tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modeling of the Temporal Patterns of Fluoxetine Prescriptions and Suicide Rates in the United States
Authors: Michael S Milane, Marc A Suchard, Ma-Li Wong, Julio Licinio
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Background To study the potential association of antidepressant use and suicide at a population level, we analyzed the associations between suicide rates and dispensing of the prototypic SSRI antidepressant fluoxetine in the United States during the period 1960–2002. Methods and Findings Sources of data included Centers of Disease Control and US Census Bureau age-adjusted suicide rates since 1960 and numbers of fluoxetine sales in the US, since its introduction in 1988. We conducted statistical analysis of age-adjusted population data and prescription numbers. Suicide rates fluctuated between 12.2 and 13.7 per 100,000 for the entire population from the early 1960s until 1988. Since then, suicide rates have gradually declined, with the lowest value of 10.4 per 100,000 in 2000. This steady decline is significantly associated with increased numbers of fluoxetine prescriptions dispensed from 2,469,000 in 1988 to 33,320,000 in 2002 ( rs = −0.92; p < 0.001). Mathematical modeling of what suicide rates would have been during the 1988–2002 period based on pre-1988 data indicates that since the introduction of fluoxetine in 1988 through 2002 there has been a cumulative decrease in expected suicide mortality of 33,600 individuals (posterior median, 95% Bayesian credible interval 22,400–45,000). Conclusions The introduction of SSRIs in 1988 has been temporally associated with a substantial reduction in the number of suicides. This effect may have been more apparent in the female population, whom we postulate might have particularly benefited from SSRI treatment. While these types of data cannot lead to conclusions on causality, we suggest here that in the context of untreated depression being the major cause of suicide, antidepressant treatment could have had a contributory role in the reduction of suicide rates in the period 1988–2002.
Immunodominant minor histocompatibility antigens expressed by mouse leukemic cells can serve as effective targets for T cell immunotherapy.
Authors: S Pion, P Fontaine, C Baron, M Gyger, C Perreault
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Numerous minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) show tissue-specific expression and can induce vigorous T cell responses. They therefore represent attractive targets for leukemia immunotherapy mediated by adoptive transfer of T cells. The main objective of this work was to determine whether MiHAs expressed by normal hematopoietic cells were present on leukemic cells and whether they could trigger lysis by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). CTL assays showed that mouse leukemic cells of both lymphoid and myeloid lineages were sensitive to CTLs targeted toward some but not all MiHAs. In four out of four strain combinations in which we primed CTLs against immunodominant MiHAs, effectors killed leukemic blasts, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed when CTLs were targeted toward four immunorecessive MiHAs. Testing of HPLC fractions obtained from normal and leukemic cells provided molecular evidence that leukemic blasts expressed only some of the MiHAs found on normal mouse hematopoietic cells. Decreased density of H-2 class I molecules at the surface of leukemic cells suggests that down-regulation of genes encoding either class I molecules or proteins involved in antigen processing played a role in the aberrant expression of MiHAs. In vivo resistance to the leukemic cells by various strains of mice correlated with in vitro CTL activity. These results show that leukemic cells express only some (immunodominant) MiHAs and suggest that this subset of MiHAs represent prime targets for adoptive immunotherapy.
Zonal Origin of Localized Prostate Cancer Does not Affect the Rate of Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Felix K.-H. Chun, Alberto Briganti, Claudio Jeldres, Andreas Erbersdobler, Thorsten Schlomm, Thomas Steuber, Andrea Gallina, Jochen Walz, Paul Perrotte, Hartwig Huland, Markus Graefen, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Effects of KP-496, a Novel Dual Antagonist for Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor (CysLT1R) and Thromboxane A2 Receptor (TP), on Porcine Pancreas Elastase Induced Emphysema in Mice
Authors: S. Kurokawa, T. Okuda, M. Amakawa, M. Suda, T. Murata, Y. Hiyama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Association of a<i>HOXB13</i>Variant with Breast Cancer
Authors: Shaheen Alanee, Fergus Couch, Kenneth Offit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

HOXB13 mutations were recently described in familial prostate cancer. In this study, the prevalence of a mutation in HOXB13 was seven times as high among families of patients with breast cancer as among controls. The affected women did not have BRCA1/2 mutations.
GW25-e0772 Risk Factors Of Postoperative Mortality Of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Zheng Ziyu, Jianghui Liu, Ruibin Cai, Yingxiong Huang, Zi Ye, Jia Xu, Hong Zhan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Adiponectin-Activated AMPK Stimulates Dephosphorylation of AKT through Protein Phosphatase 2A Activation
Authors: Kun-yong Kim, Ahmi Baek, Ji-Eun Hwang, Yeon A. Choi, Joon Jeong, Myeong-Sok Lee, Dea Ho Cho, Jong-Seok Lim, Keun Il Kim, Young Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Low serum levels of adiponectin are a high risk factor for various types of cancer. Although adiponectin inhibits proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, we show that adiponectin-activated AMPK reduces the invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells by stimulating dephosphorylation of AKT by increasing protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Among the various regulatory B56 subunits, B56γ was directly phosphorylated by AMPK at Ser298 and Ser336, leading to an increase of PP2A activity through dephosphorylation of PP2Ac at Tyr307. We also show that both the blood levels of adiponectin and the tissue levels of PP2A activity were decreased in breast cancer patients and that the direct administration of adiponectin into tumor tissues stimulates PP2A activity. Taken together, these findings show that adiponectin, derived from adipocytes, negatively regulates the invasiveness of breast cancer cells by activating the tumor suppressor PP2A. [Cancer Res 2009;69(9):4018–26]
Partial splenic embolisation for hypersplenism of thalassaemia major: five year follow up.
Authors: C Politis, D G Spigos, P Georgiopoulou, H Vrettou, I Economidou, A E Germenis, C Richardson, G Papaevangelou
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Six patients with thalassaemia major were treated by partial splenic embolisation as an alternative to splenectomy and followed up for five years. Results were compared with those in a matched control group of seven patients treated by splenectomy. All patients treated by partial splenic embolisation showed a reduction in blood transfusion requirements comparable with those in the controls and which remained unchanged over the five years. Serious infections that commonly occur in patients splenectomised for thalassaemia did not occur after embolisation, presumably owing to preservation of some immune function by the splenic remnant. By contrast with the change in platelet counts seen after splenectomy, platelet counts remained normal after partial splenic embolisation, so reducing the risk of thromboses. On the other hand, pre-existing leucopenia and thrombocytopenia were corrected after embolisation. It is concluded that partial splenic embolisation provides an alternative to splenectomy for thalassaemia major and is equally effective and much safer.
The Sesamoid Index
Authors: DAVID L. KLEINBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Excerpt The acromegalic patient with advanced disease shows gross and well-known facial and skeletal changes (1). We noticed in the hand X rays of a patient with far advanced acromegaly that the medial sesamoid bone at the metacarpophalangeal joint of the first digit was larger than those usually seen in nonacromegalic patients (Figure 1). This finding led us to see if this sesamoid enlargement could be found in other acromegalic patients. Such enlargement was found in all our other acromegalic patients. Here we describe the size of this finding (expressed as a sesamoid index) as an aid in diagnosis. METHODS AND
Prevalence and Determinants of Insulin Resistance Among U.S. Adolescents
Authors: Joyce M. Lee, Megumi J. Okumura, Matthew M. Davis, William H. Herman, James G. Gurney
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

We sought to examine the distribution of insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and associations of HOMA-IR with sex, race/ethnicity, age, and weight status, as measured by BMI, among U.S. adolescents.
"Electropoise" and the Medical Profession.
Authors: Geo. M. Gould
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Philadelphia, July 14, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am glad to see the letter of Dr. Kreider in theJournalof July 10, and write to put physicians on their guard as to other publications than<i>Harpers Monthly</i>and the<i>New York Christian Advocate</i>. Several years ago I took the<i>Literary Digest</i>, but became disgusted because the advertising and even the reading columns were constantly used to humbug the public as to<i>electropoise</i>. I wrote letters of protest to the editors and publishers of the journal, but they only brought me answers of enthusiastic praise of the thing and advertisements and certificates<i>ad nauseam</i>. I tried by reason to show the publishers and editors that in matters of special knowledge expert and not lay opinion was only of value in judging of the work of a discovery, and I tried to get them to sound the medical profession as to
A new NDE1/PDGFRB fusion transcript underlying chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia in Noonan Syndrome
Authors: R La Starza, R Rosati, G Roti, P Gorello, A Bardi, B Crescenzi, V Pierini, O Calabrese, M Baens, C Folens, J Cools, P Marynen, M F Martelli, C Mecucci, A Cuneo
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Improved characterisation of histologically proven liver tumours by contrast enhanced ultrasonography during the portal venous and specific late phase of SHU 508A
Authors: C F Dietrich
Journal: Gut (2004)

Ultrasound is reported to be relatively unreliable in the characterisation of liver tumours. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of contrast enhanced phase inversion ultrasound (PIUS), a new highly sensitive contrast specific technique, performed during the liver specific phase of Levovist, to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions of the liver.A total of 174 patients with histologically proven liver tumours were prospectively examined with conventional B mode ultrasound and two minutes after intravenous bolus injection of SHU 508A (Levovist). The examination technique comprised: Siemens Sonoline Elegra, phase inversion harmonic imaging (ECI); high mechanical index (1.2-1.7) using a delayed two minute post contrast scanning technique.In all patients with malignant disease, hypoechoic contrast enhancement was seen during the portal venous phase, and convincing but variably less demarcated in 13 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with all patients with liver metastases. The liver tumours proved to be histologically benign in 95 patients and malignant in 79 patients. Homogenous contrast enhancement with a mainly isoechogenic appearance in the portal venous and liver specific late phase was seen in almost all patients with benign liver lesions with the exception of one patient with an inflammatory pseudotumour of the liver and five patients with abscesses. These six exceptions all demonstrated a hypoechoic appearance in the portal venous and liver specific late phase.The ability of unenhanced ultrasonography to characterise liver disease is known to be limited. PIUS performed during the portal venous and liver specific late phase of Levovist may differentiate between benign and malignant liver tumours in most cases, with the exception of, for example, abscesses, scars, necrosis, cysts, and calcifications, which need to be excluded clinically and by conventional B mode ultrasonography.
Comprehensive evaluation of differential gene expression analysis methods for RNA-seq data
Authors: Franck Rapaport, Raya Khanin, Yupu Liang, Mono Pirun, Azra Krek, Paul Zumbo, Christopher E Mason, Nicholas D Socci, Doron Betel
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract A large number of computational methods have been developed for analyzing differential gene expression in RNA-seq data. We describe a comprehensive evaluation of common methods using the SEQC benchmark dataset and ENCODE data. We consider a number of key features, including normalization, accuracy of differential expression detection and differential expression analysis when one condition has no detectable expression. We find significant differences among the methods, but note that array-based methods adapted to RNA-seq data perform comparably to methods designed for RNA-seq. Our results demonstrate that increasing the number of replicate samples significantly improves detection power over increased sequencing depth.
India drafts new rules to combat organ shortage
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2012)

India’s health ministry is drafting new rules for the harvesting and transplantation of human organs to tackle a severe shortage of organs and to end a trade in organs outlawed 18 years ago but thought to be still occurring.

The rules, which are likely to be finalised later this year, will govern the Transplantation of Human Organs Act, passed by the Indian parliament in 1994 and amended last year, doctors have said.

The rules are intended to improve assessment, documentation, and screening procedures when organs come from live donors and to boost the number of transplants of organs from deceased (brain stem dead) donors. 

“There’s a need to sharply increase the number of organs available in the country,” Jagdish Prasad, India’s director general of health services, told the BMJ .

Transplant surgeons estimate that more than …
BAF180 Is a Critical Regulator of p21 Induction and a Tumor Suppressor Mutated in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wei Xia, Satoru Nagase, Amy Gerstein Montia, Sergey M. Kalachikov, Megan Keniry, Tao Su, Lorenzo Memeo, Hanina Hibshoosh, Ramon Parsons
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Screening for tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer revealed multiple truncating mutations of PB1, which encodes the BAF180 subunit of the PBAF chromatin remodeling complex. Mutation was associated with loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type allele. BAF180 complementation of BAF180-mutant tumor cells caused G(1) arrest that was dependent on increased expression of the cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/WAF1/CIP1. Endogenous wild-type BAF180 bound to the p21 promoter and was required for proper p21 expression and G(1) arrest after transforming growth factor-beta and gamma-radiation treatment. BAF180 thus functions on two tumor suppressor signaling pathways as a physiologic mediator of p21 expression. We conclude that BAF180 suppresses tumorigenesis, at least in part, through its ability to regulate p21.
The Balance between T Cell Receptor Signaling and Degradation at the Center of the Immunological Synapse Is Determined by Antigen Quality
Authors: Sašo Čemerski, Jayajit Das, Emanuele Giurisato, Mary A. Markiewicz, Paul M. Allen, Arup K. Chakraborty, Andrey S. Shaw
Journal: Immunity (2008)
Health insurance company buys 28 Dutch medical centres
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Dutch GPs have raised concerns over their future independence after it was revealed that a health insurer backed by a private investment company now owns dozens of primary care centres in the Netherlands.

A survey by the national newspaper De Volkskrant identified 38 centres owned by commercial investors spread across the country, covering 155 000 patients. The largest investor, Zorgpunt, operating 28 centres, is a subsidiary of the health insurance company Menzis, which owns half the shares of Zorgpunt. The remainder are owned by an investment group, Reggeborgh.

Zorgpunt was launched last year by Menzis to fulfil its mission …
1160-167 Defining the acute cardiorenal response to high dose nesiritide in severe experimental congestive heart failure
Authors: John A Schirger, Alessandro Cataliotti, Horng H Chen, Guido Boerrigter, Lisa C Costello-Boerrigter, Fernando L Martin, Gail J Harty, John C Burnett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Pancreatitis Associated with Congenital Duodenal Duplication Cyst in an Adult
Authors: T. Stelling, W.J.J. v. Rooij, T.L. Tio, J.W.A.J. Reeders, J.J.W.M. Bartelsman, G.N.J. Tytgat
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

A case is reported of an adult patient with a history of relapsing pancreatitis. A soft duodenal submucosal lump was found by endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography (ERCP). Endoscopic ultrasonography (endo-US) showed an anechoic lesion covered with normal duodenal wall structure. Histology of the surgically resected cyst confirmed the diagnosis. Since surgery no further attacks of pancreatitis have occurred.
Corticosteroid effect on epidermal cell size
Authors: C. DELFORNO, P.J.A. HOLT, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article Corticosteroid effect on epidermal cell size Get access C. DELFORNO, C. DELFORNO Department of Medicine, Welsh National School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J.A. HOLT, P.J.A. HOLT Department of Medicine, Welsh National School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. MARKS R. MARKS Department of Medicine, Welsh National School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff Reprint requests to: Dr. R. Marks, Reader and Consultant in Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Welsh National School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XN. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 98, Issue 6, 1 June 1978, Pages 619–623, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb03579.x Published: 01 June 1978
Splenule Disguised as Pancreatic Mass
Authors: Muhammad Shah, Andrew Mcclelland, Renee Moadel, Arshad A. Javed, Leonard M. Freeman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Splenules are congenital foci of healthy splenic tissue that are separate from the main body but are structurally identical to the spleen, derived from mesenchymal buds on the left side of the mesogastrium and commonly seen in or near the tail of the pancreas. We report a case of a 58-year-old male who was found to have a pancreatic tail mass on contrast-enhanced abdominal CT, which was similarly disguised as a pancreatic tail mass on both magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and abdominal MRI. A liver spleen scintigraph with Tc sulfur colloid later proved the mass to be a splenule.
Trends in Fetal and Infant Survival Following Preeclampsia
Authors: Olga Basso, Svein Rasmussen, Clarice R. Weinberg, Allen J. Wilcox, Lorentz M. Irgens, Rolv Skjaerven
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Management of preeclampsia often culminates in induced delivery of a very preterm infant. While early termination protects the fetus from an intrauterine death, the newborn then faces increased risks associated with preterm delivery. This practice has increased in recent decades, but its net effect on fetal and infant survival has not been assessed.To assess the effect on fetal and infant survival of increased rates of early delivery of preeclamptic pregnancies.Population-based observational longitudinal study using registry data from 804 448 singleton first-born infants with Norwegian-born mothers and registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway between 1967 and 2003.Odds ratio (OR) of fetal and early childhood death in relation to preeclampsia.Among preeclamptic pregnancies, inductions before 37 weeks increased from 8% in 1967-1978 to nearly 20% in 1991-2003. During this period, the adjusted OR for stillbirth decreased from 4.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8-4.7) to 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1-1.7) for preeclamptic compared with nonpreeclamptic pregnancies. During the same period, the OR for neonatal death after preeclamptic pregnancy remained relatively stable (1.7 in 1967-1978 vs 2.0 in 1991-2003). Later infant and childhood mortality also showed little change.Fetal survival in preeclamptic pregnancies has vastly improved over the past 35 years in Norway, presumably because of more aggressive clinical management. However, the relative risk of neonatal death following a preeclamptic pregnancy has not changed over time.
Screening dyspepsia by serology to Helicobacter pylori
Authors: G. M. Sobala, J. E. Crabtree, J. A. Pentith, B. J. Rathbone, T. M. Shallcross, J. I. Wyatt, M. F. Dixon, R. V. Heatley, A. T. R. Axon
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
MR-03 * MicroRNA PROFILE OF MIGRATING GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS KEPT IN STEM CELL MEDIUM
Authors: S. Munthe, S. Zabludoff, P. Karmali, V. Kaimal, F. R. Poulsen, B. W. Kristensen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The pronounced migration potential of tumor cells in glioblastomas (GBMs) results in infiltration of the surrounding brain. This prevents surgical removal leading to inevitable tumor recurrence. The migrating tumor cells are therefore crucial to target by other means in order to cure GBM patients. MicroRNAs have been suggested as a novel type of targets in cancer circumventing known resistance mechanisms. The aim of the present study therefore was to identify novel microRNA targets present in migrating GBM cells. In order to preserve the cancer stem cell phenotype in our studies, we developed a migration assay using serum-free so-called stem cell medium. METHODS: The migration assay was established by placing GBM spheroids on a coated surface followed by migration speed measurements using time-lapse microscopy. Five patient-derived GBM spheroid cultures and three commercial GBM cell lines were used. All culturing was performed in serum-free medium. At time-points of high migration speed, the migrating tumor cells were isolated and prepared for microRNA profiling using the corresponding spheroids for comparison. The microRNA profiling was performed using a Taqman OpenArray Human MicroRNA Panel. RESULTS: The microRNA profiling revealed 22 significantly deregulated microRNAs. Three microRNAs, miR-886-3p, miR-483-5p, and miR-1227 were more than 2 fold upregulated and 5 microRNAs, miR-590-5p, miR-210, miR-29b, miR-32, and miR222* were more than 2 fold downregulated. CONCLUSION: Migrating GBM cells kept in stem cell medium display a specific deregulated microRNA profile compared to non-migrating tumor cells. This suggests that targeting of microRNAs in migrating tumor cells with a preserved tumor initiating stem-like phenotype may be possible. The functional role of the deregulated microRNAs as well as the precise potential of therapeutic targeting needs further investigation.
Determinants of symptom pattern in idiopathic severely delayed gastric emptying: gastric emptying rate or proximal stomach dysfunction?
Authors: G Karamanolis, P Caenepeel, J Arts, J Tack
Journal: Gut (2006)

Idiopathic gastroparesis is a syndrome characterised by severely delayed gastric emptying of solids without an obvious underlying organic cause. Although delayed gastric emptying is traditionally considered the mechanism underlying the symptoms in these patients, poor correlations with symptom severity have been reported.