tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-specific effects of vaccination
Authors: Peter Aaby, Henrik Jensen, Christine Stabell Benn, Ida Maria Lisse
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—Vaugelade et al found the BCG and diphtheria-tetanus and pertussis vaccines (DTP) to be associated with reductions in mortality greater than expected from disease prevention.1 However, as they admit, dead vaccinated children may have been misclassified because their vaccination cards were destroyed.

In a survival analysis using vaccination dates as time dependent covariates, surviving children change status at date of vaccination even though vaccinations …
Thalidomide treatment of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: B. NAAFS, E.J.M. BARKERS, J. FLINTERMAN, W.R. FABBR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Thalidomide treatment of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus Get access B. NAAFS, B. NAAFS Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of the University of Amsterdam, Binnengasthius Dr B.Naafs, University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.J.M. BARKERS, E.J.M. BARKERS Department of Dermatology, Diakonessenhuis, Naarden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. FLINTERMAN, J. FLINTERMAN Department of Dermatology, Hospital 'De Lichtenberg', Amersfoort, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.R. FABBR W.R. FABBR Department of Dermatology, Hospital 'De Lichtenberg', Amersfoort, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 107, Issue 1, 1 July 1982, Pages 83–86, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00294.x Published: 01 July 1982 Article history Accepted: 21 September 1981 Published: 01 July 1982
Physicians' Guide to the Etiology and Treatment of Diarrhea
Authors: Richard V. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<i>Physicians' Guide to the Etiology and Treatment of Diarrhea</i>is an expanded English translation of a 1977 Spanish language text by the same authors. It contains 367 pages divided into four sections, an index, and 64 chapters and appendices. The plethora of individual subjects, many treated with laudable brevity, inevitably leads to some duplication. This is especially true of the section on diarrheal disease, which provides separate, noncontiguous chapters for 33 entities and in which granulomatous colitis (chapter 36) is treated separately from regional enteritis (chapter 43), and bacterial overgrowth syndromes (chapter 54) are isolated from gastrointestinal (GI) scleroderma (chapter 46) and diabetic diarrhea (chapter 58). The authors' purposes and the readers' edification might have been served better by grouping related pathophysiological phenomena together. The first section deals with normal and disturbed physiology. There are some inconsistencies, which may reflect translation, not accuracy. For example, the statement that the ileum
Zambia scraps healthcare fees for poor rural people
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The government of Zambia last week introduced free health care in rural areas. It scrapped the user fees that had made health care largely inaccessible to millions of people living below the poverty line in one of Africa's poorest countries.

The British charity Oxfam, which aims to alleviate poverty around the world, said that Zambia's move was made possible through using money from the cancellation of debt and the increases in aid agreed at last July's summit at Gleneagles of the G8 group of wealthiest countries, when Zambia received $4bn (£2.3bn; €3.3bn) in debt relief.

“This is one of the first concrete examples of how the …
STUDIES IN FERMENT ACTION
Authors: James W. Jobling, Solomon Strouse
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

This work proves that the proteolytic action of leucocytes is not a simple cleavage by one ferment. There are present two proteases, one acting in an alkaline medium and the other in an acid medium. This confirms Opie's work. In the leucocytes there was found in addition an ereptic ferment which is capable of acting in an acid or alkaline medium. Since this action is lost by heating to 70 degrees C., and by drying and keeping the leucocytes, it probably represents a ferment which acts on the digestion products of the two proteases. Analogy with other ferments in the body confirms this opinion.
US health improvements stagnate
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

After progress during the 1990s, the rate of Americans' health improvement has almost stalled in the last five years. America's Health Rankings 2005 showed that health in the United States had improved by only 0.3% each year since 2000; in the 1990s it had improved by 1.5% each year.

“We don't know the reason why,” said Reed Tuckson, vice president of the United Health Foundation. “This report alerts public health people. We haven't made progress since 2000. It's a flat line.”

The foundation released the report with the American Public Health Association and Partnership for Prevention. Dr Reed told the BMJ that he was convening the report's expert committee, chaired by the school of public health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, to look at the complex …
Caffeine, a drug for all seasons
Authors: Bruce N. Cronstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)

Increased caffeine consumption is associated with reduced hepatic fibrosis. Apurva A. Modi, Jordan J. Feld, Yoon Park,David E. Kleiner, James E. Everhart, T. Jake Liang, Jay H. Hoofnagle. Hepatology, 2010 Jan;51(1):201-9.
Endoscopic Ultrasonography-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Lymph Nodes
Authors: K. F. Binmoeller, H. Seifert, N. Soehendra
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

The recent introduction of convex linear array echoendoscopes equipped with a biopsy channel has made fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) under direct endosonographic guidance possible. Because the imaging and instrumentation planes overlap, the operator can visualize a biopsy needle lengthwise as it enters the sector-shaped sound field. We performed EUS-guided FNAB of lymph nodes in seven patients who met the following criteria: (1) Lymph node size over > 1 cm; (2) no endoscopic or endosonographic evidence for tumor involvement of bowel wall interposed between the lymph node and the transducer; and (3) absence of coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia. A positive tissue yield was obtained in six patients, of whom five had malignant cells identified on cytology. The patient with an inadequate yield had a dry aspirate, possibly related to prior irradiation treatment for esophageal carcinoma. No procedure-related complications were observed. We conclude that EUS-guided FNAB of lymph nodes is technically feasible, provides a high diagnostic yield, and appears to be safe. Further studies to determine the sensitivity and specificity of this novel procedure are warranted.
US Supreme Court approves ban on “partial birth abortion”
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The nine member US Supreme Court ruled five to four last week to ban the “partial birth abortion” procedure in the United States. The court upheld a federal law banning the procedure that was passed by Congress in 2003. The law had been challenged in the courts for lacking an exception to protect women's health, not just their lives.

Many commentators called the decision the most important ruling on abortion in 30 years.

The day after the Supreme Court ruling, two Democrats, Senator Barbara Boxer of California and Representative Jerrold Nadler of New York, introduced bills in the Senate and House of Representatives that would prevent government from interfering with a woman's right to bear a child or end a pregnancy. Nadler said, “We can no longer rely on the Supreme Court to protect a woman's constitutional right to choose.”

This week the New England Journal of Medicine joined the debate. Jeffrey Drazen, the journal's editor in chief, said in an early release editorial that the Supreme Court “was practising medicine without a licence.”

In another article, Michael Greene, director of obstetrics at Massachusetts General Hospital, wrote that US doctors lacked confidence in the judicial system and might avoid carrying …
Morphologic Constitution and Smoking
Authors: Arnold L. Flick
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I read the article by C. C. Seltzer (<i>JAMA</i><b>183</b>:639 [Feb 23] 1963) with interest, and if not for his aftersection entitled, "Some Speculations," would have passed it without comment. I will not dwell on the "statistically significant" differences between smokers and nonsmokers which make much of a difference in weight of 5 lb and a difference in height of 1 cm. I will simply call to the reader's attention the fact that he reports these anthropological measurements in four significant figures, ie, measurements not only fine enough to detect a recent bowel movement or a relaxed postural stance but almost fine enough to detect a recent belch or an overdue haircut. I will simply emphasize that the greatest differences reported in bodily measurement exist between nonsmokers and cigar smokers; the least differences exist between nonsmokers and cigarette smokers. This relationship of differences is opposite to
Standardization of the Oral Glucose-Tolerance Test
Authors: CLIFFORD F. GASTINEAU
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Editorial Notes1 November 1969Standardization of the Oral Glucose-Tolerance TestCLIFFORD F. GASTINEAU, M.D.CLIFFORD F. GASTINEAU, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-5-1023 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe committee on Statistics of the American Diabetes Association has recently recommended a procedure for conducting oral glucose-tolerance tests (Diabetes 18: 299, 1969). In surveys of prevalence of this disorder the manner of testing for diabetes has varied considerably. Glucose-tolerance tests with different loading doses, times of collection of specimens and different means of collecting, preserving, and analyzing specimens have been used, and the results have been varied. Furthermore, arbitrary criteria for diagnosis of diabetes have sometimes been adopted and the results published simply as positive or negative rather than giving the actual figures observed.Standardization of the procedure is...References1. An error in calculation of the method for making the glucose solution as published has been corrected in reprints and in an erratum in Diabetes 18: 454, 1969. Google Scholar2. COOPERMCDANIELS RGV: Workshop Manual on Methods for Determination of Glucose, American Society of Clinical Pathologists, 1966. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Section of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation Rochester, Minn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySTANDARDIZATION AND EVALUATION OF THE ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST 1 November 1969Volume 71, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 1023-1024 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic Manometry of the Sphincter of Oddi and Pancreatic Duct in Patients with Papillary Stenosis
Authors: T. Ochi, S. Nakazawa, Y. Naito, Y. Tsukamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

The function of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) in patients with papillary stenosis was evaluated using endoscopic manometry to determine its possible contribution to pancreatic dysfunction. A total of 30 patients with papillary stenosis were divided into two groups according to the pattern of narrowing of the sphincter zone observed in ERCP studies: group A, a mild form, and group B, a severe form. Group C (control) comprised 12 subjects with no abnormality of the pancreas or biliary system. The SO contraction pressure was significantly higher in group A (115.1 mmHg) than in groups B (79.2) and C (91.1). The SO basal pressure in groups A (11.5 mmHg) and B (10.3) was significantly higher than in group C (5.8). The pancreatic duct pressure in group A (15.5 mmHg) was significantly higher than in group C (9.7), while group B (11.1) showed an intermediate value. The increase in pancreatic duct pressure following intravenous secretin was significantly greater in groups A and C than in B. The BT-PABA test in groups A and C revealed a normal value in contrast to group B. A significant correlation was observed between these two factors. The function of both the SO and the pancreas thus appears to be abnormal in patients with severe narrowing of the SO and papillary stenosis.
Doctors' retainer scheme.
Authors: N. Toynton
Journal: BMJ (1992)

who want to spend more time with their children or to retrain in another specialty, or the middle aged doctor with elderly dependants.Conversely, women may be inhibited from pursuing part time options for fear of damaging their careers or committing themselves to interminable training.The royal colleges remain rigid in their training requirements and insist that half time training is twice as long, although the trainees may be attending proportionately more educational sessions and have more time for reflection than their full time colleagues.Perhaps most important is the low value still placed on part time work and the reluctance to take it to the top, whether in nursing, general management, or medicine.Part time working must now be considered integral to any staff planning exercise, not grafted on as an afterthought.The existing national schemes have achieved some of their objectives, notably a fall in female medical unemployment.The current high profile at the centre is welcome; only the Department of Health could encourage a conservative body like the Royal College of Surgeons to publicise part time training (as it is doing through its Women in Surgical Training Scheme).What we need now is more room for local initiatives and flexibility within the national staffing frameworks.Whether the new look market NHS will provide this flexibility is uncertain.
Physico-chemical Characteristics of "Matrix Substance A" as Recovered from the Urine and Matrix of Patients with Urinary Calculi.
Authors: W. H. Boyce
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Physico-chemical Characteristics of "Matrix Substance A" as Recovered from the Urine and Matrix of Patients with Urinary Calculi.W. H. Boyce, M.D.W. H. Boyce, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-741_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA mucoprotein detected in the matrix of urinary calculi by immunological techniques has been recovered from the urine of patients forming urinary calculi. There is some positive correlation between the presence of this material in the urine and the rate and rapidity with which renal calculi have recently formed. No immunologically similar material has been recovered from normal urine, normal kidneys, or a number of body fluids and exudates. Immunologically similar material has been recovered from the kidneys of patients with renal calculi and other diseases and from certain other body tissues and secretions. "Matrix substance A" has been recovered... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Winston-Salem, N. C. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 741-741KeywordsBody fluidsKidney stonesKidneysRenal diseasesUrine Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Short-term regulation of bile acid uptake by microfilament-dependent translocation of rat ntcp to the plasma membrane
Authors: Jonathan A. Dranoff, Mitchell McClure, Angela D. Burgstahler, Lee A. Denson, Aleta R. Crawford, James M. Crawford, Saul J. Karpen, Michael H. Nathanson
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

The Na+-taurocholate cotransport polypeptide (ntcp) is the primary transporter for the uptake of bile acids in the liver. The second messenger adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) rapidly increases ntcp protein concentration in the plasma membrane, yet the mechanism is unknown. To investigate this, HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with a carboxy-terminal-tagged green fluorescence protein (GFP) conjugate of ntcp, and then examined by confocal video microscopy. Transporter activity was directly assayed with 3H-taurocholic acid (TC) scintigraphy. ntcp-GFP targeted to the plasma membrane in transfected cells, and the conjugate protein transported 3H-TC as effectively as unmodified rat ntcp. Stimulation of ntcp-GFP cells with cAMP increased GFP fluorescence in the plasma membrane by 40% (P <.0001) within 2.5 minutes and by 55% within 10 minutes. Similarly, cAMP increased transport of bile acids by 30%. Cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of microfilaments, did not prevent ntcp-GFP from targeting to the plasma membrane, but completely abolished the increase in GFP fluorescence seen in response to cAMP. In contrast, the microtubule inhibitor, nocodazole, prevented development of membrane fluorescence in 48 (96%) of 50 cells. Cells regained plasma membrane fluorescence within 2 hours after nocodazole removal. These findings suggest that targeting of ntcp to the plasma membrane consists of 2 steps: 1) delivery of ntcp to the region of the plasma membrane via microtubules; and 2) insertion of ntcp into the plasma membrane, in a microfilament- and cAMP-sensitive fashion.
A Single Peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex Ligand Triggers Digital Cytokine Secretion in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Jun Huang, Mario Brameshuber, Xun Zeng, Jianming Xie, Qi-jing Li, Yueh-hsiu Chien, Salvatore Valitutti, Mark M. Davis
Journal: Immunity (2013)
NEW ONSET ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, BUT NOT PRE-EXISTING THE ARRHYTHMIA, MAY BE AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF CARDIAC MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Toshiro Tomomatsu, Itsuro Morishima, Takahito Sone, Hideyuki Tsuboi, Mititaka Uesugi, Etsushi Matsusita, Yasuhiro Morita, Tappei Furuta, Yasunori Kanzaki, Shinyu Ogasawara, Youhei Shibata, Kazushi Terada, Kazuhiro Naito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Altered lymphopoiesis and immunodeficiency in miR-142 null mice
Authors: Nicholas J. Kramer, Wei-Le Wang, Estefany Y. Reyes, Bijender Kumar, Ching-Cheng Chen, Chandran Ramakrishna, Edouard M. Cantin, Steven L. Vonderfecht, Konstantin D. Taganov, Nelson Chau, Mark P. Boldin
Journal: Blood (2015)
Endothelial function and biochemical vascular markers in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients: the effect of exercise training
Authors: Torben Østergård, Birgit Nyholm, Troels K. Hansen, Lars M. Rasmussen, Jørgen Ingerslev, Keld E. Sørensen, Hans E. Bøtker, Bengt Saltin, Ole Schmitz
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
Pneumonectomy in a Patient with Severe Respiratory Paralysis Due to Poliomyelitis
Authors: Justine Borchers
Journal: JAMA (1962)

