tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized, prospective comparison of anterior and posterior approaches to radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.
Authors: J J Langberg, A Leon, M Borganelli, S J Kalbfleisch, R el-Atassi, H Calkins, F Morady
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Two different techniques have been developed for radiofrequency catheter ablation of typical atrioventricular nodal reentry (AVNRT). Lesions made anteriorly near the apex of the triangle of Koch usually eliminate fast pathway function, whereas lesions made posteriorly near the ostium of the coronary sinus selectively affect slow pathway function. The current study compares the safety, efficacy, and electrophysiological effects of these two techniques in a prospective, randomized fashion. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty consecutive patients with typical AVNRT were randomly assigned to receive radiofrequency lesions either anteriorly (n = 22) or posteriorly (n = 28). If the initial approach failed to eliminate inducibility of AVNRT after 1 hour or 10 applications of radiofrequency energy, the alternative ablation technique was used. Patients underwent repeat electrophysiological testing 48 hours and 3 months after ablation. The primary success rates of the anterior and posterior techniques were similar (55% versus 68%, p = NS). All of the patients who failed the initial approach were successfully treated by the alternative technique without developing high-grade atrioventricular block. One patient developed right bundle branch block during an anterior lesion, and another patient developed complete atrioventricular block as the result of a posterior lesion. CONCLUSIONS The posterior approach to radiofrequency catheter modification of the atrioventricular node is as effective as the anterior approach, and both techniques are associated with a low risk of complications. As long as AVNRT persists, it appears safe to cross over from one technique to the other.
ALCOHOL AND NEPHRITISA CLINICAL STUDY OF 460 CASES OF CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM
Authors: J. F. HULTGEN
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>Amicus Socrates, sed magis amica veritas</h3> Few problems in medicine are attended with so much confusion as the pharmacology of alcohol. Being a narcotic, a stimulant and a food, its uses are so manifold, and the dosage so variable that the study of its effects on the human body are exceedingly difficult of interpretation. Writers and teaching physicians have for decades upheld the view that chronic alcoholism is one of the chief causes of nephritis. This generally accepted view could not logically be questioned seriously until a fairly large number of carefully gathered clinical data had been furnished by a general practitioner. Clinical material from hospitals constitutes an unfair collection of patients, because they are either a decidedly inferior lot socially, or too superior, and therefore inaccessible for careful study. Animal experiments with alcohol are also of little practical value, on account of the complexity of the technic, and the multitude of the sources of error.
Interleukin 1-dependent paracrine granulopoiesis in chronic granulocytic leukemia of the juvenile type.
Authors: G C Bagby, C A Dinarello, R C Neerhout, D Ridgway, E McCall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Marrow and peripheral blood cells from nine children with juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia (JCGL) demonstrated intense (94 +/- 16% maximum) spontaneous granulocyte/macrophage colony growth but cells from five children with the adult variety of CGL did not. This unusual pattern of colony growth depended upon a stimulatory protein(s) produced by mononuclear phagocytes. No GM-CSA activity was found in any chromatofocused fraction of JCGL monocyte-conditioned media but an activity that induced GM-CSA in umbilical vein endothelial cells was detected at pI 6.9-7.2. Moreover, the CSA-inducing monokine was neutralized by an anti-IL-1 antibody in vitro and, in the one case so tested, the same antibody also inhibited "spontaneous" colony growth. Therefore granulocyte/macrophage colony growth in JCGL is characteristically abnormal and distinguishes JCGL from the adult form of the disease. This abnormality depends upon the production, by mononuclear phagocytes, of IL-1 which, in turn, stimulates the release of high levels of colony stimulating activity by other cells. The high proliferative activity of CFU-GM we found in JCGL patients, and the high levels of GM-CSA found in their serum are compatible with the view that the in vitro abnormality reflects a similar abnormality in vivo.
