tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5435: Molecular subclasses of human hepatocellular carcinoma predict sensitivity to fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibition
Authors: Benjamin Schmidt, Lan Wei, Danielle K. DePeralta, Yujin Hoshida, Michael Lanuti, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Bryan C. Fuchs
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: A recent gene expression classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) includes two poor survival subclasses, termed S1 and S2. S1 cells are more locally invasive, while S2 cells express E-cadherin and secrete AFP. As the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) differs between the S1 and S2 gene signatures, this study investigated whether molecular subclasses of HCC could predict sensitivity to FGFR inhibition. Methods: The effects of AZD4547 and BGJ398, two small molecule inhibitors of FGFR1-4, were assessed in four S1 and five S2 human HCC cell lines. Western blotting was performed for FGFR1-4 and phosphorylated p42/44 as a marker of MAPK signaling. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to assess the effects of individual FGFR knockdown. Results: Cell proliferation was inhibited at least two-fold more in S2 than in S1 cell lines at all doses tested above 1 uM of BGJ398 and AZD4547 (p&amp;lt;0.002). BGJ398 also decreased MAPK signaling in S2 but not in S1 cell lines. In xenografts from the S2 cell line HuH-7, BGJ398 reduced tumor volume by 70% over 14 days and this effect was associated with decreased MAPK signaling and a 36% decline in the number of Ki67 positive cells. BGJ398 had no effect on xenografts from the S1 cell line SK-Hep. All cell lines expressed FGFR1 and FGFR2, but only S2 cell lines expressed FGFR3 and FGFR4. FGFR4 siRNA decreased proliferation by 59 ± 12% in all five S2 cell lines (p&amp;lt;0.00001), a significantly greater decrease than seen with knockdown of FGFR1, FGFR2 or FGFR3. FGFR4 knockdown also decreased MAPK signaling in S2 cell lines. Conclusions: The S2 molecular subclass of HCC is sensitive to FGFR inhibition. FGFR4-MAPK signaling plays an important role in driving proliferation of S2 cells. This classification system may help identify those patients who are most likely to benefit from inhibition of the FGFR pathway. Citation Format: Benjamin Schmidt, Lan Wei, Danielle K. DePeralta, Yujin Hoshida, Michael Lanuti, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Bryan C. Fuchs. Molecular subclasses of human hepatocellular carcinoma predict sensitivity to fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5435. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5435
Microvascular Blood Flow Is Altered in Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Daniel De Backer, Jacques Creteur, Jean-Charles Preiser, Marc-Jacques Dubois, Jean-Louis Vincent
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Microvascular blood flow alterations are frequent in animal models of sepsis and may impair tissue oxygenation. We hypothesized that alterations of the microcirculation are present in patients with sepsis. We used an orthogonal polarization spectral imaging technique to investigate the sublingual microcirculation in 10 healthy volunteers, 16 patients before cardiac surgery, 10 acutely ill patients without sepsis (intensive care unit control subjects), and 50 patients with severe sepsis. The effects of topical application of acetylcholine (10(-2) M) were tested in 11 patients with sepsis. In each subject, five to seven sublingual areas were recorded and analyzed semiquantitatively. Data were analyzed with nonparametric tests and are presented as medians (25th-75th percentiles). No significant difference in microvascular blood flow was observed between healthy volunteers and patients before cardiac surgery or intensive care unit control subjects. The density of all vessels was significantly reduced in patients with severe sepsis (4.5 [4.2-5.2] versus 5.4 [5.4-6.3]/mm in volunteers, p < 0.01). The proportion of perfused small (< 20 microm) vessels was reduced in patients with sepsis (48 [33-61] versus 90 [89-92]% in volunteers, p < 0.001). These alterations were more severe in nonsurvivors. The topical application of acetylcholine totally reversed these alterations. In conclusion, microvascular blood flow alterations are frequent in patients with sepsis and are more severe in patients with a worse outcome.
Current Medical Terminology
Authors: Burgess Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To  Editor:  —Excerpts from correspondence referring to Current Medical Terminology (CMT) .  Development of CMT has been a distinct advance in the coding and classification of disease in hospital practice.  purpose for which this handbook was designed, that is, as an alphabetized listing of preferred terms, together with cross references, makes the publication suitable as a terminology reference book, or as a companion to the Standard Nomenclature of Disease. Most helpful is the fact that a revision of this text is possible in a short period of time, permitting those who will use the book and find various aspects on which improvement may be made to contribute to these improvements.—William A. Sodeman, MD, Dean, Jefferson Medical College.  The greatest value of CMT : the convenience of handling one book containing the preferred terms and definitions; concise statement of diagnoses practical for data processing; codes for both standard and international nomenclature
Effect of heat shock protein 47 on collagen accumulation in keloid fibroblast cells
Authors: J-J. Chen, S. Zhao, Y. Cen, X.-X. Liu, R. Yu, D.-M. Wu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Keloid is characterized by excessive collagen accumulation, but the mechanism of keloid formation remains unknown, and none of the treatment modalities are consistently effective. Heat shock protein (HSP) 47, known as a collagen-specific molecular chaperone, plays a critical role in collagen biosynthesis. Our previous research has demonstrated that HSP47 is highly expressed in keloid compared with normal skin tissues, which indicates that there might be a close relationship between overexpression of HSP47 and excessive collagen accumulation in keloid formation.To further investigate whether overexpression of HSP47 might promote excessive collagen deposition in keloid formation, we examined the alteration of intracellular and extracellular collagen expression, following inhibition of HSP47 expression in keloid fibroblast cells by the RNA interference technique.Three constructed psiRNA-hH1neo plasmids, carrying three pairs of related HSP47-shRNA (small hairpin RNA), respectively, were transfected into keloid fibroblast cells and compared with three control groups. After transfection, the mRNA and protein expression of HSP47 and collagen type I were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot; the content of extracellular secreting collagen was assessed by hydroxyproline assay; and the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method was adopted to examine the proliferation of keloid fibroblast cells.Both the mRNA and protein levels of HSP47 in keloid fibroblast cells decreased dramatically 48 h after post-transfection of three related HSP47-shRNA plasmids, compared with control groups. Following the downregulation of HSP47, we found that the expression of intracellular and extracellular collagen was correspondingly reduced. On the other hand, the MTT assay showed that transfection of HSP47-shRNA plasmids did not influence the growth of keloid fibroblast cells.Combined with our previous histological results, we propose that overexpression of HSP47 in keloid fibroblast cells could induce excessive collagen accumulation by enhancing synthesis and secretion of collagen, which not only presents a possible mechanism of keloid formation, but also offers a therapeutic potential of RNA interference to HSP47 for the treatment of keloid and other fibroproliferative disorders.
ACUTE MORPHIN POISONING IN AN INFANT —RECOVERY.
Authors: CHARLES D. SLAGLE
Journal: JAMA (1902)

At 3 a. m., July 6, 1899, I delivered Mrs. W. of a well-formed and developed female child, weighing 8 pounds, after a normal labor in every respect. Recovery was slow and tedious, due to her highly neurotic temperament. On the tenth day after labor, the patient suffered considerably from facial neuralgia, due to some carious teeth. This neuralgic trouble resisted ordinary treatment, so one-eighth grain of sulphate of morphin powders was given, with the instructions to the nurse, that a powder should be given every four hours until relief was experienced. This was done. About this time, the tenth day after the accouchement, the child developed considerable intestinal colic as the result of flatulency, and a diarrhea set in. My attention was called to this and I gave ⅛-grain Dover powder, ½-grain bismuth subnitrate and ½-grain soda bicarbonate, to be repeated every three hours till child was easier and
Correlation Between Bone Imaging and the Clinical Picture in Two Unsuspected Cases of Progressive Diaphyseal Dysplasia (Engelmann??s Disease)
Authors: ANGELO D??ADDABBO, LUCA MACARINI, GIUSEPPE RUBINI, DOMENICO RUBINI, FRANCA SALZILLO, FILIPPO LAURIERO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Progressive diaphyseal dysplasia was incidentally discovered in two patients referred for Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy (one for intense sciatica, the other for the detection of breast cancer metastases). Tracer accumulation in the diaphyses of the lower limbs and the base of the skull was accompanied by bone thickening and patency of the medullary cavity, as demonstrated by radiography, MRI, and bone marrow scanning. Comparison of the clinical pictures with the results of instrumental examinations showed that these were cases of sporadic progressive diaphyseal dysplasia of slight and average gravity, respectively. The differentiation of Ribbing's disease is explained and reference also is made to a finding not mentioned in the literature, namely frontal bone resorption lacunules in one patient.
