tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Her-2/neu and INT2 Proto-oncogene Amplification in Malignant Breast Tumors in Relation to Reproductive Factors and Exposure to Exogenous Hormones
Authors: H. Olsson, A. Borg, M. Ferno, J. Ranstam, H. Sigurdsson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Her-2/neu and INT2 Proto-oncogene Amplification in Malignant Breast Tumors in Relation to Reproductive Factors and Exposure to Exogenous Hormones Get access Håkan Olsson, Håkan Olsson * Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden * Correspondence to: Hakan Olsson, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Lund S-221 85, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Åke Borg, Åke Borg Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mårten Fernö, Mårten Fernö Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jonas Ranstam, Jonas Ranstam Department of Community Health Science, Malmo General HospitalMalmo, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Helgi Sigurdsson Helgi Sigurdsson Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 20, 16 October 1991, Pages 1483–1487, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.20.1483 Published: 16 October 1991 Article history Received: 04 January 1991 Revision received: 01 July 1991 Accepted: 16 July 1991 Published: 16 October 1991
A SIMPLE CLASS-ROOM METHOD FOR GROWING ANAEROBIC CULTURES.
Authors: LEONARD K. HIRSHBERG
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The difficulty experienced by all instructors in bacteriology in having each student successfully cultivate anaerobic organisms, induces me to bring this simple method before those who teach this subject to large bodies of students. The method is applicable to all anaërobes and it was first tested by our last class of fifty students, the great majority of whom thus effectively grew cultures of<i>B. aerogenes capsulatus</i>(Welch),<i>B. anthracis symptomatici, B. ædematis maligni</i>and others. A stab culture of the organism is made in an ordinary non-slanted agar tube. A second agar tube is melted in a water bath and allowed to cool to 40 C. The cooled solution of agar is then impregnated with two cubic centimeters of pyrogallic acid which has been freshly prepared by adding to one part of water an equal quantity of the acid and an equal quantity of a 5 per cent. sodium hydroxid
Cytomegalovirus infection associated with lower urinary tract symptoms.
Authors: J G Davies, C M Taylor, R H White, R H George, D R Purdham
Journal: BMJ (1979)

died six months later with no further pain and without recurrence of the gynaecomastia, the tamoxifen having been stopped after two months.Case 2-A 67-year-old smoker was treated with radiotherapy to an inoperable squamous-cell carcinoma of the bronchus.Four months later he complained of painful, bilateral, asymmetrical gynaecomastia and wrist pain.Radiographs of the wrists were suggestive but not diagnostic of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy.The breast and wrist pain disappeared within two weeks after starting tamoxifen, which was continued for a further three months.He died seven months later with no further symptoms from gynaecomastia or his wrists.Case 3-This man, aged 73, had a long history of ischaemic heart disease with biventricular failure.He had received digoxin, spironolactone, and frusemide for several years, and when seen he had painful bilateral gynaecomastia.The digoxin and spironolactone were discontinued with no relief of pain.A biopsy specimen showed normal breast tissue.Analgesics were given for two months, with no relief.Tamoxifen was then begun and produced complete relief of pain within one week.Tamoxifen was stopped after six weeks with no recurrence of pain.The treatment caused no appreciable problems of fluid retention in this patient.
Adenovirus-mediated expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant in rat liver induces a neutrophilic hepatitis
Authors: J J Maher, M K Scott, J M Saito, M C Burton
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

C–X–C chemokines are potent chemoattractants that are believed to mediate neutrophilic inflammation in several organs. Recent studies suggest a role for C–X–C chemokines in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic hepatitis but do not prove causation. We investigated the biological consequences of hepatic chemokine production in vivo by transiently overexpressing cytokine–induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC), a member of the C–X–C chemokine family, in intact rats. Rats were injected intraportally with a replication–defective recombinant adenovirus containing the CINC complementary DNA (cDNA). Within 4 days, treated animals had high levels of CINC in both liver tissue and plasma Rats overexpressing CINC exhibited an eightfold increase in circulating neutrophils; they also developed severe hepatic injury, characterized by a 6– to 25–fold increase in plasma transaminases and marked hepatic inflammation on biopsy. Liver disease in CINC–producing rats correlated positively with the number of neutrophils sequestered in the hepatic parenchyma. Tissue injury was attributed directly to chemokine overproduction, because control rats infected with adenoviruses lacking the CINC cDNA did not produce CINC and developed only minor hepatic abnormalities. These experiments provide direct evidence that C–X–C chemokines, when expressed in sufficient quantity in the liver in vivo, induce neutrophil recruitment and tissue invasion and provoke severe liver injury. The data suggest that C–X–C chemokines have important pathogenic potential in both clinical and experimental liver disease.
Pharmacologic approaches to protection against radiation-induced lethality and other damage.
Authors: J F Weiss
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Studies on mechanisms of radioprotection are leading to a more rational use of protectors for different applications. In considering the feasibility of radioprotectors that act through various mechanisms, it is necessary to distinguish the application needed, e.g., protection against accidental external or internal exposures, acute high-dose radiation injury or low doses over a long period, high-LET radiation exposures during space flight, and protection of normal tissues of cancer patients who are undergoing therapy. Protectors generally are classified as either sulfhydryl compounds, other antioxidants, or receptor-mediated agents (e.g., bioactive lipids, cytokines, and growth factors). This review focuses on comparative radioprotection and toxicity studies in mice using the most effective phosphorothioate agents designated as WR-compounds and other classes of protectors. The superiority of phosphorothioates (WR-2721, WR-151327) as radioprotectors appears to be related to their high affinity for DNA and the similarity in structure of phosphorothioate metabolites to polyamines, and their effects on processes related to DNA structure and synthesis. Drug tolerance levels are available from clinical trials using WR-2721 (amifostine) and provide a basis for discussions of the disadvantages of phosphorothioate administration outside a clinical setting. In this regard, arguments are presented against the current use of WR-2721 by Department of Energy personnel for planned radiation exposures during emergencies. Future research may demonstrate, however, that pharmacologic agents could be useful in accident scenarios, especially when used in combination with therapeutic measures. Assessment of potential prophylactic measures should consider compatibility with therapeutic measures currently in use or ones that might be available in the future for the treatment of radiation injuries. These include antiemetics, purified stem cells, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and other cytokines. Their potential usefulness against radiation-induced mutagenesis of pre- and postexposure administration of phosphorothioates and other classes of protectors should be corroborated in humans.
Urocanic acid isomers in human skin: analysis of site variation
Authors: G. KAVANAGH, J. CROSBY, M. NORVAL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Urocanic acid (UCA) is found in the stratum corneum as the trans-isomer and, on ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, photoisomerization into cis-UCA takes place. Cis-UCA has been suggested to play a part in UV-induced immunosuppression. In the present study, the concentration of UCA and the percentage as cis-UCA at 10 different body sites of 20 normal volunteers were analysed. A large interindividual variation in total UCA concentration was found, but the mean UCA concentration in each site was similar, other than at the sole of the foot. There was little variation in the UCA content between sites normally exposed, and not exposed, to light, but the percentage of UCA in the cis form was clearly higher at exposed areas.
Nonclassic Functions of Human Topoisomerase I: Genome-Wide and Pharmacologic Analyses
Authors: Ze-Hong Miao, Audrey Player, Uma Shankavaram, Yong-Hong Wang, Drazen B. Zimonjic, Philip L. Lorenzi, Zhi-Yong Liao, Hong Liu, Tsutomu Shimura, Hong-Liang Zhang, Ling-Hua Meng, Yong-Wei Zhang, Ernest S. Kawasaki, Nicholas C. Popescu, Mirit I. Aladjem, David J. Goldstein, John N. Weinstein, Yves Pommier
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The biological functions of nuclear topoisomerase I (Top1) have been difficult to study because knocking out TOP1 is lethal in metazoans. To reveal the functions of human Top1, we have generated stable Top1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) cell lines from colon and breast carcinomas (HCT116-siTop1 and MCF-7-siTop1, respectively). In those clones, Top1 is reduced ∼5-fold and Top2α compensates for Top1 deficiency. A prominent feature of the siTop1 cells is genomic instability, with chromosomal aberrations and histone γ-H2AX foci associated with replication defects. siTop1 cells also show rDNA and nucleolar alterations and increased nuclear volume. Genome-wide transcription profiling revealed 55 genes with consistent changes in siTop1 cells. Among them, asparagine synthetase (ASNS) expression was reduced in siTop1 cells and in cells with transient Top1 down-regulation. Conversely, Top1 complementation increased ASNS, indicating a causal link between Top1 and ASNS expression. Correspondingly, pharmacologic profiling showed l-asparaginase hypersensitivity in the siTop1 cells. Resistance to camptothecin, indenoisoquinoline, aphidicolin, hydroxyurea, and staurosporine and hypersensitivity to etoposide and actinomycin D show that Top1, in addition to being the target of camptothecins, also regulates DNA replication, rDNA stability, and apoptosis. Overall, our studies show the pleiotropic nature of human Top1 activities. In addition to its classic DNA nicking-closing functions, Top1 plays critical nonclassic roles in genomic stability, gene-specific transcription, and response to various anticancer agents. The reported cell lines and approaches described in this article provide new tools to perform detailed functional analyses related to Top1 function. [Cancer Res 2007;67(18):8752–61]
DOES NORMAL KIDNEY TISSUE PERMIT THE PASSAGE OF TUBERCLE BACILLI?
Authors: WILLIAM M. SPITZER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Whether normal kidney tissue will permit the passage of tubercle bacilli from the body into the urine is a matter of utmost importance, and to answer this question conclusively is the aim of this report. If it can be proved that the tubercle bacillus does not pass through the normal kidney, the following points are of value to the practicing physician and to the patient: First, if a given patient has had tubercle bacilli in the urine at any time, as demonstrated by guinea-pig inoculation, and such a person comes to autopsy, the absence of a tuberculous lesion in the kidney or any other part of the genital or urinary tracts would be good evidence to show that tuberculosis of the kidney could heal spontaneously. And if this occurred often enough to preclude the probability of error, it would be proof of such spontaneous healing. Until this work is done
An elastic band exercise program improved fitness in older adults who use wheelchairs in nursing homes
Authors: Calvin Hirsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Chen KM, Li CH, Chang YH, Huang HT, Cheng YY. An elastic band exercise program for older adults using wheelchairs in Taiwan nursing homes: a cluster randomized trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52:30-8. 25037651
Anergy--a prognostic indicator in early breast cancer.
Authors: A R Turnbull, D T Turner, J B Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1978)

line was inserted and an arteriovenous shunt created in the left leg.After haemodialysis for eight hours the patient passed urine for the first time in 48 hours.A diuresis occurred over the next two days and the blood chemistry reverted to normal.On the fifth day after admission a left deep vein throm- bosis developed, which was treated with intermittent subcutaneous heparin 5000 units eight-hourly.The maternal and fetal conditions remained satisfactory and urinary and plasma oestriol concentrations were within normal limits.After 36 weeks' amenorrhoea spontaneous labour occurred and a healthy male infant weighing 3-6 kg was delivered.The puerperium was uncomplicated.Anticoagulation was continued for six weeks.Urine analysis and blood pressure were normal.Two weeks after delivery an intravenous pyelogram and renal scan showed normal postnatal appearances with slightly dilated collecting systems.At the postnatal visit mother and baby were well.
Hormone Treatment of Prostatic Hypertrophy
Authors: S. M. Dowling
Journal: BMJ (1938)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To report a case of Post-Malaria Neurological Syndrome presenting in the US in a returning Peace Corps volunteer <h3>Background:</h3> Post-Malaria Neurological Syndrome (PMNS) is a rare post-infectious encephalitis which occurs 4 to 60 days after recovery from severe <i>falciparum</i> malaria. There is a proclivity for non-immune travelers visiting endemic areas. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> A 24-year-old man presented with acute onset fever, impaired consciousness, tremors and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. One month prior he had successfully completed treatment for P. <i>falciparum</i> malaria contracted while working in Togo, Africa. On exam temperature was 38.0 C. He exhibited neck rigidity with Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. Glasgow Coma Scale was 6. There was generalized hyper-reflexia. Babinski signs were absent. Peripheral WBC 15.3, Neutrophils 76%. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis: WBC 65, lymphocytes 91%, protein 65, Glucose 64. Four malaria smears, DNA PCR and malaria antigen were negative. CSF infectious panel was also negative. Patient received empiric antibiotics with no improvement. After initiation of high dose glucocorticoids he demonstrated rapid improvement with complete recovery in seven days. <h3>Results:</h3> PMNS must be distinguished from relapse of malaria or cerebral malaria (CM). CM is an encephalopathy occurring during acute malaria infection where parasitemia and other manifestations of malaria such as acidosis, hemolysis, renal and hepatic failure are also present. In PMNS, there is a disease-free interval between treated malaria and the onset of neurological symptoms, parasitemia is absent and other organ systems are not involved. MRI abnormalities consist of increased T2-weighted signal in periventricular area, internal capsule, pons, thalamus and corona radiata. It is usually self-limited, lasting 2–14 days, and requires no specific treatment. Steroids may play a role in severe cases. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> It is prudent to consider and distinguish the diagnosis of Post Malaria Neurological Syndrome in a patient who presents with new onset neurological symptoms with recent malaria infection in the background. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Waseem has nothing to disclose. Dr. Singh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bradshaw has received research support from Cytokinetics, Catalyst.
Comparison of results of rotational atherectomy for coronary ostial stenosis in diabetics versus nondiabetics
Authors: Koichi Kishi, Yoshikazu Hiasa, Koji Yamaguchi, Kensuke Fujiwara, Riyo Ogura, Yoshikazu Ohara, Teru Nada, Kenichiro Yuba, Kanji Kusunoki, Tatsuro Ogata, Takefumi Takahashi, Shinobu Hosokawa, Ryuji Otani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Is It a Swindle?
Authors: Thomas Hubbard
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Toledo, Ohio, Oct. 28,1893. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Some months ago a lady representing herself as the granddaughter of Dr. McDowell, canvassed this and neighboring cities, taking orders for the "Biography of McDowell." She represented that she needed the money, and most of those who subscribed paid cash. She must have received over fifty orders here, and several hundred each in Detroit and Cleveland, nearly all paying cash. We can not get any clue to her location nor can we get the books. The publisher says that the edition is exhausted and not paid for and of course will print no more. Considering the<i>possible</i>magnitude of the swindle, I write to ascertain how to check it. If you desire it, can get the statements of those who paid in this city. Yours truly,
Fulminant Hepatic Failure After Occupational Exposure to 2-Nitropropane
Authors: ROBERT HARRISON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Two construction workers became ill after applying an epoxy resin coating containing 2-nitropropane in the confined space of an underground concrete vault. One man died 10 days later from fulminant hepatic failure. The second man recovered but has had persistently elevated serum aminotransferase activity. The serum concentration of 2-nitropropane on admission of the man who died was 13 mg/L, and was 8.5 mg/L in his coworker. The acute toxicity of 2-nitropropane has not been widely appreciated despite previous reports of death due to hepatic failure after exposure to the compound in confined spaces. These cases show the importance of effective education and protective work practices.
