tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Long-term Enalapril Therapy on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Barry Greenberg, Miguel A. Quinones, Chris Koilpillai, Marian Limacher, Daniel Shindler, Claude Benedict, Brent Shelton
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) demonstrated that enalapril therapy significantly improved the clinical course of patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. The goals of this substudy were to evaluate changes in LV structure and function in SOLVD patients and to test the hypothesis that enalapril inhibits remodeling in patients with LV dysfunction.Patients entering both the prevention and treatment arms of SOLVD from 5 of the 23 clinical centers were recruited for this substudy. The 301 patients who participated underwent Doppler-echocardiographic evaluation according to standard protocol before randomization to either enalapril or placebo and again after 4 and 12 months of therapy. Recorded data were analyzed in a blinded fashion at a central core laboratory. Analysis of baseline clinical characteristics showed that patients enrolled in the substudy were generally representative of the SOLVD population, although prevention arm patients were slightly overrepresented in the substudy group (69.8% compared with 61.9% of remaining SOLVD patients). The enalapril group demonstrated significant reductions in the mitral annular E-wave-to-A-wave velocity ratio (due predominantly to a reduction in E-wave velocity), and this response was different from that seen in the placebo group (P = .030). Changes in the E-to-A ratio in the enalapril group correlated significantly with changes in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (r = .56; P < or = .01). LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes increased in placebo but not enalapril-treated patients, and the differences in response between the treatment groups were significant (P = .025 and .019, respectively). LV mass tended to increase in placebo patients and to be reduced in enalapril-treated patients, and the difference in response between the groups was highly significant (P < or = .001).These data demonstrate that enalapril attenuates progressive increases in LV dilatation and hypertrophy in patients with LV dysfunction. The results support the possibility that the favorable effects of enalapril reported in the SOLVD trials were related to inhibition of LV remodeling.
A piece of my mind. The empty times
Authors: K. S. Devassy
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Functional Maturation of CA1 Synapses Involves Activity-Dependent Loss of Tonic Kainate Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of Glutamate Release
Authors: Sari E. Lauri, Aino Vesikansa, Mikael Segerstråle, Graham L. Collingridge, John T.R. Isaac, Tomi Taira
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Delayed traumatic rupture of colon with colocutaneous fistula.
Authors: J. A. Wightman
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Migraine-Hudgson et al.MEDBCALJoRu 93 (whether methysergide or Demigran) was preferred by 16 patients, and that given second was preferred by 12, a nonsignificant difference.ADDENDUM.-Sincethe completion of this trial we have been advised by the manufacturers of Demigran that its formulation has been altered to give more satisfactory absorption charac- teristics when administered by mouth.We have been assured that this modification has been achieved without affecting its pharmacological properties in any way.Further, we have been told that in Europe, where the drug is in more general clinical use, higher doses than those originally recommended are now being given.We have therefore decided to embark on a further trial of this drug with the modified preparation and the new dosage schedules.The results of that study will be reported in due course.The Demigran tablets used in this trial were supplied by Leo Laboratories Limited.We wish to thank Dr.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and the Risk for Chronic Renal Disease
Authors: Dale P. Sandler, F. Rebecca Burr, Clarice R. Weinberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To evaluate the risk for chronic renal disease associated with regular use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Design: Multicenter case-control study. Patients: Patients were 554 North Carolina residents (age range, 30 to 79 years) hospitalized between 1980 and 1982 with a discharge diagnosis indicating newly diagnosed chronic renal dysfunction and a serum creatinine level consistently at or above 130 µmol/L8 (1.5 mg/dL). Controls were 516 persons chosen randomly by telephone screening (if younger than 65 years of age) and from listings of Medicare recipients (if 65 years of age or older), frequency-matched to patients by age, race, sex, and proximity to study hospitals. Measurements: Data on use of prescription NSAIDs and other analgesics before 1980, other risk factors, and potential confounders were obtained by telephone interviews. Patients were classified by frequency and duration of use; daily users were those who took an NSAID for at least 360 consecutive days. Main Results: A twofold risk for chronic renal disease was associated with previous daily use of NSAIDs (adjusted odds ratio, 2.1; 95% Cl, 1.1 to 4.1). Increased risk was predominantly limited to men older than 65 years, for whom the odds ratio for daily use was 10.0 (Cl, 1.2 to 82.7) after adjusting for use of other analgesics. In other age-sex groups, the risk associated with NSAID use tended to be increased among those with heart disease or other factors that might indicate compromised renal circulation. These findings did not result from confounding by known renal disease risk factors and were not readily explained by potential biases. Conclusions: Regular use of NSAIDs may increase the risk for chronic kidney disease in some high-risk groups. With the recent over-the-counter availability and increasing popularity of NSAIDs, the possibility of an increased risk for chronic renal disease associated with their use may warrant further scrutiny.
Cytoplasmic Irradiation Induces Mitochondrial-Dependent 53BP1 Protein Relocalization in Irradiated and Bystander Cells
Authors: Laurence Tartier, Stuart Gilchrist, Susanne Burdak-Rothkamm, Melvyn Folkard, Kevin M. Prise
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The accepted paradigm for radiation effects is that direct DNA damage via energy deposition is required to trigger the downstream biological consequences. The radiation-induced bystander effect is the ability of directly irradiated cells to interact with their nonirradiated neighbors, which can then show responses similar to those of the targeted cells. p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) forms foci at DNA double-strand break sites and is an important sensor of DNA damage. This study used an ionizing radiation microbeam approach that allowed us to irradiate specifically the nucleus or cytoplasm of a cell and quantify response in irradiated and bystander cells by studying ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF) formation of 53BP1 protein. Our results show that targeting only the cytoplasm of a cell is capable of eliciting 53BP1 foci in both hit and bystander cells, independently of the dose or the number of cells targeted. Therefore, direct DNA damage is not required to trigger 53BP1 IRIF. The use of common reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) inhibitors prevent the formation of 53BP1 foci in hit and bystander cells. Treatment with filipin to disrupt membrane-dependent signaling does not prevent the cytoplasmic irradiation-induced 53BP1 foci in the irradiated cells, but it does prevent signaling to bystander cells. Active mitochondrial function is required for these responses because pseudo-ρ0 cells, which lack mitochondrial DNA, could not produce a bystander signal, although they could respond to a signal from normal ρ+ cells. [Cancer Res 2007;67(12):5872–9]
Close connection between improvement in left ventricular function by cardiac resynchronization therapy and the incidence of arrhythmias in cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillator patients
Authors: Beat A. Schaer, Stefan Osswald, Marcello Di Valentino, Osama I. Soliman, Christian Sticherling, Folkert J. ten Cate, Luc Jordaens, Dominic A. Theuns
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion: prevalence and clinicopathologic correlates in 89 consecutive patients with moderate to severe eosinophilia
Authors: Animesh Pardanani, Stephanie R. Brockman, Sarah F. Paternoster, Heather C. Flynn, Rhett P. Ketterling, Terra L. Lasho, Ching-Liang Ho, Chin-Yang Li, Gordon W. Dewald, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Blood (2004)
BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES FOLLOWING THE SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION OF GLUCOSE SOLUTION 1
Authors: T. S. Danowski, A. W. Winkler, J. R. Elkinton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1947)

