tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-345: Functional genomics reveals acute dependencies on polyadenylation for tumor cell mitotic progression
Authors: Kathryn Cappell, Noah Sciaky, Brittany Larson, Angelique Whitehurst
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We are using genome-wide synthetic lethal paclitaxel chemosensitizer screens to understand the protein networks that support mitosis in lung tumor cells. Using this approach, we have identified several components of the polyadenylation machinery that are required for a high-fidelity mitosis in the presence of a synthetic lethal dose of paclitaxel. Here, we show depletion of multiple polyadenylation proteins in combination with low-dose paclitaxel causes a G2/M cell cycle block. We show depletion of one of these polyadenylation proteins, symplekin, has profound effects on mitotic spindle assembly resulting in over-duplicated centrosomes and impaired microtubule growth. Furthermore, we use a panel of lung lines to show symplekin is uniquely required for tumor cell mitosis as compared to normal cell mitosis. Our mechanistic studies suggest symplekin may mediate these effects on tumor cell mitosis by interacting with the centrosomally-associated protein transforming acidic coiled coil 3 protein (TACC3). Interestingly, TACC3 is typically expressed during development but becomes aberrantly upregulated in tumor cells. We propose TACC3 may become upregulated during tumorigenesis and engage symplekin to support mitosis in tumor cells. These results suggest polyadenylation components may represent an attractive therapeutic target in combination with already available anti-mitotic agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-345.
AN APPLIANCE ADAPTED TO OCCASIONAL GYNÆCIC AND OBSTETRIC EMERGENCIES.
Authors: HENRY A. MARTIN
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read to the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, June, 1883.] I have always thought that his gift, thrown into the treasury of the Temple of Medicine, ought not to be despised, who brought some newer and really better way than had been before devised for the relief, assuagement, or sometimes, happily, complete removal and cure of any, even the simplest, rarest, least important of the multifarious, the myriad developments and complications of disease which sow the way of our life with pitfalls innumerable, with pain and anguish and death. I bring you a very simple matter, one not worth calling an invention. A very broad (9 inches) thin bandage of what is technically known as “ pure rubber,” a preparation of the very finest grade of extra Para India-rubber and the extreme minimum of pure sublimated sulphur necessary, with heat, to accomplishing the process of “curing” or “vulcanization.”
Sane: Insane The Patient as Judge
Authors: Pia M. Bortnowski
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  Ever since the appearance of your EDITORIAL Sane: Insane (223:1272, 1973), I have followed with interest the responding letters. Rosenhan's findings certainly convey  multitude of messages, but one has been overlooked so far: his observation that a number of patients on the admission wards readily recognized that the pseudopatients were sane. This is an important message in view of the accompanying evidence that the task of diagnosing sanity or insanity with any degree of accuracy is seemingly very tricky.  Since psychiatric disorders are impossible to lay bare by means of blood studies or roentgenograms, why shouldn't we use an obvious and available resource—the fellow patient—as  diagnostic aid?  As  registered nurse, I sat in on many of those sessions where  patient considered for discharge is brought into  conference room full of psychiatrists and nurses who ask him certain strategic questions calculated to reveal
Primary Pericardial Tumor Masquerading as Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Vincent F. Miscia
Journal: JAMA (1974)

WE REPORT an unusual clinical course and pathologic findings in a patient with primary pericardial tumor that masqueraded as constrictive pericarditis. Of approximately 44 case reports of primary pericardial tumors reviewed, only seven were diagnosed before death. The diagnosis in this patient was established antemortem by thoracotomy after cardiac catheterization disclosed findings of pericardial constriction. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 41-year-old man sought medical advice when he noted increasing abdominal distention, gastrointestinal upset, and constipation. He denied shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, cough, chest pain, night sweats, or fever. Because of a nonpulsatile epigastric mass, hepatomegaly, and ascites on physical examination, an exploratory laparotomy was performed, during which hypotension and cyanosis developed. Because of a lack of transmitted cardiac pulsations and a downward distention of the diaphragm, a transdiaphragmatic pericardiocentesis was performed and yielded 1,800 ml of sanguineous fluid with reactive mesothelial cells, but no tumor cells. The blood
FDA encourages patients to record their exposure to medical radiation
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The US Food and Drug Administration has launched an initiative to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure from medical imaging. The initiative will promote the safe use of medical imaging, support doctors’ decision making about medical imaging, increase patients’ awareness, and encourage patients to record their history of imaging.

Concern about radiation exposure was raised by a paper late last year in the Archives of Internal Medicine (2009;169:2078-86, doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2009.427) that reported a 13-fold variation between the highest and lowest dose in computed tomography in four hospitals in the San Francisco area. The risk of cancer related to medical imaging is higher for younger people, …
Depression and Candida-Reply
Authors: William P. Coleman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I know now that there is a relationship between<i>Candida albicans</i>and depression, because I am suffering from depression, after repeatedly exchanging letters with Drs Crook<sup>1</sup>and Edwards. It is so easy to draw conclusions from clinical observations and yet often so difficult to prove these conclusions scientifically. I can understand the enthusiasm with which Drs Crook and Edwards have embraced their theory of yeast toxins causing depression, yet they can support this only with observation and assumption. As responsible physicians and scientists they should devote their energy to prove their assertions rather than fervently promoting them. Until carefully controlled double-blind studies are completed to resolve this matter, I can only regard this theory as unproved.
Gout of the Patella
Authors: Laval U. Peluquin, James H. Graham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE diagnostic features of gout were first described nearly three hundred years ago,1 but to our knowledge the case reported below is the first to involve only the patella without demonstrable lesions in other bones. One case has been presented in which the patella was involved along with many other bones.2 Case ReportA 43-year-old insurance salesman was admitted to the hospital on May 12, 1954, with the chief complaint of "painful lumps on the anterior aspect of the left knee of 4 weeks' duration." About 6 months previously he had experienced some pain in the right ankle, with swelling . . .
The Medical School's Mission and the Population's Health: Medical Education in Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia
Authors: Roger Bulger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Billed as the proceedings of a conference on medical education in Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia, this book is, in fact, much more than mere transactions. Sponsored by the Royal Society of Medicine Foundation, Inc, and the Josiah Macy, Jr, Foundation, the December 1990 conference was preceded by more than a year of careful planning and preparation. The 37 participants (20 from the United States) received penultimate drafts of the major chapters three weeks before the conference. Respondents arrived with their prepared commentaries, and a great deal of time was left for discussion by the group at large. The careful preparation and sequencing of the conference are evident in the book, which benefits from excellent introductory and closing chapters by the editors. As a participant, although not an author of any of the major pieces, I can attest that the conference worked as a conference just
Coronary Atherosclerosis in Soldiers
Authors: Jack P. Strong
Journal: JAMA (1986)

IN THIS week's issue, the editors of<i>JAMA</i>have republished an article fromThe Journalof 33 years ago that is clearly a landmark in our understanding of the development of coronary atherosclerosis. This article, "Coronary Disease Among United States Soldiers Killed in Action in Korea," by MAJ William F. Enos, LTC Robert H. Holmes, MC, USA, and CPT James Beyer, MC, USA, documents the presence of significant coronary lesions in soldiers who were battle casualties in Korea. Those soldiers for whom age was recorded ranged from 18 to 48 years old, with an average age of 22.1 years. The article appeared at a time when mortality from coronary heart disease was reaching a zenith in the United States and being recognized worldwide as a modern epidemic. This widely cited publication dramatically showed that atherosclerotic changes appear in the coronary arteries years and decades before the age at which coronary
Gastroenterology Workforce Modeling
Authors: Gregg S. Meyer, Itzhak Jacoby, Henry Krakauer, Don W. Powell, Jeanette Aurand, Peggy McCardle
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the current supply and distribution of gastroenterologists and project future supply under various scenarios to provide a paradigm for workforce reform. <h3>Design.</h3> —An analysis of current practices and distribution of gastroenterologists and a demographic model, using the 1992 gastroenterology workforce as a baseline. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Comparison of current supply, distribution, and practice profiles with past data and future projections, using analyses of data from the 1993 Area Resource File, 1992 Medicare Part B file, age- and sex-specific death and retirement rates from the Bureau of Health Professions, managed care staffing patterns, the National Survey of Internal Medicine Manpower, and the Bureau of the Census. <h3>Results.</h3> —Rapid growth in the number of US gastroenterologists has resulted in a gastroenterologist-to-population ratio double that used on average by health maintenance organizations. In addition, the work profile of gastroenterologists is shared significantly by primary care physicians and other specialists, with the exception of a few specific and uncommon procedures. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Empirical evidence suggests that, even in the absence of detailed models to describe the desired supply/need balance for gastroenterology, the US health care system and clinicians may benefit from a reduction in gastroenterology training programs. The Gastroenterology Leadership Council endorsed a goal of 25% to 50% reduction in trainee numbers over 5 years, and recent National Resident Matching Program data indicate that a voluntary downsizing process is in full force. This study illustrates a paradigm for workforce planning that could be useful for other medical specialties.
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> As an Inhibitory Modulator of Fibrogenesis in Human Lung Allografts
Authors: Natalie M. Walker, Linda N. Badri, Anish Wadhwa, Scott Wettlaufer, Marc Peters-Golden, Vibha N. Lama
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Donor mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) expansion and fibrotic differentiation is associated with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in human lung allografts. However, the regulators of fibrotic differentiation of these resident mesenchymal cells are not well understood.This study examines the role of endogenous and exogenous prostaglandin (PG)E2 as a modulator of fibrotic differentiation of human lung allograft-derived MSCs.Effect of PGE2 on proliferation, collagen secretion, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression was assessed in lung-resident MSCs (LR-MSCs) derived from patients with and without BOS. The response pathway involved was elucidated by use of specific agonists and antagonists.PGE2 treatment of LR-MSCs derived from normal lung allografts significantly inhibited their proliferation, collagen secretion, and α-SMA expression. On the basis of pharmacologic and small-interfering RNA approaches, a PGE2/E prostanoid (EP)2/adenylate cyclase pathway was implicated in these suppressive effects. Stimulation of endogenous PGE2 secretion by IL-1β was associated with amelioration of their myofibroblast differentiation in vitro, whereas its inhibition by indomethacin augmented α-SMA expression. LR-MSCs from patients with BOS secreted significantly less PGE2 than non-BOS LR-MSCs. Furthermore, BOS LR-MSCs were found to be defective in their ability to induce cyclooxygenase-2, and therefore unable to up-regulate PGE2 synthesis in response to IL-1β. BOS LR-MSCs also demonstrated resistance to the inhibitory actions of PGE2 in association with a reduction in the EP2/EP1 ratio.These data identify the PGE2 axis as an important autocrine-paracrine brake on fibrotic differentiation of LR-MSCs, a failure of which is associated with BOS.
Equestrian injuries: a comparison of professional and amateur injuries in Berkshire.
Authors: M R Whitlock, J Whitlock, B Johnston
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1987)

A retrospective study of horse riding injuries in Berkshire was undertaken over a one year period from November 1983. The information was obtained from the Ambulance Service, the Jockey Club and the St. John Ambulance Brigade. There was a total of 103 injured persons with no deaths. Information from the Jockey Club was compared with the other two groups, the former sustaining more limb injuries and the latter more head injuries. A questionnaire was sent to all 42 ambulance patients. Thirty-eight had radiographs taken, 16 of which showed a fracture. Forty-one were wearing some form of hard hat, but if a safety strap was available it was attached in 24 cases. The dangers of riding are highlighted and the importance of adequate protective clothing emphasised.
Pancuronium Bromide (Continued)
Authors: Elemér K. Zsigmond
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reference to the LETTER TO THE EDITOR by Beam (223:1044, 1973) we want to state that 0.2 mg/kg pancuronium bromide used by this correspondent as an initial dose to facilitate controlled ventilation is never indicated and reveals a complete lack of familiarity with the clinical pharmacology of pancuronium. The mean dose that caused 100% neuromuscular blockade in the hand muscles in our dose-finding study in 30 adult patients anesthetized by thiamylal-nitrous oxide-oxygen was 0.076 mg/kg, intravenously.<sup>1</sup>In clinical practice, only 60% to 70% of the complete paralyzing dose is usually required for the facilitation of endotracheal intubation. Certainly, no greater dose is ever necessary for facilitation of assisted or controlled ventilation. The incremental doses of pancuronium were also disproportionate to the need. In our study,<sup>1</sup>we found that one fourth to one third of the initial relaxant doses (0.02 mg/kg intravenously) of pancuronium bromide
Social and functional impact of minor fractures in elderly people.
Authors: M. Williams, M. Lambert, H. Millington, B. Livesley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

<h3>Background</h3> The level of patient satisfaction with regards to healthcare received is increasingly being taken into account by health system managers. Accordingly, a major transformation in pharmacy consultations has occurred in order to be closer to the patients who come to the hospital pharmacy to pick up their medication. <h3>Purpose</h3> To determine patient satisfaction at a pharmacy consultation and to propose actions to improve the service on the basis of the results obtained. <h3>Material and methods</h3> We carried out an anonymous self-administered survey. The margin of error was 6% and the level of confidence was 95%. It was validated by the local Health Quality Authority and delivered by hand by a simple random sampling system at the time of dispensing. The questionnaires were collected from January 2015 until we achieved the sample size. This was an initiative aimed at improving quality, and data were collected routinely so ethics committee approval was considered unnecessary. <h3>Results</h3> 194 surveys were collected. With regard to the facilities, 74–88% of patients declared themselves satisfied or very satisfied with comfort, the system of consultation signalling, confidentiality and attention time. The patients surveyed gave higher ratings (89–93%) of satisfaction for having an appointment to be attended and cleaning, while the percentage was lower (64%) for questions about opening hours. In terms of treatment received, friendliness, efficiency and professionalism of staff, the percentage exceeded 90% in all cases. Overall, satisfied patients exceeded 87%. Almost 15% made some comments, 41% about opening hours and 31% reaffirming content; the remaining 28% were miscellaneous. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall, patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the pharmaceutical care consultation. The aspects less valued were related to opening hours, comfort and signalling of the consultation, confidentiality at the moment of drug dispensing and time to receive the appointment in the pharmacy. As points of improvement, opening hours were extended, signage was increased with posters and we have begun to give appointments exclusively from pharmacy to reduce the delay time. We will need to repeat the survey to know the impact of the measures taken. No conflict of interest.
James Barron Bridges
Authors: J M Bridges, W A Eakins
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Having obtained a BSc with first class honours, James Barron Bridges (“Barry”) joined the university anatomy department in 1954, and was admitted to MD with gold medal in 1957. A Nuffield Foundation research fellow in Harwell, he also trained at the University of Georgia. Appointed lecturer in 1958, he was awarded a personal chair in 1974.

An …
Evaluation of Bone Metastases by Tc-99m MDP Imaging in Patients With Stomach Cancer
Authors: CHANG WOON CHOI, DONG SOO LEE, JUNE-KEY CHUNG, MYUNG CHUL LEE, NOE KYEONG KIM, KYOO WAN CHOI, CHANG-SOON KOH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

The authors conducted a retrospective review of 234 bone scans of stomach cancer patients who had been diagnosed at the Seoul National University Hospital. In 106 of the 234 cases (45.3%), there were abnormal bone scan results, suggestive of bone metastases. The most common site of bone metastases was the spine, followed by the ribs, pelvis, femur, and skull. These sites were similar to those known for other malignant diseases. The incidence of bone metastases increased according to the duration of disease, especially within 12 months after diagnosis in patients with stage III gastric cancer. The incidence of bone metastases increased as the clinical stage increased. However, the incidence of metastases did not relate to gastric cancer pathologic type. The authors found 6 cases of "superscan" in the 234 bone scans (2.6%). The bone scan findings correlated positively with the level of serum alkaline phosphatase.
The Case of the Receipted Bill
Authors: Charles L. Hudson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The title of my communication is in the best tradition of Erle Stanley Gardner. I have selected the subject to crystallize my own views and perhaps to stimulate discussion of a broader subject that involves our relationship with governmental financing mechanisms in general. First, I must state what I regard as the essential element of medical practice. Fifty years ago it would not have been necessary even to consider this subject. At that time one would immediately have said that it was the request of one person for medical assistance and the response of a physician in agreeing to help. As I look at it, the essence of that relationship has not changed: a two-man contract is the heart of medical practice. The development of new techniques and new forms of data collection and delivery of medical services might have beclouded the relationship for some people. Contributing to uncertainty also
Isoform Transitions of the Myosin Binding Protein C Family in Developing Human and Mouse Muscles
Authors: Mathias Gautel, Dieter O. Fürst, Alessandra Cocco, Stefano Schiaffino
Journal: Circulation Research (1998)

Abstract —Mutations in the gene for the cardiac isoform of myosin binding protein C (MyBP-C) have been identified as the cause of chromosome 11–associated autosomal-dominant familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC). Most mutations produce a truncated polypeptide that lacks the sarcomeric binding region. We have now investigated the expression pattern of the cardiac and skeletal isoforms of cMyBP-C in mice and humans by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence microscopy using specific antibodies and probes. We demonstrate that the cardiac isoform is expressed only in cardiac muscle throughout development. The slow and fast isoforms of MyBP-C remain specific for skeletal muscle, where they can be coexpressed. Immunological evidence also suggests that an embryonic isoform of MyBP-C precedes the expression of slow MyBP-C in developing skeletal muscle. This suggests that transcomplementation of MyBP-C isoforms is possible in skeletal but not cardiac muscle.
INFANT FEEDING.Lecture delivered in the Fourth Special Course of the Chicago Policlinic,
Authors: W. S. CHRISTOPHER
Journal: JAMA (1892)

What I propose to give you to-day will be probably more in the nature of suggestion than instruction. I may possibly be rather more iconoclastic than constructive, but I wish to take into consideration certain of the principles which underlie the subject of infant feeding, rather than all the details which go to make up successful work in that direction. We find it stated that human milk is the best food for the infant; we find it further stated, and generally accepted, that in the absence of human milk that food which most closely resembles mother's milk in its chemical and physical properties is the best for the infant. Now I wish to deny this latter statement, and it is rather difficult to show cause for the denial, for a lie that is partly true is the hardest of all to down. It is unquestionably true that mother's milk is