tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preventive Cardiologists Unready to Declare Victory in War Against Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

HEART DISEASE mortality in the United States has been falling by about 3% per year since the mid-1960s. But the message from the Second International Conference on Preventive Cardiology is: "This is no time to relax." Two decades ago, the United States had the second highest mortality from coronary heart disease in the world, exceeded only by Finland. Today, the United States ranks 15th in this regard. During the preventive cardiology conference in Washington, DC, Jeremiah Stamler, MD, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Ill, pointed out that, among men in the United States, there has been a 50% reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease during this period and an even greater reduction in mortality from stroke. Nor is it limited to men, he says: "It is seen in women also, in blacks and whites, across the entire age span from 35 to 84 years." <h3>Decline Uneven</h3> But heart disease
SKELETAL SCINTIGRAPHY WITH TECHNETIUM-99M TETRAPHENYL PORPHYRIN SULFONATE (TC-99MTPPS4) FOR THE DETECTION AND DETERMINATION OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL.
Authors: S. A. Ali, F. Cesani, M. L. Nusynowitz, M. Shirtliff, E. G. Briscoe, J. Mader
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Ali, S. A.; Cesani, F.; Nusynowitz, M. L.; Shirtliff, M.; Briscoe, E. G.; Mader, J. Author Information
921 EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C AND BETA-CAROTENE PRE-TREATMENT ON LIVER DAMAGE INDUCED BY SHORT-TERM CCL4 ADMINISTRATION IN RATS
Authors: S. Wamutu, S. Francque, S. Chatterjee, G. Muyombya, E. Musisi, E. Van Marck, G. Bimenya, P. Michielsen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Evolution, Risk Factors, and Prognostic Implications of Albuminuria in NIDDM
Authors: Leo K Niskanen, Ilkka Penttilã, Markku Parviainen, Matti I J Uusitupa
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To study the cumulative incidence of albuminuria and its determinants in NIDDM patients and nondiabetic subjects from the diagnosis and impact of albuminuria on cardiovascular mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a 10-year prospective observational study of 133 well-characterized middle-aged patients with newly diagnosed NIDDM and 144 control subjects. Both groups were examined at baseline and after 5 and 10 years. Urinary albumin excretion was determined from timed 24-h (baseline and 5-year examinations) or overnight samples (10-year examination). Microalbuminuria was defined as urinary albumin excretion of 30–300 mg/24 hr or 20–200 μg/min, with the higher values considered as macroalbuminuria. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of micro- and macroalbuminuria increased sharply after 5 years in NIDDM patients (baseline: 18.2 and 3.0%; 5 years: 18.9 and 1.8%; and 10 years: 33.0 and 10.2%) but markedly less in control subjects (baseline: 1.4 and 0%, P &amp;lt; 0.001 for diabetic patients vs. control subjects for any albuminuria; 5 years: 6.0 and 0.8%, P &amp;lt; 0.01; 10 years: 11.9 and 0.8%, P &amp;lt; 0.001). The most important determinant of the development of albuminuria was the metabolic control of diabetes in NIDDM patients during the follow-up, whereas in nondiabetic subjects, the development of albuminuria was related to elevated blood pressure and fasting insulin levels. Baseline and 5-year albuminuria predicted subsequent cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients, even when adjusted for multiple risk factors. The risk of cardiovascular death in NIDDM patients increased by simultaneous occurrence of hyperinsulinemia and albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of microalbuminuria in patients with NIDDM increases sharply with the duration of diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia is the main risk factor for microalbuminuria in diabetic patients. Microalbuminuria accompanied by hyperinsulinemia is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular death in NIDDM patients.
A RARE CASE OF CIRCUMSCRIBED TRAUMATIC ANEURYSM OF THE RIGHT INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY WITHIN THE CRANIUM, WITH RECOVERY AFTER OPERATION.
Authors: ALFRED HINDE
Journal: JAMA (1897)

enees which impair the vital organization of the spermatozoa and the ovule, and which become primary causes of congenital deformity.This is a very intricate question, but one not inca- pable of solution.Alcoholism, or habitual intemperance, rank first among the deleterious influences which effect the vital endowments of the original germs.You will find congenital deformity nowhere so common or existing in such hideous forms as among the habit- ually intemperate and degraded of the world's population.The effects of the constant saturation of the system with alco- hol must tend to impair the vital organization of the spermato- zoa and ovule, as it does any other organ of the body.On the other hand, habitual intemperance on the part of the female when pregnant must tend to impair the development of the fetus in utero by impairing cell growth.Again, we see child- ren born of perfectly temperate parents, with congenital defor- mities.In a family of five children, born of temperate parents, all were defective in a more or less degree.The maternal
Psoriasis and the virus
Authors: J.W.H. MALI, G.J. JONGH, P.D. MIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Journal Article Psoriasis and the virus Get access J.W.H. MALI, J.W.H. MALI Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.J. de JONGH, G.J. de JONGH Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.D. MIER P.D. MIER Department of Dermatology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 103, Issue 6, 1 December 1980, Pages 706–708, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb01700.x Published: 01 December 1980
Putting the brakes on BTLA in T cell–mediated cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Chrystal M. Paulos, Carl H. June
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Attenuating coinhibitory molecules for the treatment of cancer is gaining a great deal of attention as a strategy for immunotherapy. The B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA, CD272) is a novel coinhibitory molecule structurally and functionally related to CTLA-4 and PD-1. A study in this issue of the JCI by Derré et al. reveals that BTLA is expressed on virus-specific human CD8+ T cells but is progressively downregulated after their differentiation from a naive to effector phenotype (see the related article beginning on page 157). Surprisingly, tumor-specific human CD8+ T cells continue to express BTLA even after their differentiation to an effector phenotype. Remarkably, vaccination of melanoma patients with CpG led to BTLA downregulation on tumor-specific human CD8+ T cells, concomitant with restoration of their functionality. We discuss these findings in the context of the expanding field of cosignaling molecules and their implications for T cell–based therapies for cancer.
The Enhancing Effects of the Light Chain on Heavy Chain Secretion in Split Delivery of Factor VIII Gene
Authors: Lingxia Chen, Fuxiang Zhu, Juan Li, Hui Lu, Haiyan Jiang, Rita Sarkar, Valder R Arruda, Jinhui Wang, Jennifer Zhao, Glenn F Pierce, Qiulan Ding, Xuefeng Wang, Hongli Wang, Steven W Pipe, Xiang-Qin Liu, Xiao Xiao, Rodney M Camire, Weidong Xiao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)
Role of carcinoembryonic antigen in detection of asymptomatic disseminated disease in colorectal carcinoma.
Authors: I G Finlay, C S McArdle
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Fifty one patients were studied prospectively to evaluate the role of sequential determinations of the carcino-embryonic antigen concentration in the detection of asymptomatic disseminated disease after curative resection for colorectal carcinoma. Computed tomography of the liver was performed during the immediate postoperative period in all patients. Serum concentrations of the antigen were estimated at three month intervals for a minimum of two years. Computed tomography at the time of operation detected occult hepatic metastases in 12 patients. Of the remaining 39 patients, six developed local recurrence alone, two developed disseminated disease in the absence of hepatic metastases, and one developed hepatic disease at 10 months, as detected by sequential computed tomography. Of all 13 patients with asymptomatic hepatic metastases, only eight developed an increase in serum carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations before death. The median interval between detection by computed tomography and rise in antigen concentrations was 7.5 months. The corresponding median interval from increase in concentration to death was only 5.5 months. Of the six patients who developed local recurrence alone, only two had raised concentrations of the antigen. These results suggest that increase in the serum carcinoembryonic antigen concentration occurs late in colorectal carcinoma.
The role of isoproterenol during electrophysiologic evaluation of patients with nonsustained ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Suneet Mittal, Gaurang Gandhi, David J. Lomnitz, Sunil Mirchandani, Kenneth M. Stein, Steven M. Markowitz, David J. Slotwiner, Sei Iwai, Mithilesh K. Das, Bruce B. Lerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Iron Stores of Normal Adults and Replenishment With Oral Iron Therapy
Authors: Jack A. Pritchard, Ruble A. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Stored iron readily available for hemoglobin synthesis was measured by means of repeated phlebotomy in 13 carefully selected normal young men and women. The stores of the males averaged 819 mg, while those of the 10 normal nulliparous women averaged only 254 mg or about one-third as much as in the males. The ability of orally administered iron to regenerate iron stores was studied in six of these previously normal volunteers, and in three women who had become iron depleted and severely anemic due to menorrhagia. It was demonstrated that iron stores can be replenished with iron administered orally, but to accomplish this the medication must be continued for several months after the hemoglobin concentration has returned to normal.
Pulmonary nodules as initial manifestation of primary Sjogren's syndrome
Authors: M A Reuss-Borst
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

A 66 year old white woman was referred to us for further evaluation of pulmonary nodules. Her medical history was as follows: in July 2001 multiple pulmonary nodules were recorded on a chest x ray examination as well as computed tomographic (CT) scan (fig 1). Cancer of unknown origin with multiple lung metastases was suspected. The patient showed no pulmonary symptoms at any time, was a non-smoker, and had not been exposed to any environmental toxins. She underwent an intensive search for the primary tumour, but all investigations were unsuccessful. Thus anterolateral thoracotomy was performed for histological evaluation of the nodules, which were classified as disseminated rheumatoid nodules (fig 2).

On presentation at our clinic, the patient reported extreme dryness of mouth and eyes, as well as Raynaud’s phenomenon. She did not have any history of fever, night sweats, weight loss, thrombosis, arthralgias, …
Dispute over some herbicides rages in wake of Agent Orange
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diseases of the Retina
Authors: Albert M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1968)

At the vital center of visual function is the retina, and at the vital center of ophthalmology is the study of retinal disease. Thus, any publication on retinal disease demands attention, but the appearance of nearly 900 pages by a world authority on the subject is a once-in-a-lifetime publishing event. In terms of scope, of content, of authoritativeness, of illustrations, there is not even any near competition from existing books. The organization of subject matter follows the lines of the section on the retina in the 1940 volume of Duke-Elder's textbook. The main headings are "General Considerations" (anatomical and pathological principles and the healing of wounds), "Disturbances of the Circulation," "Inflammation of the Retina," "Retinopathies Associated With General Disease," "Degenerations and Dystrophies," "Cysts and Tumors of the Retina," "Detachment and Folding of the Retina." The treatment is at its very best when it deals with ophthalmoscopic and histopathological pictures of
Silicone Injections for Soft-tissue Augmentation
Authors: Joseph F. Sadusk
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In February 1964 an article appeared in a nationwide Sunday newspaper supplement under the caption "Have Doctors Found the Fountain of Youth?" This article extolled the value of injections of fluid silicones for soft-tissue augmentation, including mammary augmentation. As a consequence of this publicity, a number of practitioners have been approached by prospective patients requesting this type of cosmetic treatment. It originally appeared that this demand would be shortlived and of little importance. On the contrary, interest in this technique has apparently remained high, especially in certain parts of the United States. In addition, advertisements have appeared in newspapers in this country announcing the availability of this technique abroad. Because of this continued active interest, we wish to inform your readers of the facts known to the Food and Drug Administration about the use of silicones in this manner. Silicones, alone or in combination with other substances
Evidence for altered synthesis of type II collagen in patients with osteoarthritis.
Authors: F Nelson, L Dahlberg, S Laverty, A Reiner, I Pidoux, M Ionescu, G L Fraser, E Brooks, M Tanzer, L C Rosenberg, P Dieppe, A Robin Poole
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

There is evidence to suggest that the synthesis of type II collagen is increased in osteoarthritis (OA). Using an immunoassay, we show that the content of the C-propeptide of type II procollagen (CPII), released extracellularly from the newly synthesized molecule, is directly related to the synthesis of this molecule in healthy and osteoarthritic articular cartilages. In OA cartilage, CPII content is often markedly elevated (mean 7.6-fold), particularly in the mid and deep zones, reaching 29.6% of the content in newborn. Synthesis is also directly related to total collagen II content in OA, suggesting its importance in maintaining collagen content and cartilage structure. The release of CPII from cartilage is correlated directly with cartilage content. However, the increase in CPII in OA cartilage is not reflected in serum, where a significant reduction is observed. Together these studies provide evidence for alterations in procollagen II synthesis in vivo in patients with OA.
Disease cost in a surgical ward.
Authors: D R Harper
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Data relating to the cost of caring for individual patients were collected for all patients in a general surgical ward over a six-month period. From this the cost per patient was calculated for various diseases and was found to be related to duration of stay. Postoperative morbidity was important in determining cost. A system that calculates cost by means of units based on the use of resources rather than by cash cost accounting is probably the most suitable for a clinician who has to monitor resources.
Review: bDMARDs plus conventional synthetic DMARDs have greater efficacy than either alone in RA
Authors: Ami Schattner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Nam JL, Ramiro S, Gaujoux-Viala C, et al. Efficacy of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic literature review informing the 2013 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73:516-28. 24399231
Influence of thyroid status on intracellular distribution of cardiac adrenoceptors.
Authors: C Limas, C J Limas
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Previous studies have suggested that thyroid hormones influence the number of membrane-bound cardiac adrenoceptors, but their effect on the intracellular distribution of adrenoceptors has not been examined. A plasma cell membrane and a vesicular fraction devoid of membrane markers were prepared from hearts of euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats and were used to compare beta- and alpha-adrenoceptors. During daily injection of l-thyroxine, cardiac hypertrophy developed within 4 days and remained unchanged thereafter. The number of membrane-bound beta-receptors increased progressively and plateaued within 2 weeks of thyroxine administration. Vesicular beta-receptors, on the other hand, increased more gradually and to a lesser extent so that after 2 weeks of l-thyroxine injection, they constituted a smaller proportion of the total beta-receptor population compared to normal rats. In contrast, the number of cardiac alpha 1-adrenoceptors declined rapidly to about 80% of that in euthyroid animals and did not change further for the duration of the study. Membrane-bound and vesicular alpha 1-adrenoceptors were affected to the same extent in hyperthyroidism. During regression of cardiac hypertrophy following cessation of thyroxine administration, alpha 1-adrenoceptors rose rapidly (within 2 days) to normal values while beta-receptors declined more gradually to normal levels within 2 weeks. In hypothyroid rats, there was a significant decline in the density of both alpha 1- and beta-adrenoceptors, with a shift away from the vesicular fraction. These results indicate that both the total numbers of cardiac adrenoceptors and their distribution between the plasma membrane and vesicular fraction are influenced by the thyroid status.
Lansley's legacy
Authors: K. Walshe
Journal: BMJ (2012)

How not to do health reform; now there is an opportunity to refocus on what matters

Since the coalition government was formed in the United Kingdom in May 2010, the secretary of state for health for England, Andrew Lansley, has dogmatically pursued a highly controversial health reform agenda in the face of widespread public and professional opposition. Lansley’s removal last week from the role, his demotion, and his replacement by Jeremy Hunt have provoked much media comment about his track record and the future of his health reforms. Lansley spent six years as shadow health secretary in opposition. During that time, he apparently gave much thought to how to achieve his vision of the NHS as a market based healthcare system in which private, not for profit, and public providers compete alongside each other, with general practitioners commissioning health services on behalf of their patients.1 However, the past two years have delivered a painful and costly demonstration of how not to do health reform.

Four main weaknesses undermined Lansley’s efforts to reform the English health service. Firstly, it was not clear what …
Retrograde Thoracic Aortography
Authors: Victor A. Panaro
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Retrograde thoracic aortography is a safe, simple method of opacifying and recording roentgenographically the thoracic aorta and its branches for the purpose of studying diseases intrinsic to these great vessels as well as those structures adjacent to their course. <h3>Technique</h3> Preliminary studies include a complete blood count; urinalysis; determination of blood urea nitrogen, bleeding and clotting times, and prothrombin time; electrocardiogram; and evaluation of the peripheral pulses. After adequate premedication, percutaneous catheterization of the femoral artery is carried out with local anesthesia using the Seldinger technique.<sup>1</sup>Under fluoroscopic control, a No. 7 or 8 Teflon catheter is advanced over a spring guide into the ascending aorta until its tip lies approximately 2 cm above the valve. The negotiation of the arch is facilitated by a gentle preformed curve in the catheter tip. Upon withdrawal of the spring guide, 10 cc of blood is forcefully aspirated to remove any clot formation
Budd-Chiari syndrome as the major thrombotic complication of systemic lupus erythematosus with the lupus anticoagulant.
Authors: M Averbuch, Y Levo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus was first diagnosed after she had developed the Budd-Chiari syndrome. We believe that the Budd-Chiari syndrome was part of her tendency for thrombosis, induced by the presence of a lupus anticoagulant. The association between enhanced thrombosis and the lupus anticoagulant is discussed, and the need for prompt recognition and administration of anticoagulant therapy is emphasised.