tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of interferon- release assay testing for the treatment of latent tuberculosis
Authors: R. Diel, P. Wrighton-Smith, J-P. Zellweger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The aim of the present study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the new T-SPOT.TB assay versus the tuberculin skin test (TST) for screening contacts for latent tuberculosis (TB) infection in Switzerland. Health and economic outcomes of isoniazid treatment of 20- and 40-yr-old close contacts were compared in a Markov model over a 20-yr period following screening with TST only (at three cut-off values) and T-SPOT.TB alone or in combination with the TST. T-SPOT.TB-based treatment was cost-effective at (Euro)11,621 and (Euro)23,692 per life-year-gained (LYG) in the younger and older age group, respectively. No TST-based programmes were cost-effective, except at a 15-mm cut-off in the younger group only, where the cost-effectiveness ((Euro)26,451.LYG(-1)) fell just below the willingness-to-pay threshold. Combination of the TST with T-SPOT.TB slightly reduced the total cost compared with the T-SPOT.TB alone by 4.4 and 5.0% in the younger and older groups respectively. The number of contacts treated to avoid one case of TB decreased from 50 (95% confidence interval 32-106) with the TST (10-mm cut-off) to 18 (95%CI 11-43) if T-SPOT.TB was used. Using T-SPOT.TB alone or in combination with the tuberculin skin test for screening of close contacts before latent tuberculosis infection treatment is highly cost-effective in reducing the disease burden of tuberculosis.
C-reactive protein, ESR, and klebsiella in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: P Cowling, R Ebringer, D Cawdell, M Ishii, A Ebringer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

Serum C reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured on 469 occasions in 149 patients with ankylosing spondylitis who had also been investigated for faecal carriage of klebsiella/enterobacter species on the same occasions. Raised values of CRP and ESR correlated with each other (P less than 0.001) as well as with clinically assessed active disease episodes (P less than 0.001). Patients with positive cultures for klebsiella were found to have higher mean values for CRP and ESR than those with negative cultures (P less than 0.025). CRP appears to be a useful marker of disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis.
3-Adrenergic receptor Trp64Arg polymorphism and increased body mass index in sleep apnoea
Authors: J. Piérola, A. Barceló, M. de la Peña, F. Barbé, J. B. Soriano, A. Sánchez Armengol, C. Martínez, A. Agustí
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Obesity is an important risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The substitution of tryptophan 64 with arginine (Trp64Arg) polymorphism (Arg variant) of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) has been associated with obesity. In this study, the prevalence of the Trp64Arg ADRB3 polymorphism in a large group of patients with OSAS and its association with body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance and hypertension were evaluated. ADRB3 genotype was determined in 387 patients with OSAS and 137 healthy subjects recruited from three Spanish tertiary hospitals. The distributions of the ADRB3 genotypes were similar in OSAS and controls, and, in a multivariate model, the risk of OSAS was not associated with the presence of the Arg variant of the ADRB3 gene. However, BMI was higher in those patients with OSAS who carried this genetic variant than in those with the Trp variant. Furthermore, a linear trend for higher BMI was found in those with the Arg variant (56, 75 and 100% for Trp/Trp, Trp/Arg and Arg/Arg, respectively). Insulin resistance, blood pressures and serum levels of lipids and glucose were not associated with the presence of the Arg variant of the ADRB3 gene. The presence of the arginine 64 allele of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor gene does not increase the risk of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, but is associated with the development of obesity in those patients who suffer obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
Expert group calls for more funding to tackle malaria
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

European Union donors need to increase their funding to antimalaria programmes fourfold if the ultimate target of defeating the disease is to be achieved, says a study from the European Alliance Against Malaria.

Since 2004, global funding for malaria control has increased considerably and by 2007, the most recent year for which complete data are available, had reached $1.5bn (£920m; €1.1bn). However, the report by the alliance, a group of European civil society organisations, warns that this will be insufficient to meet the millennium development goal of halting by 2015 and beginning …
GPs want more help and training in sick note certification
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Most general practitioners have had no training in sick note certification, and some doctors want the responsibility for issuing sick notes to be removed from GPs altogether, finds a survey of almost 1000 GPs in the United Kingdom.

The findings are based on 878 (42%) completed questionnaires out of 2154 sent to a random sample of GPs between June and August 2008 in a bid to provide hard data on the sick note certification practices of GPs and their views on how the process might be changed ( Fam Pract 2009; doi:10.1093/fampra/cmp096).

The mean number of weekly sick notes …
An exquisite cross-control mechanism among endothelial cell fate regulators directs the plasticity and heterogeneity of lymphatic endothelial cells
Authors: Jinjoo Kang, Jaehyuk Yoo, Sunju Lee, Wanli Tang, Berenice Aguilar, Swapnika Ramu, Inho Choi, Hasan H. Otu, Jay W. Shin, G. Paolo Dotto, Chester J. Koh, Michael Detmar, Young-Kwon Hong
Journal: Blood (2010)
Ellie: A Child's Fight Against Leukemia
Authors: Alvin M. Mauer
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In this book, the author has described the story of a 4-year-old girl from the time of her diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to a period six months beyond a bone marrow transplantation done after her first relapse. The book was copyrighted in 1982, and its medical aspects are reasonably up to date and accurate. Certainly, one would not go to this book for a treatise on therapy for ALL or a discussion of the role of bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of leukemia. The medical aspects, however, are presented in such a fashion that they are accessible to a lay person, yet not so oversimplified as to lose a sense of validity in presentation. Much of the book is given over to describing the reactions and responses of the various people involved. Certainly, children and families behave in variable ways, and the author makes no attempt to
Inhibition of rotavirus replication by a non-neutralizing, rotavirus VP6–specific IgA mAb
Authors: Ningguo Feng, Jeffrey A. Lawton, Joana Gilbert, Nelly Kuklin, Phuoc Vo, B.V. Venkataram Prasad, Harry B. Greenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Rotaviruses are the leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in young children. Intestinal mucosal IgA responses play a critical role in protective immunity against rotavirus reinfection. Rotaviruses consist of three concentric capsid layers surrounding a genome of 11 segments of double-stranded RNA. The outer layer proteins, VP4 and VP7, which are responsible for viral attachment and entry, are targets for protective neutralizing antibodies. However, IgA mAb’s directed against the intermediate capsid protein VP6, which do not neutralize the virus, have also been shown to protect mice from rotavirus infection and clear chronic infection in SCID mice. We investigated whether the anti-VP6 IgA (7D9) mAb could inhibit rotavirus replication inside epithelial cells and found that 7D9 acted at an early stage of infection to neutralize rotavirus following antibody lipofection. Using electron cryomicroscopy, we determined the three-dimensional structure of the virus-antibody complex. The attachment of 7D9 IgA to VP6 introduces a conformational change in the VP6 trimer, rendering the particle transcriptionally incompetent and preventing the elongation of initiated transcripts. Based on these observations, we suggest that anti-VP6 IgA antibodies confers protection in vivo by inhibiting viral transcription at the start of the intracellular phase of the viral replication cycle.
Allergen recognition patterns in a Dutch hazelnut allergic population in relation to reactivity patterns as observed during double blind placebo controlled food challenges (DBPCFC)
Authors: Marjolein Wensing, Jaap Akkerdaas, Sue L Hefle, AH Penninks, Carla Bruijnzeel-Koomen, AC Knulst, Ronald Van Ree
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
A Randomized Phase II Trial Assessing in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Stable Disease after Two Courses of Cisplatin-Gemcitabine an Early Modification of Chemotherapy Doublet with Paclitaxel-Gemcitabine Versus Continuation of Cisplatin-Gemcitabine Chemotherapy (GFPC 03-01 Study)
Authors: Alain Vergnenègre, Julie Tillon, Romain Corre, Fabrice Barlési, Henri Berard, Jean-Marc Vernejoux, Hervé Le Caer, Pierre Fournel, Benoit Marin, Christos Chouaïd
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Cardiac Arrythmias during Laparoscopy
Authors: P. Steptoe, F. N. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1972)

large enough to be able to guarantee prompt return of work to the firms supplying the work.In a small unit of this type this would be quite inconsistent with the requirement to provide as great a variety of work as possible.So far as local authority hostels are concerned the suggestion is that these should be quite small and should not be concentrated in one place.To staff scattered small units would be very much more ex- pensive in staff than in existing units.Has the Department really faced the financial implications of this? Recruitment of StaffThere are also problems of staff recruitment and training.Would the smaller general hos- pital units receive approval as training centres from the Royal College of Psychia- trists or the General Nursing Council?There is the further problem of career prospects in psychiatric nursing.Many psychiatric nurses fear that general nurses understand psychiatric nursing so little that the general hospital nursing hierarchy would not allow them to do their job.For instance, they ask would any general hospital matron understand that it is part of mental nursing to organize games or even to play billiards with patients?With the implementation of the Salmon structure it is unlikely that many psychiatric units would be large enough to rank an area nursing officer above Grade 8.This must inevitably deter nurses of the best calibre from entering psychiatry.-Weare, etc.,
Physicians Cite Problems With EHRs
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Account of a Specimen Consisting of the Whole Bony Labyrinth, Separated by Necrosis, and Removed as a Sequestrum from a Child: With Remarks upon Similar Cases
Authors: W. Pye
Journal: BMJ (1885)

