tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk Factor Combinations for Estimating the Probability of Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema.
Authors: A. Dirican, W. Wu, R. Johnson, J. Wilson, A. Soran
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: LE is a common complication from BC surgery, leading to a decreased quality of life. In our previous study; both the risk and severity of LE were associated with 1) infection of the arm and breast, 2) body mass index (BMI), and 3) the level of hand use (p&amp;lt;0.05 for all associations). The aim of this study was to estimate the probability of LE following BC surgery by using previously published incidence rates and the risk factors of BMI, infection, and level of hand use.Method: A retrospective review was undertaken of the 2983 women treated surgically for breast cancer at MWH of the UPMC from 1990-2000. Fifty-two women were identified for whom the diagnosis of LE was established and data existed on the study variables. The design was a n:m matched case control study; data were analyzed on 52 patients with LE and 126 available controls matched on age, radiation therapy, and type of operation. In conjunction with conditional logistic regression and published estimates of LE incidence rates, Bayes' Theorem was used to estimate the probability of developing LE. This probability was estimated for 8 combinations of BMI, infection, and level of hand use.Results: LE probabilities of 8 combinations for 6 different incidence rates of LE are shown in Table 1. For example, assuming a 16% incidence rate of LE a BMI&amp;lt;25, no infection, and a low level of hand use; the estimated probability of LE was 6.8%. At the other extreme, assuming a LE incidence rate of 46.3%, a BMI ≥ 25, infection, and a high level of hand use led to an estimated LE probability of 93.7%. As shown in Table 1, other assumed incidence rates and risk factor combinations led to intermediate LE probabilities.Table 1 - Estimated LE probabilities for risk factor combinations according to LE incidences. AssumedLEIncidenceRate Risk Factor Combinations16%17%19.5%20.7%25.5%46.3%BMI&amp;lt;25, No infection, Low level of hand use0.070.070.080.090.110.24BMI≥25, Infection, Medium/high level of hand use0.760.770.800.880.850.94 Conclusion: This study demonstrates that in both high and low risk situations for the development of LE that control of predisposing factors can have a marked effect on the probability of LE formation. Low risk patients with poor control of predisposing factors have a higher probability of developing LE than high risk patients in whom known predisposing factors are avoided. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5115.
Histologic Evidence of Cytomegalovirus in the Duodenal and Gastric Mucosa of Patients with Renal Allograft
Authors: G. Franzin, P. Novelli, A. Fratton
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

Endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract was performed in 12 patients after renal transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy. Histological examination of the specimens obtained from the duodenal bulb revealed the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-type cells in four cases. In one of these patients several CMV-type cells were scattered in the duodenal mucosa and also affected the antral mucosa.
FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AND RE-INTRODUCTION TO SPORT, AFTER REPAIR OF DISTAL BICEPS TEAR BY TWO-INCISION TECHNIQUE MAYO
Authors: R A F León, E I Ibañez, R N Mont, T F Jaen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Introduction Three percent of all biceps tendon ruptures occur at the distal aspect, the rupture typically occuring in middle aged males after an eccentric extension load is applied to the elbow. Rupture of distal biceps tendon was once thought to be an uncommon injury, but an increase in athletic activities in middle age may account for its increase in incidence. There is an increased frequency of tendon rupture associated with use of statins and smoke. Patients usually complain of a sudden and painful tearing sensation in the anterocubital region, with a palpable defect. Biceps squeeze test, hook test and Popeye sign are useful to the diagnosis. Testing images from MRI and ultrasound may be helpful to diagnose. Early anatomic re-attachment is the goal, no operative treatment typically results in loss of flexion and supination strength and endurance. The objective of this study is the evaluation of the functional outcome and sport re-introduction in patients operated on for rupture of distal biceps tendon after rehabilitation. Methods A retrospective study was done with 12 patients with a mean age of 46.41 years, who suffered biceps distal tendon tear treated by early surgery with the two incision of Mayo technique. Rehabilitation treatment was performed and functional outcomes were assessed from the sixth month of the intervention, using the Mayo Elbow Score (MES). The range of movement was measured by manual goniometer, and the force with medical research council scale. Results Two of our 12 patients were taking statin, and three of them were smokers. The time from the break until surgery was 9.5 days on average, arrested by maintaining a splint for 5 weeks. Patients needed an average of 6 weeks of rehabilitation. Functional outcome showed a mean 95.11/100 with MES, at 6 months after surgery, which was considered excellent, with a range of motion that averaged 140°±15° and a muscular balance average of 4+/5, compared with the healthy arm. The reintroduction to usual sport was 88.9% at 10 month after surgery. Discussion Early repair of distal biceps tear followed by a rehabilitation treatment allows a good functional recovery and reintroduction to the sport.
Multidrug-Resistant<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Serotype Typhimurium Associated with Pet Rodents
Authors: Stephen J. Swanson, Cynthia Snider, Christopher R. Braden, David Boxrud, Arno Wünschmann, Jo Ann Rudroff, Jana Lockett, Kirk E. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

An estimated 1.4 million salmonella infections occur annually in the United States. The majority of these infections are foodborne, but many are acquired by contact with animals. In August 2004, isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium, which were indistinguishable from one another by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were obtained from eight hamsters from a Minnesota pet distributor. We conducted an investigation to determine whether human cases of salmonella could be linked to this rodent-borne strain.To identify cases of human infection with S. enterica serotype Typhimurium potentially related to pet rodents, we reviewed salmonella PFGE patterns submitted to the National Molecular Subtyping Network for Foodborne Disease Surveillance. Patients with isolates matching the hamster strain were interviewed about exposure to pet rodents. Implicated rodents were traced to pet stores, distributors, and breeders.We identified matching S. enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates from 28 patients in whom the onset of illness occurred between December 2003 and September 2004. Of 22 patients (or in the case of children, their parents) interviewed, 13 patients (59%) in 10 states reported exposure to pet hamsters, mice, or rats, and 2 (9%) had secondary infections. The median age of the 15 patients with primary or secondary rodent exposure was 16 years, and 6 patients (40%) were hospitalized. Thirteen associated pet stores supplied by seven distributors were identified in 10 states. No single source of the rodents was identified. The outbreak strain of S. enterica serotype Typhimurium was cultured from a patient's pet mouse and from seven hamsters from pet stores. Closely related S. enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates were cultured from rodent cages and reusable transport containers at a pet distributor. Human, rodent, and environmental isolates were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline.Pet rodents probably are an underrecognized source of human salmonella infection.
The Enteropathogenic E. coli Effector EspB Facilitates Microvillus Effacing and Antiphagocytosis by Inhibiting Myosin Function
Authors: Yosuke Iizumi, Hiroshi Sagara, Yasuaki Kabe, Motoki Azuma, Kanako Kume, Michinaga Ogawa, Takeshi Nagai, Peter G. Gillespie, Chihiro Sasakawa, Hiroshi Handa
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2007)
Price of Technology
Authors: John W. Melski
Journal: JAMA (1992)

WE ARE responsible for knowing the risks and benefits of the care we recommend. But we often do not know the price, especially for new technology. Researchers usually report new technology in our journals without mention of the expected charges. Patients are seldom concerned with the price of technology when the charges are covered by third-party payers.  There are problems with price. It varies with marketplace, regulations, and negotiations. It may not reflect the true value of a service. It does not reflect the nonmedical expenses of seeking care, indirect costs of morbidity, or the intangible costs of suffering. 1 Despite these problems, we need to consider the charges that are used to measure health care expenses and transfers of wealth in our society. Others certainly do it for us. 2 Debate over payment for health services begins when we know the charges.  The Case of Photopheresis for Systemic Sclerosis
Symptom Experiences: Perceptual Accuracy Between Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients and Family Caregivers in the Home Care Setting
Authors: Michelle M. Lobchuk, Lesley F. Degner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: This study used a comparative descriptive design to compare family caregivers’ and advanced-stage cancer patients’ perceptions of patients’ multidimensional symptom experiences on presence, frequency, severity, and distress. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A convenience sample of 98 dyads, composed of advanced-stage heterogeneous cancer patients and their caregivers, completed the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale in the home care setting on a one-time basis. This scale is a 32-item Likert-type scale for assessing the presence, frequency, severity, and distress arising from symptoms in cancer patients. RESULTS: There was confirmation of trends previously described in related studies where, for example, caregivers tend to overreport on symptom experiences. However, the degree of absolute difference between patient and caregiver responses was normally around 1 unit (on a theoretical range of 0 to 4 units). Levels of patient-caregiver agreement were better on more concrete questions related to symptom frequency, severity, and distress than on broad questions related to the presence of a symptom. Patients and caregivers achieved better levels of agreement on physical versus psychological symptoms. CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that family caregivers can provide reasonable proxy or complementary reports on patient symptom experiences of frequency, severity, and distress. However, family caregivers have greater difficulty in achieving high levels of accuracy on psychological versus physical symptoms.
H7N9 avian flu infects humans for the first time
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The H7N9 avian influenza virus has infected humans for the first time, killing three people in China—two in Shanghai in March, and one in Hangzhou whose death was reported on 3 April. It is known to have infected a further six people in different locations across the Yangtze delta region of eastern China, all of whom are in a critical condition in hospital.

Fadela Chaib, spokesperson for the World Health Organization, said at a press conference in Geneva, “It’s the first time that H7N9 has been found in humans, so it’s of concern to WHO,” adding that, although it would be asking the health authorities in China for an update, for the time being the virus has not shown any human to human transmission.

The two deaths in Shanghai …
Ciprofloxacin-induced acute interstitial pneumonitis
Authors: D. Steiger, L. Bubendorf, M. Oberholzer, M. Tamm, J.D. Leuppi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

The current authors present the case of a 68‐yr-old female patient who developed severe respiratory failure after medication with ciprofloxacin for acute urinary tract infection. A chronic subdural haematoma was surgical evacuated. Postoperatively, an acute urinary tract infection was treated with ciprofloxacin. Six days later, C‐reactive protein was rising and the patient was suffering from intermittent high fever, dyspnoea and severe hypoxaemia. The high-resolution-computed tomography (HRCT) showed an interstitial lung disease in the anterior upper lobe on the left side as well as in the lingula. Assuming a bacterial infection amoxyl/clavulanic acid was started which did not improve the clinical symptoms. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed a marked lymphocytosis (87%). Analysis for typical bacterial infections, <i>Tuberculosis</i>, <i>Mycoplasma</i>, <i>Chlamydia</i> and <i>Legionella</i> spp. were all negative. Another HRCT scan was made because of worsening of symptoms and this showed rapidly progressive infiltrates in most lobes. An open lingular biopsy showed an interstitial lymphoplasmocytotic infiltrate with some eosinophilic granulocytes and a few scattered giant cell granulomas, consistent with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The patient9s symptoms rapidly improved with systemic corticosteroid therapy and another HRCT scan revealed complete remission of pulmonary infiltrates. Ciprofloxacin can induce interstitial pneumonitis with acute respiratory failure. This is an important fact considering that ciprofloxacin is a widely used antibiotic agent in treatment of urinary tract infection.
Secretion-recapture process of apolipoprotein E in hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants in transgenic mice.
Authors: H Shimano, Y Namba, J Ohsuga, M Kawamura, K Yamamoto, M Shimada, T Gotoda, K Harada, Y Yazaki, N Yamada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

To investigate the role of apoE in hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants, we studied chylomicron metabolism in transgenic mice overexpressing apoE in the liver. Plasma clearance of injected 125I-labeled human chylomicrons was fivefold faster in transgenic mice than in controls. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that apoE was specifically localized at the basolateral surface of hepatocytes from fasted transgenic mice. After injection of a large amount of chylomicrons, the density of the cell surface apoE was markedly reduced and vesicular staining was observed in the cytoplasm, suggesting that the cell surface apoE was used for hepatic endocytosis of chylomicrons and remnants. Polyacrylamide gel analysis of chylomicrons and remnants that had been reisolated from plasma and from liver membrane after the injection of chylomicrons showed the particles to be enriched with apoE mainly after their influx into the liver rather than during their residence in plasma. These results provide strong evidence for the secretion-recapture process of apoE, whereby chylomicron remnants enter the sinusoidal space, acquire apoE molecules, and subsequently are endocytosed. Data from experiments with very low density lipoprotein and LDL showed that this system is specific for chylomicron remnants.
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus and autoimmunity—a study of 350 women
Authors: R.H.MEYRICK THOMAS, C.M. RIDLEY, D.H. MCGIBBON, M.M. BLACK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

A study of autoimmune related phenomena in 350 women with histologically confirmed lichen sclerosus et atrophicus revealed that 21.5% had one or more autoimmune related diseases, 21% had one or more first degree relatives with an autoimmune-related disease, 42% had an autoantibody at a titre greater than 1:20, and 59.5% had one or more of these autoimmune-related phenomena. No statistically significant differences in the natural history of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus were demonstrated between those patients with autoimmune-related phenomena and those without.
Assessing Productivity Impairment in Patients with Severe or Difficult-to-Treat Asthma: Validation of the Work Productivity Activity Impairment - Asthma Questionnaire
Authors: H. Chen, P.D. Blanc, A. Chawla, M. Hayden, E.R. Bleecker, J.H. Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
P1-193: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibition with gefitinib is synergistic with prostacyclin synthase overexpression in chemopreventing murine lung cancer
Authors: Anthony B. Mozer, Tyler M. Hudish, Mysan Le, Vijaya Karoor, York E. Miller, Robert L. Keith
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Language in Medical Documentation
Authors: W. James Dittmar, Alex Weller
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abnormalities of the Mitral Valve in Endocardial Cushion Defects
Authors: MURRAY G. BARON
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Absence of the atrioventricular septum and a cleft in the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is characteristic of almost all anomalies resulting from maldevelopment of the endocardial cushions. These changes produce a specific angiocardiographic picture, characterized in systole by a scalloped right border of the left ventricular outflow tract, with a small lucent notch within it, and in diastole by a gooseneck appearance of the subaortic portion of the ventricle. This appearance is independent of the associated hemodynamic changes or the presence of other lesions. Because the angiocardiogram provides a direct demonstration of the underlying anatomic abnormalities, it is the most sensitive diagnostic method for the recognition of an endocardial cushion defect.
Survival with AGS-003, an autologous dendritic cell–based immunotherapy, in combination with sunitinib in unfavorable risk patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): Phase 2 study results
Authors: Asim Amin, Arkadiusz Z Dudek, Theodore F Logan, Raymond S Lance, Jeffrey M Holzbeierlein, Jennifer J Knox, Viraj A Master, Sumanta K Pal, Wilson H Miller, Lawrence I Karsh, Irina Y Tcherepanova, Mark A DeBenedette, W Lee Williams, Douglas C Plessinger, Charles A Nicolette, Robert A Figlin
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

