tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the Action of Nonsuppressible Insulin-Like Activity on Isolated Rat Fat Cells by Binding to its Carrier Protein
Authors: J. Zapf, E. Schoenle, G. Jagars, I. Sand, J. Grunwald, E. R. Froesch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Nonsuppressible insulin-like activity extracted and purified from human serum (NSILA-S) mimics all insulin-like effects in vitro and, after injection, in vivo in the presence of excess insulin antibodies. However, there is no evidence that it exerts acute insulin-like effects in its native form in the circulation, where it is almost completely bound to a specific large molecular weight carrier protein. In this paper we show that partially purified NSILA-S-carrier protein, devoid of endogenous insulin-like activity, inhibits the stimulatory effect of NSILA-S, but not of insulin, on 3-0-methylglucose transport and on lipogenesis from [U-(14)C]glucose in isolated rat fat cells. Concomitantly, it prevents binding of (125)I-labeled NSILA-S to the insulin receptor and to the NSILA-S-binding site. The following explanation is, therefore, offered for the absence of acute insulin-like effects of native NSILA-S in vivo: In native serum NSILA-S occurs almost exclusively as NSILA-S-carrier complex. According to recent findings the passage of this complex through blood capillaries is restricted. The present results indicate that, in addition, it is metabolically inactive, or, at least, possesses reduced metabolic activity. The well-known phenomenon that whole serum, nevertheless, exerts pronounced nonsuppressible insulin-like effects on adipose tissue in vitro seems, therefore, to be mainly caused by the presence of a large molecular weight insulin-like protein not identical to the NSILA-S-carrier complex.
Androgen Exposure Increases Human Monocyte Adhesion to Vascular Endothelium and Endothelial Cell Expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
Authors: Jane A. McCrohon, Wendy Jessup, David J. Handelsman, David S. Celermajer
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Male sex is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. Owing to the importance of monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in the development of atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that androgens might promote this process. We therefore studied the effects of the nonaromatizable androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on human monocyte adhesion to human endothelial cells and on endothelial cell-surface expression of adhesion molecules.Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were grown to confluence in media supplemented with postmenopausal female serum, then exposed for 48 hours to either DHT (40 and 400 nmol/L), with or without the androgen receptor blocker hydroxyflutamide (HF) (4 micromol/L); HF alone; or vehicle control (ethanol 0.1%). Human monocytes obtained by elutriation were incubated for 1 hour with the HUVECs at 37 degrees C, and adhesion was measured by light microscopy. Compared with vehicle control, monocyte adhesion was increased in the androgen-treated HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner (116+/-6% and 128+/-3% for DHT 40 and 400 nmol/L respectively; P<0.001). HF blocked this increase (P>/=0.3 compared with control). Surface expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules was measured by ELISA and revealed an increased expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the DHT-treated HUVECs (125+/-5% versus 100+/-4% in controls; P=0.002), an effect also antagonized by HF (P>/=0.3 compared with controls). Furthermore, the DHT-related increase in adhesion was completely blocked by coincubation with anti-VCAM-1 antibody. Comparable results were obtained in arterial endothelial cells and in endothelium stimulated with the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha.Androgen exposure is associated with increased human monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, a proatherogenic effect mediated at least in part by an increased endothelial cell-surface expression of VCAM-1.
Prevalence of Conventional Risk Factors in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Umesh N. Khot
Journal: JAMA (2003)

It is commonly suggested that more than 50% of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) lack any of the conventional risk factors (cigarette smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension). This claim implies that other factors play a significant role in CHD and has led to considerable interest in nontraditional risk factors and genetic causes of CHD.To determine the prevalence of the 4 conventional risk factors among patients with CHD.In 2002-2003, we analyzed data for 122458 patients enrolled in 14 international randomized clinical trials of CHD conducted during the prior decade. Patients included 76716 with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, 35527 with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and 10215 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Prevalence of each conventional risk factor and number of conventional risk factors present among patients with CHD, compared between men and women and by age at trial entry.Among patients with CHD, at least 1 of the 4 conventional risk factors was present in 84.6% of women and 80.6% of men. In younger patients (men < or =55 years and women < or =65 years) and most patients presenting either with unstable angina or for percutaneous coronary intervention, only 10% to 15% of patients lacked any of the 4 conventional risk factors. This pattern was largely independent of sex, geographic region, trial entry criteria, or prior CHD. Premature CHD was related to cigarette smoking in men and cigarette smoking and diabetes in women. Smoking decreased the age at the time of CHD event (at trial entry) by nearly 1 decade in all risk factor combinations.In direct contrast with conventional thinking, 80% to 90% of patients with CHD have conventional risk factors. Although research on nontraditional risk factors and genetic causes of heart disease is important, clinical medicine, public health policies, and research efforts should place significant emphasis on the 4 conventional risk factors and the lifestyle behaviors causing them to reduce the epidemic of CHD.
334 HC07 ANRS trial - pilot study of triple therapy by recombinant interferona2A- ribavirin- IL-2 for treatment of nonresponder patients with severe liver disease infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1
Authors: L ALRIC, J IZOPET, S METIVIER, J TKACZUCK, B PIPY, J VINEL
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

1.1. Monoenoic fatty acids (16:1, 18:1, 20:1) were isolated from total brain lipids of fetal, newborn, and adult rats, individual brain phospholipids and the 1 and 2 positions of choline and ethanolamine brain phosphoglycerides of newborn and adult rats, and from total lipids of ox-brain grey and white matter.2.2. Isomer composition was determined by periodate-permanganate oxidation of the double bond and by gas-liquid chromatography of dicarboxylic acid fragments.3.3. The major isomers of 16:1 [(n-10), (n-9), (n-7) and (n-5)], 18:1 [(n-10), (n-9) and (n-7)] and 20:1 [(n-11, (n-9) and (n-7)] were similar in number in all lipids examined, but proportions varied with age, phosphoglyceride type, and position in the phosphoglyceride.4.4. It is suggested that enzymes which control fatty-acid composition of complex lipids in brain can discriminate between these isomers on the basis of doublebond position.
Regulation of the endothelialization by human vascular endothelial cells by ZNF580 gene complexed with biodegradable microparticles
Authors: Changcan Shi, Fanglian Yao, Qian Li, Musammir Khan, Xiangkui Ren, Yakai Feng, Jiawen Huang, Wencheng Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
THE PRODUCTION BY A NEW METHOD OF RENAL INSUFFICIENCY AND HYPERTENSION IN THE RABBIT
Authors: D. R. Drury
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

A simple method is described for the production of renal insufficiency in rabbits by limiting the blood flow through one kidney and later removing the other. Renal insufficiency of any desired degree of severity can be obtained. The limitation of blood flow should be produced by allowing the artery to grow up to the size of a loop of thread laid around it when the rabbit is small. Attempts to reduce the blood flow by constricting the renal artery in the adult rabbit usually result in necrosis of the kidney. The induction of renal insufficiency is usually followed by loss of weight and disturbance of the equilibrium apparatus. Hemorrhages into the intestinal wall and into the lumen of the intestine are frequent. A moderate degree of anemia, as judged from hematocrit readings, comes on very rapidly after reduction in total kidney mass. The total red blood cell volume seems to assume a new and lower level which is maintained for a long time. Hypertension is present before the right kidney ablation and becomes more severe after this operation. A certain degree of hypertension can be produced in adult rabbits by moderate restriction of renal blood flow of one kidney. The severity of this is increased by removal of the other kidney.
Difference between hematological malignancy and Solid tumor research articles published in four major medical journals
Authors: A Chizuka, M Suda, T Shibata, E Kusumi, A Hori, T Hamaki, Y Kodama, K Horigome, Y Kishi, K Kobayashi, T Matsumura, K Yuji, Y Tanaka, M Kami
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
JAMA en Español
Authors: Robert H. Moser
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This monthThe Journalis expanding into a new dimension—a monthly Spanish-language edition. It is published in Barcelona by Editorial Eco, a distinguished publishing house with long experience in medical literature. Each Spanish-language issue will consist of articles chosen from the weekly editions of<i>JAMA</i>and local medical news. The selection is made by the medical editorial staff of Editorial Eco working in conjunction with our Spanish<i>JAMA</i>editorial board. These physicians have been selected on the basis of their reputations as clinicians and investigators of international renown. Many of them were suggested by members of the English-language<i>JAMA</i>editorial board. Proudly we list their names: Dr. Angel Ballabriga Aguado, Dr. Pedro Barceló Torrents, Dr. Joaquín Barraquer Moner, Dr. José Botellá Llusiá, Dr. Ernesto Castillo Martínez, Dr. Sergio Erill Sáez, Dr. Arturo Fernández-Cruz Liñan, Dr. José Gay Prieto, Dr. Francisco González Fusté, Dr. Pedro Laín Entralgo, Dr. Juan Obiols Vié,
Clinical Endocrinology II
Authors: Frederick C. Goetz
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This book is a delight. When a volume entitled<i>Clinical Endocrinology I</i>, was published in 1960, with E. B. Astwood as editor, the use of the Roman numeral implied that the book was the beginning of a series. This meant something to look forward to, for<i>Clinical Endocrinology I</i>had a special flavor not to be found in specialized textbooks. The editors of the second volume point out, with pride which is certainly pardonable, that "copies of the former... are to be found in tatters on the shelves of libraries." We checked our own copy and, sure enough, it was indeed in tatters. This could indicate simply a poor job of book-making by Messrs. Grune and Stratton. Much more likely, it reflects the genuine and lasting usefulness of the book. <i>Clinical Endocrinology II</i>more than matches the expectations which have accumulated in the intervening eight years. Like its predecessor, it
Differential Diagnosis of the Endoscopically Dyed Lesions by Gastroscopic Close-Up Appearances
Authors: Sh. Suzuki, H. Groitl, H. Suzuki, M. Endo, T. Takemoto, K. Nakayama
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

Intestinal metaplasia, cancer and atypical epithelium of the gastric mucosa have been dyed by swallowing one capsule of 100 mg methylene blue or by directly spraying of 0.5% methylene blue under gastroscopio observation. The differential diagnosis of these diseases from the dyed lesions was possible with the endoscopic close-up appearances of the dyed patterns. 1. Intestinal metaplasia was characterized by fine foveolar (sulciolar) dyed figures with three types of the mucosal pattern (elevated, flat and depressed). 2. Gastric cancer revealed no fine dyed figures but had irregularly dark dyed dots in the blue coloration. 3. Atypical epithelium was recognized as a elevated lesion with less regular figures of a intermediate dyed pattern between them. This difference of the dyed patterns may hold the key to accurate diagnosis of these diseases.
Change of pyruvate kinase (PK) isozymes in classical type pk deficiency and other PK deficiency cases during red cell maturation
Authors: S. Takegawa, S. Miwa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

Abstract Conversion of pyruvate kinase (PK) isozymes during the maturation of erythroblasts in five cases of PK deficiency was compared with that in normal subjects using immunofluorescent antibody techniques. In normal erythroblasts, M 2 ‐type PK was clearly seen at the proerythroblast stage, then markedly declined with cell maturation whereas L‐type PK continued to increase. In two patients with classical type PK deficiency, M 2 ‐type PK was still clearly seen in orthochromatic erythroblast, whereas L‐type PK was hardly detected during maturation. In three patients with other types of PK deficiency, change of L‐type PK was similar to that of normal subjects whereas M 2 ‐type PK was clearly seen even at the later stage of maturation as in classical‐type PK deficiency. The present studies indicate that compensatory M 2 ‐type PK production occurs in the erythroblasts of patients with PK deficiency.
Blockade of prostaglandin E2 signaling through EP1 and EP3 receptors attenuates Flt3L-dependent dendritic cell development from hematopoietic progenitor cells
Authors: Pratibha Singh, Jonathan Hoggatt, Peirong Hu, Jennifer M. Speth, Seiji Fukuda, Richard M. Breyer, Louis M. Pelus
Journal: Blood (2011)
The short-term treatment of acne vulgaris with benzoyl peroxide: effects on the surface and follicular cutaneous microflora
Authors: R.A. BOJAR, W.J. CUNLIFFE, K.T. HOLLAND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

A 28-day treatment regimen was undertaken by 12 volunteers, in which 5% (w/v) benzoyl peroxide (BP) in an aqueous gel was applied daily to the entire face. Clinical efficacy of the treatment was assessed after 2, 4, 9, 14 and 28 days, and the surface and follicular microbial populations were enumerated using established techniques. Viable counts were obtained for propionibacteria and Micrococcaceae. Mean numbers of propionibacteria recovered from the skin surface and follicular casts were significantly reduced after 2 days' treatment (P<0.01), and the population was maintained at a significantly lower level throughout the study (P<0.01), with mean values approaching the lower detection limit of the assay. Significant reductions in the surface and follicular Micrococcaceae were observed after 2 days' treatment, and at all subsequent visits (P<0.05). After 2 days' treatment, only slight reductions in mean acne grade and mean inflamed lesion count were observed. However, at all subsequent visits the mean acne grade was significantly reduced (P<0.05) compared with To. The mean non-inflamed lesion count was lower than the pretreatment level at all visits, although the results were variable. The results indicate that significant reductions in surface and follicular microorganisms may be obtained after 48 h treatment with BP. Therefore, the non-specific antibacterial action of BP may be utilized in short intervening courses to reduce the carriage of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms and thus improve the long-term efficacy of antibiotic acne treatments. The speed of clinical improvement may be limited by the rate at which old lesions disappear, rather than the effectiveness of the treatment in preventing new lesions arising.
INTERMEDIUM-C, a modifier of lateral spikelet fertility in barley, is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1
Authors: Luke Ramsay, Jordi Comadran, Arnis Druka, David F Marshall, William T B Thomas, Malcolm Macaulay, Katrin MacKenzie, Craig Simpson, John Fuller, Nicola Bonar, Patrick M Hayes, Udda Lundqvist, Jerome D Franckowiak, Timothy J Close, Gary J Muehlbauer, Robbie Waugh
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
ADDRESS OF OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES TO THE MEDICAL STUDENTS—1861
Authors: B. S. Oppenheimer
Journal: JAMA (1942)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Eighty years ago on Nov. 22, 1861 Oliver Wendell Holmes, Parkman professor of anatomy and physiology at Harvard University, addressed the medical class and ended his introductory lecture, published at the request of the class, with the following stirring words: "It is time to bring these crowded remarks to a close. The day has been when at the beginning of a course of lectures I should have thought it fitting to exhort you to diligence and entire devotion to your tasks as students. It is not so now. The young man who has not heard the clarion voices of honor and of duty now sounding throughout the land will heed no word of mine. In the camp or the city, in the field or the hospital, under sheltering roof or half protecting canvas or open sky, shedding our own blood or stanching that of our wounded defenders,
Collapsing health care in Serbia and Montenegro.
Authors: M E Black
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Serbia and Montenegro together form the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. As well as the Serb majority this includes the mixed province of Vojvodina, the mainly Albanian population in Kosovo, and the large Muslim minority in Sandzak. Since the start of war in 1991 the attention and sympathies of the world have focused on Bosnia and Croatia. The United Nations imposed economic sanctions on the federal republic in 1992, although in theory medical supplies and aid are exempt. The economy has now collapsed under the triple burden of war, loss of trade between the republics, and UN sanctions. A major public health catastrophe is unfolding in the federal republic.
Monitoring in Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine
Authors: E. H. Flewellen
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In the past twenty years, critical care medicine has advanced tremendously both in knowledge and in the numbers of clinicians who devote a significant portion of time to intensive observation and care of the seriously ill. During most of this evolutionary process, access by the interested to formal texts was lacking, but in the past few years compendiums of experience have appeared. In this text, the editor, an anesthesiologist, has compiled a number of reviews of the state of the art of monitoring the various organ systems and the associated technology. Most of the authors have credentials in anesthesiology—because critical care medicine is a natural extension of skills learned and utilized in the operating room—and well-recognized names, especially in the anesthesiology literature. Unlike many multiauthored texts, there is little redundancy among chapters. The book is organized by body system. Following an introductory section, monitoring of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central
Transplantation of Ureters into Rectum by an Extraperitoneal Method for Exstrophy of Bladder, and a New Operation for Procidentia Recti in the Same Patient
Authors: G. A. Peters
Journal: BMJ (1901)

EITHER of the two surgical conditions-ectopia vesiews an(d procidentia recti-is serious enough in itself, but the oeur- renice of both in one subject makes the sufferer's life so unutterably miserable, and renders him so repulsive to his friends, that life without relief is well-nigh intolerable.B. S. G., aged 2 years 7 months, came under my care at the Victoria Hospital for Sick Chiildren on September 29th, z8g6.History and state on Efxamiwtiuon.-Hisparents were licalthy and robust as were also his four brothers and one sister.At birtll the patient was found to present a healthy and well-developed appearance in all respects, except that there was an ectopia vesics or exatrophy of the
Complete interruption of the aortic arch. 2. Characteristic angiographic features with emphasis on collateral circulation to the descending aorta.
Authors: R B Jaffe
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The angiocardiograms of 17 patients with aortic arch interruption are reviewed to emphasize the variations in arch interruption and origin of the brachiocephalic vessels, and collateral circulation to the descending aorta. Depending on the anatomical type and subtype of arch interruption, collateral flow to the descending aorta in the presence of a stenotic or closed ductus will be dependent on the development of intercostal collaterals and/or the presence of retrograde flow in all brachiocephalic vessels arising from the descending aorta. Familiarity with the potential pathways for collateral circulation may permit differentiation into types and subtypes on chest radiograph. Patients with Type I interruption may have bilateral rib notching if the right subclavian artery originates normally from the innominate artery, but will have rib notching confined to the left side if the origin of the right subclavian artery is aberrant. Type II or Type III interruption patients will have rib notching confined to the right side if the right subclavian has a normal origin, but no rib notching if the origin of the right subclavian artery is aberrant.
Selection and Exclusion of Primary Care Physicians by Managed Care Organizations
Authors: Andrew B. Bindman
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Little is known about the problems physicians may be encountering in gaining access to managed care networks and whether the process used by managed care plans to select physicians is discriminatory.To investigate the incidence and predictors of denials or terminations of physicians' managed care contracts and the impact these denials and terminations had on primary care physicians' involvement with managed care.Cross-sectional mail survey of a probability sample of primary care physicians.A total of 13 large urban counties in California.Primary care physicians (family practice, internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, or pediatrics) who work in office-based practice.Denial or termination from a contract with an independent practice association (IPA) or health maintenance organization (HMO) and managed care contracts.Of the 947 respondents (response rate, 71%), 520 were involved in office-based primary care. After adjusting for sampling and response rate, 22% of primary care physicians had been denied or terminated from a contract with an IPA or HMO, but 87% of office-based primary care physicians had at least 1 IPA or direct HMO contract. Solo practice was the strongest predictor of having experienced a denial or termination and of having neither an IPA nor a direct HMO contract. Physician age, sex, and race did not predict the level of involvement with managed care. However, physicians' patient demographics were associated with managed care participation; physicians in managed care had significantly lower percentages of uninsured and nonwhite patients in their practices. Physicians experiencing a denial or termination had fewer capitated patients in their practice.Denials and terminations, although relatively common, do not preclude most primary care physicians from participating in managed care. Managed care selective contracting does not appear to be systematically discriminatory based on physician characteristics, but it may be biased against physicians who provide greater amounts of care to the underserved.