tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pemphigus foliaceus localized to the nose
Authors: Julia A. Newton, D.H. McGibbon, B. Monk, N.R. Rowell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Pemphigus foliaceus localized to the nose Get access Julia A. Newton, Julia A. Newton Dowling Skin Unit and the Institute of Dermatology, United Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.H. McGibbon, D.H. McGibbon Dowling Skin Unit and the Institute of Dermatology, United Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Monk, B. Monk Kings College Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.R. Rowell N.R. Rowell General Infirmary, Leeds, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 2, 1 February 1988, Pages 303–312, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01786.x Published: 01 February 1988
Standardised approach to gluten challenge in diagnosing childhood coeliac disease.
Authors: C J Rolles, A S McNeish
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Thirty-five children, in whom coeliac disease had been diagnosed on inadequate grounds and who had been on a gluten-free diet for one to 10 years, were challenged with gluten in accordance with a standardised procedure. All children were admitted to hospital for 48 hours for general assessment, two one-hour blood xylose tests, and the introduction of gluten. Thirty children underwent a pre-challenge peroral jejunal mucosal biopsy; the specimens were either normal or showed slight non-specific abnormalities. Gluten powder 20 g/day was given in addition to an otherwise gluten-free diet. The children were reassessed as outpatients every two weeks, when a one-hour blood xylose test was performed. Repeat biopsy was performed when xylose absorption fell or after three months. Seventeen children had abnormal post-challenge biopsy appearances compatible with coeliac disease in relapse; 14 of these children completed their challenge within eight weeks. Seventeen children had completely normal biopsy appearances at the end of three months and were returned to a normal diet. One to two years later eight underwent repeat biopsies, which showed nothing abnormal. In only one child, the oldest in the series, were the histological findings equivocal. In the 17 children in whom coeliac disease was confirmed the duration of gluten challenge was not related to age, duration of gluten-free diet, histological findings on the pre-challenge biopsy, or HLA status.
Unique Conductance, Gating, and Selective Permeability Properties of Gap Junction Channels Formed by Connexin40
Authors: Dolores A. Beblo, Hong-Zhan Wang, Eric C. Beyer, Eileen M. Westphale, Richard D. Veenstra
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Connexin40 is selectively expressed in specialized cardiac conduction (nodal and His-Purkinje) tissues and the atrium, yet the channel properties formed by this gap junction protein have not been investigated. The conductance, gating, and selective permeability of rat connexin40 (Cx40) gap junction channels between pairs of Cx40-transfected mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells in culture were studied by using dual whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. The macroscopic steady state junctional conductance gating was dependent on transjunctional voltage with a Boltzmann half-inactivation voltage of +/- 50 mV, a residual voltage-insensitive normalized junctional conductance of 35% of maximum, and a gating charge valence of 3. In the presence of 120 mmol/L potassium glutamate, the slope conductance of single rat Cx40 gap junction channels measured 158 +/- 2 pS (n = 4). Lower conductance states equal to 21% to 48% of the main open-state conductance were also occasionally observed in two of the four cell pairs. Multichannel open probabilities were found to be heterogeneous. Ion substitution and dye transfer experiments were performed to determine the relative chloride/potassium conductance and dye permeability of anionic fluorescein derivatives in rat Cx40 channels. The rat Cx40 channel had a maximum conductance of 180 +/- 18 pS (n = 3) in 120 mmol/L KCl and a detectable chloride permeability of 0.29 relative to potassium, indicating some selectivity for cations over anions. Cx40 gap junctions were permeable to 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (diCl-F) and also to the more polar 6-carboxyfluorescein dye; however, diCl-F dye transfer was not observed to increase with increasing junctional conductance.
Process and Outcome of Care for Acute Myocardial Infarction among Medicare Beneficiaries in Connecticut: A Quality Improvement Demonstration Project
Authors: Thomas P. Meehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of linking claims-based pattern analysis with medical record review in the assessment of quality of hospital care among Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction. Design: An analysis of risk-adjusted mortality after hospital admission for acute myocardial infarction using the regression model from the Health Care Financing Administration for predicting mortality rates. Hospital records for 300 patients admitted for myocardial infarction were abstracted to evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic coding and the adequacy of claims data-based risk adjustment and to assess process measures of quality care. Setting: Six Connecticut hospitals in the pilot study of the Medicare Hospital Information Project. Patients: Medicare beneficiaries 65 years of age or older who were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction from 1989 to 1991. Main Outcome Measures: Principal diagnosis code verification rates for acute myocardial infarction; observed mortality rates at 30 and 365 days; 30-day standardized mortality ratios; and utilization rates for thrombolytic agents, aspirin, and β-blockers. Results: The coding of acute myocardial infarction diagnosis had an overall accuracy of 96%. Little change was noted in relative mortality ratio hospital rank order after the exclusion of 13 patients who did not fulfill criteria for acute myocardial infarction and after additional risk adjustment with Killip class data. Utilization rates for therapies among eligible patients were as follows: aspirin, 73%; β-blockers, 41%; and thrombolytic agents, 43%. The use of thrombolytic agents was associated with a lower 30-day mortality; the use of thrombolytic agents, aspirin, and β-blockers was related to lower mortality rates at 1 year after discharge; and the use of these three therapies was lower in the two hospitals with the highest risk-adjusted mortality. Conclusions: Medicare principal diagnosis codes for acute myocardial infarction were accurate in the six study hospitals. Therapies that have been endorsed by clinicians in Connecticut were underused in elderly patients. Pattern analysis of Medicare claims data can be useful as a quality-of-care screening tool; however, additional clinical information is required to stimulate quality improvement efforts within hospitals.
Coccidioidomycosis vaccine trial planned with 3,000 volunteers
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serial Multimodality Evaluation of Aortocoronary Bypass Grafts During the First Year After CABG Surgery
Authors: Anna P. Kotsia, Michail I. Papafaklis, Tesfaldet T. Michael, Bavana V. Rangan, Matthias Peltz, Michele Roesle, Michael Jessen, Bernice Willis, Georgios Christopoulos, Georgios Nakas, Sofia Giannitsi, Lampros K. Michalis, Dimitris I. Fotiadis, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil S. Brilakis
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
NICE emphasises social care for people with dementia
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Joint health and social care guidelines have been published aimed at integrating the care of the 700 000 people in England and Wales with dementia and their carers. 

