tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperpigmentation of human skin grafted on to athymic nude mice: immunohistochemical study
Authors: K. MATSUMOTO, E. ROBB, G. WARDEN, J. NORDLUND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Hyperpigmentation of human skin grafted on to athymic nude mice: immunohistochemical study Get access K. MATSUMOTO, K. MATSUMOTO POLA Laboratories, Yokohama, JapanDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Bethesda Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267‐0592, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. ROBB, E. ROBB Shriners Burns Institutes, Cincinnati, OH 45219, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. WARDEN, G. WARDEN Shriners Burns Institutes, Cincinnati, OH 45219, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. NORDLUND J. NORDLUND Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Bethesda Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267‐0592, U.S.A. J.Nordlund. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 3, 1 September 1996, Pages 412–418, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb01505.x Published: 01 September 1996 Article history Accepted: 11 January 1996 Published: 01 September 1996
Incidence and clinical consequences of surface and polymerase gene mutations in liver transplant recipients on hepatitis B immunoglobulin
Authors: Norah A. Terrault, Shuan Zhou, Robert W. McCory, Timothy L. Pruett, John R. Lake, John P. Roberts, Nancy L. Ascher, Teresa L. Wright
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Mutations in the “a” determinant of the surface gene have been associated with failure of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) prophylaxis. We compared sequences from the surface and polymerase regions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from 4 patients who failed high-dose HBIg therapy with two control groups: HBIg-treated patients who remained hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative (n = 4) and HBV-infected transplant recipients who never received HBIg (n = 4). Mutations within the surface and overlapping polymerase region were more common in patients failing HBIg than controls (P = .03), and mutations in the region of the “a” determinant were present only in patients failing HBIg. To examine the relationship between HBIg failure and duration of therapy, five additional treatment failures from a second transplantation center were sequenced (total with HBIg failure = 9). Mutations in the “a” determinant developed in 1 of 3 patients receiving HBIg for less than 6 months compared with 5 of 6 patients failing HBIg after 6 months of therapy (P = .23). The most frequently identified amino acid substitution was glycine to arginine at position 145 (present in 4 of 6 patients who failed HBIg after at least 6 months of treatment). A unique mutation within the YMDD motif (methionine to leucine) was present in 1 patient who failed HBIg treatment and who received a short course of ganciclovir. We conclude that the emergence of mutations in the “a” determinant accounts for some, but not all, treatment failures in patients receiving HBIg prophylaxis. Mutations in other regions of the S gene were more common in patients failing HBIg than controls, suggesting that domains other than the “a” determinant may be important.
Inadequate Management of Blood Pressure in a Hypertensive Population
Authors: Dan R. Berlowitz, Arlene S. Ash, Elaine C. Hickey, Robert H. Friedman, Mark Glickman, Boris Kader, Mark A. Moskowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Many patients with hypertension have inadequate control of their blood pressure. Improving the treatment of hypertension requires an understanding of the ways in which physicians manage this condition and a means of assessing the efficacy of this care.
Presumed Consent Models and Health Information Exchanges: Hard Nudges and Ambiguous Benefits
Authors: Ricky T. Munoz, Mark D. Fox, Michael R. Gomez
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Cohen (2013) is so committed to the theory of nudging that he argues it is ethically justifiable in some circumstances when the act of nudging takes advantage of flaws in a patient's decision-makin...
OPTIMAL EUROSCORES FOR PREDICTING INPATIENT DEATHS IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Hazel K. Turner, Syed Husain, Suneil Aggarwal, Julia Flint, Karl Norrington, Mohamad Barakat, Mihir Kelshiker, Adrian Cheng, Darlington O. Okonko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effect of Chylomicrons on the Fibrinolytic Activity of Normal Human Plasma in Vitro
Authors: THOMAS C. MERIGAN, JOHN W. FARQUHAR, JAMES H. WILLIAMS, MAURICE SOKOLOW
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

The reported inhibition of fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma after ingestion of fat has been confirmed. It is shown that the chylomicrons present in such plasma are responsible for this phenomenon.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis Involving an Aortofemoral Prosthetic Graft
Authors: Richard A. Matthay
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ACUTE pulmonary histoplasmosis is usually a self-limited disease; however, the disseminated form is progressive and frequently fatal if untreated.<sup>1</sup>Disseminated histoplasmosis has been reported to cause both endocarditis<sup>2</sup>and mycotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta.<sup>3</sup>A patient is described in whom a previously implanted Dacron aortofemoral graft became infected with<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>. Our case illustrates that vascular prostheses are susceptible to fungal infections that are difficult to eradicate. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 46-year-old man had dyspnea, hemoptysis, and fever in February 1972. Three years earlier, a bifurcation graft from the aorta to the right common femoral and left external iliac arteries had been inserted for relief of intermittent claudication due to severe peripheral vascular disease. On admission, vital signs were normal except for a temperature of 38.5 C. Abnormalities on physical examination included bilateral basilar rales and a spleen palpable 3 cm below the left costal
Prolonged Kinetics of Recovery of Oxygen Consumption After Maximal Graded Exercise in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Alain Cohen-Solal, Thierry Laperche, Daniel Morvan, Michel Geneves, Bernard Caviezel, René Gourgon
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) often complain of prolonged dyspnea after exercise. The determinants of oxygen consumption after exercise in these patients are unknown. We hypothesized that the kinetics of oxygen consumption recovery after graded exercise was prolonged in parallel with the recovery of muscle energy stores, was not affected by the exercise level, and could be used to assess the circulatory response to exercise.Seventy-two patients with CHF in Weber's class A (n = 28), B (n = 21), and C/D (n = 23) and 13 healthy subjects performed maximal upright bicycle exercise with breath-by-breath respiratory gas analysis. Kinetics of recovery of ventilation (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2), and CO2 production (VCO2) after exercise were characterized by T1/2, the time to reach 50% of the peak value. T1/2 VO2 (seconds) increased with the severity of CHF (97 +/- 17 for CHF A [P < .05 versus CHF B, P < .05 versus CHF C/D], 119 +/- 22 for CHF B [P < .05 versus control subjects, P < .05 versus CHF A, and P < .05 versus CHF C/D], 155 +/- 55 for CHF C/D [P < .05 versus control subjects, P < .05 versus CHF A, and P < .05 versus CHF B] compared with 77 +/- 17 for control subjects). T1/2 VCO2 and T1/2 VE also increased similarly with the worsening of CHF. T1/2 VO2 was correlated negatively with peak VO2 (r = .65) and was reproducible (r = .96). To study the relation between T1/2 VO2 and the duration of exercise, 10 healthy subjects and 22 patients underwent a second graded test at 75% and/or 50% of peak workload. T1/2 VO2 was minimally shortened, at only 50% of peak workload (P = .02). Finally, 19 patients underwent 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the anterior compartment of the leg during exercise; the half-time of recovery of the ratio of inorganic phosphate to creatine phosphate (T1/2 Pi/PCr), reflecting the level of involvement of oxidative metabolism in the restoration of energetic metabolites after exercise, was linearly correlated with the half-time of VO2 recovery (r = .70, P < .01).Postexercise T1/2 VO2 increases when CHF worsens, perhaps in part a result of slower kinetics of recovery of muscle energy stores. The time course of oxygen consumption recovery may represent a simple new criterion for measuring the impairment of the circulatory response to exercise in CHF, even submaximal exercise.
Ovarian cancer risk model needs a more meaningful clinical parameter
Authors: F. J. Candido-dos-Reis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The IOTA-ADNEX model is a useful tool for the management of women with an adnexal mass and will eventually help to improve the outcome of ovarian cancers.1 Although the model is well designed and validated, the parameter “Oncology centre (specialised referral centre for …
Contrast echocardiography can assess risk area and infarct size during coronary occlusion and reperfusion: experimental validation
Authors: S.téphane Lafitte, Aya Higashiyama, Hisashi Masugata, Barry Peters, Monet Strachan, O.i Ling Kwan, Anthony N DeMaria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Fishing for Yeti
Authors: Haider Javed Warraich
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterizing Exposures to Nonpersistent Pesticides during Pregnancy and Early Childhood in the National Children’s Study: A Review of Monitoring and Measurement Methodologies
Authors: Asa Bradman, Robin M. Whyatt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The National Children's Study is a proposed longitudinal cohort study to evaluate the relationships between children's health and the environment. Enrollment is estimated to begin in September 2005, and 100,000 children will be followed from preconception or early pregnancy until adulthood. Among multiple health outcomes, the study is proposing to investigate whether pre- and/or postnatal exposures to nonpersistent pesticides increase the risk of poor performance on neurobehavioral and cognitive exams during infancy and early childhood. Characterization of exposures will be challenging. Nonpersistent pesticides include many chemicals with biologic half-lives on the order of hours or days. Exposures can occur through multiple pathways (e.g., food and residential or agriculture pesticide use) and by multiple routes (inhalation, ingestion, dermal). Effects may depend on the developmental stage when exposure occurs. Sequential sampling is likely to be required and may involve a combination of environmental and biologic monitoring as well as collection of questionnaire data. In this article we review measurements that can be used to characterize exposures. These include biologic markers, personal and indoor air sampling techniques, collection of dust, surface and dermal wipe samples, and dietary assessment tools. Criteria for sample selection will necessitate evaluation of the time frame of exposure captured by the measurement in relationship to critical windows of susceptibility, the cost and validity of the measurements, participant burden, and variability in exposure routes across populations and at different age periods.
Octreotide effectively decreases mucosal damage in experimental colitis.
Authors: R Eliakim, F Karmeli, E Okon, D Rachmilewitz
Journal: Gut (1993)

The effect of octreotide, a synthetic analogue of somatostatin, on the modulation of the acetic acid model of experimental colitis was examined. Colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of 2 ml of 5% acetic acid. The inflammatory response elicited by the acetic acid resulted in increased colonic synthesis of platelet activating factor, leukotriene B4 and decreased mucosal somatostatin levels. Subcutaneous administration of octreotide (10 micrograms/rat) 1 hour before or immediately after damage induction, as well as 1 and 23 hours after acetic acid application, resulted in a significant reduction in mucosal damage. The protective effect was accompanied by a significant reduction in platelet activating factor activity, leukotriene B4, and vasoactive intestinal peptide concentrations. There were no significant changes in mucosal leukotriene C4 and calcitonin gene related peptide levels. This study shows that acetic acid induced colitis is pharmacologically manipulated by octreotide. The mechanism of action of octreotide has not yet been fully determined. The potential use of octreotide in treating active inflammatory bowel disease remains to be evaluated.
Effects of Vitamin E on Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Subfractions to Oxidation and on Protein Glycation in NIDDM
Authors: Peter D Reaven, David A Herold, Joellen Barnett, Steve Edelman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and LDL subfractions to oxidation and on protein glycation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-one men with NIDDM (HbA1c = 6-10%), ages 50–70, were randomly assigned to either 1,600 IU/day of vitamin E or placebo for 10 weeks after a 4-week placebo period. LDL and LDL subfractions were isolated after 4 weeks of placebo and after 6 and 10 weeks of therapy. Susceptibility of LDL to copper-mediated oxidation was measured by conjugated diene formation (lag time) and formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Fasting serum glucose, mean weekly blood glucose, HbA1c, and glycated plasma protein concentrations were also determined at these time points. RESULTS Vitamin E content in plasma and LDL increased 4.0- and 3.7-fold, respectively, in the vitamin E-treated group. Vitamin E decreased the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation in comparison with placebo (lag time, 243 ± 46 vs. 151 ± 22 min, P &amp;lt; 0.01; 3 h TBARS, 24 ± 12 vs. 66 ± 18 nmol malondialdehyde/mg LDL, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Vitamin E content also increased significantly in both buoyant and dense LDL subfractions, and their oxidation was dramatically reduced. The lag time of LDL oxidation correlated well with the content of vitamin E in both LDL and its subfractions (r = 0.69–0.92). Glycemic indexes did not change significantly in either group during the study. Protein glycation, including glycated hemoglobin, glycated albumin, glycated total plasma proteins, and glycated LDL were unchanged in the vitamin E group. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of vitamin E in NIDDM leads to enrichment of LDL and LDL subfractions and reduced susceptibility to oxidation. Despite a greater percentage increase in vitamin E content in small dense LDL, it remained substantially more susceptible to oxidation than was buoyant LDL. This suggests that dense, LDL may gain less protection against oxidation from antioxidant supplementation than does larger, more buoyant LDL. In contrast to previous reports, vitamin E supplementation did not reduce glycation of intracellular or plasma proteins.
Persistence of Functional Atrioventricular Accessory Pathways in Postseptated Embryonic Avian Hearts
Authors: Denise P. Kolditz, Maurits C.E.F. Wijffels, Nico A. Blom, Arnoud van der Laarse, Roger R. Markwald, Martin J. Schalij, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot
Journal: Circulation (2006)

During heart development, the ventricular activation sequence changes from a base-to-apex to an apex-to-base pattern. We investigated the possibility of impulse propagation through remnants of atrioventricular (AV) connections in quail hearts.In 86 hearts (group A, HH30-34, n=15; group B, HH35-44, n=65; group C, 5 to 6 months, n=6) electrodes were positioned at the left atrium, right ventricular base, left ventricular (LV) base, and LV apex. In group A, LV base activation preceded LV apex activation in the majority of cases (60%; 9 of 15), whereas hearts in group B primarily demonstrated an LV apex-to-base activation pattern (72%; 47 of 65). Interestingly, in group B, the right ventricular base (17%; 11 of 65) or LV base (8%; 5 of 65) exhibited premature activation in 25% (16 of 65) of cases, whereas in 26% (17 of 65), the right ventricular base or LV base was activated simultaneously with the LV apex. Morphological analysis confirmed functional data by showing persistent muscular AV connections in embryonic hearts. Interestingly, all myocardial AV connections stained positive for periostin, a nonmyocardial marker. Longitudinal analysis (HH35-44) demonstrated a decrease in both the number of hearts that exhibited premature base activation (P=0.015) and the number (P=0.004) and width (P=0.179) of accessory AV pathways with developmental stage in a similar time course. In the adult quail hearts, accessory myocardial AV pathways were functionally and morphologically absent.Thus, impulse propagation through persistent accessory AV connections remains possible at near-hatching stages (HH44) of development, which may provide a substrate for AV reentrant arrhythmias in perinatal life. Periostin positivity and absence of AV pathways in the adult heart suggest that these connections eventually lose their myocardial phenotype, which implicates ongoing AV ring isolation perinatally and postnatally.
Deficiency in IL-17-committed Vγ4+ γδ T cells in a spontaneous Sox13-mutant CD45.1+ congenic mouse substrain provides protection from dermatitis
Authors: Elizabeth E Gray, Francisco Ramírez-Valle, Ying Xu, Shuang Wu, Zhihao Wu, Klaus E Karjalainen, Jason G Cyster
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
An Address on Local Medical Topics and Association Work
Authors: E. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1884)

GEN_TLEMEN, twenty-five years have passed since, iii June 1859, I gave expression to my gratitude for the confidence and esteem evinced in electing me president of the Lancashire and Cheshire Branch of the British Medical Association, on the occasion when it celebrated its twenty-third anniversary by meeting for the first time in the loyal and ancient city of Chester, so rich in archmological interest and in historical traditions and associations.I then hazarded the prediction that that first visit would prove to be the precursor of numerous similar gatherings, each succeeding one increasing in numibers, in in- fluence, and in the importance of its transactions.Facts have fully justified that prediction.Like the parent Association in relation to the general body of the profession, so the Lancashire and Cheshire Branch embraces the elite of the profession in the district it comprises, an(d comparatively few members renmain outside its ranks.The diffi- culty of adding to our numbers is, therefore, necessarily ever in- creasing, but still, after the lapse of so many years, I again have the courage to believe that, in the future as in the past, this important Branch will grow in at least equal proportion and power with the gigantic Association, the largest the world has ever known, of which it forms so considerable a part.I am this day-and it is in truth a very proud and happy day for me-entering upon the duties of your president for the second time.You have thereby conferred on me an honour which, in this large Branch of the Association, is unprecedented, and which from that very circumstance necessarily carries with it enhanced value.I should indeed be unworthy of your renewed confidence if I did not rejoice in the proof it affords, at a time when my professional career must at no very remote period terminate, that-however unworthy such dis- tinction-I have never lost, and still retain, the favourable regard of my professional brethren ; and so long as I may be spared I must ever
SPARC affects glioma cell growth differently when grown on brain ECM proteins in vitro under standard versus reduced-serum stress conditions
Authors: Satya V. Vadlamuri, Joe Media, Steadman S. Sankey, Alexander Nakeff, George Divine, Sandra A. Rempel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2003)

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has a suppressive effect on U87 glioma cell proliferation when assessed in vitro and in vivo using parental U87T2 and U87T2-derived SPARC-transfected clones. Since SPARCinteracts with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, we examined the effect of SPARC secretion on proliferation, morphology, and cell density of glioma cells grown in vitro, in the absence and presence of ECM proteins under standard (10% fetal bovine serum [FBSI) and reduced (0.1% FBS) serum stress conditions. Under standard conditions, MTT (3-(4,5-cimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) growth curves, morphology, and Western blot analyses demonstrated that SPARC had a suppressive and biphasic effect on growth that was not grossly modulated by the ECMs. The SPARC-induced changes in morphology observed at 24 h were not altered by the presence of ECMs. Under reduced-serum stress conditions, Western blot, morphological, and flow cytometric analyses indicated that the SPARC-induced suppressive growth effects were eliminated when the cells were grown on plastic. However, ECM-specific changes in growth were observed, some of which correlated with secreted SPARC levels. These results indicate that the differential effects of SPARC and ECMs on proliferation are dependent on culture conditions. Since the results obtained under standard conditions agree with our in vivo observations, we conclude that the ability of SPARC to suppress proliferation is regulated to a greater degree by the level of SPARC and that this suppressive effect is not influenced by the presence of any of the ECMs examined.