tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Poor, Poor Paracelsus
Authors: Ellis Quay
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Sometimes the white-space filler is the most interesting part ofThe Journal—and sometimes it is utterly silly. Take, eg, the recent remarks on Paracelsus (<b>193</b>:1114, 1965). Of course Paracelsus made mistakes. Mr. Pachter says, "Paracelsus might have discovered this [a mistake] had he owned a microscope." Just think what Paracelsus might have done if he had used a spectrophotometer. Isaac Newton, too, could have accomplished quite a lot if only he had had sense enough to use a digital computer. And Galileo might have made quite a name for himself if he hadn't been too lazy to cross the ocean and avail himself of the Mt. Palomar telescope.
Enhancing the human swallowing motor system by the application of a novel brain stimulation intervention, intermittent theta burst stimulation
Authors: S. Mistry, E. Michou, S. Hamdy
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a novel non-invasive brain stimulation paradigm that can facilitate corticospinal excitability of human primary motor cortex.1 This form of plasticity induced within the stimulated brain is proposed to occur through induction of long-term potentiation and has therapeutic potential but has never been applied to the study of human swallowing. <h3>Methods</h3> Transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked pharyngeal motor responses were recorded via a swallowed intraluminal catheter and used to assess motor cortical representation of swallowing in both dominant and non-dominant hemispheres2 before and for up to 90 min after iTBS in 13 healthy adults (6 female/7 male, 18–58 years old). iTBS consisted of 2 s trains of 3 pulses delivered at 50 Hz and repeated at a frequency of 5 Hz. Bursts were repeated every 10 s for a total of 192 s (20 repetitions, 600 pulses) at 80% of the active motor threshold of abductor pollicis brevis (APB). iTBS (active/sham) was delivered in a double-blind pseudo-randomised order in each hemisphere on separate days at least one week apart. Recordings made from the APB were used as control. Hemispheric interventional data were compared to sham using repeated measures ANOVA and Dunnett post-hoc tests in SPSS. <h3>Results</h3> iTBS was tolerated well by all volunteers and delivered at an average intensity of 43% of stimulator output. iTBS to the dominant swallowing hemisphere induced an increase only in pharyngeal responses from the contralateral non-dominant projection to a maximum of 45% (p &lt; 0.05), 90 min after stimulation (figure 1), with little change in dominant hemisphere responses. By contrast, iTBS to the non-dominant projection (p = 0.93) and sham stimulation (p = 0.61) had no significant effects on responses from either projection. APB responses similarly showed no significant effects of intervention (p = 0.63). Measurements of intracortical inhibition and facilitation were not affected over the course of the study. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data indicate that iTBS may have transcallosal effects on the excitability of contralateral brain regions that build up over time. This may suggest that iTBS is acting on inhibitory pathways to contralateral swallowing systems via disinhibition mechanisms. While more work is needed to clarify the extent of these non-primary changes in excitability, iTBS may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of dysphagia after stroke.
How High Is Up?
Authors: George L. River
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Mrs Blue's eyes sparkled whenever she skewered some stupidity or pomposity from her headquarters at the Ward Clerk's desk, Ward 35, Men's Medicine. She saw all, heard all, and knew all that went on at Cook County Hospital. As I worked my way up the ladder from nurse technician to junior medical clerk, senior medical clerk to intern, medical resident to renal team member, and finally fellow in hematology, my triumphs and woes were often shared with Mrs Blue, bringing from her very thoughtful and appreciated comments. One fine day near the end of my years of medical apprenticeship, looking forward and upward, I said to her, "Well, there's just one thing left for me." "Yes," she replied gently, "you've got to come back as a patient some time."
Where Do Obituary Listings Come From? Putting the Matter to Rest
Authors: Paul J. Rosch
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —As one approaches senior-citizen status and beyond, there is often a concomitant increased tendency to turn to newspaper and other obituary columns more rapidly or frequently and to read them with greater interest. In that regard, the Obituary Listing in the March 3, 1993,<sup>1</sup>issue seemed most extraordinary. The average age of the 45 physicians listed was 91.3 years, almost half were 93 years of age or older, and the youngest age at death was 86 years. Might the practice of medicine five or six decades ago have played a role in the remarkable longevity of these recently departed colleagues? Physicians were held in higher esteem, and there was more reliance on the caring attributes and skills of practitioners. One cannot help but wonder whether contemporary physicians are not increasingly being robbed of the opportunity to reap the physical, emotional, and spiritual rewards their predecessors enjoyed
Triggering Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Peter H. Stone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Enormous progress made during the past few decades has dramatically enhanced our understanding of the pathobiology and pathophysiology responsible for acute myocardial infarction. Investigations in vascular biology have elucidated the critical role of growth factors, the proliferation of smooth-muscle cells, and the central role of inflammation in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.1 Research has also focused on the initiating events or "triggers" that qualitatively alter the stable or quiescent phase of coronary atherosclerosis and initiate a cascade of events that culminates in acute myocardial infarction. Some triggering phenomena may exert a single, transient effect on the pathophysiologic process, such . . .
Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Carroll B. Larson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IT is the purpose of this report to present as clear-cut a clinical picture as possible of the common conditions affecting the shoulder. More than sixty articles from the literature of the past four years have been reviewed to form the basis of this survey.Codman1 so well described all known conditions that his book still represents a standard by which all that is new must be judged. Every writer on a subject pertaining to the shoulder is aware of this, and it therefore follows that anyone concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of conditions about the shoulder should be . . .
UNFAVORABLE SALVARSAN REPORTS—VERBOTEN
Authors: James C. Sargent
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I subtend a copy of a letter received day before yesterday. The letter is written on the stationery of O'Gorman. Battle &amp; Vandiver. Attorneys and Counselors at Law, 37 Wall St., New York City: May 22, 1918. James C. Sargent, M.D. Room 838, Wells Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis. <h3>Sir:</h3> —We represent Mr. Herman A. Metz, President of the Farbwerke-Hoechst Co., distributors, under Federal License, of Salvarsan, Mr. Metz directs us to call your attention to an article published over your signature inThe Journalof the American Medical Association in its issue of March 30, 1918. Mr. Metz directs us to inform you that the publication of this article and the statements therein were seriously damaging to the Farbwerke-Hoechst Co., and directs us to say further to you that he and the Corporation will hold you personally responsible for any repetition, oral or written, of the same or
Calling All Clinical Guidelines
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
QUANTITATIVE IMPACT OF REMNANT LIPOPROTEINS ON RISK FOR HARD CHD EVENTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF THE FRAMINGHAM OFFSPRING AND JACKSON HEART STUDIES
Authors: Peter P. Toth, Joseph Massaro, Steven Jones, Seth Lirette, Michael Griswold, Seth Martin, Parag Joshi, Ralph D'Agostino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Diagnosis of Thyroid Disease-Reply
Authors: George O. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In spite of the current multitude of thyroid function tests, we have yet to see any single test prove to be completely specific and reliable. To allow the Achilles reflex test, a relative newcomer in the field of diagnostic procedures, to displace clinical judgment in diagnosing thyroid dysfunction is contrary to sound medical practice, and is certainly overly enthusiastic. Lawson, who devised the kinemometer, has tended to be conservative in his estimate of its diagnostic accuracy. In 1959, he reported that the test was 95.9 per cent accurate in diagnosing euthyroidism, 94.1 per cent accurate in hypothyroidism, and 71.4 per cent accurate in hyperthyroidism. Also in 1959, he stated that the test appears "promising in diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction, but its prime value is in following the effects of therapy once the diagnosis has been established, using all available diagnostic means at hand." He did not think
Abstract 3331: An increase in cancer stem cell population after primary systemic therapy is a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer
Authors: Hee Eun Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Sung-Won Kim, In Ah Kim, Eun Joo Kim, So Yeon Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has important clinical implications for cancer therapeutics because of the proposed role of CSCs in chemoresistance. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the CSC populations before and after primary systemic therapy (PST) and their prognostic role in human breast cancer. Methods: Paired samples (before and after PST) of breast cancer tissue were obtained from clinical stage II or III patients (n=92) undergoing PST and subsequent breast resection. The proportions of putative CSCs with CD44+/CD24- or ALDH1+ phenotypes were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: A higher proportion of CD44+/CD24- tumor cells and ALDH1 positivity in pre-chemotherapy biopsy was correlated with higher histologic grade, estrogen receptor negativity, high Ki-67 proliferation index and basal-like subtype of breast cancer. ALDH1 positivity in pre-chemotherapy biopsy was also associated with a higher rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) following PST. In comparisons of putative CSC populations before and after PST, the proportions of CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1+ tumor cells were significantly increased after PST. The cases with increased CD44+/CD24- tumor cell populations after PST showed high Ki-67 proliferation index in post-chemotherapy specimens and those with increased ALDH1+ tumor cell population after PST were associated with estrogen receptor negativity and p53 overexpression. Furthermore, cases showing such an increase had significantly shorter disease-free survival time than those with no change or a reduced number of CSCs. Conclusions: The present study provides the clinical evidence that the putative CSCs in breast cancer are chemoresistant and are associated with tumor progression, emphasizing the need for targeting of CSCs in the breast cancer therapeutics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3331. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3331
A New Optical System in Tympanic Membrane and Middle Ear Endoscopy
Authors: H. Eichner
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

In cooperation with the firm of Richard Wolf, a new ear telescope has been developed which facilitates the diagnosis and documentation of tympanic membrane lesions. This 6.8 mm telescope of the Lumina type is prevented from misting up by a stream of air directed across the distal viewing window. This 6.8 mm Lumina telescope also formed the basis for a completely newly developed optical system for middle ear endoscopy. This combined optical system comprising a mother and baby scope has been undergoing trials for the past 18 months. The baby scope can be passed through the mother scope, thus permitting inspection of the tympanic cavity, under direct vision and unaffected by involuntary movements of the patients. The particular configuration of this system makes it easy for the endoscopist to apply his eye first to one and then to the other telescope. The 6.8 mm mother scope and the 2.7 mm baby scope can both be connected to a camera which provides high-quality pictures the dimension of which are only a little smaller than those of a slide.
