tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5392: High-throughput screening of compounds for targeting system Xc(-) in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Han-xin Lin, Jennifer Fazzari, Katja Linher-Melville, Gurmit Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Breast cancer cells often metastasize to bone, causing severe and untreatable pain, which greatly compromises the quality of life of patients. We discovered that breast cancer cells secrete large amounts of glutamate via an amino acid antiporter Xc(-). Glutamate is an important neurotransmitter that has been associated with pain and it is also critical in bone metabolic remodeling. Excessive glutamate secreted by invading breast cancer cells can cause excitotoxic injury to bone neurons, disturb bone homeostasis, and activate or sensitize nociceptors, thereby causing acute and chronic pain. Another important activity of system Xc(-) is the import of cystine into cells, which is critical for antioxidant defence mechanism in cancer cells. These make system Xc(-) a potential target to overcome breast cancer induced-pain and sensitize cancer cells to oxidative damage. A cell-based Amplex red glutamate assay was optimized and miniaturized to be compatible with high throughput screening (HTS) setting. The library for screening is the Canadian Compound Collection containing ∼30,000 compounds. We utilized the blockade of glutamate release to identify potential compounds. We identified 320 compounds that effectively inhibit glutamate release of human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231. However on closer scrutiny and stringent conditions we narrowed our potential compounds to 8 for further characterization. These compounds were tested in vitro for cytotoxicity and dose response effects on glutamate release. In conclusion we have identified several lead compounds for in vivo pain monitoring tests. Information obtained from this study will not only advance our understanding of the role of system Xc(-) in breast cancer cells, but also help design novel drugs for blocking breast cancer induced-bone pain, thereby improving the quality of life for breast cancer patients. (This project was supported by Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation-Ontario) Citation Format: Han-xin Lin, Jennifer Fazzari, Katja Linher-Melville, Gurmit Singh. High-throughput screening of compounds for targeting system Xc(-) in human breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5392. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5392
Morris Fishbein, M.D.: An Autobiography
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In any story of American medicine, the place of Morris Fishbein is secure. From 1913 to 1949 he played an important part in the American Medical Association—for the first ten years he served as assistant editor ofThe Journal, and after that, as editor. He demonstrated himself a man of great ability and stupendous energy, a vigorous and effective editor, a prolific writer, an outstanding raconteur and speaker, a person of strong opinions forcibly expressed in both speeches and writings, a crusader against quackery. Indeed, so manifold were his activities and at the same time so widely dispersed, that for 25 years he probably contributed more than any other single person to shaping the popular image of organized medicine in America. When prominent people write autobiographies, two advantages may accrue. The first is a personal dimension: a man's own story will indicate what manner of man he is. The second
Conflict of Interest Policies for Academic Health System Leaders Who Work With Outside Corporations
Authors: Etta D. Pisano, Robert N. Golden, Laura Schweitzer
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Famotidine vs Antacid on Gastric Acidity: Onset of Action and Symptom Relief-Reply
Authors: Mark Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —As indicated in the acknowledgment section of my article, this study was designed with help from Dr Decktor himself. The study was a pharmacodynamic investigation in normal volunteers and not a symptom-relief study in patients with heartburn. Drs Decktor and Ciccone cite internal documents that suggest the onset of action of 10 mg of famotidine for significant heartburn relief may be more rapid than the onset of action for significant acid reduction in my pharmacodynamic study. Apparent onset of action is related not only to experimental design, but also to sample size. In my pharmacodynamic study (n=18) and that of Laskin et al<sup>1</sup>(n=2), apparent onset of action with 10 mg of famotidine was approximately 90 minutes. In the personal communication and internal report referred to by Decktor and Ciccone, sample size was much larger, perhaps making it easier to show significant differences between placebo and famotidine at earlier
Molecular targets for tendon neoformation
Authors: Hadi Aslan, Nadav Kimelman-Bleich, Gadi Pelled, Dan Gazit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Tendons and ligaments are unique forms of connective tissue that are considered an integral part of the musculoskeletal system. The ultimate function of tendon is to connect muscles to bones and to conduct the forces generated by muscle contraction into movements of the joints, whereas ligaments connect bone to bone and provide joint stabilization. Unfortunately, the almost acellular and collagen I–rich structure of tendons and ligaments makes them very poorly regenerating tissues. Injured tendons and ligaments are considered a major clinical challenge in orthopedic and sports medicine. This Review discusses the several factors that might serve as molecular targets that upon activation can enhance or lead to tendon neoformation.
Dutch government demands reimbursement for charity worker's ransom
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The Dutch Foreign Ministry is suing medical aid organisation Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) for €1m (£0.7m, $1.2m) that it claims it merely “advanced” to secure the release of kidnapped aid worker Arjan Erkel in April.

The aid organisation is refusing to pay, however, saying it was not party to any deal and arguing governments must take responsibility for protecting aid workers.

Erkel, a Dutch citizen, was kidnapped by armed gunmen in the Russian Caucasian republic of Dagestan in August 2002. He was released this year after 20 months in captivity. The government and MSF give differing accounts …
Qualitative analysis of psychosocial impact of diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis: implications for screening
Authors: B. Duncan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To investigate the psychosocial impact for women of a diagnosis of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and discuss the implications for the proposed UK chlamydia screening programme. <b>Design:</b> Qualitative study with semistructured interviews. Interview transcripts analysed to identify recurrent themes. <b>Participants:</b> Seventeen women with a current or recent diagnosis of chlamydia. <b>Setting:</b> A family planning clinic and a genitourinary medicine clinic in Glasgow. <b>Results:</b> Three themes were identified: perceptions of stigma associated with sexually transmitted infection, uncertainty about reproductive health after diagnosis, and anxieties regarding partner9s reaction to diagnosis. Most women had not previously perceived sexually transmitted infections as personally relevant; this was a function of stereotypical beliefs about who was "at risk" of sexually transmitted infection. These beliefs were pervasive and negatively affected reactions to diagnosis and produced anxiety about disclosure of the condition to others (particularly sexual partners) and future reproductive morbidity. This anxiety, given the uncertain natural history of chlamydia, may prove difficult to dispel. <b>Conclusions:</b> There are three primary areas of concern for women after a diagnosis of chlamydia which need to be examined in the proposed screening programme. Information provided should normalise and destigmatise chlamydial infection and positively promote genitourinary medicine services. Support services should be available because notification of partner can cause anxiety. Uncertainty about future reproductive morbidity may be inevitable; staff providing screening will require guidance in providing advice under such conditions.
Decreased Neointimal Thickening After Arterial Wall Injury in Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Knockout Mice
Authors: Kuang-Yuh Chyu, Paul Dimayuga, Jenny Zhu, Jan Nilsson, Sanjay Kaul, Prediman K. Shah, Bojan Cercek
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —Mechanical injury in vivo results in the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the role of iNOS in modulating neointima formation after arterial wall injury is not clear. To determine whether the induction of iNOS gene expression promotes or attenuates the neointimal response to injury, we used a murine model of perivascular injury induced by placing a periadventitial collar around the carotid arteries in both wild-type and iNOS knockout mice (iNOS-KO mice). Periadventitial injury induced iNOS expression in the wild-type but not the iNOS-KO mice. Neointimal area and the intima/media ratio were significantly less in the iNOS-KO mice compared with the wild-type mice at 21 days. Injury-induced proliferation of medial cells and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression were also attenuated in iNOS-KO mice compared with wild-type mice. The induction of iNOS and the activation of the nuclear factor-κB–mediated pathway were also demonstrated in an in vitro injury model. We conclude that mechanical injury in vivo and in vitro induces iNOS expression and that lack of iNOS expression attenuates neointima formation after perivascular arterial injury. Taken together, these findings suggest that iNOS expression after vascular injury may promote neointima formation.
Enhancement of Myocardial Regeneration Through Genetic Engineering of Cardiac Progenitor Cells Expressing Pim-1 Kinase
Authors: Kimberlee M. Fischer, Christopher T. Cottage, Weitao Wu, Shabana Din, Natalie A. Gude, Daniele Avitabile, Pearl Quijada, Brett L. Collins, Jenna Fransioli, Mark A. Sussman
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Despite numerous studies demonstrating the efficacy of cellular adoptive transfer for therapeutic myocardial regeneration, problems remain for donated cells with regard to survival, persistence, engraftment, and long-term benefits. This study redresses these concerns by enhancing the regenerative potential of adoptively transferred cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) via genetic engineering to overexpress Pim-1, a cardioprotective kinase that enhances cell survival and proliferation.Intramyocardial injections of CPCs overexpressing Pim-1 were given to infarcted female mice. Animals were monitored over 4, 12, and 32 weeks to assess cardiac function and engraftment of Pim-1 CPCs with echocardiography, in vivo hemodynamics, and confocal imagery. CPCs overexpressing Pim-1 showed increased proliferation and expression of markers consistent with cardiogenic lineage commitment after dexamethasone exposure in vitro. Animals that received CPCs overexpressing Pim-1 also produced greater levels of cellular engraftment, persistence, and functional improvement relative to control CPCs up to 32 weeks after delivery. Salutary effects include reduction of infarct size, greater number of c-kit(+) cells, and increased vasculature in the damaged region.Myocardial repair is significantly enhanced by genetic engineering of CPCs with Pim-1 kinase. Ex vivo gene delivery to enhance cellular survival, proliferation, and regeneration may overcome current limitations of stem cell-based therapeutic approaches.
