tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anomalous First Rib as a Cause of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Harry Siderys
Journal: JAMA (1967)

THE THORACIC outlet syndrome is a well-known clinical entity. Reports of neurovascular compression by a cervical rib, the scalenus anticus muscle, deformity of the clavicle, and other anatomical variations have appeared frequently. Although anomalous first ribs also distort the thoracic outlet, they have only rarely appeared in the literature as a cause of the syndrome. Two cases of thoracic outlet syndrome associated with anomalous first ribs are presented. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 32-year-old white man was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the left shoulder and hand. He stated that when he was 20 years old he became aware of a painful mass in the left supraclavicular space. This mass was hard and tender, and pain in the region of the mass was associated with pain in the left axilla and along the medial aspect of his left arm. The pain descended down his left forearm
"TOXEMIA OF SUPERFICIAL BURNS"
Authors: W. Edward Gallie
Journal: JAMA (1924)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —In The Journal, January 5, I notice an editorial entitled Toxemia of Superficial Burns, in which a short review of the paper by Robertson and Boyd of Toronto, published in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, October, 1923, appears. In this editorial you state that the findings do not bring us nearer to a successful scheme for antitoxic treatment. While this is undoubtedly true, I should like to call to your attention the fact that the findings have brought us to a successful scheme of treatment, although it is not antitoxic in character.Robertson and Boyd (Toxemia of Severe Superficial Burns in Children, Am. J. Dis. Child.25:163 [Feb.] 1923) describe a method of treatment known as exsanguination transfusion. This treatment is based on the scientific findings outlined in the recent paper in the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. It is being continually used
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> ATPase (SERCA) 1a Structurally Substitutes for SERCA2a in the Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and Increases Cardiac Ca <sup>2+</sup> Handling Capacity
Authors: M. Jane Lalli, Ji Yong, Vikram Prasad, Katsuji Hashimoto, Dave Plank, Gopal J. Babu, Darryl Kirkpatrick, Richard A. Walsh, Mark Sussman, Atsuko Yatani, Eduardo Marbán, Muthu Periasamy
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Ectopic expression of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA) 1a pump in the mouse heart results in a 2.5-fold increase in total SERCA pump level. SERCA1a hearts show increased rates of contraction/relaxation and enhanced Ca(2+) transients; however, the cellular mechanisms underlying altered Ca(2+) handling in SERCA1a transgenic (TG) hearts are unknown. In this study, using confocal microscopy, we demonstrate that SERCA1a protein traffics to the cardiac SR and structurally substitutes for the endogenous SERCA2a isoform. SR Ca(2+) load measurements revealed that TG myocytes have significantly enhanced SR Ca(2+) load. Confocal line-scan images of field-stimulated SR Ca(2+) release showed an increased rate of Ca(2+) removal in TG myocytes. On the other hand, ryanodine receptor binding activity was decreased by approximately 30%. However, TG myocytes had a greater rate of spontaneous ryanodine receptor opening as measured by spark frequency. Whole-cell L-type Ca(2+) current density was reduced by approximately 50%, whereas the time course of inactivation was unchanged in TG myocytes. These studies provide important evidence that SERCA1a can substitute both structurally and functionally for SERCA2a in the heart and that SERCA1a overexpression can be used to enhance SR Ca(2+) transport and cardiac contractility.
Mechanism of action of toxic halogenated aromatics.
Authors: A E Vickers, T C Sloop, G W Lucier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons are a highly toxic class of environmental contaminants, as evidenced by numerous cases of accidental poisonings of human and animal populations and their extreme toxic potency in laboratory animals. The proposed model for the mechanism of action of TCDD and related compounds is analogous to that of the steroid hormones, which modulate gene expression through a receptor mechanism. In the steroid receptor model, the compound enters the cell cytoplasm where it acts as a specific ligand, binding selectively to a high affinity receptor protein. Bound to the appropriate ligand, the receptor concentrates in the nucleus where its increased association with chromatin leads to altered gene expression. This model has been useful in characterizing the Ah receptor; however, it does not provide a unifying hypothesis for all biochemical and toxic effects associated with exposure to halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Several findings suggest that a primary factor in determining TCDD toxicity might be tissue and species specific factors that control the actions of Ah receptor(s) in target tissues. Furthermore, numerous mechanisms might be involved. Clarifying the mechanism(s) for TCDD toxicity would enhance our ability to predict human health consequences to toxic halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons and would provide a more rational basis for risk analysis.
XYLENE FOR REMOVAL OF WAX
Authors: C. T. Sharpe
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Recently I had to treat two patients with hands severely burned by the overturning of a pot of hot sealing wax. What promised to be a very painful and tedious task was made easy by the use of xylene. Absorbent cotton was saturated with xylene and placed over the sealing wax. In a few minutes the wax had softened where it was thinnest and peeled off as the cotton was removed. Over the areas where there was a thicker layer of wax it was necessary to leave the saturated cotton longer and to aid in the removal of the wax by using dressing forceps. In both cases the wax came off without injuring the blistered skin. Both patients were delighted with the results and neither complained of any irritation from the xylene, a common experience when it is used to remove adhesive plaster. This use of xylene
CSL112, A NOVEL FORMULATION OF HUMAN APOA-I, RAPIDLY ENHANCES CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX CAPACITY OF PLASMA FOLLOWING INFUSION
Authors: Rachael Easton, Svetlana Diditchenko, Martin Spycher, Marcel Waelchli, Martin Imboden, Sabrina Schenk, Ingo Pragst, Samuel D. Wright, CSL Behring AG
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Time to leave home
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Time to leave homeThese are bad times for the NHS.The words "crisis" and "meltdown" are flying around and few people say these are exaggerations.While the health secretary Patricia Hewitt maintains an impressive Thatcheresque public facade, her department is believed to be in panic.Record spending has delivered record deficits and uncertain value for money.For the first time in anyone's memory, sizeable numbers of NHS staff are losing their jobs (News, p 743).How has this happened and what's to be done?Last week's edition of the BBC's Panorama roundly blamed the government.It concluded that ministers had gravely miscalculated the cost of their reforms, especially the doctors' pay awards.Interviewed on the programme, John Appleby, senior economist at the King's Fund, agreed.The Department of Health must take the blame, he said, because it sets both the NHS's cost environment (most notably the doctors' pay increases) and its targets.But government ministers blame managers.On Panorama Patricia Hewitt spoke of "a few bad apples"-incompetent managers who have failed to balance their books-and a culture of overspending.The managers interviewed on the programme cried foul.They said they had done what the government asked.They had met government pay awards and targets on waiting times, only to be told that there was no money for this additional activity.New accounting rules mean they must pay off the deficit and have the same amount deducted from next year's budget.As the NHS slows down, perhaps to a standstill, two things are particularly depressing.First is the missed opportunity.The government found huge amounts of taxpayers' money and poured it into the NHS.Nothing like this is likely to happen again in our lifetimes.Second is the waste of energy and goodwill as staff and patients are buffeted by one policy change after another, often seeming to bring us full circle.And we are left not knowing whether we have gone too far with these reforms or not far enough.Are these the NHS's death throes or just the end of a painful adolescence?If this crisis tells us anything it is that health care is too important to be left to politicians.Five or even 10 year terms of office do not lend themselves to long term strategic planning.If the NHS-the 33rd largest economy in the world-is to stop being a political football kicked from one party's version of an internal market to another's, it needs to be protected from party politics.An independent NHS authority (or four authorities for England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland) could do this.Each would be run by a board of governors responsible for managing health care within a set budget and a broad political framework.The analogy to that other great British institution, the BBC, is obvious.Gordon Brown's first act as chancellor was to give the Bank of England independence to set interest rates.His first act as prime minister should be to give independence to the NHS.
600 THE 14BP-DELETION POLYMORPHISM IN HLA-G GENE CONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) IN BRAZILIAN POPULATION
Authors: A.C. Teixeira, E. Castelli, F. Souza, C. Cantñao, S. Ferreira, C. Mendes-Junior, N. Deghaide, E. Mente, A. Sankarankutty, S. Zucoloto, L. Ramalho, J. Crispim, O. Castro-e-Silva, E. Donadi, A.L.C. Martinelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
The miR-17-92 cluster expands multipotent hematopoietic progenitors whereas imbalanced expression of its individual oncogenic miRNAs promotes leukemia in mice
Authors: Yanmei Li, Laura M. Vecchiarelli-Federico, You-Jun Li, Sean E. Egan, David Spaner, Margaret R. Hough, Yaacov Ben-David
Journal: Blood (2012)
Coronary Artery Surgery: The Use of Decision Analysis
Authors: STEPHEN G. PAUKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

The choice between coronary by-pass surgery and medical therapy in patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease was examined. This decision analysis included consideration of patient preferences, severity of disease, prognosis with medical therapy, surgical mortality rate, graft patency rate, the probability that surgery will provide both short-term and long-term pain relief, and the probability that surgery will alter long-term survival. Coronary surgery was found to be the preferred therapy in many patients with disabling angina; it was rarely found to be the preferred therapy in asymptomatic patients, even those with proximal obstruction of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The therapeutic decision was strongly affected by differences in patient attitudes and differences in the past results of the prospective surgeon. This paper presents both a data base and a methodology that allow the physician to apply decision analysis to individual patients with coronary artery disease.
Protective value of dietary copper and iron against some toxic effects of lead in rats.
Authors: D S Klauder, H G Petering
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Both dietary iron and copper were inversely related to lead absorption as indicated by erythrocyte and kidney lead levels, dietary iron having the greatest effect. Kidney copper values were depressed when dietary iron was low, a condition which was worsened by lead. Lead tended to lower heart cytochrome c oxidase especially when dietary copper was low, but also when dietary copper and zinc were high. Lead interfered with hematopoiesis when dietary copper and/or iron were low, the effect being expecially severe when both essential nutrients were low. These results show the importance of copper and iron nutriture and metabolism as factors which reduce lead toxicity, and emphasize the necessity of considering nutritional status in evaluating lead toxicity.
Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza A and B: Antivirals need to be protected from adverse conditions to retain effectiveness
Authors: S. C Arya
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR–Cooper et al outlined the role of neurominadase inhibitors in prophylaxis against and treatment of influenza.1 These agents would be important during the early phase of any outbreak of influenza. Nevertheless, their efficacy would be reduced if …
Clinical Chemistry: Principles, Procedures, Correlations
Authors: Marcia Stowell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The editors of this fine text state that it is meant to be a "comprehensive, up-to-date, and easy-to-understand textbook for all levels of students." It is by this standard that we have approached<i>Clinical Chemistry</i>. The editors state also that the book resulted from discussions concerning the " 'ideal' book for clinical chemistry." Let us point out that they are well on the way. We are in a unique position to discuss this book, as independently we had selected it for our medical technology program, specifically, for the students' clinical chemistry rotation. At the time of this writing, our teachers and students have had experience with the textbook. Because our program, like most others, requires students to learn a great amount in a brief period of time, it is important that their reference texts be concise, comprehensive, and, above all, readable. We feel that this text meets these requirements; students do
Factor XI deficiency in women
Authors: R.A. Kadir, D.L. Economides, C.A. Lee
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Factor XI (FXI) deficiency is an uncommon autosomally transmitted coagulopathy found predominantly in Jewish kindreds. It is associated with variable bleeding tendency that usually manifests after trauma, surgery, or other challenges to hemostasis. Therefore, women with FXI deficiency are at risk of excessive bleeding during their menstrual periods, childbirth, and after surgery. Increased awareness and close collaboration among hematologists, obstetricians, and gynecologists and availability of management guidelines is essential to minimize these risks. This review provides data from current research in FXI deficiency and pregnancy care, menstrual problems, and the role of screening for this disorder in women referred with menorrhagia. Am. J. Hematol. 60:48–54, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Mixed connective tissue disease associated with autoimmune hepatitis and thyroiditis.
Authors: M Tomsic, V Ferlan-Marolt, T Kveder, S Hojker, B Rozman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The case is reported of a 27 year old woman who had mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) associated with chronic active hepatitis and thyroiditis. Although hepatomegaly is sometimes observed in MCTD, only four cases of MCTD and chronic active hepatitis have been described. It is thought that this is the first report of an association between MCTD, chronic active hepatitis and thyroiditis.
Epistatic interaction between KIR3DS1 and HLA-B delays the progression to AIDS
Authors: Maureen P. Martin, Xiaojiang Gao, Jeong-Hee Lee, George W. Nelson, Roger Detels, James J. Goedert, Susan Buchbinder, Keith Hoots, David Vlahov, John Trowsdale, Michael Wilson, Stephen J. O'Brien, Mary Carrington
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Ovarian Carcinoma Presenting as a Vaginal Lesion
Authors: Samuel Lifshitz
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE presenting symptoms of ovarian carcinoma are usually nonspecific; vague abdominal discomfort, gastrointestinal disturbances, and increasing abdominal girth occur in 80% of patients. Rarely, ovarian carcinoma may present as an umbilical hernia, with vaginal bleeding, or with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Ovarian carcinoma presenting as a vaginal lesion is unusual and is not reported in current gynecologic texts or recent English medical literature. Vaginal involvement in advanced ovarian carcinoma usually occurs late in the course of disease. Bergman<sup>1</sup>reported vaginal involvement in 12% in an autopsy series of 86 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma. <h3>Report of Cases</h3> Ovarian carcinoma presenting primarily as a vaginal tumor was seen in five patients over a period of seven years on the oncology services at the University of Iowa Hospitals and at the Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester College of Medicine and Dentistry. The clinical details of these patients are presented in the Table.
Successful Treatment of Endogenous Lipoid Pneumonia due to Niemann–Pick Type B Disease with Whole-Lung Lavage
Authors: ANDREW G. NICHOLSON, ATHOL U. WELLS, JAMES HOOPER, DAVID M. HANSELL, ANDREA KELLEHER, CLIFF MORGAN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

In Type B Niemann–Pick disease, progressive pulmonary infiltration is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, although the disease is usually diagnosed before adulthood in other organ systems. To date, no successful treatment of pulmonary involvement by Niemann–Pick disease has been documented. We describe the case of a patient with Niemann–Pick Type B disease who presented with extensive endogenous lipoid pneumonia and life-threatening hypoxia following bypass grafting for severe coronary artery disease. A surgical lung biopsy at the time of grafting revealed characteristic histology and ultrastructural features of Niemann–Pick disease, with confirmatory findings in biochemical studies. Because of the severity of the patient's symptoms, bilateral whole-lung lavage was undertaken, leading to symptomatic improvement, lessening of parenchymal opacification on high-resolution computed tomographic scanning, and a marked improvement in resting arterial oxygen tension while breathing air to 10.3 kPa from 8.4 kPa. Whole-lung lavage may be a potentially useful modality of treatment for patients with pulmonary involvement by Niemann–Pick Type B disease.
Merket cell carcinoma of the skin treated by primary radiotherapy
Authors: S.K. Al-Ghazal, A. Hong
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Merket cell carcinoma of the skin treated by primary radiotherapy Get access S.K. Al‐Ghazal, S.K. Al‐Ghazal Plastic Surgery Department, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Hong A. Hong Exeter Oncology Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 4, 1 April 1997, Pages 640–641, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb02171.x Published: 01 April 1997
A single bolus infusion of C-reactive protein increases gluconeogenesis and plasma glucose concentration in humans
Authors: Rakesh S. Birjmohun, Radjesh J. Bisoendial, Sander I. van Leuven, Mariette Ackermans, Aelko Zwinderman, John J.P. Kastelein, Erik S.G. Stroes, Hans P. Sauerwein
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Acute Barbiturate Poisoning
Authors: Jay M. Arena
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This 370-page comprehensive monograph,<i>Acute Barbiturate Poisoning</i>, deals with the subject in all of its aspects, including scientific information on biochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology, as well as the diagnosis, specific treatment, prevention, and the psychosocial problems involved. The management includes special methods of therapy in detail, with an important chapter on evaluation of these treatments. There is also a chapter devoted entirely to barbiturate poisoning in children which will be useful and helpful to the pediatrician when this emergency arises. Intensive supportive therapy is emphasized throughout as the preferred treatment, with statements that alkaline diuresis is rarely needed, while peritoneal dialysis has a very limited role, with hemodialysis having a definite place only "in a few very select cases." Assessment of the patient with acute barbiturate poisoning is based primarily on the clinical criteria, and the blood barbiturate level is considered secondary in importance. It never takes precedence, because of
Severe panniculitis caused by homozygous ZZ alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency treated successfully with human purified enzyme (ProlastinR)
Authors: M.M.U. Chowdhury, E.J. Williams, J.S. Morris, B.J.M. Ferguson, A.D. McGregor, A.R. Hedges, J.D. Stamatakis, F.M. Pope
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Severe panniculitis caused by homozygous ZZ α1‐antitrypsin deficiency treated successfully with human purified enzyme (Prolastin®) Get access M.M.U. Chowdhury, M.M.U. Chowdhury Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XW, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.J. Williams, E.J. Williams Chemical Pathology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S. Morris, J.S. Morris Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.J.M. Ferguson, B.J.M. Ferguson Anaesthesia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.D. McGregor, A.D. McGregor Department of Plastic Surgery, Morriston Hospital, Swansea, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.R. Hedges, A.R. Hedges Surgery and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.D. Stamatakis, J.D. Stamatakis Surgery and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.M. Pope F.M. Pope Dermatology, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend CF31 1RQ, U.K Professor F.M.Pope, Department of Dermatology, West Middlesex University Hospital, Twickenham Road, Isleworth, Middlesex TW7 6AF, U.K. E‐mail: michael.pope@wmuh‐tr.nthames.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 6, 1 December 2002, Pages 1258–1261, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.05095.x Published: 01 December 2002 Article history Accepted: 05 August 2002 Published: 01 December 2002
Exercise Testing in Asymptomatic Gene Carriers Exposes a Latent Electrical Substrate of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mark J. Perrin, Paul Angaran, Zachary Laksman, Hanfei Zhang, Liane F. Porepa, Julie Rutberg, Cynthia James, Andrew D. Krahn, Daniel P. Judge, Hugh Calkins, Michael H. Gollob
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Health Care Team
Authors: Emil P. Taxay
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A SACRED cow of contemporary American life is the team concept. Institutional programs are evaluated by management teams, educational efforts are delivered by teaching teams, and the physician is a member, but only sometimes the leader, of the health care team. The use of this term in the current vogue may have begun during World War II when a "team" was assembled to build an atomic device. Experts from a diversity of fields were given specific assignments, and a hopeful timetable was prepared. Because no project director (team leader) could master all of the details, his function was mainly reportorial and his responsibility was accordingly much less. In other fields, the concept had little application. The group that flew an airplane or ran a ship was a crew, and the captain was in full command and equally responsible. Even in diplomatic negotiations wherein a multitude might face each other over