tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
APOE Polymorphisms and Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Walter A. Kukull, George M. Martin
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2056: Anticancer bioactive peptide potentiates cisplatin chemotherapy efficacy to improve the quality of life in xenografted nude mice bearing human gastric cancer.
Authors: Xiulan Su, Chao Dong, Liya Su, Jialing Zhang, Xuemei Wang, Xia Bai, Hongwei Cui, Zhong Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract A great challenge of cancer chemotherapy is to eliminate cancer cells and concurrently maintain the quality of life (QOL) for cancer patients. We previously found that anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP) alone exhibited anti-tumor activity without measurable side effects. Thus, we hypothesize that ACBP and combined chemotherapy could lower the drug dose and improve the efficacy of treatment, leading to a better QOL. In this study, ACBP was isolated and purified from goat liver, and designated as ACBP-L. The anti-tumor activity of ACBP-L was titrated on human gastric cancer MGC-803 cell line in vitro by MTT assay, and its effect on cell morphology was observed through light and scanning electron microscopy. In vivo, MGC-803 tumors were grown in a xenograft nude mouse model, the body weight, food intake, volume and weight of tumors were measured. 18F- FDG PET/CT scan was used to examine the biological activity in tumors of live animals. Expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3 and Caspase 8 in the tumor specimens was examined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Herein, we showed that ACBP-L inhibited MGC-803 cells in a dose and time dependent manner in vitro. In the MGC-803 xenograft nude mouse model, ACBP-L alone significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo without measurable side effects. Treatment with the full dosage of Cisplatin alone (5mg/kg every 4 days) strongly suppressed tumor growth; however, the QOL in these mice had been significantly affected when measured by food intakes and body weight. The combinatory regiment of ACBP-L with a fewer doses of Cisplatin (5mg/kg every 10 days) resulted in a similar anti-tumor activity with improved QOL. The tumor tissues were harvested after treatment, and ACBP-L suppressed Bcl-2, and induced Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 8 protein expression more significantly than in the tissues harvested from Cisplatin alone treatment as detected by immunohistochemistry. The combinatory regiment induced stronger gene expression of Bax and Caspase 8. Our data demonstrated that ACBP-L could lower Cisplatin dose to achieve a similar anti-tumor efficacy as the higher dose of Cisplatin alone. This combined regiment improved QOL in the xenograft gastric cancer model through the modulation of apoptotic molecules. Citation Format: Xiulan Su, Chao Dong, Liya Su, Jialing Zhang, Xuemei Wang, Xia Bai, Hongwei Cui, Zhong Chen. Anticancer bioactive peptide potentiates cisplatin chemotherapy efficacy to improve the quality of life in xenografted nude mice bearing human gastric cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2056. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2056
Author's reply to Phillips and Brugts
Authors: C. R. Dormuth
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Phillips was worried about our use of the words “dose” and “potency.”1 2 Our categorisation of daily statin dose was similar to one from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials that quantified the effects of statins on serum low density lipoproteins.3 The figure in our article mistakenly used “dose” instead of “potency” as column headings and we regret this inconsistency of terminology. We agree with Phillips’s assertion that correlation does not equate …
Himidification of dry inspired gases
Authors: J.E. Boys, E.L. Marucs, G. Lewinsohn, R. Fudin, J. Prego, M. Schwartz, A. Shostak, J. Jaichenko, L. Gotloib, A. Davenport, S. Vadstrup, T.F. Pedersen, L. Weywadt, J. Wandrup, C. Guerin, J.L. Billard, J. Jaubert, F. Berthoux, H. B�hrer, F. Fleischer
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1989)
RELAPSES IN LUPUS VULGARIS, AND THEIR TREATMENT WITH CONCENTRATED CARBON-ARC LIGHT* (FINSEN)
Authors: K. A. HEIBERG, SVEND LOMHOLT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1924)

Journal Article RELAPSES IN LUPUS VULGARIS, AND THEIR TREATMENT WITH CONCENTRATED CARBON‐ARC LIGHT (FINSEN) Get access K. A. HEIBERG, M.D., K. A. HEIBERG, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SVEND LOMHOLT, O.B.E., M.D. SVEND LOMHOLT, O.B.E., M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 36, Issue 6, 1 June 1924, Pages 245–253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1924.tb09190.x Published: 01 June 1924
Natural regulatory T cells in isolated early responders compared with dual responders with allergic asthma
Authors: Takashi Kinoshita, Adrian Baatjes, Steven G. Smith, Benny Dua, Richard Watson, Tomotaka Kawayama, Mark Larche, Gail M. Gauvreau, Paul M. O’Byrne
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
The Alfred Stengel Memorial Lecture: Recent Advances Relative to Diabetes.
Authors: Robert H. Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965The Alfred Stengel Memorial Lecture: Recent Advances Relative to Diabetes.Robert H. Williams, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert H. Williams, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1074_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecent investigations have suggested that the majority of instances of diabetes are inherited and that in the early phases of the disease there is an excess of assayable insulin in the plasma, but a decreased effectiveness, which is attributed to counter-insulin factors. One of these consists of the synalbumin factor, which may compete with insulin for its binding sites. There is an increase of this material even in the prediabetic phase and especially in overt diabetes. Somatotropin, catecholamines, glucosteroids, glucagon, and other hormones greatly influence insulin secretion and actions. The liver apparently plays an important role in the complexing of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Seattle, Washington PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1074-1074KeywordsBlood plasmaCatecholaminesGlucagonHormonesInsulin secretionInsulin-like growth factorsLiver Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Association Between a Sequence Variant in the IL-4 Gene Promoter and FEV<sub>1</sub> in Asthma
Authors: ESTEBAN G. BURCHARD, EDWIN K. SILVERMAN, LANNY J. ROSENWASSER, LARRY BORISH, CHANDRI YANDAVA, ANTHONY PILLARI, SCOTT T. WEISS, JEFFREY HASDAY, CRAIG M. LILLY, JEAN G. FORD, JEFFREY M. DRAZEN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Recent family-based studies have revealed evidence for linkage of human chromosome 5q31 to the diagnosis of asthma, elevated serum IgE levels, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Among the candidate genes in this region is the gene encoding for human interleukin-4 (IL-4). We reasoned that this gene could also serve as a candidate gene with respect to asthma severity as indicated by the FEV1 measured when bronchodilator treatment was withheld. To test this hypothesis, we examined a large population of patients with asthma (ascertained without respect to genetic characteristics), for associations between a genetic variant in the IL-4 promoter region (C-589T) and asthma severity, as indicated by FEV1. We used amplification by the polymerase chain reaction followed by BsmF1 restriction digestion to assign genotypes at the IL-4 promoter C-589T locus. We compared genotypes at this locus in 772 Caucasian and African American patients with asthma of varying severity, and we used multiple regression analysis to relate genotypic findings to FEV1. Among white individuals, the homozygous presence of the C-589T IL-4 promoter genotype (TT) was associated with a FEV1 below 50% of predicted (p = 0.013; OR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.90). Subjects with the TT genotype had mean FEV1 (% predicted) values 4.5% lower than those of subjects with the wild-type (CC) genotype at this locus. FEV1 values of white patients with a CC or CT genotype were broadly distributed, whereas the TT genotype was associated with a narrow distribution of low FEV1 values. The frequency of the T allele was significantly greater (p = 1 × 10− 23) among African American asthmatics (0.544) than among white asthmatics (0.183). These data provide the first evidence associating FEV1 in patients with asthma and genetic determinants at any locus. Our data are consistent with the idea that the FEV1 in asthma is the result of multiple factors; one of these factors is the genotype at the IL-4 C-589T locus. This locus is associated with a small but significant decrement in pulmonary function among white asthmatic subjects.
A Case of Cervical Rib: Obliteration of the Arteries of the Right Arm: Gangrene of a Portion of Several Fingers: Excision of the Rib
Authors: T. E. Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1901)

THE subject of the present communication is a case of arterial thrombosis affecting the vessels of the right arm, and its chief interest lies, not in its effects, but in speculation as to its cause.History.-The patient, a farm labourer, aged 32, was in good health until May, 2899.He has never had syphilis nor is he an alcoholic.His symptom was the occurrence of attacks of pallor and numbness thefingers of his right hand when he got up in the mornings.At flrst the finger was alone affected, but lie afterwards noticed it in all the fingers.He suffered from no pain.Early in July his right hand became weak.The weakness passed off after a few days, but the attacks anamia and numbness, which had ceased during June, reappeared.Now efforts at working induced symptoms.Near the end of July the hand came red, swollen, cold, and painful.The pain was worse at night and he used to sleep in a chair because he had thus less pain than when lying down.The pulse at the wrist ceased to be palpable in probably latter part of July.Anamnesis.-Headmitted to the Adelaide Hospital on August 22nd, I899.His right hand was then slightly swollen but did not pit on pres- sure.The lower third of the forearm and the hand were dusky red deadly cold.There was what looked like a whitlow on the inde4 finger.No pulse could be felt at the wrist, nor was any pulsation felt in the * A very faint pulse was occasionally felt at the wrist, but it never approached in streDgtll that of the opposite arm.
The Methemoglobin Reduction Test for Primaquine-Type Sensitivity of Erythrocytes
Authors: George J. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE in medicine of the inherited susceptibility to hemolysis, known as primaquine-type sensitivity or erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, has been summarized by Kellermeyer et al., in this issue ofTHE JOURNAL. Several laboratory methods have been devised for the identification of this primaquine-type sensitivity of red blood cells. The Methemoglobin Reduction Test developed by Brewer et al. has several advantages over previous tests. It is simple and inexpensive to perform; it clearly separates individuals with normal erythrocytes from those with full susceptibility to hemolysis; and it allows semiquantitative evaluation of intermediate susceptibility. The following simplification of the Methemoglobin Reduction Test increases its value and practicability for use in diagnosis. Certain steps used in the original method have been omitted or modified in order to increase the versatility of the procedure, e.g., the preparation of the incubation tubes in advance. The end-point is determined visually by gross inspection.
Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: ROBIN H. KINSLEY, DWIGHT C. MCGOON, GORDON K. DANIELSON
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Two patients with corrected transposition of the great arteries and ventricular rotation are described. The ventricular rotations encountered were about the longitudinal and the anteroposterior axes, respectively. The ventricular rotation affected the plane of the ventricular septum, the inflow and outflow tracts of the ventricles, and the interrelationship of the great arteries. Surgical closure of an associated ventricular septal defect was not without its problems.
Improving Patient Function: A Randomized Trial of Functional Disability Screening
Authors: Lisa V. Rubenstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objectives: To test whether a 34-item functional status questionnaire measuring physical, psychological, and social function can be used by physicians in practice to help improve their patients' outcomes. Design: Prospective randomized trial. Setting: Community internal medicine practices. Patients: Five hundred and ten continuing patients with functional disabilities who saw their physicians at least four times a year. Physicians: Seventy-six UCLA clinical volunteer faculty who are internists in community office practices. Interventions: Physicians and their patients were randomly assigned to the experimental or the control group. Experimental group physicians attended a 2-hour multimedia educational session and received four functional status reports on each of their study patients over a 1-year period. Control group physicians received no education and no functional status feedback. Control group and experimental group patients were tested for functional status with the functional status questionnaire every 4 months for 1 year. Both groups also completed monthly diaries that measured use of health services. Experimental group physicians answered an anonymous evaluation questionnaire at 6 months after study entry. Measurements and Main Results: Forty-three percent of experimental group physicians reported that they had used the functional status questionnaire to change therapy. Ninety-five percent reported that it was useful and accurate. Patient diaries did not show any difference between experimental group patients and control group patients in number of medications used, visits to physicians or other health professionals, equipment purchased, diet, or exercise programs. There were no significant differences between experimental and control group patients at exit from the study on any functional status or health outcome measure. Conclusion: A more powerful intervention than a 2-hour educational session and the regular provision of functional status information is needed to help office-based internists improve patient outcomes.
Schizophrenia from a neural circuitry perspective: advancing toward rational pharmacological therapies
Authors: David A. Lewis, Robert A. Sweet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Schizophrenia is a severe disorder that disrupts the function of multiple brain systems, resulting in impaired social and occupational functioning. The etiology and pathogenesis of schizophrenia appear to involve the interplay of a potentially large number of genetic liabilities and adverse environmental events that disrupt brain developmental pathways. In this Review, we discuss a strategy for determining how particular common and core clinical features of the illness are associated with pathophysiology in certain circuits of the cerebral cortex. The identification of molecular alterations in these circuits is providing critical insights for the rational development of new therapeutic interventions.
Clinical governance in primary care: Organisational development for clinical governance
Authors: J. Huntington
Journal: BMJ (2000)

This is the third in a series of five articles 

Underpinning contemporary theories of quality improvement is the axiom that poor individual performance usually reflects wider “system failure” or the absence of an organisation-wide system of quality assurance.1 In healthcare organisations, critical incidents can lead to death, disability, or permanent discomfort. This, together with clinicians' tendency to protect their individual autonomy and reputation, can promote a culture of blame and secrecy that inhibits the organisational learning necessary to prevent such incidents in future.

Introducing clinical governance to primary care, the government stated that it “must be seen as a systematic approach to quality assurance and improvement within a health organisation … Above all clinical governance is about changing organisational culture … away from a culture of blame to one of learning so that quality infuses all aspects of the organisation's work.”2 This paper seeks to identify the contribution of organisational development to the effective establishment of clinical governance.

#### Summary points

Organisational development is a field of applied behavioural science focused on managing change and improving effectiveness in organisations

Four aspects of organisational development are particularly important: cultural change, the development of technical skills, structural change, and the development of effective leadership

Developing the necessary culture for clinical governance will be difficult given the variability of general practices and practitioners

An agenda of control and risk management could jeopardise the inventiveness and innovation that secures continuous improvement

The idea of organisation-wide quality improvement poses challenges in a primary care setting. Much care is still provided by relatively isolated professionals based in small practices, which are not typically thought of as “organisations.” Newly formed primary care groups and trusts are easier to conceptualise as organisations, but many have yet to develop the sense of cohesion and “organisational belonging” among …
Impact of New Methods of Treatment in a Provincial Mental Hospital
Authors: D. Sherret
Journal: BMJ (1958)

<b>Background:</b> Reference equations (RefEq) are necessary to assess whether obtained values for lung volumes are in&nbsp;the range of normal and are required in the diagnosis of restrictive impairment (TLC&lt;LLN). Our aim was to identify if the recently published, all-age RefEq by the Global Lung Function Initiative (2021 GLI) better reflect lung function within a European general population than previously used RefEq. <b>Methods:</b> 4367 healthy, asymptomatic never-smokers (56% female, aged 6-80 yrs) from the single-centered Austrian LEAD study with body&nbsp;box&nbsp;testing (JAEGER; BT-MasterScopeBody©) were analysed. Mean z-scores were calculated by using the 2021 GLI and the 1993 ECSC (&gt;18 yrs) and 1977 Zapletal RefEq (&lt;18 yrs). Distribution of z-scores and the %&lt; lower limit of normal (LLN) and &gt; upper limit of normal (ULN) were analysed. <b>Results:</b> The 2021 GLI RefEq showed a better fit for static lung volumes compared to the previous RefEq in terms of distribution of the expected 5%&lt;LLN and &gt;ULN in a healthy population (Table1). However, TLC &lt;LLN by 2021 GLI was lower than the expected 5% for males (1,4%) and females (0,4%). This was also found for residual volume; functional residual capacity and inspiratory capacity. <b>Conclusion:</b> The 2021 GLI RefEq&nbsp;showed better fit for static lung volumes compared to previous RefEq&nbsp;in a European&nbsp;population. However, 2021 GLI may underestimate the prevalence of restrictive impairment.
The Mucosal Lesion of the Proximal Small Intestine in Acute Infectious Nonbacterial Gastroenteritis
Authors: David S. Schreiber, Neil R. Blacklow, Jerry S. Trier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The pathogenesis of acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis, a common illness, is uncertain. Indeed, the morphology of the mucosa of the small intestine in this disease has not been described. Fifteen volunteers with normal base-line intestinal biopsies ingested orally stool filtrate containing Norwalk agent. Twelve acquired clinical gastroenteritis and abnormal intestinal histology with mucosal inflammation, absorptive cell abnormalities, villous shortening, crypt hypertrophy and increased epithelial-cell mitoses. Abnormal mucosal histologic findings persisted for at least four days after clinical symptoms cleared. Biopsies six to eight weeks after illness were normal. In one of three asymptomatic volunteers a typical mucosal lesion developed; biopsies in the other two remained normal. These findings indicate that a characteristic intestinal lesion accompanies acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis, is demonstrable a few hours before clinical illness, can occur in asymptomatic infected persons, persists for at least four days after disappearance of clinical symptoms and eventually reverts to normal. (N Engl J Med 288:1318–1323, 1973)
A Manual of Diseases of the Nose, Throat and Ear.
Authors: Edward Baldwin Gleason
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Secondary bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: A retrospective study of clinical and analytical characteristics, diagnosis and management
Authors: Germán Soriano, José Castellote, Cristina Álvarez, Anna Girbau, Jordi Gordillo, Carme Baliellas, Meritxell Casas, Carles Pons, Eva María Román, Sandra Maisterra, Xavier Xiol, Carlos Guarner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)