tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ruptured Pancreatic Pseudocysts: Diagnosis by Endoscopy
Authors: A. Bretholz, J. Lämmli, P. Corrodi, M. Knoblauch
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

Report on 3 cases of spontaneous perforation of a pancreatic pseudocyst into the stomach; presenting symptom was in each case an acute upper GI-bleeding. The pseudocyst was endoscopically seen as a well delineated, hemorrhagic protrusion into the stomach. After full perforation the spontaneous ostium had the appearance of a surgical anastomosis. High amylase concentration in the aspirate ave further diagnostic evidence. All 3 patients survived, 2 of them without surgery.
Discordant Emptying From Hiatal Hernia and Stomach With Severe Esophageal Reflux Demonstrated by Gastric Scintigraphy
Authors: Michael E. Witkosky, Alan D. Waxman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

There have been numerous reports on the efficacy of gastric emptying scintigraphy and their evaluation of hiatal hernias. We report the case of a 71-year-old woman sent for gastric scintigraphy prior to lung transplantation. The patient had a known history of hiatal hernia (seen on a prior CT scan), which demonstrated a significant delay in emptying in addition to reflux into the proximal esophagus on gastric scintigraphy. Interestingly, the patient's gastric emptying rate was normal.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone ameliorates acute kidney injury by steroidogenic-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Jin Si, Yan Ge, Shougang Zhuang, Li Juan Wang, Shan Chen, Rujun Gong
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has a renoprotective effect in chronic kidney disease; however, its effect on acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unknown. In a rat model of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced AKI, we found that ACTH gel prevented kidney injury, corrected acute renal dysfunction, and improved survival. Morphologically, ACTH gel ameliorated TNF-induced acute tubular necrosis, associated with a reduction in tubular apoptosis. While the steroidogenic response to ACTH gel plateaued, the kidney-protective effect continued to increase at even higher doses, suggesting steroid-independent mechanisms. Of note, ACTH also acts as a key agonist of the melanocortin system, with its cognate melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) abundantly expressed in renal tubules. In TNF-injured tubular epithelial cells in vitro, ACTH reinstated cellular viability and eliminated apoptosis. This beneficial effect was blunted in MC1R-silenced cells, suggesting that this receptor mediates the anti-apoptotic signaling of ACTH. Moreover, ACTH gel protected mice against cecal ligation puncture-induced septic AKI better than α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone: a protein equal in biological activity to ACTH except for steroidogenesis. Thus, ACTH has additive renoprotective actions achieved by both steroid-dependent mechanisms and MC1R-directed anti-apoptosis. ACTH may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent or treat AKI.
A NEGATIVE STRESS PERFUSION CMR SAFELY PERMITS DEFERRAL OF REVASCULARISATION IN PATIENTS WITH AN INDETERMINATE CORONARY STENOSIS
Authors: Angela Bertaso, James D. Richardson, Hussam Tayeb, Adam J. Nelson, Rishi Puri, Angelo Carbone, Benjamin K. Dundon, Payman Molaee, Kerry Williams, Matthew I. Worthley, Karen Teo, Stephen G. Worthley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Tumor Detection with 1-Aminocyclopentane and 1-Aminocyclobutane C-11-Carboxylic Acid Using Positron Emission Computerized Tomography
Authors: KARL F. H??BNER, STEPHEN KRAUSS, LEE C. WASHBURN, WILLIAM D. GIBBS, ELIZABETH C. HOLLOWAY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Eight patients with proven or suspected neoplastic lesions were examined with 1-aminocyclobutane C-11-carboxylic acid and 1-aminocyclopentane C-11-carboxylic acid using positron emission computed tomography. The results of this comparative study have shown that both of these unnatural amino acids have a high affinity for malignant tumors. The potential of nonmetabolizable C-11-labeled amino acids as noninvasive indicators of metabolic tumor activity is demonstrated and discussed.
