tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Aortic-Right Ventricular Fistula of More than Eighteen Months' Duration
Authors: THEODORE T. BRONK, WILLIAM J. MCDERMID, SIMON RODBARD
Journal: Circulation (1959)

A 79-year-old man who developed evidence suggesting an intracardiac shunt survived at least 18 months after its onset. Intracardiac mechanisms that may protect the pulmonary circulation from excessive flows are suggested, based on anatomic findings at necropsy.
Calcified Pulmonary Metastases from Testicular and Ovarian Tumours: A Report of Two Cases with Long Survival
Authors: J. Semple, L. R. West
Journal: Thorax (1955)

Calcification within multiple lung opacities in a radiograph is usually considered strong evidence in favour of a tuberculous aetiology, but it may occur in metastases from an osteogenic sarcoma (Speed, 1943).The following two cases illustrate that similar calcification may occasionally occur in slowly growing or "quiescent" pulmonary metastases from other tumours..
The four and a half LIM-only protein 2 regulates liver homeostasis and contributes to carcinogenesis
Authors: Yann Nouët, Jennifer Dahan, Charlotte Labalette, Florence Levillayer, Boris Julien, Grégory Jouvion, Stefano Cairo, Francina Langa Vives, Agnès Ribeiro, Michel Huerre, Sabine Colnot, Christine Perret, Jeanne Tran Van Nhieu, Thierry Tordjmann, Marie-Annick Buendia, Yu Wei
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Suicide Attempted by Rectal Administration of Drug
Authors: James Corbett
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  The rectal administration of drugs with suicidal intent is bizarre and not frequently considered in the differential diagnosis of coma. This is a report of stupor induced by the rectal administration of isopropyl alcohol.  Report of a Case:—  A 20-year-old white man was admitted to the Rhode Island Hospital emergency room for unresponsiveness. For three months before admission the patient had been increasingly nervous and depressed. His appetite was poor and he had been losing weight. He was unable to maintain steady employment and had briefly attended junior college. Initially the patient was deeply stuporous, arousable but mute. If subjected to painful stimulus he would push the examiner's hand away, turn over in a fetal position, and sleep. Neurologic examination gave entirely normal findings except for brisk oculocephalic reflexes. Blood specimens tested for barbiturates, glutethimide, and salicylates were negative. Vomitus examined at the time contained no evidence
Oxygen Therapy in Respiratory Failure
Authors: J. C. Mithoefer, M.S. Karetzky, G. D. Mead
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE goal of oxygen therapy in respiratory failure should be the correction of hypoxia to a safe level without significant enhancement of respiratory acidosis. Conventional methods of administering oxygen have been modified in attempts to achieve this goal. Recommended technics have included the administration of oxygen at low rates of flow,1,2 intermittent periods of inhalation,3 intermittent hyperventilation4 and the use of special devices for administration of oxygen in predictable concentrations. 1,5 6 7About thirty years ago, Barach1 introduced the concept of "controlled oxygen therapy" by the use of low rates of gas flow and also developed a mask, based on the principle . . .
Adding Na/K citrate to standard hydration reduced CIN in patients having coronary angiography
Authors: Steven Coca
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal Club18 June 2013Adding Na/K citrate to standard hydration reduced CIN in patients having coronary angiographySteven Coca, DO, MSSteven Coca, DO, MSYale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (S.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-12-201306180-02009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMarkota D, Markota I, Starčevic B, et al. Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy with Na/K citrate. Eur Heart J. 2013;Jan 24. [Epub ahead of print.] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23349296Clinical Impact RatingsHospitalists: Cardiology: Nephrology: References1 Zoungas S, Ninomiya T, Huxley R, et al. Systematic review: sodium bicarbonate treatment regimens for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:631-8. [PMID: 19884624] Google Scholar2 Cairns JA, Yusuf S, Cook RJ, et al; CANNeCTIN. Canadian Network and Centre for Trials Internationally (CANNeCTIN): a national network for Canadian-led trials in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Can J Cardiol. 2010;26:353-8. [PMID: 20847960] Google Scholar3 Chertow GM, Palevsky PM, Greene T. Studying the prevention of acute kidney injury: lessons from an 18th-century mathematician. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;1:1124-7. [PMID: 17699335] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (S.C.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 June 2013. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 June 2013Volume 158, Issue 12Page: JC9KeywordsAngiographyBicarbonatesCreatinineRenal failureSodiumTasteUrine ePublished: 18 June 2013 Issue Published: 18 June 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 1658: STAT5b is expressed in human pancreatic cancer and serves as a target for anti-neoplastic therapy
Authors: Sven Arke Lang, Christian Moser, Hedwig Schenk, Petra Ruemmele, Christina Hackl, Edward K. Geissler, Oliver Stoeltzing, Hans J. Schlitt
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The transcription factor STAT5b (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b) is implicated in tumor growth and metastases in various cancer entities including breast and prostate cancer. Activation of STAT5 signaling can be mediated via oncogene mutation (e.g. src kinase), cytokines (e.g. IL-6) and growth factors (e.g. EGF). So far, the role of STAT5b in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (HPAC) has not been elucidated. Hence, HPAC tissue samples were investigated for nuclear STAT5b expression by immunohistochemical staining. Results show that nuclear expression of STAT5b can be detected in 42/80 HPAC tissue samples. Since specific inhibitors of STAT5b are currently not available, a shRNA approach was chosen for stable knock-down in human pancreatic cancer cells (HPAF-II, BxPC-3, L3.6pl). In vitro, no differences regarding tumor growth were detected by MTT assays and cell counts. However, knock-down of STAT5b led to significant reduction of tumor cell motility as determined in Boyden Chamber assays (P&amp;lt;0.05). Furthermore, upon stimulation with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as significant reduction in tumor cell migration was observed (P&amp;lt;0.05). In addition, expression of prometastatic factors Cav-1, MMP-2 and uPAR were impaired upon STAT5b blockade as determined by RT-PCR. In vivo, blockade of STAT5b significantly reduced tumor growth in subcutaneous tumor models (P&amp;lt;0.05). Immunohistochemical analyses of these tumors revealed no differences in tumor cell proliferation (BrdU) whereas vessel area (CD31) was significantly reduced (P&amp;lt;0.05). In conclusion, STAT5b is expressed in almost 50% of HPACs investigated in our study. Since blockade of STAT5b impairs tumor growth and cancer cell motility, this might be an interesting novel target for therapy of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1658. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1658
Six month follow up on a series of patients treated with an electronic brachytherapy technique for intracavitary accelerated partial breast irradiation.
Authors: V Mehta, KL Griem, KL Haile, R Stevens, L Syzek, K Elliott
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5149 Purpose: Phase IV prospective post market study to evaluate the safety and device performance of electronic brachytherapy treatment using the Xoft Axxent System as adjuvant therapy for early stage breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; Methods and Materials: 44 patients were enrolled between April 2007 and March 2008, and 13 patients have completed 6 months of follow up to date. Patients were eligible if they were older than 50 years, had completely resected DCIS (&amp;lt;2.0cm) or invasive ductal carcinoma (&amp;lt;2.0cm), and microscopic surgical margins of at least 1mm. The balloon applicator was placed in a closed cavity and a balloon surface to skin distance of at least 7mm was required for treatment. The radiation treatment (RT) consisted of delivering 3.4 Gy/fraction twice a day for 10 total fractions. The primary endpoint was the successful delivery of the prescribed RT. Secondary endpoint was adverse device related events.&amp;#x2028; Results: Thirteen of the forty-four patients that were enrolled and treated on this study have been followed a minimum of 6 months. The three month follow-up included cosmesis evaluation using the Harvard Cosmesis Scale, and adverse events. The three month cosmesis evaluated by physicians' showed 100% of the patients rated with excellent to good cosmesis. Related adverse events reported through three months included a total of fifteen CTC v3 Grade One AEs. Events included erythema, itching, induration, skin firmness, rash/ desquamation, fatigue. Of these events 90% were resolved. The six month cosmesis physician evaluations showed 82% of the patients had excellent to good cosmesis. Twelve of the 13 patients rated the appearance of their breast, in addition to the physician assessment, and 12 out of 12 rated their appearance good to excellent, one patient did not select any rating. Adverse events reported at six months were a total of three new CTC v3 Grade One. These AEs included occurrences of induration, skin firmness, and hyperpigmentation. A patient satisfaction survey at 6 months follow-up was completed by the patients. Certain survey questions required an answer using a scale of 0-6 for the ratings, where six was the best score. The patients' mean overall rating of satisfaction with the study participation was 5.55 out of 6 (min 3, max 6), satisfied with the radiation treatment was rated 5.54 out of 6 (min 3, max 6). All 13 patients, 100%, stated they would recommend this treatment to a friend.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: This report provides an early look at the experience of using electronic brachytherapy as a means for intracavitary partial breast radiotherapy. The first cohort has reached a minimum of 6 months of follow up and the results appear promising. Additional patient follow up will be presented at the meeting. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5149.
Structure and properties of collagen vitrigel membranes for ocular repair and regeneration applications
Authors: Xiomara Calderón-Colón, Zhiyong Xia, Jennifer L. Breidenich, Daniel G. Mulreany, Qiongyu Guo, Oscar M. Uy, Jason E. Tiffany, David E. Freund, Russell L. McCally, Oliver D. Schein, Jennifer H. Elisseeff, Morgana M. Trexler
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Extrathoracic angiomyolipomas in lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: DE Maziak, S Kesten, DC Rappaport, J Maurer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disorder that affects women and can lead to serious respiratory impairment. Since Bourneville's tuberous sclerosis (TS) was first reported, the striking similarities between the two entities have led many to believe that LAM is a forme fruste of TS. This is suggested by reports that angiomyolipomas, rare tumours in themselves, are reported in 40-80% of TS patients and occur in 15-30% of LAM patients. A retrospective chart review was conducted of 14 patients that presented to our institution with a diagnosis of LAM. We sought to document the clinical manifestations, particularly the incidence and location of extrathoracic tumours, in order to further support the hypothesis that LAM is a forme fruste of TS. Twelve patients had premenopausal onset of symptoms and two postmenopausal. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically (n = 12) and/or by computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax (n = 12). Imaging investigations revealed extrathoracic tumours in 12 of 14 patients (86%). Eight of the 14 patients (57%) had renal tumours consistent with angiomyolipomas (bilateral in five patients). Only one patient had renal symptoms (flank pain and haematuria). All had normal serum creatinine, one had a reduced creatinine clearance. Extrathoracic nonrenal tumours were discovered in the pancreas, adrenals and uterus, findings previously unreported in LAM. In summary, the incidence of extrathoracic tumours in lymphangioleiomyomatosis patients is much higher than previously reported in the literature. This increased association supports the theory that lymphangioleiomyomatosis and tuberous sclerosis represent part of a spectrum of a similar disease process.
Altered regulatory T cell homeostasis in patients with CD4+ lymphopenia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ken-ichi Matsuoka, Haesook T. Kim, Sean McDonough, Gregory Bascug, Ben Warshauer, John Koreth, Corey Cutler, Vincent T. Ho, Edwin P. Alyea, Joseph H. Antin, Robert J. Soiffer, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs have an indispensable role in the maintenance of tolerance after allogeneic HSC transplantation (HSCT). Patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) have fewer circulating Tregs, but the mechanisms that lead to this deficiency of Tregs after HSCT are not known. Here, we analyzed reconstitution of Tregs and conventional CD4+ T cells (Tcons) in patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT after myeloablative conditioning. Following transplant, thymic generation of naive Tregs was markedly impaired, and reconstituting Tregs had a predominantly activated/memory phenotype. In response to CD4+ lymphopenia after HSCT, Tregs underwent higher levels of proliferation than Tcons, but Tregs undergoing homeostatic proliferation also showed increased susceptibility to Fas-mediated apoptosis. Prospective monitoring of CD4+ T cell subsets revealed that Tregs rapidly expanded and achieved normal levels by 9 months after HSCT, but Treg levels subsequently declined in patients with prolonged CD4+ lymphopenia. This resulted in a relative deficiency of Tregs, which was associated with a high incidence of extensive chronic GVHD. These studies indicate that CD4+ lymphopenia is a critical factor in Treg homeostasis and that prolonged imbalance of Treg homeostasis after HSCT can result in loss of tolerance and significant clinical disease manifestations.
Coronary Artery Surgery in New York State
Authors: Alan R. Hartman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.—  We read with great interest the article by Hannan et al. 1 We commend the authors for the attempt to establish a risk stratification method by which hospitals can compare results. Several aspects of the article deserve comments and raise questions.  The basic premise of the method is to define risk-stratified mortality rates. Yet in Table 5 of the Hannan et al article (p 2772), a risk-stratified column was left out, though it was included in a preliminary draft sent to all hospitals in New York State. The risk-adjusted mortality from that preliminary draft for Table 5 is depicted in the Table. The important emphasis of the article lies in the comparison of quality of care given by hospitals, using standardization of mortality rates. Ranking of hospitals by crude mortality rates is not only uninformative, but it is misleading in that it does not take into account
Role of arterial chemoreceptors in mediating the effects of endogenous adenosine on sympathetic nerve activity.
Authors: E D Engelstein, B B Lerman, V K Somers, R F Rea
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Exogenous adenosine has been shown to increase muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), blood pressure, heart rate, and ventilation in conscious humans, effects attributed to peripheral chemoreceptor activation. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine whether endogenous adenosine has similar effects and whether they are mediated through chemoreceptor activation, we examined the effects of dipyridamole, an inhibitor of adenosine reuptake, on sympathetic nerve activity and ventilation. Twenty studies were conducted on separate days in 15 healthy volunteers. We examined responses to dipyridamole 0.56 mg/kg during room air breathing (n = 7), during hyperoxia (100% O2, n = 6), and during room air breathing after pretreatment with aminophylline (n = 7). During room air breathing, dipyridamole increased MSNA from 231 +/- 42 to 504 +/- 136 U/min, heart rate from 65 +/- 3.8 to 96 +/- 4.7 beats per minute, and systolic blood pressure from 129 +/- 3.5 to 140 +/- 4.8 mm Hg; central venous pressure decreased from 5.5 +/- 0.4 to 4.5 +/- 0.3 mm Hg (P &lt; .01), and minute ventilation increased from 7.8 +/- 0.6 to 9.1 +/- 0.5 L/min (P &lt; .01). During peripheral chemoreceptor suppression (with hyperoxia), there was a dissociation of the effects of dipyridamole on ventilation and sympathoexcitation. Effects on ventilation were attenuated, but sympathoexcitatory effects were not. Pretreatment with aminophylline, an adenosine receptor antagonist, either abolished (blood pressure, minute ventilation, and end-tidal CO2) or markedly attenuated (MSNA and heart rate) the effects of dipyridamole during room air breathing. CONCLUSIONS Augmentation of endogenous adenosine with dipyridamole increases sympathetic nerve activity and ventilation in conscious humans. The ventilatory effects of endogenous adenosine are mediated predominantly by chemoreceptor activation, but the sympathetic and hemodynamic responses to endogenous adenosine are probably mediated by an additional afferent mechanism that is independent of peripheral chemoreceptor activation.
NOTES ON TRENCH FOOT
Authors: R. T. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (1917)

<b>Introduction:</b> Apelin-APLNR system is a peptide system with a widerange of physiologic actions, which include inotropism and vasodilatation. It is thought to be dysregulated in various cardiovascular disorders. We have shown that apelin (A) levels increase with exercise in healthy volunteers and in this study wished to examine the effect of exogenous A supplementation on exercise performance. <b>Methods:</b> Normal healthy volunteers were recruited to undertake an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test to establish max workload. Thereafter participants attended for 2 exercise tests at 80% of the max workload and were randomised in a double blinded cross-over design to either (Pyr1)apelin-13 or placebo. Endurance time, peak VO2 and kinetics of the VO2 response were analysed. <b>Results:</b> 11 males (30.18± 8.53 years)participated in the study. Infusion of A during exercise had no impact on endurance time but reduced peak VO2 from 52.4±9.7 to 50.3±10.1 ml/min/kg (A vs placebo; p=0.004) and increased heart rate at 1 min (146±14 vs 141±11; p=0.02) with a similar trend at peak (177±9 vs 171±18; p=0.28). Using the following function the resulting <i>τ</i> for each subject were obtained and compared: <b>V·O2 =A*(1 - e^-T/τ) + b:</b> Infusion of A showed a trend towards faster VO2 kinetics, with <i>τ</i> 104.5 ± 45.5 vs 125 ± 63.8 sec, p=0.06. No difference was seen in blood pressure response. <b>Conclusion:</b> Exogenous apelin in healthy volunteers reduced peak VO2 in an endurance test. We hypothesize that systemic vasodilation and a tachycardic response increased VO2 kinetics but this led to an overall worsening of performance. In a system where apelin is not dysregulated, exercise performance cannot be enhanced with further supplementation.
Coccidioidomycosis Diagnosed From Bone Marrow Smear
Authors: David Wolfson
Journal: JAMA (1991)

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Death after E.C.T.
Authors: J Gomez
Journal: BMJ (1974)

as only two of the children of the inpant group grew at even half he expected velo- city the growth retardsti was coniderable and ih value for x2 was 26X87 (13 D.F., P<0-02).In the outpatient group there was no difference between the observed and ex- peCted height velocities (X2 3-66, 5 D.F.,
Insulin-like growth factor I expression by tumors of neuroectodermal origin with the t(11;22) chromosomal translocation. A potential autocrine growth factor.
Authors: D Yee, R E Favoni, G S Lebovic, F Lombana, D R Powell, C P Reynolds, N Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mRNA by some tumor cell lines of neuroectodermal origin has been described. To further explore the significance of IGF-I mRNA expression in these tumors, a more extensive analysis was performed. Most (9 of 10) neuroectodermal tumor cell lines with a t(11;22) translocation (primitive neuroectodermal tumor [PNET], Ewing's sarcoma, esthesioneuroblastoma) expressed IGF-I mRNA, whereas 0 of 15 cell lines without the translocation (PNET, neuroblastoma) expressed IGF-I. Furthermore, inasmuch as all neuroblastoma (12 of 12) cell lines examined expressed IGF-II RNA, the pattern of IGF expression could distinguish between these closely related tumors. CHP-100, a PNET cell line with the t(11;22) translocation, was shown to secrete both IGF-I protein and an IGF binding protein, IGFBP-2. This cell line also expressed the type I IGF receptor mRNA, and blockade of this receptor by a monoclonal antibody (alpha IR3) inhibited serum-free growth. These data demonstrate that IGF-I expression is a property of neuroectodermal tumors with a t(11;22) translocation and that interruption of an IGF-I autocrine loop inhibits the growth of these tumor cells.
LYMPHOCYTE REACTION TO P.P.D., ANTI-P.P.D. HÆMAGGLUTINATING ANTIBODIES, AND TUBERCULIN CUTANEOUS REACTIVITY IN TUBERCULOUS AND NON-TUBERCULOUS PATIENTS
Authors: M. Ricci, A. Passaleva, M. Ricca, S. Romagnani, E. Bagnoni
Journal: The Lancet (1966)