tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Clinical Study of Buerger's Disease in Israel.
Authors: Richard M. Goodman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965A Clinical Study of Buerger's Disease in Israel.Richard M. Goodman, M.D., Beatrice Elian, M.D., Mark Mozes, M.D., Victor Deutsch, M.D.Richard M. Goodman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Beatrice Elian, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Mark Mozes, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Victor Deutsch, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1069_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn view of the long held association of Buerger's disease in Jews and the recent controversy concerning this disease and arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO), a clinical investigation of Buerger's disease in Israel was undertaken: (1) to define further by clinical and laboratory means the spectrum of this disorder, (2) to determine its frequency among the various Jewish ethnic groups, and (3) to search for familial aggregation.Eighty cases meeting our criteria for this diagnosis of Buerger's disease were studied. Eighty percent of the 79 Jewish cases occurred in the Ashkenazim group. This predominance of cases in one ethnic group is statistically... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1069-1069KeywordsClinical laboratoriesJewish peopleResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute viral hepatitis B: laboratory reports 1980-4.
Authors: S Polakoff
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Reports ofpatients with acute clinical hepatitis B have been received from laboratories in England, Wales, and Ireland since 1972.All available evidence suggests that since 1975 these reports include most of the cases ofacute hepatitis B infection, in England at least. 1 -'The annual number of reports, which was about 1000 in each of the years 1975 to 1979, increased during the next five year period to more than 1200 in 1981, 1982, and 1983, with a sharp rise to almost 2000 in 1984 (table I).
Remarks on "Analgesics."
Authors: J. K. Spender
Journal: BMJ (1887)

disease, chlorate of potash should be given, with the object of keeping the child alive during its further detention in utero.Simpson's theory was that, because chlorate of potash contained six atoms of oxygen to one of chlorine and one of potassium, it would sensibly in- crease the amount of oxygen in the mother's blood, and afford a larger proportion of this element for the placental respiration of the fcetus.The maternal blood-current being thus more abundantly charged with oxygen than under ordinary circumstances, a smaller portion of sound placenta could absorb more for the requirements of the fcetus, and so supplement the function of those parts of the organ damaged or destroyed.Whether this theory be true or not, it is certain that many practitioners have testified to its utility as well as to its harm- lessness.Dr. Playfair suggests that it may act, in virtue of its tonic properties, on the constitution of the mother ; and I think it may act usefully as an alkaline salt in preventing the formation of coagula and fibrinous deposits in the placenta.It is given in ten or fifteen grain doses three times a day, and may be administered at any period of
Quantification of relative coronary arterial stenosis by cinevideodensitometric analysis of coronary arteriograms.
Authors: A B Nichols, C F Gabrieli, J J Fenoglio, P D Esser
Journal: Circulation (1984)

