tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Volunteer Clinic Caveats
Authors: Lawrence C. Kleinman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I believe that any physician who volunteers to work with the indigent should take that commitment no less seriously than if money were changing hands. The Venice (Calif) Family Clinic turns the commitment of over 200 volunteer physicians into health care for an underserved population. One part of physician advocacy is taking indigent patients seriously and treating them respectfully; it is a cruel hoax to promise care and then not to provide it. I have addressed the issue of treating indigent patients with respect, with specific reference to an urban pediatric practice.<sup>1</sup>I believe the general principles of practice I suggest in that article are applicable to a broad range of underserved patients. In return for their efforts, volunteer physicians may themselves benefit from exposure to patients who present with different morbidity,
Ultrafine Particles Exert Prothrombotic but Not Inflammatory Effects on the Hepatic Microcirculation in Healthy Mice In Vivo
Authors: Andrej Khandoga, Andreas Stampfl, Shinji Takenaka, Holger Schulz, Roman Radykewicz, Wolfgang Kreyling, Fritz Krombach
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Air pollution episodes are strongly associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The effect of ultrafine particles (UFPs), when translocated after inhalation, on the microcirculation of extrapulmonary organs remains unclear.In C57BL/6 mice, either carbon black UFPs (1x10(7) and 5x10(7)) or vehicle was infused intra-arterially. Two hours after infusion, platelet- and leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, sinusoidal perfusion, endothelial fibrin(ogen) deposition, and phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells were analyzed by intravital video fluorescence microscopy in the liver microvasculature. Expression of fibrin(ogen), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and P-selectin on hepatic endothelium was determined by immunostaining. Apoptotic cells were quantified in TUNEL-stained tissue sections. Application of UFPs caused significantly enhanced platelet accumulation on endothelium of postsinusoidal venules and sinusoids in healthy mice. UFP-induced platelet adhesion was not preceded by platelet rolling but was strongly associated with fibrin deposition and an increase in vWF expression on the endothelial surface. In contrast, inflammatory parameters such as the number of rolling/adherent leukocytes, P-selectin expression/translocation, and the number of apoptotic cells were not elevated 2 hours after UFP exposure. In addition, UFPs did not affect sinusoidal perfusion and Kupffer cell function.UFPs induce platelet accumulation in the hepatic microvasculature of healthy mice that is associated with prothrombotic changes on the endothelial surface of hepatic microvessels. Accumulation of particles in the liver exerts a strong procoagulatory impact but does not trigger an inflammatory reaction and does not induce microvascular/hepatocellular tissue injury.
Intersection of the complement and immune systems: a signal transduction complex of the B lymphocyte-containing complement receptor type 2 and CD19.
Authors: A K Matsumoto, J Kopicky-Burd, R H Carter, D A Tuveson, T F Tedder, D T Fearon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

