tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN CARBON DIOXIDE TENSION AND HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION OF THE BLOOD FOLLOWING MULTIPLE PULMONARY EMBOLISM
Authors: Carl A. L. Binger, Richmond L. Moore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

1. The production of multiple emboli of the pulmonary capillaries and arterioles results in rapid and shallow breathing which may be associated with anoxemia, but is not dependent for its occurrence upon anoxemia. 2. Similarly there may occur an increase in the partial pressure of CO(2) in the blood as well as an increase in hydrogen ion concentration. 3. These changes must be regarded as the result of the impaired pulmonary function. 4. They are not, however, the cause of the rapid and shallow respirations, since the abnormal type of breathing may occur without the attendant blood changes. 5. The characteristic type of response to increase in CO(2) tension is an increased rather than a decreased depth of respiration.
Wilson's disease and pregnancy
Authors: Irmin Sternlieb
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

In a study appearing in this issue of HEPATOLOGY Brewer et al. present data on the results of pregnancies in 19 women treated with zinc acetate during 26 pregnancies, which resulted in 24 normal infants, 1 with a heart defect, and 1 microcephalic. 1 Based on these results the authors conclude that ''zinc is the optimal choice for the pregnant Wilson' s disease patients,'' although no data on outcomes of pregnancies in women with Wilson' s disease treated with other agents are given.Twenty-five years ago we reported on the outcomes of 29 pregnancies in 18 women treated with penicillamine giving birth to 29 normal infants. 2 Additional data were published by us 3 and by Walshe. 4Clearly, pregnancy in women with Wilson' s disease is safe and successful when treatment with a chelating drug is continued uninterruptedly.Since then, numerous reports regarding the outcomes of pregnancies in patients with Wilson' s disease confirm this statement (Table 1).Some of the therapeutic agents, namely dimercaprol, penicillamine, and trientine, chelate excess tissue copper, which is excreted via the urine.Zinc, in contrast, acts by inducing the synthesis of metallothionein, which sequesters copper in enterocytes and in hepatocytes.Unfortunately, no rigorously controlled, statistically valid study comparing the outcomes of various regimens has been performed and in all probability never will be.Penicillamine is the most widely used drug, frequently producing dramatic beneficial effects that enable many severely ill patients to return to normal, productive lives.Its long-term tolerance is demonstrated by patients who have remained asymptomatic by continuing to take their daily doses of penicillamine uninterruptedly for over 30 years!Trientine appears to be similarly effective based, however, on a more limited experience (Table 2).In the absence of controlled studies, we have pooled data concerning the results of pregnancy in women with Wilson' s disease receiving penicillamine or trientine: (1) Data of the National Center for the Study of Wilson' s Disease showed 26 women treated during 44 pregnancies in addition to the previously published cases, 2 for totals of 43 women treated with penicillamine during 71 pregnancies, and 4 women treated with trientine who delivered 6 normal babies.(2) Case reports from Medline showed 32 women treated with penicillamine and 2 with trientine during 43 pregnancies. (3)personal communication from
Breast Carcinoma Metastatic to the Uvea
Authors: Robert A. Catalano
Journal: JAMA (1990)

A 45-year-old woman with a 1-year history of adenocarcinoma of the breast, metastatic to axillary lymph glands and both lungs, presented with a chief complaint of decreasing visual acuity. Examination revealed a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/50 in each eye. Isolated yellow subretinal masses, several disc diameters in size, with overlying pigment dispersion and serous retinal detachments were present in both eyes. Each macula was similarly affected (Fig 1). A 57-year-old woman with a similar history presented with an amelanotic-appearing fluffy white mass in the temporal iris and an anterior chamber angle of her left eye, with seeding into the anterior chamber (Fig 2). Both women had developed metastases to the vascular layer of the eye, the uvea. The uvea consists of the choroid posteriorly and the iris and ciliary body anteriorly. Metastases from adenocarcinoma can occur in either location, but more commonly involve the choroid.<sup>1</sup> Metastatic carcinoma to
Case 91-1961
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. Kibbee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Presentation of Case First admission. A forty-four-year-old woman, gravida 8, para 8, entered the hospital because of vaginal bleeding. The patient had normal menstrual periods until two years previously, when they became irregular. On the day of entry a single episode of sudden, profuse vaginal bleeding occurred. The patient received an incomplete course of arsenical therapy seventeen years previously because of positive Hinton and Wassermann tests. Her intake of alcohol had been excessive for many years. An umbilical hernia appeared several months before admission, and she lost 17 pounds in weight during the six months before entry. There was . . .
The Introduction of Printing Into Italy
Authors: Norman B. Roberg
Journal: JAMA (1969)

By 1450 Gutenberg, in Mainz, had invented the essential of modern typography: the mechanical reduplication of movable metal type. There is general agreement about the dates when printing began in various cities: 1454 in Mainz, 1458 in Bamberg and Strassburg, 1465 in Subiaco, 1467 in Rome, 1469 in Venice and Paris, 1470 in Utrecht, and 1477 in Westminster. It seems natural that so important an invention should have spread rapidly but, when we look at the data, several questions arise. Why did so valuable a trade secret leave Mainz so early? Why in 1464 did three printers from Mainz— Konrad Schweinheim, Arnold Pannartz, and Ulrigh Hahn—cart their heavy printing presses over the Alps and the Apennines all the way to Rome? Why, once in Rome, did they then bring their presses (probably by ox cart) over mountainous roads to remote Subiaco, and there print the first books which were printed
Identification of Genes Potentially Involved in Rupture of Human Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Birgit C.G. Faber, Kitty B.J.M. Cleutjens, Ron L.J. Niessen, Petra L.J.W. Aarts, Wendy Boon, Andrew S. Greenberg, Peter J.E.H.M. Kitslaar, Jan H.M. Tordoir, Mat J.A.P. Daemen
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract— Although rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque is the major cause of acute vascular occlusion, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still poorly understood. In this study, we used suppression subtractive hybridization to make an inventory of genes that are differentially expressed in whole-mount human stable and ruptured plaques. Two libraries were generated, one containing 3000 clones upregulated and one containing 2000 clones downregulated in ruptured plaques. Macroarray analysis of 500 randomly chosen clones showed differential expression of 45 clones. Among the 25 clones that showed at least a 2-fold difference in expression was the gene of perilipin, upregulated in ruptured plaques, and the genes coding for fibronectin and immunoglobulin λ chain, which were downregulated in ruptured plaques. Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction analysis on 10 individual ruptured and 10 individual stable plaques showed a striking consistency of expression for the clones SSH6, present in 8 ruptured and 2 stable plaques, and perilipin, expressed in 8 ruptured plaques and completely absent in stable plaques. Localization studies of both perilipin mRNA and protein revealed expression in cells surrounding the cholesterol clefts and in foam cells of ruptured atherosclerotic plaques. No expression was observed in nondiseased artery, and only a few cells in the shoulder region of stable plaques tested positive for perilipin. In conclusion, this study shows that it is possible to identify genes that are differentially expressed in whole-mount stable or ruptured atherosclerotic plaques. This approach may yield several potential regulators of plaque destabilization.
Adherence to HAART: Africans Take Medicines More Faithfully than North Americans
Authors: Amir Attaran
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

In 2001, the chief of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Andrew Natsios, gave this justiﬁ cation to the US Congress for why the agency opposed giving antiretroviral therapy (ART) to Africans with HIV:“If we had [HIV medicines for Africa] today, we could not distribute them. We could not administer the program because we do not have the doctors, we do not have the roads, we do not have the cold chain...[Africans] do not know what watches and clocks are. They do not use western means for telling time. They use the sun. These drugs have to be administered during a certain sequence of time during the day and when you say take it at 10:00, people will say what do you mean by 10:00?” [1].Natsios was not the only policy maker to justify withholding ART from Africans on the basis that weak infrastructure, or patients’ inability to take tablets, would stymie adherence. Senior ofﬁ cials of the World Bank and Thai government said in
FAT NECROSIS OF THE KIDNEY.
Authors: JAMES R. GUTHRIE
Journal: JAMA (1903)

