tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of infection in acute pancreatitis
Authors: S W SCHMID, W UHL, H FRIESS, P MALFERTHEINER, M W BÜCHLER
Journal: Gut (1999)

The role of infection in acute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitis can be a mild, transitory illness or a severe, rapidly fatal disease.About 80% of cases of the disease are acute interstitial oedematous pancreatitis which has a low morbidity and mortality rate (<1%) and roughly 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop necrosis of pancreatic and peripancreatic tissues.The course of severe acute pancreatitis may include an early vasoactive and toxic phase, and a late period dominated by septic complications.7][8] Therefore, interest has focussed on the prophylactic administration of antibiotics.The use of antibiotic treatment is based on the rationale that reduction of pancreatic infection will decrease late morbidity and mortality.However, the beneficial eVects of antibiotic prophylaxis are still controversial.
A good pizza joint
Authors: Joanna Stephens
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The General Medical Council has identified the need to train students to relate better to patients and their problems. 20Evidence on such training is sparse, but some guiding principles seem to emerge (box 2).Box 3 lists the skills that are central to the management of chronic illnesses and could be taught in the curriculum.Many of the skills could be incorporated into the undergraduate personal and professional development theme or could form the basis of a special study module.Teaching of acute medicine could be refocused to place greater emphasis on the doctor's role in the multidisciplinary team, the role of carers, discharge planning, and liaison with primary care. 21 Some innovative courses have been developed that introduce students to patients with chronic illnesses and aim to develop skills that can be applied across a range of chronic conditions. 22Most students report appreciating the extended contact with patients and encountering real problems. 22For many, it may be the first time they have met patients whose views and attitudes on treatment and compliance may not match their own.These courses all encourage students to elicit patient's beliefs and expectations and to evaluate their responses to their patient while providing a safe environment in which to express ambivalence and uncertainty.Their success and popularity may lie in their effectiveness in closing the gap in collaborative care that we have described.Greater use of this teaching strategy could strengthen the future collaborative management of patients with chronic illnesses.
Isolation of Patients in Hospital
Authors: R. A. Shooter, F. W. O'Grady, R. E. O. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1963)

The discovery that a patient admitted to a general hospital has, or is thought to have, an infectious disease commonly results in a number of ad hoc decisions about the isolation of the patient and the subsequent cleaning of the places he occupied.Very often the Control of Infection Officer is General Recommendations Disease Actinomycosis.Ancylostomiasis Anthrax ..
Governments must act now to prevent slide into poverty and ill health after recession
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Although the health and social effects of the 2008 financial crisis will not be felt at their fullest until 2010, governments must invest now in programmes to support the poorest and most vulnerable groups in their populations and help unemployed people find jobs, participants agreed at the European Health Forum in Gastein, Austria, last week.

No country has been immune from the economic crisis, and within Europe the Baltic states, Greece, Portugal, and Spain have been particularly hard hit, said Armin Fidler, lead health policy adviser at the World Bank. “Social budgets must be defended and health and social safety nets provided to protect the poor, single parent households, refugees, migrant workers, and marginalised ethnic groups,” he said. 

It was also essential to pursue “active labour market …
Long-term follow-up of planned treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: I. Lichter
Journal: Thorax (1974)

<b>Lichter, I. (1974).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>29</b>, 32-37. <b>Long-term follow-up of planned treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax.</b> Ninety-six patients presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax have been followed for a period of five to 12 years after initial treatment. Treatment was designed to deal with the pneumothorax episode and management was planned to minimize the risk of recurrence. Patients were treated initially by intercostal tube drainage, and subsequent management depended upon the nature of the underlying disease and the behaviour of the pneumothorax. Two groups of patients were identified. Group A were young fit subjects with disease confined to the apex of the lung. Group B were older subjects with overt, often widespread pulmonary disease. In the first group of young fit patients, early wedge resection was advised for patients at greatest risk of recurrence—those who had suffered a previous pneumothorax and those in whom the leak had persisted for more than 48 hours. Limited wedge resection removes the whole of the diseased tissue, leaves normal lung uncompromised, and is uniformly successful. In the group of older patients, extensive disease precludes the use of the same safe and effective treatment. For this reason tube drainage was frequently continued for up to 14 days. Failure of treatment by tube drainage was treated by excision of bullae in those patients who were fit for thoracotomy, and by pleurodesis in the remainder. Intercostal tube drainage alone was successful in 77% of group A patients and in 52·5% of group B patients so treated. With planned management as recommended, 95% of group A and 87% of group B patients were either cured by tube drainage alone or treated definitively and lastingly during their first admission to hospital.
Isoprenaline plus phenylephrine in chronic obstructive lung disease.
Authors: N A Marsh
Journal: BMJ (1971)

which is usually in the right iliac fossa).The point is not entirely academic or his- torical in its importance but has a truly practical application even today.The authority of your editorials is such that young surgeons and others reading your statement of "Murphy's triad" may be per- suaded that the diagnosis of acute appendicitis can never be established or accepted when the patient has a normal temperature.They will then refrain from operating when operation without delay may indeed be very necessary.-Iam, etc.,
Intermittent clinical proteinuria and renal function in diabetes: evolution and the effect of glycaemic control.
Authors: J J Bending, G C Viberti, P J Watkins, H Keen
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The evolution of renal disease was studied in 12 insulin dependent diabetics selected for intermittent clinical proteinuria. After a run in period during which patients were studied three monthly for at least 12 months members of pairs of patients matched for age and duration of diabetes were allocated either to receive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion or to continue with their usual conventional insulin injection therapy (controls) and studied three monthly for a further year. Mean (SEM) plasma glucose concentration and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) value improved significantly in the insulin infusion group (glucose 10.1 (1.0) v 5.3 (0.3) mmol/l (182 (18) v 95 (5) mg/100 ml); HbA1 9.6 (0.8) v 7.6 (0.5)%; p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.005, run in v experimental periods) but not in the control group. Blood pressure was kept normal throughout. Glomerular filtration rate fell significantly in the insulin infusion and control groups throughout the study, from mean (SEM) baseline values of 114 (16) and 119 (15) ml/min/1.73 m2 to final values of 92 (15) and 95 (13) ml/min/1.73 m2 respectively (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01). The mean rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly in either group (run in v experimental periods: insulin infusion group 1.0 v 0.8 ml/min/month; controls 0.8 v 0.9 ml/min/month). Mean (SEM) plasma creatinine concentration rose slightly in the insulin infusion group only (93 (5) to 109 (11) mumol/l (1.1 (0.06) to 1.2 (0.1) mg/100 ml), 0.1 greater than p greater than 0.05; controls 94 (6) to 96 (6) mumol/l (1.1 (0.07) and 1.1 (0.07) mg/100 ml]. The urinary excretion rate of albumin varied widely and unpredictably throughout, while beta 2 microglobulin excretion remained normal and unchanged in both groups. Thus a at the stage of intermittent clinical proteinuria when albumin excretion rate is unpredictably variable (breaking through the "clinically positive" threshold only episodically) renal function, though still in the "normal" range, is already declining progressively; and the study failed to show that sustained improvement in mean glycaemia exerts a significant effect on this early deterioration of renal function.
Deployment to the Iraq War and Neuropsychological Sequelae
Authors: Patricia Boiko
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Action of Potable Waters on Lead
Authors: G. Kirker
Journal: BMJ (1890)

who has always operated since I have had charge of the case, states that he is not aware of a similar case being on record.The dropsy is now confined chiefly to the abdomen, the legs, feet, hands, and arms having become almost normal, though the thighs are distended at times.All the organs have improved in their action, but the improvement in the heart's action is the most marked.The exhibition of cactus has been continued throughout, but other drugs have been given freely as occasion has required, in order to meet the disordered condition of other organs; for instance, for a lengthened period constipation has been a very persistent symptom, refusing to yield alike to pil.hydrarg.and mist.senne co., belladonna or cascara, but latterly even this symptom has materially lessened.A fourth case was that of a young woman, about 20 years of age, who suffered from a very severe attack of rheumatic fever, when, towards the end of the fever, a loud mitral murmur de- veloped.The exhibition of cactus and alkalies resulted in re- covery so far that she has been able to resume her work.Other cases might be brought forward, but these will perhaps suffice to suggest that cactus grandiflorus offers an interesting and valuable field for research, especially in the treatment of asthenic conditions of the heart.
Terra Firma — A Journey from Migrant Farm Labor to Neurosurgery
Authors: Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Interview with Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa on immigrants and health care in the United States. (05:48)Download “You will spend the rest of your life working in the fields,” my cousin told me when I arrived in the United States in the mid-1980s. This fate indeed appeared likely: a 19-year-old illegal migrant farm worker, I had no English language skills and no dependable means of support. I had grown up in a small Mexican farming community, where I began working at my father's gas station at the age of 5. Our family was poor, and we were subject to the diseases of poverty: my earliest memory is of my infant sister's death from diarrhea when I was . . .
Judge criticises expert witness for misrepresenting research findings
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A UK judge has strongly criticised an expert witness in a personal injury case, accusing him of misusing the works of others, misrepresenting his critics, and abandoning any claim to objectivity.

Judge John Griffith Williams, recorder of Cardiff, sitting as a High Court judge, said that Peter Behan, emeritus professor of neurology at Glasgow University, “demonstrated a capacity to use his interpretation of the evidence to suit his purposes which conflicts with his duty to the court as an expert witness.”

Professor Behan was representing Christine Perry, a former post office worker who alleged that she developed multiple sclerosis as a result of falling over a mailbag at …
Gefitinib in Recurrent Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An IDEAL Trial?
Authors: David H. Johnson, Carlos L. Arteaga
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.04.001 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12748243 Gefitinib in Recurrent Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An IDEAL Trial? David H. JohnsonxDavid H. JohnsonSearch for articles by this author , Carlos L. ArteagaxCarlos L. ArteagaSearch for articles by this author Show More Division of Hematology & Oncology Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville, TN https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.04.001 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Provision of prescription drug info mandated
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activation of Toll-like receptor-2 by tumor associated matrix metalloproteinase-2 modulates dendritic cell function
Authors: Emmanuelle Godefroy, Nina Bhardwaj
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases which degrade extracellular matrix proteins and modulate cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and angiogenesis. MMP-2, a member of the gelatinase subfamily of MMPs, participates in the remodeling and
Recombinant C1 inhibitor P5/P3 variants display resistance to catalytic inactivation by stimulated neutrophils.
Authors: E Eldering, C C Huijbregts, J H Nuijens, A J Verhoeven, C E Hack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Proteolytic inactivation of serine protease inhibitors (serpins) by neutrophil elastase (HNE) is presumed to contribute to the deregulation of plasma cascade systems in septic shock. Here, we report a supplementary approach to construct serpins, in our case C1 inhibitor, that are resistant to catalytic inactivation by HNE. Instead of shifting the specificity of alpha 1-antitrypsin towards the proteases of the contact activation and complement systems, we attempted to obtain a C1 inhibitor species which resists proteolytic inactivation by HNE. 12 recombinant C1 inhibitor variants were produced with mainly conservative substitutions at the cleavage sites for HNE, 440-Ile and/or 442-Val. Three variants significantly resisted proteolytic inactivation, both by purified HNE, as well as by activated neutrophils. The increase in functional half-life in the presence of FMLP-stimulated cells was found to be 18-fold for the 440-Leu/442-Ala variant. Inhibitory function of these variants was relatively unimpaired, as examined by the formation of stable complexes with C1s, beta-Factor XIIa, kallikrein, and plasmin, and as determined by kinetic analysis. The calculated association rate constants (k(on)) were reduced twofold at most for C1s, and appeared unaffected for beta-Factor XIIa. The effect on the k(on) with kallikrein was more pronounced, ranging from a significant ninefold reduction to an unmodified rate. The results show that the reactive centre loop of C1 inhibitor can be modified towards decreased sensitivity for nontarget proteases without loss of specificity for target proteases. We conclude that this approach extends the possibilities of applying recombinant serpin variants for therapeutic use in inflammatory diseases.
Are HIV-infected patients candidates for liver transplantation?
Authors: Didier Samuel, Rainer Weber, Peter Stock, Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée, Norah Terrault
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

This forum aims to review the current situation of liver transplantation in HIV-infected patients. A few years ago, the possibility of transplantation in HIV-infected patients was considered an unrealizable dream. Several major improvements have made this therapeutic intervention possible. First, the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically modified the prognosis of HIV-infected patients. Second, the very effective prophylaxis of HBV reinfection using a combination of hyperimmune globulin anti-HBs and nucleos/tide analogues after liver transplantation has dramatically improved the prognosis of liver transplantation in HBV-infected patients.
Aspects of anthropometric and morphofunctional cardiac parameters in a lot of junior football players
Authors: V Dinu, M L Călina, L Rusu, D Enescu Bieru, A Gusti
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Introduction Physical exercises and sport activity induce myocardium and vascular tree important functional and morphologic adjustment changes, which mostly explain the aerobe performances improvement. The present work studied the anthropometric and morphofunctional cardiac parameters in 30 junior football players, with ages between 10 and 18 years, during specific training period. Methods In order to appreciate the athletes anthropometric profile, that have been measured the height, the weight, the body mass index, the thoracic perimeter and the Erismann harmony index. Was recorded the ECG for the 12 classic derivations using the HEART 112D device and also the blood pressure and the heart rate values. The parameters obtained through echocardiography using the SIEMENS Acuson CV/70 device were: the cardiac cavity diameters, the cardiac volumes, the ejection fraction and the interventricular septum dimensions. Results The results were compared with the ones of a 30 subjects control group, having the same age but not practicing any performance sports. Anthropometric measurements reveal that 32.5% of the sportsmen were underweight, 62.5% had a normal weight and the others were overweight. The thoracic diameters were moderately statistically correlated (r = 0.42) with a slight increase of left ventricle telesystolic and telediastolic volumes. The cardiac volumes were within studied age specific limits, being correlated with the presence of pulmonary regurgitation and ejection fraction (r = 0.78). Conclusions The effort practice by the professional junior football players ameliorates the anthropometric parameters, but also the morphofunctional cardiac ones.
Role of E-selectin in bleomycin induced lung fibrosis in mice
Authors: A. Azuma
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Bleomycin (BLM), a well known anti-cancer drug, often causes acute lung injury and fibrosis by mechanisms that are not well understood. It is suspected that some proteases and active oxygen species generated from inflammatory cells cause the lung injury and subsequent lung fibrosis. It was therefore hypothesised that inhibition of adhesion of inflammatory cells to the endothelium might prevent these developments. <h3>METHODS</h3> BLM (100 mg/kg) was injected into the tail veins of ICR mice to evaluate the induction of E-selectin, an adhesion molecule known to induce neutrophil attachment on endothelial cells. E-selectin mRNA induction was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the lung tissues of BLM treated and control mice were compared to evaluate neutrophil infiltration. Pathological changes in the lungs of soluble E-selectin transgenic mice (TG) and their TG negative (non-TG) littermates after BLM treatment were also compared. Serum samples of TG mice and non-TG mice were tested for their ability to block the binding of sialyl Lewis<sup>x</sup> to recombinant E-selectin in vitro. <h3>RESULTS</h3> E-selectin mRNA was maximally induced at six hours after BLM treatment in the ICR mice. The soluble form of E-selectin which can competitively inhibit the binding of sialylated antigens on inflammatory cells to E- and P-selectins on the endothelium was detected in the serum of TG mice. BLM induced lung fibrosis occurred in non-TG mice but not in TG mice. This result confirms the finding that the serum of TG mice inhibits the binding of sialyl Lewis<sup>x</sup> to E-selectin in vitro. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> E-selectin plays an essential role in BLM induced lung fibrosis through the induction of neutrophil and other inflammatory cell accumulation, and soluble E-selectin may be of use in the prophylactic treatment of lung fibrosis.