tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Normal and abnormal regulation of β-MSH in man
Authors: Kaoru Abe, Wendell E. Nicholson, Grant W. Liddle, David N. Orth, Donald P. Island
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The regulation of plasma beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) in man has been studied utilizing a radioimmunoassay previously described (1). In normal subjects plasma beta-MSH values ranged from 20 to 110 pg/ml. Metyrapone increased and dexamethasone decreased plasma beta-MSH levels. Surgical stress stimulated beta-MSH secretion. Plasma beta-MSH levels were elevated in patients with untreated Addison's disease and untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and these levels fell to normal during glucocorticoid therapy. In patients with Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) excess, plasma beta-MSH was slightly elevated before treatment. In those patients who developed pituitary tumors and hyperpigmentation after bilateral adrenalectomy, plasma beta-MSH was greatly elevated. In patients with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal tumor, plasma beta-MSH was subnormal. In patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome, the levels of plasma beta-MSH were high. Plasma beta-MSH had a diurnal variation in normal subjects, patients with Addison's disease, and patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia; but the normal diurnal variation was lost in patients with Cushing's disease. In patients with high plasma beta-MSH, simultaneous determinations of plasma ACTH showed close correlation between the degree of elevation of ACTH and that of beta-MSH. In extracts of tumors from patients with the ectopic ACTH-MSH syndrome the quantities of the two hormones were roughly equivalent. In patients with hyperpigmentation due to a variety of disorders other than pituitary-adrenal abnormalities, plasma beta-MSH was normal. It is concluded that the secretion of beta-MSH is regulated by the same factors that regulate ACTH.
Diagnosis of Splenomegaly-Reply
Authors: Edward R. Eichner
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> A palpable spleen is in the fingertips of the beholder; our algorithm is for documented splenomegaly. Almost 3% of college freshmen may have palpable spleens; how many have splenomegaly is unknown. The authors of that study said the percentage of students with palpable spleens dropped substantially when the examining physicians changed, and they admitted that the ability of certain students to relax and breathe deeply may have made normal spleens easier to palpate. In any case, an algorithm does not have to be followed to the end; the physician can stop at any point that good judgment dictates. Of course, there is a place for simply following up certain patients with asymptomatic splenomegaly and normal CBC counts.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Neill Adhikari, John T. Granton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Association of Clara cell 10-kDa protein, spontaneous regression and sarcoidosis
Authors: N. Shijubo, Y. Itoh, K Shigehara, T Yamaguchi, K Itoh, Y Shibuya, R Takahashi, T Ohchi, M Ohmichi, Y Hiraga, S Abe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disorder with a high rate of spontaneous regression. Clara cell 10-kDa protein (CC10), the predominant product of nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells, is a potent immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory agent. CC10 levels were measured in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from 31 sarcoidosis patients (nine progressive disease and 22 regressive disease) and their relevance to spontaneous regression investigated. The inhibitory effects of recombinant CC10 on interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production were examined using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated sarcoid BAL fluid cells, and the blocking effects of monoclonal antibody TY-5, directed against CC10, on CC10 function were also tested. Serum and BAL fluid CC10 levels in the regressive disease group were significantly higher than those in the progressive disease group (serum, p&lt;0.05; BAL fluid, p&lt;0.005) and healthy subjects (serum, p&lt;0.0001; BAL fluid, p&lt;0.005). CC10 inhibited, in part, IFN-gamma production from LPS-stimulated sarcoid BAL fluid cells (CC10 inhibition: 1,000 ng x mL(-1), 30%; 100 ng x mL(-1), 14%). TY-5 restored IFN-gamma production by blocking CC10 function. Sarcoidosis patients with regressive disease showed increased Clara cell 10-kDa protein levels in their sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Clara cell 10-kDa protein may be a regulator of the inflammatory process in sarcoidosis.
Zimbabwean doctors' group calls on world's health professionals to support right to treatment
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Supporters of the Zimbabwean opposition party who had been beaten and tortured by police last month were denied medical care for days or were treated in the presence of their abusers by intimidated doctors, says the Zimbabwean Association of Doctors for Human Rights (ZADHR).

The group's chairman, Douglas Gwatidzo, treated the opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai, of the Movement for Democratic Change, two days after he was detained on 11 March in the township of Highfield, near Harare, during an opposition rally.

But Mr Tsvangirai had already been taken by police to the accident and emergency department of the government's Central Hospital after collapsing on the night of his arrest, the human …
Protein Chip Discovery of Secreted Proteins Regulated by the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Michelle Moscova, Deborah J. Marsh, Robert C. Baxter
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality among the gynecologic malignancies. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated, leading to increased cell survival. This study aimed to identify secreted proteins regulated by the PI3K pathway in ovarian cancer cell lines. Surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry with cation-exchange protein-chips was used to analyze secreted proteins from five ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV-3, PE01, OVCAR-3, OV167, and OV207). To activate the PI3K pathway, cells were treated with 50 ng/mL epidermal growth factor (EGF) with or without 10 micromol/L LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor. Proteins induced by EGF and inhibited by LY294002, in the m/z range 7,500 to 9,500, were purified chromatographically, identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and NH(2)-terminal sequencing, and confirmed by immunodepletion. Two immunologically related proteins, m/z approximately 8,385 and 8,922, were identified as truncated and intact forms, respectively, of interleukin 8, a chemokine previously shown to be elevated in serum of ovarian cancer patients. Another protein, m/z 7,866, was identified as CXC chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) or GRO-alpha, a chemokine associated with melanoma formation and some epithelial cancers. EGF-stimulated CXCL1 levels were variably decreased by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase and p38 MAPK inhibition in the five cell lines, but only LY294002 fully reversed the EGF effect in all cell lines. Immunoreactive CXCL1 levels in 160 conditioned media were highly correlated with corresponding peak intensities at m/z 7,866 by mass spectrometry, indicating the quantitative nature of these analyses. We conclude that proteomic analysis of cell models of human disease may facilitate the discovery of pathway-dependent proteins.
Consent: Informed, Implied, and Deferred
Authors: Frank H. Marsh
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Deferred Consent" by Abramson et al<sup>1</sup>is both interesting and provocative; however, the authors slide over two very important points that are of major concern. The first of these two points touches on the distinction between experimental therapy and research and the standard of care the law assigns to both. The authors are quite right in stating that a physician may, under appropriate circumstances, consider and employ an experimental therapy that might benefit his patient in an otherwise hopeless situation. The obligations imposed here by law and by ethics as well are to be found within the constructs of a physician-patient relationship. This relationship is different in many respects from that of a researcher-subject relationship. The duties inherent therein shift as the concept of the relationship shifts. For example, the definition of research itself dismisses any immediate idea of a direct benefit to
The Biology of Degenerative Joint Disease
Authors: J. C. Sloper
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

This is a delightful, discursive, and well-d series of essays reviewing various aspects o pathology and cyto-physiology of osteoarth the author's own work lies primarily in the perimental and comparative pathology, these degenerative joint disease, which in the past rather neglected, are particularly well tr4
Quality and Safety in Frozen Foods
Authors: Horace K. Burr
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Frozen foods are acquiring an increasingly important place in the American diet. Annual per capita consumption has risen from 6 to nearly 30 lb. since World War II. Modern industrial practices and research have continuously improved quality. Although frozen foods are not always free from potentially hazardous micro-organisms, their safety record compares favorably with that of other successfully preserved products. At present, vigorous action is being undertaken to correct improper handling procedures that result in quality losses. <h3>Quality and Nutritive Value</h3> Nutritional values of fresh foods generally are well retained during the freezing process.<sup>1-2</sup>Techniques employed by producers and packers to protect color, flavor, and salability of a food also protect natural vitamin and mineral content as no other means of preservation can do. In good commercial practice, crops are harvested at prime maturity, often with a delay of only three to four hours between harvesting and freezing operations.
THE INITIATION OF WOUND SHOCK
Authors: E. M. COWELL
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The name "wound shock" is suggested in order to avoid the confusion which arises, even among medical officers, if the word "shock" alone is used. The term "surgical shock" used in connection with the reaction of the body to wound injury is also to be deprecated. Wound shock may supervene early on. That is, the man suddenly becomes pale, clammy and pulseless; and a low pressure may be found as soon as it is possible to make a reading, fifteen to twenty minutes after the man has been hit. To this group of symptoms with hypotension the name<i>primary wound shock</i>is given. When, on the other hand, as the result of a long carry in the cold or the onset of toxemia, or the presence of continuous slight hemorrhage, or combinations of these conditions, a man previously in good condition develops similar shock symptoms, a condition of<i>secondary</i>
BRIEF NOTES ON EPIDERMOPHYTON RUBRUM, CASTELLANI, 1909 (TRICHOPHYTON PURPUREUM, BANG, 1910) AND TRICHOPHYTON VIOLACEUM VAR. DECALVANS, CASTELLANI, 1993, WITH REMARKS ON "ECZEMA MARGINATUM" ("TINEA CRURIS SEU INGUINALIS") IN JAPAN AND "LA LI TOU" OR "PARASITIC FOLLICULITIS" ("TINEA DECALVANS" PRO PARTE) OF SOUTHERN CHINA.
Authors: M. OTA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1922)

Ix Jaiiaii aud Manchuria the usual type of " t-ezema.marginatum" cruris, tinea inguinalis} caused by Epiiiprmophyton crnris, li [Ep.intjuniaU.'',Sabouraud} is much less frequently met with thau the type caused by Epldermophyton rnhrnni, Gastellani.EpidfnnojDhijton ridn-itm.is a fungus very common u\ Japan and Manchuria, but it has often been confused by some Japanese dermatologists with Trichophytun acnmiiiatum and even E-pidermophyton criiris.It is tlit; connuouest organism found not oiily iu eczema marginatum, but also iu so-called dy.'sidrotic eczema, interdigital dermatitis and onychomycosis.Dr. R. S. Hodges, University of Alabama, suggested that my three cultures of fungus brought from Japan were Ilic same as his Triclmpliytun "A," viz.Epidermopltytmi ruhrum.I have further studied my strains iu the laboratory of Ur.Weidman, University uf Pennsylvania, and I have come to the conclusion that m\' i^hains were certainly EpidennQphyto)i rnhrnrii, Gastellani.'Che cultures were isulated from cases of eczema marginatum, I Oriychomycosis uud dermatitis interdigitalis.The appearance of the cultures was identical with the descriptions given by Gastellani, Hany and Hodges.Mycologically this fungus is characterised by the conidiophore hypha"* bearing lateral pyrifonu spores, which are grouped iu buuches, by the presence of multi-septated "fuseaux" (spindle-bodies}, and at times rosary-like uiycelial filaments composed
Another look at diagnostic pathways in children with urinary tract infection.
Authors: R H Whitaker, T Sherwood
Journal: BMJ (1984)

This is a discussion paper on better ways of tackling a common problem : looking for the cause of a child's first recognised urinary infection. We describe practical choices and programmes adopted jointly in our departments over the past two years. We would be the first to accept that they may not suit all places. The following factors made us take another look at our diag? nostic pathways: (a) in the past few years new light has been shed on our understanding of reflux and reflux nephropathy; (6) it has become increasingly apparent thai: an intravenous urogram is no diagnostic panacea in very small children; (c) there are no longer (if indeed there ever were) bottomless funds to pay for expensive investigations for all children with a single urinary tract infection; and (d) the concept that only serious conditions threatening life or the kidney need to be diagnosed on a screening programme. The first three factors are self explanatory. The fourth might not be universally acceptable. We believe, however, that for the sake of avoiding overinvestigation and containing costs, we can afford to miss the diagnosis of certain relatively minor conditions during the first investigation of a child with infection. This is on the understanding that if the child has a further infection, more conventional investigations will be performed that will pick up even the least worrying conditions.
Merits, Flaws of Live Virus Flu Vaccine Debated
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) in pig enterocytes: trafficking from the brush border to lipid droplets during fat absorption
Authors: G H Hansen
Journal: Gut (2003)

<b>Background:</b> Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) is known to mediate cellular uptake of cholesterol from high density lipoprotein particles and is particularly abundant in liver and steroidogenic tissues. In addition, SR-BI expression in the enterocyte brush border has also been reported but its role in the small intestine remains unclear. <b>Aim and methods:</b> To gain insight into the possible function of pig SR-BI during uptake of dietary fat, its localisation in enterocytes was studied in the fasting state and during fat absorption by immunogold electron microscopy and subcellular fractionation. <b>Results:</b> In the fasting state, SR-BI was mainly localised in the microvillar membrane and in apical invaginations/pits between adjacent microvilli. In addition, a subapical compartment and small cytoplasmic lipid droplets were distinctly labelled. During lipid absorption, the receptor was found in clathrin positive apical coated pits and vesicles. In addition, cytoplasmic lipid droplets that greatly increased in size and number were strongly labelled by the SR-BI antibody whereas apolipoprotein A-1 positive chylomicrons were largely devoid of the receptor. <b>Conclusion:</b> During absorption of dietary fat, SR-BI is endocytosed from the enterocyte brush border and accumulates in cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Internalisation of the receptor occurs mainly by clathrin coated pits rather than by a caveolae/lipid raft based mechanism.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE
Authors: GUY R. NEWELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Letters and Comments1 November 1967HODGKIN'S DISEASEGUY R. NEWELL, M.D.GUY R. NEWELL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-67-5-1118 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: I am writing concerning a statement made by Dr. Seymour Perry in the Clinical Staff Conference on Hodgkin's disease (Ann. Intern. Med. 67: 424, 1967). Dr. Perry stated, "As is well known, this disease is found all over the world and seems unrelated to social status or occupation." I wish to clear up this statement lest it close the door of needed research in these areas.The disease does occur all over the world, but there are international differences in age of occurrence that are unexplained and, if understood, could be significant clues about the nature of...References1. MACMAHON B: Epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease. Cancer Res. 26: 1189, 1966. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. LESHANMARVINLYERLY LSO: Some evidence of a relationship between Hodgkin's disease and intelligence. Arch. Gen. Psychiat. (Chicago) 1: 477, 1959. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. COHENSMETANAMILLER BMHFRW: Hodgkin's disease: long survival in a study of 388 World War II Army cases. Cancer 17: 856, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GUY R. NEWELL, M.D.Affiliations: Harvard University School of Public Health Boston, Mass. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1967Volume 67, Issue 5 Page: 1118-1119 Keywords Hodgkin lymphoma Social status ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DIALYSIS RETENTATES FROM PENICILLIN
Authors: ATHANSIA LIAKOPOULOU, ARNOST B. VILIM
Journal: Allergy (1976)

Retentates from benzylpenicillin preparations marketed in Canada were used in immunological studies in order to determine if they were immunogenic in experimental animals with respect to anaphylactic antibody production. The retentates obtained consisted mainly of penicillin polymers. Impurities of protein nature were either insignificant or absent. The penicillin polymers were found to be non-immunogenic in Albino Wistar rats, Wistar Furth rats and Hartley guinea pigs. Furthermore, they were unable to effect positive PCA tests in rats passively sensitized to the penicilloyl determinant.
Platelet glycoprotein Ia 807C/T (Phe224) and 873G/A (Thr246) dimorphisms in Turkey
Authors: Evrim Komurcu, Nihan Erginel‐Unaltuna
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

At sites of vascular injury, the platelet collagen receptor Glycoprotein Ia/IIa (GPIa/IIa) acts as an important mediator of platelet adhesion to fibrillar collagens. Two silent polymorphisms (807C/T and 873G/A) within the glycoprotein Ia gene have been implicated in increased risk of developing thrombosis and myocardial infarction in affected individuals. To provide basis for future studies, we examined the frequency of these GPIa polymorphisms for people in Turkey. We analyzed 118 unrelated individuals for their genotypes of the GPIa gene using a multiplexed allele specific-PCR based method. The allelic frequencies were found to be 34% for 807T/873A and 66% for 807C/873G; the genotypic frequencies were 13% for 807TT/873AA, 44% for 807CT/873GA, and 43% for 807CC/873GG.
New Strategy for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: L. W. Diggs
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The importance of the two papers by Nalbandian and his associates published elsewhere in this issue ofThe Journal(pp 1679 and 1680) is that they demonstrate how, armed with determination and a suitable screening test, concerned civil authorities can efficiently survey a population at risk from sickle cell disease. Unfortunately, there is still considerable doubt about what type of treatment should be offered to those affected persons such mass surveys bring to light. Despite the wide publicity it has attained, the use of intravenous urea as a remedy for the painful sickle cell crisis has many problems associated with it, though these are currently being evaluated by investigators in several research centers.<sup>1</sup> The protocol recommended by Nalbandian<sup>2</sup>requires intensive care facilities, venous catheterization with the tip positioned by x-ray in the superior vena cava and an indwelling urinary catheter. A sterile 30% solution of urea in 10%
Medical professionals' role in torture in secret prisons was "gross breach" of ethics, says Red Cross
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The participation of medical personnel, directly or indirectly, in monitoring the interrogation of terrorism suspects tortured in secret Central Intelligence Agency facilities overseas “constituted a grave breach of medical ethics,” says a report by the International Committee of the Red Cross.

The Red Cross says that in some cases the monitoring “amounted to participation in torture and/or cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment.”

“Health personnel were directly involved in monitoring the health effects of the ill-treatment,” it says.

The report, which was leaked and posted on 6 April on the website of the New York Review of Books by the journalist Mark Danner (www.nybooks.com/articles/22614), says that in some cases it was alleged that health personnel “gave instructions to interrogators to continue, to adjust, or to stop particular methods.”

The revelations of the confidential report, which is based on statements of 14 detainees interviewed by Red …