tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Importance of Initial Coronary Artery Flow After Heart Procurement to Assess Heart Viability Before Transplantation
Authors: René Ferrera, Rémi Forrat, Peter Marcsek, Michel de Lorgeril, Georges Dureau
Journal: Circulation (1995)

The objective of this study was to evaluate different tests of heart viability in a pig model of warm ischemia.Pig hearts (n = 30) were submitted to 0 (= group I), 10 (group II), 20 (group III), 30 (group IV), and 60 (group V) minutes of in situ warm ischemia (animal exsanguination). Hearts were removed, then flushed with cardioplegic solution for 3 minutes at a fixed pressure of 60 cm H2O, and edema formation, initial coronary flow, and ionic composition (Na+, K+, and Ca++) of coronary sinus effluent were evaluated. Hearts were then stored for 2 hours in a cold (4 degrees C) preservation solution. Myocardial biopsies (and evaluation of energetic index) were performed, then the hearts were reperfused for 30 minutes with whole blood with an in vitro functional testing system. No edema occurred during cardioplegic flush in the hearts in groups I through IV, but a 37 +/- 11% weight increase (P < .001) occurred in hearts in group V. There was a progressive decrease in initial coronary flow with the increase in the duration of warm ischemia (70 +/- 14 mL/min per 100 g of tissue in group I and 52 +/- 9, 41 +/- 16, 25 +/- 11, and 23 +/- 5 mL/min per 100 g, respectively, in groups II through V (P < .01 to P < .001 versus group I). Initial coronary flow was positively correlated with the energetic index (r = .84, P < .001), and the left ventricle developed pressure at reperfusion (r = .90, P < .001). Finally, there were significant differences between hearts in the control group and those in group V for calcium and sodium release (lower in the control group; P < .001 and P < .01, respectively) and for potassium removal (lower in group V, P < .05).These data suggest that early measurement of coronary flow after removal of the heart may help to assess heart viability before transplantation. This approach may provide a comprehensive clinical evaluation to increase the number of hearts available for transplantation among those that are rejected in the absence of accurate criteria of viability.
NHS at risk from fraud, warns Audit Commission
Authors: L. Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Over 960 serious cases of fraud and corruption, costing nearly pounds sterling6m, have occurred in the NHS in the past three years, said the Audit Commission this week. Risks are greatest in primary health services, where payments for prescriptions and general practitioners' fees for items of service such as night calls are based largely on trust. The commission has called for family health services authorities (FHSAs) to refer all cases of suspected fraud to the police.

Although the cost of fraud seems small compared with the £80bn spent by the NHS over the same period, the commission warned that …
Chromatin-Bound IκBα Regulates a Subset of Polycomb Target Genes in Differentiation and Cancer
Authors: María Carmen Mulero, Dolors Ferres-Marco, Abul Islam, Pol Margalef, Matteo Pecoraro, Agustí Toll, Nils Drechsel, Cristina Charneco, Shelly Davis, Nicolás Bellora, Fernando Gallardo, Erika López-Arribillaga, Elena Asensio-Juan, Verónica Rodilla, Jessica González, Mar Iglesias, Vincent Shih, M. Mar Albà, Luciano Di Croce, Alexander Hoffmann, Shigeki Miyamoto, Jordi Villà-Freixa, Nuria López-Bigas, William M. Keyes, María Domínguez, Anna Bigas, Lluís Espinosa
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Effect of Mycobacterium vaccae on atopic dermatitis in children of different ages
Authors: P.D. Arkwright, T.J. David
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Background Exposure to environmental microorganisms is associated with variations in the prevalence and severity of atopic diseases. We have previously shown that administration of a Mycobacterium vaccae suspension significantly reduced the severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children aged 5–18 years. Objectives This study aimed to extend these observations to younger children. Methods Fifty‐six children aged 2–6 years with moderate to severe AD were enrolled in a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial and given one intradermal injection of either killed M. vaccae suspension or buffer solution (placebo). Skin surface area affected and dermatitis severity score were assessed before and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. Results Although a 38–54% reduction in surface area affected by dermatitis was noted at all time points after M. vaccae administration (P = 0·005), this improvement was not significantly different from that observed in the placebo group. Meta‐analysis of this and our previous cohort (97 children aged 2–18 years) showed that M. vaccae was associated with a significant improvement in clinical severity at all ages, whereas within the placebo group, younger but not older children showed a similar improvement. Conclusions Despite a reduction in clinical severity associated with M. vaccae at all ages, no benefit could be found after administering M. vaccae to children with AD aged 2–6 years when compared with placebo. M. vaccae may offer greater benefit in children over 5 years old, whose AD appears less likely to regress spontaneously.
Increased Level of Pericardial Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Naoki Abe, Toshiro Matsunaga, Kunihiko Kameda, Hirofumi Tomita, Takayuki Fujiwara, Hiroshi Ishizaka, Hiroyuki Hanada, Kozo Fukui, Ikuo Fukuda, Tomohiro Osanai, Ken Okumura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
The Psychopathology of Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome
Authors: ARTHUR K. SHAPIRO, ELAINE SHAPIRO, HENRIETTE WAYNE, JOHN CLARKIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

Psychiatric and psychological evaluations were performed for 34 patients with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. The major psychopathological factors reported in the literature as being etiologic to Tourette's syndrome were not confirmed by the authors' data. Although many patients exhibited some of these traits, the traits appeared to be a psychological response to the illness rather than a factor in the etiology. The authors concluded that psychopathological and dynamic factors were unimportant in the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of Tourette's syndrome.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Migrant Indians in an Urbanized Society in Asia
Authors: Yingfeng Zheng, Ecosse L. Lamoureux, Raghavan Lavanya, Renyi Wu, M. Kamran Ikram, Jie Jin Wang, Paul Mitchell, Ning Cheung, Tin Aung, Seang-Mei Saw, Tien Y. Wong
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
The Hyperactive Child: Diagnosis, Management, Current Research
Authors: Stuart M. Finch
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book is divided into four parts. The first, and possibly the best, concerns itself with the clinical aspects, and its three chapters are written by Dr Cantwell. Part 2 has three chapters devoted to research on hyperactive children, and the three authors are James Satterfield, Edward Ritvo and Cantwell. Part 3 addresses itself to management and has five chapters that cover drug treatment, behavioral management, video-tape training for patients, educational approaches, and a critical review of therapeutic modalities. Part 4, the epilogue, again by Cantwell, deals with the medical model. The book itself illustrates the complex nature of the problem. For instance, not all authors agree on the semantics, let alone the causes. Some equate the hyperactive child with minimal brain disorders while others do not. There is further complication: the behavior of these children gets them into trouble at home, in school, and in the neighborhood, and this
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)-mediated Maturation and Cytokine Phenotype of Human Dendritic Cells (DCs) Involve Demethylation of the SOCS3 Promoter
Authors: W. Zhang, X. Cao, G. Hellermann, R.F. Lockey, S.S. Mohapatra
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
The in vitro and in vivo evaluation of new synthesized prodrugs of 5-OH-DPAT for iontophoretic delivery
Authors: O.W. Ackaert, J. De Graan, R. Capancioni, O.E. Della Pasqua, D. Dijkstra, B.H. Westerink, M. Danhof, J.A. Bouwstra
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
SMN-targeted therapeutics for spinal muscular atrophy: are we SMArt enough yet?
Authors: Kathryn J. Swoboda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) remains one of the most common and lethal autosomal recessive diseases. Homozygous deletion of survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) and resulting SMN protein deficiency manifests predominantly with motor neuron degeneration; however, a wealth of emerging data supports a broader influence of SMN deficiency in disease pathogenesis. In this issue of the JCI, Kariya and colleagues demonstrate the relatively selective impact of SMN depletion on the distal motor unit using a series of SMN2-expressing transgenic mice in which constitutive SMN knockdown follows variable periods of normal development. Their observations provide further insights regarding the temporal requirements for SMN in mice, renewing speculation about when and where repletion of SMN is necessary for optimal outcomes in SMA patients.
Back to school anatomy: just add Plasticine
Authors: A. R. M. Asp, Y. Myint, A. Gandhe
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Anatomy teaching for junior doctors and surgical trainees can be uninspiring and monotonous. We tried a fun hands-on adjunct to anatomy teaching in relation to surgical approaches to the hip.

