tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 529: Giα proteins are a differential mediator of activation of RTK signaling in normal and breast cancer cells.
Authors: Zhanwei Wang, Rica Dela-Cruz, meisheng Jiang, Wen-Ming Chu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract In classic view, inhibitory heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits 1, 2, and 3 (Gi1α, Gi2α and Gi3α) couple to Giα protein-coupled receptors (GiPCR) and then transduce signals from GiPCRs to downstream pathways in hormone and chemo-attractant signaling. Recent genetic evidence demonstrates that Giα proteins are crucial to embryo development and growth as well as tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the implication of Giα proteins in this physiological and pathological process is largely unknown. Here we report that Giα proteins differentially regulate receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)-mediated activation of growth factor signaling. Gi1α and Gi3α double deficient (Gi1/3 DKO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), in which Gi2α expression is also lower than that in wild type cells, exhibited a clear defect in ERK1/2 activation by EGF, HB-EGF, insulin and IGF-I, but not aFGF, bFGF or high dose of serum (FBS). Further, Gi1/3 DKO MEFs were largely defective in Akt-mTORC1 activation by aFGF, bFGF, EGF, HB-EGF, serum, but not IGF-1 and insulin. The defect in Akt or ERK1/2 activation in Giα deficient MEFs was rescued upon reintroduction of Gi1α and Gi3α proteins. Interestingly, Giα deficiency impaired activation of Akt-mTROC1 and ERK1/2 by PDGF at a low, but not a high dose. Using a RNA interference strategy, we showed that knockdown of Giα proteins in either wt MEFs or triple negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB231-D3H2-LN) led to a defect in Akt-mTROC1 and ERK1/2 activation, which is similar to that in Giα deficient cells in response to EGF, bFGF or IGF-1. Additional experimental analysis revealed that Giα proteins formed a complex with RTKs, Gab1, FRS2 and Shp2 in breast cancer cells in response to EGF, bFGF, or IGF-1. Gi1/3 DKO MEFs showed a defect in EGF- and IGF-1-induced interaction of Gab1 with SHP2, which is required for ERK1/2 activation by EGF and IGF-1, and a defect in bFGF-induced interaction of Grb2 with Gab1, which is required for Akt-mTORC1 activation by aFGF and bFGF. Finally, knockdown of Giα proteins impaired in vitro growth and invasion of breast cancer cells in response to bFGF, EGF, and IGF-1. Thus, Giα proteins are a differential mediator of RTK signaling in normal and breast cancer cells. Citation Format: Zhanwei Wang, Rica Dela-Cruz, meisheng Jiang, Wen-Ming Chu. Giα proteins are a differential mediator of activation of RTK signaling in normal and breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 529. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-529
Suicide Prevention in Later Life: A Glass Half Full, or Half Empty?
Authors: Yeates Conwell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2009)

In most countries of the world, older adults kill themselves at higher rates than any other age group.Given that the leading edge of the large post-World War II "baby boom" cohort will reach the age of 65 in 2011, demographers predict a rapid rise in the number of seniors taking their own lives in subsequent decades.The need for effective approaches to late-life suicide prevention is pressing.
Deficiency of invariant Vα14 natural killer T cells decreases atherosclerosis in LDL receptor null mice
Authors: Leah Rogers, Sarah Burchat, Jessica Gage, Mirela Hasu, Mohamad Thabet, Lindsay Wilcox, Tanya A. Ramsamy, Stewart C. Whitman
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

AimsCD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells function by regulating numerous immune responses during innate and adaptive immunity. Depletion of all populations of CD1d-dependent NKT cells has been shown by several groups to reduce atherosclerosis in two different mouse models of the disease. In this study, we determined if removal of a single (Vα14) NKT cell population protects mice from the disease.
Tricuspid Insufficiency Detected by Equilibrium Gated Radionuclide Study
Authors: BRUCE HANDLER, DAN G. PAVEL, WILFRED LAM, ERNEST BYROM, STEVEN SWIRYN, RAYMOND PIETRAS, KENNETH M. ROSEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

The results of a gated radionuclide cardiac study are reported in a patient with biventricular failure and tricuspid insufficiency demonstrated by clinical evaluation, M-mode and 2-D sector echocardiography, and cardia catheterization. The processed gated radionuclide cardiac study showed a left ventricular/right ventricular stroke volume ratio of 0.5; expansion of the hepatic blood pool demonstrated by hepatic time activity curve and calculation of an "'expansion fraction"; and synchronous changes of count rate of the atrial and hepatic regions detected by phase analysis (similar phase shifts).
Potassium-losing Nephritis Presenting as a Case of Periodic Paralysis
Authors: B. M. Evans, M. D. Milne
Journal: BMJ (1954)

JoUmAL 1067 to stimuli of many kinds.Other toxins seem to block pro- cesses concerned in the transmission of co-ordinating stimuli between groups of cells.This appears to be the case with the tetanus and botulinum toxins, which interfere seriously with the acetylcholine mechanism (Ambache et al., 1948a(Ambache et al., , 1948b;;Burgen et al., 1949).In other instances, especially with the endotoxins now being disentangled from Gram- negative bacteria, cellular metabolic functions seem to be the foci of attack, but there is an appalling lack of information about these matters.Clearly we are on the threshold of a vast new world of cellular research from which we may gain rich treasure if we explore it critically and with imagination.The reward will include, I feel sure, progress not only in fundamental knowledge about life but in applied pathology, carrying with it new ideas about the recognition and treatment of disease no less than the forestalling of sickness.
Serial changes in left ventricular relaxation and chamber stiffness after large myocardial infarction in rats.
Authors: T E Raya, R G Gay, L Lancaster, M Aguirre, C Moffett, S Goldman
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To determine the time course of changes in left ventricular diastolic properties after a large myocardial infarction, we serially measured left ventricular relaxation, chamber stiffness, and the ratio of left ventricular cavity to wall volume (V/VW) after coronary artery ligation in rats. Left ventricular relaxation was measured during the occlusion and then both relaxation and chamber stiffness were measured at 3 hr, 24 hr, and 3, 5, and more than 22 days after infarction. Left ventricular pressures and left ventricular dP/dt were recorded with micromanometer-tipped catheters. Left ventricular relaxation was measured by computer digitization of the left ventricular pressure tracings and averaged over 100 to 150 cardiac cycles. Five chamber stiffness constants were calculated from pressure-volume curves that were obtained ex vivo. We found ventricular relaxation prolonged for the first hour after coronary occlusion; relaxation was maximally prolonged at 10 to 15 min after onset of occlusion. After 1 hr relaxation returned to normal. However, by 5 days ventricular relaxation was again prolonged. Left ventricular stiffness constants were increased at 3 and 24 hr, resulting in a shift of the left ventricular pressure-volume relation to the left. At 3 days after coronary artery ligation, all stiffness constants and the pressure-volume relation returned to normal. At more than 22 days the pressure-volume relation was shifted to the right and the stiffness constant for low filling pressures was decreased. V/VW was significantly decreased from 0.603 +/- 0.021 at 3 and 24 hr to 0.379 +/- 0.024 and 0.362 +/- 0.032, respectively. V/VW was significantly increased at more than 22 days (0.921 +/- 0.094).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hepatotoxic Reaction to lodipamide Meglumine Injection
Authors: Alfred E. Stillman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

HEPATOTOXIC reactions resulting from the use of cholecystographic and cholangiographic contrast media have been understandably rare.<sup>1,2</sup>A patient without known preexisting liver disease who sustained a clinically mild but chemically severe hepatotoxic reaction was recently studied at Tucson Medical Center; the suspected responsible agent was iodipamide meglumine injection. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old woman was seen one week before admission because of recent onset of periumbilical pain. No other notable gastrointestinal symptoms were present. A cholecystectomy had been performed two years previously. The findings of the initial physical examination were entirely normal. Results of a complete blood cell count (CBC), determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, urinalysis, electrocardiogram, and complete liver function tests (Table) obtained six days before admission were all well within normal limits. A plain x-ray film of the abdomen revealed a prominent calcification in the right upper quadrant. An intravenous cholangiogram performed by infusion of 60
The Neuroanatomy of Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Peter McL. Black
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This book is a reprint of a collection of Leonardo da Vinci's drawings of the nervous system, which has been out of print. It is a pleasure on three different levels. First, there are the drawings themselves. Dr Todd has organized them inpart by anatomic subject: the skull, the brain and cranial nerves, the spine and spinal cord, and the peripheral nerves and plexuses. Most of the illustrations are sketches that include Leonardo's mirror writing. There are also anatomical specimens and fragments from his finished paintings to illustrate specific points. Todd has added a chapter on functional neuroanatomy ("The Senses"), which describes da Vinci's concept of vision, hearing, smell, and taste, and three general "from crude reconstruction of Galenic theory to absolutely correct anatomical detail" chapters, "Reflections on Leonardo and the Nervous System," "Drawing as a Tool," and "Anatomical Illustrations Before Leonardo da Vinci." The drawings give remarkable insight into
APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early-life bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Elodie Belnoue, Maria Pihlgren, Tracy L. McGaha, Chantal Tougne, Anne-Françoise Rochat, Claudia Bossen, Pascal Schneider, Bertrand Huard, Paul-Henri Lambert, Claire-Anne Siegrist
Journal: Blood (2008)
Carcinoid Syndrome Due to Carcinoid Tumour of the Ovary
Authors: J. H. J. Bancroft, D. J. O'Brien, A. Tickner
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Preliminary Communications JBOUNALhad disappeared not only in the group treated with the sulphonamide-pyrimethamine combination but also in the group given sulphonamide alone; in the third group the asexual parasite rate was 26%, with densities approximately those in "untreated " infections.These results indicate that in combating pyrimethamineresistant malaria, not only is sulphorthodimethoxine apparently successful in combination with pyrimethamine but it is equally effective when used alone.Details of this and subsequent drug trials will be published in due course. COMMENTThis example of the schizonticidal action of a long-acting sulphonamide against pyrimethamine-resistant forms of P. falciparum should encourage further investigations into the antimalarial action of sulphonamides, at least in the suppressive field.For treatment of the acute attack of malaria preliminary tests suggest that the action of sulphorthodimethoxine is too slow. SUMMARYA preliminary field trial to test the potentiative effect of giving sulphonamide with pyrimethamine against pyrimethamineresistant falciparum malaria was carried out among African schoolchildren in north-east Tanganyika, where drug-resistance was known to be present.A surprising finding was that the sulphonamide used, the long--acting sulphorthodimethoxine .(Fanasil), was equally effective as a schizonticide in weekly doses of 500 mg.per se as when given with weekly 25-mg.doses of pyrimethamine.I should like to thank Dr. J. Garrod, of Roche Products Ltd., for information and advice on sulphorthodimethoxine, and to the firm for supplies of the drug.
Coronary Heart Disease in Women — An Ounce of Prevention
Authors: Elizabeth G. Nabel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Cardiovascular disease, including stroke, is the leading killer of women in the United States and in most developed countries. In 1997, cardiovascular disease accounted for 43 percent of all deaths in women in the United States.1 For the nearly 50 million American women who will be more than 50 years of age in the year 2000, there is no greater health-related issue than the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Epidemiologic studies and randomized clinical trials provide compelling evidence that coronary heart disease (CHD) is largely preventable.2 (Interventions that may be effective in the primary and secondary prevention of coronary . . .
Light-chain only multiple myeloma is due to the absence of functional (productive) rearrangement of the IgH gene at the DNA level
Authors: Florence Magrangeas, Marie-Laure Cormier, Géraldine Descamps, Nadège Gouy, Laurence Lodé, Marie-Paule Mellerin, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Régis Bataille, Stéphane Minvielle, Hervé Avet-Loiseau
Journal: Blood (2004)
Postmortem and intraoperative balloon valvuloplasty of calcific aortic stenosis in elderly patients: Mechanisms of successful dilation
Authors: Robert D. Safian, Valerie S. Mandell, Robert E. Thurer, Grover M. Hutchins, Stuart J. Schnitt, William Grossman, Raymond G. McKay
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Medical Education and the State — Punch Drunk — One up to the Student
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

PROFESSOR R. V. Christie, who has held the chair of medicine both at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, and at McGill, recently delivered the annual Harveian Oration at the Royal College of Physicians of London, and took as his topic the influence of the State on medical education. Bearing in mind that he was delivering the Harveian oration, he began by referring to the rise of the University of Padua. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries students in Italy seem to have been kept in unbelievable servitude, to which they eventually manifested passive resistance, migrating from city to city. In the . . .
Mesentericocaval "Jump" Graft in Management of Portal Hypertension: Experience with 24 Cases
Authors: M. Smith, R. J. Tuft, A. R. Davidson, J. W. Laws, J. L. Dawson, R. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A series of 24 patients with cirrhosis have undergone mesentericocaval shunt operations for the relief of portal hypertension. Overall the results have been satisfactory. Four of the five patients treated as an emergency and 17 of the 19 who had the operation two to six weeks after haemorrhage had been controlled left hospital alive and well. Separation of the patients into three categories according to the findings of clinical and biochemical tests, however, showed that subsequent survival was satisfactory for patients in categories A and B but that all four patients in category C had died within one year after surgery. Assessment at three months showed that in three patients moderate hepatic encephalopathy had developed.Evidence that the shunt remains patent was shown by a low incidence of repeated gastrointestinal haemorrhage and a marked diminution in variceal size in 18 of the 19 cases examined serially. Radiographic techniques for confirming shunt patency were compared and cannulation of the graft via the femoral vein was found to provide a reliable and rapid means of assessment.
Breast transillumination using the sinus diaphanograph.
Authors: D Watmough
Journal: BMJ (1982)

institution like the one in which I work.If the rumour got around that the treatment was painful it would discourage people from coming.We routinely culture for herpesvirus from the untreated cuts and I would certainly supplement the topical treatment with systemic treatment in high dose should a herpesvirus appear in the laboratory.
PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM WITH CLUMPING OE BLOOD CELLS AND ABNORMAL PLASMA PROTEIN.
Authors: F. G. BOLTON, M. HEWITT, W. B. YEOMAN, R. P. WARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM WITH CLUMPING OE BLOOD CELLS AND ABNORMAL PLASMA PROTEIN. Get access F. G. BOLTON, F. G. BOLTON The United Bristol Hospitals and Frenchay Hospital, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. HEWITT, M. HEWITT The United Bristol Hospitals and Frenchay Hospital, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. B. YEOMAN, W. B. YEOMAN The United Bristol Hospitals and Frenchay Hospital, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. P. WARIN R. P. WARIN The United Bristol Hospitals and Frenchay Hospital, Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 5, 1 May 1959, Pages 190–192, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13404.x Published: 01 May 1959
The Molecular Basis for Perforin Oligomerization and Transmembrane Pore Assembly
Authors: Katherine Baran, Michelle Dunstone, Jenny Chia, Annette Ciccone, Kylie A. Browne, Christopher J.P. Clarke, Natalya Lukoyanova, Helen Saibil, James C. Whisstock, Ilia Voskoboinik, Joseph A. Trapani
Journal: Immunity (2009)
Can Some DCIS Patients Avoid Adjuvant Therapy? Still Unknown
Authors: C. Schmidt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2011)

