tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Brief Communication: The Prevalence of High Intake of Vitamin E from the Use of Supplements among U.S. Adults
Authors: Earl S. Ford, Umed A. Ajani, Ali H. Mokdad
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

People who consume at least 400 IU of vitamin E per day from supplements may be at slightly increased risk for premature mortality.To estimate the percentage of U.S. adults age 20 years or older who consume at least 400 IU of vitamin E per day through the use of vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements.Cross-sectional analysis.The 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Representative sample of the civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. population.Participants answered questions about the use of vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements.Among 4609 adults, 11.3% (95% CI, 9.7% to 13.1%) consumed at least 400 IU of vitamin E per day from supplements. Such intake increased with age, was about equal for men and women, and was more common among white persons (14.1%; CI, 11.9% to 16.7%) than African-American (3.7% [CI, 2.6% to 5.2%]) or Mexican-American persons (3.9% [CI, 2.8% to 5.4%]). The median dietary intake of vitamin E was 8.8 IU per day.Information about vitamin E intake was self-reported.The use of vitamin E supplements in dosages of at least 400 IU per day is common among U.S. adults.
Ir gene controlled carrier effects in the induction and elicitation of hapten-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity responses.
Authors: J Z Weinberger, B Benacerraf, M E Dorf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

The genetic requirements of carrier recognition were examined in the priming and elicitation of hapten specific, T-cell mediated, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. It was shown that nitrophenyl acetyl-poly-(L-glu56-L-lys35-L-phe9) (NP-GLO) could prime for NP responses only in strains of mice which are Ir gene responders to GLO. In contrast to this requirement, NO-GLO could elicit an NP-specific response in NP-bovine gamma globulin primed mice, even in GLO nonresponder strains. Furthermore, the nonimmunogenic molecule, NP-GL, could elicit an NP-specific DTH response in animals primed with NP on an immunogenic carrier.
Liver Cirrhosis and Circadian Rhythm
Authors: Petra Steindl
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 July 1996Liver Cirrhosis and Circadian RhythmPetra Steindl, MD, Phyllis Zee, MD, PhD, and Andres T. Blei, MDPetra Steindl, MDLakeside Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611Search for more papers by this author, Phyllis Zee, MD, PhDLakeside Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611Search for more papers by this author, and Andres T. Blei, MDLakeside Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Garfinkel and Zisapel suggest that wrist actigraphy is superior to sleep diaries as a method to monitor sleep in patients with cirrhosis. Our preliminary studies indicate that this tool may be of value for such patients [1], but caution is warranted before this new technology is embraced. Measurement of wrist activity during polysomnography has not yet been validated for cirrhotic patients, and results may differ from those seen in other populations [2]. Furthermore, we would rather not be hasty in dismissing the role of sleep diaries. They reflect a subjective symptom, which is in essence what the ...References1. Steindl PE, Zee P, Bendok B, Blei AT. Ambulatory monitoring of a diurnal motor rhythm indicates altered day/night activity in cirrhotic patients [Abstract]. Hepatology. 1995; 22:161A. Google Scholar2. Garfinkel D, Laudon M, Nof D, Zisapel N. Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people by controlled-release melatonin. Lancet. 1995; 346:541-4. Google Scholar3. Iguchi H, Kato KI, Ibayashi H. Melatonin serum levels and metabolic clearance rate in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Clin Endocrin Metab. 1982; 54:1025-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Lakeside Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60611 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 2Page: 154KeywordsCirrhosisLiverMelatoninPolysomnographyPopulation statisticsReasoningSleep Issue Published: 15 July 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Oussama Wazni, Bruce Wilkoff, Walid Saliba
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A 59-year-old man presents with a recurrent episode of symptomatic atrial fibrillation despite attempts to maintain sinus rhythm with antiarrhythmic drugs. Catheter ablation can be effective in such patients, but more than one procedure may be necessary.
Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Following Resection of Pheochromocytoma in a Patient with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: RODNEY J. HICKS, BRIAN WOOD, VICTOR KALFF, STANLEY T. ANDERSON, MICHAEL J. KELLY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with pheochromocytoma is a well-recognized but rare entity. Both hypertrophic and dilated variants have been described. We report a case of dilated cardiomyopathy associated with a benign pheochromocytoma that showed complete normalization of left ventricular systolic function following removal of the tumor. Serum noradrenaline and dopamine were significantly elevated without elevation in serum adrenaline levels. This may be the first report in which radionuclide ventriculography was used to document the time course of normalization in LVEF following removal of a pheochromocytoma.
Spontaneous Mediastinal Hemorrhage in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis
Authors: RICHARD T. ELLISON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Two patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis developed spontaneous mediastinal hemorrhage. Although spontaneous bleeding has been described in patients on chronic hemodialysis, spontaneous mediastinal hemorrhage has not been reported. If this complication is recognized, a conservative approach may be justified.
Did Galen describe rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: P Dieppe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathySIR, We were interested to read the case report fromMcHugh et al.' We have been following up a patient who presented with similar clinical features, but in whom the findings of T lymphocyte subset analysis of synovial fluid (SF) and peripheral blood (PB) were contrasting (Table 1).
A MyD88 meddles with survival
Authors: Hema Bashyam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

In the MyD88 family of cytosolic adaptor proteins, the newest member is the group's black sheep, according to Kim et al. (page 2063). Whereas most MyD88 proteins turn on antipathogen responses within myeloid cells, the rebel, MyD88-5, instigates cell death within neurons.






Figure 1

Proapoptotic JNK3 (yellow) clusters near mitochondria (red) only when MyD88-5 (green) is present.




MyD88-1–4 all respond to Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation in leukocytes and stimulate innate immune responses. MyD88-5, however, does not transmit TLR signals or induce innate response genes. Two extra domains in MyD88-5 that may allow it to interact with cytoskeletal proteins hint at an entirely different function.

Kim et al. now find that the protein is not even expressed in most leukocytes and instead is found mainly in neurons. There, MyD88-5 bound to microtubules and studded the outer membranes of mitochondria. Mitochondria formed clusters when MyD88-5 expression levels were high but were unable to group when the two protein interaction domains of MyD88-5 were removed. By linking them to the microtubules, MyD88-5 probably enables the mitochondria to get around efficiently within the neuron, where these energy stores must travel long distances. But how MyD88-5 levels are controlled within the neuron remains to be determined.

MyD88-5 also recruited JNK3, a kinase whose association with mitochondria activates apoptosis in stressed cells. The stress of UV light increased the association of JNK3 with MyD88-5, and neurons from mice lacking MyD88-5 were less vulnerable to stress-induced apoptosis. The authors are now using mouse models of brain injury to investigate whether the absence of MyD88-5 saves damaged neurons during, for example, a stroke.

T cells also expressed some MyD88-5. Because these cells lack JNK3, the adaptor probably has additional binding partners.
POSTVACCINAL ENCEPHALITIS AND ALLIED CONDITIONS
Authors: SIMON FLEXNER
Journal: JAMA (1930)

In 1923 I had the privilege, as Frederick A. Packard lecturer, of addressing the College of Physicians on a subject related to the present one. Some may recall that the Packard lecture was devoted to a consideration, chiefly from the standpoint of the pathologic changes, of the disease called indifferently "lethargic" and "epidemic encephalitis." The effort made in that lecture was to define the disease in as clear a manner as was possible at the time, and to separate it from certain pathologic and clinical complexes with which it had been brought into alliance. What was really undertaken, and perhaps accomplished, was to distinguish epidemic encephalitis from epidemic influenza, Australian X-disease, herpes virus encephalitis, and even from epidemic poliomyelitis. The net result of this analysis was to present epidemic encephalitis as a clinical and pathologic complex of independent nature, the etiology of which still remained undetermined. In 1923, epidemics of
Community Care and the "Queequeg Syndrome": A Phenomenological Evaluation of Methods of Rehabilitation for Psychotic Patients
Authors: P. J. DARLEY, W. T. KENNY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

An English day center for psychiatric patients had a low success rate when run on traditional lines. The authors present the theory that former psychiatric hospital patients are generally not accepted by the community as recovered but are given the new and damaging role of citizen-on-probation. They demonstrate that changes in the structure and program of the day center point toward new methods of rehabilitation aimed at helping patients combat the "Queequeg syndrome."
How Much Blood Makes The Cerebrospinal Fluid Bloody?
Authors: Bernard M. Patten
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Blood in the cerebrospinal fluid in the absence of a traumatic lumbar puncture is always abnormal. Textbooks do not reveal studies correlating the concentration of red blood cells and the macroscopic appearance of the spinal fluid. This information is of importance when the physician must decide on therapy or emergency diagnostic procedures such as arteriography before the official laboratory enumeration of cells is known. A guide, however imprecise, which estimates cell counts at the bedside will give the physician useful information. <h3>Method:—</h3> Serial dilutions of fresh whole blood were made in human cerebrospinal fluid which contained no cells, a protein value of 23 mg/100 ml and a glucose value of 88 mg/100 ml. Two tubes of plain cerebrospinal fluid and one tube of distilled water served as controls. The tubes were randomized according to a table of random numbers. Seventeen residents at the Neurological Institute of New
Molecular diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): An emerging field for advanced technologies
Authors: Jens U. Marquardt, Peter R. Galle, Andreas Teufel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

Despite great progress in diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the exact biology of the tumor remains poorly understood overall limiting the patients' outcome. Detailed analysis and characterization of the molecular mechanisms and subsequently individual prediction of corresponding prognostic traits would revolutionize both diagnosis and treatment of HCC and is the key goal of modern personalized medicine. Over the recent years systematic approaches for the analysis of whole tumor genomes and transcriptomes as well as epigenomes became affordable tools in translational research. This includes simultaneous analyses of thousands of molecular targets using microarray-based technologies as well as next-generation sequencing. Although currently diagnosis and classification of hepatocellular cancers still rely on histological examination of tumor sections, these technologies show great promise to advance the current knowledge of hepatocarcinogenesis, complement diagnostic classification in a setting of microarray-aided pathology, and rationalize the individual drug selection. This review aims to summarize recent progress of system biological approaches in hepatocarcinogenesis and outline potential areas for translational application in a clinical setting. Further, we give an update about known signaling pathways active in HCC, summarize the historical application of whole genomic approaches in liver cancer and indicate ongoing experimental research utilizing novel technologies in diagnosis and treatment of this deadly disease. This will also include the discussion and characterization of new molecular and cellular targets such as Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs).
ENURESIS IN NON-PSYCHOTIC BOYS TREATED WITH IMIPRAMINE
Authors: MARIO J MARIUZ, C. J. WALTERS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Imipramine in 25 mg. daily doses was found to be an effective agent for the control of enuresis. In a double-blind study, 17 of 23 (74%) severely enuretic boys showed marked improvement on the drug compared to the placebo when each medication was given for 20 days. Nightly incidence of enuresis was reduced from a mean of 70% to 47%. This difference is highly significant (P<0.001). Further trials over longer periods should be helpful in evaluating the possibility of complete enuretic control following discontinuation of the drug.
Role of tumour necrosis factor alpha in experimental arthritis: separate activity of interleukin 1beta in chronicity and cartilage destruction
Authors: W. B van den Berg, L. A B Joosten, G. Kollias, F. A J van de Loo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Chronic arthritis is characterised by persistent joint inflammation and concomitant joint destruction. Using murine arthritis models and neutralising antibodies as well as cytokine specific knockout conditions, it was found that tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) is important in early joint swelling. Membrane bound TNFα is sufficient to drive this aspect of inflammation as well as the acute cellular infiltrate in the synovial tissue. Interleukin 1 (IL1) is not necessarily a dominant cytokine in early joint swelling, but has a pivotal role in sustained cellular infiltration and erosive cartilage damage. TNFα independent IL1 production is a prominent feature in murine arthritis models. These observations provide evidence for potential uncoupling of joint inflammation and erosive changes, implying that both cytokines need to be targeted to achieve optimal treatment.
France moves towards a GP system
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The French medical system moved a step closer to the British model last week when a major union of French general practitioners reached an agreement with the health insurance branch of social security, accepting the principle that patients should subscribe to a single general practitioner for treatment and eventual referral to a specialist. Other unions object to the arrangement, and some are calling for strikes next month.

The agreement, to be signed for four years (1999-2002), was reached …
ANATOMICAL DISTRIBUTION OF T AND B LYMPHOCYTES IN THE RAT
Authors: Irving Goldschneider, D. D. McGregor
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

A method is described whereby antisera raised in rabbits to rat thoracic duct lymphocytes were made specific for the plasma membrane antigens of T and B lymphocytes. These lymphocyte-specific antisera were used in immunofluorescence assays to study the distribution of B and T cells in lymphocyte containing tissues and body fluids of the rat. Rabbit antirat B-cell serum (ALS(B)) reacted selectively with the surfaces of lymphocytes in the lymphoid follicles of lymph node cortex and in the follicles and marginal zones of splenic white pulp, but not with the surfaces of germinal center cells or plasma cells. An identical pattern of fluorescent staining was obtained with rabbit antirat Ig serum. It was shown by blocking, absorption, and immunoprecipitation studies that ALS(B) was composed in large part of antibodies to rat Ig, but that it contained antibodies to other B-cell antigens as well. Rabbit antirat T-cell serum (ALS(T)) reacted selectively with the surfaces of lymphocytes in the paracortex of lymph node and in the periarteriolar sheath of spleen, and with thymocytes. ALS(T) did not display anti-Ig activity. ALS(T) reacted with approximately 100% thymocytes and with 90% thoracic duct, 80% lymph node, 60% blood, 50% spleen, and 10% bone marrow lymphocytes in suspensions of cells from these sources. ALS(B) reacted with the remainder of the lymphocytes in the suspensions, except for bone marrow in which only 59% of lymphocytes had detectable B- or T-cell surface antigens. The population of T lymphocytes in rat bone marrow was depleted by drainage of lymphocytes from a thoracic duct fistula, thereby establishing their membership in the pool of recirculating T cells. Approximately 14% of lymphocytes issuing from the thoracic duct of TxBM donors reacted with ALS(T). The presence in these animals of a small number of T cells, calculated to be approximately 2% of the normal value, may account for the limited capacity of TxBM rats to respond to antigens that induce a cell-mediated immune response.
ABC of intensive care: Neurological support
Authors: I. S Grant, P. J D Andrews
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The neurological conditions that require management in intensive care are diverse. Indications for admission range from maintaining the airway to control of seizures and intracranial pressure. Intensive care of a patient with a neurological disease requires a partnership between the referring specialist and intensive care doctors. Despite the diversity of the neurological diseases being managed some standard principles apply.
Localization of thrombospondin in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: K Hayashi, T Kurohiji, K Shirouzu
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The expression of thrombospondin (TSP) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was investigated by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical studies, using an anti-human TSP antibody to HCC and liver specimens. Tissue specimens were obtained by surgical resection from 60 patients with HCC. In light microscopic immunohistochemistry, all specimens showed strong immunoreaction for TSP in fibrous tissues in HCC and surrounding nonmalignant areas. In the strong TSP-stained fibrous tissue, immunoreaction for TSP was observed in fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells. In 31 of 60 cases, HCC cells revealed cytoplasmic staining for TSP. In electron microscopic immunohistochemistry, reaction products for TSP were revealed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) of HCC cells, and also in the RER of fibroblasts and endothelial cells. These findings proved that TSP was synthesized in HCC cells, in endothelial cells, and in fibroblasts surrounding the tumor, and further suggested that TSP in the fibrous tissues surrounding carcinoma was basically synthesized by nonparenchymal cells such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells.
Inhibition of histamine skin flare reaction following repeated topical applications of capsaicin
Authors: P. Bjerring, L. Arendt‐Nielsen
Journal: Allergy (1990)

The intention was to clarify, experimentally, some of the clinical properties of capsaicin. The modulation of histamine‐induced immediate inflammatory responses following subsequent topical applications of capsaicin was studied. A gradusd dose‐dependent reduction of the acute inflammatory reaction was observed after daily epicutaneous application of 1% capsaicin for 6 days. The modulation suggests that the small nerve fibres responsible for the neurogenic spread of the flare gradually become less excitable. After termination of capsaicin applications the flare returned to its initial value after 9 days. The recovery phase was longer than the inhibition phase, probably due to slow repletion of neuropeptides in the cutaneous nerve endings.
BUTTERMILK FEEDING, WITH REPORT OF CASES.
Authors: HOWARD CHILDS CARPENTER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The use of buttermilk as an infant food has not been tried to any great extent in America, although it has been used extensively in Europe, particularly for many years in Holland. It certainly has not received the attention it deserves as a suitable method of feeding infants with gastrointestinal disorders and infantile atrophy. One reason for the hesitancy on the part of the profession in this country to take up buttermilk as a food for sick infants has been the uncleanness of much of the buttermilk on the market. Buttermilk from different dairies is such a variable substance that of necessity different results will be obtained from its use by different observers. This is also the reason why the analysis of buttermilk, made at different times, in different places, has varied greatly. No figures can be set down as the exact percentage formula of buttermilk in general, but from
A FAMILIAL HEMORRHAGIC TRAIT ASSOCIATED WITH A DEFICIENCY OF A CLOT-PROMOTING FRACTION OF PLASMA 1
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff, Joan E. Colopy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

Recently, three patients have been studied in whom the clotting time of venous blood was greatly prolonged.None of the patients had significant hemorrhagic symptoms.The trait was apparently familial and appeared in both sexes.The pa- tients' disorder could not be identified with any known bleeding disease.However, in each case, the plasma was deficient in a substance found in normal globulin which accelerated the clotting of normal, platelet-deficient plasma.This clot-promoting fraction, present in heated, barium sulfate-adsorbed serum, was neither throm- bic nor thromboplastic and did not alter the rate of conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin, nor of prothrombin to thrombin by tissue throm- boplastin.By inference, its effect was upon an earlier stage of clotting, presumably upon the de- velopment of thromboplastic activity in shed blood.However, the fraction did not appear to contain any of the components of plasma known to be necessary for the optimal evolution of plasma thromboplastic activity.The characteristics of the clot-promoting fraction, deficient in the plasma of these three patients, suggests that its properties may be identical with those of an unidentified ac- celerator of clotting described in an earlier study (1).Tentatively, until its mode of action becomes clear, this fraction may be named Hageman factor, after Patient I. CASE REPORTS I. J. R. H. (Crile V.A.H. No. 65930), a 37-year-old railroad brakeman, was first studied during July, 1953, be- cause a prolonged clotting time was observed during routine pre-operative studies.He had no history of hemorrhagic difficulties, purpura or anemia,