tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of adverse experiences related to pamidronate infusion in Paget's disease of bone
Authors: H M BUCKLER, S J MERCER, C E DAVISON, S HOLLIS, P C RICHARDSON, D C ANDERSON
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Deep learning models are receiving increasing attention in clinical decision-making, however the lack of explainability impedes their deployment in day-to-day clinical practice. We propose REM, an explainable methodology for extracting rules from deep neural networks and combining them with rules from non-deep learning models. This allows integrating machine learning and reasoning for investigating basic and applied biological research questions. We evaluate the utility of REM in two case studies for the predictive tasks of classifying histological and immunohistochemical breast cancer subtypes from genotype and phenotype data. We demonstrate that REM efficiently extracts accurate, comprehensible rulesets from deep neural networks that can be readily integrated with rulesets obtained from tree-based approaches. REM provides explanation facilities for predictions and enables the clinicians to validate and calibrate the extracted rulesets with their domain knowledge. With these functionalities, REM caters for a novel and direct human-in-the-loop approach in clinical decision-making.
Cold Urticaria and an Oral Contraceptive
Authors: MARK R. BURNS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1983Cold Urticaria and an Oral ContraceptiveMARK R. BURNS, M.D., DONALD R. SCHOCH, M.D., ARTHUR I. GRAYZEL, M.D.MARK R. BURNS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DONALD R. SCHOCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ARTHUR I. GRAYZEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-6-1025_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Cold urticaria is a well-recognized entity of unknown cause occurring in both familial and acquired forms. We describe a case of cold urticaria in which the inciting agent appears to be an oral contraceptive containing 1 mg of norethindrone and 0.035 mg of mestranol. A MEDLINE search failed to show any cases with such an association.A 19-year-old Hispanic woman with a benign medical history began taking the medication in October 1981. The next summer she noted the onset of swelling of the face and extremities after swimming. No episodes of dizziness or fainting occurred. During the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montefiore Medical Center Bronx, NY 10467 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHormonal contraceptives—oralThe diagnosis and management of acute and chronic urticaria: 2014 updateAdverse immunological effects of drugs other than anticance drugs and drugs used in immunologySEX HORMONES AND RELATED DRUGSHormonal contraceptives—oralThe spectrum of acquired and familial cold-induced urticaria/urticaria-like syndromesPhysical urticaria: classification and diagnostic guidelines.Cold-Induced Skin DisordersCold-induced urticaria and angioedema: Diagnosis and managementCold urticaria syndromes: Historical background, diagnostic classification, clinical and laboratory characteristics, pathogenesis, and managementCONTRACEPTION AND THE SKINClinical characteristics of cold-induced systemic reactions in acquired cold urticaria syndromes: Recommendations for prevention of this complication and a proposal for a diagnostic classification of cold urticariaThe Evaluation of Patients with UrticariaSex hormones and related compounds, including oral contraceptives 1 June 1983Volume 98, Issue 6Page: 1025-1026KeywordsHispanic peopleInflammationOral contraceptive therapySwimmingSyncopeUrticaria Issue Published: 1 June 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
P364Cardioprotective signaling in preconditioned and hypertrophied heart
Authors: A Portnychenko, T Lapikova-Bryginska, M Vasylenko, V Portnichenko, O Moibenko
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Despite the fact that myocardial preconditioning investigations led to an explanation of the many defense mechanisms in the heart, it remains unclear how they function in the hypertrophied myocardium. Methods: In male Wistar rats aged 6 months, hypertrophy of left heart ventricle was induced by isoproterenol (5 mg/kg, 7 days). For hypertrophy of right ventricle, rats were acclimated to high altitude hypoxia (2100 m a.s.l.). Delayed cardioprotection was induced by preconditioning with whole body hypoxia séance (10% O2, 3 h). Dynamic changes in protein expression in left and right ventricles were examined by Western blotting. Results: In control animals, preconditioning up to 3-5 days increased the expression of Akt kinase and its phosphorylation, expression of down-stream enzyme eNOS, as well as its scaffold-proteins caveolin-3, and dystrophin. In the right ventricle, cardioprotective effects manifested earlier and stronger, than in left one. In isoproterenol-treated rats, expression and phosphorylation of Akt were 1,6-2,2-fold enhanced only in left ventricle in association with its hypertrophic response up to 7 days. In 5-7 days, expression and activation of anti-hypertrophic kinase GSK-3beta, and caveolin-3 was stimulated in both ventricles. After 7 days, adverse depletion of dystrophin expression was found. Under the chronic hypoxic conditions, dystrophin and GSK-3beta expression was decreased in the hypertrophied right ventricle. However, expression of Akt kinase was 1.4-fold increased in the right ventricle, and 6,2-fold - in the left one. In response to preconditioning, induction of Akt was diminished, but induction of GSK-3beta was twofold intensified, than in rats without hypertrophy. Dystrophin demonstrated deferred and depressed induction in hypertrophic myocardium. Conclusions: Delayed cardioprotection induced by hypoxic preconditioning mediates by up-regulation of Akt/eNOS way, which may be supported by dystrophin/caveolin-3-formed signalosomes in cardiomyocytes. Left or right ventricle hypertrophy associates with enhanced expression of proliferative Akt kinase, but is accompanied with reduction of Akt-mediated cytoprotective response. Instead, the cellular response is shifted to GSK-3beta-mediated anti-hypertrophic reaction or apoptosis. Maintenance of scaffold-protein protective response in hypertrophied myocardium is limited, especially by dystrophin. The results demonstrate significant changes of cardioprotective response in hypertrophied heart based on rebuilding of signal ways including expression of signal proteins and its spatial and functional regulation.
Marketplace Medicine: The Rise of the For-Profit Hospital Chains
Authors: William R. Fifer
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Ten years ago Paul Starr electrified the medical profession and the hospital industry by creating his Pulitzer Prize— winning book<i>The Social Transformation of American Medicine</i>. Three years ago Rosemary Stevens wrote a scholarly, historic treatise,<i>In Sickness and in Wealth</i>, which described American hospitals in the 20th century. Now comes Dave Lindorff's book on the rise of for-profit hospital chains. The current work is no more kindly in its treatment of this vast segment of the hospital industry than were its predecessors. <i>Marketplace Medicine</i>is more like pop journalism than the scholarly works it follows, as illustrated by chapter titles such as "Physicians in Corporate Hospitals: Doctors Faust, Patients Last?" and "Buying Respect: The Corporation Goes to Med Schools." Nonetheless, the author has done considerable research on the subject and writes a well-documented attack on for-profit (they prefer to be called "investor-owned") hospitals. The book characterizes the rise of
Phospholipid content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in granite workers with silicosis in Quebec.
Authors: R Begin, O Lesur, T Bouhadiba, L Guojian, P Larivee, B Melloni, M Martel, A Cantin
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND--Some of the prominent features of silicosis are hyperplasia and hypertrophy of epithelial type II cells, which in experimental animals are often accompanied by accumulation of phospholipids in the lung. METHODS--The total phospholipid content of lung lavage fluid and its composition in 28 granite stone cutters with long term exposure to silica dust (23 with radiological silicosis) was compared with that of lavage fluid in 15 normal volunteers, 15 patients with untreated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and 19 patients with untreated stage 2 or 3 sarcoidosis. All lavage fluid was obtained at the time of first pulmonary investigation, which also included lung function tests. RESULTS--In the normal subjects total phospholipid content was 1.13 (0.16) micrograms phosphorus/ml of lung lavage, in the patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 0.52 (0.07) microgram/ml (p &lt; 0.05), and in the patients with sarcoidosis 1.02 (0.20) microgram/ml composition being in the range reported in humans. In the patients with silicosis total phospholipid content was significantly decreased to an average of 0.46 (0.08) microgram/ml compared with the findings in normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis. Within the group exposed to silica changes in total phospholipid content did not correlate with the severity of the radiographic disease, changes in lung function, the cellularity of lung lavage fluid, or hyaluronate concentrations. The secretory capacity of rat epithelial type II cells was not significantly different when cultured with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from all four groups of subjects. CONCLUSIONS--Total phospholipid content in lung lavage fluid was significantly reduced in granite workers with radiological evidence of lung disease, but showed no correlation with radiological or functional markers of disease severity.
Brain Tumor Stem Cells: Bringing Order to the Chaos of Brain Cancer
Authors: Peter B. Dirks
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Brain tumors are generally incurable cancers. Work from a number of laboratories strongly suggests that they are organized as a hierarchy based on a subset of cancer cells that have stem-cell properties. These cells have now been shown to be resistant to conventional therapy and responsive to differentiation therapy. New in vitro and in vivo models for interrogating brain tumor cells in stem-cell conditions have been developed that provide important new opportunities for elucidating the key pathways responsible for driving the proliferation of these cells. Continued application of the principles of stem-cell biology to the study of brain cancers is likely to continue to bring further important insight into these aggressive cancers, bringing new treatments and understanding of the origins.
Anatomie des Fosses Nasales et des Cavites Annexes
Authors: V. E. Negus
Journal: BMJ (1965)

the end of each.References are scarce, and annotated fully in the text for convenience.This work will be an invaluable reference manual for those studying congenital heart disease, especially cardiologists, radiologists, cardiac surgeons, and pathologists, all of whom will have every cause to be grateful to the authors for their exceptionally fine effort.
A piece of my mind. Jailhouse blues
Authors: J. E. Paris
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of immunologic tests in the diagnosis of occupational asthma and rhinitis
Authors: L. Räsänen, P. Kuusisto, M. Penttilä, M. Nieminen, J. Savolainen, M. Lehto
Journal: Allergy (1994)

In this study, three immunologic tests, skin prick test, RAST, and basophil histamine‐release test (BHRT), were compared by provocation in the diagnosis of occupational asthma and rhinitis. Twenty‐three positive bronchial or nasal challenges were performed on 16 patients (six farmers, six bakery workers, and four food industry workers) and asthma or rhinitis was diagnosed as caused by cereal flour or grain, cow epithelium, storage mites, garlic, or soy dust. A control group consisted of 12 patients, of whom four (two bakery workers, one food industry worker, and one farmer) were challenge‐negative, and the rest suffered from pollen allergy and seasonal rhinitis and were not challenged. The sensitivity and specificity of the prick test, RAST, BHRT, and a panel of them were as follows: 74 and 89%, 57 and 86%, 78 and 93%, and 91 and 71%, respectively. The overall concordance among these three type I allergy tests or between immunologic tests and challenge was relatively good.
The Weariness of the Self: Diagnosing the History of Depression in the Contemporary Age
Authors: Walter A. Brown
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality among British veterinary surgeons.
Authors: L J Kinlen
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A total of 3440 veterinary surgeons resident in Britain were followed up from 1949-53 until 1975. A roughly twofold increase in mortality from suicide was observed and also a decreased mortality from respiratory diseases. There was no excess of deaths from leukaemia or other cancers as recently reported from the United States and as implied by the hypothesis that veterinary surgeons are unusually exposed to oncogenic viruses.
BRASSIERE DEPIGMENTATION: LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES
Authors: STANLEY S. BLEEHEN, PATRICK HALL-SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— A case is described where marked depigmentation of the skin developed in areas in direct contact with an elasticated brassiere containing Spandex yarn. Patch tests to the constituents of the brassiere and other chemicals were negative. Histological studies with the light and electron microscope were carried out on biopsies from the depigmented skin and from an adjacent control pigmented area. In the depigmented skin there was an almost complete absence of functional melanocytes and melanized melanosomes in the epidermis.



The differential diagnosis of this case is discussed and it is suggested that the persistent depigmentation of the skin that occurred in this case is an isomorphic phenomenon due to friction and pressure from the brassiere in a patient with vitiligo.
Global Clinical Trials: Effective Implementation and Management
Authors: Thomas A. Faunce
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Computerized image analysis for quantitative measurement of vessel diameter from cineangiograms.
Authors: J R Spears, T Sandor, A V Als, M Malagold, J E Markis, W Grossman, J R Serur, S Paulin
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Subjective estimates of the angiographic severity of coronary artery stenoses show variability and inaccuracy. We therefore tested the accuracy of a newly developed computerized image analysis system for quantitating vessel diameter from cineangiograms. Fourteen cylindrical phantoms of known diameter were filled with contrast medium and filmed over a wide range of clinically relevant radiographic conditions in order to develop regression equations that related computer-derived to anatomic diameters. Computer measurements of vessel diameter were unaffected by vessel size, magnification, focal spot size, thickness of scattering medium, kilovolt peak, or location within the radiographic field, but a correction factor was necessary for a small but significant (p less than .01) linear dependence on contrast medium concentration. The accuracy of computerized vessel diameter measurements ranged between +/- 59 and +/- 137 mu for all conditions except for rapid vessel motion and contrast medium concentrations of 50% or less meglumine diatrizoate (Renografin 76), both of which resulted in reduced accuracy as well as in the inability to locate lumen edges of vessels less than 1 mm in diameter.
“Diarrhea” and Malabsorption in the Newborn
Authors: Roger Lester
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

AT times all of us accept the existing order without raising questions about causes and mechanisms. It is a largely ignored but blatant fact that normal newborn infants have five to ten or more semiliquid bowel movements per day. True, this can't be viewed as "abnormal," since a bowel habit present in most infants is normal by definition. Equally true, the infant survives the experience without any overt evidence of adverse sequelae. On the other hand, the pattern is similar to what would be called "diarrhea" in adults, and the difference between the newborn and the adult raises questions about . . .
475 PNPLA3 POLYMORPHISM IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C – IMPACT ON STEATOSIS, FIBROSIS AND TREATMENT RESPONSE
Authors: A.F. Stättermayer, K. Rutter, H. Hofer, T.M. Scherzer, S. Beinhardt, P. Steindl-Munda, F. Wrba, M. Trauner, P. Ferenci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
A CASE of FATAL CEREBRAL HAeMORRHAGE in a YOUNG ADULT
Authors: C. R. Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (1896)

X BEro I773 the chest signs were better, but an obscure papuiar rash was noted over the fronjt of the Vhest, and next day over the legs.Not till August 13th was there a characteristic rash of measles on the face.There were still some twitchings but no vomiting, screaming, or eye symptoms or head pain.The cervical glands, especially the left submaxillary, were enlarged.There was no sore throat, but the gunms being swollen and tender were lanced.Sleep was fair, food was taken, the bowels were open.The child was given some saline with aconite, and once or twice daily phenacetin with bromide.Temperature continued high, 1020 to 1030 or more.The chest symptoms were moderate.On August 15th the temperature was normal for a few hours, but by eveninig it was again 1030 without definite cause.(On this day the only other child, a boy of 8,
Expression and Phosphorylation of the Na-Pump Regulatory Subunit Phospholemman in Heart Failure
Authors: Julie Bossuyt, Xun Ai, J. Randall Moorman, Steven M. Pogwizd, Donald M. Bers
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

Intracellular [Na] is approximately 3 mmol/L higher in heart failure (HF; in our arrhythmogenic rabbit model), and this can profoundly affect cardiac Ca and contractile function via Na/Ca exchange and Na/H exchange. Na/K-ATPase is the primary mechanism of Na extrusion. We examine here in HF rabbits (and human hearts) expression of Na/K-ATPase isoforms and phospholemman (PLM), a putative Na/K-ATPase regulatory subunit that inhibits pump function and is a major cardiac phosphorylation target. Na/K-ATPase alpha1- and alpha2-isoforms were reduced in HF in rabbit ventricular homogenates (by 24%) and isolated myocytes (by 30% and 17%), whereas alpha3 was increased (50%) in homogenates and decreased (52%) in myocytes (P<0.05). Homogenate Na/K-ATPase activity in left ventricle was also decreased in HF. However, we showed previously that Na/K-ATPase characteristics in intact ventricular myocytes were unaltered in HF. To reconcile these findings, we assessed PLM expression, phosphorylation, and association with Na/K-ATPase. PLM coimmunoprecipitated with Na/K-ATPase alpha1 and alpha2 in control and HF rabbit myocytes. PLM expression was reduced in HF by 42% in isolated rabbit left ventricular (LV) myocytes, by 48% in rabbit LV homogenates, and by 24% in human LV homogenate. The fraction of PLM phosphorylated at Ser-68 was increased dramatically in HF. Our results are consistent with a role for PLM analogous to that of phospholamban for SR Ca-ATPase (SERCA): inhibition of Na/K-ATPase function that is relieved on PLM phosphorylation. So reduced Na/K-ATPase expression in HF may be functionally offset by lower inhibition by PLM (because of reduced PLM expression and higher PLM phosphorylation).
Secrecy does not serve us well
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A slow moving, desert dwelling lizard that eats only a few times a year inspired a whole new class of diabetes drugs. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, developed initially from a peptide extracted from the Gila monster’s saliva, are now taken by millions of people around the world. Together with DPP-4 inhibitors, their apparent ability to reduce hyperglycaemia without causing weight gain is an important advance on older off-patent diabetes drugs, and has created a huge new market for the drug industry.

But have clinicians and patients been adequately informed about safety concerns—specifically about possible increases in the risk of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer? A BMJ investigation …