tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Origin of the diphtheroid bacteria, mycoplasmas, etc., reported in association with autoimmune condition.
Authors: K A Bisset
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

Origin of the diphtheroid bacteria, mycoplasmas, etc., reported in association with autoimmune conditions SIR, Those of your readers who saw my previous note (Bisset, 1977) on the isolation of a bacterium from the erythrocytes of normal and arthritic subjects may be interested to know how these very slow and lengthy cultural procedures progressed.The final figures gave 30% positive isolations from 200 persons, who were either healthy or suffering from conditions other than arthritis (Bisset and Bartlett, 1978).Early cultures (which in this case means those only a few weeks old) usually consisted of diphtheroid bacilli or the spheroplasts that are fre- quently described as mycoplasmas; the latter were often acid-fast or grew as small, acid-fast rods on subculture.All these forms have proved to be phases in the L-cycle of the sporing bacillus now referred to as BLE (Bacillus licheniformis var.endoparasiticus Benedek).Although the rate of reversion to the fully sporogenous, parent form is very low indeed, in primary cultures or subcultures on ordinary medium, further work in this laboratory shows that it can be greatly increased by the use of known L-form reversion stimulants, which serves to substantiate the relationship of the various phases one to another.These results seem clearly to indicate that most if not all the bacterial forms claimed to be associated with arthritis are forms of a hitherto almost unsuspected cryptoparasite or symbiont of the blood.This includes so-called mycoplasmas, and supporting evidence has recently been provided by Walker and RajBhandary (1978), who have shown by analysis of tRNA sequences, that classical mycoplasmas are related to bacteria of precisely this type.Mutually corroborative evidence from 2 such different sources is much more impressive than either one by itself.Such a conclusion does not by any means imply that these bacteria are disqualified from playing a role in arthritis or other, mainly autoimmune, conditions.They may act as an immunological irritant, and initiate the sort of interaction, proposed with great clarity of detail by Pease (1965), which seems to be in excellent accordance with the known facts.It is worth keeping a record that Dr Pease was also the first to suggest the true identity of the well-known diptheroid bacilli as they occur in arthritis (Pease, 1974).
THE RADICAL CURE OF CERTAIN FORMS OF HERNIA BY A NEW OPERATION.
Authors: REUBEN A. VANCE
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read to the Section of the American Medical Association on Surgery and Anatomy.] The study of nature's method of curing an oblique inguinal hernia, shows there are two important processes at work—one, a band of adventitious tissue about the neck of the sac constantly tending to contract and close the abdominal opening at the inner ring; the other, the return to place of the two layers of transversalis fascia, the separation of which originally permitted the viscera to protrude, and the reunion of which forms a valve strong enough to prevent a recurrence of the hernial protrusion. Both processes must operate if the patient is to be cured. The frequency with which these measures are interfered with by local conditions, explains why so few patients with hernia recover spontaneously. Trusses, by keeping the viscera in place and allowing the structures about the neck to contract, favor the cure of the
Immunological Studies in Ugandan Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: A. Primack, C. L. Vogel, L. F. Barker
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Immunological studies were performed on Ugandan patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to test the hypothesis that the high rate of persistence of hepatitis-associated antigen in these patients is the result of defects in host immune response. The responses to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene sensitization and to a battery of recall skin test antigens were normal, as was the humoral antibody response to tularaemia antigen. Neither hypogammaglobulinaemia nor specific immunoglobulin deficiencies were found. Thus it appears unlikely that generalized defects in host immune responses can account for the high incidence of persistent hepatitis B virus infection found in Ugandan patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Motor-sensory feedback and geometry of visual space: an attempted replication
Authors: John Gyr, Richmond Willey, Adele Henry
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1979)

Abstract This study involved a partial replication of an experiment performed by Held &amp; Rekosh (1963) on the relation between prism-induced changes in visuomotor feedback and shifts in the perception of straightness. The Held &amp; Rekosh study is important because its methodology makes it possible to clearly separate changes in perception due to visuomotor feedback from those due to other perceptual factors. Thus it bears unambiguously on the hypothesis that the neurological processing of sensory input is dependent on the organization of motor activity. The present paper consists of a brief review of theory and experiment on sensorimotor phenomena in perception, followed by a detailed consideration of the Held &amp; Rekosh study and the present replication. For greater effectiveness, Held &amp; Rekosh should have used base-up and base-down prism orientations rather than the base-left and base-right orientations that they employed, but in any case our replication yielded negative results for both base-up and base-right. It is concluded that, given the minimally effective prism orientation and the attentional loads characterizing the Held &amp; Rekosh study, there is need for further experimentation with these two variables. A more drastic suggestion is that there may be a need to confront anew the evidence for sensorimotor processes in perception.
Medical Injury Compensation A Time for Testing New Approaches
Authors: Walter Wadlington
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Despite an improved climate for professional liability insurance, medical injury compensation remains a subject of serious concern. The current tort system has been assailed as too slow, too costly, too complicated, and inconsistent in awards. Some critics assert that it induces overutilization through "defensive" medicine while limiting access by influencing physicians to forgo high-risk procedures or to shift to specialties with less liability exposure. Many medical practitioners also contend that it often stigmatizes physicians unfairly. Legislative reform in the 1970s and 1980s produced changes in the tort system in response to perceived crises arising from the increasing cost and diminishing availability of professional liability insurance. Because of limited understanding about the nature and dimensions of the problems at which they were directed, it was highly conjectural whether those remedies would effect anything close to a cure. Today's situation differs significantly. We now have a significant body of research, and such
CUTANEOUS DISEASES ACCOMPANYING DIABETES.
Authors: M. B. HARTZELL
Journal: JAMA (1901)

In this paper I shall consider those cutaneous diseases which occur with more or less frequency in diabetes, many of which are extremely annoying and painful, others dangerous, contributing in no small measure to the fatal issue of the disease. The recognition of the causal relationship existing between these eruptions and the glycosuria is an absolute prerequisite to the successful treatment of the former; and, as in many instances they are the first noticeable symptoms of diabetes, they also possess distinct value in the diagnosis of this affection. The greater number of them are of an inflammatory character, resembling in a general way the inflammatory diseases of the skin due to other causes, but also presenting certain peculiarities as to location and course, which suggest their etiology. A few are so constantly associated with sugar in the urine that they deserve the name "diabétides," first proposed by Fournier to indicate
Phase II Trial of Mfoliri Plus Bevacizumab as 1st Line Treatment in Elderly Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lambros Vamvakas, Athanasios Karampeazis, Nikolaos Kentepozidis, A Christopoulou, Kostas Kalbakis, Filippos Koinis, Elisavet Papadimitraki, Dora Hatzidaki, Vassilis Georgoulias, John Souglakos
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Listeria Sepsis and Meningitis
Authors: Obinna A. Isiadinso
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Listeria infections is an important cause of sepsis and meningitis in renal transplant patients. Prompt recognition and aggressive therapy are required to control this life-threatening infection. In 1972, one case of listeriosis occurred in a renal transplant recipient in our center; 1974, six more cases were detected within a period of nine months. All seven patients had Listeria sepsis, and three of the seven patients had both sepsis and meningitis. Antibiotic treatment resulted in remarkable improvement in the clinical state of all the patients in this study. Two patients later died of other unrelated causes.
342 Treatment of severe hepatitis C (Metavir fibrosis score = 3 or 4) with peginterferon and ribavirin. Results from a French multicentre randomised controlled study
Authors: A ABERGEL, C BONNY, N MARTINEAU, C HEZODE, V LEROY, K BARANGE, J BRONOWICKI, A TRAN, C HENQUELL, S UGHETTO
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Heavy Particles in Treatment of Acromegaly.
Authors: John H. Lawrence
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Heavy Particles in Treatment of Acromegaly.John H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P., Cornelius A. Tobias, Ph.D., John A. Linfoot, M.D., F.A.C.P., James L. Born, M.D.John H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Cornelius A. Tobias, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, John A. Linfoot, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, James L. Born, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1063_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe successful treatment of acromegaly, a disorder related to hyperfunction of the pituitary gland and first described in 1886 by Marie, is still being sought. Long periods of relief of signs and symptoms are not often achieved, and life expectancy is poor. The relative insensitivity of the pituitary gland to externally delivered radiation has long been known, and the end results of treatment with conventional radiation are relatively unsatisfactory. Surgical hypophysectomy, and also pituitary implants using gold-198 or yttrium-90, have recently been used with considerable success. However, without entering the cranial cavity, we now have developed a method for delivering... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Cornelius A. Tobias, Ph.D.; John A. Linfoot, M.D., F.A.C.P.; James L. Born, M.D.Affiliations: Berkeley, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1063-1063KeywordsAcromegalyLife expectancyPituitary glandSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
ADDITIONAL PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF SUSPECTED OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NON-ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
Authors: Luis Correia, Alexandre C. Souza, Jamile Leal, Maria C. Almeida, Rafael Freitas, Ana P. Bittencourt, J Péricles Esteves
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The Role of Schools in Healthy People 2000-Reply
Authors: J. Michael McGinnis
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —We are grateful to Dr Heeb for emphasizing the importance of school health education to health progress. Schools represent the only public institution that touches nearly every young person in America. Schools have a unique opportunity to affect the lives of children and their families, and when linked in effective partnerships with public and private health care providers, community organizations, and families, schools can help meet the compelling challenges facing children.  A high proportion of preventable morbidity and mortality is caused by behaviors learned by youth and carried into adulthood: tobacco use, alcohol use, drug abuse, unprotected sexual intercourse, poor nutrition, and physical inactivity. Schools can address and help to prevent these behaviors.  There is a growing understanding that children must be healthy and well educated. A significant number of children may be limited in their school performance by health-related problems and unhealthy behaviors. Low educational achievement is
Successful treatment with pimozide of delusional parasitosis
Authors: T.M. REILLY, W.H. JOPLING, A.W. BEARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

An introduction to the concept of delusional parasitosis is presented. The persistent and refractory nature of the condition is emphasized. A case history is described in which a 67-year-old spinster, with classical symptoms of this condition, responded extremely favourably to simply administered pharmacotherapy. The authors allude to five similar patients also treated successfully by the same method. It is suggested that dermatologists might profitably treat this condition without recourse to psychiatric referral, which can often be counter-productive.
MAPK Kinase 3 Is a Tumor Suppressor with Reduced Copy Number in Breast Cancer
Authors: Adam J. MacNeil, Shun-Chang Jiao, Lori A. McEachern, Yong Jun Yang, Amanda Dennis, Haiming Yu, Zhaolin Xu, Jean S. Marshall, Tong-Jun Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Cancers are initiated as a result of changes that occur in the genome. Identification of gains and losses in the structure and expression of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes lies at the root of the understanding of cancer cell biology. Here, we show that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) MKK3 suppresses the growth of breast cancer, in which it varies in copy number. A pervasive loss of MKK3 gene copy number in patients with breast cancer is associated with an impairment of MKK3 expression and protein level in malignant tissues. To assess the functional role of MKK3 in breast cancer, we showed in an animal model that MKK3 activity is required for suppression of tumor growth. Active MKK3 enhanced expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(Cip1/Waf1) and p27(Kip1), leading to increased cell-cycle arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle. Our results reveal the functional significance of MKK3 as a tumor suppressor and improve understanding of the dynamic role of the MAPK pathway in tumor progression.
Letter: More about D and V.
Authors: R J Pinsent
Journal: BMJ (1974)

to the disease factor, to tissue response, and to drug delivery at the target site.May I suggest that the problem is further complicated by that fourth dimension, time?By that I mean the time of administration in relation to the subject's biological rhythm.There is a definite variability in drug utilization according to the phase of the individual diurnal cycle.Plasma levels would therefore be even more helpful if they could be related to the patient's daily rhyth,m.-Iam, etc., KLAUS HEYMANN London W.llMore about D and V SIR,-Acute transient attacks of diarrhoea and vomiting are so common in general practice that it would be surprising if there were no precise figures for their incidence, and it is perhaps a little misleading to suggest (leading article, 5 October, p. 1) that information is lacking on this side of the Atlantic.The symptom complex is not always easy to define, but intestinal infectious disease, including food poisoning, dysentery, enteritis, and diarrhoea, has been notified weekly to the Birmingham Research Unit of the Royal College of General Practitioners since 1965.Data from 40 reporting practices are thus available for examination for seasonal and other trends.Further information on the incidence and prevalence of intestinal infections (I.C.D. 003-009) and acute vomiting and diarrhoea (I.C.D. 7841) is derived from routine analyses of diagnostic indexes maintained in research prac- tices throughout the country.
Cardiac response to exercise in cirrhosis
Authors: R H Wachsberg
Journal: Gut (2002)

Reading the excellent article on the cardiac response to exercise in cirrhosis ( Gut 2001; 49 :268–75), I was surprised that patients without ascites were labelled “preascitic”. The implication is that these are patients have not as yet developed ascites, presumably because their disease is less advanced than in those patients with ascites.

It is well known that many patients with cirrhosis will never develop ascites, regardless of the severity of other sequelae of portal hypertension that have developed or will ultimately develop. This is certainly …
Electroconvulsive therapy: Patients must be confident that evidence of efficacy is compelling
Authors: H L. Relton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—I was a member of the review group that produced the guidelines on electroconvulsive therapy for the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE).1 I have personal experience of the treatment and have spent a large amount of my own time researching (qualitatively) patients' experience of it. With the recent recognition and acknowledgement that patients' expertise in relation to their lived experience is valid, the climate for partnership and inclusive working has improved to the benefit of patients and practitioners (and you may of course be either at different times in life).
Dietary aspects of a health strategy for England.
Authors: S Bingham
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Diet has a key role in the prevention of the major life threatening conditions of middle and later life, especially cardiovascular disease and probably cancer.Its role in the aetiology of diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and dementia is also under investigation.The benefit of a correct diet in preventing constipation, obesity, and dental caries has been proved.All this is in addition to its classic roles in growth, maintaining normal physiological functions, and preventing deficiency diseases such as anaemia, rickets, and pellagra.In cardiovascular disease and cancer alone, conditions which account for over 60% of deaths in the United Kingdom, about 30% of attributable risk can probably be ascribed to diet.With this substantial contribution to health and prevention of disease, it is not surprising that diet is a recurring theme throughout the recent green paper The Health of the Nation.'However, political acceptance of the potential for good, health through food represents a remarkable change of emphasis that should have wide ranging consequences for agri- culture, the food industry, advertising, food science, departments of public health, and ultimately the consumer.
Optic neuritis occurring with anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy
Authors: I. Simsek, H. Erdem, S. Pay, G. Sobaci, A. Dinc
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Various demyelinating disorders have been reported in association with anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) agents. The objective of this study was to review the occurrence, clinical features and outcome of optic neuritis (ON) during treatment with anti-TNFalpha agents.A PubMed search was conducted to identify literature addressing the potential association between anti-TNFalpha agents and ON, following our experience with a patient having rheumatoid arthritis in whom ON developed while being treated with infliximab.15 patients including the case presented here with ON in whom the symptoms developed following TNFalpha antagonist therapy were evaluated. Eight of these patients had received infliximab, five had received etanercept and two patients had received adalimumab. Among them, nine patients experienced complete resolution, and two patients had partial resolution, while four patients continued to have symptoms.Patients being treated with a TNFalpha antagonist should be closely monitored for the development of ophthalmological or neurological signs and symptoms. Furthermore, consideration should be given to avoiding such therapies in patients with a history of demyelinating disease. If clinical evaluation leads to the diagnosis of ON, discontinuation of the medication and institution of steroid treatment should be a priority.
Epidemiology of B27-associated diseases.
Authors: A T Masi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

The epidemiology of HLA-B27-associated syn- dromes is a rapidly expanding field.37' 212, 273, 327 The topic can hardly be surveyed in the limited time avail- able.Nevertheless, certain generalisations may be derived from the available, although incomplete, data and inferences drawn for future directions of study.Ankylosing spondylitis *'Probable' AS (clinical criteria only).
ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM HOUSEHOLD PETS
Authors: D. A. Price
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I was disappointed to read inThe Journal, Dec. 5, 1959, page 1957, the following statements in the article by K. A. Mian, on "Isolation of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli from Household Pets." "It is presumed that, in hospital outbreaks, the infection is brought into the nurseries by an infected mother or nurse who has had contact with some pets and is passed on to the babies" and "The carrier status of household pets lead us to the source of infection in human dwellings." Inasmuch as the author's work did not justify such statments, I asked an authority on<i>E. coli</i>to review the article, and the following paragraphs are quoted from his letter. In my opinion the<i>E. coli</i>strains isolated from the dogs and cats were not shown to be completely identical serologically with the human strains. The presence of the O group antigens alone were
Human Platelet Ca <sup>2+</sup> Mobilization, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Activation, and Experimental Coronary Thrombosis In Vivo in Dogs Are All Inhibited by the Inotropic Agent Amrinone
Authors: J. C. Sill, B. Bertha, I. Berger, C. Uhl, M. Nugent, J. Folts
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Inotropic drugs are often used to treat acute, severe heart failure resulting from acute myocardial infarction and other unstable coronary artery syndromes. However, catecholamine inotropic agents may potentiate coronary thrombosis via a platelet α 2 -adrenergic mechanism, thus exacerbating the original problem. The present studies were designed to determine whether the nonadrenergic inotropic and vasodilator drug amrinone, which elevates platelet cAMP levels, would both inhibit human platelet Ca 2+ mobilization and adhesion molecule expression ex vivo and protect against experimental coronary thrombosis in vivo in dogs. Methods and Results Human platelets in suspension were preincubated with amrinone 2.5 to 15 μg/mL; stimulated with the agonists thrombin 0.1 U/mL, ADP 10 −6 mol/L, or arginine vasopressin 10 −7 mol/L; and studied for Ca 2+ mobilization, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation, and P-selectin expression by fluorescent flow cytometry methods. Experimental coronary thrombosis in vivo was studied in an open-chest dog model with critical coronary artery stenosis and deep vessel wall injury. Results showed that at the cellular level, amrinone inhibited agonist-induced Ca 2+ mobilization and had modest inhibitory effects on adhesion molecule expression. In vivo in dogs, intravenous amrinone 2 mg/kg plus infusion at 20 μg·kg −1 ·min −1 completely abolished coronary thrombosis. Conclusions The fact that amrinone inhibited human platelet activation at the cellular level and protected against experimental coronary thrombosis in vivo in dogs suggests a potentially advantageous antithrombotic action for this inotropic and vasodilator drug.