tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for Managing High Blood Pressure
Authors: David K. Cundiff, Francois Gueyffier, James M. Wright
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Impact of Mechanical Activation, Scar, and Electrical Timing on Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Response and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Kenneth C. Bilchick, Sujith Kuruvilla, Yasmin S. Hamirani, Raghav Ramachandran, Samantha A. Clarke, Katherine M. Parker, George J. Stukenborg, Pamela Mason, John D. Ferguson, J. Randall Moorman, Rohit Malhotra, J. Michael Mangrum, Andrew E. Darby, John DiMarco, Jeffrey W. Holmes, Michael Salerno, Christopher M. Kramer, Frederick H. Epstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Mechanical Coupling Between Myofibroblasts and Cardiomyocytes Slows Electric Conduction in Fibrotic Cell Monolayers
Authors: Susan A. Thompson, Craig R. Copeland, Daniel H. Reich, Leslie Tung
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— After cardiac injury, activated cardiac myofibroblasts can influence tissue electrophysiology. Because mechanical coupling through adherens junctions provides a route for intercellular communication, we tested the hypothesis that myofibroblasts exert tonic contractile forces on the cardiomyocytes and affect electric propagation via a process of mechanoelectric feedback. Methods and Results— The role of mechanoelectric feedback was examined in transforming growth factor-β–treated monolayers of cocultured myofibroblasts and neonatal rat ventricular cells by inhibiting myofibroblast contraction and blocking mechanosensitive channels. Untreated (control) and transforming growth factor-β–treated (fibrotic) anisotropic monolayers were optically mapped for electrophysiological comparison. Longitudinal conduction velocity, transverse conduction velocity, and normalized action potential upstroke velocity (dV/dt max ) significantly decreased in fibrotic monolayers (14.4±0.7 cm/s [mean±SEM], 4.1±0.3 cm/s [n=53], and 3.1±0.2% per ms [n=14], respectively) compared with control monolayers (27.2±0.8 cm/s, 8.5±0.4 cm/s [n=40], and 4.9±0.1% per ms [n=12], respectively). Application of the excitation-contraction uncoupler blebbistatin or the mechanosensitive channel blocker gadolinium or streptomycin dramatically increased longitudinal conduction velocity, transverse conduction velocity, and dV/dt max in fibrotic monolayers (35.9±1.5 cm/s, 10.3±0.6 cm/s [n=17], and 4.5±0.1% per ms [n=14], respectively). Similar results were observed with connexin43–silenced cardiac myofibroblasts. Spiral-wave induction in fibrotic monolayers also decreased after the aforementioned treatments. Finally, traction force measurements of individual myofibroblasts showed a significant increase with transforming growth factor-β, a decrease with blebbistatin, and no change with mechanosensitive channel blockers. Conclusions— These observations suggest that myofibroblast-myocyte mechanical interactions develop during cardiac injury, and that cardiac conduction may be impaired as a result of increased mechanosensitive channel activation owing to tension applied to the myocyte by the myofibroblast.
Abstract 2137: Using Rac1 isogenic cells to model tumor metastasis
Authors: Ceri Wiggins, Holly Astley, Claire Mahoney, David Sorrell, Chris Torrance, Rebecca Foster
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Rho family of GTPases regulate a wide range of normal cellular functions including cell growth and cytoskeleton dynamics, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that when deregulated, proteins such as Rac1 contribute to tumorigensis, tumour invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of Cdc42 and Rac1 have been reported in human breast cancer, and coincide with breast cancer progression, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to generate a model system to investigate how Rac1 activation affects the migratory propensity of human breast epithelial cells. We utilised X-MAN isogenic cells derived from MCF10A mammary epithelial cells which harbour a single Q61L Rac1 mutation introduced by AAV-mediated homologous recombination, paired with a parental cell line expressing the wildtype allele. This system offers several advantages over conventional methods; protein expression is driven from endogenous promoters, thereby eliminating the caveats associated with transfection-based approaches. Using the X-MAN isogenic cells we showed that introduction of the Rac1Q61L mutation results in a profound effect on cell morphology. The most striking phenotype was the appearance of large intracellular vacuoles, but immunofluorescence studies also revealed cytoskeletal abnormalities with Rac1Q61L cells showing evidence of microtubule disorganisation and accumulation of newly polymerised actin fibers. These observations, in conjunction with previous reports that activated Rac is associated with cell migration, prompted us to address whether these cells may also have a migratory phenotype. Using Transwell and scratch assays, we confirmed that Rac1Q61L cells are more motile than their parental counterparts, and this correlated with increased adhesive properties. Pathway analysis revealed Rac1Q61L cells express higher basal levels of activated MEK and ERK, both of which have been implicated in the migration of numerous cell types. In conclusion, we have generated a pair of isogenic cell lines to demonstrate how constitutive Rac1 activation results in cytoskeletal changes and increased motility. Our data highlights the advantages of being able to study clinically-relevant pathways in a phenotypically-relevant assay, and how this platform could be exploited to profile molecularly targeted agents aimed at reducing tumour invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2137. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2137
465. Pseudotyping Lentiviral Vectors with a Modified GP64 Envelope Proteins Redirects Gene Transfer In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: David Markusic, Niek van Til, Alexander Kanitz, Johan Hiralall, Ronald Oude-Elferink, Jurgen Seppen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

In rodents, systemic administration of lentiviral vectors results in poor gene transfer to hepatocytes, with the nonparenchymal liver cells preferentially transduced. Lentiviral vectors often are pseudotyped with envelope proteins capable of gene transfer to a broad range of cell types. Restricted gene transfer to hepatocytes is important for improving transduction efficiency and long-term transgene expression.
Physical Activity in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease and Total Mortality Among Men With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mihaela Tanasescu, Michael F. Leitzmann, Eric B. Rimm, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The present study was conducted to examine the relationship of physical activity with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality among men with type 2 diabetes. CVD risk and mortality are increased in type 2 diabetes. Few epidemiological studies have investigated the effect of physical activity on these outcomes among type 2 diabetics.Of the 3058 men who reported a diagnosis of diabetes at age 30 years or older in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study (HPFS), we excluded 255 who reported a physical impairment. In the remaining 2803 men, physical activity was assessed every 2 years; 266 new cases of CVD and 355 deaths of all causes were identified during 14 years of follow-up. Relative risks of CVD and death were estimated from Cox proportional hazards analysis with adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariate relative risks of CVD incidence corresponding to quintiles of total physical activity were 1.0, 0.87, 0.64, 0.72, and 0.67 (Ptrend=0.07). The corresponding multivariate relative risks for total mortality were 1.0, 0.80, 0.57, 0.58, and 0.58 (Ptrend=0.005). Walking was associated with reduced risk of total mortality. Relative risks across quintiles of walking were 1.0, 0.97, 0.87, 0.97, and 0.57 (Ptrend=0.002). Walking pace was inversely associated with CVD, fatal CVD, and total mortality independently of walking hours.Physical activity was associated with reduced risk of CVD, cardiovascular death, and total mortality in men with type 2 diabetes. Walking and walking pace were associated with reduced total mortality.
Efficacy and safety of boceprevir plus peginterferon–ribavirin in patients with HCV G1 infection and advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis
Authors: Savino Bruno, John M. Vierling, Rafael Esteban, Lisa M. Nyberg, Hugo Tanno, Zachary Goodman, Fred Poordad, Bruce Bacon, Keith Gottesdiener, Lisa D. Pedicone, Janice K. Albrecht, Clifford A. Brass, Seth Thompson, Margaret H. Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Marrow Fat and Estimates of Bone Loss
Authors: RICHARD B. MAZESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1985Marrow Fat and Estimates of Bone LossRICHARD B. MAZESS, Ph.D.RICHARD B. MAZESS, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-276 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Meier and associates (1) showed, using single-energy computed tomography, that the apparent aging loss of vertebral bone in men was much greater than the decrease in compact bone (12% as compared with 3% per decade). In fact this large vertebral loss was comparable to the computed tomographic changes seen in the spine of women. However, the aging change in chemically determined density of trabecular bone averages about 7% per decade in both sexes (2). One explanation for this high apparent rate of loss in both men and women is the influence of increased marrow fat. Laval-Jeantet and...References1. MEIERORWOLLJONES DEJ. Marked disparity between trabecular and corticol bone loss with age in healthy men: measurement by vertebral computed tomography and radial photon absorptiometry. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:605-12. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MAZESS R. On aging bone loss. Clin Orthop. 1982;165:239-52. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. LAVAL-JEANTETLAVAL-JEANTETROGERSCOTTDELMAS AMBCP. Interet et limites de la mesure tomodensitometrique de la mineralisation vertebrale. J Radiol. 1984;65:151-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. VETTERKALENDARPERMANMAZESSHOLDEN JWWRJ. Measurement of vertebral bone mineral density using dual-energy CT with material selective reconstruction [Abstract]. Radiology. 1984;153:120. Google Scholar5. ADAMSCHENADAMSISHERWOOD JSPI. Measurement of trabecular bone mineral by dual energy CT. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1984;6:601-7. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Wisconsin Madison, WI 53706 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByBone Marrow Adipose Tissue 1 February 1985Volume 102, Issue 2Page: 276-277KeywordsAgingBoneBone densityBone marrowBone resorptionComputed axial tomographyFatsSpine Issue Published: 1 February 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Endothelial CCR2 Signaling Induced by Colon Carcinoma Cells Enables Extravasation via the JAK2-Stat5 and p38MAPK Pathway
Authors: Monika Julia Wolf, Alexandra Hoos, Judith Bauer, Steffen Boettcher, Markus Knust, Achim Weber, Nicole Simonavicius, Christoph Schneider, Matthias Lang, Michael Stürzl, Roland S. Croner, Andreas Konrad, Markus G. Manz, Holger Moch, Adriano Aguzzi, Geert van Loo, Manolis Pasparakis, Marco Prinz, Lubor Borsig, Mathias Heikenwalder
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
The Fragile Species
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1992)

It seems fitting to begin this review of Lewis Thomas' latest book with an observation about the human species: given our marvelous capacity for adaptation, I am afraid we have grown accustomed to this extraordinary author. For years he has dazzled the reader with his luminous insights, his whimsical non sequiturs, his retreats into philology and linguistics, poetry, and music, and, above all, his compassion for humanity and wonderment toward all living creatures. At first, we marveled at his gifts. But now he has delivered book after book, and we have grown to expect it. This situation might only improve if he would disappoint us. But his latest book,<i>The Fragile Species</i>, only continues to reward our expectations. Lewis Thomas, MD, has held multiple professorships in pediatrics, medicine, pathology, and biology, and his writing reflects a remarkable breadth of expertise. He has been dean of both the New York University
1259 THE LIVER REDOX STATUS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY ASSOCIATED WITH RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION AND THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF TIBOLONE
Authors: E.H. Gilglioni, L.B. Campos, C.R. Ambiel, M.N. Brito, R.F. Garcia, E.L. Ishii-Iwamoto, C.L. Salgueiro-Pagadigorria
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Genetic heterogeneity in acute intermittent porphyria: characterisation and frequency of porphobilinogen deaminase mutations in Finland.
Authors: P Mustajoki, R J Desnick
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The occurrence of different porphobilinogen deaminase mutant types in 68 patients with acute intermittent porphyria from 33 unrelated families in Finland was studied with biochemical and immunological techniques. In this fairly homogenous population four different porphobilinogen deaminase mutant types were identified and their frequencies determined. Most (about 80%) of the mutations were cross reacting immunological material (CRIM) negative, including a large kindred with normal erythrocyte porphobilinogen deaminase activities. The remainder of the families had CRIM positive mutations, including an unusual type (type 2) that had an immunoreactive, non-catalytic porphobilinogen deaminase level considerably greater than the maximal theoretical ratio of CRIM to activity of 2.0 for a single mutant allele. Correlations of the amount of residual porphobilinogen deaminase activity and the occurrence of acute clinical manifestations in each mutant type suggested that CRIM positive type 2 patients may have fewer acute symptoms.
Letter: The Gheel experience
Authors: R. K. Berg
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Aring's Gheel experience (230:998, 1974) made me remember my visit to Gheel. I was the first journalist permitted by Belgian authorities to interview the towns-people and their<i>malades</i>, as the Gheeleis referred to the mentally ill they took into their homes while the rest of the world preferred to lock them up. My visit came 15 years later than Dr. Aring's, in 1961, at a time when I was science editor of<i>Look</i>magazine. The month was February, a cold and bleak period during which the sun never shone, yet I recall it as the brightest four weeks in my memory. That year, Gheel's population was 23,000, including 2,200 "sick ones" from all over the world, who lived with the townspeople as members of the family. Most householders worked small farms, a few were shopkeepers, and the<i>malades</i>labored along with them in the fields, shared
The Power of the Extreme in Elucidating Obesity
Authors: Philippe Froguel, Alexandra I F Blakemore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Despite the worrisome statistics that 16% of children in the United States are obese and that the number of adults with a body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) of 50 or more has increased by a factor of 6 in the past 10 years, no simple environmental explanation for the obesity epidemic has proved valid. Many health advisers view obesity simply as a reflection of unwise personal lifestyle choices, and many would probably be surprised to learn that adiposity is one of the most heritable of human traits. Data from recent . . .
