tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Venous leg ulcers: Authors' reply
Authors: A I Skene, J M Smith, J D Lewis, C J Dore, A Charlett
Journal: BMJ (1993)

ance of immunological tolerance to these natural compounds.'Under conditions of autoimmunity, such as experimentally induced immune mediated demyelination of the peripheral nerves, injections of pure gangliosides do not result in the induction of antibodies to gangliosides and do not worsen the course of the disease.7A neurological syndrome induced in rabbits by injecting gangliosides derived from brain reported by Nagai et at could not be reproduced and could be explained as resulting from contamination of the ganglioside preparation by myelin proteins.Antibodies reactive with gangliosides recognise the carbohydrate portion of the molecule.These carbohydrate epitopes are not uniquely expressed on gangliosides but are also present on glyco- proteins and bacterial cell walls.9Controlled studies in humans have proved that the prolonged administration of Gmi in healthy individuals as well as in patients with neurological diseases does not modify the pattern of antibody crossreactivity to glycoconjugates.'°In conclusion, all available data are consistent with the lack of immunogenicity of brain-derived gangliosides if purity is guaranteed.Thus, their use for therapeutic purpose should not be restricted by the present immunological knowledge.
Expected Diabetic Control in Childhood and Psychosocial Functioning in Early Adult Life
Authors: Ivan B Pless, Anita Heller, Mimi Belmonte, Inta Zvagulis
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

This study examined relationships between the extent to which doctors seek to achieve good (i.e., tight) diabetic control during childhood and the frequency of psychosocial problems in later life. A sample of 225 young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was studied by use of a systematic interview. A measure of the level of control the doctor was attempting to achieve was developed from questionnaires administered to the doctors who provided most of the patient's care during childhood. The results were compared with scores on three indices of psychosocial functioning based on responses given in structured interviews with the patients. Although potentially important psychosocial problems were found for 10–20%, there was no statistically significant relationship between any of these problems and the doctors' desired levels of control. Thus, efforts to achieve good control during childhood, whether successful or not, may not be followed by psychosocial problems in later life. This finding should help support clinicians' attempts to obtain the levels of control during childhood judged to be essential in preventing serious organic complications.
When big may not be beautiful
Authors: S G Barber, A Bosley, W Bradford, I Buchanan, A Gibson, F O'Sullivan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Thank you for printing Markham's personal views, which are shared by this committee and the managers of this small geographically isolated trust.1

We welcome change and innovation, and we work hard to provide excellent patient care. Because our service is mostly provided by consultants rather than led by them, we believe our service is often better than that supplied in the larger academic …
Nodular prurigo responsive to azathioprine
Authors: J.T. Lear, J.S.C. English, A.G. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Nodular prurigo responsive to azathioprine Get access J.T. Lear, J.T. Lear Department of Dermatology North Staffs NHS Trust Newcastle Road Stoke on Trent. ST4 7 PA. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S.C. English, J.S.C. English Department of Dermatology North Staffs NHS Trust Newcastle Road Stoke on Trent. ST4 7 PA. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.G. Smith A.G. Smith Department of Dermatology North Staffs NHS Trust Newcastle Road Stoke on Trent. ST4 7 PA. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 1996, Page 1151, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07964.x Published: 01 June 1996
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for HBV DNA and RNA detection in HBsAg negative subjects with primary liver cancer
Authors: P. Paterlini, G. Gerken, W. Grigioni, E. Nakagima, S. Terre, P. Berthelot, D. Franco, M. Kew, E. Pisi, C. Bréchot
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
Hons and Rebels
Authors: S. Handysides
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Jessica Mitford might have been surprised to learn that her memoir, Hons and Rebels , was being dubbed a “medical classic.” The book, first published half a century ago, describes the life of her large (she was one of seven children), eccentric, aristocratic family in the years between the first and second world wars. The Mitford family spawned Nancy, a novelist who chronicled the so called Bright Young People of the inter-war period; Diana, wife of British fascist Sir Oswald Mosley; Unity, who was infatuated with Hitler; Deborah, the current Duchess of Devonshire; and Jessica herself, …
Effect of dextran on the reaction between rheumatoid factor and human gamma globulin.
Authors: A E Finkelstein, G Isler, I Oreskes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

