tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Leg Cramps and Vitamin E
Authors: Samuel Ayres
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To The Editor.—</h3> Our series of 26 cases suffering from nocturnal leg cramps included the "restless legs syndrome" and rectal cramps, with satisfactory relief in all cases by the use of D-alpha tocopheryl acetate in doses averaging 300 to 400, and occasionally 800, international units daily. Since then we have recently submitted for publication a progress report documenting 76 cases with equally good results. This series includes six patients with "restless legs," three with nocturnal rectal cramps, and one young athlete training for the Olympics who had severe cramps following strenuous exercise including long distance running, swimming, and weight lifting. All of these patterns received prompt and gratifying relief from the oral administration of vitamin E (D-alpha tocopheryl acetate).
Cadaver Kidneys — More Time in the Cold
Authors: John A. Mannick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

When cadaver kidneys are donated for transplantation some means of short-term preservation of these organs is almost invariably necessary to permit their transportation to other hospitals where suitable recipients are waiting or, if the donor and recipient are in the same hospital, to allow time for the recipient to be prepared for transplant surgery. In several areas of the world, including sections of the United States, large numbers of potential kidney recipients are considered as a pool for purposes of cadaver-organ procurement, thus assuring that each cadaver kidney that becomes available will be used by an appropriate recipient. Matching of . . .
Thoracic Operations for Pulmonary Nodules Are Frequently Not Futile in Patients with Benign Disease
Authors: Eric L. Grogan, Jodi J. Weinstein, Stephen A. Deppen, Joe B. Putnam, Jonathan C. Nesbitt, Eric S. Lambright, Ronald C. Walker, Robert S. Dittus, Pierre P. Massion
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Peripheral Vascular Symptoms as the Initial Manifestation of Polycythemia Vera
Authors: Edward A. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Peripheral vascular complaints first raised the question of polycythemia vera in 16 of 26 patients with this disease. Manifestations suggestive of polycythemia vera included red or cyanotic fingers or toes with or without burning pain, notably when pulses were palpable; occasional erythromelalgia; thrombophlebitis without other known cause; and the occurrence of coronary or cerebral ischemia at an early age. In six of the 16 patients, elevated platelet counts were found in the presence of normal venous hematocrit readings. Three of these patients had significant leukocytosis. In these patients, and in the others without organic arterial lesions, lowering of the hematocrit reading or platelet count or both proved beneficial and usually curative. Severe secondary polycythemia may at times produce symptoms similar to those of polycythemia vera. Surgeons and dermatologists have special opportunities to identify polycythemia vera among their patients.
Rituximab and FAB/LMB 96 chemotherapy in children with Stage III/IV B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a Children’s Oncology Group report
Authors: S Goldman, L Smith, J R Anderson, S Perkins, L Harrison, M B Geyer, T G Gross, H Weinstein, S Bergeron, B Shiramizu, W Sanger, M Barth, J Zhi, M S Cairo
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
An Open Letter.
Authors: M. Gerstein
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Read before the Boston Medical Society, March 15, 1898, by R. K. Noyes, M.D., and unanimously approved and adopted by the Society, and recommended for publication. To the Trustees, the Superintendents, the Staffs, and the Medical Officers of the Hospitals and Dispensaries of Boston. <h3>Dear sirs and gentlemen:</h3> —The members of the Boston Medical Society feel constrained to present for your respectful consideration certain facts and conditions, which seem to have an intimate relation to the construction and to the solution of the problem which is known as the " abuse of medical charity." It is hardly necessary to say that the problem in question, which, at the present time, so frequently comes to the attention of the medical profession in all large centers of population, has, on the one hand, features which are perplexing as well as delicate, and, on the other hand, features which are nevertheless exasperating and
Comparative Analyses Reveal a Complex History of Molecular Evolution for Human MYH16
Authors: George H. Perry, Brian C. Verrelli, Anne C. Stone
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

We describe the pattern of molecular evolution at a sarcomeric myosin gene, MYH16, using more than 30,000 bp of exon and intron sequence data from the chimpanzee and human genome sequencing projects to evaluate the timing and consequences of a human lineage–specific frameshift deletion. We estimate the age of the deletion at approximately 5.3 MYA. This estimate is consistent with the time of human and chimpanzee divergence and is significantly older than the first appearance of the genus Homo in the fossil record. We also find conflicting estimates of nonsynonymous fixation rates (dN) across different regions of this gene, revealing a complex pattern inconsistent with a simple model of pseudogene evolution for human MYH16.
TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: J. A. MYERS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The number of authentic cases reported in the literature of tuberculosis in the new-born infant is so small as to make one feel that infection of the fetus is so rare as to be of little significance in the tuberculosis campaign. There is no confirmed evidence of a tuberculous father, either among animals or in man, having transmitted tuberculosis to the fetus. We do know that a tuberculous mother who develops tuberculosis of the placenta may transmit the disease to the fetus. Calmette is of the opinion that acute febrile diseases from which the expectant mother suffers may be capable of breaking down the barrier effect of an otherwise normal placenta. If this proves to be true in the human family, it is possible that a greater number of children are infected before birth than we had ever suspected. In any event this subject should be further investigated.  In the
Objectives of a Medical Education in Our Decade
Authors: Dickinson W. Richards
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THIS TALK will be concerned wholly with objectives of medical education, not at all with methods. All we have to do today is to declare what we want and not worry about how it can be provided. The latter can conveniently be left to our hard-pressed deans, associate deans, professors, and committees on education. It is, of course, presumptuous for anyone not in the executive branch, and especially for one officially retired even from medical teaching, to try to reach conclusions in this difficult field. I do not expect, or even hope, that you will agree with my conclusions. I do hope that you will approve the purpose—the attempt to look toward the future, to make an evaluation, and to offer some constructive ideas. I shall begin with a bold premise: that the American medical school is, or at least should be, one of the primary forces in our
Decreased Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Regression of Hypertrophy After Nonsurgical Septal Reduction Therapy for Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sherif F. Nagueh, Sonny J. Stetson, Nasser M. Lakkis, Donna Killip, Alex Perez-Verdia, Mark L. Entman, William H. Spencer, Guillermo Torre-Amione
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Nonsurgical septal reduction therapy (NSRT) is a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Although the clinical benefits of this technique appear to be clear, the structural and functional changes that lead to improvements in cardiac function are not completely defined. In these studies, we sought to define the effect of NSRT on myocardial function as well as various markers of hypertrophy including the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, a cytokine capable of producing fibrosis, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results —We performed endomyocardial biopsies of the RV side of the septum and echocardiograms on 15 HOCM patients at baseline and after successful NSRT. Comparative analysis on paired myocardial samples were performed to determine the effects of NSRT on LVH, end-diastolic volume and chamber stiffness, myocyte size, collagen content, and TNF-α levels. At baseline, myocardial TNF-α levels were increased in all patients. After NSRT, myocyte size, collagen content, and TNF-α were significantly decreased. These changes were accompanied by an increase in left ventricular volumes and a reduction in LVH and chamber stiffness. Conclusions —We suggest that pressure overload in HOCM patients contributes to the development of hypertrophy. These data provide the initial experimental evidence to suggest that TNF-α may play a pathogenetic role in the hypertrophy of pressure overload.
Biomonitoring of Perfluorinated Compounds in Children and Adults Exposed to Perfluorooctanoate-Contaminated Drinking Water
Authors: Jürgen Hölzer, Oliver Midasch, Knut Rauchfuss, Martin Kraft, Rolf Reupert, Jürgen Angerer, Peter Kleeschulte, Nina Marschall, Michael Wilhelm
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Objective40,000 residents in Arnsberg, Germany, had been exposed to drinking water contaminated with perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). Internal exposure of the residents of Arnsberg to six PFCs was assessed in comparison with reference areas.Design and participantsOne hundred seventy children (5–6 years of age), 317 mothers (23–49 years), and 204 men (18–69 years) took part in the cross-sectional study.MeasurementsIndividual consumption of drinking water and personal characteristics were assessed by questionnaire and interview. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanoate, perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluoropentanoate, and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) in blood plasma and PFOA/PFOS in drinking water samples were measured by solid-phase extraction, high-performance liquid chromatrography, and tandem mass spectrometry detection.ResultsOf the various PFCs, PFOA was the main compound found in drinking water (500–640 ng/L). PFOA levels in blood plasma of residents living in Arnsberg were 4.5–8.3 times higher than those for the reference population (arithmetic means Arnsberg/controls: children 24.6/5.2 μg/L, mothers 26.7/3.2 μg/L, men 28.5/6.4 μg/L). Consumption of tap water at home was a significant predictor of PFOA blood concentrations in Arnsberg. PFHxS concentrations were significantly increased in Arnsberg compared with controls (p < 0.05). PFBS was detected in 33% of the children, 4% of the women, and 13% of the men in Arnsberg compared with 5%, 0.7%, and 3%, respectively, in the reference areas (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that age and male sex were significant predictors of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS; associations of other regressors (diet, body mass index) varied among PFCs.ConclusionsPFC concentrations in blood plasma of children and adults exposed to PFC-contaminated drinking water were increased 4- to 8-fold compared with controls.
Sindbis Viral Vectors Transiently Deliver Tumor-associated Antigens to Lymph Nodes and Elicit Diversified Antitumor CD8+ T-cell Immunity
Authors: Tomer Granot, Yoshihide Yamanashi, Daniel Meruelo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Tumors are theoretically capable of eliciting an antitumor immune response, but are often poorly immunogenic. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have recently emerged as a promising strategy for the immunogenic delivery of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) to cancer patients. However, safe and effective OV/TAA therapies have not yet been established. We have previously demonstrated that vectors based on Sindbis virus (SV) can inhibit tumor growth and activate the innate immune system in mice. Here, we demonstrate that SV vectors carrying a TAA generate a dramatically enhanced therapeutic effect in mice bearing subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and lung cancers. Notably, SV/TAA efficacy was not dependent on tumor cell targeting, but was characterized by the transient expression of TAAs in lymph nodes draining the injection site. Early T-cell activation at this site was followed by a robust influx of NKG2D expressing antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells into the tumor site, subsequently leading to the generation of long-lasting memory T cells which conferred protection against rechallenge with TAA-positive as well as TAA-negative tumor cells. By combining in vivo imaging, flow cytometry, cytotoxicity/cytokine assays, and tetramer analysis, we investigated the relationship between these events and propose a model for CD8+ T-cell activation during SV/TAA therapy.
A Practical Approach to Breast Disease
Authors: Yeu-Tsu Margaret Lee
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In the preface the editors state that their goal is to create a "readable, succinct book on benign and malignant breast disease" so that "the primary care physician could feel comfortable managing common problems, deciding what problems needed referral to the specialists, and providing follow-up care." The book has four editors, representing internal medicine, pathology, radiology, and surgery, and 12 authors, 11 of whom are female. The 21 chapters are divided among three parts. Part 1 contains basic concepts such as anatomy, physiology of the breast, nonmalignant disease, the pathway to cancer, screening, and biopsy of breast lesions. Part 2 deals with evaluation of a variety of clinical problems and situations such as occult lesions, palpable masses, the painful breast, nipple discharge, estrogen replacement therapy, plastic surgery, and the high-risk patient. Part 3 covers treatment and follow-up. Atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ are discussed in one chapter, separately from
Anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties of platelet protease nexin-1
Authors: Yacine Boulaftali, Frédéric Adam, Laurence Venisse, Véronique Ollivier, Benjamin Richard, Sabrina Taieb, Denis Monard, Rémi Favier, Marie-Christine Alessi, Marijke Bryckaert, Véronique Arocas, Martine Jandrot-Perrus, Marie-Christine Bouton
Journal: Blood (2009)
Antimitochondrial antibodies in kindreds of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: Antimitochondrial antibodies are unique to clinical disease and are absent in asymptomatic family members
Authors: Stephen H. Caldwell, Patrick S.C. Leung, James R. Spivey, Thomas Prindiville, Maria de Medina, Theparat Saicheur, Merrill Rowley, Rajender K. Reddy, Ross Coppel, Lennox J. Jeffers, Ian R. MacKay, Eugene R. Schiff, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

ABSTRACT The 2–oxo–acid dehydrogenase family of enzymes have been identified as the major mitochondrial autoantigens of primary biliary cirrhosis. Using immunoblotting, enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme inhibition with both purified mitochondrial proteins and recombinant autoantigens, we have studied family members and spouses of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis for the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies. Antimitochondrial antibodies and other common autoantigens were also tested for by indirect immunofluorescence. This study included 27 index patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, 15 spouses and 48 first– and second–degree relatives. Overall, 7 relatives (11%) were positive for autoantibodies to nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens by indirect immunofluorescence against mouse liver and stomach sections. However, with immunofluorescence, the reactivity strictly paralleled that of antimitochondrial antibodies in only one of these (1:640)—a sibling with mild pruritus and a liver biopsy specimen diagnostic of primary biliary cirrhosis despite normal levels of serum alkaline phosphatase. In addition, one of the mothers, who had a history of sarcoidosis, was positive by immunoblotting for antibodies to the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and protein X. All other relatives were negative for all of the assays. Antibodies to neither the 2–oxo–acid dehydrogenase enzymes nor the recently proposed family of naturally occurring mitochondrial antibodies were found in spouses or healthy relatives. Three other first–degree relatives suffered from liver disease: two died (one from primary biliary cirrhosis and the other from an unknown type of liver disease) and one (a sibling with primary biliary cirrhosis) was unavailable for testing. Our results are consistent with a familial predisposition to primary biliary cirrhosis. These data do not support a deficiency of naturally occurring mitochondrial antibodies as an explanation for an inherited basis of the disease because none of our samples, patients or relatives, were positive for these putative autoantibodies. Among blood relatives, antimitochondrial antibodies were not detected in the absence of proved or suspected primary biliary cirrhosis. Within primary biliary cirrhosis kindreds, the presence of antimitochondrial antibodies should arouse suspicion of primary biliary cirrhosis even without overt clinical or biochemical disease markers. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;16:899-905.)
Validation of the Ulcerative Colitis Colonoscopic Index of Severity and Its Correlation With Disease Activity Measures
Authors: Sunil Samuel, David H. Bruining, Edward V. Loftus, Kelvin T. Thia, Kenneth W. Schroeder, William J. Tremaine, William A. Faubion, Sunanda V. Kane, Darrell S. Pardi, Piet C. de Groen, William S. Harmsen, Alan R. Zinsmeister, William J. Sandborn
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2012)
Depression and Suicide in Patients Treated with Isotretinoin
Authors: Diane K. Wysowski, Marilyn Pitts, Julie Beitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

In the Clinical Problem-Solving article by Lurie et al. (Sept.7 issue), 1 the authors describe an 80-yearold man with unexplained back pain, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, plain films that showed only degenerative changes, and normal findings on neurologic evaluation.I believe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium should have been performed before computed tomographic (CT) myelography was performed.CT myelography is invasive and expensive, and it does not provide nearly the range of diagnostic information provided by MRI.As the discussant stated, the differential diagnosis in this case included chronic infection, a metastatic tumor, vasculitis, and multiple myeloma.MRI with gadolinium could have led to the diagnosis of all these conditions except vasculitis, whereas CT myelography would not have been diagnostic of these disorders.
