tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE HYGIENE OF SCHOOE STUDIES.Read before the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, November 19, 1890.
Authors: D. S. LAMB
Journal: JAMA (1891)

This paper lays no claim to originality. The ground has been repeatedly gone over and worked up. The territory covered by the name "School Hygiene" is large and full of details. I have chosen only the "Hygiene of School Studies." The others are of equal importance; they are all interdependent. The literature is immense, especially that of the last ten years. This inquiry represents the opinion of this country, Canada, Great Britain, France and Belgium; and it is fair to assume can hardly differ from that of other European countries. Herbert Spencer says that success in the world depends on energy rather than information; a policy which crams with information undermines energy and defeats itself. Information rapidly acquired is rapidly lost; and the cramming method unfits the brain for healthy spontaneous work. The<i>acquisition</i>of knowledge is only part; it is the<i>organization</i>of knowledge, requiring time and thought, which
Psoas Abscess Localization by Gallium Scan in Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Martin W. Oster
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Gallium 67 scanning is an effective method of detecting inflammatory lesions, especially abscesses. A 10-year-old boy with aplastic anemia and severe leukopenia and granulocytopenia had a psoas abscess diagnosed by gallium scan. The patient died with<i>Candida</i>sepsis 18 days after bone marrow transplantation. At autopsy, a chronic psoas abscess with<i>Candida</i>was found. The gallium scan offers a clinically effective and noninvasive means of evaluating suspected infection in the granulocytopenic patient. (<i>JAMA</i>232:377-379, 1975)
Signs of Impairment of The Sciatic Nerve
Authors: James A. Nicholas
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The comments by Dr. Whitehill inThe Journal(<b>201</b>:641, 1967) are quite pertinent and important. When one does the toe-rise test on each foot as he describes, not only is the weakness that he is demonstrating produced by sciatica, but the inability to do a single toe-rise can indicate loss of balance due to weakness in any component in the leg or supporting muscles from the hips down. It does not imply compression of the nerve by hyperextension and tension on the nerve so much as weakness. One might add that a second valuable sign of sciatic neuritis, or any form of weakness in the leg, is to compress the knee towards the ground while the patient is sitting, therefore, measuring the strength of hip flexion. Invariably, hip flexion and abduction weakness develops in unilateral sciatica, or for that matter, any type of seemingly distant, unrelated
The Intra-Abdominal Inspection and Biopsy of Lymph Nodes during Peritoneoscopy
Authors: J. Meyer-Burg, U. Ziegler
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

The inspection and biopsy of lymph nodes during peritoneoscopy is demonstrated, particularly with reference to the supra-gastric region. The procedure involves no problems or risks and may give diagnostic hints concerning specific problems such as Hodgkin's disease, metastasis, Crohn's disease.
A Phase I Study of Amrubicin and Fixed Dose of Irinotecan (CPT-11) in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer: Japan Multinational Trial Organization LC0303
Authors: Masaaki Kawahara, Akihito Kubo, Kiyoshi Komuta, Yuka Fujita, Yoshiaki Sasaki, Masanori Fukushima, Takashi Daimon, Kiyoyuki Furuse, Michiaki Mishima, Tadashi Mio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Multidimensional Analysis of Peak Pain Symptoms and Experiences
Authors: Robert Kinsman, Jerald F. Dirks, Jeffrey Wunder, Ronald Carbaugh, Richard Stieg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

Peak pain symptoms and experiences were explored within a group of 243 intractable pain patients seen consecutively at a pain clinic. Using a 5-point scale, patients rated the frequency with which 99 symptom adjectives occurred when their pain was at its worst. Key cluster analysis identified 11 reliable, conceptually clear symptom clusters: Four affective symptom categories, Angry Depression, Diminished Drive, Intropunitive Depression and Anxiety, describing emotional states concomitant with peak pain; two somatic symptom categories, Ecto-Pain and Endo-Pain, describing surface and deep bodily pain, respectively; and five additional symptom categories including Cognitive Dysfunction, Sleep Disturbance, Fatigue, Withdrawal and Disequilibrium. Among the affective symptom clusters, symptoms of Angry Depression were reported to occur frequently by 32% of the patients while only 11% reported the frequent occurrence of Intropunitive Depression. For the somatic symptom clusters, 25 and 52% reported the frequent occurrence of Ecto-Pain and Endo-Pain, respectively. Pain reports measured by Ecto-Pain and Endo-Pain were nearly independent of all other symptom categories. The results suggest that the experiential context of pain differs widely among intractable pain patients. The study derived a Pain Symptom Checklist to measure each symptom cluster as one way to identify coping styles among chronic pain patients.
Late relapses in hodgkin disease
Authors: Jeffrey R. Kanofsky, Harvey M. Golomb, James E. Vardiman, Donald L. Sweet, John E. Ultmann
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Among a cohort of 142 patients with Hodgkin disease (HD), pathologic stages (PS) IA through IVB, 84 remained in complete remission (CR) at least 3 years after the completion of initial protocol therapy. Eight of these patients subsequently developed a recurrence of HD and were defined as having a late relapse. The disease-free interval ranged from 37 to 76 months (median 53 months). Six of the relapse patterns were those of dissemination. All patients were salvaged and are in CR from 14 to 50 months after relapse. The actuarial survival, measured from the time of relapse, of the eight late-relapsing patients was superior to the actuarial survival of 38 patients with early relapse (disease-free interval less than 36 months), but as yet this difference is not statistically significant (P = 0.07, Gehan).
Sports Medicine: Prevention, Evaluation, Management, and Rehabilitation
Authors: Letha Y. Hunter
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Sports Medicine , by Steven Roy and Richard Irvin, consists of four sections preceded by an introduction and followed by an appendix of forms useful in the care of the athlete.  Section 1, The Prevention of Athletic Injuries, is a discussion of the preseason physical examination, sports protection equipment, and the components of an adequate conditioning program. Section 2, The Treatment of Athletic Injuries, includes taping techniques, first aid management of injury, and injury rehabilitation, with an excellent discussion of physical therapy modalities. Section 3, Specific Athletic Injuries and Related Problems, is an in-depth discussion of the athletic injuries of each anatomic area (ie, head and neck, shoulder, and elbow). Each segment begins with a brief review of the anatomy and definition of terms relative to the body segment. Appropriate diagnostic tests are clearly illustrated and rehabilitation and conditioning exercises for injuries of that anatomic area are included. Section 4, Other
Hormone Replacement Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk-Reply
Authors: Ingemar Persson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Epidemiological data on the association between HRT and breast cancer risk still seem contradictory, both when comparing results of studies from within the United States and studies from the United States and Europe.<sup>1-3</sup>Differences in design qualities and in study populations may be important explanations. The comments of Dr Harris and colleagues and Dr Campagnoli and colleagues, however, focus attention on biological mechanisms that might explain why HRT in some circumstances may exert an adverse effect on breast cancer risk. On the basis of subgroup analyses from several studies, Harris et al suggest that, compared with women with normal BMIs, the breast tissue in lean women is exposed to higher concentrations of estrogens, and therefore it may particularly susceptible. It might also be that exogenous hormones have a greater impact in lean women because they have relatively lower endogenous levels before treatment. The breast tissue may be
A new genetic distance with application to constrained variation at microsatellite loci
Authors: L. A. Zhivotovsky
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1999)

Genetic variation at microsatellite loci is supposed to be constrained within some range in allele size. In this case, the average-square distance (delta mu)2 between two diverged populations moves asymptotically around and underestimates the time since the populations had split. A distance based on the between-locus correlation in the mean repeat scores, DR, is introduced. Numerical simulations show that DR is a linear function of time if the constraints are approximated by a linear centripetal force, which might be due to mutation bias toward a definite range or be caused both by directional mutation bias toward larger allele size and by selection against the greater number of repeats.
Functional Aspects of Intrahepatic Hepatitis B Virus-specific T Cells Induced by Therapeutic DNA Vaccination
Authors: Anette Brass, Lars Frelin, David R Milich, Matti Sällberg, Gustaf Ahlén
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Current therapies for the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a major cause of severe liver disease, suppress viral replication but replication rebounds if therapy is withdrawn. It is widely accepted that immune activation is needed to control replication off-therapy. To specifically activate T cells crossreactive between the hepatitis B core and e antigens (HBcAg/HBeAg) in chronically infected patients, we developed a therapeutic vaccine candidate. The vaccine encompass codon-optimized HBcAg and IL-12 expressing plasmids delivered using targeted high-pressure injection combined with in vivo electroporation. One dose of the vaccine primed a B-cell-independent polyfunctional T-cell response, in wild-type, and in HBeAg-transgenic mice with an impaired ability to respond to HBc/eAg. The response peaked at 2 weeks and contracted at week 6 after vaccination. Coadministration of IL-12 improved antibody levels, and T-cell expansion and functionality. The vaccine primed T cells that, 2 weeks after a single dose, cleared hepatocytes transiently expressing HBcAg in vaccinated wild-type and HBeAg-transgenic mice. However, 4 weeks later, these functional responses were lost. Booster doses after 8-12 weeks effectively restored function and expansion of the rapidly contracting T cells. Thus, this vaccine strategy primes functional HBcAg-specific T cells in a host with dysfunctional response to HBV.
[538] THERAPY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN ACTIVE INJECTORS: A NURSE LED CLINIC ALLOWS EFFECTIVE THERAPY AND LEADS TO A REDUCTION IN ILLICIT DRUG USE
Authors: M. Wilkinson, E. Sims, A. Tippett, M. Hekker, J. Dalton, J. Turton, F. Jolly, V. Crawford, R. Marley, G.R. Foster
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Modification of plasmid and bacteriophage DNA by aromatic amines: effects on survival, template activity, and mutagenicity.
Authors: C M King, M S Lee, R F Jones, N Tamura
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of the aromatic amines are believed to depend on their covalent modification of DNA, primarily through the formation of adducts at C8 of guanine. The actual biologic and biochemical responses to these adducts can be envisioned as the consequence of the abilities of the cell to repair the lesions, with or without fidelity, and the introduction of errors through bypass of the adducts by polymerases. A key question is whether changes in DNA sequence arise through the participation of common repair processes that cause mutations independent of adduct structure. Alternatively, do mutations arise through miscoding during polymerase bypass at the site of the adducts and are, therefore, more likely to produce sequence changes that are more characteristic of adduct structure? This question has been approached using single, site-specific, or randomly introduced aromatic amine DNA adducts in bacterial cells, and in vitro studies with DNA polymerases that employ site-specifically modified templates. The results of both approaches demonstrate that these adducts are distinguished readily by virtue of their structures, thus supporting the conclusion that mutagenic effects of the aromatic amines arise from their structures rather than from their triggering a common inaccurate repair response.
Sources of error in recording the blood pressure of patients with hypertension in general practice.
Authors: H R Patterson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Sources of error in recording the blood pressures of patients with hypertension in general practice were examined for 1072 patients over two and a half years. A highly significant preference for terminal digit 0 was shown, but terminal digit preference operates in a different manner around important thresholds. Doctors did not adhere consistently to the protocol that they accepted. These sources of bias affect the calculations of mean blood pressure and have considerable implications for decisions about treatment for many patients.
The Crisis in Clinical Cancer Research
Authors: K Antman, L E Schnipper, E Frei
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Clinical cancer research is in jeopardy. Current budgetary constraints on federal support for biomedical research, the escalating costs of health care delivery, and the recent refusal of some third-party payers to support the costs of patient care as part of research trials threaten to compromise clinical investigations that might lead to progress in the treatment of cancer.This situation has arisen despite advances over the past four decades that have led to curative therapy for childhood leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cancer of the testis, and many solid tumors in children. Clinical research has also substantially reduced mortality among premenopausal . . .
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis Treated with Oral Phenoxymethylpenicillin
Authors: G. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1958)

PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY mml!y=u. 122112 years.X-ray examination of the elbow showed epi- physial development of.a child of 10 years or over, with all epiphyses present and well formed (Fig. 5).The sella turcica was normal.with no erosion of the clinoid process.Fio. 5.-Left: Radiograph of elbow (Case 2) at Ia3 showing dli ppyses present ad we formed-bone age therefore 10+ years.~4Right: Elbow of normal 3-year-old girl for comparison.The mother was given a full explanation of the child's condition, and it was stressed that she must not be allowed to think of herself as being in any way abnormal, but just capable of growing up more quickly than other little girb of her age.Sumary Two cases of constitutional cerebral precocious puberty are described, of girls aged 3 and 5 years.The clnical and biochemical investigations are described and emphasis is placed on the need for accurate diagnosis.In this group of precocious puberty there is no need for endocrine or surgical treatment, but there is a need for explanation and possible psychological treatment.I thank Dr. W. 0. Scott Harden, of-the Cumberland Infirmary, for the x-ray filns and Dr. J. Steven Faulds for photographs of them and of the children described, nd also for his helpful
Results of Surgical Treatment of Varicose Veins
Authors: Giorgio Agrifoglio
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The relative advantages of different procedures in treating varicose veins were assessed in a study of the late results in 416 patients. More than half were followed up for 7 to 14 years. Although the location and severity of the varicosities influenced the choice of procedure, it was generally true that the more complete the procedure, the better the result. Previous use of sclerosing injections generally increased the difficulty of subsequent surgery. Treatment was most satisfactory when based on exact diagnosis in the absence of complications from previous injections or surgery, and with correction of abnormal reflux by division and stripping of the great saphenous vein, plus additional attack upon the lesser saphenous and the communicating veins when indicated.
Behind the Monitor—The Trouble With Telemetry
Authors: Stephanie Chen, Sammy Zakaria
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The "Perfected" Urethroscope
Authors: W. K. Otis
Journal: BMJ (1892)

A NEW IURETHROSCOPE.txI, 1231 and such a lotion is unsuitable for the particular bacillus with which they are infested. EXTENSION OF SUPPURATION OF THE MIDDLE EAR.The significance of suppuration in the middle ear is at once apparent when we consider that the tympanic cavity has on its inner side the labyrinth, below it the jugular vein, aboveit cerebral dura mater, and, posteriorly, openings into the mas- toid process, and that the only safe outlet for pus, except by perforation of the membrana tympani, is through the Eus- tachian tube, through which, however, it finds its way with extreme rarity.When, owing to chronic suppurative otitis, caries of the tympanic walls is set up, pus, if it penetrates upwards, causes meningitis or abscess of the brain, if downwards septic thrombosis of the jugular vein, or pyoemic abscess of the lung, and possibly also of the liver.Again, if it proceeds inwards, the facial nerve and carotid artery are jeopardised.Attacking the mastoid process, pus may occa- sion thrombosis of the lateral sinus, meningitis, or abscess of the cerebellum.Pneumonia, pleurisy, Bright's disease, and amyloid degeneration are among the possible more remote effects of persistent aural suppuration.
Endocytic control of ion channel density as a target for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Gail A. Robertson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Ion channels encoded by the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) give rise to the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr), the perturbation of which causes ventricular arrhythmias associated with inherited and acquired long QT syndrome. Electrolyte imbalances, such as reduced serum K+ levels (hypokalemia), also trigger these potentially fatal arrhythmias. In this issue of the JCI, Guo et al. report that physiological levels of serum K+ are required to maintain normal HERG surface density in HEK 293 cells and IKr in rabbit cardiomyocytes. They found that hypokalemia evoked HERG channel ubiquitination, enhanced internalization via endocytosis, and ultimately degradation at the lysosome, thus identifying unbridled turnover as a mechanism of hypokalemia-induced arrhythmia. But too little channel turnover can also cause disease, as suggested by Kruse et al. in a study also in this issue. The authors identified mutations in TRPM4--a nonselective cation channel--in a large family with progressive familial heart block type I and showed that these mutations prevented channel internalization (see the related articles beginning on pages 2745 and 2737, respectively).
Advanced Cancer of the Breast
Authors: B. A. Stoll
Journal: BMJ (1970)

B JOURNA sister's desk in a state of asphyxia.Unfortu- nately, despite all attempts at resuscitation, he had a cardiac arrest within ten minutes and failed to recover.Necropsy showed marked mediastinal emphysema, with some subcutaneous emphysema at the site of the operation.There was no possible source of this emphysema except from the wound.It seems most likely that the Yates drain allowed air to be aspirated into the wound on inspiration, particularly when the patient was lying in bed, and that expiration blocked the ends of the corrugated tubes, causing a ball-valve effect.This seems a potential risk of Yates drainage tubing which I think needs to be appreciated by all surgeons.-Iam, etc.,
RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE CIRCULATION.
Authors: JOSEPH ERLANGER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The title of this paper is misleading, in that it implies that herein will be found a complete review of all of the advances recently made in the physiology of the circulation. It is hardly necessary to state that it would be ímpossible to read merely the titles of the important contributions within the time allotted to the reading of this paper. I take it that a full review of all contributions is not what is wanted as an introduction to a symposium on circulatory affections, but rather a consideration, more or less complete, of those advances which, in the present state of our knowledge of the subject, seem to elucidate, or to promise to elucidate, problems of interest to the clinician. By way of further limitation it might be suggested that from the border-line subjects a choice be made of those contributions which seem to be the most important.
An event that changed our lives
Authors: Geoffrey Marsh, Patrick Sweeny
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A telephone call during a duty evening in a doctor's sitting room in Stockton-on-Tees in January 1970 was usually a request for a home visit. But this call was from a general practitioner in Ontario inquiring about a six month exchange of practices. Eleven weeks later, we had swapped jobs and, with the support of home based wives, had exchanged cars, children's school places, and pre-booked holidays. Trusted accountants equated the finances. This event gave us a vision of our futures, the ways we wished our practices to progress, and led to lifelong friendship. 

Practising in “renovated” old buildings in Stockton and a converted house in Canada showed that expansion of premises was vital for teamwork, teaching, and research: both practices now have …