tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The correlates of research success.
Authors: D C Evered, J Anderson, P Griggs, R Wakeford
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A survey was carried out of the undergraduate backgrounds and research achievements of 885 (94.1%) of all 940 medically qualified professors and readers in medical faculties in the United Kingdom. A total of 217 (24.5%) of the graduates in these senior academic positions had graduated from Oxford or Cambridge and 137 (15.5%) had an intercalated BSc. The corresponding figures for a control group matched for sex and date of graduation were 118 (13.3%) for Oxford and Cambridge (academic to control odds ratio 2.11:1) and 34 (3.8%) for the BSc (odds ratio 4.58:1). Those with an intercalated BSc in the clinical specialties raised substantially more research grants from the Medical Research Council than their peers from Oxford and Cambridge or those without a BSc. The Oxford and Cambridge group raised more grants in the non-clinical specialties. Bibliometric analysis was carried out on the United Kingdom graduates within the broad specialty of medicine (n = 218) matched for date of graduation. Academics with a BSc had a better publication record over 10 years (median number of original publications 72) than the Oxford and Cambridge group (median 59) and a substantially better record than those from other schools without a BSc (median 46). Citation analysis was carried out on subsets of the above sample matched for date of graduation and frequency of publication. Those with an intercalated BSc were cited more often (8.04 citations/paper) than the Oxford and Cambridge graduates (7.63) and substantially more than their peers without a BSc (4.16). These data show very clearly that research training or experience, or both, as an undergraduate has a substantial influence on career development and correlates positively with subsequent research performance many years later.
Airless Spray Gun
Authors: Stanley H. Nahigian
Journal: JAMA (1966)

THE DANGER of high-velocity oil and grease injuries causing penetrating wounds in the hand is well known. Rees<sup>1</sup>first described a diesel-engine jet-spray injury in 1937. Since then there have been case reports of diesel-fuel<sup>2,3</sup>and grease-gun<sup>4-12</sup>injuries in the English literature and in textbooks dealing with hand surgery. We feel that a new and equally severe hand hazard has been developed in the airless paint spray gun (Fig 1) which can deliver a pressure of 3,000 pounds per square inch (psi) at the nozzle. This paint spray gun can accommodate 90% of the paints known, and it has been in operation in our area approximately eight to ten years. To the author's knowledge, this type of high-velocity paintspray injury has not been previously reported, and recent experience with two cases presented new problems in management. The danger of these guns is similar to any high-pressure volatized-chemical
Some cautionary notes on prescribing allopurinol
Authors: Harriet Page
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A warning was sounded at the Pan-American Rheumatology Congress in Washington, DC, regarding hypersensitivity to allopurinol. Joyce Z. Singer, MD, a rheumatology fellow at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, reviewed the records of eight patients with allopurinol hypersensitivity treated at her institution and at the Brooklyn Veterans Administration Hospital from 1976 to 1981, as well as reports on an additional 68 hypersensitive patients that have appeared in the literature since 1970. Three of the eight, and 17 of the 68, died of their reactions to the drug, she found, and the majority of the patients in these two series should not have received allopurinol in the first place. Many did not show the usual indications for receiving the drug (generally showing only asymptomatic hyperuricemia). Moreover, a substantial number were at particular risk for hypersensitivity reactions because they were undergoing diuretic therapy and had impaired renal
The relationship between endotoxemia and hepatic endocannabinoids in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertension
Authors: Han-Chieh Lin, Ying-Ying Yang, Tung-Hu Tsai, Chih-Ming Huang, Yi-Tsau Huang, Fa-Yauh Lee, Tze-Tze Liu, Shou-Dong Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
NASAL SCISSORS FOR OPERATING ON THE MIDDLE TURBINATE.
Authors: C. M. WATSON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In the treatment of nasal hypertrophies, it not infrequently is found advisable to remove a portion or all of the middle turbinate, either to restore free nasal respiration or to obtain unobstructed sinus drainage. To accomplish this, I have found the instruments usually employed defective, as they are apt to damage the openings into the ethmoidal cells, thereby interfering with their proper drainage. Seeing the advantage of an instrument with which a portion or all of the turbinate may be removed by a clean section through all the tissues—mucous ane and bone—I have devised the shears herewith illustrated. The shaft and handles are placed at such an angle as not to interfere with observation, while the shears are placed at the angle best adapted to follow the line of attachment of the middle turbinate. I have used these shears for some time, the operations being done quickly and without pain
HIV and the Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Thomas Powles, Mark Bower
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

possible competing mortality, best explains this observed decrease in HIV-associated breast cancer.We disagree with their hypothesis, and suggest that there may be other factors at play.The apparent deficit of breast cancer among females in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, including 2,058 seropositive women, was explained by their overall lower risk (lower social class, early age at first childbirth, high parity, and low alcohol intake). 7Furthermore, one cannot entirely eliminate the possibility that immunodeficiency may protect HIV-infected persons from developing breast cancer. [8]9] Analyses of cancer incidence in chronically immunosuppressed transplant recipients have demonstrated a similar unexpected low incidence of breast cancer relative to other malignancies. 10 Furthermore, substantial information exists showing that a brisk immune response to some (not medullary) breast tumors correlates with a poor prognosis. 11Anticipated studies that generate a steadfast explanation for the mysterious deficit of breast cancer in the HIV-positive population may optimistically offer new pathogenesis-based treatments for breast cancer.
P169 Characteristics and survival of patients without cystic fibrosis (CF), isolating mucoid P aeruginosa (mPA) in sputum samples
Authors: R. Ahmed, M. Denton, I. Clifton, D. Peckham
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> It is well established in patients with CF m<i>PA</i> indicates chronic infection and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Mucoid <i>PA</i> can be isolated in people with non-CF lung disease but to-date no study has systematically characterised these patients. The aim of this study was to characterise and evaluate the significance of mucoid strain in a large non CF population. <h3>Methods</h3> This study retrospectively examined the demography, clinical diagnoses and survival, of patients without CF with an initial isolate of m<i>PA</i> from their respiratory samples, between January 2008 and December 2010, in Leeds. Data were obtained from the microbiology and radiology databases, and from the clinical notes. Ethical approval was obtained. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 170 patients isolated m<i>PA</i> in sputum for the first time during the study period. The median (range) age was 73 (22–99) years and 54% were female. 46% of patients had samples obtained during an in-patient stay. 21% of the patients had never seen a respiratory physician. The majority of patients had a diagnosis of bronchiectasis (See Abstract P169 figure 1). A third of patents had isolated non-mucoid <i>PA</i> prior to isolating m<i>PA</i>. 62% of the patients had a subsequent respiratory sample analysed and the majority continued to grow m<i>PA</i>. 24 patients also grew Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) from their sputum. The median age (range) of death was 78 (40–95) years. The cumulative survival was 50% at 3 years after isolating m<i>PA.</i> Factors associated with increased mortality included co-isolation of MRSA, no previous respiratory review, isolating m<i>PA</i> during in-patient care and absence of bronchiectasis (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mucoid <i>P aeruginosa</i> isolated from the sputum of patients without CF may persist and is associated with high mortality. The underlying respiratory diagnosis of patients isolating m<i>PA</i> includes a range of respiratory diseases. There may be an opportunity to eradicated <i>P aeruginosa</i> in patients who grow non-mucoid <i>PA</i> before the emergence of m<i>PA</i>.
The Camel Shed Test
Authors: William R. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —Occasionally in the history of health care two innovative forces come together with synergistic impact. So it appears to be with the movements toward cost containment and smoke-free hospitals. New studies repeatedly demonstrate that patients can be discharged from the hospital sooner than was previously considered prudent. Many hospitals are adopting smoke-free policies, forbidding  within their walls. Some provide special smoking lounges for use by employees and patients.  Report of a Case.  —A 26-year-old woman presented at about 5 PM with acute left lower abdominal pain. After appropriate evaluation she was promptly taken to surgery where a ruptured ectopic pregnancy was diagnosed and salpingo-oophorectomy performed. I visited her hospital room the next morning at about 10 AM to evaluate her postoperative condition. She was not in her room, nor was she on the nursing unit; indeed, she was nowhere in the hospital building. She was, instead,
CURRENT ROLE OF GLYCOPROTEIN IIB/IIIA INHIBITORS IN PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION AFTER PRETREATMENT WITH LOADING DOSE THIENOPYRIDINES: INSIGHTS FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Feng Zhang, Juying Qian, Junbo Ge
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
PAK1 Tyrosine Phosphorylation Is Required to Induce Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Radioresistance in Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: EunGi Kim, HyeSook Youn, TaeWoo Kwon, Beomseok Son, JiHoon Kang, Hee Jung Yang, Ki Moon Seong, Wanyeon Kim, BuHyun Youn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

The p21-activated Ser/Thr kinase 1 (PAK1) kinase has an essential role in tumorigenesis and cell survival in many cancers, but its regulation is not fully understood. In this study, we showed that in response to irradiation of lung cancer cells, PAK1 was upregulated, tyrosine phosphorylated, and translocated to the nucleus. Tyrosine phosphorylation relied upon JAK2 kinase activity and was essential for PAK1 protein stability and binding to Snail. This radiation-induced JAK2-PAK1-Snail signaling pathway increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulating epithelial and mesenchymal cell markers. Notably, JAK2 inhibitors mediated radiosensitization and EMT blockade in a mouse xenograft model of lung cancer. Taken together, our findings offered evidence that JAK2 phosphorylates and stabilizes functions of PAK1 that promote EMT and radioresistance in lung cancer cells, with additional implications for the use of JAK2 inhibitors as radiosensitizers in lung cancer treatment.
Vaccination with dendritic cells loaded with allogeneic brain tumor cells for recurrent malignant brain tumors induces a CD4+IL17+ response
Authors: Michael R Olin, Walter Low, David H McKenna, Stephen J Haines, Tambra Dahlheimer, David Nascene, Michael P Gustafson, Allan B Dietz, H Brent Clark, Wei Chen, Bruce Blazar, John R Ohlfest, Christopher Moertel
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> We tested the hypothesis that a novel vaccine developed from autologous dendritic cells (DC) loaded with cells from a unique allogeneic brain tumor cell line (GBM6-AD) would be well-tolerated and would generate an immune response. <h3>Method</h3> Patients with recurrent primary brain tumors underwent vaccination with GBM6-AD/DC vaccine. Subjects were treated at escalating DC cell doses: 5 × 10<sup>6</sup> (one patient), 10 × 10<sup>6</sup> (one patient) and 15 × 10<sup>6</sup> (6 patients). Subcutaneous injections were planned for days 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, and monthly thereafter. The primary endpoint was the safety of the GBM6-AD/DC vaccination. The secondary endpoints were immune response, measured by flow cytometry, and the clinical outcome of tumor response defined by time to progression and overall survival. <h3>Results</h3> Eight patients were treated. The first three patients were treated in the dose escalation phase of the trial; the remaining five patients received the maximum dose of 15 × 10<sup>6</sup>&nbsp;DC. No dose limiting toxicity was observed. The best response per modified McDonald criteria was partial response in one patient. Flow cytometric immune profiling revealed significant differences in CD4<sup>+</sup>IL17<sup>+</sup> lymphocytes and myeloid derived suppressor cell populations between patients characterized as having stable vs. non-stable disease. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This first-in-human study shows that the GBM6-AD/DC vaccine was well tolerated and was associated with an immune response in a subset of patients. No MTD was achieved in this trial. This small-scale pilot provides information for larger scale investigations into the use of this allogeneic vaccine source.
Phenformin and lactic acidosis.
Authors: P H Wise, M Chapman, D W Thomas, A R Clarkson, P E Harding, J B Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Thirty-eight patients who presented with diabetes and a changed state of consciousness satisfied the criteria for lactic acidosis. Sixteen patients were non-ketotic, and 15 of these were receiving phenformin on admission. In all but one of these 15 patients, however, additional renal or cardiovascular abnormalities, or both, could be identified, which supported a multifactorial aetiology for lactic acidosis. Advanced age and cardiovascular and renal disease are absolute contraindications to the use of phenformin in diabetics.
Dynamic Oscillation of Translation and Stress Granule Formation Mark the Cellular Response to Virus Infection
Authors: Alessia Ruggieri, Eva Dazert, Philippe Metz, Sarah Hofmann, Jan-Philip Bergeest, Johanna Mazur, Peter Bankhead, Marie-Sophie Hiet, Stephanie Kallis, Gualtiero Alvisi, Charles E. Samuel, Volker Lohmann, Lars Kaderali, Karl Rohr, Michael Frese, Georg Stoecklin, Ralf Bartenschlager
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
Survival Effects of Inferior Vena Cava Filter in Patients With Acute Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism and a Significant Bleeding Risk
Authors: Alfonso Muriel, David Jiménez, Drahomir Aujesky, Laurent Bertoletti, Herve Decousus, Silvy Laporte, Patrick Mismetti, Francisco J. Muñoz, Roger Yusen, Manuel Monreal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Pooled RCTs: BP-lowering drugs reduced major CV events; absolute reductions were greater with higher baseline risk
Authors: A.C. Felix Burden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation The Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration, Sundström J, Arima H, et al. Blood pressure-lowering treatment based on cardiovascular risk: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet. 2014;384:591-8. 25131978
Overcrowding in psychiatric hospitals.
Authors: V. S. Nehama
Journal: BMJ (1968)

MEDITALJSHkNAL 299 undesirable: brucellosisleptospirosis, and boutonneuse fever also are known as Medi- terranean fevers, and abdominal pain, not fever, is the outstanding feature.Episodes are not always unpredictable as stated, but recur regularly for years in some Israeli victims' and in many others.'Periodic precision can be demonstrated if events are registered continuously.Periodic fever is a separate entity.It does occur in Jewish people, in Aryans, Japanese, and Negroes.Amyloidosis has ensued.'Periodic fever, like periodic polyserositis, is rarely influenced by corticosteroid therapy.Aetiocholanolone has no causal relation to either disorder.'-I am, etc.,
Abstract PR04: Genomic and epigenomic interactions of an Ewing sarcoma-specific long noncoding RNA
Authors: Sheetal A. Mitra, Anirban P. Mitra, Jonathan D. Buckley, William A. May, Philipp Kapranov, Robert A. Arceci, Timothy J. Triche
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Ewing sarcoma is a highly invasive pediatric bone malignancy with a 30% 5-year survival rate for patients with metastatic disease. The EWS-FLI1 fusion gene is detected in 90% of these cases, and functions as a transcription factor that regulates oncogenesis-related gene expression. The functions of EWS-FLI1 and other oncogenes have been explored in the past to detect potential therapeutic targets. Here we report the functions and interactions of a long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) that is unique to Ewing sarcoma. Gene expression profiling studies identified a significant association of lincRNA, AK057037, with Ewing sarcoma. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and functional studies with EWS-FLI1 detected direct regulation of this multi-exonic, multivariant lincRNA by EWS-FLI1. Comparative RNA-seq analysis on primary and metastatic tumor cell lines showed increased transcriptional activity in the metastatic cell line. In vitro and in vivo functional studies with the lincRNA confirmed its role as an oncogene in promoting anchorage independence and metastasis of the Ewing sarcoma cell lines and xenograft models, respectively. Further, ChIP studies showed that AK057037 was bound to Ezh2, a methyltransferase in the polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2). ChIP-seq using histone antibodies showed changes in methylation pattern in promoter regions of genes affected by the lincRNA knockdown. In conclusion, the lincRNA AK057037 behaves as an oncogene in Ewing sarcoma. Its association with the PRC2 complex allows for chromatin remodeling such that it promotes metastasis by perturbing transcription of genes involved in migration in this malignancy. This abstract is also presented as Poster A33. Citation Format: Sheetal A. Mitra, Anirban P. Mitra, Jonathan D. Buckley, William A. May, Philipp Kapranov, Robert A. Arceci, Timothy J. Triche. Genomic and epigenomic interactions of an Ewing sarcoma-specific long noncoding RNA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR04.
THE MICHIGAN MEDICAL REGISTRATION LAW.
Authors: J. F. Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Parkinson's disease, I suppose is in¬ tended, as there is in this disease no paralysis) leu- corrhcea, marasmus, sleeplessness,loss of memory, loss of voice, timidity, despondency,hysteria, hypochron- dria, wheezing, difficult or painful parturition, and change of life.The medical press is loaded with tirades against admitting the non-educated into the profession, and yet the recommendations of this " Syrup " are signed by the best-educated physicians who have ever been produced in the whole civilized world.
Effect of Muscle Length on the Force-Velocity Relationship of Tetanized Cardiac Muscle
Authors: Robert Formon, Lincoln E. Ford, Edmund H. Sonnenblick
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Cat papillary muscles were tetanized with repetitive electrical stimulation in the presence of 10 mM caffeine and 10 mM calcium. Velocities were measured during the plateau of tetanus with quick releases to isotonic loads. The course of isotonic shortening was independent of time in the contraction cycle for at least 2 seconds after the attainment of peak isometric force. The force-velocity relationships were measured at different muscle lengths that had been corrected for series elastic extension. These lengths ranged from 75% to 90% of the passive length from which maximum force was developed. The data were fitted by a least-squares method with hyperbolas described by the Hill equation, each for a constant corrected muscle length. The extrapolated maximum velocities and isometric forces diminished together in almost direct proportion to muscle shortening. Corrections for the load borne by the parallel elastic elements did not significantly change the relationships between isometric force, maximum velocity, and muscle length. The results can be accounted for by two mechanisms: (1) an internal load and (2) deactivation of the contractile elements.
Contact allergy to corticosteroids: the results of a two-centre study
Authors: A. DOOMS-GOOSSENS, M.M.H.M. MEINARDI, J.D. BOS, H. DEGREEF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

We report a comparative study of the patch-test results obtained with a corticosteroid series, added to the standard series, in two centres, one in Belgium and the other in the Netherlands. The frequencies of positive reactions to the corticosteroids differed considerably between the two centres, and we suggest several reasons for this.
Salty sweat and ichthyosis in Addison's disease.
Authors: H L Chan, H M Gwee
Journal: BMJ (1977)

81suggests, as do our data, that responses to 1-x-OHD, and I-ax, 25-(OH)2D, are different enough to have important implications in treatment.Although hypercalcaemia remains a serious risk with all vitamin D derivatives the rapid reversal that is possible after I-x, 25-(OH),D, treatment makes this agent preferable to calciferol and possibly to 1-x-OHD,.This is particularly so in patients in whom hypercalcaemia is most likely to be troublesome -for example, those with precarious renal function, or those in whom hypercalcaemia has been previously induced.
THE PRESENCE OF PLASMA INHIBITORS DURING THE CRISIS PHENOMENON IN EXPERIMENTAL RELAPSING FEVER (BORRELIA NOVYI)
Authors: Ornella Calabi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

The intensity and duration of Borrelia novyi infection in rats depends upon the dose of spirochetes administered. The spirochetemia in response to an inoculum of 1 x 10(8) spirochetes/kg. characteristically reaches a peak of 4 to 5 million organisms per c.mm. of blood at about 72 hours. Resolution of the primary infection occurs within 48 hours after the peak counts have been observed, with crisis ending at 100 to 120 hours after inoculation. Treatment of the acute infection, so standardized, by 10 ml./kg. of crisis plasma intraperitoneally delays the onset of the spirochetemia 76 to 140 hours, and reduces the maximal spirochetal count 10(-3) to 10(-6) that of the unmodified controls. This is evidence that inhibitor is present in the plasma at the time of crisis and plays a role in limiting the primary infection and subsequent relapses. The activity of crisis plasma is not destroyed by freezing, or after storage at 4 degrees C. for 4 days. Fractions I + II + III and IV + V+ VI from crisis plasma, obtained by method 10 of Cohn et al., were also effective in suppressing the acute spirochetemia, but differed in duration and effectiveness. The first of these was about as potent as the undiluted whole plasma, and the second about as potent as plasma diluted 1:4.
Elevated Maternal Hemoglobin A<sub>1C</sub>in Early Pregnancy and Major Congenital Anomalies in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Edith Miller, John W. Hare, John P. Cloherty, Peter J. Dunn, Ray E. Gleason, J. Stuart Soeldner, John L. Kitzmiller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

PERINATAL mortality has decreased in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus.1 As losses from stillbirths, intrapartum asphyxia, and hyaline-membrane disease diminish, major congenital anomalies emerge as the most important causes of mortality in infants of diabetic mothers.1 , 2 The overall incidence of major anomalies was 6 to 9 per cent in several large studies of such infants1 2 3 — three to four times that found in a general neonatal population.4 Fetal malformations occur before eight weeks of gestation (postmenstrual dates), when most diabetic pregnant women have not yet come to medical attention.5 Until recently, there has been no objective method to assess control . . .