tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Prenatal Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Traits in Early Childhood: The Rhea Mother–Child Cohort (Crete, Greece)
Authors: Marina Vafeiadi, Vaggelis Georgiou, Georgia Chalkiadaki, Panu Rantakokko, Hannu Kiviranta, Marianna Karachaliou, Eleni Fthenou, Maria Venihaki, Katerina Sarri, Maria Vassilaki, Soterios A. Kyrtopoulos, Emily Oken, Manolis Kogevinas, Leda Chatzi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may increase risk of obesity later in life.We examined the relation of in utero POPs exposure to offspring obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors at 4 years of age in the Rhea mother-child cohort in Crete, Greece (n = 689).We determined concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in first-trimester maternal serum. We measured child weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, blood pressure (BP), blood levels of lipids, C-reactive protein, and adipokines at 4 years of age. Childhood obesity was defined using age- and sex-specific cut points for body mass index (BMI) as recommended by the International Obesity Task Force.On multivariable regression analyses, a 10-fold increase in HCB was associated with a higher BMI z-score (adjusted β = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.86), obesity [relative risk (RR) = 8.14; 95% CI: 1.85, 35.81], abdominal obesity (RR = 3.49; 95% CI: 1.08, 11.28), greater sum of skinfold thickness (β = 7.71 mm; 95% CI: 2.04, 13.39), and higher systolic BP (β = 4.34 mmHg; 95% CI: 0.63, 8.05) at 4 years of age. Prenatal DDE exposure was associated with higher BMI z-score (β = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.5), abdominal obesity (RR = 3.76; 95% CI: 1.70, 8.30), and higher diastolic BP (β = 1.79 mmHg; 95% CI: 0.13, 3.46). PCBs were not significantly associated with offspring obesity or cardiometabolic risk factors.Prenatal exposure to DDE and HCB was associated with excess adiposity and higher blood pressure levels in early childhood.
ON THE NATURE OF LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA.Read in the Section on Neurology and Medical Jurisprudence at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: L. HARRISON METTLER
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The intelligent treatment of a disease can only follow a thorough comprehension of its true nature. The management of locomotor ataxia has undergone many modifications until now it is beginning to be recognized that the very best results are obtained from a general constitutional treatment. Cauterizations, stretchings, and suspensions have all been tried and found wanting. Various specifics have been vaunted and quickly forgotten. Antisyphilitics continue still to benefit strictly syphilitic cases. At the present time, however, we rely chiefly on good food, change of scene, tonics, baths and properly regulated exercise. All this to me is very suggestive, and for the past few years I have been suspecting that the disease we call locomotor ataxia is but a manifestation of a general affection or cachexia. This cachexia is something more than a predisposing cause, and its cure means the cure of the nervous lesions and symptoms. The etiology and
Do beta blockers cause arthropathy? A case control study.
Authors: P C Waller, L E Ramsay
Journal: BMJ (1985)

duration of each procedure was similar: Bier's block 21-1 (7 9) minutes; local infiltration 20-3 (12 5) minutes, but after Bier's block patients required radio- graphy before the tourniquet was released (20-0 (9 2) minutes) and were observed for a further 20 minutes.For Bier's block staff were committed for twice as long (41 (11) minutes), and patients waited longer before the procedure began (89 (52) minutes) than did those receiving local infiltration (67 (37) minutes).No patient suffered significant complications or side effects.Inadequacy of reduction of the fracture was rare and not related to the technique.Relative merits ofBier's block and local infiltration.(Values are scores) Bier's block Local infiltration Complications
A phase 1 study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)
Authors: Brad S. Kahl, Stephen E. Spurgeon, Richard R. Furman, Ian W. Flinn, Steven E. Coutre, Jennifer R. Brown, Don M. Benson, John C. Byrd, Sissy Peterman, Yoonjin Cho, Albert Yu, Wayne R. Godfrey, Nina D. Wagner-Johnston
Journal: Blood (2014)
Occult Prolactinoma Diagnosed by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Filip Gemmel, Hans Balink, James Collins, Peter Oomen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

An elderly woman, with a fever of unknown origin was investigated for an underlying pathologic process. A whole-body FDG PET/CT study unmasked an occult pituitary macroadenoma, as confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Subsequently, results of functional endocrinological tests were compatible with a prolactinoma. This case report highlights the usefulness of including the brain in a whole-body PET/CT study, when fever of unknown origin is the dilemma.
Abstract 1452: The estrogen receptor β and its splice variant estrogen receptor β2 inhibits expression of Runx2, a key regulator of bone metastasis while only estrogen receptor β inhibits proliferation of the prostate cancer cell line PC3
Authors: Prasenjit dey, Jan-Ake Gustafsson, Anders Strom
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate cancer often metastases to bone in its later stages of tumor progression. We wanted to investigate if estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and/or its splice variant estrogen receptor β2 (ERβ2) are affecting signaling pathways involved in bone metastasis of prostate cancer. ERβ is progressively lost during prostate cancer progression while the splice variant ERβ2 is still expressed in advanced prostate cancer. ERβ2 is a 495 amino acid long splice variant of estrogen receptor ERβ. Using prostate cancer cell line, PC3 stably expressing ERβ or ERβ2, we found that both receptors inhibit migration in wound healing assays and are furthermore, repressing the expression of the bone metastasis regulator Runx2 and its target genes Slug and MMP9. In addition, we found by assaying the TCF/LEF reporter (TopGlow), that ERβ represses β-catenin signaling and it is also known that Runx2's expression is dependent on β-catenin activity. This gives a possible mechanism, by which ERβ represses Runx2 expression, is by inhibiting β-catenin signaling. This opens up a new pathway for the regulation of Runx2 by ERβ. On the other hand, we found that only ERβ and not ERβ2 inhibits proliferation and expression of the proliferation marker Skp2, which we have previously found to be a target gene of ERβ. The lack of antiproliferative activity of ERβ2 suggest that this splice variant could still be expressed in highly proliferative prostate cancer while at the same time inhibiting bone metastasis. In conclusion we found that both ERβ and ERβ2 are good targets for treatment of prostate cancer that might metastasize to the bone. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1452. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1452
The peripheral vascular response to severe exercise in untethered dogs before and after complete heart block
Authors: Stephen F. Vatner, Charles B. Higgins, Saxon White, Thomas Patrick, Dean Franklin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

The peripheral vascular response to severe exercise was studied in 11 healthy conscious dogs instrumented with Doppler ultrasonic flow probes on the mesenteric, renal, and iliac arteries, and miniature pressure gauges in the aorta. The response to severe exercise was restudied in six of these dogs after recovery from a second operation producing complete heart block by the injection of formalin into the atrioventricular (AV) node. Three of these dogs also exercised while their ventricles were paced at rates of 100/min and 200/min. The untethered normal dogs ran at speeds of 15-25 miles/hr behind a mobile recording unit for a distance averaging 1.5 miles, while continuous measurements of arterial blood pressure and blood flow were telemetered and recorded on magnetic tape. Severe exercise in normal dogs increased heart rate from 84 to 259/min, arterial pressure from 89 to 140 mm Hg, flow resistance in the mesenteric and renal beds by 59 and 52% respectively, and iliac blood flow 479% above control, while mesenteric and renal blood flows remained constant and iliac resistance decreased by 73%. In dogs with complete AV block, severe exercise at speeds of 10-18 miles/hr increased heart rate from 47 to 78/min, mean arterial pressure from 81 to 89 mm Hg, iliac flow 224%, resistance in the renal bed by 273%, and mesenteric bed by 222% while it decreased blood flow in mesenteric and renal beds by 61 and 65% respectively, and iliac resistance by 62%. A similar response occurred during exercise with pacing at 100/min, but when paced at 200/min a more normal exercise response reappeared. Thus, in normal dogs the peripheral vascular response to severe exercise involved increases in heart rate, arterial pressure and visceral resistance but visceral blood flow did not decrease. In dogs with heart block, where the ability to increase heart rate is severely compromised, compensatory reduction of mesenteric and renal blood flows occurred.
MELANCHOLIA AND ITS TREATMENT.
Authors: W. S. WATSON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

