tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LATE RESULTS OF INJECTION TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS
Authors: D. Patey, R. C. Tatham
Journal: BMJ (1933)

<h3>OBJECTIVES</h3> To investigate neurobehavioural effects and the persistence of complaints in workers exposed to styrene relative to exposure characteristics and the enzyme microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) activity. <h3>METHODS</h3> A cross sectional study was performed in a retrospective cohort of workers of a polyester boat building plant 3 years after the main activity shut down in 1989. Workers still currently exposed to a much lower concentration of styrene in air than before (n=27) and formerly exposed workers (n=90) were compared with matched control workers (n=64). Currently and formerly exposed workers laminated 4700 and 3610 hours on average at mean exposure to styrene concentrations of 148 and 157 mg/m<sup>3</sup> respectively. A structured neurological anamnesis into former and present complaints, the NSC-60 questionnaire, and computer assisted neurobehavioural tests (NES) were administered. The mEH phenotype activity was measured in lymphocytes with a novel gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method. <h3>RESULTS</h3> For the period before 1989, currently and formerly exposed workers reported more complaints than control workers which related well with the mean exposure to airborn styrene concentration (p=0.03). Most complaints disappeared after the end of exposure, although the chest, equilibrium, and somatic category scores of NSC-60 and the number of workers reporting diminished sense of smell remained increased in formerly exposed workers (p⩽0.05). Symbol-digit substitution and digit span forwards test results were worse in currently and formerly exposed workers (p⩽0.01). In the combined group of currently and formerly exposed workers, the symbol-digit substitution and colour-word vigilance results related well to duration of exposure (p&lt;0.01 and p=0.03) and mEH phenotype activity (p=0.01 and p=0.05), whereas the digit span forwards results only showed associations of borderline significance (duration of exposure (p=0.08) and mEH phenotype activity (p=0.08)). <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Most subjective symptoms were reversible but some persisted after the end of exposure to styrene, whereas dysfunction of visuomotor performance and perceptual speed seemed to persist. Duration of exposure at lamination tasks and the interaction, duration of exposure×concentration of exposure, were found to be the best predictors of worsening visuomotor and perceptual speed performances. Activity of the mEH phenotype may play a modulating part in styrene neurotoxicity. The results suggested that less than 10 years of exposure to atmospheric styrene at an average concentration of 155 mg/m<sup>3</sup> may result in persistent neurotoxic effects.
We need a mix of care in the NHS
Authors: Martin G Duerden
Journal: BMJ (2007)

I have a similar story to Newton's about the death of my father last year.1 He was 78 and for more than 20 years had seen his mobility and independence slowly eroded by multiple sclerosis. He developed a chest infection over Christmas but had strongly protested his desire to stay at home, which became impossible as pressure sores developed.

The first 11 …
STRABISMUS IN CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
Authors: B. Barker Beeson
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, February 4, Dr. Lloyd B. Dickey speaks of strabismus as a symptom of congenital syphilis. References to this are by no means new. Edmond Fournier (Recherche et diagnostic de l'hérédo-syphilis tardive, Paris, Masson &amp; Cie, 1907, p. 74) states that his father, Prof. Alfred Fournier, was the first to call attention to it, after finding it nineteen times in fifty cases of congenital syphilis. Mauriac (Syphilis tertiaire et héréditaire, Paris, J. B. Baillière et fils, 1890, p. 1133) also refers to it as an important sign. Leredde (La syphilis héréditaire et la famille syphilitique, Paris, A. Maloine et fils, 1925, p. 37) places it among the more frequent stigmas of congenital syphilis.
