tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3709: Molecular targets of total methanolic and ethyl acetate fraction of triphala in colon cancer
Authors: Srivani Ravoori, Richard M. Higashi, Ramesh C. Gupta, Manicka V. Vadhanam
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We previously demonstrated that the methanolic extract of triphala, a herbal preparation of a mixture of three fruits, namely, Terminalia chebula, Emblica officinalis and Terminalia bellerica was effective against colon cancer cells. In order to identify its mechanism of action, HCT-116 cells (1×106 cells) were seeded in 25mm2 petri dishes and treated with varying concentration of total extract. Cells stained using Alexa Fluor 488 Annexin V/Dead Cell Apoptosis assay revealed a dose dependent increase in early apoptosis which plateaued with 200 µg/ml, and a dose dependent increase in late apoptosis upto 400 µg/ml. This and previous finding of down-regulation of cyclin D1 suggested that the inhibitory action of triphala is facilitated both by antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis. In addition, significant downregulation of select upstream and downstream molecules of NFκB signaling was observed. In order to identify the bioactive components of the mixture, the total methanolic extract was subfractionated with various organic solvents and tested for antiproliferative activity using HCT-116 cells. The efficacy was determined to be in the following order: ethyl acetate fraction&amp;gt;total methonolic fraction&amp;gt;chloroform fraction&amp;gt;butanol fraction&amp;gt;hexane fraction&amp;gt;residual aqueous fraction. When normal colon cells CRL-1459 (5×103 cells) were treated with either the total methanolic or ethyl acetate fraction, the IC50 was found to be 7 fold higher for both the fractions compared to colon cancer cells, suggesting that the antiproliferative activity is specific to malignant cells. FTICR-MS analysis of the effective fractions revealed enrichment of most of the phenolics such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, and several other tannins into the ethyl acetate fraction. In order to identify the molecular targets of the ethyl acetate fraction, HCT-116 (1×106 cells) were seeded in 6 well plates and treated with LPS, 100 or 200 µg/ml ethyl acetate extract of triphala or both for 6 hours. qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction is more effective in down-regulating both constitutive and induced expression of TNFα and COX2 compared to the total methanolic extract. In addition, down-regulation of LPS-induced NFκB expression was more pronounced with ethyl acetate extract compared to methanolic extract. Ethyl acetate extract was also effective in downregulating the cell cycle regulatory molecule cyclin D1. However, the total extract was more effective in modulating the expression of IL-6 and IFNγ, suggesting that the various fractions of triphala may have distinct targets of colon carcinogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3709. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3709
Capsule retention in a Zenker’s diverticulum
Authors: A. Ziachehabi, A. Maieron, U. Hoheisel, A. Bachl, R. Hagenauer, R. Schöfl
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 71-year-old man was admitted for capsule endoscopy because of overt gastrointestinal bleeding. Previous gastroscopy and colonoscopy were normal.
Consultation With a Medical Oncologist Before Surgery and Type of Surgery Among Elderly Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Nancy L. Keating, Mary Beth Landrum, John Z. Ayanian, Eric P. Winer, Edward Guadagnoli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: Prior studies have documented variation in breast cancer treatment and care that does not follow guideline recommendations, particularly for elderly women. We assessed whether consultation with a medical oncologist before surgery was associated with use of definitive surgery, axillary node dissection, and type of surgery. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of a population-based sample of 9,630 women aged ≥ 66 years diagnosed with breast cancer during 1995 to 1996. We measured the adjusted proportion visiting a medical oncologist before surgery, identified factors associated with such visits, and assessed the association between visits with a medical oncologist and use of definitive surgery (mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery with radiation v breast-conserving surgery without radiation); axillary dissection; and breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomy among women undergoing definitive surgery. Results: Nineteen percent of women visited a medical oncologist before surgery; these women were younger, more often had larger or more poorly differentiated cancers, had more comorbid illnesses, and were treated more often at a teaching hospital (all P &lt; .05). Women who saw a medical oncologist before surgery were more likely than others to undergo definitive surgery (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.56) and axillary dissection (adjusted OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.73), but less likely to undergo breast-conserving surgery among women undergoing definitive surgery (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.95). Conclusion: Elderly women who consulted with a medical oncologist before surgery were more likely to receive guideline-recommended care. Additional research is needed allow a better understanding of the quality and content of discussions that elderly women have with various providers about breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy.
Myelodysplastic syndromes and malignant solid tumors: Analysis of 21 cases
Authors: Jordi Sans‐Sabrafen, Josep Buxó‐Costa, Soledad Woessner, Lourdes Florensa, Carles Besses, NÚRia Malats, Miquel Porta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract We studied the association between myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and malignancies in a cohort of 155 patients with MDS, 21 of whom presented malignant solid tumors. Myelodysplasia was present after the diagnosis of cancer in eight patients (interval between the diagnosis of both conditions 18 months, median survival 49.5 months), simultaneously with diagnosis in 11 (median survival 8 months), and before malignancy in two patients (interval between the diagnosis of both conditions 47 and 7 months). One patient was given chemotherapy for lung cancer, and three patients received radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the kidney and cancer of the prostate. At the time of diagnosis of MDS, nine patients already presented metastatic spread. Fourteen patients died, ten as a result of tumor‐related complications and four because of transformation to acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. The analysis of the incidence of malignancy in patients with MDS was statistically significant for males, and the relative risk was significant in both sexes. The results of this study show that MDS patients present a higher incidence of malignant tumors than the general population, that MDS may be of real paraneoplastic significance, and that the occurrence of MDS in cancer patients may be considered to be related to the malignancy rather than an independent phenomenon. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Scintigraphy of the skull and facial bones. Evaluation of soft tissue swelling
Authors: Dov Front, Ruth Hardoff, Galina Yoselevski, Eliezer Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE VALUE of scintigraphy of the cranial and facial bones has received little attention in the literature in comparison with the many articles published about scintigraphy of the axial skeleton. The normal anatomy of the skull in scintigraphy was described by Jones and Patton 1 and Bergstedt. 2 Gates and Goris 3 described scintigraphic findings in maxillofacial abnormalities. Coleman et al 4 stated that routine skull images in addition to axial skeletal images are of limited value. We report here our experience in a group of patients in whom scintigraphy of the cranial and facial bones was most helpful in management.  Patients and Methods  Twenty-one patients were examined because of signs of a mass in the soft tissues of the head, swelling of the face, or exophthalmos. Skull scintigraphy was performed three hours after the intravenous injection of 15 mCi of technetium Tc 99m diphosphonate. Multiple views were taken with a
Interstitial Subcutaneous Emphysema complicating Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: G. Hurrell
Journal: BMJ (1941)

protected from the acid gastric contents.The attainmient of a low acid level is only one method of realizing this; such an effect is most completely attained by neutralization of the gastric juiceas soon as it is secreted, a process which can only be carried out effectively at present by means of the continuous intragastric drip apparatus.This, however, is not a practicable method for the vast majority of cases, and should be re-served for those of especial severity.The question of gastric motility in cases of ulcer would appear to be the probiem of the future, aind the next stop ahead seems to be the discovery of some practical mcans of ensuring continuous diminution of gastric motility.Olive oil does not supply this want, and the continuous intragastric drip, as has been indicated, will not fulfil the condition of practicability.The purpose of further research must be to find some more effective method. SummaryAn investigation into the effects of various foods and simple drugs on the gastric hyperacidity of peptic ulcer is recorded, particularly with a view to prolonged acid reduction.Certain foods, notably milk, when given two-hourly, have little persistent neutralizing power; these foods, although diverse in nature, produce similar acid levels.Olive oil is strongly acid-depressant when supplied as a food or given before meals.
Canadian doctors develop triage protocol for influenza pandemic
Authors: Barbara Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A Canadian working group has developed a triage protocol for prioritising access to critical care resources in the event of an influenza pandemic ( CMAJ 2006;175:1377). The protocol provides guidance for making triage decisions in the initial days to weeks of a flu pandemic if the critical care system becomes overwhelmed. 

The Working Group of the Ontario Provincial Pandemic Plan, which comprises specialists in critical care, infectious diseases, medical ethics, military medicine, triage, and disaster management, was convened by the provincial government of Ontario in December …
Is public health action worth while if many cases are being missed?
Authors: Peter M English
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Harnden et al seem to propose that the incidence of pertussis is grossly underestimated.1 They comment on the low notification rates for pertussis (barely 500 notifications in the past two years, according to the Health Protection Agency2). Forty per cent of children with persistent cough having pertussis infection sounds like a lot but depends on the prevalence …
Deficiency of antibody response to hypervariable region of hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Kentaro Yoshioka, Yasuyuki Higashi, Kazuma Tanaka, Toshiyuki Aiyama, Masahiro Takayanagi, Masahiro Takayanagi, Akihiko Okumura, Kazuo Iwata, Yoshiyuki Nagai, Shinichi Kakumu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
Killer cell Ig-like receptors CD158a and CD158b display a coactivatory function, involving the c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase signaling pathway, when expressed on malignant CD4+ T cells from a patient with Sézary syndrome
Authors: Anne Marie-Cardine, Delphine Huet, Nicolas Ortonne, Natacha Remtoula, Sabine Le Gouvello, Martine Bagot, Armand Bensussan
Journal: Blood (2007)
Sleep-disordered Respiration in Phenotypically Normotensive, Genetically Hypertensive Rats
Authors: DAVID W. CARLEY, KATHLEEN BERECEK, ALEKSANDAR VIDENOVIC, MIODRAG RADULOVACKI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Increased prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders has been reported in patients with essential hypertension and we have described disordered breathing in spontaneously hypertensive rats, an animal model of genetic hypertension. The mechanisms coupling hypertension to respiratory dysfunction during sleep remain, however, largely unknown. To determine if sleep-related respiratory disorder reflects cardiovascular derangement or, alternatively, represents an independent phenotype in hypertensive rats, we polygraphically recorded groups (n = 10) of genetically hypertensive, genetically normotensive, and phenotypically normotensive rats carrying a genetic background for hypertension. Apnea index was elevated more than 15-fold during NREM sleep in both animal groups carrying hypertension-related genes (p < 0.0001 for each) versus normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. During REM sleep, a genetic background for hypertension was associated with an increased apnea index of at least 500% versus normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (p < 0.0001 for each comparison). Still, overall mean respiratory rate, minute ventilation, and sleep architecture were equivalent among all animal groups. As expected, blood pressure and heart period were similar in both normotensive groups but elevated in the hypertensive animals. Persistent sleep-related breathing disorder despite effective cardiovascular normalization in the phenotypically normotensive but genetically hypertensive rats suggests that disordered breathing represents a genetically determined phenotype in these animals that is not secondary to the cardiovascular derangements. The model system described here may provide a powerful tool for investigation of the determinants of sleep-related breathing disorder.
Outcome of emergency ERCP in the intensive care unit
Authors: A. Saleem, C. Gostout, B. Petersen, M. Topazian, O. Gajic, T. Baron
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

There are limited data on the outcome of emergency endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) performed in the intensive care unit (ICU). We sought to assess the frequency, indications, and clinical outcomes of ERCPs performed in ICU patients who were too unstable to be transported to the endoscopy unit. An electronic endoscopy database was used to identify the patients (n = 22) and to assess procedural success, complications, and mortality. The indications for ERCP included suspected biliary sepsis, suspected gallstone pancreatitis, and known choledocholithiasis with cholangitis. Biliary cannulation, which was attempted in all patients, was successful in 19 patients (86 %), and of these 18 (95 %) underwent a technically successful endoscopic therapy. There were no apparent endoscopic complications. Therefore, emergency bedside ERCP in ICU patients, which is primarily performed for the management of suspected biliary sepsis and gallstone pancreatitis, can achieve high technical success rates when performed by experienced endoscopists, although the 30-day mortality rate remains high due to multiorgan dysfunction.
A Gene Expression Signature of Genetic Instability in Colon Cancer
Authors: Craig P. Giacomini, Suet Yi Leung, Xin Chen, Siu Tsan Yuen, Young H. Kim, Eric Bair, Jonathan R. Pollack
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Genetic instability plays a central role in the development and progression of human cancer. Two major classes of genetic instability, microsatellite instability (MSI) and chromosome instability (microsatellite stable; MSS), are best understood in the context of colon cancer, where MSI tumors represent ∼15% of cases, and compared with MSS tumors, more often arise in the proximal colon and display favorable clinical outcome. To further explore molecular differences, we profiled gene expression in a set of 18 colon cancer cell lines using cDNA microarrays representing ∼21,000 different genes. Supervised analysis identified a robust expression signature distinguishing MSI and MSS samples. As few as eight genes predicted with high accuracy the underlying genetic instability in the original and in three independent sample sets, comprising 13 colon cancer cell lines, 61 colorectal tumors, and 87 gastric tumors. Notably, the MSI signature was retained despite genetically correcting the underlying instability, suggesting the signature reflects a legacy of the tumor having arisen from MSI, rather than sensing the ongoing state of MSI. Our findings support a model in which MSI and MSS preferentially target different genes and pathways in cancer. Further, among the MSI signature genes, our findings implicate a role of elevated metallothionein expression in the clinical behavior of MSI cancers.
