tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperinsulinism (Hypoglycemia)
Authors: Arthur LaSalle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1940)

A case of partial trisomy 13 presenting with hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemiaWe report on a newborn baby with partial trisomy 13 who presented with multiple dysmorphic features and hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia.Cytogenetic study on peripheral blood lymphocytes showed 47,XY,+mar in all cells analysed; fluorescent in situ hybridisation showed that the marker was solely derived from chromosome 13.The final karyotype was 47,XY,+del(13)(q14q32).Milk formula through a nasogastric drip and intravenous glucose infusion were given to prevent further hypoglycaemia.However, the baby developed occasional episodes of hypoglycaemia during bolus feeding.Hence, diazoxide was given, at a dosage of 10 mg•kg -1 •d -1 from day 24.Thereafter, no hypoglycaemic episodes were detected.Subsequent follow-up revealed satisfactory growth, global developmental delay, and left divergent squint.
MIR-18A and MIR-18B Expression in Erα Negative Breast Cancers by Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization (CISH)
Authors: K. Jonsdottir, N.G. Egeland, I. Skaland, E. Gudlaugsson, J.P.A. Baak, E. Janssen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Current Status of Pain Management in Children
Authors: Richard F. Howard
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Many changes have taken place in pediatric pain management since the undertreatment of children's pain was first reported. Notable advances include an increase in understanding pain during development and improvements in the management of acute pain. Although much more about the safe and effective management of pain in children is now known, this knowledge has not been widely or effectively translated into routine clinical practice. Lack of suitable research on which to firmly establish evidence-based care is likely to have contributed to this situation. A subject of considerable interest recently is the discovery that the experience of pain in early life may lead to long-term consequences. New research findings from laboratory and clinical studies have clearly identified possible mechanisms and provided evidence that long-term behavioral changes can extend far beyond what would be considered the normal period of postinjury recovery. Timing, degree of injury, and administered analgesia and its nature may be important determinants of the long-term outcome of infant pain. Chronic pain, including neuropathic pain, is far more common in children than was thought. The assessment and treatment of this pain and its functional consequences present a considerable unmet challenge. There is a pressing need for further research and clinical development in the management of pain in children.
ON DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXIN ERUPTIONS
Authors: A. Stanley
Journal: BMJ (1902)

Service at that time, directed my attention to the great prevalence of enteric fever there, and requested me to spare no pains in my efforts to cope with it.After being in Bermuda a year or so, I arrived at the conelusion that the dry-earth latrines were responsible for nearly all the cases which occurred in barracks-by inhalation or deglutition, when using the latrines, of the germs-so, acting on this conviction, I strenuously advocated their total aboli- .tionfrom all the barracks in the islands, and the introduction of the water-carriage system.My recommendations were approved of by the General
Tetanus and the Institutionalized Elderly
Authors: Fredrick T. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While Crossley et al (242:2298, 1979) draw proper attention to the low prevalence of protective levels of tetanus antitoxin among those older than 60 years (34%), including the institutionalized elderly (51%),<sup>1</sup>it does not seem reasonable or cost-effective to immunize the 2.2 million elderly persons who occupy 1.2 million nursing home beds each year in the United States. An analysis of the epidemiology of tetanus and the demography of the nursing home population sheds light on this issue. The number of cases of tetanus reported to the Center for Disease Control is approximately 130 per year, with 50% of the cases occurring in those older than 60 years. Almost three fourths of the injuries that resulted in tetanus during 1970 and 1971 occurred in the home, while 15% occurred in "other specified locations." The remaining 10% of the cases occurred in the farm, garden, hospital, or factory.
miR149 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Controlling Breast Epithelial Cell Migration and Invasion
Authors: Annabell Bischoff, Bettina Huck, Bettina Keller, Michaela Strotbek, Simone Schmid, Melanie Boerries, Hauke Busch, Dafne Müller, Monilola A. Olayioye
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Deregulated molecular signaling pathways are responsible for the altered adhesive, migratory, and invasive properties of cancer cells. The different breast cancer subtypes are characterized by the expression of distinct miRNAs, short non-coding RNAs that posttranscriptionally modulate the expression of entire gene networks. Profiling studies have revealed downregulation of miR149 in basal breast cancer. Here, we show that miR149 expression severely impairs cell spreading, migration, and invasion of basal-like breast cancer cells. We identify signaling molecules, including the small GTPases Rap1a and Rap1b, downstream of integrin receptors as miR149 targets, providing an explanation for the defective Src and Rac activation during cell adhesion and spreading upon miR149 expression. Suppression of cell spreading by miR149 could be rescued, at least in part, by expression of constitutively active Rac. Finally, we demonstrate that increased miR149 levels block lung colonization in vivo. On the basis of our findings, we propose that miR149 downregulation in basal breast cancer facilitates the metastatic dissemination of tumor cells by supporting aberrant Rac activation. Cancer Res; 74(18); 5256–65. ©2014 AACR.