It is well known that the loss of extracellular electrolyte may contribute to or even produce cardiovascular collapse. This is manifest in its most striking form in the crisis of Addison's disease (1), in diabetic acidosis and coma (2, 3) and in patients losing large amounts of fluid from the gastrointestinal tract (4, 5). In these conditions the losses of the sodium ion, the chloride ion, and water are often the primary and sole cause of circulatory collapse. The chain of events which ends in clinical shock following salt depletion has been experimentally studied (6, 7). Abstraction of salt from a healthy animal via the peritoneal route according to the Darrow-Yannet technique (8) produces hypotonicity of the extracellular fluid. Water then moves into the cells in response to osmotic forces. The consequent decrease in extracellular fluid volume occurs in both the interstitial fluid and the plasma. Diminution in the latter. is readily detected by the rise in the hematocrit and in the concentration of the total serum protein. It is of particular significance that some of the circulating plasma protein is lost and that in terms of proportionate change, the plasma volume diminishes much more than does the extracellular fluid as a whole (7). These alterations in the composition of the fluid in the extracellular and intracellular compartments are an invariable accompaniment of salt depletion. If acutely induced, and of sufficient magnitude, the loss of salt results in a shock state akin to that seen following burns, trauma, or hemorrhage (9). The circulation slows and the venous pressure falls. These changes are associated with a diminished cardiac output (7). If untreated, death ensues. It seems highly probable that during absorption of a glucose hypodermoclysis salt is removed from the circulation in a manner identical with that ob-
Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption as Risk Factors for Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps
Authors: M. E. Martinez, R. S. McPherson, J. F. Annegers, B. Levin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Cigarette Smoking and Alcohol Consumption as Risk Factors for Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps Get access María Elena Martínez, María Elena Martínez 1The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Public HealthHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Sue McPherson, R. Sue McPherson 1The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Public HealthHouston Correspondence to: R. Sue McPherson, Ph.D., Human Nutrition Center, The University of Texas-Houston School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston, TX 77225. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Fred Annegers, J. Fred Annegers 1The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Public HealthHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernard Levin Bernard Levin 2Division of Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 4, 15 February 1995, Pages 274–279, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.4.274 Published: 15 February 1995 Article history Received: 05 July 1994 Revision received: 02 November 1994 Accepted: 18 November 1994 Published: 15 February 1995
When and How to Study the Carotid Arteries
Authors: John R. Feussner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

To appraise critically the clinical indications for diagnostic evaluation of carotid artery disease and the efficacy, safety, limitations, and relative costs of commonly used noninvasive diagnostic tests.Formal decision analysis to determine the relative value of several diagnostic strategies and information synthesis of studies evaluating noninvasive diagnostic tests.We did a secondary analysis of the literature, using available data to generate estimates for the probability of selected, clinically important events and the utilities of relevant outcomes observed in patients when carotid artery disease is present or absent, and we critically appraised studies reported since 1980 to estimate the sensitivity and specificity, safety, limitations, and costs of diagnostic tests.For patients with asymptomatic neck bruits who are and who are not being considered as candidates for other vascular surgery, no diagnostic testing is recommended. For symptomatic patients with anterior-circulation transient ischemic attacks or previous minor strokes, noninvasive diagnostic testing is recommended if surgical treatment is being considered. Patients who previously had minor strokes could be directly referred for selective carotid angiography because they have a higher likelihood of a surgically approachable carotid lesion. Patients with nonlateralizing signs and symptoms of ischemia do not need diagnostic evaluation of possible carotid artery disease unless their symptoms are related to ischemia in the carotid artery circulation. The preferred noninvasive diagnostic test is duplex ultrasound, which has a sensitivity of approximately 85% and a specificity of 90%. If duplex ultrasound is not available, an alternative noninvasive test is carotid Doppler ultrasound.We recommend a conservative diagnostic approach in patients with suspected carotid artery disease. Noninvasive diagnostic testing is indicated only for symptomatic patients with transient ischemic attacks in the anterior circulation who are considered candidates for carotid endarterectomy, when knowledge of the vessel anatomy is necessary.
Clinical ethics committee
Authors: J G Thornton, R J Lilford
Journal: BMJ (1995)

An informal clinical ethics committee was set up to advise on ethical problems in prenatal diagnosis in Leeds.It was used twice in six months but was not called on again in the subsequent year, and we describe this experience.In North America similar committees are often used to advise on clinical moral dilemmas, and we review the published evidence from there and discuss some of the advantages and problems.Our committee's advice may have altered clinicians' actions considerably, but perhaps doctors in Britain are not yet ready to surrender this aspect of clinical autonomy.With the exception of those concerned with assisted conception, ethics committees concerned with clinical matters are little used in Britain.In contrast they play an important part in clinical practice in the United States and Canada.'4In our prenatal diagnosis practice we are occasionally faced with ethical dilemmas such as requests for feticide in the third trimester.Although the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act allows this when there is a "substantial risk ... [of] ... serious handicap," we are unsure what is meant by serious in this context and uncertain how to act if parents and doctors disagree.7Such moral problems are increas- ingly common: we have recently considered requests for diagnosis of sex and paternity, for termination for cystic fibrosis or Duchenne dystrophy at residual risks below 1%, and for reducing multifetal pregnancy, often backed by the threat to terminate anyway if we refused.We therefore set up an informal advisory group to provide independent advice in such difficult circumstances.We report our initial experience and review the literature on the use of such committees in other countries.
Points from Letters: Economy Begins at Home
Authors: B. A. Maurice
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BITISH(often in his prime) rather than take the risk of a breakdown in health in the sub- sequent five years.Compare the lot of the man who gets an award, say, at 50.Not only can he afford to ease off earlier, he can also spare the time to attend clinical meetings, administrative committees, and write papers, and in due course this bears the fruit of an even higher award.Although the system is supposedly
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Transfection Induces Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis of Gastric Carcinoma in Nude Mice via Macrophage Recruitment
Authors: Tsuyoshi Kuroda, Yasuhiko Kitadai, Shinji Tanaka, Xiaoqin Yang, Naofumi Mukaida, Masaharu Yoshihara, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that has various roles in tumor development and progression. We previously reported that expression of MCP-1 is associated with macrophage infiltration and tumor vessel density in human gastric carcinomas. The present study was undertaken to obtain direct evidence that MCP-1 participates in recruitment of macrophages and induction of angiogenesis. Experimental Design: We did transfection experiments to analyze the role of MCP-1 in tumorigenicity and angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma in nude mice. The human MCP-1 gene cloned into the BCMGS-Neo expression vector was transfected into the human gastric carcinoma TMK-1 cell line. We examined tumor volumes with the ectopic s.c. xenograft model and tumorigenicity with the orthotopic gastric xenograft model. We determined intratumor microvessel counts and tumor-infiltrating macrophage counts by immunohistochemical staining. Results: There was no difference in in vitro proliferation between MCP-1-transfected TMK-1 cells and mock-transfected (control) cells; however, MCP-1 transfectants induced tumor growth in ectopic xenografts and increased tumorigenicity and induced lymph node metastases and ascites in orthotopic xenografts. In both ectopic and orthotopic xenograft models, strong infiltration of macrophages was observed within and around the tumors after implantation of MCP-1 transfectants whereas fewer macrophages were seen after inoculation of control cells. The microvessel density was significantly higher in tumors produced by MCP-1 transfectants than in control tumors. Conclusions: MCP-1 produced by gastric carcinoma cells may regulate angiogenesis via macrophage recruitment. MCP-1 may be a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy for gastric carcinoma.
High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Patients With Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Robert R. Carroll
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Four patients with severe chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura who were refractory to all conventional therapy for that disorder were initially seen with either refractory bleeding or the necessity for an operation. We treated each of these patients with intravenous human serum immunoglobulin, and three of the four patients had a rapid and substantial increase in their platelet counts. This new method for ameliorating chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura deserves further study and consideration. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1748-1750)
Mitochondria are the main ATP source for a cytosolic pool controlling the activity of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in mouse cardiac myocytes
Authors: Andreas Knopp, Stephan Thierfelder, Bettina Doepner, Klaus Benndorf
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

The aim was to identify the major ATP source controlling the activity of sarcolemmal K(ATP) channels in ventricular cardiomyocytes.K(ATP)-channel current (I(KATP)) was measured with the patch-clamp technique in either the whole-cell (glycogenolysis blocked by 10 mmol/l EGTA), cell-attached, or inside-out configuration.In the absence of any substrate, I(KATP) (amplitude 31+/-4 nA; n=5) appeared spontaneously 520+/-160 s (n=6) after whole-cell access. This latency was shortened by exposure to anoxia (117+/-33 s, n=32) and even more by uncoupling (1-10 micromol/l FCCP; 25+/-3 s; n=13) while the amplitude was unchanged. During metabolic inhibition the latency was remarkably prolonged when the F1F0-ATPase was blocked by oligomycin, suggesting that under those conditions the F1F0-ATPase is the major ATP consumer. Glucose (5.5-20.0 mmol/l) in the bath solution did not affect the amplitude of I(KATP) but prolonged its latency compared to respective substrate-free conditions. However, I(KATP) was blocked immediately by mitochondrial substrates. FCCP also induced large I(KATP) in cell-attached measurements in either the absence or presence of glucose and oligomycin.The activity of K(ATP) channels in cardiomyocytes of mice is controlled by a cytosolic [ATP] pool for which oxidative phosphorylation is the predominant ATP source.
THE MENDACITY AND FILTH OF QUACK ADVERTISING.
Authors: JOHN MADDEN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

"O Lord! Lord! how this world is given to lying." In a conversation, a short time ago, with a gentleman who is the business manager of a great and influential newspaper, the subject of what doctors could or should do in the way of making themselves known through the columns of the lay press, was discussed at some length. The journal which this gentleman serves is unusually clean, and he assured me that in a single year he had rejected "medical" advertisements which would have brought his paper an income of fifteen thousand dollars at least. These rejections were made upon the grounds that the matter rejected had a direct tendency to corrupt public morals; that it was filthy, obscene, and often a direct invitation to the public to become accessory to the crime of manslaughter. He mentioned one instance, coming to his own observation, in which the innocent boys
Regulation of androgen receptor activity by tyrosine phosphorylation
Authors: Zhiyong Guo, Bojie Dai, Tianyun Jiang, Kexin Xu, Yingqiu Xie, Oekyung Kim, Issa Nesheiwat, Xiangtian Kong, Jonathan Melamed, Venkatesh D. Handratta, Vincent C.O. Njar, Angela M.H. Brodie, Li-Rong Yu, Timothy D. Veenstra, Hegang Chen, Yun Qiu
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)
GPs need help in spotting cancer symptoms, report says
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

GPs and the public in England need better guidance on key symptoms of cancer to aid earlier diagnosis and improve survival, says a report from the National Audit Office.

The report says that deaths from cancer in England and Wales have fallen by 12% in the past 30 years thanks to better ways of detecting cancer and improved treatments. But survival could be better if …