The developmental cognitive neuroscience approach to the study of developmental disorders
Authors: Elise Temple
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of developmental disorders and normal cognition that include children are becoming increasingly common and represent part of a newly expanding field of developmental cognitive neuroscience. These studies have illustrated the importance of the process of development in understanding brain mechanisms underlying cognition and including children in the study of the etiology of developmental disorders.
Equivalence of Thyroid Preparations
Authors: Karl B. Hansen
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  In the report on nonequality of brand name T 4 products by Jacobson et al, the rather dramatic differences in bioavailability as measured by the mean T 4 concentration and free T 4 index between Levothroid and Synthroid have not been shown in various studies we have done using both patients and healthy volunteers.  In 1965 to 1966, we did a series of comparison studies using Levothroid and Synthroid. Seventy-five hypothyroid patients were treated with either preparation and maintained at a clinically euthyroid state for at least one month. At that time, determinations of protein-bound iodine (PBI) and serum triiodothyronine (T 3 ) uptake were done. Each patient then had therapy with the alternative brand at the same dosage given for at least one month, at which time the two laboratory determinations were again due. The results showed a mean PBI value in patients treated with Levothroid to
Topoisomerase I-Mediated Inhibition of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
Authors: Annamaria Rapisarda, Badarch Uranchimeg, Olivier Sordet, Yves Pommier, Robert H. Shoemaker, Giovanni Melillo
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

We have shown previously that the camptothecin analogue topotecan (TPT), a topoisomerase I (Top 1) poison, inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) transcriptional activity and HIF-1alpha protein accumulation in hypoxia-treated U251 human glioma cells. In this article, we demonstrate that TPT does not affect HIF-1alpha protein accumulation but inhibits its translation. In addition, we demonstrate that Top 1 is required for the inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein accumulation by TPT as shown by experiments performed using camptothecin-resistant cell lines with known Top 1 alterations. Experiments performed with aphidicolin indicated that TPT inhibited HIF-1alpha protein accumulation in the absence of DNA replication. DNA-damaging agents, such as ionizing radiation and doxorubicin, did not affect HIF-1alpha protein accumulation. Ongoing transcription was essential for the inhibition of HIF-1alpha protein accumulation by TPT. Our results demonstrate the existence of a novel pathway connecting Top 1-dependent signaling events and the regulation of HIF-1alpha protein expression and function. In addition, our findings dissociate the cytotoxic activity of TPT from the inhibition of the HIF-1 pathway and raise the possibility of novel clinical applications of TPT aimed at targeting HIF-1-dependent responses.
THE EFFECT OF METHOTREXATE, CORTICOSTEROIDS AND AZATHIOPRINE ON FINGERNAIL GROWTH IN PSORIASIS
Authors: RODNEY P. R. DAWBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF METHOTREXATE, CORTICOSTEROIDS AND AZATHIOPRINE ON FINGERNAIL GROWTH IN PSORIASIS Get access RODNEY P. R. DAWBER RODNEY P. R. DAWBER University Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 6, 1 December 1970, Pages 680–683, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15764.x Published: 01 December 1970 Article history Accepted: 23 July 1970 Published: 01 December 1970
Historical perspective on lead biokinetic models.
Authors: M Rabinowitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

A historical review of the development of biokinetic model of lead is presented. Biokinetics is interpreted narrowly to mean only physiologic processes happening within the body. Proceeding chronologically, for each epoch, the measurements of lead in the body are presented along with mathematical models in an attempt to trace the convergence of observations from two disparate fields--occupational medicine and radiologic health--into some unified models. Kehoe's early balance studies and the use of radioactive lead tracers are presented. The 1960s saw the joint application of radioactive lead techniques and simple compartmental kinetic models used to establish the exchange rates and residence times of lead in body pools. The applications of stable isotopes to questions of the magnitudes of respired and ingested inputs required the development of a simple three-pool model. During the 1980s more elaborate models were developed. One of their key goals was the establishment of the dose-response relationship between exposure to lead and biologic precursors of adverse health effects.
Risk and equality
Authors: J. Sheather
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The provision of health services to members, and former members, of the armed forces raises several challenging and controversial ethical problems. Underlying these are decisions about the way in which a society seeks to distribute risk, which go to its political heart and inevitably involve basic questions of justice. What would a fair distribution of risk look like? Such questions arise in all areas where the state takes an allocative role, and they are properly political questions. 

Take warfare. Most people accept that one of the primary roles of the state is the defence of its borders and that this requires effective armed forces. As we have seen during the recent conflict in Afghanistan, the risks are far from theoretical and combatants can pay with their lives. Although opinions about the justice of individual conflicts will differ, our current system involves a small number of people assuming the risks of defending the physical security of the nation, the benefits of which are distributed among us all. …
Bazin’s Disease
Authors: Mark S. Bernhardt
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Assessing Quality Using Administrative Data
Authors: Lisa I. Iezzoni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Administrative data result from administering health care delivery, enrolling members into health insurance plans, and reimbursing for services. The primary producers of administrative data are the federal government, state governments, and private health care insurers. Although the clinical content of administrative data includes only the demographic characteristics and diagnoses of patients and codes for procedures, these data are often used to evaluate the quality of health care. Administrative data are readily available, are inexpensive to acquire, are computer readable, and typically encompass large populations. They have identified startling practice variations across small geographic areas and supported research about outcomes of care. Many hospital report cards (which compare patient mortality rates) and physician profiles (which compare resource consumption) are derived from administrative data. However, gaps in clinical information and the billing context compromise the ability to derive valid quality appraisals from administrative data. With some exceptions, administrative data allow limited insight into the quality of processes of care, errors of omission or commission, and the appropriateness of care. In addition, questions about the accuracy and completeness of administrative data abound. Current administrative data are probably most useful as screening tools that highlight areas in which quality should be investigated in greater depth. The growing availability of electronic clinical information will change the nature of administrative data in the future, enhancing opportunities for quality measurement.
Reduced production of cGMP underlies the loss of endothelium-dependent relaxations in the canine basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Authors: P Kim, V B Schini, T M Sundt, P M Vanhoutte
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Endothelium-dependent relaxations are inhibited during chronic vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage in the canine basilar artery, although the luminal release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is maintained. The present study investigated the mechanisms underlying the impaired vascular reactivity and in particular whether the loss of responsiveness of the smooth muscle to EDRF is due to an impaired production of cGMP. Bradykinin and nitric oxide evoked concentration-dependent relaxations in isolated canine basilar arteries with and without endothelium, respectively, which were reduced in the subarachnoid hemorrhage group. Relaxations evoked by M&amp;B22,948 (an inhibitor of cGMP phosphodiesterases) were smaller, but those evoked by the lipophilic cGMP analogue 8-bromo-cGMP were potentiated slightly in the subarachnoid hemorrhage group. The resting levels of cGMP in rings with endothelium (reflecting the effect of spontaneous release of EDRF) and those evoked by bradykinin in rings with endothelium and by nitric oxide in rings without endothelium were diminished in the subarachnoid hemorrhage group. These data indicate that the altered endothelium-mediated relaxations of the smooth muscle after subarachnoid hemorrhage is due, at least in part, to an impaired activation of soluble guanylate cyclase leading to a reduced production of cGMP in the smooth muscle.
905-60 Preoperative Assessment of Contractile Reserve at Exercise Echocardiography Predicts Left Ventricular Function After Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Dominic Leung, Thomas Marwick, Brian Griffin, Kam Lee, Annitta Morehead, Delos Cosgrove, William J. Stewart, James D. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Eradicating Legionella From Hospital Water-Reply
Authors: Anthony E. Fiore, Jacobus L. Kool, Joe Carpenter, Jay C. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Drs Stout and Yu have raised several important points about measures to eradicate legionellae from hospital water distribution systems.  The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee recommends flushing each distal outlet on the water distribution system for at least 5 minutes with water 65°C or chlorinated to a level of 10 mg/L. 1 It is likely that a longer duration of flushing will be more effective in reducing the concentration of organisms recovered from water samples.  However, difficulties in maintaining water pressure and temperature limit the feasibility of performing concurrent hot water flushes in more than a limited number of sites for longer than 5 to 10 minutes in some hospitals. Data from an experimental model suggest that heating water colonized with Legionella pneumophila to 66°C should lead to sterilization in less than 2 minutes. 2   Although legionellae are relatively chlorine-resistant, maintenance of free residual chlorine levels at 1 to
Can Treatment of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Reduce the Risk of Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Tim Bongartz, Yogish Kudva
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal