tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long‐term results of single‐agent thalidomide as initial therapy for asymptomatic (smoldering or indolent) myeloma
Authors: Kristen Detweiler‐Short, Suzanne Hayman, Morie A. Gertz, Martha Q. Lacy, Angela Dispenzieri, Shaji Kumar, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Stephen J. Russell, John A. Lust, Robert A. Kyle, Philip R. Greipp, Thomas E. Witzig, S. Vincent Rajkumar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Abstract We report the long‐term follow‐up results of a phase II trial of thalidomide for early‐stage multiple myeloma (MM). Patients were eligible if they had smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) or indolent MM without the need for immediate therapy. Thalidomide was initiated at a dose of 200 mg/day and adjusted as tolerated. Disease progression was defined using modified American Society of Hematology/Food and Drug Administration consensus panel criteria for SMM. Thirty‐one patients were enrolled; 29 (19 SMM and 10 indolent MM) were eligible. The median age was 61 years. Median follow‐up of living patients was 10.2 years (range, 7.5‐11.0 years). Ten patients (34%) had a partial response (PR) and nine had minimal response (MR) for an MR plus PR rate of 66%. The median time to progression (TTP) to symptomatic myeloma was 35 months. Median TTP was 61 months in those achieving PR, 39 months with MR, and 9 months among those failing to achieve either MR or PR, P = 0.005. Median overall survival from diagnosis was 86 months; median survival from onset of symptomatic myeloma was 49 months. Grade 3‐4 nonhematologic adverse events were noted in 55% of patients. Randomized trials are needed to determine the role of early therapy in SMM. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Muscle Glycogenosis Due to Phosphoglucomutase 1 Deficiency
Authors: Tanya Stojkovic, John Vissing, François Petit, Monique Piraud, Mette C. Orngreen, Grete Andersen, Kristl G. Claeys, Claire Wary, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Pascal Laforêt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: Muscle glycogen storage diseases are rare inborn diseases caused by errors of metabolism associated with either dynamic, exercise-related symptoms or permanent muscle weakness. The m...
Factor predictive of a response to interferrcn cherapy in NANB chronic active hepatitis
Authors: J. Métteau, R. Pouoon, Y. Calmus, H. Jowanolle, J.P. Miguet, C. Bréchot, P. Cales, P. Rampal, A. Tran, M. Beaugrand, J.P. Capron, J.P. Zarski, M. Doffoel, E.A. Pariente, C. Lemonnier, D. Dhumeaux
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1990)
Study shows small rise in intellectual disability with intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A large Swedish study looking at the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children born after different types of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedures has shown a small increase in the prevalence of intellectual disability and autism after use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection with sperm obtained by surgery in infertile men.1

It also found that children born after singleton pregnancies showed no increase in risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, when compared with children born after spontaneous conception, which the researchers said provided further evidence to support the transfer of single embryos in IVF procedures.

Commenting on the findings, Dagan Wells, a Biomedical Research Centre scientific leadership fellow at the Institute of Reproductive Sciences at Oxford University, said, “In general, the results …
Aplastic Crisis or Erythroid Hypoplasia?
Authors: Terence Chorba
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent issue, Lefrere and Decazes<sup>1</sup>presented the clinical observation of thrombocytopenia with or without leukopenia occurring in 16 of 29 patients with underlying hemolytic anemia and human parvovirus B19—associated "aplastic crisis," supporting the hypothesis that the pathology caused by B19 infection is not confined to the erythroid compartment.<sup>2</sup>Whereas B19 has previously been shown in vitro to inhibit erythroid colony formation and to replicate in erythroid cells,<sup>3</sup>laboratory evidence to explain the occurrence of thrombocytopenia and neutropenia observed in some cases of B19 infection has so far been lacking. Kurtzman et al<sup>4</sup>have now demonstrated the presence of B19 DNA exclusively associated with high-density cells after Ficoll-Hypaque separation of peripheral blood from a B19-infected patient who had no circulating normoblasts. Erythroid hypoplasia remains the principal clinical observation and focus of concern in persons with hemolytic anemia who are infected with B19.
Clinical and Bacteriological Studies with Clindamycin
Authors: A. M. Geddes, F. A. J. Bridgwater, D. N. Williams, J. Oon, G. J. Grimshaw
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Fifty patients have been treated with clindamycin, a chemical analogue of lincomycin. Forty-four responded satisfactorily to treatment. Gastrointestinal side-effects were rare though five patients developed rashes. Most recently isolated staphylococci are clindamycin-sensitive.
CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: Robert E. Parrish
Journal: JAMA (1926)

W. L., a male infant, was born, Aug. 19, 1925, after normal labor lasting two hours and nine minutes, with left occipitoanterior presentation. The scalp was cyanotic, mucus coming from the mouth and nose. The crying was feeble. The child weighed 7 pounds (3.2 kg.). No external physical abnormalities were noted. Cyanosis was marked at times during the day of birth. A direct laryngoscopy was performed. The larynx was normal; the trachea was normal, and the small amount of mucus aspirated seemed to be located only in the pharynx and upper portion of the larynx. The heart was normal. A few moist râles were heard over the entire chest. Rectal feeding of glucose and whisky, given by mouth, resulted in regurgitation through the nose and mouth. Roentgen-ray examination, August 20, revealed a displacement of the heart to the right and evidence of air in the lungs. Rectal feedings were continued.
Pulmonary Toxicity of Amiodarone: Apparent Double Reporting of Four Cases
Authors: JORDAN S. WEINGARTEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1985Pulmonary Toxicity of Amiodarone: Apparent Double Reporting of Four CasesJORDAN S. WEINGARTEN, M.D.JORDAN S. WEINGARTEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-3-411_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The issue of the responsibility of authors has been addressed in this section previously. I wish to inform you of an occurrence indirectly involving your journal. Marchlinski and colleagues (1) have reported inAnnals of Internal Medicinefour cases of amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. This article was followed several months later by a report by Gefter and colleagues (2) in the journalRadiology, of the same four cases. The authors of the two articles were different, and quite possibly several of them were unaware that another group was independently writing up the same cases. However, mention is made...References1. MARCHLINSKIGANSLERWAXMANJOSEPHSON FTHM. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:839-45. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GEFTEREPSTEINPIETRAMILLER WDGW. Lung disease caused by amiodarone, a new antiarrhythmic agent. Radiology. 1983;147:339-44. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JORDAN S. WEINGARTEN, M.D.Affiliations: Southwestern Medical School Dallas, TX 75235▸Evidence in the four case reports in the Annals article and the four in Radiology suggests to me that the cases reported in the two journals are the same: ages, sex, clinical courses, and outcomes. If these are indeed the same cases, the apparent incidence of this adverse effect has been spuriously increased by doubled reporting. This problem from unidentifiable multiple reporting was discussed in an editorial note in our February issue: Abrutyn E. Better reporting of adverse drug reactions. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:264-5.—The Editor. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1985Volume 102, Issue 3Page: 411-411KeywordsAdverse reactionsDiagnostic radiologyToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Aubrey Milunsky, John W. Littlefield, Julian N. Kanfer, Edwin H. Kolodny, Vivian E. Shih, Leonard Atkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

THE fear of bearing a deformed or mentally defective child is a universal emotion shared by most women at some time during pregnancy. Usually, sympathetic counsel by the obstetrician suffices to keep the woman's worst fears from surfacing. In the particular cases in which a previous pregnancy resulted in a chromosomally abnormal offspring or one with known genetic disease, simple reassurance may fail, and chronic anxiety or severe depression may supervene. Genetic counseling based upon a method that could accurately diagnose disorders in utero would serve not only to allay many fears but also to prevent, if the parents desire . . .
SAR650984, A Novel Humanized CD38-Targeting Antibody, Demonstrates Potent Antitumor Activity in Models of Multiple Myeloma and Other CD38+ Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Jutta Deckert, Marie-Cécile Wetzel, Laura M. Bartle, Anna Skaletskaya, Victor S. Goldmacher, François Vallée, Qing Zhou-Liu, Paul Ferrari, Stéphanie Pouzieux, Charlotte Lahoute, Charles Dumontet, Adriana Plesa, Marielle Chiron, Pascale Lejeune, Thomas Chittenden, Peter U. Park, Véronique Blanc
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

The CD38 cell surface antigen is expressed in diverse hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and T-cell ALL. Here, we assessed the antitumor activity of the anti-CD38 antibody SAR650984.Activity of SAR650984 was examined on lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma cell lines, primary multiple myeloma samples, and multiple myeloma xenograft models in immunodeficient mice.We identified a humanized anti-CD38 antibody with strong proapoptotic activity independent of cross-linking agents, and potent effector functions including complement-dependent cytotoxicity, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), equivalent in vitro to rituximab in CD20+ and CD38+ models. This unique antibody, termed SAR650984, inhibited the ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity of CD38, likely through an allosteric antagonism as suggested by 3D structure analysis of the complex. In vivo, SAR650984 was active in diverse NHL, ALL, and multiple myeloma CD38+ tumor xenograft models. SAR650984 demonstrated single-agent activity comparable with rituximab or cyclophosphamide in Daudi or SU-DHL-8 lymphoma xenograft models with induction of the proapoptotic marker cleaved capase-7. In addition, SAR650984 had more potent antitumor activity than bortezomib in NCI-H929 and Molp-8 multiple myeloma xenograft studies. Consistent with its mode of action, SAR650984 demonstrated potent proapoptotic activity against CD38+ human primary multiple myeloma cells.These results validate CD38 as a therapeutic target and support the current evaluation of this unique CD38-targeting functional antibody in phase I clinical trials in patients with CD38+ B-cell malignancies.
Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor BIIB021 (CNF2024) Depletes NF-κB and Sensitizes Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cells for Natural Killer Cell–Mediated Cytotoxicity
Authors: Boris Böll, Farag Eltaib, Katrin S. Reiners, Bastian von Tresckow, Samir Tawadros, Venkateswara R. Simhadri, Francis J. Burrows, Karen Lundgren, Hinrich P. Hansen, Andreas Engert, Elke Pogge von Strandmann
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: In Hodgkin's lymphoma, constitutive activation of NF-κB promotes tumor cell survival and proliferation. The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) has immune regulatory activity and supports the activation of NF-κB in Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. Experimental Design: We analyzed the effect of HSP90 inhibition on viability and NF-κB activity in Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and the consequences for their recognition and killing through natural killer (NK) cells. Results: The novel orally administrable HSP90 inhibitor BIIB021 (CNF2024) inhibited Hodgkin's lymphoma cell viability at low nanomolar concentrations in synergy with doxorubicin and gemcitabine. Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D binding assay revealed that BIIB021 selectively induced cell death in Hodgkin's lymphoma cells but not in lymphocytes from healthy individuals. We observed that BIIB021 inhibited the constitutive activity of NF-κB and this was independent of IκB mutations. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of HSP90 inhibition on NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity. BIIB021 induced the expression of ligands for the activating NK cell receptor NKG2D on Hodgkin's lymphoma cells resulting in an increased susceptibility to NK cell–mediated killing. In a xenograft model of Hodgkin's lymphoma, HSP90 inhibition significantly delayed tumor growth. Conclusions: HSP90 inhibition has direct antitumor activity in Hodgkin's lymphoma in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, HSP90 inhibition may sensitize Hodgkin's lymphoma cells for NK cell–mediated killing via up-regulation of ligands engaging activating NK cell receptors. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(16):5108–16)
Reply to Souza et al.
Authors: G. Cammarota, L. Larocca
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

The two cases described by Souza et al. are interesting because they draw attention to the possibility of colitis due to disinfecting electrolyzed solutions containing sodium chloride at low concentrations [1]. Both reported cases had endoscopic and histologic features resembling the so-called pseudolipomatosis. Other future observations will clarify whether the characteristic whitish plaques configuring the “snow white” sign are caused by the compounds of the electrolyzed acid water or whether they are due to technical failure in the rinsing of the endoscope channels. However, the low incidence of cases (two out of approximately 3000 exams per year) seems to indicate an accidental cause. We agree with the authors when they concluded that the pseudolipomatosis entity may have various causes that are not yet clearly understood. It seems certain, however, that the previously called pseudolipomatosis is caused by chemical agents, and therefore it seems correct to include it in the wider issue of “chemical colitis” [2]. Really, endoscopists should be aware of this possibility when observing the “snow white” sign during colonoscopy, which cannot be attributed to organic disease of the colon.
Neuronal degeneration and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Eric A. Schon, Giovanni Manfredi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Parkinson disease (PD); familial Parkinson disease (FPD); Alzheimer disease (AD); familial Alzheimer disease (FAD); amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS); oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS); reactive oxygen species (ROS); mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); ribosomal RNA (rRNA); transfer RNA (tRNA); nuclear DNA (nDNA); inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM); intermembrane space (IMS); mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS); myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF); ragged-red fiber (RRF); Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS); progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO); cytochrome c oxidase (CCO); Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON); Leigh syndrome (LS); Friedreich ataxia (FRDA); mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD); Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD); β-amyloid peptide (Aβ); progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP); terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ Is an Essential Transcriptional Regulator for Mitochondrial Protection and Biogenesis in Adult Heart
Authors: Peiyong Wang, Jian Liu, Yuquan Li, Sijie Wu, Jinwen Luo, Huan Yang, Ramasamy Subbiah, John Chatham, Olga Zhelyabovska, Qinglin Yang
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Rationale: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ, and δ/β) are nuclear hormone receptors and ligand-activated transcription factors that serve as key determinants of myocardial fatty acid metabolism. Long-term cardiomyocyte-restricted PPARδ deficiency in mice leads to depressed myocardial fatty acid oxidation, bioenergetics, and premature death with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Objective: To explore the essential role of PPARδ in the adult heart. Methods and Results: We investigated the consequences of inducible short-term PPARδ knockout in the adult mouse heart. In addition to a substantial transcriptional downregulation of lipid metabolic proteins, short-term PPARδ knockout in the adult mouse heart attenuated cardiac expression of both Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and manganese superoxide dismutase, leading to increased oxidative damage to the heart. Moreover, expression of key mitochondrial biogenesis determinants such as PPARγ coactivator-1 were substantially decreased in the short-term PPARδ deficient heart, concomitant with a decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Rates of palmitate and glucose oxidation were markedly depressed in cardiomyocytes of PPARδ knockout hearts. Consequently, PPARδ deficiency in the adult heart led to depressed cardiac performance and cardiac hypertrophy. Conclusions: PPARδ is an essential regulator of cardiac mitochondrial protection and biogenesis and PPARδ activation can be a potential therapeutic target for cardiac disorders.
Adverse events following acupuncture: prospective survey of 32 000 consultations with doctors and physiotherapists
Authors: A. White, S. Hayhoe, A. Hart, E. Ernst
Journal: BMJ (2001)

When prescribing drugs for use outside their licence, most specialists in palliative medicine do not routinely obtain verbal or written informed consent, document the reason for unlicensed use in the patient's notes, or inform other involved professionals of unlicensed use.When they do obtain consent, it is likely to be for the use of less established drugs and to be verbal rather than written.Strict adherence to the recommendations is not welcomed by palliative care specialists because of the number of drugs involved and the burden to patients and carers.This view is shared by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health-the use of drugs outside their licence is also common in paediatrics-which has stated that in general it is not necessary to obtain the explicit consent of parents, carers, or patients for un-licensed use.The royal college has also stated that NHS trusts and health authorities should support therapeutic practices that are advocated by a respectable, responsible body of professionals. 4 5
Effects of oral exposure to mining waste on in vivo dopamine release from rat striatum.
Authors: V M Rodríguez, L Dufour, L Carrizales, F Díaz-Barriga, M E Jiménez-Capdeville
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

Several single components of mining waste (arsenic, manganese, lead, cadmium) to which humans are exposed at the mining area of Villa de la Paz, Mexico, are known to provoke alterations of striatal dopaminergic parameters. In this study we used an animal model to examine neurochemical changes resulting from exposure to a metal mixture. We used microdialysis to compare in vivo dopamine release from adult rats subchronically exposed to a mining waste by oral route with those from a control group and from a sodium arsenite group (25 mg/kg/day). We found that arsenic and manganese do accumulate in rat brain after 2 weeks of oral exposure. The mining waste group showed significantly decreased basal levels of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC; 66.7 +/- 7.53 pg/ microl) when compared to a control group (113.7 +/- 14.3 pg/ microl). Although basal dopamine release rates were comparable among groups, when the system was challenged with a long-standing depolarization through high-potassium perfusion, animals exposed to mining waste were not able to sustain an increased dopamine release in response to depolarization (mining waste group 5.5 +/- 0.5 pg/ microl versus control group 21.7 +/- 5.8 pg/ microl). Also, DOPAC and homovanillic acid levels were significantly lower in exposed animals than in controls during stimulation with high potassium. The arsenite group showed a similar tendency to that from the mining waste group. In vivo microdialysis provides relevant data about the effects of a chemical mixture. Our results indicate that this mining waste may represent a health risk for the exposed population.
Recurrent Parietal Thromboendocarditis
Authors: CAMPBELL NICOL, H. EDWARD MACMAHON, A. S. BENENSON, THEODORE WINSHIP
Journal: Circulation (1953)

A rare condition, which generally occurs in young adults and may simulate coronary disease, isdiscussed. The patients are afebrile, with low blood pressures, fast weak pulses and marked irregularities in cardiac rhythm. They are unresponsive to therapy and may survive initial attacks only to succumb to a recurrence. In the portions of the endocardium uninvolved by mural thrombi, there is marked collagenized subendocardial thickening devoid of elastic tissue. The etiology is unknown.
PREHISTORIC SANITATION IN CRETE
Authors: T. H. M. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1903)

PREHISTORIC SANITATON N CRETE.3TtHB rm 597 these recommendations as " unworkable," and liable to lead to "friction and failure."The only practical point on whichl there is agreement is as to the advisability of the organiza- tion of a cadre of officers specially trained in sanitation.This does not, so far as we can judge, fully meet the require- ments of the case.Either tlhe further measures recommended by Dr. Simpson are practicable or not.If not, then alterna- tive practicable suggestions which do not appear in this report should be fortlhcoming.Will public opinion allow the matter to remain in its present most unsatisfactory condition ?
The consciousness of sight
Authors: A. Zeman
Journal: BMJ (1998)

We have known since before the first world war that area 17, at the occipital pole of the brain, contains a map of visual space.1 Stimulation of the brain at a given spot in the cortical map reliably excites a visual sensation at a corresponding point in space; damage will reliably extinguish vision there. The American neuroscientists David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel won the Nobel prize for physiology in 1981 for showing that some of the neurones in this map detect the edges and corners which are the elements of visual forms.

The simple picture of the striate cortex as a visual map that analyses shapes has been greatly embellished since then. Area 17 performs not one visual task but several: blobs of the visual cortex rich in the enzyme cytochrome oxidase are specialised to receive information about colour, while the areas between the blobs separate at least two further streams of information, describing motion, form, and depth. The explanation for so much parallel processing in the visual cortex was supplied by another major discovery.

Surrounding the striate cortex, and receiving the streams of visual information which flow from it, are upwards of 30 further maps of the visual world (fig 1). This comes as something of a shock, given that our everyday visual experience strikes us as being unified and orderly. Why are they there?



FIG 1 
Major visual areas of monkey brain. Sulci are arrowed. 11 (middle temporal) corresponds to area V5. Adapted from Douglas et al2



### Summary point

The visual world is mapped in as many as 30 visual areas beyond area V1, the primary visual cortex

There is a division of labour among these areas: area V4 specialises in …