tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activity of a Monoclonal Antibody-Saporin-6 Conjugate Against B-Lymphoma Cells
Authors: M. Bregni, D. A. Lappi, S. Siena, A. Formosa, S. Villa, M. Sofia, G. Bonadonna, A. M. Gianni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Activity of a Monoclonal Antibody-Saporin-6 Conjugate Against B-Lymphoma Cells Get access Marco Bregni, Marco Bregni 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Douglas A. Lappi, Douglas A. Lappi 4Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Farmitalia-Carlo ErbaViale Bezzi 24, Milan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Salvatore Siena, Salvatore Siena 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anna Formosa, Anna Formosa 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Silvia Villa, Silvia Villa 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marco Sofia, Marco Sofia 4Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Farmitalia-Carlo ErbaViale Bezzi 24, Milan5Faculty of Pharmacy, University of MilanMilan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gianni Bonadonna, Gianni Bonadonna 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Massimo Gianni A. Massimo Gianni 3C. Gandini Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale TumoriVia Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 7, 1 June 1988, Pages 511–517, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.7.511 Published: 01 June 1988 Article history Received: 23 September 1987 Revision received: 16 February 1988 Accepted: 03 March 1988 Published: 01 June 1988
DETERMINATION OF LUNG VOLUME BY RESPIRATION OF OXYGEN WITHOUT FORCED BREATHING
Authors: Julius Sendroy, Alma Hiller, Donald D. Van Slyke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

A method is described for estimating the volume of air in the lungs by the familiar principle of mixing this air with a measured volume of oxygen, and determining the extent to which the nitrogen of the pulmonary air is diluted. By employing a scrubber to remove carbon dioxide, and by measuring the volume of gas in the extrapulmonary part of the system at the end instead of the beginning of the respiratory period, it is possible to prolong the period to as many minutes as are necessary for complete mixture of the gases, and thereby to carry out the estimation without forced breathing. The determination can be carried out with the Roth-Benedict or Krogh spirometer, or, more economically, with the simple spirometer, shown in Fig. 1, assembled from ordinary laboratory equipment. The method gives the same results as the hydrogen method of Van Slyke and Binger (3), and obviates the use and analysis of hydrogen. The relative advantages of the two methods are discussed above. Dr. Ronald V. Christie has informed us that he has encountered considerable differences in the N2 content of the pulmonary air of different individuals. A gain in accuracy would therefore be made if this value were determined for each subject, and substituted for 79.1 in the calculation formulae.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Dietary Creatine as an Adjunct Therapy to Physical Training in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Sarah J Deacon, Emma E Vincent, Paul L Greenhaff, John Fox, Michael C Steiner, Sally J Singh, Michael D Morgan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Rationale: Skeletal muscle strength and bulk are reduced in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and influence quality of life, survival, and utilization of health care resources. Exercise training during pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can reverse some of these effects. In athletes and healthy elderly individuals, dietary creatine supplementation (CrS) has been shown to augment high-intensity exercise training, thereby increasing muscle mass.Objectives: This article examines the effect of CrS on functional exercise capacity and muscle performance in people with COPD.Methods: One hundred subjects with COPD (mean [SD] age, 68.2 [8.2] yr; FEV1, 44.0 [19.6] %predicted) were randomized to a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial of CrS during 7 weeks of PR encompassing aerobic and resistance exercises. Subjects ingested creatine (22 g/d loading for 5 d; maintenance, 3.76 g/d throughout PR) or placebo. Baseline, postloading, and postrehabilitation measurements included pulmonary function, body composition, peripheral muscle strength, and functional performance (shuttle walking tests). A volunteer subgroup (n = 44) had pre- and postloading quadriceps muscle biopsies.Measurements and Main Results: Eighty subjects completed the trial (38 creatine, 42 placebo). All outcome measures significantly improved after PR. There were no significant differences between groups post-PR (mean [SD] change in incremental shuttle walk distance, 84 [79] m in the creatine group vs. 83.8 [60] m in the placebo group; P = 1.0; knee extensor work, 19.2 [16] Nm [Newton meters] in the creatine group vs. 19.5 [17] Nm in the placebo group; P = 0.9). Muscle biopsies showed evidence of creatine uptake.Conclusions: This adequately powered, randomized, placebo-controlled trial shows that CrS does not augment the substantial training effect of multidisciplinary PR for patients with COPD.Clinical trial registered with https://portal.nihr.ac.uk/Pages/NRRArchiveSearch.aspx (NO123138126).
Age plays role in success of aortal coarctation repair
Authors: Beverly J. Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Surgical repair of coarctation of the aorta, first successfully performed more than 30 years ago, generally has been considered curative. Yet persistent hypertension and unexpected mortality in some patients have raised questions about the long-term success of this operation in adults. A 30-year (1947 to 1976) retrospective study of 114 adults who underwent such operations at three University of Toronto hospitals shows that there is a significantly higher rate of complications and mortality in patients who were older than 25 years at the time of surgery. The average age for surgery in the younger-than25-years group was 19.4 years, and the follow-up period was 10.8 years. In the older-than-25-years group, the average age at surgery was 34.97 years, with follow-up carried out 10.0 years later. Reporting in Miami to the American College of Cardiology, chief investigator John P. Rowen, MD, said that of the "over-25" patients, only 28% were normotensive at
Higher Risk of Lung Cancer in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: DAVID M. SKILLRUD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

To assess the risk of lung cancer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we matched, on the basis of age, sex, occupation, and smoking history, 113 persons ("cases") who had a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 70% or less of predicted normal with 113 control persons who had an FEV1 of 85% or more. All persons were observed from 1973-74 through 1984 for a diagnosis of lung cancer, death from lung cancer, and death from any cause. At entry, subjects had an age range of 45 to 59 years; men numbered 186 and women 40. Histologically proven lung cancer developed in 9 cases and in 2 controls, all men. The rate of development of lung cancer was significantly different in the two groups (p = 0.024): the 10-year cumulative percentage was 8. 8% for cases and 2.0% for controls. Overall 10-year survival was estimated to be 74.0% for cases and 91.1% for controls (p < 0.001).
Gender-specific hypertension and responsiveness to nitric oxide in sGCα1 knockout mice
Authors: Emmanuel S. Buys, Patrick Sips, Pieter Vermeersch, Michael J. Raher, Elke Rogge, Fumito Ichinose, Mieke Dewerchin, Kenneth D. Bloch, Stefan Janssens, Peter Brouckaert
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

The effects of nitric oxide (NO) in the cardiovascular system are attributed in part to cGMP synthesis by the α1β1 isoform of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). Because available sGC inhibitors are neither enzyme- nor isoform-specific, we generated knockout mice for the α1 subunit (sGCα1−/− mice) in order to investigate the function of sGCα1β1 in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function. Blood pressure was evaluated, using both non-invasive and invasive haemodynamic techniques, in intact and gonadectomized male and female sGCα1−/− and wild-type (WT) mice. Cardiac function was assessed with a conductance catheter inserted in the left ventricle of male and female sGCα1−/− and WT mice. Male sGCα1−/− mice developed hypertension (147 ± 2 mmHg), whereas female sGCα1−/− mice did not (115 ± 2 mmHg). Orchidectomy and treatment with an androgen receptor antagonist prevented hypertension, while ovariectomy did not influence the phenotype. Chronic testosterone treatment increased blood pressure in ovariectomized sGCα1−/− mice but not in WT mice. The NO synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride raised blood pressure similarly in male and female WT and sGCα1−/− mice. The ability of NO donor compounds to reduce blood pressure was slightly attenuated in sGCα1−/− male and female mice as compared to WT mice. The direct sGC stimulator BAY 41-2272 reduced blood pressure only in WT mice. Increased cardiac contractility and arterial elastance as well as impaired ventricular relaxation were observed in both male and female sGCα1−/− mice. These findings demonstrate that sGCα1β1-derived cGMP signalling has gender-specific and testosterone-dependent cardiovascular effects and reveal that the effects of NO on systemic blood pressure do not require sGCα1β1.
Abstract 5041: The type III TGF-beta receptor promotes FGF2-mediated neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma.
Authors: Erik H. Knelson, Angela L. Gaviglio, Alok K. Tewari, Michael B. Armstrong, Andrew B. Nixon, Mark D. Starr, Karthikeyan Mythreye, Gerard C. Blobe
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Growth factors and their receptors coordinate neuronal differentiation during development, yet their roles in the pediatric tumor neuroblastoma remain unclear. Here we report that expression of type III TGF-beta receptor (TβRIII) mRNA and protein decreases with advancing stage of neuroblastoma and positively correlates with prognosis. TβRIII expression is epigenetically suppressed by MYCN oncogene amplification and TβRIII expression can be used as a prognostic marker in neuroblastoma patients with MYCN amplification. TβRIII expression in neuroblastoma cells promotes neuronal differentiation and enhances the differentiating effects of FGF2 treatment. Mechanistically, glycosaminoglycan modifications on TβRIII bind FGF2 and FGFR1 to promote neuronal differentiation via Erk MAPK and the transcription factor ID1. TβRIII-mediated differentiation suppresses tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. These studies characterize a novel co-receptor function for TβRIII in FGF2-mediated neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, while identifying potential therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers for advanced-stage disease. More generally, our results suggest that the targeting of growth factor receptors and downstream signaling pathways may prove useful in promoting neuronal differentiation to suppress neuroblastoma tumor growth. Citation Format: Erik H. Knelson, Angela L. Gaviglio, Alok K. Tewari, Michael B. Armstrong, Andrew B. Nixon, Mark D. Starr, Karthikeyan Mythreye, Gerard C. Blobe. The type III TGF-beta receptor promotes FGF2-mediated neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5041. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5041
Malaria in Birmingham 1968-73
Authors: V. E. Ansdell, C. M. Boosey, A. M. Geddes, H. V. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1974)

During the years 1968 to 1973 70 patients suffering from malaria were admitted to one hospital in England. Twenty had malignant tertian malaria while the remainder had infections caused by <i>Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae</i>. Malaria should be suspected in every febrile patient who has visited a tropical country, and the diagnosis can be confirmed only by examining blood films. Disseminated intravascular coagulation may complicate the disease, and should be considered in every case. British workers spending short periods in malarious areas and Asian immigrants returning home for a holiday are often inadequately instructed about malarial prophylaxis, particularly the need to continue this for at least a month after they return home. Companies and travel agencies should be obliged to provide such instructions.
Skrabanek dedicated his life to generating scepticism
Authors: S. Mills
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—In their book Follies and Fallacies in Medicine Skrabanek and McCormick cited Mencken: “for every complex problem there is a solution that is simple, direct and wrong.”1 One of the authors, Petr Skrabanek, has been accused of being a consultant to the tobacco industry.2 These accusations have been dismissed as libel by those who worked with him, but as Skrabanek is dead he lacks any legal recourse.

Skrabanek and McCormick's book does not mention cigarettes. With refreshing heterodoxy it castsa critical …
lodine-131 Metaiodobenzylguanidine Uptake in Infantile Myofibromatosis
Authors: RICHARD E. STEWART, DAVID M. GROSSMAN, BARRY L. SHULKIN, BRAHM SHAPIRO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

I-131 MIBG scintigraphy was performed on a neonate who presented with a left neck mass and brachial palsy. Increased uptake of the tracer was apparent in the mass, initially suspected as being a neuroblastoma, but later diagnosed as infantile myofibromatosis. Since MIBG is principally taken up by neuroendocrine tumors, this finding suggests caution be used when interpreting studies in this age group.
Mr Milburn's good hospital guide
Authors: R. Klein
Journal: BMJ (2002)

News (p 236) 

The self proclaimed aim of Health Secretary Alan Milburn's star awarding exercise, rating the performance of trusts, is simple. It is “to provide patients and the general public with comprehensive, easily understandable information on the performance of their local health services.”1 No one could argue with that. But execution is another matter. Two dilemmas arise when constructing a summary measure of performance in an organisation as complex and heterogeneous as the NHS. On the one hand, how “comprehensive” can it be while remaining “easily understandable?” Sophistication can all too easily turn into mystification. On the other hand, can the same sort of exercise meet the requirements of the multiple audiences involved? The general public apart, these include ministers and their officials, the boards of trusts as well as the doctors, nurses, and others working in them, and the commissioners of services. Attempting to meet everybody's expectations may mean frustration all round.

The Department of Health's performance …
Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography for Advanced Retinoblastoma
Authors: Marcus C. de Jong, Pim de Graaf, Daniel P. Noij, Sophia Göricke, Philippe Maeder, Paolo Galluzzi, Hervé J. Brisse, Annette C. Moll, Jonas A. Castelijns
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Need for supervision in the elderly receiving long-term prescribed medication.
Authors: S M Shaw, L J Opit
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Medication for 127 randomly selected patients aged over 70 in a large group practice was examined in relation to the available supervision for this treatment. About half the patients were on long-term treatment, mainly drugs associated with heart disease, depression, or anxiety. Nineteen had had no recorded contact with the family doctor for six months or longer, and examination by nurse surveillance suggested that three might be suffering from drug toxicity. It was concluded that reliance on self-referral by elderly patients was unsafe.
Increased circulating endothelial cells in sickle cell crisis
Authors: Samuel O. Sowemimo‐Coker, Herbert J. Meiselman, Robert B. Francis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract To determine whether increased numbers of circulating endothelial cells, a possible indicator of endothelial injury, are present in subjects with sickle cell disease, we measured circulating endothelial cells in 30 normal subjects and in 23 subjects with sickle cell anemia. Mean circulating endothelial cells were significantly higher ( P &lt; 0.025) in the sickle cell subjects than in the normal subjects. Circulating endothelial cells were significantly higher than normal in 10 sickle cell subjects studied during painful crisis ( P &lt; 0.01) but not in 13 sickle cell subjects studied while in the steady state. To control for the known stimulatory effect of cigarette smoking on circulating endothelial cells, we analyzed the results for smokers and nonsmokers separately. Mean circulating endothelial cells were not significantly higher in sickle cell subjects who smoked (n = 10) than in normal subjects who smoked (n = 8), but were significantly higher ( P &lt; 0.05) in sickle cell nonsmokers (n = 13) than in normal nonsmokers (n = 22). Among nonsmoking sickle cell subjects, mean circulating endothelial cells were significantly higher than normal ( P &lt; 0.01) during painful crisis (n = 7), but not in the steady state (n = 6). We conclude that circulating endothelial cells are significantly increased in sickle cell crisis, and may indicate the occurrence of acute endothelial injury during episodes of microvascular occlusion.
Salt, sodium channels, and SGK1
Authors: David Pearce, Thomas R. Kleyman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

The hormone aldosterone increases extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure by activating epithelial Na+ channels (ENaCs). Serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) is an aldosterone-stimulated signaling molecule that enhances distal nephron Na+ transport, in part by preventing the internalization of ENaCs from the plasma membrane. In this issue of the JCI, Zhang et al. demonstrate that SGK1 enhances transcription of the α subunit of ENaC by preventing histone methylation, providing an additional mechanism by which SGK1 increases ENaC-mediated Na+ transport in the distal nephron (see the related article beginning on page 773).
What Future for Primary Care Private Practice?
Authors: Roberta Berrien
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Ten years ago I was a third-year resident in internal medicine trying to decide how best to put my education to use. By then I was married and had two children, and the pull of country life seemed great. I had also participated in a residency program in a community hospital, where I was exposed to the relationship between the physician and the patient in a private practice setting. I believed that only in my own office would I be able to structure the type of practice I wanted. Only in my own office could I choose how much time . . .
Response to Comment on: Pan et al. Bidirectional Association Between Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Epidemiological Studies. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1171–1180
Authors: An Pan, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

We thank Dr. Kawada (1) for his interest in our article (2) and welcome the opportunity to respond. Dr. Kawada raised the issues that different definitions of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and depression have been used in different studies and that the participants’ characteristics varied across studies. We acknowledge that those factors could contribute to the heterogeneity of the pooled estimates. Thus, we carefully assessed the heterogeneity using the I 2 statistics, and to be more conservative, we pooled the odds ratios using the random-effects models that allowed …
Great minds don't always think alike
Authors: S. A Sternberg
Journal: BMJ (2009)

One of the well worn mnemonics used in assessing Alzheimer’s disease focuses on the four A’s—aphasia, amnesia, agnosia, and apraxia. I have always relied on this tool as a useful diagnostic guide. The dictionary definition of the fourth A, apraxia, is “inaction” from the Greek praktos (to do, to practice). This inaction is due to the loss of ability to recognise objects or their uses. “My mother can’t …
SOCS2 is dispensable for BCR/ABL1-induced chronic myeloid leukemia-like disease and for normal hematopoietic stem cell function
Authors: N Hansen, H Ågerstam, M Wahlestedt, N Landberg, M Askmyr, M Ehinger, M Rissler, H Lilljebjörn, P Johnels, J Ishiko, J V Melo, W S Alexander, D Bryder, M Järås, T Fioretos
Journal: Leukemia (2012)

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) is known as a feedback inhibitor of cytokine signaling and is highly expressed in primary bone marrow (BM) cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, it has not been established whether SOCS2 is involved in CML, caused by the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene, or important for normal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. In this study, we demonstrate that although Socs2 was found to be preferentially expressed in long-term HSCs, Socs2-deficient HSCs were indistinguishable from wild-type HSCs when challenged in competitive BM transplantation experiments. Furthermore, by using a retroviral BCR/ABL1-induced mouse model of CML, we demonstrate that SOCS2 is dispensable for the induction and propagation of the disease, suggesting that the SOCS2-mediated feedback regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is deficient in BCR/ABL1-induced CML.
THE MANAGEMENT OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER
Authors: J. MARION READ
Journal: JAMA (1924)

There are two matters of chief concern to every patient who seeks medical attention. First, he desires relief of distressing symptoms and, second, an ultimate cure, if such can be obtained. Any temporary or permanent disability must necessarily be reduced to a minimum. In our endeavor to meet these just and natural demands of the patient who comes to us with exophthalmic goiter, there are certain primary considerations which must guide us in his treatment. First and chief among these is that it must be recognized that so-called exophthalmic goiter is a disease whose etiology is as yet unknown. This fact renders impossible the prosecution of rational therapy and forces us to the employment of empiric methods. Rationality, however, should guide us to the extent which our knowledge of the pathologic physiology of this disease will permit. It is necessary to distinguish clearly between truly rational measures and those based
EVEN STANDARD DOSE OF FUROSEMIDE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF CARDIORENAL SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE VIA CARDIAC SYMPATHETIC NERVE ACTIVATION
Authors: Takumi Kondo, Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Kaoruko Sengoku, Kentaro Ozu, Hironori Yamamoto, Tsutomu Kawai, Satoshi Takahashi, Masashi Ishimi, Hideyuki Hakui, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)