tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Denial of Aging: Perpetual Youth, Eternal Life, and Other Dangerous Fantasies
Authors: A. Mark Clarfield
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genotype–phenotype correlations in fetuses and neonates with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Erick Denamur, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Corinne Alberti, Agnès Bourillon, Marie-Claire Gubler, Raymonde Bouvier, Olivier Pascaud, Jacques Elion, Bernard Grandchamp, Laurence Michel-Calemard, Pascale Missy, Isabelle Zaccaria, Hervé Le Nagard, Bénédicte Gerard, Chantal Loirat
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
<i>D</i> Allele of the Angiotensin I–Converting Enzyme Is a Major Risk Factor for Restenosis After Coronary Stenting
Authors: Carole Amant, Christophe Bauters, Jean-Christophe Bodart, Jean-Marc Lablanche, Gilles Grollier, Nicolas Danchin, Martial Hamon, Florence Richard, Nicole Helbecque, Eugène P. McFadden, Philippe Amouyel, Michel E. Bertrand
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Although intracoronary stent implantation significantly reduces restenosis compared with balloon angioplasty, a minority of patients still develop restenosis predominantly due to neointimal hyperplasia. Experimental studies suggest that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury. In humans, the plasma and cellular levels of ACE are associated with an I/D genetic polymorphism in the ACE gene, DD patients having higher levels. Methods and Results We investigated a possible relation between the ACE I/D polymorphism and restenosis in 146 patients who underwent successful implantation of a Palmaz-Schatz stent and had 6-month follow-up angiography. The minimal lumen diameter (MLD) before and after the procedure did not differ significantly among the three groups of genotypes ( DD , ID , and II ). At follow-up, MLD had a significant inverse relationship to the number of D alleles present ( DD , 1.65±0.71 mm; ID , 1.84±0.60 mm; II , 2.05±0.61 mm; P &lt;.007). Late luminal loss during the follow-up period was significantly related to the number of D alleles ( DD , 0.89±0.61 mm; ID , 0.60±0.52 mm; II , 0.40±0.53 mm; P &lt;.0001). The relative risk of restenosis (defined as a &gt;50% diameter stenosis at follow-up) approximated by the adjusted odds ratio was 2.00 per number of D alleles (95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 3.88, P &lt;.04). Conclusions The ACE I/D polymorphism influences the level of late luminal loss after coronary stent implantation. These results suggest that the renin-angiotensin system may be implicated in the pathogenesis of restenosis after coronary stenting.
Effect of Cyproheptadine on Asthmatic Children
Authors: Arnold F. Lavenstein, Eleanora P. Dacaney, Louis Lasagna, Thomas E. Van Metre
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Cyproheptadine, an antagonist of histamine and serotonin, was compared with chlorpheniramine in a double blind study of 28 asthmatic children. Patients receiving cyproheptadine showed a marked increase in appetite, an associated weight gain, and an accelerated linear growth rate. The weight gain was apparently a reflection of simple exogenous obesity; there was no evidence of fluid retention. These effects of cyproheptadine could not be ascribed to a superior antihistaminic or antiasthmatic activity of the compound, since cyproheptadine and chlorpheniramine appeared equal in these respects.
A CREB1–TGFβ2 Self-Sustaining Loop in Glioblastoma
Authors: David Wotton
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract Summary: A subset of glioblastomas (GBM) has high levels of TGFβ signaling, and anti-TGFβ therapies are being pursued as treatments for GBM. The work presented here identifies CREB1 as a potential biomarker for TGFβ-dependent GBM. CREB1 integrates signaling from TGFβ and the PI3K pathway and nucleates a self-sustaining signaling loop that maintains TGFβ2 expression in GBM with high CREB1 levels. Cancer Discov; 4(10); 1123–5. ©2014 AACR. See related article by Rodón et al., p. 1230
The biology of nitrogen oxides in the airways.
Authors: B Gaston, J M Drazen, J Loscalzo, J S Stamler
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Nitrogen oxides (NOx), regarded in the past primarily as toxic air pollutants, have recently been shown to be bioactive species formed endogenously in the human lung. The relationship between the toxicities and the bioactivities of NOx must be understood in the context of their chemical interactions in the pulmonary microenvironment. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is a newly identified enzyme system active in airway epithelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, autonomic neurons, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. The chemical products of NOS in the lung vary with disease states, and are involved in pulmonary neurotransmission, host defense, and airway and vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Further, certain patients with pulmonary hypertension, adult respiratory distress syndrome and asthma may experience physiologic improvement with NOx therapy, including inhalation of nitric oxide (NO.) gas. Both endogenous and exogenous NOx react readily with oxygen, superoxide, water, nucleotides, metalloproteins, thiols, amines, and lipids to form products with biochemical actions ranging from bronchodilation and bacteriostasis (S-nitrosothiols) to cytotoxicity and pulmonary capillary leak (peroxynitrite), as well as those with frank mutagenic potential (nitrosamines). Recent discoveries demonstrating the relevance of these species to the lung have provided new insights into the pathophysiology of pulmonary disease, and they have opened a new horizon of therapeutic possibilities for pulmonary medicine.
Summary of the Scientific Conference on Dietary Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Penny Kris-Etherton, Stephen R. Daniels, Robert H. Eckel, Marguerite Engler, Barbara V. Howard, Ronald M. Krauss, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Frank Sacks, Sachiko St. Jeor, Meir Stampfer, Robert H. Eckel, Scott M. Grundy, Lawrence J. Appel, Tim Byers, Hannia Campos, Greg Cooney, Margo A. Denke, Barbara V. Howard, Eileen Kennedy, Ronald M. Krauss, Penny Kris-Etherton, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Peter Marckmann, Thomas A. Pearson, Gabriele Riccardi, Lawrence L. Rudel, Mike Rudrum, Frank Sacks, Daniel T. Stein, Russell P. Tracy, Virginia Ursin, Robert A. Vogel, Peter L. Zock, Terry L. Bazzarre, Julie Clark
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Cardiovascular Health-Dietary Recommendations for Fatty Acids: Is There Ample Evidence?" held on June 5-6, 2000, in Reston, Va.The conference was held to summarize the current understanding of the effects of fatty acids on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, as well as to identify gaps in our knowledge base that need to be addressed.There is great interest in learning more about the biological effects of the individual fatty acids, their role in chronic disease risk, and their underlying mechanisms of action.As research advances are made, there is always the need to question how new findings may be translated into practice.There is a long history of research providing the basis for the modification of existing dietary guidelines.Research findings have been used to verify intake criteria and are considered along with practical issues of implementation to establish new guidelines.A substantive body of consistent evidence sufficient to defend a dietary recommendation or a change in existing dietary guidance is essential.The conference highlighted the progress that has been made in understanding the biological effects of fatty acids and also addressed the need to learn more about how different fatty acids affect the risk of chronic disease, within the context of refining dietary guidance to further enhance health.
Randomized controlled trial analyzing the effect of 15 or 30 min intermittent Pringle maneuver on hepatocellular damage during liver surgery
Authors: Maartje A.J. van den Broek, Johanne G. Bloemen, Simon A.W.G. Dello, Marcel C.G. van de Poll, Steven W.M. Olde Damink, Cornelis H.C. Dejong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alfa attenuate hepatic necrosis and inflammation caused by chronic exposure to ethanol in the rat
Authors: Y Iimuro, R M Gallucci, M I Luster, H Kono, R G Thurman
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, a pivotal cytokine involved in inflammation, is produced primarily by Kupffer cells in the liver. It has been shown that inactivation of Kupffer cells prevents alcohol-induced liver injury; therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if neutralizing anti-TNF-α antibody is also effective. Male Wistar rats were exposed to ethanol (11 to 12 g · kg -1 · d -1 ) continuously for up to 4 weeks via intragastric feeding using an enteral feeding model. Before ethanol exposure, polyclonal anti-mouse TNF-α rabbit serum was injected (2.0 mg/kg intravenously). There were no significant differences in body weight, mean ethanol concentration, or cyclic patterns of ethanol in urine when ethanol-and ethanol plus antibody-treated groups were compared. Expression of TNF- α and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) messenger RNA (mRNA), determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, was three- to four-fold higher in livers of ethanol-treated rats than in those of rats fed an ethanol-free, high-fat control diet. In addition, MIP-2 levels were also elevated when detected by Northern blot analysis. Anti-TNF-α antibody did not affect expression of mRNA for interleukin (IL) 1α, IL-6, transforming growth factor β1, or TNF-α. However, MIP-2 mRNA expression, which is regulated by TNF-α, was decreased significantly by anti-TNF-α antibody treatment. Serum aspartate transaminase levels were elevated in ethanol-treated rats to 136 ± 12 IU/L after 4 weeks but only reached 90 ± 5 IU/L ( P &lt; .05) in rats treated with anti-TNF-α antibody. The hepatic inflammation and necrosis observed in ethanol-fed rats were attenuated significantly by antibody treatment, and steatosis was not. These results support the hypothesis that TNF-α plays an important role in inflammation and necrosis in alcohol-induced liver injury and that treatment with anti-TNF-α antibody may be therapeutically useful in this disease.
Microvascular fluid exchange and the revised Starling principle
Authors: J. Rodney Levick, C. Charles Michel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Microvascular fluid exchange (flow J(v)) underlies plasma/interstitial fluid (ISF) balance and oedematous swelling. The traditional form of Starling's principle has to be modified in light of insights into the role of ISF pressures and the recognition of the glycocalyx as the semipermeable layer of endothelium. Sum-of-forces evidence and direct observations show that microvascular absorption is transient in most tissues; slight filtration prevails in the steady state, even in venules. This is due in part to the inverse relation between filtration rate and ISF plasma protein concentration; ISF colloid osmotic pressure (COP) rises as J(v) falls. In some specialized regions (e.g. kidney, intestinal mucosa), fluid absorption is sustained by local epithelial secretions, which flush interstitial plasma proteins into the lymphatic system. The low rate of filtration and lymph formation in most tissues can be explained by standing plasma protein gradients within the intercellular cleft of continuous capillaries (glycocalyx model) and around fenestrations. Narrow breaks in the junctional strands of the cleft create high local outward fluid velocities, which cause a disequilibrium between the subglycocalyx space COP and ISF COP. Recent experiments confirm that the effect of ISF COP on J(v) is much less than predicted by the conventional Starling principle, in agreement with modern models. Using a two-pore system model, we also explore how relatively small increases in large pore numbers dramatically increase J(v) during acute inflammation.
Detecting plagiarism: Google could be the way forward
Authors: Andrew D Weeks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—The widespread availability of medical articles on the internet has made plagiarism a common practice among some students.1 Most plagiarisers are keen to find short cuts—hence the popularity of cutting and pasting text from the internet rather than laboriously copying from textbooks or articles. This habit, however, makes it easy to identify the …
Unusual Abdominal and Pelvic Tumors
Authors: Madeleine Poirier, Richard Fraser, Sarkis Meterissian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.10.174 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12972531 Unusual Abdominal and Pelvic Tumors CASE 1. AGGRESSIVE ANGIOMYXOMA OF THE PELVIS: RESPONSE TO LUTEINIZING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE AGONIST Madeleine PoirierxMadeleine PoirierSearch for articles by this author , Richard FraserxRichard FraserSearch for articles by this author , Sarkis MeterissianxSarkis MeterissianSearch for articles by this author Show More Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.10.174 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Ejaculatio Praecox and Spurious Polycythemia
Authors: B. Landau
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  In 32 patients with a complaint of ejaculatio praecox (among 78 consecutive patients), there was a mean hemoglobin level of 17.25±0.85 g/dL and a mean hematocrit reading of 54% ±2.4%. The mean blood volume was 32.8±2.2 mL/kg (normal, 28.2±4.1 mL/kg), and the mean plasma volume was 33.7±3.2 mL/kg (normal, 39.7±5.3 mL/kg). Laboratory investigation showed that in all of these patients the gonadal, adrenal, and thyroid axes were within normal limits. In nine of these patients, there was no improvement in sexual performance following phlebotomy. It was also found that 17 patients with true polycythemia, who served as a control group, did not have any sexual difficulties.  It is possible that the high prevalence of spurious polycythemia in patients with precocious ejaculation is due to a causative interrelationship. The absence of sexual disturbances in the patients with true polycythemia and the lack of response following phlebotomy suggest that
Astemizole in the Treatment of Hay Fever
Authors: H. Malmberg, E. Holopainen, B. Grahne, E. Binder, S. Savolainen, S. Sundberg
Journal: Allergy (1983)

A double‐blind parallel trial of astemizole, pheniramine and placebo was carried out in 15 patients with hay fever. Astemizole is a new potent H 1 ‐antihistamine with long duration of action but devoid of central activity. Evaluation criteria were daily symptom‐ and side effect score cards, daily nasal peak flow measurements, clinical examination and blood tests. Control of nasal symptoms was significantly better with both antihistamines than with placebo. Tiredness and anticholinergic side effects were less common in the astemizole group than in the pheniramine group. No significant changes in the “safety evaluation” blood tests were observed.
1091-211 Heart rate dynamics before the onset of ventricular tachyarrhythmias: Results of the cardioverter defibrillator registry MARITA
Authors: Alexander Schirdewan, Udo Meyerfeldt, Niels Wessel, Hans J Bondke, Peter Schreiber, Rainer Sadowski, Wolfram Kamke, Michael Wiedemann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Phosphatidylcholine for Steroid-Refractory Chronic Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Wolfgang Stremmel, Robert Ehehalt, Frank Autschbach, Max Karner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Background: Although long-term steroid treatment is discouraged in ulcerative colitis, alternatives are lacking when therapy with immunosuppressant drugs fails. An insufficient level of phosphatidylcholine in colonic mucus is a possible pathogenetic factor for ulcerative colitis. Objective: To see whether steroid withdrawal is easier with retarded-release phosphatidylcholine or placebo in adults with chronic steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted from March 2003 to January 2006. Setting: University Hospital Heidelberg, a referral center for inflammatory bowel disease. Patients: 60 patients with chronic steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis and high clinical and endoscopic disease activity indexes (score ≥5). Intervention: Phosphatidylcholine or cellulose placebo was ingested 4 times daily for 12 weeks for a total dosage of 2 g/d. The follow-up rate was 97%. Measurements: The number of patients achieving complete steroid withdrawal and either a low clinical activity index (≤3) or improvement in the clinical activity index of 50% or more. Results: The primary end point was achieved in 15 of 30 (50%) phosphatidylcholine recipients and in 3 of 30 (10%) placebo recipients (difference, 40% [95% CI, 19% to 61%]; P = 0.002). Twenty-four phosphatidylcholine recipients (80%) and 3 (10%) placebo recipients discontinued steroid therapy without disease exacerbation (difference, 70% [CI, 52% to 88%]; P <0.001). Mild bloating was a common adverse event. Limitations: The sample size was small, and the study was of short duration. Conclusion: Phosphatidylcholine reduced corticosteroid dependence more than placebo in patients with chronic steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis. The next step is long-term trials to evaluate the sustainability of steroid withdrawal in these patients. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00259545.
Venom extracts available to treat patients at risk from insect stings
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRAUMATIC HYSTERIA FROM RAILROAD INJURY
Authors: J. B. Andrews
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1891)

A man aged 33, married, three children, of good habits, with no hereditary history of insanity or nervous disease, while employed as a freight brakeman received an injury to the head and spine in the following manner: In attempting to brake the car the wheel slipped off the shaft and the patient was thrown down between the cars on the drawhead, striking upon his back and upon the right side of his face and head.In a moment he fell from the bumper to the ground between the tracks.He reached up and seized upon some iron supports on the under side of the car, and in this position mas dragged along until the train stoppe(1.He was helped up by the conductor and thus supported walked back to the caboose, into which he was assisted and laid I I ~O I I a couch.When the train reached the depot he was placed in a car.riage and driven boms and soon after this passed into a condition of unconsciousness, in which he remained for some hours.On regaining consciousness he became noisy, talkative and violent.-4 few days later his right leg was said to have become paralyzed and remained so for three week*.The accident occurred on the 19th of July, 1889 and on the 23d of August the patient was admitted to the Buffalo State Hospital.H e came with his hauds and feet tied, and with a history of violent acute mania, with delusions of fear, asserting that his friend and attendante were his enemies and about to inflict injury upon him, and under the influence of these delosione he was threatening and violent.A t night he was said to have been noisy and to have required the united efforts of several attendants to control him.He also euffered from hallucinations of sight.Hi8 bowels were obstinately constipated and a t times there was said to be diflicalty in voiding his urine.There were no marks or mars on any part of his body ae the result of his injury and only pome tenderness over the second and third lumbar vertebrz.Such is the condensed history of his condition a t home during the month after the injury.
Tolbutamide and Achondroplasia
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  In MEDICAL NEWS (226:617, 1973), Tolbutamide Aids Youth With Achondroplasia reports opinions from an interview with Platon J. Collip, MD.  The conclusion drawn by Dr. Collip that achondroplasia is not a primary disorder of bone and cartilage, but a generalized disorder based on glucose intolerance is without fact. There has been no corroboration of glucose intolerance in achondroplasia. In a large number of achondroplastic patients seen by us, glucose tolerance tests have been perfectly normal.  In addition, achondroplasia is a dominantly inherited disorder, which strongly argues against an inborn error of metabolism being the primary defect. Rimoin et al have adequately demonstrated that achondroplasia is a quantitative defect in endochondral ossification. Collip did metabolic studies in 1972 on animals thought to be achondroplastic, but these animals, which previously were considered to yield examples of achondroplasia on the basis of histological studies, clearly exhibited a different disorder, not
Malignant Pericardial Mesothelioma with Response to Chemotherapy
Authors: Nobukazu Fujimoto, Kenichi Gemba, Sae Wada, Katsuichiro Ono, Yasuhiro Fujii, Shinji Ozaki, Tetsuya Ikeda, Koji Taguchi, Tadayoshi Kunitomo, Takumi Kishimoto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)