Unexplained diarrhea in a patient with a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube
Authors: K. Tong, Z. Khan
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

S.L. has Rett syndrome, which is caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene on the X chromosome. (For further information on Rett syndrome, see the International Rett Syndrome Association website, www.rettsyndrome.org, and the Rett Syndrome Research Foundation website, www.rsrf.org.) Early development is normal in children with Rett syndrome, but there is then loss of purposeful limb use, and the development of distinctive hand movements, seizures, and mental retardation; they can also develop scoliosis and other anatomical deformities. S.L.’s first percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was placed in April 2001, inserted medially because of her physical deformities, and she made a good recovery.
Abstract 515: Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase cooperates with KrasG12D to promote pancreatic fibrosis through transforming growth factor-β activation of pancreatic stellate cells
Authors: Seth B. Krantz, Mario S. Shields, Surabhi Dangi-Garimella, Eric C. Cheon, Morgan R. Barron, Rosa F. Hwang, M Sambasiva Rao, Paul J. Grippo, David J. Bentrem, Hidayatullah G. Munshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is associated with a pronounced fibrotic reaction that was recently shown to limit delivery of chemotherapy. To identify potential therapeutic targets to overcome this fibrosis, we examined the interplay between fibrosis and the key proteinase membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP, MMP-14) that is required for growth and invasion in the collagen-rich microenvironment. In this report we show that compared to control mice (Kras+/MT1-MMP-) that express an activating mutation necessary for pancreatic cancer development, KrasG12D, littermate mice that express both MT1-MMP and KrasG12D (Kras+/MT1-MMP+) developed a greater number of large mucin-containing papillary lesions with a high degree of cellular atypia. These lesions were associated with a significant amount of surrounding fibrosis, increased α-smooth muscle actin positive cells in the stroma, indicative of activated myofibroblasts, and a greater extent of Smad2 phosphorylation. To further understand how MT1-MMP promotes fibrosis, we established an in vitro co-culture model to examine the effect of expressing MT1-MMP in PDAC cells on stellate cell collagen deposition. Conditioned media from MT1-MMP-expressing PDAC cells grown in 3D collagen enhance Smad2 nuclear translocation, promote Smad2 phosphorylation and increase collagen production by stellate cells. Inhibiting the activity or expression of the TGF-β type I receptor in stellate cells attenuated MT1-MMP-conditioned media induced collagen expression by stellate cells. Additionally, a function-blocking anti-TGF-β antibody also inhibited MT1-MMP-induced collagen mRNA expression in stellate cells. Overall, we demonstrate that the bona fide collagenase MT1-MMP paradoxically contributes to fibrosis in vivo by increasing TGF-β signaling and that targeting MT1-MMP may help to mitigate fibrosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 515. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-515
Death From Weight-Control Pills
Authors: Roger W. Jelliffe
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Weakness, vomiting, severe hypokalemia, and cardiac arrhythmias developed in an obese 19-year-old boy on a weight-reduction regimen of thyroid preparations, digitalis, amphetamines, and diuretics. The patient died despite attempts to replace potassium, cardioversion, and cardiac massage. Protein-bound iodine and serum uric acid levels were elevated. Autopsy revealed no other cause of death. Results of postmortem chemical studies revealed digitalis in the myocardium and amphetamine in the liver. Death is believed to have been due to the combined effect of weight-control medications causing myocardial irritability, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypokalemia. Obesity alone is not a valid indication for large doses of thyroid preparations, for digitalis, or for prolonged fluid depletion by long-term diuretic administration.
Electron microscopy of L.E. phenomena. Description of the structure of the L.E. cell and L.E. mass.
Authors: M Lachtermacher, J Houli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

After studies onphase-contrast microscopy, interferencemicroscopy, and microcinematography (Robineaux, 1959), theL.E.-cell phenomenon appears tohavethefollowing sequence: inthe presence ofan adequate concentration ofL.E. factor, aleucocyte isimmobilized andafter a few seconds showsasuddenswelling andhomogenizationofoneofits nuclear lobules. A rupture ofthe cytoplasmatic membraneoccursandtheswollen nuclear massispartially ortotally extruded fromthe cell andconstitutes theL.E.body.Theduration of thiswholeprocess varies from5 to10minutes. L.E.bodies arechemotactic toleucocytes, which engulf them, producing L.E.-cells orrosettes. Thus, theL.E.-cell isaleucocyte, generally polymorphonuclear, containing a homogeneous masswhich occupies approximately two-thirds ofthecell and compresses itsnucleus to theperiphery. The included massiscomposed ofmodified nuclear material. Theessential andindispensable characteristics oftheinclusion arethecomplete orpartial homogenization ofthenuclear structure andtheloss ofthechromatin network (Holman, 1960). Rosette formation ischaracterized byan amorphouscentral masssurrounded byavariable number ofpolymorphonuclears. Thismass,alsocalled Hargraves' mass (Hargraves, Richmond, and Morton, 1948), istheresult oftheagglutination of theL.E.bodies extruded fromleucocytes after the action oftheL.E.factor (Moore andGrimely, 1957). The onlypublished studyofL.E.-cell ultrastructure isthatofMaldonado, Alarc6n-Segovia, Pease, andBrown(1963), buttheir study doesnot mention rosettes andHargraves' masses.
Cigarette Smoking Affects Tubulointerstitial Lesions in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Masao Kanauchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Several investigators have renewed interest in the role of tubulointerstitial injury in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (1,2). It was recently reported that the kidney is an important target organ for damage caused by smoking (3,4). Cigarette smoking increases carboxy-hemoglobin concentration, platelet aggregability, and fibrinogen concentration, all of which may cause tissue hypoxia and contribute to vascular damage. Smoking also has a direct deleterious effect on the proximal tubule (5). Cigarette smoking is known to promote the progression of diabetic nephropathy in clinical study (6), but its effect on tubulointerstitial injury has not been established.

We evaluated glomerular and tubulointerstitial structural findings on renal biopsy specimens taken from type 2 diabetic patients and determined the relationship between smoking and renal architecture. A total of 48 patients (32 men and 16 women) with type 2 diabetes underwent renal biopsy. Information on smoking …
Does the Structural Symmetry of Cockroach Allergen Bla g 2 Determine Symmetry of Antigenic Determinants for IgE antibody Binding?
Authors: L STOHR, S WUNSCHMANN, M CHAPMAN, M LI, A WLODAWER, A GUSTCHINA, A POMES
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Abstract 1169: Non-canonical functions of Mdm2 isoforms in estrogen influenced breast cancer cells with wild-type or mutant p53
Authors: Jill Bargonetti, Danielle Okoro, Nandini Kundu, Angelika Brekman, Chong Gao, Melissa Rosso, Alla Polotskaia
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Estrogen receptor positive breast cancers often have high levels of Mdm2. We investigated if estrogen signaling in breast cancers occurred through an Mdm2 mediated pathway. We examined the effect of long-term 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment in ERα positive breast cancer cell lines that contain wild-type p53 (MCF-7) and mutant p53 (T-47D). These cell lines also contain the mdm2 SNP at position 309, which increases the expression of Mdm2 by Sp1 driven transcription. In both these cell lines, we observed that E2 treatment dramatically increased the amount of Mdm2 without decreasing the corresponding wild-type or mutant p53. Surprising the amount of p53 protein in both cell lines increased with E2 treatment. We engineered miR30-based inducible mdm2 knockdown cell lines of MCF-7 and T-47D to evaluate to impact of Mdm2 on their cancer cell phenotypes. The down-regulation of Mdm2 in MCF-7.shmdm2 and T-47D.shmdm2 inhibited cell proliferation in 2D culture and in 3D laminin-rich matri-gel. Knockdown of Mdm2 did not cause an increase in p53 protein. These data suggest a p53-independent signal transduction pathway for Mdm2-mediated activation of proliferation. Alternative spliced mdm2 transcripts have been observed in many cancers including breast, but no endogenous protein isoforms from the spliced isoforms have been described. We asked if the spliced variant Mdm2-C transcript (that lacks most of the N-terminal p53 binding domain) expressed endogenous protein in these breast cancer cell lines. We created an Mdm2-C specific antibody using a synthetic peptide to the splice junction of exons four and ten (C4-10) to detect the protein. We validated the C4-10 antibody using in vitro translated Mdm2 compared to Mdm2-C. High expression of Mdm2-C occurred in the G/G mdm2 SNP309 ER+ breast cancer cell line T-47D, but only a slight increase was detected in the presence of E2. Additionally, Mdm2-C was found in nucleolar and cytoplasmic foci before and after estrogen treatment, while the mutant p53 was predominantly nuclear. We report the first identification of endogenous tumor-associated Mdm2-C protein in breast cancer. We suggest that Mdm2 and its isoforms work through non-canonical pathways to transform estrogen influenced breast cancers through molecular pathways that remain to be elucidated. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by Breast Cancer Research Foundation to J.B. and NSF grant to JB MCB-0744316. D.O. was also partially supported by a CUNY Graduate Center Magnet Award. Special thanks to Gerard Evan for help with immunogen peptide design. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1169. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1169
Clinical features of meningococcal arthritis: a report of four cases.
Authors: B L Kidd, H H Hart, R R Grigor
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Four patients with Neisseria meningitidis infection complicated by arthritis are described. Three patients had an acute polyarthritis which responded quickly to antimicrobial therapy. A fourth patient developed a prolonged arthritis which occurred after the initial infection had been successfully treated. Tenosynovitis occurred as a complication in one case. Attention is drawn to possible confusion with gonococcal infection, and postulated pathological mechanisms are discussed.
RECURRENCE OF SYMPTOMS AFTER REMOVAL OF GALL STONES FROM THE GALL BLADDER
Authors: R. P. Rowlands
Journal: BMJ (1922)

a> 54, =M ongt 5rWe are apt to forget that there s not the tendency to ankylosis whliih exists in rheumatoid arthritis and makes immobilization so dangerous in that condition.If we meet with cases already at au advanced stage or wiho refuse immobilization we can, besides correcting any deformity, apply a spica bandage or a leathern moulded splint, and then allow gentle exercise with the toes turned inwards.Radiant hieat followed by massage is.most helpful at all stages, and in advanced cases passive exercises may be added.Very great relief from pain is given by ionization with salicylates and iodides, lhot sandbags, and inunction of salicylic acid .jss,menthol gr.x, lauoline 5iv, with paraff.inollis to an ounce, and some increase of nmobility may follow.For drugs we slhould perseverc witlh arsenic or thymus gland with or without the syrup of iodide of iron.Clheilotomy has been advocated by Sampson Handley, Whleeler, and others.It consists in disarticulating the lhead of tlhe femur, cutting away tlle outgrowtlhs, and adapting the head of the bone to the socket.Very good results lhave been obtained and a freely-movab'e joint formed in youna patients where bone changes are not active.In other cases the joint lhas been excised and the lhead mortised to tlle pelvis with great advantage as to freedom from pain but with complete fixation of the joint.
Spatial expressions of fibronectin and integrins by human and rodent dermal fibroblasts
Authors: M. Yasuda, Y. Miyachi, O. Ishikawa, K. Takahashi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Spatial expressions of fibronectin and integrins by human and rodent dermal fibroblasts Get access M. Yasuda, M. Yasuda Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo‐ku, Kyoto 606‐8507, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Miyachi, Y. Miyachi Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo‐ku, Kyoto 606‐8507, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Ishikawa, O. Ishikawa Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo‐ku, Kyoto 606‐8507, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Takahashi K. Takahashi Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan *Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Sakyo‐ku, Kyoto 606‐8507, Japan K. Takahashi. E‐mail: kenzot@kuhp.kyoto‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 3, 1 September 2006, Pages 522–531, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07399.x Published: 01 September 2006 Article history Accepted: 28 February 2006 Published: 01 September 2006
Religion and Healing in Native America: Pathways for Renewal
Authors: Pat Fosarelli
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
LEARNING THE PHYSICIAN-PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Helen Hofer Gee
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In October, 1959, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) held its second institute on clinical teaching, which was led by Dr. Charles G. Child III, chairman of the department of surgery at the University of Michigan. As is usual in the planning stages of an institute, subcommittees found that they needed information to aid them in defining the nature and severity of problems suggested as topics for institute discussion. Dr. Herbert Gaskill and the members of his subcommittee, assigned to the topic "Science and Art in Teaching Responsibility for Patients," came to wonder on whose behalf they were struggling. Both this subcommittee and the public seemed to feel that many physicians are either insensitive to the needs of their patients or deal with them inadequately. The subcommittee attempted to answer the following questions. Does the young physician feel that he has a problem in this area? Wherein does he
Pdlim2 is a novel actin-regulating protein of podocyte foot processes
Authors: Laleh Sistani, Fredrik Dunér, Sunil Udumala, Kjell Hultenby, Mathias Uhlen, Christer Betsholtz, Karl Tryggvason, Annika Wernerson, Jaakko Patrakka
Journal: Kidney International (2011)