Early diastolic filling dynamics during experimental mitral regurgitation in the conscious dog.
Authors: K Katayama, T Tajimi, B D Guth, M Matsuzaki, J D Lee, R Seitelberger, K L Peterson
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Diastolic flow into the left ventricle during mitral regurgitation must increase as total stroke volume increases in response to the volume overload. The mechanisms that allow augmented diastolic filling are not fully defined. Accordingly, the left ventricle of five dogs was instrumented with a micromanometer and sonomicrometers and studied during the conscious state before (control) and after the creation of significant mitral regurgitation. Serial measurements were made at control and up to 4 weeks after the creation of the volume overload. Heart rate, peak systolic wall stress, and peak positive dP/dt showed no significant changes between control and subsequent observations. End-diastolic volume and total stroke volume progressively and significantly increased during the 4-week course. When compared with the control state (51 +/- 4, mean +/- SD), the filling fraction during the first 40% of diastolic time was increased at 4 days (67 +/- 10%, p less than 0.001), 2 weeks (72 +/- 6%, p less than 0.001), and 4 weeks (76 +/- 10%, p less than 0.001). During the period of adaptation to the volume overload, filling fraction correlated with end-diastolic volume (r = 0.52, p less than 0.02) and total stroke volume (r = 0.80, p less than 0.001). Compared with the control state (0.81 +/- 0.04), eccentricity of the left ventricle at end systole decreased at 4 weeks (0.79 +/- 0.06, p less than 0.05); the absolute change in this ratio during the first 40% of diastolic time was significantly augmented at 2 weeks (0.09 +/- 0.02, p less than 0.05) and 4 weeks (0.11 +/- 0.04, p less than 0.005) compared with control (0.05 +/- 0.02). Ventricular elastance (pressure/volume) at end systole (minimum volume) was 1.70 +/- 0.50 mm Hg/ml at control, 1.09 +/- 0.46 at 4 days (p less than 0.05), 0.96 +/- 0.42 at 2 weeks (p less than 0.01), and 0.99 +/- 0.22 at 4 weeks (p less than 0.01). Moreover, the elastance change during the rapid-filling phase was significantly diminished after creation of mitral regurgitation. Thus, during the volume overload of mitral regurgitation, the left ventricle accommodates a higher percentage of its total stroke volume during early diastole; this adaptation can be correlated with augmented systolic shortening, and thereby with increased restorative forces or elastic recoil, and with reduced chamber elastance and eccentricity during the early part of diastole. Other potential mechanisms include altered systolic and relaxation loading, augmented elastic recoil of the left atrium, left atrium and left ventricular pressure gradient, accelerated myocardial inactivation, and increased adrenergic stimulation.
The Care of the Patient
Authors: Egon E. Kattwinkel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

MY EXCUSE for presenting a nonscientific paper at this scientific meeting is that I believe that a periodic consideration of this important subject is good for all of us. Among the lectures in my student days that are high lighted, none stand out more sharply than the Peabody Lectures, which were titled "The Care of the Patient." Since everyday practice has demonstrated the great importance of this phase of medical practice, I have often wondered why medical schools allot so little time to its consideration. As I remember it, there were only two or three lectures each year on the . . .
Oral <i>SMAD7</i> Antisense Drug for Crohn's Disease
Authors: Severine Vermeire
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Crohn's disease is characterized by relapsing inflammation leading to ulcers in the ileum and colon. Crohn's disease also affects the perianal region in more than half of patients. The disease is caused by a defective recognition, tolerance, or elimination of microbiota in a person who is genetically susceptible. An inappropriately overrobust reaction of the adaptive immune system leads to chronic transmural inflammation and is the cause of progressive intestinal damage, which occurs in more than two thirds of patients. In their landmark paper in 1932, Burrill Crohn and colleagues described the consequences of the disease: “a disproportionate connective tissue reaction . . .
Participant-Level Data and the New Frontier in Trial Transparency
Authors: Deborah A. Zarin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Medical progress is possible only because altruistic volunteers put themselves at risk in clinical trials. The results of those trials are then used to inform medical decisions. The traditional system of relying on investigators, sponsors, and journal editors to decide whether, when, and how to report trial results was based on trust. There was no way to know what trials had been conducted, what data were collected, how they were analyzed, and whether the reported data were complete and accurate. Policies mandating the registration of trials and the reporting of summary results were instituted to provide greater transparency. In turn, . . .
Differentiation of the mRNA transcripts originating from the alpha 1- and alpha 2-globin loci in normals and alpha-thalassemics.
Authors: S A Liebhaber, Y W Kan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The alpha-globin polypeptide is encoded by two adjacent genes, alpha 1 and alpha 2. In the normal diploid state (alpha alpha/alpha alpha) all four alpha-globin genes are expressed. Loss or dysfunction of one or more of these genes leads to deficient alpha-globin production and results in alpha-thalassemia. We present a technique to differentially assess the steady-state levels of the alpha 1- and alpha-2-globin messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts and thus delineate the relative level of expression of the two alpha-globin loci in a variety of alpha-thalassemia states. Only alpha 1 mRNA was produced in the alpha-thalassemia-2 haplotype (-alpha) (one of the two alpha-globin genes deleted from chromosome 16). This confirms previous gene mapping data which demonstrate deletion of the alpha 2 gene. The triple alpha-globin gene haplotype (alpha alpha alpha) is the reciprocal of the alpha-thalassemia-2 haplotype and thus contains an extra alpha 2-globin gene. RNA from this haplotype contained a greater than normal level of alpha 2-relative to alpha 1-globin mRNA. This data implies that the extra alpha 2 gene in the triple alpha-globin haplotype is functional. We detected a relative instability of the alpha 2-globin mRNA encoding the alpha-globin structural mutant Constant Spring. This instability may contribute to the low level of expression of the alpha-Constant Spring protein. In a Chinese patient with nondeletion hemoglobin-H disease (- -/alpha alpha T) (both alpha-globin genes are present but not fully functional) a normal ratio was maintained between the levels of alpha 1- and alpha 2-globin mRNA, implying that mRNA production from both alpha-globin genes is suppressed in a balanced manner. These observations extended previous findings concerning the structural rearrangements in the deletion types of alpha-thalassemia and the pathophysiology of two nondeletion variants.
Colitis and Hepatitis Caused by Methyldopa
Authors: Herbert L. Bonkowsky
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Acute, severe colitis and hepatitis developed in a 55-year-old man on two occasions in relation to administration of methyldopa. He also had fever, skin rash, and eosinophilia, suggesting drug allergy. All symptoms and signs remitted after he stopped taking the drug. It appears that this agent is capable of producing acute colitis as well as the previously recognized hepatitis.
INCREASE IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS (CVRFS) IN A YOUNG, ASYMPTOMATIC AND PHYSICALLY ACTIVE POPULATION WITH A NORMAL BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)
Authors: Glenn Lee, Hui Wen Sim, Yanni Tan, Thazin Ma, Kian Hwa Lew, Eng Chun Tan, Li Ching Lee, Hean Yee Ong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Expression of a cell adhesion protein (VLA β) in normal and diseased skin
Authors: ELISABETH RALFKIAER, K. THOMSEN, GUNHILD L. VEJLSGAARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Expression of a cell adhesion protein (VLA β) in normal and diseased skin Get access ELISABETH RALFKIAER, ELISABETH RALFKIAER Department of Pathology and *Dermatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Dr Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 11 Frederik V's vej, DK‐2100 Copenhagen θ, Denmark. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. THOMSEN, K. THOMSEN Department of Pathology and *Dermatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar GUNHILD L. VEJLSGAARD GUNHILD L. VEJLSGAARD Department of Pathology and *Dermatology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 6, 1 June 1991, Pages 527–532, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb04944.x Published: 01 June 1991
Supervision of Epileptic Patients Taking Phenytoin
Authors: F. B. Gibberd, J. F. Dunne, A. J. Handley, B. L. Hazleman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Serum phenytoin concentrations in outpatients and inpatients with epilepsy have been contrasted. Individual patients were receiving prescriptions ranging from 100 to 300 mg. of sodium phenytoin daily, but the two groups were comparable in respect of dosage, age, and sex distribution. Whereas the mean phenytoin concentration among 14 inpatients was 28 mug./ml. that among 15 outpatients was only 15.7 mug./ml. When the supervision of a further 12 outpatients was changed to include more frequent visits and regular provision of blood samples their mean serum concentration of phenytoin rose from 17.5 to 27.7 mug./ml.The results indicate that failure to follow dosage instructions is a factor of major importance among epileptic patients whose response to treatment is inadequate or erratic.