tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulsus Paradoxus in Asthma
Authors: Samuel Berkowitz
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the article, "Status Asthmaticus" (231:1277,1975), the authors state that "An increase in the usual pulsus paradoxus is almost always present, a sign associated with an increase in the volume of functional residual capacity combined with severe airway obstruction," and quote as authority Rebuck and Pengelly,<sup>1</sup>who propose that the mechanism responsible for pulsus paradoxus in asthma is, in part, that of cardiac compression caused by pulmonary overinflation and mediastinal stretching and, in part, that of the high intrapulmonary pressure. These two statements, incontrovertible as they may be, however, do not explain the determinants of the increased pulsus paradoxus in severe asthma. As inspiratory traction on the pericardium causes a paradoxical pulse in pericardial disease (constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tamponade), so the exaggerated, piston-like action of the diaphragm during severe asthmatic attacks mechanically compresses the venous inflow tracts as they pass through the pericardium. In this way,
Pre-operative stenting is associated with a higher prevalence of post-operative complications following pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Gareth Morris-Stiff, Appou Tamijmarane, Yu-Meng Tan, Iestyn Shapey, Chandra Bhati, A. David Mayer, John A.C. Buckels, Simon R. Bramhall, Darius F. Mirza
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2010)
Private &amp; Controversial — Bad Communications — Gourmet's Choice
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

LORD Platt, an eminent past president of the Royal College of Physicians of London, would probably not dispute that in many ways he is unorthodox; indeed, he might like to be regarded as being so. His book entitled "Private & Controversial"‡ is certainly an unorthodox autobiography in which he has been deliberately controversial in some of the subjects that he discusses and remarkably frank and courageous in revealing his private thoughts on many topics that others would have hesitated to broach. His life has been full of interest and variety, and he points out that his longest spell in any . . .
Adrenal Cortical Activity in Pathological Emotional States : A Review
Authors: ROBERT T. RUBIN, ARNOLD J. MANDELL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

Changes in adrenal cortical activity have been correlated with certain pathological emotional states. Heightened activity occurs concomitantly with depressive reactions of various types and in certain phases of acute schizophrenic reactions. The psychological variable that correlates most closely with increased adrenal cortical secretion is loss of "ego defense strength," that is, absence of denial with awareness of illness. Behavioral observations and biochemical methodologies in the studies reviewed are discussed, and several alternative mechanisms of adrenal cortical activation are postulated.
Parotid Enlargement Resulting from Excessive Ingestion of Starch
Authors: Irwin R. Merkatz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

BILATERAL, noninflammatory enlargement of the parotid glands has been described in association with a variety of nutritional disturbances. For many years it has frequently been reported among the acutely or chronically malnourished peoples of Europe, Africa and Asia. Although the condition has not been as thoroughly investigated in the United States, Rothbell and Duggan,1 , 2 in reviewing the world literature, also reported its presence in 50 of their own patients, most of whom were known to have either liver disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity or combinations of these states. They considered its significance much the same as that of fatty infiltration of . . .
Failure of delayed hypersensitivity skin testing to predict postoperative sepsis and mortality.
Authors: R Brown, J Bancewicz, J Hamid, N J Patel, C A Ward, R J Farrand, R S Pumphrey, M Irving
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to a battery of recall antigens, haemoglobin and albumin concentrations, arm-muscle circumference, and percentage of ideal weight were determined before operation in 244 patients undergoing elective major surgery. Depressed skin reactions were found in 70 patients (28%), but this group did not have significantly higher sepsis or mortality rates when compared with patients with normal reactions. Significant associations were found between depressed skin reactions and increasing age, anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, low arm-muscle circumference, and low weight. Patients with benign and malignant disease had similar distributions of skin reactions. Hypoalbuminaemia was associated with a higher rate of serious postoperative sepsis, and hypoalbuminaemia, low arm-muscle circumference, and low weight were all associated with a higher mortality. These results suggest that the routine use of delayed hypersensitivity skin testing in the preoperative assessment of surgical patients is not justified.
Positron emission tomography helps to diagnose tumor emboli and residual disease in choriocarcinoma
Authors: H. Hebart, C. Erley, B. Kaskas, R. Mayer, M. König, H. Einsele, C. Bokemeyer, H.G. Meerpohl, U. Feine, L. Kanz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been shown capable of identifying malignant tissues.WB-PET imaging in two women with metastatic choriocarcinoma is described.In a woman with tumor emboli secondary to a choriocarcinoma, WB-PET was the only noninvasive investigation to differentiate between tumor and blood clots. Moreover, PET helped to localize residual tumor tissue in another woman with persisting high beta-HCG serum levels after chemotherapy.WB-PET helps to localize tumor tissue in patients suffering from choriocarcinoma.
Who Reviews the Ads?
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

What responsibility should the Journal take for the ads that appear in our pages? Should we review our advertising copy just as we do the content of scientific articles?Some readers evidently think so. A Toronto oncologist writing in this week's correspondence section chides us for allowing what he claims are inappropriate and misleading statements to appear in a series of ads touting a line of antitumor agents.We get many letters of this kind. They usually include, as this one did, not only a complaint about an ad but also a reprimand to the Editor for dereliction of duty. . . .
Echocardiography in Coexisting Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis and Fixed Left Ventricular Outflow Obstruction
Authors: KYUNG J. CHUNG, JAMES A. MANNING, RAYMOND GRAMIAK
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Echocardiographic study was done on four pediatric patients with coexisting hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (HSS) and fixed left ventricular outflow (LVO) obstruction. One had valvar aortic stenosis, two had discrete subaortic stenosis and one had coarctation of the aorta. Preoperatively, HSS was not suspected in any of these patients because of the classical findings of fixed LVO obstruction. The echocardiographic examination revealed an abnormal systolic anterior movement (SAM) of the anterior mitral leaflet with ventricular septal hypertrophy in all, but these findings were overlooked or thought to be related to a subvalvar diaphragm. One or two years after the surgical removal of their fixed obstruction, all showed clinical pictures of HSS. Postoperative echocardiographic examination showed an abnormal SAM with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy, and cardiac catheterization revealed mild to severe degrees of resting pressure gradients across LVO tracts. Amyl nitrite inhalation produced a more prominent SAM with increasing pressure gradient, and angiotensin infusion abolished the SAM and reduced the pressure gradient. From our present study, echocardiography has the potential for identification of HSS coexisting with a fixed LVO obstruction. We recommend that all patients with LVO obstruction have an echocardiographic examination along with pharmacological testing. The demonstration of an unusually thickened ventricular septum and especially, abnormal SAM of the mitral valve would require careful evaluation of left heart hemodynamics and the determination of the level of the major obstruction during cardiac catheterization for pre and postoperative management.
Regulation of ATP sensitive potassium channel of isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes by sarcolemmal monocarboxylate transport
Authors: W. A Coetzee
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Regulation of ATP sensitive potassium channel of isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes by sarcolemmal monocarboxylate transport Get access William A Coetzee William A Coetzee Cardiovascular Research, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London SEI 7EH, United Kingdom: W A Coetzee. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 11, November 1992, Pages 1077–1086, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.11.1077 Published: 01 November 1992 Article history Received: 02 June 1992 Accepted: 29 June 1992 Published: 01 November 1992
The Need for Systems Integration in Health Care
Authors: Simon C. Mathews
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of atropine and gastric inhibitory polypeptide on hepatic glucose uptake and insulin extraction in conscious dogs.
Authors: Z Chap, T Ishida, J Chou, R Lewis, C Hartley, M Entman, J B Field
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Previous studies comparing the effects of oral, intraportal, and peripheral venous administration of glucose in conscious dogs demonstrated a significant increase in hepatic extraction of insulin only after oral glucose, but similar hepatic uptake of glucose after oral and intraportal glucose, which was greater than that after peripheral intravenous glucose infusion. This study evaluated the effect of atropine blockade of the parasympathetic nervous system on the increased fractional hepatic extraction of insulin and the role of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) on augmented hepatic uptake of oral glucose in conscious dogs with chronically implanted Doppler flow probes on the portal vein and hepatic artery, and catheters in the portal and hepatic veins and carotid artery. Since atropine infusion decreased absorption of glucose, and in order to achieve comparable portal vein levels of glucose and insulin, the dogs receiving atropine were given 1.9 +/- 0.1 g/kg glucose, compared with the control dogs who received 1.1 +/- 0.1 g/kg. The percentage of the glucose load that was absorbed was greater in the dogs not given atropine (80 +/- 4 vs. 44 +/- 7%), but because of the different loads, the absolute amount of glucose absorbed was similar in both groups (20.2 +/- 1.6 vs. 21.7 +/- 4.1 g). Although delayed by atropine, the peak portal vein glucose and insulin concentrations and the amounts presented to the liver were similar in both groups. However, the increased portal vein plasma flow and fractional hepatic extraction of insulin observed after oral glucose was not observed in the dogs infused with atropine. The net hepatic glucose uptake after oral glucose was significantly less at 10, 20, and 45 min in the atropine-treated dogs, and the area under the curve over the 180-min period was 44% less. However, the latter was not statistically significant. Infusion of GIP with peripheral intravenous glucose did not increase hepatic uptake of glucose or the fractional hepatic extraction of insulin compared with peripheral intravenous glucose alone. These results indicate an important role for parasympathetic innervation in the augmented fractional hepatic extraction of insulin, and increased portal vein plasma flow after oral glucose. Although a relationship between the augmented fractional extraction of insulin and the net hepatic glucose uptake may exist, it does not necessarily indicate that the former is required for the latter. Such parasympathetic innervation may be involved in the greater removal of glucose by the liver after oral compared with peripheral glucose administration. The augmented hepatic uptake of glucose and fractional hepatic extraction of insulin after oral glucose doesn not appear to be mediated by gastric inhibitory polypeptide.
Anti-CD25 Targeted Killing of Bicistronically Transduced Cells: A Novel Safety Mechanism Against Retroviral Genotoxicity
Authors: Shobha Ramsubir, Makoto Yoshimitsu, Jeffrey A Medin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Gene therapy for Fabry disease, a deficiency in α-galactosidase A (α-gal A) activity, has the potential to provide a cure for the disorder with a single treatment. Despite modifications to existing vectors, concerns have arisen regarding the risk of genotoxicity associated with the use of retroviruses. To address safety concerns, we propose that expression of a cell surface protein, human CD25 (huCD25) in a bicistronic format, with any therapeutic gene such as α-gal Acan provide a target that can be used to kill transduced cells selectively should transformative events occur. We show that an anti-CD25 antibody and immunotoxin can specifically target and eliminate transduced leukemia cells expressing CD25. In a murine leukemia model, antibody treatment reduced tumor burden 32-fold and increased survival compared with untreated mice. Furthermore, after a bone marrow transplant of therapeutically transduced cells into Fabry mice, antibody treatment reduced the number of retrovirally transduced huCD25-expressing cells in the peripheral blood. A systemic loss of transduced cells with functional consequences was also evident in the liver and spleen. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that a targeted antibody can reduce tumor burden and selectively clear bicistronically transduced hematopoietic cells that express a target antigen, thus acting as a built-in safety mechanism. Gene therapy for Fabry disease, a deficiency in α-galactosidase A (α-gal A) activity, has the potential to provide a cure for the disorder with a single treatment. Despite modifications to existing vectors, concerns have arisen regarding the risk of genotoxicity associated with the use of retroviruses. To address safety concerns, we propose that expression of a cell surface protein, human CD25 (huCD25) in a bicistronic format, with any therapeutic gene such as α-gal Acan provide a target that can be used to kill transduced cells selectively should transformative events occur. We show that an anti-CD25 antibody and immunotoxin can specifically target and eliminate transduced leukemia cells expressing CD25. In a murine leukemia model, antibody treatment reduced tumor burden 32-fold and increased survival compared with untreated mice. Furthermore, after a bone marrow transplant of therapeutically transduced cells into Fabry mice, antibody treatment reduced the number of retrovirally transduced huCD25-expressing cells in the peripheral blood. A systemic loss of transduced cells with functional consequences was also evident in the liver and spleen. This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that a targeted antibody can reduce tumor burden and selectively clear bicistronically transduced hematopoietic cells that express a target antigen, thus acting as a built-in safety mechanism.
Dietary Intake, the First Law of Thermodynamics, and the Properties of Yoga-Reply
Authors: Frank M. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Mann raises some methodological issues regarding our study in which we found that ingestion of dairy products selectively raised plasma low-density lipoproteins (LDL) rather than high-density lipoproteins. Dr Mann misapplies the problems of comparing nonconcurrent groups to our study. The two groups of vegetarians in our study were surveyed six years apart (rather than 12 years apart, as Dr Mann states). Use of "historical controls" in case-control studies can be misleading since incidence of a disease of interest can drift over years. However, our work dealt with the biologic effects of ingestion of dairy fat. These effects were studied by examining a group of lactovegetarians and comparing the findings with those made six years earlier in a group of strict vegetarians. What variables might confound such a comparison since the methods were kept constant? We consider it unlikely that evolutionary changes could have occurred in six years
PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS OF INFLAMMATION OF THE SCLEROTIC
Authors: E. Boult
Journal: BMJ (1856)

1015 pulmonary tubere.Many years ago, whenasisting at the vivisection of a stunnd rsbbit, in which the trachea and larger bronchi were fully exposed, I was surprised to observe their muscular fibres contract, dimshing the diameter of their tubes, at each movement of inspiration.It is not the general belief that the tubes are contracted during inspiration, and expanded in expiration; but if we consider the anatomical structure of the lungs and the physical effects which the whole apparatus of respiration is intended to produce, it will be obvious that, had the bronchial tubesbeen made to contract during expiration, and expand during inspiration, as they are generally ima- gined to do, this would have defeated the object of be- stowing on them any contractility or power of elastic expansion.The intention to be fulfilled by expansion of the chest through raising the ribs and depressing the diaphragm, is to cause the air to rush into the cells of the lungs: now, if the tubes all expanded at the same time as the thorax, say, for the sake of argument, to the-same extent to which the capacity of the chest had been in- creaed by its expansion, it is obvious that no air whatever would penetrate into the cells, as all that was drawn into the chest would be required to fill the tubes.Or, if the parietes expanded mucT, and the tubes comparatively little, the real vacuum in the air-cells would be only the difference between the increasedcapacity of the chest, and the increased space occupied within itby the expanded tubes.But on the other hand, if instead of expanding, the tubes contract at the moment that the chest expands, thus occupying a less space in its interior just when its capacity is greatest, it is obvious that a much increased vacuum will be formed, and that it will take place in the air cells where alone it is required; and thus, whatever air enters the chest goes directly to its destination, instead of lingering in the tubes.Taking this view, the operation of expiration as well as of inspiration, will be more intelligible, for it will be seen that if the tubes expand at the same moment that the chest contracts, the air cells will be submitted to direct pressure between the expauding tubes and the contracting thoracic parietes ; and while the air that has ceased to be service- able to the animal economy is thus more effectually ex- pelled from them, the way is at the same time more widely opened for its exit.It will be seen from the above, that inspiration is principally due to msc6ular action in the thoracic muscles, the diaphragm and the circular fibres of the bronchial tubes, whereas expiration depends more on cartilaginous elaticity, bringing down the ribs and expanding the tubes.
TCT-155 A Novel Multi Lumen Compliant Balloon Catheter (ND® Infusion Catheter) Preserves Stem Cell Viability and Improves Dispersion When Compared to a Standard Single Lumen Balloon Angioplasty Catheter
Authors: Nabil Dib, John P. Abraham, Brian D. Plourde, Dillon Schwalbach, DeAnn Dana, Lester Myers, Katherine Hunkler, Siddharth R D'Silva, Todd R. Flower, Robert E. Kohler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Medicare Requirement for Research Participation—Reply
Authors: Steven D. Pearson, Franklin G. Miller, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lack of significant binding of L-triiodothyronine by thyroxine-binding globulin in vivo as demonstrated by acute disappearance of 131-I-labeled triiodothyronine.
Authors: A A Zaninovich, H Farach, C Ezrin, R Volpé
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

t This difference refers in all tables to the disappearance of radioactivity from the circulation between the 20-and * Probability that there is no real difference between the group tested and the T3 normal control group.
The Response to Iron in Iron Deficiency
Authors: Jack A. Pritchard
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The utilization of iron given orally was compared with that of iron given parenterally in 12 hospitalized gynecologic patients who had severe anemia due to chronic loss of blood. Six received irondextran intramuscularly. The other 6 received ferrous gluconate orally at the rate of 2 gm. per day in divided doses. From data on hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit determinations, reticulocyte count, and blood volume determinations the rate of iron utilization was computed. The mean hemoglobin concentration increased 5.0 gm. per 100 ml. in 19 days following parenteral iron and 4.9 gm. per 100 ml. in 24 days with oral iron. Since the rate of hemoglobin production averaged 3.0 times normal in the parenterally treated and 2.4 times normal in the orally treated group, there seemed to be little reason for preferring the parenteral route in this situation.