tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phylogeny of Primary Photosynthetic Eukaryotes as Deduced from Slowly Evolving Nuclear Genes
Authors: Hisayoshi Nozaki, Mineo Iseki, Masami Hasegawa, Kazuharu Misawa, Takashi Nakada, Narie Sasaki, Masakatsu Watanabe
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

*Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Hayama Center for Advanced Studies, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Kanagawa, Japan; The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan; §Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; and kDepartment of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, School of Advanced Sciences, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Kanagawa, Japan
RAPID AND COST EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS IN THE NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS AT A LARGE DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL LEAD TO SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE AND PATIENT CARE
Authors: D J Tate, C Black, C Hollywood
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> We anecdotally observed a lack of good practice amongst healthcare staff in identifying and managing patients at risk of nutritional deficiency admitted to the Gloucestershire Royal Hospital. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> We aimed to assess the compliance with NICE guidelines regarding MUST (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool) scoring of patients as well as the action that was taken as a result of these scores. Through the use of targeted, rapid interventions including staff education, streamlined documentation and creation of a nutrition team we sought to improve the management of these patients. <h3>Method</h3> A snapshot case note audit of the patients on a 28 bedded gastroenterology ward was undertaken in November 2012. This showed poor rates of MUST scoring, few dietetic referrals and long duration from referral to review, and inappropriate diet provided to patients with complex nutritional needs e.g. liver disease. In response, we created a nutrition learning tool for the nursing staff and junior doctors highlighting the importance of screening, the nuances of nutritional management of liver patients and the benefits of good nutritional management in terms of recovery from illness and length of stay. We created an action plan with the nursing staff to improve compliance with MUST scoring and we further raised awareness by presenting our findings at a grand round meeting. We created a diet sheet to educate staff about nutrition in liver disease and created a patient information leaflet. We then reaudited in January 2013. <h3>Results</h3> 28 patients were assessed on initial audit; only 36% had an admission MUST screen completed and of these 60% were deemed medium or high risk of malnutrition. Only 2/3 of these patients had a management plan to improve nutrition documented in the notes. Referral to a dietician of eligible patients was often delayed. There were 3 patients with a BMI of less than 18 who had not had their MUST screening completed. A significant improvement in these indices was noted on reaudit in January 2013. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have demonstrated that rapid, cheap interventions can make a major difference to the management of patients with nutritional deficiency. Our next step is to roll-out our approach across the hospital whilst maintaining the improvements we have seen. To this end we plan to take the data forward to the trust board in an attempt to secure funding for extra specialist nurse presence in nutrition and extra PAs in consultant job plans to create a nutrition team for the hospital. With the NHS being under financial pressure currently, cheap and rapid improvement projects such as this will be important in driving service development.
THE DELIVERY OF DEBILITATED WOMEN, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INTEREST OF THE CHILD.
Authors: EDWARD P. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

