tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis: serum erythropoietin concentrations and red cell distribution width in relation to iron status.
Authors: O J Nielsen, L S Andersen, E Ludwigsen, P Bouchelouche, T M Hansen, H Birgens, N E Hansen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Immunoreactive serum erythropoietin concentrations were measured in 35 patients with anaemia associated with active rheumatoid arthritis. Based on an evaluation of stainable iron in the bone marrow (marrow iron grade 0-4) and serum ferritin concentrations (concentrations less than or equal to 60 micrograms/l compatible with iron deficiency) the anaemia was found to be complicated by iron deficiency in 19/35 (54%) of the patients. The mean serum erythropoietin level (57.6 (SD) 27.3) U/l) was sufficiently raised for the degree of anaemia irrespective of the size of the marrow iron stores. Thus the data do not support the contention that suppressed secretion of erythropoietin is involved in the pathogenesis of anaemia of chronic disorders. There was a significant inverse correlation between the haemoglobin concentration and log serum erythropoietin in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In the patients with adequate iron stores, but not in the iron depleted patients, there was a tendency for serum erythropoietin concentrations to correlate positively both with C reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Red cell distribution width (mean (SD) 16.3 (1.8)%) was above normal (11.5-14.5%) both in the iron replete and the iron depleted patients, and the mean red cell distribution width values did not differ significantly among the two subpopulations. The plasma lactoferrin concentration (mean (SD) 137.6 (109.9) micrograms/l) was normal and did not differ significantly between the iron deficient patients and those with adequate iron.
Colonic Response to Pentazocine
Authors: C. Stanciu, J. R. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The effects of pentazocine on colonic motor activity were studied in five normal subjects, five patients with irritable bowel syndrome, and five patients with diverticular disease. The drug decreased intraluminal colonic pressures in all patients but one. Since morphine, which increases intraluminal colonic pressures, is contraindicated in patients with abdominal pain of colonic origin (diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome), we suggest that pentazocine may be a useful drug in such cases.
Results of Three Years' Experience with Microbiological Assay of Vitamin B12 in Serum
Authors: G. H. Spray, L. J. Witts
Journal: BMJ (1958)

An improved method for the microbiological assay of vitamin B12 in serum using Lactobacillus leichmannii as test organism was developed in this department (Spray, 1955) and has been in regular use for the past three years.Although no new facts have been discovered, results have been obtained from patients with a variety of conditions.It is felt that a summary of these results may be of interest, illustrating the value of the method in diagnosis and confirming and extending observations already published.MethodsBlood is collected in carefully cleaned all-glass syringes with stainless-steel needles, and is allowed to clot in acid-cleaned bottles.The clot is broken up with a glass rod, the blood is centrifuged, and the serum is removed and stored in a deep-freeze until required for assay.Details of the extraction process and the tech- nique of the assays have been described elsewhere (Spray, 1955).In accordance with the accepted con- vention, results are expressed as micromicrogrammes (,u,g.or 10-12 g.) of vitamin B1,2 activity per ml. of serum.ResultsThe accompanying Chart illustrates the results obtained in the main groups of patients with macro- cytic anaemia and related conditions.Normal Subjects.-Resultshave been obtained from 123 normal subjects.The values ranged from 150 to 1,000 /Attg.per ml., with a mean of 450 ,/xxg.per ml.Untreated Pernicious Anaemia.-Results have been obtained from 94 patients with pernicious anaemia in relapse.Of these, 85 gave values of 100 p,u,g.per ml.or less.In 7 the values were between 100 and 170 pu,g.per ml., but only one of these (170 xug.per ml.) was above the observed lower limit of the normal range.The mean of the results from these 92 patients is 64
Amitriptyline and Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia
Authors: Kenneth E. Sherman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 October 1988Amitriptyline and Asymptomatic HypoglycemiaKenneth E. Sherman, PhD, MD, Michael Bornemann, MDKenneth E. Sherman, PhD, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Michael Bornemann, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-8-683_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Hypoglycemic unawareness may occur in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy or during treatment with beta-adrenergic blockers. Tricyclic antidepressants are frequently given to diabetic patients to treat peripheral neuropathy or depression, or both, and have not been reported to cause hypoglycemic unawareness. We describe a case of hypoglycemic unawareness in a patient with type I diabetes mellitus receiving treatment with amitriptyline whose symptoms resolved after the medication was withdrawn.A 24-year-old woman who had had type I diabetes mellitus for 8 years, complicated by frequent episodes of ketoacidosis, proliferative retinopathy, and bilateral lumbar sympathectomy for reflex sympathetic dystrophy,...References1. ShrivastavaEdwards RD. Hypoglycemia associated with Imipramine. Biol Psychiatry. 1983;18:1509-10. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. GrofAratoGrofBrownLaneSaxena EMPGJB. Effects of lithium, nortriptyline and dexamethasone on insulin sensitivity. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1984;8:687-90. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tripler Army Medical Center Tripler AMC, HI 96859-5000 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByTricyclic antidepressantsANTIDEPRESSANTSENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC ADVERSE EFFECTS OF NON-HORMONAL AND NON-METABOLIC DRUGSThe association between antidepressant use and hypoglycaemia in diabetic patients: a nested case-control studyTricyclic antidepressantsDRUG–DRUG INTERACTIONS IN PEDIATRIC PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGYAntidepressant drugs 15 October 1988Volume 109, Issue 8Page: 683-684KeywordsDiabetes mellitusHypoglycemiaHypoglycemicsNeuropathyPeripheral neuropathyReflexesRetinopathySympathectomyTricyclic antidepressants Issue Published: 15 October 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Five Years' Experience with the Evaluation of Diuretic Agents
Authors: CHARLES SWARTZ, ROBERT SELLER, MORTON FUCHS, ALBERT N. BREST, JOHN H. MOYER
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Twelve diuretics and 2 combinations of diuretics were evaluated by a standard methodology. Electrolyte excretion patterns were evaluated in "normal" hospitalized patients, and acute weight loss was evaluated in out-patients in congestive failure. The large standard errors of the means for natriuresis, kaluresis, and acute weight loss reflect the inherent biologic variation of such assays and permit separation of drugs into only a few overlapping categories of potency. The combination of a mercurial and a thiazide caused significantly greater sodium excretion than any other drug used alone. No single diuretic was significantly more potent than all others.
Management of Low Back Pain
Authors: George C. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This short book deals with backache. Always an important subject, it has attracted even more attention of late, and that section of the library devoted to it is growing rapidly. In this instance, eight authors from Charlottesville, Va, are joined by four others in an appraisal of diagnoses, causes, and treatments aimed at the primary care physicians, students, and other health professionals. It thus attempts to speak to those who will see backache first. In a book that purports to describe management, nine chapters and 148 pages are gone before actual measures of management begin to be discussed. However, the authors rightly imply by this that good history taking and physical diagnosis underlie correct management and that some idea of the scope of the problem is also necessary before appropriate steps can be taken. A chapter on psychological aspects is particularly well written, even though it substitutes "mitigates" for "militates"
The Treatment of Infections with Penicillin
Authors: Donald G. Anderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

PENICILLIN is now well established as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of many infections. During the past year so many reports attesting to this fact have appeared in the American and English literature that to review them all in a single paper is not possible. The purpose of the present article is to summarize such principles of penicillin therapy as have evolved from the investigations of the past five years and to present the current views on the use of penicillin in the more important infections that are encountered in civilian practice. It is recognized that experience with . . .
Newly Discovered Mechanism for Chlorpyrifos Effects on Neurodevelopment
Authors: Carol Potera
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

A mother's environmental exposure can result in transgenerational effects that are inherited through successive generations, even in the absence of exposure of the offspring.A new proof-of-principle study reports that great-grandchildren of rats exposed to the common fungicide vinclozolin showed a more profound behavioral and neurodevelopmental response to stress, compared with offspring of unexposed rats. 1 Following exposure to stressful situations during adolescence, ancestrally exposed rats were heavier, more anxious, and less sociable than unexposed offspring. Government Announces Action Plan to Address Asthma DisparitiesAsthma affects an estimated 7 million U.S. children.Asthma rates among black and Hispanic children are more than double the rate among white children; poverty also is associated with disproportionately higher rates.In May 2012 a partnership of federal government agencies launched the Coordinated Federal Action Plan to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Asthma Disparities.The action plan will coordinate efforts in four areas: reducing barriers to asthma care, building capacity for community-based asthma care, targeting services to those most affected by asthma, and increasing efforts to understand the causes of asthma and validate interventions to prevent the onset of asthma. 2
Facilitation of Long-Term Potentiation by Muscarinic M1 Receptors Is Mediated by Inhibition of SK Channels
Authors: Katherine A. Buchanan, Milos M. Petrovic, Sophie E.L. Chamberlain, Neil V. Marrion, Jack R. Mellor
Journal: Neuron (2010)

SummaryMuscarinic receptor activation facilitates the induction of synaptic plasticity and enhances cognitive function. However, the specific muscarinic receptor subtype involved and the critical intracellular signaling pathways engaged have remained controversial. Here, we show that the recently discovered highly selective allosteric M1 receptor agonist 77-LH-28-1 facilitates long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by theta burst stimulation at Schaffer collateral synapses in the hippocampus. Similarly, release of acetylcholine by stimulation of cholinergic fibers facilitates LTP via activation of M1 receptors. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) opening during theta burst stimulation was enhanced by M1 receptor activation, indicating this is the mechanism for LTP facilitation. M1 receptors were found to enhance NMDAR activation by inhibiting SK channels that otherwise act to hyperpolarize postsynaptic spines and inhibit NMDAR opening. Thus, we describe a mechanism where M1 receptor activation inhibits SK channels, allowing enhanced NMDAR activity and leading to a facilitation of LTP induction in the hippocampus.Highlights•The muscarinic M1 receptor allosteric agonist 77-LH-28-1 facilitates LTP induction•M1 receptor activation inhibits SK channel function•Inhibition of SK channels enhances NMDA receptor opening during LTP induction•PKC mediates the inhibition of SK channels by M1 receptors
Electrical stimulation of retinal ganglion cells with diamond and the development of an all diamond retinal prosthesis
Authors: Alex E. Hadjinicolaou, Ronald T. Leung, David J. Garrett, Kumaravelu Ganesan, Kate Fox, David A.X. Nayagam, Mohit N. Shivdasani, Hamish Meffin, Michael R. Ibbotson, Steven Prawer, Brendan J. O’Brien
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK COMPLICATING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A SUBSTUDY OF THE IABP-SHOCK II-TRIAL
Authors: Karl Fengler, Georg Fuernau, Steffen Desch, Ingo Eitel, Franz-Josef Neumann, Hans Olbrich, Joerg Hausleiter, Gert Richardt, Marcus Hennersdorf, Klaus Empen, Rainer Hambrecht, Joerg Fuhrmann, Michael Boehm, Janine Poess, Ruth Strasser, Steffen Schneider, Gerhard Schuler, Karl Werdan, Uwe Zeymer, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tissue distribution and subcellular localization of the cardiac sodium channel during mouse heart development
Authors: Jorge N. Domínguez, Ángel de la Rosa, Francisco Navarro, Diego Franco, Amelia E. Aránega
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

AimsThe aim of this study was to analyse the mRNA expression levels and protein distribution of the cardiac sodium channel Scn5a/Nav1.5 during mouse cardiogenesis.
Analysis of control methods: mercury and cadmium pollution.
Authors: A MacGregor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Physical system conceptual models are developed to illustrate the various interconnecting pathways of metal flow. Economic use of mercury and cadmium, as representative toxic heavy metals, is inventoried, and the losses of each from the pathways of economic use are compared. Distinctions are made between high volume consumers and industries that are responsible for a large percent of total emissions or effluent loads. The pathways of the metals in the environment are traced via the conceptual models. A global mass balance is presented for mercury. The problem of high local concentrations vs. global metal flow is reviewed. Impacts of the metals on human health are categorized by type of effect. Available control strategies and abatement measures are evaluated with respect to the effectiveness of each on the problems of metal pollution, as illustrated by the physical models.
Overexpression of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger and inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase in ventricular myocytes from transgenic mice
Authors: Cesare M.N. Terracciano, Kenneth D. Philipson, Kenneth T. MacLeod
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Background: Myocytes from failing hearts produce slower and smaller Ca2+ transients associated with reduction in expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase and an overexpression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. Since the physiological role of both these proteins is competing for, and removing, Ca2+ from the cytoplasm, overexpression of the exchanger may compensate for less effective SR Ca2+ uptake. This study demonstrates this compensatory effect and provides a quantitative description of the results. Methods: Ventricular myocytes from transgenic mice overexpressing the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (TR) and nontransgenic littermates (NON) were used. Cell shortening, cytoplasmic [Ca] (using indo-1 AM) and electrophysiological parameters were monitored. Results: TR myocytes displayed faster Ca2+ transients and twitches compared with NON myocytes. Superfusion with thapsigargin prolonged the time-course of Ca2+ transients of TR myocytes until these were equal to the ones measured in NON myocytes. The amount of SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) inhibition needed to obtain such transients was calculated as a function of Vmax for the Ca2+ flux via SERCA and found to be 28%. In TR myocytes Vmax for the Ca2+ flux via Na+/Ca2+exchange was 240% of NON myocytes. When Ca2+ transients in TR myocytes were slowed by thapsigargin to similar values to the ones recorded in NON myocytes, SR Ca2+ content was also correspondingly reduced. Conclusions: The results suggest that in pathophysiological conditions where there is a reduction in SERCA function, overexpression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger can compensate and allow normal Ca2+ homeostasis to be maintained. In mouse ventricular myocytes a 2.4-fold increase in Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity compensates for a reduction in SERCA function by 28% so maintaining the duration of the Ca2+ transient.
BCL10 mutations are irrelevant to its aberrant nuclear localization in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: L Shen, A C T Liang, W Y Au, L Lu, Y W Chen, K Y Wong, J C O Tang, K W Chan, S L Beh, Y L Kwong, R H S Liang, G Srivastava
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Medicine and Literature, Volume 2: The Doctor's Companion to the Classics
Authors: Howard M. Spiro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes17 August 2004Medicine and Literature, Volume 2: The Doctor's Companion to the ClassicsHoward M. Spiro, MDHoward M. Spiro, MDFrom Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-4-200408170-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Salinsky J. 296 pages. Abingdon, United Kingdom: Radcliffe Medical Pr; 2004. $37.19. ISBN 1857758307. Order phone 800-777-4643.Field of medicine: Medical humanities.Format: Softcover.Audience: Physicians and nonphysicians.Purpose: To guide physicians to some of the author's favorite literary classics, which he believes will refresh doctors' spirits and provide fresh insights into the minds and lives of their patients.Content: This book is the second in a series of 16 essays about some of the author's favorite writers, including Shakespeare, Gabriel García Márquez, and even Evelyn Waugh. The essays summarize the plot and structure of the original works, with occasional ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Howard M. Spiro, MDAffiliations: From Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 August 2004Volume 141, Issue 4Page: 328KeywordsAcademic medicineMedical ethics, humanities, and educationSoftware toolsVeins ePublished: 17 August 2004 Issue Published: 17 August 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Role of Gastrointestinal and Neuronal Peptides in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: OM P Ganda
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

The pancreatic islet hormone secretion is modulated by one or more gastrointestinal peptides (“gut-factor”) secreted in response to various types of ingested nutrients. Among a number of postulated candidates for the putative “gut-factor”, the gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) has recently emerged as a most likely enteric signal of physiologic import, although its precise role in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus remains incompletely understood. During the past decade, an avalanche of knowledge has accumulated regarding a number of peptide agents common to the gastro-enteric-pancreatic system and the nervous system. Preliminary evidence indicates a potential role of several of these peptides in the pathophysiology of diabetes. For instance, cholecystokinin and human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) may be importantly involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety control and the development of obesity whereas somatostatin, “endorphins”, and neurotensin may directly or indirectly modulate islet hormone secretion. Finally the significance of the recently demonstrated presence of insulin and glucagon or glicentin-like peptides in the brain requires close scrutiny.
High molecular weight kininogen binds to unstimulated platelets.
Authors: E J Gustafson, D Schutsky, L C Knight, A H Schmaier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Studies were performed to determine if the unstimulated platelet membrane has a site for high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) binding. 125I-HMWK bound to unstimulated platelets. Zn++ was required for 125I-HMWK binding to unstimulated platelets and binding was maximal at 50 microM Zn++. Neither Mg++ nor Ca++ substituted for Zn++ in supporting 125I-HMWK binding to unstimulated platelets, and neither ion potentiated binding in the presence of 50 microM zinc. 125I-HMWK competed with equal affinity with HMWK for binding, and excess HMWK inhibited 125I-HMWK-platelet binding. Only HMWK, not prekallikrein, Factor XII, Factor XI, Factor V, fibrinogen, or fibronectin inhibited 125I-HMWK-platelet binding. 125I-HMWK binding to unstimulated platelets was 89% reversible within 10 min with a 50-fold molar excess of HMWK. Unstimulated platelets contained a single set of saturable, high affinity binding sites for 125I-HMWK with an apparent dissociation constant of 0.99 nM +/- 0.35 and 3,313 molecules/platelet +/- 843. These studies indicate that the unstimulated external platelet membrane has a binding site for HMWK that could serve as a surface to modulate contact phase activation.
A Novel Sarcoidosis Risk Locus for Europeans on Chromosome 11q13.1
Authors: Annegret Fischer, Benjamin Schmid, David Ellinghaus, Michael Nothnagel, Karoline I. Gaede, Manfred Schürmann, Simone Lipinski, Philip Rosenstiel, Gernot Zissel, Kerstin Höhne, Martin Petrek, Vitezslav Kolek, Stefan Pabst, Christian Grohé, Johan Grunewald, Marcus Ronninger, Anders Eklund, Leonid Padyukov, Christian Gieger, H.-Erich Wichmann, Almut Nebel, Andre Franke, Joachim Müller-Quernheim, Sylvia Hofmann, Stefan Schreiber
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

Sarcoidosis is a complex inflammatory disease with a heterogeneous clinical picture. Among others, an acute and chronic clinical course can be distinguished, for which specific genetic risk factors are known.To identify additional risk loci for sarcoidosis and its acute and chronic subforms, we analyzed imputed data from a genome-wide association scan for these phenotypes.After quality control, the genome-wide association scan comprised nearly 1.3 million imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms based on an Affymetrix 6.0 Gene Chip dataset of 564 German sarcoidosis cases, including 176 acute and 354 chronic cases and 1,575 control subjects.We identified chromosome 11q13.1 (rs479777) as a novel locus influencing susceptibility to sarcoidosis with genome-wide significance. The marker was significantly associated in three distinct German case-control populations and in an additional German family sample with odds ratios ranging from 0.67 to 0.77. This finding was further replicated in two independent European case-control populations from the Czech Republic (odds ratio, 0.75) and from Sweden (odds ratio, 0.79). In a meta-analysis of the included European case-control samples the marker yielded a P value of 2.68 × 10(-18). The locus was previously reported to be associated with Crohn disease, psoriasis, alopecia areata, and leprosy. For sarcoidosis, fine-mapping and expression analysis suggest KCNK4, PRDX5, PCLB3, and most promising CCDC88B as candidates for the underlying risk gene in the associated region.This study provides striking evidence for association of chromosome 11q13.1 with sarcoidosis in Europeans, and thus identified a further genetic risk locus shared by sarcoidosis, Crohn disease and psoriasis.