tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of pulmonary veins vs. autonomic ganglia in different experimental substrates of canine atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kunihiro Nishida, Ange Maguy, Masao Sakabe, Philippe Comtois, Hiroshi Inoue, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Pulmonary vein (PV)-encircling ablation, which is effective in suppressing atrial fibrillation (AF), damages autonomic ganglia near the PV ostia. This study examined the effects of PV isolation (PVI) vs. peri-PV ganglionic plexus ablation (GPA) in two discrete canine AF models: ventricular tachypacing (240 bpm, 2 weeks)-induced congestive heart failure (CHF), and atrial tachypacing (400 bpm, 1 week)-induced atrial tachycardia remodeling (ATR). All PVs were isolated with an epicardial radiofrequency clamp in nine CHF and eight ATR dogs. Peri-PV ganglionic plexi (identified by bradycardic responses to high-frequency stimulation) were ablated in six CHF and five ATR dogs with an epicardial radiofrequency-ablation pen. Electrophysiologic measurements, including 240-electrode AF mapping, were obtained and dominant frequencies (DFs) determined. Atrial growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and neurofilament-M (NF-M) expression were determined immunohistologically. In CHF, neither PVI nor GPA affected AF duration, DF or the already low AF vulnerability. In ATR, PVI reduced AF vulnerability (75 ± 6% to 55 ± 11%, P< 0.05) but did not alter AF duration or DF. In contrast, GPA prolonged atrial refractory period and decreased AF vulnerability (75 ± 8 to 30 ± 10%, P< 0.05), AF duration (617 ± 246 to 39 ± 23 s, **P< 0.01), and DF (11.4 ± 0.6 to 8.6 ± 0.3** Hz, left atrium) in ATR dogs. Both GAP-43 and NF-M expression were decreased in CHF (by 63.1** and 60.0%**) and increased in ATR (by 65.5** and 92.1%, P< 0.001) compared with control. PVs play a minor role in experimental AF due to CHF or ATR, but autonomic ganglia are important in AF related to ATR. Differential neural remodelling may contribute to varying effects of GPA in discrete AF substrates.
Uptake of F-18 FDG by a Hiatal Hernia
Authors: SUN HO AHN, JAC D. SCHEINER, RICHARD B. NOTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Brown Medical School, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island Received for publication April 9, 2001. Revision accepted February 19, 2002. Reprint requests: Sun Ho Ahn, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Brown Medical School, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02903. E-mail: [email protected]
Electrical Safety in Electrocardiogram Monitoring.
Authors: Howard M. Hochberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Electrical Safety in Electrocardiogram Monitoring.Howard M. Hochberg, M.D.Howard M. Hochberg, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-777_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptElectrocardiogram monitoring equipment sends small currents through patients. Concern exists about the safe level of these currents because they may cause arrhythmias or ventricular fibrillation.Studies on dogs and humans show the arryhthmic and fibrillatory effects are complex functions. They are related to: point in the heart cycle of application or withdrawal; location of electrodes on the heart or body surface; weight; frequency, duration, quantity of leakage (for steady flow); total energy, wave shape, pulse duration (for transients); the memory effect of cardiac muscle; and variability between individuals. Increasing amounts of current produces premature ventricular contractions, runs of these contractions,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Howard M. Hochberg, M.D.Affiliations: Cranbury, N.J. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 777-778KeywordsArrhythmiaBody weightCardiac musclesElectrocardiographyHeart rateMemoryMyocardiumPremature ventricular contractionSafetyVentricular fibrillation ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Atlas of Chest Imaging: Correlated Anatomy with MRI and CT.
Authors: P. D Ridley
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Atlas of Chest Imaging: Correlated Anatomy with MRI and CT. Get access Paul D Ridley Paul D Ridley Bristol, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 9, September 1992, Page 912b, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.9.912b Published: 01 September 1992
Efficient Transient Genetic Manipulation In Vitro and In Vivo by Prototype Foamy Virus-mediated Nonviral RNA Transfer
Authors: Martin V. Hamann, Nicole Stanke, Erik Müllers, Kristin Stirnnagel, Sylvia Hütter, Benedetta Artegiani, Sara Bragado Alonso, Federico Calegari, Dirk Lindemann
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Vector systems based on different retroviruses are widely used to achieve stable integration and expression of transgenes. More recently, transient genetic manipulation systems were developed that are based on integration- or reverse transcription-deficient retroviruses. Lack of viral genome integration is desirable not only for reducing tumorigenic potential but also for applications requiring transient transgene expression such as reprogramming or genome editing. However, all existing transient retroviral vector systems rely on virus-encoded encapsidation sequences for the transfer of heterologous genetic material. We discovered that the transient transgene expression observed in target cells transduced by reverse transcriptase-deficient foamy virus (FV) vectors is the consequence of subgenomic RNA encapsidation into FV particles. Based on this initial observation, we describe here the establishment of FV vectors that enable the efficient transient expression of various transgenes by packaging, transfer, and de novo translation of nonviral RNAs both in vitro and in vivo. Transient transgene expression levels were comparable to integrase-deficient vectors but, unlike the latter, declined to background levels within a few days. Our results show that this new FV vector system provides a useful, novel tool for efficient transient genetic manipulation of target tissues by transfer of nonviral RNAs.
A 59-Year-Old Man Considering Implantation of a Cardiac Defibrillator
Authors: Peter J. Zimetbaum
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Nearly 450,000 individuals experience sudden cardiac death yearly in the United States. A history of prior myocardial infarction with resultant left ventricular dysfunction identifies a group at particularly high risk of sudden arrhythmic death. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators have proven highly effective at reducing this risk and are now increasingly implanted in patients with this risk profile. The case of Mr M, a 59-year-old man with a history of myocardial infarction, low ejection fraction, and mild congestive heart failure, who is considering implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement, illustrates the issues in having a device implanted as a prophylactic measure as well as increasing concerns due to device recalls and malfunction. A thorough discussion of the benefits and risks associated with this therapy is necessary for patients and physicians to make appropriate decisions with regard to the primary prevention of sudden death.
Scientific Basis of Health Services
Authors: S. Leeder
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed M Peckham, R Smith BMJ Publishing Group, £22.95, pp 186 ISBN 0 7279 1029 9

The glittering success of biomedical science, like that of an exceptionally talented elder sibling, outshines the efforts of younger brothers and sisters who carry out research in less prestigious areas—in public health, behavioural medicine, and health services research. Yet progress, often quietly impressive, also occurs within these areas. In October 1995 a conference—something of a celebration, in fact—on the scientific basis of health services was held in London with over 1000 delegates from 40 countries. This selection of papers …
Book Review Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism (Fundamental and Clinical Cardiology [12].) Edited by Samuel Z. Goldhaber. 607 pp. New York, Marcel Dekker, 1993. $95. 0-8247-8757-9 Thrombosis, Embolism and Bleeding (Current Issues in Heart Valve Disease.) Edited by Eric G. Butchart and Endre Bodnar. 495 pp., illustrated. London, ICR, 1992. $140. 1-872743-04-8
Authors: Barbara Alving
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Edward C. Hill
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Hill provides a brief overview of the past year's developments in obstetrics and gynecology, concentrating on ethical issues in human reproduction. Among the topics mentioned are abortion, sex education for adolescents, artificial insemination by donor (AID), surrogate motherhood, in vitro fertilization, and the American Fertility Society's 1986 report on the ethical considerations of the new reproductive technologies.
Surgical treatment of bullous lung disease.
