tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Kaposi's Sarcoma: A Text and Atlas
Authors: Neil A. Fenske
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The editors have obtained the written expertise of many highly regarded authorities on Kaposi's sarcoma and collated this information into a thorough yet readable text and atlas on this topic of ever-increasing importance, largely promulgated by its association with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Typical of textbooks edited by A. Bernard Ackerman, MD, the organization, content, and figures are stellar. The generous inclusion of more than 100 figures of high-quality clinical photographs, many of which are in color, seduces one to read the various legends and thus stimulates the desire to delve into the more didactic portions of the text. Indeed, it is the atlas portion of the book that elevates this text on Kaposi's sarcoma to a level above other comparable written works on this subject. There are 18 chapters and two appendixes in this 330-page textbook and atlas. The editors have organized the content in such a manner
Predicates as cantilevers for the bridge between perception and knowledge
Authors: Gregory V. Jones
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

The predicate-argument approach, focused on perception, is compared with the ease-of-predication (or predicability) approach, focused on encyclopedic knowledge. The latter offers functional prediction and implementation in connectionist models. However, the two approaches characterise predicates in different ways. They thus resemble predicational cantilevers built out from opposite sides of cognition, with a gap that is yet to be bridged.
Flow-Dependent Regulation of Krüppel-Like Factor 2 Is Mediated by MicroRNA-92a
Authors: Wei Wu, Han Xiao, Andrés Laguna-Fernandez, Guadalupe Villarreal, Kuei-Chun Wang, Greg G. Geary, Yuzhi Zhang, Wei-Chi Wang, Hsien-Da Huang, Jing Zhou, Yi-Shuan Li, Shu Chien, Guillermo Garcia-Cardena, John Y.-J. Shyy
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Upregulated by atheroprotective flow, the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is crucial for maintaining endothelial function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. We examined the role of miRNAs, particularly miR-92a, in the atheroprotective flow-regulated KLF2.Dicer knockdown increased the level of KLF2 mRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, suggesting that KLF2 is regulated by miRNA. In silico analysis predicted that miR-92a could bind to the 3' untranslated region of KLF2 mRNA. Overexpression of miR-92a decreased the expression of KLF2 and the KLF2-regulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase and thrombomodulin at mRNA and protein levels. A complementary finding is that miR-92a inhibitor increased the mRNA and protein expression of KLF2, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and thrombomodulin. Subsequent studies revealed that atheroprotective laminar flow downregulated the level of miR-92a precursor to induce KLF2, and the level of this flow-induced KLF2 was reduced by miR-92a precursor. Furthermore, miR-92a level was lower in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to the atheroprotective pulsatile shear flow than under atheroprone oscillatory shear flow. Anti-Ago1/2 immunoprecipitation coupled with real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that pulsatile shear flow decreased the functional targeting of miR-92a precursor/KLF2 mRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Consistent with these findings, mouse carotid arteries receiving miR-92a precursor exhibited impaired vasodilatory response to flow.Atheroprotective flow patterns decrease the level of miR-92a, which in turn increases KLF2 expression to maintain endothelial homeostasis.
Appetite Suppressants and Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Richard B. Devereux
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The populations of industrialized nations are becoming steadily more overweight as a result of changes in physical activity and diet. In recent years, concern about health and appearance has led ever-increasing numbers of people to use a wide variety of diets, dietary aids, and exercise regimens to lose weight. In this regard, the prospects of successfully losing weight with the help of appetite-suppressant medication appeared to improve with the publication in 1992 of reports showing the efficacy of fenfluramine and phentermine in combination1,2 and in 1996 with the approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of dexfenfluramine, the . . .
Fundamentals of Blood Coagulation in Clinical Medicine
Authors: Robert T. Breckenridge
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In the preface the author states that this book is not intended for the research worker in the field of blood coagulation, but for medical students, practicing physicians, and laboratory technicians. This aim is in general accomplished. The text is readable and not too complicated for the neophyte, and the illustrations of the various clotting tests should be most useful to the beginning laboratory technician. The author, attempting to simplify, has not covered in enough depth such clinical areas as hemophilia and thrombocytopenia. The overall usefulness of this work would have been markedly increased if these areas had been discussed in greater detail. The chapters on anticoagulation and the coagulation abnormalities during pregnancy represent the strongest part of the book. The section on the laboratory control of anticoagulant therapy is especially good, even for readers who do not share the author's enthusiasm for anticoagulation in myocardial infarction. In the appendix
Mutations in axonemal dynein assembly factor DNAAF3 cause primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Hannah M Mitchison, Miriam Schmidts, Niki T Loges, Judy Freshour, Athina Dritsoula, Rob A Hirst, Christopher O'Callaghan, Hannah Blau, Maha Al Dabbagh, Heike Olbrich, Philip L Beales, Toshiki Yagi, Huda Mussaffi, Eddie M K Chung, Heymut Omran, David R Mitchell
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Ambient Air Pollution and Preeclampsia: A Spatiotemporal Analysis
Authors: Payam Dadvand, Francesc Figueras, Xavier Basagaña, Rob Beelen, David Martinez, Marta Cirach, Anna Schembari, Gerard Hoek, Bert Brunekreef, Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Available evidence concerning the association between air pollution and preeclampsia is limited, and specific associations with early- and late-onset preeclampsia have not been assessed.Objectives: We investigated the association, if any, between preeclampsia (all, early-, and late-onset) and exposure to nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5; fine particles), ≤ 10 μm, and 2.5–10 μm, and PM2.5 light absorption (a proxy for elemental carbon) during the entire pregnancy and during the first, second, and third trimesters.Methods: This study was based on 8,398 pregnancies (including 103 cases of preeclampsia) among women residing in Barcelona, Spain (2000–2005). We applied a spatiotemporal exposure assessment framework using land use regression models to predict ambient pollutant levels during each week of pregnancy at the geocoded residence address of each woman at the time of birth. Logistic and conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted associations.Results: We found positive associations for most of our evaluated outcome–exposure pairs, with the strongest associations observed for preeclampsia and late-onset preeclampsia in relation to the third-trimester exposure to fine particulate pollutants, and for early-onset preeclampsia in relation to the first-trimester exposure to fine particulate pollutants. Among our investigated associations, those of first- and third-trimester exposures to PM2.5 and third-trimester exposure to PM2.5 absorbance and all preeclampsia, and third-trimester PM2.5 exposure and late-onset preeclampsia attained statistical significance.Conclusion: We observed increased risk of preeclampsia associated with exposure to fine particulate air pollution. Our findings, in combination with previous evidence suggesting distinct pathogenic mechanisms for early- and late-onset preeclampsia, support additional research on this topic.Citation: Dadvand P, Figueras F, Basagaña X, Beelen R, Martinez D, Cirach M, Schembari A, Hoek G, Brunekreef B, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. 2013. Ambient air pollution and preeclampsia: a spatiotemporal analysis. Environ Health Perspect 121:1365–1371; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206430
Diphtheria in an Infant
Authors: F. F. Kane
Journal: BMJ (1944)

Cranial Nerve Paralysis following Cerebrospinal FeverThe chief interest in the case described lies in the picking out of two different cranial nerves on opposite sides and the escape of closely adjacent nerves. CASE RECORDA coolie aged 20 was admitted to hospital at 5.30 p.m. on Dec. 19, 1943.He was semiconscious, 'extremely restless, and resistant to examination.A history of headache and fever of one day's duration was obtained from his companions.On examination the temperature was 102.6 F., there was marked nuchal rigidity, but Kernig's sign was absent.The pupils were equal and circular and reacted sluggishly to light; there was no strabismus.Heart and lungs and abdomen, nil abnormal.Urine, nil abnormal.Lumbar
Omenn's reticulosis associated with the nephrotic syndrome
Authors: M. RYBOJAD, S. CAMBIAGHI, I. MORAILLON, M.D. VIGNON-PENNAMEN, P. MOREL, V. BAUDOIN, C. LOIRAT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Omenn's reticulosis is an inherited severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by neonatal exfoliative erythroderma. A newborn baby who had minimal change nephrotic syndrome and Omenn's reticulosis is reported. Abnormalities in lymphocyte function could explain both the nephropathy and the cutaneous changes.
