tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
COLD WEATHER ACCOUNTABLE FOR TURBIDITY OF THE URINE.
Authors: L. NAPOLEON BOSTON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

It is common to find a certain percentage of. freshly voided urines to present, upon examination, a variable degree of clouding which may have for its cause many different conditions. Among the most striking of these are those dependent upon thermic fluctuations, and in this connection reference shall be made to the changes produced by exposure of the urine to a temperature near the freezing point. With the approach of marked climatic change and a decided fall in the mercury, the number of turbid specimens collected from private practice and dispensary clinics is greatly increased, while specimens collected from hospital patients are seldom influenced by cold. In the urines brought to the laboratory of the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Medico-Chirurgical hospitals during the fall and winter months, the writer seldom observed any increase in the number of turbid urines. It was often noticed in specimens brought by patients to the dispensary
CD8+ T lymphocytes reactive against Epstein-Barr virus antigens in skin lesions of a patient with Sézary syndrome
Authors: Anne-Chantal Knol, Yannick Guilloux, Gaëlle Quéreux, Sonia Marques-Briand, Marie-Christine Pandolfino, Amir Khammari, Brigitte Dreno
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2005)
Parathion Poisoning and Its Treatment
Authors: Wayland J. Hayes
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Over 8 million pounds of parathion [0,0-diethyl 0-( p -nitrophenyl)phosphorothioate], an organic phosphorous insecticide, are produced annually in the United States. Poisoning from parathion may follow its inhalation, cutaneous absorption, or ingestion. Most cases due to respiratory or cutaneous exposure are a result of the occupational hazard to workers involved in the preparation and use of parathion as an insecticide. Oral exposure usually occurs in cases of accidental poisoning (particularly in children), murder, and suicide, and only a very small amount of parathion is necessary to produce poisoning by this route. For example, a dose of 2 mg has been fatal to children from 5 to 6 years of age, and a dose of 120 mg was fatal to an adult. 1 Respiratory exposure to fine dusts or aerosols of parathion is hazardous but, because of the low vapor pressure of parathion, vaporization does not contribute significantly to the danger of
Annual health checks do not reduce mortality, says Cochrane review
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2012)

General health checks do not reduce morbidity or mortality and should not be included as part of a public health programme, say Cochrane researchers who carried out a systematic review of the evidence.

The review, published in the Cochrane Library, included 14 trials involving 182 880 people.1 Nine of the trials studied the risk of death and included 155 899 participants. Health checks had no effect on the risk of death or on the specific risk of death from cardiovascular disease or cancer. 

Neither did the researchers find an effect on the risk of illness, although one trial found an increased number of people that health checks identified as having hypertension and high cholesterol concentrations, and …
Stem Cell Tourism and the Power of Hope
Authors: Charles E. Murdoch, Christopher Thomas Scott
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2010)

This paper explores the notions of hope and how individual patient autonomy can trump carefully reasoned ethical concerns and policies intended to regulate stem cell transplants. We argue that the same limits of knowledge that inform arguments to restrain and regulate unproven treatments might also undermine our ability to comprehensively dismiss or condemn them. Incautiously or indiscriminately reasoned policies and attitudes may drive critical information and data underground, impel patients away from working with clinical researchers, and tread needlessly on hope, the essential motivator of patients, advocates and researchers alike. We offer recommendations to clinicians and health care providers to help balance the discourse with individuals seeking treatment while guarding against fraud, misconception, and patient harm.
AUTOPLASTIC THYMUS TRANSPLANTS
Authors: Henry L. Jaffe
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

1. Regeneration of a thymus transplant is characterized by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the reticulum cells, leading to the formation of small and large atypical Hassall bodies during the early stages. 2. Regeneration is usually complete by the 3rd week, when the newly formed lobules show differentiation into cortical and medullary zones, and typical Hassall bodies appear. 3. Typical Hassall's corpuscles are also derived from the reticulum epithelial cells. 4. These corpuscles have no function, being aggregates of spent reticulum cells. 5. The thymus reticulum cells are actively phagocytic, and react rapidly when noxious influences are exerted on the gland.
CERTIFICATION UNDER THE MENTAL DEFICIENCY ACT
Authors: W. A. Potts
Journal: BMJ (1915)

