tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STABILITY OF RADIOIODIMATED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES (MoAb) AND THEIR F(ab')2 AND Fab FRAGMENTS IN VITRO
Authors: Gerald L. DeNardo, Sally J. DeNardo, Naoni Miyao, Jo-Sen Peng, Alan L. Epstein, Robert D. Cardiff
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Knowledge of the stability of radioiodinated MoAb and their fragments in vitro is necessary for their practical application and commercialization. Using molecular-sieving (TSK-3000) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE) at 11 and 45 minutes and solid phase immunoreactivity, we have observed the in vitro stability of a B cell lymphoma antibody (Lym-1, IgG2a) and its Fab fragment, and a mammary cancer antibody (B6.01, IgG1) and its F(ab‘)2 fragment. Each species was iodinated (I-125) with chloramine-T (C-T) at one microgram C-T per microgram of MoAb and one atom of iodine per molecule of MoAb, and were stored at 4°C. All four species showed mild degradation by 3 days, but this was only slowly progressive for the whole antibodies up to the final observation time of 21 days. F(ab’)2 more rapidly degraded between 6 and 14 days, and Fab between 3 and 6 days, as well as subsequently. The results by HPLC and CAE were comparable and were confirmed by tests of immunoreactivity. In summary, there was no significant difference in degradation in vitro between an IgG2a and an IgGl antibody iodinated in an identical manner, and these molecules were reasonably stable for 14–21 days at 4°C. Fragments of these MoAb iodinated in an identical manner were less stable, and this seemed to be size-related. This could be a reflection of the relatively greater impact of the addition of an atom of iodine to a smaller species, but more likely reflects an inherently reduced stability of the fragments.
Circulatory Antigen Processing by Mucosal Dendritic Cells Controls CD8+ T Cell Activation
Authors: Sun-Young Chang, Joo-Hye Song, Bayasi Guleng, Carmen Alonso Cotoner, Seiji Arihiro, Yun Zhao, Hao-Sen Chiang, Michael O’Keeffe, Gongxian Liao, Christopher L. Karp, Mi-Na Kweon, Arlene H. Sharpe, Atul Bhan, Cox Terhorst, Hans-Christian Reinecker
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Homozygous Missense N629D hERG (KCNH2) Potassium Channel Mutation Causes Developmental Defects in the Right Ventricle and Its Outflow Tract and Embryonic Lethality
Authors: Guo Qi Teng, Xian Zhao, James P. Lees-Miller, F. Russell Quinn, Pin Li, Derrick E. Rancourt, Barry London, James C. Cross, Henry J. Duff
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Loss-of-function mutations in the human ERG1 potassium channel (hERG1) frequently underlie the long QT2 (LQT2) syndrome. The role of the ERG potassium channel in cardiac development was elaborated in an in vivo model of a homozygous, loss-of-function LQT2 syndrome mutation. The hERG N629D mutation was introduced into the orthologous mouse gene, mERG, by homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells. Intact homozygous embryos showed abrupt cessation of the heart beat. N629D/N629D embryos die in utero by embryonic day 11.5. Their developmental defects include altered looping architecture, poorly developed bulbus cordis, and distorted aortic sac and branchial arches. N629D/N629D myocytes from embryonic day 9.5 embryos manifested complete loss of I Kr function, depolarized resting potential, prolonged action potential duration (LQT), failure to repolarize, and propensity to oscillatory arrhythmias. N629D/N629D myocytes manifest calcium oscillations and increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca +2 content. Although the N629D/N629D protein is synthesized, it is mainly located intracellularly, whereas +/+ mERG protein is mainly in plasmalemma. N629D/N629D embryos show robust apoptosis in craniofacial regions, particularly in the first branchial arch and, to a lesser extent, in the cardiac outflow tract. Because deletion of Hand2 produces apoptosis, in similar regions and with a similar final developmental phenotype, Hand2 expression was evaluated. Robust decrease in Hand2 expression was observed in the secondary heart field in N629D/N629D embryos. In conclusion, loss of I Kr function in N629D/N629D cardiovascular system leads to defects in cardiac ontogeny in the first branchial arch, outflow tract, and the right ventricle.
Hepatitis B and Immune-Complex Disease
Authors: Neil Shusterman, W. Thomas London
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Beginning in the early 1970s, several investigators observed an association of persistent infection with hepatitis B virus with extrahepatic vascular diseases of unknown cause, particularly polyarteritis nodosa1 , 2 (necrotizing vasculitis) and glomerulonephritis.3 In 1977 Levo et al.4 reported such an association with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, a disease characterized clinically by purpura, arthralgia, and weakness, and pathologically by vasculitis. Among 30 patients, 20 had either hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) or both in their serum, and 14 of 19 patients had either or both in cryoprecipitates of their plasma. Particles resembling hepatitis B virus were seen in . . .
Effective use of regional intensive therapy units.
Authors: J A Purdie, S A Ridley, P G Wallace
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To determine the effectiveness of regional intensive therapy units.Retrospective and prospective study of patients transferred to a regional intensive therapy unit over four years.Glasgow regional intensive therapy unit.Severity of illness was assessed at the time of referral to the unit with the acute physiological and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) scoring system. Mortality was calculated.A significant association was found between increasing duration of illness before transfer and mortality, which was independent of the severity of illness. Mortality also varied depending on the referring hospital.When transfer of critically ill patients is required this should be done as early as possible to make best use of the services available. The mortality of patients transferred after 10 days casts doubt on whether further aggressive intensive therapy is appropriate.
Reversible acute on chronic renal failure during captopril treatment.
Authors: D L Verbeelen, S De Boel
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Reversible acute on chronic renal failure during captopril treatment Treatment with captopril controls the blood pressure well in most patients with severe hypertension.Nevertheless, some patients may develop reversible renal insufficiency, especially when there is bilateral renal artery stenosis.1We describe three patients with reversible acute on chronic renal failure in the absence of renal artery stenosis. Case reportsCase 1-A 51 year old man with a long history of analgesic abuse had been treated for hypertension with clonidine.He had stage 1 hypertensive retinopathy.An ultrasonic tomogram and intravenous urogram with rapid sequence films showed bilateral small kidneys with delayed excretion.There was no evidence of renal artery stenosis.Ten days after starting captopril
On the Pathology of Sciatica
Authors: T. Inman
Journal: BMJ (1861)

