tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Coronary Artery Disease: Relation to Inducible Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Alfred E. Buxton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Background: Many physicians believe that electrocardiographic characteristics of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia correlate with the risk for sudden death in survivors of myocardial infarction. Sustained ventricular tachycardia induced by programmed electrical stimulation has also been shown to predict sudden death. *For a list of additional MUSTT investigators, see the Appendix. Objective: To determine whether electrocardiographic characteristics of spontaneous nonsustained ventricular tachycardia can predict the inducibility of sustained ventricular tachycardia by programmed electrical stimulation in patients with coronary artery disease having abnormal ventricular function. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: 70 clinical electrophysiology laboratories in the United States and Canada. Patients: 1480 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease, left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.40 or less, and asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Intervention: Electrophysiologic study attempting to induce sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Measurements: Daily frequency, duration, and cycle length of spontaneous episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, measured by standard electrocardiographic recordings. Results: No statistically significant difference in the frequency or duration of spontaneous nonsustained ventricular tachycardia was seen between patients with and those without inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia. Rates of spontaneous tachycardia were slightly slower in patients with inducible ventricular tachycardia than in patients without inducible ventricular tachycardia (P = 0.047), but the difference was not clinically significant. Conclusion: Electrocardiographic characteristics of spontaneous nonsustained ventricular tachycardia do not predict which patients with coronary artery disease will have inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia. Ann Intern.Med. 1996; 125:35-39.
FUNCTIONAL DISTURBANCES OF PSYCHOGENIC NATURE
Authors: FRANZ ALEXANDER
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Long experience has shown that it is by no means a popular task to give an address on psychoanalysis to a group of physicians. The reception of Professor Freud's first lecture in the Viennese Medical Society prescribed the attitude of the medical authorities for forty years. The causes of the resistance of medical circles against the concepts of psychoanalysis have been so often discussed that I do not wish to dwell on them again. On the other hand, I should like to win benevolent neutrality by calling attention to the chief historical and psychologic causes of the rejection of this branch of science in medical circles. After forty years' experience, the reasons for this rejection can be defined with considerable precision. If psychoanalysis had remained the modest therapeutic device by which Freud and the small group of his followers tried to influence hysterical symptoms forty years ago, the whole embittered
New surgical techniques ease incontinence
Authors: Tom Hager
Journal: JAMA (1983)

According to reports from the recent American Urological Society national meeting in Las Vegas, still-investigational methods of improving urinary sphincter function and of replacing the muscle should it fail look promising. Furthermore, there may be more to the sphincter than was previously thought. Several reports, for example, emphasized the growing value of the artificial sphincter in treating patients with spinal cord injuries as well as those requiring intermittent catheterization. The artificial sphincter consists of a silicone rubber cuff, a small pump, a balloon, and a stainless steel control assembly. When surgically implanted, the cuff is placed around the neck of the bladder (or some-times, in men, around the bulbous urethrae), the balloon is positioned in the prevesical space, and the pump is inserted under the skin either in the scrotum in males or the labia minora in women. When filled with fluid, the cuff cuts off the flow of urine
The affiliative playfulness and impulsivity of extraverts may not be dopaminergically mediated
Authors: Jaak Panksepp
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

A major dopaminergic role for extraversion is compromised by the fact that affiliation and impulsivity tend to be reduced by psychostimulants. Also, the large clinical literature on the treatment of ADHD with drugs that promote dopamine activity provides little or no support for a major role for dopamine in human extraversion. Dopamine facilitation of agency may be more evident for inanimate rather than animate rewards.
Chasing Polio in Pakistan: Why the World's Largest Public Health Initiative May Fail
Authors: Dennis Rosen
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE HEMOPHILIC BACILLI
Authors: Ernest G. Stillman, Janet M. Bourn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

1. The hemophilic bacilli can be divided into two large groups according to the ability of certain strains to produce hemolysis. 2. Both the hemolytic and the non-hemolytic groups may be further subdivided according to the ability of some strains to produce indole, to form gas, and to ferment certain carbohydrates. 3. The hemophilic bacilli of both the hemolytic and the non-hemolytic varieties when grown in meat infusion broth containing 1 per cent of dextrose reach a final hydrogen ion concentration of about pH 6.4. In addition, practically all the strains possess the power to reduce nitrates to nitrites.
Targeting Autophagy in <i>BRAF</i>-Mutant Tumors
Authors: Andrew Thorburn, Michael J. Morgan
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2015)

Abstract Summary: Recent studies have highlighted the opportunity to treat cancer by inhibiting autophagy, but have also raised important caveats with this idea. An article in this issue of Cancer Discovery adds to accumulating evidence suggesting that we should focus our efforts (at least initially) on specific tumors where we are most likely to see beneficial effects. Cancer Discov; 5(4); 353–4. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Xie et al., p. 410
Accuracy of a Local Surveillance System for Early Detection of Emerging Infectious Disease
Authors: S. G. Weber
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Medical Aspects of Supersonic Flight
Authors: Donald H. Stuhring
Journal: JAMA (1963)

AS THE RESULT of more than 10 years of international study it has been established that supersonic air transportation by the early 1970's is technically and economically feasible.1At that time the general flying public will take a substantial step forward on the road to eventual civil space flight.2Although no totally new medical problem areas are anticipated for supersonic flight, the speeds and altitudes envisioned do require a re-evaluation of the inherent operational and environmental hazards with particular emphasis on potential effects on crew, passengers, and the public at large. This report describes this advanced form of air travel and re-examines those areas currently of greatest clinical concern.  Configuration  The artist's conception of a representative supersonic jet configuration (top right) shows that characteristically, it has a long, narrow, pointed body and either a fixed, razor-thin, delta or a variablegeometry wing designed for both subsonic and supersonic operation.
New kids on the blog: new media and medicine
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

In the past clinical entries were short and illegible, because doctors’ handwriting is notoriously poor. This was explained by their being pressed for time, but for me it is because I could spell only the first three letters of most medical conditions so blurred the rest. Fountain pens were given as presents, adjustment made with whitening fluid, and final copies sent by post. But in the 1990s came word processors with spellcheckers, cut and paste, and infinite redrafting. This allowed me to start journalistic writing. And in 1995 I licked four envelopes to the leading magazines for general practitioners and posted my article idea—“Let me through”—of vaguely rude parodies of doctors (see box). By return of post I received four rude but amusing rebuffs. But I kept on writing because writing is therapy, and with the advent of email I could send the same article to multiple publications for rejection.

But the media are …
Polymers in contact with the body.
Authors: R N King, D J Lyman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

The clinical use of polymeric materials in the body to repair and restore damaged or diseased tissues and organs is substantially increasing on an annual basis. Concomitant with this use is an increase in materials related research on medically used polymers. Information on the historical and current clinical use of polymeric materials is provided in order to establish a basis for the philosophy and problems encountered in assessing the acceptability of various polymers in the biological system. The requisite properties which must be demonstrated by a polymer in contact with the body are discussed from two viewpoints, i.e., the effects of the material on the stability of the host and the effects of the host on the stability of the material. In addition, the effects of synthesis, processing, storage, sterilization, implantation, and possible degradation of polymers are discussed, poly(ethylene terephthalate) being used as an example.
Post-discharge surveillance (PDS) for surgical site infections: a good method is more important than a long duration
Authors: M B Koek, J C Wille, M R Isken, A Voss, B H van Benthem
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Post-discharge surveillance (PDS) for surgical site infections (SSIs) normally lasts 30 days, or one year after implant surgery, causing delayed feedback to healthcare professionals. We investigated the effect of shortened PDS durations on SSI incidence to determine whether shorter PDS durations are justified. We also studied the impact of two national PDS methods (those mandatory since 2009 (‘mandatory’) and other methods acceptable before 2009 (‘other’)) on SSI incidence. From Dutch surveillance (PREZIES) data (1999-2008), four implant-free surgeries (breast amputation, Caesarean section, laparoscopic cholecystectomy and colectomy) and two implant surgeries (knee replacement and total hip replacement) were selected. We studied the impact of PDS duration and method on SSI incidences by survival and Cox regression analyses. We included 105,607 operations. Shortened PDS duration for implant surgery from one year to 90 days resulted in 6–14% of all SSIs being missed. For implant-free procedures, PDS reduction from 30 to 21 days caused similar levels of missed SSIs. In contrast, up to 62% of SSIs (for cholecystectomy) were missed if other instead of mandatory PDS methods were used. Inferior methods of PDS, rather than shortened PDS durations, may lead to greater underestimation of SSI incidence. Our data validate international recommendations to limit the maximum PDS duration (for implant surgeries) to 90 days for surveillance purposes, as this provides robust insight into trends.
Targeted Reduction in Body Mass Index Is a Worthwhile Risk Reduction Strategy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Charles R. Thomas
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Wendy E. Barrington, PhD; Jeannette M. Schenk, PhD; Ruth Etzioni, PhD; Kathryn B. Arnold, MS; Marian L. Neuhouser, PhD; Ian M. Thompson Jr, MD; M. Scott Lucia, MD; Alan R. Kristal, DrPH
Synapse Loss and Microglial Activation Precede Tangles in a P301S Tauopathy Mouse Model
Authors: Yasumasa Yoshiyama, Makoto Higuchi, Bin Zhang, Shu-Ming Huang, Nobuhisa Iwata, Takaomi C. Saido, Jun Maeda, Tetsuya Suhara, John Q. Trojanowski, Virginia M.-Y. Lee
Journal: Neuron (2007)
1175 THE HEPATITIS C EPIDEMIC AMONG HIV-POSITIVE MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN: INCIDENCE ESTIMATES FROM 1990 TO 2007
Authors: J. van der Helm, M. Prins, J. del Amo, H. Bucher, G. Chêne, M. Dorrucci, J. Gill, O. Hamouda, M. Sannes, K. Porter, R. Geskus
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Reducing Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease
Authors: George D. Wendel, Donald J. McIntire, Kenneth J. Leveno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Schrag et al. (Jan. 6 issue)1 reported a striking 65 percent reduction in the rate of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infections in a population-based surveillance program...
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor does not induce long‐term DNA instability in healthy peripheral blood stem cell donors
Authors: Michael Y. Shapira, Pavel Kaspler, Simcha Samuel, Shmuel Shoshan, Reuven Or
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract To establish the safety of using G‐CSF in healthy PBSC donors, we prospectively determined the degree of DNA destabilization in peripheral blood WBC. Donors were treated with SC G‐CSF for 5 days. A baseline sample of peripheral blood was collected before G‐CSF treatment and consecutive samples were collected on day 5, 1 month, and 2 months after treatment. The extent of double‐stranded DNA relaxation and de novo synthesis of DNA was determined in each sample. We found that both parameters of DNA destabilization were significantly increased after 5 days of G‐CSF and returned to baseline level at 1 and 2 months. We assume that these findings suggest that rhG‐CSF administration to healthy PBSCT donors for 5 days may be a safe procedure. Am. J. Hematol. 73:33–36, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ocular retardation mouse caused by Chx10 homeobox null allele: impaired retinal progenitor proliferation and bipolar cell differentiation
Authors: Margit Burmeister, Jakub Novak, Mei-Ying Liang, Sharmila Basu, Lynda Ploder, Norman L. Hawes, Danka Vidgen, Frank Hoover, Daniel Goldman, Vitauts I. Kalnins, Thomas H. Roderick, Benjamin A. Taylor, Mark H. Hankin, Roderick R. Mclnnes
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Regional Anesthesia by the Intravenous Route
Authors: William Hamilton Harris
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Experience using three local anesthetic agents (lidocaine hydrochloride, chloroprocaine hydrochloride, and prilocaine) intravenously in producing regional anesthesia in extremities isolated from the systemic circulation by a tourniquet is compared. Chloroprocaine produced thrombophlebitis in 4 of 51 patients. Although prilocaine produced excellent anesthesia, its use should be reserved for clinical trials until further data are available concerning the production of methemoglobinemia. Taking both effectiveness and safety into account, lidocaine appears to be the drug of choice at this time. In our experience, and from the reports in the literature, 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine hydrochloride is preferable to 3 mg/kg. This dose resulted in good or excellent regional anesthesia in 60 of 66 patients when injected after a 20-minute period of ischemia had been effected by the use of an arterial tourniquet.
Metabolic Profiling of CSF: Evidence That Early Intervention May Impact on Disease Progression and Outcome in Schizophrenia
Authors: Elaine Holmes, Tsz M Tsang, Jeffrey T.-J Huang, F. Markus Leweke, Dagmar Koethe, Christoph W Gerth, Brit M Nolden, Sonja Gross, Daniela Schreiber, Jeremy K Nicholson, Sabine Bahn
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Background The identification of schizophrenia biomarkers is a crucial step towards improving current diagnosis, developing new presymptomatic treatments, identifying high-risk individuals and disease subgroups, and assessing the efficacy of preventative interventions at a rate that is not currently possible. Methods and Findings 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with computerized pattern recognition analysis were employed to investigate metabolic profiles of a total of 152 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from drug-naïve or minimally treated patients with first-onset paranoid schizophrenia (referred to as “schizophrenia” in the following text) and healthy controls. Partial least square discriminant analysis showed a highly significant separation of patients with first-onset schizophrenia away from healthy controls. Short-term treatment with antipsychotic medication resulted in a normalization of the disease signature in over half the patients, well before overt clinical improvement. No normalization was observed in patients in which treatment had not been initiated at first presentation, providing the first molecular evidence for the importance of early intervention for psychotic disorders. Furthermore, the alterations identified in drug-naïve patients could be validated in a test sample set achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 85%, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest brain-specific alterations in glucoregulatory processes in the CSF of drug-naïve patients with first-onset schizophrenia, implying that these abnormalities are intrinsic to the disease, rather than a side effect of antipsychotic medication. Short-term treatment with atypical antipsychotic medication resulted in a normalization of the CSF disease signature in half the patients well before a clinical improvement would be expected. Furthermore, our results suggest that the initiation of antipsychotic treatment during a first psychotic episode may influence treatment response and/or outcome.
THE NATURE OF THE PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE VASOMOTOR SYSTEM
Authors: Myron Prinzmetal, Clifford Wilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1936)

From the physiological point of view elevation of blood pressure may be due to an increase in cardiac output, in the volume or viscosity of the blood or in the resistance of the peripheral vessels.Since cardiac output is not increased in hypertension (1, 2, 3) and the viscosity (4) and volume (5) of the circulating blood have been shown to be normal, there remains only the increased re- sistance in the peripheral circulation.From an analysis of the literature it appears that investigations on the exact nature of this increase in peripheral resistance are compara- tively few in number and have led to conflicting results.It is the purpose of this paper.to deal with the following questions.A. Is the increased peripheral resistance gen- eralized throughout the systemic circulation or confined to the splanchnic area?B. To what extent are the vessels responsible for the increased peripheral resistance capable of dilatation ?C. What part is played by the vasomotor nerves in the maintenance of the increased peripheral resistance; i.e. if arterial hypertonus is present can it be attributed to an increase in sympathetic vasoconstrictor impulses?We have attempted to answer these questions by studies on the blood flow in the arm under various conditions, using the arm plethysmograph as described by Lewis and Grant (6), and to determine whether the nature and distribution of the increased resistance is the same in the different forms of hypertension, which have been desig- nated benign, malignant and secondary (" renal") hypertension.
Profiling Self-Monitored Blood Glucose Results with the Personal Microcomputer
Authors: Dania E Wilson, Dana H Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Personal microcomputers are becoming available to millions of individuals. Inevitably this new technology will be applied in a variety of ways to the routine management of diabetes. In this article we present the results of a pilot effort which shows that large cumbersome sets of blood glucose data, obtained by conventional self-monitoring techniques, can be stored, analyzed, and displayed conveniently with a home microcomputer. This technique has potential value for the identification of long-term trends in blood glucose regulation.
Club Practice in New Zealand.
Authors: P. M. Keller
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Whangarie, New Zealand, July 7, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a recent issue ofThe JournalI noticed remarks on club practice. Permit me, as one who has passed through the experience, to express myself. I am now in a country in which there are many of these friendly societies. They are in some respects a very good thing for the workingman, and can even provide for an old age pension. In Auckland there are about 3,000 lodge members; many of these are married and have children; every child under the age of 18 comes on the physician's list. Take, for example, a man 31 years of age who joins the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows; he pays £3 10s. ($17.50) per year; this covers all fees; 6 shillings ($1.50) goes to the chemist. 14 shillings ($3.50) goes to the doctor. The first fee of £3 10s. ($17.50) also acts