tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Deligation of Large Arteries by the Application of Two Ligatures and the Division of the Vessel between Them
Authors: J. Black
Journal: BMJ (1883)

DURING myn absence from home, I find that the question of pep- tonuria versus albuminuria in connection with the tests for albumen now :on their trial, has been raised in the JOURNAL and talked' about.Before reading the article on " Picric Acid 'as -aMens af! Distinguishing Albumen from Peptone " which appeared in tbehe JOURNAL of March 31st, I had performed several .experimentson, t4- ibumen and peptone, with a yiew to discriminate these bodies by the: xeagents which, last January, I introduced to professional rwtice the form of test-papers.The results of these observations will,' doubtless, Just now be intereatlig to many, who are working with these and other tests, so as to decide for themselves their Comparative range and power, and I will briefly record them.witho4tdelAy, before proceeding to further inquiry.The peptone was derived from digesting at a temperaturepf 100lG,' wxth pepsina porci or pepsin-essens (Liebreich), and an' acid (hydro- chloric or lactic), one or other of the following' forms of albumen:(a) White of egg boiled for half an hour, or (b) albumen purified after the method of Wurtz, (o) albuminous urine (ser-albumun).,After several hours, eight or ten, a final boil enabled me to fllter off a clear solution, which, judging from the negative results obtained by boiling and by nitric acid, was free from ordinary albumen.
Reply to Alain Braillon and Gérard Dubois’ Letter to the Editor re: Fritz H. Schröder, Jonas Hugosson, Sigrid Carlsson, et al. Screening for Prostate Cancer Decreases the Risk of Developing Metastatic Disease: Findings from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC). Eur Urol 2012;62:745–52
Authors: Fritz H. Schröder, Monique J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Effects of loratadine on anti‐IgE‐induced inflammation, histamine release, and leukocyte recruitment in skin of atopics
Authors: A. Roquet, J. Raud, G. Halldén, M. van Hage‐Hamsten, J. Hed, L‐O. Hansson, O. Zetterström, R. Grönneberg
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the H 1 ‐receptor antagonist loratadine to modify anti‐IgE‐induced cutaneous wheal‐and‐flare and late‐phase reactions (WFR and LPR), as well as histamine release and leukocyte accumulation in skin chambers. For this purpose, 10 atopics with allergic rhinitis were entered into a double‐blind crossover study in which they received either placebo or loratadine (20 mg/day orally) for 8 days separated by a 7‐day washout period. Blisters were induced on both forearms on day 7 of each treatment period, and were unroofed on day 8 and covered with plastic skin chambers. Chamber fluids were collected during 7 h after 1‐h incubation with anti‐IgE or control IgG. Intradermal challenge with histamine and anti‐IgE was performed at the same occasion. As compared to placebo treatment, loratadine inhibited the immediate WFRs to anti‐IgE by 35% (wheal) and 65% (flare), respectively (P &lt; 0.01), and corresponding reactions to histamine challenge by 50% and 70% (P&lt;0.001), respectively. Moreover, the initial phase (0‐2 h) of the LPR induced by anti‐IgE was attenuated by up to ∼60% (P &lt; 0.001) during loratadine treatment. Thereafter, no inhibition of the LPR was observed. The magnitude and time course of histamine release into skin chambers was virtually the same after loratadine and placebo treatment, with a peak during 0‐1 h and a progressive decline during the following 2 h. Accumulation of α2‐macroglobulin, reflecting extravasation of large plasma proteins, also peaked during the first hour and was unaffected by loratadine during the 8‐h observation period. Moreover, loratadine did not reduce the anti‐IgE‐induced recruitment of eosinophils or other subtypes of leukocytes. Altogether, loratadine inhibited both the WFRs to histamine and anti‐IgE and the initial phase of the IgE‐mediated LPR. However, loratadine did not express anti‐inflammatory activity with respect to mast‐cell mediator release or leukocyte recruitment. The latter findings are in contrast to the action of loratadine in allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, suggesting that the actions of loratadine may be organ specific and that the effects of loratadine cannot always be extrapolated from one tissue to another.
Dreams as an Aid in Determining Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Attitude towards Treatment
Authors: Meredith Sabini
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

There are certain types of dreams, in both psychosomatic and general medical patients, that address themselves directly – in undisguised form – to illness. From a collection of 60 such dreams, examples are presented which illustrate the objective value dreams can have in determining diagnosis, prognosis, and patient's attitude towards treatment. These dreams bring to light crucial factors that could affect treatment, such as the unconscious need for symptoms, the purposive function of symptoms, and unconscious resistances to treatment. Dreams may also reveal an unconscious knowledge of impending death in terminal patients. Although it is usually the patient who has dreams relevant to an existing illness, family members or the physician or therapist may also have them. This study makes a link with ancient Greek medical tradition in which dreams had a central role in both diagnosis and treatment. The possibility of revitalizing this tradition is noted, and the need for systematic research into dreams associated with illness is emphasized.
The Grant Method in the Surgery of Epithelioma of the Lip-Reply
Authors: H. A. L. Ryfkogel
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> A proof of the above was sent to Dr. Ryfkogel, who replies: —As any one can readily verify by looking at Dr. Grant's and my articles on epithelioma of the lip, his statement that my diagrams and reading matter are reproductions of his, are untrue. In fact they bear no more resemblance to his than they do to Stewart's, Dieffenbach's and others.' I have read Dr. Grant's article and have performed his operation. My objection to it was that it made a lip too tightly stretched; in fact, he himself mentions the frequent necessity of using tension sutures. In the operation performed in my clinic, even when the whole lip is removed, the flaps fall loosely into place without tension. Dr. Grant's flaps are triangular and are swung into place; mine are quadrilateral and are slid together. I should like again to emphasize the fact that there is nothing new
Forty Years of Murder
Authors: H. Haynes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The memoir of Cedric Keith Simpson (1907-85) established him as the most famous English forensic pathologist of his day. After the suicide of Sir Bernard Spilsbury, the dashing, unchallenged figurehead of English forensics, in 1947, Simpson and his colleagues became the new celebrity pathologists. This book, Forty Years of Murder , charts Simpson’s most high profile cases in sometimes gruesome detail. Often photographed attending some grisly scene with his loyal secretary, Simpson inhabited an era of forensics before genomics. He outlines his intellectual exchanges in the courts at a time when queen’s counsels were king’s counsels with magnificent sounding names such as Sir Reginald Manningham-Buller, …
Cardiovascular disease and cancer in very old age
Authors: T. E Strandberg
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Risk seems to plateau, but other causes of death are poorly defined

Death in young or middle aged people usually has a single, well defined cause, whereas cause of death in older people is often poorly defined. The multifaceted nature of the association between death and disability is gradually being realised.1 An older person may have a sudden cardiac death or succumb to rapidly advancing cancer, but a more common scenario is a fluctuating worsening of health towards death—for example, because of heart failure. Another pattern—gradual loss of life force—is seen especially in frail, institutionalised patients.

In the linked study, Driver and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.a2467) analysed the effect of increasing age on the most important causes of death in developed societies: cardiovascular diseases and cancer.2 The study assesses the interaction between age and the main causes of death in 22 048 male doctors aged 40-84 in the United States. The most intriguing results are those in men aged 80-90, in whom the residual lifetime risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases seems to plateau, even decrease. The lifetime risk of cancer was …
Cyclosporin A and Rapamycin Relieve Distinct Lentiviral Restriction Blocks in Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
Authors: Carolina Petrillo, Daniela Cesana, Francesco Piras, Sara Bartolaccini, Luigi Naldini, Eugenio Montini, Anna Kajaste-Rudnitski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Improving hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) permissiveness to HIV-derived lentiviral vectors (LVs) remains a challenge for the field of gene therapy as high vector doses and prolonged ex vivo culture are still required to achieve clinically relevant transduction levels. We report here that Cyclosporin A (CsA) and Rapamycin (Rapa) significantly improve LV gene transfer in human and murine HSPC. Both compounds increased LV but not gammaretroviral transduction and acted independently of calcineurin and autophagy. Improved gene transfer was achieved across all CD34+ subpopulations, including in long-term SCID repopulating cells. Effects of CsA were specific of HSPC and opposite to its known impact on HIV replication. Mutating the Cyclophilin A binding pocket of the viral capsid (CA) further improved transduction in combination with CsA. Tracking of the LV genome fate revealed that CsA relieves a CA-dependent early block and increases integration, while Rapa acts early in LV infection independently of the viral CA. In agreement, only Rapa was able to improve transduction by an integrase-defective LV harboring wild-type CA. Overall, our findings pave the way for more efficient and sustainable LV gene therapy in human HSPCs and shed light on the multiple innate barriers specifically hampering LV transduction in these cells. Improving hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) permissiveness to HIV-derived lentiviral vectors (LVs) remains a challenge for the field of gene therapy as high vector doses and prolonged ex vivo culture are still required to achieve clinically relevant transduction levels. We report here that Cyclosporin A (CsA) and Rapamycin (Rapa) significantly improve LV gene transfer in human and murine HSPC. Both compounds increased LV but not gammaretroviral transduction and acted independently of calcineurin and autophagy. Improved gene transfer was achieved across all CD34+ subpopulations, including in long-term SCID repopulating cells. Effects of CsA were specific of HSPC and opposite to its known impact on HIV replication. Mutating the Cyclophilin A binding pocket of the viral capsid (CA) further improved transduction in combination with CsA. Tracking of the LV genome fate revealed that CsA relieves a CA-dependent early block and increases integration, while Rapa acts early in LV infection independently of the viral CA. In agreement, only Rapa was able to improve transduction by an integrase-defective LV harboring wild-type CA. Overall, our findings pave the way for more efficient and sustainable LV gene therapy in human HSPCs and shed light on the multiple innate barriers specifically hampering LV transduction in these cells.
MedJet - a new CO2-based disposable cleaning device allows safe and effective bowel cleansing during colonoscopy: a pilot study
Authors: R. Kiesslich, N. Schuster, A. Hoffman, M. Goetz, P. Galle, E. Santo, Z. Halpern
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Complete bowel cleansing is mandatory for effective colon cancer screening and surveillance. The aim of the current pilot study, which was conducted in humans, was to test the safety and efficiency of a newly developed disposable cleaning device, the MedJet, for intraprocedural bowel cleansing. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Patients with screening or surveillance colonoscopy after previous polypectomy were included. The colonoscope was first inserted to the cecum and the overall cleansing was assessed according to the Ottawa scale. The MedJet device was used if colon cleansing had been incomplete. The MedJet catheter was passed over the working channel of the colonoscope and the colon was cleaned during withdrawal. The MedJet device delivered controlled jets comprising compressed CO<sub>2 </sub>and minimal amounts of sterile water, which allowed disintegration and removal of residual stool. The efficiency of cleaning was assessed according to the Boston scale. <b>Results:</b> A total of 32 patients (16 female; mean age 61 years) were treated with the device. No device-related adverse or serious adverse events were noted. MedJet application during withdrawal provided effective and significant improvement in bowel cleansing (<i>P</i> = 0.005). Furthermore, 18 adenomas and 1 colon cancer, which were hidden behind stool remnants, could be identified in 11 patients following use of the MedJet device. However, the withdrawal times were prolonged (11.4±6.0 minutes) due to the additional cleaning procedure. All patients tolerated the procedure well. <b>Conclusions:</b> The new MedJet device enabled highly effective and safe bowel cleansing during colonoscopy. The catheter-based system was easy to use and CO<sub>2</sub> was applied for cleansing. The procedure was well tolerated by patients.
The Editor, 'The British Journal of Dermatology'. Fluocortolone
Authors: D. G. Freshwater
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1967)

Journal Article The Editor, ‘The British Journal of Dermatology’. Fluocortolone Get access D. G. Freshwater D. G. Freshwater The Royal Infirmary, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 79, Issue 12, 1 December 1967, Page 729, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1967.tb11455.x Published: 01 December 1967
IODIN SWAB FOR STERILIZING SITE OF HYPODERMIC PUNCTURE
Authors: C. J. Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Having frequently had difficulty in finding alcohol or iodin, and a cotton swab for sterilizing the site before giving a hypodermic injection, I have devised an iodin swab which fits nicely in the case alongside the syringe, and is always present with the latter. The only material necessary to make the swab consists of two empty hypodermic tablet tubes, a bit of small rubber catheter, three-fourth inch long, of a size to slip inside the tube, 1 inch of very small glass tubing, and a little thread for a wick. The thread is loosely twisted, about eight strands, and pulled inside the small glass tubing. This, in turn, is put in the section of rubber tubing, one of the tablet tubes is half filled with iodin, and the assembled glass, rubber and wick are slipped in the end of the iodin tube, making a tight fit. About one-eighth inch of
The dermal stem cell factor and c-kit are overexpressed in melasma
Authors: H.Y. Kang, J.S. Hwang, J.Y. Lee, J.H. Ahn, J-Y. Kim, E-S. Lee, W.H. Kang
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article The dermal stem cell factor and c‐kit are overexpressed in melasma Get access H.Y. Kang, H.Y. Kang Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Hee Young Kang. E‐mail: hykang@ajou.ac.kr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S. Hwang, J.S. Hwang Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.Y. Lee, J.Y. Lee Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.H. Ahn, J.H. Ahn Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐Y. Kim, J‐Y. Kim Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E‐S. Lee, E‐S. Lee Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.H. Kang W.H. Kang Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443–721, Korea *Skin Research Institute, Amore‐Pacific Corporation, Suwon, Korea †Q Skin Clinic, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 6, 1 June 2006, Pages 1094–1099, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07179.x Published: 01 June 2006 Article history Accepted: 06 November 2005 Published: 01 June 2006
HCN2/SkM1 Gene Transfer Into Canine Left Bundle Branch Induces Stable, Autonomically Responsive Biological Pacing at Physiological Heart Rates
Authors: Gerard J.J. Boink, Lian Duan, Bruce D. Nearing, Iryna N. Shlapakova, Eugene A. Sosunov, Evgeny P. Anyukhovsky, Eugene Bobkov, Yelena Kryukova, Nazira Ozgen, Peter Danilo, Ira S. Cohen, Richard L. Verrier, Richard B. Robinson, Michael R. Rosen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Functional Aging in the Nervous System Contributes to Age-Dependent Motor Activity Decline in C. elegans
Authors: Jie Liu, Bi Zhang, Haoyun Lei, Zhaoyang Feng, Jianfeng Liu, Ao-Lin Hsu, X.Z. Shawn Xu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in multiple physiological functions (i.e., functional aging). As animals age, they exhibit a gradual loss in motor activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we approach this question in C. elegans by functionally characterizing its aging nervous system and muscles. We find that motor neurons exhibit a progressive functional decline, beginning in early life. Surprisingly, body-wall muscles, which were previously thought to undergo functional aging, do not manifest such a decline until mid-late life. Notably, motor neurons first develop a deficit in synaptic vesicle fusion followed by that in quantal size and vesicle docking/priming, revealing specific functional deteriorations in synaptic transmission. Pharmacological stimulation of synaptic transmission can improve motor activity in aged animals. These results uncover a critical role for the nervous system in age-dependent motor activity decline in C. elegans and provide insights into how functional aging occurs in this organism.
The Syndromes of Resistance to Thyroid Hormone*
Authors: SAMUEL REFETOFF, ROY E. WEISS, STEPHEN J. USALA
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1993)

THE syndromes of resistance to thyroid hormone are characterized by reduced clinical and biochemical manifestations of thyroid hormone action relative to the circulating hormone levels. In practice, most patients are identified by the persistent elevation of serum levels of T4 and T3 with "inappropriately" nonsuppressed TSH, in the absence of intercurrent acute illness, drugs, or alterations of thyroid hormone binding to serum proteins. More importantly, administration of supraphysiological doses of thyroid hormone fail to produce the expected suppressive effect on the secretion of pituitary TSH and/or to induce the expected metabolic responses in the peripheral tissues. Since the publication of the index cases in 1967 (1), 347 subjects have been reported who exhibit the characteristics of the syndrome (Refs. 1–129 and our personal communications and observations). In this review, we summarize all cases known to us, present their common features as well as unusual manifestations, and attempt to analyze and relate both clinical and laboratory findings. Special emphasis is given to recent advances in diagnostic procedures and in genetic studies which, in addition to identifying the etiology of the resistance, have contributed to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action. The ultimate goal is to provide more accurate means of establishing the diagnosis, earlier recognition of the disorder, and more effective approaches to therapy.
Lack of correlation between immunohistochemical expression of E2F-1, thymidylate synthase expression and clinical response to5-fluorouracil in advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: O. Belvedere, F. Puglisi, C. Di Loreto, P. Cataldi, A. Guglielmi, C. Aschele, A. Sobrero
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2003)
Inter-relationship of articular cartilage thickness and cellularity.
Authors: R A Stockwell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Discussion DR.G. D. KERSLEY (Bath) The first controlled trial of radiotherapy in arthritis was performed in Bath by Max Desmarais.Rheumatoid subjects, osteoarthritics, and spondylitics were treated and the controls in each group were put under the machine but the current was not turned on.They were assessed at 3 and 6 months.In general, radiotherapy was found to be of no value in rheumatoid arthritis, but in ankylosing spondylitis it was of dramatic benefit, and in osteoarthrosis there was a significant improvement.DR.J. GLYN (London) I think that one should separate those patients with degenerative arthritis who manifested effusions from those who did not.The former presumably have a much greater potential for improvement than those with dry and chronically worn-out joints.Did you, in fact, find that those with effusions derived greater benefit?DR.GIBSON We analysed these patients and we failed to find any improvement in the group with effusions.DR. A. G. S. HILL (Stoke Mandeville) We heard some years ago in this Society the results of treating hip joints with a radioactive source inserted into the femoral head.I cannot recall having heard anything about this since.Does anyone know anything about this work?(Robson and van Miert, 1965).ANON They have stopped using it.DR.J. J. DEBL1ECOURT (Holland) We have published the results ofa double-blind clinical trial ofradiotherapy in 330 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, the hip, and the cervical spine (Acta rheum.scand., 1958, 4, 908).These patients were given a placebo dose, 150 rads over 3 weeks, or 250 rads over 3 weeks.We found no significant thera- peutic differences between the three regimes and concluded that there was no point in treating osteoarthritis with radiotherapy.
Mandatory Testing for HIV
Authors: Ed Sargent
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —Dr Francis' 1 well-articulated article about the inability of the CDC to proceed with appropriate and vigorous response to the HIV epidemic was alarming. It has long been my suspicion, as well as (I am sure) that of many practicing physicians, that the political response to this unprecedented and extremely serious epidemic was as Francis states,  health malpractice! Furthermore, as Francis mentions, this indefensible reaction of politicians in the past two administrations has led to the death of many individuals who might not otherwise have died. Furthermore, it has led to the infection of many thousands more individuals with HIV than might otherwise have occurred.  I find it disturbing that this article is a text of Francis' retirement speech. This implies to me that Francis did not feel comfortable going public with his appropriate views prior to his retirement. Perhaps concerned scientists and physicians at the