Home Care: Much Needed, Much Neglected
Authors: ANNE R. SOMERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorials1 January 1975Home Care: Much Needed, Much NeglectedANNE R. SOMERS, NANCY H. BRYANT, R.N., M.P.H.ANNE R. SOMERSSearch for more papers by this author, NANCY H. BRYANT, R.N., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-1-111 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe story of the Chelsea-Village program of home health care for the homebound aged operated out of St. Vincent's Hospital in New York City and described elsewhere in this issue by Dr. Philip Brickner, Sister Teresita Duque, and associates is as important as it is heart-warming. It should be required reading for health care professionals, third-party payers, and all public and private officials responsible for setting health priorities in this country.Despite the modest dimensions of the experiment—involving only 200 referrals and 169 patients actually placed under care—Dr. Brickner claims significant savings to society. At a minimum rate of $800...References1. HESS J: Care of aged poor a growing scandal. New York Times, 7 October 1974, p. 1 Google Scholar2. BRYANTCANDLANDLOWENSTEIN NLR: Comparison of care and cost outcomes for stroke patients with and without home care. Stroke 5:54-59, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. EDITORIAL: Improving home health care services. American Medical News, 8 January 1973, p. 4 Google Scholar4. : Annual Report of the Health Insurance Benefits Advisory Council, July 1, 1973-June 30, 1974, Part II, Section B. In press Google Scholar5. : OASDHI hospital insurance operating statistics (table). Social Security Bull 37:57, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ANNE R. SOMERS; NANCY H. BRYANT, R.N., M.P.H.Affiliations: College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Office of Consumer Health Education Piscataway, New Jersey PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPhysician-Directed Long-Term Home Health Care for the Elderly-A Century-Long ExperienceNeeds assessment for hospital-based home care servicesIssues and opportunities in the regulation of home health carePhysician House Calls: A Complement to Hospital-Based Medical CareHome Care for the AgedDAVID MUMFORD, M.D., IRENE BOGDAN, R.N., ELIZABETH HOYT, M.D., ROSA RODRIGUEZ, M.D. 1 January 1975Volume 82, Issue 1Page: 111-112KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Silencing of Reporter Gene Expression in Skin Using siRNAs and Expression of Plasmid DNA Delivered by a Soluble Protrusion Array Device (PAD)
Authors: Emilio Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Tycho J Speaker, Robyn P Hickerson, Ryan Spitler, Manuel A Flores, Devin Leake, Christopher H Contag, Roger L Kaspar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Despite rapid progress in the development of potent and selective small interfering RNA (siRNA) agents for skin disorders, translation to the clinic has been hampered by the lack of effective, patient-friendly delivery technologies. The stratum corneum poses a formidable barrier to efficient delivery of large and/or charged macromolecules including siRNAs. Intradermal siRNA injection results in effective knockdown of targeted gene expression but is painful and the effects are localized to the injection site. The use of microneedle arrays represents a less painful delivery method and may have utility for the delivery of nucleic acids, including siRNAs. For this purpose, we developed a loadable, dissolvable protrusion array device (PAD) that allows skin barrier penetration. The PAD tips dissolve upon insertion, forming a gel-like plug that releases functional cargo. PAD-mediated delivery of siRNA (modified for enhanced stability and cellular uptake) resulted in effective silencing of reporter gene expression in a transgenic reporter mouse model. PAD delivery of luciferase reporter plasmids resulted in expression in cells of the ear, back, and footpad skin as assayed by intravital bioluminescence imaging. These results support the use of PADs for delivery of functional nucleic acids to cells in the skin with an efficiency that may support clinical translation.
Are falls from supermarket trolleys preventable?
Authors: M Campbell, J Ferguson, T F Beattie
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Companrson of results of colour coded duiplex sonographv and venographv in patients with suspected femoropopliteal vein thrombosis and sensitivity, specificitv, and positive and negative predictive values of colour coded duplex sonography (95% confidence intervals) Colour coded duplex sonography Vein incompressibility Absence of flow pbasicity Visualisation of thrombus Positive Negative Total Positive Negative Total Positive Negative Total Positive 54 1 55 52 3 55 48 7
Disease recurrence in localized scleroderma: a retrospective analysis of 344 patients with paediatric- or adult-onset disease
Authors: J.S. Mertens, M.M.B. Seyger, W. Kievit, E.P.A.H. Hoppenreijs, T.L.Th.A. Jansen, P.C.M. van de Kerkhof, T.R.D. Radstake, E.M.G.J. de Jong
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Background Localized scleroderma (LoS) is characterized by a phase of disease activity followed by remission. However, disease recurrences occur. Knowledge concerning these recurrences can help prompt treatment, thereby preventing disease damage. Objectives To investigate the frequency and characteristics of disease recurrences in paediatric- and adult-onset LoS, and to identify patient variables that are associated with a higher risk of disease recurrence. Methods Retrospective chart reviews were performed of patients with LoS. Data concerning the frequency and characteristics of the disease recurrences were collected. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify patient variables that were associated with a higher risk of disease recurrence. Results In total, 344 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 119 (35%) had paediatric-onset LoS and 225 (65%) had adult-onset LoS. Disease recurrence was present in 27% (n = 32) of the paediatric-onset group and 17% (n = 39) of the adult-onset group (P = 0·037). Multivariate analysis identified a statistically significant association between disease recurrence and the linear LoS of the limbs subtype, independent of age at disease onset. Conclusions Recurrences in LoS occurred in almost one-quarter of the patients and were most frequent in the linear LoS of the limbs subtype, independent of age at disease onset. These disease recurrences can occur even after many years of quiescent disease. Awareness of the high recurrence rates may help treating physicians to recognize reactivation of the disease, leading to a decreased delay in treatment reinitiation.
A Psychodynamic Evaluation of Patients with Myocardial Infarction with Regard to Their Future Occupational and Social Adjustment
Authors: R. Berg-Larsen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

Some views based on a phenomenological study in a general hospital of patients with myocardial infarction are presented. The importance of observing the patients' psychic reactions during the different stages in hospital is stressed, in order to make a psychodynamic evaluation with regard to their future occupational and social adjustment.
Every-other-day interferon beta-1b versus once-weekly interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis: results of a 2-year prospective randomised multicentre study (INCOMIN)
Authors: Luca Durelli, Elisabetta Verdun, Pierangelo Barbero, Mauro Bergui, Elisabetta Versino, Angelo Ghezzi, Enrico Montanari, Mauro Zaffaroni
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
Computers in Medicine-Reply
Authors: Arthur F. Krieg
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> It is a pleasure to respond to the comments of Dr Yasnoff and his associates. Although my review was limited to computers in the clinical laboratory, clearly the use of computers in medicine includes a wide range of topics, involving all medical specialities. With regard to in-line documentation, my experience is quite different from that of Dr Yasnoff and his associates. By in-line documentation, I mean a complete description of program flow and program logic, incorporated within the program itself. Such in-line documentation is not "nearly as old as programming." In our experience, the in-line approach solves many documentation problems. Documentation as part of the computer program is "on hand" and easily updated when programs are revised. Because in-line documentation is updated when programs are revised, it accurately reflects "real life" code. This improved accuracy greatly facilitates program maintenance. Our favorable experience is consistent with experience at other
Chocolate to Morphine: Understanding Mind-Active Drugs
Authors: Donald W. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This book is dedicated to supplying young people with accurate information about psychoactive drugs so that they can either avoid the drugs or form "good relationships" with them. The authors think it is deplorable that adults lie to children about drugs, and set out to present the straight scoop. They fail spectacularly. By the third paragraph of chapter 1, four errors of fact have been committed: (1) "Wars [on drugs] have been consistently lost." Wrong. The Japanese's war against amphetamines was a great success; so was the Iranian's against alcohol. (2) "More people are taking drugs now than ever before." Unproven and unprovable. Americans drank almost twice as much alcohol 150 years ago as they do today. Patent medicine wagons swarmed over the land in our grandfather's time, and Sears, Roebuck and Co catalogs devoted pages to cures for morphinism and alcoholism. (3) "More people abuse drugs now than ever
TCTAP A-185 The Clinical Significance of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease who Received Drug-Eluting Stents
Authors: Hideo Nii, Kenji Wagatsuma, Yasuto Uchida, Satoshi Aida, Ai Hattori, Masayuki Igawa, Tsuyoshi Enomoto, Susumu Koseki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Recognition of highly restricted regions in the β-propeller domain of αIIb by platelet-associated anti-αIIbβ3 autoantibodies in primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Kazunobu Kiyomizu, Hirokazu Kashiwagi, Tsuyoshi Nakazawa, Seiji Tadokoro, Shigenori Honda, Yuzuru Kanakura, Yoshiaki Tomiyama
Journal: Blood (2012)
THE SCOPE OF DERMATOLOGY.Chairman's Address read In Section of Dermatology and Syphilography, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: LOUIS A. DUHRING
Journal: JAMA (1894)

On the occasion of the last annual meeting of this Section of the Association, the honor to preside over the deliberations of the present meeting was conferred upon me. It affords me pleasure to greet you as members of theASSOCIATION, and especially as attendants upon the work of this Section, whose importance I believe must be more fully recognized by the profession with each succeeding year. Before taking up the original papers to be presented for reading and discussion I would ask your attention for a few moments to consider of what dermatology actually consists. The subject, I believe, will not prove uninteresting nor without profit practically. Let me propound the questions, What are so-called  diseases, and what is their nature? Which diseases are entitled to be designated skin diseases? Is it possible to separate them from the many general diseases accompanied by cutaneous symptoms?  Answers to these
Rising death rate from non-malignant disease of the oesophagus (NMOD) in England and Wales.
Authors: M Z Panos, R P Walt, C Stevenson, M J Langman
Journal: Gut (1995)

Between 1968 and 1991, the number of deaths from non-malignant oesophageal disease (NMOD) (International Classification of Diseases code 530), recorded by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS) in England and Wales, trebled in women, from 118 to 340 (5 to 13 per million) and doubled in men, from 131 to 251 (5.5 to 10 per million). Calculation of age specific death rates, shows the increase to result from a rise in mortality in those over 75 years and age standardised mortality confirms a rise in overall frequency from 2.9 to 7.0 deaths per million men and 5.2 to 13.1 per million women. Between 1974 and 1988 when specific diagnoses were coded, deaths from oesophageal ulcer rose from 1.5 to 2.5 per million. In men, the death rate from oesophageal stricture increased from 2.5 to 3 per million and in women from 3.5 to 6 per million. Mortality from oesophageal perforation did not change (1 per million). Some of these changes reflect the increasing age of the population in general, but further explanations are required. Review of 84 sets of case notes from a total of 281 inpatients whose coded diagnoses had included NMOD and who had died suggested that in 28 (33%) death was actually due to NMOD, and in seven of these endoscopic intervention was responsible. The certified underlying cause of death was compared with that suggested from case note review in 62 cases; death from NMOD was substantially underestimated. This study concludes that a rising death rate attributed to NMOD is underestimated on death certificates and that endoscopic intervention explains only a few of the cases.
Letter on a Breach of Etiquette at Carlisle
Authors: W. Reeves
Journal: BMJ (1842)

room.The bowels are open; pupil contracted, although he had belladonna applied previously.His left eye beinig the worst, was operated on, as in the former case.Sir John ordered about twelve ounces of blood to be takein from the arm, some opening pills, and the eye to be dressed daily with ceratum belladonnte.July 30.Can see light; continue belladonna; doing well.August 2. Omit the belladonna.6. Dismissed this morning.Ordered to take some opening pills, and to drop the solution of nitrate of silver into the eye twice a-day.
The NHS in our hands
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The founding principles of the NHS are safe, for the moment at least, from whatever marauding hordes we might have thought were out to get them. Last week’s BMJ and King’s Fund debate concluded overwhelmingly in favour of their continued relevance (doi: 10.1136/bmj.a628), and BMJ readers agreed (www.bmj.com/campaigns/nhsat60/index.dtl). Polls elsewhere in the run-up to the NHS’s 60th birthday this week have shown similar commitment to the ideals of equitable care funded by central taxation and free at the point of need. And now we have a draft NHS constitution that seeks to enshrine these principles in law (doi: 10.1136/bmj.a640). All of this means we can …
Changes in the Delivery Room Care of the Extremely Small Infant (&lt;750 G)
Authors: Maureen Hack, Avroy A. Fanaroff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Advances in perinatal care have been accompanied by improved survival among infants born in the middle to late second trimester, who were previously considered nonviable. This development has led to the spurious assumption that life can be sustained in live-born infants irrespective of gestational age or birth weight. Since pessimism prevails in the few reports on later outcomes among these very small and immature infants, the indiscriminate initiation of intensive care raises many philosophical, ethical, and economic questions.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Despite many reviews with titles such as "How Small Is Too Small?,"11 "What Is the Lower Limit of Viability?,"12 and "Where and . . .
Chronic Inhibition of Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Synthesis Causes Coronary Microvascular Structural Changes and Hyperreactivity to Serotonin in Pigs
Authors: Akira Ito, Kensuke Egashira, Toshiaki Kadokami, Yoshihiro Fukumoto, Tsuneo Takayanagi, Ryuichi Nakaike, Takeshi Kuga, Katsuo Sueishi, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) is believed to regulate myocardial perfusion and structural changes in the vascular wall. Our objective was to determine whether chronic inhibition of NO synthesis causes structural and functional changes in coronary arteries. Methods and Results Coronary vasomotor response was studied in pigs before and after chronic oral administration of the NO synthesis antagonist N ω -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 30 mg · kg −1 · d −1 for 2 weeks. Chronic L-NAME treatment increased ( P &lt;.01) arterial pressure but did not alter baseline coronary blood flow (CBF), epicardial coronary diameter, or heart rate. Chronic L-NAME treatment augmented ( P &lt;.01) the decrease in CBF in response to intracoronary serotonin (30 μg/kg) from 5±14% to 40±5% but did not alter the CBF response to prostaglandin F 2α . The serotonin-induced decrease in CBF after acute L-NAME administration was still less before (1.3±0.4%) than after chronic L-NAME treatment (51±6%). Chronic L-NAME treatment attenuated the increase in CBF with bradykinin (100 ng/kg) but did not alter the CBF response to nitroglycerin (10 μg/kg). Compared with intact pigs without L-NAME treatment, L-NAME–treated pigs had significant thickening of the media in the microvessels (diameter, &lt;300 μm) but not in the large epicardial vessels. Chronic intracoronary infusion of L-NAME at 3 mg · kg −1 · d −1 for 2 weeks, which did not produce arterial hypertension, caused similar microvascular medial thickening. Conclusions These results indicate that chronic administration of L-NAME caused coronary microvascular structural changes and hyperreactivity to serotonin in pigs in vivo, suggesting an important role of defective NO synthesis in coronary microvascular disorders.
Hormonal regulation of proton secretion in rabbit medullary collecting duct.
Authors: S Hays, J P Kokko, H R Jacobson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

With the exception of aldosterone, little is known about the hormonal regulation of distal nephron acidification. These experiments investigated the effects of prostaglandin E2, indomethacin, lysyl-bradykinin, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP, and forskolin on proton secretion in the major acidifying segment of the distal nephron, the medullary collecting duct from inner stripe of outer medulla. Using in vitro microperfusion and microcalorimetry, net bicarbonate reabsorption (proton secretion) was measured in rabbit medullary collecting ducts before, during, and after exposure to each test substance. PGE2 reduced proton secretion 12.2%, while the following substances stimulated proton secretion: indomethacin 14.2%; 8-bromo-cyclic AMP 34.5%; forskolin 39%. Lysyl-bradykinin was without effect. These studies demonstrate that distal nephron acidification, in addition to being stimulated by aldosterone, is significantly inhibited by the hormone PGE2. The stimulation of proton secretion by cAMP suggests that other hormones known to activate adenylate cyclase may also influence distal nephron acidification.