tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Distribution of hospital provision: policy themes and resource variations.
Authors: M J Buxton, R E Klein
Journal: BMJ (1975)

There has been much discussion in the past about the inequitable distribution of N.H.S. resources between different regions. This paper examines the distribution of hospital resources in terms of current revenue and beds in different specialties in eight regions (49 area health authorities). Variations between A.H.A.s are far more important than those between regions, and indeed they are so large (even in the acute specialties) that it is doubtful whether some A.H.A.s can be considered to be offering a comprehensive service. In the light of these findings the paper explores policy problems involved in trying to secure a more equitable distribution of N.H.S. resources at a time of financial stringency.
Technique of Gastric Freezing in the Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Edward T. Peter
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Laboratory experiments and clinical trials with gastric freezing indicate that this method promises to be a simple and effective manner of overcoming the peptic ulcer diathesis. Isolated canine gastric pouches subjected to a single freeze at —20° C. for an hour frequently failed to respond to gastric stimulants for periods as long as 8 months. The stomachs of 80 patients with duodenal ulcer have been frozen, with immediate relief of symptoms, early disappearance of ulcer craters, and depressed gastric secretory responses. The technique of gastric freezing is described and certain precautionary measures are recommended.
WHO Declares the Individual's Right to Be Safe
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vocal Cord Paralysis Following Intubation
Authors: David S. David
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Holley and Gildea on vocal cord paralysis following endotracheal intubation (<b>215</b>:281, 1971) in surgery leads us to report a case of unilateral vocal cord paralysis following intubation for cardiac arrest. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 19-year-old boy treated by hemodialysis for one year required revision of the arteriovenous shunt. On the second day of admission he suffered a hyperkalemic cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation. Endotracheal intubation was effected with a No. 34 cuffed rubber tube with the cuff expanded sufficiently to provide an air-tight seal. An MA-1 respirator provided oxygen. Eight hours later he was noted to have absent breath sounds in the left lateral part of the chest and the tube was withdrawn approximately 2 inches, with clinical improvement. The tube was removed after 76 hours, following which the patient complained of a sore throat and hoarseness. He was discharged ten days
Sphingosine-1-phosphate induces pro-remodelling response in airway smooth muscle cells
Authors: E. Fuerst, H. R. Foster, J. P. T. Ward, C. J. Corrigan, D. J. Cousins, G. Woszczek
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Increased proliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells leading to hyperplasia and increased ASM mass is one of the most characteristic features of airway remodelling in asthma. A bioactive lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been suggested to affect airway remodelling by stimulation of human ASM cell proliferation.To investigate the effect of S1P on signalling and regulation of gene expression in ASM cells from healthy and asthmatic individuals.Airway smooth muscle cells grown from bronchial biopsies of healthy and asthmatic individuals were exposed to S1P. Gene expression was analysed using microarray, real-time PCR and Western blotting. Receptor signalling and function were determined by mRNA knockdown and intracellular calcium mobilization experiments.S1P potently regulated the expression of more than 80 genes in human ASM cells, including several genes known to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and airway remodelling (HBEGF, TGFB3, TXNIP, PLAUR, SERPINE1, RGS4). S1P acting through S1P2 and S1P3 receptors activated intracellular calcium mobilization and extracellular signal-regulated and Rho-associated kinases to regulate gene expression. S1P-induced responses were not inhibited by corticosteroids and did not differ significantly between ASM cells from healthy and asthmatic individuals.S1P induces a steroid-resistant, pro-remodelling pathway in ASM cells. Targeting S1P or its receptors could be a novel treatment strategy for inhibiting airway remodelling in asthma.
Renal Homotransplantation
Authors: Cesar Costa
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Renal homotransplantation has been successful in a patient with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. This patient had normal serum complement levels at the time of operation. Since the serum complement concentration has been shown to parallel the activity of acute glomerulonephritis, normal complement levels would appear to indicate the disease was essentially inactive at the time of surgery. The results in this case support the conclusion that the activity of the preexisting glomerulonephritis plays an important role in the survival and function of the transplanted kidney.
Condoms and HIV Transmission
Authors: Anne M. Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

The spread of the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide depends on the probability of transmission during sexual intercourse between men and women. Globally, the majority of cases of HIV infection are spread heterosexually, and any intervention that reduces the risk of heterosexual transmission must be viewed as potentially life-saving.Despite repeated pronouncements about the benefits of HIV prevention and the promotion of safer sex, there are remarkably few prospective data demonstrating the effectiveness of condoms in reducing the transmission of HIV. The problem with assessing the effectiveness of condoms in studies of prostitutes and homosexual men with . . .
