tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Sedation and Monitoring Practices in Spain: A Nationwide Survey in the Year 2014
Authors: Alfredo Lucendo, Ferrán González-Huix, José Tenias, Leopoldo López-Rosés, Pedro Alonso-Aguirre, Enrique Quintero, Miguel Muñoz-Navas
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aims: </b>The introduction of new sedative agents and a desire for improved patient care have encouraged the use of sedation for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy over the last decade. This survey aims to provide, within Spain, national and regional data on gastroenterologists' endoscopic sedation and monitoring practices, and on their attitudes concerning these practices. <b>Methods: </b>A 19-item survey covering the current practices of sedation and monitoring in GI endoscopy was electronically mailed to all members of the three nationwide scientific societies. <b>Results: </b>Of 2476 e-mailed questionnaires, a total of 569 (23 %) were returned, proportionally representing the structure of the Spanish health care system. Monitoring and resuscitation resources were universally available, as well as post-endoscopy recovery rooms. Endoscopy teams usually included a registered nurse (98.5 %), an auxiliary nurse (80.5 %), and other physicians (25.7 %), generally anesthesiologists. More than half of esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs) are performed with the patient under sedation; in 25 % of centers, more than 95 % colonoscopies are performed with the patient sedated, but a wide variation was observed. Pre-endoscopic risk is assessed in the vast majority of procedures. Propofol is the most commonly used sedative, either alone (in 70 % of EGDs and 80 % of colonoscopies) or in combination with other drugs. Private funding of a clinic was the only predictor of a significant increase in the use of sedation; 57.7 % of the respondents stated having difficulties in implementing sedation, with the limited availability of anesthesiologists and resuscitation training for the auxiliary staff the most common complaints. <b>Conclusions: </b>The use of sedation during GI endoscopy in Spain varies widely but is on the increase and is more common in private practice. Propofol is the preferred sedative in all procedures.
Care Bill could lead to "backdoor" reconfiguration of NHS services, says BMA
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Care Bill, which includes a controversial government amendment making it easier to reconfigure NHS services in England without full public consultation, has had its second reading in the House of Commons and has gone through to the committee stage.

The government put down the amendment to the bill, which started in the House of Lords, after losing a legal challenge in the High …
The gut as an inductive site for synovial and extra-articular immune responses in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: C Trollmo, C Sollerman, H Carlsten, A Tarkowski
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVES--To analyse the immunological interactions between the gut lymphoid tissue, synovium, and peripheral blood compartments in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS--Patients with RA and AS and healthy controls were orally or parenterally immunised with an influenza virus vaccine. Antigen-specific antibody responses were measured at the single cell level by ELISPOT assay using lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood and from enzymatically dispersed synovial tissues. RESULTS--Both oral and parenteral immunisations induced antigen-specific antibody-secreting cells in the synovial tissue of patients with RA. Parenterally immunised patients with RA showed significantly decreased antigen-specific antibody responses in peripheral blood compared with patients with AS and with healthy controls. In contrast, oral vaccination evoked comparable peripheral blood antibody responses in all three study groups. CONCLUSIONS--Despite a decreased immune responsiveness in the systemic compartment, the functional status of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue in patients with RA is intact. In addition, there is evidence that the lymphocytes in the inflamed joints are accessible for signals both from the systemic and mucosal compartments. The findings of immunological 9cross-talk9 are relevant to future vaccination and tolerization procedures in patients with RA.
Inhibition of endothelial cell survival and angiogenesis by protein kinase A
Authors: Semi Kim, Manjiri Bakre, Hong Yin, Judith A. Varner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Receptors for the provisional ECM are important regulators of angiogenesis. One of these receptors, integrin alpha5beta1, plays a critical role in tumor- and growth factor-induced angiogenesis, because antagonists of this integrin potently inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth. Here we show that the integrin alpha5beta1 promotes endothelial cell survival during angiogenesis in vivo by suppressing the activity of protein kinase A (PKA). Antagonists of integrin alpha5beta1 activate PKA, which then leads to the activation of caspase-8 and induction of apoptosis. Direct activation of PKA by cAMP or by expression of the PKA catalytic subunit also induces endothelial cell apoptosis, resulting in angiogenesis inhibition in vivo. Our studies indicate that ligation of integrin alpha5beta1 during angiogenesis suppresses an apoptotic program that is dependent on PKA. These studies also indicate that induction of endothelial cell apoptosis in vivo by genetic or pharmacological activation of PKA may be a useful strategy to inhibit angiogenesis.
Mycosis Fungoides in the United States
Authors: Martin A. Weinstock
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The etiology of mycosis fungoides is obscure, and the risk factors for its occurrence are poorly documented. This investigation uses data from nine US population-based cancer registries to investigate the descriptive epidemiology of this disorder. From 1973 through 1984, 721 newly diagnosed cases of mycosis fungoides were reported to these registries (0.29 cases per 100 000 population per year). A dramatic increase in the incidence of mycosis fungoides was noted over the period of this study. The incidence was highest among the elderly. Blacks were twice as likely to be afflicted as whites, and the incidence among men was more than twice the incidence among women. The geographic variation in incidence was associated with several demographic variables, including population density, family income, and concentration of physicians. Analysis of mortality among these patients revealed no evidence of detection bias. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:42-46)
[270] PROSPECTIVE INFLUENCE OF HFE GENE MUTATIONS AND LIVER IRON OVERLOAD ON THE RISK OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA OCCURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC OR HCV-RELATED CIRRHOSIS
Authors: P. Nahon, A. Sutton, P. Rufat, G. Thabut, M. Ziol, R. Fagard, P.O. Schischmanoff, D. Vidaud, N. Charnaux, N. Ganne-Carrie, J.C. Trinchet, L. Gattegno, M. Beaugrand
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
BAFF and APRIL protect myeloma cells from apoptosis induced by interleukin 6 deprivation and dexamethasone
Authors: Jérôme Moreaux, Eric Legouffe, Eric Jourdan, Philippe Quittet, Thierry Rème, Cécile Lugagne, Philippe Moine, Jean-François Rossi, Bernard Klein, Karin Tarte
Journal: Blood (2003)
It is time to separate the NHS from direct government involvement
Authors: Layla Jader
Journal: BMJ (2006)

P recious NHS resources have been wasted in constant structural changes. The government and all political parties should endorse the proposal that as part of the modernisation agenda the management of the NHS should be totally separated from direct government involvement. This can be achieved by delegating overall NHS management power to an all party elected body, which would include experts in professional, clinical, and health service management and which would be advised by an accountable body (see figures).

Such an independent management body would bring balanced political and electoral representation to the NHS as well as the expertise of highly experienced health professionals elected to represent the NHS staff from within their clinical, professional, and health service management organisations. It would be better placed to deal with the difficult issues of prioritisation and future funding of the NHS and would oversee policy, planning, performance management, and quality assurance.

As BMJ editor Fiona Godlee has said (Editor's choice, 1 April 2006), the NHS needs a system that replaces political dogma with clinically driven decisions, confrontation with consensus, unaccountability with democracy, and short term decision making with long term stability. The NHS is too complex and too vital to our future …
The Transmission of AIDS: The Case of the Infected Cell
Authors: Pietro Cocchi
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> We read with great interest the article in the May 27 issue of<i>JAMA</i>by Dr Levy<sup>1</sup>about the importance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—infected cells in transmission of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It has been reported<sup>2,3</sup>that the vertical transmission of HIV infection from an infected mother to her newborn is presumptively possible via breast-feeding, owing to the isolation of retrovirus from cell-free human breast milk.<sup>4</sup>Although this evidence in no way excludes HIV transmission through the acellular fraction of milk, it does suggest that the risk, if there is one, is likely to be small. This is because of the presence in human milk of a wide range of factors active against free viruses and because oral infection with HIV can occur only in the event of mucosal ruptures. Transmission, therefore, might occur by two different mechanisms: by penetration of retrovirus through
Amyloid-Beta (1-40) and the Risk of Death From Cardiovascular Causes in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Dirk Sibbing, Loukianos S. Rallidis, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Dimitrios Stakos, Siegmund Braun, Aikaterini Gatsiou, Kateryna Sopova, Christos Kotakos, Christos Varounis, Constantinos C. Tellis, Efstathios Kastritis, Maria Alevizaki, Alexandros D. Tselepis, Panagiotis Alexopoulos, Christoph Laske, Till Keller, Adnan Kastrati, Stefanie Dimmeler, Andreas M. Zeiher, Konstantinos Stellos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 986: Reverse-engineered, forward-simulation of MEK-dependent molecular networks reveal novel regulators of cell cycle and cancer cell survival
Authors: Rina Gendelman, Heming Xing, Preeti Sarde, Olga K. Mirzoeva, Heidi Feiler, Joe W. Gray, Paul McDonagh, Iya Khalil, W. Michael
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ABSTRACT Molecular networks governing responses to targeted therapies in cancer cells are complex dynamic systems that demonstrate non-intuitive behaviors. We applied a novel computational strategy to decipher causal relationships between signaling network components. Gene networks were constructed MEK from global gene expression profiles to model G1-S cell cycle arrest as a consequence of inhibition of MEK, a key component of the oncogenic RAF-MEK-ERK signal transduction pathway. Through forward-simulation of reverse-engineered networks candidate MEK-dependent regulators of the cell cycle were identified. The potential of the approach to infer causality is demonstrated by confirmed predictions of differential effects of two early-response transcription factors, IER2 and EGR1. Conventional linear regression analysis shows strong correlation of expression of both with MEK inhibition and cell cycle distribution, while only IER2 is predicted by our model and experimentally validated to have a causal effect on G1-S transition. Furthermore, we identify TRIB1 (tribbles homologue 1 drosophila) as a potent and novel cell cycle regulator. TRIB1 also mediates cross-talk to the NFkB pathway by enhancing p100 and IkBa-phosphorylation and degradation thus regulating cell survival and expression of cytokines crucial for tumor-stroma interaction. In agreement with this, knock-down of TRIB1 results in induction of apoptosis and sensitizes cells to cell killing induced by the death-receptor agonist TRAIL via upregulation of TRAIL receptor, DR5. Thus TRIB1 is a central regulator of cell cycle and survival and represents a potential therapeutic target. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 986. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-986
Impaired maintenance of naturally acquired T-cell memory to the meningococcus in patients with B-cell immunodeficiency
Authors: Begonia Morales-Aza, Sarah J. Glennie, Tomaz Pereira Garcez, Victoria Davenport, Sarah L. Johnston, Neil A. Williams, Robert S. Heyderman
Journal: Blood (2009)

Abstract The importance of T cells in the generation of antigen-specific B-cell immunity has been extensively described, but the role B cells play in shaping T-cell memory is uncertain. In healthy controls, exposure to Neisseria meningitidis in the upper respiratory tract is associated with the generation of memory T cells in the mucosal and systemic compartments. However, we demonstrate that in B cell–deficient subjects with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), naturally acquired T-cell memory responses to meningococcal antigens are reduced compared with healthy control patients. This difference is not found in T-cell memory to an obligate respiratory pathogen, influenza virus. Accordingly, we show that meningococcal antigens up-regulate major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, CD40, CD86/80 expression on mucosal and systemic associated B cells and that antigen presentation stimulates T-cell proliferation. A similar reduction in N meningitidis but not influenza antigen–specific T-cell memory was observed in subjects with X-linked hyper IgM syndrome (X-HIM), implicating the interaction of CD40-CD40L in this process. Together, these data implicate B cells in the induction and maintenance of T-cell memory to mucosal colonizing bacteria such as N meningitidis and highlight the importance of B cells beyond antibody production but as a target for immune reconstitution.
Cancer risk among users of oral contraceptives: cohort data from the Royal College of General Practitioner's oral contraception study
Authors: Philip C Hannaford, Sivasubramaniam Selvaraj, Alison M Elliott, Valerie Angus, Lisa Iversen, Amanda J Lee
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To examine the absolute risks or benefits on cancer associated with oral contraception, using incident data. <b>Design</b> Inception cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Royal College of General Practitioners9 oral contraception study. <b>Participants</b> Directly standardised data from the Royal College of General Practitioners9 oral contraception study. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Adjusted relative risks between never and ever users of oral contraceptives for different types of cancer, main gynaecological cancers combined, and any cancer. Standardisation variables were age, smoking, parity, social class, and (for the general practitioner observation dataset) hormone replacement therapy. Subgroup analyses examined whether the relative risks changed with user characteristics, duration of oral contraception usage, and time since last use of oral contraception. <b>Results</b> The main dataset contained about 339 000 woman years of observation for never users and 744 000 woman years for ever users. Compared with never users ever users had statistically significant lower rates of cancers of the large bowel or rectum, uterine body, and ovaries, tumours of unknown site, and other malignancies; main gynaecological cancers combined; and any cancer. The relative risk for any cancer in the smaller general practitioner observation dataset was not significantly reduced. Statistically significant trends of increasing risk of cervical and central nervous system or pituitary cancer, and decreasing risk of uterine body and ovarian malignancies, were seen with increasing duration of oral contraceptive use. Reduced relative risk estimates were observed for ovarian and uterine body cancer many years after stopping oral contraception, although some were not statistically significant. The estimated absolute rate reduction of any cancer among ever users was 45 or 10 per 100 000 woman years, depending on whether the main or general practitioner observation dataset was used. <b>Conclusion</b> In this UK cohort, oral contraception was not associated with an overall increased risk of cancer; indeed it may even produce a net public health gain. The balance of cancer risks and benefits, however, may vary internationally, depending on patterns of oral contraception usage and the incidence of different cancers.
Feelings of Professional Fulfilment and Exhaustion in Mental Health Personnel: The Importance of Organisational and Individual Factors
Authors: Sarah Thomsen, Joaquim Soares, Peter Nolan, Janie Dallender, Bengt Arnetz
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

