tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF TORREY'S PANCREATIC EXTRACT ("GLYCOSIN") AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR INSULIN
Authors: NELLIS B. FOSTER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Since the discovery of insulin, diligent effort has been made to find other modes of administration than by hypodermic injection. Experiments have been made in giving insulin by mouth and by rubbing it into the  skin. While some effect can be secured in several of these ways, that effect has been relatively slight and always so inconstant as to exclude practical application of the method for the present. Probably the most hopeful results are contained in the reports of Murlin, Sutter, Allen and Piper, 1 who gave insulin in combination with a weak acid in the form of enteric coated tablets. In the wake of these careful scientific studies,  there has been naturally a revival of the claims made for various nondescript preparations of pancreas. With these we are not concerned. They were tested years ago and found worthless, and the numerous testimonials sent out by their manufacturers are remarkable
Bexarotene blunts malignant T‐cell chemotaxis in Sezary syndrome: Reduction of chemokine receptor 4‐positive lymphocytes and decreased chemotaxis to thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine
Authors: Stephen K. Richardson, Sarah B. Newton, Tami L. Bach, Jeanne B. Budgin, Bernice M. Benoit, Julie H. Lin, Jessica S. Yoon, Maria Wysocka, Charles S. Abrams, Alain H. Rook
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract The malignant cells in Sezary syndrome express the skin trafficking molecules' cutaneous lymphocyte associated antigen (CLA) and chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). High levels of the CCR4 ligand, thymus, and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC), have been reported in the blood and skin of patients. The rexinoid X‐receptor specific retinoid, bexarotene, has contributed to the resolution of cutaneous disease among patients. To evaluate the effects of bexarotene on skin trafficking molecule expression and chemotaxis, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Sezary syndrome patients and healthy controls were treated with bexarotene in vitro. CCR4 and CLA expression levels and chemotaxis in response to TARC (6.25 ng/ml) were evaluated among lymphocytes before and after treament with bexarotene (10 μM). Flow cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate CD4, CD26, CLA, and CCR4 cell surface expression. Transwell migration assays were performed to evaluate chemotaxis to TARC. Prior to treatment, malignant cells exhibited higher CCR4 expression (45–90%) and greater than four times more chemotaxis to TARC compared with healthy controls. After treatment with bexarotene for 36–96 hr, a 28% reduction in CCR4 expression was noted ( P &lt; 0.05) among the malignant population with an associated 9% decrease in chemotaxis to TARC ( P &lt; 0.05). Our results show that bexarotene may inhibit malignant cell trafficking to the skin through an ability to suppress CCR4 expression among Sezary syndrome lymphocytes. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 589: Benzyl isothiocyanate effectively inhibits solid tumor growth and lung metastasis of 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells in BALB/c mice fed on a high-fat diet
Authors: Minhee Kim, Jung Han Yoon Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a hydrolysis product of glucotropaeolin, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables. We previously observed that chronic consumption of a high-fat diet increased the breast cancer progression and lung metastasis in the 4T1 orthotopic BALB/c mouse model. In the present study, we determined whether BITC inhibits high-fat diet-induced acceleration of breast cancer growth and metastasis in the 4T1 model. 4-week old, female BALB/c mice were fed on a high-fat diet (HFD, 60 kcal% fat) or control diet (CD, 10 kcal% fat) and BITC was administered daily with oral gavage (0, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight/day). After 16 weeks, 4T1 cells (5 × 104 cells) were injected into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic, female, BALB/c mice and the mice were continuously fed on the same diets and BITC. 26 day after the cancer cell injection, animals were killed. The weights of tumors and lungs were significantly increased in the HFD group as compared to the CD group, and the increases were suppressed by BITC treatment. Additionally, chronic consumption of the HFD markedly increased the number and volume of tumor nodules in the lung; the increases were markedly suppressed by BITC treatment. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissues revealed that the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31, an angiogenesis marker), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, LYVE-1 (lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor-1), VEGF-D, Ki67, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, cyclin A, cyclin D1, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was markedly increased in the HFD group as compared to the CD group; the increases were blocked by BITC treatment. Chronic consumption of the HFD reduced TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells, which was prevented by BITC treatment. The present results demonstrate that BITC suppressed HFD-stimulated breast cancer progression, which may have been mediated via the suppression of cell cycle progression, tumor angiogenesis and lymph angiogenesis, and induction of apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 589. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-589
Time course and mechanism of alterations in proton relaxation during liver regeneration in the rat
Authors: Dirk H. Sostman, John C. Gore, Wayne M. Flye, Allan G. Johnson, Robert J. Herfkens
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

We studied the proton T1 and T2, water and lipid content of regenerating rat liver from 1 to 7 days after 70% hepatectomy. Liver from normal and sham-operated animals and splenic tissue from all animals were studied as controls. In vivo proton spectroscopy and imaging of liver was performed in a separate group of control and posthepatectomy rats. The T2 of regenerating liver, but not of sham or normal control liver, was prolonged. Changes in T1, relative to normal tissue, were found in liver and spleen of both operated groups. Lipid content, assessed both by extraction of tissue samples and by in vivo spectroscopy, was increased in regenerating tissue but not in controls. Water content was similarly increased in regenerating liver tissue. Changes in water and lipid content appeared to contribute to the alterations in proton relaxation which we observed.
SITE OF ORIGIN OF GALLSTONES.
Authors: L. L. McARTHUR
Journal: JAMA (1905)

somewhat akin to the reason for the prevalence of varicocele on the left side and the frequent affections of the left ovary in women.Many gynecologists claim that this is due to the fact that the left spermatic vein in man and left ovarian vein in women enter into the splenic vein at a right angle, whereas the right spermatic vein in man and the right ovarian vein in women enter into the vena cava almost directly, so that the venous flow going from the left testicle or left ovary passes around a right angle.This should be thought of in this con- nection.Db. A. H. Cordieb said that Dr. Goldspohn's remarks would be applicable were this condition of thrombus of a primary character.This is not the ease, it is secondary to the inflam- matory conditions in the venous wall.The anatomic character could be easily explained were it of a thrombotic nature, but it is not of thrombotic origin.It is simply a mild type of in- fection.Inflammatory changes take place in the venous wall and this condition is secondary thereto.
US Supreme Court upholds Obama's health reform act
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2012)

By a vote of five to four, the US Supreme Court upheld the health reform act, known as the Affordable Care Act.

Health reform immediately became a hot issue in this year’s election campaign, which ends with voting on 6 November. Many US citizens object to the health reform act as an expansion of government and the government telling them what to do.

President Barack Obama made a national television address saying that the decision showed that “here in America, the wealthiest nation on earth, no illness or accident should lead to any family’s financial ruin.” He said it “was a victory for people all over this country whose lives are more secure because of this law.”

Mitt Romney, the Republican candidate for president, said, “If we want to get rid of Obamacare [health reform], we’re going to have to replace President Obama.” He called health reform bad policy and bad law and vowed to repeal it on his first day in office if he is elected president.

However, when Romney was governor of Massachusetts, he endorsed that state’s health reform law, which included a mandate that all residents buy …
Researcher who falsified HIV results pleads not guilty in US court
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A researcher who spiked rabbit blood with human antibodies to make it appear that an experimental HIV vaccine worked has pleaded not guilty to fraud in a US federal court, despite previously admitting his acts in a resignation letter to his university.

Dong Pyou-Han, 57, was indicted in June on four counts of fraud after the research team he worked for received $14.5m (£8.5m; €10.6m) in grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on the basis of applications that described his faked results. Han’s trial will begin in September, and each count carries a maximum sentence of five years’ imprisonment. 

In an investigation …
Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism after Erythrocyte Peroxidation: Stimulation of a Membrane Repair Process
Authors: Bertram H. Lubin, Stephen B. Shohet, David G. Nathan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

To study certain membrane repair processes in human erythrocytes, vitamin E-deficient cells were incubated with hydrogen peroxide. The incorporation of exogenous fatty acid and the transfer of fatty acid from phosphatidylcholine and neutral lipid into phosphatidylethanolamine were examined using radioactive fatty acids. Hydrogen peroxide stimulated the incorporation of fatty acid into all membrane phospholipids. The specific activity of phosphatidylethanolamine was increased disproportionately. The lipids of the membranes of erythrocytes were labeled with saturated and unsaturated fatty acid. When these erythrocytes were subsequently incubated with hydrogen peroxide, both types of fatty acid were transferred from superficial erythrocyte neutral lipids into phosphatidylethanolamine. However, the unsaturated fatty acids of phosphatidylethanolamine were subsequently altered by hydrogen peroxide, whereas the saturated fatty acids were not. The cumulative effect of these processes was a relative decrease in unsaturated fatty acid and an increase in saturated fatty acid in the phosphatidylethanolamine of the erythrocyte membrane. The net effect of these events represents the operation of repair processes which distort the usual fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes in the presence of H(2)O(2). This distortion may contribute to membrane permeability changes which occur during peroxide exposure and which precede the eventual hemolysis of these cells.
New trials to further evaluate intracoronary use of streptokinase
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Charitable funds in NHS may exacerbate disparities in access to health
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Charitable funds in the London health service tend to be spent on research and hospital based services rather than community based projects, a new report has shown.

The report, from the Charities Aid Foundation, says that charitable funding in London amounts to about £500m ($700m) a year, equal to about a tenth of the NHS expenditure in the capital. Most of the money is spent on acute services and medical research, even though these areas might not be the most …
AMBULATORY TREATMENT OF FRACTURES OF THE FEMUR; NEW MATERIAL FOR SPLINTS AND ORTHOPEDIC APPARATUS.
Authors: ALEX. C. WIENER
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Although I am perfectly well aware of the obstacles which still beset the ambulatory treatment of fractures of the lower extremities, I nevertheless claim that it is not necessary to confine the patient to bed for more than a week, even with fracture above the middle of the femur. On admission, the whole extremity should be carefully disinfected with soap, water and alcohol, and the hair removed. Then strips of cotton lining are pasted on the skin with Heusner's fluid adhesive plaster, and included in the dressing in such a manner as to leave the ankles free and to allow a small square board to be fastened at least three inches below the sole. To this board weights for extension are fastened. In the morning when the ambulatory apparatus is put on again, the weights are taken off and the strips are reversed and fastened with pins. In this way
A Population-Based Study of the Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Adults in Northern Sudan
Authors: Murtada N Elbagir, Mohammed A Eltom, Elmahadi MA Elmahadi, Ibrahim MS Kadam, Christian Berne
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of glucose intolerance in adult urban and rural populations in the northern parts of Sudan. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A sample of 1,284 subjects aged ≥25 years was selected using a multistage cluster method and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS The crude prevalence was 3.4% (men, 3.5%; women, 3.4%) for diabetes and 2.9% (men, 2.2%; women, 3.3%) for impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The highest crude prevalence was in the northern parts of Sudan (5.5%) and the lowest in the western desert-like parts (0.9%). Diabetes and IGT rates were not different between the urban and rural populations. New cases (2.2%) were almost twice as prevalent as previously known cases (1.3%). Family history of diabetes, obesity, and advanced age were associated with higher rates of diabetes. CONCLUSION The results showed a high prevalence of diabetes in the adult population of Sudan, with a wide difference among the different areas. The high ratio of newly discovered to previously known diabetic cases may reflect poor public awareness and medical services. These findings will certainly have far-reaching implications for diabetes care delivery in this country.
Study highlights challenge of patient confidentiality in medical blogospheres
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The growing popularity of blogging by medical professionals offers great opportunities but also poses the risk that patient confidentiality will be infringed, according to a new study published in the current Journal of General Internal Medicine .

A team from the University of Pennsylvania examined content from 271 medical blogs written during 2006. They concluded that “blogs are a growing part of the public face of the health professions. They offer physicians and nurses the opportunity to share their narratives. They also risk revealing confidential information or, in their tone or content, risk reflecting poorly on …
OCT Assessment of Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma Distribution in Native Coronary Arteries
Authors: Kenichi Fujii, Daizo Kawasaki, Motomaru Masutani, Takahiro Okumura, Takafumi Akagami, Tsuyoshi Sakoda, Takeshi Tsujino, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Will MICA Glitter for Recipients of Kidney Transplants?
Authors: Willy Albert Flegel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Renal transplantation as the treatment of choice for end-stage renal failure is associated with excellent short-term results. The 1-year patient-survival rate is 96%, and the 1-year allograft-survival rate is more than 90%. Although the 5-year patient-survival rate after renal transplantation remains at about 90%, there is a steady attrition of allografts because of long-term rejection, which limits the 5-year allograft-survival rate to about 80%.1 In the more than half century since the first clinical renal transplantations in the early 1950s, the procedure has become standard practice. There has been steady progress in allograft survival since the development of proper HLA . . .
Is the obesity epidemic exaggerated? Yes
Authors: Patrick Basham, John Luik
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The UK health secretary declared last week that we are in the grip of an obesity epidemic. <b>Patrick Basham </b>and<b> John Luik</b> believe that the problem is less clear cut, but <b>R W Jeffery </b>and<b> N E Sherwood</b> say that obesity is a growing global problem
Specific activation of microRNA106b enables the p73 apoptotic response in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by targeting the ubiquitin ligase Itch for degradation
Authors: Deepa Sampath, George A. Calin, Vinay K. Puduvalli, Gopal Gopisetty, Cristian Taccioli, Chang-Gong Liu, Brett Ewald, Chaomei Liu, Michael J. Keating, William Plunkett
Journal: Blood (2008)
SOME FEATURES RESPECTING THE DRAINAGE OF THE LARGER MUNICIPALITIES.
Authors: AUGUSTUS P. CLARKE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

One of the chief difficulties to be overcome in the management of a large municipality is that which is encountered in providing a proper system of drainage. The method that was established at an early date consisted in the construction of small drains so as to have them open out into a ravine or natural watercourse. Sometimes the large mains had their openings at the mouth of a river or directly into a harbor or bay. The objection to such a plan of laying sewers is in the tendency of the sewage matter to become deposited after a lapse of time upon the banks of the river and shores of the deeper waters. The odors given off by the deposition of such material after it has been exposed to the sun, winds and fogs are at times of the most unsavory character. Their baleful effects, however, have not always been
A CASE OF STATIC LENTICULAR ASTIGMATISM ACQUIRED BY THE LONG CONTINUED USE OF SPECTACLES HAVING A FAULTY POSITION.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: GEO. E. FROTHINGHAM
Journal: JAMA (1890)

That dynamic astigmatism of the lens may exist has been recognized since Donders published his classical work in 1864, and it is now generally conceded that an unequal contraction of the ciliary muscle may exist, producing irregular curvature of the crystalline lens and often producing a sensation like that attending accommodation for the<i>punctum proximum</i>, with its accompanying fatigue and asthenopic symptoms. This astig matism has often been observed in practice as sociated with corneal astigmatism, which it modifies in various degrees, sometimes increasing, sometimes partially, sometimes fully, and at other times over-correcting it. Owing to a cessation of this action as a result of loss of accommodation from age or from the use of mydriatics, corneal astigmatism that had previously been concealed, becomes manifest. Or what had appeared to be a myopic astigmatism may be shown to be a hyperopic corneal astigmatism. The question as to whether this dynamic
A 73-Year-Old Man with Long-Term Immobility Presenting with Abdominal Pain
Authors: Salomone Di Saverio, Gregorio Tugnoli, Paolo Emilio Orlandi, Marco Casali, Fausto Catena, Andrea Biscardi, Omeshnie Pillay, Franco Baldoni
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

In summer 2008, a 73-year-old man arrived in the emergency room with vague abdominal pain.On examination, his abdomen was distended and tympanic, but soft and non-tender on palpation.The patient had been immobile and bedridden since 1995, when he had neurosurgical resection of a medullary ependymoma of the spine, with residual paraplegia, peripheral neuropathy, and a neuropathic bladder with secondary chronic renal failure.The patient had a medical history of hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus and suffered from chronic constipation with recurrent episodes of partial bowel obstruction.Given his past history, the current presentation was in keeping with a further episode of bowel obstruction.At this stage, we needed to assess the degree of obstruction (complete or partial) and its possible causes.The Learning Forum discusses an important clinical problem of relevance to a general medical audience.
Nitroprusside selectively reduces ventricular preload in the stage 21 chick embryo
Authors: P. N. Bowers, J. P. Tinney, B. B. Keller
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Embryonic cardiovascular function is dynamically regulated at the tissue level. Nitric oxide (NO) regulates vascular tone and influences cardiovascular function in neonatal and mature circulations. However, the role of NO in regulating embryonic cardiovascular function is undefined. We hypothesized that NO released from nitroprusside alters embryonic vascular tone with secondary effects on ventricular function.We measured ventricular pressure and calculated ventricular volume from area using ellipsoid geometry for 180 s after suffusion of 0.0, 0.1, 1.0, or 2.5 micrograms of nitroprusside in 10 microliters of KHB buffer, or after acute venous hemorrhage in stage 21 chick embryos (n > or = 8 per group). We plotted pressure-volume loops and analyzed standard parameters of cardiovascular function by ANOVA, regression analysis, and ANCOVA.Following nitroprusside, heart rate was unchanged, end-diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV), and end-systolic pressure decreased (P < 0.05 at 180 s). For 1.0 microgram of nitroprusside, EDV decreased by 27 +/- 6%, SV decreased by 36 +/- 6%, and end-systolic pressure decreased by 28 +/- 3%. The EDV vs. SV relationship was unchanged with the exception of the 2.5 micrograms nitroprusside dose. Arterial elastance was unchanged with the exception of the 2.5 micrograms nitroprusside dose. The EDV vs. SV relationship and arterial elastance during preload reduction suggest that ventricular afterload did not decrease following NO.In contrast to the mature circulation, NO reduced preload without decreasing ventricular afterload. Thus, vasoactive agents may have unique roles in the regulation of cardiovascular structure and function during embryogenesis.