tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Local Responsibility for Care of Tuberculous.
Authors: W. M. Brumby
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Austin, Texas, Sept. 9, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, July 13, 1907, page 151, in an editorial, you criticise the health authorities of Texas for their proposed action in barring from the state indigent and hopeless individuals with tuberculosis. Being state health officer of this state, I took the article in good part, as it was fair criticism given in the right spirit. I felt at the time that you did not understand my views, however, because the lay press jumped to the conclusion that my restrictions would be accompanied by pest houses, yellow flags and shotguns, and they gave me a good deal of adverse discussion. InThe Journal, Aug. 10, 1907, page 506, however, I note an item which advocates fixing the responsibility on the communities in which the tuberculosis originates. This article is very suggestive, and I wish to discuss it simply for the purpose
Reversibility of the effects of normothermic global ischemia on the ryanodine-sensitive and ryanodine-insensitive calcium uptake of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Authors: M D Davis, W Lebolt, J J Feher
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effect of normothermic ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion on the function of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (CSR) was investigated using a modified Langendorff perfusion of isolated rat hearts. The function of the CSR was assessed by the oxalate-supported Ca2+ uptake rate of ventricular homogenates. The contribution of the ryanodine-sensitive portion of the CSR was determined by using 20 microM ruthenium red or 625 microM ryanodine to close the CSR Ca2+ release channel. The Ca2+ uptake rate of the CSR decreased progressively with increasing duration of ischemia, but this depression was much less when uptake was assayed in the presence of ryanodine. The depression in CSR Ca2+ uptake preceded ischemic contracture. Ryanodine and ruthenium red stimulated uptake almost equally in control hearts, but ruthenium red was much less effective than ryanodine after ischemia. This difference could not be overcome by increasing the ruthenium red concentration. These results confirm the suggestion that the Ca2+ release channel is inappropriately opened after ischemia. The CSR uptake rates were almost completely restored at 15 minutes of reperfusion after 5 and 10 minutes of ischemia but were only partially restored after 15 minutes of ischemia. At reperfusion, mechanical function (end-diastolic pressure and peak systolic developed pressure) was markedly depressed after only 15 minutes of ischemia. The degree of "stunning" correlated well with the depression of CSR function in individual hearts. The decreased Ca2+ uptake of the CSR was not due to a buildup of ADP in the homogenates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Pathogenesis of Experimental Gastric-Mucosal Injury
Authors: Howard L. Bleich, Mary Jean Moore, Eero Kivilaakso, William Silen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

LUMINAL acid is generally accepted as essential for the pathogenesis of gastric ulceration. Although the role of acid has been widely investigated, other factors that affect gastric-mucosal resistance to injury have only begun to receive attention. Recent studies show that mucosal permeability and blood flow, secretory state, acid–base balance and the presence of pepsin influence the gastric-mucosal response to luminal acid, and that carbonic anhydrase and prostaglandins within the mucosa probably have an important role in protection against damage. This paper presents some concepts of the pathogenesis of experimental gastric-mucosal injury that have evolved during the past 10 years.Mucosal . . .
Influence of heart rate and inhibition of autonomic tone on the QT interval.
Authors: S Ahnve, H Vallin
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To evaluate whether heart-rate-induced changes of the QT interval are dependent on autonomic tone, we studied 13 healthy subjects, mean age 67.5 years. The maximal uncorrected QT from leads I, II, V1 and V6 was determined during atrial pacing at 90 beats/min and 130 beats/min before and after i.v. administration of propranolol, 0.1 mg/kg, and atropine, 0.02 mg/kg. Significant reductions (p less than 0.01) of QT were induced by the paced increases in heart rate before drugs (10%), after propranolol (10%) and after the combination of atropine and propranolol (9%). Propranolol caused no significant change in the QT interval when heart rate was held constant by pacing. In contrast, atropine produced rate-independent reductions of QT interval (5%) in subjects with beta-adrenergic blockade (p less than 0.05). Bazett's formula for heart-rate correction of the QT interval (QTc) was not applicable for atrial overdrive pacing, as it gave proportionately longer QTc values at higher heart rates. These results show that heart rate is a major determinant of the duration of the QT interval and that paced changes in heart rate induce QT-interval responses that are essentially uninfluenced by autonomic tone. The rate-dependent effect of the QT interval produced by elimination of cholinergic tone suggests a direct influence of cholinergic activity on the repolarization of ventricular myocardium.
1100 Cross-talk between the cAMP and calcium dependent signaling pathways regulates VEGF-A-stimulated normal rat cholangiocyte proliferation
Authors: S GLASER, H FRANCIS, J PHINIZY, S TAFFETANI, J VENTER, B BAUMANN, D ALVARO, M MARZIONI, G FAVA, R REICHENBACH
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
THE RESULTS OF TRYPARSAMIDE THERAPY IN SYPHILIS
Authors: JOSEPH EARLE MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The encouraging results of tryparsamide therapy in neurosyphilis reported by Lorenz, Loevenhart and their collaborators,<sup>1</sup>and by us,<sup>2</sup>have been confirmed by further experience. We are now able to present the results of treatment in 195 patients, of whom 133 are neurosyphilitic, observed during the last four years. <h3>RESULTS IN EARLY AND TERTIARY SYPHILIS</h3> The favorable effect of tryparsamide in neurosyphilis is, as we have pointed out,<sup>2</sup>in paradoxical contrast to the comparatively poor results obtained in early or late syphilis without nervous system involvement. That the drug is not a powerful spirocheticidal agent is emphasized by the failure of repeated large doses, as large as 7 gm. each, to heal lesions, or to cause the disappearance of surface organisms, in ten cases of primary or secondary syphilis, though a single subsequent injection of arsphenamin invariably brought about prompt healing. The power of tissue penetrability possessed by
Respiratory Failure in Cancer Patients
Authors: Richard M. Snow
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A review of 180 cancer patients requiring mechanical ventilation disclosed that 26% survived to extubation, and 13% and 7% were alive at two and six months, respectively. Mortality was related to several factors individually and the cumulative number of organ systems dysfunctioning in a given patient. Compared with general intensive care patients, those with respiratory failure and neoplastic disease demonstrated a high incidence of drug-induced pulmonary disease, hematologic abnormalities, pneumothorax, and infections with multiple and unusual organisms--all of which alter the approach to management. Although the long-term survival was poor, immediate survival was comparable with that of many groups of patients with respiratory failure.
Successful late reperfusion by primary angioplasty reduces risk of mechanical complication in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Daisaku Nakatani, Hiroshi Sato, Kunihiro Kinjo, Hiroya Mizuno, Yozo Ohnishi, Eiji Hishida, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Occult Aortic Arch Mycotic Aneurysm Diagnosed by Radiogallium Scintigraphy
Authors: S TZILA ZWAS, MORDECHAI LORBERBOYM, MICHAEL SHECHTER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Aortic arch mycotic aneurysm, an uncommon cause of sepsis, carries a grave prognosis. Clinical presentations as well as laboratory and radiologic examinations may be noncontributory and often misleading. In a patient with a fever of unknown origin, only the radiogallium study could enable an accurate diagnosis and pinpoint the anatomic localization of the mycotic aneurysm as the cause of fever.
A NOTE ON THE USE OF B.I.P. AFTER BONE-GRAFTING
Authors: H. S. Brander
Journal: BMJ (1917)

mesocolon was oe(lematous.The gall bladder was atrophied to a fibrous cord and apparently contained some calculi.The peritoneal cavity contained a fair quantity of blood-stained iluid; so far as could be made out, the rest of the abdominal organs were normal.The whole condition looked hopeless, and, as the patient was seemingly at the point of death, I rapidly closed the wouind in the endeavour to get her off the operatioln table alive.She pwas removed to the ward, placed in the Fowler position,
Metastatic Insulinoma with Long Survival and Glucagonoma Syndrome
Authors: Catherine M. D'arcangues, Sissay Awoke, George D. Lawrence
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

In 1966, during cholecystectomy for cholecystolithiasis, a 56-year-old man was found to have islet-cell carcinoma metastatic to the liver; his fasting serum glucose level was normal. In 1971, he developed peptic ulcer disease and symptoms of fasting hypoglycemia; inappropriate secretion of insulin was shown. His primary pancreatic tumor was removed in 1973. During the next 9 years, his liver metastases continued to grow and his fasting serum glucose level was maintained at 35 to 116 mg/dL with diazoxide and hydrochlorothiazide therapy. In 1982, he developed clinical evidence of the glucagonoma syndrome, with glucagon levels between 4000 and 11 000 pg/mL. Since then, his fasting serum glucose level has been maintained at 58 to 119 mg/dL without medication. This patient has survived 17 years with a malignant insulinoma and without islet-cell chemotherapy. His course shows that malignant insulinomas may secrete other peptide hormones that can induce various clinical syndromes.
RECOVERY OF PLATELET FUNCTION FOLLOWING DISCONTINUATION OF PRASUGREL OR CLOPIDOGREL MAINTENANCE DOSING IN ASPIRIN-TREATED SUBJECTS WITH STABLE CORONARY DISEASE: THE RECOVERY TRIAL
Authors: Matthew J. Price, Douglas K. Logan, James S. Walder, Brian A. Baker, Darell E. Heiselman, Joseph A. Jakubowski, Kenneth J. Winters, Wei Li, Dominick J. Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effect of fasting on organic anion uptake by isolated rat liver cells
Authors: Yannick Laperche, Anne-Marie Preaux, Gerard Feldmann, Jean-Louis Mahu, Pierre Berthelot
Journal: Hepatology (1981)

In order to determine if the delayed clearance of organic anions observed in vivo after fasting can be related to an alteration of cell membrane carriers, kinetics of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) uptake were determined in isolated rat liver cells obtained from 48-hr starved rats. Surprisingly, in fasted rats the existence of two carriers can be directly revealed by classical kinetic plots. The high-affinity component, inhibited by Na+-taurocholate, has a Km of 0.5 +/- 0.2 microM and a Vmax of 0.2 +/- 0.1 nmole per min per 10(6) cells; the low-affinity component, which is not sensitive to Na+-taurocholate, has a Km of 21.2 +/- 3.2 microM and a Vmax of 4.8 +/- 0.9 nmoles per min per 10(6) cells. Comparison with control cells shows that fasting does not modify the total capacity of the liver cell membrane carriers to take up BSP. However, alterations in the kinetic parameters of the two uptake components were observed: a 53% decrease in the affinity of the low-affinity component and a 50% reduction in the capacity of the high-affinity uptake. These alterations, together with the observed decrease in hepatic blood flow and/or the increase in BSP efflux from the hepatocytes, could be involved in the delayed clearance of BSP and other anionic compounds occurring in vivo after fasting.
Autoimmune LKM1 targets CYP2D6 on the plasmamembrane of isolated rat hepatocytes: a confocal study
Authors: L. Muratori, M. Parola, A. Ripalti, M. Lenzi, G. Bellomo, R. Carini, MP. Landini, E. Albano, FB. Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Three wee kings
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Our local primary school is within easy walking distance, and for years my day started with a stroll up the street and across the playground, hand in hand with one or other of our sons. They were eager, happy to get there and go in. It was their world—colourful, intricate, and separate—and after only a few weeks they entered it confidently. And as their confidence grew each one in turn felt free to dismiss his parental escort further and further from the classroom door.

That was fine by me. Primary schools are uneasy places for grown ups. Clumsy intruders on an unfamiliar, self sufficient community, they are far too big for …
THE PART PLAYED BY FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS IN THE PATHOLOGY OF THE STOMACH
Authors: JACOB KAUFMANN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Views regarding the pathology of the stomach are much unsettled at present. A pronounced conflict is particularly evident in the widely differing valuation of disorders of the gastric function. This proves all the more confusing because for the last forty years functional disturbances have held the central position in the discussion of gastric diseases. An entire gastric pathology was built on the knowledge of these functional disturbances, after its foundation-stone was laid by Kussmaul when he introduced the stomach-tube. Up to that time, in accordance with the prevalent tendency of the period, the pathology of the stomach had been exclusively pathology of structure. It was confined to the study of anatomic changes, of such lesions as ulcer, cancer, syphilis, tuberculosis, malformations, the different forms of gastritis, etc. The descriptive anatomy of these findings does not yield any information as to the functional activity of the viscus. It was the use
Bile acid transport and regulating functions in the human biliary epithelium
Authors: Nicolas Chignard, Martine Mergey, Danielle Veissière, Rolland Parc, Jacqueline Capeau, Raoul Poupon, Annick Paul, Chantal Housset
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Whether bile acids regulate biliary epithelial cell (BEC) secretory functions in human is poorly known. The purpose of the study was to determine if human gallbladder-derived BEC exhibit bile acid transport activity that affect their secretory functions and to evaluate the influence of bile acid hydrophobicity in this response by comparing the effects of tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) and of taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC). Expression of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) and of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP-A) was detected and associated with sodium-dependent and sodium-independent [(3)H]taurocholate uptake in BEC. Sodium-dependent uptake (K(m), 66 +/- 2.5 micromol/L; Vmax, 39.4 +/- 4.6 pmol/mg protein/min) was significantly higher than sodium-independent uptake. TCDC stimulated Cl(-) efflux and mucin secretion in cultured cells, and both effects were sodium-dependent. Both TCDC and TUDC were efficiently transported in BEC, as assessed by competitive uptake experiments. However, as compared with TCDC, TUDC induced significantly lower mucin secretion whereas there was no significant difference between TCDC- and TUDC-induced chloride efflux. Protein kinase C down-regulation caused a 70% reduction in TUDC-induced mucin secretion, but did not affect TCDC-induced secretion, which was mediated predominantly by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation. These results provide evidence that bile acids may be transported mainly via ASBT in human gallbladder BEC and stimulate hydroelectrolytic and mucin secretion in these cells. Individual bile acids activate different signaling pathways leading to a different balance between mucin and chloride secretion. The differential effect of TUDC may cause a reduction in bile inspissation and provide a benefit in biliary disorders.
PROGRESS OR RETROGRESS
Authors: HENRY A. CHRISTIAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Editorials1 February 1934PROGRESS OR RETROGRESSHENRY A. CHRISTIAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.HENRY A. CHRISTIAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-7-8-1048_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPhysicians can be divided into two great groups, those that are learning and those that are forgetting, those that each year know more, and those that each year know less. There seems no third group, those that are stationary.A few physicians increase in knowledge from within and grow from their own doing. These are the innate investigators. The rank and file require outside help to grow and to progress. Books, meetings, contacts, discussions, teachers, are our armamentarium for progress. Like the "spring tonic" of past days, all of us need some of this medicine, at least annually, better if... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1934Volume 7, Issue 8Page: 1048-1048 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...
117 PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF NK CELL PHENOTYPE IN RECURRENT HCV INFECTION AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANT
Authors: S. Varchetta, B. Oliviero, F. Donato, F. Agnelli, G. Rossi, C. Rigamonti, M. Colombo, E. Paudice, D. Mavilio, M.U. Mondelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
The spectrum of allergenic pollens in Italy A computerized method of aerobiological monitoring
Authors: G. D'Amato, A. Lobietti, P. Mandrioli, A. Moro, C. Spediacci, A. Tursi
Journal: Allergy (1988)

The monitoring of airborne pollens that provoke allergy is of interest to clinicians to enable them to correlate chronologically the relationship between pollen concentrations in the atmosphere and the symptoms of patients with pollen-related allergies. In Italy there are now 60 centres for monitoring airborne allergenic pollens, the data from which are compiled and filed using software developed by the Italian Association of Aerobiology (AIA) and run on personal computers. These data are then fed into a central data bank to which all centres have access. This information system makes it possible to achieve the following objectives: 1) to standardise monitoring methods, 2) to recognise varieties of pollen that cause allergies, 3) to improve the exchange and comparison of information among operators by compiling the results in graphs, and 4) to notify clinicians about atmospheric concentrations of allergenic pollens so that improved therapy can be provided.
Reviews and Notes: Adolescent Medicine: AMA Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS): Recommendations and Rationale
Authors: Laura S. Sadowski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 July 1994Reviews and Notes: Adolescent Medicine: AMA Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS): Recommendations and RationaleLaura S. SadowskiLaura S. SadowskiUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7110.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-1-199407010-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail AMA Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS): Recommendations and RationaleArthur B. Elster and Naomi J. Kuznets. 191 pages. Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore; 1994. $29.00.The arrival of these preventive services guidelines for adolescents is timely, as the nation considers what should be included in the comprehensive health care of various groups. But more importantly, these guidelines are immediately useful to physicians and other health professionals who provide ambulatory health care for adolescents.These guidelines were developed by a national scientific advisory board and the American Medical Association. Because the authors use recent developments in adolescent health research, the guidelines ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Laura S. SadowskiAffiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7110. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1994Volume 121, Issue 1 Page: 79 Keywords Adolescent medicine Adolescents Behavior Falls Health care Health screening Research reporting guidelines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Radicalisation is a public health problem that needs to discussed to be prevented, says psychiatrist
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Radicalisation of British Muslims to commit acts of terrorism is a public health issue in the same way as teenage pregnancy and drug addiction: a problem of society and health that needs to be “destigmatised” and talked about more openly so as to prevent it, an expert has said.

Kamaldeep Bhui, professor of cultural psychiatry and epidemiology and a consultant psychiatrist at Queen Mary University of London, has argued that terrorist acts have several health implications because they lead to death, illness, injury, and psychological consequences for survivors, witnesses, and people who lose relatives and friends. Terrorism can also divide communities and raise fears about safety.

A survey of 608 British adult Muslims from east London and Bradford by Bhui and colleagues, published in PLoS One , found that 2.4% showed some sympathy for violent protest and terrorist acts, with women …
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Randomized Trial of Atorvastatin for Reduction of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Results of the ARMYDA-3 (Atorvastatin for Reduction of Myocardial Dysrhythmia After Cardiac Surgery) Study”
Authors: Giuseppe Patti, Massimo Chello, Dario Candura, Andrea D’Ambrosio, Elvio Covino, Germano Di Sciascio, Vincenzo Pasceri
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Aflatoxins and kwashiorkor: a study in Sudanese children.
Authors: R G Hendrickse, J B Coulter, S M Lamplugh, S B Macfarlane, T E Williams, M I Omer, G I Suliman
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Blood and urine samples from 252 Sudanese children were investigated for their aflatoxin content by high-performance liquid chromatography. The children comprised 44 with kwashiorkor, 32 with marasmic kwashiorkor, 70 with marasmus, and 106 age-matched, normally nourished controls. Aflatoxins were detected more often and at higher concentrations in sera from children with kwashiorkor than in the other malnourished and control groups. Aflatoxicol, a metabolite of aflatoxins B1 and B2, was detected in the sera of children with kwashiorkor and marasmic kwashiorkor but not in the controls and only once in a marasmic child. The difference between children with kwashiorkor or marasmic kwashiorkor and those in the control or marasmus groups was significant. Urinary aflatoxin was most often detected in children with kwashiorkor but their mean concentration was lower than in the other groups. Aflatoxicol was not detected in urine in any group. These findings suggest either that the children with kwashiorkor have a greater exposure to aflatoxins or that their ability to transport and excrete aflatoxins is impaired by the metabolic derangements associated with kwashiorkor. The presence of aflatoxicol in the sera of children with kwashiorkor but not in the others suggests a difference in metabolism between the two groups. Further studies are needed, and measurement of aflatoxins in the food eaten by these children is already underway.