tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversible Orthostatic Hypotension of Pernicious Anemia
Authors: Gregory E. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

IN 1980, White et al<sup>1</sup>published a case report that suggested that pernicious anemia could induce a reversible state of orthostatic hypotension, in the absence of other neuropathic signs. This index case was embraced as proved, and incorporated into texts and medical references,<sup>2</sup>despite the following limitations: (1) the observation was never confirmed by other observers, (2) the period of follow-up was only two months and did not preclude the possibility of relapse or fluctuation of signs and symptoms, and (3) the case history included findings that some argue reflect the presence, albeit subtle, of concomitant peripheral neuropathy. In the same year a patient was seen in our facility with orthostatic hypertension. The clinical course of this patient confirms the relationship proposed by White et al and strengthens their observation by demonstrating reproducibility of the phenomenon and the subsequent persistence of remission after appropriate therapy for 24 months.
Premature Release of Data from Clinical Trials of Ezetimibe
Authors: Robert M. Califf, Robert A. Harrington, Michael A. Blazing
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The authors describe the unexpected finding of a cancer risk in ongoing clinical trials of the cholesterol-lowering drug ezetimibe. They discuss the implications of these events for how we address new, unanticipated scientific evidence, especially in the area of drug safety.
William Bruce Robertson
Authors: A. Boon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

After two years’ military service in East Africa, William Bruce Robertson (“Bill”) trained in pathology in Carlisle and Newcastle upon Tyne before working as a senior lecturer in the University of the West Indies, Jamaica, from 1956 to 1964. He was a visiting research associate professor in Louisiana State University, New Orleans, from 1961 to 1962. His special interest in disorders of pregnancy developed in …
In vivo quantification of viability: magnetic resonance detects small scar regions in metabolically viable segments
Authors: Juerg Schwitter, Daniel Nanz, Patrick R. Knuesel, Christophe Wyss, Martin Buechi, Philipp A. Kaufmann, Thomas F. Luescher, Gustav K. von Schulthess
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Mesenchymal Stern Cell injection induces cardiac nerve sprouting and tenascin expression in a swine model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Hui-Nam Pak, Mohammed Qayyum, Angela C. Lai, Dave T. Kim, Akira Hamabe, Yasushi Miyauchi, Michael C. Lill, Kaname Takizawa, Michael C. Fishbein, Behrooz G. Sharifi, Peng-Sheng Chen, Raj Makkar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
A theory of visual stability across saccadic eye movements
Authors: Bruce Bridgeman, A. H. C. Van der Heijden, Boris M. Velichkovsky
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1994)

Abstract We identify two aspects of the problem of maintaining perceptual stability despite an observer's eye movements. The first, visual direction constancy, is the (egocentric) stability of apparent positions of objects in the visual world relative to the perceiver. The second, visual position constancy, is the (exocentric) stability of positions of objects relative to each other. We analyze the constancy of visual direction despite saccadic eye movements. Three information sources have been proposed to enable the visual system to achieve stability: the structure of the visual field, proprioceptive inflow, and a copy of neural efference or outflow to the extraocular muscles. None of these sources by itself provides adequate information to achieve visual direction constancy; present evidence indicates that all three are used. Our final question concerns how information processing operations result in a stable world. The three traditionally suggested means have been elimination, translation, or evaluation. All are rejected. From a review of the physiological and psychological evidence we conclude that no subtraction, compensation, or evaluation need take place. The problem for which these solutions were developed turns out to be a false one. We propose a “calibration” solution: correct spatiotopic positions are calculated anew for each fixation. Inflow, outflow, and retinal sources are used in this calculation: saccadic suppression of displacement bridges the errors between these sources and the actual extent of movement.
Spurious fibrinogen levels secondary to pyroglobulinemia in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
Authors: Pablo J. Cagnoni, Renato Lenzi, Nathaniel Wisch, Stephanie Seremetis, Jacob H. Rand
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

We report two cases of pyroglobulinemia detected in the course of routine determination of fibrinogen levels measured by the heat-precipitation method and that led to the diagnosis of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. The incidence of pyroglobulinemia is briefly discussed, and the potential significance of this laboratory artifact is emphasized.
A Double-Blind, Randomized Study on Prevention and Existence of a Rebound Phenomenon of Platelets After Cessation of Clopidogrel Treatment
Authors: Dirk Sibbing, Julia Stegherr, Siegmund Braun, Julinda Mehilli, Stefanie Schulz, Melchior Seyfarth, Adnan Kastrati, Nicolas von Beckerath, Albert Schömig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Diabetes Report Card — Time for a Winning Streak
Authors: Graham T. McMahon, Robert G. Dluhy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Despite a major national effort to build the case for improved quality in diabetes care, the recent report card on our national performance that appears in this issue of the Journal suggests that we have reached a plateau. Ali et al.1 surveyed participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System between 2007 and 2010 and compared the results with those of prior report cards from two other time periods (2003–2006 and 1999–2002). The results document continuous incremental improvements in achieving glycemic and blood-pressure targets, with a more robust change in reaching lipid . . .
RECLINATION OF THE LENSUNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS A JUSTIFIABLE OPERATION.
Authors: F. T. ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

A study of the literature of couching reveals the fact that earlier writers made a sharp distinction between depression of the lens and reclination, in the one the lens being pushed bodily downward while in reclination an attempt is made to turn it on its axis so that ultimately its anterior surface is uppermost. In reality, however, an attempt at one procedure is likely to result in the other, so little is the course of the lens under our control, and no distinction will be made in this paper, although as late as 1836 Argyll Robertson<sup>1</sup>said he had never seen the lens rise after reclination, although he had frequently seen it after depression, and that the former, if properly performed, is rarely productive of much inflammatory action. Depression is the oldest known operative procedure for cataract,<sup>2</sup>and either by the insertion of the
A Randomized Phase II Presurgical Trial of Transdermal 4-Hydroxytamoxifen Gel versus Oral Tamoxifen in Women with Ductal Carcinoma <i>In Situ</i> of the Breast
Authors: Oukseub Lee, Katherine Page, David Ivancic, Irene Helenowski, Vamsi Parini, Megan E. Sullivan, Julie A. Margenthaler, Robert T. Chatterton, Borko Jovanovic, Barbara K. Dunn, Brandy M. Heckman-Stoddard, Kathleen Foster, Miguel Muzzio, Julia Shklovskaya, Silvia Skripkauskas, Piotr Kulesza, David Green, Nora M. Hansen, Kevin P. Bethke, Jacqueline S. Jeruss, Raymond Bergan, Seema A. Khan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Local transdermal therapy to the breast may achieve effective target-organ drug delivery, while diminishing systemic effects. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial comparing transdermal 4-hydroxytamoxifen gel (4-OHT) to oral tamoxifen (oral-T) in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Methods: Twenty-seven pre- and postmenopausal women were randomized to 4-OHT (4 mg/day) or oral-T (20 mg/day) for 6 to 10 weeks before surgery. Plasma, nipple aspirate fluid, and breast adipose tissue concentrations of tamoxifen and its major metabolites were determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The primary endpoint was Ki67 labeling in DCIS lesions, measured by immunohistochemistry. In plasma, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGFI), sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), and coagulation protein concentrations were determined. Results: Posttherapy Ki67 decreased by 3.4% in the 4-OHT and 5.1% in the oral-T group (P ≤ 0.03 in both, between-group P = 0. 99). Mean plasma 4-OHT was 0.2 and 1.1 ng/mL in 4-OHT and oral groups, respectively (P = 0.0003), whereas mean breast adipose tissue concentrations of 4-OHT were 5.8 ng/g in the 4-OHT group and 5.4 ng/g in the oral group (P = 0.88). There were significant increases in plasma SHBG, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor and a significant decrease in plasma IGFI with oral-T, but not with 4-OHT. The incidence of hot flashes was similar in both groups. Conclusions: The antiproliferative effect of 4-OHT gel applied to breast skin was similar to that of oral-T, but effects on endocrine and coagulation parameters were reduced. These findings support the further evaluation of local transdermal therapy for DCIS and breast cancer prevention. Clin Cancer Res; 20(14); 3672–82. ©2014 AACR.
Abstract LB-65: Bevacizumab fate in glioblastoma: Mechanism of internalization by endothelial cells and glioma stem cells
Authors: Gaelle M. Muller-Greven, Cathleen Carlin, Jeremy Rich, Petra Hamerlik, Candece L. Gladson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Antiangiogenic therapy shows great promise for treatment of cancer. Bevacizumab is a humanized mAb that blocks VEGF-A, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. It has received FDA approval for patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM); however, greater than 30% of patients are non-responsive and the underlying mechanism for the lack of response is not known. It has been assumed that Bevacizumab solely targets circulating VEGF-A; however, VEGF-A found in the tumor could also be an important target for Bevacizumab that impacts the response of patients. We hypothesized that Bevacizumab is transcytosed across brain endothelial cells (ECs), gains access to the perivascular niche containing glioma stem cells (GSCs), and that differences in GSC endocytosis of Bevacizumab and either recycling or degradation determine a patients response. We found that Bevacizumab is internalized by normal and tumor-isolated brain ECs in a time-dependent manner that is partially inhibited by amiloride and stimulated by EGF, suggesting Bevacizumab enters the cells by an endocytic pathway such as macropinocytosis. In a standard transcytosis assay, we showed that brain ECs transcytose 62% of Bevacizumab from the upper chamber to the lower chamber over two-hours. We also found that GSCs internalize Bevacizumab in a manner resembling macropinocytosis and that it is partially co-localized with LAMP1, suggesting Bevacizumab is partly targeted for degradation. Furthermore, in an orthotopic xenograft model of GBM administered Bevacizumab, we found that Bevacizumab was localized to the perivascular space, found within perivascular GBM tumor cells, and that a gradient of Bevacizumab was detected with less observed at further distances from vessels. Ongoing experiments will determine the endocytic compartment(s) containing Bevacizumab in GSCs and its trafficking. Understanding the mechanism of internalization and trafficking of Bevacizumab in GBM tumors and in isolated GSCs from different molecular subtypes will likely help us understand who will be responsive to Bevacizumab, and perhaps who will be responsive to therapy with other mAbs. Citation Format: Gaelle M. Muller-Greven, Cathleen Carlin, Jeremy Rich, Petra Hamerlik, Candece L. Gladson. Bevacizumab fate in glioblastoma: Mechanism of internalization by endothelial cells and glioma stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-65. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-65
None so deaf as those that will not hear
Authors: T Beaconsfield
Journal: BMJ (1994)

As part of deaf awareness week at the National Film Theatre, Professor John Schuchman - a lawyer and historian - gave a lecture on deaf people as portrayed in films and television. Schuchman's interest arose from the fact that he is a hearing son of deaf parents. He became a teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, DC, and also served successfully as its dean, vice president, and provost. Gallaudet was established as a school for deaf children by Abraham Lincoln in 1864, and it educates deaf pupils at all levels, from nursery school to university. The teaching philosophy is SIMCOM (simultaneous communication), which comprises learning to speak, lip read, and sign - all at the same time.

Film clips were a potent illustration of his words. Particularly telling were the silent …
Three Decades of Silicosis: Disease Trends at Autopsy in South African Gold Miners
Authors: Gill Nelson, Brendan Girdler-Brown, Ntombizodwa Ndlovu, Jill Murray
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Eliminating silicosis is a priority of the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization. Prevalence is particularly high in developing countries.We describe trends in silicosis among South African gold miners who had had an autopsy between 1975 and 2007 and quantify the contributions of age at autopsy and employment duration to these trends.South African miners and ex-miners are eligible for autopsy examination for occupational lung disease, regardless of the clinical cause of death, and the families of deceased mine workers may receive compensation from the government of South Africa. Miners who died from external causes and who had been employed in the gold mines for > 1 year were stratified by population group because of differences in exposure, patterns of employment, and autopsy referral patterns. We extracted data from PATHAUT (Pathology Automation System) and used Stata 10 to estimate trends in relative proportions of silicosis that were standardized for age and employment duration.The crude proportion of silicosis for white miners was six times that of black miners in 1975. By 2007, it was 1.5 times higher for black miners. The proportion of miners with silicosis increased from 0.03 to 0.32 for black miners and from 0.18 to 0.22 for white miners. The increase can be explained by increasing age and employment duration for white miners. For black miners, it can be only partly explained by these two factors.As miners continue to age and work for longer periods, the burden of silicosis will continue to rise. South Africa is committed to global efforts to eliminate silicosis by 2030. The autopsy database allows for disease surveillance, which is necessary to monitor the success of this initiative.
Effects of growth hormone on serum lipids and lipoproteins: Possible significance of increased peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine
Authors: Troels Wolthers, Lone Lemming, Thorbjørn Grøfte, Niels Møller, Jens Sandahl Christiansen, Ib Christian Klausen, Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen
Journal: Metabolism (1996)
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-like eruption complicating human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: None Barzegar, None Paul, None Saiag, None Cassenot, None Bachelez, None Autran, None Gorochov, None Petit, None Dubertret
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Three human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients presented with disseminated pityriasis versicolor-like skin lesions. Histological examination showed features characteristic of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). Hybridization studies demonstrated the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 5 (HPV5) DNA in two patients and HPV20 in one. A relative increase in CD8 +, CD57 + cells, which are known to inhibit cell-mediated cytolysis, was observed in all patients. HLA-DQB 0301 haplotype, which has been associated with EV, was detected in two patients. The findings suggest that infection with EV-associated HPV types can complicate HIV infection. Both cellular immune defects and a hitherto unknown genetic background might explain the occurrence of EV in HIV-infected patients.
Abstract 2995: Identifying subtypes of colorectal cancer tumors and cell lines with treatment relevance using iterative clustering (iNMF)
Authors: Garry Beran, Andreas Schlicker, Christine M. Chresta, Gael McWalter, Alison Pritchard, Susie Weston, Sarah Runswick, Sara Davenport, Kerry Heathcote, Denis Alferez, George Orphanides, Tim French, Lodewyk FA Wessels
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Genetic and epigenetic features such as KRAS mutation status have been used to define colorectal cancer (CRC) subtypes and to take treatment decisions. In order to develop new targeted drugs, however, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the molecular differences of CRC subtypes. We developed a new unsupervised approach for stratifying tumor samples using genome-wide mRNA expression data. Our method is based on the iterative application of non-negative matrix factorization (iNMF) on randomly selected sets of genes. In a sample set consisting of 63 CRC tumors, we identified two dominant subtypes. These subtypes were highly concordant with the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) gene expression signatures consistent with recent publications. However further stratification of the tumor samples revealed five subtypes. These subtypes exhibit distinct differences, most notably differential activation of specific signaling pathways. Importantly, assessment of this method and derived subtype gene signatures stratified several independent, published datasets, suggesting that the signatures capture disease-relevant intrinsic features of CRC. Furthermore, application of the gene signatures to expression data obtained from three independent colon cell line panels revealed that the tumor subtypes were represented in all these different panels. Additional integration of pharmacological response data allowed us to identify several targeted compounds showing differential response across the subtypes. The CRC stratification obtained with our new method, iNMF, offers valuable insight into the differences between CRC subtypes at a functional level. Most importantly, it captures features of the disease that are highly relevant for the development of new targeted drugs in defined CRC patient sub-populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2995. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2995
ROLE OF ECHO DOPPLER IN DETECTION OF RADIAL ARTERY ANOMALIES PRIOR TO TRANSRADIAL ACCESS FOR INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Anand Gnanaraj, Suma M. Victor, Vijayakumar Subban, Rajendra Deshmukh, Thomas George, Ezhilan Janakiraman, Ulhas Pandurangi, Latchumanadhas kalidoss, Mullasari Ajit sankaradoss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cervical Cancer Prevention
Authors: Paul D. Blumenthal, Lynne Gaffikin
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Proceedings: Kinetics of salicylate metabolism.
Authors: T Gibson, G Zaphiropoulos, J Grove, B Widdop, D Berry
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

Thiopurinol appeared to have no immediate effect on pyrimidine metabolism as judged by levels of orotic acid excretion in man or in the pig.In vitro studies showed that no major metabolites of thiopurinol were found in intact human or pig erythrocytes.Discussion DR. S. KRANE (Boston and Oxford) There is some evi- dence that allopurinol, and undoubtedly thiopurinol, has an action of turning offde novo purine synthesis by binding PRPP.They have now shown that PRPP levels determine the activity of the aggregate of PRPP amino-transferase and that the lowering of PRPP levels by a drug such as allopurinol or thiopurinol would then decrease the activity of the dispersed enzymes.So it is not the nucleotide that regulates the biosynthesis but the level of PRPP, not only acting as substrate, but by determining the total activity of the enzymes.That would make more sense, since in the patient with PRPP deficiency it would also not reduce the level of PRPP at this site of synthesis.DR.SIMMONDS We don't agree because we feel it is the availability of the PRPP in the body that is important.We have found enormous formation of allopurinol which must require a tremendous amount of phosphate of one form or another to form it and we have not been able to measure the PRPP levels as these are too low to detect any difference.In the cases of orotic aciduria where there must also be a tremendous availability of PRPP you do not find gout or overproduction of purine.There are anomalies which I think require investigation before you can stand up and say this is the effect.
470 CHANGES IN INTERFERON-GAMMA INDUCIBLE PROTEIN-10 IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE VERSUS TREATMENT-EXPERIENCED PATIENTS GIVEN AN ALL-ORAL ANTI-HCV REGIMEN
Authors: J.C. Lin, N. Afdhal, E.J. Lawitz, M.S. Paulson, Y. Zhu, G.M. Subrmanian, J.G. McHutchison, M. Sulkowski, D.L. Wyles, R.T. Schooley
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Effects of chronic topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on the skin and internal organs of SENCAR mice.
Authors: A J Klein-Szanto, C J Conti, C M Aldaz, N Clapp, S Nesnow, T J Slaga
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Repetitive topical applications of 2 micrograms 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) twice weekly for 37 to 52 weeks induced a sustained epidermal hyperplasia, hyperplasia of hair follicles, and increased dermal cellularity in SENCAR mice. In addition, after 52 weeks of protracted promoter treatment most animals developed generalized amyloidosis involving liver and spleen, as well as interstitial nephritis. Severe pyelonephritis and papillary necrosis were also frequently seen. Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia was also a frequent finding. Chronic administration of TPA is not an innocuous treatment affecting only the interfollicular epidermis. The general effect of the promoter on the animals was a marked decrease in their longevity, probably through impairment of the immune system.