tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein predictors of the severity of coronary artery disease in men and women.
Authors: M F Reardon, P J Nestel, I H Craig, R W Harper
Journal: Circulation (1985)

In this study we examined the relationships between levels of several components of plasma lipoproteins and severity of coronary artery disease in 65 men and 42 women who underwent coronary arteriography for suspected coronary disease. Severity of coronary atherosclerosis was scored as the extent of disease seen at arteriography. Univariate analyses of the relationships between the plasma lipoprotein parameters and score for severity of atherosclerosis revealed a marked difference between men and women. In men, the score for severity of atherosclerosis was strongly related to the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations, whereas in women it was related to the triglyceride concentrations in plasma intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) and LDL and to the cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations in IDL. The significance of these correlations was not negated by possible confounding factors such as alcohol intake, diabetes, and treatment with thiazides and beta-adrenergic blockers. Stepwise regression analyses of data adjusted for weight and age indicated that 22% of the variation in the score for severity of atherosclerosis could be accounted for by levels of LDL cholesterol in men. No other lipoprotein parameter could account for any further variation. In contrast, cholesterol did not account for any variation in the score for severity of atherosclerosis in women, whereas plasma triglyceride accounted for 16% of the observed variation in this group. No relationships were found between score for severity of atherosclerosis and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or plasma apolipoprotein A-I concentrations in either group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Peripherally inserted central venous catheters and central venous catheters related thrombosis in post-critical patients
Authors: Manuela Bonizzoli, Stefano Batacchi, Giovanni Cianchi, Giovanni Zagli, Francesco Lapi, Valentina Tucci, Giacomo Martini, Simona Di Valvasone, Adriano Peris
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Canada's hepatitis C compensation package greeted with anger
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Canadians infected with the hepatitis C virus contracted through contaminated blood greeted the announcement of a long awaited offer of compensation by Canada's health ministers with anger and cries of “shame.”

Only about half the estimated 50000 to 60000 people infected will be eligible for cash compensation, and if they accept the offer they then …
Maintenance of a virus specific helper T cell response 20 years after infection with one strain of HCV in healthy individuals
Authors: J.T. Gerlach, U. Kullig, N.H. Grüner, H.M. Diepolder, M.C. Jung, R. Zachoval, R. Hoffmann, C.A. Schirren, W. Schraut, H. Porst, G.R. Pape
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Differences Among Hospitals in Case-Fatality Ratios of Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: NEMAT O. BORHANI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorials1 June 1970Differences Among Hospitals in Case-Fatality Ratios of Cerebrovascular DiseaseNEMAT O. BORHANI, M.D.NEMAT O. BORHANI, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-6-953 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA recent edition ofPAS Reporter, a publication of the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities, reported what in essence is the case-fatality ratio of 51,238 patients with cerebrovascular disease who were hospitalized in 649 PAS participating hospitals during the latter half of 1968 (1). The PAS report concluded that the ". . . rates do not vary appreciably by hospital size, yet within each group there is considerable variation," and that ". . . there was essentially no variation in rates between teaching and nonteaching hospitals." This conclusion may be valid, but it cannot and should not be arrived...References1. : PAS Reporter, Vol. 8, No. 2, 19 Jan., 1970 Google Scholar2. BORHANI N: Changes and geographic distribution of mortality from cerebrovascular disease. Amer J Public Health 55: 673-681, 1965 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. KULLERBOLKERSASLAW LAM: Nationwide cerebrovascular disease mortality study. I-IV. Amer J Epidem 90: 536-578, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WHISNANTFITZGIBBONSKURLAND JJL: Natural history of stroke in Rochester, Minn. Scientific Meeting, AHA Council on Cerebrovascular Disease, March 4, 1970, New Orleans, La. Google Scholar5. WYLIE C, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1970. Personal communication Google Scholar6. DRAKE W, Cooperative RMP Stroke Program in California, 1970. Personal communication Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Community Health School of Medicine University of California Davis, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAcute lntrahospital Stroke Mortality-An Improving PictureIntensive care management of stroke patients.The Outcome for patients With Cerebrovascular Disease in University and Community HospitalsCerebral Embolization: Prospective Clinical Analysis of 42 Cases 1 June 1970Volume 72, Issue 6Page: 953-955KeywordsCerebrovascular diseasesPeriodic acid Schiff Issue Published: 1 June 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
X–linked anhidrotic (hypohidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia is caused by mutation in a novel transmembrane protein
Authors: Juha Kere, Anand K. Srivastava, Outi Montonen, Jonathan Zonana, Nick Thomas, Betsy Ferguson, Felix Munoz, Delyth Morgan, Angus Clarke, Primo Baybayan, Ellson Y. Chen, Sini Ezer, Ulpu Saarialho-Kere, Albert de la Chapelle, David Schlessinger
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Review of L. Jacoby and L. Siminoff, eds.,<i>Empirical Methods for Bioethics: A Primer</i><sup>1</sup>
Authors: Andrea L. Kalfoglou
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

Fifteen years ago, empirical bioethics was a very esoteric concept even within the field of bioethics. If you wanted to work in bioethics, you studied medicine, philosophy, law, or religion. Progra...
THE ACIDIFICATION OF GASTRIC CONTENTS IN DETERMINING NEUTRAL RED EXCRETION
Authors: Percy B. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1925)

To  Editor:  —In Winkelstein and Marcus' recent article  Excretion of Neutral Red into  Human Stomach (The Journal, October 31, p. 1397) they reported that they failed to recover neutral red in  gastric contents of some cases of achylia gastrica other than pernicious anemia. According to  method they used, the patients presented themselves with a fasting stomach;  Rehfuss tube was passed, and 2 c.c. of a 1 per cent, solution of neutral red (Ehrlich's neutral red was freshly dissolved in distilled water and boiled) was injected intramuscularly in  gluteal region. The gastric contents were aspirated every two minutes until  dye appeared as a definite pink discoloration. In our recent publication (The Journal, September 12, p. 794) we pointed out  fallacy of looking for pinkish coloration in cases with anacidity, unless  contents are brought to a hydrogen ion concentration sufficiently acid to
Muscarinic receptors, leukotriene B<sub>4</sub> production and neutrophilic inflammation in COPD patients
Authors: M. Profita, R. Di Giorgi, A. Sala, A. Bonanno, L. Riccobono, F. Mirabella, M. Gjomarkaj, G. Bonsignore, J. Bousquet, A. M. Vignola
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Acetylcholine (ACh) plays an important role in smooth muscle contraction and in the development of airway narrowing; preliminary evidences led us to hypothesize that ACh might also play a role in the development of airways inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We evaluated the concentrations of leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) in induced sputum, and the expression of Ach M1, M2, and M3 receptors in sputum cells (SC) obtained from 16 patients with COPD, 11 smokers, and 14 control subjects. The SC were also treated with ACh and the production of LTB 4 assessed in the presence or absence of a muscarinic antagonist (oxitropium). In blood monocytes, we evaluated LTB 4 release and activation of the extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) pathway after treatment with Ach. Results: The LTB 4 concentrations were higher in COPD than in controls ( P &lt; 0.01) and correlated with the number of neutrophil ( P &lt; 0.01). The M3 receptors expression was increased in COPD subjects when compared to smokers and control ( P &lt; 0.05 and 0.0001, respectively), while M2 expression resulted decreased ( P &lt; 0.05 and 0.01). The ACh‐induced LTB 4 production was observed in peripheral blood monocytes, and was sensitive to ERK inhibition. Similarly, ACh significantly increased neutrophil chemotactic activity and LTB 4 released from SC of COPD patients only, and these effects were blocked by pretreatment with the inhibitor of ERK pathway PD98059. Conclusions: The results obtained show that muscarinic receptors may be involved in airway inflammation in COPD subjects through ACh‐induced, ERK1/2‐dependent LTB 4 release. Muscarinic antagonism may contribute to reduce neutrophil infiltration and activation in COPD.
THE HISTOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE BLOOD GROUP SUBSTANCES IN MAN AS DISCLOSED BY IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE
Authors: Aron E. Szulman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The H antigen was mapped out by immunofluorescence in human tissues (including those of fetuses from 15 cm crown-heel length) from individuals of the various groups within the ABO system, both secretors and non-secretors. The distribution of the antigen can be summarized under the following headings: Cell walls of endothelium: present throughout the cardiovascular system; Cell walls of stratified epithelia: in skin, non-cornifying squamous stratified membranes, transitional epithelia; Mucus: occurring wherever the latter is produced in secretor individuals and confined to a few special topographical areas in non-secretors; Secretions and excretions: the pancreatic and sudoriferous (independent of secretor status), and mammary and uterine (governed by the secretor makeup) all contain it. The distribution of the H antigen is most fully represented in tissues of group O. It follows an over-all universal pattern, characteristically modified in non-secretors, equally valid for antigens A and B described in a preceding study. Within this pattern, in tissues of the non-O groups, the complement of the H substance in its various forms wanes in a manner consistent with the hypothesis that it serves as a substrate for the A(1), A(2), B genes, exerting their action with different degrees of efficiency. The secretor:non-secretor phenomena can be most simply interpreted by viewing the non-secretor, recessive gene (in the homozygous, ss condition) as inhibiting the production of some of the water-soluble forms of the blood group substances. Since the gene was never found responsible for dissociation of the H and A, B antigens its inhibitory action is thought to be wrought at the point of formation of the basic H substance or its precursor.
Molecular Target-Based Treatment of Human Cancer: Summary of the 10th International Conference on Differentiation Therapy
Authors: Arthur Zelent, Kevin Petrie, Zhu Chen, Reuben Lotan, Michael Lübbert, Martin S. Tallman, Ryuzo Ohno, Laurent Degos, Samuel Waxman
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract The 10th International Conference on Differentiation Therapy was held between April 29 and May 3, 2004, in Shanghai, China. In the tradition of previous conferences from this series, which have been held biannually since the first meeting organized 20 years ago by Samuel Waxman and Giovanni Rossi in Sardinia, the organizers of the 10th International Conference on Differentiation Therapy aimed to gather basic and clinical cancer investigators in a setting of plenary sessions, workshops, and poster presentations to maximize the effective exchange of information and foster the establishment of collaborative interactions. Approximately 300 scientists attended the meeting with a mission to discuss targeted approaches to cancer treatment, which stem from our understanding of basic biological processes and the mechanisms of their deregulation during tumorigenesis.
Reanalysis of Gulf war vaccination data does not contradict findings
Authors: M. Hotopf
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Professors Graham Dunn and Brian Everitt have pointed out to us in a personal communication that a different statistical method would have been more appropriate in our paper on the effects of multiple vaccines on the health of Gulf war veterans.1 In that paper we assessed the effect of multiple vaccines received either before or during deployment to the Gulf as two separate exposures. We found that vaccines received before deployment were not associated with most of the outcome …
Targeting MCL-1 sensitizes FLT3-ITD-positive leukemias to cytotoxic therapies
Authors: S Kasper, F Breitenbuecher, F Heidel, S Hoffarth, B Markova, M Schuler, T Fischer
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Patients suffering from acute myeloid leukemias (AML) bearing FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3-internal tandem duplications (FLT3-ITD) have poor outcomes following cytarabine- and anthracyclin-based induction therapy. To a major part this is attributed to drug resistance of FLT3-ITD-positive leukemic cells. Against this background, we have devised an antibody array approach to identify proteins, which are differentially expressed by hematopoietic cells in relation to activated FLT3 signaling. Selective upregulation of antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) was found in FLT3-ITD-positive cell lines and primary mononuclear cells from AML patients as compared with FLT3-wild-type controls. Upregulation of MCL-1 was dependent on FLT3 signaling as confirmed by its reversion upon pharmacological inhibition of FLT3 activity by the kinase inhibitor PKC412 as well as siRNA-mediated suppression of FLT3. Heterologously expressed MCL-1 substituted for FLT3 signaling by conferring resistance of hematopoietic cells to antileukemia drugs such as cytarabine and daunorubicin, and to the proapoptotic BH3 mimetic ABT-737. Conversely, suppression of endogenous MCL-1 by siRNA or by flavopiridol treatment sensitized FLT3-ITD-expressing hematopoietic cells to cytotoxic and targeted therapeutics. In conclusion, MCL-1 is an essential effector of FLT3-ITD-mediated drug resistance. Therapeutic targeting of MCL-1 is a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in FLT3-ITD-positive AML.
The use of PEGylated poly [2-(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] as a mucosal DNA delivery vector and the activation of innate immunity and improvement of HIV-1-specific immune responses
Authors: Yong Qiao, Yang Huang, Chao Qiu, Xinye Yue, Liandong Deng, Yanmin Wan, Jinfeng Xing, Congyou Zhang, Songhua Yuan, Anjie Dong, Jianqing Xu
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Epigenetics: filling in the 'heritability gap' and identifying gene-environment interactions in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Eamonn MM Quigley
Journal: Genome Medicine (2012)

Ulcerative colitis is a common inflammatory bowel disorder associated with considerable morbidity. Its incidence is increasing worldwide. While familial aggregation of ulcerative colitis is a common phenomenon, genome-wide association studies, identifying a plethora of associated genes, have failed to reveal a unifying causative pathway. The well-documented impact of a number of environmental factors on disease occurrence and natural history suggests a major role for epigenetic events. The epigenome-wide association study discussed in this highlight has revealed novel loci linked to colitis and has provided unique insights into the pathophysiology of this disorder information that could translate into new therapeutic approaches.
The adaptive immune system in diseases of the central nervous system
Authors: David C. Wraith, Lindsay B. Nicholson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Tissues of the CNS, such as the brain, optic nerves, and spinal cord, may be affected by a range of insults including genetic, autoimmune, infectious, or neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of many of these, either by causing tissue damage or alternatively by responding to disease and contributing to repair. It is clearly vital that cells of the immune system patrol the CNS and protect against infection. However, in contrast to other tissues, damage caused by immune pathology in the CNS can be irreparable. The nervous and immune systems have, therefore, coevolved to permit effective immune surveillance while limiting immune pathology. Here we will consider aspects of adaptive immunity in the CNS and the retina, both in the context of protection from infection as well as cancer and autoimmunity, while focusing on immune responses that compromise health and lead to significant morbidity.
Disclosure of Research Results from Cancer Genomic Studies: State of the Science
Authors: Lynn G. Dressler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Although the cancer research community has supported a "nondisclosure" position about the return of individual results to research subjects, new technologies, such as genome wide association studies, will reveal clinically relevant findings, some of which cannot be ignored. What recommendations exist that can guide researchers and Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) about this issue? This article summarizes the relevant public documents about the disclosure of individual research results to inform policy development. Four stakeholder groups were selected to make this comparison: federal, professional, advisory, and advocacy groups. Regardless of a group's position on disclosure, there was consensus that if research results were to be disclosed under any condition, the results must be analytically and clinically validated and that the researcher should not make this decision alone, but in conjunction with the IRB. There was no consensus, however, on the specific determinants for disclosure or what constitutes clinical validity. Although sufficient agreement exists to begin developing general guidelines about the process for disclosure of individual research results, the actual determinants with which to guide this decision remain challenging. An alternate framework that addresses the threshold of uncertainty a stakeholder is willing to accept, the positive predictive value of the research finding, and the magnitude of harm of returning results may be more effective to guide decision making. These assessments, along with what is considered useful information, requires the involvement of the research subject community to inform decision-making and move the policy process forward.
Oncocytic Carcinoid of the Kidney Positively Detected by I-131 MIBG Scintigraphy
Authors: Yukihisa Tamaki, Teisuke Hashimoto, Takao Kamai, Koichi Honma, Yasuo Ejima, Erena Yamazaki, Rika Yoshida, Hiroaki Arakawa, Shigeko Kuwashima, Yasushi Kaji, Ryohei Sasaki, Kazuro Sugimura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

The occurrence of oncocytic carcinoids in the kidney is extremely rare. The present case involves intractable hypertension with high-blood adenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) values. A tumor was observed in the right kidney, and an abnormal accumulation was identified in the mass from I-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. Surgery resulted in an initial diagnosis of oncocytoma. However, problem was finally diagnosed as the oncocytic carcinoid by supplemental pathologic examinations. Although oncocytomas are common renal tumors, if an oncocytoma is associated with hypertension or endocrine abnormalities, it is important to consider the possibility of oncocytic carcinoid and to perform additional pathologic examinations.
Newer Drugh for Mental Illness
Authors: Burtrum C. Schiele
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IN SPITE OF the array of drugs promoted for the therapy of nervous and mental disorders, the physician need not be unduly confused. These many compounds have only a few distinct pharmacological actions. By becoming thoroughly familiar with 1 or 2 drugs of each pharmacological type, the physician will develop a base of reference. In most instances, he will be able to rely on the compounds he knows best. Other drugs within specific groups, whose action varies only slightly from that of the standard drug, will be needed only for special indications.  It frequently is difficult to decide from which pharmacological category the drug for a specific patient should be chosen. Unfortunately, formal differential diagnosis, even when made by the most capable and experienced psychiatrist, often does not lead to differential therapy. This is due, at least in part, to the fact that complex and various behavioral phenomena are not
CORRELATION OF INERTIAL CAVITATION THRESHOLD WITH THROMBOLYSIS EFFICACY WHEN UTILIZING DIAGNOTIC ULTRASOUND GUIDED HIGH MECHANICAL INDEX IMPULSES AND MICROBUBBLES
Authors: Juefei Wu, Jinjin Liu, Tanmay Kumar, Jia Liu, Shelby Kutty, John Lof, Feng Xie, Thomas Porter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Statistical power calculations
Authors: J. R. Kirwan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

The ESR returned to below 20 mm/h on at least one occasion in all except 3 of the 101 cases in which a follow-up result was available, The elevation of the ESR was only modest in these 3 cases (32,28,24 mm/h) and could be explained by continuing activity of the disease (2 cases) and a long-standing benign monoclonal gammopathy.The low- est recorded ESR was below 15 mm/h in 95% of the 101 cases and 10 mm/h or less in 76%of the patients.However, like Ellis and Ralston we observed several patients who were successfully managed on their symptoms alone and do not advocate that the dose of prednisone should be adjusted with the sole aim of keeping the ESR at a normal level.This may not prevent complications.One patient developed permanent loss of vision in one eye 2 months after the institution of corticosteroids, when she was completely symptom-free with an ESR of 3 mm/h.However, we feel that the ESR remains a most useful investigation in the diagnosis of PMR/GCA and recommend that, if a normal result is obtained initially, the ESR should be repeated at short intervals, as it may well be elevated subsequently.We should also recommend that the CRP should be measured in the suspected case with a normal ESR.