tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delineating the Secretome of Eleven Breast Cell Lines in the Quest for Novel Breast Cancer Biomarkers.
Authors: M. Pavlou, M. Pavlou, E. Diamandis, E. Diamandis, E. Diamandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Close to 200,000 new cases of breast cancer are estimated in United States for 2009, rendering breast cancer the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. Patients diagnosed with early stage breast cancer have significantly improved survival rates compared to late stage patients, underlining the need for identification of biomarkers for early detection. In this study the secretome of 11 breast cell lines was analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry to identify novel breast cancer biomarkers.Materials and Methods: To reflect disease heterogeneity, three cell lines for each breast cancer type (estrogen/ progesterone receptor positive, triple negative, HER2/neu amplified) along with two near-normal cell lines were selected (HCC-1428, BT483, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HCC-1143, HCC-38, SK-BR-3, HCC-202, UACC-812). The conditioned media were lyophilized to dryness and the proteins were denaturated, reduced and trypsin digested. The peptides were separated by strong cation chromatography and the resulted fractions were analyzed in a linear ion-trap coupled to an orbitrap mass analyser. All samples were run in duplicate and spectra were searched with Mascot and X!Tandem engines. Scaffold software was used to cross-validate Mascot and X!Tandem results.Results and Discussion: Over 800 unique proteins were identified in the conditioned media of each cell line, resulting in more than 4,000 proteins from the eleven breast cell lines. More than 40% of the proteins were identified with at least 2 unique peptides and the reproducibility between replicates of the same cell line was approximately 70-80%. Using an in-house developed program, we compared the proteomes of all the cell lines to distinguish unique and common proteins and we determined the cellular localization and the biological function for each protein. Then, we focused on extracellular and plasma membrane proteins, which constitute approximately 30% of total proteins, since secreted or shed proteins are more likely to enter the circulation and serve as potential biomarkers. This list of candidates was compared to the existing nipple aspirate fluid proteome to select proteins that have been also detected in breast microenvironment. These proteins were further analyzed based on Unigene database and appropriate literature to select the final list of 10 candidates for validation by immunoassays. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2137.
[328] PAR-1 KNOCKOUT BONE MARROW STEM CELLS CAN CONFER AN ANTI-FIBROTIC PHENOTYPE TO THE INJURED LIVER
Authors: Y.N. Kallis, C.J. Scotton, R.D. Goldin, F.P. Russo, R.C. Chambers, H.C. Thomas, S.J. Forbes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Pr antigens in the skin: distinct localization linked to the stage and the type of keratinocyte differentiation
Authors: J.H. SAURAT, L. DIDIERJEAN, B. HABIBI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Pr antigens (Pr ags), glycoconjugates of the red blood cell surface, have been traced in stratified squamous epithclia (SSE) with homogeneous and serologically monospecific monoclonal antibodies. Pr ags were expressed either at the plasma membrane level or within the cytoplasm of the keratinocytes (associated with the cytoskeleton). Pr ags were expressed in the basal cells. The distribution within this germinative compartment was in accordance with the concept of a cellular heterogenicity in the basal cell layer. A neuraminidase resistant Pr ag was retained in the maturing compartment of epithelia undergoing parakeratotic differentiation (including psoriatic epidermis). Monoclonal cold agglutinins may serve as new markers for the study of glycoconjugates in keratinocytes during normal and pathological differentiation.
Retired Physicians Are Willing to Work
Authors: William B. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We are continually told that low-income families are not receiving needed medical care and the only government solution being proposed is to raise taxes and impose more regulations. I also continuously hear from retired physicians that they would enjoy doing a little medical work, even donating their services without pay, but the malpractice premiums would be prohibitive, and in my state of Ohio, the medical licensing board has no category for retired physicians to practice free of charge. No one knows, however, how many retired physicians would be willing to volunteer their expertise, whether in an administrative, consultative, examining, or treating capacity, if they were allowed to give their services free to our country's low-income needy. To answer this question, I recently conducted a survey of the retired medical physicians in my Summit County Medical Society of Ohio. I wrote to all of our retired members whom
Promoting cost effective prescribing
Authors: N. Freemantle, D. Henry, A. Maynard, G. Torrance
Journal: BMJ (1995)

In many countries the cost effectiveness of drugs is receiving increasing attention. Rising budgets have heightened concerns about containing costs and whether resources are used efficiently.1 The need for rigorous examination of cost effectiveness as well as clinical effectiveness has been argued for.2 3 4 The message is clear: doctors may prescribe an effective drug to patients who will benefit, but if the drug is not cost effective they may be using resources that would produce greater benefit for other patients for the same cost.

