tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Summary of papers and research recommendations of Working Group on Tropospheric Ozone, Health Effects Institute environmental epidemiology planning project.
Authors: I B Tager
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

This paper summarizes the themes and recommendations that emerge from the papers presented by the Working Group on Tropospheric Ozone. In terms of current knowledge, the following are considered of particular importance: a) lack of clear evidence for a human analogue of the terminal bronchiolar and proximal acinar changes observed in the lungs of ozone-exposed animals; b) lack of evidence for a connection between the acute respiratory effects of O3 and possible chronic respiratory effects; c) need to better define the characteristics of O3-susceptible individuals; d) the lack of adequate exposure assessment tools for reconstruction of lifetime O3 exposure; and e) incomplete information on the role of other ambient environmental pollutants in the facilitation of O3 effects or as a cause of effects attributed to O3 in human populations. Based on the above, several recommendations for epidemiologic research on health effects of O3 are offered. a) Studies to investigate the existence of chronic health effects of O3 are essential, particularly those that include autopsied human lung tissue and biologic and physiologic response markers. b) Studies are needed to link acute responses with chronic effects and should include joint epidemiologic and controlled-exposure assessments. c) Studies are needed to identify susceptible subgroups. Such studies should include newly emerging biologic markers of O3 exposure. d) Accurate and precise tools for chronic O3 exposure assessment need to be developed for use in retrospective and prospective studies. e) Collaborative studies between epidemiologists and laboratory investigators are needed to develop and evaluate markers of O3 exposure and to test O3 exposure models.
Third-World Interloper
Authors: J. D. Fett
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  In the article entitled Third-World Interloper, Dr Riesenberg, 1 in concluding that there are wrong ways to use resources, even in a situation of desperate need, implies that resources are being wasted at the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Haiti. I hope he does not mean that.  As former medical director of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital (from 1984 to 1986), I know that thousands are being offered some hope in a program that seeks to minister medically both in the preventive and therapeutic areas. Tremendous advances have been made on a shoestring budget.  It is not important that Haiti is no richer for [Dr Riesenberg's] visit. What is important is that the admirable effort, continuing under Dr and Mrs Larimer Mellon, goes on day in and day out. Preventive efforts continue and expand, but until they take full effect those who are acutely ill with preventable diseases must
Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause suicide?: Figures look doubtful
Authors: David Healy
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cause suicide? Risk of suicide should be assessed for whole class of antidepressantsEditor-Gunnell et al's report on suicide risk with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) raises several issues. 1 Firstly, clinicians have observed that the first weeks of treatment of severe depression with an antidepressant are accompanied by a higher risk of suicide because of a drug induced motor disinhibition that is not yet accompanied by mood improvement. 2 Secondly, the authors' finding of a trend towards a protective effect of SSRIs against suicidal thoughts (odds ratio 0.77) compared with a trend towards an increased risk of self harm (odds ratio 1.57) is paradoxical.More surprising is the heterogeneity of results among SSRIs.Why would sertraline show a protective effect for suicidal thoughts and simultaneously increase the risk of self harm?The risk difference between citalopram and its active S-enantiomere, escitalopram, is also strange.No strong biological rationale can explain such heterogeneity among drugs with the same mechanism of action.Thirdly, the authors mention that the Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency found little evidence for a risk difference between SSRIs and the other antidepressants.The two accompanying papers show that the suicidal risk seems similar for serotoninergic and tricyclic antidepressants. 3 4The risk of suicide must be assessed for the whole class of antidepressants.The next stage would be to measure the risk of suicide according to the time since starting an antidepressant.Initially, the risks are higher than the benefits.To confirm old clinical observations by evidence based methods would be interesting and useful.
Managing the anticoagulated patient with atrial fibrillation at high risk of stroke who needs coronary intervention
Authors: G. Y H Lip
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Given the common association between atrial fibrillation and coronary artery disease, more patients with atrial fibrillation are presenting with acute coronary syndromes or need percutaneous coronary intervention, with or without coronary stenting. Patients with atrial fibrillation who are at high risk of stroke benefit greatly from thromboprophylaxis with oral anticoagulants.1Dual antiplatelet treatment—aspirin plus a thienopyridine (clopidogrel or less often ticlopidine)—is needed after acute coronary syndrome to prevent recurrent cardiac ischaemia (recommended for 12 months2) or stent thrombosis (a minimum of four weeks for bare metal stents and 6-12 months for drug eluting stents after elective procedures3). But adding dual antiplatelet treatment to the regimen of someone already receiving oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention increases the risk of life threatening bleeds. For example, when warfarin is combined with aspirin in patients with peripheral vascular disease, the absolute risk of life threatening bleeding increases from 1.2% to 4% over three years (relative risk 3.41; relative risk of intracranial bleeding 15.2).4 Triple therapy with warfarin, clopidogrel, and aspirin may even increase the relative risk of a life threatening bleed around 10 fold in vulnerable patients with multiple comorbidities and risk factors for bleeding.

A fine balance is therefore needed between stroke prevention and increased risk of bleeding in high risk patients with atrial fibrillation, recurrent cardiac …
Complete response to erlotinib treatment in brain metastases from recurrent NSCLC
Authors: C S L Lai
Journal: Thorax (2005)

We report a case of a 55 year old Chinese female never smoker who presented with a 6 month history of cough in October 2002. In November 2002 she underwent a right middle lobectomy for adenocarcinoma. In June 2003 a CT scan showed recurrences in the mediastinum, pleura, and ribs. In January 2004 she completed six cycles of treatment with gemcitabine and carboplatin and the CT scan following treatment demonstrated a partial response. In June 2004 she developed breathlessness, unsteadiness, dizziness, and weakness involving the right upper limb. A CT scan showed disease recurrence in the chest with multiple …
Biogenesis of membrane-bound and secreted immunoglobulins. I. Two distinct translation products of human mu-chain, with identical N-termini and different C-termini.
Authors: J M McCune, V R Lingappa, S M Fu, G Blobel, H G Kunkel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

Structural differences between the heavy chain of membrane-bound IgM (mu m) and the heavy chain of secreted IgM (mu s) were investigated. The primary translation products of the mu-chain, free of posttranslational modifications, were synthesized in a wheat-germ cell-free system, programmed with messenger RNA derived from human lymphoblastoid cell lines positive for both membrane-bound and secreted IgM. Encoded in this sytem were two mu-chains, which shared N-terminal signal peptides and which differed both in molecular weight and in C-terminal amino acid sequence. In vivo pulse labeling of cells confirmed that, as intermediates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, these two forms expressed the same idiotype and maintained their difference in molecular weight and in C-terminal sequence. By correlation with pulse-chase kinetics and with immunofluorescence, one form of mu-chain represents mu m, and the other, mu s. Because the molecular weight difference between the two is manifest at the level of their primary translation products, these studies demonstrate that mu m is distinguished from mu s by a difference in primary structure, at least in part at the C-terminus.
Alcohol evidence and policy
Authors: Denis Colligan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

National Programme for Information Technology (NPfIT), has highlighted the lack of clinicians' engagement with this £6bn project.The advisory board represents a much needed injection of resources to NHS information technology systems, which could bring many benefits to care for patients and clinicians' working practices.The Wanless reports have emphasised the importance of information technology in the future of healthcare in the United Kingdom. 1 A national programme could avoid the problems around interoperability associated with past failures in NHS information technology systems.However, the secrecy surrounding the procurement phase of the programme has led to an increasing feeling of unease among clinician end users.Anxieties prevail about changes in working practices, usability of systems, training needs, and the possibility that political expediency will overshadow clinical needs.Aidan Halligan, the deputy chief medical officer, has been charged with ensuring clinical engagement with the programme. 2 The good news for the Department of Health comes from its survey, carried out by Medix, which shows that many doctors are enthusiastic about the potential of the national programme, with three quarters of respondents endorsing it as an important NHS priority. 3 Only 4% of respondents thought, however, that they had been adequately consulted.The recently announced new Front Line Support Academy aims to correct omissions at the leadership level.
Major degradable polycations as carriers for DNA and siRNA
Authors: Mohammad Ariful Islam, Tae‐Eun Park, Bijay Singh, Sushila Maharjan, Jannatul Firdous, Myung-Haing Cho, Sang-Kee Kang, Cheol-Heui Yun, Yun‐Jaie Choi, Chong-Su Cho
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Clinical and Serological Assessment of Children Exposed in Utero to Confirmed Maternal Rubella
Authors: C. S. Peckham
Journal: BMJ (1974)

As a result of the work of the Public Health Laboratory Service Working Party on Rubella (1970) it was possible to examine the children of 60 susceptible women who were in contact with rubella during their pregnancy and who subsequently showed serological evidence of the infection, despite immunoglobulin prophylaxis. When the children were assessed between 8 months and 4 years 8 months of age a blood sample was also taken and tested for rubella antibodies so that a retrospective diagnosis of congenital rubella infection could be made. Only 19% of children exposed to subclinical maternal rubella showed evidence of intrauterine infection compared with 53% of those born to mothers who had clinical rubella. One of the 26 children exposed to subclinical maternal infection had a rubella defect, compared with 9 of the 34 children exposed to clinical maternal rubella.
Discordant TI-201 and Tc-99m Imaging in a Patient with Thyroid Carcinoma and Hashimoto??s Disease
Authors: SEIICHIRO MORITA, MASATOSHI ISHIBASHI, TAKANOBU HIRAYAMA, TSUTOMU KUMABE, HISASHI OHTAKE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

In a case of Hashimoto's disease complicated by thyroid gland cancer, the primary site of the cancer was visualized as a cold nodule on Tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy, as a warm nodule on TI-201 early imaging, and as a hot nodule on TI-201 delayed imaging. Generally, TI-201 shows markedly diffuse accumulation in the lesions of Hashimoto's disease. The warm nodules observed on early scans suggested similar accumulation at the sites of Hashimoto's disease and thyroid cancer. The hot nodules on delayed imaging may be due to the difference in TI-201 washout time between the sites of Hashimoto's disease and thyroid cancer. There was markedly increased TI-201 accumulation in bilateral cervical metastatic lymph nodes on both early and delayed images.
UN predicts that millennium development goals will be missed by a wide margin in Africa
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The anaerobic gut fungi (AGF, phylum Neocallimastigomycota) reside in the alimentary tracts of herbivores. Multiple novel, yet-uncultured AGF taxa have recently been identified in culture-independent diversity surveys. Here, we report on the isolation and characterization of the first representative of the RH5 lineage from fecal samples of a wild blackbuck (Indian Antelope) from Sutton County, Texas, USA. The isolates displayed medium sized (2-4 mm) compact circular colonies on agar roll tubes and thin loose biofilm-like growth in liquid medium. Microscopic examination revealed monoflagellated zoospores and polycentric thalli with highly branched nucleated filamentous rhizomycelium, a growth pattern encountered in a minority of described AGF genera so far. The obtained isolates are characterized by formation of spherical vesicles at the hyphal tips from which multiple sporangia formed either directly on the spherical vesicles or at the end of sporangiophores. Phylogenetic analysis using the D1/D2 regions of the large ribosomal subunit (D/D2 LSU) and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) revealed sequence similarities of 93.5%, and 81.3%, respectively, to the closest cultured relatives (<i>Orpinomyces joyonii</i> strain D3A (D1/D2 LSU), and <i>Joblinomyces apicalis</i> strain GFH681 (ITS1). Substrate utilization experiments using the type strain (BB-3) demonstrated growth capabilities on a wide range of mono-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, including glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, lactose, cellulose, xylan, starch, and raffinose. We propose accommodating these novel isolates in a new genus and species, for which the name <i>Paucimyces polynucleatus</i> is proposed. The type species is strain BB-3.
In vivo evaluation of the two metabolic pathways of cholesterol catabolism in normal human subjects and in patients with liver disease
Authors: M. Longo, A. Crosignani, M. Zuin, P. Zermiani, M. Del Puppo, M. Galli Kienle, E. De Fabiani, D. Caruso, M. Crestani, G. Galli, M. Podda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Yoga as Therapy in Psychosomatic Medicine
Authors: John R.M. Goyeche
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

Yoga as therapy with psychosomatic disorders has been practiced for many centuries in India, and only recently has become utilized for this purpose in other countries. The yoga system evolved as a 'system of liberation' to allow man to discriminate between his ego-self and pure consciousness, and as such, its medical benefits are really 'side-effects'. Integral yoga practice, however, with which many other self-regulatory somatopsychic approaches have much in common, consists of a holistic technology which functions to restore optimal homeostatis by a variety of special techniques not found in other approaches. Clinical observations of psychosomatic patients indicate that their distorted somatopsychic functioning necessitates their practice of yoga-like therapy. A review of the clinical evidence available indicates that yoga practice has proven most effective with a wide range of psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders. The effectiveness of yoga can be partially understood in terms of neurophysiological theory.
Our Mexican Confreres.
Authors: Albert S. Gihon
Journal: JAMA (1896)

New York, June 2, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In common with every reputable medical man in this country, I can only regret that Dr. David Cerna has felt it incumbent upon him, in your issue of May 30, to reply to certain unfounded reflections upon the medical profession of Mexico. Statements, such as those he seeks to confute, might better have been left unnoticed, the very refutation giving them an undeserved publicity. The creditable appearance of the Mexican members of the First Pan-American Medical Congress, convened at Washington in September, 1893, their dignified demeanor, the admirable papers they contributed to the transactions, their intelligent participation in the discussions in the several sections, and their interested and zealous attention to their duties as committeemen, etc., were matters of commendatory comment by their colleagues in the Congress from other American nationalities, who were appointed with them for the first time. To the
Cell surface clustering of heparan sulfate proteoglycans by amphipathic cell-penetrating peptides does not contribute to uptake
Authors: Wouter P.R. Verdurmen, Rike Wallbrecher, Samuel Schmidt, Jos Eilander, Petra Bovee-Geurts, Susanne Fanghänel, Jochen Bürck, Parvesh Wadhwani, Anne S. Ulrich, Roland Brock
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Abstract 314: Effect of dietary carbohydrates and exercise on prostate cancer progression in LNCaP xenograft model.
Authors: Xiangfeng Ge, Natalie Venier, Neil Fleshner, Laurence Klotz, Vasundara Venkateswaran
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of death among North American men. There are many risk factors for PCa, dietary as well as physical activity play a role in the development and progression of the disease. Our lab has previously reported that increased intake of dietary carbohydrates was associated with increased tumor growth and activation of signaling pathways distal to the insulin receptor in a murine model of prostate cancer. In humans, one of the most potent stimulants for insulin production is glucose consumption and carbohydrate restriction reduces serum insulin and IGF-I levels to a greater extent than dietary fat restriction. Numerous studies have also found an inverse relationship between exercise and PCa progression. For example, a study by Barnard et al (2003) demonstrated that regular physical activity in PCa patients decreased serum insulin and IGF-I levels, and also elevated IGF binding protein I. However, the exact relationships between diet, exercise and PCa, as well as their underlying mechanisms, are unclear. Herein we aim to investigate the effect of sustained aerobic exercise on PCa tumour growth in animals placed on a high carbohydrate diet. Methods: Athymic (6 -8 week old) nude mice (n=40) were inoculated subcutaneously with 1 million LNCaP cells. Mice were fed ad libitum with a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet or a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet. Animals were randomized into four groups: HC with and without exercise, LC with and without exercise. Exercise was implemented for 5 days/week (3 x 15 mins; 2-min breaks between cycles; 2.0-10.0 m/min) using a forced exercise wheel. Exercise was performed for a period of 10 weeks. Body weights, tumour volumes, and food consumption were recorded tri-weekly. Blood samples were obtained by sephenous vein bleeding at various times during the study period. Comparisons between groups over time were performed using RANOVA Type 3 Tests of Fixed Effects. Results: There were no significant differences in animal weight and food consumption between groups. Tumour growth, wet tumour weights were not significantly different between groups. However it was very interesting to note that animals from the exercise group had a slower tumour growth rate compared to animals from the no exercise group. Citation Format: Xiangfeng Ge, Natalie Venier, Neil Fleshner, Laurence Klotz, Vasundara Venkateswaran. Effect of dietary carbohydrates and exercise on prostate cancer progression in LNCaP xenograft model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 314. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-314
[450] IMMUNE ESCAPE OF HCV BY INTERNALISATION OF CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CXCR4
Authors: K. Herzer, C.C. Schimanski, R. Boger, S. Weyer, G. Otto, S. Biesterfeld, M. Mohler, P.R. Galle, S. Kanzler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Late effects of intracoronary streptokinase on regional wall motion, ventricular aneurysm and left ventricular thrombus in myocardial infarction: Results from the Western Washington randomized trial
Authors: John R. Stratton, Sarah M. Speck, James H. Caldwell, Michael L. Stadius, Charles Maynard, Kathryn B. Davis, James L. Ritchie, J. Ward Kennedy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Mechanical Ventilation in Status Asthmaticus
Authors: LeRoy Misuraca
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

STATUS asthmaticus represents acute asthmatic pulmonary failure, remarkably fatal according to the recent literature. A review of three years' experience in a 200-bed community hospital disclosed 8 patients in status asthmaticus, all successfully managed according to the methods discussed below. Information about these patients is summarized in Table 1.Status asthmaticus results from the persistence and worsening of the rare asthmatic attack that does not resolve spontaneously or with the usual treatment. The deterioration of the patient's physical condition results from obstructed respiratory exchange. Small airways are narrowed by spasm and edema and are occluded by retained, thick, drying secretions that . . .
Abstract 2031: Regulation of glucocorticoid receptor in multiple myeloma by microRNA
Authors: Michael Tessel, Nancy L. Krett, Steven T. Rosen, Preethi Gunaratne
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Resistance to glucocorticoid-based therapies affects the treatment options of many diseases including Multiple Myeloma (MM). Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most successful treatment for MM, causing apoptosis in the malignant cells. Unfortunately, patients ultimately become resistant to this therapy and despite the application of novel therapeutics, this disease is ultimately fatal. Expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is required for response to therapy and patients who express higher levels of GR have improved survival. To examine the regulation of GR, our lab has previously established tissue culture cell lines from a myeloma patient who had been treated with GCs and become resistant to that treatment. From the initial patient isolate, we established a cell line that is sensitive to GCs (MM.1S) and two phenotypes of GC resistance (MM.1Re and MM.1RL). We hypothesize that miRNA expression in the GC resistant cells cause a decrease in GR expression. To test this hypothesis, we transfected both GC-sensitive and -resistant MM cells with a luciferase reporter construct containing the GR 3′UTR. We measured a decrease in luciferase activity in the GC resistant cells indicating that miRNAs are most likely involved in GR regulation. To identify which miRNAs may be responsible for this regulation, we used deep sequencing miRNAome analysis of the MM.1S, MM.1Re and MM.1RL cell lines. miRNAs more highly expressed in the GC-resistant cells and containing seed sequences which could target the GR 3′UTR were considered candidates. Expression of the candidate miRNAs was validated by Taqman qRT-PCR. GR regulation by candidate miRNAs was tested by transfection of MM.1S cells with miRNA mimics and the luciferase reporter expressing the GR 3′UTR. When exogenously expressed with the luciferase reporter, miR-130b is able to significantly decrease luciferase activity compared to controls as well as reducing the endogenous GR protein expression. In addition, miR-130b over expression partially blocks GC induced cell death, suggesting a role for this miRNA in the regulation of GR and in GC resistance in MM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2031.