tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis compared with hepatitis C
Authors: Jason M. Hui, James G. Kench, Shivakumar Chitturi, Archana Sud, Geoffrey C. Farrell, Karen Byth, Pauline Hall, Mahbub Khan, Jacob George
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Data on the long-term outcome of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-associated cirrhosis are few, and most reports describe cases of cryptogenic cirrhosis associated with risk factors for NASH but without histologic definition. In this prospective cohort study, we describe the long-term morbidity and mortality of 23 patients with NASH-associated cirrhosis defined by strict clinicopathologic criteria. Outcomes were compared with 46 age- and gender-matched patients with cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: 23 untreated and 23 nonresponders to antiviral therapy. During follow-up (mean, 84 months; median, 60 months; range, 5-177 months), 9 of the 23 NASH-associated cirrhosis cases developed liver-related morbidity (8 ascites and/or encephalopathy, 1 variceal bleeding). The probability of complication-free survival was 83%, 77%, and 48% at 1, 3, and 10 years, respectively, and the cumulative probability of overall survival was 95%, 90%, and 84% at 1, 3, and 10 years, respectively. Five deaths were from liver failure, 1 from a non-liver-related cause. By multivariate analysis, bilirubin (P =.02) and platelet (P =.04) were independent predictors of complication-free survival; bilirubin (P =.05) was the only predictor for overall survival. After controlling for these factors, there was no difference in complication-free or overall survival between the NASH-cirrhosis cohort and either group of HCV-cirrhosis. However, 8 cases of liver cancer occurred in the HCV-cirrhosis groups compared with none among NASH cases. In conclusion, liver failure is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in NASH-associated cirrhosis. The prognosis is either similar or less severe than HCV-cirrhosis, except that HCC appears less common.
Review calls for basic training for healthcare assistants
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

All healthcare assistants in England should undergo basic training before they can care for patients unsupervised, an independent review has concluded.1

The Cavendish review was carried out in the wake of Robert Francis QC’s inquiry into Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust and reports of failings in other hospitals and care homes such as Winterbourne View.2

It says that more than 1.3 million unregistered healthcare assistants and support workers carry out the bulk of hands-on care in hospitals, nursing …
Effects of changes in central venous pressure on upper airway size in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Authors: J W Shepard, D A Pevernagie, A W Stanson, B K Daniels, P F Sheedy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Intraluminal airway pressure and pharyngeal muscle activity are widely recognized as major determinants of the size and collapsibility of the upper airway. In addition, changes in the volume or pressure of tissue surrounding the pharyngeal airway may significantly influence its size. The present study used fast computed tomography (CT) to determine the effects of changes in central venous pressure (CVP) on upper airway size. Ten awake male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were studied. Scans were performed at functional residual capacity (FRC) and at the end of a tidal inspiration (VTei) under three conditions of CVP: (1) at baseline (CVP nl) with patients lying supine; (2) at decreased CVP (CVP-) by inflating blood pressure cuffs to 40 mm Hg on both legs; and (3) at increased CVP (CVP+) by elevating both legs to 33 degrees. At FRC, changes in CVP had no significant effect on either mean or minimum cross-sectional area (CSA) of the upper airway. In contrast, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that alterations in CVP were associated with changes in mean CSA (p = 0.03) and to a lesser extent in minimum CSA (p = 0.07) at VTei. With the legs elevated (CVP+), neither mean nor minimum CSA showed any significant change with tidal breathing. However, after leg-cuff inflation (CVP-), highly significant increases in both mean (163 +/- 22 to 218 +/- 19 mm2, p = 0.001) and minimum (48 +/- 8 to 85 +/- 12 mm2, p = 0.02) CSA were detected. Changes in mean and minimum CSA with tidal breathing at baseline (CVP nl) were intermediate. These results indicate that changes in CVP significantly alter the response of the upper airway to tidal breathing. They further suggest that increases in upper airway size with tidal breathing may be related to reduction in venous blood volume in pharyngeal and neck tissues as the generation of negative intrathoracic pressure during inspiration increases venous return to the chest.
Ultrasonic Sounds and Pancreatic Carcinoma-Reply
Authors: Williamson B. Strum
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The intent of our study was to show that diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma by ultrasonic scanning, like all other diagnostic techniques reported, has no effect on survival. However, ultrasonic scanning was remarkably reliable (abnormal in 24 of 28 patients) in providing a diagnosis. Ultrasonic scanning is considered to be safe, simple, and quite worthwhile. It continues to be the initial study of choice in our institution for patients suspected of having pancreatic cancer, before resorting to computerized tomographic (CT) scanning. Although it may not yet be proved that CT scanning will be more sensitive than ultrasonic scanning in diagnosing pancreatic malignant neoplasms, this is very likely to occur. However, it is somewhat less certain that CT scanning will be able to alter the survival of these patients any more than any other presently available technology. It also remains to be seen whether new programs of chemotherapy and radiotherapy
The American College of Physicians Award Lecture: Oxytocin and Vasopressin, with Special Reference to Their Milk-ejecting Activity in the Human.
Authors: Vincent du Vigneaud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965The American College of Physicians Award Lecture: Oxytocin and Vasopressin, with Special Reference to Their Milk-ejecting Activity in the Human.Vincent du VigneaudVincent du VigneaudSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1074_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe synthesis in our laboratory of the polypeptide hormones, oxytocin and the vasopressins, made it possible to establish unequivocally that the principal uterine-contracting hormone of the posterior pituitary gland is also the principal milk-ejectig hormone. The decisive experiments were carried out with synthetic oxytocin in human patients in collaboration with Prof. R. Gordon Douglas and associates in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center. These combined efforts also led to the transbuccal administration of oxytocin. Synthetic arginine-vasopressin also possesses intrinsic milk-ejecting activity in the human but is about one fifth as potent as oxytocin.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Vincent du VigneaudAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1074-1075KeywordsHormone synthesisObstetrics and gynecologyPeptide hormonesPituitary glandProlactinResearch laboratoriesVasopressin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
The BH3-only mimetic ABT-737 synergizes the antineoplastic activity of proteasome inhibitors in lymphoid malignancies
Authors: Luca Paoluzzi, Mithat Gonen, Govind Bhagat, Richard R. Furman, Jeffrey R. Gardner, Luigi Scotto, Volodia D. Gueorguiev, Mark L. Heaney, Katia Manova, Owen A. O'Connor
Journal: Blood (2008)
Serratia marcescens Endocarditis: Successful Carbenicillin and Gentamicin Treatment
Authors: HABIB O. FARHOUDI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters1 May 1973Serratia marcescens Endocarditis: Successful Carbenicillin and Gentamicin TreatmentHABIB O. FARHOUDI, M.D., TAZEWELL BANKS, M.D., NAYAB ALI, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)HABIB O. FARHOUDI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, TAZEWELL BANKS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, NAYAB ALI, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-776 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Serratia marcescens has only recently been recognized as a potential pathogenic organism (1). Endocarditis caused by this Gram-negative motile rod is rather rare. Only 12 cases have been described so far (2, 3). We wish to report the 13th case and the first one to be treated sucessfully medically with gentamicin and carbenicillin.A 42-year-old heroin addict, who used intravenous and subcutaneous routes of administration, was admitted to D.C. General Hospital because he had malaise, chills, and fever for 2 weeks. There was no history of rheumatic fever or heart disease. Physical examination showed the patient to...References1. CABRERA H: An outbreak of Serratia marcescens, and its control. Arch Intern Med 123:650, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. DENNEYKAYEHAGSTROM JDJ: Endocarditis due to Serratia marcescens. N Engl J Med 276:1362, 1967 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SURISELBYHAWKS RDG: Seratia marcescens endocarditis. A report of a case involving Cross-Jones mitral valve prosthesis, with a review of the literature. Can Med Assoc J 104:1013-1014, 1971 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. DODSON W: Serratia marcescens septicemia. Arch Intern Med 121:145-150, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. DIGOUTMACDONALDVAN ROOYEN GSC: Sensitivity of Serratia to gentamicin and carbenicillin. NS Med Bull 50:79-81, 1971 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Howard University Medical Division D.C. General Hospital Washington, D.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA Case of Mixed Serratia marcescens and Streptococcus mitis Endocarditis and Review of the LiteratureInfective endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria: A review of the literature, 1945–1977Serratia Marcescens in Human AffairsAspects récents des infections à Serratia marcescensSerratia marcescens Endocarditis: A Regional Illness Associated with Intravenous Drug AbuseJOHN MILLS, M.D., DENIS DREW, M.D.First reported successful management of Serratia Marcescens bacteremia after open heart surgery in a childGram-negative bacillary endocarditis 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 776-777KeywordsAddictsCardiovascular therapyEndocarditisFeversHeroinPathogensRheumatic feverRoutes of administrationSerratia marcescens Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Downregulation of specific miRNAs in hyperdiploid multiple myeloma mimics the oncogenic effect of IgH translocations occurring in the non-hyperdiploid subtype
Authors: A Rio-Machin, B I Ferreira, T Henry, G Gómez-López, X Agirre, S Alvarez, S Rodriguez-Perales, F Prosper, M J Calasanz, J Martínez, R Fonseca, J C Cigudosa
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Thiamine Deficiency in Organic Heart Disease
Authors: MICHAEL G. WOHL, CHARLES R. SHUMAN, RICHARD TURNER, JOHN J. FITTIPOLDI
Journal: Circulation (1953)

Since cocarboxylase, derived from thiamine, is necessary for normal utilization of pyruvate by heart muscle, the importance of adequate body stores of thiamine in patients with chronic heart disease is quite obvious. In order to investigate the occurrence of subclinical thiamine deficiency in patients with chronic heart disease, the thiamine was determined in the four-hour specimen of urine after loading dose in 35 male patients with congestive heart failure and compared with thiamine excretion in 17 persons free from cardiac disease. It was found that the noncardiac group had a significantly higher excretion of thiamine after a loading dose than patients with heart disease. Nine patients with severe heart failure receiving mercurial diuretics in the course of treatment were studied using 24-hour urine collections before, during and after the injection of the mercurial. The 24-hour urinary thiamine content was measured, demonstrating significant increases in thiamine excretion with mercurial diuresis.
Abstract 297: Activating transcription factor 4 negatively regulates the mammalian target of rapamycin via Redd1 expression in response to 2-deoxyglucose
Authors: Hyeon-Ok Jin, Seok-Il Hong, In-Chul Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Aerobic glycolysis is one of major metabolic changes found in cancer cells and is a valid target for cancer therapy. The nonmetabolizable glucose analogue, 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) interferes with glucose metabolism and enhances chemotherapy/radiotherapy in cancer cells. We have investigated the mechanism of action by which 2-DG inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity. We found that 2-DG treatment led to decreased mTOR activity which was regulated by induction of Redd1 protein in both lung cancer cells and cervical cancer cells. We also found 2-DG treatment led to increased ATF4 protein expression and transcriptional activity. Suppression of ATF4 using siRNAs led to decrease of 2-DG induced Redd1 expression. Our data suggested that 2-DG induced Redd1 expression is regulated by the ATF4, leading to mTOR inhibition. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 297.
A Case of Aortic Regurgitation from Injury to the Valves during Muscular Effort
Authors: H. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1868)

J. B., a strongly built man of 40, had good health up to the time of this occurrence.About four years and a-half ago he was helping to carry a piano down stairs, when he suddenly felt something give way in his chest, and immediately heard a noise proceeding from it, whicb he compared to that " made by a young frog," and imitated by a sort of croaking.It was audible to those about him as well as to himself, for about nine months, becoming gradually weaker, and at length ceasing.He felt no pain or faintness at the time, and went on with his work as
DEMONSTRATION BY IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE OF THE FIXATION OF PERFUSED ANTIBODY TO HUMAN COLLAGEN IN HUMAN KIDNEY
Authors: Sidney Rothbard, Robert F. Watson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

Rabbit serum containing antibody to human collagen, perfused through human infant kidneys obtained at autopsy, gives an immunofluorescent reaction with an antigen in the basement membranes of the glomeruli and the tubules. This reaction was shown to be specific by the absence of reaction with normal rabbit serum, antibody to carp collagen, or anti-human collagen serum absorbed with human collagen. Slight cross-reactions were found in the human kidneys with antibody to chicken or rat collagen. There was no evidence that a collagen-like protein in human serum or an antigen common to human erythrocytes and renal glomeruli enters into this immunofluorescent reaction. Perfusion of the kidneys with purified collagenase before the introduction of the antibody to human collagen altered the antigen so that antibody could not be demonstrated in the basement membranes by immunofluorescence. Testicular hyaluronidase used in the same way did not affect the immunofluorescent reaction. This method of perfusion provides another means for studying antigens in human organs by immunofluorescence. These observations in human kidneys extend our earlier findings in laboratory animals and indicate that an antigen, collagen, is also present in human renal glomerular and tubular basement membranes.
Scabies in Sheffield: a family infestation.
Authors: R E Church, J Knowelden
Journal: BMJ (1978)

From June 1972 to May 1973 the medical officer of health and general practitioners in Sheffield referred all suspected cases of scabies to the Hallamshire Hospital skin department. Contact tracing, similar to that in VD departments, was carried out by a specially trained state registered nurse. In all, 1482 cases were found in 609 households. This was ten times the number referred to the skin department in 1971. Infestation was introduced to households mainly by schoolchildren and teenagers, especially by girls. The commonest sources were friends and relatives outside the home. Schools did not play an appreciable part in spread. The secondary attack rate in households was 38%. Notification of cases, adequate treatment within the home, and contact tracing are recommended to halt the present epidemic of scabies.
The Death of an Old Professor
Authors: Irma Kerppola-Sirola
Journal: JAMA (1975)

MY FATHER, William Kerppola, MD, never belonged exclusively to me and my family. Thus, it seems fitting to share with my profession the details of his final illness and death. My father lived for a long time—13 years after retiring as a professor of internal medicine at the University of Helsinki at 70 years of age. He had very few of the symptoms that often accompany old age. Only his tendency to a pessimistic view of the world grew stronger with advancing age. His memory and judgment, however, remained sharp until the end, and his interest in new developments in the field of medicine and politics was keen up to the final loss of consciousness. He lived through a severe bout of respiratory infection when he was past the age of 70. At 78, he had a symptomless coronary thrombosis, Finally, after reaching the age of 80, he slowly began
Hormones in the treatment of psychoses.
Authors: W Bujanow
Journal: BMJ (1972)

non-immune rosette formation are the facts that a relatively large proportion of lymphocytes of unimmuniz-d animais participate in the reaction, and that thymocytes are more active than non-thymic lymphocytes.The proportion of human lymphocytes which adhere to sheep red cells is often relatively large in non-immunized human subjects, and human fetal thymocytes are more active than peripheral lymphocytes.9The adherence of non-immunized human lymphocytes to sheep red cells is therefore likely to occur through non-immune rather than immune mechanisms.The adherence probably occurs through fortuitous cross- reactivity of sheep red cells with human lymphocyte surface receptors concerned with an autologous non-immune adherence.-Iam, etc.,
Genetic polymorphisms and the progression of liver fibrosis: A critical appraisal
Authors: Ramón Bataller, Kari E. North, David A. Brenner
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Liver fibrosis is a highly dynamic process in which multiple genes interact with environmental factors. Recent human epidemiologic studies have identified possible polymorphisms in a number of candidate genes that influence the progression of liver fibrosis. These genetic factors could explain the broad spectrum of responses to the same etiologic agent found in patients with chronic liver diseases. Polymorphisms in genes encoding immunoregulatory proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, and fibrogenic factors may influence disease progression in patients with alcohol-induced liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, or chronic hepatitis C. However, some of the studies have yielded contradictory results. For example, conflicting results have been obtained in studies assessing the role of mutations in the hemochromatosis gene on fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Large-scale, well-designed studies are required to clarify the actual role of this factor and other genetic variants in liver fibrosis.
Ethical Standards for Research Biobank Donation
Authors: Edward S. Dove, Barbara Prainsack
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Allergen-induced, eotaxin-rich, proangiogenic bone marrow progenitors: A blood-borne cellular envoy for lung eosinophilia
Authors: Kewal Asosingh, Jodi D. Hanson, Georgiana Cheng, Mark A. Aronica, Serpil C. Erzurum
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Cervical ripening with intravaginal prostaglandin E2 gel.
Authors: I Z MacKenzie, M P Embrey
Journal: BMJ (1977)

We describe a technique of administering prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a viscous cellulose gel into the vagina to ripen the unfavourable cervix in patients requiring induction of labour. A total of 168 primigravidae were studied, of whom 102 received 2 mg PGE2 in 2% gel and 66 received 5 mg PGE2 in 4% gel. In the latter group, the state of the cervix was significantly improved in 58 patients (87.9%), while 32 (48.5%) had started labour before planned induction. There were no maternal or fetal side effects or complications.
Glucocorticosteroid Therapy: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Considerations
Authors: ANTHONY S. FAUCI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

The administration of glucocorticosteroids results in a wide range of effects on inflammatory and immunologically mediated disease processes. Glucocorticosteroids cause neutrophilic leukocytosis together with eosinopenia, monocytopenia, and lymphocytopenia. A principal mechanism whereby corticosteroids suppress inflammation is their impeding the access of neutrophils and monocytes to an inflammatory site. Granulocyte function is relatively refractory, whereas monocyte-macrophage function seems to be particularly sensitive to corticosteroids. Corticosteroid administration causes a transient lymphocytopenia of all detectable lymphocyte subpopulations, particularly the recirculating thymus-derived lymphocyte. The mechanism of this lymphocytopenia is probably a redistribution of circulating cells to other body compartments. There is considerable disagreement about the direct effects of corticosteroid administration on human lymphocyte function. The corticosteroid regimen should be adjusted to attain maximal therapeutic benefit with minimal adverse side effects. Often, alternate-day dosage regimens effectively maintain disease remission with minimization or lack of Cushingoid and infectious complications.