tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5568: Ginkgo biloba extract kaempferol induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells through downregulation of β-Catenin signaling
Authors: Yan Zeng, Dong Xiao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Kaempferol (Kae) is one of the most important constituents in ginkgo biloba extract which has been well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Kae is also reported to suppress the growth of cancer cells but the mechanism of cell death induction is not fully understood. In the present study, we performed in vitro studies, for the first time to examine whether Kae induces apoptotic cell death in human prostate cancer cells and if β-Catenin signaling pathway is involved in the Kae-induced apoptosis. Kae treatment was found to decrease viability of human prostate cancer PC-3 (androgen independent, p53 null) and LNCaP (androgen responsive, wild-type p53) cells at pharmacologically achievable concentrations (10-40 µmol/L at 24 h). The anti-cancer activity by Kae was caused by apoptosis induction, which was determined by increased cytoplasmic histone-associated DNA fragmentation, caspase 3 activities and sub-G0/G1 cell phase in PC-3 and LNCaP cells treated with Kae compared with controls. Interestingly, a normal human prostate epithelial cell line (PrEC) is significantly more resistant to growth inhibition and apoptosis induction by Kae. Exposure of PC-3 and LNCaP cells to Kae resulted in significant inhibition of β-Catenin protein levels by Elisa assay, down-regulation of protein expression of β-Catenin as well as its down stream targets C-myc, Cyclin D1 and survivin, and alteration in nuclear/cytoplasmic distribution of β-Catenin by immunoblotting. Moreover, Kae treatment significantly inhibited the β-Catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in PC-3 and LNCaP cells transiently transfected with the TCF-4 reporter assay. We also found that apoptosis induction by Kae in human prostate cancer cells correlates with suppression of androgen receptor (AR), phosphor-AR and PSA protein levels. In conclusion, the present study indicates that β-Catenin as well as AR signaling pathways may be targets for Kae-induced apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. This investigation was supported by USPHS grant R21 CA143104-02, awarded by the National Cancer Institute. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5568. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5568
Dw/LD-related molecular polymorphism of DR4 β-chains
Authors: JP Groner, AJ Watson, FH Bach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

The results of this study demonstrate the existence of molecular heterogeneity (polymorphism) within DR β-chains isolated from a single serologically defined DR phenotype, DR4. The data are consistent with the possibility that this polymorphism is related to the Dw/LD phenotype as defined with the cellular reagents, homozygous typing cells.
20 ENTECAVIR MAINTAINS A HIGH GENETIC BARRIER TO HBV RESISTANCE THROUGH 6 YEARS IN NAIVE PATIENTS
Authors: D.J. Tenney, K.A. Pokornowski, R.E. Rose, C.J. Baldick, B.J. Eggers, J. Fang, M.J. Wichroski, U.A. Diva, D. Xu, R.B. Wilber, H. Brett-Smith, U.H. Iloeje
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Air pollution and emergency room visits for asthma in Santa Clara County, California.
Authors: M Lipsett, S Hurley, B Ostro
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

During the winters of 1986-1987 through 1991-1992, rainfall throughout much of Northern California was subnormal, resulting in intermittent accumulation of air pollution, much of which was attributable to residential wood combustion (RWC). This investigation examined whether there was a relationship between ambient air pollution in Santa Clara County, California and emergency room visits for asthma during the winters of 1988-1989 through 1991-1992. Emergency room (ER) records from three acute-care hospitals were abstracted to compile daily visits for asthma and a control diagnosis (gastroenteritis) for 3-month periods during each winter. Air monitoring data included daily coefficient of haze (COH) and every-other-day particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 microns (PM10, 24-hr average), as well as hourly nitrogen dioxide and ozone concentrations. Daily COH measurements were used to predict values for missing days of PM10 to develop a complete PM10 time series. Daily data were also obtained for temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity. In time-series analyses using Poisson regression, consistent relationships were found between ER visits for asthma and PM10. Same-day nitrogen dioxide concentrations were also associated with asthma ER visits, while ozone was not. Because there was a significant interaction between PM10 and minimum temperature in this data set, estimates of relative risks (RRs) for PM10-associated asthma ER visits were temperature-dependent. A 60 micrograms/m3 change in PM10 (2-day lag) corresponded to RRs of 1.43 (95% CI = 1.18-1.69) at 20 degrees F, representing the low end of the temperature distribution, 1.27 (95% CI = 1.13-1.42) at 30 degrees F, and 1.11 (95% CI = 1.03-1.19) at 41 degrees F, the mean of the observed minimum temperature. ER visits for gastroenteritis were not significantly associated with any pollutant variable. Several sensitivity analyses, including the use of robust regressions and of nonparametric methods for fitting time trends and temperature effects in the data, supported these findings. These results demonstrate an association between ambient wintertime PM10 and exacerbations of asthma in an area where one of the principal sources of PM10 is RWC.
Synthesis of prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin catabolism in gastritis and gastric ulcer.
Authors: C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1986)

Because endogenous prostaglandins may protect the gastric mucosa a study was conducted to determine factors influencing the synthesis of immunoreactive prostaglandin (iPG) E2 and thromboxane (iTx) B2 as measured by radioimmunoassay and prostaglandin catabolism measured radiometrically, in human gastric mucosa. Gastric mucosa was obtained at endoscopy. Synthesis of iPE2 and iTxB2 was inhibited in vitro by indomethacin; iTxB2 synthesis was also selectively inhibited by the thromboxane synthesis inhibitor dazmegrel. Prostaglandin catabolism was inhibited by carbenoxolone. Multivariate analysis showed that synthesis of iPGE2 from endogenous precursor during homogenisation was decreased in patients on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Mucosal inflammation was associated with significantly increased synthesis of iPGE2 and decreased prostaglandin catabolism. There were no differences between the mucosa of patients with or without gastric ulcers, nor between the ulcer rim and mucosa 5 cm away. Age, sex, smoking history and ingestion of antisecretory drugs appeared to exert no influence. In this study gastritis was the major influence on prostaglandin synthesis. It seems unlikely that prostaglandin deficiency is a strong predisposing factor for gastric ulceration.
Acquired C1 Esterase Inhibitor Deficiency
Authors: Svetomir N. Markovic, David J. Inwards, Evangelos A. Frigas, Robert P. Phyliky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency is a rare condition associated with autoimmune or low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders. Adults or elderly patients are most commonly affected. The diagnosis is suspected when patients present with recurrent angioedema and low serum levels of C4 with normal levels of C3. Low levels of C1q and low C1 esterase inhibitor activity confirm the diagnosis. In this paper, we summarize experience with 22 cases of acquired C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency in the context of a review of the published literature on diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
Validation of a Clinical Decision Aid to Discontinue In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitations
Authors: Carl van Walraven
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextMost patients undergoing in-hospital cardiac resuscitation do not survive to hospital discharge. In a previous study, we developed a clinical decision aid for identifying all patients undergoing resuscitation who survived to hospital discharge.ObjectiveTo validate our previously derived clinical decision aid.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData from a large registry of in-hospital resuscitations at a community teaching hospital in Georgia were analyzed to determine whether patients would be predicted to survive to hospital discharge (ie, whether their arrest was witnessed or their initial cardiac rhythm was either ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation or they regained a pulse during the first 10 minutes of chest compressions). Data from 2181 in-hospital cardiac resuscitation attempts in 1987-1996 involving 1884 pulseless patients were analyzed.Main Outcome MeasureComparison of predictions based on the decision aid with whether patients were actually discharged alive from the hospital.ResultsFor 327 resuscitations (15.0%), the patient survived to hospital discharge. For 324 of these resuscitations, the patients were predicted to survive to hospital discharge (sensitivity = 99.1%, 95% confidence interval, 97.1%-99.8%). In 269 resuscitations, patients did not satisfy the decision aid and were predicted to have no chance of being discharged from the hospital. Only 3 of these patients (1.1%) were discharged from the hospital (negative predictive value = 98.9%), none of whom were able to live independently following discharge from the hospital.ConclusionThis decision aid can be used to help physicians identify patients who are extremely unlikely to benefit from continued resuscitative efforts.
Chromosomal rearrangements and microRNAs: a new cancer link with clinical implications
Authors: George A. Calin, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

There is widespread aberrant expression of mature and/or precursor microRNAs in cancer cells, as microRNAs are deregulated consequent to chromosomal alterations and other genomic abnormalities. The identification of such abnormalities has a clear diagnostic and prognostic significance, and there are ever increasing examples of links between certain human cancers and modifications at microRNA loci.
Psychiatry and Internal Medicine
Authors: Robert Sterling Palmer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE problem of the nervously ill is so formidable that, at its worst, 99 per cent of the sufferers cannot be treated by this country's 11,000 accredited psychiatrists, or even by the estimated 18,000 persons practicing psychiatry according to some estimates.1 Emotionally disturbed patients are seen first in medical practitioners' offices, where willingness to understand and accept responsibility may be the first step in reversing a trend toward family troubles, delinquencies, addictions, suicides or long hospital courses.2 Practical steps may be taken by practitioner or internist, within his proper role and competence, to assist both his patient and his psychiatric . . .
Expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase in murine myocardium following a myocardial infarction
Authors: F. Sam, F.R. Eberli, S. Ngoy, D.A. Sivvik, D.L.F. Chang, C.S. Apstein, W.S. Colucci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Calcified Liver Metastases
Authors: Josephine Wells
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

CALCIFICATION in the right upper quadrant may lie in the kidney, adrenal gland, gall bladder, liver or retroperitoneal area. Kidney tumors and tuberculosis of the kidney do show calcification. By means of positioning or, if necessary, pyelography, one can determine whether calcification lies within the kidney. Cholecystography is helpful in locating the margin of the liver, and in differentiating gallbladder calcification. Liver calcification is quite rare1; echinococcus disease shows ringlike calcification in the cyst walls; in tuberculosis the calcification is miliary; calcification in hemangiomas may be streaky2 or may resemble phleboliths. Calcification in metastases is referred to rarely in . . .
Abstract P5-09-04: The effect of nuclear factor kappa B activation on cell proliferation of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell lines with different HER2-status
Authors: L Sas, L Dirix, P Vermeulen, P Van Dam, F Lardon, S Van Laere
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction:Endocrine treatment is the mainstay of therapy for patients with Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer.Unfortunately, primary and secondary resistance to endocrine therapy are a major clinical problem. Previous studies have suggested a possible role for NFkB transcription factor family members in this resistance due to their effect on ER signaling. In this study, we aim to elucidate the interaction between both transcription factor families (ER and NFkB) and the consequence thereof on the growth pattern of ER+ cell lines. Materials and methods:For this study, 2 ER+ breast cancer cell lines (i.e. MCF7 and MDA-MB-361) were selected based on a documented attenuated NFkB activity in these cell lines and a different ErbB2 status.Prior to treatment with estrogen (E2), TNFα (NFkB activation) and/or parthenolide (NFkB inhibition), cells were seeded in 48 well plates. Proliferation was measured by means of a crystal violet assay. ELISA experiments to measure NFkB DNA-binding in nuclear protein extracts and qRT-PCR for NFkB target genes was performed. Results:Treatment of MCF7cells with different concentrations of TNFα initially increased cell proliferation, but after 48hrs, apoptosis occurred. Evaluation of NFkB DNA-binding showed a clear increase in RelA (p65), RelB (p62) and NFkB1 (p50) DNA-binding after 4hrs and up until but no longer than 24hrs of treatment. Results were confirmed by qRT-PCR for NFkB target genes.Due to the dynamics of NFkB activation secondary to TNFα treatment, we limited further experiments to 24hrs of treatment. Combination of E2and TNFα gave an additive effect in MCF7 cell proliferation compared to E2 alone, an effect counteracted by parthenolide in a concentration dependent manner. In the ErbB2+ cell line MDA-MB-361 our initial results suggest that addition of TNFα does not affect E2-driven cell proliferation. Conclusion: Our results so far suggest a different, ErbB2-dependent role for NFkB on the proliferation of ER+ breast cancer cells. Interestingly, the effect of NFkB seems to depend on both RelA- and RelB-dependent pathways. Experiments are currently being performed to elaborate on the present results. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-09-04.
Serial analysis of MLL-AF4 chimeric message through successful bone marrow transplantation in a patient with t(4;11)-positive infant-ALL
Authors: Yasuhiro Tabata, Shigeyoshi Hibi, Hiroko Maruyama-Tabata, Kentaro Tsunamoto, Shinjiro Todo, Tadashi Sawada, Takayuki Okamura, Keisei Kawa-Ha, Shinsaku Imashuku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

A 28-month-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) showing a t(4;11)(q21;q23) karyotype successfully underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) at relapse. The chimeric MLL-AF4 message on her bone marrow (BM) specimens, examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, was detectable at diagnosis, relapse, and just before BMT but became undetectable following BMT. She has since maintained complete remission. This observation suggests that detection of the chimeric message in BM may be useful to predict clinical outcome in patients with t(4;11) ALL. Am. J. Hematol. 64:203–205, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Endothelial Dysfunction After Repeated <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> Infection in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice
Authors: Petru Liuba, Päivi Karnani, Erkki Pesonen, Ilari Paakkari, Anders Forslid, Leif Johansson, Kenneth Persson, Torkel Wadström, Ricardo Laurini
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Arterial relaxation is largely regulated by endothelial nitric oxide (NO). Its diminished activity has been associated with incipient atherosclerosis. We investigated the endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta in apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-KO) mice exposed to single or repeated Chlamydia pneumoniae inoculation.Forty-eight apoE-KO mice, 8 weeks old, were inoculated intranasally with C pneumoniae (n=24) or saline (n=24) every 2 weeks over a 6-week period. Twenty mice (10 infected and 10 controls) were killed at 2 weeks and 6 weeks, respectively, after the first inoculation. The smooth muscle tone of aortic rings was measured in vitro at both time points. The norepinephrine-precontracted thoracic aortic rings were successively exposed to methacholine in the absence and presence of N:(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and diclofenac. The methacholine-induced relaxation was attenuated in the infected mice at 6 weeks in both the absence and presence of L-NAME (P:<0.05 and P:<0.01, respectively). When administered together with L-NAME, diclofenac enhanced the relaxation of the L-NAME-pretreated aortas in infected mice at 2 weeks (P:<0.05) but not in noninfected mice. The relaxation response from infected mice tended to differ in the same manner at 6 weeks (P:<0.1). No intimal thickening was detected at either time point.C pneumoniae impairs arterial endothelial function, and the NO pathway is principally involved. Cyclooxygenase-dependent vasoconstricting products may also account for the infection-induced impaired relaxation. These findings further support the role of C pneumoniae infection in atherosclerosis development.
Clinical investigation of the novel iron-chelating agent, CP94, to enhance topical photodynamic therapy of nodular basal cell carcinoma: further explanation of a dose-escalating pilot study conducted primarily to consider the safety of this pharmacologica
Authors: A. Curnow, S.M. Campbell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Clinical investigation of the novel iron‐chelating agent, CP94, to enhance topical photodynamic therapy of nodular basal cell carcinoma: further explanation of a dose‐escalating pilot study conducted primarily to consider the safety of this pharmacological modification Get access A. Curnow, A. Curnow Cornwall Dermatology Research, Peninsula Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, U.K. E‐mail: alison.curnow@pms.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.M. Campbell S.M. Campbell Cornwall Dermatology Research, Peninsula Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall TR1 3HD, U.K. E‐mail: alison.curnow@pms.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 224–225, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09544.x Published: 01 January 2010
Abstract 1934: Characterization of the anti-proliferative effect of 6-(3-aminopropyl)-9-methoxy-3-nitro-5H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline-5,11(6H)-dione in cultured PC-3 cells
Authors: Eun-Jung Park, Andrew Morrell, Martin Conda-Sheridan, Mark Cushman, John M. Pezzuto
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Previously, we reported interesting pharmacological responses mediated with indenoisoquinolines, including cytotoxic effects mediated by the topoisomerase I inhibitor 6-(3-aminopropyl)-9-methoxy-3-nitro-5H-indeno[1,2-c]isoquinoline-5,11(6H)-dione (AM9-79). We currently describe further mechanistic evaluations performed with cultured PC-3 cells. AM9-79 strongly inhibited proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner (IC50 = 9.77 nM; 72 h incubation period). As indicated by Annexin V/7-AAD double staining, an elevated population of cells was undergoing apoptosis. Accordingly, cellular levels of pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 were decreased, and the protein cleavage and enzymatic activities of several caspases, which play pivotal roles in apoptosis, were induced. Effects on gene expression were evaluated with a cDNA microarray, and it was found that AM9-79 significantly up-regulated the expression of BRCA2, CDKN1A, GADD45A, SERTAD1, and TP53. Consistent with these results, the protein level of CDKN1A (p21WAF1/CIP1), and phosphorylation/activation of ERK1/2, a signaling molecule positively correlated to the expression of BRCA2, were up-regulated. Further investigation of a potential upstream mechanism revealed treatment with AM9-79 decreased the protein level of EGFR and reduced nuclear translocation. This is relevant since current evidence indicates EGFR functions not only as a transmembrane receptor but also as a transcriptional factor. In accord with this response, decreased expression levels of downstream molecules (iNOS and cyclin D1) were observed. In sum, these data suggest AM9-79 can effectively function by novel mechanisms of relevance for the treatment or prevention of cancer. (Supported by P01 CA48112 awarded by the NCI) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1934. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1934
Indications and Techniques in Arterial Surgery
Authors: Thomas R. Nolan
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<i>Indications and Techniques in Arterial Surgery</i>is a reasonably detailed comprehensive guide for those not familiar with this subject. It is practical, concise, and quite well done. The editor and the contributors are well known for their work in the field of vascular diseases. The preface states that each author describes his preferred techniques. Other methods can be used, and no implication is given that these are the only acceptable methods of treatment. The absence of discussion of the thoracic outlet syndrome is unusual. Also absent is a discussion of vertebral artery surgery, which is admittedly less frequent than the techniques described. The printing is good and the volume is well illustrated. The angiograms and line drawings are clear and well done. The index is minimal and there are only a few references. The book fulfills its stated purpose well and is recommended to those wishing a basic understanding of
Autologous bone-marrow stem-cell transplantation for myocardial regeneration
Authors: Christof Stamm, Bernd Westphal, Hans-Dieter Kleine, Michael Petzsch, Christian Kittner, Heiko Klinge, Carl Schümichen, Christoph A Nienaber, Mathias Freund, Gustav Steinhoff
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Thrombosis in primary myelofibrosis: incidence and risk factors
Authors: Tiziano Barbui, Alessandra Carobbio, Francisco Cervantes, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Paola Guglielmelli, Elisabetta Antonioli, Alberto Alvarez-Larrán, Alessandro Rambaldi, Guido Finazzi, Giovanni Barosi
Journal: Blood (2009)
Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Early phases and diagnostic features
Authors: T. Nagayo
Journal: JAMA (1974)

ALTHOUGH the frequency of gastric cancer is decreasing yearly in western countries, it prevails in countries such as Chile, Ireland, and Japan. Most of the cancers diagnosed by routine roentgenologic examinations are advanced, and life-saving surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy hardly are expected for them. Recent statistical studies show that the five-year survival rate of patients on whom surgical resection of gastric cancer was performed is less than 40%, while that of patients with early gastric cancer is more than 95%. These data strongly emphasize that early detection and early resection can only improve the present poor state of cure from this disease.<sup>45</sup> Early gastric cancer, which is defined in Japan as mucosal and submucosal cancer, can be classified into the following three types by gross appearances: I, protruded; II, superficial; and III, ulcerated. The protruded type includes sessile or pedunculated polyps with malignant transformation and polypoid cancer. The superficial