tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Letter Regarding Article “Acute Administration of Fish Oil Inhibits Triggered Activity in Isolated Myocytes From Rabbits and Patients With Heart Failure”
Authors: Hester M. den Ruijter, Géza Berecki, Arie O. Verkerk, Diane Bakker, Antonius Baartscheer, Cees A. Schumacher, Charly N.W. Belterman, Jan W.T. Fiolet, Ruben Coronel, Nicolaas de Jonge, Ingeborg A. Brouwer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

From Rabbits and Patients With Heart Failure"We thank Drs Pignier and LeGrand for their interest in our work. 1In their letter, Drs Pignier and LeGrand express their belief that inhibition of the persistent component of the sodium current (I Na,P ) constitutes a key mechanism of the antiarrhythmic properties of 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in heart failure in our study, 1 a factor not mentioned by us.We agree that persistent I Na,P , if present, may contribute to Ca 2ϩ overload-induced arrhythmogenesis in heart failure.In our model of heart failure, however, elevated [Na ϩ ] i originated from increased activity of the Na ϩ /H ϩ exchanger, leading to [Ca 2ϩ ] i overload through the Na ϩ /Ca 2ϩ exchanger; I Na,P was absent. 2 We cannot exclude I Na,P in human myocytes, although similarity of the response to 3polyunsaturated fatty acids makes species differences less probable.In addition, reductions in [Ca 2ϩ ] i levels after application of 3polyunsaturated fatty acids have been observed in isolated myocytes from both healthy and diseased hearts 1,3,4 and are therefore likely independent of I Na,P .4][5] Therefore, we excluded the possibility that the antiarrhythmic mechanism of 3-polyunsaturated fatty acids is related to inhibition of I Na,P , at least in the rabbit model of heart failure.
Psychosocial Factors That Shape Patient and Carer Experiences of Dementia Diagnosis and Treatment: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Frances Bunn, Claire Goodman, Katie Sworn, Greta Rait, Carol Brayne, Louise Robinson, Elaine McNeilly, Steve Iliffe
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Background Early diagnosis and intervention for people with dementia is increasingly considered a priority, but practitioners are concerned with the effects of earlier diagnosis and interventions on patients and caregivers. This systematic review evaluates the qualitative evidence about how people accommodate and adapt to the diagnosis of dementia and its immediate consequences, to guide practice. Methods and Findings We systematically reviewed qualitative studies exploring experiences of community-dwelling individuals with dementia, and their carers, around diagnosis and the transition to becoming a person with dementia. We searched PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase, CINAHL, and the British Nursing Index (all searched in May 2010 with no date restrictions; PubMed search updated in February 2012), checked reference lists, and undertook citation searches in PubMed and Google Scholar (ongoing to September 2011). We used thematic synthesis to identify key themes, commonalities, barriers to earlier diagnosis, and support identified as helpful. We identified 126 papers reporting 102 studies including a total of 3,095 participants. Three overarching themes emerged from our analysis: (1) pathways through diagnosis, including its impact on identity, roles, and relationships; (2) resolving conflicts to accommodate a diagnosis, including the acceptability of support, focusing on the present or the future, and the use or avoidance of knowledge; and (3) strategies and support to minimise the impact of dementia. Consistent barriers to diagnosis include stigma, normalisation of symptoms, and lack of knowledge. Studies report a lack of specialist support particularly post-diagnosis. Conclusions There is an extensive body of qualitative literature on the experiences of community-dwelling individuals with dementia on receiving and adapting to a diagnosis of dementia. We present a thematic analysis that could be useful to professionals working with people with dementia. We suggest that research emphasis should shift towards the development and evaluation of interventions, particularly those providing support after diagnosis. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Proponents Gather to Discuss Practicing Evidence-Based Medicine
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

EVIDENCE-BASED medicine, the collection and analysis of evidence that the care a physician provides benefits a patient, is becoming widely accepted even if it is not always practiced. A number of converging factors contribute to this conclusion, according to those gathered at a meeting last month in Washington, DC, sponsored by a principal provider of practice guidelines, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR). But the idea that physicians should be certain that the treatment they give is beneficial dates back to at least the early years of this century. Evidence-based medicine has been defined as a conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of the current best evidence to make a decision about the care of patients. The more recent factors leading to this acceptance include increasing knowledge about what works and what does not; cost-control pressures that encourage efforts to ensure that therapies are efficacious; growing interest in
Prevalence of lysozyme sensitization in an egg‐allergic population
Authors: S. Frémont, G. Kanny, J. P. Nicolas, D. A. Moneret‐Vautrin
Journal: Allergy (1997)

An egg protein, lysozyme, is a still unlabeled additive currently used in cheese preparation. Furthermore, the WHO‐FAO committee considers it innocuous. However, 31% of children and 8% of adults with food allergies are allergic to eggs. This work aimed to determine the percentage of patients sensitized to lysozyme from a population of egg‐allergic patients. Specific IgE was determined with Cap RAST in 52 patients clinically allergic to egg. Thirty‐five percent of egg‐allergic patients had antilysozyme IgE. Given this high incidence of lysosozyme sensitization, it seems that the presence of lysozyme should be indicated on food labels.
Specific SIRT1 Activation Mimics Low Energy Levels and Protects against Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders by Enhancing Fat Oxidation
Authors: Jérôme N. Feige, Marie Lagouge, Carles Canto, Axelle Strehle, Sander M. Houten, Jill C. Milne, Philip D. Lambert, Chikage Mataki, Peter J. Elliott, Johan Auwerx
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2008)
Activation of NF-κB and STAT3 in rat oval cells during 2-acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy-induced liver regeneration
Authors: Aránzazu Sánchez, Valentina M. Factor, Insa S. Schroeder, Peter Nagy, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Proliferation and differentiation of hepatic stem cell progenies (i.e., oval cells) sustain liver regeneration when the replicative and functional capacity of hepatocytes is impaired. The signaling pathways that control stem cell activation remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the involvement of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in oval cell-mediated liver regeneration induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene/partial hepatectomy (AAF/PH) protocol. Using OV1 as a marker for identification and sorting of oval cells, we established that both NF-kappaB and STAT3 were highly activated in the OV1(+) cell population. Three distinct subpopulations of oval cells were defined as OV1(low), OV1(medium), and OV1(high), based on the intensity of OV1 staining. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that they represent different stages of oval cell differentiation along hepatocyte lineage. OV1(low) cells displayed the least differentiated phenotype as judged by high expression of c-kit and lack of hepatocytic differentiation markers, whereas OV1(high) cells lost c-kit expression, were more proliferative, and acquired more mature hepatocytic phenotype. Notably, NF-kappaB was activated uniformly in all three subpopulations of oval cells. In contrast, phosphorylation of STAT3 was detected only in OV1(high) cells. In conclusion, transcriptional activity supported by NF-kappaB and STAT3 is required for oval cell activation, expansion, and differentiation. The differential induction of NF-kappaB and STAT3 point to a distinct role for these transcription factors at different stages of hepatic stem cell differentiation.
Recombinant Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Injury by Inhibiting Leukocyte Activation
Authors: PERENLEI ENKHBAATAR, KENJI OKAJIMA, KAZUNORI MURAKAMI, MITSUHIRO UCHIBA, HIROAKI OKABE, KAZUTOSHI OKABE, YASUO YAMAGUCHI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is an important physiologic inhibitor of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation system. We investigated whether recombinant TFPI (rTFPI) could reduce pulmonary vascular injury by inhibiting leukocyte activation in rats given lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pre- or posttreatment of animals with rTFPI significantly inhibited LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury, as well as coagulation abnormalities. rTFPI significantly inhibited increases in lung tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α , cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, and myeloperoxidase. Expression of TNF- α messenger RNA in the lung after LPS administration was significantly reduced by rTFPI administration. However, neither DX-9065a, a selective inhibitor of Factor Xa, nor recombinant Factor VIIa treated with dansyl-glutamylglycylarginyl-chloromethyl ketone, a selective inhibitor of Factor VIIa, had any effects on LPS-induced pulmonary vascular injury despite their potent anticoagulant effects. rTFPI significantly inhibited TNF- α production by LPS-stimulated monocytes in vitro. rTFPI also significantly inhibited several formyl-Met-Leu-Phe–induced neutrophil functions, as well as increases in the expression of CD11b and CD18 on the neutrophil cell surface in vitro. Additionally, rTFPI inhibited increases in levels of intracellular calcium, a second messenger of neutrophil activation, in formyl-Met-Leu-Phe–stimulated neutrophils in vitro. These results strongly suggested that rTFPI reduces pulmonary vascular injury by inhibiting leukocyte activation, as well as coagulation abnormalities in rats given LPS.
A Balancing Act
Authors: Jennifer Adams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

On Being a Doctor7 August 2012A Balancing ActJennifer Adams, MDJennifer Adams, MDFrom Denver Health and Hospital Authority and the University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80204.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-3-201208070-00015 Audio Reading - “A Balancing Act” Audio. Listen to a reading of "A Balancing Act" by Jennifer Adams, MD. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Nicole appeared on my primary care schedule the first week of every month. She was 29 years old when she began seeing me for management of migraine headaches, uncontrolled type 1 diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency, and major depression. She was unemployed, was without stable housing, and was a single mother of 3 children. She had been prescribed low-dose oxycodone 6 years prior to use only for severe refractory headaches. Over the years, we slowly increased her daily dose as she reported uncontrolled migraine pain. I told her numerous times that I thought opioids were inappropriate treatment for migraines, but alternative ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Denver Health and Hospital Authority and the University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80204.Note: Patient name and some details of the case have been changed to protect confidentiality.Acknowledgment: The author thanks Ingrid Binswanger, MD, MPH, and John Steiner, MD, for their help with preparation of the manuscript.Corresponding Author: Jennifer Adams, MD, Denver Health and Hospital Authority, 1100 Federal Boulevard, MC 3000, Denver, CO 80204; e-mail, [email protected]. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “A Balancing Act” Audio. Listen to a reading of "A Balancing Act" by Jennifer Adams, MD. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDiagnosis and treatment of narcotic bowel syndrome 7 August 2012Volume 157, Issue 3Page: 215-216KeywordsChildrenMigraineOpioidsOxycodonePain managementPatientsRenal diseasesTreatment guidelinesType 1 diabetesWeaning ePublished: 7 August 2012 Issue Published: 7 August 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The future of EPAC-targeted therapies: agonism versus antagonism
Authors: Euan Parnell, Timothy M. Palmer, Stephen J. Yarwood
Journal: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (2015)

Pharmaceutical manipulation of cAMP levels exerts beneficial effects through the regulation of the exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC) and protein kinase A (PKA) signalling routes. Recent attention has turned to the specific regulation of EPAC isoforms (EPAC1 and EPAC2) as a more targeted approach to cAMP-based therapies. For example, EPAC2-selective agonists could promote insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, whereas EPAC1-selective agonists may be useful in the treatment of vascular inflammation. By contrast, EPAC1 and EPAC2 antagonists could both be useful in the treatment of heart failure. Here we discuss whether the best way forward is to design EPAC-selective agonists or antagonists and the current strategies being used to develop isoform-selective, small-molecule regulators of EPAC1 and EPAC2 activity.
Meta-analysis of side effects of statins shows need for trial transparency
Authors: B. Goldacre
Journal: BMJ (2014)

As Wise reported,1 our meta-analysis looked at side effects in randomised trials of statins and found that many, such as muscle aches, were reported to an equal degree by participants taking a placebo. Those side effects may therefore be partly non-pharmacological, and due to negative expectations, or the “nocebo” effect, as has been …
Forced Respiration. Letter from Dr. Fell.
Authors: Geo. E. Fell
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Your correspondent, Dr. Herzog, of Hoboken, N. J., leads me to believe from the tenor of his article on "Forced Respiration," in the May 9th number ofThe Journal, that he has not read my address upon this subject with that care which it deserved. Had he done so, I am inclined to believe that so much of the valuable space ofThe Journalwould not have been given to the elaborate account of an instrument which undoubtedly was never used to save human life; or, if it had been, it would likely have failed ingloriously. I will not now be surprised if some one should add that Hippocrates had thought of forced respiration, and even devised an apparatus to perform it with. John Hunter did both, and possibly others, but we have no record of any of these noted men having applied their invention to the
Controlled prospective randomised trial on the effects on pulmonary haemodynamics of the ambulatory long term use of nitric oxide and oxygen in patients with severe COPD
Authors: K Vonbank
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Pulmonary hypertension is a frequent complication of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this condition. Based on the improved survival of these patients due to long term oxygen therapy and the potent and selective pulmonary vasodilation by inhaled nitric oxide, the safety and effectiveness of the combined inhalation of these two gases over a 3 month period was assessed.Forty patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension due to COPD were randomly assigned to receive either oxygen alone or "pulsed" inhalation of nitric oxide with oxygen over a period of 3 months. "Pulsed" inhalation of nitric oxide was used to reduce pulmonary ventilation-perfusion mismatch and formation of toxic reaction products of nitric oxide and oxygen.Compared with oxygen alone, the combined inhalation of nitric oxide and oxygen caused a significant decrease in mean (SE) pulmonary artery pressure (from 27.6 (4.4) mm Hg to 20.6 (4.9) mm Hg, p<0.001) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (from 569.7 (208.1) to 351.3 (159.9) dyne x s(-1) x cm(-5) x m(-2), p<0.001) without decreasing arterial oxygenation. Cardiac output increased by 0.5 litres (from 5.6 (1.3) l/min to 6.1 (1.0) l/min, p=0.025). Systemic haemodynamics and left heart function remained unchanged during this period and no increase in toxic reaction products of nitric oxide was observed.This is the first controlled trial indicating that the "pulsed" inhalation of nitric oxide together with oxygen may be safely and effectively used for the long term treatment of severe COPD.
Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation.
Authors: Leroy D. Vandam
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This is the most complete treatise on cardiac arrest and resuscitation that has come to the reviewer's attention. The writer, a thoracic surgeon, again and again demonstrates his competence to discuss this important problem and also shows an excellent grasp of the factors in anesthesia that lead to the catastrophe. Yet his message is addressed to a wide audience: to the surgeon, the radiologist, dentist, obstetrician, pediatrician, cardiologist and general practitioner, each of whom has a special interest in this matter. In succession the chapters deal with the historical background, define the problem, discuss the pathology and etiology, emphasize prevention and the means of early diagnosis, and clearly depict treatment. The photographs are most helpful in demonstrating techniques of resuscitation. The final three chapters go beyond the usual in discussing restoration of the heart beat, the treatment of anoxic brain damage, and resuscitation in special cases. All this is done
High risk clinical characteristics for subarachnoid haemorrhage in patients with acute headache: prospective cohort study
Authors: J. J. Perry, I. G. Stiell, M. L. A. Sivilotti, M. J. Bullard, J. S. Lee, M. Eisenhauer, C. Symington, M. Mortensen, J. Sutherland, H. Lesiuk, G. A. Wells
