tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Local-regional and distant recurrence rates in skin-sparing mastectomies compared with non-skin-sparing mastectomies.
Authors: M Yi, KK Hunt, F Meric-Bernstam, SJ Kronowitz, KM Nayeemuddin, B Feig, RF Hwang, W Symmans, A Lucci, MI Ross, FC Ames, I Bedrosian, E Singletary, HM Kuerer
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4138 Background: Although skin-sparing mastectomies (SSMs) are becoming more common, there are few data regarding the local-regional and distant recurrence rates. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of local-regional recurrence, distant recurrence, and survival in breast cancer patients who underwent SSMs or non-skin-sparing mastectomies (NSSMs) at our institution.&amp;#x2028; Methods: We reviewed records of patients with primary breast carcinoma stage 0 to III who underwent total mastectomies with or without complete axillary dissection at our center from January 2000 to December 2005. After excluding patients with bilateral breast cancer, mastectomies for recurrent breast cancer, and patients with less than two-year follow-up, there were 1623 patients for study. Patient and tumor characteristics were evaluated and comparisons undertaken between the SSM and NSSM groups with univariate and multivariate logistic analyses. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to evaluate the overall and disease-free survival in the two groups.&amp;#x2028; RESULTS: Of the 1623 patients, 465 (28.7%) patients underwent SSM and 1158 (71.3%) underwent NSSM. Patients who underwent NSSM were older (55.6 vs. 48.9, p&amp;lt;0.0001) and had more advanced stage tumor (stage II or high: 48.3% vs. 28%, p&amp;lt;0.0001). Significantly more patients in the NSSM group received systemic chemotherapy (p=0.045), radiation therapy (p&amp;lt;0.0001), and endocrine therapy (p=0.002). At a median follow-up of 24.4 months (range 1.1-95.3), 138 patients (4.6%) had local-regional or distant recurrence. Specifically, 7 patients (1.5%) in the SSM group and 34 patients (2.9%) in the NSSM group had local-regional recurrences (p=0.097). The distant recurrence rate in patients undergoing SSM or NSSM was 14 (3.0%) and 110 (9.5%) patients (p&amp;lt;0.0001) at median follow-up time of 29.2 and 25.4 months, respectively. There is no difference in disease-free survival between the SSM group and NSSM after adjusting for tumor TNM stage and final nodal status at a median follow-up time of 54.3 months and 53.2 months, respectively.&amp;#x2028; CONCLUSIONS: SSM is safe and effective in appropriately selected patients with breast carcinoma. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4138.
Clinical characteristics of soybean allergy in Europe: A double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge study
Authors: Barbara K. Ballmer-Weber, Thomas Holzhauser, Joseph Scibilia, Diana Mittag, Guliana Zisa, Claudio Ortolani, Morten Oesterballe, Lars K. Poulsen, Stefan Vieths, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication in the lung.
Authors: K Nakata, W N Rom, Y Honda, R Condos, S Kanegasaki, Y Cao, M Weiden
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We investigated the in vivo effect of coinfection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of 11 HIV-1-infected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 10 patients with no lung disease. Lung segments involved with pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly elevated HIV-1 branched DNA (bDNA) levels and p24 in BAL compared with lung segments uninvolved with tuberculosis or with BAL from patients with no lung disease. The BAL viral burden was higher than plasma HIV-1 in tuberculosis patients, indicating local production of virus. BAL HIV-1 bDNA declined over the course of treatment for tuberculosis in three patients who underwent serial bronchoscopies. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and HIV-1 bDNA particles were strongly correlated (r2 = 0.9, p < 0.01) in lung segments involved with tuberculosis. The deduced amino acid sequence of HIV-1 gp120 V3 region from involved segments of three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis showed basic substitutions associated with altered viral phenotype. Phylogenetic analysis of V3 sequences demonstrated that BAL HIV-1 RNA had diverged from plasma. These data support the conclusion that pulmonary tuberculosis enhances local HIV-1 replication in vivo.
