tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Older Age, Infertility, and Multiple Pregnancies—Reply
Authors: Robert J. Stillman
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCT-874 Hemodynamic Assessment of Residual Paravalvular Aortic Regurgitation (PAR) after TAVI: Impact of Myocardial Supply-Demand Ratio (DPTI:SPTI) on Survival
Authors: Polykarpos Christos Patsalis, Fadi Al-Rashid, Bjoern Plicht, Matthias Riebisch, Daniel Wendt, Matthias Thielmann, Heinz Jakob, Raimund Erbel, Thomas Konorza, Gerd Heusch, Philipp Kahlert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
SUPERIORITY OF 2D MYOCARDIAL STRAIN IMAGING IN THE DETECTION OF LATE-ONSET TREATMENT RELATED CARDIAC TOXICITY IN ASYMPTOMATIC ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER
Authors: Jayant Raikhelkar, Kevin Oeffinger, Emily Zabor, Chaya Moskowitz, Roberto Adsuar, Emily Tonorezos, Richard Steingart, Raynaldo Diaz, Jennifer Liu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Type 2 Diabetes: An Epidemic Requiring Global Attention and Urgent Action
Authors: William H. Herman, Paul Zimmet
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Decades ago, the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes was predicted by epidemiologists who observed large and rapid increases in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among indigenous peoples who adopted Western lifestyles (1–4). Subsequent epidemiological studies demonstrated that essentially all non-Europid populations who escape the ravages of communicable diseases, enjoy abundant food and less physically demanding lifestyles and survive to middle and old age are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, its complications, and comorbidities. The global epidemic of type 2 diabetes has been documented in a series of progressively more precise, refined, and sobering projections (5).

In 1993, King et al. (6) assembled estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for adults around the world. In 1997, Amos et al. (7) first used age-specific prevalence rates for type 2 diabetes from different countries and current and projected age distributions of the world population to estimate the present and future numbers of people with diabetes worldwide. Using similar methods but incorporating additional age- and sex-specific and rural- and urban-specific diabetes prevalence rates, King et al. (8), Wild et al. (9), and Shaw et al. (10) repeated these analyses. In general, these studies projected that the number of adults with diabetes in the world will more than double between 2000 and 2030, with most of the increase occurring in developing countries, particularly in Asia. Not surprisingly, countries with the largest populations have and will have the greatest number of individuals with diabetes. Accordingly, India and China top the lists. The most recent studies have projected that by 2030, India will have 79–87 million and China 42–63 million adults with diabetes (9,10). The latter projection did not account for the rapid change in lifestyle occurring in China and …
Mouse Dendritic-Endothelial Cell Hybrids and 4-1BB Costimulation Elicit Antitumor Effects Mediated by Broad Antiangiogenic Immunity
Authors: Eric Ko, Wei Luo, Liaomin Peng, Xinhui Wang, Soldano Ferrone
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Antiangiogenic immunotherapy, which targets molecules critical to tumor angiogenesis, is expected to counteract the negative effect of tumor cell genetic instability on the outcome of immunotherapy targeting tumor antigens. Previously, targeting of individual angiogenic molecules has been shown to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and limit tumor growth. Nevertheless, this approach may be bypassed by redundant angiogenic pathways. To overcome this limitation, we have developed an immunization strategy targeting multiple molecules critical to angiogenesis. To this end, hybrids of dendritic cells (DC) and syngeneic endothelial cells (EC) were used as immunogens, because (a) whole EC express multiple molecules involved in angiogenesis and (b) DC tumor cell hybrids are effective in generating self-antigen–specific immune responses. The immunization strategy included the administration of an agonist 4-1BB–specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), because it augments self-antigen–specific immune responses elicited by DC hybrids. Immunization of mice with DC-EC hybrids and 4-1BB–specific mAb inhibited the growth of B16.F10 melanoma and MC38 colon adenocarcinoma tumors. This effect is mediated by EC-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, which markedly inhibited tumor angiogenesis. No therapy-related side effects, except minor and transient hematologic changes, were observed. Our findings represent a useful background for the design of antiangiogenic immunotherapeutic strategies to control tumor growth in a clinical setting. [Cancer Res 2007;67(16):7875–84]
ACTIVE ANAPHYLAXIS TO A FOREIGN PROTEIN INDUCED IN MICE BY THE TRANSFER OF TISSUE FROM ANIMALS PREVIOUSLY INJECTED WITH THE PROTEIN
Authors: Philip D. McMaster, Joshua L. Edwards, Ernest Sturm
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

Following single intravenous injections of a foreign protein antigen, bovine gamma-globulin, into mice and rabbits, antigenic material persisting in the liver could be detected for several weeks. Ground liver tissue-taken from the mice and rabbits, just mentioned, either 4 or 6 weeks after injecting the antigen-when transferred repeatedly, at 2 or 3 day intervals, to the peritoneal cavities of normal, or unilaterally adrenalectomized, recipient mice, rendered the recipients sensitive to active anaphylaxis when they were challenged after a suitable interval by intravenous injections of the original antigen. The work throws some light on the state of the antigenic material that persists for 4 to 6 weeks in the livers of the donor animals. Obviously it is sufficiently unchanged, at least in its reactive groups, to engender in the recipient mice antibodies capable of reacting with the original antigen.
THE NATURAL HISTORY OF HUMAN POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Albert B. Sabin, Robert Ward
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1941)

1. Studies on a large number of tissues obtained from fatal cases of human poliomyelitis have revealed that the virus is distributed predominantly in two systems: (a) certain regions of the nervous system, and (b) the alimentary tract. 2. Poliomyelitis virus was demonstrated in the walls of the pharynx, ileum, and only once in those of the descending colon, while the contents of the descending colon regularly contained the virus. 3. The presence of virus in the walls of the alimentary tract appears to be the result neither of generalized dissemination of the virus nor of secondary centrifugal spread, but rather that of primary localization or portal of entry. 4. In the absence of evidence of any demonstrable centrifugal spread to peripheral collections of nerve cells (e.g., in the superior cervical sympathetic ganglia, suprarenals, salivary glands), the presence of virus in the abdominal sympathetic plexus of one case may be indicative of at least one pathway of centripetal virus progression. 5. The absence of demonstrable virus in the nasal mucosa, olfactory bulbs, and anterior perforated substance suggests that neither the upper respiratory tract nor the olfactory pathway were affected in the cases of human poliomyelitis studied in the present investigation.
Constitutive IKK2 activation in acinar cells is sufficient to induce pancreatitis in vivo
Authors: Bernd Baumann, Martin Wagner, Tamara Aleksic, Götz von Wichert, Christoph K. Weber, Guido Adler, Thomas Wirth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Activation of the inhibitor of NF-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB (IKK/NF-kappaB) system and expression of proinflammatory mediators are major events in acute pancreatitis. However, the in vivo consequences of IKK activation on the onset and progression of acute pancreatitis remain unclear. Therefore, we modulated IKK activity conditionally in pancreatic acinar cells. Transgenic mice expressing the reverse tetracycline-responsive transactivator (rtTA) gene under the control of the rat elastase promoter were generated to mediate acinar cell-specific expression of IKK2 alleles. Expression of dominant-negative IKK2 ameliorated cerulein-induced pancreatitis but did not affect activation of trypsin, an initial event in experimental pancreatitis. Notably, expression of constitutively active IKK2 was sufficient to induce acute pancreatitis. This acinar cell-specific phenotype included edema, cellular infiltrates, necrosis, and elevation of serum lipase levels as well as pancreatic fibrosis. IKK2 activation caused increased expression of known NF-kappaB target genes, including mediators of the inflammatory response such as TNF-alpha and ICAM-1. Indeed, inhibition of TNF-alpha activity identified this cytokine as an important effector of IKK2-induced pancreatitis. Our data identify the IKK/NF-kappaB pathway in acinar cells as being key to the development of experimental pancreatitis and the major factor in the inflammatory response typical of this disease.
miR-217 is an oncogene that enhances the germinal center reaction
Authors: Virginia G. de Yébenes, Nahikari Bartolomé-Izquierdo, Rubén Nogales-Cadenas, Pablo Pérez-Durán, Sonia M. Mur, Nerea Martínez, Lorena Di Lisio, Davide F. Robbiani, Alberto Pascual-Montano, Marta Cañamero, Miguel A. Piris, Almudena R. Ramiro
Journal: Blood (2014)
1115-72 Aggressive treatment of atrial fibrillation reduces stoke following cardiac surgery
Authors: Robert W Murdock, Jeffrey Kaliebe, Nathan Hayes, Mary Jo Hessert, Chad Landwehr, Audrey Schlund, Karen J Olson, Fernando Riveron, John Johnkoski, Ronald Miles, David K Murdock, None Care Foundation, Inc
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Intrahepatic cholestasis and phospholipidosis associated with the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Santiago J. Muñoz, Antonino Martinez-Hernandez, Willis C. Maddrey
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Although liver injury after administration of the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination is rare, hepatocellular necrosis and cholestasis have developed in a few cases. We describe a patient who developed a severe, prolonged cholestatic reaction after trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole administration. The findings from serial liver biopsy samples showed characteristic abnormalities of phospholipidosis that have not been previously described for trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole–related hepatic injury. The most prominent finding on electron microscopic evaluation of the liver was the presence of prominent hepatocyte lysosomal inclusions characterized by concentric arrangements of membranous and lamellated structures. The patient improved after several courses of exchange plasmapheresis, which may have assisted in the removal of toxic drug-lipid complexes. The pathogenesis of this acquired secondary phospholipidosis is unknown. Possible mechanisms include generation of highly lipid-soluble metabolites and inhibition of the lysosomal enzyme phospholipase A1. (HEPATOLOGY 1990; 12:342–347).
Treatment of hepatitis B in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chrysoula L. Pipili, George V. Papatheodoridis, Evangelos C. Cholongitas
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

Although the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients with chronic kidney disease remains low in developed countries, clinicians should be aware of the rationale for treatment in this setting. This patient population presents particular features and various complicating conditions requiring special treatment strategies. Interferon, the standard treatment for HBV infection, has been poorly tolerated by patients with chronic kidney disease, has presented relatively low efficacy, and has posed renal transplant recipients under the risk of acute rejection. The advent of effective nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) has offered the opportunity to minimize the consequences of HBV infection in HBV-positive patients with chronic kidney disease. Combination with immunosuppressive agents might be considered in cases of rapid renal function deterioration and/or severe proteinuria. Among the newer NAs, entecavir may be preferred, because of its high potency, high genetic barrier to resistance, and favorable renal safety profile. However, entecavir presented low efficacy in case of lamivudine or telbivudine resistance, and thus tenofovir may be a better option in that setting. All HBsAg-positive candidates should be treated with NAs before renal transplantation in order to maintain undetectable HBV DNA, reduce liver fibrosis, and prevent hepatic decompensation after renal transplantation. This review summarizes updated issues related to treatment of chronic HBV infection in all categories of population with chronic kidney disease (those exhibiting HBV-associated glomerular disease, those treated with hemodialysis, as well as renal transplant candidates, donors, and recipients).
A5.21 Lack of IL-27R Signaling Leads to an Intrinsic B Cell Defect and Protection against CIA
Authors: Odilia BJ Corneth, Patrick S Asmawidjaja, Laurens P Kil, Anne-Marie C Mus, Franka Luk, Sandra MJ Paulissen, Rudi W Hendriks, Erik Lubberts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The IL-27 receptor (IL-27R) is expressed on naïve T helper cells. Signaling induces Th1 differentiation and IL-10 production and inhibits Th17 differentiation. In addition, the IL-27R is also expressed on B cells, where it is linked to B cell proliferation and IgG2a class switch recombination. However, its role is not fully understood. We therefore aim to determine the role of IL-27R signalling on B cells, both in T cell independent and in T cell dependent immune responses. <h3>Methods</h3> To determine the effect of IL-27 on B cells, we isolated naïve B cells from wild type mice and cultured them in the absence or presence of rIL-27. T cell dependent responses were investigated using the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) model in wild type and IL-27R deficient (WSX-1 deficient) mice. T cell independent B cell responses were investigated using the TNP-Ficoll immunisation model. <h3>Results</h3> Naïve wild type B cells cultured in the presence of rIL-27 showed increased proliferation and expression of activation markers. Next, we investigated the role of IL-27R signalling in vivo in CIA. Both the incidence and severity of CIA were significantly lower in IL-27R deficient mice. Splenic germinal centre B cells were decreased in these mice. In addition, both auto-reactive IgM and IgG2a antibody levels were significantly decreased. These data suggest an impairment of B cell immunity in IL-27R deficient mice. However, CIA also depends on T cells. To determine whether the impairment of B cell immunity in IL-27R deficient mice was B cell intrinsic, we used the T cell independent TNP-Ficoll immunisation model. Wild type and IL-27R deficient mice were immunised with TNP-Ficoll i.p. and sacrificed seven days later. IL-27R deficient mice had fewer splenic IgM and IgG3 plasma cells and lower serum TNP specific IgM and IgG3 antibody levels. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Here we show that IL-27R signalling on B cells is essential for proliferation and activation of B cells. Impaired B cell immunity in IL-27R deficient mice is caused by an intrinsic B cell defect, leading to impaired plasma cell formation and antibody production in both T cell independent as well as T cell dependent immune responses.
S35 A randomised controlled trial comparing combined EBUS/EUS followed by surgical staging versus surgical staging alone in non-small cell lung cancer: the ASTER study
Authors: R. C. Rintoul, K. G. Tournoy, C. Dooms, P. De Leyn, A. G. Nicholson, E. Deschepper, O. M. Dekkers, K. F. Rabe, J. P. van Meerbeeck, J. T. Annema
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> For many years the standard approach to staging of the mediastinum in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been surgical using cervical mediastinoscopy, left anterior mediastinotomy or video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). More recently endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have been reported. We conducted a randomised phase III trial to compare surgical staging versus endoscopic staging. The primary endpoint was detection of mediastinal nodal metastasis (N2/3); secondary endpoints were complication and futile thoracotomy rates. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with potentially resectable (suspected) NSCLC in whom invasive mediastinal staging was indicated based on CT or PET-CT findings were randomly assigned to either Arm A, surgical staging or Arm B, combined EBUS/EUS (followed by surgical staging if endoscopic findings were negative for malignancy). Surgical staging involved mediastinoscopy and/or mediastinotomy and/or VATS. Subsequently, in the absence of mediastinal disease, thoracotomy with systematic lymph node sampling was performed. 240 pts were required to show a 20% increase in sensitivity (power 80% and α=0.05) to detect mediastinal nodal disease with a prevalence of 50%. <h3>Results</h3> 118 patients were randomised to Arm A and 123 to Arm B. The sensitivity for detection of mediastinal metastases by surgical staging in Arm A was 80% (95% CI, 68 to 89) vs 94% (95% CI, 85 to 98) for endoscopic (± surgical) staging in Arm B (p=0.04). Nodal metastases were found in 41 (35%) of surgically staged patients in Arm A and 62 patients (50%) (56 by EBUS/EUS + 6 by subsequent surgical staging) in Arm B (p=0.019). Overall, the prevalence of mediastinal disease in each arm was similar (p=0.24). Thoracotomy was considered futile in 21 (18%) in those staged in Arm A vs 8 patients (7%) in Arm B (p=0.009). Complication rate was similar in both arms (6 vs 7 patients, p=0.8); however, 12 of 13 complications were due to surgical staging procedures. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mediastinal staging for NSCLC should commence with combined EBUS/EUS (followed by surgical staging if endoscopic findings are negative for malignancy) as this improves the detection of nodal metastases and reduces futile thoracotomies compared to surgical staging alone.
Abstract 1548: The effects of synthetic triterpenoids on GSK3β and focal adhesions
Authors: Ciric To, John M. Di Guglielmo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Synthetic triterpenoids are a class of anti-cancer compounds that are efficacious in targeting multiple cellular functions including apoptosis, growth inhibition, anti-inflammation and cytoprotection in both cell culture and animal tumor models. However, its effects on cell migration, a precursor event to cancer metastasis, remain poorly understood. Previously, we have shown that the methyl ester derivative of 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO-Me) inhibits cell migration. The objective of our current study is to examine in further detail the mechanism by which CDDO-Me blocks cell migration. Using various proteomic approaches as well as affinity pull down assays, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3β) was identified and confirmed as a triterpenoid-binding protein. Since GSK3β has been shown to be an important regulator of cell adhesion, a process that is intricately connected to cell migration, we hypothesize that CDDO-Me may target GSK3β and affect cell adhesion dynamics to inhibit cell migration. Indeed, we have observed that triterpenoid treated cells have decreased GSK3β activity. We also observed that the size and shape of focal adhesions were altered in the presence of synthetic triterpenoids. The molecular link between synthetic triterpenoids, GSK3β and focal adhesions are currently being investigated to better describe how this promising anti-cancer compound may act via GSK3β to affect focal adhesions and cell migration. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1548. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1548
French doctors demand to know why drug stayed on the market for so long
Authors: P. Benkimoun
Journal: BMJ (2010)

French doctors, the public, and the media are asking how a drug that, it is claimed, might have had a role in an estimated 500 deaths was able to stay on the market for 33 years.

The ministry of health announced on 16 November that it was launching a public investigation into the regulation of benfluorex (Mediator) from Servier, France’s second largest drug company. The same day, the French medicines agency (Afssaps, Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire des Produits de Sante), stated that, on the basis of epidemiological studies, around 500 deaths might be attributable to the use of benfluorex, which was available in France as an adjuvant for type 2 diabetes from 1976 to November 2009. 

Benfluorex seems to belong to the …
Lipid-Altering Efficacy and Safety of Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Coadministered With Extended-Release Niacin in Patients With Type IIa or Type IIb Hyperlipidemia
Authors: John R. Guyton, B. Greg Brown, Sergio Fazio, Adam Polis, Joanne E. Tomassini, Andrew M. Tershakovec
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)