tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crystallochemical characteristics of the inorganic phase of human calcific aortic valvar stenosis
Authors: D. W FOREMAN, P. K FULKERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

To determine the elemental composition of the mineral deposits found in human calcific aortic valvar stenosis and to verify by x ray diffraction crystal class previously reported by electron diffraction 138 quantitative energy dispersive analyses and x ray diffraction of pooled specimens were performed on samples of aortic valves excised from 12 patients. The principal components of the calcified portions of the valves were 38.15% calcium and 17.68% phosphorus. The weight percentage calcium to phosphorus ratio was 2.16 and an elemental distribution related to the simplest ideal unit cell formulation Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 was determined as: (Ca0.952Mg0.044Na0.097K0.005)10 (P0.952S0.025C0.023)6O23.96(Cl0.0184O0. 982H)2. The hexagonal unit cell was found to have an a axis of 9.424 A(0.9424 nm); c axis of 6.787 A(0.6787 nm); volume of 522 A3(0.522 nm3); and density of 3.2 g.cm-3. On the bases of the composition, the axial dimensions, and the density the material was classified as the dahllite form of apatite. There was no evidence of crystalline cholesterol. Variations in elemental composition showed no significant correlation with age or sex of the patient; statistically, neither the cusp involved nor the location on the leaflet affected the mineral composition.
Relationship of HLA-DQ8 and severity of celiac disease: Comparison of New York and Parisian cohorts
Authors: T JOHNSON, B DIAMOND, L MEMEO, H NEGULESCU, Z HOVHANISSYAN, V VERKARRE, H ROTTERDAM, A FASANO, S CAILLATZUCMAN, E GROSDIDIER
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2004)
Serum aminotransferase activity and mortality risk in a United States community
Authors: Tae Hoon Lee, Ray W. Kim, Joanne T. Benson, Terry M. Therneau, Joseph L. Melton
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Serum aminotransferase [such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] is commonly used as an indicator of liver disease. The aim of the study was to determine the degree to which aminotransferase results are associated with increased mortality at the population level. All adult residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, who had a health care encounter at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, in 1995 were identified and their AST or ALT results extracted from a laboratory database. These subjects were followed forward from January 1995 to April 2006 and their survival determined. To exclude patients with abnormal results because of a terminal illness, deaths within the first 2 years were excluded. The main outcome measure was survival. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated, based on Minnesota White death rates. During 1995, AST was measured at least once in 18,401 community residents, of whom 2,350 (13%) had results greater than the upper limit of normal (ULN). Of 6,823 subjects who had their ALT measured, 911 (13%) had results higher than ULN. Abnormal AST was associated with a significantly increased SMR (1.32 for 1-2x ULN and 1.78 for >2x ULN). SMR was also higher for abnormal ALT (SMR = 1.21 for 1-2x ULN and 1.51 for >2x ULN). In contrast, normal AST or ALT was associated with a risk of death lower than expected (SMR 0.95 for AST, 0.61 for ALT).Serum levels of AST and ALT obtained in a routine medical care setting are associated with future mortality in community residents.
ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: Written assessment
Authors: L. W T Schuwirth
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Lambert W T Schuwirth is assistant professor and Cees P M van der Vleuten is professor and chair in the department of educational development and research at the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands.



The ABC of learning and teaching in medicine is edited by Peter Cantillon, senior lecturer in medical informatics and medical education, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland; Linda Hutchinson, director of education and workforce development and consultant paediatrician, University Hospital Lewisham; and Diana F Wood, deputy dean for education and consultant endocrinologist, Barts and the London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London. The series will be published as a book in late spring.
Persistence Pays Off in Guinea Worm Fight
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
[166] RIGHT PORTAL VEIN LIGATION IS AS EFFECTIVE AS PORTAL VEIN EMBOLIZATION TO INDUCE HYPERTROPHY OF THE LEFT LIVER REMNANT
Authors: B. Aussilhou, M. Lesurtel, S. Dokmak, R. Kianmanesh, O. Farges, A. Sauvanet, A. Sibert, V. Vilgrain, J. Belghiti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Estimated rate of thromboxane secretion into the circulation of normal humans.
Authors: C Patrono, G Ciabattoni, F Pugliese, A Pierucci, I A Blair, G A FitzGerald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We have measured the excretion of a major urinary metabolite of thromboxane B2 (TxB2), i.e., 2,3-dinor-TxB2, during the infusion of exogenous TxB2 over a 50-fold dose range to enable estimation of the rate entry of endogenous TxB2 into the bloodstream. Four healthy male volunteers received 6-h i.v. infusions of venhicle alone and TxB2 at 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 ng/kg X min in random order. They were pretreated with aspirin at a dose of 325 mg/d in order to suppress endogenous TxB2 production. Urinary 2,3-dinor-TxB2 was measured before, during, and up to 24 h after the infusions and in aspirin-free periods, by means of radioimmunoassay. The nature of the extracted immunoreactivity was characterized by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by negative ion-chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Aspirin treatment suppressed urinary 2,3-dinor-TxB2 excretion by 80%. The fractional elimination of 2,3-dinor-TxB2 was independent of the rate of TxB2 infusion and averaged 5.3 +/- 0.8%. Interpolation of metabolite values obtained in aspirin-free periods onto the linear relationship between the quantities of infused TxB2 and the amount of metabolite excreted in excess of control values (y = 0.0066x, r = 0.975, P less than 0.001) permitted calculation of the mean rate of entry of endogenous TxB2 into the circulation as 0.11 ng/kg X min. The rate of disappearance of immunoreactive TxB2 from the circulation was monoexponential over the first 10 min with an apparent half-life of 7 min. This corresponded to a maximal estimate of the plasma concentration of endogenous TxB2 of 2.0 pg/ml. These results suggest that ex vivo platelet activation and/or analytical problems confound estimates of endogenous thromboxane release based on plasma TxB2 and provide a rationale for seeking longer-lived enzymatic metabolites of TxB2 in plasma.
Message from the President of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: P. A. Poole-Wilson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Message from the President of the European Society of Cardiology Get access Philip A. Poole-Wilson Philip A. Poole-Wilson President of the European Society of Cardiology Dept. of Cardiac Medicine National Heart and Lung Institute Dovehouse Street London SW3 6LY, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 3, September 1995, Page 316, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)90136-1 Published: 01 September 1995
Diabetes and Ocular Disease: Past, Present, and Future Therapies
Authors: Walter M. Jay
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Papal policy, poverty, and AIDS.
Authors: D Morley
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Papal "pronouncements" have been a major cause of the Philippines' increasing poverty, and of its failure to promote the only method proved to limit the spread of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Kenya has a growth rate of 3-4% and will double its population in 17 years. The UK has an average family size of 1.8 children. This is due to contraceptive usage. The poor lack knowledge and funds to ignore the rulings of the Catholic Church. Families will have 7 or more children without access to modern contraceptives. The Philippine elite are 90% Catholic, and disregard church policy and use contraceptives. Therefore, they have small families. Abortion is widely used in Latin America. It is the leading cause of death of women aged 15-39. The Philippines is industrializing rapidly; businessmen, however, do not see a future in producing condoms here. Widespread availability of condoms would limit the spread of AIDS. Mainly surveys show that in 1989 only 5 to 10/1000 prostitutes were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Other Asian countries have shown large increases in HIV infection occurrence in 2-3 years. Pope John Paul has been telling young people in Burkina Faso that they "must face the plagues of modern times." He did not identify these plaques. However, Monsignore Carlo Cafara, dean of John Paul II's Institute for Marriage and Family Studies at the Vatican, told a recent conference that when 1 partner of a married couple is positive for AIDS, it is preferable to risk catching the AIDS virus than to use condoms. St. Paul would have approved the use of modern contraceptive methods.
Association between postpartum thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies and depression.
Authors: B. Harris, S. Othman, J. A. Davies, G. J. Weppner, C. J. Richards, R. G. Newcombe, J. H. Lazarus, A. B. Parkes, R. Hall, D. I. Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To define the relation between mood and autoimmune thyroid dysfunction during the eight months after delivery. DESIGN--Double blind comparison of the psychiatric status of women positive and negative for thyroid antibodies. Clinical examination and blood sampling for free triiodothyronine and thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, and thyroid antibody concentrations at four weekly intervals. Psychiatric assessment at six, eight, 12, 20, and 28 weeks post partum. SETTING--Outpatient department of district hospital. PATIENTS--145 antibody positive women and 229 antibody negative women delivering between August 1987 and December 1989. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Thyroid status. Number of cases of mental ill health by the general health questionnaire, research diagnostic criteria, Hamilton 17 item depression scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. RESULTS--Six weeks after delivery the general health questionnaire showed 62 (43%) antibody positive women and 65 (28%) antibody negative women had mental ill health (chi 2 = 8.18, p less than 0.005). Follow up of 110 antibody positive and 132 antibody negative women showed significantly greater depression by research diagnostic criteria in antibody positive women (47%) than antibody negative women (32%) regardless of thyroid dysfunction. Antibody positive women showed higher mean scores for depression on the Hamilton (6.01 v 3.89, p = 0.0002), Edinburgh (7.45 v 5.92, p = 0.031), and hospital depression scales (4.95 v 3.79, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION--Depressive symptoms are associated with positive thyroid antibody status in the postpartum period.
Angiotensin II activates the Smad pathway during epithelial mesenchymal transdifferentiation
Authors: Gisselle Carvajal, Juan Rodríguez-Vita, Raquel Rodrigues-Díez, Elsa Sánchez-López, Mónica Rupérez, Cecile Cartier, Vanesa Esteban, Alberto Ortiz, Jesús Egido, Sergio A. Mezzano, Marta Ruiz-Ortega
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Abstract 11398: Risk Stratification in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Associated Desmosomal Mutation Carriers
Authors: Aditya Bhonsale, Cynthia A James, Crystal Tichnell, Brittney Murray, Srinivasa Madhavan, Binu Philips Philips, Stuart D Russell, Theodore Abraham, Harikrishna Tandri, Daniel P Judge, Hugh Calkins
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: We investigated the role of phenotypic characteristics in stratifying the risk of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in patients harboring Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Card...
British Photodermatology Group Workshop. Predictive in vitro methods for identifying photosensitizing drugs: a report
Authors: C. ARLETT, L. EARL, J. FERGUSON, N. GIBBS, J. HAWK, L. HENDERSON, B. JOHNSON, W. LOVELL, H.DU P. MENAGÉ, S. NAVARATNAM, C. PROBY, S. STEER, A. YOUNG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)
Intraprostatic Capsaicin Injection as a Novel Model for Nonbacterial Prostatitis and Effects of Botulinum Toxin A
Authors: Yao-Chi Chuang, Naoki Yoshimura, Moya Wu, Chao-Cheng Huang, Po-Hui Chiang, Pradeep Tyagi, Michael B. Chancellor
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Ras Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Protein 4 (RasgrP4) Dependent Pathways and Genes that Reversibly Control the Development, Phenotype, and Function of Human Mast Cells (MCs)
Authors: G.P. Katsoulotos, K. Tanaka, T.J. Molloy, R.L. Stevens, S.A. Krilis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
ABCB5 Identifies a Therapy-Refractory Tumor Cell Population in Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Brian J. Wilson, Tobias Schatton, Qian Zhan, Martin Gasser, Jie Ma, Karim R. Saab, Robin Schanche, Ana-Maria Waaga-Gasser, Jason S. Gold, Qin Huang, George F. Murphy, Markus H. Frank, Natasha Y. Frank
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Identification and reversal of treatment resistance mechanisms of clinically refractory tumor cells is critical for successful cancer therapy. Here we show that ATP-binding cassette member B5 (ABCB5) identifies therapy-refractory tumor cells in colorectal cancer patients following fluorouracil (5-FU)–based chemoradiation therapy and provide evidence for a functional role of ABCB5 in colorectal cancer 5-FU resistance. Examination of human colon and colorectal cancer specimens revealed ABCB5 to be expressed only on rare cells within healthy intestinal tissue, whereas clinical colorectal cancers exhibited substantially increased levels of ABCB5 expression. Analysis of successive, patient-matched biopsy specimens obtained prior to and following neoadjuvant 5-FU–based chemoradiation therapy in a series of colorectal cancer patients revealed markedly enhanced abundance of ABCB5-positive tumor cells when residual disease was detected. Consistent with this finding, the ABCB5-expressing tumor cell population was also treatment refractory and exhibited resistance to 5-FU–induced apoptosis in a colorectal cancer xenograft model of 5-FU monotherapy. Mechanistically, short hairpin RNA–mediated ABCB5 knockdown significantly inhibited tumorigenic xenograft growth and sensitized colorectal cancer cells to 5-FU–induced cell killing. Our results identify ABCB5 as a novel molecular marker of therapy-refractory tumor cells in colorectal cancer patients and point to a need for consistent eradication of ABCB5-positive resistant tumor cell populations for more effective colorectal cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 71(15); 5307–16. ©2011 AACR.
Helicobacter pylori genetic diversity and risk of human disease
Authors: Martin J. Blaser, Douglas E. Berg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Microbes residing on a mucosal surface may communicate in complex ways with their neighboring host tissue. Signals derived from a bacterium may include metabolites or specific host-directed substances such as secreted toxins, or they may result from direct contact with host cells. Conversely, certain host activities or responses may be considered as signals to the microbe, including production of molecules that can be used by the microbe as substrates, release of defense molecules (e.g., antibodies, defensins, mucus), or organ-specific physiologic traits, including peristalsis and acid secretion in the stomach. In the case of Helicobacter pylori, a common resident of the human stomach, these bidirectional signals appear to have coevolved over long periods such that, in most cases, carriage of H. pylori is, if not mutually beneficial, at least well tolerated by the human host. Here, we examine the relationship of H. pylori and humans in the context of these diverse signals.
A cationic vaccine adjuvant based on a saturated quaternary ammonium lipid have different in vivo distribution kinetics and display a distinct CD4 T cell-inducing capacity compared to its unsaturated analog
Authors: Dennis Christensen, Malou Henriksen-Lacey, Arun T. Kamath, Thomas Lindenstrøm, Karen S. Korsholm, Jan P. Christensen, Anne-Francoise Rochat, Paul-Henri Lambert, Peter Andersen, Claire-Anne Siegrist, Yvonne Perrie, Else Marie Agger
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Chlamydia pneumoniae) accelerates the formation of complex atherosclerotic lesions in Apo E3-Leiden mice
Authors: R EZZAHIRI, H NELISSENVRANCKEN, H KURVERS, F STASSEN, I VLIEGEN, G GRAULS, M VANPUL, P KITSLAAR, C BRUGGEMAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory process and is characterised by the presence of T-lymphocytes in the lesions. To study the role of Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) in this process and the effect of infection on T-cell influx, we infected Apo E3-Leiden mice with C. pneumoniae and investigated the effect on lesion development and T-cell influx in atherosclerotic lesions at different time points post infection (pi).Nine week old mice, fed an atherogenic diet, were either mock-infected or infected with C. pneumoniae and sacrificed at 1, 6 and 9 months pi. Longitudinal sections of the aortic arches of the mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for atherosclerotic lesion type and lesion area analysis, or with rabbit-anti-CD3(+) to detect the presence of T-cells in the atherosclerotic lesions. T-cell influx was expressed as number of T-lymphocytes/lesion area.At 1 month pi, type 1, 2 and 3 lesions were present. At other time points pi, more complex lesion types 4, 5a and 5b were also present. Although infection did not influence the total lesion number or area, we observed an effect of C. pneumoniae infection on lesion type. Infection resulted in a significant shift in lesion formation from type 3 to type 4 (P=0.022) at 6 months pi, and from type 4 to type 5a (P=0.002) at 9 months pi. T-cells were observed at every time point pi. At 1 month pi, a significant increase in T-cell influx in the C. pneumoniae-infected atherosclerotic lesions was observed (P=0.0005).This study shows that C. pneumoniae infection enhances the inflammatory process by increasing T-lymphocytes in the plaque and accelerates the formation of complex lesions.
Relation between membrane potential and contractile force in smooth muscle of the rat tail artery during stimulation by norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and potassium.
Authors: T O Neild, N Kotecha
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The relation between smooth muscle membrane potential and contractile force was investigated in the rat tail artery to assess the importance of smooth muscle depolarization in the control of smooth muscle tone. Smooth muscle membrane potential and contractile force were measured simultaneously in isolated pieces of rat tail artery exposed to a range of concentrations of norepinephrine, 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, or raised external potassium. Potassium caused depolarization and contraction when the membrane was depolarized beyond -40 mV. Maximum contraction occurred at -19 mV, and further depolarization gave no increase in contraction. Both norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine caused contraction and depolarization, but the relation between depolarization and contraction was not the same as when potassium was used. There was significant contraction when the membrane potential was more negative than -50 mV, and the membrane potential was around -30 mV during maximal contractions. Although they acted on pharmacologically different membrane receptors, the relation between membrane potential and contraction was the same for norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Prazosin reduced the responses to norepinephrine but did not change the relation between membrane potential and contractile force. These results indicated that norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine binding to their respective receptors might activate the same sets of intracellular processes that subsequently caused both depolarization and contraction.