tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Physiologically Significant Coronary Artery Lesions by Coronary Blood Flow Measurements During Isoproterenol Infusion
Authors: LAWRENCE D. HORWITZ, GEORGE C. CURRY, ROBERT W. PARKEY, FREDERICK J. BONTE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

At cardiac catheterization, the effect of isoproterenol on coronary blood flow was compared in six patients with normal coronary arteries and normal left ventricular function, and eight patients with angiographically defined coronary lesions. Coronary blood flow was measured by selective coronary artery injection of xenon-133 and external monitoring of disappearance curves with a dual probe, digital scintillation counter. Resting values did not differ in the two groups. In the normal group isoproterenol increased mean coronary blood flow 93 ml/100 g/min (152%) and cardiac output 2.3 liters/min (42%); coronary resistance/100 g decreased 60 ± 4% ( sem ), while total peripheral resistance decreased 29 ± 4%. In the coronary disease group coronary blood flow increased 20 ml/100 g/min (33%) and cardiac output increased 2.8 liters/min (62%); coronary resistance decreased 26 ± 9% and total peripheral resistance decreased 37 ± 4%. In all normal patients the percent increase in coronary blood flow markedly exceeded the percent increase in cardiac output and the percent fall in coronary resistance markedly exceeded the percent fall in total peripheral resistance. In six of the eight patients with coronary lesions the percent increase in coronary blood flow was less than the percent increase in cardiac output and the fall in coronary resistance was less than the fall in total peripheral resistance. Thus measurement of coronary blood flow, cardiac output, and aortic pressure before and during isoproterenol infusion may permit differentiation of those subjects with physiologically significant coronary obstructions.
Racial Differences in Rates of Severe Sepsis
Authors: Christopher Vinnard
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Josephine Elaine Hammond
Authors: A. Piesowicz, M. McGowan
Journal: BMJ (2012)

After junior posts at Guy’s Hospital and Radcliffe Hospital and four years as senior registrar at Great Ormond Street Hospital Josephine Elaine Hammond was she was appointed consultant in general paediatrics at Queen Mary’s Hospital for Children (QMHC) and St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, in 1973. She developed special interest in developmental paediatrics and complex …
Spinal-Fluid Pleocytosis Estimated by the Tyndall Effect
Authors: ROGER P. SIMON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Brief Reports1 July 1978Spinal-Fluid Pleocytosis Estimated by the Tyndall EffectROGER P. SIMON, M.D., JOHN S. ABELE, M.D.ROGER P. SIMON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN S. ABELE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-1-75 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLaboratory studies now frequently establish diagnoses that once depended entirely on clinical evaluation. However, bedside observations continue to provide early clues to proper diagnosis while serving as an important check on the laboratory.One such bedside technique is the ability to detect spinal-fluid cellularity by simple visual inspection of the specimen. Authorities agree that spinal fluid appears clear and colorless until pleocytosis approaches approximately 300 to 500 cells/mm3, at which time a turbid (ground-glass, cloudy) quality to the fluid will gradually appear (1-5). However, spinal-fluid cell counts well below the number necessary to produce turbidity can be readily detected with...References1. GREENFIELD J and CARMICHAEL E: The Cerebro-spinal Fluid in Clinical Diagnosis. London, Macmillan and Co., Limited, 1925, pp. 47-48 Google Scholar2. MERRITT H and FREMONT-SMITH F: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, 1938, pp. 55-56 Google Scholar3. LUPS S and HAAN A: The Cerebrospinal Fluid. Amsterdam, Elsevier Publishing Company, 1954, pp. 68-71 Google Scholar4. ALAMI S and AFIFI A: Cerebrospinal fluid examination, in Laboratory Medicine, edited by RACE GJ. Hagerstown, Harper and Row, 1976, p. 7 Google Scholar5. FISHMAN R: Cerebrospinal fluid, in Clinical Neurology, edited by BAKER AB. Hagerstown, Harper and Row, Publishers, 1976, pp. 12-15 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROGER P. SIMON, M.D.; JOHN S. ABELE, M.D.Affiliations: Departments of Neurology and Pathology University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySpinal Fluid ExaminationCerebrospinal, Synovial, Serous Body Fluids, and Alternative SpecimensSolutions to the Ginzburg-Landau equations for planar textures in superfluid3He 1 July 1978Volume 89, Issue 1 Page: 75-76 Keywords Leukocytosis Research laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Why Your Preferred Targeted Drugs May Become Unaffordable
Authors: Martine J. Piccart
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed at the HER2 receptor, is one of the most impressive targeted drugs developed in the last two decades. Indeed, when given in conjunction with chemotherapy, it improves the survival of women with HER2 positive breast cancer, both in advanced and in early disease. Its optimal duration, however, is poorly defined in both settings with a significant economic impact in the adjuvant setting where the drug is arbitrarily given for 1 year. This article reviews current attempts at shortening this treatment duration, emphasizing the likelihood of inconclusive results and, therefore, the need to investigate this important variable as part of the initial pivotal trials and with the support of public health systems. Failure to do so has major consequences on treatment affordability. Ongoing adjuvant trials of dual HER2 blockade, using trastuzumab in combination with a second anti-HER2 agent, and trials of the antibody-drug conjugate T-DM1 (trastuzumab-emtansine) have to all be designed with 12 months of targeted therapy.
