tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RESTRICTION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN B LYMPHOCYTES AND THEIR PROGENY
Authors: Patricia P. Jones, John J. Cebra, Leonard A. Herzenberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Lymphocytes from b5/b9 rabbits were stained in suspension with fluorescent antiallotype antibody reagents to selectively label with fluorescent molecules those cells bearing membrane immunoglobulin (Ig) of the b5 or b9 allotype. After staining, the cells were separated by the fluorescence-activated cell sorter into populations markedly enriched in cells bearing b5 or b9 membrane Ig or totally depleted of cells with detectable membrane Ig. The potential of these separated cells to give rise to Ig-synthesizing plasma cells either in vivo after transfer into irradiated recipients or in vitro during culture in the presence of phytohemagglutinin or pokeweed mitogen was assessed by immunofluorescence. The relative proportion of b5 and b9 cytoplasmic Ig-stained cells (CSC) arising from the separated cells was determined to test directly whether B lymphocytes and their progeny are committed to the synthesis of Ig of one allotype. It was found that b5- and b9-bearing cells gave rise almost exclusively to b5- and b9-producing plasma cells, respectively, in both the in vivo and in vitro assay systems. Most of these CSC were probably not derived from previously existing CSC but arose as the result of the differentiation of lymphocytes with membrane Ig. When cell populations totally depleted of Ig-bearing lymphocytes were cultured, very few CSC were found, indicating that the majority of immediate precursors of CSC have membrane Ig. These results suggest that individual B cell clones are phenotypically restricted to the expression of immunoglobulin genes on one chromosome; the significance of this clonal allelic exclusion is discussed.
La caecostomie percutanée par voie endoscopique (CPE): Une nouvelle option thérapeutique dans le traitement de l'incontinence anale
Authors: E Coron, G Meurette, M Le Rhun, S Bruley des Varannes, PA Lehur
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Chez les patients ayant une constipation morbide associée à une incontinence anale, la réalisation d'irrigations coliques antérogrades par caecostomie chirurgicale (intervention de Malone) permet l'obtention d'une vidange colique efficace. Cette méthode a été abandonnée du fait d'une morbidité non négligeable et de fuites autour de la sonde. La caecostomie percutanée par voie endoscopique (CPE) représente une alternative thérapeutique mini-invasive prometteuse et un nouveau dispositif d'irrigation (CHAIT trapdoor) a été récemment commercialisé. L'objectif de cette étude pilote était d'évaluer la faisabilité et les résultats de la CPE avec ce nouveau dispositif.
Effect of Exercise on the Peripheral Pulses
Authors: Edward A. Edwards, Norman R. Cohen, Marshall M. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IT is widely appreciated that some patients whose pedal pulses are palpable nevertheless complain of intermittent claudication. It has been noted further that these pulses may disappear on exercise; indeed, a fairly widely held theory assumed that arterial spasm was responsible for the claudication.The more recent utilization of auscultation and of aortography has established that high occlusion by atheroma is responsible for the claudication, and that the peripheral pulses are palpable because the occlusion is incomplete.1 The disappearance of these pulses after exercise continues to be an interesting sign. The examination of this phenomenon through registration of the volume . . .
Weekly chemotherapy with docetaxel, gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced transitional cell urothelial cancer: a phase II trial
Authors: D. Pectasides, J. Glotsos, N. Bountouroglou, A. Kouloubinis, N. Mitakidis, N. Karvounis, N. Ziras, A. Athanassiou
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2002)
O13 SIMEPREVIR (TMC435) WITH PEGINTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN FOR TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HCV GENOTYPE 1 INFECTION IN EUROPEAN PATIENTS WHO RELAPSED AFTER PREVIOUS INTERFERON-BASED THERAPY: THE PROMISE TRIAL
Authors: X. Forns, E. Lawitz, S. Zeuzem, E.J. Gane, J.P. Bronowicki, P. Andreone, A. Horban, A.S. Brown, M. Peeters, O. Lenz, S. Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan, G. De La Rosa, R. Kalmeijer, M. Beumont-Mauviel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
B lymphocytes trigger monocyte mobilization and impair heart function after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yasmine Zouggari, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Philippe Bonnin, Tabassome Simon, Andrew P Sage, Coralie Guérin, José Vilar, Giuseppina Caligiuri, Dimitrios Tsiantoulas, Ludivine Laurans, Edouard Dumeau, Salma Kotti, Patrick Bruneval, Israel F Charo, Christoph J Binder, Nicolas Danchin, Alain Tedgui, Thomas F Tedder, Jean-Sébastien Silvestre, Ziad Mallat
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Triple Gene-Deleted Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Vector Double-Armed with Interleukin 18 and Soluble B7-1 Constructed by Bacterial Artificial Chromosome–Mediated System
Authors: Hiroshi Fukuhara, Yasushi Ino, Toshihiko Kuroda, Robert L. Martuza, Tomoki Todo
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Conditionally replicating herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) vectors are promising therapeutic agents for cancer. Certain antitumor functions may be added to oncolytic activities of recombinant HSV-1 vectors by inserting transgenes into the viral genome. Because conventional homologous recombination techniques had required time-consuming processes to create “armed” oncolytic HSV-1 vectors, we established an innovative construction system using bacterial artificial chromosome and two recombinase systems (Cre/loxP and FLPe/FRT). Using G47Δ, a safe and efficacious oncolytic HSV-1 with triple gene mutations, as the backbone, this system allowed a rapid generation of multiple vectors with desired transgenes inserted in the deleted ICP6 locus. Four oncolytic HSV-1 vectors, expressing murine interleukin 18 (mIL-18), soluble murine B7-1 [B7-1-immunoglobulin (B7-1-Ig)], both, or none, were created simultaneously within 3 months. In vitro, all newly created recombinant vectors exhibited virus yields and cytopathic effects similar to the parental G47Δ. In two immunocompetent mouse tumor models, TRAMP-C2 prostate cancer and Neuro2a neuroblastoma, the vector expressing both mIL-18 and B7-1-Ig showed a significant enhancement of antitumor efficacy via T-cell–mediated immune responses. The results show that “arming” with multiple transgenes can improve the efficacy of oncolytic HSV-1 vectors. The use of our system may facilitate the development and testing of various armed oncolytic HSV-1 vectors.
Breast Cancer–Associated Fibroblasts Confer AKT1-Mediated Epigenetic Silencing of <i>Cystatin M</i> in Epithelial Cells
Authors: Huey-Jen L. Lin, Tao Zuo, Ching-Hung Lin, Chieh Ti Kuo, Sandya Liyanarachchi, Shuying Sun, Rulong Shen, Daniel E. Deatherage, Dustin Potter, Lisa Asamoto, Shili Lin, Pearlly S. Yan, Ann-Lii Cheng, Michael C. Ostrowski, Tim H.-M. Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The interplay between histone modifications and promoter hypermethylation provides a causative explanation for epigenetic gene silencing in cancer. Less is known about the upstream initiators that direct this process. Here, we report that the Cystatin M (CST6) tumor suppressor gene is concurrently down-regulated with other loci in breast epithelial cells cocultured with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Promoter hypermethylation of CST6 is associated with aberrant AKT1 activation in epithelial cells, as well as the disabled INNP4B regulator resulting from the suppression by CAFs. Repressive chromatin, marked by trimethyl-H3K27 and dimethyl-H3K9, and de novo DNA methylation is established at the promoter. The findings suggest that microenvironmental stimuli are triggers in this epigenetic cascade, leading to the long-term silencing of CST6 in breast tumors. Our present findings implicate a causal mechanism defining how tumor stromal fibroblasts support neoplastic progression by manipulating the epigenome of mammary epithelial cells. The result also highlights the importance of direct cell-cell contact between epithelial cells and the surrounding fibroblasts that confer this epigenetic perturbation. Because this two-way interaction is anticipated, the described coculture system can be used to determine the effect of epithelial factors on fibroblasts in future studies. [Cancer Res 2008;68(24):10257–66]
Ecological Gambling
Authors: Robert T. Paine
Journal: JAMA (1975)

