tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US doctors' incomes are falling, new survey finds
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The average income of doctors in the United States fell by 7% from 1995 to 2003, a new report says. The report is from the Center for Studying Health System Change, a non-profit research group in Washington, DC.

Worst affected were primary care doctors, whose income—after expenses such as malpractice insurance but before taxes were deducted—fell by 10% over the period, while surgeons' income fell by 8%. Medical specialists' income remained relatively unchanged.

The incomes of lawyers and other professionals rose by 7% during the …
BRCA1- and BRCA2-Deficient Cells Are Sensitive to Etoposide-Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks via Topoisomerase II
Authors: Alejandro D. Treszezamsky, Lisa A. Kachnic, Zhihui Feng, Junran Zhang, Chake Tokadjian, Simon N. Powell
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

The function of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in DNA repair could affect the sensitivity of cells to cytotoxic agents, and would therefore be an important component of planning therapy for breast and ovarian cancers. Previously, both BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient tumors were shown to be sensitive to mitomycin C, and the mechanism was presumed to be a defect in the repair of interstrand crosslinks by homologous recombination. Here, we show that both BRCA1 and BRCA2 determine the sensitivity to the cytotoxic drug, etoposide, using genetic complementation of BRCA-deficient cells. Etoposide is known to bind to topoisomerase II and prevent the resolution of the "cleavable complex," in which one DNA duplex is passed through a second duplex. The specificity of this BRCA-dependent sensitivity was confirmed by the use of aclarubicin, which is a catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II and prevents the formation of the cleavable complex. In the presence of aclarubicin, the differential sensitivity of BRCA-proficient and BRCA-deficient cells was lost. Thus, etoposide requires the presence of topoisomerase II to show specific sensitization in the absence of the function of BRCA1 or BRCA2. We conclude that homologous recombination is used in the repair of DNA damage caused by topoisomerase II poisons. Overall, these results suggest that etoposide is a potentially useful drug in the treatment of BRCA-deficient human cancers.
Ultimate injuries: a survey.
Authors: P Marfleet
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1991)

Injuries sustained while playing Ultimate at six tournaments between 1986 and 1990 were recorded. Thigh muscle strains, ankle ligament sprains and skin abrasions/friction burns were the most frequent injuries. Factors contributing to injury include pitch state, player fitness and preparation, clothing, 'lay-out' technique, tournament organization and squad size. Reducing excessive playing time, improved preparation by the player, sensible use of protective clothing, and care with pitch selection should all lead to a reduction in the number of injuries.
Prospects for Radiographic Intrauterine Diagnosis — The Syndrome of Thrombocytopenia with Absent Radii
Authors: Gilbert S. Omenn, Melvin M. Figley, C. Benjamin Graham, W. LERoy Heinrichs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

CHROMOSOME karyotypes and enzyme analyses of cultured amniotic-fluid cells obtained during the second trimester have permitted reliable identification of affected and unaffected fetuses in pregnancies at high risk for certain specific birth defects or genetic disorders.1 2 3 4 However, a testable abnormality is known for relatively few conditions.2 3 4 5 We report here radiographic visualization of the fetus in a pregnancy at 25 per cent risk for the syndrome of thrombocytopenia and absent radii.Case ReportA 26-year-old woman was referred to the Genetics Counseling Clinic in the 8th week of pregnancy. A previous pregnancy had resulted in a son affected with phocomelia and . . .
Functional Significance of Adenosine 5′-Diphosphate Receptor (P2Y <sub>12</sub> ) in Platelet Activation Initiated by Binding of von Willebrand Factor to Platelet GP Ibα Induced by Conditions of High Shear Rate
Authors: Shinya Goto, Noriko Tamura, Koji Eto, Yasuo Ikeda, Shunnosuke Handa
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — The role of the adenosine 5′-diphosphate receptor P2Y 12 in platelet activation initiated by the von Willebrand factor (VWF)–GP Ibα interaction under high shear rate was investigated. Methods and Results — Blood samples were obtained from 11 donors. Shear-induced platelet aggregation was detected by optically modified cone-plate viscometer. Shear-induced VWF binding, P-selectin expression, and microparticle release were detected by flow cytometry. Platelet interaction with immobilized VWF was also investigated by parallel-plate flow chamber equipped with epifluorescent videomicroscopy. Effects of a selective P2Y 12 antagonist AR-C69931 MX were tested. AR-C69931 MX inhibited shear-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner, achieving the maximum inhibition at 100 nmol/L. The extent of aggregation after exposure to a shear rate of 10 800 s −1 for 6 minutes in the presence of 100 nmol/L AR-C69931 MX was 32.4±8.2% (mean±SD), which was significantly lower than the value in the controls of 69.7±9.6% ( P &lt;0.01). The inhibiting effects of AR-C69931 MX were reversed by exogenous addition of adenosine 5′-diphosphate. Shear-induced VWF binding and P-selectin surface translocation, which occurred in 4696±911 and 5964±784, respectively, of 10 000 measured platelets, was also inhibited by AR-C69931 MX (100 nmol/L) to 1948±528 and 2797±718, respectively ( P =0.0018 and P =0.0009). Microparticle release was similarly inhibited. In a flow chamber experiment, firm platelet attachment on immobilized VWF was inhibited by AR-C69931 MX, whereas transient interaction was not influenced. All the above reactions were completely inhibited by blocking VWF–GP Ibα interaction. Conclusions — We have demonstrated that the stimulation of P2Y 12 is involved in platelet activation initiated by the binding of VWF to GP Ibα induced by a high shear rate.
Don't Forget About Candidiasis
Authors: Frederick A. J. Kingery
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A surgeon was seen by a colleague because of an irritation in the groin. On the assumption that this was a simple intertrigo or seborrheic dermatitis, he was given a topical preparation containing neomycin sulfate, bacitracin, polymyxin B sulfate, and hydrocortisone, with the assurance that all would be well shortly. Instead, the eruption became progressively more acute. After a week of such treatment the now-incapacitated surgeon had a raw, weeping, painful dermatitis of the entire perineum (Fig 1) and a similar eruption in the axilla (Fig 2). A diagnosis of candidiasis was made clinically and confirmed by examination of a scraping in potassium hydroxide. The yeast had thrived on a diet of steroids and antibiotics. The involved skin was a beefy red color and contained large colonies of yeast, grossly visible as a curd-like white exudate. Beyond the semidistinct scalloped border of the eruption were many satellite lesions, each one
Noninvasive assessment of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Dominique Thabut, Richard Moreau, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Severe portal hypertension is responsible for complications and death. Although measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient is the most accurate method for evaluating the presence and severity of portal hypertension, this technique is considered invasive and is not routinely performed in all centers. Several noninvasive techniques have been proposed to measure portal hypertension. Certain methods evaluate elements related to the pathogenesis of portal hypertension through the measurement of hyperkinetic syndrome, for example, or they investigate the development of hepatic fibrosis through the measurement of increased intrahepatic vascular resistance. Other methods evaluate the clinical consequences of portal hypertension, such as the presence of esophageal varices or the development of portosystemic shunts. Methods evaluating increased hepatic vascular resistance are fairly accurate and mainly involve the detection of hepatic fibrosis by serum markers and transient elastography. The radiological assessment of hyperkinetic syndrome probably has value but is still under investigation. The assessment of severe portal hypertension by the presence of varices may be performed with simple tools such as biological assays, computed tomography, and esophageal capsules. More sophisticated procedures seem promising but are still under development. Screening tools for large populations must be simple, whereas more complicated procedures could help in the follow-up of already diagnosed patients. Although most of these noninvasive methods effectively identify severe portal hypertension, methods for diagnosing moderate portal hypertension need to be developed; this shows that further investigation is needed in this field.
Mixture of Blood with Dextrose Solutions
Authors: Lewis Francis
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the April 8 issue ofThe Journal(<b>176:</b>83, 1961) a question was asked regarding the mixture of blood with dextrose solutions. I feel that the answer was misleading in that the consultant apparently misunderstood the question. The serious reactions which at times follow the mixing of dextrose-water solutions with blood were first pointed out by Wilson (<i>Amer J Clin Path</i><b>20:</b>667-668 [July] 1950), who cited a case of reaction which was clinically indistinguishable from an incompatible blood transfusion reaction. His recommendation was that saline should always be given before and after the administration of blood to prevent this phenomenon. Later, Buschle and Saklad reviewed this problem in<i>Anesthesiology</i>(<b>14:</b>53-54 [Jan.] 1953) and found that a solution of 0.09% saline with dextrose prevented such reactions. Clinically, this diminution of saline from the usual 0.9% saline gave the advantage of preventing reactions while limiting the
THE PRODUCTION OF ALBUMINURIA BY RENAL VASOCONSTRICTION IN ANIMALS AND IN MAN
Authors: Isaac Starr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

EXPERIMENTS ARE DESCRIBED WHICH SHOW THAT: 1. Transient albuminuria follows the infusion of small doses of adrenalin into rabbits, if prolonged over several minutes. 2. Agents causing renal vasoconstriction also cause transient albuminuria in anesthetized, eviscerated dogs. 3. Cats eliminate albumin after having been frightened or enraged. 4. The drug ephedrine, which commonly causes renal vasoconstriction in animals, has been tested in man. Transient albuminuria.
Stress and Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Susan Levenstein
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Raisin and Vision
Authors: Paul E. Romano
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Denver Development Screening Test has elevated the humble raisin to prominence in establishing the visual development of an infant and his eye-hand coordination. The raisin is attractive to most small children but the fact that a child can see and pick up a raisin does not mean that he has normal vision. We recently "calibrated" a raisin to determine just how much vision a child needs in order to see one and pick it up. We were surprised to find that, presented on a neutral gray background at a distance of 14 inches, it requires only 20/2,000 vision to see a raisin well enough to find it. We would like to recommend to all pediatricians and those interested in the development of children that the ability of a child to find and grasp a raisin does not, therefore, indicate that he has normal vision.
Gallium-67 Uptake in Cutaneous Lesions of Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: LESLIE NISHIMI, DAVID C.P. CHEN, AZIZULLAH N. ANSARI, MICHAEL E. SIEGEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

The literature on gallium imaging in mycosis fungoides is limited and conflicting. A case of mycosis fungoides with increased uptake of Ga-67 in clinically noninfected skin lesions is reported. The literature regarding mycosis fungoides and gallium imaging is reviewed
Hypermagnesemia-Induced Hypotension and Hypoventilation
Authors: Hayward Zwerling
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Clinically significant hypermagnesemia occurs infrequently in patients with normal renal function.<sup>1</sup>A patient is presented who developed hypermagnesemia-induced hypotension and respiratory depression, which was precipitated by the administration of magnesium citrate to a patient with a small-bowel obstruction who had normal renal function. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —A 64-year-old woman was admitted with abdominal pain. She had a history of vitamin D deficiency that was well controlled on 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>[calcitriol] vitamin D and calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>). She discontinued these medicines 2 years prior to admission. On admission (<i>t</i>= -25 h), she was hypocalcemic, hypomagnesemic, hypokalemic, and had an elevated alkaline phosphatase level. Her serum creatinine level was normal. The patient was treated with calcium, potassium, parenteral magnesium sulfate (MgSO<sub>4</sub>) (Mg<sup>++</sup>8.1 mmol by continuous infusion from<i>t</i>= -9.7 h through<i>t</i>= -0.3 h) and oral magnesium citrate (Mg<sup>++</sup>125 mmol) at<i>t</i>= -23.7
A Methadone Program for Addicts With Chest Disease
Authors: Lee Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The methadone hydrochloride maintenance method of Dole and Nyswander for the treatment of hard-core heroin addicts has been adapted to the needs of a municipal hospital chest disease service. Treatment is begun on the wards and continued after discharge in a special outpatient clinic, though patients not requiring hospitalization may begin as outpatients. In the first 33 months of the existence of the Methadone Chest Disease Program (MCDP), 165 heroin addicts with a variety of chronic chest diseases were seen. Of the 127 interested in the program, 19 (14.9%) were rejected; of the 93 accepted, 63 (68%) remain on the program and are being successfully treated for their dual problems. This program has made these difficult patients manageable in the hospital and has led to successful medical treatment and a high degree of social rehabilitation.
REHABILITATION OF HAND FUNCTION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Donald L. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Although recent clinical literature abounds with publications that attest to the high level of medical interest in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, few<sup>1</sup>of these have dealt with the hand deformities produced by this disease. Yet, the inability to utilize the hands in some useful, or at least time-consuming, occupation constitutes for most patients a more distressing complication by far than similar involvement of any other combination of joints. There is general agreement as to the importance of the prevention of deformities, and recent publications<sup>2</sup>have shown in excellent fashion the means by which such deformities, including those of the hands, may be minimized. There does and will remain, however, a certain percentage of patients whose hand disability will increase despite attention to these prophylactic measures. We present this report in the hope of interesting others in deviating from the frequent attitude of acceptance of the crippled hand
Consequences of chronic hepatitis C: A review article for the hematologist
Authors: Louis M. Aledort
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract The hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been cloned, and assays capable of detecting antibody to HCV recombinant proteins (anti‐HCV) have been developed. Concurrent with the cloning and development of the anti‐HCV screening tests, trials with interferon alfa‐2b have documented biochemical and histologic improvement in the indices of hepatitis C and non‐A, non‐B (NANB) in patients who were chronically infected. Subsequently, the anti‐HCV assays and interferon alfa‐2b have become clinically available. These new detection and treatment modalities can now be used in the management of hemophilics and other chronically transfused patients who bear great risk for blood‐borne infections and manifest signs of chronic hepatitis. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Alien Doctors: Foreign Medical Graduates in American Hospitals
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Since 1950, a spectacular migration of foreign physicians to the United States has transformed our medical manpower while depleting the resources of other nations. This book usefully defines the many problems of the foreign medical graduate (FMG), with enough detail to be worth a reader's effort. Ms Stevens, the senior author, is a renowned and brave analyst, as shown by her popular books on awesome problems such as welfare, the worth of medical specialization, and medical practice in England. She has a pleasing distrust of authority and a witty dislike for myth and mystification. She does not argue her own politics and writes plainly, avoiding the peculiarities of sociology. The authors are preoccupied with these problems from the viewpoint of the FMG himself. Data for such interpretations are supplied by the questionnaire-interview method on which they have relied. More realistic analysis is restricted by a lack of unbiased information on
Survival Differences by Gender for Resected Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 12,509 Cases in a Japanese Lung Cancer Registry Study
Authors: Hiroyuki Sakurai, Hisao Asamura, Tomoyuki Goya, Kenji Eguchi, Yoichi Nakanishi, Noriyoshi Sawabata, Meinoshin Okumura, Etsuo Miyaoka, Yoshitaka Fujii
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Genome sequence of one individual is published for first time
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Poor communication between primary care trusts and GPs is seriously compromising the safety of patients in England, a group of MPs said this week.In its latest report the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts also warns that 96% of GPs are failing to report dangerous incidents to the National Patient Safety Agency.For its report, which examines the Department of Health's progress in implementing clinical governance in primary care, the committee had taken evidence from the chief executive of the NHS, the deputy chief medical officer, and the NHS's director general of commissioning.Committee chairman Edward Leigh said, "Too many primary care organisations are paying lip service to the principles of the Department of Health's clinical governance agenda.The lines of communication between the primary care trusts, on the one hand, and their GPs and other healthcare contractors, on the other, are defective."He added: "How can we be confident in the NHS's ability to share learning locally and nationally about what can go wrong in health care when only a tiny proportion of GPs-4%-routinely report patient safety events and incidents to the National Patient Safety Agency?"In response to a series of high profile problems in the 1990s, including the Shipman murders and events at the Bristol Royal Infirmary, the health department introduced its 10 year programme to boost patient safety.The centrepiece was the clinical governance system.The new report suggests, however, that clinical governance is not as well established in primary care as in secondary care.The committee says that this is due largely to the complexity of the role of primary care trusts in commissioning and providing care and to the independence of contractors delivering health care, particularly GPs.The Committee of Public Accounts' 47th report of the current session can be found at www. parliament.uk/pac.Primary� care pay�s only� "lip service" to clinical governance, MPs say� UK NEWS Regulator gives green light to research using human-animal embryos, p 531 WoRld NEWS US me�ical authorities are accuse� o�� ��ailing to act over �octors in �uantanamo, p 53� US me�ical authorities are accuse� o�� ��ailing to act over �octors in �uantanamo, p 53� , p 53� bmj.comNumber o�� bipolar �isor�er �iagnoses leaps among US young people Number o�� bipolar �isor�er �iagnoses leaps among US young people
The Stewart and Ryfkogel Methods in the Surgery of Epithelioma of the Lip
Authors: H. A. L. Ryfkogel
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I fear Dr. Stewart has not read my article very carefully, for I state that two weeks after the removal of the lip, I do a radical dissection of the cervical lymph-nodes including the submental and submaxillary. At the second operation the facial arteries are cut; but as the flaps are now healed in place their preservation is no longer necessary. To save space I referred to a previous article in which I advocated a very thorough neck dissection in these cases, and as I do not like to have such an extensive wound in continuity with the mouth, I do a two-step operation. I also remove the lip wide of the growth, and my operation permits this by allowing full use, without tension, of the loose skin of the neck. In Dr. Stewart's original article he states that there is sometimes "an offensive suppuration"