tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-372: Activation of focal adhesion kinase in cancer cells is regulated by crosstalk between PKCα and MDA-9/syntenin
Authors: Cheol Hwangbo, Suhyun Lee, Jeongmin Lee, Jungwon Kang, Jeong-Hyung Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract mda-9/Syntenin, a tandem PDZ-domain containing adaptor protein, functions as a positive regulator of cancer cell progression in several human cancers. Protein kinase Cα (PKCα) is a key intermediate between integrins and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling in response to fibronectin (FN), but the molecular mechanism by which PKCα regulates FN-induced FAK activation remains unclear. Here, we report that mda-9/syntenin links FN-induced activation of FAK and PKCα in human breast cancer and melanoma cells. FN induced mda-9/syntenin expression and PKCα activation in a similar manner prior to FAK activation. PKCα inhibition resulted in the suppression of the endogenous and FN-induced mda-9/syntenin expression, as well as mda-9/syntenin-induced cell migration and invasion toward FN. mda-9/Syntenin expression and PKCα activation was interdependently regulated; e.g., inhibition of mda-9/syntenin suppressed both FN-induced and endogenous phosphorylation of PKCα at Thr638/641, and inhibition of PKCα suppressed both FN-induced and endogenous expression of mda-9/syntenin. Moreover, inhibition of either mda-9/syntenin or PKCα suppressed the FN-induced association of integrin- 1/FAK/c-Src signaling complexes. Consistently, suppression of either mda-9/syntenin or PKCα significantly inhibited FN-induced phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr397 and c-Src at Tyr416, activation of downstream signaling molecules such p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), Cdc42 GTPase, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). These findings demonstrate that PKC -dependent mda-9/syntenin up regulation could play a critical role in FN-induced activation of FAK, and mda-9/syntenin may act as a molecular adaptor that links PKCα and FAK during adhesion to FN in human breast cancer and melanoma cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-372.
Influence of airspace geometry and surfactant on the retention of man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF 10a).
Authors: Marianne Geiser, Matthias Matter, Isabelle Maye, Vinzenz Im Hof, Peter Gehr, Samuel Schürch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Inhaled and deposited man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) 10a (low-fluorine preparation of Schuller 901 insulation glass) were studied by electron microscopy in hamster lungs, fixed by intravascular perfusion within 23 +/- 2 min (SD) of the initial inhalation. We found fibers on the surfaces of conducting airways and alveoli. In the airways, 89% of the fibers were totally and 11% partially covered by lining-layer material. In the alveoli, 32% of the fibers were totally submersed; others touched the alveolar wall, stuck at one end, bridging the airspace. Studies in a surface balance showed that fibers were immersed into the aqueous subphase by approximately 50% at film surface tensions of 20-25 mJ/m2) and were submersed (totally immersed; i.e., totally surrounded by fluid) at approximately 10 mJ/m2). Fibers were also found to be phagocytosed by macrophages. We found a substantial number of particle profiles within alveolar blood capillaries. Fiber length and alveolar geometry appear to be important limiting factors for the submersion of vitreous fibers into the lungs' surface lining layer.
A simplified protocol of steroid injection for psoriatic nail dystrophy
Authors: None DE Berker, None Lawrence
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Subjects seeking therapy for psoriatic nail dystrophy were recruited from routine clinics and involved digits were scored between 0 and 3 for severity of each of five features: subungual hyperkeratosis, pitting, onycholysis, ridging and thickening. These features were re-scored 2 months after injection of triamcinolone acetonide (0.4 mL, 10 mg/mL) into the nail bed and matrix following ring block, and then at 3-monthly intervals. A second injection was offered at 2 months if warranted by poor response. Forty-six digits were injected in 19 subjects (12 women, 7 men, mean age 48 years) receiving a mean of 1.2 doses. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 17 months (mean 9.4). Results are given for responses sustained up until the last follow-up. Onycholysis was present in 36 digits (78%) and improved in 18 (50%) of these. Pitting was present in 20 (43%), improving in nine (45%) and remaining unchanged in 11 (55%). Subungual hyperkeratosis was present in 16 (35%) and always improved after injection. Ridging was also present in 16 (35%) and improved in all but one instance. Thickening was present in 12 cases (26%), improving in 10 (83%) and remaining unchanged in the rest. Although onycholysis and pitting are the most common elements of psoriatic dystrophy we show that they are the least responsive to steroid injected in this fashion. However, subungual hyperkeratosis, ridging and thickening respond well, with benefit sustained for at least 9 months. When these are the dominant features of a nail dystrophy, treatment according to the protocol in this study appears justified.
Antibiotic Combinations
Authors: Wilfred F. Jones, Maxwell Finland, Clare Wilcox, Ann Najarian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THERE is a paucity of useful data from which the therapeutic effectiveness of combinations of antibiotics can be compared with that of their individual components. This may be accounted for, in large measure, by the great difficulties in obtaining adequately controlled and reliable clinical data from the treatment of patients. Attempts have, therefore, been made in this laboratory to approach the problem by assaying and comparing in the same subjects the antibacterial action of blood after administration of antibiotics in the same doses singly and in pairs. Reports of the results of studies of two pairs of antibiotics have already . . .
Interaction Between Conducted Vasodilation and Sympathetic Nerve Activation in Arterioles of Hamster Striated Muscle
Authors: David T. Kurjiaka, Steven S. Segal
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that sympathetic nerve activity can influence the conduction of vasodilation along the arteriolar wall. Arterioles in the superfused cremaster muscle of anesthetized male hamsters (n=21, 109±4 g) were studied. Microelectrodes were positioned adjacent to the distal end of primary arterioles to stimulate sympathetic nerves throughout arteriolar networks (perivascular nerve stimulation [PNS]). Microiontophoresis micropipettes (tip outer diameter, 1 to 2 μm) filled with acetylcholine (ACh, 1 mol/L) were positioned adjacent to the wall of second-order (2A) or third-order (3A) arterioles ≈1 mm distal to their origin to induce local and conducted vasodilation; diameter responses were recorded at the micropipette tip and at vessel origins, respectively. For 2A and 3A arterioles (resting diameters, 15 to 54 and 9 to 30 μm, respectively), vasoconstriction with PNS was frequency dependent (0.5 to 32 Hz); this was attenuated by 65% ( P &lt;.05) with α-adrenoceptor blockade (phentolamine, 1 μmol/L). Conducted vasodilation was attenuated by &gt;40% during 16-Hz PNS ( P &lt;.05); this effect was reversed by phentolamine. In a reciprocal fashion, conducted vasodilation diminished PNS-induced vasoconstriction by ≈50% ( P &lt;.05). Elevating oxygen (from 0% to 10%) in the superfusion solution induced vasoconstriction similar to that with 16-Hz PNS yet had no effect on conduction. Neural blockade with tetrodotoxin (1 μmol/L) eliminated PNS-induced vasoconstriction and enhanced ( P &lt;.05) conducted vasodilation. These findings indicate that perivascular nerves in striated muscle can influence cell-to-cell communication along the arteriolar wall both at rest and during enhanced sympathetic activity. The attenuation of sympathetic vasoconstriction by conducted vasodilation suggests a novel explanation for functional sympatholysis.
Seven ways to hone your ethics skills
Authors: D. K. Sokol
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In developing clinical technique, don’t neglect the “softer” skills such as ethics



As an amateur magician, whenever I find the time to practise I focus on technical sleights. In front of the mirror I repeat the same move again and again. I transfer a coin from one hand to the next, blow on the fist, and—boom—it vanishes. I wipe my hands together to show that the coin is gone. I repeat the process until it becomes second nature, or until boredom kicks in.

The problem is that, in my zeal to master the technique, I neglect the “softer” skills. I spend barely any time on words and gestures that should accompany the effect. As a result of my skewed emphasis, I am a technically proficient but average magician.

In medicine the temptation is also to focus on technique in the quest for self improvement. Junior doctors seek to add to their portfolio of procedures, and the “softer” ethical skills are given short shrift. Here are …
Ineffectiveness of Isolation of Patients as a Method of Preventing the Spread of Mumps
Authors: Philip A. Brunell, Anthony Brickman, Donna O'Hare, Sharon Steinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

During an outbreak of mumps all susceptible children on an open ward were infected despite the fact that cases were isolated at the first sign of parotid swelling. The ineffectiveness of isolation could probably be attributed to the finding that virus was recovered from the pharynx of children before the onset of parotid swelling. Moreover, only nine of 13 mumps infections were manifested by parotitis. Mumps skin-test reactions of children who did not get mumps were less than 10 mm in four, 15 mm or more in one and intermediate in one. Reactions of children in whom mumps subsequently developed were 15 mm or more in four, less than 10 mm in five and intermediate in three. All nine of the children who did not have detectable serum antibody and none of the six who had antibody at the time of exposure subsequently contracted mumps. The neutralizing-antibody test, in contrast to the mumps skin test, proved to be a reliable method for predicting immunity to mumps.
Neuronal release of proBDNF
Authors: Jianmin Yang, Chia-Jen Siao, Guhan Nagappan, Tina Marinic, Deqiang Jing, Kelly McGrath, Zhe-Yu Chen, Willie Mark, Lino Tessarollo, Francis S Lee, Bai Lu, Barbara L Hempstead
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2009)
Immediate Recovery of Psychomotor Function After Patient-Administered Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Inhalation for Colonoscopy
Authors: J. Trojan, B. P. Saunders, M. Woloshynowych, H. S. Debinsky, C. B. Williams
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: Previous studies have shown that patients inhaling self-administered nitrous oxide/oxygen as a sedative/analgesic medication for colonoscopy were ready to leave the endoscopy unit on average sooner than those given conventional intravenous premedication. The aim of this study was to define the time course of recovery after nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation or intravenous opiate/benzodiazepine premedication for colonoscopy.
No effect of oral treatment with an intestinal bacterial strain, <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (ATCC 53103), on birch‐pollen allergy: a placebo‐controlled double‐blind study
Authors: T. Helin, S. Haahtela, T. Haahtela
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Oral probiotic bacteriotherapy with Lactobacillus rhamnosus has given promising results in small children with food allergy. We studied the effects of similar therapy in teenagers and young adults, who were allergic to birch pollen and apple food and had intermittent symptoms of atopic allergy and/or mild asthma. Methods: We conducted a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, in which respiratory and eye symptoms and use of medications in two groups were compared. Open oral challenge tests with a slice of apple were performed trice: before, during and after the birch‐pollen season. There were 18 patients in each group. They used Lactobacillus rhamnosus for 5.5 months; 2.5 months before the pollen season, 1 month during the season (May), and 2 months after. Results: The results were negative. The treatment did not alleviate the symptoms of the patients or reduce their use of medication during the birch‐pollen season or the subsequent 2 months. The treatment did not significantly affect the symptoms caused by apple in the oral challenge tests. Conclusions: We found no indication of a beneficial treatment effect in our patients. As the number of patients was relatively small, conclusions should be drawn with caution.
Retroperitoneal Lymphadenectomy for Testicular Tumors
Authors: Patrick C. Walsh
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Sixty-four patients have been observed for three years or more after radical lymphadenectomy for nonseminomatous germinal-cell tumors of the testis. The results of this study indicate that survival rates of patients with stage A teratocarcinoma and embryonal carcinoma were excellent (93% and 94%, respectively). In patients with stage B tumors, survival rates were far better in the teratocarcinoma group (77%) than in patients with embryonal carcinoma (29%). The study failed to document the value of postlymphadenectomy radiation therapy for either embryonal carcinoma or teratocarcinoma. Furthermore, there appears to be no advantage to bilateral lymphadenectomy over unilateral lymph-node dissection. Results from studies employing either the lumbar approach or transperitoneal approach appear to be equal.
PITYRIASIS VEESICOLOR: A CLINICAL AND MYCOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
Authors: S.O. B. ROBERTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article PITYRIASIS VEESICOLOR: A CLINICAL AND MYCOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION Get access S.O. B. ROBERTS S.O. B. ROBERTS Department of Dermatology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 5, 1 May 1969, Pages 315–326, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb13990.x Published: 01 May 1969 Article history Accepted: 28 October 1968 Published: 01 May 1969
Arterial Remodeling After Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Gary S. Mintz, Jeffrey J. Popma, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, S. Chiu Wong, Mun K. Hong, Julie A. Kovach, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Restenosis occurs after 30% to 50% of transcatheter coronary procedures; however, the natural history and pathophysiology of restenosis are still incompletely understood. Methods and Results Serial (postintervention and follow-up) intravascular ultrasound imaging was used to study 212 native coronary lesions in 209 patients after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, directional coronary atherectomy, rotational atherectomy, or excimer laser angioplasty. The external elastic membrane (EEM) and lumen cross-sectional areas (CSA) were measured; plaque plus media (P+M) CSA was calculated as EEM minus lumen CSA. The anatomic slice selected for serial analysis had an axial location within the target lesion at the smallest follow-up lumen CSA. At follow-up, 73% of the decrease in lumen (from 6.6±2.5 to 4.0±3.7 mm 2 , P &lt;.0001) was due to a decrease in EEM (from 20.1±6.4 to 18.2±6.4 mm 2 , P &lt;.0001); 27% was due to an increase in P+M (from 13.5±5.5 to 14.2±5.4 mm 2 , P &lt;.0001). ΔLumen CSA correlated more strongly with ΔEEM CSA ( r =.751, P &lt;.0001) than with ΔP+M CSA ( r =.284, P &lt;.0001). ΔEEM was bidirectional; 47 lesions (22%) showed an increase in EEM. Despite a greater increase in P+M (1.5±2.5 versus 0.5±2.0 mm 2 , P =.0009), lesions exhibiting an increase in EEM had (1) no change in lumen (−0.1±3.3 versus 3.6±2.3 mm 2 , P &lt;.0001), (2) a reduced restenosis rate (26% versus 62%, P &lt;.0001), and (3) a 49% frequency of late lumen gain (versus 1%, P &lt;.0001) compared with lesions with no increase in EEM. Conclusions Restenosis appears to be determined primarily by the direction and magnitude of vessel wall remodeling (ΔEEM). An increase in EEM is adaptive, whereas a decrease in EEM contributes to restenosis.
Successful treatment of Diamond‐Blackfan anemia with metoclopramide
Authors: Masaharu Akiyama, Takaaki Yanagisawa, Yuki Yuza, Kentaro Yokoi, Masamichi Ariga, Kohji Fujisawa, Yasutaka Hoshi, Yoshikatsu Eto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Diamond‐Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital anemia characterized by a low reticulocyte count, the absence or severe reduction of hemoglobin‐containing cells in the bone marrow, and normal megakaryocytic and granulocytic differentiation. Although the anemia may initially respond to corticosteroid therapy, many patients require lifelong red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, leading to infectious complications and iron overload. Metoclopramide has recently been used to treat DBA. Treatment with metoclopramide induces the release of prolactin from the pituitary and stimulates erythropoiesis. For these reasons, we used metoclopramide to treat a 20‐year‐old man with DBA refractory to low and high doses of corticosteroids, cyclosporin A, and tacrolimus (FK506). The hemoglobin and hematocrit slowly increased, and he has remained asymptomatic and transfusion‐independent for 8 months. Metoclopramide therapy should be considered in patients with refractory DBA before treatment‐related complications develop. Am. J. Hematol. 78:295–298, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 4487: Clopidogrel Resistance in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: One Year Outcome
Authors: Amala Chirumamilla, Roxana Mehran, Giora Weisz, Somjot S Brar, LeRoy Rabbani, Andy Morales, Srilakshmi Reddy, Debora D Sugirtharaj, Dorothy Franklin, Damiana Fiscella, Konstantinos Sfakianakis, Michael B Collins, Martin B Leon, Gregg W Stone, Jeffrey W Moses, George Dangas
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Clopidogrel therapy is critical in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Data are lacking on long term outcomes of clopidogrel resistance (CR) and its definition. Methods: We identified 389 patients who underwent PCI during a 6 month period. Using the VerifyNow Point-of-care assay, P2Y12 platelet reaction units (PRU) and percent inhibition of platelet activation (IPA) were measured 16 –24 hours after the loading dose of clopidogrel (600mg for patients not on clopidogrel daily, and 300mg for patients on clopidogrel 75mg daily) but before the next day clopidogrel dose. CR was defined as PRU &gt;200, %IPA&lt;10% or IPA&lt;20%. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) included death, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and unplanned repeat coronary revascularization. Results: Mean age of patients was 65±11 years, 24% females and 31% diabetics. PRU mean value is 173±93, IPA mean value=47.5±42, CR is found in PRU&gt;200 =36%(140), IPA&lt;10% =8%(31), IPA &lt;20% = 16.4%(64) patients. Presence of myocardial infarction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, renal disease, smoking history, stable or unstable angina at admission were similar between the PRU groups and between IPA groups. Diabetes and older age were more prevalent in clopidogrel resistance patients. 1-year MACE rates are shown below. Conclusion: Clopidogrel resistance is an important predictor of long-term MACE in patients undergoing PCI, particularly when defined as Platelet Reaction Units &gt;200.
Tapeworm Infection of the Brain
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Congenital Heart Disease.--I
Authors: P. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1950)

PART IIn the past the chief contributions to the better under- standing of congenital heart disease have been based on necropsy studies, particularly those by Peacock (1866), Keith, (1909), and Maud Abbott (1928).More recently, Brown (1939) and Helen Taussig (1947) have presented us with important monographs from a more practical angle, but even these have depended on the correlation of clinical and post-mortem findings.In some respects all these works have necessarily been influenced by the selected nature of the material, and have tended to create a number of false impressions.For example, of Abbott's 1,000 cases there were 37 with three-chambered hearts, 81 with partial or complete transposition of the great vessels, 40 with pul- monary atresia, 21 with persistent truncus, and 16 with tricuspid atresia (total 195); against 33 with atrial septal defect (A.S.D.), 55 with uncomplicated ventricular septal defects (V.S.D.), 105 with uncomplicated patent ductus, 9 with simple pulmonary stenosis, and about 71 with Fallot's tetralogy (total 273), giving a ratio of the rare to the com- mon types of 2:3.Again, in 1947 Helen Taussig stated that she hadnever had an opportunity of studying a single case of pure pulmonary stenosis.The suggestion that V.S.D. accounts for 35-40% of all congenital hearts seen in school-children (Perry, 1931 ; Muir and Brown, 1934) is also unacceptable.In recent years, modern techniques have made it pos- sible to prove the precise nature and physiological effects of 90% of all congenital cardiac anomalies during life.In the light of this rapidly acquired knowledge of dynamic processes, many physical signs have acquired a new significance and their proper interpretation has so greatly im- proved bedside diagnosis that the special investigations responsible for their discovery have already become super- fluous in many cases.The time is ripe, therefore, for a Teview of the whole subject of congenital heart disease from a more functional standpoint, to present a fresh account of these physical signs, to offer a more practical and physio- logical classification of the common or well-recognized anomalies, and incidentally to give a truer picture of their 'clinical incidence.By implication, stillborn infants and those dying shortly after birth have been excluded from the study.
Treatment of Delirium Tremens
Authors: J. Weaver
Journal: BMJ (1862)

loss, however, soon became hemorrhagic, taking away all her strength, and threatening serious consequences.For several days we plugged the vagina with a sponge dipped in Ruspini's styptic, and on one occasion in- jected aln ounce of this into the uterus.She also took a dessert-spoonful of it internally every three hours, after having tried other astringents and ergot, all of which disagreed with her stomach.Her bowels also became