tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RELEASE OF DNA IN CIRCULATING BLOOD AND INDUCTION OF ANTI-DNA ANTIBODIES AFTER INJECTION OF BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: Gilbert J. Fournié, Paul H. Lambert, Peter A. Miescher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

The present data demonstrate the induction of antisingle-stranded (SS) DNA and antidouble-stranded DNA antibodies in various strains of mice, including athymic C57BL/6 nude mice, after the injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This anti-DNA response is dose dependent and varies quantitatively according to the strain of the injected mice. It is not correlated to the H-2 histocompatibility locus nor to the immune response to LPS. The lipid A fraction appears to be the active part of the LPS molecule for this particular effect. In addition, it was found that DNA is released in circulating blood a few hours after the injection of LPS. Most of the DNA released has physicochemical and immunochemical characteristics of SS DNA. Therefore, the anti-DNA response induced by injections of LPS may be the result of a release of DNA in a particularly immunogenic form at a time when the immune system, in particular the B lymphocytes, is rendered capable by LPS of developing an immune response to such a soluble antigen. These effects of LPS may account for the triggering or the exacerbation of ante-DNA antibodies during infections with gram-negative bacteria, and a similar mechanism may be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Is Methadone Enough? The Use of Ancillary Treatment During Methadone Maintenance
Authors: BARRY S. RAMER, MARSHALL O. ZASLOVE, JOAN LANGAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Methadone maintenance treatment programs are increasing in number. The question arises: "Is methadone blockade alone sufficient to rehabilitate narcotic addicts?" Addicts maintained on methadone at the Center for Special Problems had eight ancillary treatment modalities available. They used crisis intervention and vocational rehabilitation most often. One group of patients made excellent life adjustments with little ancillary treatment, while another group used many modalities but adjusted poorly. Patients requiring individual psychotherapy made the poorest adjustment and had the highest rate of attrition from the program.
Abstract 731: 4-Amino-substituted 5-resorcinol-isoxazole derivatives, a novel class of Hsp90 inhibitor: Synthesis and evaluation of in vitro activity
Authors: Giuseppe Giannini, Walter Cabri, Tiziana Brunetti, Andrea Ciacci, Daniele Simoni, Riccardo Baruchello, Giuseppina Grisolia, Cinzia Rullo, Loredana Vesci, Massimo Castorina, Ferdinando Maria Milazzo, Paolo Carminati, Claudio Pisano
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Hsp90 (heat shock protein 90) is a component of a molecular chaperone complex, involved in the folding, maturation and stabilisation of key signalling molecules which control cell proliferation, survival and transformation. It works by a modulation of a set of cancer-associated proteins, collectively referred to as “clients”. Inhibition of Hsp90 causes simultaneous destabilization and eventual degradation of client proteins that result in suppression of tumor growth. This observation led to the idea, among pharmaceutical chemists, to consider Hsp90 as a potential target for a new strategy in human cancer therapy. After pioneering studies with natural products (geldamycin and radicicol), many selective Hsp90 inhibitors from various institutions have entered in clinical trials. One of these classes of inhibitors is the 4,5-diaryl-isoxazole with a resorcinol in position 5 and a second substituted aryl in position 4. This scaffold was considered a prerequisite for the activity on Hsp90. VER-52296/NVP-AUY922, currently in Phase II clinical trials, belongs to diaryl-isoxazole class. In our project, we systematically investigated - with in silico pre-screening, in concert with structural information from X-ray protein crystallography - all possible modifications to make on the isoxazole scaffold. We have mainly focused our attention on the importance of an amide portion at the 4 position. Now we have identified a new class of synthetic small molecule Hsp90 inhibitors, characterized by a 4-amino-substituted 5-monoaryl-isoxazole (5-resorcinol-isoxazole) scaffold. We turned our attention to the 4 position of isoxazole where unexpectedly, we have found that compounds possessing a nitrogen atom directly attached to the isoxazole ring are endowed of activity against Hsp90 similar or even better than the diaryl analogues. Here we describe design, synthesis and preliminary in vitro biological profile of a small library of these derivatives. Examples from this series of compounds have activities ranging from low to high nM against Hsp90 as measured in a fluorescence polarization (FP) competitive binding assay, and are active in human cancer cell lines where they inhibit cell proliferation and exhibit a characteristic profile of depletion of oncogenic proteins and concomitant elevation of Hsp72. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 731.
A Method of Giving Penicillin
Authors: M. M. Espinosa
Journal: BMJ (1947)

