tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Murray S. Feldstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters3 April 2012Screening for Prostate CancerMurray S. Feldstein, MDMurray S. Feldstein, MDFrom Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although there is much to applaud in Chou and colleagues' review (1), their conclusions may do more harm than good. The authors have studied mortality as a primary end point. As an elderly urologist who spent almost half of his career in the pre-PSA testing era, I can personally attest to another and perhaps even more important factor that is being overlooked—that of patients with advanced prostate cancer.I no longer see patients with bulky types of cancer that bleed and obstruct their urinary tracts. Many of these patients required emergency procedures and were left with permanent ...References1. Chou R, Croswell JM, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Blazina I, Fu R, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:762-71. [PMID: 21984740] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Aus G, Bergdahl S, Lodding P, Lilja H, Hugosson J. Prostate cancer screening decreases the absolute risk of being diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer—results from a prospective, population-based randomized controlled trial. Eur Urol. 2007;51:659-64. [PMID: 16934392] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Murray S. Feldstein, MDAffiliations: From Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Prostate Cancer: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Roger Chou , Jennifer M. Croswell , Tracy Dana , Christina Bougatsos , Ian Blazina , Rongwei Fu , Ken Gleitsmann , Helen C. Koenig , Clarence Lam , Ashley Maltz , J. Bruin Rugge , and Kenneth Lin Screening for Prostate Cancer Roger Chou and Jennifer M. Croswell Screening for Prostate Cancer Sigrid Carlsson , Andrew Vickers , Hans Lilja , and Jonas Hugosson Screening for Prostate Cancer M'Liss A. Hudson Metrics 3 April 2012Volume 156, Issue 7Page: 540KeywordsCancer screeningCancer treatmentCathetersConflicts of interestDigital rectal examinationElderlyMortalityOrchiectomyParaplegiaProstate cancer ePublished: 3 April 2012 Issue Published: 3 April 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Case–control study of risk factors of myelodysplastic syndromes according to World Health Organization classification in a Chinese population
Authors: Ling Lv, Guowei Lin, Guowei Lin, Xiang Gao, Cuie Wu, Junmin Dai, Yongchen Yang, Hejian Zou, Hengjuan Sun, Minghua Gu, Xi Chen, Hua Fu, Liming Bao
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Risk factors of mydelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remain largely unknown. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study consisting of 403 newly diagnosed MDS patients according to World Health Organization classification and 806 individually gender and age-matched patient controls from 27 major hospitals in Shanghai, China, to examine relation of lifestyle, environmental, and occupational factors to risk of MDS. The study showed that all MDS (all subtypes combined) risk factors included anti tuberculosis drugs [odds ratio (OR)(adj) = 3.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-8.12] as an independent risk factor, benzene (OR(adj) = 3.73; 95% CI = 1.32-10.51), hair dye use (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.03-2.07), new building and renovations (OR = 1.69; 95% CI = 1.11-2.00), pesticides (OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.22-3.82), and herbicides (OR = 5.33; 95% CI = 1.41-20.10) as relative risk factors. Risk factors of MDS subtype refractory cytopenia with multiple dysplasia (RCMD) were benzene (OR(adj) = 5.99; 95% CI = 1.19-30.16) and gasoline (OR(adj) = 11.44; 95% CI = 1.31-100.03) as independent risk factors, and traditional Chinese medicines (OR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.15-4.07), pesticides (OR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.37-6.25), and herbicides (OR = 12.00; 95% CI = 1.44-99.67) as relative risk factors. Smoking tobacco was significantly associated with refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) (OR(adj) = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.02-5.77). Education is shown as an independent protective factor against all MDS (OR(adj) = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.83-0.99) and RCMD (OR(adj) = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79-0.99). These findings suggest that multiple modifiable behavioral, environmental, and occupational factors play a role in MDS etiology, and various MDS subtypes may have different susceptibility.
The natural history of human T lymphotropic virus-III infection: the cause of AIDS.
Authors: M Melbye
Journal: BMJ (1986)

This article reviews current knowledge on the etiology modes of transmission immunologic aspects clinical outcome and prevention of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).  The isolation of a human retrovirus as the etiologic agent has facilitated clearer understanding of the natural history of AIDS.  Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) have been found in over 90% of AIDS patients 80-100% of those with related conditions such as unexplained persistent generalized lymphadenopathy but only 1% of people outside the defined risk groups.  4-7 weeks seems to be the latency period for the development of antibodies in cases of parenteral exposure whereas the amount of time required for seroconversion after sexual transmission is unknown.  HTLV-III has been isolated from lymphocytes in peripheral blood bone marrow cells spinal fluid and brain tissue lymph nodes cell free plasma saliva semen and tears.  The risk of infection seems to depend most on the route of exposure i.e. blood and blood products sexual contact parenteral drug use and prostitution perinatal transmission.  Full blown AIDS is associated with the depression or aberration of most measurable cellular and humoral immune responses.  Among those seropositive to HTLV-III but without clinical signs of AIDS the viral interaction with the immune system is not well understood.  Even minor reductions in the rate with which HTLV-III is spread will have a large impact on the total number of infected persons a few years from now suggesting the importance of preventive education and counseling.  Promiscuity and anonymous sex should be discouraged.  Blood organ and sperm donors should be tested for antibodies.  Screening should be offered to women in high risk groups who are considering pregnancy and those who are antibody positive should be advised not to become pregnant at least until more knowledge is available.
Retinal–specific guanylate cyclase gene mutations in Leber's congenital amaurosis
Authors: Isabella Perrault, Jean Michel Rozet, Patrick Calvas, Sylvie Gerber, Agnès Camuzat, Hélène Dollfus, Sophie Châtelin, Eric Souied, Ihmad Ghazi, Corinne Leowski, Michel Bonnemaison, Denis Le Paslier, Jean Frézal, Jean-Louis Dufier, Steven Pittler, Arnold Munnich, Josseline Kaplan
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
High BAALC expression predicts chemoresistance in adult B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Andrea Kühnl, Nicola Gökbuget, Andrea Stroux, Thomas Burmeister, Martin Neumann, Sandra Heesch, Torsten Haferlach, Dieter Hoelzer, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Eckhard Thiel, Claudia D. Baldus
Journal: Blood (2010)
Pulmonary vascular abnormalities and ventilation-perfusion relationships in mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: J A Barberà, A Riverola, J Roca, J Ramirez, P D Wagner, D Ros, B R Wiggs, R Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Morphologic changes in pulmonary muscular arteries may modify the mechanisms that regulate the pulmonary vascular tone and contribute to maintaining an adequate ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) matching in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To analyze the relationships between the abnormalities of pulmonary muscular arteries and the degree of VA/Q inequality, and to assess the effect of these abnormalities on the changes in VA/Q relationships induced by oxygen breathing, we studied a group of patients with mild COPD undergoing resective lung surgery. According to the degree of airflow obstruction and the increase in VA/Q mismatch produced by 100% O2 breathing (delta logSD Q), patients were divided into three groups: (A) patients with normal lung function, (B) patients with airflow obstruction and a high response to oxygen (delta logSD Q > 0.4), and (C) patients with airflow obstruction and a low response to oxygen (delta logSD Q < 0.4). Pulmonary arteries in Groups B and C showed narrower lumens and thicker walls than in Group A. These morphologic changes were produced mainly by an enlargement of the intimal layer and were more pronounced in Group C than in Group B. The assessment of intimal area as a function of artery diameter showed that the increase in intima in Group C took place predominantly in arteries with small diameters (< 500 microns). The mean intimal area on each subject correlated with both the PaO2 value (r = -0.46, p < 0.05) and the overall index of VA/Q mismatching (r = 0.51, p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abstract P4-11-12: Neurocognitive Function and Quality of Life of Patients Treated within a Prospective Randomised Clinical Trial Testing the Role of Prophylactic Cranial Radiotherapy (PCI) in Patients Treated with Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) for Metastatic Breast Cancer. The Anglo Celtic VII Trial
Authors: PA Canney, J Paul, E Murray, L-A. Lewsley
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background. Various authors have reported a relatively high incidence of CNS metastases in patients with HER2 positive tumours receiving Trastuzumab based therapy for metastatic breast cancer. There has been concern with regard to the possible neuropsychological sequelae of PCI, although data from two prospective randomised trials assessing toxicity and quality of life after PCI for small cell lung cancer (UK02 and PCI 85) have failed to confirm this. Methods. The HER-PCI trial was a prospective randomised trial of PCI in patients with HER2 positive breast cancer who had progressive systemic disease and had Trastuzumab therapy + chemotherapy as planned treatment. Patients had a screening MRI or CT of the brain after randomisation with a view to excluding those with sub-clinical CNS disease. Neurocognitive function was assessed at baseline, 3,6 and 9 months from randomisation using EORTC QLQC30, EORTC neurological sub-scale BN20, Hospital anxiety and depression score (HADS) and the Addenbrookes Cognitive Examination (ACE-R). Patients were randomised 1:1 to no PCI or PCI delivered at around 6 weeks after the start of their systemic treatment for metastatic disease. The PCI dose was 30Gy in 10 fractions, a fraction deferred if due on a day of planned chemotherapy. Results. 51 patients entered the randomisation between March 2007 and March 2010. 25 received PCI and 26 did not. 46 (90%) of patients received Trastuzumab + chemotherapy and 5 patients single agent Trastuzumab. The mean age was 54 years. Results of the neurcognitive testing and QOL will be presented Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-12.
Malaria: Triple Whammy for a Traveler
Authors: Margaret E. Melton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Malaria remains a danger to nonimmune travelers in areas of the world where the disease is still endemic.<i>Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale</i>, and<i>Plasmodium malariae</i>are the four species of malaria that infect humans. Travelers usually contract no more than one of these species, so it is certainly rare for a person to acquire three species within a 15-month period. We report one such case. <h3>Report of a Case. —</h3> A 39-year-old white man who worked for a state university in Florida became ill while visiting the Philippines in May 1987. The patient, who had a fever and chills for 7 to 10 days, continued weekly malaria prophylaxis of sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroquine, and his condition improved. He returned to the United States on June 24,1987, and discontinued prophylaxis within 2 to 3 weeks. When fever and chills returned on August 1, 1987, his blood
Risk Assessment-Reply
Authors: Bertram D. Dinman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Lee properly makes the point that risk assessment frequently rests on frail bases. Indeed, his letter reiterates the position stated in the article in question, that "such figures are approximate and may have been calculated using different assumptions." Dr Lee indeed then does provide another set of assumptions. Finally, it is important to recognize that such data have meaning only in relative terms. To place absolute credence on risk calculations is to ignore the aphorism regarding statistics and their similarity to bikini bathing suits—what they reveal is interesting, what they conceal may be crucial.
Amino Acid Excretion in Alcoholic Cirrhosis.
Authors: Horace H. Zinneman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Amino Acid Excretion in Alcoholic Cirrhosis.Horace H. Zinneman, M.D., F.A.C.P., Richard P. Doe, M.D., F.A.C.P., Ulysses S. Seal, Ph.D.Horace H. Zinneman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Richard P. Doe, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Ulysses S. Seal, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1072_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt appears to be generally accepted that Laënnec's cirrhosis is associated with aminoaciduria. Recent reports by Dent and Knauff tended to place this concept on an insecure basis. Our measurements of free amino acids in plasma and urine were performed by ion-exchange chromatography on columns of Amberlite resin (Spinco aminoacid analyzer). The 24-hr urine excretion of free amino acids was related to the patient's weight. Seven patients were studied during precoma and upon maximal improvement. Contrary to most earlier reports the changes were found to be unspectacular. Plasma concentrations of amino acids proved to be remarkably stable. The urinary excretions... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Horace H. Zinneman, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Richard P. Doe, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Ulysses S. Seal, Ph.D.Affiliations: Minneapolis, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1072-1072KeywordsAlcoholicsAmino acidsAttentionBlood plasmaChromatographyCirrhosisExcretionUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Genomic instability in laminopathy-based premature aging
Authors: Baohua Liu, Jianming Wang, Kui Ming Chan, Wai Mui Tjia, Wen Deng, Xinyuan Guan, Jian-dong Huang, Kai Man Li, Pui Yin Chau, David J Chen, Duanqing Pei, Alberto M Pendas, Juan Cadiñanos, Carlos López-Otín, Hung Fat Tse, Chris Hutchison, Junjie Chen, Yihai Cao, Kathryn S E Cheah, Karl Tryggvason, Zhongjun Zhou
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Treating Mental Health Disorders
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychiatrist Attitudes toward Self-Treatment of Their Own Depression
Authors: Richard Balon
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

Self-treatment and treatments of friends or relatives is a controversial issue, tolerated by some and discouraged by others, including professionals. The author studied the attitudes toward self-treatment of depression among psychiatrists in Michigan.A questionnaire asking whether the psychiatrist would or did self-treat for depression was mailed to 830 members of the Michigan Psychiatric Society.The response rate was 68.3% (567 psychiatrists). Almost 43% of responders would consider self-medication or would self-medicate if afflicted with mild/moderate depression. Seven percent would self-medicate or consider self-medication for severe depression or if suicidal ideation became a component of one's depression. In the past, 15.7% responders treated themselves for depression.These results suggest that a considerable number of psychiatrists would treat themselves for depression, possibly because of fear of stigma or fear of a permanent record, or other reasons.
