tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Marathons and St. John.
Authors: R. W. Brotherwood
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To describe the clinical features and coexisting serum autoantibodies in seven patients with encephalitis associated with autoantibodies to α-dendrotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs), and to compare this disorder with other autoimmune encephalopathies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Clinical information was obtained from a retrospective review of medical records and telephone interviews. All autoantibody testing was performed in a single laboratory. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The seven patients were examined for subacute cognitive and behavioral changes. Seizures, usually temporal-onset complex partial type, were documented in six patients, and all seven patients had EEG abnormalities. None had symptoms or signs of neuromuscular hyperexcitability. One described hypersalivation. Four patients had additional autoantibody markers of neurologic autoimmunity (muscle acetylcholine receptor, striational, P/Q-type calcium channel, or GAD65), and two had thyroperoxidase antibodies. Two patients had a history of cancer: one had active prostate adenocarcinoma, and the second had a remote history of tongue carcinoma. Cranial MRI demonstrated mesial temporal lobe abnormalities in all patients. One patient improved spontaneously, and six were treated with IV methylprednisolone. Three improved remarkably with treatment. At follow-up evaluation, one had no cognitive deficits, four had mild persistent short-term memory dysfunction, and two had persistent disabling behavioral deficits. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies are a valuable serologic marker of a potentially reversible autoimmune encephalopathy. The neurologic manifestations of this disorder are indistinguishable from paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis but are distinct from Morvan syndrome and Hashimoto encephalopathy.
Prevention of arterial thrombosis by a monoclonal antibody against the 100 to 109 amino acid sequence stretch of the beta-subunit of the human platelet fibrinogen receptor: A comparative study with low dose aspirin
Authors: Cristina Escudero, Lourdes Alvarez, Javier de Haro, José González, María Victoria Alvarez, Isabel Millán, Eduardo Jorge-Herrero, JoséLuis Castillo-Olivares
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Prevalence of colonic diverticulosis in general population of Oxford area.
Authors: O. N. Manousos, S. C. Truelove, K. Lumsden
Journal: BMJ (1967)

The transit times of food residues through the gastrointestinal tract have been studied by administering food mixed with a small amount of barium sulphate.Observations were made on 88 normal subjects, 75 patients with the irritable colon syndrome, and 43 patients with diverticulosis.The transit times were found to be substantially shorter in the patients with diverticula than in normal subjects and to follow closely the transit shown by patients with the irritable colon syndrome.This finding is put forward as evidence supporting the hypothesis that incoordinated colonic activity is the basic abnormality in diverticulosis.We wish to express our gratitude to all the patients and normal subjects who volunteered to take part in this study, the radiographers of the United Oxford Hospitals for their help, and the Medical Research Council for financial support.
THE SCHICK REACTION: A Clinical Test for the Determination of Susceptibility to Diphtheria
Authors: G. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1921)

Preparation of the Toxin and Technique of the Injection, FoR purposes of the Schick test1 a toxin which has been ripened for at least a year, and then carefully standardized by determining the minimal lethal dose for a 250-gram guinea-pig, should be used.The bulk toxin will keep its strength very well if a ripened toxin is used.A dilution of the toxin -is then made, of such strength that 1 c.cm. contains one-tenth of a minimal lethal dose.The amount actually injected in the test is 0.2 c.cm. of this dilution -that is, one-fiftieth of a minimal lethal dose.To make the injection it is essential to have a short, sharpbevellod needle which fits accurately on the syringe.A 1 c.cm.Record syringe is found.most convenient.The flexor aspect of the right forearm just below the bend of the elbow is the selected'spot.The arm hav:ing: been first cleaned.with ether or spirit, the skini-a-made taut between the forefinger and-
Use of cardiac pacemakers in Britain.
Authors: E Sowton
Journal: BMJ (1976)

In Britain during 1975 cardiac pacemakers were implanted at the rate of 56 new patients per million population. This is about one-third the rate for other Western countries but still represents an increase of 150% since 1972. Six-thousand generators were used, and apparatus worth about 2m pounds was implanted. Over 90% of the initial implantations were by the transvenous route, and the mortality from this operation was only 0-3%. Electrode repositioning was needed in 10% of cases. The average age of patients at the time of first implantation was 70. Most patients with pacemakers were able to obtain driving licenses and insurance; only 10% had to pay an additional premium. There is no evidence from insurance comparnies that such patients have an increased risk of accidents. Patients who wished to undertake paid employment almost always did so, often in their previous job. About 80% of the patients were able to increase or maintain their leisure activities at the same level of effort as before pacing became necessary. The number of implantations may be expected to increase by about three times over the next five years.
FEES OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS
Authors: J. Metcalfe
Journal: BMJ (1916)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To investigate patterns of self monitoring of blood glucose concentration in diabetic patients who use insulin and to determine whether frequency of self monitoring is related to glycaemic control. <b>Setting:</b> Diabetes database, Tayside, Scotland. <b>Subjects:</b> Patients resident in Tayside in 1993-5 who were using insulin and were registered on the database and diagnosed with insulin dependent (type 1) or non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetes before 1993. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Number of glucose monitoring reagent strips dispensed (reagent strip uptake) derived from records of prescriptions. First recorded haemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> concentration in the study period, and reagent strips dispensed in the previous 6 months. <b>Results:</b> Among 807 patients with type 1 diabetes, 128 (16%) did not redeem any prescriptions for glucose monitoring reagent strips in the 3 year study period. Only 161 (20%) redeemed prescriptions for enough reagent strips to test glucose daily. The corresponding figures for the 790 patients with type 2 diabetes who used insulin were 162 (21%; no strips) and 131 (17%; daily tests). Reagent strip uptake was influenced both by age and by deprivation category. There was a direct relation between uptake and glycaemic control for 258 patients (with recorded haemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> concentrations) with type 1 diabetes. In a linear regression model the decrease in haemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> concentration for every extra 180 reagent strips dispensed was 0.7%. For the 290 patients with type 2 diabetes who used insulin there was no such relation. <b>Conclusions:</b> Self monitoring of blood glucose concentration is associated with improved glycaemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. Regular self monitoring in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes is uncommon. <h3>Key messages</h3> Several studies have indicated the importance of self monitoring of blood glucose concentration for prevention of complications in patients with diabetes Uptake of reagent strips for self monitoring of blood glucose among diabetic patients who used insulin was low, with only 20% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 17% of those with type 2 diabetes obtaining enough strips to test blood glucose concentration once daily Reagent strip uptake depends on characteristics such as age and social deprivation category, and patient groups with low uptake should be identified and targeted There was a direct association between strip uptake in the previous 6 months and glycaemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes but not in those with type 2 diabetes
TCT-385 Prognostic impact of chronic total occlusion in ischemic heart disease and different age categories - A report from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry
Authors: Loes Hoebers, Truls Råmunddal, Jose P. Henriques, Per Albertsson, Oskar Angerås, Göran Matejka, Jacob Odenstedt, Petur Petursson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Association of HLA and autoantibody in transfused sickle cell disease patients
Authors: Mildred D. Ofosu, David A. Saunders, Georgia M. Dunston, Oswaldo Castro, Lamya Alarif
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract This study evaluates autoantibody production in sickle cell disease patients and determines whether genes in the major histocompatibility complex are associated with autoantibody responses. Rheumatoid factor was significantly increased for both male and female patients and was less prevalent in highly transfused patients. Significant increases were also detected in the incidences of antinuclear antibody for females and antismooth muscle antibody for males. Low incidence of antinuclear antibody was significantly associated with HLA‐DR3. Significant associations were also found between the incidence of antinuclear antibody and both HLA‐A28 and B15.
New-onset atrial fibrillation was associated with increased risk for mortality in initially healthy, middle-aged women
Authors: Munther K. Homoud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club20 September 2011New-onset atrial fibrillation was associated with increased risk for mortality in initially healthy, middle-aged womenMunther K. Homoud, MDMunther K. Homoud, MDTufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (M.K.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-6-201109200-02012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationConen D, Chae CU, Glynn RJ, et al. Risk of death and cardiovascular events in initially healthy women with new-onset atrial fibrillation. JAMA. 2011;305:2080-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21610240Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: References1 Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D’Agostino RB, et al. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1998;98:946-52. [PMID: 9737513] Google Scholar2 Schmitt J, Duray G, Gersh BJ, Hohnloser SH. Atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review of the incidence, clinical features and prognostic implications. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:1038-45. [PMID: 19109347] Google Scholar3 Pedersen OD, Abildstrøm SZ, Ottesen MM, et al; TRACE Study Investigators. Increased risk of sudden and non-sudden cardiovascular death in patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter following acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:290-5. [PMID: 16267070] Google Scholar4 Lehto M, Snapinn S, Dickstein K, Swedberg K, Nieminen MS; OPTIMAAL investigators. Prognostic risk of atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction: the OPTIMAAL experience. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:350-6. [PMID: 15618041] Google Scholar5 Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, et al; European Heart Rhythm Association; European Association for Cario-Thoracic Surgery. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2369-429. [PMID: 20802247] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Munther K. Homoud, MDAffiliations: Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (M.K.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 September 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAtrial fibrillation before or after incident MI was associated with increased risk for mortality Munther K. Homoud Metrics 20 September 2011Volume 155, Issue 6Page: JC3-12KeywordsAtrial fibrillationBody mass indexCongestive heart failureHazard ratioHypertensionMedical risk factorsMortalityMyocardial infarctionStrokeVitamin E ePublished: 20 September 2011 Issue Published: 20 September 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Elevated Serum Levels of the CXCR3 Chemokine ITAC Are Associated With the Development of Transplant Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: John Kao, Jon Kobashigawa, Michael C. Fishbein, W. Robb MacLellan, Marie D. Burdick, John A. Belperio, Robert M. Strieter
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Human and animal studies of acute allograft rejection have implicated CCR5 and CXCR3 chemokines as causative factors. However these chemokines have not been assessed in transplant coronary artery disease (TCAD).Serum levels of chemokines were measured by ELISA. Levels of ITAC/CXCL11 were found to be elevated in patients with severe TCAD compared with long-term survivors of transplantation without TCAD and with healthy volunteers who had not undergone transplantation (1.476+/-0.274 ng/mL, 0.926+/-0.466 ng/mL, and 0.741+/-0.321 ng/mL, respectively; P<0.05 for all comparisons to TCAD group). Immunohistochemical localization confirmed the presence of CXCR3+ mononuclear cells within lesions and the presence of the ligand, ITAC/CXCL11, on the surface of endothelial cells associated with TCAD.Elevated peripheral blood levels of the CXCR3 chemokine ITAC/CXCL11 are associated with severe TCAD and may serve as a marker for patients at increased risk for the development of this disease. Immunohistochemical localization of the CXCR3 chemokine ligand ITAC/CXCL11 on the endothelial surface of TCAD lesions with underlying infiltration of inflammatory mononuclear cells expressing CXCR3 suggests a causative role for this chemokine in the development of TCAD. The present study is one of the first to demonstrate a role for ITAC/CXCL11 in this disease.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PARALYSIS OF THE VOCAL CORDS
Authors: E. FLETCHER INGALS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

infiltrations, used in strengthof from 3 to 10 per cent, and thoroughly rubbed in, while the latter is reserved for ulcérations, applied in saturated solution at intervals of from seven to ten days.Both of these drugs find their greatest field of usefulness in cases which are not suitable for surgical measures; that is, in patients with active tuberculosis who are running high temperatures, or who have extensive involvement of the larynx or
Systemic management of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: G. Liew, P. Mitchell, T. Y Wong
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Background:</h3> The beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) have been demonstrated in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis on disease and co-morbidities while they are not clearly established in psoriatic arthritis. <h3>Objectives:</h3> Thus, the aim of this study was, on the basis of a systematic review of the literature, (i) to assess the level of physical activity in these patients and (ii) to determine the effects of physical activity on joint and extra articular symptoms and on well-being. <h3>Methods:</h3> The research strategy was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane,and PEDro databases using the following keywords: “psoriatic arthritis AND physical activity” without restriction. Articles published in English before October 2019 were identified and selected according to the PRISMA methodology by two independent investigators. In case of disagreement, a third investigator was interviewed. To be included in the qualitative synthesis, the studies had to meet the PICOS criteria. <h3>Results:</h3> Among the 259 studies identified, 13 were finally included. 241 were excluded because they did not address the topic or were not in English and 5 were duplicated. Two epidemiological studies revealed that 17 and 68 % of patients comply with WHO recommendations for the general population in terms of physical activity. The main explanations expressed by patients are; a lack of promotion of physical activity by the rheumatologist and the fear of pain during the movement also called “kinesiophobia”. Among the three prospective randomized clinical trials, one of them showed a significant 20% reduction in the BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease) and a 25% reduction in pain. Fatigue was significantly reduced by 15% following a physical activity protocol on a cyclergometer for 11 weeks. Muscle strength and maximum VO2 were significantly improved after participation in the physical activity protocol in two of the clinical trials. Four retrospective studies evaluated the effect of physical activity on the risk of enthesitis or dactylitis. None were associated with an increased risk of enthesitis. However, physical activity was found to be a risk factor for structural remodelling of the Achilles tendon. And, avoiding physical activity seems to be a protective factor against the risk of enthesitis. On the other hand, the three clinical trials did not mention any increase in the disease’s activity score. Finally, the effects of four rehabilitation programs have been evaluated in psoriatic arthritis and other inflammatory rheumatism. The beneficial effects were modest and concerned the reduction of pain for all the programs and of fatigue for two of the programs. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> The studies showed a beneficial effect of physical activity on disease activity, on well-being and on comorbidities. The data on the risk of enthesitis are reassuring. Further investigations are necessary to confirm these results and to precise the modalities of exercise. <h3>Disclosure of Interests:</h3> None declared.
Determinations of DPN (TPN) Thiamine, Amino Acids and Amino Sugars in Blood of Animals with Experimental Myocardial Infarction
Authors: G. CABRERA, A. BEUREN, R. J. BING
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

An investigation was made of the possible release from heart muscle of substances of small molecular weight following experimental myocardial infarction. These resulting chemical changes in coronary vein blood may be due to metabolic alterations of the cell which would either precede cell death or take place in cells with reversible metabolic changes. The coronary arteriovenous differences of pyridine nucleotides, thiamine and its phosphorylated derivatives, amino acids and amino sugars were investigated. No changes from the control were found. The negative results may have been caused by the rapid turnover of these substances in blood.
A Possible Role of Vitamin D in the Genesis of Parenteral-Nutrition-Induced Metabolic Bone Disease
Authors: MOSHE SHIKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Patients receiving long term parenteral nutrition may develop metabolic bone disease. In all 11 patients studied, histologic studies of bone showed excessive unmineralized bone tissue despite normal plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Three patients also had bone pain and fractures and severe urinary loss of calcium and phosphate. Withdrawal of vitamin D from parenteral nutrition solutions was associated with improved histologic findings of bone in all patients, shown by a decrease in osteoid tissue and an increase in tetracycline uptake. In the three patients with symptoms, bone pain subsided, fractures healed, and urinary loss of calcium and phosphate decreased. Thus, vitamin D may be a factor in the genesis of parenteral nutrition-induced metabolic bone disease.
Diversity in Degrees of Freedom of Mitochondrial Transit Peptides
Authors: C. Staiger, A. Hinneburg, R. B. Klosgen
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells as precursor proteins carrying N-terminal extensions called transit peptides or presequences, which mediate their specific transport into mitochondria. However, plant cells possess a second potential target organelle for such transit peptides, the chloroplast. It can therefore be assumed that mitochondrial transit peptides in plants are exposed to an increased demand of specificity, which in turn leads to reduced degrees of freedom in these transit peptides compared with those of nonplant organisms. Our study investigates this hypothesis using fractal dimension. Statistical analysis of sequence data shows that the fractal dimension of mitochondrial transit peptides in plants is indeed significantly lower than that from nonplant organisms.
Chronic cholestasis in rats induces anhedonia and a loss of social interest
Authors: Mark G. Swain, Tai Le
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Central fatigue commonly occurs in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and correlates closely with depression, and cholestatic rats exhibit central fatigue. Therefore, we undertook a series of experiments in both rats with cholestasis caused by bile duct resection (BDR) and sham-resected controls (15 days after surgery) to determine if experimental cholestasis is associated with symptoms of depression that can be modeled in rats, namely anhedonia (loss of pleasure) and the loss of social interest. BDR rats exhibited significant anhedonia compared with sham controls as indicated by a loss in their preference for consuming a saccharin solution, a highly desirable drink for rats. Furthermore, social interest was examined by determining the time BDR or sham rats spent investigating a juvenile rat in an open-field apparatus compared with the time spent on nonsocial behaviors. BDR rats exhibited significantly reduced time spent in social investigation and significantly more time in nonsocial behaviors than did sham rats. Major depression in humans is often associated with elevated circulating glucocorticoid levels and impaired glucocorticoid feedback. Therefore, we measured these parameters in BDR and sham rats and found a striking elevation in circulating glucocorticoid levels in BDR compared with sham animals. However, elevated circulating glucocorticoid levels in BDR rats suppressed normally in response to exogenous dexamethasone, indicating intact glucocorticoid feedback control at the pituitary level in BDR rats. In summary, we have identified behaviors in cholestatic rats that are consistent with those seen in depression.