tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Method of Proctology
Authors: Louis Malow
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>A Method of Proctology</i>was written, according to the author, as a practical book on the management of anorectal diseases. The material is nicely presented, ie, large legible type, outlines of diseases and treatments, plus interesting and famous quotations with each chapter. This book is excellent for the student, internist, and family practitioner but certainly is too basic and not very informative or of interest to the colorectal or anorectal specialist. The recommendations for treatment of various conditions and diseases are based only on the author's personal experience and preferred methods and therefore do not include, for better or for worse, methods advocated by other physicians with experience in this particular field. Newer procedures such as operative techniques and staging for carcinomas have not been included. I agree with the author that his descriptions of how to and when to treat and manage anorectal problems are presented in a concise
Interpretive Reporting in Clinical Pathology
Authors: Carl E. Speicher
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A GOOD clinical history and physical examination have always been the basis for sound medical diagnosis and management. Modern medicine has extended this data base through a wide variety of techniques, of which clinical laboratory studies play a major role. These studies have grown explosively, and the accompanying paperwork can overwhelm the laboratory and the clinician. Thick patient charts bulging with laboratory reports threaten the ability of busy clinicians to find the information For editorial comment see p 1554. they require. Computer-generated reports have not yet solved the problem. Attempts by the laboratory to assist the clinician in managing these data have included marking abnormal results with asterisks, printing reference values adjacent to test results, grouping of data by system or organ,<sup>1</sup>displaying data in more informative ways,<sup>2</sup>suggesting diagnostic possibilities,<sup>3</sup>making interpretive comments,<sup>4</sup>and suggesting additional studies or performing additional studies automatically.<sup>5</sup> In this
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT VERSUS SURGICAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN A LOW TO INTERMEDIATE RISK POPULATION
Authors: Conrad Macon, Vikas Singh, Brian O’Neill, Cesia Gallegos Kattan, Tanyanan Tanawuttiwat, Thomas Lucero, Roger Carrillo, Donald B. Williams, William O’Neill, Alan Heldman, Claudia Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Mauricio Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Safety and efficacy of imatinib cessation for CML patients with stable undetectable minimal residual disease: results from the TWISTER study
Authors: David M. Ross, Susan Branford, John F. Seymour, Anthony P. Schwarer, Christopher Arthur, David T. Yeung, Phuong Dang, Jarrad M. Goyne, Cassandra Slader, Robin J. Filshie, Anthony K. Mills, Junia V. Melo, Deborah L. White, Andrew P. Grigg, Timothy P. Hughes
Journal: Blood (2013)
Navigating the Choices for Diabetes Prevention
Authors: David M. Nathan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The global epidemic of type 2 diabetes has prompted a large number of clinical trials aimed at reducing its incidence.1 Not surprisingly, addressing the underlying lifestyle behaviors — overeating and inactivity — that result in obesity, the primary cause of the epidemic, has had a major and consistent effect in reducing the cumulative incidence of diabetes. In addition, lifestyle interventions have reduced the cardiovascular risk factors that typically accompany the prediabetic and diabetic states.2,3 Several drugs that are used to treat diabetes have also been studied as a means of reducing the incidence of the development of diabetes. Metformin, . . .
A Glucose Electrode Using High-Stability Glucose-Oxidase Collagen Membranes
Authors: Daniel R Thévenot, Robert Sternberg, Pierre Coulet
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

