tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Pharmacologic Approach to the Critically III Patient
Authors: Robert F. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This is an extremely important and informative book for anyone involved in the care of critically ill or injured patients. Its 900 + pages contain virtually everything a physician would like to know about any drugs that might be used in an intensive care unit (ICU). Section I (183 pages) deals with pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, and the alterations in dosing and drug choices required with various types of organ failure. The chapters on pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular adreno-receptors are a bit complex, but then so is the subject. Section II (118 pages), dealing with resuscitation pharmacology, reviews the agents used for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, drugs for central nervous system protection, colloids vs crystalloids, anesthetic agents, blood and blood components, red blood cell substitutes, and thrombolytic therapy. I thought that the "Crystalloid-Colloid" chapter was a bit skimpy, and it did not mention the current work on hypertonic saline. In the "Anesthetic" section, I would
THE FREQUENT DEPENDENCE OF INSOMNIA, MENTAL DEPRESSION AND OTHER NEURASTHENIC SYMPTOMS UPON DISEASE OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT.
Authors: BOARDMAN REED
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The group of nerve derangements formerly classed under the terms nervous exhaustion and nervous prostration, and of late more appropriately labeled neurasthenia, is after all a rather vague and indeterminate entity. It has not yet any recognized pathology, and even its etiology is still in dispute. There are not wanting authors, now, who insist that neurasthenia is only another name for toxemia, and that the ptomaines and leucomaines absorbed from an infected or diseased alimentary canal are responsible for all the symptoms which it has so long been the fashion to ascribe to mental overstrain, sexual excesses or other prodigal waste of the vital and nerve forces. Still others believe that too much food and too little exercise—too much alimentation and not enough oxygenation—cause an overcharging of the blood with uric acid, as well as other products of suboxidation, and that hence arise all or most of these nerve ills
Pulmonary Edema Caused by Nitrofurantoin.
Authors: Robert H. Frankenfeld
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Pulmonary Edema Caused by Nitrofurantoin.Robert H. Frankenfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert H. Frankenfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1055_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPulmonary edema is a derangement of fluid balance in the pulmonary vasculature with causes and mechanisms more complex than mere failure of the left ventricle. Indeed, many instances occur in the presence of a normal heart. One of the unusual causes of pulmonary edema is sensitivity to nitrofurantoin. This is a specific response to this drug and is not related to other pulmonary reactions to drugs, such as asthma or pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia.Five patients with this reaction are described, two of whom underwent hemodynamic study. The typical reaction consists of fever and pulmonary edema and is frequently confused... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert H. Frankenfeld, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Long Beach, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDrug-Induced Respiratory Disease in Connective Tissue DiseasesChronic Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) Pulmonary ReactionPleuropneumonic Reactions to NitrofurantoinPULMONARY REACTION TO NITROFURANTOINAllergic Pulmonary Complications During Treatment with NitrofurantoinChronic Nitrofurantoin Pulmonary Reaction 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1055-1055KeywordsAsthmaDrugsEdemaEosinophiliaFeversHeartHemodynamicsLeft ventricle ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Medecins Sans Frontieres faces new challenges
Authors: H. Bower
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The international president of Medecins Sans Frontieres, Doris Schopper , tells Hilary Bower that she wants her organisation to have a louder voice in humanitarian issues. She hopes to do this without losing the spontaneity, individual commitment, and creativity of MSF



Doris Schopper knows voluntary organisations need to change

MSF



Non-governmental health organisations (NGOs) have burgeoned in recent years and none more so than Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF). From a single French branch with a handful of people in 1971, MSF now has branches in 19 countries and sends 2400 people on operations each year to work with 15000 local staff.

But the challenges that Doris Schopper, the organisation's international president, foresees are not restricted to questions of size and logistics. Along with those running other NGOs, she faces the pressing task of redefining the role of voluntary organisations in a rapidly changing political and social environment.

One of the most frightening changes is the increasing climate of insecurity in which volunteers work. This loss of respect for the neutrality of humanitarian work is due partly to the disappearance of the division between East …
Unusual Cases in Multiple Myeloma and a Dramatic Response in Metastatic Lung Cancer
Authors: Carlos Montalban, José Martín-Aresti, José Luis Patier, Juan Martinez-San Millan, Mónica García Cosio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

of antibodies to cytokeratins, CD138, and and immunoglobulin light chains.Considering the coexistence of PCM and hormone-responsive metastatic breast carci-noma, the treatment included a standard regimen for PCM, followed by maintenance therapy in association with hormonal therapy for breast cancer.
Upregulation of Estrogen Receptor-α Expression in Rabbit Cardiac Allograft
Authors: Hong Lou, Mary Beth Martin, Adriana Stoica, Peter W. Ramwell, Marie L. Foegh
Journal: Circulation Research (1998)

Estrogen receptor (ER) expression has been detected in different tissues, and estradiol-17beta treatment protects against experimental transplant arteriosclerosis. In this study, ER-alpha expression in the rabbit hearts and attached aortas before and after cardiac-aorta allograft transplantation was examined. Ten male New Zealand White rabbits were transplanted with cardiac-aorta allografts from male Dutch Belted rabbits. This transplant arteriosclerosis model uses a 0.5% cholesterol diet and immunosuppression with cyclosporin A (10 mg . kg-1 . d-1) until euthanatization 42 days later. The cardiac grafts with the attached aorta were harvested. Strong staining of ER-alpha protein was shown in the coronary arteries of the cardiac allografts by immunohistochemistry with the use of a mouse anti-human ER-alpha monoclonal antibody (ID5). In contrast, both the nongrafted hearts of the recipients and donor hearts expressed only weak staining. RNase protection assay with the use of a 32P-labeled ER-alpha antisense riboprobe (pOR 300) proved that the basal expression of ER-alpha mRNA is similar in the nongrafted aorta of both recipients and donors. A marked increase of ER-alpha mRNA was observed in the allograft aorta compared with the nongrafted aorta (289+/-69%, P<0. 02) by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. The DNA sequence analysis confirmed that the polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragment corresponded to ER-alpha. This is the first observation of ER-alpha upregulation in the allograft vasculature and may relate to the allograft cardiovascular protective effects of estrogen.
Torsion of the Testicle in Childhood
Authors: Richards P. Lyon
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In 5 out of 16 cases of testicular torsion the torsion was temporarily corrected in the office by manipulation under local anesthesia. Four patients were between 32 and 60 years old and insisted on carrying out corrective manipulation themselves. In 6 of the 12 patients under 21 years of age the scrotal swelling was discovered in the morning after a night's sleep. In only 3 of the 12 was severe pain associated with the initial torsion. At operation, the anomalous attachment of the tunica vaginalis on the affected side was also found on the contralateral side in 6 cases. Hence the author recommends that correction of the torsion on one side should be followed by immediate contralateral orchiopexy. Since sepsis is rare and a testicle damage by torsion may retain some endocrine activity, orchiectomy is to be avoided.
Excessive β-Blockade With Timolol Eye Drops-Reply
Authors: Timi Edeki
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We are pleased to read of Dr Kalenak's and Dr Novack's interest in our study. We have difficulty understanding the issue that Kalenak is raising regarding power calculations. Power calculation is used, and was used in our study, to predict the sample size likely to be required to detect a significant difference between two groups—frequently, as Kalenak says, at 80% power. In reporting clinical trials, the validity of a negative study is compromised by a sample size that is insufficiently large to allow confidence in a demonstrated lack of difference between the two groups. Our study, of course, was not negative but, in fact, revealed a highly significant difference between our two groups in keeping with our prestudy sample size calculation. His second point seems to argue against his first. To perform the study described, or any study for that matter, it is important to limit the variables
Ancestry and pharmacogenetics of antileukemic drug toxicity
Authors: Shinji Kishi, Cheng Cheng, Deborah French, Deqing Pei, Soma Das, Edwin H. Cook, Nobuko Hijiya, Carmelo Rizzari, Gary L. Rosner, Tony Frudakis, Ching-Hon Pui, William E. Evans, Mary V. Relling
Journal: Blood (2007)
Comparison of Thrombolysis Followed by Broad Use of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for ST-Segment–Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nicolas Danchin, Pierre Coste, Jean Ferrières, Philippe-Gabriel Steg, Yves Cottin, Didier Blanchard, Loïc Belle, Bernard Ritz, Gilbert Kirkorian, Michael Angioi, Philippe Sans, Bernard Charbonnier, Hélène Eltchaninoff, Pascal Guéret, Khalife Khalife, Philippe Asseman, Jacques Puel, Patrick Goldstein, Jean-Pierre Cambou, Tabassome Simon
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Intravenous thrombolysis remains a widely used treatment for ST-elevation myocardial infarction; however, it carries a higher risk of reinfarction than primary PCI (PPCI). There are few data comparing PPCI with thrombolysis followed by routine angiography and PCI. The purpose of the present study was to assess contemporary outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients, with specific emphasis on comparing a pharmacoinvasive strategy (thrombolysis followed by routine angiography) with PPCI.This nationwide registry in France included 223 centers and 1714 patients over a 1-month period at the end of 2005, with 1-year follow-up. Sixty percent of the patients underwent reperfusion therapy, 33% with PPCI and 29% with intravenous thrombolysis (18% prehospital). At baseline, the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score was similar in thrombolysis and PPCI patients. Time to initiation of reperfusion therapy was significantly shorter in thrombolysis than in PPCI (median 130 versus 300 minutes). After thrombolysis, 96% of patients had coronary angiography, and 84% had subsequent PCI (58% within 24 hours). In-hospital mortality was 4.3% for thrombolysis and 5.0% for PPCI. In patients with thrombolysis, 30-day mortality was 9.2% when PCI was not used and 3.9% when PCI was subsequently performed (4.0% if PCI was performed in the same hospital and 3.3% if performed after transfer to another facility). One-year survival was 94% for thrombolysis and 92% for PPCI (P=0.31). After propensity score matching, 1-year survival was 94% and 93%, respectively.When used early after the onset of symptoms, a pharmacoinvasive strategy that combines thrombolysis with a liberal use of PCI yields early and 1-year survival rates that are comparable to those of PPCI.
Model of outcomes of screening mammography: Information needs to support informed choices
Authors: Peter C G⊘tzsche, Karsten J J⊘rgensen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—Barratt et al report that for every 1000 women screened from the age of 50 over 10 years, two fewer will die from breast cancer and 13 more will be diagnosed with breast cancer (corresponding to 63% more cancers, which mostly constitute overdiagnosis).1 Similarly, we found that for every woman who …
Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis Associated with Gold-Induced Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Marin H. Kollef, Thomas Irvine, W. Hal Cragun
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1988Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis Associated with Gold-Induced Pulmonary DiseaseMARIN H. KOLLEF, M.D., CPT, THOMAS IRVINE, M.D., CPT, W. HAL CRAGUN, M.D., LTCMARIN H. KOLLEF, M.D., CPTSearch for more papers by this author, THOMAS IRVINE, M.D., CPTSearch for more papers by this author, W. HAL CRAGUN, M.D., LTCSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-6-903_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gold is commonly used for treating rheumatoid arthritis. We report a case of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with gold-induced pulmonary disease.A 63-year-old Japanese woman was hospitalized for progressive shortness of breath. Four months before, the patient was treated with sulindac, 200 mg twice daily, for a presumptive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis manifested by wrist pain. She was consequently treated with four intramuscular sodium aurothiomalate injections over a 2-month period. Two weeks after the last injection, she had a diffuse urticarial skin eruption.An arterial blood gas at admission showed a PaO2of 25 mm Hg. A...References1. SHAPIROGAMBLEWIESNER RCK. Immunopathogenesis of Libman-Sacks endocarditis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1977;36:508-16. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BIDANIROBERTSSCHWARTZLEWIS AJME. Immunopathology of cardiac lesions in fatal systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med. 1980;69:849-58. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LEHTOSTENMANSOMER VST. Immunohistochemical studies on valvular vegetations in nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand. 1982;90:207-11. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySystemic gold therapyPulmonary Disease Due to Antirheumatic AgentsMetals 1 June 1988Volume 108, Issue 6Page: 903-904KeywordsArterial blood gasArterial partial pressure of oxygenDyspneaEndocarditisPainPulmonary diseasesRheumatic painRheumatoid arthritisSodium Issue Published: 1 June 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3877: Temporal Trends in Permanent Pacemaker Implantation: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Daniel Z Uslan, Imad M Tleyjeh, Larry M Baddour, Paul A Friedman, Sarah M Stoner, Jennifer L St Sauver, David L Hayes
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objective: To describe temporal trends in incidence and comorbidities of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation over the past 30 years. Methods: Using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Pr...
Endoscopic Preoperative Colonic Tattooing: A Clinical and Surgical Complication
Authors: P. Dell'Abate, A. Iosca, A. Galimberti, P. Piccolo, P. Soliani, E. Foggi
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Endoscopic colonic tattooing is the simplest and most economic technique for identifying small lesions or polypectomy sites during open and laparoscopic surgery. Moreover, it is useful for the endoscopic follow-up of polypectomy sites. India ink is the agent of choice because of its long-lasting stain and the low risk of adverse reaction and toxicity. Very few cases of complications have been reported. We report here the case of a patient in whom colonic tattooing in preparation for surgical resection was followed by clinical complications such as fever and abdominal pain. An abscess-type inflamed pseudotumor was found at laparotomy. Histological examination revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation.
Association Between Unreported Outcomes and Effect Size Estimates in Cochrane Meta-analyses
Authors: Toshi A. Furukawa, Norio Watanabe, Ichiro M. Omori, Victor M. Montori, Gordon H. Guyatt
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vitamin D Therapy and Cardiac Function in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Costas Fourtounas
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Europe and America forge health links
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The European Union is developing a further dimension to its public health policy this year as it establishes several cooperative ventures with the United States. The green light for the new partnership came at last December's summit in Madrid. Most attention focused on the new political and business agenda being endorsed, but the declaration signed by President Bill Clinton, his European Commission counterpart, Jacques Santer, and the Spanish premier, Felipe Gonzalez, also laid down avenues of cooperation in other areas.

One of these was in health. The transatlantic partners are now committed to developing and implementing an effective global early warning system and response network to help to fight communicable diseases such as AIDS and the Ebola virus. At the …
A STUDY OF THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN ACUTE POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Francis R. Fraser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

The spinal fluid in the cases of acute epidemic poliomyelitis examined was usually clear, colorless, and did not appear to be under any great increase of pressure. It showed changes in the number of cells present, or in the globulin content, or in both, in the majority of cases examined on the first few days after onset of symptoms. The number of cells was usually highest during the first week, and in one case reached the figure of 1,221 per cubic millimeter. The globulin reaction was usually most marked during the third week. The number of cells diminished rapidly and was above normal in only 32 per cent. of the cases in the third week. The increase in the globulin reaction persisted to the fourth week and might be present for a considerably longer period. The cell increase was due almost invariably to mononuclear cells of various types. The lymphocytic type of cell was the most common. A high polymorphonuclear count was noted in the very early stages. All the fluids reduced Fehling's solution. The examination of the spinal fluid may be of value in diagnosis in the preparalytic stages and in abortive cases. It is not of value in prognosis as to life or ultimate recovery.
Reproducibility of Hemoglobin A_Ic and Sensitivity to Various Degrees of Glucose Intolerance
Authors: P. J. DUNN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

To establish a normal range of hemoglobin (Hb) AIc, and ascertain the sensitivity and reproducibility of this test, three groups were studied: patients with suspected diabetes undergoing a standard oral glucose tolerance test, diabetic outpatients, and subjects with normal carbohydrate tolerance studied on two separate occasions. In Group 1, the mean Hb AIc (± SD) in 165 carbohydrate-tolerant subjects was 4.97 ± 0.50% and the normal range was the mean ± 2 standard deviations (4.0 to 6.0%). The mean Hb AIc (± SD) of the 63 carbohydrate-intolerant subjects was 6.45 ± 1.14, significantly greater than the normal subjects. In both subgroups, Hb AIc correlated significantly with the fasting blood glucose but not with the glucose areas of the oral glucose-tolerance test. In Group 2, the Hb AIc values were normal in 39% of those diet treated, 10% of those on oral agents, and none of those on insulin therapy. In Group 3, the mean coefficient of variation of the two Hb AIc values for each subject was 6.86% but was 7.15% for the fasting blood glucose. These findings suggest that Hb AIc is highly reproducible and responsive to minor degrees of abnormality of glucose tolerance and may provide an alternative method for defining carbohydrate tolerance or the degree of blood sugar control.
POSSIBILITIES OF IMPROVED THERAPY FOR CANCER PATIENTS
Authors: CARL VOEGTLIN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

It is indeed an honor to have been invited by Dr. Cowdry and the Board of the Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital to give the second Barnard Hospital Lecture, particularly because St. Louis is one of the oldest and most important centers of experimental and clinical cancer research in the country.  Since I am a laboratory worker, it was with some misgiving that I agreed to speak to you on the possibilities of improved therapy for cancer patients. However, I shall deal mainly with fundamental principles of therapy, and these are essentially the same, whether they arise in the clinic or in the experimental laboratory. It is my aim to discuss, briefly and as objectively as possible, various points which to my mind may lead to improvements in cancer therapy. These may be grouped into two broad classes: first, the more widespread application of known methods and their improvements;
Mapping Biopsy Procedure on Management of Severe Buruli Ulcer Due to<i>Mycobacterium ulcerans,</i>Subspecies<i>shinshuense</i>
Authors: Toshifumi Takahashi, Noriki Fujimoto, Gen Nakanishi, Norihisa Ishii, Toshihiro Tanaka
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)