tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Value of hormonal levels in patients with male androgenetic alopecia treated with finasteride: better response in patients under 26 years old
Authors: F.M. Camacho, M.J. García-Hernández, J.L. Fernández-Crehuet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Finasteride is a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor that has proved to be an effective treatment for men with androgenetic alopecia.To investigate the hormonal influence of finasteride 1 mg daily on hormonal levels and hair growth in men of different ages and with different degrees of alopecia according to the Hamilton-Norwood scale.Two hundred and seventy men aged 14-58 years with male androgenetic alopecia III-VI Hamilton-Norwood score (II-III Ebling score) were treated with finasteride 1 mg daily. Steroid hormone (free testosterone, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate, delta4-androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and sebum levels, and trichogram changes were determined at baseline, and at 6 and 12 months of treatment.According to significant hormonal statistical analysis, the patients were divided by age (up to or over 26 years). In the group of patients<or=26 years, higher levels of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone were found at the beginning of the treatment, but there was a 50% decrease between the onset of treatment and month 12, particularly noticeable at 6 months (P<0.05) of treatment, running parallel to an improvement of the alopecia and an increase of anagen hairs in the trichogram. At 1 year, PSA levels decreased 20%, particularly in patients>26 years. No variations in sebum levels were observed.High levels of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone in patients<or=26 years at the beginning of treatment are a predictive factor of good response to treatment with finasteride 1 mg daily.
Fatal oxprenolol poisoning.
Authors: A Khan, J M Muscat-Baron
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Deep-tissue factors-Provided the turgor of the deep tissues is sufficiently low, swelling of the epidermis will lead to wrinkling.Turgor is high when the sympathetic tone is low and the vessels are dilated.Thus in sympathec- tomised hands, which are typically warm, dry, and swollen, the tissue turgor is too great to allow the swelling of the epidermis to lead to wrinkling.Wrinkling will also fail to occur when sufficient oedema is present.We suggest that the phenomenon of finger wrinkling may be of value in the diagnosis and assessment of patients in whom autonomic neuropathy is suspected.The test is easy to apply and, unlike the Valsalva manoeuvre or loss of sinus arrhythmia, reflects peripheral rather than cardiac sympathetic denervation.We thank Mr D A Bailey for allowing us to study his patients.
Exhaled breath condensate: a space odessey, where no one has gone before...
Authors: P. Rosias, C. Robroeks, J. Hendriks, E. Dompeling, Q. Jöbsis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

To the Editor: 

We read with great interest the editorial of Rahman 1 on the reproducibility of oxidative stress biomarkers in breath condensate. As a consequence, we would like to share some of our thoughts, as ultimately, we all may want to walk on planet Mars. However, this does not mean that we are already able to lift off, as many methodological problems first need to be properly addressed. Similarly, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is an interesting …
The Potential Role of Computers in Medical Practice
Authors: William R. Best
Journal: JAMA (1962)

It is predicted that digital electronic computers will assume an increasingly important role in medicine. Present models employ a variety of input, memory, and output devices for processing alphabetical and numerical information. Internally stored programs control movement of data, logical comparisons, and mathematical operations. An illustrative FORTRAN program concerned with anemia and uremia is presented. Computer centers now compile summary data on hospital admissions, analyze complicated research data, and index medical publications. Hospitals will increasingly employ smaller computers for business and research purposes and for the facilitation of patient care. Future programs, in all probability, will facilitate communication and record-keeping in the hospital, relieve the physician of much routine history-taking, calculate diagnostic probabilities, and indicate those diagnostic and therapeutic procedures most likely to benefit the patient.
Verapamil around electrical cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation: results from the VeRAF study
Authors: Giovanni L. Botto, Giuseppina Belotti, Antonio Cirò, Vigilio Ziacchi, Massimo Romanò, Antonio Sagone, Alessandro Politi, Massimo Pala, Daniela Barbieri, Francesco Lo Presti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Hepatitis B virus replication in chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Anna S. F. Lok, Oliver C. K. Ma
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

We studied the frequency of hepatitis B virus replication in Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA could be detected in the sera of 28% and 47% of 116 HBsAg-positive patients, but not in the sera of 15 HBsAg-negative patients. Replicative forms of hepatitis B virus DNA were detected in the neoplastic and nonneoplastic liver tissues from 34% and 62% of 29 HBsAg-positive patients and 0% and 20% of five HBsAg-negative patients by Southern blot hybridization analysis. Of the 10 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in whom hepatocellular carcinoma developed during follow-up, hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B virus DNA were detected in the sera of seven and eight patients, respectively, at presentation, 13 to 43 mo before the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. In nine patients, hepatitis B virus DNA was persistently or intermittently detected in the serum during follow-up. Five patients remained hepatitis B e antigen-positive and seven were detectable for hepatitis B virus DNA in serum when hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed. Four patients had one or more episodes of exacerbations before the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma; in three, the exacerbations were associated with changes in level of hepatitis B virus replication. Our study demonstrated that despite the long interval between the onset of hepatitis B virus infection and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatitis B virus replication persisted in most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, albeit at a low level. (Hepatology 1990;12:582-588).
Occupational Asthma in a Pulmonary Functions Laboratory
Authors: Laurence Fuortes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1989Occupational Asthma in a Pulmonary Functions LaboratoryLaurence Fuortes, MDLaurence Fuortes, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-11-952_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In response to a recent paper by Drs. Kern and Frumkin (1), I report an ironic consequence of environmental lung disease research. Recently two of three research associates doing methacholine challenges at our institution for clinical research projects reported symptoms suggestive of an occupational asthma syndrome.Initially, one research associate reported feeling sympathetic, bronchospastic symptoms along with the research subjects. When the other two research associates were queried, one reported similar chest tightness after doing methacholine challenges. This second person also described nasal congestion, sneezing, and chest tightness on challenge-testing subjects for various inhalational antigens (ragweed and...Reference1. KernFrumkin DH. Asthma in respiratory therapists. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110;767-73. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Laurence Fuortes, MDAffiliations: The University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1989Volume 111, Issue 11Page: 952-952KeywordsAntigensEmotionsLungsOccupational asthmaPulmonary functionResearch laboratoriesResearch reporting guidelinesSneezingThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
A5.14 Homocitrulline-Reactive Antibodies can be Generated from Synovial B-Cells from ACPA-Negative RA Patients
Authors: Fiona Murray, Lena Israelsson, Johanna Steen, Khaled Amara, Jing Shi, Lars Klareskog, Leendert Trouw, Vivianne Malmström
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Roughly two-thirds of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients carry antibodies, so-called ACPA, against peptides containing citrulline, a post-translationally modified version of the amino acid (AA) arginine in their sera and/or affected joints. A recent study reported the presence of antibodies against a different kind of post-translationally modified AA, homocitrulline, also known as carbamylated proteins (CarP), where lysine residues are altered by a non-enzymatic reaction involving cyanate. The authors reported IgG antibodies recognising homocitrullinated fibrinogen in the sera of &gt;45% of RA-patients and that 16% of ACPA-negative patients carried such anti-CarP antibodies. Furthermore, in vivo studies describe that immunisation of mice with homocitrulline-containing peptides induced erosive arthritis. Thus, homocitrulline represents an interesting immune target in the context of RA. Therefore, we aimed to assess the proportion of anti-CarP antibodies sourced from the joints of RA patients with active disease. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Using a single B cell-based cloning technology to isolate the immunoglobulin (Ig) genes from joint-derived IgG+ CD19+ B-cells, we then co-transfected the paired heavy and light chains into a human cell line and produced recombinant monoclonal antibodies from each individual B cell. This approach has previously allowed for the generation of citrulline-reactive monoclonal antibodies. Here, we analysed for reactivity to carbamylated (homocitrullinated) fibrinogen and compared to its counterpart unmodified fibrinogen, by ELISA. So far, we have analysed 42 monoclonal antibodies from three ACPA-positive patients and one ACPA-negative patient, for homocitrulline reactivity. <h3>Results</h3> Between six and eleven antibodies were tested for homocitrulline activity for the ACPA-positive patients and eleven were examined for the ACPA-negative patient. All clones screened for CarP-reactivity were negative for citrulline binding. Antibodies were made up to concentrations of 5 ug/ml down to 0.63 ug/ml in a 4-step dilution. So far, one antibody displayed reactivity to the carbamylated peptide and this antibody originated from the ACPA-negative patient. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although the frequency of anti-CarP reactivity amongst the 42 antibodies examined does not match that previously reported for sera, the finding of one anti-CarP antibody from an ACPA negative patient, does support the earlier finding of significant frequencies of anti-Carp antibodies amongst ACPA-negative patients. It will be of great interest to expand the investigation for anti-Carp specificities, particularly among ACPA-negative patients and determine whether these antibodies could have pathological effects in RA patients.
Training needs of postgraduates in dental general anaesthesia.
Authors: D W Sarll, H L Goldwater
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Questionnaires given to 25 dentists and eight doctors attending a course on dental general anaesthesia showed that only four of the eight doctors had a diploma in anaesthetics. One of the doctors and eight of the dentists had had no postgraduate instruction in anaesthesia. More short courses of postgraduate instruction should be provided and some of these should be designed for the team of dental operator, anaesthetist, and dental surgery assistant.
Chloroquine-resistant malaria in West Malaysia.
Authors: T. P. McKelvey, A. R. Lundie, E. D. Williams, H. S. Moore, D. E. Worsley
Journal: BMJ (1968)

cleared relapsed and required dapsone again, and of the three patients whose dapsone requirements had fallen two needed an increased dose in order to control the skin lesions.The changes that occurred in the macroscopic appearances of the small intestine, in the heights of the intestinal villi and of the surface epithelial cells, in faecal fat excretion, and in serum and red cell folate levels as a result of the diet, and their reversal on reintroducing gluten, were all compatible with gluten sensitivity.These recent findings will be reported in full elsewhere, but to our mind they demonstrate that in a number of patients the skin disorder is influenced by a gluten-free diet, and that there is a direct relationship between the gut and the skin in dermatitis herpeti- formis.The fact that in some patients the skin lesions do not improve with a gluten-free diet does not negate the fact that they do improve in others.It was apparent from our studies that improvement in the skin disorder in response to the gluten-free diet may take a considerable time.Failure of other workers to observe improvement in the skin condition on gluten withdrawal may be due to: inadequate length of time on the gluten-free diet; failure of the patient to keep strictly to the diet ; and, since the enteropathy in idiopathic steator- rhoea or in dermatitis herpetiformis does not always respond to a gluten-free diet, pre-sumably, therefore, by analogy, the skin lesions cannot be expected to respond in all patients with dermatitis herpetiformis.Since idiopathic steatorrhoea is known to have a genetic basis7 it is likely that the gluten sensitive enteropathy in dermatitis herpetiformis will also have a genetic basis; nevertheless this does not exclude the possibility that a similar or related acquired defect is responsible for both lesions.-Weare, etc.,
A 66-Year-Old Woman With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Mark A. Peppercorn
Journal: JAMA (1998)

DR PARKER: Mrs F is a 66-year-old woman troubled by loose, bloody bowel movements. A retired professor of psychology, widowed and with 1 son, she remains active professionally and socially. She has both Medicare and commercial indemnity insurance coverage. She first noticed blood on the toilet tissue in 1993. In 1994, a flexible sigmoidoscopy for hematochezia revealed a “friable appearance, edema, and a granular appearance in the rectum.” Biopsy results showed “chronic active colitis, severe without granulomas or dysplasia.” She was diagnosed with ulcerative proctitis. Subsequently, a flexible sigmoidoscopy showed extension of disease above the rectum. Initially,Cortenemaswerehelpful,butlosttheirefficacyover time. She finds the unpredictable urgency to defecate increasingly bothersome, and fears traveling to places without easily accessible bathrooms. She has not experienced fever, weight loss, or significant abdominal pain. She is not certain if prednisone taken for her severe asthma has improved her colitis. In 1996, she started taking warfarin sodium for chronic atrial fibrillation after unsuccessful cardioversion. She had an increase in loose stools with frank bleeding, at times up to 9 stools daily. Often, she wears pads to protect herself from fecal incontinence. Mrs F expresses some concern about the increased risk of colon cancer, but seems more troubled by the thought of a colostomy and how it might affect her sexual life and activities such as swimming. Her asthma remains severe with a peak flow between 150 to 200 L/m. In 1997, Mrs F suffered 2 bouts of pneumonia, and therefore felt less willing to entertain the idea of immunosuppressive drugs. Her medical history includes anaphylaxis to several food dyes, and an exacerbation of her asthma with aspirin, which has precluded the use of any aspirin-containing drugs for her colitis. Family history is notable for her sister being diagnosed with Crohn disease in her 60s. Her current medications include prednisone 10 mg daily, digoxin 0.25 mg daily, warfarin 5 mg daily, albuterol 2 puffs 4 times daily, zileuton 1200 mg twice daily, verapamil hydrochlorideasneeded,andepinephrine injection0.3mgasneeded. On physical examination, her vital signs are normal. Lungs reveal wheezing with prolonged expiration. Cardiac examination findings reveal an irregularly irregular rhythm with a grade I/VI systolic murmur. Her abdomen is slightly distended, with normal bowel sounds and without tenderness or masses. Hematocrit and sedimentation rate are normal. In summary, Mrs F has escalating symptoms of colitis and is intolerant or unable to take many of the usual medications such as mesalamine or 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) due to allergies or her concerns about immune suppression. Her rectal bleeding is complicated by her need for anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation. She feels that the quality of her daily life is impaired by the unpredictability of loose, bloody bowel movements. She and her physicians are weighing the risks and benefits of further medical therapy vs surgical intervention.
21st Century Miracle Medicine: RoboSurgery, Wonder Cures, and the Quest for Immortality
Authors: Alexander A. Levitan
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This book is a guide to the practice of medicine and healing in the next century. The author, Alexandra Wyke, PhD, is a managing editor at<i>The Economist</i>, a British weekly publication comparable to<i>Forbes and Business Weekly</i>. Dr Wyke's degree is in biochemistry, and she has had 20 years' experience reporting on health care matters. By utilizing her contacts in fields of health care and experimental science, she has hypothecated a scenario for the practice of medicine in the future. Wyke does not have a particularly high opinion of contemporary physicians and medical practice despite her recent delivery of a son "through whom I was recently able to experience firsthand the vagaries of medicine as well as the potential it clearly has to offer." She begins by pointing out that "the doctoring fraternity had become only too accustomed to escaping medical negligence suits on the grounds that
The Government Hospital for the Insane.
Authors: C. A. Drew
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Bridgewater, Mass., Sept. 19, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof September 2, an unsigned letter was published, under the above heading, which, for fairness' sake, I wish to review. The ostensible object of the letter was to express condemnation of a "vicious" system of appointment, which, according to the writer, secures Incompetent men as chief executives of insane asylums. If the writer's premises were correct, if it were a fact, that "few of them (superintendents) before appointment, have had either practical or theoretic experiences in the treatment of mental or nervous disease," he would deserve the thanks of the profession generally, and particularly of those assistant physicians who are doing painstaking medical work in the hospitals for the insane, for his so-called "arraignment" of their chiefs. But because his premises are only true in exceptional cases, his conclusions are invalid. A brief letter is sufficient to formulate a
941 JTK-652 IS A NOVEL HCV ENTRY INHIBITOR: RESULTS OF A PHASE 1 STUDY EVALUATING SAFETY, TOLERABILITY AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS
Authors: J. de Bruijne, J. Bergmann, C. Weegink, K. van Nieuwkerk, R. de Knegt, J. van de Wetering de Rooij, A. van Vliet, R. Molenkamp, J. Schinkel, H. Reesink, H. Janssen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
INFLUENCE OF RESECTION OF THE CERVICAL SYMPATHETICIN OPTIC-NERVE ATROPHY, HYDROPHTHALMOS AND EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER.
