tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship between microvasculature damage and myocardial inotropic reserve in patients with stunning and in patients with nonviable myocardium after primary PTCA for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Philippe Garot, Olivier Pascal, Jean-Luc Monin, Marc Simon, Patrick Dupouy, Emmanuel Teiger, Jéróme Garot, Pascal Guéret, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Determination of Neuronal Antibodies in Suspected and Definite Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Authors: Oriol Grau-Rivera, Raquel Sánchez-Valle, Albert Saiz, José Luis Molinuevo, Reyes Bernabé, Elvira Munteis, Francesc Pujadas, Antoni Salvador, Júlia Saura, Antonio Ugarte, Maarten Titulaer, Josep Dalmau, Francesc Graus
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

IMPORTANCE Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and autoimmune encephalitis with antibodies against neuronal surface antigens (NSA-abs) may present with similar clinical features.Establishing the correct diagnosis has practical implications in the management of care for these patients.OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of NSA-abs in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with suspected CJD and in patients with pathologically confirmed (ie, definite) CJD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA mixed prospective (suspected) and retrospective (definite) CJD cohort study was conducted in a reference center for detection of NSA-abs.The population included 346 patients with suspected CJD and 49 patients with definite CJD. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESAnalysis of NSA-abs in cerebrospinal fluid with brain immunohistochemistry optimized for cell-surface antigens was performed.Positive cases in the suspected CJD group were further studied for antigen specificity using cell-based assays.All definite CJD cases were comprehensively tested for NSA-abs, with cell-based assays used for leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1), contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), and glycine (GlY) receptors. RESULTSNeuronal surface antigens were detected in 6 of 346 patients (1.7%) with rapid neurologic deterioration suggestive of CJD.None of these 6 patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for probable or possible CJD.The target antigens included CASPR2, LGI1, NMDAR, aquaporin 4, Tr (DNER [δ/notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor]), and an unknown protein.Four of the patients developed rapidly progressive dementia, and the other 2 patients had cerebellar ataxia or seizures that were initially considered to be myoclonus without cognitive decline.The patient with Tr-abs had a positive 14-3-3 test result.Small cell lung carcinoma was diagnosed in the patient with antibodies against an unknown antigen.All patients improved or stabilized after appropriate treatment.None of the 49 patients with definite CJD had NSA-abs.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A low, but clinically relevant, number of patients with suspected CJD had potentially treatable disorders associated with NSA-abs.In contrast, none of 49 patients with definite CJD had NSA-abs, including NMDAR-abs, GlyR-abs, LGI1-abs, or CASPR2-abs.These findings suggest that cerebrospinal fluid NSA-abs analysis should be included in the diagnostic workup of patients with rapidly progressive central nervous system syndromes, particularly when they do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria of probable or possible CJD.
Mitochondria as Targets for Nitric Oxide–Induced Protection During Simulated Ischemia and Reoxygenation in Isolated Neonatal Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Roby D. Rakhit, Mart H. Mojet, Michael S. Marber, Michael R. Duchen
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —As shown previously, exposure to NO donors initiates protective mechanisms in cardiomyocytes that persist after removal of the donor, a form of pharmacological preconditioning. Because NO also affects mitochondrial respiration, we studied the effect of NO on mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake. Methods and Results —Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes in primary culture were exposed to 1 hour of simulated ischemia and 1 hour of reoxygenation (sI/R). Pretreatment with the NO donor S -nitroso- N -acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) (1 mmol/L for 90 minutes), followed by washing and incubation for 10 to 30 minutes, reduced sI/R-induced cell death to 25.4% compared with control (propidium iodide exclusion assay, P &lt;0.001). Short (10-second) exposures to SNAP reversibly suppressed mitochondrial respiration without a detectable change in mitochondrial potential. In contrast, treatment with SNAP for 90 minutes caused a modest but sustained mitochondrial depolarization, as judged by JC-1 fluorescence. SNAP pretreatment limited cellular Ca 2+ overload during ischemia (fura-2 ratio rose to 226±40% versus 516±170% of baseline, n=5, P &lt;0.05) and prevented loss of cell membrane integrity during reoxygenation. SNAP pretreatment also significantly reduced the ability of mitochondria to accumulate Ca 2+ in the face of a similar cytosolic Ca 2+ load (peak rhod-2 fluorescence 133±4% versus 166±7% of baseline at similar fluo-3 levels, P =0.0004, n=52 and 25, respectively). Conclusions —Pretreatment with an NO donor induces a modest, sustained mitochondrial depolarization and protects cardiomyocytes from sI/R injury. The demonstrated reduction in mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake possibly reduces cytosolic Ca 2+ overload, providing a likely mechanism for NO-induced protection.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Common Atrial Flutter
Authors: F. Anselme, N. Saoudi, H. Poty, R. Douillet, A. Cribier
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Creation of a complete bidirectional inferior vena cava-tricuspid annulus isthmus block (CBIB) by radiofrequency catheter ablation is now a well-accepted criterion for prevention of common atrial flutter (AFl) recurrences. However, some patients still complain of palpitations after ablation, and it is not known whether these are related to AFl recurrences or to other arrhythmias.Among 100 consecutive patients referred to our institution for AFl ablation, CBIB was created in 83. There were 54 patients (group A) in whom AFl was the only documented arrhythmia before ablation and 29 patients (group B) in whom atrial fibrillation (AFib) had been documented in addition to AFl. An electrophysiological control study was performed in 40 patients 1 to 3 months after ablation. Arrhythmic events, medications, and functional status were evaluated at midterm follow-up (n=77; 14. 7+/-8.4 months; range, 4 to 34 months). The SF-36 questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist--Frequency and Severity Scale specific for cardiac arrhythmia were used to assess quality of life in 63 patients at long-term follow-up (27.1+/-8.5 months). Recurrence of AFl was documented in only 1 patient 6 months after ablation. AFib was recorded in 28 patients (36.4%), and atypical AFl was found in 3 patients. Thirty-two group A patients (66.7%) and 17 group B patients (58.6%) were still arrhythmia free at midterm follow-up. Even at long-term follow-up and in group B patients, AFl ablation was followed by a clear improvement in quality of life.Palpitations after creation of CBIB are due mostly to AFib but not to AFl recurrence. This technique provides a significant and persistent clinical benefit and may suppress all atrial arrhythmia in a subset of patients suffering from both AFl and AFib.
Proactive maintenance therapy with a topical corticosteroid for vulvar lichen sclerosus: preliminary results of a randomized study
Authors: A. Virgili, S. Minghetti, A. Borghi, M. Corazza
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The chronic and relapsing nature of vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) represents a challenge for its long-term management after an effective treatment with topical corticosteroids.To assess the effectiveness of proactive, twice-weekly application of mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment, compared with daily topical vitamin E or cold cream, in keeping VLS in remission and reducing the risk of relapse after 3 months of treatment with topical corticosteroid.In total, 27 patients affected with VLS were enrolled into a 12-week active treatment phase (AP) with topical mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment once daily. Those who achieved disease remission entered a 52-week maintenance phase (MP) in which patients were randomized to apply either mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment twice weekly, a cold cream once daily or topical vitamin E once daily. The primary efficacy parameters were the relapse rate and the mean time to relapse.Twenty-five patients considered to have been completely or almost completely healed after the AP entered the MP. By the end of the 52-week MP, 10 patients (40%) experienced a relapse: five in the vitamin E group (56%) and five in the cold cream group (62%), while no patient in the mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment group had a relapse. The occurrence of VLS relapse for patients in therapy with both vitamin E and cold cream was significantly higher than for those in proactive therapy with topical corticosteroid. The median time to relapse was the same (21·6 weeks) for the vitamin E and the emollient groups.Once VLS has been stabilized with topical corticosteroids, twice-weekly proactive application of mometasone furoate 0·1% ointment over 56 weeks was found to be an effective and safe therapy option in maintaining VLS remission and in preventing the occurrence of relapse.
Homocystinuria due to cystathionine synthase deficiency. Studies of nitrogen balance and sulfur excretion.
Authors: J R Poole, S H Mudd, E B Conerly, W A Edwards
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Apparent nitrogen balances and urinary sulfur excretions were determined for normal subjects, seven cystathionine synthase-deficient patients, and a single cystathioninuric patient on semisynthetic diets containing low-adequate amounts of methionine and very low amounts of methionine and very low amounts (12 mg daily, or less) of cystine. The amounts of supplemental cystine required to prevent abnormally high nitrogen or sulfur losses were determined. The five cystathionine synthase-deficient patients who had low residual activities of this enzyme detected in fibroblast and/or liver extracts did not lose more nitrogen or sulfur on diets virtually devoid of cystine than did the normal subjects. These results suggest that the widely expressed opinion that cystine is an essential amino acid for cystathionine syntase-deficient patients requires modification. Residual enzyme activity of only a few percent of normal may obviate such a cystine requirement. These results are compatible with, and lend support to, the working hypothesis which states that the pyridoxine response in cystathionine synthase-deficient patients is mediated by an increase in the residual activity of the affected enzyme.
Constitutive production of inflammatory and mitogenic cytokines by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts.
Authors: R Bucala, C Ritchlin, R Winchester, A Cerami
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Conditioned media obtained from fibroblasts cultured from rheumatoid and certain other inflammatory synovia were observed to stimulate [3H]thymidine incorporation in an indicator murine fibroblast line. Synovial fibroblasts derived from the joints of patients with osteoarthritis did not display this property. This effect persisted in culture for many weeks and occurred in the absence of co-stimulatory immune cells. Antibody neutralization studies implicated a role for basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in the increased proliferative activity of synovial fibroblast-conditioned media. Synovial cell synthesis of bFGF, TGF beta 1, GM-CSF, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 was confirmed by 35S-methionine labeling and immunoprecipitation. The constitutive production of inflammatory and mitogenic cytokines by synovial fibroblasts may represent the result of long-term, phenotypic changes that occurred in vivo. Persistent cytokine production by synovial fibroblasts may play an important role in the continued recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells in chronic arthritis and in the formation of rheumatoid pannus.
Erratum: Sporadic and reversible chromothripsis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia revealed by longitudinal genomic analysis
Authors: L Bassaganyas, S Beà, G Escaramís, C Tornador, I Salaverria, L Zapata, O Drechsel, P G Ferreira, B Rodriguez-Santiago, J M C Tubio, A Navarro, D Martín-García, C López, A Martínez-Trillos, A López-Guillermo, M Gut, S Ossowski, C López-Otín, E Campo, X Estivill
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Randomized Trial of a Literacy-Sensitive, Culturally Tailored Diabetes Self-Management Intervention for Low-Income Latinos
Authors: Milagros C. Rosal, Ira S. Ockene, Angela Restrepo, Mary Jo White, Amy Borg, Barbara Olendzki, Jeffrey Scavron, Lucy Candib, Garry Welch, George Reed
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

To test whether a theory-based, literacy, and culturally tailored self-management intervention, Latinos en Control, improves glycemic control among low-income Latinos with type 2 diabetes.A total of 252 patients recruited from community health centers were randomized to the Latinos en Control intervention or to usual care. The primarily group-based intervention consisted of 12 weekly and 8 monthly sessions and targeted knowledge, attitudes, and self-management behaviors. The primary outcome was HbA(1c). Secondary outcomes included diet, physical activity, blood glucose self-monitoring, diabetes knowledge and self-efficacy, and other physiological factors (e.g., lipids, blood pressure, and weight). Measures were collected at baseline and at 4- and 12-month follow-up. Change in outcomes over time between the groups and the association between HbA(1c) and possible mediators were estimated using mixed-effects models and an intention-to-treat approach.A significant difference in HbA(1c) change between the groups was observed at 4 months (intervention -0.88 [-1.15 to -0.60] versus control -0.35 [-0.62 to 0.07], P < 0.01), although this difference decreased and lost statistical significance at 12 months (intervention -0.46 [-0.77 to -0.13] versus control -0.20 [-0.53 to 0.13], P = 0.293). The intervention resulted in significant change differences in diabetes knowledge at 12 months (P = 0.001), self-efficacy (P = 0.001), blood glucose self-monitoring (P = 0.02), and diet, including dietary quality (P = 0.01), kilocalories consumed (P < 0.001), percentage of fat (P = 0.003), and percentage of saturated fat (P = 0.04). These changes were in turn significantly associated with HbA(1c) change at 12 months.Literacy-sensitive, culturally tailored interventions can improve diabetes control among low-income Latinos; however, strategies to sustain improvements are needed.
Intestinal bowel perforation and bacterial peritonitis secondary to migrated biliary and pancreatic stents
Authors: T. Seerden, T. Moreels, R. Salgado, S. Francque, P. Michielsen, P. Parizel, P. Pelckmans
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Intestinal bowel perforation by migrated biliary or pancreatic stent is a rare complication that can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. We report two patients with intestinal perforation and bacterial peritonitis secondary to a migrated stent from the common bile duct and pancreatic duct.
Abstract B9: Abnormalities in cellular and humoral immunity in breast cancer patients resistant to endocrine therapy.
Authors: Eva Zavadova, Bohuslav Konopasek, Michal Vocka, Michaela Miskovicova, Jan Spacek, Terezie Fucikova, Lubos Petruzelka
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Defects in the immune response correlated with poor prognosis and therefore in recent years, research focused on a precise description of the status and function of the immune system and its possible effect in cancer patients. Although more than 2/3 of treated patients respond to the endocrine therapy, most patients with metastatic breast cancer will develop resistance.. It appears that other factor contributing to the resistance may be a transforming factor-beta (TGF-beta). It is highly immunosuppressive factor that inhibits the natural and specific immunity against tumors and stimulates production of vascular endothelial growth factor /VEGF. The purpose of the study was to monitor immune responses in patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer resistant to hormone therapy, particularly the examination of cellular (CD4, CD8, HLA-DR) as well as humoral immunity. TGF beta, and VEGF production was monitored and we analyzed the changes during hormonal treatment. Methods: 85 patients included in the research project were implemented routine cancer treatment with endocrine therapy. Basic parameters (histological type and grade, the degree of expression of ER and PR, HER2, and the proliferative marker) were established. Patients were evaluated by a cancer clinical immunologist to exclude immune disorders, allergic or autoimmune origin. TGF beta, VEGF were measured by ELISA and anti-tumor cellular immunity (CD4, CD8, antigen presenting cells ) were measured by flow cytometry. Results In patients with resistance to endocrine therapy mainly depression in cellular immunity was found. Immunglobulin plasma level was decreased as well (mainly IgG4 subtype). Most patients have shown clinical symptoms of immunodeficiency (frequent infections of respiratory or urinary tract, herpetic infections) TGF beta as well as VEGF plasma level were increased. Significant increase of autoantibodies production was found, particularly in those, involved into blood coagulation process/anti phospholipide and anti cardiolipin autoantibodies. Conclusion Correlation of these factors with resistance to hormonal therapy, and the state of anticancer immunity could help in the future with the prediction of resistance to hormonal therapy and contribute to the selection of targeted immune therapy in cancer patients. Dedication: This project was supported by grant IGA NT11168-3/2010. Citation Format: Eva Zavadova, Bohuslav Konopasek, Michal Vocka, Michaela Miskovicova, Jan Spacek, Terezie Fucikova, Lubos Petruzelka. Abnormalities in cellular and humoral immunity in breast cancer patients resistant to endocrine therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B9.
* Are uk gastroenterology trainees confident in managing hepatology?
Authors: I. Patanwala, A. Haycock, M. Hudson
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Trainee self-reported confidence levels have been used to assess adequacy of training and identify areas in training programs that are in need of improvement1. Currently, there is no data on how confident UK gastroenterology trainees are in managing various liver related conditions. <h3>Methods</h3> We surveyed all trainees in gastroenterology and hepatology in UK in March 2010 using an online questionnaire. Information on whether trainees felt confident about managing various liver related conditions encountered in everyday practice and in tertiary level care was collected and data analysed using MS Excel and SPSS. <h3>Results</h3> 283 of 489 (58%) trainees responded. There was no statistical difference in the proportion of trainees in each year of training from year 1 to year 5 (p=0.185). 91% of respondents were specialist trainees or specialist registrars. The proportion of trainees lacking confidence in managing routinely encountered liver related illness (abnormal liver function tests, decompensated Chronic liver disease, medical management of portal hypertension, Insertion of a Sengstaken Blakemore tube for acute variceal bleeding), specialised liver related illness encountered in secondary care (alcoholic hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatorenal syndrome, treatment of acute liver failure in a secondary care setting, referral for TIPS and referral for OLTx consideration) and those encountered in tertiary/specialised hepatology centres (long term management of a liver transplant recipient and managing acute liver failure in a tertiary care environment including management of liver disease in critical care) decreased as the total time spent in training increased. Exposure to training in a liver unit providing comprehensive liver services significantly decreased the proportion of trainees that lacked confidence in managing these conditions. However, even with such training, almost 1 in 10 trainees in year 4 or more did not feel confident about inserting a Sengstaken Blakemore tube, managing acute liver failure in secondary care, managing alcoholic hepatitis or referring for OLT and TIPSS; 1 in 3 was not confident about managing liver disease in the critical care setting and about half were not confident about being able to manage acute liver failure in a tertiary care setting. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The hepatology component of the unified gastroenterology-hepatology training in the UK is lacking in advanced hepatology training. Incorporating liver unit level hepatology exposure into every trainees curriculum, to both increase and standardise hepatology training throughout the UK should be mandatory.
Towards positive diagnosis of the irritable bowel.
Authors: A P Manning, W G Thompson, K W Heaton, A F Morris
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A questionnaire to establish the presence of 15 symptoms thought to be typical of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was given to 109 unselected patients referred to gastroenterology or surgery clinics with abdominal pain or a change in bowel habit or both. Review of case records 17--26 months later established a definite diagnosis of IBS in 32 patients and of organic disease in 33. Four symptoms were significantly more common among patients with IBS--namely, distension, relief of pain with bowel movement, and looser and more frequent bowel movements with the onset of pain. Mucus and a sensation of incomplete evacuation were also common in these patients. The more of these symptoms that were present the more likely was it that the patient's pain or altered bowel habit, or both, was due to IBS. We conclude that a careful history can increase diagnostic confidence and reduce the amount of investigation in many patients with chronic abdominal pain.
Specific IgE to recombinant vegetal panallergen (rBet v 2) and fruit allergy in pollinic patients
Authors: A. Daschner, J. F. Crespo, C. Y. Pascual
Journal: Allergy (1998)

The presence of IgE antibodies to the allergens rBet v 1 and rBet v 2 was investigated in patients with known sensitization to ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and/or olive (Olea europaea) pollen, by comparing a group of 10 patients who had allergic symptoms after ingestion of fruits (A) with a group of 17 patients who had only seasonal respiratory symptoms (B). There was no significant difference between the two groups for total IgE. All patients showed specific IgE to both L. perenne and O. europaea. No specific IgE binding to rBet v 1 was detected in any patient. The incidence of the presence of IgE antibodies to rBet v 2 was 90% in the group with fruit allergy (A) and 35% in group B. We found a significant association between presence of IgE antibodies to rBet v 2 and fruit allergy (P = 0.007). Specific IgE values to O. europaea pollen were higher in the fruit-allergy group than the group without fruit allergy (P = 0.032). In conclusion, pollen-allergic patients with specific IgE to birch pollen profilin show a significantly elevated frequency of fruit allergy.