tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HLA Antigens in Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Howard R. Smith, Michael Seldin, Alfred D. Steinberg, Josef S. Smolen, Wolfgang R. Mayr, Richard J. Davey, Elaine S. Jaffe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1985HLA Antigens in Angioimmunoblastic LymphadenopathyHOWARD R. SMITH, M.D., MICHAEL SELDIN, M.D., Ph.D., ALFRED D. STEINBERG, M.D., JOSEF S. SMOLEN, M.D., WOLFGANG R. MAYR, M.D., RICHARD J. DAVEY, M.D., ELAINE S. JAFFE, M.D.HOWARD R. SMITH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MICHAEL SELDIN, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, ALFRED D. STEINBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEF S. SMOLEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WOLFGANG R. MAYR, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD J. DAVEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ELAINE S. JAFFE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-3-471_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is a rare clinicopathologic entity that is characterized by lymphadenopathy, systemic autoimmune features, and a high potential for lymphoid malignancy (1, 2). The systemic features resemble those found in systemic lupus erythematosus and primary sicca syndrome. Because the latter disorders are associated with certain HLA types (3, 4), we investigated a potential relationship between angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and HLA phenotypes. Despite the very rare occurrence of the disease, we have been able to study seven white patients with this diagnosis over the last 3 years. All seven have fulfilled the classical histologic criteria for the disease...References1. FRIZZERAMORANRAPPAPORT GEH. Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy: diagnosis and clinical course. Am J Med. 1975;59:803-18. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LUKESTINDLE RB. Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy: a hyperimmune entity resembling Hodgkin's disease. N Engl J Med. 1975;292:1-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. REINERTSENKLIPPELJOHNSONSTEINBERGDECKERMANN JJAAJD. B-lymphocyte alloantigens associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 1978;299:515-18. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CHUSEDKASSANOPELZ TSG. Sjögren's syndrome associated with HLA-DW3. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:895-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. TERASAKI P ed. Histocompatibility Testing. Los Angeles: UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory; 1980. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1985Volume 103, Issue 3Page: 471-471KeywordsAntigensHuman leukocyte antigenLupus erythematosusPhenotypes Issue Published: 1 September 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
EFFECTS OF EMOTIONS ON GASTROINTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY
Authors: M. I. Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1949)

To the Editor:—  The writing of this letter is prompted by the editorial entitled A Female Alexis St. Martin which appeared in the June 11 issue ofThe Journal. There are errors of fact and errors of logic in this editorial.  The statement is made, ... in all men previously studied, beginning with Alexis St. Martin, resentment, anger and similar emotions were nearly always followed by hyperemia, hypermotility and hypersecretion of the gastric mucosa. Quite to the contrary, Beaumont records only inhibition of gastric motor and acid secretory activity accompanying emotional storms in Alexis St. Martin.  Actually, aside from the writings of Wolf and Wolff there are only a few incidental or poorly documented references to the occurrence of hyperactivity of the stomach at times of emotional stress. In contrast with the abundant evidence showing depression of gastric movements and secretion during affective states, the existence of the phenomenon of heightened
Louse-borne Typhus Fever
Authors: C. Donald, P. B. Barker
Journal: BMJ (1942)

MEDICL JOURNAL3is read from the scale on the test-tube.If this method is employed care should be taken to ensure that the tubes used are properly calibrated and of the same diameter.Our thanks are due to Dr. R. G. Macfarlane of Oxford and Dr. J. M. Peterson of Cardiff, who have carried out independent investigations of the alkaline haematin method for helpful dis- cussions and advice
Syphilis in the AIDS Era
Authors: Edmund C. Tramont
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

IT is difficult for those of us practicing modern-day medicine to comprehend how pervasive syphilis was in the pre-antibiotic era. For example, medical textbooks commonly divided the discussion of organ systems into sections on congenital defects, tumors, trauma, and infections, but listed syphilis as a separate category. Sir William Osier was often quoted: "Know syphilis in all its manifestations and relations, and all other things clinical will be added unto you."All that has changed. No disease was more dramatically affected by antibiotics than syphilis. The incidence fell 18-fold from a peak of 72 cases per 100,000 population in 1943 . . .
Review of Hear the Silence: Confusion has resulted from conflating two questions into one
Authors: E. Cooper
Journal: BMJ (2004)

November and Clark and Smith in their editorial focus on the crisis in academic medicine with the tagline "Medicine's capacity to research, think, and teach is collapsing." 1 I do not disagree, but I am concerned that all of the articles predominantly emphasise research and those who are employed as medical academics.To focus mainly on those with a formal academic contract of employment and particularly on those who do substantive research is to look at only part of the problem.Many consultants and others employed by the NHS have important teaching and research responsibilities, and clinical teaching is often delivered largely by "non-academics."An assumption prevails that these areas are largely the province of medical academics, and the BMJ seems to be perpetuating this view.Good research and good teaching are somehow assumed to go together, when that is not necessarily the case.Neither are they mutually exclusive.The problem is that across medicine doctors are struggling to maintain a commitment to research and teaching as well as an ever increasing commitment to service delivery.The new consultant contracts in England, Scotland, and Wales may help to better define the non-clinical duties of NHS and academic staff alike, but they are also in danger of being squeezed out in favour of delivering services and meeting targets.Nothing short of a wholesale review of the way research and teaching are delivered will address these problems.Sorting out research, and only research done by medical academics, is at best papering over the cracks.
In vitro susceptibility testing of ciclopirox, terbinafine, ketoconazole and itraconazole against dermatophytes and nondermatophytes, and in vitro evaluation of combination antifungal activity
Authors: A.K. Gupta, Y. Kohli
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article In vitro susceptibility testing of ciclopirox, terbinafine, ketoconazole and itraconazole against dermatophytes and nondermatophytes, and in vitro evaluation of combination antifungal activity Get access A.K. Gupta, A.K. Gupta Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Science Center (Sunnybrook site) and the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadaMediprobe Laboratories Inc., London, ON, Canada Dr Aditya K.Gupta. E‐mail: agupta@execulink.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Kohli Y. Kohli Mediprobe Laboratories Inc., London, ON, CanadaThe Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue 2, 1 August 2003, Pages 296–305, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05418.x Published: 01 August 2003 Article history Accepted: 09 December 2002 Published: 01 August 2003
Oxygen in the home.
Authors: D C Flenley, P Howard, J M Bishop
Journal: BMJ (1982)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To study the association between hormonal exposures and disease onset in a cohort of women with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). <h3>Methods:</h3> Reproductive history and hormone use were assessed using a standardized reproductive survey administered to women with NMOSD (82% aquaporin-4 antibody positive) at 8 clinical centers. Using multivariable regression, we examined the association between reproductive exposures and age at first symptom onset (FS). <h3>Results:</h3> Among 217 respondents, the mean age at menarche was 12.8 years (SD 1.7). The mean number of pregnancies was 2.1 (SD 1.6), including 0.3 (SD 0.7) occurring after onset of NMOSD symptoms. In the 117 participants who were postmenopausal at the time of the questionnaire, 70% reported natural menopause (mean age: 48.9 years [SD 3.9]); fewer than 30% reported systemic hormone therapy (HT) use. Mean FS age was 40.1 years (SD 14.2). Ever-use of systemic hormonal contraceptives (HC) was marginally associated with earlier FS (39 vs 43 years, <i>p</i> = 0.05). Because HC use may decrease parity, when we included both variables in the model, the association between HC use and FS age became more significant (estimate = 2.7, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Among postmenopausal participants, 24% reported NMOSD onset within 2 years of (before or after) menopause. Among these participants, there was no association between age at menopause or HT use and age at NMOSD onset. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Overall, age at NMOSD onset did not show a strong relationship with endogenous hormonal exposures. An earlier onset age did appear to be marginally associated with systemic HC exposure, an association that requires confirmation in future studies.
