tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Indications and Limitations of Afamelanotide for Treating Vitiligo—Reply
Authors: Henry W. Lim, Pearl E. Grimes, Mark Lebwohl
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Hereditary Hemochromatosis
Authors: Corwin Q. Edwards, Michael Carroll, Paul Bray, George E. Cartwright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We studied five patients with clinically manifest hemochromatosis and 19 of their siblings and children to define better the diagnostic criteria for stages of the disease. The earliest detectable abnormalities were an increase in hepatic-parenchymal-cell stainable iron, hepatic iron concentration, transferrin saturation and serum iron concentration. In contrast, urinary iron excretion after deferoxamine and serum ferritin concentration were usually normal in early iron loading. In either latent or clinically manifest disease, hepatic-parenchymal-cell stainable Iron was Grade 3 or 4; hepatic iron concentration was >250 μg per 100 mg; serum iron was >170 μg per 100 ml; transferrin saturation was >70 per cent; urinary iron excretion exceeded 2.2 mg per 24 hours; and serum ferritin usually exceeded 1000 ng per ml. Estimation of liver iron is the most sensitive method for detecting early disease. Urinary iron excretion and serum ferritin estimate the total body burden of iron in latent and clinically manifest disease. (N Engl J Med 297:7–13, 1977)
British Medical Association: Proceedings of Council
Authors: J. Howell
Journal: BMJ (1840)

tage from three weeks' enjoyment of the advantages of sea air and bathing, than from a course of medicine carefully and judiciously adopted for montlhs previously."We have said enough to convince the intelligent and benevolent of the great good which is likely to result from the establishment of the projected institution in the north.We are only further desirous of extending the benefits to other parts of the kingdom.There is a large manufac- tuiring population in the midland counties whiclh labour under the like diseases, scrofula, diseased joints, rheumatic affections, &c. which equally require attentiorq in this respect.Many of them might no doubt come within the sphere of operation of the northern infirmary, but others would be too far removed to benefit by that institution.For these, therefore, we trust the excellent example about to be afforded by North Wales, Cheshire, Lancashire, and West Yorkshire, will be followed by South Wales, Somer- setshire, Gloucestershire, and the nieighbouring counties.A sea-bathing infirmary, established on some paTt of the coast of Somersetshire, or North Devon, would provide for the wants in this respect of the midland district.Others might be set on foot on the southern and eastern coasts, vherein the condition of the population of the neighbouring counties is such as to require this mode of relief.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Andrew H. Soll, Wilfred M. Weinstein, John Kurata, Denis McCarthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Evidence has accumulated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause clinically important gastroduodenal ulcers. The pathogenesis, which involves the impairment of mucosal resistance to injury in an acid-peptic environment, is multifactorial and controversial. Ulcers caused by NSAIDs can occur either in mucosa inflamed because of infection with Helicobacter pylori or in histologically normal mucosa. The use of these drugs has been linked to an unexpectedly high incidence of ulcer complications, and a history of peptic ulcer disease is common in such cases. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs thus appear both to exacerbate an underlying peptic diathesis and to cause de novo ulcers. The association between the use of these drugs and ulcer complications is supported by ulcer prevalence data from cross-sectional studies, and by data from case-controlled and cohort studies, and from randomized, experimental trials. Drug-induced gastric ulcers have been prevented by misoprostol, but not by H2 blocker therapy. Several therapies have been reported to promote ulcer healing despite continued use of NSAIDs, but adequate controlled trials have not been done. Small gastric and duodenal ulcers readily heal, whereas larger gastric ulcers require vigorous and prolonged therapy. The relative efficacies of various therapies in preventing ulcers, healing ulcers, or preventing complications remain to be established.
Impact of hydrogenated fat consumption on endogenous cholesterol synthesis and susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein to oxidation in moderately hypercholesterolemic individuals
Authors: Marina Cuchel, Ursula S. Schwab, Peter J.H. Jones, Silke Vogel, Carol Lammi-Keefe, Zhengling Li, Jose Ordovas, Judith R. McNamara, Ernst J. Schaefer, Alice H. Lichtenstein
Journal: Metabolism (1996)
UK doctors protest at extension to nurses' prescribing powers
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Doctors' leaders have condemned the UK government's decision to give nurses and pharmacists virtually unlimited prescribing powers.

