tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE VITAMIN B CONTENT OF CANCER
Authors: Henry Jackson, Clement I. Krantz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1929)

Burrows (1) has been led to believe that cancer may be due to a local excess of vitamin B in the tissue and he and his co-worker Jorstad bring forward some evidence that the Jensen rat sarcoma does actually contain an abnormally great amount of this accessory food substance (2) (3).They fed young rats a basic diet free from vitamin B to which were added ten grams Jensen rat sarcoma and from the growth curves obtained on this diet they conclude that cancerous tissue con- tains an abnormally great amount of vitamin, B. No normal resting organ was, however, directly contrasted with the malignant tissue, so we are left in doubt as to the exact quantitative differences in vitamin B content between normal and neoplastic tissue.If cancer really be due to, or associated with, an increase of vitamin B, then actively growing neoplastic tissue should, as Burrows claims, contain more of this accessory food factor than normal tissue.Experiments were therefore devised to check the results of Burrows and Jorstad as the matter is not without both theoretical and practical importance.Young white rats were placed on a basic diet containing: per cent Casein.......
[696] ROLE OF MELATONIN IN TREATMENT OF NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS IN RATS INDUCED BY HIGH FAT DIET
Authors: N. Kuzu, I.H. Bahcecioglu, K. Metin, I.H. Ozercan, M. Tuzcu, M. Yalniz, B. Ustundag, K. Sahin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
“Bounce at the Bell”: a novel program of short bouts of exercise improves proximal femur bone mass in early pubertal children
Authors: H A McKay, L MacLean, M Petit, K MacKelvie-O’Brien, P Janssen, T Beck, K M Khan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

To examine the effects of a simple and inexpensive physical activity intervention on change in bone mass and structure in school aged children.Fifty one children (n = 23 boys and 28 girls; mean age 10.1 years) participated in "Bounce at the Bell" which consisted of 10 counter-movement jumps 3x per day (total approximately 3 min/day). Controls were 71 matched children who followed usual school practice. We assessed dietary calcium, physical activity, physical performance, and anthropometry in September and after 8 months of intervention (June). We measured bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area at the lumbar spine, total body, and proximal femur. Proximal femur scans were also analysed for bone geometry and structural strength using the hip structural analysis program. Lean and fat mass (g) were also calculated.Groups were similar at baseline and did not differ in weight, height, total body, lumbar spine, proximal femur, or femoral neck BMC. Control children had a greater increase in adjusted total body BMC (1.4%). Intervention children gained significantly more BMC at the total proximal femur (2%) and the intertrochanteric region (27%). Change in bone structural parameters did not differ between groups.This novel, easily implemented exercise program, took only a few minutes each day and enhanced bone mass at the weight bearing proximal femur in early pubertal children. A large, randomised study of boys and girls should be undertaken powered to test the effectiveness of Bounce at the Bell in children at different stages of maturity, and in boys and girls independently.
Referring a Patient and Family to High-Quality Palliative Care at the Close of Life
Authors: Joan M. Teno, Stephen R. Connor
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Palliative care services are increasingly available to primary care physicians for both expert consultations and services to seriously ill patients. The United States now has more than 1400 hospital-based palliative care teams and more than 4700 hospice programs. We use an illustrative case of a palliative care hospitalization and intervention for a middle-aged man with severe pain from spinal metastases to discuss 4 key questions that a primary care physician faces in caring for the seriously ill patient with difficult symptom management: (1) Should I refer a patient to a hospital-based palliative care team or to hospice services for difficult symptom management? (2) If the patient is referred to a hospital-based palliative care team, what should I, as the primary care physician, expect? (3) When should I refer to hospice services a patient initially referred to a hospital-based palliative care team? and (4) How can I choose a hospice program that will provide competent, coordinated, and compassionate patient- and family-centered care? Primary care physicians now may choose among hospice programs, and the programs may vary in their quality of care. Validated tools to measure patient and family perceptions of the quality of hospice care are now available but progress in defining and measuring the quality of hospice care is still needed before actionable information will be available to guide the choice of hospice programs for physicians and consumers.
Abstract 3667: Pro-oxidant effects of the green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in oral cancer cells: A role for the mitochondria.
Authors: Ling Tao, Sarah C. Forester, Joshua D. Lambert
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant polyphenol in green tea (Camellia sinensis). Many laboratory studies have demonstrated its potential cancer chemopreventive effects. Previously, we found that EGCG inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in oral squamous carcinoma cells (SCC-25 and SCC-9), and that, EGCG-induced intracellular ROS played a key role in the inhibitory effects. EGCG treatment also caused a significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential after 72 h, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may have caused the increased intracellular ROS. In the present study, we further explored the role of the mitochondria in EGCG-mediated oxidative stress. We found that EGCG-induced intracellular ROS initially co-localized with the mitochondria of SCC-25 cells (by 1 h) and then spread throughout the cell. Treatment with 100 μM EGCG for 24 h inhibited the activity of mitochondrial membrane complex I by 50% and tended to inhibit complex III. These results demonstrate that EGCG can induce mitochondrial dysfunction in part by impairing electron transfer chain, resulting in increased intracellular ROS. Using qPCR, we found time-dependent changes in several genes. The expressions of thyroid peroxidase (TPO, 2.9-fold), Bcl2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3, 2.2-fold) and glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2, 1.2-fold) were increased within 6 h treatment. The latter two genes are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, respectively. By contrast to cancer cells, EGCG did not induce significant cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in normal human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1). EGCG treatment actually reduced intracellular ROS in HGF-1 cells in contrast to the increase observed in the cancer cell lines, indicating selective pro-oxidant effects of EGCG in oral cancer cells. In conclusion, induction of mitochondrial dysfunction and resultant production of intracellular ROS appear to play a significant role in the inhibitory effects of EGCG against oral cancer cells. The differential responses of cancer cells and normal cells to EGCG are being further studied. Citation Format: Ling Tao, Sarah C. Forester, Joshua D. Lambert. Pro-oxidant effects of the green tea catechin, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in oral cancer cells: A role for the mitochondria. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3667. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3667
What the Patient Should Order
Authors: Rebecca Daniels Kush
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2009)

Open global standards, workflow integration profiles, and related processes have been developed through consensus-based procedures. Although these standards and profiles should be augmented with additional therapeutic area-based content standards, they are available now to enable the use of electronic health records to directly support clinical research concurrent with patient care. Improving the exchange of information and integrating workflow between research and health care are inherently necessary to accelerate the pace of informing clinical decisions based on current research findings and for an efficient, cost-effective health care system to improve the quality of patient care.
A study of Spanish sepiolite workers.
Authors: K McConnochie, C Bevan, R G Newcombe, J P Lyons, J W Skidmore, J C Wagner
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--Sepiolite is an absorbent clay that is used as pet litter. It forms thin crystals, which are a transition between chain and layered silicates. Inhalation studies in animals have shown no evidence of pulmonary damage. This paper reports a cross sectional study of the total work force of the largest sepiolite production plant in the world. METHODS--Two hundred and eighteen workers (210 men and eight women) were studied. Height, age, and smoking history were recorded. Chest radiographs were read according to the International Labour Office (ILO) classification by two readers. Readings were used to construct a numerical score, which was then used in statistical analyses. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were divided by the square of the height. Casella size selective personal samplers were used in randomly selected operatives to collect dust eight years before the rest of the study was carried out. These samples were evaluated gravimetrically. Total dust samples were examined by optical and electron microscopes. Results were analysed by bivariate linear regression, chi 2 tests, and analysis of variance. RESULTS--When allowance was made for smoking habit workers exposed to dry dust showed a significantly greater decline in FEV1 with age than workers with little exposure to dry dust. A similar pattern applied to FVC. Radiographic score showed deterioration with age but no clear differences from other variables. High concentrations of dust were found in the bagging department and also in the classifier shed. CONCLUSIONS--The major finding was that lung function deteriorated more rapidly in those who had had more exposure to dust, but there was no evidence of any accompanying radiographic change.
Ghost authorship of industry funded drug trials is common, say researchers
Authors: Sally Hargreaves
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Ghost authorship, whereby someone who has made a major contribution to a scientific article as an author is not acknowledged, is a widespread practice, says a study published this week. 

In the clinical trials investigated in the study, three quarters of individuals who had made significant contributions to the final paper were not listed as authors ( PLoS Medicine 2007;4:e19). In most cases these were statisticians working for the company sponsoring the trial. 

“Ghost authorship is a form of research misappropriation, and we believe that this practice serves commercial purposes,” said the study's lead author, Peter Gotzsche, of the Nordic Cochrane Centre in Copenhagen. 

“Authorship establishes accountability, responsibility, …
Regression of Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma after Nonmyeloablative Allogeneic Peripheral-Blood Stem-Cell Transplantation
Authors: Richard Childs, Allen Chernoff, Nathalie Contentin, Erkut Bahceci, David Schrump, Susan Leitman, Elizabeth J. Read, John Tisdale, Cynthia Dunbar, W. Marston Linehan, Neal S. Young, Emmanuel Clave, Diane Epperson, Virginia Mayo, A. John Barrett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Since allogeneic stem-cell transplantation can induce curative graft-versus-leukemia reactions in patients with hematologic cancers, we sought to induce analogous graft-versus-tumor effects in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma by means of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation.
Communicating risk: Patients often have complex understanding of risk
Authors: S. Iliffe
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Why do doctors make such heavy weather of risk? The discussion of risk assessment and communication still slips into patronising patients and oversimplifying issues.1 We think that individual decisions are almost always reasoned and that patients often have more complex understanding of risk than their doctors.

There are two dimensions to understanding health risks from a citizen's perspective: their estimation of the probability and impact of any action or inaction, and their position on a spectrum from conformist to dissenting attitude.

Driving children to school does expose them to the risk of road crashes, but the probability of this happening is decreasing as the volume of traffic rises and the rate of serious crashes falls. The impact of accidents can be reduced by individual action (careful driving), technological innovation (safer cars), and social measures (traffic calming).

Similarly, the possibility of a connection between the vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella and autism is understood as a risk of a highly unlikely event that will have a profound impact, whereas measles, mumps, and rubella will have a low impact, despite being increasingly likely.

An emerging conception of the fit body emphasises that the immune system (if well brought up) will respond flexibly to challenge, without need for potentially hazardous immunisation. This new common sense about health emphasises autonomy and responsibility, and resonates with conventional wisdom about personal and economic flexibility. What alternative common sense can BMJ readers offer? Herd immunity is hardly an enticing idea for robust individualists.
Evaluation of the staphylococcal exotoxins and their specific IgE in childhood atopic dermatitis☆☆☆
Authors: Ichiro Nomura, Kazuko Tanaka, Hisashi Tomita, Toshio Katsunuma, Yukihiro Ohya, Norikazu Ikeda, Tae Takeda, Hirohisa Saito, Akira Akasawa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Structural Basis of CD8 Coreceptor Function Revealed by Crystallographic Analysis of a Murine CD8αα Ectodomain Fragment in Complex with H-2Kb
Authors: Petra S. Kern, Mai-kun Teng, Alex Smolyar, Jin-huan Liu, Ju Liu, Rebecca E. Hussey, Rebecca Spoerl, Hsiu-Ching Chang, Ellis L. Reinherz, Jia-huai Wang
Journal: Immunity (1998)
GENERALIZED URTICARIA WITH ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES SIMULATING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Robert F. Foster
Journal: JAMA (1952)

A review of the literature reveals that acute cardiac manifestations in association with urticaria are uncommon; however, it has been observed that definite cardiac changes may accompany allergic reactions. The report of the following case illustrates electrocardiographic changes simulating myocardial infarction that occurred during the course of urticaria.  REPORT OF A CASE  History.—  A white woman, 65, entered Providence Hospital on April 13, 1946, with the complaint of shortness of breath and hives. For the preceding two weeks her family physician had treated her with intravenously administered cincosal (sodium cinchophen, 1 gm., sodium salicylate, 1 gm., and sodium iodide, 0.5 gm., in 20 cc.) for arthritis. The contraindications to the use of cincosal are stated to be impaired heart action, syphilis, liver impairment or susceptibility to liver disease, tuberculosis, or thyroid disease. This was the only medication. Seven days before admission she noted itching of the scalp followed by
CMR-Verified Interstitial Myocardial Fibrosis as a Marker of Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in LMNA Mutation Carriers
Authors: Marianna Fontana, Andrea Barison, Nicoletta Botto, Luca Panchetti, Giulia Ricci, Matteo Milanesi, Roberta Poletti, Vincenzo Positano, Gabriele Siciliano, Claudio Passino, Massimo Lombardi, Michele Emdin, Pier Giorgio Masci
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Low-Temperature-Grown RS Virus in Adult Volunteers
Authors: William T. Friedewald
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A respiratory syncytial (RS) virus strain grown in bovine embryonic kidney tissue culture at 34 C or at 28 C infected the majority of inoculated adult volunteers. An acute mild upper-respiratory tract illness developed in most infected individuals. Subsequent cultivation of the virus strain in bovine embryonic kidney tissue culture at 26 C was associated with a decrease in infectivity for adult volunteers. The response of the infected volunteers suggested that the virus grown at 26 C had also lost virulence for adults. The results of the study were considered sufficiently encouraging to recommend a cautious stepwise evaluation of the RS virus grown at 26 C in progressively younger age groups.
Early Detection of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Michael J. Barry
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 October 1997Early Detection of Prostate CancerMichael J. Barry, MD and Christopher M. Coley, MDMichael J. Barry, MDMassachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA 02114Harvard University Health Services; Boston, MA 02138Search for more papers by this author and Christopher M. Coley, MDMassachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA 02114Harvard University Health Services; Boston, MA 02138Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The two preceding letters reflect the controversy over how aggressive clinicians should be in recommending for or against early detection efforts for prostate cancer, particularly with PSA determinations.Dr. Ashley and Mr. Knuth argue that the predicted benefits of early detection of prostate cancer would be greater at any given age if healthier men with longer life expectancies were selected for screening. We agree. However, we do not agree that clinicians screen only healthy men for prostate cancer (particularly when “healthy” is defined as having no significant illnesses, normal results on basic laboratory tests, and not smoking), and ...References1. Barry MJ, Roberts RG. Indications for PSA testing. JAMA. 1997; 277:955-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael J. Barry, MD; Christopher M. Coley, MDAffiliations: Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston, MA 02114Harvard University Health Services; Boston, MA 02138 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_1Page: 657 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1 gene overexpression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: analysis of NF-κB/Rel–regulated inhibitors of apoptosis
Authors: Gerd Munzert, Dieter Kirchner, Heike Stobbe, Lothar Bergmann, Roland M. Schmid, Hartmut Döhner, Hermann Heimpel
Journal: Blood (2002)
Mitral Valve Reopening
Authors: WILLIAM D. TOWNE, RAMESH PATEL, KAMAL K. CHAWLA
Journal: Circulation (1974)

We very much appreciate Dr. Chatterjee's response to our article and confess that we overlooked his previously published data when reviewing the medical literature for our own manuscript.The average values for the mean nor- malized systolic ejection rate in his normal and cardiomyopathy groups are remarkably similar to the values in our patients with normal and depressed ventricular func- tion, respectively.It is of interest that the values he derived from single plane cineangiograms are in close accord with those which we calculated from biplane studies.It should be noted, however, that our methodology is somewhat different; we estimate the ejection time from the cine fram- ing rate assuming an arbitrary 50 millisecond duration for the preejection period, whereas Chatterjee derived the ejec- tion rate by "drawing a tangent on the ejection portion of the volume curve."'Dr. Chatterjee's data, we believe, further validate the use of ejection phase indices, and in par- ticular the mean normalized systolic ejection rate, to assess myocardial performance in man.
THE AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS OF MONKEY KIDNEY CELLS IN FIRST CULTURE PASSAGE
Authors: Harry Eagle, A. E. Freeman, M. Levy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

Monkey kidney cells tested in their first culture passage, 24 hours after their isolation from the animal host, required the same 13 amino acids for survival and growth as cell lines serially propagated in culture for years. Under the conditions of the present experiments, arginine, cystine, glutamine, histidine, and tyrosine proved necessary, over and above the 8 amino acids required for nitrogen balance in man. With the serially propagated lines, glutamic acid substituted for glutamine only at extremely high and non-physiological levels. In the monkey kidney cell cultures, however, glutamic acid and glutamine were interchangeable, mole for mole; and aspartic acid and asparagine were also effective as glutamine substitutes. Glycine was growth-stimulatory for monkey kidney cells in primary culture, and the cells grown in a glycine-deficient medium usually failed to survive subculture.
878 PRE-CLINICAL CHARACTERISATION OF A NOVEL DIRECT ACTING ANTIVIRAL AGENT WITH A NEW MODE OF ACTION
Authors: N. Wilsher, S. Saalau-Bethell, A. Woodhead, A. Millemaggi, B. Graham, C. Hamlett, C. Murray, D. Norton, D. Rees, E. Chiarparin, H. Willems, J. Lewis, L. Fazal, M. Carr, M. Hodder, M. Reader, N. Thompson, P. Pathuri, S. Rich, S. Hiscock, V. Martins, M. Sanders
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Postmitotic Nuclear Retention of Episomal Plasmids Is Altered by DNA Labeling and Detection Methods
Authors: Joshua Z. Gasiorowski, David A. Dean
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

One often overlooked aspect of nonviral gene therapy is the maintenance and localization of plasmids within a transfected cell. In this study we have quantified the nuclear retention of plasmids within microinjected cells after a single round of cell division. We employed several commercially available reagents to label plasmids with fluorophores for our microinjection tracking experiments. Interestingly, plasmids labeled with different techniques produced drastically different results. Naked plasmids microinjected directly into nuclei and later detected by in situ hybridization were found almost exclusively within the nuclei of the daughter cells after mitosis and were partitioned between the daughter nuclei with a normal, Gaussian distribution. Identical results were obtained with plasmids labeled with a fluorescent peptide nucleic acid. However, when plasmids were labeled with several commercially available fluorescent DNA labeling kits that randomly attach fluorophores to the entire plasmid and injected into HeLa cell nuclei, the modified plasmids were excluded from daughter nuclei after cell division. Taken together, these results suggest that naked, unmodified plasmids are retained in the nucleus following cell division and likely continue to express in the daughter cells. Our results demonstrate the significant alterations in episome localization that the labeling technique itself can have on plasmid trafficking.