tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE WIRING OF ANEURYSMS
Authors: Ferdinand C. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1931)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Since the work of W. M. Millar (The Use of Wires in Blood Vessel Surgery,<i>Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol.</i>&amp;<i>Med.</i><b>28:</b>193 [Nov.] 1930), who showed experimentally that zinc wire causes a quicker clotting than any other wire when placed in the thoracic aorta, I have had occasion to wire in patients two aneurysms of the ascending and transverse arch. One of the greatest difficulties was to find a source of supply for this wire, but finally I was referred to the Hudson Wire Company, Ossining, N. Y., which furnished me with zinc wire, electrically prepared, and virtually pure, testing 99.99 pure zinc. The wire we used was number 23, B. and S. gage. It was thoroughly cleaned first and then roughened by abrading with coarse emery paper so that the circulating blood would strike these roughened surfaces and thus form the nucleus for a clot.
Population Screening for Cholesterol Determination
Authors: Ernst L. Wynder
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A screening for plasma cholesterol levels was conducted at six sites in the New York metropolitan area and involved hospitals, health professionals, paraprofessionals, media experts, and instruments that provided cholesterol levels rapidly. During the five days of the testing, over 12 000 participants were screened. Because the program was limited to customary working hours and because of self-selection of participants, the subjects were probably an unusually health-conscious group as evidenced by the low prevalence of cigarette smokers (11%). Nevertheless, 12% were at moderate risk and 16% were at high risk for coronary heart disease. Approximately half of the population reported never having had their cholesterol levels tested, and over 40% had no idea what levels were optimal. A subsample of patients at risk was screened by telephone survey. In the majority of cases, when a patient's physician was consulted for advice, no action was recommended. Our results demonstrate that a large population screening can be implemented, that at least certain segments of the public will respond to such a program, and that educational efforts must be directed at both the public at large and physicians. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:2839-2842)
AN INTESTINAL THREADWORM AS A RESERVOIR AND INTERMEDIATE HOST FOR SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS
Authors: Emmett B. Shotts, John W. Foster, Max Brugh, Helen E. Jordan, James L. McQueen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

A laboratory model exemplifying Shope's concept of virus carriage by helminths was developed using Strongyloides ratti (Sandground, 1925), swine influenza virus, and caesarean-originated, barrier-sustained (COBS) mice and rats. It was shown that S. ratti can act as a carrier of swine influenza virus and infect mice, despite the fact that the nematode has undergone a complete life cycle after exposure to virus in infected rats. COBS rats were inoculated with the virus via the intranasal route and subsequently infected with S. ratti. The larvae and eggs found in the feces collected from these rats were allowed to develop in vitro. These second generation filariform larvae were then inoculated subcutaneously into COBS mice. At necropsy, 5-8 days postinoculation, swine influenza virus was isolated from 15% of the mouse lungs. In control studies, swine influenza virus was not isolated from the feces of the COBS rats which served as a source of both unexposed and exposed S. ratti. Swine influenza virus was recovered in vitro from S. ratti homogenates. It is suggested that this laboratory model be used to study more closely the various aspects of the ecology of virus-helminth relationships in vertebrate hosts.
Reducing High Blood Cholesterol Levels With Drugs
Authors: Bruce A. Boselli
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.—  The recent article by Schulman et al 1 considers the cost-effectiveness of the use of several lipid-altering agents for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, with the ultimate goal of reducing the risk for the development of coronary heart disease. Acknowledging that we, as the manufacturer of one of the pharmacologic agents (gemfibrozil) mentioned in this article, have a vested interest in the published results by Schulman et al, we nonetheless believe that certain issues in this study need to be addressed.  The authors assumed that all of the lipid-regulating agents (ie, cholestyramine resin, colestipol hydrochloride, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, niacin, and probucol) used in their analyses have been proved to be effective in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. We believe this assumption cannot be presently supported from the published literature. Only cholestyramine resin 2 and gemfibrozil 3,4 have undergone long-term primary prevention trials that demonstrated their safety and
496 Increased intrahepatic cyclooxygenase-2 and metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression associates with advanced liver disease in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: Role of viral core and NS5A proteins
Authors: O. Nunez, A. Fernandez-Martinez, A. Apolinario, R. Lorente, L. Bosca, G. de la Cruz, G. Clemente, P. Martin-Sanz, C. Garcia-Monzon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Aberrant BAF57 Signaling Facilitates Prometastatic Phenotypes
Authors: Sucharitha Balasubramaniam, Clay E.S. Comstock, Adam Ertel, Kwang Won Jeong, Michael R. Stallcup, Sankar Addya, Peter A. McCue, William F. Ostrander, Michael A. Augello, Karen E. Knudsen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

BAF57, a component of the switching-defective and sucrose nonfermenting (SWI/SNF) chromatin-remodeling complex conglomerate, modulates androgen receptor activity to promote prostate cancer. However, the molecular consequences of tumor-associated BAF57 expression have remained undefined in advanced disease such as castration-resistant prostate cancer and/or metastasis.Clinical human specimens of primary and metastatic prostate cancer were immunohistochemically examined for tumor-grade association of BAF57 expression. Global gene expression analyses were conducted in models mimicking tumor-associated BAF57 expression. Aberrant BAF57-dependent gene expression changes, bypass of androgen-mediated signaling, and chromatin-specific SWI/SNF complex alterations with respect to cytoskeletal remodelers such as integrins were validated. Cell migration assays were used to profile the biologic phenotypes conferred under conditions simulating tumor-derived BAF57 expression.Immunohistochemical quantitation of primary human specimens revealed that BAF57 was significantly and aberrantly elevated as a function of tumor grade. Critically, gene expression analyses showed that BAF57 deregulation circumvented androgen-mediated signaling, elicited α2 integrin upregulation, and altered other SWI/SNF complex components at the α2 integrin locus. BAF57-dependent α2 integrin induction conferred a prometastatic migratory advantage, which was attenuated by anti-α2 integrin antibody blockade. Furthermore, BAF57 was found to be markedly upregulated in human prostate cancer metastases of the lung, lymph node, and dura.The findings herein, identifying tumor-associated BAF57 perturbation as a means to bypass androgen-signaling events that facilitate novel prometastatic phenotypes, link BAF57 upregulation to tumor dissemination. These data thereby establish BAF57 as a putative marker of metastatic potential that could be leveraged for therapeutic intervention.
Use of Throat Cultures-Reply
Authors: Gerald A. Faich
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Our finding that most physicians start antimicrobial therapy for sore throats before culture results are known and often continue antimicrobial therapy even when culture results are negative is indeed disturbing, as pointed out by Drs Kangos and Grossman. We did not, however, conclude that pharyngitis cases should not be evaluated or that culture-confirmed<i>Streptococcus</i>infection should not be treated. While we agree that primary care physicians should reevaluate their strategy in the management of pharyngitis, it should be recognized that repeated admonitions<sup>1</sup>to obtain culture results before starting antimicrobial therapy have been largely unheeded. Our main conclusion is that public health programming should be reconsidered. Given existing treatment practice and the present low rate of acute rheumatic fever, one must ask if scarce public health resources expended on free throat cultures are achieving benefits commensurate with the costs. One possible implication of our study is that free
The Multiplicity of Thyroid Nodules and Carcinomas
Authors: Robert D. Utiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

About 5 percent of adults in the United States have palpable thyroid nodules. Most of these nodules are at least 2 cm in their longest dimension, and their frequency doesn't change much with age. Ultrasonography, unquestionably the most sensitive thyroid-imaging test, reveals smaller nodules in many more people, and the frequency of these nodules does increase with age. A thyroid nodule may represent any of a variety of entities (see diagram).1,2 Among the nodules that are evaluated by biopsy, about 95 percent are benign. Since there is selection for biopsy, mostly on the basis of size (the criterion is . . .
The altered expression of inflammation-related microRNAs with microRNA-155 expression correlates with Th17 differentiation in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Rui Yao, Yulan Ma, Youyou Du, Mengyang Liao, Huanhuan Li, Wei Liang, Jing Yuan, None ZhijunMa, Xian Yu, Hong Xiao, Yuhua Liao
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2011)
LOSS OF SENSE OF TASTE DUE TO METHYLTHIOURACIL THERAPY
Authors: Norman G. Schneeberg
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The thiouracil group of antithyroid drugs has received an extensive clinical trial in the past eight years, and their toxic effects have been amply documented. Loss of the sense of taste has been mentioned in only a single report.<sup>1</sup>One of the 16 patients treated with methylthiouracil by Leys complained of complete loss of taste while receiving a daily dose of 1.4 gm. Taste sensation gradually returned when the dose was reduced. We have recently observed complete loss of the sense of taste in two patients receiving methylthiouracil. Because of the rarity of this toxic effect and its benign nature, a brief report is appended. <h3>REPORT OF CASES</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 48-year-old woman was referred by an ophthalmologist because of marked lid retraction without measurable proptosis of the eyes and persistent periorbital edema. Her history was long and complex and only those portions pertinent to the present discussion will
Anion dependence of rabbit medullary collecting duct acidification.
Authors: D K Stone, D W Seldin, J P Kokko, H R Jacobson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Rabbit medullary collecting duct (MCD) acidification has been demonstrated to occur by means of a sodium-independent, aldosterone-stimulated mechanism. We have examined the anionic dependence of this process by means of the isolated perfused tubule technique. Total replacement of perfusate chloride with gluconate enhanced tubular bicarbonate reabsorption (JHCO3), from a basal rate of 10.7 +/- 1.0 pmol X mm-1 X min-1 to a rate of 15.01 +/- 1.0 pmol X mm-1 X min-1. Removal of bath chloride, with and without removal of perfusate chloride completely abolished acidification. Bath, but not luminal 4-acetamido-4' isothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic stilbene provoked a marked decrease in JHCO3 from 10.1 +/- 1.2 pmol X mm-1 X min-1 to 2.3 +/- 0.3 pmol X mm-1 X min-1. Measurement of chloride reabsorptive rate (JCl) revealed colinearity between JHCO3 (9.18 +/- 0.9 pmol X mm-1 X min-1) and JCl (9.75 +/- 1.18 pmol X mm-1 X min-1). We propose a model of mammalian distal nephron acidification in which (a) cellular base exit is effected by means of a basolateral membrane Cl-base exchanger and (b) net electroneutrality of electrogenic proton secretion is maintained by the parallel movement of an anionic species, functionally chloride.
Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji: a report of three cases and review of the literature
Authors: Y.K. TAY, K.C. TAN, W.K. WONG, B.H. ONG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji is a rare, distinctive entity featuring widespread erythematous, flat-topped papules, with a striking sparing of body folds (the so-called 'deck-chair' sign), and peripheral eosinophilia. We report three elderly men who showed the typical features of this disease, and who responded to corticosteroid therapy. Immunohistochemical studies with anti-S-100 and UCHL-1 (CD45 RO) antibodies indicated the presence of abundant dendritic cells and mature T cells in the dermis. In addition, one patient had concomitant tinea corporis. Treatment with griseofulvin alone resulted in clearing of the fungal infection and improvement of his papuloerythroderma, and, worsening of his papuloerythroderma occurred when the tinea relapsed.
Management of osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: K. L. Bennell, D. J. Hunter, R. S. Hinman
Journal: BMJ (2012)

#### Summary points

Osteoarthritis of the knee causes pain, limits activity, and impairs quality of life. Although it cannot be cured, advances in understanding and treatment have improved the outlook for people with this condition. This review will outline evidence for management and emphasise the importance of a patient centred multidisciplinary approach, conservative non-drug interventions, judicious use of drugs, and appropriate surgical referral.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We used recently published clinical guidelines for the management of osteoarthritis of the knee from the Osteoarthritis Research Society International, American College of Rheumatology, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, European League against Rheumatism, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, and the Ottawa Panel. We also searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (without time limits) and performed PubMed and Embase searches (January 2008 to March 2012) using the keywords “knee” and “osteoarthritis”. We selected high quality systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and large randomised controlled trials. When such studies were unavailable, we considered relevant small randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies.

Osteoarthritis is a painful chronic joint disease characterised by structural changes to the whole joint, …
Vitamin B12: an area of darkness.
Authors: D M Matthews, J C Linnell
Journal: BMJ (1979)

If a doctor prescribes  B12, as many still do, his patient may well receive cyanocobalamin, a compound admittedly effective in the commoner forms of B, ?-deficiency, but no more effective than hydroxocobalamin and possibly actually harmful in certafn conditions. This is because strictly vitamin B,., and cyanocobalamin remain synonymous. Ignorance and confusion about the several forms of vitamin B12 and their func tions are widespread, while most of the inborn errors of vitamin  metabolism that have now been described are unknown to many doctors, even to paediatricians. In short, the whole subject of vitamin  has become an area of darkness in the medical mind. The researches of the past ten years, described and sum marised at the Third European Symposium on Vitamin B,.. and Intrinsic Factor1 held in Zurich in March, have shown that this continuing confusion is quite unnecessary, and we have written this summary of present views in an attempt to reduce it. If the reader finds our account of interest and remembers at the end of it two facts (1) that hydroxocobalamin, not cyanoco balamin, is the form of vitamin B12 most suitable for therapeutic use and (2) that a normal serum (or plasma) B,2 value from a reliable laboratory does not guarantee that the patient is not  deficient, or indeed that his vitamin B l2 metabolism is not grossly disordered, we shall be well satisfied.
FLT3 internal tandem duplication in CD34+/CD33- precursors predicts poor outcome in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: J. A. Pollard, T. A. Alonzo, R. B. Gerbing, W. G. Woods, B. J. Lange, D. A. Sweetser, J. P. Radich, I. D. Bernstein, S. Meshinchi
Journal: Blood (2006)
Responsiveness to G-CSF before leukopenia predicts defense to infection in high-dose chemotherapy recipients
Authors: Christian Straka, Fuat Oduncu, Axel Hinke, Hermann Einsele, Evi Drexler, Brigitte Schnabel, Lubomir Arseniev, Jochem Walther, August König, Bertold Emmerich
Journal: Blood (2004)
Essays on the History of Medicine: Selected From the Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Under the editorship of Dr Saul Jarcho, the<i>Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine</i>has established itself as an important medium for the publication of medicohistorical studies. Now, Dr Jarcho has collected 34 essays, published in the last ten years, on a variety of topics. The range is vast, from "The Structure of Galen's Scientific Reasoning," through "Medieval Medical Malpractice," to "The Development of Psychiatry in New York City." We find essays on aspects of Cicero, Copernicus, Paré, and Crawford Long. Literature sociology, politics, law, and numismatics are represented in their relationship to medicine, while more technical aspects of medicine are abundantly described in historical perspective on one or another topic, such as paleopathology, epidemics, fecundity, serologic research. The whole table of contents reminds us how rich is medical history and how it interdigitates with virtually all other fields of knowledge. The list of contributors includes outstanding leaders
Eli Lilly encouraged patients to ask for a prescription only drug, says industry watchdog
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The drug company Eli Lilly has been found to have breached the UK industry’s code of practice by encouraging patients to ask for a prescription only drug.

The company, maker of tadalafil (marketed as Cialis), has been ruled to be in breach of the code of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, including bringing discredit on and reducing confidence in the industry and failing to maintain high standards.

The ruling says that Eli Lilly breached the code by encouraging patients, through a chart and action plan on a website and a leaflet, to ask their doctor for a specific prescription only drug.

One page of the website contained a table that listed the treatment types available for erectile dysfunction, says the ruling. 

The Prescription Medicines …
Angiotensin AT2 receptor: the younger sibling attracts attention
Authors: Elisabetta Cerbai, Alessandro Mugelli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

See article by Caballero et al. [6] (pages 86–95) in this issue .

Electrical remodeling is a crucial aspect of the general process of cardiac remodeling associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure [1], and it is thought to contribute to an increased risk of ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Angiotensin II has long been recognized as a major factor in cardiac remodeling in a variety of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases—from hypertension to diabetes [2]. Two receptor subtypes for angiotensin II have been identified in the heart, AT1 and AT2, which apparently share two features: the endogenous ligand and the gross molecular structure, belonging both to the seven transmembrane-domain receptor family [3]. Because of its well-documented action on myocyte hypertrophy, collagen deposition, aldosterone production, and many other functions, the AT1 receptor has long monopolized the attention of researchers [4]. Experimental observations have provided the rationale for development and clinical use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), with the aim of offering a better protection than angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) against angiotensin II by directly blocking AT1. Due to the activity of peptidases other than ACE (e.g., chymase) that convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ACE-I block less than 15% of the total production of angiotensin II in the heart.

The number of patients receiving ACE-I is … 

*Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-554271264; fax: +39-554271285. Email address: alessandro.mugelli{at}unifi.it
Drink to Children's Health
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Herpes zoster complicating myocardial infarction
Authors: M.E. BENAIM, D.R. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Herpes zoster complicating myocardial infarction Get access M.E. BENAIM, M.E. BENAIM Department of Cardiology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.R. SMITH D.R. SMITH Department of Cardiology, The General Infirmary, Leeds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 2, 1 August 1973, Pages 175–177, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb02954.x Published: 01 August 1973 Article history Accepted: 10 January 1973 Published: 01 August 1973
Audit of primary and secondary care as a source of patch test clinic referrals
Authors: S.R. Lamb, S.M. Wilkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Referral for patch testing is important in managing patients with eczema/dermatitis. These referrals come from many different sources.To assess the appropriateness of referrals from general practitioners (GPs) to a dedicated patch test clinic.Referral sources were recorded for patch testing in a dedicated contact dermatitis unit for a 4-month period between November 2002 and February 2003.Of 217 referrals reviewed, 45 (21%) were received from GPs. There was no significant difference in the percentages of positive patch test results and of relevant positive patch test results obtained from GP referrals compared with those received from other sources, including dermatology departmental referrals.Referrals from GPs, if selected appropriately, can be seen directly in the patch test clinic without prior assessment in a general dermatology clinic.