tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cigarette Smoking and Lung Cancer
Authors: Howard Newcomb Morse
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Preventing and Managing Visual Disability in Primary Care
Authors: Caroline L. Goldzweig, Susannah Rowe, Neil S. Wenger, Catherine H. MacLean, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Clinicians in primary care settings are well positioned to participate in the prevention and management of visual disability. They can have a significant impact on their patients' visual health by screening for vision problems, aggressively controlling known risk factors for visual loss, ensuring adherence to ophthalmologic treatment and continuity of eye care, and by timely referral of specific patient populations to qualified eye care professionals (eg, ophthalmologists and optometrists). Using their knowledge about common ophthalmic medications, clinicians can detect adverse effects of these agents, including exacerbations of heart or lung disease. They can ensure that appropriate patients are screened for common serious eye diseases, such as glaucoma, and that patients with disabilities related to vision problems are assessed for treatable conditions, such as cataracts or refractive error. Finally, clinicians can direct patients with low vision from any cause to resources designed to help enhance patient function and emotional support.
887. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase Interacting Protein 1 Slows down the Apoptosis Process of Retinal Ganglion Cells in a Rat Model
Authors: Ann-Shung Lieu, Yi Wang, Donna Webb, Gerold R. Hankins, Gergory A. Helm, Jin Zhong Li
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Central nervous system (CNS) trauma, stoke, or neuron degeneration diseases can lead to permanent paralysis or other loss of function. However, it is becoming clear that the CNS is not incapable of regeneration. The adult mammalian CNS has a low potential of neuron regeneration because it consists of low levels of growth-promoting matrix molecules and high levels of inhibitory factors. The integrin family of transmembrane receptors may have the ability to active the neuron regeneration. The function of one member of the integrin family, which is G protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting protein 1 (GIT1), has been tested in an eye model of the rat. Briefly, the recombinant GIT1 and eGFP, luciferase, or eGFP adenoviral vectors (ADGIT1, ADLUC, or ADGFP) and DiI solution were injected into the left superior colliculus (SC) separately. The expression of luciferase or eGFP was monitored in rat eyes by using a molecular imaging technique. The right optical nerves were isolated and injured in some rats 3–5 days after virus injection. The retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer and the right optical nerve will be tested at different time points. The luciferase gene expression in RGCs was detected in the eyes of live animals following local luciferin delivery using optical imaging techniques. No GFP expression was detected using fluorescent imaging techniques. The cell types that were expressed the foreign genes were mainly RGCs, which were confirmed by using luciferase immunohistochemistry and fluorescent microscopy. Because more than 95% RGCs will be dead in 2 weeks after rat optical nerve injury and the living RGCs are pre-required for axonal growth, the numbers of living RGCs were counted first. The living RGCs were labeled by DiI and shown in a red color under fluorescent microscopy. The samples of optical nerves have not been tested yet. The average numbers of RGCs in 140000 μm2 on Days 10 and 15 post optical nerve injury were 179.6 ± 4.3 and 23.4 ± 1.7 in ADGIT1 group and 69.4 ± 4.6 and 11.9 ± 0.8 in ADGFP group. The numbers of living RGCs in ADGIT1 group were significantly higher than that in the ADGFP group at both time points (P<0.01). The results indicate that GIT1 has the function to slow down the apoptosis process of the RGCs in rat.
Book Review Pediatric Orthopedics: A guide for the primary care physician (Critical Issues in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.) By Richard J. Mier and Thomas D. Brower, with contributions by Brian T. Carney and David B. Stevens. 327 pp., illustrated. New York, Plenum Medical Book, 1994. $45. 0-306-44796-7
Authors: John Emans
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
The Web, Unplugged
Authors: Richard Peters
Journal: JAMA (1996)

A healthy 25-year-old patient who hikes regularly calls her physician to ask about a new drug recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the prevention of poison ivy rash. The busy physician says he hasn't heard of the drug. Later, a colleague tells the physician that she read about the drug, bentoquatam, while browsing the FDA's World Wide Web site over lunch. This is not the first time the physician's colleague has mentioned gaining some clinical or research insight from the Internet. Sensing that he is missing something that will benefit his practice and professional development, the physician decides the time has come to join in this new world of communication and information.
A Potentially Serious Disadvantage of Multiband Device Over Conventional Ligation Using an Overtube
Authors: C. S. Leung, C. W. Chan, W. H. Chow, K. H. Chan, W. K. Kwan
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

A patient suffering from chronic alcoholic Child B cirrhosis underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy because of anemia by means of a Pentax EG-2730. Esophageal varices with cherry red spots were found. Multiband ligation (Saeed Multi-Band Ligator MBL-6; Wilson-Cook Medical, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA) was carried out. The Opti-Vu barrel with preloaded bands was attached to the tip of the endoscope, with the barrel advanced onto the tip as far as possible. The banding was performed successfully without difficulty. However, the Opti-Vu barrel was then found to be missing from the tip of the endoscope. The endoscope was inserted again, and the barrel was found in the upper end of the esophagus (Figure [1]). The barrel was finally retrieved by means of a foreign-body forceps (Figure [2]). There was no bleeding or trauma related to this detached barrel or its removal and the patient recovered uneventfully. We found later that the model we used (MBL-6) was suitable for an endoscope with an outer diameter of 9.5 - 13 mm. The endoscope we used, however, had an outer diameter of only 9 mm.
ANTIRABIC INOCULATIONS.SENSATIONS EXPERIENCED BY INOCULATED PERSONS. HOW IMMUNITY IS ATTAINED. Read by Title in the Section of Practice of Medicine, Materia Medica and Physiology, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: PAUL GIBIER
Journal: JAMA (1890)

More than ten thousand people have been inoculated during the five years in which the Pasteurian inoculations have been practiced. Among the number were a few doctors; nevertheless, there does not, as far as my knowledge goes, exist any detailed narrative of the phenomena noticed in those who have submitted to the preventive treatment for rabies after having been bitten. I have therefore thought that it would prove interesting for the study of immunity in general, and as a contribution to the history of this system of treatment in particular, to make known some of my observations. Following in the steps of several doctors, either directors or assistants in antirabic institutions, who did so to guard against a possible accidental inoculation during their daily manipulations of virulent matter, I inoculated myself as well as two of my assistants, Messrs. Roger and De Monchy. A young lad attached to
Ig Nobel awards honour salutary effects of cursing, roller coasters, and bat fellatio
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Researchers who investigated the analgesic effects of cursing, the effects of roller coaster rides in people with asthma, and the health benefits that accrued to fruit bats that perform fellatio were among the winners of this year’s Ig Nobel awards, an annual spoof on the Nobel prize awards ( BMJ 2010;341:c5533, doi:10.1136/bmj.c5533). 

The Ig Nobels honour zany but genuine research that “first makes people laugh, then makes them think.” The awards were handed out on 30 September by actual Nobel laureates at Harvard University’s Sanders auditorium. This year’s ceremonial theme was “Bacteria!” and the audience cheered noisily during an opera about the trillions of germs that inhabit our bodies and far outnumber our own cells.

This year’s physics prize was awarded for research on the anti-skid properties of wearing socks over shoes. Lianne Parkin, a public health physician and senior lecturer in epidemiology at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand, was stirred to action when Dunedin’s city council …
Engraftment potential of human fetal hematopoietic cells in NOD/SCID mice is not restricted to mitotically quiescent cells
Authors: Jannine Wilpshaar, Mickie Bhatia, Humphrey H. H. Kanhai, Robert Breese, Doug K. Heilman, Cynthia S. Johnson, J. H. Frederik Falkenburg, Edward F. Srour
Journal: Blood (2002)
Novel recurrent mutations in ethanolamine kinase 1 (ETNK1) gene in systemic mastocytosis with eosinophilia and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: T L Lasho, C M Finke, D Zblewski, M Patnaik, R P Ketterling, D Chen, C A Hanson, A Tefferi, A Pardanani
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Although KITD816V occurs universally in adult systemic mastocytosis (SM), the clinical heterogeneity of SM suggests presence of additional phenotype-patterning mutations. Because up to 25% of SM patients have KITD816V-positive eosinophilia, we undertook whole-exome sequencing in a patient with aggressive SM with eosinophilia to identify novel genetic alterations. We conducted sequencing of purified eosinophils (clone/tumor sample), with T-lymphocytes as the matched control/non-tumor sample. In addition to KITD816V, we identified a somatic missense mutation in ethanolamine kinase 1 (ETNK1N244S) that was not present in 50 healthy controls. Targeted resequencing of 290 patients showed ETNK1 mutations to be distributed as follows: (i) SM (n=82; 6% mutated); (ii) chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML; n=29; 14% mutated); (iii) idiopathic hypereosinophilia (n=137; <1% mutated); (iv) primary myelofibrosis (n=32; 0% mutated); and (v) others (n=10; 0% mutated). Of the 82 SM cases, 25 had significant eosinophilia; of these 20% carried ETNK1 mutations. The ten mutations (N244S=6, N244T=1, N244K=1, G245A=2) targeted two contiguous amino acids in the ETNK1 kinase domain, and are predicted to be functionally disruptive. In summary, we identified novel somatic missense ETNK1 mutations that were most frequent in SM with eosinophilia and CMML; this suggests a potential pathogenetic role for dysregulated cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine pathway metabolites in these diseases.
T_3 Euthyroidism in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: UDAYA M. KABADI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Brief Reports1 March 1978T3 Euthyroidism in Follicular Thyroid CarcinomaUDAYA M. KABADI, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C), JOAN ALBIN, M.D.UDAYA M. KABADI, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this author, JOAN ALBIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-359 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFollicular thyroid carcinoma comprises about 25% of all thyroid cancers, and its malignancy generally exceeds that of papillary carcinoma. It spreads relatively early to distant sites such as bone, lungs, and liver by invasion of blood vessels, and regional lymph nodes are usually involved only late. Production of thyroid hormones is almost exclusively associated with the follicular histologic type. In many reported cases the production of thyroid hormones by metastases has been sufficient to cause hyperthyroidism. One of these cases was that of a patient with "T3 thyrotoxicosis" (1).We describe here a patient having metastatic follicular thyroid carcinoma with...References1. SUNGCAVALIERI LR: T3 thyrotoxicosis due to metastatic thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol 36:215-217, 1973 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. STERLINGBELLABARBANEUMANBRENNER KDEM: Determination of triiodothyronine concentration in human serum. J Clin Invest 48:1150-1158, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RADICHEVICHWERNER IS: Increased serum concentration of triiodothyronine in euthyroid patients with 'hot' thyroid nodules (abstract). Program of the Meeting of the American Thyroid Association, Washington, D.C., 1968, p. 13 Google Scholar4. MACKHARTDRUETBAUER RRDM: An abnormality of thyroid hormone secretion. Am J Med 30:323-326, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. INADAKASAGIKAZAMATAKAYAMATORIZUKAFUKASESOMA MKYHKMT: Estimation of thyroxine and triiodothyronine distribution and of the conversion rate of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in man. J Clin In vest 55:1337-1348, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMetastatic thyroid cancer presenting as thyrotoxicosis: report of three casesThyrotoxicosis Caused by Thyroid CancerThe Thyroid 1 March 1978Volume 88, Issue 3Page: 359-360KeywordsBoneDiagnostic radiologyHyperthyroidismLiverLungsLymph nodesPapillary carcinomaThyroid carcinomaThyroid hormonesTriiodothyronine Issue Published: 1 March 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
High-Sensitivity Troponin T Concentrations in Acute Chest Pain Patients Evaluated With Cardiac Computed Tomography
Authors: James L. Januzzi, Fabian Bamberg, Hang Lee, Quynh A. Truong, John H. Nichols, Mahir Karakas, Asim A. Mohammed, Christopher L. Schlett, John T. Nagurney, Udo Hoffmann, Wolfgang Koenig
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— For evaluation of patients with chest pain and suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), consensus guidelines recommend use of a cardiac troponin cut point that corresponds to the 99th percentile of a healthy population. Most conventional troponin methods lack sufficient precision at this low level. Methods and Results— In a cross-sectional study, 377 patients (mean age 53.7 years, 64.2% male) with chest pain and low to intermediate likelihood for ACS were enrolled in the emergency department. Blood was tested with a precommercial high-sensitivity troponin T assay (hsTnT) and compared with a conventional cardiac troponin T method. Patients underwent a 64-slice coronary computed tomography coronary angiogram at the time of phlebotomy, on average 4 hours from initial presentation. Among patients with acute chest pain, 37 (9.8%) had an ACS. Using the 99th percentile cut point for a healthy population (13 pg/mL), hsTnT had 62% sensitivity, 89% specificity, 38% positive predictive value, and 96% negative predictive value for ACS. Compared with the cardiac troponin T method, hsTnT detected 27% more ACS cases ( P =.001), and an hsTnT above the 99th percentile strongly predicted ACS (odds ratio 9.0, 95% confidence interval 3.9 to 20.9, P &lt;0.001). Independent of ACS diagnosis, computed tomography angiography demonstrated that concentrations of hsTnT were determined by numerous factors, including the presence and severity of coronary artery disease, left ventricular mass, left ventricular ejection fraction, and regional left ventricular dysfunction. Conclusions— Among low- to intermediate-risk patients with chest pain, hsTnT provides good sensitivity and specificity for ACS. Elevation of hsTnT identifies patients with myocardial injury and significant structural heart disease, irrespective of the diagnosis of ACS.
Constitutive Canonical NF-κB Activation Cooperates with Disruption of BLIMP1 in the Pathogenesis of Activated B Cell-like Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Dinis Pedro Calado, Baochun Zhang, Lakshmi Srinivasan, Yoshiteru Sasaki, Jane Seagal, Christine Unitt, Scott Rodig, Jeffery Kutok, Alexander Tarakhovsky, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, Klaus Rajewsky
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Pernicious Anaemia and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: H. A. Ghazi
Journal: BMJ (1972)

In a study of 99 patients with pernicious anaemia the incidence of clinical rheumatoid arthritis was normal but rheumatoid factor was present significantly more often than in controls. This was not related to the presence of circulating antibody to intrinsic factor.Intrinsic factor antibody was not detected in any of 151 latex-fixation-positive rheumatoid sera.
Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in young people in the care system
Authors: J. B McCann, A. James, S. Wilson, G. Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Recently, professional and political concern has grown about the severity and types of problems experienced by young people in the care system, this group being one of the most vulnerable in terms of psychological disturbance. Their risk of psychiatric ill health is higher than that of any other easily identified group in our society,1 and studies have consistently identified a high incidence of behavioural problems.2 No study has systematically examined the psychiatric disorders of adolescents being looked after by local authorities, so we aimed to assess the prevalence and types of psychiatric disorder among adolescents in the care system and compare them with those of a comparison group of adolescents.

All adolescents aged 13 to 17 years looked after by the Oxfordshire local authority—that is, living in residential …
β <sub>1</sub> -Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies Mediate Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Agonistically Inducing Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis
Authors: Daniel Jane-wit, Cengiz Z. Altuntas, Justin M. Johnson, Sandro Yong, Peter J. Wickley, Pamela Clark, Qing Wang, Zoran B. Popović, Marc S. Penn, Derek S. Damron, Dianne M. Perez, Vincent K. Tuohy
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Antibodies to the beta1-adrenergic receptor (beta1AR) are detected in a substantial number of patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The mechanism whereby these autoantibodies exert their pathogenic effect is unknown. Here, we define a causal mechanism whereby beta1AR-specific autoantibodies mediate noninflammatory cardiomyocyte cell death during murine DCM.We used the beta1AR protein as an immunogen in SWXJ mice and generated a polyclonal battery of autoantibodies that showed selective binding to the beta1AR. After transfer into naive male hosts, beta1AR antibodies elicited fulminant DCM at high frequency. DCM was attenuated after immunoadsorption of beta1AR IgG before transfer and by selective pharmacological antagonism of host beta1AR but not beta2AR. We found that beta1AR autoantibodies shifted the beta1AR into the agonist-coupled high-affinity state and activated the canonical cAMP-dependent protein kinase A signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes. These events led to functional alterations in intracellular calcium handling and contractile function. Sustained agonism by beta1AR autoantibodies elicited caspase-3 activation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and DCM in vivo, and these processes were prevented by in vivo treatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK.Our data show how beta1AR-specific autoantibodies elicit DCM by agonistically inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
Select Screening in a Specific High-Risk Population of Patients Suggests a Stage Migration Toward Detection of Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Alexandre R. Zlotta, Thierry Roumeguere, Cynthia Kuk, Sultan Alkhateeb, Sandrine Rorive, Anne Lemy, Theodorus H. van der Kwast, Neil E. Fleshner, Michael A.S. Jewett, Antonio Finelli, Claude Schulman, Yair Lotan, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Joelle Nortier
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Stratification of bone fracture risk in patients with celiac disease
Authors: Marı́a L Moreno, Horacio Vazquez, Roberto Mazure, Edgardo Smecuol, Sonia Niveloni, Silvia Pedreira, Emilia Sugai, Eduardo Mauriño, Juan C Gomez, Julio C Bai
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2004)
Peroral small-intestinal biopsy: experience with the hydraulic multiple biopsy instrument in routine clinical practice.
Authors: B B Scott, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1976)

Experience of the peroral, hydraulic, multiple, small-bowel biopsy instrument is recorded and compared with reported experience of other peroral biopsy instruments. It is concluded that, in routine clinical practice, there is no particular danger associated with this instrument despite warnings to the contrary. Furthermore, biopsies are obtained at least as quickly as with other instruments and with great reliability. Since this instrument also enables multiple, precisely located biopsies to be taken from various levels of the small intestine, it could be considered the instrument of choice for peroral jejunal biopsy.
Magnesium is underused in acute atrial fibrillation
Authors: D. Dietch, A. Wilson, A. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Table 1-Estimated prenatal and postnatal prevalences (per 100 000) of diagnosis of Turner's syndrome karyotype by test method (amniocentesis or chorion villus sampling) and karyotype (45,X and others).Figures in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals Postnatal Prenatal prevalence among Karyotype prevalence untested girls Relative risk Amniocentesis without ultrasonography 45,X 64.6 (42.2 to 94.7) 16.0 (13.1 to 19.3) 4.0 (2.7 to 6.0) Others 84.5 (58.5 to 118.1) 15.6 (12.7 to 18.8) 5.4 (3.9 to 7.7) Total 149.1 (113.8 to 191.6) 31.5 (27.5 to 36.1) 4.7 (3.6 to 6.1) Chorion villus sampling without ultrasonography 45,X 271.2 (165.8 to 418.6) 16.0 (13.1 to 19.3) 17.0 (12.0 to 24.0) Others 40.7 (8.4 to 118.9) 15.6 (12.7 to 18.8) 2.6 (0.9 to 7.9) Total 311.9 (197.8 to 467.7) 31.5 (27.5 to 36.1) 9.9 (7.0 to 14.0)