tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Maternal Height and Risk of Child Mortality and Undernutrition
Authors: Parul Christian
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OBSERVATIONS BASED ON AN EXPERIENCE WITH NEARLY ONE THOUSAND CASES OF TYPHOID FEVER.Read before the Section of Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: JAMES B. HERRICK
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Within the past five years I have seen in the city of Chicago, in Cook County, Presbyterian and St. Elizabeth Hospitals and in private practice, nearly one thousand cases of typhoid fever. The following observations are based on the experience with these cases: Observations the result of clinical experience are accepted as true by the reader, only so far as the facts accord with those he himself has noted, or as the conclusions appeal to his reason, or as he has confidence in the ability of the observer to make accurate observations and correctly to interpret them. I fully realize the truth of the Hippocratic motto Professor Osler has put at the head of his book, "Experience is fallacious and judgment difficult," and I am aware of the weak points in a paper clinical in character, not experimental nor even statistical; and I fear lest what I write may seem
Inhibition of bovine endothelial cell activation in vitro by regulated expression of a transdominant inhibitor of NF-kappa B.
Authors: J Anrather, V Csizmadia, C Brostjan, M P Soares, F H Bach, H Winkler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The activation of endothelial cells is a recurrent phenomenon linked to pathologic conditions such as inflammation, chronic arthritis, allo- and xenograft rejection. To inhibit endothelial cell activation we have constructed a transactivation-deficient derivative of the p65/RelA subunit of NF-kappa B, a transcription factor known to be crucial for the induction of adhesion molecules, cytokines and procoagulants in activated endothelial cells. This protein (p65RHD) comprises the Rel homology domain of the RelA subunit, retaining dimerization, DNA binding, and nuclear localization functions, but is deficient in transcriptional activation, and acts as a competitive inhibitor of NF-kappa B. Our data demonstrate that p65RHD is a potent and specific inhibitor of NF-kappa B-mediated induction of a number of genes, such as I kappa B alpha, IL-8, E-selectin, P-selectin, and tissue factor in endothelial cells. Furthermore, tetracycline-inducible expression of p65RHD in stably transfected primary endothelial cells inhibits the induction of gene expression equally well. This regulated system of gene expression provides the basis for a novel therapeutic approach to the pathologic effects of endothelial cell activation, especially in delayed xenograft rejection, by using transgenic animals as organ donors.
Apoplexy*†
Authors: ORMAN C. PERKINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 May 1933ApoplexyA Study of 801 Cases Admitted to the Kings County Hospital During the Five Years from 1923 to 1928ORMAN C. PERKINS, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.ORMAN C. PERKINS, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-11-1386 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA study has been made of all the cases of apoplexy admitted to the Kings County Hospital during the five years, 1923-1928. Several important factors must be borne in mind in considering this material. The Kings County Hospital is a city hospital and the largest in the Borough of Brooklyn. Its ambulance service covers the largest area served by any hospital in the borough and in addition many patients are brought to Kings County Hospital by the ambulances of other hospitals. These conditions result in the admission of a large number of cases of apoplexy. The patients fall into one...References1 TOOTH HH, in ALLBUTT, C., and ROLLESTON, H. D.: A system of medicine, Vol. 8, 1910, Macmillan and Company Ltd., London, p. 309. Google Scholar2 POTTS CS: Some mistaken ideas concerning apoplexy, Penn. Med. Jr., 1921, xxiv, 867-869. Google Scholar3 GINTRAC E: Maladies de l'appareil nerveux, 1869, ii, 467. Google Scholar4 OSLER W (quoted by THOMAS): Modern medicine, its theory and practice, 3 Ed., Vol. 1, 1925, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, p. 396. Google Scholar5 COLLIERADIE JWJ, in PRICE, F. W.: A textbook of the practice of medicine, by various authors, 1922, xxxvi, H. Frowde; Hodder and Stoughton, London, p. 1355. Google Scholar6 JONES AE: The onset of hemiplegia in vascular lesions, Brain, 1905, xxviii, 527-555. Google Scholar7 JELLIFFEWHITE SEWA: Diseases of the nervous system; a textbook of neurology and psychiatry, 3 Ed., 1920, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, p. 637. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ORMAN C. PERKINS, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Brooklyn, New York*Received for publication September 29, 1932.†From the Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn inquiry into the seasonal nature of cerebrovascular diseaseCircannual and latitudinal variation in the incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhageStudies on Cerebrovascular StrokesReferencesUEBER DEN HIRNSCHLAG ALS TODESURSACHE 1 May 1933Volume 6, Issue 11 Page: 1386-1392 Keywords Ambulances Falls Neurology Stroke ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Review: Perioperative LMW heparin does not reduce mortality after surgery more than unfractionated heparin in patients with cancer
Authors: Melina Verso
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Source Citation Akl EA, Terrenato I, Barba M, et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin vs unfractionated heparin for perioperative thromboprophylaxis in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:1261-9. 18574082
Decay-accelerating factor. Genetic polymorphism and linkage to the RCA (regulator of complement activation) gene cluster in humans.
Authors: J Rey-Campos, P Rubinstein, S Rodriguez de Cordoba
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

