tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug-Induced Blood Disorders
Authors: Joseph R. Bertino
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This book by de Gruchy is a valuable reference work for practitioners and hematologists. Although Professor de Gruchy was suffering from a terminal illness, he managed to complete the book, except for a chapter on sideroblastic anemia induced by drugs, which is referenced only, before his death in October 1974.  The book is divided into eight chapters, the first three dealing with general aspects of drug reactions and principles of diagnosis, reporting and prevention, and the last five dealing with specific drug reactions: aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. These last five chapters are well done and referenced, and proper attention is given to treatment and recognition of the offending drug.  Unfortunately, despite the data included from the World Health Organization Research Centre for International Monitoring of Adverse Reactions, these data do not give true incidence figures, nor are they available anywhere. However, even with this reservation
Incidence and Intensity of F-18 FDG Uptake After Vaccination With H1N1 Vaccine
Authors: Irene A. Burger, Lars Husmann, Thomas F. Hany, Daniel T. Schmid, Niklaus G. Schaefer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

To analyze the effect of H1N1 influenza A virus vaccination in patients referred for staging or follow-up F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for different malignant tumors.Medical history of all patients scheduled for FDG PET/CT during the national vaccination campaign against H1N1 was evaluated for recent vaccination. Site of injection and time between PET/CT and the date of vaccination (dTime) was determined. A difference in the maximum SUV between ipsi- and contralateral deltoid muscle or axillary lymph node of more than 0.5 was determined as positive reaction. The best cut-off dTime for still visible reaction was calculated. All patients with positive ipsilateral lymph node were clinically followed. Institutional Review Board approval was waived.Of 269 patients, 58 (21.5%) were vaccinated for the H1N1 within 4 weeks prior to PET/CT (mean, 14.5 ± 8.7 days). Of them, 17 (29.3%) patients had FDG-positive lymph nodes (mean SUV, 1.43 ± 1.06), with a dTime range from 1 to 14 days. Only 2 of them had no increased FDG uptake in the ipsilateral deltoid muscle. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve revealed a strong relation between time delay (dTime) and axillary activity (AUC, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.816-0.983) with a cutoff at 8 days (Youden Index). At follow-up (mean, 183 days; range, 173-196 days), no patient was found to have required treatment or signs of axillary lymphadenopathy.H1N1 vaccination can cause false-positive FDG PET/CT findings, when administered less than 14 days before the test, with the highest probability if the vaccination was administered less than 8 days ago. Increased FDG activity in the ipsilateral deltoid muscle is a key finding for accurate interpretation of increased FDG activity in axillary lymph nodes.
"FREE BEDS FOR MEDICAL TEACHING"
Authors: William Ophuls
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In connection with your editorial of Dec. 24, 1927, on free beds for medical teaching, you may be interested in the arrangement which we have at the Lane Hospital, which is the teaching hospital of the Stanford University School of Medicine. We have always had a definite ward rate for clinic patients which has gradually had to be increased from originally about $15 a week to $4 a day. Even this, as you know, at the present time does not actually cover the cost of maintenance of the patients. It is assumed that for the privilege of getting free medical attention of the best order patients are willing to be used as clinical material, and so far as I know we have no difficulty in having our medical students have full access to these patients for purposes of examination and observation. In order to provide for those
Inhibition of gastric secretion by the pyloric antrum
Authors: M. H. Wheeler
Journal: Gut (1974)

Progress report Inhibition of gastric secretion by the, pyloric antrum Early ConceptsThe observation that the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsin by the stomach was markedly increased after ingestion of a meal and virtually abolished during the interdigestive phase formed a basis for the suspicion that gastric secretion was regulated by the interaction of both stimulatory and inhibitory processes.The credit for recognizing an inhibitory mechanism regulating gastric secretion must go to Pavlov and his coworkers.It was Sokolovl, working at St Petersburg, who found that the introduction of 0.5 % hydrochloric acid into the canine stomach could diminish the output of acid from a Pavlov pouch in response to a meat meal.But, early opinion regarding the existence of an intragastric mechanism controlling gastric secretion was somewhat divided.Pavlov2 postulated that gastric juice was secreted at a constant acidity but that alkaline mucus altered the acidity either by dilution or neutralization.Otherss agreed with Pavlov but felt that acid secretion had to cease before any mucus effect could take place.MacLean and his coworkers4 5,6 believed that the strength of acid either placed in the stomach or secreted by the stomach itself and allowed to accumulate reached a certain level at which point the parietal cells ceased to secrete hydrochloric acid.Demonstrating this phenomenon in canine innervated fundic (Pavlov) pouches and the intact human stomach, they felt that gastric acidity having reached a certain level was then diluted by the secretion of fluid rich in neutral chlorides.These views were really modifications of the hypothesis advanced by Rose- mann7 that the gastric glands secreted acid and neutral chlorides in varying proportions according to the intensity of the stimulus.Evidence against such a mechanism however came from the work of Hollander8'9, who found a direct relationship between total chloride and acid concentration in the gastric juices over a considerable range of acidity.Some investigators attributed the regulation of gastric acidity to the neutralizing effect of alkaline fluid, either regurgitated from the duodenum10. 11or secreted by the pyloric mucosa12,13.Confirmation of Sokolov's finding that the intragastric acidity was of importance in regulating gastric acid secretion was provided by Wilhelmj and others14.Collecting acid via a gastric tube they found that the canine gastric secretory response to a test meal was inhibited by adding hydrochloric acid to the meal before its ingestion.This inhibition was proportional to the con- centration of hydrochloric acid added to the meal, being pronounced with 0.077 normal acid and virtually complete at a concentration of 0-1 normal.
Catheter Techniques for Ablation of Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Melvin M. Scheinman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Drug therapy is the standard approach to the treatment of patients with cardiac-rhythm disturbances, but its limitations are well appreciated. The clinician should therefore be aware of the extraordinary strides that have been made during the past decade in the use of surgery, pacemakers, defibrillators, and catheterization techniques1 for the treatment of these problems. This essay will focus on the rationale and clinical role of catheter ablation in the treatment of patients with symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia.Catheterization techniques were first introduced for the total disruption of the atrioventricular conduction system in patients with supraventricular tachycardia refractory to drugs and antitachycardia . . .
Relationship of Participation Preference and Health Locus of Control in Diabetes Education
Authors: Dorothy A Ruzicki
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

The relationship between health locus of control type and preference for educational approach was examined in 89 diabetic adults, both hospitalized and ambulatory. In addition, subject personal and demographic variables were examined as they related to health locus of control type and preference for approach. No association was found between hypothesized health locus of control types and preferences for approach. A majority of all health locus of control types (64%) preferred a prescriptive approach. Hospitalized subjects and those who had not attended formal diabetes classes tended to believe that powerful other people had an impact on their health, while subjects who were ambulatory, and those who had previous formal instruction perceived themselves to be more responsible for their health; younger subjects also held high internal beliefs. Participatory approaches were preferred by younger subjects and those who had received formal diabetes instruction. The findings suggested that although educational approaches that maximize participation have been advocated, they did not appear to be the preferred approach. Although participatory approaches might actually be more efficacious in producing behavior change, the finding that people might not prefer them underscores the importance of tailoring educational methodology to individuals; age, place of instruction, and previous diabetes education are factors to be considered in tailoring programs.
Nursing Home Patients Underserved
Authors: Mary Shepard
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The forecast of an oversupply of physicians in the United States has become a topic of regular discussion<sup>1</sup>and was again noted in a recent article by Schroeder<sup>2</sup>inThe Journal. If there is to be an abundance of physicians in the near future, then it is important to explore areas that are underserved by doctors at present. International health is mentioned in a recent article as one such example.<sup>3</sup>However, we do not need to leave our country to find areas in desperate need of physician involvement. The nursing home is one health care facility relatively neglected by physicians. Traditionally, medical residencies have not acquainted physician trainees with long-term-care settings. An official recognition<sup>4</sup>of the internist's responsibility to provide quality care to the chronically ill has led our medical residency program to develop a geriatric medicine component that includes a community nursing
A regulatory variant in CCR6 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility
Authors: Yuta Kochi, Yukinori Okada, Akari Suzuki, Katsunori Ikari, Chikashi Terao, Atsushi Takahashi, Keiko Yamazaki, Naoya Hosono, Keiko Myouzen, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Naoyuki Kamatani, Tatsuya Furuichi, Shiro Ikegawa, Koichiro Ohmura, Tsuneyo Mimori, Fumihiko Matsuda, Takuji Iwamoto, Shigeki Momohara, Hisashi Yamanaka, Ryo Yamada, Michiaki Kubo, Yusuke Nakamura, Kazuhiko Yamamoto
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Single Case Study of Brain FDG PET Imaging in a Patient With Catatonia
Authors: Dane Breker, Nicolaas I. Bohnen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a case of bilateral occipitotemporal and thalamic hypometabolism on FDG PET in a 19-year-old male patient who presented with altered mental status. He had a history of static encephalopathy and presented with visual hallucinations and decreased verbal output, sleep, and appetite 7 days after starting amoxicillin for otitis media. Extensive evaluation failed to demonstrate any infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune-mediated (including negative testing for NMDA receptor antibody), paraneoplastic, or toxic-metabolic etiology. Ultimately, he responded well to a benzodiazepine challenge and electroconvulsive therapy and was diagnosed with catatonia.