Medicine at Yale: The First 200 Years
Authors: Christopher Hamlin
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System for myelofibrosis predicts outcomes after hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Bart L. Scott, Ted A. Gooley, Mohamed L. Sorror, Andrew R. Rezvani, Michael L. Linenberger, Jonathan Grim, Brenda M. Sandmaier, David Myerson, Thomas R. Chauncey, Rainer Storb, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Jerald P. Radich, Frederick R. Appelbaum, H. Joachim Deeg
Journal: Blood (2012)
Population-Based Assessment of Determining Treatments for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Karim Chamie, Stephen B. Williams, Jim C. Hu
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Many men with indolent prostate cancer often opt for radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy treatment for their disease. These men may experience considerable detriments of quality of life owing to sexual, urinary, and/or rectal toxic effects associated with these treatments. Without a better understanding of the mutable agents and predictors of treatment types, diffusion of expectant management among these men will be slow. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine population-based predictors for treatment and use of watchful waiting or active surveillance for indolent prostate cancer. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> We used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare linked data. A total of 37 621 men in the general community diagnosed as having prostate cancer from 2004 to 2007 were followed until December 31, 2009. <h3>Exposures</h3> Watchful waiting or active surveillance, radiation therapy, or radical prostatectomy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> We used mixed-effects logistic regression analysis to determine the factors associated with aggressive treatment and use of watchful waiting or active surveillance for men with prostate cancer. <h3>Results</h3> The most common treatment type is radiation therapy (57.9% [95% CI, 57.4%-58.4%]), followed by radical prostatectomy (19.1% [95% CI, 18.7%-19.5%]) and watchful waiting or active surveillance (9.6% [95% CI, 9.3%-9.9%]). Moreover, patients and providers significantly integrate age (odds ratio [OR], 0.32 [95% CI, 0.29–0.35]) and comorbidities (OR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.56–0.68]) when determining radical prostatectomy, while regional variation (OR, 0.57 [95% CI, 0.47–0.68]) and referral patterns (OR, 44.46 [95% CI, 41.04–48.17]) influence the use of radiation therapy. Patient demographics and tumor characteristics significantly account for 40% of patients undergoing prostatectomy, 12% choosing watchful waiting or active surveillance, and only 3% undergoing radiotherapy. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> There is increased use of radiotherapy among patients with indolent prostate cancer with limited to no correlation with tumor biology. Active surveillance was underused, and a significant proportion of the variance was unexplained. Further research into qualitatively describing the contributing factors that drive decision-making recommendations for prostate cancer patients is needed.
58 FINAL RESULTS – RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED SAFETY, ANTI-VIRAL PROOF-OF-CONCEPT STUDY OF MIRAVIRSEN, AN OLIGONUCLEOTIDE TARGETING MIR-122, IN TREATMENT-NAIVE PATIENTS WITH GENOTYPE 1 CHRONIC HCV INFECTION
Authors: H.W. Reesink, H.L.A. Janssen, S. Zeuzem, E. Lawitz, M. Rodriguez-Torres, K. Patel, A. Chen, C. Davis, B. King, A. Levin, M.R. Hodges
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Genome partitioning of genetic variation for complex traits using common SNPs
Authors: Jian Yang, Teri A Manolio, Louis R Pasquale, Eric Boerwinkle, Neil Caporaso, Julie M Cunningham, Mariza de Andrade, Bjarke Feenstra, Eleanor Feingold, M Geoffrey Hayes, William G Hill, Maria Teresa Landi, Alvaro Alonso, Guillaume Lettre, Peng Lin, Hua Ling, William Lowe, Rasika A Mathias, Mads Melbye, Elizabeth Pugh, Marilyn C Cornelis, Bruce S Weir, Michael E Goddard, Peter M Visscher
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
A General RNA Motif for Cellular Transfection
Authors: Maria LB Magalhães, Michelle Byrom, Amy Yan, Linsley Kelly, Na Li, Raquel Furtado, Deborah Palliser, Andrew D Ellington, Matthew Levy
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

We have developed a selection scheme to generate nucleic acid sequences that recognize and directly internalize into mammalian cells without the aid of conventional delivery methods. To demonstrate the generality of the technology, two independent selections with different starting pools were performed against distinct target cells. Each selection yielded a single highly functional sequence, both of which folded into a common core structure. This internalization signal can be adapted for use as a general purpose reagent for transfection into a wide variety of cell types including primary cells. We have developed a selection scheme to generate nucleic acid sequences that recognize and directly internalize into mammalian cells without the aid of conventional delivery methods. To demonstrate the generality of the technology, two independent selections with different starting pools were performed against distinct target cells. Each selection yielded a single highly functional sequence, both of which folded into a common core structure. This internalization signal can be adapted for use as a general purpose reagent for transfection into a wide variety of cell types including primary cells.
Response to Lachman
Authors: Tim van Gelder
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Lachman claims that the Dynamical Hypothesis (DH) is "untenable." His own position is a version of the "The DH is epistemological, not ontological," objection to the target article, which is dealt with in section R2.3 of my original response (van Gelder 1998r). Additional objections are that the coverage of the hypothesis is "vast" and that the DH presupposes we have reached the end point of scientific theorizing. Indeed, the DH is very broad, but it does not presuppose that science has ended; that's why we call it a "hypothesis."
Increased incidence of HFE C282Y mutations in patients with iron overload and hepatocellular carcinoma developed in non-cirrhotic liver
Authors: Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Victor De Ledinghen, Pierre-Henri Bernard, Hubert de Verneuil, Maria Winnock, Brigitte Le Bail, Jacques Carles, Jean Saric, Charles Balabaud, Paulette Bioulac-Sage
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)