tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AIDS vaccine suffers setback in US
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Seven people involved in early trials of an AIDS vaccine in the US have become infected with HIV, it was announced last week. Researchers have assured the public that the cases could not be attributed to the vaccine and that two of the new cases were in placebo arms of one study.

Three people were part of a trial to study the safety of vaccines made up of gp 120, a fragment of the virus's outer coat. All three were members of groups that are at high risk of HIV infection, and researchers said that since they had not completed their course of three injections of vaccine, the vaccine had not necessarily failed. “There …
Meeting of Managerial Science With Medicine
Authors: Howard Paul Forman
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The ordering patterns of physicians are being monitored more rigorously. Health care institutions and managed care organizations know that physicians control, directly or indirectly, a substantial part of the health care dollar through ordering of tests, procedures, and hospitalizations. Thus, the issue of how best to reduce utilization of diagnostic studies, such as radiologic procedures, without detracting from patient management in both the inpatient and outpatient setting becomes imperative. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Bree et al<sup>1</sup>have studied a new utilization management tool—the radiology consultant-gate keeper—for its ability to improve inpatient diagnostic imaging. Their findings, seemingly counterintuitive, showed little or no alteration or reduction in choice of services, despite the necessity or precertification for nearly all examinations. They document that less than 2% of the 3600 requests were denied by the radiologist and that there was no shift away from more costly examinations to those, perhaps, that are
The shame of obstetrics
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I rarely admitted to being an obstetrician before I retired. People get embarrassed when they can’t pronounce your occupation. Cabbies taking me to the royal college would ask me to explain the difference between obstetrics and gynaecology, and their opinion of the specialty would depend on how successful their family’s reproductive history had been. That applies to everyone, of course, not just taxi drivers.

I was not alone in being shy. My younger colleagues called themselves fetal medicine …
Excess Long-Term Mortality following Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Colin John Crooks, Timothy Richard Card, Joe West
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Colin Crooks and colleagues studied patient outcomes in the 5 years after a non-variceal bleed and found an increased risk of all causes of death, over half of which were due to non-gastrointestinal causes.
Comparison of the Protective Effect of Ketotifen and Disodium Cromoglycate on Exercise‐Induced Asthma in Asthmatic Boys
Authors: Gunnar Lilja, Viggo Graff‐Lonnevig, Sture Bevegåd
Journal: Allergy (1983)

Fourteen hoys with a mean age of 12.2 years were studied with respect to the protective effect of ketotifen on exercise‐induced asthma (EIA) in comparison with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG). All had a positive history of EIA and a post‐exercise fall in FEV 1 of more than 20%. A double blind cross‐over technique was used with a 1 week wash‐out period between the two treatment alternatives. Both drugs gave some, but not significant protection for EIA and no differences between the two active substances tested were found. Great individual differences in the response to the two drugs were noted.
The Manchester regional screening programme: a 10-year exercise in patient and family care.
Authors: G M Komrower, I B Sardharwalla, B Fowler, C Bridge
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Up to the end of 1978 the Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit had screened 506821 babies for metabolic abnormalities over 10 years--98-99% of the children born in the region. Sixty-nine cases of phenylketonuria (PKU), 42 cases of histidinaemia, and six cases of homocystinuria were detected. As well as treating affected children, the staff of the unit have concentrated on providing full support for their families and maintaining good communications with parents, general practitioners, health visitors, and midwives. A clinic liaison sister has provided valuable support for health visitors and an important link between the unit and community services. A study of the costs of screening and treating cases of PKU for the year 1978 showed that this was cheaper, by pound 569000, than the costs of looking after patients with untreated PKU.
Rituximab blocks protective serologic response to influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccination in lymphoma patients during or within 6 months after treatment
Authors: Olav Erich Yri, Dag Torfoss, Olav Hungnes, Anne Tierens, Kristian Waalen, Tone Nordøy, Susanne Dudman, Anette Kilander, Karin Fahl Wader, Bjørn Østenstad, Roald Ekanger, Peter Meyer, Arne Kolstad
Journal: Blood (2011)
Skin Pores in Persian Medical Textbooks
Authors: Fatemeh Alizadeh, Fatemeh Moradi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Ontario excludes thousands of children from schools for lack of vaccination
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Canada’s most populous province, Ontario, has issued suspension notices to thousands of high school children who lack proof of vaccination in what is becoming an annual enforcement campaign aimed at school age children.

Three Canadian provinces, Ontario, Manitoba, and New Brunswick, have laws that demand vaccination records as a prerequisite for school attendance, as do all 50 US states. Ontario’s law covers vaccination against six diseases: measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, and polio. Discussions are under way to add pertussis and meningococcal disease. Ontario is the only Canadian province to have exercised its power to suspend students.

“It’s an extremely effective approach,” said Bill Sherlock, vaccine coordinator with the Hastings & Prince Edward Counties Health Unit, in southeast Ontario. “You can print all the pamphlets you like, but it doesn’t grab their attention in the same …
TWIN PREGNANCY: RUPTURE OF UTERUS: RECOVERY
Authors: A. H. Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1854)

ORIMAL -OMXUNTO U-. - tb to be plcd On ltg d amontthose nana- tives fom which tatistial ults of unqueionable cha ter may be deduced, yet, by combtion and mutual _pyiuion histories of this desription ul not be so diffi- ult to produce as you may imgine.In the matime, every individual htily engaged in i& an undertaking would derive incalculable benefi t from ths application of his powers, and the advaute would be hlt by if and his patients throughout the whole of his Carew.
Mutation analysis of TET2, IDH1, IDH2 and ASXL1 in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: C Roche-Lestienne, A Marceau, E Labis, O Nibourel, V Coiteux, J Guilhot, L Legros, F Nicolini, P Rousselot, M Gardembas, N Helevaut, C Frimat, F-X Mahon, F Guilhot, C Preudhomme
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
RENAL AND CIRCULATORY FACTORS IN THE EDEMA FORMATION OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 1
Authors: A. P. Briggs, D. M. Fowell, W. F. Hamilton, J. W. Remington, N. C. Wheeler, J. A. Winslow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

While many contributions have been made to the study of heart failure, the basic factor initiating the chain of events leading to edema formation in that condition remains unidentified.It is hoped that this report will present evidence which may prove useful in elucidating the problem.
Mechanoelectric feedback after left ventricular infarction in rats
Authors: I Kiseleva
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Background: Myocardial infarction can lead to electrical abnormalities and rhythm disturbances. However, there is limited data on the electrophysiological basis for these events. Since regional contraction abnormalities feature prominently in infarction, we investigated whether stretch of myocardium from the infarction borderzone can modulate the electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes via mechanoelectric feedback providing a mechanism for post-infarction arrhythmia. Methods: Five weeks after experimental myocardial infarction (MI) in rats due to ligation of the left coronary artery (n=26) or after sham operation (SO, n=16), action potentials (AP) were measured in left ventricular preparations from the infarction borderzone. Sustained stretch was applied via a micrometer. Results: Preparations from MI generated spontaneous electrical and contractile activity. Cardiomyocytes from MI had a comparable AP amplitude, a more negative resting membrane potential, and a prolonged AP duration (APD) when compared to SO. In SO, stretch of 150 μm increased the APD90. This was associated with stretch activated depolarizations near APD90 (SAD-90). In MI, significantly lower stretch, of only 20 μm, elicited SAD-90s, or SADs near APD50 (SAD-50). Stretch-induced events were suppressed by gadolinium, at a concentration (40 μM) normally used to inhibit stretch-activated channels. Conclusion: After MI, SADs are generated in the infarction borderzone at lower degrees of stretch. Increased sensitivity of the membrane potential of cardiac myocytes to mechanical stimuli may contribute to the high risk of arrhythmia after infarction. These SADs may involve the opening of stretch-activated channels.
Successful Treatment of Perianal Giant Condyloma Acuminatum in an Immunocompromised Host With Systemic Interleukin 2 and Topical Cidofovir
Authors: Vinod E. Nambudiri, Kudakwashe Mutyambizi, Andrew C. Walls, David C. Fisher, Ronald Bleday, Arturo P. Saavedra
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

A 46-year-old man presented for evaluation of large recurrent growths around the anus and rectum. He had been diagnosed as having chronic lymphocytic leukemia at age 36 years and was treated with fludarabine phosphate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab at age 42 years, with successful induction of remission. His disease returned 3 years later, and while undergoing chemotherapy with the same regimen, he developed perianal and penile skin lesions. The penile lesions cleared with serial treatment with cryotherapy, imiquimod, and sinecatechins, to which the perianal lesions were refractory. He underwent 2 surgical debulking procedures for the rapidly progressive perianal lesions, which exhibited aggressive regrowth within 2 weeks of each debulking.

Physical examination revealed a large (>10 cm in diameter), circumferential (but not occluding the rectum), exophytic, friable perianal mass with punctate bleeding, consistent with giant condyloma acuminatum (GCA). An adjacent 3-mm papule with corymbiform surface consistent with a common wart was also noted (Figure 1). The patient reported considerable rectal pain and bleeding due to the anal condyloma. The perianal mass demonstrated severe squamous dysplasia, with focal areas concerning for squamous cell carcinoma in situ on histopathologic examination. The remaining findings from examination were unremarkable.
FDA is to assess data linking type 2 diabetes drugs with pancreatitis
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The US Food and Drug Administration has taken the unusual stance of announcing that it will evaluate data provided to it by a group of unnamed independent researchers indicating that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based drugs used in type 2 diabetes could raise the risk of pancreatitis and precancerous pancreatic lesions.

According to the FDA’s statement the data indicate an increased risk of pancreatitis and cellular changes called pancreatic duct metaplasia in people with type 2 diabetes who are treated with the drugs, which are incretin mimetics.1 However, the FDA emphasized that it has not reached any new conclusions about the safety of the drugs, nor has it “concluded …
Introduction to the Papers on the Provision of Health Services
Authors: HENRY D. MCINTOSH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Article1 November 1968Introduction to the Papers on the Provision of Health ServicesHENRY D. MCINTOSH, M.D., F.A.C.P.HENRY D. MCINTOSH, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-69-5-949 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDr. Eugene A. Stead, Jr., has devoted a life to providing health services. Turning raw manpower into teachers, scientists, consultants, or family physicians has always excited him. Yet, Dr. Stead has long realized that health services cannot be provided by a one-to-one relationship—that is, one doctor to one patient. Years ago he included student nurses as a part of his teaching program. He made the Hanes program possible, whereby nurses could function as consultants in patient care and be recompensed for such services. He demonstrated that even a local fireman could be trained to function on the health team in...Reference1. STEAD EA: Health manpower. Med. Times 95: 116, 1967. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Durham, North Carolina PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1968Volume 69, Issue 5Page: 949-949KeywordsMedical servicesPatientsScientists Issue Published: 1 November 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Plasma Proteins. Volume II: Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Alterations in Disease
Authors: Carl V. Moore
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The second volume of this two-volume work, containing 10 chapters each by a different author, provides a sophisticated compilation of current information on the physiology, pathologic alterations, and genetic control of the plasma proteins. The book will probably be of greatest usefulness as a reference work for investigators in the medical sciences, but clinicians and teachers interested in the mechanism of disease will find it a gold mine of information not readily available in any other single source. There are, for instance, clear discussions of the various lipoproteins, of the proteins which bind circulating hormones, of turnover rates, of the abnormal serum globulins, and of genetic differences so far recognized in the plasma proteins. An excellent table of the various plasma enzymes is provided. Bibliographic documentation is uniformly good. The editor, by arranging for an exchange of outlines—and sometimes of manuscripts— among the contributors, has achieved a unity of presentation
Proliferative responses of the skin to external stimuli.
Authors: F Marks, G Fürstenberger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

The skin, in particular the epidermis, offers unique opportunities to investigate the induction and control of cellular proliferation and tissue homeostasis both under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Moreover, it represents one of the most feasible model systems for experimental cancer research. As the primary border of the body, the skin has important protective and defensive functions. A general response to external injury consists of a thickening of the epithelial layer (epidermal hyperplasia) combined with an inflammatory reaction. This hyperplastic transformation of the skin is a critical condition of skin tumor development (i.e., conversion and promotion) and of the wound response. It is believed to be due to a transformation of keratinocytes into an activated state characterized by an increased rate of proliferation and the ability to release a series of growth factors and other cytokines that coordinate the defense reaction (e.g., hyperproliferation, recruitment of leukocytes, activation of the immune system) along auto- and paracrine feedback loops. The initial and probably later phases of this response depend critically on a local release of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins and lipoxygenase-generated factors. A unique reaction seen upon phorbol ester treatment of mouse skin is a strong induction of the enzyme 8-lipoxygenase, which might be involved in skin tumor development by catalyzing the generation of clastogenic metabolites thought to play a role in the conversion stage. Hyperplasia may be considered to be the result of an imbalance between the rates of cell gain and cell loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Felodipine-induced eruptive telangiectasia following mastectomy and radiotherapy
Authors: F. Al-Niaimi, C. Lyon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Felodipine‐induced eruptive telangiectasia following mastectomy and radiotherapy Get access F. Al‐Niaimi, F. Al‐Niaimi Department of Dermatology, Salford Royal Hospital Trust, Manchester, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Lyon C. Lyon Department of Dermatology, York Hospital, York, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 1, 1 January 2010, Pages 210–211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09497.x Published: 01 January 2010
A possible mechanism of increased sodium influx in red cells with abnormal membrane lipid levels induced by phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>
Authors: Masashi Hashimoto, Yoshihito Yawata
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract Membrane transport—sodium (Na + ) influx and calcium (Ca 2+ ) uptake—was examined in human mature red cells treated with phospholipase A 2 (PLase A 2 ) from snake venom. PLase A 2 ‐induced conversion of phosphatidyl choline (PC) to lysophosphatidyl choline (L‐PC) was associated with a marked increase in Na + influx and Ca 2+ uptake. After L‐PC was removed from the cell membrane of the PLase A 2 ‐treated red cells in the presence of albumin, an additional increase in Ca 2+ transport was observed. These results indicate that membrane lipid abnormalities, such as increased L‐PC and/or a loss of total lipids, appear to induce increased membrane transport.
Association of Posttherapy Positron Emission Tomography With Tumor Response and Survival in Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Julie K. Schwarz, Barry A. Siegel, Farrokh Dehdashti, Perry W. Grigsby
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Retrospective studies have demonstrated that the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in the posttherapy evaluation of patients with cervical carcinoma is predictive of survival outcome.To validate the association between the metabolic response on the 3-month posttherapy FDG-PET and long-term survival outcome.A prospective cohort study designed to validate our previous finding that the results of a 3-month posttherapy FDG-PET are predictive of long-term clinical outcome. A total of 92 women were treated with external irradiation, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy from January 2003 through September 2006. Posttherapy whole-body FDG-PET was performed 2 to 4 months (mean, 3 months) after completion of therapy.The primary outcome end points were metabolic response, progression-free survival, and cause-specific survival.Posttherapy FDG-PET showed a complete metabolic response in 65 patients (70%), a partial metabolic response in 15 (16%), and progressive disease in 12 (13%). Their 3-year progression-free survival rates were 78%, 33%, and 0%, respectively (P < .001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the hazard ratio (HR) for risk of recurrence based on the posttherapy metabolic response showing progressive disease was 32.57 (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.22-103.82). A partial metabolic response had an HR of 6.30 (95% CI, 2.73-14.56). These were more predictive of survival outcome than the pretreatment lymph node status (HR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.54-8.09).In this single-site study population of women with cervical cancer, 3-month posttherapy FDG uptake, as detected by whole-body PET, was predictive of survival.
Pigment-Epithelium–Derived Factor — A Key Coordinator of Retinal Neuronal and Vascular Functions
Authors: G L King, K Suzuma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Precise regulation of vascular development is critical in the eye, where a few microns' deviation can cause blood vessels to move into normally avascular areas such as the cornea, vitreous, and fovea, thereby diminishing vision. Ample vascular supply is essential in the retina, which is one of the most metabolically active tissues in the body. The retina, which consists of cell layers that are less than 1 mm thick, is nourished by two vascular beds: the choriocapillaris in the posterior region and the retinal vasculature in the region beneath the vitreous. Separating these two vascular beds are Bruch's membrane and . . .
Bacterial Meningitis in the United States, 1978 Through 1981
Authors: Walter F. Schlech
Journal: JAMA (1985)

From 1977 to 1981, 18,642 cases of bacterial meningitis were reported to the Centers for Disease Control. We analyzed data from 27 states with full participation from 1978 through 1981. Hemophilus influenzae was the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis (48.3%), followed by Neisseria meningitidis (19.6%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (13.3%). Overall attack rates for males were greater than for females (3.3 v 2.6 cases per 10(5) population per year). Attack rates were highest in children under 1 year of age (76.7 per 10(5) population per year). Case-fatality ratios were highest for gram-negative and miscellaneous causes of bacterial meningitis (33.7%) and lowest for meningitis caused by H influenzae (6.0%). Neisseria meningitidis and S pneumonia meningitis occurred preponderantly during the winter, while H influenzae meningitis had peak activity in the spring and fall. Ampicillin resistance among H influenzae increased from 18.7% in 1978, to 23.9% in 1981. Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis was the most common serogroup identified during the reporting period (51.1%), followed by serogroup C (22.3%), serogroup Y (5.8%), and serogroup A (4.7%) infections.
Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in Europeans and Asians after oral vitamin D3.
Authors: G Ellis, W T Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD3) were measured in seven Asians of Indian extraction and eight Europeans before and at intervals after taking 1 mg vitamin D3 by mouth. In all subjects the concentrations rose in the 24 hours after ingestion. There was little change over the next nine days in the concentrations in the Europeans but those in the Asians continued to rise until about day 10. Subsequent rates of fall in 25-OHD3 were similar in the two groups. Our observations suggest that the low serum concentrations of 25-OHD3 found in Asians are not caused by either impaired intestinal absorption of vitamin D or rapid clearance of 25-ODH3 from the plasma.
Extracellular amyloid formation and associated pathology in neural grafts
Authors: Melanie Meyer-Luehmann, Martina Stalder, Martin C. Herzig, Stephan A. Kaeser, Esther Kohler, Michelle Pfeifer, Sonia Boncristiano, Paul M. Mathews, Marc Mercken, Dorothee Abramowski, Matthias Staufenbiel, Mathias Jucker
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2003)