tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erratum to: Recommendations for sepsis management in resource-limited settings
Authors: Martin W. Dünser, Emir Festic, Arjen Dondorp, Niranjan Kissoon, Tsenddorj Ganbat, Arthur Kwizera, Rashan Haniffa, Tim Baker, Marcus J. Schultz
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)

The recommendation to use artesunate by suppositories (8-16 mg/kg at 0 and 12 h and then daily) if injectable artesunate is unavailable should not have been included in Table 8.The corrected table is given here.
Insights Into the Significance of Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4 and Antibodies Against Citrullinated Antigens in the Absence of “True ACPAs” in an Experimental Model of Arthritis: Comment on the Article by Shelef et al
Authors: Maximilian F. Konig, Erika Darrah, Felipe Andrade
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)
Significance of extensive Mongolian spots in Hunter's syndrome
Authors: T. Ochiai, K. Ito, T. Okada, M. Chin, H. Shichino, H. Mugishima
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The importance of early diagnosis in infants with a mild form of Hunter's syndrome should be emphasized. If applied sufficiently early, haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or recombinant enzyme therapy may improve the prognosis. At present, however, diagnosis of the mild form of Hunter's syndrome tends to be delayed, especially in infants with relatively normal intelligence.To investigate the occurrence of Mongolian spots in infants with Hunter's syndrome, and to clarify the relationship between the Mongolian spots and Hunter's syndrome clinically and histopathologically.Seven Japanese boys with Hunter's syndrome who had received HSCT at ages 4-11 years were observed. The cutaneous manifestations of Mongolian spots before HSCT were evaluated, and compared with those after HSCT. In two patients, the hyperpigmentation from the Mongolian spots was examined by light and electron microscopy.Pre-HSCT observation revealed that all the patients had an extensive Mongolian spot. These were present at birth and have shown no signs of resolution during the post-HSCT period. Electron microscopic findings showed that pigment-bearing dermal melanocytes contained many free melanosomes in stage IV. These were surrounded by extracellular sheaths and encircled by elastic fibres.Our results indicate a strong clinical correlation between the extensive Mongolian spots and Hunter's syndrome. Ultrastructural findings also clearly suggest that the hyperpigmentation is a long-lasting symptom. The recognition of the extensive Mongolian spots is essential as it may lead to early diagnosis in patients with a mild form of Hunter's syndrome.
THE VALUE OF THE STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGY IN CUTANEOUS MEDICINE
Authors: WALTER J. HIGHMAN
Journal: JAMA (1926)

If in general medicine it is true that histopathologic studies illuminate the nature of disease and are valuable in diagnosis, it must also be true in dermatology. In skin lesions, however, overemphasis should not be laid on the diagnostic importance of the histologic specimen. We Americans are a paradox in science. With a flair for the practical, we are ingenuous as to the printed word, rarely tarrying to analyze it. In continental Europe sophistication is of such an order that what can withstand its analysis approaches soundness. But our mental geniality, and our embarrassment in the presence of abstractions, render us a prey to oratory and writing. We lack legitimate skepticism and, with little question, accept both what is acclaimed and the acclaimer. The point of all this is that, so far as the value of cutaneous histopathology is concerned, two sets of factors should be examined: the claims made
Human and animal health: strengthening the link: Politics and economics inhibited control of anthrax last century
Authors: Tim Carter
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Methodological concerns about animal facilitated therapy with dolphinsEditor-We have the following concerns with Antonioli and Reveley's study of animal facilitated depression with dolphins in the treatment of depression. 1 The study was small (30 patients), only 13 people from the animal care programme and 12 from the outdoor nature programme completing the study.The authors used a conservative measure to estimate the number of patients required for this study, and even then fell short by 17%.Single women predominated in both arms.It is difficult to fathom how clinical raters can be blinded to the treatment hypothesis.The authors did not mention the ethnic group of the participants.Only people who could go to Honduras were able to take part in this study.Most people with mild depression will not be able to take a three week holiday.The findings are not generalisable as most people would not be able to afford to go to such a location and swimming and snorkeling are not necessarily favourite pastimes.There may be a vacation bias.If the study group sponsored the three week trip to Honduras we suspect that a free three week trip to a seaside location in Latin America would in itself be a powerful antidepressant.There may be a disappointment bias.If the control group were aware of the potential to be in a group where they could interact with dolphins for two weeks before they reached Honduras, they could be disappointed in missing out.People with depression perceive disappointment more intensely.The study could have been done in a more natural and plausible setting with common pets such as dogs or cats for a fraction of the cost.
