tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular phylogenetics at the population/species interface in cave spiders of the southern Appalachians (Araneae:Nesticidae:Nesticus)
Authors: M. C. Hedin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

This paper focuses on the relationship between population genetic structure and speciation mechanisms in a monophyletic species group of Appalachian cave spiders (Nesticus). Using mtDNA sequence data gathered from 256 individuals, I analyzed patterns of genetic variation within and between populations for three pairs of closely related sister species. Each sister-pair comparison involves taxa with differing distributional and ecological attributes; if these ecological attributes are reflected in basic demographic differences, then speciation might proceed differently across these sister taxa comparisons. Both frequency-based and gene tree analyses reveal that the genetic structure of the Nesticus species studied is characterized by similar and essentially complete population subdivision, regardless of differences in general ecology. These findings contrast with results of prior genetic studies of cave-dwelling arthropods that have typically revealed variation in population structure corresponding to differences in general ecology. Species fragmentation through both extrinsic and intrinsic evolutionary forces has resulted in discrete, perhaps independent, populations within morphologically defined species. Large sequence divergence values observed between populations suggest that this independence may extend well into the past. These patterns of mtDNA genealogical structure and divergence imply that species as morphological lineages are currently more inclusive than basal evolutionary or phylogenetic units, a suggestion that has important implications for the study of speciation mechanisms.
Shortcomings in Specificity Research and Remedial Suggestions, Including the Involvement of Language Markers
Authors: Louis A. Gottschalk
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

There are important shortcomings in the psychosomatic research considered germane to specificity theory. The deficiencies include: (1) Omitting consideration of all the interacting psychosocial and biomedical variables hypothesized to be involved in producing high-risk probability for a specific medical disorder. (2) Low pertinence and reliability in the measurement procedures and instruments applied to the task. (3) Inadequate statistical assessment of the predictive data. Suggestions are made for remedying these shortcomings, including the use of objective language markers in making assessments of psychobiological dimensions and locating markers indicative of biological predispositions.
Postoperative Venous Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: Edward H. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Community-Based Tuberculosis Program in Cambodia
Authors: S. Thim
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Use of Noninvasive Measurements of Airway Inflammation in Steroid Reduction in Children
Authors: Angela Zacharasiewicz, Nicola Wilson, Christiane Lex, Edward M. Erin, Albert M. Li, Trevor Hansel, Mohammed Khan, Andrew Bush
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

The use of noninvasive methods of monitoring airway inflammation, such as exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and induced sputum, has been shown to improve asthma monitoring and optimize treatment in adult patients with asthma. There is a lack of comparable data in children. Forty children with stable asthma eligible for inhaled steroid reduction were reviewed every 8 weeks, and their inhaled steroid dose halved if clinically indicated. eNO, sputum induction combined with bronchial hyperreactivity testing, and exhaled breath condensate collection were performed at each visit to predict success or failure of reduction of inhaled steroids. Thirty of 40 (75%) children tolerated at least one dose reduction, 12 of 40 (30%) were successfully weaned off, and in total, 15 of 40 (38%) children experienced loss of asthma control. Treatment reduction was successful in all children who had no eosinophils in induced sputum before the attempted reduction. Using multiple logistic regression, increased eNO (odds ratio, 6.3; confidence interval, 3.75-10.58) and percentage of sputum eosinophils (odds ratio, 1.38; confidence interval, 1.06-1.81) were significant predictors of failed reduction. These findings suggest that monitoring airway inflammation may be useful in optimizing treatment in children with asthma.
Suppression of cell-mediated immunity by street rabies virus.
Authors: T J Wiktor, P C Doherty, H Koprowski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Mice lethally infected with street rabies virus failed to develop cytotoxic T cells specific for rabies virus-infected target cells, whereas high levels of cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) were generated after nonfatal infection with the attenuated high egg passage (HEP) or ERA rabies virus strains. Furthermore concurrent infection with street, but not with HEP, rabies virus suppresses development of a primary (but not a secondary) CMC response specific for influenza virus. No cross-reactivity is found between effector T-cell populations from mice immunized with HEP or with influenza virus. It thus appears that street rabies virus, which is not known to replicate in the cells of immune system, induces some general defect in the primary CMC lymphocyte response, though restimulation of memory T-cell populations is unimpaired and there is no defect in antibody formation. Development of fatal rabies may reflect the operation of this selective immunosuppressive mechanism.
A prospective study on adrenal cortex responses and outcome prediction in acute critical illness: results from a large cohort of 203 mixed ICU patients
Authors: Ioanna Dimopoulou, Konstantinos Stamoulis, Ioannis Ilias, Marinella Tzanela, Panagiotis Lyberopoulos, Stylianos Orfanos, Apostolos Armaganidis, Maria Theodorakopoulou, Stylianos Tsagarakis
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
PSYCHICAL RESULTS OF GYNECOLOGICAL OPERATIONS.Read in the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: I. S. STONE
Journal: JAMA (1890)

It has become quite the fashion of late, on the part of anti-surgical gynecologists and others opposed to radical measures in the treatment of the diseases of women, to make suggestive allusion to the possibility of insanity, or other grave neurosis, following operations. This paper is accordingly presented to this Section, showing, as I believe it does, the real facts as known to-day upon the question: "Do psychoses follow gynecological operations?" The advent of Apostoli's application of electricity, has also afforded an opportune moment for the anti-surgical practitioner to renew and reinforce himself against radical treatment. The brilliant claims of Apostoli, and the still more arrogant assumption of certain followers of the gifted electrician, would lead the casual reader and observer to the supposition that hysterectomy for myoma is no longer a necessity. It is, therefore, not surprising that between the two extremes, there should be an active
NEW TECHNIC FOR THE FLOCCULATION TEST OF SYPHILIS
Authors: Arthur R. Casilli
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The various modifications of the original Sachs-Georgi precipitation test of syphilis have dealt with the preparation of antigen, the technic used, or both. One thing has become evident, however, and that is the use of concentrated but freshly diluted antigen. Kahn's preparation of antigen and modification of technic used in performing the reaction have gone far to show that the flocculation test may eventually replace the difficult complement fixation procedure of Wassermann. The technic I have evolved takes advantage of Kahn's antigen, but the reaction gives decided, clear flocculation results. <h3>TECHNIC</h3> The clear serum is inactivated at 56 C. for half an hour. One-tenth c.c. of serum is diluted with 0.9 c.c. of physiologic sodium chlorid solution (0.8 per cent.). At the bottom of a clean, dry, one-fourth by 4 inch test tube made of nonsoluble glass is put 0.05 c.c. of pure cholesterinized antigen (not diluted), and to this
Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori Infestation and the Development and Progression of Chronic Gastritis: Results of Long-term Follow-up Examinations of a Random Sample
Authors: K. Villako, H. Maards, R. Tammur, R. Keevallik, M. Peetsalu, P. Sipponen, M. Kekki, M. Siurala
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

One hundred and thirty-nine subjects representing a randomly selected sample of an Estonian urban population examined endoscopically, bioptically and bacteriologically in 1979 was re-examined in 1985. In the antrum the development of superficial gastritis was clearly associated with the appearance or persistence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infestation. The further progression of superficial gastritis could less clearly be related to HP infestation, although regression and progression of antral superficial gastritis was significantly associated with the disappearance or presence of the bacteria. The progression of atrophic antral gastritis as well as the development and progression of all body gastritis seemed unrelated to the HP infestation. It is concluded, that HP infestation is in some way involved in the appearance of the first stages of chronic gastritis, but is less related or unrelated to its further progression, which is probably determined mainly by factors other than HP.
Venoms: Chemistry and Molecular Biology
Authors: Jay M. Arena
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The venoms of snakes are complex mixtures, chiefly proteins, many of which have enzymatic activities. Tu has, in one comprehensive volume, analyzed the venoms of snakes, scorpions, spiders, bees, wasps, ants, and Gila monsters to establish a better and more complete understanding of the chemistry and pharmacology of these variable toxins.  During recent years it has been shown that the more deleterious and lethal fractions of snake venoms are certain peptides and proteins of relatively low molecular weight, some of which are 5 to 20 times more lethal than the crude venom. Tu describes in detail the enzyme and protein content of venoms, giving an extensive treatment of the molecular aspects of venom components. The effects on cell membranes, blood coagulation, and subsequent hemorrhagic complications are well documented. Even the metabolic and teratogenic effects of snake venom are briefly discussed.  Added pluses for this book are the comprehensive reviews of
A Comparison of Lipid and Glycemic Effects of Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia
Authors: John D. Brunzell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Goldberg et al. (1) report a randomized comparison of the effects of two thiazolidinediones (TZDs), pioglitazone (Actos) and rosiglitazone (Avandia), on lipid and lipoprotein levels in individuals with diabetes treated with diet and/or oral monotherapy. Many changes in these lipids and lipoproteins seemed to be in favor of pioglitazone. Two important pieces of information were not included in the published study. …
Exact Address of Association Treasurer.
Authors: F. W. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Coronado, Cal., June 1, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you please insert in ourJournalthe exact place of residence of the Treasurer of theAssociation, that members may know just where to send dues. <h3>Answer:</h3> —Henry P.Newman,M.D.,36 Washington Street, Chicago, Ill.
Irritant reactions to dithranol in normal subjects and psoriatic patients
Authors: T. KINGSTON, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

The irritant reaction to dithranol on normal forearm skin of forty psoriatics and forty controls was investigated by skin contact thermometry and ID50 values were calculated for each skin type (I to IV). We concluded that there is no difference between the irritant effects of dithranol in psoriatics and normal subjects. There was no correlation between irritant dose threshold and minimal erythema dose (MED) to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) but skin type I patients are the most sensitive. The irritant response to dithranol can be partially blocked by prior treatment with indomethacin.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
Authors: J L Eisen, D A Beer, M T Pato, T A Venditto, S A Rasmussen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors evaluated the frequency of DSM-III-R obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.Patients with schizophrenia (N = 52) or schizoaffective disorder (N = 25) were evaluated for the presence of obsessions and compulsions by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, chart review, and contact with the treating clinicians.Six (7.8%) of the 77 patients met the DSM-III-R criteria for both obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.These findings suggest that obsessive-compulsive disorder occurs in a substantial percentage of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The addition of medications targeted at obsessive-compulsive disorder may be beneficial to these patients but requires systematic evaluation.
Relation of Intestinal Metaplasia to the Acid-Secreting Area
Authors: M. Tatsuta, S. Okuda, H. Taniguchi, H. Tamura
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

The distribution of intestinal metaplasia in relation to the acid-secreting are was investigated in 66 patients not suffering from gastroduodenal diseases. Studies were made via the endoscopic Congo Red test in combination with the methylene blue staining method. In this test, the acid-secreting area is identified as a "discolored" area in which Congo Red turns from red to blue-black, and areas of intestinal metaplasia were observed as areas staining blue with methylen blue. A close relationship was found between the acid-secreting area and the distribution of intestinal metaplasia; in general, intestinal metaplasia tended to be more extensive and more frequent when the acid-secreting area was small. It was also found that intestinal metaplasia increased with age. However, even in patients who were over 40 years of age, intestinal metaplasia was seen in 12.5% only, if the acid-secreting area was large. Hence, it appears likely that development of intestinal metaplasia is more closely related to the acid-secreting function than to aging.
Health for all by the year 2000?
Authors: S. Bergstrom, P. Mocumbi
Journal: BMJ (1996)

“No child in the world will go to bed hungry by the year 2000.” This was one of the final statements at the closing of the Food Security Conference in Rome in 1974. According to the United Nations Development Programme, hunger now prevails among at least a quarter of the world's inhabitants.1 Every day there are 30 000-40 000 child deaths in the world, most of these from diseases related to malnutrition.2 This means that there are 12 to 14 million child deaths associated with hunger each year. Can we expect this figure to have improved by the year 2000?

The well known phrase “Health for all by the year 2000” was coined at the United Nations Alma Ata conference in 1978. Only four years are left for hunger and disease to be defeated. Objectives are natural when setting targets and are often linked to a change of century or to a historically important date. But what is the use of wishful thinking far away from the bitter reality of widespread poverty? And what are the risks of indulging in lip service—some would call it claptrap—reflected in statements of the kind …
The Medical College Resolution.
Authors: G. C. Savage
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 12, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a communication from Dr. Happel, which recently appeared in theJournal, I learn that he was misled by a statement made by the Secretary of the Business Committee, when he reported on the medical college resolution. Dr. Bulkley had no authority to state that the Southern Medical College Association, through one of its members, had given assent to the resolution. I was the member referred to and certainly did not say anything that would justify the statement made by Dr. Bulkley. I did appear before a sub-committee of the Executive Committee, as did also Dr. Dudley Reynolds, a member of the Judicial Council of the American College Association. I stated to the committee that the Southern College Association would take final action at its next annual meeting, which would be held in Memphis in November next, on an amendment to the
Benign Mediastinal Teratoma
Authors: Lisa M Jones, David A Bradshaw
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 23-year-old male Marine recruit passed out while bending over after a 2.4-km (1.5-mile) run. Chest radiography showed a mass in the anterior mediastinum (Panel A, arrow). His medical history was notable only for the removal of a benign thyroid cyst at the age of 12 years. He reported no use of medications or tobacco and no drug allergies. The physical examination and initial laboratory studies were unremarkable except for prominent varicosities noted on his chest (Panel B). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass with fluid, fat, and calcific densities (Panel C, arrow) that . . .
Association analyses identify six new psoriasis susceptibility loci in the Chinese population
Authors: Liang-Dan Sun, Hui Cheng, Zai-Xing Wang, An-Ping Zhang, Pei-Guang Wang, Jin-Hua Xu, Qi-Xing Zhu, Hai-Sheng Zhou, Eva Ellinghaus, Fu-Ren Zhang, Xiong-Ming Pu, Xue-Qin Yang, Jian-Zhong Zhang, Ai-E Xu, Ri-Na Wu, Li-Min Xu, Lin Peng, Cynthia A Helms, Yun-Qing Ren, Chi Zhang, Shu-Mei Zhang, Rajan P Nair, Hong-Yan Wang, Guo-Shu Lin, Philip E Stuart, Xing Fan, Gang Chen, Trilokraj Tejasvi, Pan Li, Jun Zhu, Zhi-Ming Li, Hong-Mei Ge, Michael Weichenthal, Wen-Zheng Ye, Cheng Zhang, Song-Ke Shen, Bao-Qi Yang, Yuan-Yuan Sun, Shan-Shan Li, Yan Lin, Jian-Hua Jiang, Cun-Tao Li, Ri-Xin Chen, Juan Cheng, Xin Jiang, Peng Zhang, Wei-Min Song, Jin Tang, Hao-Qin Zhang, Li Sun, Jing Cui, Li-Jun Zhang, Biao Tang, Fei Huang, Qian Qin, Xiao-Ping Pei, Ai-Min Zhou, Li-Mei Shao, Jian-Lan Liu, Feng-Yu Zhang, Wei-Dong Du, Andre Franke, Anne M Bowcock, James T Elder, Jian-Jun Liu, Sen Yang, Xue-Jun Zhang
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Biochemical and immunological heterogeneity of the Ro ribonucleoprotein particles. Analysis with sera specific for the RohY5 particle.
Authors: G Boire, J Craft
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Anti-Ro autoantibodies found in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and related diseases precipitate four RNAs (hY1-hY5) from human cell extracts. We identified two patient sera that selectively immunoprecipitated from such extracts the Ro particle containing the hY5 RNA (RohY5 particle). Using cell fractions either enriched in or depleted of RohY5 particles, we have shown that these sera contain autoantibodies that target an antigenic determinant on the 60-kD Ro polypeptide that is expressed only on RohY5 particles and is absent on the Ro particles containing the hY1-hY4 RNAs (RohY1-hY4 particles). In a competitive inhibition assay using a cell fraction enriched in RohY1-hY4 particles but depleted of RohY5 particles, four of six control anti-Ro sera were also shown to contain antibodies reactive with the epitope specific for the RohY5 particle. Thus anti-RohY5 antibodies frequently occur in tandem with anti-Ro antibodies, but are not detected unless inhibition assays are performed. Finally, anti-RohY5 specific sera do not immunoprecipitate any Ro particles from various nonhuman cell lines. In contrast to other autoantibodies in systemic lupus and related diseases that bind conserved regions on conserved polypeptides, this observation suggests that a portion of the anti-Ro response targets a nonconserved epitope on a conserved autoantigen.