tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Labelling of rhinitis and hayfever by doctors.
Authors: B Sibbald, E Rink
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Factors influencing the labelling of rhinitis by doctors were examined in 7702 adults, aged 16-65 years, registered with a group general practice in south London. Individuals with rhinitis were identified by a postal screening questionnaire. Of the 2969 (39%) subjects who replied, 1309 (44%) reported rhinitis. A sample of 340 individuals with and 126 without rhinitis was studied, each being interviewed and having allergy skinprick tests. The information given at interview was compared with that recorded in the medical notes for 75 patients with rhinitis, selected at random to include 25 with seasonal symptoms only, 25 with perennial symptoms only, and 25 with both seasonal and perennial symptoms, plus 25 control subjects. Hayfever was defined as seasonal symptoms provoked by grass and a positive skin test response to grass pollen. Subjects with seasonal symptoms were nearly twice as likely as those with perennial symptoms to be labelled as having rhinitis by their doctor. More than a quarter of the subjects fulfilling our definition of hayfever had not been diagnosed as having hayfever. Subjects from the upper social classes were more likely than those from the lower social classes to be labelled as having hayfever, though there were no significant differences between social classes in the prevalence of hayfever according to our definition. It is concluded that rhinitis is frequently underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed. Increased detection of hayfever could account for the steep rise in consultation rates seen in recent decades.
Iatrogenic melanoma. Comment on: Melanoma epidemic: a midsummer night’s dream?
Authors: J.I. Van Der Rhee, W.J. Mooi, N.A. Kukutsch, F.A. De Snoo, W. Bergman
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Madam, We read with great interest the recent article about the controversy over the explanation of the melanoma epidemic.1 The past decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the reported incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) without a proportional rise in melanoma mortality in most European countries. The paper suggests that the large increase is likely to be due to diagnostic drift which classifies benign lesions as stage 1 melanoma.1, 2 Histology is the gold standard for the diagnosis of CMM, but the assessment of small and thin melanocytic lesions, that constitute a growing proportion of lesions submitted for histology, is problematic, and interobserver agreement is moderate at best.3, 4 Histological indicators of malignancy have largely been derived from larger lesions, and it is unknown if they are equally applicable for small lesions. As the consequences of overdiagnosis are generally limited to a small local re‐excision and increased patient stress, whereas underdiagnosis results in an increased chance of recurrence and death, judgement tends to be skewed towards malignancy.2, 4
Oral Theophylline Compounds in Chronic Asthma
Authors: C. D. R. Pengelly, W. Brockbank
Journal: BMJ (1959)

HAEMOLYSIS OF STORED BLOOD MEDICALBJOUr containing solution, the length of time the mixture is allowed to stand, the temperature, and the age of the stored blood.Significant haemolysis is most likely to occur in paediatric practice, where, owing to slow infusion, stored blood and dextrose-containing solution may remain in mixture for some hours.All such haemolysis can be avoided by renewing the filter when stored blood is followed by glucose solutions in intravenous transfusion.The haemolysis is explained by the entry of dextrose into the red blood cells with increased cell volume and fragility.
1023-113 Differential Effects of Long-term Beta-Blocker Therapy Following Thrombolysis versus Primary Angioplasty
Authors: Raffl K. Krikorian, Sylvia B. Puchrowicz, James H. O’Keefe, Cindy L. Crines, Kevin F. Browne, Donald Rothbaum, Ronald E. Vlietstra, Gregg W. Stone, William W. O’Neill
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Oncogenic and tumor suppressive roles of polo-like kinases in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Rossella Pellegrino, Diego F. Calvisi, Sara Ladu, Volker Ehemann, Tommaso Staniscia, Matthias Evert, Frank Dombrowski, Peter Schirmacher, Thomas Longerich
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Polo-like kinase (PLK) proteins play critical roles in the control of cell cycle progression, either favoring or inhibiting cell proliferation, and in DNA damage response. Although either overexpression or down-regulation of PLK proteins occurs frequently in various cancer types, no comprehensive analysis on their function in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been performed to date. In the present study, we define roles for PLK1, PLK2, PLK3, and PLK4 during hepatocarcinogenesis. Levels of PLK1, as assessed by means of real-time reverse-transcription PCR and western blot analysis, were progressively increased from nonneoplastic surrounding liver tissues to HCC, reaching the highest expression in tumors with poorer outcome (as defined by the length of patients' survival) compared with normal livers. In sharp contrast, PLK2, PLK3, and PLK4 messenger RNA and protein expression gradually declined from nontumorous liver to HCC, with the lowest levels being detected in HCC with shorter survival. In liver tumors, PLK2-4 down-regulation was paralleled by promoter hypermethylation and/or loss of heterozygosity at the PLK2-4 loci. Subsequent functional studies revealed that PLK1 inhibition led to suppression of cell growth in vitro, whereas opposite effects followed PLK2-4 silencing in HCC cell lines. In particular, suppression of PLK1 resulted in a block in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and in massive apoptosis of HCC cells in vitro regardless of p53 status.PLK1-4 proteins are aberrantly regulated and possess different roles in human HCC, with PLK1 acting as an oncogene and PLK2-4 being presumably tumor suppressor genes. Thus, therapeutic approaches aimed at inactivating PLK1 and/or reactivating PLK2-4 might be highly useful in the treatment of human liver cancer.
Ulcerating cutaneous sarcoidosis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: M.M. HULSHOF
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Ulcerating cutaneous sarcoidosis and non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma Get access M.M. HULSHOF M.M. HULSHOF Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 3, 1 September 1993, Pages 343–344, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11864.x Published: 01 September 1993
John Arundel Kirkby
Authors: Peter Bowen Simpkins, Colin Williams, Sharon Guest
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Former general practitioner Porthcawl, West Glamorgan (b 1940; q Dublin 1967; LM, DObst RCOG), died from oesophageal cancer on 24 September 2005.

After house jobs John worked in Oxford before joining the practice in Porthcawl where he remained for the rest of his working life. He practised holistic medicine in its truest form and was always available. His sense of humour kept his partners going at even the most stressful times. John had a mild stroke in his late 50s and took early retirement. He was diagnosed as having oesophageal cancer early in 2005. He leaves a wife, Margaret, and two children.
EFFICACY OF SHORT TERM, HIGH DOSE STATINS FOR PREVENTING CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AND/OR PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Carl Behram Kapadia, Michael Rich, Negar Chavoshi, Eric Novak, Adam Salisbury, Thomas Maddox, Mikhail Kosiborod, Jeremiah Brown, Amit Amin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A Persistent Red Crusted Plaque on the Back
Authors: Hai Long, Guiying Zhang, Qianjin Lu
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Question of Improvement
Authors: Donald M. Berwick
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SEVERE LACERATION OF HAND WITH TRAUMATIC AMPUTATION OF TWO FINGERS
Authors: Martin J. Loeb
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>History.</h3> —A boy, aged 8 years, was run over by a truck, June 29, 1923. Shortly after, on admission to the hospital, he was seen by two able surgeons, who happened to be in the institution, and who advised an amputation of the hand above the wrist. I mention this fact, not in disparagement of these men, but merely to give an idea of the severity of the trauma. I did not see the hand until the boy was under narcosis and ready for operation, two hours after the injury. My decision as to procedure was therefore immediately made. <h3>Preoperative Findings.</h3> —The metacarpal bones of the ring and small finger of the right hand were broken, together with their attachments of muscles and nerves. The skin of the palm of the hand, together with the underlying palmar fascia, was torn off the hand, and these and the two traumatically amputated
Left Atrial and Left Ventricular Pressures in Subjects without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: EUGENE BRAUNWALD, EDWIN C. BROCKENBROUGH, CHARLES J. FRAHM, JOHN ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Transseptal left heart catheterizations were carried out in 18 patients without apparent evidence of organic cardiovascular disease. These studies have permitted delineation of the pressures that exist in the left side of the heart in normal subjects studied in a basal physiologic state.
Dislocation (Luxation) of the Eyeball
Authors: Bertha Offenbach
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THIS condition is part of a general physical picture that can be managed most adequately by the general medical practitioner. Also, it can occur during a general examination, and its prevention should be a concern of every practitioner.Luxation of the eyeball is defined as a forward displacement of the eye so that the lids close behind, not in front of, the eyeball.Case ReportA 38-year-old man who owned and operated a food store had been seen 2 years previously, when he weighed 250 pounds but had no notable disease. His recent visit showed central corneal ulcers. As the . . .
Unilateral Leg Edema, Migraine, and Methysergide
Authors: Walter J. Farrell
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A patient who was taking methysergide maleate for migraine headaches had painless unilateral leg edema as the only symptom of retroperitoneal fibrosis. Unilateral obstruction was present but asymptomatic in the upper urinary tract. Extrinsic pelvic venous obstruction without intravascular thrombosis was the cause of the edema. Treatment, consisting of surgical release of the vein and discontinuance of the drug therapy, resulted in a prompt and satisfactory response. Marked arterial narrowing was also present but was not apparent on an aortogram.
A Call for Change — Bureaucracy and the Profession — Dependent Patients
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

IN the opening address at the annual clinical meeting of the British Medical Association in Cheltenham, Lord Todd, the chairman of the Royal Commission on Medical Education, spoke of the need for the medical profession to be ready for change. He pointed out that every generation has had to adapt itself to changing conditions, but it is a new experience for the rate of change to be so rapid. The scientific advances of the present century had led to the rise of specialism in medicine and caused a widening of the gulf between the general practitioner and the hospital physician . . .
Apoptotic signaling through CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) activates an acidic sphingomyelinase.
Authors: M G Cifone, R De Maria, P Roncaioli, M R Rippo, M Azuma, L L Lanier, A Santoni, R Testi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Intracellular pathways leading from membrane receptor engagement to apoptotic cell death are still poorly characterized. We investigated the intracellular signaling generated after cross-linking of CD95 (Fas/Apo-1 antigen), a broadly expressed cell surface receptor whose engagement results in triggering of cellular apoptotic programs. DX2, a new functional anti-CD95 monoclonal antibody was produced by immunizing mice with human CD95-transfected L cells. Crosslinking of CD95 with DX2 resulted in the activation of a sphingomyelinase (SMase) in promyelocytic U937 cells, as well as in other human tumor cell lines and in CD95-transfected murine cells, as demonstrated by induction of in vivo sphingomyelin (SM) hydrolysis and generation of ceramide. Direct in vitro measurement of enzymatic activity within CD95-stimulated U937 cell extracts, using labeled SM vesicles as substrates, showed strong SMase activity, which required pH 5.0 for optimal substrate hydrolysis. Finally, all CD95-sensitive cell lines tested could be induced to undergo apoptosis after exposure to cell-permeant C2-ceramide. These data indicate that CD95 cross-linking induces SM breakdown and ceramide production through an acidic SMase, thus providing the first information regarding early signal generation from CD95, and may be relevant in defining the biochemical nature of intracellular messengers leading to apoptotic cell death.
The Concept of Protein Stores and Its Implications in Diet
Authors: L. Emmett Holt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The term "protein reserve" implies the existence of a body of protein laid down by the consumption of protein beyond current requirements which can be called on to meet situations of privation or stress. This concept is one of the chief reasons advanced for consuming quantities of protein beyond current minimal needs in the hope of providing a margin of safety. A critical examination of the literature and experiments on animals reported herewith fails to support the concept of protein reserves as defined above.
Epidemiology of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Liverpool from 1977 to 1982
Authors: O.P. Arya, E. Rees, G.C. Turner, A. Percival, C.A. Bartzokas, E.H. Annels, P.B. Carey, A.K. Ghosh, A.E. Jephcott, N.A. Johnston
Journal: Journal of Infection (1984)
Effect of age on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in male and female rats
Authors: J Sullivan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effect of age on electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation was different in males and females. Methods: Young (3 month) and old (25 month) Fisher 344 rats were studied: young females (YF, n = 34), young males (YM, n = 28), old females (OF, n = 19), and old males (OM, n = 24). Isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (endothelium-intact and denuded) were pressurized, and outer diameter was monitored. EFS-response curves (0.1–8 Hz) were performed in preconstricted arteries in the presence of guanethidine. EFS responses were expressed as percent relaxation from preconstricted diameter. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated and comparisons were made using ANOVA and t-tests. Results: Males became less responsive to EFS-induced vasodilation with age, while responses among females were unaffected (AUC: YM=344±23, OM=253±25, P = 0.008; YF=397±21, OF=365±25, P = 0.33). Endothelial denudation produced a significant decrease in EFS-induced dilation among all rat groups. The effect of denudation was greater in young animals compared to old. Incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine (LNA) significantly decreased EFS responsiveness among all of the rat groups. Conclusions: EFS-induced vasodilation declines with age among males. In YF and YM endothelium-dependent EFS-induced vasodilation is mediated by the release of endothelium-derived NO. With age, endothelial function declines, which is likely due to a decrease in the production of endothelium-derived NO. A decline in endothelial-derived NO is likely responsible for the decrease in EFS-induced vasodilation with age among males.
Prospective Multicenter Study of Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Heart Disease
Authors: Samuel C. Siu, Mathew Sermer, Jack M. Colman, A. Nanette Alvarez, Lise-Andree Mercier, Brian C. Morton, Catherine M. Kells, M. Lynn Bergin, Marla C. Kiess, Francois Marcotte, Dylan A. Taylor, Elaine P. Gordon, John C. Spears, James W. Tam, Kofi S. Amankwah, Jeffrey F. Smallhorn, Dan Farine, Sheryll Sorensen
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background The maternal and neonatal risks associated with pregnancy in women with heart disease receiving comprehensive prenatal care have not been well defined. Methods and Results We prospectively enrolled 562 consecutive pregnant women with heart disease and determined the outcomes of 599 pregnancies not ending in miscarriage. Pulmonary edema, arrhythmia, stroke, or cardiac death complicated 13% of pregnancies. Prior cardiac events or arrhythmia, poor functional class or cyanosis, left heart obstruction, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction independently predicted maternal cardiac complications; the cardiac event rate can be predicted using a risk index incorporating these predictors. Neonatal complications (20% of pregnancies) were associated with poor functional class or cyanosis, left heart obstruction, anticoagulation, smoking, and multiple gestations. Conclusions Pregnancy in women with heart disease is associated with significant cardiac and neonatal complications, despite state-of-the-art obstetric and cardiac care. Maternal cardiac risk can be predicted with the use of a risk index.
Selective Insulin Resistance in Homeostatic and Cognitive Control Brain Areas in Overweight and Obese Adults
Authors: Stephanie Kullmann, Martin Heni, Ralf Veit, Klaus Scheffler, Jürgen Machann, Hans-Ulrich Häring, Andreas Fritsche, Hubert Preissl
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Impaired brain insulin action has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. To date, the central nervous effects of insulin in obese humans still remain ill defined, and no study thus far has evaluated the specific brain areas affected by insulin resistance.In 25 healthy lean and 23 overweight/obese participants, we performed magnetic resonance imaging to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and 15 and 30 min after application of intranasal insulin or placebo. Additionally, participants explicitly rated pictures of high-caloric savory and sweet food 60 min after the spray for wanting and liking.In response to insulin compared with placebo, we found a significant CBF decrease in the hypothalamus in both lean and overweight/obese participants. The magnitude of this response correlated with visceral adipose tissue independent of other fat compartments. Furthermore, we observed a differential response in the lean compared with the overweight/obese group in the prefrontal cortex, resulting in an insulin-induced CBF reduction in lean participants only. This prefrontal cortex response significantly correlated with peripheral insulin sensitivity and eating behavior measures such as disinhibition and food craving. Behaviorally, we were able to observe a significant reduction for the wanting of sweet foods after insulin application in lean men only.Brain insulin action was selectively impaired in the prefrontal cortex in overweight and obese adults and in the hypothalamus in participants with high visceral adipose tissue, potentially promoting an altered homeostatic set point and reduced inhibitory control contributing to overeating behavior.
The significance of mast cells in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Michael S Cohen, Gary S Rogers
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1995)

p&ally with a compromised child.For example, parents of HIV-infected children require the support of social, educational, and medical services lest the emotional, financial, and medical burden lead to abuse.In addition, we have noted that in HIVseropositive children, the incidence of maltreatment increases as their CD4 cell count declines, especially below 200.In our patient, the abuse began when her CD4 count was 173.Furthermore, the patent was a single working mother whose sister died shortly before the lesions appeared.The World Health organization predicts that by the year 2000,lO million children worldwide will be infected with HIV.6In the United States, in 1994, approximately 20,000 children had been infected with HIV.6
DETECTION OF MULTI-VESSEL DISEASES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS USING DELTA-LONGITUDINAL STRAIN WITH ADENOSINE-STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY : COMPARISON WITH TL-201 SPECT
Authors: Jun Tanaka, Kazumasa Harada, Aya Tanaka, Yasuko Imai, Ayumi Toba, Hajime Yokota, Kazuhiro Takeda, Iwao Kuwajima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Rates of TB across Europe are not falling quickly enough, officials warn
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Rates of tuberculosis (TB) are declining too slowly for Europe to eliminate the disease this century, public health officials have warned.

A joint report from the World Health Organization’s Europe office and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control showed that the number of new TB cases in Europe fell from an estimated 380 000 in 2012 to about 360 000 in 2013.1

The majority (85%) of cases of TB occur in the former Soviet bloc, which has seen a decline in cases …