tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sex dependent differences in physiological ageing in the immune system of lower airways in healthy non-smoking volunteers: study of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood
Authors: E Mund
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Background-Age related changes in the immune system have been studied frequently but a possible relation to sex has not, to our knowledge, previously been examined.The eVect of age and sex on the composition of lymphocyte subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood was therefore examined.Methods-Bronchoscopy with lavage was performed in 32 healthy non-atopic, nonsmoking volunteers (16 women aged 26-63 years (mean 44) and 16 men aged 23-63 years (mean 39)).Cytospin preparations for diVerential counts of BAL fluid cells and surface antigen expression of lymphocytes from BAL fluid and blood were analysed by flow cytometry.Results-Most parameters in the BAL fluid changed with age in women.The percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes increased with age from a mean of 48 (SD10)% in women aged <40 years to 69 (11)% in women aged >43 years (p=0.001).The percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes tended to decrease with age and the CD4/ CD8 ratio was 5.8 (1.2) in women aged >43 years compared with 2.1 (0.7) in those aged <40 years (p<0.0001).Women aged >43 years diVered from men aged >43 years as well as from younger subjects of both sexes with respect to CD4+ cells and CD4/CD8 ratio, and from younger women with respect to CD8+ cells.There was no age related change in the CD4/CD8 ratio in blood.No sex related diVerences were seen in the blood or BAL fluid of adults below the age of 40 years.Conclusions-The composition of lymphocytes with diVerent phenotypes in the lower respiratory tract changes with age in women but not in men.This may have implications for some clinical conditions such as chronic dry cough which are observed predominantly in women.
Renal phosphate wasting due to tumor-induced osteomalacia: a frequently delayed diagnosis
Authors: M. Odette Gore, Brian J. Welch, Weidong Geng, Wareef Kabbani, Naim M. Maalouf, Joseph E. Zerwekh, Orson W. Moe, Khashayar Sakhaee
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Endometrioma as the Cause of Pubic and Sacroiliac Pain
Authors: William F. Benson
Journal: JAMA (1965)

ALTHOUGH pelvic endometriosis is a relatively common condition, pain resulting from endometriosis but simulating orthopedic conditions is rare. In addition, the problems of diagnosis increase greatly when extrapelvic endometriosis is not associated with the classic findings of pelvic endometriosis. Perhaps two of the greatest aids to diagnosis are an awareness of the cyclic pattern of pain in association with menstruation, and an acquaintance with some of the bizarre pain patterns associated with this condition.  The following report presents the findings of endometriosis involving the region of the symphysis pubis in a woman who had undergone hysterectomy three years previously. Pain in the left pubic and inguinal regions with radiation to the left sacroiliac region, in the absence of menstruation or of pelvic findings of endometriosis, suggested an abnormality of the bony pelvis.  Report of a Case  A 35-year-old married nurse registered at the Mayo Clinic in October 1964 for evaluation
Clotting factor concentrates.
Authors: J G Watt, J K Smith
Journal: BMJ (1972)

All patients gave "informed consent to the procedure."It is with diffidence and regret, as a former colleague of some of the authors and the consultants under whose care these patients were, that I write to ask to whom this consent was given, and in what terms one explains to a diabetic mother that her doctors wish to perform a procedure which may cause the precise danger to her fetus which for the previous three months they have striven to prevent.And does one obtain informed consent from her husband, and if so, how?-I am, etc., T. W. I. LovEL
PTU-034 Histological remission in autoimmune hepatitis: can it be predicted?
Authors: H Dhaliwal, B Hoeroldt, A Dube, E McFarlane, M Karajeh, D Gleeson
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A recent report<sup>1</sup> suggested that initial treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) with high-dose prednisolone results in more rapid normalisation of serum ALT and (by implication), improved outcome. However, we have reported<sup>2</sup> that persisting histological activity in AIH (Ishak necroinflammatory score (NIS) &gt;3), despite serum ALT normalisation, is associated with fibrosis progression and increased mortality. Here, we aimed to identify, retrospectively, disease or treatment related factors associated with attaining histological remission. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied 111 patients with AIH (93 female, median (range) age at diagnosis 57 (14–77) years treated with prednisolone plus azathioprine/mycophenolate, who had attained normalisation of serum ALT and had available follow-up biopsy. <h3>Results</h3> Starting daily doses of prednisolone and of azathioprine were 30 (10–60) and 50 (25–150) mg respectively. Time taken to achieve normal serum ALT after starting treatment was 8 (0–144) weeks and showed no correlation with any of: (a) gender, age, serum ALT, or globulin at presentation (b) NIS or fibrosis grade at diagnostic biopsy, (c) starting dose of prednisolone or azathioprine. Biopsy was repeated 26 (12–90) months after starting treatment. 72 patients (65%) attained histological remission. Comparing these with the 37 patients not in histological remission, there were no significant differences in age, gender, presenting serum ALT, or in NIS or fibrosis stage at diagnostic biopsy. Neither were there differences in either (a) starting or cumulative dose of prednisolone or azathioprine (either absolute or corrected for body weight) or (b) time to achieve normal serum ALT. Only serum globulin at presentation was lower in those who achieved histological remission (42 vs 49 g/l, p=0.01). On multivariate analysis, NIS at follow-up biopsy was independently associated with serum ALT at time of biopsy (p≤0.001) but with none of above baseline, treatment or early response -related variables. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We could not identify baseline or treatment -related variables associated with (and thus, potentially predictive of) histological remission. Specifically, we could not establish that histological remission was related to either time to serum ALT normalisation or to starting or cumulative dose of prednisolone. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Schramm C</b>, <i>et al</i>. <i>Hepatology</i> 2010;<b>52</b>:2247–82. 2. <b>Hoeroldt BS</b>, <i>et al</i>. <i>Gut</i> 2009;<b>58</b>:A18.
Quantitative measurement of heparin in comparison with conventional anticoagulation monitoring and the risk of thrombotic events in adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: David C. Chu, Abdel Ghanie Abu-Samra, Grayson L. Baird, Cynthia Devers, Joseph Sweeney, Mitchell M. Levy, Christopher S. Muratore, Corey E. Ventetuolo
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2014)
cDNA cloning of human plasminogen activator-inhibitor from endothelial cells.
Authors: D Ginsburg, R Zeheb, A Y Yang, U M Rafferty, P A Andreasen, L Nielsen, K Dano, R V Lebo, T D Gelehrter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Full-length cDNA for plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) was isolated from a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) lambda gt11 cDNA library. Three overlapping clones were identified by immunologic screening of 10(6) recombinant phage using a rabbit anti-human fibrosarcoma PAI-1 antiserum. The fusion proteins encoded by these three clones also react strongly with a monoclonal mouse anti-human fibrosarcoma PAI-1 antibody. By nucleotide sequence analysis, PAI-1 cDNA encodes a protein containing 402 amino acids with a predicted, nonglycosylated molecular mass of 45 kD. Identity of this material as authentic PAI-1 was confirmed by the presence of high level homology with the primary amino acid sequence of an internal peptide prepared from purified rat hepatoma PAI-1. The predicted amino acid sequence also reveals extensive homology with other members of the serine protease inhibitor gene family. Cultured HUVECs contain two PAI-1 mRNA species, both encoded by a single gene, differing by 1 kb in the 3' untranslated region. The PAI-1 gene is located on human chromosome 7.
Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction of the mitral valve, with implications for the diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse.
Authors: R A Levine, M D Handschumacher, A J Sanfilippo, A A Hagege, P Harrigan, J E Marshall, A E Weyman
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Mitral valve prolapse has been diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiographic criteria with surprising frequency in the general population, even when preselected normal subjects are examined. In most of these individuals, however, prolapse appears in the apical four-chamber view and is absent in roughly orthogonal long-axis views. Previous studies of in vitro models with nonplanar rings have shown that systolic mitral annular nonplanarity can potentially produce this discrepancy. However, to prove directly that apparent leaflet displacement in a two-dimensional view does not constitute true displacement above the three-dimensional annulus requires reconstruction of the entire mitral valve, including leaflets and annulus. Such reconstruction would also be necessary to explore the complex geometry of the valve and to derive volumetric measures of superior leaflet displacement. A technique was therefore developed and validated in vitro for three-dimensional reconstruction of the entire mitral valve. In this technique, simultaneous real-time acquisition of images and their spatial locations permits reconstruction of a localized structure by minimizing the effects of patient motion and respiration. By applying this method to 15 normal subjects, a coherent mitral valve surface could be reconstructed from intersecting scans. The results confirm mitral annular nonplanarity in systole, with a maximum deviation of 1.4 +/- 0.3 cm from planarity. They directly show that leaflets can appear to ascend above the mitral annulus in the apical four-chamber view, as they did in at least one view in all subjects, without actual leaflet displacement above the entire mitral valve in three dimensions, thereby challenging the diagnosis of prolapse by isolated four-chamber view displacement in otherwise normal individuals. This technique allows us to address a uniquely three-dimensional problem with high resolution and provide new information previously unavailable from the two-dimensional images. This new appreciation should enhance our ability to ask appropriate clinical questions relating mitral valve shape and leaflet displacement to clinical and pathologic consequences.
Babies born after fertility treatment run increased risk of genetic disorder
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A UK study published last week claims that children conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment run four times the normal risk of a rare genetic imprinting disorder, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, which causes gigantism and increases the risk of childhood renal cancer.

The study was carried out by Birmingham University and the Babraham Institute in Cambridge ( Journal of Medical Genetics 2003;40:62-4).

Researchers examined 149 children with the syndrome and found that three of them had been conceived by standard IVF techniques and another three by intracytoplasmic injection.

“If the incidence of births after IVF and ICSI (intracytoplasmic …
Depolymerized holothurian glycosaminoglycan (DHG), a novel alternative anticoagulant for hemodialysis, is safe and effective in a dog renal failure model
Authors: Kazuhisa Minamiguchi, Keiko T. Kitazato, Hideki Nagase, Eiji Sasaki, Katsuo Ohwada, Kenji Kitazato
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
1170-150 Evaluation of the roll-off of radiotracer uptake under adenosine, dobutamine and nitroglycerin stress: Demonstration of flow dependence
Authors: Kailasnath Purushothaman, Neda Jahanshad, Nicholas Gross, Patti Cavaliere, Xiaoyue Hu, Brian Bourke, Albert J Sinusas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
METHOXYPROMAZINE IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: MAX APFELDORF, HANS G. BAUER, THOMAS H. MCGAVACK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1960)

No appreciable change in adjustment was noted in 12 chronically ill schizophrenics who were subjects of a 6-month double blind study with methoxypromazine. No toxic or untoward side effects were noted with doses ranging from 100 to 600 mg. daily.
Podocytes are the major source of IL-1α and IL-1β in human glomerulonephritides
Authors: Zofia I. Niemir, Henning Stein, Grzegorz Dworacki, Peter Mundel, Nadja Koehl, Boris Koch, Frank Autschbach, Konrad Andrassy, Eberhard Ritz, Ruediger Waldherr, Herwart F. Otto
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Information Technology in the English National Health Service
Authors: Cyril Chantler, Trevor Clarke, Richard Granger
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
S88 1 Year UK Survival Readmission Rate in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Survivors Following Acute Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV)
Authors: S Keilty, P Murphy, P Murphy, N Hart, N Hart, N Hart
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Previous data has shown that premorbid MRC-dyspnoea (MRCD) score predicts outcomes following acute exacerbation of COPD (Steer, Thorax 2012). There are limited data on the clinical utility of the MRCD in predicting outcomes in patients requiring NIV to treat hypercapnic respiratory failure complicating an acute exacerbation. <h3>Methods</h3> A single centre observational cohort study was undertaken from 1<sup>st</sup> April 2009 to 31<sup>st</sup> March 2012. We prospectively followed a cohort of patients admitted with acute exacerbation requiring NIV according to standard BTS criteria. Pre-admission MRCD were calculated from a prospective database obtained from the electronic patient record system as were hospital readmissions and mortality data. <h3>Results</h3> 119 patients (69 male) with a mean age of 71 ± 12 years were admitted requiring NIV. Mean pH was 7.26 ± 0.07 with a PaCO<sub>2</sub> 9.47 ± 2.26 kPa and HCO<sub>3</sub>- of 30.6 ± 6.3 mmols/l. 102 patients (86%) survived the index hospital admission. 16 (16%) patients had previous admissions requiring acute NIV prior to April 2009. 63 (62%) survivors were readmitted or died within 1 year with 26 (25%) survivors having &gt;1 readmission episode and 33 (32%) patients required NIV on readmission within a year. Median 1 year re-admission rate per patient was 1 (1–9) with median time to readmission 228 days for all patients and 373 days, 216 days, 105 days for MRC-dyspnoea score 2–3, 4 and 5, respectively. Median length of stay of the index admission was 9 days (1–48) with median length of readmission, or readmissions of 13 days (1–111). Hospital readmission accounted for 1251 bed days. There was significantly poorer 1 year survival in the most severely dyspnoeic patients (MRC 5) compared to the least (MRC 2 and 3) (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18–0.88, p = 0.023). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data show that COPD patients who receive acute NIV have high risk of hospital readmission including requirement for repeat NIV treatment, which contributed to a significant number of hospital bed days. Although overall outcomes are better than previously reported (Murray, Thorax 2011), patients with high levels of premorbid dyspnoea have the highest mortality following acute hypercapnic exacerbations of COPD requiring NIV.
Independent sector treatment centres: experience and spin
Authors: Simon P Kelly
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Independent sector treatment centres were recently praised by the Department of Health.1 Ophthalmologists have highlighted the problems experienced and predicted for cataract centres.2–4 The government argument that independent centres provide value for money in elective surgery is unconvincing because it considers “spot purchasing” costs of “waiting list initiatives” rather than the costs of planned NHS care.1 Procurement may drain the NHS of funds that might otherwise be invested in comprehensive care …
Are H2 receptor antagonists safe over the counter drugs?
Authors: M Andersen, J S Schou
Journal: BMJ (1994)

may admit sympathy for the view that in severe and persistent depressive illness, when all appropriate physical treat- ments, including polypharmacy, electroconvulsive therapy, and psychosurgery,'213 have apparently been exhausted, voluntary euthanasia may sometimes seem to be as justi- fiable an option as it does in intractable physical illness.This, however, is not necessarily to condone it for either.The particular problem that is raised by "psychiatric euthanasia" is the dubious boundary between psychiatric illness and understandable unhappiness.Now that this judgment apparently accepts the precedent of assisted suicide for depressed patients as being morally justifiable if not actually lawful, it is difficult to imagine how the pro- gression to a test case regarding psychic suffering in a per- son who is not mentally ill can be avoided.However psychiatrists respond to this dilemma, cam- paigners against euthanasia will point, perhaps with good reason, to cases such as Chabot's as evidence that the slip- pery slope they feared already exists.It has long been argued that if euthanasia and assisted suicide become acceptable, as they now have in some countries, for "core cases"-people who are terminally ill with physical symp- toms, especially pain, which cannot be relieved by other measures but who remain psychiatrically well and fully competent-then it may be impossible to restrict the scope of these new medical interventions.'415However well any legislation is hedged about with guidelines and protections against abuse, the slippery slope predicts an inevitable extension of these practices to other, more vulnerable, groups, such as those who are demented, mentally ill, chronically disabled, frail, dependent, and elderly-and perhaps even simply unhappy.We hope that the implications of this judgment will be carefully considered in the Netherlands, Britain, and else- where.Finally, we are left with a quotation from George Annas, professor of health law at Boston University: "If you're worried about the slippery slope, this case is as far down as you can get."4We are not so sure.
Blistering skin disorders: an evidence-based update. Conference report
Authors: A.B. Alexandroff, K.E. Harman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Evidence-based update meetings are held annually by the Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham. Past topics have included important themes such as eczema, psoriasis, hair disorders and skin cancers. This year, the seventh Evidence Based Update meeting focused on blistering disorders and took place in Loughborough University on 5 June 2008. The latest data on incidence and mortality, therapeutic trials and management of bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus and epidermolysis bullosa (EB) were presented by an international panel of renowned speakers. The highlights of the meeting included an informal atmosphere, an international perspective, a practical question and answer session and hearing first-hand a patient and carer's perspective of living with EB.
An antimicrobial, antithrombotic lock solution reduced catheter-related bloodstream infections in patients receiving dialysis
Authors: Kevan R. Polkinghorne
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Source Citation Maki DG, Ash SR, Winger RK, et al. A novel antimicrobial and antithrombotic lock solution for hemodialysis catheters: a multi-center, controlled, randomized trial. Crit Care Med. 2010;39:613-20. 21200319
A million people face starvation as terror threats decimate Somali food lifeline
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The United Nations World Food Programme has suspended operations in southern Somalia after recent terror threats, leaving a million people at risk of hunger because of the severe drought that is currently devastating the Horn of Africa.

Last month the al Shabaab insurgent group issued draconian conditions for humanitarian organisations to continue working in the country—which included the payment of protection money and the stipulation that women only be employed in the health sector—and seized the offices of several aid agencies.

Announcing the pull-out, the programme said, “Staff safety is a key concern for WFP [World Food Programme] and recent attacks, threats, harassment, and demands for payments by armed groups …
Dislocation of Long Bones.
Authors: James Lamb
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In No. 6, Vol. 16 ofThe JournalI find a communication from Dr. Murdock to the Allegheny County Medical Society giving the details of the reduction of the dislocation of the head of the right femur upon the dorsum of the ilium by extension and counter extension; which brings forcibly to my mind two principles laid down by two eminent men in regard to dislocations of long bones. One by the late lamented Prof. Moses Gunn, of Rush Medical College, Chicago, to-wit, always make extension in the line of deformity. The other, by the late lamented and eminent George Sutton, M.D., of Aurora, Ind., which is: In reduction of the head of the femur or humerus, use a fulcrum in the groin or axilla by which the long arm of the lever, the femur or humerus, as the case may be, can be used efficiently. In