tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient Consent for Publication
Authors: Michael Kirsch
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Contrasting views were recently published<sup>1,2</sup>that differed on the ethical necessity of requiring identifiable patients to provide informed consent prior to publication. The 2 commentators were discussing the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Uniform Requirements,<sup>3</sup>which state: "Identifying information should not be published... unless the patient gives written informed consent for publication." Dr Snider agreed that obtaining informed consent from identifiable patients is desirable, but he is concerned that rigid adherence to the ICMJE Uniform Requirements will stifle the timely dissemination of important public health information.<sup>1</sup>He believes that the ICMJE statement is confining and problematic, as it fails to consider sufficiently the rights of the community at large. Dr Clever disagrees and advocates strict compliance with the ICMJE policy, arguing that the individual patient's right to privacy nearly always outweighs the rights of the general public.<sup>2</sup> The premise of the
Prevalence, frequency, and duration of hypnotic drug use among the elderly living at home
Authors: K. Morgan, H. Dallosso, S. Ebrahim, T. Arie, P. H Fentem
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Details of consumption of hypnotic drugs derived from a nationally representative sample of elderly people were analysed in terms of the prevalence, duration, and likely frequency of use. Of 1020 randomly selected subjects aged 65 and over 16% (166) reported using (mainly benzodiazepine) hypnotic drugs, and of these 89% reported having taken such a drug the night before the interview. Most of these users (73%) had been taking hypnotic drugs for more than one year, with 25% reporting drug use for more than 10 years. These results suggest that for most elderly users of hypnotic drugs, patterns of consumption encourage the development of cumulative effects and benzodiazepine dependence.
Left ventricular volume and function during relief of cardiac tamponade in man.
Authors: R Grose, M Greenberg, R Steingart, M V Cohen
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To determine the causes of cardiac failure during cardiac tamponade in man, we studied left ventricular volume and function in eight patients during pericardiocentesis using gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. In the seven patients with clinical and hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade, end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes increased progressively as the initial 500 ml of fluid were removed; the most marked increase occurred during the removal of the first 200 ml of pericardial fluid. After removal of 500 ml of pericardial fluid, end-diastolic volume increased from 52 +/- 8 ml to 111 +/- 13 ml (p less than 0.05) and end-systolic volume from 17 +/- 5 ml to 34 +/- 7 ml (p less than 0.05). Additional aspiration of fluid resulted in no further changes in left ventricular volume. The ejection fraction averaged 70% before removal of fluid and was unchanged by pericardiocentesis. In the one patient who did not have hemodynamic evidence of tamponade, there were only minor changes in left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. These data suggest that pump function of the left ventricle is well preserved in cardiac tamponade, and that the diminution in stroke volume and consequent cardiovascular collapse seen in tamponade are due to marked underfilling of the ventricle.
Improved cardiac gene transfer by transcriptional and transductional targeting of adeno-associated viral vectors
Authors: O MULLER, B LEUCHS, S PLEGER, D GRIMM, W FRANZ, H KATUS, J KLEINSCHMIDT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Vectors based on recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (AAV-2) are a promising tool for cardiac gene transfer. However, potential therapeutic applications need to consider the predominant transduction of the liver once AAV-2 vectors enter the systemic circulation. We therefore aimed to increase efficiency and specificity of cardiac vector delivery by combining transcriptional and cell surface targeting.For analysis of transcriptional targeting, recombinant AAV vectors were generated harboring a luciferase reporter gene under control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter or the 1.5-kb cardiac myosin light chain promoter fused to the CMV immediate-early enhancer (CMV(enh)/MLC1.5). Luciferase activities were determined in representative organs three weeks after intravenous injection of the vector into adult mice. Transductional targeting was studied using luciferase-reporter constructs crosspackaged into capsids of AAV serotypes 1 to 6 and modified AAV-2 capsids devoid of binding their primary receptor heparan sulfate proteoglycan.Intravenous injections of AAV-2 vectors harboring the CMV(enh)/MLC1.5 promoter enabled a specific and 50-fold higher reporter gene expression in left ventricular myocardium of adult mice compared to vectors containing the CMV promoter. Comparison of AAV-2 vector genomes crosspackaged into capsids of AAV-1 to -6 showed that AAV-1, -4, -5, and -6 capsids increased cardiac transduction efficiency by about 10-fold. However, transduction of other organs such as the liver was also increased after systemic administration. In contrast, AAV-2-based vectors with ablated binding to their primary receptor heparan sulfate proteoglycan enabled a significantly increased efficiency of cardiac gene transfer and reduced transduction of the liver.Combining transcriptional targeting by the CMV(enh)/MLC1.5 promoter and AAV vectors devoid of binding the AAV-2 primary receptor results in an efficient cardiac gene transfer with a significantly reduced hepatic transduction.