Expensive drugs require the use of limited resources, which, once deployed are not available for other activities that may bring greater benefits for patients. When an expensive drug is shown to be cost effective, however, its use is justified by the additional benefits it brings. To use scarce resources efficiently the careful and explicit measurement of the value of what is given up (the opportunity cost) and the value of what is gained (for example, improvements in the length and quality of life) is essential. The measurement of cost alone or effectiveness alone will produce inefficiency as a rational health care system finances expensive alternatives to existing treatments only if these bring additional benefits commensurate with the cost.

The pharmaceutical industry has been quick to realise the potential of economic analyses in promoting new and expensive products.5 Governments have also recognised the importance of economic …
MERCUROCHROME IN NOSE AND THROAT
Authors: Dunbar Roy
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Apropos of the recent article inThe Journal(April 30, p. 1391) by Earl B. McKinley and Margaret Holden on the dangers attending the intraspinal injection of mercurochrome, allow me to voice my own opposition to the prevalent use of this remedy in the treatment of nose and throat conditions, especially in children. It has become the almost universal practice in this part of the country to use various strength solutions of mercurochrome in the treatment of acute pharyngeal conditions and acute cold in the head. Mothers are now dropping solutions of this remedy in the nasal cavities of young children just as they previously had done with mild silver protein solutions, and in some instances even sprays have been used. I have recently seen two cases in which I am sure this remedy produced a decided toxic effect from its use in the nose. Small children
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp—a definition
Authors: J. L. Burton, R. D. G. Peachey, R. J. Pye
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp—a definition Get access J. L. Burton, J. L. Burton Department of Dermatology Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. D. G. Peachey, R. D. G. Peachey Department of Dermatology Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. J. Pye R. J. Pye Department of Dermatology Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 3, 1 September 1988, Page 411, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03242.x Published: 01 September 1988
LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS IN THE SYRIAN HAMSTER
Authors: J. E. Smadel, M. J. Wall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

The virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis produces an intense systemic infection in Syrian hamsters with few if any clinical and pathological signs of disease. Specific soluble antigen is demonstrable in the spleen of infected animals until about the 14th day when antisoluble substance antibodies make their appearance. Circulating virus disappears after the 4th week and neutralizing antibodies are present in serum in detectable amounts shortly thereafter; both types of antibody persist for at least several months. The viruses of St. Louis encephalitis and lymphocytic choriomeningitis can be concurrently passed in series in the brains of hamsters. The resultant disease is indistinguishable from that caused by the virus of St. Louis encephalitis alone.
Army doctor "heard our cries" but failed to act, says Iraqi detainee
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A British army doctor in Basra ignored the cries of detained civilians who were being beaten by troops in the aftermath of the invasion of Iraq, one of the detainees told a Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service panel, part of the new fitness to practise service of the UK General Medical Council.

Derek Keilloh is accused of misconduct in covering up the injuries of Baha Mousa, who died in September 2003 after a beating by soldiers from the 1st battalion Queens Lancashire Regiment, and failing in his duty to the other civilians who were detained after a raid on a hotel.

The hotel’s co-owner, Ahmed …
Thrombopoietic effects of pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF) in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Russell L Basser, John EJ Rasko, Kerrie Clarke, Jonathan Cebon, Michael D Green, Sonay Hussein, Carole Alt, Dora Menchaca, Dianne Tomita, Jenny Marty, Richard M Fox, C Glenn Begley
Journal: The Lancet (1996)
Papyrus, Version 7.0: The Papyrus Bibliography System
Authors: Peter L. Silbert
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To remain current in whatever one's field of medicine, regular reading of the latest journals is essential. It is a common scenario, however, that relocating the article years, months, or even weeks later can be difficult, relying on often vague recollections of the journal and reference, or searching files or the pile of articles on one's desk. A cataloging system is essential, and, with the current wave of increasingly affordable notebooks and subnotebooks, an affordable software program to facilitate this organization of material has been long awaited. <i>Papyrus</i>is a reference database—bibliography program that we have had the opportunity to use over the last few months. Its main function is to store and retrieve bibliographic references in any format (journal articles, books, chapters, and the like), but it will also automatically assemble bibliographies in multiple predefined formats. Installation is easy in both DOS and Windows environments, and the interface is
Current status of the cryopreservation of human unfertilized oocytes
Authors: S. J. Paynter
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2000)