When we consider the rather superficial location of the kidney, its importance and the various pathologic changes to which it is liable, it is strange that for so long a time it eluded careful examination and escaped the surgeon's knife. In the past five years, however, the surgeon has made determined, successful efforts to make good that deficit. Fat necrosis in the tissues of the body is neither a new process nor a new discovery. It has long been recognized in the several tissues of the human body, notably in the abdomen, in the abdominal walls, in the subperitoneal fat, in omental structure and in the pancreas. For a long time it was supposed to be due to some form of pancreatic disease, but it is now well known to occur independently of any affection of that organ. The accepted physiologic view is that fat may be formed in both
Baroreflex Control of Heart Rate in a Canine Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: DINA BROOKS, RICHARD L. HORNER, JOHN S. FLORAS, LOUISE F. KOZAR, CAROLINE L. RENDER-TEIXEIRA, ELIOT A. PHILLIPSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

We have recently demonstrated the development of systemic hypertension in a canine model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but the underlying physiological mechanisms were not identified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of OSA on arterial baroreceptor control of heart rate (HR) in this canine model. OSA was produced in three dogs for 1 to 3 mo. Baroreflex control of HR was determined with graded infusions of vasoactive agents (phenylephrine and nitroprusside) administered over 30 to 60 s, during which steady-state systolic blood pressure (BP) and cardiac R-R interval responses were recorded. BP was measured with a permanently implanted arterial catheter and a telemetry system. Although, as previously reported, OSA resulted in increases in daytime (awake) mean BP of 6.0 to 26.8 mm Hg, there was no change in daytime baseline HR or in the slope of the systolic BP–R-R interval curve (p > 0.2). The findings demonstrate that OSA in the dog is associated with resetting of the baroreceptors to a higher pressure, but no change in baroreflex sensitivity.
Progressive lung disease in a malt-worker
Authors: G Hillerdal
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Progressive lung disease in a malt-worker Sir,-The case report described by Ellis and Friend in your July issue (Thorax 1981;36:552-4) is indeed unusual, particularly the granulomas found in the liver.I see in the article no note of tests of the leucocyte function.Since odd cases of the so-called chronic granulomatous disease of childhood can become manifest well into adult life without any remarkable history of earlier infections (
Morphology and Histochemistry of the Vascular Wall
Authors: Hartmann H. Friederici
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<b>Symposium on Electrical Activity and Innervation of Blood Vessels,</b>edited by W. R. Keatinge (held in Association with the Fourth European Conference on Microcirculation, Cambridge, 1966, Bibliotheca Anatomica, fasc 8), 78 pp, 34 illus, paper, sFr 22, $5, Basel, Switzerland and New York: S. Karger AG, 1967. A symposium on the normal vascular wall, held in 1965, had the purpose of providing a base line for the study of function and diseases of blood vessels. The various contributors, all European, are known as authorities in their respective fields. Ten papers (six in German, three in French, and one in English) describe features characterizing normal blood vessels, as studied by both light and electron microscopy, as well as the histochemical constitution. Arteries, capillaries, veins, and lymphatics are examined in turn. The effects of varying hydrostatic pressures as well as aging are mentioned, and functional implications discussed. Each account is detailed, thorough, and up to date
Infection with human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type I in patients attending an antenatal clinic in London.
Authors: J H Tosswill, A E Ades, C Peckham, P P Mortimer, J N Weber
Journal: BMJ (1990)

<h3>Abstract</h3> There is an increasing need for single cell omics data to be integrated across sources, types, and features of data. We present a deep clustering algorithm that learns discriminative representation for single-cell data via maximizing mutual information, SMILE (<b>S</b>ingle-cell <b>M</b>utual <b>I</b>nformation <b>Le</b>arning). SMILE successfully integrates multi-source single-cell transcriptome data and can also integrate single-cell ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, DNA methylation, and Hi-C data generated by the latest joint profiling technologies.
The ability to form intrastrand tetraplexes is an evolutionarily conserved feature of the 3' end of L1 retrotransposons
Authors: R. Howell, K. Usdin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

Mammalian genomes contain many thousands of members of a family of retrotransponsons known as L1 (or LINE-1) elements. These elements lack long terminal repeats (LTRs), and are thought to use a retroposition mechanism than differs from that of retroviruses and other LTR-containing retroelements. In order to define those regions of the L1 element that may be important for L1 retroposition, we examined the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of L1 elements from a diverse group of mammals. We show that while the 3' UTRs of L1 elements from different species share little if any sequence homology, they all contain a G-rich polypurine tract of variable length and sequence which can form one or more intrastrand tetraplexes. This conservation over the 100 Myr since the mammalian radiation suggests that either the G-rich motif itself or a conserved structure such as the tetraplex that can be formed by this motif is a significant structural feature of L1 elements and may play a role in their propagation.
Cortical evolution: No expansion without organization
Authors: Hans Supèr
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Aboitiz et al. describe a hypothesis on the origin of the isocortex. They propose the reptilian dorsal cortex to be the ancestral brain structure to the mammalian isocortex. But why did the dorsal cortex expand in mammals and not in reptiles? A change in development may have provided the mammalian cortex with the ability to organize and therefore the potential to expand.
Gitelman's Not-So-Benign Syndrome
Authors: Roman T. Pachulski, Fernando Lopez, Rashid Sharaf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: Gitelman's syndrome, or congenital hypokalemic hypomagnesemic hypocalciuria with metabolic alkalosis, is widely described as a benign1 or milder2 variant of Bartter's syndrome. Despi...
Postaortotomy Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Oscar B. Garfein
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Septicemia following prosthetic valve surgery often is assumed to represent infection involving the prosthesis. The source of persistent septicemia in a patient who had aortic valve replacement was not the valve, but the aortic suture line. While reoperation on an infected valve prosthesis is almost certain to result in failure, reoperation on extravalvular sources of sepsis may be successful.
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary embolism in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and common variable immunodeficiency: is there any link?
Authors: M A Valdivia-Arenas, N Sood
Journal: Thorax (2008)

We report the simultaneous occurrence of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary embolism in a patient with tetralogy of Fallot and common variable immunodeficiency. An explanation based on the pathogenesis of these diseases is proposed to explain this "unfortunate coincidence".
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli expresses a novel flagellin that causes IL-8 release from intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Ted S. Steiner, James P. Nataro, Celeste E. Poteet-Smith, Jeffrey A. Smith, Richard L. Guerrant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of acute and persistent diarrhea worldwide. EAEC infections are associated with intestinal inflammation and growth impairment in infected children, even in the absence of diarrhea. We previously reported that prototype EAEC strains rapidly induce IL-8 production by Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells, and that this effect is mediated by a soluble, heat-stable factor released by these bacteria in culture. We herein report the cloning, sequencing, and expression of this biologically active IL-8–releasing factor from EAEC, and its identification as a flagellin that is unique among known expressed proteins. Flagella purified from EAEC 042 and several other EAEC isolates potently release IL-8 from Caco-2 cells; an engineered aflagellar mutant of 042 does not release IL-8. Finally, cloned EAEC flagellin expressed in nonpathogenic E. coli as a polyhistidine-tagged fusion protein maintains its proinflammatory activity. These findings demonstrate a major new means by which EAEC may cause intestinal inflammation, persistent diarrhea, and growth impairment that characterize human infection with these organisms. Furthermore, they open new approaches for diagnosis and vaccine development. This novel pathogenic mechanism of EAEC extends an emerging paradigm of bacterial flagella as inflammatory stimuli.
Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries Associated with the Pre-excitation Syndrome
Authors: KENICHI NAKAJIMA, HISASHI BUNKO, NORIHISA TONAMI, KINCHI HISADA, KEIICHI MUKAI, TAKURO MISAKI, TAKASHI IWA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A case with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries associated with the pre-excitation syndrome is presented. A gated-blood-pool study and Tl- 201 myocardial imaging were performed using SPECT. The tomographic gated-blood-pool images showed the shapes of the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV), i.e., anatomically LV and RV respectively, to be reversed from that of normal patients. The relationships of the great vessels and ventricles also were easily visualized. RV hypertrophy (anatomical LV) was visualized on the TI-201 images. Phase analysis showed the earliest excitation was in the anteroseptal region near the base of the LV, which was consistent with the site of the accessory conduction pathway. The gated-blood-pool and TI-201 tomographic studies were helpful for demonstrating the corrected transposition of the great arteries and the pre-excitation syndrome.
951-73 Combined Antiplatelet Therapy without Anticoagulation: An Effective Alternative to Prevent Subacute Thrombosis After Coronary Stenting?A 3 Month Follow-up
Authors: Eric Van Belle, Eugène P. Mc Fadden, Christophe Bauters, Martial Hamon, Michel E. Bertrand, Jean-Marc Lablanche
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Polyethylene Catheter Embolism
Authors: KLAUS F. WELLMANN, ARTHUR REINHARD, EDGARDO P. SALAZAR
Journal: Circulation (1968)

A 62-year-old man died from tricuspid monilial endocarditis and systemic candidiasis associated with embolization to the right heart of a 36-cm fragment of one polyethylene catheter received in the venous system approximately one year earlier. Thirty-six additional cases of catheter embolism are reviewed and tabulated. In 17 of the 37 patients the catheter fragment had reached the right side of the heart, and in eight, a branch of the pulmonary artery. In six of 13 patients who died, catheter embolism was the exclusive or a major contributory cause of death. Measures designed to prevent the breakage and embolization of polyethylene tubes and to facilitate their retrieval in case of loss are discussed. If a catheter fragment has been lost into the venous system, it should be located and removed at once. Monilial endocarditis and systemic candidiasis are briefly reviewed. The reported case is the first in which these entities have been associated with catheter embolism to the heart, and the fourth in which monilial endocarditis affected the tricuspid valve.
Reperfusion injury after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: E. D Grech, M. J Jackson, D. R Ramsdale
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The restoration of oxygenated blood to ischaemic myocardium—reperfusion—halts the process leading to infarction. Early reperfusion is the only way to prevent progression to myocardial necrosis and thus to limit the size of the infarct. It may also, however, injure the heart. This paradox has become clinically important with the advent of thrombolytic treatment and primary coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Several studies have shown that there are three main components of reperfusion injury: reperfusion arrhythmias, myocardial stunning, and lethal myocyte injury.

Sixty years ago Tennant and Wiggers recognised that the reintroduction of blood flow could cause arrhythmias.1 In animal experiments arrhythmias may occur within seconds of the onset of reflow.2 In humans reperfusion arrhythmias are commonly associated with intracoronary thrombolytic treatment3 and primary coronary angioplasty.4 5 They may be less common after intravenous thrombolytic treatment,6 and in these circumstances it has been proposed that they pose no additional threat to life.7 The disparity may, however, be related to the rate of recanalisation. Yamazaki et al showed that in dogs sudden reperfusion was more likely to be associated with a high frequency of arrhythmias than was staged reperfusion.8 In a randomised clinical study comparing intravenous thrombolytic treatment with primary coronary angioplasty, ventricular fibrillation was significantly more common in the angioplasty group (6.7% v 2.0%).4 These studies provided angiographic …
Positive Alpha-Fetoglobulin in a Case of Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Michael Kozower, Karim A. Fawaz, Harry M. Miller, Marshall M. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

ALPHA-fetoglobulin is a protein found in the serum of many patients with a primary hepatoma and in occasional patients with primitive gonadal tumors. Its presence in gastrointestinal cancers is not generally appreciated.1 2 3 4Case ReportA 69-year-old man was admitted to the New England Medical Center Hospitals with increasing epigastric pain and anorexia of several months' duration. Six months earlier, a transurethral prostatic resection had been performed for symptoms of prostatism. The resected specimens showed prostatic adenocarcinoma.On physical examination, multiple spider angiomas were present on the fingers and lips. The liver was firm, hard and grossly enlarged. The stool guaiac . . .
CD74 induces TAp63 expression leading to B-cell survival
Authors: Frida Lantner, Diana Starlets, Yael Gore, Liat Flaishon, Ayala Yamit-Hezi, Rivka Dikstein, Lin Leng, Richard Bucala, Yossy Machluf, Moshe Oren, Idit Shachar
Journal: Blood (2007)