tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nitrous Oxide Analgesia
Authors: Allen J. Hinkle
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the recent article by Fosburg and Crone<sup>1</sup>entitled "Nitrous Oxide Analgesia for Refractory Pain in the Terminally Ill." Although their technique of providing nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) analgesia seems safe, I am concerned about this practice for two reasons. First, most patients who have progressed to the stage of terminal cancer have been exposed to a diverse regimen of chemotherapeutic agents. A few of these agents, most notably doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), daunorubicin hydrochloride, cisplatin, and cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), are cardiotoxic. The anesthetic literature has clearly shown that N<sub>2</sub>O alone in concentrations as low as 40% can cause myocardial depression and hypotension.<sup>1</sup>I would venture to guess that with an underlying cardiomyopathy this effect is exacerbated. In their article there is no mention of vital signs during the periods of N<sub>2</sub>O administration, which may have helped to convince some
Medical Aspects of Dietary Fiber
Authors: V Chadwick
Journal: Gut (1981)

<h3>Purpose of Review</h3> Brain MRI findings of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) can undergo dramatic changes over time, which may be related to long-term epilepsy or a combination of histopathologic changes that necessitate further investigation. <h3>Recent Findings</h3> We describe 2 cases of FCD type IIb that initially displayed inconspicuous findings on MRI, however progressed to obvious signal changes on subsequent MRI 10–17 years later. Pathologic analysis indicates that the interval changes are likely attributed to reactive astrogliosis and diffuse parenchymal rarefaction. A few case reports and case series showing similar MRI changes have been described in the literature, the majority in pediatric patients. The adult cases we present add to the scientific evidence of these changes occurring in the adult population. <h3>Summary</h3> Our observations lead to several clinical suggestions, including closer interval follow-up imaging for nonlesional cases, the addition of postprocessing imaging methods, earlier surgical intervention, and meticulous surgical planning.
THE EFFICACY OF EVEROLIMUS–ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION TO THE RESTENOSIS LESIONS OF SIROLIMUS–ELUTING STENT
Authors: Toshiyuki Kimura, Nehiro Kuriyama, Akihiko Matsuyama, Keiichi Ashikaga, Shuichiro Sagara, Makoto Furugen, Tatsuya Nakama, Toshinobu Ishikawa, Yoheiu Inoue, Yusuke Fukushima, Kenji Ogata, Yoshisato Shibata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Another Method of Making Buttermilk
Authors: E. Stuver
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Ever since Metchnikoff called attention to the health-conserving and life-prolonging properties of the Bulgarian bacillus, various preparations of this bacillus, real or pretended, have been used to make sour milk. As many house-wives, however, dislike to add these germ-containing tablets to the milk, and as they are quite expensive and not everywhere available, sour milk is not nearly so extensively used as it should be. I was interested in Dr. Alexander Armstrong's suggestion (The Journal, March 29, 1913, p. 1015) to use a small glass churn to make buttermilk when needed. My wife originated a plan five or six years ago that is much simpler and more easily carried out than the churn. She makes the sour milk as follows: Take sweet milk; let it stand for from twelye to twenty-four hours; skim off the cream and add 2 tablespoonfuls of previously soured milk to each
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;The Birch Grove (Birkenwald)&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relief of Pain by Oral Medications
Authors: Charles G. Moertel
Journal: JAMA (1974)

A double-blind study of analgesic drug combinations was conducted, involving 100 patients with pain due to cancer. The combinations of 650 mg of aspirin plus either 65 mg of codeine, 9.76 mg of oxycodone, or 25 mg of pentazocine hydrochloride each produced significantly greater pain relief than aspirin alone. Side effects for a single dose of these effective combinations were essentially equal and clinically tolerable. The combinations of 650 mg of aspirin plus either 65 mg of caffeine, 32 mg of pentobarbital sodium, 25 mg of promazine hydrochloride, 75 mg of ethoheptazine citrate, or 100 mg of propoxyphene napsylate did not show significant advantage in analgesic effect over aspirin alone. (<i>JAMA</i>229:55-59, 1974)
Use of an Integrated Therapy With Prolonged Exposure to Treat PTSD and Comorbid Alcohol Dependence in an Iraq Veteran
Authors: Sudie E. Back, Therese Killeen, Edna B. Foa, Elizabeth J. Santa Ana, Daniel F. Gros, Kathleen T. Brady
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

PTSD and substance use disorder are often comorbid in combat veterans. Abstinence has been historically required before PTSD treatment, to maximize the effect of PTSD treatment and minimize the risk that psychologically challenging treatments, such as exposure to combat stimuli, will lead to increased substance use. Co-treatment might be more effective. A 12-session program demonstrated partially successful use of the combination in a returning Marine. The patient was taught to monitor the rise and fall of both urges and PTSD symptoms after a period of cue exposure. Reductions of both alcohol use and PTSD symptoms, both the patients' goals, were achieved.
Aspirin‐triggered 15‐HETE generation in peripheral blood leukocytes is a specific and sensitive Aspirin‐Sensitive Patients Identification Test (ASPITest)*
Authors: M. L. Kowalski, A. Ptasinska, M. Jedrzejczak, B. Bienkiewicz, M. Cieslak, J. Grzegorczyk, R. Pawliczak, L. DuBuske
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: We have previously demonstrated that aspirin triggers specific generation of 15‐hydroxyeicosateraenoic acid (15‐HETE) from nasal polyp epithelial cells and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from aspirin‐sensitive (AS) but not aspirin‐tolerant (AT) patients with asthma/rhinosinusitis. The goal of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of ASA‐induced 15‐HETE generation measurement to identify AS patients. Methods: PBL were obtained from 43 AS patients with asthma and rhinosinusitis, 35 AT asthmatics and 17 healthy control (HC) subjects. PBL were incubated with 2–200 μ M aspirin (ASA) and 15‐HETE release was measured in cell supernatants with competitive ELISA. Results: Unstimulated PBL from all three groups of patients generated similar amount of 15‐HETE. Incubation with 200 μ M ASA resulted in an increase in an 15‐HETE generation (mean increase +421%) in AS‐asthmatics but small and nonsignificant response in AT‐asthmatics or control subjects. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis revealed that the sensitivity of the test for confirmation of ASA‐sensitivity was 83% and the specificity 82%. Positive predictive value was 0.79 and negative predictive value was 0.86. Naproxen induced a significant increase in 15‐HETE only in some AS‐asthmatics, but not in AT‐asthmatics. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that ASA‐induced 15‐HETE generation by PBL is a specific and sensitive aspirin‐sensitive patients identification test (ASPITest).
Hepatic apo E expression is required for remnant lipoprotein clearance in the absence of the low density lipoprotein receptor.
Authors: M F Linton, A H Hasty, V R Babaev, S Fazio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

According to the secretion-capture model of remnant lipoprotein clearance, apo E secreted by hepatocytes into the space of Disse serves to enrich the remnants with a ligand for receptor-mediated lipoprotein endocytosis. Current evidence supports a two-receptor model of lipoprotein removal, in which apo E-containing remnants bind either the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) or the LDLR-related protein (LRP). Recently, we demonstrated that reconstitution of apo E(-/-) mice with apo E(+/+) marrow results in normalization of plasma lipoprotein levels, indicating that hepatic expression of apo E is not required for remnant clearance and calling into question the relevance of the secretion-capture mechanism. To dissect the relative contributions of LDLR and LRP to the cellular catabolism of remnant lipoproteins by the hepatocyte, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was used to reconstitute macrophage expression of apo E in mice that were null for expression of both apo E and the LDLR. Reconstitution of macrophage apo E in apo E(-/-)/LDLR(-/-) mice had no effect on serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, although it produced plasma apo E levels up to 16-fold higher than in C57BL/6 controls. Immunocytochemistry of hepatic sections revealed abundant staining for apo E in the space of Disse, but no evidence of receptor-mediated endocytosis of remnant lipoproteins. Transient expression of human LDLR in the livers of apo E(+/+)--> apo E(-/-)/LDLR(-/-) mice by adenoviral gene transfer resulted in normalization of serum lipid levels and in the clearance of apo E-containing lipoproteins from the space of Disse. We conclude that whereas the LDLR efficiently clears remnant lipoproteins irrespective of the site of origin of apo E, endocytosis by the chylomicron remnant receptor (LRP) is absolutely dependent on hepatic expression of apo E. These data demonstrate in vivo the physiologic relevance of the apo E secretion-capture mechanism in the liver.
A2.7 Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on the Central Prostaglandin System and Substance P Following Peripheral Inflammation
Authors: Priya Revathikumar, Erwan Le Maître, Per-Johan Jakobsson, Marina Korotkova, Jon Lampa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) has shown to be important for regulation of arthritis, and ongoing trials show promising effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in RA. While peripheral mechanisms have been thoroughly investigated, central effects remain elusive. We showed recently that central nervous inflammation is a feature of RA (Lampa <i>et al</i>, PNAS 2012), and also coupled to autonomic activity. Moreover, prostaglandin E2 (PGE<sub>2</sub>) may act as an important neuromediator in this context and we have earlier shown impaired CAP in knockout mice for the PGE<sub>2</sub> inducing enzyme mPGES (Le Maître <i>et al</i>, EWRR 2012). Here, we aimed to study the effects of VNS on central prostaglandin system and neuropeptides associated with inflammation. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> After VN isolation, we injected lipopolysaccharide (2 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The VN was either electrically stimulated for 5 minutes (VNS) or left unstimulated (SHAM). After 6 hours, mice were sacrificed and brains were collected. Expression of the inducible enzymes COX2 and mPGES-1 in frozen brain sections was quantified by immunohistochemistry. mRNA levels of c-FOS and substance P (SP), a key central neuropeptide, were analysed by in situ hybridisation. Investigated areas include Hippocampus (Hi), Hypothalamus (Hy), periaqueductal grey (PAG), Cingulate Cortex (CC) and Dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN). <h3>Results</h3> c-FOS mRNA level significantly increased in vagus related areas such as Hi (75.3 ± 5.7 (mean grey value; SHAM) versus 105.0 ± 1.7 (VNS); p &lt; 0.001) and Hy (73.8 ± 9.4 versus 102.2 ± 6.7; p &lt; 0.05). Hi and Hy as well as all other regions displayed a strong trend to VNS-induced increase in mPGES-1 protein, (Hi 0.66 ± 0.29 versus 0.88 ± 0.25 and Hy 0.72 ± 0.44 versus 1.49 ± 0.57). COX2 protein tended to decrease in all areas except CC. Interestingly, VNS exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the SP mRNA expression (Hi 119.9 ± 4.9 versus 98.0 ± 4.2 p &lt; 0.05; Hy 114.0 ± 6.5 versus 83.1 ± 8.2; p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data indicate a role for prostaglandins and mPGES in central mechanisms of the CAP. The decreased brain COX2 expression may be related to the suppression of systemic inflammation caused by peripheral CAP action, while the up regulation of mPGES-1 in vagus-related brain areas seems to be directly related to central CAP action. These effects may be of clinical importance both in the coming VNS RA trials as well as in the current and future pharmacological interventions of the prostaglandin pathway. The strong suppressive effect on SP in vagus projected areas reveals the importance of CAP in complex brain networks.
Degradation of Thyroid Hormones by Phagocytosing Human Leukocytes
Authors: Seymour J. Klebanoff, William L. Green
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Thyroxine (T(4)) and triiodothyronine (T(9)) are rapidly degraded by a purified preparation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and H(2)O(2) with the formation of iodide and material which remains at the origin on paper chromatography. Deiodination by MPO and H(2)O(2) occurs more readily at pH 7.0 than at pH 5.0 in contrast to iodination by this system which is known to occur more readily at pH 5.0 than at pH 7.0. Degradation is inhibited by azide, cyanide, ascorbic acid, and propylthiouracil. Methimazole stimulates deiodination by MPO and H(2)O(2) but inhibits this reaction when MPO is replaced by lactoperoxidase or horseradish peroxidase.Intact human leukocytes, in the resting state, degrade T(4) and T(3) slowly: degradation, however, is increased markedly during phagocytosis of preopsonized particles. Serum inhibits this reaction. T(3) can be detected as a minor product of T(4) degradation. Proteolytic digestion of the reaction products increases the recovery of monoiodotyrosine. The fixation of iodine in the cytoplasm of leukocytes which contain ingested bacteria was detected radioautographically. Chronic granulomatous disease leukocytes, which are deficient in H(2)O(2) formation, degrade T(4) and T(3) poorly during phagocytosis. MPO-deficient leukocytes degrade the thyroid hormones at a slower rate than do normal leukocytes although considerable degradation is still observed. Azide, cyanide, ascorbic acid, and propylthiouracil which inhibit certain peroxidasecatalyzed reactions inhibit degradation by normal leukocytes; however, inhibition is incomplete. Formation of iodinated origin material is inhibited to a greater degree by azide, cyanide, and propylthiouracil than is deiodination. Methimazole inhibits the formation of iodinated origin material by both normal and MPO-deficient leukocytes. However, deiodination by normal leukocytes is stimulated and that of MPO-deficient leukocytes is unaffected by methimazole. Hypoxia inhibits the degradation of T(4) and T(3) by untreated normal or MPO-deficient leukocytes and by normal leukocytes treated with azide or methimazole. These data suggest that both MPO-dependent and MPO-independent systems are involved in the degradation of T(4) and T(3) by phagocytosing leukocytes. The role of leukocytic degradation of T(4) and T(3) in thyroid hormone economy and in leukocytic microbicidal activity is considered.
Swedish court rules against doctor at centre of row over destroyed research data
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Christopher Gillberg, the psychiatrist at the centre of a dispute about granting access to research data in Sweden, has been given a conditional sentence and fined 37 500 kronor (£2800; $4800; £4000) plus legal costs of 80 000 kronor for “misuse of office” by the lower criminal court in Gothenburg.

The conditional sentence obliges him not to commit any similar offences for a period of two years.

The court ruled that Gillberg, professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at Gothenburg University and a world expert in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, had acted “wilfully.”

He had refused to follow his employer's directives to make his research data available to the university management and had been in contempt of court, the court …
Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: MELVlN A. CHURCHILL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

In a retrospective analysis of bacterial endocarditis, 84 of 192 cases (44%) were found to have musculoskeletal manifestations of one or more types. Common manifestations were arthralgias (32 cases), arthritis (26 cases), low back pain (24 cases), diffuse myalgias (16 cases), and myalgias localized to the thigh or calf (11 cases). The joint manifestations typically were monarticular or oligoarticular, and the myalgias were commonly unilateral. No association was found between the pattern of rheumatic symptoms and other clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, or causative bacterial organisms. In 52 patients (27%), musculoskeletal complaints were the first or among the first symptoms of bacterial endocarditis. The frequency and character of these manifestations and their tendency to occur early in the course of the disease indicate that they are an important feature of endocarditis which, if not recognized, may cause a delay in the diagnosis by mimicking a rheumatic disease.
Medic, Candy-Maker, Or Grapejuice?
Authors: B. Herold Griffith
Journal: JAMA (1966)

To the Editor:—  I enjoyed the article about Hugh Owen Thomas inThe Journal(196:658, 1966), but as a second-generation Welshman I feel obliged to call your attention to the fact that accompanying the cover picture was a caption which started out, A lusty, inventive Welchman....  I would guess the typesetter was probably an Irishman who got his letters mixed up.
Detection of MYD88 L265P in peripheral blood of patients with Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia and IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: L Xu, Z R Hunter, G Yang, Y Cao, X Liu, R Manning, C Tripsas, J Chen, C J Patterson, M Kluk, S Kanan, J Castillo, N Lindeman, S P Treon
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Clinical Guidelines for Older Adults With Diabetes Mellitus—Reply
Authors: Samuel C. Durso
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of oral treatments on exercise capacity in systemic sclerosis related pulmonary arterial hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: J Avouac, J Wipff, A Kahan, Y Allanore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To determine the effects of recently available oral therapies, ie, endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDEIs), in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to connective tissue disease (CTD), mostly systemic sclerosis (SSc). <h3>Method:</h3> A systematic literature search was conducted up to April 2007. All randomised controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of bosentan, sitaxsentan and sildenafil vs placebo on exercise capacity were selected. Effect size was calculated in each study to assess the magnitude of treatment effect. <h3>Results:</h3> In all, 10 studies were analysed, giving a total of 613 participants (186 with CTD) who received the active treatment and 272 (72 with CTD) who received placebo. The effect sizes of bosentan, sitaxsentan and sildenafil for exercise capacity in the CTD subset of patients were non-significant; 0.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) −0.22 to 0.83), 0.26 (95% CI −0.06 to 0.57) and 0.53 (95% CI −0.02 to 0.89), respectively. In the whole PAH population, these values were significant; 0.61 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.84), 0.33 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.51) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.79), respectively. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> This meta-analysis suggests an absence of clinically relevant improvement on exercise capacity in patients with CTD/SSc after 12 to 18 weeks of treatment. A poor therapeutic response, insufficient power of studies or poor sensitivity to change of the 6-min walk test may explain these results. The promising preliminary data on survival of ERAs and the confounding effects of other comorbidities associated with CTD and SSc may support the latter hypothesis.
Autologous Transfusion-Reply
Authors: Herbert Silver
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> As Dr Lee has indicated, problems have not infrequently been encountered when intraoperative blood salvage for autologous transfusion has been undertaken. It is because of the increased posttransfusion hemolysis of the salvaged blood, the potential for microemboli, and pancoagulopathies that occasionally occur, as well as the growing dissatisfaction with the technique, that only very brief mention of intraoperative salvage was made, and in the article, emphasis was placed on predeposit of blood for autologous transfusion prior to elective surgical procedures. Perhaps it should be pointed out that intraoperative salvage is being used to advantage in several institutions, if only on a limited basis.<sup>1,2,3</sup>Convenience is also somewhat of a limiting factor that cannot be ignored. Rapidly transporting the apparatus that is used to the area where it is needed and always having available a team trained in the use of the equipment presents problems that some believe
Definition of preterm delivery
Authors: A C Turnbull, A. B M Anderson, J D Baum
Journal: BMJ (1976)

respiratory arrest and died.No additional informa- tion was obtained at post-mortem examination.Presumably in our patient the normal blood loss from the corpus luteum was magnified by anticoagulation.Menorrhagia and irregular prolonged menstrual cycles are common in renal failure, but some of these cycles are ovulatory.1Often an oral contraceptive agent is advised to reduce the menstrual blood loss in these patients, who are already anaemic.A more simple approach would be to use medroxyprogesterone 150 mg intramuscularly three-monthly.This would prevent ovulation and conception and would perhaps abolish menstruation.There may therefore be a place for the regular use of a long-acting progester- one in some menstruating women being treated by chronic haemodialysis.