tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Those Venerable Notions
Authors: Peter A. Ward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Why in the world would a dental infection lead to a systemic defect in leukocyte function? In the article by Shurin et al. in this issue, we are confronted with two patients, one with a history of rapidly progressive periodontal disease, the other with a less clear history of dental disease but with a capnocytophaga bacteremia. In each patient, blood leukocytes show a defect in motility. A similar defect can be induced in blood neutrophils taken from normal donors by cell contact with culture fluids obtained from the anaerobe culprit, capnocytophaga. For this there is a precedent, since actinobacillus, another . . .
Clinics in Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: M. Webley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

This method of presentation means that difficult to get an overall picture of a disea For example, the changes found in hyperti monary oesteoarthropathy may be found se the sections on the foot, the hand, and knee, b is there an overall description of the condil sequently one is left with the impression tha monest changes are a periostitis of the bc hand and feet, and the more common perio: forearms and ankles is not stressed.Similarly
Type I Interferon-mediated Stimulation of T Cells by CpG DNA
Authors: Siquan Sun, Xiaohong Zhang, David F. Tough, Jonathan Sprent
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Immunostimulatory DNA and oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG DNA) are strongly stimulatory for B cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs). We report here that, as manifested by CD69 and B7-2 upregulation, CpG DNA also induces partial activation of T cells, including naive-phenotype T cells, both in vivo and in vitro. Under in vitro conditions, CpG DNA caused activation of T cells in spleen cell suspensions but failed to stimulate highly purified T cells unless these cells were supplemented with APCs. Three lines of evidence suggested that APC-dependent stimulation of T cells by CpG DNA was mediated by type I interferons (IFN-I). First, T cell activation by CpG DNA was undetectable in IFN-IR−/− mice. Second, in contrast to normal T cells, the failure of purified IFN-IR−/− T cells to respond to CpG DNA could not be overcome by adding normal IFN-IR+ APCs. Third, IFN-I (but not IFN-γ) caused the same pattern of partial T cell activation as CpG DNA. Significantly, T cell activation by IFN-I was APC independent. Thus, CpG DNA appeared to stimulate T cells by inducing APCs to synthesize IFN-I, which then acted directly on T cells via IFN-IR. Functional studies suggested that activation of T cells by IFN-I was inhibitory. Thus, exposing normal (but not IFN-IR−/−) T cells to CpG DNA in vivo led to reduced T proliferative responses after TCR ligation in vitro.
A simple strategy for heritable chromosomal deletions in zebrafish via the combinatorial action of targeting nucleases
Authors: Shimin Lim, Yin Wang, Xueyao Yu, Yian Huang, Mark S Featherstone, Karuna Sampath
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

Abstract Precise and effective genome-editing tools are essential for functional genomics and gene therapy. Targeting nucleases have been successfully used to edit genomes. However, whole-locus or element-specific deletions abolishing transcript expression have not previously been reported. Here, we show heritable targeting of locus-specific deletions in the zebrafish nodal-related genes squint ( sqt ) and cyclops ( cyc ). Our strategy of heritable chromosomal editing can be used for disease modeling, analyzing gene clusters, regulatory regions, and determining the functions of non-coding RNAs in genomes.
A CASE OF THOMSEN'S DISEASE
Authors: Louis J. Bragman
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The recent comprehensive review of the literature of myotonia congenita by Jelliffe and Ziegler (The Journal, February 25, p. 555) prompts me to describe a case, seen recently: J. K., a white youth, aged 19, Roman Catholic, born in Syracuse, N. Y., whose parents and a sister, aged 21, are without neurologic or muscular anomalies, and whose family as far as ascertainable is similarly free from any relevant abnormalities, had a tonsillectomy at 7 and was believed to have had some evidence of muscular "stiffness" from infancy. It was recalled definitely that from the age of 4 he tended to stumble and to fall easily. As far back as he can remember he has stumbled if pushed even lightly, or if startled. He has always tended to lose his balance easily. About thirty seconds before he arises from a sitting or lying posture his muscles remain "stiffened."
The legal aid folly that damages us all
Authors: Dick Taverne
Journal: BMJ (2004)

In medical matters it is surprising how often the law, in Mr Bumble's words, proves to be “an ass,” as two recent prominent cases demonstrate.

