tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of ouabain on the transmembrane potentials and intracellular potassium activity of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers.
Authors: D S Miura, M R Rosen
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Open-tip microelectrodes containing a potassium-sensitive liquid ion exchanger (Corning 477317) were used to study the effects of ouabain on the intracellular potassium activity and the transmembrane potentials of beating canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. The preparations were superfused with Tyrode's solution containing ouabain, 2 X 10(-7) M, and potassium, 4 mM, for 30 minutes. At the end of this period, intracellular potassium activity had decreased from the control value of 130.0 mM to 112.2 mM. The resting membrane potential determined through conventional 3 M KC1-filed microelectrodes decreased from -83.6 to -78.8 mV. Comparison of the decrease in the potassium equilibrium potential with the decrease in the resting membrane potential suggests that there was an accumulation of potassium at the exterior surface of the cell membrane. The effect of ouabain on the resting membrane potential, therefore, was due to a change in the transmembrane potassium ion gradient. This, in turn, resulted from a decrease in intracellular potassium activity and, apparently, from an increased potassium activity at the cell surface.
Use-dependent facilitation and depression of ?-type Ca2+ current in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes: modulation by Ca2+ and isoprenaline
Authors: S Bates
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: An increase in stimulation frequency can facilitate or depress cardiac Ca2+ current (ICa). The aim was to examine the Ca2+ dependence of these effects, to determine if facilitation is sustained, and to elucidate the mechanism by which isoprenaline modulates facilitation. Methods: We examined the effects of increasing the stimulation frequency for 1 min, from 0.05 to 1 Hz, on ICa recorded from guinea-pig ventricular myocytes, using the whole-cell, voltage-clamp technique. Results: 1 Hz stimulation caused a facilitation of ICa that peaked in 5 s and was followed by depression towards the basal level. Metabolic inhibitors or replacement of extracellular Ca2+ with Ba2+ abolished facilitation without affecting depression, implying that they are independent processes and that facilitation required ATP and Ca2+. Subtraction of the depression observed in either condition, from the response to 1 Hz stimulation recorded under control conditions, revealed that ICa facilitation was well maintained during 1 Hz stimulation. Increased intracellular Ca2+ buffering reduced both phases of the response. Furthermore, varying the extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) revealed a Ca2+-dependent enhancement of depression and a bell-shaped dependence of facilitation on [Ca2+]o. Facilitation increased with [Ca2+]o up to 1 mM, then declined at higher concentrations due to partial masking by the overlapping depression. Isoprenaline produced concentration-dependent inhibition of facilitation and enhancement of depression when pipettes contained 2 mM EGTA, but not BAPTA. For an equivalent increase in ICa amplitude, the effects of isoprenaline and elevated [Ca2+]o on the response to 1 Hz stimulation were quantitatively the same. Conclusions: Facilitation is sustained during increased activity, but appears transient due to overlapping depression. Both responses are promoted by increased submembrane [Ca2+]. Isoprenaline appears to modulate facilitation and depression as a consequence of increased Ca2+ influx, rather than cAMP-dependent phosphorylation. The apparent block of facilitation by isoprenaline may result from masking by the enhanced depression.
Pediatric Telephone Advice: Guidelines for the Health Care Provider on Telephone Triage and Office Management of Common Childhood Symptoms
Authors: Basil J. Zitelli
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The practicing pediatrician spends nearly one eighth of his time on the telephone managing common complaints. Despite this significant time investment, efficient use of the telephone has been a neglected area in physicians' education.<i>Pediatric Telephone Advice</i>by Barton D. Schmitt begins to address the complicated process of managing complaints by phone. The book is specifically designed for a practitioner or a trained nurse in an office setting. The philosophy of the book, however, may need to be altered for use in a pediatric emergency room by pediatric or family practice residents. Here, inexperience and little or no knowledge of family background may require the patient to be seen at an earlier time in the illness. It is imperative that the user of the book read the introduction to become familiar with telephone interview technique as well as the organization of the 185 protocols. The author gives special attention to
Inhibition of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 prevents kidney graft function deterioration due to ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Daniela Cugini, Nadia Azzollini, Elena Gagliardini, Paola Cassis, Riccardo Bertini, Francesco Colotta, Marina Noris, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Ariela Benigni
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Inhibition of Neointimal Proliferation With Low-Dose Irradiation From a β-Particle–Emitting Stent
Authors: John R. Laird, Andrew J. Carter, William M. Kufs, Timothy G. Hoopes, Andrew Farb, Sepideh H. Nott, Robert E. Fischell, David R. Fischell, Renu Virmani, Tim A. Fischell
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Restenosis after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is the major factor limiting the long-term effectiveness of this procedure. Neointimal proliferation in response to arterial injury is an important contributor to restenosis. The use of radiation for the treatment of malignant and benign proliferative conditions has been well established. External beam irradiation and endovascular irradiation by use of an after-loading technique have been shown to inhibit neointimal proliferation in experimental models of restenosis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether low-dose irradiation from a β-particle–emitting stent would inhibit neointimal proliferation after placement in porcine iliac arteries. Methods and Results Fourteen titanium-mesh stents were implanted in the iliac arteries of nine NIH miniature swine. There were seven β-particle–emitting radioisotope stents ( 32 P, activity level 0.14 μCi) and seven control stents ( 31 P, nonradioactive). Treatment effect was assessed by angiography and histomorphological examination of the stented iliac segments 28 days after implantation. There was a significant reduction in neointimal area (1.76±0.37 mm 2 versus 2.81±1.22 mm 2 , P =.05) and percent area stenosis (24.6±2.9% versus 36.0±10.7%, P =.02) within the β-particle–emitting stents compared with the control stents. Neointimal thickness, which was assessed at each wire site, was also significantly less within the treatment stents (0.26±0.04 mm versus 0.38±0.10 mm, P =.012). Scanning electron microscopy was performed on sections from four stents. This demonstrated endothelialization of both the treatment and control stents. There was no excess inflammatory reaction or fibrosis in the media, adventitia, or perivascular space of vessels treated with the β-particle–emitting stent compared with control vessels. At 28 days, there was no difference in smooth muscle cell proliferation as measured by the proliferating cell nuclear antigen index. Conclusions A local, continuous source of low-dose endovascular irradiation via a β-particle–emitting stent inhibits neointimal formation in porcine arteries. This low dose of local irradiation did not prevent endothelialization of the stents. This novel technique offers promise for the prevention of restenosis and warrants further investigation.
The Symbolic Relationship of Breast Cancer Patients to Their Cancer, Cure, Physician, and Themselves
Authors: Suzanne R. Engelman, Ray Craddick
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

This study examined the type of unconscious relationship patients had to their cancer and the extent to which the cancer exhibited its presence through the unconscious of the patients. Before having breast biopsies, 146 tumor patients, between the ages of 17 and 90, were given the Kahn test of symbol arrangement and the lifeline tests. Results of the study using a multivariate analysis of variance that covaried age supported the hypothesis that the presence of a malignant tumor was exhibited prior to biopsy through the unconscious of the patients. Second, compared to the benign tumor patients, the malignant tumor group unconsciously expressed their cure as being more remote. The results suggest that patients whose cancer was expressed through their unconscious before diagnosis may expect to die, despite medical advances which show that early breast cancer detection leads to greater chance of cure. Implications for psychotherapeutic interventions working with patients' belief systems are discussed.
Abstract P1-09-12: The interplay of biologic factors, race, and delivery of care in improving breast cancer outcomes
Authors: JJ Weber, SD Kachare, NA Vohra, TF Fitzgerald, JH Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Importance: A marked disparity exists in the breast cancer mortality of women diagnosed in Eastern North Carolina (ENC) when compared to women diagnosed in the rest of North Carolina (RNC). Objective: To identify modifiable factors associated with the increased mortality of women diagnosed with breast cancer in ENC. Design: Retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with breast cancer in North Carolina between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2007. Setting: North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. Participants: Females diagnosed with either invasive or non-invasive breast cancer in North Carolina during the designated time period. Main Outcome Measures: Race/ethnicity, hormone receptor status, pathologic T, N and stage grouping at the time of diagnosis, delivery of adjuvant chemotherapy, and survival. Results: A total of 27,631 women were diagnosed with breast cancer during the study period. Women in ENC were slightly older than in RNC (59.2 y v. 58.5 y, p&amp;lt;0.001). There was no difference in the pathologic T (p = 0.62), N (p = 0.26) or Stage Grouping (p = 0.25) at diagnosis between ENC and RNC patients. Women in ENC were less likely to be White (68.9% v. 80.0%, &amp;lt;0.001)), ER positive (53.4% v. 59.4%, p&amp;lt;0.001), PR positive (44.8% v. 49.4%, p&amp;lt;0.001), or to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (78.7% v. 81.3%, p = 0.02). The median survival of ENC patients was significantly worse than RNC patients (39 months v. 43 months, p = 0.003). By univariate analysis, improved median survival was associated with ER status (p&amp;lt;0.001), PR status (p&amp;lt;0.001), Race/ethnicity (p&amp;lt;0.001) and delivery of timely chemotherapy (p&amp;lt;0.0001). By Cox Regression analysis, ER negative status (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98, p = 0.01), African American (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99, p = 0.03), and adjuvant chemotherapy within 90 days of surgery (RR 1.40; 95% CI 1.30 to 1.50, p&amp;lt;0.001) remained significant predictors of survival. Conclusions: The poor outcomes observed in ENC can be attributed to recognized prognostic primary patient and tumor characteristics. However a failure in process of care remains significantly associated with poorer outcomes. Improved timing of delivery of chemotherapy could affect breast cancer mortality. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-09-12.
Mapping PAM4 (clivatuzumab), a monoclonal antibody in clinical trials for early detection and therapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, to MUC5AC mucin
Authors: David V Gold, Guy Newsome, Donglin Liu, David M Goldenberg
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2013)

PAM4, an antibody that has high specificity for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), compared to normal pancreas, benign lesions of the pancreas, and cancers originating from other tissues, is being investigated as a biomarker for early detection, as well as antibody-targeted imaging and therapy. Therefore, the identity of the antigen bound by this monoclonal antibody (MAb) can provide information leading to improved use of the antibody. Prior results suggested the antigen is a mucin-type glycoprotein rich in cysteine disulfide bridges that provide stable conformation for the PAM4-epitope. Indirect and sandwich enzyme immunoassays (EIA) were performed to compare and contrast the reactivity of PAM4 with several anti-mucin antibodies having known reactivity to specific mucin species (e.g., MUC1, MUC4, MUC5AC, etc.). Studies designed to block reactivity of PAM4 with its specific antigen also were performed. We demonstrate that MAbs 2-11 M1 and 45 M1, each reactive with MUC5AC, are able to provide signal in a heterologous sandwich immunoassay where PAM4 is the capture antibody. Further, we identify MAbs 21 M1, 62 M1, and 463 M1, each reactive with MUC5AC, as inhibiting the reaction of PAM4 with its specific epitope. MAbs directed to MUC1, MUC3, MUC4, MUC16 and CEACAM6 are not reactive with PAM4-captured antigen, nor are they able to block the reaction of PAM4 with its antigen. These data implicate MUC5AC as a specific mucin species to which PAM4 is reactive. Furthermore, this realization may allow for the improvement of the current PAM4 serum-based immunoassay for detection of early-stage PDAC by the application of anti-MUC5AC MAbs as probes in this sandwich EIA.
Catheterization of the Left Side of the Heart in Man
Authors: HENRY A. ZIMMERMAN, ROY W. SCOTT, NORMAN O. BECKER
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The technic employed in catheterization of the left heart in man is described. A catheter is introduced into the left ulnar artery and passed through the brachial, axillary and subclavian arteries into the arch of the aorta. With the tip of the catheter at the root of the aorta, we have succeeded in entering the left ventricle only in patients with free aortic insufficiency due to syphilis. Failure to pass the aortic valves in normal subjects is discussed.
Parachute deformity of the mitral valve
Authors: J. H. N. Bett, P. G. I. Stovin
Journal: Thorax (1969)

A case of parachute deformity of the mitral valve, a rare congenital form of mitral stenosis characterized by insertion of the chordae tendineae into a single posterior papillary muscle, is described in an 11-year-old girl. The eleven other cases in the English literature are reviewed.
Changing the Organization of Health Care—Reply
Authors: Michael E. Porter, Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Farmer's hip.
Authors: R. J. Cunningham
Journal: BMJ (1992)

metal's angina are both given as contraindications in the datasheet for sumatriptan; the datasheet also includes advice against the concomitant use of ergotamine.Willett and colleagues' report there- fore clearly highlights the need for these warnings and emphasises that sumatriptan should be avoided if there is a history of ischaemic heart disease or undiagnosed chest pain.
Relation between genetic variants of the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) gene, drug resistance, clinical outcome and predisposition to childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: M Meier, M L den Boer, A G Hall, J A E Irving, M Passier, L Minto, E R van Wering, G E Janka-Schaub, R Pieters
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Trial of Chloramphenicol for Meningitis in Northern Savanna of Africa
Authors: H. C. Whittle, N. McD. Davidson, B. M. Greenwood, D. A. Warrell, A. Tomkins, P. Tugwell, A. Zalin, A. D. M. Bryceson, E. H. O. Parry, M. Brueton, M. Duggan, A. D. Rajkovic
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a controlled trial chloramphenicol proved as effective and much cheaper than penicillin for the treatment of group A meningococcal meningitis in Zaria, Nigeria. A short course of five days cured most patients. Adults and older children were soon able to take chloramphenicol by mouth, which reduced the cost and simplified treatment. It is suggested that chloramphenicol is a suitable alternative to sulphonamides for the treatment of meningococcal meningitis in those parts of Africa where the organism is sulphonamide-resistant.
HBV, HIV, and the Proscription of Intercourse
Authors: Ralph H. Harder
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I worry about the loss of objectivity and of a scientific approach in current research, at least in dealing with certain sacred subjects. In the article by Kingsley et al,<sup>1</sup>the authors' study showed convincingly that hepatitis B virus is transmitted much more easily than is human immunodeficiency virus in homosexuals and that the penile urethra is more sensitive to disease than is the anus. But from whence do they draw their conclusion that the use of a condom is beneficial? The use of a condom was not even a part of their study. A much more valid and useful conclusion, it would seem, is that anal insertive intercourse is inherently dangerous and should be proscribed.
Influenza Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: William A. Sibley, Colin R. Bamford, Jose F. Laguna
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Vaccination was well tolerated by 93 patients with multiple sclerosis who received a total of 209 doses of influenza vaccine. In one patient, evidence of a new lesion developed after vaccination; the relapse rate was less than would be expected in the natural course of the illness. Toxic and allergic reactions appeared with 7% and 0.5% of the vaccinations, respectively—a rate no higher than that observed in the general population. (<i>JAMA</i>236:1965-1966, 1976)
Treatment of Goiter for Cosmetic Reasons
Authors: GERALD BURKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1988Treatment of Goiter for Cosmetic ReasonsGERALD BURKE, M.D.GERALD BURKE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-3-482_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Kay and colleagues (1) reported the case of a patient who had Graves disease induced by radioactive iodine. Without commenting on the authors' findings or the conclusions they derived, I find the authors practice of treating nontoxic multinodular goiter, presumably ". . . to decrease the goiter size, mainly for cosmetic reasons . . ." highly problematic, and one that should have elicited concern on the part of your reviewers....Reference1. KAYHEYMAHARRISONMARTIN TPLF. Graves disease induced by radioactive iodine. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107:857-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1988Volume 108, Issue 3Page: 482-482 Issue Published: 1 March 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Allergy to Local Anesthetics
Authors: L. R. Beam
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the comments concerning "Allergy to Local Anesthetics" (<b>207</b>:356, 1969), the final paragraph reads in part "from our studies, it is assumed that patients can safely receive the drugs to which they do not respond." Other evidence suggests one cannot so assume because the antigen responsible for anaphylaxis may be a metabolic product of the original chemical not antigenically the same as the parent drug. Skin tests may be nonreactive, yet administration of the drug could lead to a serious, possibly fatal, reaction. Such reactions seem to be due to a different antibody than those which cause urticaria and angioedema or Arthus-type local reactions.
Abstract 3911: Functional copy number alterations (CNAS) in oral cancer
Authors: Luc G. Morris, Ian Ganly, Barry Taylor, Bhuvanesh Singh, Agnes Viale, Adriana Heguy, Timothy A. Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Alterations in DNA copy number can functionally affect genes and produce a transformed cancer phenotype. Discoevery of novel cancer genes can be facilitated by identifying genomic regions undergoing frequent, significant alteration. Array comparative genomic hybridization techniques have generated vast amounts of raw copy number data requiring computational analysis to identify aberrations likely to be functional. In this analysis, we present data from a comprehensive computational approach designed to robustly map chromosomal aberrations in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Methods: DNA was extracted from 31 microdissected OCSCC frozen tumors and hybridized with reference DNA on the Agilent 1M copy number array, containing nearly 1 million probes across the genome at high resolution. The RAE computational framework was used to identify CNAs. In this analysis, segmentation of probe data is first performed using paired reference HapMap data and individual-tumor thresholds to account for stromal admixture and tumor heterogeneity. Scores (single-copy gain, amplification, hemizygous loss, homozygous deletion) are then assigned, followed by soft discrimination thresholding and significance testing with false discovery rate correction. Regions of interest (ROIs) are then agnostically identified as regions of significant (FDR&amp;lt;0.01) alteration, expanded to adjacent loci to account for spatial and amplitude uncertainty. Finally, described copy number polymorphisms were excluded. Results: 49 ROIs were identified, 27 amplification regions (chromosomes 3,4,5,7,8,9,11,16,18,20,21) and 22 deletion regions (chromosomes 2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,13,15,16,18,19). ROIs ranged in prevalence from 6.5-77.4% of samples, and encompassed 0-483 genes (total=2799, median=4), and 0-13 microRNAs (total=77, median=0). Eleven ROIs were focal intragenic CNAs. Four ROIs contained no named genes or microRNAs. Hierarchical clustering identified 3 clusters, based on escalating levels of CNA. Complete gene details of the 49 ROIs will be presented. Conclusions: We report significant regions of CNA in oral cancer, by applying a robust computational framework to identify recurrent chromosomal aberrations in OCSCC, which represent highly significant candidate functional events. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3911. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3911
A third of 18-19 year olds use the emergency pill
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The emergency contraceptive pill is much more popular than the emergency intra-uterine device among women seeking contraception after intercourse, a new report has said.

The report, published by the Office for National Statistics, for the year 1999, showed that of women who knew about emergency contraception, 11% had used the emergency contraceptive pill in …