A very sensitive glucose electrode was developed using a glucose-oxidase membrane and an anodically polarized platinum disk. Calibration curves were linear over 4.5 concentration decades. It was adapted for human blood samples. The lifetime of glucose-oxidase collagen membranes was greater than 3 yr at 4 degrees C and was approximately 6 mo at 20-30 degrees C.
Abstract 4411: Novel internalizing human scFvs targeting pancreatic tumor cells residing in their natural tissue microenvironment
Authors: Xiaodong Zhu, Jiang He, Xiaoju Zhang, Yue Liu, Guixi Zheng, Jinjin Feng, Yang Su, Grace Kim, Margaret Tempero, Bin Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States with a five-year survival rate of about 4%. Current diagnostic and therapeutic regimens are limited and ineffective. The goal of this project is to develop novel internalizing human antibodies that target pancreatic tumor cells residing within their natural tissue microenvironment, and possess the ability to translocate through the cell membrane to reach the inside of live tumor cells. Antibodies with these two properties, i.e., being able to target tumor cells in human tissue specimen and to penetrate live tumor cells, can in the future be used to develop minimally invasive imaging strategy for earlier detection and targeted therapy that requires efficient and specific accumulation of payloads inside tumor cells. To achieve this objective, we have selected a large naïve phage antibody display library that we have recently constructed on microdissected human PDAC tissue specimens. We have identified a panel of internalizing human single chain antibodies (scFvs) that target pancreatic tumor cells in situ residing in their natural tissue microenvironment. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that these scFvs bound to human PDAC, thereby recognizing clinically represented tumor antigens as opposed to cell line artifacts. All antibodies studied are internalized by PDAC cells in vitro. Using single photon emission computed tomography / computed tomography (SPECT/CT), we showed that technetium-labeled scFvs target human xenograft PDAC cells in vivo. Interestingly, a subset of these scFvs also target murine pancreatic tumor cell lines derived from transgenic PDAC mice, indicating that they target tumor epitopes conserved between human and mouse. Antibodies targeting tumor antigens across species would allow future imaging and therapy studies to be performed not only in xenograft but also transgenic PDAC models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4411.
Perspectives on New Recommendations for Nonoccupational HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Roland C. Merchant
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A prospective audit against national standards of the presentation and management of acute pancreatitis in the South of England
Authors: S K C Toh
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The incidence of acute pancreatitis shows regional variations in the UK. <h3>AIMS</h3> To document the incidence and presentation of acute pancreatitis in hospitals in Wessex, and to audit the process and outcome of management of patients against the UK guidelines. <h3>METHODS</h3> A prospective survey was carried out of all patients with acute pancreatitis in a one year period, in eight geographically adjacent acute hospitals in the Wessex region. <h3>RESULTS</h3> 186 patients with acute pancreatitis were identified, an incidence of 152 per million in the adult population. Aetiology was: gallstones 33%, alcohol 20%, idiopathic 32%, other 15%. There were 60 severe cases with 17 deaths. Age and APACHE-II score had significant relations to outcome, but delay to admission, serum amylase level, aetiology, and sex did not. The mortality rate (9.1%) was within the audit standard of 10%. Some management goals were not met: in mild cases, only one third of patients with gallstone pancreatitis had definitive treatment within four weeks. In severe cases, there was poor use of objective severity stratification (19%), low admission rates to a high dependency unit or intensive care unit (67%), and only 33% of patients had computed tomography. Only seven of 17 patients with severe gallstone pancreatitis had an urgent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The incidence of clinically diagnosed acute pancreatitis in England continues to rise. Current management of acute pancreatitis is suboptimal when compared with evidence based UK guidelines but the mortality rate was within the guideline standard.
Interaction Between Nalidixic Acid and Warfarin
