tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Older Adults with Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Detected by Ultrasonography: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Anne B. Newman, Alice M. Arnold, Gregory L. Burke, Daniel H. O'Leary, Teri A. Manolio
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Persons with abdominal aortic aneurysm are more likely to have a higher prevalence of risk factors for and clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease. It is unknown whether these factors explain the high mortality rate associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm.To describe the risk for mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular morbidity in persons screened for abdominal aortic aneurysm.Longitudinal cohort study.Four communities in the United States.4734 men and women older than 65 years of age recruited from Medicare eligibility lists.Abdominal ultrasonography was used to measure the aortic diameter and the ratio of infrarenal to suprarenal measurement of aortic diameter in 1992-1993. Abdominal aortic aneurysm was defined as aortic diameter of 3 cm or greater or infrarenal-to-suprarenal ratio of 1.2 or greater. Mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, incident cardiovascular disease, and repair or rupture were assessed after 4.5 years.The prevalence of aneurysm was 8.8%, and 87.7% of aneurysms were 3.5 cm or less in diameter. Rates of total mortality (65.1 vs. 32.8 per 1000 person-years), cardiovascular mortality (34.3 vs. 13.8 per 1000 person-years), and incident cardiovascular disease (47.3 vs. 31.0 per 1000 person-years) were higher in participants with aneurysm than in those without aneurysm; after adjustment for age, risk factors, and presence of other cardiovascular disease, the respective relative risks were 1.32, 1.36, and 1.57. Rates of repair and rupture were low.Rates of total mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and incident cardiovascular disease were higher in participants with abdominal aortic aneurysm than in those without aneurysm, independent of age, sex, other clinical cardiovascular disease, and extent of atherosclerosis detected by noninvasive testing. Persons with smaller aneurysms detected by ultrasonography should be advised to modify risk factors for cardiovascular disease while under surveillance for increase in the size of the aneurysm.
On the Water
Authors: Joannie Kervran Stangeland
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
External Beam Radiation Therapy Followed by Interstitial Radiotherapy with Iridium-192 for Solitary Bladder Tumours: Results of 111 Treated Patients
Authors: Ilze E.W. van Onna, Jorg R. Oddens, Esther T. Kok, R. Jeroen A. van Moorselaar, J.L.H. Ruud Bosch, Jan J. Battermann
Journal: European Urology (2008)
The value of bacteriology and serology in the diagnosis of cellulitis and erysipelas
Authors: BARBARA J. LEPPARD, D.V. SEAL, G. COLMAN, GILLIAN HALLAS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Patients diagnosed as suffering from erysipelas or cellulitis were subjected to bacteriological and serological investigations. The serological tests used included the anti-streptolysin O reaction (ASO), the anti-deoxyribonuclease B test (ADB) and the anti-hyaluronidase tests (AHT) that are specific both for the group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) and for the human pyogenic streptococci of group C or group G. Antibody tests to the alpha-lysin and the nuclease of Staphylococcus aureus were also employed. Conventional bacteriological culture methods were used plus needle aspiration of injected saline in most patients with erysipelas, but recognized pathogens were isolated in only 42% of cases. Our results indicate the limitations of these tests for making initial diagnoses and deciding treatment. Serial serological testing was very successful in differentiating cellulitis due to group A, C or G haemolytic streptococci, or occasionally Staphylococcus aureus, but was positive in only 40% of cases of erysipelas.
Tales in Pursuit of Quality in Health Care
Authors: Barbara H. Warren
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<i>Tales in Pursuit of Quality in Health Care</i>is an extraordinarily pragmatic handbook that will serve not only the busiest of health care administrators, quality improvement program managers, quality assessment committee members, and medical staff leaders, but also any clinical provider or office manager who seeks to improve quality or problem solve in clinical care settings. All will find this book a quick-reference guide, with hands-on examples, to removing potential stumbling blocks in many areas of health care delivery. "... most improvements in health care quality and efficiency are achieved through little-celebrated individual efforts rather than formal measures or studies." The small manual is a well-structured collection of stories from health care providers and administrators. At first glance, the vignettes seem to be a random selection of problem-solving tales of quality or cost containment. However, the references and organizational structure that have been superimposed render the book an easy reference to
Treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome with 1.25‐dihydroxy‐vitamin D<sub>3</sub>
Authors: C. Richard, E. Mazo, M. A. Cuadrado, A. Iriondo, C. Bello, M. A. Gandarillas, A. Zubizarreta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract 1.25‐dihydroxy‐vitamin D 3 (1.25 (OH) 2 D 3 ) was tested in seven patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. The study was undertaken because 1.25 (OH) 2 D 3 promotes differentiating myeloid cells in vitro and because of a prior report of potential benefit in a clinical study. The drug was given orally at a dose of 2.5 μg/day for a minimum of 8 weeks (range 8–28). After therapy, there were no significant changes in any of the parameters observed in peripheral blood or bone marrow. We did not observe any feature of granulocytic‐monocytic differentiation. Treatment was well tolerated. One patient died because of bone marrow failure. Survivors have persisting myelodysplastic syndrome and continue to be transfusion dependent. 1.25 (OH) 2 D 3 has no beneficial effect in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome with this dose regimen.
Comparison of Biologic Potency of Human Insulin (recombinant DNA) and Purified Porcine Insulin (PPI) on the Rat and Human Adipocyte Lipogenesis Model
Authors: M A Khokher, P Dandona
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

To assess whether human insulin (recombinant DNA) is superior to porcine insulin, we compared the biologic effect of these two insulin preparations on rat and human adipocyte lipogenesis in vitro. The biologic potency of these two insulin preparations was similar on both human and rat adipocytes. Iodination of human and porcine insulin with 125I at A14 position led to a significant but similar loss of potency of both insulin preparations.
The First Transatlantic Symposium on Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: M. Bretthauer
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

The First Transatlantic Symposium on Strategies to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening was held on April 20th 2009 in New York City at the prestigious location of the Consulate General of the Federal Republic of Germany. About 100 invited individuals, including experts in CRC screening and public awareness, clinicians, and researchers, discussed various topics in CRC screening.
Breast cancer mortality in organised mammography screening in Denmark: comparative study
Authors: K. J. Jorgensen, P.-H. Zahl, P. C Gotzsche
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To determine whether the previously observed 25% reduction in breast cancer mortality in Copenhagen following the introduction of mammography screening was indeed due to screening, by using an additional screening region and five years additional follow-up. <b>Design</b> We used Poisson regression analyses adjusted for changes in age distribution to compare the annual percentage change in breast cancer mortality in areas where screening was used with the change in areas where it was not used during 10 years before screening was introduced and for 10 years after screening was in practice (starting five years after introduction of screening). <b>Setting</b> Copenhagen, where mammography screening started in 1991, and Funen county, where screening was introduced in 1993. The rest of Denmark (about 80% of the population) served as an unscreened control group. <b>Participants</b> All Danish women recorded in the Cause of Death Register and Statistics Denmark for 1971-2006. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Annual percentage change in breast cancer mortality in regions offering mammography screening and those not offering screening. <b>Results</b> In women who could benefit from screening (ages 55-74 years), we found a mortality decline of 1% per year in the screening areas (relative risk (RR) 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 1.01) during the 10 year period when screening could have had an effect (1997-2006). In women of the same age in the non-screening areas, there was a decline of 2% in mortality per year (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99) in the same 10 year period. In women who were too young to benefit from screening (ages 35-55 years), breast cancer mortality during 1997-2006 declined 5% per year (RR 0.95, CI 0.92 to 0.98) in the screened areas and 6% per year (RR 0.94, CI 0.92 to 0.95) in the non-screened areas. For the older age groups (75-84 years), there was little change in breast cancer mortality over time in both screened and non-screened areas. Trends were less clear during the 10 year period before screening was introduced, with a possible increase in mortality in women aged less than 75 years in the non-screened regions. <b>Conclusions</b> We were unable to find an effect of the Danish screening programme on breast cancer mortality. The reductions in breast cancer mortality we observed in screening regions were similar or less than those in non-screened areas and in age groups too young to benefit from screening, and are more likely explained by changes in risk factors and improved treatment than by screening mammography.
Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level and Carotid Intimal-Medial Thickening in Nondiabetic Individuals: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Authors: Lori L Vitelli, Eyal Shahar, Gerardo Heiss, Paul G McGovern, Frederick L Brancati, John H Eckfeldt, Aaron R Folsom
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE People with diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular events. However, questions remain about what role, if any, homeostatic glucose control plays in the development of cardiovascular disease among nondiabetic individuals. We investigated the relationship between HbA1c level and carotid intimal-medial thickening in normoglycemic individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study among 208 normoglycemic individuals (fasting glucose ≤ 6.4 mmol/l and no history of diabetes) who had carotid initial-medial thickening (case subjects) and 208 normoglycemic control subjects individually matched for age, sex, race, field center, and date of exam. Subjects were free-living men and women, aged 45–64 years at baseline, who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. RESULTS HbA1c levels, expressed as percent of total hemoglobin, ranged from 4 to 7% and correlated only modestly with single measurements of fasting glucose (r = 0.16) and fasting insulin (r = 0.14). The mean level of HbA1c was 5.18% among case subjects and 5.07% among control subjects (P = 0.004, paired t test). As compared with the first quartile of HbA1c the matched relative odds of being a case were 1.15, 1.33, and 2.30 for the second, third, and fourth quartiles, respectively (P = 0.005 for linear trend). After multivariate adjustment for age, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, BMI, smoking status, hypertension, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, fibrinogen, and education level, the respective relative odds estimates were 0.98, 1.07, and 1.8 (P = 0.16 for linear trend). When modeled linearly as a continuous variable and after adjustment for the above-mentioned covariates, a 1% point increment in HbA1c level was associated with 1.77 greater odds of being a case (95% CI, 0.9–3.5). CONCLUSIONS These data provide some support to the hypothesis that in the absence of diabetes, homeostatic glycemic control is a risk factor for atherosclerosis.
England's health standards lag behind those of other Western countries
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2004)

It could cost the NHS an extra £30bn ($53bn; €43bn) a year to provide health care in England over the next 20 years, unless large gaps in standards of health between rich and poor people are dealt with, an interim report on future health trends estimates.

The report, by former banker Derek Wanless, was released with a minimum of publicity in December. It paints a picture of a country that compares unfavourably with other major Western countries in terms of mortality and morbidity from cancer and heart disease. Mr Wanless also found wide variations in life expectancy across the socioeconomic groups. …
Variability of atrial natriuretic peptide plasma levels in ascitic cirrhotics: Pathophysiological and clinical implications
Authors: Paolo Angeli, Lorenza Caregaro, Francesca Menon, David Sacerdoti, Renzo de Toni, Carlo Merkel, Angelo Gatta
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Ascitic cirrhotic patients are a heterogenous population with respect to factors that may affect plasma human atrial natriuretic peptide levels (such as degree of plasma volume and plasma levels of angiotensin II, vasopressin and norepinephrine). Thus the proven variability of plasma human atrial natriuretic peptide values in ascitic cirrhotic patients may be due also to the selection of patients, not only to the study conditions. The response to standardized stepped-care medical treatment of ascites makes it possible to characterize ascitic cirrhotic patients with different patterns of renal sodium excretion, intrarenal sodium handling, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone and thus, probably, effective circulating volume. Consequently, we evaluated human atrial natriuretic peptide plasma levels in controls (n = 23), in ascitic cirrhotic patients who underwent spontaneous diuresis (group A, n = 7) and in cirrhotic patients who required diuretic treatment (group B, n = 44). The last group was then divided into two subgroups. Subgroup B-R (n = 25) included patients who responded to spironolactone alone, whereas subgroup B-NR (n = 19) included patients who did not respond to 500 mg/day spironolactone. All patients were maintained on identical normocaloric restricted sodium intake (80 mEq/day) throughout the study. Ascitic cirrhotic patients, as a whole, had higher values of human atrial natriuretic peptide than did controls (70.8 +/- 46.6 pg/ml vs. 41.7 +/- 16.3 pg/ml, p < 0.025). No difference was found in human atrial natriuretic peptide/plasma renin activity between the two groups (87 +/- 160 pg/ng/hr vs. 44 +/- 73 pg/ng/hr, p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Inherited interleukin 12 deficiency in a child with bacille Calmette-Guérin and Salmonella enteritidis disseminated infection.
Authors: F Altare, D Lammas, P Revy, E Jouanguy, R Döffinger, S Lamhamedi, P Drysdale, D Scheel-Toellner, J Girdlestone, P Darbyshire, M Wadhwa, H Dockrell, M Salmon, A Fischer, A Durandy, J L Casanova, D S Kumararatne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Interferon-gamma receptor ligand-binding chain (IFN-gammaR1) or signaling chain (IFN-gammaR2) deficiency, like interleukin 12 receptor beta1 chain (IL-12Rbeta1) deficiency, predispose to severe infections due to poorly virulent mycobacteria and salmonella. A child with bacille Calmette-Guérin and Salmonella enteritidis infection was investigated. Mutations in the genes for IFN-gammaR1, IFN-gammaR2, IL-12Rbeta1, and other molecules implicated in IL-12- or IFN-gamma-mediated immunity were sought. A large homozygous deletion within the IL-12 p40 subunit gene was found, precluding expression of functional IL-12 p70 cytokine by activated dendritic cells and phagocytes. As a result, IFN-gamma production by lymphocytes was markedly impaired. This is the first discovered human disease resulting from a cytokine gene defect. It suggests that IL-12 is essential to and appears specific for protective immunity to intracellular bacteria such as mycobacteria and salmonella.
The conundrum of correlation and causation
Authors: Irene M. Pepperberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Biology can inspire robotic simulations of behavior and thus advance robotics, but the validity of drawing conclusions about real behavior from robotic models is questionable. Robotic models, particularly of learning, do not account, for example, for (a) exaptation: co-opting of previously evolved functions for new behavior, (b) learning through observation, (c) complex biological reality, or (d) limits on computational capacity.
Giving Pediatric Immunizations the Priority They Deserve
Authors: Jerome K. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the April 14 issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Dr Shalala,<sup>1</sup>secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, fails to deal with reality concerning immunizations of children. Connecticut provides immunization material free, yet our rate of immunization is not much better than states that do not provide it. This is because parents fail to take advantage of the services available. Second, it is easy to say that we should screen every patient and immunize when necessary immediately in each and every encounter. Is the secretary advocating forced immunization without informed consent? I doubt it but it wasn't clear.
Psychoanalytic Concepts of Eating Disorders: An Empirical Approach with a Semantic Differential (Ertel)
Authors: Volker Tschuschke, Walter Volk, Reinhard Költzow
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

To study empirically some psychoanalytic assumptions concerning aspects of the oral character and manifestations of fixation and regression, 61 neurotic inpatients at a psychotherapeutic clinic were investigated using a semantic differential technique (Ertel). Each patient was judged by the differential technique on the basis of 12 object representations which, in respect to the psychoanalytic theory of development, are postulated to have connections with the oral stage. A connotative proximity in the semantic space was postulated for several 'oral connotations'. For these relevant connotations the theoretical assumptions were proved empirically. However, there were no statistical differences between several groups of patients (those with an oral fixation and those with later fixations). Furthermore single dimensions of the semantic differential technique used, in contrast to the three-dimensional analysis, allowed the differentiation of patients with oral fixations from the others simply by using object representations that ought to be relevant for the oral stage of psychosexual development.
Obesity and the rising incidence of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma: what is the link?
Authors: D. A Corley
Journal: Gut (2007)

The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has increased over 500% in some countries during the last three decades, but the reasons for this rise are unclear.1 The most intractable problem to date has been explaining why the rates for oesophageal adenocarcinoma vary substantially by race (more common in Caucasians), gender (more common in men), and geography.1,2,3,4,5,6 The increasing prevalence of obesity in society may provide a partial explanation for the increases in incidence. The article by Merry et al. in this issue of Gut describes a well‐designed cohort study which evaluates whether measures of body size, such as height and the body mass index (BMI), are associated with the subsequent risk of oesophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinomas (see page 1503).7 Its strengths include its cohort design, high‐quality data, the ability to evaluate BMI early in adult life (when carcinogenic processes such as Barrett's oesophagus may begin) and with weight gain, the completeness of cancer follow‐up, the large size (which permitted stratification by gender), and its evaluation of different cancer types within a single population. The study adds knowledge particularly in two areas. First, it found that a high baseline adult BMI and increases in BMI after the age of 20, but not BMI at age 20, were strongly associated with oesophageal adenocarcinoma and cardia adenocarcinoma; this suggests that interventions aimed at preventing weight gain in adulthood may decrease the risk of oesophageal and cardia adenocarcinomas. Second, it provided detailed evaluations of height, which demonstrate no clear association between height and oesophageal or cardia adenocarcinomas. This finding suggests it is excess body weight for any given height, rather than a peculiarity of the BMI ratio equation, that accounts for the associations between BMI and these malignancies.
1266 COMPLEX ROLE OF OSTEOPONTIN IN THE PROGRESSION OF NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH)
Authors: A. Jindal, S. Sutti, I. Locatelli, A. Chiocchetti, M.F.F. Soluri, M. Vacchiano, E. Maldi, C. Bozzola, U. Dianzani, E. Albano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
COLD AGGLUTININS. II. COLD ISOHEMAGGLUTININS IN PRIMARY ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY WITH A NOTE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IN THESE CASES
Authors: Maxwell Finland, Osler L. Peterson, Howard E. Allen, Bernardo A. Samper, Mildred W. Barnes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1945)
Narrow-band (TL-01) UVB air-conditioned phototherapy for chronic severe adult atopic dermatitis
Authors: S.A. GEORGE, D.J. BILSLAND, B.E. JOHNSON, J. FERGUSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Narrow‐band (TL‐01) UVB air‐conditioned phototherapy for chronic severe adult atopic dermatitis Get access S.A. GEORGE, S.A. GEORGE Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. Dr S.A. George. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.J. BILSLAND, D.J. BILSLAND Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.E. JOHNSON, B.E. JOHNSON Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. FERGUSON J. FERGUSON Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 1, 1 January 1993, Pages 49–56, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00147.x Published: 01 January 1993 Article history Accepted: 27 July 1992 Published: 01 January 1993