much to reduce the need for severe mechanical traumatization, whi e it is the fact that ether and, to a smaller degree, the other relaxing inhalational anaesthetics are potent agents in predispos- ing towards ileus from the second cause.Here again the use of curare by permitting the administration of reduced quanti- ties of inhalational intestinal depressants should lessen the chances of development of post-operative ileus.The effect of curare itself on the gut was at first claimed in the U.S.A. to be parasympatheticomimetic.Workers in this country, possibly because of the greater purity of the product used, have been unable to confirm this; but as far as I know nobody has yet considered it to have the reverse action, and until some experi- mental evidence is produced that it does have any such adverse effect I see no reason why such a disadvantage should be imputed to it.-Iam, etc.,
1189 GS-9669, A NOVEL NS5B NON-NUCLEOTIDE SITE II INHIBITOR, DEMONSTRATES POTENT ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY, FAVORABLE SAFETY PROFILE AND POTENTIAL FOR ONCE-DAILY DOSING
Authors: E. Lawitz, L. Hazan, D. Gruener, H. Hack, M. Backonja, J. Hill, P. German, H. Dvory-Sobol, A. Jain, S. Arterburn, W.J. Watkins, S. Rossi, J. McHutchison, M. Rodriguez-Torres
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Therapies for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Winston K. Mebust
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Concato et al<sup>1</sup>in the February 26, 1992, issue of<i>JAMA</i>that sheds additional light on the subject of mortality associated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is of great importance to many physicians and their patients. The number of men in the United States seeking treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) continues to grow, currently accounting for an estimated 1.7 million physician-office visits annually. As the article reports, approximately 350 000 surgeries were performed in 1986,95% of them TURPs. The estimated annual costs for these procedures is $3 billion. As the population continues to age, these numbers can only increase significantly. Most urologists associate TURP as the most appropriate medical procedure for treating BPH. This is because TURP effectively reduces any obstruction, alleviates a patient's symptoms, and improves quality of life. In addition, the medical community has long associated TURP with
Hepatoblastoma and APC gene mutation in familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: F CETTA, G MONTALTO, M PETRACCI
Journal: Gut (1997)

Editor,—The recent article by Giardiello et al ( Gut 1996; 39: 867–9) reported eight patients with hepatoblastoma collected from the Johns Hopkins Polyposis Registry. As the authors acknowledge, hepatoblastoma is very rare in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Only 33 cases (24 men, nine women) have been reported in the literature since the first description in 1982.1 2 In particular, the exact site of the APC gene mutation has been detected in only a minority of these patients.

Here, we report an additional patient with FAP associated  hepatoblastoma, who was discovered during intensive …
Resolution of acute IgE-mediated allergy with development of eosinophilic esophagitis triggered by the same food
Authors: Solrun Melkorka Maggadottir, David A. Hill, Kathryn Ruymann, Terri F. Brown-Whitehorn, Antonella Cianferoni, Michele Shuker, Mei-Lun Wang, Kudakwashe Chikwava, Ritu Verma, Chris A. Liacouras, Jonathan M. Spergel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Doctors criticise preparations for bioterrorist attacks
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Doctors are worried about the inadequate arrangements for caring for patients in the event of a nuclear, biological, or chemical attack or in other public health emergencies such as an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

One health trust, according to a representative, told its GPs that at the start of a SARS outbreak they should go to a builders' supplier to buy protective masks and to hold consultations with patients by shouting through the letterbox.

Dr Simon Eccles, a …
Surgically Induced Atrioventricular Block as Treatment for Recurrent Atrial Tachycardia in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: JOHN H. EDMONDS, ROBERT G. ELLISON, THOMAS L. CREWS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

In a 60-year-old male with WPW syndrome and recurrent PAT refractory to cardiac drugs, surgical creation of complete A-V block without cardiopulmonary bypass has prevented recurrence of the PAT. The findings in this case support the accessory conduction tissue theory as being responsible for WPW conduction in some patients and a circus re-entry movement as responsible for the recurring PAT.
CORTICOTROPIN (ACTH) IN TREATMENT OF AGRANULOCYTOSIS FOLLOWING SULFISOXAZOLE THERAPY
Authors: Harry B. McCluskey
Journal: JAMA (1953)

The purpose of this paper is to report additional evidence of the value of corticotropin (ACTH) in the treatment of agranulocytosis. Three cases have already been reported in the literature,1and a fourth is reported here.  REPORT OF A CASE  A 72-year-old white man, a retired banker, was admitted to the Presbyterian Hospital, Newark, N. J., June 2, 1952, with a history of urinary frequency and dysuria of at least one year's duration. On February 9, 1952, he was in an automobile accident and was hospitalized for two weeks because of fractures of the left arm and five ribs. On May 2, 1952, sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) therapy was started because of the urologic complaints. During the ensuing four weeks, the patient ingested eight tablets (0.5 gm. each) of sulfisoxazole daily for the first week, four tablets daily for the second week, and then eight tablets daily for the remainder of
Rectal Injury During Barium Enema Examination
Authors: Charles L. Witte
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In TOPICS IN RADIOLOGY (1982;248:1375), Walker and colleagues describe massive extravasation of extraperitoneal air in an elderly woman after double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) examination. Although the authors note a low reported incidence (0.02%) of rectal injury from DCBE examination and allude to wide variations in quantities of extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal air that may accumulate, they conspicuously underemphasize the potential lethality of this complication. Because these patients have fortuitously been thoroughly cleansed of stool by preexamination enemas and laxatives, such injuries may be treated expectantly. Nevertheless, as the following case report exemplifies, rectal tear from DCBE examination endangers life and may require prompt aggressive treatment. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 51-year-old asymptomatic woman underwent DCBE examination for follow-up of a benign polyp removed from the sigmoid colon three years earlier. Toward the end of the examination, the retention balloon suddenly ruptured, expelling the catheter. Although no immediate discomfort
Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous and Transhepatic Cholecystostomy: A Complementary Procedure to Therapeutic Endoscopy
Authors: F. Dunham, P. Marliere, C. Mortier, A. Gulbis
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

Percutaneous cholecystostomy is an expanding technique since the use of ultrasonography permits a precise puncture of the gall bladder. Cholecystitis is a classical complication of endoscopic maneuvers in the biliary tract or can be associated with obstructive jaundice. Following their results the authors conclude on the usefulness of percutaneous cholecystostomy as a complementary procedure to non-operative management of biliary diseases.
Dose-dependent acute clearance of hepatitis C genotype 1 virus with interferon alfa
Authors: N P Lam, A U Neumann, D R Gretch, T E Wiley, A S Perelson, T J Layden
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

To determine if the clearance of hepatitis C genotype 1 virus (HCV) is dependent on the dose of interferon alfa-2b (IFN-α2b), the acute clearance of HCV after a single dose of either 3, 5, or 10 mIU of IFN-α was compared in patients with chronic hepatitis C. HCV-RNA levels following IFN-α administration were measured. At 24 hours, mean percentage serum viral reduction was 41.4%, 63.7%, and 85.5% for 3, 5, and 10 mIU, respectively ( P &lt; .001). At 48 hours, the mean viral reduction was consistently less than the reduction at 24 hours, averaging 22.9%, 61.9%, and 74.3%, respectively ( P &lt; .001), indicating that the drug effect diminishes before 48 hours. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between dose and percent reduction of HCV- RNA levels ( r = .6; P &lt; .001). A mathematical model showed that such dose dependence is expected if IFN-α partially blocks viral production. Minimum clearance and production rates of HCV were estimated from measurements of HCV-RNA levels after the 10-mIU dose. HCV decay followed an exponential decline with a minimum estimate of the viral clearance rate constant of 2.8 per day, corresponding to a virion half-life of 0.3 days or less. A minimal estimate of the daily HCV production and clearance is 3.7 × 10 11 virions per day, indicating a high rate of replication and turnover. These results indicate that there is a dose-dependent effect of IFN-α in clearance of HCV genotype 1. Because the virion production rate is very rapid and because the current recommended dose of IFN-α (3 mIU) is often ineffective, larger doses should be considered to treat genotype 1-infected patients.
Public health strategy will tackle inequality in England
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A new health strategy for England, to break the cycle of ill health due to poverty and deprivation, was initiated this week by the recently appointed minister for public health, Tessa Jowell.

She committed the government to a major change in policy, which recognises the link between poverty and health and produces an integrated approach. All government policies will in future be evaluated for their potential impact on health.

“You might call it being tough on the causes of ill health,” she told a conference in London. “Poverty, unemployment, bad housing, social isolation, pollution, ethnic minority status, and gender have for too long been regarded as peripheral to health policy. Public health has been marginalised, and its laws and structures have been neglected.”

Although such sentiments found a welcome response, there was dismay that the new policy is still so formative and has …
Future Perspectives for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Hossein A. Ghofrani, Robyn J. Barst, Raymond L. Benza, Hunter C. Champion, Karen A. Fagan, Friedrich Grimminger, Marc Humbert, Gérald Simonneau, Duncan J. Stewart, Carlo Ventura, Lewis J. Rubin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Effect of daily zinc supplementation on child mortality in southern Nepal: a community-based, cluster randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: James M Tielsch, Subarna K Khatry, Rebecca J Stoltzfus, Joanne Katz, Steven C LeClerq, Ramesh Adhikari, Luke C Mullany, Robert Black, Shardaram Shresta
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
Occupational Dermatitis Associated With Straw Itch Mites (Pyemotes ventricosus)
Authors: Thomas G. Betz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A 1981 outbreak of dermatitis in Austin, Tex, was traced to occupational exposure to wheat infested with the straw itch mite, Pyemotes ventricosus; the wheat was being sold for decorative purposes by an imported-goods store located on the second floor of a large, modern, shopping mall complex. In addition to an extensive varicelliform skin eruption, one employee also had chills, fever, malaise, diarrhea, and anorexia associated with her exposure to these mites. The straw itch mite has been associated with several large epidemics of dermatitis during the 19th and 20th centuries. This outbreak is the third reported in Texas since 1961. Physicians should consider the possibility of straw itch mite infestations of products brought into the home or places of employment when they observe patients with a varicelliform or chigger-bite-like dermatitis, which may be accompanied by constitutional symptoms.
Differing Effects of Pancreas-kidney Transplantation With Systemic Versus Portal Venous Drainage on Cholesteryl Ester Transfer in IDDM Subjects
Authors: John D Bagdade, Mary C Ritter, Abbas E Kitabchi, Emer Huss, Richard Thistlethwaite, Osama Gaber, Helen Lambeth
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE Cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) is accelerated in patients with IDDM treated with conventional (subcutaneous) insulin therapy (CIT) and a number of other disorders associated with premature cardiovascular disease. We have shown that in IDDM this disturbance is closely linked to iatrogenic hyperinsulinemia (HI), because it was reversed when insulin was administered by the intraportal (IP) route. In this study, we sought to determine whether HI after successful pancreas-kidney transplantation (PKT) has the same adverse effect on CET. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS CET was measured by both mass and isotopic assays and compared in two groups of euglycemic non-insulin-requiring IDDM PKT patients with either systemically draining allografts and persistent HI or grafts with portal vein anastomoses that were normoinsulinemic (PK-P). A third group of eight nondiabetic kidney transplant (KT) patients receiving the same immunosuppressive drugs served as control subjects. RESULTS CET in pancreas-kidney transplantation subjects with systemic venous drainage (PK-S) was increased (P &amp;lt; 0.001) to the same level we have reported previously in IDDM patients receiving CIT and was significantly higher (P &amp;lt; 0.001) than in those subjects with PK-P. CET in the PK-P group did not differ from that of the KT control patients. CONCLUSIONS CET is affected by variations in systemic insulin levels in pancreas transplant patients with allografts that have differing venous drainage. Because high systemic insulin levels are linked to the activation of (ET, euglycemic HI IDDM pancreas allograft recipients may continue to be at high risk for macrovascular complications.
Physiologic improvement following coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: D W Miller, R A Bruce, H T Dodge
Journal: Circulation (1978)

In this study the effects of coronary artery bypass surgery on ventricular function were evaluated at rest by quantitative analysis of segmental wall motion on cineventriculography, and during maximal treadmill exercise by measurement of serial cardiac outputs (Fick method) with the use of indwelling pulmonary artery and radial artery catheters. The patient had single vessel coronary disease and exertional angina. Following placement of a bypass graft to the proximally occluded left anterior descenting coronary artery, and despite the presence of arterial hypoxemia secondary to interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, a striking increase in maximal cardiac output occurred, mediated by a rise in both maximal heart rate and stroke volume. In this patient, resting ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were normal both before and after surgery, but preoperative abnormalities in extent of segmental wall motion, identified quantitatively, were restored to normal after bypass grafting. These investigations indicate that bypass surgery can provide substantial physiologic benefits in addition to providing subjective relief of anginal symptoms.
Air Force Academy Ends Mandatory Boxing Activity
Authors: Dana Swartzberg
Journal: JAMA (1995)

ABSTRACT IN RESPONSE to mounting pressure from the medical community, the US Air Force Academy has eliminated boxing as a mandatory activity.Until now, boxing was offered at the Army, Navy, and Air Force academies as an intramural sport and a mandatory combative training course. But now Air Force cadets will not be required to box as freshmen; they will have the option of taking the course as sophomores and may still participate intramurally. If any cadet boxes at the [Air Force] academy, it will be because he wants to, says Capt Will Lane, executive officer of the athletic department.Events leading to this decision stem in part from an editorial by George D. Lundberg, MD, editor-in-chief of the Journal of the American Medical Association, published June 8,1994. A longtime opponent of boxing, Lundberg called on the surgeons general of the US Army, Navy, and Air Force to influence the elimination
"I'm just not right": the physical health of the unemployed.
Authors: R Smith
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Medicine's bias is towards physical rather than psychological illness: in his training a doctor spends most time studying physical illness, and he will often go to great lengths to exclude a physical cause for a patient's symptoms, even though he is convinced that the cause is psychological. Readers may therefore be surprised that this article on the physical health of the unemployed comes after two articles on their psychological health, one on mortality, and another on suicide and parasuicide. But this reversal of the usual bias reflects the superiority of research into unemployment and psychological health compared with that into physical health. Despite Britain having more than three million unemployed people nobody has ever started the large longitudinal study that would have been needed to tell us exactly how unemployment affects physical health or, indeed, how much more at risk those in poor physical health are of becoming unemployed. The best studies that we have?those from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys' longitudinal study1 and from the British Regional Heart Study2?are both spin offs from studies undertaken for other reasons; both therefore offer only partial insights into the problem. Both, too, collected their original data before unemployment in Britain had really taken off. The failure to start a high quality study of this problem is an indictment of politicians, doctors' leaders, and those who decide research priorities. Whether nobody saw the need for such a study or whether a study was proposed and rejected because of the political sensitivity of unemployment I do not know, but a variety of people around the country have suggested that the government has discouraged rather than encouraged research into unemployment and health.