tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metoclopramide and Asthma
Authors: MARK M. CHUNG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1985Metoclopramide and AsthmaMARK M. CHUNG, M.D., KOTA G. CHETTY, M.D., DENNIS JEROME, M.D.MARK M. CHUNG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KOTA G. CHETTY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DENNIS JEROME, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-5-809_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Several drugs are known to cause bronchospasm (1), and the mechanisms responsible for this effect are many. Cholinergic mechanisms are an important pathway influencing airways reactivity (2). The respiratory tree is supplied by parasympathetic postganglionic nerves and the terminals are largely cholinergic. Metoclopramide (methoxy 2-chloro 5-procainamide) has the ability to release acetylcholine from postganglionic cholinergic nerve terminals and could precipitate bronchospasm; however, such an adverse effect has not been reported or even suggested (3). We recently saw bronchospastic reactions in an asthmatic patient after he ingested this drug.A 58-year-old man diagnosed by history as having asthma,...References1. KOUNIS N. A review: drug induced bronchospasm. Ann Allergy. 1976;37:285-90. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. GROSSSKORODIN NM. Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic bronchodilators. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984;129:856-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ALBIBIMCCALLUM RR. Metoclopramide: pharmacology and clinical applications. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:86-95. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Long Beach, CA 90822 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAnaphylactic reaction after intravenous dipyroneAnaphylaxis During Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting: IgE-Mediated Metoclopramide AllergyIatrogenia a fármacos no contexto do Aparelho RespiratórioRespiratory Failure following Oral Administration of MetoclopramideN-Substituted Silicon-Nitrogen-(Hydrogen) CompoundsGastrointestinal drugs 1 November 1985Volume 103, Issue 5Page: 809-809KeywordsAcetylcholineAsthmaCholinergicsDrugsNerves Issue Published: 1 November 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Relevance of Platinum-Sensitivity Status in Relapsed/Refractory Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Modern Era: A Patient-Level Analysis of Southwest Oncology Group Trials
Authors: Primo N. Lara, James Moon, Mary W. Redman, Thomas J. Semrad, Karen Kelly, Jeffrey W. Allen, Barbara J. Gitlitz, Philip C. Mack, David R. Gandara
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
A third of trusts in England are still not offering screening for chlamydia
Authors: Claire Laurent
Journal: BMJ (2007)

As many as one in three primary care trusts in England are failing to deliver opportunistic screening for chlamydia, according to figures released this week during the annual conference of the Health Protection Agency. 

The new data show that at the end of July 2007—by which time all English trusts were expected to be offering chlamydia screening—only 99 of 152 (65%) were doing so. 

Mary Macintosh, director of the national chlamydia screening programme, said that 93% of trusts had “plans and structures in place” for screening, and she was hopeful that they would have …
Abstract 4759: Integral role of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in DDR-mediated antitumor actions of PARP inhibitor in triple-negative breast carcinogenesis
Authors: Brian Leyland-Jones, Jennifer Carlson, Yuliang Sun, Lori Friedman, Pradip De, Nandini Dey
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: The PI3K pathway, in addition to its pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects on tumor cells, is known to contribute to DNA-damage repair (DDR). We hypothesized that GDC-0980, a dual PI3K-mTOR inhibitor, would potentiate an anti-tumor effect in BRCA-competent TNBC cells when combined with the PARP inhibitor, ABT888 and carboplatin. Methods: Athymic mice bearing BRCA-competent TNBC xenograft tumors were treated with GDC-0980 alone or in combination with ABT888 and carboplatin. Mechanism-based in vitro studies (MTT, CelltiterGLO, flow cytometry-based live/dead cell, cell cycle analyses, anchorage independent soft-agar, anchorage dependent 3D ON-TOP, apoptosis, cell signaling markers assays) using a panel of 5-7 BRCA-wt /mutant TNBC cell lines were performed. Results: GDC-0980 treatment led to DNA damage (increased pgH2AX; WB, IF), gain in PAR and a subsequent sensitization of BRCA-competent TNBC cells to ABT888 plus carboplatin in a time-dependent manner. The treatment (1) decreased proliferation signals (pAKT, pP70S6K, p4EBP1, pS6RP), PAR/PARP, PAR/pgH2AX, live/dead cell ratios, cell cycle progression and clonogenic 3D growth, and (2) increased apoptosis markers (cl-caspase3, 9, BIM, cl-PARP, and annexinV positivity). These effects were more pronounced in PTEN-null MDA-MB468 than in RAS/RAF mutated MDA-MB231 cells. Three-dimensional projection movie showed that (1) GDC-0980 alone attenuated nuclear pγH2AXS139 foci in MDA-MB468 cells at 24 hours and (2) cytoplasmic cl-caspase3 increased in GDC-0980+ABT888+carboplatin treated MDA-MB468 cells at 72 hours. Finally, GDC-0980 in combination with ABT888 plus carboplatin blocked the growth of established xenograft tumors by 80-90% with a concomitant decrease in tumor Ki67, cl-caspse3, pVEGFR, CD31, p4EBP1, and pS6RP IHC-levels. Conclusion: This is the first mechanism-based study to demonstrate the inhibition of DDR as another mode of action of GDC-0980. Our data revealed that in a BRCA-competent model, GDC-0980 enhanced the antitumor efficacy of ABT888 in the presence of carboplatin by inhibiting the DDR system in conjunction with inhibition of the PI3K-mTOR pathway mediated pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic signals. Citation Format: Brian Leyland-Jones, Jennifer Carlson, Yuliang Sun, Lori Friedman, Pradip De, Nandini Dey. Integral role of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in DDR-mediated antitumor actions of PARP inhibitor in triple-negative breast carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4759. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4759
Subpulmonic Obstruction in Complete (d) Transposition Produced by Redundant Tricuspid Tissue
Authors: THOMAS A. RIEMENSCHNEIDER, STANLEY J. GOLDBERG, HERBERT D. RUTTENBERG, MICHAEL T. GYEPES
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Two cases are reported in which complete transposition of the great vessels was associated with an unusual form of subpulmonic obstruction. In each case, redundant tricuspid valvular tissue protruded through a ventricular septal defect into the left ventricular outflow tract, producing severe obstruction to the outflow of blood from the left ventricle. The clinical course suggested the presence of left ventricular outflow obstruction. Both patients demonstrated progressive clinical deterioration characterized by increasing cyanosis, respiratory distress, and decrease in intensity of the cardiac murmur. Serial laboratory determinations revealed increasing hemoglobin and decreasing systemic oxygen saturation. The clinical deterioration was relieved only temporarily by atrial balloon septostomy. The angiographic findings appear to be specific for this type of subpulmonic obstruction. In each case, a large asymmetric filling defect was demonstrated at the anterior border of the left ventricular outflow tract below the pulmonic valve. When the clinical and laboratory findings suggest pulmonary or subpulmonary obstruction, careful evaluation of the outflow tract is indicated. If diagnosed clinically, redundant tricuspid tissue could perhaps be resected during a definitive operation, thus relieving the outflow obstruction.
Room 101: where services go to die
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Room 101—the torture chamber in George Orwell’s novel 1984 —was named after a meeting room at the BBC where Orwell endured long and tedious management meetings. It has since come to mean a dumping ground for things we hate or don’t want anymore. Such a facility could be exactly what’s needed for health systems facing financial crisis, a virtual place to dump interventions and services we should stop providing in order to save money and improve care.

The British Society of Gastroenterology has a Room 101 on its website (http://www.bsg.org.uk/). Only two things are in it at the moment, but society president Chris Hawkey has additional suggestions (doi:10.1136/bmj.c1281). They include an embargo on …
Small-Bowel Erosion Following Aortic Resection
Authors: M. S. DeWeese
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurring after resection of the abdominal aorta may be due to erosion of the duodenum by the aortic replacement or to an aorticoenteric fistula. The clinical findings frequently simulate those of peptic ulcer disease from which differentiation must be made early. Prompt surgical intervention is mandatory once the diagnosis is suspected. Twenty-eight of 40 patients previously reported in the literature failed to survive. Four additional patients are presented, all of whom died despite surgical intervention. These complications have occurred less frequently following the development and use of improved aortic prosthesis than they have following aortic replacement by homografts. Duodenal erosion by the prosthesis remains a hazard; the authors describe a technical maneuver which they have successfully employed in preventing this complication.
Vaughan Pearson Smith
Authors: Chris Smith
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Vaughan was an enthusiastic NHS family doctor and a committed generalist.

He spent most of his career working in Taunton, initially taking over a singlehanded practice, which grew in size over the years to four partners. For six years he fitted in a clinical assistant's job in psychiatry, and in 1990 he began doing some medicolegal work, which started when he was asked to analyse the records of some haemophiliac patientss who had contracted HIV after blood transfusions.

He had an interest in musculoskeletal medicine, combining orthodox and complementary techniques. He practised acupuncture for 20 years. In …
Local expression of immunoregulatory IL-12p40 gene prolonged syngeneic islet graft survival in diabetic NOD mice.
Authors: H Yasuda, M Nagata, K Arisawa, R Yoshida, K Fujihira, N Okamoto, H Moriyama, M Miki, I Saito, H Hamada, K Yokono, M Kasuga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Local production of immunosuppressive cytokines will be one of the most suitable therapeutic strategies against organ-specific autoimmune diabetes. To establish such a new therapy, we constructed recombinant adenoviral vectors with inserted mIL-12p40 (Ad.IL-12p40) and mIL-10 (Ad.IL-10). Sufficient amounts of IL-12p40 and IL-10 were secreted by relevant adenovirus-transfected nonobese diabetic (NOD) islets. Shortly after transfection, 400 NOD islets transfected with Ad.IL-12p40 or Ad.IL-10 were transplanted under the renal capsule of a newly diabetic NOD mouse. NOD mice with IL-12p40-producing islet grafts kept normoglycemia in all of 14 grafted mice for over 4 wk after transplantation. In contrast, NOD mice with IL-10-producing islet grafts became diabetic in all of six grafted mice within 2 wk af-ter transplantation. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that local production of IL-12p40 led to the decrease of interferon-gamma and the augmentation of transforming growth factor-beta at the graft site. These results suggest that IL-12 plays an important role in the destruction of islet cells at the inflamed site of autoimmunity. Such a local blockade of IL-12 would be a useful gene therapy for human autoimmune diabetes.
A Comparison of Two Programs for Training Primary-Care Physician's Assistants.
Authors: William R. Harlan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972A Comparison of Two Programs for Training Primary-Care Physician's Assistants.William R. Harlan, M.D., F.A.C.P., David Shaw, M.S.William R. Harlan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, David Shaw, M.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-855_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe physician's assistant concept appears likely to effect changes in health care delivery. Many questions vital to implementation of this concept remain, however. Two of these questions—the type and length of training and the tasks performed in the practice situation—were studied. As the only medical center in the country with both MEDEX (12 months) and physician's associate (24 months) programs we can compare curricular philosophies and training programs and measure some of the outcomes in practice situations. Practice measurements, including numbers and types of patients seen, and detailed analysis of tasks performed by office personnel were made before and after... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William R. Harlan, M.D., F.A.C.P.; David Shaw, M.S.Affiliations: Birmingham, Ala. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 855-855KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Heterotopic Calcification of the Popliteal Fossae
Authors: W CORMICK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Heterotopic bone formation occurs as a result of trauma, paralysis, burns, surgery, or raised serum calcium. Chronic renal failure complicated by hyperparathyroidism is frequently associated with calcification of soft tissue sites such as the stomach, lungs, or blood vessels. The authors report an unusual case of extensive calcification of the soft tissues behind both knees in a patient with chronic renal failure.
Managing the health effects of climate change
Authors: Anthony Costello, Mustafa Abbas, Adriana Allen, Sarah Ball, Sarah Bell, Richard Bellamy, Sharon Friel, Nora Groce, Anne Johnson, Maria Kett, Maria Lee, Caren Levy, Mark Maslin, David McCoy, Bill McGuire, Hugh Montgomery, David Napier, Christina Pagel, Jinesh Patel, Jose Antonio Puppim de Oliveira, Nanneke Redclift, Hannah Rees, Daniel Rogger, Joanne Scott, Judith Stephenson, John Twigg, Jonathan Wolff, Craig Patterson
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Meat Intake and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Stephen B. Kritchevsky
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The data from the cohort study by Dr Chiu and colleagues 1 relating diet to non-Hodgkin (NHL) lymphoma are intriguing. Evidence from prospective cohort studies is held to be more reliable in generating evidence supporting causal relationships than evidence from the other common design used in cancer epidemiology, the case-control study, in part because the temporal association between the exposure (in this case, dietary intake of red meat) and the disease (lymphoma) seems clear. That a putative cause should precede the disease is the sine qua non of any causal relationship. In spite of the design employed by Chiu et al, 1 however, the temporal relationship between diet and cancer might not be as clear as it seems; cancers do not arise spontaneously, but grow until symptoms lead the affected individual to seek medical attention. Some proportion of the women diagnosed with cancer in the study by
Lesson of the week: Cat scratch disease
Authors: A. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Unilateral lymphadenopathy of the groin is commonly seen in general practice. We report on a patient with initial features suggestive of sarcoidosis, but who, after careful history taking and further investigation, had cat scratch disease.

A 29 year old woman visited her general practitioner with a painless swelling in the right groin. She was referred to a surgeon, who aspirated the node. The aspirate contained blood and a range of lymphoid cells, suggesting a reactive lymph node. Ultrasonography confirmed numerous large lymph nodes in the right groin. Lymphadenopathy was not present elsewhere. The pelvis appeared normal on ultrasonography. Two hypoechoic lesions were found in the right lobe of the liver posteriorly, and multiple similar lesions were found in the spleen, but no para-aortic lymphadenopathy was seen.

The surgeon took a biopsy specimen of the lymph node. This showed a reactive lymph node with prominent geminal centres and focal areas in keeping with necrotising granulomata. Cultures were Gram negative. Stains for acid fast bacilli and fungi gave negative results, and there was no evidence of caseating necrosis. Sarcoidosis was suspected, and the patient was referred to a chest physician.

She had no symptoms of systemic disease and had a good appetite, steady weight, and no night sweats. She had never smoked but did have several allergies, including eczema and perennial rhinitis. At initial presentation a full blood count gave normal …
Determination of Total Tissue Sodium Concentrations by Use of Radiosodium
Authors: D. M. GREEN, T. B. REYNOLDS, R. J. GIRERD
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

A method has been developed for the estimate of total tissue sodium by direct measurement of radiosodium concentrations in undigested samples. Accuracy is comparable to that of flame photometric estimates on tissue digests; time and cost, about one-quarter as great. The method appears particularly useful for experimental designs requiring multiple tissue sodium measurements.
Group Cohesion and Working Alliance: Prediction of Treatment Outcome in Cardiac Patients Receiving Cognitive Behavioral Group Psychotherapy
Authors: Peter van Andel, Rudolph A.M. Erdman, Petra A. Karsdorp, Ad Appels, Rutger W. Trijsburg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2003)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Various definitions of both group cohesion and working alliance are used in theories on group psychotherapy, making the study of their relative contribution to the treatment outcome difficult. In this study, two different, nonoverlapping questionnaires were used to explore the relationship between group cohesion, working alliance and treatment outcome in a time-limited, structured cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy aiming at the reduction of coronary risk factors. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; After having undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, 42 patients were treated with the aim to reduce exhaustion, anxiety, hostility and depression. The newly developed Group Cohesion Questionnaire (GCQ) and the Helping Alliance Questionnaire (HAQ-II, measuring the bond between individual patients and the group psychotherapist) were administered after the fifth and tenth treatment session. Exhaustion, quality of life, anxiety, blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after treatment. To test the relationship between the GCQ, the HAQ-II and outcome variables, Pearson Product-Moment correlations and hierarchical regression was applied. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Principal Component Analysis of the GCQ yielded two dimensions, the bond with the group as a whole and the bond with other group members. Hierarchical regression showed that both the bond with other group members and working alliance contributed significantly and independently to the prediction of posttreatment systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as posttreatment quality of life (confidence). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Conceptually and empirically, group cohesion and the working alliance may be considered to represent different relationships in a psychotherapy group, contributing in different ways to the treatment outcome in cardiac patients receiving cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy.
A Phase II Trial of Gefitinib Monotherapy in Chemotherapy-Naïve Patients of 75 Years or Older with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Noriyuki Ebi, Hiroshi Semba, Sho j i Tokunaga, Koichi Takayama, Hiroshi Wataya, Takashige Kuraki, Hidehiko Yamamoto, Shin j i Akamine, Isamu Okamoto, Yoichi Nakanishi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Abstract 213: Combinative treatment for prostate cancer by adenoviral-mediated gene therapy expressing a novel apoptosis gene and chemotherapy
Authors: Yi Lu, Ben Beheshti, Xiongwen Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A novel gene, rat pHyde, and its human homologue, hpHyde, have been cloned from prostate cancer cells. Database search and FISH analysis consistently indicated that hpHyde gene localizes at human chromosome 2q14. Protein sequence analysis suggests that hpHyde may be a plasma membrane protein with calcium channel function. hpHyde is differentially expressed in various normal human tissues and organs, suggesting that hpHyde may play roles in development and differentiation. A recombinant adenovirus containing pHyde cDNA gene (AdRSVpHyde) showed significant growth inhibition on human prostate cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, through a caspase-3 dependent apoptosis induction. The anti-prostate cancer effects of pHyde in conjunction with chemotherapy agent were analyzed by in vitro and in vivo assays using AdRSVpHyde in combination with DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin, and docetaxel, respectively. Growth suppression and induction of apoptosis were additively greater in DU145 human prostate cancer cells treated with AdRSVpHyde and cisplatin than either agent alone both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, AdRSVpHyde and docetaxel also have a similar additively inhibitory effect on DU145 cell growth. Taken together, these results support the potential use of pHyde for prostate cancer gene therapy coupled with chemotherapy to improve therapeutic index. Our results also suggest that pHyde may play important physiological and pathological roles in normal prostate development and prostate carcinogenesis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 213.
Retrovirus insertion and transcriptional activation of the multidrug-resistance gene in leukemias treated by a chemotherapeutic agent in vivo
Authors: Jun Nagayama, Mayumi Iino, Yasuhiro Tada, Hitoshi Kusaba, Akira Kiue, Koichi Ohshima, Michihiko Kuwano, Morimasa Wada
Journal: Blood (2001)
SYNTHESIS OF TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCAL POLYSACCHARIDE BY SUSPENSIONS OF RESTING CELLS
Authors: Alan W. Bernheimer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

The capsular polysaccharide (SIII) of type III pneumococci was removed enzymatically, and the cells thus deprived of preformed SIII were washed and examined for capacity to synthesize SIII anew. The washed, decapsulated cocci lost their capacity to be agglutinated in type-specific antiserum but again became agglutinable and formed readily measurable amounts of SIII, after suspension in a solution containing only glucose and salts. Maximal SIII synthesis required the presence of glucose, magnesium, potassium and phosphate ions, and oxygen. Other fermentable sugars could be substituted for glucose but then the yield of SIII was reduced. Synthesis of SIII occurred anaerobically but was increased four- to fivefold by oxygenation of the suspension. The effects of pH and of enzyme poisons on the capacity of the cocci to form SIII are described.