tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Right ventricular tachycardia: clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics.
Authors: A E Buxton, H L Waxman, F E Marchlinski, M B Simson, D Cassidy, M E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1983)

This report describes the clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of 30 patients without myocardial disease who had ventricular tachycardia with the morphologic characteristics of left bundle branch block and inferior axis. The tachycardias were nonsustained in 24 patients, sustained (greater than 30 sec) in six patients, and provocable by exercise in 14 of 23 patients undergoing a standard Bruce protocol. Ventricular tachycardia was induced during electrophysiologic study in 22 of 30 patients. Programmed stimulation induced tachycardia in 10 of 30 patients, most frequently by rapid atrial or ventricular pacing. Isoproterenol infusion facilitated tachycardia induction in 13 of 23 patients. Endocardial activation mapping, performed in 10 patients, confirmed that earliest ventricular activation during tachycardia occurred at the right ventricular outflow tract on the interventricular septum. These tachycardias were unique in their responsiveness to a wide variety of antiarrhythmic drugs, including type I drugs and propranolol. During a mean follow-up of 30 months, no patient has died or experienced cardiac arrest. Two patients appear to be in spontaneous remission, and no patient has developed additional signs of cardiac disease.
FAM19A4 is a novel cytokine ligand of formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) and is able to promote the migration and phagocytosis of macrophages
Authors: Wenyan Wang, Ting Li, Xiaolin Wang, Wanxiong Yuan, Yingying Cheng, Heyu Zhang, Enquan Xu, Yingmei Zhang, Shuang Shi, Dalong Ma, Wenling Han
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)
Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia, Absidia corymbifera infection and probable pulmonary aspergillosis in a recipient of orthotopic liver transplantation for end stage liver disease secondary to hepatitis C
Authors: C. Viscoli, F. Dodi, E. Pellicci, G. Ardizzone, O. Soro, P. Ceppa, A. Nigro, F. Rizzo, U. Valente
Journal: Journal of Infection (1997)
Malcolm Hedley Hall
Authors: Chris Cutting
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Plastic surgeon and creator of the first collection of American penny arcade antique toys Before movies and television, small town Americans went to penny arcades for amusement, dropping coins into devices that entertained them by making mechanical figures move or-like today's slot machines-rewarded them with more coins if they played a game correctly.The devices were also found in bars, amusement parks, restaurants, and hotels.Their popularity peaked before the first world war and they went out of style when prohibition closed America's bars.When James Smith was a boy in East Liverpool, Ohio, the son of a dignified banker, he often rode the trolley car across the state line to an amusement park in Chester, West Virginia, where he enjoyed dropping pennies and nickels (five cent pieces) into machines that told fortunes, tested one's strength, played games, or offered penny candy.He said he loved the challenge of trying to beat the machines, but his father discouraged his son's gaming habits.
Fever as a Sign of Quinidine Toxicity
Authors: Howard B. Sprague, W. Austin Tansey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

TOXIC reactions to quinidine are often dermal or gastrointestinal except when large doses cause myocardial disturbances, such as intraventricular block, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.In 1952 Berley and Saland1 called attention to the relatively uncommon occurrence of drug fever from quinidine, and stated that 5 cases had been reported. In 3 of these there were also skin reactions. The authors presented 2 more cases in which fever was the only evidence of toxicity.Rose, Vogl and Turtz,2 in 1953, reviewed the literature and added 3 cases of their own. These, the 2 described by Levy3 and the 2 cases . . .
Capturing the Unexpected Benefits of Medical Research
Authors: A C Gelijns, N Rosenberg, A J Moskowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Remarkable advances have been made recently in our understanding of the molecular and genetic bases of disease. The potential therapeutic opportunities offered by these scientific findings, combined with the expanding needs of an aging population, have led to broad-based congressional support for increases in the National Institutes of Health budget. These developments have put into sharp relief the question of how to allocate growing budgetary resources among the various categories of medical research. In addition to the need to support basic-science research, investigators and policy analysts alike have recently emphasized the need to invest in translational research and clinical evaluative . . .
