tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ANKS6 is a central component of a nephronophthisis module linking NEK8 to INVS and NPHP3
Authors: Sylvia Hoff, Jan Halbritter, Daniel Epting, Valeska Frank, Thanh-Minh T Nguyen, Jeroen van Reeuwijk, Christopher Boehlke, Christoph Schell, Takayuki Yasunaga, Martin Helmstädter, Miriam Mergen, Emilie Filhol, Karsten Boldt, Nicola Horn, Marius Ueffing, Edgar A Otto, Tobias Eisenberger, Mariet W Elting, Joanna A E van Wijk, Detlef Bockenhauer, Neil J Sebire, Søren Rittig, Mogens Vyberg, Troels Ring, Martin Pohl, Lars Pape, Thomas J Neuhaus, Neveen A Soliman Elshakhs, Sarah J Koon, Peter C Harris, Florian Grahammer, Tobias B Huber, E Wolfgang Kuehn, Albrecht Kramer-Zucker, Hanno J Bolz, Ronald Roepman, Sophie Saunier, Gerd Walz, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Carsten Bergmann, Soeren S Lienkamp
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Rucksack Paralysis and Brachial Neuritis
Authors: George H. Kraft
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor:—  Two types of acute upper extremity weakness—rucksack paralysis and brachial neuritis—are often seen in military personnel. In a recent article (JAMA208:2447, 1969) Daube presented an excellent description of the former and pointed out that the diagnosis of pack paralysis can be made when a history of sustained compression of the brachial plexus can be obtained from a patient with shoulder weakness. However, differentiating between pack paralysis and brachial neuritis is often difficult, especially when weakness develops after intermittent pack bearing and recent inoculations. Unfortunately for the diagnostician, this is a situation frequently encountered during basic training and field activity.  Pack paralysis, as Dr. Daube has pointed out, is produced by sustained compression of the upper portion of the trunk of the brachial plexus. However, our recent studies of shoulder neuritis have shown that this disease produces dysfunction of distal portions of peripheral nerves innervating the
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide modulates angiotensin II action in the isolated microperfused rabbit afferent but not efferent arteriole.
Authors: S Ito, S Arima, Y L Ren, L A Juncos, O A Carretero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

It has been reported that sensitivity to angiotensin II (Ang II) is higher in efferent (Ef) than afferent (Af) arterioles (Arts). We tested the hypothesis that this is due to arteriolar differences in the interaction between Ang II and endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide (EDNO). Rabbit Af-Arts with glomerulus intact were microperfused in vitro at a constant pressure. Ef-Arts were perfused from the distal end of either the Af-Art (orthograde perfusion) or the Ef-Art (retrograde perfusion) to eliminate influences of the Af-Art or glomerulus, respectively. Ang II did not alter Af-Art luminal diameter until the concentration reached 10(-9) M, which decreased the diameter by 11 +/- 2.6% (n = 11; P < 0.002). In contrast, Ef-Arts became significantly constricted at concentrations as low as 10(-11) M with either perfusion. Surprisingly, the decrease in Ef-Art diameter at 10(-10), 10(-9), and 10(-8) M was significantly greater with retrograde perfusion (44 +/- 6.9%, 70 +/- 5.6%, and 74 +/- 4.1%, respectively; n = 5) than with orthograde perfusion (16 +/- 4.2%, 25 +/- 2.9%, and 35 +/- 3.5%; n = 9). ENDO synthesis inhibition with 10(-4) M nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) decreased the diameter to a greater extent in Af-Arts (22 +/- 3.0%; n = 11) compared to Ef-Arts with either orthograde (9.5 +/- 2.3%; n = 8) or retrograde perfusion (1.2 +/- 2.1%; n = 6). With L-NAME pretreatment, Af-Art constriction induced by 10(-10) M (14 +/- 4.0%, n = 9) and 10(-9) M Ang II (38 +/- 3.9%) was significantly greater compared to nontreated Af-Arts. In contrast, L-NAME pretreatment had no effect on Ang II-induced constriction in Ef-Arts with either perfusion. In conclusion, this study demonstrates higher sensitivity of Ef-Arts to Ang II, particularly with retrograde perfusion. Our results suggest that EDNO significantly modulates the vasoconstrictor action of Ang II in Af-Arts II but not Ef-Arts, contributing to the differential sensitivity to Ang II.
Technical Considerations and Patient Comfort in Total Colonoscopy with and without a Transparent Cap: Initial Experiences from a Pilot Study
Authors: G. M. Dafnis
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: Even though colonoscopy was introduced 30 years ago, endoscopists still leave a small percentage of the colonic mucosal surface unexamined because of the limitations of the procedure, so there is still room for technical improvements. The aim of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of attaching a transparent cap to the tip of the colonoscope, partly to gather basic data and experience for planning a larger randomized study, and partly to evaluate any technical advantages or disadvantages, and also to appraise the patients' experiences.
Adenoviral Gene Transfer of Stromal Cell–Derived Factor-1 to Murine Tumors Induces the Accumulation of Dendritic Cells and Suppresses Tumor Growth
Authors: Toshiaki Fushimi, Timothy P. O'Connor, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The human CXC chemokine, stromal cell–derived factor 1 (SDF-1α), is known to function in vitro as a chemotactic factor for lymphocytes, monocytes, and dendritic cells. In the context that dendritic cells are powerful antigen-presenting cells, we hypothesized that adenoviral gene transfer of SDF-1α to tumors might inhibit growth of preexisting tumors through attracting dendritic cells to the tumor. AdSDF-1α mediated the expression of SDF-1α mRNA and protein in A549 cells in vitro, and the supernatant of the AdSDF-1α-infected A549 cells showed chemotactic activity for dendritic cells. When syngeneic murine CT26 colon carcinoma tumors (BALB/c) and B16 melanoma and Lewis lung cell carcinoma (C57Bl/6) were injected with AdSDF-1α (5 × 108 plaque-forming units), there was an accumulation of dendritic cells and CD8+ cells within the tumor and significant inhibition of tumor growth compared with tumors injected with PBS or AdNull (control vector). The injection of AdSDF-1α into tumors induced the inflammatory enlargement and the accumulation of dendritic cells in the draining lymph node. Intratumoral AdSDF-1α administration elicited tumor-specific CTLs and adoptive transfer of splenocytes from AdSDF-1α-treated mice resulted in the elongation of survival after tumor challenge. Interestingly, in wild-type and CD4−/− mice but not in CD8−/− mice, AdSDF-1α inhibited the growth of the tumor. These observations suggest that adenoviral gene transfer of SDF-1α may be a useful strategy to accumulate dendritic cells in tumors and evoke antitumor immune responses to inhibit tumor growth. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(7): 3513-22)
DOUBLE PYOSALPINX IN A CHILD, AGED FIVE YEARS
Authors: Garry R. Burke
Journal: JAMA (1926)

A colored girl, aged 5 years, entered the hospital with her mother, Aug. 1, 1925, complaining of pain in the abdomen, vaginal discharge and fever. The mother stated that the patient had been well and playing until noon four days previously, when she complained of pain in the right side of the abdomen. At the same time she passed five roundworms, and the mother noticed a purulent vaginal discharge for the first time. The pain and the vaginal discharge continued, accompanied by feverishness and obstinate constipation. The mother gave a purgative the day before admission with no result, and an enema the morning of the day of admission, with results. The child did not vomit. The patient had had measles two months before when seven brothers and sisters and the mother had it. She had been below par for one month at the time. The father was 38, and well;
Acute Renal Failure Caused by Aminopyrine
Authors: Garabed Eknoyan, James L. Matson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

AMINOPYRINE is one of the more potent of the nonnarcotic analgesics and antipyretics.<sup>1</sup>Its once extensive use has diminished markedly because of its toxic effects on the bone marrow which produce leukopenia, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis, and sometimes result in death.<sup>2</sup>In a special report of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association published in 1934,<sup>3</sup>the indiscriminate administration of aminopyrine was discouraged except upon strong indication and under medical supervision. Since then aminopyrine has been used only sporadically and little has been learned about side effects exerted on various organs. In large doses in animals aminopyrine has been reported to cause early oliguria, subsequent polyuria, proteinuria, glycosuria, albuminuria, and hematuria.<sup>4</sup>The following case is the first report of acute renal failure caused by aminopyrine and calls attention to the need for greater discrimination in the administration of this drug, especially to patients
Calcium Leak Through Ryanodine Receptors Leads to Atrial Fibrillation in 3 Mouse Models of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Jian Shan, Wenjun Xie, Matthew Betzenhauser, Steven Reiken, Bi-Xing Chen, Anetta Wronska, Andrew R. Marks
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Rationale: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, however the mechanism(s) causing AF remain poorly understood and therapy is suboptimal. The ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is the major calcium (Ca 2+ ) release channel on the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) required for excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle. Objective: In the present study, we sought to determine whether intracellular diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak via RyR2 plays a role in triggering AF and whether inhibiting this leak can prevent AF. Methods and Results: We generated 3 knock-in mice with mutations introduced into RyR2 that result in leaky channels and cause exercise induced polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in humans [catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)]. We examined AF susceptibility in these three CPVT mouse models harboring RyR2 mutations to explore the role of diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak in AF. AF was stimulated with an intra-esophageal burst pacing protocol in the 3 CPVT mouse models (RyR2-R2474S +/− , 70%; RyR2-N2386I +/− , 60%; RyR2-L433P +/− , 35.71%) but not in wild-type (WT) mice ( P &lt;0.05). Consistent with these in vivo results, there was a significant diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak in atrial myocytes isolated from the CPVT mouse models. Calstabin2 (FKBP12.6) is an RyR2 subunit that stabilizes the closed state of RyR2 and prevents a Ca 2+ leak through the channel. Atrial RyR2 from RyR2-R2474S +/− mice were oxidized, and the RyR2 macromolecular complex was depleted of calstabin2. The Rycal drug S107 stabilizes the closed state of RyR2 by inhibiting the oxidation/phosphorylation induced dissociation of calstabin2 from the channel. S107 reduced the diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak in atrial myocytes and decreased burst pacing–induced AF in vivo. S107 did not reduce the increased prevalence of burst pacing–induced AF in calstabin2-deficient mice, confirming that calstabin2 is required for the mechanism of action of the drug. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that RyR2-mediated diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak in atrial myocytes is associated with AF in CPVT mice. Moreover, the Rycal S107 inhibited diastolic SR Ca 2+ leak through RyR2 and pacing-induced AF associated with CPVT mutations.
Neurotensin Receptor 1 Determines the Outcome of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Marco Alifano, Frédérique Souazé, Sandra Dupouy, Sophie Camilleri-Broët, Mohamad Younes, Sadi-Menad Ahmed-Zaïd, Takashi Takahashi, Alessandra Cancellieri, Stefania Damiani, Maurizio Boaron, Philippe Broët, Lance D. Miller, Christian Gespach, Jean François Regnard, Patricia Forgez
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the role of the neurotensin/neurotensin receptor I (NTSR1) complex in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression. Experimental Design: The expression of neurotensin and NTSR1 was studied by transcriptome analysis and immunohistochemistry in two series of 74 and 139 consecutive patients with pathologic stage I NSCLC adenocarcinoma. The findings were correlated with clinic-pathologic features. Experimental tumors were generated from the malignant human lung carcinoma cell line A459, and a subclone of LNM35, LNM-R. The role of the neurotensin signaling system on tumor growth and metastasis was investigated by small hairpin RNA–mediated silencing of NTSR1 and neurotensin. Results: Transcriptome analysis carried out in a series of 74 patients showed that the positive regulation of NTSR1 put it within the top 50 genes related with relapse-free survival. Immunohistochemistry revealed neurotensin- and NTSR1-positive staining in 60.4% and 59.7% of lung adenocarcinomas, respectively. At univariate analysis, NTSR1 expression was strongly associated with worse 5-year overall survival rate (P = 0.0081) and relapse-free survival (P = 0.0024). Multivariate analysis showed that patients over 65 years of age (P = 0.0018) and NTSR1 expression (P = 0.0034) were independent negative prognostic factors. Experimental tumor xenografts generated by neurotensin- and NTSR1-silenced human lung cancer cells revealed that neurotensin enhanced primary tumor growth and production of massive nodal metastasis via autocrine and paracrine regulation loops. Conclusion: NTSR1 expression was identified as a potential new prognostic biomarker for surgically resected stage I lung adenocarcinomas, as NTSR1 activation was shown to participate in lung cancer progression. Clin Cancer Res; 16(17); 4401–10. ©2010 AACR.
Future of Saatchi bill is uncertain after Liberal Democrats' veto
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The Medical Innovation Bill, a private member’s bill aimed at protecting UK doctors who try experimental treatments from litigation, has been vetoed by the Liberal Democrats, the junior partners in the coalition government.

The bill, promoted by the Conservative peer Maurice Saatchi, whose wife died from ovarian cancer, was due to have up to two days of debate in the House of Commons with a free vote, after winning the support of the health secretary for England, Jeremy Hunt, and passing all its stages in the House of Lords.

The proposed legislation has been criticised by a wide range of medical bodies, including the BMA and …
How Psychotherapy Heals: The Process of Intensive Psychotherapy
Authors: Wilfred Dorfman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The process of intensive psychotherapy is carefully dissected by a truly dedicated therapist. Although orthodox in his orientation, he has sufficient flexibility to make his contribution worthwhile for therapists of all persuasions. Even an eclectic psychiatrist, whose armamentarium includes somatic therapies, will find much here to help him in the psychodynamic understanding of some of his most difficult patients. It is rightfully pointed out that therapists who "drift" into long-term psychotherapy with patients should have the proper training. It is also noted, however, that there are "no specific diseases in psychiatry," but "only patterns or clusters of symptoms." The therapeutic process is, therefore, seen as an attempt to get to its core, an emotional immaturity whose roots lie in childhood. This then necessitates the development of a "regressive transference situation" so that infantile conflicts can be relived and relieved in a corrective emotional setting. Problems of countertransference, including the conduct
Impedance-based electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: A new method for optimal energy selection
Authors: Richard E. Kerber, Michael G. Kienzle, Brian Olshansky, Mark D. Carlson, Albert L. Waldo, David Wilber, Ann M. Aschoff, Sally Birger, Laurie Fugatt, Susan Walsh, Karen Fox-Eastham, Martin Rockwell, Francis Charbonnier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
New Clinical Schools
Authors: P. Hall-Smith, R. I. K. Elliott
Journal: BMJ (1966)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Hemodynamics are thought to play an important role in the mechanisms of aneurysm pathogenesis, progression, and rupture. The purpose of this study was to define quantitative measures related to qualitative flow characteristics previously analyzed and to investigate their relationship to aneurysm rupture. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> The hemodynamic environments in 210 cerebral aneurysms were analyzed by using image-based CFD under different flow conditions. Quantitative hemodynamic variables were defined and extracted from the simulation results. A statistical analysis of the relationship to the previous history of aneurysm rupture was performed, and the variability with flow conditions was assessed. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Ruptured aneurysms were more likely to have larger inflow concentrations, larger MWSS, larger shear concentrations, and lower viscous dissipation ratios than unruptured aneurysms. Areas under low WSS and measures of abnormally low shear force distributions of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms were not statistically different. Although the values of hemodynamic quantities changed with different flow conditions, the statistical differences or ratios between their mean values over the ruptured and unruptured groups were maintained, for both pulsatile and steady flows. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> Concentrated inflow streams and WSS distributions with elevated levels of MWSS and low aneurysmal viscous dissipation are statistically associated with a clinical history of prior aneurysm rupture. In contrast, the area and total viscous shear force applied in the aneurysm region subjected to abnormally low WSS levels are not. This study highlights the potential for image-based CFD for investigating aneurysm-evolution mechanisms and for clinical assessment of aneurysm risks.
Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: L Guillevin
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed Jill J F Belch, R B Zurier Chapman and Hall, £79, pp 392 ISBN 0 412 48620 2

How can connective tissue diseases be characterised? Most doctors consider the hallmark to be the presence of immunological changes in patients with systemic symptoms and multivisceral involvement. Connective Tissue Diseases covers most of this heterogeneous group of disorders, although it omits rare diseases such as relapsing polychondritis or hypereosinophilic …
Volunteers and the aftermath of stroke.
Authors: V E Griffith
Journal: BMJ (1975)

enteral administration of hypertonic saline.Apparently the surgeon wished to use physio- logical saline (so-called 099% w/v) but pre- scribed "normal saline"; so the pharmacist made up normal saline (58-5 g/l), which is six times as strong, and this was given to the patient.This regrettable accident reinforces the need to abandon the use of "normal" (and of %) in medicine and in chemistry to de-
The changing physician-patient relationship in critical care medicine under health care reform.
Authors: J M Luce
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

American society and the medical profession have historically been dominated by a "single master" view that emphasizes unrestrained advocacy for individual patients and prohibits physicians, including those who work in critical care units, from being providers and rationers of health care services simultaneously. With its emphasis on universal access and cost containment, health care reform requires that society and the medical profession balance this individualistic ethic with a communitarian ethic that stresses proportional advocacy for all patients and encourages physicians and patients to help define the scope of services their health care institutions provide. Ideally, this balance will allow the transition from a "rule of rescue" in which large sums of money are spent on therapies that may have only marginal benefit to a "rule of reason" in which this money can be used for primary and preventive care.
Lateral-view Ventilation Images with 133Xe
Authors: U YUN RYO, PAUL A. BILOW, STEVEN PINSKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

For better delineation of regional ventilation abnormalities, a lateral-view imaging has been employed when one or more areas of abnormal retention were visible in posterior views of 133Xe washout images. It is technically simple to obtain lateral views during the 133Xe washout phase. The resulting images were found to be very useful in detecting regions of ventilation-perfusion mismatch and in evaluating regional obstructive lung disease.
Leaders Warn of Deadly HIV, TB Collision
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gender-Related Differences in Clinical and Pathological Characteristics and Therapy of Bladder Cancer
Authors: D Puente, N Malats, L Cecchini, A Tardón, R Garcı́a-Closas, C Serra, A Carrato, M Sala, R Boixeda, M Dosemeci, F.X Real, M Kogevinas
Journal: European Urology (2002)
UK sees rise in people donating a kidney to recipients they do not know
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The number of living donors who volunteer to donate a kidney to someone whom they do not know has increased by 50% in the past year, according to UK figures.

The Human Tissue Authority (HTA), the UK watchdog that licenses the storage and use of human tissue for treatment and research, reports that the number of people who were approved to donate a kidney to someone they do not know rose from 10 in 2007-8 to 15 in 2008-9.

“Although numbers are small, we found the increase in the number of altruistic donors interesting and unexpected,” said Vicki Chapman, director of policy and strategy …
1129 An early occurrence of IGA responses against acetaldehyde-modified proteins in alcohol consumers
Authors: O NIEMELA, J LATVALA, P ANTTILA, K JARVI
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Sphingomyelin signal transduction pathway regulates cell cycle through a number of lipid second messengers, which stimulate cell proliferation (sphingosine-1-phosphate), initiate growth arrest or induce apoptosis (sphingosine, ceramide). To asses the functioning of sphingomyelin pathway during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rat (PH) we measured the content of sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide (CER), sphingosine (SPH), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the activity of neutral Mg2+-dependent and acidic sphingomyelinases and ceramidases, in the remnant liver lobes during the first 24 h after PH in rat. The activity of acidic ceramidase was highest at 4th hour after PH, whereas the activity of neutral ceramidases peaked at 12th hour after the operation. At these time points the activity Mg2+-dependent sphingomyelinase was also elevated, together with the content of SPH, S1P and the ratio of S1P to CER. The activity of acidic sphingomyelinase increased gradually from 4th to 24th hour after the operation. This was accompanied by significant increase in the content of ceramide between 4th and 24th hour and reduction in the content of S1P and S1P to CER ratio. It is concluded that partial hepatectomy induces production of the pro-mitogenic intermediates of sphingomyelin signaling pathway during the first 12 h of liver regeneration in rat.