tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of thrombospondin 1 by retinoic acid is important during differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
Authors: V P Castle, X Ou, S O'Shea, V M Dixit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Neuroblastoma, a malignant neoplasm that arises in the adrenal medulla or sympathetic ganglion, is one of the most common solid tumors of childhood. Reports that neuroblastomas spontaneously mature to form benign ganglioneuromas have prompted investigations into the efficacy of using agents that induce neuronal differentiation in the treatment of this malignancy. Retinoic acid is one agent in particular that has been shown to induce growth inhibition and terminal differentiation of neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro. Using the human neuroblastoma cell line SMH-KCNR, we have investigated the role of the extracellular matrix protein thrombospondin in retinoic acid induced neuroblastoma differentiation. Treatment with retinoic acid results in a rapid induction (within 4 h) of thrombospondin (TSP) message which is independent of intervening protein synthesis and superinducible in the presence of cycloheximide. This suggests that TSP functions as a retinoic acid inducible immediate early response gene. A concomitant increase in both cell associated and soluble forms of TSP protein can be detected within 24 h of retinoic acid treatment. A functional role for TSP in SMH-KCNR differentiation was established in experiments which showed that exposure to anti-TSP monoclonal antibodies delay retinoic acid differentiation for 48 h. At the time the cells overcome the effects of TSP inhibition, laminin production becomes maximal. Treatment of the cells with a combination of anti-TSP and antilaminin antibodies results in complete inhibition of differentiation.
Diagnosis of catheter-related bacteraemia: a prospective comparison of the time to positivity of hub-blood versus peripheral-blood cultures
Authors: François Blot, Gérard Nitenberg, Elisabeth Chachatty, Bruno Raynard, Nathalie Germann, Sami Antoun, Agnés Laplanche, Christian Brun-Buisson, Cyrille Tancrède
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Risk of Arrhythmia and Sudden Death in Patients With Asymptomatic Preexcitation
Authors: Manoj N. Obeyesekere, Peter Leong-Sit, David Massel, Jaimie Manlucu, Simon Modi, Andrew D. Krahn, Allan C. Skanes, Raymond Yee, Lorne J. Gula, George J. Klein
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and the management of this risk in patients with asymptomatic preexcitation remain controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to define the incidence of SCD and supraventricular tachycardia in patients with asymptomatic Wolff-Parkinson-White ECG pattern.We performed a systematic search of prospective, retrospective, randomized, or cohort English-language studies in EMBASE and Medline through February 2011. Studies reporting asymptomatic patients with preexcitation who did not undergo ablation were included. Twenty studies involving 1869 patients met our inclusion criteria. Participants were primarily male with a mean age ranging from 7 to 43 years. Ten SCDs were reported involving 11 722 person-years of follow-up. Seven studies originated from Italy and reported 9 SCDs. The risk of SCD is estimated at 1.25 per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-2.19). A total of 156 supraventricular tachycardias were reported involving 9884 person-years from 18 studies. The risk of supraventricular tachycardia was 16 (95% CI, 10-24) events per 1000 person-years of follow-up. Children had numerically higher SCD (1.93 [95% CI, 0.57-4.1] versus 0.86 [95% CI, 0.28-1.75]; P=0.07) and supraventricular tachycardia (20 [95% CI, 12-31] versus 14 [95% CI, 6-25]; P=0.38) event rates compared with adults.The low incidence of SCD and low risk of supraventricular tachycardia argue against routine invasive management in most asymptomatic patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White ECG pattern.
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS AFTER ABRUPT CESSATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC COMPOUNDS: CLINICAL CONFIRMATION IN CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENICS
Authors: D. M. GALLANT, C. G. EDWARDS, M. P. BISHOP, G. C. GALBRAITH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

Two separate double-blind studies comparing the incidence of withdrawal emesis after the abrupt cessation of medication, one using an inert placebo and the second using phenobarbital as control agents, revealed highly significant differences between the antipsychotic compounds (phenothiazine and butyrophenone derivatives) and the control groups (placebo and phenobarbital). Thorough medical evaluation, including gastric analyses, ruled out gastritis as an etiology of the gastrointestinal withdrawal symptom. It would thus appear that abrupt termination of these antipsychotic medications in chronic schizophrenics does produce gastrointestinal withdrawal symptoms of CNS origin in a significant number of treated subjects.
Treatment of Recurrent Herpes
Authors: T. W. Stewart
Journal: BMJ (1964)

SIR,-After reading recent favourable re- ports concerning buccal oxytocin"3 many obstetricians will have chosen this simpler way of inducing labour.The more conserva- tive among us have awaited news of its dangers.Your leading article (19 September, p. 705) sounded a warning note which might have been louder.The report of a case of ruptured uterus, accompanied by photographs which call to mind the bad old days of intra- muscular Pitocin (oxytocin) (12 September, p. 689) and the further report (3 October, p. 876) of two alarming cases of fierce uterine overactivity are surely good reasons for calling a halt.Pitocin (oxytocin) and its synthetic equiva-
Outlier Status of U.S. Health Care Costs
Authors: Michael J. Keberlein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters15 November 2005Outlier Status of U.S. Health Care CostsMichael J. Keberlein, MDMichael J. Keberlein, MDFrom Flagstaff, AZ 86001.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:When Bodenheimer (1) addressed the perspective that high and rapidly rising health care costs might be attributable to factors external to the health care system, he noted only gross domestic product per capita and demographic trends related to our aging population. No explicit consideration was given to the U.S. legal system, which is unique when compared with the external legal influences that affect the medical care of other nations.Under the “American Rule,” unsuccessful plaintiffs are not obligated by default to cover defense costs. (In Japan, similar legal rules have very different consequences because of cultural attitudes ...References1. Bodenheimer T. High and rising health care costs. Part 1: seeking an explanation. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:847-54. [PMID: 15897535] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Hope P. Reforming the Medical Professional Liability Insurance System: Position Paper. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 2003. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Flagstaff, AZ 86001.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoHigh and Rising Health Care Costs. Part 1: Seeking an Explanation Thomas Bodenheimer Outlier Status of U.S. Health Care Costs Steven D. Hanks Outlier Status of U.S. Health Care Costs Thomas Bodenheimer Metrics 15 November 2005Volume 143, Issue 10Page: 759KeywordsAgingConflicts of interestFallsHealth careMedical servicesMotivationRisk management ePublished: 15 November 2005 Issue Published: 15 November 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Immunotherapeutic vitamin E nanoemulsion synergies the antiproliferative activity of paclitaxel in breast cancer cells via modulating Th1 and Th2 immune response
Authors: Vivek K. Pawar, Samir B. Panchal, Yuvraj Singh, Jaya Gopal Meher, Komal Sharma, Pankaj Singh, Himangshu K. Bora, Akhilesh Singh, Dipak Datta, Manish K. Chourasia
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Bile salt-induced gastric mucosal damage.
Authors: M Guslandi
Journal: Gut (1983)

We report the case of a returning traveller, a woman in her early 20s, who presents with chronic inflammation and infection of her left foot following a stingray strike. Surgery was performed to remove foreign material a remarkable 9 months after the initial injury. The case highlights the importance of the initial assessment and early management of stingray attacks and illustrates the potential need for exploration and debridement of problematic stingray wounds.
Nephrotic Syndrome Cured by Removal of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: E. G. Cantrell
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A total of 600 control subjects were examined for this type of pigmentation.The controls consisted of 300 African women attending the antenatal and postnatal clinics at Baragwanath Hospital, and 300 African nurses at the hospital.The age distribution of the control groups was similar to that of the patients.In no subject was any evidence of this type of pigmentation noted.Thus there seems little doubt that the pig- mentation described is related to folate deficiency.It is not a feature of race or pregnancy in the African, as demonstrated in the control groups.It is not due to anaemia per se, for it was not noted in other forms of anaemia.The pigmentation in these patients with folate deficiency is similar to that described by Baker et al. (1963) in vitamin-B1, deficiency, and cannot therefore be regarded as specific for either vitamin.The cause of this pigmentation is not known.As it occurs in both vitamin-B12 and folate deficiency the abnormality may lie in a pathway common to both vitamins.
Intracoronary Radiotherapy for Restenosis
Authors: Richard Sheppard, Mark J. Eisenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

On November 3, 2000, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for two devices that deliver intracoronary radiotherapy for in-stent restenosis. Given this approval, it is possible that there will be widespread dissemination of this technique before its safety and efficacy have been established. Before interventional cardiologists wholeheartedly embrace this new technology, it should receive a thorough and unbiased assessment by impartial parties.1 More than 500,000 percutaneous coronary revascularization procedures are performed each year in North America.2 Restenosis occurs in 30 to 40 percent of patients within six months after balloon angioplasty and in 20 to 30 percent of . . .
Cysteine Cathepsins Are Central Contributors of Invasion by Cultured Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase-Transformed Rodent Fibroblasts
Authors: Kirsi Ravanko, Kristiina Järvinen, Jari Helin, Nisse Kalkkinen, Erkki Hölttä
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (AdoMetDC), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of polyamines, is often up-regulated in cancers. We have demonstrated previously that overexpression of AdoMetDC alone is sufficient to transform NIH 3T3 cells and induce highly invasive tumors in nude mice. Here, we studied the transformation-specific alterations in gene expression induced by AdoMetDC by using cDNA microarray and two-dimensional electrophoresis technologies. We specifically tried to identify the secreted proteins contributing to the high invasive activity of the AdoMetDC-transformed cells. We found a significant increase in the expression and secretion of procathepsin L, which was cleaved and activated in the presence of glycosaminoglycans (heparin), and a smaller increase in cathepsin B. Inhibition of the cathepsin L and B activity by specific peptide inhibitors abrogated the invasive capacity of the AdoMetDC transformants in Matrigel. The transformed cells also showed a small increase in the activity of gelatin-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator activities, neither of which was sensitive to the inhibitors of cathepsin L and B. Furthermore, the invasive potency of the transformed cells remained unaffected by specific inhibitors of MMPs. The results suggest that cysteine cathepsins are the main proteases contributing to the high invasiveness of the AdoMetDC-transformed cells and that the invasion potential is largely independent of activation of the MMPs.
History of Scleroderma
Authors: GERALD P. RODNAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1978History of SclerodermaGERALD P. RODNAN, M.D., THOMAS G. BENEDEK, M.D.GERALD P. RODNAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, THOMAS G. BENEDEK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-5-725_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Since completing our paper on the early history of progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) (1), we have learned of a case of a patient with "scleroderma" that preceded the report by the Bordeaux physician Élie Gintrac (1791-1877), to whom we had given credit for the origin of this term (2). The article to which we refer was written by Giovambattista Fantonetti (1791-1861), is entitled "Skleroderma Generale," and was published in 1836 inEffemeridi delle Scienze Mediche, a journal he had founded in Milan (3). This work was translated into both French (4) and English (5). (We wish to...References1. RODNAN G and BENEDEK T: An historical account of the study of progressive systemic sclerosis (diffuse scleroderma). Ann Intern Med 57:305-319, 1962 LinkGoogle Scholar2. GINTRAC E: Note sur la sclérodermie. Rev Med Chir (Paris) 2:263-267, 1847 Google Scholar3. FANTONETTI G: Skleroderma generale. Effern Sci Med (Milano) 1:41-45, 1836 Google Scholar4. FERRARIO J: Scléroderme général. Presse Med 1:360, 1837 Google Scholar5. FANTONETTI G: Case of general induration of the skin. Dublin J Med Sci 13:158-159, 1838 Google Scholar6. HORTELOUP P: De la Sclérodermie. Paris, P. Asselin, 1865 Google Scholar7. MARTY J: Contribution à l'Étude de la Sclérodermie. Montpellier, Firmin et Cabirou Frères, 1886 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GERALD P. RODNAN, M.D.; THOMAS G. BENEDEK, M.D.Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA 15261 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHistoria del compromiso cutáneo de la esclerosis sistémicaSystemic diseases and the detection of antinuclear and anticytoplasmic antibodies. An hystorical reviewThe early history and nomenclature of scleroderma and of its differentiation from sclerema neonatorum and scleroedemaBibliography of Secondary Sources on the History of Dermatology.Foreword 1 November 1978Volume 89, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 725-725KeywordsScleroderma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
The 1995 Albert Lasker Medical Research Award. MHC-restricted T-cell recognition. The basis of immune surveillance
Authors: R. M. Zinkernagel
Journal: JAMA (1995)

IN 1973, immunology was preoccupied with graft rejection and immune responses against model antigens. The biological function of transplantation antigens coded by the major histocompatibility gene complex (MHC) was unknown; clearly its function was not to render organ transplantation difficult. This changed when MHC restriction of T-cell recognition was discovered by two young immunologists. The historical background to this effort is discussed in the accompanying article by Peter Doherty.<sup>1</sup>This article describes the experiments that were done at that time, summarizes subsequent advances that led to our current understanding of how T cells work, and discusses some of the consequences for clinical medicine. <h3>EXPERIMENTAL CHANCE AND DISCOVERY</h3> After an internship in Basel and studies in Lausanne with H. Isliber, I obtained a Swiss fellowship to work with R. V. Blanden and Peter Doherty in G. Ada's department in Canberra. Peter Doherty and I joined forces to analyze the nature
Recombinant platelet-derived growth factor B gene expression in porcine arteries induce intimal hyperplasia in vivo.
Authors: E G Nabel, Z Yang, S Liptay, H San, D Gordon, C C Haudenschild, G J Nabel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) B chain induces cell proliferation in vitro and is associated with arterial lesions that cause cardiovascular disease. However, it has been difficult to document the biological response to PDGF B gene expression in arteries in vivo. To determine the biologic effects of this growth factor in vivo, we have introduced an eukaryotic expression vector plasmid encoding recombinant PDGF B by direct gene transfer into porcine iliofemoral arteries using DNA liposome complexes. The presence of PDGF B plasmid DNA and expression of recombinant mRNA were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction analysis, and recombinant PDGF protein was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Intimal thickening was observed in porcine arteries 21 days following transfection with the recombinant PDGF B gene compared with arteries transduced with a control gene, E. coli beta-galactosidase. An eightfold increase in intimal to medial ratio was present in PDGF B gene transfected arteries compared with control transfected arteries (P = 0.001). This study suggests that expression of a recombinant PDGF B gene in vivo can play a role in the induction of intimal hyperplasia, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases.
An inhibitor of the protein kinases TBK1 and IKK-ɛ improves obesity-related metabolic dysfunctions in mice
Authors: Shannon M Reilly, Shian-Huey Chiang, Stuart J Decker, Louise Chang, Maeran Uhm, Martha J Larsen, John R Rubin, Jonathan Mowers, Nicole M White, Irit Hochberg, Michael Downes, Ruth T Yu, Christopher Liddle, Ronald M Evans, Dayoung Oh, Pingping Li, Jerrold M Olefsky, Alan R Saltiel
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Why a pomegranate?
Authors: P. Langley
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Objective</h3> To examine health professionals9 experiences of and attitudes towards the provision of chemotherapy to patients with end stage cancer. <h3>Design</h3> Purposive, qualitative design based on in-depth interviews. <h3>Setting</h3> Oncology departments at university hospitals and general hospitals in the Netherlands. <h3>Participants</h3> 14 physicians and 13 nurses who cared for patients with metastatic cancer. <h3>Results</h3> Physicians and nurses reported trying to inform patients fully about their poor prognosis and treatment options. They would carefully consider the (side) effects of chemotherapy and sometimes doubted whether further treatment would contribute to patients9 quality of life. Both groups considered the patients9 wellbeing to be important, and physicians seemed inclined to try to preserve this by offering further chemotherapy, often followed by the patient. Nurses were more often inclined to express their doubts about further treatment, preferring to allow patients to make the best use of the time that is left. When confronted with a treatment dilemma and a patient9s wish for treatment, physicians preferred to make compromises, such as by “trying out one dose.” Discussing death or dying with patients while at the same time administering chemotherapy was considered contradictory as this could diminish the patients9 hope. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The trend to greater use of chemotherapy at the end of life could be explained by patients9 and physicians9 mutually reinforcing attitudes of “not giving up” and by physicians9 broad interpretation of patients9 quality of life, in which taking away patients9 hope by withholding treatment is considered harmful. To rebalance the ratio of quantity of life to quality of life, input from other health professionals, notably nurses, may be necessary.
Co-delivery of doxorubicin and paclitaxel by PEG-polypeptide nanovehicle for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shixian Lv, Zhaohui Tang, Mingqiang Li, Jian Lin, Wantong Song, Huaiyu Liu, Yubin Huang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xuesi Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Cellular and humoral immune abnormalities in Gulf War veterans.
Authors: Aristo Vojdani, Jack D Thrasher
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

We examined 100 symptomatic Gulf War veterans (patients) and 100 controls for immunologic assays. The veterans and controls were compared for the percentage of T cells (CD3); B cells (CD19); helper:suppressor (CD4:CD8) ratio; natural killer (NK) cell activity; mitogenic response to phytohemagglutin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM); level of immune complexes; myelin basic protein (MBP) and striated and smooth muscle autoantibodies; and antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, human herpes Type 6 (HHV-6), and Varicella zoster virus (VZV). The percentage of T cells in patients versus controls was not significantly different, whereas a significantly higher proportion of patients had elevated T cells compared with controls. The percentage of B cells was significantly elevated in the patients versus the controls. The NK cell (NK) activity was significantly decreased in the patients (24.8 +/- 16.5 lytic units) versus the controls (37.3 +/- 26.4 lytic units). The percentage of patients with lower than normal response to PHA and PWM was significantly different from controls. Immune complexes were significantly increased in the patients (53.1 +/- 18.6, mean +/- SD) versus controls (34.6 +/- 14.3). Autoantibody titers directed against MBP and striated or smooth muscle were significantly greater in patients versus controls. Finally, the patients had significantly greater titers of antibodies to the viruses compared with the controls (p < 0.001). These immune alterations were detected 2-8 years after participation in the Gulf War. The immune alterations are consistent with exposure to different environmental factors. We conclude that Gulf War syndrome is a multifaceted illness with immune function alterations that may be induced by various factors and are probably associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.