tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Whole Body Retention of Tc-99m Phosphate in Paget??s Disease of Bone
Authors: ALEXANDER HADJIPAVLOU, ROBERT LISBONA, DON GARBUZ, JEAN-JACQUES ABIBTBOL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The effectiveness of the 24-hour whole body retention of Tc-99m MDP in monitoring disease activity was evaluated in 58 patients with Paget's disease of bone. Patients had baseline 24-hour retention studies, bone scans, radionuclide bone blood-flow studies, and alkaline phosphatase and OH-Proline level measurements. Increased retention of Tc-99m MDP was present in 88% (51/58) of individuals while alkaline phosphatase and OH-Proline were respectively elevated in 100% (58/58) and 64% (35/55) of patients. Forty-seven examinations were further obtained to evaluate changes in retention with therapy. Retention correctly reflected response to treatment in 89.3% of follow-ups versus 85.1% with alkaline phosphatase (n = 47). It was accurate in 90.9% of patients versus 75% for OH-Proline (n = 44). We conclude that the retention study, while not absolutely correlative with Pagetic activity, still is useful in grading the condition. It is a simple additional step that monitors the global severity of lesions localized on bone scans.
The Diagnosis of Megakaryoblastic Leukemia
Authors: LAURENCE CORASH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1986The Diagnosis of Megakaryoblastic LeukemiaLAURENCE CORASH, M.D., JAY H. BECKSTEAD, M.D.LAURENCE CORASH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAY H. BECKSTEAD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-123_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The position paper by the French-American-British (FAB) Cooperative Group (1) concerning the classification of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is timely but fails to mention the use of plastic-embedded bone marrow biopsies in the diagnostic evaluation of suspected hematopoietic malignancy. Several issues raised by Bloomfield and Brunning in their companion editorial (2), including sample availability, diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, utility, and cost effectiveness, may be resolved through the use of plastic-embedded biopsy sections (3).We have been using this approach to evaluate patients suspected of having leukemia and have made the diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in five patients. These...References1. BENNETTCATOVSKYDANIEL JDM. Criteria for the diagnosis of acute leukemia of megakaryocyte lineage (M7): a report of the French-American-British Cooperative Group. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:460-2. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BLOOMFIELDBRUNNING CR. FAB M7: acute megakaryoblastic leukemia—beyond morphology [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:450-2. LinkGoogle Scholar3. BECKSTEADHALVERSONRIESBAINTON JPCD. Enzyme histochemistry and immunohistochemistry on biopsy specimens of pathologic human bone marrow. Blood. 1981;57:1088-98. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BECKSTEAD J. Optimal antigen localization in human tissues using aldehyde fixed plastic-embedded sections. J Histochem Cytochem. 1985;33:954-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BECKSTEADSTENBERGMCEVERSHUMANBAINTON JPRMD. Immunohistochemical localization of membrane and alpha granule proteins in human megakaryocytes: application to plastic-embedded bone-marrow biopsy specimens. Blood. 1986;67(2).(In press). CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LAURENCE CORASH, M.D.; JAY H. BECKSTEAD, M.D.Affiliations: University of California San Francisco San Francisco, CA 94143 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1986Volume 104, Issue 1Page: 123-123KeywordsBiopsyBone marrowHematologic malignanciesSpecificity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF SURGERY
Authors: Rudolph Matas
Journal: JAMA (1941)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The opportunity for gathering together a number of the fellows of the International Society of Surgery was presented by their attendance at the recent clinical congress of the American College of Surgeons in Boston, November 3-7. The minutes of the meeting of certain American, Canadian and South American fellows of the International Society of Surgery at the Harvard Club of Boston, November 6, are as follows (forty-six fellows attended): A report was given of the inaccessibility of the executive staff of the society following the collapse of France and Belgium. It was pointed out that the president, Dr. Mayer, the secretary general, Dr. Dejardin, and the treasurer, Dr. Lorthioir, were all Belgians and that we had not been able to get in touch with them since the occupation of Belgium. It was pointed out that the National Committee for the United States and Canada, though it had
Average Doses in the Next Pharmacopeia.—A Protest.
Authors: J. Tracy Melvin
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Saguache, Colo., Oct. 20, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —At the last convention for the revision of the U. S. pharmacopeia an instruction was given to the revision committee to insert the average dose of each article. This was stated by one of the leaders to be merely a concession to the demand by physicians that the forthcoming revision should result in a more practical manual for their use. In this spirit it was adopted without debate or alteration. Conversation since that time with many of the delegates to that convention, as well as with professional gentlemen from all sections of the country, convinces us that average doses are not wanted in this work by either physicians or pharmacists, as in many instances they must be a wholly indeterminate quantity, owing to the wide range of conditions that are to be met, and under no circumstances could they be more than
When a woman asks for a caesarean section.
Authors: M H Hall
Journal: BMJ (1987)

mice or a freshly opened corpse; uraemia produces a fishy ammoniacal smell; and diabetic coma an acetone odour like sweet apples or hay.(Incidentally the breath ofthe child with diphtheria was easily recognised by ward sisters in fever hospitals, and I once confirmed this in a small blind trial.)Palliative measures for halitosis include breath sweeteners, peppermint, and spearmint.Mouthwashes and antibiotics upset the balance of micro-organisms and encourage resist- ant strains and moniliasis-so their prolonged use is inadvis- able.Chlorophyll tablets have been promoted with the idea that they absorb odours, but there is no evidence of this.Mercifully halitosis is likely to disturb only those others who come into close contact with the sufferer-and those who have it are usually unaware and friends do not tell.
Susceptibility of gram-negative aerobic bacilli from intra-abdominal pathogens to antimicrobial agents collected in the United States during 2011
Authors: Stephen P. Hawser, Robert E. Badal, Samuel K. Bouchillon, Daryl J. Hoban, Meredith A. Hackel, Douglas J. Biedenbach, Debra A. Goff
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Screening Surgeons for HIV Infection
Authors: Donald S. Burke, Arthur E. Brown
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 November 1995Screening Surgeons for HIV InfectionDonald S. Burke, MD and Arthur E. Brown, MD, MPHDonald S. Burke, MDWalter Reed Army Institute of Research; Rockville, MD 20850Search for more papers by this author and Arthur E. Brown, MD, MPHWalter Reed Army Institute of Research; Rockville, MD 20850Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-10-199511150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Owens and colleagues [1] conclude that counseling and testing all U.S. surgeons for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at a cost of $57 for each surgeon would not be a cost-effective approach for HIV control. However, the prevalence of HIV varies by more than 10-fold among U.S. states [2, 3]. We agree that routine HIV testing in low-prevalence areas does not make much sense, but we remain unconvinced that a more thoughtful, geographically targeted approach in severely affected states, districts, or cities might not be cost-effective. Furthermore, as we reported for the U.S. military [4], HIV screening programs ...References1. Owens DK, Harris RA, Scott PM, Nease RF Jr. Screening surgeons for HIV infection. A cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:641-52. Google Scholar2. Burke DS, Brundage JF, Goldenbaum M, Gardner LI, Peterson M, Visintine R, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus infections in teenagers: seroprevalence among applicants for US military service. JAMA. 1990; 263:2074-7. Google Scholar3. Wasser SC, Gwinn M, Fleming P. Urban-nonurban distribution of HIV infection in childbearing women in the United States. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1993; 6:1035-42. Google Scholar4. Brown AE, Burke DS. Cost of HIV testing in the U.S. Army. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332:963. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; Rockville, MD 20850 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1995Volume 123, Issue 10Page: 812-812KeywordsArmed forcesHIVHIV infectionsSurgeons Issue Published: 15 November 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prolonged atrial conduction. A major predisposing factor for the development of atrial flutter.
Authors: C V Leier, J A Meacham, S F Schaal
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Electrophysiological studies were performed during sinus rhythm on 21 patients who had demonstrated the spontaneous occurrence of sustained atrial flutter. The purpose was to determine if atrial conduction disease is a prediposing factor for the development of atrial flutter. Patients with atrial enlargement were excluded from the series. The control group consisted of 11 age-matched patients with normal electrocardiograms and electrophysiology studies. The flutter group showed prolongation of the mean right intra-atrial conduction time at 50 msec (control of 37 msec, P less than 0.05), the mean interatrial conduction time at 92 msec (control of 44 msec, P less than 0.001) and the mean P wave duration at 132 msec (control of 112 msec, P less than 0.01). The flutter group also demonstrated a higher incidence of sinus node dysfunction and ventricular conduction disease compared to the control group. These data indicate that patients who develop atrial flutter have atrial conduction disease. Atrial conduction disease appears to be 1) a major prediposing factor for the development of atrial flutter and 2) a part of the fibro-degenerative conduction disease spectrum.
TEACHING OPHTHALMOLOGY TO UNDERGRADUATES.
Authors: FRANK C. TODD
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Vast changes have been wrought in the practice of medicine in the past quarter century and its teaching has undergone radical metamorphosis. Time forbids, and necessity does not demand, a review of this evolution. Teaching, even to-day, is of secondary importance to the average medical teacher, practice demanding the most of his time and study, and as a consequence the whole scheme of teaching in most medical schools lacks system, and the different branches, and even different portions of a branch, are taught entirely independent of each other, no co-relation being observed. The chaos resulting from this medley is like a vaudeville. Each star and satellite performs his act, and when the final curtain rings down there is left with the spectator a sense of incompleteness, because the entire performance is devoid of plot. It is time, therefore, for us to pause in our scientific work and give some attention
Palliative Thoracic Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Can Quality-Of-Life Assessments Help in Selection of Patients for Short- or Long-Course Radiotherapy?
Authors: Stein Sundstrøm, Roy M. Bremnes, Paal Brunsvig, Ulf Aasebø, Stein Kaasa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2006)
Cardioprotective and Antiapoptotic Effects of Heme Oxygenase-1 in the Failing Heart
Authors: Guangwu Wang, Tariq Hamid, Rachel J. Keith, Guihua Zhou, Charles R. Partridge, Xilin Xiang, Justin R. Kingery, Robert K. Lewis, Qianhong Li, D. Gregg Rokosh, Rachael Ford, Francis G. Spinale, Daniel W. Riggs, Sanjay Srivastava, Aruni Bhatnagar, Roberto Bolli, Sumanth D. Prabhu
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible stress-response protein that imparts antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. However, its pathophysiological role in cardiac remodeling and chronic heart failure (HF) is unknown. We hypothesized that induction of HO-1 in HF alleviates pathological remodeling. Methods and Results— Adult male nontransgenic and myocyte-restricted HO-1 transgenic mice underwent either sham operation or coronary ligation to induce HF. Four weeks after ligation, nontransgenic HF mice exhibited postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling and dysfunction, hypertrophy, fibrosis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and reduced capillary density, associated with a 2-fold increase in HO-1 expression in noninfarcted myocardium. Compared with nontransgenic mice, HO-1 transgenic HF mice exhibited significantly ( P &lt;0.05) improved postinfarction survival (94% versus 57%) and less LV dilatation (end-diastolic volume, 46±8 versus 85±32 μL), mechanical dysfunction (ejection fraction, 65±9% versus 49±16%), hypertrophy (LV/tibia length 4.4±0.4 versus 5.2±0.6 mg/mm), interstitial fibrosis (11.2±3.1% versus 18.5±3.5%), and oxidative stress (3-fold reduction in tissue malondialdehyde). Moreover, myocyte-specific HO-1 overexpression in HF promoted tissue neovascularization and ameliorated myocardial p53 expression (2-fold reduction) and apoptosis. In isolated mitochondria, mitochondrial permeability transition was inhibited by HO-1 in a carbon monoxide (CO)–dependent manner and was recapitulated by the CO donor tricarbonylchloro(glycinato)ruthenium(II) (CORM-3). HO-1–derived CO also prevented H 2 O 2 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cell death. Finally, in vivo treatment with CORM-3 alleviated postinfarction LV remodeling, p53 expression, and apoptosis. Conclusions— HO-1 induction in the failing heart is an important cardioprotective adaptation that opposes pathological LV remodeling, and this effect is mediated, at least in part, by CO-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition and apoptosis. Augmentation of HO-1 or its product, CO, may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for ameliorating HF.
DEC-205–Mediated Internalization of HIV-1 Results in the Establishment of Silent Infection in Renal Tubular Cells
Authors: Ikusuke Hatsukari, Priyanka Singh, Naoko Hitosugi, Davorka Messmer, Elsa Valderrama, Saul Teichberg, Wayne Chaung, Eleanore Gross, Helena Schmidtmayerova, Pravin C. Singhal
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

HIV-1 infection of renal cells has been proposed to play a role in HIV-1-associated nephropathy. Renal biopsy data further suggest that renal tubular cells may serve as reservoir for HIV-1. The mechanism by which HIV-1 enters these cells has not been identified. Renal tubular cells do not express any of the known HIV-1 receptors, and our results confirmed lack of the expression of CD4, CCR5, CXCR4, DC-SIGN, or mannose receptors in tubular cells. The aim of this study, therefore, was to determine the mechanism that enables viral entry into renal tubular cells. An in vitro model was used to study the HIV-1 infection of human kidney tubular (HK2) cells and to identify the receptor that enables the virus to enter these cells. Results of these studies demonstrate that the C-type lectin DEC-205 acts as an HIV-1 receptor in HK2 cells. Interaction of HIV-1 with DEC-205 results in the internalization of the virus and establishment of a nonproductive infection. HIV-1-specific strong-stop DNA is detected in the infected HK2 cells for at least 7 d, and the virus can be transmitted in trans to sensitive target cells. HIV-1 entry is blocked by pretreatment with specific anti-DEC-205 antibody. Moreover, expression of DEC-205 in cells that lack the DEC-205 receptors renders them susceptible to HIV-1 infection. These findings suggest that DEC-205 acts as an HIV-1 receptor that mediates internalization of the virus into renal tubular cells, from which the virus can be rescued and disseminated by encountering immune cells.
NICE to tackle infertility treatment
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The treatment of infertility on the NHS is to be overhauled, with the prospect of equal access to all, irrespective of where they live. The health secretary, Alan Milburn, has instructed the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) to provide national guidance to speed up access to infertility treatment and bring to an end the current “postcode lottery” that faces thousands of couples every year.

The move means …
Evidence for Propagation of Activation Across an Accessory Atrioventricular Connection in Types A and B Pre-excitation
Authors: JOHN P. BOINEAU, E. NEIL MOORE
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The sequence of atrioventricular activation was studied in two human subjects with type B Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) and in a dog with spontaneous type A WPW. In all three subjects a focal spot of pre-excitation was demonstrated at the A-V margin of the right ventricle (RV). In the two human subjects with type B WPW, the area of pre-excitation was located on the anterior aspect of the RV and in the dog with type A the pre-excited area was located on the posterior aspect of the RV. A probable Kent bundle electrogram was recorded from the A-V margin in one of the human patients. Serial sections (7 µ) of a block taken from the region of pre-excitation in the dog revealed an anomalous A-V communication (Kent bundle). Propagation velocity across this pathway was estimated to be 0.3 mm/msec. Electrophysiologic data recorded from one of the human subjects at the onset and during an episode of supraventricular tachycardia demonstrated an atrioventricular-atrial sequence of excitation. The mechanism of initiation of the tachycardia was a ventriculo-atrial echo following a premature atrial contraction blocked in the anomalous pathway. Surgical separation of right atrium and RV at the site of pre-excitation normalized the activation and ECG and abolished the tachycardia in both patients. Ventricular fibrillation occurred repeatedly in the dog as a direct result of the rapid ventricular rate permitted by the Kent bundle subsequent to induced atrial fibrillation. Correlation of the activation sequence with the body surface potentials suggests an updated conceptual model for electrocardiographic typing of WPW. In a third patient, who demonstrated an atypical form of WPW, the region of pre-excitation could not be precisely defined and interruption of an accessory pathway was unsuccessful.
Strain-specific Immune Response to<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Sanjay Sethi, Catherine Wrona, Brydon J. B. Grant, Timothy F. Murphy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Previous studies of immune response to Haemophilus influenzae after exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have yielded contradictory results. Using homologous (infecting) strains and immunoassays to surface-exposed epitopes, we tested the hypothesis that adults with COPD make new antibodies to strain-specific, surface-exposed epitopes on H. influenzae after exacerbations. We collected clinical information, sputum, and serum monthly and during exacerbations from 81 patients with COPD over 56 months. Serum antibodies to H. influenzae after exacerbations associated with H. influenzae in sputum were detected with whole bacterial cell ELISA and bactericidal assays. An immune response to homologous H. influenzae occurred after 22 of 36 (61.1%) exacerbations with newly acquired strains compared with 7 of 33 (21.2%) exacerbations with preexisting strains (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4; 95%, 1.8 to 10.8; p = 0.001). An absence of an immune response was strongly associated with complement sensitivity (OR = 0.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.003 to 0.22; p = 0.001). New bactericidal antibodies developed after exacerbations were highly strain specific, showing bactericidal activity for only 11 of 90 (12.2%) heterologous strains. Development of an immune response to H. influenzae supports its role in causing exacerbations. The strain specificity of the immune response likely represents a mechanism of recurrent exacerbations.
Circadian relationships between circulating atrial natriuretic peptides and serum calcium and phosphate in healthy humans
Authors: D.L. Vesely, R.B. Sothern, L.E. Scheving, F.W. Bremner, J.L.H.C. Third, J.B. McCormick, S. Dawson, S. Kahn, G. Augustine, M. Ryan, J.A. Greco, B.A. Nemchausky, P. Shirazi, E.L. Kanabrocki
Journal: Metabolism (1996)
Circulating and progenitor endothelial cells are abnormal in patients with different types of von Willebrand disease and correlate with markers of angiogenesis
Authors: Giuseppe Gritti, Agostino Cortelezzi, Paolo Bucciarelli, Francesca Rezzonico, Silvia Lonati, Silvia La Marca, Ilaria Silvestris, Augusto B. Federici
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder and is caused by quantitative or qualitative defects of von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWF, synthesized by endothelium and megakaryocytes (MK), circulates in plasma and is present in subendothelium and platelets. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and progenitor endothelial cells (EPC) have been recently proposed as markers of peripheral and bone marrow‐derived angiogenesis. To evaluate the association of CEC/EPC with known inherited defects of cellular and circulating VWF, we have measured the number of CEC/EPC together with cytokines involved in angiogenesis in different VWD types. A group of 74 patients was composed by the following VWD types: VWD1 ( n = 22), VWD2A ( n = 9), VWD2B ( n = 19), VWD2M ( n = 17), and VWD3 ( n = 7). Healthy individuals ( n = 20) were used as controls. CEC (CD146 + , CD31 + , and CD45 − ) and EPC (CD34 + , CD133 + , and CD45 − ) were evaluated by flow cytometry. Circulating serum levels of VEGF, E‐selectin, P‐selectin, EPO, and TPO were determined by ELISA. CEC, VEGF, E‐selectin, and EPO were higher and EPC lower in VWD patients than in controls ( P &lt; 0.01). Among the five groups of VWD patients and controls, a significant difference was found for CEC (one‐way ANOVA: P = 0.005), EPC ( P = 0.001), E‐Selectin ( P &lt; 0.0001), EPO ( P = 0.021), and TPO ( P = 0.004): the latter was high in VWD3 patients. In VWD1, we found an inverse relationship between CEC and VWF:Ag levels ( P = 0.048; R 2 = 0.19). Based on these data, CEC are increased in VWD and are associated with the high levels of cytokines involved in angiogenesis (up‐regulation). EPC are decreased, suggesting down‐regulation of bone marrow‐derived angiogenesis in VWD. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Joint guidelines call for speedier assessment of patients with stroke
Authors: H. Creagh
Journal: BMJ (2008)

All patients suspected of having had a stroke should be admitted as quickly as possible to an acute stroke unit and, if appropriate, given thrombolytic treatment, say new guidelines for the United Kingdom.

Patients who have had transient ischaemic attacks (“mini-strokes”) should no longer have to face the risk of having a full acute stroke while they wait, sometimes weeks, for assessment, the guidelines state.

Two sets of guidelines were launched on Wednesday 23 July, one from the Royal College of Physicians and the other from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Both documents highlight the fact that one in 10 deaths in the UK are caused by a …