tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship of B‐type natriuretic peptide and anemia in patients with and without heart failure: A substudy from the Breathing Not Properly (BNP) Multinational Study
Authors: Alan H.B. Wu, Torbjørn Omland, Cathrine Wold Knudsen, James McCord, Richard M. Nowak, Judd E. Hollander, Philippe Duc, Alan B. Storrow, William T. Abraham, Paul Clopton, Alan S. Maisel, Peter A. McCullough for the Breathing Not Properly Multinational Stud
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract While anemia is a significant risk factor for poor outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF), it is not in defined guidelines for HF assessment. B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a marker for diagnosis and management of patients with HF. We determined the incidence of anemia in patients with HF and the relationship between BNP and hemoglobin (Hgb) levels in patients with and without HF. Results from the Breathing Not Properly Multinational Trial consisted of 1586 patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with dyspnea. Because renal insufficiency is a confounding variable for BNP, patients with a creatinine of ≥2.0 mg/dL were excluded. The remaining data were evaluated from 620 non‐HF patients (337 M, 283 F) and 547 HF patients (299 M, 248 F). The New York Heart Association (NYHA) HF classification and ejection fraction by echocardiography were assessed for HF patients. Blood was tested for Hgb, BNP, and creatinine. Using World Health Organization criteria for anemia, we observed that HF patients in NYHA class III or IV had lower mean Hgb levels (12.5 g/dL, P &lt; 0.05) and a higher incidence of anemia (48.2%, P &lt; 0.05) than did HF patients in class I or II (13.4 g/dL and 33.9%, respectively). There was no correlation between Hgb and log BNP for females without HF or the aggregate of all HF patients. In contrast, a significant inverse correlation was observed for males without HF ( P &lt; 0.001). Although there were differences in the BMI, age, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) versus Hgb observed in this group, the log BNP correlation remained significant after multivariate analysis. A significant inverse correlation for log BNP and Hgb were also observed for diastolic (EF ≥ 50) HF ( P &lt; 0.05) that was also not accounted for by the BMI, age, or eGFR. The presence of anemia is associated with worsening HF at ED presentation. For males without HF and diastolic HF patients of both genders, a low Hgb may be a confounding variable toward increasing BNP. Among systolic HF patients, the presence of a low hemoglobin concentration is not a factor in the interpretation of BNP results. Am. J. Hematol. 80:174–180, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
C. G. JUNG'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO PSYCHOANALYSIS
Authors: SHELDON T. SELESNICK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

During a decade which was of decisive importance for the later development of psychoanalysis Jung made many significant contributions. His association experiments confirmed Freud's hypothesis of repression which proved to be the cornerstone of psychoanalytic theory. In turn, Jung applied the knowledge he gained from Freud to dementia praecox and never wavered in his conviction that the illness could be treated by psychological means. By stressing the connection between the physiological and psychological aspects of the disease, he was able to construct the first psychosomatic model for dementia praecox. Jung was instrumetnal in bringing Freud's writings to the attention of the scientific world and later played an important part in organizing the psychoanalytic movement. According to Jung, it was he who suggested to Freud that all psychoanalysts should go through a training analysis(28). Jung's application of psychoanalytic theory to the understanding of myths and their relationship to dreams and neuroses, rekindled Freud's interest in anthropology, eventuating in Totem and Taboo. Jung's most vital contribution, however, was in pointing out that Freud had failed to distinguish between neurotic and psychotic phenomena in the Schreber case. Freud, faced with the necessity of solving this problem, was spurred on to revise his libido theory. Freud's new understanding of narcissism suggested the nonlibidinal nature of parts of the ego instincts and paved the way for his final dualistic concept of the life instinct vs. the death instinct. Thus, Freud eventually broadened his concept of libido in his own fashion by combining it with the life instinct. Although the process of cross-fertilization was productive for both sides, as far as Jung's own development was concerned Freud's theories had their major impact in the years before they met personally. In spite of his attraction to psychoanalysis and his transitory defence of its fundamental principles, Jung was never to stray from the path he indicated in his earliest work in 1902. The seeds of the collective unconscious were apparent even in this first dissertation. And from 1913 on, his abundant writings, elaborating those theories which today typify Jungian thought, reveal little or nothing of Freudian influence. On this score, psychoanalysts would agree that the eminent Swiss doctor deserves the distinction of being regarded independently. As he described himself to the librarian at the British Museum, he was and remains "only Jung."
1322 RECIPIENT IL-28B RS12979860 OT POLYMORPHISM PREDICTS ACUTE CELLULAR REJECTION IN LIVER TRANSPLANTED PATIENTS
Authors: D. Bitetto, A. Cussigh, E. Fornasiere, S. Cmet, E. Fumólo, S. Bignulin, E. Fontanini, E. Bignulin, E. Falleti, C. Fabris, M. Pirisi, P. Toniutto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Intramuscular vitamin K and childhood cancer
Authors: H P Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1992)

and delivered non-spontaneously and children given oral vitamin K or no vitamin K and delivered spontaneously.An appropriate way to separate any possible effect of type of delivery from the effect of vitamin K would be a Mantel-Haenszel analysis in which the data are stratified also for type of delivery (or a logistic regression analysis using a model that incorporates interaction terms between the variables hospital and type of delivery, as well as between hospital and year of delivery).
Phase-II Trial of Rebeccamycin Analog, a Dual Topoisomerase-I and -II Inhibitor, in Relapsed “Sensitive” Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Anita Schwandt, Tarek Mekhail, Balazs Halmos, Timothy O'Brien, Patrick C. Ma, Pingfu Fu, Percy Ivy, Afshin Dowlati
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Foster Kennedy Syndrome Produced by Myelomatous Deposits in the Skull
Authors: W. K. C. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1955)

MEDICAL JC)URNAL normal pressure, with one cell per c.mm. and a protein content of 32 mg.per 100 ml.The blood Wassermann re- action was negative.The electroencephalogram showed rather excessive low amplitude, slow activity.At operation (Mr. N. 0. K. Gibbon) on February 28 a single plum-coloured growth the size of a pea was_jound in the head of the pancreas and removed without undue difficulty.Convalescence was uneventful.Post-operative hyperglycaemia was not observed, the fasting blood-sugar values falling between 95 and 114 mg. per 100 ml.A glucose-tolerance test done ten days after operation gave the following results: fasting, 95 mg.; half an hour after 50 g.glucose, 130 mg.; 1 hour after, 120 mg.; 12 hours after, 100 mg.; 2 hours after, 100 mg. per 100 ml.Section of the tumour revealed an insulinoma, which was thought to be benign.The patient was discharged, symptomless, on March 20.When seen in the out-patient department six weeks later he felt very fit.He was working regularly and was symptom-free.The nystagmus had dis- appeared, but the muscle-wasting was unchanged.
Don't strangle health promotion, redefine it
Authors: A. Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Guthrie cites an example of a well meaning and resource intense intervention for type 2 diabetes that failed to have the effect for which it was presumably designed.1 He calls for us to strangle health promotion before it strangles us.

I agree that many health promotion trials have been disappointing, but I think that the call …
Epigenetic Silencing of the Myelopoiesis Regulator microRNA-223 by the AML1/ETO Oncoprotein
Authors: Francesco Fazi, Serena Racanicchi, Giuseppe Zardo, Linda M. Starnes, Marco Mancini, Lorena Travaglini, Daniela Diverio, Emanuele Ammatuna, Giuseppe Cimino, Francesco Lo-Coco, Francesco Grignani, Clara Nervi
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
NITROGEN RETENTION IN CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: HILDING BERGLUND
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Facing the problem of kidney function, we are accustomed to consider mainly the purely excretory function in the strictest sense of the word; that is the passing over of a definite substance from one side of the kidney filtrum, from the blood, to the other side, the urine. This is equally true in health and in disease, and it forms the basis for most of the work hitherto carried out. It must be remembered, however, that the kidney is not only a filtration apparatus but it acts also as a delicate chemical laboratory. Schmiedeberg,<sup>1</sup>in 1876, discovered the synthesis of hippuric acid from glycocoll and benzoic acid as a function of the kidney. According to the present day conception, this synthesis is not localized exclusively in this organ. It is interesting to note that this process as a kidney function test has recently been drawn into the field of
Diabetes Mortality Among New Mexico's American Indian, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic White Populations, 1958–1987
Authors: Janette S Carter, Charles L Wiggins, Thomas M Becker, Charles R Key, Jonathan M Samet
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE— To determine the diabetes-related mortality rates among New Mexico's American Indians, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites over a 30-yr period. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— Death certificates were used to identify diabetes as an underlying cause of death by ethnic group in New Mexico during each 5-yr period from 1958 through 1987. The age-adjusted rates were calculated by ethnic group and sex, and temporal trends were examined. Comparison was made to U.S. white age-adjusted rates during the same time period. RESULTS— Age-adjusted diabetes mortality rates for American Indians and Hispanics increased throughout the 30-yr period, and far exceeded rates for New Mexico non-Hispanic whites and U.S. whites by the 1983–1987 time period. The rates increased most dramatically among the state's American Indians, increasing 550% among women and 249% among men. Hispanic women and men experienced increases of 112 and 140%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS–New Mexico's American Indian and Hispanic populations have higher diabetes mortality rates than non-Hispanic whites, and American Indian mortality rates have risen dramatically over the 30-yr period included in our study. Although the high prevalence of diabetes in American Indians and Hispanics is a major contributor to these rates, other factors may also influence the reported mortality rates.
53 RELATION BETWEEN SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH GENOTYPE 1 OR 2/3 CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: A. Thompson, M. Diago, G. Foster, P. Ferenci, Y. Lurie, C. Stanciu, M. Jablkowski, D. Häussinger, P. Urbanek, S. Pianko, W.-L. Chuang, G. Subramanian, J. McHutchison
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Obesity, Small-Bowel Bypass and Liver Disease
Authors: Philip J. Snodgrass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Total starvation or marked caloric restriction can achieve temporary weight loss in massively obese persons, but long-term reduction in weight has proved much more difficult. Frustrated by the failure of medical forms of therapy, some physicians have tried rather drastic surgical procedures that create a short-bowel syndrome and lead to weight reduction by loss of fat and protein in stool. The first procedure investigated extensively was the jejunocolic shunt,1 in which 38 to 76 cm of jejunum beyond the ligament of Treitz was anastomosed to the mid-transverse colon, and the remaining small bowel left as a blind loop. Ten years . . .
Cigarette Smoking Associated With Lung Adenocarcinoma In Situ in a Large Case-Control Study (SFBALCS)
Authors: Paige M. Bracci, Jennette Sison, Helen Hansen, Kyle M. Walsh, Charles P. Quesenberry, Dan J. Raz, Margaret Wrensch, John K. Wiencke
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Abstract A44: The role of ultraconserved noncoding RNAs in oncogenic transformation
Authors: Hung Thanh Nguyen, Lifang Chan, Mathijs Voorhoeve
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Ultra conserved regions are stretches of DNA in the genome of &amp;gt;200bp that are 100% conserved between human, mouse and rat. Their overall conservation in a wide variety of vertebrates is often &amp;gt;95%. There are ~ 500 such regions in the human genome. Their function and the reason for their extreme sequence conservation are unknown. A majority of these ultraconserved genes (UCG) is expressed as non-coding RNAs, and many of the UCGs are differentially expressed in tumors and locate to cancer-associated regions in the genome. Some UCGs show small sequence variants between cancer patients and control cohorts, further suggesting that they may be causally involved in tumorigenesis. We have employed a genetically defined model of carcinogenesis to screen a limited set of cancer-associated UCGs and found that expression of two of these UCGs can directly affect the p16-pRb tumor suppressor pathway and contribute to the transformation of primary human cells. Citation Format: Hung Thanh Nguyen, Lifang Chan, Mathijs Voorhoeve. The role of ultraconserved noncoding RNAs in oncogenic transformation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A44.
Risks from forced detoxification from heroin are being ignored, conference hears
Authors: M. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Changes of policy on provision of services to drug users risk forcing thousands of people into detoxification and abstinence programmes before they are ready, a primary care specialist in drug misuse has warned. The potential consequences could be fatal.

Steve Brinksman, a GP from Birmingham and clinical lead of the support network on substance misuse management in general practice, told a meeting in Manchester that the recent shift in emphasis away from harm reduction and stabilisation towards a more recovery based approach should not be allowed to go too far.

“Detoxification is not a cure for anything,” he said. “It is a small step in the process, and if you do not do the preparation beforehand or the aftercare afterwards you are …
Autoantibody-Associated Congenital Heart Block: Outcome in Mothers and Children
Authors: Jonathan Waltuck
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

To determine the initial clinical status and the long-term outcome of mothers and their children with autoantibody-associated congenital heart block.Dynamic, longitudinal cohort study.55 children with isolated congenital heart block, their 52 mothers, and 5 other women currently carrying fetuses with congenital heart block. All maternal sera contained antibodies to SSA/Ro alone or to both SSA/Ro and SSB/La.Clinical information obtained from mailed questionnaires, telephone interviews, primary physicians, and chart reviews.When congenital heart block was identified in the children, 23 women were asymptomatic, 15 had systemic lupus erythematosus, 8 had the Sjögren syndrome, and 11 had an undifferentiated autoimmune syndrome. Follow-up ranged from 1 week to 20 years (median, 3.7 years). Eleven (48%) of the 23 initially asymptomatic mothers developed symptoms of a rheumatic disease (0.15 status changes/patient-year of follow-up; 6 (26%) developed an undifferentiated autoimmune syndrome, 2 (9%) developed the Sjögren syndrome, and 3 (13%) developed systemic lupus erythematosus. One mother with the Sjögren syndrome progressed to systemic lupus erythematosus. Four (16%) of 25 subsequent pregnancies in 22 women were complicated by heart block. Seventeen affected children died, 12 within 1 month of birth. Pacemakers were implanted in 37 (67%) of the 55 children, 27 within 3 months after birth.The development of rheumatic disease in asymptomatic mothers identified by the birth of a child with congenital heart block is common but not universal. The risk for congenital heart block in subsequent pregnancies is low. One third of the children with autoantibody-associated congenital heart block die in the early neonatal period and, of those who survive, most require pacemakers.
Infantile Spasms
Authors: C. Harrison Snyder
Journal: JAMA (1967)

SINCE West 1 vividly described the syndrome of infantile spasms with progressive mental deterioration 125 years ago, the condition has been known under a variety of names, such as nodding spasms, salaam seizures, jack-knife seizures, lightning majors, and massive myoclonic epilepsy. In 1954 Gibbs and associates 2 coined the terms, infantile spasms and hypsarhythmia, to denote respectively the type of seizure and the characteristic electroencephalographic pattern associated with the seizures. These authors also emphasized the unsatisfactory response to treatment and the poor prognosis for mental development (87% of their 237 patients were left mentally defective).  New hope for better treatment and a better outlook in infantile spasms was evoked in 1958, when Sorel and Dusaucy-Bauloye 3 reported dramatic results with use of corticotropin (ACTH). These observations were quickly confirmed in the United States. 4,5 Subsequently, however, studies on children observed for longer periods after treatment with corticotropin or corticosteroids, revealed
Implications of inflammatory changes on cervical cytology.
Authors: J D Wilson, A J Robinson, S A Kinghorn, D A Hicks
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To assess premenopausal women with inflammatory changes on cervical cytology for genital infections and cervical abnormalities.Prospective study of women attending general practice and family planning clinics who had a recent cervical cytology result with inflammatory changes.Department of genitourinary medicine.102 Premenopausal women with recent cytology result showing inflammatory changes and with no history of antibiotic or antifungal treatment since their smear.Genital examination and microbiological screening for genital infections; colposcopic examination about six weeks later.Detection of genital infections, particularly those sexually acquired, and abnormalities on colposcopy.Genital infections were isolated in 77 patients, and one or more sexually acquired infections were found in 22. Prevalence of sexually acquired infections was significantly correlated with younger age (particularly being under 25), being single, separated, or divorced; using non-barrier contraception; and recent change of sexual partner. An abnormality on colposcopy was found in 36 women. There was a strong correlation of a sexually acquired infection with an abnormality at colposcopy; hence younger women were more likely to have a colposcopic abnormality.Inflammatory changes on cytology are often associated with the presence of a sexually acquired infection and premalignant disease of the cervix, particularly in younger, single women using non-barrier contraception.
Father drops opposition to allow his baby son to die after six days of evidence in court
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Baby RB, a severely disabled 13 month old boy, is to be allowed to die after the High Court heard overwhelming evidence that it would be in his best interests.

His father was fighting for his son to have a tracheostomy and be allowed home but finally dropped his opposition to the hospital’s wish to switch off the ventilator keeping the baby alive after six days of evidence from carers and independent experts.

The father had opposed the wish of the boy’s mother and the doctors looking after him in intensive care to let him die ( BMJ 2009;339:b4573, doi:10.1136/bmj.b4573). But on the seventh day in court …
LOCAL APPLICATION OF SALVARSAN IN CHRONIC SUPERFICIAL GLOSSITIS
Authors: A. Allport
Journal: BMJ (1912)

obviously suffering from eye trouble she was seen by my colleague Mr. Bickerton, who reported that old initerstitial keratitis was present in both eyes.Bone conduction to all the tuning-forks from C (128 d.v.) to C3 (1024 d.v.) on both sides was absent, as also was the lhearing by air conduction for all the forks from 3 C 16 to C4 (2048 d.v.).Hearing for the very loud voice, the whisper and acoumeter were absent.A WVassermann reaction was immedliately performed, and gave a positive reaction.On June 12th an intravelnous inijection of 0.6 gram of salvarsan was administered by Mr, Porter, the resident meclical officer at the hospital.On June 15th the tinnitus was better, anid the hearing tests gave the following results: On the left side the conversational voice was just heard, as was also the acoumeter, whilst the C tuning-fork (128 d.v.) could just be heard by bone and air conduction.On the right side the acoumeter and voice could jtust be heard, and the C fork by bone conduction only.She remained in the same condition on the
Abstract 3227: Bioactivity and metabolic stability of indirubins
Authors: Karl-Heinz Merz, Xinlai Cheng, Gerhard Eisenbrand
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Indirubins are known to induce cell cycle arrest in G1/S and/or G2/M followed by apoptosis and potently inhibit proliferation of human tumor cells. In general, they have unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties as a consequence of poor solubility, resulting in low bioavailability. They are CYP450 substrates, undergoing deactivating metabolic transformations by formation of hydroxylated metabolites, especially in 6- and 7’-positions. The antiproliferative activity of these metabolites was decreased or nearly completely abrogated. To improve metabolic stability and solubility, novel indirubins were synthesized: hydrophilic N-methylpiperazinoethyl (E748) or N,N-dimethylaminophenyl groups were attached to the indirubin core by a 5-carboxamide anchor (E748 and E 744, respectively) or by a 3’-oxime ether link (E857). Moreover, to block 7’-hydroxylation, 7’-aza-5-methylindirubin (E844) was synthesized. Compounds were incubated in vitro with liver microsomes and metabolites were analyzed. E844 yielded as main metabolites 7’-aza-5-methyl-6-hydroxy-indirubin and 7’-aza-5-hydroxymethyl-indirubin. E748 yielded the 7’-hydroxy derivative as main metabolite. In contrast to E748, E744 did not appear to undergo detectable metabolic transformation. In addition, E857 and its water soluble hydrochloride (E857a) were not found to be hydroxylated at the respective bisindole positions. Main biotransformation of E857 rather occurred in the side chain, resulting in the formation of N- methylpiperazinoethyl-N-oxide. In contrast to E 857, the hydrochloride E857a was found hydroxylated at the methylpiperazino group. The results demonstrate that deactivating metabolic transformation of indirubins can be mitigated by introducing N-atoms into the bisindole core, and/or by directing metabolic attack into the 3’ side chain, through attachment of hydrophilic substituents. In summary, the metabolic stability of the bisindole pharmacophore can be increased by appropriate molecular modifications that also improve pharmacokinetics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3227. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3227