tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relaparoscopy in the management of acute abdomen due to localized ischemic bowel: A novel technique – Case report
Authors: Chinnusamy Palanivelu, Muthukumaran Rangarajan, Gobi Shanmugam Maheshkumaar, Pidigu Seshiar Rajan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2007)

Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy for acute abdomen has been widely reported in the literature. Diagnostic laparoscopy has an accuracy of 99.08% and 1% morbidity. The usefulness of relaparoscopy in acute abdomen has also been reported. We describe a patient with acute abdominal pain who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. Ischemic segment of small bowel was found and it was decided not to resect but to go in for a second look 48h later. Relaparoscopy revealed the ischemic segment to regain vascularity, so nothing further was done. The patient recovered well and was discharged on the 6th postoperative day. Laparotomy was avoided both the times, thus sparing the patient of morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Other advantages are lower risk of incisional hernias, less postoperative pain and early return to normal activity. Laparoscopy and relaparoscopy certainly has a definite role in the management of acute abdomen, at least diagnostic if not therapeutic.
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM IN DISEASES OF THE THYROPARATHYROID APPARATUS. II. CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS BALANCE (A) FOLLOWING THERAPEUTIC RADIATION OF THE HYPERPLASTIC THYROID GLAND, AND (B) IN HYPERTHYROIDIC PATIENTS TREATED WITH IODINE
Authors: F. S. Hansman, W. A. Carr Fraser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1938)

In a previous publication (1) the details of a series of experiments on seven patients suffering from hyperthyroidism, two of whom had an as- sociated hypoparathyroidism, were given.The following conclusions were drawn:Seven patients suffering from hyperthyroidism have been carefully studied.An analysis of their experimental data provides definite evidence in favour of an associated hyperparathyroidism being the direct cause of the ex- cessive mobilization and excretion of calcium and phosphorus.Two patients suffering from hyperthyroidism with an associated hypoparathyroidism were studied.Both patients were in calcium and phosphorus equilibrium.Though hyperthyroidism is frequently accompanied by a negative calcium and phosphorus balance, it is not in- variably so.It is possible for calcium and phosphorus equilibrium or a positive calcium and phosphorus balance to be present.Hyperthyroidism per se his no specific effect on cal- cium and phosphorus metabolism.
Abstract 3467: Progesterone inhibits endometrial cancer growth and invasiveness by modulating the TGF-ß pathway
Authors: Amber A. Bokhari, Laura R. Lee, Dewayne Raboteau, Chad A. Hamilton, George L. Maxwell, Jane M. Turbov, Larry G. Thaete, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Viqar Syed
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objectives: Our group has shown previously that progesterone may exert a chemoprotective effect against endometrial cancer through modulation of TGF-β signaling and concomitant activation of apoptosis in the endometrium. In addition, it has been shown that increased expression of TGF-β isoforms in human endometrial cancer correlates with decreased survival and poor prognosis. These data suggest that the TGF-β pathway may be an attractive target for chemoprevention strategies. The goal of this study was to further characterize the effect of progesterone on TGF-β signaling pathway components (TGF-β isoform and Smads) and on TGF- β-induced pro-tumorigenic activities in endometrial cancer cell lines. Methods: The expression levels of TGF-β ligands (TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3), TGF-β receptors (TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, and TGF-βR3) and SMADs (pSMAD2/3, SMAD2/3 and SMAD-4) were determined by immunoblotting in HEC-1B endometrial cancer cells exposed to progesterone for 24, 72 and 120 h. Proliferation and cellular invasion assays were used to access the functional effects of progestin exposure in the HEC-1B and Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell lines. Results: A marked decrease in TGF-β1and TGF-β3 expression was observed at 72 h after treatment with progesterone. Expression of TGF-βR1, TGF-βR2, SMAD2/3 and pSMAD2/3 were substantially reduced at 72 h while levels of SMAD4 and TGF-β2 expression were reduced at 120 h following progesterone. TGF-βR3 expression levels were not affected by any treatment at any time point. Furthermore, TGF-β1-induced cancer cell proliferation and invasion was effectively inhibited by progesterone. Cellular proliferation and invasion were significantly reduced by progestin compared to controls even in the presence of exogenous TGF-β. Conclusions: These results suggest that the down-regulation of TGF-β signaling may be a key mechanism underlying progestin inhibition of endometrial carcinogenesis. Citation Format: Amber A. Bokhari, Laura R. Lee, Dewayne Raboteau, Chad A. Hamilton, George L. Maxwell, Jane M. Turbov, Larry G. Thaete, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Viqar Syed. Progesterone inhibits endometrial cancer growth and invasiveness by modulating the TGF-ß pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3467. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3467
Problems of Dissolution after Long-term Placement of a Celestin Oesophageal Tube
Authors: G. Bueß, B. Lorenz, J. Eitenmüller, W. Steinbrich
Journal: Endoscopy (1982)

The reported cases of Latex material dissolution after longterm placement of Celestin oesophageal tubes, and the ensuing complications are discussed. Also discussed is a case of ours with adenocarcinoma of the distal oesophagus in which dissolution of the Celestin tube was found 8 months after placement. What is needed is a stable substance to replace Latex. So far, no problems have been reported with the Latex-Silicone Haering tube.
Urine in Acute and Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: M. H. Roscoe
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Urinary Infections-L Dunn et al.MflCfLJOURNAL screen 100 urines a day.This would make it feasible to test children in large numbers in their schools.It is hoped that this study shows once more how advantageous it is for a clinician, whether in hospital or in general practice, to examine the urine under a microscope. SummaryEighty-two children who had been treated for acute pyelo- nephritis during the previous 13 years were reviewed as outpatients.Twenty children (19 girls) were found to have persistent urinary infection; 11 of these were symptomless and appeared to be in excellent health.Cysto-urethrography showed the presence of vesico-ureteric reflux in half of them.Independent but parallel white-cell counts were done on 97 specimens of urine in order to compare the value of a standard- ized wet-film examination in out-patients with the use of a Neubauer counting chamber in the laboratory.Significant pyuria was present in 27 specimens and was detected by the wet-film method in 26.
Abstract 16661: Impact of the Learning Curve on Outcome After Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair: First Results From the German Mitral Valve Registry
Authors: Jakob Ledwoch, Tobias Teufel, Nina Wunderlich, Jennifer Franke, Stefan Bertog, Stephan Baldus, Rolf Wachter, Ulrich Schäfer, Christoph Hehrlein, Helge Möllmann, Ralf Müller, Taoufik Ouarrak, Evelyn Deeg, Jochen Senges, Horst Sievert
Journal: Circulation (2011)

