tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2077: Downregulation of miR-21 induces differentiation of chemo-resistant colon cancer cells and enhances susceptibility to therapeutic regimens.
Authors: Yingjie Yu, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Adhip P.N. Majumdar
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous posttranscriptional modulators that negatively control the expression of their target genes and play an important role in the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma. In particular, microRNA-21 (miR-21), whose expression is greatly increased in chemotherapy-resistant (CR) colon cancer cells that are enriched in undifferentiated cancer stem/stem-like cells (CSCs/CSLCs). We hypothesize that miR-21 plays a critical role in regulating differentiation of colon cancer (CR cells). Indeed, we observed that downregulation of miR-21 in CR colon cancer HCT-116 cells by anti-sense-miR-21 induced differentiation, as evidenced by marked increases in CK-20 (cytokeratin-20) expression and alkaline phosphatase activity. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction in the expression of colon CSC/CSLCs marker CD44, colonospheres formation and TCF/LEF activity and increased expression of the pro-apoptotic gene PDCD4. Induction of differentiation greatly increased the sensitivity of CR cells to the growth inhibitory effects of all three regimens tested: 5- FU+ Oxaliplatin (FUOX), difluorinated curcumin (CDF), an analog of curcumin and the combination of CDF and FUOX. However, the magnitude of inhibition of growth by either CDF (75%) alone or CDF + FUOX (80%) was much higher than that observed with FUOX (40%). Growth inhibition by CDF and CDF + FUOX in differentiating CR colon cancer cells was associated with a 98-99% reduction in the expression of CD44 and EGFR. The current observation suggest that CDF as well as CDF + FUOX are highly effective in inhibiting growth and reducing colon CSCs/CSLCs in anti-miR-21-induced differentiating CR colon cancer cells, which supports our contention that differentiating cells become susceptible to conventional and non-conventional therapeutic regimen. Citation Format: Yingjie Yu, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Adhip P.N. Majumdar. Downregulation of miR-21 induces differentiation of chemo-resistant colon cancer cells and enhances susceptibility to therapeutic regimens. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2077. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2077
In Loring Park
Authors: Kristi L. Kirschner, Joanne C. Smith, Judith Panko-Reis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —Although we are well aware that a poem is not meant to convey a scientific or medical account on a particular issue, we are concerned that attitudinal bias and misinformation can be perpetrated by your inclusion of In Loring Park 1 in JAMA .  And my heart grows sad at the coming sorrow Of the hopeful eggs in your broken basket; They will never know the joy of the arrow's Prick come to waken them to their great task...  While we would not presume to question Dr Coe's knowledge base concerning the sexuality and fertility potential of women with disabilities, we can state that in our work as specialists in disability medicine, it is a frequent and all-too-common occurrence for women with disabilities to be judged infertile and asexual by both society and the health care professions.  With rare exceptions, most women with disabilities have the potential to
NF1 Gene Discovered Concurrently by Two Research Teams
Authors: M. E. Newman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article NF1 Gene Discovered Concurrently by Two Research Teams Get access Michael E. Newman Michael E. Newman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 16, 15 August 1990, Pages 1315–1316, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.16.1315 Published: 15 August 1990
Frequency of Major Molecular Responses to Imatinib or Interferon Alfa plus Cytarabine in Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Tim P. Hughes, Jaspal Kaeda, Susan Branford, Zbigniew Rudzki, Andreas Hochhaus, Martee L. Hensley, Insa Gathmann, Ann E. Bolton, Iris C. van Hoomissen, John M. Goldman, Jerald P. Radich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In a randomized trial, 1106 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase were assigned to imatinib or interferon alfa plus cytarabine as initial therapy. We measured levels of BCR-ABL transcripts in the blood of all patients in this trial who had a complete cytogenetic remission.Levels of BCR-ABL transcripts were measured by a quantitative real-time polymerase-chain-reaction assay. Results were expressed relative to the median level of BCR-ABL transcripts in the blood of 30 patients with untreated CML in chronic phase.In patients who had a complete cytogenetic remission, levels of BCR-ABL transcripts after 12 months of treatment had fallen by at least 3 log in 57 percent of those in the imatinib group and 24 percent of those in the group given interferon plus cytarabine (P=0.003). On the basis of the rates of complete cytogenetic remission of 68 percent in the imatinib group and 7 percent in the group given interferon plus cytarabine at 12 months, an estimated 39 percent of all patients treated with imatinib but only 2 percent of all those given interferon plus cytarabine had a reduction in BCR-ABL transcript levels of at least 3 log (P<0.001). For patients who had a complete cytogenetic remission and a reduction in transcript levels of at least 3 log at 12 months, the probability of remaining progression-free was 100 percent at 24 months, as compared with 95 percent for such patients with a reduction of less than 3 log and 85 percent for patients who were not in complete cytogenetic remission at 12 months (P<0.001).The proportion of patients with CML who had a reduction in BCR-ABL transcript levels of at least 3 log by 12 months of therapy was far greater with imatinib treatment than with treatment with interferon plus cytarabine. Patients in the imatinib group with this degree of molecular response had a negligible risk of disease progression during the subsequent 12 months.
Accuracy of Perceptions of Overweight and Relation to Self-Care Behaviors Among Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes and Their Parents
Authors: Asheley Cockrell Skinner, Morris Weinberger, Shelagh Mulvaney, David Schlundt, Russell L. Rothman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To examine how adolescents with type 2 diabetes and their parents/primary caregivers perceive the adolescents' weight and the relationship of those perceptions to diet and exercise behaviors and perceived barriers to healthy behaviors.Interviews were conducted with adolescents and their parents about perceptions of the adolescents' weight, diet, and exercise behaviors, as well as barriers to engaging in healthy diet and exercise behaviors. Interviews were linked with clinic records to provide BMI.A total of 104 parent-adolescent dyads participated. Parents and adolescents typically perceived the adolescents' weight as less severe than it actually was. For parents and adolescents, underestimating the adolescents ' weight was associated with poorer diet behaviors and more perceived barriers to following healthy diet or exercise behaviors.Addressing misperceptions of weight by adolescents and their parents may be an important first step to improving weight in these patients.
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Events—Reply
Authors: Evangelos C. Rizos, Evangelia E. Ntzani, Moses S. Elisaf
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Expensive laxatives not neccessarily best
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Expensive danthron laxatives should not be used routinely for treating constipated elderly people as they are no more effective than cheaper preparations, concludes a systematic review.

The review, carried out as part of the health technology assessment programme, points out that the cost of treatment with laxatives varies widely and that some of the more expensive laxatives are becoming widely …
Neurological damage related to open-heart surgery: A clinical survey
Authors: M. A. Branthwaite
Journal: Thorax (1972)

A survey has been carried out on all cases submitted to open-heart surgery at one hospital during 1970 to determine which operative features were associated with the occurrence of neurological damage. Four hundred and seventeen subjects survived the operative period. Neurological dysfunction, defined as impairment of consciousness, voluntary movement or vision, apparent within three days of operation, was noted in 80 patients (19·2%). Twenty-one of these 80 patients died in the postoperative period, neurological damage contributing to the fatal outcome in 11 cases. The remaining 59 patients survived to leave hospital but 17 were left with some residual neurological disability. A number of features were found to be positively correlated with the development of neurological damage when considered alone, but multiple regression analysis revealed that only three factors were significantly associated, independent of all other variables. These factors were age, duration of perfusion, and a history of previous neurological disorder. The use of a Temptrol oxygenator was associated with a lower incidence of neurological dysfunction to a degree which was probably significant (p&lt;0·02). The small number of patients perfused with the Temptrol oxygenator (30 cases) reduces the clinical importance of this finding.
Violence in Health Care Settings on Rise
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lung cancer in the lower lobe is associated with pulmonary asbestos fiber count and fiber size.
Authors: S Anttila, A Karjalainen, O Taikina-aho, P Kyyrönen, H Vainio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

We studied exposure to asbestos, pulmonary fibrosis, fiber count, and fiber size in relation to the lobar origin of lung cancer in 90 consecutive patients. Among the 32 patients with a history of occupational exposure to asbestos, 22 were construction workers. The proportion of lower-lobe tumors increased with the duration of exposure from 45% in those working less than 15 years to 82% in those working 15 years or more in the construction trade, as compared with 25% in patients who were probably not exposed. The location of the tumor in the lower lobe was explained by the high number of total fibers [odds ratio (OR) = 9.0, CI = 2.3-34.6), of fibers 3 microns and longer (OR = 22.1, CI = 3.9-125), and fibers of anthophyllite (OR = 14.6, CI = 2.4-83.4) and crocidolite (OR = 7.0, CI = 1.2-41.2) when the effect of smoking and fibrosis was adjusted in the logistic regression analysis. The location of the tumor did not correlate with fibrosis, pack-years smoked, or the number of short (&lt; 3 microns) fibers. Our findings suggest that asbestos causes an excess of lower-lobe tumors at a relatively low exposure level, independently of pulmonary fibrosis.
Prognostic Value of the Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness for the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Andreas Melidonis, Ioannis A. Kyriazis, Areti Georgopali, Michalis Zairis, Anastasios Lyras, Theodoros Lambropoulos, Dimitrios Matsaidonis, Stefanos Foussas
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Over the past decade, the measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography has emerged as one noninvasive method of choice for determining the anatomic extent of atherosclerosis and its progression and for assessing cardiovascular and stroke risk (1–4).

In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that carotid artery IMT measurements obtained by ultrasonography correlate well with pathologic measurements, and numerous investigators (5) have demonstrated the reproducibility of this technique and the strong correlation between IMT and classic risk factors (male sex, aging, overweight, elevated blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking). Many studies (6–8) have shown that the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients is two or three times higher than that in nondiabetic control subjects. A few …
So much time for so little: Italy's pharmaceutical industry and doctors' information needs
Authors: E. Maestri
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Two local experiences in northern Italy may be relevant to the discussion following the recent editorial by Griffith on doctors' reasons for not seeing drug representatives.1

In 1992, eight general practitioners from Guastallae evaluated the amount of time spent with pharmaceutical representatives. On average, each doctor had 435 visits per year from 102 different companies and spent a total of 58 hours every year talking to pharmaceutical representatives. To reduce this time, four doctors allowed up to two visits per day, and …
CS-18 * Src FAMILY KINASES DIFFERENTIALLY INFLUENCE GLIOMA GROWTH AND MOTILITY
Authors: L. Lewis-Tuffin, R. Feathers, P. Hari, N. Durand, Z. Li, K. Bakken, B. Carlson, M. Schroeder, J. Sarkaria, P. Anastasiadis
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

We have reported that tumor cells at the invasive front of human glioblastoma (GBM) xenografts exhibit increased activity of Src family kinases (SFKs). We also showed that increased invasion induced by treatment of GBM xenografts with bevacizumab can be suppressed by co-administration of the general SFK inhibitor dasatinib. Additionally, dasatinib significantly retards the growth of GBM cells in vitro. Here, we sought to identify specific SFKs that when targeted can account for the anti-tumorigenic activity of dasatinib. We used a targeted shRNA approach to initially validate and subsequently knockdown the expression of individual SFKs in the context of both conventional and patient derived xenograft cell lines in vitro and in orthotopic xenografts. We focused on Src, Yes, Fyn and Lyn, major SFKs expressed in the central nervous system. In vitro studies examined the conventional glioma cell lines LN229 and SF767, and the xenograft cell line GBM8, while in vivo studies focused on GBM8. All three cell lines express the four SFKs and respond with abrogated cell growth to treatment with dasatinib in vitro. The results revealed cell type specific differences in SFK activities; however, in general, Yes, Fyn and Src all promoted cell growth and migration to a differing degree, while Lyn had no effect in vitro. Surprisingly, Fyn or Src depletion had no effect on tumor growth in orthotopic GBM8 xenografts, while Yes knockdown significantly reduced tumor growth and extended survival. Unexpectedly, depletion of endogenous Lyn had the opposite effect, inducing rapid tumor growth in vivo and decreasing overall survival. The data are consistent with the lack of appreciable benefit of dasatinib treatment on tumor growth and overall survival in GBM8 xenografts, uncover a key tumor suppressive function of Lyn in GBM, and suggest interrogation of Lyn activity in GBM tumors prior to dasatinib therapy.
Semen quality and reproductive endocrine function in relation to biomarkers of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in men.
Authors: S Telisman, P Cvitković, J Jurasović, A Pizent, M Gavella, B Rocić
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Blood lead (BPb), activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP), blood cadmium (BCd), serum zinc (SZn), seminal fluid zinc (SfZn), serum copper (SCu), and parameters of semen quality and of reproductive endocrine function were measured in 149 healthy male industrial workers 20-43 years of age. The group contained 98 subjects with slight to moderate occupational exposure to Pb and 51 reference subjects. All of the subjects lived in Zagreb, Croatia. Significant (p < 0.05) correlations of BPb, ALAD, and/or EP with reproductive parameters indicated a Pb-related decrease in sperm density, in counts of total, motile, and viable sperm, in the percentage and count of progressively motile sperm, in parameters of prostate secretory function (SfZn, acid phosphatase, and citric acid in seminal fluid), and an increase in abnormal sperm head morphology, serum testosterone, and estradiol. These associations were confirmed by results of multiple regression, which also showed significant (p < 0. 05) influence of BCd, SZn, SCu, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, or age on certain reproductive parameters. These effects were mainly of lower rank and intensity as compared to Pb-related reproductive effects, whereas BCd contributed to a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in abnormal sperm morphology and serum testosterone. No significant Pb- or Cd-related influence was found on levels of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LDH-C(4) and fructose in seminal fluid or on follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin in serum. The seminal fluid concentrations of Pb (SfPb) and Cd (SfCd) were measured in 118 of the 149 subjects, and a highly significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was found between BPb and SfPb levels (r = 0.571) and between BCd and SfCd levels (r = 0.490). The overall study results indicate that even moderate exposures to Pb (BPb < 400 microg/L) and Cd (BCd < 10 microg/L) can significantly reduce human semen quality without conclusive evidence of impairment of male reproductive endocrine function.
Laser Angioplasty-Reply
Authors: Daniel S. J. Choy
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Goldberg's comments are appreciated, but they fail to describe the entire panorama of events following intimal damage by a variety of means such as surgical anastomosis, balloon angioplasty, Fogarty catheter endothelial stripping, surgical endarterectomy, or laser recanalization. More than platelet aggregation and release of growth factor occur. Local tissue prostacyclin production leading to lysis of thrombi is another factor that must be considered. Preliminary work by our group with Dr B. Weksler, Cornell University Medical Center, confirms the report by Abela et al<sup>1</sup>of increased prostacyclin production after laser irradiation of arterial tissue. This would tend to prevent new thrombus formation. Blood flow velocity over the lasered segment is another factor. Chesebro and Frye<sup>2</sup>showed increased incidence of occlusion of bypass vein grafts when flow was less than 40 mL/min. Prioleau et al<sup>3</sup>reported blood flow that was reduced to 14 mL/min in vein
Mesenchymal stromal cells of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia patients have distinct genetic abnormalities compared with leukemic blasts
Authors: Olga Blau, Claudia Dorothea Baldus, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Gundula Thiel, Florian Nolte, Thomas Burmeister, Seval Türkmen, Ouidad Benlasfer, Elke Schümann, Annette Sindram, Mara Molkentin, Stefan Mundlos, Ulrich Keilholz, Eckhard Thiel, Igor Wolfgang Blau
Journal: Blood (2011)
The 'New' AMA
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This is a<i>JAMA</i>theme issue on quality. It stems from our overriding current professional concern with preserving the quality of care for the sick. The issue was inspired by the tenor and achievements of the June 1986 Annual Meeting of the AMA, which reflect clearly the extraordinary active directions now being taken by organized medicine in the United States. The tone of the meeting was struck early by outgoing President Harrison Rogers, MD, who, in a characteristically straight-to-the-point speech, summarized the intense activity of his year as official spokesman and listener for the Association. Urging the highest standards of quality of care, President Rogers has frequently emphasized that the golden age of medicine is ahead, not behind. He maintained that there is no longer any one best way to practice medicine but that competent, conscientious, and effective physicians practice equally well in many settings and in many practice arrangements.
Intersalt: hypertension rise with age revisited
Authors: R. L Hanneman
Journal: BMJ (1996)

South Korea has consistently exhibited high rates of motor vehicle-related deaths (MVDs) since the late 1980s. This study investigated the number of MVDs around two major public holidays in South Korea—Lunar New Year9s Day and Thanksgiving Day. MVDs from records of all individual deaths in 1997–2014 were extracted; then, MVDs per day from 14 days before and after each holiday (ie, 29 days in total) were summed across the years. Eventually, the 3-day mean values of MVDs before and after the holiday were compared, when holiday-related traffic peaks. The 3-day mean before Lunar New Year9s Day was 385 fatalities, but dropped to 324 after the holiday; the corresponding figures for Thanksgiving Day were 494 and 413. These results are contrary to those of other countries. It appears that the severe congestion of highway traffic around the holidays resulted in a decrease in MVDs.