tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diseases of the Newborn
Authors: Jerold F. Lucey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

In his preface the author states that this is "a book on clinical neonatology written by a practitioner." I would add that this is a very good book written by a very good and wise practitioner. It has matured well from a 1,995-gm, 878-page edition in 1960 to a 2,500-gm, 1,023-page second edition in 1965. As the only book devoted exclusively to clinical neonatology, it fulfills a real need. It is a reliable source of common sense advice on common and rare problems. Some may object to the frequent use of individual case histories and the liberal use of the author's personal experience. Others will find this an attractive feature of the book. It is well illustrated. The bibliographies are reasonably up to date and while not extensive are certainly adequate. The pharmacopoeia is a particularly valuable section, as it is in this area that physicians caring for newborn patients
Screening for HIV
Authors: Ned Calonge, Diana B. Petitti
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters20 December 2005Screening for HIVNed Calonge, MD, MPH and Diana B. Petitti, MD, MPHNed Calonge, MD, MPHFrom U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Denver, CO 80246, and Pasadena, CA 91888.Search for more papers by this author and Diana B. Petitti, MD, MPHFrom U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Denver, CO 80246, and Pasadena, CA 91888.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-12-200512200-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In updating its recommendations for HIV screening, the USPSTF strongly recommended that primary care clinicians screen all pregnant women as well as all adults and adolescents with identifiable risk factors for HIV infection (both were grade A recommendations) (1). It made, however, no recommendation for or against screening patients who are neither pregnant nor at high risk for HIV infection (a grade C recommendation), leaving the decision of whether to screen those individuals to the discretion of the primary care clinician. A grade C recommendation indicates that the USPSTF has found at least fair evidence that screening can ...References1. Chou R, Huffman LH, Fu R, Smits AK, Korthuis PT. Screening for HIV: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:55-73. [PMID: 15998755] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Harris RP, Helfand M, Woolf SH, Lohr KN, Mulrow CD, Teutsch SM, et al. Current methods of the US Preventive Services Task Force: a review of the process. Am J Prev Med. 2001;20:21-35. [PMID: 11306229] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Chou R, Korthuis PT, Huffman LH, Smits AK. Screening for Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Adolescents and Adults: Evidence Synthesis #38; 2005. Accessed at www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstfix.htm on 16 September 2005. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Denver, CO 80246, and Pasadena, CA 91888.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for HIV: Recommendation StatementScreening for HIV: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Roger Chou , Laurie Hoyt Huffman , Rongwei Fu , Ariel K. Smits , and P. Todd Korthuis Screening for HIV Curt G. Beckwith , Timothy P. Flanigan , Carlos del Rio , and John G. Bartlett Metrics 20 December 2005Volume 143, Issue 12Page: 916-917KeywordsAdolescentsBehaviorConflicts of interestHIVHIV infectionsHealth screeningMedical risk factorsPopulation statisticsPregnancy ePublished: 20 December 2005 Issue Published: 20 December 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Identification of cyclin B1 and Sec62 as biomarkers for recurrence in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection
Authors: Li Weng, Juan Du, Qinghui Zhou, Binbin Cheng, Jun Li, Denghai Zhang, Changquan Ling
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2012)

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Frequent tumor recurrence after surgery is related to its poor prognosis. Although gene expression signatures have been associated with outcome, the molecular basis of HCC recurrence is not fully understood, and there is no method to predict recurrence using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which can be easily obtained for recurrence prediction in the clinical setting. Methods According to the microarray analysis results, we constructed a co-expression network using the k-core algorithm to determine which genes play pivotal roles in the recurrence of HCC associated with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Furthermore, we evaluated the mRNA and protein expressions in the PBMCs from 80 patients with or without recurrence and 30 healthy subjects. The stability of the signatures was determined in HCC tissues from the same 80 patients. Data analysis included ROC analysis, correlation analysis, log-lank tests, and Cox modeling to identify independent predictors of tumor recurrence. Results The tumor-associated proteins cyclin B1, Sec62, and Birc3 were highly expressed in a subset of samples of recurrent HCC; cyclin B1, Sec62, and Birc3 positivity was observed in 80%, 65.7%, and 54.2% of the samples, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high expression levels of these proteins was associated with significantly reduced recurrence-free survival. Cox proportional hazards model analysis revealed that cyclin B1 (hazard ratio [HR], 4.762; p = 0.002) and Sec62 (HR, 2.674; p = 0.018) were independent predictors of HCC recurrence. Conclusion These results revealed that cyclin B1 and Sec62 may be candidate biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for HBV-related HCC recurrence after surgery.
Management of adolescents and adults with febrile illness in resource limited areas
Authors: J. A. Crump, S. Gove, C. M. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2011)

#### Summary points

Fever is common among adolescents and adults seeking healthcare in low income countries; in this setting, case fatality rates are often high and the range of potential infectious and non-infectious causes is broad (table 1⇓).1 2 These differences, combined with limited resources, mean that management guidelines developed for high income countries cannot readily be adapted to resource limited areas. It is often difficult to establish a diagnosis from the clinical history and physical examination alone because a range of diseases share similar clinical features. The diagnostic problem may be compounded by limited laboratory capacity for diagnostic testing.3 There may be limited or no laboratory services available; laboratory services may be prohibitively expensive for users; concerns may exist regarding the quality of results; and practical reliable diagnostic tests may not have been developed for some infections of local importance. When clinical and laboratory evaluations do …
Psychiatric Aspects of Organ Transplantation
Authors: Michael G. Wise
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  The review article by Drs House and Thompson 1 is a welcome addition to the transplantation literature. As psychiatrists who are often asked to consult on transplant recipients, we are glad to see this publication.  We would like to emphasize two important postoperative psychiatric problems that warrant further discussion. First, severe psychiatric disturbances (eg, mania, severe depression, psychosis, and delirium) can develop in up to 10% of patients treated with large doses of steroids. 2 When mood alterations occur, most patients will experience mood elevation. For example, within the last month we have seen two cardiac transplant recipients with steroid-induced mania. Management of these patients involves reduction of the dosage of steroids, if possible. When steroid dosage cannot be reduced, treatment with lithium works well in the management of drug-induced mania, in our experience. Lithium treatment can also be started prophylactically 3 when steroid therapy must be
Abstract 4597: Characterization and targeting of radiation-inducible neoantigens in multiple cancer types
Authors: Lincoln Muhoro, Heping Yan, Jeremy Hunn, Dinesh Thotala, Daniel Ferraro, Dennis Hallahan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Targeted therapy remains one of the biggest challenges in the effective treatment of cancer. Due to their heterogeneity, not all tumors respond to a particular treatment regimen with similar efficacy. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop targeted therapies that are not only highly specific to cancer subtypes but also have minimal toxicity towards normal tissue. Currently, development of anti-cancer antibodies is limited to antigens that are either overexpressed or antigens that are only expressed in a few patients. This limits both the number of available targets and their selectivity for tumors. Using phage display technology, we have identified proteins that are induced by clinical doses of ionizing radiation (IR): tax-interacting protein 1 (TIP-1) and TATA box-associated factor 15 (TAF-15). Following IR treatment, cell surface expression of both TIP-1 and TAF-15 is enhanced in a number of human cancers, including brain, lung, breast and pancreatic cancer. The underlying premise is that IR induces a stress response resulting from DNA strand breaks and activation of ATM repair pathways. After IR stress, these antigens translocate to the surface where they can be targeted for therapeutic purposes. These radiation-inducible neoantigens present a new synergistic model for the treatment of cancer using IR. In this study, we characterized both radiation-inducible targets in vitro and in vivo. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry data all demonstrated increased cell surface expression of both TIP-1 and TAF-15 after irradiation. We also developed a monoclonal antibody and a single chain antibody against TIP-1 and are currently in the process of developing antibodies against TAF-15. ELISA and near infra-red whole mouse imaging results demonstrate high affinity and high specificity of our lead anti-TIP-1 antibody and anti-TAF15 peptide in lung, brain, breast and pancreatic cancer. Dosimetry studies using immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis show a dose-dependent increase in expression of TIP-1 and TAF15, suggesting that these proteins may play a key role in the cancer cell's response to radiation stress. We are currently in the process of characterizing the mechanisms of how these proteins contribute to radioresistance and cancer survival processes such as proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. Citation Format: Lincoln Muhoro, Heping Yan, Jeremy Hunn, Dinesh Thotala, Daniel Ferraro, Dennis Hallahan. Characterization and targeting of radiation-inducible neoantigens in multiple cancer types. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4597. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4597
Epiphyseal Growth Plate Fractures
Authors: Robert J. Bielski
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dendrimer-enhanced MRI as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of sepsis-induced acute renal failure in aged mice
Authors: James W. Dear, Hisataka Kobayashi, Sang-Kyung Jo, Mikaela K. Holly, Xuzhen Hu, Peter S.T. Yuen, Martin W. Brechbiel, Robert A. Star
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Residual exertional ischemia and unfavorable left ventricular remodeling in patients with systolic dysfunction after anterior myocardial infarction
Authors: Pantaleo Giannuzzi, Claudio Marcassa, Pier L. Temporelli, Michele Galli, Ugo Corra, Alessandro Imparato, Pedro Silva, Marinella Gattone, Riccardo Campini, Amerigo Giordano, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Mary ("May") Donaldson Stewart
Authors: G. V Seccombe
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former chief medical officer for Scotland and an expert on the classification of mental disorders Bob Kendell was a seminal figure in the classification of mental disorders, in a way that deepened understanding.He earned international acclaim as an outstanding writer, a master of logical thinking, and a fine researcher.He decided on psychiatry early in his career and his doctoral thesis argued that there were several types of depressive illness, identifiable with systematically gathered clinical information.His 1975 book The Role of Diagnosis in Psychiatry remains a classic.He made important contributions to mental illnesses of pregnancy, addiction, schizophrenia, hysteria, lithium therapy, and electroconvulsive therapy, showing that the latter was undervalued, and unfairly depicted in the film One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest.He took a double first in natural sciences at Cambridge before doing his clinical training in London.After house jobs at Queen Square and the Brompton, he did his specialist training at the Maudsley, moving to an academic career at the Institute of Psychiatry.During this time he joined a major international study of psychiatric diagnosis.This applied structured interview techniques to areas where they had been absent.Diagnoses were generated according to specified and logical rules.The World Health Organization international pilot study of schizophrenia and many other studies have been based on the principles established in that project.In 1970, following a year as visiting professor of psychiatry in Vermont, he moved to Edinburgh as reader in psychiatry, becoming professor four years later.From 1986 to 1990 he was dean of medicine at the university, supervising the medical school's expansion.After a further year as professor he was
Relation between Plasma Lignocaine Levels and Induced Haemodynamic Changes
Authors: P. F. Binnion, G. Murtagh, A. M. Pollock, E. Fletcher
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Intravenous lignocaine (1 mg./kg. body weight) was found to produce insignificant haemodynamic changes, and in particular no reduction in myocardial contractility. A rate of 2 mg./minute infused intravenously is suggested for therapeutic purposes. In anaesthetized dogs an infusion of 13·5 mg./minute caused moderate haemodynamic depression and a maximum plasma level of 7 μg./ml. Massive injections of 200 and 400 mg. of lignocaine produced a maximum plasma level of 13·8 and 27·8 μg./ml., respectively, and in the latter failure of myocardial contraction in the presence of a normal E.C.G. ensued ("pump failure"). Lignocaine appears to alter the uptake of calcium by myocardial sarcoplasmic reticulum, and this may explain the negative inotropic effect of large doses.
A New Cannula With a Flexible Tip (Swing Tip) May Improve the Success Rate of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Y. Igarashi, T. Tada, J. Shimura, T. Ukita, H. Inoue, I. Maetani, Y. Sakai
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is sometimes unsuccessful because the anatomy of the papilla of Vater precludes cannulation by routine means. The efficacy of a new flexible tip cannula (the Swing Tip) was studied in patients in whom routine ERCP was unsuccessful.The Swing Tip cholangiographic catheter has an articulation at its tip which allows the tip to be flexed from 90 degrees to 30 degrees. Routine cholangiography was successful in 175 of 195 patients in whom it was attempted between September 2000 and November 2001. ERCP with the Swing Tip catheter was attempted in the 20 patients in whom ERCP had failed.In 17 of 20 patients, we attempted to insert the Swing Tip catheter into the common bile duct to perform cholangiography. Insertion was successful in 11 patients and unsuccessful in six. There were no complications related to the procedure.The Swing Tip catheter is a useful adjunct to standard ERCP catheters for patient in whom standard techniques are unsuccessful.
Deciphering the Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Human Pancreatic Ductal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Zhe Chang, Zhongkui Li, Xiaoyang Wang, Ya'an Kang, Yuhui Yuan, Jiangong Niu, Huamin Wang, Deyali Chatterjee, Jason B. Fleming, Min Li, James L. Abbruzzese, Paul J. Chiao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: The most common genetic lesions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been identified. However, significant gaps still exist in our understanding of how such genetic alterations act in concert to induce PDAC development. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of tumorigenic transformation in the immortalized human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cell line by sequentially introducing PDAC signature alterations into this cell line. Experimental Design: The phenotype for stable expression of mutant K-ras, Her2, p16/p14shRNA, and Smad4shRNA in HPDE cells was examined by assays for cell proliferation, migration, invasion, soft agar, and orthotopic tumorigenesis. The mechanisms of tumorigenic transformation were further explored by gene expression profiling and pathway analyses. Results: The transformed cells exhibited enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion, displayed anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, and grew orthotopic tumors with some histopathologic features of PDAC. We found that Smad4 played key roles in the tumorigenic transformation of HPDE cells. We further found that MDM2 and Bmi-1 were overexpressed in the tumorigenic HPDE cells and that Bmi-1 overexpression was regulated by Smad4. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software analysis of microarray data revealed that dysregulation of integrin-linked kinase signaling and the cell cycle were the most significant changes involved in tumorigenic transformation. Altogether, this cell culture model closely recapitulated human pancreatic carcinogenesis from gene lesions, activation of specific signaling pathways, and some histopathologic features. Conclusion: The combination of activated K-ras and Her2 with inactivated p16/p14 and Smad4 was sufficient and essential to transform HPDE cells, thus revealing the potential tumorigenic mechanism. Clin Cancer Res; 19(3); 549–59. ©2012 AACR.
Correlation between vitiligo antibodies and extent of depigmentation in vitiligo
Authors: Gail K. Naughton, Diana Reggiardo, Jean-Claude Bystryn
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1986)

We correlated the level of vitiligo antibodies to the extent of depigmentation in thirty-two patients with vitiligo. Vitiligo antibodies were assayed by protein A-sepharose immunoprecipitation method. Antibodies were present in four of eight (50%) patients with minimal vitiligo (<2% body surface involved), in nine of ten (90%) patients with moderate vitiligo (2 to 5% surface involved), and in thirteen of fourteen (93%) patients with more extensive disease (>5% surface involved). The level of vitiligo antibodies in the three groups expressed as a binding index was 2.9% ± 2.03, 5.6% ± 2.92, and 8.0% ± 3.03 SD, respectively. These results suggest that there is a relation between the incidence and level of vitiligo antibodies and the extent of depigmentation in vitiligo. We correlated the level of vitiligo antibodies to the extent of depigmentation in thirty-two patients with vitiligo. Vitiligo antibodies were assayed by protein A-sepharose immunoprecipitation method. Antibodies were present in four of eight (50%) patients with minimal vitiligo (<2% body surface involved), in nine of ten (90%) patients with moderate vitiligo (2 to 5% surface involved), and in thirteen of fourteen (93%) patients with more extensive disease (>5% surface involved). The level of vitiligo antibodies in the three groups expressed as a binding index was 2.9% ± 2.03, 5.6% ± 2.92, and 8.0% ± 3.03 SD, respectively. These results suggest that there is a relation between the incidence and level of vitiligo antibodies and the extent of depigmentation in vitiligo.
Differential mechanism for differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells in human resting B lymphocyte subsets isolated on the basis of cell density.
Authors: N Suzuki, Y Ueda, T Sakane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

We have investigated differential mechanism for differentiation of human peripheral blood resting B cells to Ig-secreting cells. Purified resting B cells were further fractionated into subsets by discontinuous density gradients of Percoll, and proliferation and differentiation responses to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) and/or T cell-derived soluble factors were studied. High density resting B cells were stimulated to proliferate vigorously in response to SAC, but were poorly differentiated by SAC in presence of T cell factors. In contrast, low density resting B cells failed to proliferate in response to SAC and/or T cell factors; these cells could, however, be induced by stimulation with SAC plus T cell factors to become cells actively secreting Ig. These results indicate that there may exist heterogeneity in the human resting B cells: one subset of resting B cells (B cells with low density) can differentiate directly into Ig-secreting cells without the need for proliferation, and another subset (B cells with high density) can proliferate actively without subsequent differentiation into Ig-secreting cells. To address whether these resting B cell subsets belong to the same lineage, only high density B cells recovered from circulating resting B cells were first stimulated for 7 d with SAC, refractionated on Percoll gradients, and differentiation response of the refractionated B cells to SAC and T cell factors was examined. B cells shifting toward low density fraction were located in the resting status and could differentiate in response to SAC plus T cell factors. These results indicate that some of B cells with high density belong to the same cell lineage as those with low density and they must first proliferate before differentiation.
Acronym-Named Randomized Trials in Medicine — The ART in Medicine Study
Authors: Matthew B. Stanbrook, Peter C. Austin, Donald A. Redelmeier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: The use of acronyms to name clinical trials is increasingly popular yet controversial.1,2 We evaluated whether the naming of a trial with an acronym is associated with a distinctive effect on research, measured as the citation rate after publication. We identified consecutive randomized trials published between 1953 and 2003 from all systematic reviews completed by the Cochrane Heart Group as of January 31, 2004. The trials were classified as having or not having a name composed of an acronym and were analyzed as clusters according to research question, with the use of hierarchical linear modeling.3 Of . . .