tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3623: Association between helicobacter pylori infection and lung cancer: a meta-analysis.
Authors: Na Wu, Bin Xu, Yafei Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is still the leading death cause of cancers. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is one of the most common bacteria infecting human. In the past decade, some investigators endeavored to clarify the possible association of lung carcinoma risk with Hp infection, with conflicting results. Whether Hp infection is a risk factor for lung cancer remains largely uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis on the association between Hp infection and lung cancer. Medline, OVID, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical Literature database (CBM) database were comprehensively searched for the relevant literatures until September 2012. Meta-analysis was performed using the program Review Manager 6.2. Heterogeneity was also explored. Seven case-control studies with a total of 1011 cases and 1040 controls met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Hp infection was detected seropositivity for antibodies against Hp using ELISA in all 7 studies. Our meta-analysis showed that patients with lung cancer have a significantly higher rate of seropositivity for antibodies against Hp than controls, with an odds ratio of 3.15 (95% CI, 1.49-6.67). This meta-analysis suggests there may be a potential effect of Hp infection on the risk of lung cancer. This warrants further large and well-designed studies for thorough investigation. Citation Format: Na Wu, Bin Xu, Yafei Li. Association between helicobacter pylori infection and lung cancer: a meta-analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3623. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3623
Drug Discovery Screen Adapts to Changes
Authors: G. J. Kerkvliet
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Drug Discovery Screen Adapts to Changes Get access Gary J. Kerkvliet Gary J. Kerkvliet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 13, 4 July 1990, Pages 1087–1088, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.13.1087 Published: 04 July 1990
Bone histology and bone mineral density after correction of acidosis in distal renal tubular acidosis
Authors: Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn, Cholatip Pongskul, Vorachai Sirikulchayanonta, Wasana Stitchantrakul, Virut Leeprasert, Boonsong Ongphiphadhanakul, Piyanuch Radinahamed, Rajata Rajatanavin
Journal: Kidney International (2002)
Functional expression and germline atransmission of a human chromosome fragment in chimaeric mice
Authors: Kazuma Tomizuka, Hitoshi Yoshida, Hiroshi Uejima, Hiroyuki Kugoh, Kaoru Sato, Atsuko Ohguma, Michiko Hayasaka, Kazunori Hanaoka, Mitsuo Oshimura, Isao Ishida
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
BASE HOSPITAL AMPUTATIONS IN WAR
Authors: KELLOGG SPEED
Journal: JAMA (1918)

There is little interest in the tabulated report of amputations that I have made for this study, and therefore it is omitted. It has seemed, however, that an analysis of the correlation between the indication and the mortality resulting from a sizable list of these operations might prove profitable. For military reasons I am unable to state the relationship between the number and mortality of these patients and the total of admissions to the hospital with the average total mortality during the same period.  Base hospital amputations may be roughly divided into two classes: first, those that are indicated on the arrival of the wounded from the clearing stations, and second, those required much later. In the first class we may include the early gas infections, fulminating sepsis of large joints and bone injuries, and those wounds which have been passed through clearing stations in rush periods without receiving surgical
Vocational training for general practice
Authors: A. Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1980)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Genetic and genomic analysis of nucleic acids from environmental samples has helped transform our perception of the Earth’s subsurface as a major reservoir of microbial novelty. Many of the microbial taxa living in the subsurface are under-represented in culture-dependent investigations. In this regard, metagenomic analyses of subsurface environments exemplify both the utility of metagenomics and its power to explore microbial life in some of the most extreme and inaccessible environments on Earth. Hitherto, the transfer of microbial samples to home laboratories for DNA sequencing and bioinformatics is the standard operating procedure for exploring microbial diversity. This approach incurs logistical challenges and delays the characterization of microbial biodiversity. For selected applications, increased portability and agility in metagenomic analysis is therefore desirable. Here, we describe the implementation of sample extraction, metagenomic library preparation, nanopore DNA sequencing and taxonomic classification using a portable, battery-powered, suite of off-the-shelf tools (the “MetageNomad”) to sequence ochreous sediment microbiota while within the South Wales Coalfield. While our analyses were frustrated by short read lengths and a limited yield of DNA, within the assignable reads, Proteobacterial (α-, β-, γ-<i>Proteobacteria</i>) taxa dominated, followed by members of <i>Actinobacteria, Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, all of which have previously been identified in coals. Further to this, the fungal genus <i>Candida</i> was detected, as well as a methanogenic archaeal taxon. To the best of our knowledge, this application of the MetageNomad represents an initial effort to conduct metagenomics within the subsurface, and stimulates further developments to take metagenomics off the beaten track.
The Clinical Teaching Pendulum Has Swung Too Far.
Authors: De Forest Willard.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Philadelphia, July 29, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My experience with students has convinced me that we have swung a little too far in the direction of clinical teaching; that at the present time we are giving them too few systematic ideas in regard to disease. The picture of disease as presented to them in a single clinical case may show but a few of the characteristic evidences of the malady, and may differ widely from the usual and ordinary. The student needs in the first place to acquire a thorough outline of the average case; after that he can apply with greater advantage his knowledge to the individual. The clinical lecturer as a rule lays especial emphasis on the symptoms of the case before him, which may be very misleading, or at least, imperfect.
Killing of cutaneous microbial species by photodynamic therapy
Authors: B. Zeina, J. Greenman, W.M. Purcell, B. Das
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes photosensitizers and light. Whereas PDT use in cancer treatment has been widely accepted, antimicrobial PDT (APDT) is still in its early stages of development.To study microbial killing in vitro using APDT.We used a combination of methylene blue and visible light, and a range of microbial species representative of those encountered on the skin in health and disease. Using standard light intensity conditions (slide projector, 25 cm distance from target, 42 mW cm(-2)) and methylene blue dye at 100 microg mL(-1), kill rates and subsequent D-values were determined against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Corynebacterium minutissimum, Propionibacterium acnes and Candida albicans.D-values for these species were 72, 66, 48, 120, 30 and 660 s, respectively. The effects of light intensity on the killing of S. epidermidis showed the kill rate to be proportional to the light intensity. A high rate of cell kill was also obtained using natural sunlight.Overall, these results indicate that APDT of the skin may represent a useful alternative to conventional antimicrobial treatment.
Macrophage deficiency of p38α MAPK promotes apoptosis and plaque necrosis in advanced atherosclerotic lesions in mice
Authors: Tracie A. Seimon, Yibin Wang, Seongah Han, Takafumi Senokuchi, Dorien M. Schrijvers, George Kuriakose, Alan R. Tall, Ira A. Tabas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

ER stress occurs in macrophage-rich areas of advanced atherosclerotic lesions and contributes to macrophage apoptosis and subsequent plaque necrosis. Therefore, signaling pathways that alter ER stress–induced apoptosis may affect advanced atherosclerosis. Here we placed Apoe–/– mice deficient in macrophage p38α MAPK on a Western diet and found that they had a marked increase in macrophage apoptosis and plaque necrosis. The macrophage p38α–deficient lesions also exhibited a significant reduction in collagen content and a marked thinning of the fibrous cap, which suggests that plaque progression was advanced in these mice. Consistent with our in vivo data, we found that ER stress–induced apoptosis in cultured primary mouse macrophages was markedly accelerated under conditions of p38 inhibition. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of p38 suppressed activation of Akt in cultured macrophages and in atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, inhibition of Akt enhanced ER stress–induced macrophage apoptosis, and expression of a constitutively active myristoylated Akt blocked the enhancement of ER stress–induced apoptosis that occurred with p38 inhibition in cultured cells. Our results demonstrate that p38α MAPK may play a critical role in suppressing ER stress–induced macrophage apoptosis in vitro and advanced lesional macrophage apoptosis in vivo.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION OF THE SARCOMERE AND IMPAIRED REGIONAL SYSTOLIC STRAIN IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Pieter A. Vriesendorp, E Rosalie Witjas-Paalberends, Arend Schinkel, Vasco Sequeira, Osama Soliman, Folkert Ten Cate, Jolanda van der Velden, Michelle Michels
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Studies of the elevated extracellular concentration of cyclic AMP in uremic man.
Authors: P Hamet, D A Stouder, H E Ginn, J G Hardman, G W Liddle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of elevation of plasma cyclic AMP in uremic man. Plasma cyclic AMP was measured in 15 normal subjects and in 18 patients with severe renal failure. In some members from both groups the kinetic parameters of the metabolism of extracellular cyclic AMP were measured. Plasma cyclic AMP was elevated from 23 nM in control subjects to 59 nM in uremic patients, regardless of the presence or absence of the kidneys or parathyroid glands. A single pass of uremic blood through a Kiil hemodialyzer decreased plasma cyclic AMP from 58 to 30 nM. The clearance of cyclic AMP by the dialyzer correlated directly with the blood flow passing through the machine. Hemodialysis for 6 h decreased plasma cyclic AMP levels in the systemic circulation by only 12%. Studies with tritiated cyclic AMP revealed a plasma clearance rate of 624 ml/min in normal subjects and of 344 ml/min in patients with uremia. Such a large decrease in plasma clearance rate cannot be explained by a failure of urinary excretion of cyclic AMP and suggests impairment of "metabolic clearance." In addition, the "plasms production rate" of cyclic AMP was 65% higher in patients with renal failure than in normal subjects. It is concluded that the elevation of plasma cyclic AMP in uremic man is due to a combination of: (a) lack of urinary excretion, (b) decreases metabolic clearance, and (c) increased production of plasma cyclic AMP.
Decreased Post-Heparin Lipases in Graves’s Disease
Authors: Daniel L. Arons, Paul H. Schreibman, Patricia Downs, Lewis E. Braverman, Ronald A. Arky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract The plasma post-heparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) and post-heparin monoglyceridase activity (PHMA) were determined in patients with Graves's disease and treated toxic nodular goiter. Both enzymes were markedly reduced in patients with active Graves's disease. Fasting serum triglycerides were normal or slightly below normal despite low post-heparin lipases. In these patients, restudied after propranolol therapy or within six months of euthyroid control with 131l, propylthiouracil or methimazole, PHLA and PHMA remained below normal. A separate group of patients with treated Graves's disease, who were euthyroid for as long as six years, also had low post-heparin lipases. Enzyme activity did not correlate with the presence of the long acting thyroid stimulator. In contrast, patients with treated toxic nodular goiter had normal PHLA and PHMA. Control subjects made hypermetabolic with tri-iodothyronine or thyroxine had normal post-heparin enzyme activities. Persistently low PHLA and PHMA may be a marke...
New York physician is convicted of healthcare fraud linked to personal injury claims
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A New York pediatrician has become the first doctor convicted in the largest ever medical fraud to target a no fault road crash insurance scheme. Tatyana Gabinskaya, 60, a former assistant professor of pediatrics at Mt Sinai College of Medicine, was convicted in a Brooklyn federal court of one count of healthcare fraud, one count of mail fraud, and two counts of conspiracy. She faces sentencing in January on charges that carry penalties of up to 20 years.

Gabinskaya is the 32nd defendant to be convicted in the case. Thirty one, including three physicians, have pleaded guilty to various charges.

The group, which federal prosecutors named the “No fault organization,” exploited provisions in New York’s medical insurance law …
SIMPLIFIED METHODS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF BLOOD PLASMA IN EMERGENCIES
Authors: Louis K. Pitman
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Normal human blood plasma is a satisfactory substitute for whole blood in the treatment of certain conditions, such as shock with or without hemorrhage, burns and the restoration and maintenance of body proteins, and in the emergency treatment of severe hemorrhage. It has the advantage of not undergoing progressive changes or requiring typing or cross matching. The usefulness of blood plasma is enhanced when it is prepared in powder form by the lyophile process, for then it can be stored a long time without deterioration. As available on the market, powdered blood plasma is packed in an ampule vial, accompanied by a bottle containing 250 cc. of sterilized distilled water. When the two are mixed they yield the original volume of the untreated blood plasma. This solution is effected by means of a double pointed connecting needle, one point of which is inserted manually through the stopper in the vial
Agouti-related peptide–expressing neurons are mandatory for feeding
Authors: Eva Gropp, Marya Shanabrough, Erzsebet Borok, Allison W Xu, Ruth Janoschek, Thorsten Buch, Leona Plum, Nina Balthasar, Brigitte Hampel, Ari Waisman, Gregory S Barsh, Tamas L Horvath, Jens C Brüning
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2005)
Correlative Imaging in a Patient with Necrotic Adrenal Pheochromocytoma
Authors: MORAKINYO OYEWOLE TONEY, JAMES W. BROWN, JAMES D. HEIRONIMUS, STEPHEN ROSENBLATT, MAYOLA BOYKIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A 27-year-old woman was admitted for abdominal pain. A left adrenal mass was demonstrated by CT, l-131 MIBG, and Tc-99m DTPA scintigraphy. Gross and microscopic findings were consistent with a necrotic left adrenal pheochromocytoma.
More health staff are needed to contain Ebola outbreak, warns WHO
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A lack of health workers and materials is hampering efforts to contain the Ebola outbreak in west Africa, World Health Organization officials have warned.

At a press conference to provide more information on WHO’s “roadmap” to guide and coordinate the international response to the outbreak,1 Keiji Fukuda, WHO’s assistant director general for health security, said that the “single most important” thing holding back relief efforts was that “we don’t have enough people on the ground”—including health workers, laboratory technicians, drivers, and mortuary workers. It takes 200 to 250 people to care for 80 patients with Ebola, said Fukuda, who added that several thousand more health workers were needed to contain the epidemic.

The latest figures on the outbreak, dated 28 August, showed that Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Nigeria had had 3069 confirmed cases, including …
Diagnostic Limitations of Metachromasia
Authors: Aubrey Milunsky, John W. Littlefield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

In 1966 Danes and Bearn reported the presence of granules taking a metachromatic stain in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts cultured from the skin of patients with the genetic mucopolysaccharidoses.1 Since then similar observations in their laboratory and elsewhere have been made in over 17 diseases,2 the most common of which is cystic fibrosis. Indeed Danes and Bearn report that they are able to distinguish three varieties of cystic fibrosis that breed true to form, on the basis of the number, nature and size of the granules.3 Their contributions have stimulated many to investigate these and other diseases at the cellular . . .
Open-Heart Surgery and The Psyche
Authors: Donald S. Kornfeld
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  I do not believe your editorial Open-Heart Surgery and the Psyche ( 212 :1370, 1970) accurately presents the prior body of work in this field or the data presented by Tufo and his associates in the excellent paper which stimulated the writing of the editorial. 1 I have worked in the area of psychiatric complications of open-heart surgery for some time and do not believe that the literature reflects the theoretical dichotomy between psychogenic and organic etiology which your editorial writer describes. While some papers have emphasized psychogenic factors and others organic factors, most have acknowledged the postoperative reactions to be a complex interaction of many variables.  Your editorial thus oversimplifies complex phenomena. It implies that all post cardiotomy psychiatric problems are, in effect, merely the product of brain damage produced during the operation. My concern is that the role of a variety of other factors may thus
Starting a new consultant post
Authors: R. Hardern
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Newly appointed consultants are sufficiently trained for independent clinical practice; “Seeing patients is the easy bit” seems to be their mantra. The most challenging part of a post may be managerial, administrative, or educational. The aim of this article is to highlight issues we believe should be considered by anyone who has recently been appointed. These are numerous and are likely to be greater with increasing family size (and in families where both partners are doctors). Even for those without a family, seeking housing is a task that few relish. You may find it necessary to live in hospital accommodation initially. Seek assurances from the hospital at interview about the quality and cost of such quarters. It may be preferable to rent a house of your own choosing, and then to commit to a purchase when you have acquired a little local knowledge. Renting does enable you and your family to test out an area. Most contracts require staff to live within a certain radius of the base hospital. With this information and an idea of the size and sort of property you want and the price you can afford, a good estate agent should be able to help. It may be useful to join the mailing list of several as soon as you are appointed. ### Housing, schooling, and transport #### Housing #### Schooling or child care #### Transport
Hamilton Bailey's Emergency Surgery
Authors: Robert J. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1987)

This is the 11th edition of Hamilton Bailey's classic textbook on emergency surgery, and, as proudly proclaimed on the title page, the sales of this book have totaled 68 000 since the initial publication in 1930. Obviously, such longevity and commercial success indicate that the product has been in high demand, and that should be the case in this current edition. Emergency medicine has developed broad appeal to students and house officers because of its scope and the gratification of early success in resuscitation and immediate definitive care. This work is an important addition to emergency departments as a quick reference for those not fully trained in surgery.  The authors of this text largely emanate from the United Kingdom, although single contributors were recruited from Iraq, Natal, and Hong Kong and one former member of the group is now residing in Connecticut. There is a definite British flavor to the
Statistics Notes: Interaction 1: heterogeneity of effects
Authors: D. G Altman, J. N S Matthews
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In several types of study we may want to examine the consistency of an observed relation across two or more subgroups of the individuals studied. For example, in a clinical trial we might want to know if the observed treatment difference is the same for young and old patients or for different stages of disease at presentation. In an epidemiological study we might want to know whether the observed relation between an exposure and disease is different among smokers and non-smokers

In such cases we are interested in examining whether one effect is modified by the value of another variable. This may be viewed as the examination of the heterogeneity of an observed effect, such as treatment benefit in a clinical trial, across subsets of individuals. The statistical term for heterogeneity of this type is …
SIMPLE VACUUM APPARATUS FOR SUPPURATING EARS
Authors: E. W. Carpenter
Journal: JAMA (1923)

We have for years employed a glass dropper with the small end placed in a short rubber tube, as a routine part of home treatment in all forms of suppuration of the middle ear. The power is supplied by the mouth of the patient, if old enough, or by a member of the family. A rubber bulb can be used also, but this does not regulate the vacuum so well as the mouth. The vacuum and dry mopping are used alternately several times daily until the ear is dried at each treatment. This is one of the most satisfactory factors we possess in the treatment of cases of suppuration.
An Emerging Role for Epigenetic Dysregulation in Arsenic Toxicity and Carcinogenesis
Authors: Xuefeng Ren, Cliona M. McHale, Christine F. Skibola, Allan H. Smith, Martyn T. Smith, Luoping Zhang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Exposure to arsenic, an established human carcinogen, through consumption of highly contaminated drinking water is a worldwide public health concern. Several mechanisms by which arsenical compounds induce tumorigenesis have been proposed, including oxidative stress, genotoxic damage, and chromosomal abnormalities. Recent studies have suggested that epigenetic mechanisms may also mediate toxicity and carcinogenicity resulting from arsenic exposure.We examined the evidence supporting the roles of the three major epigenetic mechanisms-DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA (miRNA) expression-in arsenic toxicity and, in particular, carcinogenicity. We also investigated future research directions necessary to clarify epigenetic and other mechanisms in humans.We conducted a PubMed search of arsenic exposure and epigenetic modification through April 2010 and summarized the in vitro and in vivo research findings, from both our group and others, on arsenic-associated epigenetic alteration and its potential role in toxicity and carcinogenicity.Arsenic exposure has been shown to alter methylation levels of both global DNA and gene promoters; histone acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation; and miRNA expression, in studies analyzing mainly a limited number of epigenetic end points. Systematic epigenomic studies in human populations exposed to arsenic or in patients with arsenic-associated cancer have not yet been performed. Such studies would help to elucidate the relationship between arsenic exposure, epigenetic dysregulation, and carcinogenesis and are becoming feasible because of recent technological advancements.