tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Publish and be damned
Authors: K. Patel
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Increased metabolic flux produces potentially harmful side-products, such as reactive dicarbonyl and oxygen species. The reactive dicarbonly methylglyoxal (MG) can impair oxidative capacity, which is downregulated in type 2 diabetes. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) of subfamily A (Hsp70s) promote ATP-dependent processing of damaged proteins during MG exposure which also involve mitochondrial proteins. Since the protection of mitochondrial proteins could promote higher production of reactive metabolites due to increased substrate flux, tight regulation of HspA-mediated protein handling is important. We hypothesized that stress-inducible HspAs (HspA1A/HspA1B) are pivotal for maintaining mitochondrial biogenesis during acute MG-stress. To analyze the role of stress-inducible HspA1A/HspA1B for maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis during acute MG exposure, we knocked out HSPA1A/HSPA1B in mouse endothelial cells. HSPA1A/HSPA1B KO cells showed upregulation of the mitochondrial chaperones HspA9 (mitochondrial Hsp70/mortalin) and HspD1 (Hsp60) as well as induction of mitochondrial biogenesis upon MG exposure. Increased mitochondrial biogenesis was reflected by elevated mitochondrial branching, total count and area as well as by upregulation of mitochondrial proteins and corresponding transcription factors. Our findings suggest that mitochondrial HspA9 and HspD1 promote mitochondrial biogenesis during acute MG stress, which is counterregulated by HspA1A/HspA1B to prevent mitochondrial overstimulation and to maintain balanced oxidative capacity under metabolic stress conditions. These data support an important role of HSPs in MG-induced hormesis.
Letter: Postoperative pseudomembranous colitis.
Authors: A R Crapp, J Powis, C Clark, M R Keighley, J Alexander-Williams
Journal: BMJ (1975)

County, Denmark, blood samples were drawn in the fasting state at 8 a.m. for determination of serum levels of calcium, protein, cholesterol, and triglyceride.The serum calcium levels were corrected to a constant serum protein level.2All determinations were made in duplicate, and the co- efficients of variation (C.V.) of duplicate measurements and the mean values and standard deviations (S.D.) are given in the table.A ihighly significant inverse corre- lation was found between serum calcium and serum triglyceride (r= -0-36, P<0001).No significant correlation was found between serum calcium and serum cholesterol (r = 0-03, P>0 05). C.v. (from Serum LevelsNo. of Mean S.D. duplicate Subjects measurements)Calcium (mmol/l) 80 2-46 0-06 0m8nt Cholesterol (mmol/l) 80 7-04 1-48 1-50°O Triglyceride (mmol/l) 80 1-27 0-95 2-6 ,Conversion: SI to Traditional Units-Calcium: 1 mmol/l -4 mg!100 ml.Cholesterol: 1 mmol/l -38-6mg'100 ml.Triglyceride: 1 mmol/l 88 5 mg/100 ml.Our results seem to be supported by the findings that serum cholesterol is lower than normal in patients with hyperparathyroidism and that the seruim concentration of lipids increases after operation.3They indicate that in the elderly serum calcium levels in the lower part of the normal range are not pro- tective against raised serum lipid levels.-We are, etc.
Long-Term Mortality after Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Ted D. Adams, Richard E. Gress, Sherman C. Smith, R. Chad Halverson, Steven C. Simper, Wayne D. Rosamond, Michael J. LaMonte, Antoinette M. Stroup, Steven C. Hunt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Although gastric bypass surgery accounts for 80% of bariatric surgery in the United States, only limited long-term data are available on mortality among patients who have undergone this procedure as compared with severely obese persons from a general population.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF LEUKONYCHIA.*
Authors: J. C. MITCHELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1953)

Journal Article A CLINICAL STUDY OF LEUKONYCHIA. Get access J. C. MITCHELL J. C. MITCHELL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 65, Issue 4, 1 April 1953, Pages 121–130, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1953.tb15676.x Published: 01 April 1953
Simulation and the psychology of sociopathy
Authors: Joseph L. Hernandez Cruz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Mealey's (1995a) psychological explanation of the sociopath's antisocial activity appeals to an incomplete or nonstandard theory of mind. This is not the only possible mechanism of mental state attribution. The simulation theory of mental state ascription offers a better hope of explaining the diverse elements of sociopathy reported by Mealey.
Capsule endoscopy in a child with a jejunal hemangioma
Authors: M. Tabbers, K. Bruin, M. Benninga, D. Vieira-Travassos, J. Oudshoorn
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A boy aged 2 years and 5 months was referred to our tertiary medical center due to recurrent melena, with a maximum fall in hemoglobin to 9.6 g/dl. Gastroduodenoscopy and ileocolonoscopy failed to detect a bleeding source. Although a Meckel’s scan was negative, laparoscopy was carried out, as there was a strong clinical suspicion of a Meckel’s diverticulum. No abnormalities were seen, and the boy was admitted to hospital to undergo video capsule endoscopy. The capsule was introduced endoscopically with the patient under general anesthesia and passed uneventfully with the feces within 24 h. On CE, a purplish-blue lesion with a central depression was seen 196 min after passage of the pylorus (Figure [1]). The lesion was suspected to be a hemangioma. Laparoscopy was therefore carried out, demonstrating a hemangioma 2.2 cm long (Figure [2]), which was subsequently resected (Figure [3]).
ADDRESS ON PRACTICAL MEDICINE.
Authors: JOHN V. SHOEMAKER
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Gentlemen of the American Medical Association: A year ago you conferred upon me the honorable position of Chairman of the Section of the Practice of Medicine, Materia Medica, and Physiology of your Society. As Chairman, it is made imperative upon me, by our By-laws, to lay before you a résumé of the progress made and the new discoveries announced in these branches of our science during the past year. The responsibility of this duty, in view of the numerous investigations and important discoveries by the members of the medical profession throughout the civilized world, and the steadily increasing volume of medical literature, etc., renders the task more and more difficult with each succeeding year; for as new theories arise and supplant older ones, they, in turn, will be superseded by others yet unheralded. The unbiased gleaning of what has been done is a feat of no mean proportion, and if
The Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery Randomized Controlled Trial: The MARS Feasibility Study
Authors: Tom Treasure, David Waller, Carol Tan, James Entwisle, Mary O’Brien, Ken O’Byrne, Gill Thomas, Michael Snee, James Spicer, David Landau, Loïc Lang-Lazdunski, Judith Bliss, Clare Peckitt, Shaun Rogers, Erica Marriage (née Denholm), Gillian Coombes, Mark Webster-Smith, Julian Peto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Acute Intraocular Inflammation after Intravitreous Injections of Bevacizumab for Treatment of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Sanjeewa S. Wickremasinghe, Kira Michalova, Jagjit Gilhotra, Robyn H. Guymer, C. Alex Harper, Tien Y. Wong, Salmaan Qureshi
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
Human skin surface lipid film: an ultrastructural study and interaction with corneocytes and intercellular lipid lamellae of the stratum corneum
Authors: HAMM-MING SHEU, SHEAU-CHIOU CHAO, TAK-WAH WONG, None YU-YUN LEE, JUI-CHEN TSAI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Sebum is a complex mixture of lipids, which is secreted by mammalian sebaceous glands, and forms a fluid film over the skin surface. After sebum is secreted, it becomes mixed with lipid from the keratinizing epithelium and forms the skin surface lipid film (SSLF). Until now, direct fine structural observation of the SSLF has been lacking. In the present work, we viewed the detailed structures of the human SSLF by ruthenium tetroxide staining. The results showed that the SSLF formed an amorphous sheet of variable thickness on the skin surface instead of forming lipid droplets, as had been the usual assumption. In general, its thickness was < 0.5 microm or even negligible in sebum-poor extremities. However, in the sebum-rich face, its thickness was > 4 microm in focal areas. Consistent with the thickness of SSLF, the sebum quantity showed great regional variation. It varied from 1 microg/cm2 (leg) to 189 +/- 42.7 microg/cm2 (mean +/- SD: face). The SSLF was composed of numerous fine granules of about 4-5 nm in a random orientation. Within the SSLF, variable amounts of deranged lipid lamellae derived from corneocytes were mixed with sebum. As well as on the skin surface, a similar amount of sebum was also found between the desquamating corneocytes in the uppermost several layers of the stratum corneum (SC). We also observed the presence of intercellular lipid lamellae in the outer layers of the SC: their lipid envelope remained intact even in desquamated corneocytes. Our results provide some new insights concerning the structure of the SSLF and its relationship with the SC.
Delayed Abortion in an Area of Easy Accessibility
Authors: Winthrop A. Burr
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Abortions performed late in pregnancy are associated with higher death and complication rates, are more expensive, and are emotionally more taxing for patients and staff than abortions performed early in pregnancy. To examine potential correlates of late abortion, we studied 1,066 women having abortions at two Washington, DC, abortion facilities. We found the following variables to be statistically significantly related to the gestational stage of pregnancy at the time a woman seeks an abortion: history of irregular periods, level of education, type and number of pregnancy symptoms volunteered, moral feelings of the woman about abortion, confided suspicion of pregnancy to another person, knowledge of the legality of abortion, contraceptive use, pregnancy symptoms elicited by professional personnel, and length of time the sexual partner was known. Yet, these variables are responsible for only a small percentage of the problem, since much variation in gestational age was unexplained by our analysis. This result and the finding that most of the important determinants of delay were individually oriented factors strongly imply that the problem of late abortions is one that will not be greatly influenced by public health interventions. (<i>JAMA</i>244:44-48, 1980)
Exposure of Perfluorinated Chemicals through Lactation: Levels of Matched Human Milk and Serum and a Temporal Trend, 1996–2004, in Sweden
Authors: Anna Kärrman, Ingrid Ericson, Bert van Bavel, Per Ola Darnerud, Marie Aune, Anders Glynn, Sanna Lignell, Gunilla Lindström
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Only limited data exist on lactation as an exposure source of persistent perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) for children.We studied occurrence and levels of PFCs in human milk in relation to maternal serum together with the temporal trend in milk levels between 1996 and 2004 in Sweden. Matched, individual human milk and serum samples from 12 primiparous women in Sweden were analyzed together with composite milk samples (25-90 women/year) from 1996 to 2004.Eight PFCs were detected in the serum samples, and five of them were also above the detection limits in the milk samples. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) were detected in all milk samples at mean concentrations of 0.201 ng/mL and 0.085 ng/mL, respectively. Perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were detected less frequently.The total PFC concentration in maternal serum was 32 ng/mL, and the corresponding milk concentration was 0.34 ng/mL. The PFOS milk level was on average 1% of the corresponding serum level. There was a strong association between increasing serum concentration and increasing milk concentration for PFOS (r(2) = 0.7) and PFHxS (r(2) = 0.8). PFOS and PFHxS levels in composite milk samples were relatively unchanged between 1996 and 2004, with a total variation of 20 and 32% coefficient of variation, respectively.The calculated total amount of PFCs transferred by lactation to a breast-fed infant in this study was approximately 200 ng/day. Lactation is a considerable source of exposure for infants, and reference concentrations for hazard assessments are needed.
Succinate links TCA cycle dysfunction to oncogenesis by inhibiting HIF-α prolyl hydroxylase
Authors: Mary A. Selak, Sean M. Armour, Elaine D. MacKenzie, Houda Boulahbel, David G. Watson, Kyle D. Mansfield, Yi Pan, M.Celeste Simon, Craig B. Thompson, Eyal Gottlieb
Journal: Cancer Cell (2005)
Abstract LB-251: p27Kip1 suppression of colitis-associated colon cancer mediated through cell intrinsic function in both mucosal epithelia and mucosal T cells
Authors: Sung Hee Choi, Byung-Gyu Kim, Letterio J. John
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 is a negative regulator of the cell cycle. Reduced expression of p27Kip1 has prognostic significance in several human epithelial cancers. Loss of p27Kip1 expression in cancer cells correlates with tumor aggressiveness, depth of tumor cell invasion and with lack of tumor cell differentiation. However, p27Kip1 also promotes apoptosis and contraction of effector CD4+ T cells, suggesting the potential that suppression of epithelial tumorigenesis may be linked to an intrinsic function of p27Kip1 in T cells. Here we show both mRNA and protein expression of p27Kip1 are significantly decreased in a murine model wherein a T cell-restricted deletion of the gene encoding the TGF-β intermediate, Smad4 (Smad4TKO), results in spontaneous colitis that invariably progresses to colon cancer by the age of 8 months. This phenotype is associated with a consistent decline in the mucosal expression of p27Kip1. To further investigate the role of p27Kip1 in the maintenance of intestinal mucosal homeostasis, we generated a ‘double knockout’ (Smad4TKO / p27Kip1-/- or ‘DKO’) mouse model in which a germ line p27Kip1 gene deletion (p27Kip1-/-) is combined with the T cell-restricted deletion of the Smad4 gene (Smad4TKO). All DKO mice develop spontaneous gastrointestinal inflammation and colon carcinoma by 1-2 months and 3 months of age, respectively. The p27Kip1 gene deletion, when combined with the T cell-restricted deletion of the Smad4 gene, leads to progressive inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IFN-γ, iNOS, IL-6, IL-1β), activation of Stat1 and Stat3 and suppression of the expression of the tumor suppressor, 15-PGDH. Collectively our data suggest that p27Kip1 deficiency promotes gastrointestinal epithelial malignancy through both enhancement of proliferation of mucosal epithelial cells and through expansion of mucosal effector memory T cells. Citation Format: Sung Hee Choi, Byung-Gyu Kim, Letterio J. John. p27Kip1 suppression of colitis-associated colon cancer mediated through cell intrinsic function in both mucosal epithelia and mucosal T cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-251. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-251
Gamma heavy chain disease in man. Genomic sequence reveals two noncontiguous deletions in a single gene.
Authors: A Alexander, I Anicito, J Buxbaum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

A genomic clone was isolated from a human lymphoid cell line which synthesized an NH2-terminally deleted gamma 3 heavy chain disease protein. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed a normal sequence from 310 bp 5' to the initiator ATG through the codon for VH amino acid 14. Amino acid 15 was derived from the codon for the last J4 amino acid. Thus, the clone contained a deletion of the codons for the VH region beyond amino acid 14, as well as those for the entire D region and most of the J coding region. Some sequence abnormalities were observed in the 400 bp after the deletion. Beyond this, there was excellent homology to published J and intervening sequences, including those containing the enhancer elements. The 1,200-bp switch region was abruptly interrupted by a sequence corresponding to the 3' one-third of CH1. Thus, a second deletion eliminated the acceptor splice site at the 5' end of CH1. When splicing of the primary RNA transcript occurred, the truncated VH region was joined via the J4 donor splice site to the next available acceptor site 5' to the first hinge exon. Hence, the aberrant serum protein was the product of two deletions and a splice correction as well as postsynthetic NH2-terminal proteolysis.
A CASE OF TRAUMATIC ENDOCARDITIS.