We asked participants to describe all the important structures (muscles, nerves, vessels) around …
Auxiliary GABAB Receptor Subunits Uncouple G Protein βγ Subunits from Effector Channels to Induce Desensitization
Authors: Rostislav Turecek, Jochen Schwenk, Thorsten Fritzius, Klara Ivankova, Gerd Zolles, Lisa Adelfinger, Valerie Jacquier, Valerie Besseyrias, Martin Gassmann, Uwe Schulte, Bernd Fakler, Bernhard Bettler
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Specific targeting of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by immunoliposomes in vitro
Authors: Darius Moradpour, Béatrice Compagnon, Byron E. Wilson, Claude Nicolau, Jack R. Wands
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The monoclonal antibody AF-20 was raised against the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line FOCUS and binds with high affinity to a rapidly internalized 180-kd homodimeric glycoprotein that is abundantly expressed on the surface of human HCC and other human cancer cell lines. Immunoliposomes were produced by covalently coupling AF-20 to liposomes containing carboxyfluorescein. Interaction of immunoliposomes with various HCC cell lines in vitro was quantitatively assessed by flow cytometry and qualitatively analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Liposomes bearing an isotype-matched nonrelevant monoclonal antibody (MAb) and cell lines not expressing AF-20 antigen served as controls. AF-20-immunoliposomes specifically bound to HCC and other human cancer cell lines expressing the AF-20 antigen and were rapidly internalized at 37 degrees C. Interaction of AF-20-conjugated liposomes with these cell lines was between 5 and 200 times greater than that of unconjugated liposomes, whereas no difference was observed between control liposomes bearing a nonrelevant antibody and unconjugated liposomes. Specificity of liposome-target cell interaction was confirmed by competitive inhibition assays. Kinetic analysis showed rapid association of AF-20 immunoliposomes with target cells, with saturation conditions being reached after 60 minutes. We conclude that the MAb AF-20 directs highly efficient, specific, and rapid targeting of immunoliposomes to human HCC and other human cancer cell lines in vitro. This targeted liposomal delivery system represents a promising approach for the development of immunotargeted diagnosis and therapy strategies against HCC.
Angiotensin II-induced hypertension in the rat. Effects on the plasma concentration, renal excretion, and tissue release of prostaglandins.
Authors: D I Diz, P G Baer, A Nasjletti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

We examined in rats the effects of intraperitoneal angiotensin II (AII) infusion for 12 d on urinary excretion, plasma concentration, and in vitro release of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a PGI2 metabolite. AII at 200 ng/min increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) progressively from 125 +/- 3 to 170 +/- 9 mmHg (P less than 0.01) and elevated fluid intake and urine volume. Urinary 6-keto-PGF1 alpha excretion increased from 38 +/- 6 to 55 +/- 5 and 51 +/- 7 ng/d (P less than 0.05) on days 8 and 11, respectively, of AII infusion, but urinary PGE2 excretion did not change. Relative to a control value of 129 +/- 12 pg/ml in vehicle-infused (V) rats, arterial plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentration increased by 133% (P less than 0.01) with AII infusion. Aortic rings from AII-infused rats released more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (68 +/- 7 ng/mg) during 15-min incubation in Krebs solution than did rings from V rats (40 +/- 3 ng/mg); release of PGE2, which was less than 1% of that of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, was also increased. Slices of inner renal medulla from AII-infused rats released more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (14 +/- 1 ng/mg) during incubation than did slices from V rats (8 +/- 1 ng/mg, P less than 0.05), but PGE2 release was not altered. In contrast, AII infusion did not alter release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha or PGE2 from inferior vena cava segments or from renal cortex slices. Infusion of AII at 125 ng/min also increased SBP, plasma 6-keto-PGF1 alpha concentration, and in vitro release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha from rings of aorta and renal inner medulla slices; at 75 ng/min AII had no effect. SBP on AII infusion day 11 correlated positively with both 6-keto-PGF1 alpha plasma concentration (r = 0.54) and net aortic ring release (r = 0.70) when data from all rats were combined. We conclude that augmentation of PGI2 production is a feature of AII-induced hypertension. The enhancement of PGI2 production may be an expression of nonspecific alteration in vascular structure and metabolic functions during AII-induced hypertension, as well as the result of a specific effect of the peptide on the arachidonate-prostaglandin system.
Effect of tree pollen specific, subcutaneous immunotherapy on the oral allergy syndrome to apple and hazelnut
Authors: X. Bucher, W. J. Pichler, C. A. Dahinden, A. Helbling
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: The efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT) in pollen allergy is well established. However, its effect on pollen associated food allergy particularly the oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is not definitely ascertained. Objective: The purpose of this controlled prospective study was to investigate whether SIT with tree pollen, mainly birch, has an effect on OAS induced by apple or hazelnut in birch pollen‐allergic individuals. Methods: Twenty‐seven birch pollen‐allergic subjects with OAS induced by apple or hazelnut underwent open oral provocation tests (OPT) with increasing doses (1 to 128 g) of fresh apple or ground hazelnut 1 year apart. Fifteen of 27 subjects were treated with SIT and 12 were not. Skin‐prick test with birch pollen, apple and hazelnut, and specific serum IgE, IgG and IgG4 to rBet v 1, apple and hazelnut were determined. Results: Thirteen of 15 (87%) SIT‐treated subjects could eat significantly ( P &lt; 0.001) more of apple or hazelnut without any symptoms/signs. The average tolerated quantity increased from 12.6 to 32.6 g apple after 1 year in this group. In contrast, only one of 12 (8%) individuals without SIT was able to consume a higher amount without symptoms. On evaluating laboratory parameters, only IgG4 antibodies to rBet v 1 were found to be significantly ( P &lt; 0.01) increased in the SIT‐treated group after 1 year. Conclusions: The study shows that SIT with extracts containing birch pollen has a positive impact on OAS to apple or hazelnut in birch pollen‐allergic individuals. In spite of this outcome, the amount of apple/hazelnut tolerated is still small. Thus, the effect of SIT on the patients’ management of OAS remains limited.
No effect of transfer factor in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis by double-blind trial.
Authors: H M Hoyeraal, S S Froland, C F Salvesen, E Munthe, J B Natvig, E Kass, P Blichfeldt, T M Hegna, E Revlem, B Sandstad, N L Hjort
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

A previously pilot study of treatment with transfer factor in 3 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) gave promising results. However, in this small and open study no definite conclusions could be drawn. Therefore, a double-blind group trial was performed in 12 JRA patients treated with transfer factor, and in 12 placebo-treated control patients. The patients were evaluated clinically, by laboratory tests, and by estimation of different lymphocyte populations and cell-mediated immunity in vitro and in vivo. Transfer factor was not found to be of significant therapeutic value in patients with JRA. The only statistically significant difference between the two groups was a greater reduction in the percentage of T lymphocytes in transfer factor-treated patients than in control patients. The significance of this is difficult to explain and could have appeared by chance. No side effects of treatment with transfer factor were noted.
Effect of weekly vitamin D supplements on mortality, morbidity, and growth of low birthweight term infants in India up to age 6 months: randomised controlled trial
Authors: G. T. Kumar, H. S. Sachdev, H. Chellani, A. M. Rehman, V. Singh, H. Arora, S. Filteau
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation can decrease the mortality and morbidity of low birthweight infants in low income countries. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Large government hospital in New Delhi, India. <b>Participants</b> 2079 low birthweight infants born at term (&gt;37 weeks' gestation). <b>Main outcome measures</b> Primary outcome was admission to hospital or death during the first six months of life. Main secondary outcome was growth. <b>Interventions</b> Weekly vitamin D supplements for six months at a dose of one recommended nutrient intake per day (35 µg/week). Infants were visited weekly at home for observed supplementation and were brought to the clinic monthly for clinical examination and anthropometric measurements. <b>Results</b> Between group differences were not significant for death or hospital admissions (92 among 1039 infants in the vitamin D group <i>v</i> 99 among 1040 infants in the placebo group; adjusted rate ratio 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.68 to 1.29; P=0.68), or referral to the outpatient clinic for moderate morbidity. Vitamin D supplementation resulted in better vitamin D status as assessed by plasma calcidiol levels at six months. In adjusted analyses, vitamin D treatment significantly increased standard deviation (z) scores at six months for weight, length, and arm circumference and decreased the proportion of children with stunted growth (length for age z score ≤2) or with arm circumference z scores of 2 or less. <b>Conclusion</b> A weekly dose of vitamin D resulted in better vitamin D status and benefited the classic vitamin D function of bone growth but did not decrease the incidence of severe morbidity or death among young low birthweight infants. <b>Trial registration</b> ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00415402.
An evaluation of the revised seven-point checklist for the early diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: M.F. HEALSMITH, J.F. BOURKE, J.E. OSBORNE, R.A.C. GRAHAM-BROWN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

The seven-point checklist has been widely advocated as a sensitive screening test for malignant melanoma. A number of groups have questioned the sensitivity of this system, especially in the detection of early lesions. We have assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the revised seven-point checklist when applied to lesions seen in our department over a 26-month period and compared it with the American ABCDE evaluation system. All melanomas (n = 65) were detected using the revised seven-point checklist and all were found to have at least one of the three major criteria defined by that system. Five (7.7%) melanomas were not picked up by the ABCDE checklist. Of 100 randomly selected patients who attended the clinic during the same period, with clinically diagnosed benign pigmented lesions, 63 had at least one major feature of the revised seven-point checklist. Forty (62%) of the melanomas, compared with only (4%) of the benign lesions, had more than one major feature. This study confirms the sensitivity of the revised seven-point checklist in the diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma.
Evidence for the involvement of endotheliai cell integrin αVβ3 in the disruption of the tumor vascuiature induced by TNF and IFN-γ
Authors: Curzio Rüegg, Aysim Yilmaz, Grégory Bieler, Jeannine Bamat, Pascal Chaubert, Ferdy J. Lejeune
Journal: Nature Medicine (1998)
Tc-99m MIBI Brain SPECT of an Acoustic Schwannoma
Authors: CHAN H. PARK, SUNG M. KIM, JAMES ZHANG, JACK R. McEWAN, CHARLES INTENZO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 57-year-old woman with a large acoustic schwannoma proven by MRI underwent Tc-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) stress myocardial imaging for preoperative cardiac evaluation. Brain SPECT was performed while she was waiting for resting myocardial scintigraphy. This study demonstrated markedly increased radiotracer uptake by the tumor in the left cerebellopontine angle. The most common tumors occurring in the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal are acoustic neuromas.
Analysis of the Mechanism of Steroid Hormone Receptor-Dependent Gene Activation in Cell-Free Systems
Authors: MILAN K. BAGCHI, MING-JER TSAI, BERT W. O'MALLEY, SOPHIA Y. TSAI
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

I. Introduction STEROID hormones regulate the expression of specific gene networks and thereby exert a wide variety of effects on growth, development, and differentiation in higher eukaryotes (for reviews see Refs. 1–6). The hormonal signals are transduced to the target genes through specific, intracellular receptors. The ligand-free receptor is functionally inactive. The hormone response is triggered by the binding of a steroidal ligand to its cognate receptor, followed by the interaction of the hormonereceptor complex with specific enhancer sequences referred to as steroid response elements (SREs) at the target gene. The receptor regulates gene transcription presumably by interacting with the transcription machinery at the target promoter. During the last several years, good progress has been made toward unravelling the molecular mechanism of signal transduction by steroid hormones. The molecular cloning of virtually all known steroid receptor genes has been accomplished, and precise definition of vario...
Serum Leucine Amino Peptidase Activity in Carcinoma of the Stomach with Metastases
Authors: W. H. S. George, K. J. Gurling, I. Mackenzie
Journal: BMJ (1966)

child to hospital if it seems possible that it has been deliberately injured, whether by parents or baby-minder or older sibling.The child is then in a " place of safety " and can be kept there, as the B.P.A. memorandum makes clear.But once it is there, the best interests of the baby and the rehabilitation of the parents are not contradictory aims: they are joint ones, and the apparatus for dealing with both is available.-Iam, etc.,