tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preliminary safety results: addition of bevacizumab to 3 docetaxel regimens as adjuvant therapy for early stage breast cancer.
Authors: DA Yardley, L Hart, DM Waterhouse, S Badarinath, B Daniel, D Cook, J Thompson, BH Childs, HA Burris
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4107 Background: Docetaxel-containing chemotherapy regimens improve disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival in early stage breast cancer (BC) patients (pts). Bevacizumab (Bev) improves response rate and DFS in metastatic BC. This trial evaluates the feasibility of adding Bev to 3 adjuvant docetaxel BC regimens. Primary endpoint is cardiac safety (G3/4 congestive heart failure [CHF]).&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: Phase IIb, randomized, non-comparative study. Planned accrual: 225 pts (75/arm) with previously-untreated node-positive or high-risk node-negative BC. Eligibility: operable invasive adenocarcinoma ≥4 wks from surgery, normal cardiac function, known HER2 status. Pts with cardiac disease/risk of cardiac disease were not eligible. HER2 normal pts were randomized to (mg/m2 unless stated otherwise) Arm A (ACT): doxorubicin (A) 60 + cyclophosphamide (C) 600 q3w x 4 followed by docetaxel (T) 100 x 4 or Arm B (TAC): T 75 + A 50 + C 500 q3w x 6. FISH HER2+ pts received Arm C (TCH): T 75 + carboplatin AUC 6 q3w x 6 + trastuzumab (H) 6 mg/kg q3w x 52 wks. Bev 15 mg/kg q3w beginning Day 1 x 52 wks was administered in all arms. Granulocyte growth factor prophylaxis was mandated in all arms.&amp;#x2028; Results: Safety data are available for the first 138 pts (Arm A=53, Arm B=52, Arm C=33) receiving ≥4 cycles of treatment. Grade 3/4 toxicities (Arms A, B, C) included: neutropenia (n = 24, 22, 2), febrile neutropenia (5, 9, 0), leukopenia (10, 14, 1), thrombocytopenia (3, 7, 0) and fatigue (11, 3, 0). One on-study death occurred in Arm B from neutropenic enterocolitis. Documented CHF was reported in 3 pts (A=1, B=2), 2 occurring at the start of maintenance therapy. No cardiac events have been noted with Bev and H in Arm C. A total of 29 (21%) pts prematurely discontinued study treatment. Radiation therapy prior to study entry was administered in 4 pts (1, 1, 2). Concurrent Bev and adjuvant breast irradiation was administered in: Arm A=7 (13.2%), Arm B=15 (28.8%), Arm C=5 (15.2%). Most common AEs (Arms A, B, C) in these pts were: radiation skin injury (2, 2, 2), arthralgia (6, 4, 1), myalgia (4, 4, 1), bone pain (0, 4, 2), extremity pain (2, 1, 2), and rash (3, 3, 0).&amp;#x2028; Discussion: Preliminary data show an acceptable early safety profile, with no unexpected toxicity, when Bev was added to docetaxel adjuvant BC regimens. The addition of Bev did not result in increased risk of toxicity from standard radiotherapy administered either prior to or while on-study. Three early CHF events were observed; all occurred in pts receiving anthracyclines. No cardiac events have been identified with the Bev/trastuzumab combination. Accrual to the trial is ongoing. Updated results will be presented.&amp;#x2028; Support: sanofi-aventis,US. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4107.
Drug perception and the student-teacher gap. Reactions of 428 students and 72 teachers to an experimental trigger film on drugs
Authors: S. H. Schuman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A field test of a university-produced innovative film for teenagers which emphasizes motivations of drug behavior rather than drug facts produced some surprising results. Standard methods of film showing and collecting written individual responses were used in nine secondary schools in southeast Michigan. Among 500 viewers— 428 students and 72 faculty—a consistent and striking perception gap was noted: drug clues were correctly identified by 32.9% of the students compared to only 12.5% of the teachers and counselors (<i>P</i>= &lt;.001). Girls scored somewhat higher than boys, but there was remarkably little variation between schools by urbanization or economic scale. Such a gap in drug awareness has serious implications for those who would teach, counsel, or treat teenagers today.
Immunogenicity of a chimeric peptide corresponding to T helper and B cell epitopes of the Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein.
Authors: H Su, H D Caldwell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

The immunogenicity of a chimeric T/B cell peptide corresponding to antigenically characterized epitopes of the Chlamydia trachomatis major outer membrane protein (MOMP) was studied in mice to further define its potential use in the development of a subunit vaccine in preventing blinding trachoma in humans. The chimeric peptide, designated A8-VDI, corresponds to a conserved MOMP T helper (Th) cell epitope(s) (A8, residues 106-130) and serovar A VDI (residues 66-80), which contains the serovar-specific neutralizing epitope 71VAGLEK76. Mice immunized with peptide A8-VDI produced high-titered polyclonal IgG antibodies which recognized the VAGLEK-neutralizing epitope. Peptide A8-VDI primed A/J mice to produce high-titered serum-neutralizing antibodies in response to a secondary immunization with intact chlamydial elementary bodies (EBs). Peptide A8-VDI, but not peptide VDI alone, was immunogenic in six different inbred strains of mice disparate at H-2, indicating that the Th cell epitope(s) contained in the A8 portion of the chimera was recognized in the context of multiple major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotypes. An unexpected finding of this work was that different inbred strains of mice immunized with the chimeric peptide produced antibodies of differing fine specificities to the VDI portion of the chimera. Some mouse strains produced anti-VDI antibodies that did not recognize the VAGLEK-neutralizing epitope. The ability of mice to respond to the VAGLEK-neutralizing site was not dependent on MHC haplotype since mouse strains of the same H-2 haplotype produced anti-VDI antibodies of differing fine specificity.
Hypoglycemia after pancreas transplantation.
Authors: J B Redmon, A U Teuscher, R P Robertson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: Hypoglycemia is a serious complication of therapy for diabetes. Chronic hypoglycemia and the attendant decrease in quality of life have been rationales for advocating pancreas transplantation as an alternative treatment. However, reports have appeared that suggest that as high as 30-50% of pancreas transplant recipients have occasional symptoms of mild hypoglycemia. Therefore, we studied glucose and hormone levels in transplant recipients and healthy control subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied glucose and hormone levels in transplant recipients reporting frequent symptoms of hypoglycemia (n = 10), transplant recipients without symptoms of hypoglycemia (n = 9), and healthy control subjects (n = 8) after a mixed meal and during a subsequent 24-h modified fast. All transplant recipients were insulin-independent; were receiving prednisone, cyclosporine, and azothioprine; and had functioning grafts with systemic venous drainage. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in the fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, or glucagon levels when comparing the symptomatic with the asymptomatic groups of patients who had undergone successful pancreas transplantation. Similarly, no significant differences were found in the immediate postprandial period after a mixed meal. However, during the subsequent 24-h fast, glucose levels fell lower in the symptomatic than in the asymptomatic group of patients receiving a transplanted pancreas (71+/-2 vs. 81+/-2 mg/dl, P &amp;lt; 0.002). During the fast, no significant differences were found in insulin, C-peptide, or glucagon levels when comparing asymptomatic to symptomatic groups. Of 10 symptomatic recipients of pancreas transplantation, 5 reported symptoms of hypoglycemia during the study. In four of these five subjects, the onset of symptoms corresponded to nadirs in serum glucose, which occurred at values 2 SD or more below the mean glucose observed for the control and the asymptomatic pancreas recipient groups. The serum glucose levels at the time of symptoms in these four subjects were 55, 66, 51, and 57 mg/dl. In each of these four subjects, symptoms abated and the glucose levels rose spontaneously without intervention. One of these four subjects had elevated insulin binding activity in his serum consistent with endogenous insulin antibodies. This individual had a serum glucose value of 55 mg/dl at the conclusion of the 24-h fast without symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Among a group of pancreas transplant recipients reporting frequent symptoms of hypoglycemia, some individuals demonstrated transient, symptomatic postprandial hypoglycernia. With the exception of one recipient with insulin antibodies, no evidence was found for hypoglycemia during fasting. Although postprandial hypoglycemia may occur in some pancreas transplant recipients, it does not appear to be a highly significant clinical problem.
Assesment of extrahepatic dissemination (EHD)among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and long survival after treatment
Authors: O. Beloqui, B. Sangro, I. Herrero, I. Bilhao, J. A-Cienfuegos, F. Pardo, J. Ouiroga, F. Conchillo, J. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Compulsory psychiatric examination
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doctor, I Want to Die. Will You Help Me?
Authors: Timothy E. Quill
Journal: JAMA (1993)

IT HAD been 18 months since a 67-year-old retired man whose main joy in life was his two grandchildren was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. An arduous course of chemotherapy helped him experience a relatively good year where he was able to remain independent, babysitting regularly for his grandchildren. Recent tests revealed multiple new bony metastases. An additional round of chemotherapy and radiation provided little relief. By summer, pain and fatigue became unrelenting. He was no longer able to tolerate, much less care for, his grandchildren. His wife of 45 years devoted herself to his care and support. Nonetheless, his days felt empty and his nights were dominated by despair about the future. Though he was treated with modern pain control methods, his severe bone pain required daily choices between pain and sedation. Death was becoming less frightening than life itself. See also pp 874 and 875. A particularly severe
Total body computed tomography scan in the initial work‐up of Binet stage A chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: Results of the prospective, multicenter O‐CLL1‐GISL study
Authors: Massimo Gentile, Giovanna Cutrona, Sonia Fabris, Emanuela Anna Pesce, Luca Baldini, Francesco Di Raimondo, Caterina Musolino, Paolo Di Tonno, Nicola Di Renzo, Stefano Molica, Maura Brugiatelli, Fiorella Ilariucci, Simona Zupo, Serena Matis, Francesco Maura, Ernesto Vigna, Francesco Angrilli, Anna Grazia Recchia, Giovanni Quarta, Emilio Iannitto, Alberto Fragasso, Pellegrino Musto, Mauro Spriano, Iolanda Vincelli, Daniele Vallisa, Agostino Cortelezzi, Francesca Romana Mauro, Robin Foà, Massimo Federico, Antonino Neri, Manlio Ferrarini, Fortunato Morabito
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Total body computed tomography (TB-CT) scan is not mandatory in the diagnostic/staging algorithm of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this study was to determine the value and prognostic significance of TB-CT scan in early stage CLL patients. Baseline TB-CT scan was performed in 240 Binet stage A CLL patients (179 Rai low- and 61 Rai intermediate-risk) included in a prospective multicenter observational study (clinicaltrial.gov ID:NCT00917549). The cohort included 69 clinical monoclonal B lymphocytosis (cMBLs). Patients were restaged considering only radiological data. Following TB-CT scans, 20% of cases reclassified as radiologic Binet (r-Binet) stage B. r-Binet B patients showed a higher incidence of unfavorable cytogenetic abnormalities (P = 0.027), as well as a shorter PFS (P = 0.001). At multivariate analysis, r-Binet stage [HR = 2.48; P = 0.004] and IGHV mutational status [HR = 3.01; P = 0.002] retained an independent predictive value for PFS. Among 179 Rai low-risk cases, 100 were redefined as r-Rai intermediate-risk based upon TB-CT scan data, showing a higher rate of cases with higher ZAP-70 (P = 0.033) and CD38 expression (P = 0.029) and β2-microglobulin levels (P < 0.0001), as well as a shorter PFS than those with r-Rai low-risk (P = 0.008). r-Rai stage [HR = 2.78; P = 0.046] and IGHV mutational status [HR = 4.25; P = 0.009] retained a significant predictive value for PFS at multivariate analysis. Forty-two percent of cMBL patients were reclassified as r-small lymphocytic lymphomas (r-SLLs) by TB-CT scan. TB-CT scan appears to provide relevant information in early stage CLL related to the potential and the timing of patients to progress towards the more advanced disease stages.
Studies of Poliomyelitis in Seattle
Authors: R. T. Ravenholt
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Gaylord Anderson is quite correct in his criticism of the too-sweeping editorial comment in the Sept 1 issue ofThe Journal(<b>181</b>:784) concerning my article titled, "Poliomyelitic Paralysis and Tonsillectomy Reconsidered," which appeared in the May, 1962, issue of<i>American Journal of Diseases of Children</i>(<b>103</b>:658). In my interpretation of the findings, I was more reserved than was the editorial. Nevertheless, the editorial may have been useful in drawing attention to one of the dissident findings of a thorough study of poliomyelitis in Seattle. These findings, which are presented in three papers,<sup>1-3</sup>indicate that new insight can yet be gained into this complex and elusive disease by exhaustive analysis of its community epidemiology. In the first paper,<sup>1</sup>after the community historical and immunological setting is documented there is presented an analysis of the distribution of paralytic poliomyelitis according to time, place, age,
The Carrot or the Stick
Authors: W. C. Bornemeier
Journal: JAMA (1973)

For many years past, the number of specialists trained in any particular field has been determined by accident or by the appeal of the specialty. To a certain extent, it has been the carrot at the end of the stick that has induced medical students to select a certain future field of endeavor. Sometimes the carrot has taken the form of a dollar sign, sometimes leisure time, sometimes prestige in diagnosis or treatment. Never has the selection been due to adequate guidance or by an attempt by organized medicine to provide an equitable balance in the product of our educational process. The needs of the sick people of this country have been completely ignored. Who should be responsible for creating a proper balance of specialists to care for the needs of our people? The federal government has told the farmer how many acres of corn or wheat or beans that
Toxic Shock Syndrome: Case-Control Studies at the Centers for Disease Control
Authors: KATHRYN N. SHANDS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

In June and September 1980 the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) conducted two case-control studies to identify risk factors associated with menstrual toxic shock syndrome. The first study showed statistically significant associations with three variables: tampon use, continuous tampon use, and the lack of use of any birth control method. The second study showed statistically significant associations with tampon use and with the use of a single brand of tampons: Rely (Procter & Gamble). Analysis of the biases, strengths, and shortcomings of the studies suggests that the associations shown between toxic shock syndrome and tampons (Rely tampons in particular) are real and not the result of defects in study design or attendant publicity.
STUDIES ON PNEUMONIA VIRUS OF MICE (PVM) IN CELL CULTURE
Authors: Donald H. Harter, Purnell W. Choppin
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

Pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) has been serially propagated in a line of baby hamster kidney (BHK21) cells. A maximum titer of 6.3 x 106 TCID50 per ml was obtained, and there was little variation in yield on serial passage. PVM grown in BHK21 cells was antigenically similar to virus obtained from the mouse lung, but was somewhat less virulent for the mouse after 10 serial passages in these cells. Virus produced by BHK21 cells agglutinated mouse erythrocytes without prior heating or other treatment. Sedimentation of PVM in the ultracentrifuge or precipitation by ammonium sulfate resulted in a loss in infectivity but an increase in hemagglutinating activity, presumably due to disruption of the virus particle. In a potassium tartrate density gradient, the major portion of infective virus sedimented at a density of approximately 1.15, and noninfective hemagglutinin, at a density of approximately 1.13. Stock virus preparations appear to contain a large amount of noninfective hemagglutinin. The replication of PVM was not inhibited by 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, or 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. Infected cells contained eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions which showed the acridine orange staining characteristic of single-stranded RNA. Foci of viral antigen were observed in the cytoplasm of infected cells by fluorescent antibody staining. The results suggest that PVM is an RNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm.
Myelodysplastic syndromes: A study of surface markers and in vitro growth patterns
Authors: Denis Guyotat, Lydia Campos, Xavier Thomas, Liliana Vila, Zhi‐Hua Shi, Christiane Charrin, Odile Gentilhomme, Denis Fiere
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A study of surface markers and in vitro growth in semi‐solid and liquid medium was performed in 35 patients with newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Surface markers were studied by CD34, CD13, CD14, CD15, and CD33 monoclonal antibodies. There was no strict correlation with the FAB typing, but CD34 was expressed only in refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB) or RAEB in transformation (RAEB‐t). CD14 was markedly positive in the 4 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Colony‐forming cells were assessed by culture in semi‐solid medium in the presence of HTB9 as growth factor. Four growth patterns were identified: a) normal growth (6 cases); b) no growth or low plating efficiency (10 cases); c) low colony and high cluster number (15 cases); and d) normal or high colony number with high number of clusters (4 cases). Expression of CD34 was associated with low colony and high cluster number. Finally we studied the proliferation and differentiation capacities in liquid culture without stimulating factor. Fifteen patients had a spontaneous proliferation. This was not correlated with any surface marker. Differentiation assessed by the loss of CD34 and/or the increase of CD15 by more than 20% at day 7 was observed in 21 cases. None of the surface markers or growth patterns was associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality, except the lack of growth in liquid culture observed in all 5q deletion cases. In univariate analysis, RAEB and RAEB‐t FAB subtypes, percentage of blasts higher than 5%, staining by CD33 and CD34, and lack of differentiation in liquid culture were significantly associated with progression to leukemia and shorter survival. In multivariate analysis, only CD34 expression ( P = .002) and percentage of blasts ( P = .05) remained independent significant variables. CD34 was the only significant variable for prediction of survival ( P = .05). It is concluded that surface marker analysis at diagnosis and after liquid culture may be a useful tool for the initial evaluation of MDS.
Use of carboxyhaemoglobin levels to predict the development of diseases associated with cigarette smoking.
Authors: N Wald, S Howard, P G Smith, A Bailey
Journal: Thorax (1975)

Carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) levels in tobacco smokers vary throughout the day since they are affected by the pattern of tobacco consumption and the rate at which COHb is eliminated. A method is described whereby a single COHb measurement together with a recent smoking history may be used to estimate the average COHb "boost" produced by each cigarette, the total daily carbon monoxide (CO) uptake from smoking, and the mean COHb level throughout the day. These three indices of tobacco smoke absorption were estimated in nine healthy cigarette smokers on different days, each set of three estimations being derived from separate COHb determinations. The indices were reasonably reproducible within the same person, and the differences between people were statistically highly significant (P less than 0-001). For example, the estimates of mean daily COHb level resulting from smoking ranged from 0-7% to 9-3% in smokers who smoked 15 to 40 cigarettes a day. These differences are sufficiently large to distinguish possible differences in the risk of developing diseases such as ischaemic heart disease which may result from the inhalation and absorption of tobacco smoke. The suggested indices also depend less on the time of the blood test and on the daily pattern of smoking than a COHb level alone. The ratio of the COHb boost to the CO yield of a cigarrette may reflect depth of inhalation more accurately than a smoker9s self-assessment. Moreover there was little correlation between these two measures of inhalation in the nine subjects studied.