tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-efficiency transfection of cultured primary motor neurons to study protein localization, trafficking, and function
Authors: Claudia Fallini, Gary J Bassell, Wilfried Rossoll
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2010)

Cultured spinal motor neurons are a valuable tool to study basic mechanisms of development, axon growth and pathfinding, and, importantly, to analyze the pathomechanisms underlying motor neuron diseases. However, the application of this cell culture model is limited by the lack of efficient gene transfer techniques which are available for other neurons. To address this problem, we have established magnetofection as a novel method for the simple and efficient transfection of mouse embryonic motor neurons. This technique allows for the study of the effects of gene expression and silencing on the development and survival of motor neurons.We found that magnetofection, a novel transfection technology based on the delivery of DNA-coated magnetic nanobeads, can be used to transfect primary motor neurons. Therefore, in order to use this method as a new tool for studying the localization and transport of axonal proteins, we optimized conditions and determined parameters for efficient transfection rates of >45% while minimizing toxic effects on survival and morphology. To demonstrate the potential of this method, we have used transfection with plasmids encoding fluorescent fusion-proteins to show for the first time that the spinal muscular atrophy-disease protein Smn is actively transported along axons of live primary motor neurons, supporting an axon-specific role for Smn that is different from its canonical function in mRNA splicing. We were also able to show the suitability of magnetofection for gene knockdown with shRNA-based constructs by significantly reducing Smn levels in both cell bodies and axons, opening new opportunities for the study of the function of axonal proteins in motor neurons.In this study we have established an optimized magnetofection protocol as a novel transfection method for primary motor neurons that is simple, efficient and non-toxic. We anticipate that this novel approach will have a broad applicability in the study of motor neuron development, axonal trafficking, and molecular mechanisms of motor neuron diseases.
WT1 transcript amount discriminates secondary or reactive eosinophilia from idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome or chronic eosinophilic leukemia
Authors: D Cilloni, F Messa, G Martinelli, E Gottardi, F Arruga, I Defilippi, S Carturan, E Messa, M Fava, E Giugliano, V Rosso, R Catalano, S Merante, P Nicoli, M Rondoni, E Ottaviani, S Soverini, M Tiribelli, F Pane, M Baccarani, G Saglio
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Patients with chronic fatigue syndrome are being ignored
Authors: Charles Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Physiotherapy compared with advice for low back painTargeting "physical factors" alone is not evidence based practice Editor-Frost et al's conclusion that "routine physiotherapy" based on physical factors was no more effective than one session of assessment and advice from a physiotherapist in the management of low back pain is not surprising. 1 But the defensive nature of the responses to this research is. 2 3 This defensiveness arises partly from the perceived rivalry between healthcare professions managing low back pain and the attention grabbing headlines used.In recent years the evidence base has highlighted that low back pain is a multifaceted phenomenon incorporating physical impairment, psychological distress, and social interruption.Thus the effective biopsychosocial management of low back pain should reflect its multifaceted nature and not just focus on the "physical factors," as was done by Frost et al.Being an evidence based practitioner should entail identifying and managing patients' risk factors because risk factors are clinical predictors of outcome and efforts to manage them may reduce the burden of low back pain for those who consult physiotherapists.Because of the recurrent nature of low back pain, talk of a "cure" is unrealistic.Thus the Physiotherapy Pain Association emphasises that patients should be taught skills to self manage their low back problem so that in the long term they are less likely to experience pain related disability and depression, thus improving their quality of life.Receiving passive treatments focusing on physical factors, which show only slight short term benefits, is not in the personal or economic interest of patients with low back pain.As is highlighted by the responses to the study by Frost et al, 3 beliefs about treatment preferences for low back pain vary across professions and can be traced to beliefs about the cause of the problem.
Antibodies to a 64,000 Mr human islet cell antigen precede the clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes.