S142 The K+ channel KCa3.1 is expressed in human lung fibroblasts
Authors: K. Roach, G. Arthur, C. Feghali-Bostwick, W. Coward, S. M. Duffy, P. Bradding
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common, progressive interstitial lung disease. Current treatments are ineffective. Ion channels are emerging as attractive therapeutic targets and in particular, the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated K<sup>+</sup> channel K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 has been shown to modulate the activity of several structural and inflammatory cells which play important roles in model diseases characterised by tissue remodelling and fibrosis. We hypothesise that K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1-dependant cell processes are a common denominator in IPF. <h3>Aims</h3> The aim of the study was to determine whether the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channel is expressed in human lung derived (myo)fibroblasts, key effector cells in IPF. <h3>Methods</h3> Human lung (myo)fibroblasts derived from non-fibrotic lobectomy specimens were grown in vitro, and characterised by immunofluorescence. RT-PCR was used to examine K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 mRNA expression. Western blot was used to confirm the presence of K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channel protein. Patch clamp electrophysiology was performed to demonstrate the presence of functional K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channels. To elicit K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 currents the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 opener 1-EBIO (0.1 mM) was used. <h3>Results</h3> Human lung (myo)fibroblasts, express the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channel at the mRNA level. Western blot demonstrated that the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 protein is also present in human lung (myo)fibroblasts. (Myo)fibroblast cell lysates contained immunoreactive protein of approximately 48kD molecular weight, consistent with the reported size of the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channel. Patch clamp electrophysiology demonstrated the presence of ion currents typical of those carried by K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channels. These increased in magnitude from passage two through passage seven. Overall, K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 currents were elicited in 62% of cells tested. In those cells, baseline currents of (mean±SEM) 53.76±7.95 pA at +40 mV increased to 1375±195.1 pA following addition of 1-EBIO (n=40 cells, p&lt;0.0001), and were blocked by the selective K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 blocker, TRAM-34 (200 nM). There was an accompanying negative shift in cell reversal potential from −13.11±2.011 to −42.60±2.061 with addition of 1-EBIO (p&lt;0.0001), which was reversed by TRAM-34. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Human lung-derived (myo)fibroblasts express functional K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1, K<sup>+</sup> channels. These findings raise the possibility that blocking the K<sub>Ca</sub>3.1 channel may inhibit pathological myo(fibroblast) function in IPF, and thus offer a novel approach to therapy.
Adenosine-induced bronchoconstriction in conscious hyperresponsive and sensitized guinea pigs.
Authors: J R Thorne, K J Broadley
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Inhaled adenosine induces bronchoconstriction in asthmatic and allergic subjects but not in nonasthmatics. This study examined the responses of conscious guinea pigs in which antigen sensitization is induced by ovalbumin pretreatment and airway hyperresponsiveness to carbachol is induced by exposure to ozone and platelet-activating factor-acether (PAF). Airway responses to aerosol challenge with carbachol or adenosine were determined as the change in specific airway conductance (SGaw) measured by whole-body plethysmography. In untreated animals, carbachol (20 micrograms/ml, 60 s) induced a rapid fall in SGaw (peak, 18 +/- 5% at 5 min) indicative of bronchoconstriction, whereas adenosine (1 mg/ml, 60 s) caused an increase in SGaw (34 +/- 8% at 15 min). Animals pretreated with ovalbumin displayed similar responses to carbachol (14 +/- 5% at 5 min) as control animals and were therefore sensitized but not hyperresponsive. However, adenosine (1 mg/ml) caused a rapid bronchoconstriction, peaking at 20 min (25 +/- 5%). Exposure of animals to nebulized PAF-acether (10 micrograms/ml) for 60 s produced a bronchoconstriction, which peaked at 10 min (18 +/- 7%) and returned to basal levels by 60 min. Similarly, exposure to ozone (1.4 ppm) for 60 min caused bronchoconstriction (peak at 20 min, 19 +/- 6%), with recovery after 1 h. Both PAF- and ozone-exposed animals displayed significant hyperresponsiveness to carbachol administered 1 h from the end of the exposure period. The peak bronchoconstrictor responses before and after PAF exposure were 10 +/- 9 and 28 +/- 4%, and responses before and after ozone exposure were 22 +/- 5 and 61 +/- 9%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Midwife led care delivers best outcomes, Cochrane review finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Women whose maternity care is provided primarily by midwives appear to have better outcomes than those who receive their care primarily from doctors or from doctors collaborating with midwives, a Cochrane review has found.1

In the review, Jane Sandall, of the Division of Women’s Health at King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, and colleagues, examined 13 studies involving 16 242 women comparing outcomes of care delivered by a midwife led continuity …
Minimising bleeding during percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Gjin Ndrepepa, Adnan Kastrati
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Identify high risk patients likely to benefit from bleeding avoidance strategies

In 2013 more than 92 500 percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures were performed in the United Kingdom alone.1 Bleeding events are among the most common complications; reported incidences vary between 2.2% and 14%.2 Peri-procedural bleeding has a negative effect on patients’ outcomes—as indicated by higher mortality and morbidity and diminished quality of life—and on metrics of healthcare provision such as length of stay and associated costs.3 Large registries of US patients undergoing PCI have shown that 12.1% of in-hospital mortality is attributable to post-procedural bleeding and suggest a significant association between major bleeding and in-hospital mortality across all strata of bleeding risk.4 The 2011 American Heart Association guidelines state that all patients should be evaluated for risk of bleeding before PCI (class of recommendation 1, level of evidence C).5

In a linked paper (doi:10.1136/bmj.h1302), Spertus and colleagues report findings from a prospective cohort study designed to investigate whether prospective assessment of bleeding risk has any effect on use of bleeding avoidance strategies or subsequent bleeding rates in patients undergoing PCI.6 Bleeding avoidance strategies investigated in …
Emotions, Memory Suppression, and Identity
Authors: William P. Kabasenche
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

"Emotions, Memory Suppression, and Identity." The American Journal of Bioethics, 7(9), pp. 33–34 Notes 1. Margaret Urban Walker discusses the “theoretical-juridical” conception of ethics in her Moral Understandings (Citation1998). 2. I will use the term moral identity in a way that draws on Charles Taylor's discussion of identity in the first two chapters of Sources of the Self (Citation1989). There he points out that “[t]o know who I am is a species of knowing where I stand. My identity is defined by the commitments and identifications which provide the frame or horizon within which I can try to determine from case to case what is good, or valuable, or what ought to be done, or what to endorse or oppose” (CitationTaylor 1989, 27). I assume that moral identity is but one part of a broader concept of human or personal identity, which is, of course, very complex. 3. The concept of “aspect-seeing” comes from Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations. What he has mind can be gleaned from the following: “I contemplate a face, and then suddenly notice its likeness to another. I see that it has not changed; and yet I see it differently. I call this experience 'noticing an aspect”' (1953 [2001], 165). 4. “Moral space” is Taylor's term for the context in which we have an identity and a perspective from which to engage in judgments. He discusses it throughout chapter 2 of Sources of the Self (Citation1989).
