tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Importance of persistent cellular and humoral immune changes before diabetes develops: prospective study of identical twins
Authors: R Y M Tun, M Peakman, L Alviggi, M J Hussain, S S S Lo, M Shattock, D A Pyke, G F Bottazzo, D Vergani, R D G Leslie
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To determine the pattern of cellular and humoral immune changes associated with insulin dependent diabetes before diabetes develops.Prospective study over 10 years of 25 non-diabetic identical twins of patients with insulin dependent diabetes. The non-diabetic twins were followed up either till they developed diabetes or to the end of the study.Teaching hospital.25 non-diabetic identical cotwins of patients with diabetes; 46 controls of the same sex and similar age tested over the same period. Of the 25 twins (total follow up 144 patient years), 10 developed diabetes (prediabetic twins); the remainder were followed up for a mean of 7.7 years.Results of glucose tolerance tests or fasting blood glucose concentrations at each sample point. Measurements of activated T lymphocytes, expressing the HLA-DR antigen, islet cell antibodies, and insulin autoantibodies in samples.All 10 prediabetic twins had both cellular and humoral changes initially and in most samples before diabetes was diagnosed (activated T lymphocytes in 39/40, islet cell antibodies in 45/47, and insulin autoantibodies to islet cells and insulin were detected infrequently (in 8/54, 6/69, and 0/69 samples, respectively). The combination of cellular and humoral (islet cell antibodies or insulin autoantibodies) immune changes were detected in all 10 of the prediabetic twins but in only one of the 15 non-diabetic twins (P < 0.001). The positive predictive value in this cohort of increased percentages of activated T cells and the presence of antibodies to islet cells or insulin on two consecutive occasions was 100%.Most of the twins had cellular or humoral immune changes at some stage. A combination of cellular and humoral immune changes and their tendency to persist is highly predictive of insulin dependent diabetes and distinguishes twins who develop diabetes from those who do not.
Points: Ulnar nerve palsy in a haemophiliac
Authors: N. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

despite the evidence that in countries where health education of the public receives much higher priority than here, mortality from coronary heart disease has fallen below our own.The fall in mortality among doctors (and other professions) is almost certainly the result of the reduction of cigarette smoking and improved eating and exercise habits.This is what a population policy is likely to effect and is the responsibility of community physicians, health educators, and other health workers.The high risk strategy of detecting and advising those at greater risk whether from theirgenes or from their habits makes good sense and is already being carried out in several general practices.If Professor Oliver believes that this should be extended to the screening of the whole adult population to identify the 5%/, at highest risk he should spell out how this is to be done.Meanwhile it should be accepted that both strategies are necessary.
Chronic Medical Conditions and Traffic Safety
Authors: Julian A. Waller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

CALIFORNIA is one of 17 states1 that regulate the driving privileges of people with specific chronic medical conditions. The basis of such a regulation is the assumption that the existence of certain conditions represents a handicap to safe driving and therefore a danger to the driving public. This assumption has never been adequately tested with the use of basic epidemiologic technics. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to review the medical and driving records of people with chronic medical conditions‡ reported to the California Department of Motor Vehicles in comparison with the driving records of people not known to have . . .
Treatment of hepatitis C related thrombocytopenia with interferon alpha
Authors: Sandeep Rajan, Howard A. Liebman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Thrombocytopenia is a common extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis C (HCV) infection. Treatment with steroids may be effective, but can exacerbate the viral infection. Interferon alpha (INF) has documented efficacy in the treatment of HCV, but its use in the treatment of HCV thrombocytopenia is controversial. We treated eight patients with HCV‐related thrombocytopenia, who had platelet counts of fewer than 50 × 10 9 /l (range: 16 to 46 × 10 9 /L) with INF 3 MU SQ three times a week. Planned duration of treatment was 24 weeks. Five patients had no evidence of hepatic cirrhosis, three had cirrhosis, and two had palpable splenomegaly. Only three patients tolerated the full course of treatment, and all three had improvement in their platelet counts to greater than 50 × 10 9 /l. Two other patients had improvement in platelet counts to more than 50 × 10 9 /l with shorter duration of treatment (six and 16 weeks, respectively). The mean increase in platelet count in the five responders was 44 × 10 9 /lL (range: 28 to 90 × 10 9 /l). The average peak platelet count in the responders was 81 × 10 9 /l (range: 62 to 136 × 10 9 /l). Duration of response ranged from four to 18+ months, with the shortest responses observed in the two patients treated with a shorter course of INF. Response was independent of the presence of cirrhosis. Responding patients had improvement in hepatic transaminases, reduction in cryoglobulin and anticardiolipin antibodies, and HCV plasma RNA when tested. Relapse was associated with an increase in these laboratory markers of HCV infection. We conclude that INF can be an effective treatment in patients with HCV‐related thrombocytopenia. Am. J. Hematol. 68:202–209, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anterior Tibial Syndrome Following Arterial Embolism
Authors: D. C. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1955)

PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME MEDICALBrouRAL -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MDC, ORA appear that fewer good results were obtained during months 1 + 2 than during months 3 + 4; this is more apparent in Table III.The difference is not significant (X2= 1.302);
Perioral Dermatitis in a Mother and Child
Authors: Julian L. Verbov, Edwsard Abell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article Perioral Dermatitis in a Mother and Child Get access Julian L. Verbov, Julian L. Verbov Department of Dermatology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Edwsard Abell Edwsard Abell Department of Dermatology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 10, 1 October 1968, Page 695, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11927.x Published: 01 October 1968
<i>JAMA</i>Gets a New Look!
Authors: Ronna Henry, Howard Bauchner
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Referral routes to hospital of patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma.
Authors: J M MacKean, A R Elkington
Journal: BMJ (1982)

An analysis of the referral routes of Southampton Eye Hospital of 191 patients who had been diagnosed as having chronic open-angle glaucoma showed that 121 patients (63.4%) were diagnosed as a result of the patient seeking advice for ocular symptoms (118) or because they had a family history of glaucoma (3). Advice had been sought from general practitioners (48), ophthalmic medical practitioners (19), and ophthalmic opticians (46). The remaining eight patients had gone directly to the casualty department. Seventy patients had been identified by chance, the majority of ophthalmic medical practitioners (26) or ophthalmic opticians (32).
Myocardial contractile reserve under low doses of dobutamine and improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction with treatment by carvedilol
Authors: P. Jourdain, F. Funck, Y. Fulla, A. Hagege, M. Bellorini, N. Guillard, J. Loiret, B. Thebault, M. Desnos
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2002)
Zoonotic Filariasis with Lymphedema in an Immunodeficient Infant
Authors: Charles F. Simmons, Harland S. Winter, Charles Berde, Faye Schrater, G. Bennett Humphrey, Fred S. Rosen, Peter F. Weller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

INFECTION with filarial parasites (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and B. timori) that dwell in the lymphatic system produces a range of manifestations, including elephantiasis,1 which usually develops in adulthood. Related brugian filarial species, ordinarily parasitic in animals, can cause local lymphadenopathy in human beings.2 3 4 5 We describe an infant with immunodeficiency who had severe lymphedema due to filarial infection with a zoonotic brugia species.Case ReportThe patient, born in Oklahoma to parents who were first cousins, was hospitalized with pneumonia at the age of seven months. He was found to have hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG, 10 mg per deciliter . . .
Combined Amphotericin B-Flucytosine Therapy in Aspergillus Pneumonia
Authors: Stephen D. Codish
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The incidence of aspergillosis is increasing while the prognosis remains dismal. Standard single-drug therapy with amphotericin B offers unacceptably low cure rates. A patient with Aspergillus pneumonia was treated with a synergistic combination of amphotericin B and flucytosine. A prompt clinical response and progressive resolution of the infection were observed. Combination therapy appeared to decrease the dose of amphotericin B needed for effective therapy. It may provide improved results with decreased toxic effects.
Abstract 2614: Anti-tumor efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the novel aptamer AS1411 in a continuous infusion nude rat xenograft model
Authors: Colin Green, Hakim Djeha, Michael Bestwick, Donna Dobinson, Fiona McLaughlin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract AS1411 is a novel DNA aptamer that binds to the multi-functional protein nucleolin and induces cell death. AS1411 has shown activity at two different doses in combination with cytarabine in a phase II study of patients with AML. We have previously shown that AS1411 has activity against a range of solid and hematological cancer cell lines, with IC50 values between 1 and 10 μM, when cells are exposed to AS1411 continuously for more than 3 days. We have also demonstrated efficacy in vivo in both lung (A549) and renal (A498) mouse xenografts. However, it has been challenging to provide optimal continuous dosing of AS1411 in mice; use of osmotic pumps or intraperitoneal bolus injection have been associated with low drug exposure. In the current study, we optimized the continuous infusion model by using nude, athymic rats with a surgically implanted catheter in a two-cycle xenograft study. Plasma and tumor samples were collected for PK determination, allowing a correlation of PK with efficacy. The colorectal cell line HT29, which is sensitive to AS1411 in vitro, was used in this study. Cells (5×106) were implanted subcutaneously in the flank of female nude rats and tumors were allowed to grow to approximately 200 − 300 mm3 before surgical cannulation of the femoral vein. Following recovery, animals received AS1411 at 40, 80 or 180 mg/kg/day for two 7 day cycles of continuous infusion, 7 days apart. A vehicle control group received saline. Animals in the 80 and 180 mg/kg/day groups exhibited a significant (p&amp;lt;0.01) reduction in tumor volume compared to control animals at day 33 and at day 22 (interim analysis); this was not observed for animals in the 40mg/kg/day group (40mg kg/day in this model does not directly correlate to the clinical dose of the same name). AS1411 was well-tolerated by all animals in all dose groups. Plasma levels of AS1411 were measured at the three dose levels after one cycle of treatment. Mean AS1411 plasma concentrations were 0.7, 2.5 and 5.0 μM, for rats treated at 40, 80 and 180 mg/kg/day, respectively. The plasma concentrations in the two higher dose groups are within the range of the in vitro IC50 concentrations of a panel of cell lines. We conclude that AS1411 shows activity in vivo in the HT29 nude rat xenograft model. Doses associated with significant reductions in tumor volume were those that produced plasma concentrations close to the IC50 level for AS1411. This correlation has been used in planning further clinical development of AS1411, including a phase IIb study of patients with AML. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2614.
Home Care for Children on Respirators
Authors: Barbara H. Burr, Bernard Guyer, I. David Todres, Barbara Abrahams, Thomas Chiodo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The use of sophisticated medical technology has made it possible for increasing numbers of children to survive the acute effects of extreme prematurity, neurologic diseases, severe trauma, and congenital abnormalities. Some of these children, including those who need long-term ventilatory support for respiratory failure, will require intensive medical care for indefinite periods of time.The detrimental effect of long-term institutionalization on the development of children has been widely acknowledged in the past several decades.1 , 2 Yet, until recently, families were rarely encouraged by physicians to undertake at home the exacting and time-consuming care of a child who was dependent on a . . .
THE SCIENCE COMMITTEE OF THE British Medical Association: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE CIRCULATION THROUGH THE LUNGS
Authors: S. W. F. Underhill
Journal: BMJ (1921)

THE importance of the pulmonary circulation is seen in the serious effects which ensue whien it is interfered with in any way; this interference may be a consequence of disease of somie part of the blood vascular system itself, or may result froni conditions which are present locally in the lungs or pleural cavities.thus directly affecting the pulmonary system.In the first group may be cited pulmonary embolism; in the second, ptieumonia, pleural effusions, etc.It was tlhought that thie adaptability of the pulmonary circulation could be tested by imitating in animals, as far as is possible, the condition of emnbolism of one main branlch of the pulmnonary artery as it occurs in man.Any conclusions reachled miglht tlhrow a new light on the circulation in the lungs during collapse or consolidation.In tnan a large pulmonary embolus frequently causes sudden death, apparently from cardiac failure; or the symaptoms may be prolonged for some hours before death enstues; or fiually recovery may occur.Apart from the hieart failure, the symptoms are ascribed to insufficient oxygenation of thle blood, witlh its consequent effects on the central nervous system and tlhe heart itself.PART I.-LIGATURE OF ONE MAIN PULMIONARY BRANCH IN ANIMALS.This condition of a large embolus was imitated, as far as ppssible, by ligature of one pu,monary artery.Thle animals used were cats: in some ether was the anaestlhetic thlroughout; in othlers the preliminary opera.tive procedures were done under etlher, and later urethane was substituted for it.Usually the clhest was opened in thle mid line, botlh pleural cavities being exposed; the pericardium was also slit up.In some of the later experi.ments, lhowever, in which the chest was closed again, only the left pleura was opened by cutting tlhrouglh a few costal cartilages on this side; the left pulmonary artery was then reaclhed by a small incision tlhrough the pericardium over it.
Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis and Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: Ferdia Bolster, Ian Crosbie, Dermot S. O'Callaghan, Brian Murray, Eoin C. Kavanagh
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)

A 64-year-female smoker presented with a prolonged history of altered behavior, personality changes, and seizures. Anti-HU and anti-RI antibodies were positive. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated hyperintensity in the right hippocampal region (Fig. 1A) and corresponding increased radiotracer activity on positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) (Fig. 1B, C). This initial PET-CT was negative for malignancy. A follow-up PET-CT 6 months later showed increased uptake in a right hilar node (Fig. 2). This node was sampled with endobronchial ultrasound and fine needle aspirate confirmed small cell carcinoma. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is characterized by clinical presentation, presence of antineuronal antibodies, and imaging findings confirming involvement of the limbic system. Clinical symptoms and imaging abnormalities can predate the detection of malignancy by months to years.1Gultekin SH Rosenfeld MR Voltz R Eichen J Posner JB Dalmau J Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis: neurological symptoms, immunological findings and tumour association in 50 patients.Brain. 2000; 123: 1481-1494Crossref PubMed Scopus (921) Google Scholar Control and treatment of the primary tumor with chemotherapy or other antineoplastic treatments may result in a neurologic improvement. Immunosuppression with steroids, intravenous immune globulin, plasma exchange, and other immunotherapies may also be of value.2Grisold W Giometto B Vitaliani R Oberndorfer S Current approaches to the treatment of paraneoplastic encephalitis.Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2011; 4: 237-248Crossref PubMed Scopus (34) Google Scholar Symptomatic treatment should include seizure control with antiepileptic medications and medications to improve autonomic symptoms.2Grisold W Giometto B Vitaliani R Oberndorfer S Current approaches to the treatment of paraneoplastic encephalitis.Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2011; 4: 237-248Crossref PubMed Scopus (34) Google Scholar
Evaluation of focal defects of the nerve fiber layer using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liselotte Pieroth, Joel S Schuman, Ellen Hertzmark, Michael R Hee, Jason R Wilkins, Jeffrey Coker, Cynthia Mattox, Tamar Pedut-Kloizman, Carmen A Puliafito, James G Fujimoto, Eric Swanson
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Identification and partial characterization of angiogenesis bioactivity in the lower respiratory tract after acute lung injury.
Authors: C Henke, V Fiegel, M Peterson, M Wick, D Knighton, J McCarthy, P Bitterman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Survival after acute lung injury (ALI) depends on prompt alveolar repair, a process frequently subverted by the development of granulation tissue within the alveolar airspace. Immunohistochemical examination of the intraalveolar granulation tissue confirmed that capillaries as well as myofibroblasts were the principal cellular constituents. We therefore hypothesized that angiogenesis factors would be present on the air-lung interface after ALI. To evaluate this hypothesis, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with ALI (n = 25) and patient controls (n = 8) was examined for angiogenesis bioactivity by its ability of induce endothelial cell migration. While lavage fluid from controls had no bioactivity, lavage fluid from 72% of patients with ALI promoted endothelial cell migration. Heparin affinity, ion exchange, and gel filtration chromatography resolved the bioactivity into at least two moieties. One appeared identical to the well characterized endothelial cell growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor. The other was a 150-kD non-heparin binding protein that mediated endothelial cell migration and attachment in vitro, and the growth of new vessels in vivo. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that the growth of capillaries into the alveolar airspace results from angiogenesis factors present on the alveolar surface of the lung after ALI.
Übertragung und Existenz
Authors: J.H.R. van der Pas
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1955)

Research Articles| January 20 2010 Übertragung und Existenz Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology J.H.R. van der Pas J.H.R. van der Pas Tilburg Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Acta Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica (1955) 3 (Suppl. 1): 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1159/000278665 Article history Published Online: January 20 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation J.H.R. van der Pas; Übertragung und Existenz. Acta Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica 1 January 1955; 3 (Suppl. 1): 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1159/000278665 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsActa Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1955Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.