Authors: JAMES MOORES BALL
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>I. SYMPATHETICECTOMY IN OPTIC-NERVE ATROPHY.</h3><h3>History.</h3> —Excision of the cervical portion of the sympathetic nerve for the relief of optic-nerve atrophy was proposed and executed by the writer in 1899. (The date of the first operation was June 24.) <h3>Report of Cases.</h3> —A report of this case was included in a paper<sup>1</sup>which was read before the Ninth International Ophthalmologic Congress, in 1899. From that paper I now quote: T. J., aged 46, an inmate of the St. Louis City Hospital, a laborer, was admitted on account of blindness. There was no history of syphilis, rheumatism nor any systemic disease. The patient was of limited mentality. No history of his family could be obtained. He claimed to have had good health all his life, with the exception of an attack of malarial fever several years ago. The patient has been a moderate drinker of alcoholic beverages. In appearance he was robust, and
Persistence of multiple illnesses in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers: a cohort study
Authors: Juan P Wisnivesky, Susan L Teitelbaum, Andrew C Todd, Paolo Boffetta, Michael Crane, Laura Crowley, Rafael E de la Hoz, Cornelia Dellenbaugh, Denise Harrison, Robin Herbert, Hyun Kim, Yunho Jeon, Julia Kaplan, Craig Katz, Stephen Levin, Ben Luft, Steven Markowitz, Jacqueline M Moline, Fatih Ozbay, Robert H Pietrzak, Moshe Shapiro, Vansh Sharma, Gwen Skloot, Steven Southwick, Lori A Stevenson, Iris Udasin, Sylvan Wallenstein, Philip J Landrigan
Journal: The Lancet (2011)
Factors influencing cardiopulmonary effects of inhaled nitric oxide in acute respiratory failure.
Authors: L Puybasset, J J Rouby, E Mourgeon, P Cluzel, Z Souhil, J D Law-Koune, T Stewart, C Devilliers, Q Lu, S Roche
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The aim of this prospective study was to determine factors influencing effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on the pulmonary circulation and on gas exchange in critically ill patients with acute lung injury. Twenty-one hypoxemic patients with acute respiratory failure (PaO2 = 127 +/- 69 mm Hg during intermittent positive pressure ventilation, FiO2 = 1), were mechanically ventilated with 2 ppm NO and pure oxygen. The effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on alveolar recruitment was assessed on an anatomic basis using a high-resolution and spiral thoracic computed tomographic (CT) scan. Four conditions were studied in random order: zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), ZEEP + 2 ppm NO, 10 cm H2O PEEP, 10 cm H2O PEEP + 2 ppm NO. During ZEEP and PEEP, NO significantly decreased pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP), true pulmonary shunt (Qs/QT), and alveolar dead space (VDA/VT) and significantly increased PaO2 (p < 0.01). During ZEEP, NO-induced decreases in PVRI (delta PVRI) and MPAP (delta MPAP) were significantly correlated to baseline PVRI and MPAP (delta PVRI = -0.5 PVRI + 125, r = 0.97, p < 0.01 and delta MPAP = -0.28 MPAP + 4.8, r = 0.69, p < 0.05). These changes were not potentiated by PEEP-induced alveolar recruitment. The NO-induced increase in PaO2 (delta PaO2) was not significantly correlated with baseline PaO2 but was correlated with baseline PVRI (delta PaO2 = 0.11 PVRI + 30, r = 0.67, p < 0.05). In patients in whom PEEP was associated with alveolar recruitment, NO increased PaO2 by 66 +/- 24 mm Hg during ZEEP and by 104 +/- 26 mm Hg during PEEP (p < 0.01). In patients in whom PEEP did not induce alveolar recruitment, the NO-induced increase in PaO2 was similar during ZEEP and PEEP conditions (+70 +/- 15 mm Hg versus +76 +/- 12 mm Hg, NS). In patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome, factors determining NO-induced improvement in arterial oxygenation and pulmonary vascular effects are PEEP-induced alveolar recruitment and the baseline level of pulmonary vascular resistance.
LDH/Caspase Ratio in Nasal-Wash Fluid as a Marker of Disease Severity in Bronchiolitis
Authors: R. Mehta, K. Patel, A. Jewell, K. Jennings, M. Scheffler, L. Aideyan, R. Garofalo, P. Piedra
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)