tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathological Primary Identifications and Their Effects on the Psychosomatic Economy of the Individual
Authors: S. Stephanos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1978)

The paper deals with the problem of the unstable psychosomatic economy and the patient's consequent susceptibility to psychosomatic disturbances. This goes back to a primary psychobiological defect in the sphere of his earliest identifications, which comes to the surface in emotional crisis situations. The term "Psychosomatic Phenomenon' is used to describe this basic disturbance in the patient's relationships, which can be observed in his interactions with the psychotherapist or interviewer, where it takes the form of a noticeable lack of fantasy, poor relationships and a reduced capacity for psychic experience and elaboration. The author's object-psychological approach has grown out of years of experience in the analytical treatment of hospitalized psychosomatic patients. A 'toxic environment' can be seen to have been a disturbing influence on the early development of the infant. A child whose mother herself knows no autonomy cannot develop its own fantasies through autoerotic activity and thus cannot build up a libidinal object in its inner world. The result is that such an individual is incapable of meeting the inevitable somatic disorganizations with differentiated reorganization processes and so has no defense against physical illness.
Estradiol Accelerates Reendothelialization in Mouse Carotid Artery Through Estrogen Receptor-α but Not Estrogen Receptor-β
Authors: L. Brouchet, A. Krust, S. Dupont, P. Chambon, F. Bayard, J. F. Arnal
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —The atheroprotective effect of 17β-estradiol (E 2 ) has been suggested in women and clearly demonstrated in animals through both an effect on lipid metabolism and a direct effect on the cells of the arterial wall. It has been shown, for example, that E 2 promotes endothelium-dependent relaxation and accelerates reendothelialization in rats. Similar studies have been undertaken in mice to appreciate the molecular mechanism of this process. Methods and Results —We report here a model of electric carotid injury adapted from that described by Carmeliet et al (1997) that allows us to precisely evaluate the reendothelialization process. We demonstrate that E 2 accelerates endothelial regeneration in castrated female wild-type mice. In ovariectomized transgenic mice in which either the estrogen receptor (ER)-α or ERβ gene has been disrupted, E 2 accelerated reendothelialization in female ERβ knockout mice, whereas this effect was abolished in female ERα knockout mice. Conclusions —This study demonstrates that ERα but not ERβ mediates the beneficial effect of E 2 on reendothelialization and potentially the prevention of atherosclerosis.
Abstract 3402: Up-regulation and invasive role of MUC18/MCAM in glioma sphere culture
Authors: Keiji Shimizu, Eri Ishida, Yu Kawanishi, Masakazu Tamura, Toshio Yawata
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Glioblastomas are characterized by aggressive invasion into normal brain tissues, thus limiting complete removal by surgical resection resulting in recurrence. Our identified molecule involved in glioma invasion is important for developing targeted effective therapies in the malignant glioma. Cancer stem cells are capable for self-renewing and are thought to be responsible for tumor metastasis and dissemination. However, the invasive activities of cancer stem cells have not been fully understood. To investigate a role of glioma stem cells in the tumor invasion, tumor sphere culture was established from mouse glioma RSV-M cells. The high tumorigeneity and aggressive migration of RSV-M tumor sphere were observed in intracranial transplantation. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed the enhanced expression of metastasis-related genes in RSV-M tumor sphere. Of these, MUC18/MCAM also highly expressed in tumor sphere derived from human glioma cell lines. Importantly, CD133-positive fraction of glioma sphere culture isolated from glioblastoma patients contained a cell population expressing MUC18 but CD133-negative fraction not. To examine a function of MUC18 in glioma cells, the expression or knockdown construct for the gene were introduced into human glioma cells. Over-expression of MUC18 in the glioma cells increased their invasive capacity and clonogenicity in comparison to the parent or knockdown cells. In addition, expression of some metastasis-related genes was up-regulated in MUC18-over-expressing cells. These results suggest that enhanced MUC18 expression of glioma stem cells may contribute to the aggressive invasion of this tumor. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3402. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3402
Assessing the Inoperability of Bronchial Carcinoma by Angiocardiography
Authors: B. V. Slesser, R. G. Britt, J. L. Freer
Journal: Thorax (1954)

The assessment of inoperability of bronchial carcinoma by angiocardiography has received little attention in this country, and it is the purpose of this paper to discuss the value of this investigation by analysing our results in 31 cases at Leicester Chest Unit.Since the introduction of angiocardiography by Robb and Steinberg in 1938 many authors have described its use in the differential diagnosis of lesions of the lungs and mediastinum, but it is not intended to discuss this aspect.The possibility of assessing the operability of bronchial neoplasm by angiocardiography was first suggested by Steinberg, Dotter, and Andrus (1950).Dotter and Steinberg in 1952 gave further details and results of their methods.In addition, Ander- sen, Andersen, Eltorm, Poulsen, Glistrup, and Petersen (1951) mentioned the use of this tech- nique in the assessment of operability in two cases of bronchial carcinoma and in one case of media- stinal tumour (nodal metastases from a breast carcinoma).TECHNIQUE Angiocardiography was performed in the supine position using an automatic serial changer which permitted eight films to be exposed in 10 seconds.The radiographic factors used were 75-85 kV, 300 mA, 0.1 second with a tube-film distance of 36 in.using a stationary grid.A preliminary film
Bristol inquiry reveals that inspections were inadequate
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A committee from the Royal College of Surgeons of England which visited the Bristol Royal Infirmary in July 1994 gave it a “glowing report,” the public inquiry into children's heart surgery at the hospital heard last week.

Eleanor Grey, junior counsel to the inquiry, said that the report of the college's specialist advisory committee for cardiothoracic surgery, one of the …
Bilateral Bullous Exudative Retinal Detachment Complicating Idiopathic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy during Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy
Authors: J. Donald M. Gass, Hunter Little
Journal: Ophthalmology (1995)

Purpose: To present evidence that systemic corticosteroid therapy may cause bilateral bullous serofibrinous exudative retinal detachment in some patients with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy.Background: Idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy usually causes mild, transient loss of central vision, usually in otherwise healthy men with a type A personality.A few patients have permanent visual loss because of chronic and recurrent retinal detachment.The clinical findings in these patients may lead to incorrect diagnoses and use of corticosteroid therapy.Methods: The clinical and photographic records of three patients in whom bilateral bullous serofibrinous exudative retinal detachment associated with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy developed after treatment with systemic corticosteroids were reviewed.Results: Systemic corticosteroid treatment was instituted (1) as a prophylaxis to prevent exacerbation of the disease while undergoing surgery in the fellow eye, and (2) as the result of misdiagnoses of multifocal choroiditis and retinal vasculitis (Eales disease).Two of the patients had a history of chronic recurrent retinal detachments before institution of corticosteroid treatment.In one of these patients, bilateral chronic inferior retinal detachment developed, causing peripheral retinal vascular nonperfusion, retinal neovascularization, and vitreous hemorrhage.All three patients had severe permanent visual loss in one or both eyes. Conclusion:The findings in these patients provide further evidence that systemic corticosteroid treatment may cause severe exacerbation of retinal detachment and lasting visual loss in some patients with idiopathic central serous retinopathy.Recognition of the atypical presentations of this disorder is important to avoid incorrect diagnoses and treatment.
DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI OF HUMAN AND OF DAIRY ORIGIN BY METHYLENE BLUE TOLERANCE AND FINAL ACIDITY
Authors: Roy C. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

A grouping of 138 strains of hemolytic streptococci based on differences in dye-sensitiveness and in final hydrogen-ion concentration of cultures is presented. Three groups are distinguished; (1) human parasitic strains, defined by a final pH range of 5.2 to 5.0 and by failure to reduce methylene blue (1:5000) in milk, (2) bovine strains parasitic in the udder, characterized by a final pH range of 4.5 to 4.2 and by failure to reduce methylene blue (1:5000) in milk, (3) saprophytic strains, characterized by a final pH range of 4.5 to 4.2 and by ability to reduce methylene blue. Methylene blue was bactericidal for the strains of hemolytic streptococci that fail to reduce it, but neither bacteriostatic nor bactericidal for the strains that caused its reduction.
SECTION ON NEUROLOGY AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE.
Authors: Harold N. Moyer
Journal: JAMA (1892)

The Section met in the hall of the Young Men's Christian Association, Detroit, at 3P.M., June 7, 1892, and was called to order by the chairman. In the absence of the secretary, Dr. Trowbridge, Dr. W. J. Herdman, of Ann Arbor, Mich., was elected secretary<i>pro tem</i>. 1. The first order of business was remarks by the chairman of the Section, Dr. Moyer. 2. Paper by Mr. Henry A. Chaney, with discussion. 3. Paper by Dr. Comegys, with discussion. 4. Paper by Dr. Hughes, with discussion. 5. Paper by Dr. Mills, with discussion. 6. Paper by Dr. Kiernan. 7. Paper by Dr. Chaddock, with discussion. 8. Papers by Drs. Rockwell and Fell, with joint discussion. 9. Paper by Dr. Howell, with discussion (paper not received). 10. Paper by Dr. Sanger Brown, with discussion. 11. Papers by Drs. Bremer and Lydston, with discussion. 12. Paper by Dr. Fuller. 13. Paper
Randomised phase II study of axitinib or bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel/carboplatin as first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: C. Twelves, E. Chmielowska, L. Havel, S. Popat, A. Swieboda-Sadlej, P. Sawrycki, P. Bycott, A. Ingrosso, S. Kim, J.A. Williams, C. Chen, A.J. Olszanski, P. de Besi, J.H. Schiller
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)

Efficacy and safety of first-line axitinib/paclitaxel/carboplatin versus bevacizumab/paclitaxel/carboplatin in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was evaluated.Patients with stage IIIB/IV disease stratified by adjuvant therapy and gender were randomised 1 : 1 to axitinib (5 mg twice daily) or bevacizumab [15 mg/kg every 3 weeks (Q3W)], both with paclitaxel (200 mg/m(2) Q3W)/carboplatin (AUC 6 mg min/ml Q3W).The trial was discontinued after preliminary analysis. Median progression-free survival (primary end point) for axitinib (N = 58) and bevacizumab (N = 60), respectively, was 5.7 and 6.1 months [hazard ratio (HR) 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.68-1.76; one-sided stratified P = 0.64]; median overall survival was 10.6 and 13.3 months (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.74-1.69; one-sided stratified P = 0.70). Objective response rates (95% CI) were 29.3% (18.1-42.7) and 43.3% (30.6-56.8), respectively; risk ratio 0.676 (95% CI 0.41-1.11; one-sided stratified P = 0.94). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events included neutropenia (28% versus 20%), fatigue (14% versus 7%), and hypertension (14% versus 5%). Patient-reported outcomes based on the EORTC QLQ-C30 were similar between arms.In patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC, axitinib/paclitaxel/carboplatin did not improve efficacy versus bevacizumab/paclitaxel/carboplatin, and was less well tolerated.
P22 Do obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients with normal Epworth scores comply with Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy?
Authors: R. Pagonda, B. Thangakunam, C. Mabuto, I. Basharet, B. Yung, D. Mukherjee, K. Wadsworth, J. Samuel
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Current recommendations suggest CPAP treatment in patients with OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness. The Mosaic trial showed a reduction in Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) in minimally symptomatic patients although there was no change in cardiovascular risk. However, patients with significant co-morbidities and objective evidence of severe OSA are often treated. The treatment compliance of patients with a normal ESS is not well established. We reviewed compliance with CPAP therapy in patients with OSA with an ESS &lt;10 who were started on treatment due to a variety of indications. <h3>Methods</h3> Review of CPAP compliance on the Sleep medicine database in patients diagnosed with OSA and ESS &lt;10 from July 2008 to December 2009. <h3>Results</h3> 86 patients with OSA and ESS &lt;10 were started on CPAP. Indications for CPAP included daytime somnolence, morning headache, distressing apnoeic events, diabetes mellitus with complications, significant ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accidents, COPD and renal failure. 33 patients (38%) had mild OSA, 33 (38%) had moderate OSA and 20 (24%) had severe OSA. The mean ESS in the mild, moderate and severe groups were 6.3, 5.4 and 5.5 respectively.27 patients (31%) were noncompliant. In this group, CPAP was withdrawn at 2 weeks in 23 patients and at 3 months in four patients. 59 patients (69%) continued to be on treatment and have had symptomatic improvement. Mean ESS in the compliant group decreased from 5.7±2.6 to 1.3±1.8 (p&lt;0.001) post treatment. 45 (76%) of the compliant patients had an average daily CPAP usage &gt;4 h with a mean ESS change from 5.5 to 1.1. 14 (24%) patients using CPAP &lt;4 h found symptomatic improvement with a mean ESS change from 6.3 to 2.0. Overall in the compliant group, the mean Oxygen Desaturation Index and Apnoea Hypopnoea Index decreased by 71% and 76% respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Over two-third of patients with low ESS and symptoms/significant co-morbidities were compliant with CPAP therapy. All patients had improvement in ESS on treatment. A trial of treatment in this group of patients with a low ESS appears to be worthwhile.
Bacterial Infections — A Major Cause of Death among Children in Africa
Authors: E. Kim Mulholland, Richard A. Adegbola
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

For the past 25 years, since the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has been publishing estimates of mortality among children worldwide, the international medical community has been aware of the appalling burden of early deaths among African children. Early studies indicated that, in the absence of any effective medical care, children born in a rural African village had a probability of death before the age of five years of 30 to 50 percent.1 From the outset, it was understood that many of these deaths result from the combined effect of poverty and malnutrition.2 Since 1980, mortality rates have fallen but . . .
Friedlander's Bacillus Meningitis, with Recovery
Authors: W. J. D. Eberlie
Journal: BMJ (1953)

rare in mumps in young children, though in older boys its incidence runs between 5 and 15%, averages 18% after pubefty (Wesselhoeft, 1940), and is bilateral in one-third of the cases (Brennemann, 1949).Most cases of epididymoorchitis appear between the first and the eighth day of mumps, and the acute swelling subsides in four or five days.Atrophy often follows.Morrison and Baird (1952) describe the incidence of orchitis in Bornholm disease in this country, and quote Jamieson and Prinsley (1947) as reporting it to be the commonest complication of an outbreak of the disease in Aden, and also Huss (1934) as stating that orchitis affected 50 out of 884 cases of Bornholm disease in the Swedish epidemic of 1931.Though Sabrazds (1927) states that orchitis is a frequent complication of smallpox and vaccination, it has been rare in the limited outbreaks in this country during the past 30 years.Both this author and Wesselhoeft and Pearson refer to the work of Rivers (1926Rivers ( , 1927)), who, using tissues from human varicella lesions, was able to produce inclusion bodies by injection into the testicles of monkeys.I have to thank Dr. M. F.
Macrophage–T lymphocyte relationships in man's contact allergic reactions
Authors: G. PANFILIS, B. GIANNOTTI, G. C. MANARA, L. LOMBARDO-DOMENICI, C. FERRARI, P. CAPPUGI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Seventeen biopsies from contact allergic reaction sites in sensitized patients were studied by electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Very intimate appositions of macrophages to T lymphocytes were frequently observed in the dermis at 6, 8 and 12 hours after application of the allergen. Such juxtapositions were seen less frequently after 24, 48 and 72 hours. These appositions seem to indicate that macrophages play an antigen-presenting role in human contact allergic reactions, as Langerhans cells seem to do.
Which judge? - A view from the dock
Authors: R Warren
Journal: BMJ (1994)

In a recent publication, I argued that there is a conceptual difference between artificial womb (AW) technology, capable of facilitating gestation ex utero, and neonatal intensive care, providing incubation to neonates born prematurely. One of the reasons I provided for this distinction was that the subjects of each process are different entities. The subject of the process of gestation ex utero is a unique human entity: a ‘gestateling’, rather than a fetus or a newborn preterm neonate. Nick Colgrove wrote a response to my paper, claiming that my distinction between the subject of an AW and a newborn (in intensive care) was false. He claims that I have not accounted for the proper definition of ‘birth’ and that gestatelings are not a distinct product of human reproduction. Further, Colgrove posits that even if I can successfully distinguish gestatelings from preterms, such a distinction is morally irrelevant because the entities would have the same moral status. In this paper, I address the three challenges raised and defend the claim that gestatelings are unique entities. Moreover, I argue that moral status should not be considered ipso facto determinative in the debate about AWs.
Abstract 4474: Protein-photosensitizer nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Marimar Benitez, Anna M. Molina, Kai Griebenow
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Photodynamic therapy is a treatment that uses photosensitizer drugs to produce reactive oxidative species that kill cells when exposed to light of a specific wavelength. Our research project focuses on the development of protein nanoparticles as delivery systems for photosensitizers in cancer treatments, with the objective to overcome the lack of target specificity resulting in inappropriate drug retention by non-target tissues. The main goal is to produce nanoparticles that selectively accumulate in the target tissue due to their size, are effectively internalized into the cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis and disintegrate in the reducing environment of the cell, resulting in the activation of the drug. The synthesis method has been optimized to obtain nanoparticles of the desired size that disintegrate rapidly in the intracellular space. The photosensitizer is covalently bound to prevent non-specific release, and folate has been immobilized on the nanoparticle surface. The reversible activation of the drug was confirmed by fluorescence experiments and the therapeutic efficiency of the system was evaluated in HeLa cells. The system dark toxicity and phototoxicity was evaluated in vitro, as well as the internalization, the intracellular localization, and the mechanism of cell death. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Marimar Benitez, Anna M. Molina, Kai Griebenow. Protein-photosensitizer nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4474. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4474
THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
Authors: P. I. Nixon
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Here is an early prophetic reference to the American Medical Association, found in "Physician and Patient; or, A Practical View of the Mutual Duties, Relations and Interests of the Medical Profession and the Community," by Worthington Hooker, M.D., published in 1849. The reference is found in the chapter on "Means of Removing Quackery": The sensible and influential in the community can render effectual aid in the overthrow of quackery, by promoting the strict observance of the rules of medical intercourse. These rules are not officially understood and appreciated by the public. If they were, those who have influence in society would frown down the base arts of a cunning competition, instead of encouraging them, as they now often do, and would give no countenance to the false issues, upon which empirics and dishonorable physicians so much depend for their success. For a full view of this subject
STUDIES ON THE CAPACITY OF SOME POLYSACCHARIDES TO ELICIT ANTIBODY FORMATION IN MAN
Authors: Peter Z. Allen, Elvin A. Kabat
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

Purified levan is antigenic in man and subcutaneous injection of 1 mg. leads to the production of precipitins and skin sensitivity. Apple amylopectin, maize glycogen, and synthetic polyglucose did not stimulate antibody production in small numbers of individuals injected. Quantitative precipitin studies carried out with several levan preparations employing human antilevan show variations in immunochemical behavior indicating structural differences among levans. Evidence that precipitins formed in response to levan injection are antilevan antibodies was obtained by analysis of specific precipitates formed in the region of antibody excess for ketosugar. Injection of levan giving rise to production of antilevan failed in one individual to give a non-specific anamnestic rise in either antidextran or antiblood group A precipitins. Laminarin, a neutral polysaccharide, was found to give precipitation with normal human sera.
TCT-259 The Impact of Non-Chest Pain Complaint as a Presenting Symptom on the Door-to-Balloon Time and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jin-Sup Park, Kwang Soo Cha, Hye Won Lee, Han Cheol Lee, Jun-Hyok Oh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)