tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gemcitabine/Dexamethasone/Cisplatin vs Cytarabine/Dexamethasone/Cisplatin for Relapsed or Refractory Aggressive-Histology Lymphoma: Cost-Utility Analysis of NCIC CTG LY.12
Authors: Matthew C. Cheung, Annette E. Hay, Michael Crump, Kevin R. Imrie, Yuyao Song, Shazia Hassan, Nancy Risebrough, Jonathan Sussman, Stephen Couban, David MacDonald, Vishal Kukreti, C. Tom Kouroukis, Tara Baetz, David Szwajcer, Pierre Desjardins, Lois Shepherd, Ralph M. Meyer, Al Le, Bingshu E. Chen, Nicole Mittmann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

The NCIC CTG LY.12 study showed that gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin (GDP) were noninferior to dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin (DHAP) in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive histology lymphoma prior to autologous stem cell transplantation. We conducted an economic evaluation from the perspective of the Canadian public healthcare system based on trial data. The primary outcome was an incremental cost utility analysis comparing costs and benefits associated with GDP vs DHAP. Resource utilization data were collected from 519 Canadian patients in the trial. Costs were presented in 2012 Canadian dollars and disaggregated to highlight the major cost drivers of care. Benefit was measured as quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) based on utilities translated from prospectively collected quality-of-life data. All statistical tests were two-sided. The mean overall costs of treatment per patient in the GDP and DHAP arms were $19 961 (95% confidence interval (CI) = $17 286 to $24 565) and $34 425 (95% CI = $31 901 to $39 520), respectively, with an incremental difference in direct medical costs of $14 464 per patient in favor of GDP (P < .001). The predominant cost driver for both treatment arms was related to hospitalizations. The mean discounted quality-adjusted overall survival with GDP was 0.161 QALYs and 0.152 QALYs for DHAP (difference = 0.01 QALYs, P = .146). In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, GDP was associated with both cost savings and improved quality-adjusted outcomes compared with DHAP in 92.6% of cost-pair simulations. GDP was associated with both lower costs and similar quality-adjusted outcomes compared with DHAP in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma. Considering both costs and outcomes, GDP was the dominant therapy.
Intrarenal hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension.
Authors: G Kimura, M Imanishi, T Sanai, Y Kawano, S Kojima, K Yoshida, H Abe, T Ashida, H Yoshimi, M Kawamura
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Intrarenal hemodynamics were estimated clinically in essential hypertension. Two-week studies were performed in 30 patients with essential hypertension who were given a regular sodium diet in the first week and a sodium-restricted diet in the second week. Intrarenal hemodynamic parameters such as afferent arteriolar (preglomerular) resistance, efferent arteriolar resistance, and glomerular hydrostatic pressure were calculated from renal clearances and plasma total protein concentration measured on the last day of the regular sodium diet. Calculations were based on Gomez's equations with the assumption that the gross filtration coefficient of glomerular capillaries was normal. The increase in afferent arteriolar resistance (8,100 +/- 500 dyne.sec.cm-5) was significantly correlated with an elevation in mean arterial pressure (120 +/- 2 mm Hg), whereas glomerular pressure (56 +/- 1 mm Hg) and efferent arteriolar resistance (2,500 +/- 100 dyne.sec.cm-5) remained normal. The renal function curve (pressure-natriuresis relation) was drawn by plotting urinary sodium excretion on the y axis as a function of mean arterial pressure on the x axis, both of which were measured on the last 3 days of each week. The extrapolated x intercept (107 +/- 2 mm Hg) of the renal function curve was strongly correlated in a 1:1 fashion with the sum of the arterial pressure drop from the aorta to the renal glomeruli plus the opposing pressures against glomerular filtration at glomeruli (r = 0.7, p less than 0.001) on the regular sodium diet, suggesting that the difference between mean arterial pressure on the regular sodium diet and the extrapolated x intercept represented the effective filtration pressure across the glomerular capillaries on the regular sodium diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
THE MINNEAPOLIS SESSION of THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS
Authors: S. Marx White
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

College News Notes1 November 1929THE MINNEAPOLIS SESSION of THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANSS. Marx White, M.D.S. Marx White, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-5-512 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPreparations for the Minneapolis meeting of the College during the week of February 10th are well advanced. The program already under way has a character and content to lure every member, Fellow or Associate as the case may be, and to attract as well a great number who may be thinking of affiliation with the College or who may be interested only in the scientific material presented. Details of the Scientific Session and of the Clinics will be given in a later issue of the ANNALS. A glance meanwhile at the setting should be of interest. Minneapolis lies, as the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1929Volume 3, Issue 5Page: 512-520 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
Benefits and risks of nucleoside analog therapy for hepatitis B
Authors: Jules L. Dienstag
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Five oral agents have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, ranging in virological potency, clinical efficacy, barrier to resistance, and side-effect profile. The degree of histological, biochemical, and serological improvement with therapy generally corresponds to the degree of suppression of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA achieved with therapy. Conversely, for agents with a low barrier to resistance, the profundity of HBV DNA suppression in individual patients correlates inversely with the likelihood of resistance. The durability of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) responses after a consolidation period of an additional 6-12 months of therapy is approximately 80% in western populations, lower in Asian populations. Loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during a year of oral-agent therapy is limited, except with the most potent agents, but extending therapy for a second year and beyond can yield frequencies of HBsAg responses close to those reported in trials of interferon-based therapy. The oral agents are approved for 1-2 years of therapy, but treatment is continued indefinitely in the majority of patients (except for the approximately 20% of patients who are HBeAg-reactive who achieve a durable HBeAg response). HBeAg responses and virological/biochemical benefit continue to be maintained and to increase with continued therapy beyond the first year. Data continue to accumulate supporting the link between long-term HBV DNA suppression and reduction in hepatic fibrosis, hepatic decompensation, and liver-related mortality. All the benefits of a single year of injectable peginterferon therapy can be achieved with the newer, low-resistance oral agents continued beyond the first year, without interferon side effects. Future studies are needed to develop drug regimens that are even more effective in achieving clinical endpoints, that are not hampered by resistance, and that are more confined in treatment duration but are more durable.
A SPECIAL CORSET FOR SOME BACK CONDITIONS
Authors: John L. Porter
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In an endeavor to obtain a simple, inconspicuous spinal support, we have found the special corset here described very satisfactory. This corset is not offered as a substitute for the Taylor spine brace. It is presented as a last stage or "assurance" support to be used in mild back cases, or after active treatment has been concluded in the severe conditions. <h3>ADVANTAGES AND USE</h3> It has the advantage of being inconspicuous. The patients do not feel as though they are wearing a brace, their friends do not know that they have any special apparatus on, and practically every patient who has worn one has been very grateful for the support and relief that it has afforded. It has been found of great value for several years in the follow-up treatment of cured tuberculosis of the spine, ostearthritis of the spine, fracture of the spine, scoliosis, back strain, "round shoulders," sacro-iliac
Estimation of carcinoembryonic antigen in ulcerative colitis with special reference to malignant change.
Authors: J B Dilawari, J E Lennard-Jones, A M Mackay, J K Ritchie, H G Sturzaker
Journal: Gut (1975)

The levels of plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were estimated in 59 control subjects attending St Mark9s Hospital and in 139 patients with uncomplicated ulcerative colitis. There was little difference in the CEA levels in the two groups. In the colitic patients, the actual CEA values could not be correlated with the age of the patient, the activity of the disease, the extent of bowel involvement, or the length of history. In addition, seven colitic patients with severe dysplastic changes in the rectal mucosa and seven patients with established carcinoma in colitis were studied. With one exception in each group, the CEA levels in these patients were within the range shown by the St Mark9s Hospital control population.
Which patients are cured of breast cancer?
Authors: I S Fentiman, J Cuzick, R R Millis, J L Hayward
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The clinical and pathological features of 51 patients who survived for more than 20 years after diagnosis of cancer of the breast were compared with those of 176 contemporaries who died within 20 years after diagnosis. Of those who survived, 18 (35%) had had pathologically affected axillary nodes compared with at least 86 (49%) of those who died. Also, 11 (21%) of the survivors had had small tumours compared with 10 (6%) of those who died. Pathological review of tumours in the survivors showed 40 (78%) to have been infiltrating ductal carcinomas, of which 13 (32%) were grade 3 lesions. These differences between the two groups were largely due to the prognostic value of these variables in the first five years after diagnosis. After a patient had survived five years the major prognostic variables were of little value in the prediction of which patients would be cured of breast cancer. Advanced age, which was of little prognostic value in the first five years after diagnosis, was of significant prognostic value in the longer term, partly due to the steep age gradient for mortality from other diseases. Nevertheless, seven of 19 deaths more than 20 years after first treatment were due to breast cancer. Late deaths from breast cancer may, however, have often been the result of metastases from second primaries rather than the late manifestation of micrometastases from the original primary carcinoma. Age, menstrual state, clinical stage, and axillary nodes being affected are thus of some prognostic value in cancer of the breast, but the present inadequacy of knowledge of the behaviour of the disease makes accurate prediction of which patients will be cured impossible.
Structural and Functional Biliary Tree Changes Secondary to Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction
Authors: N. J. Lygidakis, F. Carler
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

To assess the potential structural changes of the biliary tree and the liver in patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction, the resected specimens of 20 patients operated on for benign biliary stricture, were evaluated by means of immunocytochemical, histological and scanning electronmicroscopic studies. Furthermore, liver biopsies were taken for the same purposes. Our results showed that in the dilated segment of the hepatic duct proximal to the stricture, innervation was greatly reduced or completely absent with associated advanced morphological and histological changes and high intrabiliary pressure levels. Similar findings were observed in the liver biopsies, too. These biopsies showed advanced morphological and histological changes associated with reduced innervation. In contrast, the nondilated segment of the hepatic duct, distal to the obstruction, showed normal innervation, normal morphological and histological findings and normal levels of intrabiliary pressure. The present study provides evidence that in cases of extrahepatic biliary obstruction, there is a feature of advanced pathological changes in the biliary tree associated with alterations in innervation. These structural changes are associated with functional changes in both the liver and the biliary tree. These functional changes represent a threat to the patient, in particular if major surgery is required. Increased biliary pressure appears to be a major cause of the development of these changes. Biliary drainage, either surgical or endoscopic, is indicated as the sole alternative, to reduce the intrabiliary pressure and to contribute to a reversal of these structural and functional changes.
CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC STUDIES WITH ETHYLHYDROCUPREINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN EXPERIMENTAL PNEUMOCOCCUS PLEURITIS
Authors: John A. Kolmer, Joseph R. Sands
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

1. Solutions of ethylhydrocupreine (optochin) hydrochloride show a pronounced bactericidal activity for pneumococci in pleural pus. 2. The highest tolerated dose of ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride for guinea pigs by intrapleural injection is about 0.2 to 0.3 cc. of a 1:100 solution per 100 gm. of weight, corresponding to 2 to 3 cc. of solution or 0.02 to 0.03 gm. of the drug per kilo of weight. 3. The injection of 1 cc. of a 1:500 solution of ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride into each pleural cavity of a guinea pig weighing from 350 to 500 gm. produces no evidences of toxicity or irritation of the pleura. 4. The injection of 1 cc. of a 24 hour dextrose blood broth culture of virulent Type I pneumococci into the right pleural cavity of guinea pigs produces acute suppurative pleuritis on both sides associated with suppurative pericarditis, which generally terminates fatally within 72 hours with pneumococcus bacteremia. 5. The injection of 1 cc. of 1:500 solutions of ethlylhydrocupreine hydrochloride into each pleural cavity of guinea pigs at varying intervals up to 24 hours after pleural infection has usually shown a marked curative influence. Similar results were observed with dogs. 6. The intrapleural injection of mixtures of ethylhydrocupreine, sodium oleate, and boric acid (Lamar) has also shown a decided curative effect in acute suppurative pneumococcus pleuritis of guinea pigs. 7. These and similar experiments on pneumococcus meningitis suggest that in chemotherapeutic investigations certain drugs may be injected into serous cavities in amounts exerting distinct bactericidal activity in vivo without producing local irritation or general toxic effects.
Finding the High-Risk Patient With Coronary Artery Disease-Reply
Authors: Melvin D. Cheitlin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

OVER the years, many clinical studies have been reported that relate clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic variables to prognosis in the patient with coronary artery disease.1-4The complications of coronary disease considered to constitute bad prognosis vary and include congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and death, as well as reversible end points such as the development of life-threatening arrhythmias, unstable angina, and angina requiring bypass surgery. These studies have been both retrospective and prospective and have identifed a number of clinical and laboratory variables related to the selected prognostic end points, first in a univariate and then in a multivariate analysis. This allows subdivision of the patients into high- and low-risk groups, relating risk to the morbidity and mortality achievable by medical treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.  Because coronary atherosclerosis progresses with time, whatever risk stratification is done should be periodically repeated. The interval depends on whether there
Management of deep vein thrombosis.
Authors: A J Handley
Journal: BMJ (1970)

