tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of alterations in dietary carbohydrate intake on running performance during a 10 km treadmill time trial.
Authors: Y P Pitsiladis, C Duignan, R J Maughan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1996)

To examine the influence of a seven day diet manipulation on performance during a 10 km treadmill time trial in trained runners.Six trained runners ran two 10 km time trials on a treadmill set at a constant 4% gradient, each after a 7 d period of dietary manipulation. The two experimental diets were a low carbohydrate (CHO) diet (40% CHO by total energy) to be consumed for 7 d, and a high CHO diet containing 55% CHO for the first 4 d followed by 70% CHO for the remaining 3 d. Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after each run. Expired gases were collected and heart rate monitored.Performance time following the high CHO [48.6(SD 2.7) min] and low CHO [48.6(2.3) min] diets was not different (P = 0.72), nor were there any differences in running speed between conditions. No significant differences were found between conditions in any of the metabolites measured (blood lactate, glucose, glycerol, and plasma free fatty acids). The rate of CHO oxidation was greater on the high CHO diet compared to the low CHO diet (P < 0.05). Heart rate was not different between conditions.The results of this study indicate that moderate changes in the composition of the diet do not affect 10 km running performance in trained subjects.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Still Life With Peaches&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
QRS-T Patterns in Multiple Precordial Leads That May Be Mistaken for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: GORDON B. MYERS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The electrocardiograms of patients in whom myocardial infarction was excluded at autopsy are presented to bring out (1) the following features of left bundle branch block suggesting anteroseptal infarction—QS or qrS patterns in leads from the right precordium or localized to intermediate leads and/or cove plane inversion of the T waves near the transitional zone; (2) the following features of right bundle branch block suggesting infarction—pseudo Q waves, elevated RS-T segments and inverted T waves in right precordial leads, prominent Q waves in leads from the left precordium.
Asbestos in water supplies of the United States.
Authors: J R Millette, P J Clark, J Stober, M Rosenthal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The review of available data on the concentrations of asbestos in U.S. water supplies suggests that the majority of water consumers are not exposed to asbestos concentrations over 1 million fibers/Liter. A few populations, however, may be exposed to concentrations over 1 billion fibers/L. Of the 538 water supplies for which waterborne asbestos data are available, 8% have concentrations of fibers over 10 million fibers/L. The vast majority of asbestos fibers found in U.S. water supplies are under 5 micron in length.
Phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of red blood cells from β‐thalassemia patients may explain the chronic hypercoagulable state and thrombotic episodes
Authors: Vered Borenstain‐Ben Yashar, Yechezkel Barenholz, Esther Hy‐Am, Eliezer A. Rachmilewitz, Amiram Eldor
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Investigation of red blood cells from β‐thalassemia patients by means of prothrombinase assay reveals phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. This might explain their elevated susceptibility to phagocytosis by macrophages and the chronic hypercoagulable state, frequent thrombotic events, and life‐long platelet activation that are found in thalassemic patients. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BCR-ABL Rearrangement in Adult T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: G. W. B. Colleoni, M. Yamamoto, J. Kerbauy, R. C. Serafim, C. J. Lindsey, F. F. Costa, C. R. E. Grignolli, S. T. O. Saad
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)
Is Violent Method of Suicide a Behavioral Marker of Lifetime Aggression?
Authors: Alexandre Dumais, Alain D. Lesage, Aleksandra Lalovic, Monique Séguin, Michel Tousignant, Nadia Chawky, Gustavo Turecki
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether the method of suicide is a valid behavioral marker of a lifetime history of aggression.The authors applied the psychological autopsy method to investigate 310 individuals who committed suicide. They used structured clinical assessments and personality trait scales in interviews with family members of the deceased.Violent method was associated with a higher level of lifetime aggression and a higher level of impulsivity. In addition, violent method was associated with lifetime substance abuse or dependence and psychotic disorders. Controlling for age, sex, substance disorders, and other major psychopathology, the authors found that lifetime aggression and the interaction between impulsivity and aggressive behavior remained associated with violent method.These results support the use of violent method of suicide as a behavioral marker of a higher level of lifetime impulsive-aggressive behaviors.
A facile method for somatic, lifelong manipulation of multiple genes in the mouse liver
Authors: Kirk J. Wangensteen, Andrew Wilber, Vincent W. Keng, Zhiying He, Ilze Matise, Laura Wangensteen, Corey M. Carson, Yixin Chen, Clifford J. Steer, Scott R. McIvor, David A. Largaespada, Xin Wang, Stephen C. Ekker
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Current techniques for the alteration of gene expression in the liver have a number of limitations, including the lack of stable somatic gene transfer and the technical challenges of germline transgenesis. Rapid and stable genetic engineering of the liver would allow systematic, in vivo testing of contributions by many genes to disease. After fumaryl acetoacetate hydrolase ( Fah ) gene transfer to hepatocytes, selective repopulation of the liver occurs in FAH-deficient mice. This genetic correction is readily mediated with transposons. Using this approach, we show that genes with biological utility can be linked to a selectable Fah transposon cassette. First, net conversion of Fah −/− liver tissue to transgenic tissue, and its outgrowth, was monitored by bioluminescence in vivo from a luciferase gene linked to the FAH gene. Second, coexpressed short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) stably reduced target gene expression, indicating the potential for loss-of-function assays. Third, a mutant allele of human α1-antitrypsin (hAAT) was linked to Fah and resulted in protein inclusions within hepatocytes, which are the histopathological hallmark of hAAT deficiency disorder. Finally, oncogenes linked to Fah resulted in transformation of transduced hepatocytes. Conclusion: Coexpression with FAH is an effective technique for lifelong expression of transgenes in adult hepatocytes with applicability to a wide variety of genetic studies in the liver.
Moving away from rational medicine?
Authors: G. de Wildt, H. Sweeney
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The General Medical Council has taken a major step away from the concept of confidentiality in its guidelines on HIV and AIDS, which have recently gone to all doctors in Britain.* The GMC advises doctors to break this cornerstone of the doctor and patient relationship under certain circumstances. It states that “the doctor may consider it a duty to seek to ensure that any sexual partner is informed in order to safeguard persons from infection.” Furthermore, in the case of a health worker infected with HIV, the GMC now sees it as the duty of a doctor to inform the patient's employer, or head of service, usually another doctor, of the patient's HIV state, if the patient is thought not to have sought or followed advice to modify his or her professional behaviour. This may have profound effects, not only on the trust between patient and doctor, but also on the practising of rational medicine. The Lancet queried the wisdom of breaking confidentiality by informing a patient's partner. We question the wisdom of informing the employer of a patient who is a health professional.

While the GMC acknowledges that there is only one proved case of infection of a patient by a health professional—a dentist in the United States—the guidelines place …
Aplasia cutis associated with coarctation of the aorta: could this be an incomplete form of Adams?Oliver syndrome?
Authors: C. Heras Mulero, R. Bartralot Soler, L. Rodríguez-Cano, J. Mollet Sánchez, L. Palacio Aller, G. Aparicio Español, D. Bodet Castillo, P. Bassas Freixas, V. García-Patos
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, We report the association of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) of the scalp and coarctation of the aorta in a newborn. A female child was born after suffering intrauterine growth retardation. Her mother’s obstetric history revealed a previous fetal death due to transposition of the great vessels. Physical examination of the patient revealed an alopecic and eroded plaque 2·5 cm in diameter, sited in the midline of the vertex. The lesion did not show a hair collar and was divided into two by a fibrous band (Fig. 1). A dimple in the lumbosacral region and a slightly dysmorphic ear were also found. No limb defects or cutis marmorata were observed. On the second day of life the patient presented with gasping, cyanosis and shortage of breath. Ultrasonography of the heart showed a severe coarctation of the aorta which was treated with a good outcome. Subsequent tests, including cranial and vertebral magnetic resonance imaging, were normal and a genetic study found a 46XX karyotype without microdeletions at 22q11. At present, the patient is 36 months old, healthy and follows a normal development. An alopecic and atrophic scar is still present on the scalp (Fig. 2).
Organ Replacement, Facial Deformity, and Plastic Surgery
Authors: Joseph E. Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

PLASTIC surgery, second only to obstetrics as the oldest surgical specialty, is tested most rigorously in the treatment of facial deformities. Through the centuries the mutilated nose cut off as punishment for murder, theft, or infidelity,1 the congenital cleft lip,2 and the face eaten by cancer or torn by trauma have forced the reconstructive surgeon to seek imaginative ways to restore both function and an aesthetically acceptable appearance.Whenever possible, surgical repair is performed by joining together adjacent areas; often, however, additional tissues such as grafts of skin, cartilage, fascia, or bone are needed to replace the missing or injured . . .
Antiretroviral Treatment as Prevention
Authors: Scott M. Hammer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The numbers that define the scope of the HIV–AIDS pandemic are staggering: 30 years, 60 million infections, 30 million deaths. We have not been defenseless in this fight, however. The introduction of potent combination antiretroviral therapy in 1996 and the public health approach to HIV treatment in resource-limited settings in 2002 have changed the course of the epidemic.1,2 In parallel with treatment, the use of antiretroviral drugs as a prevention tool has been a focus from the beginning of the antiretroviral-therapy era, with the hallmark achievement being the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the virus. The result has been . . .
Acute Massive Bilateral Pneumothorax
Authors: C. N. Peabody, Bernard W. J. Lubke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

ONE of the strongest arguments in favor of prompt closed thoracotomy and catheter drainage in the treatment of massive pneumothorax is the possibility that another collapse will occur contralaterally. The lethal predicament that results when bilateral pneumothorax occurs sequentially and acutely is one that has not heretofore been emphasized. How and why this dramatic situation should have been seen by us twice recently is the reason for this communication. The following cases speak for themselves.Case ReportsCase 1. J.F. (F.U.H. 157976), a 37-year-old-man, was admitted to the hospital on December 12, 1959, with injuries received in an automobile accident. . . .
Enhancing Radiotherapy With Genetically Engineered Viruses
Authors: Sunil J. Advani, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Steven J. Chmura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been used to treat a variety of tumors to improve local control and overall survival. Gene therapy strategies represent a novel means to further improve the therapeutic ratio of ionizing radiation. Cancer gene therapy strategies in clinical trials include the use of replication-defective shuttle vectors to deliver exogenous genes and replication-competent oncolytic viruses. This review focuses on these approaches in the context of radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy. In the shuttle vector approach, exogenous gene products that enhance ionizing radiation-mediated tumor cell destruction have been selected. Moreover, the expression of exogenous genes encoding therapeutic proteins can be regulated through the use of ionizing radiation-enhanced promoters. Also, genetically engineered attenuated replication-competent viruses have been investigated in clinical trials. Preclinical data indicate that ionizing radiation interacts with replication-competent oncolytic viruses to enhance viral replication and tumor destruction. Here, we review the background preclinical and current clinical data utilizing gene therapy with radiotherapy.
Abstract 5263: Identification of a lipid raft protein that is required for H-Ras activation and breast cancer aggressiveness
Authors: Hae-Young Yong, Eun-Sook Kim, Minsoo Koh, Hwajin Son, You Rim Jeon, Jin-Sun Hwang, Myeong-Ok Kim, Yujin Cha, Wahn Soo Choi, Dong-Young Noh, Kyung-Min Lee, Ki-Bum Kim, Jae-Seon Lee, Hyung Joon Kim, Hong-Hee Kim, Eun Joo Kim, So Yeon Park, Hyeong-Reh Choi Kim, Aree Moon
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract In an attempt to identify biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for malignant breast cancer, the present study showed a comparative proteome profiling of invasive MCF10A human breast epithelial cells engineered to express active H-Ras and non-invasive cells expressing active N-Ras. Here, we identified a lipid raft protein DS-20, a crucial regulator of H-Ras activation, as a potential marker for invasive breast cancer. DS-20 (amino acid residues 1-38) interacted with H-Ras (residues 166-189) in lipid rafts and their interaction was important for H-Ras activation. DS-20 knockdown inhibited H-Ras activation and invasion in Hs578T triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) and T24 bladder carcinoma cells in which H-Ras is endogenously activated, suggesting a crucial role of DS-20 in the invasive program which relies on the activation of H-Ras. We further showed that DS-20 was required for epidermal growth factor-induced H-Ras activation, but not that of N-Ras, in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Intravasation of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with shRNA DS-20 in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model was markedly reduced, indicating that DS-20 is required for an invasive capacity in vivo. In a xenograft mice tumor model, DS-20 was essential for in vivo tumor aggressiveness of Hs578T cells, suggesting DS-20 as a potential target for the treatment of breast cancer. Using human breast cancer samples, we provide clinical evidence for the tumorigenic potential of DS-20 and its association with H-Ras. Taken together, our findings provide a new insight into the molecular basis of Ras isoform-specific interplay with plasma membrane leading to cell invasion. Citation Format: Hae-Young Yong, Eun-Sook Kim, Minsoo Koh, Hwajin Son, You Rim Jeon, Jin-Sun Hwang, Myeong-Ok Kim, Yujin Cha, Wahn Soo Choi, Dong-Young Noh, Kyung-Min Lee, Ki-Bum Kim, Jae-Seon Lee, Hyung Joon Kim, Hong-Hee Kim, Eun Joo Kim, So Yeon Park, Hyeong-Reh Choi Kim, Aree Moon. Identification of a lipid raft protein that is required for H-Ras activation and breast cancer aggressiveness. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5263. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5263
Hypoglycaemia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
Authors: C J Kelnar
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Methods and resultsAll patients had ingested paracetamol within the preceding 18 hours.Daily routine liver function tests and serum ferritins were performed and liver biopsy was obtained on the fourth or fifth day or when the prothrombin ratio was normal if that was later.One pathologist assessed biopsies blind and graded them as showing mild, moderate, or severe changes as described elsewhere.3The patients were placed into three groups according to conventional liver function tests.Group 1 (eight females and one male): no liver damage.Serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) within normal range (4-20 IU).Liver biopsy grading showed eight with mild and one with moderate damage.Group 2 (five females and three males): moderate damage.SGOT rose but did not exceed 400 IU.Biopsy gradings showed one with mild and seven with moderate damage.Group 3 (eight females): severe damage.SGOT rose higher than 400 IU.Biopsy grading showed eight with severe damage.The groups did not differ with regard to time between ingestion of paracetamol and admission to hospital.Serum ferritin was measured by immunoradiometric assay as described by Addison et al,4 and values above 6000 Zg/l were not measured quantitatively.Reference values were established in healthy laboratory and medical staff.In 12 males the range was 32-240,ug/l (mean 102,ug/1).In 16 females the range was 17-158 /Ag/l (mean 53 j,g/l).
Lenalidomide inhibits the proliferation of CLL cells via a cereblon/p21WAF1/Cip1-dependent mechanism independent of functional p53
Authors: Jessie-F. Fecteau, Laura G. Corral, Emanuela M. Ghia, Svetlana Gaidarova, Diahnn Futalan, Ila Sri Bharati, Brian Cathers, Maria Schwaederlé, Bing Cui, Antonia Lopez-Girona, Davorka Messmer, Thomas J. Kipps
Journal: Blood (2014)
Expression of the alpha-1-antitrypsin gene in mononuclear phagocytes of normal and alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficient individuals.
Authors: J F Mornex, A Chytil-Weir, Y Martinet, M Courtney, J P LeCocq, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

To evaluate the contribution of mononuclear phagocytes, and particularly alveolar macrophages, to alpha-1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) production in normal and alpha 1AT-deficient individuals, Northern analysis with a human alpha 1AT complementary DNA was used to demonstrate that alpha 1AT messenger RNA (mRNA) can be detected in liver, blood monocytes, and alveolar macrophages. Quantification of alpha 1AT mRNA expression demonstrated that: (a) type PiMM monocytes and alveolar macrophages expressed, respectively, 200-fold and 70-fold less alpha 1AT mRNA per cell than the liver; (b) the level of expression of the alpha 1AT gene was increased during the in vitro maturation of blood monocytes; and (c) blood monocyte and alveolar macrophage levels of expression of the alpha 1AT gene were the same in PiMM and PiZZ individuals. However, the amount of newly synthesized alpha 1AT secreted by ZZ alveolar macrophages was 10 times lower than that secreted by MM alveolar macrophages. Thus, mononuclear phagocytes of PiZZ individuals express a secretory defect in alpha 1AT in a fashion similar to hepatocytes. Not only do mononuclear phagocytes provide a readily accessible cell to evaluate the regulation of alpha 1AT gene expression, but these cells may contribute to the levels of alpha 1AT present in the lower respiratory tract in the normal and ZZ states.
ATM-dependent suppression of stress signaling reduces vascular disease in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Jochen G. Schneider, Brian N. Finck, Jie Ren, Kara N. Standley, Masatoshi Takagi, Kirsteen H. Maclean, Carlos Bernal-Mizrachi, Anthony J. Muslin, Michael B. Kastan, Clay F. Semenkovich
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
Health secretary is ordered to disclose government's assessment of risk posed by NHS changes
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

England’s health secretary, Andrew Lansley, has been ordered by the information commissioner to release a document that the Department of Health has sought to keep under wraps: its strategic risk register outlining the risks that his controversial reforms could pose to the NHS.

The department refused requests under the Freedom of Information Act from John Healey, the opposition Labour Party’s former health spokesman, and the London Evening Standard newspaper for disclosure of its strategic risk register.

It argued that making the risk assessment public “would jeopardise its ability to manage the transition and modernisation of the NHS, which would be detrimental to the totality of the policy, thereby risking the implementation of government policy and taxpayers’ money.”

However, the information commissioner, Christopher Graham, ruled on 2 November that “the factors are finely balanced in this case, but the considerable public …