tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Caenorhabditis elegans Heterochromatin protein 1 (HPL-2) links developmental plasticity, longevity and lipid metabolism
Authors: Peter Meister, Sonia Schott, Cécile Bedet, Yu Xiao, Sabine Rohner, Selena Bodennec, Bruno Hudry, Laurent Molin, Florence Solari, Susan M Gasser, Francesca Palladino
Journal: Genome biology (2011)

Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family proteins have a well-characterized role in heterochromatin packaging and gene regulation. Their function in organismal development, however, is less well understood. Here we used genome-wide expression profiling to assess novel functions of the Caenorhabditis elegans HP1 homolog HPL-2 at specific developmental stages.We show that HPL-2 regulates the expression of germline genes, extracellular matrix components and genes involved in lipid metabolism. Comparison of our expression data with HPL-2 ChIP-on-chip profiles reveals that a significant number of genes up- and down-regulated in the absence of HPL-2 are bound by HPL-2. Germline genes are specifically up-regulated in hpl-2 mutants, consistent with the function of HPL-2 as a repressor of ectopic germ cell fate. In addition, microarray results and phenotypic analysis suggest that HPL-2 regulates the dauer developmental decision, a striking example of phenotypic plasticity in which environmental conditions determine developmental fate. HPL-2 acts in dauer at least partly through modulation of daf-2/IIS and TGF-β signaling pathways, major determinants of the dauer program. hpl-2 mutants also show increased longevity and altered lipid metabolism, hallmarks of the long-lived, stress resistant dauers.Our results suggest that the worm HP1 homologue HPL-2 may coordinately regulate dauer diapause, longevity and lipid metabolism, three processes dependent on developmental input and environmental conditions. Our findings are of general interest as a paradigm of how chromatin factors can both stabilize development by buffering environmental variation, and guide the organism through remodeling events that require plasticity of cell fate regulation.
USE OF PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE (VITAMIN B6) IN PARKINSONISM
Authors: Meyer A. Zeligs
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The numerous and recent successes in the field of vitamin therapy have made enthusiastic and stimulated clinician and investigator alike. Almost monthly new clinical application of administration of vitamins is reported in leading medical periodicals throughout the country. That much of this work hasproved of real and lasting value there is not the slightest doubt; the alleviation of symptoms and cure of long-known disease processes which heretofore have been therapeutically unapproachable unequivocally attests to this fact. The heroic relief obtained in patients with severe deficiency states, especially prevalent in the South, and those less obvious but more widespread alterations of the human economy which one now recognizes as "subclinical" or "hypovitaminotic" states are being increasingly brought under control. However, the enthusiasm and eagerness of clinicians to use vitamin therapy in nondeficiency and other conditions have expanded the clinical application of these substances far beyond their proper confines. This wave
Dangers of corn starch powder.
Authors: M Pemberton, M Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1973)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into adolescence is a significant burden to patients. Clinical guidelines recommend non-pharmacological therapies, but the evidence to support this recommendation is sparse. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a 12-week group cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) programme for adolescents with ADHD aged 14–18 years, who still have impairing symptoms after treatment with medication. We will study the effect of the treatment on ADHD symptoms and examine moderators and mediators of the effect of the treatment on ADHD. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> We conduct a randomised controlled trial of CBT group therapy in adolescents with ADHD recruited from child psychiatric outpatient units in Mid-Norway. 99 adolescents who met inclusion criteria and consented to participation have been randomised to a 12-week group intervention or to a control group receiving treatment as usual. Assessments are made at admission to the clinic, preintervention, postintervention and at a 9-month follow-up, obtaining adolescent, parent and teacher reports. Clinicians blinded to group allocation rate all participants as to their functioning preintervention and at the two postintervention assessment points. The primary outcome is change in symptom scores on the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> The Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics in South East Norway approved the study protocol (2015/2115). We will disseminate the findings in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations, to user organisations and at courses attended by families and professionals. Two PhD students will publish and defend dissertations relating to the study. Planned publications include primary and secondary outcomes and patient satisfaction with the treatment. Furthermore, we plan to publish a manual of CBT group therapy in adolescent ADHD to benefit treatment of patients in Norway and elsewhere. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> NCT02937142
Cholesterol Form Singled Out
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4544: The induction of KLF5 transcription factor by progesterone contributes to progesterone-induced breast cancer cell proliferation and de-differentiation
Authors: Rong Liu, Dong Zhao, Zhongmei Zhou, Ceshi Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Progesterone (Pg) promotes normal breast development during pregnancy and lactation and increases the risk of developing basal-type invasive breast cancer. However, the mechanism of action of Pg has not been fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the mRNA and protein expression of Klf5, a pro-proliferation and pro-survival transcription factor in breast cancer, was dramatically up-regulated in mouse pregnant and lactating mammary glands. Pg, but not estrogen and prolactin, induced the expression of KLF5 in multiple Pg receptor (PR)-positive breast cancer cell lines. Pg induced the KLF5 transcription is through PR in the PR-positive T47D breast cancer cells. Importantly, Pg failed to promote T47D cell proliferation when the KLF5 induction was blocked by siRNA. In addition, KLF5 overexpression was sufficient to induce the cytokeratin 5 (CK5) expression and the induction of CK5 by Pg was partially abrogated by KLF5 siRNA. Consistently, the expression of KLF5 was positively correlated with that of CK5 in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Taken together, we conclude that KLF5 is a Pg-induced gene that contributes to Pg-mediated breast epithelial cell proliferation and de-differentiation. This work was supported by a grant from the American Cancer Society (RSG-08-199-01) and a grant from the Department of Defense (W81XWH-07-1-0191). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4544. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4544
Family finds hospital willing to give experimental CJD treatment
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A teenager suffering from variant CJD, the human form of mad cow disease, is to have unprecedented treatment with a drug injected into his brain after the high court in Belfast gave the go-ahead.

Jonathan Simms, 18, from Belfast, is expected to have the treatment with pentosan polysulphate within weeks after a Northern Ireland hospital agreed that it could be carried out in its operating theatres.

His family, which is desperate for him to have the pioneering treatment in a last attempt to slow down the progress of the disease, was forced back to court after winning a …
<i>Streptococcus mutans</i>Endocarditis
Authors: W. R. LOCKWOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

After extraction of her teeth, a patient with rheumatic heart disease developed infective endocarditis caused by Streptococcus mutans, an organism known primarily from its association with dental plaque and caries. Streptococcus mutans was microaerophilic and pleomorphic. The infrequency with which it has been associated with endocarditis may be related to the common practice of failing to identify the species of microaerophilic streptococci.
Zoledronic Acid Prevents Bone Loss after Liver Transplantation
Authors: Bronwyn A.L. Crawford, Cherie Kam, Julie Pavlovic, Karen Byth, David J. Handelsman, Peter W. Angus, Geoffrey W. McCaughan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Background: Clinically important rapid bone loss occurs within 3 to 6 months after liver transplantation and may be associated with osteoporotic fractures. Objective: To determine whether bisphosphonate treatment with zoledronic acid reduces transplant-related bone loss more than placebo in adults having liver transplantation for chronic liver disease. Design: 12-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: 2 large liver transplantation centers in Australia. Patients: 62 adults having liver transplantation for chronic liver disease. Interventions: Infusions of zoledronic acid, 4 mg (n = 32), or saline (n = 30) were given within 7 days of transplantation and again at months 1, 3, 6, and 9 after transplantation. All patients received supplementation with calcium carbonate, 600 mg/d, and ergocalciferol, 1000 U/d. Measurements: The primary outcome was bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry before transplantation and 3, 6, and 12 months later. Secondary outcomes included bone turnover markers that were measured before transplantation and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months later. Results: There were statistically significant interactions between treatment effects and time for BMD measurements at the lumbar spine (P = 0.002), femoral neck (P = 0.001), and total hip (P < 0.001). Differences in acute bone loss 3 months after transplantation favored zoledronic acid over placebo. Differences between groups in percentage change from baseline adjusted for baseline weight and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level were 4.0% (95% CI, 1.1% to 7.0%) for the lumbar spine, 4.7% (CI, 1.9% to 7.6%) for the femoral neck, and 3.8% (CI, 1.7% to 6.0%) for the total hip. At 12 months after transplantation, the difference in percentage change from baseline between the 2 groups adjusted for baseline weight and serum PTH level was 1.1% (CI, −2.1% to 4.4%) for the lumbar spine, 2.7% (CI, 0.0% to 5.4%) for the femoral neck, and 2.4% (CI, 0.1% to 4.7%) for the total hip. Treatment with zoledronic acid induced temporary secondary hyperparathyroidism and postinfusion hypocalcemia statistically significantly more often than did placebo. Limitations: The trial was not powered to assess fractures, and 10 of 62 (16%) patients were not included in adjusted analyses because of missing weight or serum PTH measurements. Conclusion: Treatment with zoledronic acid can prevent bone loss within the first year after liver transplantation.
Blockade of Adhesion of Sickle Cells to Endothelium by Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: R P Hebbel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Red cells that contain sickle hemoglobin tend to acquire an abnormal, sickled shape when their mutant hemoglobin polymerizes as a result of low oxygen tension. In the classic view of sickle cell disease pathophysiology, it is this deoxygenation-induced sickling of red cells that plugs blood vessels, precipitating a vaso-occlusive event, which is most commonly manifested clinically as an acute painful episode. This simple concept belies the complexity of vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease, as shown by research over the past two decades, which has added to our understanding of the problem. It is now recognized that additional factors probably contribute . . .
Susceptibility of Women Athletes to Injury
Authors: Christine E. Haycock
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To separate fact from fiction regarding the susceptibility of women athletes to injury, three surveys were conducted. The initial data were collected from the athletic departments of collegiate institutions, and the final material was assembled from certified athletic trainers at these institutions, plus an extensive computer search of applicable publications. The collected statistical data were tabulated, and a written commentary was evaluated by the authors. It was established that injuries sustained by female athletes, aside from those related to different biological structures, were essentially no different than those of men, nor are well-trained women athletes more prone to injury. Ankle and knee injuries are most frequent, and women sustain many contusions, sprains, and shin splints. It is anticipated that the overall number of injuries will decrease as better coaches and trainers become available to women athletes.
Descriptions and Interpretations of the ACCORD-Lipid Trial in the News and Biomedical Literature
Authors: Nicholas S. Downing, Theresa Cheng, Harlan M. Krumholz, Nilay D. Shah, Joseph S. Ross
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

The lipid component of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD-Lipid) trial was a landmark, publicly funded study demonstrating that fenofibrate, when added to statin therapy, was not associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus. We performed a cross-sectional study of all articles describing the results of ACCORD-Lipid in the news and biomedical literature in the 15 months following its publication. For articles published in biomedical journals, we determined whether there was an association between authors' conflicts of interest and trial interpretation. We identified 67 news articles and 141 biomedical journal articles discussing ACCORD-Lipid. Approximately 30% of news and biomedical journal articles described fenofibrate as ineffective, whereas nearly 20% concluded it was effective. Among articles making a recommendation, approximately 50% of news and 67% of biomedical journal articles supported continued fibrate use. Authors with conflicts of interest were more likely to describe fenofibrate as effective (27.1% vs 8.9%; relative risk, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.22-7.50; P = .008) and support continued fibrate use (77.4% vs 45.8%; 1.69; 1.07-2.67; P = .006). The ACCORD-Lipid trial was described inconsistently in news and biomedical journal articles, possibly creating uncertainty among patients and physicians. In addition, conflicts of interest were associated with more favorable trial interpretation.
245 NEUTROPHIL INTRACELLULAR TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR (TLR) 9 EXPRESSION SERVES AS A BIOMARKER THAT DETERMINES PRESENCE AND SEVERITY OF ENCEPHALOPATHY IN ACUTE LIVER FAILURE AND CIRRHOSIS
Authors: G.K. Manakkat Vijay, R.D. Abeles, S. Ramage, A. Riva, N. Vergis, J.M. Ryan, M. McPhail, N.J. Taylor, L.J. Markwick, J.A. Wendon, S. Chokshi, Y. Ma, D. Shawcross
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
In Vivo Characterization of Recombinant von Willebrand Factor in Dogs With von Willebrand Disease
Authors: Peter L. Turecek, Herbert Gritsch, Ludwig Pichler, Wilfried Auer, Bernhard Fischer, Artur Mitterer, Wolfgang Mundt, Uwe Schlokat, Friedrich Dorner, Herm Jan M. Brinkman, Jan A. van Mourik, Hans Peter Schwarz
Journal: Blood (1997)
Features of complement activation-related pseudoallergy to liposomes with different surface charge and PEGylation: Comparison of the porcine and rat responses
Authors: László Dézsi, Tamás Fülöp, Tamás Mészáros, Gábor Szénási, Rudolf Urbanics, Csenge Vázsonyi, Erik Őrfi, László Rosivall, Réka Nemes, Robbert Jan Kok, Josbert M. Metselaar, Gert Storm, János Szebeni
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
The Pathophysiology of Acquired Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Neal S. Young, Jaroslaw Maciejewski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Plastic anemia, which is pancytopenia with a fatty or “empty” bone marrow, is remarkable for the simplicity of its pathologic picture and the direct derivation of its clinical manifestations.1 Although it is not a common disease, the drama of an individual case and the larger consequences of its associations give it considerable interest. That aplastic anemia is perhaps the most dreaded idiosyncratic complication of drug treatment has serious and often expensive consequences for drug development, for risk assessment, for approval by regulatory agencies, and in legal actions.Aplastic anemia, first described by Paul Ehrlich in 1888 from an autopsy of . . .
NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE BUT NOT EPICARDIAL FAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION
Authors: Harshal Patil, Rajiv Chhabra, John Helzberg, kevin kennedy, Shaya Ansari, Damini Dey, Firas Al-Badarin, James O&apos;Keefe, Randall Thompson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Is Mohs micrographic surgery more effective than wide local excision for treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in reducing risk of local recurrence? A critically appraised topic
Authors: R.J. Barlow, R. Mallipeddi, N. Sheth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Is Mohs micrographic surgery more effective than wide local excision for treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in reducing risk of local recurrence? A critically appraised topic Get access R.J. Barlow, R.J. Barlow St John’s Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’s Hospital, London, U.K. E‐mail: barlowrichard@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Mallipeddi, R. Mallipeddi St John’s Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’s Hospital, London, U.K. E‐mail: barlowrichard@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Sheth N. Sheth St John’s Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’s Hospital, London, U.K. E‐mail: barlowrichard@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 1, 1 January 2013, Pages 229–230, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12053 Published: 01 January 2013
Time and a Half
Authors: Irwin M. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

"I'd like to give you an injection of cortisone into your knee, Mr Schwartz. I think it will help your arthritis." "What will it cost me, Doctor?" "Money shouldn't be a consideration in making this kind of a decision, Mr Schwartz. But I know you're not a rich man, so I'll charge you only half my usual fee." "So, what will it cost me, Doctor?" "How about $10, Mr Schwartz?" "How long will it take you to give the injection, Doctor?" "Less than a minute, Mr Schwartz." "You mean, Doctor, you get $10 for less than a minute's work?" "I'll tell you what, Mr Schwartz, if it will make you happier, I'll leave the needle in longer."
Listening to the silence
Authors: S Spence
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Pathe newsreels, the voice of the British establishment; such were the invitations from the postwar Ministry of Defence. British servicemen were invited to volunteer as subjects for Porton Down. This was portrayed as a pleasant holiday camp. A Carry On film-style scenario showed a naked woman in a shower momentarily interrupted by a worthy volunteer (oo-er!), presumably a semaphore for something beginning with “s” and ending with “x”. In fact, what they received was something beginning with nerve gas and ending in death or years of disability. Disability and silence.

* A volunteer taking part in trials at Porton Down

The upturned face of a …
BRONCHOCONSTRICTION INDUCED BY REPEATED FORCED VITAL CAPACITY MANOEUVRES
Authors: AQUILES J. RONCORONI, ERNESTO GOLDMAN, RICARDO J. M. PUY, MIGUEL MANCINO
Journal: Allergy (1975)

An asthmatic atopic patient who developed bronchoconstriction during repeated forced vital capacity manoeuvres and after exercise is reported. Since increases in total airway and upper segment resistances and drop in FEV1 and Vmax 50 were induced, it is considered that bronchoconstriction involved most of the airways. Partial prevention of this effect could be demonstrated after inhalation of an adrenergic bronchidilator or disodium cromoglycate. Atropine completely prevented the flow response but did not alter the total airway resistance increase. Bronchoconstriction is interpreted as partially related to mast cell disruption and cholinergically mediated stimuli.
Medicare. Its problems for practicing physicians
Authors: R. B. Roth
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The Medicare Act, PL 89-97, becomes operative on July 1, 1966, in most of its phases, although the posthospital nursing home portion will not start for an additional six months. The American Medical Association, through its Advisory Committee, many individual physicians, and AMA staff representatives, has kept in close touch with developments in the drafting of the regulations for implementation of the law, and has offered extensive testimony as to things that should or should not be done in the regulatory field. On balance, it is our feeling that the Social Security Administration, the Public Health Service, and the Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare with his staff have been receptive to our advice and have followed many, but clearly not all, of our recommendations. There are, in the law and its regulations, many problem areas for physicians, as individuals and in the aggregate as a profession. It is not
The Need for a Quality Control of the Whole Process of Immunohistochemistry Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2/<i>neu</i> Determination: A United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service/Italian Network for Quality Assessment of Tumor Biomarkers Pilot Experience
Authors: Angelo Paradiso, Keith Miller, Ettore Marubini, Sara Pizzamiglio, Paolo Verderio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)
Amino acid oxidase of leukocytes in relation to H2O2-mediated bacterial killing
Authors: Marlene R. Eckstein, Robert L. Baehner, David G. Nathan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

D-Amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase have been measured in sucrose homogenates of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) obtained from guinea pigs and humans. Subcellular distribution patterns and studies on latency indicate that these oxidases are soluble enzymes. Their hydrogen peroxide-generating capacity was verified. Chronic granulomatous disease PMN, which lack a respiratory burst and fail to generate H(2)O(2) during phagocytosis and do not kill catalase positive bacteria, had peroxide-generating amino acid oxidase activity equal to that found in PMN homogenates from patients with bacterial infections. The precise metabolic and bactericidal role of amino acid oxidases in PMN remains uncertain.