&lt;i&gt;Background: &lt;/i&gt;Mental health personnel are at high risk for mental illness, burnout and suicide. Previous studies of this group of professionals have indicated the importance of organisational factors in explaining burnout, or exhaustion, and work satisfaction. This study looks more systematically at the contribution of organisational and individual factors to work-related exhaustion and to professional fulfilment, an expanded version of job satisfaction. &lt;i&gt;Methods: &lt;/i&gt;A cross-sectional study of 1, 051 psychiatrists and mental health nurses in the city of Stockholm was carried out by postal questionnaire with a previously validated instrument. Multiple and logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of exhaustion and professional fulfilment. &lt;i&gt;Results: &lt;/i&gt;Organisational characteristics were found to be more important than individual characteristics in predicting exhaustion and professional fulfilment in mental health professionals. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/i&gt;The results indicate that the psychosocial work environment and well-being of mental health professionals can be improved by concentrating on organisational factors such as efficiency, personal development and goal quality.
Differential Collapsing Pulses: A New Clinical Sign
Authors: John O'Sullivan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 September 1993Differential Collapsing Pulses: A New Clinical SignJohn O'Sullivan, MD and Hugh Bain, MDJohn O'Sullivan, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Hugh Bain, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The many advances in cardiologic imaging tend to overshadow the contribution of basic physical signs to clinical medicine. In congenital heart disease, detailed clinical examination can be informative and can have a major effect on clinical decision making. In this report, we describe a new physical sign in an adult with complex congenital heart disease and interruption of the aortic arch.The male patient was first admitted to Freeman Hospital in 1967 at the age of 3 months with cyanosis and cardiac failure. The complex nature of his congenital heart defect is shown in Figure 1. He ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 540KeywordsBlood pressureCongenital heart diseaseEndocarditisHeartHeart failureHeart ratePulmonary arteriesSystolic pressureUpper respiratory tract infectionsValve replacement Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
ADENO-PAPILLOMA OF THE RECTUM
Authors: R. Parker
Journal: BMJ (1911)

A 42 year old man presented with a slowly progressive gait disturbance, generalised weakness, dysarthria, clumsiness and tremor of his hands, and involuntary jerks. Hexosaminidase A activity in plasma, leucocytes and fibroblasts was considerably reduced, establishing the diagnosis of GM2 gangliosidosis. Clinical examination showed two previously unreported features, a clinically evident sensory neuropathy and internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, and Surgery in the Curative Treatment of Inoperable Cervical Cancer
Authors: William N. Kemp
Journal: JAMA (1966)

RECENTLY, the almost total futility of x-radiation as the sole therapeutic modality in the curative treatment of advanced inoperable cancer of the cervix uteri has been pointed out by Gollin and associates.<sup>1</sup>These clinicians have stated that although acceptable cure rates have been achieved in early lesions of the cervix by radiotherapy, in the advanced lesions "... only temporary improvement is all too often the end result." Chamberlain, a radiologist, speaking of cancer in general, has stated, "... surgical and radiation therapies were highly successful in early cases, but generally unsuccessful in advanced cases."<sup>2</sup> <h3>Combined X-Radiation and Cancer Chemotherapy</h3> In the experimental field, Foye and associates<sup>3</sup>have demonstrated that either fluorouracil or cyclosphamide, in combination with external radiation, produced a longer survival time and slower tumor growth rate in mice with transplanted malignant tumors than could be achieved with either of these chemotherapeutic drugs administered without x-radiation. Allaire and
1073 CHARACTERISATION OF ADULT LIVER PROGENITOR CELLS (ALDPC) AND USE FOR CELL THERAPY AND IN VITRO DRUG TESTING
Authors: M. Bock, M. Rothe, U. Rüdrich, G. Riedel, S. Kirsch, M. Iken, M. Ott, M.P. Manns
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Serologically documented loracarbef (Lorabid)-induced immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: O.S. Aljitawi, K. Krishnan, B.R. Curtis, D.W. Bougie, R.H. Aster
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

We report here the first case of severe immune thrombocytopenia induced by a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Loracarbef. A 56-year old white female developed acute severe thrombocytopenia associated with acute respiratory symptoms following administration of Loracarbef. She responded to Loracarbef withdrawal and systemic corticosteroid administration. Loracarbef-dependent platelet-reactive antibodies were demonstrable in her serum by flow cytometry.