tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Structure, stress, and tissue repair in aortic valve leaflets
Authors: J D. DECK, M. J THUBRIKAR, P. J SCHNEIDER, S. P NOLAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Journal Article Structure, stress, and tissue repair in aortic valve leaflets Get access J DAVID DECK, J DAVID DECK **From the Department of Anatomy, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MANO J THUBRIKAR, MANO J THUBRIKAR †From the Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar PETER J SCHNEIDER, PETER J SCHNEIDER **From the Department of Anatomy, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar STANTON P NOLAN STANTON P NOLAN †From the Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 22, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 7–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/22.1.7 Published: 01 January 1988 Article history Received: 10 June 1987 Accepted: 26 August 1987 Published: 01 January 1988
P1223 E2216 … A PROMISING DRUG LEAD THAT INHIBITS HCV INFECTIVITY THROUGH TARGETING HCV E2
Authors: R.R. Al Olaby, H. Azzazy, J. Dubuisson, L. Cocquerel, L. Saas, J. Vielmetter, S. Forli, J. Marcotrigiano, A.G. Khan, J. Whidby, A. Zemla, R. Balhorn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
A Review of Integrated Staging Systems for Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Malek Meskawi, Maxine Sun, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Marco Bianchi, Jens Hansen, Zhe Tian, Michael Rink, Salima Ismail, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Francesco Montorsi, Paul Perrotte, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Private Initiative in PSRO
Authors: Paul J. Sanazaro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Private initiative in PSRO (Pl) is a privately funded joint effort by five major professional organizations to influence the implementation of PSRO on behalf of the public interest. Working with five PSRO's, PI is testing a form of concurrent quality assurance and its effect on the immediate outcomes of hospital care. The project also promotes and evaluates participation in local PSRO's by representatives of the general public. The operating costs of PSRO's and their impact on hospital utilization and reimbursements by Medicare and Medicaid are being prospectively determined. A central issue addressed by PI is growing encroachment by the central administration of PSRO on private medicine's traditional responsibility for assuring the quality of care. PI seeks improved means of rendering a satisfactory public accounting in quality assurance as an alternative to federal regulation of this elemental professional function.
Mutations in BRIP1 confer high risk of ovarian cancer
Authors: Thorunn Rafnar, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Patrick Sulem, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Adalbjorg Jonasdottir, Soren Besenbacher, Pär Lundin, Simon N Stacey, Julius Gudmundsson, Olafur T Magnusson, Louise le Roux, Gudbjorg Orlygsdottir, Hafdis T Helgadottir, Hrefna Johannsdottir, Arnaldur Gylfason, Laufey Tryggvadottir, Jon G Jonasson, Ana de Juan, Eugenia Ortega, Jose M Ramon-Cajal, Maria D García-Prats, Carlos Mayordomo, Angeles Panadero, Fernando Rivera, Katja K H Aben, Anne M van Altena, Leon F A G Massuger, Mervi Aavikko, Paula M Kujala, Synnöve Staff, Lauri A Aaltonen, Kristrun Olafsdottir, Johannes Bjornsson, Augustine Kong, Anna Salvarsdottir, Hafsteinn Saemundsson, Karl Olafsson, Kristrun R Benediktsdottir, Jeffrey Gulcher, Gisli Masson, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Jose I Mayordomo, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Research Opportunities and Advances in Lung Disease
Authors: Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Lung diseases cause morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Susceptibility to pathogenesis of most lung diseases result from a complex interaction of a relevant challenge from the environment, genetic background, and the nature of the host responses. Cutting-edge research in lung disease now centers on understanding the lung as a genetically determined biological organ that functions to mediate gas exchange and defend against a hostile environment. A major challenge is to determine the hierarchy of gene expression that integrates the function of multiple cell types in this complex anatomy. Emerging therapies that will play a major role in the future treatment of lung disease include the use of recombinant proteins, including monoclonal antibodies, cell therapy (including stem cells), and gene therapy. Future advances will include the cure of the major hereditary lung disorders by gene therapy, new treatment for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung disease; development of vaccines to protect the lung from major lung pathogens; and pathogen-specific "designer" therapies to eradicate chronic lung infections.
Miss rate for colorectal neoplastic polyps: a prospective multicenter study of back-to-back video colonoscopies
Authors: D. Heresbach, T. Barrioz, M. Lapalus, D. Coumaros, P. Bauret, P. Potier, D. Sautereau, C. Boustière, J. Grimaud, C. Barthélémy, J. Sée, I. Serraj, P. D’Halluin, B. Branger, T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

