tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MALIGNANT DISEASE OF THE OVARY; REPORT OF CASES.Read before the Worcester, Mass., Medical Association, Oct. 10, 1894.
Authors: HOMER GAGE
Journal: JAMA (1894)

I trust you will pardon me for asking your attention to a subject which may seem of but little practical importance, and is interesting mainly because it is so rarely met with. I have ventured to report these cases of malignant disease affectingnthe ovaries, because they present some features of unusual clinical interest and because they will serve very well to introduce the subject of ovarian pathology, about which there seems to be so much confusion. I think no one who has attempted to do much pelvic surgery himself, or has tried to study pelvic surgery from the medical periodicals or in society transactions, can fail to be impressed with the want of exact knowledge of the various conditions which may be met with in the normal ovary, and with the want of a generally accepted scientific standard, in accordance with which the departures from the normal may be recognized
Intravenous Pyelography in Infants with Single Umbilical Artery
Authors: Murray Feingold, Richard N. Fine, David Ingall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN 1955 Benirschke and Brown1 reported extensively on the occurrence of congenital anomalies in association with the absence of one of the two umbilical arteries. This study, together with previous and subsequent investigations, has stimulated interest in the value of this defect as a means of early recognition of neonatal malformations. Prospective studies (Table 1) have shown the incidence of single umbilical artery to vary from 0.2 to 1.3 per cent in consecutive single births and from 0 to 7 per cent in twin births.2 3 4 5 The frequency of congenital anomalies in such series has ranged from 20 to 47 per . . .
Amnesty fears for safety of doctors who reported on Sri Lanka hospital attack
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Three doctors who were working in the Tamil no fire zone at the end of the siege and who alerted the outside world to the bombardment of their hospital have disappeared amid mounting concern for their wellbeing.

Amnesty International fears that “they may be held in reprisal for providing information about civilians in the conflict zone between government forces and the Tamil Tigers, and is now deeply concerned over their safety.”

The three are Thangamutha Sathiyamoorthy, regional director of health services in Kilinochchi, V Shanmugarajah, medical superintendent at Mullivaaykkaal field hospital, and Thurairaja Varatharajah, regional director of health services in Mullaitivu, who apparently sustained bullet wounds to his shoulder. Sri Lankan forces …
PLAY AND NEUROSES OF CHILDREN
Authors: F. SCHNEERSOHN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

The neuroses, mainly child neuroses, are caused by a deficiency of the normal group play, in order to fill the unbearable "emptiness" of the ennui. The neurosis, then, is not a genuine organic disease, but a psychogenic or "acted one." In short the neurosis is a primitive compulsion play, which replaces the missing free group play. The treatment of the child neurosis consists of 3 stages: 1. We must make clear to the child ( in the language of his age) and to the educator the dynamic connection between the symptoms and the empirically established play deficiency, in order to eliminate the inhibitory and misleading disease consciousness (liberation moment). 2. Next we have to organize systematically the life of the child according to his individual play urge, in order to get rid of the sickening play deficiency ("scheduling the day" moment). 3. Having effected the cure, it is necessary to supervise the child for some time by means of periodic checkups, in order to prevent possible relapse which might result from "residual play sensitiveness" ("weaning" moment).
THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALEUTIAN DISEASE OF MINK
Authors: David D. Porter, Austin E. Larsen, Helen G. Porter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

Mink inoculated with 1 x 10(5)ID(50) of Aleutian disease virus revealed very high virus titers in the tissues 8-18 days later. The highest virus titers observed were 5 x 10(8)ID(50) per g of spleen and 1 x 10(9)ID(50) per g of liver 10 days after inoculation. Concomitant with the increase in infectious virus titers, viral antigen(s) was found in the cytoplasm of macrophages in the spleen and lymph nodes and in Kupffer cells in the liver. Antiviral antibody was assayed by indirect immunofluorescence, using sections of infected liver as the source of antigen. A few mink infected for 9 days and all those infected 10 days or more developed antibody to Aleutian disease virus antigen(s). By 60 days after infection, when hypergammaglobulinemia was marked, the mink had an exceptionally high mean antibody titer of 100,000. The pathogenesis of the glomerulonephritis of Aleutian disease is apparently related to formation of viral antigen-antibody-complement complexes which lodge in glomerular capillaries. No evidence was found that viral infection of the kidney took place, and no autoimmune responses were found. In this "slow-virus" disease the virus replicates rapidly and the morphologic and biochemical manifestations of disease are apparently due to the continuing interplay between a replicating antigen and the host immune response.
Preoperative radiotherapy cuts recurrence of rectal cancer
Authors: Toby Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Giving radiotherapy to patients with rectal cancer before surgery results in less risk of recurrence of local tumours than selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy. This is the finding of a new randomised trial, which also found that preoperative radiotherapy improves five year survival.

The CR07 trial, which was funded by the Medical Research Council, found that patients with resectable tumours benefited from preoperative radiotherapy whatever the size and position of the cancer or the quality of their excision surgery ( Journal of Clinical Oncology 2006;24(18 suppl):S3511.

The study also found that the quality of surgical removal was directly related to the risk of recurrence. …
Sexual Activity and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Glenn N. Levine, Elaine E. Steinke, Faisal G. Bakaeen, Biykem Bozkurt, Melvin D. Cheitlin, Jamie Beth Conti, Elyse Foster, Tiny Jaarsma, Robert A. Kloner, Richard A. Lange, Stacy Tessler Lindau, Barry J. Maron, Debra K. Moser, E. Magnus Ohman, Allen D. Seftel, William J. Stewart
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Preliminary report: serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 in preeclampsia
Authors: Holger Stepan, Thomas Ebert, Susanne Schrey, Constanze Reisenbüchler, Matthias Blüher, Michael Stumvoll, Jürgen Kratzsch, Patricia Tönnessen, Renaldo Faber, Mathias Fasshauer
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Infection and interferon production in systemic juvenile chronic arthritis: a prospective study.
Authors: A de Vere-Tyndall, T Bacon, R Parry, D.A Tyrrell, A.M Denman, B.M Ansell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Twenty-four episodes of disease exacerbation in 19 children suffering from systemic juvenile chronic arthritis were studied. Sixteen of these were preceded by an infection (chi 2 = 20.14, p less than 0.001), mostly of the upper respiratory tract. In the 10 cases seen during an infection causative agents were identified in 5 (herpes simplex, rhinovirus, and on 3 occasions streptococcus). The total number of infections was not increased when compared with infection rates predicted by several reported studies. In the absence of clinical infection, specific antibody titres to a panel of microbial antigens were similar to those of a control group but with a trend toward higher titres in patients with hypergammaglobulinaemia. Interferon (IFN) responses were not defective, though sequential in-vitro IFN production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) fluctuated considerably in the same patients, occasionally being absent with no obvious clinical correlate. IFN-alpha was induced by stimulation with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the mean responses of the patients were significantly greater than those of controls. IFN-gamma production on phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation was similar in patients and control groups. IFN was not detected in any of the sera from patients or controls.
Healing and recurrence of duodenal ulcer after treatment with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (TDB) tablets or cimetidine.
Authors: I Hamilton, H J O'Connor, N C Wood, I Bradbury, A T Axon
Journal: Gut (1986)

Eighty patients with duodenal ulcer were randomly allocated to treatment with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (TDB) tablets or cimetidine. Ulcers healed in 78% of patients treated with TDB and in 74% treated with cimetidine, supporting previous observations that the efficacy of these two agents is similar. Duodenal ulcer recurred in 43% of patients in the 12 months after treatment with TDB and in 78% of patients treated with cimetidine, with a significantly greater incidence of recurrence 6-12 months after cimetidine treatment. Tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate tablets may be preferable to cimetidine in the initial management of duodenal ulcer, because they offer a smaller likelihood of recurrence in the 12 months after successful treatment.
Speech Defects in Children Aged 7 Years: A National Study
Authors: N. R. Butler, C. Peckham, M. Sheridan
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A series of screening procedures applied on a national scale by doctors, teachers, and health visitors showed that between 10% and 13% of British 7-year-old children born in one week in 1958 were reported as having an appreciable degree of speech impairment. Between 1% and 2% had a marked speech defect though hearing normally. This latter group of speech-defective children were more often male and of poor family background, and more were born towards the end of a long family. They were often at a disadvantage educationally and had more clumsiness and defects of vision and visuomotor co-ordination than the rest of the sample. The methods used for screening provided a reliable guide in the selection of children who require further investigation.
THE CONTENTS OF IRREDUCIBLE INGUINAL HERNIAE IN FEMALE SUBJECTS, AND TRUE HERMAPHRODITISM
Authors: E. M. Corner
Journal: BMJ (1908)

For this test the laboratory strain was employed.Curiously enough, her own strain was agglutinated very slowly by G.'s serum, but was agglutinated by anti- typhoid horse serum in dilution of 1 In 8,000.The G. strain had also considerable virulence for the guineapig; 2 c.cm. of a twelve-hour bouillon culture inoculated intraperitoneally caused death within twenty-four hours.The patient G. was isolated on September 24th and treated with intestinal antiseptics.On October 12th samples of faeces and urine of G. were received.Typhoid bacilli were not found in either.On October 21st the B. typhosm was readily isolated from the faeces, and a fourth sample received on November 29th was also positive.The urine remained negative.With the isolation of G., it was hoped that no more cases of typhoid fever would recur, but this did not prove to be the case.Towards the end of October a case of typhoid fever occurred in the small asylum, and accordingly we proceeded to examine the faeces of all the female patients systematically (34 in number).Another carrier was thus brought to light.This patient, M C., is about 60 years old.She had an attack of typhoid fever in 1895, and has been continuously in the small asylum sin(e that time.She is able to walk about and do a little work, but ahe has never been employed in the kitdhen.Her habits are cleanly, and she has occasionally assisted In the laundry.It has to be noted that though there are two separate blocks, they are really one, from the extent of communication that goes on between them.The dinners are cooked at the main asylum and brought over to the smaller block.The clothes are washed also at the main asylum, but patients from the small asylum would occasionally assift.As in G.'s case, the plates of M1C.showed almost pure typhoid to the exclusion of lactose fermentersThe strain obtained from M C. was agglutinated by antityphoid serum in dilution of 1 in 7,000.The serum agglutinated the laboratory strain, her own strain, and the G. strain up to 1 in 200.The M`C. strain had also the same degree of virulence-for the guinea-pig as the G.strain.
Normal skull suture variant mimicking intentional injury
Authors: P Weir, N J Suttner, P Flynn, D McAuley
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A presumed skull fracture might be a variant of a normal skull suture, especially when bilateral

We describe the case of a 1 year old boy with no history of trauma but a parietal soft tissue swelling. Skull radiographs showed what appeared to be bilateral skull fractures.

A previously healthy 1 year old boy was brought by his mother to the accident and emergency department after she had noticed a left parietal soft tissue swelling when he awoke. There was no history of trauma, and she had not noticed the swelling before. On examination the child was alert and the swelling was non-tender with no evidence of contusion, laceration, or abrasion.

The casualty doctor detected an abnormality on the x ray of the skull that was thought to …
Oxidized LDL induces serotonin release from blood platelets
Authors: B. Zhao, R. Dierichs, B. Harrach‐Ruprecht, H. Winterhorff
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) induces a release of serotonin from morphologically resting platelets and shape changed platelets. This suggests that oxidized LDL, a newly reported weak agonist, contributes to atherogenesis and thrombogenesis by stimulating platelets.
IL-6 and IL-8 production from cultured human endothelial cells stimulated by infection with Rickettsia conorii via a cell-associated IL-1 alpha-dependent pathway.
Authors: G Kaplanski, N Teysseire, C Farnarier, S Kaplanski, J C Lissitzky, J M Durand, J Soubeyrand, C A Dinarello, P Bongrand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Mediterranean spotted fever due to infection by Rickettsia conorii, is characterized by a general vasculitis. This vasculitis is thought to be due to a direct injury to endothelial cells induced by R. conorii. However, production and activity of cytokines on endothelial cells is an important pathway in inflammation, and part of the underlying mechanism of vasculitis. In the present studies, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) infected with R. conorii actively secrete high levels of IL-8 and IL-6 (P < 0.002, and P < 0.03, respectively, compared with uninfected cells). IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, or TNFalpha were not detected in the culture supernates. Nevertheless, IL-6 and IL-8 production was due, in a large part, to a cell-associated form of IL-1 alpha expressed on R. conorii-infected HUVEC, since production of these cytokines was suppressed by 80% (P = 0.0001) and 85% (P < 0.04) by the addition of IL-1 receptor antagonist, or anti-IL-1alpha antibodies (60% inhibition, P < 0.01 and 65% inhibition, P < 0.05, respectively) and IL-1alpha was measured after lysis of R. conorii-infected HUVEC but not in uninfected cells (P < 0.01). Rickettsial lipopolysaccharide does not seem to be involved, since polymyxin B did not reduce cytokine secretion. On the contrary, infection by intracellular R. conorii appears to be necessary to induce IL-1alpha and subsequently IL-8, since formalin-fixed R. conorii did not induce cytokine production. These observations demonstrate that R. conorii-infected HUVEC secrete IL-6 and IL-8 via the induction of cell-associated IL-1alpha, providing a possible mechanism for the vasculitis observed in Mediterranean spotted fever.
Mechanisms of lung liquid clearance during hyperoxia in isolated rat lungs.
Authors: J I Sznajder, W G Olivera, K M Ridge, D H Rutschman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Sodium transport across the lung epithelium is predominantly effected by apical amiloride-sensitive Na+ channels and basolaterally located ouabain-sensitive Na,K-ATPases. Previously, we reported that subacute hyperoxia caused an increase in active Na+ transport in rat lungs paralleling Na,K-ATPase upregulation in alveolar Type 2 cells isolated from the same lungs. In the present study we set out to quantify the amiloride-sensitive Na+ flux and ouabain-sensitive active Na+ transport in the isolated-perfused, fluid-filled lung model from rats exposed to 85% O2 for 7 d compared with normoxic control rats. We found increased transpulmonary albumin flux and permeability to small solutes (Na+ and mannitol) in hyperoxic rat lungs compared with controls. Amiloride (10(-5) M) instilled into rat airspaces inhibited active Na+ transport by approximately 62% in control rat lungs and by approximately 87% in lungs from rats exposed to hyperoxia, without further changing permeability for Na+ and mannitol. Ouabain (10(-5)M) perfused through the pulmonary circulation decreased active Na+ transport by approximately 40% in normal rat lungs and by approximately 52% in lungs from rats exposed to hyperoxia. We conclude that active Na+ transport and edema clearance are increased in the subacute hyperoxic lung injury in rats, caused in part by the upregulation of amiloride-sensitive apical Na+ channels and alveolar epithelial Na,K-ATPases. Conceivably, the upregulation of alveolar epithelial Na+ channels and Na,K-ATPases protects against the effects of lung injury in this model by contributing to effective edema clearance.
Cancer occurrence in a cohort of patients surgically treated for peptic ulcer.
Authors: H Moller, C Toftgaard
Journal: Gut (1991)

A cohort of 4107 patients treated surgically for peptic ulcer between 1955 and 1960 was followed up to determine the incidence of cancer by record linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry. A total of 930 cases of cancer were observed during 76,634 person-years. Relative risks of cancer were computed by comparison with the recorded cancer incidence in the Danish population. During the first five years after surgery the relative risk of gastric cancer was slightly increased (RR = 1.43), but 5-15 years after the operation the risk was lower than expected (RR = 0.55). Thereafter, the relative risk of gastric cancer increased steadily and increased more than twofold after 25 years. Lung cancer occurred more frequently in the cohort members than expected (RR = 1.66), but the relative risk was independent of time since surgery. Malignancies other than gastric cancer and cancers related to tobacco smoking were close to the expected numbers. The results do not support the findings of a recent British study of similar size in which increased risks were reported for cancer at other sites.
Consideration of short term consequences of heavier babies is important
Authors: M. Geary
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—I read with interest the paper by Bonellie and Raab about the increase in birth weight among babies born in Scotland between 1980 and 1992.1 Various factors were proposed as being responsible for this increase including a reduction in the proportion of induced births, lowered rates of cigarette smoking, and improvements in maternal diet and lifestyle.

During the same period we conducted a prospective study on the predictability of shoulder dystocia, an obstetric …
1002-84 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Atrial Septal Defect from Intracardiac Ultrasound Imaging: Dynamic Shape Change of the Defect in Cardiac Cycle
Authors: Kazuyuki Koike, Toshiki Kobayashi, Katsumi Arai, Shunei Kyo, Ryozo Omoto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Dietary Supplementation in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Michael M. Madden, G. Elliott Cook
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Cat Scratch Disease in Connecticut -- Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Evaluation of a New Diagnostic Test
Authors: Kenneth M. Zangwill, Douglas H. Hamilton, Bradley A. Perkins, Russell L. Regnery, Brian D. Plikaytis, James L. Hadler, Matthew L. Cartter, Jay D. Wenger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Although cat scratch disease is commonly diagnosed in patients who have unexplained regional lymphadenopathy after encounters with cats, its epidemiology and the risk factors for disease are not clearly defined, and there is no generally accepted diagnostic test.
Ruptured Chordae Tendineae and Acute Pulmonary Edema Induced by Exercise
Authors: Franklin H. Zimmerman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

AUSCULTATORY or echocardiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse may be present in up to 10% of healthy individuals.<sup>1,2</sup>Although mitral valve prolapse is generally considered benign, complications are occasionally associated with this condition, including bacterial endocarditis, embolic phenomenon, arrhythmias, and progressive mitral insufficiency.<sup>3</sup>A subset of patients with mitral valve prolapse will develop severe mitral insufficiency directly related to rupture of previously intact chordae tendineae. It has been hypothesized that strenuous exertion may predispose to this complication,<sup>4,5</sup>but there has been no conclusive clinical evidence to support this concern. This report is the first to our knowledge to describe a patient with mitral valve prolapse who developed acute chordal rupture and pulmonary edema related to vigorous exercise. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 26-year-old man was evaluated at another medical center for a "loud" heart murmur, which was discovered during a routine physical examination performed for insurance purposes.
Identifying environmental factors harmful to reproduction.
Authors: A K Palmer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Reproduction is essential for the continuation of the species and for life itself. In biological terms, living and reproducing are essentially one and the same. There is, therefore, no sharp division between identifying factors harmful to reproduction and identifying factors harmful to life or vice versa. Detection of harmful factors requires balanced use of a variety of methodologies from databases on structure-activity relationships through in vitro and in vivo test systems of varying complexity to surveys of wildlife and human populations. Human surveys provide the only assured means of discriminating between real and imagined harmful factors, but they are time consuming and provide information after the harm has been done. Test systems with whole animals provide the best prospects for identifying harmful factors quickly, but currently available methods used for testing agrochemicals and drugs need a thorough overhaul before they can provide a role model. Whether there is a need for new methodology is doubtful. More certain is the need to use existing methodology more wisely. We need a better understanding of the environment--whatever it is--and a more thoughtful approach to investigation of multifactorial situations.