Book Review Governing Global Health: Challenge, Response, Innovation (Global Environmental Governance.) Edited by Andrew F. Cooper, John J. Kirton, and Ted Schrecker. 296 pp. Aldershot, England, Ashgate Publishing, 2007. $99.95. 978-0-7546-4873-4
Authors: Kenneth E. MacWilliams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)
Systemic hemodynamic, forearm vascular, renal, and humoral responses to sustained cardiopulmonary baroreceptor deactivation in well-compensated cirrhosis
Authors: Florence Wong, Alexander Logan, Laurence Blendis
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The aim of this study was to assess baroreceptor function in well-compensated cirrhosis by determining the forearm vascular, renal, and humoral responses to sustained baroreceptor deactivation. The effect of sodium status on baroreceptor function was also assessed. Eight cirrhotic patients and 10 age- and sex-matched controls were studied twice after a 20 mmol and 200 mmol of sodium/d diet for 7 days. Systemic and renal hemodynamics, renal sodium handling, forearm blood flow, and neurohumoral factors were assessed before, during, and after the application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) for 1 hour. Controls and cirrhotic patients had similar baseline mean arterial pressure, heart rate, forearm and renal hemodynamics. High-sodium intake resulted in suppression of sympathetic nervous activity in the controls (plasma norepinephrine, 1.06 +/- 0.11 nmol/L on low vs. 0.76 +/- 0.08 nmol/L on high sodium; P = 0.01) but not in the cirrhotic patients (1.35 +/- 0.22 nmol/L on low vs. 1.26 +/- 0.11 nmol/L on high sodium; P > 0.05). Both groups responded to LBNP with significant further increases in plasma norepinephrine, resulting in significant decreases in forearm blood flow on both sodium diets. Controls also responded with a significant worsening of renal hemodynamics on low-sodium diet only, but this was not observed in the cirrhotic patients on either diet. Therefore, in well-compensated cirrhotic patients: (1) sympathetic activation occurs despite an adequate, effective arterial filling, and this may contribute to sodium retention; and (2) baroreceptor function is normal. Apparent end organ unresponsiveness within the renal circulation may account for the lack of renal hemodynamic changes to reflex sympathetic stimulation.
Perinatal death associated with planned home birth in Australia: population based study
Authors: H. Bastian, M. J N C Keirse, P. A L Lancaster
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To assess the risk of perinatal death in planned home births in Australia. <b>Design</b> : Comparison of data on planned home births during 1985-90, notified to Homebirth Australia, with national data on perinatal deaths and outcomes of home births internationally. <b>Results</b> : 50 perinatal deaths occurred in 7002 planned home births in Australia during 1985-90: 7.1 per 1000 (95% confidence interval 5.2 to 9.1) according to Australian definitions and 6.4 per 1000 (4.6 to 8.3) according to World Health Organisation definitions. The perinatal death rate in infants weighing more than 2500 g was higher than the national average (5.7 versus 3.6 per 1000: relative risk 1.6; 1.1 to 2.4) as were intrapartum deaths not due to malformations or immaturity (2.7 versus 0.9 per 1000: 3.0; 1.9 to 4.8). More than half (52%) of the deaths were associated with intrapartum asphyxia. <b>Conclusions</b> : Australian home births carried a high death rate compared with both all Australian births and home births elsewhere. The two largest contributors to the excess mortality were underestimation of the risks associated with post-term birth, twin pregnancy and breech presentation, and a lack of response to fetal distress.
Further Studies on the Effect of Arteriovenous Fistulas and Elevations of Sinus Pressure on Mortality Rates Following Acute Coronary Occlusions
Authors: GEORGE SMITH, JAMES DEMMING, MORTON ELEFF, RICHARD W. ECKSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Observations were made on the mortality rates within the first hour following acute ligation of the circumflex artery. The experiments were divided into the following groups: (1) those with arteriovenous fistulas, (2) those with elevation of coronary sinus pressure, (3) those with complete coronary sinus occlusion, and (4) those with arterialization of the coronary sinus. There was a mortality of 70 per cent in the first group, 30 per cent in the second group, 40 per cent in the third group, and no deaths in the fourth group. The results indicate that arterialization of the coronary sinus provides the greatest protection against ventricular fibrillation and that such arterialization provides the only practical means of chronically elevating coronary sinus pressures to effective levels.
Scintigraphic Imaging of a Nuchal Sentinel Node
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

The cutaneous lymphatic drainage of the trunk is complex and its prediction is used to rely on the classic anatomic concepts of Sappey. Lymphoscintigraphy has shown significant discrepancy between the real sentinel nodal basins and the expected sites of drainage based solely on the old lymphatic anatomy. The author presents a case of upper back melanoma with unusual nuchal sentinel node demonstrated by technetium-99m filtered sulfur colloid scintigraphy.
Optimized use of a biodegradable polymer as a carrier material for the local delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2)
Authors: Minori Kato, Hiromitsu Toyoda, Takashi Namikawa, Masatoshi Hoshino, Hidetomi Terai, Shimpei Miyamoto, Kunio Takaoka
Journal: Biomaterials (2005)