tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Natural and Manmade Disasters and Mental Health
Authors: David Satcher, Sharon Friel, Ruth Bell
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Percent Emphysema, Airflow Obstruction, and Impaired Left Ventricular Filling
Authors: R. Graham Barr, David A. Bluemke, Firas S. Ahmed, J. Jeffery Carr, Paul L. Enright, Eric A. Hoffman, Rui Jiang, Steven M. Kawut, Richard A. Kronmal, João A.C. Lima, Eyal Shahar, Lewis J. Smith, Karol E. Watson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease causes cor pulmonale with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance and secondary reductions in left ventricular filling, stroke volume, and cardiac output. We hypothesized that emphysema, as detected on computed tomography (CT), and airflow obstruction are inversely related to left ventricular end-diastolic volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output among persons without very severe lung disease.We measured left ventricular structure and function with the use of magnetic resonance imaging in 2816 persons who were 45 to 84 years of age. The extent of emphysema (expressed as percent emphysema) was defined as the percentage of voxels below -910 Hounsfield units in the lung windows on cardiac computed tomographic scans. Spirometry was performed according to American Thoracic Society guidelines. Generalized additive models were used to test for threshold effects.Of the study participants, 13% were current smokers, 38% were former smokers, and 49% had never smoked. A 10-point increase in percent emphysema was linearly related to reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (-4.1 ml; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.3 to -4.9; P<0.001), stroke volume (-2.7 ml; 95% CI, -2.2 to -3.3; P<0.001), and cardiac output (-0.19 liters per minute; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.23; P<0.001). These associations were of greater magnitude among current smokers than among former smokers and those who had never smoked. The extent of airflow obstruction was similarly associated with left ventricular structure and function, and smoking status had similar modifying effects on these associations. Percent emphysema and airflow obstruction were not associated with the left ventricular ejection fraction.In a population-based study, a greater extent of emphysema on CT scanning and more severe airflow obstruction were linearly related to impaired left ventricular filling, reduced stroke volume, and lower cardiac output without changes in the ejection fraction.
The Danger of High Compliance Balloons for Esophageal Dilatation in Achalasia
Authors: R. Rabinovici, E. Katz, E. Goldin, Y. Kluger, A. Ayalon
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

High compliance balloons, commonly used for pneumatic dilatation of achalasia patients, theoretically subject the widened esophageal wall, proximal to the narrow zone, to increased pressure, and subsequently to a higher risk of perforation. The new type of inelastic cylindrically shaped balloons, such as the Gruntzig-type and Rigiflex Achalasia Dilator, seems to be safer, since it increases esophageal wall tension in the stenotic zone only. The purpose of this study was to present a pathophysiological consideration of this assumption, together with two cases which support it.
AGEs activate mesangial TGF-β–Smad signaling via an angiotensin II type I receptor interaction
Authors: Kei Fukami, Seiji Ueda, Sho-Ichi Yamagishi, Seiya Kato, Yosuke Inagaki, Masayoshi Takeuchi, Yoshihiro Motomiya, Richard Bucala, Shuji Iida, Kiyoshi Tamaki, Tsutomu Imaizumi, Mark E. Cooper, Seiya Okuda
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
PaperChase: A Computer Program to Search the Medical Literature
Authors: Gary L. Horowitz, Howard L. Bleich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Abstract This report describes PaperChase, a computer program that permits users to search medical literature by author's name, journal of publication, title word, or medical subject heading (MeSH term), as indexed by the National Library of Medicine. PaperChase was installed in the medical library of Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, with a data base of 400,000 references — nearly all the articles shelved there. During the first year of operation, 1032 medical students, house officers, practicing physicians, and other library users, without formal instruction or user's manual, conducted 8459 searches and displayed 399,821 references, 97,769 of which they selected for printing. Among users who conducted an initial search, 49 per cent returned to complete five or more searches, and 14 per cent returned to complete 20 or more. The large number of satisfied users and the low installation and operating costs suggest that PaperChase could be a valuable means of providing widespread computerized bibliographic retrieval. (N Engl J Med. 1981; 305:924–30.)
RIGHT VENTRICULAR MECHANICAL DISPERSION PREDICTS MALIGNANT ARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Sebastian I. Sarvari, Kristina H. Haugaa, Ole-Gunnar Anfinsen, Otto A. Smiseth, Jan P. Amlie, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Some Problems With Drug Admixtures
Authors: Howard I. Weinstein
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  The medical news item ( 198 , Oct 31, 1966, adv p 37) concerning adverse effects produced by mixing local anesthetics, points up a recurring problem of the Food and Drug Administration.  From time to time we receive inquiries as to why the FDA does not require the manufacturers of injectables to indicate in their brochures the various other parenterals with which they can be mixed and, conversely, those with which they are incompatible.  As your item points out, mixtures of drugs may have effects which are quite different from those which would be anticipated from the actions of the individual ingredients.  Drug products are tailored specifically to provide definite chemical and biological effects. Admixture of two or more of these drug products may cause physical, chemical, and biological changes, resulting in drug incompatabilities with the possibility of toxic or inert substances being administered to the patient. For these
Psychological medicine. Organic illness.
Authors: R A Wood
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Many patients have problems which are not exclusively medical or psychiatric but a mixture of both.It is specially important to remember this when taking a history.Otherwise physicians and psychiatrists run the risk of missing the diseases that fall within each others' province.Organic Brain Syndromes Amnesia, dementia, and confusion have areas of overlap that can be ciarified in the individual by a full history from patient and relatives, along with the observations and comments of trained staff who have been looking after the patient.The information that is needed can be summarized thus: (a) Orientation in time and space.(b) Memory for recent and past personal events.(c) Memory for recent and past general events.(d) Attitude and behaviour in the ward or clinic.(e) Mood, activities, sleep pattern.Confusional states are characterized by loss of immediate memory, which in an unfamiliar setting inevitably involves disorientation.After recovery there is no recollection of the episode, and overall mental function may prove to be normal.It is, then, an acute reversible situation.Dementia is a composite of intellectual decline, loss of memory, and personality de- terioration.It is usually, but not always, of slow onset and represents severe, generalized, cortical damage.Amnesia does not necessarily mean that dementia is present; some quite specific acute amnesic syndromes occur in a relatively pure form.
Can genetic variations predict HCV treatment outcomes?
Authors: Nazia Selzner, Ian McGilvray
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a huge problem both globally and at the level of the individual patient. Part of the problem relates to the fact that the current standard of care treatment for HCV, combination pegylated interferon-alpha (PegIFNα) and ribavirin (Rib), is expensive, associated with significant side effects, and results in only a 50% rate of sustained virological response (SVR). Predicting the likelihood of response to treatment prior to initiating therapy (or soon after starting therapy) would be very useful [1].
Oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes.
Authors: T A Lehman, R Reddel, A M Peiifer, E Spillare, M E Kaighn, A Weston, B I Gerwin, C C Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The functional role of oncogenes in human lung carcinogenesis has been investigated by transfer of activated oncogenes into normal cells or an immortalized bronchial epithelial cell line, BEAS-2B. Transfection of v-Ha-ras, Ki-ras, or the combination of myc and raf into BEAS-2B cells produced tumorigenic cell lines, while transfection of raf or myc alone produced nontumorigenic cell lines. In addition to studying the pathogenic role of oncogenes, we are attempting to define negative growth-regulating genes that have tumor-suppressive effects for human lung carcinomas. Our strategy to identify tumor-suppressor genes involves loss of heterozygosity studies, monochromosome-cell fusion, and cell-cell fusion studies. Loss of heterozygosity studies have revealed consistent allelic DNA sequence deletions on chromosome 17p in squamous cell carcinomas, while large cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas retained this locus. Mutations in p53, a tumor-suppressor gene located on chromosome 17p, have been observed. Cell-cell hybrid clones produced from fusion of nontumorigenic BEAS-2B cells with tumorigenic HuT292DM cells generally are nontumorigenic. The mechanistic role of the known tumor-suppressor genes Rb-1 and p53 in the development of human lung carcinomas is being investigated in this epithelial cell model of human bronchogenic carcinogenesis.