A computerized method for measuring relative coronary arterial stenosis by cinevideodensitometric analysis of 35 mm coronary arteriograms was developed and validated. Video images of projected coronary arteriographic frames were digitized into a 512 X 512 matrix (256 gray levels) by computer analysis that compared integrated contrast density measured over stenotic and normal arterial segments after background subtraction. Pixel density was 70 to 80 pixels/mm2 actual area. In phantom studies performed on plexiglass cylinders, cinevideodensitometric measurements correlated linearly with concentration of contrast medium (r = .99), with cross-sectional areas (r = .99) of contrast-filled cylinders 1 to 4 mm in diameter over a wide range of contrast concentrations (25% to 100%), and with relative stenosis of eccentric lesions in the cylinders (r = .99, SEE = 3.9%). In postmortem studies of patients who died after undergoing coronary arteriography, videodensitometric measurements of relative stenosis correlated highly (r = .97, SEE = 7.0%) with percentage stenosis based on actual area measurements obtained histologically with computer-assisted microscopic planimetry. Cinevideodensitometric analysis of coronary arteriograms was reproducible (r = .92, SEE = 7.7%), and interobserver variability was low (r = .99, SEE = 4.3%). In addition, videodensitometry provided comparable values for eccentric coronary lesions filmed in right anterior oblique and left anterior oblique projections (r = .99, SEE = 1.9%). Cinevideodensitometric analysis is an accurate, rapid method for quantifying the relative stenosis of eccentric coronary lesions without manual tracing of arterial borders.
Training in Psychiatry for Physician Mothers
Authors: Patrica Wanning
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Giving the title "A Woman's Place..." to my letter (<i>JAMA</i><b>189:</b>645 [Aug 24] 1964) concerning "Residency Training in Psychiatry for Physician Mothers" (<i>JAMA</i><b>189:</b>11 [July 6] 1964) permits the general impression that I believe a woman's place is in the home. I don't. I simply believe that the home is far and away the best place to learn child psychiatry. I regret the time I wasted trying to get "further training" while Nanny took care of my children. Fortunately, Nanny left. Studying the dreams of others is<i>less</i>educational than coping with the real needs of one's own children. To pretend otherwise is schizophrenogenic.
Intracellular Free Magnesium Deficiency Plays a Key Role in Increased Platelet Reactivity in Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jerry L Nadler, Sam Malayan, Helen Luong, Sylvia Shaw, Rama D Natarajan, Robert K Rude
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Mg deficiency may be an important factor leading to cardiovascular disease. Diabetic subjects show an increase in platelet reactivity that can enhance the risks of vascular disease. In addition, diabetic patients have been reported to be at risk of developing extracellular Mg deficiency. However, the intracellular free Mg concentration and its role in the enhanced platelet reactivity in diabetes is not known.We evaluated the intracellular erythrocyte (RBC) Mg2+ concentration in 20 non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetics. In addition, the effects of intravenous 3-h drip or 8 wk of oral Mg supplementation on intracellular RBC Mg2+ levels and platelet reactivity was studied. To more clearly evaluate the direct role of Mg in these effects, we induced isolated Mg deficiency in 16 nondiabetic control subjects with an Mg-free liquid diet for 3 wk.The intracellular RBC Mg2+ concentration of diabetic patients was significantly reduced compared with values in nondiabetic control subjects (166 +/- 7 vs. 204 +/- 7 microM, P less than 0.01). Serum Mg levels were also reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the control subjects (1.59 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.9 +/- 0.1 mEq/L, P less than 0.05). Oral Mg supplementation for 8 wk (400 mg/day) restored RBC Mg2+ concentration to normal without significantly changing serum Mg concentration. Both intravenous and oral Mg supplementation markedly reduced platelet reactivity in response to the thromboxane A2 analog, U46619. The Mg-free diet resulted in a significant reduction in RBC Mg2+ concentration and markedly enhanced the sensitivity of platelet aggregation to U46619 and ADP.These results suggest that type II diabetic patients have intracellular Mg2+ deficiency and that Mg deficiency may be a key factor in leading to enhanced platelet reactivity in type II diabetes. Therefore, Mg supplementation may provide a new therapeutic approach to reducing vascular disease in patients with diabetes.
Relapse of Depressive Symptoms After Discontinuing Sertraline
Authors: Ross J. Baldessarini
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relationships between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and hemodynamics and hematocrit in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Richard Moreau, Antoine Hadengue, Eric Pussard, Olivier Soubrane, Philippe Sogni, Christophe Gaudin, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

We studied the relationships in 29 patients with cirrhosis between pulmonary arterial atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and the following: systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics, the hematocrit, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, oxygen tension and the severity of cirrhosis. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations ranged from 21 to 208 pg/ml and averaged 78 ± 8 pg/ml (mean ± S.E.M.). Simple regression analysis showed significant correlations between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration and the following: hematocrit, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, wedged hepatic venous pressure, free hepatic venous pressure, pulmonary wedged pressure and serum bilirubin concentrations. No significant correlations were found between plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations and all other hemodynamic values, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation and oxygen tension. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the hematocrit, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and wedged hepatic venous pressure were significant and independent predictors of pulmonary artery plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations (R 2 = 0.69). Partial regression coefficients were −0.74 (p &lt;0.001), 0.61 (p &lt;0.001) and 0.44 (p &lt; 0.05) for the hematocrit, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure and the wedged hepatic venous pressure, respectively. In conclusion, in patients with cirrhosis, increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations were related to the degree of hemodilution, increased pulmonary arterial pressure and the degree of portal hypertension. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations were not influenced by the arterial oxygenation levels. (Hepatology 1991;14:1035-1039.)
Left ventricular remodeling differs in chronic aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation following surgical correction
Authors: Kameswari Maganti, Nawaid M. Shakir, Beverly Smulevitz, Bonnie J. Kane, Ashwin Nagaraj, David A. Fullerton, Robert O. Bonow, David D. McPherson, Vera H. Rigolin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Multicentre trial of naproxen and phenylbutazone in acute gout.
Authors: R.A Sturge, J.T Scott, E.B Hamilton, S.P Liyanage, A.S Dixon, J Davies, C Engler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

Naproxen 750 mg as a single dose followed by 250 mg three times daily has been compared with phenylbutazone 200 mg four times daily for 48 hours followed by 200 mg three times daily for treatment of acute gout in an open study on 41 patients. The drugs were equally effective with few and relatively mild side effects. Naproxen is a useful alternative agent for the treatment of acute gout.
Long-term Inhalation of High-dose Nitric Oxide Increases Intraalveolar Activation of Coagulation System in Mice
Authors: TETSU KOBAYASHI, ESTEBAN C. GABAZZA, SHINO SHIMIZU, HIROKI YASUI, HISAMICHI YUDA, OSAMU HATAJI, KAZUO MARUYAMA, TORU YAMAUCHI, KOJI SUZUKI, YUKIHIKO ADACHI, OSAMU TAGUCHI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Inhalation of nitric oxide (NO) is useful for the treatment of patients with pulmonary hypertension. However, the potential toxicity of inhaled NO is still unclear. Coagulation activation plays an important role in lung injury. We assessed the effect of low- and high-dose inhaled NO on the coagulation system in the intraalveolar space of mice. The animals were assigned to five groups (n = 6): [RA] group, mice exposed to fresh air alone; [RA+2 ppm NO] group, fresh air and 2 ppm NO; [RA+40 ppm NO] group, fresh air and 40 ppm NO; [RA+2 ppm NO+O(2)] group, fresh air, 2 ppm NO and O(2); and [RA+40 ppm NO+O(2)] group, fresh air, 40 ppm NO and O(2). Each group was treated for 3 wk. Lung specimens of [RA+40 ppm NO] and [RA+40 ppm NO+O(2)] groups showed significant nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity. BALF concentrations of total protein, thrombin and soluble tissue factor were significantly increased in mice of [RA+40 ppm NO] and [RA+40 ppm NO+O(2)] groups compared with [RA] group. However, BALF concentrations of total protein, thrombin, and soluble tissue factor were not significantly increased in mice of [RA+2 ppm NO] and [RA+2 ppm NO+O(2)] groups compared with [RA] group. Lung tissue factor mRNA expression was higher in the high-dose NO group than in the low-dose NO group. NO donor increased significantly tissue factor activity on alveolar epithelial cells. This study has shown for the first time that long-term inhalation of high, but not low, concentration of NO may activate the clotting system by increasing the lung expression of tissue factor.
The rise of progressive dwindling
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2014)

Should we concentrate our efforts on the most common ailments or indulge our fascination for the obscure? The answer, I guess, rests on whether we are talking about our professional or private lives. A reasonable assumption is that in our professional lives we focus on where we can have the biggest impact. In private, take your pick.

Medical research is an enterprise that by rights should address the big questions facing humanity. But there is a clear mismatch between the risk factors that are responsible for the greatest global burden of disease and research expenditure. Journal editors are just as culpable as researchers and funding bodies in seeking out answers to questions that do not really matter. The questions that matter go unanswered.

This month's issue highlights two particular challenges. Norovirus is possibly the most common enteric pathogen and a major cause of short-term illness. There is wide media coverage of outbreaks and its economic burden on the NHS is around £100 million each year. Globally, diarrhoeal diseases are responsible for the fourth greatest burden of disease. It makes sense that research funding should follow? Michael Head and colleagues analyse funding awarded for norovirus research to institutions in the United Kingdom and find that it is unacceptably low given the burden of disease and disability.1

Separately, Clive Bowman and Julienne Meyer examine the purpose and the clinical practice of care for the frail.2 An analysis of life trajectories to death of a large group of US Medicare beneficiaries discovered that 20% of deaths follow a clear clinical transition from treatable to unrelenting progression (e.g. cancer), 20% of deaths are related to progressive long-term conditions (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), 20% of deaths are sudden (e.g. myocardial infarction) and the final 40% of deaths follow a period of ‘progressive dwindling'. The authors argue that, with our ageing population, progressive dwindling is rising in importance and it is difficult to study using standard research methodologies.

In both these situations, the arguments for more attention seem compelling and demand a passion for research as exemplified by clinical trials pioneer Nasarwanji Hormusji Choksy, who urged the Indian Government in 1923 to create a special sanitary preventive and curative service.3 Even if the masses are not ready for an intensive campaign of sanitary education, he argued, they need concrete demonstrations of the benefits that sanitary reform promises. To reinterpret Choksy, even if the masses are not ready for an intensive campaign on progressive dwindling, they need concrete demonstrations of the benefits of limiting its effects.
MANAGEMENT OF CASES OF HIGH ANISOMETROPIA.
Authors: EDWARD JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Among 1000 consecutive cases of ametropia requiring correction, 62 presented one eye at least 1 D. more hyperopic or more myopic than the other. Of these, the difference amounted to 2 D. or upward, what might be regarded as high anisometropia, in 27. In addition to these, there were in the same series, 43 cases in which the astigmatism of one eye was 2 D. (or more) higher than the astigmatism in the other eye; or there was 1 D. or upward of astigmatism in each eye, and 20° or more difference in the directions of the meridians of greatest refraction. Among these the difference of astigmatism was 4 D., or there were 2 D. of astigmatism in each eye with 20° divergence of meridians in 19 cases. Among 1000 cases of ametropia there were, therefore, 107 that may be practically classed as cases of anisometropia; and of these, 46
Possible detection of atherosclerotic coronary calcification by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: E W Rogers, H Feigenbaum, A E Weyman, R W Godley, K W Johnston, R C Eggleton
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Using two-dimensional echocardiography, a technique was developed for digitizing reflected acoustic signals and performing variable signal processing. This resulted in accentuation of differences in focal reflectivity of target tissues and improved ultrasonic tissue characterization. Study of a learning population of 200 patients demonstrated abnormal specular reflections from the proximal left coronary artery in patients with coronary artery disease. A prospective study of 100 patients was then performed to test the reliability of this method in predicting the presence of significant stenosis. Abnormal echocardiograms were a highly sensitive (94%) but less specific (65%) indicator of significant atherosclerosis of the left coronary symstem. One-third of patients had fluoroscopically identifiable coronary calcification, and 95% had abnormal echocardiograms. We postulate that our echocardiographic findings may be secondary to the presence of small amounts of coronary calcification. Echocardiographic tissue differentiation, therefore, may prove to be a noninvasive means of evaluating patients for coronary atherosclerosis.
Acute Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Stroke
Authors: Sankalp Gokhale
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Association between outcome of pregnancy and glycaemic control in early pregnancy in type 1 diabetes: population based study
Authors: R. Temple
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Recent studies of pregnancy in women in the United Kingdom with type 1 diabetes have shown a fourfold to tenfold increased risk of congenital malformation and a fivefold increased risk of perinatal mortality compared with non-diabetic women. 1 2 These studies used different measures of glycaemic control (concentrations of glycated haemoglobin and fructosamine) both within and between centres so no conclusions were reached about the relation between outcome and glycaemic control.We conducted a population study examining the relation between glycaemic control in early pregnancy and outcome of pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes.
Eosinophil peroxidase in sputum represents a unique biomarker of airway eosinophilia
Authors: P. Nair, S. I. Ochkur, C. Protheroe, K. Radford, A. Efthimiadis, N. A. Lee, J. J. Lee
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background Sputum eosinophilia has been shown to be a predictor of response to anti‐eosinophil therapies in patients with airway diseases. However, quantitative cell counts and differentials of sputum are labor intensive. The objective of this study was to validate a novel ELISA ‐based assay of eosinophil peroxidase ( EPX ) in sputum as a rapid and reliable marker of airway eosinophils. Methods The utility of EPX ‐based ELISA as an eosinophil‐specific assay was achieved through comparisons with sputum eosinophil differential counts in freshly prepared and archived patient samples from a variety of clinical settings. Results EPX levels in sputum correlated with eosinophil percentage ( r s = 0.84) in asthma patients with varying degrees of airway eosinophilia. Significantly, unlike assays of other eosinophil granule proteins (e.g., ECP and EDN ), which often detect the presence of these proteins even in asthma patients with neutrophilic bronchitis, EPX ‐based ELISA levels are not increased in this subset of asthma patients or in COPD patients lacking evidence of an airway eosinophilia. Moreover, sputum EPX was a surrogate marker of airway eosinophilia in other patient studies (e.g., allergen inhalation and treatment trials the anti‐( IL ‐5) therapeutic Mepolizumab™). Finally, EPX levels in cytocentrifuged prepared sputum supernatants correlated with those from rapidly prepared noncentrifuged filtrates of sputum ( r s = 0.94). Conclusion and clinical implication EPX ‐based ELISA is a valid, reliable, repeatable, and specific surrogate marker of eosinophils and/or eosinophil degranulation in the sputum of respiratory patients. The novel EPX assay is a valid and reproducible eosinophil‐specific assay that can potentially be developed into a point‐of‐care assessment of eosinophil activity in airway secretions.