tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Long-Term Prognostic Value of Coronary CT Angiography in Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Daniele Andreini, Gianluca Pontone, Saima Mushtaq, Antonio L. Bartorelli, Erika Bertella, Laura Antonioli, Alberto Formenti, Sarah Cortinovis, Fabrizio Veglia, Andrea Annoni, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Piero Montorsi, Giovanni Ballerini, Cesare Fiorentini, Mauro Pepi
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Blood pressure and heart rate and withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs.
Authors: A D Goldberg, E B Raftery, P Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The immediate effects on heart rate and blood pressure of withdrawing antihypertensive drugs were studied over three-day periods in 26 patients. Four groups of drugs were studied. After withdrawal all patients taking clonidine showed a considerable increase in heart rate and blood pressure with intense ectopic activity. Patients taking postganglionic neurone-blocking drugs showed a similar but less pronounced reaction with increased ventricular ectopic activity. No alarming reactions were seen after withdrawal of methyldopa or beta-blocking drugs. Methyldopa and, especially, beta-blocking drugs are less likely to produce withdrawal reactions than clonidine or the postganglionic neurone-blocking drugs, and patients taking these drugs are therefore less likely to suffer violent reactions if they forget to take their tablets.
Radioimmunoassay of beta lipoprotein—protein of rat serum
Authors: R. Philip Eaton, David M. Kipnis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

A double antibody radioimmunoassay for rat serum beta lipoprotein-protein (beta Lp-protein) is described. The protein was purified by ultracentrifugation, selective heparin-manganous precipitation, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Antiserum was prepared in rabbits by biweekly immunization and absorbed with nonbeta lipoprotein containing rat serum. Iodination with (125)I and purification by gel filtration provided a radiolabeled protein which was > 98% displaced by purified beta lipoprotein in the immunoassay. The radioimmunoassay was sensitive to beta Lp-protein concentrations from 0.1 to 1.5 mug. Specificity of the immunoassay for beta Lp-protein was established by comparison of the displacement curves obtained with serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and density (d) > 1.21 fractions and with the beta and alpha migrating lipoproteins eluted from paper electrophoretograms. Suitability of the assay for measuring beta Lp-protein in serum was established by demonstrating 100% recovery of beta lipoprotein added to whole serum and by the absence of immunoreactive beta Lp-protein in serum of orotic acid-treated rats. Examination of sera from six other vertebrates species revealed partial cross-reactivity. Normal rat serum was found to contain 0.25+/-0.01 mg/ml of beta Lp-protein and hepatic production by an isolated perfused rat liver system was determined as 0.145 mg/hr.
Induction of immunity against lethal Haemophilus influenzae type b infection by Escherichia coli core lipopolysaccharide.
Authors: M I Marks, E J Ziegler, H Douglas, L B Corbeil, A I Braude
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Efforts to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) infections in infancy have been hampered by the low immunogenicity of capsular polysaccharide vaccines in children younger than 18 mos. In searching for alternate immunogens, we have studied the protective potential of polysaccharide-poor, lipid-rich endotoxin (LPS) core in experimental HIB infections. Because all gram-negative bacteria have similar LPS core structures, we were able to use as vaccine the J5 mutant of Escherichia coli 0111, the LPS of which consists only of core components, and thus to avoid problems in interpretation arising from vaccine contamination with non-LPS HIB immunogens. Mice were given graded inocula of HIB and developed lethal infection analogous to human HIB disease when virulence was enhanced with mucin and hemoglobin. After active immunization with heat-killed E. coli J5, 40/50 (80%) of infected mice survived, compared with 14/50 (28%) of saline-immunized controls (P less than 0.005). Passive immunization with rabbit antiserum against E. coli J5 prevented lethal HIB infection when administered 24 or 72 h before or 3 h after infection. This protection was abolished by adsorption of antiserum with purified J5 LPS, with survival reduced from 14/24 to 0/24 (P less than 0.005). Furthermore, rabbit antiserum to purified J5 LPS gave just as potent protection against death as antiserum to whole J5 cells. These studies demonstrate that immunity to core LPS confers protection against experimental murine HIB infection and provide the framework for a new approach to prevention of human disease from HIB.
Abstract 390: Correlation of the effects of antiangiogenic agents aflibercept (VEGF Trap) and anti-Dll4 antibody on tumor vascular perfusion and tumor growth
Authors: Alexander P. Adler, Alexandra Eichten, Asma A. Parveen, Gavin Thurston
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Anti-angiogenic treatments are becoming widely used in several major cancer types. Most experimental and clinical development to date has focused on the VEGF pathway, although other signaling pathways, including Dll4-Notch, are also now being explored. However, clinical development for anti-angiogenic therapy has been hindered by a lack of tumor response biomarkers. In this study, we sought to correlate long-term tumor growth responses following blockade of VEGF or Dll4 with rapid effects on tumor vascular perfusion. Using VEGF Trap (aflibercept) and a blocking Dll4 antibody, we compared two tumors that differ widely in their long-term growth responses to each agent: C6 rat glioma tumors (anti-Dll4 resistant, aflibercept sensitive) and HT1080 human fibrosarcoma (anti-Dll4 sensitive, aflibercept resistant), both grown subcutaneously in SCID/CB17 mice. Tumor vascular perfusion was assessed using contrast-enhanced micro-ultrasound at 24 hr after treatment with aflibercept, anti-Dll4 Ab, or the combination, and tumor growth was measured during the course of prolonged twice-weekly treatments. We found that aflibercept treatment rapidly decreased tumor vascular perfusion in C6 tumors (36%) and produced an extended delay in tumor growth (8 days to reach 500mm3). In contrast, anti-Dll4 antibody produced no significant decrease in perfusion of C6 tumors at 24 hr after treatment, and a less dramatic delay in tumor growth (5 days to reach 500mm3). In HT1080 tumors, anti-Dll4 Ab dramatically decreased perfusion (38%), as well as causing a prolonged growth delay (20 days to reach 300mm3), whereas aflibercept caused neither a decrease in perfusion nor growth in these tumors. Unexpectedly, combination treatment with aflibercept and anti-Dll4 was most potent in both tumor types at reducing tumor perfusion and inhibiting tumor growth. Analysis of vascular density by CD31 immunohistochemistry at 24 hr after treatment revealed a decrease in C6 (57% and 31%) and HT1080 (28% and 19%) upon single agent aflibercept and combination treatment, respectively, while anti-Dll4 increased apparent vascular density of C6 tumors (31%) but produced no change in HT1080 tumors. Taken together, these data show that changes in tumor perfusion, but not in vessel density, correlate with long-term tumor responses to aflibercept and anti-Dll4, thus suggesting that decreases in tumor perfusion could be a rapid response biomarker for efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 390.
Rapid Screening Tests for HIV
Authors: Judith Pachciarz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> We read with interest the article by Quinn et al<sup>1</sup>about the rapid latex agglutination assay for antibody to HIV, but feel that their conclusions are not justified by the data. There were significant differences between the two test groups. The claimed 100% specificity and 99.3% sensitivity for the latex agglutination assay were calculated only for the test panel group, as acknowledged by the authors. This test panel group encompassed a total of 1220 tests, performed in a US research laboratory by one experienced technician. The results obtained from this group were extended to justify the conclusions drawn from the results of field tests on 1600 Zairian blood donors. These conclusions are not valid because false-negatives could not be detected in the Zairian donor group. The test panel group had Western blot tests as well as latex agglutination tests performed on every sample, whereas the
Waving Man, 5th Street and I-35, Waco
Authors: Kevin Hadduck
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Signaling through CD28 and CTLA-4 controls two distinct forms of T cell anergy
Authors: Andrew D. Wells, Matthew C. Walsh, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Laurence A. Turka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Primary T cell proliferative responses to TCR ligation plus CD28 costimulation are surprisingly heterogeneous. Many cells that enter G1 fail to progress further through the cell cycle, and some of these cells subsequently fail to divide upon restimulation, even in the presence of IL-2. Such IL-2-refractory anergy is distinct from the IL-2-reversible anergy induced by TCR occupancy in the absence of CD28 costimulation. Here, we focus on the contributions of cell cycle progression and costimulatory (CD28/CTLA-4) signals in the regulation of anergy. We show that CD28 costimulation is not sufficient for anergy avoidance and that activated T cells must progress through the cell cycle in order to escape anergy. Induction of this "division-arrest" form of anergy requires CTLA-4 signaling during the primary response. Also, cell division per se is not sufficient for anergy avoidance: the few T cells that undergo multiple rounds of cell division during overt CD28 costimulatory blockade do not escape the ultimate induction of clonal anergy. Anergy avoidance by primary T cells is thus a multistep process: in order to participate in a productive immune response, an individual T cell activated through its antigen receptor must receive CD28 costimulation and progress through the cell cycle. Anergy may be induced either through a combination of CTLA-4 signaling and the failure of cell cycle progression, or through a proliferation-independent mechanism in which TCR ligation occurs in the absence of CD28.
The Regulation of Cerebral Blood Circulation in Subclavian Steal Syndrome
Authors: FERENC SOLTI, MIKLÓS ISKUM, SÁNDOR PAPP, ESZTER TURBÓK, JULIA NAGY
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Blood flow to the brain was studied in 11 patients suffering from subclavian steal syndrome. The venous isotope-dilution method was used to measure total blood flow to the brain and the dye-dilution method with intravenous administration of 50 mg of Evans blue was used to determine cardiac output. Cerebral blood flow was significantly lower in the 11 patients with subclavian steal syndrome than in the control group, and the O 2 consumption of the brain was low, cerebral resistance was elevated, and the cerebral fraction of the cardiac output was decreased in comparison with the controls. The effect of occlusion of the ipsilateral brachial artery was studied in 10 of the patients with subclavian steal syndrome. The cerebral blood flow and the cerebral fraction of the cardiac output increased significantly as a result of the occlusion in these patients. Studies on three patients after surgical correction of the lesion in the subclavian artery showed significant improvement in the cerebral circulation.
Translation of Latin-Reply
Authors: Eve Cockburn
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> There are, of course, two schools of thought on how to translate from Latin—and I was brought up in the English tradition of a rather free rendering of Latin verse so that, in dealing with Ovid or Horace, one aimed for a good English style that would still keep the spirit of the original, rather than a strict, literal rendering. Another reader asked me how I would complete the tag. Would it be "and we learn from the dead?" or would I use the same format and say "and we are their students?" If I had thought of adding the second part, I might even have gone so far as to say "and we sit at their feet." That has a nice biblical cadence—and I don't mean the 20th-century translation!
The Ethics of Medical Participation in Capital Punishment by Intravenous Drug Injection
Authors: William J. Curran, Ward Casscells
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Four states have now passed legislation that adopts a new method of capital punishment — death by drug injection. The method entails injection of a lethal dose of a drug prepared for that purpose and administered and monitored by medically trained personnel. The growing adoption of these programs raises serious ethical issues for American physicians about their continued and expanded participation in state-ordered execution of human beings for crimes.The New LawsOklahoma and Texas became the first states to mandate the new system with laws passed almost simultaneously in the spring of 1977. Oklahoma's law provides that the death . . .
NHS consultant who was sacked for seeing private patients while sick wins appeal
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A consultant haematologist who was sacked for seeing private patients when she was on sick leave from her NHS job with full sick pay has won a ruling that the employment tribunal that decided her dismissal was fair must look at her case again.

The tribunal ruled in 2011 that Ealing Hospital NHS Trust had acted reasonably in dismissing Finella Brito-Babapulle for gross misconduct.

The consultant, whose contract allowed her to see …
Demonstration of Hepatic Aneurysms in Polyarteritis Nodosa by Arteriography
Authors: Klaus M. Bron, Arcot Gajaraj
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

ARTERIOGRAPHY offers a new ante-mortem approach to the diagnosis of polyarteritis noby demonstrating multiple visceral aneurysms, a specific sign of the disease. The demonstration of aneurysms by arteriography in a single organ was first reported by Fleming and Stern1 (1965), and in multiple organs by Bron et al.2 (1965). In the few previously reported cases aneurysms occurred mainly in the kidneys and were saccular in type.3 4 5 6 This report describes a patient in whom the multiple aneurysms were confined to the liver and were fusiform in appearance.Case ReportK.M. (P9–82–65), a 67-year-old woman, was referred to Presbyterian—University Hospital with a . . .
Precarious Balance of Nitrogen Metabolism in Women with a Urea-Cycle Defect
Authors: Arthur L. Horwich, Wayne A. Fenton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

In this issue of the Journal, Arn et al.1 describe a new clinical entity: ammonia intoxication in otherwise healthy women, particularly in the postpartum period. The entity results from a defect at the X-chromosome locus for the liver-specific urea-cycle enzyme ornithine carbamoyltransferase (also called ornithine transcarbamoylase). The condition is striking not only because of its potentially catastrophic nature — two of the five women reported on died — but also because it occurs in the heterozygous carrier state; these women had one normal ornithine carbamoyltransferase gene in addition to their mutant one.Until now, ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency has been known . . .
THE TREATMENT OF TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF THE KIDNEY,WITH REPORT OF TWO CASES OBSERVED WITHIN EIGHTEEN HOURS.
Authors: EDMUND A. BABLER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

<h3>GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.</h3> When Simon, in 1869, removed by lumbar incision the. kidney of a woman who had a ureteral fistula opening on the abdominal wall above the pubes, he succeeded not only in proving clearly the erroneousness of Lawrence's contention, that "the kidney, fortunately, was beyond the reach of the surgeon," but also in demonstrating the vital fact that a single kidney is, in many instances at least, capable of performing the duties of itself and mate. Simon's researches created a surgery of the kidney. Previous to 1878 traumatic rupture of the kidney was regarded of very rare occurrence; Maas could find only 71 cases recorded in the literature. To-day, owing to the advent of the many methods of rapid transit, combined with the increased number of dangerous occupations followed by mankind, the kidney is more frequently ruptured than in former years. Ninety-four per cent. of the patients are males.
Are written responses to some referrals to a general haematology clinic acceptable?
Authors: Allison Tso, Lucy Harris, Tim Littlewood
Journal: BMJ (2004)

more, and nearly 60% at least once a year.Though the differing methods of the data collection render comparisons across these studies difficult, our findings suggest that the use of the placebo is increasing.The former study recorded actual prescriptions and was limited to actual placebo pills or saline, while we studied the self reports of healthcare providers, and, in certain circumstances, paracetamol and vitamin pills were also counted as placebos. ImplicationsSome have advocated banning the clinical use of placebos because of the deception involved in administration and the possible harm to the doctorpatient relationship. 2 3Others have suggested guidelines for the proper use of placebos without violating the patient's trust and autonomy. [5]6][7] Our study shows that administration of placebos for clinical purposes continues.Clearly, wider recognition of the practice, and debate about its implications, are needed.Further investigations into the extent and nature of use should be conducted, particularly in a clinical context where the placebo's effect may differ from that found in randomised controlled trials. 8 9Moreover, though Israeli medicine is taught and practised as elsewhere in the Western world, similar surveys in other geographical areas may reveal cross cultural differences.
THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY AND THE ADVANTAGES IT OFFERS TO THE YOUNG PRACTITIONER.
Authors: PHILIP F. HARVEY
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Medical students and young practitioners should be acquainted with the advantages to be gained by entering the Medical Department of the Army, and a brief survey of the subject may prove of interest and benefit to them, as well as reciprocally beneficial to the service, by drawing to it desirable candidates. Representatives of the Medical Corps of the Navy and of the Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service have described the advantages to be derived from entering their respective services. While these undoubtedly offer attractions equal in degree to those held out by the Army, it is proper that all sides of the question should be presented in order that a young physician who makes up his mind to enter one of the public services may make his choice according to his taste and temperament. I shall endeavor to give a plain, unvarnished statement of facts concerning the Medical Corps of
Abstract 1331: Green tea catechin suppression of carcinogenesis and cell proliferation induced by environmental carcinogens 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and benzo[a]pyrene
Authors: Kusum Rathore, Hwa-Chain R. Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In this study we aim to identify the role of green tea catechins (GTCs) in early prevention of breast cell carcinogenesis induced chronically by environmental carcinogens. Most sporadic breast cancers are attributable to long-term exposure to environmental factors through a multi-year, multi-step, and multi-path disease process involving cumulative genetic and epigenetic alterations in progressive breast cell carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic and experimental studies have shown that GTCs may intervene with breast cancer development. However, the mechanisms for GTC prevention of cellular carcinogenesis induced by chronic exposure to environmental carcinogens remain to be elucidated. To study the activity of GTC components in suppression of cellular carcinogenesis, we used our cellular carcinogenesis model that mimics chronic breast cell carcinogenesis induced by cumulative exposures to low doses of the environmental carcinogens 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). We detected that the four major GTC components epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), epigallocatechin (EGC), and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) at non-cytotoxic levels were able to suppress NNK- and B[a]P-induced cellular carcinogenesis, as measured by suppression of the acquired cancer-associated properties of reduced dependence on growth factors, anchorage-independent growth, and increased cell mobility. We also detected that ECG was more effective than EC, EGC, and EGCG in suppression of cellular carcinogenesis. Investigating the mechanisms for GTCs in counteracting carcinogenic activity of NNK and B[a]P, we detected that all the catechins were able to suppress carcinogen-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in suppressing ROS-induced ERK pathway activation, cell proliferation, DNA damage, and p53 expression. Our cellular model provided a new platform to identify dietary components, at non-cytotoxic levels, capable of effectively intervening in chronic breast cell carcinogenesis induced by cumulative exposures to low doses of environmental carcinogens. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1331. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1331
Prognostic Factors in Elderly Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Treated with Gemcitabine: A Retrospective Analysis of Multicenter Study
Authors: Inal Ali, Kos F. Tugba, Algin Efnan, Yıldız Ramazan, Berk Veli, Unek Tugba, Dılsen Colak, Helvacı Kaan, Geredeli Caglayan, Dane Faysal, Balakan Ozan, Durnalı Ayse, Harputoglu Hakan, Buyukberber Suleyman, Isıkdogan Abdurrahman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
951-75 Comparative Analysis of Long Term Clinical Outcomes After Native Coronary versus Saphenous Vein Graft Stent Implantation
Authors: S. Chiu Wong, Ya Chien Chuang, Jeffrey J. Popma, Mun K. Hong, Augusto D. Pichard, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent, Theresa A. Bucher, Kathi Donovan, Kathy Morgan, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)