tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Bone Marrow Cell Homing Into the Infarcted Human Myocardium
Authors: Michael Hofmann, Kai C. Wollert, Gerd P. Meyer, Alix Menke, Lubomir Arseniev, Bernd Hertenstein, Arnold Ganser, Wolfram H. Knapp, Helmut Drexler
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Intracoronary transfer of autologous bone marrow cells (BMCs) promotes recovery of left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Although the mechanisms of this effect remain to be established, homing of BMCs into the infarcted myocardium is probably a critical early event. Methods and Results— We determined BMC biodistribution after therapeutic application in patients with a first ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction who had undergone stenting of the infarct-related artery. Unselected BMCs were radiolabeled with 100 MBq 2-[ 18 F]-fluoro-2-deoxy- d -glucose ( 18 F-FDG) and infused into the infarct-related coronary artery (intracoronary; n=3 patients) or injected via an antecubital vein (intravenous; n=3 patients). In 3 additional patients, CD34-positive (CD34 + ) cells were immunomagnetically enriched from unselected BMCs, labeled with 18 F-FDG, and infused intracoronarily. Cell transfer was performed 5 to 10 days after stenting. More than 99% of the infused total radioactivity was cell bound. Nucleated cell viability, comparable in all preparations, ranged from 92% to 96%. Fifty to 75 minutes after cell transfer, all patients underwent 3D PET imaging. After intracoronary transfer, 1.3% to 2.6% of 18 F-FDG–labeled unselected BMCs were detected in the infarcted myocardium; the remaining activity was found primarily in liver and spleen. After intravenous transfer, only background activity was detected in the infarcted myocardium. After intracoronary transfer of 18 F-FDG–labeled CD34-enriched cells, 14% to 39% of the total activity was detected in the infarcted myocardium. Unselected BMCs engrafted in the infarct center and border zone; homing of CD34-enriched cells was more pronounced in the border zone. Conclusions— 18 F-FDG labeling and 3D PET imaging can be used to monitor myocardial homing and biodistribution of BMCs after therapeutic application in patients.
Penicillin in the Treatment of Gonorrhea in Women
Authors: George E. Perkins, Harold N. Brewster
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE application of penicillin seems to be the outstanding advance to date in the therapy of gonorrhea, the most frequent of all venereal infections. The results of treatment in both sexes, with or without complications, are so striking that all other forms of therapy now seem antiquated. This is not to say, however, that penicillin is a "miracle drug" that relieves the physician and follow-up workers of any further responsibility once a patient has received a course of treatment.Critical analysis of the data available shows that one may come to some tentative conclusions. There are enough failures of treatment . . .
A Radioimmunoassay Index for Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: Roy Patterson, Paul A. Greenberger, Anthony J. Ricketti, Mary Roberts
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Differentiating patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis from those with asthma who have immediate cutaneous reactivity to Aspergillus fumigatus may be difficult. Both groups have IgE and IgG antibodies against aspergillus antigen. We describe methods for establishing IgE and IgG antibody indices using sera from asthmatic patients as a control serum pool. The IgE and IgG antibody indices are usually both positive and at least one index was positive in all patients during the acute stage. The indices had diagnostic value in individual patients during the other four stages, but were not consistently positive in patients in any other stage. In a patient with a suspected case, serodiagnosis should be attempted before corticosteroid therapy is started; thus, acute-phase serum should be obtained and stored before therapy.
Biliary Stent Blockage with Bacterial Biofilm
Authors: ANTHONY G. SPEER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Clogging of endoscopic stents necessitates their replacement in many patients with malignant obstructive jaundice and limits their use in benign strictures. We studied the basic mechanism of clogging to find ways to prevent it. We did light and electron microscopy studies of blocked and functioning stents, which were prepared so that organic structures would be preserved. The material blocking the lumina was composed of a matrix of bacterial cells and their fibrillar anionic extracellular products. Crystals of calcium bilirubinate, calcium palmitate, and cholesterol were embedded within this matrix. Bacterial cells were attached to the stent surface by a fibrillar matrix, suggesting that the initial event in stent clogging is the development of an adherent bacterial biofilm. Bacterial enzyme activity (beta-glucuronidase and phospholipase) leads to the deposition of crystals. The use of antibacterial plastics in the manufacture of stents may reduce bacterial adhesion and stent clogging.
Cyclosporine: Five Years' Experience in Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
Authors: Robert M. Merion, David J. G. White, Sathia Thiru, David B. Evans, Roy Y. Calne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Using a retrospective analysis we compared 79 recipients of cadaveric renal allografts who were treated with cyclosporine as the sole initial immunosuppressant and 29 concurrent transplant recipients treated with conventional immunosuppressants. The cyclosporine-treated group had a slightly higher actuarial patient survival at four years (86 per cent vs. 76 per cent). Actuarial graft survival at four years was 70 per cent in the cyclosporine group, as compared with 62 per cent in the conventionally immunosuppressed group. The incidence of acute rejection episodes was 62.1 per cent in the former and 65.5 per cent in the latter. Nephrotoxicity was managed either by reduction of the dose of cyclosporine or by conversion to conventional immunosuppression. Monitoring of trough serum levels of cyclosporine facilitated its administration. Serum creatinine levels have been higher in cyclosporine-treated patients with functioning grafts, but graft deterioration has not occurred after more than three years. Cyclosporine provides adequate immunosuppression for patients with renal allografts. At four years, the rates of patient and graft survival remain superior to those with conventional immunosuppression. In 41 per cent of patients the use of steroids was completely avoided. The longer-term results of this powerful immunosuppressive agent are not yet known. (N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 148–54.)
A Historical Perspective of Pharmaceutical Promotion and Physician Education
Authors: Scott H. Podolsky
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Residues and metabolites of selected persistent halogenated hydrocarbons in blood specimens from a general population survey.
Authors: R Murphy, C Harvey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The National Center for Health Statistics collaborated with the National Human Monitoring Program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in a four-year study to assess the exposure of the general population to selected pesticides through analysis of blood serum and urine specimens. Specimens were collected on a national probability half-sample of persons 12-74 years of age from 64 locations across the United States comprising the sample areas in the Second National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES II) and analyzed for selected organochlorine, carbamate, chlorophenoxy and organophosphorus pesticides. Medical, nutritional and pesticide usage data are also available for each sample person. Results of the blood serum analyses indicate that the general population is being exposed to some of these types of pesticides. For selected pesticide residues, the percent quantifiable positives and median serum levels by age group are presented for three regions of the United States. Since 1970, EPA has conducted a national probability sampling of human adipose tissue. Specimens obtained on a survey design representative of the general population were analyzed for selected organochlorine pesticides and toxic chemicals. Findings from the 1979 survey also indicate exposure of the general population to some of these chemicals.
Risk of Tuberculosis Infection and Tuberculous Meningitis after Discontinuation of Bacillus Calmette–Guerin in Beijing
Authors: LI-XING ZHANG, DE-HUA TU, GUANG-XUE HE, ZENG-QI MA, NICO J. NAGELKERKE, MARTIEN W. BORGDORFF, DONALD A. ENARSON, JAAP F. BROEKMANS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

In Beijing, the notification rate of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) has been below 20 per 100,000 since 1986, and continues to decline. To accurately measure the risk of TB infection in a population in which the results of tuberculin skin testing were not confounded by vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), BCG vaccination at birth was discontinued from 1988 in Shun-yi County. In 1995, the prevalence of TB infection among 12,836 primary school children aged 6 to 7 yr and without BCG scars was 1.4%, giving an estimated annual risk of infection of 0.19% (95% confidence interval: 0.16 to 0.22%). The prevalence of TB infection in children aged 5 to 9 yr in Beijing in 1950 was 46%. The number of cases of tuberculous meningitis did not increase after discontinuation of BCG. We conclude that discontinuation of BCG had no detectable harmful effects, and that control of TB in Beijing has markedly reduced the prevalence of TB infection since 1950.
Grooved Director for Vaginal Hysterectomy.
Authors: Thos. B. Eastman
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Indianapolis, Nov. 17, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am very much surprised to read in your issue of November 17 an article by Dr. E. D. Ferguson, of Troy, N. Y., in which he describes a grooved director for vaginal hysterectomy that in every essential feature is identical with the grooved staff devised by Dr. Joseph Eastman twelve years ago. It is only fair to Dr. Ferguson to assume that he was not aware that he had been antedated twelve years in his invention, although it must be admitted that his acquaintance with the various methods of vaginal hysterectomy was not quite as wide as it might have been before placing his grooved director before the profession. The staff devised by Dr. Joseph Eastman has been described and illustrated in such prominent medical journals as the<i>New York Medical Record</i>of April 1, 1893, the<i>American Gynecological and Obstetrical Journal</i>
Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis and Influenza
Authors: John Rodney Blair
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hypokalemia with neuromuscular manifestations has been reported in many clinical situations such as diuretic therapy, laxative abuse, hyperaldosteronism, cortisol excess, Fanconi's syndrome, colonic villous adenoma, and licorice ingestion. It has been seen mainly in white patients and in association with thyrotoxicosis. A recent case occurred in a euthyroid Negro patient.<sup>1</sup>A letter in the<i>British Medical Journal</i><sup>2</sup>described hypokalemia in many patients during the English epidemic of influenza A<sub>2</sub>(1968 Hong Kong strain) but no documentation was presented. We report this case in order to reemphasize this observation and to note its presentation as a form of hypokalemic periodic paralysis. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 66-year-old white woman suffered an influenza-like illness one month prior to admission, with chills, fever, muscle-aching, burning of eyes, and cough. She was bedridden for two weeks but began recovery. An epidemic of influenza in her town at this time
Viremia and Viruria in Adenovirus Infections
Authors: R. R. Gutekunst, A. D. Heggie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

DURING attempts to define the etiology of rubella in naval recruits, adenoviruses were isolated from a considerable proportion of patients with this illness. In several these agents were demonstrated in the serum or urine or both — a finding not previously reported in studies of adenovirus disease. Although the viral origin of rubella has been established by several investigators who produced the disease in susceptible human subjects by inoculation of bacteria-free filtrates of respiratory secretions or blood from infected persons1 2 3 attempts to detect or propagate the virus by tissue-culture technics have been inconclusive.4 Thus, the diagnosis of rubella rests upon . . .
ACTINOMYCOSIS OF LUNGS AND SUPRARENALS
Authors: JAMES TRENT CHRISTISON
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Actinomycosis, formerly considered a rare disease, is being more and more frequently recognized, for in 1925 Sanford 1 collected data on 680 cases. Of these 680 cases, 335 had never been reported in the literature; the information was obtained by direct letters to superintendents of hospitals, state veterinarians, and state health departments. The first case was reported in 1845 by Langenbeck, and was recognized by the sulphur granules found in the pus from vertebral caries. The first case reported in America was by Murphy in 1857, while the first one noted here with pulmonary involvement was reported by Hodenpyl 2 in 1890.  The term actinomycosis, according to the approved classification of the present time, includes all organisms with branching mycelia which break up into segments as conidia with clubbed ends and radiating threads. These mycelia may break up into bacillus-like pieces which are nonmotile and may or may not be
Book: Caring for Women with Circumcision: A Technical Manual for Health Care Providers
Authors: J. Welch
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Nahid Toubia RAINBO, $17.95, pp 94 ISBN 1 893136 01 9 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> A 19 year old Somali refugee woman presented in labour. She spoke no English. Examination of her vulval area showed a long scar in place of her external genitals, with only a tiny opening. The senior resident called to advise thought that he remembered hearing about ritual cutting, and managed to track down a colleague who had worked in Somalia. Over the telephone, she explained that the woman was infibulated and needed defibulation in the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Sherlock Holmes and Heredity
Authors: David F. Musto
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Sherlock Holmes's celebrated case,<i>The Hound of the Baskervilles</i>, began one fall morning when Dr. James Mortimer arrived at 221B Baker St. Dr. Mortimer was a country physician who had made a modest name for himself by writing on the phenomenon of atavism and the pathology of hereditary disease. Holmes and Dr. Watson listened as he read a 1742 manuscript relating "a certain legend which runs in the Baskerville family." It described the night, a hundred or so years earlier, when the cruel, godless Sir Hugo Baskerville, after an evening of particularly repulsive depravities, rendered "his body and soul to the Powers of Evil" and was later killed by a monster hell-hound. Subsequent bloody deaths in the family were laid to the vengeance of the hound haunting the Dartmoor estate. For several generations the curse had been quiescent when the sudden death of the most recent occupant, Sir Charles Baskerville,
BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF A NOVEL NON-DRUG ELUTING BIOABSORBABLE STENT IN PORCINE CORONARY ARTERIES: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND HISTOLOGY STUDY
Authors: Carlos A. Gongora, Armando Tellez, Kamal Ramzipoor, Lee Chang, Yanping Cheng, Athanasios Peppas, masahiko shibuya, jose narvaez, Serge Rousselle, Greg Kaluza, Edward A. Estrada, Juan Granada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Axitinib dose titration: analyses of exposure, blood pressure and clinical response from a randomized phase II study in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: B.I. Rini, B. Melichar, M.N. Fishman, M. Oya, Y.K. Pithavala, Y. Chen, A.H. Bair, V. Grünwald
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Association Between Plasma Total Homocysteine and Parental History of Cardiovascular Disease in Children With Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Serena Tonstad, Helga Refsum, Per Magne Ueland
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Recently, we reported a relation between plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) in children and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in their male relatives, suggesting that tHcy may partly explain the increased risk related to a family history of CVD. Because individuals with familial hyperlipidemias have an exceptionally high risk of premature CVD, we explored the relationship between tHcy and parental history of CVD in children with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).Study subjects were 91 boys and 64 girls (age range, 7 to 17 years) with FH who were treated with a standard lipid-lowering diet at a tertiary care lipid clinic. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of demographics, the diet, tHcy level, presence of the C677T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (a common genetic cause of elevated tHcy) in children, and the prevalence of parental CVD. tHcy increased after puberty and was inversely related to parental educational level. Intakes of folate, vitamin C, and fruits and vegetables were inversely associated with tHcy, as were serum folate and vitamin B12 (Spearman's rho, -0.2 to 0.4; P<.05). tHcy was increased in children whose parent with FH had experienced CVD compared with children without parental CVD (median [interquartile range], 6.6 [5.3, 8.0] micromol/L versus 5.6 [4.7, 6.8] micromol/L; P=.01). This difference remained significant in multivariate regression analysis. Homozygosity for the C677T mutation was associated with a higher tHcy level and tended to be more frequent in the group with than in the group without a parental history of CVD (18% versus 8%; P=.07).These findings suggest that a moderately elevated tHcy level may partly account for the contribution of the family history to risk of CVD in FH. Dietary recommendations for FH should include nutrients that affect homocysteine metabolism.
Misplaced Dental Bridge
Authors: Charles E. H. Bates
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Ten weeks ago I saw an 83-year-old man in consultation, who had consulted his family physician because of a wheeze; the demonstration of a foreign body by x-ray film in the supraclavicular region led to his hospitalization. The patient had no signs of esophageal obstruction, no pain, and no difficulty in swallowing. When I saw him for the first time he had just finished eating a full dinner, and was sitting on the edge of the bed in complete comfort. The patient could not remember what had become of his upper bridge, which he had lost two months earlier. The patient did not appear senile and disclaimed any symptoms of obstruction. An x-ray film had shown (Figure) the missing bridge as a metallic foreign body, projecting downward from the supraclavicular region. Other views showed it to be caught vertically in the upper part of the esophagus near
Calcification of the Aortic Arch
Authors: Carlos Iribarren, Stephen Sidney, Barbara Sternfeld, Warren S. Browner
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextCalcium deposits in coronary and extracoronary arterial beds may indicate the extent of atherosclerosis. However, the incremental predictive value of vascular calcification, beyond traditional coronary risk factors, is not clearly established.ObjectiveTo evaluate risk factors for aortic arch calcification and its long-term association with cardiovascular diseases in a population-based sample.Design and SettingCohort study conducted at a health maintenance organization in northern California.ParticipantsA total of 60,393 women and 55,916 men, aged 30 to 89 years at baseline who attended multiphasic health checkups between 1964 and 1973 and for whom incidence of hospitalizations and/or mortality data were ascertained using discharge diagnosis codes and death records through December 31, 1997 (median follow-up, 28 years).Main Outcome MeasureHospitalization for or death due to coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, or peripheral vascular disease, as associated with aortic arch calcification found on chest radiograph at checkup from 1964-1973.ResultsAortic arch calcification was present in 1.9% of men and 2.6% of women. It was independently associated with older age, no college education, current smoking, and hypertension in both sexes, but it was inversely related to body mass index and family history of myocardial infarction. In women, aortic arch calcification was also associated with black race and elevated serum cholesterol level. After adjustment for age, educational attainment, race/ethnicity, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, serum cholesterol level, hypertension, diabetes, and family history of myocardial infarction, aortic arch calcification was associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (in men, relative risk [RR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.45; in women, RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.38). Among women, it was also independently associated with a 1.46-fold increased risk of ischemic stroke (95% CI, 1.28-1.67).ConclusionIn our population-based cohort, aortic arch calcification was independently related to coronary heart disease risk in both sexes as well as to ischemic stroke risk in women.
Proteasomal regulation of βc signaling reveals a novel mechanism for cytokine receptor heterotypic desensitization
Authors: Margarita Martinez-Moczygemba, David P. Huston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

IL-5, IL-3, and GM-CSF are hematopoietic cytokines that are key mediators of the allergic inflammatory response. The receptors for these three cytokines consist of a cytokine-specific α (Rα) chain and a shared common β (βc) chain. Herein, we demonstrate that agonistic ligation of these receptor subunits rapidly induces proteasomal degradation of the βc, but not the Rα, cytoplasmic domain, resulting in termination of signal transduction and yielding a truncated βc isoform ligated to the Rα subunit. Proteasomal degradation of the βc cytoplasmic domain was also a prerequisite for endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of the ligated receptor subunits. Moreover, proteasome-dependent termination of signaling induced by one βc-engaging cytokine resulted in cellular desensitization to signal transduction by subsequent stimulation with another βc-engaging cytokine. These data provide the first evidence for ligand-dependent proteasomal degradation of the βc cytoplasmic domain, and they establish a novel mechanism for heterotypic desensitization of shared cytokine receptor signaling.