Authors: A. HERZFELD
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Our knowledge of traumatic endocarditis is still very imperfect, though many valuable contributions have been added to our literature since George Fischer<sup>1</sup>published his excellent monograph on this topic. The following case recently came under my observation, and as I had the opportunity of observing it from its very beginning until its end, a period of nearly two years, I consider it of sufficient interest to publish it. <h3>History.</h3> —Albert S., aged 9, always enjoyed fair health. There was no syphilitic, tubercular or rheumatic history in the family. At the age of two the patient had measles and subsequently several attacks of acute bronchitis. No tubercular element in these attacks was noticed. During the winter of 1902 the patient contracted a light attack of pneumonia, which lasted about one week and left him rather weak. Mucous rales could be heard over both lungs for several weeks after the attack. During
Hemolytic Anemia in Wilson's Disease
Authors: George A. Robitaille, Robert L. Piscatelli, Edward J. Majeski, Thomas D. Gelehrter
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Three patients with Wilson's disease and initial manifestations of intravascular hemolysis also had transient elevations of hemoglobin A<sub>2</sub>. It is important to recognize such manifestations in establishing an early diagnosis. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2402-2403, 1977)
Double-Blind, Randomized Trial of an Anti-CD18 Antibody in Conjunction With Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kenneth W. Baran, Michel Nguyen, George R. McKendall, Costas T. Lambrew, Gary Dykstra, Sebastian T. Palmeri, Raymond J. Gibbons, Steven Borzak, Burton E. Sobel, Steven G. Gourlay, Amy Chen Rundle, C. Michael Gibson, Hal V. Barron
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Inhibition of leukocyte adhesion can reduce myocardial infarct size in animals. This study was designed to define the safety and efficacy of a recombinant, humanized, monoclonal antibody to the CD18 subunit of the β2 integrin adhesion receptors (rhuMAb CD18), in reducing infarct size in patients treated with a thrombolytic agent. Methods and Results The Limitation of Myocardial Infarction following Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Study (LIMIT AMI) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study conducted in 60 centers in the United States and Canada. A total of 394 subjects who presented within 12 hours of symptom onset with ECG findings (ST-segment elevation) consistent with AMI were treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and were also given an intravenous bolus of 0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg rhuMAb CD18 or placebo. Coronary angiography was performed at 90 minutes, 12-lead ECGs were obtained at baseline, 90, and 180 minutes, and resting sestamibi scans were performed at ≥120 hours. Adjunctive angioplasty and use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antiplatelet agents at the time of angiography were discretionary. There were no treatment effects on coronary blood flow, infarct size, or the rate of ECG ST-segment elevation resolution, despite the expected induction of peripheral leukocytosis. A slight trend toward an increase in bacterial infections was observed with rhuMAb CD18 ( P =0.33). Conclusions RhuMAb CD18 was well tolerated but not effective in modifying cardiac end points.
Differentiation of B. Typhosus and B. Coli Communis by Means of the Photographic Plate
Authors: W. C. Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (1904)

statements seem to be quite warranted by the facts observed:.i That a bacillus, -identical -with the B. dysenteriae, described by Shiga as the specific cause of acute dysentery in* Japan, can be isolated from the stools of many cases of asylum dysentery.',
Abstract P2-10-05: Continuous association of a 200-gene prognostic risk score with probability of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and translation from fresh frozen to FFPE tissue for clinical use.
Authors: R van Laar, J DiPaola, H Carbaugh, T Murphy, A DiRamio, R Flinchum, N Brown, T Albino
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BreastPRS is a suite of complimentary gene signatures that resolves several of the significant limitations of current gene expression signatures in breast cancer. Notably, BreastPRS can accurately provide prognosis prediction, histological grade resolution and molecular subtyping of invasive breast cancer. The 200-gene prognostic component was previously validated in an independent retrospective series of 1,016 previously published fresh-frozen breast cancers and has now been applied to data from over 6,000 patients. In part one of this study, a meta-analysis of 890 previously published neoadjuvant treated breast cancer patients was performed. A highly significant association was observed between prognosis risk group (high vs low), continuous risk score (0–100), and a patient's probability of achieving complete pathologic response with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Data from both fine-needle-aspirate and biopsy tissue were included in the cohort. Notably, fewer than 10% of patients with the lowest (most favorable) pre-treatment BreastPRS prognosis scores achieve pCR. Probability of pCR was observed to increase steadily to over 40% for individuals with the highest prognosis scores. In part two of the analysis, 50 paired fresh-frozen and FFPE tumors were profiled on whole genome microarrays containing all three signatures, in a CLIA-certified high throughput genomics laboratory. Results will be presented that highlight the consistency of the prognosis, grade and subtype signatures in clinically relevant FFPE tissue. This suggests that BreastPRS, in addition to identifying 10-year recurrence risk, histologic grade and molecular subtype, may enable physicians to determine a patients benefit from receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with more granularity than current clinical or genomic methods. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-10-05.
The Difficulty at the General Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia
Authors: L. Napier
Journal: BMJ (1896)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following The Difficulty at the General Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.