tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Methoxyestradiols Mediate the Antimitogenic Effects of 17β-Estradiol
Authors: Lefteris C. Zacharia, Joseph A. Gogos, Maria Karayiorgou, Edwin K. Jackson, Delbert G. Gillespie, Federica Barchiesi, Raghvendra K. Dubey
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Studies using pharmacological agents suggest but do not prove that the antimitogenic effects of estradiol are caused by conversion of estradiol to hydroxyestradiols (mediated by CYP450s) followed by methylation of hydroxyestradiols to methoxyestradiols (mediated by catechol-O-methyltransferase, COMT).To test this hypothesis more rigorously, we used aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from mice lacking COMT (COMT-KO). Wild-type (WT) but not COMT-KO SMCs efficiently converted 2-hydroxyestradiol to 2-methoxyestradiol. Both WT and COMT-KO SMCs expressed estrogen receptors. Estradiol and 2-hydroxyestradiol concentration-dependently inhibited serum-induced DNA synthesis, cell numbers, and collagen synthesis in WT but not COMT-KO SMCs. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibited DNA synthesis, cell numbers, and collagen synthesis in both WT and COMT-KO SMCs.These data provide strong evidence that the vascular antimitogenic effects of estradiol are estrogen receptor-independent and involve the sequential conversion of estradiol to hydroxyestradiols and then to methoxyestradiols.
Nonlinearity of radiation health effects.
Authors: M Pollycove
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The prime concern of radiation protection policy since 1959 has been to protect DNA from damage. In 1994 the United Nations Scientific Community on the Effects of Atomic Radiation focused on biosystem response to radiation with its report Adaptive Responses to Radiation of Cells and Organisms. The 1995 National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements report Principles and Application of Collective Dose in Radiation Protection states that because no human data provides direct support for the linear nonthreshold hypothesis (LNT), confidence in LNT is based on the biophysical concept that the passage of a single charged particle could cause damage to DNA that would result in cancer. Several statistically significant epidemiologic studies contradict the validity of this concept by showing risk decrements, i.e., hormesis, of cancer mortality and mortality from all causes in populations exposed to low-dose radiation. Unrepaired low-dose radiation damage to DNA is negligible compared to metabolic damage. The DNA damage-control biosystem is physiologically operative on both metabolic and radiation damage and effected predominantly by free radicals. The DNA damage-control biosystem is suppressed by high dose and stimulated by low-dose radiation. The hormetic effect of low-dose radiation may be explained by its increase of biosystem efficiency. Improved DNA damage control reduces persistent mis- or unrepaired DNA damage i.e., the number of mutations that accumulate during a lifetime. This progressive accumulation of gene mutations in stem cells is associated with decreasing DNA damage control, aging, and malignancy. Recognition of the positive health effects produced by adaptive responses to low-dose radiation would result in a realistic assessment of the environmental risk of radiation.
Motor Disorder in Psychiatry: Towards a Neurologic Psychiatry
Authors: Esther Somerfeld-Ziskind
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Now that psychoanalysis is on the wane, inevitably earlier opinions in psychiatry will resurface. In<i>Motor Disorder in Psychiatry</i>, Daniel Rogers reminds us that in the 19th century, Griesenger in Germany called insanity "a disease of the brain" and Maudsley in England said, "The deranged mind is no more than the deranged function of the supreme nervous centers of the body." In the 1930s several outstanding New York psychiatrists and neurologists followed up the influenza and encephalitis lethargica epidemics of 1918. They found that at least 20% of their patients had long-term psychiatric disturbances of various categories, including schizophrenia. I wondered at the time why this had made no impact on psychiatric thinking. Perhaps our "love affair with psychoanalysis" blinded us to the organicity of psychiatric illness. Rogers sees how psychology, though inadequate, can satisfy the need for an understandable etiology. But he calls various insights by the greatest neurologists
Managing the Health Effects of Temperature in Response to Climate Change: Challenges Ahead
Authors: Cunrui Huang, Adrian G. Barnett, Zhiwei Xu, Cordia Chu, Xiaoming Wang, Lyle R. Turner, Shilu Tong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Background: Although many studies have shown that high temperatures are associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity, there has been little research on managing the process of planned adaptation to alleviate the health effects of heat events and climate change. In particular, economic evaluation of public health adaptation strategies has been largely absent from both the scientific literature and public policy discussion.Objectives: We examined how public health organizations should implement adaptation strategies and, second, how to improve the evidence base required to make an economic case for policies that will protect the public's health from heat events and climate change.Discussion: Public health adaptation strategies to cope with heat events and climate change fall into two categories: reducing the heat exposure and managing the health risks. Strategies require a range of actions, including timely public health and medical advice, improvements to housing and urban planning, early warning systems, and assurance that health care and social systems are ready to act. Some of these actions are costly, and given scarce financial resources the implementation should be based on the cost-effectiveness analysis. Therefore, research is required not only on the temperature-related health costs, but also on the costs and benefits of adaptation options. The scientific community must ensure that the health co-benefits of climate change policies are recognized, understood, and quantified.Conclusions: The integration of climate change adaptation into current public health practice is needed to ensure the adaptation strategies increase future resilience. The economic evaluation of temperature-related health costs and public health adaptation strategies are particularly important for policy decisions.
Education in Ethicsn for Health Professionals
Authors: George A. Kanoti
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with great interest the SPECIAL COMMUNICATION entitled "Health Policy Agenda for the American People: Phase I: The Principles."<sup>1</sup>I was surprised to see that although the document in several places includes either direct or indirect references to ethical principles and the ethical dimensions of the topics addressed by the various work groups, the principles found in group II (education principles) do<i>not</i>direct that ethics should be taught in education programs for the health professional. The agenda acknowledges the need to address ethical considerations in the areas of research, systems of health care provision, and evaluation, assessment, and control. However, if health care professionals do not understand ethics because their educational preparation does not require the study of ethics, health care personnel will be ill-prepared to address these ethical issues and the health care personnel group should include as one of its education principles
Histology of human tubulo-interstitial nephritis associated with antibodies to renal basement membranes
Authors: Giuseppe Andres, Jan Brentjens, Romesh Kohli, Ronald Anthone, Sidney Anthone, Tadla Baliah, Mario Montes, Basab K. Mookerjee, Anthony Prezyna, Marion Sepulveda, Rocco Venuto, Charles Elwood
Journal: Kidney International (1978)
Prazosin, Diuretics, and Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Alan N. Peiris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 October 1993Prazosin, Diuretics, and Glucose IntoleranceAlan N. Peiris, MD, Majula K. Pandit, MD, and Anil Minocha, MDAlan N. Peiris, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Majula K. Pandit, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Anil Minocha, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-8-199310150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Drs. Ross and Moser for their comments. The meta-analysis they cite indicates a significant reduction in coronary heart disease; however, this needs to be confirmed by carefully done prospective studies in view of the extensive literature indicating that thiazide diuretics may not significantly reduce coronary artery disease despite achieving adequate blood pressure control [1]. Moreover, thiazides neither induce regression of left ventricular hypertrophy nor reduce the risk for cardiac arrhythmias, which may predispose patients to sudden death [2]. The diabetogenic effects of thiazides are well described. We believe that further sophisticated studies of pulsatile insulin secretion ...References1. Ames RP. Negative effects of diuretic drugs on metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease: possible alternative drug therapies. Am J Cardiol. 1983; 51:632-8. Google Scholar2. Messerli FH, Nunez BD, Nunez MM, Garavaglia GE, Schmieder RE, Ventura HO. Hypertension and sudden death. Disparate effects of calcium entry blocker and diuretic therapy on cardiac dysrhythmias. Arch Intern Med. 1989; 149:1263-7. Google Scholar3. Peiris AN, Stagner JI, Vogel RL, Nakagawa A, Samols E. Body fat distribution and peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy men: role of insulin pulsatility. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992; 75:290-4. Google Scholar4. Polonsky KS, Given BD, Hirsch LJ, Tillil H, Shapiro ET, Beebe C, et al. Abnormal patterns of insulin secretion in non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1988; 318:1231-9. Google Scholar5. Khoury AF, Kaplan NM. Alpha-blocker therapy of hypertensives: an unfulfilled promise. JAMA. 1991; 266:394-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1993Volume 119, Issue 8Page: 859-860KeywordsDiureticsGlucoseGlucose intoleranceGlucose toleranceInsulinInsulin secretionLeft ventricular hypertrophyMusclesProspective studiesStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE EFFECT OF INTRAFAMILY DISCORD ON THE PROGNOSIS OF EPILEPSY
Authors: JERRY C. PRICE, TRACY J. PUTNAM
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1944)

In many cases of epilepsy, the seizures themselves may be controlled by treatment or are not incapacitating, and yet the patient is unable to make a satisfactory social and economic adjustment. The emotional handicaps produced by any chronic disease have long been recognized. In regard to epilepsy, however, faulty attitudes such as shame, over-protectiveness, over-strictness, etc., on the part of the patient's family constitute a particularly serious barrier to recovery. Typical case histories are presented, and suggestions are made as to methods of correcting the attitudes at fault.
CD3 hyporesponsiveness and in vitro apoptosis are features of T cells from both malignant and nonmalignant secondary lymphoid organs.
Authors: S Agrawal, J Marquet, M H Delfau-Larue, C Copie-Bergman, H Jouault, F Reyes, A Bensussan, J P Farcet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

There is a dogma in tumor immunology that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are defective based on their lack of antitumoral efficacy in vivo and on impaired response to in vitro functional tests. However, TIL have been compared usually with peripheral blood T lymphocytes, raising doubts on the conclusions drawn. Therefore, we compared TIL from B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) with T cells from nonmalignant secondary lymphoid organs. NHL-TIL were unresponsive to activation by immobilized anti-CD3 mAb, although bypassing T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 signaling led to proliferation. The poor proliferative responses of NHL-TIL could not be explained by quantitative defects in TCRzeta expression. NHL-TIL underwent marked spontaneous apoptosis in vitro with loss of approximately 50% of cells after 24 h of culture. This was associated with downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 proteins, whereas viable NHL-TIL maintained their expression. IL-2, anti-CD3/IL-2, and manipulation of the Fas/Fas-ligand death pathway had no effect on NHL-TIL survival. Apoptosis was not due to increased cell cycling, as NHL-TIL were quiescent, nonproliferating cells. T cells from inflammatory, nonmalignant tissues gave similar functional results to NHL-TIL, suggesting the existence of factors common to the microenvironment of these diverse pathologies. Thus, the quiescent, anergic phenotype of NHL-TIL cannot be attributed solely to tumor factors, but rather is a feature of T cells from chronic inflammatory lesions.
Obama proposes "saving" $320bn from Medicare and Medicaid
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The US president, Barack Obama, has proposed saving $320bn (£210bn; €240bn) in Medicare and Medicaid spending over the next 10 years. The proposal comes amid political jockeying over growth and deficit reduction that has intensified in Washington, DC, in the past 12 months.

It was submitted to the so called “supercommittee” created by Congress this summer as part of the short term compromise to lift the debt ceiling and avert a government fiscal crisis. If the supercommittee doesn’t reach a deal on deficit reduction by the end of the year, a series of automatic cuts in spending will take place.

Material provided by the White House says that “The president will veto …
Should We Be Applying Warfarin Pharmacogenetics to Clinical Practice? No, Not Now
Authors: Michael H. Rosove
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration modified warfarin labeling in 2007 to suggest, but not mandate, pharmacogenetic testing. Genetic analysis is now commercially available. However, results predict only one third of all dosing variation, the value of testing in reducing bleeding and thrombosis rates remains unproved, and cost-effectiveness is not established. Careful consideration of clinical factors that influence dosing, conscientious prothrombin time monitoring, and sage dosage adjustment remain paramount in warfarin management. Further study is required before routine warfarin pharmacogenetic testing can be recommended.
COMPARISON OF MURINE ABSCESS AND TUMOR UPTAKE OF SMALL UNILAMELLAR VESICLES (SUVs)
Authors: Lawrence E. Williams, K. R. Patel, George W. Tin, Richard T. Proffitt, John D. Baldeschwieler
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Williams, Lawrence E.; Patel, K. R.; Tin, George W.; Proffitt, Richard T.; Baldeschwieler, John D. Author Information
PENDING FEATURES OF REFRACTORY HYPERTROPHIC OBSTRUCTS CARDIOMYOPATHY WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Mike Saji Makoto Suzuki, Itaru Takamisawa, Mitsuhiko Ohta, Keitaro Mahara, Kanki Inoue, Tetsuya Tobaru, Nobuo Iguchi, Morimasa Takayama, Hitonobu Tomoike
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Erythromelalgia Without Arteriolar Changes
Authors: Pascal Priollet, Patrick Bruneval, Isabelle Lazareth, Michel Vayssairat, Edouard Housset, Michel Barthelemy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1985Erythromelalgia Without Arteriolar ChangesPASCAL PRIOLLET, M.D., PATRICK BRUNEVAL, M.D., ISABELLE LAZARETH, M.D., MICHEL VAYSSAIRAT, M.D., EDOUARD HOUSSET, M.D., MICHEL BARTHELEMY, M.D.PASCAL PRIOLLET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PATRICK BRUNEVAL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ISABELLE LAZARETH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MICHEL VAYSSAIRAT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EDOUARD HOUSSET, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MICHEL BARTHELEMY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-4-639_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Michiels and colleagues (1) postulate in a recent issue that erythromelalgia associated with thrombocythemia is caused by platelet-mediated arteriolar inflammation. They emphasize that occlusive arteriolar changes play a part in the pathogenesis of erythromelalgia (1, 2). We have recently seen a case of erythromelalgia without arteriolar changes.A 19-year-old woman had had recurrent attacks of burning and stinging pain involving the lower extremities, particularly her feet, since 1979. These attacks were accompanied by red discoloration. The patient has noticed that her symptoms could be relieved by cooling her feet. These symptoms were similar to those previously described...References1. MICHIELSABELSSTEKETEE JJJ. Erythromelalgia caused by platelet-mediated arteriolar inflammation and thrombosis in thrombocytemia. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:466-71. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MICHIELSTEN KATEVUZEVSKI JFV. Histopathology of erythromelalgia in thrombocythaemia. Histopathology. 1984;8:669-78. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BROWN G. Erythromelalgia and other disturbances of the extremities accompanied by vasodilatation and burning. Am J Med Sci. 1932;183:468-85. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. EICHKOFFISHIHARAJACOBSEN JSE. PaO2 by skin electrode. Lancet. 1979;2:1188-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centre Hospitalier François Quesnay 78201 Mantes-la-Jolie France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCutaneous manifestations of metabolic diseases: uncommon presentationsCutaneous Pathology in Primary ErythermalgiaAutosomal dominant erythromelalgiaErythromelalgia: Review of clinical characteristics and pathophysiologyTreatment of primary erythromelalgia with piroxicamErythromelalgia*Idiopathic erythermalgia: A congenital disorderInterpreting laboratory resultsClouds over witnessesErythromelalgia induced by nicardipine. 1 October 1985Volume 103, Issue 4Page: 639-639KeywordsInflammationPainPathogenesisThrombocytosis Issue Published: 1 October 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Circulating Kidney Injury Molecule 1 Predicts Prognosis and Poor Outcome in Patients With Acetaminophen‐Induced Liver Injury
Authors: Daniel J. Antoine, Venkata S. Sabbisetti, Ben Francis, Andrea L. Jorgensen, Darren G.N. Craig, Kenneth J. Simpson, Joseph V. Bonventre, B. Kevin Park, James W. Dear
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Acute kidney injury in the context of acetaminophen (APAP; paracetamol)‐induced liver injury is an important predictor of the requirement for urgent liver transplantation (LT) to avoid death. However, the prognostic biomarker used to report kidney dysfunction (serum creatinine concentration) has suboptimal sensitivity and specificity. Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM‐1) can be quantified in plasma as a sensitive and specific biomarker of kidney injury in both clinical and preclinical studies. Therefore, plasma KIM‐1 has potential as a sensitive prognostic biomarker of patient outcome post‐APAP overdose. In a cohort of APAP overdose patients (N = 74) with and without established liver injury, we quantified plasma KIM‐1 by immunoassay on the first day of admission to a LT unit and assessed its diagnostic performance to predict outcome compared with serum creatinine concentration. Day 1 plasma KIM‐1 was significantly elevated in patients that died or required LT, compared to spontaneous survivors (1,182 ± 251 vs. 214 ± 45 pg/mL; P &lt; 0.005). Receiver operator characteristic analysis demonstrated the superiority of KIM‐1 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78‐0.95; 0.56 sensitivity at 0.95 specificity), compared with serum creatinine (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64‐0.87; 0.08 sensitivity at 0.95 specificity) and other current prognostic indicators, when measured on the first day of enrollment into the study. Furthermore, KIM‐1 was found to be a statistically significant independent predictor of outcome at the 5% level ( P &lt; 0.0386) in a multivariable logistic regression model that considered all measured factors (pseudo‐R^2 = 0.895). Conclusion : Early measurement of plasma KIM‐1 represents a more sensitive predictor of patient outcome than serum creatinine concentration post‐APAP overdose. With further development, plasma KIM‐1 could significantly improve prognostic stratification. (H epatology 2015;62:591–599
Randomized Trial of Doxorubicin, Bisantrene, and Miltoxantrone in Advanced Breast Cancer: A Southwest Oncology Group Study
Authors: J. D. Cowan, J. Neidhart, S. Mcclure, C. A. Coltman, C. Gumbart, S. Martino, L. F. Hutchins, R. L. Stephens, C. B. Vaughan, C. K. Osborne
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Randomized Trial of Doxorubicin, Bisantrene, and Miltoxantrone in Advanced Breast Cancer: A Southwest Oncology Group Study Get access John D. Cowan, John D. Cowan * Mountain Cancer Treatment CenterMaryville, Term * Correspondence to: John D. Cowan, M.D., Mountain Cancer Treatment Center, P.O. Box 4098, Maryville. TN 37802-098 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James Neidhart, James Neidhart Ohio State University Health CenterColumbus, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Suzanne Mcclure, Suzanne Mcclure University of Texas Medical Branch-GalvestonGalveston, Tex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles A. Coltman, Jr., Charles A. Coltman, Jr. University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan Antonio, Tex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Conrad Gumbart, Conrad Gumbart Louisiana State University Medical CenterNew Orleans, La Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Silvana Martino, Silvana Martino Wayne State University Medical CenterDetroit, Mich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laura F. Hutchins, Laura F. Hutchins University of Arkansas for Medical ScienceLittle Rock, Ark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald L. Stephens, Ronald L. Stephens University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas City, Kan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clarencen B. Vaughan, Clarencen B. Vaughan Providence HospitalSouthfield, Mich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. Kent Osborne C. Kent Osborne University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan Antonio, Tex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 15, 7 August 1991, Pages 1077–1084, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.15.1077 Published: 07 August 1991 Article history Received: 02 January 1991 Revision received: 23 April 1991 Accepted: 06 May 1991 Published: 07 August 1991