Lung Cancer Screening Debate Continues Despite International CT Study Results
Authors: Renee Twombly
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Earlier this year, a lung cancer screening study received worldwide press when it found that computed tomography (CT) screening of patients at risk for lung cancer can lead to early detection. But the disputed report has not reduced the distance between two sparring groups of researchers. The critical issue is whether CT screening can reduce lung cancer deaths: the ultimate test of any effective cancer screening. Can a screening clinical trial with no control arm can prove a reduction in mortality? This study, the International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP), had no control arm. Investigators
Physical Fitness Levels vs Selected Coronary Risk Factors
Authors: Kenneth H. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Several studies show significant correlations of blood variables, weight, abnormal electrocardiograms, and blood pressure with the incidence of coronary heart disease, but the quantification of fitness and its correlation with coronary heart disease is more difficult. In this study, approximately 3,000 men, average age of 44.6 years, were examined for blood and lipid profile, pulmonary function, percent body fat determination, and Balke maximal performance treadmill stress testing with multilead ECG monitoring. Five age-adjusted cardiorespiratory fitness categories were determined from treadmill times. A consistent inverse relationship among physical fitness categories and resting heart rate, body weight, percent body fat, serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, glucose, and systolic blood pressure, was observed. Forced vital capacity was directly related to levels of fitness. These results, although cross-sectional, imply that physical fitness is related to lower coronary risk factors.
Points: Poor start for the Health Education Authority
Authors: C F Donovan
Journal: BMJ (1987)

suggest that they are at high risk of developing leptospirosis, the remarkably low incidence of the disease in such communes argues to the contrary.The clustering of so many cases in the commune, the finding of only a moderate rise in the tempera- ture at the centre of a meatball cooked on a hot plate,2 and the very peculiar interaction of the index case with the commune strongly suggested that food was the common source.
Investigating suspected malignant pleural effusion
Authors: N M Rahman, R J O Davies, F V Gleeson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Rats were exposed daily to increasing concentration levels of GB vapor until severe toxic signs, such as convulsions, occurred. The animals showing these signs were used in following the regeneration of erythrocyte and brain ChE activities over a 60-day period after the last day of exposure. Immediately after exposure all convulsing animals showed erythrocyte ChE values below 10 per cent of normal and brain ChE values below 5 per cent of normal. Those not exhibiting toxic signs but similarly exposed had higher values. The brain did not show marked decrease in ChE activity until after the erythrocyte ChE activity was reduced to approximately 28 per cent of normal. The rate of regeneration of ChE activity of erythrocytes was somewhat greater than that of the brain. For erythrocytes it was approximately 4.4 per cent per day for the first 15 days and thereafter was decreased to approximately 0.8 per cent per day. From these rates it was estimated that 48 ± 6 days (1 standard error) are required for complete recovery (100 per cent). Brain ChE activity followed a similar pattern, the rate being approximately 3.7 per cent per day for the first 15 days after which it was estimated to be 0.3 to 0.4 per cent per day. The time calculated for 100 per cent recovery was 140 ± 31 days.
Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in clinical practice guidelines: Part 2 of 3. The GRADE approach to grading quality of evidence about diagnostic tests and strategies
Authors: J. L. Brożek, E. A. Akl, R. Jaeschke, D. M. Lang, P. Bossuyt, P. Glasziou, M. Helfand, E. Ueffing, P. Alonso‐Coello, J. Meerpohl, B. Phillips, A. R. Horvath, J. Bousquet, G. H. Guyatt, H. J. Schünemann
Journal: Allergy (2009)

The GRADE approach to grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations provides a comprehensive and transparent approach for developing clinical recommendations about using diagnostic tests or diagnostic strategies. Although grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations about using tests shares the logic of grading recommendations for treatment, it presents unique challenges. Guideline panels and clinicians should be alert to these special challenges when using the evidence about the accuracy of tests as the basis for clinical decisions. In the GRADE system, valid diagnostic accuracy studies can provide high quality evidence of test accuracy. However, such studies often provide only low quality evidence for the development of recommendations about diagnostic testing, as test accuracy is a surrogate for patient-important outcomes at best. Inferring from data on accuracy that using a test improves outcomes that are important to patients requires availability of an effective treatment, improved patients' wellbeing through prognostic information, or - by excluding an ominous diagnosis - reduction of anxiety and the opportunity for earlier search for an alternative diagnosis for which beneficial treatment can be available. Assessing the directness of evidence supporting the use of a diagnostic test requires judgments about the relationship between test results and patient-important consequences. Well-designed and conducted studies of allergy tests in parallel with efforts to evaluate allergy treatments critically will encourage improved guideline development for allergic diseases.
Pesticides and childhood cancers.
Authors: J L Daniels, A F Olshan, D A Savitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

To evaluate the possible association between pesticides and the risk of childhood cancers, epidemiologic studies published between 1970 and 1996 were critically reviewed. Thirty-one studies investigated whether occupational or residential exposure to pesticides by either parents or children was related to increased risk of childhood cancer. In general, the reported relative risk estimates were modest. Risk estimates appeared to be stronger when pesticide exposure was measured in more detail. Frequent occupational exposure to pesticides or home pesticide use was more strongly associated with both childhood leukemia and brain cancer than either professional exterminations or the use of garden pesticides. Occupational pesticide exposure was also associated with increased risk of Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, and germ cell tumors. Residence on a farm, a proxy for pesticide exposure, was associated with increased risk of a number of childhood cancers. Although increased risk of some childhood cancers in association with pesticide exposure is suggested by multiple studies, methodological limitations common to many studies restrict conclusions; these include indirect exposure classification, small sample size, and potential biases in control selection. Opportunities for methodologic improvement in future studies of pesticides and childhood cancers are described.
ULTRA-LOW DOSE CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY WITH LESS THAN 0.1 MSV RADIATION EXPOSURE USING PROSPECTIVELY ECG-TRIGGERED HIGH-PITCH SPIRAL ACQUISITION AND ITERATIVE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Dieter Ropers, Christian Layritz, Jasmin Eisentopf, Werner Daniel, Michael Lell, Tobias Pflederer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Use and interpretation of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: recommendations of the British Hypertension Society
Authors: E O'Brien, A Coats, P Owens, J Petrie, P L Padfield, W A Littler, M de Swiet, F Mee
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Over the past 20 years or so, the accuracy of using the conventional Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer and Korotkoff's sounds to measure blood pressure has been questioned, and efforts have been made to improve measurements with automated devices.1 2 In the same period, the phenomenon of white coat hypertension has been recognised—whereby some patients who apparently have raised blood pressure actually have normal blood pressure when the measurement is repeated away from the medical environment; this has focused attention on methods of measurement that provide profiles of blood pressure rather than rely on isolated measurements made under circumstances that may influence blood pressure.3 These methods have included repeated measurements of blood pressure using the traditional technique, self measurement of blood pressure in the home or workplace, and ambulatory blood pressure measurement using automated devices.2 Ambulatory monitoring is advantageous because it gives multiple measurements throughout the day and night

This paper considers only the ambulatory measurement of blood pressure in adults. Its purpose is not to make a case for or against ambulatory measurement; others have already done so.4 5 Although the results of a number of ongoing, longitudinal studies are forthcoming, there is now firm evidence that ambulatory blood pressure measurement is a more sensitive predictor of cardiovascular outcome than conventional measurement.6 We have not considered the complex issues of health economics that the increasing use of ambulatory measurement raises.7 We realise that this technique is being used more often and that doctors who find ambulatory measurement useful in the day to day management of patients with high blood pressure need recommendations from those who have experience. However, regardless of the technique used to diagnose hypertension it is only one factor in determining a patient's risk profile and must be assessed in relation to concomitant disease, …
Quantifying the Risk of Infectious Diseases for People With Diabetes
Authors: Baiju R. Shah, Janet E. Hux
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—In vitro evidence shows that immune function is compromised in people with diabetes. Although certain rare infections are more common and infection-related mortality is higher, the risk of acquiring an infectious disease for diabetic patients has never been quantified. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A retrospective cohort study using administrative data compared all people with diabetes in Ontario, Canada, on 1 April 1999 to matched nondiabetic people (n = 513,749 in each group). The risk ratios of having an infectious disease and of death attributable to infectious disease between those with and without diabetes were calculated. Secondary analysis individually examined common infectious diseases. The study was repeated using a second pair of cohorts defined in 1996 to confirm stability of the estimates. RESULTS—Nearly half of all people with diabetes had at least one hospitalization or physician claim for an infectious disease in each cohort year. The risk ratio for diabetic versus nondiabetic people was 1.21 (99% CI 1.20–1.22) in both cohort years. The risk ratio for infectious disease-related hospitalization was up to 2.17 (99% CI 2.10–2.23). The risk ratio for death attributable to infection was up to 1.92 (1.79–2.05). Many individual infections were more common in people with diabetes, especially serious bacterial infections. CONCLUSIONS—Diabetes confers an increased risk of developing and dying from an infectious disease, corroborating both in vitro evidence and commonly held clinical belief. In addition to microvascular and macrovascular sequelae, clinicians should consider infection a complication of diabetes.
Endoscopic ultrasound versus endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for patients with intermediate probability of bile duct stones: a randomized trial comparing two management strategies
Authors: M. Polkowski, J. Regula, A. Tilszer, E. Butruk
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de M. Polkowski et al., pp. 296Endoscopy 2007; 39(04): 381-381DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306919
A 52-week, open-label study of the efficacy and safety of ixekizumab, an anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: Kenneth B. Gordon, Craig L. Leonardi, Mark Lebwohl, Andrew Blauvelt, Gregory S. Cameron, Daniel Braun, Janelle Erickson, Michael Heffernan
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Java Junkies and Reduced Type 2 Diabetes Risk
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 regulation of interleukin-10 in B-cell differentiation and lymphomagenesis
Authors: Liliana Guedez, Adnan Mansoor, Bente Birkedal-Hansen, Megan S. Lim, Paula Fukushima, David Venzon, William G. Stetler-Stevenson, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson
Journal: Blood (2001)
Treatment of Epistaxis
Authors: David L. Pierce, Werner D. Chasin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Associated Medical ConditionsTable 1 summarizes the significant medical conditions found in 132 patients admitted with severe epistaxis.More than 50 per cent of the patients had at least one of these conditions, and some suffered from more than one. Many of these patients were not known to have a significant medical problem at the time of admission; most of these diagnoses were made by a routine, but careful, medical evaluation. A diagnosis of hypertension was made only if the blood pressure remained elevated during the hospital course or if there were other signs of hypertension such as hypertrophy of the left . . .
Genetic heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma Unsal H, Yakicier C, Marcais C, Kew M, Volkmann M, Zentgraf H, Isselbacher KJ, et al Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994;91:822?826
Authors: B SLAGLE
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The laser cladding is one of the efficient surfaces coating technique used for erosion wear resistance. Due to spontaneity of this effect coupled with diversified applications, laser coating has remained a topic of various research studies among the scientific community. To begin with the research study, it is essential for an investigator to familiar with previous investigations carried out in the relevant area. Hence the present study is focused on explore the various effect of input parameters on laser cladding process for the good quality of clad layer like machining parameters, characteristics of cladding material, characteristics of laser beam, and characteristics of product. Also focused on previous research related to erosion wear response mainly slurry erosion wear. Finally, some inference drowns from the overview and concludes future research scope that will be helpful to a new researcher in the field of laser cladding as erosion resistive technique.