tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 310: The role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2alpha in non-small cell lung carcinoma tumorigenesis
Authors: Ryan T. Nitta, Albert Chu, Siddhartha Mitra, Andrew Godwin, Albert Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are members of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family and have been implicated in tumorigenesis. One isoform in particular, JNK2alpha, has been shown to be frequently activated in primary brain tumors, to enhance several tumorigenic phenotypes, and to increase tumor formation in mice. It was reported that there is frequent activation of JNK in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the role of the JNK2alpha isoform in NSCLC formation by examining its expression in primary tumors and by modulating its expression in cultured cell lines. We discovered 70% of the tested primary NSCLC tumors had 2 to 3-fold higher JNK2alpha protein and mRNA expression compared to normal lung tissue indicating a possible role of JNK2alpha in NSCLC tumorigenesis. To determine the importance of JNK2alpha in NSCLC progression, we reduced JNK2α in multiple NSCLC cell lines using short hairpin RNA. Cell lines deficient in JNK2alpha had decreased cellular growth and anchorage-independent growth, and the tumors were 4-fold smaller in mass. To elucidate the mechanism by which JNK2alpha induces NSCLC growth, we analyzed the JNK substrate, STAT3. Our data show that JNK2alpha can regulate the transcriptional activity of STAT3 by phosphorylating the Ser727 residue of STAT3 thereby regulating expression of oncogenic genes, such as c-Myc protein. Our studies revealed a novel mechanism in which phosphorylation of STAT3 is mediated by a constitutively active JNK2 isoform, JNK2alpha. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 310.
US doctors sue over "unfair" scheme for finding jobs for medical graduates
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Three US doctors have filed a lawsuit calling for changes in the 50 year old system that determines where medical school graduates spend their residencies. They claim that the present system is monopolistic and anticompetitive and results in residents working long hours for artificially depressed pay.

The lawsuit asks for class action status, which if granted would put the number of plaintiffs at more than 200 000. It names as defendants the National Residency Matching Program and the medical organisations and hospitals that support it. Michael Freed, a Chicago attorney who supports the case, …
Usefulness of systolic time intervals in the identification of abnormal ventriculo‐arterial coupling in stable heart failure patients*
Authors: Hao‐Min Cheng, Wen‐Chung Yu, Shih‐Hsien Sung, Kang‐Ling Wang, Shao‐Yuan Chuang, Chen‐Huan Chen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
Systemic Mast-Cell Disease (Mastocytosis)
Authors: Lars M Asmis, Christophe Girardet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Figure 1. A 71-year-old man presented with hepatosplenomegaly and multiple macular, hyperpigmented, nonpruritic skin lesions on the trunk, legs, and arms (Panel A). The hemoglobin level was 9.1 g per deciliter, the platelet count was 112,000 per cubic millimeter, and the white-cell count was 36,200 per cubic millimeter, with monocytosis, lymphopenia, 16 percent myelocytes, and 3 percent blasts. A bone marrow biopsy revealed findings consistent with the presence of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, fibrosis, osteosclerosis, and increased numbers of mastocytes, but not of blasts. There were numerous mastocytes, including spindle-cell forms (arrow in Panel B; Giemsa stain, ×40), and multiple extracellular . . .
New Alternatives in the N.H.S
Authors: H. A. F. Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1974)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The COVID-19 pandemic has led to six million confirmed cases by May 31, 2020. Impacts of regional weather and climate on epidemics have been investigated but need further study with new methods. We combined the number of monthly confirmed new cases and death with month, latitude, temperature, humidity, rainfall, and sunshine ultraviolet (UV) to explore the climate impact on epidemics in 116 countries and territories with at least 1000 confirmed cases. Correlation and regression analyses were performed with Stata. Humid subtropical climate regions had the most confirmed COVID-19 cases (24.4%). The case mortality in temperate marine regions was the highest (11.6%). Case-weighted means of the latitude, monthly maximum temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and sunshine UV were 36.7 degrees, 20.5°C, 63%, 63mm, and 53.5, respectively. The case mortality was 7.44% in cold regions but only 4.68% in hot regions, 7.14% in rainy regions but only 3.86% in rainless regions, and 7.40% in cloudy regions but only 4.64% in sunny regions. Monthly confirmed cases increase as the temperature, rainfall, and sunshine UV rise in cold regions (r=0.34, 0.26, 0.26, respectively), but no correlation in hot regions. Every 1°C increase in monthly maximum temperature leads to an increase in the natural logarithm of monthly confirmed new cases by 2.4% in cold regions. Monthly confirmed cases increase as the temperature, rainfall, and sunshine UV rise in arid regions (r=0.29, 0.28, 0.26, respectively), but no correlation in humid regions. Monthly confirmed new cases increase as the temperature and sunshine UV rise in rainy regions (r=0.30, 0.29), but no correlation in rainless regions. Monthly confirmed new deaths increase as the temperature and sunshine UV rise in cloudy regions (r=0.30, 0.30), but no correlation in sunny regions. It is wise to escape from an epicenter full of miasma to a hot sunny place in dry season without pollution. As peaking in the spring depends on the climate, the peak will go in the summer.
The Crystal Structures of Kbm1 and Kbm8 Reveal that Subtle Changes in the Peptide Environment Impact Thermostability and Alloreactivity
Authors: Markus G. Rudolph, Jeffrey A. Speir, Anders Brunmark, Niklas Mattsson, Michael R. Jackson, Per A. Peterson, Luc Teyton, Ian A. Wilson
Journal: Immunity (2001)
"CERTAIN ELECTRICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC METHODS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF A NEUROPSYCHIATRIST"
Authors: C. B. Pinkham
Journal: JAMA (1924)

To the Editor:  —Dr. Thomas J. Orbison, in referring to the personnel of the men who are practicing the Abrams method (The Journal, Dec. 15, 1923, p. 2057), says: Some that I saw are 'hacks' and some are 'quacks,' but the terrible fact remains that all have certificates to practice the healing art in the state of California, and some of them in other states. This statement of Dr. Orbison may mislead; information has come to us of several instances in which individuals are alleged to have been students of Dr. Abrams' electronic methods who hold no form of certificate entitling them to practice any system of the healing art in the state of California. We are informed that the larger majority of the doctors pursuing the course of electronic methods under Dr. Abrams come from other states, with a goodly sprinkling from foreign countries.
Alteration in Energetics in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yoshihiko Hayashi, Motoshi Takeuchi, Hideyuki Takaoka, Katsuya Hata, Masuki Mori, Mitsuhiro Yokoyama
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Although the use of inotropic agents to treat congestive heart failure (CHF) in patients with coronary artery disease has yielded short-term hemodynamic improvement, long-term mortality has shown less improvement. The loss of cardiac muscle as a result of infarction not only decreases the pumping ability of the heart but also leads to some dramatic changes in myocardial energetics. However, little is known about the mechanoenergetics of the heart in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Methods and Results The present study was designed to compare, by means of the V̇ o 2 -pressure-volume area relation (PVA, a measure of total mechanical energy) and E max (LV contractility index), the incremental oxygen cost of contractility measured as nonmechanical energy per unit increment in contractility in patients with various kinds of LV dysfunction. We assessed E max , V̇ o 2 , and PVA using conductance and Webster catheters under control conditions and during different rates of dobutamine infusion (3 and 6 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 ) in 30 patients with coronary artery disease. Patients were divided into three groups according to LV ejection fraction (EF): 10 without LV dysfunction (EF ≥60%), 10 with mild LV dysfunction (40%≤EF&lt;60%), and 10 with severe LV dysfunction (EF &lt;40%). Under control conditions, the V̇ o 2 -PVA relation was linear in each group. Contractile efficiency, the reciprocal of the slope of this relation, was comparable among the three groups. The oxygen cost of contractility in the severe LV dysfunction group was significantly greater than in the groups without and with mild LV dysfunction (0.022±0.014 versus 0.005±0.002 and 0.0012±0.005 mL O 2 · mL · mm Hg −1 per beat, P &lt;.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that the alteration in mechanoenergetics in patients with severe LV dysfunction after myocardial infarction may result from the increased oxygen cost of excitation-contraction coupling rather than from a reduction in the efficiency of chemomechanical energy transduction.
Cell-mediated immunity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A A Andrianakos, J T Sharp, D A Person, M D Lidsky, J Duffy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

Cell-mediated immunity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was assessed by skin testing with six antigens in 107 patients, 94 of whom were age, sex, and race-matched with healthy individuals or patients with diseases unrelated to immunological abnormalities. 20% of RA patients were anergic. Impaired cell-mediated immunity in the RA patients was manifested by a decrease in the magnitude of skin reactivity as well as a decrease in the incidence of positive reactions to multiple antigens. Depression in cell-mediated immunity was related to age but not to sex, duration of disease, or disease activity. A slight correlation was found between absolute peripheral lymphocyte counts and the number of positive skin tests, and was confirmed by finding an association between lymphocyte counts and the size of skin reactions. A correlation was also found between lymphocyte counts and disease activity. Four explanations of the observed depression in cell-mediated immunity in RA were considered: (1) a preoccupation of the immune mechanism of the host with cell-mediated immunity reactions related to the pathogenesis of the disease; (2) a depression of cell-mediated immune reactivity by a virus infection; (3) depression of cell-mediated immunity by therapy; and (4) immune complex suppression of cell-mediated immunity. No effect of gold therapy was found. The near universal use of salicylates or other anti-inflammatory drugs did not permit investigation of the effect of these drugs on cell-mediated immunity.
RECOGNITION OF TEMPERAMENT: A FACTOR TO THE SELECTION OF REMEDIES AND THEIR DOSAGE IN DISEASE.
Authors: J. E. MOSES
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Temperament may be defined as that quality, made manifest by the physical and mental characteristics of man. There are four distinct types of temperament: The nervous, the sanguine, the bilious, and the lymphatic. To these I will apply the term primary, because they are the base of all the combinations or compounds met with in the majority of people. A pure type of any one temperament is not often found, and when it is the characteristics are very marked. For the purpose of my paper it is necessary that I describe each temperament separately, and then take up the various compounds as they present themselves. Before taking up this description, I would state that I shall differ from all the authors that I have been able to consult, in that I shall consider, not only the skin, the eyes, the hair, and the contour of the face as they do;
High frequency of PTEN, PI3K, and AKT abnormalities in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Alejandro Gutierrez, Takaomi Sanda, Ruta Grebliunaite, Arkaitz Carracedo, Leonardo Salmena, Yebin Ahn, Suzanne Dahlberg, Donna Neuberg, Lisa A. Moreau, Stuart S. Winter, Richard Larson, Jianhua Zhang, Alexei Protopopov, Lynda Chin, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Lewis B. Silverman, Stephen P. Hunger, Stephen E. Sallan, A. Thomas Look
Journal: Blood (2009)
Morphological Change Caused by Loss of the Taxon-Specific Polyalanine Tract in Hoxd-13
Authors: K. Anan, N. Yoshida, Y. Kataoka, M. Sato, H. Ichise, M. Nasu, S. Ueda
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

Sequence comparison of Hoxd-13 among vertebrates revealed the presence of taxon-specific polyalanine tracts in amniotes. To investigate their function at the organismal level, we replaced the wild-type Hoxd-13 gene with one lacking the 15-residue polyalanine tract by using homologous recombination. Sesamoid bone formation in knock-in mice was different from that in the wild type; this was observed not only in the homozygotes but also in the heterozygotes. The present study provides the first direct evidence that taxon-specific homopolymeric amino acid repeats are involved in phenotypic diversification at the organismal level.
Outbreak of hepatitis A in the USA associated with frozen pomegranate arils imported from Turkey: an epidemiological case study
Authors: Melissa G Collier, Yury E Khudyakov, David Selvage, Meg Adams-Cameron, Erin Epson, Alicia Cronquist, Rachel H Jervis, Katherine Lamba, Akiko C Kimura, Rick Sowadsky, Rashida Hassan, Sarah Y Park, Eric Garza, Aleisha J Elliott, David S Rotstein, Jennifer Beal, Thomas Kuntz, Susan E Lance, Rebecca Dreisch, Matthew E Wise, Noele P Nelson, Anil Suryaprasad, Jan Drobeniuc, Scott D Holmberg, Fujie Xu
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2014)
Molecular analysis of gastric cancer identifies subtypes associated with distinct clinical outcomes
Authors: Razvan Cristescu, Jeeyun Lee, Michael Nebozhyn, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Jason C Ting, Swee Seong Wong, Jiangang Liu, Yong Gang Yue, Jian Wang, Kun Yu, Xiang S Ye, In-Gu Do, Shawn Liu, Lara Gong, Jake Fu, Jason Gang Jin, Min Gew Choi, Tae Sung Sohn, Joon Ho Lee, Jae Moon Bae, Seung Tae Kim, Se Hoon Park, Insuk Sohn, Sin-Ho Jung, Patrick Tan, Ronghua Chen, James Hardwick, Won Ki Kang, Mark Ayers, Dai Hongyue, Christoph Reinhard, Andrey Loboda, Sung Kim, Amit Aggarwal
Journal: Nature Medicine (2015)
Possible Quinidine-Induced Hemorrhage in a Patient on Warfarin Sodium
Authors: Alan B. Gazzaniga, David R. Stewart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

AN increasing number of drugs interact with warfarin sodium to alter the plasma prothrombin-complex content.1 2 3 4 Recently, Koch-Weser5 suggested that in some patients quinidine sulfate acts synergistically with warfarin to prolong the plasma prothrombin time.Case ReportA 48-year-old man was admitted to the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in November, 1967, for aortic-valve replacement. In the previous August a diagnosis of aortic stenosis and coronary-artery disease was made, and quinidine, 200 mg by mouth 3 times daily, was given for premature atrial contractions. There was no history of liver disorder. Physical examination showed a murmur consistent with aortic stenosis.Urinalysis, complete . . .
Unusual Uptake on Gallium-67 Imaging in Organizing Pneumonia
Authors: Takahide Kodama, Hiroaki Satoh, Kiyohisa Sekizawa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Gallium-67 imaging has been used not only as an aid in the evaluation of disease activity, but also to estimate the response to treatment with corticosteroids. The authors described a successfully treated organizing pneumonia with unusual intense Ga-67 citrate uptake. A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with a 6-month history of cough. A Ga-67 scan showed unusually intense uptake in the right lung. Transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens revealed organizing pneumonia with no evidence of bacterial colonization. Soon after receiving intravenous methylprednisolone for 3 days, the consolidation rapidly shrunk, and Ga-67 uptake improved.
Chronic idiopathic urticaria with functional autoantibodies: 12 years on
Authors: R.A. Sabroe, M.W. Greaves
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

It is now recognized that approximately one‐third of patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) have histamine‐releasing autoantibodies directed against either the high‐affinity IgE receptor or, less frequently, against IgE. However, there are several unsolved problems relating to the role of such autoantibodies in the disease. Additionally, it is not clear whether CIU with autoantibodies can be classified as an autoimmune disease. The detection of patients with autoantibodies also poses challenges. Firstly, the only in vivo method, the autologous serum skin test, is at best 80% sensitive and specific using in vitro basophil histamine release assays as the verum. Secondly, in vitro tests are only done in a small number of research laboratories, and are not widely commercially available, and thirdly, there is some divergence between results obtained by different methods (functional and immunoassays) used to detect patients with autoantibodies. The presence of autoantibodies may be important clinically in a small group of severely affected, treatment‐resistant patients, where immunomodulatory treatments may be helpful.
A case of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease respondong to treatment with azathioprine.
Authors: J E Sanderson, S G Spiro, A T Hendry, M Turner-Warwick
Journal: Thorax (1977)

Histological features of a lung biopsy specimen from a 46-year-old woman showed all the characteristics described in veno-occlusive disease. The clinical features, however, were distinctive in that in addition to the lung involvement there was alopecia, digital vasculitic ulcers, Raynaud's phenomenon, polyarthritis, and muscle weakness. Treatment with azathioprine resulted in a progressive improvement in her condition. It is suggested that pulmonary small vein occlusion may occur as a pattern of tissue response in more than one situation and that is sometimes more amenable to therapy than has been previously reported.
The American Expatriate in South Viet Nam
Authors: JOHN A. TALBOTT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The author presents case histories of American civilians in South Viet Nam who came to psychiatric attention. Of interest were the patients' frequent past histories of psychiatric illness and their sense of failure elsewhere. The author discusses the high incidence of psychosis, alcoholism, and psychopathic behavior in this population and elucidates some of the motivations of civilians who go to Viet Nam.
Thirty Years After Isoniazid
Authors: Katharine H. K. Hsu
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This is the final report of 30 years of observation of isoniazid prophylaxis and chemotherapy of tuberculosis in children. It includes 2,494 patients who completed a course of prescribed therapy in Houston and who had been under observation for a total of 15,943 person-years. The effectiveness of isoniazid prophylaxis was best demonstrated in those children infected before 4 years of age, because none of them have experienced overt disease. Chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis was effective for existing disease in all ages and prevented dissemination. Of those treated for pulmonary tuberculosis during childhood, the striking absence of adolescent reactivation points to the likelihood of a permanent cure. Adequate drug therapy is the key to successful treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:1283-1285)
The Need for Genetically Engineering Therapeutic Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Michel Sadelain
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

The advent of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology, pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka, is poised to have a major impact in biology and medicine. Human iPS cells will probably be useful for disease modeling, drug screening, and, perhaps, cell-based therapies. Although the potential clinical applications are still remote, it is timely to reflect on how iPS cell progeny may be introduced in the clinic. The field of gene therapy has much to offer for the development of iPS cell-based therapies.
Aortic valve replacement with unsupported fascia lata
Authors: K. Hearn, J. Somerville, R. Sutton, J. Wright, D. Ross
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Hearn, K., Somerville, Jane, Sutton, R., Wright, J., and Ross, D. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 603-607. <b>Aortic valve replacement with unsupported fascia lata.</b> Twenty-five patients in the National Heart Hospital have had aortic valve replacement with unsupported autologous fascia lata and have been followed for two to three and a half years. Three patients died before leaving hospital. Nine of the 22 survivors required re-operation for severe aortic regurgitation and the other 13 developed aortic incompetence. In 11, regurgitation dated from the operation and progressed; and in 11 it appeared later and progressed. In view of the disappointing results which were obvious within six months unsupported autologous fascia lata valves have not been used for aortic valve replacement since December 1970.
CCAAT/enhancing binding protein β deletion in mice attenuates inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipid accumulation in diet‐induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis†
Authors: Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman, Jill M. Schroeder‐Gloeckler, Rachel C. Janssen, Hua Jiang, Ishtiaq Qadri, Kenneth N. Maclean, Jacob E. Friedman
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. To investigate whether the transcription factor CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein (C/EBPbeta) is involved in the development of NASH, C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) or C/EBPbeta knockout (C/EBPbeta-/-) mice were fed either a methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet or standard chow. These WT mice fed a MCD diet for 4 weeks showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in liver C/EBPbeta messenger RNA and protein, along with increased expression of lipogenic genes peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma and Fas. WT mice also showed increased levels of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway proteins phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor alpha, phosphorylated pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase, and C/EBP homologous protein, along with inflammatory markers phosphorylated nuclear factor kappaB and phosphorylated C-jun N-terminal kinase compared to chow-fed controls. Cytochrome P450 2E1 protein and acetyl coA oxidase messenger RNA involved in hepatic lipid peroxidation were also markedly increased in WT MCD diet-fed group. In contrast, C/EBPbeta-/- mice fed a MCD diet showed a 60% reduction in hepatic triglyceride accumulation and decreased liver injury as evidenced by reduced serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and by H&E staining. Immunoblots and real-time qPCR data revealed a significant reduction in expression of stress related proteins and lipogenic genes in MCD diet-fed C/EBPbeta-/- mice. Furthermore, circulating TNFalpha and expression of acute phase response proteins CRP and SAP were significantly lower in C/EBPbeta-/- mice compared to WT mice. Conversely, C/EBPbeta over-expression in livers of WT mice increased steatosis, nuclear factor-kappaB, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, similar to MCD diet-fed mice. Taken together, these data suggest a previously unappreciated molecular link between C/EBPbeta, hepatic steatosis and inflammation and suggest that increased C/EBPbeta expression may be an important factor underlying events leading to NASH.