tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
15-LOX-1: a Novel Molecular Target of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug-Induced Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: I. Shureiqi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2000)

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) appear to act via induction of apoptosis—programmed cell death—as potential colorectal cancer chemopreventive agents. NSAIDs can alter the production of different metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and arachidonic acids) through effects on lipoxygenases (LOXs) and cyclooxygenases. 15-LOX-1 is the main enzyme for metabolizing colonic linoleic acid to 13-S-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-S-HODE), which induces apoptosis. In human colorectal cancers, the expression of this enzyme is reduced. NSAIDs can increase 15-LOX enzymatic activity in normal leukocytes, but their effects on 15-LOX in neoplastic cells have been unknown. We tested the hypothesis that NSAIDs induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by increasing the protein expression and enzymatic activity of 15-LOX-1. Methods: We assessed 15-LOX-1 protein expression and enzymatic activity, 13-S-HODE levels, and 15-LOX-1 inhibition in association with cellular growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by NSAIDs (primarily sulindac and NS-398) in two colorectal cancer cell lines (RKO and HT-29). All P values are two-sided. Results: Sulindac and NS-398 progressively increased 15-LOX-1 protein expression in RKO cells (at 24, 48, and 72 hours) in association with subsequent growth inhibition and apoptosis. Increased 13-S-HODE levels and the formation of 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid on incubation of the cells with the substrate arachidonic acid confirmed the enzymatic activity of 15-LOX-1. Inhibition of 15-LOX-1 in RKO cells by treatment with caffeic acid blocked NS-398-induced 13-S-HODE production, cellular growth inhibition, and apoptosis (P = .007, P<.0001, and P<.0001, respectively); growth inhibition and apoptosis were restored by adding exogenous 13-S-HODE (P<.0001 for each) but not its parent compound, linoleic acid (P = 1.0 for each). Similar results occurred with other NSAIDs and in HT-29 cells. Conclusions: These data identify 15-LOX-1 as a novel molecular target of NSAIDs for inducing apoptosis in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Bleeding in a patient with lupus anticoagulant without associated hemostatic abnormalities
Authors: San San Wynn, Ian Rabinowitz, David Essex
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Bleeding is very rare in patients with lupus anticoagulants in the absence of associated hemostatic abnormalities. Few cases have been reported with attention given to work-up for other coagulation defects. We report a case of spontaneous hematoma in a patient with lupus anticoagulant, immunoglobulin (Ig)M anticardiolipin antibodies, and no other associated abnormalities. Am. J. Hematol. 59:258–259, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
869 CHARACTERIZATION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS PARTICLES IN HUMAN PLASMA: ASSOCIATION WITH IMMUNOGLOBULINS G1, G3 &amp; M AND APOLIPOPROTEINS A-I, A-II, B, C-I AND E
Authors: S. Nielsen, D. Sheridan, S. Bridge, D. Felmlee, D. Neely, G. Toms, M. Bassendine
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
A SET OF NEW CURETTES FOR OPERATING IN THE NASO-PHARYNGEAL VAULT.
Authors: HENRY W. WANDLESS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The cuts given herewith represent a set of curettes which I have devised for operating in the vault of the pharynx. They are specially designed for the removal of adenoids from the vault, granulations, and for curetting the mucous membrane in order to stimulate it to healthy functional activity. These curettes are made in pairs of which there are two. Each pair is composed of two sizes for large and small vaults and is designed for special conditions and localities which are described with each. It has been found that these curettes meet practically all the requirements in operating upon adenoids within the vault, except tumors that are too large to pass within the ring of the curette. Fig. 1 represents the first pair, which is adapted to the posterior walls of the vault only. It does not reach the roof of the vault, because the blade is not set
The BLNK adaptor protein has a nonredundant role in human B-cell differentiation
Authors: Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Michèle Millili, Sonia Luce, Annie Boned, Hanem Sadek, Julien Rouiller, Pierre Frange, Guilhem Cros, Marina Cavazzana, Isabelle André-Schmutz, Claudine Schiff
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Interaction of SH‐SY5Y Cells with Nanogratings During Neuronal Differentiation: Comparison with Primary Neurons
Authors: Ilaria Tonazzini, Alessandra Cecchini, Ype Elgersma, Marco Cecchini
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Controlling neuronal cell adhesion, migration, and axonal outgrowth via contact interactions with biomaterials is a critical element for tissue engineering applications and for developing artificial neuronal interfaces. One promising approach relies on the exploitation of nanostructured surfaces. Here, the human neuroblastoma cell line SH‐SY5Y is interfaced with plastic nanogratings (NGs; anisotropic topographies composed by alternating lines of grooves and ridges with sub‐micrometer lateral dimension). The SH‐SY5Y cells' (SHs) contact guidance is investigated under proliferating conditions and upon differentiation after treatment with retinoic acid (RA) and brain‐derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF), and compared with mouse primary hippocampal neurons (HNs). Quantitative readouts are obtained by measuring changes in tubulin cytoskeleton organization and cell morphology induced by mechanotransduction. Results demonstrate that SHs effectively retrieve substrate topographical signals, in particular during differentiation. Remarkably, RA/BDNF improves SH responsiveness to NG directional cues, and significantly enhances the alignment to the NG lines. HNs behave similarly, showing a marked change in network organization if cultured on NGs. These results might help the rational engineering of neuro‐regenerative scaffolds to improve peripheral nerve wound healing, as well as to investigate the basic mechanisms of neuronal wiring.
Simultaneous measurement of intestinal crypt cell production rate and water absorption.
Authors: R A Goodlad, J A Plumb, N A Wright
Journal: Gut (1987)

Intestinal cell proliferation and cell production is best quantified by measuring the rate of accumulation of vincristine arrested metaphases in microdissected intestinal crypts to determine the crypt cell production rate (CCPR). Studies of intestinal adaptation could be much more informative if a valid measure of intestinal function could also be included. One such method is the water absorption capacity. The CCPR of the jejunum and intestinal water absorption were measured in 19 groups of hypo and hyperproliferative rats which were in a 9steady state9 of cell production and turnover. The minimum values were obtained after hypophysectomy and the maximum values were observed in lactation. Crypt cell production rate and absorption were significantly correlated (p less than 0.001) to each other. There was a significant (p less than 0.001) correlation between both CCPR and absorption and dry weight of the intestinal segment studies and food intake. Body weight was a poor predictor of either CCPR or absorption. The combined study of CCPR and water absorption is thus a practical and convenient approach to the study of intestinal cell proliferation and intestinal adaptation.
Interactions between liposomes and human stratum corneum in vitro: freeze fracture electron microscopical visualization and small angle X-ray scattering studies
Authors: H. E. J. HOFLAND, J. A. BOUWSTRA, H. E. BODDÉ, F. SPIES, H. E. JUNGINGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

The interactions between three liposomal formulations and human stratum corneum were visualized using freeze fracture electron microscopy. A new replica cleaning method was introduced. Human stratum corneum was submerged for 48 h in liposome suspensions prepared from commercially available phospholipid mixtures. The size, lamellarity and lipid moieties of the liposomes were similar. The main difference between the three phospholipid formulations was the hydrophilicity of the headgroups. The composition dependence of the interactions between these vesicles and human stratum corneum was investigated. In essence, two types of interaction were observed: adsorption of the liposomes on to the outer surface of the stratum corneum, and ultrastructural changes in deeper layers of the stratum corneum caused by mixing of the liposomal constituents and the stratum corneum lipids. The electron microscopic observations were verified with small-angle X-ray scattering. It was found that liposomes composed of phospholipids containing relatively small hydrophilic headgroups showed a marked interaction with the skin lipids of human stratum corneum in vitro. The complexity of the phospholipid mixtures, however, made it very difficult to determine the exact effect each of these headgroups has on the interactions between these vesicles and human stratum corneum.
Salary Differences by Gender—Reply
Authors: Reshma Jagsi, Kent Griffith
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Viral Encephalitis Transmitted From Donor to Organ Recipients
Authors: Karen L. Roos
Journal: JAMA (2005)

BackgroundThree patients received solid organ transplants from a common donor and were subsequently discharged from the hospital following an uneventful hospital course. Within 30 days, all 3 organ recipients returned to the hospital with varying symptoms that progressed to rapid neurological deterioration, coma, and death.ObjectiveTo describe the clinical, neuroradiological, and pathological findings of rabies virus infection in organ transplant recipients infected from a common donor.DesignCase series involving a common donor and 3 organ recipients ascertained through review of clinical course and autopsy findings. A fourth case was determined by review of pending autopsy cases in which death occurred within the same time interval. Portions of postmortem central nervous system and organ tissues were frozen and formalin-fixed. Fluids and tissues were also collected for cultures, serology, and molecular studies. Postmortem fluids and tissues and antemortem fluids and tissues from all 4 transplant recipients and serum and banked lymphocyte or spleen cells from the donors were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for further evaluation.SettingTransplant unit of an urban teaching hospital.ResultsAntemortem cerebrospinal fluid analysis for 3 of the 4 recipients was consistent with a viral etiology. Neuroimaging and electroencephalogram studies were suggestive of an infectious encephalitis or a toxic encephalopathy. Initial laboratory testing did not demonstrate an infectious etiology. Postmortem histologic analysis, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and direct fluorescence antibody testing revealed rabies virus infection. Serological testing done postmortem confirmed rabies virus infection in the common donor.ConclusionsThese cases demonstrate a risk for transmitting rabies virus infection through solid organ and tissue transplantation, and this diagnosis should be considered in any rapidly progressing neurological disease.
EARLY ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR BLOCKADE AT PRESENTATION FOR ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IMPROVES OUTCOME: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Farzin Beygui, Jean-Philippe labbé, Nicolas Vignolles, Anne Bellemain-Appaix, Johanne Silvain, Guillaume Cayla, Jean-Philippe Collet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
β2-Microglobulin Signaling Blockade Inhibited Androgen Receptor Axis and Caused Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Wen-Chin Huang, Jonathan J. Havel, Haiyen E. Zhau, Wei Ping Qian, Hui-Wen Lue, Chia-Yi Chu, Takeo Nomura, Leland W.K. Chung
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: β2-Microglobulin (β2M) has been shown to promote osteomimicry and the proliferation of human prostate cancer cells. The objective of this study is to determine the mechanism by which targeting β2M using anti-β2M antibody inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. Experimental Design: Polyclonal and monoclonal β2M antibodies were used to interrupt β2M signaling in human prostate cancer cell lines and the growth of prostate tumors in mice. The effects of the β2M antibody on a survival factor, androgen receptor (AR), and its target gene, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression, were investigated in cultured cells and in tumor xenografts. Results: The β2M antibody inhibited growth and promoted apoptosis in both AR-positive and PSA-positive, and AR-negative and PSA-negative, prostate cancer cells via the down-regulation of the AR in AR-positive prostate cancer cells and directly caused apoptosis in AR-negative prostate cancer cells in vitro and in tumor xenografts. The β2M antibody had no effect on AR expression or the growth of normal prostate cells. Conclusions: β2M downstream signaling regulates AR and PSA expression directly in AR-positive prostate cancer cells. In both AR-positive and AR-negative prostate cancer cells, interrupting β2M signaling with the β2M antibody inhibited cancer cell growth and induced its apoptosis. The β2M antibody is a novel and promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of human prostate cancers.
US medical schools should say no to pharma support
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A report from the Association of American Medical Colleges suggests that all 129 member medical schools should prohibit pharmaceutical and devices manufacturers from providing gifts, food, and travel to doctors, faculty members, and students. The report will be considered at the association’s meeting in June.

The association set up a task force to examine industry funding and to guide the association, medical schools, and teaching hospitals in …
Effects of captopril and minoxidil on left ventricular hypertrophy in resistant hypertensive patients: A 6 month double-blind comparison
Authors: Jacques Julien, Marie-Anne Dufloux, Richard Prasquier, Gilles Chatellier, Daniele Menard, Pierre-Francois Plouin, Joel Menard, Pierre Corvol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
The genetic toxicity database of the National Toxicology Program: evaluation of the relationships between genetic toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Authors: R W Tennant
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The database of the U.S. National Toxicology Program has been developed over approximately two decades, principally focused on substances evaluated for carcinogenicity in rodent bioassays. These assays generally provide data on the relative toxicity and carcinogenicity of chemicals based upon discrete subchronic (13 week) and chronic (104 week) exposures. A major value of these data are that the assay protocols, rodent strains, and technical methodologies have been generally consistent, thus permitting comparisons between assays and chemicals. The genotoxicity data for many of the same chemicals have been developed also using standardized biological systems and protocols. Data for assays including mutagenicity in Salmonella and mouse lymphoma cells, chromosomal aberrations, and sister chromatid exchange in Chinese hamster ovary cells, transformation of Balb/c 3T3 cells, and in vivo cytogenetic effects in rodents have been compiled for many chemicals. The results of all of these assays provide a substantial database for evaluating chemical effects and for defining the complex relationships between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.
Abstract 1016: Combination low dose 5-azacytidine (AZA) and romidepsin (FK228) therapy re-sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin.
Authors: Andrew Wilson, Lanzi Sinaise, Jade M. Readus, Michelle Park, Anum S. Lalani, Jeanette Saskowski, Dineo Khabele
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy. Current options for treating platinum-resistant disease are limited by drug choices and toxicities. Epigenetic therapy is emerging as a strategy for reversing tumor resistance and a recent encouraging clinical trial in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer suggests a potential unique application in ovarian cancer. The epigenetic drugs histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTi) cause chromatin relaxation and multiple anti-tumor effects on cell growth, cell cycle, cell death and deregulation of DNA damage response and repair (DDR) pathways. Among HDACi we have tested in a panel of ovarian cancer cells, the depsipeptide FK228 exerts the most potent growth inhibitory effects in the majority of cells. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether the combination of FK228 and the DNMTi 5-azacytadine (AZA) can re-sensitize ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin more effectively than either agent alone. We found that FK228 synergized with low doses of the DNMTi 5-azacytadine (AZA) in SRB cell growth assays in vitro, and that low dose combinations of the drugs enhanced the growth inhibitory effects of cisplatin. Similar effects were observed when ovarian cancer cells were grown as xenografts in immunocompromised mice in vivo. Furthermore, a key DDR sensor, phosphorylated gamma-H2AX (pH2AX) activation was associated with the enhanced cytotoxic effects of the combination of the epigenetics and may be a marker of response. In conclusion, we have identified a novel combination of epigenetic drugs that can re-sensitize ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment, at least in part through stimulation of pH2AX. Targeting DDR pathways in DDR-deficient ovarian cancer cells with low dose epigenetic drugs represents a promising strategy in ovarian cancer treatment. Citation Format: Andrew Wilson, Lanzi Sinaise, Jade M. Readus, Michelle Park, Anum S. Lalani, Jeanette Saskowski, Dineo Khabele. Combination low dose 5-azacytidine (AZA) and romidepsin (FK228) therapy re-sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1016. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1016
STUDIES ON HYPERSENSITIVITY
Authors: P. G. H. Gell, B. Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

In earlier observations with the picryl system, it was concluded that contact sensitivity was a form of delayed (cellular) hypersensitivity to conjugates of sensitizer with autologous proteins indistinguishable in its immunological mechanism from other classical forms of delayed hypersensitivity to proteins. This conclusion has been confirmed and extended with the picryl and chlorbenzoyl chloride systems. 1. It is shown that to induce a state of contact sensitivity, the minimal necessary amounts of hapten are of the same order of magnitude, whether this hapten is conjugated with protein or the free reactive chemical itself. From this, it is evident that contamination of conjugates with small amounts of unreacted sensitizer plays no part in the induction of contact reactivity by the conjugate. With the dinitrophenyl system, no contact sensitivity could be induced by the conjugates used; possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. 2. Animals sensitized to contact by homologous conjugate can be completely desensitized by injections of such a conjugate in large amount; a similar injection schedule has no effect on the contact sensitivity of animals sensitized with the free reactive sensitizer. 3. The capacity of heterologous (ovalbumin) conjugates to evoke anti-hapten antibodies is shown to be greater than that of homologous (guinea pig seralbumin) conjugates: the reverse is true of their capacity to induce delayed reactivity. 4. Evidence is brought forward to suggest that in animals sensitized with homologous albumin conjugates, the specificity of the delayed reaction involves more than the hapten alone, even though the carrier protein is non-antigenic on its own. The contrast with the apparent lesser specificity of the antibodies later produced is discussed.
Hospitals struggle to cope with stroke care, says royal college
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Hospitals in the United Kingdom are struggling to meet the spiralling demand of caring for patients with stroke, with only a third of patients ever entering a dedicated unit, says a report by the Royal College of Physicians.

The third national sentinel audit of stroke, for 2001-2, found that just 36% of stroke patients spend any of their hospital stay in a stroke unit—despite the fact that almost three quarters of hospitals (73%) …
ADULT URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA
Authors: H. G. ADAMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

Journal Article ADULT URTICARIA PIGMENTOSA Get access H. G. ADAMSON, M.D., F.R.C.P. H. G. ADAMSON, M.D., F.R.C.P. Physician‐in‐Charge, Skin Department, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 35, Issue 6, 1 June 1923, Pages 219–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1923.tb09110.x Published: 01 June 1923
Blood Coagulation and the Practical Significance of Recent Advances in Knowledge of Prothrombin and Ac-Globulin
Authors: WALTER H. SEEGERS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

An attempt is made to describe the nature of the chemical interactions participating in blood clotting. In the laboratory, thrombin can be derived directly from prothrombin without the physiologic activators calcium, thromboplastin, Ac-globulin, and platelet derivatives. The newly recognized clotting factor, Ac-globulin, is essential for normal physiologic hemostasis. Plasma Ac-globulin concentration decreases in experimental liver damage, temporarily with dicumarol administration and may increase from high doses of aminophylline. In citrated storage plasma it is stable for a week but not in oxalated human plasma. Compared with other species, human plasma contains a low concentration of Ac-globulin. Methods for Ac-globulin analysis have been developed; perhaps more important is the fact that the two-stage method for prothrombin analysis need no longer be considered a complicated procedure.