MENTAL-defect is a disease not taught in any medical school, yet it is a province of medicine which requires special study; and furnishes cases for wlich the necessary diagnostic acumen is not afforded by a qualification awarded entirely on a knowledge of other branches of medicine.Tlhe recognition of mental defect is often difficult; 'the differential diagnosis from insanity, epilepsy, the state of being merely dull and backward, want of education, the exlhaustion of plhysical illness, or the abnormality due to sense deprivation, aside from other rare diseases, is not always easy.
A nested case-control study of kidney cancer among refinery/petrochemical workers.
Authors: J F Gamble, E D Pearlman, M J Nicolich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

A nested case-control study was designed to evaluate whether a nearly twofold excess of kidney cancer among workers at a refinery/petrochemical plant was associated with cumulative exposure to C2-C5 saturated, C2-C5 unsaturated, C6-C10 aliphatic saturated, C6-C10 aliphatic unsaturated, and C6-C10 aromatic process streams. Nonoccupational risk factors were body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (both measured at about age 28), and smoking. There was no significant association with cumulative exposure or tenure as estimated by conditional logistic regression and adjusted for nonoccupational risk factors. Categorical analysis showed increased odds ratios only in the second (low) and fourth (high) quartiles compared to the first quartile reference group of lowest exposed workers, and a three-quarter-fold increased odds ratio for > 32 years' tenure compared to the < 25-year reference group. The number of cases was small with wide confidence intervals around estimate of risk, so the possibility of an exposure-response trend cannot be ruled out. Multivariate analysis identified overweight (high BMI; p < 0.01) as the most important risk factor in this data set, followed by tenure and increased blood pressure. There was a weak association with current smoking, but not with pack-years smoked. The risk of kidney cancer for a nonsmoker with normal blood pressure but 25% overweight was increased about 2.6-fold (95% CI = 1.2-5.4). The risk of kidney cancer for a nonsmoker of normal weight with high blood pressure (e.g., 150/110), was increased about 4.5 (95% CI, 0.8-26).
Leucocytoclastic vasculitis as onset symptom of ulcerative colitis
Authors: F Iannone
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

A 13 year old girl presented with auricular chondritis and recurrent episodes of unexplained chest pain, arthritis, bronchitis, conjunctivitis, prolonged steroid resistant alopecia areata, and a history of recurrent tonsillitis.Both the mosaic of autoimmunity and relapsing polychondritis were considered in the differential diagnosis.The patient was successfully treated with co-trimoxazole.The significance of co-trimoxazole, which is an antibiotic and an immunomodulatory drug, in the treatment of autoimmune disease is discussed.www.annrheumdis.
"TREATMENT OF THROMBO-ANGIITIS OBLITERANS"
Authors: Joshua H. Leiner
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, November 18, appeared a paper by Dr. Samuel Silbert, who states that to his knowledge the injection of alcohol into the nerves for the relief of pain in thrombo-angiitis obliterans has heretofore not been used. In the neurologic service of Dr. William M. Leszynsky at Lebanon Hospital, cases of thrombo-angiitis and allied conditions have been treated by a method similar to that advocated. For the last six years four or five cases have been treated in this manner with temporary relief. The principle of alcohol injection into nerves for the relief of pain is not new, as Dr. Silbert admits, and the injection into the anterior tibial, plantar nerves, etc., is not an unusual procedure in neurology.
Rotor Stability Separates Sustained Ventricular Fibrillation From Self-Terminating Episodes in Humans
Authors: David E. Krummen, Justin Hayase, David J. Morris, Jeffrey Ho, Miriam R. Smetak, Paul Clopton, Wouter-Jan Rappel, Sanjiv M. Narayan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Feto-maternal haemorrhage in therapeutic abortion
Authors: J. C. Voigt, R. P. Britt
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The incidence of feto-maternal haemorrhage in induced abortion has been studied with the Kleihauer technique. All four methods of termination used were shown to result in such haemorrhages. The incidence below 12 weeks' gestation, however, was very small and there seems to be no reason for offering routine rhesus-immunoglobulin to these women. When it is essential to terminate a pregnancy of 12 weeks' size or more in a rhesus-negative woman immunoglobulin should be given.
Adjuvant intra-arterial lipiodol-iodine-131 for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective randomised trial
Authors: WY Lau, TWT Leung, SKW Ho, M Chan, D Machin, J Lau, ATC Chan, W Yeo, TSK Mok, SCH Yu, NWY Leung, PJ Johnson
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Differential ferrioxamide test in haemochromatosis and liver disease
Authors: M. Barry, G. Cartei, S. Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1969)

The effect of desferrioxamine is examined in more than 100 patients with liver disease, including haemochromatosis, using the differential ferrioxamine test. The procedure gives a reasonably accurate estimate of the size of the iron stores, as determined by multiple venesection, in patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis. Since desferrioxamine is not specific for storage iron, unequivocally abnormal results are not obtained unless the iron load exceeds about 2.3 g. In other forms of liver disease the effect of desferrioxamine is generally increased compared with that in controls. The results show no correlation with the serum iron level or the degree of hepatic siderosis. High values are usual in the presence of jaundice and overlap the range found in untreated haemochromatosis, adding to other evidence that desferrioxamine can derive iron from a hyperchelatable source unrelated to the stores. It is concluded that in liver diseases other than haemochromatosis the results of the test do not reliably reflect body storage iron content.
Carcinoma of the oesophagus with "swallow syncope".
Authors: I W Tomlinson, K M Fox
Journal: BMJ (1975)

energy shocks were successful then.The initial shock was unsuc- cessful in 7%O (two out of 28) of patients with primary fibrillation, but a second shock of identical energy was successful in both patients.The success of the second shock when the initial one has failed29 may be related to the decreased impedance with successive shocks.30Apart from allowing smaller and lighter defibrillators these lower energy shocks cause less myocardial damage.Our findings indicate the need for further investigation of the energy needed for defibrillation.Tacker et al.28 claim that defibrillators should have a much higher output capacity than they do at present, but high capacity output instruments would be much heavier, more cumbersome, and more expensive and, therefore, less generally available.If it is confirmed that lowenergy direct current shocks, particularly when repeated, will almost invariably correct ventricular fibrillation a cheap and generally available pocket defibrillator will be a possibility.
Is Prevention Better Than Cure?
Authors: David F. Ransohoff
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Over the last 30 years, the prevention of illness has received increasing attention. Many Americans exercise more than formerly, have stopped smoking, and have changed their diet. Regarding prevention, former President Jimmy Carter stated that it "can substantially reduce both the suffering of our people and the burden on our expensive system of medical care." The purpose of this book is to assess the impact of prevention programs on health care costs. Louise B. Russell concludes that, contrary to much popular belief, preventive measures may improve health but "rarely reduce medical expenditures" and "careful evaluation often shows that the full costs are... larger than any savings." While detection of hypertension, for example, uses an inexpensive blood pressure test, the additive costs incurred by the repeated examinations required in screening, by evaluation of cause, and by drug therapy may mount to hundreds of dollars a year per patient. The message of
Cloning and sequencing of the pancreatic islet neogenesis associated protein (INGAP) gene and its expression in islet neogenesis in hamsters.
Authors: R Rafaeloff, G L Pittenger, S W Barlow, X F Qin, B Yan, L Rosenberg, W P Duguid, A I Vinik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Induction of islet neogenesis by cellophane wrapping (CW) reverses streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes. Administration of Ilotropin, a protein extract isolated from CW pancreata, causes recapitulation of normal islet ontogeny and reverses STZ diabetes, reducing mortality by 50%. We investigated the hypothesis that a novel gene encoding a constituent of Ilotropin was expressed in the hamster pancreas undergoing islet neogenesis. Islet neogenesis associated protein (INGAP) is a product of a novel gene expressed in regenerating hamster pancreas. Northern blot analysis showed a strong single transcript of 850 bp at 1 and 2 d after CW that disappeared by the 6th day and was absent from untreated control pancreata. INGAP gene is expressed in acinar cells, but not in islets. Western blot analysis demonstrated the presence of INGAP in Ilotropin but not in extracts from control pancreata. A synthetic pentadecapeptide, corresponding to a region unique to INGAP, stimulated a 2.4-fold increase in [3H]thymidine incorporation into hamster duct epithelium in primary culture and a rat pancreatic duct cell line but had no effect on a hamster insulinoma tumor cell line. A portion of human INGAP gene was cloned and appears to be highly homologous to the hamster gene. This data suggests that the INGAP gene is a novel pancreatic gene expressed during islet neogenesis whose protein product is a constituent of Ilotropin and is capable of initiating duct cell proliferation, a prerequisite for islet neogenesis.
Hodgkin Disease in Hemophilia
Authors: J. L. Bello, M. Magallón, J. M. Villar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1987Hodgkin Disease in HemophiliaJ. L. BELLO, M. MAGALLÓN, J. M. VILLARJ. L. BELLOSearch for more papers by this author, M. MAGALLÓNSearch for more papers by this author, J. M. VILLARSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-257_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas, predominantly of high-grade B-cells, occur in homosexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), or as prodromal manifestations associated with AIDS (1). Recently, Hodgkin disease has been reported in homosexual men and drug addicts (2-5) with the AIDS-related complex (ARC). We are aware of no reports of Hodgkin disease in patients with hemophilia, another group at risk for AIDS. We report the case of a patient with hemophilia who developed an aggressive atypical form of Hodgkin disease.A 17-year-old boy with severe hemophilia A had been treated with commercial lyophilized concentrates of factor VIII since...References1. ZIEGLERBECKSTEADVOLBERDING JJP. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 90 homosexual men: relation to generalized lymphadenopathy and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:565-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ROBERTSCHNEIDERMAN NH. Hodgkin's disease and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:142-3. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SCHOEPPELHOPPEDORFMAN SRR. Hodgkin's disease in homosexual men with generalized lymphadenopathy. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:68-70. LinkGoogle Scholar4. UNGERSTRAUCHEN PJ. Hodgkin's disease in AIDS complex patients: report of four cases and tissue immunologic marker studies. Cancer. 1986;58:821-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. TEMPLEABE ANDES JW. AIDS and Hodgkin's disease. Lancet. 1986;23:454-5. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. L. BELLO; M. MAGALLÓN; J. M. VILLAR PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHIV-ASSOCIATED HODGKIN'S DISEASEHodgkin's disease as an indicator of AIDSHodgkin'S disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. A clinical study of 46 casesHodgkin's disease during HIV1 infection: The French Registry ExperienceHIV-Related MalignanciesHodgkin's disease in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pathologic and immunologic featuresHodgkin's Disease in 50 Intravenous Drug Users with HIV-InfectionHodgkin'S Disease in Association with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids): A Report on 36 Patients 1 August 1987Volume 107, Issue 2Page: 257-257KeywordsAIDSAIDS related complexAddictsB cellsHemophiliaHemophilia AHodgkin lymphomaHomosexualsLymphomaRisk management ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Treatment of Neurosyphilis in Patients With HIV Infection
Authors: Manuel L. Fernández-Guerrero
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Recent reports<sup>1,2</sup>suggest that concurrent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may alter the natural course of syphilis and that patients seropositive for HIV who become infected by<i>Treponema pallidum</i>are prone to develop neurosyphilis. In addition, patients infected with HIV respond abnormally to antigenic stimulation and may fail to develop a typical serological response to syphilis.<sup>3</sup>Based on previous experience treating patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and central nervous system toxoplasmosis or cryptococcosis, it has been suggested that "a more aggressive therapy possibly including maintenance therapy" would be beneficial for patients with neurosyphilis associated with HIV infection.<sup>1</sup>We believe that the present evidence to support the need for long-term antisyphilitic therapy for such patients is meager and that some patients, as in the case that follows, may be successfully treated with conventional regimens. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —Five months before admission to the
Patterns of organisation in the cerebellum and the control of timing
Authors: R. J. Harvey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Precise timing of muscle contractions is an important prerequisite for motor control and one to which the cerebellum contributes. Braitenberg et al.'s detailed timing hypotheses relate only to a subset of the known features of the organisation of the cerebellum. However, the cerebellar architecture clearly supports the “tidal waves” that are central to the authors' proposal and such tidal waves are very likely to contribute to its functions.
Cord blood IgM and suspected congenital rubella.
Authors: J A Snijder
Journal: BMJ (1977)

for the development of any neurotoxicity, and also that hyperbilirubinaemia is a contributory factor.The controversy over absorption of HCP through the skin and central nervous system toxicology should be placed in proper per- spective and, as pointed out in your leading article, "the reasonable conclusion seems to be that . . . the data on treatment and blood level in neonates are so heterogeneous that they should be taken only as a general indicator and that blood concentrations in animals are a poor guide to those in man."After almost seven years of regulatory restriction one has yet to see any major deleterious effect when HCP is used in the recommended way.
Primary Nasopharyngeal Tuberculosis Mimicking Carcinoma
Authors: Kyung Soo Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

We report a case of primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis that resembled a malignant tumor due to clinical presentation and elevated uptake of 18-F FDG that were highly suggestive of malignancy. We reviewed the literature concerning primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis and describe the role of 18-F FDG PET/CT imaging in diagnosis. Although primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is a relatively rare disease, it must not be excluded from the differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal lesions in cases with high uptake of F-18 FDG, since it may show false-positive findings on F-18 FDG PET/CT scan.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor anagliptin ameliorates diabetes in mice with haploinsufficiency of glucokinase on a high-fat diet
Authors: Keizo Nakaya, Naoto Kubota, Iseki Takamoto, Tetsuya Kubota, Hisayuki Katsuyama, Hiroyuki Sato, Kumpei Tokuyama, Shinji Hashimoto, Moritaka Goto, Takahito Jomori, Kohjiro Ueki, Takashi Kadowaki
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Transient cerebral ischemia. Association of apoptosis induction with hypoperfusion.
Authors: Z S Vexler, T P Roberts, A W Bollen, N Derugin, A I Arieff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Apoptosis is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia. The mechanism of apoptosis induction remains unclear but several studies suggest that it is preferentially triggered by mild/moderate microcirculatory disturbances. We examined in cats whether induction of apoptosis after 2.5 h of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion plus 10 h of reperfusion is influenced by the degree of cerebral microcirculatory disturbance. Quantitative monitoring over time of the disturbances of cerebral microcirculation in ischemic brain areas and evaluation of cytotoxic edema associated with perfusion deficits was achieved by using two noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging techniques: (a) high-speed echo planar imaging combined with a bolus of magnetic susceptibility contrast agent; and (b) diffusion-weighted imaging. Apoptosis-positive cells were counted in anatomic areas with different severity of ischemic injury characterized by magnetic resonance imaging, triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and hemotoxylin and eosin staining. The number of apoptosis-positive cells was significantly higher in anatomic areas with severe perfusion deficits during occlusion and detectable histologic changes 10 h after reperfusion. In contrast, in areas where perfusion was reduced but maintained during occlusion there were no detectable histological changes and significantly fewer apoptosis-positive cells. A similar number of cells that undergo apoptosis were shown in regions with transient or prolonged subtotal perfusion deficits. These results suggest that the apoptotic process is induced in the ischemic core and contributes significantly in the degeneration of neurons associated with transient ischemia.