No statement is more true than the old remark that natural labor is a spontaneous and successful process which prohibits interference. The universal application of this remark to obstetric practice without discrimination has cost the lives of many mothers and children. If there had been added to the foregoing sentence the phrase "in anatomically and physiologically perfect individuals," the statement would have remained unchallenged. Pathologic conditions, inherited or acquired, and largely the products of modern life, have made a perfectly natural labor a rare occurrence, because anatomically and physiologically perfect individuals seldom exist. We recognize in obstetric pathology certain abnormalities easily diagnosticated, and therefore not especially dangerous for the patient; such, for example, is a highly contracted pelvis, especially if accompanied by manifest deformity in other portions of the skeleton. The presence of a large abdominal or pelvic tumor complicating pregnancy draws attention to the impossibility of spontaneous labor. A
Convulsion and coma after intranasal desmopressin in cystic fibrosis.
Authors: E. J. Simmonds, M. J. Mahony, J. M. Little
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Our patient had no features of phenytoin toxicity despite a concentration of 31-3 mg/I.After starting tolbutamide the phenytoin concentration decreased to 27-4 mg/I.The total concentration was measured, not the free level.Neither the Committee on Safety of Medicines nor the manufacturer knows of any other cases of phenytoin toxicity produced by tolbutamide.
Tolerance to the anti-seborrhoeic effect of topically applied progesterone
Authors: N.B. Simpson, P.E. Bowden, W.J. Cunliffe, R.A. Forster
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Tolerance to the anti‐seborrhoeic effect of topically applied progesterone Get access N.B. Simpson, N.B. Simpson Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.E. Bowden, P.E. Bowden Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. Cunliffe, W.J. Cunliffe Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Forster R.A. Forster Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue s16, 1 December 1978, Page 9, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb15200.x Published: 01 December 1978
Prognostic Impact of Standardized Uptake Value of F-18 FDG PET/CT in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Winnie K. S. Chan, Dora Lai-Wan Kwong, David W. C. Yeung, Bingsheng Huang, Pek-Lan Khong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Purpose: We evaluated the use of metabolic parameters of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) for the assessment of the primary tumor and nodal metastasis in predicting survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. Materials and Methods: The F-18 FDG PET/CT (computed tomography) scans of 46 consecutive newly diagnosed NPC patients were retrospectively reviewed. Maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) corrected for lean body mass of primary tumor (pSUVmax) and highest SUVmax of cervical lymph nodes (nSUVmax) were recorded. The association of FDG uptake and 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) was examined. Results: Significantly better DFS was found in patients with pSUVmax <7.5 and nSUVmax <6.5 (P = 0.042 and P = 0.019, respectively). In multivariate analysis, both pSUVmax and nSUVmax were significant independent predictors of DFS. Conclusions: The SUVmax of the primary tumor and nodal metastasis are useful parameters for predicting DFS in NPC patients.
Normal Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy Syndrome
Authors: Karim Farid, Wassilios G. Meissner, Alexandra Samier-Foubert, Olivier Barret, Patrice Menegon, François Rouanet, Philippe Fernandez, Jean Marc Orgogozo, Michèle Allard, François Tison, Igor Sibon
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare complication of cranial irradiation. Radiation is well-known to impair vascular vessel architecture and function. We investigated the hypothesis of radiation-induced cerebral vascular reserve dysfunction as the underlying mechanism of SMART. Interictal cerebrovascular reactivity was investigated using Tc-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime-SPECT and acetazolamide challenge in 3 patients. We found interictal hypoperfusion and normal cerebrovascular reactivity in all patients. Neither ictal restriction of the apparent diffusion coefficient nor MR angiography abnormalities were observed. These findings do not support a vascular mechanism in SMART syndrome. Postradiation neuronal dysfunction may be the underlying mechanism. Further investigations on larger series are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
The Closing of Shasta General Hospital
Authors: Perry A. Pugno
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Bindman et al<sup>1</sup>contend that the closure of a public hospital negatively affects the health care status of the poor. Those involved in the closing of Shasta General Hospital agree with their conclusion but object to how they got there and how they express it. The question arises as to why the authors neglected to communicate with the following informed sources: Shasta General Hospital's former medical director, Redding (Calif) hospital administrators, the county administrative officer, the county health officer, or the county medical society. If they had made such efforts, they would have acquired some important facts. Virtually all Shasta General inpatients were cared for by house staff of the Shasta-Cascade Family Practice Residency, a program affiliated with the University of California at Davis. As Shasta General Hospital closed, Mercy Medical Center assumed sponsorship of the residency, anxious to preserve it as an access point for
Subcostal two-dimensional echocardiographic imaging of peripheral right coronary artery in Kawasaki disease.
Authors: H Yoshida, T Maeda, T Funabashi, S Nakaya, S Takabatake, N Taniguchi
Journal: Circulation (1982)

A new two-dimensional echocardiographic technique was developed to detect peripheral right coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease. Because the main stem of the right coronary artery runs along the tricuspid valve ring and the posterior interventricular groove, these regions were examined for coronary aneurysms using the subcostal approach. Of 52 patients with Kawasaki disease, 14 right coronary aneurysms were visualized in eight patients. Most of the coronary aneurysms were elicited as circular or oval echo-free spaces on the right side of the right ventricle or at the area around the tricuspid valve ring. These echocardiographic features coincided well in size, shape and anatomic position with angiographic appearances. The subcostal approach could not image the normal coronary artery. In three patients whose echocardiograms showed no abnormal echo-free space, the angiographic studies proved that the right coronary arteries were intact. These results suggest that this echocardiographic technique is useful for detecting peripheral right coronary aneurysms in patients with Kawasaki disease.
The urokinase receptor (CD87) facilitates CD11b/CD18-mediated adhesion of human monocytes.
Authors: R G Sitrin, R F Todd, E Albrecht, M R Gyetko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Urokinase receptors (uPAR; CD87) from complexes with complement receptor 3 (CR3) (CD11b/CD18), a beta2 integrin. In this study, we sought to determine if this association modulates the adhesive function of CR3. Both CR3 and uPAR concentrate at the ventral surface of fibrinogen-adherent human monocytes, and CR3-uPAR coupling increases substantially upon adhesion to fibrinogen. Pretreatment with anti-uPAR monoclonal antibody reduced adhesion to CR3 counterligands (fibrinogen and keyhole limpet hemocyanin) by 50%, but did not affect adhesion to fibronectin, a beta1 integrin counterligand. Antisense (AS) oligonucleotides were used to determine if selectively suppressing uPAR expression also modulates CR3 adhesive function. AS-uPAR oligo reduced CR3-dependent adhesion by 43+/-9% (P<0.01), but did not affect CR3-independent adhesion. To determine if the effects of uPAR are mediated through its ligand, monocytes were pre-treated with AS oligo to block uPA expression. Unlike the effects of blocking uPAR expression, AS-uPA oligo increased adhesion by 46% (P<0.005), and exogenous intact uPA, but not uPA fragments, reversed this effect. We conclude that complex formation with uPAR facilitates the adhesive functions of CR3. This function of uPAR is not dependent upon its occupancy with uPA, which negatively influences adhesion.
Twain: Differences of Opinion on the Worthiest of All Occupations
Authors: K. Patrick Ober
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 July 1997Twain: Differences of Opinion on the Worthiest of All OccupationsK. Patrick Ober, MDK. Patrick Ober, MDBowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University; Winston-Salem, NC 27157Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I appreciate Dr. Golden's comments and have no serious disagreement with any of them. Some of Twain's statements about 19th century medicine were almost certainly exaggerations, and he would have been the first to admit that he was not above embellishing the facts to help make his point. However, other sources cited in my paper would tend to confirm that 19th century medicine for the average citizen was largely as Twain reported it.Medical advances did indeed occur in the 1800s, but stagnation also occurred in the sense that these improvements were not readily translated into benefit for ...References1. Twain M. A majestic literary fossil. In: Neider C, ed. The Complete Humorous Sketches and Tales of Mark Twain. Garden City. NY: Doubleday; 1961:532-42. Google Scholar2. Osler W. The Principles and Practice of Medicine: New York: D. Appleton; 1892:530. Google Scholar3. Friendlander WJ. Mark Twain, social critic, and his image of the doctor. Ann Intern Med. 1972; 77:1007-10. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: K. Patrick Ober, MDAffiliations: Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University; Winston-Salem, NC 27157 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 2Page: 171-172KeywordsCrimeEvidence based medicineHeadachesPhlebotomyPneumoniaStatistical dataSurgeons ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
More Children on CNS Drugs
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evaluation of cancer prevention strategies by computerized simulation model: methodological issues.
Authors: N Yamaguchi, Y Tamura, T Sobue, S Akiba, M Ohtaki, Y Baba, S Mizuno, S Watanabe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

A computerized simulation model developed to evaluate the potential impact of primary and secondary prevention is discussed from methodologic perspectives. In the simulation model, named CANSAVE (Cancer Strategy Analysis and Validation of Effect), the natural history of cancer was modeled as a Markovian stochastic process from cancer-free state to death. The lung cancer death rate among Japanese males was projected for 50 years to the year 2041. The simulation showed that the age-adjusted death rate would increase and reach a peak of 166 per 100,000 in 1989 and then decrease to 148 in 2003. It then shows a tendency to increase again, up to 255 in 2028. This change may be attributed to a lower smoking initiation rate among those born in the 1930s. Promotion of mass screening programs exhibits a more prompt effect than antismoking efforts, but the reduction in annual deaths is expected to be only 11%, even if a 100% participation is realized by the year 2000. The reduction in smoking initiation rate, on the other hand, begins to show a visible effect very slowly. It was predicted that a 1% annual reduction in smoking initiation rate would result in a 20% decrease in the number of deaths in 2041. The smoking cessation program is in the middle with regard to promptness. The predicted reductions in lung cancer deaths in 2041 were 13, 47, and 66%, respectively, when the annual smoking cessation rate was increased from 0.46% (present status) to 1, 3, and 5%. The combined application of all three preventive measures seems essential to realize the most effective reduction in lung cancer deaths.
Who are older adults? Demographics and major health problems
Authors: Shelley A. Sternberg, Michael Gordon
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (1998)

The care of older patients is a challenging and often rewarding experience. Elderly people can be helped to fulfill their needs and realize their goals with a sensitive and comprehensive evaluation, a positive and supportive attitude and an emphasis on illness rather than disease. Health care providers can contribute greatly to improved function and enhanced quality of life through an understanding of and respect for the individual qualities and aspirations of their older patients.
DEATH DURING CHLOROFORM ADMINISTRATION.Read before the Medico-Legal Society of Chicago, Dec. 6, 1890.
Authors: C. T. PARKES
Journal: JAMA (1891)

The case which I desire to report to-night is rather a notorious one, and I have concluded to report it at the request of the President, without preparation, because it is of great interest to the profession, and because I am quite sure there is no one who will better remember the circumstances attending the case or who will be less likely to forget them. It is a case of death which resulted in a child under the influence of chloroform during the month of November last. These cases are always doubly unfortunate. They are unfortunate in the first place, and beyond all other reasons, on account of the death of the individual, and the terrible news which is so suddenly brought to the bereaved friends. They are unfortunate because they remind the profession of the fact, which cannot be disproved, that physicians have not found an absolutely safe anæsthetic.
Donors without a Heartbeat
Authors: J. Michael Cecka
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Kidney transplantation offers patients with end-stage renal disease a significant survival advantage as compared with dialysis.1,2 Despite the success of kidney transplantation, however, fewer than 9000 cadaveric kidneys are transplanted each year in the United States, according to statistics from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS).3 This is not due to an absence of need; more than 50,000 patients are waiting for a kidney transplant. Rather, it is due to the limited number of suitable kidneys that become available each year. UNOS estimates that about 2800 patients died during the year 2000 — an average of more than . . .
Use of laboratory tests for immune biomarkers in environmental health studies concerned with exposure to indoor air pollutants.
Authors: R F Vogt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The immune system is likely to be involved in some of the health effects caused by certain indoor air exposures, and immune biomarkers can help determine which exposures and health effects have important immune components. However, the lack of standardized laboratory tests for most human immune markers and the many confounding variables that can influence them makes interpretation of results for exposure and disease end points uncertain. This paper presents an overview of the immune system and the considerations involved in using tests for immune markers in clinical epidemiology studies, particularly those concerned with indoor air exposures. Careful study design, well-characterized laboratory methods, and rigorous documentation of exposure status are required to determine the predictive value of such tests. Clinical tests currently available for some immune markers could help identify and characterize both irritative and hypersensitivity reactions to indoor air pollutants. Newer tests developed in research settings might provide more incisive indicators of immune status that could help identify exposure, susceptibility, or preclinical disease states, but their methodologies must be refined and tested in multicenter studies before they can be used reliably in public health applications.
Notes of a Soviet Doctor
Authors: William B. Bean
Journal: JAMA (1960)

We would all welcome a free exchange of information and friendly visits between physicians in this country and in Russia, where for the first time in modern history a substantial body of physicians has no professional organization of their own.  Russian medical schools in the modern sense began not much more than 100 years ago. Among many distinguished Russian medical scientists, the most notable was Pavlov. For a long time he vigorously opposed Communistic doctrines. Not only was he not molested by the state: he was given a fabulous institute. He was Exhibit A, Peck's bad boy, but too important to liquidate. In his old age, while he was still productive, he worked out a suitablemodus operandiwith the Soviets, acting on the canine principle that it is unwise to bite the feeding hand.  The physician who reads only English who has readThe Chinese Medical Journalduring the
The Generic Inequivalence of Drugs
Authors: Alan B. Varley
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Generic equivalence of drugs is a semantically muddled concept. To be meaningful, the criteria for equivalence must be stated. In this simple study, two different formulations of tolbutamide, both generically equivalent in terms of chemical content and specifications of the United States Pharmacopoeia , were found to be clearly not equivalent as measured by availability of drug to the patient (serum drug levels) or therapeutic efficacy (hypoglycemic response). Clarity in pronouncements on this subject should be established so that confusion in terminology and meaning does not lead to generic inequivalence of therapeutic response.