Specific binding of endocrine transforming growth factor-beta 1 to vascular endothelium.
Authors: K Dickson, A Philip, H Warshawsky, M O'Connor-McCourt, J J Bergeron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The presentation of recombinant biologically active 125I-TGF-beta 1 via the bloodstream to potential target cells in mice and rats was evaluated by quantitative light and electron microscope radioautography. Specificity was evaluated by in vivo competition with excess unlabeled TGF-beta 1, and integrity of the ligand at the binding site was demonstrated by trichloroacetic acid precipitation after extraction from tissues. The distribution of radiolabel at 2.5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after 125I-TGF-beta 1 injection revealed radiolabel principally over microvasculature endothelium but at times > 2.5 min over endothelial endocytic components indicative of internalization. Nonspecific binding of 125I-TGF-beta 1 to the apex of the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney indicated it as the likely site of rapid clearance of TGF-beta 1 from the circulation, while a comparison of the binding of 125I-TGF-beta 1 (endothelial) to that of 125I-TGF-beta 1 complexed with alpha 2-macroglobulin-methylamine (liver parenchyma) indicated that clearance of TGF-beta 1 complexed alpha 2-macroglobulin was likely via the hepatic alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor. The endothelial TGF-beta receptors uncovered here are likely involved in the local regulatory mechanism of leukocyte and monocyte adhesion and tissue infiltration regulated by endocrine TGF-beta 1.
Comparative Outcomes of Elderly Stage I Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Segmentectomy via Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery versus Open Resection
Authors: Cardinale B. Smith, Minal Kale, Grace Mhango, Alfred I. Neugut, Dawn L. Hershman, John P. Mandeli, Juan P. Wisnivesky
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Trim32 Facilitates Degradation of MYCN on Spindle Poles and Induces Asymmetric Cell Division in Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Hideki Izumi, Yasuhiko Kaneko
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is a physiologic process during development and tissue homeostasis. ACD produces two unequal daughter cells: one has stem/progenitor cell activity and the other has potential for differentiation. Recent studies showed that misregulation of the balance between self-renewal and differentiation by ACD may lead to tumorigenesis in Drosophila neuroblasts. However, it is still largely unknown whether human cancer stem–like cells exhibit ACD or not. Here, using human neuroblastoma cells as an ACD model, we found that MYCN accumulates at spindle poles by GSK-3β phosphorylation during mitosis. In parallel, the ACD-related ubiquitin ligase Trim32 was recruited to spindle poles by CDK1/cyclin B–mediated phosphorylation. Trim32 interacted with MYCN at spindle poles during mitosis, facilitating proteasomal degradation of MYCN at spindle poles and inducing ACD. Trim32 also suppressed sphere formation of neuroblastoma-initiating cells, suggesting that the mechanisms of ACD produce differentiated neuroblastoma cells that will eventually die. Thus, Trim32 is a positive regulator of ACD that acts against MYCN and should be considered as a tumor-suppressor candidate. Our findings offer novel insights into the mechanisms of ACD and clarify its contributions to human tumorigenesis. Cancer Res; 74(19); 5620–30. ©2014 AACR.
Radiographic and Clinical Characterization of False Negative Results from CT-Guided Needle Biopsies of Lung Nodules
Authors: Brian D. Gelbman, Mathew D. Cham, Won Kim, Daniel M. Libby, James P. Smith, Jeffrey L. Port, Nasser K. Altorki, Claudia I. Henschke, David F. Yankelevitz
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Zinc: health effects and research priorities for the 1990s.
Authors: C T Walsh, H H Sandstead, A S Prasad, P M Newberne, P J Fraker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

This review critically summarizes the literature on the spectrum of health effects of zinc status, ranging from symptoms of zinc deficiency to excess exposure. Studies on zinc intake are reviewed in relation to optimum requirements as a function of age and sex. Current knowledge on the biochemical properties of zinc which are critical to the essential role of this metal in biological systems is summarized. Dietary and physiological factors influencing the bioavailability and utilization of zinc are considered with special attention to interactions with iron and copper status. The effects of zinc deficiency and toxicity are reviewed with respect to specific organs, immunological and reproductive function, and genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Finally, key questions are identified where research is needed, such as the risks to human health of altered environmental distribution of zinc, assessment of zinc status in humans, effects of zinc status in relation to other essential metals on immune function, reproduction, neurological function, and the cardiovascular system, and mechanistic studies to further elucidate the biological effects of zinc at the molecular level.
Morphological and molecular characterization of novel population of CXCR4+ SSEA-4+ Oct-4+ very small embryonic-like cells purified from human cord blood – preliminary report
Authors: M Kucia, M Halasa, M Wysoczynski, M Baskiewicz-Masiuk, S Moldenhawer, E Zuba-Surma, R Czajka, W Wojakowski, B Machalinski, M Z Ratajczak
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
A collaborative resource to build consensus for automated left ventricular segmentation of cardiac MR images
Authors: Avan Suinesiaputra, Brett R. Cowan, Ahmed O. Al-Agamy, Mustafa A. Elattar, Nicholas Ayache, Ahmed S. Fahmy, Ayman M. Khalifa, Pau Medrano-Gracia, Marie-Pierre Jolly, Alan H. Kadish, Daniel C. Lee, Ján Margeta, Simon K. Warfield, Alistair A. Young
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2013)
Abnormal forearm vascular responses in the carcinoid syndrome: the role of kinisns and kinin-generating system.
Authors: D T Mason, K L Melmon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

effects of bradykinin, epinephrine, methoxamine, and reflex stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (cold pressor test) on a specific vascular bed, that of the forearm. The effects of these interventions on both the resistance and capacitance vessels were examined in normal subjects and carcinoid patients. In addition, an understanding of the pharmacodynamics of induced and spontaneous flushes was accomplished by the determination of tumor kallikrein and kinin peptide in arterial plasma and comparison of the levels of these substances with the circulatory changes observed.
985-67 Study of Pulmonary Perfusion Using Scintigraphy in Total or Partial By-pass of the Right Ventricle at Rest and with Exertion
Authors: Eduardo A. Kreutzer, Alberto H. Quilindro, Brent J. Barber, Beatriz Zarlenga, Nelda Batista, Mabel Niremberg, Cecilia Hoffman, Andres Schlichter, Jorge L. Simon, Guillermo O. Kreutzer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
111In OctreoScan SPECT-MRI Fusion for the Detection of a Pancreatic Insulinoma
Authors: Valeria M. Moncayo, Diego R. Martin, Juan M. Sarmiento, Blazej Zbytek, Tim Fox, David M. Schuster
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 72-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus presented with severe episodes of hypoglycemia, associated with diaphoresis and somnolence, for 1 year. Workup revealed high insulin and c-peptide. Given the clinical suspicion of an insulinoma, an MRI was performed, which demonstrated abnormal enhancement in the pancreatic head. An octreotide scan with combined single-photon emission computed tomography–computed tomography was performed and fused to the MR, which identified radiotracer uptake at the site of the MR enhancement, enabling precise localization of a pancreatic somatostatin receptor–avid tumor. The patient underwent tumor enucleation with pancreatojejunostomy, and pathologic tests confirmed an insulinoma.