Cryopreservation facilitates the long-term storage of oocytes from patients in danger of losing ovarian function and allows greater flexibility in fertility services for other patients. If some of the oocytes collected following ovulation stimulation are stored prior to fertilization, this alleviates many of the ethical concerns associated with embryo preservation. Concerns that cryopreservation could lead to disruption of the spindle and chromosomes, thus leading to genetic abnormalities of the offspring produced, mean that this procedure is not permitted in some countries. The recent spate of human live births from thawed oocytes has prompted the granting of the first licence allowing the use of thawed oocytes in the UK. However, the success rate of this procedure is still low and further research is required to refine these techniques and to develop new ones.
Use of radionuclide imaging to determine gastric emptying of carbohydrate solutions during exercise.
Authors: D MacLaren, A Miles, I O'Neill, M Critchley, S Grime, H Stockdale
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate the repeatability of continual assessment of the gastric emptying rates of carbohydrate solutions in exercising subjects using 99mtechnetium labelling. METHODS--Gastric emptying of a 5% glucose solution and an iso-osmotic maltodextrin solution was measured using 3 MBq of 99mtechnetium labelled diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and continuous gamma camera imaging in five male subjects. The subjects performed four 1 h trials at 70% VO2 peak on a cycle ergometer. After 15 min, 200 ml of a radiolabelled solution of glucose or maltodextrin were ingested in a blind crossover protocol. The two solutions were each ingested on separate occasions (trial 1 and trial 2) to establish repeatability. RESULTS--Statistical analysis showed no differences between trial 1 and trial 2 for both solutions. There were no significant differences for the emptying rates between the two test solutions. CONCLUSIONS--Posterior imaging using a computer linked gamma camera following the ingestion of 99mtechnetium labelled DTPA mixed with carbohydrate solutions provides a repeatable method of assessing gastric emptying characteristics in exercising subjects. This technique showed no significant differences between the emptying rates of a single dose of iso-osmotic glucose or maltodextrin solution.
Association of Socioeconomic Status With Functional Capacity, Heart Rate Recovery, and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Mehdi H. Shishehbor, David Litaker, Claire E. Pothier, Michael S. Lauer
Journal: JAMA (2006)

ContextLower socioeconomic status (SES) confers heightened cardiovascular risk and mortality, although the mediating pathways are unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the extent to which exercise physiologic characteristics account for the association between lower SES and mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective cohort study of 30 043 consecutive patients living in 7 counties in northeast Ohio referred between 1990 and 2002 for symptom-limited stress testing for evaluation of known or suspected coronary artery disease. Follow-up for mortality continued through February 2004.Main Outcome MeasuresEstimated functional capacity in metabolic equivalents and heart rate recovery, physiologic characteristics that are determined directly from exercise; testing and all-cause mortality during a median follow-up of 6.5 years.ResultsMultivariable models adjusting for demographics, insurance status, smoking status, and clinical confounders demonstrated a strong association between a composite SES score based on census block data and functional capacity (adjusted odds ratio comparing 25th with 75th percentile values, 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-1.89; P&lt;.001) as well as heart rate recovery (adjusted odds ratio comparing 25th with 75th percentile values, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07-1.30; P&lt;.001). There were 2174 deaths, with mortality risk increasing from 5% to 10% as SES decreased by quartile (P&lt;.001). Cox proportional hazards models that included all confounding variables except exercise physiologic characteristics demonstrated increased mortality as SES decreased (adjusted hazard ratio comparing 25th with 75th percentile values, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.22-1.42; P&lt;.001). After further adding functional capacity and heart rate recovery, the magnitude of this relationship was reduced (comparing 25th with 75th percentile values; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.08-1.26; P&lt;.001), with these variables explaining 47% of the association.ConclusionsImpaired functional capacity and abnormal heart rate recovery were strongly associated with lower SES and accounted for a major proportion of the correlation between SES and mortality. Efforts to modify these clinical features among patients with low SES may narrow disparities in mortality.
The Great Cancer Epidemic
Authors: Suzanne Dandoy
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> "A 14% Prevalence Deserves Our Respect!" More than deserving respect, a 14% prevalence of carcinoma of the cervix among women in their twenties should cause alarm. The actual prevalence in the study was approximately 0.7%, assuming the 18,160 examinations to have been in that number of individual women. Even then, it was only a prevalence among the examined. The 14% "prevalence" represented the percentage of all patients with cervical cancer who were aged 20 through 29 years at the time of diagnosis.
Physical Foundations of Radiology.
Authors: Otto Glasser
Journal: JAMA (1952)

