tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deletion of Alu sequences in the fifth c-sis intron in individuals with meningiomas.
Authors: M Smidt, I Kirsch, L Ratner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

An abnormality in the c-sis protooncogene was identified in leukocyte DNA from members of a family predisposed to the development of meningioma, and was found to be associated with the development of the tumor in those individuals. Molecular analysis of this abnormality demonstrated a deletion within the fifth intron of the c-sis gene. The normal c-sis gene has an Alu sequence in this region which includes two perfect 130 nucleotide repeated sequences separated by 5 bp. The deleted c-sis allele is missing precisely one copy of the 130 bp repeat and the intervening 5 bp. An identical deletion was also found in DNA from 1 of 13 sporadic meningiomas.
<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>in a Peripheral-Blood Smear
Authors: M Edelman, J Mckitrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Figure 1 A 45-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with night sweats, fatigue, cachexia, and a productive cough. He had a fever (temperature, 40°C), tachycardia (heart rate, 136 per minute), a leukocyte count of 2.5×103 per cubic millimeter, and hypotension (blood pressure, 90/50 mm Hg). A chest x-ray film revealed an infiltrate in the right lower lobe. A peripheral-blood smear (Wright's stain, ×1000) obtained on admission showed a monocyte with a grossly distorted nucleus and numerous intracellular yeast-like organisms 2 to 4 μm in diameter with eccentric chromatin. The organisms were surrounded by an artifactual pseudocapsule caused by cytoplasmic shrinkage. These features are diagnostic of Histoplasma capsulatum. Of 200 neutrophils or monocytes examined, 26 (13 percent) contained these organisms, and the intracellular burden ranged from 1 to 20 organisms. H. capsulatum was isolated from cultures of blood obtained on admission. The patient was treated with amphotericin B, but his condition deteriorated and he died of septic shock two weeks later. H. capsulatum is acquired by the inhalation of conidia or mycelial fragments. Reactivation of a latent infection is possible and may explain the occurrence of histoplasmosis in this patient, who was originally from Alabama, an area in which the fungus is endemic. Figure 1 A 45-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with night sweats, fatigue, cachexia, and a productive cough. He had a fever (temperature, 40°C), tachycardia (heart rate, 136 per minute), a leukocyte count of 2.5×103 per cubic millimeter, and hypotension (blood pressure, 90/50 mm Hg). A chest x-ray film revealed an infiltrate in the right lower lobe. A peripheral-blood smear (Wright's stain, ×1000) obtained on admission showed a monocyte with a grossly distorted nucleus and numerous intracellular yeast-like organisms 2 to 4 μm in diameter with eccentric chromatin. The organisms were surrounded by an artifactual pseudocapsule caused by cytoplasmic shrinkage. These features are diagnostic of Histoplasma capsulatum. Of 200 neutrophils or monocytes examined, 26 (13 percent) contained these organisms, and the intracellular burden ranged from 1 to 20 organisms. H. capsulatum was isolated from cultures of blood obtained on admission. The patient was treated with amphotericin B, but his condition deteriorated and he died of septic shock two weeks later. H. capsulatum is acquired by the inhalation of conidia or mycelial fragments. Reactivation of a latent infection is possible and may explain the occurrence of histoplasmosis in this patient, who was originally from Alabama, an area in which the fungus is endemic. M. Edelman, M.B., B.Ch.J. Mckitrick, Ph.D.Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467
Genetic Link to Heart Disease
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CASE OF EXTREME LATERAL CURVATURE OF THE SPINE, OF MORE THAN FIFTEEN YEARS' DURATION
Authors: S. Hare
Journal: BMJ (1853)

Tiylor, in the second edition of his valuable *a%ua of Medica Jur4p nd, thus rmaks on the fung: "Most of tihe naotic irritant poisons, just onsidered, owe their deleterious effects to the presence of an alloidal pniple similar to morphia, and susceptible of ition by complex chemical proceses.There is, however, con- siderable difficulty in extracting these alkaloids from the rpective vegetables; and when extracted, the chemical differences among them, in respect to the action of tests, are so slight, as to be scarcely appreciable, even in the hands of a practised analyst."The few conclusions, therefore, which it is in my power to offer with regard to this subject, are very insignificant; and are derived more fronm physiological observation than from chemical inquiries.However, they had better be stated.i.The narcotic principle is given off freely during the Mortlake, May 1853.
Glucose Intolerance and Diabetes Are Observed in the Long-Term Follow-Up of Nonpancreatectomized Patients With Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy Due to Mutations in the <i>ABCC8</i> Gene
Authors: Miquel Gussinyer, María Clemente, Rocio Cebrián, Diego Yeste, Marian Albisu, Antonio Carrascosa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

OBJECTIVE—To report the long-term follow-up of three nonpancreatectomized patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy due to mutations in the ABCC8 gene. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and venous 24-h glucose-insulin profile were performed yearly from adolescence. RESULTS—Patient 1 (now aged 31 years) developed insulin-dependent diabetes at the age of 25 years. In patient 2 (now aged 17 years), impaired fasting glucose and a diabetic OGTT response with normal A1C values have been observed since the age of 10 years. In patient 3 (now aged 24 years), intolerant OGTT response and hyperglycemic episodes with normal A1C have been observed since the age of 16 years. All patients presented relatively low insulin levels during hyperglycemia, normal BMI, and negative autoantibodies (GAD antibody, insulinoma-associated protein 2, and islet cell antibody). CONCLUSIONS—Development of glucose metabolism impairment ranging from glucose intolerance to insulin-dependent diabetes is observed in the evolution of these patients.
Generation of human memory stem T cells after haploidentical T-replete hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Nicoletta Cieri, Giacomo Oliveira, Raffaella Greco, Mattia Forcato, Cristian Taccioli, Beatrice Cianciotti, Veronica Valtolina, Maddalena Noviello, Luca Vago, Attilio Bondanza, Francesca Lunghi, Sarah Marktel, Laura Bellio, Claudio Bordignon, Silvio Bicciato, Jacopo Peccatori, Fabio Ciceri, Chiara Bonini
Journal: Blood (2015)
P2-087: Elevated levels of thioredoxin (Trx) in serum correlate with poor outcome in docetaxel (doc)/cisplatin (cis)-treated stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: Miguel A. Molina, Ramon de las Peñas, Vicente Alberola, Ana Blasco, Guillermo López-Vivanco, Marta L. Brea, José-Luis González-Larriba, Fernanda Salazar, José L. Ramírez, Rafael Rosell
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Headache and tumours in children.
Authors: I R Sanderson
Journal: BMJ (1982)

upper gastrointestinal endoscopy are to enable the examination to be carried out safely and comfortably and to ensure adequate amnesia so that the frequent necessity of repeat endoscopy is never unacceptable to the patient.It seems unnecessary to perform neuroticism inventories, which in any case are not predictive of unfavourable or violent reactions, when safe and simple agents are almost always efficacious.ROGER JONES Andover, Hants JP10 3LI)Elderly patients in a general surgical unit: do they block beds?
Insight into bile duct differentiation takes (notched) wings
Authors: A. S. Knisely, Nelson B. Freimer
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by intrahepatic cholestasis and abnormalities of heart, eye and vertebrae, as well as a characteristic facial appearance.Identification of rare AGS patients with cytogenetic deletions has allowed mapping of the gene to 20p12.We have generated a cloned contig of the critical region and used fluorescent in situ hybridization on cells from patients with submicroscopic deletions to narrow the candidate region to only 250 kb.Within this region we identified JAG1, the human homologue of rat Jagged1, which encodes a ligand for the Notch receptor.Cell-cell Jagged/Notch interactions are known to be critical for determination of cell fates in early development, making this an attractive candidate gene for a developmental disorder in humans.Determining the complete exon-intron structure of JAG1 allowed detailed mutational analysis of DNA samples from non-deletion AGS patients, revealing three frame-shift mutations, two splice donor mutations and one mutation abolishing RNA expression from the altered allele.We conclude that AGS is caused by haploinsufficiency of JAG1.
Sanofi is investigated for allegedly bribing doctors in China
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Sanofi, the largest French drug manufacturer, has been drawn into growing anti-bribery investigations in China after a newspaper there published a whistleblower’s claims that it had paid 1.6m yuan (£169 000; €197 000; $261 000) to more than 500 doctors at 79 hospitals in 2007.