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To identify high risk clinical characteristics for subarachnoid haemorrhage in neurologically intact patients with headache. <b>Design</b> Multicentre prospective cohort study over five years. <b>Setting</b> Six university affiliated tertiary care teaching hospitals in Canada. Data collected from November 2000 until November 2005. <b>Participants</b> Neurologically intact adults with a non-traumatic headache peaking within an hour. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Subarachnoid haemorrhage, as defined by any of subarachnoid haemorrhage on computed tomography of the head, xanthochromia in the cerebrospinal fluid, or red blood cells in the final sample of cerebrospinal fluid with positive results on angiography. Physicians completed data collection forms before investigations. <b>Results</b> In the 1999 patients enrolled there were 130 cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage. Mean (range) age was 43.4 (16-93), 1207 (60.4%) were women, and 1546 (78.5%) reported that it was the worst headache of their life. Thirteen of the variables collected on history and three on examination were reliable and associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage. We used recursive partitioning with different combinations of these variables to create three clinical decisions rules. All had 100% (95% confidence interval 97.1% to 100.0%) sensitivity with specificities from 28.4% to 38.8%. Use of any one of these rules would have lowered rates of investigation (computed tomography, lumbar puncture, or both) from the current 82.9% to between 63.7% and 73.5%. <b>Conclusion</b> Clinical characteristics can be predictive for subarachnoid haemorrhage. Practical and sensitive clinical decision rules can be used in patients with a headache peaking within an hour. Further study of these proposed decision rules, including prospective validation, could allow clinicians to be more selective and accurate when investigating patients with headache.
HYDATIDIFORM KERATINOUS CYST: CLINICAL RECOGNITION OF A BENIGIN PROLIFERATING EPIDERMOID CYST*
Authors: WALTER B. SHELLEY, HERMAN BEERMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article HYDATIDIFORM KERATINOUS CYST: CLINICAL RECOGNITION OF A BENIGIN PROLIFERATING EPIDERMOID CYST Get access WALTER B. SHELLEY, WALTER B. SHELLEY Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr Shelley, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HERMAN BEERMAN HERMAN BEERMAN Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 2, 1 August 1970, Pages 279–281, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15700.x Published: 01 August 1970
Latex allergens in glove‐powdering slurries
Authors: M. Lundberg, K. Wrangsjö, S. G. O. Johansson
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Exposure to airborne glove powder contaminated with latex allergens is known to provoke respiratory symptoms in latex‐sensitized individuals. In the commonly used wet‐powdering process in glove manufacturing, powder is applied by dipping gloves in a cornstarch suspension, a slurry. The slurry is a potential source of allergen contamination of the powder. The protein and latex allergen contents in five different slurries and in extracts from the corresponding latex gloves were measured using the BCA assay and the IgE antibody inhibition assay (EAI assay). Latex allergens were found in all slurries and gloves. No correlation between the values of protein contents and allergen contents was found. Wet powdering of gloves induces a risk of latex protein contamination of the cornstarch.
Procaine Penicillin G for Aqueous Injection
Authors: Edwin J. Pulaski, James F. Connell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

RECENT developments in penicillin-therapy dosage schedules have resulted in numerous studies dealing with the significance of blood levels. The object of this communication is to report data concerning the blood plasma penicillin levels and urine concentration curves following intramuscular administration of aqueous solution of procaine penicillin (Crysticillin).§This procaine salt is relatively insoluble in aqueous solutions and body fluids, and this property forms the basis of a new principle in penicillin administration. It has been demonstrated that the addition of dried sodium carboxymethylcellulose to dry crystalline procaine penicillin G results in a stable suspension in diluents containing water. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose . . .
Introduction of the Discussion The Influence of Social and Cultural Patterns on Psychosomatic Disorders
Authors: H. Musaph
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

Psychosomatic medicine started from the very beginning from the working hypothesis that in a disorder transpersonal processes play an important role and that each individual is a point of junction in the family network. Transcultural psychosomatic medicine is based on this working hypothesis. Examples are given of investigations in kibbutz children in Israel compared with children in traditional family settings a few miles away.