tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metalloproteinase and cytokine production by THP-1 macrophages following exposure to chitosan-DNA nanoparticles
Authors: Fatiha Chellat, Alexia Grandjean-Laquerriere, Richard Le Naour, Julio Fernandes, L’Hocine Yahia, Moncef Guenounou, Dominique Laurent-Maquin
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)
Preoperative biochemical screening
Authors: M Jones, I Harvey
Journal: BMJ (1988)

American Society of Anaesthesiologists' (ASA) grade system (ASA I, healthy patient; ASA II, mild systemic disease; ASA III, severe, non- incapacitating systemic disease; ASA IV, severe, incapacitating systemic disease which is a constant threat to life; and ASA V, moribund patient, not expected to live for 24 hours with or without surgery) abnormal values were found in 1-5% of patients in grade I, 17% in grade II, 35% in grade III, and 48% in grades IV and V.' In addition, most abnormal values in patients in grade II were minor and not clinically important.Therefore patients in grades I and II do not need routine estimations of urea and electrolyte concentrations whereas those in grades III, IV, and V do, as the results are much more likely to be abnormal.I therefore suggest that this grading system, which could be easily learnt by junior medical staff, would be more appropriate than age as an indicator of the need for biochemical screening preoperatively.
Man is granted right to seek declaration allowing a doctor to kill him
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A High Court judge has given a man with locked-in syndrome the go ahead to apply for a court declaration that would allow a doctor to kill him without risking a murder charge.

The ruling by Mr Justice Charles at the High Court in London that Tony Nicklinson has an arguable case opens the way for him to take his case—thought to be the first of its kind—to court later this year. Too paralysed to help take his own life, he is seeking voluntary euthanasia rather than assisted suicide.

The judge rejected an attempt by the Ministry of Justice …
Patient-Reported Neuropathy and Taxane-Associated Symptoms in a Phase 3 Trial of nab-Paclitaxel Plus Carboplatin versus Solvent-Based Paclitaxel Plus Carboplatin for Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Vera Hirsh, Isamu Okamoto, Jeremy K. Hon, Ray D. Page, James Orsini, Hiroshi Sakai, Hui Zhang, Markus F. Renschler, Mark A. Socinski
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Liver Involvement in the Syndrome of Mixed Cryoglobulinemia
Authors: YORAM LEVO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

A study of liver abnormalities in 36 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia in the absence of underlying infectious, connective tissue, or lymphoproliferative disorders revealed clinical or biochemical evidence of liver dysfunction in 84%. Hepatomegaly was detected in 77%, splenomegaly in 54%, and abnormalities in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in 77%. Only four of the patients had overt liver disease. Of 15 biopsies from 12 patients, there was normal tissue structure in two, minimal nonspecific changes in one, portal fibrosis in three, chronic persistent hepatitis in one, chronic active hepatitis in two, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis in four, and postnecrotic cirrhosis in two. These findings, together with the previously reported high incidence of serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, support the view that the syndrome of purpura, arthritis, and nephritis is often a consequence of immune-complex vasculitis secondary to HBV infection.
Doctors try to get speakers to boycott international conference chaired by plagiarist
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A group of doctors from the United Kingdom is trying to get speakers at a forthcoming international medical conference in Croatia to boycott it on the grounds that it is being chaired by a proven plagiarist.

The group is unhappy that the fifth annual meeting of the International Academy of Perinatal Medicine—to be held in Dubrovnik in October―is being chaired by Asim Kurjak of Zagreb University Medical School.

The British doctors are writing to all the non-Croatian speakers taking part, who number 44 in all, alerting them to Professor Kurjak’s history of plagiarism.

Professor Kurjak was found guilty of scientific misconduct by the Croatian government’s Committee for Ethics in Science and Higher …
Pramlintide Reduces Postprandial Glucose Excursions When Added to Regular Insulin or Insulin Lispro in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Christian Weyer, Alan Gottlieb, Dennis D. Kim, Karen Lutz, Sherwyn Schwartz, Maria Gutierrez, Yan Wang, James A. Ruggles, Orville G. Kolterman, David G. Maggs
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

To assess the postprandial glucose-lowering effect of the human amylin analog pramlintide when given with either regular insulin or insulin lispro in subjects with type 1 diabetes, with an emphasis on the optimal dose timing relative to meals.In this randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, five-way crossover study, 19 subjects with type 1 diabetes using regular insulin and 21 subjects with type 1 diabetes using insulin lispro underwent five consecutive mixed meal tests. In randomized order, subjects received subcutaneous injections of placebo at -15 min or 60 microg pramlintide at -15, 0, +15, or +30 min relative to the meal after an overnight fast. Regular insulin or insulin lispro was injected at -30 and 0 min, respectively, at doses that were adjusted appropriately for both the content of the standardized meal and the anticipated effects of pramlintide. Plasma glucose concentrations were measured before and during the 4-h postmeal period.In both the regular insulin and insulin lispro groups, pramlintide injections at all four time points lowered the postprandial glucose excursion (36 to >100% reduction in incremental area under the concentration time curve from 0 to 4 h (AUC(0-4 h)) compared with placebo. However, only preprandial injections of pramlintide (-15 and 0 min) were able to prevent the initial postprandial surge in glucose. The optimal time for pramlintide injection was 0 min, which reduced the postprandial glucose excursion by >100% compared with regular insulin plus placebo (incremental AUC(0-4 h): -0.6 +/- 2.5 vs. 11.0 +/- 2.9 mmolx h(-1) x l(-1), P < 0.0007) and by 75% compared with insulin lispro plus placebo (incremental AUC(0-4 h): 2.5 +/- 2.1 vs. 10.0 +/- 2.5 mmol x h(-1) x l(-1), P < 0.0098). No serious adverse events were reported.Pramlintide, given at or just before a meal, reduces the postprandial glucose excursion in subjects with type 1 diabetes, regardless of whether added to regular insulin or a rapid-acting insulin analog.
Caring and Compassion in Clinical Practice
Authors: Michael Thackrey
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In this thought-provoking volume, Seymour B. Sarason (psychological researcher, educator, and concerned clinician of more than 40 years' experience) examines salient issues underlying the public's perception that care and compassion are lacking among human services clinicians.  Rather than criticizing the intentions of individual practitioners, Sarason instead probes the social systems that elicit and maintain the view of the compassionless and uncaring behavior of many clinicians. Ultimately, Sarason concludes that the processes whereby clinicians are selected, trained, and professionally socialized may discourage caring and compassionate persons from entering the helping professions and may inhibit the expression of caring and compassion among practitioners.  Beginning with an incisive analysis of Abraham Flexner's 1910 report on medical education in the United States and Canada, Sarason sketches the historical development of exaggerated emphasis on technical expertise and concomitant neglect of interpersonal sensitivity during the selection and training of physicians. His definition of clinician , which includes
SOME EXPERIMENTS ON RABBITS MADE WITH A VIEW TO OBTAINING A STUMP FOR THE ACCURATE FITTING OF GLASS EYES.
Authors: J. HERBERT CLAIBORNE
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In<i>Gaillard's Medical Journal</i>for May, 1889, I gave a detailed account of some experiments made upon rabbits with a view to obtaining a better stump for the fitting of glass eyes. In those experiments I planted sponge and cotton in the scleral cavity and sponge in the capsule of Tenon. The results of those experiments were negative. In experiment No. 1, the planting of sponge in the scleral cavity, the edges of the scleral wound held firmly together except at the forward angle, for four weeks. At that point the sponge could be easily seen by inspection, lying snugly packed away; the stump was firm and compressible and the catgut sutures which had been used to draw the edges of the scleral wound together had become absorbed. The entire stump was then removed for microscopic examination. There was a small zone of granulation tissue in the meshes of the
Headaches and Neuroimaging
Authors: Aseem Sharma
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Protracted survival in patients with Down's syndrome.
Authors: S J Howell, K J Foster, J Reckless
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Relation between intake and plasma concentration of vitamin C in elderly womenThe plasma concentration of vitamin C is relatively low in the elderly, particularly those in long stay hospitals,' but it is not clear to what extent these low concentrations are due to low intake.We examined the relation between intake and plasma concentrations of vitamin C in elderly women living at home and in long stay hospitals.
Abstract 14642: Intravascular Ultrasound Comparison of Small Coronary Lesions Between the CardioMind Coronary Stent and Conventional Sirolimus-Eluting Stent
Authors: Teruyoshi Kume, Katsuhisa Waseda, Bon-Kwon Koo, Roberto Botelho, Stefan Verheye, Robert Whitbourn, Ian Meredith, Stephen Worthley, Koh T Hai, Paul G Yock, Yasuhiro Honda, Alexandre Abizaid, Peter J Fitzgerald
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  The CardioMind Sparrow ®  stent system consists of a self-expanding, ultra-thin nitinol stent mounted within a 0.014-inch guide wire delivery system having improved flexibility and deliverability. The performance of this novel device with sirolimus in a fully biodegradable polymer (CMI SES) has not been determined. Therefore, the aim was to compare the CMI SES against conventional balloon-expandable sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) in patients with small vessel disease.   Methods:  A total of 14 lesions treated with the CMI SES from the CARE II trial, which was a prospective, randomized, multi-center trial in the treatment of single de novo native coronary artery lesions, were compared to 22 small vessel lesions (reference diameter    Results:  Reference diameter was similar between the 2 groups (CMI SES: 2.23±0.32 vs. SES: 2.25±0.02 mm, p=NS). Stent volume index (VI) of CMI SES was significantly increased during follow-up period and stent VI at follow-up was similar to that of SES. On the other hand, % neointimal volume was significantly greater in CMI SES than that in SES. Therefore, there was a significant difference in lumen VI between CMI SES and SES at follow-up. However, change in lumen VI during follow-up period did not reach statistical significance between CMI SES and SES.   Conclusions:  Despite revealing greater amounts of neointimal hyperplasia, this novel stent system with sirolimus presented chronic stent expansion to compensate for neointimal obstruction and thus, preserved the lumen to some extent by increasing stent volumes at follow-up.
ACUTE INTESTINAL SURGERY, WITH REMARKS ON TECHNIC.
Authors: JOHN YOUNG BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

There is a class of abdominal cases which may justly be considered acute. Acute for the reason that the indications for immediate surgery are mandatory and in which the mortality largely depends on the time of operation and the technic of the work. Under this heading I wish to discuss: 1. Penetrating gunshot and stab wounds of the abdomen. 2. Severe abdominal contusions associated with rupture of the intestines or with other visceral injuries. 3. Strangulated hernia. I shall confine myself as closely as possible to a consideration of the operative technic. <h3>PENETRATING GUNSHOT AND STAB WOUNDS OF THE ABDOMEN.</h3> At the last meeting of this Association I presented in detail a series of cases of gunshot and stab wounds of the abdomen on which I had operated at the St. Louis City Hospital. In that paper I endeavored to show the impossibility of determining the damage done to abdominal
Sorites paradox and conscious experience
Authors: Tamás Pólya, László Tarnay
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

The theory of consciousness proposed by O'Brien &amp; Opie is open to the Sorites paradox, for it defines a consciousness system internally in terms of computationally relevant units which add up to consciousness only if sufficient in number. The Sorites effect applies on the assumed level of features.
Neonates at risk of atopy show impaired production of interferon‐gamma after stimulation with bacterial products (LPS and SEE)
Authors: D. Pohl, C. Bockelmann, K. Förster, C. H. L. Rieger, U. Schauer
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Recent studies demonstrate reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion in neonates who became atopic later in life. The underlying pathomechanism is still unknown. We therefore examined the effects of bacterial products on neonatal IFN-gamma production acting through different T-cell- or antigen-presenting-cell (APC)-stimulating mechanisms: cord-blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), staphylococcal enterotoxin E (SEE), or a combination of both and restimulated with PMA and ionomycin. LPS and SEE as single stimuli induced IFN-gamma production to the same extent in CBMC of neonates with high and low risk of atopy. In contrast, a combination of LPS and SEE had a multiplying effect on IFN-gamma secretion only in CBMC of neonates with low risk of atopy. Phenotype analysis revealed that only memory T cells showed impaired IFN-gamma synthesis (median 3.6% IFN-gamma-producing cells vs 14.2% in controls: P < 0.01), whereas IFN-gamma production by naive T cells did not differ in either group. Taken together, these results point to the existence of a disturbed function of costimulatory mechanisms in neonates at high risk of atopy, provoking reduced memory T-cell IFN-gamma production.
BACE1, the Alzheimer's beta-secretase enzyme, in health and disease
Authors: Robert Vassar
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

The beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide is the major constituent of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain and is likely to play a central role in the pathogenesis of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder. The beta-secretase, beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1; also called Asp2, memapsin 2), is the enzyme responsible for initiating the generation of Abeta. Thus, BACE1 is a prime drug target for the therapeutic inhibition of Abeta production for the treatment or prevention of AD. Since its discovery over 10 years ago, much has been learned about BACE1. This seminar will describe BACE1 properties, physiological functions, and dysregulation in AD. The therapeutic potential of BACE1 inhibitors for AD will also be considered. Particular focus will be placed upon our novel results demonstrating a role of BACE1 in the axon guidance of olfactory sensory neuron axons to specific odorant receptor glomeruli in the olfactory bulb and the therapeutic implications of these findings.
Dermoid Ovarian Tumour in a Child Aged Seven Years: Ovariotomy: Recovery
Authors: J. K. Thornton
Journal: BMJ (1881)

recovery, on August 30th, the pains being chiefly confined to the right ankle and knee; the fever-heat ranged from normal in the mornkings, to IOI.4°(the highest on four occasions) in the evenings, and the pulse from 8o to Ioo.REMARKS.-The case exemplifies in part the failure of salicine to relieve pain, prevent pericarditis, or act as a febrifuge.Three drachms were talken daily for two days; and on the third, the day of the first high temperature (Io4°in the evening), two drachms were adminis- tered.This dose I have generally found adequate, in cases where it suited, to relieve pain and reduce the temperature, although Drs.Mac- lagan, Ringer, and others advise much larger doses, and more fre- quently repeated.It is a matter for consideration if the diarrhoea, which lasted for two days (July 30th and 3ist), and the alkalinity of the urine on August Ist, were in any way cornected with the drug.Ringer suggests the possibility of the latter, though he gives no grounds for the suggestion.The chief interest of the case lies in the hyper- pyrexia, and the instantaneous benefits derived from cold applications.
First Food and Drug Administration Approval Under Humanitarian Device Exemption of a Septal Occluder for Fenestrated Fontan and Muscular Ventricular Septal Defects
Authors: Carlos E. Ruiz, E. H. Austin, J. P. Cheatham, D. A. Danford, L. A. Latson, J. Mayer, C. E. Mullins, S. Sanders
Journal: Circulation (2000)
Traitement palliatif des cancers obstructifs recto-coliques par endoprothèses métalliques: Etude prospective multicentrique française
Authors: K Vahedi, S Reignier, D Heresbach, L Poincloux, A Le Sidaner, F Prat, I Boytchev, A Charachon, T Maniere, D Coumaros, JP Barbieux, M Lehrun, JC Saurin, M Antonietti, M Giovannini, B Desaint, T Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Introduction: Les endoprothèses colorectales semblent être une alternative à la chirurgie de dérivation colique en cas de cancer obstructif inopérable à visée curative ou en cas d'occlusion néoplasique aiguë. Notre objectif était d'évaluer les résultats de la mise en place d'endoprothèses métalliques expansibles dans le traitement des cancers obstructifs colorectaux symptomatiques en situation palliative.
Glomerular Lesions and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Type I Diabetes without Overt Proteinuria
Authors: Blanche M. Chavers, Rudolf W. Bilous, Eileen N. Ellis, Michael W. Steffes, S. Michael Mauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Since several studies have suggested that a slight increase in urinary albumin excretion (microalbuminuria) is predictive of nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus, we studied the relation of albumin excretion to renal structure in patients with insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetes. Renal biopsy specimens were evaluated with light- and electron-microscopical morphometric techniques in 48 patients who had had diabetes for 5 to 40 years and who excreted less than 200 mg of urinary albumin per 24 hours. Patients in Group I (n = 26) had normal urinary albumin excretion, creatinine clearance, and blood pressure; those in Group II (n = 10) had increased urinary albumin excretion but normal creatinine clearance and blood pressure; those in Group III (n = 12) had increased urinary albumin excretion and hypertension, decreased creatinine clearance, or both. Glomerular structure varied similarly, ranging from normal to abnormal in Groups I and II, but was consistently abnormal in Group III. The thickness of the glomerular basement membrane, the fractional volume of the mesangium, and the mesangial volume per glomerulus in Group III exceeded the corresponding values in the other groups significantly. Thus, microalbuminuria, when present with hypertension, decreased creatinine clearance, or both, indicates established abnormalities of glomerular structure. Normal albumin excretion, or microalbuminuria without these other functional abnormalities, does not accurately predict the severity of the underlying glomerular lesions in patients with Type I diabetes. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:966–70.)
The call of the wild (rabbit)
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The BMJ Christmas issue reported cases of squirrel and mouse bites but I can do much better than that. A patient came in recently with a rabbit bite, I kid you not. If the abrasion had been any more superficial it would have been protuberance. Laying on the antiseptic as thick as the sarcasm, I admonished him sternly. “Were you teasing it with a stick?” I asked, “or putting your hand in and out of its mouth to impress your friends?” Our prehistoric ancestors survived by hunting down small furry creatures, and attractive though this sounds, rabbit meat is no longer an essential part of our diet. But …
Moderate Expression of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen, a Tissue Differentiation Antigen and Folate Hydrolase, Facilitates Prostate Carcinogenesis
Authors: Veronica Yao, Anil Parwani, Christoph Maier, Warren DeWayne Heston, Dean John Bacich
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Increased expression of PSMA, a differentiation antigen with folate hydrolase activity, is an independent marker of prostate cancer progression. Mice expressing moderate levels of human PSMA in their prostate develop PIN-like lesions by 9 months. The aim of this study was to determine whether PSMA is involved in prostate carcinogenesis and progression and, if so, the possible mechanism by which PSMA may exert its effects. Using prostates from PSMA-transgenic mice, we developed a tissue recombinant model that exhibits small atypical glands with features of adenocarcinoma. This was not observed in tissue recombinants that were composed of prostate tissues from the wild-type siblings. Cells from PSMA-transgenic tissue recombinants have the ability to form colonies in semisolid agar. PSMA may facilitate this phenotype by increasing the invasive ability of cells. Ectopic PSMA expression on PC-3 cells increased the invasive capacity of cells in in vitro invasion assays, which could be competed out by folic acid. These results suggest PSMA facilitates the development of prostate cancer, and the invasive ability of these cells may be modulated by folate levels. These findings show a novel mechanism that may contribute to the known role of folate in cancer prevention, and may lead to the use of PSMA inhibitors as novel chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer. Moreover, our model should prove useful for further dissecting pathways involved in prostate carcinogenesis and progression. [Cancer Res 2008;68(21):9070–7]