tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Focal F-18 Fluorodexyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Uptake in a Hyalinized Nodule as a False Positive Splenic Metastasis in a Patient with Breast Cancer and Metastatic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Andrew Y. Choi, Bobbi N. Wax, Elizabeth Yung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A 79-year-old female with a history of breast cancer and Hurthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid was found to have a splenic mass on CT, with increased Tc-99m HDP uptake on a bone scan, enhanced on MRI, and was intensely hypermetabolic on F-18 FDG PET. Metastatic thyroid cancer was found in the left iliac bone. No splenic uptake was present on iodine-131 whole body scanning. Biopsy of the splenic mass revealed a hyalinized nodule, resulting from a nongranulomatous response to damage leading to organization of collagenous matrix, fibroblasts, and lymphocytes without evidence of malignancy.
Café au Lait Spots, Temporal Lobe Dysrhythmia, and Emotional Instability.
Authors: John V. Verner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Café au Lait Spots, Temporal Lobe Dysrhythmia, and Emotional Instability.John V. Verner Jr., M.D., James H. Johnson, M.D., F. L. Merritt, M.D.John V. Verner Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, James H. Johnson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. L. Merritt, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-716_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSixty patients are reported with the following syndrome: café au lait spots, dementia of variable degree, long-standing emotional imbalance, and temporal lobe dysrhythmia. Twelve of 15 patients had pneumoencephalographic demonstration of cortical atrophy; 3 were normal.The ages ranged from 16 to 60 yr (mean, 36.5 yr) with 52 females and 8 males. All had café au lait spots with a mean of 1.5 per patient. Fifty-two patients had one or more family members with similar skin lesions and symptomatology.Common presenting symptoms were depression, headaches, syncopal attacks, "dizzy" spells, forgetfulness, feelings of unreality, and impairment of ability to concentrate... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John V. VernerJr., M.D.; James H. Johnson, M.D.; F. L. Merritt, M.D.Affiliations: Lakeland, Florida PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTHE SYNDROME OF NARCOLEPSY AND DIABETOGENIC HYPER-INSULINISM IN THE AMERICAN NEGRO: IMPORTANT CLINICAL, SOCIAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH ASPECTSTHE SYNDROME OF NARCOLEPSY AND DIABETOGENIC (“FUNCTIONAL”) HYPERINSULINISM, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO OBESITY, DIABETES, IDIOPATHIC EDEMA, CEREBRAL DYSRHYTHMIAS AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (200 PATIENTS) 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 716-716KeywordsAtrophyDementiaDepressionEmotionsLesionsPneumoencephalographyTemporal lobe ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Calcitonin Administration in X-Linked Hypophosphatemia
Authors: Eva S. Liu, Thomas O. Carpenter, Caren M. Gundberg, Christine A. Simpson, Karl L. Insogna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: Piazza and Goldhaber prefer computed tomographic angiography of the chest as the initial imaging test performed to diagnose chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.In contrast, the working group recommendations from the American College of Cardiology Foundation for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension support the use of ventilationperfusion scanning in all patients with unexplained pulmonary hypertension; in patients with no history of pulmonary embolism or deep-vein thrombosis, a normal or nearly normal finding on ventilation-perfusion scanning rules out chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. 1,2In addition, we believe the authors should have mentioned the annual incidence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, the number of survivors of acute embolism in whom chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension develops within 2 years of the embolism, and the percentage of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension who have not had a clinically apparent episode of acute pulmonary embolism.
Salicylates and Reye's Syndrome
Authors: Vaughan P. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Daniels et al (1983; 249:1311), in their discussion of salicylate use and Reye's syndrome, seem to use the terms<i>aspirin</i>and<i>salicylates</i>almost interchangeably. If we are to lessen the "scientific uncertainties" connected with the studies of salicylate use and Reye's syndrome, may I suggest that we first make a clear statement about the different actions associated with acetylsalicylic acid and sodium salicylate. As every physician should know, "the bleeding time is significantly increased by aspirin but not by sodium salicylate."<sup>1</sup>The difference seems attributable to the acetyl linkage, and it is not inconceivable that this linkage is important in actions other than those related to hemostasis. To lump aspirin with other "salicylates" may well compound the "scientific uncertainties."
THE ROLE OF TELOMERE BIOLOGY AND DIABETES MELLITUS IN VASCULAR AGING
Authors: Ekaterina Dudinskaya, Natalia V. Brailova, Irina D. Strazhesko, Dariga U. Akasheva, Olga N. Tkacheva, Sergey A. Boytsov
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
More and better management is the key to fixing the NHS
Authors: Stephen Black
Journal: BMJ (2006)

R ecently Paul Miller, chairman of the BMA's consultants' committee, accused my profession of being a “large part” of the NHS's problems (www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,8122-2215070.html). His comments typify the arguments of those against reforming the NHS. To these people all problems—deficits, long waiting lists, infection control problems—result from lack of resources, bureaucracy, government interference in clinical judgment, and the “greedy” private sector. Things would be much better if we didn't waste money on big IT systems, independent treatment centres, management consultants, and private finance initiatives and instead spent it on “frontline” staff. This sums up the attitude of the leadership of the medical profession to NHS reform, but the underlying assumption is that the only thing that matters is how many doctors and nurses we have.

This assumption is demonstrably untrue and pernicious—distracting the NHS from seeking easily achievable improvements that derive from better organisation (which might—horror of horrors—require more spending on managers or computers). Changing how a hospital is organised can improve the quality, quantity, and speed of patients' care more than the most extravagant spending on doctors and nurses does. Evidence for the benefits of better organisation can be seen in …
Possible neurologic effects of aspartame, a widely used food additive.
Authors: T J Maher, R J Wurtman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The artificial sweetener aspartame (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanyl-methyl ester), is consumed, primarily in beverages, by a very large number of Americans, causing significant elevations in plasma and, probably, brain phenylalanine levels. Anecdotal reports suggest that some people suffer neurologic or behavioral reactions in association with aspartame consumption. Since phenylalanine can be neurotoxic and can affect the synthesis of inhibitory monoamine neurotransmitters, the phenylalanine in aspartame could conceiveably mediate neurologic effects. If mice are given aspartame in doses that elevate plasma phenylalanine levels more than those of tyrosine (which probably occurs after any aspartame dose in humans), the frequency of seizures following the administration of an epileptogenic drug, pentylenetetrazole, is enhanced. This effect is simulated by equimolar phenylalanine and blocked by concurrent administration of valine, which blocks phenylalanine's entry into the brain. Aspartame also potentiates the induction of seizures by inhaled fluorothyl or by electroconvulsive shock. Perhaps regulations concerning the sale of food additives should be modified to require the reporting of adverse reactions and the continuing conduct of mandated safety research.
Persistent G. lamblia impairs growth in a murine malnutrition model
Authors: Luther A. Bartelt, James Roche, Glynis Kolling, David Bolick, Francisco Noronha, Caitlin Naylor, Paul Hoffman, Cirle Warren, Steven Singer, Richard Guerrant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Giardia lamblia infections are nearly universal among children in low-income countries and are syndemic with the triumvirate of malnutrition, diarrhea, and developmental growth delays. Amidst the morass of early childhood enteropathogen exposures in these populations, G. lamblia–specific associations with persistent diarrhea, cognitive deficits, stunting, and nutrient deficiencies have demonstrated conflicting results, placing endemic pediatric giardiasis in a state of equipoise. Many infections in endemic settings appear to be asymptomatic/subclinical, further contributing to uncertainty regarding a causal link between G. lamblia infection and developmental delay. We used G. lamblia H3 cyst infection in a weaned mouse model of malnutrition to demonstrate that persistent giardiasis leads to epithelial cell apoptosis and crypt hyperplasia. Infection was associated with a Th2-biased inflammatory response and impaired growth. Malnutrition accentuated the severity of these growth decrements. Faltering malnourished mice exhibited impaired compensatory responses following infection and demonstrated an absence of crypt hyperplasia and subsequently blunted villus architecture. Concomitantly, severe malnutrition prevented increases in B220+ cells in the lamina propria as well as mucosal Il4 and Il5 mRNA in response to infection. These findings add insight into the potential role of G. lamblia as a "stunting" pathogen and suggest that, similarly, malnourished children may be at increased risk of G. lamblia–potentiated growth decrements.
Confronting the Bureaucracy
Authors: Rebecca D. Elon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

On Being a Doctor4 November 2008Confronting the BureaucracyRebecca D. Elon, MD, MPHRebecca D. Elon, MD, MPHFrom Erickson Health of Howard County, Columbia, MD 21044.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-9-200811040-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I was in transition, working to create a new practice. Part of this process involved changing hospital affiliations, so I applied for privileges at 2 community hospitals in neighboring counties. Our state health department has developed a uniform application for medical staff privileging that has eased the pain of having to collect all of those phone numbers, fax numbers, e-mail addresses, names of current program directors, old insurance carriers, and so forth for primary source verification on the application: What I gathered for one application, I could photocopy for the other. But there are still differences between the institutions in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Erickson Health of Howard County, Columbia, MD 21044.Corresponding Author: Rebecca D. Elon, MD, MPH, 225 Wiltshire Lane, Severna Park, MD 21146; e-mail, Rebecca.[email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 November 2008Volume 149, Issue 9Page: 684-685KeywordsDrugsHospital medicineImmunityMedical educationNursesNursing homesPrevention, policy, and public healthUrinationUrine ePublished: 4 November 2008 Issue Published: 4 November 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Bornholm Disease in the South Pacific
Authors: F. Matheson
Journal: BMJ (1947)

<h3>Background</h3> Promotion of physical activity in primary care has had limited success. Wearable technology presents an opportunity to support healthcare practitioners (HCPs) in providing personalised feedback to their patients. <h3>Aim</h3> To explore the differing thoughts and feelings of both HCPs and at-risk patients provided with personalised multidimensional physical activity feedback. <h3>Design &amp; setting</h3> Qualitative study with HCPs (<i>n</i> = 15) and patients at risk of cardiovascular disease or type 2 diabetes (<i>n</i> = 29), recruited from primary care. <h3>Method</h3> HCPs and patients wore a physical activity monitor for 7 days and were subsequently shown their personalised multidimensional feedback, including sedentary time, calorie burn, short (1-minute) or long (&gt;10-minute) bouts of moderate-to-vigorous activity during semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed thematically with comparisons made between individuals of high (<i>n</i> = 21) and low (<i>n</i> = 23) physical activity levels as to their cognitive–affective responses to their data. <h3>Results</h3> Personalised feedback elicited positive emotional responses for highly active participants and negative emotional responses for those with low activity. However, individuals with low activity demonstrated largely positive coping mechanisms. Some low active participants were in denial over feedback, but the majority valued it as an opportunity to think of ways to improve physical activity (cognitive reappraisal) and started forming action plans (problem-focused coping). Around half of all participants also sought to validate their feedback against peers. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Personalised, visual feedback elicits immediate emotional and coping responses in participants of high and low physical activity levels. Further studies should explore whether multidimensional feedback could help practitioners explore diverse ways for lifestyle change with patients.
Value of Postirradiation Screening for Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Paul C. Royce
Journal: JAMA (1979)

We determined the occurrence of palpable thyroid abnormalities in 214 persons with verified history of head and neck irradiation and in 243 concurrently examined, nonirradiated persons (control subjects). Examinations were performed by two physicians, each unaware of the medical history of the examinees and of the findings of the other examiner. Thyroid nodules, either single or multiple, occurred in 6.1% of irradiated persons and in 4.5% of control subjects (95% confidence interval of the difference, -2.6% to +5.7%). Thyroid enlargement without nodules occurred in 5.6% of irradiated persons and in 3.7% of control subjects (95% confidence interval of the difference, -2.0% to +5.8%). Thyroid cancer was detected in one irradiated and in two nonirradiated persons. Our controlled study did not find an excess number of thyroid abnormalities in previously irradiated subjects.
Increased F-18 FDG Accumulation in an Acute Fracture
Authors: MICHAEL MEYER, TIMOTHY Gast, SHANKAR RAJA, KARL HUBNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Markedly increased FDG uptake was noted in a 2-week-old fracture of the clavicle and scapula in a 24-year-old man. This finding emphasizes the need to consider benign etiologies such as trauma for focally increased FDG accumulation in bone.
Accuracy of Numerical Coronary Profile
Authors: Antone F. Salel, Alice Fong, Robert Zelis, Richard R. Miller, Nemat O. Borhani, Dean T. Mason
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We compared a coronary risk profile (developed by the Framingham Study) based on age, sex, cigarette smoking, glucose intolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic blood pressure and serum cholesterol to angiographically determined severity of coronary-artery disease in 158 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. A profile of 1.0 indicated average relative risk. Risk profiles for 105 patients with angiographically documented coronary-artery disease was 1.52 whereas it was 1.08 for the group without coronary disease (P<0.01). There was no difference between the patients with coronary disease with (1.44) and those without previous infarct (1.46). The coronary risk profile, however, increased with increasing severity of coronary disease. The high-risk coronary patient can be identified by seven easily measured risk factors, and the extent of coronary-artery disease increases with the number and severity of coronary risk factors. (N Engl J Med 296:1447–1450, 1977)
Cholestasis induced by oestrogen after liver transplantation.
Authors: D. M. Fedorkow, B. Corenblum, E. A. Shaffer
Journal: BMJ (1989)

movement.Improvements in rotational movement were seen only with the intra-articular injection.These results might be improved if patients with pain confined to the posterosuperior region of the shoulder, which is said to respond selectively to a nerve block,5 were treated.I Harris ED.Rheumatoid arthritis: the clinical spectrum.
Persistent Osteopenia in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator–deficient Mice
Authors: Christina K. Haston, Wei Li, Ailian Li, Melanie Lafleur, Janet E. Henderson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: A loss of function mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene is believed to be an independent risk factor for bone disease in patients with cystic fibrosis.Objectives: The objective of this work was to use congenic mice as a preclinical model to examine the bone phenotype of Cftr−/− mice and control littermates at 8, 12, and 28 weeks of age.Methods: The bone phenotype of control and Cftr−/− mice was evaluated by quantitative imaging, histologic and histomorphometric analyses, and serum levels of bone biomarkers.Measurements and Main Results: At 12 weeks of age, Cftr−/− mice were smaller, had lower bone mineral density, cortical bone thinning, and altered trabecular architecture compared with Cftr+/+ or Cftr+/− control mice. In skeletally mature 28-week-old mice, there were persistent deficits in cortical and trabecular bone structure in Cftr−/− mice despite significant, quantifiable improvements. Cftr−/− mice also had lower serum insulin-like growth factor-I levels at 12 weeks of age than did control mice, whereas parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were not significantly different.Conclusions: Persistent osteopenia and structural abnormalities in adult Cftr−/− mice, in the absence of overt respiratory and gastrointestinal disease, suggest that loss of Cftr function has a direct impact on bone metabolism in Cftr−/− mice that is not sex specific or subject to haplotype insufficiency.
Reply to M.G. Bare et al
Authors: David W. Kissane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

minimum, the article and the editorial should have discussed the fact that LGBT populations are likely overrepresented in their study, carrying a greater cancer burden.On the basis of conservative national estimates, there are approximately 9 million LGBT individuals, that is, 3.8% of US adults. 5However, the prevalence of LGBT individuals varies greatly by geographic location, and the SEER data used by the study authors include several locations in which LGBT populations are clustered above and beyond the 3.8% average, for example, in San Francisco-Oakland, Seattle-Puget Sound, and Hawaii. 6,7Twenty percent of LGBT individuals are married, 7 significantly fewer than the 51% who are married among the general population. 1 Therefore, the authors' findings of late cancer diagnosis, undertreatment, and cancer deaths is of the utmost importance for the majority of unmarried LGBT individuals.Although we recognize that SEER does not collect sexual orientation and gender identity data and LGBT individuals could not be separated into the married and unmarried categories for analysis, the implications of this study's findings for LGBT individuals should have been discussed.After all, the authors used SEER data from 2004 to 2008, a time when the legalization of same-sex marriages emerged; the American Community Survey and other data sources counted same-sex marriages alongside opposite-sex marriages; and research established the protective health effects of same-sex marriage for LGBT individuals. 8 In addition to calling on the authors, 1,2 we recognize that it is foremost the obligation of federal and nonfederal agencies to facilitate researchers' ability to perform data analyses that consider LGBT individuals by systematically collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data in all data sources, including SEER.Moreover, we must call on Journal of Clinical Oncology to hold study authors accountable for excluding LGBT populations without explanation in their methodology or limitations sections.In addition, we hope that in the future, Journal of Clinical Oncology will accept and publish more research on LGBT communities along the cancer continuum, from prevention to end of life, to facilitate awareness about the increasing recognition of cancer disparities that affect LGBT populations.The crucial question to be asked and answered must be: how many lives would be improved and saved if LGBT individuals had the social and cultural conditions that heterosexuals enjoy?
TECHNIQUE OF NEW METHOD OF ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The dangers attending the abdominal removal of the myomatous uterus are shock, hemorrhage, functional injury to important organs near the uterus, and infection. The operation that I am about to describe to you has in view, as far as can be done by an improvement of technique, the removal of these sources of danger. As you all know, in abdominal operations the exposure of the organs to unnecessary handling and the loss of heat they sustain are most potent agents in the production of shock; hence in the removal of myofibroma of the uterus, the abdominal cavity should be exposed for as short a time as possible. It is therefore the particular aim of this operation to secure access to the myomatous uterus in as short a time as possible and with as little exposure of the abdominal organs; hence, after opening the abdomen in the median line in the
A double-blind trial on prophylactic voriconazole (VRC) or placebo during induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML)
Authors: Jörg J. Vehreschild, Angelika Böhme, Dieter Buchheidt, Dorothee Arenz, Urs Harnischmacher, Claus P. Heussel, Andrew J. Ullmann, Sabine Mousset, Margit Hummel, Peter Frommolt, Gernot Wassmer, Ivonne Drzisga, Oliver A. Cornely
Journal: Journal of Infection (2007)
Cardiovascular Disease Protection in Long-Duration Type 1 Diabetes and Sex Differences
Authors: Zhiheng H. He, Stephanie A. D’Eon, Liane J. Tinsley, Shane Fitzgerald, Stephanie M. Hastings, Mogher Khamaisi, Jennifer K. Sun, Sara J. Turek, Ernst J. Schaefer, George L. King, Hillary A. Keenan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Two recent articles describe higher morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) at younger ages for women with type 1 diabetes compared with men in cohorts with average duration of approximately 30 years (1,2). Women in the Joslin 50-Year Medalist Study (total n = 680) have a significantly lower CVD prevalence than men (women 35.3% vs. men 51.6%, P < 0.001), suggesting a protective factor. The objective of this analysis was to investigate protective factors associated with CVD and sex-associated differences in rates in those with long-term type 1 diabetes.

The Joslin 50-Year Medalist Study is a cross-sectional study of individuals with 50 or more years of type 1 diabetes ( n = 651). To be awarded the Joslin 50-Year Medal, individuals provide an original medical record from time of diagnosis, or three other forms of documentation of insulin dependence since the time of diagnosis 50 or more …
Does lesion length affect late outcome of patients with in-stent restenosis? Results of the multicenter laser angioplasty for stent restenosis (LARS) registry
Authors: R. Mehran, S. Ito, A. Abizaid, A.S. Abizaid, A.J. Lansky, J.J. Popma, A.D. Pichard, L.F. Satler, K.M. Kent, M.B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)