tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frequency and clinical significance of antibodies to ribonucleoprotein in SLE and other connective tissue disease subgroups.
Authors: D M Grennan, C Bunn, G R Hughes, W W Buchanan, W C Dick
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

Antibodies to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) component of extractable nuclear antigen were measured in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other connective tissue subgroups by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Antibodies to RNP were found in the sera of 32% of patients with a primary diagnosis of SLE, 29% of patients with features of SLE and erosive joint disease, none of 9 scleroderma patients, and in 75% of 8 patients with features of SLE and scleroderma. In the SLE patients overall there was an increased frequency of sclerodactyly and severe Raynaud's phenomenon in the patients with antibodies to RNP but no association of antibodies to RNP was found with the presence of erosive joint disease, Sjögren's syndrome, or the absence of renal disease in these patients.
Individual performance data: revelation and revolution
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2005)

What information about your performance are you prepared to reveal? In the spirit of freedom of information I present my own performance data. Authors and voyeurs will be interested. In 2005 my average decision time for reading a submitted paper (from the moment it lands in my electronic queue to the moment I pass judgment) is 13.8 days. Of course, that doesn't mean I spend two weeks reading a research paper, I know I usually take anything between one and 30 minutes to reach a decision, depending on its complexity (apologies to authors who think we …
3-Dimensional reconstruction of balloon dilated coronary, renal, and femoropopliteal arteries from 2-D intravascular ultrasound images: Analysis of longitudinal sagittal versus cylindrical views
Authors: Kenneth Rosenfield, Michael Harding, Ann Pieczek, Jeffrey M. Isner, K. Ramaswamy, Douglas W. Losordo, John O. Pastore, Bernard D. Kosowaky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Darier's disease and retinitis pigmentosa; is there a pathogenetic relationship?
Authors: P. ITIN, S. A. BUCHNER, B. GLOOR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Two brothers with Darier's disease and concomitant retinitis pigmentosa are reported. To our knowledge, these are the first cases with this combination of symptoms described in the literature. The dermatological conditions occuring with retinitis pigmentosa are reviewed. A disturbance in retinoids or retinoid binding proteins as a possible cause of both diseases is discussed.
Myasthenic Reaction to Colistimethate
Authors: Gerald N. Gold
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> After reading the article by Parisi and Kaplan (<b>194</b>: 298,1965) describing apnea, muscle weakness, and ptosis in association with colistimethate therapy, we feel obligated to caution physicians that neuromuscular effects due to this drug may be quite common. We recently saw a patient who repeatedly developed episodes of ptosis and profound muscular weakness of the extremities in response to small doses (75 mg every 12 hours) of sodium colistimethate. Her renal function was normal, and the maximum blood level of the drug was 2μgm/ml. This value is within or below the recommended therapeutic range. Edrophonium, 10 mg, administered intravenously improved her extremity weakness, but had no effect on her facial weakness. Fortunately, toxicity due to the colistimethate was considered, and she became asymptomatic when the antibiotic was discontinued. It is conceivable that had this patient received the customary dose of the drug (300 mg), or had there
EMPHYSEMA OF THE HEAD AND NECK COMPLICATING TONSILLECTOMY
Authors: Frederick H. von Hofe
Journal: JAMA (1930)

A review of the literature gives one the impression that emphysema of the head and neck following tonsillectomy occurs infrequently. The youngest case found in the literature is that of a boy, aged 7, reported by Stein,<sup>1</sup>and the only other cases reported occurring in children are those of a boy, aged 10, and a girl, aged 12, described by Richards.<sup>2</sup> The following three cases occurred within a period of one year: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —J. F., a boy, aged 2 years, presented no abnormal conditions other than large infected tonsils and a moderate amount of adenoid tissue. He was a neurotic child and he screamed with fear when the anesthetic was administered. Following the removal of the right tonsil, considerable swelling of the right side of his face and scalp was noticed. Crepitation was present throughout this swollen area, and crepitation was readily elicited in the neck and
GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCERS.WHEN DO THEY REQUIRE SURGICAL TREATMENT AND WHAT PROCEDURES ARE NECESSARY?
Authors: W. L. RODMAN
Journal: JAMA (1906)

We may say that surgical opinion has crystallized on some phases of ulcer, is crystallizing upon others and in some phases is still chaotic. The treatment of such complications as perforation and subphrenic abscess admits of no discussion whatsoever and may definitely be put to one side. Both must be met by prompt operative procedure, and it is not a question of whether to operate, but how. So far as hemorrhage is concerned there is honest room for doubt, and the variety of ulcer, its acuteness or chronicity, the amount of the hemorrhage, its recurring nature and the size of the vessel involved must be considered before a conclusion can finally and rightly be made. There is a greater difference of opinion between internists and surgeons as to the treatment of non-perforating, non-hemorrhagic ulcers with disabling adhesions and other gastric disturbances, purely mechanical in nature, following in their wake. <h3>PERFORATION.</h3>
Deletion of the dominant autoantigen in NZB mice with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: effects on autoantibody and T-helper responses
Authors: Andrew M. Hall, Frank J. Ward, Chia-Rui Shen, Cliff Rowe, Laura Bowie, Anne Devine, Stanislaw J. Urbaniak, Christopher J. Elson, Robert N. Barker
Journal: Blood (2007)

The mechanisms underlying apparently spontaneous autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in New Zealand Black (NZB) mice, are unknown. Here, we determine the contribution of the dominant red blood cell (RBC) autoantigen, the anion exchanger protein Band 3, to the development of NZB autoimmune responses. The approach was to prevent Band 3 expression in NZB mice by disrupting the AE1 gene. AE1(-/-) NZB mice produced RBC autoantibodies at the same levels as the wild-type strain, but they differed in recognizing antigens that correspond to glycophorins, rather than Band 3. Splenic T-helper (Th) cells from wild-type NZB mice proliferated strongly against multiple Band 3 peptides, particularly the dominant epitope within aa861-874. This helper response was severely attenuated in AE1(-/-) animals, leaving only weak proliferation to peptide aa861-874. The results demonstrate that the defect in self-tolerance in NZB AIHA is directed to the RBC type, and is not specific for, or dependent on, Band 3. However, the predisposition to RBC autoimmunity may be focused onto Band 3 by weak Th cell cross-reactivity between the helper dominant epitope and an exogenous antigen. The redundancy of the major autoantigen illustrates the requirement for specific therapy to induce dominant forms of tolerance, such as T-cell regulation.
Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccine
Authors: GREG SIMON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1986Efficacy of Pneumococcal VaccineGREG SIMON, M.D.GREG SIMON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-1-147 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In your January issue, Bolan and coworkers (1) argue for the efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine, continuing work first reported 4 years ago (2). They describe current difficulties in mounting a prospective randomized trial and present an analysis of available data on serotype prevalence in vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. Their report does not include the full description of methods found in the original paper (2).Briefly restated, those methods state that in a vaccinated population (sizeN1), let a equal cases of pneumococcal disease caused by serotypes included in the vaccine, and letbequal cases due to...References1. BOLANBROOMEFACKLAMPLIKAYTISFRASERSCHLECH GCRBDW. Pneumococcal vaccine efficacy in selected populations in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:1-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BROOMEFACKLAMFRASER CRD. Pneumococcal disease after pneumococcal vaccination. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:549-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BENTLEYHAMAMOT DKK. Pneumococcal vaccine in the institutionalized elderly: design of a nonrandomized trial and preliminary results. Rev Infect Dis. 1981;3(suppl):S71-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. BOLANBROOMEFACKLAMPLIKAYTISFRASERSCHLECH GCRBDW. Pneumococcal vaccine efficacy in selective populations in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:1-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BENTLEYHAMAMOT DKK. Pneumococcal vaccine in the institutionalized elderly: design of a nonrandomized trial and preliminary results. Rev Infect Dis. 1981;3(suppl):S71-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LUNDHENRICHSEN EJ. Laboratory diagnosis, serology and epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae. In: Bergan T, Norris JR, eds. Methods in Microbiology, vol. 12. New York: Academic Press, Inc.; 1978:241-62. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1986Volume 105, Issue 1Page: 147-148KeywordsPopulation densityPopulation statisticsRandomized trialsVaccines Issue Published: 1 July 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Aurora Kinase-A Inactivates DNA Damage-Induced Apoptosis and Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Response Functions of p73
Authors: Hiroshi Katayama, Jin Wang, Warapen Treekitkarnmongkol, Hidehiko Kawai, Kaori Sasai, Hui Zhang, Hua Wang, Henry P. Adams, Shoulei Jiang, Sandip N. Chakraborty, Fumio Suzuki, Ralph B. Arlinghaus, Jinsong Liu, James A. Mobley, William E. Grizzle, Huamin Wang, Subrata Sen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Serological diagnosis of infection with human herpesvirus type 6.
Authors: W L Irving, A L Cunningham
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To identify clinical consequences of acute human herpesvirus type 6 infection by hypothesising that the virus will induce similar clinical syndromes to cytomegalovirus. DESIGN--Examination of consecutive serum samples from patients with illnesses compatible with acute cytomegalovirus infection or exanthem subitum by indirect immunofluorescence for the presence of antibodies to human herpesvirus type 6. An IgG absorption step was included to avoid false positive and negative results for IgM. The criterion standard for diagnosis of human herpesvirus type 6 infection was the presence of IgM human herpesvirus type 6 antibody (titre greater than 20) and a rising titre of IgG human herpesvirus type 6 antibody without serological evidence of alternative infection. SETTING--Routine viral diagnostic and reference laboratory in the largest teaching hospital in Sydney. PATIENTS--341 Consecutive serum samples were analysed from patients with hepatitis (147 samples); infectious mononucleosis-like illness (106); screens for toxoplasma, other viruses, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpesvirus (38); fever in an immunocompromised patient (eight); unusual neurological (nine) or haematological syndromes (14); splenomegaly (six); and rash in a child (13). RESULTS--Three cases of acute human herpesvirus type 6 infection were identified: in one patient aged 65 with a previous diagnosis of acute non-A non-B hepatitis, one aged 25 with a glandular fever-like illness, and one aged 6 with a glandular fever-like illness. All three illnesses resolved completely. 15 Further serum samples were positive for human herpesvirus type 6 antibody but were also diagnostic for acute infection with other viruses (cytomegalovirus (nine), Epstein-Barr virus (three), and HIV (one] or had a titre of IgM human herpesvirus type 6 antibody less than 20 (two). CONCLUSIONS--Acute human herpesvirus type 6 infection in immunocompetent patients may result in a mononucleosis-like illness or an acute but self limiting hepatitis.
Characteristics of California Children With Single Versus Multiple Diabetic Ketoacidosis Hospitalizations (1998–2000)
Authors: Arlene Smaldone, Judy Honig, Patricia W. Stone, Raymond Arons, Katie Weinger
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a frequent reason for hospital admission of children with newly diagnosed diabetes (1,2) and the most frequent cause for rehospitalization of children with poorly controlled diabetes (3). DKA is an ambulatory care-sensitive condition for which timely and appropriate outpatient intervention may reduce the need for hospitalization (4,5). We examined DKA hospitalizations for children 0–18 years using 1998–2000 California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (COSHPD) hospital discharge data to determine resource use and prevalence of DKA hospitalization for hospitalized pediatric patients. Using ICD-9 codes, we identified 4,957 DKA hospitalizations.

Pediatric DKA accounted for 14,279 hospital days (median length of stay 2 days; mean 2.9 ± 2.3 days). Hospital charges were reported for 83.6% of hospitalizations. Median charges per hospitalization were $8,440 (mean 11,615 ± $15,537), with …
Inhibition of the in vitro renin reaction by circulating neutral lipids.
Authors: T A Kotchen, R T Talwalkar, W J Welch
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

We have previously reported that the addition of plasma from normotensive human subjects to renin-renin substrate inhibits the in vitro rate of angiotensin generation. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a renin-inhibiting factor could be identified in human plasma. Neutral lipids and phospholipids were extracted from plasma of seven normotensive control subjects. During 30-, 60-, and 180-minute incubations, neutral lipids inhibited the reaction between human renin and homologous renin substrate (P less than 0.01). Phospholipids did not affect the rate of angiotensin generation (P less than 0.05). The neutral lipid extract was further separated on silica gel chromatographic plates, and several fractions inhibited renin (P less than 0.01) Addition of each of six synthetic neutral lipids to renin-renin substrate did not affect the rate of angiotensin generation. In conclusion, several neutral lipid fractions extracted from human plasma inhibit the in vitro renin reaction.
Block's philosophical anosognosia
Authors: G. Rey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Block's P-/A-consciousness distinction rules out P's involving a specific kind of cognitive access and commits him to a “strong” Pconsciousness. This not only confounds plausible research in the area but betrays an anosognosia about Wittgenstein's diagnosis about our philosophical “introspection” of mysterious inner processes.
A Layman Looks at Truth Telling in Medicine
Authors: Norman Cousins
Journal: JAMA (1980)

TRUTH telling to patients is often debated as though the only issue is whether physicians are obligated to tell what they know. Far more consequential are these issues: Does the physician always know the truth? Are there instances in which what was believed to be true—even by renowned authorities—turned out to be a fraction of the truth or no truth at all? Are such cases so infrequent to be of no consequence? Is there an art to truth telling, as there is to everything else? What is the effect of truth on the patient? To what extent can total candor undermine the physician's effectiveness in dealing with the ravages of disease? How does unvarnished disclosure affect the quality of life—and therefore quality of dying? Is the fear of malpractice suits causing some physicians to be explicit to the point of overkill? These questions are not merely rhetorical exercises. They affect
Jejunal Morphological Characteristics in South Vietnamese Residents
Authors: Edward J. Colwell
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Measurements of villus dimensions were made on jejunal mucosal biopsy specimens from 16 Vietnamese residents of the Mekong River delta of the Republic of Vietnam and from 13 North Americans who were asymptomatic and had no history of previous tropical exposure. There were marked differences between the two populations with respect to villus dimensions and histological characteristics of jejunal mucosa. Differences between the arithmetic means of all dimensions in the two groups were statistically highly significant.
Psychology and Gynaecological Problems
Authors: Jane E. Hodgson
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Because of its association with reproduction and sexuality, an aura of religious mysticism has always surrounded the specialty of obstetrics and gynecology, making it a favorite subject of psychologists when discussing behavioral medicine. This book is another effort to emphasize the link between gynecological disease and the psychology of women. Superstitions and fears of disturbing a pregnant uterus, of performing vaginal examinations on a virginal patient, or of exploring the mysteries of sexual dysfunction have interfered with basic research in this particular specialty until the past decade or two. Many common gynecologic disorders previously labeled as psychogenic in origin are now being explained on a somatic basis. The weakness of this book lies in the fact that the authors seem to ignore many of the new technologies developed in the past decade. Important and relevant subjects omitted in this text include in vitro fertilization, embryo transplants, surrogate motherhood, hyperprolactinemia, the
The Risk of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ('Mad Cow Disease') to Human Health
Authors: Paul Brown
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Some human cases of the transmissible neurodegenerative disorder Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease recently seen in Great Britain are thought to have resulted from eating beef infected with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Reasons for and against this presumption are explained, and the question of a similar situation occurring in countries other than Britain—in particular, the United States—is discussed in terms of the existence of scrapie (in sheep) or unrecognized bovine spongiform encephalopathy (in cattle), the practice of recycling nonedible sheep and cattle tissue for animal nutrition, and precautionary measures already taken or under consideration by government agencies.
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF ABDOMINAL PAIN
Authors: M. POTTENGER
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Pain is a necessary part of the animal's mechanism of defense. Exaggeration of a sensory stimulus, whether it is transmitted centrad over cranial or spinal afferent nerves from the skeletal structures or over the afferent systems that accompany the sympathetics and parasympathetics to the internal viscera, may lead to discomfort or pain. Pain is the automatic danger signal that tells the individual to beware, for the normal mechanism is irritated in an abnormal manner, or even its integrity may be threatened. In considering pain, it is necessary for the clinician to remember that the perception of painful stimuli is bound up with the patient's physiologic stability and that the complaint of sensory changes will differ greatly in different individuals. What may be a painful stimulus to one person may not be to another. <h3>THE VISCERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM</h3> The sympathetic or thoracicolumbar and the parasympathetic or craniosacral components that make up
Treatment of Chronic Gastric Ulcer with Carbenoxolone and Gefarnate: A Comparative Trial
Authors: M. J. S. Langman, D. R. Knapp, E. J. Wakley
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In 68 patients with chronic gastric ulcer treated in an outpatient clinical trial with either carbenoxolone or gefarnate ulcer healing was consistently greater during carbenoxolone treatment, even though the dose of gefarnate was ultimately increased to four times that recommended. One-third of the patients receiving carbenoxolone gained weight rapidly and unexpectedly, and were given diuretic treatment, compared with two of the 35 patients receiving gefarnate, neither of whom developed clinical oedema.
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (surgical technique, early and late results).
Authors: G Di Eusanio, F A Sandrasagra, R J Donnelly, D I Hamilton
Journal: Thorax (1978)

Between March 1970 and October 1977, 36 patients underwent correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. The ages ranged from 5 days to 16 years; 27 (75%) were under 1 year and 19 were under 3 months of age at the time of surgery. The overall mortality was 33%. Supracardiac connection was the commonest type and was associated with the lowest hospital mortality (30%). The highest mortality occurred in the mixed and infracardiac types and was related in part to the presence of associated intracardiac anomalies. The use of hypothermia and circulatory arrest in infancy has resulted in a considerably lower hospital mortality compared with cases operated on under conventional cardiopulmonary bypass. The mortality in 23 infants (under 1 year of age) was 26% using circulatory arrest and was lowest when correction was performed within the first three months of life (18%). All four infants operated on with standard cardiopulmonary bypass died, whereas this technique was found to be safe in older children. The surgical technique using a left anterolateral thoractomy with a trans-sternal extension is described. This technique gives an excellent exposure for fashioning a long anastomosis and has been associated with a low incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. There have been no late deaths and all survivors, who are in excellent condition up to seven years after correction, have a normal exercise tolerance.
Where do sexually transmitted diseases occur?
Authors: R S Morton
Journal: BMJ (1985)

filtration causing functional renal impairment.Secondly, as the patient was also taking a diuretic this made renal impairment more likely.2Thirdly, pre-existing renal failure was present.It seems surprising that enalapril was given to a patient with known bilateral renal artery stenosis as the deterioration in renal function which occurred was predictable and, indeed, is well recognised.
Skin-homing and systemic T-cell subsets show higher activation in atopic dermatitis versus psoriasis
Authors: Tali Czarnowicki, Dana Malajian, Avner Shemer, Judilyn Fuentes-Duculan, Juana Gonzalez, Mayte Suárez-Fariñas, James G. Krueger, Emma Guttman-Yassky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Cellulitis Recurrence Score: A tool for predicting recurrence of lower limb cellulitis
Authors: Evelyn Yuxin Tay, Stephanie Fook-Chong, Choon Chiat Oh, Thamotharampillai Thirumoorthy, Shiu Ming Pang, Haur Yueh Lee
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Denmark takes a lead on research ethics
Authors: S. Goldbeck-Wood
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Danish medical researchers will soon have to observe tough new regulations to gain ethics committee approval for their research, according to a decision taken by the Danish national research ethics committee.

The measure, agreed by the committee last November and to be implemented shortly, requires applicants for ethical approval to show that they have carried out a full systematic review of the relevant scientific literature before the study will be approved. They must also continue …