tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exaggerated Reactivity to Mental Stress Is Associated With Exercise-Induced Myocardial Ischemia in an Asymptomatic High-Risk Population
Authors: Brian G. Kral, Lewis C. Becker, Roger S. Blumenthal, Thomas Aversano, Lee A. Fleisher, Raphael M. Yook, Diane M. Becker
Journal: Circulation (1997)

This study was done to determine whether cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress is associated with exercise-induced occult ischemia in an asymptomatic population at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD).One hundred fifty-two siblings of persons with premature CHD underwent mental stress testing. Exercise thallium tomography and 24-hour Holter monitoring were also performed. Hemodynamic changes were monitored during both stressors. Siblings positive for exercise-induced ischemia were offered cardiac catheterization. During mental stress, siblings with an abnormal exercise ECG and/or thallium scan (n=15) had greater maximal increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP, P=.0004) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, P=.05) and had greater heart rate variability in the normalized low frequency domain of an analysis of Holter monitor recordings, compared with siblings without exercise-induced ischemia. Coronary arteriography confirmed coronary atherosclerosis in 85% of siblings with exercise-induced ischemia. Regression analyses showed that occult ischemia during exercise was a strong independent predictor of maximal change in SBP and DBP during mental stress. A multivariate logistic model demonstrated that siblings with exercise-induced occult ischemia were 21 times more likely to be "hot" responders (top quartile of change in SBP and DBP) during mental stress.An exaggerated cardiovascular response to mental stress is associated with exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in persons with preclinical coronary heart disease.
Physicians join athletes in trying out for Olympics
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Some of the nation's top amateurs and professionals will be in Colorado Springs for the next ten days for the Fifth National Sports Festival, a pre-Olympic event with medical overtones. The festival ends July 3. The amateurs on hand are some of the world-class American athletes who hope to be chosen for the 1984 Olympic Games in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, and in Los Angeles. The professionals are physicians with at least five years of varsity-level sports medicine experience with college or high school athletes. They hope to be selected as US team physicians for the 1988 Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and in Seoul, South Korea. According to Kenneth S. (Casey) Clarke, PhD, director of the sports medicine division of the US Olympic Committee (USOC), the National Sports Festival and the similarly staged World University Games to be held July 1-12 in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, constitute the "second leg" of physician
Acute pancreatitis in coxsackie B infection.
Authors: B Ursing
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Case 1A woman aged 27 who had been previously healthy and had no history of gall bladder or liver disease fell ill on 4 September with pyrexia, arthalgia, and pain in the right chest.On 9 September she had exanthema and severe abdominal pain and was admitted to hospital.During the following week she developed a fulminant picture of acute pancreatitis, with high-grade fever, hypotension, and tachy- cardia.She vomited and developed paralytic ileus of seven days' on 8 July 2023 by guest.
TIMI perfusion grade 3 but not grade 2 results in improved outcome after thrombolysis for myocardial infarction. Ventriculographic, enzymatic, and electrocardiographic evidence from the TEAM-3 Study.
Authors: J L Anderson, L A Karagounis, L C Becker, S G Sorensen, R L Menlove
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Coronary patency has been used as a measure of thrombolysis success after acute myocardial infarction. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Study Group perfusion grades have gained wide acceptance, with grades 0 (no distal flow) and 1 perfusion (minimal flow) being designated as thrombolysis failures and grades 2 (partial perfusion) and 3 (complete perfusion) as thrombolysis successes. However, the significance of the individual TIMI grades on clinical outcome has not been adequately assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS To evaluate the functional significance of TIMI perfusion grades, we compared 1-day coronary patency status with ventriculographic, enzymatic, and ECG indexes of acute myocardial infarction in 298 patients treated with anistreplase or alteplase within 4 hours of myocardial infarction symptom onset. Radionuclide ejection fraction was determined at 1 week and at 1 month. Perfusion grades for the entire study population were distributed as 12% (n = 37) grades 0/1, 13% (n = 40) grade 2, and 74% (n = 221) grade 3. Patency profile did not differ between the two thrombolytic regimens. Further coronary interventions were performed after the 1-day patency determination in 43% of patients (43%, 48%, 42%, respectively, in grades 0/1, 2, and 3 patients). The outcome of grade 2 patients did not differ from grades 0/1 patients in ejection fraction, enzyme peaks, ECG markers, or morbidity index. In contrast, grade 3 patients, compared with grades 0-2 patients, showed 1) a greater global ejection fraction at 1 week (54% versus 49%, p = 0.006) and at 1 month (54% versus 49%, p = 0.01), 2) a greater infarct zone ejection fraction at 1 week (41% versus 33%, p = 0.003) and at 1 month (42% versus 32%, p = 0.003), 3) smaller enzyme peaks, significant for lactate dehydrogenase, and shorter times to enzyme peaks, significant for all four enzymes, 4) a smaller QRS score at discharge and at 1 month, and 5) a trend toward a lower morbidity index. CONCLUSIONS Grade 3 flow predicts significantly better outcomes than lesser grades of flow and represents an important measure of reperfusion success.
Paraneoplastic pemphigus in a child with a T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma
Authors: M. RYBOJAD, T. LEBLANC, B. FLAGEUL, PH. BERNARD, P. MOREL, G. SCHAISON, M.-F. D'AGAY, L. BORRADOR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

We report a child with a T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, and a widespread erosive mucocutaneous eruption, whose clinical and immunopathological features were consistent with a diagnosis of paraneoplastic pemphigus. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposition of C3 in the epidermal intercellular spaces, and in a linear pattern along the dermo‐epidermal junction. Circulating autoantibodies binding in a pemphigus‐like pattern to mouse urinary bladder epithelium were found. By Western immunobiotting, the patient's serum recognized two epidermal polypeptides with molecular weights of 210 and 190 kDa. No reactivity with the 230‐kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen and the 250‐kDa desmoplakin I antigen was found.
Fluctuations in GAD65 Antibodies After Clinical Diagnosis of IDDM in Young Children
Authors: Manou R Batstra, Mònica Pina, Joanne Quan, Paul Mulder, Carine E de Beaufort, G Jan Bruining, Henk-Jan Aanstoot
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

To investigate whether the presence of GAD antibodies at onset of IDDM correlates to a more aggressive rate of beta-cell destruction after clinical onset.We studied GAD antibodies at onset of disease, after 1 year, and after 6 years in 33 consecutively referred children (mean age 8.08, range 1.7-16.3). In a subset of 11 patients, GAD antibodies were studied very frequently. The correlation between GAD antibodies and clinical parameters, including glycosylated hemoglobin, residual insulin secretion, and insulin dosage, was evaluated.GAD antibody titers were highly variable. Four patients became GAD antibody positive weeks to years after clinical onset. Other patients switched between testing positive and negative for GAD antibodies shortly after clinical onset. No correlation was found between the presence of GAD antibodies and the rate of beta-cell destruction, but patients with high GAD antibody indexes at onset had significantly higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels.GAD antibodies at clinical onset do not predict the rate of beta-cell destruction in young children with newly diagnosed IDDM. The highly variable GAD antibody levels suggest variation of the autoimmune process.
Once-weekly dulaglutide versus once-daily liraglutide in metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-6): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Kathleen M Dungan, Santiago Tofé Povedano, Thomas Forst, José G González González, Charles Atisso, Whitney Sealls, Jessie L Fahrbach
Journal: The Lancet (2014)
232 Focal nodular telangiectasia (FNT) of the liver: Pathological and molecular characterization
Authors: J.F. Blanc, E. Jeannot, C. Laurent, A. Sa Cunha, A. Rebuissou, S. Lepreux, B. Le Bail, H. Troutte, J. Saric, C. Balabaud, J. Zucman-Rossi, P. Bioulac-Sage
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Induction of multidrug resistance gene expression during cholestasis in rats and nonhuman primates
Authors: Dieter Schrenk, Timothy W. Gant, Karl-Heinz Preisegger, Jeffrey A. Silverman, Pamela A. Marino, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

P-glycoprotein, an energy-dependent plasma membrane drug-efflux pump capable of reducing the intracellular concentration of a variety of hydrophobic xenobiotics, is encoded by mdr1, a member of the multidrug-resistant (mdr) gene family. The physiological function of this protein is unknown. Because of its location on the bile canalicular domain of the hepatocyte, we and others have hypothesized that P-glycoprotein may have a physiological role as a biliary transporter of xenobiotics and endobiotics and that its expression may therefore be altered in cholestasis. Both obstructive and alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis increased mdr1a and 1b gene expression in rat liver. Hepatic P-glycoprotein levels were also increased, and the protein remained localized at the biliary hepatocyte domain. Induction of mdr1a and mdr1b gene expression in rat liver was accomplished by means of increased transcription. alpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis in cynomolgus monkeys increased hepatic expression of both the mdr1 and 2 genes. To investigate the possible role of P-glycoprotein as a biliary efflux transporter, biliary excretion of vinblastine, a representative substrate of P-glycoprotein, was studied in rats. Increased hepatic mdr messenger RNA and P-glycoprotein levels, mediated by the xenobiotic inducer 2-acetylaminofluorene, resulted in a significant increase in biliary excretion of vinblastine, which was antagonized by the P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil. These findings suggest that P-glycoprotein functions as a biliary efflux pump for xenobiotics and, possibly, for unidentified physiological inducers that may mediate increased transcription of the mdr gene observed during cholestasis.
Insulin, Physical Activity, and Caloric Intake in Postmenopausal Women: Breast Cancer Implications
Authors: Rowan T. Chlebowski, Mary Pettinger, Marcia L. Stefanick, Barbara V. Howard, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Anne McTiernan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Increased physical activity and programs to reduce body mass index (BMI) with both increased physical activity and decreased caloric intake have been proposed to reduce insulin as a potential mediator of breast cancer and other chronic diseases. However, there are few data on the relative contribution of physical activity, caloric intake, and BMI to fasting insulin levels.An ethnically diverse subsample of 2,996 mostly healthy postmenopausal women with no prior cancer history was randomly identified from the 161,809 participants in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trials and observational study. Information was collected on diet, recreational physical activity, and anthropometrics including BMI. Fasting insulin levels were determined. Using a cross-sectional design, insulin levels were then compared across quintiles of caloric intake and physical activity in linear regression model analyses controlled for BMI and other factors.Lower BMI (P < .0001), higher levels of physical activity (P < .0001), and lower caloric intake (P < .02) were all independently associated with significantly lower mean fasting insulin levels throughout the range of observed values. Insulin levels of 8.74 microU/mL +/- 4.16 SD were seen in the highest physical activity and lowest caloric intake quintile compared with insulin levels of 15.08 microU/mL +/- 16.32 SD in the lowest physical activity and highest caloric intake quintile (P < .0001).These findings suggest that reduction in BMI achieved by increasing physical activity, reducing caloric intake, or both, should lower insulin levels, providing support for clinical trials evaluating insulin level change and breast cancer risk.
479 Hepatic steatosis and hypersecretion of billiary cholesterol due to transgenic complementation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle
Authors: S YADAV, X DU, M CHARRON, D COHEN
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

The C-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 is widely used to inhibit the JNK-mediated Bax activation and cell apoptosis. However, this report demonstrates that SP600125 synergistically enhances the dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-induced human lung adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis by accelerating Bax translocation and subsequent intrinsic apoptotic pathway involving mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. The dynamical analysis of GFP-Bax mobility inside single living cells using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching revealed that SP600125 aggravated the DHA-induced decrease of Bax mobility and Bax translocation. These results for the first time present a novel pro-apoptotic action of SP600125 in DHA-induced apoptosis.
Nasal airway ion transport is linked to the cystic fibrosis phenotype in adult patients
Authors: I Fajac
Journal: Thorax (2004)

<b>Background:</b> This study was conducted to determine whether the major nasal airway ion transport abnormalities in cystic fibrosis (that is, defective cAMP regulated chloride secretion and basal sodium hyperabsorption) are related to the clinical expression of cystic fibrosis and/or to the genotype. <b>Methods:</b> Nasal potential difference was measured in 79 adult patients with cystic fibrosis for whom clinical status, respiratory function, and <i>CFTR</i> genotype were determined. <b>Results:</b> In univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with pancreatic insufficiency were more likely to have low responses to low chloride (odds ratio (OR) 8.6 (95% CI 1.3 to 58.5), p = 0.03) and isoproterenol (OR 11.2 (95% CI 1.3 to 93.9), p = 0.03) solutions. Similarly, in univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with poor respiratory function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second &lt;50% of predicted value) were more likely to have an enhanced response to amiloride solution (OR 3.7 (95% CI 1.3 to 11.0), p = 0.02). However, there was no significant relationship between nasal potential difference and the severity of the genotype. <b>Conclusions:</b> Nasal epithelial ion transport in cystic fibrosis is linked to the clinical expression of the disease. The pancreatic status appears to be mostly related to the defect in epithelial chloride secretion whereas the respiratory status is mostly related to abnormal sodium transport and the regulatory function of the CFTR protein.
The Advertising of the Battle Creek Sanitarium Company.
Authors: W. A. Pusey
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Chicago, June 25, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In view of the fact that Dr. Kellogg says in his letter, printed on page 1941 of your last issue, that "I consider Dr. Pusey's censure entirely just in every particular with the one exception that it does not apply to the Battle Creek Sanitarium, but rests wholly on the management of the Battle Creek Sanitarium Co., Limited," there seems to be no occasion to call further attention to my letter (The Journal, May 12, 1906, p. 1462). There is, however, a slight error in his statement when he speaks of my criticising the Battle Creek Sanitarium because of certain advertisements which are published in the newspapers over the name of the Battle Creek Sanitarium Co., Ltd. I used no names in my criticism except the name which occurred in the advertisement, the "Battle Creek Sanitarium Co., Ltd.," and if in criticising that
Hospital management of self harm in adults in England
Authors: Olive Bennewith, David Gunnell, Tim Peters, Keith Hawton, Allan House
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Editor—Mitchell states that our paper is unusual because we have not reported in more detail on our data, but the editorial decision on our original manuscript was to restrict us to a short report focusing on the wide variation in the management of self harm and the lack of compliance with national guidelines. More detailed analysis of factors influencing management and outcome after self harm will form the basis of future publications.

Mitchell seems to assume that in our analyses assessments by a senior house officer in psychiatry were not included in the proportion of attendances leading to a psychosocial assessment. As assessments by a senior house officer in psychiatry are a subset of this group the two processes cannot be compared as though they are mutually exclusive. Furthermore, in analysing factors associated with medical admission, such as levels of psychosocial assessment, our data cannot be used to distinguish cause from effect.

We did not comment on good or bad practice as there is no research evidence to indicate what this might be, although there is some indication that people who have had a psychosocial assessment are at lower risk of repeating harm to themselves.1
Comparison of outcome between double and inoue balloon techniques for percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty Single blind randomized prospective study
Authors: Won Heum Shim, Yang Soo Jang, Seung Yun Cho, Han Soo Kim, Namsik Chung, Sung Soon Kim, Woong-Ku Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Plasma β-Amyloid Level, Cognitive Reserve, and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Olivia I. Okereke
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fatal House Fires in an Urban Population
Authors: Marianne C. Mierley
Journal: JAMA (1983)

House fires kill about 5,000 Americans annually, at a rate (2/100,000) that has remained almost constant for the past 50 years. House-fire deaths were studied in Baltimore, where 55 residents died during a three-year period. More than half of the deaths resulted from cigarette-ignited fires; 39% of the people who died in such fires were not the cigarette smokers themselves. For both blacks and whites, the death rate was highest in census tracts where property rental values were low. The death rate from fires ignited by heating or electrical equipment was nine times as high in the lowest-value census tracts as in the highest.
miR-122 – A key factor and therapeutic target in liver disease
Authors: Simonetta Bandiera, Sébastien Pfeffer, Thomas F. Baumert, Mirjam B. Zeisel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)

Being the largest internal organ of the human body with the unique ability of self-regeneration, the liver is involved in a wide variety of vital functions that require highly orchestrated and controlled biochemical processes. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for the regulation of liver development, regeneration and metabolic functions. Hence, alterations in intrahepatic miRNA networks have been associated with liver disease including hepatitis, steatosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR-122 is the most frequent miRNA in the adult liver, and a central player in liver biology and disease. Furthermore, miR-122 has been shown to be an essential host factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and an antiviral target, complementary to the standard of care using direct-acting antivirals or interferon-based treatment. This review summarizes our current understanding of the key role of miR-122 in liver physiology and disease, highlighting its role in HCC and viral hepatitis. We also discuss the perspectives of miRNA-based therapeutic approaches for viral hepatitis and liver disease.
Reasons for stopping drugs are monitored in New Zealand
Authors: D. M Coulter
Journal: BMJ (1996)

ently high incidence of backache before preg- nancy detected by Loughnan and colleagues serves to emphasise the difficulty of studying new postpartum backache.We believe, however, that backache during pregnancy is a potentially more important factor.We agree that it is vital to take account of potentially confounding variables.The best way to do this is to carry out a multivariate analysis such as the logistic regression we performed.Unfortunately, randomisation will not overcome the problem that many women attribute backache to pregnancy, childbirth, or epidural analgesia; rather, it may compound the problem if women receive a treatment they did not directly choose.
Peliosis Hepatis Associated With Administration of Oxymetholone
Authors: Edward C. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1978)

PELIOSIS hepatis is an unusual cystic lesion of the liver that was first recognized as a discrete entity by Schoenlank<sup>1</sup>in 1916. To our knowledge, only three cases have been diagnosed antemortem; in one instance, the lesion regressed following discontinuation of oxymetholone therapy.<sup>2-4</sup> We report the case of a patient with Hodgkin's disease, who was found to have peliosis hepatis after receiving oxymetholone. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 21-year-old man was examined in April 1970, with a three-week history of malaise, weight loss, night sweats, hectic fevers, anorexia, and pruritus. The patient was severely ill with cervical adenopathy and splenomegaly. Biopsy of a cervical lymph node showed nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease. Baseline liver function tests were normal, and an initial hematocrit level was 31%. Oxymetholone was first used in early November 1974. The patient received 30 mg per day, orally, and was followed up closely to detect any