tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enlarging Our View of the Diabetic Kidney
Authors: Stephen L. Gluck, Saulo Klahr
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Diabetic nephropathy is now the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Heavy proteinuria and progressive loss of glomerular filtration are late manifestations of the disease and usually portend end-stage diabetic glomerulosclerosis. The current approach to diabetic nephropathy is to identify patients who are either at risk for diabetic renal disease or at an early stage of the disease, and to try to prevent the progressive loss of renal function. It was established 30 years ago that the glomerular filtration rate increases early in the course of the disease in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and subsequent studies have . . .
Natural History of Streptococcus Faecalis Endocarditis
Authors: C. C. S. Toh, K. P. Bali
Journal: BMJ (1960)

ANAEMIA IN PREGNANCY MBAJORNsAThe present investigation has confirmed that a deficiency of folic acid is very common in late pregnancy, and can readily be prevented by prophylactic admini- stration of this vitamin.The risk of inducing neuro- logical changes in an unrecognized case of Addisonian anaemia, in this age-group and with such a short course of treatment, is exceedingly slight.We therefore have not thought it necessary to add vitamin B12 to our prophylactic regimen.Over the age of 30, however, patients with megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy should be investigated with Addisonian anaemia in mind.In the two hospitals concerned no case has been found in association with pregnancy during the last three years.Francis and Scott (1959) appear to have reached similar conclusions. SummaryIn order to study the routine administration of folic acid during the last trimester of pregnancy, the haemo- globin levels at term of 758 women treated with folic acid and iron have been compared with 721 controls treated with iron alone.The mean haemoglobin in the group treated with folic acid was 82.2%, as against 79.82% in the controls.The difference of 2.38% is statistically significant (P<0.01).Folic acid appeared to raise the haemoglobin not only of anaemic patients but also of normal women, resulting in a higher haemoglobin value at all levels.A comparison of the 721 controls with 983 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic before routine iron prophylaxis in hospital was begun has shown a rise in the haemoglobin at term from 73.4 to 79.82%.66% of women had haemoglobins of less than 80% when they first attended hospital, but in the majority the anaemia responded to treatment even in the control group.In at least 20% of patients who remained anaemic despite treatment there was a sharp rise in the haemoglobin after delivery.A further 66 cases of megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy have been reported, 45 of which were diagnosed during the period of the folic-acid trial.There were no cases of the disease in the group treated with folic acid, but the incidence in the control group was also somewhat lower than in the past.The overall inicidence was 1.2% of all hospital confinements.In 14 out of 41 cases of megaloblastic anaemia there was evidence of diminished fat-absorption.Our thanks are due to Mr. L. M. Edwards for his co-operation throughout this investigation, and to Mr. A. C. Key, F.LM.L.T., for the biochemical findings; to Miss Kathleen Weaver, A.I.M.L
The fasciae of the face: An anatomic and histologic analysis
Authors: Leonard M. Dzubow
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1986)

The face has two distinct fascial components—a superficial layer and a deep layer. The anatomy of the fasciae in relation to surgically significant vessels, nerves, and muscles is examined with anatomic and histologic specimens. The face has two distinct fascial components—a superficial layer and a deep layer. The anatomy of the fasciae in relation to surgically significant vessels, nerves, and muscles is examined with anatomic and histologic specimens.
Paradoxical Stimulation of Prolactin Secretion by L&amp;ndash;Dopa in Metastatic Prostate Cancer and Its Possible Role in Prostate&amp;ndash;Cancer&amp;ndash;Related Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Paolo Lissoni, Mario Mandal&agrave;, Franco Rovelli, Marina Casu, Francesco Rocco, Gabriele Tancini, Epifanio Scardino
Journal: European Urology (2000)
Cutaneous necrosis associated with the antiphospholipid syndrome and mycosis fungoides
Authors: V.A. HILL, S.J. WHITTAKER, B.J. HUNT, K. LIDDELL, M.F. SPITTLE, N.P. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

The development of extensive cutaneous necrosis in a patient with tumour‐stage mycosis fungoides is described. Skin biopsies showed a lymphomatous infiltrate, and thrombosis of dermal blood vessels. Investigation revealed the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies, a lupus anticoagulant, and low free protein S, which contributed to a prothrombotic state. Antiphospholipid antibodies have been detected in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, but clinical manifestations are uncommon. Such autoantibodies may be produced by neoplastic lymphoid cells. The frequency with which antiphospholipid antibodies occur in mycosis fungoides is currently unknown.
THE PRESIDENT'S COMMISSION ON THE HEALTH NEEDS OF THE NATION
Authors: Paul B. Magnuson
Journal: JAMA (1952)

ABSTRACT To the Editor: —Recently I delivered before the 23rd Annual Scientific Assembly of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia a paper entitled Mental Processes of the President's Health  which will be published in full in the December issue of that organization's Medical Annals. Since I have often been asked why I accepted the chairmanship of the Health Commission, the following excerpts from that paper may be of interest to the medical profession generally.When the President of the United States called me in last November and asked me to head a Commission to get at the facts involved in the whole health issue, neither he nor I did any pussyfooting. I told the President that I was unalterably opposed to compulsory health insurance, and that I would never be a party to any scheme designed to further such a plan. The President replied that he had made
Clostridium botulinum was named because of association with "sausage poisoning"
Authors: J. K Torrens
Journal: BMJ (1998)

patient.Surely this is an argument not for compliance but for concordance.Thirdly, they remind us that threats to the public health (posed, in their example, by non-compliant patients with open pulmonary tuberculosis) demand nothing less than strict compliance with drug treatment, in the public interest.There are similar examples from forensic mental health.Nothing in the concept of concordance asserts the necessary primacy of individual autonomy over the needs of society.In setting out our agenda of research, training, and public awareness, our working party was only too aware that we were not providing definitive answers to the problems caused by non-compliance in medicine taking.Rather, we wished to suggest a more productive way of asking the questions
Endoscopic Removal of Benign Gastroduodenal Tumours
Authors: B. Moulinier, J. Faivre, F. Marchat, F. Lesbros, R. Lambert
Journal: Endoscopy (1975)

Endoscopic removal applies to sessile or pediculated gastroduodenal tumours of benign aspect, whose size is inferior to 2 cm. It is a fairly safe technique: accidents in 4.6% cases and no death in these cases concerning 150 snare polypectomies. Endoscopic removal allows an accurate histological diagnosis and makes it possible to adopt a reasoned behaviour. An endoscopic control is necessary one month after the removal, and in case of adenomatous polyp an endoscopic examination is advisable every two years.
Endovascular radiation reduces vascular lesion formation (VLF) after balloon injury (BI) of pig coronary arteries by inhibiting cell proliferation
Authors: Ron Waksman, Keith A. Robinson, Neal A. Scott, Ian R. Crocke, Spencer B. King, Cheryl E. Ross, Gustavo D. Cipolla, Josiah N. Wilcox
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Effect of a Digitalis Drug on Ventricular Premature Beats
Authors: Bernard Lown, Thomas B. Graboys, Philip J. Podrid, Barry H. Cohen, Mark B. Stockman, Charles E. Gauchan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

To determine the efficacy of digitalis drugs in suppressing ventricular ectopic activity, 142 patients with frequent (greater than 1 per minute) ventricular premature beats underwent acetyl strophanthidin tolerance testing. In 65 patients (46 per cent), frequency and grade were reduced during testing. In 37 (26 per cent), the ectopic activity remained unaltered; frequency increased during testing in the remaining 40 patients (28 per cent). In the group with a suppressive effect, ventricular premature beats decreased by 82 per cent, with complete abolition of arrhythmias in 46 per cent. The three groups were not distinguishable clinically by either the type or the extent of heart disease. The antiarrhythmic action of acetyl strophanthidin did not appear to depend upon its positive inotropic action. In some patients it appears to be due to an indirect reduction of Purkinje-fiber automaticity resulting from enhanced vagus-nerve activity that thereby lessens adrenergic tone on the heart.
Technical aspects of enteral nutrition.
Authors: M Keymling
Journal: Gut (1994)