EMBRYONIC MIXED TUMOR OF THYROID
Authors: J. Warren Bell
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Mrs. H. presented herself for examination believing she was pregnant. Examination revealed a distended abdomen, in which no fetus could be palpated. Catheterization of the bladder secured a few ounces of normal urine. The roentgen ray revealed an hydramnios with outlines of a fetal skull visible. The skull did not appear as large as a full term fetus, though the abdomen was as large as is usual at term. The patient was put to bed and the hydramnios diminished slightly, but in spite of rest and sedatives she went into labor prematurely, with a discharge of considerable amniotic fluid. I arrived just in time to assist in extracting by the feet the fetus shown in the accompanying illustration. The child breathed spasmodically a few times and then stopped. The mother had a prolonged convalescence, owing to the assumption of household duties before she was strong enough for this responsibility. A
Government backs MRC chairman's appointment
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The government has rejected criticisms made by an expert panel of MPs about the way that the chairman of the United Kingdom's leading research funding body was appointed.

In August the science and technology committee accused the Medical Research Council (MRC) of poor practice in its appointments process and questioned the tenure of its chairman ( BMJ 2007;335:227 doi: 10.1136/bmj.39293.704317.DB).

The committee said that the MRC had appointed John Chisholm without adhering to the principles of transparency and accountability necessary for posts funded by public money. Sir John took up his position in December 2006.

Last week the committee published the government's response to its report, which …
Unintended consequences of<i><i>Helicobacter pylori</i></i>infection in children in developing countries
Authors: Dulciene MM Queiroz, Andreia MC Rocha, Jean E Crabtree
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Helicobacter pylori infection is predominantly acquired early in life. The prevalence of the infection in childhood is low in developed countries, whereas in developing countries most children are infected by 10 y of age. In poor resource settings, where malnutrition, parasitic/enteropathogen and H. pylori infection co-exist in young children, H. pylori might have potentially more diverse clinical outcomes. This paper reviews the impact of childhood H. pylori infection in developing countries that should now be the urgent focus of future research. The extra-gastric manifestations in early H. pylori infection in infants in poor resource settings might be a consequence of the infection associated initial hypochlorhydria. The potential role of H. pylori infection on iron deficiency, growth impairment, diarrheal disease, malabsorption and cognitive function is discussed in this review.
Effect of Custom-Made Footwear on Foot Ulcer Recurrence in Diabetes
Authors: Sicco A. Bus, Roelof Waaijman, Mark Arts, Mirjam de Haart, Tessa Busch-Westbroek, Jeff van Baal, Frans Nollet
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE Custom-made footwear is the treatment of choice to prevent foot ulcer recurrence in diabetes. This footwear primarily aims to offload plantar regions at high ulcer risk. However, ulcer recurrence rates are high. We assessed the effect of offloading-improved custom-made footwear and the role of footwear adherence on plantar foot ulcer recurrence. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We randomly assigned 171 neuropathic diabetic patients with a recently healed plantar foot ulcer to custom-made footwear with improved and subsequently preserved offloading (∼20% peak pressure relief by modifying the footwear) or to usual care (i.e., nonimproved custom-made footwear). Primary outcome was plantar foot ulcer recurrence in 18 months. Secondary outcome was ulcer recurrence in patients with an objectively measured adherence of ≥80% of steps taken. RESULTS On the basis of intention-to-treat, 33 of 85 patients (38.8%) with improved footwear and 38 of 86 patients (44.2%) with usual care had a recurrent ulcer (relative risk −11%, odds ratio 0.80 [95% CI 0.44–1.47], P = 0.48). Ulcer-free survival curves were not significantly different between groups (P = 0.40). In the 79 patients (46% of total group) with high adherence, 9 of 35 (25.7%) with improved footwear and 21 of 44 (47.8%) with usual care had a recurrent ulcer (relative risk −46%, odds ratio 0.38 [0.15–0.99], P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Offloading-improved custom-made footwear does not significantly reduce the incidence of plantar foot ulcer recurrence in diabetes compared with custom-made footwear that does not undergo such improvement, unless it is worn as recommended.
Erectile Dysfunction and Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Giorgia De Berardis, Monica Franciosi, Maurizio Belfiglio, Barbara Di Nardo, Sheldon Greenfield, Sherrie H. Kaplan, Fabio Pellegrini, Michele Sacco, Gianni Tognoni, Miriam Valentini, Antonio Nicolucci
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—Within the context of a large, nationwide outcomes research program in type 2 diabetes, we assess the prevalence of self-reported erectile dysfunction and evaluate its impact on quality of life. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study involved 1,460 patients enrolled by 114 diabetes outpatient clinics and 112 general practitioners. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire investigating their ability to achieve and maintain an erection. Various aspects of quality of life were also assessed depressive using the following instruments: SF-36 Health Survey, diabetes health distress, psychological adaptation to diabetes, depressive symptoms (CES-D scale), and quality of sexual life. RESULTS—Overall, 34% of the patients reported frequent erectile problems, 24% reported occasional problems, and 42% reported no erectile problems. After adjusting for patient characteristics, erectile dysfunction was associated with higher levels of diabetes-specific health distress and worse psychological adaptation to diabetes, which were, in turn, related to worse metabolic control. Erectile problems were also associated with a dramatic increase in the prevalence of severe depressive symptoms, lower scores in the mental components of the SF-36, and a less satisfactory sexual life. A total of 63% of the patients reported that their physicians had never investigated their sexual problems. CONCLUSIONS—Erectile dysfunction is extremely common among type 2 diabetic patients and is associated with poorer quality of life, as measured with generic and diabetes-specific instruments. Despite their relevance, sexual problems are seldom investigated by general practitioners and specialists.
Norman Ashton Robert Gregory Henderson Michael Herz Maurice Wingate Paterson Gerald Barcroft Robinson Robert Joseph Smith William Deane Steel Alistair McElderry Turnbull Roland Charles Uren Michael Treharne Wade Kathleen Warin Diane Elizabeth Killcross
Authors: A. Sillito
Journal: BMJ (2000)

in 1948 and built up a laboratory of international repute, which contributed to research and provided a clinical service to Moorfields Eye Hospital.He was responsible for the training of the first generation of ophthalmic pathologists in Britain.His major research was in diseases of the retinal blood vessels: diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, and the retinopathy of prematurity.He discovered that excessive oxygen given to compensate for breathing problems associated with premature birth can cause an obliteration of growing retinal blood vessels followed by disorganised regrowth and scarring.His observations led
Derbyshire village wins court battle
Authors: Sophie Arie
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Residents of a former mining village in Derbyshire have won their battle for a greater say in whether a private company should be allowed to take over their local general practice.

The Appeal Court ruled that North Eastern Derbyshire Primary Care Trust had not consulted the residents of Langwith village before awarding United-Health Europe the contract to provide GP services there and in the nearby village of Creswell.

In June the High Court judge Mr Justice Collins had ruled that although the consultation process may not have been adequate the company would probably have won the contract anyway ( BMJ 2006;332: 1469).

But last week Lord Justice May and Lord Justice …
12th meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals: susceptibility to environmental hazards.
Authors: J C Barrett, H Vainio, D Peakall, B D Goldstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The 12th meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC) considered the topic of methodologies for determining human and ecosystem susceptibility to environmental hazards. The report prepared at the meeting describes measurement of susceptibility through the use of biological markers of exposure, biological markers of effect, and biomarkers directly indicative of susceptibility of humans or of ecosystems. The utility and validity of these biological markers for the study of susceptibility are evaluated, as are opportunities for developing newer approaches for the study of humans or of ecosystems. For the first time a SGOMSEC workshop also formally considered the issue of ethics in relation to methodology, an issue of particular concern for studies of susceptibility.
New loci associated with birth weight identify genetic links between intrauterine growth and adult height and metabolism
Authors: Momoko Horikoshi, Hanieh Yaghootkar, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Ulla Sovio, H Rob Taal, Branwen J Hennig, Jonathan P Bradfield, Beate St Pourcain, David M Evans, Pimphen Charoen, Marika Kaakinen, Diana L Cousminer, Terho Lehtimäki, Eskil Kreiner-Møller, Nicole M Warrington, Mariona Bustamante, Bjarke Feenstra, Diane J Berry, Elisabeth Thiering, Thiemo Pfab, Sheila J Barton, Beverley M Shields, Marjan Kerkhof, Elisabeth M van Leeuwen, Anthony J Fulford, Zoltán Kutalik, Jing Hua Zhao, Marcel den Hoed, Anubha Mahajan, Virpi Lindi, Liang-Kee Goh, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Ying Wu, Olli T Raitakari, Marie N Harder, Aline Meirhaeghe, Ioanna Ntalla, Rany M Salem, Karen A Jameson, Kaixin Zhou, Dorota M Monies, Vasiliki Lagou, Mirna Kirin, Jani Heikkinen, Linda S Adair, Fowzan S Alkuraya, Ali Al-Odaib, Philippe Amouyel, Ehm Astrid Andersson, Amanda J Bennett, Alexandra I F Blakemore, Jessica L Buxton, Jean Dallongeville, Shikta Das, Eco J C de Geus, Xavier Estivill, Claudia Flexeder, Philippe Froguel, Frank Geller, Keith M Godfrey, Frédéric Gottrand, Christopher J Groves, Torben Hansen, Joel N Hirschhorn, Albert Hofman, Mads V Hollegaard, David M Hougaard, Elina Hyppönen, Hazel M Inskip, Aaron Isaacs, Torben Jørgensen, Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein, John P Kemp, Wieland Kiess, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Norman Klopp, Bridget A Knight, Christopher W Kuzawa, George McMahon, John P Newnham, Harri Niinikoski, Ben A Oostra, Louise Pedersen, Dirkje S Postma, Susan M Ring, Fernando Rivadeneira, Neil R Robertson, Sylvain Sebert, Olli Simell, Torsten Slowinski, Carla M T Tiesler, Anke Tönjes, Allan Vaag, Jorma S Viikari, Jacqueline M Vink, Nadja Hawwa Vissing, Nicholas J Wareham, Gonneke Willemsen, Daniel R Witte, Haitao Zhang, Jianhua Zhao
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Credit to Dr. Marlow.
Authors: Edward Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Denver, Colo., Dec. 7, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In "Sajous Annual and Analytical Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine," volume iv, occurs an error to which I would like to call attention. By mistake my name is appended to the article on "Diseases of the Lens," but the writer of this excellent paper, I am informed, was Dr. Frank W. Marlow, Syracuse, N. Y., and to him the credit for it is due.
Narrative Review: Harnessing Molecular Genetics for the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Libin Wang
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Unexplained cardiac hypertrophy, the diagnostic criterion for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), occurs in 1 in 500 adults. Insights into the genetic cause and molecular pathophysiology of HCM are reshaping clinical paradigms for diagnosis and treatment of this common myocardial disorder. Human genetic studies have established that dominant mutations in the proteins that make up the contractile apparatus (the sarcomere) cause HCM. With the current availability of clinical gene-based diagnostics, pathogenic mutations in affected patients can be defined, which can suggest a clinical course and allow definitive preclinical identification of family members at risk for HCM. Genetic discoveries have also fos-tered mechanistic investigations in model organisms that are engineered to carry human HCM mutations. Novel therapeutic targets have emerged from these fundamental studies and are currently under clinical assessment in humans. The combination of contemporary gene-based diagnosis with new strategies to attenuate disease development and progression is changing the natural history of lifelong cardiac symptoms, arrhythmias, and heart failure from HCM.
Unbalanced 1;7 translocation and therapy induced hematologic disorders: A possible relationship
Authors: Sara J. Morrison‐DeLap, Danlel G. Kuffel, Gordon W. Dewald, Louis Letendre
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract An identical chromosome abnormality, which appears to be derived from a 1;7 translocation [ +der(1), t(1;7)(p11;p11)], was observed in the bone marrow of 12 patients with various hematologic disorders at the Mayo Clinic from 1980 to 1984. At the time of cytogenetic evaluation, nine of the patients had either a myeloproliferative disorder or a myelodysplastic syndrome, one had an acute leukemia, and two had treated multiple myeloma with no morphologic evidence of evolving myeloproliferative disease. Of the 11 patients for whom information about previous therapy was available, seven had a history of exposure to chemotherapy for a previous malignant disorder; we were unable to establish whether the remaining patient had had prior treatment. This study suggests a possible relationship between +der(1), t(1;7)(p11;p11) and some treatment‐induced hematologic disorders. Such chromosome abnormalities may be the result of a reciprocal chromatid translocation and adjacent I segregation of a quadriradial configuration in metaphase.
Newspaper Reports of Morphin Euthanasia in Tuberculosis.
Authors: George Dock
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Ann Arbor, Mich., May 17, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I take this method of trying to correct the outrageously false impression given by many newspapers to the statement of Dr. Knopf before the Clinical and Climatological Section of the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, at its recent meeting in Washington. I was present as chairman of the section when Dr. Knopf made his remarks. He was within a few steps of where I sat, and I was paying close attention to his remarks. I understood him, and all others with whom I have spoken on the matter since the meeting understood him, to state plainly the need of using morphin to relieve painful symptoms in the last stage of ths disease. Any physician who heard the remarks must have known that the morphin was used, not for shortening life, but solely for making it easier, and
STAT3 upregulation in pituitary somatotroph adenomas induces growth hormone hypersecretion
Authors: Cuiqi Zhou, Yonghui Jiao, Renzhi Wang, Song-Guang Ren, Kolja Wawrowsky, Shlomo Melmed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Pituitary somatotroph adenomas result in dysregulated growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion and acromegaly; however, regulatory mechanisms that promote GH hypersecretion remain elusive. Here, we provide evidence that STAT3 directly induces somatotroph tumor cell GH. Evaluation of pituitary tumors revealed that STAT3 expression was enhanced in human GH-secreting adenomas compared with that in nonsecreting pituitary tumors. Moreover, STAT3 and GH expression were concordant in a somatotroph adenoma tissue array. Promoter and expression analysis in a GH-secreting rat cell line (GH3) revealed that STAT3 specifically binds the Gh promoter and induces transcription. Stable expression of STAT3 in GH3 cells induced expression of endogenous GH, and expression of a constitutively active STAT3 further enhanced GH production. Conversely, expression of dominant-negative STAT3 abrogated GH expression. In primary human somatotroph adenoma-derived cell cultures, STAT3 suppression with the specific inhibitor S3I-201 attenuated GH transcription and reduced GH secretion in the majority of derivative cultures. In addition, S3I-201 attenuated somatotroph tumor growth and GH secretion in a rat xenograft model. GH induced STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, indicating a positive feedback loop between STAT3 and GH in somatotroph tumor cells. Together, these results indicate that adenoma GH hypersecretion is the result of STAT3-dependent GH induction, which in turn promotes STAT3 expression, and suggest STAT3 as a potential therapeutic target for pituitary somatotroph adenomas.
Abstract 5494: The effect of honokiol combined with PPARγ agonists in regulation of cell growth and migration in human hepatoma cells
Authors: Chin-Wen Chi, Hui-Tzu Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the malignant cancers worldwide. At present, surgical resection is the best treatment for HCC. Despite some other options such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, recurrence and metastasis are the major causes of increased mortality. It has been reported honokiol, a natural biphenolic compound, exerts inhibitory effects on the growth and migration of hepatoma cells. Most recently, it was found that honokiol functions as not only an RXR agonist but also a PPARγ agonist, and is capable of potentiating the activation of PPARγ in the presence of PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HLE human hepatoma cells. Moreover, PPARγ agonists exhibited inhibitory role in cell growth and migration in various cancers through PPARγ-dependent and -independent pathway. However, the combination effect and the molecular mechanism of cotreatment with honokiol and PPARγ agonists are still unclear in hepatoma cells. In this study, Hep3B, Mahlavu, and SK-Hep1 human hepatoma cells were treated with honokiol and/or PPARγ agonists. Honokiol and PPARγ agonists rosiglitazone and troglitazone inhibited cell growth in hepatoma cells by surforhodamine B assay, respectively. Moreover, cotreatment with honokiol and PPARγ agonist showed additive effect in cell growth inhibition. Furthermore, retrovirus-mediated PPARγ overexpression in SK-Hep1 cells resulted in higher sensitivity to honokiol treatment in cell growth inhibition compared to vector control. Additionally, PPARγ agonists rosiglitazone and troglitazone inhibited cell migration in Hep3B cells by wound healing and transwell assays. These results together suggest that honokiol combined with PPARγ agonist had additive effect in cell growth inhibition and migration of hepatoma cells. The molecular mechanism and potential application of this combination for treatment of hepatoma will be presented. Citation Format: Chin-Wen Chi, Hui-Tzu Hsu. The effect of honokiol combined with PPARγ agonists in regulation of cell growth and migration in human hepatoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5494. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5494