tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prostacyclin modulates cholesteryl ester hydrolytic activity by its effect on cyclic adenosine monophosphate in rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells.
Authors: D P Hajjar, B B Weksler, D J Falcone, J M Hefton, K Tack-Goldman, C R Minick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We tested the hypothesis that prostacyclin (PGI2), 6-keto-prostaglandinF1 alpha(6-keto-PGF1 alpha), and several E series prostaglandins (PG) may affect the activity of cholesteryl ester (CE) hydrolase since our previous experiments indicated that smooth muscle cells (SMC) in neointima of injured rabbit aorta (a) acquire the capacity to produce PGI2 and (b) have increased lysosomal CE hydrolytic (acid cholesteryl ester hydrolase [ACEH])activity. Using cultured SMC from rabbit thoracic aorta, we demonstrated that PGI2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and 6-keto-PGE1 enhanced ACEH activity fourfold. No significant effects on ACEH activity were observed with PGE1 or PGE2. Preincubation of SMC with an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase activity (dideoxyadenosine) abolished the effect of these PG on CE hydrolytic activity. Addition of dibutyryl cAMP to these SMC significantly increased ACEH activity. Although concentrations of PGI2 used significantly increased cAMP levels, proliferation of these SMC was not observed. In related experiments, we determined if the addition of PGI2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, or 6-keto-PGE1 to cultured aortic SMC would enhance the egress of unesterified cholesterol and CE from these SMC. A significant loss of total cholesterol from PG-treated SMC was observed at the end of 14 d. Results suggest that increased synthesis of PGI2 by neointimal SMC in the injured aortic wall may, at least in part, explain the changes in CE catabolism and accumulation following injury. These PG may also be important in CE metabolism and accumulation in human arteries.
The Great CPC Mutiny
Authors: Myron C. Greengold
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Areola: A delegation of clinicians to see you, Dr. v. VonAcheron: Ach, Sonya! Petitions, distractions! Here on the very frontiers of knowledge! (<i>Shaking head</i>.) The captive specialist's lot, Sonya, is not a happy one! Areola: 'Twas ever thus, Dr. v. Do I tell them you're at an Overdigitalization Committee meeting? VonAcheron<i>(rising, burying journal under pile of fan mail)</i>: No, send them in, Sonya. Might as well get it over with, eh? But be sure to buzz me in ten minutes for the Anti-Lay-Lab-League luncheon. Areola: Will do. <h3>(Exit Miss Areola.) (Enter Drs. Proctos, Colpos, and A PHYSICIAN, known but to God.)</h3> VonAcheron: Gentlemen: By all means this is a pleasure! Come in! Come in! (Drs. Proctos and Colpos, in matching doublets, breeches, codpieces, boots, respective scopes in scabbards, feathered hats, advance to center. A Physician, in belled hat and shoes, otherwise motley, ten-speed stethescope head peeping
Stimulation and characteristics of secondary oesophageal peristalsis in normal subjects.
Authors: M N Schoeman, R H Holloway
Journal: Gut (1994)

The study evaluates the triggering and characteristics of secondary oesophageal peristalsis in 25 healthy volunteers. Secondary peristalsis was stimulated by rapid intraoesophageal injection of boluses of air and water, and by a five second oesophageal distension with a balloon. Air and water boluses triggered secondary peristalsis that started in the proximal oesophagus regardless of injection site. Response rates were volume dependent with 83% of the 20 ml air boluses triggering secondary peristalsis compared with 2% for the 2 ml water bolus (p &lt; 0.0001). Response rates for air and water were similar for equal bolus volumes and were not influenced by the site of injection. In contrast, balloon distension usually induced a synchronous contraction above the balloon, with secondary peristalsis starting below the balloon after deflation. The peristaltic response rate to balloon distension was also volume dependent and the middle balloon was more effective in triggering secondary peristalsis than either the upper or lower balloons (p &lt; 0.001). Secondary peristaltic amplitude was less than that of primary peristalsis (p &lt; 0.001). Secondary peristaltic velocity with a water bolus was slower (p = 0.001) than that of primary peristalsis. Intravenous atropine significantly reduced secondary peristaltic responses to all stimuli. There was also a significant reduction in pressure wave amplitude for air stimulated secondary peristalsis while those for the water responses were similar. Secondary peristaltic velocity with air and water boluses was not changed by atropine. The reproducibility of testing secondary peristalsis was examined six volunteers and did not show any significant differences on separate test days in response rate and peristaltic amplitude or velocity. It is concluded that in normal subjects, secondary peristalsis can be more reliably triggered by intraoesophageal air or water infusion than balloon distension. Secondary peristaltic amplitude and velocity are stimulus but not site or volume dependent and propagation is partially mediated by cholinergic nerves.
Cecil Textbook of Medicine 22nd e-dition, vols 1 &amp; 2
Authors: M. R. Grey
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mechanics of Left Ventricular Contraction in Chronic Severe Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: DWAIN L. ECKBERG, JAMES H. GAULT, RICHARD L. BOUCHARD, JOEL S. KARLINER, JOHN ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The mechanics of left ventricular contraction were studied during diagnostic cardiac catheterization using high-speed cineangiography in 11 patients with severe chronic mitral regurgitation. Compared with a group of previously studied normal subjects, most of the patients with mitral regurgitation demonstrated a reduced velocity of shortening (V cf ) during ejection at maximum wall stress, average = 1.01 circumferences/sec (circ/sec) (range 0.64-1.47 circ/sec). Maximum and mean V cf values also were reduced in these patients, averaging 1.40 and 0.94 circ/sec, respectively. These findings are in contrast to those in acute experimental mitral regurgitation, and to observations of normal shortening velocities in chronic experimental volume overloading, in which left ventricular contraction velocity is augmented. Compared with normal subjects, patients with mitral regurgitation had significantly larger left ventricular end-diastolic circumferences and volumes, and higher total left ventricular stroke volumes. The mean regurgitant volume was 41% of the total stroke volume, of which an average of 46% was ejected into the left atrium prior to aortic valve opening. The ejection fraction and extent of fiber shortening were normal in all but two patients despite depressed shortening velocities in most. It is concluded that analysis of velocity in the ejecting phase of left ventricular contraction is useful in detecting apparent alterations in inotropic state in the face of the altered loading conditions accompanying chronic mitral regurgitation. Further, favorable unloading conditions early during systole in patients with mitral regurgitation appear to mask the effects of a depressed inotropic state on the pumping function of the heart.
ZAP-70 binding specificity to T cell receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs: the tandem SH2 domains of ZAP-70 bind distinct tyrosine-based activation motifs with varying affinity.
Authors: N Isakov, R L Wange, W H Burgess, J D Watts, R Aebersold, L E Samelson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Engagement of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) results in activation of several tyrosine kinases leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of protein substrates and activation of multiple biochemical pathways. TCR-mediated activation of the src-family kinases, Lck and Fyn, results in tyrosine phosphorylation of the TCR zeta and CD3 chains. The site of phosphorylation in these chains is the tyrosine-based activation motif (TAM), a 15-16 amino acid module containing two tyrosine residues. Tyrosine-phosphorylated TAMs serve as targets for binding of the zeta-associated protein (ZAP-70) tyrosine kinase via its tandem SH2 domains. This binding correlates with activation of ZAP-70, a critical event in T cell activation. To further define the structural requirements for ZAP-70 interaction with the TCR, we developed a binding assay using immobilized glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins containing the NH2- and/or COOH-terminal SH2 domains of ZAP-70, and soluble synthetic peptides with the sequence of the cytoplasmic region of the TCR zeta chain (TCR zeta cyt) or individual TCR zeta and CD3 epsilon TAM motifs. Direct binding studies demonstrated that the tandem ZAP-70 SH2 domains bind phosphorylated, but not nonphosphorylated, TCR zeta cyt. The NH2-terminal ZAP-70 SH2 domain also binds to TCR zeta cyt but with 100-fold lower affinity. No binding was observed with the COOH-terminal ZAP-70 SH2 domain. Similar studies demonstrated that the ZAP-70 tandem SH2 domain can bind a TCR zeta 3 TAM peptide in which both tyrosine residues are phosphorylated: Little or no binding was observed with peptides phosphorylated at only one tyrosine residue, or a nonphosphorylated peptide. Binding of the tandem SH2 domains to the other two TCR zeta TAM peptides and to a CD3 epsilon TAM peptide was also observed. All four doubly tyrosine phosphorylated TAM peptides cross-compete with each other for binding to the tandem SH2 domains of ZAP-70. The affinity of these peptides for the tandem SH2 construct demonstrated a hierarchy of TAM zeta 1 &amp;gt; or = TAM zeta 2 &amp;gt; TAM epsilon &amp;gt; or = TAM zeta 3. The results provide further evidence that the ZAP-70 interaction with the TCR requires prior phosphorylation of both tyrosine residues within a TAM motif. Binding of ZAP-70 to phospho-TAMs is notable for the high level of cooperativity between the two SH2 domains, which individually demonstrate low affinity interaction with the ligand. The cooperativity ensures higher affinity for the doubly phosphorylated ligand. Affinity differences of as much as 30-fold indicates a significant specificity of interaction of ZAP-70 SH2 domains for different phospho-TAMs.
