tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
α <sub>1</sub> -Adrenoceptor Activation Increases Ecto-5′-Nucleotidase Activity and Adenosine Release in Rat Cardiomyocytes by Activating Protein Kinase C
Authors: Masafumi Kitakaze, Masatsugu Hori, Toshikazu Morioka, Tetsuo Minamino, Seiji Takashima, Yasushi Okazaki, Koichi Node, Kazuo Komamura, Katsuomi Iwakura, Takahito Itoh, Michitoshi Inoue, Takenobu Kamada
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Adenosine is an important regulator of many cardiac functions and is synthesized primarily by ecto- and cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase. We have previously reported that alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade attenuates adenosine release from ischemic myocardium, raising the possibility that alpha 1-adrenoceptor activation activates 5'-nucleotidase. This study tested whether activation of protein kinase C by alpha 1-adrenoceptor activation increases 5'-nucleotidase activity and augments adenosine release.Cardiomyocytes were isolated from adult male Wistar rats and suspended in modified HEPES-Tyrode's buffer solution. After stabilization, the cardiomyocytes were incubated with and without an exposure to norepinephrine (10(-9) to 10(-5) mol/L) while being treated with propranolol and yohimbine or with and without an exposure to methoxamine (10(-9) to 10(-5) mol/L). Ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity was increased by norepinephrine and methoxamine during 30 minutes in a dose-dependent manner, whereas cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase was not activated. These increases in ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity were inhibited by GF109203X, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, and mimicked by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an activator of protein kinase C. The increase in ecto-5'-nucleotidase was not prevented by cycloheximide. When ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity increased, adenosine release was augmented in methoxamine- and PMA-treated cardiomyocytes (1299 +/- 252% and 1372 +/- 149%, respectively) compared with the untreated group (578 +/- 26%). The increase in adenosine release was blunted by GF109203X and alpha, beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-diphosphate, an inhibitor of ecto-5'-nucleotidase.Thus, we conclude that alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated increases in ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity are attributed to activation of protein kinase C in rat cardiomyocytes.
Effect of heparin on the inactivation of serum lipoprotein lipase by the liver in unanesthetized dogs
Authors: Thomas F. Whayne, James M. Felts, Phillip A. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The injection of heparin into the circulation produces a rapid increase in circulating serum lipoprotein lipase. The lipolysis system apparently circulates as a heparin-apoenzyme complex. Lipoprotein lipase activity disappears from the circulation in an exponential fashion. Available evidence suggests that a major site of removal of lipoprotein lipase activity is the liver. We have evaluated the efficiency of the inactivation system in catheterized unanesthetized dogs by studying the portal vein-hepatic vein difference in lipoprotein lipase activity. Our results demonstrate the high efficiency of the inactivation system in vivo. The results of this study also show that high levels of heparin can block the inactivation system and suggest a possible two-step mechanism. The first step in inactivation may involve the destruction of heparin by a liver heparinase. This step may induce dissociation of the active complex. After dissociation, the apoenzyme is apparently removed in a second step.
THE FATE OF THE GIANT CELLS WHICH FORM IN THE ABSORPTION OF COAGULATED BLOOD SERUM IN THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER OF THE RABBIT'S EYE
Authors: Ludvig Hektoen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1898)

The conclusion seems warranted that the giant cells formed in the absorption of coagulated blood serum inserted into the anterior chamber of the rabbit's eye subdivide again into uninuclear small cells that take part with other new-formed cells derived from the lining of this space to form a densely fibrillated mass of tissue that resembles quite closely the cornea in its structure. This demonstration materially strengthens the opinion expressed by the writer in his previous article in this Journal,* that the giant cells in healing non-degenerated tuberculous tissue may separate into small living cells, and that the giant cells of tuberculosis are not necrobiotic elements from the very moment and from the very mode of their formation, as has been the general teaching, especially in Germany.
Perceptions of perceptual symbols
Authors: Lawrence W. Barsalou
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Various defenses of amodal symbol systems are addressed, including amodal symbols in sensory-motor areas, the causal theory of concepts, supramodal concepts, latent semantic analysis, and abstracted amodal symbols. Various aspects of perceptual symbol systems are clarified and developed, including perception, features, simulators, category structure, frames, analogy, introspection, situated action, and development. Particular attention is given to abstract concepts, language, and computational mechanisms.
Hospice Care: The Cheaper Alternative
Authors: A. Mitchell, D. Hunter, D. Blackhurst, C. Stroud, B. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Hospice care is the logical choice for many terminally ill patients since it allows the patient to remain at home as much as possible. According to a 1992 Gallup poll, nine of 10 Americans prefer this option.<sup>1</sup>But instead of staying at home, dying Americans are usually in hospitals during their last 2 months of life spending vast sums of money<sup>2</sup>(and written communication, David L. Felsenthal, research manager, The Advisory Board Company, Washington, DC, No vember 18, 1993) to get what they say they do not want, ie, expensive and commonly painful acute terminal care, frequently in intensive care units. In addition to being the alternative people say they want, hospice care is also less costly for the terminally ill. Looking at the economic savings of hospice care, we completed a retrospective study of charges incurred by patients with comparable diagnoses of lung, colon,
A Preliminary Report on the Pharmacokinetics of Ofloxacin, Desmethyl Ofloxacin and Ofloxacin N-Oxide in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: L. O. White, A. P. MacGowan, A. M. Lovering, D. S. Reeves, I. G. Mackay
Journal: Drugs (1987)
THE BACILLUS COLI COMMUNIS IN HUMAN INFECTIONS.
Authors: AUGUST JEROME LARTIGAU
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>INTRODUCTION.</h3> The conception of the bacillus coli communis* as a pathogenic factor in disease begins with its earliest history; and the suspicion at first entertained of a possible relationship to certain human infections has been confirmed from many sources. But with the early development of the idea of pathogenic significance the organism was given undue prominence in disease. Whilst its association with a multitude of lesions as different in distribution as they are varied in character is now clearly established, the closer studies of the last few years indicate that its inciting part is certainly one of less independence than many writers are disposed to admit. Recent investigations which have enlisted more exact and more comprehensive methods of technique reveal in the lesions in which the colon bacillus is so commonly found, other micro-organisms, especially pyogenic cocci, and sometimes bacteria of the anaërobic class<sup>1</sup>whose primary importance is more
WHO will review its response to Ebola once outbreak is under control
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The World Health Organization has said it will review how it responded to the outbreak of Ebola virus disease in west Africa once the infection is under control. Media reports had said that an internal WHO document had concluded that poor communication and incompetent staff led to delays in containing the outbreak.

The Associated Press reported the document as saying that WHO staff “failed to see some fairly plain writing on the wall.”

WHO figures from 17 …
Smoking and Chewing of Tobacco in Relation to Cancer of the Upper Alimentary Tract
Authors: L. D. Sanghvi, K. C. M. Rao, V. R. Khanolkar
Journal: BMJ (1955)

There is accumulating reliable and well-sifted evidence to suggest that the tendency for cancer generally to grow in man is about the same in most parts of the world.On the other hand, the " organ distribution" of cancer is often strikingly dissimilar in different groups of population, varies greatly from one country to another, and differs in different communities in the same geographical region.Thus, for instance, an earlier study (Khanolkar, 1950) showed that intraoral cancer was relatively more prevalent in Bombay than in New York or London.It accounted for 35.9 % of all cancer cases at the Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, as against 16% of cancer cases in the New York and 6.7% in London hospitals.Further, even as regards the commonest site for the occurrence of oral cancer there is a noticeable difference in various localities in India.Cancer of the lip is the commonest type of oral cancer in Bihar, of the buccal mucosa and alveolar margin in Travancore and somne parts of Madras, of the base of the tongue in During recent years a large number of studies have demonstrated that there is an association between lung cancer and the amount of tobacco smoked (Doll and Hill, 1950
ABC of complementary medicine: Acupuncture
Authors: A. Vickers, C. Zollman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Acupuncture is the stimulation of special points on the body, usually by the insertion of fine needles. Originating in the Far East about 2000 years ago, it has made various appearances in the history of European and north American medicine. William Osler, for example, used acupuncture therapeutically in the 19th century. Acupuncture’s recent popularity in the West dates from the 1970s, when President Nixon visited China.
Dutch health minister announces plan to reduce country's perinatal mortality
Authors: H. Croonen
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Dutch health minister told the Dutch parliament last week what steps she wanted to see taken in the Netherlands to improve the country’s perinatal mortality rate.

In a letter to the parliament Edith Schippers said that the higher infant death rate in the Netherlands than in other European countries was “worrying.” 

“Some of these deaths can be prevented by better obstetric care,” she claimed.

As evidence she cited a study published recently in the BMJ showing that infants of low risk pregnant women whose labour started outside hospitals under the supervision of a midwife had a higher risk of perinatal death than did infants of pregnant women at high …
STERILITY AND THE X-RAYS
Authors: MAX HUHNER
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Every dermatologist knows and has known for a long time that the x-rays in sufficient doses interfere with the spermatogenic function of the testicle or destroy it entirely. Consequently, when he uses this modality about the genital organs for therapeutic purposes he is careful to protect these organs from any possibility of being affected by the x-rays. In my practice, however, I have had a few patients who, in spite of such protection, became sterile although previously fertile, and, as far as could be determined by the most painstaking investigation, this was the sole cause for the sterility. I would emphasize that the cases referred to were not treated by general practitioners or those who only occasionally employ the x-rays but generally by expert and experienced dermatologists, fully aware of the danger, and, according to the patients' statements, adequately protected the genitals. In most of the cases the x-rays had
Excitement over immunomodulation inundates clinical research meetings
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Some Legal Problems of the Industrial Physician
Authors: —Wayne G. Hoppe
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ONE of the industrial physician's most important responsibilities involves physical examinations of prospective or actual employees. When a physician is employed to physically examine a person in the interest of a third-party individual or corporation to determine the former's suitability for employment, a question arises regarding the relationship between the examining physician and the person to be examined. In<i>Hoover vs Williamson</i><sup>1</sup>the court said "that there is not a doctor-patient relationship between... a prospective or actual employee and the doctor who examines him for the employer." However, the court also noted that such a physician may incur liability where he "undertakes to render services which he should recognize as necessary to another's bodily safety, and leads the other in reasonable reliance on the services to refrain from taking other protective steps, or to enter on a dangerous course of conduct." If a physician fails to exercise due care
Effects of extracellular matrices on tube formation of cultured rat hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells
Authors: Satoshi Shakado, Shotaro Sakisaka, Kazunori Noguchi, Masao Yoshitake, Masaru Harada, Yoshihiro Mimura, Michio Sata, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

To determine the effects of extracellular matrices on the function and morphology of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells, isolated rat hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells were cultured in three-dimensional fashion on collagen gel containing various extracellular matrix components. Cells cultured on type I collagen gel with or without type IV collagen formed a cobblestone appearance on the surface of the gel. Cells cultured on laminin-containing type I collagen gel invaded the gel and exhibited three-dimensional tube formation with a decreased number of characteristic endothelial pores. Morphometrically, there was a significant relationship between the length of the tube formed and the concentration of laminin in the type I collagen gel. Cells cultured on Matrigel, which contains high concentrations of laminin, type IV collagen, fibroblast growth factor, tissue plasminogen activator, and other growth factors, formed a great number of tubes into a network on the surface of the gel, as is observed in the situ hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells. Ultrastructurally, tube-forming endothelial cells cultured on Matrigel had many endothelial pores on the cell surface, with tubes (approximately 10 microns in diameter) formed by two or three hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells. These results indicated that extracellular matrix components, especially laminin, induced the formation of tubes in cultured rat hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells. Tube-forming sinusoidal endothelial cells cultured on Matrigel could provide more advantages than the two-dimensional culture model for investigating the function and morphology of these cells in vitro.
Stopping the Bleeding in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Devin L. Brown, Lewis B. Morgenstern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Beyond aggressive supportive care, clinicians have not had specific treatments to offer patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The article by Mayer et al.1 in this issue of the Journal offers new hope for targeted therapy for this frequent cause of neurologic disability and death. Intracerebral hemorrhage is estimated to account for 10 to 15 percent of all strokes and to have a one-year mortality greater than 60 percent.2 In the Far East, intracerebral hemorrhage is even more common, accounting for almost 30 percent of strokes in China.3 Approximately 37,000 to 52,000 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage occur in the United States each . . .
Health Care Reform and Clinical Culture
Authors: Allan H Ropper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

It is a tired and cynical cadre of physicians who will implement health care reforms. Yet few published perspectives include the view from the factory floor. The usual platitudes about changing financial incentives, increasing efficiency, and delivering high-quality care sound naïve to clinicians who deal with the imperfections of human nature and the messy effects of illness on patients. Doctors are already, by training, sophisticated decision-making machines, capable of achieving extreme efficiency through the use of heuristics and experience.The main problems that clinicians face in achieving efficiency and reducing costs are, first, a perceived need for certainty in diagnosis . . .
Mimicking normal tissue architecture and perturbation in cancer with engineered micro-epidermis
Authors: Julien E. Gautrot, Chunming Wang, Xin Liu, Stephen J. Goldie, Britta Trappmann, Wilhelm T.S. Huck, Fiona M. Watt
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)

Correct tissue architecture is essential for normal physiology, yet there have been few attempts to recreate tissues using micro-patterning. We have used polymer brush micro-engineering to generate a stratified micro-epidermis with fewer than 10 human keratinocytes. Epidermal stem cells are captured on 100 μm diameter circular collagen-coated disks. Within 24 h they assemble a stratified micro-tissue, in which differentiated cells have a central suprabasal location. For rings with a non-adhesive centre of up to 40 μm diameter, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesive interactions together result in correct micro-epidermis assembly. Assembly requires actin polymerization, adherens junctions and desmosomes, but not myosin II-mediated contractility nor coordinated cell movement. Squamous cell carcinoma cells on micro-patterned rings exhibit disturbed architecture that correlates with the characteristics of the original tumours. The micro-epidermis we have generated provides a new platform for screening drugs that modulate tissue assembly, quantifying tissue stratification and investigating the properties of tumour cells.
Expression and distribution of atrial natriuretic peptide in human hypertrophic ventricle of hypertensive hearts and hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: G Takemura, H Fujiwara, M Mukoyama, Y Saito, K Nakao, A Kawamura, M Ishida, M Kida, T Uegaito, M Tanaka
Journal: Circulation (1991)

To investigate the ventricular expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in human hypertrophic hearts, we conducted an immunohistochemical study of 130 endomyocardial biopsy specimens obtained from the right side of the ventricular septum (RVB), left ventricular free wall (LVB), or both from a total of 80 patients: 44 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), 14 with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (APH), 13 with hypertensive hearts (HHD), and nine without hypertrophy (controls). No patients had apparent congestive heart failure. ANP was not seen in ventricular myocytes in controls but was identified in biopsy specimens of hypertrophic hearts, and its distribution was characteristic in each hypertrophic group: 15 RVB (37%) and two LVB (7%) of the HCM group, one RVB (7%) and two LVB (18%) of the APH group, and zero RVB (0%) and five LVB (46%) of the HHD group. Clinical data (including echocardiographic, hemodynamic, and angiographic data) were not directly related to ventricular ANP expression in HCM, APH, or HHD with one exception. In HHD patients, LVB specimens with ANP showed greater ventricular wall thickness than LVB specimens without ANP. According to histological data, however, the ANP-present RVB specimens of HCM or ANP-present LVB specimens of HHD had greater myocyte size than did the ANP-absent specimens. In addition, in HCM patients, the ANP-present RVB specimens showed more severe fibrosis and myofiber disarray than did the ANP-absent specimens. We conclude that a failing state and hemodynamic overload are not likely to be indispensable for ANP expression in human hypertrophic ventricles and that ventricular ANP expression occurs as a response to disease-specific changes: hemodynamic overload in HHD and histological changes such as myocardial fiber disarray, hypertrophy of myocytes, and fibrosis in HCM, which may reflect the characteristic distribution of intraventricular ANP.
Clinical Hematology and Oncology: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: S. Troup
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal