tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5129: AGR2 is a potential marker for metastatic human oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Yi-Ting Chen, Chung-Liang Ho, Po-Ku Chen, Yuh-Ling Chen, Chung-Fa Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: The mortality of oral cancer, which is a common subtype of human and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), is increasing in Taiwan, Southeast Asia, and eastern countries during the last twenty years. Averagely, the 5-year survival rate of distant metastasis of oral carcinoma is less than 30-40%. Prevention of cancer metastasis to distant organs is one of practical approaches that may reduce the mortality of patients. This study aims to identify novel metastatic tumor markers for oral cancer. Experimental Design and Results: A high metastatic sub-population, HSC-3-5 cells, was divided from human oral cancer HSC-3 by Transwell invasion assay. Our results indicated that HSC-3-5 cells exhibited higher metastatic capacities due to re-arrangement cytoskeleton and subsequently epithelial mesenchymal transition transformation in vitro. In addition, metastatic and tumorigenetic capacities of HSC-3-5 cells were characterized by spontaneous and experimental metastasis experiments in vivo. The microarray-based gene expression profiles of HSC-3/HSC-3-5 cells and their corresponded xenografts (orthotropic and heterotopic) were then performed. Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), a pro-oncogenic signaling intermediate in various human cancers, was the most significantly up-regulated gene in HSC-3-5 cells compared with HSC-3. Furthermore, overexpression of AGR2 protein was verified in cells, xenograft animal models, and clinical patient tissues, and it encompassed positive relation with OSCC metastasis. Conclusions: A high metastatic sub-population HSC-3-5 cell line derived from human oral cancer HSC-3 cells was divided. HSC-3-5 cells represented higher capacities not only in metastasis but also in tumorigenesis. According to microarray gene profiles and immunohistochemistry analysis, the expression of identified potential biomarker, AGR2, showed positive relationship with tumor metastasis during oral carcinogenesis. Citation Format: Yi-Ting Chen, Chung-Liang Ho, Po-Ku Chen, Yuh-Ling Chen, Chung-Fa Chang. AGR2 is a potential marker for metastatic human oral squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5129. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5129
Effect of assist negative pressure ventilation by microprocessor based iron lung on breathing effort
Authors: M Gorini
Journal: Thorax (2002)

The lack of patient triggering capability during negative pressure ventilation (NPV) may contribute to poor patient synchrony and induction of upper airway collapse. This study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of a microprocessor based iron lung capable of thermistor triggering.The effects of NPV with thermistor triggering were studied in four normal subjects and six patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by measuring: (1) the time delay (TDtr) between the onset of inspiratory airflow and the start of assisted breathing; (2) the pressure-time product of the diaphragm (PTPdi); and (3) non-triggering inspiratory efforts (NonTrEf). In patients the effects of negative extrathoracic end expiratory pressure (NEEP) added to NPV were also evaluated.With increasing trigger sensitivity the mean (SE) TDtr ranged from 0.29 (0.02) s to 0.21 (0.01) s (mean difference 0.08 s, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.12) in normal subjects and from 0.30 (0.02) s to 0.21 (0.01) s (mean difference 0.09 s, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.12) in patients with COPD; NonTrEf ranged from 8.2 (1.8)% to 1.2 (0.1)% of the total breaths in normal subjects and from 11.8 (2.2)% to 2.5 (0.4)% in patients with COPD. Compared with spontaneous breathing, PTPdi decreased significantly with NPV both in normal subjects and in patients with COPD. NEEP added to NPV resulted in a significant decrease in dynamic intrinsic PEEP, diaphragm effort exerted in the pre-trigger phase, and NonTrEf.Microprocessor based iron lung capable of thermistor triggering was able to perform assist NPV with acceptable TDtr, significant unloading of the diaphragm, and a low rate of NonTrEf. NEEP added to NPV improved the synchrony between the patient and the ventilator.
Protein C deficiency and anticardiolipin antibodies in a family with premature stroke
Authors: William D. Haire, James R. Newland
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract Anticardiolipin antibodies and, rarely, protein C deficiency have been described in patients with stroke. The familial coexistence of these two prothrombotic defects has not been previously reported. We describe a family with debilitating strokes occurring at an early age in whom both anticardiolipin antibodies and protein C deficiency were found. The propositus and her deceased mother both suffered a stroke at age 50 years. The propositus had both anticardiolipin antibodies and protein C deficiency. After a detailed study of the remainder of the family, the tendency to form anticardiolipin antibodies appeared to be inherited independently of the protein C deficiency. The simultaneous occurrence of these abnormalities in one family suggests that it may be useful to test for both anticardiolipin antibodies and inherited anticoagulant protein deficiencies in patients with unusual or unexplained stroke. The differential expression of both protein C deficiency and anticardiolipin antibody production in various members of the described family may allow insight into the relative contributions of these two prothrombotic abnormalities for the development of thrombotic complications, including stroke.
Limb Vasoconstriction After Successful Angioplasty of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
Authors: Ciro Indolfi, Federico Piscione, Roberto Ceravolo, AntonGiulio Maione, Amelia Focaccio, Maria Assunta Rao, Giovanni Esposito, Mario Condorelli, Massimo Chiariello
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Coronary vasoconstriction has been described after uncomplicated percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). However, it is still unknown whether this phenomenon is limited to coronary circulation. The present study was planned to assess the effects of a successful PTCA on forearm blood flow (FBF) and resistance. The role of α-adrenoceptors and calcium antagonist agents on PTCA-induced limb blood flow changes was also investigated. Methods and Results We prospectively studied 37 patients scheduled for elective single PTCA of the left anterior descending coronary artery. All patients had evidence of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia. All vasoactive drugs were withdrawn for at least 48 hours before the study. FBF was measured by calibrated venous occlusion plethysmography. A significant reduction of FBF was observed at 1, 5, and 15 minutes after PTCA (from 3.7±1.2 to 2.7±1.5, 3.0±1.6, and 2.9±1.9 mL/100 mL tissue per minute, respectively; all P &lt;.05 versus baseline). Vascular forearm resistance also increased at 1, 5, and 15 minutes after PTCA (from 27±8 to 42±16, 37±10, and 43±19 U, respectively; all P &lt;.05 versus baseline). Phentolamine (12 μg · kg −1 · min −1 , n=7) or verapamil (3.5 μg · kg −1 · min −1 , n=7) also was infused intra-arterially. PTCA-induced forearm vasoconstriction was completely abolished by pretreatment with regional infusion of phentolamine or verapamil. Conclusions After an uncomplicated PTCA of the left anterior descending coronary artery, a reduction in FBF and an increase in forearm vascular resistance were observed. This peripheral vasoconstrictive response was probably due to α-adrenergic stimulation and was abolished by intra-arterial infusion of calcium antagonist agents.
Fat cell metabolism in different regions in women. Effect of menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation.
Authors: M Rebuffé-Scrive, L Enk, N Crona, P Lönnroth, L Abrahamsson, U Smith, P Björntorp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Adipose tissue lipolysis and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were studied in biopsies from the femoral and abdominal depots in healthy women during early or late menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and the lactation period. When the differences in cell size were taken into account, basal lipolysis was similar in both regions in nonpregnant women. During lactation, however, lipolysis was significantly higher in the femoral region. The lipolytic effect of noradrenaline (10(-6) M) was significantly less in the femoral region in the nonpregnant women and during early pregnancy. However, the lipolytic response was the same in both regions in lactating women. LPL activity was higher in the femoral than in the abdominal region except during lactation when a marked decrease in the LPL activity was seen in the femoral region. The LPL activity in the abdominal region remained unchanged in all patient groups. The results imply that in both nonpregnant and pregnant women lipid assimilation is favored in the femoral depot. During lactation, however, the metabolic pattern changes; the LPL activity decreases and lipid mobilization increases in this depot. These changes are much less pronounced in the abdominal region. Thus, fat cells from different regions show a differential response during pregnancy and lactation. These results suggest that the adipose tissue in different regions may have specialized functions.
An investigation into the management of bilateral leg amputees.
Authors: C M Van De Ven
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Patients with bilateral high level amputations of the legs are rarely func ionally independent after their discharge from hospital.Eighty bilateral amputees were visited by a research physiotherapist, and information was obtained on their family circumstances, accommodation, mobility, and prostheses.A second questionnaire was completed by hospital staff on medical condition, assessments, rehabilitation, and total overall management.The results showed that mobility was severely restric- ted; out of the 80 patients visited, only 65 could manoeuvre wheelchairs and 23 use prostheses.Accommodation presented difficulties: 34 homes had steps inside and 40 had steps outside.Of the 80 patients seen, 60 could not cope in the bath while 33 were unable to use the lavatory.Assessments and rehabilitation were lacking.There appeared to be little overall management, and hospital staff made only 36 visits to the patient's accommodation before discharge.
Myoglobinemia after a Single Dose of Succinylcholine
Authors: John F. Ryan, Lawrence J. Kagen, Allen I. Hyman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract The frequency of myoglobinemia after a single intravenous dose of succinylcholine was determined in 40 children and 30 adults. Myoglobin was measured in serial serum samples by a specific immune precipitin technic sensitive to 5 μg per milliliter. Myoglobinemia developed in one adult and 16 children after the intravenous administration of succinylcholine but not, in 12 children, after intramuscular injection. These findings point to a difference in muscle responsiveness in children to this depolarizing muscle relaxant. This response diminishes with the onset of puberty. The development of myoglobinemia after the administration of succinylcholine, although it did not appear to affect recovery from surgery, accentuates the need for another type of short-acting muscle relaxant for use in children.
Irbesartan in Patients with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Barry M. Massie, Peter E. Carson, John J. McMurray, Michel Komajda, Robert McKelvie, Michael R. Zile, Susan Anderson, Mark Donovan, Erik Iverson, Christoph Staiger, Agata Ptaszynska
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Approximately 50% of patients with heart failure have a left ventricular ejection fraction of at least 45%, but no therapies have been shown to improve the outcome of these patients. Therefore, we studied the effects of irbesartan in patients with this syndrome.
A somatic component to myocardial infarction
Authors: D. R Forsyth
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The question of measuring blood cholesterol values for assessing risk in individuals will continue to be debated.What is certain is that blood cholesterol concentrations in British men are high and constitute a considerable risk for ischaemic heart disease.The high risk approach in the United States and Great Britain would appear to have severe limitations.Given the present distribution of blood cholesterol concentrations in British men, nothing short of a population approach is likely to be effective, and even that would have to be applied from childhood if it is to have much effect.
Timolol Treatment After Myocardial Infarction in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Torstein Gundersen, John Kjekshus
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

In diabetic patients long-term treatment with timolol after myocardial infarction was related to a reduction in overall mortality, total cardiac death, sudden death, and nonfatal reinfarction, compared with patients in a placebo group. The analyses were based on 99 diabetic patients in the Norwegian timolol multicenter study. The dosage of timolol was 10 mg twice daily and the follow-up period was 12–33 mo (mean: 17 mo). When analyzing all randomized patients, there were 14 deaths in the placebo group and 6 deaths in the timolol group, a reduction of 62.8% (P &amp;lt; 0.05). The number of nonfatal reinfarctions was 10 in the placebo group and 2 in the timolol group, a reduction of 82.7% (P &amp;lt; 0.05). With regard to inclusion rate, side effects, withdrawals, and timolol-related reduction in mortality and reinfarction, the diabetic patients basically behaved like nondiabetic patients. The data were analyzed retrospectively and should be confirmed by a prospective study. The study also indicates that long-term treatment with timolol may induce slight carbohydrate intolerance.
Safety of One Method of Sputum Induction in Asthmatic Subjects
Authors: HOFER H. WONG, JOHN V. FAHY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To assess the safety of sputum induction in asthmatic subjects, we conducted a retrospective review of data from 351 sputum inductions in 78 subjects from our institution. The sputum induction protcol consisted of baseline FEV1, pretreatment with albuterol 180 micrograms, postbronchodilator spirometry 15 min later, the induction procedure itself (inhalation of 3% saline for 20 min), and postsputum induction spirometry. We found that sputum induction was usually well tolerated, although some subjects developed wheeze and dyspnea. Overall, 11 of the 78 subjects (14%) had a fall in FEV1 of > or = 20% from the postbronchodilator baseline ("excessive bronchoconstriction") during their first sputum induction (range: -20 to -69%); no subject developed refractory bronchoconstriction requiring hospitalization or emergency room treatment. Only one of the 54 subjects (1.9%) with a baseline prebronchodilator FEV1 > 80% had excessive bronchoconstriction, whereas 10 of the 24 subjects (42%) whose baseline FEV1 was < or = 80% predicted did so. The change in FEV1 during sputum induction was significantly correlated with the baseline prebronchodilator FEV1% predicted, the baseline postbronchodilator FEV1% predicted, the PC20 for methacholine, and the percentage of eosinophils in induced sputum. We conclude that 180 micrograms albuterol does not prevent excessive bronchoconstriction in all asthmatic subjects undergoing sputum induction, especially in asthmatic subjects with a low baseline FEV1. Pulmonary function should be monitored regularly during sputum induction in asthmatic subjects to monitor for excessive bronchoconstriction.
THE EFFECT OF MALNUTRITION ON THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
Authors: Patricia E. Taylor, Carlos Tejada, Margarita Sánchez
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

In the present experiments, Selye's granuloma pouch technique was applied to the study of the effect of host nutritional state on inflammation and the local tissue response. The normal response of well-nourished laboratory rats fed a diet containing 28% protein to the injection of 1% croton oil into a preformed subcutaneous air sac involved the accumulation of hemorrhagic exudate in the pouch lumen and the progressive thickening of the pouch wall, with the proliferation and maturation of fibroblasts and the eventual laying-down of collagen. In malnourished animals, fed a diet containing only 3-4% protein but adequate in all other nutrients, the above reactions were inhibited. This inhibitory effect was encountered after a relatively short period of deficiency and became more marked as the deficiency progressed. No consistent, clear-cut difference was seen in the leukocytic or neutrophilic response between the two dietary groups after the injection of 1% croton oil. A significantly higher proportion of accidental bacterial infections was found in the pouches of malnourished animals than in those of well-nourished animals. This was considered to be a possible consequence of the depressed inflammatory response in malnourished rats. The advantages of the granuloma pouch as an experimental procedure for the study of local reactions to different noxae, and the influence of malnutrition on these reactions have been discussed and suggestions for future studies presented.
Abstract 28: Chemoprevention strategies to target abnormal imprinting in high-risk African American women who do or do not carry a BRCA1 mutation
Authors: Victoria Seewaldt, David Skaar, Eric Dietze, Shraddha Desai, Randy Jirtle
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Genomic imprinting is an inherited form of parent-of-origin-specific epigenetic gene regulation that is dysregulated by poor prenatal nutrition and environmental toxins. KCNK9 encodes TASK3, a pH-regulated potassium channel membrane protein that is overexpressed in 40% of breast cancer. KCNK9 gene amplification accounts for increased expression in &amp;lt;10% of these breast cancers. Methods/Results: Here we show that KCNK9 has imprinted expression in breast tissue and provide the first identification of the KCNK9 DMR and DMR-associated open chromatin. Our studies show that loss of KCNK9 regulatory methylation and imprinted expression occurs in 75% of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and loss of methylation occurs in non-cancerous tissue from high-risk women. Functional studies show that TASK3 protein regulates mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis-sensitivity. In live TNBC cells and non-cancerous mammary epithelial cells from high-risk women, loss of KCNK9 DMR methylation predicts increased mitochondrial membrane potential (p=0.007). African American women have a significantly higher frequency of loss of KCNK9 imprinting than do risk-matched Caucasian women (p=0.005). African American women with BRCA1 mutation have the highest frequency of loss (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Clinical Prevention: This is the first identification of the KCNK9 DMR and demonstration that loss of methylation and overexpression of TASK3 increases mitochondrial membrane potential and promotes apoptosis resistance. Low-toxicity inhibitors of TASK3 are in clinical use and can be readily re-purposed to provide cost effective chemoprevention. These inhibitors include K+ inhibitors (developed for cardiac indications) and Schwann Pepper. Our studies identify TASK3 as a “drugable”, low-toxicity target that can be readily employed as a novel target for prevention and treatment of TNBC, particularly in high-risk African American women. Citation Format: Victoria Seewaldt, David Skaar, Eric Dietze, Shraddha Desai, Randy Jirtle. Chemoprevention strategies to target abnormal imprinting in high-risk African American women who do or do not carry a BRCA1 mutation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Cancer Susceptibility and Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes; Jan 29-Feb 1, 2014; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(23 Suppl):Abstract nr 28. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CANSUSC14-28
Case 40-1985
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Edwin N. Forman, Ben R. Bronstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Presentation of CaseA five-week-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of fever and petechiae.She was born of a full-term first pregnancy and normal delivery to a white mother of blood group A positive. The mother did not smoke or use alcohol or medications other than multivitamins during the pregnancy and experienced no complications. The fetal membranes ruptured one hour before initial uterine contractions, and labor lasted seven hours. The birth weight was 3.5 kg, and the Apgar score was 9/9. Macular, erythematous patches were observed on the right thigh and head at birth. The child was discharged . . .
414 PEG-INTERFERON PLUS RIBAVIRIN TREATMENT DOES NOT IMPROVE RECURRENCE AFTER RESECTION OR ABLATION OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN HCV CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: M.T. Tartaglione, F. Lampasi, G.G. Di Costanzo, R. Tortora, A. Galeota Lanza, M. De Luca
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
The Use of Benadryl in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Joseph Budnitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

PARALYSIS agitans, or Parkinson's disease, is a chronic progressive disease of the corpus striatum and extrapyramidal motor system for which there is no known cure. Treatment has always been symptomatic, and useful drugs have been limited almost entirely to those in the atropine series. These have consisted of hyoscine, hyoscyamine, belladonna and stramonium, either individually or in various combinations. Amphetamine (benzedrine) sulfate has occasionally been beneficial in relieving some of the symptoms, but its mechanism of action has never been clearly explained.The use of benadryl in paralysis agitans was first tried on a patient in September, 1946, on a . . .