Don't forget phaeochromocytoma in the differential diagnosis of thunderclap headache
Authors: P. D. Angus
Journal: BMJ (2013)

I was surprised that Ducros and Bousser did not include phaeochromocytoma among the differential diagnoses of thunderclap headache.1 Any medical textbook will list headache as one of the cardinal presenting symptoms of phaeochromocytoma. It is described as episodic, sudden, extremely severe, and lasting for seconds to minutes …
Advances in Shock
Authors: BRIAN ZINK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Ad Libitum1 October 1986Advances in ShockBRIAN ZINK, M.D.BRIAN ZINK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-622_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOh, Gross, if you knew the little you knew,a century of tinkering, the brightest minds,the boundless body—now there are no secrets,at least no big ones;the focus so coned down,to bolts, a thread of a bolt,the metal in the thread;the words so faded, gray, erased—your "machinery of life"now leans old and ludicrous—the beauty of your words, unhinged,is only errant letters.Gross, we are too trained to speak;the body, shifting foot to foot,now is left to be describedby poets' crazy little lines;we who hoard the secrets talk... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPotentiometric SO2 gas sensor based on a thick film of Ca2+ ion conducting solid electrolyte 1 October 1986Volume 105, Issue 4Page: 622-622KeywordsShock ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
GENERAL PARALYSIS FOLLOWING DIPHTHERIA. A CASE.
Authors: CHARLES WESLEY ROOK
Journal: JAMA (1884)

In theJournal of the American Medical Association, vol. i, page 649, two cases are noted of the rare sequel “General Paralysis After Diphtheria.” Having within my care, at the receipt of the above mentioned article, a little patient to whom had occurred this rare and distressing sequel, now that the case is terminated, I deem it a professional duty to give a report of the same. For a brief and concise history of this pathological condition, its association, in the relation of cause and effect, with diphtheria, and for theories concerning its cause or causes, the reader is kindly referred to Trousseau's Clinical Medicine, vol. I, p. 382, ed. 1882. November 28, 1883, I was recalled to Stella P., æt. one year and six months, whom I had recently attended during an attack of diphtheria, together with four other members of the family, including the mother, who were also
NONTRAUMATIC CERVICAL DISLOCATIONS IN RHEUMATOID SPONDYLITIS
Authors: Daniel Kornblum
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Although the occurrence of dislocations in peripheral joints affected with rheumatoid arthritis is well known, the fact that cervical spine subluxations may likewise complicate rheumatoid spondylitis has not been generally realized. Similarly, rheumatoid spondylitis has received only scant mention in the literature as a cause of spontaneous atlantoaxial dislocations, which have been repeatedly ascribed to cervical or nasopharyngeal inflammations in childhood, rheumatic fever, and tuberculosis of the spine. Ely<sup>1</sup>has reported atlantoaxial subluxation that occurred in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. His patient, however, had a history of injury that may have precipitated the dislocation. More recently Stammers and Frazer<sup>2</sup>reported spontaneous subluxation of the atlas in a 30-year-old man who had a five year history suggestive of rheumatoid spondylitis, although this diagnosis was not mentioned. Rand<sup>3</sup>described a case of progressive subluxation of the atlas that caused a classic Brown-Sequard syndrome that was relieved by strong
DETERMINATION OF AORTIC VALVE ANNULAR DIMENSION PRIOR TO PERCUTANEOUS AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT WITH COREVALVE: A COMPARISON OF MULTI-MODALITY IMAGING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Siobhan M. Lockwood, Ian T. Meredith, Paul R. Antonis, Sujith K. Seneviratne, Philip M. Mottram, Stuart Moir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Oh, to Be New
Authors: Jean-Paul Latgé
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

In this issue of the Journal, Kenyon et al.1 describe what appears to be a new dimorphic emmonsia species infecting patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. This study is in agreement with the general literature,2 which indicates that advanced immunosuppression, such as by HIV infection (i.e., acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), is an important predisposing factor for the emergence of new, “less virulent” pathogens that cause human disease. There are several dimorphic fungi that are responsible for human disease, such as Coccidioides immitis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Histoplasma capsulatum, Penicillium marneffei, and Sporothrix schenckii. However, there are many more . . .
952 LONG-TERM (LT) THERAPY OF A FARNESOID X RECEPTOR (FXR) AGONIST OBETICHOLIC ACID (OCA) MAINTAINS BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSE IN PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS (PBC)
Authors: G. Hirschfield, K. Kowdley, A. Mason, V. Luketic, S. Gordon, C. Vincent, M. Mayo, A. Pares, R. Chapman, K. Lindor, M. Esguerra, L. Eliot, D. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)