Sanofi said in a statement that it took the claims very seriously and was committed to collaborating with the Chinese authorities. “It would be premature to comment on events that may or may not have occurred in 2007,” the statement added.

The reports say the payments were described as research grants and were …
Antidepressant Use in Patients Prescribed β-Blockers
Authors: Samuel J. Mann
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the recent article, "Increased Antidepressant Use in Patients Prescribed β-blockers,"<sup>1</sup>the authors point out an association between β-blockers use and the use of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). The authors based their study on numbers crunched out from computerized Medicaid prescription data. After reading this study, I wish to condemn its findings. The authors stated that 10% of study subjects were receiving TCAs at some point during the two-year period studied. Tricyclic antidepressants were taken by 11% of all hypertensive persons, by 10% of hypertensive persons taking methyldopa, by 10% of hypertensive persons taking reserpine, by 15% of patients taking hydralazine or hypoglycemic agents, and by 17% of patients taking hydrochlorothiazide. In contrast, tricyclic antidepressants were taken by 23% of patients taking β-blockers. The author suggests that this shows that β-blockers may frequently cause depression. I offer the following criticisms: (1) The temporal relationship between TCA use
Aspirin-Induced Ultrastructural Changes in Human Gastric Mucosa
Authors: WILLIAM N. BASKIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Aspirin breaks the gastric mucosal barrier. We studied the effect of aspirin on this barrier, correlating changes in potential difference and ultrastructure. Mean control potential difference for seven subjects was -48 +/- 1.0 mV. Oral aspirin, 600 mg in 100 ml of saline, reduced potential difference to -39 +/- 1.4 mV (P less than 0.001) within 10 minutes. Gastric biopsies were taken during control, aspirin- instillation, and recovery periods. Damage was present in all biopsies after aspirin. Light microscopy showed focal cell disruption, loss of mucous granules, and apical membrane rupture. Transmission electron microscopy showed intact tight junctions. Scanning electron microscopy showed loss of normal cobblestone cell apices, giving a honeycombed surface. Ten minutes after aspirin, 25% of surface epithelial cells were damaged. Marked recovery was noted at 1 hr, with a normal potential difference and only 9% cell damage. We conclude that single "routine" doses of aspirin cause focal damage to normal human gastric mucosa.
How to lose friends and alienate people
Authors: J. Shapiro, D. Colin-Thome, A. Mulla
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Why are the NHS reforms causing so much unrest as to threaten complete paralysis?

Although the current NHS reforms in England have been developing over the past 20 years,1 their strategic direction has been consistent and inexorable. Three basic elements have emerged: the separation of provision from procurement (to try to reduce the acute sector’s supply-side pressures on demand); the consequent introduction of some degree of contestability to further reduce complacency among providing organisations; and the devolution of decision making as closely to the patient interface as possible to increase clinicians’ sense of personal involvement in making these decisions.

Naturally, the mechanisms have changed and evolved, but the underlying principles of the reforms have managed to weather changes in government, in health secretaries, and in financial circumstances. Indeed, those same principles have underpinned health service reform internationally. So, at first glance, it may seem surprising that the current reforms are causing enough unrest to threaten them with complete paralysis or, worse, with becoming so distorted by realpolitik that their well established momentum is lost completely. Why has this happened, and what can be done about it?

There are probably only two (albeit significant) key issues of contention where the substance of the changes is concerned:

There is no definitive answer to the first, but there are lessons to be drawn from both common sense and experience drawn from other sectors. Common sense tells us that although it is probably necessary to take small risks to engender innovation, it would be foolish to endanger any service whose consequent failure would threaten the viability of the …
TRICUSPID REGURGITATION DURATION CORRELATES CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING-DERIVED RIGHT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Jaewon Oh, Tae-Young Choi, Geu-Ru Hong, Dae-Hee Shin, So-Yeon Choi, jung hyun choi, Hyuk-Jae Chang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Journal apologises for publishing author's work without permission
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Twenty years after editorial behaviour that has been described by one observer as “absolutely outrageous,” the journal at the heart of the affair has apologised to the doctors concerned.

In 1983 Dr Jon Tyson and colleagues, from the department of paediatrics at the University of Texas, published an analysis of the quality of therapeutic trials in perinatal medicine in the Journal of Pediatrics. 

The authors concluded that the papers they looked at were …
Dietary juniper berry oil minimizes hepatic reperfusion injury in the rat
Authors: Shannon M. Jones, Zhi Zhong, Nobuyuki Enomoto, Peter Schemmer, Ronald G. Thurman
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Juniper berry oil is rich in 5,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid similar to one found in fish oil, yet less prone to peroxidation. Dietary fish oil treatment has been shown to effectively reduce reperfusion injury; therefore, the effects of a diet containing juniper berry oil on hepatic reperfusion injury in a low-flow, reflow reperfusion model were investigated in the rat. Rats were fed semisynthetic diets containing either juniper berry oil, fish oil, or corn oil for 14 to 16 days. Daily food consumption averaged around 20 g/d in both the control and treatment groups; average daily weight gain was around 4 g per 100 g rat weight in all three groups studied, and there were no significant differences in these parameters. Livers were initially perfused at low-flow rates to induce pericentral hypoxia followed by a 40-minute reperfusion period. Peak lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release during reflow averaged 44 U/g/h in the corn oil group and 32 U/g/h in the fish oil group, but was only 21 U/g/h as a result of juniper berry oil treatment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an end-product of lipid peroxidation, reached a maximum value of 62 nmol/g/h in the corn oil group, but only reached 43 nmol/g/h and 34 nmol/g/h in the fish oil and juniper berry oil groups, respectively. Both juniper berry oil and fish oil treatment improved rates of bile flow from 25 μL/g/h (corn oil) to 36 and 38 μL/g/h, respectively. Importantly, juniper berry oil reduced cell death in pericentral regions of the liver lobule by 75%. Trypan blue distribution time, an indicator of the hepatic microcirculation, was reduced by approximately 25% with fish oil and over 50% by juniper berry oil diets compared with corn oil controls. The rates of entry of fluorescein-dextran, a dye confined to the vascular space, were increased 1.8- and 2.6-fold, and rates of outflow were increased 4.4- and 4.3-fold by fish oil and juniper berry oil, respectively, also reflecting improved microcirculation. Juniper berry oil also blunted increases in intracellular calcium and release of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) by cultured Kupffer cells stimulated by endotoxin. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that feeding a diet containing juniper berry oil reduces reperfusion injury by inhibiting activation of Kupffer cells, thus reducing vasoactive eicosanoid release and improving the hepatic microcirculation in livers undergoing oxidant stress.
Effect of Calcium Concentration on the Transmembrane Potentials of Purkinje Fibers
Authors: JOHN V. TEMTE, LARRY D. DAVIS
Journal: Circulation Research (1967)

The effects of variation in calcium concentration on the action potential of Purkinje fibers isolated from the dog heart were studied. Action potentials recorded during perfusion with Tyrode solution containing 2.7 mM calcium chloride were compared with those recorded during subsequent perfusion with solutions containing 0.675 (1/4X), 1.35 (1/2X), 5.4 (2X), or 10.8 (4X) mM calcium chloride. In both 1/2X and 1/4X solutions, the time required to repolarize to minus 60 mv and the duration of the action potential were increased. There were significant decreases in the slopes of phases 2 and 3 and the terminal phase of repolarization, while the slope of phase 1 increased. In 2X or 4X solutions, repolarization was speeded mainly by an earlier onset of phase 3. As a result the time to repolarize to minus 60 mv and the duration of the action potential were decreased significantly. The slope of phase 1 decreased significantly in 4X solution. In both high calcium solutions the rate and magnitude of diastolic depolarization increased. It was shown that the rate of the calcium-enhanced diastolic depolarization was dependent on the stimulus rate. The possible role of these changes in transmembrane potential in causing the ventricular arrhythmias following CaCl 2 infusion in intact animals is discussed.
Vinorelbine, methotrexate and fluorouracil (VMF) as first-line therapy in metastatic breast cancer: significance of the time between initiation of adjuvant therapy and of therapy for metastatic breast cancer
Authors: B. Isik, K. Altundag
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2003)

We read with interest the article concerning the results of vinorelbine, methotrexate and fluorouracil (VMF) as first line therapy in metastatic breast cancer in the May, 2003 issue of the Annals of Oncology [1.Elomaa I. Joensuu H. Blomqvist C. Vinorelbine, methotrexate and fluorouracil (VMF) as first line therapy in metastatic breast cancer: a randomised phase II trial.Ann Oncol. 2003; 14: 699-703Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar]. The study showed that vinorelbine in divided doses (group 1 and group 2) was better tolerated and more efficacious when given once in 3-week cycles. Although responses were not significantly different between the groups, patients in group 1 and group 2 showed better responses than the patients in group 3. This difference may be explained in at least two ways. One is that a higher percentage of patients in group 3 had received CMF regimen as an adjuvant treatment that may lead to the drug resistance. Secondly, the authors did not give the time between initiation of adjuvant treatment and diagnosis and initiation of treatment for metastatic disease, which may affect the response and tolerability of VMF regimen.
Cerebral blood flow I
Authors: J. Berré, D. De Backer, J. J. Moraine, C. Mélot, J. L. Vincent, R. J. Kahn, C. S. De Deyne, J. I. Poelaert, J. M. Decruyenaere, B. de Hemptinne, F. A. Colardyn, S. Midgley, N. M. Dearden, J. D. Miller, N. Stocchetti, M. Barbagallo, G. C. Bellini, A. Vezzani, P. Zuccoli, F. Murillo-Cabezas, J. M. Dominguez-Roldan, A. Muñoz-Sanchez, J. L. Santamaria-Mifsut, F. Porras
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
AORTIC DISSECTION IN THE ELDERLY: COMPARING SEPTUAGENARIANS AND OCTOGENARIANS
Authors: Justin Jabara, Mark Peterson, Santi Trimarchi, Truls Myrmel, T. Brett Reece, Eduardo Bossone, Stuart Hutchison, Dan Gilon, Jehangir Appoo, Marco Di Eusanio, Daniel Montgomery, Eric Isselbacher, Christoph Nienaber, Kim Eagle, Himanshu Patel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Lupus Cystitis: Primary Bladder Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: RUTH W. ORTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Clinical and radiographic findings of cystitis are reported in six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. All patients had clinical manifestations of cystitis; radiography showed the bladder capacities were reduced and the bladder walls were thickened and irregular. Ureterohydronephrosis was found in some patients. Abnormal clinical and roentgenographic findings were reversed with high-dose corticosteroid therapy. These patients had concomitant widespread multisystem manifestations, especially of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. No explanation for the bladder findings could be found other than lupus erythematosus. Urinary bladder involvement may be a primary manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus, sometimes overshadowed by other major organ system disease. Corticosteroids appear to reverse most of the acute manifestations but the long-term prognosis is not known and may not be favorable.