tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor in ossification
Authors: Yan-Qi Yang, Ying-Ying Tan, Ricky Wong, Alex Wenden, Lin-Kun Zhang, A Bakr M Rabie
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are two closely correlated processes during bone growth, development, remodelling and repair. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an essential mediator during the process of angiogenesis. Based on an extensive literature search, which was carried out using the PubMed database and the keywords of osteogenesis, VEGF, endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification, this manuscript reviews the role of VEGF in ossification, with emphasis on its effect in endochondral and intramembranous ossification. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are closely correlated processes. VEGF acts as an essential mediator during these processes. It not only functions in bone angiogenesis but also in various aspects of bone development. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays roles in both blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) and bone formation (osteogenesis). Scientists knew that VEGF is a trigger for vascularization. However, a growing body of work suggests that it also modulates the behavior of cells that form and remodel bone. After reviewing the literature, a team led by Yan-Qi Yang of the University of Hong Kong, China, compiled the evidence supporting this dual role for VEGF. Long bones such as limbs are formed by a mechanism called 'endochondral ossification', and numerous studies suggest that VEGF regulates this process directly and indirectly through its angiogenic effects. Other bones, like those in the face, form from connective tissue via 'intramembranous ossification'. VEGF similarly helps to coordinate migration and differentiation of bone cells during this process.
Anhydroretinol: a naturally occurring inhibitor of lymphocyte physiology.
Authors: J Buck, F Grün, F Derguini, Y Chen, S Kimura, N Noy, U Hämmerling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Vitamin A (retinol) is an essential cofactor for growth of B lymphocytes in culture and for activation of T lymphocytes by antigen receptor-mediated signals. 14-hydroxy-4,14-retro-retinol (14-HRR) a metabolite of retinol, has been implicated as the intracellular mediator of this effect. Anhydroretinol (AR) is a retinol derivative with retro structure produced in activated human B lymphocytes and the insect cell lines SF 21 and Schneider S2. AR reversibly inhibits retinol- and 14-HRR-dependent effects and blocks B lymphocyte proliferation as well as activation of resting T lymphocytes. The intracellular signaling pathway blocked by AR in T cell activation is distinct from the calcineurin/interleukin 2 pathway inhibitable by cyclosporine A or FK-506.
Ischemia-reperfusion impairs endothelium-dependent relaxation of coronary microvessels but does not affect large arteries.
Authors: J E Quillen, F W Sellke, L A Brooks, D G Harrison
Journal: Circulation (1990)

We examined the effects of ischemia with and without reperfusion on endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular relaxation in both conduit and resistance coronary arteries. Studies were performed on dogs under control conditions (n = 13) or after 1 hour of circumflex coronary artery occlusion with (n = 10) or without (n = 8) 1 hour of reperfusion. Rings of obtuse marginal branches of the left circumflex coronary artery (conduit arteries) were studied in organ chambers. Coronary microvessels (110-220-microns diameter) were studied in a pressurized state with an in vitro microvessel imaging apparatus. Relaxation was evaluated after preconstriction with prostaglandin F2 alpha and U46619 (a thromboxane A2 analogue) in conduit and resistance vessels, respectively. Conduit vessel function was not altered by ischemia with or without reperfusion. Endothelium-dependent microvascular relaxation was depressed in response to acetylcholine, ADP, and calcium ionophore A23187 after ischemia with reperfusion compared with control relaxation (ED50 as -log[M]: 6.0 +/- 0.2 [p less than 0.05], 5.1 +/- 0.4 [p less than 0.05], and 5.8 +/- 0.1 versus 6.8 +/- 0.2, 6.8 +/- 0.2, and 6.6 +/- 0.2, respectively). Ischemia without reperfusion modestly altered microvascular endothelium-dependent relaxation. Microvascular relaxation to nitroglycerin was not altered by ischemia with reperfusion. We conclude that 1) endothelium-dependent relaxation in large epicardial coronary arteries is relatively refractory to ischemia with or without reperfusion, 2) ischemia alone produces mild alterations of coronary microvascular reactivity, 3) ischemia followed by reperfusion produces a marked and selective impairment of endothelium-dependent responses in the coronary microcirculation.
Analysis and Comparison of Operator-Specific Outcomes in Interventional Cardiology
Authors: Stephen G. Ellis, Nowamagbe Omoigui, John A. Bittl, Michael Lincoff, Mark W. Wolfe, Georgiana Howell, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Medical consumers are increasingly requesting methods to discriminate among the results of different providers. Standards for appropriate modeling, risk adjustment, and evaluation ("scorecarding") in this setting are not well developed, although such evaluation is being performed by the medical insurance industry and by several states in the United States. Our objectives were to develop and examine clinically meaningful methodology for assessing the operator-specific results for percutaneous coronary revascularization.From a multicenter database of patients treated since January 1, 1990, we used training and validation samples (n = 4860) to develop several models for risk adjustment and applied them to 38 providers performing 25 to 523 procedures in the database. Models were developed using multivariable logistic regression techniques for combinations of the end points of death, myocardial infarction, bypass surgery, and procedural success. Models were evaluated for predictive accuracy by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, for the capacity to discriminate between superior and inferior provider outcomes, and for subjectivity and concordance. Major complications occurred in 3.6% of patients. The area under the ROC curve (with perfect discriminatory accuracy, area = 1.0; with no apparent accuracy, area = 0.5) in the validation sample, and frequency of identification of operators with outcomes outside the 95% CI for the outcome in question for the models were for death, 0.85 and 7.9%; for death, Q-wave infarction, and bypass surgery, 0.77 and 13.2%; for death, all infarction, and bypass surgery, 0.66 and 10.5%; and for procedural success, 0.76 and 23.7%. For the models as a group, identification of outliers was inversely related to provider volume (P = .05). Models evaluating non-Q-wave infarction or requiring measurement of percent diameter stenosis were identified as being most susceptible to provider manipulation.For percutaneous coronary revascularization, modeling to discriminate between provider outcomes is limited by the low incidence of major adverse events, subjectivity or susceptibility to manipulation of more frequently occurring adverse events, the generally modest predictive capacity of the models, and the low volume of individual provider treatments. Modeling will be most useful in the identification of providers with extremely poor outcomes and for discrimination between providers with very large procedural volume. Until improved understanding of the biological and mechanical correlates of major complications allows the development of more predictive models, interpretation of the results of scorecarding, particularly for low-volume providers, should be made with caution.
Diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of combined dipyridamole-exercise thallium imaging in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Michel Dahan, Béatrice M. Viron, Marc Faraggi, Dominique L. Himbert, Bruno J.J. Legallicier, Amir M. Kolta, Fabienne Pessione, Dominique Le Guludec, R. Gourgon, Françoise E. Mignon
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
The Hop/Sti1-Hsp90 Chaperone Complex Facilitates the Maturation and Transport of a PAMP Receptor in Rice Innate Immunity
Authors: Letian Chen, Satoshi Hamada, Masayuki Fujiwara, Tingheng Zhu, Nguyen Phuong Thao, Hann Ling Wong, Priti Krishna, Takashi Ueda, Hanae Kaku, Naoto Shibuya, Tsutomu Kawasaki, Ko Shimamoto
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2010)
Resuscitation: How Do We Decide?-Reply
Authors: Mary E. Charlson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The letters by Drs Smith and Glass argue that patients have a right to participate in decisions about their resuscitation status. We agree. They also argue that such discussions are not anxiety provoking. We doubt it. Nevertheless, the real issue is when such discussions should be initiated. Should they take place at the time of admission to hospital? At the first office visit? In the emergency room? We believe that there is no universally correct answer to this question. Given that we cannot identify 100% of the patients who will subsequently suffer arrest, the demand that such discussions take place with each patient would mean that the issue of resuscitation should be raised with every patient on admission. We believe that this is unrealistic and possibly unwise policy. In clinical practice these discussions are initiated based on the specific circumstances of individual patients (ie, with patients who have
Operative cholangiography. Its effect on the practice of cholecystectomy.
Authors: M. H. Wheeler, S. Raksasook, J. A. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Cholecystectomy is second only to appendicectomy as the most commonly performed abdominal operation.'Conse- quently it is not surprising that there have been many studies of large series of patients undergoing this procedure" Sur- gery of the common bile duct has received almost as much attention in published work, with the indications for duct exploration being at the centre of the discussion.45Most authors agree that the clinical indications for choledochotomy are a history of jaundice, colic, rigors, or pancreatitis, and the operative findings palpable choledochal stones, a dilated or thickened common duct, or multiple small stones in the gall bladd-r.It is generally accented, however, that when the decision whether or not to perform choledochotomy is based on clinical grounds alone there is a 10''!, incidence of residual stones and a 50%/, incidence of fruitless choledochotomy.6I Choledochotomy when added to cholecystectomv trioles the mortality rate, whether or not stones are found.4I Obviously, therefore, fruitless choledochotomy should be avoided when- ever possible.Since the introduction of operative cholangiography in 1931 by Miriz7i it has become anoarent that this technique might help to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with cholecystectomy and choledochotomy both by preventing the presence of choledochal stones being overlooked and by reducing the necessity to open the duct when there were no stones.9Some authorities believe, however, that operative cholangiography should never become a substitute for clinical appraisal, and a negative cholangiogram should not deter one from opening the duct if there is a sound clinical reason.10Two series of patients undergoing cholecystectomy in the United Birmingham Hospitals are compared in this report.The first group were operated on between 1955 and 1959, at a time when operative cholangiography was used infrequently, and the second between 1960 and 1970 when this technique was being performed in most cases.The results are analysed in an attempt to evaluate the effects of ooerative cholan- giography on the incidence of fruitless choledochotomy-that is, choledochotomy with no stones and no duct abnormality- and the proportion of cases in which stones are found.The complications of fruitless choledochotomy, the incidence of reoperation, and the causes of death in the series are also assessed. PatientsThe first group of 1,008 patients (group 1) was operated on between 1955 and 1959 by 18 different surgical firms, the number of operations per surgeon per year varying from 1 to
IFN-α production by human mononuclear cells infected with varicella-zoster virus through TLR9-dependent and -independent pathways
Authors: Hong-Ren Yu, Hsin-Chun Huang, Ho-Chang Kuo, Jiunn-Ming Sheen, Chia-Yo Ou, Te-Yao Hsu, Kuender D Yang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2011)
BRIEF CLINICAL MEMORANDA.Read in the Section of Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: HENRY D. DIDAMA
Journal: JAMA (1893)

this was a confirmation of what I had told her and she must come out to Colorado and we would try and cure her.She came out last year and I commenced treatment with tuberculin, she continued to have reactions up to twentyfive milligram doses, since when she has had none.She came there on crutches with her wheel chair.I worked up to 110 milligrams, eased off and worked back, giving one dose a week of seventy milligrams.After the dose of 110 milligrams she walked five blocks in Denver, and she goes home without crutches.The cause of her trouble I believe was tubercular joint disease, both knees were swollen.
Abstract 2996: Systematic functional identification of driver mutations for individual ovarian cancers.
Authors: Seiichi Mori, Takeshi Fujiwara, Takako Yokomizo, Haruko Iwase, Kazuyoshi Kato, Yukie Nakashima, Tokuichi Kawaguchi, Tetsuo Noda
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Although epithelial ovarian cancer is an intractable cancer and the overall five-year survival rate is approximately 40 to 50%, clinically effective molecular-targeted therapeutics to treat ovarian cancer has not been available thus far. Recent progress of massively parallel sequencing technologies has been enabling us to identify substantial number of genomic aberrations including somatic mutations, indels and translocations in variable cancer types exemplified by epithelial ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, it is still very difficult to identify a ‘driver’ gene, which is functionally relevant for cancer growth, from hundreds of mutations that are usually found from a single cancer sample of an individual patient. An in vitro cultured cell line, which is originated from a clinical sample, can be utilized to assess functions of the genes that are identified to have somatic aberrations in the paired clinical tumor. We have been establishing multiple ovarian cancer cell lines derived from clinical samples and analyzing pairs of the cell lines and clinical samples with exon-capture sequencing. The genes, which are somatically mutated and shared in a pair of cell line and clinical sample, are targeted with RNA interference in the cell line, and subsequently the effect on cell proliferation and survival is examined. As such, a driver mutation for an individual cancer can be identified by a set of experimental perturbations. Identified driver mutations would be then validated with publicly available databases and with clinical archive samples. We believe this approach can increase an opportunity to identify molecular targets in ovarian cancer therapeutics. Citation Format: Seiichi Mori, Takeshi Fujiwara, Takako Yokomizo, Haruko Iwase, Kazuyoshi Kato, Yukie Nakashima, Tokuichi Kawaguchi, Tetsuo Noda. Systematic functional identification of driver mutations for individual ovarian cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2996. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2996
Formation of brominated dibenzofurans from pyrolysis of the polybrominated biphenyl fire retardant, firemaster FF-1.
Authors: P W O'Keefe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) fire retardant, FireMaster FF-1, was pyrolyzed for 20 min at 380-400 degrees C in open glass tubes and in tubes sealed after nitrogen flushing. The pyrolyzed residue was extracted with benzene, and extracts were cleaned up on columns of graphite (Carbopack A) and alumina. Analysis was carried out by low resolution direct probe mass spectrometry (MS). Spectra from extracts of the open tube pyrolyzed material had a series of ions characteristic of tetra- and pentabrominated dibenzofurans as evidenced by comparison with spectra from 2,3,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran (TBDF). Confirmatory evidence for the brominated dibenzofurans was obtained by high resolution MS dual ion analysis of certain fragment and molecular ions. Recovery values of TBDF through the cleanup procedure averaged 50% and, using this recovery value and TBDF as an external standard, dual ion analyses indicated that 40 ppm tetra- and 4 ppm pentabrominanted dibenzofuran were produced based on the PBB level used in the pyrolysis experiments. Additional analysis of the open tube pyrolyzed material by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry provided evidence that there was one tetrabromodibenzofuran compound with a retention time equal to that of TBDF. Trace levels (less than 1 ppm) of the molecular ion of tetrabrominated dibenzofuran were found after analysis by low resolution MS of the PBB pyrolyzed under nitrogen in sealed tubes. The experimental evidence is consistent with a mechanism for brominated dibenzofuran formation involving attack of oxygen on PBB compounds.
Stretch Reflexes from the Main Pulmonary Artery to the Systemic Circulation
Authors: RICHARD J. LEWIN, CECIL E. CROSS, P. ANDRE RIEBEN, PETER F. SALISBURY
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

In open-chest dogs, the greater and lesser circulations were perfused by a system of pumps and oxygenator. All blood was drained from the right heart and from the left atrium. in most experiments, there was no dissection around the pulmonary hila, the aorta, or the pulmonary artery. A 30-ml. balloon (Foley catheter) was inserted into the pulmonary artery through a stab wound in the wall of the right ventricle. Pressures were recorded in the pulmonary-artery balloon and in a femoral artery. In other experiments, the main pulmonary artery was distended with blood at known pressures after hydraulic isolation with ligatures and snares. When the main pulmonary artery was distended proximal to its bifurcation, constriction of the systemic arteries occurred. This phenomenon was abolished by local anesthesia of the wall of the main pulmonary artery, by interrupting conduction in the vagi, by a sympatholytic drug, and by reflex systemic hypotension elicited by multiple small pulmonary emboli. The pressor reflex from the pulmonary artery to the systemic circulation was not influenced by changes of pulmonary blood flow or by inflation of other balloons in various chambers of the heart. Limitations inherent in the experimental procedure did not permit us to assign physiological significance to the phenomenon.
Uneven distribution of postjunctional alpha 1-and alpha 2-like adrenoceptors in canine arterial and venous smooth muscle.
Authors: J De Mey, P M Vanhoutte
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied isolated canine arteries and veins to compare the pharmacological properties of their postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors. Rings of femoral and splenic arteries and of femoral and saphenous veins were mounted for isometric tension recording in organ chambers filled with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution. The four blood vessels contracted when exposed to methoxamine, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, and tramazoline; clonidine failed to induce contraction only in the splenic artery. The relative sensitivity to methoxamine was comparable in the arteries and veins, but that for phenylephrine was larger in the former. The veins, but not the arteries, were more sensitive to clonidine and tramazoline than to phenylephrine or methoxamine. Phentolamine was a competitive antagonist against norepinephrine in the arteries and the veins. Prazosin was a competitive antagonist arteries. The competitive antagonistic properties of yohimbine were more pronounced in the veins than in the arteries. Verapamil depressed to the same extent the contractile responses of saphenous veins to clonidine and norepinephrine, but reduced the contractions caused by methoxamine more than those due to norepinephrine. These results indicate the presence of both alpha 1- and alpha 2-like adrenoceptors on venous smooth muscle cells, whereas arterial smooth muscle cells contain mainly postjunctional alpha 1-adrenoceptors.
Popularity of less frequent follow up for breast cancer in randomised study: initial findings from the hotline study
Authors: T. Gulliford, M. Opomu, E. Wilson, I. Hanham, R. Epstein
Journal: BMJ (1997)

To compare the experiences of patients with breast cancer who were conventionally monitored with those in whom routine follow up was restricted to the time of mammography.Randomisation to conventional schedule of clinic visits or to visits only after mammography. Both cohorts received identical mammography and were invited to telephone for immediate appointments if they detected symptoms.Combined breast clinic, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital.211 eligible outpatients with a history of breast cancer.Acceptability of randomisation, interim use of telephone and general practitioner, satisfaction with allocation to follow up.Of 211 eligible patients, 196 (93%) opted for randomisation in the study. Of these, 55 were under 50 years, 78 were diagnosed fewer than five years before, 90 had stage T2-4 tumours, and 71 had involved axillary nodes. Patients who did not participate were more likely to be under 50 years, to be two to five years after diagnosis, and to have had aggressive primary disease. Twice as many patients in both groups expressed a preference for reducing rather than increasing follow up. No increased use of local practitioner services or telephone triage was apparent in the cohort randomised to less frequent follow up by specialists.Reducing the frequency of routine follow up has so far proved popular among patients with breast cancer at standard risk in this cohort. A multicentre study is needed to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of routine follow up with respect to disease outcomes.
The development of an in vitro assay to screen lipid based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery
Authors: Ye Zhang, Leticia Arrington, David Boardman, Jared Davis, Yan Xu, Katie DiFelice, Steve Stirdivant, Weimin Wang, Brian Budzik, Jack Bawiec, James Deng, Greg Beutner, Darla Seifried, Matthew Stanton, Marian Gindy, Anthony Leone
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Mutation in TACO1, encoding a translational activator of COX I, results in cytochrome c oxidase deficiency and late-onset Leigh syndrome
Authors: Woranontee Weraarpachai, Hana Antonicka, Florin Sasarman, Jürgen Seeger, Bertold Schrank, Jill E Kolesar, Hanns Lochmüller, Mario Chevrette, Brett A Kaufman, Rita Horvath, Eric A Shoubridge
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Chromosomal mapping of hyperserum IgA and glomerular IgA deposition in a high IgA (HIGA) strain of DdY mice
Authors: Fumiaki Nogaki, Emi Oida, Tadashi Kamata, Ikei Kobayashi, Keiko Nomura, Katsuo Suyama, Sachiko Tahara, Takahiko Ono, Shigeki Miyawaki, Tadao Serikawa, Haruyoshi Yoshida, Toru Kita, E.R.I. Muso
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Incremental prognostic value of left ventricular function by gated SPECT over perfusion imaging in patients undergoing dobutamine stress myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Sachin M. Navare, Michael S. Fowler, Lynne L. Johnson, Deborah Katten, Jeff F. Mather, Letitia L. Anderson, Gary V. Heller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)