tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Schizophrenia Adoption Studies
Authors: Jonathan Leo
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

I read the paper by Chi et al. with interest.The authors found a greater hypoxia response gene expression in carcinomas than stromal cells grown in vitro, but were not sure of the underlying explanation (see Discussion in [1]).The underlying explanation may be the difference in mitotic activity and hence metabolic activity between these two cell types, such that hypoxia may be present within cancer cells, although the surrounding culture media may have similar oxygen levels as the stromal cultures.The differences in mitotic activity could also explain greater hypoxia-related gene expression in clear-cell carcinoma compared with chromophobe carcinoma, normal tissue, or oncocytoma, as clear-cell carcinomas are more active mitotically.Did the authors compare the hypoxia gene expression with mitotic activity in various tumors?
Reply to the Letter to the Editor from Noopur Raje and Kenneth C. Anderson
Authors: Noopur Raje, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

In Response: We appreciate the interest generated by our recent study on understanding the clinical, biochemical, and radiographic correlates of osteonecrosis of the jaw ([1][1]). The case-control study referred to by Kyrgidis and coworkers is currently in press and therefore not referenced in our
Trends in Evolution of Specialty Choice
Authors: David Babbott
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This study describes the evolution of specialty choices among US medical school seniors in 1983 and 1987. Its purposes were to determine the specialty interests of the 1987 cohort as these 11,264 students proceeded through medical school and to compare their evolving specialty plans with those of the 10,321 US medical school seniors in 1983. As the 1987 cohort advanced through medical school, they became increasingly interested in general and subspecialty internal medicine, psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology, anesthesia, radiology and rehabilitation medicine and less interested in family practice, general surgery, pathology, and public health. Compared with the 1983 cohort, 1987 seniors were significantly less likely to choose general internal medicine and more likely to choose internal medicine and pediatric subspecialties. Similar proportions of each cohort of seniors chose family practice. Between 1983 and 1987, men's interest in pediatrics, general surgery, and obstetrics and gynecology declined, while their interest in the surgical subspecialties, anesthesia, and rehabilitation medicine increased.
Skin test sensitivity to 5 different cockroach species in patients with allergic respiratory diseases in Rosario, Argentina*1
Authors: L. Ardusso, J. Molinas, L. Nardone, S. Crisci, E.Fern ández-Caldas, I. Molinari, J. Galymany, J. Carnes, C. Crisci
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Making access to health care more equal
Authors: J J Jones
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Making access to health care more equal SIR,-I have difficulty in understanding the costing in the paper by Messrs Gwyn Bevan and John Charlton (26 September, p 764).Table I refers to a mean expenditure by family practitioner com- mittees on medical services per head of £6.76 in 1980-1.In 1981 the gross expenditure on general medical services was £16 per head.'Over 90% would be revenue.Moreover, general medical practitioners incur a far greater expenditure from pharma- ceuticals-£23 per head.A fairer comparison of the contribution of the family practitioner committee budget to total medical expenditure would be £39 per head per year compared with £148 per head for hospital services.
In vivo stimulation of connective tissue accumulation by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ in rat experimental wounds.
Authors: F X Maquart, G Bellon, B Chaqour, J Wegrowski, L M Patt, R E Trachy, J C Monboisse, F Chastang, P Birembaut, P Gillery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+ (GHK-Cu) was first described as a growth factor for differentiated cells. Recent in vitro data showed that it possesses several properties of a potential activator of wound repair. We investigated the effects of GHK-Cu in vivo, using the wound chamber model described previously (Schilling, J.A., W. Joel, and M.T. Shurley, 1959. Surgery [St. Louis]. 46:702-710). Stainless steel wire mesh cylinders were implanted subcutaneously on the back of rats. The animals were divided into groups that received sequential injections into the wound chamber of either saline (control group) or various concentrations of GHK-Cu. At the end of the experiments, rats were killed, wound chambers were collected, and their content was analyzed for dry weight, total proteins, collagen, DNA, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, and specific mRNAs for collagens and TGF beta. In the GHK-Cu-injected wound chambers, a concentration-dependent increase of dry weight, DNA, total protein, collagen, and glycosaminoglycan contents was found. The stimulation of collagen synthesis was twice that of noncollagen proteins. Type I and type III collagen mRNAs were increased but not TGF beta mRNAs. An increase of the relative amount of dermatan sulfate was also found. A control tripeptide, L-glutamyl-L-histidyl-L-proline, had no significant effect. These results demonstrate that GHK-Cu is able to increase extracellular matrix accumulation in wounds in vivo.
The Clinical Significance of Clindamycin-Resistant Bacteroides fragilis
Authors: Marcia H. Yee
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The<i>Bacteroides fragilis</i>group of bacteria are the most numerous microorganisms in the colon and the most common anaerobic isolates from human infections. Although clindamycin hydrochloride is still considered the antibiotic of choice for treatment of infections with these bacteria, resistant strains are becoming more common. To determine the clinical significance of clindamycin-resistant bacteroides, we reviewed the charts of 14 patients with resistant isolates. Clindamycin resistance was a major factor in the clinical course of at least four patients. Three of these did not recover until they were treated with effective antimicrobials. Seven patients had been treated with either erythromycin or clindamycin before isolation of the resistant strain. These observations underscore the importance of antimicrobial sensitivity testing of the<i>B fragilis</i>group and of considering the possibility of resistance when patients infected with<i>Bacteroides</i>fail to respond to clindamycin treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:1860-1863)
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma with VH1-02 gene rearrangement expresses poly- and self-reactive antibodies with similar reactivity
Authors: Abdirashid A. Warsame, Hans-Christian Aasheim, Kjell Nustad, Gunhild Trøen, Anne Tierens, Vivian Wang, Ulla Randen, Hiep P. Dong, Sverre Heim, Andreas Brech, Jan Delabie
Journal: Blood (2011)
Trial of high-titre human rubella immunoglobulin.
Authors: G E Urquhart, R J Crawford, J Wallace
Journal: BMJ (1978)

To test the efficacy of passive antibody for protecting susceptible pregnant women who have been exposed to rubella high-titre human rubella immunoglobulin (HRI) was given to 20 seronegative male adult volunteers simultaneously with rubella vaccine. After receiving the intramuscular injections of HRI (750 mg of IgG) and vaccine (10(3 . 92) median tissue culture dose, Wistar RA27/3 subcutaneously) eight of the 20 volunteers failed to show seroconversion. Antibody responses--and thus presumably viraemia--in the remaining 12 volunteers were delayed and reduced when compared with those in 19 volunteers given the vaccine alone. No significant responses occurred in volunteers given only HRI. We conclude that HRI may be of value for seronegative pregnant women who come into contact with clinical rubella, particularly when termination is likely to be refused.
[786] RESULTS OF AN INTERIM ANALYSIS OF A PHASE 2 STUDY OF TELAPREVIR (VX-950) WITH PEGINTERFERON a-2a AND RIBAVIRIN IN PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED SUBJECTS WITH HEPATITIS C
Authors: J.G. McHutchison, G.T. Everson, S. Gordon, I. Jacobson, R. Kauffman, L. McNair, A. Muir
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Forced retinoic acid receptor α homodimers prime mice for APL-like leukemia
Authors: Thomas Sternsdorf, Vernon T. Phan, Mei Lin Maunakea, Corinne B. Ocampo, Jastinder Sohal, Angela Silletto, Francesco Galimi, Michelle M. Le Beau, Ronald M. Evans, Scott C. Kogan
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)
Comment re: Temozolomide Preferentially Depletes Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Roberto Pallini, Nicola Montano, Luigi M. Larocca
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

To the Editor: Beier and colleagues (1), in contrast to previous studies (2–4), show that temozolomide depletes clonogenic and highly tumorigenic cells in glioblastoma cultures and reduces tumorigenicity in vivo. The in vivo studies, however, raise concerns. Tumor xenografts were measured on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI; TR/TE 4,000/73 ms). In Fig. 6A of their report, the hyperintense signal of the xenograft is similar to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). At this TR/TE value, a glial tumor without necrotic or cystic areas is expected to be less hyperintense than CSF (Fig. 1A and B, arrow). Although the MRI appearance may depend on transplantation techniques, the hyperintense signal of the xenografts seems related to regressive phenomena (5). In Fig. 6A of ref. 1 (upper and lower left), the ventricles homolateral to the tumor are not compressed or displaced as expected (Fig. 1C and D); conversely, they seem slightly enlarged. Furthermore, the untreated xenograft in Fig. 6A of ref. 1 (upper left) shows an extra-axial CSF collection that does not favor the presence of an underlying mass lesion.Glioblastoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) are known to generate tumors in vivo that phenocopy the parent tumor, although vascularity and heterogeneity may be less prominent. In Fig. 6B and C of ref. 1, however, the xenografts lack glioblastoma features resembling foci of anaplastic astrocytoma, therefore suggesting that the grafted CSCs may have lost the grade of malignancy of parental glioblastoma.Pretreatment with temozolomide dose-dependently reduced the size of tumor xenografts irrespective of the O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status of the CSCs. Indeed, tumor size substantially decreased in mice injected with CSCs exposed to 50 μmol/L of temozolomide relative to the 5 μmol/L dose, as shown in Fig. 6A and B of ref. 1. However, Fig. 6D of ref. 1 shows that proliferation of R28 cells does not significantly differ between 5 and 50 μmol/L of temozolomide. Changing the interpretation of Beier and colleagues, we propose that early after implantation 50 μmol/L-temozolomide treatment had been more effective than 5 μmol/L but 12 weeks later the tumors proliferated with similar rates. Beier and colleagues show that temozolomide-treated CD133+ glioblastoma cells actually continue to proliferate in vitro. The same may happen when xenografting the cells. Obtaining any data on cell death would have been beneficial. Future studies are needed to fully understand the effects of temozolomide and other therapies on different tumor cell populations in this heterogenous disease.No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Comparison of photodynamic therapy with cryotherapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease
Authors: C.A. MORTON, C. WHITEHURST, H. MOSELEY, J.H. MCCOLL, J.V. MOORE, R.M. MACKIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

The efficacy and suitability of photodynamic therapy (PDT) was compared with that of cryotherapy in the treatment of 40 lesions of Bowen's disease. Lesions were randomized to receive either cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen, or PDT using a portable desktop lamp incorporating a 300 W xenon short arc discharge source. A porphyrin precursor, 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA), was applied topically 4 h before irradiation in the PDT group. Each lesion received 125 J/cm2 at a fluence rate of 70 mW/cm2. All patients were reviewed at 2-monthly intervals and treatments repeated if required. Cryotherapy produced clearance in 10 of 20 lesions after one treatment, the remaining 10 lesions requiring two or three treatment applications. PDT resulted in clearance of 15 of 20 lesions after one treatment and of the remaining five lesions after a second treatment. The probability that a lesion cleared after one treatment was greater with PDT than cryotherapy (P < 0.01). Cryotherapy was associated with ulceration (five of 20), infection (two of 20) and recurrent disease (two of 20); no such complications occurred following PDT. PDT using a non-laser light source and topical 5-ALA appears to be at least as effective as cryotherapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease with fewer adverse effects.
Visceral pain and gender differences in pain
Authors: D. Menétrey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

My commentary on mcmahon addresses the fact that only peripheral data have been considered for explaining differential sensibility in somato- and viscerosensory systems. This fails to take it into account that central processing for visceral and somatic inputs is now known to depend on different functional pathways. My commentary on berkley points out that the hypothalamus-pituitary axis is more responsive to stress in females than in males.
Upfront immunization with autologous recombinant idiotype Fab fragment without prior cytoreduction in indolent B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Marcelo A. Navarrete, Kristina Heining-Mikesch, Frank Schüler, Cristina Bertinetti-Lapatki, Gabriele Ihorst, Andrea Keppler-Hafkemeyer, Gottfried Dölken, Hendrik Veelken
Journal: Blood (2010)
Arthritis of mice induced by Mycoplasma arthritidis. Humoral antibody and lymphocyte responses of CBA mice.
Authors: B.C Cole, L Golightly-Rowland, J.R Ward
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

Peak arthritis occurred 7 days after intravenous injection of CBA mice with Mycoplasma arthritidis and persisted in some animals for 84 days. A marked leucocytosis was apparent for the first 21 days. Complement-fixing antibodies reached a peak 14 days after injection of the organisms and persisted at high levels for 84 days. Metabolic-inhibiting and mycoplasmacidal antibodies were present but at much lower titres.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Depression
Authors: James W. Jefferson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

This compact (178 pages and loaded with references), readable book is devoted to a condition much in need of higher profile: chronic depression. Only in the minds of insufferable optimists do all depressions follow a clean, crisp course of limited duration and full resolution. More often than not, major depressive disorder is a recurrent condition. In addition, a substantial minority of episodes fail to resolve fully. Dysthymic disorder is, by definition, a chronic low-grade depression of at least two years' duration in adults (one year in children and adolescents). Since each of these disorders has a point prevalence of several percent, it should be apparent that chronic depression is a major health problem. Under the keen editorial supervision of Kocsis and Klein, an impressive cast of contributors has been assembled to address virtually every aspect of chronic depression. Several chapters were adapted from a 1993 issue of<i>Psychiatric Annals</i>on
Myocarditis in Acute Infectious Diseases
Authors: IRVING FINE, HENRY BRAINERD, MAURICE SOKOLOW
Journal: Circulation (1950)

Serial clinical and electrocardiographic studies were carried out on 84 patients suffering from a variety of acute infectious diseases. About one-third were found to have myocarditis on the basis of abnormal electrocardiograms. Abnormal physical findings were usually present. Evidence of congestive heart failure was uncommon. A group of patients subjected to artificial fever therapy did not manifest similar abnormalities.
Lack of Effect of Intraarticular Corticosteroids for Chronic Pain in the Cervical Zygapophyseal Joints
Authors: Leslie Barnsley, Susan M. Lord, Barbara J. Wallis, Nikolai Bogduk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Chronic pain in the cervical zygapophyseal joints is a common problem after a whiplash injury. Treatment with intraarticular injections of corticosteroid preparations has been advocated, but the value of this approach has not been established. We compared the efficacy of a depot injection of a corticosteroid preparation with the efficacy of an injection of a local anesthetic agent in patients with painful cervical zygapophyseal joints.
Opinions for 1973
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Even when they are not busy predicting election results, opinion samplers are not wanting in topics. Recurring favorites are the doctor and health care in general. "What do you think about the medical profession?" — "Do you have confidence in your doctor?" So the familiar questions run.Much to nearly everyone's surprise, doctors do better than anticipated, and certainly much better than one would expect for a group repeatedly charged with major responsibility for the deficiencies of the American health-care system. In the public's eye medicine ranks consistently as the most respected profession, although medicine's lead, according to a recent . . .
Psychological Distress in Parents of Children With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Abby R. Rosenberg, Veronica Dussel, Tammy Kang, J. Russel Geyer, Cynthia A. Gerhardt, Chris Feudtner, Joanne Wolfe
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Parent psychological distress can impact the well-being of childhood cancer patients and other children in the home. Recognizing and alleviating factors of parent distress may improve overall family survivorship experiences following childhood cancer.To describe the prevalence and factors of psychological distress (PD) among parents of children with advanced cancer.Cohort study embedded within a randomized clinical trial (Pediatric Quality of Life and Evaluation of Symptoms Technology [PediQUEST] study).Multicenter study conducted at 3 children's hospitals (Boston Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and Seattle Children's Hospital).Parents of children with advanced (progressive, recurrent, or refractory) cancer.Parental PD, as measured by the Kessler-6 Psychological Distress Scale.Eighty-six of 104 parents completed the Survey About Caring for Children With Cancer (83% participation); 81 parents had complete Kessler-6 Psychological Distress Scale data. More than 50% of parents reported high PD and 16% met criteria for serious PD (compared with US prevalence of 2%-3%). Parent perceptions of prognosis, goals of therapy, child symptoms/suffering, and financial hardship were associated with PD. In multivariate analyses, average parent Kessler-6 Psychological Distress Scale scores were higher among parents who believed their child was suffering highly and who reported great economic hardship. Conversely, PD was significantly lower among parents whose prognostic understanding was aligned with concrete goals of care.Parenting a child with advanced cancer is strongly associated with high to severe levels of PD. Interventions aimed at aligning prognostic understanding with concrete care goals and easing child suffering and financial hardship may mitigate parental PD.
Actinomycin D induces p53-independent cell death and prolongs survival in high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: O Merkel, N Wacht, E Sifft, T Melchardt, F Hamacher, T Kocher, U Denk, J P Hofbauer, A Egle, M Scheideler, M Schlederer, M Steurer, L Kenner, R Greil
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
A piece of my mind. Message from Mahler
Authors: D. Gehlbach
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibodies, hold the light chain
Authors: Richard Robinson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

![Graphic][1] 

A B cell produces functional antibodies (green) that lack light chains. Antibodies don't always need light chains to function, according to Zou et al. (page 

[3271][2]).

In mammalian antibodies, two heavy chains link together to form a Y-shaped complex, with each arm
Induced bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue serves as a general priming site for T cells and is maintained by dendritic cells
Authors: Stephan Halle, Hélène C. Dujardin, Nadja Bakocevic, Henrike Fleige, Heike Danzer, Stefanie Willenzon, Yasemin Suezer, Günter Hämmerling, Natalio Garbi, Gerd Sutter, Tim Worbs, Reinhold Förster
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Mucosal vaccination via the respiratory tract can elicit protective immunity in animal infection models, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. We show that a single intranasal application of the replication-deficient modified vaccinia virus Ankara, which is widely used as a recombinant vaccination vector, results in prominent induction of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). Although initial peribronchiolar infiltrations, characterized by the presence of dendritic cells (DCs) and few lymphocytes, can be found 4 d after virus application, organized lymphoid structures with segregated B and T cell zones are first observed at day 8. After intratracheal application, in vitro–differentiated, antigen-loaded DCs rapidly migrate into preformed BALT and efficiently activate antigen-specific T cells, as revealed by two-photon microscopy. Furthermore, the lung-specific depletion of DCs in mice that express the diphtheria toxin receptor under the control of the CD11c promoter interferes with BALT maintenance. Collectively, these data identify BALT as tertiary lymphoid structures supporting the efficient priming of T cell responses directed against unrelated airborne antigens while crucially requiring DCs for its sustained presence.
Lymphadenectomy in Pelvic Exenteration for Recurrent Cervix Cancer
Authors: Hugh R. K. Barber
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Between 1947 and 1965, a total of 671 patients received pelvic exenteration for cancer of the cervix uteri at the Memorial-James Ewing Hospitals. Among those treated for recurrence after radiation therapy, 166 patients were found to have noninvolved nodes and 97 were found to have involved nodes. Twenty-nine of 166 (17.4%) with noninvolved nodes and five of 97 (5.1%) with involved nodes lived five or more years. Twenty-one of 97 patients (21.6%) died without leaving the hospital, and 86 (88.6%) were dead at the end of two years, most with cancer present. It was concluded from this study that the survival is so poor, the complication rate so high, and in the vast majority, the survival so brief and difficult that pelvic exenteration is logically contraindicated in the group of patients with involved nodes complicating the recurrence.