tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neurogenic Changes in the Upper Airway of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Julian P. Saboisky, Daniel W. Stashuk, Andrew Hamilton-Wright, Andrea L. Carusona, Lisa M. Campana, John Trinder, Danny J. Eckert, Amy S. Jordan, David G. McSharry, David P. White, Sanjeev Nandedkar, William S. David, Atul Malhotra
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: Controversy persists regarding the presence and importance of hypoglossal nerve dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Objectives: We assessed quantitative parameters related to motor unit potential (MUP) morphology derived from electromyographic (EMG) signals in patients with OSA versus control subjects and hypothesized that signs of neurogenic remodeling would be present in the patients with OSA.Methods: Participants underwent diagnostic sleep studies to obtain apnea–hypopnea indices. Muscle activity was detected with 50-mm concentric needle electrodes. The concentric needle was positioned at more than 10 independent sites per subject, after the local anatomy of the upper airway musculature was examined by ultrasonography. All activity was quantified with subjects awake, during supine eupneic breathing while wearing a nasal mask connected to a pneumotachograph. Genioglossus EMG signals were analyzed offline by automated software (DQEMG), which extracted motor unit potential trains (MUPTs) contributed by individual motor units from the composite EMG signals. Quantitative measurements of MUP templates, including duration, peak-to-peak amplitude, area, area-to-amplitude ratio, and size index, were compared between the untreated patients with OSA and healthy control subjects.Measurements and Main Results: A total of 1,655 MUPTs from patients with OSA (n = 17; AHI, 55 ± 6/h) and control subjects (n = 14; AHI, 4 ± 1/h) were extracted from the genioglossus muscle EMG signals. MUP peak-to-peak amplitudes in the patients with OSA were not different compared with the control subjects (397.5 ± 9.0 vs. 382.5 ± 10.0 μV). However, the MUPs of the patients with OSA were longer in duration (11.5 ± 0.1 vs. 10.3 ± 0.1 ms; P < 0.001) and had a larger size index (4.09 ± 0.02 vs. 3.92 ± 0.02; P < 0.001) compared with control subjects.Conclusions: These results confirm and quantify the extent and existence of structural neural remodeling in OSA.
P1-220: A phase I and pharmacologic study of Belotecan in combination with Cisplatin in patients with previously untreated extensive-stage disease small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Dae Ho Lee, Kyun-Seop Bae, Sang-We Kim, Cheolwon Suh, Joo Hee Shin, Jeong-Sook Hong, Yoon-Koo Kang, Jung-Shin Lee
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
803-3 The interleukin-174G/C polymorphism is a powerful predictor for restenosis after coronary stent implantation
Authors: Tanja Kottmann, Cornelia Piper, Martin Farr, Dieter Fassbender, Michael Schmidt, Christian Goetting, Dirk Welge, Knut Kleesiek, Dieter Horstkotte
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Ink4a/Arf expression is a biomarker of aging
Authors: Janakiraman Krishnamurthy, Chad Torrice, Matthew R. Ramsey, Grigoriy I. Kovalev, Khalid Al-Regaiey, Lishan Su, Norman E. Sharpless
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The Ink4a/Arf locus encodes 2 tumor suppressor molecules, p16INK4a and Arf, which are principal mediators of cellular senescence. To study the links between senescence and aging in vivo, we examined Ink4a/Arf expression in rodent models of aging. We show that expression of p16INK4a and Arf markedly increases in almost all rodent tissues with advancing age, while there is little or no change in the expression of other related cell cycle inhibitors. The increase in expression is restricted to well-defined compartments within each organ studied and occurs in both epithelial and stromal cells of diverse lineages. The age-associated increase in expression of p16INK4a and Arf is attenuated in the kidney, ovary, and heart by caloric restriction, and this decrease correlates with diminished expression of an in vivo marker of senescence, as well as decreased pathology of those organs. Last, the age-related increase in Ink4a/Arf expression can be independently attributed to the expression of Ets-1, a known p16INK4a transcriptional activator, as well as unknown Ink4a/Arf coregulatory molecules. These data suggest that expression of the Ink4a/Arf tumor suppressor locus is a robust biomarker, and possible effector, of mammalian aging.
Combining Clinical and Thallium Data Optimizes Preoperative Assessment of Cardiac Risk before Major Vascular Surgery
Authors: K.A. Eagle, C.M. Coley, J.B. Newell, D.C. Brewster, R.C. Darling, H.W. Strauss, T.E. Guiney, C.A. Boucher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine whether clinical markers and preoperative dipyridamole-thallium imaging are both useful in predicting ischemic events after vascular surgery. Design: Retrospective, observational study. Setting: University medical center. Patients: Two hundred fifty-four consecutive patients referred to a nuclear cardiology laboratory before surgery. Forty-four patients had surgery cancelled or postponed after clinical evaluation and dipyridamole-thallium imaging. Surgery was not confirmed for ten. Two hundred patients receiving prompt vascular surgery were the study group. Measurements and Main Results: Thirty patients (15%) had early postoperative cardiac ischemic events, with cardiac death in 6 (3%) and nonfatal myocardial infarction in 9 (4.5%). Logistic regression identified five clinical predictors (Q waves, history of ventricular ectopic activity, diabetes, advanced age, angina) and two dipyridamole-thallium predictors of postoperative events. Of patients with none of the clinical variables (n = 64), only 2 (3.1%; 95% CI, 0% to 8%) had ischemic events with no cardiac deaths. Ten of twenty (50%; 95% CI, 29% to 71%) patients with three or more clinical markers had events. Eighteen of one hundred sixteen (15.5%; 95% CI, 7% to 21%) patients with either 1 or 2 clinical predictors had events. Within this group, 2 of 62 (3.2%; 95% CI, 0% to 8%) patients without thallium redistribution had events compared with 16 events in 54 patients (29.6%; 95% CI, 16% to 44%) with thallium redistribution. The multivariate model using both clinical and thallium variables showed significantly higher specificity at equivalent sensitivity levels than models using either clinical or thallium variables alone. Conclusions: Preoperative dipyridamole-thallium imaging appears most useful to stratify vascular patients determined to be at intermediate risk by clinical evaluation. For patients with one or two clinical predictors, thallium redistribution correlates with substantial change in probability of events. For nearly half the patients, however, thallium imaging may have been unnecessary because of very high or low cardiac risk predicted by clinical information alone.
Response‐adjusted ISS (RaISS) is a simple and reliable prognostic scoring system for predicting progression‐free survival in transplanted patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Alessandro Corso, Monica Galli, Silvia Mangiacavalli, Fausto Rossini, Andrea Nozza, Cristiana Pascutto, Vittorio Montefusco, Luca Baldini, Anna Maria Cafro, Claudia Crippa, Mario Cazzola, Paolo Corradini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Complete response (CR) is associated with better outcome in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with autologous transplant even though the progression-free survival (PFS) can be very variable among patients with good response. No simple and reliable prognostic scoring system, able to predict the duration of response, are so far available. Aim of this study was to identify any correlation between baseline clinical findings, response after transplant and the length of PFS, and thus develop a prognostic model. The new prognostic model was developed in a learning cohort of 549 patients with MM transplanted in five Italian hospitals. The prognostic value of this new score was confirmed in a validation cohort of 276 distinct patients with MM transplanted in two different Italian hospital. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox models. The most important independent baseline predictor of transplant outcome, together with response after transplant, was International Staging System (ISS). We thus incorporated response to transplant and baseline ISS in a new scoring system, named response-adjusted international scoring system (RaISS), that was able to classify patients in three risk groups (low, intermediate, high) with different probabilities of progression after transplant (median PFS 35.9-15.4 months). The prognostic value of this new score was confirmed in the validation cohort. In conclusion, RaISS is a new simple and easily available scoring system that, accurately defining the risk of progression, can allow to identify patients who could deserve further treatment after transplant (consolidation, maintenance).
Induction of aneuploidy, a cluster of babies with Down's syndrome, and a potential danger with in vitro fertilization.
Authors: D J Bond
Journal: BMJ (1984)

infection is not common in children presenting with enuresis,2 3 there is a slightly increased incidence especially in girls6 and we usually send a urine specimen for culture.Urine is also tested for glucose to exclude diabetes mellitus presenting with polyuria.Some enterprising general practitioners have purchased enuresis alarms at their own expense to lend to patients.The time has now come when all general practitioners should be allowed to prescribe these useful devices.This would not only save drug dispensing and hospital costs but would be more convenient for patients and their parents-some of whom in our rural area face a return journey of over 100 miles to the outpatient clinic.
Fatal Central Diabetes Mellitus and Insipidus Resulting from Untreated Hyponatremia: A New Syndrome
Authors: Cosmo L. Fraser
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

After elective hospitalization, eleven healthy young women developed symptomatic hyponatremia that was rapidly followed by polyuria, hypernatremia, hyperglycemia, and death. The patients were 30 ± 2 years old ( ± SE) with initial serum sodium of 140 ± 1 mmol/L. They all awoke from analgesia but, 32 hours after completion of the procedure, they went from alertness to respiratory arrest in less than 1 hour. At this time, serum sodium was 116 ± 2 mmol/L and blood glucose was 6.7 ± 0.7 mmol/L. Without treatment for the hyponatremia, urine output spontaneously increased from 38 to 689 mL/h and urine osmolality fell from 546 to 83 mmol/kg body weight. Over the next 51 hours, blood glucose rose to a high of 24.1 +2.5 mmol/L while serum sodium rose to a high of 167 + 2 mmol/L. None of the patients regained consciousness. At autopsy, all patients had cerebral edema with herniation along with hypoxic brain damage. The pituitary showed infarction of both anterior and posterior lobes in 7 of 7 patients examined, while 8 of 11 had necrosis of the medulla and 8 of 8 patients examined had hypothalamic necrosis. All had normal pancreas and kidneys at autopsy. Soon after respiratory arrest, all of the patients developed fixed, dilated pupils that often led to the diagnosis of brain death. Autopsy showed compression of the third cranial nerve (oculomotor) because of cerebral herniation. Thus, all of the patients were diagnosed as being brain dead when some may have been saved. These data suggest that in otherwise healthy young women, untreated symptomatic hyponatremia may lead to brain edema, cerebral herniation, and infarction of pituitary and hypothalamus, resulting in central diabetes insipidus and mellitus.
1150 HEPATIC IRON OVERLOAD IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE IS DUE TO INADEQUATE HEPCIDIN INDUCTION: ROLE OF H2O2 IN HEPCIDIN REGULATION
Authors: G. Millonig, G.N. Waite, T. Longerich, P. Schirmacher, M.U. Muckenthaler, H.-K. Seitz, S. Mueller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Adherence rate to inhaled corticosteroids and their impact on asthma control
Authors: L. Lasmar, P. Camargos, N. S. Champs, M. T. Fonseca, M. J. Fontes, C. Ibiapina, C. Alvim, J. A. R. Moura
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Poor asthma control is associated to high morbidity. The objective of this study was to assess the association between adherence rates to beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and the degree of asthma control.A cohort concurrent study was carried out for 12 months with 122 asthmatic patients, aged 3-12 years, randomly selected in a pediatric pulmonology outpatient clinic, who received BDP free of charge. Adherence rates were verified by pharmacy records. Clinical control was assessed through a scoring system comprised four variables (nocturnal and morning symptoms, limitation of physical activities and exacerbations). Total score was 16 points. Patients whose score was below or equal to two were considered controlled (group 1), and patients whose score was above or equal to three were considered uncontrolled (group 2). For patients able to perform spirometry, we considered as controlled the patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) equal to or above 80% of the predicted value, and as uncontrolled the patients with FEV(1) below 80%.Fewer than half (40.3% maximum) of the 122 patients maintained asthma control. Median adherence rate of groups 1 and 2 were 85.5% and 33.8%, (P < 0.001) in the 4th month, 90.0% and 48.0% (P < 0.001) in the 8th month and 84.4% and 47.0% in the 12th month (P < 0.001), respectively.In all periods, there were statistically significant differences in adherence rates for maintaining or not maintaining the asthma control. Optimal asthma control entailed adherence rate higher than 80%. Strategies for reducing asthma morbidity should include a regular monitoring of adherence to inhaled steroids.
UK government fails to stem rise in tuberculosis cases
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2007)

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Cellular immunity to Hodgkin's splenic tissue measured by leucocyte migration inhibition.
Authors: B W Hancock, L Bruce, J Richmond
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Patients with lymphoreticular malignancy were shown by a leucocyte migration inhibition technique to have cellular immunity to Hodgkin9s splenic tissue. Migration was significantly inhibited in 31 out of 55 patients with Hodgkin9s lymphoma and 19 out of 39 patients with other types of lymphoma. Inhibition was also shown in only three out of 29 patients with other malignancy, one out of 23 normal volunteers, and one out of 25 patients with non-malignant disease. The splenic factor that inhibits leucocyte migration, which has yet to be isolated and identified, may be a helpful diagnostic tool in patients with suspected lymphoma.
Differential Diagnosis: The Interpretation of Clinical Evidence
Authors: Sanford A. Franzblau
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The interpretation of clinical evidence is what this book is all about. If you can do it well, you're a doctor. If you can't, you're not. How to learn the interpretation of clinical evidence? The learning has several facets. First in line is acquiring familiarity with the disorders we call disease, to become aware of the possibilities; to program our brains for certain types of input when we hear the story and see the picture presented by the patient. For this there are the traditional textbooks. Next is the elicitation of additional facts which point the way to a particular diagnosis. In our thinking, these facts are assigned various degrees of significance according to the frequency with which they are associated with disease, and according to the specificity with which they, either singly or in certain combinations, are associated with recognized nosologic entities. Added to this are other facts gathered
Effect of low concentrations of ozone on inhaled allergen responses in asthmatic subjects
Authors: N. A. Molfino, S. C. Wright, I. Katz, S. Tarlo, F. Silverman, P. A. Mcclean, J. P. Szalai, M. Raizenne, A. S. Slutsky, N. Zamel
Journal: The Lancet (1991)
Depression and Allergies: Survey of a Nonclinical Population
Authors: Iris R. Bell, Mary L. Jasnoski, Jerome Kagan, David S. King
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

The possible association between depression and type I allergies (i.e. immunoglobulin E-mediated hay fever, asthma, eczema, hives) was examined in a nonclinical sample of 379 college students. Measures included self-reports of depression, tiredness, fearfulness, allergic disorders, and environmental allergens and irritants. Seventy-one percent of the subjects who had ever received a professional diagnosis of depression also indicated a history of allergy; those with greater self-rated current depression overall reported a significantly higher prevalence of asthma (p < 0.05). Type I allergic (43%) and nonallergic subjects did not differ in self-rated frequency of depression, fatigue, or anxiety. However, type I subjects reported significantly worse mood after the flu than did nonallergic subjects (p < 0.001). The data support the hypothesis that individuals prone to clinical depression have more allergies than nondepressives. Allergies may experience more postflu mood worsening but not current depression in comparison with nonallergics.
Pathologic Changes in the Peripheral Airways of Young Cigarette Smokers
Authors: Dennis E. Niewoehner, Jerome Kleinerman, Donald B. Rice
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The lungs of young smokers and controls of comparable age from a population of sudden non-hospital deaths were systematically studied to determine the relation between cigarette smoking and pathologic changes in peripheral airways. The characteristic lesion observed was a respiratory bronchiolitis associated with clusters of pigmented alveolar macrophages and was present in the lungs of all smokers studied but rarely seen in nonsmokers (p<0.002). The lungs of smokers also showed small but significant increases in mural inflammatory cells and denuded epithelium in the membranous bronchioles as compared to controls (p<0.05). We postulate that this respiratory bronchiolitis is a precursor of centriacinar emphysema and may be responsible for the subtle functional abnormalities observed in young smokers. (N Engl J Med 291: 755–758, 1974)
Pulmonic Stenosis — Indications for Surgery in Children and Adults
Authors: Alexander S. Nadas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The article by Johnson et al. in this issue of the Journal raises questions of general importance to cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. The authors propose that corrective surgery in asymptomatic patients with uncomplicated pulmonic stenosis is not appropriate.One cannot easily question the effectiveness of medical management of these 21 patients for an average of 15 years; all but one, a patient with mild disease who died in a motorcycle accident, are alive and well. These valuable data support the optimistic view of the natural history of pulmonic stenosis, as expressed by Lueker and his colleagues,1 and run strongly contrary . . .
Cytokine gene polymorphisms and graft-versus-host disease in children after matched sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a single-center experience
Authors: Evgenios Goussetis, Ioanna Varela, Ioulia Peristeri, Vasiliki Kitra, Kleopatra Spanou, Olga Moraloglou, Anna Paisiou, Sofia Karatasaki, Alexandra Soldatou, Nikki Constantinidou, Stelios Graphakos
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2011)
Effects of topical corticosteroids on human dermis
Authors: R.M. LAVKER, N.M. SCHECHTER, G.S. LAZARUS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Effects of topical corticosteroids on human dermis Get access R.M. LAVKER, R.M. LAVKER Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Dr R.M.Lavker, Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Medical Education Building, 36th and Hamilton Walk/GM, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.M. SCHECHTER, N.M. SCHECHTER Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.S. LAZARUS G.S. LAZARUS Duhring Laboratories, Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s31, 1 August 1986, Pages 101–107, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02118.x Published: 01 August 1986
Exome sequencing identifies recurrent somatic mutations in EIF1AX and SF3B1 in uveal melanoma with disomy 3
Authors: Marcel Martin, Lars Maßhöfer, Petra Temming, Sven Rahmann, Claudia Metz, Norbert Bornfeld, Johannes van de Nes, Ludger Klein-Hitpass, Alan G Hinnebusch, Bernhard Horsthemke, Dietmar R Lohmann, Michael Zeschnigk
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Early Atherosclerosis Exhibits an Enhanced Procoagulant State
Authors: Julian Ilcheff Borissoff, Sylvia Heeneman, Evren Kilinç, Peter Kaššák, René Van Oerle, Kristien Winckers, José W.P. Govers-Riemslag, Karly Hamulyák, Tilman M. Hackeng, Mat J.A.P. Daemen, Hugo ten Cate, Henri M.H. Spronk
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Thrombin generation in vivo may be important in regulating atherosclerotic progression. In the present study, we examined for the first time the activity and presence of relevant coagulation proteins in relation to the progression of atherosclerosis.Both early and stable advanced atherosclerotic lesions were collected pairwise from each individual (n=27) during autopsy. Tissue homogenates were prepared from both total plaques and isolated plaque layers, in which the activity of factors (F) II, X, and XII and tissue factor was determined. Microarray analysis was implemented to elucidate local messenger RNA synthesis of coagulation proteins. Part of each specimen was paraffin embedded, and histological sections were immunohistochemically stained for multiple coagulation markers with the use of commercial antibodies. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range [IQR]). Tissue factor, FII, FX, and FXII activities were significantly higher in early atherosclerotic lesions than in stable advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Endogenous thrombin potential and thrombin-antithrombin complex values consolidated a procoagulant profile of early atherosclerotic lesions (endogenous thrombin potential, 1240 nmol/L x min [IQR, 1173 to 1311]; thrombin-antithrombin complex, 1045 ng/mg [IQR, 842.6 to 1376]) versus stable advanced atherosclerotic lesions (endogenous thrombin potential, 782 nmol/L x min [IQR, 0 to 1151]; thrombin-antithrombin complex, 718.4 ng/mg [IQR, 508.6 to 1151]). Tissue factor, FVII, and FX colocalized with macrophages and smooth muscle cells. In addition, multiple procoagulant and anticoagulant proteases were immunohistochemically mapped to various locations throughout the atherosclerotic vessel wall in both early and advanced atherosclerotic stages.This study shows an enhanced procoagulant state of early-stage atherosclerotic plaques compared with advanced-stage plaques, which may provide novel insights into the role of coagulation during atherosclerotic plaque progression.
Large multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis associated with frozen strawberries, Germany, 2012
Authors: H Bernard, M Faber, H Wilking, S Haller, M Höhle, A Schielke, T Ducomble, C Siffczyk, S S Merbecks, G Fricke, O Hamouda, K Stark, D Werber, None on behalf of the Outbreak Investigation Team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

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