AGS-003 is an autologous immunotherapy prepared from fully matured and optimized monocyte-derived dendritic cells, which are co-electroporated with amplified tumor RNA plus synthetic CD40L RNA. AGS-003 was evaluated in combination with sunitinib in an open label phase 2 study in intermediate and poor risk, treatment naïve patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).Twenty-one intermediate and poor risk patients were treated continuously with sunitinib (4 weeks on, 2 weeks off per 6 week cycle). After completion of the first cycle of sunitinib, patients were treated with AGS-003 every 3 weeks for 5 doses, then every 12 weeks until progression or end of study. The primary endpoint was to determine the complete response rate. Secondary endpoints included clinical benefit, safety, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Immunologic response was also monitored.Thirteen patients (62%) experienced clinical benefit (9 partial responses, 4 with stable disease); however there were no complete responses in this group of intermediate and poor risk mRCC patients and enrollment was terminated early. Median PFS from registration was 11.2 months (95% CI 6.0, 19.4) and the median OS from registration was 30.2 months (95% CI 9.4, 57.1) for all patients. Seven (33%) patients survived for at least 4.5 years, while five (24%) survived for more than 5 years, including 2 patients who remain progression-free with durable responses for more than 5 years at the time of this report. AGS-003 was well tolerated with only mild injection-site reactions. The most common adverse events were related to expected toxicity from sunitinib therapy. In patients who had sequential samples available for immune monitoring, the magnitude of the increase in the absolute number of CD8(+) CD28(+) CD45RA(-) effector/memory T cells (CTLs) after 5 doses of AGS-003 relative to baseline, correlated with overall survival.AGS-003 in combination with sunitinib was well tolerated and yielded supportive immunologic responses coupled with extension of median and long-term survival in an unselected, intermediate and poor risk prognosis mRCC population.#NCT00678119.
Krypton-81m Ventilation Scintigraphy for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Emboli
Authors: MICHAEL L. GORIS, SHARON G. DASPIT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

The value of ventilation studies in conjunction with pulmonary perfusion scintigraphies for the diagnosis of pulmonary emboli is reviewed. A retrospective study of 273 consecutive cases and comparison with 42 angiographic results provides the data base. The data are compared with previously reported results and confirm the diagnostic gain obtained by ventilation studies. Possible advantages of the use of krypton-81m for the ventilation study are suggested. Finally, with the observed prevalence of six possible scintigraphic outcomes and assuming that two outcomes are diagnostic, it can be shown that the addition of a ventilation study in the diagnostic work-up decreases the average cost of the diagnosis.
The protective effect of <i>N</i>‐acetyl‐aspartyl‐glutamate (NAAGA) against nasal obstruction provoked by antigen in allergic rhinitis
Authors: P. Magyar, Z. Györi, Z. Márk, I. Hutás
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Specific nasal challenge test (NCT) with pollen extracts was performed before and after a single dose pretreatment with N‐acetyl‐aspartyl‐glutamate (NAAGA: Rhinaaxia®) nasal spray in 11 grass‐ and ragweed‐pollen‐sensitive patients with allergic rhinitis in symptom‐free condition to test the protective effect of this drug on allergen‐induced nasal obstruction and symptoms. In 7 of 11 patients, a third NCT was performed in the same way as the second one, except that placebo spray was used for pretreatment instead of NAAGA nasal spray. Nasal airways resistance (RNAS) measurements were performed before pretreatment and 15 min after NCT. Pretreatment with NAAGA 1 h before NCT significantly ( P &lt; 0.001) attenuated antigen‐induced nasal obstruction. The mean protection was 64%. The protective effect against nasal symptoms was likewise significant ( P &lt; 0.001), but the mean protection was found to be essentially lower (39%) than for RNAS. Pretreatment with placebo nasal spray showed only a 13% ( P &gt; 0.1) protection for RNAS, while it did not decrease allergen‐induced nasal symptoms. The results suggest that the favorable effect of the regular administration of NAAGA in allergic rhinitis is to be expected primarily when the main complaint is nasal obstruction.