tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone: a protective peptide against chemotherapy-induced hair follicle damage?
Authors: M. Böhm, E. Bodó, W. Funk, R. Paus
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Effective, safe and well-tolerated therapeutic and/or preventive regimens for chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) still remain to be developed. Because α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) exerts a number of cytoprotective effects and is well tolerated, we hypothesized that it may be a candidate CIA-protective agent.To explore, using a human in vitro model for chemotherapy-induced hair follicle (HF) dystrophy that employs the key cyclophosphamide metabolite (4-hydroperoxy-cyclophosphamide, 4-HC), whether α-MSH protects from 4-HC-induced HF dystrophy.Microdissected human scalp HFs from four individuals were treated with 4-HC, α-MSH and 4-HC plus α-MSH. Changes in HF cycling, melanin distribution and hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation/apoptosis were examined by quantitative (immune-) morphometry. Expression of the cytoprotective enzyme haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in HF of two individuals.In 50% of the individuals α-MSH reduced melanin clumping as an early sign of 4-HC-induced disruption of follicular pigmentation. α-MSH reduced 4-HC-induced apoptosis in the HFs of one female patient. These protective effects of α-MSH were not associated with changes in 4-HC-induced catagen induction. α-MSH and 4-HC both increased HO-1 mRNA expression, while the combination of both agents had additive effects on HO-1 transcription.Exogenous α-MSH exerts moderate HF-protective effects against 4-HC-induced human scalp HF damage and upregulates the intrafollicular expression of a key cytoprotective enzyme. However, as substantial interindividual response variations were found, further studies are needed to probe α-MSH as a candidate CIA-protective agent.
THE NEUROTIC'S DIET.
Authors: HENRY C. EYMAN
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Before entering the special domain of the neurotic and discussing his proper diet, it will be necessary to devote a few minutes to the general subject of diet and the value of foods. The value of foods may be considered as three-fold: 1, the production of energy; 2, the repair of tissue; 3, the increase of adipose tissue to serve as a protection and covering in the body. There are at least thirteen chemical elements which enter into the composition of the body, but only four which are found so abundantly as to indicate that they are indispensable to life, viz., carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen. Now, foods which contain these elements are necessary for the three-fold use above mentioned. We are taught that nutrition of the body involves several distinct processes: 1, the secretion of digestive fluids and their action upon food in the alimentary canal
Phosphorylation State of Olig2 Regulates Proliferation of Neural Progenitors
Authors: Yu Sun, Dimphna H. Meijer, John A. Alberta, Shwetal Mehta, Michael F. Kane, An-Chi Tien, Hui Fu, Magdalena A. Petryniak, Gregory B. Potter, Zijing Liu, James F. Powers, I. Sophie Runquist, David H. Rowitch, Charles D. Stiles
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Chorea and Cimetidine
Authors: MICHAEL JAMES KUSHNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1982Chorea and CimetidineMICHAEL JAMES KUSHNER, M.D.MICHAEL JAMES KUSHNER, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-126_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Increasingly frequent reports have attributed neurologic complications other than encephalopathy to cimetidine toxicity. I wish to report a case of chorea apparently caused by cimetidine.A 72-year-old woman was admitted to the Neurological Institute of New York after several weeks of abnormal movements. The history showed chronic obstructive pulmonic disease treated with theophylline, 800 mg daily, and terbutaline, 15 mg daily in divided doses. Haloperidol had been prescribed for an affective disorder, but symptoms had resolved and therapy had been terminated 18 months earlier. Barium swallow had shown a duodenal ulcer 11 months previously; therapy included cimetidine,...References1. KIMELBLATTCERRACALLERIBERGMCMILLENSCHENTAG BFGMMJ. Dose and serum concentration relationships in cimetidine-associated mental confusion. Gastroenterology. 1980;78:791-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. COHNBALLHIRSCH CGJ. Histamine: effects on self-stimulation. Science. 1973;180:757-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GREENMAAYANIWEINSTEINHOUGH JSHL. Histamine and psychotropic drugs. Psychopharm Bull. 1980;16:36-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BATEMANBEVANLONGLEYMASTAGLIAWANDLESS DPBFI. Cimetidine induced postural and action tremor. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981;44:94. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WALLSPEARCEVENABLES TSG. Motor neuropathy associated with cimetidine. Br Med J. 1980;281:974-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCimetidineDrug-induced hyperkinetic movement disorders by nonneuroleptic agentsCimetidineCimetidine-induced dystonic reactionH2 Antagonists, Restless Leg Syndrome, and Movement DisordersBewegungsstörungen durch Medikamente bei alten PatientenCase Report: Cimetidine-Associated Depression and Loss of Libido in a WomanCimetidine-Theophylline-TerbutalineA. SIDNEY BARRITT, M.D. 1 January 1982Volume 96, Issue 1Page: 126-126KeywordsBrain diseasesDuodenal ulcersMood disordersToxicity Issue Published: 1 January 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Survival after Trimodality Treatment for Superior Sulcus and Central T4 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Paul De Leyn, Johan Vansteenkiste, Yolande Lievens, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Philippe Nafteux, Georges Decker, Willy Coosemans, Herbert Decaluwé, Johny Moons, Tony Lerut
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Relationship of serum fibrosis markers with liver fibrosis stage and collagen content in patients with advanced chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Robert J. Fontana, Zachary D. Goodman, Jules L. Dienstag, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Deepa Naishadham, Richard K. Sterling, Grace L. Su, Mita Ghosh, Elizabeth C. Wright
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

This study determined the utility of a panel of serum fibrosis markers along with routine laboratory tests in estimating the likelihood of histological cirrhosis in a cohort of prior nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C. The relationship between serum markers and quantitative hepatic collagen content was also determined. Liver biopsy samples from 513 subjects enrolled in the HALT-C trial were assigned Ishak fibrosis scores. The collagen content of 386 sirius-red stained, nonfragmented biopsy samples was quantified using computerized morphometry. Serum tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), amino-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP), hyaluronic acid (HA), and YKL-40 levels were determined using commercially available assays.Sixty-two percent of patients had noncirrhotic fibrosis (Ishak stage 2-4) whereas 38% had cirrhosis (Ishak stage 5,6). Multivariate analysis identified a 3-variable model (HA, TIMP-1, and platelet count) that had an area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of 0.81 for estimating the presence of cirrhosis. This model was significantly better than that derived from the cirrhosis discriminant score (AUROC 0.70), the AST-to-platelet ratio (AUROC 0.73), and a prior model developed in HALT-C patients (AUROC 0.79). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the serum fibrosis markers correlated substantially better with Ishak fibrosis scores than with the log hepatic collagen content (AUROC 0.84 versus 0.72). Conclusion: A 3-variable model consisting of serum HA, TIMP-1, and platelet count was better than other published models in identifying cirrhosis in HALT-C Trial subjects. The stronger correlation of the serum markers with Ishak scores suggests that serum fibrosis markers reflect the pattern of fibrosis more closely than the quantity of hepatic collagen.
1117-86 Do differing C-reactive protein assay methods impact cardiovascular risk assessment?
Authors: Jessica L Clarke, Jeffrey L Anderson, John F Carlquist, Richard F Roberts, Benjamin D Horne, Tami L Bair, Matthew J Kolek, Chrissa P Mower, Ashle M Crane, Ted J Hollist, William L Roberts, Joseph B Muhlestein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Approaches to Enhancing Radiation Safety in Cardiovascular Imaging
Authors: Reza Fazel, Thomas C. Gerber, Stephen Balter, David J. Brenner, J. Jeffrey Carr, Manuel D. Cerqueira, Jersey Chen, Andrew J. Einstein, Harlan M. Krumholz, Mahadevappa Mahesh, Cynthia H. McCollough, James K. Min, Richard L. Morin, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Khurram Nasir, Rita F. Redberg, Leslee J. Shaw
Journal: Circulation (2014)

HomeCirculationVol. 130, No. 19Approaches to Enhancing Radiation Safety in Cardiovascular Imaging
Reporting of harms in systematic reviews and their primary studies
Authors: B. C. Reeves
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Badly done and biased

In a linked paper, the Outcome Reporting Bias in Trials (ORBIT) collaborators report a new study on outcome reporting bias (doi:10.1136/bmj.g6501),1 a sequel to their earlier groundbreaking publication.2 Outcome reporting bias is defined as “selection (on the basis of the results) of a subset of the original variables recorded for inclusion in a study publication.” It can arise from selective non-reporting or incomplete reporting of an outcome, as studied by the ORBIT collaborators, or fully reporting a particular outcome selectively from among multiple outcomes. Selective non-reporting has the same impact on a systematic review as the failure to report a study altogether (“publication bias”), biasing the pooled estimate away from the null.

The earlier paper2 considered benefit outcomes, whereas this new research investigated harm outcomes.1 This is important research because harms are poorly reported.3 Authors of systematic reviews are being encouraged to identify a primary harm outcome for each review as well as a primary hypothesised benefit,4 and motivations for selectively reporting outcomes may well vary for beneficial and harm outcomes. Kirkham and colleagues studied two cohorts of systematic reviews, one formed from new Cochrane reviews in 2012 and the other from a database of reviews specifically evaluating harms.1 The researchers investigated the reporting of primary harm outcomes both in the reviews and in studies included in the reviews …
Associations of Plasma Selenium with Arsenic and Genomic Methylation of Leukocyte DNA in Bangladesh
Authors: J. Richard Pilsner, Megan N. Hall, Xinhua Liu, Habibul Ahsan, Vesna Ilievski, Vesna Slavkovich, Diane Levy, Pam Factor-Litvak, Joseph H. Graziano, Mary V. Gamble
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundGlobal hypomethylation of DNA is thought to constitute an early event in some cancers and occurs in response to arsenic (As) exposure and/or selenium (Se) deficiency in both in vitro and animal models. In addition, antagonism between As and Se, whereby each reduces toxicity of the other, has been well documented in animal models. Se status may therefore modify the health effects of As in As-exposed populations.ObjectiveThe primary objectives of our study were to test the hypothesis that Se deficiency is associated with genomic hypomethylation of lymphocyte DNA and to determine whether Se levels are associated with blood As (bAs) and urinary As (uAs) concentrations in adults exposed to As-contaminated groundwater in Bangladesh. A secondary objective was to explore the relationships between plasma Se and As metabolites.DesignWe assessed plasma Se concentrations, As metabolite profiles in blood and urine, and genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA in a cross-sectional study of 287 adults.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, we observed an inverse association between Se (micrograms per liter) and genomic DNA methylation (disintegrations per minute per 1-μg/L increase in Se): β = 345.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 59–632. Se concentrations were inversely associated with total As concentrations (micrograms per liter) in blood (β = −0.04; 95% CI, −0.08 to −0.01) and urine (β = −20.1; 95% CI, −29.3 to −10.9). Se levels were negatively associated with the percentage of monomethylarsinic acid (β = −0.59; 95% CI, −1.04 to −0.13) and positively associated with the percentage of dimethylarsinic acid (β = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.04 to 1.01) in blood.ConclusionsOur results suggest that Se is inversely associated with genomic DNA methylation. The underlying mechanisms and implications of this observation are unclear and warrant further investigation. In addition, Se may influence bAs and uAs concentrations, as well as relative proportions of As metabolites in blood.
TCT-222 Outcomes of Medical Treatment for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Jae Hyung Roh, Jung-Min Ahn, Hee-Soon Park, Se Hun Kang, Sang Soo Cheon, Min Su Kim, Young-Hak Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Sung-Han Yoon, Hyun Woo Park, Mineok Chang, Jong-Young Lee, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Hereditary nephropathic systemic amyloidosis caused by a novel variant apolipoprotein A-I
Authors: Malcolm R. Persey, David R. Booth, Susanne E. Booth, Raul van Zyl-Smit, Bruce K. Adams, Abe B. Fattaar, Glenys A. Tennent, Philip N. Hawkins, Mark B. Pepys
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
The Pile of Paper on the Professor's Desk
Authors: GEORGE DUNEA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Ad Libitum1 August 1979The Pile of Paper on the Professor's DeskGEORGE DUNEA, M.D.GEORGE DUNEA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-2-313_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt"Would you like to hear about the pile of paper I found on my desk this morning?" asked the professor on his first day back from studying an outbreak of onomatopeia on Sunshine Island. "It is enough to make me want to go back at once on another field trip."The temperature outside being 20 °F below zero (not allowing for the wind-chill factor) no one could raise much sympathy for the obviously rested and sun-tanned professor—but no one could restrain him either, so he continued."Well, first there is a letter from the Food and Drug Administration about a... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1979Volume 91, Issue 2Page: 313-313KeywordsFood and Drug AdministrationTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
Stalking the Gene -- DNA Libraries
Authors: Nadia Rosenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

For molecular biologists in search of clues to cell function, the ultimate object of inquiry is the gene. A scientist looking for a particular gene faces a formidable challenge, because each cell contains more than 100,000 different genes scattered over billions of nucleotides. To identify a gene, it is necessary to make some order out of the original material and then to devise a way of distinguishing the desired gene from all the others. Recombinant DNA libraries fulfill these requirements.In theory, the use of restriction enzymes to cut DNA into predictable lengths, which was reviewed in the preceding article . . .
I Like the Candy, I Hate the Wrapper
Authors: Patrick W. Serruys, I. Patrick Kay
Journal: Circulation (2000)

to Robert and Tim Fischell, described an "intraarterial stent with the capability to inhibit intimal hyperplasia." 1 The proponents of this patent went on to say in their proposal: "Since radiation from a radioisotope source is capable of selectively inhibiting the growth of hyperproliferating cells as compared with normal cells, a radioisotope material which forms part of the stent can be used to decrease the rate of arterial reclosure.The radioisotope could be placed inside the stent, alloyed into the metal from which the stent is made, or preferably, it can be coated onto the stent's exterior surface."So began the story of the radioactive stent.Eight years and several animal species later, we are becoming aware of the bright and dark sides of this treatment modality in the human model.
Harold Varmus is nominated to head US National Cancer Institute
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective:</b> To present a rare case of multiple ischemic infarcts due to cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in an immunocompetent patient. <b>Background:</b> Cryptococcal infection is an important opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed hosts. CM is the most common presentation with over one million cases worldwide each year. Cerebral infarcts occur in approximately 20 percent of CM cases. However, there have been only three published cases in immunocompetent patients, all of which had lacunar or single large artery infarct. This is the first case report of CM causing multi-focal infarcts in an immunocompetent host. <b>Methods:</b> This case report describes an uncommon cause of sub-acute multiple infarcts in an immunocompetent Caucasian man. <b>Results:</b> A 56-year-old healthy male presented with a ten-day history of progressive nausea, vertigo, headache, slurred speech and unsteady gait. Physical examination revealed normal vital signs, normal neurologic examination, and no skin rash. Brain MRI demonstrated multiple punctate infarcts in left hemisphere and patchy infarcts in bilateral cerebellum. CT angiography of head and neck showed focal narrowing of right MCA M1 segment, mid-basilar artery, left distal M2 segment. Cardiac monitor suggested atrial fibrillation, and heparin infusion was initiated for possible cardio-embolism. The patient became confused overnight with leukocytosis. Opening pressure of the lumbar puncture was more than 55 cm H20. CSF study showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and decreased glucose. Cryptococcal antigen was detected and CSF fungal culture confirmed Cryptococcus neoformans. Investigations for immunodeficiency were negative. He responded well to the antifungal treatment and was discharged to a rehabilitation facility for gait instability. <b>Conclusions:</b> Cerebral infarcts due to CM in immunocompetent patients are unusual. However, cryptococcal infection should be considered in atypical stroke manifestations, since early diagnosis and prompt treatment can improve outcome. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Khattak has nothing to disclose. Dr. Desai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Desai has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wise has nothing to disclose. Dr. Moore has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wilder has nothing to disclose. Dr. Remmel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Liu has nothing to disclose.
Neonatal Meningitis Caused by New Serotype of Flavobacterium meningosepticum
Authors: A. A. Sugathadasa, S. N. Arseculeratne
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Recent reports from the United States (Brody, Moore, and King, 1958; Cabrera and Davis, 1961) described sporadic and epidemic cases of neonatal meningitis, encountered chiefly in nurseries, caused by a Gram- negative bacillus classified as Flavobacterium meningosepticum by King (1959).Three serological types have so far been described, types A, B, and C.The present report is of the first case of neonatal
CELL-BOUND RECEPTORS FOR ALLOANTIGENS ON NORMAL LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: Hans Binz, Jean Lindenmann, Hans Wigzell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

The rat popliteal node graft-vs.-host assay was shown to depend on the presence of parental T cells in the inoculum. Antialloantisera raised in F1 hybrid rats against alloantibodies of one parent directed at transplantation antigens of the other parent displayed some or all of the following specific effects on parental T cells: They inhibited local GvH by purified T-cell suspensions; they blocked the capacity of GvH-reactive cells to adsorb onto fibroblast monolayers of the relevant genotype; together with complement, they killed GvH-reactive cells.
Retraction Note: Dopaminergic regeneration by neurturin-overexpressing c17.2 neural stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Wei-Guo Liu, Xi-Jing Wang, Guo-Qiang Lu, Biao Li, Gang Wang, Sheng-Di Chen
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2009)

Retraction for Liu WG, et al. Dopaminergic regeneration by neurturin-overexpressing c17.2 neural stem cells in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2007, 2:19
A serum ferritin assay for prevalence studies of iron deficiency
Authors: Carol A. Flowers, Miriam Kuizon, John L. Beard, Barry S. Skikne, M. Covell, James D. Cook
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract A specialized serum ferritin assay has been developed for the detection of iron deficiency in epidemiologic studies. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to climinate the need for radioisotopes. The problem of low sensitivity inherent with the EIA for serum ferritin was eliminated by the use of monoclonal immunologic reagents. The working range of the assay is 1–100 μg/L with a sensitivity of 0.5 μg/ L. Excellent agreement in serum ferritin levels was observed between the present method and the two‐site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), while the variability at low ferritin concentrations was significantly less with the EIA. Because only 10 μl of serum is required for each assay, duplicate measurements can be performed on a single capillary tube of blood. When an automatic microtiter plate reader for optical density measurements is used, 80‐100 duplicate determinations can be completed by one technologist in a single working day.
Dendritic cells from X-linked hyper-IgM patients present impaired responses to Candida albicans and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Authors: Otavio Cabral Marques, Christina Arslanian, Rodrigo Nalio Ramos, Mariana Morato, LenaFriederike Schimke, Paulo Vitor Soeiro Pereira, Sonia Jancar, Janaíra Fernandes Ferreira, Cristina Worm Weber, Gisele Kuntze, Nelson Augusto Rosario-Filho, Beatriz Tavares Costa Carvalho, Patricia Cruz Bergami-Santos, Mary J. Hackett, Hans D. Ochs, Troy R. Torgerson, Jose Alexandre Marzagão Barbuto, Antonio Condino-Neto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Nitroprusside-Induced Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: William R. Griswold
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Sodium nitroprusside is widely used to treat severe arterial hypertension and congestive heart failure. Metabolic acidosis and thiocyanate accumulation are known side effects of this drug. Recently, increased intracranial pressure has been reported as a side effect of nitroprusside administration in neurosurgical patients.<sup>1,2</sup>We observed intracranial hypertension owing to nitroprusside in a patient with metabolic encephalopathy. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 14-year-old girl was admitted for the treatment of coma. She was well until one week before admission when an upper respiratory tract infection and vomiting developed. On the morning of admission she had notable lability of affect, and she gradually became comatose. There was no history of trauma. On examination the pupils were dilated and fixed; disc margins were indistinct. Intermittent decerebrate posturing was noted and the doll's eyes response was absent. The blood pressure (BP) was 150/ 80 mm Hg. The patient's temperature was