tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune disease of the ovary induced by a ZP3 peptide from the mouse zona pellucida.
Authors: S H Rhim, S E Millar, F Robey, A M Luo, Y H Lou, T Yule, P Allen, J Dean, K S Tung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We describe a novel experimental system in mice for the study of ovarian autoimmune disease, a condition encountered in women with premature ovarian failure. The ovarian autoimmune disease is induced in B6AF1 mice by a 15-amino acid peptide (Cys-Ser-Asn-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser-Gln-Phe-Gln-Ile-His-Gly-Pro-Arg) from mouse ZP3, the sperm-binding component of the zona pellucida that surrounds growing and mature oocytes. Whereas the peptide induces both T cell and antibody responses, adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cell lines derived from affected animals causes oophoritis without observable antibodies to the zona pellucida peptide. The primacy of the T cell response in the pathogenesis of disease is further substantiated by defining oophoritogenic peptides as small as eight amino acids (Asn-Ser-Ser-Ser-Ser-Gln-Phe-Gln) that do not elicit an antibody response to the full-length ZP3 peptide. The identification of a well characterized peptide as a causative agent of autoimmune oophoritis should facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of this T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Because the proteins of the zona pellucida are conserved among mammals (the mouse and human ZP3 proteins are 67% identical), this murine model may lead to better understanding of the pathogenesis of human autoimmune oophoritis.
Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in US Adults and Associated Risk Factors, 1999-2002 and 2005-2008
Authors: Fang Ko, Susan Vitale, Chiu-Fang Chou, Mary Frances Cotch, Jinan Saaddine, David S. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Over the past decade, chronic illnesses with ophthalmic sequelae such as diabetes and diabetic retinopathy have increased.
NOTES ON ONE THOUSAND CASES OF INSTRUMENTAL LABOUR, WITH FOUR DEATHS, IN A COLLIERY PRACTICE
Authors: I. Crawford
Journal: BMJ (1910)

The etiologyof the present case is obscure, as there is no degree of inflammation about the Fallopian tube to prevent the entrance of the fertilized ovam to its lumen.Possibly over-activity of the latein body stimulated tropho- blastic formation and burrowing of the ovum before the latter had succeeded in obtaining access to the ostium abdominale by the peritubal peritoneal currents.In conclusion, my thanks are due to Mr. Lucas, Assistant Surgeon to the General Hospital Birmingham, for the specimen forming the subject of this paper; and to Dr.
Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy
Authors: WALTER L. HENRY, CHESTER E. CLARK, STEPHEN E. EPSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) is characterized by subaortic obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow. However, the obstruction is variable and many patients have no resting gradient and no clinical evidence of IHSS. Although a characteristic systolic movement of the anterior mitral valve leaflet can be demonstrated echocardiographically in many patients with IHSS, this may be absent in patients without obstruction under baseline conditions. Several necropsy studies of patients with IHSS have demonstrated that the ventricular septum characteristically is asymmetrically hypertrophied in relation to the posterior left ventricular wall. Since echocardiography can measure the thickness of the ventricular septum and the posterior LV free wall during life, we have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) in diagnosing IHSS. The ventricular septum and posterior LV free wall were measured in 15 patients with IHSS documented by catheterization, 11 patients with other forms of fixed LV outflow obstruction, 52 patients with miscellaneous forms of heart disease, and 16 normal subjects. The mean septal-free wall ratio in normal subjects was 1.03, in fixed LV outflow obstruction 1.03, in miscellaneous heart disease 1.03, while in IHSS it was 1.68. The ratio exceeded 1.3 in all 15 patients with IHSS (including seven patients without a gradient under baseline conditions), and it was less than 1.3 in 78 of 79 patients without IHSS. Thus ASH (1) can be diagnosed noninvasively, (2) appears specific for IHSS, and (3) is independent of the degree of obstruction. Moreover, since our findings indicate that the detection of ASH identifies the pathognomonic anatomic abnormality in IHSS and includes a wider spectrum of patients (i.e. those without obstruction as well as clinically normal family members of patients with IHSS), we suggest that a more appropriate term for this disease entity is asymmetric septal hypertrophy or ASH.
Need for physiatrists never greater than now
Authors: Kimberly Glasbrenner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

With more persons surviving illnesses and injuries once believed to be fatal, and with the entire population growing older and facing the possibility of chronic diseases that can be disabling, officials from the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chicago, say that the need for specialists in their field has never been greater. According to US Bureau of the Census statistics, there are nearly 26 million Americans between ages 18 and 64 years and 10 million Americans younger than 18 and older than 64 years who suffer from disabilities that hinder their ability to work and who may have required rehabilitation services at some point in their lives. Those figures stand in contrast to the academy's 1984 estimate of 2,212 board-certified "physiatrists" (physicians specializing in the diagnosis, care, and management of patients with physical disabilities) in the United States. Academy officials say that, although this number has increased slightly,
The 2014 Ebola Outbreak and Mental Health
Authors: James M. Shultz, Florence Baingana, Yuval Neria
Journal: JAMA (2014)

citingsymptomaticpatientsescap-ing from treatment units, families concealing sick rela-tives at home, preferential use of traditional healers,andphysicalcontactwithinfectiouscorpses.Neverthe-less, the Roadmap includes few recommendations toalleviate fear behaviors and address mental healthneedsinEbola-affectedcommunities.InWestAfrica,Ebolavirusdiseasearousesfearbe-haviors, in part because many have witnessed thegraphic hemorrhagic manifestations of those infectedandthebodiesofthosewhohavedied.Thecorpsesandbeddingofpatientswhohavediedposeinfectionhaz-ardstohealthcareworkersandfamilymembers.AsofDecember14,2014,649front-linehealthcareworkershavebecomeilland365havedied.
East Meets West in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer
Authors: David Cunningham, Yu Jo Chua
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of illness and death from cancer worldwide, with nearly a million new cases diagnosed each year and a 5-year survival rate of less than 20% among patients in most parts of the world other than Japan, where the rate is closer to 60%.1 Early dissemination of the disease through the lymphatic system, blood, and peritoneum has limited the ability of optimal surgery to cure, except in patients with relatively early tumors. The detection of early disease has remained elusive in Europe and North America, but there has been some success in the East, particularly . . .
Clinical Interpretation and Practice of Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Richard L. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (1982)

During the past several months there have been several excellent books published on oncology. This latest volume is nonetheless a welcome addition to those that have preceded it.<i>Clinical Interpretations and Practice of Cancer Chemotherapy</i>limits its approach to the drugrelated aspects of the treatment of cancer. Dr Greenspan's presence is strongly felt, as he authored or coauthored seven of the 31 chapters that make up the text. His approach emphasizes past clinical experience backed by a scientific background in explaining therapeutic decisions. At times one feels that one is standing at the bedside with Greenspan deliberating over a patient's treatment. The other authors are well known in their fields and perform their tasks admirably. Following Greenspan's historical introduction on cancer chemotherapy, chapters dealing with the basis of polychemotherapy, the molecular biology of the anticancer agents, the mathematical interpretation of tumor growth kinetics, the basis for adjuvant chemotherapy, and the
Academic boycotts of South Africans
Authors: A Seedat
Journal: BMJ (1987)

SIR,-On 1 December Dr Ribeiro, a general practitioner in South Africa, and his wife were shot dead in their home by armed men in disguise.Dr Ribeiro was well known in South Africa for his work on the torture of children by the South African police and army.Earlier this year Dr Ribeiro and his family had a miraculous escape after their home was attacked and destroyed by arsonists.The letter by a group of doctors
IgE cross‐reactivity between <i>Ascaris</i> and domestic mite allergens: the role of tropomyosin and the nematode polyprotein ABA‐1
Authors: N. Acevedo, J. Sánchez, A. Erler, D. Mercado, P. Briza, M. Kennedy, A. Fernandez, M. Gutierrez, K. Y. Chua, N. Cheong, S. Jiménez, L. Puerta, L. Caraballo