Twelfth International Congress of Medicine.
Authors: F. Rein
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Moscow, Russia, Oct. 10, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you kindly insert in an early issue of your esteemed journal the following notice: <h3>From the Surgical Section of the Twelfth International Medical Congress in Moscow.</h3> —Acting upon the advice of Dr. E. Browitz (Königsberg), the Surgical Section of the Twelfth International Medical Congress has decided, in view of the approaching Congress, to collect international statistics on narcotizations for the current year (1896). For this purpose the managers of the said Section apply to all their colleagues and earnestly request them to give answers to the following questions: Number of narcoses from Jan. 1, 1896, to Jan. 1, 1897? What narcotics were administered? Number of fatal cases? The Secretary of the Surgical Section, F. Rein, Malaja Dmitrowka, house Scheschkov, Moscow, Russia, will be glad to receive such information, and, if possible, not later than July 1, 1897.
Early-onset monocyte–B–natural killer–dendritic cells’ deficiency successfully treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Caterina Cancrini, Alessia Scarselli, Samantha Scaramuzza, Maria Chiriaco, Silvia Di Cesare, Gigliola Di Matteo, Maria Luisa Romiti, Paolo Palma, Lidia De Felice, Giuseppe Palumbo, Rita Maria Pinto, Rita De Vito, Luigi Racioppi, Susanna Livadiotti, Alain Fischer, Paolo Rossi, Maurizio Caniglia, Alessandro Aiuti
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Surgery at the Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Lambarene, Gabon
Authors: Robert M. Goldwyn, Richard L. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE history of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Lambaréné, Gabon, Africa, has been extensively described by its founder1 2 3 4 and by others.5 , 6 Located on the banks of the Ogowe River, 45 miles south of the equator, this hospital has about 350 patients, housed in sixteen corrugated-roofed, barrack-type dwellings. Half a mile away, 170 lepers dwell in additional units built from the Nobel Peace Prize money given in 1953 to Dr. Schweitzer. Because patients are usually accompanied by their families, who nurse them, cook for them and participate in the daily hospital work, this jungle clinic has many unique aspects. The purpose . . .
Amputation and Mortality in New-Onset Diabetic Foot Ulcers Stratified by Etiology
Authors: Dean Thomas Williams, Patricia Price, Keith G. Harding
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We have read the article by Moulik, Mtonga, and Gill (1) with much interest. Their findings are that increased mortality associated with foot ulceration is not influenced by underlying risk factors, namely peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease, and that it is only influenced by the age of the patient at presentation. There are points in this study regarding the method, the presentation of outcomes data, and the conclusion that we would like to highlight, and we would be …
New approach to surgical care aims to improve recovery and reduce length of hospital stay
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A new approach to major surgery is being introduced in two London hospital trusts, with the potential to reduce significantly the length of time patients stay in hospital. The approach combines better preoperative assessment, intraoperative monitoring, and postoperative recovery.

The enhanced surgical treatment and recovery programme (ESTREP) combines preoperative and postoperative aspects of other programmes that have previously been shown to improve the outcomes of surgery with an additional element of specialist anaesthetic monitoring and care during operations. 

It has been developed by colorectal surgeons at University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, which will extend it to all colorectal surgery from next week, and from Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, which has been using the programme for all patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery over the past six months. The results are being audited and the surgeons hope to publish their findings later in the year.

Andrew Williams, a consultant colorectal and general surgeon at Guy's and St Thomas' and one of …
Safety baseballs reduce ventricular fibrillation and EKG changes in a biological model of commotio cordis, sudden death from low energy chest wall impact
Authors: M.S. Link, P.J. Wang, N. Pandian, M.Y. Lee, B. Vanderbrink, E. Avelar, B.J. Maron, N.A.M. Estes
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Unusual Migration of a Piece of Pacemaker Electrode
Authors: Naip Tuna, Demetre M. Nicoloff, Erick Reeber
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Removal of transvenous pacemaker electrodes from the right ventricle is, in general, a simple procedure. Sometimes the electrode cannot be extracted completely, and part of it is left in the vein after having been transfixed with sutures. Complications related to the piece of electrode left in the vein are rare. We report a case where a piece of electrode left in the right subclavian vein migrated to the left popliteal area. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An 84-year-old farmer with complete heart block had a demand pacemaker with transvenous electrode inserted on Dec 1, 1967. He was readmitted to the hospital on Sept 7, 1968, because of pressure necrosis of the skin overlying the pacemaker and infection of the pacemaker pocket. The pacemaker powerpack was removed and the purulent pocket was drained on Sept 11, 1968. A new pacemaker was implanted a week later on the left. At
Influenza Immunization of Adult Patients with Malignant Diseases
Authors: DAVID W. ORTBALS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

To characterize the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in patients with malignant disease, 21 patients with lymphoreticular neoplasms and 21 patients with solid tumors were immunized with inactivated influenza A/New Jersey/76 whole virus vaccine. The patients were randomized with respect to time of vaccine administration in relation to administration of chemotherapy. Fourfold or greater antibody titer increases occurred in 94% of controls and 71% of cancer patients (P < 0.05), and the magnitude of antibody response was also significantly lower in cancer patients (P < 0.01). There was no correlation of antibody responsiveness with sex, age, tumor type, absolute lymphocyte count, disease status, or type of chemotherapeutic agent used. Fifty percent of patients immunized at the time of chemotherapy administration showed seroconversion, which is significantly less than the 93% response rate observed in patients immunized between chemotherapy courses. It is thus recommended that individuals with malignant disease should receive influenza immunization between chemotherapy courses.
A chemotactic gradient sequestered on endothelial heparan sulfate induces directional intraluminal crawling of neutrophils
Authors: Sara Massena, Gustaf Christoffersson, Elina Hjertström, Eyal Zcharia, Israel Vlodavsky, Nora Ausmees, Charlotte Rolny, Jin-Ping Li, Mia Phillipson
Journal: Blood (2010)
WITHDRAWN: Recurrence prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation by ischemia time and tumor characteristics
Authors: Shunji Nagai, Marcelo Facciuto, Shozo Mori, Mizuki Ninomiya, Juan P. Rocca, Alan Contreras-Saldivar, Myron E. Schwartz, Sander S. Florman
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Diagnostic values of clinical diagnostic tests in subacromial impingement syndrome
Authors: Mustafa Çalış, Kenan Akgün, Murat Birtane, Ilhan Karacan, Havva Çalış, Fikret Tüzün
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is a frequent cause of shoulder pain. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic values of clinical diagnostic tests, in patients with SIS.72 female, 48 male patients with shoulder pain were included in the study. Five had bilateral shoulder pain, so 125 painful shoulders were evaluated. Details were recorded about the patients' ages and sexes, as well as characteristics of pain and related problems. Detailed physical examination and routine laboratory tests were performed. Conventional radiography and subsequent magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder region of all patients were performed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the results of subacromial injection test, a reference standard test for SIS. Test positive patients constituted SIS group and test negative patients the non-SIS group. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of some clinical diagnostic tests such as Neer, Hawkins, horizontal adduction, painful arc, drop arm, Yergason and Speed tests for SIS were determined by using 2 x 2 table.The most sensitive diagnostic tests were found to be Hawkins test (92.1%), Neer test (88.7%) and horizontal adduction test (82.0%). Tests with highest specificity were drop arm test (97.2%), Yergason test (86.1%) and painful arc test (80.5%) consecutively.The highly sensitive tests seem to have low specificity values and the highly specific ones to have low sensitivity values. Although this finding suggests that these diagnostic tests are insufficient for certain diagnosis, it is suggested they play an important part in clinical evaluation.
Analysis of expressed SNPs identifies variable extents of expression from the human inactive X chromosome
Authors: Allison M Cotton, Bing Ge, Nicholas Light, Veronique Adoue, Tomi Pastinen, Carolyn J Brown
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract Background X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) results in the silencing of most genes on one X chromosome, yielding mono-allelic expression in individual cells. However, random XCI results in expression of both alleles in most females. Allelic imbalances have been used genome-wide to detect mono-allelically expressed genes. Analysis of X-linked allelic imbalance in females with skewed XCI offers the opportunity to identify genes that escape XCI with bi-allelic expression in contrast to those with mono-allelic expression and which are therefore subject to XCI. Results We determine XCI status for 409 genes, all of which have at least five informative females in our dataset. The majority of genes are subject to XCI and genes that escape from XCI show a continuum of expression from the inactive X. Inactive X expression corresponds to differences in the level of histone modification detected by allelic imbalance after chromatin immunoprecipitation. Differences in XCI between populations and between cell lines derived from different tissues are observed. Conclusions We demonstrate that allelic imbalance can be used to determine an inactivation status for X-linked genes, even without completely non-random XCI. There is a range of expression from the inactive X. Genes escaping XCI, including those that do so in only a subset of females, cluster together, demonstrating that XCI and location on the X chromosome are related. In addition to revealing mechanisms involved in cis -gene regulation, determining which genes escape XCI can expand our understanding of the contributions of X-linked genes to sexual dimorphism.
The Promise of New Rotavirus Vaccines
Authors: Roger I. Glass, Umesh D. Parashar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Rotavirus disease kills approximately half a million children annually in developing countries and accounts for one third of hospitalizations for diarrhea worldwide.1 In 1999, global efforts to control the tremendous health burden of gastroenteritis suffered an abrupt and unanticipated setback. The first licensed rotavirus vaccine (RotaShield) was withdrawn from the U.S. market less than a year after its introduction because it was associated with an uncommon but potentially life-threatening adverse event, intussusception, at an estimated rate of 1 incident per 10,000 vaccine recipients.2 (Figure) Debate ensued over the possible use of this vaccine in developing countries, where the health . . .
Serum concentrations of sex hormone binding globulin in lung cancer
Authors: M J Diver, L J Hipkin, J C Davis
Journal: BMJ (1986)

<h3>Background/aims</h3> To determine whether the development of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is increased among patients newly diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in a large general population. <h3>Methods</h3> A 12-year nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study including 1 025 340 beneficiaries in the 2002–2013 Korean National Health Insurance Service database was performed. We identified 919 patients newly diagnosed with OSA aged ≥40 years and matched 9190 non-OSA controls using estimated propensity scores in reference to age, sex, demographics, comorbidities and co-medications. We applied Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models to determine the risk of developing NAION in the OSA group compared with the non-OSA group. <h3>Results</h3> The 10-year incidence probability of NAION was higher in the OSA group (0.92%; 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97) than the non-OSA group (0.42%; 95% CI 0.41 to 0.44, p=0.002, log-rank test). The OSA group was at increased risk of developing NAION compared with the non-OSA group (HR 3.80; 95% CI 1.46 to 9.90) after adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and co-medications. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results suggest that patients with newly diagnosed OSA have an increased risk of NAION, although the absolute risk of NAION is low.
The natural history of trifascicular disease following permanent pacemaker implantation. Significance of continuing changes in atrioventricular conduction.
Authors: E Lichstein, C Ribas-Meneclier, D Naik, K D Chadda, P K Gupta, H Smith
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Seventy-two patients with trifasicular disease were followed for an average of 40 months following permanent pacemaker insertion. The indications for pacemaker insertion were either electrocardiographic evidence of complete heart block with a wide QRS escape complex or a pattern of bifasicular block with either periods of Mobitz type II atrioventricular (A-V) block or a documented history of syncope. The patients were then divided into three groups depending on subsequent change in A-V conduction. There were 31 (43%) patients with no change in A-V conduction, 17 (24%) with increasing A-V block, and 24 (33%) with decreasing A-V block. The characteristics of these three groups, including age and sex distribution, were compared and found to be similar. The incidence of previous transmural myocardial infarction as determined by electrocardiographic criteria was higher in the group with decreasing block. Survival curves showed a significantly decreased probablity of surviving for those with decreasing block compared to both those with increasing block and those with no charge in conduction (P less than 0.03). We conclude that the probability of long-term survival was less in the group with decreasing block. This finding may be related to the greater prevalence of coronary heart disease in the patients.
Accumulation of Tc-99m-DTPA in Uterine Myoma
Authors: SHANTILAL LUNIA, CHANDRAKANTA LUNIA, PHILIP K. PHILIP, AMANDO A. TIU, ROBERT B. CHODOS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

A case is presented in which concentration of Tc-99miron ascorbate-DTPA has been demonstrated in a benign leiomyoma of the uterus. Increased vascularity in the tumor might be the cause of the Tc-99m-DTPA uptake
Melaena Complicating Congenital Pyloric Stenosis
Authors: H. C. Fletcher-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA MEDICTIAL1065 test was too painful to carry out properly.Palpation confirmed that the swelling extended from the symphysis to the umbilicus, and from the midline to the right as far as the linea semilunaris.The shape was oval, with the large diameter in the vertical axis.The swelling was smooth, firm, and tense, without impulse, extremely tender, and did not move with respiration.Percussion of Lhe swelling gave a dull note.Rectal and vaginal examinations and urinalysis were negative.
567. Adeno-Associated Virus Vector 8 (AAV8) Provides Efficient Gene Delivery to Skeletal Muscles In Utero by Systemic Adminstration
Authors: Bhanu Munil Koppanati, Juan Li, Bing Wang, Xiao Xiao, Paula Ruth Clemens
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Adenoviral-associated viral vectors (AAV) have developed as excellent gene delivery vehicles to various tissues. Recently newer AAV serotypes have been characterized and they demonstrate varying transduction efficiencies in different tissues. Our laboratory is specifically interested in exploiting AAV serotypes that transduce skeletal muscle from a systemic gene delivery. We have previously shown that in utero gene delivery with AAV1 and AAV2 only transduce skeletal muscle when delivered as a direct intramuscular injection in the fetal pup. Recent studies in post-natal mice demonstrate efficient transduction of skeletal muscle after systemic delivery of AAV8. We were therefore interested whether intraperitoneal administration of AAV8 in embryonic day 16 CD1 mice could provide transgene expression in striated muscle. We pursued a biodistribution study of AAV8 in mice at 9 weeks of age that have received AAV8 by intraperitoneal administration at embryonic day 16 in utero. Gene expression was observed by histology and quantitative β-galactosidase assay in skeletal muscles, intercostal muscles and diaphragm of intraperitoneally injected pups. Our results support the potential of AAV8 as an efficient vector for crossing the blood vessel barrier to attain systemic gene transfer to skeletal muscle in utero. Furthermore, our data encourage us to pursue studies of AAV8 gene delivery of microdystrophin into the mdx (dystrophin-deficient) mouse model in utero.
CHOP Chemotherapy plus Rituximab Compared with CHOP Alone in Elderly Patients with Diffuse Large-B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Bertrand Coiffier, Eric Lepage, Josette Brière, Raoul Herbrecht, Hervé Tilly, Reda Bouabdallah, Pierre Morel, Eric Van Den Neste, Gilles Salles, Philippe Gaulard, Felix Reyes, Pierre Lederlin, Christian Gisselbrecht
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The standard treatment for patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP). Rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody against the CD20 B-cell antigen, has therapeutic activity in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. We conducted a randomized trial to compare CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma.