tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Public Expectations and Physicians' Responsibilities: Voices of Medical Humanities
Authors: Ronald A. Carson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Medical Writings: Book Notes4 April 2006Public Expectations and Physicians' Responsibilities: Voices of Medical HumanitiesRonald A. Carson, PhDRonald A. Carson, PhDFrom the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-7-200604040-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Crellin JK. 176 pages. Oxford, UK: Radcliffe; 2005. $48.00. ISBN 1857756428. Order at www.radcliffe-oxford.com.Field of medicine: Medical humanities.Format: Paperback book.Audience: Medical students, residents, fellows, and practitioners, as well as general readers interested in current developments in medical humanities.Purpose: To provide an introduction to an evolving field of studies that aims to encourage reflection on humane values in relationships between patients and physicians.Content: The introduction usefully situates the volume in the context of medical education, including the continuing education of practitioners. The bulk of the book consists of 10 short chapters that address the various roles ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 April 2006Volume 144, Issue 7Page: 539KeywordsContinuing medical educationMedical educationMedical ethics, humanities, and educationMotivationScientistsSoftware tools ePublished: 4 April 2006 Issue Published: 4 April 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Safety agency must simplify reporting of patient incidents
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Liam Donaldson, the chief medical officer for England, has ordered a shake-up of the services responsible for patient safety, demanding that “more needs to be done to accelerate the pace of change in this area.” 

A national forum will be at the heart of the new plans, which are detailed in a report commissioned by Professor Donaldson and published in December. The forum is designed to bring together key agencies responsible for patient safety to facilitate learning, share best practice, and coordinate delivery. It will be chaired by Professor Donaldson and David Nicholson, the NHS's chief executive, and will convene for the first time early in January. 

“Although the vast majority of NHS patients receive safe and effective care, we have to recognise that in our modern, increasingly complex health service that treats one million patients every 36 hours, mistakes can and will …
The Role of Group Dynamics in Scientific Inconsistencies: A Case Study of a Research Consortium
Authors: Judith G. M. Rosmalen, Albertine J. Oldehinkel
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Judith Rosmalen and Albertine Oldehinkel describe their experience in the TRAILS research consortium to discuss why research teams might publish contradictory or inconsistent results despite procedures to avoid this; they emphasize the role of internal group dynamics rather than faulty publication practices.
The Review of ARTFILE
Authors: DONALD FRAMBACH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1985The Review of ARTFILEDONALD FRAMBACH, M.D.DONALD FRAMBACH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-647 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Thank you for publishing the favorable review of my program ARTFILE (1). There are a few points that I would like to clarify. First, the program and sample databases are distributed on diskettes formatted with eight sectors per track and are readable by all versions of PC and MS-DOS. ARTFILE can retrieve records by author, key word, file number, and journal name at greater than 1000 references per minute. ARTFILE can search for key words in the title and comment fields if desired; sort the database sequentially by file number and alphabetically by author; and output selected...Reference1. PEPINE C. ARTFILE, version 1. 04 [Software review]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:164. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: P.O. Box 8815 Boston, MA 02114 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1985Volume 103, Issue 4Page: 647-647KeywordsDatabases Issue Published: 1 October 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Modulation of erythrocyte membrane material properties by Ca2+ and calmodulin. Implications for their role in regulation of skeletal protein interactions.
Authors: Y Takakuwa, N Mohandas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Skeletal proteins of the red blood cell apparently play an important role in regulating membrane material properties of deformability and stability. However, the role of various intracellular constituents in regulating membrane properties has not been clearly defined. To determine whether Ca2+ and calmodulin might play a role in this regulation, we measured the membrane stability and deformability of resealed ghosts prepared in the presence of varying concentrations of Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM). For membranes resealed in the presence of Ca2+ and physiologic concentrations of CaM (2-8 microM), membrane stability decreased with increasing Ca2+ concentrations (greater than 1.0 microM). Moreover, Ca2+ and CaM-induced alterations in membrane stability were completely reversible. In the absence of CaM, an equivalent decrease in membrane stability was seen only when Ca2+ concentration was two orders of magnitude higher (greater than 100 microM). Calmodulin did not alter membrane stability in the absence of Ca2+. Compared with these changes in membrane stability, membrane deformability decreased only at Ca2+ concentrations greater than 100 microM, and calmodulin had no effect on Ca2+-induced decrease in membrane deformability. Examination of the effects of Ca2+ and CaM on various membrane interactions have enabled us to suggest that spectrin-protein 4.1-actin interaction may be one of the targets for the effect of Ca2+ and CaM. These results imply that Ca2+ and calmodulin can regulate membrane stability through modulation of skeletal protein interactions, and that these protein interactions are of a dynamic nature on intact membranes.
