tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
General joint hypermobility and temporomandibular joint derangement in adolescents.
Authors: L Westling, A Mattiasson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Joint mobility was assessed in each member of an epidemiological sample of 96 girls and 97 boys, 17 years old, and graded by means of the hypermobility score of Beighton et al. Twenty two per cent of the girls and 3% of the boys could perform five or more of the nine manoeuvres. The prevalence of symptoms and signs of internal derangement in the temporomandibular joint was higher in adolescents with hypermobility of joints (score greater than or equal to 5/9). In subjects with a high mobility score oral parafunctions (overuse) correlated more strongly with several signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorder than in those with a low score.
Multiple myeloma–related deregulation of bone marrow–derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Ingmar Bruns, Ron-Patrick Cadeddu, Ines Brueckmann, Julia Fröbel, Stefanie Geyh, Sebastian Büst, Johannes C. Fischer, Frederik Roels, Christian Matthias Wilk, Frank A. Schildberg, Ali-Nuri Hünerlitürkoglu, Christoph Zilkens, Marcus Jäger, Ulrich Steidl, Fabian Zohren, Roland Fenk, Guido Kobbe, Benedict Brors, Akos Czibere, Thomas Schroeder, Andreas Trumpp, Rainer Haas
Journal: Blood (2012)
"Polymorphonuclear Leucopenia" A Proposed Classification
Authors: J. SHIRLEY SWEENEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 November 1930"Polymorphonuclear Leucopenia" A Proposed ClassificationJ. SHIRLEY SWEENEY, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.P.J. SHIRLEY SWEENEY, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-5-494 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAgranulocytosis was first reported by Schultz in 1922. In the last seven years, many observers have added cases. The number has amounted now to nearly one hundred cases1. When one reviews the literature on this disease, he is impressed with its protean manifestations. Blumer2 has recently drawn attention to the fact that all cases do not conform to Schultz' original description. One finds cases without anginal lesions, with anemia, with only moderate reduction of white cells, etc. The natural inference is, therefore, that agranulocytosis as an entity has not been completely described.Much has been written in an effort to...References1 POTTS JB: Arch. Otolaryngology, Vol. 9, No. 3, March 1929. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 BLUMER G: Amer. Jour. Med. Sc., Jan. 1930. Google Scholar3 ROSEHOUSER EKM: Arch. Int. Med., April 1929. Google Scholar4 FARLEY DL: Amer. J. Med. Sc., Feb. 1930, Vol. 179, p. 214-227. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5 GORDON WH: Annals of Int. Med., Vol. 3, No. 10, April, 1930. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. SHIRLEY SWEENEY, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Dallas, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1930Volume 4, Issue 5Page: 494-497KeywordsAnemiaCellsLesions ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Embryos created for stem cell research
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Researchers from the Jones Institute, a private infertility clinic in Virginia, United States, have disclosed that they have created human embryos for the explicit purpose of harvesting them for stem cells (Fertility and Sterility 2001;76:125-31). The embryos were then destroyed.

This move marks the first known time that egg and sperm donors have been recruited specifically to produce embryos for stem cell harvesting. This runs counter to current recommendations from the National Bioethics Advisory Commission, the National Institutes of Health, and the ethics advisory board of the European Commission.

Previously, stem cells derived from human embryos were harvested from “left over” frozen embryos created by in vitro fertilisation (IVF) for sterile couples.

The …
Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Norman L. Browse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

It is pertinent, in view of the recent surge of interest in the problems of venous thromboembolism, to ask if it is possible to prevent pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis. The answer to this question is a qualified "Yes." Although many people still die of pulmonary embolism it is undeniable that the discovery of heparin in the 1930's provided drugs that can reduce the incidence of this disease. Scientific proof of the efficacy of anticoagulant prophylaxis was not established until Sevitt and Gallagher1 showed that oral anticoagulants given to patients who had suffered severe trauma definitely reduced the incidence . . .
ABC of diseases of liver, pancreas, and biliary system: Other causes of parenchymal liver disease
Authors: S D Ryder
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Autoimmune hepatitis is a relatively uncommon disease that mainly affects young women. The usual presentation is with fatigue, pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, and polymyalgia or arthralgia associated with abnormal results of liver function tests. Other autoimmune diseases are present in 17% of patients with classic autoimmune hepatitis, predominantly thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.

About 40% of patients with autoimmune hepatitis present acutely with jaundice 



Use of genetic analysis to screen family members for haemochromatosis. The index case was a 45 year old man who presented with cirrhosis. His brothers were asymptomatic and had no clinical abnormalities. However, the brother who had inherited two abnormal genes (282YY) was found to have extensive iron loading on liver biopsy



Autoimmune hepatitis is an important diagnosis as immunosuppressive drugs (prednisolone and azathioprine) produce lasting remission and an excellent prognosis. Although the condition can produce transient jaundice that seems to resolve totally, the process can continue at a subclinical level producing cirrhosis and irreversible liver failure. The diagnosis is based on detection of autoantibodies (antinuclear antibodies (60% positive), antismooth muscle antibodies (70%)) and high titres of immunoglobulins (present in almost all patients, usually IgG).

Metabolic liver disease rarely presents as jaundice, and when it does the patient probably has end stage chronic liver disease.

### Haemochromatosis

Haemochromatosis is the commonest inherited liver disease in the United Kingdom. It affects about 1 in 200 of the population and is 10 times more common than cystic fibrosis. Haemochromatosis produces iron overload, and patients usually present with cirrhosis or diabetes due to excessive iron deposits in the liver or pancreas. The genetic defect responsible is a single base change at a locus of the HFE gene on chromosome 6, with this defect responsible for over 90% of cases in the United Kingdom. Genetic …
Boogie Woogie
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5570: An affinity lectin chromatography approach to characterize N-linked glycoproteome in metastatic osteosarcoma
Authors: Ricardo J. Flores, Yiting Li, Serrine S. Lau, Eastwood Leung, Ching C. Lau, Tsz-Kwong Man
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer in children and adolescents. Approximately 20% of OS patients have clinically detectable metastasis at the time of diagnosis, which is the most consistent indicator of poor outcome. Therefore, an easy-to-use and sensitive method is urgently needed to detect and monitor metastatic patients in order to offer an intensified or personalized therapy. By analyzing glycoproteins in OS cells, we may identify biomarkers that would help detect early metastasis and shed light on how this cancer develops. Thus, we used a tumor-targeted glycoproteomic approach in order to identify metastasis-associated glycoproteins in OS cells, and test if these can be used as blood biomarkers to indicate metastasis or spread of disease at diagnosis. In this pilot study, we have analyzed a previously established human OS metastatic cell line (LM7). We captured a specific subset of N-linked glycoproteins from LM7 cells by Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA) affinity chromatography. Subsequently, we identified the captured glycoproteins by a multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT). In addition, two samples with or without PNGase treatment were tested to estimate the impact of protein glycosylation on the MS/MS analysis. A total of 121 and 368 unique peptides were identified in the non-treated and PNGase treated samples, respectively. All of the proteins identified with two or more distinct peptides were predicted to have potential N-linked glycosylation sites, and 57% of these were found to have one or more typical Asn-X-Ser/Thr N-glycosylation sites. Many of the identified glycoproteins are known to be involved in tumorigenesis. To this end, we have optimized the affinity lectin chromatography and mass spectrometry to capture and identify N-linked glycoproteins in metastatic osteosarcoma cells. Differentially expressed glycoproteins in metastatic OS will be further identified by comparing LM7 with a non-metastatic control. The candidate biomarkers will be validated in the plasma and tumor samples collected from OS patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5570.
The Nontherapeutic Use of Psychoactive Drugs
Authors: Armand M. Nicholi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Abstract The current widespread nontherapeutic use of psychoactive drugs began among a small group of college students in the early 1960s. It spread with explosive force into an epidemic of extraordinary scope involving all regions of the country, all socioeconomic classes, and all age groups. This article reviews the drugs currently used and identifies those who use them. It discusses the complex, rapidly changing patterns of use and the consequences of this epidemic for both the individual and the society. The inhalants, phencyclidine, cocaine, heroin, the psychotherapeutics (methaqualone and amphetamine), and marijuana are the most widely used drugs. Recent clinical and laboratory research indicates that these drugs pose serious hazards to physical and mental health. Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug; one quarter of the entire U.S. population have used the drug, and 20 million people use it daily. The short-term and long-term adverse effects of marijuana have important social implications. Recent data suggest that drug users possess limited inner resources to cope with psychological stress and that they take drugs to fill a moral and spiritual void and to meet intense emotional needs. It is proposed that these character traits and emotional conflicts of drug users may reflect recent changes in child rearing and family stability. (N Engl J Med 1983; 308:925–33.)
NHS introduces dementia advisers to improve support for patients and families
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Dementia advisers have been introduced in 22 areas of England to provide patients and their families with more support through the course of the illness, with a further 18 sites testing other types of support networks, the Department of Health announced this week.

Announcing the launch of the programme, Phil Hope, the care services minister, said, “This is the beginning of real change to transform the lives of people with dementia. We know that people with dementia and their families are under huge strain. Dementia advisers will be there for them when they need help, from diagnosis onwards.”

The introduction of dementia advisers is one of the measures set out …
Licensure and International Medical Graduates
Authors: Arthur Osteen
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Since 1988, at least 12 bills directed toward prohibiting discrimination against graduates of foreign medical schools have been introduced in Congress. Earlier bills were primarily concerned with the endorsement of licenses to practice medicine. More recent bills have dealt with discrimination in residency appointment and in employment. The legislative proposals have led to lively debate over the actual extent of discrimination against international medical graduates (IMGs), particularly by licensing boards. The debate includes the extent to which the perceived problem results from differences in legislation and rules among licensing boards and from the board's local focus. Certainly, the perception of discrimination exists and is taken seriously by IMGs. An unpublished survey undertaken by the American Medical Association (AMA) Advisory Committee on International Medical Graduates in June 1990 indicates that 83% of IMGs consider antidiscrimination legislation to be the most important goal for IMG organizations. At the outset, it should be
Effect of Insulin on the Performance and Metabolism of the Anoxic Isolated Perfused Rat Heart
Authors: ARNOLD M. WEISSLER, RUTH A. ALTSCHULD, LORRAINE E. GIBB, MARY ELLEN POLLACK, FRED A. KRUGER
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

When the oxygen supply to the myocardium is compromised, glycolysis may provide the critical energy necessary for the heart's survival. We investigated whether insulin, through its effects on myocardial glycolysis, influences the performance and the metabolism of the perfused rat heart during anoxia. Hearts in a modified Langendorff apparatus were perfused for 30 minutes with anoxic media containing glucose (50-500 mg/100 ml) with and without insulin (100 munits/ml) or with anoxic media containing 200 mg glucose/100 ml and varying insulin concentrations (0.1-100 munits/ml). Hearts were paced, and left ventricular pressure, maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure, and lactate production were monitored. Increasing glucose concentration alone progressively enhanced performance and lactate generation in the beating anoxic heart. Addition of insulin resulted in significant increases in left ventricular performance and lactate production at all levels of glucose concentration. The myocardial content of high energy intermediates (creatine phosphate, adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate) after 30 minutes of anoxia was not altered by varying concentrations of glucose or insulin. To assess the effects of insulin and glucose in the absence of contraction, hearts were arrested with media containing a high potassium concentration (26 mEq/liter). Although lactate production was lower in arrested hearts than it was in beating hearts, it was enhanced by insulin. Insulin also produced significant increases in high-energy intermediates in arrested hearts. It was concluded that insulin increases the utilization of glucose and thus causes the enhancement of ventricular performance in the anoxic heart.
Treating Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia without Cranial Irradiation
Authors: Ching Hon Pui, Dario Campana, Deqing Pei, W. Paul Bowman, John T. Sandlund, Sue C. Kaste, Raul C. Ribeiro, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Susana C. Raimondi, Mihaela Onciu, Elaine Coustan-Smith, Larry E. Kun, Sima Jeha, Cheng Cheng, Scott C. Howard, Vickey Simmons, Amy Bayles, Monika L. Metzger, James M. Boyett, Wing Leung, Rupert Handgretinger, James R. Downing, William E. Evans, Mary V. Relling
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Prophylactic cranial irradiation has been a standard treatment in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are at high risk for central nervous system (CNS) relapse.We conducted a clinical trial to test whether prophylactic cranial irradiation could be omitted from treatment in all children with newly diagnosed ALL. A total of 498 patients who could be evaluated were enrolled. Treatment intensity was based on presenting features and the level of minimal residual disease after remission-induction treatment. The duration of continuous complete remission in the 71 patients who previously would have received prophylactic cranial irradiation was compared with that of 56 historical controls who received it.The 5-year event-free and overall survival probabilities for all 498 patients were 85.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.9 to 91.3) and 93.5% (95% CI, 89.8 to 97.2), respectively. The 5-year cumulative risk of isolated CNS relapse was 2.7% (95% CI, 1.1 to 4.3), and that of any CNS relapse (including isolated relapse and combined relapse) was 3.9% (95% CI, 1.9 to 5.9). The 71 patients had significantly longer continuous complete remission than the 56 historical controls (P=0.04). All 11 patients with isolated CNS relapse remained in second remission for 0.4 to 5.5 years. CNS leukemia (CNS-3 status) or a traumatic lumbar puncture with blast cells at diagnosis and a high level of minimal residual disease (> or = 1%) after 6 weeks of remission induction were significantly associated with poorer event-free survival. Risk factors for CNS relapse included the genetic abnormality t(1;19)(TCF3-PBX1), any CNS involvement at diagnosis, and T-cell immunophenotype. Common adverse effects included allergic reactions to asparaginase, osteonecrosis, thrombosis, and disseminated fungal infection.With effective risk-adjusted chemotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation can be safely omitted from the treatment of childhood ALL. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00137111.)
Inotropic effects of angiotensin II on human cardiac muscle in vitro.
Authors: C S Moravec, M D Schluchter, L Paranandi, B Czerska, R W Stewart, E Rosenkranz, M Bond
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The direct effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on human cardiac muscle were investigated using isolated trabecular muscles from failing and functionally normal hearts. Atrial and ventricular trabeculae were studied. Results demonstrated a positive inotropic effect of Ang II on human cardiac muscle. Comparison of the effects of Ang II among groups indicated that the responsiveness tended to be greater in atrial and normal muscle compared with failing muscle. Results of this study also demonstrated heterogeneity in the responsiveness to Ang II among human muscles, which was not correlated with patient age, sex, diagnosis, prior treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, or heart function. A significant correlation between response to Ang II and response to isoproterenol was demonstrated in failing ventricular trabeculae, which may suggest that defects in beta-adrenergic responsiveness in the failing human ventricle are accompanied by a loss of responsiveness to Ang II. Studies were extended to the Syrian cardiomyopathic hamster and its control. A dose-dependent inotropic response occurred in normal hamster ventricular muscle but was significantly diminished in cardiomyopathic muscle. Ang II did not shorten the timing of contraction, and pretreatment with adrenergic-blocking agents did not shift the dose-response curve, indicating that the response was not cyclic AMP mediated. This study demonstrates for the first time that Ang II can exert an inotropic effect directly on human cardiac muscle and confirms that there is a direct effect of Ang II on hamster cardiac muscle. The study further suggests, however, that the inotropic response to Ang II in cardiac muscle is heterogeneous and may be diminished by heart failure.
Observations on the Daily Changes in Venous Pressure and Weight in a Case of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: WALTER NEWMAN, LEO FISHEL
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A study of the effect of salt administration and digitalis withdrawal as separate factors in the production of congestive heart failure in the same patient is presented. The results indicate two different types of congestive failure relating to these modes of precipitation. Additional information is obtained as to the temporal precedence of weight and venous pressure in congestive heart failure induced by the aforementioned methods.
Travel associated illness
Authors: M. Mckee
Journal: BMJ (1996)

are learning that promoting and protecting human rights may be essential for promoting and protecting health.This insight was already present in the evolving approach to population and women's health.7 8 It was strongly accelerated in work on HIV and AIDS, in which discrimination (and other human rights issues) were found not only to be tragic results of the pandemic but to be root societal causes of vulnerability to HIV.9 '°Even the World Bank, not generally involved with human rights agendas, reached a similar conclusion when it declared that ensuring girls' rights to education and to non-discrimination within education represented one of the most powerful strategies for improving health in the developing world.11The world of health and human rights has moved away from earlier simplistic assumptions about a necessary conflict between public health goals and human rights norms.12Public health professionals increasingly recognise that they must deal directly with the underlying societal issues that determine, to the largest extent, who lives and who dies, when, and of what.For this reason, since 1990, all graduates of the Harvard School of Public Health receive, along with their diploma, a copy of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.The dean tells them that this will be as important to their future work as a Hippocratic oath would be for a practising clinician.Ultimately this approach, linking human rights work with public health, is both a return to the historical concerns of public health and the beginning of a new chapter in the relationship between health and society.