tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Give us a break
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1994)

I met a nice woman in the park the other day. We chatted while our children played. She told me about the Saturday football club, and cub scouts, and how to make a sponge cake that didn't sink in the middle. She was a mine of information. I wanted to take notes.

She offered me a cigarette.

“No, thanks.”

“Mind if I do?”

“No. Go ahead.”

We talked some more; then she said, “Do you work?”

“Yes.”

“Full time?”

“No, it just feels like it.”

“Are you a teacher?”

“No.”

“Aerobics?”

“No.”

“Come on, what do you do?” …
Management of trauma
Authors: A D Redmond, I C Phair, P J Morrison, M V Prescott, P A Oakley, J Templeton
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR,- The impression gained by Jon Nicholl and colleagues - “that the trauma centre is showing promising results is founded on the results put out by the trauma centre itself” - is correct.1 We work in the north west midlands trauma system and believe that we have a duty to audit our work and that the results of our internal audit should not …
Leaving Gatekeeping Behind — Effects of Opening Access to Specialists for Adults in a Health Maintenance Organization
Authors: Timothy G. Ferris, Yuchiao Chang, David Blumenthal, Steven D. Pearson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Gatekeeping refers to the prior approval of referrals to specialists by a primary care physician. Although many health plans view gatekeeping as an essential tool for controlling costs and coordinating care, many patients and physicians object to it.
PD2-3-5: Pemetrexed pharmacogenomics: haplotype analyses of transport and activation/inactivation gene polymorphisms and the therapeutic outcome in non-small cell lung cancer, an NCCTG N0026 based study
Authors: Araba A. Adjei, Grace K. Dy, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, Chiaki Endo, Oreste E. Salavaggione, Julian R. Molina, Steve E. Schild, Alex A. Adjei
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Violaceous Necrotic Plaques on the Leg of an Immunosuppressed Patient
Authors: Nathan W. Rojek, Scott A. Norton
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Effects of Recombinant Apolipoprotein A-I <sub>Milano</sub> on Aortic Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
Authors: Prediman K. Shah, Jan Nilsson, Sanjay Kaul, Michael C. Fishbein, Hans Ageland, Anders Hamsten, Jan Johansson, Frederick Karpe, Bojan Cercek
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —We previously reported marked inhibitory effects of recombinant apolipoprotein (apo) A-I Milano /phospholipid complex (A-I Milano /PC) on neointimal lesions in balloon-injured iliofemoral arteries of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that apo A-I Milano /PC would inhibit aortic atherosclerosis in apo E–deficient mice. Methods and Results —Thirty-five apo E–deficient mice fed a high-cholesterol diet were included in the study. Control mice were killed at 20 (n=8) or 25 (n=7) weeks. Treated mice received 18 injections of either 40 mg/kg apo A-I Milano /PC (n=15) or PC only (n=5) intravenously every other day from 20 weeks until death at 25 weeks. Aortic atherosclerosis was identified with Sudan IV staining. Lipid and macrophage contents of the aortic sinus plaques were measured after oil-red O and Mac-1 antibody staining, respectively, and quantified with computed morphometry. In control mice, from 20 to 25 weeks, aortic atherosclerosis increased by 59% (11±1% versus 17±5% of the aortic surface, P =.002), and lipid content increased by 45% (22±8% versus 32±6% of plaque area, P =.02) without a significant change in macrophage content (10.8±2% versus 13.2±6%). Compared with 20-week-old untreated control mice, PC only–treated mice at 25 weeks demonstrated a 32% increase in aortic atherosclerosis (11±1% versus 15±4%, P =.01) and an increase in lipid content (22±8% versus 47±3%, P &lt;.0001) without a change in macrophage content (10.8±2% versus 11±2%). In comparison with 20-week-old untreated control mice, 25-week-old apo A-I Milano /PC–treated mice demonstrated no increase in aortic atherosclerosis (11±1% versus 10±4%, P =NS), a 40% reduction in lipid content (22±8% versus 13±8%, P =.01), and a 46% reduction in macrophage content (10.8±2% versus 5.8±2.9%; P =.03). Serum cholesterol levels were markedly elevated in all groups and did not change significantly with apo A-I Milano /PC or PC only. In vitro, apo A-I Milano /PC stimulated cholesterol efflux from cholesterol-loaded FU5AH hepatoma cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, whereas PC only or PC-free apo A-I Milano had no effect. Conclusions —Recombinant A-I Milano /PC prevented progression of aortic atherosclerosis and reduced lipid and macrophage content of plaques in apo E–deficient mice despite severe hypercholesterolemia. Thus, A-I Milano /PC may have a role in inhibiting progression and promoting stabilization of atherosclerosis.
Retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor alpha reprograms glucose metabolism in glutamine‐deficient hepatoma cells
Authors: Jun‐Kyu Byun, Yeon‐Kyung Choi, Yu Na Kang, Byoung Kuk Jang, Koo Jeong Kang, Yong Hyun Jeon, Ho‐Won Lee, Jae‐Han Jeon, Seung‐Hoi Koo, Won‐Il Jeong, Robert A. Harris, In‐Kyu Lee, Keun‐Gyu Park
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

The metabolism of glutamine and glucose is recognized as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer; however, targeted molecules that mediate glutamine and glucose metabolism in cancer cells have not been addressed. Here, we show that restricting the supply of glutamine in hepatoma cells, including HepG2 and Hep3B cells, markedly increased the expression of retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor alpha (RORα). Up‐regulation of RORα in glutamine‐deficient hepatoma cells resulted from an increase in the level of cellular reactive oxygen species and in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADP + /NADPH) ratio, which was consistent with a reduction in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio. Adenovirus (Ad)‐mediated overexpression of RORα (Ad‐RORα) or treatment with the RORα activator, SR1078, reduced aerobic glycolysis and down‐regulated biosynthetic pathways in hepatoma cells. Ad‐RORα and SR1078 reduced the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDK2) and inhibited the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and subsequently shifted pyruvate to complete oxidation. The RORα‐mediated decrease in PDK2 levels was caused by up‐regulation of p21, rather than p53. Furthermore, RORα inhibited hepatoma growth both in vitro and in a xenograft model in vivo . We also found that suppression of PDK2 inhibited hepatoma growth in a xenograft model. These findings mimic the altered glucose utilization and hepatoma growth caused by glutamine deprivation. Finally, tumor tissue from 187 hepatocellular carcinoma patients expressed lower levels of RORα than adjacent nontumor tissue, supporting a potential beneficial effect of RORα activation in the treatment of liver cancer. Conclusion : RORα mediates reprogramming of glucose metabolism in hepatoma cells in response to glutamine deficiency. The relationships established here between glutamine metabolism, RORα expression and signaling, and aerobic glycolysis have implications for therapeutic targeting of liver cancer metabolism. (H epatology 2015;61:953–964)
The Biochemical, Clinical, and Genetic Features of Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: JOEL MORGANROTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

The clinical and biochemical features of type III hyperlipoproteinemia are described in 49 patients from 23 to 70 years of age. An increase in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) of abnormal chemical composition was the basis for diagnosis. The untreated patients all had hypercholesterolemia and hyperglyceridemia, and, on the average, decreased concentrations of both low- and high-density lipoproteins. Seventy-four percent had xanthomas, and classic "xanthoma striata palmaris" was found in more than half. Thirty-seven percent had ischemic heart disease, detected earlier in men than in women. Twenty-seven percent had peripheral vascular disease (compared to 4% of subjects with type II hyperlipoproteinemia). Twenty-five of 35 subjects achieved normal lipid levels with dietary therapy alone. Analysis of 29 kindred showed hyperlipidemia in half of adult blood relatives; half of these had type III, the remainder usually had simple endogenous hyperglyceridemia (type IV). Only 2 of 55 children less than 20 years of age were affected, both with type IV.
Bilateral hydropneumothoraces in a patient with pulmonary rheumatoid nodules during treatment with methotrexate
Authors: N Steeghs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

hydrocephalus (fig 1).Because of the hydrocephalus, it was neurologically advisable not to perform a cerebrospinal fluid puncture.There was no indication of tuberculosis (chest x ray examination, tuberculin test, sputum culture) or any other infection.The neoplasia investigation was also negative.An anamnestic investigation showed that there was no need to use ibuprofen or sulindac.When the situation became life threatening we initiated immunosuppressive treatment with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/day), as well as intravenous steroids (100 mg) initially.The initial intravenous cortisone treatment relieved the headache symptoms.Follow up examinations for up to 1 year (every 3 months) showed remission of clinical and MRI findings with this treatment (fig 2).Stable partial remission occurred after 8 months, and oral administration of cyclophosphamide was stopped.Treatment to preserve remission was changed to azathioprine (100 mg).The prednisone dose was finally reduced to 5 mg.
Legal tactics to delay launch of generic drugs cost Europe 3bn, report says
Authors: A. Jack
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Drug companies are bracing themselves for the launch of a series of antitrust investigations in Europe after the European Commission published a highly critical report on industry practices.

The 426 page preliminary report by the commission’s Competition Directorate, which is to be followed by a final version next spring, highlights widespread legal tactics by drug companies to defend their patents. The commission says that such tactics have delayed the entry of cheaper generic drugs, at a cost of €3bn (£2.5bn; $3.8bn) since the start of the decade.

It cites instances of companies starting litigation to hold up competing products, filing multiple patent …
Treating Older Men With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mark S. Litwin, David C. Miller
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DIAGNOSIS OF TIGHT MITRAL STENOSIS
Authors: Abe Ravin
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Recent advances in the surgical treatment of mitral stenosis have made the diagnosis of tight mitral stenosis important. Evidence is accumulating that mitral commissurotomy performed in patients with tight mitral stenosis is of benefit and can be performed with a comparatively low mortality in selected cases. Patients with mild mitral stenosis and with severe mitral insufficiency or aortic valvular lesions may present somewhat similar pictures, but would not be candidates for surgical treatment until such time as operative approaches to the correction of mitral insufficiency or aortic insufficiency and stenosis have proved their worth. Although there is a tendency, at present, to limit the operation to those patients who show tight mitral stenosis without significant associated lesions, it seems possible that correction of the mitral stenosis may be of value whenever it is severe, regardless of associated lesions. The purpose of this presentation is to describe the factors that are
High content imaging in the screening of biomaterial-induced MSC behavior
Authors: H.V. Unadkat, N. Groen, J. Doorn, B. Fischer, A.M.C. Barradas, M. Hulsman, J. van de Peppel, L. Moroni, J.P. van Leeuwen, M.J.T. Reinders, C.A. van Blitterswijk, J. de Boer
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Primary care: core values Patients' priorities
Authors: J. Neuberger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This is the last in a series of six articles reflecting on the core values that will underpin the development of primary care

Series editor: Mike Pringle

How to run a 24 hour system of general practice has been a bone of contention between general practitioners and the public in recent years. 12 Doctors are loath to continue doing their own on-call work at nights and weekends. 34 Patients, however, prefer to see their own doctor or a general practitioner from their own practice, 56 where the service may be better,7 rather than a doctor from an agency that provides the on-call service. 89



This is the nub of the difference in perception between doctors and patients (and to some extent between healthcare professionals and the general public) about the quality of service they would like to see, and that difference in perception is one which needs to be taken seriously. When asked, patients express a wish to be involved in planning services and their delivery, 1011 and practices find this process worthwhile. 1112 And yet, radical changes in out of hours services have occurred without overt consultation with patients.



General practitioner service in particular, and primary care services in general, are the jewelin the NHS crown for much of the British public.13 There is no doubt …
New Analysis of Seven Ant Genomes Reveals Clues to Longer Life Spans Associated with Sociality
Authors: J. Caspermeyer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2014)

Roux et al. (2014) tried to uncover which genes could be involved in ant-specific adaptations, notably in relation to the evolution of complex social systems and division of labor. Using a combination of state-of-the-art evolutionary tools, the article examines the signatures of positive selection on a phylogeny of seven ants and compares these signatures with those detected in other insect data sets composed of 12 species of flies and 10 species of bees. This design allowed the authors to identify molecular patterns unique to ants, compared with flies and bees. Overall, they identified 24 functional categories of genes that experienced strong positive selection in the ant lineage. Among the significant categories, some were related to nervous system development, behavior, immunity, metabolism, protein translation, and degradation, but similar patterns were observed in flies and bees. Strikingly, they also found ant-specific signals of positive selection on genes with mitochondrial activity that accounted for 11 out of the 24 significant categories. Additional analyses suggested that this could be an important molecular clue that may be responsible for increased life span of queens in the ant lineage—ant queens can live up to 30 years in some species. Mitochondria are cellular power plants whose by-products are thought to be toxic and responsible for aging. “The improvement of mitochondrial activity by positive selection on ant genes might have been an important step toward the evolution of extreme lifespan that is a hallmark of this lineage,” said author Julien Roux.
Selected biochemical actions of ovarian hormones.
Authors: K S Korach
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

This review is concerned with a general discussion of the actions of ovarian hormones, including relaxin, a polypeptide hormone, and estrogens and progestogens, which are two types of steroid hormones. Particular emphasis is placed on describing the sites of action and target organ responses induced by the two steroid hormones. A detailed description of estrogen activity in reproductive tract tissue is given as an example of the intracellular mechanism of action of this steroid hormone.
Parapsychology, anomaly, and altered states of consciousness
Authors: John Palmer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Pseudoscience is not an appropriate label for parapsychology. Although the noise reduction model of extrasensory perception (ESP) is explanatory only in a limited sense, research does exist addressing the correlation between ESP and altered states of consciousness (ASCs). The term anomaly is not appropriately applied to experiences such as out of body experiences (OBEs) per se, but only to the question of their source. Research on both topics should be encouraged.
Prospects for general practice research are bright despite research assessment exercise
Authors: T. Kendrick, J. Campbell, D. Armstrong
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Medical academic staff have protested that the Higher Education Funding Councils' research assessment exercise is unjust, emphasises research at the expense of teaching, and is damaging medical schools. 1 2 The effects on particular disciplines, however, are not apparent in publications from the councils, which relate to units of assessment and institutions rather than individual departments.

To assess the effects of 1996's research assessment exercise on university departments of general practice we surveyed all 27heads of department in the United Kingdom at the end of 1997, asking …
Dr. Elizabeth Helly
Authors: Richard G. Druss
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

On Being a Doctor20 June 2000Dr. Elizabeth HellyRichard G. Druss, MDRichard G. Druss, MDNew York, NY 10128 (Druss)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I had no interest in science whatsoever until my junior year in high school, when I met Dr. Elizabeth Helly. I was the first to arrive at her physics classroom, and she was talking to herself as she erased the blackboard covered with equations, “Ach, gee, how I hate to erase my beloved math.” It was love at first sight. This ancient lady was bent, hobbled, and hunched at every connection. (It was only much later we were told that she was a refugee who had escaped the Nazis just in time and that the rest of her family had ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, NY 10128 (Druss)Corresponding Author: Richard G. Druss, MD, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 180 East End Avenue, New York, NY 10128. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 1001KeywordsChocolateEmotionsPainPhysicistsSurgeons ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Recombinant hirudin in patients with chronic, stable coronary artery disease. Safety, half-life, and effect on coagulation parameters.
Authors: P Zoldhelyi, M W Webster, V Fuster, D E Grill, D Gaspar, S J Edwards, C F Cabot, J H Chesebro
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Because the specific antithrombin hirudin prevents platelet-rich arterial thrombus and accelerates thrombolysis in a variety of animal models, it has promise as antithrombotic therapy. We therefore studied the half-life, effect on anticoagulant parameters, and safety of hirudin in patients with coronary artery disease.Thirty-eight men and 1 woman (age [mean +/- SD], 60.4 +/- 6.9 years) with angiographic coronary disease were allocated in a single-blind ascending dosage study to a 6-hour i.v. infusion of recombinant hirudin (CGP 39,393) or matching placebo. The median terminal half-life for hirudin, measured by ELISA, was 2.7, 2.3, 2.9, 3.1, and 2.0 hours for the 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg.kg-1 x h-1 groups, respectively. Activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTT) at 3, 4, and 6 hours were averaged into a plateau value. The aPTT plateau-to-baseline ratios were 1.5 +/- 0.1, 2.0 +/- 0.1, 2.3 +/- 0.1, 2.7 +/- 0.1, and 2.9 +/- 0.1, respectively, with hirudin infused at 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg.kg-1 x h-1. From 62% to 77% of the aPTT plateau value was seen within 30 minutes of starting the infusions and was directly related to dose. The aPTT-to-baseline ratios correlated well with plasma hirudin levels (r = .88), whereas poor correlation and sensitivity were observed between plasma hirudin levels and activated coagulation time (ACT)-to-baseline ratios (r = .44). Plasma levels of hirudin and ACT in seconds correlated overall well (r = .80), but considerable overlap occurred between baseline ACT and ACT at plasma hirudin concentrations < 1000 ng/mL. Prothrombin times were significantly prolonged only at a dosage of > or = 0.05 mg.kg-1 x h-1 and were 11.8 +/- 0.5 (INR = 1.0), 12.3 +/- 0.7 (INR = 1.1), 13.3 +/- 1.2 (INR = 1.4), 14.2 +/- 0.4 (INR = 1.7), and 15.8 +/- 0.9 (INR = 2.3) seconds for each respective hirudin dosage. Thrombin times were beyond range (> 600 seconds) at 6 hours in all except 2 patients who received the lowest dosage. All parameters returned to baseline between 8 and 18 hours after the infusion. Bleeding times were not significantly prolonged. No side effects occurred. No antibodies to hirudin were detected 2 weeks after the infusion.Recombinant hirudin has a terminal half-life of 2 to 3 hours. The aPTT correlates well with plasma levels of hirudin and allows close titration over a wide range of anticoagulation, while ACT and prothrombin time are relatively insensitive for monitoring hirudin administration. At anticoagulant levels effective in experimental thrombosis, a 6-hour infusion of hirudin is well tolerated and safe in a predominantly male group of patients with stable coronary atherosclerosis.