tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for the Care of Patients Hospitalized with Viral Hepatitis
Authors: MARTIN S. FAVERO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

For years patients hospitalized with viral hepatitis have been placed in two categories of isolation—enteric precautions and blood precautions. This strategy was based on the inability to differentiate between hepatitis A and B and on the assumption that feces and blood from patients with either type might be infective. It is now known that patients with hepatitis A do not pose a problem of disease transmission through direct contact with blood, and although blood of patients with hepatitis B may be infective, the virus is not transmitted via feces. The enteric route is the principal mode of transmission for hepatitis A, but maximal levels of hepatitis A virus excretion occur before the onset of jaundice. Non-A, non-B hepatitis is similar epidemiologically to hepatitis B. Thus, the major thrust for caring for patients hospitalized with viral hepatitis is toward blood precautions; the same precautions used when handling feces, urine, and excretions from all other hospitalized patients are appropriate for patients admitted with a diagnosis of hepatitis A.
From tsar to godfather via the cardiovascular framework
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

What really makes a difference when it comes to improving outcomes in the NHS? Certainly not wholesale dismantling of systems and processes that are working well or pitting groups of professionals against each other and inviting commercial providers to pitch for services to reduce costs, argues Roger Boyle.

He retired last week after 11 years as England’s national director for heart disease and stroke, because he disagrees so strongly with the coalition government’s plans for the NHS.

“No reorganisation ever saved anybody’s life. The thing that remains the same, year after year and reorganisation after reorganisation, is the clinician, the patient, and the disease, all in a room together. Everything else is secondary to that.

“Whether this is in primary, secondary, or tertiary care, it is this relationship—and how it is dealt with—that is absolutely crucial.”

Professor Boyle acknowledges that NHS care must be cost effective, but he considers that the complete dismantling of NHS structures is unnecessary and won’t help improve efficiency. “I get fed up with people decrying the NHS. We vie with the Netherlands and Scandinavia for having some of the best quality health services in systematic comparisons.

“In terms of value for money, we always come out as being the most efficient, with some of the …
A Case of Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia Demonstrated by Bone Scan Using 99mTc-Stannous Polyphosphate
Authors: EDWARD WAGMAN, EDMOND HSIEH, AARON SCHWINGER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

*From the Department of Laboratories, Bergen Pines County Hospital, Paramus, New Jersey †From the Department of Radiology, Bergen Pines County Hospital, Paramus, New Jersey
845 PRECLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACH-3102: A NOVEL HCV NS5A INHIBITOR WITH IMPROVED POTENCY AGAINST GENOTYPE-1A VIRUS AND VARIANTS RESISTANT TO 1ST GENERATION OF NS5A INHIBITORS
Authors: G. Yang, J. Wiles, D. Patel, Y. Zhao, J. Fabrycki, S. Weinheimer, C. Marlor, J. Rivera, Q. Wang, V. Gadhachanda, A. Hashimoto, D. Chen, G. Pais, X. Wang, M. Deshpande, K. Stauber, M. Huang, A. Phadke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Helicobacter pylori and Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma-Reply
Authors: Arvydas Vanagunas
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the interesting letter and contribution by Dr DeGerome to the accumulating observations that are defining the relationship between<i>H pylori</i>and gastric MALT lymphoma. Our report, in addition to establishing a progression from gastritis to lymphoma, suggests that<i>H pylori</i>has only an indirect role in the development of the lymphoma. At some point, the lymphoma can progress independent of<i>H pylori</i>. DeGerome's illustrative case appears to provide further evidence that<i>H pylori</i>alone is not the direct factor in the progression of the MALT lymphoma.<i>H pylori</i>is important initially, possibly by inducing an immunologic injury that lowers the threshold for the development of lymphoma in these susceptible individuals. Based on the observations of patients such as ours and DeGerome's, it is clear that merely eradicating<i>H pylori</i>does not guarantee either resolution or lack of recurrence. Therefore, we agree wholeheartedly that long-term follow-up with extensive
Abstract 3563: A highly selective Erk1/2 Inhibitor with in-vivo anti tumor potency
Authors: Irene Seipelt, Eckhard Guenther, Lars Blumenstein, Gilbert Mueller, Peter Schmidt, Babette Aicher, Michael Teifel, Matthias Gerlach
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases, Ras or B-Raf frequently manifest constitutive activation of the Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk pathway in a variety of human cancers. The mitogen activated protein kinase Erk1/2 is an important regulator of cell proliferation and was shown to be over-activated by these dysregulated or mutated upstream signals. AEZS-131 selectively inhibits Erk1/2 with an IC50 of 4 nM, blocks cellular Rsk-1 phosphorylation, modulates downstream cellular substrate activation, arrests tumor cells in G1 and inhibits the growth of multiple human tumor cell lines in the nanomolar range. We have studied the response of human cancer cells (Hct116) in in-vivo mouse xenograft experiments. AEZS-131 significantly inhibited tumor growth at daily doses of 30mg/kg. Currently, AEZS-131 is undergoing in-vivo combination experiments with PI3K inhibitors. Since pharmacological inhibition of Erk1/2 reverses Ras and Raf activation also in cells demonstrating resistancy to common Raf inhibitors like GDC-0879 and PLX4720, it appears likely to put more attention on the downstream kinase Erk1/2 as therapeutic target. Furthermore, in instances of coincident activation of the Raf and PI3K pathways, combinations of AEZS-131 and PI3K inhibitors may prove efficacious. Here we present the in-vitro and in-vivo characterisation of the first in-class Erk1/2 inhibitor showing in-vivo efficacy as single therapy agent. Early development of the Erk1/2 inhibitor AEZS-131 by Æterna Zentaris is integral part of our in-house kinase research program comprising the investigation of different compounds for single Erk1/2 inhibition, single PI3K inhibition and dual kinase inhibitions. All compounds are exclusively synthesized by our Drug Discovery Department. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3563. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3563
Evaluation of the platelet storage pool deficiency in the feline counterpart of the chediak‐higashi syndrome
Authors: K. M. Meyers, C. L. Seachord, H. Holmsen, D. J. Prieur
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract Cats with the Chediak‐Higashi (CH) syndrome have abnormal hemostasis with prolonged bleeding times and normal coagulation times. Platelet aggregation induced by serotonin, ADP, and collagen was impaired. Platelets from normal and CH cats were incubated with 14 C‐adenine and then gel‐filtered. Gel‐filtered platelets (GFP) from CH cats contained 63% of the ATP, 38% of the ADP, 100% of the Ca 2+ , and 75% of the Mg 25 of normal platelets. Serotonin could not be detected in CH platelets. Acid hydrolase and total platelet protein of CH platelets was similar to normal platelets. Gel‐filtered platelets were treated with thrombin to induce maximal secretion. Secretion of ATP, Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ was 1.9%, 12.4%, and 16% respectively of normal platelets. ADP secretion by CH platelets was not detectable. The ATP/ADP ratio in the 14 C‐labeled metabolic pool of normal platelets was similar to that of total measured nucleotide pool of CH platelets. These findings suggest that in feline CH platelets, as in platelets from CH mink and cattle, there is storage pool deficiency that is virtually complete, and the virtual absence of ADP and 5HT may in part account for the abnormal hemostasis. Aggregation of platelets from CH cats was impaired, but these platelets did aggregate to arachidonate, serotonin‐induced biphasic aggregation, and the aggregation response to ADP and collagen varied according to the amount of serotonin‐induced TxB 2 formed. These findings support a major role for arachidonate in platelet activation.
Resuscitating newborn babies.
Authors: J M Davies, S M Herber, B M Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1991)

who will have a poor outcome remains problematic before discharge.For audit and training there is a strong point to be made in favour of follow up as transurethral resection of the prostate is not free from complica- tions.4Twenty three per cent of men visit their general practitioner for complications, 33% pass clots, 10% develop temporary clot retention, and 4% have defects in urinary continence where none was present before operation.It was perhaps telling that 54% of men in the study reported by Lynch and colleagues consulted their general practitioner-a rate double that usually recorded.Not all men who are unsatisfied are referred back to hospital, as shown by a rate of poor outcome in prospective studies of 20% to 25 %5-higher than in retrospective studies, in which the definition of poor outcome depends on rereferral.A routine follow up at six or eight weeks will allow most men to be discharged; the remainder with a poor outcome, prostatic cancer, or persistent impair- ment of bladder emptying may require further investigation and follow up.Follow up is not an unacceptable burden but an important part of training and audit.
On the Value of Portfolio Diversity in Heart, Lung, and Blood Research
Authors: Zorina S. Galis, W. Keith Hoots, James P. Kiley, Michael S. Lauer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

In his widely acclaimed book “The Difference,”1 Scott Page, a Professor at the University of Michigan, described a computer modeling experiment designed to test the “Diversity Trumps Ability Theorem.” The theorem postulates that “collections of diverse individuals outperform collections of more individually capable individuals.”1 The computer model showed that diversity enhanced the ability to solve problems or make accurate predictions,2 but only when 4 conditions were met: (1) the problems were difficult, (2) all problem solvers were “smart” (but not the smartest), (3) diversity was sufficient to ensure that different problem solvers could exploit the solutions of others, and (4) the populations of problem solvers and collections of problem solvers were large.1 As all 4 of these conditions are clearly met in heart, lung, and blood (HLB) research, we were stimulated to examine the diversity of topics and mechanisms in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) portfolio.

To further support his argument for the benefits of diversity, Page cited a number of empirical examples, including cities,3 policy-making agencies, management teams, and groups of scientists.1 Other authors have cited examples supporting the importance of diversity in science: multidisciplinary interactions have repeatedly been shown to generate greater degrees of rigor, creativity, evolution of ideas, academic productivity,4 and innovation.5,6 Page argues that when faced with difficult problems, different people (or more generally different agents) can bring different “toolboxes.” Diverse toolboxes offer varying perspectives, interpretations, heuristics, and prediction models. Diversity works, both theoretically and empirically, because application of many different toolboxes reframes confusing data into eminently solvable problems and because diverse agents naturally build on each others' work.1,2

Science is one of society's most valuable diverse “toolboxes” for improving health and for serving as a sound economic investment.7 …
High rate of Ito cells activation, hepatocellular apoptosis and regeneration in transplanted liver: clues to the early appearance of cirrhosis?
Authors: G Ballardini, S Ghetti, P Groff, A Grassi, F. Lari, D. Zauli, E De Raffele, RM Temmolo, A Cavallari, FB Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Abstract 3089: Regulation of GFI proteins by Notch intracellular domains
Authors: Daniel L. Andrade, Diana Bareyan, Jason Singer, Ryan Quinton, Michael Engel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Growth factor independence (GFI)-1 and its homolog, GFI1B, are transcriptional regulators that play critical roles during hematopoiesis. GFI family proteins are characterized by near-invariant SNAG and zinc finger domains that direct transcriptional repression and DNA-binding, respectively. A linker region with limited homology and unknown function separates the conserved SNAG and zinc-finger regions. GFI proteins display distinct expression patterns within the myelo-erythroid compartment and make similarly distinct contributions to cell fate specification. GFI1 expression is necessary for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and is required for granulocytic differentiation beyond the promyelocyte stage. Enforced expression of GFI1 promotes IL-2-independent growth of hematopoietic progenitors and inhibits apoptosis. Mutations in GFI1 lead to a severe congenital neutropenia syndrome that carries an increased risk of myeloid leukemia development. GFI1B expression predominates in erythroid and megakaryocytic precursors and is required for terminal differentiation along both lineages. Moreover, elevated GFI1B expression occurs preferentially in erythroid and megakaryoblastic leukemias, and contributes to the malignant phenotype by supporting growth and preventing apoptosis. Given their complementary roles as growth and survival factors, yet distinct contributions to lineage allocation in hematopoiesis, it is essential to define how GFI family proteins are integrated into the signaling machinery governing cell fate specification. We show that both GFI1 and GFI1B interact with intracellular domains of Notch receptors. Enforced expression of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1-ICD) impairs GFI-mediated transcriptional repression. Using deletion mutagenesis, we have mapped the regions required for the N1-ICD–GFI1 interaction. Both the ankyrin repeat and transactivation domains of N1-ICD contribute binding surfaces for GFI1. In reciprocal mapping experiments, we show that N1-ICD binding to GFI1 requires a 128-amino acid motif in the divergent linker region near the zinc finger repeat elements. This region contains a high probability consensus sumoylation element that is absolutely conserved in mammalian species but not present in GFI1B. These data suggest that Notch activation may directly impact transcriptional targets regulated by GFI family proteins and expand the potential sphere of influence for Notch in hematopoietic development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3089. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3089
CLRN1 Mutations Cause Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Muhammad Imran Khan, Ferry F.J. Kersten, Maleeha Azam, Rob W.J. Collin, Alamdar Hussain, Syed Tahir-A. Shah, Jan E.E. Keunen, Hannie Kremer, Frans P.M. Cremers, Raheel Qamar, Anneke I. den Hollander
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Transient erythroblastopenia in the first year of life
Authors: Russell E. Ware, Thomas R. Kinney
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract The distinction between transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) and congenital red cell aplasia (Blackfan‐Diamond anemia) is usually possible at presentation using clinical and laboratory data. When hypoplastic anemia occurs in the first year of life, however, the distinction is more difficult. We describe 7 infants with hypoplastic anemia who illustrate this diagnostic dilemma.
Dynamics of Eosinophils in Non-IgE-mediated Gastrointestinal Food Allergies in Neonates and Infants, differences between 4 Clusters
Authors: I. Nomura, H. Morita, T. Shoda, K. Arai, N. Ito, A. Nakazawa, Y. Ohya, H. Saito, K. Matsumoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
More Work Needed to Protect Children but Promising Trend Data on Exposure to Violence
Authors: John R. Lutzker, Katelyn Guastaferro, Daniel J. Whitaker
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 2391: HPV status predicts therapy response in patients with locally advanced HNSCC receiving cetuximab-based radioimmunotherapy.
Authors: Albrecht Stenzinger, Janina Wolf, Alexandra Jensen, Volker Endris, Manfred Dietel, Wilko Weichert
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract HPV+ HNSCC show better therapy responses and improved survival when compared to HPV- HNSCC. No data exist on the prognostic value of HPV and combined HPV/EGFR status in patients with locally advanced HNSCC (LAHNSCC) treated with radiotherapy and cetuximab. The HPV status defined by p16INK4A immunohistochemistry and PCR-based chip analysis was assessed in a clinically well-characterized cohort of patients with LAHNSCC. Outcome was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Additionally, the EGFR expression levels and the effect of radioimmunotherapy in HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC cell lines were determined. 34% of the cases were p16INK4A/HPV positive. p16INK4A significantly correlated with male sex, younger patients and oropharnygeal localization and was a powerful predictor of OS (p=0.001) and PFS (p≤0.001). The HRs for HPV+ tumors were 0.17 (95%CI: 0.056-0.524, p=0.002) for OS and 0.12 (95%CI: 0.033-0.438, p=0.001) for PFS. P16INK4A correlated well with the HPV status (p≤0.001). The HPV+ UD-SCC2 cells had higher EGFR levels when compared to HPV- FaDu cells and the efficacy of combined radioimmunotherapy was stronger. This is the first study that demonstrates the prognostic value of HPV in patients with LAHNSCC receiving cetuximab-based radioimmunotherapy. Citation Format: Albrecht Stenzinger, Janina Wolf, Alexandra Jensen, Volker Endris, Manfred Dietel, Wilko Weichert. HPV status predicts therapy response in patients with locally advanced HNSCC receiving cetuximab-based radioimmunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2391. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2391
Falling death rate from prostate cancer suggests that PSA screening may be useful, study says
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

General screening with the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test may be effective in reducing the number of deaths from prostate cancer, new research indicates.

In the United States and six other countries mortality from the disease is now lower than it was before the PSA test was introduced in the late 1980s, the study says ( International Journal of Cancer doi: 10.1002/ijc.23520), indicating that PSA screening “could reduce prostate cancer mortality in the male population.”

The authors of the study, which looked at recent trends in prostate cancer mortality in 38 countries, say that only ongoing clinical trials in the US and Europe—whose results are expected over the next two years—will be able to distinguish between the contributions of screening and advances in treatment to the fall in mortality. …
Prevention of pulmonary metastasis from subcutaneous tumors by binary system-based sustained delivery of catalase
Authors: Kenji Hyoudou, Makiya Nishikawa, Mai Ikemura, Yuki Kobayashi, Adam Mendelsohn, Nobuhiko Miyazaki, Yasuhiko Tabata, Fumiyoshi Yamashita, Mitsuru Hashida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Uncrossmatched Blood for Emergency Transfusion
Authors: Dennis Goldfinger
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  The suggestion is being made that patients in need of emergency transfusion where uncrossmatched blood is to be used should receive ABO group-specific blood in preference to group O  donor blood. The stated advantage is that group O blood is not truly universal in that the plasma contains anti-A and anti-B antibodies. In addition, it is noted that the performance of ABO grouping requires very little time, and that the blood bank can provide ABO matched blood in only one or two minutes longer than it would take to provide group O blood.  While it is true that group-specific blood might be of increased benefit in this situation, it is also very likely that the attempted provision of such group-specific blood might raise the likelihood of the transfusion of ABO-incompatible blood, with a resultant hemolytic transfusion reaction. Although ABO grouping takes very little time, the possibility