tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary Rate Variation at Multiple Levels of Biological Organization in Plant Mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Daniel B. Sloan, Camille M. Barr, Matthew S. Olson, Stephen R. Keller, Douglas R. Taylor
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

We examined patterns of mitochondrial polymorphism and divergence in the angiosperm genus Silene and found substantial variation in evolutionary rates among species and among lineages within species. Moreover, we found corresponding differences in the amount of polymorphism within species. We argue that, along with our earlier findings of rate variation among genes, these patterns of rate heterogeneity at multiple phylogenetic scales are most likely explained by differences in underlying mutation rates. In contrast, no rate variation was detected in nuclear or chloroplast loci. We conclude that mutation rate heterogeneity is a characteristic of plant mitochondrial sequence evolution at multiple biological scales and may be a crucial determinant of how much polymorphism is maintained within species. These dramatic patterns of variation raise intriguing questions about the mechanisms driving and maintaining mutation rate heterogeneity in plant mitochondrial genomes. Additionally, they should alter our interpretation of many common phylogenetic and population genetic analyses.
Website captures people's experiences of clinical trials
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The reasons why some people choose to take part in clinical trials and what they make of the experience have been captured on a new section of Healthtalkonline, the website run by the charity DIPEx (www.healthtalkonline.org).

Over 40 people from a wide range of backgrounds across the United Kingdom were interviewed and filmed for the new section, which can be found on the website under the heading “Medical research.” …
Early oncocytic adenocarcinoma of the transverse colon
Authors: D. Fukuda, H. Ikematsu, M. Kojima, Y. Oono, T. Kojima, K. Minashi, T. Yano, A. Ochiai, K. Kaneko
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 69-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain. At colonoscopy, a depressed lesion with a central raised nodule, approximately 10 mm in size, was identified in the transverse colon. Under magnifying narrow-band imaging, the lesion revealed a type IIIB capillary pattern (capillary pattern classification [1]), and a type VI pit pattern (Kudo’s classification [2]) was detected under magnifying chromoendoscopy using 0.05 % crystal violet staining ([Fig. 1]).
Blood glutathione detects metabolic patterns associated with atherothrombotic vascular events in patients with mild hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Oberdan Parodi, Emmanuela Devoto, Jonica Campolo, Guido Parodi, Marina Parolini, Raffaele Caruso, Claudio Brunelli, Roberto Accinni, Giuliana Cighetti, Francesco Baudo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Coronary Angioplasty Procedure Volume and Major Complications
Authors: Kathryn A. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The article by Dr Kimmel and colleagues 1 provides important information on the relationship between percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) procedure volume and major complications. However, it is important to clarify the comparison the authors made with our study of PTCA patients in California. 2 Based on an earlier publication of our results that reports only the descriptive unadjusted association between PTCA volumes and outcomes, the authors correctly state that our study did not adjust for demographic and clinical factors. However, a later article, published in May 1995, 3 provides multivariate-adjusted results along with detailed analyses. The hospital discharge data used in our study did not include the range of clinical variables available to Kimmel and colleagues. Nonetheless, our findings 3 are quite similar to those of Kimmel and colleagues, although some differences do persist.  We found, as did Kimmel and colleagues, that adverse outcomes (coronary artery
912 PROGRESSIVE DECLINE OF HBsAg TITERS IN LONG- TERM VIROLOGICAL RESPONDERS TO NUCLEOS(T)IDE ANALOGUE THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: M. Iavarone, P. Lampertico, M. Vigano, F. Facchetti, G. Lunghi, S. Melotti, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Impact of preventive strategies on trend of occupational skin disease in hairdressers: population based register study
Authors: H. Dickel
Journal: BMJ (2002)

was the outcome known, and this represented a small amount of the data.All of these factors would enhance the quality of the data and reduce the likelihood that the outcome is the result of bias. Comparison with other studiesOf studies that have used a thorough assessment of stressful life experiences, studies with a prospective design (the current study, and that by Barraclough 10 ) found no increase in the risk of recurrence of breast cancer, whereas the single case-control study found a strongly increased risk. 7Differences in case-control and prospective methods may explain the contradictory results arising from these two types of study.We took the prospective studies as the more robust, and these data indicate that women with breast cancer need not fear that stressful experiences in life are likely to bring about the return of their disease.We thank Tirril Harris for invaluable advice on the life events and difficulties schedule, Professor Tom Craig for his input in designing the study, Karen Pinder for carrying out data collection interviews, and the participants for so generously talking about their lives.
The Antidepressant Drugs
Authors: Anthony Hordern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

EIGHT years ago the introduction of iproniazid (Marsilid) and imipramine (Tofranil) opened a new era in the treatment of depression and a new area of psychiatric controversy. Many other antidepressants have since appeared, but, despite numerous investigations, opinions on the most appropriate therapy for depression continue to differ. It seems appropriate, therefore, to examine the present situation in the light of recent research findings. This article reviews the epidemiology of depressive states and outlines the development of the antidepressant drugs as an introduction to a discussion of some problems encountered in their evaluation. Finally, it suggests a treatment program for . . .
David Howell Clason Thomas
Authors: A. Carr
Journal: BMJ (2013)

David Howell Clason Thomas was born in Neath, South Wales, and initially thought of becoming a farmer. However, he was heavily influenced by his uncle, a local general practitioner. Clason came from a family of several generations of doctors. Hence it was no surprise when he eventually followed the family tradition and began studying medicine at the age of 17 at Queen’s College, Cambridge. These were …
The Quest for a Bone Marrow Donor — Optimal or Maximal HLA Matching?
Authors: Jon J. van Rood, Machteld Oudshoorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Bone marrow transplantation was first used successfully exactly 30 years ago, in children with congenital immune deficiencies.1 The demonstration that bone marrow transplantation was also effective in treating aplastic anemia and malignant hematologic disorders followed a few years later. Its use for other indications, such as metastatic breast cancer and certain autoimmune diseases, is being explored. Annually, more than 30,000 patients undergo transplantation with bone marrow from a related or an unrelated donor (allogeneic transplantation) or with the patient's own, previously stored marrow (autologous transplantation). The results of marrow transplantations have steadily improved, but many patients receiving an allograft die . . .
Humeral Neck Fracture With Inferior Subluxation of the Shoulder Joint
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>Dr. Turner:</h3> In the next three months we will present consecutive cases of severe fractures involving the surgical neck of the humerus. A 74-year-old housewife entered the emergency ward of the Massachusetts General Hospital one hour following an injury to her left shoulder. She reported that on entering her bathroom before breakfast she had tripped and fallen heavily on her left shoulder. There was immediate severe pain in the shoulder. Motion of the shoulder increased her pain. A review of systems revealed that the patient had mild diabetes mellitus requiring 30 units of isophane insulin suspension (NPH insulin) daily, and mild hypertensive cardiovascular disease without decompensation. Physical examination revealed an elderly female in satisfactory general condition. There was moderate swelling of the left shoulder. The skin was intact. The arm was held in 30 degrees of abduction. Sensation, motor function, and circulation of the hand and forearm were normal. X-ray
Pulmonary function in advanced pulmonary hypertension.
Authors: C M Burke, A R Glanville, A J Morris, D Rubin, J A Harvey, J Theodore, E D Robin
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Pulmonary mechanical function and gas exchange were studied in 33 patients with advanced pulmonary vascular disease, resulting from primary pulmonary hypertension in 18 cases and from Eisenmenger physiology in 15 cases. Evidence of airway obstruction was found in most patients. In addition, mean total lung capacity (TLC) was only 81.5% of predicted and 27% of our subjects had values of TLC less than one standard deviation below the mean predicted value. The mean value for transfer factor (TLCO) was 71.8% of predicted and appreciable arterial hypoxaemia was present, which was disproportionate to the mild derangements in pulmonary mechanics. Patients with Eisenmenger physiology had significantly lower values of arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) (p less than 0.05) and of maximum mid expiratory flow (p less than 0.05) and significantly higher pulmonary arterial pressure (p less than 0.05) than those with primary pulmonary hypertension, but no other variables were significantly different between the two subpopulations. It is concluded that advanced pulmonary vascular disease in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger physiology is associated not only with severe hypoxaemia but also with altered pulmonary mechanical function.
Genomics and Public Health Research—Reply
Authors: John M. Westfall, James Mold, Lyle Fagnan
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Kikuchi Disease Mimicking Malignant Lymphoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Chung Ho Kim, Joo Hyun O, Ie Ryung Yoo, Sung Hoon Kim, Hyung Sun Sohn, Soo Kyo Chung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A 10-year-old girl presented with a 2-month history of intermittent fever and palpable masses in the right side of the neck. Whole body FDG PET/CT imaging was performed, showing multiple FDG-avid nodular masses in cervical and abdominal lymph nodes. The patient then underwent excision biopsy of the enlarged right cervical nymph nodes, which confirmed the diagnosis of Kikuchi disease. After steroid therapy, fever and cervical lymphadenopathy subsided. After 3 months, follow up FDG PET/CT was done, and there was no abnormality. Kikuchi disease could lead to the wrong initial diagnosis of tuberculosis or even malignant lymphoma.
Hepatic Expression of Apolipoprotein E Inhibits Progression of Atherosclerosis without Reducing Cholesterol Levels in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice
Authors: Kazuhisa Tsukamoto, Rajendra K. Tangirala, Sam Chun, David Usher, Ellen Puré, Daniel J. Rader
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a multifunctional protein synthesized by the liver and by tissue macrophages. Plasma apoE (derived primarily from the liver) regulates plasma lipoprotein metabolism, but macrophage-derived apoE was shown to slow the progression of atherosclerosis independent of plasma lipid levels. We utilized liver-directed gene transfer to test the hypothesis that hepatic expression of human apoE would inhibit atherogenesis even in a model in which apoE expression has little effect on plasma lipoproteins. LDL receptor-deficient mice fed a western-type diet for 5 weeks were injected with a second-generation recombinant adenovirus encoding human apoE3 or control virus. Plasma cholesterol levels were not significantly different in the two groups of mice after virus injection. Four weeks after injection, atherosclerosis was examined using three independent assays. Expression of apoE was associated with significantly reduced atherosclerosis compared with control mice in both the aortic arch (decreased by 43%) and the aortic root (decreased by 59%). In summary, hepatic overexpression of apoE inhibited progression of atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice without reducing plasma cholesterol levels. This finding indicates that liver-derived plasma apoE can influence early atherogenesis through mechanisms other than modulation of lipoprotein metabolism and that liver-directed gene transfer and overexpression of apoE may be a therapeutic approach to atherosclerosis.
Children and Violence
Authors: Michael Durfee
Journal: JAMA (1995)

This text does not provide simple answers. It does provide a spectrum of thought for the serious professional who is concerned about the interaction of children and violence. Subjects dealt with include brain structure and chemistry, fatal domestic violence, alcoholism, residential treatment, community violence and child development, the earthquake in Armenia, street children in Brazil, television and the formation of a superego, and pertinent aspects of philosophy, Greek classics, and Freud. The text begins with a philosophical and psychological perspective, which states that all therapeutic work must be completed, since brief programs "leave the child in a state of distress." (This philosophy is in sharp contrast to projected mental health funding.) The chapter on brain mechanisms covers a mass of topics and ends with a long bibliography and the observation that the environment has a powerful ability to shape nonaggressive behavior. The note is hopeful but contrasts with the power
Screening for Cushing's Syndrome
Authors: Douglas J. Lanska
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the report by Hiramatsu et al<sup>1</sup>describing a method of screening and monitoring patients with Cushing's syndrome on the basis of circumference measurements, the authors state that "a simple evaluation technique for central obesity has not been reported previously." However, several methods of measuring central or android obesity, similar to their central obesity index (COI), have been published.<sup>2-4</sup>For example, Hartz and colleagues<sup>2</sup>used the ratio of waist girth to hip girth (WHR) as an index of central obesity in their study of body fat distribution and diabetes in 15,532 women. This study by Hartz et al and other studies of body fat distribution and disease,<sup>3,5</sup>suggested that an altered fat distribution may contribute to diabetes, whereas in Cushing's syndrome, fat distribution seems to be influenced by the disease. In addition, the suggestion by Hiramatsu et al that their COI be used
Pancreas Transplantation: Indications and Consequences
Authors: Jennifer L. Larsen
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2004)

Pancreas transplantation continues to evolve as a strategy in the management of diabetes mellitus. The first combined pancreas-kidney transplant was reported in 1967, but pancreas transplant now represents a number of procedures, each with different indications, risks, benefits, and outcomes. This review will summarize these procedures, including their risks and outcomes in comparison to kidney transplantation alone, and how or if they affect the consequences of diabetes: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and microvascular and macrovascular complications. In addition, the new risks introduced by immunosuppression will be reviewed, including infections, cancer, osteoporosis, reproductive function, and the impact of immunosuppression medications on blood pressure, lipids, and glucose tolerance. It is imperative that an endocrinologist remain involved in the care of the pancreas transplant recipient, even when glucose is normal, because of the myriad of issues encountered post transplant, including ongoing management of diabetic complications, prevention of bone loss, and screening for failure of the pancreas graft with reinstitution of treatment when indicated. Although long-term patient and graft survival have improved greatly after pancreas transplant, a multidisciplinary team is needed to maximize long-term quality, as well as quantity, of life for the pancreas transplant recipient.
The Association Between Anti-endotoxin Antibodies And C Reactive Protein Levels And Fatal Outcome Among Patients Hospitalized In An Intensive Care Unit For Severe Gastrointestinal Diseases
Authors: K.V. Byeloglazova, V.A. Beloglazov, A.I. Gordienko, A.L. Potapov, L.M. DuBuske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Concierge Medicine: A “Regular” Physician's Perspective
Authors: Michael Stillman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Concierge medical practices, which advertise expanded access to care and individualized attention, collect charges both from insurance companies and directly from their patients. Some bill hundreds of dollars for one-time "executive" physicals, whereas others have patients pay annual retainer fees. Yet, virtually no data are available about these "luxury" practices. It is not known how many physicians have "turned concierge," whether they have altered their testing and prescribing patterns, or whether their clinical outcomes are superior to those of their colleagues in traditional practices. Although some have voiced concern that concierge physicians create a 2-tiered system and may contribute to the difficulty that many patients have with access to care, the medical community has largely remained silent on the matter. The mere existence of concierge medicine may reflect our need as physicians to do better by our patients. Yet our responsibility as a professional community is to engage in—not run from—that monumental challenge.
Intraepidermal neutrophilic IgA/IgG antidesmocollin 1 pemphigus
Authors: A. Heng, A. Nwaneshiudu, T. Hashimoto, M. Amagai, J.R. Stanley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Intraepidermal neutrophilic IgA/IgG antidesmocollin 1 pemphigus Get access A. Heng, A. Heng Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, 211 CRB, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.ADepartment of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Nwaneshiudu, A. Nwaneshiudu Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, 211 CRB, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.ADepartment of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hashimoto, T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, 211 CRB, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.ADepartment of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Amagai, M. Amagai Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.R. Stanley J.R. Stanley Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, 211 CRB, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.ADepartment of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan John R. Stanley. E‐mail: jrstan@mail.med.upenn.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 5, 1 May 2006, Pages 1018–1020, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07226.x Published: 01 May 2006
Abstract 129: Synthetic lethality induced by loss of PKC delta and mutated Ras
Authors: Changyan Chen, Tongbo Zhu, Lihua Chen, Takanori Tsuji
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Table of ContentsSynthetic Lethality Induced by Loss of PKC d and Mutated RasAbstract Synthetic Lethality Induced by Loss of PKC δ and Mutated Ras Tongbo Zhu,* Lihua Chen,* Wei Du, Takanori Tsuji, and Changyan Chen Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston Abstract Synthetic lethal interaction between oncogenic Ha-ras and loss of PKC has been demonstrated. Recently, we reported that the concurrent knockdown of PKC α and β, via upregulating PKC δ, sensitizes cells with aberrant Ras signaling to apoptosis. As the continuation of the study, using the shRNA, we demonstrate that loss of PKC δ causes a lethal reaction in NIH3T3/Hras or prostate cancer DU145 cells that overexpress JNK. In this apoptotic process, PKC α and β are upregulated, and then associated with RACK1 (an adaptor for activated PKC) and JNK. Immunoblotting analysis shows that JNK is phosphorylated, accompanied with caspase 8 cleavage. The inhibition of JNK abrogates this apoptotic process triggered by PKC δ knockdown. Interestingly, without blocking PKC δ, the concurrent overexpression of wt- or CAT-PKCα and β is insufficient to induce apoptosis in the cells. Together with our previous findings, the data suggest that PKC α/β and δ function oppositely to maintain a balance that supports cells expressing v-ras to survive and prevents them from being eliminated through oncogenic stress-induced apoptosis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 129.