Among patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), adjuvant treatment with radiation, tamoxifen, or both cuts the risk of later invasive disease in the affected breast by more than half compared with lumpectomy alone. And invasive disease in the same breast is associated with a higher risk of death, according to a study in this issue of the Journal. The new findings add to evidence that adjuvant treatments—because they reduce the risk of local recurrence—are warranted, said Irene Wapnir, M.D., lead author of the study and chief of breast surgery at Stanford University School of Medicine. The study also found that 35% of patients treated with lumpectomy alone—no adjuvant therapy—experienced a recurrence, in the form of either DCIS or invasive cancer. So for nearly two-thirds of 2,612 patients evaluated, adjuvant treatments were unnecessary, the authors
The effect of timolol vs placebo on angina pectoris.
Authors: W S Aronow, M Turbow, S Van Camp, M Lurie, K Whittaker
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The effect of timolol vs placebo on the frequency of anginal episodes, nitroglycerin consumption and exercise performance was investigated in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study in 23 patients with angina pectoris. The optimal dose of timolol (10-30 mg twice daily) for each patient was titrated by exercise studies. Compared with placebo, timolol decreased the weekly number of anginal attacks and the weekly number of nitroglycerin tablets consumed, reduced the resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and product of systolic blood pressure times heart rate, decreased the heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and product of systolic blood pressure times heart rate at the onset of angina pectoris or marked fatigue, prolonged exercise duration, and diminished electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia. Timolol is an excellent antianginal agent when prescribed twice daily, with the optimal dose titrated by exercise studies.
The Autohemolysis Test
Authors: Daniel N. Mohler
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I enjoyed the article by Dr. David Prager concerning the autohemolysis test (<b>201</b>: 189, 1967) and agree with him that this is a very useful test in helping to categorize various hemolytic disorders. In his type I pattern of autohemolysis he includes hereditary spherocytosis (HS), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). It is true that all of these disorders may show an increase in autohemolysis which is partially corrected by glucose and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), but the pattern of each is quite different. While red cells from patients with hereditary spherocytosis usually show considerable autohemolysis after 48 hours (20% to 30%), red cells from patients with G6PD deficiency hemolize only slightly more than normal cells. PNH red cells may show as much hemolysis at 48 hours as HS cells when defibrinated blood is used (heparin inhibits the hemolysis of PNH red cells), but the
Severity of imported falciparum malaria.
Authors: D. Burgner, M. Hickey
Journal: BMJ (1992)

found for 35 drugs.Contrary to hospital advice, 59 drugs were issued in childproof containers.We had spent time counselling the patients on their treatment before discharge.We had attempted to improve communication by sending a copy of the discharge prescription to the general practitioner by first class post and alerting the practice surgery by telephone to the patient's discharge.Closer communication between hospital and community care professionals is clearly required.Hospitals should endeavour to inform general practitioners of patients' discharge on the day of discharge or the next working day, and a subse- quent home visit by either the doctor or a liaison health visitor would facilitate continuity of treat- ment.We agree that a more active role for community pharmacists would help iron out potential sources of confusion in nomenclature, timing of doses, and containers and would benefit this vulnerable group of patients.
TNF-α downregulates murine hepatic growth hormone receptor expression by inhibiting Sp1 and Sp3 binding
Authors: Lee A. Denson, Ram K. Menon, Angel Shaufl, Himmat S. Bajwa, Carol R. Williams, Saul J. Karpen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Children with chronic inflammatory diseases experience growth failure and wasting. This may be due to growth hormone resistance caused by cytokine-induced suppression of growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene expression. However, the factors governing inflammatory regulation of GHR are not known. We have reported that Sp1 and Sp3 regulate hepatic GHR expression. We hypothesized that TNF-α suppresses GHR expression by inhibiting Sp1/Sp3 transactivators. LPS administration significantly reduced murine hepatic GHR expression, as well as Sp1 and Sp3 binding to GHR promoter cis elements. TNF-α was integral to this response, as LPS did not affect hepatic Sp1/Sp3 binding or GHR expression in TNF receptor 1–deficient mice. TNF-α treatment of BNL CL.2 mouse liver cells reduced Sp1 and Sp3 binding to a GHR promoter cis element and downregulated activity of a GHR promoter-driven luciferase reporter. Combined mutations within adjacent Sp elements eliminated GHR promoter suppression by TNF-α without affecting overall nuclear levels of Sp1 or Sp3 proteins. These studies demonstrate that murine GHR transcription is downregulated by LPS, primarily via TNF-α–dependent signaling. Evidence suggests that inhibition of Sp transactivator binding is involved. Further investigation of these mechanisms may identify novel strategies for preventing inflammatory suppression of growth.