tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies Probe Mechanisms That Have a Role in Obesity-Associated Morbidities
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2012)

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Multimodal mapping of human skin
Authors: S. Heuke, N. Vogler, T. Meyer, D. Akimov, F. Kluschke, H.-J. Röwert-Huber, J. Lademann, B. Dietzek, J. Popp
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The combination of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) imaging--referred to as multimodal imaging--provides complementary contrast based on molecular vibrations, the structure of various tissue components and endogenous fluorophores, respectively.To present a comprehensive overview of the appearance of human skin in multimodal imaging.Multimodal imaging of unstained skin cross-sections of 32 individuals was performed using a laser scanning microscope and picosecond laser pulse for excitation.The epidermis, dermis and subcutis are distinguishable in all three applied modalities, but are unveiled best in multimodal images. While the subcutis is dominated by the CARS signal, predominately SHG and the secondary TPEF signal detect the dermis. In contrast, no SHG signal is detected in the epidermis, whereas CARS and TPEF show equal contributions. Additionally, the appearance of the major skin appendages is described, i.e. the hair follicle, sebaceous and sweat glands, and blood vessels belonging to the vascular system. All four investigated functional units show a characteristic morphochemistry in TPEF and CARS, allowing identification of further subunits, e.g. the major components of the hair follicle, while the SHG signal delineates the localization of the functional units.Multimodal imaging is a powerful tool to investigate human skin by providing high contrast based on the molecular constitution. It is therefore suggested that multimodal imaging has a high potential in application to dermatological research and clinical diagnostics of various skin alterations.
Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Bleeding in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis
Authors: JOVAN MILUTINOVICH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Six patients developed spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding while on maintenance dialysis (3% of all patients so treated). At the time of the bleeding episode, four patients were receiving Coumadin® for prevention of recurrent clotting problems in external shunts. In three patients, including two who had not received Coumadin, bleeding developed while on dialysis. The presenting common symptoms and signs of retroperitoneal bleeding included sudden and progressive abdominal pain with blood pressure drop and subsequent development of an abdominal mass. These symptoms were associated with a falling hematocrit without any documented external blood loss and with suggestive X-ray changes, including absence of psoas shadow with soft tissue density. All six patients recovered. Treatment included blood transfusions, temporary regional heparinization, withdrawal of Coumadin, and bed rest. Surgical exploration was undertaken in two patients, but no obvious bleeding source was found. Anticoagulation therapy and functional platelet abnormalities may be contributory causes.
Pattern of Hereditary Susceptibility in Rheumatic Fever
Authors: MAY G. WILSON, MORTON SCHWEITZER
Journal: Circulation (1954)

This study is concerned with the pattern of inheritance of susceptibility to rheumatic fever. To investigate the genetic mechanism of inheritance in rheumatic fever the families of a selected parent were brought under observation without regard for the presence or absence of rheumatic fever in the unselected mate or collateral relatives. These data are preferable for genetic analysis since they are not biased by selection of affected children and can therefore be analysed directly by the application of simple Mendelian ratios. Two hundred ninety-one families including 646 siblings were under continuous medical supervision at The New York Hospital for an average period of 10 years. Rheumatic fever occurred in 40 children among a total of 121 offspring in 52 genetically susceptible families. By contrast in 239 nonsusceptible families with a total of 525 children, there were only three children who developed rheumatic fever. Genetic analysis of the data gave good agreement with simple recessive inheritance while excluding other mechanisms. The previous conclusion that susceptibility to rheumatic fever is inherited as a simple recessive trait was corroborated.
Psychiatric referrals from courts and prisons.
Authors: J. S. Bearcroft, M. D. Donovan
Journal: BMJ (1965)

common with age.This tendency is clearly indicated in Figs.1 and 2. The greater incidence of this condition among male children is well known and also.shows in our series.In the case of whipworm, however, infestation rates appear to be approximately the same irrespective of the ages of the children examined.As stated above three (1.1 %) children born in the United Kingdom to immigrant parents had certainly become infested in this country, and four others might have become infested here but are more likely to have become infested in visits to their parents' homeland.The risk of cross-infestation in thewe children must be much higher than in children born in the United Kingdom to English parents because they live in greater social proximity to infested immigrants arriving here.Perhaps the most unexpected case was that of hookworm occurring in a child born in the United Kingdom to West Indian parents.Inquiry revealed that the boy was more than usually inclined to play in soil and also that he was left for long periods with minimal supervision while his mother was at work.Nevertheless it does indicate that hookworm ova can embryonate even in the climatic conditions of Northern England.Two other cases have been recorded (Buckley and Pester, 1965), indicating that further investigation is needed.The effect on worm infestation of residence in Great Britain varies according to the particular helminth concerned.In the case of hookworm it is clear that the degree of infestation diminishes gradually, and we found very little in children who had been here for four or more years.The longest period of survival in our series is in a child who arrived in this country in 1957 and whom we presume not to have been infested since arrival.The same does not appear to be true of other infestations, and, in the case of whipworm in particular, the rates are as high after five years' residence here as they are among children who have newly arrived.Whipworm was found in children who had been in Great Britain for 6, 8, and 12 years respectively, and roundworm also has been found in a child resident here for eight years.Of the 36 cases of dwarf tapeworm in our series the rate of infestation appears to diminish with residence in Great Britain, though it is possible that limited cross-infestation is taking place. SummaryA total of 1,317 children of Commonwealth immigrants have been examined for intestinal helminth infestation.A stool was examined from a single direct smear, and 18.6% of the children were found to be infested.The rate of infestation with different parasites is recorded, as is the country of origin of the immigrants.The incidence of hookworm and whipworm at different ages is compared.Seven cases of infestation in children of immigrants born in the United Kingdom are recorded, and three of these children had never been outside the United Kingdom.The proportion of children infested with hookworm seems to diminish proportionately to the time they have been resident in Great Britain, but this is not the case with whipworm infestation.
Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 in a patient with chronic neutrophilic leukemia: Cytogenetic findings in chronic neutrophilic leukemia
Authors: Sadaya Matano, Shinobu Nakamura, Kazumi Kobayashi, Takashi Yoshida, Tamotsu Matsuda, Tatsuho Sugimoto
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

We encountered a 67-year-old female with chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL). Cytogenetic study showed she had a deletion in the long arm of chromosome 20. This finding indicates that CNL, in this case, is a clonal disorder. Most CNL patients have normal karyotypes, and only four patients with cytogenetic abnormalities, including two cases who received chemotherapy before the cytogenetic abnormality was detected, have been reported. Four of those cases, including our case, had abnormalities in the long arm of chromosome 20. This locus may be associated with the development of CNL. To our knowledge, this is the first case with CNL who showed deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 before treatment was started. Am. J. Hematol. 54:72–75, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
-adrenoceptor density and relative number of -adrenoceptor subtypes in biopsies from human right atrial, left ventricular, and right ventricular myocard
Authors: Svein Golf, Rolf Løvstad, Vidar Hansson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

In the present study we estimated the relative number of beta-adrenoceptors in membrane preparations from right atrial and left ventricular biopsies from 8 patients, as well as from right ventricular biopsy from one patient. Determinations of relative number of beta adrenoceptor subtypes (beta1, beta2) were also performed. Estimations were performed in a radioligand assay, measuring specific binding of [125I]-cyanopindolol (CYP). Inhibition of specific [125I] CYP binding was studied by adding propranolol (non-selective antagonist), atenolol (beta1 selective antagonist) and ICI 118551 (beta2 selective antagonist) to the preparations. Some individual variance in total number of receptors was found. Per mg protein, the number of binding sites were higher in atrial preparations (mean 71.4 +/- 14.4 fmol X mg-1) than in left ventricular preparations (mean 30.2 +/- 7.1 fmol X mg-1). Receptor number in the right ventricular preparation was 49.5 +/- 2.6 fmol X mg-1. Approximately 25% of beta adrenoceptors were of beta2 subtype in preparations from both right atrial and left ventricular biopsies, as well as from the right ventricular biopsy. Thus, there are regional differences in the quantity of beta adrenoceptors in human myocard whereas the relative proportion of beta1 and beta2 receptors appears to be fairly constant.
Diagnosis of Aseptic Necrosis of the Talus by Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: MORTEZA H. SHAFA, MARIANO FERNANDEZ-ULLOA, RAYMOND C. ROST, SCOTT R. NYQUIST
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Bone scintigraphy is a very useful technique for detection of aseptic necrosis. We have used this diagnostic tool in a patient to detect aseptic necrosis of the talus, a common complication stemming from foot injuries. The scintigraphic pattern is rather typical and antedates any other radiographic changes. This technique appears to be very useful for diagnosis and follow-up of aseptic necrosis occurring during talar injuries.
Book Review Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, management Edited by W. Allan Walker, Peter R. Durie, J. Richard Hamilton, John A. Walker-Smith, and John B. Watkins. 1785 pp. in two volumes, illustrated. Philadelphia, B.C. Decker, 1990. $298.
Authors: Frank R. Sinatra, Daniel W. Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)
Evidence for the presence of murine primitive megakarycytopoiesis in the early yolk sac
Authors: Ming-jiang Xu, Sahoko Matsuoka, Feng-Chun Yang, Yasuhiro Ebihara, Atsushi Manabe, Ryuhei Tanaka, Mitsuoki Eguchi, Shigetaka Asano, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, Kohichiro Tsuji
Journal: Blood (2001)
Relapse of Diabetes After Interruption of Chronic Administration of Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Antibody Infliximab
Authors: Babak Yazdani-Biuki, Thomas Mueller, Hans-Peter Brezinschek, Josef Hermann, Winfried Graninger, Thomas C. Wascher
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays a prominent role in obesity-associated insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction (1) and, therefore, in the development of diabetes. An association between obesity and elevated TNF-α levels and, furthermore, the substantial decline of TNF-α levels with the simultaneous restoration of insulin sensitivity during weight loss was reported by Dandona et al. (2). Recently, we found evidence that prolonged administration of anti–TNF-α antibody is able to improve insulin sensitivity in …
Biochemical kinetics of porcine cardiac subfragment-1.
Authors: L A Stein, M P White
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The actin binding and ATPase kinetics of cardiac myosin subfragment-1 were compared with prior studies on skeletal myosin subfragments. Previous kinetic studies on rabbit skeletal subfragment-1 (S-1) have revealed two important features of the actomyosin ATPase activity. First, hydrolysis of ATP by myosin subfragment-1 proceeds both when S-1 is bound to actin and when it is dissociated from actin. Second, the actin concentration required to reach half the maximum ATPase activity, Ka(ATPase), is considerably lower than the actin concentration required to bind half the subfragment-1 during steady state hydrolysis of ATP, Ka(binding). These kinetic facts require that skeletal myosin hydrolyze ATP without dissociating from actin; therefore, a "nondissociating" pathway for ATP hydrolysis exists. The studies reported here show that porcine cardiac S-1 is very similar to rabbit skeletal S-1. Under identical conditions to prior work on skeletal S-1, the Ka(ATPase) of porcine cardiac S-1 is approximately equal to that reported for skeletal S-1. This is also true for Ka(binding). Comparison of Ka(ATPase) and Ka(binding) shows that for cardiac proteins Ka(ATPase) is fourfold to sixfold stronger than Ka(binding), i.e., half maximal ATPase activity is achieved at about one fifth the actin necessary to reach 50% binding. The extrapolated maximum ATPase activity at saturating actin concentration for cardiac S-1 is consistently slower than skeletal S-1 by about a factor of 2.5. Furthermore, studies of the actoS-1 ATPase activity at high actin concentrations as well as with crosslinked actoS-1 show no significant inhibition, implying the requirement of a "nondissociating" pathway for ATP hydrolysis by cardiac myosin subfragment-1.
Genome-wide association study of PR interval
Authors: Arne Pfeufer, Charlotte van Noord, Kristin D Marciante, Dan E Arking, Martin G Larson, Albert Vernon Smith, Kirill V Tarasov, Martina Müller, Nona Sotoodehnia, Moritz F Sinner, Germaine C Verwoert, Man Li, W H Linda Kao, Anna Köttgen, Josef Coresh, Joshua C Bis, Bruce M Psaty, Kenneth Rice, Jerome I Rotter, Fernando Rivadeneira, Albert Hofman, Jan A Kors, Bruno H C Stricker, André G Uitterlinden, Cornelia M van Duijn, Britt M Beckmann, Wiebke Sauter, Christian Gieger, Steven A Lubitz, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Thomas J Wang, Jared W Magnani, Renate B Schnabel, Mina K Chung, John Barnard, Jonathan D Smith, David R Van Wagoner, Ramachandran S Vasan, Thor Aspelund, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Tamara B Harris, Lenore J Launer, Samer S Najjar, Edward Lakatta, David Schlessinger, Manuela Uda, Gonçalo R Abecasis, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Georg B Ehret, Eric Boerwinkle, Aravinda Chakravarti, Elsayed Z Soliman, Kathryn L Lunetta, Siegfried Perz, H-Erich Wichmann, Thomas Meitinger, Daniel Levy, Vilmundur Gudnason, Patrick T Ellinor, Serena Sanna, Stefan Kääb, Jacqueline C M Witteman, Alvaro Alonso, Emelia J Benjamin, Susan R Heckbert
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Budesonide-formoterol reliever therapy in asthma
Authors: J K Quint
Journal: Thorax (2006)

▴ Rabe KF, Atienza T, Maqyar P, et al. Effect of budesonide in combination with formoterol for reliever therapy in asthma exacerbations: a randomised controlled, double-blind study. Lancet2006;368:744–53 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] This 12 month study was conducted in patients with moderate to severe asthma who were symptomatic on regular budesonide-formoterol maintenance therapy. All 3394 patients enrolled had had at least one severe asthma attack in the year before entry, and were randomised to receive budesonide-formoterol maintenance therapy (160 µg and … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DLancet%26rft.stitle%253DLancet%26rft.aulast%253DRabe%26rft.auinit1%253DK.%2BF.%26rft.volume%253D368%26rft.issue%253D9537%26rft.spage%253D744%26rft.epage%253D753%26rft.atitle%253DEffect%2Bof%2Bbudesonide%2Bin%2Bcombination%2Bwith%2Bformoterol%2Bfor%2Breliever%2Btherapy%2Bin%2Basthma%2Bexacerbations%253A%2Ba%2Brandomised%2Bcontrolled%252C%2Bdouble-blind%2Bstudy.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS0140-6736%252806%252969284-2%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16935685%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69284-2&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16935685&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F61%2F11%2F985.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000240240200026&link_type=ISI
Cigarettes and the Skeleton
Authors: Charles W. Slemenda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

In this issue of the Journal Hopper and Seeman examine the effect of tobacco use on bone density by comparing female twins discordant for cigarette smoking1. The bone density of the women who smoked or who smoked more heavily was significantly lower than that of their twin sisters, and the pairs with the largest differences in tobacco use had the largest differences in bone density. In this and other studies, the bone density of the women who smoked or who smoked more heavily was between 0.5 and 1.5 SD lower than that of the women who did not smoke . . .
UNDERTREATMENT OF ELDERLY PATIENTS &gt;80-YEARS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME DESPITE HIGH RISK AND SIMILAR BENEFITS FROM EVIDENCE-BASED TREATMENT AS AT YOUNGER AGE: RESULTS FROM SVEDEHEART
Authors: Claes Held, Per Johanson, Annika Edberg, Olle Bergström, Jörgen Cronblad, Karin Hellström Angerud, Thomas Kellerth, Johan Lugnegård, Ewa Mattsson, Anette Sandström, Monica Sterner, Lars Wallentin, Tomas Jernberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
TAK1-mediated autophagy and fatty acid oxidation prevent hepatosteatosis and tumorigenesis
Authors: Sayaka Inokuchi-Shimizu, Eek Joong Park, Yoon Seok Roh, Ling Yang, Bi Zhang, Jingyi Song, Shuang Liang, Michael Pimienta, Koji Taniguchi, Xuefeng Wu, Kinji Asahina, William Lagakos, Mason R. Mackey, Shizuo Akira, Mark H. Ellisman, Dorothy D. Sears, Jerrold M. Olefsky, Michael Karin, David A. Brenner, Ekihiro Seki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

The MAP kinase kinase kinase TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is activated by TLRs, IL-1, TNF, and TGFβ and in turn activates IKK-NF-κB and JNK, which regulate cell survival, growth, tumorigenesis, and metabolism. TAK1 signaling also upregulates AMPK activity and autophagy. Here, we investigated TAK1-dependent regulation of autophagy, lipid metabolism, and tumorigenesis in the liver. Fasted mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Tak1 exhibited severe hepatosteatosis with increased mTORC1 activity and suppression of autophagy compared with their WT counterparts. TAK1-deficient hepatocytes exhibited suppressed AMPK activity and autophagy in response to starvation or metformin treatment; however, ectopic activation of AMPK restored autophagy in these cells. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) target genes and β-oxidation, which regulate hepatic lipid degradation, were also suppressed in hepatocytes lacking TAK1. Due to suppression of autophagy and β-oxidation, a high-fat diet challenge aggravated steatohepatitis in mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Tak1. Notably, inhibition of mTORC1 restored autophagy and PPARα target gene expression in TAK1-deficient livers, indicating that TAK1 acts upstream of mTORC1. mTORC1 inhibition also suppressed spontaneous liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis in animals with hepatocyte-specific deletion of Tak1. These data indicate that TAK1 regulates hepatic lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis via the AMPK/mTORC1 axis, affecting both autophagy and PPARα activity.
Long-Term Mortality after Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Aasma Shaukat, Steven J. Mongin, Mindy S. Geisser, Frank A. Lederle, John H. Bond, Jack S. Mandel, Timothy R. Church
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

In randomized trials, fecal occult-blood testing reduces mortality from colorectal cancer. However, the duration of the benefit is unknown, as are the effects specific to age and sex.In the Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study, 46,551 participants, 50 to 80 years of age, were randomly assigned to usual care (control) or to annual or biennial screening with fecal occult-blood testing. Screening was performed from 1976 through 1982 and from 1986 through 1992. We used the National Death Index to obtain updated information on the vital status of participants and to determine causes of death through 2008.Through 30 years of follow-up, 33,020 participants (70.9%) died. A total of 732 deaths were attributed to colorectal cancer: 200 of the 11,072 deaths (1.8%) in the annual-screening group, 237 of the 11,004 deaths (2.2%) in the biennial-screening group, and 295 of the 10,944 deaths (2.7%) in the control group. Screening reduced colorectal-cancer mortality (relative risk with annual screening, 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 0.82; relative risk with biennial screening, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.93) through 30 years of follow-up. No reduction was observed in all-cause mortality (relative risk with annual screening, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.01; relative risk with biennial screening, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.01). The reduction in colorectal-cancer mortality was larger for men than for women in the biennial-screening group (P=0.04 for interaction).The effect of screening with fecal occult-blood testing on colorectal-cancer mortality persists after 30 years but does not influence all-cause mortality. The sustained reduction in colorectal-cancer mortality supports the effect of polypectomy. (Funded by the Veterans Affairs Merit Review Award Program and others.).