tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Elevated expression of type VII collagen in the skin of patients with systemic sclerosis. Regulation by transforming growth factor-beta.
Authors: L Rudnicka, J Varga, A M Christiano, R V Iozzo, S A Jimenez, J Uitto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

A hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the development of tissue fibrosis. Excessive production of several connective tissue components normally present in the dermis, including type I, III, V, and VI collagens as well as fibronectin and proteoglycans, is a consistent finding in the skin of SSc patients. Type VII collagen is a major constituent of anchoring fibrils, present in the skin at the dermal-epidermal basement membrane zone. TGF-beta has been shown to upregulate the expression of the type VII collagen gene. In this study, we assessed the expression of type VII collagen and TGF-beta in the skin of patients with SSc. Indirect immunofluorescence showed an abundance of type VII collagen in the patients' skin, including the dermis. Ultrastructural analysis of SSc skin revealed an abundance of fibrillar material, possibly representing type VII collagen. The increased expression of type VII collagen epitopes was accompanied by the elevated expression of immunodetectable TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2. Dermal fibroblasts cultured from the affected individuals showed a statistically significant (P < 0.02) increase in the expression of type VII collagen at the mRNA level, as detected by reverse transcription-PCR with a mutated cDNA as an internal standard, and increased deposition of the protein as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. Thus, type VII collagen is abundantly present in SSc patients' dermis, a location not characteristic of its normal distribution, and its aberrant expression may relate to the presence of TGF-beta in the same topographic distribution. The presence of type VII collagen in the dermis may contribute to the tightly bound and indurated appearance of the affected skin in SSc patients.
Head-Injured Child With Multiple Fractures
Authors: John C. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Dr. Wilson: A 7-year-old girl was admitted to Children's Hospital of Los Angeles 23 days after having been struck down in the street by an automobile. Her injuries were a cerebral contusion, closed comminuted fracture of mid-shaft left femur, open fractures of the distal left radius and ulna, a posterosuperior dislocation of the right hip which was not immediately appreciated, intestinal contusions with gross melena, and contusions of both kidneys with hematuria. She had been admitted to a local hospital in coma where resuscitative measures were instituted immediately including tracheostomy, replacement of blood loss by transfusion, and splinting of fractures. Soon after admission, cranial bur holes were made bilaterally, but the patient's comatose state failed to improve significantly.  Upon admission to Children's Hospital, the child was found to be semicomatose. Blood pressure was 150/60 mm Hg, pulse rate was 150 beats per minute, respirations were 25 per minute, and temperature
USEFULNESS OF THE NOVEL ULTRASONOGRAPHY &amp;ldquo;VASCULAR ELASTOGRAPHY&amp;rdquo; FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Hideyuki Takimura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Ito Yoshiaki, Tsuyoshi Sakai, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Masahiro Yamawaki, Tamon Kato, Yasunari Sakamoto, Ikki Komatsu, takuro takama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Two-Part Consent Form
Authors: Robert Miller, Henry S. Willner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Current procedures for soliciting consent usually do not include any attempt to determine whether prospective experimental subjects have an understanding that is adequate for informed consent. We propose that potential subjects be given a questionnaire to check how well they understand the information that has been presented to them and that this questionnaire be an additional part of the consent process.The informed consent of subjects has become increasingly recognized as a requirement for the ethical implementation of experimentation with human beings. Informed consent can serve several functions: it permits the potential subject to exercise his right of self-determination; it . . .
Epidemiology of suicide pacts in England and Wales, 1988-92
Authors: M. Brown, B. Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To describe the epidemiology of suicide pacts in England and Wales <b>Design:</b> Analysis of the death certificates and coroners9 records of all people who died in pacts between 1 January 1988 and 31 December 1992. <b>Subjects:</b> 124 people who committed suicide in 62 pacts. <b>Results:</b> Suicide in a pact accounted for 0.6% of all suicides (124/19 721), a rate of 0.6 per million people aged 15 and over. Forty eight pacts were between married couples and five were between family members. The mean age was 56 years. 99 of the 124 subjects were of occupational social classes I-III. Poisoning by car exhaust fumes and drugs accounted for 116 deaths, with both members of each pair using the same method. <b>Conclusions:</b> Suicide pacts are rare and less common than they were 35 years ago, although the epidemiological profile is similar. People who commit suicide in a pact are more likely than those who commit suicide alone to be female, older, married, and of a high social class. <h3>Key messages</h3> Death in a suicide pact is a rare event but often attracts extensive media attention Suicide pacts have not been studied systematically in the United kingdom for over 35 years The rate of suicide pacts in England and Wales from 1988-92 was about one each month The rate has declined over the past 35 years, despite increasing interest in euthanasia People who die in a suicide pact are more likely than people who commit suicide alone to be older, married, female, and of high social class
Experts Argue Not All Diuretics the Same
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Major changes to care system need to be properly funded to succeed, warn charities
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Major changes to England’s social care system came into force on 1 April, with new national eligibility criteria for support promising to end the postcode lottery of who gets help for everyday tasks or financial support for a care home.

However, charities have warned that the changes will have been “built on sand” if they are not backed by adequate funding.

The Care Act 2014 replaces some laws that have existed for more than 60 years and that the government has described as “confusing and complex.”

The introduction of a national minimum threshold in terms of need for care to get support from social services is a key plank of the act. …
Opportunistic Infections and Kaposi's Sarcoma Among Haitians: Evidence of a New Acquired Immunodeficiency State
Authors: ARTHUR E. PITCHENIK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Twenty Haitian patients, hospitalized from 1 April 1980 to 20 June 1982, had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, central nervous system toxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, cryptococcosis, disseminated cytomegalovirus, progressive herpes simplex virus, chronic enteric coccidiosis, or invasive Kaposi's sarcoma. Ten patients died. Opportunistic infections were frequently multiple and were recurrent in three patients. In seven patients disseminated tuberculosis preceded the other infections by 2 to 15 months. There was no evidence of an underlying immunosuppressive disease, and no history of homosexuality or intravenous drug abuse. At least three patients probably acquired the syndrome in Haiti. Lymphadenopathy was common. Seventeen patients tested had anergy, and 18 had lymphopenia. Monoclonal antibody analysis of peripheral-blood T-cell subsets done on 11 patients showed a marked decrease in T-helper cells and an inversion of the normal ratio of T-helper cells to T-suppressor cells. This syndrome among heterosexual Haitians is strikingly similar to the syndrome of immunodeficiency described recently among American homosexuals.
Ischaemic preconditioning is not dependent on neutrophils or glycolytic substrate at reperfusion in rabbit heart
Authors: G. S. Liu, A. W H Stanley, J. M Downey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

The aim was to determine whether reperfusion with either neutrophil free reperfusate or perfusate containing only pyruvate as the metabolic substrate would alter the protection against infarction afforded by preconditioning.Rabbit hearts (n = 4-14 per group) underwent 30 minutes of regional ischaemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion. Blood reperfused groups experienced both ischaemia and reperfusion in situ while Krebs reperfused groups experienced regional ischaemia in situ but were reperfused with Krebs buffer in vitro. In another group, glucose in Krebs buffer was replaced by pyruvate.Preconditioning with 5 minutes regional ischaemia caused smaller infarct size in the blood reperfused hearts: 43.0(SEM 5.4)% v 8.8(4.2)%. In Krebs reperfused hearts, preconditioning caused a similar reduction of infarct size [49.9(2.5)% v 22.9(4.3)%] which was not different from that seen in the blood reperfused hearts. Replacing the glucose in the Krebs buffer by pyruvate also had no effect on infarct size in either the control or the preconditioned hearts [40.9(6.1)% v 11.8(5.2)%]. Histology of the ischaemic zones revealed 59.6(15.0) neutrophils per 10 high power fields in hearts reperfused in situ but only 2.6(0.6) in Krebs reperfused hearts, equal to the numbers in nonischemic blood perfused myocardium [2.8(0.9)].The mechanism of preconditioning is not due to attenuation of neutrophil function during reperfusion. Furthermore, substituting pyruvate for glucose in the reperfusate did not prevent the protection against infarction afforded by ischaemic preconditioning.
Regional and total skeletal measurements in the early postmenopause.
Authors: J C Stevenson, L M Banks, T J Spinks, C Freemantle, I MacIntyre, R Hesp, G Lane, J A Endacott, M Padwick, M I Whitehead
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

In a cross-sectional study of 70 early postmenopausal women, regional bone measurements were compared with total body calcium (TBCa). Spinal and forearm trabecular bone were mainly related to age and time since menopause. In contrast, TBCa and forearm integral (cortical and trabecular) and cortical bone were unrelated to age, although the time since menopause also had some influence. Forearm integral and cortical bone measurements were quite well correlated with TBCa (r = 0.84 and 0.73, respectively, P less than 0.001). The correlation between spinal bone measurements and any of the forearm measurements, even purely trabecular bone, was weak (r less than 0.52, P less than 0.001). Our results show quite clearly that forearm bone measurements cannot be used to predict bone density in the vertebrae. Loss of ovarian function affects bone in general, and trabecular bone in particular. Bone measurements at specific anatomical sites are clearly necessary for studies of metabolic bone diseases and their response to treatment.
P3-070: Concordance of the determination of EGFR and K-ras mutations in a tumor bank obtained by 15 centers in france: a pilot study of the ERMETIC project.
Authors: Jacques Cadranel, Virginie Poulot, Estelle Rolland, M Mounawar, Martine Antoine, Elisabeth Brambilla, Claire Danel, Pierre Hainaut, Christos Chouaid, Stefen Michiels
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Confusion and Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis With Strangulated Hernia
Authors: Robert A. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an unusual condition in which gas-containing cysts are found in the intestinal wall. It frequently produces no manifestations, but can rarely cause benign pneumoperitoneum, creating diagnostic confusion with an intra-abdominal catastrophe. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An 89-year-old woman was seen following the onset of mild abdominal distress and significant abdominal distention. She had a long history of chronic congestive heart failure due to arteriosclerotic heart disease, and had cholecystectomy one year earlier for gangrenous cholecystitis. Her condition had been stable until the onset of these symptoms. Physical examination revealed an obese, elderly woman in no apparent distress. There were a few rales at the pulmonary bases posteriorly and the heart was massively enlarged with a systolic apical murmur. The abdomen was greatly distended and tympanitic, but the musculature was soft and normal bowel sounds were present. A tense, very tender, cystic mass protruded
IMPACT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR COMPLIANCE ON CLINICAL OUTCOME IN MITRAL STENOSIS
Authors: Maria Pereira Nunes, Judy Hung, Marcia M. Barbosa, William A. Esteves, Vinicius T. Carvalho, Lucas Lodi-Junqueira, Cirilo Neto, Robert Levine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Perioperative Complications After Live-Donor Hepatectomy
Authors: Erin C. Hall, Brian J. Boyarsky, Neha A. Deshpande, Jacqueline M. Garonzik-Wang, Jonathan C. Berger, Nabil N. Dagher, Dorry L. Segev
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Current studies of complications following donor hepatectomy may not be generalizable to all hospitals performing this procedure. To address this, live liver donors were identified in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2000-2008). Complications after donor hepatectomy were categorized using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes and risk factors for complications were tested using logistic regression. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the increase in length of stay and hospital charge associated with complications. Among 555 donors (representing 2783 donors nationwide), 23% had 1 or more complications and 5% had a major complication. The most common complications were ileus (27%) and atelectasis (26%). No patient or hospital factors were associated with complications. Having any complication was associated with increased length of stay (incidence rate ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.16-1.58; P < .001) and hospital charge (incidence rate ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.44; P = .002). Approximately 25% of liver donors have complications immediately postoperatively but most are minor, lending support to current practices in live liver donation and donor selection.
Cardiotrophin-1 Is a Key Regulator of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: María J. Moreno-Aliaga, Nerea Pérez-Echarri, Beatriz Marcos-Gómez, Eduardo Larequi, Francisco Javier Gil-Bea, Benoit Viollet, Ignacio Gimenez, J. Alfredo Martínez, Jesús Prieto, Matilde Bustos
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
The Future of Bioethics
Authors: Deborah Bowman
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pericytes modulate endothelial sprouting
Authors: William G. Chang, Jillian W. Andrejecsk, Martin S. Kluger, W. Mark Saltzman, Jordan S. Pober
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

Angiogenic sprouts arise from microvessels formed by endothelial cells (ECs) invested by pericytes (PCs). The aim of this study was to examine the role of PCs in angiogenic sprouting, an understudied phenomenon. We adapted a human EC spheroid model to examine PC effects on vascular endothelial growth factor-A-induced EC sprouting in vitro by using Bcl-2-transduced human umbilical vein ECs to reduce apoptosis in collagen gels. Human placental PCs, separated from endothelial spheroids by a transwell, or addition of PC-conditioned media increased EC sprouting primarily through hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Mixed endothelial–PC spheroids formed similar numbers of endothelial sprouts as endothelial spheroids but the sprouts from mixed spheroids were invested by PCs within 24 h. PCs were recruited to the sprouts by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB; inhibition of PDGF signalling reduced PC coverage and increased EC sprouting. Transplanted endothelial spheroids give rise to sprouts in vivo that evolve into perfused microvessels. Mixed endothelial–PC spheroids form similar numbers of microvessels as endothelial-only spheroids, but acquire human PC investment and have reduced average lumen diameter. PCs promote endothelial sprouting by elaborating HGF, but when recruited to invest endothelial sprouts by PDGF-BB, limit the extent of sprouting in vitro and lumen diameter in vivo.
A recurrent inactivating mutation in RHOA GTPase in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma
Authors: Hae Yong Yoo, Min Kyung Sung, Seung Ho Lee, Sangok Kim, Haeseung Lee, Seongjin Park, Sang Cheol Kim, Byungwook Lee, Kyoohyoung Rho, Jong-Eun Lee, Kwang-Hwi Cho, Wankyu Kim, Hyunjung Ju, Jaesang Kim, Seok Jin Kim, Won Seog Kim, Sanghyuk Lee, Young Hyeh Ko
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Cyclosporine withdrawal for nephrotoxicity in liver transplant recipients does not result in sustained improvement in kidney function and causes cellular and ductopenic rejection
Authors: William J. Sandborn, Eileen J. Hay, Michael K. Porayko, Gregory J. Gores, Jeffery L. Steers, Ruud A. F. Krom, Russell H. Wiesner
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Twelve consecutive liver transplant recipients with stable allograft function and cyclosporine nephrotoxicity were subjected to cyclosporine withdrawal in an attempt to halt and possibly reverse renal damage. Only patients who met the following criteria were included: (a) triple immunosuppression with cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone; (b) stable graft function for at least 1 yr without rejection; and (c) serum creatinine greater than 2.1 mg/dl or renal clearance less than 35 ml/min. Cyclosporine was reduced by 50 mg every 3 wk until discontinuation, prednisone was temporarily increased from 10 to 20 mg/day and azathioprine was maintained at 2 mg/kg/day. Sustained improvement in kidney function in the 12 patients was minimal, with the mean serum creatinine level decreasing from 2.5 ± 0.5 mg/dl (mean ± S.D.) at study entry to 2.4 ± 1.2 mg/dl after a mean follow-up of 18 ± 6 mo. In six patients, histologically confirmed cellular rejection developed after a mean of 5 ± 6 mo from the time that cyclosporine withdrawal was begun. Two of six patients with rejection responded to bolus steroid therapy and are in stable condition at this writing with low-dose cyclosporine (2.8 and 3.2 mg/kg/day). Two patients initially responded to bolus steroids but later exhibited ductopenic rejection; one responded to treatment with FK 506 and the other died of sepsis. The two remaining patients were steroid unresponsive. One responded to treatment with OKT3 and is now stable on low-dose cyclosporine (2.3 mg/kg/day), but in the other ductopenic rejection developed and the patient died of sepsis during rescue therapy with FK 506. By comparison, in none of 12 matched control patients did rejection develop during a similar follow-up period. We conclude that cyclosporine withdrawal for nephrotoxicity in liver transplant recipients does not result in sustained improvement in kidney function and causes a high incidence of cellular rejection, which can progress to ductopenic rejection or death from infection. (Hepatology 1994;19:925-932.)
US firm accused of manipulating journal articles and paying millions to authors
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The US medical device company Medtronic was “heavily involved in drafting, editing, and shaping the content of medical journal articles authored by its physician consultants,” who were paid hundreds of millions of dollars by the company through royalties and consulting fees, a US Senate Finance Committee staff investigation has found.1

The committee investigated 13 journal articles related to Medtronic’s product Infuse, a bone growth stimulating protein approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2002 for use in spinal fusion surgery.2 The protein is used in conjunction with a Medtronic spinal fusion device for treatment of …
Prospective registration of health care research would help
Authors: I. Chalmers, M. Gray, T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Stephen Lock urges Britain to abandon its lax approach to scientific fraud and to establish national mechanisms to reassure the public that the activities of the research community can, when necessary, be audited.1 We agree and suggest that a national health register is a fundamental pre-requisite for addressing this problem.

Internationally, there has been increasing acknowledgment that controlled trials should be registered at their inception to facilitate participation in them; to prevent unknowing duplication; and to make it easier to identify …