tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stabilizing Group Treatment for Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Related to Child Abuse Based on Psychoeducation and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ethy Dorrepaal, Kathleen Thomaes, Johannes H. Smit, Anton J.L.M. van Balkom, Dick J. Veltman, Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn, Nel Draijer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Evidence-based treatments for complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to childhood abuse are scarce. This is the first randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of psycho-educational and cognitive behavioural stabilizing group treatment in terms of both PTSD and complex PTSD symptom severity. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Seventy-one patients with complex PTSD and severe comorbidity (e.g. 74% axis II comorbidity) were randomly assigned to either a 20-week group treatment in addition to treatment as usual or to treatment as usual only. Primary outcome measures were the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS) for PTSD and the Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) for complex PTSD symptoms. Statistical analysis was conducted in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and in the completer sample. Subjects were considered responders when scoring at 20 weeks at least 1 standard deviation below pretest findings. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The 16% attrition was relatively low. After 20 weeks, the experimental condition (large effect sizes) and control condition (medium effect sizes) both showed significant decreases on the DTS and SIDES, but differences between the conditions were not significant. The secondary responder analysis (ITT) revealed significantly more responders on the DTS (45 vs. 21%), but not on the SIDES (61 vs. 42%). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Adding psycho-educational and cognitive behavioural stabilizing group treatment for complex PTSD related to child abuse to treatment as usual showed an equivocal outcome. Patients in both conditions improved substantially during stabilizing treatment, and while significant superiority on change scores was absent, responder analysis suggested clinical meaningfulness of adding group treatment.
Reply to Mathieu Rouanne, Thierry Lebret and Henry Botto's Letter to the Editor re: Xiao-Dong Jin, Simone Roethlisberger, Fiona C. Burkhard, Frédéric Birkhaeuser, Harriet C. Thoeny, Urs E. Studer. Long-term Renal Function After Urinary Diversion by Ileal Conduit or Orthotopic Ileal Bladder Substitution. Eur Urol 2012;61:491–7
Authors: Urs E. Studer, Fiona C. Burkhard
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Pharyngeal edema caused by occupational exposure to cellulase enzyme
Authors: M. Hytönen, M. Vanhanen, H. Keskinen, T. Tuomi, O. Tupasela, H. Nordman
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Enzymes can cause allergic asthma and rhinitis. Although patients sometimes complain of symptoms in their throat, we have not been able to find any published report of pharyngeal edema caused by exposure to enzymes. We present the case of a maintenance foreman who worked in a factory producing enzymes, and who had pharyngeal edema, asthma, and rhinitis at work. Prick tests for cellulase enzyme and cellulase RAST were positive. The causal association between his pharyngeal symptoms and cellulase was demonstrated with inhalation provocation tests in an exposure chamber.
An overview of rodent toxicities: liver and kidney effects of fumonisins and Fusarium moniliforme.
Authors: K A Voss, R T Riley, W P Norred, C W Bacon, F I Meredith, P C Howard, R D Plattner, T F Collins, D K Hansen, J K Porter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Fumonisins are produced by Fusarium moniliforme F. verticillioides) and other Fusarium that grow on corn worldwide. They cause fatal toxicoses of horses and swine. Their effects in humans are unclear, but epidemiologic evidence suggests that consumption of fumonisin-contaminated corn contributes to human esophageal cancer in southern Africa and China. Much has been learned from rodent studies about fumonisin B1(FB1), the most common homologue. FB1 is poorly absorbed and rapidly eliminated in feces. Minor amounts are retained in liver and kidneys. Unlike other mycotoxins, fumonisins cause the same liver cancer promotion and subchronic (studies (3/4) 90 days) liver and kidney effects as (italic)F. moniliforme. FB 1 induces apoptosis of hepatocytes and of proximal tubule epithelial cells. More advanced lesions in both organs are characterized by simultaneous cell loss (apoptosis and necrosis) and proliferation (mitosis). Microscopic and other findings suggest that an imbalance between cell loss and replacement develops, a condition favorable for carcinogenesis. On the molecular level, fumonisins inhibit ceramide synthase, and disrupt sphingolipid metabolism and, theoretically, sphingolipid-mediated regulatory processes that influence apoptosis and mitosis. Liver sphingolipid effects and toxicity are correlated, and ceramide synthase inhibition occurs in liver and kidney at doses below their respective no-observed-effect levels. FB1 does not cross the placenta and is not teratogenic in vivoin rats, mice, or rabbits, but is embryotoxic at high, maternally toxic doses. These data have contributed to preliminary risk evaluation and to protocol development for carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity studies of FB1 in rats and mice.
BURDEN OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND POOR RATE CONTROL DETECTED BY CONTINUOUS MONITORING VIA IMPLANTED DEVICES IDENTIFIES WHEN A PATIENT IS AT RISK FOR HEART FAILURE HOSPITALIZATION
Authors: Shantanu Sarkar, Jodi Koehler, George H. Crossley, Wai Hong Wilson Tang, William T. Abraham, David J. Whellan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A simple system for references and reprints
Authors: A J Wade
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Type I IFNs induce differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs) with potent Ag-presenting capacity, termed IFN-α DCs, that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. In this study, we found that IFN-α DCs exhibit enhanced migration across the extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to chemokines CCL3 and CCL5 that recruit DCs to inflammatory sites, but not the lymphoid-homing chemokine CCL21. IFN-α DCs expressed elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which mediated increased migration across ECM. Unexpectedly, MMP-9 and its cell surface receptors CD11b and CD44 were required for enhanced CCL5-induced chemotaxis even in the absence of a matrix barrier. MMP-9, CD11b, and CD44 selectively modulated CCL5-dependent activation of JNK that was required for enhanced chemotactic responses. These results establish the migratory phenotype of IFN-α DCs and identify an important role for costimulation of chemotactic responses by synergistic activation of JNK. Thus, cell motility is regulated by integrating signaling inputs from chemokine receptors and molecules such as MMP-9, CD11b, and CD44 that also mediate cell interactions with inflammatory factors and ECM.
<i>Coyote and Alders</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence and Associations of Binge Eating Disorder in a Multiethnic Population With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Luigi F. Meneghini, Jenny Spadola, Hermes Florez
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Binge eating disorder (BED) is a syndrome characterized by recurrent uncontrollable overeating (1,2), with prevalence rates of ∼3% in the general population and 10- to 20-fold higher in patients seeking treatment for obesity (1,3). There are limited reports of BED in subjects with type 2 diabetes, particularly in minorities (4,5).

We conducted a pilot study to assess BED and its association with obesity, metabolic control, and depression in a tri-ethnic (37% Hispanic, 40% non-Hispanic white, and …
Review: Lower rather than higher tidal volume benefits ventilated patients without ARDS
Authors: Nicholas S. Hill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Serpa Neto A, Cardoso SO, Manetta JA, et al. Association between use of lung-protective ventilation with lower tidal volumes and clinical outcomes among patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2012;308:1651-9. 23093163
Doctors are promoting expansion in non-consultant career grades
Authors: M J Goodman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Effects on aspects of trainees' lives of shifts compatible with new deal.Figures are numbers (percentages) of respondents (n=758) Aspect oflife Better Worse Multinomial confidence interval for difference in proportions Teaching opportunities 50 (6 6) 503 (66.4) -0-64 to -055* Research opportunities 137 (18-1) 295 (38 9) -0-25 to -0.16* Study time for examinations 339 (44 7) 173 (22-8) 0-16 to 0-27* Fatigue while on call 472 (62 7) 96 (12-7) 0 44 to 0.54* Social and family life 198 (26-1) 397 (52-4) -0-32 to -0 30* Overall quality of life 220 (29.0) 309 (40 8) -0-16 to 0.05
Gene expression profiling of α1b-adrenergic receptor-induced cardiac hypertrophy by oligonucleotide arrays
Authors: J Yun
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Objective: Cardiac hypertrophy is closely associated with the development of cardiomyopathies that lead to heart failure. The α1B adrenergic receptor (α1-AR) is an important regulator of the hypertrophic process. Cardiac hypertrophy induced by systemic overexpression of the α1b-AR in a mouse model does not progress to heart failure. We wanted to explore potential gene expression differences that characterize this type of hypertrophy that may identify genes that prevent progression to heart failure. Methods: Transgenic and normal mice (B6CBA) representing two time points were compared; one at 2–3 months of age before disease manifests and the other at 12 months when the hypertrophy is significant. Age-matched hearts were removed, cRNA prepared and biotinylated. Aliquots of the cRNA was subjected to hybridization with Affymetrix chips representing 12 656 murine genes. Gene expression profiles were compared with normal age-matched controls as the baseline and confirmed by Northern and Western analysis. Results: The non-EST genes could be grouped into five functional classifications: embryonic, proliferative, inflammatory, cardiac-related, and apoptotic. Growth response genes involved primarily Src-related receptors and signaling pathways. Transgenic hearts also had a 60% higher Src protein content. There was an inflammatory response that was verified by an increase in IgG and κ-chained immunoglobulins by western analysis. Apoptosis may be regulated by cell cycle arrest through a p53-dependent mechanism. Cardiac gene expression was decreased for common hypertrophy-inducing proteins such as actin, collagen and GP130 pathways. Conclusions: Our results suggest a profile of gene expression in a case of atypical cardiac hypertrophy that does not progress to heart failure. Since many of these altered gene expressions have not been linked to heart failure models, our findings may provide a novel insight into the particular role that the α1BAR plays in its overall progression or regression.
Abstract 5750: Protruding Atheroma in the Thoracic Aorta Detected by Multislice Computed Tomography Can Predict the Future Vascular Events
Authors: Yoshihiro Takeda, Masaaki Hoshiga, Izumi Morinaga, Hotchi Junko, Tomohiro Fujisaka, Takahito Yuki, Fuminari Tatsugami, Jun Tanigawa, Tadashi Ishihara, Toshiaki Hanafusa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

(Purpose) Protruding atheroma in the thoracic aorta (PATA) has been reported to be associated with coronary artery disease and future embolic disease in previous studies using transesophageal echocardiography. Recently multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has been available for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease and it can also detect PATA. The clinical impact of PATA detected by MSCT has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the presence of PATA by MSCT can predict future vascular events (coronary revascularization (CR) and embolic events). (Methods) From November 2005 to March 2008, 511 consecutive patients (male 56%, age 66±11y.o.) with suspected ischemic heart disease underwent MSCT. The exclusion criteria were atrial fibrillation, renal insufficiency, or a history of CR or cardiothoracic surgery. According to the aortic plaque thickness, we divided patients into 3 groups: Group 1 (&lt;2mm, n=332), Group 2 (2– 4mm, n=146), Group 3 (&gt;4mm, PATA, n=33). (Results) Risk factors were: hypertension (68%), diabetes (41%), hypercholesterolemia (57%), and smoking (44%). During follow-up period (15.6-month median), CR was required for 68 patients (59 PCI and 9 CABG). Univariate analysis showed that the patients required for CR were of significantly higher prevalence of all the risk factors, aortic plaque (Group 2, 3) and calcification of coronary artery, aortic and mitral valve. Multivariate analysis showed that requirement of CR was independently associated with aortic plaque, smoking, or coronary calcification, and PATA revealed the highest odds (odds ratio 7.4, 95% confidence interval 3.1 to 17.6) among them. Embolic events occurred in 7 patients (5 brain, 1 bowel, and 1 kidney and lower extremity) during follow-up period. By univariate analysis, only smoking and PATA revealed significantly higher prevalence in patients with embolic events (p=0.02 and&lt;.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that PATA was an independent predictor for future embolic events (odds ratio 10.7, 95% confidence interval 1.6 to 70.4). (Conclusions) PATA detected by MSCT can predict future vascular events. We should be aware of the presence of PATA by MSCT as a risk for the future cardiovascular events.
THE STRUCTURE OF PRIVATE PRACTICE IN PSYCHIATRY
Authors: HENRY A. DAVIDSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1956)

1. Private practice of psychiatry on this continent is, in fact, a combination of two quite different types of practice. On the one hand, about one-fourth of such practitioners are substantially pure psychotherapists. They do not willingly make calls, testify in court, sign commitment papers, perform electronic therapies, do significant physical examinations, write many prescriptions, or show professional courtesy to other physicians. This group does not meet the traditional criteria of the practice of medicine, their activities being more akin to the work of clinical psychologists doing psychotherapy. The larger group, representing about 75% of the psychiatrists, has a more medical orientation. Generalizations about the practice of psychiatry are misleading unless the type of practice is specified. 2. The present high level of prosperity conceals a curious economic paradox. The private practitioner of psychiatry cannot afford to work for what the average patient can afford to pay. This is because psychiatric therapy requires so much of the practitioner's time. In the long run, the future of private practice psychiatry will probably depend on how this economic challenge is met.
FRACTURE OF THE FOREARM COMPLICATED WITH DISLOCATION.
Authors: E. GRISWOLD
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The mechanism of the human hand, with its great variety of movements and its marvelous adaptability to the purposes for which it is intended, furnishes a strong evidence against the doctrine of those who have doubt as to the origin of man. The best productions of artificial hands, by the highest development of human art yet made, have fallen far short of the natural member, in a mechanical sense, and it is only in that sense that any artificial approximation can be made. The vital principle, emanating from the brain and spine is necessary to the perfection of this organ, and as much as the man, the mechanician or the artist resembles his Creator, he is still unable to control that vital principle, as against natural physiologic activities, and these activities are maintained by the forearm, which may be said to be the dynamo of the hand, and whenever from
The Cardiovascular Patho Physiology Of Sepsis
Authors: J. Parrillo
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1989)

CD40 is a cell-surface member of the TNF (tumor necrosis factor) receptor superfamily. Upon activation, CD40 can license dendritic cells to promote antitumor T cell activation and re-educate macrophages to destroy tumor stroma. Numerous agonist CD40 ...Read More
Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Lee H. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextIncidence of invasive meningococcal disease has increased recently in persons aged 15 through 24 years.ObjectiveTo characterize meningococcal infection in adolescents and young adults in Maryland during the 1990s.Design and SettingPopulation-based surveillance study for meningococcal disease from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 1999, in Maryland.PatientsMaryland residents diagnosed as having invasive meningococcal disease.Main Outcome MeasureInvasive meningococcal infection.ResultsOf 295 total cases, 71 (24.1%) occurred among persons aged 15 through 24 years. Sixteen (22.5%) of these cases were fatal. The annual incidence rate increased from 0.9 to 2.1 cases per 100 000 among 15 through 24 year olds (P = .01). The proportion of all disease increased from 16.0% to 28.9% (P = .03). The incidence and proportion of cases subsequently decreased to 1.0 and 16.4% in 1998 through 1999, respectively. Infection in 15 through 24 year olds was more likely to be fatal than infection in those younger than age 15 years (22.5% vs 4.6%; P = .001). Infection in 15 through 24 year olds, compared with those aged 25 years or older, was more likely to be associated with male sex (66.2% vs 34.8%; P<.001) and serogroup C infection (46.9% vs 20.2%; P<.001), respectively. Infections were potentially preventable with the licensed meningococcal vaccine in 82.8% of 15 through 24 year olds, 68.1% of those younger than 15 years, and 76.8% of adults aged 25 years or older.ConclusionsIncidence of meningococcal infection in 15 through 24 year olds in Maryland increased and then declined during the 1990s. Infection in this age group was associated with an unusually high case-fatality ratio, and the vast majority of cases were potentially vaccine preventable.
Endoscopic hemostasis. An effective therapy for bleeding peptic ulcers
Authors: H. S. Sacks
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We performed a meta-analysis of 25 randomized control trials that compared endoscopic hemostasis with standard therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer. For recurrent or continued bleeding, the mean rate in control patients was 0.39, and the pooled rate difference, or reduction due to therapy, was 0.27 +/- 0.15 (95% confidence interval) (69% relative reduction). For emergency surgery, the mean rate in control patients was 0.26, and the pooled rate difference was 0.16 +/- 0.05 (62% relative reduction). Most important, for overall mortality, the mean rate in control patients was 0.10, and the pooled rate difference was 0.03 +/- 0.02 (30% relative reduction). The effects were greatest in patients with spurting or visible blood vessels and equivocal when the ulcer showed only signs of recent bleeding. We conclude that endoscopic hemostasis is clearly effective but that data were insufficient for direct comparisons between modalities. Randomized control trials to compare the different modes of endoscopic therapy should continue.
Genetic Issues in Pediatric and Obstetric Practice
Authors: Theodore Kushnick
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This book is a collection of the papers presented at a conference held in San Francisco sponsored by the Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and the Institute for Pediatric Service of Johnson and Johnson Baby Products Company. The chapters were written by outstanding workers in their respective specialty areas, and, as is expected in such a collection, there is variability in the literary style and content of each presentation. There is little overlap of the material, and Dr Kaback has performed an excellent editorial service in presenting it in five sections. Section 1 on hereditary diseases and congenital defects offers a review of Mendelian inheritance, multifactorial disease, autosomal and sex chromosomal abnormalities, and some epidemiology and information on the incidence of birth defects. Section 2 is concerned with birth defects and heritable disorders in the neonate, infant, and child and includes discussions
Abstract 9444: Impaired Peroneal Nerve Function is Associated With Adverse Calf Muscle Characteristics and Functional Impairment in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Parveen K Garg, Kiang Liu, Luigi Ferrucci, Jack M Guralnik, Michael H Criqui, Lu Tian, Takashi Nishida, Huimin Tao, Mary M McDermott
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Marker antibody expression stratifies Crohn's disease into immunologically homogeneous subgroups with distinct clinical characteristics
Authors: E A Vasiliauskas
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) have been detected in a clinically distinct Crohn9s disease subpopulation. Antibodies to<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (ASCA) have been demonstrated in the majority of patients with Crohn9s disease. <h3>AIMS</h3> To examine the relationship between selective marker antibody expression in Crohn9s disease and disease onset, location, and clinical behaviour patterns. <h3>METHODS</h3> Sera from 156 consecutive patients with established Crohn9s disease were evaluated in a blinded fashion for the presence of ASCA and ANCA. Clinical profiles were generated by investigators blinded to immune marker status. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Using multiple regression analyses, higher ASCA levels were shown to be independently associated with early age of disease onset as well as both fibrostenosing and internal penetrating disease behaviours. Higher ANCA levels were associated with later age of onset and ulcerative colitis-like behaviour. Substratification of the Crohn9s disease population using selective ANCA and ASCA expression (high levels of a single marker antibody): (1) distinguished homogeneous subgroups that manifested similar disease location and behaviours; and (2) identified patients with more aggressive small bowel disease. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The findings suggest that by taking into account the magnitude of the host immune response, Crohn9s disease can now be stratified on an immunological basis into more homogeneous clinically distinct subgroups, characterised by greater uniformity among anatomical distribution of disease and disease behaviour.