tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The invasion of burned skin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: SHIRLEY A. CARNEY, R. E. DYSTER, R. J. JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

When standard skin burns of mice were infected with a virulent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa there was rapid and extensive penetration of the burn and underlying tissues by the organisms. Under similar experimental conditions an a virulent strain of Ps. aeruginosa remained localized at the surface of the burned skin. In vitro experiments showed that heating did not make the proteins of skin more susceptible to hydrolysis by enzymes, since heated and unheated skin were hydrolysed to approximately the same extent by proteinases from both virulent and avirulent strains of Ps. aeruginosa.
Circulating T cell subtypes in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: variation in the percentage of CD8+ cells with prednisolone treatment.
Authors: G D Pountain, M T Keogan, D L Brown, B L Hazleman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVES--Some reports have described a decreased percentage of circulating CD8+ cells in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis (PMR/GCA) before treatment and persisting for some months during treatment with corticosteroids. Other studies have found no such changes. There are overt methodological variations between these studies and there may also hidden differences, such as the timing of blood samples. The purpose of this study was to investigate T cell subtypes in patients with PMR/GCA while controlling for variables known to affect T cells. METHODS--Circulating T cell subsets were measured in 36 patients with PMR/GCA before and during treatment with prednisolone. Blood samples during treatment were taken before the daily dose of prednisolone. The whole blood lysis method was used followed by flow cytometry. RESULTS--Compared with controls, CD8+ cells were not reduced before treatment in patients with PMR/GCA (0.44 x 10(9)/l; 28% of lymphocytes). CD4+ cells were also normal (0.78 x 10(9)/l; 48% of lymphocytes). During treatment with prednisolone total T cells increased from 1.18 to 1.59 x 10(9)/l and CD4+ cells increased from 0.78 to 1.05 x 10(9)/l. The percentage of CD8+ cells decreased on treatment from 28 to 25%. CONCLUSIONS--This study does not confirm the finding of some groups that the percentage of circulating CD8+ cells is reduced in patients with PMR/GCA before treatment. It does show that the percentage of CD8+ cells decreases during treatment with corticosteroids. This needs to be considered when designing studies of lymphocyte subsets in diseases treated with corticosteroids.
A population based study of Helicobacter pylori infection in a European country: the San Marino Study. Relations with gastrointestinal diseases.
Authors: G Gasbarrini, S Pretolani, F Bonvicini, M R Gatto, E Tonelli, F Megraud, K Mayo, G Ghironzi, G Giulianelli, M Grassi
Journal: Gut (1995)

Helicobacter pylori is present worldwide but few large population studies exist on the epidemiology of the infection. A random cross sectional study was performed of H pylori infection in the adult population of San Marino, a European country with high gastric cancer rate, to assess its prevalence and to evaluate its relations with gastrointestinal disease. In 2237 subjects (77% of the initial sample) H pylori IgG antibodies were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. A questionnaire including questions about occupation, place of birth, and smoking was given to all subjects. Dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer in the subjects, relatives, and partners as well as use of drug, dental treatment/prostheses, and gastrointestinal endoscopies, were evaluated by multivariate analysis. H pylori prevalence was of 51%, increased with age from 23% (20-29 years) to 68% (&gt; or = 70 years), and was higher among manual workers. H pylori was independently associated with ulcer (OR = 1.63, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.16 to 2.27), H2 antagonists (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.10), and benzodiazepines (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.42), dental prostheses (OR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.49), gastroscopy in the past five years (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.14), peptic ulcer in siblings (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.09 to 2.12), gastric cancer in father (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.02 to 2.52). The association of seropositivity with history of ulcer, gastric cancer in family, gastroscopy, and H2 antagonists suggests that H pylori is an epidemiological key factor in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases in this area.
Genome-wide association of early-onset myocardial infarction with single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants
Authors: Sekar Kathiresan, Benjamin F Voight, Shaun Purcell, Kiran Musunuru, Diego Ardissino, Pier M Mannucci, Sonia Anand, James C Engert, Nilesh J Samani, Heribert Schunkert, Jeanette Erdmann, Muredach P Reilly, Daniel J Rader, Thomas Morgan, John A Spertus, Monika Stoll, Domenico Girelli, Pascal P McKeown, Chris C Patterson, David S Siscovick, Christopher J O'Donnell, Roberto Elosua, Leena Peltonen, Veikko Salomaa, Stephen M Schwartz, Olle Melander, David Altshuler, Pier Angelica Merlini, Carlo Berzuini, Luisa Bernardinelli, Flora Peyvandi, Marco Tubaro, Patrizia Celli, Maurizio Ferrario, Raffaela Fetiveau, Nicola Marziliano, Giorgio Casari, Michele Galli, Flavio Ribichini, Marco Rossi, Francesco Bernardi, Pietro Zonzin, Alberto Piazza, Jean Yee, Yechiel Friedlander, Jaume Marrugat, Gavin Lucas, Isaac Subirana, Joan Sala, Rafael Ramos, James B Meigs, Gordon Williams, David M Nathan, Calum A MacRae, Aki S Havulinna, Goran Berglund, Joel N Hirschhorn, Rosanna Asselta, Stefano Duga, Marta Spreafico, Mark J Daly, James Nemesh, Joshua M Korn, Steven A McCarroll, Aarti Surti, Candace Guiducci, Lauren Gianniny, Daniel Mirel, Melissa Parkin, Noel Burtt, Stacey B Gabriel, John R Thompson, Peter S Braund, Benjamin J Wright, Anthony J Balmforth, Stephen G Ball, Alistair S Hall, Patrick Linsel-Nitschke, Wolfgang Lieb, Andreas Ziegler, Inke R König, Christian Hengstenberg, Marcus Fischer, Klaus Stark, Anika Grosshennig, Michael Preuss, H-Erich Wichmann, Stefan Schreiber, Willem Ouwehand, Panos Deloukas, Michael Scholz, Francois Cambien, Mingyao Li, Zhen Chen, Robert Wilensky, William Matthai, Atif Qasim, Hakon H Hakonarson, Joe Devaney, Mary-Susan Burnett, Augusto D Pichard, Kenneth M Kent, Lowell Satler, Joseph M Lindsay, Ron Waksman, Stephen E Epstein, Thomas Scheffold, Klaus Berger, Andreas Huge, Nicola Martinelli, Oliviero Olivieri, Roberto Corrocher, Hilma Hólm, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson, Ron Do, Changchun Xie, David Siscovick
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Current Strategies in Treatment of Oligodendroglioma: Evolution of Molecular Signatures of Response
Authors: Kurt A. Jaeckle, Karla V. Ballman, Ravi D. Rao, Robert B. Jenkins, Jan C. Buckner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Oligodendroglioma frequently (> or = 70%) responds to radiation and chemotherapy, and is the first CNS neoplasm in which a genetic signature (1p and 19q deletion) has been associated with outcome within the context of large clinical trials. Current translational investigations focus on deletions or mutations of potential tumor suppressor genes, epigenetic alterations, amplification or mutation of growth factor and regulatory genes, and characterization of signaling events and regulatory protein expression. The most compelling data has involved 1p and 19q loss, which is observed in over 50% of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. In two randomized phase III trials (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9402 and European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer 26951), the addition of neoadjuvant or adjuvant procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV; respectively) to radiotherapy did not produce superior survival as compared with radiotherapy alone. A modest increase in progression-free survival was observed with the addition of PCV, but at the cost of increased toxicity. Combined 1p and 19q loss identified a favorable prognostic group in both studies, which appeared to be independent of treatment arms. However, it is unclear whether these deletions represent surrogate markers of a favorable biologic tumor behavior, or are predictive of outcome after specific treatment. Currently, there is insufficient data to allow therapeutic decisions to be made solely on the basis of 1p and 19q gene deletion status. Future phase III trials are evaluating other chemotherapeutic and targeted agents, including temozolomide, and include correlative investigations of aberrant molecular events in these neoplasms, which may lead to future therapeutic strategies that are based on specific molecular signatures.
Heerfordt Syndrome Initially Presenting With Subcutaneous Mass Lesions: Usefulness of Gallium-67 Scans Before and After Treatment
Authors: Yoshifumi Sugawara, Kenshi Sakayama, Eiji Sada, Makoto Kajihara, Takatoshi Semba, Hiroshi Higashino, Teruhito Mochizuki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Heerfordt syndrome is characterized by parotid gland swelling, uveitis, facial nerve palsy, and fever. This syndrome is recognized as a rare special form of sarcoidosis, and the definite diagnosis of this syndrome is made histologically according to sarcoidosis, ie, by demonstration of noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. Although a gallium-67 scan is helpful for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis, there have been very few reports on the usefulness of gallium-67 scan for this syndrome. We present gallium-67 scans obtained before and after treatment in a case of Heerfordt syndrome.
Logical Principles in Differential Diagnosis
Authors: ROBERT B. PRICE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Differential diagnosis, like scientific research, is shown to be based on the method of hypothesis that was first described by Plato. The logical basis of this method is examined, potential fallacies of logic identified, and the process explained by Venn diagrams. To disprove a diagnosis because it fails to explain a finding, one must assume that there is only one unknown disease. To disprove a diagnosis because of lack of an expected finding, one must assume that this feature always accompanies that disease. A diagnosis is likely but unproved if the usual features of that disease are found and if the findings reflect the basic mechanism of the disease. It is emphasized, however, that compatible findings do not prove a diagnosis; they merely establish that it is possible. Proof demands the presence of a pathognomonic finding or of findings that, considered collectively, are uniquely characteristic of that disease and no other.
THE CALCULATION OF DRUG DOSAGE FOR CHILDREN: WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW AND SIMPLE METHOD
Authors: W. J. Dilling
Journal: BMJ (1912)

I77whose first indication of trouble was an attack of transient aphasia, lost 2 st. in weight in a year, and his blood pressure sank from 200 to 150.He has been b3tter since he hat taken a philosophical view of the situation, and his bloMd pressure has risen to 189.
Chronic Osteomyelitis of Base of Skull
Authors: H. M. Askenasy, I. Z. Kosary, J. Braham
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Osteomyelitis of the base of the skull appearing together with or soon after infection of the sinuses or middle ear presents no diagnostic difficulties.This is not the case, however, where chronic osteomyelitis develops without such previous manifestations.Differ- entiation from neoplastic disease, in particular, is then by no means easy, nor is it clear whether the inflamma- tion is primary or has developed by a process of extension from neighbouring tissues.Radiographs of the skull, even when abnormal, do not give unequivocal information as to the nature of the lesion.Signs and symptoms are equally difficult to relate to an accurate localization.The condition is rare and we have seen only three cases in the past fifteen years; two were
Putting cognition into sociopathy
Authors: R. J. R. Blair, John Morton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract We make three suggestions with regard to Mealey's work. First, her lack of a cognitive analysis of the sociopath results in underspecified mappings between sociobiology and behavior. Second, the developmental literature indicates that Mealey's implicit assumption, that moral socialisation is achieved through punishment, is invalid. Third, we advance the use of causal modelling to map the developmental relationships between biology, cognition, and behaviour.
995. Effect of Viral Dose on Neutralizing Antibody Response and Transgene Expression after AAV1 Vector Re-Administration in Mice
Authors: Harald Petry, Ann Orme, Perry Liu, Maxine Bauzone, Heather Gibson, HuShen Qian, Gabor M. Rubanyi, Richard N. Harkins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Neutralizing antibodies (nAB) at the time of administration hamper the effectiveness of adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a clinical DNA delivery system. The present study was designed to investigate if AAV re-administration in muscle tissue is dependent on the nAB titer. Recombinant (r)AAV serotype 1, as a promising candidate for targeting skeletal muscle, was used for gene delivery. C57Bl/6 mice were infected intramuscularly with doses between 1 x 10(9) and 5 x 10(10) virus particles (vp) of AAV1-expressing luciferase (AAV1-luc) or human interferon-beta (AAV1-hIFNbeta). Increasing transgene expression was observed over the first 2 months and anti-AAV1 nAB titers peaked between weeks 4 and 8. Six months after the first administration, 5 x 10(10) vp of AAV1-IFNbeta were re-administered. Following re-administration, nAB titers increased but did not significantly affect transgene expression from the AAV vector that had been administered first. In contrast, hIFNbeta expression originating from the second vector administration was significantly diminished and reflected the nAB titer present at the day of re-administration. The present study extends earlier observations that preexisting nAB affects AAV1 re-administration. The level of nAB is proportional to the virus dose used for the first injection and transgene expression following re-administration is dependent on preexisting nAB titer.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use and Increased Risk for Peptic Ulcer Disease in Elderly Persons
Authors: Marie R. Griffin, Joyce M. Piper, James R. Daugherty, Mary Snowden, Wayne A. Ray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To evaluate the relative risk for peptic ulcer disease that is associated with the use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatorydrugs. Design: Nested case-control study. Setting: Tennessee Medicaid program. Participants: Medicaid enrollees 65 years of age or older were included in the study. The 1415 case patients had been hospitalized for confirmed peptic ulcer disease at some point from 1984 through 1986. The 7063 control persons represented a stratified random sample of other Medicaid enrollees. Measurements and Main Results: The estimated relative risk for the development of peptic ulcer disease among current users of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, compared with that among nonusers, was 4.1 (95% CI, 3.5 to 4.7). For current users, the risk increased with increasing dose, from a relative risk of 2.8 (CI, 1.8 to 4.3) for the lowest to a relative risk of 8.0 (CI, 4.4 to 14.8) for the highest dose category. The risk was greatest in the first month of use (relative risk, 7.2; CI, 4.9 to 10.5). If the association is fully causal, 29% of peptic ulcers in the study sample resulted from the use of these drugs, and the excess risk associated with such use was 17.4 hospitalizations for ulcer disease per 1000 person-years of exposure. Conclusions: These data support other findings indicating that a clinically significant risk for serious ulcer disease is associated with the use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The data show that this risk increases with dose and recency of use and that use of these drugs may be responsible for a large proportion of peptic ulcer disease among elderly persons.
Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Combination with Chemotherapy Delays Hematopoietic Recovery Due to Decreased Proliferation of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Sergey V. Novitskiy, Ildiko Csiki, Yuhui Huang, David H. Johnson, Eva M. Harth, David P. Carbone, Mikhail M. Dikov
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
M7 Poor control of asthma in Uyo, South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: VA Umoh, I Ibok
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The prevalence of asthma is increasing in the developing world. Asthma, management guidelines have been instituted to provide recommendations for the optimal control of asthma. This study evaluated the current level of asthma control as reported by the patients which may be a reflection of adherence to guidelines. <h3>Methods</h3> Asthma patients referred to a respiratory diseases clinic were recruited for the study. The asthma control test (ACT) was administered on the patients. Data was also obtained for medication use and disease monitoring. A total ACT score of less than 20 signified poor control. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy out of 78 patients completed the survey (89.7%). The average age of patients was 46 ± 18 years. The average ACT score was 14.4 ± 4.8 (mean ± SD). 82.9% of patients had poor control. 57.1% of patients who perceived their asthma to be well or totally controlled were objectively assessed to be poorly controlled. More than half of the patients used short acting β2 agonist (SABA) alone and only 20% used inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for maintenance therapy. Thirty eight patients made unscheduled emergency room visits in the past 12 months and 68.8% could not use their inhaler devises well. Emergency room visits (OR 9.5) and poor inhaler technique (OR 18.9) was independent predictors of poor asthma control. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The current level of asthma control among patients in Uyo is below guideline recommendations. Management of patients did not appear to follow guideline recommendations and patients tend to over-estimate their disease control.
Onychomycosis in elderly chiropody patients
Authors: MARY P. ENGLISH, R. ATKINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Onychomycosis in elderly chiropody patients Get access MARY P. ENGLISH, MARY P. ENGLISH Mycology Laboratory, Pathology Department, Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, and Fishponds Health Centre, Beechwood Road, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. ATKINSON R. ATKINSON Mycology Laboratory, Pathology Department, Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, and Fishponds Health Centre, Beechwood Road, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 1, 1 July 1974, Pages 67–72, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06718.x Published: 01 July 1974 Article history Accepted: 22 October 1973 Published: 01 July 1974
Amiloride. Antiarrhythmic and electrophysiologic actions in patients with inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: H J Duff, L B Mitchell, K M Kavanagh, D E Manyari, A M Gillis, D G Wyse
Journal: Circulation (1989)

This study assessed the antiarrhythmic activity of amiloride in 35 patients with inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia. Patients had failed to respond to 3.6 +/- 1.0 antiarrhythmic drugs. Ventricular tachycardia was reproducibly induced by programmed electrical stimulation in all patients at the baseline study. Amiloride was given at 10 and 20 mg/day p.o. on a twice-daily schedule that achieved serum concentrations of 21 +/- 17 and 36 +/- 18 ng/ml, respectively. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was unchanged from 36 +/- 14% at baseline to 37 +/- 17% during amiloride treatment. Amiloride significantly increased serum potassium from 4.6 +/- 0.4 to 5.1 +/- 0.4 mM. Four patients failed amiloride therapy with spontaneous nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. The remaining 31 patients were assessed by repeat programmed stimulation. Six patients had complete antiarrhythmic response, and an additional six patients had less than 15 beats of ventricular tachycardia induced. Therefore, amiloride was an efficacious antiarrhythmic treatment in 12 of 35 (34%) patients. Amiloride concentrations were significantly higher (52 +/- 20 ng/ml) in patients that responded than in patients that did not respond (30 +/- 15 ng/ml). The only electrophysiologic measurement that changed significantly was the ventricular functional refractory period (from 269 +/- 24 to 283 +/- 25 msec, p less than 0.05). Amiloride also suppressed frequent, spontaneous ventricular premature beats in eight of 15 patients (53%). No somatic side effects occurred. Two of the five patients discharged on amiloride therapy developed asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and this prompted a change in antiarrhythmic therapy. Both died suddenly of arrhythmia during substitute empiric antiarrhythmic drug therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abstract 1892: Folate intake and incident colorectal cancer by KRAS mutation status in a population-based cohort of older women
Authors: Anthony Razzak, Robert A. Vierkant, Alice H. Wang, Lori S. Tillmans, Charles F. Lynch, Kristin E. Anderson, Robert W. Haile, Lisa J. Harnack, John D. Potter, Susan L. Slager, Thomas C. Smyrk, Stephen N. Thibodeau, James R. Cerhan, Paul J. Limburg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Folate intake (FI) appears to affect colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the molecular mechanism(s) involved are incompletely defined. In this study, we analyzed associations between FI and incident CRC, overall and by KRAS mutation status, in the population-based Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS). Methods: The IWHS recruited 41,836 randomly selected Iowa women, ages 55-69 years, with a valid driver's license at study entry (1986). FI and other exposure variables were assessed at baseline, by self-report. Incident CRC cases were ascertained by annual linkage with the Iowa Cancer Registry. Archived, paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were recently collected from 732 representative CRC cases diagnosed through 12/31/2002. FI (including supplements) was categorized by quartiles. KRAS mutation status (wildtype [wt] vs. mutated [mut]) was determined by direct sequence analysis of codons 12 and 13 (exon 2). Multivariate Cox regression models were fit to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of the 732 available CRC cases, 470 (64%) had complete FI and KRAS data. FI was not associated with incident CRC overall (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, RR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.82-1.28; p trend = 0.90), or with the KRAS-wt or KRAS-mut subtypes (see Table). Conclusions: These data do not support an association between FI and incident CRC, overall or by KRAS-defined subtypes, among older, predominately white, non-Hispanic women. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1892. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1892