tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Higher Standards for Epidemiologic Studies—Replication Prior to Publication?
Authors: Douglas L. Weed
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>N</i>-Formylpeptides Induce Two Distinct Concentration Optima for Mouse Neutrophil Chemotaxis by Differential Interaction with Two <i>N</i>-Formylpeptide Receptor (Fpr) Subtypes
Authors: Jennifer K. Hartt, Grant Barish, Philip M. Murphy, Ji-Liang Gao
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

The N-formylpeptide receptor (FPR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that mediates mammalian phagocyte chemotactic responses to bacterial N-formylpeptides. Here we show that a mouse gene named Fpr-rs2 encodes a second N-formylpeptide receptor subtype selective for neutrophils which we have provisionally named FPR2. The prototype N-formylpeptide fMLF induced calcium flux and chemotaxis in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells stably transfected with FPR2. The EC(50)s, approximately 5 microM for calcium flux and chemotaxis, were approximately 100-fold greater than the corresponding values for mouse FPR-transfected HEK 293 cells. Consistent with this, fMLF induced two distinct concentration optima for chemotaxis of normal mouse neutrophils, but only the high concentration optimum for chemotaxis of neutrophils from FPR knockout mice. Based on these data, we hypothesize that high- and low-affinity N-formylpeptide receptors, FPR and FPR2, respectively, may function in vivo as a relay mediating neutrophil migration through the high and low concentration portions of N-formylpeptide gradients.
Predictors of functional status in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: L M A Jansen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

To find disease parameters that can predict the functional capacity of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at the first visit to the rheumatologist and one year after entry.Patients referred to the outpatients clinic between 1995 and 1996, with a symptom duration of less than three years and fulfilling the American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for RA within one year after entry were included. Assessments of the duration of morning stiffness, the Disease Activity Score (DAS: a composite score based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), number of painful and swollen joints and patient global assessment), pain (Visual Analogue Scale), the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (AIMS) and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were performed every three months. Possible predictors of the HAQ at entry and after one year were analysed by logistic regression.133 patients were included in the study. The median duration of complaints was three months (range 0-35) and the median HAQ score at entry was 1.12 (range 0-3). There was no correlation between duration of complaints and the HAQ at entry (r = 0.01). An HAQ score under the 50th percentile at entry could be predicted correctly for 74% of the patients by entry DAS and C reactive protein concentration, and at one year could be predicted correctly for 73% of the patients by entry HAQ and pain score.Disease activity is strongly correlated with a lower functional capacity at entry, whereas disease duration is not. The functional status at entry is a good predictor for functional status at one year. Severity rather than duration of arthritis prompts referral in this cohort.
Sexual Rehabilitation of Urologic Cancer Patients: A Practical Approach
Authors: L. R. Schover, A. C. Von Eschenbach, D. B. Smith, J. Gonzalez
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1984)

Sexual rehabilitation is an important aspect of preserving a patient's quality of life after treatment for urogenital cancer. Sexual rehabilitation does not usually require a specialized program, but can be an integral part of cancer treatment. Members of the health care team can provide sexual information for the patient and partner, as well as assess the need for more intensive marital or sex therapy. This paper presents specific sexual issues related to prostate, bladder, testicular, and penile cancers.
IL-9: a new culprit in atherosclerosis?
Authors: S. Taleb, A. Tedgui
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

This editorial refers to ‘IL-9 aggravates the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice’ by W. Zhang et al. , pp. 453–464. 

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall driven by innate and adaptive immunity. Atherosclerotic lesions contain a variety of cells including smooth muscle cells, macrophages, and T lymphocytes, as well as other inflammatory cells, such as mast cells and NKT cells. This collection of cells promotes the development of atherosclerosis through the production of inflammatory factors. Among CD4+T cells, Th 1 cells have been shown to exert proatherogenic effects, whereas regulatory T cells (Treg) display atheroprotective properties and the role of Th2 and Th17 cells remains unclear.1 The differentiation of Th cells into effector subsets that secrete specific pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines is critical for the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. The development of Th subpopulations is dependent on the expression of lineage-specific transcription factors that are regulated by specific cell–cell interactions, as well as by the cytokine environment. Among these is the recently described Th9 cell subset that preferentially secretes IL-9.2 IL-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is highly expressed in diseases where Th2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, are up-regulated, which explains why it was initially considered as a Th2 cytokine. In addition to Th9 or Th2 cells, mast cells, eosinophils, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), and NKT cells have been shown to be sources for this cytokine.3 

The differentiation of Th9 cells is dependent on transcription factors that include PU.1, downstream of …
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF CT ANGIOGRAPHY VERSUS STRESS ECG: A LARGE RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF SUSPECTED ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME CHEST PAIN IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT – “CTCOMPARE”
Authors: Christian Hamilton-Craig, Allison Fifoot, Mark Hansen, Matthew Pincus, Jonathan Chan, Joanne Neill, Darren L. Walters, Kelley Branch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Aseptic Necrosis of Pancreas
Authors: W. Pagel, A. L. Woolf
Journal: BMJ (1948)

SYMPATHETIC NERVE IN CANCEROUS PAINsatisfactory results, extending over two years, of lumbar sympathectomy in patients with slowly evolutive cancer of the cervix, I have witnessed recurrence of pain after three weeks and two months respectively.It seems that the stumps of sympathetic trunks that have undergone section soon get irritated by the progressive involvement of lymph nodes and thus bring about recurrence of pain; besides, infiltration on a higher segment may yet be successful, so that operation may well be deemed useless.I still perform it, however, under the following circumstances: (1) In the case of left colostomy for very extensive and painful pelvic cancer.Before opening the peritoneum I explore the left sympathetic trunk by subperitoneal approach, and when accessible I remove it.(2) When haemorrhages render operation in the neck necessary I remove the external carotid, together with a considerable portion of the upper thyroid, facial, and occipital arteries-the most sensitive arteries in this area.In addition, I resect the upper cervical sympathetic ganglion.Summary Lesions of the sympathetic ganglia and arterial walls are encountered in cancerous patients undergoing pain.There are in the lumbar region and in the neck well-defined types of sympathetic pain.These are greatly relieved by cocaine infiltrations of the sympathetic trunks.This procedure, which is simple, should be preferred to operations on the sympathetic nerve, which are difficult and which often lead to recurrences.I am grateful to Prof.
NEW SCLERAL TREPHINE
Authors: Harry S. Gradle
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Elliot's trephining operation has proved of wonderful service in glaucoma and is now one of the recognized procedures in combating that disease. The technic is simple and the results are equally satisfactory compared with those following iridectomy. Moreover, there is but a minimum of optical disfigurement. The main objections are mechanical and can be attributed to the trephine itself. The hand trephine is difficult to steady and keep in the original incision while applying proper downward pressure and rotary motion. The watch-spring type of corneal trephine cannot be controlled accurately, and the small set-screws, for adjusting the cutting points, are apt to catch the conjunctival flap and badly lacerate it. Therefore I devised the trephine herewith illustrated: A shaft, rotating freely within a rigid housing, is actuated by a flexible shaft at right angles to the main shaft and connected with it by a simple rack-and-pinion bearing. (Fig. 1). The
QT interval in patients with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension and in cirrhotic patients treated with transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt
Authors: Franco Trevisani, Manuela Merli, Francesco Savelli, Valentina Valeriano, Andrea Zambruni, Oliviero Riggio, Paolo Caraceni, Marco Domenicali, Mauro Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Microtubule-dependent transport of bile salts through hepatocytes: Cholic vs. taurocholic acid
Authors: James M. Crawford, Aleta R. Crawford, Deborah C. J. Strahs
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Studies with taurine-conjugated bile salts have demonstrated two pathways for hepatocellular delivery of bile salts to bile: a cytosolic, microtubule-independent pathway and a membrane-based, microtubule-dependent pathway. However, a significant portion of circulating bile salts may be unconjugated. To determine whether free bile salts utilize similar pathways, we examined the effect of colchicine on the biliary excretion of intravenously administered cholic acid and taurocholate in intact rats. Basal rats were pretreated with low-dose colchicine or its inactive isomer, lumicolchicine, 1 hr before placement of intravenous and biliary cannulas and 2.75 hr before intravenous injection of [ 14 C]cholic acid and [ 3 H]taurocholate. Superfused rats were prepared as above but with intravenous infusion of taurocholate at 200 nmol/min 100 gm beginning 0.75 hr before [ 14 C]cholic acid/[ 3 H]taurocholate injection. Depleted/reinfused rats were subjected to biliary diversion for 20 hr before coichicine or lumicolchicine pretreatment, infusion of taurocholate and [ 14 C]cholic acid/[ 3 H]taurocholate injection. In each group, biliary excretion of [ 14 C]taurocholate and [ 3 H]taurocholate was inhibited equally by colchicine; for peak excretion rates the respective inhibition values were 33% and 35% in basal rats, 63% and 65% in superfused rats, and 74% and 76% in depleted/reinfused rats. Biliary excretion of [ 14 C]taurocholate occurred consistently later than excretion of [ 3 H]taurocholate, and maximal rates of excretion were reduced. In contrast, plasma uptake rates of [ 14 C]cholic acid and [ 3 H]taurocholate were essentially the same in depleted/reinfused rats. Deconvolution analysis of [ 14 C]taurocholate vs. [ 3 H]taurocholate biliary excretion curves revealed no significant differences among experimental groups. We conclude that conversion of [ 14 C]cholic acid to [ 14 C]taurocholate slightly retards its biliary excretion and diminishes its peak excretion rate compared with exogenous [ 3 H]taurocholate. However, there appear to be no other differences in hepatocellular processing of the unconjugated and conjugated bile salts: taurocholate generated in the cytosol or taken up from plasma enters the same intracellular pathways for biliary excretion under different conditions. (HEPATOLOGY 1993;18:903-911).
Analysis of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: comparison between RQ-PCR analysis of Ig/TcR gene rearrangements and multicolor flow cytometric immunophenotyping
Authors: M Malec, V H J van der Velden, E Björklund, J M Wijkhuijs, S Söderhäll, J Mazur, M Björkholm, A Porwit-MacDonald
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Toll-like receptor 2 mediates the activation of human monocytes and endothelial cells by antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Nathalie Satta, Egbert K. O. Kruithof, Céline Fickentscher, Sylvie Dunoyer-Geindre, Françoise Boehlen, Guido Reber, Danielle Burger, Philippe de Moerloose
Journal: Blood (2011)
The Teardrop Approach
Authors: Lawrence J. Hergott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Ad Libitum17 November 2009The Teardrop ApproachLawrence J. Hergott, MDLawrence J. Hergott, MDFrom University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80207-3442.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-10-200911170-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Stop!Stop it!Stop what you're doing,completely.Listen to me.This could happen to you.Don't think you'e protected—we were flourishing before.Perhaps not this, exactly,what happened to us,but This,yes, it's a definite possibility.Out of the blue, Thiscan drop you to your kneestime and again,your forehead on the floorlike a devout Muslim at prayer—but you convulsingin a way only sobbing brings.in the shape of a teardrop... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80207-3442.Current Author Address: Lawrence J. Hergott, MD, 2338 Leyden Street, Denver, CO 80207-3442. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 November 2009Volume 151, Issue 10Page: 753KeywordsBrainCoronary arteriesHeartKneesShouldersSmell ePublished: 17 November 2009 Issue Published: 17 November 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic ultrasonography and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the preoperative localisation of insulinomas and gastrinomas.
Authors: T Zimmer, U Stolzel, M Bader, K Koppenhagen, B Hamm, H Buhr, E O Riecken, B Wiedenmann
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) can detect a high percentage of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours especially in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The ability of these procedures to localise primary tumour lesions and metastases of gastrinomas and insulinomas was evaluated in comparison with transabdominal ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective trial, patients with gastrinomas (n = 10) and insulinomas (n = 10) diagnosed by clinical signs and laboratory tests were assessed by EUS, SRS, US, CT and MRI. RESULTS: In 10 patients with gastrinoma and 10 patients with insulinoma, a total of 14 separate primary tumour lesions were histologically confirmed for each of the tumour entities. The mean diameter was 2.1 cm for gastrinomas and 1.5 cm for insulinomas. All insulinomas and nine gastrinoma lesions were located in the pancreas. Three gastrinomas were found in the duodenal wall, one in a periduodenal lymph node, and one in the liver, For gastrinomas, sensitivities were 79% with EUS, 86% with SRS and 29% with CT, US, and MRI. For insulinomas, sensitivities were 93% with EUS, 14% with SRS, 21% with CT and 7% with US and MRI. CONCLUSIONS: EUS is of high value for localising primary lesions of both tumour entities. SRS is a very sensitive procedure for diagnosing of gastrinomas but not insulinomas. CT, US and MRI are primarily useful for visualising metastases.
Thyroid Nodularity in Children
Authors: Marvin L. Rallison
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Of 5,179 school children surveyed in Utah, Nevada, and Arizona for thyroid abnormalities because of possible exposure to radiation from fallout, nodularity of the thyroid was found in 98 (1.8%). In 34, the nodularity represented lobulation associated with adolescent goiter, and in 31, thyroiditis. Two malignant neoplasms were found. In a normal childhood population in which nodularity is incidentally discovered on physical examination, the risk of nodularity being malignant is approximately 2%. Factors that favor exploration of thyroid nodules in children are discreteness, growth of the mass, singleness, and absence of other thyroid disease.
The Autopsy
Authors: Robert E. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The autopsy appears to be on the way to assuming an increasingly important role in patient care, continuing education, education of medical students and house staff, research in environmental pathology, and more fundamental aspects of disease. This trend needs to be nurtured. Not only pathologists but all physicians need to plan carefully to utilize autopsies to the fullest possible extent. Interest will continue to grow only if autopsies are performed or are closely supervised by highly motivated and experienced pathologists asking critical questions of current medical, scientific, and social concern. New, imaginative approaches are needed to develop the data necessary to address these questions.
Report on the Sanitary Condition of Windsor
Authors: B. Denton
Journal: BMJ (1895)

HYGIENIC TOWELETTES.WE have received from the Sanitary Wood Wool Company samples of their improved towelettes, for which it is claimed that they are turned out with greater softness and absorbing power than hitherto.These excellent towelettes might well replace the old-fashioned linen diapers, as they can be pur- chased at Is. a dozen, which is about the cost of washing the tordinary diaper now used.TEA, COFFEE, AND COCOA MEASURE.'TBrs invention is made as a small bell-shaped cup, with -divisional markings from one to four teaspoonfuls.An article such as this is much needed for the purpose of exactness to prevent these beverages being made too strong, and thus causing them to be Injurious to the health and distaste- ful to the palate, or of being made so weak by insufficient quantity as to be not worth drinking.The measure is a great improvement on the rough and ready way now in vogue of measuring by various size teaspoons.
The Functional Pathology of Disease: The Physiologic Basis of Clinical Medicine
Authors: Charles S. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This is a new edition of "Clinical Physiology," which was published in 1957. Dr. Grollman notes that the new title better expresses the aim of the book, which is now about 140 pages longer, has several new authors and new chapters, as well as rearrangements of old chapters. In the editor's words, "The purpose... is to present to the senior medical student, the intern, and the practitioner the basic physiologic principles of clinical medicine." This is an important objective in presentday medical teaching. The need to bring the basic sciences close to clinical medicine has resulted in courses called "pathophysiology" or "the scientific basis for medical practice." Moreover, the rapid increase in courses for graduates and the emphasis on continuing medical education make it necessary to have books available which emphasize understanding the science of medicine. Just how far this book accomplishes the high purpose intended is open to some
Puma Deletion Delays Cardiac Dysfunction in Murine Heart Failure Models Through Attenuation of Apoptosis
Authors: Adel Mandl, Ly Huong Pham, Kalman Toth, Gerald Zambetti, Peter Erhardt
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Puma (p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis) is a proapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein that serves as a general sensor in response to pathological apoptotic stimuli. In previous work, we demonstrated that puma ablation protects the heart from reperfusion injury in a Langendorff setting. Consistent with this, downregulation of Puma in isolated cardiac myocytes prevented apoptosis induced by different proapoptotic agents. Here, we extended our research to investigate the role of Puma, a downstream mediator of p53, in the development of heart failure using Puma −/− mice. Methods and Results— Mice underwent transverse aortic constriction, and the characteristics of cardiac remodeling were analyzed by echocardiography, histology, and gene expression at multiple time points after surgery. Four weeks after the operation, puma deletion attenuated pressure overload–induced apoptosis and fibrosis; however, it did not affect hypertrophy and angiogenesis and maintained functional performance (fractional shortening, 39% versus 25.2% in Puma −/− versus WT mice, respectively). Even at 12 weeks after transverse aortic constriction, Puma −/− mice displayed only slightly reduced contractility. In addition, transverse aortic constriction induced puma expression in a partially p53-dependent manner. To corroborate these findings, we studied another heart failure model in which heart-specific mdm4 deletion leads to p53 activation and dilated cardiomyopathy. In these mice, Puma was upregulated and its deletion rescued the cardiomyopathy phenotype. Conclusions— Our data indicate that Puma might be a critical component of the apoptotic signaling pathways that contribute to ventricular remodeling and heart failure. Therefore, Puma inactivation may serve as a preferential target to prevent heart failure induced by cellular stress.
Diabetic Retinopathy Possibly Results From Poor Blood Sugar Control Associated With MTHFR Gene Polymorphism in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Makiko Maeda, Isamu Yamamoto, Masakatsu Fukuda, Mari Nishida, Junko Fujitsu, Shinpei Nonen, Tsuyoshi Igarashi, Takashi Motomura, Makiko Inaba, Yasushi Fujio, Junichi Azuma
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We appreciate the comments of Dr. Yoshioka et al. (1). As described previously (2), we excluded the patients with >133 μmol/l serum creatinine level. In addition, the patients with >300 mg/dl urinary protein levels did not participate in our study. We considered that these exclusions must elucidate the effects of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism, not the effects of nephropathy, on the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetic patients. We agree with their comment that we analyzed the correlation …
The Use of Synthetic Oxytocin in Nursing or Non-Nursing Mothers
Authors: Robert H. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The possibility of administering oxytocin by nasal spray, either to inhibit lactation or to assist it, was investigated in 393 mothers. The 165 nursing mothers sprayed each nostril immediately before the baby nursed, while the 228 non-nursing mothers used the spray as desired to prevent pain or engorgement. The desired effect, the letdown of accumulated milk, was ascribed to the action of oxytocin in stimulating the involuntary musculature of the peripheral breast tissue to contract and so to force the milk into the larger ducts of the central portion of the breast, whence it was readily discharged. Good or fair results were obtained in all but 20 of the nursing and all but 10 of the non-nursing mothers, and no evidence of untoward reactions was observed in any of the patients studied.