James Johnson, the BMA's chairman, has called for an urgent meeting with the secretary of state for health, Patricia Hewitt, to discuss the proposals, which took the BMA by surprise when they were announced last week. “It is difficult to see how healthcare professionals who are not trained to diagnose disease can safely prescribe appropriate treatment,” he said.

Mrs Hewitt told the chief nursing officers' annual conference in London last week that from spring …
Congenital heart disease in Down's syndrome: two year prospective early screening study.
Authors: T R Tubman, M D Shields, B G Craig, H C Mulholland, N C Nevin
Journal: BMJ (1991)

To determine the effectiveness of clinical examination, chest radiography, and electrocardiography compared with echocardiography in detecting congenital heart disease early in the life of children with Down's syndrome.Prospective two year screening survey.Regional paediatric cardiology service, Northern Ireland.81 newborn infants with Down's syndrome born in Northern Ireland between November 1987 and November 1989.Clinical examination, chest radiography, and electrocardiography soon after birth followed by cross sectional Doppler echocardiography.Diagnostic ability of clinical examination, radiography, and electrocardiography compared with echocardiographic findings.34 babies had congenital heart disease detected by echocardiography (13 had atrioventricular septal defects, seven secundum atrial septal defects, six a solitary patent ductus arteriosus, five isolated ventricular septal defects, and three combinations of heart defects). Individual examination methods were insensitive (the sensitivity of clinical examination was 0.53, of radiography 0.44, and of electrocardiography 0.41) but highly specific (the specificity of clinical examination was 0.94, of radiography 0.98, and of electrocardiography 1.0), although sensitivity improved when the three techniques were combined (the sensitivity was 0.71, the specificity 0.91).Echocardiography performed early in life can detect congenital heart disease that might otherwise be missed. Early detection may help prevent complications such as pulmonary vascular disease that may adversely affect the outcome of cardiac surgery.
Frequency of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2) in Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) and Their Contribution to Type 2 Cytokine Production in Human Asthma
Authors: Christina Christianson, Chaoyu Irvin, Iram Zafar, Yingfang Song, Weimin Liu, James Good, Donald Rollins, Magdalena M. Gorska, Richard Martin, Rafeul Alam
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Silent Injustice: True Stories of Innocent Women
Authors: R. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
War of the words
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

What we perceive as intelligence is 10% intellect and 90% presentation. A serious expression, the right accent, a knowledge of literature and classical music, and a propensity for attending the theatre are the trappings of the intelligent elite. At medical school you could know who the intelligent were: they were in the library with their intellectual status symbols, piles of thick textbooks and research papers, slowly digesting facts to be vomited up in exams.

For facts are the currency of the bright—safe, certain, yet often dangerously wrong. I was a crammer. My only books were lecture notes, illustrated guides, and …
Sans Serif Letters for Snellen Charts
Authors: Carlton Deederer
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  A modified Snellen's chart is p-oposed ( Amer J Ophthal  66: 750, 1969) which employs simplified Gothic characters, instead of those usually printed in Gothic Boston Breton type adorned with serifs. Most road signs are designed in the sans serif lettering, and it is suggested that vision-testing of automobile drivers might wisely be uone using charts printed in these letters, as illustrated (Figure).
A NEW EXTENSION SPLINT.
Authors: J. P. HETHERINGTON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

I am never called to treat a fracture of the hip or femur without feeling that I wish it could have been some other bone. Many methods of treatment have been tried, almost any one of which means that the patient must remain on his back for from four to six weeks. The pneumatic splint allows a patient to leave his bed, but the yielding air cushions do not give a stable point of extension and the splint is heavy. In bed the roll under the thigh and the rods down the back of the legs lack comfort. Several years ago I studied the various methods of obtaining the upper bearing. Some surgeons used the perineum and others the axilla for the various extensions and crutch splints. I talked with the makers of artificial legs, and nearly all advised a hard, firm substance, slightly padded, for an artificial leg socket,
Increased Medial Degradation With Pseudo-Aneurysm Formation in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice Deficient in Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1
Authors: Vincent Lemaître, Paul D. Soloway, Jeanine D’Armiento
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions, where it may play a critical role in regulating the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Several MMPs are overexpressed in the atherosclerotic plaque, and they are believed to contribute to the expansion and rupture of the lesion. Methods and Results— The Timp-1 –knockout mouse model ( Timp-1 −/− ) was crossed into the apolipoprotein E–knockout (apoE0) background. A study population of male apoE0 mice, half of them deficient in TIMP-1, was fed an atherogenic diet. After 10 weeks of the diet, the mean lesion sizes of the two groups of animals were not significantly different, and the average content of fibrillar collagen and macrophages in the lesions was similar. There was no sign of plaque hemorrhage, even after 22 weeks of high-fat diet, indicating that deficiency in TIMP-1 does not predispose to luminal rupture. However the atherosclerotic lesions of the Timp-1 −/0 mice developed more aortic medial ruptures, in which all elastic lamellae of the media were degraded and infiltrated with macrophages, forming pseudo-microaneurysms. After 10 weeks of high-fat diet, the Timp-1 −/0 /apoE0 mice averaged 1.9±1.2 medial ruptures in the proximal aorta, compared with 0.5±0.7 for the apoE0 controls ( P &lt;0.003). At the site of degradation, in situ zymography revealed that the gelatinolytic activity, mainly associated with macrophages, could be abolished by the addition of MMP inhibitors. Conclusions— These data strongly suggest that TIMP-1 plays a key role in preventing medial degradation associated with atherosclerosis through its ability to inhibit the MMPs that are involved in the disruption of the media.
Phase II Study of Taxol in Patients With Untreated Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: W. K. Murphy, F. V. Fossella, R. J. Winn, D. M. Shin, H. E. Hynes, H. M. Gross, E. Davilla, J. Leimert, H. Dhingra, M. N. Raber, I. H. Krakoff, W. K. Hong
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Background : Taxol, a complex plant product (a diterpene) extracted from the bark of Taxus brevifolia , has demonstrated substantial anticancer activity in ovarian and breast cancers, malignant melanoma, and acute myelogenous leukemia. Due to allergic reactions in phase I and early phase II studies, use of a 24-hour infusion of taxol with prophylactic dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and cimetidine has been recommended. Purpose : In this phase II study, we attempted to determine the efficacy and toxicity of taxol in patients with advanced (stage IIIB or IV) non-small-cell lung cancer who had never received chemotherapy. Methods : Patients were not excluded because of prior surgery or because of radiotherapy administered more than 4 weeks before study entry. Taxol was administered in the hospital at a dose of 200 mg/m 2 as an intravenous infusion over 24 hours and repeated every 3 weeks, provided that patients had recovered from any toxic effects. Dexamethasone, cimetidine, and diphenhydramine were given before chemotherapy to prevent hypersensitivity reactions. Therapy was continued for at least two courses unless there was repid disease progression and for at least three courses if no change was observed and no grade 3 or 4 toxic effects occurred. Treatment was continued for six more courses after maximum response or for two more courses after complete remission but was discontinued if disease progressed. Results : Of the 27 patients entered in the study, 25 were assessable for toxic effects and response. One patient had an allergic reaction that was not life threatening. The overall response rate was 24% (one complete response and five partial responses). An additional seven patients (28%) had minor responses. Granulocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxic effect, and neutropenic fever occurred in eight of 118 courses. One additional patient developed neutropenic sepsis with hypotension but recovered with intensive treatment. Conclusions : Taxol appears to have activity against non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Implications : A phase II study combining taxol, etoposide, and cisplatin and using hematopoietic stimulating factors is now proposed. The optimal dose for combination chemotherapy has yet to be determined. An important consideration is potential cardiac effects of taxol with other drugs. [J Natl Cancer Inst 85:384–388, 1993]
Science commentary: HLA typing
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Background</h3> It is puzzling to note that British and Danish citizens have a poorer cancer prognosis than citizens from other countries, and this study hypothesises that their low cancer survival could be partly rooted in the gatekeeper function undertaken by general practice in these two countries. <h3>Aim</h3> To test the association between principles of gatekeeper systems and cancer survival. <h3>Design and setting</h3> An ecologic study with data from EUROCARE-4 and primary care structure. <h3>Method</h3> This hypothesis was tested in an ecologic study on the association between three principles of gatekeeper systems and cancer survival in 19 European countries for which valid and full data were available. <h3>Results</h3> It was found that healthcare systems with a gatekeeper system do have a significantly lower 1-year relative cancer survival than systems without such gatekeeperfunctions. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The possible mechanisms behind this finding are discussed, and while all the positive aspects of gatekeeping are recognised, it is strongly recommended that further research be conducted to confirm or reject the study hypothesis on this possible serious adverse effect of gatekeeping.
Meet Rudy, the world's first “robodoc”
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

E3 ubiquitin ligases have been placed among the essential molecules involved in the regulation of T cell functions and T cell tolerance. However, it has never been experimentally proven in vivo whether these functions indeed depend on the catalytic E3 ligase activity. The Casitas B-cell lymphoma (Cbl) family protein <i>Cbl-b</i> was the first E3 ubiquitin ligase directly implicated in the activation and tolerance of the peripheral T cell. In this study, we report that selective genetic inactivation of <i>Cbl-b</i> E3 ligase activity phenocopies the T cell responses observed when total <i>Cbl-b</i> is ablated, resulting in T cell hyperactivation, spontaneous autoimmunity, and impaired induction of T cell anergy in vivo. Moreover, mice carrying a <i>Cbl-b</i> E3 ligase-defective mutation spontaneously reject tumor cells that express human papilloma virus Ags. These data demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that the catalytic function of an E3 ligase, <i>Cbl-b</i>, is essential for negative regulation of T cells in vivo. Thus, modulation of the E3 ligase activity of <i>Cbl-b</i> might be a novel modality to control T cell immunity in vaccination, cancer biology, or autoimmunity.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CAROTID ARTERIES SHOW SIMILAR ACCURACY IN THE PREDICTION OF MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Georgios Benetos, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Maria Drakopoulou, Archontoula Michelongona, Charalampia Nikolaou, Constantina Masoura, Konstantinos Stathogiannis, Constantina Aggeli, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Elias Siores, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
AN ABSORBABLE PLATE FOR USE IN THE OPEN TREATMENT OF FRACTURES
Authors: ALEXIUS McGLANNAN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The fixation apparatus I have to present consists of plates and pegs made from animal bone. This apparatus is sterilized by boiling and then applied directly on the bone in a manner similar to that used with the non-absorbable plate. Holes are drilled through the plate and into the fragments after reduction, and the pegs are then driven in and sawed off a short distance from the plate. The length of the peg left varies with the depth of the wound. Two pegs are put into each fragment. I have also an intermedullary splint, turned from animal bone. This splint has a hole drilled at each end through which is thrended a catght suture. In using this, one fragment of the fractured bone is dislocated out of the wound far enough to make the medullary camal accessible. A hole is dirlled through the cortex about 1 inch above the break
Bone Tumors in Identical Twins
Authors: WILLIAM L. SCHEY, STEVEN M. PINSKY, MELVIN POST
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1977)

Twin sisters were thriving and well until age 10. One sister developed a malignant bone tumor of her tibia. She was admitted to Michael Reese Medical Center and treated with irradiation, surgery and chemotherapy. While hospitalized, her asymptomatic sister was investigated and found to have a positive bone scan. This led to the discovery of a humeral lesion which proved to be a benign neoplasm.
Comparison of epicardial and body surface ECG potentials in man
Authors: D. M MONRO, P. J BONES, R. D. L STANBRlDGE, R. W JONES
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Journal Article Comparison of epicardial and body surface ECG potentials in man Get access DONALD M MONRO, DONALD M MONRO **From the Biomedical Signals and Images Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PHILIP J BONES, PHILIP J BONES **From the Biomedical Signals and Images Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar REX DE L STANBRlDGE, REX DE L STANBRlDGE †From the Waller Cardiopulmonary Unit, St Mary's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RUSSELL W JONES RUSSELL W JONES †From the Waller Cardiopulmonary Unit, St Mary's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 20, Issue 3, March 1986, Pages 201–207, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/20.3.201 Published: 01 March 1986