tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The measure in vivo of regional cerebral oxygen utilization by means of oxyhemoglobin labeled with radioactive oxygen-15
Authors: Michel M. Ter-Pogossian, John O. Eichling, David O. Davis, Michael J. Welch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Regional cerebral oxygen utilization rate is measured in vivo by the following method:A small volume of blood with radioactive oxygen-15-tagged hemoglobin is rapidly injected into the internal carotid artery of the patient under study. The first injection is followed by the injection carried out under identical circumstances but with blood labeled with water-(15)O. After each injection, the distribution of the radioactive label in the brain is measured and recorded, as a function of time, by six collimated scintillation probes placed over the subject's head. The recording, subsequent to the first injection, reflects (a) the arrival of the labeled oxygen into the tissues, (b) its partial conversion into water of metabolism, and (c) the washout of labeled water from the brain. The ratio of the amount of labeled water formed to the amount of oxygen perfusing the tissues, which can be derived from the recording, is a measure of fractional oxygen utilization. The second injection provides a measure of blood flow by the interpretation of the washout of labeled water from brain tissues. The product, fractional oxygen utilization x blood flow x arterial oxygen content, gives a measure of oxygen utilization rate. Some aspects of the validity of this method are tested by the injection of a nondiffusible indicator, carboxyhemoglobin-(15)O. Regional cerebral oxygen utilization rates for a series of patients with cerebral pathology are reported.
Top education regulator in India is arrested on bribery allegations
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2010)

India’s Central Bureau of Investigation has arrested Ketan Desai, the president of the Medical Council of India, on allegations of bribery in a fresh case that threatens to sully the image of the country’s top agency involved in regulating medical education. Dr Desai is also president elect of the World Medical Association.

Investigators said last week that Dr Desai had sought 20 million rupees (£296 000; €350 000; $450 000) as a bribe from a private medical college in the northern Indian town of Patiala for approving admissions of students in the college for the academic year 2010-11. The council has the responsibility of inspecting and approving colleges.

The arrest comes only months after the council led by Dr Desai released a code of conduct that prohibits doctors from accepting cash, gifts, or hospitality of any kind from the drug industry ( BMJ 2010;340:c206, doi:10.1136/bmj.c206). Not all doctors are happy with the new …
What specialty after registration?
Authors: P Rhodes
Journal: BMJ (1982)

A few people know what career in medicine they wish to follow almost from schooldays. Some become interested in a subject as they go through the medical course and stick to that. Evidence about the career intentions of medical students shows that a large number of students keep changing their choice of career. This might be expected because few medical students have any real knowledge of many of the subjects and specialties of medicine?for example, pharmacology, pathology, radiology, oncology, ear, nose, and throat surgery, and ophthalmology. Students may not even be aware of the existence of endo? crinology or immunochemistry, for example. During the medical course their eyes are opened to worlds of which they never knew. Quite apart from the intrinsic interest of a particular subject, a student may be very much influenced by his high regard for a teacher of the subject. Their two personalities may be congruent, or the one may spark the other. There may be admiration and a desire to emulate, and these may be valuable in choosing a career. There are many doctors just registered who have not made up their minds or made decisions about what they ultimately want to do. There is no need for them to panic or be made uncomfort? able by those who are confident and sure. There is still plenty of time and opportunity left. The year or two after graduation may be looked on as experimental in deciding what you want to do, or as a series of liaisons before marriage. The object of an engagement is that it may be broken off before total commitment without undue harm to either party. The fact is that you cannot know what it means to practise a discipline of medicine until you have done so for some time. You develop images of these disciplines in your mind, which may or may not accord with reality. Many of them you discard because you cannot see yourself in them for a lifetime. This rejection is based in part on emotion and in part on your estimate of yourself, your interests, and your capabilities. All of these may mislead you, but you can probably trust yourself to know what you do not wish to do. The obvious choices here are those for or against surgery, or medicine, or laboratory medicine. A lot of people, for instance, know that they do not wish to practice surgery or obstetrics and gynaecology or paediatrics. If you think that you might like any of these specialties it might be sensible to take a six-month senior house officer post in the subject. Nothing will be lost, and the experience gained in anything medical is rarely without value intellectually or for later practice. Obviously you cannot go on sampling experiences indefinitely, but devoting a year to it, say, will not have been wasted. After all, you are taking a decision that may affect the whole of your professional, social, and domestic life, and you presumably want your career to give you enjoyment and satisfaction in many ways, including service to others. Deciding on which specialty to enter cannot be delayed indefinitely, but neither does it need to be rushed when there is genuine doubt.
Hypoglycemia and Hemostatic Parameters in Juvenile-onset Diabetes
Authors: J Hilsted, S Madsbad, J Dalsgaard Nielsen, T Krarup, L Sestoft, J Gormsen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Hypoglycemia was induced by intravenous infusion of insulin in six juvenile-onset diabetic subjects. Hemostatic parameters were assessed before insulin infusion and 0, 1, and 2 h after discontinuation of insulin infusion. The onset of hypoglycemia coincided with an enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in five of the patients; platelet aggregation returned to normal levels during the next 2 h. The recalcification time was significantly shortened at the onset of hypoglycemia and continued to decrease for the next 2 h despite the return of serum glucose to normal levels. Correspondingly, a significant increase in fibrinogen was found. The ethanol gelation test was positive in two patients 2 h after stopping insulin infusion. Platelet counts decreased significantly after stopping insulin infusion. Thus, insulin-induced hypoglycemia markedly affects hemostatic balance and may potentially lead to intravascular coagulation in juvenile-onset diabetic patients.
CURRENT CONCEPTS OE CUTANEOUS PORPHYRIA AND ITS TREATMENT WITH PARTICULAR REEERENCE TO THE USE OF SODIUM CALCIUMEDETATE
Authors: G. F. DONALD, G. A. HUNTER, W. ROMAN, ADELHEID E. J. TAYLOR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— In the period 1955–69, 71 cases of porphyria have been diagnosed in South Australia, and include 4 cases of porphyria variegata and 34 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda. The general principles of treatment include the avoidance of alcohol, sunlight and trauma, and the establishment of a good dietary routine. Such principles lead to clinical remission in some cases, particularly in those who excrete less than 1 mg. of urinary porphyrins per day, but the majority also require active treatment and in South Australia sodium calciumedetate has been the treatment most used. We believe that it is possible to estimate the amount of chelation which will be necessary to obtain clinical remission: of the 28 treated patients with cutaneous porphyria whom we have been able to keep under observation, 27 obtained complete clinical remission following treatment with sodium calciumedetate.
Purification to homogeneity of a high molecular weight human B cell growth factor; demonstration of specific binding to activated B cells; and development of a monoclonal antibody to the factor.
Authors: J L Ambrus, C H Jurgensen, E J Brown, A S Fauci
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1985)

High molecular weight B cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) produced by a T cell line was purified to homogeneity and demonstrated to bind specifically to activated human B cells. A monoclonal antibody to HMW-BCGF was developed that (a) specifically inhibited the activity of HMW-BCGF in enhancing B cell proliferation, (b) specifically bound to HMW-BCGF in Western blots, (c) specifically absorbed HMW-BCGF activity from culture supernatants, and (d) specifically absorbed an internally labeled protein from T-ALL supernatant which comigrates with HMW-BCGF on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. This antibody should help in cloning the gene for HMW-BCGF and further exploring the physiologic roles of HMW-BCGF.
The Holy Legal War against State-Hospital Psychiatry
Authors: A. Louis McGarry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Some years ago in the Journal, Paul Freund wrote that the law was basically conservative and adapted slowly and cautiously to change and advances in knowledge and social policy.1 In recent years, psychiatrists in public service, particularly those serving in state hospitals and as state mental-health commissioners, have had reason to wonder if Professor Freund was accurate. Since 1970, there have been massive legal challenges in the courts alleging that conditions and practices in public mental hospitals and schools for the retarded are violative of the civil rights of patients on various constitutional grounds. Under the Federal Civil Rights . . .
Variation of Mood and Empathy During Internship
Authors: Lisa M. Bellini
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Internship is a time of great transition, during which mood disturbances are common. However, variations in mood and empathy levels throughout the internship year have not been investigated.To examine mood patterns and changes in empathy among internal medicine residents over the course of the internship year.Cohort study of interns involving completion of survey instruments at 4 points: time 1 (June 2000; Profile of Mood States [POMS] and Interpersonal Reactivity Index [IRI]), times 2 and 3 (November 2000 and February 2001; POMS), and time 4 (June 2001; POMS and IRI).Internal medicine residency program at a university-based medical center.Sixty-one interns.Baseline scores of mood states and empathy; trends in mood states and empathy over the internship year.Response rates for time 1 were 98%; for time 2, 72%; for time 3, 79%; and for time 4, 79%. Results of the POMS revealed that physicians starting their internship exhibit less tension, depression, anger, fatigue, and confusion and have more vigor than general adult and college student populations (P<.001 for all). Results of the IRI showed better baseline scores for perspective taking (P<.001) and empathic concern (P =.007) and lower scores for personal distress (P<.001) among interns compared with norms. Five months into internship, however, POMS scores revealed significant increases in the depression-dejection (P<.001), anger-hostility (P<.001), and fatigue-inertia (P<.001) scales, as well as an increase in IRI personal distress level (P<.001). These increases corresponded with decreases in the POMS vigor-activity scores (P<.001) and IRI empathic concern measures (P =.005). Changes persisted throughout the internship period.We found that, in this sample, enthusiasm at the beginning of internship soon gave way to depression, anger, and fatigue. Future research should be aimed at determining whether these changes persist beyond internship.
FIBRINOLYSIS IN RELATION TO DERMATOLOGY
Authors: AMAL K. KURBAN, ROBERT H. TURNER, TERENCE J. RYAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article FIBRINOLYSIS IN RELATION TO DERMATOLOGY Get access AMAL K. KURBAN, AMAL K. KURBAN Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ROBERT H. TURNER, ROBERT H. TURNER Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar TERENCE J. RYAN TERENCE J. RYAN Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue s5, 1 May 1970, Pages 44–50, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb07988.x Published: 01 May 1970
Epicardial Ultrasonic Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation During Concomitant Cardiac Surgery Is a Valid Option in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Mark A. Groh, Oliver A. Binns, Harry G. Burton, Gerard L. Champsaur, Stephen W. Ely, Alan M. Johnson
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Surgical therapy of atrial fibrillation concomitant to coronary bypass grafting using epicardial Ultrasound technology was assessed after a minimum 6-month follow-up.A cohort of 98 consecutive patients with a mean age of 72+/-7.58 years and a primary diagnosis of ischemic heart disease had surgery for structural disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting was isolated (n=51) or associated (n=47) with various combinations of aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and left ventricular restoration surgery. Atrial fibrillation duration ranged from 6 to 360 months (mean 71 months) and was permanent in 47 patients, paroxysmal in 34, and persistent in 17. Left atrial mean diameter was 48+/-6.71 mm. A circumferential ablation was performed off-pump, before the concomitant procedure, and was always associated with an epicardial mitral line lesion using the same technology. At 3-, 6-, and 12-month visits, patients were routinely evaluated by physical examination, ECG, chest X-ray, and 24-hour Holter. There were 1 early death (1%) and 4 extracardiac late deaths. A pacemaker was implanted in 4 patients. Mean follow-up time was 325 days, 2 patients being lost to follow-up. Freedom from atrial fibrillation and flutter at the 6-month visit was 84% for the entire population, 76% in patients with permanent, and 91% in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. At the 1-year visit, 85% were free from atrial fibrillation or flutter.Epicardial beating heart ablation using therapeutic ultrasound is safe, reliable, and can easily treat atrial fibrillation in a difficult surgical population of patients with primary ischemic heart disease.
Detection of Atrial Perforation by Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: R P du CRET, B C AAFEDT, D STEINHORN, C C KUNI, R J BOUDREAU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

A 1-year-old boy who was three weeks postrepair of a double-outlet right ventricle was studied with hepatobiliary scintigraphy for evaluation of possible hepatic necrosis. An unusual scintigraphic pattern led to the discovery of a perforated right atrium secondary to central venous catheter placement. Findings were confirmed by echocardiography.
Characterization of biologically active, platelet-derived growth factor-like molecules produced by murine erythroid cells in vitro and in vivo.
Authors: A J Sytkowski, C O'Hara, G Vanasse, M J Armstrong, S Kreczko, N Dainiak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is an important serum regulator of erythropoiesis in vitro. We have now obtained evidence suggesting that PDGF-like molecules may also modulate erythropoiesis in vivo. Western blot analysis of cytoplasmic extracts from Rauscher murine erythroleukemia cells and phenylhydrazine-treated mouse splenic erythroid cells revealed the presence of several PDGF-like proteins. The presence of PDGF-like proteins in the cytoplasm of these two erythroid cell types was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Using a serum-free biologic assay, PDGF-like biological activity was found in cell lysates and conditioned medium of both Rauscher cells and phenylhydrazine-treated mouse erythroid cells. Subcellular localization experiments revealed the biological activity to be concentrated in the cytosolic fraction. Using a series of antibodies to hematopoietic growth factors we demonstrated that PDGF-like biological activity was specifically immunoprecipitated by both monoclonal and polyclonal anti-human PDGF antibodies but not by antibodies to burst-promoting activity, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-3, or erythropoietin. Taken together, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that PDGF-like molecules play a role in the regulation of mammalian erythropoiesis in vivo.
Regulation of N-type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Presynaptic Function by Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5
Authors: Susan C. Su, Jinsoo Seo, Jen Q. Pan, Benjamin Adam Samuels, Andrii Rudenko, Maria Ericsson, Rachael L. Neve, David T. Yue, Li-Huei Tsai
Journal: Neuron (2012)
Book Review Empathy and the Practice of Medicine: Beyond Pills and the Scalpel Edited by Howard M. Spiro, Mary G. McCrea Curnen, Enid Peschel, and Deborah St. James. 199 pp. New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press, 1993. $20. 0-300-05840-3
Authors: Howard Brody
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)
A NEW INHALER FOR NITROUS OXID ETHER SERIES.
Authors: SAMUEL IGLAUER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

walk but a few moments without being compelled to rest, and even standing quickly fatigued him.Diagnosis.-Adiagnosis was made of intercostal neuralgia and weakness from deformity.It seems probable that the ver¬ tebrae, though ankylosed, had been too far disintegrated to form a spine of sufficient strength to support the well-developed shoulders and chest.
[18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography–Positive Gastric Adenocarcinoma in a 12-Year-Old Girl With Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Authors: Christina Schneider, Thorsten Simon, Barbara Hero, Ursula Schulze Uphoff, Uta Drebber, Hakan Alakus, Elke Holinski-Feder, Frank Berthold, Markus Dietlein, Matthias C. Schmidt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)
Haemophilus aphrophilus bacteraemia complicated with vertebral osteomyelitis and spinal epidural abscess in a patient with liver cirrhosis
Authors: C.C. Hung, P.R. Hsueh, Y.C. Chen, C.T. Fang, S.C. Chang, K.T. Luh, W.C. Hsieh
Journal: Journal of Infection (1997)
A SIMPLE CLASSIFICATION OF GOITER
Authors: J. EARL ELSE
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The literature is full of classifications of goiter, each one differing from the other and all based on various pathologic, physiologic and clinical manifestations. All of the classifications have merit, but that none of them are sufficient is evidenced by the fact that the number is ever increasing. At the goiter clinic of the University of Oregon Medical School, we have been trying to simplify the classification in order to have one that the students can understand and use. The classifications of the past have included all the lesions to which the thyroid gland is heir. There is no more reason for including all the lesions of the thyroid under the term goiter than all the lesions of the kidney under the term nephritis. The degenerations of the thyroid are usually secondary to some type of goiter and are not primary types. Cystic goiter, for example, is usually an adenoma
An IgM Circulating Anticoagulant with Factor VIII Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Eugene M. McKELVEY, Hau C. Kwaan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

An acquired IgM type L inhibitor factor VIII was identified in a 63-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of arthralgia and occasional Raynaud's phenomenon. The patient has shown no evidence of underlying malignancy, drug sensitivity, collagen disease, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, or other overt dysproteinemia. The inhibitor was initially present in high titer (1:1200) and was not corrected in vitro with either porcine factor VIII or human cryoprecipitate. However, inhibitor activity was suppressed by specific antiserums to anti-human IgM and type L light polypeptide chains and by reduction and alkylation of the purified IgM antibody. Treatment with chlorambucil was accompanied by a reduction in the patient's serum anti-factor VIII activity.
Contraction of collagen lattices by fibroblasts from patients and animals with heritable disorders of connective tissue
Authors: P. DELVOYE, CORNELIA MAUCH, T. KRIEG, C.M. LAPIERE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Contraction of collagen lattices by fibroblasts from patients and animals with heritable disorders of connective tissue Get access P. DELVOYE, P. DELVOYE Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Tour de Pathologie, University of Liége, Sart Tilman, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar CORNELIA MAUCH, CORNELIA MAUCH Max‐Planck Institut für Biochemie, 8033 Martinsreid bei MünchenDermatologische Klinik der Ludwigs‐Maximilians‐Universität, 8 München‐2, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. KRIEG, T. KRIEG Max‐Planck Institut für Biochemie, 8033 Martinsreid bei MünchenDermatologische Klinik der Ludwigs‐Maximilians‐Universität, 8 München‐2, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.M. LAPIERE C.M. LAPIERE Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology, Tour de Pathologie, University of Liége, Sart Tilman, Belgium Dr C.M.Lapiere. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue 2, 1 August 1986, Pages 139–146, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb05709.x Published: 01 August 1986 Article history Accepted: 17 January 1986 Published: 01 August 1986
Effects of subacute experimental trypanosomal myocarditis upon right and left ventricular pressures
Authors: R. KUMAR, R. WAGNER, W. H. ABELMANN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

In order to elucidate the possible mechanism of preferential involvement and dilatation of the right ventricle and clinical predominance of right ventricular failure in myocarditis, right and left ventricular pressures were measured in 21 anaesthetized C3H mice with experimental subacute myocarditis on day 80 after inoculation with Trypanosoma cruzi and in 15 control animals. Myocarditis was accompanied by significant bradycardia, at 504 ± 20 beats/min, compared with 600 ± 12 beats/min in control animals. Whereas right ventricular systolic pressure was unaltered in myocarditis, left ventricular systolic pressure was significantly reduced from 102 ± 3·5 to 82 ± 4·4 mm Hg. Myocarditis was associated with significant elevations of both right and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures, from 2·0 ± 0·4 to 6·7 ± 0·4 mm Hg, and from 3·2 ±0·5 to 7·3 ± 0·5 mm Hg, respectively. It is postulated that the relative increase in right ventricular workload compared with a decrease in left ventricular load plays a pathogenetic role in the dominance of right ventricular involvement and failure.
Adverse Marijuana Reactions: A Critical Examination of the Literature with Selected Case Material
Authors: DONALD S. BIALOS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

After reviewing the literature the author concludes that there is a tendency to designate as adverse any reactions to marijuana that are psychotomimetic or anxiety provoking or that interfere with functioning. He feels that the definitions of the term "adverse marijuana reactions" are ambiguous. Before the term is applied, the user's character structure, expectations of the experience, environmental factors present at the time of ingestion, and the amount ingested should be taken into account.