The report by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and its social services equivalent, the Social Care Institute for Excellence (SCIE), aims to boost services that are currently dogged by lack of coordination between hospitals and community care. 

Andrew Dillon, the chief executive of NICE, said the guidelines, which were the first his organisation had produced with the social care group, “demonstrated the real importance of health and social care professionals working closely together.” …
Learning disabilities: lagging field in medicine
Authors: Elizabeth Rasche González
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Up to 16% of American children have diverse difficulties that seriously interfere with their school performance. Primary care physicians can be helpful to these children but need considerably more information and training in such problems. Semantics also presents difficulties. This was the consensus at a medical symposium on the need for interdisciplinary treatment of learning disabilities held as part of the recent Milwaukee International Conference of the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities (ACLD). At the symposium, a report was given on an unpublished survey conducted by the American Academy of Pediatrics. All of 60 randomly selected pediatricians stated that they see patients with learning disabilities in their practices, according to Janet O. Lerner, PhD, professor of special education at Chicago's Northeastern Illinois University, and Susan L. Cohn, a senior at the University of Illinois College of Medicine. But 73% did not think that they had received adequate preparation for
Rapid Detection of A Giant Aneurysm of Right Sinus of Valsalva by Radioisotopic Angiography
Authors: JUNJI ISHIMURA, MINORU FUKUCHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan Received for publication September 5, 1989; accepted October 2, 1989. Reprint requests: Junji Ishimura, M.D., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663, Japan.
Suppression by eicosapentaenoic acid of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and lysophosphatidylcholine-induced migration in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Masakazu Kohno, Kenichi Yasunari, Mieko Minami, Hiroaki Kano, Kensaku Maeda, Junichi Yoshikawa
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
On the Relative Danger to Life from Limb-Amputations, in St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, and in Country Practice
Authors: J. Y. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1869)

In some observations published two or three months ago, I stated that, using with other statistical inquirers the four major amputations of the limbs-viz., amputation of the tliigb, leg, arm and forearm-as tests of the comparative success of surgery or surgical operations under ,different conditions-I had fotund that these four amputations were fatal in private country and provincial practice in the proportion of about I in every 9 cases operated on, wlhile the same amputations were fatal in large and metropolitan hospitals in about I in every 3 cases operated on.These operations, therefore-and proportionally all others-were, I inferred, three times as dangerous in the wards of largTe and metro- politan hospitals as in private rural practice.Mir. Coote primarily objects to my classifyinig the large and metropoli- tan hospitals " all together, and giving one general death-rate for the
Only a fifth of US medical students choose primary care
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Far fewer US medical students plan to go into primary care than two decades ago, a recent analysis shows.

The United States faces a “troubling shortage in its primary care medical workforce,” say the authors of the analysis, published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine (2011;171:744, doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.139). Surveys of graduating students in 1990 and 2007 show that although roughly a quarter of graduating medical students in both years planned to go into internal medicine, the proportion planning to go into general internal medicine fell from 9% to 2%.

General internal medicine, along with paediatrics and family medicine, comprise what is referred to as “primary care” in the US. …
Health care in crisis. A proposed role for the individual physician as advocate
Authors: L. C. Kleinman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

UNIVERSAL access to health care is a social goal, yet one in seven Americans is estimated to be without health insurance, and millions more have inadequate insurance. A deficit in health care provision exists, with deleterious consequences.<sup>1,2</sup>Most of the uninsured live in families in which at least one person is employed. Even the most well-to-do among the uninsured may be within one illness of destitution. Medically indigent and underserved populations defy stereotypes. They range from working men to pregnant women.<sup>3,4</sup>Minorities, the elderly, children, women, veterans of the armed forces, persons with handicaps or chronic illness, and members of other vulnerable populations have joined those disproportionately excluded from health care. Data suggest that the more unequal the distribution of wealth within a country, the more the excess burden of mortality falls on the poor.<sup>5</sup>Health outcomes in certain ethnic groups continue to be poor through the
CORONARY PLAQUE CHARACTERISTICS ACCORDING TO THE RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: AN INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS
Authors: Young Joon Hong, Gary S. Mintz, Myung Ho Jeong, Jum Suk Ko, Min Goo Lee, Keun Ho Park, Doo Sun Sim, Ju Han Kim, Youngkeun Ahn, Jeong Gwan Cho, Jong Chun Park, Neil J. Weissman, Jung Chaee Kang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Unusual Metastasis of Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma to the Masticator Space
Authors: Archi Ramesh Agrawal, Narendra Nair
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

We report an unusual case of metastasis to the masticator space from a poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid. A 34-year-old woman presented with a swelling in the left parotid region of 4 to 5 months’ duration, which was progressively increasing in size. A CT scan of the head and neck revealed a heterogeneous, hypervascular mass in the left masticator space. Metastatic disease to the masticator space and to the jaws is a rare event.
Scientists report first self replicating bacteria with synthetic genome
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A US research team has reported successfully constructing the first self replicating bacteria cells controlled entirely by DNA that had been chemically synthesised in the laboratory.

The research group first manufactured a modified genome for Mycoplasma mycoides , a single celled parasite bacterium that lacks a cell wall. They pieced together more than 1000 cassettes, or sequences of DNA, each 1080 base pairs long, to make the entire 1.08 million base pair chromosome—the largest synthetic molecule of a defined structure to be constructed.

The entirely synthetic genome was then transplanted into Mycoplasma capricolum recipient cells. After two days, viable cells containing only synthetic DNA were clearly visible, the research group reported online in the journal Science last week (doi:10.1126/science.1190719).

“For nearly 15 years, our team has been working towards this publication—the successful completion of our work to construct a bacterial cell that is fully controlled by a synthetic genome,” said J Craig Venter, senior author and founder of the institute (named after him) where the work was conducted. He heads the not for profit genomic research organisation, which has centres in Rockville and La Jolla, California, dedicated to advancing the science of genomics.

Commenting on the potential applications of the new development, Hamilton Smith, also from the J Craig Venter Institute, said, “With this first synthetic bacterial cell and the new tools and technologies we developed to successfully complete this project, we now have the means to dissect the genetic instruction set of a bacterial cell to understand how it really works.”

Accurate …
Who Should Treat Acute Leukemia?
Authors: James F. Holland
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Acute leukemia is a generic term representing a L variety of closely related diseases characterized by abnormal proportions of immature hematopoietic cells, often with abnormal morphological features. These diseases in their untreated state eventually prove lethal, nearly always within one year. Their cause or causes are unknown, and form the basis for a vast spectrum of fundamental research. The treatment of acute leukemia can be divided into approximately three historical stages: (1) before 1947, the era of despair with no effective treatment, (2) from 1947 to 1963, the advent of chemotherapy, and with the failure to find a curative drug, the era of palliation, and (3) since 1963, when induction therapies, complementary treatments including consolidation, intensification, maintenance, and inducer dosing, the multiple combinations of drugs, the appearance of new chemotherapeutic agents, and the beginnings of successful immunotherapy have made palliation alone too mean a goal. Chemotherapeutic cure is now a
Avidity of anti-DNA antibodies in serum and IgG glomerular eluates from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Association of high avidity antinative DNA antibody with glomerulonephritis.
Authors: J B Winfield, I Faiferman, D Koffler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Significant differences in both specificity and avidity of anti-DNA antibodies were observed in the sera of groups of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus glomerulonephritis, active systemic lupus erythematosus without nephritis, and in IgG eluates obtained by DNAase digestion of isolated glomeruli from glomerulonephritic kidneys. With methylated albumin-kieselguhr fractionated 3H-HeLa DNA as a source of native or single-strand DNA antigen in a modified Farr assay, an increased level of antibody to native DNA was associated with active systemic lupus erythematosus, particularly active nephritis. The avidity of antinative DNA estimated from plots of the reciprocals of bound and free antigen according to the Sips distribution formula was significanly lower in active glomerulonephritis sera than in sera from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus without nephritis. However, antinative DNA of uniformly high avidity was found in the glomerular eluates. Avidity of single-strand DNA antibodies did not differ in the various patient groups. The data stronly supprot a major role for high avidity antinative-DNA in DNA/antiDNA immune complex-induced glomerular injury in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Abstract P3-06-04: Role of pMAPkinase, pAKT, p27 &amp; IGF-IR as predictive markers of response to trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive invasive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy + trastuzumab in the REMAGUS02 trial
Authors: MC Mathieu, A Goubar, B Sigal, P Bertheau, JM Guinebretière, F André, JY Pierga, S Delaloge, S Giacchetti, E Brain, M Marty
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Predicting a benefit from trastuzumab in patients with HER2+ breast cancer remains an important goal. Possible mechanisms of resistance include altered receptor antibody interaction, Akt and MAPK pathways, and loss of p27. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between pMAPkinase (pMAPK), pAKT, p27, IGF-IR protein expression and the benefit of trastuzumab for patients randomized to chemotherapy (CT) alone and CT with trastuzumab. Patients and methods: From May 2004 to October 2007, 120 patients with stage II and III HER2+ breast carcinomas were enrolled in a phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with epirubicin-cyclophosphamide (4 courses) followed by docetaxel ± trastuzumab (T) (4 courses). A complete pathological response (pCR) was defined by the absence of residual invasive carcinoma in the breast and axillary lymph nodes. A tissue microarray was constructed from paraffin-embedded tumor samples collected prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients' tumours were scored HER2 3+ immunohistochemically (IHC) or 2+ IHC with HER2 amplification by FISH. Immunohistochemical analysis of pMAPK, pAKT, p27 and IGF-IR was performed on tumor tissue microarrays before CT. The H-score (intensity × %) was evaluated. Specimens were classified as exhibiting high or low expression based on a median value as the cut-off point for each marker. A logistic regression model, including the marker and its interaction with treatment, was used to analyse the markers predictive of a treatment effect on the pCR. The independent predictive value was analysed in a multivariate logistic regression adjusting on the lymph node and ER status. Results: 117/120 (97.5%) patients had sufficient tumor for the analysis. The pCR rate was 19% in the CT arm and 25% in the CT+T arm. The median H-score was: pMAPK = 28, pAKT= 25, p27= 50 and IGF-IR = 15. No significant difference was observed in the pCR rate between the two arms according to pAKT, p27, IGF-IR expression. The pCR rate was higher in CT+T compared to CT alone in patients with high pMAPK expression (OR = 4.7 (0.9–24.2); interaction p = 0.03). No difference was observed in the pCR rate in patients with low pMAPK expression (OR = 0.5 (0.1–1.8). Conclusions: In HER2-positive breast cancers, pMAPK expression evaluated by IHC was significantly associated with a pathological response in the arm with neoadjuvant trastuzumab. High pMAPK expression could be a predictive marker of response to trastuzumab in a CT +T regimen. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-04.