tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cleaved Forms of the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor in Plasma Have Diagnostic Potential and Predict Postoperative Survival in Patients with Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Emir Henić, Christer Borgfeldt, Ib Jarle Christensen, Bertil Casslén, Gunilla Høyer-Hansen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the plasma level of different forms of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as discriminators between malignant, borderline, and benign ovarian tumors and as prognostic markers in patients with ovarian cancer. Experimental Design: The different suPAR forms were measured in preoperative plasma samples obtained from 335 patients with adnexal lesions using three different time-resolved fluoresence assays (TR-FIA): TR-FIA 1 measuring intact suPAR, suPAR(I-III), TR-FIA 2 measuring the total amount of suPAR(I-III) and the cleaved form, suPAR(II-III), and TR-FIA 3 measuring the liberated uPAR(I). Tumors were classified as benign (n = 211), borderline (possibly malignant; n = 30), and well (n = 19), moderately (n = 15), and poorly (n = 60) differentiated malignant. Results: All uPAR forms as well as CA125 were statistically significant in univariate analysis discriminating between benign, borderline, and invasive tumors. Restricting the analysis of invasive tumors to early stage (I and II) showed similar results. A combination of CA125 and suPAR(I-III) + suPAR(II-III) discriminated between malignant (all stages) and benign tumors [AUC, 0.94; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.90-0.98] as well as borderline and benign tumors (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.89). All suPAR forms were markers for poor prognosis in univariate analyses, and high preoperative plasma level of uPAR(I) is an independent predictor of poor prognosis (hazard ratio, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.15-2.95; P = 0.011) in multivariate analyses including age and CA125. Conclusions: High concentration of plasma uPAR(I) is an independent preoperative marker of poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. The combination of plasma suPAR(I-III) + suPAR(II-III) and CA125 discriminates between malignant and benign tumors with an AUC of 0.94.
Smallpox Vaccination in Hospital Personnel
Authors: Jay W. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Approximately 7,500 hospital and university employees were surveyed for smallpox vaccination status. Eightyone percent of the employees responded to the questionnaire. Forty-one percent of hospital personnel had been vaccinated within the past three years; 35% had not been vaccinated for at least 15 years. Forty-five percent of those who had not been vaccinated in the past three years were vaccinated during a six-day program. A total of 2,417 employees participated, increasing the percentage of hospital personnel vaccinated within three years to 64%, and the percentage vaccinated within seven years to 68%. Eleven employees lost 13.5 working days because of vaccination reactions.
Use of an Improved Mechanical Printer for Liver Scanning with Rose Bengal Dye
Authors: Norman B. Ackerman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THERE ARE certain disease entities involving the liver that are extremely difficult to diagnose accurately by physical examination or by the standard laboratory and roentgenographic studies. In situations where the liver substance has been replaced, in part, by abscess, cyst, benign tumor, primary or metastatic malignant tumor, and so forth, the diagnosis may remain in doubt until large areas of the liver have been destroyed. It has often been noted that patients with fairly widespread metastatic cancer of the liver will have normal liver "profile" tests. A recent study reported that in approximately one-third of autopsy cases of multiple liver metastases the organ was not enlarged. The technique of liver scanning using a radioactive labeled liver dye or colloid has been developed during the past few years. Rose bengal dye (tetrachlor-tetraiodo-fluorescein), which is most often used for liver scanning, was first described in 1923 by Delprat. Several years ago an
Increased Carbon Monoxide in Exhaled Air of Subjects with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: MUTSUO YAMAYA, KIYOHISA SEKIZAWA, SATOSHI ISHIZUKA, MIZUE MONMA, KATSUMI MIZUTA, HIDETADA SASAKI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Viral infection may induce the expression of heme oxygenase, resulting in increased carbon monoxide (CO) formation. CO may be produced by various cells of the upper and lower respiratory tract and may be detected in the exhaled air. Therefore, exhaled CO concentrations were measured on a CO monitor by vital capacity maneuver in subjects with upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and in nonsmoking and smoking healthy control subjects. At the time of symptoms of URTI, exhaled CO concentrations were 5.6 +/- 0.4 ppm and decreased to 1.0 +/- 0.1 ppm during recovery. Recovery values of exhaled CO were similar to those in age-matched nonsmoking healthy control subjects (1.2 +/- 0.3 ppm). Smoking healthy control subjects had the highest levels of exhaled CO concentration among the groups (18.5 +/- 2.5 ppm). These findings suggest that symptomatic URTIs increase the concentration of CO in exhaled air. This may reflect the induction of heme oxygenase that has an antiviral effect in the airways.
An Observation of Hydrochlorothiazide in Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Benjamin Calesnick
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In studying a single case of the idiopathic variety of diabetes insipidus, it was found that hydrochlorothiazide, after a short latent period, brought about a marked reduction in urinary output. The patient, a 45-year-old woman, had been treated for diabetes insipidus for more than 6 years, but the antidiuretic action of injected vasopressin tannate had become unpredictable and its local side effects were the cause of concern. Orally administered hydrochlorothiazide (200 mg. per day) reduced her mean daily urinary volume to 5,520 cc. Electrolyteloading tests indicated that electrolyte alterations were not responsible for this action. After several months of treatment, a reduced dosage continued to be effective.
Words Per Month
Authors: MARTIN W. OSTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1974Words Per MonthMARTIN W. OSTER, M.D.MARTIN W. OSTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-3-417_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Having just taken the internal medicine "Boards," I agree with Dr. Matthew Cushing (Ann Intern Med 80:781, 1974) that the literature of internal medicine is indeed awesome in quantity and depth. As he points out, the College's recent syllabus is a helpful guide to many of the important recent advances in internal medicine.I think the almost universal abstract or summary at the beginning of most journal articles is another aid to the physician trying to "keep up." In March 1974 the abstracts of all major articles in theAnnals of Internal Medicine, American Journal of Medicine,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARTIN W. OSTER, M.D.Affiliations: National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda, Maryland 20014 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1974Volume 81, Issue 3Page: 417-417 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Thermography and Assessment of Breast Cancer
Authors: William B. Hobbins
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  Dorthea R. Peck, MD (241:2784, 1979), suggests appropriately that biologic assessment of breast cancer is probably important.  Thermography has performed this function well since first reported by Lawson 1 of Montreal, in 1957. In 1969, Lloyd 2 reported the biologic survival of patients as a direct function of temperature of the cancerous breast in 167 cases. Patients who had temperatures higher than 2.5 °C had no survival past 2 1/2 years.  More recently, Fournier 3 of Heidelberg studied breast tumor doubling time as measured and computed on mammography, correlated with thermographic evaluation of the affected breast. Doubling times of 400 to 500 days had no thermal disturbance compared with doubling times of 40 to 50 days, which had greater than 3 °C in more than 88% of cases.  Thermal biology of tumors is now possible with thermography. With this information a better prognosis and a differentiated treatment
Inhibition by interferon-gamma of human mononuclear cell-mediated low density lipoprotein oxidation. Participation of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway.
Authors: S Christen, S R Thomas, B Garner, R Stocker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

In this study we examined the potential inhibition by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) of the early stages of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation mediated by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) in Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with physiological amounts of L-tryptophan (Trp). We assessed LDL oxidation by measuring the consumption of LDL's major antioxidant (i.e., alpha-tocopherol) and targets for oxidation (cholesteryllinoleate and cholesterylarachidonate), together with the accumulation of cholesterylester hydroperoxides and the increase in relative electrophoretic mobility of the lipoprotein particle. Exposure of PBMC or MDM to IFN gamma induced the degradation of extracellular Trp with concomitant accumulation of kynurenine, anthranilic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) in the culture medium. Formation of 3HAA, but neither Trp degradation nor formation of kynurenine and anthranilic acid, was inhibited by low amounts of diphenylene iodonium (DPI) in a concentration-dependent manner. In contrast to oxidative Trp metabolism, exposure of human PBMC or MDM to IFN gamma failed to induce degradation of arginine, and nitrite was not detected in the cell supernatant, indicating that nitric oxide synthase was not induced under these conditions. Incubation of LDL in Trp-supplemented F-10 medium resulted in a time-dependent oxidation of the lipoprotein that was accelerated in the presence of PBMC or MDM but inhibited strongly in the presence of both cells and IFN gamma, i.e., when Trp degradation and formation of 3HAA were induced. In contrast, when IFN gamma was added to PBMC or MDM in F-10 medium that was virtually devoid of Trp, inhibition of cell-accelerated LDL oxidation was not observed. Exogenous 3HAA added to PBMC or purified monocytes in the absence of IFN gamma also strongly and in a concentration-dependent manner inhibited LDL oxidation. Selective inhibition of IFN gamma-induced formation of 3HAA by DPI caused reversion of the inhibitory action of this cytokine on both PBMC- and MDM-mediated LDL oxidation. These results show that IFN gamma treatment of human PBMC or MDM in vitro attenuates the extent of LDL oxidation caused by these cells, and indicate that Trp degradation with formation of 3HAA is a major contributing factor to this inhibitory activity.
Flunarizine allows differentiation between mechanisms of arrhythmias in the intact heart.
Authors: M A Vos, A P Gorgels, J D Leunissen, H J Wellens
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The calcium antagonist flunarizine suppresses pathologic accumulation of calcium intracellularly without affecting the fast sodium or the slow calcium channel. To establish its value in differentiating between mechanisms of arrhythmias in the canine heart, the effect of flunarizine was investigated on ventricular tachycardia (VT) induced by ouabain intoxication or occurring 16-24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four groups of dogs were studied. Group 1 consisted of 13 animals with VT induced by ouabain intoxication (triggered-activity group). Group 2 included nine dogs in whom VT developed 16-24 hours after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (abnormal automaticity group). Group 3 included six dogs with normally conducted sinus beats, whereas group 4 consisted of six animals having a ventricular escape rhythm. With the exception of group 3, all dogs had surgically induced complete atrioventricular block. All animals were studied while conscious and without premedication. In groups 1 and 2, 2-3 mg/kg flunarizine was given intravenously after VT had persisted for at least 20 minutes. In groups 3 and 4, 2 mg/kg flunarizine was given after the rhythm was registered for 20 minutes. The cycle lengths of the different rhythms were compared before and after flunarizine. In group 1, flunarizine increased the cycle length of the VT from 300 +/- 30 to 410 +/- 50 msec (p less than or equal to 0.001). Termination of VT was seen in 11 out of 13 animals. In group 2, flunarizine resulted in a nonsignificant shortening of the RR interval from 450 +/- 60 to 440 +/- 60 msec. Persistent termination was observed in only one of nine dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Average Normal Values for the Forced Expiratory Volume in White Caucasian Males
Authors: J. E. Cotes, C. E. Rossiter, I. T. T. Higgins, J. C. Gilson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Bronchodilator Therapy-Hoffbrand et al.be the preferable instrument for following changes in airway resistance in consulting-room and bedside practice.
Platelet Activation Is Associated With Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Pneumonia
Authors: Roberto Cangemi, Marco Casciaro, Elisabetta Rossi, Camilla Calvieri, Tommaso Bucci, Cinzia Myriam Calabrese, Gloria Taliani, Marco Falcone, Paolo Palange, Giuliano Bertazzoni, Alessio Farcomeni, Stefania Grieco, Pasquale Pignatelli, Francesco Violi, Fabiana Albanese, Elisa Biliotti, Roberto Carnevale, Elisa Catasca, Andrea Celestini, Rozenn Esvan, Lucia Fazi, Paolo Marinelli, Michela Mordenti, Laura Napoleone, Michela Palumbo, Daniele Pastori, Ludovica Perri, Marco Proietti, Rivano Capparuccia Marco, Alessandro Russo, Roberta Russo, Valentino Sarallo, Gabriele Salvatori, Maria Gabriella Scarpellini, Ines Ullo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Significance of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Detected During Pregnancy
Authors: Peggy J. Whalley, Frances G. Martin, Paul C. Peters
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A study carried out 2 to 12 months after women discovered to have bacteriuria during pregnancy were delivered of their infants has shown the following: (1) bacteriuria persisted in 90 of 111 untreated women; (2) bacteria were present in urine obtained from one or both ureters in 17 of 23 patients; and (3) pyelographic abnormalities were detected in 61 of 131 patients. These findings suggest that in many instances asymptomatic bacteriuria first noted during pregnancy persists following delivery and is associated with active renal infection.
Blood-Volume Studies in Cardiac-Surgery Patients
Authors: James B. McClenahan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Eleven adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation were studied with serial blood-volume determinations by radioactive-tag methods. Deficits were demonstrated postoperatively in ten, despite precise measurement and replacement of lost blood. As the usual clinical observations may not accurately reflect hypovolemia, direct measurement, when properly done, is a more reliable method for the estimation of blood volume. Of the two methods employed for measurement of blood volume, the use of radioactive chromium to tag red blood cells appears to be the more reliable when a single sampling technique is used.
EPISPADIAS.REPORT OF A CASE OPERATED ON BY A MODIFICATION OF CANTWELL'S METHOD.
Authors: JAMES B. BULLITT
Journal: JAMA (1903)

The purpose of this paper is to again call attention very briefly to an almost ideal operation for the relatively rare but distressing deformity, epispadias; and, further, to describe a modification of the original operation which the writer found it necessary to make in the single case on which he had the opportunity of operating. This operation, described by Cantwell<sup>1</sup>in 1895, performed by Herbert Page,<sup>2</sup>in 1898, and again by Parham and Martin<sup>2</sup>in 1900, seems not to have gained the recognition it deserves, and not to have found its way into the recent text-books of surgery. Bryant voices the sentiment of practically all the textbook writers when he says: "The ability to secure as satisfactory results in this deformity as have been secured in hypospadias has not yet been attained." The procedures usually recommended are similar to the plastic operations applicable to the condition of
Abstract 477: The dynamic changes of KLF4 in the oral squamous cell carcinogenesis
Authors: Man Liu, Ying Su, Xinyan Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract KLF4 (formerly GKLF) is a zinc-finger transcription factor expressed in the epithelia of the skin, lungs, gastrointestinal tract and several other organs. In vitro studies have suggested that KLF4 plays an important role in cell proliferation and/or differentiation. Several studies implied that KLF4 is associated with both tumour suppression and oncogenesis, but the function of KLF4 in the oral carcinogenesis has not been investigated. To address this issue we have generated an animal model of experimental tongue cancerous lesions in C57BL/6J mouse by using carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water .And we detected the KLF4 expression in mouse tongue precancerous and cancer lesions by immunohistochemistry. Normally KLF4 was strongly expressed in the nuclei of mice tongue epithelial cells. The staining of KLF4 was gradually decreased from normal epithelial to hyperplasia to dysplasia, and markedly decreased in the squamous cell carcinomas. The results indicated that KLF4 could served as a tumour-suppressor functions in the oral carcinogenesis. Citation Format: Man Liu, Ying Su, Xinyan Zhang. The dynamic changes of KLF4 in the oral squamous cell carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 477. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-477
Brief Dynamic Psychotherapy for Less Well-Adjusted Patients
Authors: Per Høglend
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

A twelve-session therapy model ad modum James Mann is described. Selection criteria are outlined. The therapies and systematic follow-up data of 4 well-adjusted and 4 less well-adjusted patients are described and compared. Some modifications of technique for the less well-adjusted patients are proposed.
Rethinking childhood depression
Authors: Birte Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Timimi argues that unhappiness among children seems to be rising, but labelling it as depression and prescribing antidepressants is ineffective and possibly harmful: it is time to focus on the underlying reasons. Many respondents agree, but whether the term depression is apt, whether what is under discussion is a disease or a normal reaction to life's events, and whether the normal range of human emotion is being made into a disease are debated.1 The role of the family and what family life teaches children, the impact of the mass media and consumerism, the importance of nutrition, the diversion of resources in a cash strapped health service, politics, and toxic environments are some of the factors singled out as influencing children's health and wellbeing.

Several respondents explicitly reject drugs as a treatment modality—something which is taken up in the responses to the commentary by Wilkinson2—citing a press release from the European Medicines Agency that declares fluoxetine unsuitable for children.

Although there is no real dispute about whether childhood depression exists, what-ever name you choose to give it, the condition might not be taken seriously if it is not given a serious enough label. Most respondents seem to see the causes for unhappiness in children in the way society operates, in traditional family structures falling apart, in the environment being hostile at many levels, and possibly in the intertwined interests of political rulers and the pharmaceutical industry.

All but one respondent agree that childhood depression is a discrete disease entity, different from adult depression, requiring its own treatment modalities. As Christine Singh, women's health fellow in Canada, puts it: improving the social determinants of health might be the only hope of “curing” illness such as depression, and money should be shifted towards humanity.
Ensuring Integrity in Industry-Sponsored Research
Authors: Catherine D. DeAngelis, Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Manpower problems in psychiatry of old age.
Authors: J P Wattis
Journal: BMJ (1985)

with an ointment comprising 15% paromomycin sulphate and 12% methylbenzethonium chloride in white soft paraffin (P ointment, UK Patent No GB1 17237A).After 10 days' treatment twice daily 73% of patients had no parasites in their lesions; 14% became free within a further 20 days without further treatment, and 13% failed to respond.Pigmentation developed in 18% of the treated lesions and inflammation of varying degree was associated with the treatment.These develop- ments did not affect clinical healing, which was generally completed 10 to 30 days after the end of treatment.In addition, 94% of the treated lesions healed with little or no scarring.No adverse clinical or laboratory side effects were observed except for a burning sensation at the site of treatment.Parasites isolated from patients who failed to respond to topical treatment were found to be susceptible to the ointment in in vitro infected macrophages and in vivo in experimentally infected BALB/c mice.
Failure of Chemotherapy to Prevent the Bacterial Complications of Measles
Authors: Louis Weinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

SECONDARY bacterial infection is the commonest complication of measles. The development of potent antibacterial agents has made available a group of drugs that can prevent as well as cure bacterial infection. Since the introduction of the sulfonamides various agents have been used for the prophylaxis of microbial invasion in rubeola. Holbrook1 and Coburn2 reported that sulfadiazine eliminated bacterial complications in this disease. Failure to prevent the development of bronchopneumonia by sulfathiazole was recorded, however, by Gible and Litvak.3 Favorable results were observed by Karelitz and his co-workers4 , 5 after the prophylactic application of procaine penicillin, chlortetracycline (Aureomycin), and benzethacil (Bicillin) in . . .