tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Centenary: Charcot's other joints.
Authors: J T Scott
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1969)

For more than 60 years the mainstream of investigation into the pathogenesis of gout centred in the mechanism of hyperuricaemia while recently urate crystal-induced arthritis had rekindled interest.Little attention, however, had been drawn to the deposition of these urate crystals in body tissues.It was the purpose of this experimentation to substantiate at a biochemical level heretofore anatomical observations of the predilection of urate crystals to deposit in the connective tissues such as cartilage and synovia.To this end it was demonstrated that an important ground substance com- ponent, PPL, a protein-polysaccharide containing chondroitin sulphate, was capable of augmenting urate solubility and inhibiting urate crystallization at 4°C.A similar substance had been identified in the sera of both normal subjects and those with gout.It travelled electrophoretically with the alpha and beta globulins and was primarily responsible for the ability of serum to hold more urate in solution than buffers of identical molarity and hydrogen ion concentration.Alteration of the urate-bound PPL molecule resulted in precipitation of urate crystals in a manner proposed to occur in vivo.Utilizing this material, a schema was evolved which provided a new concept for the development of gout in man.Discussion.-DR.J. T. Scorr (London) asked if this hypothesis explained the predilection of urates to deposit in the great toe.DR. KATZ felt that it would be interesting to analyse the nature of the polysaccharide in cartilage from various sites.
[395] MUTATIONS IN THE PRECORE REGION OF ASIAN HEPATITIS B VIRUS GENOTYPE C AFFECTING HEPATITIS B e ANTIGEN PRODUCTION
Authors: S.H. Ahn, H.Y. Chang, M.E. Lee, K.H. Kim, Y.H. Paik, K.S. Lee, K.H. Han, C.Y. Chon, Y.M. Moon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Abstract 4091: RapidCap: A new generation of mouse models for prostate cancer.
Authors: Hyejin Cho, Tali Herzka, Wu Zheng, Mireia Castillo-Martin, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Lloyd C. Trotman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Genetically Engineered Mouse Models are the gold standard for functional cancer research. However, the associated time and cost requirements severely limit their application. As a consequence, projects carry typically a high risk, are lengthy, and scientists become ‘locked in’ with a few chosen candidate alterations. To realize the full potential of mouse modeling technology we have developed RapidCaP, a system that relies on surgical gene transfer. Through prostate speciﬁc delivery of transgenic virus we can 1) reduce model generation times from several years to a few weeks, 2) test various genetic alterations such as loss or gain of function, alone or in combination, and 3) use non-invasive imaging to monitor disease progression. Using RapidCaP, we show that focal loss of Pten and Trp53 genes triggers prostate lesions within 2 months. Furthermore, we ﬁnd that this disease responds to castration by strong regression within several weeks, but it later relapses to produce lethal hormone refractory disease. Taken together, our approach establishes a novel platform for basic prostate cancer research and it realizes the goal of carrying out pre-clinical studies in genetically engineered mice. Citation Format: Hyejin Cho, Tali Herzka, Wu Zheng, Mireia Castillo-Martin, Carlos Cordon-Cardo, Lloyd C. Trotman. RapidCap: A new generation of mouse models for prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4091. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4091
Salmeterol Xinafoate vs Albuterol in Asthma: Was Race a Factor?-Reply
Authors: Christopher O. Olopade
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The majority of the patients in our study were white (93% in the placebo group, 86% in the salmeterol group, and 91% in the albuterol group); 2%, 4%, and 5%, respectively, were African American, and 4%, 8%, and 4%, respectively, were Hispanic. Because of the small number of nonwhites in the study, no statistical analyses were performed to compare differences in efficacy among ethnic groups.
Crohn Disease and Intestinal Transplantation
Authors: J. Michael Millis
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Irreversible hypoglycemia. A complication of alcohol and insulin
Authors: R. A. Arky
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The glucose-lowering action of alcohol augments that of other hypoglycemic agents and may induce severe hypoglycemia with irreversible neurological changes. Five insulin-dependent diabetics were hospitalized with severe hypoglycemia after an alcohol debauch. Three of the five had permanent damage to the nervous system, while the other two patients died without recovery from initial coma. Infusion of alcohol during a standard insulin tolerance test in six healthy subjects inhibited the usual rebound of glucose after hypoglycemia. Alcohol interferes with hepatic glyconeogenesis and induces hypoglycemia whenever giyconeogenesis is required to maintain normal glucose levels. Diabetics receiving other hypoglycemic agents should be warned about the blood glucose-lowering action of alcohol.
Acute adrenal failure associated with fluconazole after administration of high‐dose cyclophosphamide
Authors: Shigeru Shibata, Masahiro Kami, Yoshinobu Kanda, Utako Machida, Hiroshi Iwata, Yukiko Kishi, Akira Takeshita, Shigesaburo Miyakoshi, Jun‐ichi Ueyama, Shin‐ichi Morinaga, Yoshitomo Mutou
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract A 63‐year‐old man received high‐dose cyclophosphamide for peripheral blood stem‐cell (PBSC) harvest. He received 200 mg fluconazole. On day 3, atrial fibrillation developed with blood pressure declining to 78 mmHg. The rapid adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) test showed blunted adrenal responses. He was suspected as having adrenal failure, and fluconazole was discontinued. The rapid ACTH test became normal on Day 14, and PBSCs were successfully harvested. To clarify the association between adrenal failure and fluconazole, we resumed 400 mg fluconazole on Day 16 and repeated the test on Day 21, which showed blunted adrenal responses. This case demonstrates that prophylactic use of fluconazole can cause adrenal insufficiency. Am. J. Hematol. 66:303–305, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of TGF-beta on cow's milk-specific T cells derived from allergic and non-allergic children
Authors: M.M. Tiemessen, S. Kunzmann, C.B. Schmidt-Weber, M.A. Hoijer, C.A.F. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, E. Van Hoffen, E.F. Knol
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Vascular Lesions in Infants with Congenital Rubella
Authors: JOHN R. ESTERLY, ELLA H. OPPENHEIMER
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Vascular lesions were reviewed in 13 autopsied infants with congenital defects of maternal rubella. The characteristic finding was intimal fibromuscular proliferation. The internal elastic lamella and media were almost always unchanged, even in the presence of a greatly thickened intima. These arterial changes appeared to be unlike other vascular lesions described in infancy. Severe and extensive lesions were found in four infants, and lesser changes in another five. The lesions in the pulmonary artery were probably related to clinically diagnosed peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. Ostial stenosis of a renal artery was found in an infant with documented systemic hypertension.
Oedema of Glottis Treated by Tracheotomy
Authors: J. D. Little
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Background/Aim: CHORUS and EORTC55971 trials demonstrated that neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) or primary debulking surgery (PDS) offered the same survival rates. These trials have since been criticised due to poor surgical complexity. We compared overall (OS), progression free (PFS), and platinum sensitivity in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) patients undergoing IDS or PDS, who had received either intermediate or high complexity surgery to achieve complete cytoreduction. Patients and Methods: All patients with AOC treated between February 2014 and May 2019 obtaining complete cytoreduction with intermediate/high surgical complexity were included. Recurrence was defined according to GCIG criteria on radiological findings and/or CA125 levels. Results: Seventy-one patients (38 PDS and 33 IDS) with full recurrence data were identified. No statistical difference was seen between groups in OS, PFS or platinum sensitive interval. Conclusion: PDS or IDS were both acceptable treatment options for AOC, showing similar survival and platinum sensitivity outcomes in patients undergoing intermediate or high complexity surgery.
The Family Covenant and Genetic Testing
Authors: David J. Doukas, Jessica W. Berg
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2001)

The physician-patient relationship has changed over the last several decades, requiring a systematic reevaluation of the competing demands of patients, physicians, and families. In the era of genetic testing, using a model of patient care known as the family covenant may prove effective in accounting for these demands. The family covenant articulates the roles of the physician, patient, and the family prior to genetic testing, as the participants consensually define them. The initial argument defines the boundaries of autonomy and benefit for all participating family members. The physician may then serve as a facilitator in the relationship, working with all parties in resolving potential conflicts regarding genetic information. The family covenant promotes a fuller discussion of the competing ethical claims that may come to bear after genetic test results are received.
External Mechanical Cardiac Stimulation
Authors: Paul M. Zoll, Alan H. Belgard, Matthew J. Weintraub, Howard A. Frank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

TEMPORARY cardiac stimulation in the emergency resuscitation from cardiac arrest and in other less urgent conditions is generally applied by way of a pervenous endocardial electrode and an external electric pacemaker. Search for a more quickly and easily applied, noninvasive, reliably effective, safe and well tolerated method of temporary cardiac stimulation has led us to re-examine external electrical and mechanical stimulation. The technic of external electric stimulation was developed in 1950 and was applied successfully in man in 1952.* Electric pacemakers for both external and direct cardiac stimulation are still in use.† This method meets all the requirements listed, except . . .
Focused Regional FDG PET/CT Detects More Osseous Metastases Than Does Whole-Body PET/CT
Authors: Alireza Mojtahedi, Steven B. Solomon, Gary A. Ulaner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A patient with melanoma underwent FDG PET/CT for surveillance of metastatic disease. The whole-body PET/CT scan demonstrated a single FDG-avid lesion in the left ilium, suggestive of an osseous metastasis. Because there was no corresponding CT abnormality, biopsy was planned using PET/CT guidance. The PET/CT for biopsy guidance focused over a single pelvic bed position demonstrated at least 12 FDG-avid osseous metastases, which were not apparent on the original whole-body PET/CT. This case highlights the limitations of whole-body PET/CT in the detection of small metastases and suggests that a PET/CT focused over a specific body region can improve the sensitivity of detecting small metastases.
Role Of Basophil Activation Test For Identifying Subjects With Local Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Paloma Campo, Carmen Rondon, Enrique Gómez, Esther Barrionuevo Sanchez, Luisa Galindo, J.A. Huertas, Cristobalina Mayorga, Miguel Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Parathyroid hormone alone is as effective as combination in treating osteoporosis
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Combining parathyroid hormone with the osteoporosis drug alendronate does not seem to increase bone density any more than parathyroid hormone alone.

“It looks like you don't see the synergism or additive effect that we had hoped to see,” said Dennis Black, professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at the University of California, San Francisco, and the study's lead investigator.

The study was published in the online version of the New England Journal of Medicine ahead of schedule to coincide with presentations at a meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and appears in the print journal on 25 September (2003;349:1019-26).

The interim results come from a one year study, sponsored …
Importance of the Thumb
Authors: Richard A. Kirkpatrick
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I've always chuckled at the irony of the robber being robbed, the plumber's pipes freezing, or the electrician's house suffering power failure. My family always laughs when I, the physician, become ill with the routine illnesses we physicians dismiss as "common URI," or "simple gastroenteritis." Recently, when such a seemingly minor ailment caused drastic changes in my routine, it forced me to consider the patient's plight under similar circumstances. What seemed like a simple sprain of the right thumb from playing ball at the gym, the next morning became a threat to my existence. The doublesized digit throbbed when I awoke; I expected that. But when I found I couldn't hold the soap in the shower, the seriousness of the occasion began to sink in. I hoped my associates would forgive me for not washing portions of the left hemithorax that were rendered inaccessible. Next I discovered
Review shows that cannabis use is a risk factor for schizophrenia
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Public health researchers in the Netherlands now believe that there is “converging evidence” to show that using cannabis is a risk factor for schizophrenia.

Researchers from the Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction warn that cannabis approximately doubles the risk of schizophrenia and that the risk increases in proportion to the amount of the drug used.

The researchers draw their conclusions from a review of five longitudinal studies recently published in four medical journals, including the British Medical Journal ( Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 2003;44:2178-83).

Data from these studies, which were …
Switch off the light on cycling, switch off the light on doping
Authors: G Lippi, M Franchini, G Cesare Guidi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

There is rather a long history of fraud in sport competitions, and doping has plagued the Tour de France almost since its beginning in 1903, culminating on 13 July, 1967 with the dramatic death of British cyclist Tom Simpson on the climb of Mont Ventoux, attributed to the use of amphetamines and complicated by the now defunct practice of drinking as little as possible.1 Nearly a year after the 2006 “Tour de Chaos”, when nine riders who were implicated in an international doping probe based on blood transfusions were ruled out of the race and the winner of the yellow jersey tested positive for testosterone,2 a sequence of events again plagued the 2007 competition. First, a German rider was tested non-negative for testosterone in an out-of-competition antidoping control a few days before the start of the race. Then, an Italian rider tested “non-negative” in a doping test for testosterone after stage 11 and a Spanish rider was found guilty of …
Impact of dermoscopy and short-term sequential digital dermoscopy imaging for the management of pigmented lesions in primary care: a sequential intervention trial
Authors: S.W. Menzies, J. Emery, M. Staples, S. Davies, B. McAvoy, J. Fletcher, K.R. Shahid, G. Reid, M. Avramidis, A.M. Ward, R.C. Burton, J.M. Elwood
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Studies have shown the benign to malignant ratio of excised pigmented skin lesions is suboptimal in primary care. Objectives To assess the impact of dermoscopy and short‐term sequential digital dermoscopy imaging (SDDI) on the management of suspicious pigmented skin lesions by primary care physicians. Methods A total of 63 primary care physicians were trained in the use of dermoscopy and SDDI (interventions) and then recruited pigmented lesions requiring biopsy or referral in routine care by naked eye examination. They were then given a dermatoscope and the option of a SDDI instrument, and change of diagnosis and management was assessed. Results Following the use of the interventions on 374 lesions a total of 163 lesions (43·6%) were excised or referred, representing a reduction of 56·4%. Of the 323 lesions confirmed to be benign, 118 (36·5%) were excised or referred, leading to a reduction of 63·5% (P <0·0005) in those requiring excision or referral. The baseline naked eye examination benign to melanoma ratio was 9·5 : 1 which decreased to 3·5 : 1 after the diagnostic interventions (P <0·0005). Of the 42 malignant lesions included in the study (34 melanoma, six pigmented basal cell carcinoma and two Bowen disease) only one in situ melanoma was incorrectly managed (patient to return if changes occur) resulting in the correct management of 97·6% and 97·1% of malignant pigmented lesions and melanoma, respectively. Conclusions In a primary care setting the combination of dermoscopy and short‐term SDDI reduces the excision or referral of benign pigmented lesions by more than half while nearly doubling the sensitivity for the diagnosis of melanoma.
Cyclical Ovarian Function Resistant to Treatment with an Analogue of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone in McCune–Albright Syndrome
Authors: Florence Comite, Thomas H. Shawker, Ora H. Pescovitz, D. Lynn Loriaux, Gordon B. Cutler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

THE McCune–Albright syndrome was originally described in the 1930s as the triad of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, café-au-lait pigmentation, and precocious puberty.1 , 2 The mechanism of the precocious puberty has been unclear, with evidence for gonadotropin-mediated central precocious puberty in some cases and for gonadotropin-independent ovarian function in others.3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Other endocrinopathies in patients with the McCune–Albright syndrome have included hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, and hyperprolactinemia.1 2 3 4 , 6 7 8 9 10 , 13 , 14 , 16 17 18 19 20 These observations have led to the hypothesis that autonomous hyperfunction of several endocrine glands might explain the different syndromes of excess hormone production.5 6 7 8 In addition, autopsy evidence has shown hyperplasia of endocrine glands in the McCune–Albright . . .
Educational status, coronary heart disease, and coronary risk factor prevalence in a rural population of India
Authors: R Gupta, V P Gupta, N S Ahluwalia
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To define the association between educational level and prevalence of coronary heart disease and coronary risk factors in India. Design - Total community cross sectional survey with a doctor administered questionnaire, physical examination, and electrocardiography. <b>Setting</b>: A cluster of three villages in rural Rajasthan, Western India. <b>Subjects</b>: 3148 residents aged over 20 (1982 men, 1166 women) divided into various groups according to years of formal schooling. Results - Illiteracy and low educational levels were associated with less prestigious occupations (agricultural and farm labouring) and inferior housing. There was an inverse correlation of educational level with age (rank correlation: men -045, women -0.49). The prevalence of coronary heart disease (diagnosed by electrocardiography) was significantly higher among uneducated and less educated people and showed an inverse relation with education in both sexes. Among uneducated and less educated people there was a higher prevalence of the coronary risk factors smoking and hypertension. Educational level showed a significant inverse correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age showed that educational level had an inverse relation with prevalence of electrocardiographically diagnosed coronary heart disease (odds ratio: men 0.82, women 0.53), hypertension (men 0.88, women 0.56), and smoking (men 0.73, women 0.65) but not with hypercholesterolaemia and obesity. The inverse relation of coronary heart disease with educational level abated after adustment for smoking, physical activity, body mass index, and blood pressure (odds ratio: men 0.98, women 0.78). <b>Conclusion</b>: Uneducated and less educated people in rural India have a higher prevalence of coronary heart disease and of the coronary risk factors smoking and hypertension.
Two methods of assessment of methotrexate hepatotoxicity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P D Hall, M J Ahern, L R Jarvis, P Stoll, M A Jenner, H Harley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

Serial liver biopsy specimens from 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving a weekly dose of methotrexate 7.5-20 mg for a minimum of 12 months were assessed semiquantitatively and by a microcomputer image analysis system. The semiquantitative histological method showed a significant increase in pericellular collagen and in overall disease while morphometry showed a significant increase in pericellular, perivenular, and portal tract collagen. There was a significant correlation between the two methods, but morphometry had the advantage of objectivity and efficiency. There was no correlation between the increase in collagen and the accumulated dose of methotrexate, which suggests that other factors in addition to methotrexate may contribute to liver injury.
Assessment of DNA fingerprinting for rapid identification of outbreaks of systemic candidiasis.
Authors: R. Matthews, J. Burnie
Journal: BMJ (1989)

DNA fingerprinting was assessed as an improved typing system for Candida albicans aimed at speeding the implementation of cross infection control measures in outbreaks of systemic candidiasis. The study was carried out with 45 previously characterised isolates from five different outbreaks and with 96 unrelated isolates from a mixed control population. Sixteen different genotypes were produced. Results were obtainable within days, reproducibility was high, and there was good discrimination among different outbreaks. Compared with existing typing systems DNA fingerprinting provides a robust system that may be used rapidly to identify outbreaks of nosocomial candidiasis in laboratories with no specialist skill in typing C albicans.
Neo-aortic root dilation and regurgitation are progressive following the arterial switch operation
Authors: Bradley S. Marino, Gil Wernovsky, Dieuwertje L. Kreb, Suzan F. Mantel, Wendy L. van der Woerd, Danielle Visser, Erik Meijboom, Doff E. McElhinney, Rita T. Novello, Meryl S. Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)