tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterial infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.
Authors: M Helbert, D Robinson, D Buchanan, T Hellyer, M McCarthy, I Brown, A J Pinching, D M Mitchell
Journal: Thorax (1990)

Of 207 homosexual or bisexual patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), 24 with the AIDS related complex, and 39 with asymptomatic HIV infection, 32 patients were found to have mycobacterial infection. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in 13 patients with AIDS and in two with the AIDS related complex. M avium-intracellulare was found in 15 patients with AIDS and was disseminated in 12. One patient was infected with M kansasii and one with M ulcerans. Invasive procedures were frequently required to obtain positive bacteriological results. Subclinical carriage of M avium-intracellulare and other mycobacteria thought to be nonpathogenic was common in patients seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus and at all stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection. All but one isolate of M tuberculosis were fully sensitive to standard antimycobacterial antibiotics. Response to treatment was usually rapid. M avium-intracellulare isolates were all resistant to first line agents in vitro, and antibiotics such as ansamycin and amikacin were required to obtain a clinical response.
Mediastinal Emphysema Complicating Myocardial Infarction
Authors: J. M. Danish
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

SEVERAL recent papers have adequately described the clinical features of mediastinal emphysema. Most reports have incorporated the adjective "spontaneous." Further study suggests that precipitating factors were involved in most, if not all, cases and that the term "spontaneous" may therefore not be applicable.1 Aisner and Franco2 point out that it is important to seek out circumstances precipitating or predisposing to the given episode. When an injury has occurred it is obvious that the origin of the emphysema is traumatic. On the other hand, the factor may have been missed because of its apparent triviality, or it may have been forgotten . . .
Genetic regulation of a structural polymorphism of human C3b receptor.
Authors: W W Wong, J G Wilson, D T Fearon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Two forms of the human C3b receptor (C3bR), which have relative molecular weights (Mr) of 250,000 and 260,000 and are designated F and S, respectively, have been identified in specific immunoprecipitates from erythrocytes and leukocytes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Both forms of the receptor were visualized on gels by autoradiography of 125I-labeled antigen and by silver nitrate staining. Individual donors expressed one of three possible patterns of C3bR, either the F or S form alone or both, and these patterns represented stable phenotypic characteristics of their erythrocytes and polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. Removal of N-linked oligosaccharides by endoglycosidase-F treatment decreased the Mr of both forms but did not abolish the difference in their electrophoretic mobilities. That both forms of the receptor were functional was indicated by the capacity of all antigenic C3bR sites on erythrocytes from individuals having any of the three phenotypes to bind dimeric C3b with affinities ranging from 3 to 5 X 10(7) M-1. Analyses of the occurrence of the F and S forms of C3bR in 76 individuals from 15 families revealed that this polymorphism was regulated by two alleles transmitted in an autosomal codominant manner. Of 111 normal unrelated individuals, 64.9% were homozygous for the F form (FF), 1.8% were homozygous for the S form (SS), and 33.3% were heterozygotes (FS). This distribution did not differ from that calculated by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium based on two codominant alleles that regulate the expression of the F and S forms and that have frequencies of 81.5 and 18.5%, respectively. The locus regulating structural polymorphism of C3bR is designated C3BRM (M for mobility or Mr), and is distinct from the recently described locus regulating the quantitative expression of C3bR on erythrocytes.
Regorafenib Inhibits Colorectal Tumor Growth through PUMA-Mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Dongshi Chen, Liang Wei, Jian Yu, Lin Zhang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Regorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, has recently been approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms of action of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells have been unclear. We investigated how regorafenib suppresses colorectal cancer cell growth and potentiates effects of other chemotherapeutic drugs. Experimental Design: We determined whether and how regorafenib induces the expression of PUMA, a p53 target and a critical mediator of apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. We also investigated whether PUMA is necessary for the killing and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, xenograft tumors were used to test if PUMA mediates the in vivo antitumor, antiangiogenic, and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib. Results: We found that regorafenib treatment induces PUMA in colorectal cancer cells irrespective of p53 status through the NF-κB pathway following ERK inhibition and glycogen synthase kinase 3β activation. Upregulation of PUMA is correlated with apoptosis induction in different colorectal cancer cell lines. PUMA is necessary for regorafenib-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Chemosensitization by regorafenib is mediated by enhanced PUMA induction through different pathways. Furthermore, deficiency in PUMA abrogates the in vivo antitumor, antiangiogenic, and chemosensitization effects of regorafenib. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a key role of PUMA in mediating the anticancer effects of regorafenib in colorectal cancer cells. They suggest that PUMA induction can be used as an indicator of regorafenib sensitivity, and also provide a rationale for manipulating the apoptotic machinery to improve the therapeutic efficacy of regorafenib and other targeted drugs. Clin Cancer Res; 20(13); 3472–84. ©2014 AACR.
Use of Antimicrobial Agents and Drug Resistance
Authors: Morton N. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The globalization of business, travel, and communication has brought increased attention to exchanges between farflung communities and countries. Similarly, awareness of the potential globalization of the bacterial ecosystem has led to a greater awareness of the interactions between community and hospital and between human and animal floras.The optimism generated by the dawn of the antimicrobial era in the mid-1940s was soon quenched by the emergence of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Whereas before 1946 about 90 percent of S. aureus isolates in hospitals were susceptible to penicillin, 75 percent of isolates were resistant by 1952.1 At first, a distinction was made . . .
Impaired IgG-Dependent Anaphylaxis and Arthus Reaction in FcγRIII (CD16) Deficient Mice
Authors: Wouter L.W Hazenbos, J.Engelbert Gessner, Frans M.A Hofhuis, Henri Kuipers, Dirk Meyer, Ingmar A.F.M Heijnen, Reinhold E Schmidt, Matyas Sandor, Peter J.A Capel, Marc Daëron, Jan G.J van de Winkel, J.Sjef Verbeek
Journal: Immunity (1996)
Optimizing the Science of Quality Improvement
Authors: Eric David Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemotherapy in non-small cell bronchial carcinoma.
Authors: R Hurt
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Chemotherapy in non-small cell bronchial carcinoma SIR,-In the first paragraph of your editorial on the chemotherapy of non-small cell bronchial carcinoma (September 1985;40:641-5) it is stated that very few patients with squamous or large cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the lung are cured by surgery.This is indeed true in relation to the total number of cases of lung cancer each year, but on the other hand it should be emphasised that in the relatively small group of patients who are suitable for surgical treat- ment the five year survival rate (operative mortality ex- cluded) is as high as 25% (to be precise 25.5-26.8% in the review by Belcher of 8781 patients with bronchial carcinoma operated on by seven surgeons in England during the years
Cases Illustrating the Value of the Bacillus-Search
Authors: A. Ransome
Journal: BMJ (1884)

M'E -RTIH.XR iuvtswhiah I have now pleasure in, doing), and in stating briefly the caorse of the affection.This seemingly hopeless case, which has, by what is certainly not strecognised method of treatment, given a most gratifying result, sug guso the following conclusions.t There are probably some cases of atrophy of the optic nerve in which the, hypodermic injection of pilo carpine would prove a valuable addition to the recognised mete of treatment.2, Thes injections may, in suitable cases, be continued daily; for a' long time, without lowering the6 patient'a hoalthk 3.Stryehnine and pilocarpine may be audmiisteed subcutaneowu at- the same time.,
Antibiotic Resistance and the Future—Reply
Authors: James M. Hughes
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 are closely related to the fibroproliferative process in the liver during chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Ralf Lichtinghagen, Dirk Michels, Christian I Haberkorn, Burkhard Arndt, Matthias Bahr, Peer Flemming, Michael P Manns, Klaus H.W Boeker
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Content of low density lipoprotein receptors in breast cancer tissue related to survival of patients.
Authors: M J Rudling, L Stahle, C O Peterson, L Skoog
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The content of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors in tissue from primary breast cancers was determined and its prognostic information compared with that of variables of established prognostic importance. Frozen tumour specimens were selected, and tissue from 72 patients (32 of whom had died) were studied. The LDL receptor content showed an inverse correlation with the survival time. Analysis by a multivariate statistical method showed that the presence of axillary metastasis, content of receptors for oestrogen and LDL, diameter of the tumour, and DNA pattern were all of prognostic value with regard to patient survival. Improved methods of predicting survival time in patients with breast cancer may be of value in the choice of treatment for individual patients.
Kinetics of rubidium-82 after coronary occlusion and reperfusion. Assessment of patency and viability in open-chested dogs.