Decreased intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (CD54) and L‐selectin (CD62L) expression on peripheral blood natural killer cells in asthmatic children with acute exacerbation
Authors: S.‐J. Lin, L.‐Y. Chang, D.‐C. Yan, Y.‐J. Huang, T.‐J. Lin, T.‐Y. Lin
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: The capacity of inflammatory cells to adhere involves an array of adhesion molecules, and is critical to the inflammatory responses seen in childhood asthma. We aimed to determine the changes of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and L‐selectin expressed on peripheral blood (PB) T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells in asthmatic children with acute exacerbation and after prednisolone therapy. Methods: Flow cytometric analysis was performed to determine the expression of ICAM‐1 (CD54) and L‐selectin (CD62L) on T (CD3 + ) cells and NK (CD3 – /CD56 + ) cells of PB from children with allergic asthma with acute exacerbation and in a stable condition after prednisolone therapy. Atopic subjects without asthma and age‐matched controls were also included for comparison. Results: Percentages of PB non‐CD3, CD56 + NK cells, but not CD3 + T cells, increased in asthmatic children with acute exacerbation, compared to those assessed in a stable condition after a course of prednisolone. However, significant decrease of ICAM‐1 ( P = 0.01) and L‐selectin ( P = 0.01) expression on PB NK cells, but not on T cells, were found in children with acute asthma compared to those in a stable condition. NK cells in children with acute asthma showed minimal expression of CD69 and CD25. Conclusions: Results suggests that either NK cells expressing ICAM‐1 and L‐selectin selectively migrated into inflamed lung tissues, or subsets of NK cells not expressing ICAM‐1/L‐selectin were expanded during acute exacerbation of childhood asthma.
Tubular structures in affected and normal skin in chronic discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus: electron microscopic studies
Authors: UWE-FRITHJOF HAUSTEIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Biopsy specimens of involved and clinically normal skin of thirty‐seven patients suffering from different forms of LE were examined ultrastructurally to determine the presence and distribution of tubular structures. They were localized in endothelial cells, histiocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, keratinocytes and in lymphocytes of the dermal infiltrates, and were mostly intracellular. A correlation was found between their frequency and the acuity of the lesions, but not with previous treatment of the disease, either with steroids or with chloroquine. The involved skin was affected in all cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and severe subacute and disseminated variants of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, but in only eleven of seventeen cases of the localized form. In clinically normal skin all specimens of SLE examined showed positive results, there were fewer positives in the subacute and the disseminated forms of CDLE and only one positive in localized CDLE. Hypotheses on the origin, nature and significance of the tubular structures are discussed. They are suspected to be unidentified virus particles rather than a reaction product of a virus infection.
Cardiomegaly in a Newborn Due to Placental Chorioangioma
Authors: P. F. Benson, M. C. Joseph
Journal: BMJ (1961)

JOURNALrate (90 mm./hour, Westergren).Ascitic fluid was haemor- rhagic, having a specific gravity of 1016 and 2.4 g. of protein per 100 ml.; cytological examination by Papanicolaou's technique revealed class I cells.Peritoneal biopsy disclosed an anaplastic malignant growth, some cells showing evidence of mucus secretion.Case 2.-A Hindu man aged 25 was admitted to hospital complaining of distension of the abdomen and anorexia for two months.His previous history did not reveal any- thing significant.Liver-function tests were slightly abnormal (T.T. 4 units, T.F.+) and the liver biopsy obtained by Vim Silverman needle confirmed the diagnosis of portal cirrhosis.Ascitic fluid had a specific gravity of 1020, 5.1 g. of protein per 100 ml., and 20 lymphocytes per c.mm.A peritoneal biopsy specimen revealed granulation tissue composed of epithelioid cells, giant cells, and caseation.Acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated in the peritoneal tissue section by Ziehl-Neelsen method of staining.Case 3.-A Mohammedan woman aged 20 was admitted to hospital complaining of loss of appetite, low-grade pyrexia, and loss of weight for 25 days.Her previous history did not reveal anything significant.Physical examination showed glandular enlargement in the left side of the neck and minimal ascites.A skiagram of the chest was normal.A follow-up barium-meal study revealed ileal stasis, and adherent terminal ileal loops which were tender.The peritoneal biopsy showed an accumulation of epithelioid cells arranged in a follicular pattern and the presence of caseation necrosis.Acid-fast bacilli could be demonstrated in the peritoneal tissue by the Ziehl-Neelsen method of staining.Case 4.-A Hindu woman aged 30 was admitted to hospital complaining of distension of the abdomen and weakness for two and a half months.Her previous history