The Family in Crisis
Authors: George L. Rainsford
Journal: JAMA (1981)

During a period of 7 1/2 years, one family encountered life-threatening illness, psychiatric disability, juvenile delinquency, and multiple episodes of trauma, infection, and surgery. Cancer developed in three of the seven children, the mother had five suicide attempts, and the only daughter had a pregnancy out of wedlock with complications during labor and delivery. Chronologically, the stressful events show patterns of interaction and recurring dysfunction between members of the family. Options for the physician caring for such a family are limited. Early recognition of the family dynamics can help the physician set realistic goals and anticipate recurring crises. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:60-63)
Lung cancer in never-smokers: a case–control study in a radon-prone area (Galicia, Spain)
Authors: María Torres-Durán, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Isaura Parente-Lamelas, Virginia Leiro-Fernández, José Abal-Arca, Carmen Montero-Martínez, Carolina Pena-Álvarez, Francisco Javier González-Barcala, Olalla Castro-Añón, Antonio Golpe-Gómez, Cristina Martínez, María José Mejuto-Martí, Alberto Fernández-Villar, Juan Miguel Barros-Dios
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of residential radon exposure on the risk of lung cancer in never-smokers and to ascertain if environmental tobacco smoke modifies the effect of residential radon. We designed a multicentre hospital-based case–control study in a radon-prone area (Galicia, Spain). All participants were never-smokers. Cases had an anatomopathologically confirmed primary lung cancer and controls were recruited from individuals undergoing minor, non-oncological surgery. Residential radon was measured using alpha track detectors. We included 521 individuals, 192 cases and 329 controls, 21% were males. We observed an odds ratio of 2.42 (95% CI 1.45–4.06) for individuals exposed to ≥200 Bq·m −3 compared with those exposed to &lt;100 Bq·m −3 . Environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home increased lung cancer risk in individuals with radon exposure &gt;200 Bq·m −3 . Individuals exposed to environmental tobacco smoke and to radon concentrations &gt;200 Bq·m −3 had higher lung cancer risk than those exposed to lower radon concentrations and exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Residential radon increases lung cancer risk in never-smokers. An association between residential radon exposure and environmental tobacco smoke on the risk of lung cancer might exist.
Tourette's syndrome in children
Authors: Uttom Chowdhury, Isobel Heyman
Journal: BMJ (2004)

in transition have important knowledge to share but seek training to present that knowledge. 12 Our theme issue will seek partially to redress these issues.In particular, we are seeking papers that shed light on the impact of transition on population health, the experience of healthcare reform, the implementation of evidence based health care, and the reconfiguration of medical training programmes.We welcome original papers from any countries that are undergoing transition in central, eastern, and southeastern Europe, and also personal views and experiences of practitioners, especially those in primary care and public health.We hope that this issue will encourage those who have much to say but who so far have felt unable to say it, and that it will serve as a forum for the exchange of information among the countries in the region and our readers.
Functional STAT3 deficiency compromises the generation of human T follicular helper cells
Authors: Cindy S. Ma, Danielle T. Avery, Anna Chan, Marcel Batten, Jacinta Bustamante, Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis, Peter D. Arkwright, Alexandra Y. Kreins, Diana Averbuch, Dan Engelhard, Klaus Magdorf, Sara S. Kilic, Yoshiyuki Minegishi, Shigeaki Nonoyama, Martyn A. French, Sharon Choo, Joanne M. Smart, Jane Peake, Melanie Wong, Paul Gray, Matthew C. Cook, David A. Fulcher, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Elissa K. Deenick, Stuart G. Tangye
Journal: Blood (2012)
Zosteriform Metastases from Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Rishika Sinha, Louise Fearfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 30-year-old man with a history of metastatic malignant melanoma presented with painful and itchy papulonodular lesions on the right side of his trunk that had developed over a period of 7 days. A CT scan showed extensive metastatic disease with necrosis.
Macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, interleukin 3 and diffusible marrow stromal factors maintain human hematopoietic stem cells for at least eight weeks in vitro.
Authors: C M Verfaillie, P M Catanzarro, W N Li
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Factors that induce proliferation of the human hematopoietic stem cell are ill-defined. Primitive hematopoietic progenitors can be maintained and differentiate in stroma-dependent, long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMC), originally described by Dexter et al. (Dexter, T. M., L. H. Coutinho, E. Spooncer, C. M. Heyworth, C. P. Daniel, R. Schiro, J. Chang, and T. D. Allen. 1990. Molecular Control of Haemopoiesis). However, 70-80% of primitive progenitors capable of reinitiating secondary stromal cultures (LTBMC-initiating cells [IC]) are lost over a period of 5 wk in such cultures. We have recently described a novel "stroma-noncontact" culture system, in which hematopoietic progenitors are separated from the stromal layer by a 0.4-micron microporous filter membrane. Primitive progenitors in such cultures can not only differentiate into committed progenitors, but are also maintained to a greater extent than in "Dexter" cultures. However, still only 50% of the originally seeded LTBMC-IC are recovered at week 5. Since maintenance of primitive progenitors may depend not only on growth-promoting factors but also on factors that inhibit differentiation and/or proliferation, we evaluated the effect of macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) or "stem cell inhibitor" in combination with the growth-inducing factor interleukin 3 (IL-3) on the recovery of LTBMC-IC from stroma-noncontact cultures. We demonstrate that addition of MIP-1 alpha alone to stroma-noncontact cultures does not change the number of LTBMC-IC present after 8 wk, indicating that this factor may not directly inhibit or stimulate proliferation of primitive progenitors. Addition of the growth stimulatory cytokine, IL-3, alone results in exhaustion of LTBMC-IC after 8 wk of culture, possibly as a result of their terminal differentiation. However, LTBMC-IC can be maintained for at least 8 wk when grown in stroma-noncontact cultures supplemented with both MIP-1 alpha plus IL-3. This effect depends on soluble (ill-defined) stromal factors, and results from a direct interaction of these cytokines with the progenitor population or its progeny, but not the stroma.
Water and Electrolytes in Pediatrics: Physiology, Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: Martin A. Nash
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Body water, its composition, distribution, and turnover, has long fascinated and confounded pediatricians. Although the principles underlying water and electrolyte metabolism apply equally well to adults, the variation in size of pediatric subjects and the age-related differences in distribution and turnover of water make this a crucially important subject for students of pediatrics and developmental physiology. Dr Finberg has been one of the major contributors to this field. This book is a distillation of his and his colleagues' experiences in teaching this subject to others. A thorough understanding of fluid and electrolyte physiology requires facility with concepts of physical chemistry—distribution of charges across semipermeable membranes, activities of charged particles in solution, dissociation constants and buffers—concepts perhaps learned during undergraduate studies but often forgotten with relief once the bedside is reached, and therein lies the difficulty of the subject. The reader of most previous treatises becomes over-whelmed with chemistry and physics
Doctors open talks with Scottish Executive after voting "yes"
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Consultants in Scotland have agreed to enter into discussions about implementing the new contract in a historic move that signals the first break up of UK consultants' terms and conditions of service since the NHS was established in 1948.

The Scottish Committee for Hospital Medical Services decided that the 59% vote in favour of the contract in Scotland was a strong enough mandate toopen …
Insertional mutagenesis combined with acquired somatic mutations causes leukemogenesis following gene therapy of SCID-X1 patients
Authors: Steven J. Howe, Marc R. Mansour, Kerstin Schwarzwaelder, Cynthia Bartholomae, Michael Hubank, Helena Kempski, Martijn H. Brugman, Karin Pike-Overzet, Stephen J. Chatters, Dick de Ridder, Kimberly C. Gilmour, Stuart Adams, Susannah I. Thornhill, Kathryn L. Parsley, Frank J.T. Staal, Rosemary E. Gale, David C. Linch, Jinhua Bayford, Lucie Brown, Michelle Quaye, Christine Kinnon, Philip Ancliff, David K. Webb, Manfred Schmidt, Christof von Kalle, H. Bobby Gaspar, Adrian J. Thrasher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

X-linked SCID (SCID-X1) is amenable to correction by gene therapy using conventional gammaretroviral vectors. Here, we describe the occurrence of clonal T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) promoted by insertional mutagenesis in a completed gene therapy trial of 10 SCID-X1 patients. Integration of the vector in an antisense orientation 35 kb upstream of the protooncogene LIM domain only 2 (LMO2) caused overexpression of LMO2 in the leukemic clone. However, leukemogenesis was likely precipitated by the acquisition of other genetic abnormalities unrelated to vector insertion, including a gain-of-function mutation in NOTCH1, deletion of the tumor suppressor gene locus cyclin-dependent kinase 2A (CDKN2A), and translocation of the TCR-β region to the STIL-TAL1 locus. These findings highlight a general toxicity of endogenous gammaretroviral enhancer elements and also identify a combinatorial process during leukemic evolution that will be important for risk stratification and for future protocol design.
S38 Community-based evaluation of immigrant TB screening using interferon Gamma release assays and tuberculin skin testing: yields and cost-effectiveness
Authors: M. Pareek, M. Bond, J. Shorey, S. Seneviratne, A. Lalvani, O. M. Kon
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Tuberculosis (TB) notifications in the UK continue to rise due to disease in the foreign-born immigrant population. UK guidelines on immigrant screening have recently been revised but accurate calculation of cost-effectiveness is hampered by a lack of empiric data on the comparative performance of tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-γ release-assays (IGRA) in immigrants arriving from countries with varying TB incidence. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective evaluation of TST and two commercially available IGRAs (QuantiFERON Gold in-tube (QFN-GIT) and T-SPOT.TB) in recent immigrants aged =16 years to quantify test positivity, concordance and factors associated with a positive result for all three tests. We computed yields at different incidence thresholds and the relative cost-effectiveness, using a decision-analysis-model stratified by HIV/drug-resistance, of screening using different latent TB infection (LTBI) screening modalities at varying incidence thresholds supplemented with/without port-of-arrival chest radiography. <h3>Results</h3> 231 immigrants included; median age 29 (IQR 24–37). TST accepted by 80.9%, read in 93.6%; 30.3% positive. QFN-GIT and T-SPOT.TB positive in 16.6% and 22.5% respectively. Positive TST, QFN-GIT and T-SPOT.TB independently associated with increasing TB incidence in immigrants9 countries of origin (p=0.008, 0.007 and 0.01 respectively). Implementing current guidance (depending on test) would identify 98%–100% of LTBI but also require 97%–99% of the immigrant cohort to be tested; raising the threshold to 150/100 000 (includes immigrants from Indian Subcontinent) would identify 49%–71% of LTBI but require half the cohort to be screened. The three most cost-effective screening strategies (which were more cost-effective than current guidance) were: no CXR at port-of-entry and screen with single-step QFN-GIT at 250/100 000 (Incremental cost-effective ratio (ICER) £21 565.3/per case averted), no CXR at port-of-entry and screen with single-step QFN-GIT at 150/100 000 (averted additional 7.8 cases of active TB, ICER of £31 867.1/per case averted) and no CXR at port-of-entry and screen with single-step QFN-GIT at 40/100 000 which averted a further 9.4 cases (ICER £34 753.5/per case averted). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Immigrant screening in the UK could cost-effectively and safely eliminate mandatory CXR on arrival by emphasising systematic screening for LTBI with single-step IGRA. An intermediate incidence threshold for screening balances the need to identify as much imported LTBI as possible against limited service capacity.
Comparative activity of erythrocyte adenosine deaminase and orotidine decarboxylase in Diamond‐Blackfan anemia
Authors: Bertil E. Glader, Karen Backer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract It previously has been reported that red blood cells (RBC) of patients with Diamond‐Blackfan syndrome (DBS) have increased activity of orotidine decarboxylase (ODC) and adenosine deaminase (ADA). The studies reported here compared the activity of these two enzymes in DBS erythrocytes, cord blood, and reticulocytes. The activity of ODC, although increased in some DBS erythrocytes, was not significantly different from that seen in cord RBC or reticulocytes. In contrast, RBC‐ADA activity was increased in 23 of 26 DBS patients; and this enzyme elevation was distinct from that seen in cord blood and reticulocytes. Moreover, ADA activity was normal in 26 of 27 patients with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC). Taken together, these data indicate RBC‐ADA activity is more sensitive than ODC as a marker of DBS. In addition, RBC‐ADA activity continues to be useful for distinguishing DBS and TEC in most patients with RBC hypoplasia.