tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Syndecan-2 promotes perineural invasion and cooperates with K-ras to induce an invasive pancreatic cancer cell phenotype
Authors: Tiago De Oliveira, Ivane Abiatari, Susanne Raulefs, Danguole Sauliunaite, Mert Erkan, Bo Kong, Helmut Friess, Christoph W Michalski, Jörg Kleeff
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2012)

Abstract Background We have identified syndecan-2 as a protein potentially involved in perineural invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Methods Syndecan-2 (SDC-2) expression was analyzed in human normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and PDAC tissues. Functional in vitro assays were carried out to determine its role in invasion, migration and signaling. Results SDC-2 was expressed in the majority of the tested pancreatic cancer cell lines while it was upregulated in nerve-invasive PDAC cell clones. There were 2 distinct expression patterns of SDC-2 in PDAC tissue samples: SDC-2 positivity in the cancer cell cytoplasm and a peritumoral expression. Though SDC-2 silencing (using specific siRNA oligonucleotides) did not affect anchorage-dependent growth, it significantly reduced cell motility and invasiveness in the pancreatic cancer cell lines T3M4 and Su8686. On the transcriptional level, migration-and invasion-associated genes were down-regulated following SDC-2 RNAi. Furthermore, SDC-2 silencing reduced K-ras activity, phosphorylation of Src and - further downstream - phosphorylation of ERK2 while levels of the putative SDC-2 signal transducer p120GAP remained unaltered. Conclusion SDC-2 is a novel (perineural) invasion-associated gene in PDAC which cooperates with K-ras to induce a more invasive phenotype.
UK lags behind rest of Europe in reducing deaths from heart disease
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

People's complacency about health is to blame for the United Kingdom's continued presence near the top of the European league table for deaths from heart disease, says the British Heart Foundation.

Although the latest statistics from the foundation show that fewer people are dying from coronary heart disease in the United Kingdom, because of better and earlier treatment, they also show that the decline in the death rate is slower than in other countries. Consequently more people than ever are living with heart disease in the United …
The Surgery of Scars.
Authors: William H. Frackelton
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This profusely illustrated text discusses scars resulting from trauma and other causes, and describes elective repair procedures. Described in detail are wound-closure and scar-excision techniques suitable for general surgeons and the plastic surgeon in his early training. Besides briefly reviewing anatomy and wound healing, the book discusses instruments, suture material, and anesthesia; considerations of traumatic injury to soft tissue; surgical incisions, methods of wound closure, skin grafts, facial flaps, and elective incisions as related to scars. Some readers may wish the author had given a more detailed review of the histophysiopathology of wound healing and scar formation. There are useful discussions of the psychology of the scarred patient and of medico-legal aspects. Other chapters discuss repair problems peculiar to the face and neck. Those peculiar to the body and extremity are combined briefly, providing few practical data. The chapter on surgical abrasion of facial scars is basically presented. In discussing
Mortality in children registered in the Finnish child welfare registry: population based study
Authors: M. Kalland, T. H Pensola, J. Merilainen, J. Sinkkonen
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Studies have shown inverse associations between childhood social class and mortality,1 and others have shown higher mortality in children in care. 2 3 However, to our knowledge, only one study has investigated mortality in children in care with results specific to sex and cause of death.3 Mortality in that study was higher than expected among boys, although mortality related to age at the time of death was not reported.3

In Finland, children are cared for within the child protection system up to the age of 18. Our specific interest lies in whether mortality before age 18 in children in care is higher than expected on the basis of figures for the general population, reflecting failure in the child protection system, or whether mortality is increased from age 18, reflecting difficulties in adapting to independent living.

The basic data source was the Finnish …
Mid-dermal elastolysis with prothrombotic abnormalities: two cases
Authors: E. Cozzani, F. Santoro, A. Parodi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Mid‐dermal elastolysis with prothrombotic abnormalities: two cases Get access E. Cozzani, E. Cozzani Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences, Section of Dermatology, Di.S.E.M., 16132 Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Santoro, F. Santoro Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences, Section of Dermatology, Di.S.E.M., 16132 Genoa, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Parodi A. Parodi Department of Endocrinological and Metabolic Sciences, Section of Dermatology, Di.S.E.M., 16132 Genoa, Italy Correspondence: Aurora Parodi. E‐mail: aurora.parodi@unige.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 1, 1 July 2009, Pages 203–205, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09202.x Published: 01 July 2009
Hemorrhagic Diseases and Thrombosis
Authors: Oscar D. Ratnoff
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Few clinical investigators have had the satisfaction of knowing that in their own lifetime the benefits of their researches have reached into every physician's practice and have dramatically altered the approach to disease. The development of the one-stage method for determining prothrombin time, which bears his name, has provided Dr. Quick with just this position in modern medicine. In introducing this test, Dr. Quick did not represent a morningglory which would fade after one brief hour. His contributions to his chosen field have continued unabated, even after his nominal retirement from his duties.   Hemorrhagic Diseases and Thrombosis , which has now appeared in its second edition, is a readable and clear summary of Dr. Quick's clinical and laboratory experiences. He has not hesitated to defend his views vigorously, continuing the debates which have been so useful in expanding our understanding of this field. The reader is filled with instant yearnings to
Workplace mental health programmes reduce depression, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Mental health promotion programmes that are provided to entire workforces, and not just to those considered at risk of mental illness, can significantly reduce levels of depression symptoms, a systematic review published in BMC Medicine has shown.1 The review also demonstrated that the greatest benefit came from cognitive behavioural therapy based approaches.

Depression is predicted to become the leading cause of work …
CD4+ T-cell epitopes associated with antibody responses after intravenously and subcutaneously applied human FVIII in humanized hemophilic E17 HLA-DRB1*1501 mice
Authors: Katharina N. Steinitz, Pauline M. van Helden, Brigitte Binder, David C. Wraith, Sabine Unterthurner, Corinna Hermann, Maria Schuster, Rafi U. Ahmad, Markus Weiller, Christian Lubich, Maurus de la Rosa, Hans Peter Schwarz, Birgit M. Reipert
Journal: Blood (2012)
The cervical spine in patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: K Laiho
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To establish the incidence of clinically important inflammatory cervical spine abnormalities in radiographs of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Patients were selected from a rheumatological outpatient clinic and one ward of the Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland, by examining 160 consecutive PsA cases. A total of 65 patients (38 women, 27 men) with PsA were identified who had cervical spine radiographs available. These were evaluated for inflammatory changes, and patient records studied for disease characteristics, laboratory and clinical findings.In 12 cases (18%) inflammatory cervical spine changes were seen in the cervical spine radiographs. The most frequently detected was apophysial joint ankylosis, seen in seven patients (11%). Anterior atlantoaxial subluxation (aAAS) was seen in five (8%) and atlantoaxial impaction in three (5%). In 20 of the 40 patients who had the rotational range of neck motion measured the measurement was < or =45 degrees either to the left or the right side.Inflammatory cervical spine changes were not commonly seen in radiographs of patients with PsA. Apophysial joint ankylosis and aAAS were detected most often. PsA may decrease the rotational range of neck motion significantly.
The Evolution of Psychotherapy
Authors: Arnold Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We are in Guruland. This book presents some of the proceedings of a conference on a range of psychotherapies said to cover 14 schools represented by some of the most noteworthy names in the field. Hardly anyone familiar with psychotherapy would not be impressed with the participants: from Bruno Bettelheim to Thomas Szasz, from Aaron Beck to Rollo May—26 in all. Not surprisingly, the conference was probably the largest and most popular one ever held, with 7000 registrants eager to see some people who are truly household names in the many mansions of psychotherapy. The major addresses and discussions are reported in the book, following a brief, enthusiastic introduction by the editor. The focus of this book is on personalities who are called "the master clinicians and theorists from major contemporary disciplines," and so it should not be surprising that there is a high level of prima donna content to
Record numbers of Irish women visit Britain for abortion
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The abortion issue among Irish women in Britain is presented. About 2000 women from Northern Ireland travel to Britain each year because of the 1967 Abortion Act in the UK does not apply in the province. Most women travelling from the republic are working women in their 20s. There are various factors contributing to their decision to consider abortion. Some of these are the demands of work and the persisting stigma of single motherhood. Furthermore, the demand for emergency contraception is teeming in the republic, as stated by the Well Woman Center chief executive Allison Begas. This situation has encouraged the government to pass a referendum on abortion.
Looking Back, Moving Forward
Authors: Jonathan Skinner, Douglas Staiger, Elliott S. Fisher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The regional variations in health care spending that are documented by the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care have been cited by many as a justification, and possible basis, for changes in provider payment rates. The article below — and the response that follows it — address various concerns about the Dartmouth data.The recent Senate election in Massachusetts may reshape or delay health care reform, but we still face the twin challenges of unsustainable cost increases and uneven quality that plague U.S. health care. Recent controversies have left many people confused . . .
Access to psychological treatment varies widely across England
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Access to psychological treatment for people with anxiety and depressive disorders varies widely across England, as most patients in some areas are seen within a month of referral while in other areas the figure is less than a quarter.

Figures from the Health and Social Care Information Centre showed that 947 640 people were referred to the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme in England in 2013-14.1 Nearly two thirds (63%) of …
Publication of Tumor Marker Research Results: The Necessity for Complete and Transparent Reporting
Authors: Lisa M. McShane, Daniel F. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Clinical management decisions for patients with cancer are increasingly being guided by prognostic and predictive markers. Use of these markers should be based on a sufficiently comprehensive body of unbiased evidence to establish that benefits to patients outweigh harms and to justify expenditure of health care dollars. Careful assessments of the clinical utility of markers by using comparative effectiveness research methods are urgently needed to more rigorously summarize and evaluate the evidence, but multiple factors have made such assessments difficult. The literature on tumor markers is plagued by nonpublication bias, selective reporting, and incomplete reporting. Several measures to address these problems are discussed, including development of a tumor marker study registry, greater attention to assay analytic performance and specimen quality, use of more rigorous study designs and analysis plans to establish clinical utility, and adherence to higher standards for reporting tumor marker studies. More complete and transparent reporting by adhering to criteria such as BRISQ [Biospecimen Reporting for Improved Study Quality] criteria for reporting details about specimens and REMARK [Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies] criteria for reporting a multitude of aspects relating to study design, analysis, and results, is essential for reliable assessment of study quality, detection of potential biases, and proper interpretation of study findings. Adopting these measures will improve the quality of the body of evidence available for comparative effectiveness research and enhance the ability to establish the clinical utility of prognostic and predictive tumor markers.
The Comparative Retention of National Health Service Corps and Other Rural Physicians
Authors: Donald E. Pathman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To contrast the retention of physicians serving National Health Service Corps (NHSC) Scholarship Program obligations in rural settings to that of non-NHSC physicians working in the same or similar practices, and to identify promising retention-enhancing strategies. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort study. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Four hundred twelve primary care physicians initially identified during an earlier study as working in a national stratified random sample of 178 externally subsidized rural clinics in 1981. Thirty-six percent were serving obligations to the NHSC, nearly all through the NHSC's Scholarship Program. The NHSC and non-NHSC inception cohorts (those first coming to their 1981 [or "index"] practices from May 1979 through December 1981) were created from within the entire group for use in most analyses. <h3>Intervention.</h3> —In 1990, physicians were resurveyed to learn of their backgrounds, experiences in their index practices, and their subsequent career moves. <h3>Results.</h3> —By 1984 and in each year thereafter, fewer NHSC than non-NHSC physicians of the entire respondent cohort remained (1) in their index practices, (2) in their index communities, and (3) in practice in any rural county (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). In the inception cohort, fewer NHSC than non-NHSC physicians were retained within all three settings by the third year after their initial dates of employment (<i>P</i>≤.01). After 8 years of employment, group retention rates for NHSC and non-NHSC inception cohort physicians were 12% vs 39% in the index practice and 29% vs 52% in nonmetropolitan practice. Physicians in both NHSC and non-NHSC groups who left their index practices generally left rural practice altogether. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —When compared to non-NHSC physicians working in comparable rural settings, the retention of rural NHSC physicians is seen to be poor and only partially explained by fixed physician, practice, or community variables. Long-term retention of NHSC providers is now receiving much needed attention at the federal level. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:1552-1558)
Efficacy of Haemophilus b Polysaccharide Vaccine: An Enigma
Authors: Edward A. Mortimer
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This issue of<i>JAMA</i>contains reports of three retrospective studies<sup>1-3</sup>of the efficacy of<i>Haemophilus</i>b polysaccharide vaccine. The point estimates of protection against invasive disease due to<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b (Hib) are disparate: results of two of these studies<sup>1,2</sup>indicate efficacy (88% and 45%, respectively), but the third study<sup>3</sup>found an enhanced risk of invasive Hib disease in vaccinated children ( - 55% efficacy). An explanation for these differing results is not available. <i>Haemophilus</i>b polysaccharide vaccine, first licensed in the United States in 1985, comprises the capsular polysaccharide from Hib, natural antibodies to which correlate well with clinical immunity to invasive Hib disease. The vaccine's efficacy was shown to be 90% in Finnish children<sup>4</sup>and the demonstration of antibody production in US children was considered to be a surrogate for clinical protection.<sup>5</sup>However, in common with other polysaccharide vaccines, efficacy was neither shown nor
John Brandon Enticknap
Authors: N. Enticknap
Journal: BMJ (2013)

After qualifying John Brandon Enticknap did his national service with the Royal Army Medical Corps and was appointed director of pathology in West Africa. He returned to St Margaret’s Hospital, Epping, and then moved to Guy’s Hospital as lecturer in morbid anatomy and then experimental pathology. His first consultant appointment was at East Ham Memorial Hospital in 1954, where …
Acro-osteolysis
Authors: Susan S. Kemp
Journal: JAMA (1986)

THE TERM<i>acro-osteolysis</i>refers to a destructive process involving one or more terminal phalanges. Distal phalangeal destruction usually occurs in association with a variety of systemic diseases or as a result of local factors (Table); a hereditary form also exists. Variations in the radiological appearance of acro-osteolysis, depending on the area of the terminal phalanx involved, can be of help in suggesting different etiologies.<sup>1</sup>Resorption of the tips of the ungual tufts with variable involvement of the shafts and bases (sometimes termed acronecrosis<sup>2</sup>) may be observed in hyperparathyroidism, psoriasis, neurological disorders, and frostbite. Destruction of the proximal end of the distal phalanx by extension from disease of the distal interphalangeal joint occurs in psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, erosive osteoarthritis, and other rheumatic diseases. A transverse band of osteolysis may be noted in the shaft of the distal phalanx, leaving the tuft and proximal articular portion intact. This finding may
Phase I study of sunitinib in combination with metronomic dosing of cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: J Lyandres, M Melisko, M Moasser, A Goga, JW Park, HS Rugo
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4119 Background&amp;#x2028; Antiangiogenic therapy targeting VEGF with bevacizumab in combination with taxanes is effective in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Sunitinib (S) is a potent multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has activity against VEGFR, PDGFR, c-Kit, and Flt-3. S has demonstrated activity in a variety of tumors and is approved at a dose of 50mg 4 wks on/ 2 wks off. Single agent continuous dosing (CD) at 37.5 mg/d is safe in phase II trials and may avoid a flare in angiogenesis with drug withdrawal. The effects of metronomic chemotherapy in preclinical studies are enhanced in combination with antiangiogenic agents, and cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (CM) have demonstrated limited efficacy in MBC. We combined S with CM in a phase I dose escalation study to evaluate an all oral regimen with CD. Serial measurements of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and endothelial cells (CEC) were performed in patients receiving study therapy.&amp;#x2028; Methods&amp;#x2028; Eligible patients (pts) have measurable or evaluable progressing MBC. Study treatment includes a two week lead-in course of S, followed by CD of S combined with CM. The primary endpoint is to determine the MTD of S + CM, secondary endpoints include toxicity and response. Quantitative analysis for CTC and CEC is performed at baseline, before starting CM then every 3 weeks. 3 patients are enrolled in each cohort starting at 12.5mg/d of S; 6 patients will be enrolled at the MTD followed by a phase II trial. Efficacy is assessed at week 8 then every 6 weeks.&amp;#x2028; Results&amp;#x2028; 15 pts have been treated to date (median age 57 (range 36-86); PS 0-2; median number prior chemo regimens 5 (range 2-9) in three dose cohorts (12.5, 25, 37.5 mg/d). 3 pts discontinued during the “run-in” due to symptomatic PD. 3 of 6 evaluable pts at 25 mg/d had asymptomatic grade 3 neutropenia responding to a dose reduction in CM. 4 pts had grade 2 neutropenia. One pt receiving 37.5 mg/d of S developed grade 4 thrombocytopenia. Other adverse events (all grade 1/2 ) included fatigue (7/12), elevated LFTs (5/12), nausea (5/12), mucositis (5/12) and thrombocytopenia (3/12). One pt had grade 2 fingertip desquamation resolving in two weeks off all study therapy. At week 8, 4/6 evaluable pts at 25 mg/d S with CM had stable disease (SD), 1 pt had a PR at week 14 and one pt had SD for 47 weeks. Enrollment to the third cohort at 37.5 mg S and CM is complete and tumor response is pending.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion&amp;#x2028; The combination of S with CM is well tolerated in heavily pretreated pts with MBC and has shown preliminary evidence of efficacy. Final phase I data, including the third cohort, CTC and CEC data will be presented. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4119.
Native T1 Mapping in Transthyretin Amyloidosis
Authors: Marianna Fontana, Sanjay M. Banypersad, Thomas A. Treibel, Viviana Maestrini, Daniel M. Sado, Steven K. White, Silvia Pica, Silvia Castelletti, Stefan K. Piechnik, Matthew D. Robson, Janet A. Gilbertson, Dorota Rowczenio, David F. Hutt, Helen J. Lachmann, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Carol J. Whelan, Julian D. Gillmore, Philip N. Hawkins, James C. Moon
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Hormonal control of gastric and colorectal cancer in man.
Authors: D L Morris, S A Watson, L G Durrant, J D Harrison
Journal: Gut (1989)

Leading articleHormonal control of gastric and colorectal cancer in man Hormonal control of human cancer was first used therapeutically by Beatson in 1895 when he reported response of a massive breast tumour after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.Apart from breast cancer several other tumours are now successfully treated with hormones.It has only recently been realised that gut tumours may be under hormonal control.25Many hormones may affect the growth of gastric and colorectal cancer but significant progress has been made in the area of sex steroids and gastrin.Gastric and colorectal cancer account for over 30 000 deaths each year in the United Kingdom -over 20% of all cancer deaths.on August 20,