INTRODUCTION: Catheter-based treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR) has increasingly been used as an alternative treatment option to surgery. New complex catheter-based techniques are frequently subject to a steep learning curve. PURPOSE: Evaluation of the impact of growing operator experience with percutaneous mitral repair on procedural success and complications. METHODS: This is an analysis of patients in the German Mitral Valve Registry who underwent percutaneous mitral valve repair for MR. Consecutive patients treated since 2009 in centers that performed more than 20 transcatheter mitral repairs were included. Results of the first half of the patients were compared to those of the second among centers that treated less than 30 patients. Among centers with more than 30 patients results of the first 15 patients were compared to those of the last 15 patients. Primary endpoint was hospital death; secondary endpoints were postprocedural complications and 30-day mortality. RESULTS: 181 patients from 6 centers were included. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics, NYHA grade and MR severity between the first and last patients. In almost all procedures the MitraClip® device (97.2%) was used. The EuroSCORE was 27.0% in patients treated first vs. 19.0% in patients treated later (p= 0.05). Procedural success was 94.3% (83/88) in the first cases and 94.6% (87/92) subsequently. There was no significant difference in hospital (3.4% vs. 1.2%, p= 0.32) or 30-day mortality (14.0% vs. 11.9%; p=0.78) between patients treated first compared to those treated subsequently. However, postprocedural complications were significantly higher in patients treated first compared to those treated later (24.4% vs. 10.7%, p&lt; 0.05) largely related to vascular access (serious bleeding 8% vs. 0%). CONCLUSION: A learning curve using a catheter-based approach to treat MR does not appear to affect the procedural success or 30-day and perioperative mortality. However, it does have a significant impact on the rate of postprocedural complications, mainly related to vascular access.
Will livers be the third 'insurable' transplant?
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence for a channel for the electrogenic transport of chloride ion in the rat hepatocyte
Authors: Christine E. Bear, Connie N. Petrunka, Steven M. Strasberg
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Chloride is the major inorganic anion in bile but its mechanism of passage from blood to bile is uncertain. Specific membrane channels account for most net inorganic anion flux in other cell types such as the proximal tubular cell and red blood cell; disulfonic stilbenes inhibit anion movement through these channels. Therefore, we have sought the presence of similar channels in the hepatocyte. Net inorganic anion flux or conductance was initiated in isolated rat hepatocytes by valinomycin in the presence of an outward potassium gradient. Potassium concentration in the extracellular medium increased from 2.75 +/- 0.02 in control cell suspensions to 3.15 +/- 0.04 in valinomycin-treated cell suspensions. Membrane potential difference (Em) (mV), determined as the distribution of [14C]tetraphenyl phosphonium ion was -28 mV in control cells and -42 mV in valinomycin-treated cells (p less than 0.05). Intracellular chloride concentration (36Cl-) (mEq per liter of cell water) decreased significantly from 38.6 in control cells to 32.0 in valinomycin-treated cells. The observed intracellular concentrations (36Cl-) in both control and valinomycin-treated cell suspensions closely approximates values predicted on the basis of the Nernst equation: 41 and 29 (mEq per liter of cell water), respectively, suggesting that the chloride ion is passively distributed on the basis of the membrane potential difference. Furthermore, net rate-limited cell water loss of approximately 15% of control values was associated with the above valinomycin-stimulated changes in ion distribution, as assessed using three methods of cell water volume determination.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A novel mutation in the 12(R)-lipoxygenase (<i>ALOX12B</i>) gene underlies nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma
Authors: G. Ashoor, M. Massé, L.M. García Luciano, R. Sheffer, A. Martinez-Mir, A.M. Christiano, A. Zlotogorski
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)
Diversity in expression of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Characterization of a unique kindred.
Authors: R A Levy, R E Ostlund, C F Semenkovich, J L Witztum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Clinical and biochemical characteristics of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) heterozygotes possessing an abnormally high molecular weight low density lipoprotein receptor (HMWR) are reported. The disorder is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and is not distinguishable from classic heterozygous FH on clinical grounds. The average plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 360 mg/dl and tendon xanthomata and early coronary disease are present. LDL receptor activity is higher than expected. In skin fibroblast cultures two types of functional LDL receptors are present, one with a normal apparent native molecular weight of 140,000, and the other of 176,000. When immobilized on nitrocellulose paper both receptors bind LDL. Maximum 125I-LDL binding capacity of fibroblast monolayers is reduced only 20%, compared with 50% in typical heterozygous FH. Affinity for 125I-LDL is increased and a 38% reduction in the Michaelis constant for LDL is observed. When autologous 125I-LDL was injected intravenously, the fractional catabolic rate of LDL was 205% and the LDL apoprotein B production rate was 328% of that found in a typical heterozygous FH subject. Thus, both in vitro and in vivo testing indicated only a modest deficiency of LDL receptor activity. Kindred members possessing the HMWR had an associated abnormality of cholesterol biosynthesis. Cholesterol balance studies in three individuals with the HMWR trait demonstrated elevated cholesterol biosynthesis of two to three times the mean of normal subjects. These findings suggest that increased LDL production and increased cholesterol production may assume a significant role in the pathologic manifestations of heterozygous FH. Functional abnormalities in LDL receptor activity as measured in fibroblast culture may be relatively small.
Human African trypanosomiasis
Authors: A. Stich
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The re-emergence of sleeping sickness presents a major public health problem

Human African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is one of the most important but equally most neglected tropical infections. It is caused by a protozoan, Trypanosoma brucei ,which is transmitted to humans through the bite of a tsetse fly ( Glossina spp).1 Patchy distribution of the various vector species confines the disease to some 200 microfoci in sub-Saharan Africa (fig 1). The disease had been successfully controlled by a combination of approaches, including treatment of patients, active case finding, and measures to deal with the vector.2 Since the 1970s, however, the disease has re-emerged as a new epidemic of immense proportions, which, until recently, received little attention from the international community (fig 2). According to the World Health Organization, about 500 000 people already carry trypanosomes and will die if left untreated.3

### Summary points

Human African trypanosomiasis is a re-emerging public health problem of epidemic proportions in many parts of rural Africa

The disease is caused by subspecies of Trypanosoma brucei and is transmitted by tsetse flies

Treatment requires admission to hospital and is costly, potentially dangerous, and limited by the widespread appearance of drug resistances

Investment in clinical and pathophysiological research and a broad international commitment to fight trypanosomiasis in Africa are urgently needed



Fig 1 
Distribution of human African trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa



Extensive literature exists on human African trypanosomiasis and trypanosomes, but it is mostlyconfined to basic sciences and neglects clinical research and the impact of the disease on large parts of the population in rural Africa. One of the countries most affected is Angola. In the north, local health professionals are involved in a control programme implemented through the Catholic charity, Caritas. Some 14 000 patients have already been treated and more than 100 000 examined for the …
Myocardial ischemia during ergonovine testing: different susceptibility to coronary vasoconstriction in patients with exertional and variant angina.
Authors: F Crea, G Davies, F Romeo, S Chierchia, R Bugiardini, J C Kaski, B Freedman, A Maseri
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Coronary spasm is an accepted cause of transient myocardial ischemia in patients with variant angina; more recently it has been suggested that dynamic stenoses could also play an important role in the pathophysiology of exertional angina. To test this hypothesis we submitted 31 patients with histories typical of exertional angina to ergonovine testing and compared the electrocardiographic and clinical responses to those observed in seven patients with variant angina. All underwent bicycle ergometric exercise testing and coronary angiographic examination. For all tests, ST segment shifts of 0.1 mV or greater were considered to be diagnostic of myocardial ischemia. In patients with exertional angina, exercise testing produced diagnostic ST segment depression in 21 (68%). Ergonovine testing produced diagnostic ST segment depression in nine (29%). All nine had positive exercise test results and two- or three-vessel disease, yet the test was negative in seven other patients with positive exercise test results and similar angiographic findings. Conversely, in the seven patients with variant angina, results of exercise testing were positive in five (ST segment depression in two, ST elevation in three), while ergonovine produced ST segment elevation in all seven. Coronary angiographic examination showed normal arteries in two, one-vessel disease in four, and three-vessel disease in one. Results of all ergonovine tests were positive at values of rate pressure product much lower than those observed during exercise.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Preliminary guidelines for diagnosing and treating tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in immunosuppressive trials or being treated with biological agents
Authors: D E Furst, J Cush, S Kaufmann, J Siegel, R Kurth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

Clinically suspicious circumstances associated with bacteriological positivity, using standard techniques and including resistance testing when feasible.Note: This does not apply to children, where AFB culture may be negative.
Control of Fever in Hodgkin's Disease by Indomethacin
Authors: Harold R. Silberman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Indomethacin (Indocin), a new nonsteroid, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic agent, was evaluated in nine patients with fever due to Hodgkin's disease. Each patient had significant and prolonged fever despite treatment by cytotoxic chemotherapy, salicylates, and corticosteroids. In all instances, prompt and continuous suppression of fever was achieved without untoward effects. The course of the disease in these cases was not apparently altered. This agent could be a useful adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of fever in Hodgkin's disease.
P213 Longitudinal changes in the rate and mean age of incidence and prevalence of COPD in the UK, 2000-2009
Authors: G. James, I. Petersen, G. Donaldson, W. Wedzicha
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Since the NICE guidelines in 2004 and introduction of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) in 2004, the prevalence of COPD seen in general practice has increased (Smith 2008).1 We have investigated whether this trend has continued until 2009, and explored whether this can be explained by change in mean age at diagnosis and death. <h3>Methods</h3> We identified all patients aged between 35 and 89 years (n=2 173 494, mean age =56, 49% male) in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) primary care database. From this cohort of patients we identified patients with a diagnosis of COPD using the criteria for QOF. We calculated annual incidence and prevalence rates, and mean age of patients with COPD, first COPD diagnosis and death between 2000 and 2009. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 53 379 (2.5%) of the patients were diagnosed with COPD. The prevalence of COPD increased by 50% over the 10-year period, from 24 cases per 1000 patient years in 2000 to 36 in 2009 (Abstract P213 figure 1A). However, the diagnosis of new COPD cases remained fairly constant (p=0.295), at 3.5 cases per 1000 patient years (Abstract P213 figure 1A). The mean age at first COPD diagnosis (incidence) decreased significantly (p&lt;0.001) by 2 years and 5 months from 69 years and 1 months in 2000 to 66 years and 8 months in 2009 (Abstract P213 figure 1B). The mean age at death of COPD patients increased significantly (p=0.008) by 9 months from 76 years and 2 months in 2000 to 76 years and 11 months in 2009 (Abstract P213 figure 1B). Whereas the mean age of prevalent patients remained fairly constant (p=0.098) over the period, varying between 70 years and 70 years and 8 months (Abstract P213 figure 1B). <h3>Conclusion</h3> We found that over the last decade, the average age of patients with COPD has remained relatively constant at around 70 years. COPD is increasingly being diagnosed at a younger age and patients are living longer, which may in part explain the 50% rise in COPD prevalence.