tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient education campaign launched
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Patients will be asked to think about their responsibilities as well as their rights in a new patient education campaign launched this week. In the doctor-patient partnership campaign, supported jointly by the Department of Health and the BMA, patients will be asked to think twice before booking an appointment or asking for a home visit.

A campaign was part of the package agreed between the department and the BMA when the …
Redistribution of canine left ventricular myocardial blood flow in unloaded systole.
Authors: R B Williams, H M Tremer, S S Sobin
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

The left coronary arteries of dogs were cannulated and perfused with blood from support dogs. The experimental hearts were unloaded by severing the aortas to maximize strains and minimize fiber stress. In each heart we compared the transmural distribution of blood flow in two states: (1) provision of perfusion pressure (40 mm Hg) only during systole and then (2) provision of perfusion pressure throughout the cardiac cycle. The distribution of flow in each of these perfusion states was labeled with a diffusible radioisotope (42K or 86Rb, one labeling the first state; the other labeling the second). Quantitative, paired autoradiography was used to visualize the two flow distributions. The differences between the two distributions after standardization was plotted as differences between activity vs. depth in the myocardium (r = 0.91). This was fitted with a line by least squares, the slope of which was significantly different from zero at the 0.005 level. The magnitude of the gradient of the systolic flow was represented by the ratio of deep to shallow flow. The mean of these ratios was 0.54 +/- 0.12 (95% confidence interval). A graphical analysis shows that the data are consistent with a gradient of extravascular compression across the left ventricular wall.
Abstract 3131: IGF-I regulates Cyr61-induced breast cancer cell growth and migration
Authors: Suren Sarkissyan, Marianna Sarkissyan, Yanyuan Wu, H Phillip Koeffler, Jaydutt V. Vadgama
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61) is a protein involved in wound healing, regulation of extracellular matrix microenvironment, and in tumor invasion. Data from our laboratory and others have shown that highly invasive cancer cells have high Cyr61 transcriptional levels as compared with non-invasive cells. Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that IGF-I (insulin growth factor I) is involved in activating the PI3/Akt pathway, and this may increase Cyr61 expression. We have hypothesized that IGF-I induces tumor invasion by upregulating Cyr61 through Akt phosphorylation (pAkt). In the current study, several breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB231, BT474, MCF-7, SKBR3 were used; two of which were stably transfected with active Akt1(SKBR3/AA and MCF-7/AA) and dominant negative Akt1 (SKBR3/DN and MCF-7/DN). To determine Cyr61 expression in response to IGF-I, cells were treated with IGF-I and Cyr61 expression was examined by RT-Real time PCR. To determine cell invasiveness in relation to Cyr61 expressions and IGF-I induction, a migration assay was used. Our result showed that Cyr61 expression was significantly higher in MDA-MB231 cells. SKBR3/AA and MCF-7/AA had increased levels of Cyr61, while SKBR3/DN and MCF-7/DN had decreased levels of Cyr61 compared to SKBR3 and MCF-7. Furthermore, IGF-I (100ng/ml) increased Cyr61 expression significantly and cells with high level of Cyr61 increased invasiveness. In summary, active Akt was associated with the IGF-I induced Cyr61, which caused breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Hence, Cyr61 may be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of invasive breast tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3131.
Use of Local Analgesia in Septic-finger Surgery at a Teaching Hospital
Authors: P. E. B. Holmes, D. J. C. Graff
Journal: BMJ (1953)

MEBITJISRNHL 255work is needed before the value of pyrimethamine in the treatment of malaria can be assessed.Our own results indicate that it is unsuitable for the treatment of acute malaria caused by Malayan strains of P. falciparum; its effect on parasitaemia is so uncertain that it could not be relied upon in a heavy infection.Drug-resistance.-In recent years, and particularly since the advent of proguanil, the problem of dkug-resistance in malaria parasites has assumed a new importance.Not only must the ability of parasites to develop resistance against a drug be investigated, but also the possibility of cross- resistance between different drugs.Schmidt (1953) found that P. cynomolgi in monkeys could quickly be made resistant to pyrimethamine, that the resistant quality was transmissible through the mosquito, and that resistant trophozoites were also refractory to treatment with proguanil.Rollo (1952) produced resistance to pyrimethamine in P. gallinaceurn and P. berghei, but found that the drug was almost as active against proguanil-resistant strains in the laboratory as against normal strains.We are still uncertain whether falciparum infections which fail to respond to pyrimethamine are also resistant to proguanil; but the figures in Table II suggest that proguanil-resistant strains of P. falciparum behave similarly to unselected Malayan strains of falciparum when treated with pyri- methamine.Summary Pyrimethamine, a new antimalarial drug of the 2:4- diaminopyrimidine series, has been used in Malaya for the treatment of 126 patients with acute malaria.Eighty patients had previously untreated acute falci- parum malaria.A single dose of 50 mg. of pyrimeth- amine failed to cure 2 out of 15 patients; a dose of 100 mg.(in two doses of 50 mg.each) failed to cure 4 out of 39; and a total dose of 300 mg.(100 mg. on the first day and 50 mg.daily for the next four days) failed to cure 7 out of 26 patients.Apart from the failures, the action on fever and symptoms was usually slow.Twenty-four patients whose falciparum infections had proved refractory to treatment with proguanil were given 100 mg. of pyrimethamine.Results were so similar to those described above as to suggest that resistance to proguanil does not affect the response to pyrimeth- amine, and is therefore unlikely to have been respon- sible for the failures in the other groups.Workers in other countries have obtained better re- sults than these, but occasional failures have been encountered, as has also the slqw action on fever and symptoms.Whatever the verdict elsewhere, pyrimethamine must be regarded as unsuitable for the treatment of acute malaria due to Malayan strains of P. falci- parlni.Eleven patients with acute vivax malaria were treated with the 50-mg.single dose, and eleven with the 100-mg.dose.Disappearance of parasites was slow, but there were no failures.We are greatly indebted to Brigadier J. S. K.
Is Prostate Cancer Screening Analogous to Lung Cancer Screening?-Reply
Authors: Mary McNaughton Collins
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —We disagree with Dr Farkas and colleagues when they assert that the efficacy of screening and treatment for prostate cancer are separable. Screening may find cancers early, but unless those cancers are effectively treated, no mortality reduction can be realized. Similarly, once one treats cancers detected by screening, one engenders the risks of therapy. We feel that all downstream consequences of screening need to be considered when estimating the outcomes of an early detection program for any cancer. However, we do agree that costs as well as risks must be weighed against the potential benefits of cancer screening.  As Dr Petty illustrates in his letter, the lung cancer screening saga is not over. In fact, the effectiveness of lung cancer screening is currently being readdressed in the National Cancer Institute's Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, which is also examining prostate, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening. 1 Nevertheless,
The Tao, Psychoanalysis and Existential Thought
Authors: Dongshick Rhee
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

The purpose of this paper is to clarify some existing misunderstandings in the area of psychotherapy, existential approach and the Eastern Tao (Zen Buddhism, Confucianism, Lao-tzu, Chuang-tzu) by showing the common elements between Eastern Tao and psychoanalysis, and existential thought. The author compared the goal of Tao practice, namely, Zen Buddhism, Confucianism etc. with that of Western psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology and transpersonal psychotherapy. He concludes that these goals are the same and that the names are different. He also compared the procedures and processes of psychoanalysis and Zen practice. Sudden enlightenment and gradual training in Zen practice were compared with insight and 'working through' in psychoanalysis. Zen emphasis on relationship, ego strength and interpretation was linked with similar topics in psychoanalysis. The results of Zen practice and the central features of every psychoanalytic treatment were examined and found the same, that is, the resolution of, or transcending of, love (dependence) and hate (hostility). The description of a mature analyst and that of a Boddhisattva were compared and found the same. A trace of neurotic motivation remains but they are not influenced by it in helping others. The problem of theory and reality was discussed and strong emphasis on reality was described; in other words, the goal is directed at reality and theory is only a means pointing at reality. If you see the reality, you should forget the theory.
The Myocardial Effect of Diuretic Drugs.
Authors: Robert H. Seller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971The Myocardial Effect of Diuretic Drugs.Robert H. Seller, M.D., F.A.C.P., Stanley Banach, M.D., Martin Neff, M.D., Thomas Namey, M.S., Charles Swartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert H. Seller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Stanley Banach, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Martin Neff, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Thomas Namey, M.S.Search for more papers by this author, Charles Swartz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-821_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDiuretic drugs affect the renal tubular secretion of potassium. Triamterene, ethacrynic acid, and furosemide were studied to determine whether they modified the digitalis-induced myocardial egress of potassium, which is thought to facilitate the development of digitalis arrhythmias. In a control group of 16 dogs potassium was measured in samples obtained simultaneously from the femoral artery and coronary sinus, twice in a control period and at 2-min intervals after the administration of 1 mg of acetylstrophanthidin into the right atrium. Coronary blood flow, blood pressure, and ECG were monitored. Acetylstrophanthidin caused a significant egress of myocardial potassium (coronary sinus to femoral... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 821-821KeywordsArrhythmiaBlood flowBlood pressureCoronary arteriesDiureticsDrugsFemoral arteriesPotassium Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Th1 cytokines promote T-cell binding to antigen-presenting cells via enhanced hyaluronan production and accumulation at the immune synapse
Authors: Paul L Bollyky, Stephen P Evanko, Rebecca P Wu, Susan Potter-Perigo, S Alice Long, Brian Kinsella, Helena Reijonen, Kelly Guebtner, Brandon Teng, Christina K Chan, Kathy R Braun, John A Gebe, Gerald T Nepom, Thomas N Wight
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2010)
Cutaneous late-phase response to allergen. Mediator release and inflammatory cell infiltration.
Authors: E N Charlesworth, A F Hood, N A Soter, A Kagey-Sobotka, P S Norman, L M Lichtenstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

To better define the inflammatory infiltrates and kinetics of mediator release during the cutaneous late-phase reaction (LPR), we examined skin biopsies at 8 h, and skin chamber cell counts and mediator release for 12 h after antigen challenge. Compared with the control sites, the antigen-stimulated biopsy sites contained 14 times as many basophils (P less than 0.01) and six times as many eosinophils (P less than 0.001) with one to two fold more mononuclear cells (P less than 0.03) and neutrophils (P less than or equal to 0.01). Similar changes were found in the skin chambers. Although there were neutrophils in the control chamber, they were only twice as numerous in the antigen challenged site (P less than 0.01). Eosinophils were 35-fold (P less than or equal to 0.03) more prevalent in the antigen chamber than the control chamber for hours 8-12 and basophils were noted starting in the eighth hour and were 20-fold (P less than or equal to 0.03) more concentrated in the antigen chamber during the next 4 h. The mononuclear cells were not significantly different between antigen and control blisters. With respect to inflammatory mediators, there was an initial peak of histamine (13.2 +/- 2.9 ng/ml) in the blister fluid at 1 h. The level then fell to approximately 2 ng/ml, followed by a secondary rise starting at the eighth hour and increasing to 9.8 +/- 2.8 ng/ml by the twelfth hour. This secondary increase in histamine correlated significantly (r = 0.81, P less than 0.05) with the observed influx of basophils. PGD2 in the blister fluid rose to 371+/-25 pg/ml during the first 4 h and then slowly decreased to half this level during the last 4 h. Thus, the cutaneous LPR has been shown to manifest a secondary increase in histamine levels and a markedly specific increase in eosinophils and basophils with mediator release apparently being derived from the latter cells.
All doctors should feel fully represented by mainstream medical organisations
Authors: B Goss
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The need for minority associations depends on the presence or absence of discrimination against the members of minority groups. The medical profession is not yet so free of bias that doctors from ethnic minority groups no longer need representation and advocacy.

The study by Esmail and Everington provided objective evidence of this.1 Perhaps most disturbingly their paper failed to support the comfortable notion that discrimination is a first generation phenomenon that …
Trans-epicardial transplantation of mature endothelial cells induces neoangiogenesis and improves LV function in an animal model of ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: V. Chekanov, V. Nikolaychik, G. Tchekanov, G. Dangas, G. Roubin, M.B. Leon, J.W. Moses, Nicholas N. Kipshidze
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Effect of a single dose of a topical glucocorticoid and a cyclo‐oxygenase inhibitor on allergen‐induced changes in nasal reactivity
Authors: H. Klementsson, N. Lindqvist, M. Andersson, U. Pipkorn
Journal: Allergy (1990)

The inflammatory response of airway mucosa to allergen exposure is a complex phenomenon featuring symptoms, the influx of inflammatory cells, the release of mediators, and changes in local reactivity. These features and their pharmacological modifications can be successfully studied in nasal challenge models. We performed a nasal allergen challenge followed by a rechallenge with allergen 24 h later in order to monitor changes in specific reactivity due to the initial allergen challenge. Symptoms were monitored, as was the generation of TAME-esterase activity in nasal lavage fluids. Prior to each challenge a nasal brush specimen was taken. In a double blind, cross-over, double-dummy manner the patients were pretreated with placebo, a single dose of 200 micrograms of budesonide (topical corticosteroid) given 2 h prior to rechallenge with allergen or 600 mg ibuprofen (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) given per os t.i.d. to steady state starting 24 h prior to the initial allergen challenge. Treatment with ibuprofen induced a slightly lower composite symptom score (P less than 0.05) at the initial allergen challenge when compared with placebo. No differences were noted in the relevant TAME-esterase activities. The allergen challenge resulted in significantly increased proportions of eosinophils in the brush specimens 24 h after the initial allergen challenge (P less than 0.001) with no differences between the different treatment alternatives. At rechallenge there was a reduction in the symptoms of secretion and nasal blockage in both groups receiving active treatment compared with placebo (P less than 0.05), whereas the number of sneezes was not affected and no differences were noted in TAME-esterase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
House Officer Training—Higher Education or Vocational Apprenticeship?
Authors: John Collins Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1963)

"TO KNOW THE PAST is to predict the future." Macaulay, the great historian, gave this advice. It is applicable to many areas of human endeavor. Medical education is no exception. Perhaps then, to gain perspective regarding our subject, several historical facts should be recalled and put on the table for consideration. At the same time, we shall need to define terms. Vocational training is defined as "pursuit of a regular employment or occupation; the act, process or method of directing growth; instructing, educating, as by preceptorship." ' Higher education is defined as "commonly the business of a university."<sup>1</sup> University business has been defined in many ways. Flexner<sup>2</sup>said that the business of a university is "to conserve knowledge and ideas." Newman,<sup>3</sup>in his magnificent discourse,<i>The Idea of a University</i>, states that "the primary business of a university is neither to inculcate virtue nor to prepare for a vocation, but to train the mind." It will be wise to use these definitions given by Webster, Flexner, and Newman from now on in considering our subject.
Trends in Cancer Mortality in a University Hospital: 1944 to 1969.
Authors: Frederick F. Holmes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Trends in Cancer Mortality in a University Hospital: 1944 to 1969.Frederick F. Holmes, M.D., (Associate)Frederick F. Holmes, M.D., (Associate)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-799_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptComputer analysis was done of 21,000 consecutive cases of cancer seen between 1944 and 1969 and followed by the Tumor Registry of the University of Kansas Medical Center. This group included both inpatients and outpatients; follow-up exceeded 99.3%. Survival was calculated by the actuarial method of Berkson and Gage. For purposes of comparison survival of patients registered between 1944 and 1956 was compared with patients registered from 1957 to 1969; thus, an early group and a recent group were compared. For the 46 primary sites analyzed the recent group included a somewhat greater percentage of patients with advanced stages of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Frederick F. Holmes, M.D., (Associate)Affiliations: Kansas City, Kan. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 799-800KeywordsComputersInpatientsMortalityOutpatients ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
DIAGNOSIS OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT CORONARY ARTERY STENOSES BY TRANSLUMINAL ATTENUATION GRADIENT OF 64-DETECTOR ROW CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY: A VALIDATION STUDY WITH FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE
Authors: Jin-Ho Choi, Yeonyee Yoon, Bon-Kwon Koo, Young Bin Song, Joo-Yong Hahn, Seung Hyuk Choi, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon, YeonHyeon Choe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Recent Advances in Understanding the Antineoplastic Mechanisms of Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors
Authors: Jingxuan Pan, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Farnesyltransferase (FTase) inhibitors (FTI) have broad antineoplastic actions targeting both cancer cells and mesenchymal cells involved in tumor angiogenesis. The small GTPases H-Ras, Rheb, and RhoB and the centromere proteins CENP-E and CENP-F are relevant targets of farnesylation inhibition; however, their relative importance in the antineoplastic effect of FTIs may vary in different cell types at different stages of the cell cycle and at different stages in oncogenesis. Three recent studies argue that Ras-independent and perhaps even FTase-independent properties are important to the antineoplastic action of this class of drugs. In mice, genetic ablation of FTase does not abolish the oncogenic activity of Ras, limiting the original conception of FTIs as an effective means to target Ras in cancer cells. FTase may not be the sole molecular target of these agents, and one study has suggested that FTIs act by targeting geranylgeranyl transferase II. Lastly, we have obtained evidence that induction of reactive oxygen species and reactive oxygen species–mediated DNA damage by FTIs may be critical for their antineoplastic action as a class. Together, these findings may alter thinking about how to apply FTIs in the clinic.
TCTAP A-022 Comparison of PCI Procedure and Outcomes in Patients with STEMI (Differences in TIMI Risk Score)
Authors: Hiroya Takafuji, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Tamon Kato, Norihiro Kobayashi, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinsuke Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Takuro Takama, Takahiro Tokuda, Kenji Makino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
FCER2: A pharmacogenetic basis for severe exacerbations in children with asthma
Authors: Kelan G. Tantisira, Eric S. Silverman, Thomas J. Mariani, Jingsong Xu, Brent G. Richter, Barbara J. Klanderman, Augusto A. Litonjua, Ross Lazarus, Lanny J. Rosenwasser, Anne L. Fuhlbrigge, Scott T. Weiss
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)