tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4914: ABCB5 expression in colorectal cancer circulating tumor cells correlates with metastatic disease progression.
Authors: Qin Guo, Jie Ma, Brian J. Wilson, Martin Gasser, Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser, Markus H. Frank, Natasha Y. Frank
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Targeted personalized treatment approaches are critical for the development of successful therapies for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). In this regard, circulating tumor cells (CTC) are of foremost interest as potential predictors of metastatic disease progression and patient therapeutic response. We have previously demonstrated that ATP-binding cassette member B5 (ABCB5) is expressed by cancer stem cells (CSC) in several human malignancies, including CRC, and that ABCB5 identifies therapy-refractory tumor subpopulations in CRC patients that correlate with disease progression. In order to evaluate the potential role of ABCB5 as a clinically relevant CTC marker, we utilized a human-to-mouse xenograft model system to examine the relationship of ABCB5-positive CRC-CTC to CRC metastasis. Human CRC tumor cells were grafted subcutaneously into immunocompromized NSG mice. 7 weeks after xenotransplantation, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lungs were evaluated by qPCR for expression of human ABCB5 and GAPDH mRNAs. Expression analysis of these specimens revealed a significant positive correlation between peripheral blood human ABCB5 mRNA expression and aggregate metastatic disease load as determined by human GAPDH mRNA expression levels in lungs (r=0.8994, P=0.0147). Remarkably, no significant correlation existed between peripheral blood human GAPDH mRNA expression and metastatic disease load, indicating a unique and essential role of ABCB5-positive CSC-CTC in colorectal cancer metastatic disease progression. Significantly increased peripheral blood ABCB5 expression was also observed in a clinical series of UICC stages I-III colorectal cancer patients (n=105) compared to healthy controls (P&amp;lt;0.001). Thus, our results identify the CSC antigen ABCB5 as a novel molecular marker of metastasis-associated CRC-CTC and point to potential utility of ABCB5 as a prognostic indicator and predictor of therapeutic response in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Citation Format: Qin Guo, Jie Ma, Brian J. Wilson, Martin Gasser, Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser, Markus H. Frank, Natasha Y. Frank. ABCB5 expression in colorectal cancer circulating tumor cells correlates with metastatic disease progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4914. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4914
1023-92 Potential beneficial effects of transdermal capsaicine patches on the ischemic threshold in patients with stable coronary disease
Authors: Gabriele Fragasso, Altin Palloshi, Maria Luisa De Benedictis, PierMarco Piatti, Lucilla Monti, Emanuela Setola, Alberto Cappelletti, Alberto Margonato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
What Does Laboratory “Quality Control” Really Control?
Authors: Joseph S. Annino
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

In 1947 Belk and Sunderman1 presented the results of a study of the quality of performance of clinical laboratories. Since that time a plethora of papers have appeared in the medical and scientific literature verifying, amending and extrapolating the observations made in that publication. These studies differ from each other in approach, scope and statistical manipulation, but the conclusions, for the most part, are the same; clinical laboratory test results, unfortunately, are not always reliable. Another addition to the voluminous literature on this subject appears elsewhere in this issue of the Journal. One conclusion to be drawn from the . . .
Trust faces prosecution over death of patient who was given the wrong drug after birth of son
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

An English hospital trust is facing prosecution after one of its nurses died when an epidural anaesthetic was wrongly attached to an intravenous drip in her hand after childbirth.

An inquest in 2008 found that Mayra Cabrera had been unlawfully killed when a midwife at Great Western Hospital in Swindon wrongly attached a bag containing bupivacaine, which had been negligently stored, to the drip.

The inquest’s verdict, the first of unlawful killing against an NHS hospital trust, was, “Mayra Cabrera deceased …
Nephrogenic Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis
Authors: Brian J. Feldman, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Gabriel A. Vargas, Raymond G. Fenwick, Eric A. Huang, Mina Matsuda-Abedini, Robert H. Lustig, Robert S. Mathias, Anthony A. Portale, Walter L. Miller, Stephen E. Gitelman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a common cause of hyponatremia. We describe two infants whose clinical and laboratory evaluations were consistent with the presence of SIADH, yet who had undetectable arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels. We hypothesized that they had gain-of-function mutations in the V2 vasopressin receptor (V2R). DNA sequencing of each patient's V2R gene (AVPR2) identified missense mutations in both, with resultant changes in codon 137 from arginine to cysteine or leucine. These novel mutations cause constitutive activation of the receptor and are the likely cause of the patients' SIADH-like clinical picture, which we have termed "nephrogenic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis."
Measuring Psychotherapeutic Change with the Symptom Checklist SCL 90 R
Authors: Henning Schauenburg, Micha Strack
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1999)

Despite a long tradition of discussions on the evaluation of psychotherapy, there is still a lack of agreement for measuring change after psychological treatment. In this paper we describe the concept of statistical and clinical significance of change. We use the Symptom Checklist 90 R as a commonly administered instrument to propose conventions and cutoff points for psychological symptoms and their change after therapy.A German norm population and several psychotherapy samples have been aggregated to calculate cutoffs and confidence intervals (reliable change indices) for statistically and clinically significant changes after psychotherapy.The cutoff point between a 'functional' and a 'dysfunctional' population was calculated as C = 0.57 (Global Severity Index, GSI). Patients above this score need a change of at least RCI = 0.43 (GSI difference) for a statististically significant change. Below this score the RCI = 0.16. The use of multiple clinical groups (e.g. inpatients and outpatients) for a more realistic determination of a 'stepwise' clinically significant change, as proposed by Tingey et al. in the USA, is not possible in the German samples collected so far. Initial SCL 90-R scores in these groups do not show enough differences to call a move from one group to the other a clinically significant change.In the German samples investigated the move from a 'functional' to a 'dysfunctional' population and vice versa has to be taken as the criterion for a clinically significant change up to now.
A pilot study of endoscopic spray cryotherapy by pressurized carbon dioxide gas for Barrett's esophagus
Authors: H. Xue, H. Tan, W. Liu, X. Chen, N. Feng, Y. Gao, Y. Song, Y. Zhao, Z. Ge
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and study aims: Endoscopic spray cryoablation is a novel approach for the treatment of Barrett's esophagus. However, few studies have reported its efficacy, especially with the use of carbon dioxide (CO2). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the short term efficacy and complications using CO2 in endoscopic cryoablation of Barrett's esophagus.
Resolution of Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) Study
Authors: Frans J. Th. Wackers, Deborah A. Chyun, Lawrence H. Young, Gary V. Heller, Ami E. Iskandrian, Janice A. Davey, Eugene J. Barrett, Raymond Taillefer, Steven D. Wittlin, Neil Filipchuk, Robert E. Ratner, Silvio E. Inzucchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The purpose of this study was to assess whether the prevalence of inducible myocardial ischemia increases over time in patients with type 2 diabetes.Participants enrolled in the Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study underwent repeat adenosine-stress myocardial perfusion imaging 3 years after initial evaluation. Patients with intervening cardiac events or revascularization and those who were unable or unwilling to repeat stress imaging were excluded.Of the initial 522 DIAD patients, 358 had repeat stress imaging (DIAD-2), of whom 71 (20%) had ischemia at enrollment (DIAD-1). Of 287 patients with normal DIAD-1 studies, 259 (90%) remained normal in DIAD-2, whereas 28 (10%) developed new ischemia in DIAD-2. Of the 71 patients with abnormal DIAD-1 studies, 56 (79%) demonstrated resolution of ischemia, whereas 15 (21%) remained abnormal. During this 3-year interval, medical treatment was intensified, with more patients using statins, aspirin, and ACE inhibitors than at baseline. Patients with resolution of ischemia had significantly greater increases in these medications than patients who developed new ischemia (P = 0.04).Thus, the majority of asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes demonstrated resolution of ischemia upon repeat stress imaging after 3 years. This resolution was associated with more intensive treatment of cardiovascular risk factors.
Symptom and Quality of Life Benefit of Afatinib in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Previously Treated with Erlotinib or Gefitinib: Results of a Randomized Phase IIb/III Trial (LUX-Lung 1)
Authors: Vera Hirsh, Jacques Cadranel, Xiuyu Julie Cong, Diane Fairclough, Henrik W. Finnern, Robert M. Lorence, Vince A. Miller, Michael Palmer, James Chih-Hsin Yang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Treatment-Emergent Symptoms and the Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence in the NCIC CTG MA.27 Adjuvant Aromatase Inhibitor Trial.
Authors: V. Stearns, J. Chapman, C. Ma, M. Ellis, J. Ingle, K. Pritchard, G. Budd, M. Rabaglio, G. Sledge, A. Le Maitre, C. Elliott, L. Shepherd, P. Goss
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Analyses of adjuvant endocrine therapy suggest that the appearance of new vasomotor or joint symptoms within 3 months of initiating either tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitor therapy predict for lower subsequent recurrence. We hypothesized that new vasomotor or joint symptoms may predict outcomes with anastrozole or exemestane in participants in the ongoing NCIC CTG Trial MA.27. We performed a pooled analysis across treatment arms of the MA.27 trial, to examine the effects of early onset new or worsening symptoms on relapse-free survival (RFS).Methods: 7576 postmenopausal women with early breast cancer were accrued to MA.27, a randomized adjuvant trial of exemestane and anastrozole. The second interim analysis data with a 3 year median follow-up was used for this analysis. The trial's primary endpoint is event-free survival, but for this investigational analysis is RFS, which excludes non-breast cancer deaths. All 7118 participants known to be hormone receptor-positive who received trial therapy, and had no relapse in the first 3 months, were included. The association of vasomotor and joint symptoms with patient characteristics was examined with chi-square tests. Stratified log-rank and stratified univariate and multivariate Cox modeling were used to examine the association of early vasomotor and joint symptoms on disease outcomes.Results: Of 4749 women who were asymptomatic at baseline, 230 (5%) experienced vasomotor or joint symptoms at 3 months. The RFS stratified univariate Cox hazard ratio (HR) for vasomotor or joint-related symptoms was 1.184 (95% CI, 0.675-2.079). When all 7118 women were included, 361 (5%) developed new or worsening symptoms at 3 months. RFS was not statistically significant between the women with or without new symptoms (HR 1.129, 95% CI, 0.708-1.800). Higher T stage was the only factor included in the multivariate Cox RFS model that was associated with new or worsening symptoms (p&amp;lt;0.001).Conclusions: In contrast to prior findings, we did not observe a correlation between early emergence of symptoms and improved RFS. Longer follow-up and analysis by treatment arm and at different time points are required. Additional symptoms and time points will be added to the analysis prior to the meeting. Until further data are available, clinicians should not use treatment-emergent symptoms to counsel their patient whether to continue or change their prescribed medication. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 14.
Family planning prospects
Authors: C. Tranmer
Journal: BMJ (1975)

but the effect on glucose metabolismn of severe intoxication has not been reported.In rodents glucose appears to enhance the toxic effects of fenfluramine, which suggests that it is unlikely to have a therapeutic role in severe intoxication in humans.Although appetite suppressants cost the NHS over £2m in 1973, their efficacy in the long term remains somewhat dubious.Their dangers, however, even when in- dividually wrapped, continue to be demon- strated.
Letter: Prolactin studies, pituitary tumour, and reproductive function.
Authors: H Jacobs, S Franks
Journal: BMJ (1975)

25 laxative non-takers and 15 occasional laxative takers) and found values of 0 74 and 0 97 mg/ 100 ml [65-4 and 85 7 ,umol/l], respectively.It is a priori unlikely that the occasiomal intake of laxatives should cause renal impairment of a degree which elevates plasma creatinine.In view of the small difference the authors should have shown that both populations had a similar com- position at least with regard to sex but also with regard to duration and treatment of the rheumatoid arthritis.They explain the lack of analgesic nephropathy by the absence of regular laxative takers in their rheumatoid patients.A more likely explanation seems to be that aspirin alone rarely if ever causes analgesic nephropathy and that true phenacetin abuse seldom occurs in rheuma- toid arthritis.Only one of our 171 patients witih pYhenacetin abuse suffered from this disease.In summary, we think that the 10 patienits of Drs.Wainscoat and Finn were a mixture of aspirin, phenacetin, and laxative users and abusers but not a representative sample of patients with analgesic nephropathy.The latter assumption, however, is the basis of their argument.Hvpokalemia induced by laxatives may occasionally contribute to the renal damage caused by phenacetin, but our data do not suggest that this occurs frequentlv.-Weare, etc.,
HIV treatment and eradication in South Africa
Authors: G. J Kotwal
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

After going through a gloomy period of increased infections, no sign of affordable treatment for the majority of infected patients, no vaccines in human trials, denial that HIV causes AIDS and stigmatization of infected persons, Southern Africa, the epicentre of the AIDS pandemic,1 is in a state of renewed hope. We begin to think in terms of eradicating new infections and substantially reducing the fatality rate in those infected. What has changed? Clearly, the main reason for optimism is a drastic reduction by pharmaceutical companies in the price of antiretroviral drugs and the roll-out of treatment through Government support. A second is the initiation of a phase I trial to test vaccines that incorporate the antigens of Southern African HIV subtype C. A third is the increased empowerment of women, who through unequal and submissive relationships have often been deprived of choices in protecting themselves against the virus. Finally, in a limited number of groups in and around major cities of South Africa, antiretroviral treatment under ideal conditions—skilled clinical staff, appropriate infrastructure, monitoring of compliance and viral load—has achieved success rates very similar to those in Europe and the USA. This indicates that antiretroviral therapy can work in South Africa, though treatment centres especially in the rural areas will need to be greatly upgraded to meet the challenges.
Healers &amp; Heroes: Ordinary People in Extraordinary Times
Authors: Ann Klassen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes7 December 2004Healers & Heroes: Ordinary People in Extraordinary TimesAnn Klassen, PhDAnn Klassen, PhDFrom Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Healers & Heroes: Ordinary People in Extraordinary Times Cleaveland CM. 180 pages. Philadelphia: American Coll of Physicians; 2004. $35.71. ISBN: 1930513542. Order at www.acponline.org.Field of medicine: History, culture of medicine, and inspirational/motivational writing.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: General readership.Purpose: To present brief biographies of 12 individuals who showed outstanding courage in their lives, and to consider as a broader philosophical theme the nature of courage and heroism.Content: Each chapter introduces an individual who became known to the author through story or as a personal acquaintance. The author uses each individual's life story as an example of someone ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 December 2004Volume 141, Issue 11Page: 900KeywordsEmotionsHistory of medicineNursesPrevention, policy, and public healthRacial and ethnic discriminationSoftware tools ePublished: 7 December 2004 Issue Published: 7 December 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Procainamide infusion test: inability to identify patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who are potentially at risk of sudden death.
Authors: L Fananapazir, D L Packer, L D German, G S Greer, J J Gallagher, J C Pressley, E N Prystowsky
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Persistence of preexcitation in sinus rhythm with procainamide infusion has been reported to occur in patients with a short anterograde accessory pathway effective refractory period (AERPAP) and this test has been proposed as a reliable noninvasive method to identify patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who are at risk of sudden death. However, sudden death correlates best with a shortest preexcited RR interval during atrial fibrillation (SRRPE) of 260 msec or less. We infused 10 to 12 mg/kg procainamide to 56 patients to determine whether persistence or loss of preexcitation in sinus rhythm identified patients with SRRPEs of 260 or less or greater than 260 msec, respectively. Atrial fibrillation was induced in 53 patients. Of these, 32 patients had persistence of preexcitation with procainamide infusion and SRRPE in this group of patients was shorter than that in patients in whom preexcitation was lost (194 +/- 44 vs 235 +/- 55 msec, p less than .05). However, preexcitation persisted after procainamide infusion in only 31 of 46 (67%) patients with SRRPEs of 260 msec or less. Furthermore, 15 of 21 patients who lost preexcitation had SRRPEs of 260 msec or less and two of these patients had a history of ventricular fibrillation. The correlation between AERPAP and SRRPE was studied in a separate group of 79 patients with single accessory pathways. There was a significant (p less than .001) but poor (r = .58) correlation between these two variables. Thus, the procainamide test regarding accessory pathway refractoriness often cannot be extrapolated to SRRPE.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In-111 DTPA Ommaya Cisternography With Delayed Radiotracer Activity Demonstrated in the Peritoneal Cavity
Authors: Luke R. Scalcione, Douglas S. Katz, Paul J. Duic, Jai Grewal, Elizabeth Y. Yung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We report a case of a 61-year-old woman with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. The patient elected to have intrathecal chemotherapeutic treatment, and underwent surgical placement of an Ommaya reservoir. Before the administration of chemotherapy, In-111 diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) cisternography was performed, which demonstrated radiotracer activity within the peritoneal cavity at 24 hours. Radiotracer uptake has been previously reported along the spinal axis, hemithorax, and within bowel, all secondary to cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leaks. Radiotracer uptake has been noted very rarely in the peritoneal cavity, following radionuclide cisternography; a case of CSF leak and radiotracer uptake in the peritoneal cavity has previously been reported.
Walter B. Cannon, Science and Society
Authors: Robert J.T. Joy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 June 2001Walter B. Cannon, Science and SocietyRobert J.T. Joy, MDRobert J.T. Joy, MDUniformed Services University of Health Science, Bethesda, Maryland. (Joy)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-11-200106050-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Wolfe EL, Barger AC, Benison S. 644 pages. Boston: Harvard Univ Pr; 2000. $30.00. ISBN 0674002512. Order phone 800-448-2242.Field of medicine: Physiology and biography.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians and biological scientists who wish to understand the research and social involvement of an outstanding 20th-century physiologist.Purpose: To describe Walter Cannon's life from 1917 to 1945.Content: Walter Cannon (1871–1945) was arguably the leading American physiologist of the first half of the 20th century. As a medical student, he pioneered the use of contrast media in gastrointestinal radiology. Subsequently, he explored the actions of the adrenal medullary hormones and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Uniformed Services University of Health Science, Bethesda, Maryland. (Joy) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 June 2001Volume 134, Issue 11Page: 1086KeywordsAction potentialsArchivesComputer and information sciencesDiagnostic radiologyEmotionsHormonesScientistsShockSoftware tools ePublished: 5 June 2001 Issue Published: 5 June 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endosonography of Groove Pancreatitis
Authors: T. L. Tio, G. J. H. M. Luiken, G. N. J. Tytgat
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

Groove pancreatitis is a rare form of chronic pancreatitis. Distinction between pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma is often difficult. Two cases of groove pancreatitis diagnosed by endosonography are described. A hypoechoic pattern between the duodenal wall and pancreas was clearly imaged in both patients. Narrowing of the second part of the duodenum and evidence of bile duct obstruction were also found. The endosonographic diagnosis was confirmed either by surgery or follow-up examination.