wlhile describing it, have invariably mapped out the , s + + ,v v + origin, course, or insertion, of one or more of the gluteal vLwrx~rnai e,GnY n t40UISat n. muscles, and with these the " biceps cruris" and the fascia lata are frequently included.The semitendinosus is rarely complained of; but it is by no means uncom- mon to find the outer origin of the gastrocnemius im- ON THE PATHOLOGY OF SCIATICA.plicated wlhen the biceps is affected severely.In these By TI01AS IN3AN,M.D.Lond.,Pbysician to theLiverpool latter cases the tendinouis strtuctures seem to be the Royal Infirmary.chief seat of the suffering.This is conspicuously the case in a patient under my care at the Liverpool Royal I THINK that I shall be expressing the opinion of many Infirnmary, who refers his pain almnost entirely to the thoughtful men, when I say that the pathology of strongest part of the fascia lata, and acknowledges none sciatica is in an unsatisfactory state at the present time. in the course of the nerve.This at once takes sciatica If we turn to Dr. Mayne's Dictionary for the meaning out of the list of pure neuralgias, and approximates it of the word, we fincd it giveai thus :-" Term for a to tllat other class, to which the name myalgia has been #rheunmatic affection of the hip joint"; " applied likewise given.to a neuralgic affection of the sacro-sciatic nerve."If we 2. If we examine those most subject to the (lisease, consult Dr. Copland's Dictionary, wve find no separate we find them to be the old, the gouty, the dyspeptic, article on sciatica, but the complaint is treated of under those of consumptive family, those wlho have been mliuch the head of Sciatic NeuLralgia; and the author remarks: exposed to vicissitudes of temperature, or lhave been re- 4This form of neuralgia was formerly confounded with duced in viaour from any depressing agency.In these all painful affections of the hip and adjoining parts .... individuals we almost always find the muscles flabby, ir-
How men's power over women fuels the HIV epidemic
Authors: G. R. Gupta
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In sub-Saharan Africa 12-13 women are infected by HIV for every 10 men, and the average rate of infection for teenage girls in some countries is five times higher than that for teenage boys.1 Most of these infections occur through unprotected heterosexual interactions. Women are limited in their ability to control these interactions because of their low economic and social status and because of the power that men have over women's sexuality.