GENERALLY SPEAKING, major pulmonary resectional surgery is contraindicated in patients with severe restrictive pulmonary insufficiency. Nonetheless, such surgery may be necessary when a patient has a collapsed and infected lung in addition to the restriction. In this situation hypoxemia may occur because of continued perfusion of the nonventilated lung. Furthermore, a patient with this condition is continually threatened by either infection of the uninvolved lung or metastatic infection. This case is presented to demonstrate that pneumonectomy was successfully performed in a patient with severe respiratory paralysis secondary to poliomyelitis. Report of a Case A 22-year-old white male had the onset of bulbospinal poliomyelitis in July, 1957, while stationed in Korea with the armed forces. He was placed in a tank respirator on the fifth day of illness and on the next day a tracheostomy was performed. Chest pain and low-grade fever occurred during the fifth week of illness, at which
TCTAP A-089 Correlation of Magnitude of ST-Segment Depression in Leads V1 to V4 in Acute Inferior Myocardial Infarction with Angiographic Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Md Badiuzzaman, Mohammad Golam Azam, Kazi Md Zafrul Haq, Jatindra Nath Saha
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Vascular changes in erythropoietic protoporphyria: Histopathologic and immunohistochemical study
Authors: Kaisa Timonen, Arja-Leena Kariniemi, Kirsti-Maria Niemi, Anna-Maija Teppo, Raimo Tenhunen, Raili Kauppinen
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2000)
67 POTENT ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF SECOND GENERATION NUCLEOSIDE INHIBITORS, IDX102 AND IDX184, IN HCV-INFECTED CHIMPANZEES
Authors: D.N. Standring, R. Lanford, E. Cretton-Scott, L. Licklider, M. Larsson, C. Pierra, G. Gosselin, C. Perigaud, D. Surleraux, B. Mayes, A. Moussa, J. Selden
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Dosing of Clopidogrel for Platelet Inhibition in Infants and Young Children
Authors: Jennifer S. Li, Eric Yow, Katherine Y. Berezny, Paula M. Bokesch, Matsato Takahashi, Thomas P. Graham, Stephen P. Sanders, Daniel Sidi, Damien Bonnet, Peter Ewert, Lisa K. Jennings, Alan D. Michelson
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background— Infants and young children with certain types of heart disease are at increased risk for thromboses. Clopidogrel 75 mg/d is used in adults to prevent thrombotic events. The dose to achieve similar platelet inhibition in children is unknown. The objectives of the present study were (1) to determine the dose of clopidogrel needed in infants and young children to achieve a mean 30% to 50% inhibition of 5-μmol/L ADP–induced platelet aggregation (ie, inhibition similar to that observed with 75 mg in adults) and (2) to assess the safety and tolerability of clopidogrel in infants and young children. Methods and Results— We performed a prospective, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel in children (0 to 24 months) with a cardiac condition at risk for arterial thrombosis. Patients were randomized to clopidogrel versus placebo in a 3:1 ratio in 4 sequential groups (0.01, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.15 mg/kg) for ≥7 and ≤28 days. Platelet aggregation was assessed at baseline and steady state by light-transmission aggregometry. Of 116 patients enrolled, 92 (50% neonates, 50% infants/toddlers) were randomized, and 73 completed the study. A total of 79% of the randomized and treated patients were taking aspirin. Compared with placebo, clopidogrel 0.20 mg · kg −1 · d −1 resulted in a mean 49.3% (95% confidence interval 25.7% to 72.8%) inhibition of the maximum extent of platelet aggregation and a mean 43.9% (95% confidence interval 18.6% to 69.2%) inhibition of the rate of platelet aggregation. There was marked interpatient variability in the degree of platelet aggregation inhibition within each treatment-dose group and age group. No serious bleeding events occurred. Conclusions— Clopidogrel 0.20 mg · kg −1 · d −1 in children 0 to 24 months of age achieves a platelet inhibition level similar to that in adults taking 75 mg/d. Clopidogrel is well tolerated in infants and young children at this dose.