Authors: S Baekkeskov, M Landin, J K Kristensen, S Srikanta, G J Bruining, T Mandrup-Poulsen, C de Beaufort, J S Soeldner, G Eisenbarth, F Lindgren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Antibodies in sera from newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients are directed to a human islet cell protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 64,000. Since IDDM seems to develop after a prodromal period of beta-cell autoimmunity, this study has examined whether 64,000 Mr antibodies could be detected in 14 individuals who subsequently developed IDDM and five first degree relatives who have indications of altered beta-cell function. Sera were screened by immunoprecipitation on total detergent lysates of human islets and positive sera retested on membrane protein preparations. Antibodies to the 64,000 Mr membrane protein were consistently detected in 11/14 IDDM patients, and in all 5 first degree relatives. 10 IDDM patients were already positive in the first samples, obtained 4-91 mo before the clinical onset of IDDM, whereas 1 patient progressed to a high 64,000 Mr immunoreactivity, at a time where a commencement of a decline in beta-cell function was detected. 64,000 Mr antibodies were detected before islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICCA) in two patients. In the control groups of 21 healthy individuals, 36 patients with diseases of the thyroid and 5 SLE patients, the 64,000 Mr antibodies were detected in only one individual, who was a healthy sibling to an IDDM patient. These results suggest that antibodies against the Mr 64,000 human islet protein are an early marker of beta-cell autoimmunity and may be useful to predict a later development of IDDM.
Address on Some of the Conditions Included Under the General Term "Rheumatoid Arthritis"
Authors: W. M. Ord
Journal: BMJ (1880)

WHEN a disease is found to be treated of under many different names, when each successive student of it finds reason to give a new descrip- tive term to the assemblage of phenomena as he is led to see them, we may safely conclude either that, in fact, more than one form of morbid process, or more than one kind of clinical history, is involved.In other words, a plurality of genera has been taken for one, or one genus comprehending several species has so far only received an imperfect analysis.The joint-affection to which I propose to direct your attention to-day appears to me certainly to come under the second category, not impro- bably under the first.For I find that the disease called by Dr. Garrod " Rheumatoid Arthritis" has been called " Digitorum nodi" (Heberden, 1788), "Nodosity of the Joints" (Haygarth, I805), "Usure des Car- tilages articulaires" (Cruveilhier: Anat.Pathologique), " Rheumatic Gout" (Brodie, Fuller, Aitken), " Chronic Rheumatism of the Joints" iTodd), " Chronic Rheumatic Arthritis" (Adams of Dublin), " Rhu- matisme Noueux" (Trousseau and other French writers), "Arthrite s&che ou deformante" (Follin and Duplay, and others), "Arthritis Myelitica" (Remak); while a variety of it has received from Smith of Dublin the name of "Morbus Coxe Senilis".At the present time, the term generally recognised by the public is " Rheumatic Gout"; and, though " Rheumatoid Arthritis" is a nearer approach to accurate naming, the former term is perhaps most commonly used by the medical profession in speaking of the disease to their patients.A definition of rheumatoid arthritis being required, may be stated as follows: a persistent or progressive inflammation of one or more jbints, in origin neither rheumatic, nor gouty, nor scrofulous, nor in any way specific; which has for results atrophic changes in articular cartilages and articular ends of bone, and hypertrophic changes in synovial membrane and adjoining periosteum and cartilage.The present paper having for its object a discussion of rheumatoid arthritis from a clinical standpoint, I shall refer to the morbid anatomy of the disease only so far as is necessary to ensure a distinct understand- ing between me and my audience as to the identity of the condition to be so discussed.The painful, swollen, hardened, knotted, and, in various degrees, stiffened or partially dislocated joints, standing in prominent contrast with the uinaffected shafts of the limbs, and unaccompanied by topha- ceous deposits, form, when their chronic and progressive history is learned, the first means of identification.With these external appear- ances are associated, internally, successive stages of softening, fibration,
Induction of angiogenesis by metalloproteinase derived from venom of indian cobra in a model of rat hind limb ischemia
Authors: Sundeep Mishra, Sujata Sharma, Gauthaman Karunakaran, Subir K. Maulik, Ruma Ray, Shyam S. Chauhan, Suruchi Chopra, Sanjiv Sharma, Rajiv Narang, Prem Chopra, Tej P. Singh, Subhash C. Manchanda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Polypharmacy in Skilled-Nursing Facilities
Authors: Philip E. Ashburn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 April 1993Polypharmacy in Skilled-Nursing FacilitiesPhilip E. Ashburn, MDPhilip E. Ashburn, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-8-199304150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As a member of a rapidly dying breed of physicians who practice general internal medicine and take care of patients in skilled-nursing facilities, I was disappointed to read that the physician freedom to practice the art of managing the many medications needed to control pain and suffering will be restricted [1].The medications are approved by the Food and Drug Administration, and the term inappropriate is misleading. Several of the medications listed by Beers and colleagues [1] are useful in the elderly patients I treat. What do the authors consider medications that are appropriate for the indications ...REFERENCE1. Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Fingold SF, Morgenstern H, Reuben DB, Rogers W, et al. Inappropriate medication prescribing in skilled-nursing facilities. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:684-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByInappropriate prescribing in an elderly population: findings from a South African public sector survey 15 April 1993Volume 118, Issue 8Page: 649-651KeywordsBeerElderlyFood and Drug AdministrationGastroesophageal reflux diseaseHealth care qualityMedicareMood disordersMotivationPatientsSleep Issue Published: 15 April 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Presence of antibodies to the hepatitis B surface antigen is associated with an excess risk for hepatocellular carcinoma among non-Asians in Los Angeles County, California
Authors: M. C. Yu, J. Yuan, R. K. Ross, S. Govindarajan
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits a more than 50–fold variation in incidence worldwide. High–risk regions include East Asia and sub–Saharan Africa, while non–Asians in the United States constitute a low–risk population. We assessed 111 cases of histologically confirmed HCC and 128 community control subjects among non–Asians of Los Angeles County for the presence in serum of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to HBsAg (anti–HBs), antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti–HBc), HBV DNA, and antibodies to the hepatitis C virus (anti–HCV). Anti–HCV positivity was significantly associated with a 12.6–fold increase in HCC risk (95% confidence limits = 4.7, 33.6). As expected, the presence of serum HBsAg and the presence of anti–HBc in the absence of anti–HBs were both positively associated with the risk of HCC. But most interestingly, among our study subjects, the presence of anti–HBs in the absence of HBsAg and HBV DNA (indicative of a resolved infection) was significantly related to a 4.7–fold increased risk for HCC (95% confidence limits = 2.2, 9.4). Overall, any serological evidence of prior HBV exposure was associated with a 9.4–fold elevation in HCC risk (95% confidence limits = 4.7, 18.7). The data also demonstrate a synergistic effect of HBV and HCV infections on the risk of HCC. We estimate that about 55% of HCC cases occurring in non–Asians of Los Angeles can be attributed to infection by the hepatitis B and/or C viruses.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF DRUG-ELUTING STENTS FOR OFF-LABEL INDICATIONS: A REPORT FROM THE NHLBI DYNAMIC REGISTRY
Authors: Oscar C. Marroquin, Faith Selzer, Suresh R. Mulukutla, Joon S. Lee, Conrad Smith, William D. Anderson, Catalin Toma, David O. Williams, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Kevin E. Kip
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Costs of New Treatments for Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Jonas B. Green
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A New Approach for Diagnosing Type 1 Diabetes in Autoantibody-Positive Individuals Based on Prediction and Natural History
Authors: Jay M. Sosenko, Jay S. Skyler, Linda A. DiMeglio, Craig A. Beam, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Carla J. Greenbaum, David Boulware, Lisa E. Rafkin, Della Matheson, Kevan C. Herold, Jeffrey Mahon, Jerry P. Palmer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE We assessed whether type 1 diabetes (T1D) can be diagnosed earlier using a new approach based on prediction and natural history in autoantibody-positive individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1 (DPT-1) and TrialNet Natural History Study (TNNHS) participants were studied. A metabolic index, the T1D Diagnostic Index60 (Index60), was developed from 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) using the log fasting C-peptide, 60-min C-peptide, and 60-min glucose. OGTTs with Index60 ≥2.00 and 2-h glucose &amp;lt;200 mg/dL (Ind60+Only) were compared with Index60 &amp;lt;2.00 and 2-h glucose ≥200 mg/dL (2hglu+Only) OGTTs as criteria for T1D. Individuals were assessed for C-peptide loss from the first Ind60+Only OGTT to diagnosis. RESULTS Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were significantly higher for Index60 than for the 2-h glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for both DPT-1 and the TNNHS). As a diagnostic criterion, sensitivity was higher for Ind60+Only than for 2hglu+Only (0.44 vs. 0.15 in DPT-1; 0.26 vs. 0.17 in the TNNHS) OGTTs. Specificity was somewhat higher for 2hglu+Only OGTTs in DPT-1 (0.97 vs. 0.91) but equivalent in the TNNHS (0.98 for both). Positive and negative predictive values were higher for Ind60+Only OGTTs in both studies. Postchallenge C-peptide levels declined significantly at each OGTT time point from the first Ind60+Only OGTT to the time of standard diagnosis (range −22 to −34% in DPT-1 and −14 to −27% in the TNNHS). C-peptide and glucose patterns differed markedly between Ind60+Only and 2hglu+Only OGTTs. CONCLUSIONS An approach based on prediction and natural history appears to have utility for diagnosing T1D.
Defective Blood Coagulation Following Pulmonary Surgery
Authors: S. Randolph Penn, James H. Walker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IT is the purpose of this paper to present 2 cases in which massive hemorrhage due to an abnormality in the clotting mechanism occurred immediately after pulmonary resection. In 1 case the condition was recognized promptly, and the intravenous use of fibrinogen§ was followed by restoration of a normal clotting time and cessation of bleeding.Case ReportsCase 1. S.C.L. (N.E.D.H. 42078), a 52-year-old housewife, was admitted to the hospital with a complaint of cough productive of purulent sputum. She had undergone partial thyroidectomy, tonsillectomy, resection of the nasal septum and removal of a benign cyst of the breast between . . .
Ruptured tendon sidelines Candy Crush gamer after weeks of constant play
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A 29 year old man lost use of his left thumb after playing the smartphone game Candy Crush all day for more than six weeks, says a case report published online on 13 April in JAMA Internal Medicine .1

“He played with his left hand while using his right hand for other tasks, stating that ‘playing was a kind of secondary thing, but it was constantly on,’” wrote the report’s lead author, Luke …
Wheezing, asthma, and pulmonary dysfunction 10 years after infection with respiratory syncytial virus in infancy.
Authors: C R Pullan, E N Hey
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Of the 180 children admitted to hospitals in Tyneside in the first year of life with proved respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection, 130 were seen for review 10 years later and 34 of the remaining 50 children accounted for. Skin tests, lung function tests, and histamine-challenge and exercise tests for bronchial lability were undertaken in over 100 of the index children and a similar number of control children. A total of 55 (42%) of the 130 index children had had further episodes of wheeze, while only 21 (19%) out of 111 controls had ever wheezed; but few (6.2% v 4.5%) had troublesome symptoms at the age of 10. There was a threefold increase in the incidence of bronchial lability in the index children but no excess of atopy. Maximum expiratory air flow was reduced throughout the vital capacity manoeuvre in the index children, even when those with a history of recurrent wheeze were excluded. Results of single-breath nitrogen washout tests were normal, however, suggesting that ventilation was not appreciably uneven, even though expiratory flow was restricted. These differences might have been caused by infection damaging the growing lung but might also be explained by pre-existing differences in the airway, rendering certain children more susceptible to symptomatic infection when first challenged by the virus in infancy.
Metastatic Parotid Tumor: A Rare Presentation for Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroid
Authors: Gaurav Malhotra, Narendra Nair, Sushama Awasare, Nawab S. Baghel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Differentiated thyroid carcinomas usually present with a thyroid swelling with or without regional lymph node involvement. The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate a rare clinical presentation of papillary carcinoma of thyroid. A 70-year-old female presented with right parotid swelling of 3 years duration. She was evaluated and a primary parotid neoplasm was suspected. Thereafter, she was subjected to superficial parotidectomy. Histopathology of the specimen revealed a metastasis of a follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Ultrasonography of the neck revealed a hypoechoic area in the left lobe of the thyroid. Her serum thyroglobulin was >800 ng/mL. A near total thyroidectomy was performed and histopathology of the specimen revealed a follicular variant (diffuse subtype) of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Right parotid swelling recurred following surgery. In addition the patient developed right chest wall and left scapular swelling. Serum thyroglobulin remained >800 ng/mL. She was administered 250 mCi of I-131 orally following diagnostic studies. A whole body PET scan was also performed 60 minutes after the intravenous injection of 370 MBq (10 mCi) of F-18 FDG. Her post-therapy scan showed avid I-131 uptake in the right parotid swelling, left scapular region, D9, L1 vertebrae, right chest region, and minimal uptake in the thyroid bed. F-18 FDG PET scan showed enhanced metabolic activity in the known metastatic sites. The occurrence of parotid metastases from a primary in the thyroid is an exception rather than rule. The aggressive nature of the diffuse follicular variant of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid in conjunction with avid F-18 FDG uptake in metastases may explain the spread to unusual sites as demonstrated in the present case.