The symptoms are despondency, sorrow, fear and despair in degree beyond the natural emotions. Anxiety, grief and fear are peculiar to the normal mind and it is only when they exist to such a degree as to be beyond the power of reason and not in harmony with the laws of logic that we may justly style them morbid or call them delusions. Melancholia, as a rule, does not come on abruptly; on the contrary it is a condition of slow growth, with bodily symptoms of so trivial a nature as to scarcely attract attention; notwithstanding, we believe it is more frequently due to physical conditions than otherwise. Melancholia does not necessarily follow neurasthenia. Observation of cases coming under our treatment strongly incline us to the belief that we should look for toxic causes, auto-toxic substances, poisons created within the body, which, step by step, exert a destructive influence over
Applied Hypnosis and Positive Suggestion in Medicine, Dentistry, and Patient Care
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This is an elementary, but eminently readable, slim volume on hypnotherapy and its use in medical and dental practice. A brief introduction, incorporating a bird'seye view of historical aspects, is followed by two succinct chapters on the nature and theory of hypnosis. The chapter on induction techniques constitutes the best material in the book. The author's directions and language are explicit and practical; the basic rules are clearly defined. The chapter on autohypnotherapy suffers from undue brevity. The remainder of the book is devoted to a short exposition of the uses of hypnotherapy in medical and psychiatric conditions; surgical, obstetrical, and dental analgesia; and habit control.  The presentation is quite satisfactory within its limits. However, it does little more than skim the surface of this interesting but hitherto limited medical discipline. The authors' avowed purpose of stimulating interest in hypnotic techniques has been adequately fulfilled by this brief text, but
B.C.G. and Sarcoidosis
Authors: B. I. Hoffbrand
Journal: BMJ (1963)

The occurrence of autoantibodies in infectious hepatitis may be an example of autoantibody formation following intracellular infection (Davis, 1944).The patient with thymoma and aplastic anaemia who gave a positive antinuclear factor test was of particular interest.The association of thymoma with myasthenia gravis in which antibodies to muscle occur (Strauss, Seegal, Hsu, Burkholder, Nastuk, and Osserman, 1960) suggests that the thymus may play a part in autoimmune disease.The occurrence of antinuclear factor in a patient with thymoma provides circumstantial evidence for this view.Hijmans et al. ( 1961) and others have shown that anti- nuclear factor is nearly always present in systemic lupus erythematosus.Our finding that it is usually absent in blood and liver disorders underlines the value of the antinuclear factor test in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. SummaryTests for antibodies commonly associated with autoimmune disease were carried out on sera from patients with blood and liver disorders.Antinuclear factor was definitely present in one case of scleroderma with agranulocytosis, one case of thymoma with aplastic anaemia, and one case of infectious mononucleosis.Complement-fixing antibodies against rat liver and kidney were significantly raised in 7 of the 13 patients with infectious hepatitis and in two of the seven patients with glandular fever.The latex test for rheumatoid factor was positive in 10 of the 22 patients with liver disease.We would like to thank the consultants of Guy's Hospital and Dr. C. W. H. Havard and Dr. R.
Italian police arrest nine cardiologists
Authors: M. Day
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Nine cardiologists have been arrested in Italy over allegations of scores of unauthorised clinical experiments in which at least two people are believed to have died.

The nine, who work or have worked at the Policlinico di Modena hospital, are also suspected of fraud, embezzlement, and falsifying public documents, said a statement from the Modena public prosecutor’s office.

The arrests were made on Friday morning. There were also 33 raids on offices and other premises, in an operation involving 150 police.

In a television interview Antonio Diomede, …
Exercise Inhibits Epithelial Sodium Channels in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: ALEXANDRA HEBESTREIT, ULRICH KERSTING, BETTINA BASLER, REINHARD JESCHKE, HELGE HEBESTREIT
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a single exercise bout on luminal Cl− and Na+ conductance in the respiratory epithelium of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In nine patients with CF and nine healthy control subjects, the transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD) of the nasal respiratory epithelium was recorded, first at rest and then during moderate-intensity exercise. Under both conditions, PD was first measured while superfusing the epithelium with isotonic saline. Then, the effects of amiloride and amiloride plus low chloride plus isoproterenol were determined. Exercise resulted in a significant lower PD compared with rest in patients with CF ( − 6.6 ± 16.6 mV versus − 33.6 ± 10.0 mV, p < 0.0001) and control subjects (0.1 ± 8.7 mV versus − 7.1 ± 5.1 mV, p < 0.01). The effects of amiloride on PD were reduced during exercise compared with rest in patients with CF ( + 15.8 ± 9.5 mV versus + 26.1 ± 11.0 mV, p < 0.01) and control subjects ( + 5.8 ± 4.8 mV versus + 10.0 ± 3.1 mV, p < 0.01). There was no effect of exercise on chloride conductance in patients with CF and control subjects. We conclude that moderate-intensity exercise partially blocks the amiloride-sensitive sodium conductance in the respiratory epithelium. The inhibition of luminal sodium conductance could increase water content of the mucus in the CF lung during exercise and may, in part, explain the beneficial effects of exercise in patients with CF.Keywords: CF; nasal potential difference; cycle ergometry; CFTR; amiloride sensitive sodium channel
ATP Synthesis During Low-Flow Ischemia
Authors: Alison C. Cave, Joanne S. Ingwall, Jan Friedrich, Ronglih Liao, Kurt W. Saupe, Carl S. Apstein, Franz R. Eberli
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Our goals were to (1) simulate the degree of low-flow ischemia and mixed anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of an acutely infarcting region; (2) define changes in anaerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the creatine kinase (CK) reaction velocity; and (3) determine whether and how increased glycolytic substrate alters the energetic profile, function, and recovery of the ischemic myocardium in the isolated blood-perfused rat heart.Hearts had 60 minutes of low-flow ischemia (10% of baseline coronary flow) and 30 minutes of reperfusion with either control or high glucose and insulin (G+I) as substrate. In controls, during ischemia, rate-pressure product and oxygen consumption decreased by 84%. CK velocity decreased by 64%; ATP and phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations decreased by 51% and 63%, respectively; inorganic phosphate (P(i)) concentration increased by 300%; and free [ADP] did not increase. During ischemia, relative to controls, the G+I group had similar CK velocity, oxygen consumption, and tissue acidosis but increased glycolysis, higher [ATP] and [PCr], and lower [P(i)] and therefore had a greater free energy yield from ATP hydrolysis. Ischemic systolic and diastolic function and postischemic recovery were better.During low-flow ischemia simulating an acute myocardial infarction region, oxidative phosphorylation accounted for 90% of ATP synthesis. The CK velocity fell by 66%, and CK did not completely use available PCr to slow ATP depletion. G+I, by increasing glycolysis, slowed ATP depletion, maintained lower [P(i)], and maintained a higher free energy from ATP hydrolysis. This improved energetic profile resulted in better systolic and diastolic function during ischemia and reperfusion. These results support the clinical use of G+I in acute MI.
Care for the Aged
Authors: Wayne A. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It is surprising and disheartening to me to notice in David C. Kennie's article (1983; 249:770) on good health care for the aged that among the basic health principles cited, none of the ten include any significant mention of psychiatric or emotional counseling for the aged. Since Kennie places what I believe to be a correct emphasis on the correlation between the restoration of functional ability and the patient's sense of well-being, this mysterious exclusion seems doubly puzzling to me. No proper support system or broad-based approach to the issue of health assessment in this age group can be complete without the inclusion of a discussion of the proper methods for evaluation and treatment of the mental difficulties encountered. Practically all of the principles that Kennie elucidates in his article either depend on or would be substantially enhanced by a reasonable amount of psychiatric input. Perhaps the
Australian Antigen and Autoantibodies in Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: T. L. Vischer
Journal: BMJ (1970)

The sera of 110 patients with chronic hepatitis and adequate controls were examined for antibodies to smooth muscle (S.M.), mitochondria (M.), and for antinuclear factors by the immunofluorescence method, and for Australia (Au(1)) antigen by a modified micro-Ouchterlony immunodiffusion technique. Twelve out of 13 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis had M. antibodies, two had antinuclear factor, and none had Au(1) in their sera. In chronic aggressive hepatitis 23·5% of the sera contained antinuclear factor, 13% S.M. antibodies, 10·5% M. antibodies, and 22% Au(1) antigen. Of the 12 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, one had antinuclear factor, one S.M. antibodies, and three Au(1) antigen. The most striking finding was a mutual exclusion between Au(1) antigen and M. and S.M. antibodies. None of the 33 patients with one or the other form of chronic hepatitis and M. or S.M. antibodies had Au(1) antigen; 22 out of 77 (28%) patients without such antibodies were positive.
The Lack Of Pulmonary Fibrosis In Patients Receiving Diphenylhydantoin
Authors: Niels L. Low
Journal: JAMA (1960)

A recent report inThe Journal 1 indicated an 87% incidence of  changes roentgenologically in the form of accentuated bronchovascular markings or diffuse pulmonary fibrosis in 31 patients receiving hydantoins in the form of diphenylhydantoin, methylphenylethylhydantoin, or both. The author found an inverse relationship between the presence of gum hypertrophy and these pulmonary changes, and he suggested that his findings were deserving of investigation.  Diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) sodium has been one of the two most effective and widely used anticonvulsants for the control of major seizures for over two decades. It is estimated that at least one half of all persons with convulsive disorders (approximately 2 million patients) in this country are taking diphenylhydantoin and would continue to do so for years to come, unless it is hazardous. If a significant percentage of patients on hydantoin therapy were likely to develop chronic lung disease, we would have to reconsider the
Diagnostic Accuracy of Four Assays of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase
Authors: Jeffrey L. Carson, John M. Eisenberg, Leslie M. Shaw, Harold L. Kundel, Keith A. Soper
Journal: JAMA (1985)

We compared the diagnostic characteristics of four assays of prostatic acid phosphatase by two methods. In the first analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were developed and the areas under the curves were calculated. In the second analysis, the sensitivity of each assay was compared with the sensitivities of the other assays with specificities set at equal levels. One or more assays were performed in 1,298 patients; 141 underwent all four assays. Pairwise comparisons of the areas under the ROC curves showed no significant differences. No differences were found in the sensitivities of the four assays when the upper limits of normal were selected to provide equal specificities. We conclude that there is little difference in diagnostic accuracy among the prostatic acid phosphatase assays. Our findings contrast with previous studies that used only one upper limit of normal and that found some assays to be superior to others. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis corrects for the bias introduced by the choice of an upper limit of normal.
Determination of shear stress in patients confirms that lumen preservation in atherosclerosis is associated with shear stress regulation
Authors: Jolanda J. Wentzel, Elbert H. Janssen, Rob Krams, Johan C.H. Schuurbiers, Willem J. van der Giessen, Patrick W. Serruys, Pim J. de Feyter, Cornelis J. Slager
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Plasticity in the adult rat pancreas: Transdifferentiation of exocrine to hepatocyte-like cells in primary culture
Authors: Jessy Lardon, Saskia De Breuck, Ilse Rooman, Leentje Van Lommel, Mogens Kruhøffer, Torben Orntoft, Frans Schuit, Luc Bouwens
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Under certain experimental conditions, hepatocytes can arise in the pancreas. It has been suggested that the pancreas retains a source of hepatocyte progenitor cells. However, such cells have not been yet identified in the adult pancreas. We describe here the transdifferentiation of primary rat pancreatic exocrine cells into hepatocyte-like cells during 5 days of tissue culture in the presence of dexamethasone (DX). Using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry, it was observed that DX treatment induced albumin RNA and protein expression in the cells. Coexpression of albumin and amylase, and the absence of cell proliferation, demonstrated a direct transdifferentiation of acinar cells to hepatocytic cells. CCAAT enhancer-binding protein-ss protein, a liver-enriched transcription factor that is considered to be the master switch in pancreatohepatic transdifferentiation, and alpha-fetoprotein were markedly upregulated in the cells after treatment with DX. We compared transcriptional profiles of freshly isolated exocrine cells and DX-treated cells using oligonucleotide microarrays and found that multiple liver-specific genes are induced along with albumin, and that certain pancreatic genes are downregulated in the DX-treated cells. In conclusion, these observations support the notion of plasticity in the adult pancreas and that exocrine cells can be reprogrammed to transdifferentiate into other cell types such as hepatocytes.