Fused SPECT/CT Imaging of Peri-iliopsoas Infection Using Indium-111-Labeled Leukocytes
Authors: Jennifer Nathan, Joseph A. Crawford, D Bruce Sodee, George Bakale
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Nuclear imaging with In-111-labeled leukocytes has become an instrumental tool in localizing sites of infection and is superior to Ga-67 in localizing abdominal and pelvic abscesses resulting from absence of a normal bowel excretory pathway. Labeled white blood cells (WBCs) localize at sites of infection through diapedesis, chemotaxis, and enhanced vascular permeability and can thus be used to identify infection. The accuracy of this functional imaging modality can be enhanced by fusing SPECT images of labeled WBC with CT images that provide anatomic detail to facilitate reading as illustrated in the case described.
Le Pied-Bot
Authors: Lenox D. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The picture on the cover of the Feb 28 issue ofThe Journal"Le Pied-Bot" interests me, as one who has specialized in cerebral palsy. I have long contended that this child did not represent a classical clubfoot, but illustrated more a right hemiplegia, in which the internal rotators and flexors were more spastic than the external rotators and extensors. Although I use the word "spastic," this could be a tension athetoid hemiplegia. The factors favoring the hemiplegia include the facial asymmetry and the tooth markings so frequently seen in the patient with congenital cerebral palsy. Although the child's expression is one of cheerfulness, it is not necessarily one of intelligence. There is a possibility of a mild microcephaly; certainly the frontal lobes are not large. The most compelling feature of all is the fashion in which he carries his right upper extremity, internally rotated, dropped at
Caffeine Use During Pregnancy: How Much Is Safe?-Reply
Authors: Benjamin Kleinmuntz
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Without disputing the value of linking male pattern baldness (MPB) and myocardial infarction (MI) in men under 55 years of age,<sup>1</sup>I raise several methodological issues. First, if the authors knew that the nurse-interviewers "may have been aware of the study hypothesis," then why assign only three to collect 90% of the raw data? Add to this the likelihood that the data analysts, too, were not blinded—were the study personnel remunerated in part with research funds? Then it is likely that the bias is compounded. Were the hospital and telephone MPB self-assessments accurate given that these could be exaggerated, attenuated, denied, inaccessible to view, and so on? Were the possibly nonblind interviewer results prone to the same errors? Both errors may explain the modest agreements (κ=0.74) between patients' and interviewers' MPB assessments, which usually yield κ values in the region of 0.80 and 0.90 among trained
Treatment of Thromboembolic Disease by Defibrinogenation with Arvin.
Authors: W. R. Bell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Treatment of Thromboembolic Disease by Defibrinogenation with Arvin.W. R. Bell, M.D.W. R. Bell, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-825_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA coagulating proteolytic enzyme that removes fibrinogen from the blood is now being used experimentally to treat patients with various types of thrombotic disease. The agent, Arvin, is obtained by column chromatographic fractionation of the crude venom of the Malayan pit viper,Agkistrodon rhodostoma. Effectiveness of intravenous administration is being evaluated in a variety of thrombotic disorders. With this route there has been no evidence of resistance to therapy, dose response variation, or tachyphylaxis. Control of therapy is guided by the measurement of plasma fibrinogen concentration, which is maintained below 20 mg/100 ml. Levels of other clotting factors, platelets, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: W. R. Bell, M.D.Affiliations: Baltimore, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 825-826KeywordsAttentionBloodBlood plasmaChemical fractionationEnzymesFibrinogenPlateletsTachyphylaxisVenoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Biologic Activity of Tamoxifen at Low Doses in Healthy Women
Authors: Andrea Decensi, Bernardo Bonanni, Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga, Sara Gandini, Chris Robertson, Harriet Johansson, Roberto Travaglini, Maria Teresa Sandri, Antonella Tessadrelli, Gabriel Farante, Federica Salinaro, Donato Bettega, Antonina Barreca, Peter Boyle, Alberto Costa, Umberto Veronesi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Background: Results of a clinical trial recently completed in the United States indicate that administration of tamoxifen (20 mg/day) to women at risk can reduce breast cancer incidence by approximately 50% but is associated with an increased risk of developing endometrial cancer and venous thromboembolic events. Since these adverse effects may be dose related, we investigated the effect of tamoxifen on several biomarkers when the drug was given at doses lower than those currently in use. Methods: In two sequential experiments, 127 healthy hysterectomized women aged 35-70 years were randomly assigned to one of the following four treatment arms: placebo (n = 31) or tamoxifen at 20 mg/day (n = 30) (first experiment); or tamoxifen at 10 mg/day (n = 34) or tamoxifen at 10 mg/ alternate days (n = 32) (second experiment). Baseline and 2-month measurements of the following parameters were compared: 1) total cholesterol (primary end point) and other surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, e.g., lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein(a); 2) blood cell count; 3) fibrinogen; 4) antithrombin III; 5) osteocalcin; and, 6) in a subgroup of 103 women, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a possible surrogate marker for breast cancer. Results: After adjustment for the baseline values, there were reductions in circulating levels of total cholesterol and IGF-I of the same magnitude in all three tamoxifen treatment arms. A similar pattern was observed for most of the other parameters. In the placebo arm, fibrinogen level, which showed a decrease, was the only parameter exhibiting change. Conclusions: Up to a 75% reduction in the conventional dose of tamoxifen (i.e., 20 mg/day) does not affect the activity of the drug on a large number of biomarkers, most of which are surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease. This study was hypothesis generating, and larger studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of tamoxifen at low doses. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:1461-7]
A proposed method for assembly and interpretation of short-term test data.
Authors: D Brusick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The genetic toxicology databases for chemicals that have been tested extensively are generally composed of inconsistent responses from a diverse set of assays. Consequently, difficulties arise when the data are evaluated for classifying the agent or for assessing the chemical's hazard potential. Several years ago, the International Commission for Protection against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens (ICPEMC) established a committee to construct a process for compiling and interpreting diverse data sets. The Committee has developed a weight-of-evidence approach that combines test data into a series of scores for test type, class, family, and a consensus score defining the relative mutagenic activity of the agent compared with other chemicals in the database. This report describes the method and preliminary results from 113 chemicals.
An analogue computer for pressure-time measurements in valvular heart disease.
Authors: I R Williamson, A H Kitchin
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Accurate measurement of pressure differences across a diseased heart valve involves either laborious planimetry or elaborate digital computing facilities. An analogue device is described, simple and inexpensive to construct, which derives from the recorder input of two pressure signals the time (seconds/minute) of valve opening and the mean pressure difference during this time. Measurements may be repeated over long periods. The importance of using pressure differences as compared with peak or end diastolic gradients is noted; serious errors in assessment of valvular disease may otherwise occur.
Amebic Pericarditis
Authors: Max G. Carter, Sheldon B. Korones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

AMEBIC pericarditis is a rare complication of infection with Endamoeba histolytica. A review of the literature from 1885 to the present revealed 44 proved cases of suppurative amebic pericarditis. Pericarditis was reported to have developed in 14 additional patients with known amebiasis. In these, however, the diagnosis was established either by the finding of serous fluid in the pericardial sac at post-mortem examination or by the appearance, during life, of a pericardial friction rub that disappeared after treatment with emetine hydrochloride. In all cases the pericardial involvement was secondary to an amebic abscess adjacent to the pericardial sac in either . . .
End-organ ischemia as an unforeseen complication of endoscopic-ultrasound-guided celiac plexus neurolysis
Authors: H. Ahmed, S. Friedman, H. Henriques, B. Berk
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) has been used to treat pancreatic cancer pain for decades. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has improved the safety of CPN, and has allowed its increased use for chronic pancreatitis pain relief [1]. We present a patient who developed end-organ ischemia following EUS-guided CPN, and believe this is the first report of this type of side effect stemming from this procedure.
The effect of cysteinyl leukotrienes on growth of eosinophil progenitors from peripheral blood and bone marrow of atopic subjects
Authors: Fausto Braccioni, Sandra C. Dorman, Paul M. O'Byrne, Mark D. Inman, Judah A. Denburg, Krishnan Parameswaran, Adrian J. Baatjes, Ronan Foley, Gail M. Gauvreau
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Those of us who learned cardiac catheterization by the journeymanapprentice method would have given our eyeteeth for this book. Those who now take up catheterization will be grateful to William Grossman for carefully organizing the efforts of 24 distinguished contributors in an allmeat, no-fat presentation. Twenty-seven chapters cover the techniques of catheterization, His bundle electrography, pacing and angiography, hemodynamic principles, and evaluation of function under basal conditions and induced challenges. A "profiles" section gives characteristic findings and appropriate case reports in valve disease, coronary disease, pulmonary embolism, cardiomyopathies, pericardial disorders, and congenital heart disease. A valuable insert by a master of noninvasive techniques, Ernest Craige, demonstrates the utility of echocardiography, pulse recordings, and systolic time intervals—atraumatic methods that complement catheterization. For authority of presentation and sheer quality of important information it is difficult to choose among this array of well-illustrated and selectively referenced discussions. The authors' names ensure a
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates hepatic lipogenesis in the rat in vivo.
Authors: K R Feingold, C Grunfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The hyperlipidemia accompanying infection has been attributed to production of tumor necrosis factor. This cytokine inhibits adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase, which could decrease clearance of lipoproteins. Infections also increase hepatic lipogenesis. We now have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates lipid synthesis in vivo. 2 h after administration of tumor necrosis factor (25 micrograms/200 g), plasma triglycerides increase 2.2-fold and remain elevated for 17 h. Plasma cholesterol also increases, but this effect appears after 7 h. Tumor necrosis factor rapidly stimulates incorporation of tritiated water into fatty acids in the liver (1-2 h), which persists for 17 h. Also, tumor necrosis factor stimulates hepatic sterol synthesis. Of note, tumor necrosis factor treatment does not stimulate lipid synthesis in other tissues, including adipose tissue. Labeled fatty acids rapidly increase in the plasma, raising the possibility that stimulation of hepatic lipogenesis by tumor necrosis factor contributes to the hyperlipidemia of infection.
Prostacyclin in pregnancy.
Authors: P J Lewis, P Boylan, L A Friedman, C N Hensby, I Downing
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Antibody persistence in stored sera-On testing in 1978 the geometric mean titre of haemagglutination inhibition antibody in the 16 sera collected 46 days after vaccination and still available for retitration was 64 4, compared with 128-8 originally; five samples (31 °O) showed a fourfold fall in titre (table ).This was probably due to loss of antibody during storage and not to the different methods of removing norn-specific inhibitors (acid-washed kaolin in 1968, manganous chloride and heparin in 1978).Antibody persistence after vaccination-All sera had detectable haem- agglutination antibody 10 years after vaccination (table).Antibody titres had fallen fourfold in four (20 (O) subjects (three of the 12 not revaccinated and one of the eight revaccinated) and had increased fourfold in one of the revaccinated subjects.Neutralising antibody was present in all 12 subjects not revaccinated, at titres of 1 in 32 (three subjects), 1 in 8 (five), and 1 in 4 (four).Titres of haemtagglutintation inhibition anztibody in sera collected 46 days after vaccination int 1968 (tested in 1968 and 1978) and 10 years after vaccination.(Suibjects in cases 13-20 zwere revaccinated between 1970 and 1978) Sera obtained 46 days after vaccination* Case 1978 sera* No 1968 1978*Titrated in parallel.In four cases sera obtained in 1968 were no longer available, so tsera obtained in 1970 and +sera obtained in 1974 were substituted.
Psychosomatic Education: Teaching or Treatment?
Authors: A.C. Woodmansey
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

Students' difficulties in learning psychosomatic medicine are mainly due to their own anxieties. Some students are too anxious even to discuss the subject matter; and many who are as free as most people from inner fears find that this is not enough to enable them to help disturbed patients. Students therefore need to receive from the teacher, whenever required during the actual teaching, considerable help of the same kind as they are taught to give their patients. And, for the same reason, the teacher himself must have access to similar help from a more experienced colleague.
A Fatal Case of Solanine Poisoning
Authors: R. F. Alexander, G. B. Forbes, E. S. Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (1948)

LAURENCE-MOON-BIEDL SYNDROME be assumed, but only that previous members of the family showing this syndrome have been buried even beyond the knowledge and memory of those still alive.Sufferers from this syndrome are of course unlikely to marry, and even if they do so are unlikely to have children-a factor which of itself curtails the passing on of the defective gene except as a latent recessive type.
Inhibition of activated protein C by platelets.
Authors: S M Jane, C A Mitchell, L Hau, H H Salem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Activated protein C (APC), an anticoagulant that acts by inactivating Factors Va and VIIIa, is dependent on a suitable surface for its action. In this study we examined the ability of human platelets to provide this surface and support APC-mediated anticoagulant effects. The activity of APC was examined in three systems: the Factor Xa recalcification time of Al(OH)3 adsorbed plasma, studies of thrombin generation in recalcified plasma, and assessment of the rate of inactivation of purified Factor Va. In comparison with phospholipid, intact platelets required significantly greater concentrations of APC to achieve a similar degree of anticoagulation. When washed platelet membranes were substituted for intact platelets, adequate support of APC was observed and the anticoagulant effect was similar to that obtained with phospholipid. Platelet releasate obtained by stimulation of platelets with thrombin and epinephrine contained an inhibitor that interfered with the ability of phospholipid and washed platelet membranes to catalyze the anticoagulant effects of APC. A noncompetitive inhibition was suggested by Dixon plot analysis of the interaction between platelet releasate and APC. The activity of the platelet APC inhibitor was immediate and was not enhanced by heparin, distinguishing it from the circulating protein C inhibitor. The presence of this inhibitor in the platelet and its release with platelet stimulation emphasizes the procoagulant role of this cell.