tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcium Supplements to Prevent Bone Loss
Authors: Stuart C. King
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 June 1994Calcium Supplements to Prevent Bone LossStuart C. KingStuart C. KingUniversity of Illinois College of Medicine; Peoria, IL 6160Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-12-199406150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although I found Aloia and colleagues' article [1] on calcium supplementation to prevent postmenopausal bone loss educational, I am concerned that the placebo group had a smoking pack-year mean of 18.6, compared with 12.5 and 12.8 pack-years for the calcium and hormone replacement groups, respectively. It is reasonably well documented that smoking is associated with osteoporosis [2, 3]. Although the authors found no statistical difference among the means, I am concerned that this difference could have artifically lowered the results of the placebo group, thus making calcium supplementation, with and without hormone replacement, appear more effective.References1. Aloia JF, Vaswani A, Yeh JK, Ross PL, Flaster E, Dilmanian FA. Calcium supplementation with and without hormone replacement therapy to prevent postmenopausal bone loss. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:97-103. Google Scholar2. Daniell HW. Osteoporosis of the slender smoker: vertebral compression fractures and loss of metacarpal cortex in relation to postmenopausal cigarette smoking and lack of obesity. Arch Intern Med. 1976; 136:298-304. Google Scholar3. Williams AR, Weiss NS, Ure CL, Ballard J, Daling JR. Effect of weight, smoking, and estrogen use on the risk of hip and forearm fractures in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynecol. 1982; 60:695-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Stuart C. KingAffiliations: University of Illinois College of Medicine; Peoria, IL 6160 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1994Volume 120, Issue 12Page: 1047KeywordsBone resorptionCalciumEstrogen replacement therapyOsteoporosis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Rapid-access ultrasonography for testicular lesions
Authors: T. Ambury
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

In their article on the two-week cancer wait for urology (June 2004 JRSM1), Mr Allen and his co-workers suggest an alternative scheme for assessing testicular problems— namely, rapid-access ultrasonography. In my area of Chorley & South Ribble PCT this exists already, and conversations with colleagues indicate that it does so elsewhere. Indeed, an ultrasound request for scrotal imaging querying a sinister outcome will certainly be seen within two weeks and, if the request form is backed by a telephone contact with the ultrasound team, may be attained within a few days.

It is not then a question of 'offering GPs rapid access' but ensuring that communication between urology, radiological and general practice teams is effective, so that such imaging is considered part of the 'normal' work-up of suspected testicular pathology. My experience is that patients are very satisfied with this approach and the two-week cancer rule is reserved for those who really do need it.
'CDC WONDER' Computer Use Revolutionizes Acquiring, Applying Reams of Public Health Data
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A REVOLUTION is under way in acquiring, analyzing, and using data of public health significance. Computerized systems are being developed that incorporate public health principles into clinical medicine. Says Andrew Friede, MD, MPH, chief, Public Health Information Systems Branch, Information Resources Management Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga: "The world is changing. Today we need accurate and timely information, not just data, to make decisions affecting the public health." The focus, Friede told members of the American Public Health Association during their annual meeting in Washington, DC, is "on speeding and simplifying hypotheses about the distribution and determinants of diseases in populations into usable information in ways that will support public health practice." Ultimately, he says, "as these improved computerized data and information systems come into operation they should lead to new ways of thinking and practicing public health." <h3>Real-Time Epidemiology</h3> Not that there is anything
IgG autoantibodies to type VII collagen and an exclusive IgG3 reactivity to the laminin α3 chain in a patient with an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease
Authors: Adrian Baican, Yoshiaki Hirako, Zelmira Lazarova, Kim B. Yancey, Detlef Zillikens, Cassian Sitaru
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
Diabetes in pregnancy in Mexican Americans
Authors: Dorothy R Hollingsworth, Yvonne Vaucher, Thomas R Yamamoto
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Diabetes in pregnant Mexican-American women is a serious and expensive health problem. At the University of California, San Diego Medical Center, 44% of pregnant women are Mexican American. In the Diabetes in Pregnancy Clinic, only 7% of women with insulin-dependent diabetes are in this ethnic group compared with 66% of non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 51% of those with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). GDM is the most common complication of pregnancy in Mexican Americans with a prevalence approximately three times higher than that of whites (4.5 vs. 1.5%). Mexican-American obese GDM subjects had more frequent cesarean sections and were more likely to have complications of premature rupture of membranes and preterm labor (NS). Polycythemia and sepsis also occurred more often in their infants. Anthropometric measurements in infants of both lean and obese GDM subjects differed from those of infants of mothers without GDM. Infants of lean mothers with GDM were heavier and longer than those of lean mothers without GDM. In addition, they had increased waist-hip ratio and triceps and subscapular skin folds. Infants of obese mothers with GDM were heavier than those of lean mothers with GDM. Moreover, they were longer (P &amp;lt; 0.04); had a higher body mass index (P &amp;lt; 0.04); and larger waist and hip circumferences (P &amp;lt; 0.03) and buccal (P &amp;lt; 0.01), subscapular (P &amp;lt; 0.01), and sum of skin-fold measurements (P &amp;lt; 0.03). Our observations indicate that pregnant diabetic Mexican-American women have predominantly GDM and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. They represent a major public health problem because of increased maternal and neonatal morbidity.
Cancer incidence rate and mortality rate in sickle cell disease patients at Howard University Hospital: 1986-1995
Authors: Fitzroy W. Dawkins, Kyung Sook Kim, Richard S. Squires, Reginald Chisholm, John A. Kark, Elliott Perlin, Oswaldo Castro
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

The incidence of cancer in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is not known. The 10-year follow-up data on 696 patients with SCD was analyzed at our institution in order to determine the cancer incidence and cancer mortality rates. The age range was 18 to 79 years, with a mean age of 28.8 years. There were 377 females and 319 males. The median follow-up was 3 years. Five patients developed cancer during this period. The cancer incidence rate was 5/2,864 or 1.74 per 1,000 patient years. The 95% CI was 0.64 to 4.32 per 1,000 patient years. There were 68 deaths with 3 being due to cancer. The cancer mortality rate was 3/2,873 or 1.04 cases per 1,000 patient years. Our data represent the first published paper that the authors are aware of, where the cancer incidence and mortality rates have been calculated for any group of patients with SCD. Am. J. Hematol. 55:188–192, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A NEW STETHOSCOPE.
Authors: EDMUND F. WOODS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In presenting to the profession the stethoscope shown here I wish to recommend it for its simplicity, lightness and durability. The bell is made from very hard metal, nickle-plated, and so thick that it shuts out all outside sounds. It, therefore, conveys the heart and lung sounds better and more clearly than any other instrument I have been able to find, and especially gives the heart sounds without the humming sound so noticeable in other stethoscopes.
The impact of adhesion peptides within hydrogels on the phenotype and signaling of normal and cancerous mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Michael S. Weiss, Beatriz Peñalver Bernabé, Ariella Shikanov, Dennis A. Bluver, Michael D. Mui, Seungjin Shin, Linda J. Broadbelt, Lonnie D. Shea
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
How Representative Are the Weights of Insured Men and Women?
Authors: Carl C. Seltzer
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The weights of insured persons are not representative of the weights of the general population; they appear to be appreciably lower. This is particularly marked in the case of women. The trend toward decreasing weight in insured women is contrary to the actual trend toward increasing weight of women in the general American population. The reason for these differences may be sought in part in the self-selection of persons applying for insurance under ordinary policies, and in part in the selective process applied by life insurance companies in the issuance of these policies.
Biochemical and histochemical changes pertaining to active and healed cutaneous tuberculosis
Authors: K. Jayasankar, H. Shakila, K.C. Umapathy, V.D. Ramanathan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Fibrosis is one of the major causes of post-treatment morbidity in tuberculosis. The molecular basis of fibrosis in active and healed tuberculous lesions is yet to be fully characterized.To measure the tissue levels of collagen, elastin, fibronectin, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and zinc in active and healed lesions of cutaneous tuberculosis.Biopsy lesions obtained from 17 patients with active cutaneous tuberculosis and 12 patients after a 6-month regimen of antituberculous chemotherapy were examined. Collagen, elastin and zinc were estimated biochemically. In addition, the presence of collagen IV, TGF-beta and fibronectin were determined immunohistochemically.It was found that collagen, elastin, fibronectin and TGF-beta levels were higher in the active lesions. The levels of zinc were similar in both active and healed lesions. Clinically, scar tissue or keloid formation was not seen in any of the healed lesions.Effective antituberculous chemotherapy will lead to a substantial reduction of fibrosis and the consequent disability that can arise in patients with tuberculosis.
The Health Insurance Debacle
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

After the well publicized falling-out late in July between President Carter and Senator Kennedy on national health insurance, I asked a White House staff member who is closely concerned with the subject to speculate on the outcome of this latest chapter in this very long-running health-policy drama.His judgment was that "History is on our side."Asked to offer something more tangible than confidence in so fickle an ally as history, he shrugged. And with good reason. The Carter Presidency, as we are constantly reminded from all quarters, is generally seen in Washington as politically impotent, perhaps unfairly, but on . . .
A Population Health Framework for Setting National and State Health Goals
Authors: David A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The NLRP12 Sensor Negatively Regulates Autoinflammatory Disease by Modulating Interleukin-4 Production in T Cells
Authors: John R. Lukens, Prajwal Gurung, Patrick J. Shaw, Maggie J. Barr, Md. Hasan Zaki, Scott A. Brown, Peter Vogel, Hongbo Chi, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Temporal Trends in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality and Sudden Cardiac Death From 1950 to 1999
Authors: Caroline S. Fox, Jane C. Evans, Martin G. Larson, William B. Kannel, Daniel Levy
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Throughout the past 50 years, heart disease has been the leading cause of death in the United States. Although declines in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality have been noted, there is still uncertainty about the magnitude of the decline and whether the trend is similar for sudden cardiac death (SCD).We examined temporal trends in SCD and nonsudden CHD death in the Framingham Heart Study original and offspring cohorts from 1950 to 1999. SCD was defined as a death attributed to CHD with preceding symptoms that lasted less than 1 hour; all deaths were adjudicated by a physician panel. Log-linear Poisson regression was used to estimate CHD mortality and SCD risk ratios (RRs); RRs were adjusted for age and gender. There were 811 CHD deaths: 453 nonsudden and 358 SCDs. Ninety-one (20%) of nonsudden CHD deaths and 173 (48%) of SCDs were in subjects free of antecedent CHD. From 1950-1969 to 1990-1999, overall CHD death rates decreased by 59% (95% CI 47% to 68%, P(trend)<0.001). Nonsudden CHD death decreased by 64% (95% CI 50% to 74%, P(trend)<0.001), and SCD rates decreased by 49% (95% CI 28% to 64%, P(trend)<0.001). These trends were seen in men and women, in subjects with and without a prior history of CHD, and in smokers and nonsmokers.The risks of SCD and nonsudden CHD mortality have decreased by 49% to 64% over the past 50 years. These trends were evident in subjects with and without heart disease, which suggests important contributions of primary and secondary prevention to the decreasing risk of CHD death and SCD.
Nonvisualization of an Enlarged Spleen on Ga-67 Scintigraphy but Demonstrated by CT after Splenic Irradiation
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, PEGGY A. DOMSTAD, FRANK H. DeLAND, YOSH MARUYAMA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Presence of enlarged spleen using CT with absence of splenic visualization in Ga-67 citrate images in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia and splenomegaly after splenic irradiation was observed. Since Howell-Jolly bodies had not been identified in the peripheral circulation, the finding of splenic nonvisualization was explained by disassociated splenic functions, which are not tightly coupled, and some activities that can be suppressed by irradiation without impairing others. The Ga-67 splenic localization mechanism is probably more sensitive and liable to disruption by irradiation, and was independent of spleen size. Ga-67 scintigraphy and Tc-99m sulfur colloid liver-spleen scintigraphy are two organ function-dependent imaging procedures, while CT provides anatomic information.
Continuous-Chest-Compression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Gordon A. Ewy
Journal: Circulation (2007)

I t is well known that out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death is a leading public health problem in the industrialized world.In the absence of early defibrillation, survival rates of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in most areas of the world are dismal and, except for a recent report of an improved rate of survival when their paramedic protocol was changed, have remained essentially unchanged. 1,
Liver transplantation in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) : study in a cohort of 29 patients and long-term results in 10 patients
Authors: D. Adams, D. Samuel, C. Goulon-Goeau, PMP Costa, M. Nakazato, S. Metral, H. Bismuth, G. Said
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
PRECOCIOUS PUBESCENCE AND MENTAL GROWTH
Authors: ARNOLD GESELL
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Does precocious sexual maturation have a demonstrable effect on the curve of mental development? The problem is of theoretical and also of practical significance. There is a vague, popular view, sometimes uncritically shared by the physician, that adolescence is a time when the backward child "outgrows" his retardation. The implication behind this optimism is that puberty produces some activator which will give a special impetus to mental growth. We have had an opportunity to inquire into this question in two well defined cases of puberty praecox at the Yale Psycho-Clinic. One of these girls has been under our observation four years, the other five years. We have made periodic mental measurements to determine the curve of mental growth, and these data have been reported in detail in a monograph dealing particularly with the psychologic aspects of the problem.<sup>1</sup>The outstanding observations are briefly summarized here because of their medical
Abstract 1031: The effects of NT1014, a novel AMPK activator, on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Authors: Joshua Kilgore, Amanda L. Jackson, Haifeng Qiu, Chunxiao Zhou, Kenneth Batchelor, Paola Gehrig, Victoria Bae-Jump
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Anti-diabetic biguanide drugs, such as metformin, have been shown to have anti-tumorigenic effects by behaving as AMPK activators and mTOR inhibitors. NT1014 (NovaTarg Therapeutics) is a novel AMPK activator that enters cells specifically through the organic cation transporter, OCT1. Thus, we sought to assess the effect of NT1014 on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Methods: Ovarian cancer cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay after exposure to NT1014. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V-FITC assay. Cell cycle progression was evaluated by Cellometer. Phosphorylated-S6, pan-S6, and OCT1 were evaluated by Western immunoblotting analysis. Results: NT1014 significantly inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in both ovarian cancer cell lines (IC50 1000 μM for SKOV3, 500 μM for IGROV1), within 48 hours of exposure. Treatment with NT1014 resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest in both cell lines. Apoptosis occurred in IGROV1 cells exposed to NT1014, but not in SKOV3 cells. Western immunoblot analysis demonstrated that NT1014 decreased phosphorylation of the S6 protein, a key downstream target of the mTOR pathway. Expression of OCT1 was also decreased in a dose-dependent fashion. Conclusion: NT1014 suppressed ovarian cancer cell growth, predominantly through G1 cell cycle arrest, and resulted in inhibition of the mTOR pathway. More work is needed to determine if metformin and related novel agents, such as NT1014, will be beneficial in the treatment of women with ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Joshua Kilgore, Amanda L. Jackson, Haifeng Qiu, Chunxiao Zhou, Kenneth Batchelor, Paola Gehrig, Victoria Bae-Jump. The effects of NT1014, a novel AMPK activator, on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1031. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1031
Measuring granulocyte apoptosis in airway inflammation
Authors: M G Kelly
Journal: Thorax (2002)

We read with interest the paper by Turlej et al describing enhanced survival of lung granulocytes in an animal model of asthma.1 As discussed by the authors, modulation of immune cell apoptosis is likely to be important in controlling inflammatory processes, and the paper enhances our understanding of this.

However, we feel that there are some methodological problems with the study. Firstly, the animal model they describe, though having some similarities with asthma, is closer to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells in this model. This condition is often known as COPD in horses.2

Secondly, although the authors refer to the use of annexin V (AV) and propidium iodide (PI), they do not describe the methodology used or how they interpreted the staining with AV and PI. This is important because there are controversies surrounding the interpretation of …
The Prostate Gland: A Review of its Anatomy, Pathology, and Treatment
Authors: A. H. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Propoxyphene-Overdose Deaths
Authors: Ronald J. Dougherty
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> With reference to Dr McBay's letter (233:1257, 1975), I would like to make the following comments. We are observing in upper New York State (Onondaga County) an equally alarming increase in the number of deaths from propoxyphene, either accidental from an overdose, or intentional as suicides. The Onondaga County Medical Examiner reported 11 deaths in 1974 secondary to propoxyphene ingestion. There were four barbiturate suicides. Most of the propoxyphene deaths have been of an accidental (overdose) nature. Certainly one of the reasons for the large number of propoxyphene deaths is related to the misconception on the part of the physician that this drug is innocuous. However, propoxyphene is structurally related to methadone. In fact, Forest Tennent, MD, in California directs a propoxyphene napsylate maintenance clinic for clients who demonstrate heroin-craving. It has been our experience that propoxyphene differs from other narcotics in that users are observed to