tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Utility of Nonenzymatically Glycosylated Blood Proteins as an Index of Glucose Control
Authors: Erwin D Schleicher, Klaus D Gerbitz, Roswitha Dolhofer, Erich Reindl, Otto H Wieland, Edmund Edelmann, Manfred Haslbeck, Wolfgang Kemmler, Helmut Walter, Helmut Mehnert
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

This study compares the utility of nonenzymatically glycosylated serum proteins (lys-GSP) to glycosylated hemoglobins (HbAla−c) as control indices of glucose homeostasis in patients with IDDM. The diagnostic value of lys-GSP was also examined in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance, and in two patients with insulinoma. The intraindividual fluctuation of lys-GSP in normoglycemic subjects is very small, resulting in an interindividual range of 3.0 ± 0.3 lysine-bound glucose/mg protein (x¯ ± SD, N = 52). HbA1a−c with a normal range of 6.4 ± 0.9% (N = 52) shows greater variability. In IDDM there is no overlap of lys-GSP levels between the normal and the diabetic range at the 95% confidence level. In patients treated with an open-loop insulin delivery system failure of normalization of the glucose balance was clearly discernible by an elevation of GSP. In contrast, in about 40% of the patients with incomplete glycemic control the HbA1a−c levels fell within the normal range. The utility of lys-GSP for diagnosis of diabetes is compared with the results of 60 oral glucose tolerance tests. Two patients suffering from insulinoma displayed decreased lys-GSP values. From these results it appears that determination of lys-GSP represents a more sensitive parameter for long-term control than HbA1a−c and is suitable for monitoring even small fluctuations of blood glucose.
The Costs of Preventing Measles-Reply
Authors: Vincent Fulginiti
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Nassau raises the issue of the current costs of vaccines and their rapid rise in the 1980s. The cost of vaccines is one of the factors hampering the nation's ability to provide immunization services. Between 1968 and 1977, more than half of the vaccine manufacturers in the United States ceased production because the vaccine market is considered to be small when compared with drugs and other pharmaceutical products. Product liability has contributed to the increase in vaccine costs. In the early 1980s, increased attention was focused on the adverse events associated with vaccines, especially pertussis. There was a significant increase in the number of suits filed in the United States. In 1985, the number of DTP suits tripled to 225 suits from the previous year's 75; more than 250 suits were filed in 1986. Each of the major pediatric vaccines used in the United States is now
Report of the Topical Calcineurin Inhibitor Task Force of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Authors: Luz Fonacier, Jonathan Spergel, Ernest N. Charlesworth, David Weldon, Vincent Beltrani, Jan Bernhisel-Broadbent, Mark Boguniewicz, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Ode to My Right Hand
Authors: Rae Varcoe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Ad Libitum19 October 2004Ode to My Right HandRae Varcoe, MA, MB, ChB, FRACP, FRCPARae Varcoe, MA, MB, ChB, FRACP, FRCPAFrom Auckland Hospital, Auckland 1, New Zealand.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I feel with youlittle litany of boneshinged on the end of my armsuch an engineering featfrom tips of bitten keratinto your wide tight flexor retinaculumall your componentryhas magic namesfrom repetitive metacarpalsto doggedly different listsof little wrist bones:trapezoid triquetrallunate, hamatecapitate scaphoidpisiformin the muscle listit's your lumbricalswhich elicit affectionand the magisterialflexor digitorum profunduswhich has my admirationall your contiguous tendonsglide so easily in theirsynovial sheaths, restrainedby ingenious ligamentsand powered by muscles as faraway as my elbowthen whipping up ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Auckland Hospital, Auckland 1, New Zealand.Current Author Address: Rae Varcoe, MA, MB, ChB, FRACP, FRCPA, Auckland Hospital, Park Road, Private Bag 92024, Auckland 1, New Zealand. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 8Page: 646KeywordsBoneElbowLigamentsMusclesMyalgiaTendonsThalamus ePublished: 19 October 2004 Issue Published: 19 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Public Attitudes about Health-Care Costs
Authors: Robert J. Blendon, Drew E. Altman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Independent forecasts suggest that despite all that is now being done to slow the growth of U.S. health-care costs — the enactment of prospective payment for Medicare (diagnosis-related groups [DRGs]); increasing enrollment in health-maintenance organizations (HMOs), now 7 per cent of the population; hospital rate setting in 12 states; and other changes — the nation's health-care expenditures will increase from $322 billion in 1982 to $690 billion in 1990 and to $1.9 trillion by the year 2000 (14 per cent of the gross national product).1 , 2 This means an average increase of $50 billion a year and a doubling of the . . .
The "Backpack Sign": Abnormal Findings on Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Imaging
Authors: AHMAD M. ZAHER, HOSAM A. ELZEFTAWY, SLEIMAN NADDAF, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Attempts to decrease fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) uptake in the muscles includes the use of muscle relaxants and complete muscle rest before and after injection of F-18 FDG. Increased uptake in the suprascapular and neck muscles bilaterally was seen with F-18 FDG in a 25-year-old man who was seen because of recurrent osteosarcoma of the cervical spine. He carried a backpack most of the time. He had a repeated F-18 FDG study 2.5 months later after chemotherapy that showed normal uptake in the lower neck muscles bilaterally. At that time the patient was weak from chemotherapy treatment and had stopped carrying his back-pack. This abnormal sign should be remembered when interpreting F-18 FDG images to avoid the misinterpretation of a benign normal variant.
Characterization of polymorphic forms of Fc receptor III on human neutrophils.
Authors: P A Ory, I M Goldstein, E E Kwoh, S B Clarkson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

We characterized Fc receptor III (FcR III) on human neutrophils and found it to be heavily glycosylated and polymorphic. In some individuals, FcR III that had been digested with N-glycanase appeared after SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions as two bands with apparent molecular masses of 33 and 29 kD. In other individuals, N-glycanase-treated FcR III appeared as a single band with an Mr of either 33 or 29 kD. After SDS-PAGE of N-glycanase-treated FcR III under nonreducing conditions, the apparent Mr of each structural type was decreased, suggesting the presence of intramolecular disulfide bonds. Digestion of the 33-kD band and the 29-kD band with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease yielded similar, but not identical, peptide maps. Thus, at least two polymorphic forms of FcR III are expressed on human neutrophils. The structural polymorphism of neutrophil FcR III correlated with previously described antigenic polymorphisms detected by monoclonal antibody Gran 11 and by alloantisera which recognize epitopes of the biallelic, neutrophil antigen (NA) system. Individuals whose neutrophils expressed the two-band structural type of FcR III were NA1NA2 heterozygotes. Individuals whose neutrophils expressed the single 33-kD band structural type were NA2NA2 homozygotes, and individuals whose neutrophils expressed the single 29-kD band structural type were NA1NA1 homozygotes. These findings indicate that antigenic and structural polymorphisms of human neutrophil FcR III are related and can be accounted for by differences at the level of primary protein structure.
<i>CMAJ</i> editorial board members vent anger at lack of openness
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Several members of the editorial board of CMAJ , the journal of the Canadian Medical Association (CMA), were set to resign on Tuesday, as the BMJ went to press, claiming that the association has not been open about its firings of the journal's editor and deputy editor, John Hoey and Anne Marie Todkill.

Philip Devereaux, an assistant professor of medicine at McMaster University and a member of the board, announced the development after the editorial board …
Abstract 5333: EpCAM overexpression in metastasizing gastric carcinomas
Authors: Christian Ensinger, Susanne Reinold, Daniela Galler, Mathias Drach, Carina Hofer
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract EpCAM, a homophilic Ca2+-independent adhesion molecule, is expressed in various epithelial tissues. Especially proliferating tissues or neoplasias show an increasing expression of EpCAM. Since it is found in large quantities in carcinomas, it seemed to be useful as novel therapeutic target for monoclonal and bispecific antibodies raised against the protein. Due to lack of data in gastric carcinomas, we investigated these tumors and their corresponding metastases. Therefore we evaluated the immunohistochemical reactivity of 104 gastric cancers, and their lymph node as well as distant metastases, using the mouse monoclonal antibody ESA by use of a previously defined scoring system for overexpression. Most of the tumour cells showed distinct membraneous reactivity, while normal gastric epithelium as internal control was EpCAM negative. 104 cases presented with an overexpression in 65,39%, without significant correlation to tumour stage or grade (p=0,339), no significant difference to histological growth patterns (according to Lauren) was found (p=0,186). 46,15 % of 26 mucinous carcinomas showed an overexpression, without mucinous parts they had an overexpression of 68 %, resulting in highly significant differences (p = 0.039 - two tailed) in these two groups. 54 primary tumors with metastases were evaluated. 62.96 % of these primary tumours had an EpCAM overexpression. 52 cases with lymph node metastases revealed a positive correlation with high significance (Pearson, p &amp;lt; 0.05). The paired-samples T-test no significance was found (p = 0.283 - two tailed). Comparing primary tumors with distant metastases a proportional relationship between the values was found (Pearson). The t-test brought no significant differences (p = 0.120). Between the lymph node metastases and distant metastases a positive correlation could be seen (Pearson, p = 0.192), without significance in the t-test (p = 0.121). Our study shows an EpCAM overexpression already in early stages of gastric cancers and a significant correlation between the primary tumors and metastases. So it seems to be possible to conclude from the EpCAM evaluation in available tissue of the primum to its metastases, facilitating clinical use of EpCAM-based immunotherapies and provide higher efficiency in the fight against all kinds of metastasizing gastric carcinomas. Recently designed new bispecific monoclonal antibodies are exerting improved therapeutic effects through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity or complement. Also promising results were described for experimental gene therapy using EpCAM-targeted adenoviral vectors in human gastric and oesophageal carcinomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5333. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5333
Cancer services to be radically redeveloped in Britain
Authors: L Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Cancer services in Britain need to be radically redeveloped to give the best possible cure rates and to improve patients' quality of life, says a report from the Expert Advisory Group on Cancer this week. The report, produced by a committee chaired by Dr Kenneth Calman, the chief medical officer, proposes a national network of designated cancer units in district hospitals linked to specialised cancer centres in larger general hospitals.

The report says that while research shows that specialised care improves outcomes in both rare and common cancers, survival rates vary widely throughout Britain. All patients with cancer should benefit from advances in adjuvant treatment and pain control. Cancer services should be patient centred, giving patients clear information about treatment options.

Cancer units will be expected to provide specialist care for patients with malignancies in common sites such as the breast and gastrointestinal tract. “Surgical specialisation in the common cancer sites is essential and a hospital should only seek to function as …
The Ancient Greek Tragedy as a Means of Psychotherapy for Mental Patients
Authors: George Lyketsos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

Some ancient and modern views of the beneficial effects of ancient Greek drama on the psychic processes of human beings are reported. We have used classical drama at the Dromokaition Mental Hospital as a means of psychotherapy for chronic patients since 1959. Beneficial effects noted both during the process of teaching and in performance are here described in brief. Aristotle's view that 'manics' can successfully empathize with tragic heroes and benefit from the sentiments of relief and pleasure which they derive from the events in the tragedy are explored, and the patients' own words are quoted in support of this theory. We claim that ancient drama is not merely a recreational activity for mental patients: on the contrary a unique psychotherapeutic effect is produced by the power of plot and language.
Falling rate of provision of residential care for the elderly.
Authors: E Grundy, T Arie
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The rapid increase in the number of very aged people has not been accompanied by appropriate expansion of local authority residential facilities. The rate of provision in 1976 was already acknowledged to be inadequate, but data are now presented to show that since then there has been an effective fall in the rate of provision of some 9000 places equivalent to, say, 180 old people's homes of 50 places each. The prospects for the future are even gloomier: public spending cuts and local authority priorities suggest a continuing fall in the rate of provision that can be expected to have a profound effect on the National Health Service, on the burden on families, and on the condition in which old people are obliged to remain "in the community" (where support services have likewise failed to keep pace with demographic change).
Tirofiban increases soluble guanylate cyclase in rat vascular walls: pharmacological and pathophysiological consequences
Authors: María P. Ruiz-Torres, Mercedes Griera, Aránzazu Chamorro, María L. Díez-Marqués, Diego Rodríguez-Puyol, Manuel Rodríguez-Puyol
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Our aim was to evaluate whether tirofiban, which mimics the structure of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides, up-regulates soluble guanylate cyclase β1 subunit (sGC-β1) expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and in aorta from rats, and to investigate the pharmacological and pathophysiological consequences of this up-regulation. Wistar, Wistar Kyoto, and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were used. sGC-β1 content was assessed by immunoblotting. Arterial pressure was recorded using a tail-cuff sphygmomanometer. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and isosorbide dinitrate (IDN) were used as nitric oxide (NO) donors. Tirofiban increased the sGC-β1 content in VSMCs and in aortic walls from rats after 6 h of treatment. Rats treated with tirofiban experienced a more pronounced decrease in their arterial pressure after acute SNP treatment than vehicle-treated rats. Isolated rat aortic rings incubated with tirofiban showed a higher relaxing response to SNP than control rings as well as an increased sGC-β1 content and SNP-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate synthesis. Animals receiving IDN for 1 week showed decreased sGC-β1 in aortic walls and did not respond to SNP treatment with changes in arterial pressure. Tirofiban restored the decreased sGC-β1 content in IDN-treated rats and promoted a decreased arterial pressure in response to SNP administration. SHRs showed reduced sGC-β1 levels, and tirofiban increased these levels and led to a higher response to SNP. Tirofiban increased the sGC-β1 content in contractile cells and aortic walls of rats, enhancing the response to SNP and reversing the NO donor tachyphylaxis.
832 SERUM HIGH-MOBILITY GROUP BOX 1 LEVEL IN THE PATIENTS WITH FULMINANT HEPATIC FAILURE AND ITS BLOCKADE EFFECT IN RAT MODEL
Authors: G. Oshima, M. Shinoda, M. Tanabe, A. Takayanagi, T. Miyasho, S. Yamada, H. Ebinuma, K. Takano, Taizo Hibi, K. Suda, H. Obara, H. Takeuchi, S. Kawachi, K. Fukunaga, Toshifumi Hibi, I. Maruyama, Y. Kitagawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Genetic Differentiation Between American and European Drosophila melanogaster Populations Could Be Attributed to Admixture of African Alleles
Authors: G. Caracristi
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

A total of 48 polymorphic microsatellite loci were characterized in 13 Drosophila melanogaster populations originating from Europe, America, and Africa. Consistent with previous results, the African D. melanogaster populations were the most differentiated populations and harbored most variation. Despite an overall similarity, American and European populations were significantly differentiated. Interestingly, genetic distances based on the proportion of shared alleles as well as FST values suggested that the American D. melanogaster populations are more closely related to the African populations than European ones are. We also detected a higher proportion of putative African alleles in the American populations, indicating recent admixture of African alleles on the American continent.
Kinetics of tumor growth and regression in IgG multiple myeloma
Authors: Peter W. Sullivan, Sydney E. Salmon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Studies of immunoglobulin synthesis, total body tumor cell number, and tumor kinetics were carried out in a series of patients with IgG multiple myeloma. The changes in tumor size associated with tumor growth or with regression were underestimated when the concentration of serum M-component was used as the sole index of tumor mass. Calculation of the total body M-component synthetic rate (corrected for concentration-dependent changes in IgG metabolism) and tumor cell number gave a more accurate and predictable estimate of changes in tumor size. Tumor growth and drug-induced tumor regression were found to follow Gompertzian kinetics, with progressive retardation of the rate of change of tumor size in both of these circumstances. This retardation effect, describable with a constant α, may be caused by a shift in the proportion of tumor cells in the proliferative cycle. Drug sensitivity of the tumor could be described quantitatively with a calculation of BO, the tumor's initial sensitivity to a given drug regimen. Of particular clinical significance, the magnitude of a given patient's tumor regression could be predicted from the ratio of BO to α. Mathematical proof was obtained that the retardation constant determined during tumor regression also applied to the earlier period of tumor growth, and this constant was used to reconstruct the preclinical history of disease. In the average patient, fewer than 5 yr elapse from the initial tumor cell doubling to its clinical presentation with from 1011 to more than 1012 myeloma cells in the body. The reduction in total body tumor mass in most patients responding to therapy ranges from less than one to almost two orders of magnitude. Application of predictive kinetic analysis to the design of sequential drug regimens may lead to further improvement in the treatment of multiple myeloma and other tumors with similar growth characteristics.
Cooperative, Nanoparticle‐Enabled Thermal Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Haifa Shen, Jian You, Guodong Zhang, Arturas Ziemys, Qingpo Li, Litao Bai, Xiaoyong Deng, Donald R. Erm, Xuewu Liu, Chun Li, Mauro Ferrari
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2011)

Hollow gold nanoshells are more efficient in heat generation triggered by near infrared laser when they are loaded into porous silicon particles, which results in effective cancer-cell killing in vitro and in vivo. Collective electromagnetic coupling of nanoconfined hollow gold nanoshells leads to dramatic enhancement of thermal ablation.
Heparin after percutaneous intervention (HAPI): a prospective multicenter randomized trial of three heparin regimens after successful coronary intervention
Authors: Maher Rabah, Denise Mason, David W.M Muller, Randal Hundley, Aaron D Kugelmass, Bonnie Weiner, Louis Cannon, William W O’Neill, Robert D Safian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Use of a Teaching Pneumatic Otoscope
Authors: David W. Teele
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Conventional instruction in otoscopy relies on sequential observations of the tympanic membrane by instructor and student. This method is beset with difficulties, including discomfort for the patient, trauma to the external auditory canal, and the inability of the instructor to be sure that the student is seeing the structures described. Particularly difficult to teach with conventional methods is the skill of pneumatic otoscopy. Students must learn the response of the tympanic membrane to varying pressures of air. This mode of sequential examination trains students poorly; interobserver differences are great.<sup>1</sup>Teaching operating microscopes used by otolaryngologists obviate these difficulties, but such devices are large, expensive, and usually unavailable in a pediatric clinic or office. At our request, a teaching pneumatic otoscope was designed and manufactured by Welch-Allyn Inc, Skaneateles Falls, NY (Figure). Two viewing ports allow examination simultaneously by two observers. The instructor can demonstrate specific structures,
A Technique for the Microscopic Study of Blood Vessels in Living Striated Muscle (Cremaster)
Authors: GUIDO MAJNO, VIRGINIA GILMORE, MONIKA LEVENTHAL
Journal: Circulation Research (1967)

A technique is described whereby it is possible to study the vessels of a striated muscle (the rat cremaster) in vivo. In the anesthetized rat, a part of the scrotal skin is excised; the cremaster muscle is exposed and studied by epi-illumination. To improve the optical conditions, a white reflecting surface is brought behind the cremaster through the inguinal canal. Twitching of the muscle may be prevented by the use of a neuromuscular blocking agent. It is also possible to study the blood vessels of the fascia overlying the cremaster. The method may also be applied to the rabbit; it is recommended for short-term studies in which topographic requirements prevail. Its advantages and limitations are discussed.
Platelet Aggregation Test with Measles Antigen in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: M. Panelius, G. Myllyla, K. Penttinen, P. Halonen, U. K. Rinne
Journal: BMJ (1970)

With the measles platelet aggregation test, a new technique recently developed for measuring virus antibody, 153 serum specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis and 164 controls were tested. With one of the three measles antigens used in the test a significantly higher positive rate (P<0.001) was obtained in the specimens from the patients with multiple sclerosis (40%) than in those from the controls (11%). The other two measles antigens also yielded slightly but not significantly higher positive rates in the patients with multiple sclerosis.