Epidemiological characterization of the intermittent and persistent types of allergic rhinitis
Authors: V. Bauchau, S. R. Durham
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: A new classification of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been proposed by the allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) workgroup. The validity of this new classification is still largely unknown, especially the extent to which it differs from the classical seasonal/perennial (SAR/PAR) classification, and how and whether intermittent and persistent types of AR, as defined by ARIA, differ from each other. Methods: Two‐step cross‐sectional, population‐based, in six Western Europe countries; telephone interview followed by clinical diagnosis [including specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) measurements] in a selected subset. Results: Within the population with AR, 29% of the subjects had persistent AR. There was no association between the intermittent/persistent and the SAR/PAR classifications. Subjects with persistent AR had more severe symptoms, and higher rate of self‐awareness and previous diagnosis of AR; they were also clearly distinct in their sensitization pattern and medication use. Conclusions: The classic types of SAR/PAR cannot be used interchangeably with the new classification of intermittent/persistent, as they do not represent the same stratum of disease. There is also evidence that the persistent type describes a distinct group with characteristics that differentiates them from intermittent AR. These results support the validity of the new ARIA classification.
287 COMPREHENSIVE PHENOTYPING OF REGULATORY T CELLS FROM PATIENTS AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION REVEALS DISTINCT T-REG PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH GRAFT HEPATITIS AND REJECTION
Authors: A. Gronert, P. Fytili, C. Meyer-Heithuis, J. Klempnauer, E. Jaeckel, M.P. Manns, M. Cornberg, H. Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Expression of TAAs in glioblastoma and expansion of anti-TAA -reactive T cells
Authors: Ernest Dodoo, Liu zhenjiang, Bartek Jiri, Oscar Persson, Qingda Meng, Thomas Poiret, Lalit Rane, Christopher Illies, Julia Karbach, Elke Jäger, Markus Maeurer
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Active cellular therapy (ACT) using ex-vivo expanded T cells from patients with cancer, obtained by apheresis, can represent a viable source for anti-cancer directed cellular therapy. TAAs expressed in glioblastoma may represent attractive targets for i) CARS, ii) transgenic T
GUNSHOT WOUNDS OF THE ABDOMEN
Authors: MAURICE KAHN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The greater relative frequency of gunshot wounds of the abdomen in civil practice than in military practice is explicable by the closer range, and by the more accurate aim of the assailant in civil life. Younge<sup>1</sup>reports 1,053 rifle-ball wounds occurring in the Boer War, of which 92 (9 per cent.) were of the head, 85 (8 per cent.) of the chest and 66 (6 per cent.) of the abdomen. My own experience, limited to civil practice, consists of 41 cases, of which 13 (31 per cent.) were of the head, 8 (19 per cent.) of the chest and 13 (31 per cent.) of the abdomen. The wound of entry is usually to be found in the anterior or lateral aspect of the abdomen, though the bullet may enter from the back, and not infrequently bullet wounds of the chest also penetrate the abdomen. Two patients in this series
Use of GRADE for assessment of evidence about prognosis: rating confidence in estimates of event rates in broad categories of patients
Authors: A. Iorio, F. A. Spencer, M. Falavigna, C. Alba, E. Lang, B. Burnand, T. McGinn, J. Hayden, K. Williams, B. Shea, R. Wolff, T. Kujpers, P. Perel, P. O. Vandvik, P. Glasziou, H. Schunemann, G. Guyatt
Journal: BMJ (2015)

This paper provides guidance for the use of the GRADE approach to determine confidence
Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia in Association with Air Pollution at Levels below Current Air Quality Guidelines
Authors: Ebba Malmqvist, Kristina Jakobsson, Håkan Tinnerberg, Anna Rignell-Hydbom, Lars Rylander
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Several studies have estimated associations between air pollution and birth outcomes, but few have evaluated potential effects on pregnancy complications.Objective: We investigated whether low-level exposure to air pollution is associated with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia.Methods: High-quality registry information on 81,110 singleton pregnancy outcomes in southern Sweden during 1999–2005 was linked to individual-level exposure estimates with high spatial resolution. Modeled exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx), expressed as mean concentrations per trimester, and proximity to roads of different traffic densities were used as proxy indicators of exposure to combustion-related air pollution. The data were analyzed by logistic regression, with and without adjusting for potential confounders.Results: The prevalence of gestational diabetes increased with each NOx quartile, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.41, 2.03) for the highest (&gt; 22.7 µg/m3) compared with the lowest quartile (2.5–8.9 µg/m3) of exposure during the second trimester. The adjusted OR for acquiring preeclampsia after exposure during the third trimester was 1.51 (1.32, 1.73) in the highest quartile of NOx compared with the lowest. Both outcomes were associated with high traffic density, but ORs were significant for gestational diabetes only.Conclusion: NOx exposure during pregnancy was associated with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia in an area with air pollution levels below current air quality guidelines.
Adult Ovarian Retinoblastoma Genomic ProfileAdult Ovarian Retinoblastoma
Authors: Marc H. Levin, Joan M. O’Brien
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Shui Yen Soh, MB, BS, Helen Dimaras, PhD, Abha Gupta, MD, Diane Rushlow, BS, Carol Swallow, MD, PhD, Michael Crump, MD, William Halliday, MD, John J. Doyle, MD, Paul Babyn, MD, Elise Heon, MD, Brenda L. Gallie, MD, Helen S. L. Chan, MB, BS
OBSERVATIONS ON CHOLERA
Authors: S. Wilks
Journal: BMJ (1854)

Intravascular large B cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) presents various neurological symptoms, and the prognosis frequently deteriorates with a delay in diagnosis. In addition, for the diagnosis of IVLBCL, invasive biopsies are generally performed in main organs, such as the brain. We report a case of IVLBCL in which an early diagnosis was enabled by skin biopsy. The patient in this case had cauda equine syndrome and had developed multiple brain infarctions. She received six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) treatment and is currently in complete remission. At the macroscopic level, her lesions resembled senile angioma, commonly observed in normal elderly persons. Eruptions of this type are not currently recognised as IVLBCL lesions and might easily be overlooked. In cases in which IVLBCL could be suspected, an active search and biopsy of skin lesions, including an eruption of this type, are useful for early diagnosis and treatment.
Early Detection of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus
Authors: M. Yoshida, H. Ide, A. Yamada, M. Endo
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

Fifty-two cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the esophagus were studied with respect to their origin and features in the early stage. The origin of the tumor was determined in 12 cases. Six cases arose in Barrett's esophagus, 5 cases in esophageal glands, and one case in ectopic gastric mucosa. The postoperative prognosis was closely related to the invasion to the adventitia. Tumors with no adventitial invasion showed excellent results, and their early detection is recommended. Submucosal tumors arising in Barrett's epithelium or in leading ducts of esophageal glands presented as small elevated lesions at endoscopy. On the other hand, tumors arising in submucosal glands showed diffuse infiltration into the esophageal wall and were difficult to detect in the early stage. Endoscopic examination aided by the staining method or brush cytology is recommended.
HYPERTENSION ASSOCIATED WITH ALLERGY
Authors: GEORGE L. WALDBOTT
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Analysis of the vast amount of literature accumulated on the subject of essential hypertension makes it evident that many investigators share the opinion of Bell and Clawson,<sup>1</sup>who think that a uniform explanation of this clinical syndrome cannot be upheld at the present stage of our knowledge. Regardless of the cause, however, the mechanism is generally considered to be a vascular contraction, with some exciting agent producing the spasm. Some<sup>2</sup>assume a "hypothetic pressure substance" to be present in the blood, which contracts the wall of the arterioles. Others<sup>3</sup>are inclined to believe in a disturbance of the sympathetic nervous system as the main etiologic factor. While capillary spasm has thus been identified with hypertension, a number of clinicians working in the field of allergy hold that a similar mechanism is responsible for certain manifestations of allergy. Vaughan<sup>4</sup>states that "angiospasm is the characteristic phenomen of
ABILITY OF CALCIUM BIS ACETYL HOMOTAURINE, A GABA AGONIST, TO PREVENT RELAPSE IN WEANED ALCOHOLICS
Authors: Jean-Pierre Lhuintre, NicholasD. Moore, Christian Saligaut, Francis Boismare, Martine Daoust, Pierre Chretien, Gilles Tran, Bernard Hillemand
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
False Memories, Lasting Scars
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal