tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Paclitaxel-Eluting Biodegradable Synthetic Vascular Prostheses
Authors: Francesco Innocente, Delia Mandracchia, Erman Pektok, Benjamin Nottelet, Jean-Christophe Tille, Sarra de Valence, Giuseppe Faggian, Alessandro Mazzucco, Afksendiyos Kalangos, Robert Gurny, Michael Moeller, Beat H. Walpoth
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Clinical small-caliber vascular prostheses are unsatisfactory. Reasons for failure are early thrombosis and late intimal hyperplasia. We thus prepared biodegradable small-caliber vascular prostheses using electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) with slow-releasing paclitaxel (PTX), an antiproliferative drug.PCL solutions containing PTX were used to prepare nonwoven nanofibre-based 2-mm ID prostheses. Mechanical morphological properties and drug loading, distribution, and release were studied in vitro. Infrarenal abdominal aortic replacement was carried out with nondrug-loaded and drug-loaded prostheses in 18 rats and followed for 6 months. Patency, stenosis, tissue reaction, and drug effect on endothelialization, vascular remodeling, and neointima formation were studied in vivo. In vitro prostheses showed controlled morphology mimicking extracellular matrix with mechanical properties similar to those of native vessels. PTX-loaded grafts with suitable mechanical properties and controlled drug-release were obtained by factorial design. In vivo, both groups showed 100% patency, no stenosis, and no aneurysmal dilatation. Endothelial coverage and cell ingrowth were significantly reduced at 3 weeks and delayed at 12 and 24 weeks in PTX grafts, but as envisioned, neointima formation was significantly reduced in these grafts at 12 weeks and delayed at 6 months.Biodegradable, electrospun, nanofibre, polycaprolactone prostheses are promising because in vitro they maintain their mechanical properties (regardless of PTX loading), and in vivo show good patency, reendothelialize, and remodel with autologous cells. PTX loading delays endothelialization and cellular ingrowth. Conversely, it reduces neointima formation until the end point of our study and thus may be an interesting option for small caliber vascular grafts.
Conditioning regimens before transplantation in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: N. Mounier, C. Gisselbrecht
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)

Substantial progress has been made in understanding the role of autotransplantation in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. At present, the clinical indications for high-dose therapy include patients with relapsed or poor prognosis disease. Hematopoietic reconstitution with peripheral stem cells has rendered transplantation less toxic but the optimal preparative regimen remains to be found. It should combine a high antitumor activity with acceptable toxicity to normal tissues. The literature, on combinations of drugs with or without total body irradiation, was reviewed with regard to this objective. BEAM, CBV and ICE, the most common chemotherapy regimens can be considered safe as they cause low transplant-related morbidity. The combination of fractionated TBI and etoposide or cyclophosphamide was not found to be superior. However, it must be kept in mind that comparisons were made on registry data or retrospectively. In every case, relapse of the residual primary disease argue for the need for more effective strategies such as tandem transplantation or sequential high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. To obtain an objective evaluation, these new preparative regimens need to be tested in controlled trials with treatment groups stratified for known prognostic factors.
Major Girard, Surgeon U. S. Army, to Professor Senn.
Authors: A. C. Girard
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<h3>No. IV.</h3> BERNE—PROFESSOR KOCHER—DR. QUERVAIN. Berne, Switzerland. <h3>Dear Doctor Senn:</h3> —I have made here several visits to the " Inselspital," and from what I have seen so far, I expect to witness as high a perfection in surgery as may be seen anywhere. I have heretofore in my letters avoided invidious comparisons and personalities, and will here also remain true to my plan. The buildings of the Hospital are not ten years old yet, consist of a number of detached structures-the pavilion style—and are heated by a central steam plant and ventilated partly by aspiration, partly by propulsion. I may revert to the description later on. The clinic (surgical) is under the charge of Prof. Th. Kocher, whom I have heard you mention as the foremost surgeon of Europe. The surgical material is divided among three pavilions, two of them under Drs. Girard and Niehaus, noted surgeons, are not available for
EFFECT OF INTRABRONCHIAL INSUFFLATION OF ACID
Authors: M. C. Winternitz, G. H. Smith, F. P. McNamara
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1920)

Acid administered to rabbits by intrabronchial insufflation causes an immediate and extreme damage of the lung tissue. Within certain limits the degree and extent of the injury vary according to the concentration of the acid. With the greater concentrations death occurs promptly, almost immediately, and the lethal process has associated with it a decreased permeability of the pulmonary vessels. The latter fact has been confirmed by postmortem arterial injections. With weaker solutions the results, grossly and histologically, resemble those noted after influenzal pneumonia and gas poisoning. Thus, there is destruction of the epithelium of the bronchioles, the alveolar ducts, and the alveoli. The extent of the damage to the alveolar walls varies. Exudation occurs into the alveolar, interstitial, perivascular, and peribronchial tissues. Primarily this exudate is serous, but a rapid deposition of fibrin occurs, and later polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes accumulate. In different animals, or in different portions of the same lung, there may be consolidations of different types, serofibrinous, hemorrhagic, or purulent, with or without destruction of the alveolar walls. Subsequent changes relate to the organization of the exudate, necrosis, proliferation of the epithelium in the alveoli and bronchi, and, finally, to the regeneration of the pulmonary parenchyma. Experiments now in progress indicate that similar changes can be induced by various acids, both inorganic and organic. Experiments also show that similar changes are produced in other species of animals but that species differ in their resistance according to the acid and the concentration in which it is employed.
Prognostic factors in tuberculosis related mortalities in hospitalized patients
Authors: Ashok Kumar, Ghazal Haq, Fatima Saifuddin, Shaista Ghazal, Nadeem Rizvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction 

Despite effective treatment regimens available, Tuberculosis (TB) stands among one of the leading causes of death in Pakistan.

Objectives 

To evaluate the factors concerned with in-hospital deaths in patients admitted with Tuberculosis at a tertiary care centre.

Methods 

A retrospective case-control study was undertaken at the Pulmonology department of the largest state-run tertiary care centre in Karachi, Pakistan. For patients hospitalised with TB, sixty of those who were discharged were compared with sixty of those who could not survive during hospitalisation. Radiological findings, clinical indicators and laboratory values were matched between the two groups to locate poor prognostic factors.

Results 

Factors concerned with in-hospital mortality listed female sex ( p<0.01 ), late sequels of disease ( p<0.01 ), not taking anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT, p<0.01 ), smoking ( p<0.01 ), longer duration of illness ( p<0.01 ), and low haemoglobin levels ( p<0.02 ). Extrapulmonary TB, dissemination of disease, bilateral radiological findings, co-morbidities and multi drug-resistance were not implicated in higher mortality. Most deaths occurred during the first week of admission indicating late referrals and late presentation as an important factor related to in-hospital fatalities.

Conclusions 

Poor prognosis in TB patients was associated with non-compliance to therapy, anaemic states, late presentation of disease, and development of complications. Patients not taking ATT and hence having longer duration of illness showed higher mortality and so a more radical and effective treatment regimen is required to eliminate TB early on during the onset of disease.
Multiple Sclerosis and House Pets
Authors: John M. Adams
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> To clear the air regarding multiple sclerosis and exposure to house pets (238:854, 1977), it should be pointed out that distemper in dogs is comparable to measles in human beings.<sup>1</sup>The two viruses cause similar clinical illnesses in their respective hosts. Distemper and measles are related immunologically and pathologically. Pathologic changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) such as peri-vascular infiltration with lymphocytes and plasma cells and demyelination are similar to those seen in old dog encephalitis.<sup>2,3</sup>Patients with multiple sclerosis have elevated levels of measles antibodies in their serum and cerebrospinal fluid.<sup>4</sup>Optic neuritis in dogs with chronic distemper shows changes such as pallor of the discs similar to the findings in human patients with severe demyelinating disease such as MS. There is no firm evidence that human beings get distemper or measles from dogs. Likewise, dogs do not get measles from humans or from
Failure to Report Financial Disclosure Information
Authors: James C. Turner
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relatives of Crohn's disease patients and breast cancer: An overlooked condition
Authors: Gianluca Pellino, Guido Sciaudone, Marta Patturelli, Giuseppe Candilio, G. Serena De Fatico, Isabella Landino, Angela Facchiano, Alessia Vastarella, Silvestro Canonico, Gabriele Riegler, Francesco Selvaggi
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)
A STUDY OF DELIRIUM
Authors: Lloyd H. Ziegler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1926)

(1) Delirium occurred somewhat more frequently among patients in a psychopathic hospital than among normal people of the same age; the difference, however, is slight and suggests that delirium is a very distinct entity, probably different from the usual diseases seen in a psychopathic hospital. In this study no proof was obtained regarding the relationship between the economic and social dependency and the incidence of delirium. (2) Despite the psychopathological phenomena observed in aviators who fly above their ceiling, normal people living an average of 31 years at Leadville, Colorado (altitude 10,200 feet), gave histories of less delirium than normal individuals having always lived at sea level. It has been thought that delirium as a complication in infectious disease at high altitudes is more fatal than at low altitudes, but this is not proved. (3) The outstanding characteristics of the deliriums studied are: Push of irrational talk, vocal and general motor restlessness, visual hallucinations (rather than auditory) of moving objects, animals or people, peculiar feelings, unreality feelings, delusions that are transitory and annoying, blind groping, sleepiness, defective perception, and distorted awareness of environment. (4) The most common diseases associated with the group of deliriums studied are typhoid fever, pneumonia, and influenza. There is no evidence from this study that there are deliriums peculiar to these diseases. (5) The character of delirium, whatever its exciting cause, is largely determined by the personality of the individual, and as such, shows a great variety of reactions. For assistance in this study the writer is indebted to the Social Service Department of the Colorado Psychopathic Hospital, especially to Miss Lena Pecover, and to Surgeon Lawrence Kolb, of the United States Public Health Service.
Dissecting the regulatory architecture of gene expression QTLs
Authors: Daniel J Gaffney, Jean-Baptiste Veyrieras, Jacob F Degner, Roger Pique-Regi, Athma A Pai, Gregory E Crawford, Matthew Stephens, Yoav Gilad, Jonathan K Pritchard
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are likely to play an important role in the genetics of complex traits; however, their functional basis remains poorly understood. Using the HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines, we combine 1000 Genomes genotypes and an extensive catalogue of human functional elements to investigate the biological mechanisms that eQTLs perturb.We use a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the enrichment of eQTLs in a wide variety of regulatory annotations. We find that approximately 40% of eQTLs occur in open chromatin, and that they are particularly enriched in transcription factor binding sites, suggesting that many directly impact protein-DNA interactions. Analysis of core promoter regions shows that eQTLs also frequently disrupt some known core promoter motifs but, surprisingly, are not enriched in other well-known motifs such as the TATA box. We also show that information from regulatory annotations alone, when weighted by the hierarchical model, can provide a meaningful ranking of the SNPs that are most likely to drive gene expression variation.Our study demonstrates how regulatory annotation and the association signal derived from eQTL-mapping can be combined into a single framework. We used this approach to further our understanding of the biology that drives human gene expression variation, and of the putatively causal SNPs that underlie it.
What lessons have been learnt from animal models of MRSA in the lung?
Authors: P. Martinez-Olondris, M. Rigol, A. Torres
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is one of the most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic options for patients with methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) infection are limited. In addition, little is known about the <i>S. aureus</i> virulence factors that may influence the presentation and prognosis of severe lower respiratory tract infections. Animal models of severe pneumonia allow investigators to control and exclude potential confounders and to examine the influence of comorbid conditions. Therefore, these models may improve our knowledge of the intimate pathophysiological mechanisms affecting pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of therapy. So far, animal research studies on MRSA and vancomycin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>, performed both in small and large animal models, have improved knowledge of the mechanisms of disease, which may lead to a better treatment for this severe and complex infection in humans.
Factors contributing to altered left ventricular diastolic properties during angina pectoris.
Authors: T Mann, S Goldberg, G H Mudge, W Grossman
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Mechanisms involved in the altered left ventricular (LV) diastolic properties during angina were studied in 26 patients with coronary artery disease. Angina was induced by rapid atrial pacing and measurements were made at rest and during angina in the immediate post-pacing period. No changes occurred in heart rate (71 +/- 3 to 73 +/- 3 beats/min, NS) or right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic pressure (10 +/- 1 to 11 +/- 1 mm Hg, NS), while significant increases occurred in LV end-diastolic pressure (17 +/- 1 to 30 +/- 1 mm Hg, p less than 0.01), aortic diastolic pressure (74 +/- 3 to 80 +/- 3 mm Hg, p less than 0.01), coronary sinus blood flow (133 +/- 15 to 212 +/- 32 ml/min, p less than 0.01), and the time constant (T) of LV pressure fall in early diastole (43 +/- 2 to 58 +/- 4 msec, p less than 0.01). Despite the rise in arterial pressure, a significant fall was observed in peak negative dP/dt (1961 +/- 106 to 1751 +/- 80 mm Hg/sec, p less than 0.01). Changes in RV end-diastolic pressure do not explain the increased LV end-diastolic pressure during angina. Increased aortic pressure and coronary blood flow may contribute, but the simultaneous fall in peak negative dP/dt and rise in T suggest that impaired ventricular relaxation is an important factor contributing to the previously demonstrated alteration in LV diastolic properties during angina pectoris.
Reviews and Notes: Surgery: Surgical Management of Cerebrovascular Disease. RE Zierler; ed. 514 pages. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994. $80.00. ISBN 007072792-9. Order phone 800-262-4729
Authors: Clark Millikan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 January 1996Reviews and Notes: Surgery: Surgical Management of Cerebrovascular Disease. RE Zierler; ed. 514 pages. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994. $80.00. ISBN 007072792-9. Order phone 800-262-4729Clark Millikan, MDClark Millikan, MDMedical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This book is by 24 surgeons, 5 neurologists, 1 internist, 1 radiologist, and 1 pathologist. A more appropriate title would be Surgical Management of Extracranial Cerebrovascular Disease, because more than 450 of the well-written and illustrated pages deal with the cervical portion of the cerebral circulation. For example, the basilar artery is not indexed, the vertebral artery is given 14 lines, the vertebrobasilar system is given 24 lines, and the carotid artery is given 127 lines of indexing. Slightly more than half a page is devoted to intracranial berry aneurysms and multi-infarction dementia.This book is a must for vascular ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 80KeywordsAngiographyBrainCarotid endarterectomyCerebrovascular diseasesComputed axial tomographyElectroencephalographySurgeonsSurgeryTransient ischemic attacksVascular surgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 4395: SEA technology: A novel strategy for enhancing antibody effector function
Authors: Stephen C. Alley, Django R. Sussman, Scott C. Jeffrey, Lindsay Torrey, Patrick J. Burke, Jocelyn Setter, Brian Gfeller, Kerry Klussman, Nicole M. Okeley, Peter D. Senter, Dennis R. Benjamin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The activity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be enhanced by a number of chemical and genetic strategies. We describe a novel strategy, Sugar Engineered Antibody (SEA) technology, for enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) through modification of the mAb carbohydrate. A series of small molecule fucose analogs were added to mAb-expressing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, with the resulting mAbs showing a significant reduction in their carbohydrate fucosylation. We demonstrate that these mAbs show markedly increased ADCC activity and improved CD16 binding. The fucose analogs inhibit GDP-mannose dehydratase (GMD), the first enzyme in de novo synthesis of GDP-fucose, and lead to global depletion of intracellular GDP-fucose. We also demonstrate that this strategy yields mAbs with significantly reduced fucosylation in large scale CHO cell culture and is broadly active across a variety of mAbs and expression systems. Since genetic modification of the mAb-producing cell line is not required, SEA technology can be readily applied from the mAb screening to manufacturing stage to generate effector function enhanced therapeutic antibodies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4395.
Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Peter J. Greco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 January 1991Screening for Colorectal CancerPeter J. Greco, MDPeter J. Greco, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-2-166 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:In his excellent review of colorectal cancer screening strategies, Dr. Eddy (1) acknowledges that the current uncertainty makes uniform recommendations impossible. However, he suggests as ''explicit guidelines" that average-risk persons over 50 years old receive annual fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and sigmoidoscopy every 3 to 5 years and that high-risk persons receive a complete examination of the colon every 3 to 5 years (with barium enema). Using the data from his Figure 1, it is apparent that FOBT with barium enema every 5 years is bothlessexpensive andmoreeffective than FOBT with sigmoidoscopy every...Reference1. Eddy D. Screening for colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:373-84. LinkGoogle Scholar1. Eddy D. Screening for colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:373-84. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Bond J. Screening for colorectal cancer: need for controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:338-40. LinkGoogle Scholar1. Eddy D. Screening for colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:373-84. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Bond J. Screening for colorectal cancer: need for controlled trials. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:338-40. LinkGoogle Scholar1. Eddy D. Comparing benefits and harms: the balance sheet. JAMA. 1990;263:2493, 2498, 2501, 2505. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByOptions for Screening for Colorectal Cancer in the Royal Air Force: A Cost-effectiveness Evaluation 15 January 1991Volume 114, Issue 2Page: 166-167KeywordsCancer screeningColonColorectal cancerColorectal cancer screeningHematologic tests Issue Published: 15 January 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...