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Field ecology of toxic Pfiesteria complex species and a conservative analysis of their role in estuarine fish kills.
Authors: H B Glasgow, J M Burkholder, M A Mallin, N J Deamer-Melia, R E Reed
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Within the past decade, toxic Pfiesteria outbreaks have been documented in poorly flushed, eutrophic areas of the largest and second largest estuaries on the U.S. mainland. Here we summarize a decadal field effort in fish kill assessment, encompassing kills related to Pfiesteria (49 major kills in North Carolina estuaries since 1991 and 4 in Maryland estuaries in 1997) and to other factors such as low oxygen stress (79 major fish kills in North Carolina estuaries). The laboratory and field data considered in developing our protocols are described, including toxic Pfiesteria behavior, environmental conditions conducive to toxic Pfiesteria activity, and impacts of toxic clonal Pfiesteria on fish health. We outline the steps of the standardized fish bioassay procedure that has been used since 1991 to diagnose whether actively toxic Pfiesteria was present during estuarine fish kills. Detailed data are given for a 1998 toxic Pfiesteria outbreak in the Neuse Estuary in North Carolina to illustrate of the full suite of diagnostic steps completed. We demonstrate that our conservative approach in implicating toxic Pfiesteria involvement in fish kills has biased in favor of causes other than Pfiesteria. Data are summarized from experiments that have shown stimulation of toxic Pfiesteria strains by nutrient (N, P) enrichment, supporting field observations of highest abundance of toxic strains in eutrophic estuaries. On the basis of a decade of research on toxic Pfiesteria, we present a conceptual model of the seasonal dynamics of toxic strains as affected by changing food resources and weather patterns. We also recommend protocols and research approaches that will strengthen the science of fish kill assessment related to Pfiesteria and/or other causative factors.
Current perspective of the impact of smoking on the progression and treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Francisco H. Nociti, Marcio Z. Casati, Poliana Mendes Duarte
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2014)

Abstract This literature review provides an overview of the current scenario regarding the impact of smoking on the progression and treatment of periodontitis; clinical, microbiological and immunological data from studies from our and other groups are presented. In general, preclinical and clinical data are unanimous in demonstrating that smokers present increased susceptibility, greater severity and faster progression of periodontal disease compared with nonsmokers. The evidence further demonstrates that smokers lose more teeth and have a less favorable response to therapy than do nonsmokers. Although it is well established that smoking significantly impacts on the onset, progression and outcome of periodontal disease, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. More importantly, some of the reported deleterious effects of smoking on periodontal tissues have been reported to be reversible upon participation in smoking‐cessation programs. Therefore, clinicians should strongly advise smokers to enroll in cessation strategies, even temporarily, in order to improve the overall outcome.
An Address on the Progress of Sanitary Reform
Authors: L. Playfair
Journal: BMJ (1874)

<h3>Background</h3> National estimates of all-terrain vehicle (ATV) riding patterns among youth in the USA are lacking. <h3>Methods</h3> We analysed the 2011 YouthStyles survey to estimate the proportion of 12–17 year olds in the USA who had ridden an ATV at least once during the past 12 months and summarise their patterns of helmet use. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 831 youth respondents, an estimated 25% reported riding an ATV at least once during the past year. The proportion of youth living outside of a Metropolitan Statistical Area who reported riding an ATV was twice that of those living inside of a Metropolitan Statistical Area. Males and females reported similar proportions of riding at least once during the past year, but among riders, the proportion of males who rode ≥6 times was triple that of females. Only 45% of riders reported always wearing a helmet, and 25% reported never wearing a helmet. The most frequent riders had the lowest consistent helmet use, with 8 of 10 youth who rode ≥6 times during the past year not always wearing a helmet. <h3>Conclusions</h3> ATV riding appears to remain popular among youth in the USA, particularly in rural areas, and consistent helmet use while riding is low. A more thorough understanding of gender differences in ATV riding patterns among youth and perceived risks and benefits of both safe and unsafe riding practices might help inform future ATV injury prevention efforts.
Mutational and Immunohistochemical Study of the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Greece
Authors: Elias Sozopoulos, Helen Litsiou, Gerassimos Voutsinas, Nikolaos Mitsiades, Nikolaos Anagnostakis, Thomais Tseva, Efstratios Patsouris, Sofia Tseleni-Balafouta
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2010)