tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival of Dopaminergic Neurons in Fetal-Tissue Grafts
Authors: Barry J. Hoffer, Craig van Horne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The possibility of implanting tissue in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease to alleviate motor deficits has been the focus of multiple international research efforts for the past several years and has generated much public interest. The initial optimism about the clinical benefit of autologous implants in the adrenal medulla was based on moderate clinical improvements reported in the Journal in 1987.1 This optimism diminished when the results of subsequent studies proved to be inconsistent and showed limited survival of the grafted material. Meanwhile, data from animals with motor abnormalities similar to those that occur in patients with Parkinson's . . .
Evaluation of the effect of performance monitoring and feedback on care process, utilization, and outcome.
Authors: D B Petitti, R Contreras, F H Ziel, J Dudl, E S Domurat, J A Hyatt
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

We evaluated a program of performance measurement and monitoring by assessing care process, utilization of services, and outcomes.Information on 63,264 diabetic individuals who were continuously enrolled as members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California from 1 January 1994 to 31 December 1997 was used to evaluate the program. Time trends in testing for glycemic test and control and screening for dyslipidemia, use of lipid-lowering drugs, and microalbuminuria were evaluated as measures of care process. Time trends in hospitalization, outpatient appointments, prescriptions, and laboratory tests were evaluated as measures of utilization. Outcomes were hospitalization for myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and lower-limb amputation.Between 1994 and 1997, improvements were evident in the process measures. The mean number of hospitalizations and the mean and median number of outpatients visits did not change. The mean number of laboratory tests increased from 13.2 in 1994 to 23.6 in 1997. The mean number of prescriptions for any medication increased from 19.7 to 24.3. Hospitalization rates for myocardial infarction did not change, but rates increased for ischemic stroke and lower-limb amputation.Our findings suggest that measurement and monitoring of clinical performance can bring about modest improvements in measures of the processes of care in the absence of financial incentives, centrally driven interventions, and specialty care for all patients. In our setting, process improvements were associated with higher utilization of laboratory services and more prescriptions without an immediate return in terms of lower hospital utilization.
An 85-Year-Old Woman With a History of Falls, 1 Year Later
Authors: Thomas L. Delbanco
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In March 1996, Dr Lewis Lipsitz discussed an 85-year-old woman who had fallen several times in the preceding year.<sup>1</sup>Mrs R had symptoms of spinal stenosis and peripheral neuropathy. She complained at times of dizziness and vertigo, with neurologic and radiographic evaluation yielding a diagnosis of benign positional vertigo. There was no evidence for cardiac arrhythmia. Dr Lipsitz discussed the prevalence and etiology of falls in the elderly. He contrasted factors related to age with those related to disease. He described a strategy for the orderly evaluation of elderly patients with falls or near-falls, and outlined treatment and preventive techniques shown useful in managing the complex issues these patients and their physicians face. In the year following the conference, Mrs R underwent physical therapy, focusing on improving both balance and strength. Subsequently, she fell once, for no clear reason, and was unhurt. A month before this report, she fell
Role of Sp Proteins in Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Proliferation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Maen Abdelrahim, Roger Smith, Robert Burghardt, Stephen Safe
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Sp proteins play an important role in angiogenesis and growth of cancer cells, and specificity protein 1 (Sp1) has been linked to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in pancreatic cancer cells. RNA interference was used to investigate the role of Sp family proteins on regulation of VEGF expression and proliferation of Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells. Using a series of constructs containing VEGF promoter inserts, it was initially shown that Sp1 and Sp3 were required for transactivation, and this was primarily dependent on proximal GC-rich motifs. We also showed that Sp4 was expressed in Panc-1 cells, and RNA interference assays suggested that Sp4 cooperatively interacted with Sp1 and Sp3 to activate VEGF promoter constructs in these cells. However, the relative contributions of Sp proteins to VEGF expression were variable among different pancreatic cancer cell lines. Small inhibitory RNAs for Sp3, but not Sp1 or Sp4, inhibited phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein, blocked G0/G1 → S-phase progression, and up-regulated p27 protein/promoter activity of Panc-1 cells; similar results were observed in other pancreatic cancer cells, suggesting that Sp3-dependent growth of pancreatic cancer cells is caused by inhibition of p27 expression.
THE VALUE OF ROUTINE URINE EXAMINATION.A STATISTICAL INQUIRY.
Authors: M. H. FUSSELL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

If an excuse for writing a paper of the above title is necessary, it may be found in an article published inThe Journalof the American Medical Association. March 18-25, 1905, by Dr. Richard C. Cabot, Boston. The title of that paper is: "A Clinical Examination of the Urine. A Critical Study of the Commoner Methods." The last two paragraphs of the paper are as follows: "The attempt to estimate the anatomic condition of the kidney by the measurement of albumin and the search for casts is fallacious in the extreme." "The most reliable data about the urine are those most simply and quickly obtained, the twenty-four hour quantity, the specific gravity and the color." To quote the title of the paper and these last paragraphs alone is to make it appear that Dr. Cabot believes that clinical examination of the urine is "fallacious in the extreme." As a
Less-Is-More Approach May Work for Detecting Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Steven Benowitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Currents15 October 1997Less-Is-More Approach May Work for Detecting Cancer RecurrenceSteven BenowitzSteven BenowitzSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Researchers have been taking a critical look at follow-up surveillance for cancer survivors. Their findings call for a shift from reliance on repetitive laboratory and radiographic tests to an emphasis on regular history taking and physical examinations coupled with patient education about recognizing signs of recurrence and contacting the medical provider if symptoms develop.“With the exception of testicular cancer, the value of aggressive routine follow-up testing, characterized by frequent radiologic and biochemical testing, is questionable,” wrote Martin J. Edelman, MD, and colleagues in a critical review of the literature on eight types of cancer (J Gen Intern Med. 1997; ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCancer Care During COVID-19 Era: The Quality of Life of Patients With Thyroid MalignanciesOn completion of curative treatment of head and neck cancer: why follow up? 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_1Page: 661-662 Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
High ambient temperature: a spurious cause of hypokalaemia
Authors: P W Masters, N Lawson, C B Marenah, L J Maile
Journal: BMJ (1996)

During the exceptionally hot summer of 1995 we noticed an increase in the number of cases of hypokalaemia reported by this laboratory among patients seen in general practice, though quality control data showed that the laboratory's methods and performance had not changed. Samples are collected from surgeries once a day and delivered by van to the laboratory, often several hours after venepuncture. We postulated that the high ambient temperature in the interim was directly responsible for the increase in hypokalaemia by stimulating cellular uptake of potassium.

Daily means for plasma potassium concentrations for samples from this hospital and general practices were obtained separately from the laboratory computer for the period 1 January to 10 August 1995. These means were compared with the maximum daily dry bulb temperatures recorded at the Nottingham …
Abstract 3122: Her4 and Her2/neu tyrosine kinase domains dimerize and activate in a reconstituted <i>in vitro</i> system
Authors: John Monsey, Wei Shen, Paul S. Schlesinger, Ron Bose
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Her4 (ErbB-4) and Her2/neu (ErbB-2) are receptor tyrosine kinases belonging to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) family. Crystal structures of EGFR and Her4 kinase domains have demonstrated kinase dimerization and activation through an allosteric mechanism. The kinase domains form an asymmetric dimer, where the C-lobe surface of one monomer contacts the N-lobe of the other monomer. In vitro studies of EGFR tyrosine kinase dimerization and activation were previously reported using a nickel-chelating lipid - liposome system, and we now demonstrate this system can be broadly applied to all other members of the EGFR family. Polyhistidine tagged-Her4, Her2/neu, and Her3 kinase domains are bound to these nickel-chelating lipid containing liposomes and are brought to a high local concentration, mimicking what happens to the full-length receptors in vivo following ligand binding. Addition of Nickel-liposomes to Her4 kinase domain results in a 40-fold activation in kinase specific activity and a marked enhancement in C-terminal tail autophosphorylation. Activation of Her4 shows a sigmoidal dependence on kinase concentration, consistent with a cooperative process that requires kinase dimerization. Her2/neu kinase activity is also activated by Nickel-liposomes, and further increases in Her2/neu activity are achieved by heterodimerization with either Her3 or Her4. The ability of Her3 and Her4 to heterodimerize and activate other family members is studied in vitro. Her3 kinase domain readily activates Her2/neu but is a poor activator of Her4, which differs from the prediction made by the asymmetric dimer model, and suggests that the mode of dimerization of Her3 needs to be further studied. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3122.
Modulation of monocyte Mo2 surface antigen expression by exposure to respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: M. A. Baumann, C. C. Paul, C. Stokes, J. M. Bernstein
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract The Mo2 antibody recognizes a monocyte‐specific cell surface antigen of unknown function. Upward modulation of Mo2 surface epitope density was demonstrated in response to 72‐hr culture of monocytes with respiratory syncytial vcirus (RSV), but this was not seen after culture with phytohemagglutinin or other respiratory viruses. Monoclonal antibody probes for RSV proteins were used to demonstrate probable replication of RSV proteins in peripheral blood monocytes and pulmonary alveolar macrophages. These data provide possible clues to the biologic role of the Mo2 antigen.
Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia in a Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatto)
Authors: Daniel P. Rosenberg, Rachel Morecki, Lance O. Lollini, Joy Glaser, Charles E. Cornelius
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Extrahepatic biliary atresia was observed in a 6-week-old female rhesus monkey. Jaundice and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia were detected at the age of 6 days and persisted throughout life. At 6 weeks of age, the diagnosis of extrahepatic biliary atresia was established at exploratory laparotomy, and bile duct remnants were biopsied. Histological examination of these specimens showed inflammatory and fibrosing lesions similar to those observed in humans with extrahepatic biliary atresia. Because of serologic evidence of Reovirus 3 infection in human patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia, serum of the affected monkey was tested for antibodies to this virus. Three sequential serum samples obtained during the course of illness showed persistently high Reovirus 3 titers which are consistent with but do not prove concurrent Reovirus 3 infection. This report represents the first documented case of spontaneous extrahepatic biliary atresia in a nonhuman primate and suggests that this species may be suitable for further investigation of the pathogenesis of this disease.
Nonpermissive HLA-DPB1 mismatch increases mortality after myeloablative unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Joseph Pidala, Stephanie J. Lee, Kwang Woo Ahn, Stephen Spellman, Hai-Lin Wang, Mahmoud Aljurf, Medhat Askar, Jason Dehn, Marcelo Fernandez Viña, Alois Gratwohl, Vikas Gupta, Rabi Hanna, Mary M. Horowitz, Carolyn K. Hurley, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Adetola A. Kassim, Taiga Nishihori, Carlheinz Mueller, Machteld Oudshoorn, Effie W. Petersdorf, Vinod Prasad, James Robinson, Wael Saber, Kirk R. Schultz, Bronwen Shaw, Jan Storek, William A. Wood, Ann E. Woolfrey, Claudio Anasetti
Journal: Blood (2014)
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) at the interface of neurology and psychiatry
Authors: Nolan R. Williams, Michael S. Okun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging interventional therapy for well-screened patients with specific treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric diseases. Some neuropsychiatric conditions, such as Parkinson disease, have available and reasonable guideline and efficacy data, while other conditions, such as major depressive disorder and Tourette syndrome, have more limited, but promising results. This review summarizes both the efficacy and the neuroanatomical targets for DBS in four common neuropsychiatric conditions: Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, major depressive disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Based on emerging new research, we summarize novel approaches to optimization of stimulation for each neuropsychiatric disease and we review the potential positive and negative effects that may be observed following DBS. Finally, we summarize the likely future innovations in the field of electrical neural-network modulation.
Schizophrenia in Identical Twins-Reply
Authors: N. V. B. Manyam
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Nagy is correct in saying that symptoms like hallucinations, paranoid delusions, and loose associations alone are not adequate to diagnose schizophrenia. Having intended the presentation as a BRIEF REPORT, we did not elaborate on case histories in detail. The twins were single, showed psychiatric symptoms before the age of 30 years, and had poor premorbid social adjustments, no history of alcohol or drug abuse before onset of symptoms, and no manic or depressive symptoms. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was based on the accepted criteria, and twins' cases had been followed up for more than 18 years. Their conditions have been evaluated by more than one group of psychiatrists, who concur with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. The twins' psychiatric symptoms and clinical course are in keeping with diagnostic criteria as recommended by Feighner et al.<sup>1</sup>
RGD inclusion in VP3 provides adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2)-based vectors with a heparan sulfate-independent cell entry mechanism
Authors: Wenfang Shi, Jeffrey S Bartlett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) has become an attractive vector system for a number of gene therapy paradigms. However, the utility of AAV vectors is often limited by the absence of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), the virus's primary attachment receptor, on the desired target cell population. In order to achieve HSPG-independent gene delivery, several groups have shown that the endogenous tropism of AAV can be expand by genetically altering the viral capsid. However, the parameters of this developing technology have yet to be defined and it has not yet been determined if these modified vectors actually infect cells via these engineered interactions. Previously we constructed a series of insertion mutants spanning the AAV capsid protein gene and identified specific sites that can tolerate the insertion of small exogenous peptides. Here we describe a number of sites within the AAV capsid gene that can be used for the insertion of integrin-targeting peptide epitopes. Incorporation of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide at these sites enables AAV to infect integrin-expressing cells independent of HSPG. Mutant AAV vectors displaying these peptide ligands can be produced to wild-type titer and have been shown to specifically interact with the targeted integrin receptors and mediate infection via this interaction. We report significant increases in gene transfer to Raji, K562, and SKOV-3 cell lines that express integrin, but little HSPG, suggesting that rAAV vectors displaying RGD peptides may be of great utility for treatment of neoplasms characterized by the deficiency of HSPG expression. We have also demonstrated that due to their expanded tropism, these novel vectors are capable of efficient transduction of AAV2-resistant tumors in vivo suggesting that they may offer significant therapeutic advantages.
EPIDURAL CAUDAL ANESTHESIA IN PROSTATIC SURGERY
Authors: HUGH H. YOUNG
Journal: JAMA (1928)

In the choice of an anesthetic in prostatic cases there are several factors of importance to be considered. The first of these is the kidneys. A large proportion of all cases of prostatic hypertrophy are associated with so much back pressure that definite impairment of the kidney function is present. Fortunately, under drainage, generally with a simple urethral catheter, the function rapidly improves and the operation under almost any general anesthetic is fairly free from danger; but there are many cases in which, with the best preoperative care, the kidney is far from normal when operation must be carried out. In such cases ether anesthesia is considered dangerous, nitrous oxide less so, and perhaps ethylene the least of general anesthetics, but in all such cases it would be preferable to operate under some other anesthesia than general. Cardiovascular conditions also occur in a very large percentage of cases. In our
Government should restrict advertising of baby milk products, say campaigners
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Health experts clashed this week over the long term health risks for women who have terminations as the House of Commons science and technology committee launched its inquiry into whether the abortion laws in England and Wales need updating in the light of current knowledge.Doctors who gave evidence at the committee's first session agreed that the research showed that women who have induced abortions are more likely to have premature births in future-and the more terminations they have, the greater the risk.But there was disagreement about whether abortion increases the risk of mental health problems in later life and whether women who have terminations are more prone to breast cancer.The MPs are considering whether medical research indicates that the 24 week normal cut-off point for abortion should be reduced.The Pro-Life Alliance wants the upper limit cut to 20 weeks, but the BMA says that the number surviving at 24 weeks is still "extremely small" and argues that the limit should stay as it is.There were 193 000 abortions in England and Wales last year, 89% of them performed in the first 13 weeks.The MPs were told that a new study of the most premature babies, EPICure2, was expected to find no evidence of recent improvement in chances of survival.The British Association of Perinatal Medicine said that initial findings from the study did not support arguments for the upper limit to be reduced.Rates of survival for babies born below 24 weeks' gestation in 2006 were 10-15%, the same as in 1995, the association said in a written submission.
The Language of Case Histories
Authors: Keshav Chander
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 May 1998The Language of Case HistoriesKeshav Chander, MDKeshav Chander, MDThe Chicago Medical School; North Chicago, IL 60064Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest Dr. Donnelly's essay on the problematic language practices in case presentations and reports in teaching hospitals [1]. Dr. Donnelly suggests that during group discussions, patients should be presented as “Mr. John Jones” rather than “37-year-old male.” I do not know whether he is talking about a fictitious name, but real names are routinely withheld to preserve a patient's privacy.Another phenomenon is worth mentioning; we like to call it group countertransference. The presentation given in the morning report or during hospital rounds goes something like this: “This is a patient who signed out ...References1. Donnelly WJ. The language of medical case histories. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:1045-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Keshav Chander, MDAffiliations: The Chicago Medical School; North Chicago, IL 60064 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 875-876KeywordsAsthmaHospitalsMyocardial infarction ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 May 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...