tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Range- and azimuth-dependent variability of image texture in two-dimensional echocardiograms.
Authors: D J Skorton, S M Collins, S D Woskoff, J A Bean, H E Melton
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Regional two-dimensional (2D) echocardiographic amplitude patterns, or image texture, may be of diagnostic importance. Echocardiographic image texture is due in part to acoustic speckle, a complex pattern of interference of reflections from many small scatterers in tissue. The regional speckle pattern appears to be altered in several disorders associated with abnormalities in myocardial structure but also may be altered by a variety of characteristics of the scanning instrument. We hypothesized that quantitative measures of regional 2D echocardiographic image texture would vary as a function of position in range and azimuth within the field of view, even when imaging a uniform ensemble of scatterers. We tested this hypothesis by imaging a tissue-equivalent phantom with two phased-array scanners and two different methods of digitization. We analyzed the texture in several regions of interest separated in range and azimuth and found significant differences in quantitative texture measures as a function of position of the region of interest in the sector field of view (p values .006 to .0001 by multivariate analysis of variance). We found significant regional variability in texture with both scanners and both methods of digitization. We conclude that regional quantitative image texture in 2D echocardiograms varies as a function of range and azimuth, even when imaging a uniform ensemble of scatterers. This variability is related to several physical and instrument-related phenomena and precludes interpreting all regional texture alterations as indicating tissue structural abnormalities.
Physicians Disciplined by a State Medical Board
Authors: James Morrison
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—State medical boards discipline several thousand physicians each year. Although certain subgroups, such as those disciplined for malpractice, substance use, or sexual abuse, have been studied, little is known about disciplined physicians as a group.Objective.—To assess the offenses, contributing factors, and type of discipline of a consecutive series of disciplined physicians.Design.—Case-control study on publicly available data matching 375 disciplined physicians with 2 groups of control physicians, one matched solely by locale, and a second matched for sex, type of practice, and locale.Subjects.—All disciplined physicians publicly reported by the Medical Board of California from October 1995 through April 1997.Main Outcome Measures.—Characteristics of disciplined physicians, offenses leading to discipline, and type of discipline.Results.—A total of 375 physicians licensed by the Medical Board of California (approximately 0.24% per year) were disciplined for 465 offenses. The most frequent causes for discipline were negligence or incompetence (34%), abuse of alcohol or other drugs (14%), inappropriate prescribing practices (11%), inappropriate contact with patients (10%), and fraud (9%). Discipline imposed was revocation of medical license (21%), actual suspension of license (13%), stayed suspension of license (45%), and reprimand (21%). Type of offense was significantly associated with severity of discipline (P=.03). In logistic regression models comparing disciplined physicians with controls matched by locale, board discipline was significantly associated with physicians' sex (odds ratio [OR] for women, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.70) and involvement in direct patient care (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.75-3.75). In the regression model with additional matching criteria, disciplinary action was negatively associated with specialty board certification (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.29-0.60) and positively associated with being in practice more than 20 years (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.39-2.92).Conclusions.—A small but substantial proportion of physicians is disciplined each year for a variety of offenses. Further study of disciplined physicians is necessary to identify physicians at high risk for offenses leading to disciplinary action and to develop effective interventions to prevent these offenses.
Diazepam tolerance: effect of age, regular sedation, and alcohol.
Authors: P J Cook, R Flanagan, I M James
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The dose of intravenous diazepam required for sedation was estimated in a series of 78 patients aged 17-85 years given the drug for dental and endoscopic procedures. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant correlation (r = 0.71; p less than 0.001) between dose and age, body weight, the taking of regular sedation, and the taking of more than 40 g alcohol daily, but there were no differences in the doses required between men and women, smokers and non-smokers, inpatients and outpatients, or dental and endoscopy patients. Patients aged 80 required an average dose of 10 mg and patients aged 20 an average dose of 30 mg, and the dose required was much higher in those receiving regular sedation or having a high alcohol intake. Plasma total and free diazepam concentrations were measured in the second half of the series of patients (n = 37). Plasma concentrations required for sedation fell twofold to threefold between the ages of 20 and 80 and were significantly higher in those taking regular sedation or alcohol. Differences in the acute response to diazepam appeared to be due to differences in the sensitivity of the central nervous system (pharmacodynamic tolerance) rather than to differences in pharmacokinetic factors.
Plasma renin activity during and after dynamic and static exercise
Authors: J. G. COLLIER, J. KEDDIE, B. F. ROBINSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article Plasma renin activity during and after dynamic and static exercise Get access J. G. COLLIER, J. G. COLLIER From the Department of Medicine, St George's Hospital, London SW1 7EZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. KEDDIE, J. KEDDIE From the Department of Medicine, St George's Hospital, London SW1 7EZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. F. ROBINSON B. F. ROBINSON From the Department of Medicine, St George's Hospital, London SW1 7EZ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 3, May 1975, Pages 323–326, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.3.323 Published: 01 May 1975
Assessment of Left Ventricular Contractility in Patients Receiving Doxorubicin
Authors: Kenneth M. Borow, I. Craig Henderson, Alexander Neuman, Steven Colan, Stafford Grady, Steven Papish, Allen Goorin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

The usual indices of left ventricular systolic performance have been incapable of accurately recognizing early myocardial impairment in many patients treated with doxorubicin. Recently, several new load-independent, highly sensitive indices of left ventricular contractility have been developed including the slope value of the endsystolic pressure (Pes)-dimension (Des) relation and the position of the left ventricular end-systolic wall stress (sigma es)-percent fractional shortening (% delta D) relation. We used these indices to study 46 patients receiving either low dose or high dose doxorubicin. Results were compared with data from 30 healthy subjects. Resting % delta D failed to accurately recognize left ventricular dysfunction in 9 of 17 patients with low normal values. These patients had reduced afterload, as measured by sigma es, permitting normal extent of left ventricular fiber shortening despite impaired contractility as quantified by diminished Pes-Des slope values. There was 98% concordance between the relative position of the sigma es-% delta D relation and the slope value of the Pes-Des, relation. These indices offer an improved means of recognizing and quantitating impaired contractility in patients treated with doxorubicin.
Thyroid Function and Perfluoroalkyl Acids in Children Living Near a Chemical Plant
Authors: Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa, Debapriya Mondal, Ben Armstrong, Michael S. Bloom, Tony Fletcher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Animal studies suggest that some perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), including perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) may impair thyroid function. Epidemiological findings, mostly related to adults, are inconsistent.We investigated whether concentrations of PFAAs were associated with thyroid function among 10,725 children (1-17 years of age) living near a Teflon manufacturing facility in the Mid-Ohio Valley (USA).Serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (TT4), and PFAAs were measured during 2005-2006, and information on diagnosed thyroid disease was collected by questionnaire. Modeled in utero PFOA concentrations were based on historical information on PFOA releases, environmental distribution, pharmacokinetic modeling, and residential histories. We performed multivariate regression analyses.Median concentrations of modeled in utero PFOA and measured serum PFOA, PFOS, and PFNA were 12, 29, 20, and 1.5 ng/mL, respectively. The odds ratio for hypothyroidism (n = 39) was 1.54 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 2.37] for an interquartile range (IQR) contrast of 13 to 68 ng/mL in serum PFOA measured in 2005-2006. However, an IQR shift in serum PFOA was not associated with TSH or TT4 levels in all children combined. IQR shifts in serum PFOS (15 to 28 ng/mL) and serum PFNA (1.2 to 2.0 ng/mL) were both associated with a 1.1% increase in TT4 in children 1-17 years old (95% CIs: 0.6, 1.5 and 0.7, 1.5 respectively).This is the first large-scale report in children suggesting associations of serum PFOS and PFNA with thyroid hormone levels and of serum PFOA and hypothyroidism.
Interaction of Lithium and Methyldopa
Authors: ENAYAT OSANLOO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 March 1980Interaction of Lithium and MethyldopaENAYAT OSANLOO, M.D., JUDITH HOPFER DEGLIN, PHARM. D.ENAYAT OSANLOO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JUDITH HOPFER DEGLIN, PHARM. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-3-433_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Increased toxicity has been described when lithium is given in association with methyldopa (1, 2). We report another case to provide further evidence for this adverse drug-drug interaction.A 72-year-old white man was admitted because of bizarre behavior and hypertension. He had been hypertensive for 4 years and was receiving hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg daily, and a low sodium diet. A week before admission he began to stagger and became incoherently talkative. A day before admission he was found wandering aimlessly through the house. Except for hypertension, his medical history was unremarkable. At admission, his blood pressure was...References1. BYRD G. Methyldopa and lithium carbonate: suspected interaction. JAMA. 1975;233:320. Letter. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. O'REGAN . Adverse interaction of lithium carbonate and methyldopa. Can Med Assoc J 1976;115:385-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. HANSTEN P. Drug Interactions. 4th ed. Philadelphia; Lea and Febiger; 1979:122-3. Google Scholar4. NICKERSON M and RUEDY J. Antihypertensive agents and the drug therapy of hypertension. In: GOODMAN LS, GILMAN A, eds. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 5th ed. New York: Macmillan; 1975:707. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ENAYAT OSANLOO, M.D.; JUDITH HOPFER DEGLIN, PHARM. D.Affiliations: West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26506 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byClinically Significant Interactions with Mood StabilisersDrug Interactions with Agents Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular DiseaseDrug Interactions with Agents Used in the Treatment of CNS DisordersThe use of lithium in the medically illDrug-Related Cognitive Impairment: Current Progress and Recurrent ProblemsPsychotropic Drug Interactions in the Patient with Late-Onset Depression or PsychosisThe histopathologic features of lithium-associated thyroiditisA Pharmacist's Guide to Monitoring Lithium Drug-Drug InteractionsPsychopharmacology for the elderly 1 March 1980Volume 92, Issue 3Page: 433-434KeywordsBehaviorBlood pressureDietDrug interactionsDrugsHypertensionSodiumToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
A multi-center phase I study of clofarabine, etoposide and cyclophosphamide in combination in pediatric patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia
Authors: N Hijiya, P Gaynon, E Barry, L Silverman, B Thomson, R Chu, T Cooper, R Kadota, M Rytting, P Steinherz, V Shen, S Jeha, R Abichandani, W L Carroll
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
The Urinary Tract: Roentgen Diagnosis
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This fine handbook is essentially a new edition of the 1944 volume by Kerr and Gillies. Thornbury and Culp adhere to the purpose and format of the original, from which they derive one third of their 557 illustrations. They occupy the reader solely with diagnosis. To demonstrate the scope and methods of investigation, they provide a complete inventory of "uroradiographic procedures," each with special reference to indications, planes, and dangers. There is no instruction in the performance of the procedures. The authors order the material anatomically rather than by categories of disease, exposing the reader to a prolonged view of each organ in all its pathologic variations. Sequential repetition doubtless facilitates learning. The introduction to each topic is followed by page alternation of text and x-ray film reproductions. The text page facing describes the x-ray findings and relates them to clinical data. The text does not overwhelm. It is thorough,
Neonatal Herpetic Infection
Authors: James H. Zavoral
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A fatal case of disseminated herpetic infection occurred in a newborn whose mother had primary genital type 2 herpes. The source of the infection was the father, a serviceman who returned from overseas with active penile herpes one week prior to his wife's delivery. Cesarean section, after rupture of membranes, failed to prevent the infant from acquiring the infection. Pregnant women, particularly in the last trimester, should avoid contact with males with known penile herpes.
Antimicrosomal antibodies: What are they telling us? Bourdi M, Larrey D, Nataf J, Bernuau J, Pessayre D, Iwasaki M, Guengerich FP, et al. Anti-liver endoplasmic reticulum autoantibodies are directed against human cytochrome P-450IA2: a specific marker for dihydralazine-induced hepatitis. J Clin Invest 1990;85:1967–1973
Authors: P Watkins
Journal: Hepatology (1991)
Cost effectiveness of treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in clinical practice
Authors: C M BATE
Journal: Gut (1998)

Editor,—I was interested to read the paper by Eggleston et al ( Gut 1998; 42 :13–16) purporting to show that a “step up” approach using prokinetics and H2 receptor antagonists in the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is more cost effective than omeprazole in a general practice setting. I do not think the conclusions drawn are supported by data presented.

The MediPlus database does not permit systematic evaluation of the severity of GORD symptoms and so there is no certainty that the three patient groups (who received omeprazole, ranitidine or cisapride) were comparable. Patients were excluded from the study …
Characterization of Allergens in a Crude Extract of <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> and Their Identification in a New Purified Preparation
Authors: S. Dale, E. Landmark
Journal: Allergy (1984)

The allergens of a crude D. farinae extract were identified by means of crossed radio‐immunoelectrophoresis (CRIE). A total of 11 allergens were identified. They were characterized as three major, three intermediate and five minor allergens, based on radiostaining in CRIE. In addition to the radiostaining due to allergens, some misleading radiostaining was observed associated with some of the other antigens. A purified commercially available preparation, Spectralgen® Mite D. farinae , was compared with the crude extract by means of immunoelectrophoretic techniques and radioallergosorbent test (RAST) based techniques. The purified preparation was found to be fully representative of the allergens in the crude extract. All 11 allergens were identified in the purified preparation. The purification ratio of the allergens varied from 2 to 7, while the total specific allergenic activity was approximately 6 times higher in the purified preparation than in the crude extract, as judged from RAST‐inhibition studies.
Hepatocellular telomere shortening correlates with chromosomal instability and the development of human hepatoma
Authors: Ruben R. Plentz, Martin Caselitz, Joerg S. Bleck, Michael Gebel, Peer Flemming, Stefan Kubicka, Michael P. Manns, Lenhard K. Rudolph
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The telomere hypothesis of cancer initiation indicates that telomere shortening initiates cancer by induction of chromosomal instability. To test whether this hypothesis applies to human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed the telomere length of hepatocytes in cytological smears of fine-needle biopsies of liver tumors from patients with cirrhosis (n = 39). The tumors consisted of 24 HCC and 15 regenerative nodules as diagnosed by combined histological and cytological diagnostics. In addition, we analyzed the telomere length of hepatocytes in HCC and surrounding noncancerous liver tissue within individual patients in another cohort of 10 patients with cirrhosis. Telomere length analysis of hepatocytes was correlated with tumor pathology and ploidy grade of the tumors, which was analyzed by cytophotometry. Telomeres were significantly shortened in hepatocytes of HCC compared to hepatocytes in regenerative nodules or surrounding noncancerous liver tissue. Hepatocyte telomere shortening in HCC was independent of the patient's age. There was no overlap in mean telomere lengths of individual samples when comparing HCC with regenerative nodules or noncancerous surrounding liver. Within the HCC group, telomeres were significantly shorter in hepatocytes of aneuploid tumors compared to diploid tumors. In conclusion, our data suggest that the telomere hypothesis of cancer initiation applies to human HCC and that cell type-specific telomere length analysis might indicate the risk of HCC development.
Milkman's Syndrome Secondary to Phosphate Diabetes
Authors: Robert A. Houston, Walter A. Brussock, Harold S. Callen
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Milkman, in 1930 reported on his case with symmetrical pseudofractures involving hones otherwise normal radiographically. He claimed that his patient had a new disease or syndrome of undetermined etiology. A case report is presented of a man who in 1945 was found to have symmetrical pseudofractures. Hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase have been consistent findings. His condition progressively deteriorated until phosphate supplement was added to the conventional therapy when improvement resulted. Review of the literature suggests that Milkman's patient had phosphate diabetes and developed pseudofractures before there was x-ray evidence of generalized osteomalacia. Probably many cases of Milkman's syndrome are due to phosphate diabetes and phosphate supplement may be of benefit in therapy.
Ten-Year Experience with an Exercise-Based Outpatient Life-Style Modification Program in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Stephen H Schneider, Avedis K Khachadurian, Louis F Amorosa, Lynn Clemow, Neil B Ruderman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Exercise is frequently recommended in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Nevertheless, its use has been limited in clinical practice, and concerns about safety and efficacy persist. We have reviewed a 10-yr experience with 255 patients enrolled in a comprehensive diabetes program that emphasized physical training. A low maximal oxygen uptake () was found in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus compared with sedentary control subjects. This was not accounted for by autonomic neuropathy and is unlikely to be due to subtle differences in life-style. Exercise-related proteinuria was common and occurred in 29% of patients and was associated with higher blood pressure levels at rest and during exercise, impaired , and decreased R-R interval variation. Regular exercise was associated with a modest decrease in resting and exercise blood pressure. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels and plasma triglycerides improved only in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Insulin requirements were significantly reduced in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Compliance for up to 3 mo in the program was acceptable but longer-term compliance was poor. Serious complications during the program were rare. Our experience suggests a program of regular aerobic training can be safely and effectively used in an outpatient population with diabetes mellitus for up to 3 mo.
748-2 Tomographic Myocardial Perfusion Studies in the Intensive Care Unit Using a Mobile Gamma Camera System
Authors: Susanne Dale, Dianna Bone, Lars-Åke Brodin, Håkan Elmqvist, Lennart Jorfeldt, Catharina Lindström, Tommy Ribbe, Russel Andersson, Yozo Urinda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Femoral Shaft Fracture With Sciatic Nerve Palsy
Authors: Charles S. Neer
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Foster: A 4-year-old boy was brought to the emergency ward of the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center about one-half hour after he had been run over by a garbage truck. He had multiple abrasions, including one on his forehead, but it could not be ascertained whether he had been unconscious. Both thighs were tender and swollen and exhibited obvious deformities at the proximal third. The results of general physical and neurological examinations were within normal limits, except for a complete left sciatic nerve palsy as evidenced by absent motor function below the knee, absent left ankle jerk, and absent sensation over the lateral aspect of the calf and foot. The left knee jerk was intact, as was sensation over the medial aspect of the calf and foot in the distribution of the saphenous nerve. At the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the left thigh posteriorly, there was a
A long noncoding RNA contributes to neuropathic pain by silencing Kcna2 in primary afferent neurons
Authors: Xiuli Zhao, Zongxiang Tang, Hongkang Zhang, Fidelis E Atianjoh, Jian-Yuan Zhao, Lingli Liang, Wei Wang, Xiaowei Guan, Sheng-Chin Kao, Vinod Tiwari, Yong-Jing Gao, Paul N Hoffman, Hengmi Cui, Min Li, Xinzhong Dong, Yuan-Xiang Tao
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2013)
STUDIES IN AGGLUTINATION
Authors: Gerald S. Shibley
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. The spontaneous agglutination of streptococci has been studied. 2. This spontaneous agglutination would seem to be caused by the presence of a bacterial cohesive force higher than that usually found when bacteria are suspended in salt solutions of the concentration commonly employed as electrolyte in specific agglutination reactions. 3. Many granular autoagglutinating strains of streptococcus may be made diffuse by growth at room temperature (17-23 degrees C.) and then lose their tendency to agglutinate spontaneously. 4. All factors that reduce cohesive force or that make the repelling force relatively greater than the cohesive force make for stable suspensions. 5. Methods for management of the specific agglutination of refractory autoagglutinating strains of streptococci have been presented.