tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activation and decreased deformability of neutrophils after intermittent claudication.
Authors: F J Neumann, W Waas, C Diehm, T Weiss, H M Haupt, R Zimmermann, H Tillmanns, W Kübler
Journal: Circulation (1990)

This study investigated local alterations in neutrophil activation and deformability after intermittent claudication. In 17 patients with one-sided peripheral arterial occlusive disease, neutrophil count, proportion of activated neutrophils (by nitro blue tetrazolium test), and neutrophil filterability as a measure of passive deformability were assessed in the femoral arterial and venous blood of the diseased leg and in the femoral venous blood of the healthy leg (n = 10). The values were obtained at rest, immediately after claudication, and 10 minutes after claudication induced by repetitive toe stands. Immediately after exercise, the arterial and venous blood differences in the diseased leg were 1) neutrophil count, 9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5-14%; relative increase in the venous blood compared with arterial blood); 2) the proportion of activated neutrophils, 26% (CI, 10-42%); and 3) the neutrophil filterability, -10% (CI, -4% to -15%). At rest and 10 minutes after exercise, neutrophil parameters did not differ significantly between the femoral arterial and venous blood. Furthermore, no arterial and venous blood differences in the neutrophil parameters were found in the healthy leg. In addition to local changes, systemic changes occurred immediately after exercise. In the femoral arterial blood, the total neutrophil count had risen by 13% (CI, 8-18%), the proportion of activated neutrophils had risen by 41% (CI, 25-58%), and average neutrophil rigidity had risen 17% (CI, 11-22%) compared with the values obtained before exercise. At 10 minutes after exercise, all neutrophil parameters were still elevated. We conclude that even short periods of ischemia, as in intermittent claudication, cause local alterations in neutrophil function and distribution.
Limb Injuries in Coal-miners
Authors: J. S. McLintock
Journal: BMJ (1953)

makes them feel like several doubles when on antabuse.It is noticeable, however, that they prefer to omit their anta- buse.The more labile psychoneurotic is often profoundly disturbed by the antabuse-alcohol reaction and avoids alcohol.A small group of patients has emerged, however, who, in spite of recurrent terrifying experiences with the reaction, repeatedly ask to be put back on antabuse.Their assertion that they are now certain that this will stop their drinking appears to be a rationalization, for in a short time they proceed to drink again, even carrying antabuse tablets with them in some cases and swallowing more of them whilst drinking.These patients obviously tend to become rapidly confused, restless, and uncoordinated whilst indulging in this procedure.They also seem to show an increased tendency to self-reproach when sober.Can it be that these patients incorporate antabuse into their drinking pattern not only to achieve more rapid escape from insupportable tension but also to inflict simultaneously the punishment demanded by a harsh super-ego which is, of course, part of that tension ?However this may be, these patients show the surprising tendency to seek antabuse as an adjunct to their drinking, and they thus appear to be unsuitable cases for treatment with the drug.-Iam, etc., Twyford.
Occupational asthma in a factory with a contaminated humidifier.
Authors: P S Burge, M Finnegan, N Horsfield, D Emery, P Austwick, P S Davies, C A Pickering
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Thirty five printers who had work related wheeze, chest tightness, or breathlessness kept two hourly records of their peak expiratory flow for at least two weeks. They all worked in a factory supplied by air from contaminated humidifiers. The peak flow records showed consistent work related deterioration in 15 workers, nine of whom had a diurnal variation in peak flow exceeding 20%. Ten workers kept further records after the humidifiers had been cleaned, other work practices remaining unchanged. There was substantial improvement in all 10 workers, implying that material from the contaminated humidifier was the cause of the work related changes in peak flow. The patterns of work related changes in peak flow fell into four groups: falls maximal on the first work day, falls maximal midweek, falls equivalent each work day, and falls progressive throughout the working week. Three quarters of this last group had immediate prick test responses to humidifier antigen, which were negative in all the others with work related changes in peak flow. This suggests that the progressive daily deterioration pattern alone is due to an IgE mediated response to humidifier antigens. A large range of microorganisms was identified in the humidifiers. No single microorganism appeared to be the antigen responsible for the precipitating antibody seen in 75% of the study population.
Risk Factors for GI Adverse Events in a Phase III Randomized Trial of Bevacizumab in First-Line Therapy of Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Authors: Robert A. Burger, Mark F. Brady, Michael A. Bookman, Bradley J. Monk, Joan L. Walker, Howard D. Homesley, Jeffrey Fowler, Benjamin E. Greer, Matthew Boente, Gini F. Fleming, Peter C. Lim, Stephen C. Rubin, Noriyuki Katsumata, Sharon X. Liang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

To evaluate risk factors for GI adverse events (AEs) within a phase III trial of bevacizumab in first-line ovarian cancer therapy.Women with previously untreated advanced disease after surgery were randomly allocated to six cycles of platinum-taxane chemotherapy plus placebo cycles (C)2 to C22 (R1); chemotherapy plus bevacizumab C2 to C6 plus placebo C7 to C22 (R2); or chemotherapy plus bevacizumab C2 to C22 (R3). Patients were evaluated for history or on-study development of potential risk factors for GI AEs defined as grade ≥ 2 perforation, fistula, necrosis, or hemorrhage.Of 1,873 patients enrolled, 1,759 (94%) were evaluable, and 2.8% (50 of 1,759) experienced a GI AE: 10 of 587 (1.7%, R1), 20 of 587 (3.4%, R2), and 20 of 585 (3.4%, R3). Univariable analyses indicated that previous treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; P = .005) and small bowel resection (SBR; P = .032) or large bowel resection (LBR; P = .012) at primary surgery were significantly associated with a GI AE. The multivariable estimated relative odds of a GI AE were 13.4 (95% CI, 3.44 to 52.3; P < .001) for IBD; 2.05 (95% CI, 1.09 to 3.88; P = .026) for LBR; 1.95 (95% CI, 0.894 to 4.25; P = .093) for SBR; and 2.15 for bevacizumab exposure (aggregated 95% CI, 1.05 to 4.40; P = .036).History of treatment for IBD, and bowel resection at primary surgery, increase the odds of GI AEs in patients receiving first-line platinum-taxane chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer. After accounting for these risk factors, concurrent bevacizumab doubles the odds of a GI AE, but is not appreciably increased by continuation beyond chemotherapy.
High numbers of active caspase 3–positive Reed-Sternberg cells in pretreatment biopsy specimens of patients with Hodgkin disease predict favorable clinical outcome
Authors: Danny F. Dukers, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Rosita L. ten Berge, Wim Vos, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Joost J. Oudejans
Journal: Blood (2002)
Further evidence of a primary mucosal defect in coeliac disease: In vitro mucosal digestion studies in coeliac patients in remission, their relatives, and control subjects
Authors: H. J. Cornell, C. J. Rolles
Journal: Gut (1978)

Subfractions of fraction 9, obtained from a peptic-tryptic-pancreatinic digest of wheat gliadin, were subjected to <i>in vitro</i> mucosal digestion and the filtrates examined for residual peptides. Small-intestinal mucosa from four groups of individuals were studied—eight patients with coeliac disease in remission; eight healthy controls; nine first degree relatives of patients with coeliac disease, and six children with recurrent diarrhoea investigated for possible coeliac disease, but in whom the diagnosis was excluded. The highest amounts of residual peptides (measured by scanning densitometer) were detected after digestion with mucosa from patients with coeliac disease and the lowest amounts with the control groups. The results obtained with the group of relatives fell between those of the coeliac disease and control groups, while the recurrent diarrhoea group overlapped the relatives and controls. The residual peptides were derived chiefly from the B-type subfractions of subfractions 1 and 2, obtained by ion-exchange chromatography of fraction 9. These subfractions are rich in glutamine/glutamic acid and proline and have a molecular weight (apparent) of not greater than 1500 Daltons. The results lend further support to the hypothesis of an enzyme deficiency in coeliac disease. A partial enzyme deficiency may exist in some first-degree relatives and in some children with recurrent diarrhoea but with histology of the small intestine within normal limits. HLA-B8 antigen is not correlated with this deficiency, but, when the two factors are associated, they could be related to the manifestation and severity of coeliac disease.
Impact of Increasing Ondansetron Use on Clinical Outcomes in Children With Gastroenteritis
Authors: Stephen B. Freedman, Matt Hall, Samir S. Shah, Anupam B. Kharbanda, Paul L. Aronson, Todd A. Florin, Rakesh D. Mistry, Charles G. Macias, Mark I. Neuman
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Ondansetron hydrochloride use in children with gastroenteritis is increasing rapidly; however, little is known about its impact on outcomes.To determine whether increasing emergency department ondansetron use has resulted in a reduction in intravenous rehydration rates.Retrospective observational analysis of eligible visits included in the Pediatric Health Information System administrative database. Eligible institutions included 18 emergency departments geographically distributed across the United States, and participants included 804,000 patients aged 0 to 18 years who were diagnosed as having gastroenteritis in an emergency department at an eligible participating institution between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2011.The presence or absence of oral ondansetron administration was identified for each patient through database review. Visits were categorized based on institutional ondansetron use: low (<5% administered ondansetron), medium (5%-25%), or high (>25%).We conducted hospital-level analyses of the associations between ondansetron use and 3 outcomes: intravenous rehydration (primary), hospitalization, and emergency department revisits within 3 days. Time-series regression models were used, adjusting for demographic characteristics, laboratory testing, diagnostic imaging, and rotavirus infection.A total of 804,000 eligible patient visits were identified. Oral ondansetron use increased from a median institutional rate of 0.11% (interquartile range, 0.04%-0.44%) of patient visits in 2002 to 42.2% (interquartile range, 37.5%-49.1%) in 2011 (P < .001). Intravenous rehydration was administered to 43,413 of 232,706 children (18.7%) during the low ondansetron period compared with 59,450 of 334,264 (17.8%) during the high ondansetron period (adjusted percentage change = -0.33%; 95% CI, -1.86% to 1.20%). During the transition from low to high ondansetron use, we observed no change in the hospitalization rate (adjusted percentage change = -0.33%; 95% CI, -0.95% to 0.29%), but emergency department revisits decreased (adjusted percentage change = -0.31%; 95% CI, -0.49% to -0.13%). The change in all 3 outcomes varied widely between low and high ondansetron use categories at an institutional level. Oral ondansetron was provided to 13.5% (95% CI, 13.3% to 13.7%) of children administered intravenous rehydration.Although ondansetron use increased during the study period, intravenous rehydration rates were unchanged. Most children administered intravenous fluids did not receive oral ondansetron. Our findings highlight the need to focus efforts to administer ondansetron to children at greatest risk for oral rehydration failure.
Obstructive jaundice caused by corrosive injury to the duodenum.
Authors: D P Sellu
Journal: BMJ (1985)

centrations necessary to maintain peripheral tissue triiodothyronine concentrations may therefore suppress the release of thyroid stimulating hormone.Clearly thyroid stimulating hormone alone cannot be used to monitor the adequacy of replacement treatment in primary hypothyroidism, and so the dosage of thyroxine should be adjusted so that the free triiodothyronine concentration is within the normal range.In patients with thyroid carcinoma suppression of thyroid stimulat- ing hormone by thyroxine in doses of up to 400 i&g daily is an im- portant part of management; our results indicate that lower doses would be adequate to achieve such suppression.Assays of thyroid stimulating hormone concentration with a high sensitivity would show that thyroxine treatment suppresses basal thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations; such assays should render thyrotrophin releasing hormone tests unnecessary in these patients.1 Pearce CJ, Himsworth RJ.Total and free thyroid hormone concentrations in patients receving maintenance replacement treatment with thyroxine.Br
Oyster-Associated Hepatitis
Authors: Benjamin L. Portnoy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

During October and November 1973, outbreaks of hepatitis A associated with consumption of raw oysters occurred in Houston and in Calhoun, Ga. The oysters implicated in both outbreaks had been harvested in two Louisiana bays. Although the bays had been contaminated with polluted Mississippi River water two months before the oysters were harvested, at the time of harvesting the bays met national sanitation standards for shellfish growing and were certified for oyster fishing. These epidemics raise serious questions about the adequacy of shellfish sanitation monitoring systems currently in use. (<i>JAMA</i>233:1065-1068, 1975)
Contribution of CD4+, CD8+CD28+, and CD8+CD28- T cells to CD3+ lymphocyte homeostasis during the natural course of HIV-1 infection.
Authors: A Caruso, S Licenziati, A D Canaris, A Cantalamessa, S Fiorentini, S Ausenda, D Ricotta, F Dima, F Malacarne, A Balsari, A Turano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The relationship between the number of circulating CD4+ T cells and the presence of particular CD8+ T cell subsets was analyzed by flow cytometry on PBL from asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients whose specimens were collected every 2 mo for a total period of 32 mo. Only slight variations were detected in the absolute number of lymphocytes and percentage of CD3+ lymphocytes, whereas both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets showed wide intrapatient variation. Variations in the number of CD8+CD28+ cells paralleled those of the CD4+ T cell subset in each patient tested, while the presence of CD8+CD28- T cells correlated inversely with CD4+ and CD8+CD28+ T cells. These data show that changes in the number of circulating CD4+-and CD8+CD28+ T cells are strongly related to the presence of CD8+CD28- T cells in these patients. Insight into the significance of CD8+CD28- T cell expansion will allow us to understand the mechanisms and significance of the HIV-1- driven change in CD4+CD8+ T cell homeostasis and the basic immunopathology of HIV disease.
Arterial 18F-FDG Uptake in Rheumatoid Arthritis Correlates With Synovial Activity
Authors: Hamed Emami, Jayanthi Vijayakumar, Sharath Subramanian, Esad Vucic, Parmanand Singh, Megan H. MacNabb, Erin Corsini, Udo Hoffmann, Joan M. Bathon, Daniel H. Solomon, Ahmed Tawakol
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Moves beginning to approve new indications for aspirin use
Authors: John Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Aspirin in daily doses of 1,300 mg is "safe and effective for reducing the risk of recurrent transient ischemic attacks in men who have had transient ischemia of the brain due to fibrin platelet emboli." With that pronouncement, a special advisory committee to the Food and Drug Administration has recommended that the official indications for aspirin be expanded to include therapy for certain types of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in men only. The recommendation of the FDA's Peripheral and Central Nervous System Drugs Advisory Committee, if accepted by the agency, "may substantially alter the way medicine is practiced," according to Ron Kartzinel, MD, director of the FDA's Division of Neuropharmacological Drugs. The action may also represent the first official step in what some believe may become a rush to confirm new uses for the 80-year-old drug, now known to inhibit synthesis of certain prostaglandins. "The committee was very careful," says
Management of Angioma-Reply
Authors: Dan J. Kindel
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Thank you for forwarding Dr. Ronchese's comments on my article on angioma. With reference to the first paragraph of his letter, the tendency to watch and wait for spontaneous involution of vascular nevi of the strawberry type is very prevalent in this location as well as other places in the United States. The era of waiting for spontaneous regression probably began after an article by Lister (<i>Lancet</i><b>1</b>:1429 [June 25] 1938). Since that time it has been common practice to wait for spontaneous involution. One of the results is seen in a patient shown in Figure 7 in my article (<i>JAMA</i><b>174</b>:875 [Oct. 15] 1960). This patient's angioma was not present at birth; a minor rash developed 2 weeks after birth and grew to this size in 3 months, with no involution in 2 1/2 years, with the tragic result presented. In all probability this
Oesophageal motor events at the occurrence of acid reflux and during endogenous acid exposure in healthy subjects and in patients with oesophagitis.
Authors: F Baldi, F Ferrarini, R Balestra, D Borioni, A Longanesi, M Miglioli, L Barbara
Journal: Gut (1985)

In order to assess the oesophageal motor events associated with the occurrence of gastro-oesophageal acid reflux and those during endogenous acid exposure, we studied six healthy subjects and nine patients with symptoms and lesions of reflux oesophagitis. In the case of each subject simultaneous pressure and pH measurements of the distal oesophagus were taken both in fasting conditions and after a standardised balanced meal. Reflux episodes occurred in the absence of a lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation (34.3%, 17.7%) or in the presence of a relaxation associated (34.2%, 30.8%) or unassociated (31.5%, 51.5%) with a peristaltic sequence, in the controls and patients respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups. During endogenous acid perfusion the distal oesophagus showed mainly a peristaltic motor activity, but the mean hourly number of peristaltic sequences was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (33.5 +/- 27.2 vs 81.5 +/- 3.2, p less than 0.01). Our results show that the mechanisms of reflux are similar in controls and in patients, while the peristaltic frequency is reduced in the latter. This motor failure may be responsible for the increased reflux duration observed in patients with oesophagitis.
TCT-882 Has Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty For Severe Aortic Stenosis Improved Outcomes In The Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Era?
Authors: Itsik Ben-Dor, Israel Barbash, Danny Dvir, Petros Okubagzi, Augusto Pichard, Lowell Satler, Rebecca Torguson, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
NICE guidelines may not help
Authors: S. Goodacre
Journal: BMJ (2010)

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Why the Ethics of Parsimonious Medicine Is Not the Ethics of Rationing
Authors: Jon C. Tilburt, Christine K. Cassel
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Successful peripheral blood stem cell mobilisation with filgrastim in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia achieving complete cytogenetic response with imatinib, without increasing disease burden as measured by quantitative real-time PCR
Authors: C H Hui, K Y Goh, D White, S Branford, A Grigg, J F Seymour, Y L Kwan, S Walsh, R Hoyt, A Trickett, B Rudzki, D D F Ma, L B To, T P Hughes
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Anaphylactic Reactivity to Streptokinase
Authors: Kris G. McGrath, Roy Patterson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Streptokinase is used worldwide as a thrombolytic agent. Allergic reactions have been observed to streptokinase; however, the immunologic mechanisms have not been described. In a case of an anaphylactic reaction to intravenously administered streptokinase during the evolution of a myocardial infarction, the patient had elevated specific IgE and IgG levels to this agent demonstrated by in vitro methods. In vivo testing demonstrated cutaneous immediate-type hypersensitivity with a typical wheal and flare reaction. Critically ill patients receive short-term treatment with streptokinase. Because of the potential danger of anaphylaxis in these patients, we provide an approach that may identify those at risk. The urgency of the requirement for immediate administration of streptokinase is such that an in vitro test cannot be used; thus, results of appropriate skin testing must be evaluated. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:1314-1317)
Early markers of renal dysfunction in patients with sickle cell/β-thalassemia
Authors: E. Voskaridou, E. Terpos, S. Michail, E. Hantzi, A. Anagnostopoulos, A. Margeli, D. Simirloglou, D. Loukopoulos, I. Papassotiriou
Journal: Kidney International (2006)