Most of the world's women are poor and most of the world's poor are women. Women make up almost two thirds of the world's illiterate people and are often denied property rights or access to credit. They earn 30-40% less than men for the same work, and most of those who are working are employed outside the formal sector in jobs characterised by income insecurity and poor working conditions.2 Women's economic vulnerability and dependence on men increases their vulnerability to HIV by constraining their ability to negotiate the use of a condom, discuss …
Dendritic cells pulsed with RNA encoding allogeneic MHC and antigen induce T cells with superior antitumor activity and higher TCR functional avidity
Authors: Susanne Wilde, Daniel Sommermeyer, Bernhard Frankenberger, Matthias Schiemann, Slavoljub Milosevic, Stefani Spranger, Heike Pohla, Wolfgang Uckert, Dirk H. Busch, Dolores J. Schendel
Journal: Blood (2009)
Impact of the new generation coronary care unit.
Authors: M F O'Rourke, B Walsh, M Fletcher, A Crowley
Journal: BMJ (1976)

A 30-bed coronary care unit with facilities for fluoroscopy, haemodynamic monitoring, mechanical heart assistance, and long-term electrocardiographic monitoring operated at a reasonable cost over five years. Much of the work was entrusted to trained nurses, and there was close consultation with cardiac surgeons over those patients who needed catheterisation or surgery. New procedures greatly reduced the numbers of early deaths from cardiac arrest and cardiac failure but had less influence on late mortality. Hospital mortality for all 3353 patients was 6-8%, and for patients under 65 with definite infarction, who were admitted direct it was 5-7%.
Royal college denies rewriting child protection history
Authors: Patricia Hamilton, Jacqueline Mok
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—We were surprised to read the article by Gornall on the Child Protection Companion , a handbook from the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.1 2 In view of the accusations and the unwarranted reference to Stalin we would have expected to be given the chance to respond at the time.

The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health strongly supports the work of Professors Meadow and Southall. It forms an important part of the evidence on which we base our recommendations for …
Aschheim-Zondek and Hogben Pregnancy Tests Modified and Compared
Authors: F. W. Landgrebe, B. M. Hobson
Journal: BMJ (1949)