The first was a claim against manufacturers of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. As long ago as 1994 legal aid was granted to a group of parents who were opposed to immunisation (and who were strong believers in homoeopathy), for an action claiming that MMR causes brain damage, epilepsy, arthritis, and autoimmune disease. After Andrew Wakefield's 1998 Lancet article ( Lancet 1998;351: 637), the number of plaintiffs was expanded and the claim concentrated on the allegation that MMR causes autism. Legal aid for the claim was eventually withdrawn in September 2003 on the grounds that the action was unlikely to succeed. By then it had cost the taxpayer £15m.

> This team was quite clearly not adequately qualified to investigate possible causes of autism 

Legal aid in claims for damages for personal injury, which is granted by …
Chiropractic for low back pain
Authors: E Ernst, W J J Assendelft
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Chiropractic includes various techniques used in the hope of correcting vertebral disc displacements, freeing spinal joint adhesion, inhibiting nociceptive impulses, or correcting spinal misalignment. Several national guidelines on the treatment of low back pain recommend spinal manipulation, including chiropractic, as a symptomatic treatment for acute uncomplicated cases where pain fails to resolve spontaneously within the first months.1 How solidly are these recommendations based on evidence?

There are many controlled trials of spinal manipulation and no fewer than 51 reviews.2 Surprisingly, in the review of Shekelle et al,3 which provided the basis for the recommendations …
How Common Is White Coat Hypertension?
Authors: Thomas G. Pickering
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Twenty-one percent of 292 patients with untreated borderline hypertension (clinic diastolic blood pressures persistently between 90 and 104 mm Hg) were found to have normal daytime ambulatory pressures (defined from a population of normotensive subjects). These patients were defined as having "white coat" hypertension, and they were more likely to be female and younger, to weigh less, and to be more recently diagnosed than patients whose pressure was elevated both in the clinic and during ambulatory monitoring. Patients with white coat hypertension did not show a generalized increase of blood pressure lability, nor an exaggerated pressor response while at work. The phenomenon is more pronounced when blood pressure is measured by a physician than by a technician. In such patients, the pressor response may be relatively specific to the physician's office and lead to significant misclassification of hypertension. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:225-228)
Magnitude of dilatation of large and small coronary arteries of nitroglycerin.
Authors: R L Feldman, C J Pepine, C R Conti
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Vasodilatory responses of segments of large epicardial left coronary artery (CA), small intramyocardial CAs (0.3-1.0 mm), coronary stenoses and CAs filled by collaterals were determined in 34 patients. Measurements were made before and after nitroglycerin (0.4 mg, sublingual) by means of quantitative magnification coronary angiography using photospot film and a calibrated 6-power viewing device. The left main CA, proximal, middle and distal anterior descending and circumflex segments, and small CAs showed dilatation that varied in magnitude. When magnitude of dilatation was compared with control diameter of the vessel and its location, control diameter proved to be the significant independent variable. CAs with the smallest control diameter showed the greatest magnitude of vasodilatation. CA branches filled by collaterals had vasodilatation similar in magnitude to that of CAs of comparable control diameter. Although coronary stenoses dilated, the magnitude of dilatation was less than that observed in nonstenosed arterial segments of similar control diameter. When areas of stenosis were excluded, however, results were similar regardless of whether the patient had CA disease. These data indicate that a principal determinant of the CA vasodilatory response to nitroglycerin is the size of the artery before nitroglycerin.
Increased circulating bradykinin during hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass in children.
Authors: L M Pang, S A Stalcup, J S Lipset, C J Hayes, F O Bowman, R B Mellins
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To determine whether cold could activate the kallikrein-kinin system in vivo as it does in vitro, the circulating systemic concentrations of bradykinin were serially measured in 10 cyildren with congenital diseases of the heart undergoing corrective cardiac surgery. Bradykinin was measured by radioimmunoassay in blood samples obtained before, during and after profound hypothermia (to 18 degrees C) and cardiopulmonary bypass. The circulating concentrations of bradykinin increased significantly as body temperature decreased during surface cooling. The increase in circulating bradykinin was associated with a decrease in the circulating level of bradykininogen, the precursor of bradykinin. With the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass and hence, removal of the lung and pulmonary converting enzyme from the circulation, there was a further rise in the already elevated concentrations of bradykinin. This is the first in vivo demonstration that hypothermia leads to an increase in the circulating concentrations of bradykinin.
Genome-wide ChIP-Seq reveals a dramatic shift in the binding of the transcription factor erythroid Kruppel-like factor during erythrocyte differentiation
Authors: Andre M. Pilon, Subramanian S. Ajay, Swathi Ashok Kumar, Laurie A. Steiner, Praveen F. Cherukuri, Stephen Wincovitch, Stacie M. Anderson, James C. Mullikin, Patrick G. Gallagher, Ross C. Hardison, Elliott H. Margulies, David M. Bodine
Journal: Blood (2011)
Precise ultrastructural localization of in vivo deposited IgG antibodies in fresh perilesional skin of patients with bullous pemphigoid
Authors: None Sato, None Shimizu, None Ishiko, None Masunaga, None Akiyama, None Hashimoto, None Kitajima, None Nishikawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a blistering skin disease in which the patient develops autoantibodies to the epidermal basement membrane zone. Using postembedding immunogold electron microscopy, we previously demonstrated that autoantibodies against the 230‐kDa BP antigen (BPAG1) bind to the intracellular hemidesmosomal component of normal skin, whereas those against the 180‐kDa BP antigen (BPAG2) bind only along the plasma membrane of hemidesmosomes. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the precise localization of the in vivo deposited IgG antibodies in fresh perilesional skin of patients with BP. Samples of fresh perilesional skin were obtained from three patients with BP whose sera reacted only with BPAG1, only with BPAG2, and with both BPAG1 and BPAG2 upon immunoblotting using epidermal extracts. Cryofixed and cryosubstituted skin samples were used as a substrate for on‐surface immunolabelling. In all three cases, most of the gold particles were observed close to the plasma membrane of the basal keratinocytes. A quantitative analysis revealed that most (> 80%) of the in vivodeposited IgG antibodies in the three cases were localized within 10 nm inside to 50 nm outside of the cell membrane, with a single peak observed 0–10 nm outside of the cells (> 50%). This distribution corresponded to the location of BPAG2, but not to that of BPAG1. These findings suggest that most, if not all, of the in vivo deposited IgG antibodies in the perilesional skin of BP are directed against BPAG2, rather than against BPAG1, thus further supporting the crucial role of anti‐BPAG2 autoantibody in the initial stage of blister formation in BP.
Radiation Exposure in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: N. van Husen, B. Högemann, V. Egen, Cl. Mehnert
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

Radiation exposure was studied on the basis of x-ray screening time and spotfilms taken in 3590 patients undergoing ERCP. Factors influencing radiation exposure in diagnostic procedures were the age of the patient, target duct system and gastroenteric anastomosis, while duodenal diverticula proved to be of no significance. In endoscopic sphincterotomy average fluoroscopic time was about one minute longer. In contrast to diagnostic ERC, there was an appreciable reduction of radiation exposure in endoscopic sphincterotomy with time, reflecting the growing experience of the endoscopic team. The data presented are within the acceptable range for conventional radiological Gl-examinations.
INCIDENCE OF SILENT CEREBRAL LESIONS USING DIFFERENT ABLATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Thomas Deneke, Martin Bansmann, Joachim Krug, Andreas Mügge, Rainer Schmitt, Sebastian Kerber, Karin Nentwich, Pawel Majewski, Dong-In Shin, Anja Schade
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Idiopathic Retinal Vasculitis, Aneurysms, and Neuro-retinitis
Authors: Tom S. Chang, G. William Aylward, Janet L. Davis, William F. Mieler, Glen L. Oliver, Alan L. Maberley, J. Donald M. Gass, G. William Aylward, David Callanan, Tom S. Chang, Janet L. Davis, Jay S. Duker, John H. Drouilhet, David E. Eifrig, Robert B. Feldman, J. Donald M. Gass, Robert E. Kalina, John H. Killian, Alan L. Maberley, William F. Mieler, Robert B. Nussenbatt, Glen L. Oliver, Carmen A. Puliafito, Thomas A. Rice, Howard Schatz, Scott M. Whitcup
Journal: Ophthalmology (1995)

The authors describe the clinical feature of ten patients with a new syndrome characterized by the presence of retinal vasculitis, multiple macroaneurysms, neuro-retinitis, and peripheral capillary nonperfusion.The authors evaluated ten patients identified to have clinical features compatible with the syndrome of idiopathic retinal vasculitis, aneurysms and neuroretinits (IRVAN). Clinical examination findings, sequential funds photographs (when available), fluorescein angiograms, systemic investigations, response to therapy, and visual outcomes were reviewed.Seven eyes of four patients sustained a marked decrease in visual acuity of 20/200 or worse. Visual loss was due to a combination of an exudative maculopathy and sequelae of retinal ischemia. Capillary nonperfusion was seen in all ten patients and was severe enough to warrant panretinal laser photocoagulation in six patients. Systemic investigations were uniformly noncontributory. Oral prednisone appears to have little beneficial effects on patients with this disorder.Patients with IRVAN have characteristic retinal features that readily identify this syndrome. An increased awareness of this rare syndrome may help to identify sight-threatening complications at an earlier stage. The authors caution against extensive medical investigations.
CSF Concentration of Crizotinib in Two ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients with CNS Metastases Deriving Clinical Benefit from Treatment
Authors: Giulio Metro, Gianluigi Lunardi, Piero Floridi, Jennifer P. Pascali, Luca Marcomigni, Rita Chiari, Vienna Ludovini, Lucio Crinò, Stefania Gori
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Lysozyme and Monocytic Leukemia.
Authors: Elliott F. Osserman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Lysozyme and Monocytic Leukemia.Elliott F. Osserman, M.D.Elliott F. Osserman, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1043_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLysozymes (LZM), discovered by Fleming, are low-molecular-weight (MV ≅ 14,000) basic proteins (isoelectric point, p1 ≅ 10.5) with the property of enzymatically splitting polysaccharides in the cell walls of many bacteria. Normally in man the highest concentrations of LZM are in tears, saliva, bronchial secretions, and leukocytes.We have recently found that monocytic leukemia (ML) in man is associated with the production of extremely large quantities of LZM (J. Exp. Med. 124: 921, 1966). In 15 consecutive cases, the serum LZM levels (50 to 200 µg/ml) were 10 to 30 times normal (5 to 7 µg/ml) and the urine levels... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Elliott F. Osserman, M.D.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMolecularly Imprinted Polyscopoletin for the Electrochemical Detection of the Chronic Disease Marker Lysozyme 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1043-1043KeywordsAttentionBacteriaCell wallsLysozymePolysaccharidesProteinsSalivaUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Benign and neoplastic eosinophilic staining cells: an immunofluorescence study
Authors: KIICHIRO DANNO, SADAO IMAMURA, TAKESHI HORIO, HIGEO OFUJI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Deposition of immunoglobulins, complement and fibrinogen on eosinophilic staining cells was investigated using direct immunofluorescence techniques. Serum factor deposition was detected on benign epidermal eosinophilic cells seen in pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, sunburn erythema and, in addition, on subepidermal hyaline bodies in lichen planus; no such deposition occurred on neoplastic eosinophilic cells in Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma. The qualitative findings of immunofluorescence microscopy seem to be different in inflammatory and malignant dermatoses.
Comparison of Outcomes of Primary Scleral-Fixated versus Primary Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation in Complicated Cataract Surgeries
Authors: Yolanda Y.Y. Kwong, Hunter K.L. Yuen, Robert F. Lam, Vincent Y.W. Lee, Srinivas K. Rao, Dennis S.C. Lam
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Expression by Both Renal Parenchymal and Immune Cells Mediates Murine Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Jennifer R. Timoshanko, A. Richard Kitching, Timothy J. Semple, Stephen R. Holdsworth, Peter G. Tipping
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

GM-CSF has previously been demonstrated to be important in crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN). As both renal parenchymal cells and infiltrating inflammatory cells produce GM-CSF, their separate contributions to inflammatory renal injury were investigated by creation of two different types of GM-CSF chimeric mice: (1) GM-CSF-deficient (GM-CSF-/-)-->wild-type (WT) chimeras with leukocytes that are unable to produce GM-CSF and (2) WT-->GM-CSF-/- chimeras with deficient renal cell GM-CSF expression. Crescentic anti-glomerular basement membrane GN was induced in WT, GM-CSF(-/-)-->WT chimeras, WT-->GM-CSF-/- chimeras, and GM-CSF-/- mice by planting an antigen (sheep globulin) in their glomeruli. WT mice developed severe crescentic GN, whereas GM-CSF-/- were protected from development of disease. Glomerular T cell recruitment, CD40+ glomerular cells, and renal IFN-gamma and TNF expression were similar in both chimeras and WT mice but significantly reduced in GM-CSF-/- mice, indicating that either leukocyte or renal sources of GM-CSF are sufficient to drive these aspects of the inflammatory response. Restricted expression of GM-CSF revealed a major role for renal cell-derived GM-CSF but a minor role for leukocyte-derived GM-CSF in the formation of cellular crescents; glomerular MHC II expression; serum creatinine; and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cellular adhesion molecule, and IL-1beta expression. Glomerular macrophage accumulation, proteinuria, and interstitial infiltrate were equivalent in both chimeric groups but intermediate between WT and GM-CSF-/-, indicating that both sources are required for the full development of glomerular injury in crescentic GN.
Comment: Analyses Using Time-Dependent Pioglitazone Usage in Cox Models May Lead to Wrong Conclusions About Its Association With Cancer
Authors: Xilin Yang, Juliana C.N. Chan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

We read the two articles published in a recent issue of Diabetes Care by Lewis et al. (1) and Ferrara et al. (2) with interest. The first study tested a time-dependent use of pioglitazone for the risk of bladder cancer among 193,099 diabetic patients in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry and concluded that use of the drug over 24 months was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (hazard ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.03–2.0). The second study tested a time-dependent use of pioglitazone for the risk of cancer among 252,467 diabetic patients aged ≥40 years from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Diabetes Registry and found that ever use of pioglitazone was not …
Air Pollution, Exercise, and Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Murray A. Mittleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

There is mounting evidence that exposure to higher levels of air pollution is associated with adverse cardiovascular consequences. A recent scientific statement from the American Heart Association concluded that transient changes in air pollution are associated with a short-term increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death.1 There is also convincing evidence for an association between air pollution and myocardial ischemia and infarction, ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure exacerbation, and stroke.15 Mechanisms that have been proposed as possible explanations for these associations include direct effects from agents that cross the pulmonary epithelium into the circulation, including gases and the soluble constituents . . .
SURVIVAL OF THE VIRUS OF POLIOMYELITIS IN THE ORAL AND NASAL SECRETION OF CONVALESCENTS
Authors: S. D. Kramer, A. E. Sobel, L. H. Grossman, B. Hoskwith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

The positive detection of the virus of poliomyelitis in the nasal secretions of 2 children, 16 and 13 days after the onset of the disease, is described. 7 animals which had been inoculated with other concentrates became ill with symptoms and temperature elevations suggestive of poliomyelitis, from 1 to 3 weeks following inoculation, but without definite paralysis. In 2 of these animals which were sacrificed, the histologic findings were compatible with the diagnosis of poliomyelitis but were not typical. Of the serums of the 5 remaining animals 4 failed to neutralize stock virus, whereas the serum of the fifth neutralized the virus on two different occasions. This serum was obtained from a monkey that had been inoculated with concentrated nasal secretions of a child 43 days after the onset of illness. It is suggested that the present quarantine period of 3 weeks is compatible with the available data. It is further suggested that the methods of procedure described may be useful in similar investigations.