tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Technic in Treatment of Alcoholism.
Authors: Maurice Duane Bird
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Marinette, Wis., Jan. 5, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your editorial inThe Journal, January 2, on "Technic in Treatment of Alcoholism," suggested by the paper of Dr. J. F. Kelley in the<i>Cleveland Medical Journal</i>, calls for a comment. It has been my custom for some time to stop the alcohol at once, and I have never been sorry for so doing. A brief outline of treatment may be of interest: If, after an examination, the patient is found filled with liquor, he is given an emetic of apomorphia, 1/10 gr. will produce the desired results; then he is given a hot bath and put to bed, no restraint being used; the few cases in which a straight jacket or other appliances were used seemed to me to show that harm rather than good was produced. Alcohol in all its forms is stopped, and hot milk given every two hours,
Consequences of Rape: Clinical and Treatment Aspects
Authors: Carol C. Nadelson
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

Sexual abuse has both short-term and long-term clinical repercussions, including eating disorders, substance abuse, sleep disturbances and psychiatric symptoms, e.g depression, anxiety, phobias and PTSD. This paper will describe short- and long-term responses, including PTSD, and it will consider treatment implications, emphasizing specific aspects of the approach to the sexual abuse victim.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis and Asplenia
Authors: FREDERICK B. ROSE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1982Disseminated Histoplasmosis and AspleniaFREDERICK B. ROSE, M.D., CAROL J. CAMP, M.S., MICHAEL CHISDAK, M.D.FREDERICK B. ROSE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CAROL J. CAMP, M.S.Search for more papers by this author, MICHAEL CHISDAK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-6-790_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the article by Wheat and associates concluding that age greater than 54 years and immuno-suppression were the only risk factors for disseminated or fatal histoplasmosis (1). In view of the increased risk of overwhelming bacterial disease in asplenic patients (2-5), we question whether asplenism may contribute also to dissemination of fungal disease. Recently we cared for a surgically asplenic but otherwise healthy man who presented with a perplexing long-term fever of undetermined origin until Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from bone marrow and blood cultures.On 24 September 1980, a 29-year-old truckdriver sustained minor...References1. WHEATSLAMANORTON LTJ. Risk factors for disseminated or fatal histoplasmosis. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:159-63. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ERAKLISKEVYDIAMONDGROSS ASLR. Hazard of overwhelming infection after splenectomy in childhood. N Engl J Med. 1967;276:1225-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LIKHITE V. Immunological impairment and susceptibility to infection after splenectomy. JAMA. 1976;236:1376-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GOPALBISNO VA. Fulminant pneumococcal infections in 'normal' asplenic hosts. Arch Intern Med. 1977;137:1526-30. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. AUSTRIAN R. Prevention of fatal bacterial infection in patients with anatomic or functional asplenia [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96: 117-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: FREDERICK B. ROSE, M.D.; CAROL J. CAMP, M.S.; MICHAEL CHISDAK, M.D.Affiliations: The Robert Packer Hospital Guthrie Clinic, Ltd. Sayre, PA 18840 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byProgressive disseminated histoplasmosis mimicking a flare of systemic lupus erythematosus: a European case reportFungal Infections in Immunocompromised TravelersPostsplenectomy sepsis and its mortality rate: Actual versus perceived risksMeningitis after SplenectomyCandidose pulmonaire et cutanée compliquant une leucémie à tricholeucocytes 1 June 1982Volume 96, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 790-790KeywordsBacterial diseasesBloodBone marrowFeversFungal diseasesHistoplasma capsulatumHistoplasmosisMedical risk factors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Drug-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P71 Relationship between quadriceps rectus femoris cross-sectional area and health related quality of life in patients following critical illness
Authors: B. Connolly, J. Moxham, N. Hart
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Quadriceps rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RF<sub>CSA</sub>) is considered a useful marker of quadriceps strength with a 20% reduction in RF<sub>CSA</sub> observed in critically ill patients at 10 days after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). This has clinical importance in patients following the acute critical illness episode as it is postulated that quadriceps muscle wasting reduces quadriceps muscle strength and as a consequence impairs physical activity and health-related quality of life (HRQL). We therefore hypothesised that RF<sub>CSA</sub> would have a direct relationship with HRQL. <h3>Method</h3> Patients were assessed within 48 h of discharge from the ICU to the ward as part of an ongoing multicentre randomised controlled trial. RF<sub>CSA</sub> was determined using real-time B-mode ultrasonography using an 8MHz 5.6 cm linear transducer (PLM805, Toshiba Medical Systems Ltd, Crawley, UK) at a distance three-fifths from anterior superior iliac spine to the superior patellar border. HRQL was measured using the self-reported hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale and the short form-36 v2 (SF-36) questionnaire. Higher scores indicate better HRQL from the SF-36 questionnaire and lower scores indicate better HRQL from the HAD scale. <h3>Results</h3> 17 post critical care patients were recruited. Mean age was 60.7±14.9 years with 64.7% (n=11) female. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.0±6.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and fat-free mass index (FFMI) was 16.8±3.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The correlations between RF<sub>CSA</sub> and HRQL are shown in Abstract P71 table 1. <h3>Conclusion</h3> RF<sub>CSA</sub> was correlated with HRQL, including HAD scale and the SF-36 mental functioning domain, but there was no relationship with the SF-36 physical function domain and RF<sub>CSA</sub>. Although this was an unexpected finding, it reflects the limitations of the SF-36 physical function domain to separate those patients that have a marked reduction in independent physical activity following discharge from ICU. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between muscle wasting, strength, physical activity and quality of life in these patients following critical illness.
Depression and HIV How Does One Affect the Other?
Authors: Samuel Perry
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease varies widely. Some patients deteriorate rapidly while others live for years, even after an illness that defines the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The reasons for these different rates of decline are not known, but psychosocial variables have been put on the list of possible host factors.<sup>1</sup>The notion has been that one's adaptive coping or fighting spirit might somehow delay or even prevent HIV's inexorable attack—and conversely, that distress and despair might measurably accelerate progression of the disease. See also pp 2563 and 2568. Such a notion is based on more than the understandable hope that one's mind can prevail over an illness with no known medical cure. Accumulating evidence supports the belief held since Hippocrates that vigor, resilience, and perceived support are associated with more favorable medical outcomes.<sup>2</sup>Furthermore, stress and depression have been shown to affect the immune
The Mitochondrion: Molecular Basis of Structure and Function
Authors: Edgar B. Taft
Journal: JAMA (1964)

It is a pleasure to read this superb monograph on the mitochondrion, the first in a series to be devoted to microbial and molecular biology. Dr. Lehninger has exhibited a remarkable ability to live up to stringent editorial criteria. He is comprehensive and up to date, without sacrificing clarity through efforts to be exhaustive in reviewing relevant papers. The many discussions of the relation of structure and function in mitochondria, the cytoplasmic power plants of aerobic cells, form one of the most exciting aspects of the book. Chapters dealing with oxidation cycles, the respiratory chain, mechanisms of electron transport, oxidative phosphorylation and control are the basis of the presentation. Each chapter is introduced by a brief summary that often connects the material to follow with that in the other sections of the monograph. The diagrams, electron micrographs, and other illustrations are of good quality.  Of particular interest to the reviewer
TRACHOMA AMONG THE INDIANS
Authors: J. W. SCHERESCHEWSKY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The destructive effects of trachoma on the eyesight and the difficulty and tediousness of effecting a cure are so well known that the apparent rarity of the disease in continental America has, until recently, been a cause for congratulation. It is true that, prior to 1897, cases of trachoma in recently landed immigrants were common enough in the eye clinics of our large cities. Since the time, however, when trachoma was classed by the federal authorities as a dangerous contagious disease, the exclusion of aliens so afflicted has been made mandatory by law and every arriving alien is examined to determine the presence or the absence of the disease in question. As trachoma does not originate,<i>de novo</i>, in any uninfected territory, and its presence in any locality can be ascribed to previous importation, the action of the government in excluding persons afflicted with a communicable disease so likely to
Global and unbiased detection of splice junctions from RNA-seq data
Authors: Adam Ameur, Anna Wetterbom, Lars Feuk, Ulf Gyllensten
Journal: Genome biology (2010)

Abstract We have developed a new strategy for de novo prediction of splice junctions in short-read RNA-seq data, suitable for detection of novel splicing events and chimeric transcripts. When tested on mouse RNA-seq data, &gt;31,000 splice events were predicted, of which 88% bridged between two regions separated by ≤100 kb, and 74% connected two exons of the same RefSeq gene. Our method also reports genomic rearrangements such as insertions and deletions.
Primary cutaneous plasmacytoma: treatment with intralesional tumour necrosis factor-α
Authors: R. TSUBOI, R. MORIOKA, H. YAGUCHI, R. SHIMOKAWA, M. INABA, H. OGAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

We report a case of primary multiple cutaneous plasmacytomas, without underlying multiple myeloma, treated with intralesional tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNE‐α). A marked reduction in tumour size, with no significant adverse effects, suggests that intralesional TNF‐α is an effective treatment for non‐solid malignant tumours. Extramedullary plasmacytoma, especially involving the skin as a primary site, has rarely been reported in the English literature. We describe the ninth reported case of multiple cutaneous plasmacytomas without underlying multiple myeloma. Intralesional tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) was used to treat this disease and its anti‐tumour effect quantitatively evaluated by comparing the tumour size and histological change before and after treatment.
INCREASED THICKNESS OF AORTIC AND CORONARY WALL, AND CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED AORTIC DISTENSIBILITY IN SUBJECTS WITHOUT CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM (FROM THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS [MESA])
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Cuilian Miao, Songshou Mao, Junichiro Takasu, Khurram Nasir, W. Craig Johnson, Joseph F. Polak, David Bluemke, Gregory Hundley, Joao A. Lima, Matthew Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The Clinical Value of Esophageal Motility Study
Authors: Bernard R. Cohen, Harold P. Lazar, Bernard S. Wolf, Henry D. Janowitz
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Modern investigation of patients with disorders of esophageal function should include an esophageal motility study in addition to esophagoscopy and roentgenologic investigation. The technique is easily performed and is applicable to clinical problems of persistent dysphagia, heartburn, or chest pain inadequately explained by other diagnostic methods. Cases of suspected achalasia, scleroderma, hiatus hernia, diffuse spasm, and esophagitis may be identified by esophageal motility study. Diagnostic application of the technique is demonstrated by illustrative cases from a large group of patients.
Abnormal Captopril Renal Scintigraphy in a Case of Renal Artery Branch Stenosis
Authors: G A Wells, H S Smith, D W Trepashko, E P MacCarthy
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A case of renovascular hypertension in a young woman is presented. Both the scintigraphic and radiographic evaluation revealed characteristic findings of a branch artery stenosis to the right kidney.
Interaction of Drug-Abusing Mother, Fetus, Types of Drugs Examined in Numerous Studies
Authors: Suzann Silverman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

WHEN a pregnant woman takes a drug, she risks spontaneous abortion or stillbirth. If her infant survives, it may suffer from effects ranging from temporary irritability to seizure or occasional physical birth defects. Which condition occurs depends on both the type of drug and the amount that the fetus absorbs, according to Hazel Szeto, MD, Cornell University Medical Center, New York City. The amount of drug absorbed, in turn, depends on its lipid solubility, she says. A less lipid-soluble substance, like morphine, will not pass as easily through the placenta and will therefore not cause as great adverse effects as a more lipidsoluble substance, such as methadone. <h3>Fetus Has Defenses</h3> But the fetus is not helpless against highly lipid-soluble drugs, Szeto says. It can defend itself. Szeto found, in a study on the effects of opiates on pregnant ewes, that the fetus clears drugs not only by renal elimination and
Ten year follow up of ulcerative colitis patients with and without low grade dysplasia
Authors: C H Lim
Journal: Gut (2003)

Low grade dysplasia (LGD) is believed to predispose to colorectal cancer (CRC), and proctocolectomy has been advocated when this is identified. Between 1978 and 1990, 160 patients with longstanding extensive ulcerative colitis (UC) were recruited for annual colonoscopic surveillance and 40 developed LGD at some stage. We report the outcome of this cohort 10 years after the original study ended.Retrospective cohort study and histopathological review of the original diagnoses of LGD. The outcome of 158/160 (98.8%) patients was established in 2000.Of the 128 patients still alive and with an intact colon at the end of 1990, two were not traceable, 29 had LGD, and 97 had no dysplasia (controls). After 10 years, high grade dysplasia (HGD) or CRC developed in 3/29 LGD (10%) and in 4/97 controls (4.0%). Kaplan-Meier analysis from 1991 to death or colectomy did not show a statistically significant difference between the two groups (log rank test p=0.63). Histopathological review demonstrated the unreliability of LGD diagnosis. Agreement between pathologists was uniformly poor: kappa <0.4 for all comparisons.LGD diagnosis is not sufficiently reliable to justify prophylactic colectomy. Conservative management of established LGD cases should not be ruled out.
Abstract LB-197: Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activator (HGFA) Inhibitors of c-MET/RON Kinase Signaling
Authors: James W. Janetka, Manjula Agarwal, Darin E. Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Continuous advances have been made in the treatment of cancer however 70% of the patients still die of cancer every year strongly correlated to tumor metastasis. The treatment options available at present are rarely able to effectively treat metastatic cancer. Targeting hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling with receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors is a well-developed strategy for metastatic cancer therapy however no studies have explored targets upstream of kinase activation. One such target is hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) which is upregulated in a large number of cancer cell lines and patient samples. HGFA is a trypsin-like serine protease which stimulates both the c-MET and RON signaling pathways by proteolysis of the inactive single-chain zymogen growth factor ligand precursors to activated two-chain HGF and macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) respectively. Increased activation of these pathways has been shown to trigger a number of downstream signaling events necessary for metastasis including cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The present study was undertaken to discover inhibitors of HGFA based on the naturally occurring bicyclic peptide, sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI). Using a combination of solution and solid-phase peptide methods, we have synthesized the natural product SFTI and analogs thereof. The compounds were tested for HGFA activity in a competitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay of proteolytic cleavage by using a fluorogenic peptide substrate. We have identified several inhibitors of HGFA with low μM activity in the FRET assay. We have also demonstrated one inhibitor effectively prevented the conversion of native pro-HGF to HGF as determined by western blotting in a biochemical assay of HGFA activity. This ground breaking discovery of novel HGFA inhibitors will enable future studies on the role of HGFA and other serine proteases in the regulation of growth factors, cell signaling, and cancer metastasis. Inhibitors of HGFA offer an innovative therapeutic strategy upstream of kinase activation and signaling for the treatment of metastatic cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-197. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-197
Public Release of Clinical Outcomes Data — Online CABG Report Cards
Authors: Timothy G. Ferris, David F. Torchiana
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

On September 7, 2010, Consumers Union (publisher of Consumer Reports) reported the results of coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures at 221 U.S. cardiac surgery programs.1 The voluntary reporting of risk-adjusted outcomes in approximately 20% of U.S. cardiac surgery programs is a watershed event in health care accountability.The reported ratings derive from a registry developed by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in 1989. More than 90% of the approximately 1100 U.S. cardiac surgery programs participate in the registry. Registry data are collected from patients' charts and include key outcomes such as complications and death, the severity of preoperative . . .
The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Insulin Resistance in the Framingham Offspring Cohort
Authors: Jeanene J. Fogli-Cawley, Johanna T. Dwyer, Edward Saltzman, Marjorie L. McCullough, Lisa M. Troy, James B. Meigs, Paul F. Jacques
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between a diet consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), as assessed by the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Adherence Index (DGAI), and measures of insulin resistance in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort.We examined cross-sectional associations between DGAI score and degree of insulin resistance as measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting insulin in 3,082 participants in the Framingham Offspring Cohort fifth examination (January 1991-June 1995).Participants in the highest quintile category of the DGAI score had significantly lower HOMA-IR than those in the lowest quintile category after adjusting for age, sex, and waist circumference (6.4 compared with 6.7, P = 0.04). We observed a significant interaction between DGAI score and sex, and upon stratification, the association appeared to be largely confined to women (5.9 compared with 6.6, P < 0.001). No association was apparent in men (7.2 compared with 7.1, P = 0.30). Similar associations were evident between the DGAI score and fasting insulin.Consumption of a diet consistent with the 2005 DGA may be an effective means to limit insulin resistance in women.
Lessons from patients' journeys
Authors: P. Lapsley
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Background:</b> A subgroup of patients with autoimmune liver diseases (primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), autoimmune hepatitis (AH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) have concomitant lung involvement as extrahepatic manifestation. In some cases lung disease (LD) occurs first and predominate in the clinical course. The objective of our trial was to assess association of LD with other clinical and laboratory signs in autoimmune liver diseases. <b>Methods:</b> 70 patients with autoimmune liver diseases were observed at the Sechenov University in 2018: 19 with PBC, 24 – AH, 6 – PSC, 10 – PBC + AH, 11- PSC + AH. Diagnosis, age, gender, clinical and laboratory signs have been compared in patients with and without LD. <b>Results:</b> Computed tomography revealed LD in 37 (52,9%) cases. It occurred significantly more often in patients with PBC (OR = 6,9; 95% CI 2,1-22,5; p &lt; 0,01). Patients with LD had later onset of the disease (43,6 ±12,7 and 32,2±17,2 yrs with and without LD). Among all complaints pruritis and sicca syndrome were associated with the presence of LD (OR = 6,2; 95% CI 1,9-20,0; p &lt; 0,01 and OR = 12,0; 95% CI 1,4-99,4; p &lt; 0,01). Such laboratory tests as ESR (43,0±20,3 and 22,5±16,4 mm/h with and without LD; p &lt; 0,01), alkaline phosphatase (743±677 and 393±362 U/l with and without LD; p = 0,021) and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity (249±276 and 105±104 U/l with and without LD; p = 0,016), immunoglobuline A level (2,35±0,78 and 1,89±0,75 g/l with and without LD; p = 0,025) were higher in patients with LD. <b>Conclusion:</b> The results indicate the correlation between the presence of LD and some clinical and laboratory features in patients with autoimmune liver diseases, that must be taken into account in the diagnosis of these diseases.