During 1948 the new laboratory of the Pregnancy Diagnosis Station of the University of Edinburgh was equipped to carry out the Hogben test.Most of the tests now carried out here are Hogben tests, though a large proportion of Aschheim-Zondek tests are still performed, partly because many practitioners do not send us enough urine. ModificationsDuring this period modifications to both methods have been introduced which have resulted in a more efficient routine and in greater accuracy.There are now enough data available to show that the Hogben test is suitable for routine diagnosis, and that it is more reliable than the Aschheim-Zondek test.The following modifications are those now in use.
Chronic Thrombotic Obstruction of Major Pulmonary Arteries
Authors: KENNETH M. MOSER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Since 1969, 15 patients, ranging in age from 21 to 67 years, with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic thrombotic obstruction of major pulmonary arteries have had pulmonary thromboendarterectomy. Symptoms compatible with embolism antedated surgery for periods of 8 months to 18 years; several alternative diagnoses were maintained for months to years. Only 2 of 15 were treated for the initial embolic episode. All patients had dyspnea on exertion and were in New York Heart Association class III-IV before surgery. Resting arterial hypoxemia was common. Resting preoperative mean pulmonary artery pressures ranged from 25 to 66 mm Hg; pulmonary vascular resistances, 420 to 1869 dynes/sec X cm-5. Partial or complete thromboendarterectomy was possible in patients using cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermia and cardioplegia. All patients showed a fall in pulmonary vascular resistance. All developed some degree of "reperfusion" lung edema and arterial hypoxemia that lasted for a few days to several months. Two patients died during hospitalization. The 13 survivors have been followed for 8 to 144 months (mean, 38.3 months). All patients improved after surgery. One patient died of nonembolic causes; none had recurrent embolism.
TCT-735 Pharmacodynamic Effect of Adjunctive Cilostazol vs. High-dos Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients According to the CYP2C19 Genotype (ACCEL-GENOTYPE) study
Authors: Young-Hoon Jeong, Yongwhi Park, Jin-Sin Koh, Seok-Jae Hwang, Choong Hwan Kwak, Jin-Yong Hwang, Udaya Tantry, Paul Gurbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Wheeze and Diarrhea in the Course of a Viral Respiratory Inception During the Fisrt Two Years of Life are Predictors of Development of Asthma at Ages 6 and 8
Authors: A. Nieto, M. Evans, R. Gangnon, E. Anderson, K. Roberg, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Sildenafil Modulates Hemodynamics and Pulmonary Gas Exchange
Authors: AXEL KLEINSASSER, ALEXANDER LOECKINGER, CHRISTOPH HOERMANN, FRIEDRICH PUEHRINGER, NORBERT MUTZ, GEORG BARTSCH, KARL H. LINDNER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The effects of sildenafil (Viagra) on hemodynamics and pulmonary gas exchange remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate what effect sildenafil had on gas exchange. A total of 24 anesthetized pigs were randomly assigned into four groups of six animals each: Group Low received 25 mg of sildenafil, which is equivalent to half the recommended dose for humans; group Normal received 50 mg; group High received 100 mg; and one group served as control. Inert gas and hemodynamic measurements were performed to define dose-dependent effects of sildenafil on cardiac and pulmonary function. Measurements were taken 30, 60, and 90 min after the administration of sildenafil via gastric tube. All doses of sildenafil caused significant increases in intrapulmonary shunt flow (maximum amplitude, 4.4 +/- 0.3 to 11.9 +/- 0.5%; mean +/- SEM), which was reflected by marked decreases in PaO2. Sildenafil elicited some significant increases in cardiac index (CI) (high dose, 142 +/- 10 to 196 +/- 13 ml x kg(-1), mean +/- SEM). Mean arterial pressure was significantly depressed after the high dose of sildenafil. Pulmonary artery pressure was decreased after high-dose sildenafil (maximum amplitude, 16 +/- 1.6 to 14 +/- 1.8, mean +/- SEM). No significant differences between the three treatment groups were found. Sildenafil represents and orally active substance with phosphodiesterase V inhibitory and cardiac output-increasing actions. PaO2 decrease after 50 and 100 mg of sildenafil was observed in the presence of significant rises in pulmonary shunt flow and CI.
Writing at the Margin: Discourse Between Anthropology and Medicine
Authors: William G. Rothstein
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<i>Writing at the Margin</i>is primarily a collection of revisions of recently published articles, some coauthored, by a distinguished medical anthropologist-psychiatrist. This review will describe only those sections that are relevant to medicine. While medicine is universal in human societies, healing customs and traditions vary widely both among and within societies. According to Kleinman, biomedicine does not accept this multiplicity of healing systems but maintains a "single-minded approach to illness and care," with an almost total emphasis on the physical aspects of disease. To biomedicine "the psychological, social, and moral are only so many superficial layers of epiphenomenal cover that disguise the bedrock of truth, the ultimately natural substance in pathology and therapy." While the biomedical approach has advantages, it fails to incorporate "the patient's experience of suffering," to utilize the "charismatic powers of the healer-patient relationship" or to take advantage of "the therapeutic powers within patients, denying efficacy to
Perspectives of Parents and Caregivers Regarding Timing the Transfer of Responsibilities for Anaphylaxis Recognition and Use of an Epinephrine Auto-Injector From Adults to Children and Teenagers
Authors: Elinor Simons, Scott H. Sicherer, Christopher C. Weiss, F.Estelle R.R. Simons
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Coexistence of Superficial Esophageal Carcinoma and Leiomyoma: Case Report of an Endoscopic Resection
Authors: R. Nagashima, H. Takeda, T. Motoyama, O. Tsukamoto, T. Takahashi
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

A case of a 61 year old man who developed early esophageal cancer on top of a leiomyoma located in the upper third of the esophagus is described. Both lesions were successfully treated by endoscopic resection, without recurrence on short-term-follow-up.
The Nuclear Waste Problem: How to Dispose of the Undisposable?
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

WHAT TO DO with radioactive wastes has become one of the most urgent environmental questions of the age. In recent months, reports of leakage from radioactive dump sites have fingered the Department of Energy (DOE), the US military, and manufacturers of atomic power, both public and private, as nuclear polluters. In early June, Radioactive Waste Campaign, a watchdog group headquartered in New York City, issued an analysis of the problems the DOE has encountered in managing wastes from 19 nuclear-weapons manufacturing plants. It pinpointed violations of state and federal environmental laws dating back four decades, which have produced levels of contamination so high that they may never be cleaned up. The report, unchallenged by the DOE, stated that cleaning up present waste sites would run far in excess of the $100 million the agency had projected. A week later, the House Energy and Commerce Committee's Oversight and Investigations Subcommittee released
THE ANTICOAGULANT AND ANTILYMPHOMA PROPERTIES OF ARSENIC AZOPROTEINS
Authors: J. D. Broome, John G. Kidd
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

Experiments given in this paper have shown that 4-arsonophenylazoproteins possess marked anticoagulant activity both in vivo and in vitro. Mice and rabbits given moderate amounts of the arsenic azoprotein, for example, often bled to death from injuries that proved trivial in control animals, and their blood remained liquid during many hours' postmortem even when left in contact with transected tissues, fibrinolysis having no part in the outcome. So, too, the addition of minute amounts of 4-arsonophenylazoprotein to plasma procured from citrated rabbit or human blood greatly prolonged the time required for clotting after recalcification. Other arsenic-containing compounds,-for example, those in which arsenic See PDF for Structure was joined to amino acids or peptides through the azo linkage, or to proteins through couplings other than the azo linkage,-were largely devoid of anticoagulant and antilymphoma effects. The findings as a whole show clearly that the structural requirements for anticoagulant and antilymphoma effects are: (a) possession of negatively charged arsonic or arsinoso groups, (b) large molecular size (protein), and (c) linkage of arsenic-containing groups to protein through the azo bond. Two acidic azoproteins that were devoid of arsenic,-namely 4-carboxyphenylazoprotein and 4-sulfonophenylazoprotein,-were also found to have marked anticoagulant effects in vitro, but they had no inhibitory action against cells of Lymphoma 6C3HED in vivo, even when they were given to mice in maximum tolerated amounts. The essential part played by arsenic in the antilymphoma activity of arsenic azoproteins was further emphasized by the action of dimercaprol (BAL) in preventing the antilymphoma effects of 4-arsonophenylazoprotein on Lymphoma 6C3HED cells in vivo. In an associated paper the anticoagulant and antilymphoma effects of 4-arsonophenylazoproteins are studied further, and consideration is given to the ways in which these effects may be brought about.
Intensive intravenous regimen for membranous colitis.
Authors: M J Goodman, S C Truelove
Journal: BMJ (1976)

<i>Aim</i>—To test the hypothesis that, because the human papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein represses viral early gene transcription, E2 gene sequence variation or disruption could play a part in the induction of the numerical chromosome abnormalities that have been described in squamous cervical lesions. <i>Methods</i>—The integrity and sequence of the E2 gene from 11 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 3 lesions and 14 invasive squamous cell carcinomas, all of which contained HPV-16, were analysed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The E2 gene was amplified in three overlapping fragments and PCR products sequenced directly. Chromosome abnormalities were identified by interphase cytogenetics using chromosome specific probes for chromosomes 1, 3, 11, 17, 18, and X. <i>Results</i>—E2 gene disruption was present in significantly more invasive carcinomas (eight of 14) than CIN 3 lesions (one of 11) (p = 0.03). No association was found between E2 disruption and the presence of a numerical chromosome abnormality. The E2 gene from the non-disrupted isolates was sequenced and wild-type (n = 5) and variant (n = 11) sequences identified. Variant sequences belonged to European and African classes and contained from one to 15 amino acid substitutions. Although numerical chromosome abnormalities were significantly more frequent in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than CIN 3 (p = 0.04), there was no significant relation between the presence of sequence variation and either histological diagnosis or chromosome abnormality. <i>Conclusions</i>—These data do not support the hypothesis that E2 gene disruption or variation is important in the induction of chromosome imbalance in these lesions. However, there is a relation between E2 gene disruption and the presence of invasive disease.
DOSE-DEPENDENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF CARDIAC GENE THERAPY WITH VEGF-B IN A PRE-CLINICAL MODEL OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Felix J. Woitek, Lorena Zentilin, Marykathryn Hurst, Jeffery C. Powers, Isabel Ottiger, Anna M. Kulczycki, Nicholas E. Hoffmann, Nadja Ring, Amy Lam, Lien P. Ly, Abdelkarim Sabri, Muniswamy Madesh, Steven R. Houser, Mauro Giacca, Fabio A. Recchia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)