Tc-99m MAG3 Renography in Renal Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Finnish-Type Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: RICHARD J. LOGES, MARK TULCHINSKY, DANIELLE K. BOAL, MARK A. TULLI, DOUGLAS F. EGGLI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Scintigraphic findings in renal vein thrombosis (RVT) have been well described on studies performed with Tc-99m DPTA, Tc-99m glucoheptonate, and I-131 orthoiodohippurate. The authors could find no reports of RVT findings on Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) imaging. Tc-99m MAG3 renal scintigraphy in an infant with RVT because of Finnish-type congenital nephrotic syndrome is described. Correlative ultrasound and inferior vena cava venogram findings are presented.
Early skin testing is effective for diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions occurring during anesthesia
Authors: A. Lafuente, G. Javaloyes, F. Berroa, M. J. Goikoetxea, R. Moncada, J. M. Núñez‐Córdoba, P. Cabrera‐Freitag, C. D'Amelio, M. L. Sanz, G. Gastaminza
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Allergic skin tests have to be performed 4–6 weeks after an allergic anesthetic reaction. Patients with allergic reactions during anesthesia were prospectively included ( n = 44). Skin tests were performed in two stages: (i) Stage 1 (S1), 0–4 days after the reaction; and (ii) Stage 2 (S2), 4–8 weeks after. Five (11.5%) surgical procedures were suspended due to the reaction. Positive skin tests were obtained in 25/44 patients (57%). Allergic diagnosis was carried out at S1 in 15/25 (60%) and at S2 in 10/25 (40%). Three patients resulted positive only in S1. Overall agreement among S1 and S2 skin tests was 70.45%. The kappa statistic was 0.41 ( P ‐value = 0.002). Odds ratio of obtaining a false negative in S1 (compared with S2) was 3.33. Early allergological study is useful, could minimize false negatives, but should be considered as a complement to late skin tests.
Modified STING-activating cyclic dinucleotide derivatives significantly enhance the anti-tumor activity of therapeutic vaccines
Authors: Meredith Leong, David Kanne, Laura Glickman, Edward Lemmens, Peter Lauer, Ken Metchette, Dara Burdette, Elie Diner, Juan Fu, Kevin Soares, Dirk Brockstedt, Daniel Portnoy, Russell Vance, Young Kim, Elizabeth Jaffee, Drew Pardoll, Thomas Dubensky
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The STING signaling pathway has emerged as a central TLR-independent mediator of host innate defense in response to sensing cytosolic nucleic acids, either through direct binding of CDNs secreted by intracellular bacteria, or through binding of a structurally distinct CDN produced
Arthritis drug should be removed from market, says consumer group
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In a petition last month to the Food and Drug Administration, Public Citizen, a Washington based consumer watchdog, asked that leflunomide (Arava) be removed from the market.

Leflunomide was first marketed in the United States in September 1998 to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Over the next three years, it was associated with at least 130 cases of severe liver toxicity, including 56 admissions to hospital and 12 deaths, according to FDA data. Two of those who died were in their 20s. …
Protective effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on allergic airway inflammation depends on the intensity and chronicity of infection
Authors: Hermelijn H. Smits, Hamida Hammad, Menno van Nimwegen, Thomas Soullie, Monique A. Willart, Ellen Lievers, Jonathan Kadouch, Mirjam Kool, Janneke Kos-van Oosterhoud, André M. Deelder, Bart N. Lambrecht, Maria Yazdanbakhsh
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Oarsman No. 7 Recalls 1924 Glory Days
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1976)

A self-described "miserable highjumper" who became an oarsman on an undefeated rowing crew recalls no particular personal psychological stress at the 1924 Olympics. The jumper-turned-rower is Benjamin Spock, MD, whose book on infant and child care has sold some 25 million copies in this country alone. He was No. 7 oar in the Yale University shell that won that event on the Seine River in Paris a half-century ago. That trip to France was the first abroad for the future physician, author, and presidential candidate, and, in his words, "everything was exciting about it." But, in retrospect, he thinks the real competitive tension came before the Yale crew even left the United States. "The Olympic trials were on the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia. That was a wildly close race. We came down the whole 2,000-meter [slightly more than a mile] course a quarterlength behind what was called the Navy officers'