See also: Commentaire de travail de D. Heresbach et al., pp. 284Endoscopy 2008; 40(04): 451-451DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306823
Lethal exacerbation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in severe combined immunodeficiency mice after infection by pneumonia virus of mice.
Authors: J B Roths, A L Smith, C L Sidman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Mice homozygous for the mutant allele scid (severe combined immunodeficiency) have been described as excellent models for Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) pneumonia (PCP), a major health problem in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other immunodeficiency states. Other microorganisms have been shown to infect AIDS patients simultaneously with Pc, but whether one opportunist is able to directly influence the pathogenicity of another has not been determined previously. We have deliberately coinfected scid mice (with extent Pc infection) with a variety of primarily pneumotropic viruses and bacteria and have identified pneumonia virus of mice as causing a dramatic increase in the density of Pc organisms and the morbidity due to PCP in immunodeficient scid mice. This finding has clinical significance in the management of PCP, in that the identification and treatment of coinfecting pneumotropic pathogens may be as important as treatment targeted at Pc. A search for other synergistic (or antagonistic) microorganisms and determination of their mechanism(s) of action in altering the progression of PCP is indicated.
Evaluation of Multipolar Effects in the High-Fidelity Standard Electrocardiogram by Means of Factor Analysis
Authors: NANCY C. FLOWERS, LEO G. HORAN, DANIEL A. BRODY
Journal: Circulation (1965)

The usefulness of factor analysis as a means of describing in both general and specific terms an equivalent cardiac generator has been explored. High-fidelity, high-frequency electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms of 31 normal subjects have been analyzed. The information in the electrocardiogram was reduced by factor analysis to the minimum number of independent waveforms which could account for all of this information. Because the first three principal factors might or might not represent a simple dipole, the efficiency of these three principal factors to resynthesize the originally recorded electrocardiograms was compared with the efficiency of McFee vectorcardiographic leads to perform the same resynthesis. The first three principal factors contained more information than that contained in the vectorcardiographic leads, suggesting that the factors contain more than simple dipolar information. This would in turn suggest that a more complex generator than the dipole must be employed to explain the surface potentials derived from the standard electrocardiogram. With only two principal factors the precordial leads were rather easily reconstructed but reconstruction of leads I and V F was considerably more difficult. Because the principal factors represent the most commonly occurring waveforms in the group, the less perfect resynthesis of leads I and V F with two factors alone may result from lack of detection of multipolar component in the limb leads which have less in common with the precordial leads than the precordial leads do with each other.
Significance of Rh-sensitization during Pregnancy: Its Relation to a Preventive Programme
Authors: J. C. Godel, D. I. Buchanan, J. M. Jarosch, M. McHugh
Journal: BMJ (1968)

A study of the incidence of Rh-sensitization showed a 6.5% incidence of anti-D appearing for the first time during the last trimester of pregnancy. In 24 of the 29 subjects these antibodies were weak, and were found only when a sensitive technique using enzyme-treated Rh-deletion test cells was employed. The remaining five, however, had high-titre antibodies, which were associated with a positive Coombs test on cord blood. Rh-immune globulin administered at delivery resulted in disappearance of the anti-D in all but one of the subjects with weak antibody to whom it was given, suggesting that this treatment can reverse early sensitization. There was no effect when Rh-immune globulin was given to one subject with a high anti-D titre. Since sensitization has been found to occur frequently during the last trimester of pregnancy, an antenatal schedule of prophylaxis is advocated.
Abdominal tuberculosis in Britain.
Authors: B K Mandal, P F Schofield
Journal: BMJ (1977)

the dopaminergic system.:'Thus the usual release of extrapyramidal overactivity by neuroleptics blocking dopamine receptors would be expected to occur less frequently in demented patients.In view of the con- siderable pressure, which is likely to increase in the future, on inadequate psychogeriatric services from an aging population the use of haloperidol should, I feel, be recom- mended as the drug of choice to help keep more elderly patients in the community.In 18 months, of 184 domiciliary visits, 40 were to demented patients (22 %); this re- flects the seriousness of this problem in general adult psychiatric practice in a representative urban community.
Changes in T-cell receptor VB repertoire in aplastic anemia: effects of different immunosuppressive regimens
Authors: Hoon Kook, Antonio M. Risitano, Weihua Zeng, Marcin Wlodarski, Craig Lottemann, Ryotaro Nakamura, John Barrett, Neal S. Young, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2002)
Role of Urokinase in the Fibrogenic Response of the Lung to Mineral Particles
Authors: CÉCILE G. LARDOT, FRANÇOIS A. HUAUX, FABRICE R. BROECKAERT, PAUL J. DECLERCK, MONIQUE DELOS, BICE FUBINI, DOMINIQUE F. LISON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

The lung plasminogen activator (PA) response was examined in four different models of particle- induced pulmonary lesions in NMRI mice (single intratracheal administration, 0.75 to 5 mg/mouse). Sequential changes in cellular (total and differential counts) and biochemical markers of alveolitis (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], total proteins) were monitored in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and the fibrotic lung response was assessed histologically. An intense but spontaneously resolving alveolitis was produced by manganese dioxide (MnO2) and a fibrosing alveolitis was elicited by crystalline silica (DQ12). Minimal and noninflammatory responses were obtained after instillation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and tungsten carbide (WC), respectively. The comparison between the resolving and the fibrosing alveolitis model was especially taken into consideration in an attempt to identify fibrinolytic changes associated with the development of fibrosis. At the alveolitis stage, similarly increased BALF PA activities were measured in both the resolving and the fibrosing alveolitis models whereas only slight and no PA modifications were noted after administration of TiO2 and WC, respectively. Persistently (up to 120 d) increased BALF PA activity was selectively associated with the progression to fibrosis (DQ12), suggesting that PA is involved in the fibrotic process. ELISA measurements demonstrated that the changes in BALF PA activity were exclusively related to changes in urokinase (uPA), not tissue-type PA. A rapid and persisting (up to Day 30) upregulation of cell-associated PA activity occurred after DQ12, MnO2, and TiO2 treatment only. Cellular PA activity was however significantly higher in fibrogenic inflammatory cells recovered from DQ12 than from MnO2-treated mice suggesting that the intensity of cellular PA upregulation may represent an early indicator of the progression to fibrosis. The implication of urokinase in the pathogenesis of silica-induced fibrosis was demonstrated by the use of a uPA knockout mice. The acceleration of the fibrotic process in uPA-deficient compared with the wild type animals demonstrated the contribution of uPA to limit the fibrotic process.
A PECULIAR CASE—PERHAPS NEURASTHENIA.
Authors: WILLIAM HIMMELSBACH
Journal: JAMA (1905)

without impulse on coughing.It could not be reduced.The external inguinal ring could be felt and the swelling was below it.The skin was not inflamed.The abdomen was slightly distended.Operation.-Thepatient was etherized and an incision about five inches long was made parallel and just below Pou- part's ligament.The sae was exposed and was found gan- grenous and constricted at Gimbernat's ligament.A knife was introduced on a grooved director and the stricture in- cised and torn sufficiently to release the hernia.The sae contained about two drams of bloody serum and a knuckle of sphacelated intestine.The abdomen was opened through the right rectus, and one and a half inches of ileum removed and an anastomosis made by a Murphy button.A wedge-shaped piece of omentum was excised.The sac was next transfixed by sutures, snipped off, and the stump returned to the abdominal cavity through the femoral ring.Then a radical operation for femoral hernia was done after the method of Bassini; kangaroo tendon was used for the buried sutures.The ab- dominal wound was next closed with catgut and silkworm gut.The operation consumed one hour and fifteen minutes.Result.-The patient made a good recovery, sat up on the twenty-second day and left the hospital one month from the day of admission.The button was passed on the tenth day.Remarks.-Only a very small percentage of hernias in men are of the femoral variety, and the occurrence of rupture in five of six brothers, while only a coincidence, naturally sug- gests an inherited weakness.In those cases of strangulated hernia in which the active reflex symptoms, nausea and vom- iting, are replaced by a quiet, even painless period, we are sometimes deceived and imagine our patient is better.It is a condition which often precedes a fatal termination, and this can not be emphasized too strongly.The surgeon-gen- eral's library contains the report of many cases of femoral hernia with complications, but few in which a resection was done in an older patient than in the case here reported.
Observations on Albumin Metabolism in Nontropical Sprue and Effects of Human Serum Albumin or Gluten-restricted Diet Using Radioiodinated Human Serum Albumin and Metabolic Balance Studies.
Authors: H. H. Scudamore
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Observations on Albumin Metabolism in Nontropical Sprue and Effects of Human Serum Albumin or Gluten-restricted Diet Using Radioiodinated Human Serum Albumin and Metabolic Balance Studies.H. H. Scudamore, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. E. Sedlack, M.D., W. N. Tauxe, M.D., J. W. Rosevear, M.D., Ph.D.H. H. Scudamore, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. E. Sedlack, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. N. Tauxe, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. W. Rosevear, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-726_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe metabolism of albumin in patients having nontropical sprue has been evaluated by means of I131-labeled human serum albumin and compared with that of healthy subjects. Studies were made of metabolic nitrogen and calcium balance and of fat intake and excretion. The sprue in the 12 patients investigated ranged from mild to extremely severe with hypo-albuminemia, edema, and hypocalcemia. The immediate response to non-labeled human serum albumin administered intravenously in 4 patients and the long-term response to a gluten-restricted diet were measured.The intravenously administered I131-labeled human serum albumin had a shortened survival or half-time in the plasma owing to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minn. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 726-727KeywordsBlood plasmaCalciumDietEdemaExcretionFatsHypocalcemiaSerum albumin Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Intense Pyrophosphate Heart and Lung Uptake in a Patient with Marked Hyperphosphatemia
Authors: MYRON C. GERSON, JOSEPH C. MANTIL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

*From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Ohio †From the Department of Radiology, E. L. Saenger Radioisotope Laboratory, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
The Exclusion of the Elderly and Women From Clinical Trials in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jerry H. Gurwitz
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To determine the extent to which the elderly have been excluded from trials of drug therapies used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, to identify factors associated with such exclusions, and to explore the relationship between the exclusion of elderly and the representation of women.We conducted a systematic search of the English-language literature from January 1960 through September 1991 to identify all relevant studies of specific pharmacotherapies employed in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. To accomplish this, we searched MEDLINE, major cardiology textbooks, meta-analyses, reviews, editorials, and the bibliographies of all identified articles.Only trials in which patients were randomly allocated to receive a specific therapeutic regimen or a placebo or nonplacebo control regimen were included for review.Studies were abstracted for year of publication, source of support, performance location, drug therapies to which patients were randomized, use of invasive diagnostic tests or therapeutic procedures, exclusion criteria, size and demographic characteristics of the randomized study population, and principal outcome measures.A total of 214 trials met inclusion criteria, involving 150,920 study subjects. Over 60% of trials excluded persons over the age of 75 years. Studies published after 1980 were more likely to have age-based exclusions compared with studies published before 1980 (adjusted odds ratio, 4.92; 95% confidence interval, 2.33 to 10.54). Trials of thrombolytic therapy involving an invasive procedure were more likely to exclude elderly patients compared with other studies (adjusted odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 5.47). Studies with age-based exclusions had a smaller percentage of women compared with those without such exclusions (18% vs 23%; P = .0002), with the mean age of the study population significantly associated with the proportion of women participants (P = .0001, R2 = .29).Age-based exclusions are frequently used in clinical trials of medications used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Such exclusions limit the ability to generalize study findings to the patient population that experiences the most morbidity and mortality from acute myocardial infarction.
c-Jun mediates hepatitis C virus hepatocarcinogenesis through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nitric oxide-dependent impairment of oxidative DNA repair
Authors: Keigo Machida, Hidekazu Tsukamoto, Jian‐Chang Liu, Yuan‐Ping Han, Sugantha Govindarajan, Michael M. C. Lai, Shizuo Akira, Jing‐hsiung James Ou
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs in a significant number of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV causes double-strand DNA breaks and enhances the mutation frequency of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressors. However, the underlying mechanisms for these oncogenic events are still elusive. Here, we studied the role of c-Jun, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and nitric oxide (NO) in spontaneous and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-initiated and/or phenobarbital (Pb)-promoted HCC development using HCV core transgenic (Tg) mice. The viral core protein induces hepatocarcinogenesis induction as a tumor initiator under promotion by Pb treatment alone. Conditional knockout of c-jun and stat3 in hepatocytes achieves a nearly complete, additive effect on prevention of core-induced spontaneous HCC or core-enhanced HCC incidence caused by DEN/Pb. Core protein induces hepatocyte proliferation and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS); the former is dependent on c-Jun and STAT3, and the latter on c-Jun. Oxidative DNA damage repair activity is impaired by the HCV core protein due to reduced DNA glycosylase activity for the excision of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine. This impairment is abrogated by iNOS inhibition or c-Jun deficiency, but aggravated by the NO donor or iNOS-inducing cytokines. The core protein also suppresses apoptosis mediated by Fas ligand because of c-Jun-dependent Fas down-regulation. These results indicate that the HCV core protein potentiates chemically induced HCC through c-Jun and STAT3 activation, which in turn, enhances cell proliferation, suppresses apoptosis, and impairs oxidative DNA damage repair, leading to hepatocellular transformation.
Social enterprises need to prove value for money, says public spending watchdog
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Social enterprises set up in England under a scheme allowing NHS staff to run services themselves are not being evaluated as to whether they deliver value for money, a report by the public spending watchdog warns.

A National Audit Office study of the health and social care enterprises, established under the government’s “right to request” programme, stops short of urging the government to set targets but calls on it to “put in place arrangements” to enable it to evaluate whether the programme provides value for money. The Department of Health should also specify what the costs and benefits of the programme should be, what the costs actually are, and whether any benefits are being …