The complement system augments the humoral immune response, possibly by a mechanism that involves the B lymphocyte membrane receptor, CR2, which binds the C3dg fragment of C3 and triggers several B cell responses in vitro. The present study demonstrates that CR2 associates with a complex of membrane proteins that may mediate signal transduction by ligated CR2. Monoclonal antibodies to CR2 immunoprecipitated from digitonin lysates of Raji B lymphoblastoid cells a membrane complex containing CR2, approximately equimolar amounts of CD19, which is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and three unidentified components: p130, p50, and p20. The complex, which was immunoprecipitated also with anti-CD19, could be dissociated by Nonidet P-40, accounting for its absence in previous studies of CR2. Expression of recombinant CR2 and CD19 in K562 erythroleukemia cells led to formation of a complex that contained not only these two proteins but also p130, p50, and p20, and another component, p14. These unidentified components of the CR2/CD19 complex coimmunoprecipitated with CD19 and not with CR2 from singly transfected cells, indicating primary association with the former. CD19 replicated the capacity of CR2 to interact synergistically with mIgM for increasing free intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that the complex mediates this function of CR2. Therefore, CR2 associates directly with CD19 to become a ligand-binding subunit of a pre-existing signal transduction complex of the B cell that may be representative of a family of membrane protein complexes. This interaction between the complement and immune systems differs from that between immunoglobulin and Clq by involving membrane rather than plasma proteins, and by having complement involved in the afferent phase of the immune response.
Midgut carcinoids and solid carcinomas of the intestine: Differences in endocrine markers and p53 mutations
Authors: Peder Weckström, Anders Hedrum, Charlie Makridis, Göran Åkerström, Jonas Rastad, Lena Scheibenpflug, Mattias Uhlén, Claes Juhlin, Erik Wilander
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1996)
Polyelectrolyte LbL microcapsules versus PLGA microparticles for immunization with a protein antigen
Authors: Marie-Luce De Temmerman, Joanna Rejman, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke, Stefaan De Koker, Claude Libert, Johan Grooten, Jo Demeester, Bruno Gander, Stefaan C. De Smedt
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Mother-Infant Bonding: A Scientific Fiction
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This book uses the issue of maternal-infant bonding to illustrate what is now a truism in the sociology of medicine, but one that cannot be repeated enough: often ideology is more critical than data in both popular and scientific acceptance of certain research findings. A decade ago Stephen Jay Gould offered a thorough and compelling historical demonstration of this point in<i>The Mismeasure of Man</i>. Diane Eyer's book is a welcome attempt to explore the realworld implications of this academic theory. It is a theory that is also relevant to other areas of medicine, such as the acceptance of "new diseases" or nutritional doctrines. Studies and assertions that correspond to societal prejudices, values, or wishes are accepted as scientific truth even in the absence of valid and reliable evidence. Eyer, a psychology teacher at the University of Pennsylvania's Graduate School of Education, maintains in this book that widespread acceptance of
Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Intravascular Extension: Ga-67 Scintigraphic Findings
Authors: JOHN NGUYEN, PANUKORN VASINRAPEE, ROBERT COOK, EDGAR SURPRENANT, MICHAEL SPIETH, MICHAEL WILSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

To the authors' knowledge, extension of hepatocellular carcinoma into vascular structures demonstrated by Ga-67 scintigraphy has not been reported. Presented is a case that demonstrates Ga-67 uptake not only by the tumor within the liver but also by the tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava.
A case of Sezary's syndrome associated with granulomatous lesions, myelodysplastic syndrome and transformation into CD30-positive large-cell pleomorphic lymphoma
Authors: P.M. Carrozza, W. Kempf, D.V. Kazakov, R. Dummer, G. Burg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article A case of Sézary's syndrome associated with granulomatous lesions, myelodysplastic syndrome and transformation into CD30‐positive large‐cell pleomorphic lymphoma Get access P.M. Carrozza, P.M. Carrozza Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Medical School, Gloriastr. 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Kempf, W. Kempf Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Medical School, Gloriastr. 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.V. Kazakov, D.V. Kazakov Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Medical School, Gloriastr. 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Dummer, R. Dummer Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Medical School, Gloriastr. 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Burg G. Burg Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich Medical School, Gloriastr. 31, CH‐8091 Zurich, Switzerland Prof Günter Burg MD E‐mail: burg@derm.unizh.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 3, 1 September 2002, Pages 582–586, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04839.x Published: 01 September 2002 Article history Accepted: 31 January 2002 Published: 01 September 2002
Renal Hypertension Due to Hydronephrosis with Normal Plasma Renin Activity
Authors: John M. Palmer, Franklin G. Zweiman, Tatiana A. Assaykeen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

UNILATERAL hydronephrosis is not a frequent cause of renal hypertension. In a recent report by Belman et al.1 an abdominal pregnancy resulted in unilateral ureteral obstruction and hypertension. Elevated plasma renin levels were demonstrated in the renal vein of the hydronephrotic kidney. After corrective ureteral surgery hypertension was resolved, with subsequent return of renin levels to normal. We have recently managed a young hypertensive azotemic patient with hydronephrosis of a solitary kidney. Surgical revision of the obstructive ureteropelvic junction returned renal function and blood pressure to normal levels. Despite the apparent relation of hypertension to hydronephrosis in this case, preoperative . . .
Summit supports halving of number of hungry by 2015
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Heads of state and other officials from more than 180 nations, meeting in Rome last week, have reiterated their plan to halve the number of the world's hungry from 800 million to 400 million by 2015 in an attempt to raise more funds for the initiative first mooted five years ago.

But the meeting was dubbed “the summit of the poor” by Dr Jacques Diouf, the director general of the United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organisation (which organised the summit) because so few Western leaders attended.

The only two representatives from the 29 countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) were Italy's prime minister Silvio Berlusconi, hosting the summit, and Spain's Jose Maria Aznar, obliged to attend because Spain holds the European Union's rotating …
The Mechanism of Respiratory Variation in Splitting of the Second Heart Sound
Authors: ROBERT F. CASTLE, KENNETH L. JONES
Journal: Circulation (1961)

This study of 68 normal children has shown that in the supine position and under conditions of normal respiration splitting of the second sound averages .02 second in expiration and .04 second in inspiration. Inspiratory increase in splitting of the second sound is the result not only of a delay in pulmonic valve closure but also of earlier aortic closure. Movement of the aortic component is responsible, on the average, for 35 per cent of the difference in splitting of the second sound in inspiration and expiration.
The eighth wonder of the world: the mythology of concussion management
Authors: P McCrory
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1999)

The eighth wonder of the world: the mythology of concussion management Paul McCroryIn sports medicine, doctors and others providing athletic care recognise and manage a spectrum of brain injury.Unlike severe brain injury, however, the management of concussion is mostly derived from anecdotal experience.In many cases current management practices have more in common with mythology than science.
Localization of Ventricular Tachycardia Exit Site and Subsequent Contraction Sequence and Functional Effects With Bedside Radionuclide Angiography
Authors: Elias Botvinick, Jesse Davis, Michael Dae, John O'Connell, Norberto Schechtmann, Joseph Abbott, Fred Morady, Peter Lanzer, John Iskikian, Melvin Scheinman
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2008)
Hepatocellular carcinoma in primary biliary cirrhosis: report of four cases.
Authors: N Krasner, P J Johnson, B Portmann, G Watkinson, R N Macsween, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1979)

Of 98 patients dying with primary biliary cirrhosis only four developed hepatocellular carcinoma. It is suggested that the development of hepatocellular carcinoma is uncommon in this type of chronic liver disease because of its known female preponderance, and the fact that cirrhosis develops late in the course of the illness.
SPECT/CT Imaging in Ulnocarpal Impaction Syndrome
Authors: Senri Ito, Yuka Yamamoto, Takashi Tanii, Fumitoshi Aga, Yoshihiro Nishiyama
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a 42-year-old man who presented with ulnar-sided wrist pain. MR image revealed bone marrow edema in the lunate bone. Ulnocarpal impaction syndrome was diagnosed by MRI and arthrography. Bone scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the wrist. SPECT/CT with 2- and 3-dimensional reconstruction images clearly demonstrated abnormal accumulation on the ulnar side of the lunate bone.
Fibrin Derived from Patients with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension Is Resistant to Lysis
Authors: Timothy A. Morris, James J. Marsh, Peter G. Chiles, William R. Auger, Peter F. Fedullo, Virgil L. Woods
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Although acute pulmonary embolism is epidemiologically associated with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, the factors responsible for resistance to thrombolysis and a shift toward vascular remodeling within the pulmonary arteries of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension are unknown.Determine whether fibrin from patients is more resistant to plasmin-mediated lysis than fibrin from healthy control subjects.Fibrinogen purified from patients and control subjects was used to prepare fibrin clots, which were subsequently digested with plasmin for various periods of time. The degradation of the alpha-, beta-, and gamma-chains of fibrin and the appearance of peptide fragments over time were assessed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting.Densitometry of Coomassie-stained gels revealed significantly slower cleavage of all three polypeptide chains of fibrin from patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.05). In particular, release of N-terminal fragments from the beta-chain of fibrin, which promote cell signaling, cell migration, and angiogenesis, was retarded in patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.01).The relative resistance of patient fibrin to plasmin-mediated lysis may be due to alterations in fibrin(ogen) structure affecting accessibility to plasmin cleavage sites. The persistence of structural motifs of fibrin, such as the beta-chain N-terminus, within the pulmonary vasculature could promote the transition from acute thromboemboli into chronic obstructive vascular scars.
The Pathology of Homicide: A Vade Mecum for Pathologist, Prosecutor and Defense Counsel
Authors: David M. Spain
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Even though the earliest use of forensic medicine had to do with the determination of suicide, which from the early days was regarded as a crime against God or a community of people, nowadays one tends to relate the principal function of the forensic pathologist almost entirely with the identification of murder. Almost all previous texts on forensic pathology had been general in nature, presenting the material in a form to facilitate differential diagnosis from the following categories of death: natural, suicidal, accidental, and homicide. This most recent book on forensic pathology presents the subject, with its focus essentially on homicide. In one sense, this is advantageous because much more attention can be given to the methods used in the autopsy detection of murder and its various causes such as firearms, stabbing, blunt violence, poisons, criminal abortion, incendiary causes, and physical abuse of children. There are two especially excellent chapters.
Blood Pressure and Hematocrit in Diabetes and the Role of Endothelial Responses in the Variability of Blood Viscosity
Authors: Beatriz Y. Salazar-Vazquez, Marcos Intaglietta, Martha Rodríguez-Morán, Fernando Guerrero-Romero
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

To investigate the relationship between mean arterial blood pressure and hematocrit in a population of treated diabetic patients and a control population of healthy individuals.Data on hematocrit and blood pressure were obtained from 129 diabetic subjects (87 women and 42 men) and 103 healthy subjects (76 women and 27 men) enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Alcohol consumption, ischemic heart disease, stroke, neoplasia, renal, hepatic, and chronic inflammatory disease were exclusion criteria.The hematocrit of diabetic patients ranged from 0.35 to 0.52, and blood pressure had a bimodal distribution described by a second-order polynomial (P < 0.001), whereby elevated pressures correlated with low and high hematocrit, while the minimum average pressure was at hematocrit 0.43. Hematocrit of normal control subjects (range 0.28-0.55) was uncorrelated to blood pressure (averaged 99.7 +/- 9.7 mmHg). High blood pressure, low hematocrit diabetic subjects up to the minimum average hematocrit of 0.43 had a negative correlation (P < 0.0001) between these variables.Our findings are compatible with the hypothesis that diabetic patients present normal responses to hematocrit variation and therefore blood viscosity and shear stress in mediating the release of vasodilators and lack the ability to autoregulate blood pressure relative to differences in hematocrit by comparison to nondiabetic subjects. These findings also suggest that the treatment of diabetes should target maintaining an optimal hematocrit in order to lower cardiovascular risk.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PROXIMITY OF LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITIONS TO THE LATEST SITE OF ACTIVATION AND RESPONSE TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY: HOW CLOSE DO YOU NEED TO BE?
Authors: Fakhar Z. Khan, Munmohan S. Virdee, Philip A. Read, Peter J. Pugh, Simon P. Fynn, David P. Dutka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Oxygen-Derived Free Radical Stress Activates Nonselective Cation Current in Guinea Pig Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Rita I. Jabr, William C. Cole
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Oxygen-derived free radicals (O-Rs) cause alterations in cardiac electrical activity, including sustained depolarization, which may contribute to arrhythmic activity in reperfusion after ischemia. The ionic current(s) and cellular mechanism(s) underlying the sustained depolarization are not well defined. We used the whole-cell variant of the patch-clamp technique to study sustained depolarization in guinea pig ventricular myocytes during the extracellular application of O-Rs (generating system: dihydroxyfumaric acid, 3 to 6 mmol/L; FeCl 3 /ADP, 0.05:0.5 mmol/L). Myocytes superfused with O-Rs (pipette EGTA, 0.1 mmol/L) showed (1) sustained depolarization to between −40 and −10 mV, (2) oscillations in membrane potential, and (3) triggered activity. The depolarization resulted from an increase in quasi–steady state difference current reversing at ≈−18 mV, and the oscillations were due to transient inward current. The latter were inhibited with ryanodine (10 μmol/L) or high pipette EGTA (5 mmol/L), but the steady state current was unaffected. Nonselective cation current (I NSC ) (recorded with Cs + , Li + , and Mg 2+ replacing K + , Na + , and Ca 2+ , respectively; 20 mmol/L tetraethylammonium chloride [TEA] and 5 mmol/L BAPTA in the pipette solution and 10 mmol/L TEA, 10 μmol/L tetrodotoxin, and 10 μmol/L nicardipine in the bath solution) was activated by O-Rs; the increase in current was unaffected by preventing changes in [Ca 2+ ] i but was inhibited with dithiothreitol. Oxidizing agents (diamide and thimerosal) or caffeine (pipette EGTA, 0.1 mmol/L) produced a similar increase in membrane conductance. I NSC activated with O-Rs, oxidizing agents, or caffeine was sensitive to SK&amp;F 96365. O-R treatment was without effect when I NSC was already activated with caffeine. The data suggest that (1) extracellular O-Rs activate a Ca 2+ -sensitive I NSC in the absence of changes in [Ca 2+ ] i , (2) oxidative modification of extracellular sulfhydryl groups may be involved, and (3) this mechanism is different from the Ca 2+ -dependent activation of I NSC by intracellular O-Rs, indicating that O-Rs may alter ion channel activity by differential mechanisms, depending on the compartment, extracellular or intracellular, in which they are present.
Treatment of encephalopathy during fulminant hepatic failure by haemodialysis with high permeability membrane.
Authors: J Denis, P Opolon, V Nusinovici, A Granger, F Darnis
Journal: Gut (1978)

Forty-one patients with fulminant hepatic failure and coma underwent 180 periods of haemodialysis with polyacrylonitrile membrane (AN 69 HD). Hepatic failure was due to viral hepatitis in 40 and drugs in one. Total recovery of consciousness occurred in 17 patients (43.6%), and partial in seven (17.9%)--that is, an overall figure of 61.5%. Regain of consciousness was not related to liver regeneration as assessed by levels of factor V and hepatocyte volume fraction. At the time of the first haemodialysis, neurological status was significantly impaired in the patients who could not be aroused. Mean duration of coma grade IV averaged 6.1 +/- 4.3 days and mean duration of illness until death or decerebration 8.6 +/- 8.3 days. Of the 17 patients who totally regained consciousness, nine recovered and eight died (three from intercurrent complications and five with no liver regeneration).
Folic Acid Requirements in Pregnancy-Induced Megaloblastic Anemia
Authors: Jack A. Pritchard, Daniel E. Scott, Peggy J. Whalley
Journal: JAMA (1969)

After delivery of the fetus and placenta, women with pregnancy-induced megaloblastic anemia due to folate deficiency responded to the administration of as little as 50μg of folic acid per day while they were receiving a low folate diet. The presence of a fetus and placenta increased the amount of folic acid necessary to induce a comparable hematological response to 0.5 mg/day or somewhat more. One milligram of folic acid uniformly produced a satisfactory hematological response prior to delivery even when pregnancy requirements were augmented further by twin fetuses or chronic hemolysis. Consequently, daily supplementation with 1 mg of folic acid during pregnancy should protect all pregnant women against folate deficiency including those with multiple fetuses, chronic hemolysis, and repetitive megaloblastic anemia.