MOST natural ecosystems are overwhelmingly complex, and conventional ecological wisdom holds that tropical communities are more so than their temperature or higherlatitude equivalents. This belief has been fundamental to the development of a concept of ecosystem stability: complexity was equated to buffering capacity, and the highly diverse tropical communities were therefore assumed to be more stable than their temperate zone counterparts. Ecologists are now realizing that complexity does not invariably confer stability and that dogmatic adherence to this belief is unwarranted. Not surprisingly, a substantial portion of the challenge to the older ideas is coming from data based on the fate of species introductions. Thus, the argument goes, evidence for a stable system should be observed in the level of resistance to invasion, or some minimization of the impact of a successful invasion. Conversely, less stable communities will be more invadable, or will show greater change following a successful invasion.
Clinical Progression of Incidental, Asymptomatic Lesions Discovered During Culprit Vessel Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ruchira Glaser, Faith Selzer, David P. Faxon, Warren K. Laskey, Howard A. Cohen, James Slater, Katherine M. Detre, Robert L. Wilensky
Journal: Circulation (2004)

With the reduction in restenosis rates by drug-eluting stents, there is new controversy concerning the optimal management of incidental, nontarget lesions identified during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Such lesions have been treated conservatively because of risk of restenosis but now are being considered for PCI to prevent plaque instability. However, the impact of incidental stenoses on future cardiac events remains unknown.We performed a retrospective cohort study to determine the rate and features of clinical plaque progression using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry of consecutive patients undergoing PCI at multiple centers in 1997 to 1998 and 1999. Of 3747 PCI patients, 216 (5.8%) required additional nontarget lesion PCI for clinical plaque progression at 1 year. Fifty-nine percent presented with new unstable angina, and 9.3% presented with nonfatal myocardial infarction. Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease during original PCI were more likely to require nontarget lesion PCI during follow-up (adjusted odds ratio, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.18 to 2.52] for 2 vessels; adjusted odds ratio, 3.37 [95% CI, 2.32 to 4.89] for 3 vessels). Angiographic review showed that the majority (86.9%) of lesions requiring subsequent PCI were < or =60% in severity during original PCI, with the mean lesion stenosis 41.8+/-20.8% at the time of the initial PCI and 83.9+/-13.9% during the recurrent event.Approximately 6% of PCI patients will have clinical plaque progression requiring nontarget lesion PCI by 1 year. Greater coronary artery disease burden confers a significantly higher risk for clinical plaque progression.
Production of plasminogen activator by alveolar macrophages in normal subjects and patients with interstitial lung disease.
Authors: B W Robinson
Journal: Thorax (1988)

Increased production of the serum protease plasminogen activator is associated with tissue damage. The in vitro production of plasminogen activator by alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage was studied in 22 normal subjects and 28 patients with interstitial lung disease to determine whether plasminogen activator is produced by normal alveolar macrophages and whether this is increased in patients with interstitial lung disease. Plasminogen activator activity, measured with an iodine-125 labelled fibrin release assay, was found to be dependent on time, effector cell numbers, and plasminogen concentration. Plasminogen activator production by alveolar macrophages from 14 normal non-smokers and eight normal smokers was similar and the mean value was 0.78 (SEM 0.16) urokinase (UK) units x 10(-8)/cell/hour. Alveolar macrophages from the seven patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and six patients with histiocytosis-X produced more plasminogen activator (1.89 (0.25) and 4.54 (1.3) x 10(-8) UK units/cell/hour respectively) than macrophages from normal subjects (p less than 0.05), whereas those from 15 patients with sarcoidosis did not (1.09 (0.2) x 10(-8) UK units/cell/hour). Exposure of normal alveolar macrophages to immune complexes enhanced plasminogen activator production to 2.07 (0.27) x 10(-8) UK units/cell/hour, whereas exposure to products of activated T cells and to purified gamma interferon reduced plasminogen activator production (to 0.38 (0.11) and 0.62 (0.11) x 10(-8) UK units/cell/hour respectively). These studies show that plasminogen activator is produced by normal human alveolar macrophages and that its production is increased in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and histiocytosis-X.
Management of autism in children and young people: summary of NICE and SCIE guidance
Authors: T. Kendall, O. Megnin-Viggars, N. Gould, C. Taylor, L. R. Burt, G. Baird
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Autism occurs in approximately 1% of children and young people,1 though the diagnosis is made less commonly in girls2 and anyone with severe intellectual disability.1 It is one of the most important causes of lifelong disability, with support and lost productivity costs estimated at more than £28bn (€32bn, $43bn) annually in the UK.3 Individual presentations vary widely, as do associated functional impairments, but the core features of autism are persistent impairment in reciprocal social interaction and social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities. These features occur whether or not the individual has an intellectual disability and are typically present in early childhood, though they may be masked by parental support or compensations. Intellectual disability, language impairment, academic deficits, and movement disorders are common,4 and mental and behavioural disorders are found in up to 70%.5 The presence of all these factors, as well as sensory sensitivities, constipation, sleep and eating problems, and behaviour that challenges, add considerably to the impact on the child or young person, their family, and professionals in health and social care and education. This article summarises the most recent joint recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE) on managing autism in children and young people.6 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of the best available evidence and explicit consideration of cost effectiveness. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group's experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Access to health and social care services
Oxytocic Action of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: W. Spitzer
Journal: BMJ (1947)

These, Sir, are briefly the findings in this case, and I consider it rare and interesting for the following reasons. (1)The heart condition seems to have been a toxic myocarditis causing ectopic ventricular beats.(2) The toxaemia was mild, causing no temperature or tachycardia. (3)In my library I cannot find any cardiograms like the tracings found in this case. (4)The clinically alarming condition of her heart and the rapidity with which it cleared up.-I am, etc., Roscommon, Eire.
Total Skeletal Muscle PGC-1 Deficiency Uncouples Mitochondrial Derangements from Fiber Type Determination and Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Christoph Zechner, Ling Lai, Juliet F. Zechner, Tuoyu Geng, Zhen Yan, John W. Rumsey, Deanna Collia, Zhouji Chen, David F. Wozniak, Teresa C. Leone, Daniel P. Kelly
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Serious Complication of Intracardiac Catheters
Authors: John J. Lamberti
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  The article by Donald H. Kuiper (230:877, 1974) describes a serious complication of intracardiac catheters. A similar article appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine this year (290:890, 1974). This tragic complication may occur with intracardiac central venous lines, catheters used for hyperalimentation, or cardiac pacemaker electrode catheters. In a letter to the editor of the New England Journal of Medicine (291:679, 1974), I described a case of perforation of the right ventricle by a coronary sinus pacing catheter. This catheter was used for administration of intravenous fluids in a patient with intermittent heart block after cardiac catheterization. The correct diagnosis was made when the patient sustained a cardiac arrest, and a life-saving subxiphoid pericardicentesis was performed. It was then discovered that aspiration through the pacemaker catheter produced serosanguinous fluid.  If sudden cardiac arrest or hypotension occurs in a patient with a central venous type of
Immunohistological characterisation of intraepithelial lymphocytes of the human gastrointestinal tract.
Authors: W S Selby, G Janossy, D P Jewell
Journal: Gut (1981)

Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) of the normal human stomach, small intestine, and large intestine have been characterised in tissue sections by a double marker immunofluorescent technique. A panel of reagents was used in combination, including antisera to T lymphocyte antigen (HuTLA), Ia-like (p28, 33) antigens and immunoglobulin subclasses, as well as a mouse monoclonal antibody to a human leucocyte antigen (HLe-1). In stomach and proximal small intestine over 95% of IEL were T lymphocytes (HLe-1+, HuTLA+). The proportion was slightly lower in the colon and rectum (85--95%). IEL rarely expressed Ia-like antigens. B lymphocytes were not seen within the epithelium of any of the tissues examined. The functions of IEL must be assessed in the light of the finding that they are predominantly T cells.
Risks associated with assisted conception.
Authors: T. al-Shawaf, I. Craft
Journal: BMJ (1992)

in in vitro fertilisation, but appreciable side effects are unlikely to be so rare.For instance, ovarian hyperstimulation is a known risk despite published advice that it should be preventable.'Adequate information about possible morbidity in assisted conception is not made readily available to potential patients, nor are the hazards apparently sufficiently acknowledged by those who deliver the treatments.Of course, the increasing success of fertility treatments is to be welcomed, but childless couples, in their desperate longing for babies, are only too ready to overlook the possible drawbacks.Fertility specialists therefore have a duty to present comprehensive information about not only the prospects of success but also the risks of assisted conception.
Stand up for straight statistics
Authors: M. E. Black
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A state epidemiologist from Uzbekistan stood up to speak to a working group on UNICEF’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in 2000. “I am proud that the response rate for our national household survey was 100%.” There was a stunned silence in the room, and then we quietly went to work explaining to her why (a) this was unlikely, (b) this discredited the entire survey, and (c) it was okay to tell the truth.

Don’t get me wrong: fiddling the figures is found in all countries. When revealing a more realistic number of …
Abstract 4551: Identification of TRPM7 kinase inhibitors.
Authors: Tamer S. Kaoud, Jihyun Park, Shreya Mitra, Clint D.J. Tavares, Anna Tseng, Kevin N. Dalby
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract TRPM7 (transient receptor potential melastatin 7) encodes a calcium permeable non-selective cation channel implicated in cell adhesion and magnesium homoeostasis. The TRPM7 gene encodes for a protein kinase whose activity is linked to the control of actomyosin contractility. TRPM7 mediates adhesion and migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and recently has been reported to promote breast tumor cell metastasis. The lack of cell-permeable pharmacological inhibitors of the kinase domain represent a barrier to fully understanding kinase function. Herein, we describe the discovery of several compounds that target TRPM7 kinase activity and which were shown to decrease the binding of Myosin IIB to TRPM7 in HEK293 cells transfected with pCMV6-TRPM7. Magnesium starvation, which promotes TRPM7 kinase activity, induces phosphorylation of eEF2. Treatment of cells with several of the compounds decreased eEF2 phosphorylation under conditions of magnesium starvation, consistent with the notion that they inhibit TRPM7 kinase activity in cells. Citation Format: Tamer S. Kaoud, Jihyun Park, Shreya Mitra, Clint D.J. Tavares, Anna Tseng, Kevin N. Dalby. Identification of TRPM7 kinase inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4551. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4551
NHS and local government try to stop introduction of "bed blocking" fines
Authors: W. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Local government and health service leaders are gearing up for a last battle in their efforts to stop the government introducing fines for social service departments that fail to make suitable discharge arrangements for patients who are deemed to be blocking hospital beds. The plans are due to come into force in England and Wales from April.

The Community Care (Delayed Discharges) Bill passed its third reading in the House of Commons last week and now heads for the House of Lords, despite united opposition from the NHS Confederation, the Local Government Association, and the Association …
Out-of-hours visits in a group practice.
Authors: J A Riddell
Journal: BMJ (1980)

In one year 1644 out-of-hours calls were undertaken by a partnership of eight doctors working in a deprived inner urban area and a deprived large council housing estate; of these calls 332 were performed between the hours of 11 pm and 7 am. The number of calls required in the housing estate, 1077, was about twice as many as in the inner urban area, although the same doctors were using the same criteria for a visit. The rate of visits of 107 per 1000 patients in the housing estate was much higher than in other published series. The reasons for this difference appeared to be related to the comparative youth of parents and the number of young children.
814-2 Time course of improvement following stem cell injections in humans with heart failure
Authors: Emerson C Perin, Hans F Dohmann, Radovan Borejevic, Suzana A Silva, Andre L Sousa, Guilherme V Silva, Joao A Assad, Luciano Belem, Antonio C Carvalho, Roberto Esporcatte, William K Vaughn, Hans J Dohmann, James T Willerson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)