Authors: P D Potgieter, S R Benatar, R P Hewitson, A D Ferguson
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Clear guidelines for the selection of patients with large pulmonary bullae and severely impaired lung function for surgery remain to be defined. Twenty-one such patients operated on between 1971 and 1977 are reviewed in an attempt to shed some light on this difficult problem. Four of six patients with preoperative hypercapnia survived and were improved by surgery. There was no mortality among the remaining 15 patients of whom 14 were improved symptomatically by surgery (with improvement in FEV1 and vital capacity in 9). Preoperative bronchograms were used to help identify patients suitable for surgery. The presence of bronchiectasis was predictive of postoperative complications. Better results were obtained in those patients in whom plication of bullectomy could be performed than in those requiring lobectomy.
867 IN VITRO COMBINATORY EFFECT OF HCV NS3/4A PROTEASE INHIBITOR ABT-450, NS5A INHIBITOR ABT-267, AND NON-NUCLEOSIDE NS5B POLYMERASE INHIBITOR ABT-333
Authors: T. Pilot-Matias, G. Koev, P. Krishnan, J. Beyer, T. Reisch, R. Mondal, L. Lu, T. Middleton, C. Maring, W. Kati, C. Collins, A. Molla
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Suppressing aberrant GluN3A expression rescues synaptic and behavioral impairments in Huntington's disease models
Authors: Sonia Marco, Albert Giralt, Milos M Petrovic, Mahmoud A Pouladi, Rebeca Martínez-Turrillas, José Martínez-Hernández, Linda S Kaltenbach, Jesús Torres-Peraza, Rona K Graham, Masahiko Watanabe, Rafael Luján, Nobuki Nakanishi, Stuart A Lipton, Donald C Lo, Michael R Hayden, Jordi Alberch, John F Wesseling, Isabel Pérez-Otaño
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Is Kidney Perfusion Harmful?
Authors: John A. Mannick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

To permit routine transplantation of kidneys harvested from cadaver donors, a practical method of short-term in vitro preservation of these organs is obviously necessary. The first method used by most transplant centers was simple cooling of the cadaver kidneys by flushing with chilled physiologic electrolyte solution containing colloid and heparin, and storage at near freezing temperatures until the time of transplantation. However, it was soon evident that this form of in vitro preservation could be used for only a few hours, usually no longer than eight, without producing an unacceptable degree of organ damage. Moreover, to permit maximum use of . . .
Monument to Prof. Gross.
Authors: Douglas Graham
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3> I heartily approve of a monument to the late Prof. Gross, and regret that the project was not undertaken sooner. But I do not think that Washington is the most appropriate place for it. There we naturally look for the monuments of those who have made their mark in the army, the navy, and the government of the country, but not for the monuments of those who have been eminent in the medical profession in other cities. Washington is not a medical centre, and it seems to me, that Prof. Gross' monument would be entirely out of place there. It ought to be placed in the city with which most of his life and works have identified, namely, in Philadelphia. If there are any of his pupils who sat under him for three years, as the writer did, who
Hemodynamic and Clinical Effects of Dextran in Nonhemorrhagic Shock in Man.
Authors: Jay N. Cohn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Hemodynamic and Clinical Effects of Dextran in Nonhemorrhagic Shock in Man.Jay N. Cohn, M.D., Myron H. Luria, M.D.Jay N. Cohn, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Myron H. Luria, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-904_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClinical hypotension and shock in the absence of blood loss often is characterized by low or normal right atrial pressure and low cardiac output. A rapid infusion of 500 ml dextran in 19 patients with this hemodynamic pattern resulted in marked clinical and circulatory improvement. Arterial pressure rose from an average of 80/45 to 113/59 mm Hg; cardiac output increased from an average of 3.1 to 5.8 liters/min; and peripheral vascular resistance fell from a mean of 1,637 to 1,035 dynes sec/cm5. The signs and symptoms of shock were reversed in many of the patients. Clinical diagnoses in these patients... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jay N. Cohn, M.D.; Myron H. Luria, M.D.Affiliations: Washington, D. C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 904-904KeywordsBlood pressureCardiac outputDextranHemodynamicsHypotensionPeripheral vascular resistanceShockSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hepatic iron distribution in 153 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CH): relation with grading, staging and HFE mutations
Authors: Chiara Corengia, Giorgio Bovo, Cristina Arosio, Angelica Chiesara, Alessandra Salvioni, Viviana Mauri, Massimo Pozzi, Cristina Cestari, Anna Vergani, Alberto Piperno
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Interleukin-2 and Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cell Therapy in Patients with Relapsed B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with Rituximab
Authors: Vincenzo Pitini, Carmela Arrigo, Claudia Naro, Giuseppe Altavilla
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

To the Editor: In their article, Berdeja et al. (1) conclude that the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity can be augmented by adoptively transferring in vitro generated lymphokine-activated killer cells, which may overcome the resistance to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who are rituximab refractory. We feel that the conclusion is overstated and that it may mislead clinicians into using this regimen as a standard first-line therapy.Briefly, several early clinical investigations about the combination of interleukin-2 with rituximab have been reported (2, 3); however, although the addition of interleukin-2 augmented natural killer cell expansion and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, all these studies failed to confirm that interleukin-2 enhances the clinical efficacy of rituximab in low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients because the encouraging response rate observed was comparable to results with single-agent rituximab (4, 5). Furthermore, although antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity is an important effector mechanism for in vivo action of rituximab, other multiple complex mechanisms are involved in response and resistance, such as the cellular microenvironment and monocyte Fc receptor polymorphism, which are not affected by interleukin-2 treatment (6).Finally, it should be noted that in patients who achieved a partial remission or a stable disease, it is not possible to determine the relative contributions of interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells because these results might simply reflect a response at a much higher given dose of rituximab (375 mg/m2 on 3 consecutive days), which may overcome adverse pharmacokinetic parameters.
Suppression of Puerperal Lactation with an Ergot Alkaloid: A Double-blind Study
Authors: L. Varga, P. M. Lutterbeck, J. S. Pryor, R. Wenner, H. Erb
Journal: BMJ (1972)

A double-blind trial was performed in 60 women to establish the effectiveness of an ergot alkaloid, 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (ergocryptine; CB 154), in suppressing puerperal lactation and to compare it with stilboestrol and a placebo. At the doses selected ergocryptine and stilboestrol were equally effective.
Viral dynamics of hepatitis C early after orthotopic liver transplantation: Evidence for rapid turnover of serum virions
Authors: T Fukumoto, T Berg, Y Ku, W O Bechstein, M Knoop, H Lemmens, H Lobeck, U Hopf, P Neuhaus
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is likely to be associated with viral replication in vivo, but little is known concerning the dynamics of HCV turnover. We performed serial measurements of serum HCV-RNA levels following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in nine patients with HCV-positive cirrhosis. Serum HCV-RNA levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction before, immediately after, and for up to 1 month after OLT. There was a rapid decline in HCV-RNA levels from 3.1 +/- 1.3 x 10(5) copies/ mL (mean +/- SEM) preoperatively to 0.15 +/- 0.6 x 10(5) copies/mL on the first and 0.16 +/- 0.6 x 10(5) copies/mL on the second postoperative day (mean viral half-life, 4.0 +/- 0.5 h). Thereafter, HCV-RNA levels increased in all but one patient, and by postoperative day 8 reached 3.6 +/- 1.3 x 10(5) copies/mL, exceeding the preoperative levels irrespective of the use or not of rescue immunosuppressive therapy including steroid bolus administration. In most patients, serum virions continued to increase averaging 11.6 +/- 2.8 x 10(5) copies/mL on the 30th postoperative day. These findings indicate that the half-life of HCV is quite short, and that extrahepatic viral replication contributes little to the total virus pool in serum. Furthermore, the marked HCV replication beginning as early as the third postoperative day strongly suggests that the liver graft is rapidly reinfected by HCV after OLT.
Diagnosis of Deep-vein Thrombosis with an Ultrasonic Doppler Technique
Authors: D. S. Evans, F. B. Cockett
Journal: BMJ (1969)

An ultrasonic technique has been used to diagnose deep-vein thrombosis, the venous system being examined from the calf to the inferior vena cava. The method is quick, simple, and repeatable, and the results compare favourably with those from phlebography.
Enzyme profile of rat bile ductular epithelial cells in reference to the resistance phenotype in hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Georg A. Mathis, Sandra A. Walls, Paul D’Amico, Thomas F. Gengo, Alphonse E. Sirica
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

An extensive bile ductular cell hyperplasia with the formation of well-differentiated bile ductules is the most prominent feature of rat liver at 6 to 15 weeks after bile duct ligation. We have improved our previous cell isolation procedure and are now routinely able to obtain from such livers high yields of viable bile ductular epithelial cells. These cells were characterized with respect to their specific activities of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase and β-glucuronidase and of select Phase I and Phase II enzymes of biotransformation. At the time of their isolation, only a very small number of the bile ductular epithelial cells were observed to be in DNA synthesis. In addition, in histological sections prepared from intact hyperplastic bile ductular tissue isolates, only the bile ductular epithelial cells exhibited histochemical staining for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Typically, greater than 95% of the cells isolated from this tissue were also found to be histochemically positive for γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity, and no hepatocytes were seen contaminating this cell population. Biochemically, the isolated bile ductular cells exhibited a γ-glutamyl transpeptidase specific activity that was 100 times higher than that of hepatocytes isolated at the same time from the bile duct-ligated rats and more than 300 times higher than the specific activity of the enzyme of freshly isolated normal rat hepatocytes. The bile ductular cells also expressed a β-glucuronidase specific activity that was higher than that measured in normal rat hepatocytes, but in contrast to normal liver, they did not contain a detectable amidopyrine demethylation (Phase I) activity. On the other hand, they exhibited specific activities for the Phase II enzymes UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase and glutathione S-transferase that were relatively close in amounts to those obtained with hepatocytes from the bile duct-ligated rats. Substrate and/or inhibitor studies further suggested that the forms of the Phase II enzymes expressed by the bile ductular cells were similar to those shown by immunohistochemistry to be present in the interlobular bile ducts of normal untreated rats. Our findings represent the first direct biochemical measurements of Phase II enzyme activities of isolated bile ductular epithelial cells and indicate possible mechanisms which may favor their resistance to the cytotoxic and mito-inhibitory effects of at least some types of hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic chemicals.
Abstract 3666: Inhibition of the tumor growth and prevention of metastases with MORAb-004, a human monoclonal IgG targeting endosialin/TEM-1
Authors: Brian E. Tomkowicz, Igor Skidan, Katherine Rybinski, JianMin Lin, Luigi Grasso, Nicholas Nicolaides, Philip Sass, Yuhong Zhou
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Endosialin/Tumor Endothelial Marker-1 (TEM-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein that is expressed on cells involved in the development of tumor vasculature, primarily pericytes, smooth muscle, and stromal fibroblasts. Studies have found endosialin to play a key role in tumor growth and neovessel formation in numerous cancer types including (but not limited to) renal, breast, colon, pancreatic, lung, endometrial, ovarian, melanoma, sarcoma, and neuroectodermal tumors. We are currently evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of MORAb-004, a human monoclonal IgG1 targeting TEM-1, in a Phase I clinical trial. Because MORAb-004 only recognizes human/monkey TEM-1 and has no cross-reactivity with rodent TEM-1, we generated a human TEM-1 knock-in mouse line in order to assess its activity in in vivo tumor models. In a B16-F10 subcutaneous melanoma model we found that MORAb-004 significantly inhibited tumor progression by ∼70%. Moreover, using the Lewis Lung Carcinoma model of metastatic disease our results showed that MORAb-004 had a significant inhibitory effect on the number of lung metastases. Taken together our results demonstrated the ability of MORAb-004 in inhibiting the growth of solid tumors and preventing the emergence of distant metastases. The potential MOA is currently under evaluation and will be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3666. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3666