tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bloody Pleural Fluid and Pulmonary Infarction
Authors: Franz Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  In his article entitled Bloody  Fluid Following Pulmonary Infarction (202: 947, 1967), Dr. Griner twice misquotes from an article by Dr. Harold Israel and myself (Ann Intern Med47:202, 1957). In his introduction he attributes to standard texts and reviews, including ours, the notion that a bloody or serosanguineous pleural effusion is anticipated following pulmonary infarction. In his comment he attributes to us the statement, Pleural effusion following infarction usually shows numerous red blood cells and is grossly bloody in half the cases, usually in those with congestive failure. He then takes issue with this statement and cites his findings of pleural effusion in only 43 of 88 cases studied, of which 14 revealed serosanguineous fluid. Actually, our own study of 90 cases revealed only seven instances of pleural effusion, as Dr. Griner should have noted from Table 6 of the quoted review. Our actual
Spontaneously increased B cell growth factor and B cell differentiation factor activities in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: J Mulero, M Alvarez-Mon, L.F de Villa, M Rodríguez, E Noguera, J.M Martín-Santos, C Gutiérrez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

The presence of factors implicated in B cell proliferation and differentiation was studied in synovial fluid (SF) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and traumatic joint injury. Culture with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I B cell blasts showed strong B cell growth factor (BCGF) activity in the SF from patients with RA. This BCGF activity was significantly greater than that found in SF from patients with traumatic joint injury and similar to that of patients with AS. The presence of B cell differentiation factor (BCDF) for IgM(mu) in the SF from patients with RA was also demonstrated and was significantly greater than that found in SF from patients with AS and traumatic joint injury. Moreover, a significantly increased BCDF for IgG(gamma) was also found in the SF from patients with RA compared with that observed in those patients with traumatic joint injury, which, however, was similar to that of patients with AS.
Measuring the health of nations: analysis of mortality amenable to health care
Authors: E. Nolte
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To assess whether and how the rankings of the world9s health systems based on disability adjusted life expectancy as done in the 2000 <i>World Health Report</i> change when using the narrower concept of mortality amenable to health care, an outcome more closely linked to health system performance. <b>Design</b> Analysis of mortality amenable to health care (including and excluding ischaemic heart disease). <b>Main outcome measure</b> Age standardised mortality from causes amenable to health care <b>Setting</b> 19 countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. <b>Results</b> Rankings based on mortality amenable to health care (excluding ischaemic heart disease) differed substantially from rankings of health attainment given in the 2000 <i>World Health Report</i>. No country retained the same position. Rankings for southern European countries and Japan, which had performed well in the report, fell sharply, whereas those of the Nordic countries improved. Some middle ranking countries (United Kingdom, Netherlands) also fell considerably; New Zealand improved its position. Rankings changed when ischaemic heart disease was included as amenable to health care. <b>Conclusion</b> The 2000 <i>World Health Report</i> has been cited widely to support claims for the merits of otherwise different health systems. High levels of health attainment in well performing countries may be a consequence of good fortune in geography, and thus dietary habits, and success in the health effects of policies in other sectors. When assessed in terms of achievements that are more explicitly linked to health care, their performance may not be as good.
Are medical schools fit for graduates?
Authors: Christopher S Hourigan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Endovascular repair is not worse than open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysmsEditor-The title and interpretation of the EVAR trial results in the POEM are misleading and incorrect. 1Mortality figures were quoted both as aneurysm related and all cause deaths.The 30 day mortality was 1.7% in the EVAR group, which is significantly lower than 4.7% in the open repair group.Surprisingly, the POEM somehow interpreted 30 day mortality to be less than 1% for both groups, which is clearly an error.The confidence intervals (odds ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 0.77, P = 0.009) make type I error unlikely.If preintervention deaths are added to the figures 30 day mortality was calculated at 3.5% for endovascular repair and 7.1% for open surgery. 2 The advantage of endovascular repair is sustained at four years, with 4% aneurysm related deaths in the EVAR group compared with 7% in the open repair group.This confers a 3% absolute reduction in aneurysm related mortality.The all cause mortality rate was comparable in both groups at four years.Endovascular repair offers a 30 day lower risk treatment compared with open surgery in patients who are medically fit with an abdominal aortic aneurysm.Compared with open repair, endovascular repair offers no advantage with respect to all cause mortality and health related quality of life; and is more expensive; however, it confers a 3% improved aneurysm related survival which persists at four years.The POEM's message that endovascular repair is worse than open repair is inaccurate and not evidence based.
Rapid HbA1c Testing in a Community Setting
Authors: Janette S Carter, Caron A Houston, Susan S Gilliland, Georgia E Perez, Charles L Owen, Dorothy R Pathak, Randie R Little
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

To determine whether the DCA 2000 analyzer provides valid and reliable HbA1c results when used under field conditions and operated by nonmedical personnel. This study was part of a community diabetes education program, the Native American Diabetes Project, in which HbA1c was measured as an indicator of average glycemic control.Two study samples were taken, the first in the spring of 1994 and the second in the spring of 1995. Seven community members in 1994 and six new community members in 1995 were trained over 2 days, using standard protocol, to operate the DCA 2000 HbA1c analyzer and to collect two capillary blood samples from participants in the Native American Diabetes Project. Duplicate DCA 2000 HbA1c measurements performed by the community workers were compared with measurements from a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Validity and reliability measures were calculated.Of the participants, 43 were studied in 1994 and 14 in 1995. Comparison of the mean DCA 2000 results with those of HPLC showed high validity, with the absolute relative difference between the mean DCA 2000 and the external reference of HPLC (magnitude of mean DCA 2000-HPLC magnitude of /HPLC) as 4.0 and 2.0% for 1994 and 1995, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients (r) between these two measures were 0.968 and 0.996 for 1994 and 1995, respectively. While the 1994 data appeared to have less validity for values > 10%, they included only one value with a 60-min warm-up of the DCA analyzer. The 1995 data, all collected after a 60-min warm-up, had good correlation throughout the range of values. The within-run reliability was excellent, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of reliability of 0.959 and 0.975 for paired samples, for 1994 and 1995 respectively. The mean coefficient of variation for these paired measures was 3.0% in 1994 and 2.8% in 1995. Both validity and reliability were improved by changing the warm-up period of the DCA 2000 analyzer from 5 to 60 min. All correlation coefficients were statistically significant (P < 0.0001).The DCA 2000 gave valid and reliable HbA1c results when operated in a community setting by nonmedical personnel. Extending the warm-up period of the device to 60 min slightly improved the validity and reliability of the test.
The toxicologic effects of the carbamate insecticide aldicarb in mammals: a review.
Authors: J F Risher, F L Mink, J F Stara
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Aldicarb, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)propionaldehyde-O-methylcarbamoyloxime, is an oxime carbamate insecticide manufactured by the Union Carbide Corporation and sold under the trade name Temik. It is a soil-applied systemic pesticide used against certain insects, mites, and nematodes, and is applied below the soil surface for absorption by plant roots. It is generally applied to the soil in the form of 5, 10, or 15% granules, and soil moisture is essential for the release of the toxicant. Uptake by plants is rapid. Aldicarb is currently registered for use on cotton, sugar beets, sugar cane (Louisiana only), potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts, oranges, pecans (Southeast only), dry beans, soybeans, and ornamental plants. Home and garden use is not permitted. Discovery of aldicarb and its oxidative sulfoxide and sulfone metabolites in well or ground water in Florida, Wisconsin, and New York, and accidental poisonings from ingesting contaminated watermelons and cucumbers in the South and West have spurred interest and concern about this pesticide. The primary mechanism of toxic action of aldicarb is cholinesterase inhibition. However, unlike the relatively irreversible anticholinesterase activity of the organophosphate pesticides, the carbamylation process which produces the anti-AChE action is quickly reversible. Aldicarb is readily absorbed through both the gut and the skin, but is rapidly metabolized and excreted in the urine almost completely within 24 hr. Although it is acutely toxic to humans and laboratory animals, aldicarb is not known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, conclusively mutagenic, or to produce other long-term adverse health effects. In cases of accidental poisoning, the cholinergic symptoms have generally subsided within 6 hr, with no side effects or complications.
Abstract 1483: Biological and clinical significance of miR-224 in colorectal cancer
Authors: HUI LING, George Calin, Milena Nicoloso, Mariko Ikuo
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) not only participate to cancer initiation and tumor growth, but also play roles in tumor metastasis. The aims of this study were to identify specific miRNAs involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis, and study their biological functions. We initially assessed by microarray global miRNA expression profile in primary CRC tissues from patients with or without metastasis. The most differentially expressed miRNAs were validated in a large set of CRC patient samples by real time PCR (qRT-PCR). We identified 7 miRNAs that were significantly upregulated in stage III-IV primary CRC compared with stage I-II cancer, among which miR-224 expression increased consistently with tumor burden. We used transwell-based cell motility analysis in CRC cell lines to test the biological activities of studied miRNAs, and showed that miR-224 and miR-141 promote CRC cell motility. By using qRT-PCR, western blot and luciferase assay, we identified SMAD4 as a direct miR-224 target mediating miR-224's effect on cell motility in CRC cells. We conclude that MiR-224 is associated with CRC malignancy, and functions as a metastasis activator by negative regulation of SMAD4. Citation Format: HUI LING, George Calin, Milena Nicoloso, Mariko Ikuo. Biological and clinical significance of miR-224 in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1483. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1483
Comparative Prognostic Significance of Simultaneous Versus Independent Resolution of ST Segment Depression Relative to ST Segment Elevation During Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Akbar Shah, Galen S Wagner, Robert M Califf, Robin E Boineau, Cynthia L Green, Nancy M Wildermann, Kathleen M Trollinger, James E Pope, Mitchell W Krucoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
The Future of Family Medicine in Response to Demographic Changes and Increasing Specialization
Authors: William Reichel
Journal: JAMA (1983)

IN 18 years, we will enter the next millenium. I want to refer to two major changes occurring that will deeply affect medical practice in the year 2000. First are the demographic changes taking place throughout the world with an increasingly elderly population; second is the increasing use of technology in medicine.  In the year 1900, 4% of the population in the United States were 65 years or older. At the present time, 11.3% are older than 65 years. Various projections exist for the year 2000. It is likely that 12.2% of the American population in the year 2000 will be older than 65 years. By the year 2020, those older than 65 years will constitute 15.6% of the population and, by the year 2035, 18.3%. An increasingly older population is being seen throughout the world, including in nations of Asia, South America, and Africa.  The other important phenomenon is
The Fast-Food Fund
Authors: Perri Klass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

At the end of our clinic meeting, one of the doctors announced that she was taking up a collection. Not the usual someone's-getting-married, someone's-having-a-baby, someone's-leaving collection; this one was for the family of a child with many serious medical problems, who had died in the hospital a day or two earlier. Most of the clinic's doctors and nurses had known the child and the family, always coming in with questions and concerns, with that long problem list, with that complicated and ever-changing set of medications. The collection was to help the family pay for the funeral, the doctor said, because . . .
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: T.A. LESLIE, N.J. LEVELL, S.J. CUTLER, K.J. CANN, M.H.F. SMITH, D.J.M. WRIGHT, J.J.H. GILKES, T.W.E. ROBINSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

We report a 55‐year‐old woman with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (ACA) and a peripheral sensory neuropathy. ACA is an uncommon late cutaneous manifestation of Lyme disease, which follows disseminated Borrelia burgdorferi infection. This is the second published case from the U.K. since serological diagnosis has been available. In this patient the diagnosis was confirmed by serology using a sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting techniques. B. burgdorferi DNA was demonstrated in the affected skin using the polymerase chain reaction, although staining and cultures for the organism were negative. Recommended treatment of ACA is with oral doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 28 days, but our patient did not respond well to this regimen. She was therefore treated with ceftriaxone intravenously for 21 days, which resulted in a rapid symptomatic and clinical response.
Bacteriological Investigation of Air During an Epidemic of Haemolytic Streptococcal Throat Infection
Authors: C. A. Green, S. W. Challinor, J. P. Duguid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1945)

sponds to the number which would be inhaled during three to six minutes.A proportion of the ,B-haemolytic bacteria was filmed, tested for soluble haemolysin production, grouped by Lancefield's method, and typed by slide agglutination.Almost all the organisms examined in this way were found to be P-haemolytic strepto- cocci of Group A and are referred to as Strepto- coccus pyogenes.Typing by slide agglutination suggested that the majority of the P-haemolytic 37
Pose-independent surface matching for intra-operative soft-tissue marker-less registration
Authors: Thiago Ramos dos Santos, Alexander Seitel, Thomas Kilgus, Stefan Suwelack, Anna-Laura Wekerle, Hannes Kenngott, Stefanie Speidel, Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Hans-Peter Meinzer, Tobias Heimann, Lena Maier-Hein
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2014)
Cardiac Manifestations of Viral Hepatitis.
Authors: Hubert Bell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Cardiac Manifestations of Viral Hepatitis.Hubert Bell, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hubert Bell, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-793_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHistologic changes due to viral hepatitis are commonly observed in the liver. Hepatic cell necrosis and autolysis occur and are associated with periportal infiltration of leukocytes. Enlarged edematous lymph nodes, hypoplastic bone marrow, and inflammatory changes in the brain and pancreas have also been observed. Recently, biopsies of the kidney and gastrointestinal tract have shown histologic abnormalities. This suggests that viral hepatitis is a multisystem disease involving many organs.Despite occasional reports of subendocardial infiltration, the cardiac manifestations of viral hepatitis have not been well described. In our study the clinical and pathological findings in 30 autopsied patients dying of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kansas City, Kan. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFulminant Hepatic Failure 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 793-793KeywordsGastrointestinal tractHepatitisHepatitis AHepatocytesKidneysLiverLymph nodesNecrosisPancreasViral diseases Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Deaths from haemolytic disease of the newborn: Authors' reply
Authors: R. M Hussey, C. A Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1992)

The incidence of rhesus D immunisation has been relatively static since 1973; as yet, there has been no demonstrable effect from the introduction in part of the region in 1986 of routine antenatal prophylaxis.We thus fear that the trend of the past 18 years is likely to continue.
Abuse of Inhalation Anesthetics
Authors: Millard Bass
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article on drug abuse in anesthesia by Ward et al,<sup>1</sup>no cases of inhalation abuse were cited. In my nationwide survey on sudden death in teenagers associated with sniffing abuse of volatile hydrocarbons,<sup>2</sup>four adult male deaths were discovered in which the self-administered inhalants were abused in hospital operating rooms. Three of the operating room personnel were physicians and the other was an operating room technician. The ages of the physicians were 30, 38, and 52 years. Two of the deaths were attributed to halothane abuse and the other two to cyclopropane. Cardiac arrhythmia associated with light plane anesthesia is the most likely cause of these sudden deaths. Spencer et al<sup>3</sup>have described three additional fatal cases of inhalation abuse of halothane in operating room technicians. Although volatile anesthetic agents are not the drugs most commonly abused by hospital personnel who have
Library for Internists
Authors: DILIP K. JANA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 January 1974Library for InternistsDILIP K. JANA, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)DILIP K. JANA, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-1-120_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDear sir: In the list of books and journals recommended for the internist and divided according to 13 subspecialties and 28 clinical disciplines related to Internal Medicine (Ann Intern Med 79:293-322, 1973), geriatrics was conspicuous by its absence.There are several excellent journals and books on geriatrics, a fledgling branch of medicine in this continent, with great potential to partly fill the hiatus in health care created by subspecialization, stratification, and fragmentation of medical care. The exclusion of geriatrics tends to reinforce the belief that the internistgeriatrician is ignored, isolated, and, at best, subject to benign neglect by his peers,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1974Volume 80, Issue 1Page: 120-121KeywordsGeriatricsHealth careLibrariesSub-specialty care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Coverage of malaria protection in pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a synthesis and analysis of national survey data
Authors: Anna Maria van Eijk, Jenny Hill, Victor A Alegana, Viola Kirui, Peter W Gething, Feiko O ter Kuile, Robert W Snow
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2011)

Insecticide-treated nets and intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine are recommended for the control of malaria during pregnancy in endemic areas in Africa, but there has been no analysis of coverage data at a subnational level. We aimed to synthesise data from national surveys about these interventions, accounting for disparities in malaria risk within national borders.
One path to balance and order in social psychology: An evolutionary perspective
Authors: Douglas T. Kenrick, Jon K. Maner
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Consideration of the adaptive problems faced by our ancestors suggests functional reasons why people exhibit some biases in social judgment more than others. We present a taxonomy consisting of six domains of central social challenges. Each is associated with somewhat different motivations, and consequently different decision-rules. These decision-rules, in turn, make some biases inherently more likely to emerge than others.
The science of anthropogenic climate change: what every doctor should know
Authors: D. McCoy, B. Hoskins
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Background and objectives: Despite the decreasing incidence of peritonitis among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients over time, its occurrence is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Determining factors that are associated with PD peritonitis may facilitate the identification of patients who are at risk. Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements: Using data collected in the multicenter Baxter POET database between 1996 and 2005, the study population included incident Canadian PD patients. Potential predictors of peritonitis were sought using a negative binomial model and an Andersen-Gill model. Study variables included age, gender, race, cause of renal disease, diabetes status, transfer from hemodialysis (HD), previous renal transplant, and continuous ambulatory PD (CAPD) <i>versus</i> automated PD (APD). Results: Data were available for 4247 incident PD patients, including 1605 patients with a total of 2555 peritonitis episodes. Using the negative binomial regression model, factors that were independently associated with a higher peritonitis rate included age, Black race, and having transferred from HD. There was an interaction between gender and diabetes, with an increased risk for peritonitis among female patients with diabetes. The use of CAPD <i>versus</i> APD did not affect the peritonitis rate. The Andersen-Gill model for recurrent events yielded similar results. Conclusions: Predictors of PD peritonitis included Black race, transferring from HD to PD, and diabetes among women. In contrast to previous findings, CAPD and APD were similar with regard to peritonitis risk.
Ultrasound-Mediated Vascular Gene Transfection by Cavitation of Endothelial-Targeted Cationic Microbubbles
Authors: Aris Xie, Todd Belcik, Yue Qi, Terry K. Morgan, Shivam A. Champaneri, Sarah Taylor, Brian P. Davidson, Yan Zhao, Alexander L. Klibanov, Michael A. Kuliszewski, Howard Leong-Poi, Azzdine Ammi, Jonathan R. Lindner
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)