tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Healing Souls: Psychotherapy in the Latter-Day Saint Community
Authors: R. E. Dew
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparing and combining studies of bronchial responsiveness
Authors: S Chinn
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Background: There is no standardised protocol for the measurement of bronchial responsiveness. Results from different studies are difficult to compare and combine. Methods: Analyses are divided between those of a continuous outcome, which can be directly standardised as effect size, and those based on a binary outcome. A published method is used to convert an odds ratio to equivalent effect size. Results: The use of effect size allows comparison between studies using a continuous outcome but different protocols, provided the relevant standard deviation is reported. Effect size from a continuous outcome and that derived from an odds ratio from an equivalent analysis gave similar results. Conclusions: Systematic reviews which include both continuous effect estimates and odds ratios can include both in one meta-analysis, provided relevant standard deviations are published for the former. Authors are encouraged to report these in all fields in which measurement protocols vary.
Management of the Severely Anemic Jehovah's Witness
Authors: David Green
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 July 1993Management of the Severely Anemic Jehovah's WitnessMichael Auerbach, MD and Harold Ballard, MDMichael Auerbach, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Harold Ballard, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-2-199307150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Mann and colleagues [1] describe an intelligent and badly needed approach to the treatment of the anemic Jehovah's Witness. Their recommendations regarding the use of erythropoietin and iron dextran are both accurate and prudent. However, there is an error in their reference to our article [2]: Iron dextran is and has been labeled for intravenous use; such use is restricted (under label) to undiluted, intravenous boluses not to exceed 100 mg. Our study clearly showed the superiority of total dose infusion of iron dextran given in 500 mL of normal saline over the approved (label) method of ...References1. Mann MC, Votto J, Kambe J, McNamee MJ. Management of the severely anemic patient who refuses transfusion: lessons learned during the care of a Jehovah's Witness. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117: 1042-8. Google Scholar2. Auerbach M, Witt D, Toler W, Fierstein M, Lerner RG, Ballard H. Clinical use of the total dose infusion of iron dextran. J Lab Clin Med. 1988; 111:566-70. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 2Page: 169-170KeywordsAnaphylaxisAnxietyDextranErythropoietinHypersensitivityHypotensionSaline solutionsShockTachycardia Issue Published: 15 July 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Renal Sodium- and Potassium-Activated Adenosine Triphosphatase and Sodium Reabsorption in the Hypothyroid Rat
Authors: Adrian I. Katz, Marshall D. Lindheimer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

The relationship between net tubular reabsorption of sodium and renal microsomal sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) was evaluated in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats and in age-matched euthyroid controls. Tubular sodium reabsorption per gram of kidney was lower in thyroidectomized rats than in controls (186+/-14 vs. 246+/-12 mueq/min; P < 0.005) and was accompanied by a quantitatively similar reduction in Na-K-ATPase specific activity (49.4+/-2.4 vs. 65.8+/-2.3 mumol inorganic phosphate (P(t))/mg protein per h; P < 0.001). This decrement was present in both cortex and outer medulla, and was limited to Na-K-ATPase since other representative enzymes not involved in sodium transport (magnesium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase [Mg-ATPase], glucose-6-phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase) remained unchanged or increased in the hypothyroid animals. Conversely, Na-K-ATPase rose when sodium reabsorption increased in euthyroid rats treated with triiodothyronine. Subsequent experiments were performed to determine to what extent the decrease in Na-K-ATPase is due to lack of thyroid hormone per se or to an adaptive response to decreased reabsorptive sodium load. Triiodothyronine in concentrations of 10(-12) to 10(-5) M had no effect in vitro on microsomal Na-K-ATPase of either thyroidectomized or euthyroid rats. When hypothyroid rats were uninephrectomized or treated with methylprednisolone, sodium reabsorption per gram kidney increased markedly and was similar to that of intact controls. Despite persistence of the hypothyroid state, Na-K-ATPase specific activity also increased to levels not significantly different from euthyroid animals. These data suggest that decreased tubular sodium transport is a major determinant of the reduction in renal Na-K-ATPase in thyroid deficiency since the latter can be reversed by increasing sodium reabsorption during continuing hypothyroidism. Furthermore, the modest sodium leak of hypothyroid animals does not appear to be due to decreased Na-K-ATPase since it was not corrected by uninephrectomy despite restoration of both cortical and medullary Na-K-ATPase activity to normal by this maneuver. The close correlation between net sodium reabsorption and Na-K-ATPase in all the experimental situations described here demonstrates that renal Na-K-ATPase changes adaptively in hyper- or hypothyroidism as it does in numerous situations in the normal animal, in accord with its postulated role in the active transport of sodium across the renal tubule.
Buddha and evidence based medicine
Authors: Sonal Singh
Journal: BMJ (2004)

ing school onwards, is based on research and experiential evidence and wherever appropriate follows the evidence based healthcare model.Training in critical appraisal of research might therefore be usefully targeted at opinion leaders to whom most practitioners turn for knowledge and should acknowledge and capitalise on the role of networks and communities of practice. 20 21 If our findings are correct, practitioners have a collective professional responsibility to ensure that mindlines are based on research evidence wherever possible.In order to do this, the potential of networking as part of continuing professional development must be recognised and fostered, and appropriate information must be targeted, through a variety of routes, to the relevant individuals.This also has important implications for the dissemination of new clinical research findings by using not the sources of knowledge that researchers and the government think practitioners should use but the actual sources that they do use.We thank Dale Webb, who carried out some of the formal interviews.Above all we thank the staff of "Lawndale" for their forbearance in allowing us to "hang around" over all this time and learn so much from them about the day to day practice of primary care.Thanks also to the "Urbchester" GPs for the very fruitful time spent there.
Estimated Effects of Disinfection By-products on Preterm Birth in a Population Served by a Single Water Utility
Authors: Chad Lewis, Irwin H. Suffet, Katherine Hoggatt, Beate Ritz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

We evaluated the association between drinking-water disinfection by-products and preterm births using improved exposure assessment and more appropriate analysis methods than used in prior studies.During 1999-2001, vital record data were obtained for a large, racially diverse population residing in 27 Massachusetts communities that received drinking water from a single public utility. This water system was monitored weekly for total trihalomethanes (TTHM), and it maintained geographically stable total TTHM levels system-wide during the study period. We employed proportional hazards regression to examine the effects of trimester-specific and shorter-term peak exposures to TTHM in drinking water late in pregnancy on preterm births in 37,498 singletons.For all women, our data suggested no more than a small increase, if any, in risk for delivering a preterm baby when exposed to > or = 60 microg/L TTHM during the 4 weeks before birth [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.95-1.35]. However, women who depended on a governmental source of payment for prenatal care were at increased risk when exposed at such levels late in gestation (HR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06-1.81). In contrast, exposure to high levels of TTHM during the second trimester and high exposure throughout pregnancy resulted in a 15-18% reduction in risk for preterm delivery in our population.This finding confirms previous reports of a negative association during the second trimester. Our data also suggested a possible positive association with shorter-term third-trimester TTHM exposure in mothers of lower socioeconomic status.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias Following Open Heart Surgery: Emphasis on the Use of Atrial and Ventricular Epicardial Wire Electrodes
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Electrocardiographic recording from epicardial electrodes has provided new dimensions to the diagnosis of arrhythmias. The diagnostic value of atrial electrograms, for instance, is here abundantly exemplified by atrial activity that is obscure on the surface ECG. The concept of "diagnostic atrial pacing" is introduced to help distinguish automatic from nonautomatic rhythms, and ventricular arrhythmias from aberrant ventricular conduction. And, of course, these wires have made it very easy to assess atrioventricular conduction and sinus-node function. Perhaps more importantly, virtually all arrhythmias that follow open heart surgery are amenable to therapeutic cardiac pacing. (Four exceptions to this statement still exist: atrial and ventricular fibrillation, sinus tachycardia, and type II atrial flutter.) This text also covers all the circumstances in which temporary pacing offers distinct advantages over other therapeutic modalities. Examples include various times when direct current cardioversion may be hazardous, recurrent ventricular tachycardia, and drug-resistant classic atrial flutter. Finally, at least
Apolipoprotein A-IV Levels and Phenotype Distribution in NIDDM
Authors: Bruno L Vergès, Genevieve Vaillant, Alain Goux, Laurent Lagrost, Jean M Brun, Philippe Gambert
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

To determine plasma apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) levels and phenotype distribution in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and to analyze the influence of apoA-IV phenotype on lipid profiles in NIDDM.Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, HDL2 cholesterol, HDL3 cholesterol, free fatty acid, and apoA-IV levels were measured in 83 NIDDM patients and 100 normal control subjects. The apoA-IV phenotype was determined in each individual.In both sexes, NIDDM patients had significantly higher levels of triglyceride and free fatty acid and significantly lower levels of HDL cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol than control subjects. In men and women, apoA-IV levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects (men: 17.1 +/- 7.9 vs. 12.3 +/- 3.6 mg/dl, P < 0.001; women: 18.9 +/- 9.9 vs. 11.9 +/- 3.5 mg/dl, P < 0.001). The multiple regression analysis showed that the apoA-IV level in NIDDM patients was significantly and independently related to log triglyceride (P = 0.0001) and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.01) levels. The apoA-IV phenotype distribution was not significantly different between NIDDM patients and control subjects. In the control subjects, the apoA-IV-1-2 phenotype was associated with significantly higher levels of HDL cholesterol (69 +/- 12 vs. 56 +/- 11 mg/dl, P < 0.01) and of HDL2 cholesterol (36 +/- 15 vs. 25 +/- 12 mg/dl, P < 0.05) compared with the apoA-IV-1-1 phenotype; on the other hand, HDL cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol levels were not different between the two apoA-IV phenotypes in NIDDM patients.Plasma apoA-IV levels are increased in NIDDM patients. This increase in apoA-IV is related mainly to hypertriglyceridemia and, to a lesser extent, to HDL cholesterol level. The apoA-IV phenotype distribution is not different between NIDDM patients and nondiabetic control subjects. The potential protective lipid profile (characterized by increased HDL and HDL2 cholesterol levels) linked with apoA-IV-1-2 phenotype in control subjects is no longer found in NIDDM patients. We suggest that the metabolic state of NIDDM has erased the potential protective lipid profile associated with the apoA-IV-1-2 phenotype.
Identification of eosinophil lineage–committed progenitors in the murine bone marrow
Authors: Hiromi Iwasaki, Shin-ichi Mizuno, Robin Mayfield, Hirokazu Shigematsu, Yojiro Arinobu, Brian Seed, Michael F. Gurish, Kiyoshi Takatsu, Koichi Akashi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

Eosinophil lineage–committed progenitors (EoPs) are phenotypically isolatable in the steady-state murine bone marrow. Purified granulocyte/monocyte progenitors (GMPs) gave rise to eosinophils as well as neutrophils and monocytes at the single cell level. Within the short-term culture of GMPs, the eosinophil potential was found exclusively in cells activating the transgenic reporter for GATA-1, a transcription factor capable of instructing eosinophil lineage commitment. These GATA-1–activating cells possessed an IL-5Rα+CD34+c-Kitlo phenotype. Normal bone marrow cells also contained IL-5Rα+CD34+c-Kitlo EoPs that gave rise exclusively to eosinophils. EoPs significantly increased in number in response to helminth infection, suggesting that the EoP stage is physiologically involved in eosinophil production in vivo. EoPs expressed eosinophil-related genes, such as the eosinophil peroxidase and the major basic protein, but did not express basophil/mast cell–related mast cell proteases. The enforced retroviral expression of IL-5Rα in GMPs did not enhance the frequency of eosinophil lineage read-outs, whereas IL-5Rα+ GMPs displayed normal neutrophil/monocyte differentiation in the presence of IL-5 alone. Thus, IL-5Rα might be expressed specifically at the EoP stage as a result of commitment into the eosinophil lineage. The newly identified EoPs could be the cellular target in the treatment of a variety of disorders mediated by eosinophils.
German government demands two doctors approve prescribing of expensive drugs
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Patients in Germany with pulmonary arterial hypertension will need two doctors to sign their prescriptions from next year before their health insurance will cover the cost of expensive drug treatments, which range from €11 000 (£8700; $14 000) for sildenafil to €110 000 for iloprost. 

This rule, which affects about 4000 patients with hypertension, will also be applied in due course to the treatment of cancer of the large bowel and other conditions.

The federal joint committee, which is composed of doctors, health insurance companies, and patients’ representatives, decides which treatments will be reimbursed by the state health insurance companies. It has called …
Icelandic Researchers Are Showing the Way to Bring Down Rates of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

PUBLIC HEALTH experts have long preached that curbing overuse of antibiotics is a crucial element in reversing the alarming increases in drug-resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. But such preaching seems to have largely fallen on deaf ears, as antibiotic use remains high and rates of resistant bacteria have increased around the world. Now, a team of Icelandic researchers has demonstrated that when such advice is actually followed—in the wake of considerable publicity warning physicians and the public of the hazards of too liberal use of the drugs—the rates of penicillin-resistant bacteria in that country have indeed dropped. "We've been following the epidemiology of penicillin-resistant pneumococci [PRP] in Iceland since the first strain was isolated here in December of 1988," says Karl G. Kristinsson, MD, PhD, of National University Hospital, in Reykjavik, Iceland, who presented the group's findings at the 35th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, in San Francisco,
CLINICAL COURSE OF CHILDHOOD FAMILIAL DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH SARCOMERIC GENE MUTATIONS
Authors: Peta M.A. Alexander, Ivan Maccioca, Belinda Chong, Desiree du Sart, Tara Bharucha, Ingrid King, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Robert G. Weintraub
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Increasing the Intake of Nutrients While Reversing the Engels Phenomenon
Authors: Robert J. Karp
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Nutritional Improvement of Poor Urban Preschool Children: A 1983-1977 Comparison," by Zee et al<sup>1</sup>predicts the consequences of inadequately supporting the efforts of poor people to obtain nutritious food. They demonstrated that in Memphis, Tenn, the children not enrolled in the Community Supplemental Food Program, who were between 6 months and 2 years of age, showed a mean decrease in hemoglobin levels of 0.3 g/dL. For children between 2 and 6 years of age from these families, the mean decrease was 0.6 g/dL. These data replicate findings in a longitudinal study of inner-city children in Philadelphia during a period of rapidly rising food costs.<sup>2</sup>Here, a mean decrease in hemoglobin levels of 1.2 g/dL was shown for a group of economically dependent children who were between 3 and 10 years of age in both 1972 and 1975. These studies illustrate the Engels
Control of Antibody-Mediated Pure Red-Cell Aplasia by Plasmapheresis
Authors: Hans A. Messner, Axel A. Fauser, John E. Curtis, Dale Dotten
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

THE development of acquired pure red-cell aplasia in some patients is based on autoimmune mechanisms,1 , 2 as indicated by a favorable clinical response to immunosuppressive therapy3 4 5 6 7 8 and by the presence of IgG autoantibodies that impair various stages and mechanisms of erythropoiesis.9 10 11 12 The effects include interference with heme synthesis,9 as demonstrated in suspension cultures of normal bone marrow, complement-dependent lysis of erythroblasts,3 , 9 and complement-independent inhibition of erythroid burst and colony formation in culture by early erythroid progenitors.13 14 15 16 Occasionally, antibodies are directed against erythropoietin.17 , 18 This report describes a patient with pure red-cell aplasia whose plasma contained antibodies that inhibited erythroid burst formation of . . .
Pathological bullseye display to quantitate the relative mass of the left ventricle that is ischemic: Comparison of tomographic hekakis-methoxyisobutyrl isonitrile vs thallium-201 in dogs during stress-induced ischemia
Authors: Robert L Eisner, AR Leon, AR Aaron, AS Boyers, LS Scasrkey, SE Martin, RE Patterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Multistate outbreak of hemolysis in hemodialysis patients traced to faulty blood tubing sets
Authors: Rosemary Duffy, Kay Tomashek, Michael Spangenberg, Leslie Spry, Diane Dwyer, Thomas J. Safranek, Christopher Ying, David Portesi, Hozefa Divan, John Kobrenski, Matthew Arduino, Jerome Tokars, William Jarvis
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Role of fecal calprotectin as biomarker of gastrointestinal GVHD after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Patrizia Chiusolo, Elisabetta Metafuni, Sabrina Giammarco, Silvia Bellesi, Nicola Piccirillo, Chiara Fanali, Massimo Castagnola, Cecilia Zuppi, Teresa De Michele, Giuseppe Leone, Simona Sica
Journal: Blood (2012)
The New Normal
Authors: Kyle Potvin
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Case of Gastric Leiomyoblastoma Diagnosed Preoperatively by Electrocoagulation Biopsy
Authors: T. Yoshida, K. Fujimoto, M. Sakaguchi, T. Fuchigami, K. Tanaka, H. Watanabe
Journal: Endoscopy (1975)

This paper describes the case of a 46-year-old male found initially by upper gastrointestinal series and gastroscopy to have a submucosal tumor, where repeated follow-up investigations by routine biopsy gave negative results, and artificial ulceration through electrocoagulation was therefore performed prior to biopsy in a successful attempt to obtain tumor tissue, thus allowing a preoperative diagnosis of leiomyoblastoma. Success in this case indicates that this procedure, if performed with care by those well experienced in the field, will become a valuable addition to the present methods in the preoperative diagnosis of submucosal tumors where there is little or no ulceration.