Histopathology after Nd-YAG laser percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of peripheral arteries
Authors: Herbert Geschwind, Monique Fabre, Bernard R. Chaitman, Marc Lefebvre-Villardebo, Aliette Ladouch, Georges Boussignac, John D. Blair, Harold L. Kennedy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
712 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A IN CHINESE PATIENTS WITH HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: D.-Z. Xu, Y. Xie, L. Wei, X.-Y. Chen, M.-B. Wan, Y.-M. Wang, L. Wang, J. Wei, J.-H. Gan, D.-Y. Tian, S.-L. Zhang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Alternating Non-Cross-Resistant Combination Chemotherapy or MOPP in Stage IV Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Gianni Bonadonna, Pinuccia Valagussa, Armando Santoro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

In patients with stage IV Hodgkin's disease mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) was randomly tested against MOPP alternated monthly with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD). All 88 evaluable patients had not received chemotherapy and 25 had had a relapse after primary irradiation. The complete remission rate with MOPP/ABVD was 88.9% (40 of 45 patients), and with MOPP, 74.4% (32 of 43 patients). The 8-year results show that MOPP/ABVD was superior to MOPP in terms of freedom from progression (64.6% compared to 35.9%; p < 0.005), relapse-free survival (72.6% compared to 45.1%; p < 0.01), total survival (83.9% compared to 63.9%; p < 0.06), and survival of complete responders (94.8% compared to 77.1%; p = 0.04). The delivery of MOPP/ABVD was not associated with an increased incidence of major toxicity. The early sequential rotation of two equally effective and non-cross-resistant drug combinations can substantially improve the likelihood of cure in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
Probucol with Colestipol in the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: CARLOS A. DUJOVNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

The effects of therapy with 1 g of probucol and 20 g of colestipol were compared with those of the drugs used singly on 47 patients with hypercholesterolemia in a double-blind, double-placebo, diet-controlled, crossover trial that lasted 18 months. The probucol and colestipol combination, but neither drug alone, reduced mean serum low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels from 242 ± 51 (SE) mg/dL during the diet and placebo phase to 171 ± 41 mg/dL Probucol significantly lowered high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels and increased LDL:HDL-cholesterol ratios. Combination therapy did not change LDL:HDL cholesterol ratios. Probucol alone or in combination reduced very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels, despite concomitant elevations of serum triglyceride levels caused by colestipol in the combination protocol. Gastrointestinal side effects of single drugs were abolished when drugs were used in combination. Compared with the values in the diet-placebo phase, LDL-cholesterol levels were reduced by more than 20% in 81% of patients, by more than 30% in 49%, and by more than 40% in 17%. This drug combination proved to be safer and have greater hypocholesterolemic effects in more patients than other marketed drug treatments.
Sodium benzoate-induced repeated episodes of acute urticaria/angio-oedema: randomized controlled trial
Authors: E. Nettis, M.C. Colanardi, A. Ferrannini, A. Tursi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Background Sodium benzoate (E 211) is widely used to delay yeast spoilage of acidic foods and beverages. Numerous cases of adverse reactions to benzoate have been recorded, but most of the studies that have been conducted lacked proper placebo controls or blinding. Objective The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of intolerance to sodium benzoate among subjects who experienced repeated episodes of acute urticaria/angio-oedema following the ingestion of a meal or a product containing this substance. Methods This was a retrospective study based on the analysis of data from patients reported to have experienced episodes of urticaria, with or without angio-oedema, after ingesting meals or products containing sodium benzoate. At the first visit to the outpatients clinic, a careful history was taken. Patients were then given the following diagnostic tests: tests for IgE for common inhalant allergens and food allergens, and a double-blind, placebo-controlled challenge with sodium benzoate. Results A total of 47 subjects were enrolled in the study; five (11%) showed at least one relevant positive reaction to an IgE test for food allergy. Only one subject (2%) had a reaction after the ingestion of 75 mg of sodium benzoate without an adverse reaction to placebo. Conclusion This study shows that the percentage of repeated episodes of acute urticaria/angio-oedema reactions induced by sodium benzoate is very low (2%). In view of our results, we suggest that when faced with patients who have suffered adverse reactions that could be attributed to sodium benzoate, physicians should also carefully evaluate other possible causes.
Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Colchicine.
Authors: William W. Faloon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Cholesterol Lowering Effect of Colchicine.William W. Faloon, M.D., F.A.C.P., Dale I. Webb, M.D., Thomas F. Race, M.D.William W. Faloon, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Dale I. Webb, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Thomas F. Race, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1058_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDespite its historical role in gout, the metabolic effects of colchicine have not been explored. In six obese patients receiving constant low-calorie diets, containing 300 to 500 mg of cholesterol daily, colchicine, 1.9 to 3.9 mg/day orally, was administered for 4 to 21 days. Colchicine periods were preceded by 4- to 7-day control periods and were succeeded by postdrug periods of 4 to 8 days of the same diet, or 10 days of fasting. Serum cholesterol fell by 40 to 80 mg/100 ml in 6 days in four of the five patients. In one patient a fall of 20 mg/100... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William W. Faloon, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Dale I. Webb, M.D.; Thomas F. Race, M.D.Affiliations: Syracuse, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTeaching an Old Dog New Tricks: Colchicine in Cardiovascular MedicineTherapeutic use of colchicine and its derivatives: a patent reviewSerum cholestanol, cholesterol precursors, and plant sterols during placebo-controlled treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis with ursodeoxycholic acid or colchicineA placebo-controlled trial of primary biliary cirrhosis treatment with colchicine and ursodeoxycholic acid6 Malabsorption syndromesGastrointestinal effects of long-term colchicine therapy in patients with recurrent polyserositis (familial Mediterranean fever)Pharmacology of Drugs Used in Treatment of Acute GoutMechanism of Vitamin B 12 Malabsorption in Patients Receiving ColchicineSteatorrhea Induced by Para-aminosalicylic AcidROBERT A. LEVINE, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1058-1058KeywordsCholesterolColchicineDietFallsGoutOverweight ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Doubts about diverticular disease.
Authors: E R Littlewood, M H Ornstein, I M Baird, A G Cox
Journal: BMJ (1981)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Effective systems for the analysis of molecular data are of fundamental importance for real-time monitoring of the spread of infectious diseases and the study of pathogen evolution. While the Nextstrain and GISAID portals offer widely used systems for the classification of SARS-CoV-2 genomes, both present relevant limitations. Here we propose a highly reproducible method for the systematic classification of SARS-CoV-2 viral types. To demonstrate the validity of our approach, we conduct an extensive comparative genomic analysis of more than 20,000 SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Our classification system delineates 12 clusters and 4 super-clusters in SARS-CoV-2, with a highly biased spatio-temporal distribution worldwide, and provides important observations concerning the evolutionary processes associated with the emergence of novel viral types. Based on the estimates of SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary rate and genetic distances of genomes of the early pandemic phase, we infer that SARS-CoV-2 could have been circulating in humans since August-November 2019. The observed pattern of genomic variability is remarkably similar between all clusters and super-clusters, being UTRs and the s2m element, a highly conserved secondary structure element, the most variable genomic regions. While several polymorphic sites that are specific to one or more clusters were predicted to be under positive or negative selection, overall, our analyses also suggest that the emergence of novel genome types is unlikely to be driven by widespread convergent evolution and independent fixation of advantageous substitutions. While, in the absence of rigorous experimental validation, several questions concerning the evolutionary processes and the phenotypic characteristics (increased/decreased virulence) remain open, we believe that the approach outlined in this study can be of relevance for the tracking and functional characterization of different types of SARS-CoV-2 genomes.
Protean Manifestations of Nervous System Brucellosis
Authors: R. W. Fincham
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Neurobrucellosis appears in a wide variety of clinical forms. An arbitrary grouping of these diverse forms into four general categories (exclusive of the psychiatric complications) is given. These include meningoencephalitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, myelitis and myelopathy, and neuritis (both cranial and peripheral). Clinical examples of each major category are outlined in nine case summaries. Because the clinical appearances have proved deceptive, laboratory methods of diagnosis are essential. Accurate diagnosis is emphasized since satisfactory methods of treatment are available. A combined program of tetracyclines with streptomycin provides effective therapy.