tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computer interrogation of patients
Authors: G. Dove
Journal: BMJ (1976)

results obtained in the treatment of hyper- glycaemic diabetic men by the recommended weight-maintaining American Diabetes Asso- ciation (ADA) diet with an isocaloric high unrefined carbohydrate diet.The ADA diet contained refined starch 23%, sucrose 20%, fat 340/, protein 23%, crude fibre 4-7 g/d.The high unrefined carbohydrate diet con- tained unrefined starch 55%, sucrose 20%, fat 9%, protein 16%, crude fibre 15 g/d.Daily estimations of fasting plasma glucose moni- tored the response and permitted a safe re- duction of insulin or hypoglycaemic agent in many patients.Among 13 hyperglycaemic diabetic patients who ate the high carbo- hydrate diet for two weeks five insulin-treated men, previously receiving for many years from 15 to 25 units a day, had insulin discontinued, and all five sulphonylurea-treated men had this therapy discontinued.Three men, pre- viously receiving a higher dose of insulin from 40 to 55 units a day, remained unaltered in their requirements.Mean fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels both fell significantly.Two patients could not tolerate the high- carbohydrate low-fat diet, but only one patient chose not to continue the diet as an outpatient.The main difficulty in eating this diet is one of unpalatability; fat is very low at 9%, sugar is high at 20%, so is protein at 16%.A more palatable diet would be unrefined starch 5000, fat 20%, sugar 15%,, protein 15%.Refractory patients might benefit by further increases of unrefined starch but decreases of fat and sugar, but such a diet is less palatable.The dietary change may be sudden or gradual.If gradual, then fat and sucrose percentages of the pre- vious diet could be decreased stepwise and the unrefined starch increased to equalise the calories.Careful questioning would reveal whether fat is missed more than sucrose and would constitute a guide to future stepwise reductions.Unrefined high-fibre starchy foods should come from a wide variety of sources and the scanty fat and sucrose diverted to increase their palatability.Wholemeal bread and flour, potatoes, ryemeal crispbread, whole- grain breakfast cereals rather than those enriched with bran, whole maize, brown rice, bananas, beans, and peas offer a wide choice.
Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism syndrome, plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and outcome in critically ill patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Damien du Cheyron, Bruno Bouchet, Brigitte Cauquelin, Damien Guillotin, Michel Ramakers, Cédric Daubin, Jean-Jacques Ballet, Pierre Charbonneau
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
914 PLASMA AROMATIC AMINO ACID LEVELS AS BETTER MARKERS FOR HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN A PIG LIVER ISCHEMIC INJURY MODEL
Authors: J. Bundy, E. Erro, P. Sharratt, W. Spearman, D. Kahn, M. Miller, A. Figaji, H. Arendse, R. Michaels, H. Hodgson, C. Seiden
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Autocrine and paracrine effects of atrial natriuretic peptide gene transfer on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cellular growth.
Authors: R Morishita, G H Gibbons, R E Pratt, N Tomita, Y Kaneda, T Ogihara, V J Dzau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

In addition to the atria, recent evidence suggests that atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is also synthesized in other tissues. Of particular interest is the location of ANP mRNA in the vessel wall. We and others have shown that exogenously added ANP inhibited the growth of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in culture. However, it is not known if the locally synthesized ANP would act similarly. Because cultured endothelial cells and VSMC have lost the ability to express the endogenous ANP gene, we have transfected cells in culture with an expression vector expressing rat ANP and have examined the effects on growth. Cultured endothelial cells transfected with an ANP expression vector synthesized and secreted high levels of ANP. These cells also showed significantly lower rates of DNA synthesis under basal and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-stimulated conditions. Addition of conditioned medium from endothelial cells transfected with ANP vector to nontransfected endothelial cells resulted in the significant increase in cyclic GMP. Similarly, conditioned media collected from endothelial cells transfected with ANP vector also decreased DNA synthesis in VSMC. Coculture of ANP-transfected endothelial cells with quiescent VSMC showed that released ANP from endothelial cells inhibited DNA synthesis in VSMC. Finally, we examined the autocrine effect of direct transfection of ANP vector into VSMC. Transfection of the ANP vector decreased DNA synthesis in VSMC under basal and angiotensin II-stimulated conditions. Similarly, transfection of the ANP vector resulted in a decrease in the PDGF and serum (5%)-stimulated DNA synthesis of VSMC. These results demonstrate that endogenously produced ANP can exert autocrine and paracrine inhibitory effects on endothelial cell and VSMC growth. In vivo gene transfer of ANP may provide us with the opportunity of gene therapy for vascular diseases in which the abnormalities are vasoconstriction and pathological growth.
EARLY PREGNANCY FOLLOWING DELIVERY
Authors: Wayne Brehm
Journal: JAMA (1925)

To the Editor:  —Mrs. C., aged 21, white, American, an only child, menstruated last, Sept. 22, 1923, and I delivered her of a normal full term girl baby, July 7, 1924, at White Cross Hospital. She left the hospital on the fifth day by ambulance, had a normal puerperium, and the lochia serosa stopped on the thirteenth day. I saw her in January this year, and she was again pregnant and showing some early signs of toxemia, which were readily relieved by diet, rest, etc., and, April 21 this year, I delivered her of twin girls, one weighing 5 pounds (2.3 kg.) and the other, 4 pounds, 12 ounces (2.1 kg.). The babies were normal and nursed the breast at the end of twelve hours. They left the hospital at the end of two weeks, having gained 6 and 8 ounces, respectively. If these babies were premature, it was slight,
Saddle Pulmonary Embolism Visualized by Transthoracic Echocardiography
Authors: Somsupha Kanjanauthai, Lindsey A. Couture, Mulugeta Fissha, Mindy Gentry, Gyanendra K. Sharma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)

![Figure][1] 

[![Graphic][3] ][3][![Graphic][4] ][4]



It is very unusual to visualize a pulmonary artery thrombus on transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). TTE obtained from a 50-year-old man with syncope showed a large thrombus at the main pulmonary trunk ( A , arrow , [Online
Correlation Between Liver Morphology and Portal Pressure in Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Kim Krogsgaard, Christian Gluud, Jens H. Henriksen, Per Christoffersen
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

In 14 alcoholic patients, the degree of hepatic architectural destruction was graded (preserved architecture; nodules alternating with preserved architecture; totally destroyed architecture) and related to portal pressure. A positive correlation was found between the degree of architectural destruction and both wedged hepatic vein pressure (r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.01) and wedged-to-free hepatic vein presure (r = 0.67, p &lt; 0.02). Degree of fatty change, fibrosis, inflammation, necrosis and occurrence of Mallory bodies showed no correlation with portal pressure. After morphometrical evaluation of liver biopsies, no significant correlation was found between mean hepatocyte volume or relative sinusoidal vascular volume and portal pressure. To test whether an increase in hepatocyte volume compresses the vascular structures and causes portal hypertension, the ratio of relative sinusoidal vascular volume to mean hepatocyte volume, which expresses the compression of the vascular structures exerted by enlargement of hepatocytes, was related to portal pressure. No significant correlation was found. Further, mean hepatocyte volume was not significantly correlated to relative sinusoidal vascular volume. The present findings are in accordance with the hypothesis that elevated hepatic vascular resistance and portal pressure in alcoholic liver disease are in part detemined by the severity of the hepatic architectural destruction and subsequent distorsion and compression of the efferent vein system. Parenchymal changes, including changes in hepatocyte volume, seem to be of minor importance.
Neutropenic enterocolitis: A rare presenting complication of acute leukemia
Authors: Michael M. Quigley, Kelly Bethel, Michael Nowacki, Fred Millard, Robert Sharpe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a necrotizing inflammatory process with intramural infection that occurs predominantly in neutropenic patients. This syndrome is most frequently observed after chemotherapy for hematologic and solid tissue malignancies, but it can also be observed in a number of other clinical settings as well. Neutropenic enterocolitis can be a rare presenting complication of acute leukemia. We report a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia that presented with abdominal pain due to neutropenic enterocolitis. The diagnostic and treatment challenges associated with this manner of presentation are discussed. Am. J. Hematol. 66:213–219, 2001. Published 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Epidermolysis bullosa naevi reveal a distinctive dermoscopic pattern
Authors: C.M. Lanschuetzer, M. Emberger, M. Laimer, A. Diem, J.W. Bauer, H.P. Soyer, H. Hintner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Large, asymmetrical and irregularly pigmented naevi in patients with epidermolysis bullosa (EB) have been reported often to mimic cutaneous melanoma clinically.As the biological course of these peculiar moles is benign, we assessed EB naevi with a dermatoscope to determine whether they could be reliably differentiated from cutaneous melanoma.We evaluated digital dermoscopic images of 23 EB naevi from 11 patients with EB and analysed these pigmented lesions according to pattern analysis, ABCD rule of dermoscopy and the seven-point checklist.Melanoma-associated dermoscopic criteria such as multicomponent pattern (20 of 23), atypical pigment network (17 of 23), irregular dots/globules (16 of 23), irregular pigmentation (22 of 23) and an atypical vascular pattern (seven of 23) were frequently seen in EB naevi. In contrast, other criteria frequently associated with melanoma progression, such as irregular streaks, blue-whitish veil, regression structures (blue-whitish areas) or black dots, were rarely seen. Most lesions gave false-positive results when the scores of the dermoscopic diagnostic algorithms were calculated.Recurring dermoscopic structures in EB naevi reveal a distinctive dermoscopic pattern of this recently defined entity. Although EB naevi represent an exception to dermoscopic diagnostic algorithms, their dermoscopic evaluation most often allows us to estimate their benign nature. Nevertheless, as an unequivocal discrimination from malignant melanoma in vivo is sometimes not possible, regular clinical follow up of EB naevi with histopathological evaluation of highly suspicious lesions is mandatory.
Chromosome 6q25 is linked to susceptibility to leprosy in a Vietnamese population
Authors: Marcelo T. Mira, Alexandre Alcaïs, Nguyen Van Thuc, Vu Hong Thai, Nguyen Thu Huong, Nguyen Ngoc Ba, Andrei Verner, Thomas J. Hudson, Laurent Abel, Erwin Schurr
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Fatal Liver Disease after Intravenous Administration of Tetracycline in High Dosage
Authors: John C. Schultz, James S. Adamson, Wayne W. Workman, Tom D. Norman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

SIX young women who had the signs and symptoms of acute pyelonephritis associated with pregnancy died with liver disease. The illnesses were characterized by rapid progression and the combination of nausea, vomiting, wide swings in temperature, jaundice, acidosis, azotemia, hematemesis, melena and terminal hypotension. All the patients had received tetracycline hydrochloride intravenously in greater than the usually recommended dosages.Toxic reactions to antibiotics of the tetracycline group are predominantly gastrointestinal.1 Angular stomatitis, pharyngitis, dysphagia, epigastric distress, anorexia and nausea have been noted. Perhaps less frequently observed are the inflammatory complications secondary to alterations of the flora in the vagina, rectum . . .
Abnormal Motion of the Interventricular Septum in Right Ventricular Volume Overload
Authors: RICHARD E. KERBER, WILLIAM F. DIPPEL, FRANCOIS M. ABBOUD
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Abnormal systolic motion of the interventricular septum has previously been noted using echocardiography in patients with atrial septal defect and has been ascribed to right ventricular volume overload. To evaluate the mechanism responsible for this abnormality, right ventricular volume overload was created in open-chest dogs by pumping blood from the left atrium to the right atrium. In seven of eight dogs changes in interventricular septum motion were produced acutely at shunt flow as low as 500 cc/min. When the shunt was decreased or stopped, interventricular septum motion returned to normal. Shunts producing left ventricular volume overload (aorta to left atrium and right atrium to left atrium) caused no change in interventricular septum motion. Clinical observations showed that six of seven patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection and no atrial septal defect displayed abnormal interventricular septum motion on echocardiography. Twenty-one patients undergoing surgery for atrial septal defect were studied before and after operation. Sixteen of the 21 had abnormal interventricular septum motion preoperatively; the abnormal interventricular septum motion returned to normal in only one of the 16 patients during a postoperative follow-up period of up to one year. Three patients were studied only postoperatively up to six years after closure of atrial septal defect; all three retained abnormal interventricular septum motion. Since the abnornal motion of the interventricular septum seen in patients with atrial septal defect can be produced and reversed acutely by creating a left-to-right atrial shunt in an experimental model, this abnormality must indeed be related to right ventricular volume overload. However, failure of interventricular septum motion to revert to normal following surgical correction in patients with atrial septal defect suggests that additional factors are involved in the persistence of this abnormal motion.
Offer syphilis testing in brothels and saunas to stem China's epidemic, suggest researchers
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Syphilis has spread so rapidly in China that the government needs urgently to raise awareness of sexually transmitted infections and destigmatise testing and treatment if it is to regain control of the disease, doctors warn.

In 2008 a total of 9480 babies were born with congenital syphilis in China, a 12-fold rise in the annual number since 2003. Researchers describe the rise as “a precipitous increase” that has not been seen in any other country in the penicillin era ( New England Journal of Medicine 2010;362:1658-61).

They …
The long-term stability and biocompatibility of fluorescent nanodiamond as an in vivo contrast agent
Authors: V. Vaijayanthimala, Po-Yun Cheng, Shih-Hua Yeh, Kuang-Kai Liu, Cheng-Hsiang Hsiao, Jui-I Chao, Huan-Cheng Chang
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Detection of flow limitation during tidal breathing by the interruptor technique
Authors: R Hage, JG Aerts, AF Verbraak, B van den Berg, JM Bogaard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

In patients with airflow obstruction, flow limitation can be established in various ways. Using body plethysmography, flow limitation is assumed when expiratory flow decreases whilst alveolar pressure increases at the same time. During forced expiration, flow limitation can be established by means of the flow interruptor technique; flow limitation is assumed when, after release of an occlusion, a spike flow superimposed on the ongoing alveolar flow (delta peak flow) is detected. In this study, the flow interruptor technique was applied to detect flow limitation during tidal breathing. The results were compared to those obtained with the body plethysmograph. The expiratory flow pattern, post-interruption, was analysed in 33 subjects; 11 patients with airflow obstruction and flow limitation established with the body plethysmograph (AO+); 11 patients with airflow obstruction without flow limitation (AO-); and 11 healthy volunteers. Mean spike areas were 27.6 +/- 18.3, 4.6 +/- 2.3 and 3.4 +/- 2.0 mL for the AO+, AO- and control group, respectively, showing a highly significant difference between the AO+ patients and the other groups. Also, significantly higher delta peak flows were found in the AO+ patients compared to the other groups. No differences in delta peak flows or spike areas could be established between patients without flow limitation and controls. We conclude that the interruptor technique may be a useful means of assessing flow limitation during tidal breathing.
Psychogenic Urinary Retention
Authors: J.R. Bird
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

The literature on psychogenic urinary retention is reviewed. 2 cases treated by analytical psychotherapy are reported, in which significant demand for physical punishment was revealed and seen as linked to unacceptable, unconscious sadistic and aggressive feelings. Some psychodynamic aspects of what is considered to be 'a disturbance of internal body space' are discussed. Psychogenic urinary retention has received little attention in the literature. It may represent the uneasy position this disorder of bodily function occupies in clinical practice, with clear physical symptoms and associated psychological factors. The condition is more frequent in females, usually young adults. Case histories regularly record the placid, passive presentation of these patients, childhood enuresis and disturbed backgrounds. The diagnosis, 'hysteric', is frequent and most psychodynamic evaluations suggest the symptom represents a displacement of unacceptable sexual wishes and impulse. 2 patients treated by analytical psychotherapy are reported who, whilst fulfilling many of the criteria already noted, additionally revealed an intense desire for physical punishment. This punitive demand had less to do with unacceptable sexual wishes, than guilt at repressed aggressive drives of considerable magnitude. The role of aggression in the genesis of psychogenic urinary retention has so far been little studied.
THE DIGITAL BLOOD FLOW, ARTERIAL PRESSURE, AND VASCULAR RESISTANCE IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND IN CORONARY THROMBOSIS
Authors: Milton Mendlowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1942)

