tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Geriatric Evaluation Unit
Authors: L Z Rubenstein, K R Josephson, G D Wieland, P A English, J A Sayre, R L Kane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We randomly assigned frail elderly inpatients with a high probability of nursing-home placement to an innovative geriatric evaluation unit intended to provide improved diagnostic assessment, therapy, rehabilitation, and placement. Patients randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 63) and control (n = 60) groups were equivalent at entry. At one year, patients who had been assigned to the geriatric unit had much lower mortality than controls (23.8 vs. 48.3 per cent, P less than 0.005) and were less likely to have initially been discharged to a nursing home (12.7 vs. 30.0 per cent, P less than 0.05) or to have spent any time in nursing home during the follow-up period (26.9 vs. 46.7 per cent, P less than 0.05). The control-group patients had substantially more acute-care hospital days, nursing-home days, and acute-care hospital readmissions. Patients in the geriatric unit were significantly more likely to have improvement in functional status and morale than controls (P less than 0.05). Direct costs for institutional care were lower for the experimental group, especially after adjustment for survival. We conclude that geriatric evaluation units can provide substantial benefits at minimal cost for appropriate groups of elderly patients, over and above the benefits of traditional hospital approaches.
Germline<i>JAK2</i>Mutation in a Family with Hereditary Thrombocytosis
Authors: Adam J. Mead, Michelle J. Rugless, Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen, Anna Schuh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

In a family with a germline mutation in JAK2, thrombocytosis was noted in five family members carrying the mutation and not in family members without the mutation. Baseline colony formation was una...
LONG-TERM BENEFIT OF MYECTOMY AND ANTERIOR MITRAL LEAFLET EXTENSION IN OBSTRUCTIVE HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Pieter A. Vriesendorp, Arend Schinkel, Osama Soliman, Marcel Kofflard, Peter de Jong, Folkert Ten Cate, Michelle Michels
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Are Coordinately Expressed in the Alveolar Region in Chronic Interstitial Pneumonias and Granulomatous Diseases of the Lung
Authors: ESSI LAKARI, PAAVO PÄÄKKÖ, PETRA PIETARINEN-RUNTTI, VUOKKO L. KINNULA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Free radicals have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases, the most important of which are chronic interstitial pneumonias such as usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) and granulomatous lung diseases such as sarcoidosis. Because manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase are two important intracellular antioxidant enzymes that probably play a central role in lung defense, the localization and intensity of these two enzymes were assessed by immunohistochemistry in biopsies of UIP (n = 9), DIP (n = 11), pulmonary sarcoidosis (n = 14), and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (n = 6). The mRNA of these enzymes in selected samples of bronchoalveolar lavage was assessed by Northern blotting. Catalase, but not MnSOD, was constitutively expressed, especially in type II pneumocytes of the healthy lung of nonsmoking individuals. In contrast, manganese SOD immunoreactivity was markedly upregulated in all of the interstitial lung diseases investigated, whereas no increased expression of catalase could be detected in any case. Both enzymes were expressed, especially in type II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages of DIP and UIP, in the well-preserved areas of the lung, in the acute fibromyxoid lesions of UIP, and in the granulomas of sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis. The simultaneous expression of MnSOD and catalase in the alveolar region suggests their protective role against the progression of lung disease. Lakari E, Pääkkö P, Pietarinen-Runtti P, Kinnula VL. Manganese superoxide dismutase and catalase are coordinately expressed in the alveolar region in chronic interstitial pneumonias and granulomatous diseases of the lung.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Who had Negative 131I Whole-Body Scan at First Evaluation After Treatment
Authors: Luciana Souza Cruz Caminha, Denise Prado Momesso, Fernanda Vaisman, Rossana Corbo, Mario Vaisman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The evaluation of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is commonly based on serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement and 131I whole-body scan (WBS). The first follow-up (6-12 months after initial treatment) shows the response to therapy, a prognostic factor.The aims of the study were to describe the clinical outcome during a long-term follow-up of patients with negative 131I WBS in the first evaluation, and to assess clinical and histological characteristics related to the outcome in this patient population.This retrospective study reviewed data from 209 patients followed at 2 Brazilian hospitals. A minimum of 10 years of follow-up was required.During mean follow-up of 13.7 ± 4.2 years, 20% of patients developed recurrence. At the end of follow-up, 21% of patients had persistent disease. The clinical and histological characteristics related to adverse outcomes (recurrence or persistent disease) were lymph node metastases at diagnosis, high risk according to American Thyroid Association (ATA) classification, and incomplete response to treatment. Stimulated Tg levels (under thyroid hormone withdrawal) and basal Tg levels (with thyroid hormone) greater than 10 ng/mL at first evaluation were associated with an adverse outcome.Negative WBS at first evaluation should not be used as an isolated prognostic factor. This must be considered together with histopathological (ATA classification, lymph node metastases) and clinical/laboratory characteristics (stimulated and basal Tg; response to therapy).
540 VALIDATION OF A PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR CHRONIC RENAL DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: M. Giusto, M. Berenguer, V. Aguilera, A. Rubin, F. Gentili, C. Merkel, C. Lucidi, S. Ginanni Corradini, M. Rossi, M. Prieto, M. Merli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
NARRATION
Authors: D L McAninch
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
796 CD127LOW HCV-SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T CELL HYPOREACTIVITY DURING PERSISTENT INFECTION DEPENDS ON MCL-1/BIM RATIO
Authors: J.R. Larrubia, M.U. Lokhande, T. Parra-Cid, J. Miquel, S. García-Garzón, A. González-Praetorious, E. Sanz-de-Villalobos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Hoist by their own petard: The constraints of hierarchical models
Authors: B. Vereijken, H. T. A. Whiting
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

In the context of the motor skill literature on observational learning and hierarchical skill structuring, Byrne &amp; Russon's findings call into question their standpoint that great apes imitate the behaviour of role models at the programme level. The authors impose a hierarchical model on their observations without properly considering alternative explanations. One such possibility, which stems from a constraints perspective that they dismiss, is put forward.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;The Court Jester Stanczyk (1480-1560) Receives News of the Loss of Smolensk (1514), During a Ball at Queen Bona's Court&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Populational equilibrium through exosome-mediated Wnt signaling in tumor progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Raphael Koch, Martin Demant, Thiha Aung, Nina Diering, Anna Cicholas, Bjoern Chapuy, Dirk Wenzel, Marlen Lahmann, Annemarie Güntsch, Christina Kiecke, Sabrina Becker, Timo Hupfeld, Vivek Venkataramani, Marita Ziepert, Lennart Opitz, Wolfram Klapper, Lorenz Trümper, Gerald G. Wulf
Journal: Blood (2014)
Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Valvotomy and the New Demographics of Mitral Stenosis
Authors: John D. Carroll
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —This review discusses the latest developments in selected clinical features and catheter-based therapy of mitral stenosis. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —English-language journal articles and reviews in the clinical and epidemiological literature as related to mitral valve stenosis from 1965 through March 1993, identified by bibliography review and expert consultation. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Selected studies included clinical trials with adequate patient population description and short- and long-term (5 years) follow-up for topics related to mitral valve stenosis in the clinical literature. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —Two reviewers participated in extracting the data with the aim of presenting a balanced and comprehensive review of the subject. <h3>Data Synthesis and Conclusions.</h3> —The main conclusions are (1) mitral stenosis should no longer be viewed as a largely "geriatric disease" in the United States due to a recent inflow many young immigrants from countries where rheumatic fever continues partially or wholly unabated; (2) clinical and anatomical features of mitral stenosis are age-dependent; when clinical presentation occurs at 30 vs 70 years of age, for example, the degree of valve obstruction may be similar but differences exist in the frequency of atrial fibrillation, the magnitude of reduction in cardiac output, the degree of valve deformity and calcification, and the frequency of coexistent coronary artery disease; and (3) mitral stenosis therapy has undergone a reorientation with the introduction of percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy, which has proven to be safe, cost-effective, and to provide short- and long-term improvements in symptomatic and hemodynamic status in selected patients. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1731-1736)
The core polypeptide of cystic fibrosis tracheal mucin contains a tandem repeat structure. Evidence for a common mucin in airway and gastrointestinal tissue.
Authors: C Gerard, R L Eddy, T B Shows
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

A cystic fibrosis trachea cDNA library was constructed and probed with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a consensus sequence recently identified in human intestinal mucin. One of the isolated clones, AMN-22, has been characterized extensively. The cDNA sequence of this 884-bp fragment was determined, and revealed a tandem repeat structure rich in threonine and proline residues. The repeating sequence of AMN-22 was similar but not identical to that determined for gut mucin. When examined by Northern analysis, the mRNA hybridizing to AMN-22 is extremely polydisperse in cystic fibrosis (CF) trachea, with apparent message length varying from approximately 2 kb to greater than 10 kb. A similar pattern was observed, with less abundant message, in CF bronchiectatic lung parenchyma. The lung cDNA hybridized to a similarly polydisperse message in ulcerative colitis colon RNA, but did not hybridize to control RNA from U937 lymphoma cells or stomach RNA. Pedigree analysis of restriction digests of genomic DNA revealed a pattern indicating a single polymorphic locus for the mucin gene expressed in the lung and the intestine. Southern analyses of human:mouse somatic cell hybrid cell lines allow a chromosomal localization for the mucin gene to human chromosome II, within the region 11p13-11pTer. Taken together, these data demonstrate that a polymorphic gene encodes a mucin core polypeptide expressed in both lung and intestine.
The estimation of sinoatrial conduction time in rabbit heart by the constant atrial pacing technique.
Authors: A O Grant, G Kirkorian, D G Benditt, H C Strauss
Journal: Circulation (1979)

This study compared estimates of sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) obtained by constant atrial pacing (CAP) and premature atrial stimulation (PAS) with measured SACT in isolated rabbit right atrial preparations. Transmembrane potentials and surface electrograms were recorded from the sinus node and crista terminalis, respectively. The crista terminalis was paced 5, 10 and 15 beats/min faster than the spontaneous sinus rate with a train of eight pulses. Estimate of SACT by CAP was taken as the difference between the first atrial return cycle and the mean spontaneous cycle length. SACTs at 5, 10 and 15 beats/min faster were 76 +/- 10, 86 +/- 10 and 96 +/- 10 msec (mean +/- SEM; n = 12), respectively; correlation coefficients with the true SACT were 0.7, 0.54 and 0.4. Consecutive determinations of SACT by PAS and CAP in the same preparation (n = 6) at 10 beats/min faster gave SACTs of 86 +/- 13 and 79 +/- 14 msec, respectively, compared with true SACTs of 79 +/- 10 msec. Shortening of sinus node action potential, depression of automaticity and shifts in the site of the primary pacemaker contributed to the errors in both techniques. Estimation of SACT by CAP may be further complicated by failure of sinus node capture. Principles to minimize some of these errors are also presented.
Social Marketing: Application to Medical Education
Authors: Sean P. David, David S. Greer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical education is often a frustrating endeavor, particularly when it attempts to change practice behavior. Traditional lecture-based educational methods are limited in their ability to sustain concentration and interest and to promote learner adherence to best-practice guidelines. Marketing techniques have been very effective in changing consumer behavior and physician behavior. However, the techniques of social marketing—goal identification, audience segmentation, and market research—have not been harnessed and applied to medical education. Social marketing can be applied to medical education in the effort to go beyond inoculation of learners with information and actually change behaviors. The tremendous potential of social marketing for medical education should be pilot-tested and systematically evaluated.
175 IMPACT OF TIGHT GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE: RESULTS OF A SINGLE-CENTRE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: W. Laleman, A. Moonen, C. Verslype, P. Meersseman, F. Nevens, G. Van den Berghe, A. Wilmer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A difficult case of atopic eczema
Authors: G. L. Garrett, J. B. Davies, P. T. Fiandeiro, C. H. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 56 year old retired administrator was referred to the dermatology department for a second opinion on the management of lifelong atopic dermatitis. She had been applying 1% hydrocortisone cream to her face and betamethasone valerate ointment to her body twice daily for 10 years. She also had allergic asthma, which had been controlled with beclomethasone dipropionate inhaler 400 μg twice daily for 11 years, and she had been prescribed 12 courses of oral prednisolone (average dose 30 mg daily for five days) for flare-ups of both eczema and asthma. On examination she had generalised atopic dermatitis as well as facial telangiectasias and plethora, truncal obesity, and striae in the axillary folds and groins with cutaneous atrophy and spontaneous bruising. Investigations showed a baseline cortisol of 9 nmol/L (reference range 171-536 nmol/L at 7 am to 9 am) and an undetectable baseline adrenocorticotrophic hormone of <5 pmol/L (<46 pmol/L at 9 am), with a peak cortisol of 137 nmol/L after 60 minutes of 250 µg intravenous tetracosactide (synacthen) (expected result ≥500 nmol/L). Impaired glucose tolerance and osteopenia were also diagnosed (spinal dual energy x ray absorptiometry T score −1.9). Azathioprine, an immunosuppressant and steroid sparing agent, was started and endocrinology input resulted in a programme of slow steroid weaning. Although her eczema improved, she developed weakness, hypotension, and diarrhoea, which limited her daily activities.
Benign familial thrombocytosis
Authors: Eliot C. Williams, Nassrolah T. Shahidi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract A 13‐year‐old girl was found to have a platelet count in excess of 4 million/μl while being evaluated for a minor bleeding episode. Her father and two sisters also had thrombocytosis. All four affected patients were asymptomatic and had no clinical or laboratory evidence of a myeloproliferative disorder other than an elevated platelet count. This represents the second reported instance of benign familial thrombocytosis.
737 POLYMORPHISMS NEAR THE IL28B GENE ARE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH RESPONSE TO PEGINTERFERON IN HBeAg-NEGATIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS
Authors: W.P. Brouwer, P. Arends, V. Rijckborst, M.J. ter Borg, Y. Cakaloglu, P. Ferenci, F. Tabak, M. Akdogan, K. Simon, M. Raptopoulou-Gigi, N. Örmeci, U.S. Akarca, R. Flisiak, B. Hansen, A. Boonstra, H.L.A. Janssen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Outcome of 3 year surveillance colonoscopy in patients with intermediate risk adenomas: analysis of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme National Database
Authors: D. Majumdar, T. J. Lee, C. Nickerson, J. Patnick, M. D. Rutter
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) commenced in England in August 2006. Patients are offered colonoscopy if they have a positive FOB test. If a patient is found to have 3 to 4 small (&lt;10 mm) adenomas or 1 to 2 adenomas of which at least one is 10 mm or greater in size, they are defined as being at 'intermediate risk' of having advanced adenomas or cancer in the future.1 Such patients are offered a surveillance colonoscopy three years after their screening colonoscopy.2 <h3>Methods</h3> The aim of the study was to assess the findings at, and hence appropriateness of 3-year surveillance colonoscopy for intermediate risk patients. Data regarding each patient entering the screening programme is contemporaneously recorded on the National BCSP database. The database was interrogated for individuals who underwent screening colonoscopy between August 2006 and September 2007 and who were classified as intermediate risk. Details of the endoscopic and histological findings at 3-year surveillance colonoscopy were ascertained. Findings at surveillance colonoscopy were classified according to the BSG Adenoma surveillance guidelines. Patients with incomplete datasets were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> 352 patients underwent 3-year surveillance colonoscopy. This accounts for 10.3% of all patients undergoing screening colonoscopy in that time period. The mean age of patients was 67.1 years. 243/352 (69.0%) were male. At 3-year surveillance, 13 patients (3.7%) were categorized as high risk, 42 (11.9%) intermediate risk, 86 (24.4%) low risk and 202 (57.3%) had normal colonoscopies (i.e., no adenomas detected). No cancers were detected. 9 (2.6%) had incomplete data. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Approximately 40% of intermediate risk patients had one or more adenomas detected. A small proportion of individuals undergoing 3-year surveillance colonoscopy have multiple or large adenomas. In this group, no surveillance cancers were detected. Although the number of individuals in this study is relatively small, these data suggest that the 3-year interval for surveillance may be unnecessary for many intermediate risk individuals. Further work on larger datasets may help identify individuals at high risk of having advanced adenoma at surveillance. This may allow the criteria for determining surveillance interval to be refined.
Associations and interactions of genetic polymorphisms in innate immunity genes with early viral infections and susceptibility to asthma and asthma-related phenotypes
Authors: Denise Daley, Julie E. Park, Jian-Qing He, Jin Yan, Loubna Akhabir, Dorota Stefanowicz, Allan B. Becker, Moira Chan-Yeung, Yohan Bossé, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, Alan L. James, Arthur W. Musk, Catherine Laprise, Richard G. Hegele, Peter D. Paré, Andrew J. Sandford
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
TCT-418 Confirmation of the Prognostic Capability of the SYNTAX Score-II Among 1,528 Patients who Underwent Left Main PCI
Authors: Philippe Genereux, Bo Xu, Yuejin Yang, Liang Xu, Shubin Qiao, Yongjian Wu, Hongbing Yan, Yelin Zhao, Martin Leon, Runlin Gao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Incarcerated Diaphragmatic Hernia of the Colon Occurring during Pregnancy
Authors: William Hobbins, Carlyle Hurwitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

INTESTINAL obstruction during pregnancy is a rare occurrence. Bemis,1 in 1932, reported 2 cases in 15,000 obstetric patients at the Women's Hospital in New York. Four years later Casagrande2 reported 2 cases among 11,247 pregnancies at the Brooklyn Hospital. In 1941 Barone et al.3 reported 5 cases among 45,000 deliveries at the Magee Hospital in Pittsburgh.Intestinal obstruction due to an incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia is even rarer during pregnancy. Bourgeois,4 in 1949, reported a case of incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia in which, after a vaginal cesarean section at the thirty-ninth week, a spontaneous cure occurred. He reviewed the literature and found . . .