Authors: JONATHAN LEOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1987Interaction Between Nalidixic Acid and WarfarinJONATHAN LEOR, M.D., DAVID LEVARTOWSKY, M.D., CHARLOTTE SHARON, M.D.JONATHAN LEOR, M.D., DAVID LEVARTOWSKY, M.D., CHARLOTTE SHARON, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-4-601_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Nalidixic acid, the prototype of the quinolones family, is used extensively as an antimicrobial agent for urinary tract infections. The following case report suggests that nalidixic acid given to patients on long-term warfarin therapy can cause potentially dangerous over-anticoagulation. It is important to report this interaction due to the recent introduction of the new fluroquinolone agents structurally related to nalidixic acid.A 71-year-old woman with mitral stenosis, chronic atrial fibrillation, and thromboembolic phenomena, began warfarin treatment 6 years ago. Her regular dose was between 2.5 to 5 mg/d. The prothrombin time was well controlled within the acceptable...References1. HOFFBRAND B. Interaction of nalidixic acid and warfarin [Letter]. Br Med J. 1974;2:666. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. POTASMANBASSAN IH. Nicoumalone and nalidixic acid interaction [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92:571. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SELLERKOCH-WESER EJ. Displacement of warfarin from human albumin by diazoxide and ethacrynic mefenamic, and nalidixic acids. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1970;11:524-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JONATHAN LEOR, M.D.; DAVID LEVARTOWSKY, M.D.; CHARLOTTE SHARON, M.D.Affiliations: Tel-Aviv University Tel-Hashomer, Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCoumarin anticoagulantsANTICOAGULANTS, THROMBOLYTIC AGENTS, AND ANTI-PLATELET DRUGSCoumarin anticoagulantsThe safety of levofloxacin in elderly patients on warfarinMoxifloxacin—Warfarin Interaction: A Series of Five Case ReportsLevofloxacin and Warfarin InteractionINTERACTIONS OF WARFARINDrug Interactions with Antimicrobial AgentsEffect of ciprofloxacin on the hypoprothrombinemic activity of warfarin in ratsReaders' ForumCiprofloxacin interaction with sodium warfarin: A potentially dangerous side effectFluoroquinolone-drug interactions: An overviewDrug-drug interactions with ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolonesNorfloxacin and WarfarinTerry Linville, MD, Dean Matanin, PharmDOfloxacin and WarfarinJonathan Leor, MD, Shlomo Matetzki, MDDrug Interactions and Adverse Reactions 1 October 1987Volume 107, Issue 4Page: 601-601KeywordsAntimicrobialsAtrial fibrillationMitral stenosisProthrombin time ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
BASAL VERSUS HYPEREMIC CONDITIONS FOR PHYSIOLOGICAL STENOSIS SEVERITY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Martijn A. Van Lavieren, Tim van de Hoef, Ricardo Petraco da Cunha, Sukhjinder Nijjer, Sayan Sen, José Henriques, Karel T. Koch, Robbert de Winter, Jan Tijssen, Martijn Meuwissen, Justin Davies, Jan Piek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Patient Income Level and Cancer Clinical Trial Participation
Authors: Joseph M. Unger, Dawn L. Hershman, Kathy S. Albain, Carol M. Moinpour, Judith A. Petersen, Kenda Burg, John J. Crowley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Studies have shown an association between socioeconomic status (SES) and quality of oncology care, but less is known about the impact of patient SES on clinical trial participation.We assessed clinical trial participation patterns according to important SES (income, education) and demographic factors in a large sample of patients surveyed via an Internet-based treatment decision tool. Logistic regression, conditioning on type of cancer, was used. Attitudes toward clinical trials were assessed using prespecified items about treatment, treatment tolerability, convenience, and cost.From 2007 to 2011, 5,499 patients were successfully surveyed. Forty percent discussed clinical trials with their physician, 45% of discussions led to physician offers of clinical trial participation, and 51% of offers led to clinical trial participation. The overall clinical trial participation rate was 9%. In univariate models, older patients (P = .002) and patients with lower income (P = .001) and education (P = .02) were less likely to participate in clinical trials. In a multivariable model, income remained a statistically significant predictor of clinical trial participation (odds ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.94; P = .01). Even in patients age ≥ 65 years, who have universal access to Medicare, lower income predicted lower trial participation. Cost concerns were much more evident among lower-income patients (P < .001).Lower-income patients were less likely to participate in clinical trials, even when considering age group. A better understanding of why income is a barrier may help identify ways to make clinical trials better available to all patients and would increase the generalizability of clinical trial results across all income levels.
US medical school faculty still break conflict of interest rules, report says
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

ProPublica, an independent, non-profit investigative journalism project, reported that although medical schools have strengthened their rules about faculty members’ interactions with drug companies, some doctors still break their institutions’ conflict of interest rules.

The report is part of ProPublica’s Dollars for Docs project, which it launched in October 2010 ( BMJ 2010;341:c6026; doi:10.1136/bmj.c6026).

The recent report said that some medical schools with tough conflict of interest policies were not checking to make sure faculty members followed the rules. It pointed to Stanford University, among others, saying that faculty members had not disclosed ties to drug and device companies.

ProPublica noted that Stanford University in California was one of the first medical schools to try to separate drug company influence from faculty. It banned sales representatives, stopped provision of free meals by drug companies, and pharma labelled devices, and last year forbade its doctors to give talks sponsored by drug companies. But, ProPublica noted in its story of 19 December, “more than …
Separation of Stratum Corneum
Authors: A. Gafoor, K. M. S. Townsend
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article Separation of Stratum Corneum Get access A. Gafoor, A. Gafoor Department of Microbiology Vick Intemational, Slough Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. M. S. Townsend K. M. S. Townsend Department of Microbiology Vick Intemational, Slough Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 5, 1 November 1972, Page 516, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb01606.x Published: 01 November 1972
Alloantigen-presenting plasmacytoid dendritic cells mediate tolerance to vascularized grafts
Authors: Jordi C Ochando, Chiho Homma, Yu Yang, Andres Hidalgo, Alexandre Garin, Frank Tacke, Veronique Angeli, Yansui Li, Peter Boros, Yaozhong Ding, Rolf Jessberger, Giorgio Trinchieri, Sergio A Lira, Gwendalyn J Randolph, Jonathan S Bromberg
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Abstract 1687: Carcinogen induced inflammation and pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sandeep Kadekar, Ilona Silins, Johan Hogberg, Kristian Dreij, Ulla Stenius
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract National Toxicology Program (NTP) performs two-year cancer bioassays. We have analyzed the NTP rat data base and searched for gender differences in susceptibility to carcinogens. We identified 10 chemicals that induced exocrine pancreatic cancer in male rats only, but found no chemical that induced pancreatic cancer in female rats only. Furthermore, males were most affected by three chemicals that induced pancreatic cancer in both sexes. In an effort to understand this sex difference in susceptibility, we used a tool which builds on the technology published in BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10, 303. This tool was built to assist cancer risk assessors in the analysis of literature data on modes of action (MOA). We used this tool in the analysis of 2041 PubMed abstracts on the 10 male-specific carcinogens. The tool automatically selected 634 abstracts as relevant for cancer and sorted them in taxonomies. The sorting suggested that induction of oxidative stress and inflammation was a common feature among the 10 carcinogens. As chronic pancreatitis is a risk factor for human exocrine pancreatic cancer, we investigated the effects of the 10 carcinogens on Ca2+ signaling and on inflammatory markers in pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1. It was found that many the 10 male specific carcinogens rapidly increased intracellular [Ca2+] and interfered with extracellular ATP-induced Ca2+ release in Panc-1 cells. The effect on [Ca2+] was followed by activation of calcineurin and phosphorylation of Erk. Some of these effects were blocked by inhibitors of the purinergic P2X7 receptor, a receptor which may rapidly increase intracellular [Ca2+]. We further studied the induction of mRNA levels of inflammatory mediators, and found that IL8 was significantly up-regulated by most of the 10 chemicals. Our data suggest that inflammation is important for chemically induced exocrine pancreatic cancer in the rat and that male rats are more susceptible. Our data may have a bearing on human pancreatic cancer as men, and in particular young men, have a higher incidence of pancreatic cancer than women. Increased levels of the P2X7 receptor has also been detected in chronic pancreatitis in humans. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1687.
Cholera in Post-Revolutionary Paris: A Cultural History
Authors: Toby Gelfand
Journal: JAMA (1997)

ABSTRACT Few diseases have received as much attention from historians as cholera. More than the bubonic plague of the early modern period or the AIDS  of our postmodern age, the cholera epidemics that appeared intermittently in Europe and North America during the last two thirds of the 19th century have been studied intensively, forming a body of scholarship that the author of this work characterizes punningly as an epidemic of scholera. Undaunted by the accumulated histories of cholera over the past 35 years, including several studies of the Paris  of 1832, Catherine Kudlick has not only added to historical knowledge and interpretation of this specific ailment, but she has presented a challenging, fresh methodology for situating  disease in society and culture.Exploiting the recurrent epidemics of cholera as windows into 19th century urban politics and society or catalysts for change, notably public health reform, has been a major
Responses of isolated dog arteries to amrinone
Authors: N. TODA, M. NAKAJIMA, K. NISHIMURA, M. MIYAZAKI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1984)

Helically-cut strips of dog cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, renal and femoral arteries contracted with prostaglandin (PG) F2α or K+ responded to amrinone (10−5 to 10−4 mol·litre−1) with relaxation, which was not influenced by treatment with propranolol, atropine, cimetidine, aminophylline or aspirin. The contractile response of mesenteric arteries to transmural electrical stimulation (2, 5 and 20 Hz) and noradrenaline was attenuated by amrinone (3 × 10−5 and 10−4 mol·litre−1); the attenuation of the response to nerve stimulation and noradrenaline did not significantly differ. Ca2+ -induced contractions in mesenteric arteries exposed to Ca2+ -free media and depolarised by excess K+ were inhibited by amrinone, and the inhibition could not be reversed by the addition of excess Ca2+. Treatment with amrinone potentiated the relaxant responses of mesenteric arteries to adenosine but did not alter the response to isoprenaline. Amrinone in concentrations sufficient to produce moderate and marked relaxation did not significantly alter the content of cyclic AMP in mesenteric arteries. Attenuation by amrinone of the contractile response to transmural stimulation, noradrenaline and Ca2+ and the relaxation of a variety of arteries induced by amrinone may not be due to interference with the transmembrane influx of Ca2+ and intracellular accumulation of cyclic AMP but to a nonspecific action on arterial smooth muscle. Amrinone appears to increase the metabolic vasodilatation by potentiating the vasodilator action of adenosine.