tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TUMORS INVOLVING THE DOME OF THE BLADDER
Authors: ALBERT J. SCHOLL
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Sonnenburg, 1 in 1881, resected a large portion of a bladder in the course of an abdominal operation. In 1885, encouraged by the outcome of his earlier operation, he carried out the first deliberate resection of the bladder for carcinoma in man. Curiously enough, this was for a tumor in the dome and posterior wall, the most accessible part of the bladder, and apparently the simplest point of attack in this unknown field. The resection involved the peritoneal cavity, which was later drained. The bladder was not closed, and the patient died four weeks afterward from peritonitis. Several years later, Rydygier, 2 in a case of carcinoma of the bladder, deliberately opened the peritoneum and performed a combined intravesical and intra-abdominal operation. Von Antal, 3 in the early period of frequent infections and high operative mortality, recognizing the danger of opening the bladder transperitoneally, advocated separation of the peritoneum from
Abstract 4344: Intraperitoneal administration of docetaxel loaded in thermo-responsive conjugated linoleic acid-incorporated poloxamer hydrogel for the suppression of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer.
Authors: Woo Kyun Bae, Lothar Hennighausen, Ji Hee Lee, Dae Eun Kim, Jun Eul Hwang, Hyun Jeong Shim, Sang Hee Cho, In-Kyu Park, Ik-Joo Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Thermo-responsive hydrogel consisting of conjugated linoleic acid-coupled Pluronic F127 (Plu-CLA) is an optimized drug delivery system with anti-cancer activity for controlled release of the hydrophobic drug, docetaxel. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Plu-CLA as a potential new intraperitoneal docetaxel delivery system for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. We have established a peritoneal metastasis models using BALB/c mice by injection with TMK-1 human gastric cancer cells. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with docetaxel alone and docetaxel loaded Plu-CLA at 1 week after TMK1 cells were injected. Tumor progression and response to therapy were monitored by micro-positron emission tomography. The total number of peritoneal tumors and ascites volume were also measured. Compared to docetaxel alone, the combination of docetaxel and Plu-CLA significantly and synergistically reduced cell survival. The combination of docetaxel and Plu-CLA showed excellent anti-tumor activity inducing stronger apoptosis than docetaxel alone. The combination of docetaxel and Plu-CLA also significantly reduced number of peritoneal metastatic nodules and increased the survival in the peritoneal gastric cancer xenograft model. Our results showed that intraperitoneal administration of docetaxel combined with Plu-CLA synergistically inhibited peritoneal metastasis and prolonged the survival in peritoneal gastric cancer model. Therefore, Plu-CLA could be a potential intraperitoneal carrier for hydrophobic docetaxel for the effective treatment of peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer. Citation Format: Woo Kyun Bae, Lothar Hennighausen, Ji Hee Lee, Dae Eun Kim, Jun Eul Hwang, Hyun Jeong Shim, Sang Hee Cho, In-Kyu Park, Ik-Joo Chung. Intraperitoneal administration of docetaxel loaded in thermo-responsive conjugated linoleic acid-incorporated poloxamer hydrogel for the suppression of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4344. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4344
The story of England's hospitals.
Authors: John H. Raach
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<b>The London; a study in the voluntary hospital system. Vol. 1: The first hundred years, 1740-1840</b>. By A. E. Clark-Kennedy. 264 p. 30 shillings. Pitman Medical Publishing Co., Ltd., 46 Charlotte St., London, W. 1, England, 1962 Histories of hospitals are narratives of social attitudes toward the sick and needy. At the turn of this century, the English, in keeping with their upsurging interest in history, began to write about their great hospitals. They have recently added to their historical lore two additional books which merit the attention of all who are interested in the growth of hospital care within England. Dainton's work is a thumbnail sketch of the hospital movement from the 12th century to the present day. For a beginner in this field, his book is a must. The account is based on many of the original documents in connection with St. Bartholomew's, St. Thomas', the Westminster, Guy's,
T Helper Cell Type 1–associated and Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–mediated Tumor Immunity Is Impaired in Interleukin 4–deficient Mice
Authors: Thomas Schüler, Zhihai Qin, Sabrina Ibe, Nancy Noben-Trauth, Thomas Blankenstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

It is widely accepted that cellular immune responses are induced by CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) cells secreting interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ. Tumor immunity is often mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) whose activation is supported by Th1 cytokines. Since IL-4 directs Th2 development and has been shown to inhibit Th1-dominated responses, we assumed that IL-4–deficient (IL-4−/−) mice would develop vigorous CTL-mediated tumor immunity compared with IL-4–competent (IL-4+/+) mice. Surprisingly, IL-4−/− mice were severely impaired to develop tumor immunity to both a mammary adenocarcinoma line and a colon carcinoma line. The lack of tumor immunity in IL-4−/− mice was associated with reduced IFN-γ production, diminished levels of tumor-reactive serum IgG2a, and undetectable CTL activity, indicating a defective Th1 response in the absence of endogenous IL-4. Anti–IL-4 monoclonal antibody blocked tumor immunity in IL-4+/+ mice when administered at the time of immunization but not at the time of challenge. Additionally, tumor immunity could be induced in IL-4−/− mice, if IL-4 was provided by gene-modified cells together with immunizing tumor cells. These results demonstrate that tumor immunity requires IL-4 in the priming phase for the generation of effector cells rather than for their maintenance and exclude secondary, developmental defects in the “knockout” strain. Together, our results demonstrate a novel and previously unanticipated role of IL-4 for the generation of Th1-associated, CTL-mediated tumor immunity.
Letter: Intensive care: allocation of resources.
Authors: J A Davis
Journal: BMJ (1974)

looked in the drug addiction film "The Man with the Golden Arm." Then at my outpatient clinic another patient suffering from neurotic depression told me how very ill she felt after stoppng her regimen of phenelzine and haloperidol to go on to lorazepam.The lorazepam made her excessively drowsy and she stopped it after a day or so but then she felt depressed and irritable and also described this feeling of cold and shivering.This last symptom is quite reminiscent of the "cold turkey" reaction to the with- drawal of narcotics from the habituated, and the reaction followed so swiftly the disoon- tinuation of the drug that I wonder if it might not represent a genuine physical res- ponse to deprival of the drug rather than a purely psychological one or the return of the depression.The medical adviser to the manufacturers tells me that no such with- drawal symptoms have previously been re- ported but I wonder if any of your readers can record similar experiences?-Iam, etc., BRICE PI1-rThe London Hospital (St.Clement's) London E.3 Malaria in the United Kingdom SIR,-In your epidemiological report (5 January, p. 43) you mention 84 cases of malaria in immigrants to the U.K. in 1972.The adult populations of countries where malaria is endemic are generally considered to be inmune to malaria in the sense that they do not suffer overt attacks of the disease.It would be valuable to know if there is any record of the proportion of innigrants in whom malaria was considered to be the cause of their illness rather than simply a concomitant finding, the number of adults, and whether any factors were found, such as acute infections or steroid therapy, which might have been responsible for a temporary lowering of resistance to malaria.-Iam, etc.,
Unrecognized acetaminophen toxicity as a cause of indeterminate acute liver failure
Authors: Niraj Khandelwal, Laura P. James, Corron Sanders, Anne M. Larson, William M. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Despite extensive investigations, the cause of liver injury in 14% of patients with acute liver failure remains unknown (indeterminate). In a pilot study using a novel assay, highly specific acetaminophen-cysteine adducts were detected in 7 of 36 indeterminate patients (19%). To extend these observations, sera from 110 subjects enrolled in the Acute Liver Failure Study Group registry with indeterminate acute liver failure were analyzed with a similar but more efficient and sensitive adduct assay. As positive controls, another 199 patients with known or presumed acetaminophen-induced liver failure were assessed for the presence and quantity of adducts. Clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were compared for the two groups. On the basis of previous data for known therapeutic exposures and acetaminophen overdoses, an adduct concentration ≥1.0 nmol/mL of serum indicated a definite acetaminophen overdose. Among the 110 indeterminate cases, 18% had assay values ≥1.0 with a median level of 9.2 nmol/mL; 94.5% of the positive controls (known acetaminophen cases) had values ≥1.0 nmol/mL. Regardless of the initial diagnosis, subjects with elevated adduct levels demonstrated the clinical profile and hyperacute biochemical injury pattern associated with acetaminophen overdose: a predominance of female gender, very high aminotransferase levels, and low bilirubin levels.These data confirm and extend previous observations regarding the high (18%) prevalence of unrecognized or uncertain acetaminophen toxicity among subjects with indeterminate acute liver failure. N-Acetylcysteine use was limited in this group, presumably because of the lack of a specific diagnosis of acetaminophen toxicity.
PLASTIC COMPRESSOR FOR ENUCLEATION AND EVISCERATION
Authors: Conrad Berens
Journal: JAMA (1952)

An   devised by Anthony,1was found to be most practical in controlling bleeding during enucleation and evisceration. The modification of he Anthony compressor herein described2is lighter and, because of the wicket shape, is easily manipulated. The instrument is made of lucite® (polymerized methyl methacrylate), with two arms bent at an angle of 45 degrees to the central grip. The central grip, which is 10 cm. long and 16 mm. in diameter, affords a comfortable hold. The arms of the plastic compressor are 9 cm. in length and taper in diameter from 16 mm. to 4 mm. The arms terminate in ovoid compressor tips, one 14 mm. and the other 11 mm. in diameter (fig. 1). The compressor is light in weight, inexpensive and may be sterilized in the usual manner for other plastic materials.  The large ovoid compressor tip (for adults) or the smaller tip
Pathology of Tumours of the Nervous System
Authors: Peter C. Burger
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The distinguished authors of this illustrious book deserve better than the misprinting of Professor Russell's middle initial and the misspelling of Professor Rubinstein's last name on the cover. Inside, however, there is the same high quality of text and illustrations that students of neuropathology have come to expect from this now-classic work. The first edition, in 1959, was almost novel in its comprehensive and systematic attention to the morphological, rather than clinical, aspects of nervous system tumors. It was able to satisfy the obvious need for such a book only after a second printing a year later. Reaffirming the scholarship of the first edition was the acceptance of the 1963 second edition, which was longer by a modest 19 pages and 26 illustrations. By 1971, advances in the art, including the widespread application of electron microscopy, necessitated in the third edition a more substantial reworking, with 92 new pages and
Mitral Valvuloplasty in Patients Past Fifty
Authors: Harrison Black, Dwight E. Harken
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

IN the consideration of the relative and absolute contraindications to mitral valvuloplasty, age has figured prominently. The frequent assumption that certain persons are "too old for surgery" has prompted this study of patients who were more than fifty years of age at the time of operation to determine whether the factor of age had added significantly to the risk or altered the prognosis. It also seems important to inquire whether the degenerative diseases such as arteriosclerosis and hypertensive cardiovascular disease contribute to the difficulties in diagnosis or increase the risk. In the evaluation of these results, it has been our . . .
Points: Medical cover for Sikh women
Authors: F G Neild
Journal: BMJ (1982)

August, p 421), any doctor interested in relieving the dire poverty and hunger in the Third World might be interested in joining the World Development Movement, Bedford Chambers, Covent Gar- den, London WC2E 8HA.This is an organisa- tion which campaigns for a fairer deal for the Third World through activities including lobbying MPs on the implementations of the Brandt Report....
Vi reaction in Hong Kong.
Authors: C. R. Forrest, R. N. Matthews, M. J. Robertson, W. P. Hanley
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Ginger has received extensive attention because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. However, the metabolic fate of its major components is still unclear. In the present study, the metabolism of [6]-shogaol, one of the major active components in ginger, was examined for the first time in mice and in cancer cells. Thirteen metabolites were detected and identified, seven of which were purified from fecal samples collected from [6]-shogaol-treated mice. Their structures were elucidated as 1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-4-decen-3-ol (M6), 5-methoxy-1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-one (M7), 3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl-decan-3-one (M8), 1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-ol (M9), 5-methylthio-1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-one (M10), 1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-one (M11), and 5-methylthio-1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-decan-3-ol (M12) on the basis of detailed analysis of their <sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, and two-dimensional NMR data. The rest of the metabolites were identified as 5-cysteinyl-M6 (M1), 5-cysteinyl-[6]-shogaol (M2), 5-cysteinylglycinyl-M6 (M3), 5-<i>N</i>-acetylcysteinyl-M6 (M4), 5-<i>N</i>-acetylcysteinyl-[6]-shogaol (M5), and 5-glutathiol-[6]-shogaol (M13) by analysis of the MS<sup>n</sup> (<i>n</i> = 1–3) spectra and comparison to authentic standards. Among the metabolites, M1 through M5, M10, M12, and M13 were identified as the thiol conjugates of [6]-shogaol and its metabolite M6. M9 and M11 were identified as the major metabolites in four different cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, H-1299, and CL-13), and M13 was detected as a major metabolite in HCT-116 human colon cancer cells. We further showed that M9 and M11 are bioactive compounds that can inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis in human cancer cells. Our results suggest that 1) [6]-shogaol is extensively metabolized in these two models, 2) its metabolites are bioactive compounds, and 3) the mercapturic acid pathway is one of the major biotransformation pathways of [6]-shogaol.
Allergic hypersensitivity to the lentil pest <i>Bruchus lentis</i>
Authors: A. Armentia, M. Lombardero, C. Blanco, S. Fernández, A. Fernández, R Sánchez‐Monge
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Lentils are the most common legume involved in allergic reactions in the Mediterranean area and India. Lentil crops could be attacked by a wide range of insect species. Occupational asthma caused by the lentil pest Bruchus lentis has been described in the present study.We studied the possibility of immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated hypersensitivity to lentil pests in 16 patients who suffered from allergic symptoms (asthma and anaphylaxis) related to inhalation of lentil particles or ingestion of lentils, in which sensitization to legume proteins was not clear.Extracts prepared either from noninfested and infested lentils, and from the lentil parasite B. lentis were used for skin prick testing (SPT), bronchial and oral challenges and in vitro determinations.Skin prick test were positive to infested lentils and B. lentis in all patients and negative to noninfested lentil extracts. Five asthmatic patients reacted in the bronchial challenge test with Bruchus extract. Oral challenges performed with boiled infested lentils were positive in six of seven patients. Immunoglobulin E immunoblotting with Bruchus and infested lentils extracts revealed protein bands that were reactive to serum IgE from six and four, respectively, out of 16 patients. These patients had no IgE to lentil-specific proteins as determined by immunoblotting and Len c 1-specific IgE test.Lentil pest proteins can be a cause of IgE-mediated rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in patients eating or inhaling infested lentil particles.
Rethinking Opioid Prescribing to Protect Patient Safety and Public Health
Authors: G. Caleb Alexander, Stefan P. Kruszewski, Daniel W. Webster
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the small intestine that was difficult to diagnose endoscopically
Authors: K. Yoneda, H. Takahashi, Y. Abe, M. Inamori, S. Kato, T. Uchiyama, H. Iida, H. Mawatari, K. Hosono, H. Endo, Y. Nozaki, T. Akiyama, K. Fujita, M. Yoneda, N. Kobayashi, H. Kirikoshi, K. Kubota, S. Saito, A. Nakajima
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 75-year-old man was admitted with bloating, distension, and diarrhea since the past 2 months. He was not taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) on a regular basis. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a stricture in the jejunum. A small-bowel contrast study showed a severe stricture in the jejunum, which was dilated on its proximal side. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed gastritis and Helicobacter pylori. A colonoscopy revealed no abnormal findings. Oral single-balloon enteroscopy revealed a stricture 120 cm distal to the pylorus. Irregularity of the small-bowel mucosa was observed but there was no ulceration ([Fig. 1]). Histological examination of a biopsy specimen revealed interstitial atypical lymphoid hyperplasia.
Abstract 2642: Multiple roles of p53-related pathways in somatic cell reprogramming and stem cell differentiation.
Authors: Lan Yi, Chiwei Lu, Wenwei Hu, Arnold J. Levine
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The inactivation of p53 functions enhances the efficiency and decreases the latency of producing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) in culture. The formation of iPSCs in culture starts with a rapid set of cell divisions followed by an epigenetic reprogramming of the DNA and chromatin. The mechanisms by which the p53 protein inhibits the formation of iPSCs are largely unknown. Employing a temperature sensitive mutant of the p53 (Trp53) gene, we examined the impact of the temporal expression of wild type p53 in preventing stem cell induction from somatic cells. We also explored how different p53 mutant alleles affect the reprogramming process. We found that little or no p53 activity favors the entire process of somatic cell reprogramming. Reactivation of p53 at any time point during the reprogramming process not only interrupted the formation of iPSCs, but also induced newly formed stem cells to differentiate. Among p53 regulated genes, p21 (Cdkn1a), but not Puma (Bbc3) played a partial role in iPSCs formation probably by slowing cell division. Activation of p53 functions in iPS cells induced senescence and differentiation in stem cell populations. High rate of birth defects and increases in DNA methylation at the IGF2-H19 loci in female offspring of p53 knockout mice suggested that the absence of p53 may give rise to epigenetic instability in a stochastic fashion. Consistently, selected p53 missense mutations showed differential effects on the stem cell reprogramming efficiency in a c-Myc dependent manner. The absence of p53 activity and functions also contributed to an enhanced efficiency of iPSC production from cancer cells. The production of iPSCs in culture from normal and cancer cells, while different from each other in several ways, both responded to the inhibition of reprogramming by the p53 protein. Citation Format: Lan Yi, Chiwei Lu, Wenwei Hu, Arnold J. Levine. Multiple roles of p53-related pathways in somatic cell reprogramming and stem cell differentiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2642. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2642
Reductions in Funding for Medical Research—Reply
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal