tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pseudoscleroderma in Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
Authors: Robert G. Gray
Journal: JAMA (1981)

EDEMA and induration of the skin that clinically resemble the dermal lesions of progressive systemic sclerosis have been reported in diverse disorders (Table). 1-3 We describe a patient with scleroderma-like skin changes that preceded other findings of tumor-associated hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, resolving rapidly after lobectomy for lung carcinoma.  Report of a Case  A 39-year-old woman was seen in January 1977 with a three-week history of bilateral ankle pain that was neither aggravated by weight bearing nor relieved by rest or elevation. She denied trauma, Raynaud's phenomenon, dermatitis, skin or hair changes, alopecia, previous serositis, oral ulcers, ocular or gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, weight loss, dyspnea and cough, morning stiffness, and family history of inflammatory rheumatic disease. A total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for menometrorrhagia were performed seven years earlier; a 45 pack-year history of cigarette smoking was related.  Physical examination showed a healthy woman with tenderness over the anterior tibiotalar joint
Day surgery for cataracts.
Authors: S. Singleton
Journal: BMJ (1992)

operative complications and therefore the day-case unit is not a suitable place for basic surgical training.All trainees should, however, benefit from experience in the day-case unit."'With the high level of day surgery in the United States much of trainees' teaching there must obviously go on in that setting.One of us (RH) performs 40% of his cataract operations as day cases and finds no real difficulty in teaching junior staff members while so doing.We certainly agree with Alistair R Fielder that this issue must not be used to stem the development of day case cataract surgery.Colin Dryden may be correct in claiming that modern general anaesthesia has many of the benefits associated with local anaesthesia.2A recent study of cataract surgery comparing general anaes- thesia with local anaesthesia found, however, that local anaesthesia was 15 times cheaper in material, led to a faster throughput of patients in the operating theatre, and halved the expenditure on staff (ophthalmologists gave the local anaesthetic).'These are important factors where waiting lists are long or units are competing to obtain contracts for work.Patients' opinions are hard to gauge, but a small study of 24 patients with cataract suggested a preference for local anaesthesia.4
Sports Medicine in the World Today
Authors: Vojin N. Smodlaka
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The first important attempt to form and define the area of sports medicine was made in Dresden, Germany, in 1911 at the World Hygienic Exposition, with a special department for hygiene of physical exercise. This exposition was the first reflection of the concepts of physicians from central Europe dealing with medical and hygienic problems in physical exercise, education, and sports. In 1913, a meeting of French physicians was held in Paris. The discussion covered the physiology and kinesiology of physical exercise. The French have since attributed great importance to this meeting by calling it the First Congress of Sports Medicine. World War I brought these activities to a standstill for many years. Finally, during the winter Olympics of 1928, in St. Moritz, Switzerland, Dr. Knoll of Switzerland and Dr. Latarjet of France took the initiative to call a meeting of 32 Olympic team physicians. This meeting established a committee with
Hypertension and wellbeing.
Authors: J S Gill, D G Beevers
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A pilot study on 10 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma and a randomised double-blind study on 18 patients with glaucoma were carried out to investigate the effect of pindolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma. The studies showed that pindolol may reduce the IOP and that no significant difference between the effect of timolol 0.5% and of pindolol 0.25% could be demonstrated. The serum concentration of pindolol was measured in 9 of the patients, but none had measurable serum levels.
The role of polymorphic HLA-DR beta chain residues in presentation of viral antigens to T cells.
Authors: R W Karr, W Yu, R Watts, K S Evans, E Celis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

The relative importance of 11 polymorphic positions in the HLA-DR7 beta 1 chain in T cell recognition of foreign antigens was investigated using transfectants expressing mutant DR7 beta 1 chains as APC for five rabies virus-specific T cell clones. The results indicate that multiple amino acids, located in both the beta-strands and alpha-helix of DR7 beta 1 in the model of a class II molecule, are involved in DR7-restricted T cell recognition of these antigens. Many of the substitutions appeared to reduce the affinity of an antigenic peptide for the mutant DR7 molecules but did not prevent binding. The heterogeneity of responses of the three G-specific T cell clones to presentation of the G11.3 peptide by several of the mutant DR7 molecules indicates that the T cell receptor (TCR) of each these clones requires a different view of the G11.3/DR7 complex and raises the possibility that the G11.3 peptide may bind to the DR7 molecule in more than one conformation.
Arsenic Exposure and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review of the Experimental and Epidemiologic Evidence
Authors: Ana Navas-Acien, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Robin A. Streeter, Jeanne M. Clark, Thomas A. Burke, Eliseo Guallar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Chronic arsenic exposure has been suggested to contribute to diabetes development. We performed a systematic review of the experimental and epidemiologic evidence on the association of arsenic and type 2 diabetes. We identified 19 in vitro studies of arsenic and glucose metabolism. Five studies reported that arsenic interfered with transcription factors involved in insulin-related gene expression: upstream factor 1 in pancreatic beta-cells and peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma in preadipocytes. Other in vitro studies assessed the effect of arsenic on glucose uptake, typically using very high concentrations of arsenite or arsenate. These studies provide limited insight on potential mechanisms. We identified 10 in vivo studies in animals. These studies showed inconsistent effects of arsenic on glucose metabolism. Finally, we identified 19 epidemiologic studies (6 in high-arsenic areas in Taiwan and Bangladesh, 9 in occupational populations, and 4 in other populations). In studies from Taiwan and Bangladesh, the pooled relative risk estimate for diabetes comparing extreme arsenic exposure categories was 2.52 (95% confidence interval, 1.69-3.75), although methodologic problems limit the interpretation of the association. The evidence from occupational studies and from general populations other than Taiwan or Bangladesh was inconsistent. In summary, the current available evidence is inadequate to establish a causal role of arsenic in diabetes. Because arsenic exposure is widespread and diabetes prevalence is reaching epidemic proportions, experimental studies using arsenic concentrations relevant to human exposure and prospective epidemiologic studies measuring arsenic biomarkers and appropriately assessing diabetes should be a research priority.
TCT-702 Three-dimensional color Doppler transesophageal echocardiography is helpful in determining the number of MitraClip devices
Authors: Takashi Matsumoto, Jun Tanaka, Wen Loong Yeow, Asma Hussaini, Mamoo Nakamura, Moody Makar, Alfredo Trento, Takahiro Shiota, Saibal Kar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23
Authors: Anuradha Kalyanasundaram, Vadim V. Fedorov
Journal: Circulation (2014)

C ardiovascular disease (CVD) and the associated rhythm abnormalities manifesting as tachyarrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), continue as leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and developed countries. 1In spite of the exciting momentum of new discoveries that have greatly improved our understanding of several key molecular mechanisms underlying AF, identifying and managing AF during its early onset stage is extremely challenging. 2Traditionally, direct causes for CVD have been attributed primarily to genes, ischemic heart disease, poor dietary choices, and lack of exercise; studies later revealed that diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are powerful risk factors that can equally impact the heart and cause pathologic structural remodeling, contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, and heart failure, which are well-established substrates for AF.
Acquired iron overload associated with antitransferrin monoclonal immunoglobulin: A case report
Authors: Gian Luca Forni, Domenico Girelli, Martina Lamagna, Marco Mori, Eugenio Marinaro, Natascia Campostrini, Paola Carrara, Massimo Maffei
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

We describe a patient with an unusual combination of hypersideremia (700 microg/dL), hypertransferrinemia (570 mg/dL), hyperferritinemia (800 microg/L), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), in which the monoclonal immunoglobulin showed specific transferrin-binding activity. Liver histology revealed hepatic iron overload, prominent in periportal hepatocytes, suggesting intestinal iron hyperabsorption. We demonstrate that low urinary hepcidin, likely due to impaired iron delivery to erythroid cells via the transferrin cycle pathway over time, may be the mechanism for iron loading. We suggest that MGUS associated with monoclonal antibodies with antitransferrin activity should be added to the list of acquired causes of hemochromatosis.
Itching and Scratching: Psychodynamics in Dermatology
Authors: Joseph G. Kepecs
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Musaph has produced a worthwhile addition to the literature of psychocutaneous medicine. His monograph is oriented more toward the intensive, psychoanalytically modelled study of a relatively few individual patients than is Wittkower and Russell'sEmotional Factors in Skin Diseases. And though it makes a bow to the dermatologists, it is definitely less directed toward them than is Obermayer'sPsychocutaneous Medicine. The book will be best understood by those relatively sophisticated in psychoanalysis and psychosomatic medicine.  Though dealing extensively with itching and scratching, it also includes much other information about emotional elements in bullosis psychogenica, atopic dermatitis, and urticaria. In addition to Dr. Musaph, another psychoanalyst and a dermatologist also offer comments on certain patients.  Influenced by ethology, Musaph describes itching and scratching as derived activities, ie, in frustrating situations, affects such as anger may be converted infra-symbolically into itching and scratching. This response is not then a concealed or
Centralised interpretation of electrocardiograms.
Authors: P W Macfarlane, M P Watts, T D Lawrie, R S Walker
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A system was devised so that a peripheral hospital could transmit electrocardiograms (ECGs) to a central computer for interpretation. The link that transmits both ECGs and reports is provided by the telephone network. Initial results showed that telephone transmission did not significantly affect the accuracy of the ECG interpretation. The centralised computer programme could be much more widely used to provide ECG interpretations. A telephone link would not be justified in health centres, where the demand for ECGs is fairly small, but ECGs recorded at a health centre can be sent to the computer for interpretation and returned the next day. The most cost-effective method of providing computer interpretation for several health centres in a large city would be to have a portable electrocardiograph and transmission facilities, which could be moved from centre to centre.
Understanding splicing regulation through RNA splicing maps
Authors: Joshua T. Witten, Jernej Ule
Journal: Trends in Genetics (2011)

Alternative splicing is a highly regulated process that greatly increases the proteome diversity and plays an important role in cellular differentiation and disease. Interactions between RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and pre-mRNA are the principle regulator of splicing decisions. Findings from recent genome-wide studies of protein-RNA interactions have been combined with assays of the global effects of RBPs on splicing to create RNA splicing maps. These maps integrate information from all pre-mRNAs regulated by single RBPs to identify the global positioning principles guiding splicing regulation. Recent studies using this approach have identified a set of positional principles that are shared between diverse RBPs. Here, we discuss how insights from RNA splicing maps of different RBPs inform the mechanistic models of splicing regulation.
Stromal Characteristics are Potential Prognostic Markers for Ipsilateral Locoregional Recurrence in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS)
Authors: M. Van Bockstal, K. Lambein, O. De Wever, M. Praet, V. Cocquyt, R. Van den Broecke, G. Braems, H. Denys, L. Libbrecht
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease: Predicting Risks by Levels and Ratios
Authors: Bruce Kinosian
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Comparison of four measures of cholesterol for predicting men and women who will develop coronary heart disease within 8 to 10 years.Cohort study.1898 men who received placebo (the placebo group of the Lipid Research Clinics [LRC] Coronary Primary Prevention Trial [CPPT]), 1025 men and 1442 women who participated in the 1970-1971 Framingham Heart Study biennial examination, and 1911 men and 1767 women without coronary heart disease who were from the LRC Population Prevalence Study.Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and the ratio of LDL to HDL. Outcomes were coronary heart disease in the CPPT and Framingham studies and death from coronary heart disease in the Prevalence Study.Independent information in the total cholesterol/HDL ratio added risk-discriminating ability to total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol measures (P < 0.02), but the reverse was not true. Among women, a high-risk threshold of 5.6 for the total cholesterol/HDL ratio identified a 0% to 15% larger group at 25% to 45% greater risk in the Prevalence and Framingham studies, respectively, than did current guidelines. Among men in the same studies, a risk threshold of 6.4 for the total cholesterol/HDL ratio identified a 69% to 95% larger group at 2% to 14% greater risk than did LDL cholesterol levels alone. Eight-year likelihood ratios for coronary heart disease ranged from 0.32 to 3.11 in men and from 0.59 to 2.98 in women for total cholesterol/HDL ratios (grouped from < 3 to > or = 9).The total cholesterol/HDL ratio is a superior measure of risk for coronary heart disease compared with either total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol levels. Current practice guidelines could be more efficient if risk stratification was based on this ratio rather than primarily on the LDL cholesterol level.
Nouns on Nouns
Authors: Clifford L. Graves
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To  Editor.—  Maybe I am a word freak, but isn't there something we can do about that bloated verbal monstrosity  health care delivery system?   It's not that I am against health care. But why mess with that word delivery? It adds nothing to  meaning and it saps attention that  reader can ill afford to waste. Just put these two concepts side by side:  health care system (or simply health care) and  health care delivery system. Does delivery add anything?  I have never known a physician to say that he was delivering health care. Dispense, maybe. Deliver? Ouch.  Grammatically,  health care delivery system is a multiple-noun abomination. Some writers call this the noun plague. The noun plague is born when a groggy writer piles noun on noun until he is way over his head, eg,  garbage disposal (good example) unit assembly instruction booklet
Hemodynamic and clinical response to enalapril, a long-acting converting-enzyme inhibitor, in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: T B Levine, M T Olivari, V Garberg, S W Sharkey, J N Cohn
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Enalapril, a new oral angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor, was administered to nine patients with severe congestive heart failure. Short-term hemodynamic response was noted within 2 hr and persisted for up to 24 hr. At peak effect mean arterial pressure fell from 83.4 +/- 10(SD) to 72.1 +/- 16.2 mm Hg (p less than .01), right atrial pressure from 13.6 +/- 6.0 to 10.4 +/- 7.5 mm Hg (p less than .01), pulmonary arterial pressure from 38.9 +/- 4.8 to 31.9 +/- 4.8 mm Hg (p less than .01), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure from 28.2 +/- 3.5 to 22.1 +/- 5.1 mm Hg (p less than .01), and total pulmonary resistance from 875 +/- 304 to 697 +/- 291 dynes-sec-cm-5 (p less than .05). Cardiac index was not changed, but there was a significant redistribution of regional blood flow with an increase of renal blood flow after enalapril. Plasma renin activity rose significantly from 6.2 to 28.6 ng/ml/hr, whereas plasma norepinephrine did not change after enalapril. Seven patients were treated with enalapril for 4 weeks. Five patients reported symptomatic improvement. Five of six patients tested had an increase in both exercise time (NS) and maximum oxygen consumption (NS). Repeat hemodynamic evaluation in six patients after long-term enalapril therapy showed a persistent effect with significant reductions in right atrial pressure from 13.8 +/- 7.2 to 7.1 +/- 4.7 mm Hg and in mean arterial pressure from 82.5 +/- 10.4 to 76.6 +/- 5.3 mm Hg and a significant increase in cardiac index from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 2.5 +/- 0.5 l/min/m2 (all p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Necrolytic acral erythema following hepatitis B vaccination
Authors: C. Pernet, B. Guillot, O. Araka, O. Dereure, D. Bessis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Necrolytic acral erythema following hepatitis B vaccination Get access C. Pernet, C. Pernet University of Montpellier I and Department of Dermatology St Eloi Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier FranceDepartment of Pathology Gui de Chauliac Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Guillot, B. Guillot University of Montpellier I and Department of Dermatology St Eloi Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Araka, O. Araka Department of Health and Environment Araks‐conseil Montpellier France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Dereure, O. Dereure University of Montpellier I and Department of Dermatology St Eloi Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Bessis D. Bessis University of Montpellier I and Department of Dermatology St Eloi Hospital CHU Montpellier Montpellier France Correspondence: Didier Bessis E‐mail: d-bessis@chu-montpellier.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 171, Issue 5, 1 November 2014, Pages 1255–1256, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13085 Published: 01 November 2014
Liver: An organ with predominant innate immunity
Authors: Bin Gao, Won-Il Jeong, Zhigang Tian
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Blood circulating from the intestines to the liver is rich in bacterial products, environmental toxins, and food antigens. To effectively and quickly defend against potentially toxic agents without launching harmful immune responses, the liver relies on its strong innate immune system. This comprises enrichment of innate immune cells (such as macrophages, natural killer, natural killer T, and gammadelta T cells) and removal of waste molecules and immunologic elimination of microorganisms by liver endothelial cells and Kupffer cells. In addition, the liver also plays an important role in controlling systemic innate immunity through the biosynthesis of numerous soluble pathogen-recognition receptors and complement components.The liver is an organ with predominant innate immunity, playing an important role not only in host defenses against invading microorganisms and tumor transformation but also in liver injury and repair. Recent evidence suggests that innate immunity is also involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, providing novel therapeutic targets to treat such a liver disorder.
The dizzy clinic and the dictionary (etymology and otology)
Authors: Emma Stapleton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

In the “dizzy clinic” it is essential to find out whether a patient has a sensation of motion (vertigo), a feeling of unsteadiness (dysequilibrium), or both. Patients often use the word vertigo incorrectly, and frequently admit that they've read about it on the internet.

The American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery defines vertigo as “the sensation of motion when no motion is occurring relative to the earth's gravity, in contrast to motion intolerance, which is a feeling of dysequilibrium, spatial disorientation, or malaise during active or passive movement.”1

However, vertigo is defined by the Oxford Dictionary of English as “a sensation of whirling and …
Progressive Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: MARTIAL A. DEMANY, HENRY A. ZIMMERMAN
Journal: Circulation (1969)

This paper describes the case of a young man with progressive muscular dystrophy who had supraventricular arrhythmias and intractable congestive failure. Hemodynamic studies and left cineventriculographic findings were compatible with a diagnosis of severe left ventricular failure. Coronary cinearteriography showed an abrupt ending of the artery to the sino-atrial node. At necropsy, a noninflammatory degeneration was found in this particular vessel. The pathogenesis of the cardiac arrhythmias seen in this condition is discussed in the light of these cineangiographic and histopathologic observations.
STUDIES ON CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM METABOLISM IN DISEASE
Authors: Frank P. Underhill, James A. Honeij, L. Jean Bogert
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

In leprosy there is a definite retention of calcium. The more advanced the stage of the disease the greater is the degree of retention. This behavior on the part of leprous individuals may be taken as an indication that the organism is in need of calcium. Magnesium may also be retained in leprosy, but .the degree of retention is much less marked than in the case of calcium. With the exception of the retention of calcium and magnesium the leprous organism responds to changes in the intake of calcium and magnesium in the same manner as normal individuals. The results of this investigation suggest that in leprosy administration of calcium may be of benefit as an additional therapeutic measure in an endeavor to retard or arrest the progress of the bone changes characteristic of the disease.
Primary Care in Transition
Authors: W. Benson Harer
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —Dr Alper 1 discusses his view of ways to increase access to primary care services in the United States. He decries the impact on reimbursement to primary care physicians as a result of the implementation of the Medicare resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS), but seems to suggest trading one problem for another. He also fails to recognize that there are physicians other than those in the specialties of family medicine, internal medicine, and pediatrics who also practice primary care.  Obstetrician-gynecologists (OBGs), for example, not only provide primary care services for many women, they have the knowledge and skills necessary to serve as effectively as any physician, and more effectively than most, as a gatekeeper in any system that requires it.  Alper's contention that primary care is underrepresented on the American Medical Association (AMA) Specialty Society Relative Value Update Committee is less than accurate. As the OBG representative