tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The fish odour syndrome: biochemical, familial, and clinical aspects.
Authors: R Ayesh, S C Mitchell, A Zhang, R L Smith
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVES--To study the biochemical, familial, and clinical features of the fish odour syndrome among subjects with suspected body malodour. DESIGN--Subjects who responded to a newspaper article were screened for the fish odour syndrome by interview and biochemical tests. Families of subjects with the syndrome were tested if possible. SETTING--St Mary9s Hospital, London, and some interviews at subjects9 homes. SUBJECTS--187 subjects (28 males) with suspected body malodour, of whom 156 (19 males) underwent biochemical tests. Five families of six of the subjects with the fish odour syndrome agreed to further tests. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Amounts of trimethylamine and trimethylamine N-oxide in urine collected over 24 hours under normal dietary conditions and for eight hours after oral challenge with 600 mg trimethylamine. RESULTS--The fish odour syndrome was diagnosed in 11 subjects: the percentage of total trimethylamine excreted in their urine samples that was oxidised to trimethylamine N-oxide was &lt; 55% under normal dietary conditions and &lt; 25% after oral challenge with trimethylamine (in normal subjects &gt; 80% of trimethylamine was N-oxidised). Parents of six of the subjects with the syndrome were tested: all showed impaired N-oxidation of excreted trimethylamine (&lt; 80%) after oral challenge, indicating that they were heterozygous carriers of the allele for the syndrome. The syndrome was associated with various psychosocial reactions including clinical depression. CONCLUSIONS--The fish odour syndrome can be inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. It should be considered as a possible causative factor in patients complaining of body malodour.
CD3+, CD4−, CD8− large granular T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder
Authors: Tsieh Sun, Neil S. Cohen, John Marino, Prasad Koduru, Joanne Cuomo, Joan Henshall
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Large granular T‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LGTLD) is a heterogeneous disorder covering a broad spectrum of diseases and requiring further subdivision. Most reported cases emphasized its suppressor phenotype (Tγ cell or CD8+), but we encountered two cases of CD3+, CD4−, CD8− LGTLD. Both cases had a benign clinical course and required no chemotherapy despite persistent lymphocytosis. This unique phenotype has been reported in a few cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia expressing the T‐cell receptor (TcR) gamma chain gene and is considered the counterpart of thymocytes at the intermediate stage between early precursors and mature thymocytes. Our case 1 provides further evidence that the CD3+, CD4−, CD8− phenotype, indeed, expresses the TcR gamma chain gene. However, the negative reaction to terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in our case 1 indicates that this phenotype represents proliferation of peripheral T‐cells, in which about 2% bear the CD3+, CD4−, CD8− phenotype in the normal population. The selective use of CD3, CD4, CDS, HNK‐1 monoclonal antibodies and of cytochemical stains (acid phosphatase and alpha‐naphthyl butyrate esterase) for characterization of this disorder is discussed.
Abstract 4984: Androgen response element of the glycine N-methyltransferase gene is located in first intron
Authors: Cheng-Ming Lee, Chia-Hung Yen, Yi-Ming A. Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BACKGROUND. The prostrate cancer (PCa) susceptibility gene glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) is associated with the metastasis potential of PCa cells. Androgens, which participate in transcriptional regulation via an androgen receptor (AR), play an important role in PCa development. Our two goals were to determine whether GNMT is regulated by androgen, and to map androgen response elements (AREs). METHODS. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate GNMT mRNA expression levels after LNCaP and DU145 cells were treated with R1881 (a synthetic AR agonist). Putative AREs were identified and tested using the MatInspector program and a luciferase reporter assay respectively. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to verify the binding properties of the GNMT-ARE motif. RESULTS. Results from real-time PCR analyses indicate that R1881 is capable of inducing significant GNMT mRNA levels in AR-positive LNCaP cells, but not in AR-negative DU145 cells. According to in-silico screening prediction data, putative ARE1, ARE2 and ARE3 are located within GNMT intron 1, and ARE4 is located within intron 2. According to results from a luciferase reporter assay, only ARE3 mediated the transcriptional activation effects of R1881. Results from an electrophoretic mobility shift assay show that AR binds to ARE3 in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay results indicate AR interaction with the ARE3-containing region in vivo. CONCLUSION. Our data show that GNMT is an AR target gene, with its functional ARE located at +1114/+1128 in GNMT intron 1. We believe this information is valuable for clarifying the relationship between androgen and GNMT gene expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4984.
A fourth class of anti-dysrhythmic action? Effect of verapamil on ouabain toxicity, on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials, and on other features of cardiac function
Authors: B. N. SINGH, E. M. VAUGHAN WILLIAMS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Journal Article A fourth class of anti-dysrhythmic action? Effect of verapamil on ouabain toxicity, on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials, and on other features of cardiac function Get access B. N. SINGH, B. N. SINGH From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. M. VAUGHAN WILLIAMS E. M. VAUGHAN WILLIAMS From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 6, Issue 2, March 1972, Pages 109–119, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/6.2.109 Published: 01 March 1972
Disseminated Gonococcal Infection
Authors: KING K. HOLMES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

The recent marked increase in incidence of gonorrhea prompted this analysis of the systemic manifestations of gonococcal infection. Of 42 patients with disseminated infection, 79% were women. Most had asymptomatic anogenital infections, and dissemination arose during pregnancy or menstruation in 71%. Arthritis occurred in 38 patients, in whom a characteristic clinical picture was seen. An initial "bacteremic stage," with polyarthralgias, skin lesions, and positive blood cultures, was followed by a "septic joint stage," with positive synovial fluid cultures or joint destruction. Blood cultures were positive in 9 of 13 patients seen within 2 days of the onset of symptoms, and cell-wall-deficient gonococci were isolated from a "sterile" septic joint. These findings discount any role of cross-reactive antigens and antibodies in the pathogenesis of "sterile" gonococcal arthritis. Liver function abnormalities were detected in 14 patients, and myocarditis or pericarditis occurred in 10 patients. Meningitis occurred in two patients, and endocarditis led to death in one patient and to valve replacement in another.
Absolute, not relative, changes are important when interpreting trial data: Reply
Authors: Takayoshi Tsutamoto, Atsuyuki Wada, Keiko Maeda, Naoko Mabuchi, Masaru Hayashi, Takashi Tsutsui, Masato Ohnishi, Masahide Sawaki, Masanori Fujii, Takehiro Matsumoto, Toshiki Matsui, Masahiko Kinoshita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
C8-03: Gender-associated differences in clinico-pathologic characteristics and survival from non-small cell lung cancer in the new era
Authors: Li-Han Hsu, Nei-Min Chu, Chia-Chuan Liu, Stella Y.c. Tsai, Dong-Ling You, Jen-Sheng Ko, Mei-Chun Lu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Nonmenstrual Toxic Shock Syndrome: The Growing Picture
Authors: Arthur L. Reingold
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS), formerly known as staphylococcal scarlet fever, has been recognized as a distinct clinical entity since 1927.<sup>1</sup>While, in retrospect, one or more of the cases in the series of Todd et al<sup>2</sup>may have been associated with menstruation, it is clear that most of the earliest reported cases of TSS were nonmenstrual. The number of such cases reported before 1980 was small, however, and it was not until TSS and its now well-verified association with menstruation and tampons were the subject of widespread publicity that physicians were stimulated to look for and report cases. The case described by Jacobson and colleagues (p922) nicely illustrates a number of important aspects of a disease in which the clinical and epidemiologic dimensions continue to expand. As has been noted previously in postoperative and postpartum TSS cases,<sup>3-13</sup>the incubation period can be remarkably short, frequently 12 to
Abstract 1034: Upregulation of Ezh2 expression correlates with higher tumor proliferation and grade in non-Hodgkin's B- and T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Lamia Abd Al-Kader, Takashi Oka, Katsuyoshi Takata, Xu Sun, Hiaki Sato, Ichiro Murakami, Hiroshi Kimura, Arie P. Otte, Tadashi Yoshino
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are involved in regulation of hematopoiesis, which include two main members Ezh2 and Bmi-1. Reports on their expression levels in different subtypes of malignant lymphoma and role in lymphomagensis and tumor progression are rather limited. To address this issue, we analyzed a total of 197 patient samples including 10 samples of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 109 of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) and 78 of T-cell lymphoma (TCL) by immunohistochemistry. The results showed overall expression in HL, BCL and TCL to be 90%, 56.9% and 84.6% for Ezh2 and 90%, 82.5% and 84.6% for Bmi-1 respectively. Among BCL, highest Ezh2 positivity was seen in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) followed by high-grade follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In TCL, Ezh2 expression was observed in all subtypes and seemed more homogenous. Difference in its expression between aggressive and indolent subtypes of BCL was statistically significant (p= 0.000∼0.010). On the other hand, Bmi-1 was rather more consistently expressed in both BCL and TCL up to 100% in 7 subtypes. Difference in its expression between aggressive and indolent subtypes was statistically insignificant. Ki67 showed strong positive correlation with Ezh2 in BCL (Correlation coefficient (Co) =0.983, p= 0.000) and moderate correlation in TCL (Co=0 .629, p= 0.000). This correlation could not be detected in case of Bmi1. These data suggest that out of the two Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, only Ezh2 correlates with tumor proliferation and signals a more aggressive nature. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1034. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1034
Comparison of palonosetron (PALO) plus dexamethasone on day 1, with or without dexamethasone on days 2 and 3, in the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline/cyclophosphamide regimens.
Authors: A Fabi, F Nole', F Roila, M Medici, G Steger, C Bachmann, S Roncoroni, G Ballinari
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4088 BACKGROUND PALO is a selective and potent serotonin antagonist, with a pharmacologically different structure and binding affinity compared to older 5-HT3 receptors antagonists. Multiple studies with PALO have demonstrated better efficacy in preventing emesis throughout the 5 days after moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy (CT) compared to ondansetron, dolasetron or granisetron.&amp;#x2028; METHODS This was a phase 4, double-blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel study, in 300 CT naïve patients with breast cancer receiving cyclophosphamide &amp;lt;1500 mg/m2 or anthracycline (epirubicin or doxorubicin) alone or in combination. The study aimed to determine whether the efficacy during the 0-120 hr (overall) period after CT, of a PALO single-dose 0.25mg IV administered 30 minutes before CT plus dexamethasone 8 mg IV approximately 1 hr before CT on day 1 (PALO/DEX/Placebo), was non-inferior to the same day 1 regimen followed by DEX 4 mg orally twice daily on days 2 and 3 (PALO/DEX/DEX). The primary endpoint was complete response (CR), defined as no emesis and no rescue therapy, in the overall phase. Emesis, nausea, use of rescue antiemetics, and functional impact were secondary endpoints. Adverse events (AEs) were documented to monitor safety.&amp;#x2028; RESULTS This study showed non-inferiority in CR rates between the two groups in the overall phase, and in the acute and delayed phases (Table I).&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; There were no significant differences between groups for no emesis and no nausea rates. Rates of AEs were similar in the two groups, with no serious drug-related AEs reported.&amp;#x2028; CONCLUSIONS The comparable results between the two groups support the efficacy of PALO plus DEX administration on day 1 only, with no benefit shown for additional doses of dexamethasone. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4088.
P302 Home Mechanical Ventilation: Has Ventilator Technology Surpassed Our Ability To Care For Some Patients In A Community Setting?
Authors: D. Worsley, F. Telford, D. Land
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) for patients with chronic respiratory failure is a growing therapeutic modality that can reduce morbidity and mortality.<sup>1</sup> HMV may be complex to establish and requires a clear care pathway from acute to community services. The aim was to ascertain factors influencing in-patient length of stay (LoS) and mortality in individuals requiring HMV who were unable to use the device independently. All HMV was initiated in a respiratory high dependency unit (RHDU) in a university hospital. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective analysis of medical notes was conducted for all patients initiated on HMV between September 2012 and September 2013. Patients who were unable to manage the device independently were identified. Data collected included: admission data, social history, primary diagnosis, date deemed medically fit, readmission to RHDU, bed days post medically fit (section 5), reasons for delayed discharge and outcome. LoS and bed day cost were calculated based on trust finance data for level 1 and 2 beds. <h3>Results</h3> Twelve patients were identified and separated into 2 groups according to LoS: less than 5 days (group 1; n = 5) or greater than 5 days (group 2; n = 7). Various primary diagnoses were represented in each group. The main variable separating groups was pre-admission social status. Patients with a live-in carer, willing spouse or established 24-hour care were discharged back to their original home within 4 days of being declared medically fit. Those without such care had an average LoS of 27.4 days (17–51), with a large increase in associated cost and mortality. (Table 1). All patients in Group 1 survived and were successfully discharged. The in-hospital mortality for patients in Group 2 was 86%. <h3>Discussion</h3> HMV is a complex modality requiring specialist training to facilitate home use. Patients unable to manage HMV independently have significant care needs. This study showed that patients who do not have an established care network pre-discharge have an increased LoS and higher mortality. The current Continuing Healthcare process and Social Services structure is not robust enough to meet these patients’ needs. <h3>References</h3> European Respiratory Journal. 2005;25(6):1025-1031 Rello J, <i>et al</i>. <i>Chest</i>. 2010;137(5):1138-1144
The role of major histocompatibility complex and non-major histocompatibility complex encoded antigens in generation of bile duct lesions during hepatic graft-vs.-host responses mediated by helper or cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Fred H. Williams, Dwain L. Thiele
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

In these studies, we examined the role of discrete classes of alloantigen differences in generating nonsuppurative cholangitis during graft-vs.-host disease. Transfer of C57BL/6J (B6) splenocytes to class I major histocompatibility complex-disparate bm1 × B6 F1, class II major histocompatibility complex-disparate B6 × bm12 F1, or multiple non-major histocompatibility complex antigen-disparate Balb,B × B6 F1 mice led to the development of periportal inflammatory infiltrates and lymphocyte invasion of bile duct walls. However, frank destruction of bile duct walls was observed only in strain combinations with class I majorhistocompatibility complex or multiple non-major histocompatibility complex-encoded disparities. The concomitant presence of class II major histocompatibility complex differences and class I major histocompatibility complex or multiple non-major histocompatibility complex differences did not increase and in some cases was associated with less severe bile duct disease than was observed in strain combinations with discrete histocompatibility antigen differences. Depletion of L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester-sensitive cytotoxic T lymphocytes from donor inocula reduced the incidence of destructive bile duct lesions observed early in the course of graft-vs.-host disease in B6→Balb.B × B6 F1 or B6→bm1 × B6 F1 mice. However, transfer of CD8-negative, L-leucyl-L-leucine methyl ester-resistant T helper cells alone was sufficient to generate destructive cholangitis in class I + II major histocompatibility complex-disparate or multiple non-major histocompatibility complex antigen-disparate strain combinations. These findings demonstrate that histologically similar patterns of destructive nonsuppurative cholangitis can be generated by diverse T effector mechanisms directed at class I major histocompatibility complex or non-major histocompatibility complex-encoded antigen differences. However, in this murine graft-vs.-host disease model, the presence of class II major histocompatibility complex-encoded alloantigen differences provided neither a direct nor an additive stimulus for generation of destructive duct lesions. (HEPATOLOGY 1994;19:980–988.)
The Resource King is dead! Long live the Resource King!
Authors: John N. Towse, Graham J. Hitch, Una Hutton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Working memory span forms an important cornerstone of current accounts of cognition, and cognitive development. We describe data that challenge the conventional interpretation of span as a measure of working memory capacity. We argue that the implications of these data undermine the analysis provided by Caplan &amp; Waters concerning the role of working memory in sentence comprehension.
Right Ventricular Anomalous Muscle Bundle
Authors: J. W. FORSTER, J. O. HUMPHRIES
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Eighteen patients with right ventricular anomalous muscle bundles associated with ventricular septal defect and one patient with isolated anomalous muscle bundle were studied. The clinical differentiation of these patients from those with isolated ventricular septal defects or tetralogy of Fallot was difficult. Eleven patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis; eight had various degrees of dyspnea on exertion, with three of these having cyanosis. A physiologically split second sound with a pulmonic component of normal intensity and a diffuse thrill and holosystolic murmur maximal at the lower left sternal border suggest the diagnosis. Chest X-rays and electrocardiograms usually show evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy, but may suggest left ventricular hypertrophy in the presence of a large left-to-right shunt. However, the diagnosis is best made by cardiac catheterization with measurement of a pressure gradient in the body of the right ventricle and by selective angiography with the demonstration of a wedge-shaped filling defect in the right ventricle. Progressive obstruction by the muscle bundle occurred in four of seven patients who had repeated catheterization associated with the development of electrocardiographic changes of right ventricular hypertrophy. To date, 11 patients have had surgery; one died before surgery; and surgery is being planned for the remaining patients.
Ultrastructural localization of cytochrome b in the membranes of resting and phagocytosing human granulocytes.
Authors: A J Jesaitis, E S Buescher, D Harrison, M T Quinn, C A Parkos, S Livesey, J Linner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Affinity-purified rabbit anti-neutrophil cytochrome b light or heavy chain antibodies were used to immunocytochemically and biochemically localize cytochrome b in neutrophils and eosinophils. The antibodies were monospecific, recognizing polypeptides of 91 and 22 kD, respectively, on Western blots of whole neutrophil extracts. The antibodies were used in Western blot analysis of subcellular fractions of purified neutrophils to confirm that the distribution of cytochrome b spectral absorbance matched that of the two subunits. Thin sections of cryofixed, molecular distillation-dried granulocytes were labeled with the anti-cytochrome b antibodies, followed by incubation with biotin-conjugated secondary antibody, and final labeling with streptavidin-conjugated colloidal gold. Electron microscopy revealed that the cytochrome b light and heavy chains were localized primarily (80%) to 0.1-0.2-micron round or elliptical granule-like structures in neutrophils and 0.4-0.5-micron granules in eosinophils. Approximately 20% of the cytochrome b was localized to the surface, confirming the subcellular fractionation studies. Double staining experiments on the neutrophils, using polyclonal rabbit anti-lactoferrin antibody, indicated that the cytochrome-bearing structures also contained lactoferrin and thus were specific granules. When the analysis was performed on neutrophils that had phagocytosed Staphylococcus aureus, cytochrome b was found in the phagosomal membrane adjoining the bacterial cell wall.