tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines of care for nevi. II. Nonmelanocytic nevi, hamartomas, neoplasms, and potentially malignant lesions
Authors: None Committee on Guidelines of Care, Lynn A Drake, Roger I Ceilley, Raymond L Cornelison, William L Dobes, William Dorner, Robert W Goltz, Gloria F Graham, Charles W Lewis, David M Pariser, Stuart J Salasche, John W Skouge, Maria L Chanco Turner, Barbara J Lowery, Robert W Goltz, David R Barron, Alvin H Clair, Kenneth G Gross, Charles W Lewis
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)
Results of the Transplantation of Blood Vessels, Organs and Limbs
Authors: Alexis Carrel
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>INTRODUCTION.</h3> The idea of replacing diseased organs by sound ones, of putting back an amputated limb or even of grafting a new limb on a patient having undergone an amputation, is doubtless very old. The performance of such operations, however, was completely prevented by the lack of a method of uniting vessels, thus re-establishing a normal circulation through the transplanted structures. The feasibility of these grafts depended on the development of the technic. The history of vascular surgery is too well known to need repetition. It recently reached the active stage of its development with the experiments of Murphy in Chicago and of Payr in Gratz. Murphy united the arteries by invagination and suture, while Payr used a magnesium tube. The remarkable experiments performed in 1903 by Hoepfner with the method of Payr gave an illustration of what could be obtained in vascular surgery by a proper method. Finally a
P75The calcineurin splicing isoform CnAbeta1 is implicated in early cardiac differentiation and reduces pathological cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: J M Gomez Salinero, M Villalba-Orero, MM Lopez-Olaneta, E Lara-Pezzi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have the ability to proliferate indefinitely in culture, and to differentiate into all embryonic lineages. Although the transcriptional program that coordinates pluripotency has been progressively unveiled during the past few years, the signalling pathways that regulate early differentiation events are not completely understood. We have recently described that CnAbeta1, an alternative splicing variant of the phosphatase calcineurin, enhances muscle regeneration and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. CnAbeta1 lacks the autoinhibitory domain typical of calcineurin, and instead has a unique C-terminal domain with no similarity to any known protein. Unlike other calcineurin isoforms, CnAbeta1 has no impact on NFAT-regulated genes and instead activates the Akt pathway. CnAbeta1 is strongly expressed in stem and progenitor cells, although its role in these cells is unknown. We found that CnAbeta1 downregulation had no effect on ESC pluripotency. However, CnAbeta1 depletion in mESCs during the first 48 hours of differentiation specifically affected differentiation towards the cardiac mesoderm lineage promoting hematopoietic differentiation. In contrast, CnAbeta1 1 overexpression promoted cardiac differentiation. Our results suggest that CnAbeta1 1 regulates mESC differentiation through the control of the Akt/GSK3 signalling pathway. To determine the role of CnAbeta1 in the adult heart, we developed cardiac-specific CnAbeta1 transgenic mice overexpressing CnAbeta1 specifically in cardiomyocytes and CnAbeta1Δi12 knockout mice that lack CnAbeta1's unique C-terminal domain. We found that CnAbeta1Δi12 mice show increased cardiac hypertrophy in response to trans-aortic banding, whereas transgenic mice overexpressing CnAbeta1 have decreased hypertrophy and fibrosis, and improved cardiac function. Together, these results suggest that CnAbeta1 is implicated in early cardiac differentiation, and that it reduces pathological cardiac hypertrophy in the adult heart.
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> Pumping Kinetics Regulates Timing of Local Ca <sup>2+</sup> Releases and Spontaneous Beating Rate of Rabbit Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker Cells
Authors: Tatiana M. Vinogradova, Didier X.P. Brochet, Syevda Sirenko, Yue Li, Harold Spurgeon, Edward G. Lakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Rationale: Sinoatrial node cells (SANCs) generate local, subsarcolemmal Ca 2+ releases (LCRs) from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during late diastolic depolarization. LCRs activate an inward Na + -Ca 2+ exchange current ( I NCX ), which accelerates diastolic depolarization rate, prompting the next action potential (AP). The LCR period, ie, a delay between AP-induced Ca 2+ transient and LCR appearance, defines the time of late diastolic depolarization I NCX activation. Mechanisms that control the LCR period, however, are still unidentified. Objective: To determine dependence of the LCR period on SR Ca 2+ refilling kinetics and establish links between regulation of SR Ca 2+ replenishment, LCR period, and spontaneous cycle length. Methods and Results: Spontaneous APs and SR luminal or cytosolic Ca 2+ were recorded using perforated patch and confocal microscopy, respectively. Time to 90% replenishment of SR Ca 2+ following AP-induced Ca 2+ transient was highly correlated with the time to 90% decay of cytosolic Ca 2+ transient (T-90 C ). Local SR Ca 2+ depletions mirror their cytosolic counterparts, LCRs, and occur following SR Ca 2+ refilling. Inhibition of SR Ca 2+ pump by cyclopiazonic acid dose-dependently suppressed spontaneous SANCs firing up to ≈50%. Cyclopiazonic acid and graded changes in phospholamban phosphorylation produced by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation, phosphodiesterase or protein kinase A inhibition shifted T-90 C and proportionally shifted the LCR period and spontaneous cycle length ( R 2 =0.98). Conclusions: The LCR period, a critical determinant of the spontaneous SANC cycle length, is defined by the rate of SR Ca 2+ replenishment, which is critically dependent on SR pumping rate, Ca 2+ available for pumping, supplied by L-type Ca 2+ channel, and ryanodine receptor Ca 2+ release flux, each of which is modulated by cAMP-mediated protein kinase A–dependent phosphorylation.
Treatment of Primary Isolated Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Esophagus With Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Yingqun Zhou, Xuanfu Xu, Ling Xu, Yaping Xu, Jie Lu, Dong Wu, Xingpeng Wang, Chuanyong Guo
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2011)
Sudden Failure of Swimming in Cold Water
Authors: W. R. Keatinge, C. Prys-Roberts, K. E. Cooper, A. J. Honour, J. Haight
Journal: BMJ (1969)

To investigate the effect of cold water on swimming four men who declared themselves good swimmers were immersed fully clothed on separate days in water at 23.7 degrees and 4.7 degrees C. The time that they were able to swim in the cold water was much shorter than in the warm. The two shortest swims ended after 1.5 and 7.6 minutes, before rectal temperature fell, when the men suddenly floundered after developing respiratory distress with breathing rates of 56-60/min. The other cold swims, by the two fattest men, ended less abruptly with signs of general and peripheral hypothermia.It is concluded that swimming in cold water was stopped partly by respiratory reflexes in the thin men and hypothermia in the fat, and partly by the cold water's high viscosity. The longer swimming times of the fat men are attributed largely to their greater buoyancy enabling them to keep their heads above water during the early hyperventilation.The findings explain some reports of sudden death in cold water. It is clearly highly dangerous to attempt to swim short distances to shore without a life-jacket in water near 0 degrees C.
Time Until Treatment Equipoise
Authors: Alia Noorani, Mikko Hippelainen, Samer A. M. Nashef
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
NOTE ON NASAL HÆMORRHAGE.Read in the Section of Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: FRANK HAMILTON POTTER
Journal: JAMA (1890)

The object of this short note is to call attention to the symptom of bleeding from the nasal passages depending upon or associated with deformities of the septum, especially of its anterior portion. This observation is not new, but will be found in most of the works treating of nasal diseases. We find, however, that as a rule, the writers consider that the haemorrhage is caused by a slight erosion located at some point of the deformity. For instance, Bosworth says:— "Slight deformities of the septum are probably the cause and source of an epistaxis more frequently than any other lesion met with in the nasal cavity, the apex of the projecting portion becoming the seat of a slight erosion, probably as the result of attrition by the dust-laden current of the inspired air. In this way the walls of the blood-vessels become thin, while
An elderly woman with weight loss and diarrhoea
Authors: A. L Mitchell, S. Pearce
Journal: BMJ (2009)

An 80 year old woman presented to her general practitioner in July 2006 with a 2 month history of diarrhoea. She complained that she passed loose stools approximately four times a day and had to get up at night to open her bowels. Her appetite had been poor and, as a consequence, she thought that she had lost approximately 6 kg in weight. The patient had noticed that the diarrhoea began shortly after one of her regular medications, dosulepin hydrochloride, had been stopped. Her only medical history was hypertension, angina, and a benign breast lump. She was a non-smoker and did not drink any alcohol. Her regular medications were as follows: aspirin 75 mg once daily, atenolol 50 mg twice daily, bendroflumethiazide 2.5 mg once daily, doxazosin 6 mg once daily, and simvastatin 40 mg once daily. The patient was referred to a gastroenterologist and an outpatient computed tomography colonography was arranged. The results of this investigation were normal. Routine blood tests were requested at the initial consultation and the results were as follows (normal ranges shown in brackets): Her thyroid function was subsequently monitored (table⇓). View this table: Thyroid function test results from July 2006 to October 2007
Results of sympathetic denervation in the canine heart: supersensitivity that may be arrhythmogenic.
Authors: H Inoue, D P Zipes
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Latex-induced transmural myocardial infarction or epicardial application of phenol interrupts sympathetic fibers innervating myocardium apical to the infarction or to the phenol-painted area. These denervated regions subsequently show supersensitive shortening of effective refractory period (ERP) in response to the infusion of norepinephrine (denervation supersensitivity). The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that such denervation supersensitivity is arrhythmogenic. Ventricular arrhythmias were elicited by programmed ventricular stimulation (PVS) during a control period, during bilateral stimulation of the ansae subclaviae (4 msec pulses, 4 Hz and 3 mA), and during the infusion of norepinephrine (0.5 microgram/kg/min). Study groups consisted of 14 sham-operated dogs, 16 dogs with phenol painted over a diagonal branch, 13 dogs with latex embolization of a diagonal branch that resulted in transmural myocardial infarction, 14 dogs with a one-stage ligation of a diagonal branch producing nontransmural myocardial infarction, and 12 dogs undergoing both phenol painting and one-stage ligation of a diagonal branch. Four to 22 days after the first operation, PVS was performed in anesthetized, open-chest dogs after neural decentralization of the heart. Dogs with phenol painting on the epicardium and dogs in which latex was injected into a diagonal branch showed supersensitive shortening of ERP to infused norepinephrine at apical sites. PVS resulted in ventricular fibrillation more often during stimulation of the ansae subclaviae (p less than .001) and infusion of norepinephrine (p less than .001) than during the control state in dogs treated with phenol alone. The incidence of ventricular fibrillation was highest in dogs with ligation-induced infarction that received phenol compared with all other groups during control (p less than .001), stimulation of the ansae subclaviae (p less than .002), and the infusion of norepinephrine (p less than .01). Propranolol (0.5 mg/kg or 10 mg iv at maximum) attenuated supersensitive shortening of ERP and decreased the incidence of induction of ventricular fibrillation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Increase in pertussis may be due to increased recognition and diagnosis
Authors: D. Jenkinson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

I have meticulously studied all cases of whooping cough in my practice since 1977 and I have published many papers on the subject, mainly in the BMJ .

The increase in reported cases coincides with similar increases in the US and Australia.1 A large proportion of this increase is probably the result of better recognition and diagnosis. My data provide good evidence that it never …
Social and environmental factors in lung cancer mortality in post-war Poland.
Authors: H S Brown, R Goble, H Kirschner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Poland and other Eastern European countries have undergone heavy industrial development with marked increases in air pollution and occupational exposure in the nearly 50 years since World War II. These countries have also experienced substantial increases in chronic disease mortality in the past three decades. While it is tempting to assume a direct association between these phenomena, more detailed analyses are called for. Poland offers a potentially rich opportunity for comparing geographical patterns of disease incidence and of industrial change. In this paper we 1) elucidate the prospects for attributing lung cancer mortality to industrial emissions in Poland, using an ecological approach based on the hitherto unaddressed geographic differences, and accounting for regional differences in cigarette consumption; 2) propose explanatory hypotheses for the observed geographic heterogeneity of lung cancer; 3) begin systematic testing of the widely accepted but not well-scrutinized notion that pollution in Poland is a major contributor to declining life expectancy. Regions with the highest fraction of cancer that cannot be explained by smoking appear to be highly urbanized, have high population exposure to occupational carcinogens, experience the highest rates of alcoholism and crime, and are associated with the post- World War II population resettlement. Although the analysis does not rule out pollution as a significant contributor to lung cancer mortality, it indicates that other factors such as occupational exposures and various social factors are of at least comparable importance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Off-pump mitral valve repair using the coapsys device: A pilot study in a chronic pacing-induced model of functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Masahiro Inoue, Zoran Popovic, Kazuyoshi Doi, Soren Schenk, Hassan Nemeh, Yoshio Ootaki, Michael W. Kopcak, Raymond Dessoffy, James D. Thomas, Patrick M. McCarthy, Kiyotaka Fukamachi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
(18) Pachydermoperiostosis with anaemia and splenomegaly
Authors: J.K. Schofield, K. Grice, J. Kearney
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article (18) Pachydermoperiostosis with anaemia and splenomegaly Get access J.K. Schofield, J.K. Schofield Hemel Hempstead General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Grice, K. Grice Hemel Hempstead General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kearney J. Kearney Hemel Hempstead General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue s33, 1 July 1988, Pages 76–77, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb05421.x Published: 01 July 1988
Fetal chlorpyrifos exposure: adverse effects on brain cell development and cholinergic biomarkers emerge postnatally and continue into adolescence and adulthood.
Authors: Dan Qiao, Frederic J Seidler, Charlotte A Tate, Mandy M Cousins, Theodore A Slotkin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Fetal and childhood exposures to widely used organophosphate pesticides, especially chlorpyrifos (CPF), have raised concerns about developmental neurotoxicity. Previously, biomarkers for brain cell number, cell packing density, and cell size indicated that neonatal rats were more sensitive to CPF than were fetal rats, yet animals exposed prenatally still developed behavioral deficits in adolescence and adulthood. In the present study, we administered CPF to pregnant rats on gestational days 17-20, using regimens devoid of overt fetal toxicity. We then examined subsequent development of acetylcholine systems in forebrain regions involved in cognitive function and compared the effects with those on general biomarkers of cell development. Choline acetyltransferase, a constitutive marker for cholinergic nerve terminals, showed only minor CPF-induced changes during the period of rapid synaptogenesis. In contrast, hemicholinium-3 binding to the presynaptic choline transporter, which is responsive to nerve impulse activity, displayed marked suppression in the animals exposed to CPF; despite a return to nearly normal values by weaning, deficits were again apparent in adolescence and adulthood. There was no compensatory up-regulation of cholinergic receptors, as m2-muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding was unchanged. CPF also elicited delayed-onset alterations in biomarkers for general aspects of cell integrity, with reductions in cell packing density, increases in relative cell size, and contraction of neuritic extensions; however, neither the magnitude nor timing of these changes was predictive of the cholinergic defects. The present findings indicate a wide window of vulnerability of cholinergic systems to CPF, extending from prenatal through postnatal periods, occurring independently of adverse effects on general cellular neurotoxicity.
Coronary Angioplasty in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Kevin E. Kip, David P. Faxon, Katherine M. Detre, Wanlin Yeh, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Jesse W. Currier
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. To date, the baseline status and subsequent outcomes of diabetic coronary angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, or PTCA) patients with advanced atherosclerotic disease and with procedures performed across North America have not been well characterized.Data on baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes of 281 diabetic and 1833 nondiabetic PTCA patients in the multicenter National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 1985-1986 PTCA Registry were analyzed. Diabetic patients were older, were more likely to be female, and had more comorbid baseline conditions, triplevessel disease, and atherosclerotic lesions. Angiographic success and completeness of revascularization did not differ significantly, yet diabetic patients experienced more in-hospital death (women) and nonfatal myocardial infarction. Nine-year mortality was twice as high in diabetic patients (35.9% versus 17.9%). Similarly, 9-year rates of nonfatal myocardial infarction (29.0% versus 18.5%), bypass surgery (36.7% versus 27.4%), and repeat PTCA (43.7% versus 36.5%) were higher in diabetics than in nondiabetics. In multivariate analysis, diabetes remained a significant predictor of decreased 9-year survival and other untoward events.Compared with nondiabetic PTCA patients, diabetic patients have more extensive and diffuse atherosclerotic disease. Despite similar probability of angiographic success, diabetic patients are more likely to suffer in-hospital death(women) and nonfatal myocardial infarction. Long-term survival and freedom from myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization is also reduced in diabetic PTCA patients. Whether PTCA or coronary bypass surgery is more suitable for these patients is currently under investigation.
Early changes in coagulation following a paracetamol overdose and a controlled trial of fresh frozen plasma therapy.
Authors: B G Gazzard, J M Henderson, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1975)

Early changes in coagulation were found in patients following a paracetamol overdose. Low levels of clotting factors II, V and VII were present within 24 hours of the overdose. As the levels of factor II correlated with plasma fibrinogen values at this time, it is possible that they were consumed in the process of intravascular coagulation, although this was not supported by the presence of raised titres of fibrin degradation products. The prothrombin time ratio was greater than 2-2 within 30 hours of ingestion of the overdose in all patients who eventually died, whereas it was less than this in those developing only moderate liver damage. The administration of fresh frozen plasma to patients did appear to reduce the maximum abnormality of the prothrombin time ratio, which was significantly less three days after the overdose in the group receiving fresh frozen plasma. However, the coagulation disturbance was of short duration, and the prothrombin time ratio had also returned to normal within one week of the overdose in the control patients, and the administration of fresh frozen plasma did not appear to reduce the morbidity or mortality in the treated patients.
Preferential expression of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor VPAC1 in human cord blood-derived CD34+CD38− cells: possible role of VIP as a growth-promoting factor for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: M Kawakami, T Kimura, Y Kishimoto, T Tatekawa, Y Baba, T Nishizaki, N Matsuzaki, Y Taniguchi, S Yoshihara, K Ikegame, T Shirakata, S Nishida, T Masuda, N Hosen, A Tsuboi, Y Oji, Y Oka, H Ogawa, Y Sonoda, H Sugiyama, I Kawase, T Soma
Journal: Leukemia (2004)