tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulins in the jejunal mucosa in adult coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis after the reintroduction of dietary gluten.
Authors: M Lancaster-Smith, S Joyce, P Kumar
Journal: Gut (1977)

Cells containing immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) have been measured and the distribution of extracellular and epithelial cell immunoglobulin assessed in treated patients with adult coeliac disease (ACD) and dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) before and after gluten was reintroduced to the diet. Patients with ACD and DH frequently had IgM and IgG cells above the normal range even before re-exposure to gluten, although the range of IgA cells was normal. In both diseases IgA and IgM cells increased after gluten with a proportionally greater rise in the latter, so that numbers of IgM cells, but not of IgA, exceeded the control range in all but one patient. There were increased quantities of IgA and IgM extracellularly in the lamina propria and in epithelial cells after challenge with gluten. Third component of complement was also found in some biopsies after re-exposure to gluten. These findings support the suggestion that gluten induces a humoral immunological response within the small intestinal mucosa and that both IgA and IgM systems are involved.
Rain in my Heart
Authors: Michael Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2006)

This is a bleak and shocking documentary about end stage liver disease and alcoholism. In 1970s, the director Paul Watson found fame with The Family , the original “fly on the wall” documentary that was controversial for its intrusiveness and for taking a working class family as its subject. Now, with Rain in my Heart, Watson has made the documentary equivalent to The Lost Weekend (1945), the classic feature film about alcoholism, where a writer loses everything through drinking and ends up on a psychiatric ward. As with the film, this documentary presents some uncomfortable and hard …
Effects of aspirin and dipyridamole on the degradation of adenosine diphosphate by cultured cells derived from bovine pulmonary artery.
Authors: D J Crutchley, U S Ryan, J W Ryan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

To improve understanding of the mechanisms by which ADP is degraded during passage through the pulmonary vascular bed, we examined cultured endothelial and smooth muscle cells of bovine pulmonmary artery for their abilities to metabolize [8-14C]ADP. ADP is rapidly converted to AMP and then to adenosine, hypoxanthine, and inosine. Inosine is the major metabolite produced by endothelial cells. Radioactivity (5-10%) is accumulated intracellularly primarily as ATP. Medium containing 50 micro M ADP incubated with endothelial cells rapidly loses its ability to aggregate platelets and becomes antiaggregatory under conditions in which prostacyclin is absent. The antiaggregatory activity is probably the result of accumulated adenosine. 10 micro M dipyridamole inhibits cellular uptake of radioactivity by greater than 90%, and inosine in the medium is largely replaced by adenosine. This is accompanied by increased anti-aggregatory activity of conditioned medium, which can be matched by authentic adenosine at the same concentration. 1 mM aspirin had no effect on the metabolism of ADP by endothelial cells. Our results suggest: (a) Metabolism of ADP during passage through the lung is mainly the result of endothelial ADPase. (b) ADP released from aggregating platelets can be converted to the antiaggregatory substance, adenosine. Dipyridamole may exert some of its antithrombotic actions by preventing the intracellular uptake of adenosine, thereby increasing its concentration near the site of thrombus formation. (c) The ability of the vessel wall to degrade ADP should not be compromised by the use of aspirin as an antithrombotic drug. (d) Endothelium may retain some of its antithrombogenicity when prostacyclin generation is impaired.
TCT-821 Initial Experience With Transfemoral Implantation of the Prosthesis Edwards Sapien XT Without Previous Valvuloplasty in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Eulogio Garcia, Patricia Martin, Rosa Ana Hernandez, Carlos Ramon Rodas, Jorge Enrique Sandoval Berrocal, Ana Cuadrado, Carlos Almería, Carlos Macaya
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Evidence-Based Therapy for Recurrent Cervical Cancer
Authors: Bradley J. Monk, Krishnansu S. Tewari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Article Tools ONCOLOGY GRAND ROUNDS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2014.56.8733 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print July 28, 2014 PMID: 25071120 Evidence-Based Therapy for Recurrent Cervical Cancer Bradley J. MonkxBradley J. MonkSearch for articles by this author Krishnansu S. TewarixKrishnansu S. TewariSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Arizona Cancer Center, Creighton University School of Medicine at Dignity Health St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZUniversity of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2014.56.8733 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2014 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Drug points: Pseudophaeochromocytoma syndrome associated with clozapine
Authors: A. J Krentz
Journal: BMJ (2001)

could not be monitored.Even these patients could have been treated as outpatients if adequate professional care had been available at home.No serious complications were noted in patients treated in an outpatient setting.Another 9% of our patients presented in the emergency room and were already being treated for deep vein thrombosis suspected on clinical grounds alone.They were admitted until ultrasound examination could be performed.We thank Roswitha Frommhold of the nursing staff for excellent patient care and Harry R Büller, Amsterdam, for his helpful criticism.Contributors: TS and SMS had the original idea for the study, recruited a large number of patients, created the trial database,
Multiple Interacting Oncogenes on the 8p11-p12 Amplicon in Human Breast Cancer
Authors: Zeng Quan Yang, Katie L. Streicher, Michael E. Ray, Judith Abrams, Stephen P. Ethier
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The 8p11-p12 genomic region is amplified in 15% of breast cancers and harbors several candidate oncogenes. However, functional evidence for a transforming role for these genes is lacking. We identified 21 genes from this region as potential oncogenes based on statistical association between copy number and expression. We further showed that three of these genes (LSM1, BAG4, and C8orf4) induce transformed phenotypes when overexpressed in MCF-10A cells, and overexpression of these genes in combination influences the growth factor independence phenotype and the ability of the cells to grow under anchorage-independent conditions. Thus, LSM1, BAG4, and C8orf4 are breast cancer oncogenes that can work in combination to influence the transformed phenotype in human mammary epithelial cells. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(24): 11632-42)
TWO YEARS' OPERATING TO THE CLOCK
Authors: J. O'Conor
Journal: BMJ (1914)

the niass hlave foiind a lhard pylorus embedded in adlhesions: Dismayed by such experiences, they have co'nsidered the condition to be cancerous, and closed tlhe incision.A man, aged 38, was admitted into tiie Cancer Clharity witlh the diagnosis of gastric cancer, and hie had,; in tlle epigastric region, a scar left by an explorato6i incisioh; the su'rgeon wlio mace tllis in'di §ioi believed that tllis patient had an inbpeiable jyloric'cancer.I watchled the patient for many weelks, and doubting tbe' accuracy of tlhe diagnosis, advised hiim to-submit to gastrojejtinostomy.-In the course of tlhe operation I found the pyloric lalf of the stornacll completely fibrosed; its walls resembled scar tissue in colour tind consistenice.TIic gastro-jcjtunostolmiy was successful; the man left thle Canicer Chlarity, and rettirnied to hiis occupation.Thlis opelation was performned in January, 1912.In November, 1913, tlle man 'reported hiimself inl goocl healtlh, and was, earning hiis living by lhard ivork suchl as-llop-picking, pulling turniips, and digging.We examined -the conditioni of the stomacdh by means of' the x rays and a bismuth mieal; the new stoma could, be seen disclarging its functions very efficientlv.It is of the utmost service to us that tlhe improvenlents wlhich follow the establishliment of a new stoma in the stomach are capable of visual demionstration.Reports on tlhe results' of gastro-jejunostomy often contain accounts of patients whlo have been submitted to operation in the belief that a localized lump intheWwal1 of thli stomachl was cancerous; the surgeo-n-1i6a9 blen s-dir- prisecl, on exaniining the patient two y.df itEi:f t'ar'ds; o lilud tlhat the suspected cancerous l_iu' has qisappea rc.So many of tllese cases have been obseryed -anl irrt4 thlat surgeons willingly adm-it the.diffiultv of decitina' between a stomach' converted int t11t6Ulibma-nce'-6f,A leatlier b6ttle by cancer, oi' by iihfahigation.clhanges are iaot' confiled to 'examples iirnwllhcli thetst4orl.is uniformly affected, for the-clange' rnay be limited touI relatively small area of the 'stom-achl, Ai;t: it shiowX's clearl'Atle advantage, in doubtful ca`s'es, of giving "tIe ptatient the beniefit of tlhe doubt as w-ell' as thle benefit ljlch.gastro- jejulnostomy will bring llim if tle lup illhis stomacl is of inflamnmatory origin.All surgeons wlho have had muclh experience of gastro-jejunostomy for tumours of the stomachl will admit tllat patients often mike "excellemit anld permanent 'recoveries' after an operation, in spite of 'a dlismal prog,nosis.
Dr. Carl Wagner Disclaims Connection with the "Milwaukee University."
Authors: Carl Wagner
Journal: JAMA (1896)

We may strengthen ourselves and improve our Journal by strengthening the Association, than which no organization ever had nobler aims or pur¬ poses, and every member w7ill feel happier when he can truthfully say that he has done all he could to bring the whole profession in line under the banners of our Association, marching shoulder to shoulder in the sacred cause of humanity and science, and keep¬ ing step to the music of fraternal sympathy.
Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of Seven U.S. Case-Control Studies. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Black Women
Authors: Esther M. John, Alice S. Whittemore, Robin Harris, Jacqueline Itnyre
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Characteristics Relating to Ovarian Cancer Risk: Collaborative Analysis of Seven U.S. Case-Control Studies. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Black Women Get access Esther M. John, Esther M. John Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Alice S. Whittemore, Alice S. Whittemore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robin Harris, Robin Harris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jacqueline Itnyre, Jacqueline Itnyre Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group Collaborative Ovarian Cancer Group Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 2, 20 January 1993, Pages 142–147, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.2.142 Published: 20 January 1993
Hernia Repair without Disability
Authors: M. Kurzer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In 1964 Irving Lichtenstein, a Californian surgeon, presented a new way of dealing with inguinal hernias at the American Medical Association meeting in San Francisco. He encountered a mixture of disbelief and outrage and was bombarded by so many angry questions that the moderator suggested continuing the discussion outside the hall. “I was shocked,” he recalled. “So many people followed. Physicians were shouting questions at me, criticising me, challenging me. There was a great deal of confusion and disorganisation.”

The routine at that time was to keep the patient in hospital for as long as a week …
Withdrawing the Critical but Not the Care
Authors: Robert D. Orr
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article entitled "Withdrawing Care: Experience in a Medical Intensive Care Unit" by Dr Lee and colleagues<sup>1</sup>is an important addition to the literature. However, that title is painful to read! We can withdraw ventilators, we can withdraw life support, we may even sometimes withdraw treatment, but we never withdraw care. Francis Peabody would be very distressed with the authors and/or your editorial staff.<sup>2</sup>
Comparison of Human Eosinophils from Normals and Patients with Eosinophilia
Authors: David A. Bass, William H. Grover, Jon C. Lewis, Pamela Szejda, Lawrence R. DeChatelet, Charles E. McCall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Previous studies of the biochemistry and physiology of eosinophils have relied upon cells obtained from patients with eosinophilia (EE). It is unknown whether such cells might have been activated or partially exhausted by the pathological state causing eosinophilia. We examined cell surface charge, membrane transport of deoxyglucose, activation of lyso-somal acid phosphatase, and oxidative metabolism to provide a profile to compare EE with purified normal eosinophils (NE) and normal neutrophils.
Assessing adrenal insufficiency of corticosteroid secretion using free versus total cortisol levels in critical illness
Authors: Nienke Molenaar, A. B. Johan Groeneveld, Hilde M. Dijstelbloem, Margriet F. C. de Jong, Armand R. J. Girbes, Annemieke C. Heijboer, Albertus Beishuizen
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)
Effect of chronic resistive loading on ventilatory control in a rat model.
Authors: H E Greenberg, A Tarasiuk, R S Rao, M Kupferman, N Kane, S M Scharf, M ] Kuperferman M [corrected to Kupferman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Acute resistive loading of the airway has been shown to activate the endogenous opioid system, with subsequent depression of ventilation. The present investigation was designed to assess the effect of chronic airway loading on ventilation and CO2 sensitivity, and to determine whether the endogenous opioid system contributes to long-term modulation of ventilatory control in this setting. A flow-resistive ventilatory load was imposed in 2-mo-old rats by surgical implantation of a circumferential tracheal band that approximately tripled tracheal resistance. Respiration and CO2 sensitivity were serially and noninvasively assessed by barometric plethysmography over a period of 21 wk. Ventilatory output was assessed as minute inspiratory effort, which was defined as the product of plethysmograph signal amplitude, inspiratory time, and respiratory rate (RR). CO2 sensitivity was calculated as the percent change in minute inspiratory effort from room air to CO2 exposure. The effect of naloxone administration on these parameters was also determine. Arterial blood gases demonstrated hypercapnia with maintenance of normoxia in loaded rats; these findings persisted for the duration of the study. Two days after surgery, rats with tracheal obstruction demonstrated a lower RR than controls during room air breathing and during CO2 stimulation. CO2 sensitivity was significantly depressed in obstructed animals at this time. Escape from suppression of RR and CO2 sensitivity was evident by 14 to 21 d after obstruction; however, suppression of these parameters reappeared and was maintained from 56 to 147 d after obstruction. Naloxone augmented minute inspiratory effort during CO2 stimulation at 2 d after obstruction but not thereafter; naloxone had no effect in control rats. These data indicate that chronic airway loading suppresses RR and CO2 sensitivity in a triphasic manner. The early suppression is partially reversible by naloxone; late-appearing suppression is unaffected by naloxone and is presumably mediated by mechanisms that do not involve endogenous opioids.
Clear Breast Discharge
Authors: Ekkehard Kemmann
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section of a recent issue ofThe Journal(1982;247:687), a question regarding an adolescent boy with gynecomastia and clear breast discharge was presented. This patient seemed to have no other clinical abnormalities, and his serum prolactin level and sella turcica roentgenogram were reported to be normal. A question was raised as to the frequency of such an observation and the need for further testing. The response of the consultant considered the patient to have galactorrhea and was appropriate for a patient with galactorrhea and hyperprolactinemia. However, the patient had unilateral, clear breast discharge. Does this really constitute galactorrhea? From the literature, one can come up with a number of definitions for galactorrhea, yet we feel that the most succinct definition has been given by Kleinberg and co-workers when they describe galactorrhea as "any white discharge from the nipple that is persistent and
BCR-Mediated Decrease of CXCR4 and CD62L in CLL – Response
Authors: Amalia Vlad, Florence Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista, Nadine Varin-Blank, Dominique Ledoux
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

We previously reported that B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling promoted a concomitant decrease of CXCR4 and CD62L membrane expression only in progressive cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Recently, Quiroga and colleagues raised some challenging issues and pointed out discrepancies between the two reports.  In their letter, Quiroga and colleagues questioned our BCR stimulation protocol. Several studies, including ours, reported that soluble anti-immunoglobulin M (IgM) resulted in apoptosis, whereas immobilized anti-IgM or F(ab9)2 fragment both sustained cell survival (1–3). Hence, the increased cell survival following soluble F(ab9)2 exposure observed by Quiroga and colleagues is rather surprising.  We showed that downregulation of CXCR4 was associated with a reduced migration toward CXCL12. Our results are in agreement with numerous reports in various cell types including CLL cells (4). Quiroga and colleagues reported a similar CXCR4 decrease but associated to an unexplained increased chemotaxis toward CXCL12. They relied on data from normal B cells isolated from the bone marrow, hypothesizing that several CXCR4 variants confer differential responsiveness to CXCL12.  We considered studying BCR stimulation in the context of lymph nodes to be more relevant: (i) BCR stimulation occurs mainly in lymph nodes; (ii) a higher score of BCR-activated targets in lymph nodes versus bone marrow was recently found (5). Therefore, using a lymph node endothelial cell line in our adhesion assays seems a more physiological model than a bone marrow stromal cell line.  Quiroga and colleagues reported a decrease of CXCR4 associated with an increase of CD62L upon BCR engagement. In contrast, we found a systematically coordinated downregulation of both CXCR4 and CD62L occurring in the same subset of cells. We thus believe that our experimental data, done on a delineated subset of cells of 30 untreated patients, are stronger than the results expressed as the mean value of a whole cohort as provided by Quiroga and colleagues.  Finally, their inhibition experiment of Syk, the major BCR effector, restores CXCR4 and CD62L levels of expression. This result is in line with our data and is in agreement with the clinical observation on patients treated by the Syk inhibitor R788 showing an initial increase in circulating lymphocytes associated to a decrease in lymph node size, indicative of an exit of CLL cells from the lymph nodes.  Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest  No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease During Phenformin Therapy
Authors: MANUEL TZAGOURNIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

A prospective study of 137 patients with premature coronary disease was begun in 1965 to evaluate the influence of phenformin on mortality from cardiovascular disease. The subjects were treated with phenformin plus diet or diet alone. Twenty-five of the 137 patients (18%) died during the study. There were 9 deaths among 54 patients on diet (17%) and 16 deaths among 83 taking phenformin (19%). Cumulative survival showed no significant differences in any year between the two groups, despite higher mean base-line lipid levels in the phenformin group. In a subgroup of 104 patients entering after the first year and randomized to a phenformin or a diet group, 9 deaths among 50 patients (18%) on diet and 6 deaths among 54 (11%) taking phenformin occurred. There was no significant difference in cumulative survival between the two groups. In this study phenformin did not adversely influence mortality from cardiovascular disease.
Hurricane Katrina and Disaster Preparedness
Authors: Anna Maria Pou
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

ble 1 of our article) influence a child's ability to understand and develop oral speech-language after implantation, including the mode of communication used. 2 The studies we highlighted indicate that cochlear implants have provided children with hearing and oral language skills previously unknown in their peers who use hearing aids.This is particularly true when implants are provided at a young age (i.e., with a limited interval between the onset of deafness and implantation), thereby restricting the effects of deafness on the auditory system 3 and allowing the best potential for acquisition of oral speech and language skills. 4,5Certainly, unilateral cochlear implants do not provide normal hearing.With ongoing research and improvements in technology, we aim to better understand the effects of deafness on developing auditory systems and to more effectively promote auditory development for the purpose of oral speech-language learning.
A high-fat diet impairs liver regeneration in C57BL/6 mice through overexpression of the NF-κB inhibitor, IκBα
Authors: Robert A. DeAngelis, Maciej M. Markiewski, Rebecca Taub, John D. Lambris
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Despite the growing incidence of obesity, knowledge of how this condition, as well as associated steatosis, affects liver regeneration remains scarce. Many previous studies have used models of steatohepatitis or obesity induced by genetic alterations. In contrast, our studies on liver regeneration have focused on the effects of obesity resulting solely from high amounts of fat in the diet. This model more closely reflects the detrimental effects of dietary habits responsible for increased morbidity due to obesity and its complications in well-developed Western societies. Impairment of liver regeneration was observed after partial hepatectomy in mice fed a high-fat diet. Fatty livers were more susceptible to posthepatectomy damage and failure. The underlying molecular mechanism was associated with increased inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B alpha (IκBα) expression, which inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation and induction of its target genes, cyclin D1 and Bcl-xL, increasing sensitivity to apoptosis initiated by elevated tumor necrosis factor-alpha. In addition, since mice fed with a high-fat diet have higher leptin levels caused by increased adiposity, our work supports the hypothesis that the impairment of regeneration previously seen in genetically obese mice indeed results from liver steatosis rather than the disruption of leptin signaling. In conclusion , high fat in the diet impairs liver regeneration and predisposes steatotic livers to increased injury through IκBα overexpression and subsequent NF-κB inhibition. (Hepatology 2005.)