MCLJOULAt the beginning of 1964 he noticed he was passing more blood per rectum than he fel he could attribute to his haemorrhoids and ,when the latter were removed the bleeding continued.At a second operation in September 1964 "something the size of a go*bail" was removed from his rectum and he was discharged from gaol on account of this.He returned to civilian life and has since then never engaged in his previous practice, although he was sent back to pris- on in September 1968; prisoners are now permitted to have tobacco.He did, however, continue to pass blood per rectum at inter- vals.The clinical and histological features are so out(of the ordinary that we feel that there may be a relationship between the carcin- oma and his eight-year habit of hiding tobacco in his rectum.The tobacco was probably not the cause of the carcinoma, because he was adamant that the quality of the tobacco was in no way altered by its storage in the rectum.Whether the lesion is a consequence of the grease, and whether the cement-bag paper contributed to its development, cannot be determined with certainty.-Weare, etc.,
Cutaneous necrotising vasculitis induced by levamisole.
Authors: M A Scheinberg, J B Bezerra, F A Almeida, L A Silveira
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Cutaneous necrotising vasculitis induced by levamisoleThe anthelmintic agent levamisole has immunostimulant properties in patients with defective cell-mediated immune responses.We are assessing the drug in patients with breast cancer to see whether it can maintain surgically induced remission.One such patient developed a severe cutaneous necrotising vasculitis, which disappeared once the drug was withdrawn. Case reportA 59-year-old woman had been receiving thrice-weekly levamisole 150
Amino acid metabolism in tennis and its possible influence on the neuroendocrine system.
Authors: H K Strüder, W Hollmann, J Duperly, K Weber
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1995)

To investigate amino acid metabolism during endurance exercise as well as its influence on plasma prolactin (PRL) we subjected eight nationally ranked tennis players (mean(s.d.) age 25.6(2.8) years, mean(s.d.) weight 83.9(5.7) kg, mean(s.d.) height 184.4(4.6) cm) to 4h of continuous tournament tennis. Venous and capillary blood samples were taken before and after the exercise. Amino acids were measured by HPLC-fluorescence detection as o-phthalaldehyde derivatives; nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), ammonia, total protein, glucose insulin and PRL by enzymatic methods. Exercise caused a decline of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) by 28(14)%. Elevation of NEFA resulted in a significant mean(s.d.) increase of free tryptophan (TRP) (9.7(2.6) [pmol/microliter] vs 17.8(6.4) [pmol/microliter]. The mean(s.d.) ratio of free TRP:BCAA increased by 165%(90) which favours entry of free TRP into the brain. However, PRL did not change significantly. We conclude that during long-lasting interval sports BCAA contribute as energy substrates. Alterations in competition of amino acids at the blood-brain barrier favour entry of free TRP into the brain. PRL changes cannot be explained by the increase in plasma level of free TRP or the ratio of free TRP:BCAA.
Surgical Sepsis
Authors: Benjamin A. Barnes, Glenn E. Behringer, Frank C. Wheelock, Earle W. Wilkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN surgical circles concern exists over the current risk of postoperative sepsis. The obvious importance of preventing needless infection and of establishing the best opportunity for primary healing has engendered in the surgeon a vital interest in sepsis, but this very interest, so critical in the care of the surgical patient, has forced into premature flower colorful speculations and fanciful theories based on impressions rather than on properly controlled observations. Numerous studies and editorials1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 have recorded the variety of septic problems seen in hospitals today, but investigations establishing facts convincingly are few in number. From a review of the available . . .
Metastatic prostate cancer presenting as paraneoplastic pemphigus: a favourable clinical response to combined androgen blockade and conventional immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: M.D. Mignogna, G. Fortuna, S. Leuci, D. Adamo, E. Ruoppo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Metastatic prostate cancer presenting as paraneoplastic pemphigus: a favourable clinical response to combined androgen blockade and conventional immunosuppressive therapy Get access M.D. Mignogna, M.D. Mignogna Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences of the School of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy E‐mail:mignogna@unina.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Fortuna, G. Fortuna Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences of the School of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy E‐mail:mignogna@unina.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Leuci, S. Leuci Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences of the School of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy E‐mail:mignogna@unina.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Adamo, D. Adamo Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences of the School of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy E‐mail:mignogna@unina.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Ruoppo E. Ruoppo Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillofacial Sciences of the School of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy E‐mail:mignogna@unina.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 2, 1 February 2009, Pages 468–470, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08982.x Published: 01 February 2009
Neuroprotective Agent Given Soon After Stroke Shows No Benefit
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal