tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A SYNDROME DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF THE VITAMIN B COMPLEX
Authors: MICHAEL J. LEPORE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Progress in the recognition of vitamin B deficiency states in human beings has been hampered by the lack of simple and reliable laboratory tests. As a result, clinicians have resorted to the therapeutic trial as their main aid in the diagnosis of these deficiencies. Many worthwhile advances have been made in this way, but, because of uncontrolled variables, many errors have also been made. The "Give-a-dose, if-the-patient-feels-better-he-has-a-deficiency" school of research workers has aroused a storm of criticism, causing conservative clinicians to be extremely skeptical of their reported results. To the discerning and critical clinician it has become apparent that, in the absence of specific tests for deficiency of the various components of the vitamin B complex, reliance must be placed on other types of objective criteria and not merely on the patient's increased sense of well being. It is with this point in mind that we present this report based
OCULAR CHANGES IN YOUNG DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: C. S. O'BRIEN
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Ocular complications of diabetes mellitus are believed to be extremely rare in patients under 35 years of age. In fact, until recently ophthalmologists were under the impression that one never encountered diabetic retinopathy in these younger persons. It is now recognized that cataract is not infrequently seen in children and young adults with this common metabolic disease. Also changes in refraction are common, especially at times when the blood sugar concentration is changing rapidly. As proof that diabetic retinopathy is not so rare as generally believed, studies of the fundi of 555 young patients with diabetes revealed 23 with retinal pathologic change which was apparently due to that disease alone. Also in an additional survey of 260 young diabetic patients 43 were found to have lens changes of the type known to occur with this disease. In our experience there are two very rare ocular complications of diabetes, namely lipemia
Functional defect in neutrophil cytosols from two patients with autosomal recessive cytochrome-positive chronic granulomatous disease.
Authors: J T Curnutte, P J Scott, B M Babior
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The kinetics of activation of the respiratory burst oxidase in the cell-free oxidase-activating system have been explained by a three-stage mechanism in which the membrane-associated oxidase components M: (a) take up a cytosolic factor S to form a complex M.S that is (b) slowly converted in the second stage to a precatalytic species [M.S]*, which finally (c) takes up two more (possibly identical) cytosolic components, C alpha and C beta, to successively generate [M.S]*C alpha, a low-activity (i.e., high Km) oxidase, and finally [M.S]*C alpha C beta, the ordinary (i.e., low Km) oxidase (Babior, B.M., R. Kuver, and J.T. Curnutte. 1988. J. Biol. Chem. 263:1713-1718). Studies with the cell-free oxidase-activating system from normal neutrophils and from neutrophils obtained from two patients with type II (autosomal recessive cytochrome-positive) chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) have suggested that (a) the defective element in the cytosol from patient neutrophils is S; (b) in normal neutrophil cytosol, S is limiting with respect to M; and (c) C alpha and C beta interact cooperatively with the activated precursor complex [M.S]*. It was further speculated that S might be identical to the nonphosphorylated progenitor of the phosphorylated 48-kD proteins that are missing in certain forms of CGD, and that other forms of type II CGD besides the one described in this report remain to be discovered.
Influence of heart rate and vasoactive drugs on blood flow patterns at the canine ilio-femoral bifurcation
Authors: C. J H Jones, M J. Lever, K. H Parker, Y. Ogasawara, O. Hiramatsu, K. Tsujioka, T. Takenaka, C. G Caro, F. Kajiya
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to study the effects of altered heart rate and vasoactive drugs on the blood velocity patterns in the region of an arterial bifurcation. Methods: Blood velocity profiles were measured in an exposed iliofemoral bifurcation of paced dogs using a pulsed Doppler ultrasound velocimeter with high temporal and spatial resolution. Results: Decrease of the heart rate from 120 beats·min−1 (2 Hz) to 60 beats·min−1 (1 Hz) increased me peak forward velocity (30%), the peak reverse velocity (20%), and the duration of reverse flow (25%). Each drug caused qualitatively similar changes in velocity patterns at both heart rates. The systemic administration of angiotensin II reduced peak forward velocity (–26% at 2 Hz and –33% at 1 Hz) and forward flow duration (–15% at 1 Hz), the peak reverse velocity (–30% at 1 Hz), and reverse flow duration (–20% at 2 Hz and –28% at 1 Hz). Glyceryl trinitrate also reduced the peak forward velocity (–19% at both 2 and 1 Hz) but prolonged forward flow duration (28% at 2 Hz and 17% at 1 Hz) and that of reverse flow (45% at 2 Hz and 24% at 1 Hz), and also decreased the degree of oscillation (−16% at 2 Hz). Barnidipine hydrochloride (a calcium channel antagonist) also increased the duration of forward flow (48% at 1 Hz) and of reverse flow (31% at 2 Hz) but reduced the peak reverse velocity (−29% at 1 Hz) and flow oscillation (−22% at 2 Hz and 20% at 1 Hz). Conclusions: These dramatic changes in the pattern of blood flow, including alterations in the amplitudes and durations of the different phases of the flow cycle, are expected to have important consequences on the shear dependent responses of endothelial cells in the region of the bifurcation. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:1686-1693
Chlamydia trachomatis in the Pharynx
Authors: BARBARA ROMANOWSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1985Chlamydia trachomatis in the PharynxBARBARA ROMANOWSKI, M.D., DAVID A. HAWKINS, M.D.BARBARA ROMANOWSKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID A. HAWKINS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-646_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Jones and associates (1) presents interesting new information regarding pharyngeal isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis. Not only were the authors able to isolate chlamydia from 3.4% of their study population, but they were also able to correlate positive cultures in women with a history of fellatio. Perhaps their most important observation relates to 45 of 82 pharyngeal cultures being positive only after passage.We recently examined 160 homosexual men for evidence of pharyngeal sexually transmitted pathogens. Half of the group had pharyngitis for a mean of 12.8 days, whereas the remaining 80 patients were...References1. JONESRABINOVITCHKATZ RRB. Chlamydia trachomatis in the pharynx and rectum of heterosexual patients at risk for genital infection. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:757-62. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BOWIEALEXANDERHOLMES WEK. Chlamydial pharyngitis? Sex Transm Dis. 1977;4:140-1. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: MRC Clinical Research Centre Harrow, Middlesex England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Clinical Approach to the Male Homosexual Patient 1 October 1985Volume 103, Issue 4Page: 646-646KeywordsChlamydiaChlamydia trachomatisHomosexualsPathogensPharyngitisPharynx Issue Published: 1 October 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Continuous delivery of human type I interferons (α/β) has significant activity against acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in a xenograft model
Authors: Reuben Benjamin, Asim Khwaja, Nalini Singh, Jenny McIntosh, Anthony Meager, Meenu Wadhwa, Christian Streck, Catherine Ng, Andrew M. Davidoff, Amit C. Nathwani
Journal: Blood (2006)
Clinical Treatment of Back and Neck Pain
Authors: Lee H. Riley
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The title of this book is misleading. Actually, Dr. Kraus considers the treatment of back and neck pain resulting from muscle weakness, poor posture, or muscle imbalance and not that associated with any identifiable lesion such as a herniated intervertebral disk, osteoarthritis of the spine, the sequela of trauma, mechanical abnormalities such as spondylolisthesis, abnormalities of the spinal cord or peripheral nerves, or diseases of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, or cardiovascular systems. The method of examination given by Dr. Kraus stresses structural measurements such as chest expansion, scapulaspine distance, angle of pelvic tilt, elasticity of muscles, and the determination of muscle strength and holding power. The Kraus-Weber test for minimal muscular fitness is outlined in detail. A thorough description of exercises for the spine is given. The technique of injecting "triggerpoints" within ligaments and muscles is described in detail. Techniques of "supportive physical therapy" such as use of ethyl chloride spray
Glycosuria and Recovery Following Methyl Salicylate Poisoning
Authors: ELMER L. SEVRINGHAUS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 May 1930Glycosuria and Recovery Following Methyl Salicylate PoisoningELMER L. SEVRINGHAUS, M.D., OVID O. MEYER, M.D.ELMER L. SEVRINGHAUS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, OVID O. MEYER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-11-1147 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAcute intoxication with methyl salicylate is reported to have been fatal from a dose of one ounce. There have been recoveries following such doses and also deaths from smaller doses in children. The variable susceptibility to salicylic acid intoxication is likewise recognized. 1The following case is of interest because of the recovery following a large dose, and because of the discovery of glycosuria as a feature of the intoxication.A nurse, thinking she was taking an ounce of saturated solution of magnesium sulfate, took the same amount of synthetic methyl salicylate instead. This was at 8 a.m. She explained the...1 PETERSONHAINESWEBSTER FWSRW: "Legal Medicine and Toxicology," 2nd Ed., Phil., 1923, v. 2, p. 717. Google Scholar2 PINCUSHANDLEY JBHE: Bull. Johns Hop. Hosp., v. 41, p. 163, 1927. Google Scholar3 WOODBURYNICHOLLS FVAG: Can. Med. Ass'n. J., v. 18, p. 169, 1928. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ELMER L. SEVRINGHAUS, M.D.; OVID O. MEYER, M.D.Affiliations: Wisconsin General Hospital University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPhysiologic Abnormalities of Salicylate IntoxicationDifferential Diagnosis of Salicylate Intoxication and Diabetic AcidosisVergiftungen mit Salizylsäure und ihren Estern, Acetyl-Salizylsäure, Salizyl-Salizylsäure (Diplosal), Methylsalizylsäure (Wintergrünöl) und dem Glycerinester Glycosal 1 May 1930Volume 3, Issue 11Page: 1147-1148KeywordsChildrenIntoxicationMagnesiumNursesSalicylatesSulfates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species drive proinflammatory cytokine production
Authors: Edwina Naik, Vishva M. Dixit
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are observed in chronic human diseases such as neurodegeneration, Crohn’s disease, and cancer. In addition to the presence of oxidative stress, these diseases are also characterized by deregulated inflammatory responses, including but not limited to proinflammatory cytokine production. New work exploring the mechanisms linking ROS and inflammation find that ROS derived from mitochondria act as signal-transducing molecules that provoke the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokine subsets via distinct molecular pathways.
Handguns and Homicide
Authors: Allyn J. McDowell
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although the author proposed that we "formulate" the subject matter of handguns and homicide into a "public health problem," it remains in reality a political issue, and one so basic as to be dealt with explicitly in our Bill of Rights. An informed opinion regarding it calls for no special medical knowledge, and the opinion polls among doctors cited by Dr Browning may well reflect nothing more than the effects of one-sided political propaganda. The author also failed to present readers with both sides of the issues involved. The alarming rate increases presented actually referred to homicides of all types, including stabbings, beatings, and bludgeonings. Omitted was the fact that the percentage of homicides in which handguns were the chosen weapon has remained about the same (approximately 50%) year after year. The author quoted the 1973 FBI Uniform Crime Report in order to show a national homicide
MEDICO LEGAL INVESTIGATION OF DEATHS BY VIOLENCE IN MASSACHUSETTS.Read before the Section on Medical Jurisprudence and Neurology at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: SILAS D. PRESBERY
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In 1877 the Legislature of Massachusetts passed An Act to abolish the office of coroner and to provide for medical examinations and inquests in cases of death by violence. By the terms of this act the county commissioners in each county, except that of Suffolk, were called upon to divide their several counties into suitable districts for the appointment of one medical examiner in each district; and such examiner while appointed from a district, has the power to exercise his function in any part of the county of which his district is a portion. In practice, however, an examiner does not act in the district of another except in case of absence or disability of the latter. Examiners hold office for seven years and are appointed by the governor by and with the advice of the council.  The thirteen counties were divided into 68 districts, according to the distribution of
Identification of hemoglobins in single erythrocytes by electrophoresis
Authors: Stephen I. O. Anyaibe, Verle E. Headings
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract We present here a method for electrophoretic identification of hemoglobin variants in many individual erythrocytes simultaneously, which is made possible by instruments developed in our laboratory. The system spaces and aligns the erythrocytes along a common origin and prevents “doubling up” of cells. Unambiguous separation of different hemoglobins (Hbs) occurred from single erythrocytes, such as Hbs A, C, F. Staged micrographs showed that hemoglobins of differing mobility from a single cell arise from a single point source of hemoglobin. In principle this capability is applicable to other proteins and could facilitate investigation at a cellular level into a variety of questions pertaining to gene action.
Utility of B-Natriuretic Peptide in Detecting Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Emily Lubien, Anthony DeMaria, Padma Krishnaswamy, Paul Clopton, Jen Koon, Radmila Kazanegra, Nancy Gardetto, Erin Wanner, Alan S. Maisel
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Although Doppler echocardiography has been used to identify abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling dynamics, inherent limitations suggest the need for additional measures of diastolic dysfunction. Because data suggest that B-natriuretic peptide (BNP) partially reflects ventricular pressure, we hypothesized that BNP levels could predict diastolic abnormalities in patients with normal systolic function.We studied 294 patients referred for echocardiography to evaluate ventricular function. Patients with abnormal systolic function were excluded. Cardiologists making the assessment of LV function were blinded to BNP levels. Patients were classified as normal, impaired relaxation, pseudonormal, and restrictivelike filling patterns. Patients diagnosed with evidence of abnormal LV diastolic function (n=119) had a mean BNP concentration of 286 +/- 31 pg/mL; those in the normal LV group (n=175) had a mean BNP concentration of 33 +/- 3 pg/mL. Patients with restrictive like filling patterns on echocardiography had the highest BNP levels (408 +/- 66 pg/mL), and patients with symptoms had higher BNP levels in all diastolic filling patterns. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for BNP to detect any diastolic dysfunction was 0.92 (95% CI, 0.87 to 0.95; P<0.001). A BNP value of 62 pg/mL had a sensitivity of 85%, a specificity of 83%, and an accuracy of 84% for detecting diastolic dysfunction.A rapid assay for BNP can reliably detect the presence of diastolic abnormalities on echocardiography. In patients with normal systolic function, elevated BNP levels and diastolic filling abnormalities might help to reinforce the diagnosis diastolic dysfunction.
Pink Disease--Ten Years After (The Epilogue)
Authors: J. G. Dathan, C. C. Harvey
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Since pink disease was described by Swift in 1914 there has been no unanimous view concerning the causation of this disease.Warkany and Hubbard (1948) first suggested that the cause might be chronic metallic poisoning, incriminating mercury, particularly that administered to infants in the form of teething powders.This view received support from Bivings (1949), who found mercury in 28 out of 31 consecutive cases of pink disease, and was reinforced by Gaisford (1949) in Manchester.Three years later, however, in a reply to a question in the House of Commons, Miss Hornsby-Smith (1952), for the Minister of Health, stated: " Inquiries are already in progress at various children's hospitals, and, although the indiscriminate use of teething powders is clearly undesirable, there is not yet definite evidence to justify general publicity."The deaths of two infants in 1953 were reported to H.M. Coroner in Stoke-on-Trent, and the verdict at each inquest showed that death was from bronchopneumonia due to pink disease resulting from chronic mercurial poisoning from teething powders.On 10 December 1953 the attention of the Home Secretary was drawn to the first of these inquests, and he was asked whether, in view of the evidence, action should not be taken to prohibit the use of these substances.During the course of his reply the Home Secretary stated that "inquiries were not yet complete."Thus his reply differed little from that made on behalf of the Minister of Health some 20 months earlier.However, as a direct result of these two inquests, which received wide publicity, the manufacturers of the teething powders concerned ceased their production, and subsequently advertised " new and improved " powders, made to a formula which did not include mercury.The British Medical 7ournal (1954), commenting upon the paper incriminating mercury that appeared in the same issue (Dathan, 1954), stated that " there will be a good opportunity for investigating the residual cases which occur after the present supplies of powders containing calomel have disappeared from the chemists' shops."This opportunity is now taken after 10 years, and results show how correct earlier authors had been in their belief that chronic mercury poisoning was the main, if not the only, cause of pink disease.
The Medical Management of AIDS
Authors: John A. Robinson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Medical Writings15 July 1997The Medical Management of AIDSJohn A. Robinson, MDJohn A. Robinson, MDLoyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-2-199707150-00055 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Medical Management of AIDS5th edition. Sande MA, Volberding PA; eds. 515 pages. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1997. $59.00. ISBN 0721669085. Order phone 800-545-2522.Field of medicine: Internal medicine and infectious diseases.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Internists and other clinicians.Purpose: To serve as an up-to-date guide on how to care for patients with HIV infection and AIDS.Content: New perspectives on the epidemiology and molecular biology of HIV infection are followed by focused organ-specific chapters that provide information and common sense directives on how to care for HIV-infected patients. Specialized topics, such as HIV in pregnancy and in children, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 2Page: 176KeywordsAIDSHIVHIV infectionsInfectious diseasesKaposi sarcomaMolecular biologyMolecular epidemiologyPatientsPregnancyThorax ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Life events and breast cancer prognosis.
Authors: C. C. Chen, T. Fahy
Journal: BMJ (1992)

referred to in the personal communication to Swedberg, but in our trial withdrawals for this reason were according to prespecified criteria and in line with usual clinical practice.The size of our trial was indeed based on a comparison of active with placebo treatment, but, as we pointed out, an assessment of the two active agents was an important secondary objective from the outset.The advantage of the diuretic over the 3 blocker was clear, particularly for coronary events, and is also suggested by other recent results.' Swedberg is surely not suggesting that findings of such immediate clinical relevance should remain unreported.
Obesity: A Serious Symptom
Authors: GEORGE A. BRAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Obesity, defined as excess body fat, is detrimental to longevity. That obesity is a symptom rather than a disease is illustrated by its clinical and experimental heterogeneity. Triglyceride accumulation proceeds by enlargement of adipose cells or hyperplasia of the adipose organ, or both. Weight loss occurs by contraction of individual adipose cells without change in their total number. Food intake is controlled by the ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic areas, in response to not fully understood environmental and metabolic cues. Increased secretion of insulin and decreased secretion of growth hormone characterize obesity, and cortisol secretion and turnover are increased; these seem to be secondary to the obese state. The failure of dietary restriction has led to radical approaches for treating the grossly obese. Rapid and steady weight loss can be achieved by semistarvation or total fasting, but these methods are complicated by hypotension and electrolyte imbalances, as well as by metabolic derangements owing to protein loss and the use of body fat as the primary fuel source. Thyroid hormone can be useful in weight loss maintenance. Surgical approaches are a last resort; the commonest, the jejunoileal bypass, has produced substantial, lasting weight loss in many cases, but there is significant operative mortality and sometimes progressive liver failure and death, or intestinal obstruction and transitory arthropathy.