Euglobulin inhibitionEuglobulin from pooled non-rheumatoid normal serum was obtained by dialysis against dilute phosphate citrate buffer at pH 5-8 at 4°C. for 48 hrs (Ziff, 1957).The precipitate was washed with cold buffer at pH 5 8 and redissolved with neutral buffer to original volume.The capacity of
Detrimental Effects of Particulate Matter on the Pulmonary Circulation
Authors: Salvatore J. Turco
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The communication by Shapiro et al<sup>1</sup>concerning fatal drug reactions among medical inpatients reports four deaths that resulted from fluid overload (pulmonary edema). We would like to point out another possible cause-effect relationship that may be responsible for the pulmonary edema. A two-year ongoing study of commercially available infusion fluids at Temple University Hospital<sup>2,3</sup>has revealed infusion fluids to contain a significant amount of foreign material (particulate matter). Analysis of over 1,000 commercially available solutions has revealed a content of foreign particles (glass, rubber, plastic, etc) of size above 5μ on the order of 100 particles/liter for one supplier. Two other suppliers had average particle counts of approximately 350 particles/liter. Over 1,-500 particles/liter were discovered in solutions of a fourth manufacturer. Although the clinical significance and the biological effects of these particles is unclear, some reports speculating on their clinical significance have appeared in the
TCT-768 Noninvasive cardiac arrhythmia therapy using High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) ablation
Authors: Qi Wu, Qi Zhou, Que Zhu, Shunkang Rong, Qi Wang, Rui Guo, Changming Deng, Dichuan Liu, Gang Yang, Yonghong Jiang, Zhigang Wang, Han Lei, Tong-Chuan He, Zhibiao Wang, jing huang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Enhanced efficiency of superoxide dismutase-induced cardioprotection by retrograde intracoronary administration
Authors: S FUKUSHIMA, S COPPEN, A VARELACARVER, G BRINDLEY, K YAMAHARA, P SARATHCHANDRA, M YACOUB, K SUZUKI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Objective: We hypothesized that modification of the infusion route may improve the efficiency of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-induced cardioprotection against reperfusion injury. The routes for SOD delivery previously examined were intravenous, via the left atrium, or by a combination of these, all of which can deliver SOD into the ischemic myocardium only after reperfusion. In contrast, retrograde intracoronary infusion may be able to deliver SOD before reperfusion. We investigated the feasibility and efficiency of the retrograde intracoronary infusion of SOD to attenuate reperfusion injury.
Rejection of renal transplants: a further cause of intrarenal aneurysms.
Authors: J F Walker, S O'Neill, J S Hanson, J G McNulty
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Rejection of renal transplants: a further cause of intrarenal aneurysmsAneurysms of the intrarenal arteries may occur in arteriosclerosis,' diffuse vasculitis,2 mycotic disease,3 secondary to drugs,4 in neuro- fibromatosis,5 and in the presence of mass lesions of the kidney.Rarely, renal aneurysms are congenital.Pseudoaneurysms may occur in renal trauma.We describe two patients in whom multiple intrarenal aneurysms developed in association with rejection of renal transplants. Case reportsCase 1-A 40-year-old woman with chronic glomerulonephritis presented in October 1978 with end-stage renal failure.Maintenance haemodialysis was instituted, and in September 1979 she was given a cadaveric transplant (immunosuppressive treatment: azathioprine 125 mg in the morning, prednisone 20 mg daily) with immediate return of renal function.Ten days later, however, rejection occurred, and renal biopsy showed distinct cellular changes.She was treated with a booster dose of prednisone (300 mg daily,
Cardiac Performance of Hypertensive Aorta-Constricted Rabbits
Authors: Natalie Alexander, Taki Goldfarb, Douglas R. Drury
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

A heart-lung preparation with flow limited to the coronary vessels was used to study cardiac performance 4 to 120 days after severe constriction of the abdominal aorta in rabbits. Cardiac performance was evaluated by finding the maximum mean arterial pressure against which the heart could pump. Cardiac performance began to exceed the normal, range by the second or third post operative week and was well above normal after the first month. A high cardiac performance was not necessarily associated with marked ventricular hypertrophy. Animals died of heart failure within the first month, and all had developed a much more rapid rate of blood pressure increase than those that survived without signs of decompensation. We conclude that the basic cause of heart failure after severe aorta constriction is a rapid rise in arterial pressure which exceeds the rate at which the heart develops an improved performance.
Selective Killing of Nonreplicating Mycobacteria
Authors: Ruslana Bryk, Benjamin Gold, Aditya Venugopal, Jasbir Singh, Raghu Samy, Krzysztof Pupek, Hua Cao, Carmen Popescu, Mark Gurney, Srinivas Hotha, Joseph Cherian, Kyu Rhee, Lan Ly, Paul J. Converse, Sabine Ehrt, Omar Vandal, Xiuju Jiang, Jean Schneider, Gang Lin, Carl Nathan
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
US trade action threatens Brazilian AIDS programme
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2001)

International health agencies have condemned the US government for threatening the Brazilian policy of providing free drugs to patients infected with HIV.

The US government has initiated legal proceedings against Brazil, through the World Trade Organisation's dispute settlement body, claiming that Brazil's production of generic HIV drugs breaks international laws on patent protection.

Brazilian laws provide patent protection to foreign drug companies if they manufacture their product in Brazil. These laws have allowed local Brazilian companies to manufacture generic HIV drugs at low cost. The United States has complained to the World Trade Organisation that this requirement for local production discriminates against the US …
Acantholytic ectodermal dysplasia: clinicopathological study of a new desmosomal disorder
Authors: B.C. Winik, R.A. Asial, J.A. McGrath, A.P. South, M.C. Boente
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Acantholytic ectodermal dysplasia: clinicopathological study of a new desmosomal disorder Get access B.C. Winik, B.C. Winik Department of Electron Microscopy, INSIBIO, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Asial, R.A. Asial Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. McGrath, J.A. McGrath Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' School of Medicine, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.P. South, A.P. South Centre for Cutaneous Research, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.C. Boente M.C. Boente Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Niño Jesús, Tucumán 4000, Argentina Correspondence: M. Boente. E‐mail: mboente@arnet.com.ar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 4, 1 April 2009, Pages 868–874, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08946.x Published: 01 April 2009
Finding the techniques to nudge the population to better health
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Could shoppers be encouraged to buy more fruit and vegetables by providing a designated space for them in supermarket trolleys? Or students to drink less alcohol by telling them the truth: that most students are actually quite abstemious, in spite of their hard drinking reputation?

Both are examples of the fashionable nudge techniques being adopted as public health motivation tools by the coalition government. The first relies on the human tendency to go with the flow of pre-set options. If there’s a fixed space intended for fruit and veg, we fill it. The second aims to reset the “norms” that guide much behaviour. If students are supposed to drink, they drink—but if they discover this isn’t the norm, they throttle back.

Both examples were given at a meeting at the King’s Fund by David Halpern, director of the Cabinet Office’s Behavioural Insight …
Compulsory Premarital Screening for HIV
Authors: John F. Bridgeman
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Cleary et al<sup>1</sup>examining compulsory premarital screening for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seems to have been constructed with a negative bias toward premarital screening. It is unfortunate that we still lack adequate public health data on the prevalence of HIV infection in the population. This study chose to use the incidence of infection among blood donors who, as the authors mentioned, are self-selecting for decreased HIV infectivity. Perhaps a better but still inadequate population base would have been the armed forces data (men, 1.5 HIV positive per 1000 men; women, approximately 0.9 HIV positive per 1000 women). Using this base would have projected a greatly increased number of positive individuals being screened by premarital testing. This study chose the lowest sensitivity factor of 98.3 for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; this sensitivity factor was critical for the final conclusion. The other tests
Functional effects of ACE-inhibitors on angiotensin I conversion in human vasculature
Authors: M. Oosterga, A.A. Voors, H. Buikema, Y.M. Pinto, H.E. Haber, W. Morshuis, J.H. Kingma, T. Ebels, H.J.G.M. Crijns, W.H. van Gilst
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Hemodynamic and Exercise Performance With Pulsatile and Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Jonathan Haft, William Armstrong, David B. Dyke, Keith D. Aaronson, Todd M. Koelling, David J. Farrar, Francis D. Pagani
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Continuous-flow rotary pumps with axial design are increasingly used for left ventricular assist support. The efficacy of this design compared with pulsatile, volume displacement pumps, with respect to characteristics of left ventricular unloading, and exercise performance remains largely unstudied. Methods and Results— Thirty-four patients undergoing implantation with a pulsatile, volume displacement pump operating in a full-to-empty cycle (HeartMate XVE; Thoratec Inc, Pleasanton, Calif; n=16) or continuous-flow rotary pump with an axial design operating at a fixed rotor speed (HeartMate II; Thoratec Inc; n=18) were evaluated with right heart catheterization and echocardiography preoperatively and at 3 months postoperatively and cardiopulmonary exercise testing 3 months postoperatively. Support with either the XVE or II resulted in significant ( P &lt;0.05) increases in cardiac output and reduction in mean pulmonary artery and pulmonary wedge pressures. Exercise capacity at 3 months was similar between groups (% predicted peak V̇ o 2 −XVE: 46.8±10.2 versus II: 49.1±13.6). Echocardiography at 3 months demonstrated a significantly ( P &lt;0.05) greater reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (−49±16% versus −35±20%), left ventricular end-systolic volume (−59±20 versus −37±21%), and percent mitral valve regurgitant volume (−99±2% versus −52±56%) for the XVE compared with II, respectively. Conclusions— The HeartMate XVE or II provided equivalent degrees of hemodynamic support and exercise capacity. The XVE was associated with greater left ventricular volume unloading. Characteristics of left ventricular pressure and volume unloading between these pump designs and mode of operation do not influence early exercise performance.
Systemic lupus erythematosus, repeated abortions, and thrombocytopenia.
Authors: M H Pritchard, J D Jessop, P M Trenchard, J A Whittaker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

A case is described of severe thrombocytopenia in a pregnant patient with mild SLE. Three previous pregnancies had ended in abortion. Attempts to reverse the thrombocytopenia with steroids, plasmapheresis, and splenectomy failed, the platelet count returning to normal immediately after the death of the fetus at 20 weeks gestation.
Ankylosing spondylitis. A case positive for rheumatoid factor and HL-A 27 (W 27)
Authors: D. L. Goldenberg
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A CLINICAL, roentgenographic, and serologic distinction between seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and the rheumatoid variants has recently gained wide acceptance.<sup>1-2</sup>Typical features that distinguish rheumatoid variants (eg, ankylosing spondylitis) from rheumatoid arthritis include, in the former, sacroiliitis, the presence of HL-A 27 (W 27), and the absence of rheumatoid factor and subcutaneous nodules. Our patient, in whom HL-A 27 was present in addition to rheumatoid factor and typical subcutaneous nodules, had classical ankylosing spondylitis associated with ulcerative colitis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 48-year-old man had complained of back pain at 28 years of age. A diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis was made on the basis of roentgenographic evidence. At 34 years of age, the patient contracted ulcerative colitis. During the past 12 years, the patient has had mild, symmetrical arthralgias and stiffness in his hands, knees, and feet. Ten years ago, at 38 years of age, subcutaneous nodules appeared over
Tumours of Bone
Authors: J. S. Young
Journal: BMJ (1937)

MEBRITISAL 647 was always due to metastatic disease in the thorax.Widespread local recurrences after radium treatment are very uncommon, and they do not ever appear to be attributable to the treatment.Finally, a number of patients have been encouraged to undergo treatment only because they were to be spared the mutilation entailed by surgery.Patients have sometimes said and written to me most moving things in this connexion, and I have no doubt that if conservative treatment were to be commonly practised it would finally have the result of bringing more patients to the benefits of early treat- ment, and so improve the end-results.
Chest Pain, Shortness of Breath, and Palpitations Unmask an Unexpected Diagnosis
Authors: Patrick A. Schweizer, Grigorios Korosoglou, Dierk Thomas, Sebastian Aulmann, Andrew Remppis, Mathias Witzens-Harig, Hugo A. Katus
Journal: Circulation (2012)

A 48-year-old white man was admitted to our hospital because of a sustained wide-complex tachycardia (160 bpm).He presented with chest discomfort, dyspnea, palpitations, and dizziness.Because medical cardioversion with intravenous amiodarone failed, intravenous ajmaline was administered, which successfully resulted in conversion to sinus rhythm.Physical examination and laboratory results revealed no significant abnormalities.The patient reported no discomfort until the morning of admission, and there was no history of disease except for tuberculosis, successfully treated 20 years earlier.Although serial cardiac troponin T analysis was negative, the patient complained of ongoing angina.Cardiac catheterization showed subtotal stenosis of the right coronary artery (Figure 1A), which was successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention and placement of a bare-metal stent (Figure 1B).Notably, the coronary arteries showed no high-grade lesions in the other main coronary vessels.Echocardiography revealed an echodense mass at the right ventricular lateral wall, the interatrial and interventricular septum, and the left atrial wall.A magnetic resonance imaging scan (Figures 2A and2B; online-only Data Supple-
Bullying in schools
Authors: J. Dawkins
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDrrOR,-I agree with Vidya Rao that schools should be encouraged to tackle bullying.'In my clinical experience, however, parents have not necessarily already taken the matter up with the school.Many parents have not even known that their child was being bullied, and those who have approached the school have often had the response, "We don't have bullying in this school."Schools can do much to reduce bullying.In Norway a national campaign was mounted after three children committed suicide as a result of bullying.A number of measures at the school, class, and individual levels were used.The frequency of bully-victim problems decreased by half during the following two years.2Rates of truancy and antisocial behaviours in general also dropped, and pupils' satisfaction with school life improved.In Britain the Department of Education's Sheffield bullying project evaluated a similar intervention programme.The results of this were published last year,' together with clear practical advice for teachers.4This research provided the basis for the Department for Education's guidelines.'In my editorial I hoped to raise doctors' aware- ness of bullying, its effects on the child, and what can be done in the hope that together doctors, parents, and schools can prevent the continued abuse ofvictims ofbullying in schools.6
<i>TUBB3</i>/βIII-Tubulin Acts through the PTEN/AKT Signaling Axis to Promote Tumorigenesis and Anoikis Resistance in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Joshua A. McCarroll, Pei Pei Gan, Rafael B. Erlich, Marjorie Liu, Tanya Dwarte, Sharon S. Sagnella, Mia C. Akerfeldt, Lu Yang, Amelia L. Parker, Melissa H. Chang, Michael S. Shum, Frances L. Byrne, Maria Kavallaris
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

βIII-tubulin (encoded by TUBB3) expression is associated with therapeutic resistance and aggressive disease in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the basis for its pathogenic influence is not understood. Functional and differential proteomics revealed that βIII-tubulin regulates expression of proteins associated with malignant growth and metastases. In particular, the adhesion-associated tumor suppressor maspin was differentially regulated by βIII-tubulin. Functionally, βIII-tubulin suppression altered cell morphology, reduced tumor spheroid outgrowth, and increased sensitivity to anoikis. Mechanistically, the PTEN/AKT signaling axis was defined as a critical pathway regulated by βIII-tubulin in NSCLC cells. βIII-Tubulin blockage in vivo reduced tumor incidence and growth. Overall, our findings revealed how βIII-tubulin influences tumor growth in NSCLC, defining new biologic functions and mechanism of action of βIII-tubulin in tumorigenesis.