tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT FOR NARCOLEPSY
Authors: JOHN B. DOYLE
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Encouraging results in the treatment of narcolepsy have prompted us to make a survey of the therapeutic measures that have been described, and to report our experience in the treatment of the condition. The accumulating literature would indicate that the condition is not uncommon. Some cases are not recognized because the patients do not regard the syndrome as indicative of disease. If the symptoms are pronounced, however, the condition may lead to profound embarrassment, may seriously interfere with the earning of a livelihood and may even result in serious accidents. This condition was described by Westphal in 1877 and was recognized as a clinical entity by Gélineau in 1880, who coined the term narcolepsy.<sup>1</sup>It is characterized, first, by a recurring desire to sleep without apparent cause, which may be irresistible or resisted only with considerable effort, and, secondly, by a peculiar and sudden loss of muscular tonus and
Association of Trimethadione Therapy and Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Hart deC. Peterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

MYASTHENIA gravis is an uncommon disorder of unknown cause. Current evidence suggests that it may be related to abnormal immune mechanisms because of its frequent association with more clearly defined immunologic disorders.1 A patient in whom myasthenia gravis and trimethadione toxicity simultaneously developed during treatment for petit-mal epilepsy was recently studied. The known tendency for this drug to produce immunologic complications2 , 3 suggested that myasthenia gravis might also have resulted from the therapy and provides further evidence that myasthenia gravis may be associated with an abnormal immune state.Case ReportA 10-year-old girl (N.Y.H. 96–85–91) was first seen because of brief . . .
DIPLOSAL—ITS TOXICITY
Authors: JOHN MacLACHLAN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

whole.From the records of non-tuberculous patients who consulted me for various diseases having no relation to tuberculosis such as functional and organic disease of the heart, asthma, simple bronchitis, pleurodynia, emphysema, pharyngitis, rhinitis and laryngitis, he took at random 100 other records for control thus making a
BILE PIGMENTS OF JAUNDICE*
Authors: Harry N. Hoffman, Fred F. Whitcomb, Hugh R. Butt, Jesse L. Bollman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1960)

Current concepts concerning the formation and metabolism of bile pigments hold that bilirubin is formed from the catabolism of hemoglobin by the reticuloendothelial system, mainly in bone mar- row and spleen, and that the bilirubin is then transported to the liver where it is modified and ex- creted.via the biliary system.These concepts are based largely on the studies by Mann, Magath and Bollman (1, 2) of the effect of total hepatectomy on mammals which show that after complete extirpation of the liver, indirect-reacting bile pig- ment was formed and accumulated in the serum progressively during the survival period of the animal.Bollman and Mann (3) noted that as the amount of bilirubin in the blood increased after hepatectomy, the van den Bergh reaction changed from an indirect to a direct reaction and bilirubin began to appear in the urine.Since the original work of van den Bergh, Snapper and Muller (4, 5) on the application of the Ehrlich diazo reaction to the quantitative meas- urement of the serum bilirubin and their observa- tion of the differing character of the reaction in various types of jaundice, many investigators have sought to determine the fundamental basis for these differences.Despite a voluminous litera- ture on the subject which has accumulated for more than 40 years, disagreement and lack of exact knowledge are still evident.In this paper we can cite only recent surveys encompassing the many concepts which have been proposed (6-9).Recently the studies of Cole and Lathe (10) have provided a new and important approach to
Clinical and Biological Heterogeneity in Children with Moderate Asthma
Authors: Stefania La Grutta, Rosalia Gagliardo, Franco Mirabella, Giovanni Battista Pajno, Giovanni Bonsignore, Jean Bousquet, Vincenzo Bellia, Antonio Maurizio Vignola
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

To evaluate the relationship between inflammatory markers and severity of asthma in children, the amount of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) released by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO) levels, p65 nuclear factor-kappaB subunit, and phosphorylated IkBalpha expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed in six control subjects, 12 steroid-naives subjects with intermittent asthma, and 17 children with moderate asthma. To investigate their predictive value, biomarker levels were correlated with the number of exacerbations during a 18-month follow-up period. We found that GM-CSF release was higher in moderate and intermittent asthmatics than in control subjects, whereas IL-8 release was higher in moderate than in intermittent asthmatics and control subjects. FE NO levels were similar among study groups. In moderate asthmatics, IL-8, GM-CSF, and FE NO significantly correlated with the exacerbation numbers. Moreover, p65 and phosphorylated IkBalpha levels were greater in moderate than in intermittent asthmatics and control subjects. According to GM-CSF, IL-8, and FE NO levels, two distinct subgroups of moderate asthmatics (low and high producers) were identified. High producers experienced more exacerbations than low producers. This study shows ongoing inflammation associated with biological and clinical heterogeneity in moderate asthmatics despite regular treatment and proposes that large prospective studies confirm the importance of biomarkers to assess inflammation and asthma control in children with asthma.
Autoimmune-induced preferential depletion of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is genetically regulated in relapsing EAE (B6 × SJL) F1 mice
Authors: Dusanka S Skundric, Rujuan Dai, Vaagn L Zakarian, Weili Zhou
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2008)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is commonly used to investigate mechanisms of autoimmune-mediated damage to oligodendrocytes, myelin, and axons in multiple sclerosis (MS). Four distinct autoimmune mechanisms with subsequently distinct patterns of demyelination have been recognized in acute MS lesions. EAE correlates for those distinct patterns of MS lesions are unknown. An excessive loss of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), as a result of distal oligodendrogliopathy, is found exclusively in the subtype III lesion. We sought to answer if types of demyelination in acute lesions during onset and relapse of EAE can replicate the specific patterns observed in MS acute lesions. In parental H-2b (C57BL/6, B6) and hybrid H-2b/s [(B6 × SJL) F1] EAE mice, we examined spinal cord levels of MOG, MAG, and myelin basic protein (MBP), and compared to levels of axonal neurofilament (NF160) to assess axonal function, and levels of PARPp85 as an indicator of irreversible apoptosis. During disease onset, levels of MOG significantly dropped in both strains, although more profoundly in H-2b/s mice. Levels of MOG recovered in relapsing mice of both strains. Regulation of MAG was dissimilar to MOG. Modest loss of MAG was found at disease onset in both strains of mice. Unexpectedly, in relapsing H-2b/s mice, a major depletion of MAG and NF160, accompanied with sharp elevation of PARPp85 levels, was measured. PARPp85 immunoreactivity was observed in cytoplasm and nuclei of some MBP containing cells. Taken together, our results show genetically controlled distinct patterns of MOG and MAG depletion, in MOG35–55 induced EAE in H-2b and H-2b/s mice. The data also suggest distinctive immune regulation of acute lesions that develop in relapsing compared to disease onset. A profound depletion of MAG, concomitant with marked depletion of axonal NF160, and sharp elevation of PARPp85 levels, occurred exclusively in relapsing H-2b/s mice. Our findings suggest concurrence of sharp decrease of MAG levels, axonal dysfunction and irreversible apoptosis with severe relapsing disease in H-2b/s mice. We propose that MOG-induced EAE in H-2b/s mice may prove as a useful model in studying mechanisms, which govern autoimmune-induced preferential loss of MAG, and its impact on oligodendroglial pathology.
Mammary Gland Development as a Sensitive End Point after Acute Prenatal Exposure to an Atrazine Metabolite Mixture in Female Long-Evans Rats
Authors: Rolondo R. Enoch, Jason P. Stanko, Sara N. Greiner, Geri L. Youngblood, Jennifer L. Rayner, Suzanne E. Fenton
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Atrazine (ATR), a widely used chlorotriazine herbicide, inhibits a number of endocrine-dependent processes, including gonadotrophin surges and mammary gland development in rats. Chlorotriazine herbicides are rapidly metabolized in plants and animals to form a group of metabolites that are detected both in the environment and in exposed animals. The extent to which these metabolites are responsible directly for the observed health effects is not understood.
Abstract 1975: Right Ventricular Dysfunction is a Risk Factor for Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia and Sudden Death in Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Suraj Kapa, Heidi M Connolly, Carole A Warnes, Samuel J Asirvatham
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction Left ventricular (LV) failure (ejection fraction (EF) 35%, 8 died at an ave...
483 ONE-STEP REAL-TIME REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR ASSAY FOR UNIVERSAL QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATITIS DELTA VIRUS FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES IN THE PRESENCE OF A HETEROLOGOUS INTERNAL CONTROL RNA
Authors: C. Scholtes, V. Icard, M. Valiollahpour-Amiri, P. Chevallier-Queyron, F. Zoulim, P. Dény, P. Andre
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
PERFORMANCE OF A CONVENTIONAL SPECT CAMERA FOR IMAGING POSITRON EMITTING RADIONUCLIDES
Authors: A. Celler, D. F. Worsley, L. Hook, M. Adam, S. Jivan, J. Huser, D. Lyster
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Celler, A.; Worsley, D. F.; Hook, L.; Adam, M.; Jivan, S.; Huser, J.; Lyster, D. Author Information
The pervasive core idea in taste is inadequate and misleading
Authors: Robert P. Erickson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract The target article described the ubiquitous and often undefined idea of “basic tastes” as the basis for sensory coding in taste, and its attendant problems. The commentaries cover the full range of reaction to this argument, from full support, to qualification of the level of analysis to which “basic tastes” apply and the nature of empirical support, to full denial of either the characterization of the literature or that such characterization reveals any problem. Many commentators, and I, go on to propose other types and sources for taste analysis, which I relate to the “across-fiber pattern model.”
Pathogen-Specific Treg Cells Expand Early during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection but Are Later Eliminated in Response to Interleukin-12
Authors: Shahin Shafiani, Crystal Dinh, James M. Ertelt, Albanus O. Moguche, Imran Siddiqui, Kate S. Smigiel, Pawan Sharma, Daniel J. Campbell, Sing Sing Way, Kevin B. Urdahl
Journal: Immunity (2013)
The effects of storage and sterilization on de-cellularized and re-cellularized whole lung
Authors: Nicholas R. Bonenfant, Dino Sokocevic, Darcy E. Wagner, Zachary D. Borg, Melissa J. Lathrop, Ying Wai Lam, Bin Deng, Michael J. DeSarno, Taka Ashikaga, Roberto Loi, Daniel J. Weiss
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Isohemagglutinins in Parasitic Infections
Authors: Carolyn C. Huntley
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Isoagglutinins were studied in patients with acute schistosomiasis and visceral larva migrans (VLM). Anti-A and anti-B titers were found to be significantly higher in both groups of patients than in the controls. An increased incidence of low molecular weight agglutinins to A cells was found in both patient groups and to B cells in the VLM group. Purified IgG fractions were prepared from the sera of 13 patients with VLM and 12 of these were found to contain isoagglutinins, some in high titer. Two high titered fractions were tested with a panel of cord blood group A erythrocytes. The infant red blood cells were readily agglutinated but in slightly lower titer (one to four tubes) than adult A<sub>1</sub>cells.
Nonendoscopic transnasal placement of a wireless capsule for esophageal pH monitoring: feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a manometry-guided procedure
Authors: M. Marchese, C. Spada, F. Iacopini, P. Familiari, S. Shah, A. Tringali, G. Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of transnasal placement of the Medtronic Bravo capsule for wireless esophageal pH monitoring.Forty patients with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease were prospectively evaluated. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and esophageal manometry. The Bravo capsule was then introduced transnasally and released 5 cm above the upper margin of the lower esophageal sphincter. Serial radiographs were performed weekly until capsule release.Of the 40 patients who were evaluated, 38 (95 %) were eligible to undergo the procedure. Transnasal placement proved impossible in one patient (2.5 %). Overall, a total of 39 procedures were performed in 38 patients (the procedure was repeated in one patient because of accidental intragastric fixation). Esophageal placement was successful in 36/39 procedures (92.3 %). The mean duration of the procedure was 10 minutes (range 5 - 16 minutes). Adverse events were noted in five of the 39 procedures (12.8 %), mild epistaxis in two patients (5.1 %) and pharyngeal irritation in three patients (7.7 %). After the procedure, a slight "foreign body" sensation was reported by 20 of the 36 patients (55.5 %) who had undergone successful esophageal placement; two patients (5.5 %) experienced severe retrosternal pain necessitating endoscopic removal of the capsule. At the end of the study, 34 of the 38 patients (89.5 %) stated that they would be willing to undergo the test again if necessary.Transnasal placement of the Bravo pH capsule is safe, well tolerated, does not require sedation, and avoids endoscopy and its complications.
COMMUNITY EXPECTATIONS AND PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION
Authors: LAWRENCE C. HARTLAGE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

Five hundred randomly selected employers in the Greater Louisville area were mailed questionnaires concerning their attitudes toward the hiring or rehiring of individuals who had spent some time under treatment for mental illness. One hundred twenty-seven employers returned completed questionnaires. Although almost every employer who had hired a former mental patient (roughly half of all employers who returned the questionnaire) felt that these workers compared favorably with other employees in terms of absenteeism, accidents, ability to function, reliability, and amount of supervision required, their attitudes were almost universally prejudiced against hiring other ex-mental patients. Although over 90% of the employers returning the questionnaire felt that the patients who had been treated for psychiatric illness would be hireable, if properly trained and qualified, fewer than 16% had knowingly hired a former mental patient in the last year.
Myocardial Infarct Imaging with 99mTc- Pyrophosphate and 99mTc-Methylene Diphosphonate: Lack of Correlation
Authors: P TODD MAKLER, STEVEN LEDERMAN, N DAVID CHARKES, LEON S. MALMUD, HOWARD WARNER, JOHN J. REILLEY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

A prospective study of eight patients with recent transmural myocardial infarction was performed using 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate and 99mTc-Sn-methylene diphosphonate in each patient. All pyrophosphate scans were strongly positive whereas the diphosphonate scan was strongly positive in only one case. We conclude that 99mTc-Sn-pyrophosphate is preferable to 99mTc-Sn-methylene diphosphonate for myocardial imaging.
Natriuretic Peptides Predict Symptom-Free Survival and Postoperative Outcome in Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Jutta Bergler-Klein, Ursula Klaar, Maria Heger, Raphael Rosenhek, Gerald Mundigler, Harald Gabriel, Thomas Binder, Richard Pacher, Gerald Maurer, Helmut Baumgartner
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The prognostic value of natriuretic peptides in aortic stenosis (AS) remains unknown.B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal BNP (NtBNP), and N-terminal atrial natriuretic peptide (NtANP) were determined in 130 patients with severe AS (mean age, 70+/-12 years; mean gradient, 64+/-21 mm Hg; valve area, 0.64+/-0.15 cm2) who were followed up for 377+/-150 days. Natriuretic peptides increased with NYHA class and with decreasing ejection fraction (EF). Even asymptomatic patients frequently had elevated neurohormones. Asymptomatic patients who developed symptoms during follow-up had higher BNP and NtBNP levels at entry compared with those remaining asymptomatic (median for NtBNP, 131 pmol/L [interquartile range, 50 to 202 pmol/L] versus 31 pmol/L [range, 19 to 56 pmol/L]; P<0.001). Symptom-free survival at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months for patients with NtBNP <80 versus > or =80 pmol/L was 100%, 88+/-7%, 88+/-7%, and 69+/-13% compared with 92+/-8%, 58+/-14%, 35+/-15%, and 18+/-15%, respectively (P<0.001). Seventy-nine patients eventually underwent surgery because of symptoms. Considering preoperative neurohormone levels, age, NYHA class, aortic valve area, EF, and presence of coronary artery disease, we found that neurohormones, EF, and NYHA class predicted survival; neurohormones predicted postoperative symptomatic status; and neurohormones and preoperative EF predicted postoperative EF. However, by multivariate analysis, NtBNP was the only independent predictor of outcome.In severe AS, natriuretic peptides provide important prognostic information beyond clinical and echocardiographic evaluation. NtBNP independently predicts symptom-free survival, and preoperative NtBNP independently predicts postoperative outcome with regard to survival, symptomatic status, and left ventricular function. Thus, neurohormones may gain particular importance for timing of surgery in asymptomatic severe AS.
Basal Gastric Secretions
Authors: Seymour Aberle
Journal: JAMA (1963)

YELLOW-ORANGE FLUORESCENCE of gastric lavage sediment under ultraviolet light, after the prior administration of tetracycline, has been reported to be a reliable indicator of the presence of gastric carcinoma. The accuracy of this test has been scrutinized in a clinical study extending over 8 months. As one phase of this study, basal gastric secretions from 48 patients were examined without the prior administration of tetracycline. Frequent false positives in this control group throw doubt on the validity of the procedure.  Evolution of the Tetracycline Fluorescence Test  Drugs of the tetracycline family fluoresce yellow-orange under ultraviolet light and are thus detectable in tissues after systemic administration. Rail and his co-workers 1 in 1957 noted that (1) all normal tissue (except bone) loses tetracycline-induced fluorescence 24 hours after the administration of the drug is discontinued, and (2) cancer tissue retains tetracycline fluorescence for longer periods. Implicit in the subsequent work of McLeay, 2 Phillips and his collaborators, 3 and Vassar and coworkers 4 was the hope that tetracycline fluorescence could serve to (1) differentiate a benign from
Mithramycin for Hypercalcemia
Authors: ROBERT E. SLAYTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 August 1975Mithramycin for HypercalcemiaROBERT E. SLAYTON, M.D., CHARLES PERLIA, M.D., JOHN SHOWEL, M.D., THOMAS HOELTGEN, M.D., JANET WOLTER, M.D.ROBERT E. SLAYTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CHARLES PERLIA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN SHOWEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, THOMAS HOELTGEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JANET WOLTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-2-288_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We take strong issue with a recent letter from A. W. Hopefl (Ann Intern Med82:722, 1975) suggesting that mithramycin be reserved for the hypercalcemic patient who has not responded to "other more benign therapy" and used only by those experienced in chemotherapy. We have found mithramycin more reliable, yet no more toxic than other hypercalcemic agents, and strongly encourage its use early in the treatment of hypercalcemia. It is quite clear that the risks of hypercalcemia are greater than the risks of mithramycin if attention is paid to dose and frequency of administration.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT E. SLAYTON, M.D.; CHARLES PERLIA, M.D.; JOHN SHOWEL, M.D.; THOMAS HOELTGEN, M.D.; JANET WOLTER, M.D.Affiliations: Division of Medicine Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital Chicago, Illinois 60612 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1975Volume 83, Issue 2Page: 288-288KeywordsChemotherapyHypercalcemia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Biliary Sludge Extruding into the Duodenum
Authors: A Hokama, F Kinjo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Figure 1. A 77-year-old man presented with fever, jaundice, and pain in the right upper quadrant. In the past, he had had a permanent pacemaker implanted and had undergone a right hemicolectomy for adenocarcinoma of the colon and partial resection of the small intestine for acute mesenteric arterial occlusion. On examination, he had a temperature of 37.4°C, a pulse of 70 per minute, and a blood pressure of 140/80 mm Hg. There was tenderness on palpation of the right upper quadrant, without rebound tenderness or guarding. The results of laboratory tests were as follows: white-cell count, 5700 per cubic millimeter; . . .
Role for Plastin in Host Defense Distinguishes Integrin Signaling from Cell Adhesion and Spreading
Authors: Hua Chen, Attila Mocsai, Hong Zhang, Rong-Xian Ding, J.Hiroshi Morisaki, Michael White, Jacob M. Rothfork, Patrick Heiser, Emma Colucci-Guyon, Clifford A. Lowell, Hattie D. Gresham, Paul M. Allen, Eric J. Brown
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Neurologic Symptoms Associated with Parenteral Acyclovir Treatment After Marrow Transplantation
Authors: JAMES C. WADE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Six marrow transplant recipients receiving acyclovir at various dosages for herpesvirus infections developed neurologic symptoms during treatment. Three were receiving concomitant human alpha interferon, and all six had received previous intrathecal methotrexate. Symptoms developed a median of 8 days (range, 2 to 18 days) after initiation of therapy and consisted of lethargy or agitation in five patients, tremor in five, and disorientation or transient hemiparesthesias in one patient each. The only consistent laboratory finding was an abnormal electroencephalogram. Five patients had an increased myelin basic protein level in cerebrospinal fluid. Improvement or resolution of symptoms occurred a median of 13 days (range, 4 to 15 days) after cessation of acyclovir therapy. Acyclovir used at a wide range of dosages may be associated with reversible neurologic symptoms in patients after marrow transplantation. The contribution of previous prophylaxis for central nervous system leukemia, herpesvirus infections, marrow transplantation, or the concomitant use of interferon is unknown.
P1041 TENOFOVIR MONOTHERAPY VERSUS LAMIVUDINE PLUS ADEFOVIR IN LAMIVUDINE-FAILURE PATIENTS RESCUED WITH LAMIVUDINE PLUS ADEFOVIR COMBINATION: INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE TENOSIMP-B CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: F. Jorquera, J.M. Pascasio, E. Fraga, J. Fuentes, M. Prieto, G. Sánchez-Antolín, J.L. Calleja, E. Molina, S. Tomé, L. Bonet, M.Á. Blanco, M.L. García-Buey, J. Salmerón, J.A. Pons, J.M. González, M. Rodríguez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)