tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Postmenopausal hormone therapy was cost-effective when started at age 50 years but not at 65 years
Authors: Bruce E. Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

ACP Journal Club16 June 2009Postmenopausal hormone therapy was cost-effective when started at age 50 years but not at 65 yearsBruce E. Johnson, MD, Cynda Ann Johnson, MD, MBABruce E. Johnson, MDVirginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA (B.E.J., C.A.J.)Search for more papers by this author, Cynda Ann Johnson, MD, MBAVirginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA (B.E.J., C.A.J.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-02015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationSalpeter SR, Buckley NS, Liu H, Salpeter EE. The cost-effectiveness of hormone therapy in younger and older postmenopausal women. Am J Med. 2009;122:42-52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19114171Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Endocrinology: Reference1 Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288:321-33. [PMID: 12117397] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA (B.E.J., C.A.J.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 June 2009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 June 2009Volume 150, Issue 12Page: JC6-15KeywordsBreast cancerColorectal cancerHormonal therapyHormonesMenopauseMortalityObstetrics and gynecologyPulmonary embolismQuality adjusted life yearsQuality of life ePublished: 16 June 2009 Issue Published: 16 June 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Intestinal Strangulation Complicating Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: D. Michaeli, M. Pras, N. Rozen
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MICA JOURO-NAL correct the pH changes, the effect upon the excess base beng ignored.The severe anaemia and the appearance of methaemoglobin in some of the cats prevented any attempts to allow the animals to recover, although spontaneous ventilation was occa- sionally re-established.In one animal the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood was so reduced as a result of the experi- ment that ventricular arrhythmias and ventricular tachycardia developed when the animal was ventilated with room air.This was reversed and the blood-pressure improved when the hydrogen peroxide infusion was restarted. DIscusSIONFrom these preliminary experiments it would appear possible to use hydrogen peroxide to supplement or, for limited periods, to replace pulmonary oxygenation.The original concept of the blood receiving oxygen as it passes through the tissues is only partially true.It cannot explain why the blood-oxygen tension should frequently be higher in the carotid artery than in the inferior vena cava.The probable explanation is that once.a high tissue-oxygen tension is established there will be a pressure gradient for oxygen pass- ing backwards up the aorta in the opposite direction to the actual blood-flow.The development of methaemoglobinaemia in some of the cats after ventilatory arrest for one hour is surprising.In &itro, the blood is able to hydrolyse far greater quantities of hydrogen peroxide without forming methaemoglobin.In some of these animals the infusion had been running for two or more hours and the catalase activity of the blood must have been reduced by repeated blood-sampling.This complication would be unlikely to occur in humans with the slower infusion rates that would be required if the technique were used to supplement pul-monary oxygenation.It would also be unlikely to occur with the high catalase level present in human blood.Many of the cats died eventually from the effects of oxygen embolism.The hydrogen peroxide infusion releases micro- bubbles of oxygen into the circulation.They are removed by combination with reduced haemoglobin and, to a small extent, by physical solution in plasma, thus preventing oxygen embolism.Repeated blood-sampling in these preliminary experiments reduced the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.This demanded progressively more delicate control over the infusion of hydrogen peroxide if oxygen embolism was to be avoided.It is anticipated that blood transfusion may overcome this problem in future experiments. SUMMARYCats have been kept alive for pzriods up to one hour in the absence of pulmonary ventilation by an infusion of hydrogen peroxide into the thoracic aorta.The difficulties experienced with this method of oxygenation are presented.
PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE AXILLA.
Authors: D. W. GRAHAM
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Carcinoma of the axilla consecutive to a primary focus of the disease in the mammary gland, or some other organ or structure, is a matter of almost daily occurrence in the experience of the surgeon. But primary carcinoma of the axillary region is rare enough to be worthy of discussion, especially as it raises some important questions in the fields of histologic anatomy and pathology, and of practice. There is no apparent reason why this region might not be the site of the squamous celled, or true skin carcinoma, as frequently as any other in the body. Primary cancer of the axillary skin is, however, exceedingly rare. Of 7297 primary cases of carcinoma analyzed by Williams 571 were of the skin, but of these latter only three were axillary. There is no doubt but that occasionally a primary carcinoma of the breast will first manifest itself clinically through the infection
Diabetic Neuropathy and HLA-DR3/4
Authors: Barry I. Freedman, Eugene R. Heise, Vincent J. Canzanello
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters1 September 1992Diabetic Neuropathy and HLA-DR3/4Barry I. Freedman, MD, Eugene R. Heise, PhD, Vincent J. Canzanello, MDBarry I. Freedman, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Eugene R. Heise, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, Vincent J. Canzanello, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-5-445_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:The identification of an HLA-DR3/4 phenotype association with diabetes mellitus-induced autonomic neuropathy is an important advance in the demonstration of a genetic basis for specific target organ involvement in diabetes (1). We have previously reported race-controlled HLA phenotype frequencies in renal failure induced by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (2) and in hypertension (3). The HLA-DR3 and DR4 antigens were the ones most strongly associated with diabetic nephropathy in both blacks and whites. Frequency of HLA-DR3 was increased in blacks with hypertension-induced renal failure. Inter-racial analyses showed HLA-A1 and DR3 frequencies were increased in whites, compared with blacks, with...References1. BarzilayWarramRandPfeiferKrolewski JJLMA. Risk for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is associated with the HLA-DR3/4 phenotype in type I diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:544-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FreedmanBrockschmidtEspelandHeiseCanzanello BJMEV. Racial differences in HLA antigen frequency in diabetic nephropathy. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 1990;1:290. Google Scholar3. FreedmanEspelandHeiseAdamsBuckalewCanzanello BMEPVV. Racial differences in HLA antigen frequency and hypertensive renal failure. Am J Hypertens. 1991;4:393-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ToddBellMcDevitt JJH. HLA- DQβ gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nature. 1987;329:599-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. United States Renal Data System, USRDS 1989 Annual Data Report. Bethesda, Maryland: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; August 1990. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMicroangiopathic complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus: differences in severity when isolated or associated with autoimmune polyendocrinopathiesInterleukin-1 receptor antagonist allele (ILIRN*2) associated with nephropathy in diabetes mellitus 1 September 1992Volume 117, Issue 5Page: 445-445KeywordsAntigensDiabetes mellitusGeneticsHuman leukocyte antigenHypertensionInsulinNeuropathyPhenotypesRenal failure Issue Published: 1 September 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Unique lipids and unique properties of retinal proteins
Authors: Kamon Sanada, Yoshitaka Fukada
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Amino-terminal heteroacylation has been identified in retinal proteins including recoverin and α subunit of G-protein, transducin. The tissue-specific modification seems to mediate not only a proteinmembrane interaction but also a specific protein-protein interaction. The mechanism generating the heterogeneity and its physiological role are still unclear, but an interesting idea for the latter postulates a fine regulation of the signal transduction pathway by distinct N-acyl groups.
The Circumscribed Focus in Intensive Brief Dynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Per Høglend, Oscar Heyerdahl
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1994)

The clinical proposition that an ideal focus for intensive brief dynamic psychotherapy is an intra-psychic conflict rooted in oedipal pathology with circumscribed effects on personality functioning has been widely accepted a priori, without empirical validation. In this study 4 clinical raters assessed the 'degree of circumscribed conflict' and 'hypothesized psychosexual development level' from a dynamic evaluation interview. The variables were only marginally associated with DSM-III diagnoses. Within a subsample of 22 patients treated with intensive psychoanalytic technique, patients with whom a highly circumscribed conflict could be identified had the most favourable dynamic change 4 years after therapy.
Karyotype-specific microRNA signature in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Rosa Visone, Laura Z. Rassenti, Angelo Veronese, Cristian Taccioli, Stefan Costinean, Baltazar D. Aguda, Stefano Volinia, Manuela Ferracin, Jeff Palatini, Veronica Balatti, Hansjuerg Alder, Massimo Negrini, Thomas J. Kipps, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Blood (2009)
Case Report of Klinefelter’s Syndrome With Severe Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, and Stroke
Authors: Issei Yoshiuchi, Naoto Itoh, Misa Nakano, Chikao Tatsumi, Kenji Yokoyama, Tatsuo Matsuyama
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Klinefelter’s syndrome is a sex chromosomal aberration of male infertility. Most diabetes of this syndrome shows insulin resistance. Chronic proinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and cytokines play a role in insulin resistance (1,2,3). Interleukin (IL)-8 is a cytokine secreted by monocytes and endothelial cells (6). IL-6 is associated with insulin resistance and is an inducer of C-reactive protein (CRP) (1,2,7). IL-8, IL-6, and CRP are higher in diabetes (1,2,3,4,5). We report a 30-year-old …
Environmental practices for biomedical research facilities.
Authors: E L Medlin, J T Grupenhoff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

As a result of the Leadership Conference on Biomedical Research and the Environment, the Facilities Committee focused its work on the development of best environmental practices at biomedical research facilities at the university and independent research facility level as well as consideration of potential involvement of for-profit companies and government agencies. The designation "facilities" includes all related buildings and grounds, "green auditing" of buildings and programs, purchasing of furnishings and sources, energy efficiency, and engineering services (lighting, heating, air conditioning), among other activities. The committee made a number of recommendations, including development of a national council for environmental stewardship in biomedical research, development of a system of green auditing of such research facilities, and creation of programs for sustainable building and use. In addition, the committee recommended extension of education and training programs for environmental stewardship, in cooperation with facilities managers, for all research administrators and researchers. These programs would focus especially on graduate fellows and other students, as well as on science labs at levels K--12.
Garcia d'Orta
Authors: Henryk Szancer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The 400th anniversary of the publication by Garcia d'Orta of his<i>Coloquios dos simples</i>... (1563-1963) drew once again the attention of the scientific world to the opus itself and to its colorful author. Dr. Pelner's note (<b>197</b>:996, 1966) reflects this circumstance by giving a concise presentation of Garcia's life story and of his contributions to medicine, especially to materia medica. I believe that the author of the note will not mind if I add certain details to the subject for the further benefit of the reader. I did not find among the references to Dr. Pelner's note Friedenwald's very important essay on Garcia, made public in his work,<i>The Jews and Medicine</i>(Baltimore, 1944, vol 2, pp 436-444). It would also be of interest to mention extensive genealogical studies into Garcia's family undertaken by I. S. Revah whose "La famille de Garcia de Orta" appeared in
Deficiency in LRP6-Mediated Wnt Signaling Contributes to Synaptic Abnormalities and Amyloid Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chia-Chen Liu, Chih-Wei Tsai, Ferenc Deak, Justin Rogers, Michael Penuliar, You Me Sung, James N. Maher, Yuan Fu, Xia Li, Huaxi Xu, Steven Estus, Hyang-Sook Hoe, John D. Fryer, Takahisa Kanekiyo, Guojun Bu
Journal: Neuron (2014)
RENAL TRANSPLANTATION IN THE INBRED RAT
Authors: R. D. Guttmann, C. B. Carpenter, R. R. Lindquist, J. P. Merrill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

Heterologous rabbit anti-rat thymocyte sera, its immunoglobulin G fraction, and the bivalent and univalent antibody fragments obtained by pepsin digestion are potent immunosuppressive reagents when tested in a system of renal allotransplantation between the LBN F1 hybrid and Lewis rat strains. The AT F(ab')2 is not lymphocytotoxic in vitro but has agglutinating ability, while the AT Fab' neither agglutinates nor is cytotoxic to rat lymphocytes, but will inhibit the in vitro reaction. The AT IgG and the F(ab')2 are more immunogenic in their host than normal rabbit IgG and F(ab')2, probably due to increased delivery of the antibody to the immune system. Donor pretreatment studies demonstrate that a cross-reacting, highly immunogenic antibody with anti-lymphocyte specificity may bind to renal sites and be transferred to the new host after transplantation. In addition, the crude unabsorbed anti-thymocyte antisera may induce a nephritis characteristic of immune complex disease which can be eliminated by complete absorption with serum proteins. Further in vivo and in vitro evidence is presented that the AT IgG contains small amounts of antibody to glomerular basement membrane antigens and may induce an autologous phase-nephrotoxic nephritis. The amount of in vivo binding by AT IgG to GBM was reduced by subcutaneous rather than intravenous administration. Most of the rabbit antisera tested contain antibody in low titer to sheep erythrocytes and in vivo experiments indicate that the nature of the immunodepressive effect of AT globulin to sheep erythrocytes is due in part to the passive transfer of antibody and is not necessarily due to a specific anti-lymphocyte effect.
Oral Montelukast versus Inhaled Salmeterol To Prevent Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction
Authors: Jonathan M. Edelman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters5 September 2000Oral Montelukast versus Inhaled Salmeterol To Prevent Exercise-Induced BronchoconstrictionJonathan M. Edelman, MDJonathan M. Edelman, MDMerck & Co.; West Point, PA 19486-0004 (Edelman)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-5-200009050-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The case of hepatitis reported by Dr. Grieco and Ms. Burstein-Stein concerns a patient who was receiving zafirlukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist. The clinical history and course indicate only that the patient's hepatitis appeared after the patient had been receiving zafirlukast for 4 months and resolved after zafirlukast therapy was discontinued. This temporal association falls far short of the evidence needed to conclude that the patient's hepatitis was drug-induced. Furthermore, because montelukast is chemically distinct from zafirlukast, it is incorrect to generalize from this single case to all antileukotriene drugs unless a mechanism-related cause has been identified. ...References1. Singulair (montelukast sodium). Product circular. 1998. Google Scholar2. Cypcar D, Lemanske RF. Asthma and exercise. Clin Chest Med. 1994;15:351-68. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Serevent (salmeterol xinafoate). Product circular. 1994. Google Scholar4. Leff JA, Busse WW, Pearlman D, Bronsky EA, Kemp J, Hendeles L, et al . Montelukast, a leukotriene-receptor antagonist, for the treatment of mild asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:147-52. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jonathan M. Edelman, MDAffiliations: Merck & Co.; West Point, PA 19486-0004 (Edelman) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOral Montelukast Compared with Inhaled Salmeterol To Prevent Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction Jonathan M. Edelman , Jennifer A. Turpin , Edwin A. Bronsky , Jay Grossman , James P. Kemp , Asma F. Ghannam , Paul T. DeLucca , Glenn J. Gormley , David S. Pearlman , and Oral Montelukast versus Inhaled Salmeterol To Prevent Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction Anthony J. Grieco and Jessica Burstein-Stein Oral Montelukast versus Inhaled Salmeterol To Prevent Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction Eric P. Brestel Metrics 5 September 2000Volume 133, Issue 5Page: 392-395KeywordsAsthmaDrugsFood and Drug AdministrationHepatitisHepatitis AInstitutional review boardsLeukotrieneLiverReceptor antagonist therapy ePublished: 5 September 2000 Issue Published: 5 September 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Drug treatment reduces criminal behaviour in adults with ADHD by about a third, study shows
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are less likely to commit criminal offences when taking treatment for the condition, research conducted in Sweden has shown.

Researchers from the Karolinska Institute examined data on 25 656 people with a diagnosis of ADHD taken from a variety of registries over four years (2006-9) to determine their use of prescribed stimulant or non-stimulant drugs for the condition and whether they had any criminal convictions. Adults were considered not to be taking their treatment if there was a break of at least six months between picking up prescriptions.

The results of the study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine , showed that men with …
Erratum: Corrigendum: Comparative analysis of chimpanzee and human Y chromosomes unveils complex evolutionary pathway
Authors: Y Kuroki, A Toyoda, H Noguchi, T D Taylor, T Itoh, D-S Kim, D-W Kim, S-H Choi, I-C Kim, H H Choi, Y S Kim, Y Satta, N Saitou, T Yamada, S Morishita, M Hattori, Y Sakaki, H-S Park, A Fujiyama
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Asthma and obesity: where are we now?
Authors: S Chinn
Journal: Thorax (2003)

The importance of the reported association between obesity and asthma is still unclear

An association between asthma and overweight or obesity was first reported in adults in the 1980s.1,2 The papers were concerned with chronic disease in general and excited little attention in the respiratory field at the time. In children concern had been over growth retardation in those with asthma.3 In 1984 Somerville et al 4 reported a weak association between symptoms of asthma and increasing weight for height, but again this provoked little interest.

In the last 5 years there have been numerous reports of an association in adults and in children—too many to cite directly.5,6 Even since the later of these two reviews there have been further reports in children,7 in adults,8 and specifically in women.9 The lack of earlier reports does not necessarily imply that the association is recent because, when the prevalence of obesity was lower, there was less power to detect a raised prevalence or incidence in obese subjects. However, in addition to this indirect evidence, there is some direct evidence for the association being recent in origin. In a study of children aged 5–11 years in Britain carried out over 23 years, in contrast to the weak association in the 1977 data cited above, a strong association was found in data collected in 1994.10 In adults there is evidence for an association between asthma and obesity in Britain as early as 1982, but no other reports to show whether the relation existed earlier.6 Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, had already reached 14% in adults in the US by the early 1970s,11 a figure comparable to that reached in England in 1993,12 so it seems …
Isaac Ray's Classic
Authors: Stanley Stellar
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:—  In an editorial titled A Medicolegal Classic (JAMA184:306 [April 27] 1963) a query was posed concerning the book,A Treatise on the Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity, by Isaac Ray: Who today could produce such a work without secretaries, interlibrary loans, photostats, financial assistance from foundations or government agencies, and a series of interdisciplinary conferences?  Part of the answer is given in the editorial itself. At the time the book was written the author was only 31 years old, but he had already been in possession of his MD degree for 11 years. In other words, he had ended his preliminary instruction and started on his career-proper at the age of 20. What physician can do this today under the present educational system? By the time today's physician has completed his basic training and is ready to embark on an independent career, namely, at the end