THE specimen here shown is one which I lately presented to the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, and I have to thank the Curator for his permission to exhibit it.It is, I think, of in- terest in other ways besides the mere fact of its rarity, although it does not appear that any metropolitan museum now contaiins a similar or parallel specimen.A moment's inspection of the preparation (Figs. 1 and IA) will enable it to be recognised as consisting of almost the whole of the left laby- rinth, and of the labyrinth only.The tympanic cavity, the three semicircular canals, and the cochlea, are presenit in almlost their whole extent, and with a lens the details of the scale, the lamina spiralis, etc., can be very beautifully seen.t~~~~~~~~~.'s ' fiE ;.t*.'.t'w1,;; !t3i Fi.. 1.-Specimen of labyrinth, including the vestibisle, cochllea, and semni- circuilar canals, removed as a sequestrum, Septemiiber 1883 (enlarged).
A First Glimpse at the Early Origins of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Oliver Eickelberg, Gary M. Hunninghake
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

example, HCRIS does not include a Neuroscience ICU category.The Dartmouth Atlas regions also do not account for political and legislative geographic boundaries, nor were they developed to address critical illness or "regionalization" (15) of ICU care.Other confounding factors such as direct hospital competition, health system integration, and use of ICU telemedicine, which may affect ICU bed supply and movement of patients within defined areas, could also not be measured in their data.Notwithstanding these limitations, the present study by Wallace and colleagues (12) highlights the complexity of the critical care bed supply in the United States and offers valuable insights into the changes in critical care beds that occur at the regional level and their relationship to the regional populations.However, future studies investigating hospital, ICU, and insurer characteristics at the national and regional levels are still needed to advance our understanding of the U.S. critical care enterprise.
Partial standing wave formation above an abdominal aortic stenosis
Authors: D. L. NEWMAN, J. R. BATTEN, N. L. R. BOWDEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

Reflection from an arterial discontinuity, such as a stenosis, would be expected to produce partial standing waves of pressure and flow proximal to the stenosis. This phenomenon is demonstrated by determining the amplitude changes of the harmonic components of pressure and flow waves recorded at three sites at different distances from an experimental stenosis of the abdominal aorta in dogs. To minimise the effect of reflections from other arterial sites, such as the peripheral beds, the animals were vasodilated. Impedance and propagation velocity measurements were made to estimate the contribution of peripheral reflections in the harmonic components of the aortic pressure and flow pulses. In general, the peripheral contribution appeared to be small for harmonics greater than the first. The results indicate that, for the 'closed' type of reflection at the stenosis, a pressure antinode and a flow node occur immediately proximal to the stenosis. As the distance from the stenosis to the measurement site is increased, nodes and antinodes of pressure and flow occur at frequencies which correspond to integer multiples of λ/4. Similar fluctuations take place in the impedance modulus proximal to the stenosis, such that close to the stenosis the modulus is a maximum, at the λ/4 distance the modulus is a minimum and at the λ/2 distance it is again a maximum. The extent of these impedance changes with distance indicates that the attenuation of the reflected, backwardgoing waves is greater than found for forwardgoing waves and that the diagnostic assessment of a vascular obstruction by means of a proximal measurement of pressure or flow may be subject to error if the measurement is not made close to the obstruction.
Accuracy of Serum Protein Estimations and their Diurnal Variations
Authors: M. Dyson, G. Plaut
Journal: BMJ (1943)

JOURNALand ultra-violet irradiation will help to improve calcium meta- bolism, while infra-red rays often give much relief from pain.Breathing exercises are of the greatest importance in preventing, so far as is possible, the tendency of the costo-vertebral joints to ankylose; they also have a beneficial effect on the general condition.Deep x-ray therapy has been credited with good results in some cases.I have not found drugs of any service except for relief of pain, for which aspirin, or in severe cases tab.codein.co., will be useful.Gold, as already stated, is quite ineffective in the adolescent form, and the same may be said for vaccines.
Abstract 3607: MET inhibitor sensitivity and resistance
Authors: Rebekka Krumbach, Gerhard Kelter, Armin Maier, Heinz-Herbert Fiebig, Thomas Beckers
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract MET, the receptor for HGF regulates proliferation, migration and metastasis of tumor cells. However, similar to EGFR-targeted drugs, highly sensitive tumors are rare, and the reasons for response to MET targeting agents are not yet clear. In this study we identified patient-derived tumor xenografts and cell lines sensitive to the clinically developed small molecule MET inhibitors SGX-523, PF-04217903 and JNJ-38877605. Two different assays were applied, namely a monolayer assay measuring cell proliferation and a soft agar assay measuring colony formation of xenografts derived tumor cells ex vivo. In the monolayer assay out of a panel of 42 cell lines of 15 histotypes only the Asian gastric cancer cell line MKN45 was strongly affected by MET inhibition. The NSCLC cell lines LXFA 526L and LXFL 1121L showed moderate inhibition. In the colony formation assay 68 tumors of 15 histotypes were tested. The most sensitive tumor was the xenograft GXA MKN45, which was potently inhibited by all compounds. Other tumors sensitive to at least two of the MET inhibitors were from various tumor entities: NSCL adenocarcinoma (LXFA 526, LXFA 1647) and large cell carcinoma (LXFL 1121), renal cancer (RXF 616) and liver cancer (LIXF 658). Consistent with the function of MET in anchorage independent growth, the growth inhibiting effect of the compounds on tumor cells was more pronounced in the colony formation assay compared to the monolayer assay, highlighting the importance of a three dimensional matrix for MET inhibitor efficacy. Molecular characterization of the tumors was done to understand the basis for sensitivity or resistance. We identified LXFA 526 and LXFA 1647 with high levels of phosphorylated MET, whereas LXFL 1121 produces large amounts of the ligand HGF. Nevertheless, tumors like LXFL 1176 or RXF 1220 with activated MET were resistant. LXFL 1176 carries an activating mutation of KRAS which could cause independence from MET signaling. For tumors which responded only weakly to small molecule MET inhibitors, combinations of MET inhibitors with selected standard-of-care chemotherapeutic drugs and targeted agents were studied and data are presented. In conclusion, only selected NSCL and gastric cancer are sensitive to MET inhibition due to defined genetic alterations. Although MET inhibitors are not broadly active as single agents, combinations with selected drugs have high clinical potential. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3607. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3607
A Statistical Appraisal of the Serum Protein-Bound Iodine as a Test of Thyroid Function
Authors: Morris E. Dailey, J. Richard Skahen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THIS study was designed to ascertain the clinical usefulness of the serum protein-bound iodine as a gauge of thyroid function.Material and MethodFor this purpose we reviewed the records of a group of consecutive patients seen in this clinic, in all of whom the levels of serum protein-bound iodine had been measured.§ Without knowledge of the levels reported, we classified each case as euthyroid, hypothyroid or hyperthyroid. Cases were not included if the clinician had failed to make an unequivocal statement regarding thyroid function, if the patient had taken organic iodine compounds (such as Lipiodol and Priodox) at any . . .
THE AGE OF GRADUATION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: THEODORE HOUGH
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The annual report of the Council on Medical Education and Hospitals to the House of Delegates 1 gives on page 1930 a valuable statistical table of the age of graduation from American medical colleges for the session 1921-1922.  This table gives the age distribution of 2,403 out of the total of 2,529 graduates of this year, and shows that the average or mean age of graduation is 26.8 years. The Council's report also calls attention to the significant fact that all but one of the fifteen colleges having the lowest age average are Class A institutions, while four of the fifteen medical schools having the highest age averages are rated in Class B or Class C; from which is drawn the conclusion that the average age does not depend so much on the amount of premedical education as on the acceptance of older students who have previously been engaged in
Familial Resemblance of Asthma Severity in the EGEA* Study
Authors: ISABELLE PIN, VALÉRIE SIROUX, CHRISTINE CANS, FRANCINE KAUFFMANN, JEAN MACCARIO, CHRISTOPHE PISON, MARIE-HÉLÈNE DIZIER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONAPPENDIX: THE EGEA COOPER...ReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Agonistic anti-Fas antibodies induce glomerular cell apoptosis in mice in vivo
Authors: S. Gonzalez-Cuadrado, C. Lorz, R. García del Moral, F. O'valle, C. Alonso, F. Ramiro, A. Ortiz-Gonzalez, Jesus Egido, A. Ortiz
Journal: Kidney International (1997)