tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal lupus autoantibody secretion by human-human hybridomas. Selection of hybrids by conventional and novel techniques.
Authors: B H Littman, A V Muchmore, A D Steinberg, W C Greene
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Autoantibody-secreting hybridomas were produced by somatic cell fusion of B lymphocytes from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus with two different human myeloma lines. Selection of hybrids formed from one of these cell lines was performed by using aminopterine-containing culture medium as this cell line was deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT). The second myeloma line was not HGPRT-deficient but instead was treated with diethylpyrocarbonate, which assured death of unfused myeloma cells. This novel technique has wide applicability. Hybridomas were found to secrete antibodies to native DNA and to extractable nuclear antigen. The binding specificities of one IgM anti-DNA antibody was characterized and found to be specific for double-stranded DNA and had particular binding affinity for poly(dG) . poly(dC).
Prognostic Value of Exercise EKG Testing in Asymptomatic Normotensive Subjects
Authors: Erminia Giagnoni, Maria Beatrice Secchi, Sheng Chin Wu, Alberto Morabito, Luigi Oltrona, Sandro Mancarella, Nico Volpin, Luisa Fossa, Laura Bettazzi, Gianni Arangio, Aldo Sachero, Giuseppe Folli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We prospectively studied 135 asymptomatic normotensive subjects with exercise-induced ST ischemic depression of 1 mm or more and compared them with 379 controls. At least two controls with negative responses on the exercise electrocardiographic (EKG) test were selected for each case and were matched for age, sex, work, community, and coronary-risk-factors index. The end points considered were the following coronary events: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. After a median follow-up period of 6.0 years for the cases and 6.4 years for the controls, the relative risk was 5.55 (95 per cent confidence limits, 2.75 to 11.22). Coronary events occurred significantly earlier in the cases than in the controls. Our data also suggest that the exercise EKG response is a particularly good prognostic indicator for myocardial infarction. In addition, our analysis has confirmed the predictive roles of age, smoking, blood pressure, and the coronary-risk-factors index and suggests that the exercise EKG response is an additional independent risk indicator for coronary events.
A Verse on Ondine's Curse
Authors: James Ransom
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The very clever SPECIAL COMMUNICATION "In Search of Ondine's Curse" by Oscar Sugar, MD (240:236, 1978), provokes the following "double dactyl," a verse form I did not invent and I wish I knew who did. The rules are simpler than they look: Line 1 is a nonsense double dactyl (higgledy piggledy, jiggery pokery, etc). (A dactyl is a poetic "foot" consisting of a long and two short beats (/- -), so-called because the bones of the fingers ("dactyls") are that way.) Line 2 is a double dactylic name. Line 3 is a four-stress dactylic line with a truncated fourth foot. Lines 4 and 5 (like lines 1 and 2) are dactylic dimeters. Line 6 is the same measure as line 3 and rhymes with it. Ideally, line 5 should be a single word, but that is not the case here: Higgledy Piggledy Huldbrand of Ringstetten, In a foul mood,
Comparison of case fatality in smokers and non-smokers after acute cardiac event
Authors: G. S Sonke, A. W Stewart, R. Beaglehole, R. Jackson, H. D White
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Although smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for acute myocardial infarction, it has also been associated with an up to twofold lower risk of dying in hospital after an acute myocardial infarction.1 2 We analysed data from a community based register of coronary heart disease to determine whether differences in case fatality (the proportion of those dying) between smokers and non-smokers are restricted to patients who have been admitted to hospital and to evaluate possible explanations for this smoker's paradox.

All deaths related to coronary causes and all admitted patients aged 25–64 who met predefined criteria for myocardial infarction or coronary death were identified in Auckland, New Zealand, between 1986 and 1992 as part of the World Health Organisation MONICA (monitoring trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) project. Study criteria, and methods of case finding and …
Teaching model for tracheal suction.