Urinary Tract Infection Localization in Women
Authors: Stanley Hellerstein
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Harding et al (240:1147,1978) provides data that support the observations of Thomas et al<sup>1</sup>and Jones et al<sup>2</sup>and show a clear correlation between antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) in the urinary sediment and infection of the upper urinary tract. These three studies were done in adults. In contrast, our study<sup>3</sup>of pediatric patients, which used the bladderwashout test to define the level of the urinary tract infection, showed poor correlation between the presence of ACB in the urinary sediment and upper urinary tract infection. We are unable to explain these differences. However, one source of confusion in the published data is a consequence of the lack of uniform test criteria concerning what constitutes a urinary sediment that is positive for ACB. Our updated experience with the relationship between ACB in the urinary sediment and localization of the site of infection by bladderwashout
K+ Efflux Is the Common Trigger of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Toxins and Particulate Matter
Authors: Raúl Muñoz-Planillo, Peter Kuffa, Giovanny Martínez-Colón, Brenna L. Smith, Thekkelnaycke M. Rajendiran, Gabriel Núñez
Journal: Immunity (2013)
Naturally occurring serum antiidiotypic antibody against antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein in patients with hepatitis
Authors: Akinori Tsubouchi, Kentaro Yoshioka, Shinichi Kakumu
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Studies were undertaken to evaluate whether antiidiotypic antibody against antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein is related to the disease activity of patients with hepatitis. Sera from normal individuals, patients with viral hepatitis and medical staffs were depleted of antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein antibody by absorbing with liver-specific membrane lipoprotein-bearing cell line SK-Hep-1. Anti-antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein was detected by binding activity to antihuman liver-specific membrane lipoprotein monoclonal antibody using solid-phase radioimmunoassay and by inhibitory activity for binding of antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein monoclonal antibody to SK-Hep-1 using competitive radioimmunoassay. The results obtained by the two assays were equivalent for detecting anti-antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein. Sera from patients with acute viral hepatitis during recovery phase (n = 6) and chronic persistent hepatitis (n = 12), respectively, showed significantly increased anti-antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein activity (p less than 0.01) when compared to those from normal individuals (n = 10), whereas sera from patients with chronic active liver disease (n = 12) did not reveal significantly different values from controls. Sera from the medical staff (n = 11) who had contact with hepatitis patients also demonstrated increased anti-antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein activity (p less than 0.05). Inhibitory activity of anti-antiliver-specific membrane lipoprotein in the serum appeared localized within the F(ab')2 fragments of immunoglobulin G fraction by competitive radioimmunoassay. The specificity of the inhibitory activity of the serum was confirmed by its inability to block unrelated antigen-antibody reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Heroin Crisis Among US Forces in Southeast Asia
Authors: Arthur J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Heroin abuse among US soldiers in Southeast Asia has many features common to an epidemic: a specific population at risk, a unique setting in which spread occurred, and a single offending agent. An epidemiologic approach reveals features that distinguish heroin addiction in this setting from patterns observed in the United States. The medical impact in terms of morbidity has not been fully assessed. A controversy persists whether heroin use in Southeast Asia is a low-risk exposure confined to a special environment or carries a major threat for continued hard-drug use. The opportunity to evaluate in depth a sample of patients in a direct combat support area forms the basis of this report. Potential morbidity in many cases seems high.
Infants, Children, and Informed Consent
Authors: A. G. M. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Obtaining informed consent for non-therapeutic experimentation on infants and children has ethical and legal implications that cause great controversy. There is some danger that worthy research will be inhibited if current ethical codes are interpreted too strictly, yet infants, children, and other vulnerable groups clearly must be protected from exploitation as research subjects. It is suggested that permission from parents coupled with integrity of the investigator will remain the child's best protection, but several additional protective mechanisms are available and should be used. Some guidelines for non-therapeutic research are suggested which should not only provide adequate protection for infants and young children involved in research projects, but allow investigators reasonable freedom to prosecute worthy research vital to continued improvements in child care.
On the Occurrence of Haematoma of the Ear in Football Players
Authors: F. A. Southam
Journal: BMJ (1888)

subject further might be dangerous; I return, then, to the old track.It is quite clear that alcohol is a functional poison of the nar- cotic class.Its action on the brain shows the gradations of stimulation, overaction, inhibited action, and actual narcosis.These effecte, unless positively fatal, are transitory.But it is also clear that this is not the whole of its injurious effect; since, if the functional disturbance be often repeated, the brain itself will come in the end to be damaged.But it may be supposed this damage is caused by the excess or repetition of the functional disturbance.Such an explanation will not, however, apply.Some organs, such as peripheral nerves, are damaged, in whicli nIo functional disturbance from the immediate action of alcolhol ctanl be traced.Hence we conclude that alcohol is also a tissue poison damaging the struetuire of the tissue elements.This effect is not seen after a single dose, even a fatal dose, at least so far as is
Exocrine secretory responses of the pancreas to insulin and to a meat meal in dogs
Authors: S. Gupta, J. B. Elder, A. W. Kay
Journal: Gut (1973)

Studies in five dogs with chronic pancreatic and gastric fistulae have shown that insulin-induced vagal stimulation of the pancreas (gastric fistula open) resulted in protein and bicarbonate outputs very much smaller than those obtained with a 400-g meat meal. However, when the insulin-activated gastric acid secretion was allowed access to the duodenum (gastric fistula closed) peak outputs of both bicarbonate and protein were observed which were closely similar to the response to the meal. These findings suggest that insulin-induced hypoglycaemia results in stimulation of the pancreas within the physiological range when gastric acid is allowed access to the duodenum with consequent release of secretin.
A First Step toward a Molecular Genetic Analysis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: P. Michael Conneally
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The total human genome is estimated to contain on the order of 3 billion base pairs. Ninety to 95 percent of the genome has no known function and is often referred to as "junk DNA." The remaining 5 to 10 percent contains approximately 50,000 to 100,000 genes. The most recent edition (1990) of McKusick's encyclopedia of human gene loci, Mendelian Inheritance in Man,1 lists 4937 loci. Most of these are sites of mutations that are responsible for our repertoire of inherited disorders. The basic defect responsible for the vast majority of these disorders is unknown.2 How does one attempt . . .
The Tetralogy of Fallot: From a Surgical Viewpoint
Authors: David C. Sabiston
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This excellent monograph is a much needed contribution in the field of cardiovascular surgery. Moreover, it is written by authors who possess impressive qualifications to present this important subject. The introduction provides a concise and yet complete discussion of the historical development of the surgical correction of the tetralogy of Fallot. The first chapter defines the tetralogy in a meaningful and understandable manner, a fact of considerable importance in current cardiovascular surgery. The anatomy of the various types of malformation which can occur is beautifully described and illustrated in appropriate angiocardiograms and specimens. Especial emphasis is placed upon the hemodynamics with tracings of the pressure curves and oximetry records. The clinical features and diagnosis, presented in detail, are most commendable. The major aspect of this monograph is quite properly devoted to both the principles and details of open intracardiac operation for correction of the tetralogy. Both the description and illustrations
Clinical features and prognosis of life time non-smokers with severe alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: N. Seersholm, A. Kok-Jensen
Journal: Thorax (1998)

The hereditary disorder alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is characterised by development of severe emphysema at an early age with smoking being the most significant additional risk factor. The purpose of the present paper was to analyse potential risk factors other than smoking for emphysema and to estimate the prognosis of life time non-smokers.Patients were identified through the files of the Danish alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency register which contains information on more than 700 persons with the condition. Many of the patients, the non-index cases, were identified from family studies.There were 75 life time non-smokers with PiZ (27 index cases and 48 non-index cases) aged 20 years or more at entry. Twenty one subjects died during the follow up period. The Standardised Mortality Ratio (SMR) was 3.0 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.9 to 4.6). There was no significant difference in SMR between males and females. The SMR was 8.8 (95% CI 5.0 to 14) for the index cases and 0.96 (95% CI 0.3 to 2.3) for the non-index cases based on five deaths. The overall mean % predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) at entry was 83% with a significant difference between index cases (54%) and non-index cases (100%) (p < 0.001). The difference in the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) was also highly significant with values of 0.57 and 0.79 for index and non-index cases, respectively (p < 0.001). In the non-index group only three had an FEV1% predicted of less than 70%.Occupational exposure to airway irritants did not have any significant influence on the development of emphysema. Only a few life time non-smokers develop severe emphysema; most never develop pulmonary symptoms and thus remain undetected unless family members of index cases are screened.
Hepatic protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase. Dephosphorylation of insulin and epidermal growth factor receptors in normal and alloxan diabetic rats.
Authors: P A Gruppuso, J M Boylan, B I Posner, R Faure, D L Brautigan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Polypeptide hormone signal transmission by receptor tyrosine kinases requires the rapid reversal of tyrosine phosphorylation by protein phosphotyrosine phosphatases (PPTPases). We studied hepatic PPTPases in the rat with emphasis on acute and chronic regulation by insulin. PPTPase activity with artificial substrates ([32P]Tyr-reduced, carboxyamidomethylated, and maleylated lysozyme and [32P]Tyr-poly[glutamic acid:tyrosine] 4:1) was present in distinct membrane, cytoskeletal, and cytosolic fractions. These PPTPase activities were unaffected by alloxan diabetes. Acute administration of insulin to normal animals also did not change PPTPase activity in liver plasma membranes or endosomal membranes. Although alloxan diabetes did not affect PPTPase activity measured with artificial substrates or with epidermal growth factor receptors, a decrease in insulin receptor dephosphorylation was noted. Dephosphorylation of hepatic receptors from normal and diabetic rats by membrane PPTPase from control rats was similar. These results indicate that alloxan diabetes does not lead to a generalized effect on hepatic PPTPase activity, although a substrate-specific decrease in activity with the insulin receptor may occur.
PANCREATIC DISEASE, ARTHRITIS, AND SKIN NODULES
Authors: Joel S. Steinberg, Russell A. Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Letters and Comments1 April 1968PANCREATIC DISEASE, ARTHRITIS, AND SKIN NODULESJOEL S. STEINBERG, M.D., RUSSELL A. JONES, M.D.JOEL S. STEINBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RUSSELL A. JONES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-4-963 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: The article entitled "Arthritis and Skin Lesions Resembling Erythema Nodosum in Pancreatic Disease" by Drs. Mullin, Caperton, Crespin, and Williams in the January ANNALS is a significant contribution especially because it calls attention to this little-known clinical entity that must occur more frequently than is realized.We would like to add our 3 cases, all seen within a period of 3 months, to the 39 now described in the literature. A brief summary of our findings follows:The diagnosis of pancreatitis was established by elevated serum amylase (3 patients), typical history (2 patients), and pancreatic calcification (2... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAkute Pankreaserkrankungen 1 April 1968Volume 68, Issue 4Page: 963-964KeywordsArthritisErythemaLesionsPancreatic diseasesPancreatitis Issue Published: 1 April 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Effectiveness of genetic testing in certain diseases must be evaluated
Authors: L. Garvican
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—I was interested to read the series on the new genetics, having recently completed a review on this subject, commissioned by the 12 health authorities in South Thames.1 We identified a major problem, which has not been mentioned in any of the articles—namely, the enormous head of steam that is building up as a result of research progress in the past few years. …
The Best Climate for Consumptives.
Authors: Charles E. Winslow
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —It is with pleasure I have read the recent comments inThe Journal, upon the best climate for consumptive patients, and thinking that perhaps the conclusions arrived at after spending nearly a year in this land of sunshine, may, in their humble way be of interest to some members of the Association, I send them to you. Albuquerque is situated near the head of the fertile valley of the Rio Grande, is nearly five thousand feet above sea level, surrounded by mountains and highlands, which act as barriers against cold winds and blizzards. The soil is a sandy loam, the water pure and good. There being no station of the signal service here, I am unable to obtain a correct record of the temperature. The nearest station is at Santa Fé, two thousand feet higher, and sixty miles farther north. A fair comparison cannot be made. The winter
1102 AMNIOTIC FLUID-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AS A MORE SUITABLE SOURCE OF HUMAN HEPATOCYTES
Authors: Y.B. Zheng, D.Y. Xie, C.S. Lin, S.B. Xie, B.L. Lin, L. Peng, Z.X. Zhao, Y.T. Chong, Z.L. Gao
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Bronchoalveolar lavage in pulmonary fibrosis: comparison of cells obtained with lung biopsy and clinical features
Authors: P L Haslam, C W G Turton, B Heard, A Lukoszek, J V Collins, A J Salsbury, M Turner-Warwick
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Bronchoalveolar lavage, open lung biopsy, and cell extraction from the biopsy material have been studied in 21 symptomatic patients with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (18 with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, fulfilling also the criteria for “usual interstitial pneumonia” (UIP), and three with rapidly progressive disease probably related to asbestos exposure). The total and differential cell counts between the three different samples have been compared as well as the influence on them of smoking and their correlation with steroid responsiveness and later progress. There was no correlation between semiquantitative scores of cell types observed within alveolar spaces and in alveolar walls and the differential or total cell counts obtained from extraction or lung lavage samples. There was, however, some correlation between differential counts obtained from lung lavage and extractions (neutrophils p&lt;0·02, eosinophils p&lt;0·07, lymphocytes p&lt;0·08) suggesting that lung lavage reflects the cellularity of the peripheral parts of the lung in patients without overt bronchial disease. Steroid responsiveness related to the percentage of lymphocytes found in extraction samples (p&lt;0·01) and was associated with a complementary fall in the percentage of macrophages (p&lt;0·02). There was no relationship between steroid response and the numbers of neutrophils or eosinophils in extracted samples. There was a trend towards increased numbers of lymphocytes in the lung wash in those patients responding to steroids. Those cases showing more rapid progression before starting treatment tended to have higher percentages of lymphocytes, neutrophils, or eosinophils in the lung lavage than more slowly deteriorating cases (p&lt;0·01). Follow-up studies showed that three cases having predominant lymphocytes in the lung lavage continued to do well while nine cases with predominant neutrophils or eosinophils or both showed a less satisfactory response to steroids and often deteriorated. Differential cell counts from biopsy extractions and lung lavage may give information additional to conventional light microscopy on the likelihood of steroid responsiveness as well as providing some measure of the activity of disease.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF USE OF KHELLIN IN TREATMENT OF ANGINA PECTORIS
Authors: Herbert N. Hultgren
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Khellin is a crystalline extract of a crude drug which has long been used in Egypt for the treatment of ureteral colic.1The pure crystals were independently isolated in 1930 by Fantl and Salem2and by Samaan.3Further studies of its chemical structure were made by Spaeth and Gruber4in 1941. Animal experiments later demonstrated that khellin is a coronary dilator with an action greater than that of aminophylline but not as great as that of amyl nitrite.5Khellin's duration of action is prolonged and it is relatively nontoxic and free from undesirable circulatory side-effects. These results prompted Anrep and his workers to use it clinically in patients with angina pectoris.5They found that the daily oral administration of khellin to 250 patients with mild to severe angina resulted in the complete cessation or a significant reduction in frequency and intensity of attacks in