Authors: R A Goldstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Currently available noninvasive techniques are unable to rapidly assess artery patency and tissue viability during acute myocardial infarction. In prior studies, rubidium-82 (Rb-82), a short-lived positron emitter obtained from a generator, was validated as an indicator of flow with a model that included the rate constants for transfer into and out of the cell. Accordingly, in the current study, 20 open-chested dogs with experimental infarction were studied serially at base line, after coronary occlusion, and at reperfusion. Time-activity curves acquired with beta probes on the epicardial surface were used to measure flow and net transfer of rubidium. Flow decreased to 0.41 +/- 0.08 ml/min per gram during occlusion and increased to 2.73 +/- 0.56 ml/min per gram in potentially viable ischemic tissue, whereas flows were 0.32 +/- 0.08 during occlusion (P less than 0.05 vs. viable) and 1.58 ml/min per gram (P less than 0.002 vs. viable) in irreversibly injured tissue. The transfer rate constant for Rb-82, kT, at base line was +1.22 +/- 0.60 X 10(-3) s-1 and did not change significantly during occlusion in viable vs. nonviable samples (+1.41 +/- 1.27 vs. +0.93 +/- 1.51 X 10(-3) s-1, respectively), except that 4 out of 11 nonviable tissue samples had negative kTs. At reperfusion, viable myocardial samples were all positive (+1.26 +/- 1.58 X 10(-3) s-1), whereas all irreversibly injured tissues had a negative kT, indicating leakage of tracer (-1.50 +/- 1.10 X 10(-3) s-1, P less than 0.001). This study suggests that Rb-82 time-activity curves can be useful to determine patency of an infarct related artery and potential viability after reperfusion during myocardial infarction.
Platelets contribute to postnatal occlusion of the ductus arteriosus
Authors: Katrin Echtler, Konstantin Stark, Michael Lorenz, Sandra Kerstan, Axel Walch, Luise Jennen, Martina Rudelius, Stefan Seidl, Elisabeth Kremmer, Nikla R Emambokus, Marie-Luise von Bruehl, Jon Frampton, Berend Isermann, Orsolya Genzel-Boroviczény, Christian Schreiber, Julinda Mehilli, Adnan Kastrati, Markus Schwaiger, Ramesh A Shivdasani, Steffen Massberg
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
An Alternative Method for Screening EGFR Mutation Using RFLP in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Ichiro Kawada, Kenzo Soejima, Hideo Watanabe, Ichiro Nakachi, Hiroyuki Yasuda, Katsuhiko Naoki, Masafumi Kawamura, Keisuke Eguchi, Koichi Kobayashi, Akitoshi Ishizaka
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Cutaneous melanoma attributable to sunbed use: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: M. Boniol, P. Autier, P. Boyle, S. Gandini
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To estimate the burden of melanoma resulting from sunbed use in western Europe. <b>Design</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis. <b>Data sources</b> PubMed, ISI Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded), Embase, Pascal, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and MedCarib, along with published surveys reporting prevalence of sunbed use at national level in Europe. <b>Study selection</b> Observational studies reporting a measure of risk for skin cancer (cutaneous melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma) associated with ever use of sunbeds. <b>Results</b> Based on 27 studies ever use of sunbeds was associated with a summary relative risk of 1.20 (95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.34). Publication bias was not evident. Restricting the analysis to cohorts and population based studies, the summary relative risk was 1.25 (1.09 to 1.43). Calculations for dose-response showed a 1.8% (95% confidence interval 0% to 3.8%) increase in risk of melanoma for each additional session of sunbed use per year. Based on 13 informative studies, first use of sunbeds before age 35 years was associated with a summary relative risk of 1.87 (1.41 to 2.48), with no indication of heterogeneity between studies. By using prevalence data from surveys and data from GLOBOCAN 2008, in 2008 in the 15 original member countries of the European Community plus three countries that were members of the European Free Trade Association, an estimated 3438 cases of melanoma could be attributable to sunbed use, most (n=2341) occurring among women. <b>Conclusions</b> Sunbed use is associated with a significant increase in risk of melanoma. This risk increases with number of sunbed sessions and with initial usage at a young age (&lt;35 years). The cancerous damage associated with sunbed use is substantial and could be avoided by strict regulations.
Prescribing Drugs of Addiction
Authors: P. H. Connell, H. D. Beckett, P. Boyd, G. Christie, S. D. Gupta, J. Denham, J. G. Edwards, F. P. Haldane, H. Hassall, K. H. M. Lottinga, J. W. Mack, J. L. McClure, G. B. Oppenheim, J. Owens, M. H. Rathod, J. L. Reed, G. Sedman, R. F. Tredgold, T. H. Bewley, J. G. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1970)

not given, and there was no indication that these figures were comparable for each of the six treatments administered, which included iso- prenaline plus phcnylephrine.In Dr. Hum-'s let- ter this information was available, but it indica- ted (a) that the mean PaO., before isoprenaline plus phenylephrine (66 mm.Hg) was consider- ably lower than that before salbutamol (74 mm.Hg), and (b) that the mean change in PaO,, after drug administration was only + 1-7 mm.Hg in the case of isoprenaline plus phenylephrine, and -3-7 mm.Hg in the case of salbutamol.The difference in favour of isoprenaline plus
An Accelerated Infliximab Induction Regimen Reduces the Need for Early Colectomy in Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: David J Gibson, Zaid S Heetun, Ciaran E Redmond, Kavin S Nanda, Denise Keegan, Kathryn Byrne, Hugh E Mulcahy, Garret Cullen, Glen A Doherty
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Integrated genomic analyses identify WEE1 as a critical mediator of cell fate and a novel therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: C C Porter, J Kim, S Fosmire, C M Gearheart, A van Linden, D Baturin, V Zaberezhnyy, P R Patel, D Gao, A C Tan, J DeGregori
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
LICHENOID ERUPTION DUE TO AMIPHENAZOLE.
Authors: H. BAKER, D. T. D. HUGHES, J. S. PEGUM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1964)

Journal Article LICHENOID ERUPTION DUE TO AMIPHENAZOLE. Get access H. BAKER, H. BAKER The London Hospital, Whitechapel Rd., London, E.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. T. D. HUGHES, D. T. D. HUGHES The London Hospital, Whitechapel Rd., London, E.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. S. PEGUM J. S. PEGUM The London Hospital, Whitechapel Rd., London, E.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 76, Issue 4, 1 April 1964, Pages 186–190, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb14504.x Published: 01 April 1964
Endothelin Receptor Blockade and Exacerbation of Heart Failure
Authors: István Szokodi, Jarkko Piuhola, Heikki Ruskoaho
Journal: Circulation (2003)

We have read with interest the report by Lüscher et al 1 on the Heart Failure Endothelin A Receptor Blockade Trial (HEAT).Administration of an endothelin A receptor antagonist, darusentan (30, 100, or 300 mg/d), for 3 weeks significantly decreased systemic vascular resistance with concomitant increase in cardiac index in patients with chronic heart failure (HF).However, early exacerbation of HF was observed in 36.7% of the patients receiving 300 mg darusentan, in contrast to 12.1% in the placebo group.Similarly, treatment with nonselective endothelin A/B receptor antagonist, bosentan, was accompanied by worsening HF in the Research on Endothelin Antagonism in Chronic Heart Failure (REACH-1) 2 and the Endothelin Antagonist Bosentan for Lowering Cardiac Events in Heart Failure (ENABLE) trials (preliminary results presented by M. Packer, MD, at the 51st Annual Scientific Sessions of the American College of Cardiology, 2002, Atlanta, Ga).It has been proposed that development of sustained fluid retention may account for the adverse prognosis in patients receiving endothelin receptor antagonists.Among the major mechanisms regulating cardiac contractile force, the ␤-adrenoceptor system and the force-frequency relationship are impaired, while the Frank-Starling mechanism-ie, increased contractile force in response to elevated end diastolic volume-is preserved in hypertrophied and even in failing hearts. 3Therefore, in these pathological conditions, the adaptation of the heart to varying levels of load is more dependent on the Frank-Starling mechanism.We have recently studied the contribution of endogenous endothelin to the Frank-Starling response in Langendorffperfused normal and hypertrophied rat hearts. 4Mixed endothelin A/B receptor antagonist, bosentan, attenuated the preloadinduced maximal increase in cardiac contractility by more than 50% in the hypertrophied hearts but not in normal rat hearts.Of note, bosentan had no effect on contractility under baseline conditions.Our findings imply that endogenous endothelin plays a significant role in the maintenance of cardiac function during acute increases in hemodynamic load in severely hypertrophied hearts.We propose that treatment with endothelin receptor antagonists can either improve or worsen cardiac function depending on the loading conditions of the heart.Endothelin receptor blockade is likely to increase cardiac performance at rest by decreasing peripheral resistance.However, blockade of the myocardial endothelin system may impair the adaptation of the heart to increased load by interfering with the Frank-Starling response.This mechanism may explain the observed fatal adverse events and early exacerbation of HF (eg, fluid retention) in the study of Lüscher et al.
Double Inferior Vena Cava Diagnosis by Technetium-99m Labeled RBC Study
Authors: JOHN L. HOWARD, RAMESH D. DHEKNE, WARREN H. MOORE, STEPHEN E. LONG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Duplication of the inferior vena cava occurs in 0.3-3.0% of the population. It is caused by the persistence of the left supracardinal vein. The left inferior vena cava commonly crosses ventral to the aorta to join the right inferior vena cava at or slightly above the level of the renal arteries. A 60-year-old man presented with melanotic stools. A gastrointestinal bleeding study using Tc-99m labeled RBCs demonstrated three major abdominal vascular channels. A CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of a double inferior vena cava.