tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Canada legalises the medical use of cannabis
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

From the end of this month, Canada will become the first country to allow the growth and use of marijuana for personal use by people with terminal illness and serious medical conditions.

Dr Judy Gomber, director general of the federal health department's office of controlled substances, announced the new federal regulations, emphasising that the government was not encouraging the use of cannabis and would not provide it. It is, however, making it available under certain conditions for people who have found that conventional treatments do not work and whose doctors have decided that its medical benefits outweigh its risks.

But the past president of the Canadian Medical Association, …
The effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular function, myocardial energetics, and metabolic reserve in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure
Authors: Jan Sundell, Erik Engblom, Juhani Koistinen, Antti Ylitalo, Alexandru Naum, Kira Q Stolen, Riikka Kalliokoski, Stephan G Nekolla, K.E.Juhani Airaksinen, Jeroen J Bax, Juhani Knuuti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Dieulafoy's Ulcer: Combined Endoscopic and Laparoscopic Treatment
Authors: J. L. Bouillot, J. M. Aubertin, P. Fornes, J. P. Petite, J. H. Alexandre
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Dieulafoy's disease is a rare, but dangerous cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. We report here the case of a patient in whom the failure of endoscopic therapy necessitated a surgical approach by combining endoscopy and laparoscopy. The intraoperative endoscopic examination located the site of the lesion precisely, allowing a limited adapted wedge resection to be carried out laparoscopically.
Reversal of fulminant hepatic failure using an extracorporeal liver assist device
Authors: Norman L. Sussman, Maria G. Chong, Tarek Koussayer, Da-Er He, Thomas A. Shang, Hartwell H. Whisennand, James H. Kelly
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Liver transplantation is currently the only effective therapy for patients with fulminant hepatic failure. The availability of an artificial liver could bridge these patients through the relatively brief crisis period and allow their own livers to regenerate, providing a more favorable outcome and sparing the trauma and expense of transplant. We have developed a device consisting of a highly differentiated human liver cell line cultured in a hollow fiber cartridge. This device is capable of supporting dogs with acetaminopheninduced fulminant hepatic failure for a period long enough for their own livers to resume function. Even though liver function tests such as albumin and prothrombin time became extremely abnormal during the course of the experiment, the dogs did not become encephalopathic. Two of the three treated animals recovered sufficient liver function after 42 to 48 hr of treatment that they could be disconnected from the device, and they survived the experiment. Histological results and serum ALT levels suggest that the device affected the course of the disease in two animals, allowing recovery of hepatocytes that would otherwise have lysed. In the third animal, regenerative nodules demonstrated that, even in the presence of severe liver injury, the device was capable of supporting total liver function. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:60–65.)
Malignant pleural mesothelioma in western Glasgow 1980-6.
Authors: G Hulks, J S Thomas, E Waclawski
Journal: Thorax (1989)

This study reviews all histologically proved cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma seen in the western district of Glasgow during 1980-6. Sixty eight cases were identified (three female) with an age range at presentation of 48-85 (mean 68.9) years. Asbestos exposure was identified in 54 (80%) of the patients, most of whom had been shipyard workers. Pain and dyspnoea were the most common presenting symptoms. Pleural effusion was found in 57 (84%) of the patients, in a ratio of 2.6 right:left. The median survival was only 30 weeks from the time of presentation. Prognosis was significantly better for those presenting with dyspnoea than for those with pain (median survival 44 v 22 weeks). Postmortem examination was performed in 40 cases and metastatic disease found in more than three quarters. There was no significant difference between the incidence of the various tumour cell types or any relation between cell type and survival or the incidence of metastatic disease. A substantial increase in cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma has been found in an area of already high incidence. The use of rigorous histological criteria to determine histological cell type has shown that this previously valued variable is of no discriminatory value with regard to disease activity or survival.
Influence of Sodium and Potassium Content on Arterial Responsiveness
Authors: Thomas F. Burks, Charles T. Spalding, Vernon D. Jones
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

Vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine were determined during constant flow perfusion with warm Krebs solution in dog mesenteric arteries. The arteries were then stored 20-24 hours at 3°C in one of the following isosmotic solutions: Krebs, complex K (KC1, CaCl 2 , KHCO 3 and glucose), NaCl, KCl, sucrose, or mannitol. After storage, arteries were again perfused with warm Krebs solution, and vasoconstrictor responses to norepinephrine compared to prestorage control responses. Tissue levels of Na + and K + were determined before cold storage and after 0-35 minutes of poststorage perfusion with warm Krebs solution. Storage of arteries in mannitol or sucrose solution reduced their Na + and K + content, and during poststorage perfusion with warm Krebs solution their responsiveness gradually improved as they rapidly (within 5 minutes) regained Na + and slowly regained K + . Arteries stored in NaCl solution were initially more responsive than those stored in electrolyte- free solutions during poststorage perfusion with warm Krebs solution, and their responsiveness also improved as they regained K + . Arteries cold-stored in K + containing media (KCl and complex K solutions) quickly regained Na + , and their responsiveness exceeded prestorage values with 11 minutes of poststorage perfusion with warm Krebs solution. Since these data indicate that artery responsiveness may be related to tissue levels of both Na + + and K + efforts were made to establish minimal levels of each ion required for "normal" responsiveness. The critical level of Na + appears to be approximately 30 µEq Na/g dry weight; the minimal effective K + content is apparently near 20 µEq K/g dry weight. If arteries contain at least minimal levels of K + and an excess (over 100 µEq/g) of Na + the magnitude of theft responses to vasoconstrictor stimuli is exaggerated
What price psychotherapy?
Authors: M Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>BACKGROUND:</h3> Spinal muscular atrophy is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can be treated with intrathecal antisense oligonucleotide therapy (nusinersen). However, administration is often complicated by posterior spinal fusion and neuromuscular scoliosis, necessitating a transforaminal approach. <h3>PURPOSE:</h3> To assess the safety profile of the transforaminal approach for intrathecal access. <h3>DATA SOURCES:</h3> Searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases. <h3>STUDY SELECTION:</h3> Thirteen articles were selected based on inclusion of transforaminal access and appropriate clinical information about the procedure. <h3>DATA ANALYSIS:</h3> Complications were taken from the included articles and aggregated based on Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe scale adverse event grading. <h3>DATA SYNTHESIS:</h3> Total number of complications and grade of complications were analyzed, by year and in total. <h3>LIMITATIONS:</h3> Selection bias in publication, small patient population size, and variability of the procedure limits the available data. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> Transforaminal approach is a safe alternative for intrathecal access in patients with spinal muscular atrophy and may be applicable to a larger patient population.
ANEUPLOIDY AND THE OLDER GRAVIDA: WHICH RISK TO QUOTE
Authors: PhilipR. Wyatt, Nataline Kardon, Marian Krauss, Gittel Silverberg, Jessica Davis, RichardS. Spielman, MichaelT. Mennuti, ElaineH. Zackai, WilliamJ. Mellman
Journal: The Lancet (1978)
Improvement of in vitro fertilisation after treatment with buserelin, an agonist of luteinising hormone releasing hormone
Authors: A J Rutherford, R J Subak-Sharpe, K J Dawson, R A Margara, S Franks, R M L Winston
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Treatment with buserelin, an agonist of luteinising hormone releasing hormone, and human menopausal gonadotrophin was compared with the conventional treatment of clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin in the outcome of in vitro fertilisation. Seventy seven infertile women had 83 cycles of treatment with buserelin and human menopausal gonadotrophin, and concurrently another 328 infertile women were treated with clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin. Seven (8%) cycles were cancelled owing to inadequate superovulation or ovarian hyperstimulation in the women receiving buserelin and 103 (31%) were cancelled because of poor follicular development in those receiving clomiphene citrate. The mean number of oocytes recovered was significantly higher with buserelin (9·5 (SD 4·5) <i>v</i> 5·5 (2·2)) as was the mean number of embryos obtained (4·3 (2·4) <i>v</i> 2·9 (1·7)). Significantly more women who had an embryo transfer became clinically pregnant after treatment with buserelin (53% (30/57) <i>v</i> 30% (48/159), or 36% <i>v</i> 14% of treatment cycles). Altogether 33% (10) of pregnancies in women treated with buserelin were multiple compared with 23% (11) in those treated conventionally. Of the 17 completed pregnancies in women treated with buserelin, 11 resulted in the birth of live babies (eight singletons, two sets of twins, and one set of triplets) and six failed, five before 12 weeks9 gestation and one at 22 weeks. The 13 continuing pregnancies (32 weeks) were eight singletons, two sets of twins, and three sets of triplets. Of the 48 completed pregnancies in women treated with clomiphene citrate, 35 resulted in the birth of live babies (26 singletons, five sets of twins and four sets of triplets) and 13 failed, eleven before 12 weeks9 gestation and two by 27 weeks. Buserelin increased the chance of pregnancy after in vitro fertilisation compared with conventional treatment, but the risk of multiple pregnancy may be increased.
Laplace's Law
Authors: George Margolis
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although I am a neuropathologist, I am puzzled by the use of Laplace's law in the theoretical explanation of pressure neuropathy (229:1864, 1974). This is obviously because my frame of reference related to the application of this law in vascular disease,<sup>1,2</sup>ie, T=P×R where T is wall tension, P is<i>distending</i>pressure, and R is the radius. Here the effect of increased luminal pressure, multiplied by the vascular radius, on wall stress is self-evident. But in the case of externally applied pressure, would not such a directional force decrease rather than increase wall tension?
Dendritic Structural Degeneration Is Functionally Linked to Cellular Hyperexcitability in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zuzana Šišková, Daniel Justus, Hiroshi Kaneko, Detlef Friedrichs, Niklas Henneberg, Tatjana Beutel, Julika Pitsch, Susanne Schoch, Albert Becker, Heinz von der Kammer, Stefan Remy
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) scaffolds coated with PHA granule binding protein PhaP fused with RGD peptide
Authors: Mingliang You, Gongfeng Peng, Jian Li, Ping Ma, Zhihui Wang, Weiliang Shu, Siwu Peng, Guo-Qiang Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Clinical Urology Illustrated
Authors: Alan H. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In the 15 years that I have been teaching urological surgery in medical school, I have been frustrated in not having a text that students on a two- to four-week clinical rotation could use for a complete embryologic, anatomic, physiological, and clinical correlation of our specialty.<i>Clinical Urology Illustrated</i>, authored by a well-known Australian urologist, presents urology in a clear, interestingly graphic manner combining line drawings, tables, management plans, pictures of specimens and equipment, and imaging modes, including ultrasound and computed axial tomography techniques. <i>Clinical Urology Illustrated</i>is composed of 20 chapters that touch on every aspect of urology, the common and the esoteric. A short yet pertinent bibliography follows each chapter. Certain chapters deserve special mention, as they are particularly good. "Embryology and Congenital Anomalies" clearly illustrates an often confusing subject, to be followed later in the text by the 40-page chapter, "Paediatric Urology," which gives the reader a
Commissioners defend policies on surgery referrals amid accusations of rationing
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Health commissioners have defended their policies on referring patients for surgery, after an investigation by the Royal College of Surgeons claimed that evidence based guidance was being ignored and patient care compromised.

The college’s report— Is Access to Surgery a Postcode Lottery? 1 — analysed commissioning policies obtained under the Freedom of Information Act in April from 52 clinical commissioning groups (CCGs), 27% of the 211 CCGs in England. It investigated policies on four common surgical procedures—tonsillectomy, hip replacement, inguinal hernia repair, and otitis media with effusion—and compared them with evidence based guidance published by the Royal College of Surgeons, surgical specialty associations, and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).

The investigation found that 73% of CCGs reviewed (38 of 52) did not follow NICE or clinical guidance on referral for hip replacements or had no policy in place …
Effect of intrajejunal acidity on aqueous phase bile acid and lipid concentrations in pancreatic steatorrhoea due to cystic fibrosis.
Authors: P L Zentler-Munro, W J Fitzpatrick, J C Batten, T C Northfield
Journal: Gut (1984)

We have investigated whether jejunal hyperacidity leads to bile acid precipitation and thus limits lipid solubilisation in patients with pancreatic steatorrhoea. Jejunal contents from 12 adults with steatorrhoea due to cystic fibrosis were aspirated for three hours after a liquid test meal, and pooled according to their pH. Thirty eight per cent of the total aspirate was collected at pH less than 5 in cystic fibrosis, compared with 18% in healthy controls (p less than 0.05). Forty six per cent of the bile acids were precipitated at pH less than 5, compared with 15% at pH greater than 6 (p less than 0.01), leading to reduced aqueous phase bile acid concentration at low pH (4.7 mmol/l at pH less than 5 vs 12.5 mmol/l at pH greater than 6, p less than 0.01). Aqueous phase lipid concentrations were reduced at low pH (5.6 mmol/l at pH less than 5 vs 10.2 mmol/l at pH greater than 6, p less than 0.01). Lipolysis and total fatty acid concentrations were greatly reduced and did not vary with pH. We therefore conclude that jejunal hyperacidity leads to bile acid precipitation in pancreatic steatorrhoea due to cystic fibrosis, and imposes a further limitation on lipid solubilisation over that of lipase deficiency.
New charity hopes to provide cheap pulse oximeters to hospitals in poor countries
Authors: J. Feinmann
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Taken for granted in most Western hospitals, the pulse oximeter is set to form the centrepiece of an ambitious new initiative of the World Health Organization’s “Safe surgery saves lives” programme.

From next year a new charity, Lifebox, will deliver robust, inexpensive pulse oximeters along with educational materials anywhere in the world for just $250 (£160; €180), including postage and packaging (and $25 for a replacement probe). The aim is to save hundreds of thousands of lives by ensuring that every patient undergoing anaesthesia has routine continuous oximetry.

“We now know that around 32 million operations are carried out every year …
Changes in distribution of platelet membrane glycoproteins in patients with myeloproliferative disorders
Authors: Robert B. Bolin, Tadayoshi Okumura, G.A. Jamieson
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract Glycoproteins have been discovered to be important to platelet function both in normal and pathological states. We have studied membrane glycoprotein patterns in 16 patients with various myeloproliferative disorders. There was an abnormal ratio of glycoprotein I glycoprotein IV in patients with myeloproliferative disease compared with controls. There was no discernible correlation between glycoprotein pattern and aggregation response or platelet count, but patients with megathrombocytes had higher values for glycoprotein IV than those without megathrombocytes. These experiments suggest that patients with myeloproliferative disorders may have alterations in membrane glycoproteins that could alter platelet function.
Familial Selective Malabsorption of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>
Authors: Leonard S. Goldberg, H. Hugh Fudenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

The oldest known patient with documented familial selective malabsorption of vitamin B12 was restudied in an attempt to establish the cause of his isolated defect of vitamin B12 absorption. In previous studies an "inhibitor" of intrinsic factor (1959) and, more recently, an antibody to intrinsic factor (1966) were reported to be present in the gastric juice of this patient. In the present study, the gastric juice tested in a bioassay was found to contain a normal amount of biologically active intrinsic factor. Neither antibodies to intrinsic factor nor inhibitors of intrinsic factor were present. The mechanism responsible for vitamin B12 malabsorption in this disorder remains obscure.
Dapsone in Thrombocytopenia of the Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome
Authors: Philippe Lesprit
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 May 1995Dapsone in Thrombocytopenia of the Antiphospholipid Antibody SyndromePhilippe Lesprit, Bertrand Godeau, and Bertrand WechslerPhilippe LespritSearch for more papers by this author, Bertrand GodeauSearch for more papers by this author, and Bertrand WechslerSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Kavanaugh [1] recently reported the beneficial effect of danazol on thrombocytopenia in a patient with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.We describe a woman with thrombocytopenia associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome who responded to dapsone therapy. Her medical history included two fetal losses. In December 1993, profound thrombocytopenia (platelet count, 10 × 109/L) was seen with another spontaneous abortion. Treatment with prednisone (80 mg daily) was started, and her platelet count transiently increased to 37 × 109/L. She was hospitalized in our unit in February 1994. Physical examination was unremarkable except for ecchymotic purpura. Prednisone (1 mg/kg body ...References1. Kavanaugh A. Danazol therapy in thrombocytopenia associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:767-8. Google Scholar2. Durand JM, Lefevre P, Hovette P, Mongin M, Soubeyrand J. Dapsone for idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in elderly patients. Br J Haematol. 1991; 78:459-63. Google Scholar3. Durand JM, Lefevre P, Hovette P, Issifi S, Mongin M. Dapsone for thrombocytopenic purpura related to human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Med. 1991; 90:675-7. Google Scholar4. Godeau B, Oksenhendler E, Bierling P. Dapsone for autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol. 1993; 44:70-2. Google Scholar5. Durand JM, Lefevre P, Kaplanski G, Cretel E, Mongin M, Soubeyrand J. Correction of thrombocytopenia with dapsone in the primary antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol. 1993; 20:1777-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCryptic conspirators: a conversation about thrombocytopenia and antiphospholipid syndromeEffects of a Novel Pyridylsulphonyl Thiazole Derivative, FR115092, on Autoimmune and Mitomycin C-induced Thrombycytopenia in MiceThe Hematologic Manifestations of the Antiphospholipid SyndromePurpura thrombopénique auto-immun 15 May 1995Volume 122, Issue 10Page: 802KeywordsAntibodiesAntiphospholipid syndromeDrugsElderlyEnzyme linked immunosorbent assayHIVIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraMiscarriagePlateletsResearch laboratories Issue Published: 15 May 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Comparison of WOMAC with SF-36 for OA of the knee or hip
Authors: J G Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

In an article on Rubens' painting "The Three Graces" Dequeker suggests that hypermobility is a medical explanation of the seeming scoliosis and Trendelenburg sign in the middle figure . 1 But the posture of this middle figure should probably be interpreted as an artistic phenomenon without medical reference.Sculptors in classical Greek and Roman periods often used the contrapposto posture.In this, by putting most weight on one leg, the other leg can be shown in a relaxed and semiflexed position.This undulating between tension and relaxation will animate the figure.A person with normal muscular function and a normal back can perfectly well pose in this way with relaxed hip abductors on the weightbearing side, a descending hip on the opposite side, and a compensating scoliotic posture.This posture is facilitated by support from the arm as in Rubens' painting.If the person tries to take a forward step, relaxation of the muscles of the weightbearing hip can no longer be maintained, and the positive Trendelenburg sign will disappear.In the Renaissance period the use of this contrapposto posture was revived.During his stay in Rome Rubens eagerly studied the then recently excavated Laokoön sculpture with its three distorted figures. 2 He often used such distorted postures in his paintings to give the impression of vigorous muscular characters capable of performing great tasks.The best example is probably "The Debarkation at Marseilles" in the Maria de Medici cycle from 1622 to 1625 for the Luxembourg Palace in Paris. 3 Here, three young women, nereides, with curved muscular backs at the bottom of the picture nearly seem to carry the ship of Maria de Medici.
Recapturing the Spirit in Medicine
Authors: Michael Radetsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

A life in medicine seems a mixed blessing. We are filled with satisfaction if our work is well done but with chagrin if we fall short. We are flattered by appreciative patients but harangued by abusive ones. We are proud of our position but constantly struggle to maintain it. We consider ourselves scientists and counselors but are forever confronted by situations for which neither mind nor reason is a cure. We enjoy comfort but are at risk for early death, addiction, divorce and suicide. We stand at the focus of envy, praise and controversy. We frequently lack time enough to . . .