Methods for the measurement of the digital blood pressure and flow have been described in a previous report (1).The calculation of the blood flow from calorimetric observations has since been modified, and a method developed for calculating the digital vascular resistance.With these meth- ods, studies have been made on normal subjects and on patients with various types of hyperten- sion.Since a decrease in cardiac output had been P. W.
Without Your Consent: The Hijacking of American Health Care
Authors: Michael K. Gusmano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Medical Writings: Book Notes7 October 2008Without Your Consent: The Hijacking of American Health CareMichael K. Gusmano, PhDMichael K. Gusmano, PhDFrom State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-7-200810070-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Newton MJ. 272 pages. New Canaan, CT: Paribus Publishing; 2007. $24.99. ISBN 1933705086. Order at www.withoutyourconsent.com.Field of medicine: Medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Medical professionals, policymakers, and academics with an interest in health policy, medical ethics, or medical sociology.Purpose: To illustrate how the failure of the United States to confront health care costs openly leads to loss of autonomy by both physicians and patients.Content: The first section presents a diagnosis of the problem. The next sections explain why efforts to control costs by hospitals, managed care organizations, and the government undermine physician and patient autonomy and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 October 2008Volume 149, Issue 7Page: 520KeywordsBioethicsComputed axial tomographyForecastingHealth careHealth information technologyMedical ethicsMedical sociologySoftware tools ePublished: 7 October 2008 Issue Published: 7 October 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reticulated platelets in uremic patients: Effect of hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Dolors Tassies, Joan‐Carles Reverter, Aleix Cases, Ginés Escolar, Neus Villamor, José López‐Pedret, Ricardo Castillo, Antoni Ordinas
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract Platelet RNA content can be detected by flow cytometry using thiazole orange staining to identify platelets recently released into the circulation. We studied platelet RNA content and platelet function in uremic patients under different treatment regimens. Four groups were studied: (I) 15 end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (10M/5F) on maintenance hemodialysis (HD); (II) 11 ESRD patients (6M/5F) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD); (III) 8 patients with chronic renal failure managed conservatively (5M/3F); and (IV) 34 controls (20M/14F). A double color labeling technique using a phycoerythrin‐tagged antibody against glycoprotein lb (CD42b) and RNA labeling by thiazole orange was performed and read by flow cytometry. Aggregation studies were made in platelet‐rich plasma using ADP, epinephrine, collagen, arachidonic acid, and ristocetin. In group I, samples were also obtained after HD. Platelet counts did not differ among the groups. Aggregation studies showed a lower response to ADP and ristocetin in the HD patients, but not in the CAPD or in the chronic renal failure patients. The percentage of platelets with high RNA content in group I was significantly lower than in controls (3.72 ± 1.72% vs. 9.05 ± 3.53%, P &lt; 0.01), but was also lower than in the remaining groups (I vs. II P &lt; 0.01, and I vs. III P &lt; 0.01). No differences were seen in platelet RNA content among groups II (8.67 ± 2.73%), III (9.14 ± 3.04%) and IV. In group I, the percentage of reticulated platelets decreased further after HD (2.14 ± 1.09%, P &lt; 0.01). Aggregation studies showed a significantly lower response to ADP and ristocetin in group I ( P &lt; 0.05), but not in groups II or III in comparison with controls. Aggregation response to ADP and ristocetin decreased after HD ( P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, HD may decrease the percentage of RNA‐rich platelets through elimination of the younger and more active platelets and worsen the thrombopathy present in uremic patients.