Hyperpyrexia with Antidepressant Drugs
Authors: E. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1965)

disease.Gastrectomized patients seem to be especially prone to develop such a myopathy in view of the high frequency of calcium dis- orders after gastric operations.However, a complete recovery may follow upon treat- ment with vitamin D. The early diagnosis in the cases is therefore of practical importance.-Weare, etc.,
Carcinoma and Metastases to the Bones of the Hand
Authors: G. Lennard Gold
Journal: JAMA (1963)

METASTATIC INVOLVEMENT of the bones of the hand is an infrequent occurrence. Over the past 6 yr in approximately 3,000 patients with various types of malignant disease, only two instances of this type of metastatic involvement have been seen. This geographic location for metastatic disease is usually thought of as an area of late manifestation of widespread skeletal involvement; however, this condition sometimes occurs as an isolated finding and rarely may be the presenting symptom of a visceral carcinoma.1 This report of two patients with metastatic bone lesions of the hand is presented because of the rather unusual locations of the primary tumors, namely the prostate gland and the nasopharyngeal epithelium. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 76-yr-old male was admitted to the hospital on Feb 12, 1959, because of a 3-week history of fainting spells. Four months prior to admission, the patient noted progressive weakness and anorexia associated with
Novel H1N1 Influenza and Respiratory Protection for Health Care Workers
Authors: Kenneth I. Shine, Bonnie Rogers, Lewis R. Goldfrank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Guidelines from the CDC recommend the use of an N95 filtering facepiece respirator. Drs. Kenneth Shine, Bonnie Rogers, and Lewis Goldfrank discuss the efficacy of personal respiratory protection measures, medical masks, and respirators.
Different Mixtures of Sodium Hyaluronate and Their Ability to Create Submucosal Fluid Cushions for Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
Authors: M. Fujishiro, N. Yahagi, K. Kashimura, Y. Mizushima, M. Oka, T. Matsuura, S. Enomoto, N. Kakushima, A. Imagawa, K. Kobayashi, T. Hashimoto, M. Iguchi, Y. Shimizu, M. Ichinose, M. Omata
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Sodium hyaluronate (SH) is a promising submucosal injection solution during endoscopic mucosal resection, but its high cost is an obstacle to more widespread use. The aim of this study was to identify an appropriate low-cost SH solution by varying the molecular weight of SH and mixing various solutions with it.The viscoelasticity of various SH solutions was first measured. The concentrations of two 1 % SH preparations with different molecular weights (800 kDa and 1900 kDa) were adjusted to 0.5 %, 0.25 %, and 0.125 %, using 0.9 %/3.75 % normal saline (NS), 5 %/20 % dextrose water (DW), and a glycerin solution (Glyceol): 10 % glycerin with 0.9 % normal saline plus 5 % fructose. The ability of these SH solutions to create submucosal fluid cushions (SFCs) was then investigated in the stomachs of two live minipigs.The 0.25 % 1900 kDa SH/NS solution and the 0.125 % 1900 kDa SH/20 % DW solution created a similar viscoelasticity to that of the 0.5 % 800 kDa SH/NS solution. The ability of these solutions to create SFCs was also similar. In addition, the 0.125 % 1900 kDa SH/Glyceol solution created similar SFCs, with a synergistic effect of increased viscoelasticity and the hypertonic nature of glycerin.A mixture of higher molecular weight sodium hyaluronate with a sugar solution (particularly 20 % dextrose), with or without glycerin, should be regarded as a cost-effective option for creating SFCs instead of the conventional SH solution made with the same amount of a 1 % 800 kDa SH preparation and normal saline.
Procaine Amide Against Re-Entrant Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: ELSA-GRACE V. GIARDINA, J. THOMAS BIGGER
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Nine patients with coupled ventricular premature depolarizations (VPDs) were treated with intravenous procaine amide to abolish the arrhythmia. The effect of procaine amide on the electrocardiogram was carefully observed. Seven patients were treated with intermittent intravenous therapy-100 mg of procaine amide was injected every five minutes-and two were treated by constant intravenous infusion-200 µg/min/kg body weight; blood for plasma procaine amide concentration was obtained 4.5 to 5 min after each dose. As the cumulative dose of procaine amide increased, plasma drug concentration increased and the frequency of coupled VPDs progressively decreased. Moreover, in every patient an interesting electrocardiographic phenomenon was observed: as plasma drug concentration increased, the coupling interval progressively increased until the arrhythmia was completely abolished. A hypothesis for procaine amide's antiarrhythmic action is offered based on this new observation. This hypothesis suggests that procaine amide prolongs conduction in the depressed portion of a re-entrant pathway such that conduction is further delayed and block finally occurs, thereby terminating the arrhythmia.
The inhibitory effect of interleukin 1? on rat hepatocyte DNA synthesis is mediated by nitric oxide
Authors: Ziqiu Wang, Meifang Wang, Brian I. Carr
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and nitric oxide (NO) have potent growth-regulatory effects on different cell types. We found that epidermal growth factor-induced DNA synthesis in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes was inhibited by NO when it was provided by addition to the cultures of S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), an NO donor, as well as by addition of IL-1beta in a dose-dependent manner. IL-1beta also induced NO production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) gene expression. The inhibition of DNA synthesis by IL-1beta was completely abrogated when NO production was inhibited by N-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMA), a competitive inhibitor of iNOS. IL-1beta-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), which interferes with the interaction of IL-1beta with target cells, also abolished the inhibitory effects of IL-1beta on hepatocyte DNA synthesis as well as IL-1beta-induced iNOS gene expression. We also found that hepatocyte DNA synthesis inhibition by IL-1beta was completely antagonized by providing deoxynucleosides to bypass the block in ribonucleotide reductase, a rate-limiting step in DNA synthesis, thus implicating this enzyme in the mechanism of growth inhibition by IL-1beta. These experiments extended prior observations on the growth-inhibitory actions of IL-1beta on hepatocyte DNA synthesis, involving the IL-1beta receptor, NO production, and ribonucleotide reductase.
Postvalvular Stenosis of the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: C. BASIL WILLIAMS, RAMON L. LANGE, HANS H. HECHT
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Constrictive lesions of the pulmonary artery or its branches occur distal to the pulmonic valve. Four patients whose surgical or cardiac catheterization findings demonstrated such postvalvular stenosis are reported. The significance of such findings is discussed and diagnostic misinterpretations are mentioned.
Histologic and biochemical changes during the evolution of chronic rejection of liver allografts
Authors: Desley A. H. Neil, Stefan G. Hubscher
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Criteria for histologic diagnosis of chronic rejection (CR) are based on changes seen late in the disease process that are likely to be irreversible and unresponsive to treatment. Changes occurring during the evolution of CR are less clearly defined. The serial biopsy specimens, failed allografts, and biochemical profiles of 28 patients who underwent retransplantation for CR were examined with the aim of identifying histologic and biochemical features that were present during the early stages of CR. For each case, a point of acute deterioration in liver function tests (LFTs) was identified ("start time" [ST]) that subsequently progressed to graft failure. Biopsy specimens before, at the time of ("start biopsy" [SB]), and after the ST were assessed histologically, and findings were correlated with the biochemical changes. CR resulted from acute rejection (AR) that did not resolve. Centrilobular necroinflammation (CLNI) associated with an elevated aspartate transaminase (AST) level and portal tract features of AR were present at the start. Portal AR features resolved, CLNI persisted, AST level remained elevated, and bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels progressively increased throughout the evolution of CR. Portal tracts also showed a loss of small arterial and bile duct branches, with arterial loss occurring early and bile duct loss as a later progressive lesion. Foam cell arteriopathy was rarely seen in needle biopsy specimens. In conclusion, findings from this study may help identify patients at risk of progressing to graft loss from CR at a stage when the disease process is potentially reversible and amenable to treatment.
Individual differences in political ideology are effects of adaptive error management
Authors: Michael Bang Petersen, Lene Aarøe
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

We apply error management theory to the analysis of individual differences in the negativity bias and political ideology. Using principles from evolutionary psychology, we propose a coherent theoretical framework for understanding (1) why individuals differ in their political ideology and (2) the conditions under which these individual differences influence and fail to influence the political choices people make.
Immunogenetic Determinants of Familial Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: WILLIAM A. BLATTNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Acute lymphocytic leukemia developed almost simultaneously in two adolescent brothers, and another brother and both parents had rheumatoid arthritis. Laboratory studies uncovered no evidence for an underlying immunodeficiency state in the family. Immunogenetic evaluation showed the leukemic siblings to be HLA- and mixed-leukocyte-culture identical and homozygous for a recessively inherited locus dictating the presence of antigens on the surface of B-cells. This la antigen, as detected by sera from mothers of leukemic children, appeared to be mapped within the major histocompatibility region and may be a human analogue to murine immune-response antigens associated with susceptibility to leukemia.
ARE VULNERABLE PLAQUES WIDELY DISSEMINATED OR FOCAL? A BASELINE 3-VESSEL IVUS ANALYSIS FROM THE PROSPECT TRIAL
Authors: John A. McPherson, Akiko Maehara, Gary S. Mintz, Alexandra J. Lansky, Ecaterina Cristea, Barry Templin, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Zhen Zhang, Bertil Wennerblom, Andres Iniguez, Jean Fajadet, Michael Foster, Bernard de Bruyne, Patrick W. Serruys, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Outcome of occupational asthma after cessation of exposure: a systematic review
Authors: G. Rachiotis, R. Savani, A. Brant, S. J MacNeill, A. Newman Taylor, P. Cullinan
Journal: Thorax (2006)

<b>Background:</b> Patients with occupational asthma, and their medical advisers, need valid information about the prognosis of their disease. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic review of the published literature on the symptomatic and functional outcomes of occupational asthma was carried out after avoidance of exposure to the causative agent. Through a full search of electronic and bibliographic sources, original studies documenting complete recovery from asthma (n = 39,1681 patients) or improvement in non-specific bronchial hyper-responsiveness (NSBHR; n = 28,695 patients) were identified. The median duration of follow-up was 31 (range 6–240) months for studies of symptomatic recovery and 37 (6–240) months for studies of NSBHR. Most studies were of patients recruited from special clinics. <b>Results:</b> Reported rates of symptomatic recovery varied from 0% to 100%, with a pooled estimate of 32% (95% CI 26% to 38%). These rates were lower with increasing age (p = 0.019) and among clinic based populations (p = 0.053). Patients with the shortest durations of exposure (⩽76 months) had the highest rate of recovery (36%; 95% CI 25% to 50%), but the effect was not linear. The pooled prevalence of persistent NSBHR at follow-up was 73% (95% CI 66% to 79%). This figure was higher among patients whose disease was due to high-molecular-weight agents (p = 0.006) and, less clearly, those from clinic-based populations (p = 0.561). In between-study comparisons, no clear patterns of improvement relating to total duration of exposure or follow-up were found. From within-study comparisons there was some evidence that a shorter duration of symptoms was associated with a higher rate of symptomatic recovery. <b>Conclusion:</b> The available data on the prognosis of occupational asthma are insufficiently consistent to allow confident advice to be given to patients with the disease. Clinicians and epidemiologists with an interest in this disease should consider a collaborative and carefully standardised study of the prognosis of occupational asthma.
Modeling the functional heterogeneity of leukemia stem cells: role of STAT5 in leukemia stem cell self-renewal
Authors: Michael Heuser, Laura M. Sly, Bob Argiropoulos, Florian Kuchenbauer, Courteney Lai, Andrew Weng, Malina Leung, Grace Lin, Christy Brookes, Stephen Fung, Peter J. Valk, Ruud Delwel, Bob Löwenberg, Gerald Krystal, R. Keith Humphries
Journal: Blood (2009)
Living With AIDS
Authors: Monnie B. Callan
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>AIDS: A Family Experience,</h3> by Carle Medical Communications, 1 videocassette, rental $75/3 days, $100/5 days, purchase $395, Champaign-Urbana, Ill, Carle Medical Communications (110 W Main St, 61801-2700), 1986. <h3>Psychosocial Interventions in AIDS,</h3> by Carle Medical Communications, 1 videocassette, rental $65/3 days, $100/5 days, purchase $385, Champaign-Urbana, III, Carle Medical Communications, 1987. <h3>The Buffer Zone: The Mental Health Professional in the AIDS Epidemic,</h3> by Carle Medical Communications, 1 videocassette, rental, $65/3 days, $100/5 days, purchase $385, Champaign-Urbana, III, Carle Medical Communications, 1988. Videotape education is a developing and useful field in health care. Carle Medical Communications has created four videos about the psychosocial impact of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), each approximately half an hour in length. One theme of the video<i>Living With AIDS</i>, produced, directed, and edited by Tina DiFeliciantonio (1987), draws us into the experience of handsome Todd Coleman, diagnosed with AIDS at age 21, in San Francisco.
Population-based study of risk of breast cancer in carriers of BRCA2 mutation
Authors: Steinunn Thorlacius, Jeffery P Struewing, Patricia Hartage, Gudridur H Olafsdottir, Helgi Sigvaldason, Laufey Tryggvadottir, Sholom Wacholder, Hrafn Tulinius, Jorunn E Eyfjörd
Journal: The Lancet (1998)
High-Dose Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Karen H. Antman, Daniel F. Heitjan, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal