tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5640: Preclinical of assessment of oxidative stress and apoptotic mechanisms of garlic extract in the prevention of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Clement G. Yedjou, Paul T. Tchounwou
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Garlic supplementation in diet has been shown to benefit patients with cancer. Recently, the pharmacological role of garlic in the prevention and treatment of cancer has received increasing attention. However, the mechanisms by which garlic extract (GE)-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in cancer cell remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to use HL-60 cells as test model to evaluate whether or not GE-induced cytotoxicty and apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells is mediated through oxidative stress. METHODS: Human leukemia (HL-60) cells were treated with increasing concentrations of GE for 12 h. Cell survival was determined by MTT assay. The extent of oxidative cell/tissue damage was determined by measuring lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) concentrations by spectrophotometry. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment (Annexin-V and caspase-3 assays) and DNA laddering analysis, respectively. RESULTS: Data obtained from the MTT assay indicated that GE significantly (p &amp;lt; 0.05) reduced the viability of HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. We detected a significant (p &amp;lt; 0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in GE-treated HL-60 cells compared to the control. Flow cytometry data showed a strong concentration-response relationship between GE exposure and Annexin-V positive HL-60 cells. Similarly, a statistically significant and dose-dependent increase (p &amp;lt;0.05) was recorded with regard to caspase-3 activity in HL-60 cells undergoing late apoptosis. These results were confirmed by data of DNA laddering assay showing a clear evidence of nucleosomal DNA fragmentation in GE-treated cells. CONCLUSION: Our finding indicates that GE-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HL-60 cells are executed by cell death, phosphatidylserine externalization, activation of caspase-3, and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation under the overproduction of MDA, a by-product of lipid peroxidation and biomarker of oxidative stress. We conclude that GE at therapeutic concentrations induces cytotoxic effect and apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells through oxidative stress. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5640. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5640
Prescription Drug Use and Self-prescription Among Resident Physicians
Authors: Jason D. Christie, Ilene M. Rosen, Lisa M. Bellini, Thomas V. Inglesby, Jane Lindsay, Alys Alper, David A. Asch
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.-Self-prescription is common among practicing physicians, but little is known about the practice among resident physicians.Objective.-Todetermine prescription drug use and self-prescription among US resident physicians.Design and Setting.-Anonymousmail survey of all resident physicians in 4 US categorical internal medicine training programs in February 1997.Main Outcome Measures.-Self-reporteduse of health care services and prescription medications and how they were obtained.Results.-A total of 316 (83%) of 381 residents responded; 244 residents (78%) reported using at least 1 prescription medicine and 162 residents (52%) reported self-prescribing medications.Twenty-five percent of all medications and 42% of self-prescribed medications were obtained from a sample cabinet; 7% of all medications and 11% of self-prescribed medications were obtained directly from a pharmaceutical company representative.Conclusions.-Self-prescription is common among resident physicians.Although self-prescription is difficult to evaluate, the source of these medications and the lack of oversight of medication use raise questions about the practice.
Glycemic Control in Patients with Insulinoma Treated with Everolimus
Authors: Matthew H. Kulke, Emily K. Bergsland, James C. Yao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: Management of refractory hypoglycemia due to malignant insulinoma is challenging. Currently available treatments include dietary modification, diazoxide, and, in patients with resistant disease, the use of intravenous dextrose infusion or enteral feedings. Patients with advanced, unresectable insulinomas often have prolonged hospitalizations and may have fatal complications from this disease. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine–threonine protein kinase that has been implicated in the cellular response to nutrients and growth factor signaling; mTOR functions downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and AKT (also known as protein kinase B) and is abnormally activated in a number of cancers. . . .
In the Era of Systematic Reviews, Does the Size of an Individual Trial Still Matter?
Authors: Gordon H Guyatt, Edward J Mills, Diana Elbourne
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Systematic reviews that combine high-quality evidence from several trials are now widely considered to be at the top of the hierarchy of clinical evidence. Given the primacy of systematic reviews-and the fact that individual clinical trials rarely provide definitive answers to a clinical research question-some commentators question whether the sample size calculation for an individual trial still matters. Others point out that small trials can still be potentially misleading.
Demonisation of rosiglitazone
Authors: V. J. Heazlewood
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Loke and colleagues consider the idea that pioglitazone yields cardiovascular benefits, but readily dismiss it.1 This is an equally plausible explanation of the analysis, however, given that it compares pioglitazone and rosiglitazone rather than placebo or control treatment. There is moderate …
Respiratory syncytial virus–induced airway hyperresponsiveness is independent of IL-13 compared with that induced by allergen
Authors: Jung Won Park, Christian Taube, Eun Seok Yang, Anthony Joetham, Annette Balhorn, Katsuyuki Takeda, Nobuaki Miyahara, Azzeddine Dakhama, Debra D. Donaldson, Erwin W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Doppler-Derived Mitral Deceleration Time
Authors: Giampaolo Cerisano, Leonardo Bolognese, Nazario Carrabba, Piergiovanni Buonamici, Giovanni Maria Santoro, David Antoniucci, Alberto Santini, Guia Moschi, Pier Filippo Fazzini
Journal: Circulation (1999)

The relation between remodeling and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function has not yet been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether early assessment of Doppler-derived mitral deceleration time (DT), a measure of LV compliance and filling, may predict progressive LV dilation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Fifty-one patients (aged 61+/-11 years; 6 women) with anterior AMI successfully treated with direct coronary angioplasty underwent 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic examinations within 24 hours of admission, at days 3, 7, and 30 and 6 months after the index infarction. Mitral flow velocities were obtained from the apical 4-chamber view with pulsed Doppler. End-diastolic volume index (EDVI) and end-systolic volume index (ESVI) were calculated with the Simpson's rule algorithm. Patients were divided according to the DT duration assessed at day 3 in 2 groups: group 1 (n=33) with DT >130 ms and group 2 (n=18) with DT </=130 ms. Patency and restenosis rate at 6 months were similar between the 2 groups (94% group 1 vs 89% group 2; P=0.52; 27% group 1 vs 33% group 2; P=0.64, respectively). LV volume indexes were similar in both groups at baseline (EDVI: 71+/-3 group 1 vs 70+/-3 mL/m2 group 2, P=0.42; ESVI: 43+/-3 group 1 vs 48+/-3 mL/m2 group 2, P=0.13, respectively). From day 3 on, LV volume indexes progressively increased in group 2 and were significantly larger than those of group 1 at 6 months (LVEDVI 61+/-3 group 1 vs 104+/-6 mL/m2 group 2, P=0.00001; LVESVI 31+/-3 group 1 vs 73+/-6 mL/m2 group 2, P=0.00001, respectively). A significant inverse correlation was found between DT and changes in EDVI at 6 months (r=-0.68; P<0.0000001). By stepwise multiple regression analysis among several clinical, demographic, angiographic, and echocardiographic variables, DT was the most powerful predictor of EDVI changes at 6 months (P=0.02).These data suggest that early estimation (day 3) of Doppler-derived mitral DT provides a simple and accurate mean to predict late LV dilation after reperfused AMI.
Civilian Casualties and Health Needs in Indochina
Authors: Edward M. Kennedy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

The Indochina War is not only continuing to tear at America's national life and spirit. It is also heightening the agony of a rapidly growing number of civilians in the affected areas of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. We are confronted today with a very serious regional crisis of people — millions of people — refugees, civilian casualties, war victims of all kinds. The deteriorating situation reflects not only the continuing high level of military activities — including the extensive use of American airpower — but also the simple fact that the war is scarcely winding down for the people of . . .
Protein digestibility and relevance to allergenicity.
Authors: Gary Bannon, Tong-Jen Fu, Ian Kimber, Dennis M Hinton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In January 2001 a Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Consultation Committee on Allergenicity of Foods Derived from Biotechnology published a report outlining in detail an approach for assessing the allergenic potential of novel proteins. One component of this decision tree is a determination of whether the protein of interest is resistant to proteolytic digestion. Although these (Italic)in vitro(/Italic) methodologies have been useful, the correlation between resistance to proteolysis and allergenic activity is not absolute. Two views and highlights of supporting research regarding the relationship of resistance to digestion and allergenicity are presented in this article.
Anhidrotic and achromians lesions in incontinentia pigmenti
Authors: CELIA MOSS, P. INCE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Three women subsequently shown to have incontinentia pigmenti (IP) presented with white hairless streaks on the limbs as the predominant cutaneous abnormality. Seven other patients with IP diagnosed in infancy were reviewed to establish the frequency of this sign. It was found in all of them, and in the otherwise unaffected mother of three affected girls. A focal absence of sweating in these lesions is reported here for the first time. There are other similarities with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, suggesting a genetic overlap between these two X-linked conditions.
Short-term effect of antibiotic control policy on the usage patterns and cost of antimicrobials, mortality, nosocomial infection rates and antibacterial resistance
Authors: Bilgin Arda, Oguz Resat Sipahi, Tansu Yamazhan, Meltem Tasbakan, Husnu Pullukcu, Alper Tunger, Cagri Buke, Sercan Ulusoy
Journal: Journal of Infection (2007)
Burn Units as a Source of Methicillin-Resistant
Authors: John M. Boyce
Journal: JAMA (1983)

During a 3 1/2-year period (January 1978 through June 1981), 245 patients in a university hospital became colonized or infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. During the first 18 months, the incidence of colonization and infection was only 0.05%. After a focal outbreak of methicillin-resistant S aureus in the burn unit, acquisition of the organism by patients on other wards increased significantly. Nonburn patients acquired the organism more often during time periods when newly admitted burn patients acquired methicillin-resistant S aureus. After the burn unit was closed, acquisition of the organism among nonburn patients on adult surgical and medical services decreased significantly. A questionnaire survey of other institutions disclosed that large outbreaks of this infection occurred more frequently in hospitals with burn units. These studies suggest that the occurrence of methicillin-resistant S aureus infections in burn units may lead to increased transmission of the organism to nonburn patients and that control of the infection in such units may reduce spread of the organism to patients without burns.
Bone Involvement After Vaccination Against Smallpox
Authors: W. Cochran, J. H. Connolly, I. D. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1963)

SMALLPOX VACCINATION BRI=JSE 285 (27.3%) unsuccessful.The total successes from both vaccinations numbered 920 (92.6%).Multiple pressure gave a higher success rate than the scratch technique in persons previously vaccinated, and the difference between the success rates for the two methods is due to the greater failure of the scratch method in previously vaccinated males.No significant difference for either sex or with either technique was noted among primary vaccinations.Some possible explanations for the difference between the two techniques in previously vaccinated males are discussed.We acknowledge with thanks the advice and encouragement
Genetic variation in DLG5 is associated with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Monika Stoll, Brit Corneliussen, Christine M Costello, Georg H Waetzig, Bjorn Mellgard, W Andreas Koch, Philip Rosenstiel, Mario Albrecht, Peter J P Croucher, Dirk Seegert, Susanna Nikolaus, Jochen Hampe, Thomas Lengauer, Stefan Pierrou, Ulrich R Foelsch, Christopher G Mathew, Maria Lagerstrom-Fermer, Stefan Schreiber
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Prevention of Atherosclerosis in Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafts
Authors: Valentin Fuster, David A. Vorchheimer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been performed for more than 30 years. After the first bypass operation with a saphenous-vein graft, in 1964,1 the technique was formally described in 19672; one year later the use of a graft from the internal thoracic artery was initiated. Revascularization with CABG was complemented in 1977 by the technique of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). These revascularization methods have profound economic implications; approximately 1 million patients undergo revascularization in the United States each year, at an estimated cost exceeding $15 billion.3 CABG, the most commonly performed major operation in the United States, effectively . . .
In Situ Carcinoma of the Esophagus Macroscopic Study with Particular Reference to the Lugol Test
Authors: A.M. Mandard, J. Tourneux, M. Gignoux, L. Blanc, P. Segol, J.C. Mandard
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

The results presented here concern the study of in situ cancer and marked dysplasia revealed during the pathological study of 39 specimens removed during esophagogastrectomy for invasive carcinoma of the esophagus.
Adenosine deaminase activity in pleural effusions: an aid to differential diagnosis.
Authors: M A Piras, C Gakis, M Budroni, G Andreoni
Journal: BMJ (1978)

<h3>Background</h3> Collateral damage to upper eyelid margin during proton beam radiotherapy (PBR) for choroidal melanoma may cause squamous metaplasia of the tarsal conjunctiva with keratinisation, corneal irritation, discomfort and, rarely, corneal perforation. We evaluated transpalpebral PBR as a means of avoiding collateral damage to the upper eyelid margin without increasing the risk of failure of local tumour control. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent PBR for choroidal melanoma between 1992 and 2007 at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital and the Douglas Cyclotron at Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, UK. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-three patients were included in this study. Mean basal tumour diameter and tumour thickness were 11.8 mm and 3.6 mm, respectively. PBR mean beam range and modulation were 26.5 mm and 16.9 mm respectively. The eyelid margin was included in the radiation field in 15 (24%) eyes. The median follow-up was 2.5 years. Local tumour recurrence developed in 2 (3.2%) patients. In these two cases that developed tumour recurrence the transpalpebral treatment did not involve the eyelid margin. Six (9.5%) patients died of metastatic disease. No eyelid or ocular surface problems developed in any of the 48 patients who were treated without eyelid rim involvement, while 7 of the 15 patients with unavoidable irradiation of the eyelid rim developed some degree of madarosis. These seven patients all received more than 26.55 proton Gy to the eyelid margin. Symptoms, such as grittiness occurred in 12% of 48 patients without eyelid margin irradiation as compared with 53% of 15 patients whose lid margin was irradiated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Transpalpebral PBR of choroidal melanoma avoids eyelid and ocular surface complications without increasing failure of local tumour control.
The TLR4 antagonist CRX-526 protects against advanced diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Miao Lin, Wai Han Yiu, Rui Xi Li, Hao Jia Wu, Dickson W.L. Wong, Loretta Y.Y. Chan, Joseph C.K. Leung, Kar Neng Lai, Sydney C.W. Tang
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Noninvasive assessment of cardiac output using thoracic electrical bioimpedance in hemodynamically stable and unstable patients after cardiac surgery: a comparison with pulmonary artery thermodilution
Authors: Stefan Suttner, Thilo Schöllhorn, Joachim Boldt, Jochen Mayer, Kerstin D. Röhm, Katrin Lang, Swen N. Piper
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2006)
Inter- and Intra-Observer Variability of Magnification Chromoendoscopy for Detecting Specialized Intestinal Metaplasia at the Gastroesophageal Junction
Authors: A. Meining, T. Rösch, R. Kiesslich, M. Muders, F. Sax, W. Heldwein
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Magnification endoscopy after contrast enhancement with acetic acid or staining with methylene blue has been reported to be highly accurate in predicting specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) in Barrett's esophagus. So far, however, no data have been published on the interobserver and intra-observer variability of these new methods.Fifty-one patients with reflux symptoms were prospectively evaluated. Endoscopy was carried out with a magnification endoscope, and video sequences were recorded in standard and zoom modes (at the 12-o'clock, 3-o'clock, 6-o'clock, and 9-o'clock positions) before and after instillation of 1.5 % acetic acid (n = 26) or staining with 0.5 % methylene blue (n = 25). Biopsies were obtained from the same locations for histopathological examination. The 102 video sequences were shown to four experienced endoscopists in a mixed and blinded fashion. The evaluation criteria used followed the published criteria; classification was carried out according to the pit-pattern structure, methylene blue positivity, and the presence of villous structures. Finally, a general statement on suspected SIM in relation to Barrett's esophagus was requested.With regard to the criteria selected for evaluation, there was a high level of interobserver variability among the four examiners (all kappa < 0.4). SIM was histologically detectable in 60.8 % of the patients. The accuracy of all of the examiners for predicting SIM by magnification endoscopy was around 50 %, with no differences observed before and after instillation of acetic acid or methylene blue staining.The suggested criteria for identifying SIM using magnification endoscopy are associated with a high level of interobserver variability. When evaluated in a blinded manner, staining techniques do not significantly improve the yield for detecting SIM at the esophagogastric junction.
PGRP-LC and PGRP-LE have essential yet distinct functions in the drosophila immune response to monomeric DAP-type peptidoglycan
Authors: Takashi Kaneko, Tamaki Yano, Kamna Aggarwal, Jae-Hong Lim, Kazunori Ueda, Yoshiteru Oshima, Camilla Peach, Deniz Erturk-Hasdemir, William E Goldman, Byung-Ha Oh, Shoichiro Kurata, Neal Silverman
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
TCT-389 Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Triple Kissing Balloon Technique After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation for Left Main Trifurcation Disease: Comparison Between Single- and Two-Stent Techniques
Authors: Shunsuke Kubo, Kazushige Kadota, Seiji Habara, Takeshi Tada, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yasushi Fuku, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazuaki Mitsudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Activation-induced T-cell death and immune dysfunction after implantation of left-ventricular assist de vice
Authors: Hendrik Jan Ankersmit, Sorina Tugudea, Talia Spanier, Alan D Weinberg, John H Artrip, Elizabeth M Burke, Margaret Flannery, Donna Mancini, Eric A Rose, Niloo M Edwards, Mehmet C Oz, Silviu Itescu
Journal: The Lancet (1999)

BackgroundCardiac transplantation is a limited option for end-stage heart failure because of the shortage of donor organs. Left-ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are currently under investigation as permanent therapy for end-stage heart failure, but long-term successful device implantation is limited because of a high rate of serious infections. To examine the relation between LVAD-related infection and host immunity, we investigated immune responses in LVAD recipients.MethodsWe compared the rate of candidal infection in 78 patients with New York Heart Association class IV heart failure who received either an LVAD (n=40) or medical management (controls, n=38). Fuorochrome-labelled monoclonal antibodies were used in analyses of T-cell phenotype. Analysis of T-cell function included intradermal responses to recall antigens and proliferative responses after stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin, monoclonal antibodies to CD3, and mixed lymphocyte culture. We measured T-cell apoptosis in vivo by annexin V binding, and confirmed the result by assessment of DNA fragmentation. Activation-induced T-cell death was measured after T-cell stimulation with antibodies to CD3. All immunological tests were done at least 1 month after LVAD implantation Between-group comparisons were by Kaplan-Meier actuarial analysis and Student's t test.FindingsBy 3 months after implantation of LVAD, the risk of developing candidal infection was 28% in LVAD recipients, compared with 3% in controls (p=0·003). LVAD recipients had cutaneous anergy to recall antigens and lower (<70%) T-cell proliferative responses than controls after activation via the T-cell receptor complex (p<0·001). T cells from LVAD recipients had higher surface expression of CD95 (Fas) (p<0·001) and a higher rate of spontaneous apoptosis (p<0·001) than controls. Moreover, after stimulation with antibodies to CD3, CD4 T-cell death increased by 3·2-fold in LVAD recipients compared with only 1·2-fold in controls (p<0·05).InterpretationLVAD implantation results in an aberrant state of T-cell activation, heightened susceptibility of CD4 T cells to activation-induced cell death, progressive defects in cellular immunity, and increased risk of opportunistic infection.
229 TGFBR3 POLYMORPHISMS AND ITS HAPLOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AND AGE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA OCCURRENCE
Authors: J.-H. Kim, B.-L. Park, H.S. Cheong, C.F.A. Pasaje, J.S. Bae, H.-S. Lee, H.D. Shin, Y.J. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)