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Analysis of cross-reactivity between the nematode Ascaris ssp. and dust mites, two important allergen sources in the tropics, will contribute in understanding their influence on asthma and atopy. The objective of this study was to investigate immunoglobulin E (IgE) cross-reactivity between Ascaris and two domestic mites in the tropics.Sera from 24 asthmatic patients were used in ELISA and immunoblotting IgE-binding inhibition assays using Ascaris, Blomia tropicalis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extracts and the recombinants Blo t 10, ABA-1 and Blo t 13 as competitors. Identification of Ascaris allergens was confirmed by mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).We detected at least 12 human IgE-binding components in Ascaris extract. Blomia tropicalis and D. pteronyssinus inhibited 83.3% and 79% of IgE-binding to Ascaris, while Ascaris inhibited 58.3% and 79.3% to B. tropicalis and D. pteronyssinus respectively. Mite tropomyosin inhibited 85% of IgE-binding to Ascaris. Affinity-purified human IgE to rBlo t 10 identified an allergen of 40 kDa in Ascaris extract, further confirmed as tropomyosin by LC-MS/MS. We found no evidence of IgE cross-reactivity between rABA-1 and any allergen component in mite extracts, including rBlo t 13.There is cross-reactivity between Ascaris and mites, determined by several allergens including tropomyosin and glutathione-S-transferase. In addition to its potential impact on asthma pathogenesis, Ascaris infection and mite allergy diagnosis relying on the determination of specific IgE could be affected by this cross-reactivity. ABA-1 has no cross-reactive counterpart in mite extracts, suggesting its usefulness as a more specific marker of Ascaris infection.
Quantitative computed tomography assessment of lung structure and function in pulmonary emphysema
Authors: A. Madani, C. Keyzer, P.A. Gevenois
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Accurate diagnosis and quantification of pulmonary emphysema during life is important to understand the natural history of the disease, to assess the extent of the disease, and to evaluate and follow-up therapeutic interventions. Since pulmonary emphysema is defined through pathological criteria, new methods of diagnosis and quantification should be validated by comparisons against histological references. Recent studies have addressed the capability of computed tomography (CT) to quantify pulmonary emphysema accurately. The studies reviewed in this article have been based on CT scans obtained after deep inspiration or expiration, on subjective visual grading and on objective measurements of attenuation values. Especially dedicated software was used for this purpose, which provided numerical data, on both two- and three-dimensional approaches, and compared CT data with pulmonary function tests. More recently, fractal and textural analyses were applied to computed tomography scans to assess the presence, the extent, and the types of emphysema. Quantitative computed tomography has already been used in patient selection for surgical treatment of pulmonary emphysema and in pharmacotherapeutical trials. However, despite numerous and extensive studies, this technique has not yet been standardized and important questions about how best to use computed tomography for the quantification of pulmonary emphysema are still unsolved.
Self regulation is necessary in war on drugs
Authors: B. Trathen
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—In their editorial on why Britain's drug czar must not wage war on drugs Strang et al strongly advocate a pragmatic approach by the government to the national and international drug problem.1 In doing so they seem keen to protect the relative medical autonomy in treatment of addicts afforded by the “British system.”2 They call for a maintained emphasis on evidence based treatment, rehabilitation, and preventive strategies and quote the success of the needle and syringe exchanges, as well …
Abstract 3260: Allele-specific tumor spectrum in <i>Pten</i> knockin mice
Authors: Hui Wang, Matt Karikomi, Shan Naidu, Ravi Rajmohan, Enrico Caserta, Hui-Zi Chen, Maysoon Rawahneh, Julie Moffitt, Julie A. Stephens, Soledad A. Fernandez, Michael Weinstein, Krista La Perle, Paul Stromberg, Thomas J. Rosol, Charis Eng, Michael C. Ostrowski, Gustavo Leone
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Germline mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor cause Cowden and Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndromes, two dominantly inherited disorders characterized by mental retardation, multiple hamartomas and variable cancer risk. Here we modeled three sentinel mutant alleles of PTEN identified in Cowden patients and show that the nonsense PtenΔ4–5 and missense PtenC124R and PtenG129E alleles lacking lipid phosphatase activity cause similar developmental abnormalities but distinct tumor spectra with varying severity and age-of-onset. Allele-specific differences may be accounted by loss-of-function for Pten Δ4-5, hypomorphic function for PtenC124R and gain-of-function for PtenG129E. These data demonstrate that the variable tumor phenotypes observed in Cowden and Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome patients can be attributed to specific mutations in PTEN that alter protein function through distinct mechanisms. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3260.
Certification: Another Step for Geriatric Medicine
Authors: Christine K. Cassel
Journal: JAMA (1987)

On April 20, 1988, throughout the United States and Canada, the first certification examination in geriatric medicine will be administered. Those who pass will be awarded a certificate "of recognition of added competence" in geriatrics. This is a landmark event, for several diverse reasons. Geriatrics has emerged as a well-defined field of expertise. Since the now almost legendary Institute of Medicine committee, chaired by Paul Beeson, issued its report in 1979,<sup>1</sup>stating that there was clearly a distinct area of geriatric medicine that could be identified by its special body of knowledge and approach to patient care, there has been growing acceptance of that assertion. While at first many in academic medicine and community practice were skeptical, saying "I have been taking care of old people for years already," there is an increasing understanding of better ways to evaluate patients, establish the goals of treatment, and achieve those goals. The
Molecular Endocrinology and Physiology of the Aging Central Nervous System
Authors: Roy G. Smith, Lorena Betancourt, Yuxiang Sun
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2005)

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in physical and cognitive functions. The impact of age-dependent endocrine changes regulated by the central nervous system on the dynamics of neuronal behavior, neurodegeneration, cognition, biological rhythms, sexual behavior, and metabolism are reviewed. We also briefly review how functional deficits associated with increases in glucocorticoids and cytokines and declining production of sex steroids, GH, and IGF are likely exacerbated by age-dependent molecular misreading and alterations in components of signal transduction pathways and transcription factors.
Ionic currents in single cells from human cystic artery.
Authors: H I Akbarali, D G Wyse, W R Giles
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The patch-clamp technique was used to study the electrophysiological properties of single smooth muscle cells obtained from the human cystic artery. These cells contracted on exposure to high K+ and had a mean resting potential of -36 +/- 7 mV. Under current clamp, regenerative responses could not be elicited when depolarizing pulses were applied. Voltage-clamp measurements demonstrated that a large fraction of the outward current was inhibited by tetraethylammonium (5-10 mM) or Ca2+ channel blockers and that it was enhanced by increasing [Ca2+]o, suggesting that it is a Ca(2+)-activated K+ current. In addition, spontaneous transient outward currents that were sensitive to extracellular Ca2+ were observed in some cells. In cell-attached patch-clamp recordings, Ca(2+)-activated K+ channels that had a conductance of 117 pS were consistently identified. At negative potentials (approximately -60 mV), these single-channel events deactivated completely and very quickly, suggesting that they do not control the resting membrane potential in healthy cystic artery cells. Ca2+ currents that were recorded using Ba2+ (10 mM) as the charge carrier were enhanced by the dihydropyridine agonist, Bay K 8644, and blocked by nifedipine (0.1 microM). Only one type of Ca2+ current, the L-type, could be identified in these cells. These results demonstrate that the major ionic currents in the human cystic artery are similar to other mammalian arteries and indicate that this tissue will be a useful model for studying the metabolic and pharmacological modulation of ionic currents in human vascular smooth muscle.
Adult Immunizations 1994
Authors: Marie Griffin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 March 1995Adult Immunizations 1994Marie Griffin, Peter Gross, Pierce Gardner, F. Marc LaForce, William Schaffner, Theodore Eickhoff, and Raymond Strikas, Task Force on Adult ImmunizationMarie GriffinSearch for more papers by this author, Peter GrossSearch for more papers by this author, Pierce GardnerSearch for more papers by this author, F. Marc LaForceSearch for more papers by this author, William SchaffnerSearch for more papers by this author, Theodore EickhoffSearch for more papers by this author, and Raymond StrikasSearch for more papers by this author, Task Force on Adult ImmunizationSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-6-199503150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The Task Force on Adult Immunization has supported the broadening of indications for influenza vaccine and has specifically focused on improving immunization rates among adults. Our editorial on adult immunization introduced the third edition of the book Guide for Adult Immunization [1] in which details of specific recommendations for vaccination are presented. The first priorities for influenza immunization are the following: 1) all persons who are at increased risk for influenza-related complications [all persons 65 years or older and younger persons with high-risk conditions], as well as residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities; and 2) ...References1. American College of Physicians Task Force on Adult Immunization, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guide for Adult Immunization. 3d ed. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1994. Google Scholar2. Moser MR, Bender TR, Margolis HS, Noble GR, Kendal AP, Ritter DG. An outbreak of influenza aboard a commercial airline. Am J Epidemiology. 1979; 110:1-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1995Volume 122, Issue 6Page: 478KeywordsHealth care facilitiesHealth care providersLong-term careNursing homesSocial welfareVaccines Issue Published: 15 March 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The social environment compresses the diversity of genetic aberrations into the uniformity of schizophrenia manifestations
Authors: Ralf-Peter Behrendt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Genetically and neurodevelopmentally, there may be a thousand schizophrenias, yet there would be no schizophrenia at all without active contribution from all of us; none – outside the primitive processes that regulate our relationship with one another. In order to understand the nature of schizophrenia as it unfolds relatively uniformly in the social context, we need to depart from an evolutionarily more feasible understanding of society.
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COEXISTENCE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA (CARDIOHEPATIC SYNDROME) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Takashi Naito, Tadao Fujimoto, Kentaro Ozu, Takumi Kondo, Kaoruko Sengoku, Hironori Yamamoto, Tsutomu Kawai, Satoshi Takahashi, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
A HOSPITAL SIGNAL SYSTEM.
Authors: P. C. H. PAHL
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In October, 1904, I devised, for the Hospital of the Good Samaritan, a signal system for calling nurses to patients, which has the following advantages: Noiseless. There being no bells, the call is absolutely silent. Monitor board. This is in the office of the superintendent of nurses and enables this officer or her representatives to observe each call for the entire institution, thus making it possible to see at a glance the number of patients desiring the services of a nurse and the length of time elapsing before such call is answered. Lights in the corridors. These are placed above the door of each patient's room, making it possible for the nurse, if she happens to be in the vicinity, to observe and answer the call without having to go to the indicator in the nurse's room. Lights in the rooms. These are placed in such a manner that they may
The ozone paradox: Ozone is a strong oxidant as well as a medical drug
Authors: Velio Bocci, Emma Borrelli, Valter Travagli,, Iacopo Zanardi
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2009)

Abstract After five decades characterized by empiricism and several pitfalls, some of the basic mechanisms of action of ozone in pulmonary toxicology and in medicine have been clarified. The present knowledge allows to understand the prolonged inhalation of ozone can be very deleterious first for the lungs and successively for the whole organism. On the other hand, a small ozone dose well calibrated against the potent antioxidant capacity of blood can trigger several useful biochemical mechanisms and reactivate the antioxidant system. In detail, firstly ex vivo and second during the infusion of ozonated blood into the donor, the ozone therapy approach involves blood cells and the endothelium, which by transferring the ozone messengers to billions of cells will generate a therapeutic effect. Thus, in spite of a common prejudice, single ozone doses can be therapeutically used in selected human diseases without any toxicity or side effects. Moreover, the versatility and amplitude of beneficial effect of ozone applications have become evident in orthopedics, cutaneous, and mucosal infections as well as in dentistry. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev