tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histamine dose-response curves in asthma: relevance of the distinction between PC20 and reactivity in characterising clinical state.
Authors: A Beaupre, J L Malo
Journal: Thorax (1981)

The aim of the present study was to determine if the measurement of the slope of teh histamine dose-response curve (bronchial reactivity) could provide useful information on the clinical state of asthma. Fifteen adult asthmatic subjects were studied twice at an interval of one year. Their clinical state was assessed by comparing their respiratory symptoms, need for medication, and FEV1 on both visits. Histamine inhalation challenges were carried out in a similar manner both times using a standardised procedure. PC20FEV1 (the histamine concentration causing a 20% fall of FEV1) and reactivity were obtained from the dose-response curves. AS others have shown, we found that PC20FEV1 reflects clinical state. Indeed, changes of PC20FEV1 greater than a single two-fold dilution of histamine were shown by five of six patients who were not in a steady clinical state, and by none of the nine patients who were. Changes of PC20FEV1 were significantly (p less than 0.005) more important in those who were not in a steady state in comparison with those who were. The reproducibility of reactivity was slightly better in those individuals who were in a steady clinical state as compared with those who were not. Nevertheless, changes in reactivity did not allow significant differentiation between the two groups of subjects. We conclude that PC20FEV1 is a more helpful index than reactivity in characterising the clinical state of asthmatics.
Sexual Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders: Diagnosis, Management, and Rehabilitation
Authors: Kurt A. Jaeckle
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The authors of this monograph should be commended for their efforts in gleaning information about sexual dysfunction in the neurological patient from a large body of literature that has never comprehensively reviewed this subject. A foreword by Dr Norman Geschwind precedes discussion of a systematic approach to an aspect of neurology that is commonly ignored in the clinical setting. A review of basic anatomic, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacologic functions of the male and female sexual systems sets the stage for a discussion of an approach to patients with sexual disorders. Clinical evaluation of the closely related bladder and bowel functions is stressed, and practical tests of autonomic nervous system function are discussed. The largest chapter explores specific disease states affecting sexual function and is arranged anatomically, beginning with diseases affecting peripheral nerves and then ascending sequentially to disorders affecting higher nervous system function. Succinct summaries of the effects of drugs, epilepsy,
P451Pulsatile pressure-induced myogenic response is impaired by aging in mouse cerebral arteries
Authors: Z Springo, P Toth, S Tarantini, Z Tucsek, WE Sonntag, A Csiszar, Z Ungvari, A Koller
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Aging is associated with increased incidence of cerebrovascular disorders, but the age-dependent changes in local vasomotor mechanisms are not completely understood. Myogenic autoregulation of cerebral vessels in response to static changes in perfusion pressure protects the microcirculation from high pressure and volume. However, it was recently shown that aging impairs static myogenic regulation of cerebral blood flow, responses of cerebral vessels to pulsatile pressure, especially in aging are not known. Thus, we tested the hypotheses that aging impairs myogenic responses of cerebral arteries to pulsatile pressure. Methods and Results: Isolated and cannulated middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were isolated from young (3 mo) and aged (24 mo) C57BL/6 mice. Both young and aged MCAs developed similar myogenic tone in response to stepwise, steady-state increases in intraluminal P. Also, young MCAs exhibited significant myogenic adaptation to sinusoidal pulsatile P (amplitude: 40 mmHg, frequency: 450/min). While in myogenic-inactive MCAs each P pulse elicited a ∼7% distension in synchrony with the pulsatile P, in young myogenic-active MCAs the amplitude of the diameter changes induced by the P pulses in the autoregulated P range was significantly attenuated (∼2%). The mean P-myogenic tone curve was similar in young MCAs exposed to constant and pulsatile P. In aged MCAs the cyclic changes in diameter induced by the P pulses were increased (∼4%) and development of myogenic tone in response to pulsatile P was impaired. Conclusion: Collectively, aging impairs myogenic adaptation of cerebral arteries to pulsatile P, which likely promotes the development of cerebromicrovascular injury, such as cerebral microbleeds and blood brain barrier disruption by allowing high P to penetrate the distal portion of the cerebral microcirculation.
Successful Renal Transplantation in Patients Positive for Hepatitis B Antigen
Authors: Satya N. Chatterjee, John E. Payne, Margaret D. Bischel, Allan G. Redeker, Thomas V. Berne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Abstract We examined the effect of hepatitis B antigenemia on the outcome of renal allografts. Sixteen of 116 renal-allograft recipients were hepatitis antigen (HBs Ag) positive before transplantation. These HBs AG-positive patients had a graft survival of 60.3 and 30.2 per cent at one and two years. The mortality in the positive group was 18.9 per cent, and that in the negative patients was 19.8 per cent. The results of post-transplant hepatic tests in the two groups were similar. In seven other patients HBs Ag positivity was detected after transplantation. They did not differ from other patients with transplants in either hepatic or graft function. The mean period of post-transplant HBs Ag positivity was 16.5 months in this group of 23 patients. HBs Ag antigenemia acquired before transplantation or in the post-transplant period could not be correlated with hepatic dysfunction or poor graft survival. (N Engl J Med 291:62–65, 1974)
TCT-444 Efficacy of Anterograde Interventional Gene Delivery with Different AAV Serotypes in a Pre-Clinical Large Animal Model
Authors: Felix Woitek, Anna M. Kulczycki, MaryKathryn Hurst, Jeffrey C. Powers, Abdelkarim Sabri, Joseph Rabinowitz, Gerhard Schuler, Axel Linke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
POT1 loss-of-function variants predispose to familial melanoma
Authors: Carla Daniela Robles-Espinoza, Mark Harland, Andrew J Ramsay, Lauren G Aoude, Víctor Quesada, Zhihao Ding, Karen A Pooley, Antonia L Pritchard, Jessamy C Tiffen, Mia Petljak, Jane M Palmer, Judith Symmons, Peter Johansson, Mitchell S Stark, Michael G Gartside, Helen Snowden, Grant W Montgomery, Nicholas G Martin, Jimmy Z Liu, Jiyeon Choi, Matthew Makowski, Kevin M Brown, Alison M Dunning, Thomas M Keane, Carlos López-Otín, Nelleke A Gruis, Nicholas K Hayward, D Timothy Bishop, Julia A Newton-Bishop, David J Adams
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Regional myocardial blood flow response to pacing tachycardia and to dipyridamole infusion in patients with subclinical dilated cardiomyopathy: A quantitative assessment by positron emission tomography
Authors: Oberdan Parodi, Danilo Neglia, Claudio Marcassa, Gianmario Sambuceti, Piero Salvadori, Riccardo Bellina, Lucio Fusani, Rodolfo Frenceschini, Oreste Sorase
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Early-Life Allergen Exposure and Atopy, Asthma, and Wheeze up to 6 Years of Age
Authors: Matias Torrent, Jordi Sunyer, Raquel Garcia, Jessica Harris, Maria V. Iturriaga, Carme Puig, Oriol Vall, Josep M. Anto, Anthony J. Newman Taylor, Paul Cullinan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Although it is widely assumed that the incidence of childhood respiratory allergies to common aeroallergens is directly related to allergen exposure in early life, few longitudinal studies have investigated this issue, and available data are scarce and mainly limited to high-risk groups.To assess, in a prospective manner and in a general population, the role of early life exposures to Der p1 and Fel d1 on the inception of sensitization and asthma.Pregnant women and their children were recruited for the Asthma Multicentre Infant Cohort Study. Overall, 1,611 newborns were initially enrolled in three cohorts in the United Kingdom and Spain. Der p1 and Fel d1 allergens were measured in household dust samples at 3 months of age for 1,474 (91.5%) participants, and skin prick tests were performed at 6 years of age on 1,182 (80.2%) participants. Wheeze and diagnosed asthma were reported in yearly questionnaires.Exposure to Der p1 early in life was not related to a positive specific prick test or to asthma or persistent wheeze at 6 years of age. Fel d1 showed an association with all these outcomes (third vs. first tertile; odds ratio, 4.43 for positive specific prick test and 2.6 for diagnosed asthma).Dose-response relationships between allergen exposure and sensitization or asthma may be allergen specific and nonlinear; a minimum threshold level is needed to induce sensitization, but no dose-response relationship exists above this level. The effect of a particular allergen seems to be similar on atopy and asthma inception.
Diabetes drug withdrawn after reports of hepatic events
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The new diabetes drug troglitazone (Romozin) has been withdrawn from the market in Britain after an increasing number of reports of severe hepatic adverse events. The Food and Drug Administration in the United States, however, has decided that the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks, provided that patients receiving troglitazone are monitored frequently for …
Abstract 495: Immune response to XAGE-1b (GAGED2a) in NSCLC patients and its clinical relevance.
Authors: Yoshihiro Ohue, Koji Kurose, Shingo Eikawa, Yu Mizote, Hirofumi Matsumoto, Midori Isobe, Akiko Uenaka, Minoru Fukuda, Eiichi Nakayama, Mikio Oka
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BACKGROUND:XAGE-1bis a cancer/testis (CT) antigen expressed highly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with restricted expressiononly in testis in normal tissues. In this study, we investigated correlation of intensity of humoral and cellular immune responses against XAGE-1b and itsclinical relevance in NSCLC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Peripheral bloodwas obtained from NSCLC patients who visited Kawasaki Medical School Hospital between 2005 and 2012 under written informed consent. Antibody response to XAGE-1bwas analyzed by ELISA using synthesized XAGE-1b protein. CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses were examined by IFN-γ ELISA and/or IFN-γcapture assay by FACS using 12-mer or 16-merXAGE-1b-overlapping peptides (OLPs) spanning the entire XAGE-1b (GAGED2a) protein. RESULTS: Antibody positive frequencies of total 362 NSCLC, 220 lung adenocarcinoma and 85 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients were 8.8% (32/362), 12.7% (28/220) and 1.2% (1/85), respectively. With antibody positive NSCLC patients, the patients showing high, intermediate and low antibody response was 7, 20 and 5, respectively. The frequency of XAGE-1b-reactive CD4 T-cells in patients showing high, intermediate and low antibody response was 5.5 ±2.1 x 10−5, 1.5 ±0.7 x 10−5 and &amp;lt; 1.1 x 10−5, respectively. The frequency of XAGE-1b-reactive CD8 T-cells was 6.9 ±1.6 x 10−6, 4.6 ±1.6 x 10−6 and &amp;lt; 1.1 x 10−6, respectively. The frequency of cytotoxic CD8 T-cells in IFN-γ secreting CD8 T-cells in response to XAGE-1b-peptide-pulsed autologous EBV-B cells in patients showing high and intermediate antibody responses was 59.0% and 4.8%, respectively.We evaluated overall survival (OS) time with 120 stage IIIB/IV lung adenocarcinoma patients. Median OS were 32.3 and 14.4 months in antibody-positive and negative patients(P-.039). There was no significant differencewith 1-year survival rate in antibody-positive (68.7%) and negative (55.6%)patients, but was significant with 3-year survival rate in 34.8% and 14.1% respectively. Furthermore, univariate and multivariable analyses showed XAGE-1b antibody response was independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION:Our findings indicate that CT antigen XAGE-1b is highly immunogenic in NSCLC patients inducing antibody, and CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses and the immune response against XAGE-1b is beneficial for prognosis. Citation Format: Yoshihiro Ohue, Koji Kurose, Shingo Eikawa, Yu Mizote, Hirofumi Matsumoto, Midori Isobe, Akiko Uenaka, Minoru Fukuda, Eiichi Nakayama, Mikio Oka. Immune response to XAGE-1b (GAGED2a) in NSCLC patients and its clinical relevance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 495. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-495
Mechanisms of fixed coupled ventricular ectopic complexes
Authors: C W VELLANI, A MURRAY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1983)

Mechanisms of fixed coupled ventricular ectopic complexes (VECs) were studied in the monitoring ECGs of 7 patients with the aid of a special purpose computer. Over 80% of the 4500 fixed coupled VECs studied had coupling intervals restricted to a range of 120 ms. The actual coupling interval varied between subjects. No special part of diastole exhibited the property of fixation. In five patients there was evidence of parasystole despite the fixed coupling. In two of these the ectopic period was clearly different from the sinus period. In the other three a difference was evident between inter-ectopic and sinus intervals, but the ectopic period could not be determined due to absence of short inter-ectopic intervals. Absence of some intervals was due to exit block or consistent coincidence of ectopic stimuli with ventricular refractoriness. In all five patients the inter-ectopic intervals showed progressive adjustment so as to become equal to a multiple of the sinus period. The coupling interval, which indicated the preferred phase relationship of the two rhythms, was altered by small changes in the sinus period. These adjustments were greater manifestations of the synchronising effects, already described, of sinus rhythm on a ventricular parasystolic rhythm. By contrast the VECs of two other patients exhibited very different characteristics. In one, the VECs restricted to 40 ms after the T wave in early diastole were probably due to ventricular re-excitation. In the other, runs of idioventricular rhythm and VECs in late diastole were due to an escape pacemaker rhythm.
Stillbirth and Lessons for Pregnancy Care
Authors: Jay D. Iams, Courtney D. Lynch
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Failure of the broadcaster's duty of care
Authors: C. M. Free, N. S. Hopkinson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The ITV show I’m a Celebrity Get Me Out of Here! has recently been back on UK television. Celebrity contestants live a basic existence in the Australian jungle, deprived of comforts and given only meagre food rations. One thing that is not limited, however, is the supply of cigarettes. …
Pretreatment Peripheral Blood Counts in Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Maurie Markman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Bruckner et al have reported recently (1982;247:1004) that pretreatment peripheral blood counts significantly influence survival in patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated with chemotherapy. Similarly, the negative influence of an elevated WBC count (&gt;12,000/cu mm) on the course of patients with metastatic colon cancer has been noted.<sup>1</sup> In an effort to determine if peripheral blood counts will assist in evaluating prognosis in small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL), a solid tumor treated principally with chemotherapy, the records of 93 patients with SCCL treated at The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, from September 1977 to March 1981 were evaluated. The criteria used by the Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (GITSG) in separating patients into good (granulocytes, &lt;6,000/cu mm; lymphocytes, &gt;1500/cu mm; monocytes, 300 to 900/cu mm) and poor (granulocytes, &gt;6000/cu mm; lymphocytes, &lt;1,500/cu mm; monocytes, &lt;300 or &gt;900/cu mm) prognostic groups were utilized. All peripheral blood counts were
Reduced cross-protection against influenza A(H3N2) subgroup 3C.2a and 3C.3a viruses among Finnish healthcare workers vaccinated with 2013/14 seasonal influenza vaccine
Authors: A Haveri, N Ikonen, I Julkunen, A Kantele, V J Anttila, E Ruotsalainen, H Nohynek, O Lyytikäinen, C Savolainen-Kopra
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Virus strains in the seasonal influenza vaccine for the 2014/15 northern hemisphere season remained unchanged from those in 2013/14. During spring 2014, drifted influenza A(H3N2) viruses, subgroup 3C.3a, were detected in Finland; another subgroup, 3C.2a, emerged in the 2014/15 season and has predominated. We monitored antibody responses against vaccine and epidemic strains (2013/14 and 2014/15) among Finnish healthcare workers after influenza vaccination with the 2013/14 vaccine. The data suggest reduced cross-protection towards both subgroups of drifted A(H3N2) viruses.
Value of Combined Interpretation of Computed Tomography Response and Positron Emission Tomography Response for Prediction of Prognosis After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ho Yun Lee, Hyun Ju Lee, Young Tae Kim, Chang Hyun Kang, Bo Gun Jang, Doo Hyun Chung, Jin Mo Goo, Chang Min Park, Chang Hyun Lee, Keon Wook Kang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Stereotyped B-cell receptors in one-third of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a molecular classification with implications for targeted therapies
Authors: Andreas Agathangelidis, Nikos Darzentas, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Xavier Brochet, Fiona Murray, Xiao-Jie Yan, Zadie Davis, Ellen J. van Gastel-Mol, Cristina Tresoldi, Charles C. Chu, Nicola Cahill, Veronique Giudicelli, Boris Tichy, Lone Bredo Pedersen, Letizia Foroni, Lisa Bonello, Agnieszka Janus, Karin Smedby, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Helene Merle-Beral, Nikolaos Laoutaris, Gunnar Juliusson, Paola Francia di Celle, Sarka Pospisilova, Jesper Jurlander, Christian Geisler, Athanasios Tsaftaris, Marie-Paule Lefranc, Anton W. Langerak, David Graham Oscier, Nicholas Chiorazzi, Chrysoula Belessi, Frederic Davi, Richard Rosenquist, Paolo Ghia, Kostas Stamatopoulos
Journal: Blood (2012)
Generalists and Specialists
Authors: Thomas J. Ruane
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  The failure of internal medicine residency programs to produce substantial numbers of generalist v subspecialty internists has been the subject of much discussion, including the recent commentary inThe Journalby Dr Davidson. A factor that seems to me a major one in dissuading residents from the generalists track is that in such a career they would, from a resident's perspective, face a lifetime of diminishing competence.  To illustrate that, I ask you to consider this question: If you were acutely ill with diabetic ketoacidosis, pneumonia, and a complicated myocardial infarction, were admitted to a University Medical Center, and could choose only one physician to provide your care, who would it be? For me the answer is simple. I would choose the chief medical resident. I would do so because in the world of the complex acutely ill patients of the teaching hospital medical wards, he or
Hemodynamic and metabolic response after abrupt uithdrawal of long-term propranolol.
Authors: J H Myers, L D Horwitz
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Because the mechanism of adverse reactions to abrupt withdrawal of propranolol in patients with coronary disease is an enigma, we studied the effect of cessation of propranolol on beta receptor reactivity to catecholamine stimulation. Heart rate and maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressur (dP/dt max) during isoproterenol infusions and plasma free fatty acids (FFAs) after epinephrine infusions were measured in six conscious dogs before, during and after four weeks of oral propranolol (40 mg p.o. q8h). Rises in heart rate, dP/dt max and FFAs were blocked during propanolol administration. Twenty-four hours after withdrawal from propranolol, heart rate and dP/dt max responses remained significantly attenuated, although FFA responses were at premedication levels. The 72-hour, 96-hour and one week postmedication responses did not differ from premedication values. Thus, partial beta blockade of the heart was still present at 24 hours and no evidence of heightened beta receptor sensitivity was detected on repeated study one week after withdrawal from a long-term, high dose propranolol regimen.
Potent vasoconstriction mediated by endothelin ETB receptors in canine coronary arteries.
Authors: J R Teerlink, V Breu, U Sprecher, M Clozel, J P Clozel
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Endothelin (ET) 1 is a powerful vasoconstrictor of coronary arteries and may play a role in coronary spasm, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. Previous studies have demonstrated that intracoronary ET caused marked vasoconstriction of the coronary circulation; however, it remains unclear which ET receptor types are present and which of these receptors mediate this vasoconstriction. To characterize the ET receptors present in dog coronary arteries, competition binding assays with radiolabeled ET-1 using ET-1, ET-3, ETA receptor antagonist BQ-123, and sarafotoxin S6c were performed. Three binding sites were apparent in the left circumflex coronary artery: an ETA receptor, a high-affinity ETB receptor, and a lower-affinity ETB receptor. To investigate the in vivo effects of ETB receptor stimulation, intracoronary sarafotoxin S6c, a highly selective ETB agonist, was administered in anesthetized open-chest dogs in a constant-pressure coronary artery perfusion model. Sarafotoxin S6c doses of 0.1 and 0.3 microgram caused a transient pronounced decrease in coronary resistance. Doses of 1.0 and 3.0 micrograms caused marked decreases in coronary diameter and blood flow, as well as myocardial segmental shortening. These effects of sarafotoxin S6c were not inhibited by constant infusion of BQ-123. The present study demonstrates the presence of ETB receptors in the canine coronary circulation that can mediate both vasodilation and vasoconstriction. These findings have important implications for an understanding of the pathophysiological function of ET in the coronary vasculature and for the development of therapeutically effective ET antagonists.