We have investigated the genetic relationships between the human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and a group of complement components including the C3b/C4b receptor (CR1), C4-binding protein (C4bp), and factor H (H), to which DAF is structurally and functionally related. CR1, C4bp, and H were previously demonstrated to be encoded by a cluster of closely linked genes, which we have designated regulator of complement activation (RCA). Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA using a DAF cDNA probe unraveled the existence of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for both Bam HI and Hind III restriction endonucleases. Segregation analysis of these polymorphic fragments in families informative for the segregation of alleles at the CR1, C4BP, and H loci (RCA-haplotypes), demonstrated that, in humans, the gene encoding DAF is located within the RCA gene cluster. No recombinants between DAF and C4BP/CR1 were encountered in 32 informative meioses. In addition, in two individuals showing recombination between the CR1/C4BP and H loci, DAF segregated with the CR1/C4BP segment. Thus, the DAF gene maps closer to the CR1/C4BP loci than to the H gene, from which it can be separated by genetic recombination.
Holy Grail! A Long-Life Mutation
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PREDICTORS OF PROLONGED LENGTH OF INTENSIVE CARE UNIT STAY FOLLOWING STAGE I PALLIATION: A REPORT FROM THE NATIONAL PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY QUALITY IMPROVEMENT COLLABORATIVE
Authors: Carolyn M. Wilhelm, Kathy Jenkins, Thomas Klitzner, John Kugler, Gerard Martin, Steven Neish, Robert Beekman, Carole Lannon, Geoffrey Rosenthal, Carissa Baker-Smith
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Studies on the selective lysis and purification of Trypanosoma cruzi.
Authors: N Nogueira, C Bianco, Z Cohn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

The mechanism by which culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi are lysed by normal mammalian sera was examined. Lysis is restricted to the epimastigote form of the organism and is not dependent on the presence of agglutinins. Lysis is a complement-dependent process, the activity being generated by the alternate pathway. The selective lysis by serum was exploited to purify viable trypomastigotes by means of centrifugation in an albumin column. Essentially pure trypomastigote populations are now being employed in cell culture experiments.
A 50-Year-Old Woman With Spinal Stenosis-Reply
Authors: Steven R. Garfin
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —I appreciate but take issue with the concerns raised by Dr Levy. In the Clinical Crossroads article, spinal stenosis was highlighted, but the discussion included many nonoperative options, though perhaps not in great detail. The treatment recommended was tempered by the fact that the 50-year-old patient did not have clear, unequivocal findings. For years, prior to obtaining the concurrent diagnosis of spinal stenosis, she had been treated for fibromyalgia with anti-inflammatory agents, antidepressants, analgesics, and multiple other therapeutic modalities, including recommendations for exercise. The authors of both letters have given examples of treatment options for this patient, including dosages of medications, therapeutic modalities, worksite assessment, and psychiatric evaluation and treatment. I strongly endorse these recommendations, as I alluded to in the discussion. It is exactly because of the vagaries of not only the diagnosis, but also the treatment in a patient such as this that my recommendation does
Information Systems for Patient Care
Authors: Edward H. Shortliffe
Journal: JAMA (1985)

At a time when interest among physicians and other health personnel in clinical computing is rapidly growing, it is gratifying to see the appearance of a carefully planned collection that surveys some of the best modern work in medical information science. Although a few of the 36 papers in Blum's volume were written specifically for this book, most originally appeared in the<i>Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care</i>, the large annual conference on medical computing, which is entering its ninth year. The papers selected are among the best presented at that meeting, although they reflect the inevitable variability in writing style and technical detail that characterizes most conferences in this interdisciplinary field. The emphasis of the collection is on information systems—ones that handle clinical data for patient care, communication, or research. Thus, there is no coverage of engineering applications (such as ECG analysis, image processing,
What we imagine versus how we imagine, and a problem for explaining counterfactual thoughts with causal ones
Authors: Winston Chang and Patricia Herrmann
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract Causal and counterfactual thoughts are bound together in Byrne's theory of human imagination. We think there are two issues in her theory that deserve clarification. First, Byrne describes which counterfactual possibilities we think of, but she leaves unexplained the mechanisms by which we generate these possibilities. Second, her exploration of “strong causes” and enablers gives two different predictions of which counterfactuals we think of in causal scenarios. On one account, we think of the counterfactuals which we have control over. On the other, which counterfactuals we think of depends on whether something is a strong cause or an enabler. Although these two accounts sometimes give the same predictions, we present cases in which they differ, and we would like to see Byrne's theory provide a way of reconciling these differences.
Quiescent nasal T/NK cell lymphoma manifested as primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Kun-Huei Yeh, Huang-Chun Lien, Su-Ming Hsu, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

A 57-year-old man was diagnosed as primary T/NK-cell central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) with intraocular involvement. However, review of a surgical specimen taken three years before for chronic paranasal sinusitis revealed an overlooked nasal T/NK cell lymphoma (TNKL), which showed similar histomorphology and immunophenotype with the CNS disease. Another patient, a 43-year-old woman, was initially diagnosed as a rare primary leptomeningeal T-cell lymphoma with ocular manifestation. Three years later, an isolated nasal TNKL emerged. Immunohistochemical and cytogenetic studies confirmed the same nature of the CNSL and the nasal TNKL. The nasal TNKLs of both patients had a strong expression of CD3, CD56, and Epstein-Barr virus antigens, but features of angiodestruction and mucosal ulceration were absent. We propose that: 1. a locally silent “quiescent” form of nasal TNKL may exist; and 2. a thorough examination and even blind biopsy of the nasal cavity is indicated when primary T/NK-cell CNSL is diagnosed. Am. J. Hematol. 60:161–163, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Rethinking WHO Guidance
Authors: Nancy L Kerr
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

I write due to concern that persons who wish to restrict misoprostol use, because of personal biases against termination of pregnancy, might attempt to use the article by Chu, Brhlikova, and Pollock to influence policy. The safety and efficacy of misoprostol has been demonstrated in hospital settings, and does not merit debate.

The authors review only four studies of misoprostol use in community and home births. Studies of community and home births are difficult, comparison with placebo is deemed unethical by many, and blinding of misoprostol use is essentially impossible due to the shivering. The one study, by Hoj, which utilized a placebo found a significant difference in severe blood loss, the outcome (other than death) which is most critical. The authors attempt to discredit studies due to exclusion of high risk patients. The exclusion criteria listed for the Mobeen study include planning not to deliver at the birth center, previous Cesarean section, and ‘unlikely to deliver vaginally’, conditions which would appropriately and ethically mandate referral for hospital delivery. The excluded women would be at increased risk of uterine rupture, which is not primarily treated with uterotonics. They note that Mobeen's study shows that PPH rates in both groups decreased as the study progressed, and hypothesized this was due to later-recruited midwives being more skilled. This supports the use of misoprostol by less-skilled birth attendants, rather than not using it at all, if one wants to decrease PPH.

Oxytocin alone does not always work, whether for induction of labor or prevention or treatment of hemorrhage. Those of us who attend births in the developed world often use misoprostol in addition to oxytocin. I would hate to have misoprostol withdrawn from my pharmacopeia in the USA. The issue is not whether WHO should keep misoprostol on the essential drug list, but rather who should be allowed access to misoprostol, which is an issue that each nation should decide, depending on its own national needs and priorities.
Two elliptocytogenic alpha I/74 variants of the spectrin alpha I domain. Spectrin Culoz (GGT----GTT; alpha I 40 Gly----Val) and spectrin Lyon (CTT----TTT; alpha I 43 Leu---Phe).
Authors: L Morlé, A F Roux, N Alloisio, B Pothier, J Starck, L Denoroy, F Morlé, R C Rudigoz, B G Forget, J Delaunay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Spectrin alpha I/74 elliptocytosis results from abnormalities involving the "head" region of spectrin dimer. Increased susceptibility to trypsin enhances cleavage of the alpha spectrin chain, yielding an increased amount of the alpha I 74-kD fragment at the expense of the alpha I 80-kD parent fragment. Recently we showed that the mutations causing the Sp alpha I/74 abnormality may lie in the alpha- or the beta-chain, and that spectrin Culoz and spectrin Lyon were two (alpha I/74) alpha-variants, respectively. We now show that the spectrin Culoz alpha I domain undergoes prominent tryptic cleavage after Lys 42, whereas cleavage prevails after Arg 39 in spectrin Lyon. Applying the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to exon 2 of the spectrin alpha I domain, we have established that the mutation responsible for spectrin Culoz is alpha I 40 Gly----Val; GGT----GTT. Applying the PCR technique to the cDNA derived from reticulocyte mRNA, we have shown that the mutation responsible for spectrin Lyon is alpha I 43 Leu----Phe; CTT----TTT. Studies of normal controls and of family members using dot blot hybridization with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes confirmed these results. Variants such as spectrin Culoz and spectrin Lyon should provide insight into a region that participates in spectrin dimer self-association and whose susceptibility to proteolysis must reflect subtle conformational changes.
Recent advances in negative ion mass spectrometry.
Authors: J H Bowie
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The paper describes theoretical and applied applications of negative ion chemistry carried out at Adelaide during the past five years. kinetic energy release in negative metastable ion decompositions is described, with particular reference to simple cleavage reactions, rearrangement reactions, and reactions which proceed by dual mechanisms. The application of deuterium isotope effects as a mechanistic probe is illustrated by reference to the elimination of ketene from quinone acetate negative ions. Charge stripping of a negative ion yields a decomposing positive ion, which produces a dissociative charge inversion spectrum of the negative ion. This technique allows the study of positive ions not available by conventional ionization; it provides a fingerprint for the parent positive ion produced in the collision process, and it may be used to determine the structure of the precursor negative ion. Finally, a combination of a negative ion spectrum and a charge inversion spectrum may be used as an analytical technique for the structure determination of unknown molecules.
Comparison of Electron Beam Computed Tomography With Intracoronary Ultrasound and Coronary Angiography for Detection of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Dietrich Baumgart, Axel Schmermund, Guenter Goerge, Michael Haude, Junbo Ge, Michael Adamzik, Cornelia Sehnert, Klaus Altmaier, Dietrich Groenemeyer, Rainer Seibel, Raimund Erbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Ethics of a Randomized Trial of Periconceptual Vitamins
Authors: Andrew Czeizel, Gabriella Fritz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  We would like to comment on the article by Mulinare et al. 1 In Hungary, we are also trying to test the efficacy of periconceptional multivitamin supplementation 2 in the reduction of first occurrences of neural tube defects. 3 At the first visit, women seeking family planning are informed about the purpose of multivitamin use. Those who agree are asked to sign a form of consent and instructed to take capsules for 1 month before planned conception and for 3 months after the last menstrual period.  Study.—  In a double-blind study, a single capsule of vitamins and minerals (Elevit Pronatal) or placebo is taken each day. The composition of the capsule of vitamins and minerals is as follows: vitamin A, 6000 IU; thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B 1 ), 1.6 mg; riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ), 1.8 mg; niacinamide (nicotinamide), 19.0 mg; pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B 6 ), 2.6 mg; calcium
Immunohistochemical changes in the jejunum in first degree relatives of patients with coeliac disease and the coeliac disease marker DQ genes. HLA class II antigen expression, interleukin-2 receptor positive cells and dividing crypt cells.
Authors: K Holm, E Savilahti, S Koskimies, V Lipsanen, M Maki
Journal: Gut (1994)

The staining of HLA class II antigens, the presence of cells positive for interleukin-2 receptors, the proportion of crypt cells in mitosis in the jejunal biopsy specimens, and the dose of coeliac disease marker HLA-DQ genes were studied in 75 healthy family members of coeliac disease patients. Eleven had silent coeliac disease; in the rest the morphology of the jejunum was normal. In the specimens from family members, staining of epithelial cells with HLA-DP and -DR antibodies was more widely distributed and stronger than in those from 19 controls. Interleukin-2 receptor+ cells were seen in the epithelium of all eight specimens from subjects with silent coeliac disease, and also in 24 morphologically normal specimens from family members, but not in the 19 control specimens. The proportion of crypt cells in mitosis was increased only in the specimens from the subjects with silent coeliac disease. The staining intensity of the epithelial cells with HLA-DP and -DR antibodies, the presence of interleukin-2 receptor+ cells and the percentage of crypt cells in mitosis were significantly associated with the number of coeliac disease marker DQB genes. Many family members of patients with coeliac disease have signs of inflammation even in morphologically normal jejunum; these inflammatory changes together with coeliac disease marker DQ genes may point to latent disease in these subjects.