tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of 1,115 Patients Tested for <i>MET</i> Amplification and Therapy Response in the MD Anderson Phase I Clinic
Authors: Denis L.F. Jardim, Chad Tang, Debora De Melo Gagliato, Gerald S. Falchook, Kenneth Hess, Filip Janku, Siqing Fu, Jennifer J. Wheler, Ralph G. Zinner, Aung Naing, Apostolia M. Tsimberidou, Vijaykumar Holla, Marylin M. Li, Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri, Raja Luthra, Ravi Salgia, Razelle Kurzrock, Funda Meric-Bernstam, David S. Hong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

This study aimed to assess MET amplification among different cancers, association with clinical factors and genetic aberrations and targeted therapy response modifications.From May 2010 to November 2012, samples from patients with advanced tumors referred to the MD Anderson Phase I Clinic were analyzed for MET gene amplification by FISH. Patient demographic, histologic characteristics, molecular characteristics, and outcomes in phase I protocols were compared per MET amplification status.Of 1,115 patients, 29 (2.6%) had MET amplification. The highest prevalence was in adrenal (2 of 13; 15%) and renal (4 of 28; 14%) tumors, followed by gastroesophageal (6%), breast (5%), and ovarian cancers (4%). MET amplification was associated with adenocarcinomas (P = 0.007), high-grade tumors (P = 0.003), more sites of metastasis, higher BRAF mutation, and PTEN loss (all P < 0.05). Median overall survival was 7.23 and 8.62 months for patients with and without a MET amplification, respectively (HR = 1.12; 95% confidence intervals, 0.83-1.85; P = 0.29). Among the 20 patients with MET amplification treated on a phase I protocol, 4 (20%) achieved a partial response with greatest response rate on agents targeting angiogenesis (3 of 6, 50%). No patient treated with a c-MET inhibitor (0 of 7) achieved an objective response.MET amplification was detected in 2.6% of patients with solid tumors and was associated with adenocarcinomas, high-grade histology, and higher metastatic burden. Concomitant alterations in additional pathways (BRAF mutation and PTEN loss) and variable responses on targeted therapies, including c-MET inhibitors, suggest that further studies are needed to target this population.
Contrast echocardiography in single or common ventricle.
Authors: J B Seward, A J Tajik, D J Hagler, D G Ritter
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Common ventricle is a rare congenital anomaly in which the ventricular chamber receives blood from two separate atrioventricular valves or from a common atrioventricular valve. We used contrast echocardiography during cardiac catheterization to confirm ventricular anatomy and to characterize blood flow dynamics in 35 patients with common ventricle. After injections of dye, a cloud of echoes anterior to the mitral valve echo during the rapid inflow phase of ventricular diastole is indirect evidence of common ventricle with two atrioventricular valves. Common ventricle with an outflow chamber is characterized by a smaller ventricular chamber visualized anterior to both atrioventricular valves which opacifies with subsequent ventricular systole. The arrival of all dye posterior to the only recorded atrioventricular valve further established the presence of a single atrioventricular valve. These contrast flow patterns gave greater specificity to the standard M-mode echocardiographic assessment of patients suspected of having common ventricle.
Injury-Related Deaths Among Finnish Children, 1971-2001
Authors: Jari Parkkari, Ville Mattila, Seppo Niemi, Pekka Kannus
Journal: JAMA (2003)

To the Editor: Injuries are a major public health problem worldwide, and are by far the leading cause of death and disability for children from early childhood through adolescence.1-4 We sought to explore temporal trends in the incidence of traumatic death among children in Finland.
No fault compensation for medical accidents under consideration
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The Lord Chancellor, Lord Irvine, is considering reviewing the feasibility of a “no fault” compensation scheme for cases in which medical treatment goes wrong.

Such a scheme, which operates in New Zealand and Sweden, would pay compensation for brain damaged babies and other victims of medical accidents, without the need to mount costly legal action to prove that the doctor was negligent. The move has been recommended by Sir Peter Middleton, former permanent …
The Poor Man’s Store
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Disease Control Outcomes from Analysis of Pooled Individual Patient Data from Five Comparative Randomised Clinical Trials of Degarelix Versus Luteinising Hormone-releasing Hormone Agonists
Authors: Laurence Klotz, Kurt Miller, E. David Crawford, Neal Shore, Bertrand Tombal, Cathrina Karup, Anders Malmberg, Bo-Eric Persson
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Expression of the Regulators Snail, Slug, and Twist in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Birgit Hotz, Marco Arndt, Sonja Dullat, Sarah Bhargava, Heinz-J. Buhr, Hubert G. Hotz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Epithelial to mesenchymal transitions are vital for tumor growth and metastasis. Several inducers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition are transcription factors that repress E-cadherin expression, such as Snail, Slug, and Twist. In this study, we aimed to examine the expression of these transcription factors in pancreatic cancer.The expression of Snail, Slug, and Twist was detected by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Five human pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1, Capan-1, HPAF-2, MiaPaCa-2, and Panc-1) were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR, real-time PCR, and Western blotting. An orthotopic nude mouse model of pancreatic cancer was applied for in vivo experiments.Seventy-eight percent of human pancreatic cancer tissues showed an expression of Snail, and 50% of the patients displayed positive expression of Slug. Twist showed no or only weak expression. Snail expression was higher in undifferentiated cancer cell lines (MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1) than in more differentiated cell lines (Capan-1, HPAF-2, AsPC-1). Expression of Slug was detected in all cell lines with different intensities. Twist was not expressed. After exposure to hypoxia, the Twist gene was activated in all five pancreatic cancer cell lines.The transcription factors Snail and Slug are expressed in pancreatic cancer but not in normal tissue, suggesting a role in the progression of human pancreatic tumors. Twist, activated by hypoxia, may play an important role in the invasive behavior of pancreatic tumors.
The Societal Impact of Single Versus Bilateral Lung Transplantation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Jeffrey C. Munson, Jason D. Christie, Scott D. Halpern
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Bilateral lung transplantation (BLT) improves survival compared with single lung transplantation (SLT) for some individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is unclear which strategy optimally uses this scarce societal resource.
Stimulus-dependent Deacylation of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide by Dendritic Cells
Authors: Mingfang Lu, Mei Zhang, Richard L. Kitchens, Susan Fosmire, Akira Takashima, Robert S. Munford
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

We describe here a previously unrecognized property of dendritic cells (DCs), the ability to deacylate the lipid A moiety of gram-negative bacterial LPSs. Both immature DCs of the XS52 cell line and bone marrow–derived DCs produce acyloxyacyl hydrolase, an enzyme that detoxifies LPS by selectively removing the secondary acyl chains from lipid A. Acyloxyacyl hydrolase expression decreased when DCs were incubated with IL-4, IL-1β, TNFα, and an agonistic CD40 antibody (maturation cocktail), and increased after treatment with LPS, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, or a gram-positive bacterium (Micococcus luteus). Maturation cocktail treatment also diminished, whereas LPS treatment enhanced or maintained the cells' ability to kill Escherichia coli, deacylate LPS, and degrade bacterial protein. Enzymatic deacylation of LPS is an intrinsic, regulated mechanism by which DCs may modulate host responses to this potent bacterial agonist.
Methemoglobinemia Resulting From Absorption of Nitrates
Authors: John C. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Three cases of toxic methemoglobinemia resulted from absorption of nitrate salts through burned skin areas. In addition to the unusual route of intoxication, this report emphasizes the occupational hazard of methemoglobinemia in workers exposed to nitrogen salts and the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of methemoglobinemia should be suspected in any case of cyanosis refractory to oxygen therapy. Appropriate treatment should include oxygen, methylene blue, and exchange transfusion in clinically severe cases. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2869-2871, 1979)
Care of Elderly People with Dementia
Authors: T. Arie
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The principal role of the consultant psychiatrist must be to bestow therapeutic skill on other workers (including general practitioners, social workers, health visitors, and ward nurses).This is not only dictated by arithmetic-it also offers the only hope for prevention.Mr. Bury is right to insist that psychiatry become more effective, but he should be warned not to expect it (or psychiatrists) to become popular; for it deals with the nost unpopular of human feelings.-I am, etc.,
Cell‐Mediated Immunity to <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Serotype 3 in Patients with Thyroid Diseases
Authors: Karine Bech, Ole Clemmensen, Jørgen Hannover Larsen, Steen Thyme, Gunnar Bendixen
Journal: Allergy (1978)

The cellular immunity to Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 3 and crude human thyroid extract in 64 patients with thyroid diseases and 25 controls was studied by the leucocyte migration test. In the patient group as a whole and in patients with Graves' disease and nontoxic diffuse goitre a significantly reduced leucocyte migration towards Yersinia was found when compared with the controls. In controls the migration index was not related to the presence or titre of circulating yersinia antibodies, whereas the migration index of patients with yersinia antibodies was lower than the migration index of patients without yersinia antibodies as well as that of the controls. The leucocyte migration inhibition in two patients with recent yersinosis was normal during the recovery phase. In the presence of thyroid extract leucocyte migration inhibition differed only significantly in Graves' disease. However, a significantly positive correlation between inhibition of migration by thyroid extract and by Yersinia was found, while no correlation could be demonstrated in the controls. The cell-mediated immunity towards Yersinia in thyroid diseases thus demonstrated adds further evidence to the association between Yersinia and thyroid disease.
Colossal Colon Cruises Country
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Colonoscopy results of a French regional FOBT-based colorectal cancer screening program with high compliance
Authors: S. Manfredi, C. Piette, G. Durand, G. Plihon, G. Mallard, J.-F. Bretagne
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

See also: Commentaire de travail de S. Manfredi et al., pp. 422Endoscopy 2008; 40(05): 456-456DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306835
Randomized Phase II Neoadjuvant Comparison Between Letrozole, Anastrozole, and Exemestane for Postmenopausal Women With Estrogen Receptor–Rich Stage 2 to 3 Breast Cancer: Clinical and Biomarker Outcomes and Predictive Value of the Baseline PAM50-Based Intrinsic Subtype—ACOSOG Z1031
Authors: Matthew J. Ellis, Vera J. Suman, Jeremy Hoog, Li Lin, Jacqueline Snider, Aleix Prat, Joel S. Parker, Jingqin Luo, Katherine DeSchryver, D. Craig Allred, Laura J. Esserman, Gary W. Unzeitig, Julie Margenthaler, Gildy V. Babiera, P. Kelly Marcom, Joseph M. Guenther, Mark A. Watson, Marilyn Leitch, Kelly Hunt, John A. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Preoperative aromatase inhibitor (AI) treatment promotes breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. To study this treatment option, responses to three AIs were compared in a randomized phase II neoadjuvant trial designed to select agents for phase III investigations.Three hundred seventy-seven postmenopausal women with clinical stage II to III ER-positive (Allred score 6-8) breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant exemestane, letrozole, or anastrozole. The primary end point was clinical response. Secondary end points included BCS, Ki67 proliferation marker changes, the Preoperative Endocrine Prognostic Index (PEPI), and PAM50-based intrinsic subtype analysis.On the basis of clinical response rates, letrozole and anastrozole were selected for further investigation; however, no other differences in surgical outcome, PEPI score, or Ki67 suppression were detected. The BCS rate for mastectomy-only patients at presentation was 51%. PAM50 analysis identified AI-unresponsive nonluminal subtypes (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 enriched or basal-like) in 3.3% of patients. Clinical response and surgical outcomes were similar in luminal A (LumA) versus luminal B tumors; however, a PEPI of 0 (best prognostic group) was highest in the LumA subset (27.1% v 10.7%; P = .004).Neoadjuvant AI treatment markedly improved surgical outcomes. Ki67 and PEPI data demonstrated that the three agents tested are biologically equivalent and therefore likely to have similar adjuvant activities. LumA tumors were more likely to have favorable biomarker characteristics after treatment; however, occasional paradoxical increases in Ki67 (12% of tumors with > 5% increase after therapy) suggest treatment-resistant cells, present in some LumA tumors, can be detected by post-treatment profiling.
Anti-Fas antibodies induce cytolysis and apoptosis in cultured human mesangial cells
Authors: Silvia González-Cuadrado, María-José López-Armada, Carmen Gómez-Guerrero, Dolores Subirá, Almudena Garcia-Sahuquillo, Arturo Ortiz-Gonzalez, Eric G. Neilson, Jesús Egido, Alberto Ortiz
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Superfecundity. Simpson oration: his problem and ours.
Authors: I Donald
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The poet, John Keats, wrote this in failing health.' In the case of James Simpson one might reflect how much more might he have done had he lived longer than the 59 years of life vouchsafed him. How many more ideas might have sprung from his fertile brain ? Many men, throughout history, achieved greatness because they happened to be in the right place at the right time. Simpson would probably have become great in any epoch so it might be more profitable to compare the problems among which he worked with those of our own day. Hence my choice of the title for this oration.
Suspected Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Type II: Empirical Biliary Sphincterotomy or Manometry-Guided Therapy?
Authors: M. R. Arguedas, J. D. Linder, C. M. Wilcox
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Background and Study Aims: Sphincter of Oddi manometry is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosing sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). Elevated basal sphincter pressures are found in about half of the patients with findings consistent with biliary type II SOD, and most of these patients will symptomatically improve after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Since manometric sphincter evaluation is not widely available, a decision analysis was used to compare the overall costs and outcomes of manometry-directed therapy with "empirical" sphincterotomy in patients with suspected biliary type II SOD. Patients and Methods: A decision analysis model was constructed using a software program. In a hypothetical cohort of 100 patients with suspected type II SOD, the following strategies were evaluated: a) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with manometry followed by biliary sphincterotomy only if an elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure was found; and b) "empirical" biliary sphincterotomy without manometry. Data on the probability of an elevated sphincter of Oddi basal pressure at the time of ERCP in patients with suspected biliary SOD type II, the proportion of patients who improved after biliary sphincterotomy (with and without elevated basal pressures), the proportion of patients who improved without biliary sphincterotomy, complications, and death were obtained from the literature and from our center. The procedural and hospitalization costs represented the average Medicare reimbursement at our institution. The expected overall costs and numbers of patients improving with each strategy were compared. Results: The strategy of ERCP with manometry resulted in total costs of $ 2790 per patient, whereas a strategy of "empirical" biliary sphincterotomy resulted in total costs of $ 2244. In a cohort of 100 patients with suspected SOD, 55 % of patients would be expected to improve if manometry were performed, compared to 60 % of patients improving with "empirical" biliary sphincterotomy. Univariate sensitivity analyses demonstrated that "empirical" biliary sphincterotomy continued to be a cost-saving strategy in comparison with ERCP with manometry as long as the probability of spontaneous improvement in patients with "normal" manometry was less than 41 %, the probability of complications associated with manometry was greater than 6 %, and the probability of complications due to biliary sphincterotomy was less than 19 %. Conclusions: For patients with suspected biliary SOD type II, empirical biliary sphincterotomy performed by experienced endoscopists appears to be cost-saving in comparison with a strategy based on the results of manometry.
Risk of head and neck squamous cell cancer and death in patients with Fanconi anemia who did and did not receive transplants
Authors: Philip S. Rosenberg, Gerard Socié, Blanche P. Alter, Eliane Gluckman
Journal: Blood (2004)

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) is currently the only therapy that can restore normal hematopoiesis in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA). Patients with FA have a high baseline risk of squamous cell cancers (SCCs) of the head, neck, and esophagus, and SCT conditioning may increase SCC incidence. We evaluated the risks of SCC and death in 145 patients with FA in the North American Survey (NAS) cohort who did not receive transplants, and 117 patients with FA in the Hôpital Saint Louis (SLH) cohort who did receive transplants. The age-specific hazard of SCC was 4.4-fold higher in patients who received transplants than in those who did not (P = .003), and SCCs occurred at significantly younger ages in the former (respective medians, 18 and 33 years, P = .004). Survival after SCC was similarly poor in both cohorts (P = .135, median, 13 months). The hazard of SCC increased at a greater than linear rate, to 4.4% per year by age 40 in NAS and 4.7% per year by 10 years after transplant in SLH. In SLH, the hazard of non-SCC death was biphasic, declining significantly (P = .004) from 7.1% per month during the first 6 months after transplant to 0.13% per month (1.6% per year) after the first year. Acute and chronic graft-versus-host diseases were significant SCC risk factors. Adverse event rates in these cohorts provide historical control rates to assess emerging therapies for FA.