Advances in technical aspects of enteral feeding such as the manufacture of tubes from polyurethane or silicone have helped promote the science of enteral nutrition. Nasoenteral tubes have few complications, apart from a high unwanted extubation rate and some reluctance from patients because of cosmetic unacceptability. Needle jejunostomy has low morbidity but can only be placed at laparotomy. Percutaneous gastrotomy (in all its different guises) has been established as a low risk procedure and is the access route of choice for longterm enteral feeding, in particular for cancer, geriatric, and neurological patients.
Multiple interspecies transmissions of human and simian T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I sequences
Authors: K. A. Crandall
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

Using two sets of nucleotide sequences of the human and simian T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I/STLV-I), one consisting of 522 bp of the env gene from 70 viral strains and the other a 140-bp segment from the pol gene of 52 viral strains, I estimated cladograms based on a statistical parsimony procedure that was developed specifically to estimate within-species gene trees. An extension of a nesting procedure is offered for sequence data that forms nested clades used in hypothesis testing. The nested clades were used to test three hypotheses relating to transmission of HTLV/STLV sequences: (1) Have cross-species transmissions occurred and, if so, how many? (2) In what direction have they occurred? (3) What are the geographic relationships of these transmission events? The analyses support a range of 11-16 cross-species transmissions throughout the history of these sequences. Additionally, outgroup weights were assigned to haplotypes using arguments from coalescence theory to infer directionality of transmission events. Conclusions on geographic origins of transmission events and particular viral strains are inconclusive due to small samples and inadequate sampling design. Finally, this approach is compared directly to results obtained from a traditional maximum parsimony approach and found to be superior at establishing relationships and identifying instances of transmission.
New Stress Test Agents Reduce Adverse Effects
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Partial reversal of asymmetry in microvessel neurochemical changes after ischemia by corpus callosum section.
Authors: M S Magnoni, H Kobayashi, S Govoni, F Battaini, G Pasinetti, M Trabucchi
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Common carotid occlusion in the rat significantly decreases the density of beta-adrenergic receptors in preparations of microvessels obtained from ipsilateral and contralateral cerebral cortices. The disruption of nerve pathways connecting the hemispheres (callosal transection) partially reverses the effect of common carotid occlusion on beta-adrenergic receptor density in capillaries of the contralateral cortex. In addition, the destruction of the central noradrenergic system by intraventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine abolishes the effect of ischemia on capillary beta-adrenergic receptor function in both hemispheres. The results suggest that beta-adrenergic receptors located on microvessels are partially regulated by neuronal pathways and that focal ischemia induces neurochemical and functional changes in remote areas of the brain.
The FENa test. Use in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure
Authors: C. H. Espinel
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The Fe<sub>Na</sub>test, a determination of the excreted fraction of the filtered sodium, was performed in patients in the oliguric phase of acute renal failure. Patients with prerenal azotemia had an Fe<sub>Na</sub>of less than 1, and patients with acute tubular necrosis had an Fe<sub>Na</sub>of more than 3 (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). This simple test clearly differentiates between these two conditions and, thus, is of considerable clinical value. (<i>JAMA</i>236:579-581, 1976)
Epilepsia partialis continua stopped by insulin
Authors: S Kumar
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

left internal carotid artery occlusion and absence of flow in the distribution of the left internal carotid artery distal to the occlusion.Echocardiography was normal with no evidence of a patent foramen ovale on contrast injection.Autoimmune and thrombophilia screens were negative.Laboratory studies of haematology and blood biochemistry, including fasting glucose, were unremarkable except for a serum cholesterol of 6 mmol/L.24 hours after thrombolysis the patient was put on antiplatelet and lipid-lowering therapy.Anticoagulation was started one week after admission and the antiplatelet treatment was discontinued when the international normalized ratio became satisfactory.Despite the severity of his initial deficits he made a good recovery and was discharged from hospital after two months of intensive rehabilitation. COMMENTArterial dissection begins with an intimal tear and usually proceeds to intramural haematoma formation.Internal carotid artery dissection is a recognized cause of stroke, the mechanism for which may be either embolism from the site of dissection or haemodynamic compromise secondary to arterial occlusion. 2Some dissections occur in patients with heritable connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV and Marfan's syndrome.In other cases, dissections seem to be precipitated by direct neck trauma or events involving neck or head movement such as coughing, sneezing, vomiting, dental examination and therapeutic neck manipulation. 3,4he onset of neurological symptoms was preceded in our patient by hiccups (a precipitant not previously described) and carotid dissection was bilateral, which is unusual.A hiccup consists of involuntary spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, which abruptly ends with glottic closure.This manoeuvre generates sudden and high negative intrathoracic pressure. 5Hiccups might therefore cause internal carotid artery dissection either by mechanical stretching and subsequent arterial dissection during sudden head or neck movements, or by inducing high shear stresses upon the arterial wall because of abrupt pressure changes, leading to tearing.We cannot rule out the possibility that the hiccups were effect rather than cause.They are a common initial symptom in patients with relative ischaemia into the posterior circulation; indeed, hiccups were among the symptoms in a man whose vertebral artery dissection was attributed to neck rotation during golf. 6However, in our patient the bilateral nature of the injury at the same level suggests that the two carotid arteries were subject to similar pathological processes and support hiccups as the cause of stroke.
Closed mitral valvotomy.
Authors: K Fraser, M A Turner, B A Sugden
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The results of closed mitral valvotomy operations in 359 patients operated on from August 1957 to October 1974 were assessed at July 1975. About 60% of the patients were in good health. These results suggest that there is still a place for closed mitral valvotomy in carefully selected cases.
Hydraulic Expulsion of Tumbu Fly Larvae
Authors: Eric Dybbro, Polly Fordyce, Maya Ponte, Sarah T. Arron
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Furuncular myiasis is rarely observed outside of endemic areas, which may hamper accurate diagnosis. Herein we report 2 cases of Cordylobia anthropophaga larval removal using a hydraulic expulsion technique.
Abstract 987: Functional Inhibition Of p300 Leads To Mitochondrial Dysfunction And Autophagic Myocardial Cell Death In The Adult Heart
Authors: Yasuaki Nakagawa, Koichiro Kuwahara, Genzo Takemura, Masaharu Akao, Yuji Arai, Makoto Takano, Masaki Harada, Masao Murakami, Michio Nakanishi, Satoru Usami, Shinji Yasuno, Hideyuki Kinoshita, Masataka Fujiwara, Kenji Ueshima, Kazuwa Nakao
Journal: Circulation (2007)

p300 is one of transcriptional co-activators fundamentally important in various signal-modulated transcriptional events. It was shown that the cardiac specific overexpression of p300 developed heart failure in adult mice. On the other hand, in embryonic stage p300 has been shown to be essential for cardiac development. In this study, to evaluate the physiological role of p300 in the adult heart, we analyzed the mice carrying cardiac specific overexpression of dominant-negative mutant of p300 (C/H3 domain deletion mutant of p300; DN-p300). DN-p300 transgenic mice(TG) showed the significantly reduced survival rate compared to non-transgenic mice(NTG) and mostly died by 20 weeks of age At 12 weeks, TG showed the significant increase in the heart or lung weight-to-body weight ratio (P &lt; 0.01). In echocardiography, TG revealed the depressed ejection fraction (NTG [n = 8],65.5Â ± 1.5%; TG [n = 11], 33.1Â ± 2.6%; P &lt; 0.01) and the increased LV end-systolic diameter (NTG [n = 8], 4.3Â ± 0.12 mm; TG [n = 11], 5.26Â ± 0.11 mm; P &lt; 0.01), but no significant difference in the wall thickness of the left ventricles. Histological analysis demonstrated the increased interstitial fibrosis and myofibrillar disarray in the ventricles of TG. In electron microscopic (EM) analysis, we found the markedly increased number and reduced size of mitochondria in TG hearts. Tetramethylrhodamine ethylesters (TMRE) staining revealed the diminished mitochondrial membranous potential in TG. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of genes encoding multiple mitochondrial genes and PGC-1alpha, a pivotal master regulator of mitochondrial genes, was significantly decreased in TG. In vitro, DN-p300 suppressed the activity of PGC-1alpha promoter. As mitochondrial dysfunction was known to lead to cell death including apoptosis and autophagy, in TG heart we examined the cell death and found the increase in autophagic degeneration of cardiac myocytes in EM analysis. Consistent with this finding, protein expression of cathepsin D and LC3 was increased in TG. Collectively, all these data indicate the critical role of p300 in the maintanance of mitochondrial gene expression and function, and the myocardial cell survival in post-natal heart.
Programmable 3D silk bone marrow niche for platelet generation ex vivo and modeling of megakaryopoiesis pathologies
Authors: Christian A. Di Buduo, Lindsay S. Wray, Lorenzo Tozzi, Alessandro Malara, Ying Chen, Chiara E. Ghezzi, Daniel Smoot, Carla Sfara, Antonella Antonelli, Elise Spedden, Giovanna Bruni, Cristian Staii, Luigi De Marco, Mauro Magnani, David L. Kaplan, Alessandra Balduini
Journal: Blood (2015)
Detection of Bacterial Endocarditis with lndium-111 Labeled Leukocytes
Authors: ELIZABETH OATES, ROBERT C. SARNO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Bacterial endocarditis in a patient with dense mitral annular calcification secondary to renal failure and hyperparathyroidism was detected by indium-111 labeled leukocyte imaging. Although the gallium-67 image was negative, echocardiography subsequently confirmed the diagnosis.
Mesenteric blood flow, glucose absorption and blood pressure responses to small intestinal glucose in critically ill patients older than 65 years
Authors: Jennifer A. Sim, M. Horowitz, M. J. Summers, L. G. Trahair, R. S. Goud, A. V. Zaknic, T. Hausken, J. D. Fraser, M. J. Chapman, K. L. Jones, A. M. Deane
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
The Pharmacokinetics of Heroin in Patients with Chronic Pain
Authors: Charles E. Inturrisi, Mitchell B. Max, Kathleen M. Foley, Michael Schultz, Seung Uon Shin, Raymond W. Houde
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We measured blood concentrations of heroin and its active metabolites, 6-acetylmorphine and morphine, serially in 11 patients with chronic pain (9 of whom had cancer) after intravenous injection, intravenous infusion, intramuscular injection, and an oral dose of heroin hydrochloride. Parenteral heroin provided measurable blood levels of heroin, 6-acetylmorphine, and morphine. Blood levels of heroin and 6-acetylmorphine reached their maximal concentrations within minutes and were cleared rapidly. The mean half-life of heroin (±S.D.) after intravenous injection or infusion was only 3.0±1.3 minutes, and the mean clearance of heroin from the blood at apparent steady state was 30.8±2.1 ml per kilogram of body weight per minute. Morphine levels rose more gradually, and morphine was cleared much more slowly. Oral administration of heroin resulted in measurable blood levels of morphine but not of heroin or 6-acetylmorphine. The amount of circulating morphine provided by an oral dose of heroin was only 79 per cent of that available from an equal amount of morphine. We conclude that heroin is a pro-drug that serves to determine the distribution of its active metabolites. Parenteral heroin is rapidly converted to 6-acetylmorphine, which contributes to rapid pain relief. Oral heroin is converted to morphine and appears to be an inefficient means of providing morphine to the systemic circulation. (N Engl J Med 1984; 310:1213–7.)