tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence and mechanism of acute injuries in Iran Karate Championship 2010
Authors: Gholam Ali Ghasemi, Seied Mohammad Marandi, Mohammad Batavani, Mohammad Reza Batavani
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

There is a growing need for research in competitive activity of karateists. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, type and mechanism of injuries in Iranian professional men karate players. Seven hundred and sixty-seven men karate players (means ± SD; age, 21.7 ± 3.2 years, weight, 69.4 ± 8.9, height, 176.9 ± 6.4 cm) who participated in Iran men karate championships in 2010, took part in this study. An injury form was used to collect data. The form consisted of two sections: personal data (age, sex, height, weight, etc) and injury data. Variables such as incidence, location, causes and mechanisms of injury were considered and recorded after competitions. χ 2 Test was used to analyse data. The results of this study showed that in the total of 739 matches (kata and kumite), 289 injuries occurred. Competitors have more injuries in the upper body than in the lower body (229 vs 60), (λ 2 = 21.24, p&lt;0.05). Incident rate of injuries was 15.4 injuries per 100 min of match (0.39 injuries per each match) and 376.7 injuries per 1000 athletes. Skeletal injury (44.2%) was the most common injury, face (32.6%) was the most common injured area, contusion (59.5%) was the main injury, opponent technical mistake (71 %) was the main cause of injuries and opponent's attack (54.6%) was the main mechanism of occurrence of injuries. So, decreased mistake kick, protective pads and the safe use of equipments and rules modification are the best ways of minimising the injuries in karate players.
Role of selectins, a new family of adhesion molecules, in ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: A. M Lefer, A. S Weyrich, M. Buerke
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Role of selectins, a new family of adhesion molecules, in ischaemia-reperfusion injury Get access Allan M Lefer, Allan M Lefer Department of Physiology, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: A M Lefer, A S Weyrich, M Buerke. Correspondence to Dr Lefer. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Andrew S Weyrich, Andrew S Weyrich Department of Physiology, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: A M Lefer, A S Weyrich, M Buerke. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael Buerke Michael Buerke Department of Physiology, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA: A M Lefer, A S Weyrich, M Buerke. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 3, March 1994, Pages 289–294, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.3.289 Published: 01 March 1994 Article history Received: 28 July 1993 Accepted: 06 October 1993 Published: 01 March 1994
Perirectal Infections in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Scott G. Barnes, Fred R. Sattler, James O. Ballard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

During a 6-year period, 16 (7.9%) of 202 patients with acute leukemia of both the lymphocytic and nonlymphocytic types developed perirectal infections. All patients were febrile and severely neutropenic (14 patients had absolute neutrophil counts of less than 100/mm3). Lesions were painful and indurated but lacked fluctuance. Urinary retention, peritoneal signs, and extension of the infection to the genitalia were common. Eleven patients had bacteremia, and an average of 2.1 enteric bacteria were recovered from samples of abscess fluid or blood. Perirectal lesions were operatively incised and debrided (10 patients), unless spontaneous drainage occurred (5 patients). These 15 patients became pain-free in less than 48 hours and afebrile in 2 to 8 days. Drained lesions healed in all. Thirteen of fifteen patients left the hospital, whereas 2 died in the hospital of unrelated causes. The only patient whose lesion was not drained died of continuous bacteremia. Early incision and debridement contributed to our patients' improved survival.
Anticipating and managing bleeding complications in patients with coronary stents who are receiving dual antiplatelet treatment
Authors: N. Bhala, J. S. Taggar, P. Rajasekhar, A. Banerjee
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Acute hospital admission is distressing for care home residents. Ambulatory care sensitive conditions, such as respiratory and urinary tract infections, are conditions that can cause unplanned hospital admission but may have been avoidable with timely detection and intervention in the community. The Better Health in Residents in Care Homes (BHiRCH) programme has feasibility tested and will pilot a multicomponent intervention to reduce these avoidable hospital admissions. The BHiRCH intervention comprises an early warning tool for noting changes in resident health, a care pathway (clinical guidance and decision support system) and a structured method for communicating with primary care, adapted for use in the care home. We use practice development champions to support implementation and embed changes in care. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> Cluster randomised pilot trial to test study procedures and indicate whether a further definitive trial is warranted. Fourteen care homes with nursing (nursing homes) will be randomly allocated to intervention (delivered at nursing home level) or control groups. Two nurses from each home become Practice Development Champions trained to implement the intervention, supported by a practice development support group. Data will be collected for 3 months preintervention, monthly during the 12-month intervention and 1 month after. Individual-level data includes resident, care partner and staff demographics, resident functional status, service use and quality of life (for health economic analysis) and the extent to which staff perceive the organisation supports person centred care. System-level data includes primary and secondary health services contacts (ie, general practitioner and hospital admissions). Process evaluation assesses intervention acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, ease of implementation in practice and study procedures (ie, consent and recruitment rates). <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> Approved by Research Ethics Committee and the UK Health Research Authority. Findings will be disseminated via academic and policy conferences, peer-reviewed publications and social media (eg, Twitter). <h3>Trial registration number</h3> ISRCTN74109734; Pre-results.
Hepatitis C virus core protein induces apoptosis and impairs cell-cycle regulation in stably transformed chinese hamster ovary cells
Authors: Masao Honda, Shuichi Kaneko, Takeo Shimazaki, Eiki Matsushita, Kenichi Kobayashi, Li-hua Ping, Hang-chuen Zhang, Stanley M. Lemon
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Several lines of evidence suggest that the core protein of HCV may play a role in the development of this cancer. The authors examined regulation of the cell cycle in stable cell lines derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells that constitutively expressed one or more of the structural proteins of HCV. In media containing low concentrations of serum (serum starvation), cell lines expressing the core protein showed a significantly lower population of viable cells than noncore-expressing cells. The low viability of the core-expressing cells was a result of the increased population of cells undergoing apoptosis. Interestingly, the cell cycle analysis revealed that the arresting function at G(0) was impaired, and the cell cycle was accelerated in core-expressing cell lines even under serum starvation. Thus, the HCV core protein sensitizes the apoptosis to serum starvation, although it promotes the cell cycle in CHO-K1 cells. To explain these findings, the authors examined the expression of revival apoptosis and cell-cycle-related genes. Expression of the c-myc genes was significantly induced in core-expressing cells in response to serum starvation. Other apoptosis-inducing genes downstream of c-myc, p53, p21WAF1/CIP1 and Bax were significantly highly induced, although there was no induction of Bcl-2, which prevents apoptosis in core-expressing cells. Thus, the HCV core protein induced apoptosis and impaired the regulation of the cell cycle by activating c-myc expression, whereas the p53 and Bax pathways play a role in the induction of apoptosis.
Comparison of active, passive and magnetic targeting to tumors of multifunctional paclitaxel/SPIO-loaded nanoparticles for tumor imaging and therapy
Authors: Nathalie Schleich, Chrystelle Po, Damien Jacobs, Bernard Ucakar, Bernard Gallez, Fabienne Danhier, Véronique Préat
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Oral and genital lichenoid reactions associated with circulating autoantibodies to desmoplakins I and II: A novel target antigen or example of epitope spreading?
Authors: Noritaka Oyama, Jane F. Setterfield, Matthew J. Gratian, Balbir S. Bhogal, Pepe Shirlaw, Stephen J. Challacombe, Martin M. Black
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
254. Decorin Promotes Differentiation of Myoblasts into Myotubes That Express Slow MyHC In Vitro
Authors: Yong Li, Juan Li, Ying Tang, Xiao Xiao, Johnny Huard
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Decorin, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, is a key regulator in extracellular matrix assembly and cell proliferation. It also has a specific effect on the migration and differentiation of embryonic skeletal muscle cells 1. We have demonstrated that decorin can prevent muscle fibrosis, enhance muscle regeneration, and improve the functional recovery of injured skeletal muscle 2. However, the mechanism behind decorin's effect on muscle regeneration is unclear. In the current study, we used an AAV-mDecorin plasmid to transfect a mouse decorin gene into myoblasts (C2C12 cells) and evaluated the phenotypic changes during the resultant myoblast differentiation. Our results revealed that myoblasts engineered to express decorin undergo differentiation more readily than do normal myoblasts in vitro. This enhanced differentiation may be due to the stimulation of P21, an important cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that is up-regulated during muscle cell differentiation 3. We also observed up-regulated expression of myogenic proteins (MyoD, Myogenin, Myf5, and Myf6) by these decorin-transfected (CD) cells. This study demonstrates that decorin treatment resulted in the overexpression of slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and the production of slow myotubes by CD cells in vitro. These results suggest that decorin may promote muscle regeneration through the activity of slow MyHC-expressing muscle fibers. These results indicate that decorin improves skeletal muscle healing not only by preventing fibrosis, but also by promoting muscle regeneration. These findings could explain why decorin treatment can lead to nearly complete functional recovery of injured muscle 2.
Overweight and Hypertension
Authors: BENJAMIN N. CHIANG, LAWRENCE V. PERLMAN, FREDERICK H. EPSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The interrelationships between hypertension and obesity, two common and major health hazards, are reviewed. Comparisons of simultaneous intra-arterial and cuff blood pressure measurements indicate in general that the association between blood pressure and body weight is real and independent of arm circumference. Hypertension is more common among the obese than among the nonobese and, conversely, a significant proportion of hypertensive persons in the population are overweight. Obese hypertensive subjects experience a greater risk of coronary heart disease than the nonobese, and mortality rates for obese hypertensive persons are higher than for those with obesity alone or hypertension alone. Weight reduction has been shown to lower blood pressure, and it may bring about a more favorable prognosis in obese hypertensive persons. Possible mechanisms that may be responsible for the frequent association between obesity and hypertension have been discussed. Irrespective of the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, the adverse metabolic and hemodynamic effects of obesity upon hypertension impose an extra burden and strain on the circulatory system and compromise its functional adequacy. Although it is not precisely known to what extent weight reduction alone may be effective in controlling or preventing the lesser degrees of hypertension, the control of obesity should be an intrinsic part of any therapeutic or preventive antihypertensive regimen.
California tobacco control program cuts healthcare expenditure by $134 billion in 19 years
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The tobacco control program in California has reduced expenditures for tobacco related healthcare by an estimated $134 (£87; €100) billion in its first 19 years, according to an analysis published in PLoS ONE .1

The analysis estimates that 6.8 billion fewer packs of cigarettes, worth $28.5 billion, were sold in the state because of the program up to the end of the fiscal year …
Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacity (GGO) Lesions–Large Size and a History of Lung Cancer are Risk Factors for Growth
Authors: Miyako Hiramatsu, Takuya Inagaki, Tomoya Inagaki, Yoshio Matsui, Yukitoshi Satoh, Sakae Okumura, Yuichi Ishikawa, Etsuo Miyaoka, Ken Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Aeroallergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation, lung damage, and airways hyperreactivity in mice can occur independently of IL-4 and allergen-specific immunoglobulins.
Authors: S P Hogan, A Mould, H Kikutani, A J Ramsay, P S Foster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

In this investigation we have used a mouse model containing certain phenotypic characteristics consistent with asthma and IL-4- and CD40-deficient mice to establish the role of this cytokine and allergen-specific immunoglobulins in the initiation of airways hyperreactivity and morphological changes to the airways in responses to aeroallergen challenge. Sensitization and aerosol challenge of mice with ovalbumin resulted in a severe airways inflammatory response which directly correlated with the induction of extensive airways damage and airways hyperreactivity to beta-methacholine. Inflammatory infiltrates were primarily characterized by the presence of CD4+ T cells and eosinophils. In IL-4-deficient mice, the recruitment of airways eosinophils was impaired, but not abolished in response to aeroallergen. Moreover, the characteristic airways damage and hyperreactivity normally resulting from allergen inhalation were not attenuated. Induction of these structural and functional changes to the airways occurred in the absence of ovalbumin-specific IgE and IgG1, but IgG2a and IgG3 were detected in the sera of IL-4-deficient mice. CD4+ T cells isolated from both wild-type and IL-4-deficient mice given ovalbumin produced significant levels of IL-5 after in vitro stimulation. Treatment of IL-4-deficient mice with anti-IL-5 mAb before aeroallergen challenge abolished blood and airways eosinophilia, lung damage, and airways hyperreactivity. These results indicate that IL-4 is not essential for the development of IL-5-producing CD4+ T cells or for the induction of eosinophilic inflammation and airways damage and hyperreactivity. In response to sensitization and aerosol challenge, CD40-deficient mice did not produce ovalbumin-specific IgE, IgG isotypes, or IgA, and airways inflammation and hyperreactivity were not attenuated. Our results suggest that allergic airways disease can occur via pathways which operate independently of IL-4 and allergen-specific immunoglobulins. Activation of these pathways is intimately associated with IL-5 and eosinophilic inflammation. Such pathways may play a substantive role in the etiology of asthma.
Eosinophilic Granuloma
Authors: George L. Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1961)

MEDICAL literature contains numerous reports of localized lung lesions of eosinophilic granuloma<sup>1, 2,4-13</sup>but only one report of mediastinal involvement.<sup>13</sup>Lichtenstein<sup>3</sup>has suggested the term "histiocytosis X" to designate the eosinophilic granuloma, Letterer-Siwe, and Schüller-Christian group of diseases. The following case report is of interest because of the area of involvement and the association of a positive serologic test for recent psittacosis infection. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old male was first seen on July 3, 1959. He stated that on June 15, while driving, he noted the onset of pain over the anterior chest, radiating into both shoulders and the left arm, unassociated with diaphoresis or dyspnea. At the same time he noted some substernal discomfort without cough. He had never previously experienced similar symptoms. Systemic review revealed only some indigestion with highly seasoned foods. His past medical history included pneumonia at age 6 and rheumatic
Pleural Fluid pH in Malignant Effusions
Authors: STEVEN A. SAHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

To determine whether the measurement of pleural fluid pH in malignant effusions has diagnostic use, predicts survival, and has therapeutic implications.A prospective comparison of cytologic examinations and pleural biopsy results, survival, and response to chemical pleurodesis with tetracycline in patients with normal-pH (7.30 or greater) and low-pH (less than 7.30) malignant pleural effusions.Academic medical center, university referral hospital, city hospital, and Veterans Administration hospital.Sixty patients with malignant pleural effusions, proven at either initial thoracentesis by cytologic examination or within 4 months of initial thoracentesis by repeat thoracentesis, thoracotomy, or autopsy, were followed until death.Twenty-one patients, 12 with normal pleural fluid pH and 9 with low pleural fluid pH, were treated with tube thoracostomy and intrapleural tetracycline for symptomatic, recurrent pleural effusions.The 20 patients with low-pH malignant effusions had a significantly greater positivity on initial pleural fluid cytologic evaluation, a shorter mean survival, and a poorer response to tetracycline pleurodesis compared with 40 patients with normal-pH malignant effusions.Determination of pleural fluid pH in malignant effusions provides a rational approach to further diagnostic testing, prognostic information, and a rationale for palliative treatment.
Refresher Courses for Consultants
Authors: W. Fine
Journal: BMJ (1966)

True in a vocation one does not expect to earn as much as if the work was not " vocational."But one must have some reward, and this in a vocation is the satisfac- tion of a good job well done.If this is denied (60 patients in the surgery, 40 children. in the classroom) no vocational approach is possible.
Mortality Rates among Carriers of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutant Alleles
Authors: Yun Su
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Mutations at the ataxia-telangiectasia locus cause a distinctive autosomal recessive syndrome in homozygotes and predispose heterozygotes to cancer and ischemic heart disease. Objective: To examine mortality rates among persons carrying a mutated ataxia-telangiectasia gene. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: The United States and Canada. Participants: 405 grandparents of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia. Measurements: Ages at death and risk for death (from all causes, cancer, ischemic heart disease, and other causes) among carriers and noncarriers of ataxia-telangiectasia mutations. Results: Compared with noncarriers, carriers of a mutated ataxia-telangiectasia allele had a significantly increased risk for death at 20 through 79 years of age (relative risk, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.3 to 2.8]) (P < 0.001). On average, carriers died 7 to 8 years earlier than noncarriers. Cancer caused most of the excess deaths, and ischemic heart disease caused the remainder. Among carriers, relative risk for death from cancer and ischemic heart disease before 80 years of age was 2.6 (CI, 1.4 to 4.7; P = 0.002) and 2.0 (CI, 1.0 to 4.0; P = 0.062), respectively. Compared with noncarriers, carriers who died of cancer were a mean of 4 years younger (P > 0.2) and carriers who died of ischemic heart disease were a mean of 11 years younger (P = 0.006). Conclusion: Carriers of mutations at the ataxia-telangiectasia locus, who make up 1.4% to 2% of the general population, have a higher mortality rate and an earlier age at death from cancer and ischemic heart disease than noncarriers.
TCT-727 Meta-analysis Comparing Bleeding Rates After Low Versus High Dose Clopidogrel In Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention And Receiving A Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor
Authors: Christopher Huff, Shikhar Agarwal, James Lai, Clay Cauthen, A. Michael Lincoff, Leslie Cho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa: another histological simulator of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: S. Segura, D. Romero, J.M. Mascaró, L. Colomo, J. Ferrando, T. Estrach
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Eosinophilic ulcer of the oral mucosa: another histological simulator of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders Get access S. Segura, S. Segura Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Sonia Segura. E‐mail: sonietast@yahoo.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Romero, D. Romero Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. Mascaró, Jr, J.M. Mascaró, Jr Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Colomo, L. Colomo Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Ferrando, J. Ferrando Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Estrach T. Estrach Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 2, 1 August 2006, Pages 460–463, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07331.x Published: 01 August 2006 Article history Accepted: 11 February 2006 Published: 01 August 2006
Guidelines for Handling Parenteral Antineoplastics
Authors: Marcus E. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  The article from the Council on Scientific Affairs 1 on handling parenteral antineoplastic agents was timely and well written. However, in discussing the risk of leukemia developing in patients with Hodgkin's disease who have been exposed to alkylating agents and procarbazine, a serious error was made in stating unequivocally that these patients also received lymphoid irradiation. In numerous studies, the incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia after combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease has been no greater than that after chemotherapy alone. 2-5 Furthermore, reports of leukemia following radiotherapy alone are very rare.  Clearly, the studies quoted above do not rule out a possible contribution to leukemogenesis by radiotherapy. However, such unqualified and erroneous statements as appeared in this article serve only to oversimplify a complex issue and, to some extent, misinform the many nononcologists who read your publication.