Reactivity of V beta 17a+ CD8+ T cell hybrids. Analysis using a new CD8+ T cell fusion partner.
Authors: H G Burgert, J White, H U Weltzien, P Marrack, J W Kappler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Tolerance to IE molecules leads to deletion of V beta 17a-bearing T cells. Both, the CD4+ as well as the CD8+ T cell subsets are affected. A large percentage of CD4+ V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids recognize IE molecules. We now have investigated the reactivity for IE antigens of CD8+ V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids. Using a transfection approach, we have introduced the murine CD8 molecule into different V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids. Furthermore, the CD8 cDNA was transfected into the BW5147 alpha-beta- fusion partner. This allowed us to generate a large number of V beta 17a+ T cell hybrids by fusion with the appropriate T cells. Only 6% of T cell hybrids were stimulated to produce IL-2 upon incubation with IE+ cells. However, in those, the CD8 molecule seemed not to contribute to the IE reactivity of the hybrid, since mAbs against the CD8 molecule failed to inhibit their reactivity. This low percentage of V beta 17a+ CD8+ IE-reactive T cell hybrids contrasts with the strong reduction of CD8+ V beta 17a+ T cells in IE+ mice, strongly suggesting that elimination of such cells in the thymus occurs when they are coexpressing CD4 and CD8. This view was confirmed by the occasional expression of CD4 in some hybrids in which case IE reactivity was detected. Furthermore, we demonstrated the functional integrity of the introduced CD8 molecule by: (a) reconstitution of the IL-2 response in a class I-restricted TNP-specific T cell hybrid; and (b) by generation of alloreactive class I-restricted T cell hybrids using the new CD8+ fusion cell line. This CD8+ fusion partner, BWLyt2-4, should prove useful to study antigen processing and antigen presentation requirements of class I-restricted T cells.
Cases Illustrating the Use of Perchloride of Iron to Arrest Post Partum Haemorrhage
Authors: C. Holman
Journal: BMJ (1874)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Sensorimotor adaptation, or the capacity to adapt movement to changes in the moving body or environment, is a form of motor learning that is important for functional independence (e.g., regaining stability after slips or trips). Aerobic exercise can acutely improve many forms of motor learning in healthy adults. It is not known, however, whether acute aerobic exercise has similar positive effects on sensorimotor adaptation in stroke survivors as it does in healthy individuals. <h3>Purpose</h3> The aim of this study was to determine whether acute aerobic exercise promotes sensorimotor adaptation in people post stroke. <h3>Methods</h3> A single-blinded crossover study. Participants attended two separate sessions at the university campus, completing an aerobic exercise intervention in one session and a resting control condition in the other session. Sensorimotor adaptation was assessed before and after each session. Participants were twenty people with chronic stroke. Intervention completed was treadmill exercise at mod-high intensity for 30 minutes. <h3>Results</h3> Results demonstrated that acute aerobic exercise in chronic stroke survivors significantly increased sensorimotor adaptation from pre to post treadmill intervention. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results indicate a potential role for aerobic exercise to promote the recovery of sensorimotor function in chronic stroke survivors.
HOSPITALS AND PREVENTION OF NEONATAL MORTALITY
Authors: Charles U. Letourneau
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Survival of the newborn is a matter of national importance. The discrepancy between our birth rate and that of some other nations makes it so. It is imperative that we make every effort to compensate for our low birth rate by keeping infant mortality at a minimum. Studies conducted by public health workers, research undertaken by physicians, new concepts in nursing techniques, and improvement in the design, equipment, and personnel of hospitals have all helped to prevent neonatal mortality, but much remains to be done. It has been said 1 that improved hospital care alone can reduce the annual death rate among premature infants by 20,000. This is a challenge that must be and has been accepted by hospitals. As community organizations, hospitals must bear a fair share of the task of prevention of neonatal deaths. Theoretically, hospitals provide the facilities to assist physicians and nurses in practicing their arts
LUNG FUNCTION STUDIES. VIII. ANALYSIS OF ALVEOLAR VENTILATION BY PULMONARY N2 CLEARANCE CURVES 12
Authors: Ward S. Fowler, E. R. Cornish, Seymour S. Kety
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1952)

A comprehensive analysis of pulmonary fuinction must include measurements of pulmonary ventilation, diffusion, and circulation. An accurate measurement of alveolar ventilation, independent of diffusion and circulation, is desirable. To date, no method has been wholly satisfactory (3). One approach has been by study of the time course of equilibration of alveolar gas with a foreign inspired gas, such as H2 (4), He (5-7) or pure 02 (8-15). A principal difficulty has been to differentiate between the effects of an enlarged respiratory dead space and of uneven alveolar ventilation, both of which can retard the completion of equilibration. The development by Lilly and Hervey of the N2 meter, for continuous analysis of N2 concentration of respired gas, permits an automatic breath-by-breath analysis of gas expired during and after the change from breathing air to uninterrupted breathing of 02. The ensuring progressive elimination of pulmonary N2 represents the process of equilibration with a N2-free gas, and may be analyzed in terms of alveolar ventilation. This paper presents the pulmonary N2 clearance curves obtained from healthy persons and patients with cardiorespiratory disease, and a method for analysis of these curves which yields a comprehensive picture of the volume and time characteristics of alveolar ventilation. The
Electroacupuncture for Control of Myeloablative Chemotherapy–Induced Emesis
Authors: Joannie Shen, Neil Wenger, John Glaspy, Ron D. Hays, Paul S. Albert, Christina Choi, Paul G. Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (2000)

IGH-DOSE, MULTIPLE-DAY, multiple-drug myeloablative chemotherapy poses substantial challenges to emesis control.The combination of chemotherapy agents is highly emetogenic; most patients have experienced emesis with multiple courses of prior chemotherapy; and patients may have received other medical care or medications and adjuncts that can contribute to emesis.During the last 2 decades, new effective antiemetic pharmacological agents have helped to improve control of chemotherapy-induced emesis.2][3] This constellation of factors makes the management of emesis difficult.A recent National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference report concluded that acupuncture was efficacious in reducing emesis associated with chemotherapy. 4However, it
P218 TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 3 STIMULATION OF HUMAN NON-PARENCHYMAL LIVER CELLS TRIGGERS AN ANTIVIRAL STATE AGAINST HCV WHICH IS NOT EXCLUSIVELY MEDIATED BY TYPE-I OR TYPE-III IFNS
Authors: M. Lutterbeck, R. Broering, K. Kleinehr, A. Paul, G. Gerken, J.F. Schlaak
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Federal government will not challenge state laws on marijuana
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The US federal government will not attempt to legally challenge state laws permitting recreational or medical marijuana use, the Department of Justice said this week.

Attorney General Eric Holder called the governors of Colorado and Washington and told them that federal authorities would not stand in their way as they implement last year’s ballot initiatives, which legalized recreational marijuana use and provided for state regulation and taxation.

Deputy …
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: DON W. CHAPMAN, JACK P. ABBOTT, JOSEPH LATSON
Journal: Circulation (1957)

A brief historical review of primary pulmonary arteriosclerosis and hypertension has been given. Ten additional cases with detailed laboratory, roentgenographic, electrocardiographic, cardiac catheterization, and angiocardiographic studies are presented. The findings on 4 necropsied cases are also included. Progressive exertional shortness of breath, syncope, left chest pain, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary arterial dilatation, combined with high right ventricular and pulmonary arterial pressure and normal pulmonary capillary pressure in the absence of pulmonary disease, should be extremely suggestive of primary pulmonary hypertension. An unrelenting downhill course of right ventricular failure is usually seen.
Effects of Marijuana Policy on Children and Adolescents
Authors: Sharon Levy
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Estrogens and Endometrial Cancer
Authors: William M. Christopherson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The SPECIAL COMMUNICATION entitled "Estrogens and Menopause" by Carol M. Proudfit, PhD (236:939, 1976), while timely, contains data that, if incorrect, could well have misled the author and resulted in erroneous conclusions in the final paragraph. The data that I question were attributed to Austin (reference 5). Since I am not privy to Austin's communication, I cannot tell if the difficulty lies in a typographical error, a misinterpretation, or a unique endometrial cancer problem in California. An incidence of invasive carcinoma of the uterus of 180/100,000 population as reported would not seem likely, even if cancer of the cervix were included. Although it is not entirely clear, I presume the author is referring to only carcinoma of the corpus. Even an incidence rate of 100/100,000 population, which is the rate from which endometrial cancer allegedly increased (1969 vs 1974), would appear to be from four to five times
Compartmentalized regulation of macrophage arachidonic acid metabolism.
Authors: A O Fels, N A Pawlowski, E L Abraham, Z A Cohn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

We show that downregulation of arachidonic acid (20:4) metabolism which occurs following i.p. injection of C. parvum can occur in a single, localized macrophage population, and is therefore unlikely to be mediated solely by a systemic factor.
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Supportive Cells for Hepatocytes
Authors: Alejandro Gómez-Aristizábal, Armand Keating, John E Davies
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Hepatocytes and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) appear to share many of the same requirements for their survival, functionality, and proliferation. This may be due to a shared location during fetal development. Moreover, hepatocytes and HSCs are unable to function, or even survive, without stromal cell support. Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) support the proliferation and functionality, not only of HSCs, but also of hepatocytes. Although knowledge of the mechanisms underlying HSCs' support is far more advanced than for hepatocytes, data suggest that many agents important for HSCs also maintain the normal hepatocyte phenotype in vitro. Thus, it is possible that new techniques for the maintenance and expansion of HSCs may also be useful for hepatocytes. Bone marrow–derived MSCs are easily cultured and expanded in vitro, and some data suggest that they are immunoregulatory as well as relatively nonimmunogenic. These observations suggest that allogeneic MSCs may be useful not only in supporting hepatocyte growth and proliferation but also in modulating immune responses such as stellate cell activation. Hepatocytes and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) appear to share many of the same requirements for their survival, functionality, and proliferation. This may be due to a shared location during fetal development. Moreover, hepatocytes and HSCs are unable to function, or even survive, without stromal cell support. Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) support the proliferation and functionality, not only of HSCs, but also of hepatocytes. Although knowledge of the mechanisms underlying HSCs' support is far more advanced than for hepatocytes, data suggest that many agents important for HSCs also maintain the normal hepatocyte phenotype in vitro. Thus, it is possible that new techniques for the maintenance and expansion of HSCs may also be useful for hepatocytes. Bone marrow–derived MSCs are easily cultured and expanded in vitro, and some data suggest that they are immunoregulatory as well as relatively nonimmunogenic. These observations suggest that allogeneic MSCs may be useful not only in supporting hepatocyte growth and proliferation but also in modulating immune responses such as stellate cell activation.
Glucose metabolism impacts the spatiotemporal onset and magnitude of HSC induction in vivo
Authors: James M. Harris, Virginie Esain, Gregory M. Frechette, Lauren J. Harris, Andrew G. Cox, Mauricio Cortes, Maija K. Garnaas, Kelli J. Carroll, Claire C. Cutting, Tahsin Khan, Philip M. Elks, Stephen A. Renshaw, Bryan C. Dickinson, Christopher J. Chang, Michael P. Murphy, Barry H. Paw, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Wolfram Goessling, Trista E. North
Journal: Blood (2013)