Limitation of Expiratory Flow in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: G. MICHAEL DUFFELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Loss of lung elastic recoil as an assessment of emphysema and increased airway resistance as a functional evaluation of chronic bronchitis were used to classify 25 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Impairment of steady-state exercise carbon monoxide transfer related linearly to loss of lung elastic recoil. Six patients had emphysema predominant; 7 had chronic bronchitis predominant; and 12 had functionally combined disease. From clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings, the combined disease group had greater sputum production, severe hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and a frequent history of respiratory insufficiency with heart failure. The combined-disease patients also had the most severe limitation of maximal expiratory flow rates. Those with emphysema and those with bronchitis had similar limitation of maximal expiratory flow rates. With emphysema, expiratory flow limitation was in direct proportion to loss of lung elastic recoil, whereas with bronchitis, limitation of expiratory flow rates was proportional to increase in resistance.
Tracheal Aspiration and Fiber Optic Bronchoscopy
Authors: Teruo Matsumoto
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Renz and his associates (219:619, 1972), and more recently Dr. Tahir (220:725, 1972) certainly deserve congratulations for pointing out the importance of ventilation during bronchoscopy with the fiber optic bronchoscope. As is well known, one of the most common causes of fever soon after surgery is atelectasis. Although prevention of atelectasis by frequent coughing and early walking is important, it is often necessary to use nasotracheal suction to mobilize secretions if atelectasis has already developed or is suspected. This procedure is relatively easy and has often been used. In some situations in which atelectasis was diagnosed, such tracheal aspiration is not effective but rather harmful, and a word of caution is offered. In patients with an established clinical diagnosis of atelectasis, an intra-arterial catheter was placed and connected to a medical mass spectrometer for continuous in vivo reading of blood oxygen pressure (Po<sub>2</sub>) and carbon
Differential Branch Pulmonary Artery Regurgitant Fraction Is a Function of Differential Pulmonary Arterial Anatomy and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Authors: Matthew A. Harris, Kevin K. Whitehead, Matthew J. Gillespie, Timothy Y. Liu, Michael T. Cosulich, David C. Shin, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Paul M. Weinberg, Mark A. Fogel
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Computed Tomography of the Body
Authors: Ronald D. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The authors have compiled a comprehensive text that is one of the better reference books currently available on computed tomographic examination of the body. The book begins with an obligatory introductory chapter on the basic principles of computed tomography (CT), but it ends with an exciting chapter that demonstrates the abilities of magnetic resonance imaging of the body. This final chapter serves as a preview of an imaging modality that I believe will become a great compliment to CT in the future. The subject material of the book covers the body from the neck down by separating the chapters into discussions according to body section and organ system. For example, there are chapters that separately cover the hepatobiliary system, the gastrointestinal tract, the spleen, the pancreas, the respiratory system, and the thorax; additional chapters each cover the kidneys, adrenal glands, retroperitoneum, and pelvis. There is also a chapter on the
Abnormalities of lung function in hay fever.
Authors: E J Morgan, D R Hall
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Twenty subjects with symptoms of hay fever were studied to see whether abnormalities could be detected in the function of small airways. The investigations included dynamic compliance at varying respiratory frequencies, closing capacity, residual volume, transfer factor, and maximal expiratory flow-volume curves. The tests were repeated in the winter when symptoms had resolved. Frequency dependence of compliance was found in eight subjects with symptoms (40%), closing capacities being abnormal in only two instances. Conventional pulmonary function tests, including expiratory flow rates at mid vital capacity, were within the predicted range of all subjects. When tests were repeated in the winter, frequency dependence of compliance was no longer present in subjects whose symptoms had resolved. The study suggests that reversible small airway abnormalities are present in a significant proportion of subjects with symptoms of hay fever and that such abnormalities are best detected by the measurement of dynamic compliance at varying respiratory frequencies.