Severe myalgia in familial Mediterranean fever: clinical and ultrastructural aspects.
Authors: D Schapira, R Ludatscher, M Nahir, M Lorber, Y Scharf
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Severe myalgia is an uncommon feature of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). A patient is presented in whom acute myalgia and high fever were the sole clinical findings during an FMF attack. The ultrastructural picture of the muscle tissue during the acute stage was characterised by a large deposition of collagen fibrils. The myalgia subsided during colchicine treatment. The clinical and ultrastructural features of myalgia in FMF are discussed in the light of the relevant literature.
Five-Year Follow-up Study of 100 Patients Committed to the Boston Psychopathic Hospital
Authors: J. Sanbourne Bockoven, Harry C. Solomon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

EDITORIAL discussion in this journal of a paper on the results of treatment in the major psychoses‡ included the suggestion that "the psychiatrist could measure the effects of therapy by means of a study of 'five-year cures' much as does the student of cancer or tuberculosis." We have sought to carry out this suggestion by charting the admissions and discharges of 100 patients, week by week, for a period of five years after each original date of admission to the hospital.MethodThe names of the first 100 patients committed to the Boston Psychopathic Hospital during the fiscal year July . . .
62 CONSISTENT DNA METHYLATION DIFFERENCES IN 46 GENOME-WIDE LOCI IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS
Authors: A. Lleo, M.R. Martin, L. Zammataro, M.J. Mayo, N. Bach, S. Shimoda, S. Gordon, M. Folci, P. Invernizzi, M. Podda, M.E. Gershwin, J.M. Lasalle, C. Selmi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity in Children
Authors: Leontine C.M. Kremer, Huib N. Caron
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

More than 70 percent of children who are treated for childhood cancer can be cured. For long-term survivors, possible late effects of treatment and their consequences for the quality of life are a major concern. Cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines are among the most frequent and serious adverse effects of the treatment of childhood cancer. Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin, epirubicin, and doxorubicin have been used for more than 30 years, and nearly 60 percent of children with cancer are currently being treated with such agents.The mechanisms behind cardiotoxic effects are not fully understood, but lipid peroxidation and the generation of . . .
Separate transport systems for biliary secretion of sulfated and unsulfated bile acids in the rat.
Authors: F Kuipers, M Enserink, R Havinga, A B van der Steen, M J Hardonk, J Fevery, R J Vonk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Biliary secretion of 3 alpha-sulfated bile acids has been studied in Wistar rats with an autosomal recessive defect in the hepatic transport of bilirubin. Liver function, established by measurement of various enzymes in plasma, by enzyme histochemical methods, and by electron microscopy, appeared to be normal in these rats. Serum levels of unconjugated, monoglucuronidated, and diglucuronidated bilirubin were 0.62, 1.62, and 6.16 mumol/liter, respectively, compared with 0.17, 0.08, and 0.02 mumol/liter in control rats. Biliary bilirubin secretion was strongly reduced in the mutant animals: 0.21 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.39 +/- 0.03 nmol/min per 100 g body wt in control rats. Despite normal biliary bile acid output, bile flow was markedly impaired in the mutant animals, due to a 53% reduction of the bile acid-independent fraction of bile flow. The transport maximum for biliary secretion of dibromosulphthalein (DBSP) was also drastically reduced (-53%). Biliary secretion of intravenously administered trace amounts of the 3 alpha-sulfate esters of 14C-labeled taurocholic acid (-14%), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (-39%), taurolithocholic acid (-73%), and glycolithocholic acid (-91%) was impaired in the jaundiced rats compared with controls, in contrast to the biliary secretion of the unsulfated parent compounds. Hepatic uptake of sulfated glycolithocholic acid was not affected in the jaundiced animals. Preadministration of DBSP (15 mumol/100 g body wt) to normal Wistar rats significantly impaired the biliary secretion of sulfated glycolithocholic acid, but did not affect taurocholic acid secretion. We conclude that separate transport systems in the rat liver exist for biliary secretion of sulfated and unsulfated bile acids; the sulfates probably share secretory pathways with the organic anions bilirubin and DBSP. The described genetic defect in hepatic transport function is associated with a reduced capacity to secrete sulfated bile acids into bile; this becomes more pronounced with a decreasing number of hydroxyl groups on the sulfated bile acid's molecule.
Gaining: The Truth About Life After Eating Disorders
Authors: John M. Clark
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Race and Genetic Influences on Health
Authors: R. Frank
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kidney trade arrest exposes loopholes in India's transplant laws
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Police have arrested a senior surgeon in Mumbai (Bombay) for his alleged role in facilitating trade in human kidneys.

The arrest has exposed a loophole in India's decade old organ transplantation act. Doctors say that the act is not strict enough to stop unrelated living donors pretending that they are a friend or relative of the recipient and are giving a kidney for emotional rather than financial reasons.

Detectives arrested Dr Suresh Trivedi, a nephrologist at the Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Centre, last week after claiming to have established links between him and agents who recruited kidney donors for his patients.

Police said …
Age-related changes in the elastic properties and thickness of human facial skin
Authors: Y. TAKEMA, Y. YORIMOTO, M. KAWAI, G. IMOKAWA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Using recently designed, commercially available, non‐invasive instruments, we measured the thickness and elasticity of the skin of the face and ventral forearm in 170 women, and evaluated the effects of age and exposure to sunlight. Skin thickness decreased with age in ventral forearm skin, which has limited exposure to sunlight, but increased significantly in the skin of the forehead, corners of the eyes, and cheeks, which are markedly exposed to sunlight. Skin elasticity (Ur/Uf) decreased with age on both the face and forearm. The ratio of viscosity element to elasticity element (Uv/Ue) increased with age at all sites. However, delayed distension (Uv), immediate retraction (Ur), final distension (Uf), and immediate distention (Ue), as individual elements, decreased on the face and increased on the forearm with age. This tendency was more marked after correction for skin thickness. These results suggested the specificity of skin thickness and elasticity in the facial skin. Analysis using a four‐element model showed no changes in the elasticity coefficient of Maxwell element on the forearm, but an increase on the face. This indicates quantitative or qualitative changes in elastic fibres in facial skin. Thus, sunlight appears to have a considerable effect on the thickness and physical properties of facial skin.
Epithelial Cell-Specific Act1 Adaptor Mediates Interleukin-25-Dependent Helminth Expulsion through Expansion of Lin−c-Kit+ Innate Cell Population
Authors: Zizhen Kang, Shadi Swaidani, Weiguo Yin, Chenhui Wang, Jillian L. Barlow, Muhammet Fatih Gulen, Katarzyna Bulek, Jeong-su Do, Mark Aronica, Andrew N.J. McKenzie, Booki Min, Xiaoxia Li
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Estimation of splanchnic blood flow by the Fick principle in man and problems in the use of indocyanine green
Authors: A. Uusaro, E. Ruokonen, J. Takala
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Measurement of splanchnic blood flow is necessary to evaluate the effect of therapeutic interventions on splanchnic tissue perfusion. Systemic indocyanine green (ICG) clearance has been used to estimate splanchnic blood flow, but the results may be compromised by altered hepatic dye extraction. We evaluated the applicability of simultaneous estimation of splanchnic and femoral blood flow by dye dilution and regional blood sampling in intensive care patients.240 simultaneous determinations of regional blood flow were conducted in different patient groups (cardiac surgery, ARDS, pancreatitis, septic shock, preoperative controls). The measurement protocol consists of catheterizations of hepatic vein, femoral artery and vein and primed constant infusion of two different ICG preparations.The method was used successfully in a wide variety of patients. Steady-state dye concentration and sufficient dye extraction was achieved in each group of patients. The coefficient of variation of splanchnic blood flow estimation was 7 +/- 1% and of femoral blood flow estimation 6 +/- 0%. There was a great intra- and interindividual variation of ICG extraction. Use of dobutamine modified the extraction in most patients but did not lessen the performance of the method. ICG extraction was markedly lower and the coefficient of variation of both femoral and splanchnic blood flow markedly higher with propylene glycol-dissolved ICG preparation as compared with the freeze-dried.The prerequisites for the method of primed, constant infusion of indocyanine green with hepatic vein catheterization are achieved in intensive care patients. The results of splanchnic blood flow estimations based on techniques with peripheral blood sampling should be interpreted with caution, and the use of ICG clearance as a flow-related indicator without the measurement of ICG extraction cannot be justified because of the great variability of dye extraction. Certain indocyanine green preparations may greatly modify the results of the regional blood flow determinations.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Anthony P. Tartaglia
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A patient with the classical findings of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was treated with heparin sodium, splenectomy, and highdose steroids without appreciable benefit. In the face of continued deterioration, hemodialysis was instituted. This was followed by clinical improvement and eventual recovery of the patient. We suggest that this form of treatment should be attempted on other patients with TTP who appear not to be responding to the more conventional forms of therapy.