Authors: K M Hilliar, L Strunin
Journal: BMJ (1974)

as only two of the children of the inpant group grew at even half he expected velo- city the growth retardsti was coniderable and ih value for x2 was 26X87 (13 D.F., P<0-02).In the outpatient group there was no difference between the observed and ex- peCted height velocities (X2 3-66, 5 D.F.,
Progress to Date for <i>Diabetes Care</i>
Authors: William T. Cefalu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

In January, in my first editorial as editor in chief for Diabetes Care , I described our editorial team’s future plans for the journal. With all the changes we were experiencing in research progress, in data dissemination, in the funding of priorities, in health care changes, and in the increased burden of diabetes worldwide, I was very optimistic that Diabetes Care was “well positioned to take advantage of the noted opportunities.” Our team welcomed both the prospects and the challenges ahead. In my first editorial, I also wrote: “The saying that ‘the only constant is change’ applies very well to Diabetes Care for the next 5 years.” I made that statement after reviewing how the prior editors continued to adapt to the changing times during their tenures. Essentially, they either continued “the current course for Diabetes Care with only minor adjustments” based on assessing the conditions operative at the time, or they identified and took full “advantage of the unique strengths of the journal and significantly added to them.” In essence, I felt that during my tenure and charge as editor, I would not do anything differently. I would survey the current landscape of clinical, research, and health care changes and adapt the journal and strategies to provide the most up-to-date information for our readers. Now, 6 months later, I can definitely state with a great deal of confidence that as an editorial team, we are clearly on track, if not slightly ahead of our schedule, in strengthening the journal. However, I will have to readily admit that I clearly underestimated the rate of change in a certain area. Specifically, and as outlined below, many changes have been made to vastly improve and accelerate how information is disseminated from Diabetes Care. The rate at which these changes have taken place …
Treatment of Malaria
Authors: L.J. Bruce-Chwatt
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I read with interest and appreciation the article by Drs. D.C. Martin and John D. Arnold, "Treatment of Acute Falciparum Malaria With Sulfalene and Trimethoprim" (<b>203</b>:476, 1968). You will allow me, I am sure, to correct a misquotation of a few lines attributed to me. The article states that the future of this particular drug combination (sulformetoxine and pyrimethamine) has been clouded somewhat by a report from Bruce-Chwatt that sulformetoxine caused a 1.5% incidence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome during a North African field study. The correct text of the relevant lines<sup>1</sup>was: Recent information from Morocco, where this long-acting sulphonamide was administered on a large-scale in repeated and fairly high doses for control of an epidemic of cerebro-spinal meningitis, indicates the need for caution, for there was a disturbing proportion (1.5%) of 'allergo-toxic' skin reactions—<i>most of them mild</i>, but some severe, of the Stevens-Johnson or
Cyclosporin Therapy for Prevention and Cure of IDDM: Epidemiological Perspective of Benefits and Risks
Authors: Rebecca Lipton, Ronald E LaPorte, Dorothy J Becker, Janice S Dorman, Trevor J Orchard, Joycelyn Atchison, Allan L Drash
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

Cyclosporin and other immunosuppressive agents have been proposed as a preventive treatment against the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in relatives at increased risk for the disease, based on the understanding that its etiology is an ongoing process of autoimmune β-cell destruction. We used an epidemiological approach to evaluate several recent trials of cyclosporin in newly diagnosed IDDM patients to determine the degree of benefit that is to be expected. We assessed these and other studies to estimate the potential adverse effects of such treatment, were it to be used in the future, either in newly diagnosed subjects or healthy high-risk relatives. Standard sample-size calculations were used to quantify the number of study subjects necessary to allow adequate statistical power to test the positive and negative effects of a future treatment (α = 0.05, β = 0.20). The estimates were based on the data available from published studies of cyclosporin treatment. The importance of conducting an adequate trial of such a therapy, both from an ethical and a practical viewpoint, is discussed. Five small immunosuppression trials were evaluated. Remission rates in treated subjects exceeded those in control subjects by 15-59%. Variability in defining remission may account for the differences in rates across the studies. Estimates of the major beneficial and adverse effects of cyclosporin were derived from these trials and studies of patients who have undergone long-term immunosuppression. Indicators of kidney damage associated with cyclosporin treatment were reported in 5-47% of treated subjects. A threefold increase in the rate for all cancers and an eightfold increase in the rate for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were reported in immunosuppressed autoimmune patients. To detect a beneficial effect such as that described for cyclosporin, between 14 and 2598 subjects would be required in a clinical trial. Samplesize calculations demonstrated that between 1200 and 156,000 subjects would need to be enrolled in such a trial to detect a twofold increase over baseline levels of the adverse effects reported in the studies reviewed herein. Of critical importance are not the specific findings concerning the risks and benefits of cyclosporin but rather the use of an epidemiological approach for evaluating any future immunosuppressive treatments designed to prevent or cure IDDM.
A SIMPLE METHOD FOR VERIFICATION OF CENTER OF ROTATION (COR) AND PATIENT POSITION IN SPECT OF THE HEAD
Authors: Robert E. Henry, Bruce F. Mason, Joseph W. Vilani, Jon A. Kotler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Reconstruction of SPECT images requires accurate input parameters. We encountered artefacts in brain image reconstructions because the center of rotation (COR) of the clinical study was different than that determined during camera setup.·He devised a simple method to verify the COR on each study and also to provide an anatomic marker to indicate patient position on reconstruction images. A point source (5 uci Tc-99m) is suspended in space to the right, behind and above the patient's head so that it does not superimpose on the head and is visible on all rotational images. The level of the source is reconstructed using the COR previously determined by the manufacturer's method. The correct COR reconstructs the source as a round, uniform point. An incorrect COR reconstructs with a flattened side, a cresent or a ring depending on the size of the error. If the COR is verified reconstruction of the rest of the image can proceed. If the COR is wrong the appearance of the artefact indicates the degree and direction of error with reference to the computer matrix. Reconstruction with trial CORs can be assessed by this means to salvage studies which would otherwise be lost. The location of the reconstructed point source allows verification of patient position which is necessary when imaging symmetrical body parts such as the head. We have found this technique useful in the performance of more than 20 exams of the brain and skull. This technique has potential application for SPECT imaging of other organs.
Implications of New Insurance Coverage for Access to Care, Cost-Sharing, and Reimbursement
Authors: A. Everette James, Walid F. Gellad, Brian A. Primack
Journal: JAMA (2013)

The good news for patients is that starting in 2014 the Affordable Care Act (ACA) requires individual and group health plans to issue policies to all applicants, regardless of health status. Through the ACA’s individual mandate, insurance exchanges, and Medicaid expansion, guaranteed issue will provide new coverage for millions of citizens. Having insurance, however, does not always guarantee access to primary care.

Lost in the political rhetoric around health reform and technical glitches in the HealthCare.gov website are a set of critical decisions that many physician practices will have to make in the coming years. These decisions may very well contribute to the ultimate success or failure of the ACA
Postremission treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission after intensive induction chemotherapy:results of the multicenter randomized Acute Leukemia French Association (ALFA) 9803 trial
Authors: Claude Gardin, Pascal Turlure, Thierry Fagot, Xavier Thomas, Christine Terre, Nathalie Contentin, Emmanuel Raffoux, Stephane de Botton, Cecile Pautas, Oumedaly Reman, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Pierre Fenaux, Sylvie Castaigne, Mauricette Michallet, Claude Preudhomme, Thierry de Revel, Dominique Bordessoule, Herve Dombret
Journal: Blood (2007)
Unexplained Hemopericardium as a Presenting Feature of Primary Cardiac Angiosarcoma: A Case Report and a Review of the Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Hazem Edmond El-Osta, Youssef S. Yammine, Bassem M. Chehab, Andrew S. Fields, Dennis F. Moore, Bassam I. Mattar
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Abstract S4-3: Ten-Year Follow-Up Analysis of the BICRG 001 Trial Confirms Superior DFS and OS Benefit of Adjuvant TAC (Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide) over FAC (fluorouracil, Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide) in Women with Operable Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: M Martin, J Mackey, T Pienkowski, J Rolski, J-P Guastalla, A Sami, J Glaspy, E Juhos, A Wardley, T Fornander, J Hainsworth, R Coleman, M Modiano, J Vinholes, T Pinter, B Childs, M Roessner, V Wilson, M Rupin, C Vogel
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The second interim analysis of the BCIRG001 trial at a median follow up of 55 months showed that adjuvant chemotherapy with TAC improves disease-free survival (DFS: HR 0.72; P=0.001) and overall survival (OS: HR 0.70; P=0.008) compared with FAC in women with operable node-positive breast cancer (N Engl J Med 2005;352:2302-13). We now report the final analysis of DFS, OS, and long-term safety after 10 years of follow-up. Patients and Methods: Women with node-positive breast cancer were randomized to adjuvant treatment with either TAC or FAC every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. The primary end point was DFS. Secondary end points included OS and safety. Results: Between June 1997 and June 1999, 1491 women (TAC N=745; FAC=746) from 20 countries were enrolled. Median follow up was 120 months. As of the cut-off date for this analysis (11 March 2010), there were a total of 620 DFS events (287 events with TAC; 333 with FAC). Ten-year DFS rates were 62% with TAC and 55% with FAC. TAC improved DFS irrespective of nodal status, hormone receptor status, and HER2/neu status. There have been 429 deaths (188 deaths with TAC; 241 with FAC) and 10-year OS rates were 76% with TAC and 69% with FAC. There was no statistically significant difference in rates of grade 3-4 congestive heart failure (CHF): TAC 3.5% vs FAC 2.3%, P=0.18. Deaths due to CHF have occurred in 2 patients in the TAC group and 4 patients in the FAC group. Rates of asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction will be presented. A total of 6 patients have developed acute myeloid leukemia (TAC N=4; FAC N=2). table 1 ITT, intention-to-treat Conclusion: Ten-year follow up analysis of the BCIRG 001 trial confirmed that TAC significantly improves DFS and OS compared with FAC in women with node-positive early breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S4-3.
Detecting traumatic internal carotid artery dissection using transcranial Doppler in head-injured patients
Authors: Pierre Bouzat, Gilles Francony, Julien Brun, Pierre Lavagne, Julien Picard, Christophe Broux, Philippe Declety, Claude Jacquot, Pierre Albaladejo, Jean-Francois Payen
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Postresection recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma treated by arterial embolization: Analysis of prognostic factors
Authors: Kenichi Takayasu, Fumihiko Wakao, Noriyuki Moriyama, Yukio Muramatsu, Susumu Yamazaki, Tomoo Kosuge, Tadatoshi Takayama, Shuichi Okada, Nobuo Okazaki, Masatoshi Makuuchi
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Of 270 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent surgery, 50 who had recurrence and were subsequently treated with transcatheter arterial embolization were analyzed. The longest interval between surgery and recurrence in the 50 patients who underwent transcatheter arterial embolization was 7 yr. Recurrence was initially found in the remnant liver in all patients but one; extrahepatic metastases were detected in 13 patients (26%) during follow-up. A “multiple” type was the most common (64%) hepatic recurrence pattern on angiography, followed by the “solitary” (16%) and “tumor thrombus” (12%) patterns. Hepatic recurrence was most frequently found in the ipsilateral lobe (48%) relative to the site of the primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Multivariate analysis of the factors affecting survival after transcatheter arterial embolization indicated that recurrence pattern (p = 0.025) and distant metastases (p = 0.011) were significant. Of 13 patients with distant metastases, 11 had the “multiple” pattern of hepatic recurrence. Survival rates for all 50 patients after initial surgery and after transcatheter arterial embolization were 90% and 64%, respectively, at 1 yr; 52% and 24%, respectively, at 3 yr; and 27% and 5%, respectively, at 5 yr. On analysis of survival rates after transcatheter arterial embolization in 37 patients with recurrence only in the liver and of the response of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma to transcatheter arterial embolization, a significant difference was noted between those with “partial response” and “progressive disease” (p < 0.05) and between those with “no change” and “progressive disease” (p < 0.05). (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:906–911.)
Penile erection: possible role for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide as a neurotransmitter.
Authors: B Ottesen, G Wagner, R Virag, J Fahrenkrug
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were measured in blood drawn from the cavernous spaces of corpus cavernosum of the human penis during tumescence and erection, and the effect of injecting the polypeptide into the cavernous spaces was studied. A significant release of the polypeptide was shown during tumescence and erection. Injection of exogenous vasoactive intestinal polypeptide induced erection. These findings support the concept of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide as a neurotransmitter in penile erection and suggest that it might have a clinical use in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction.
The role of tumor necrosis factor-α in acute endotoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in ethanol-fed rats
Authors: John Hansen, David L. Cherwitz, John I. Allen
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

An in vivo model of ethanol ingestion in rats was used to examine tumor necrosis factor-α production after intravenous injection with lipopolysaccharide or saline solution. Four groups of 125-gm male Sprague-Dawley rats were given one of the following four diets: liquid ethanol diet (ethanol, 36% of calories), liquid control diet, chow ad libitum or control liquid diet pair-fed to match calories consumed by ethanol-fed rats. After 6 wk of diet, all rats were injected with 1 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide or 0.9% saline. AST concentrations in the ethanol-lipopolysaccharide group (388 ± 54 U/ml) were significantly increased compared with those in control-saline, ethanol-saline and control-lipopolysaccharide groups (166 ± 23, 166 ± 18, 219 ± 47; p<0.01). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations for the ethanol-LPS group (3,990 ± 624 pg/ml) were increased compared with those in control-saline (87 ± 18), ethanol-saline (68 ± 24) and control-LPS (695 ± 165) groups (p<0.001). A strong correlation was seen between serum tumor necrosis factor-α and AST concentrations (r=0.91, p<0.001). Treatment with lipopolysaccharide also increased transcriptional levels of tumor necrosis factor-α-specific mRNA from hepatic Kupffer cells isolated from rats fed the long-term ethanol diet by a factor of 3 compared with control rats. From these data, we conclude that long-term ethanol administration sensitized hepatic Kupffer cells to secrete high levels of tumor necrosis factor-α after lipopolysaccharide injection. Increased serum tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations correlated directly with increased levels of serum transaminase, which may have reflected hepatic injury. (Hepatology 1994;20:461–474.)
Coexistant Iodine-Negative Pleural Metastasis With Iodine-Positive Lung and Bone Metastases in a Patient With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Zhong-Ling Qiu, Quan-Yong Luo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Pleural metastasis from differentiated thyroid cancer is extremely rare. We describe a 32-year-old man with an iodine-negative pleural metastasis from a follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, using I-131 whole-body scan (I-131 WBS) and I-131 SPECT/CT techniques. I-131 WBS combined with I-131 SPECT/CT after radioiodine therapy showed pulmonary and skeletal iodine-avid metastases. The pleural mass had no ability to accumulate radioiodine. Thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the pleural was histologically confirmed by transthoracic biopsy. The practical interest in this unique case is that iodine-negative pleural metastasis and iodine-positive lung and bone metastases coexisted in the same patient.
Note on Haematoma of the External Ear
Authors: W. P. Phillimore
Journal: BMJ (1874)

THE BRITISh' MEDICAL 7OURNAL.is furnished by the loss on ignition, which was carefully determined by Frankland in i865, and is, in mean, 0.7 grain per gallon.The loss on ignition consists mainly of exchange of 2 (NO3) for CO3; and, as will be perceived, on making the requisite calculation, one grain per gallon of nitric acid would require a loss on ignition of about 0.5 grain ; where- fore the loss on ignition is an additional confirmation of the determina- tion of nitric acid.A further point to be determined is the following.Is the " soluble part" of the total solids alkaline, and to what extent ?We are now in possession of materials for arriving at a tolerably certain knowledge of the mineral constituents of the New River water.The 15.2 grains of insoluble portion contains 14 grains of carbonate of lime, the difference being made up of a little silica (according to some published analyses this amounts to 0.5 grain per gallon) and to a trace of iron, and pos- sibly of alumina and phosphoric acid, and to a trace of organic matter retained by the carbonate of lime.Magnesia is all but absent.The 5.5 grains of soluble salts contain no lime, and consist entirely of salts of the alkalies.They contain:Chlorine .i.I grains.Nitric acid (NO3).1. I.