tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dipstick: quick quantitation of ethanol in body fluids
Authors: Karin Wetmore
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Canadian scientists have developed a new procedure for rapidly measuring alcohol concentrations in body fluids that may be useful in emergency situations. Bhushan Kapur, CChem, director of laboratories, and Yedy Israel, PhD, head of biochemical research at the Clinical Institute of Ontario's Addiction Research Foundation, described the results of a two-year study of the procedure at the recent meeting of the American Association for Clinical Chemistry in New York City. The new tool, called the "Alcohol Dipstick," features a glucose-test-like plastic strip for on-the-spot measurement of ethanol concentrations. A quarter-inch cellulose pad at one end of the strip is impregnated with a buffered solution containing yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide, pyrazole, iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT), and diaphorase. When the strip is dipped into saliva, urine, or serum that contains ethanol, it turns various shades of pink almost instantly because of a reaction between, on the one hand, the NADH that
Globalisation and antibiotic resistance
Authors: A. So, M. Furlong, A. Heddini
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Hospitals engaged in medical tourism can turn crisis into opportunity

The global spread of bacteria carrying the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) enzyme through India, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom—and now half a dozen other countries—has sparked much media coverage.1 The outbreak’s importance stems from the broad resistance to all antibiotics except tigecycline and colistin seen in bacterial strains carrying the gene for NDM-1 and from the ready transmission across borders.

The original report of NDM-1 cautioned against medical tourism, suggesting the costs of contracting treatment resistant infection outside the UK might well outweigh the savings of lower priced care abroad. The naming of NDM-1 after New Delhi—its purported place of discovery—further vexed Indian government officials worried about potential fallout for the country’s burgeoning medical tourism industry. This added drama has distracted attention from what ought to be the main plot of this story.

Modern advances in health care, from organ transplants to cancer chemotherapy, are reliant on effective antibiotics and vulnerable to resistance. Multidrug resistant strains are no longer an isolated phenomenon, nor confined by political borders. To India’s credit, the government is preparing a policy on rational use of antibiotics.2 Healthcare leaders gather on 22 September 2010 for the World Medical …
673. Plasmid-Based GHRH Supplementation Delivered by Electroporation as a Treatment of Arthritis/Laminitis in Horses
Authors: Patricia A. Brown, David M. Hood, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Osteoarthritis is a significant social and economic problem in the elderly and continued research and improvements in therapy are needed. Horses have osteoarthritic conditions that are similar to humans, thus, the horse can be used as a model to investigate gene transfer as a potential therapeutic modality for the treatment of osteoarthritis. In aging mammals, the GHRH-GH-IGF-I axis undergoes considerable decrement with reduced GH secretion and IGF-I production associated with a loss of skeletal muscle mass, osteoporosis, arthritis, increased fat deposition and decreased lean body mass. Stimulation of the GH axis can reverse many of the age-related declines in muscle mass and decrease symptoms of arthritis.
Heterophilic Antibodies Interfering With Radioimmunoassay
Authors: Adrian O. Vladutiu
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A young man with amenorrhea had a consistently positive pregnancy test result (serum radioimmunoassay measurement of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin hormone). No fetal or placental tissue was found after uterine curettage and exploratory laparotomy. The false-positive pregnancy test result was due to heterophilic antibovine and antigoat antibodies in the patient's serum. These antibodies interfered with radioimmunoassays using goat antibodies. This case shows that serum heterophilic antibodies can interfere with immunoassays and result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures and/or unnecessary treatment.
Musashi2 sustains the mixed-lineage leukemia–driven stem cell regulatory program
Authors: Sun-Mi Park, Mithat Gönen, Ly Vu, Gerard Minuesa, Patrick Tivnan, Trevor S. Barlowe, James Taggart, Yuheng Lu, Raquel P. Deering, Nir Hacohen, Maria E. Figueroa, Elisabeth Paietta, Hugo F. Fernandez, Martin S. Tallman, Ari Melnick, Ross Levine, Christina Leslie, Christopher J. Lengner, Michael G. Kharas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are found in most aggressive myeloid diseases and contribute to therapeutic resistance. Leukemia cells exhibit a dysregulated developmental program as the result of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein Musashi2 (MSI2) has been previously shown to predict poor survival in leukemia. Here, we demonstrated that conditional deletion of Msi2 in the hematopoietic compartment results in delayed leukemogenesis, reduced disease burden, and a loss of LSC function in a murine leukemia model. Gene expression profiling of these Msi2-deficient animals revealed a loss of the hematopoietic/leukemic stem cell self-renewal program and an increase in the differentiation program. In acute myeloid leukemia patients, the presence of a gene signature that was similar to that observed in Msi2-deficent murine LSCs correlated with improved survival. We determined that MSI2 directly maintains the mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) self-renewal program by interacting with and retaining efficient translation of Hoxa9, Myc, and Ikzf2 mRNAs. Moreover, depletion of MLL target Ikzf2 in LSCs reduced colony formation, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis. Our data provide evidence that MSI2 controls efficient translation of the oncogenic LSC self-renewal program and suggest MSI2 as a potential therapeutic target for myeloid leukemia.
COMPARISON BETWEEN 90mTc-TEBOROXIME AND 201THALLIUM PLANAR MYOCARDIAL IMAGING IN THE DETECTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN A CANADIAN MULTICENTRE TRIAL
Authors: R Taillefer, M Freeman, D Greenberg, M Picard, F Chen, F Lamoureux, D Humen, L Rosenthall, R Kloiber, J Friede, A Fung, L Daigneault, L Lalonde
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

S of the Society of Nuclear Medicine in Canada and Prairie Provinces Chapter, SNM Conjoint Meeting: PDF Only
ANTIGEN RECOGNITION AND ANTIBODY SPECIFICITY
Authors: Howard A. Levin, Herbert Levine, Stuart F. Schlossman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

The exact specifiicity of anti-DNP antibody produced by Hartley guinea pigs immunized with a series of defined α,DNP and ϵ,DNP-oligolysines was studied by fluorescence quenching. All responder animals made anti-DNP antibody which recognized the precise chain length, ± 1 lysyl residue, of the DNP-oligolysines used to induce the immune response as measured by an increase in binding energy (–ΔF°) for that antigen. The ability of the immune system to detect the smallest possible change in oligolysine chain length suggests that the anti-hapten antibody-forming cell possesses a highly specific recognition system for carrier conformation. When DNP-oligolysines are incorporated in an adjuvant containing M. tuberculosis H37Rv, both responder and nonresponder produce anti-DNP antibody, but only the responder develops delayed skin sensitivity. In addition to their failure to develop delayed hypersensitivity, nonresponders produced anti-DNP oligolysine antibody which did not show the increase in –ΔF° for the immunizing antigen characteristic of responder antibody. These observations support a local environment hypothesis for antigen recognition at the level of the anti-hapten antibody-forming cell and suggest that the polylysine gene exerts its control at the same cell.
Abstract 78: Role of 12-lipoxygenase in regulation of ovarian cancer cell proliferation and survival
Authors: austin M. guo, Xiuli Liu, Zaid Al-Walhab, Rao Maddippati, A. Guillermo Scicli, Adnan Munkarah
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Enzymes involved in eicosanoid synthesis have previously been implicated in the progression of various types of cancer, including ovarian carcinomas. Most of the current data in ovarian cancer have focused on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). It is not known whether the main human 12-hydroxyeicosatetrenoate (12-HETE) generating enzyme, 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), contributes to the regulation of growth of ovarian cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the function of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway in the regulation of proliferation and survival of three epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cell lines. We found that all three EOC cells express high level of the mRNA encoding for 12-LOX, using RT-PCR. These cells also contain significant amount of immuno-reactive 12-LOX protein as revealed by western blot. Liquid chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis confirmed that all three EOC produce 12-HETE when challenged with arachidonic acid (AA). N-benzyl-n-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pentanamide (BMD-122) is a specific 12-LOX inhibitor. Exposure of the three EOC cell lines to an increasing dose of the 12-LOX inhibitor, BMD-122 (1 μM, 10 μM and 50 μM), resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition in cell proliferation (75±9%, 51±6% and 26±4% of untreated control, respectively), measured by MTT assay in vitro. Furthermore, treatment with 10 μM BMD-122 was associated with up to ∼30% increases in the apoptosis of these EOC cells within 24 hr, measured by Annexin-V flow cytometry. This apoptosis seems to be mediated through a mechanism independent of PI-3 kinase since the expression of phosphorylated Akt was not affected by BMD-122 treatment. Furthermore, we found that BMD-122 treatment had no effect on the three EOC cell lines ability to invasion using Matrigel assay. Taken together, these data suggest that 12-LOX is involved in regulation of ovarian cancer progression and survival, an important and novel finding. Inhibition of 12-LOX may have potential as an adjuvant therapy in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 78.
Abdominal and thoracic pressures during defecation
Authors: K. S Mullard
Journal: BMJ (1979)

window seal.The fact that the authors did not find a perilymph fistula does not exclude this possibility as they can heal very rapidly, as after routine stapedectomy.I note that tinnitus and nausea had resolved by the time of surgery.Incidentally, experimental inocula- tion of mumps virus at the oval window does not lead to labyrinthitis in monkeys.
Doctor or Dropout?
Authors: Maurice B. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

For more than a decade almost 10 per cent of the 9000 students admitted each year to medical schools fail to graduate, despite careful screening from more than twice that number of applicants.1 If this attrition could be eliminated it would mean the graduation of 900 additional physicians annually — the potential output of at least 10 new medical schools costing a billion dollars to build and a hundred million each year to operate.Ninety per cent of attrition occurs in the first two years, with more than two thirds of it in the first year, and most often it . . .
Treatment of Acute Intermittent Porphyria With Large Doses of Propranolol
Authors: Dan Douer
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A patient had an acute attack of intermittent porphyria with severe neurologic manifestations, hypertension, and tachycardia. Treatment with propranolol hydrochloride (Deralin [Israel]; Inderal, comparable US product) intravenously administered in a total dose of 284 mg during a period of 18 hours, was followed by clinical remission associated with a decline in urinary excretion of porphyrin precursors.
Brain Lactate as a Potential Biomarker for Comorbid Anxiety Disorder in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Stephen R. Dager, Neva M. Corrigan, Dennis W. W. Shaw
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Treatment of Staphylococcal Septicemia with Vancomycin
Authors: William M. M. Kirby, David M. Perry, Alfred W. Bauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

DESPITE the number of antibiotics now available, the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections has been relatively unsatisfactory. Failures are attributable in part to the debilitated state of many of the patients, and in part to the development of resistance to most of the available antibiotics within a short period. A potent bactericidal antibiotic that can be administered to patients in large doses, and to which staphylococci do not quickly become resistant, has been lacking. During the first five years it was used, penicillin was responsible for a decline in the mortality of staphylococcal septicemia from over 80 per cent to . . .
Lichen aureus: A localized persistent form of pigmented purpuric dermatitis
Authors: M.L. PRICE, E. WILSON JONES, C.D. CALNAN, D.M. MACDONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Localized persistent pigmented macules and plaques due to a chronic form of pigmented purpuric dermatitis are described in forty-two patients. The designation 'lichen aureus' for this eruption can be justified because of the striking yellowish or bronze-like colour assumed by many of the lesions. The lower legs were the commonest sites but other body regions can be affected also. Histologically lichen aureus differs from other pigmented purpuric dermatoses in the density of the lichenoid tissue reaction and the marked accumulation of pigment-containing macrophages. Recently developed endothelial cell markers have been studied in selected cases.
The American Academy of Pediatrics Comments on the Baby Doe II Regulations
Authors: James E. Strain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) recently issued "Baby Doe II," a proposed rule designed to prevent hospitals from withholding food or medical care from handicapped infants. Born of a widely publicized incident in Bloomington, Indiana, involving a child with Down's syndrome and esophageal atresia, the rule is part of a larger controversy that has pitted right-to-life groups — presumably with the support of the Office of the President — against hospitals, pediatricians, and other physicians who question whether the federal government should have a role in the critical-care nursery. The DHHS' initial rule on the subject was . . .
Distribution of crystals in the superficial zone of elderly human articular cartilage of the femoral head in subcapital fracture.
Authors: R A Stockwell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Crystal distribution in articular cartilage of femoral heads resected at hip arthroplasty for fracture of the femoral neck was examined in 10 patients (77-91 years) by computerised image analysis of electron micrographs. Crystal content of the zenith did not differ from that of the infrafoveal region of the femoral head in the superficial 0.5 mm of the cartilage. Crystal area density (percentage area of the section occupied by crystal profiles) was higher in a zone 0-50 microns than in the subjacent zone 50-500 microns from the articular surface, particularly in the zenith of the femoral head. It was also higher on the superficial (towards the articular surface) aspect than on the deep aspect of cells in perilacunar matrix. Crystal area density was similar in lacunar matrix, perilacunar matrix, and matrix remote from cells. Matrix containing cell debris was more heavily impregnated with crystals than any other site. No difference in crystal content was observed in cartilage beneath articular surfaces which were ultrastructurally smooth or roughened. The diminishing gradient of crystal area density with depth from the articular surface, the absence of a marked spatial association with living cells, and the impregnation of sites containing cell debris suggest that crystal deposition in these cases is not due primarily to chondrocyte activity.
Genetic and Pharmacologic Identification of Akt as a Mediator of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/TrkB Rescue of Neuroblastoma Cells from Chemotherapy-Induced Cell Death
Authors: Zhijie Li, Jerry Jaboin, Phillip A. Dennis, Carol J. Thiele
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Patients whose neuroblastoma tumors express high levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and TrkB have an unfavorable prognosis. Our previous studies indicated that BDNF activation of the TrkB signal transduction pathway blocked the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway. Akt is an important downstream target of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and functions to regulate cell survival, proliferation, and protein synthesis. In this study, we examined whether Akt is required and sufficient to mediate BDNF/TrkB protection of neuroblastoma cells from chemotherapy. Transient transfection of a constitutively active Akt (Akt-Myr) into TrkB-expressing SY5Y cells (TB8 cells) increases Akt activation and attenuates the cell death induced by chemotherapeutic reagents in the absence of BDNF. Furthermore, expression of a dominant-negative Akt (Akt-K179A) blocks the ability of BDNF to rescue TB8 cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. Pharmacologic inhibition of Akt, with PIA6, a phosphatidylinositol ether lipid analogue (PIA), blocks BDNF-induced phosphorylation of Akt and the downstream target of Akt. PIA6 sensitizes neuroblastoma cells to chemotherapy and attenuates BDNF protection of neuroblastoma cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. These results indicate that Akt is a key signaling component by which BDNF activation of the TrkB signal transduction pathway protects neuroblastoma cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death. This study raises the possibility that novel pharmacologic inhibitors of Akt may enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of neuroblastoma tumors.
Emergency Medical Service Dispatch Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Prearrival Instructions to Improve Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: E. Brooke Lerner, Thomas D. Rea, Bentley J. Bobrow, Joe E. Acker, Robert A. Berg, Steven C. Brooks, David C. Cone, Marc Gay, Lana M. Gent, Greg Mears, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Robert E. O'Connor, Jerald Potts, Michael R. Sayre, Robert A. Swor, Andrew H. Travers
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Online patient-helpers and physicians working together: a new partnership for high quality health care
Authors: T. Ferguson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Based on a presentation from the Millennium Festival of Medicine 

In January 1998 Karen Parles, a 38 year old librarian at a major New York art museum, learned that she had lung cancer. “My doctors told me it was incurable, that I had only a few months to live,” she recalls. “I'm a lifelong non-smoker, so the whole thing came as quite a shock. I was pretty overwhelmed at first. But as soon as I could, I went on to the internet, looking for information. And I asked all my friends to help.

“I found a great support group for lung cancer, the Lung-Onc mailing list.1 The other patients on the list answered my questions, suggested useful sites, and gave me a lot of invaluable support. But even so, I had a hard time finding the information I needed. There was great stuff out there, but it was scattered across dozens of different sites. There was no comprehensive site that provided links to all the best online information for this disease.”

Through a friend of a friend, Karen heard that a surgical team at Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital was developing a new treatment for her type of cancer. “I went to Boston to see them and I was pretty impressed,” she says. “But having a lung removed by an unproved procedure still seemed pretty frightening, so I shared my fears with my Lung-Onc friends. I heard right back from eight or ten others who'd had a pneumonectomy. They assured me that I could do it and encouraged me to give it a shot. I was the twelfth patient to undergo the new treatment. That was nearly a year and a half ago, and so far, knock on wood, I'm doing fine.”

Like many other patients who have used online …
Familial Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: KATHRYN H. EHLERS, MARY ALLEN ENGLE
Journal: Circulation (1966)

REMARKABLE advances have been made during the past two decades in the diagnosis and medical and surgical management of congenital heart disease, little progress has been made in understanding etiology.With the hope that new information might be gained about environmental factors, genetic constitution, and their interplay, we have directed our attention to a group of families in which there were multiple instances of cardiac anomaly.From more than 100 families with such a history, 48 were selected for study because the presence of the defect could be proven in two or more family members.Undoubtedly some of the other families also had multiple instances of congenital heart disease, and there may have been additional members with cardiac malformations in the study group, but these were excluded if proof of the malfor- mation, by cardiological examination, surgery, or autopsy was lacking.Unfortunately, for members of earlier generations, such proof was usually not available.None of the indi- viduals had a congenital heart defect as part of a recognized syndrome known to be as- sociated with chromosomal aberration, such as Turner's syndrome or the autosomal triso- mies.Nor did any have a single gene disorder with cardiovascular involvement, such as Marfan's, Hurler's, or the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome.There were no instances of con-
The Conjugated Lipids of Connective Tissue of the Rat and Rabbit
Authors: ROBERT J. BOUCEK, NANCY L. NOBLE, KUNG-YING TANG KAO
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

The conjugated lipids of connective tissue of the rat and rabbit obtained by the sponge-biopsy technic and the aortic intima of the rabbit were divided into two portions by differential saline solubility and the saline-soluble portion was further fractionated into the alpha and beta fractions of Cohn. No apparent relationship was observed between the protein, amino acids or lipids of the serum and the connective tissue of the rabbit. The sponge-connective tissue differed from the aortic intima in certain respects but appeared to be similar in the saline-insoluble fractions of amino acid and cholesterol. The effects of sex and age upon connective tissue of the rat is described.