tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Current Status of Gene Therapy in Asia
Authors: Sunyoung Kim, Zhaohui Peng, Yasufumi Kaneda
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Asian countries, in particular China, Japan, and Korea, have been aggressively researching and developing gene medicines over the last 15 years or so. In China, an adenovirus expressing p53 was approved for commercial use in the year 2003, and has been on the actual market since then, becoming the world's first commercial gene-based drug. In Japan and Korea, many interesting scientific discoveries have been made, and industrially valuable technologies have been developed. It is particularly noteworthy to see that in these countries, gene therapy has been very keenly nurtured in relation with industrial and financial sectors. Despite remarkable progresses made in Asia, however, their activities have not been visibly noticed by many scientists in the US and European countries. This article briefly reviews key features of the past achievements and recent progresses made in three Asian countries.
429 IMPACT OF TREATMENT ON INJECTING DRUG USE BEHAVIORS DURING RECENT HCV INFECTION: THE ATAHC STUDY
Authors: J. Grebely, M. Alavi, P. Haber, C. Day, G.V. Matthews, I. van Beek, N. Walsh, B. Yeung, K. Petoumenos, K. Dolan, T. Spelman, J.M. Kaldor, G.J. Dore, M. Hellard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Modulation of allergic response in nasal mucosa by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides for IL-4
Authors: Pierre-Olivier Fiset, Abdelilah Soussi-Gounni, Pota Christodoulopoulos, Meri Tulic, Steven E. Sobol, Saul Frenkiel, François Lavigne, Bouchaib Lamkhioued, Qutayba Hamid
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Detection and partial purification of melanoma-associated antigen
Authors: M.J. Embleton, M.R. Price
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Detection and partial purification of melanoma‐associated antigen Get access M.J. Embleton, M.J. Embleton Cancer Research Campaign Laboratories, University of Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.R. Price M.R. Price Cancer Research Campaign Laboratories, University of Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue s16, 1 December 1978, Page 19, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb15215.x Published: 01 December 1978
PRODUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOMYELITIS IN RABBITS BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: R. H. S. Thompson, R. J. Dubos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1938)

1. The conditions under which a certain strain of staphylococcus (OH 172) causes in rabbits the development of bone inflammation have been described. 2. The virulence of the strain for rabbits was markedly raised by passage through this animal species, and especially after the culture had been recovered from a bone abscess. 3. The results indicate that it is possible to produce consistently inflammation of the bones of rabbits by the mere intravenous injection of a suitable strain of staphylococcus, without resorting to any elaborate operative technique designed to localize the organisms in the bones. It appears also that the inflammatory process so produced bears a close resemblance to staphylococcal osteomyelitis as occurring in human beings.
Smoking may prevent pouchitis in patients with restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis.
Authors: M N Merrett, N Mortensen, M Kettlewell, D O Jewell
Journal: Gut (1996)

Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) in non-smokers and particularly recent ex-smokers. Patients with UC have an increased risk of pouchitis following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, which may be a manifestation of the original disease susceptibility. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that smoking habit may influence the incidence of pouchitis. All patients with a functioning pouch > or = 12 months at one centre were assessed. Patients were excluded if (a) the original indication was not UC (n = 5), (b) the excised pouch showed histology diagnostic of Crohn's disease (n = 2), and (c) data were inadequate (n = 4). Smoking data were collected by questionnaire, or direct interview, or both. Ex-smokers were those who had stopped smoking < 7 years before colectomy. Non-smokers included ex-smokers who had stopped > 7 years before colectomy. Pouchitis was defined as an increase in stool frequency > 8/day with acute inflammation on biopsy specimen histology. Each presentation requiring treatment was regarded as an episode. For comparison smoking habit was assessed with regard to three other adverse outcomes - haemorrhage, sepsis, and pouch excision. Of 72 non-smokers (mean follow up 3.5 years) 18 had 46 episodes of pouchitis. Of 12 ex-smokers (mean follow up 3.3 years) four patients have had 14 episodes of pouchitis. Only one smoker from 17 has had a single episode of pouchitis. This shows that smokers have significantly less episodes of pouchitis compared with non-smokers (p = 0.0005) and ex-smokers (p = 0.05). There was no association of smoking habit with other adverse outcomes.
Comparison of the Accuracy of Shear Wave Elastography and Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse in Determining Liver Fibrosis Among Patients With Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Jo-Anne V. Bisnar, Juliet L. Gopez-Cervantes, Joseph C. Bocobo, Ian Homer Y. Cua, Wilfredo Polido
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Management of severely brittle diabetes by continuous subcutaneous and intramuscular insulin infusions: evidence for a defect in subcutaneous insulin absorption.
Authors: J C Pickup, P D Home, R W Bilous, H Keen, K G Alberti
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Severely brittle diabetes is defined as a rare subtype of insulin-dependent diabetes with wide, fast, unpredictable, and inexplicable swings in blood glucose concentration, often culminating in ketoacidosis or hypoglycaemic coma. To assess the role of inappropriate type, amount, or timing of insulin treatment and the route of administration as a cause of severe brittleness six patients with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, which provides a high degree of optimisation of dosage with exogenous insulin in stable diabetics. The glycaemic control achieved during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was compared with that during continuous intramuscular insulin infusion. Six patients with non-brittle diabetes were also treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. These patients achieved the expected improvement in glycaemic control (mean +/- SD plasma glucose concentration 5.1 +/- 2.3 mmol/l (92 +/- 41 mg/100 ml)), but not the patients with brittle diabetes remained uncontrolled with continuous subcutaneous infusion (13.6 +/- 5.8 mmol/1 (245 +/- 105 mg/100 ml) compared with 10.3 +/- 4.1 mmol/l (186 +/- 74 mg/100 ml) during treatment with optimised conventional subcutaneous injections). During continuous intramuscular infusion, however, glycaemic control in five of the patients with brittle diabetes was significantly improved (7.7 +/- 2.6 mmol/l (139 +/- 47 mg/100 ml). The remaining patient with brittle diabetes, previously safely controlled only with continuous intravenous insulin, did not respond to continuous intramuscular infusion. It is concluded that in five of the six patients with brittle diabetes studied here impaired or irregular absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous site played a more important part in their hyperlability than inappropriate injection strategies. This absorption defect was presumably bypassed by the intramuscular route.
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma with IgA multiple myeloma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Elizabeth A. Valentine, Kenneth W. Zamkoff, Henry D. Friedman, Barbara W. Streeten
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract The association between necrobiotic xanthogranuloma of the dermis and paraproteinemia and/or B‐cell malignancy is best described in the ophthalmologic literature. We report a case which occurred in the eyelid and orbit of a 64 year old man that led to the diagnosis of an IgA multiple myeloma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an IgA type paraproteinemia and IgA type multiple myeloma associated with necrobiotic xanthogranuloma.
US tells African governments to stop supplying international family planning group
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A recent decision by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to force African governments to cease providing contraceptive items to maternal health organisations partnered with the charity Marie Stopes International has caused widespread outrage. Critics of the agency’s decision are concerned that it will increase numbers of unintended pregnancies and force women into unsafe abortions.

The instruction, issued by Kent Hill, USAID’s assistant administrator for global health, said the action was necessary because Marie Stopes International works with the Chinese government, whom the US State Department accuses of “coercive abortion and involuntary sterilisations.”

Dana Hovig, chief executive of Marie Stopes International, protested strongly against the …
TNF-α contributes to the development of allergic rhinitis in mice
Authors: Masao Iwasaki, Kuniaki Saito, Masao Takemura, Kenji Sekikawa, Hidehiko Fujii, Yasuhiro Yamada, Hisayasu Wada, Keisuke Mizuta, Mitsuru Seishima, Yatsuji Ito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Scientists Revel in New Research Tool: An Online Index of Cancer Genes
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1997)

WHEN CANCER researchers of the future look back on the end of this decade, they may see it as a turning point in their chosen field, when a marriage of genetics, technology, and computer science made it possible to probe the disease's molecular roots in a manner previously unimaginable. An ambitious endeavor developed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Library of Medicine's National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), the recently launched Cancer Genome Anatomy Project (CGAP) seeks to compile no less than a complete index of genes expressed in the development of cancer. This mother lode of information, free for the asking at the CGAP Web site (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ncicgap) with a few clicks of a computer mouse, will enable cancer researchers to sort through vast quantities of biomedical information, from the genetic sequences of fragments of genes, whose complete identity and function are unknown, to genetic databases
Use of a wrist activity monitor for the measurement of nocturnal scratching in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: T. Ebata, S. Iwasaki, R. Kamide, M. Niimura
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

The amount of nocturnal scratching can be an indirect correlate of itch in pruritic dermatoses. We have previously used an infrared video camera to measure nocturnal scratching in atopic dermatitis (AD). Although this is a reliable method of measuring nocturnal scratching, it is not suitable for routine monitoring in clinical use.To find a simplified way of monitoring itch.We tried using a wrist activity monitor (ActiTrac) for the measurement of nocturnal scratching in patients with AD. ActiTrac is a wristwatch-shaped device that contains a piezoceramic sensor to measure and record limb movement over a pre-set time interval. The acceleration signal produced by motion of the hands is stored and downloaded into a personal computer. The average value of acceleration (AVA, 10(-3) g min(-1)) was calculated and compared with total scratching time as a percentage of total recording time (TST%) measured with the use of an infrared video camera in 63 recordings of 21 patients with AD. For 261 recordings in 29 patients with AD, the AVA was measured and correlated with disease severity, and compared with the AVA of five non-itchy controls.There was a significant correlation between the AVA and TST% (r = 0.91, P < 0.001), and a regression equation of y = 0.44x - 2.5 was obtained. The AVA correlated well with the severity of AD and definitely differed from the results observed in normal controls. The AVA (mean +/- SD) was 44.4 +/- 19.1 for 115 recordings in patients with severe AD, 23.2 +/- 10.9 for 89 recordings in patients with moderate AD, 8.9 +/- 6.0 for 57 recordings in patients with mild AD and 4.1 +/- 1.9 for 25 recordings in five normal controls. The units used here are arbitrary units min-1 with a range of 0--250, which corresponds to 0-75 x 10(-6) g min(-1).A wrist activity monitor is able to measure nocturnal scratching. However, further methods of analysis should be sought to select scratching activity exclusively.
The Treatment of Patients with Symptomatic Common Bile Duct Stenosis Secondary to Chronic Pancreatitis Using Partially Covered Metal Stents: A Pilot Study
Authors: P. Cantù, L. C. Hookey, A. Morales, O. Le Moine, J. Devière
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Although surgery remains the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic common bile duct stenosis associated with chronic pancreatitis, plastic and self-expandable open-mesh stents have been proposed as alternative treatments. These may dysfunction, however, mainly due to stent occlusion by clogging or by hyperplasia of inflammatory tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and long-term results of using partially covered metal stents in this setting.A total of 14 patients (12 men, 2 women; mean age 50 +/- 3 years) underwent partially covered metal stent insertion for common bile duct stenosis secondary to chronic pancreatitis (12 alcohol-related, two idiopathic). They had all been treated previously with plastic prostheses.Either a 40-mm (n = 13) or a 60-mm (n = 1) partially covered metal stent was placed, depending on the length of the common bile duct stenosis and the level of the cystic duct bifurcation. Stent placement was successful, with resolution of cholangitis and improvement in cholestasis, in all patients. During the median follow-up period of 22 months (range 12 - 33 months) seven patients developed dysfunction of the stent and required re-treatment. At 12, 24, and 30 months, the stent patency rates were 100 %, 40 %, and 37.5 % respectively.While partially covered metal stenting is safe and effective for the initial treatment of chronic pancreatitis-associated common bile duct stenosis and shows promising short-term results, long-term data show that dysfunction occurs in 50 % of cases. In light of the continued interest in nonsurgical treatment of this condition, further research is warranted to investigate new stent designs with improved long-term patency.
Healthcare in South Sudan is jeopardised by attacks on hospitals
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Improvement in health coverage in the world’s newest nation is being jeopardised by rising insecurity, including attacks on three hospitals in the past week.

When South Sudan became independent in July 2011, it had some of the world’s worst health indicators, including the highest rates of maternal and infant mortality.1 Only one in four people had access to health facilities, so …
Breathlessness and anxiety.
Authors: H B McNamee
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Nasal Cancer in the Shoe Industry SIR,-In our article on "Nasal Cancer in the Northamptonshire Boot and Shoe Industry" (14 February, p. 385) we were unable to give estimates of incidence within the industry because we lacked comprehensive information on the numbers of men employed in the different departments.We have since received from the British Foot- wear Manufacturers' Federation national figures relating to 1949-61 inclusive giving the numbers of operatives in each sex employed in the various departments.The figures include the numbers of men and women employed in clicking, closing, pressing, lasting, finishing, and shoe room departments.In making the calculations in the Table the figures for 1949-61 have been averaged and the proportions applied to the Northamptonshire industry.If the cases of Adenocarcinoma Other Carcinomas All Carcinomas
Loss-of-Function Mutations in<i>APOC3</i>and Risk of Ischemic Vascular Disease
Authors: Anders Berg Jørgensen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

High plasma levels of nonfasting triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. Whether lifelong low levels of nonfasting triglycerides owing to mutations in the gene encoding apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) are associated with a reduced risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease in the general population is unknown.Using data from 75,725 participants in two general-population studies, we first tested whether low levels of nonfasting triglycerides were associated with reduced risks of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease. Second, we tested whether loss-of-function mutations in APOC3, which were associated with reduced levels of nonfasting triglycerides, were also associated with reduced risks of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease. During follow-up, ischemic vascular disease developed in 10,797 participants, and ischemic heart disease developed in 7557 of these 10,797 participants.Participants with nonfasting triglyceride levels of less than 1.00 mmol per liter (90 mg per deciliter) had a significantly lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than those with levels of 4.00 mmol per liter (350 mg per deciliter) or more (hazard ratio for ischemic vascular disease, 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.54; hazard ratio for ischemic heart disease, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.52). Heterozygosity for loss-of-function mutations in APOC3, as compared with no APOC3 mutations, was associated with a mean reduction in nonfasting triglyceride levels of 44% (P<0.001). The cumulative incidences of ischemic vascular disease and ischemic heart disease were reduced in heterozygotes as compared with noncarriers of APOC3 mutations (P=0.009 and P=0.05, respectively), with corresponding risk reductions of 41% (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.86; P=0.007) and 36% (hazard ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.99; P=0.04).Loss-of-function mutations in APOC3 were associated with low levels of triglycerides and a reduced risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease. (Funded by the European Union and others.).
TCT-499 Comparable outcomes on single use of clopidogrel vs. dual antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Jun-Hyok Oh, Kwang Soo Cha, Dae-sung Lee, Han Cheol Lee, Hye Won Lee, Taek Jong Hong, Donghun Shin, Jung Hyun Choi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Principles of Family Medicine
Authors: Lawrence L. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In a relatively short period of time, the concept of family practice has matured into that of family medicine. This can be seen not only in the book under review but also in the fields of medical education and medical "delivery." Physicians and medical students, the public and the government, are becoming increasingly aware of the desirability and practicality of a well-trained, well-educated, humanistic primary physician who can bring entire families into the health care system. At one time a physician had to memorize overwhelming masses of unrelated minutiae to be knowledgeable in a special area in depth. Today, previously unrelated and isolated details are now systematized; family medicine is a means for applying this large mass of medical expertise. Rakel's book demonstrates that there is a specific segment of knowledge easily and operationally classifiable as family medicine. As with the traditional specialties, the broad new specialty of family medicine
Effect of inspiratory flow rate on bronchomotor tone in normal and asthmatic subjects.
Authors: W Hida, M Arai, C Shindoh, Y N Liu, H Sasaki, T Takishima
Journal: Thorax (1984)

The effect of the inspiratory flow rate during deep inspiration on the regulation of bronchomotor tone was studied in nine normal and 22 asthmatic subjects. Changes in bronchial tone were assessed by respiratory resistance measured by an oscillation method. In normal subjects with bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine a rapid deep inspiration reduced respiratory resistance more than a slow deep inspiration. Asthmatic subjects with spontaneous airway narrowing showed an increase in respiratory resistance after deep inspiration that was greater after rapid than after slow deep inspiration. On the other hand, in asthmatics with methacholine induced bronchoconstriction, bronchodilatation occurred after deep inspiration and this was also greater after rapid than after slow deep inspiration. Lignocaine inhalation attenuated both bronchoconstriction and bronchodilatation induced by both slow and rapid deep inspiration. These results suggest that the effects of deep inspiration are mediated at least in part via receptors in the airways. It is suggested that in asthmatic patients with spontaneous bronchoconstriction irritant receptor activity will be increased in proportion to the speed of inspiration. After methacholine induced bronchoconstriction stretch receptor activity is likely to behave in a similar fashion, leading to an opposite effect.
THE EFFECT OF CONVULSIVE TREATMENT ON MEMORY
Authors: IRENE SHERMAN, JOHN MERGENER, DAVID LEVITIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1941)

Ten patients, nine classified as schizophrenic and one as manic-depressive, were given standard and other memory tests before, during and after a full course of from ten to sixteen grand mal convulsions induced electrically in four instances and chemically in six. The tests were given one day before treatment was begun, the day following the fifth or sixth treatment, and at the end of the course of treatment. The induced grand mal seizures had no significant effect upon immediate or recent memory as tested by standard and other memory tests.
Effect of warfarin on arterial thrombogenesis: Problems of monitoring
Authors: Iren B. Kovacs, M. Murphy, E. Barin, G. M. Rees
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Platelet reactivity to shear stress and collagen and dynamic overall coagulation were measured in vitro from nonanticoagulated blood of 137 patients on warfarin. One hundred five matched, healthy subjects served as controls. Platelet reactivity to both stimuli and contribution of platelets to plasmatic coagulation were significantly inhibited in patients on warfarin. No correlation was found between platelet reactivity and the coagulation status assessed by the international normalized prothrombin time ratio (INR). Despite similar INR, platelet reactivity showed great individual variation. In 98 patients who were followed up for 3 months, measurement of platelet reactivity to shear stress could discriminate between those who had either bleeding or thromboembolic episodes. These findings suggest that monitored platelet function would help in individualizing oral anticoagulant regimens and hence would increase the benefit of therapy without the risk of bleeding complications. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The B7 family member B7-H3 preferentially down-regulates T helper type 1–mediated immune responses
Authors: Woong-Kyung Suh, Beata U Gajewska, Hitoshi Okada, Matthew A Gronski, Edward M Bertram, Wojciech Dawicki, Gordon S Duncan, Jacob Bukczynski, Suzanne Plyte, Andrew Elia, Andrew Wakeham, Annick Itie, Stephen Chung, Joan Da Costa, Sudha Arya, Tom Horan, Pauline Campbell, Kevin Gaida, Pamela S Ohashi, Tania H Watts, Steven K Yoshinaga, Mark R Bray, Manel Jordana, Tak W Mak
Journal: Nature Immunology (2003)