tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical risk factors and prognostic significance of local recurrence in cutaneous melanoma
Authors: M. Moehrle, A. Kraemer, W. Schippert, C. Garbe, G. Rassner, H. Breuninger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background True local recurrence (LR) means clinically detectable regrowth of parts of the tumour which were not completely excised. In the literature the term 'LR' has been used in a vague and inconsistent manner that may include satellite and in‐transit metastasis. Objective The aim of this study was to establish clinical, histological and surgical risk factors for the manifestation of LR and to evaluate the prognostic significance of LR. Study design Data from 3960 Stage I and II melanoma patients who visited the melanoma clinic of the Department of Dermatology at the University of Tuebingen from 1980 to 1999 were documented in a prospective manner. A retrospective comparative analysis of patients with and without LR was performed. Results Of all patients 1·4% had a LR as a first recurrence and 1·7% had a LR in the course of the follow‐up period. LR were most frequent after previous clinical or histological misdiagnosis and inadequate therapy. In the univariate analysis significant risk factors for LR‐free survival were age, tumour surface area, locality, tumour thickness, level of invasion, histological type, associated naevus, surgery (one step vs. multiple steps) and compliance with recommended excision margins. In the multivarate analysis the factors locality (P < 0·0001), tumour thickness (P = 0·0086) and compliance with recommendations on excision margins (P = 0·014) were significant independent risk factors for the manifestation of LR. The overall survival of patients with LR as first progression did not significantly differ from the overall survival of the other patients with melanoma (P = 0·60). Conclusion True LR is a rare event for which tumour locality, tumour thickness and surgery are independent risk factors. The occurrence of LR might not impair the prognosis of melanoma patients. However, in the published literature numerous definitions of 'LR', including lymphogenic metastasis, complicate comparison.
Normal F-18 FDG Vertebral Uptake in Paget??s Disease on PET Scanning
Authors: Peeyush Bhargava, Marsha Naydich, Munir Ghesani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Whole-body bone scans remain the standard of care in the management of patients with suspected bone metastases. They are very sensitive for bone disease but are nonspecific. Various benign bone pathologies can give rise to foci of increased activity, which may mimic osteoblastic bone metastases. Whole-body PET with FDG has been shown to be of great value for the evaluation of bone metastases, with high sensitivity and specificity. This case shows normal FDG activity in a vertebra affected by Paget's disease and intense osteoblastic activity on the bone scan, a false-positive finding in the evaluation of suspected skeletal metastases.
Health Data in the Information Age: Use, Disclosure, and Privacy—Part II.
Authors: Molla S. Donaldson
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections
Authors: Stig E. Holm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Several reports during the past decade have suggested that there has been an increase in the number of serious invasive streptococcal infections, with or without shock. The common routes of entry for beta-hemolytic streptococci (mainly group A) are the nasopharynx, surgical wounds, and the skin14; however, in many patients the portal of entry cannot be ascertained. Various factors have been suggested to explain the apparent increase in invasive streptococcal infections, including the spread of a more virulent clone, higher numbers of patients with conditions that interfere with the immune system, and changes such as alterations in patterns of . . .
Cardioversion and Digitalis
Authors: ROBERT KLEIGER, BERNARD LOWN
Journal: Circulation (1966)

The electrocardiograms before and immediately after cardioversion of 100 consecutive patients with chronic atrial fibrillation treated at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital have been analyzed. Evidence of digitalis intoxication in the precardioversion tracing was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of serious ventricular ectopic activity following electrical shock. The role of digitalis in post-cardioversion arrhythmias is reviewed. The measures to reduce the incidence and gravity of such arrhythmias are outlined.
Consent and the mentally handicapped.
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A 1987 legal case, In re T, has pointed up the lack in British law of a provision for third party consent to medical procedures on mentally handicapped adults. T, a severely retarded 19-year-old, was found to be 11 weeks pregnant. Application was made to a Family Division court to sanction an abortion and a sterilization. Britain's 1983 Mental Health Act allows for third party consent only to psychiatric treatment, so the judge relied on a court rule to authorize the procedures in the best health interests of the young woman. Physicians with mentally handicapped patients are uncertain where they stand legally in the wake of the decision, particularly where abortion or sterilization is concerned. Two major medical defense associations recommend that their members seek legal advice before performing these procedures on an adult patient unable to consent on his or her own.
NICE removes β blockers as first line treatment for hypertension
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2006)

β blockers are no longer recommended for the first line or second line treatment of hypertension, says an updated guideline for England and Wales.

The guideline recommends that for hypertensive patients aged 55 or older or for black patients of any age the first choice for initial treatment should be either a calcium channel blocker or a thiazide-type diuretic. Black patients are considered to be those of African or Caribbean descent, not people of Asian descent or mixed race people. For patients under the age of 55 an angiotensin …
Teratogenic Effects of Progestogen/Estrogen
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A few years ago, a flurry of reports noted the development of vaginal adenocarcinoma in adolescent girls and young women. In each case, the unusual cancer was linked circumstantially with administration of diethylstilbestrol to the patient's mother during a pregnancy considered to be at high risk because of bleeding or previous pregnancy loss. These facts duly received comment in an editorial inThe Journal,"Maternal Diethylstilbestrol a Time Bomb for Child?" by Kathryn S. Huss, MD (218:1564, 1971). In a forthcoming issue of<i>Archives of Environmental Health</i>, Nora and Nora<sup>1</sup>present evidence that suggests a teratogenic effect of other hormonal agents administered to pregnant women during the vulnerable period of embryogenesis (15 to 60 days' gestation). The patterns of anomalies in the offspring led the authors to adopt the acronym VACTERL (Vertebral, Anal, Cardiac, Tracheoesophageal, Renal, Limb). The implicated hormones were either a progestogen/estrogen compound or a progestogen alone
Letter by Hjemdahl et al Regarding Article, “Periprocedural Bleeding and Thromboembolic Events With Dabigatran Compared With Warfarin: Results From the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) Randomized Trial”
Authors: Paul Hjemdahl, Hans Johnsson, N. Håkan Wallén
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Neutrophil pyruvate kinase deficiency with recurrent staphylococcal infections: first reported case.
Authors: P S Burge, W S Johnson, A R Hayward
Journal: BMJ (1976)

A woman with an intracellular killing defect in the neutrophils had neutrophil pyruvate kinase deficiency. She had had recurrent staphylococcal infections throughout her life. The enzyme present was unstable and its kinetics were abnormal.
Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Madan M. Kwatra
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Treatment of diarrhoea in childhood.
Authors: N Hirschorn
Journal: BMJ (1976)

abscess and varied from 0-7 to 1 2 g'g/ml.This suggests a very effective level in the empyema drainage fluid.Unfortunately, our earlier samples were destroyed before assaying, but we feel that even this isolated assay may be of interest to other physicians faced with similar problems.We would like to thank May and Baker Ltd for their help in assaying the drug.
SOME MODERN VIEWPOINTS OF GLAUCOMA
Authors: ROBERT SATTLER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Recent additions to the literature of glaucoma contribute less to its varied and many-sided clinical expression, or to the acknowledged completeness of its pathologic anatomy, than to the mystery of its origin. It is not so much the long-discussed question whether glaucoma simplex belongs in a category of its own, where the disclosures of my own experience must place it; or even that glaucoma, and in fact all its acute inflammatory expressions, are caused by blood stasis; for that a circulatory obstruction is the exciting feature has been held and believed by many investigators since Roser's time.  The more modern point of view concerns itself with the questions: (1) if in chronic, simple or non-inflammatory glaucoma, the accepted well-known sclerosis and rarefaction of the vascular and protective tissues (that is, the increased tension), is the first and actual dynamic factor and subsequently, after an inexorable but more or less uniform
Cornstarch Therapy in Type I Glycogen-Storage Disease
Authors: Yuan-Tsong Chen, Marvin Cornblath, James B. Sidbury
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

TYPE I glycogen-storage disease, an inherited absence or deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver, kidney, and intestines, is associated with the accumulation of glycogen in those organs. The lack of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver rapidly leads to hypoglycemia in fasting, because of the inadequate release of glucose from glucose-6-phosphate through normal glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Other clinical manifestations include growth retardation, hepatomegaly, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia. Most of these abnormalities have been attributed to the hypoglycemia, since treatments that maintain normal glucose concentrations correct most of the metabolic abnormalities and growth retardation. So far, the various kinds of . . .
Increased Populations of Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Lars A. Ormandy, Tina Hillemann, Heiner Wedemeyer, Michael P. Manns, Tim F. Greten, Firouzeh Korangy
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide with a poor prognosis and one for which immunotherapy remains a viable option. Experimental tumor models have shown that regulatory T cells, a functionally unique subset of T cells, can suppress effective antitumor immune responses. This suppression might explain the poor outcome of some of the immunotherapy protocols currently being used. A better understanding of the role of regulatory T cells in HCC is important for design of future immunotherapy-based clinical protocols. We have studied regulatory T cells from 84 patients with HCC and 74 controls, including healthy donors, patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection and nonviral liver cirrhosis. Regulatory T cells were identified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting using a panel of antibodies and by real-time PCR analysis for Foxp3 expression. Functional studies were done to analyze their inhibitory role. Finally, regulatory T cells were analyzed in tumors and ascites from patients with HCC. Patients with HCC have increased numbers of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in their peripheral blood, which express high levels of HLA-DR, GITR, and low or no CD45RA. These cells were anergic toward T-cell receptor stimulation and, when cocultured with activated CD4+CD25− cells, potently suppressed their proliferation and cytokine secretion. There were also high numbers of regulatory T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of HCC patients comparable with the increase in their peripheral blood. Our data suggest that the increase in frequency of regulatory T cells might play a role in modulation of the immune response against HCC and could be important in design of immunotherapeutic approaches.
Hemodynamic Effects of Volume Expansion and Nitroprusside Compared with Pericardiocentesis in Patients with Acute Cardiac Tamponade
Authors: Richard E. Kerber, Joseph A. Gascho, Robert Litchfield, Paul Wolfson, David Ott, Natesa G. Pandian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Acute cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency that requires urgent therapy. Removal of pericardial fluid by pericardiocentesis or by open surgical drainage is effective,1 2 3 but delays may occur while the catheterization laboratory or operating room is being prepared. Alternative methods would be useful as interim therapy, if they were also effective.The time-honored emergency therapy for acute cardiac tamponade is intravascular volume expansion.1 , 2 , 4 5 6 Vasodilator drugs have also been recommended, especially in combination with volume expansion.7 , 8 These recommendations are, however, based on studies in animals.7 8 9 10 11 There is a surprising paucity of relevant data on human beings, and this may be important . . .
High intracellular Na<sup>+</sup> preserves myocardial function at low heart rates in isolated myocardium from failing hearts
Authors: Wolfgang Schillinger, Nils Teucher, Claus Christians, Michael Kohlhaas, Samuel Sossalla, Phuc Van Nguyen, Albrecht G. Schmidt, Ortwin Schunck, Klaus Nebendahl, Lars S. Maier, Oliver Zeitz, Gerd Hasenfuss
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Pioneer implant defibrillator continues in clinical use
Authors: John Maurice
Journal: JAMA (1983)

More than 170 persons who might have been victims of sudden cardiac death are carrying the automatic implantable defibrillator designed by Mieczyslaw (Michel) Mirowski, MD, director of the coronary care unit, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, and associate professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (<i>JAMA</i>[MEDICAL NEWS] 1982;247:1533-1534). In its latest version, the Mirowski unit is the only currently available implantable antiarrhythmic device providing both defibrillation and cardioversion (for ventricular tachycardia). It has been implanted in patients with malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias in 17 US centers and also in a French hospital. Since the first implantation in a patient three years ago—after more than ten years of unfunded, pains-taking research—the device has proved "extremely efficient and amazingly safe," Mirowski told<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS after presenting updated results with the implant to an international meeting on cardiac arrhythmias in Florence, Italy. "The device has correctly terminated over 200 known episodes
Two stage genome–wide search in inflammatory bowel disease provides evidence for susceptibility loci on chromosomes 3, 7 and 12
Authors: Jack Satsangi, Miles Parkes, Edouard Louis, Lara Hashimoto, Norihiro Kato, Ken Welsh, Joseph D. Terwilliger, G. Mark Lathrop, John I. Bell, Derek P. Jewell
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Thyroid Neoplasms and Irradiation
Authors: M. Tubiana
Journal: BMJ (1959)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> To describe the incidence and severity of injuries resulting from physical education, sports and leisure time physical activity (PA) in 10–12-year-old children. <h3>Design:</h3> This was a prospective cohort study conducted in primary schools, with 995 children aged 10–12 years old as participants. Individual weekly exposure was estimated from baseline and follow-up questionnaires. Exposure to physical education (PE) classes was equal in all schools. An injury was recorded if it occurred during either PE class, leisure time PA, or sports, and caused the child to at least stop the current activity. Injuries were reported within 1 week of injury onset. The main outcome measure was injury incidence density. <h3>Results:</h3> During the school year a total of 119 injuries were reported by 104 children, resulting in an overall injury incidence density (ID) of 0.48 per 1000 h of exposure (95% CI 0.38 to 0.57). Injury ID was lowest for leisure time PA, followed by PE and sports, respectively. Of all injuries, 40% required medical treatment and 14% resulted in 1 or more days of absence from regular school activities. In general for girls a higher injury ID was reported than for boys, mainly caused by a twofold higher risk during leisure time PA. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Next to specific areas of preventive interest it was found that in this specific age group, girls require special attention as they seem to be at higher injury risk than boys.
Old dogs and new tricks
Authors: I. Iheanacho
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Among the obvious privileges of medical training is the exposure it affords to information and ideas that would otherwise be difficult to corral under a single heading. Inevitably this knowledge is patchy and disjointed, and too much of it has to be crammed—more to satisfy examiners than to aid patients. But these downsides are greatly outweighed by the genuinely fascinating aspects.

It would, for example, require a peculiarly closed mind not to be intrigued by the concept of learnt helplessness, a staple feature of any …
GMC finds GPs guilty of fraud
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The General Medical Council has ruled that the names of three general practitioners should be erased from the register because the doctors falsified patients' records in clinical trials. Dr Chatru Chandnani and Dr Christopher Vishin, partners in Leeds, and, in relation to a separate incident, Dr Paul Daengsvang of Liverpool were all found guilty of serious professional misconduct by the disciplinary committee. Dr Daengsvang is appealing to the judiciary committee of the Privy Council.

The GMC heard that in 1989 the Leeds partners took part in trials for three different pharmaceutical companies; one was a trial of a drug for hypertension and two were paediatric asthma trials. The …
EPICARDIAL FAT RATHER THAN ABDOMINAL VISCERAL FAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Norihisa Toh, Hitomi Sakamoto, Kazuhiro Osawa, Hiroki Oe, Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Ito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Update: A 27-Year-Old Woman With a Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Anna A. Mattson-DiCecca
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical utility of CT in children with persistent focal chest abnormality
Authors: S. Montella, M. V. Andreucci, L. Greco, F. Barbarano, S. De Stefano, L. Brunese, F. Santamaria
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

Clinical utility of CT in children with persistent focal chest abnormalityTo the Editors:We read with interest the article by LI et al. [1] on the contribution of computed tomography (CT) in determining aetiological diagnosis of noncystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis, and in leading to a change in management.We carried out a prospective study in 50 children (26 males; median age: 7.45 yrs, range: 12 months to 17 yrs) with chronic cough for .3months and persistent focal chest abnormality on at least two conventional chest radiographs (CCR) made at intervals of o3 months.We aimed to assess what additional information CT (alone or combined with clinical findings and further diagnostic tests) provides, and to determine whether gaining such new information influences the clinical management.
Transmission of ground squirrel hepatitis virus to homologous and heterologous hosts
Authors: Daniel Trueba, Michael Phelan, John Nelson, Fred Beck, Brian S. Pecha, R. James Brown, Harold E. Varmus, Don Ganem
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

The infectivity and host range of ground squirrel hepatitis virus (GSHV) have been further examined by animal inoculation experiments. Although carrier squirrel sera usually harbor 109 to 1010 virions per ml as determined by physical measurements, titration of one such serum revealed that squirrel infectivity was lost following dilution of the sample over 106-fold. Infectivity is markedly reduced by NP40 pretreatment of infected serum. GSHV infection cannot be readily transmitted to several related ground squirrel species, but chipmunks can be experimentally infected by GSHV virions or by cloned GSHV DNA, and the resulting infection closely resembles that seen in the normal host.