tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modulation of drug-resistant membrane and apoptosis proteins of breast cancer stem cells by targeting berberine liposomes
Authors: Xu Ma, Jia Zhou, Cheng-Xiang Zhang, Xiu-Ying Li, Nan Li, Rui-Jun Ju, Ji-Feng Shi, Meng-Ge Sun, Wei-Yu Zhao, Li-Min Mu, Yan Yan, Wan-Liang Lu
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Effects of Decabrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE-209) in Regulation of Growth and Apoptosis of Breast, Ovarian, and Cervical Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhi-Hua Li, Xiao-Yan Liu, Na Wang, Jing-Si Chen, Yan-Hong Chen, Jin-Tao Huang, Chun-Hong Su, Fukang Xie, Bin Yu, Dun-Jin Chen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), commonly used in building materials, electronics, plastics, polyurethane foams, and textiles, are health hazards found in the environment.
The Climate of the Kingdom of Burmah
Authors: D. H. Cullimore
Journal: BMJ (1885)

THEMMITISfftM DYUAL4JcOURBNAL.!'[ do* 4, 1885.course, impossible' to many to carry :out researcbes in this fashion 4'it wSU reserved to men who were in a position which allowed it.He' thought it clear that this new drug was -likely to supetsede digitalis, uot only on account of its qualities, but also because it would appear to be free from certain iunddsimble'rpro'pefties.HIe would' bc glad to getaomsi as soon as possible to use; forhis patients.-Dr. 'NonmAw KIERR (Lqndoi4), while joining in the ohorus of ap- proval, would like to, enter aoaveat:against resigning the virtues of digitalis in favour of the new drug.Treating patients in private practice was a very different matter from treating patients in hospitals.He trusted, however, that-there would soon be an ample supply of strophanthus, so that it might be tried on patients.Dr. FRASER, in reply, said that he was gratified with the manner in which his Daper had,been received.There were one or two points on which perliaps he ought to make a little explanation.In the first' place, in regard to Dr. .Dudley Buxton's questions, he had employed the substatkce in 'other cases besides those of cardiac disease, and in some of them adiuretic action had been manifested'; but he was not prepared;to go any further than to say that it was in disturbances-of the circuilationj where the blood-tension was unduly low, that strophan- thts 'wtas ~pable of producing a diuretic effect.There' was, tot so far as he knew, any other action than that upon blood-tension.As to
Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Patients With Transvenous Pacemaker or Defibrillator and Echocardiographically Detected Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Christopher V. DeSimone, Paul A. Friedman, Amit Noheria, Nikhil A. Patel, Daniel C. DeSimone, Sami Bdeir, Christopher A. Aakre, Vaibhav R. Vaidya, Joshua P. Slusser, David O. Hodge, Michael J. Ackerman, Alejandro A. Rabinstein, Samuel J. Asirvatham
Journal: Circulation (2013)

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) may permit arterial embolization of thrombi that accumulate on the leads of cardiac implantable electronic devices in the right-sided cardiac chambers. We sought to determine whether a PFO increases the risk of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with endocardial leads.We retrospectively evaluated all patients who had endocardial leads implanted between January 1, 2000, and October 25, 2010, at Mayo Clinic Rochester. Echocardiography was used to establish definite PFO and non-PFO cohorts. The primary end point of stroke/TIA consistent with a cardioembolic etiology and the secondary end point of mortality during postimplantation follow-up were compared in PFO versus non-PFO patients with the use of Cox proportional hazards models. We analyzed 6075 patients (364 with PFO) followed for a mean 4.7 ± 3.1 years. The primary end point of stroke/TIA was met in 30/364 (8.2%) PFO versus 117/5711 (2.0%) non-PFO patients (hazard ratio, 3.49; 95% confidence interval, 2.33-5.25; P<0.0001). The association of PFO with stroke/TIA remained significant after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, history of stroke/TIA, atrial fibrillation, and baseline aspirin/warfarin use (hazard ratio, 3.30; 95% confidence interval, 2.19-4.96; P<0.0001). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between PFO and non-PFO patients (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.77-1.07; P=0.25).In patients with endocardial leads, the presence of a PFO on routine echocardiography is associated with a substantially increased risk of embolic stroke/TIA. This finding suggests a role of screening for PFOs in patients who require cardiac implantable electronic devices; if a PFO is detected, PFO closure, anticoagulation, or nonvascular lead placement may be considered.
FDG PET/CT in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Gaia Grassetto, David Groheux, Maria Cristina Marzola, Elif Hindié, Adil Al-Nahhas, Domenico Rubello
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Grassetto, Gaia MD*; Groheux, David MD†; Marzola, Maria Cristina MD*; Hindié, Elif MD†; Al-Nahhas, Adil MD‡; Rubello, Domenico MD* Author Information
Talk of the devil
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2008)

For some reason that I am unable to discover, the medical profession has long attracted criticism from scribblers, litterateurs, and even bona fide authors of every stripe. The nearest I can come to an explanation of this curious fact is that most of them, the scribblers et al, were refused admission to medical school.

Ambrose Bierce was not, as far as I know, a doctor manque. He was known as Bitter Bierce because of his disillusioned attitude to human nature in most of its forms. He learnt his ironic or sarcastic style, apparently, by reading Gibbon. In 1912, at the age of 71, he went to …
Enhanced Preservation of Orthotopically Transplanted Rat Lungs by Nitroglycerin but Not Hydralazine
Authors: Yoshifumi Naka, Nepal C. Chowdhury, Hui Liao, Dilip K. Roy, Mehmet C. Oz, Robert E. Michler, David J. Pinsky
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) produced within the lungs maintains pulmonary vascular homeostatic properties, modulating leukocyte traffic, platelet aggregation, and vasomotor tone. Because reactive oxygen intermediates generated during reperfusion react rapidly with available NO, we hypothesized that the NO donor nitroglycerin (NTG) would enhance lung preservation for transplantation by improving graft blood flow and reducing graft neutrophil and platelet sequestration. By use of an orthotopic rat left lung transplant model, with ligation of the native right pulmonary artery to ensure that recipient survival and physiological measurements depend entirely on the transplanted lung, transplants were performed in 70 male Lewis rats after 6-hour 4°C preservation in Euro-Collins solution (EC) alone or EC with supplemental NTG. Compared with EC alone, supplemental NTG significantly increased pulmonary arterial flow (2.2±1.4 to 21.4±2.9 mL/min, P &lt;.01), decreased pulmonary vascular resistance (7.4±2.0 to 1.4±0.1×10 3 Woods units, P &lt;.05), improved arterial oxygenation (163±57 to 501±31 mm Hg, P &lt;.01), and enhanced recipient survival (17% to 100%, P &lt;.001). These beneficial effects of NTG were dose dependent over a range of 0.001 to 0.1 mg/mL. Although NTG caused significant pulmonary vasodilation during the harvest/flushing period, the direct-acting vasodilator hydralazine caused greater vasodilation than did NTG but was associated with poor graft function, elevated pulmonary vascular resistance, and poor recipient survival. To explore nonvasodilator protective mechanisms of NTG, graft neutrophil and platelet sequestration were studied; supplemental NTG significantly reduced both neutrophil and platelet accumulation compared with either hydralazine or EC alone. These findings suggest that vasodilation alone at the time of harvest is insufficient to protect the lungs. NTG, which produces antineutrophil and antiplatelet effects as well as harvest vasodilation, appears to be a simple and effective additive that will improve lung preservation for transplantation.
Chemorepulsion and thymocyte emigration
Authors: Jason G. Cyster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The possibility that chemorepulsion, or cell migration away from a stimulus, plays a role in the immune system is exciting from both clinical and cell-biological viewpoints. For the clinician, what could be a more satisfying way to treat a cell-mediated immune disease than local application of a chemorepellent? For the cell biologist, eukaryotic cell chemorepulsion represents a novel behavior to be explored and explained at the molecular level. Although the repulsion of neurons and their axons has emerged as an important process in patterning the nervous system (1), a physiological role for chemorepulsion in directing movement in the immune system has yet to be revealed. Therefore, any evidence that chemorepulsion regulates immunocyte migration demands close attention.
Suppression of c-Cbl Tyrosine Phosphorylation Inhibits Neointimal Formation in Balloon-Injured Rat Arteries
Authors: Zhihui Tang, Ying Wang, Yanbo Fan, Yi Zhu, Shu Chien, Nanping Wang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

c-Cbl, a ubiquitously expressed protooncogene, is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to a variety of stimuli, including growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and consequently activates signaling proteins such as phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and Akt. In the present study, we examined the role of c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation in vascular injury.Western blotting showed that the tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Cbl was increased in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries and in cultured smooth muscle cells on stimulation by PDGF-BB, followed by the activations of Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of a c-Cbl mutant that ablates the major tyrosine phosphorylation sites attenuated the Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin activation and decreased the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells in response to PDGF-BB or fibroblast growth factor. These effects could be reversed by constitutively active PI3K or Akt, suggesting that c-Cbl phosphorylation promotes the PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells through the PI3K/Akt pathways. In addition, overexpression of c-Cbl-m increased the ubiquitination of the PDGF and fibroblast growth factor receptors. Importantly, in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries, local delivery of c-Cbl-m reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin, inhibited the migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and prevented neointimal hyperplasia.Our results demonstrate a novel role of c-Cbl in vascular remodeling after injury and suggest that modulation of c-Cbl tyrosine phosphorylation may be a therapeutic approach to treat vascular neointimal hyperplasia such as restenosis after angioplasty.
Hexamethylenamin in Poliomyelitis
Authors: Robert B. Preble
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article in The Journal, September 17, has crystallized my intention to send you a suggestion in regard to the treatment of the epidemic anterior poliomyelitis. There can no longer be any question as to the nature of this disease, undoubtedly an infection localizing in the spinal canal. The well established fact that hexamethylenamin is excreted or secreted in the cerebrospinal fluid suggests its possible use in this disease. Within the past few weeks I have seen two instances of this disease, shortly after the onset of paralytic phenomena and have given large doses of urotropin (hexamethylenamin). In neither instance did the paralysis extend and both patients made good recoveries. It is superfluous to say that nothing can be concluded from such an experience, but in view of our desperate helplessness in such cases, a drug, backed as hexamethylenamin is by some experimental work, may be tried.
Expression of the chemokine N51/KC in the thymus and epidermis of transgenic mice results in marked infiltration of a single class of inflammatory cells.
Authors: S A Lira, P Zalamea, J N Heinrich, M E Fuentes, D Carrasco, A C Lewin, D S Barton, S Durham, R Bravo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Transgenic mice expressing the chemokine N51/KC in thymus, skin, and tongue showed a marked infiltration of a single class of inflammatory cells (neutrophils) in the sites of transgene expression. In the thymus, neutrophils were most numerous in the cortex and juxta-medullary regions, often forming aggregates or clusters. A similar, but less intense, neutrophilic infiltrate occurred in close proximity to the epidermal basal layer of the tongue and skin. No morphologic evidence of injury was observed in the thymus, skin, or tongue of these transgenic mice, indicating that N51/KC expression induces recruitment but not inflammatory activation of neutrophils. The lack of activation in the thymus resulted in a large senescent neutrophilic population that was phagocytosed by thymic macrophages and epithelial-reticular cells. These results indicate that N51/KC is a neutrophil chemoattractant in vivo and establish these transgenic mice as effective models to study the phenomena of recruitment and clearance of neutrophils, events that are critical for the initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response.
Molecular Markers for Early Detection of Renal Carcinoma
Authors: Steven Skates, Othon Iliopoulos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Molecular markers for renal cell carcinoma could guide early detection of localized disease in defined populations at high risk for the disease or early disease recurrence after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. In addition, sensitive and specific markers may provide surrogate end points for clinical trials of treatment and/or disease prevention. Powerful techniques of genomic and proteomic analysis of human renal carcinoma cell lines, tumor samples, and biological fluids, such as plasma and urine, obtained from patients with renal cell carcinoma, are likely to identify candidate markers. Careful selection among early candidate markers and further testing in independent patient populations are required for marker validation.
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Test: A Wide-Bore Tube Method Using Oxalated Blood And Permitting Correction of the Result to a Standard Red-Cell Volume
Authors: D. H. Collins, H. J. Gibson, J. Race, H. B. Salt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1939)

THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES tube, the reliability of which had long been proved, it was neces- sary to determine whether the results in the smaller tube were consistent with undiluted oxalated blood and whether the 5 c.c. tube gave results comparable with those given by the larger tube.To test these points the following experiments were carried out:1.The new 5 c.c. tube was first tested to ascertain the consistency of its results.Duplicate tests were made simultaneously in two 5 c.c. tubes with sixty samples of blood.The following range of differences was observed in the two tubes:No difference in 26 tests.Thus fifty-four out of sixty (90 per cent.) of the tests showed a difference of 2 per cent.or less, which figure represents approxi- mately 1 mm.linear distance in the upper part of the tube.There was no difference greater than 4 per cent.The mean difference was 0 9 per cent.These figures define the experi- mental error likely to be associated with the use of the 5 c.c. tubes.The error is very small. 2. Duplicate tests were made on each of 224 blood samples in a 5 c.c. and a 10 c.c. tube.The following range of differences was observed:No difference in 61 tests. 1 per cent.difference in 76 tests. ,,,, ,,
Doctor's Luck
Authors: Neil Nakadate
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

On Being a Doctor16 July 2002Doctor's LuckNeil Nakadate, PhDNeil Nakadate, PhDIowa State University; Ames, IA 50011-1201Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-2-200207160-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My father, Katsumi James Nakadate, who had known from the age of 4 that he would become a physician, retired from the practice of anesthesiology when he was 67. He retired from fishing a few years later, acknowledging a veteran's respect for fast-moving water and an intelligent fear of falling down one of the Oregon riverbanks where he had waved magic with a spinning rod for many years—on the Wilson, Trask, Nehalem, Nestucca, Deschutes. But he held on to his fishing vests until he was 85.A tan vest for steelhead gear, rust brown for salmon, and khaki for trout. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011-1201Corresponding Author: Neil Nakadate, PhD, Iowa State University, Ross Hall 203, Department of English, Ames, IA 50011-1201; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 July 2002Volume 137, Issue 2Page: 142KeywordsAnesthesiologyFearMotivationMouthPatient advocacyRenal failureResidencyRiversSurgeonsSurgery ePublished: 16 July 2002 Issue Published: 16 July 2002 CopyrightCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
New insights into the management of acne: An update from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Group
Authors: Diane Thiboutot, Harald Gollnick, Vincenzo Bettoli, Brigitte Dréno, Sewon Kang, James J. Leyden, Alan R. Shalita, Vicente Torres Lozada, Diane Berson, Andrew Finlay, Chee Leok Goh, María Isabel Herane, Ana Kaminsky, Raj Kubba, Alison Layton, Yoshiki Miyachi, Montserrat Perez, Jaime Piquero Martin, Marcia Ramos-e-Silva, Jo Ann See, Neil Shear, John Wolf
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
In vitro and in vivo test of PEG/PCL-based hydrogel scaffold for cell delivery application
Authors: Ji Sun Park, Dae Gyun Woo, Bo Kyung Sun, Hyung-Min Chung, Su Jin Im, You Mee Choi, Kinam Park, Kang Moo Huh, Keun-Hong Park
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2007)
The Costs of Conducting Clinical Research
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Lowell E. Schnipper, Deborah Y. Kamin, Jenifer Levinson, Allen S. Lichter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Physicians frequently receive payment for enrolling subjects onto clinical trials. Some view these payments as conflicts of interest. Others contend that these payments are necessary reimbursements for conducting clinical research. We evaluated the clinical and nonclinical hours and costs associated with conducting a mock phase III clinical research trial.We collected data from representatives of 21 clinical sites, on the numbers of hours associated with 13 activities necessary to the conduct of clinical research. The hours were based on enrolling 20 patients in a 12-month randomized placebo-controlled trial of a new chemotherapeutic agent. The outcome measures were disease progression and quality-of-life reports. These costs were evaluated for both government and pharmaceutical industry-sponsored trials.On average, 4,012 hours (range, 1,512 to 13,319 hours) were required for a government-sponsored trial, and 3,998 hours (range: 1735 to 15,699) were required for a pharmaceutical industry-sponsored trial involving 20 subjects with 17 office visits, or approximately 200 hours per subject. Thirty-two percent of the hours were devoted to nonclinical activities, such as institutional review board submission and completion of clinical reporting forms. On average, excluding overhead expenses, it cost slightly more than 6,094 dollars (range, 2,098 dollars to 19,285 dollars) per enrolled subject for an industry-sponsored trial, including 1,999 dollars devoted to nonclinical costs.Based on the results of our mock trial, the time required for nontreatment trial activities is considerable, and the associated costs are substantial.
Recruitment of doctors to non-standard grades in the NHS: analysis of job advertisements and survey of advertisers
Authors: S. Dosani
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<b>Objectives</b> To estimate the proportion of advertised non-consultant hospital posts that do not conform to nationally recognised terms and conditions of service and to investigate why these posts exist, who fills them, and what the doctors in such jobs do. <b>Design</b> Analysis of job advertisements and a cross sectional survey of advertisers. <b>Setting</b> Job advertisements in one of the leading UK publications listing hospital doctor vacancies (<i>BMJ Careers</i>). <b>Results</b> Nearly a quarter of non-consultant posts advertised in the two study periods (23% and 21%) were for non-standard grade posts. A questionnaire was sent to the medical staffing officer for each post. Of 430 questionnaires sent out 192 (45%) were returned. 98 trusts said they advertised non-standard grades because there was no more funding from the deanery for approved posts and 75 because service needs could not be met by doctors in training grades. In 132 posts (69%) the post holder would be required to do on-call work, and 50 advertisers (26%) required on-call duty for 1 in 5 or more frequently, which would conflict with the European Working Time Directive. 131 advertisers (68%) expected the posts to be filled by doctors from outside the European Economic Area. <b>Conclusions</b> Non-standard grade posts are mostly being created to meet service requirements when there is no more funding for standard training posts and are expected to be filled by doctors from overseas. Doctors in such posts can be more easily exploited and their careers hindered. The Department of Health9s annual census should include non-standard grade doctors.
Pulmonary <i>Balantidium coli</i> infection in a leukemic patient
Authors: K. Anargyrou, G.L. Petrikkos, M.T.E. Suller, A. Skiada, M.P. Siakantaris, R.T. Osuntoyinbo, G. Pangalis, G. Vaiopoulos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

A 59-year-old woman suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia developed pulmonary lesions; bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for possible systemic fungal infection. However, direct microscopic analysis revealed ciliated protozoa identified as Balantidium coli. B. coli is the only known pathogenic ciliate, and is usually associated with intestinal infection in areas associated with pig rearing. On very rare occasions the organisms may invade extra-intestinal organs, in this case the lungs of an immunocompromised patient. This case is unusual as balantidiasis is rare in Europe, the patient had no obvious contact with pigs, and there was no history of diarrhea prior to pulmonary colonization. Metronidazole was rapidly administered, and the condition improved after 24-48 hr.