EVOLUTION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Ben W. Papermaster, Richard M. Condie, Joanne Finstad, Robert A. Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

1. The California hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii, seems to be completely lacking in adaptive immunity: it forms no detectable circulating antibody despite intensive stimulation with a range of antigens; it does not show reactivity to old tuberculin following sensitization with BCG; and gives no evidence of homograft immunity. 2. Studies on the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, have been limited to the response to bacteriophage T(2) and hemocyanin in small groups of spawning animals. They suggest that the lamprey may have a low degree of immunologic reactivity. 3. One holostean, the bowfin (Amia calva) and the guitarfish (Rhinobatos productus), an elasmobranch, showed a low level of primary response to phage and hemocyanin. The response is slow and antibody levels low. Both the bowfin and the guitarfish showed a vigorous secondary response to phage, but neither showed much enhancement of reactivity to hemocyanin in the secondary response. The bowfin formed precipitating antibody to hemocyanin, but the guitarfish did not. Both hemagglutinating and precipitating antibody to hemocyanin were also observed in the primary response of the black bass. 4. The bowfin was successfully sensitized to Ascaris antigen, and lesions of the delayed type developed after challenge at varying intervals following sensitization. 5. The horned shark (Heterodontus franciscii) regularly cleared hemocyanin from the circulation after both primary and secondary antigenic stimulation, and regularly formed hemagglutinating antibody, but not precipitating antibody, after both primary and secondary stimulation with this antigen. These animals regularly cleared bacteriophage from the circulation after both the primary and secondary stimulation with bacteriophage T(2). Significant but small amounts of antibody were produced in a few animals in the primary response, and larger amounts in the responding animals after secondary antigenic stimulation. 6. Studies by starch gel and immunoelectrophoresis show that the hagfish has no bands with mobilities of mammalian gamma globulins; that the lamprey has a single, relatively faint band of this type; and that multiple gamma bands are characteristic of the holostean, elasmobranchs, and teleosts studied. By this method of study, the bowfin appeared to have substantial amounts of gamma(2) globulin. 7. We conclude that adaptive immunity and its cellular and humoral correlates developed in the lowest vertebrates, and that a rising level of immunologic reactivity and an increasingly differentiated and complex immunologic mechanism are observed going up the phylogenetic scale from the hagfish, to the lamprey, to the elasmobranchs, to the holosteans, and finally the teleosts.
Age is not only criterion for flu vaccine
Authors: J. S Nguyen-Van-Tam, M. H Kyaw, J. C G Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—The Department of Health has announced that influenza vaccine is to be recommended for all people aged 75 and over with effect from the 1998-9 winter season1 this represents an extension to the previous policy of targeting people of all ages with high risk conditions.2 We welcome universal targeting of very elderly people, which offers favourable cost benefit and simpler …
VA in the Vanguard: Building on Success in Smoking Cessation
Authors: Michael J. Roy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Medical Writings: Book Notes19 September 2006VA in the Vanguard: Building on Success in Smoking CessationMichael J. Roy, MD, MPHMichael J. Roy, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-6-200609190-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Isaacs SL, Schroeder SA, Simon JA., eds. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; 2005. Available at smokingcessationleadership.ucsf.edu/AboutSCLC_vanguard.html.Fields of medicine: Primary care and mental health.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Veterans Affairs (VA) health care professionals and all other clinicians.Purpose: To review the smoking cessation efforts of the VA and other evidence to clarify the best practices to implement.Content: Unlike many conference proceedings texts, this book is generally coherent. It conveys a clear message and avoids repetition. The authors deserve credit for the success of the book: They invited national experts to write papers and distributed the papers ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 September 2006Volume 145, Issue 6Page: 476KeywordsInternetPosttraumatic stress disorderPrevention, policy, and public healthPrimary care physiciansPsychiatry and mental healthPublic policyScience policySmoking cessationSoftware toolsVeteran care ePublished: 19 September 2006 Issue Published: 19 September 2006 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of cereblon-binding proteins and relationship with response and survival after IMiDs in multiple myeloma
Authors: Yuan Xiao Zhu, Esteban Braggio, Chang-Xin Shi, K. Martin Kortuem, Laura A. Bruins, Jessica E. Schmidt, Xiu-Bao Chang, Paul Langlais, Moulun Luo, Patrick Jedlowski, Betsy LaPlant, Kristina Laumann, Rafael Fonseca, P. Leif Bergsagel, Joseph Mikhael, Martha Lacy, Mia D. Champion, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2014)
Case fatality rates after admission to hospital with stroke: linked database study
Authors: S. E Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Population based mortality for stroke has declined in most Western countries during the past few decades. 1 This is probably because of a decrease in both the incidence of and case fatality from stroke over this period. [2]3][4] Routine statistics generally do not provide long term trends in case fatality, and few studies have looked at differences in case fatality rates between hospitals. 5We used routine hospital data, which had been linked to mortality data in the former Oxford health region of England, to study case fatality rates after admission for stroke and to compare rates between different periods and different hospitals.
Frailty and Adherence to Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in Older Women With Breast Cancer: CALGB Protocol 369901
Authors: Vanessa B. Sheppard, Leigh Anne Faul, George Luta, Jonathan D. Clapp, Rachel L. Yung, Judy Huei-yu Wang, Gretchen Kimmick, Claudine Isaacs, Michelle Tallarico, William T. Barry, Brandelyn N. Pitcher, Clifford Hudis, Eric P. Winer, Harvey J. Cohen, Hyman B. Muss, Arti Hurria, Jeanne S. Mandelblatt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Most patients with breast cancer age ≥ 65 years (ie, older patients) are eligible for adjuvant hormonal therapy, but use is not universal. We examined the influence of frailty on hormonal therapy noninitiation and discontinuation.A prospective cohort of 1,288 older women diagnosed with invasive, nonmetastatic breast cancer recruited from 78 sites from 2004 to 2011 were included (1,062 had estrogen receptor-positive tumors). Interviews were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and annually for up to 7 years to collect sociodemographic, health care, and psychosocial data. Hormonal initiation was defined from records and discontinuation from self-report. Baseline frailty was measured using a previously validated 35-item scale and grouped as prefrail or frail versus robust. Logistic regression and proportional hazards models were used to assess factors associated with noninitiation and discontinuation, respectively.Most women (76.4%) were robust. Noninitiation of hormonal therapy was low (14%), but in prefrail or frail (v robust) women the odds of noninitiation were 1.63 times as high (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.40; P = .013) after covariate adjustment. Nonwhites (v whites) had higher odds of noninitiation (odds ratio, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.80; P = .033) after covariate adjustment. Among initiators, the 5-year continuation probability was 48.5%. After adjustment, the risk of discontinuation was higher with increasing age (P = .005) and lower for stage ≥ IIB (v stage I) disease (P = .003).Frailty is associated with noninitiation of hormonal therapy, but it does not seem to be a major predictor of early discontinuation in older patients.
The Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form (DES-SF)
Authors: Robert M. Anderson, James T. Fitzgerald, Larry D. Gruppen, Martha M. Funnell, Mary S. Oh
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Results from a population-based survey Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic proficiency of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-III definitions (1,2) for the metabolic syndrome in a Mexican nationwide, population-based survey.Details of the sampling procedures have been previously described (3).The population was composed of 2,158 men and women aged 20 -69 years sampled after a 9-to 12-h fasting period.For the WHO criteria, insulin resistance was diagnosed if a nondiabetic case had fasting insulin concentrations Ն126 pmol/l (21 U/ml) (Ͼ75th percentile in Mexican adults).The ageadjusted prevalence was 13.61% for the WHO criteria (n ϭ 268) and 26.6% for the NCEP-III definition (n ϭ 574).After excluding patients with diabetes, the prevalence was 9.2 and 21.4%, respectively.The agreement between the definitions was assessed in 1,969 subjects; 189 cases were eliminated due to the lack of a urine sample.The number of abnormal cases was lower using the WHO criteria.Only 237 of the 545 subjects (43.4%) who fulfilled the NCEP criteria were diagnosed as affected using the WHO definition.Just 16 of 253 cases (6.3%) detected by the WHO definition did not fulfill the NCEP definition.The agreement between the criteria was moderate ( ϭ 0.507).On the other hand, the subjects diagnosed using the WHO recommendations had a worse profile than the cases detected by the NCEP-III definition only-they had a higher BMI and higher non-HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose concentrations.The demonstration of insulin resistance among the nondiabetic population caused the lack of agreement in 202 of the 242 cases that fulfilled the NCEP definition but failed the WHO criteria.Other reasons for disparity were the higher thresholds used by the WHO criteria; these differences explained the lack of agreement in 66 of the 152 cases with diabetes.In conclusion, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is influenced by the selection of the diagnostic criteria.The WHO criteria identified a lower number of cases than the NCEP-III definition.These differences were explained mainly by the inclusion of abnormally high insulin concentrations as a diagnostic criterion.However, the presence of insulin resistance may help to identify patients more severely affected (4).