SS-56, a novel cellular target of autoantibody responses in Sjögren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Odile Billaut-Mulot, Cécile Cocude, Vincent Kolesnitchenko, Marie-José Truong, Edward K.L. Chan, Eric Hachula, Xavier de la Tribonnière, André Capron, George M. Bahr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Certain autoimmune disorders, including Sjögren syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), are characterized by autoantibodies against the Ro/SSA and La/SSB cellular antigens. Although the implication of these autoantibodies in disease pathogenesis is still unclear, it is believed that the aberrant responses against autoantigens may extend to other proteins that are not yet well defined. In an attempt to analyze the regulated gene expression in lymphocytes by an HIV-suppressive immunomodulator, we have identified and cloned a novel gene encoding a 56-kDa protein, named SS-56, which is structurally related to the 52-kDa Ro/SSA antigen. The new protein showed primarily perinuclear cytoplasmic localization, and recombinant SS-56 was found to react in ELISA with sera from most patients with SS or SLE. Western blot analysis confirmed the autoantigenic nature of native SS-56 in extracts from HeLa cells. Interestingly, the incidence of antibodies to SS-56 was associated with visceral complications in SLE, and roughly half of the 17 SS or SLE patients with no detectable antibodies to SSA and SSB antigens presented measurable antibodies against recombinant SS-56. Thus, SS-56 represents a new member of the SS family of autoantigens and could become an additional and important diagnostic marker for SS and SLE.
Determination of Systemic Vascular Resistance by a Noninvasive Technic
Authors: MILTIADIS A. STEFADOUROS, MICHAEL J. DOUGHERTY, WILLIAM GROSSMAN, ERNEST CRAIGE
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Measurement of systemic vascular resistance in man currently requires arterial and venous cannulation, so that cardiac output and mean arterial blood pressure may be simultaneously determined. This report describes a noninvasive technic for determining systemic vascular resistance (SVR n ), utilizing an ultrasonic method for cardiac output measurement, and a combination of sphygmomanometry and external carotid pulse tracing analysis for determination of mean arterial blood pressure. SVR n was measured by this technic in 18 patients and compared with systemic vascular resistance determined by conventional methods at cardiac catheterization (SVR c ). There was excellent correlation, with SVR c = 0.865 SVR n +216 and r = 0.85. The sensitivity of the method was verified in studies on 12 normal subjects in whom SVR n while supine (1235 ± 61 dyne-sec-cm –5 , mean ± se ) was less than SVR n while standing (1416 ± 81, P &lt; 0.01) and greater than SVR n supine after amyl nitrite inhalation (652 ± 41, P &lt; 0.0001). It is concluded that this noninvasive, simple, and safe technic should prove to be a useful bedside method for routine clinical measurement of systemic vascular resistance.
Threat to Social Status and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Johannes Siegrist
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

An approach focusing on the detrimental role of fundamental threats to one's social status for cardiovascular pathology is briefly outlined. Recent findings of epidemiologic studies in humans and experimental studies in monkeys are interpreted in this framework. Results of a large retrospective case-control study on 380 male patients with clinically documented first acute myocardial infarction (AMI), aged 30–55, and matched controls show a significantly higher percentage of subjects experiencing occupational downward mobility, forced occupational change, and recent cut-down in personnel combined with increased work load in the patient group. Finally, first results of an ongoing prospective study on blue-collar workers are presented indicating predictive power of these social stressors for new AMI cases if combined with indicators of a critically lowered coping threshold.
659. The Plasticity of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC): Rat HSC Transduced In Situ by rSV40 Vectors Differentiate into Multiple Lineages of CNS Cells
Authors: Jean-Pierre Louboutin, Bianling Liu, Beverley S. Reyes, Elizabeth J. Van Bockstaele, David S. Strayer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
Effect of acyclovir on bronchoconstriction and urinary leukotriene E4 excretion in aspirin-induced asthma☆☆☆★★★
Authors: Satoshi Yoshida, Hideo Sakamoto, Yoko Yamawaki, Tatsuhiro Shoji, Kazuhito Akahori, Kazuya Onuma, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Hideaki Amayasu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
When Character Is More Important Than Intelligence. Review of Carl Elliott, ed.<i>Slow Cures and Bad Philosophers: Essays on Wittgenstein, Medicine, and Bioethics</i>
Authors: Stefan Eriksson
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2003)

When Character is More Important than Intelligence : Review of Carl Elliott (ed.), Slow Cures and Bad Philosophers - Essays on Wittgenstein, Medicine, and Bioethics
Interstitial Lymphoscintigraphy for Diagnosis of Lymphocele
Authors: BHARTI R. PATEL, JAMES L. BURKHALTER, RAMESH B. PATEL, SESHADRI RAJU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A patient with the development of a post-surgical mass in the thigh, at the site of surgery, is described. Lymphoscintigraphy was important in solving the clinical dilemma.
Remission of nephrotic range proteinuria in type I diabetes
Authors: Lee A. Hebert, Raymond P. Bain, Dante Verme, Daniel Cattran, Frederick C. Whittier, Nathan Tolchin, Richard D. Rohde, Edmund J. Lewis, E.J. Lewis, R. Rohde, M. Nemcek, L.G. Hunsicker, R.P. Bain, J. Lachin, S.W. Greenhouse, DA. Verme, T.R. Turlington, P.K. Burrows, J. Wish, J. Sheehan, M. Pohl, T. Berl, G. Santiago, J. Lemann, S. Blumenthal, B.A. Bresnahan, L. Hebert, N.S. Nahman, S. Goldfarb, S. Kobrin, R. Rodby, S. Lietz, D. Valaitis, A. Levey and M. McLaughlin), M. Williams, J. McGill, F. Whittier, D. Cattran, J. Hano, D. Maxwell, J. Porush, S. Spitalewitz, K. Shapiro, S. Adler, N. Tolchin, W. Hoy, R. Bernstein, L. Svetkey, Z. Sharon, B. Rosenbaum, J.R. Anolik, H. Tidesley, C. Joyce, J. Breyer
Journal: Kidney International (1994)
Formation and Intracellular Trafficking of Lipoplexes and Polyplexes
Authors: Abdelatif Elouahabi, Jean-Marie Ruysschaert
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Cationic lipid/DNA lipoplexes and cationic polymer/DNA polyplexes represent an attractive alternative to viral vectors for cell transfection in vitro and in vivo but still suffer from a relatively low efficiency. Optimization of their transfection efficiency may be attempted by using a trial and error approach consisting of synthesizing and testing a large number of derivatives. On the other hand, rational design of highly efficient cationic lipids and polymers requires a deeper understanding of the interactions between the vector and the DNA as well as the cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in DNA entry into the cell and ultimately the nucleus. In the present review, the pathways and mechanisms involved in lipoplex- and polyplex-mediated transfection are comparatively addressed and unresolved questions are highlighted.
Smooth Muscle Cells Isolated From Discrete Compartments of the Mature Vascular Media Exhibit Unique Phenotypes and Distinct Growth Capabilities
Authors: M. G. Frid, A. A. Aldashev, E. C. Dempsey, K. R. Stenmark
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Heterogeneity of smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype and function is rapidly emerging as an important concept. We have recently described that phenotypically distinct SMC subpopulations in bovine pulmonary arteries exhibit unique proliferative and matrix-producing responses to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. To provide better understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to this phenomenon, experimental studies will require a reliable in vitro model. The purpose of the present study was first to determine if distinct SMC subpopulations, similar to those observed in vivo, could be selectively isolated from the mature arterial media, and then to evaluate whether select SMC subpopulations would exhibit heightened responses to growth-promoting stimuli and hypoxia. We were able to reproducibly isolate at least four phenotypically unique cell subpopulations from the inner, middle, and outer compartments of the arterial media. Differences in cell phenotype were demonstrated by morphological appearance and differential expression of muscle-specific proteins. The isolated cell subpopulations exhibited markedly different growth capabilities. Two SMC subpopulations grew slowly in 10% serum and were quiescent in plasma-based medium. The other two cell subpopulations, exhibiting nonmuscle characteristics, grew rapidly in 10% serum and proliferated in plasma-based medium and in response to hypoxia. Certain colonies of the nonmuscle-like cell subpopulations were found to grow autonomously under serum-deprived conditions and to secrete mitogenic factors. Our data, demonstrating that phenotypically distinct cells with enhanced growth potential exist within the normal arterial media, support the idea that these unique cells could contribute selectively to the pathogenesis of vascular disease.
Multivariate Procedures in the Statistical Analysis of Psychic and Somatic Symptoms in Depression
Authors: I.D. Demel, J. Gordesch, H. Katschnig, W. Pöldinger, V. Scheiber, P. Sint
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

On a total of 193 depressive patients up to 33 different (mainly psycho-physiological) variables were obtained and five multivariate statistical procedures dealing with the problem of classification were applied. Using discriminant analysis, profile analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis and conditional classification first of all the clinical typology of endogenous and reactive depression was confirmed (with discriminant and profile analysis) while the application of cluster analysis and conditional classification resulted in 'new typologies' showing great similarity with the accepted clinical types.
Limited niche availability suppresses murine intrathymic dendritic-cell development from noncommitted progenitors
Authors: Marcin Łyszkiewicz, Natalia Ziętara, Lisa Föhse, Jacek Puchałka, Jana Diestelhorst, Katrin Witzlau, Immo Prinz, Axel Schambach, Andreas Krueger
Journal: Blood (2014)
Effect of stilboestrol on sodium balance, cardiac state, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity in prostatic carcinoma.
Authors: B Blyth, C U McRae, E A Espiner, M G Nicholls, J V Conaglen, N Gilchrist
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A prospective study examined the sequential effects of diethylstilboestrol (stilboestrol) on sodium balance, cardiac state, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity in six patients with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Whereas metabolic balance studies did not show evidence of sodium retention during the first seven days of treatment, there was a significant and progressive increase in plasma volume after three months (mean increase 541 ml; p less than 0.01). Stilboestrol increased supine plasma renin and angiotensin II values but the response of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity to erect posture was progressively reduced during treatment. No significant changes in blood pressure or indices of cardiac function occurred during the three months of observation. The findings of increased basal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity and an increase in plasma volume suggest an important mechanism of the cardiac complications associated with oestrogen treatment.
Esophagitis dissecans presenting with halitosis
Authors: I. Robles, R. Saenz
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 25-year-old woman with halitosis but no remarkable medical history was referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. There was no dysphagia, odynophagia, heartburn, weight loss, or any skin disease, but the patient had a cousin who had severe eosinophilic esophagitis. We carried out routine endoscopy under sedation with 5 mg intravenous midazolam and cardiopulmonary monitoring. While insufflating, we were surprised to see the mucosa split longitudinally in the proximal esophagus and the air enter underneath, detaching it ([Fig. 1]) so that the mucosa resembled peeling snake skin. This occurred all the way down to the esophagogastric junction ([Fig. 2]). There was no bleeding, and under the peeled off mucosa there was normal mucosa and a normal-appearing esophagus. There were no lesions in the stomach and duodenum. We carried out biopsies of the three esophageal segments, stomach, duodenum, and also of the peeled off mucosa. The pathologic examination was negative for eosinophilic esophagitis, with fewer than 10 esophageal eosinophils per high power field. The only significant finding was the presence of mild candidiasis in the peeled mucosa. At clinical follow-up 2 months later, the patient was asymptomatic.
Kidney pseudotumour diagnosed by emission computed tomography.
Authors: E D Williams, C Parker
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Emission computed tomography is a new, useful imaging technique; when a rotating gamma camera capable of such imaging is used multiple adjacent transverse sections may be obtained simultaneously, from which coronal and sagittal sections may be computed. The technique was used in a man undergoing urological investigation in whom excretion urography indicated a space-occupying lesion in the left kidney. Ultrasonography and radionuclide imaging showed nothing abnormal, but emission computed tomography using a rotating gamma camera showed that functioning cortical tissue extended across the middle of the left kidney. Radiographs were therefore reviewed and ultrasonography repeated, and it was concluded that the abnormality was a hypertrophied column of Bertin. Emission tomographic imaging of the kidney is a useful adjunct to other non-invasive studies.
Pulsating Varicose Veins in Functional Tricuspid Insufficiency
Authors: PHILIP W. BRICKNER, W. TRACY SCUDDER, MICHAEL WEINRIB
Journal: Circulation (1962)

To the 19 previously reported cases of pulsating varicose veins of the legs in tricuspid insufficiency, another case is added. Simultaneous electrocardiographic and venous pressure tracings of a pulsating varicose vein were recorded. A single broad "v" wave with loss of a conspicuous "x" descent, characteristic of tricuspid insufficiency with atrial fibrillation, was noted. The clinical manifestations of tricuspid insufficiency disappeared as the patient's cardiac status improved, suggesting the functional nature of the insufficiency in this case.
Vitamin B12 Malabsorption after Cobalt Teletherapy for Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: M. P. McBrien
Journal: BMJ (1973)

After cobalt teletherapy for carcinoma of the bladder, eight out of 14 consecutively admitted patients were shown to have malabsorption of vitamin B(12), though none had developed a megaloblastic anaemia. Despite lack of symptoms this group of patients is at risk after radiotherapy.
The Otago Medical School, 1875-1975.
Authors: R G Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1975)

I would like to say a word as to the influence of the Medical School on the medical profession itself.I believe it has made for unity and efficiency.It has raised the standard of practice all round, not only in Dunedin but throughouit the dominion.It has kept the older men at work, and has incited the younger men to keep their knowledge up to date.It has encouraged friendliness and mutual helpfulness and discussion without which no progress can be made.If there is a higher ethical standard in Dunedin than in some other places in the dominion-and I have often heard that asserted-it is due to the influence of the University of its teachers and their professorial colleagues."'Prelude Dunedin was founded in March 1848, when the pioneer ships arrived for the town planned by the New Edinburgh Settlement.Dunedin is the Gaelic form of Edinburgh, and Otago is an Anglo-Maori version of Otakou-place of red earth.The Scottish aspirations for higher education were made possible by the discovery of gold in Otago in 1861.Soon Dunedin was the most populous town in the Colony and its business capital.The Provincial Council of Otago with its expansive superintendent James Macandrew, and supported by the Presbyterian synod, passed an ordinance in 1869 establishing a university with power to grant degrees in arts, law, and medicine.But there was no support from government.Land was endowed for a chair of mental
The role of memory in planning and pretense
Authors: Peter Gärdenfors
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Corresponding to Glenberg's distinction between the automatic and effortful modes of memory, I propose a distinction between cued and detached mental representations. A cued representation stands for something that is present in the external situation of the representing organism, while a detached representation stands for objects or events that are not present in the current situation. This distinction is important for understanding the role of memory in different cognitive functions like planning and pretense.