tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GPs vote "yes" for new contract framework
Authors: C. McKenna
Journal: BMJ (2002)

GPs have signalled their willingness to take the new GP contract forward to the final stage of negotiations and pricing in a ballot undertaken by the BMA's General Practitioners Committee (GPC).

A total of 76% of GPs who returned ballot forms voted “yes” to the question: “Do you believe that the new General Medical Services Contractual framework is an acceptable basis on which to proceed to the next …
Faithful Companions: A Proposal for Neurooncology Trials in Pet Dogs
Authors: Jonathan Kimmelman, Josephine Nalbantoglu
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Although relatively rare, malignant glioma (MG) is frequently used for testing novel cancer treatments. However, human MG trials have often been initiated on the basis of preclinical models that involve numerous discontinuities with the human disease. Below, we discuss various limitations of the mainstay model used in MG preclinical research, the murine orthotopic xenograft. After discussing alternative model systems like transgenic mouse models and canine xenografts, we argue that companion animals with spontaneous brain cancers offer a scientifically and ethically attractive system for preclinical testing of novel MG interventions. Ethical advantages and practical challenges of companion animal brain cancer trials are briefly discussed. [Cancer Res 2007;67(10):4541–4]
How to encourage a referee: use your word processor carefully.
Authors: H. Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The radio is a popular means of continuing educa- tion, with the BBC Foreign Service and Voice of America providing a regular source of spoken English and international news.The full tragedy of the recent events in Beijing will reach the quieter parts of the country only by overseas broadcasts.The disparity between these broadcasts and the domestic coverage of the civil unrest is unlikely to be the theme for discussion in the English conversation classes this term or the next as searches, arrests, and executions are carried out with considerable fervour.With the loss of public freedom of expression will come an alarming restriction of individual liberties as fear grows of being reported for "pro-democracy" sympathies, be they street demonstrations or casual conversations.The staff and students at the medical school will have an
Association of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene polymorphism with multiple oesophageal dysplasia in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: M Muto
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Multiple occurrences of oesophageal dysplasia are frequently observed in head and neck cancer patients, and closely associated with alcohol consumption. Acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, is thought to play an important role in the carcinogenesis of the upper aerodigestive tract. <h3>AIM</h3> To investigate if genetic polymorphism in alcohol metabolising enzymes (ADH3, alcohol dehydrogenase 3; ALDH2, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2) is associated with oesophageal multiple dysplasia in head and neck cancer patients. <h3>METHODS</h3> Thirty one consecutive patients with head and neck cancer were included in the study. Multiple oesophageal dysplasia was detected endoscopically as multiple Lugol voiding lesions (multiple LVL) using the Lugol dye staining method. The <i>ADH3</i> and<i>ALDH2</i> genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Among the 31 patients with head and neck cancer, 17 had multiple LVL. Multiple LVL were closely associated with a second primary oesophageal carcinoma in head and neck cancer patients (odds ratio 60.7, 95% CI 5.6–659). Furthermore, the mutant <i>ALDH2</i> allele was significantly more prevalent in patients with multiple LVL (65%<i>v</i> 29%; p&lt;0.05) whereas no difference was observed in <i>ADH3</i> polymorphism. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The mutant<i>ALDH2</i> allele appears to be a risk indicator for multiple LVL in head and neck cancer patients. Accumulation of acetaldehyde due to low ALDH2 activity may play a critical role in cancerous changes throughout the mucosa in the upper aerodigestive tract.
Psychiatric Consultation in General Medical Clinics
Authors: Henry M. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The psychiatric staff of a general hospital provided a consultant for each of a number of general medical clinics which replaced previous specialty clinics. Regular meetings of the psychiatric consultants made it possible to compare their individual experiences and to gather typical examples of clinical situations in which this type of consultation was most effective. Since the medical staff had considerable commitment to research, as well as to the immediate care of patients, this new emphasis on general medicine ran counter to the prevailing trend. This study of the total clinical situation has given both the internists and the psychiatrists a more accurate perspective concerning the interrelationship of structural and functional disturbance —particularly as this affects diagnosis, treatment, and the patient-physician relationship.
Tumor to Tumor Metastasis
Authors: Athanasios Theologides
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Metastasis from one neoplasm to an unrelated coexisting neoplasm is a very rare autopsy finding; to our knowledge, fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the English literature. In 40 of these patients the host tumor was another malignant neoplasm and in 56 it was a benign tumor.<sup>1</sup>We wish to report two additional cases with tumor to tumor metastasis. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.—</h3> This 74-year-old woman was found in July 1962 to have scirrhous carcinoma of the right breast with metastases to the skin, lymph nodes, lungs, vertebrae, and possibly the liver. She was treated with a combination of diethylstilbestrol and testosterone propionate but her cancer kept growing rapidly, and she died two months later. At autopsy extensive metastatic lesions were found in the skin, lymph nodes, pleurae, lungs, liver, pituitary and adrenal glands, bones and the brain. Metastatic foci were found
GALLBLADDER VISUALIZATION IN JAUNDICED PATIENTS
Authors: Hillyer Rudisill
Journal: JAMA (1930)

It is quite generally believed that it is not desirable to advise cholecystography in jaundiced patients; in the first place, because nonvisualization usually results, and, in the second place, because the reaction to the dye may be unduly severe.  In the course of the past eighteen months, ten jaundiced patients have been seen among a group of some hundreds coming in a routine manner for cholecystography. In all except one of these cases, the examination has yielded useful information without ill effects to the patients.  Tetraiodophenolphthalein sodium is excreted in the bile by the liver shortly after intravenous injection, and diverted into the gallbladder by the action of the sphincter of the common duct, if the subject is fasting. The filling of the gallbladder seems to depend almost entirely on the occlusion of the common duct. Once inside the gallbladder, the bile and dye become concentrated by the absorption of
The Potential Value of a Negative Finding
Authors: Kenneth Silverman, Anthony DeFulio, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract SY04-03: Gut microbiome-driven exposure to anti-inflammatory dietary bioactives in humans
Authors: Johanna Wyss Lampe
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation is hypothesized to be a risk factor for carcinogenesis. In humans, dietary patterns, foods, and dietary constituents are associated with concentrations of circulating inflammation biomarkers (e.g., CRP, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α); meat-based or “Western” diet patterns have been positively associated with inflammation markers, whereas vegetable- and fruit-based or “healthy” diet patterns have been inversely associated. The gut microbiome may contribute to chronic inflammation in part through its interaction with host diet. Diet influences amounts and types of gut microbes, and gut microbial metabolism of dietary constituents produces compounds that can be protective or harmful to the host. We have shown that differences in gut microbial metabolism and diversity of the microbial community among individuals accounts for some of the variation in human exposure to phytochemicals. Components of diet also serve as substrates for certain groups of bacteria, such that changes in diet can result in a gut microbial community with greater or lesser inflammatory potential. Our findings suggest that a greater understanding of diet-gut microbiome interactions may inform future cancer-prevention strategies. Citation Format: Johanna Wyss Lampe. Gut microbiome-driven exposure to anti-inflammatory dietary bioactives in humans. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr SY04-03. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY04-03
Modulation of allergic immune responses by mucosal application of recombinant lactic acid bacteria producing the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1
Authors: C. Daniel, A. Repa, C. Wild, A. Pollak, B. Pot, H. Breiteneder, U. Wiedermann, A. Mercenier
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Background: Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are able to modulate the host immune system and clinical trials have demonstrated that specific strains have the capacity to reduce allergic symptoms. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the potential of recombinant LAB producing the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 for mucosal vaccination against birch pollen allergy. Methods: Recombinant Bet v 1‐producing Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis strains were constructed. Their immunogenicity was compared with purified Bet v 1 by subcutaneous immunization of mice. Intranasal application of the live recombinant strains was performed to test their immunomodulatory potency in a mouse model of birch pollen allergy. Results: Bet v 1 produced by the LAB was recognized by monoclonal anti‐Bet v 1 and IgE antibodies from birch pollen‐allergic patients. Systemic immunization with the recombinant strains induced significantly lower IgG1/IgG2a ratios compared with purified Bet v 1. Intranasal pretreatment led to reduced allergen‐specific IgE vs enhanced IgG2a levels and reduced interleukin (IL)‐5 production of splenocytes in vitro , indicating a shift towards non‐allergic T‐helper‐1 (Th1) responses. Airway inflammation, i.e. eosinophils and IL‐5 in lung lavages, was reduced using either Bet v 1‐producing or control strains. Allergen‐specific secretory IgA responses were enhanced in lungs and intestines after pretreatment with only the Bet v 1‐producing strains. Conclusions: Mucosal vaccination with live recombinant LAB, leading to a shift towards non‐allergic immune responses along with enhanced allergen‐specific mucosal IgA levels offers a promising approach to prevent systemic and local allergic immune responses.
Transgastric biologic mesh delivery and abdominal wall hernia repair in a porcine model
Authors: E. Sporn, J. Astudillo, S. Bachman, T. Mayfield, K. Thaler, B. Miedema
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de E. Sporn et al., pp. 1062Endoscopy 2009; 41(12): 1105-1106DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306763
The Bellman Always Rings Thrice
Authors: Paul D. Stolley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 January 1993The Bellman Always Rings ThricePaul D. Stolley, MD and Tamar Lasky, MDPaul D. Stolley, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Tamar Lasky, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail “Just the place for a Snark! I have said it thrice:What I tell you three times is true”—The Bellman in The Hunting of the Snarkby Lewis CarrollIt is tempting to think that if we repeat something often enough or we repeat what others have said it will become true. Skrabanek and McCormick named this phenomenon the Bellman's fallacy in their book Follies and Fallacies in Medicine [1].An example of this fallacy came to our attention in a recent review of the literature regarding asthma in children. In discussing explanations for the worldwide epidemic of asthma ...References1. Skrabanek P, McCormick J. Follies and Fallacies in Medicine. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books; 1990. Google Scholar2. Larsen GL. Asthma in children. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326:1540-5. Google Scholar3. Buist AS. Is asthma mortality increasing? Chest. 1988; 93:449-50. Google Scholar4. Benatar SR. Fatal asthma. Lancet. 1986; 314:423-9. Google Scholar5. Fatal asthma (Editorial). Lancet. 1979; 2:337-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul D. Stolley, MD; Tamar Lasky, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1993Volume 118, Issue 2Page: 158KeywordsAsthmaBronchodilatorsChildrenDrugsIsoproterenolMortalitySteroids ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SPONTANEOUS ST-SEGMENT RESOLUTION IN STEMI PATIENTS CORRELATES WITH ENHANCED ENDOGENOUS THROMBOLYSIS USING A POINT-OF-CARE ASSAY
Authors: Christos Christopoulos, Maria Niespialowska-Steuden, Sumeet Sharma, Rohin Francis, Azad Ghuran, Neville Kukreja, Diana Gorog
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Baculovirus as Mammalian Cell Expression Vector for Gene Therapy: An Emerging Strategy
Authors: Sudip Ghosh, Md.Khalid Parvez, Kakoli Banerjee, Shiv K. Sarin, Seyed E. Hasnain
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

The monopoly of insect cells to host baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) as a eukaryotic gene expression system has been shattered with the growing evidence that it also infects mammalian cells in culture. Although AcMNPV fails to replicate in vertebrate cells, it does express alien genes with levels of expression that are dependent on the strength of the promoter used to drive transcription of the foreign gene. It also has been reported that the recombinant AcMNPV enters human hepatic cells in culture preferentially and specifically in comparison with the other mammalian cells of different origin and sources. This has resulted in the use of AcMNPV as a potent mammalian cell delivery system as a xenovector for gene therapy, more precisely liver-specific gene delivery in vitro and in vivo.
Sorafenib-Induced Tumor Response in a Patient With Metastatic Epithelioid Angiomyolipoma
Authors: Dae-Won Lee, Hyun Chang, Yu-Jung Kim, Kwhan-Mien Kim, Hee-Jin Lee, Jong-Seok Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Case ReportA 30-year-old man with a history of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney was admitted to our hospital in June 2011 with newly found lung nodules.Five years previously, he had undergone right radical nephrectomy at our institution for a 9.5-cm kidney mass.Pathologic examination of the nephrectomy biopsy showed sheets of large, oval tumor cells with a high degree of nuclear pleomorphism and macronucleoli (Fig 1A; hematoxylin and eosin [H&E], ϫ400 magnification).The neoplastic cells showed diffuse and strong human melanoma black (HMB) -45 immunoreactivity (Fig 1B; HMB-45, ϫ200 magnification) and were diagnosed as epithelioid angiomyolipoma (E-AML).The patient had no family history of tuberous sclerosis.Annual computed tomography (CT) scans showed no recurrence lesions or metastasis until March 2009.The patient was lost to follow-up in May 2009, but returned to our hospital in June 2011 when a CT scan from another hospital showed two lung nodules in the left upper lobe (LUL; 3.5-cm LUL lingular nodule; 1.9-cm LUL
Correction: Predictive Value of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in Screening for Prostatic Cancer
Authors: M. C. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

To the Editor: Watson and Tang appear to have made an error in their article in the August 28 issue, when they state under Question 2 that Under the assumptions of an overall sensitivity of 70 per cent and a specificity of 94 per cent, a prevalence of 1440 per 100,000 would have to be present in the population under study for a randomly selected patient with a positive test result to have a 50/50 chance of prostatic carcinoma. Completion of a decision table using these data indicates a predictive value of a positive test to be 14.6 per cent, . . .
Effect of losartan, an Angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on portal pressure in cirrhosis
Authors: Arved Winfried Schneider, Johann Friedrich Kalk, Christian Peter Klein
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Administration of angiotensin II causes an increase in portal pressure, and plasma concentration of angiotensin II is elevated in patients with cirrhosis, suggesting that angiotensin II may be involved in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. We evaluated the effect of the orally active angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan, on portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Thirty patients with severe (hepatic venous pressure gradient [HVPG] >/= 20 mm Hg) and 15 patients with moderate (HVPG < 20 mm Hg) portal hypertension at baseline measurement were treated with an oral dose of 25 mg losartan once daily for 1 week and compared with 15 (HVPG >/= 20 mm Hg) and 10 (HVPG < 20 mm Hg), respectively, cirrhotic controls. On the seventh day, HVPG was determined again, and blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, and parameters of liver and kidney function were recorded. Losartan induced a significant (P <.001) decrease of HVPG in the patients with severe (-46.8% +/- 15.5%) and moderate (-44.1% +/- 14.7%) portal hypertension, while no significant change was seen in the controls. Losartan caused a slight but significant (P <.01) fall in mean arterial blood pressure (-3.1 +/- 5.0 and -3.5 +/- 4.3 mm Hg, respectively). One patient treated with losartan had a short symptomatic hypotensive reaction after the first dose of losartan that did not recur despite continued treatment. No deterioration of liver or kidney function was observed. The present study indicates that angiotensin II blockade with orally administered losartan is safe and highly effective in the treatment of portal hypertension.
URETHRAL INJECTION OF SODIUM HYDROXID THROUGH ERROR
Authors: Edwin Davis
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Since the introduction of phenolsulphonephthalein as a test of renal function by Rowntree and Geraghty<sup>1</sup>in 1909, there has been the occasion for the presence in cystoscopic rooms of a reagent for rendering the urine samples alkaline, in order to permit accurate determination of the appearance time of this drug. For this purpose sodium hydroxid has had time-honored and universal usage, partly because originally recommended by the foregoing authors and partly by reason of being the most commonly used and the most readily available alkaline reagent for laboratory use. The clinical mishap described below, following the accidental use of this drug as a urethral injection, instead of procain, affords sufficient justification for directing attention to the danger associated with the presence of sodium hydroxid in cystoscopic rooms, and for suggesting a harmless substitute. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —A man, aged 40, in fair general health, was referred for cystoscopy
Provision of acute stroke care and associated factors in a multiethnic population: prospective study with the South London Stroke Register
Authors: J. Addo, A. Bhalla, S. Crichton, A. G. Rudd, C. McKevitt, C. D. A. Wolfe
Journal: BMJ (2011)

To investigate time trends in receipt of effective acute stroke care and to determine the factors associated with provision of care.Population based stroke register.South London.3800 patients with first ever ischaemic stroke or primary intracerebral haemorrhage registered between January 1995 and December 2009.Acute care interventions, admission to hospital, care on a stroke unit, acute drugs, and inequalities in access to care.Between 2007 and 2009, 5% (33/620) of patients were still not admitted to a hospital after an acute stroke, particularly those with milder strokes, and 21% (124/584) of patients admitted to hospital were not admitted to a stroke unit. Rates of admission to stroke units and brain imaging, between 1995 and 2009, and for thrombolysis, between 2005 and 2009, increased significantly (P<0.001). Black patients compared with white patients had a significantly increased odds of admission to a stroke unit (odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.35 to 2.29, P<0.001) and of receipt of occupational therapy or physiotherapy (1.90, 1.21 to 2.97, P=0.01), independent of age or stroke severity. Patients with motor or swallowing deficits were also more likely to be admitted to a stroke unit (1.52, 1.12 to 2.06, P=0.001 and 1.32, 1.02 to 1.72, P<0.001, respectively). Length of stay in hospital decreased significantly between 1995 and 2009 (P<0.001). The odds of brain imaging were lowest in patients aged 75 or more years (P=0.004) and those of lower socioeconomic status (P<0.001). The likelihood of those with a functional deficit receiving rehabilitation increased significantly over time (P<0.001). Patients aged 75 or more were more likely to receive occupational therapy or physiotherapy (P=0.002).Although the receipt of effective acute stroke care improved between 1995 and 2009, inequalities in its provision were significant, and implementation of evidence based care was not optimal.