Internal-External Control and Headache Response to Biofeedback and Psychotherapy
Authors: Stephen I. Abramowitz, Noa Wieselberg Bell, Carlyle H. Folkins, Diane Wolfe, Curtiss DuRand
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

This study was undertaken to determine the comparative validity of two competing hypotheses derived from different conceptualizations of internal versus external control. On the basis of the premise that this dimension is merely a belief on the periphery of personality, it was predicted that headache patients who felt that they could exert some influence over their own health would become more involved in and hence derive more benefit from both psychotherapy and biofeedback than their counterparts who did not believe that their own efforts could affect their health status. Following the assumption that locus of control is a manifestation of an underlying need, however, it was predicted that externally oriented headache patients would respond more favorable to the structure provided by biofeedback than would their internally oriented counterparts, whereas internals would fare better than externals in the relatively less directive arena of psychotherapy. Although the results were mixed, they tend on balance to offer differential support for the interaction hypothesis and hence for the formulation of locus of control as a reflection of an underlying need rather than as a superficial belief.
The Synergistic Triangle
Authors: Richard S. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The first century of Johns Hopkins Medicine has been spectacularly successful. People, ideas, and new techniques all flowed from the new institution and changed medicine and medical education throughout the world. The celebration of the centennial stimulates us to look back, identify the reasons for that success, and make sure they are incorporated into planning for our next century. I believe the key to the success of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions has been a synergistic balance of research, teaching, and patient care. We think of these three activities as forming a triangle, and this triangle provides the strength and stability essential for all our endeavors. The dean's job is to ensure that all three sides of the triangle grow at the same rate. There are, and have always been, forces in the environment that tend to stimulate the growth of one or the other of the three sides. For
Big US health insurer gives doctors final say in treatment
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The United Health Group, the second biggest managed care company in the United States, has told doctors that they will no longer require prior approval before carrying out most medical and surgical procedures. It is closing its utilisation review division, which runs its prior authorisation procedures.

The group—which insures 14.5 million people, including 8.7 million in managed care units—found that requests for approval of care were almost always granted; it had …
Coffee Consumption and Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: J. Arnlov
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2829: Activity of EP-100 in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - synergy in combination
Authors: Carola Leuschner, Ann Coulter, Cody Giardina, Hector W. Alila
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract EP-100 is a targeted anti-cancer peptide comprised of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone (LHRH) fused to a membrane-disrupting peptide (MDP). It is currently in Phase 1 clinical trial in tumors that over-express LHRH receptors. EP-100 kills cancer cells directly via membrane disruption. We tested a combination of EP-100 and doxorubicin in multi-drug resistant Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) cell lines and primary cells from refractory/relapsed NHL patients. Cells were cultured in the presence of EP-100 (0.00001-100 μM) or unconjugated MDP alone or in combination with doxorubicin (0.0000056 - 56.5 µM) and EP 100 at 0.5, 5, 50 and 500 nM. Cytotoxicity was determined by membrane integrity and cell viability assays. LHRH receptor expression was determined by flow cytometry. The effect of EP-100 on purified human recombinant p-glycoprotein (h-pgp) pump was measured by ATPase activity. The IC50 values [µM] for EP-100 alone were 0.52±0.13, 0.95±0.2, 2.8±0.5, 0.9±0.13 and values for unconjugated MDP were 59±1.5, 25.6±1.7, 6.1±0.8 after 5 h of incubation for Daudi, Raji, Toledo, Hut78 cells, respectively. EP-100 specifically killed NHL patient cells and unconjugated MDP was ineffective. The IC50 values for EP-100 were 1.2 ± 0.1µM for cells obtained from three Mantle Cell Lymphoma patients (N=3), 2.3± 0.1 µM for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma patient (N=1), 1.7± 0.3 µM for Follicular Lymphoma patients (N=4), and 1.6 ± 0.1 µM for one Waldenstr[[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#337;]]m Macroglobunemia patient. EP-100 or unconjugated MDP did not kill B-cells from normal subjects (N=2) after 5 hour incubation. LHRH receptors were over-expressed on cell lines and patient cells. Combination of EP-100 with doxorubicin resulted in synergistic responses after 72 hours of incubation and Combination Index was &amp;lt;1. EP-100 directly inhibited the h-pgp ATPase activity. These results show that specific killing of NHL cells by EP-100 is mediated via over-expression of LHRH receptors and the synergy between EP-100 and doxorubicin is due to direct inhibition of EP-100 on h-pgp pump. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2829. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2829
Reciprocal Relationship Between a Ph‐Negative Clone With Trisomy 8 Associated With Severe Myelodysplasia and a Ph‐Positive Clone Following Imatinib Treatment in a Patient With Accelerated‐Phase Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Authors: Paulina Patchenko, Abraham Klepfish, Luba Trakhtenbrot, Rachel Rothman, Eliezer A Rachmilewitz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

To the Editor: Neurotoxicity is a well-recognized complication following high-dose cytosine arabinoside (HIDAC).The pathophysiology of this toxicity is unknown, although an immune-mediated mechanism is hypothesized.We describe a patient with AML who suffered both cerebellar toxicity and peripheral neuropathy following high-dose cytarabine and showed excellent response to methylprednisolone.A 40-year-old married woman was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, FAB-M2, in August 2002.She received standard induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and daunorubicin in 7-day and 3-day regimens, respectively.Her bone marrow on day 21 showed marrow to be in remission.She was given consolidation chemotherapy in the form of HIDAC in the dose of 3 g/m 2 twice daily.She developed high-grade fever on day 3, and the last dose of HIDAC was withheld.She received a total of 22.5 g of cytarabine.On day 7, she developed slurring of speech followed by gait ataxia, diplopia, dysmetria, and dysdiadochokinesia.Brain MRI on day 10 showed early cerebellar atrophy.On day 35, she noted increased weakness and paresthesias of upper and lower limbs but without an increase in uncoordination.She had proximal muscle weakness of both upper and lower limbs, absent deep tendon reflexes along with impaired joint position, and light touch sensation in a glove-and-stocking pattern.Her nerve conduction study was suggestive of distal symmetrical sensorimotor largefiber polyneuropathy.A sural nerve biopsy was nondiagnostic.Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed no cells, proteins 45 mg (40-75 mg), sugar 54 mg (corresponding blood sugar 78 mg).She was administered methyl prednisolone 1 g IV each day for 3 days followed by oral steroids (1 mg/kg).After about 6 days, she started showing improvement in her power.She continued to improve gradually.Her power in the lower and upper limbs along with cerebellar functions improved by more than 90% over next 3-4 weeks.She was able to walk independently with no uncoordination.She refused any further chemotherapy, relapsed 3 months later, and died.The present case describes a patient with AML who had both cerebellar toxicity and peripheral neuropathy, thus implicating HIDAC as the causative agent [1][2][3].The cause of peripheral neuropathy has been attributed to
Endoscopic detection of ischaemia with a new probe indicates low oxygenation of gastric epithelium in portal hypertensive gastropathy.
Authors: C Piasecki, J Chin, L Greenslade, N McIntyre, A K Burroughs, P A McCormick
Journal: Gut (1995)

Changes in mucosal blood flow may be important in the pathogenesis of many conditions. Study of mucosal blood perfusion is difficult, and available methods have significant technical limitations. This study describes the development of an instrument for endoscopy, which indicates blood flow indirectly, by measuring the quantity of tissue oxygen that can diffuse from the mucosa to a luminal surface electrode. The instrument was used through an endoscope in patients with portal hypertension (n = 14), scleroderma (n = 3), disease controls (n = 7), and normal controls (n = 11). In portal hypertension readings were one quarter that in normal controls in both antrum (geometric mean (SEM) 35 (1.1)), nanoamps v 137 (1.1), and upper corpus 34 (1.1) v 125 (1.1)). Scleroderma patients showed greatly reduced oxygen readings in both antrum (18 (1.2)) and corpus (24 (1.2)), an expected but hitherto undiscovered result. These differences are highly significant (p = 0.0001), and the findings suggest that tissue hypoxia may contribute to mucosal changes in portal hypertensive gastropathy and in scleroderma.
A meta-analysis of survival rates of untreated patients in randomized clinical trials of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Giuseppe Cabibbo, Marco Enea, Massimo Attanasio, Jordi Bruix, Antonio Craxì, Calogero Cammà
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Knowing the spontaneous outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is important for designing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of new therapeutic approaches; however, survival of patients in the absence of treatment is highly variable, and prognostic factors influencing outcomes are incompletely defined. The aims of this meta-analysis were to estimate the 1-year and 2-year survival rates of untreated HCC patients enrolled in RCTs of palliative treatments, and to identify prognostic factors. RCTs evaluating therapies for HCC with placebo or no-treatment arms were identified on MEDLINE through April 2009. Data were combined in a random effect model. Primary outcomes were 1-year and 2-year survival. Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of the survival rates were 17.5% at 1 year (95% confidence interval [95%CI], 11%-27%; range, 0%-75%) and 7.3% at 2 years (95%CI, 3.9%-13%; range, 0%-50%). Heterogeneity among studies was highly significant (P < 0.0001) both for 1-year and 2-year survival, and persisted when RCTs were stratified according to all patient and study features. Through meta-regression, impaired performance status, Child-Pugh B-C class, and presence of portal vein thrombosis were all independently associated with shorter survival. Ascites was strongly linked to a worse outcome in intermediate/advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages. Conclusion: This meta-analysis confirms the heterogeneity of behavior of untreated HCC and provides a sound basis for stratifying patients with HCC according to expected survival in future trials of new anti-cancer agents. (HEPATOLOGY 2010.)
A lung-specific neo-antigen elicits specific CD8+ T cell tolerance with preserved CD4+ T cell reactivity. Implications for immune-mediated lung disease.
Authors: R I Enelow, M H Stoler, A Srikiatkhachorn, C Kerlakian, S Agersborg, J A Whitsett, T J Braciale
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The A/Japan/57 influenza hemagglutinin (HA) was expressed in BALB/c mice under the transcriptional control of the surfactant protein C (SP-C) promoter, resulting in expression of HA in type II alveolar epithelial cells, as well as low level variable expression in other tissues, including the thymus in some of the founder lines. Transgenic animals were able to recover from infection with A/Japan/57 influenza, and they were able to mount antibody responses to A/Japan/57 HA in titers similar to wild type. We therefore tested their CD4+ T lymphocyte responses to HA and found them to be similar to wild type responses. However, CD8+ T cells from A/Japan/57-infected transgenic animals were unable to express cytolytic activity against target cells expressing the A/Japan/57 HA. The CD8+ T cell tolerance was also extremely specific, since transgenics immunized with an influenza strain containing a single amino acid substitution in a dominant HA epitope were able to mount full cytolytic responses to that epitope, but not the wild-type epitope. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cell clones into transgenic animals resulted extensive interstitial pneumonitis that was antigen-specific and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We conclude that a lung-specific transgene may lead to specific CD8+ T cell tolerance, with CD4+ T cell and B cell reactivity to the antigen, and that CD4+ T cell reactivity may remain intact to an antigen expressed in the thymus, even when CD8+ T cell tolerance exists. This observation may have profound implications concerning immune-mediated lung diseases, particularly those mediated by CD4+ T cells.
The effect of oral drugs on the cytologic picture of nasal mucosa in hay fever
Authors: B. Tarchalska‐Kryńska, E. Zawisza
Journal: Allergy (1993)

The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of H1-antihistamine and sympathomimetic drugs given orally on cytologic smears of the nasal mucosa. Thirty-five patients with hay fever evaluated cytologic smears of the nasal mucosa before and after a 2-week treatment. Fourteen patients received chlorpheniramine with phenylephrine, 10 patients dexchlorpheniramine, and 11 patients pseudoephedrine. The investigated drugs significantly changed nasal cytograms. The number of eosinophils increased after chlorpheniramine with phenylephrine and after pseudoephedrine but decreased after dexchlorpheniramine. Thus, the sympathetic nervous system stimulation seems to produce local eosinophilia on the nasal mucosa. In view of such a significant correlation between hay fever symptoms and the number of eosinophils in the cytograms, it can be concluded that the combination of antihistamine and sympathomimetic drugs may adversely affect the course of the disease. Although, at the initial stage of the treatment, sympathomimetics reduce swelling and improve the patency of the nose through decongestion of the blood vessels, their negative effect can influence the immunologic mechanisms.
Silibinin Prevents Lung Tumorigenesis in Wild-Type but not in iNOS−/− Mice: Potential of Real-Time Micro-CT in Lung Cancer Chemoprevention Studies
Authors: Kumaraguruparan Ramasamy, Lori D. Dwyer-Nield, Natalie J. Serkova, Kendra M. Hasebroock, Alpna Tyagi, Komal Raina, Rana P. Singh, Alvin M. Malkinson, Rajesh Agarwal
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Sustained nitric oxide (NO) generation positively correlates with lung cancer development and progression. Herein, we genetically confirmed this role of iNOS and evaluated the chemopreventive efficacy of silibinin in carcinogen-treated B6/129 wild-type (WT) and iNOS(-/-) mice.
Eating their cake and having it too: Or, how women maximize reproductive success by simultaneous mating and dating
Authors: Gwen J. Broude
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Data support the claim from the target article that women, both cross-culturally and historically, have employed a variety of mating strategies, marrying but also engaging in short-term unions. But those strategies appear to be practiced simultaneously and not conditionally as Gangestad &amp; Simpson propose, a finding consistent with assumed constraints on the potential reproductive success of females.
The Randomized Phase 3 Impala Study: Immunomodulatory Maintenance Therapy with TLR-9 Agonist MGN1703 in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Cunningham David, Zurlo Alfredo, Salazar Ramon, Ducreux Michel, Waddell Tom, Stein Alexander, Tournigand Christophe, Scheithauer Werner, Sobrero Alberto, Van Cutsem Eric, Arnold Dirk
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Framing Scientific Analyses for Risk Management of Environmental Hazards by Communities: Case Studies with Seafood Safety Issues
Authors: Nancy L. Judd, Christina H. Drew, Chetana Acharya, Todd A. Mitchell, Jamie L. Donatuto, Gary W. Burns, Thomas M. Burbacher, Elaine M. Faustman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Risk management provides a context for addressing environmental health hazards. Critical to this approach is the identification of key opportunities for participation. We applied a framework based on the National Research Council's (NRC) analytic–deliberative risk management dialogue model that illustrates two main iterative processes: informing and framing. The informing process involves conveying information from analyses of risk issues, often scientific, to all parties so they can participate in deliberation. In the framing process, ideas and concerns from stakeholder deliberations help determine what and how scientific analyses will be carried out. There are few activities through which affected parties can convey their ideas from deliberative processes for framing scientific analyses. The absence of participation results in one-way communication. The analytic–deliberative dialogue, as envisioned by the NRC and promoted by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), underscores the importance of two-way communication. In this article we present case studies of three groups—an Asian and Pacific Islander community coalition and two Native American Tribes—active in framing scientific analyses of health risks related to contaminated seafood. Contacts with these organizations were established or enhanced through a regional NIEHS town meeting. The reasons for concern, participation, approaches, and funding sources were different for each group. Benefits from their activities include increased community involvement and ownership, better focusing of analytical processes, and improved accuracy and appropriateness of risk management. These examples present a spectrum of options for increasing community involvement in framing analyses and highlight the need for increased support of such activities.