tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rh Factors and Pregnancy
Authors: M.D. Wisconsin
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The father is A Rh-positive. The mother is O Rh-negative, healthy, in her mid-20's, has had one previous, uncomplicated pregnancy, of which the child, now 2 years old, is healthy. There have been no previous blood transfusions, miscarriages, etc. The present (second) pregnancy, now in the eighth month of gestation, has been uncomplicated. Rh antibody titer, first reading, now is 1:4. Should this pregnancy be allowed to go to full term and exchange transfusions instituted for the baby then, if necessary, or is an early vaginal delivery indicated, possibly with exchange transfusions? Is there not a greater danger of kernicterus and mental deficiencies in an early delivery, despite exchange transfusions, since the liver of a premature baby cannot handle bilirubin well? Is it better to risk a full-term gestation (with a very slim chance of a stillbirth) than to risk the early delivery of a premature baby,
Perceived Onset of Effect of Budesonide and Formoterol Administered via One Pressurized Metered-dose Inhaler in Patients With Asthma Previously Receiving Inhaled Corticosteroids
Authors: N.K. Leidy, D.L. Patrick, R. Boggs, B. Parasuraman, L. O'Dowd
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
The role of mutagenic metal ions in mediating in vitro mispairing by alkylpyrimidines.
Authors: O S Bhanot, J J Solomon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

A variety of alkylating mutagens and carcinogens produce pyrimidine adducts in DNA that block DNA synthesis in vitro. Since DNA synthesis past the lesion is a necessary step to produce mutations, we investigated the role of the mutagenic metal ion Mn++ in facilitating DNA synthesis past alkylpyrimidines. In the presence of the natural metal activator Mg++, N3-ethyldeoxythymidine (N3-Et-dT) and O2-ethyldeoxythymidine (O2-Et-dT), present at a single site in DNA, blocked in vitro DNA synthesis 3' to the lesion and after incorporating dA opposite each lesion. The presence of Mn++ permitted postlesion synthesis with dT misincorporated opposite N3-Et-dT and O2-Et-dT, implicating these lesions in A.T-->T.A transversion mutagenesis. The DNA synthesis block by O4-ethyldeoxythymidine (O4-Et-dT) in the presence of Mg++ was partial and was also removed by Mn++. Consistent with in vivo studies, dG was incorporated opposite O4-Et-dT during postlesion synthesis, leading to A.T-->G.C transition mutagenesis. We also have discovered a new class of DNA adducts, N3-hydroxyalkyldeoxyuridine (3-HA-dU) lesions, which are produced by mutagenic and carcinogenic aliphatic epoxides. 3-HA-dU is formed after initial alkylation at the N3 position of dC followed by a rapid hydrolytic deamination. As observed with the analogous mutagenic N3-Et-dT, the ethylene oxide-induced 3-hydroxyethyldeoxyuridine (3-HE-dU) blocked in vitro DNA synthesis, which could be by-passed in the presence of Mn++. The nucleotide incorporated opposite 3-HE-dU during postlesion synthesis is being identified. These studies suggest a role for Mn++ in mediating mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of environmentally important ethylating agents and aliphatic epoxides.
From Joint Thinking to Joint Action: A Call to Action on Improving Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Maternal and Newborn Health
Authors: Yael Velleman, Elizabeth Mason, Wendy Graham, Lenka Benova, Mickey Chopra, Oona M. R. Campbell, Bruce Gordon, Sanjay Wijesekera, Sennen Hounton, Joanna Esteves Mills, Val Curtis, Kaosar Afsana, Sophie Boisson, Moke Magoma, Sandy Cairncross, Oliver Cumming
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Yael Velleman and colleagues argue for stronger integration between the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and maternal and newborn health sectors. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Evidence for gene-environment interactions in a linkage study of asthma and smoking exposure
Authors: Susan Colilla, Dan Nicolae, Anna Pluzhnikov, Malcolm N. Blumenthal, Terri H. Beaty, Eugene R. Bleecker, Ethan M. Lange, Stephen S. Rich, Deborah A. Meyers, Carole Ober, Nancy J. Cox
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Longitudinal Gradients for Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vascular Responses in the Coronary Microcirculation
Authors: Lih Kuo, Michael J. Davis, William M. Chilian
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Coronary microvessels (&lt;300 μm in diameter) have been demonstrated to be important in the regulation of local resistance and flow. Recent studies also suggest that these microvessels are more responsive to physiological and pharmacological stimuli than conduit vessels. However, little is known regarding the relative sensitivity of different microvascular segments in response to flow (shear stress) and agonists. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that a longitudinal gradient for shear stress– and agonist-induced dilation exists in the coronary microcirculation. Methods and Results Experiments were performed in four different sizes of porcine subepicardial coronary arterial microvessels: small arterioles (40±1-μm ID with resting tone); intermediate arterioles (60±1 μm); large arterioles (106±4 μm); and small arteries (179±9 μm). Vessels were isolated and cannulated to allow luminal pressure and flow to be independently controlled. All vessels developed active tone (to ≈65% to 75% of maximum diameter) at their control luminal pressures and showed graded dilations to stepwise increases in shear stress (0 to 10 dynes/cm 2 ). For arterioles, the magnitude of the dilations increased as vessel size increased. The highest shear stress produced 21±3%, 32±2%, and 52±5% increases in diameter in small, intermediate, and large arterioles, respectively. Small arteries dilated only 22±6%. The endothelium-dependent vasodilator substance P (SP) produced dose-dependent dilation of all vessels with a threshold at 10 −16 mol/L. Arterioles were maximally dilated at 10 −9 mol/L SP. However, this dose produced only 80% dilation in small arteries. The ED 50 for SP was shifted to the right by two orders of magnitude in small arteries compared with the arterioles. Adenosine preferentially dilated small arterioles, and the dose-response curves shifted to the right for larger vessels. The thresholds for adenosine-induced dilation were 10 −12 , 10 −11 , and 10 −9 mol/L for small, intermediate, and large arterioles, respectively. The endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroprusside produced identical dose-dependent dilations in all vessel segments. Conclusions The results indicate that the pig coronary circulation exhibits a heterogeneity in physiological and pharmacological responses along the microvascular network. Small arterioles are more sensitive to adenosine, but large arterioles are more responsive to shear-stress stimulation. We speculate that site-specific preferential responses may play a crucial role in coordinating overall vascular function in the coronary microvascular network.
HOME BY SHIP: REACTION PATTERNS OF AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR REPATRIATED FROM NORTH KOREA
Authors: ROBERT J. LIFTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

The reaction patterns of a group of American prisoners of the Korean conflict, in response to their uniquely traumatizing experience, have been described. These were correlated with the sequence of behavior between repatriation and arrival in San Francisco 16 to 19 days later, determined by means of individual interviews, shipboard observations, and group therapy sessions conducted during the voyage. Shifting patterns of individual and group defenses and identifications were discussed, with reference to underlying dynamics and relationships to future adjustment problems.
Immunologic Reactions to Penicillin and Cephalosporin Drugs.
Authors: Lawrence D. Petz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Immunologic Reactions to Penicillin and Cephalosporin Drugs.Lawrence D. Petz, M.D., F.A.C.P., Lee Wilkinson, M.D., Peter Spath, M.D.Lawrence D. Petz, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Lee Wilkinson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Peter Spath, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-812_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the incidence and clinical significance of immunologic reactions to cephalosporins and penicillins. Previous reports have documented that Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia may be caused by the administration of penicillin in high doses and that significant in vitro cross-allergenicity occurs between penicillin and cephalothin in humans. Reports from other laboratories have indicated that 38 to 75% of patients receiving cephalothin develop a positive direct Coombs' test and that allergic reactions may occur on the basis of cross-allergenicity between the drugs. Our present study concerns immunologic testing in 110 patients receiving penicillins or cephalosporins.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Lawrence D. Petz, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Lee Wilkinson, M.D.; Peter Spath, M.D.Affiliations: San Francisco, Calif. Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIncidenz und Mechanismus des positiven direkten Antiglobulin-(Coombs-)Testes bei Cephalosporin-Behandlung 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 812-812KeywordsAllergy and immunologyClinical immunologyDrugsHemolytic anemiaPatientsPenicillin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
ESSEX AND COLCHESTER HOSPITAL: OBSERVATIONS ON A CASE OF GENERAL TUBERCULOSIS, WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE LUNG AFFECTION
Authors: P. M. Duncan
Journal: BMJ (1856)

GEORGE SNITIH, an agricultural labourer, married, and aged 25 years, was admitted under my care on November 1st, 1855.HIe complained of general debility, listlessness to the extreme, and of slight cough; he had led the usual life of a labourer, was not debauched in his habits, nor had he ever had syphilis or gonorrhea I could not find any hereditary taint in his history.He was tall, and sturdy looking; the antero-posterior diameter of his chest was small, but the shoulders were wide and straight.The most singular aspect of mental depression characterised the man; he was slow in his movements, and his hands were ever cold and purplish.The appetite was bad, tongue foul, bowels irregular, and pulse 80, smalL Examination of Chest.Little expansion was noticed over the sub-clavicular spaces, and hardly any elsewhere.The breathing was almost entirely abdominal.Deep inspira- tion lifted the shoulders, but made a very slight impression upon the immobile chest.Percussion gave an unsatisfactory result over the whole thorax; its peculiar dull sound was, to a certain extent, resonant; it had a high pitch, moreover, and differed in these respects, from the sound elicited over the region of the liver.Auacultation.The vesicular murmur was weak over
College plans help for children in war zones
Authors: K. Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A register of paediatricians willing to work as volunteers in war zones could improve the health of children in such areas, said speakers at the international task force conference of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health in London last week.

The register would, however, be only a first step, and a more cohesive strategy needs to be developed. An effective plan would have to involve the medical colleges, non-governmental organisations, donors, and the armed forces.

Professor David Baum, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, emphasised the importance of a comprehensive but cautious approach: “The responsibilities of …
TCT-163 Drug eluting balloon for below the knee angioplasty- one year results from a single center DEB-BTK Registry
Authors: Grigore Popusoi, Angelo Cioppa, Eugenio Stabile, Luigi Salemme, Vittorio Ambrosini, Tullio Tesorio, Giovanni Sorropago, Linda Cota, Armando Pucciarelli, Giancarlo Biamino, Paolo Rubino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract IA11: Using publicly available databases for the functional characterization of cancer genes
Authors: Dong-Joo Cheon, Jessica Beach, Yunguang Tong, Xiaojiang Cui, Mourad Tighiouart, Zhenqiu Liu, Ann E. Walts, Beth Y. Karlan, Sandra Orsulic
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract It is now known that tumors are complex ‘organs’ consisting of multiple malignant and nonmalignant cells, blood vessels, and many other cell types, which are frequently lumped together as tumor stroma because their individual characteristics and roles in tumor progression and metastasis are not well defined. Despite the universal presence of cancer-associated stroma in solid tumors and wide clinical use as a prognostic marker, the origin of stromal cells in tumors is still the subject of extensive debate. The dynamic bi-directional interaction between the cancer cells and stroma is also not well understood although it is becoming increasingly apparent that the stroma can modify the aggressiveness of tumor cells and that tumor cells re-program the stroma to generate a nurturing microenvironment that is crucial for tumor survival, progression, and metastasis. Because of the prominent role of stroma in most aspects of tumor progression, it is believed that rational anticancer therapy design should not only target the cancer cells but also the stroma. Therefore, a better understanding of the cancer-stroma interaction and the identification of molecular events whose disruption may undermine tumor progression are required steps toward successful anticancer therapy. Most public expression profile databases contain information from tumors with variable amounts of stroma. Thus, a snapshot of cross-signaling between cancer and stroma is captured in such transcription profiles although it is difficult to deconvolve the source and direction of the signals. The intensities of the signals are also difficult to determine because analysis of total mRNA from tissues dampens signals from rare cell types, such as cancer stem cells and activated fibroblasts. Expression profile databases that contain laser capture-microdissected samples or single-cell samples provide more information about specific cell types but typically suffer from a small number of patient samples. Through integration of multiple expression profile databases, we identified a set of highly co-regulated genes that are associated with poor patient survival. These genes are induced as a result of the epithelial-stromal interaction and define a microenvironment that serves as a favorable niche for ovarian cancer stem cells, thereby leading to chemotherapy resistance and metastasis and, ultimately, poor overall survival. Citation Format: Dong-Joo Cheon, Jessica Beach, Yunguang Tong, Xiaojiang Cui, Mourad Tighiouart, Zhenqiu Liu, Ann E. Walts, Beth Y. Karlan, Sandra Orsulic. Using publicly available databases for the functional characterization of cancer genes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA11.
New advice issued on prevention of sudden infant death
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A new set of UK guidelines is being issued to parents to reduce the risk of sudden infant death following the publication this week of a three year study by the confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy.

Parents will be advised not to fall asleep with their baby on a sofa, which increases the risk of sudden infant death almost 50-fold. They should not sleep with the baby in their bed if they smoke, have recently drunk alcohol, are excessively tired, or have taken sedatives.

The baby's cot should be kept in the parents' bedroom for the first six months, and the use …
The Apical Complex Couples Cell Fate and Cell Survival to Cerebral Cortical Development
Authors: Seonhee Kim, Maria K. Lehtinen, Alessandro Sessa, Mauro W. Zappaterra, Seo-Hee Cho, Dilenny Gonzalez, Brigid Boggan, Christina A. Austin, Jan Wijnholds, Michael J. Gambello, Jarema Malicki, Anthony S. LaMantia, Vania Broccoli, Christopher A. Walsh
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Infection of Bone and Joint by Salmonellae
Authors: J. M. Talbot, J. A. Hunt
Journal: BMJ (1957)

BRrrsH 1095 bone marrow showed a myeloid/erythroid ratio of 11: 1.A relative increase in myelocytes was still present.When she left hospital on February 10 sbe had been free from infections since splenectomy and was in good health.She was readmitted on May 26 for repair of a uterine prolapse.Since leaving hospital in February she had had 5.000 SPLENECTOMY 4,000F TOTAL LEUCOCYTES 2,000 / POLYMORPHS.
Identification of Bilateral Breast Sentinel Lymph Nodes Draining Primary Melanoma of the Back by Preoperative Lymphoscintigraphy and Intraoperative Mapping
Authors: CHRISTIAN BIANCHI, FAHIM A. HABIB, EUGENE MORITA, STANLEY P. L. LEONG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 30-year-old white woman with a primary malignant melanoma of her right back at the Sappey line, 4 cm from the midline at the L2 level, underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative mapping of the sentinel lymph node using lymphazurin injection at the primary site and a hand-held gamma probe. Lymphoscintigraphy showed one sentinel lymph node in each breast and another one in the right axilla. These three sentinel lymph nodes were accurately identified using a hand-held gamma probe during operation. An additional sentinel and one nonsentinel lymph node from the right axilla were harvested. All four sentinel lymph nodes were blue and showed significantly elevated radioactivity compared with background. Histologic analysis showed that all these lymph nodes were negative for metastatic melanoma. She has been followed for a period of 26.7 months since her selective sentinel lymphadenectomy and has been free of disease to date. This case illustrates the importance of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy in identifying in-transit sentinel lymph nodes in both breasts in addition to the clinically predictable sentinel lymph node(s) in the right axilla.
Autistic Conditions in Early Childhood: A Survey in Middlesex
Authors: J. K. Wing, N. O'Connor, V. Lotter
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Kanner (1943Kanner ( , 1957) ) was the first to point out that one particu- lar syndrome of abnormal behaviour could be separated from the previously undifferentiated group of childhood psychoses.Children with the syndrome (called early infantile autism) were distinguished by three outstanding characteristics: lack of responsiveness to other human beings-that is, " autism "-an insistence on the preservation of sameness in the environment, and an onset in the first two years of life.The children were attractive and alert in appearance, and Kanner believed they were not intellectually subnormal, though their functional abilities were grossly impaired.Their parents in most cases seemed vocationally successful and intelligent.In retrospect the syndrome had already been brilliantly described by Itard, whose account of the " Wild Boy of Aveyron," written in the early years of the nineteenth century, has never been bettered (Humphrey, 1932).Itard did not agree with Pinel's diagnosis of severe subnormality and evolved an educational technique which is now being rediscovered by psychologists (Lovaas, 1966).Subsequent writers have not been able to improve upon Kanner's clinical acumen.The best recent descriptions, unmarred by interpretations of what might or might not be going on in the child's mind, are by Rutter (1966a) and Wolff and Chess (1964, 1965).These writers, as well as Creak and Ini (1960), confirmed certain of Kanner's findings, but in children in whom onset was sometimes later than the age of 2 years.Like Kanner, Rutter and Wolff and Chess emphasize the importance of the speech disorder, which in many cases seems impossible to differentiate from the receptive type of developmental aphasia (Pronovost et al., 1966).In Creaks (1963) and in Rutter's (1966b) series, followed up into late adolescence or adulthood, there was no evidence of any development into schizophrenia.Kanner has also pointed out the lack of genetic relationship between schizophrenia and early infantile autism.No epidemiological study has been made and the prevalence of the condition is unknown.The present survey was under- taken at the suggestion of Dr.
The cutaneous reaction to staphylococcal protein A in normal subjects and patients with atopic dermatitis or psoriasis
Authors: MARION I. WHITE, W.C. NOBLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Intradermal testing with the staphylococcal cell wall component, protein A, in healthy volunteers and in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis produced a range of responses but in all groups there was an immediate weal and flare response. There was marked individual variation in subsequent erythema, but the patients with atopic dermatitis had less erythema at 15 min and 24h than normal or psoriatic individuals. The greatest erythematous reaction at 48h was seen in patients with psoriasis.
Hepatic cytochrome P450s metabolize aristolochic acid and reduce its kidney toxicity
Authors: Y. Xiao, M. Ge, X. Xue, C. Wang, H. Wang, X. Wu, L. Li, L. Liu, X. Qi, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, H. Luo, T. Xie, J. Gu, J. Ren
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Why some cases of retinopathy worsen when diabetic control improves
Authors: E Chantelau, E M Kohner
Journal: BMJ (1997)

In the 1970s Engerman et al showed that strict control of diabetes could prevent the development of retinopathy in diabetic dogs.1 When close monitoring of glycaemia and methods of giving frequent insulin injections became possible in routine practice clinicians had great expectations that similarly strict control in humans could prevent the development of diabetic retinopathy and arrest or even reverse early lesions. These expectations were dashed, however, when it became clear that tightening control in patients with existing retinopathy could make the lesions worse.2 This normoglycaemic re-entry phenomenon has puzzled clinicians,3 and, although there is still much to learn about its mechanism, it is becoming clearer how to manage it.

Early findings that patients with varying degrees of retinopathy suffered a paradoxical worsening of their lesions as their diabetic control improved2 3 4 5 6 have been confirmed in a recent large study of non-insulin dependent diabetics started on insulin.7 But even before …