tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INTERSTATE QUARANTINE AGAINST POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Carl V. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1946)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The editorial inThe Journal, July 27, regarding interstate quarantine against poliomyelitis did not appear to me to consider adequately the information available at the present time regarding the mode of spread of that disease. The facts recently established were summarized in another editorial inThe Journal, January 19. The statement was made in that summary that "a large body of facts is now available, however, indicating that the disease is passed from person to person by respiratory and oral transfer; these facts have been considerably reinforced by two recent studies of epidemics observed in Chicago and Buffalo." I cannot reconcile your comparison of the present status of our knowledge of poliomyelitis to that of the days of "shot-gun quarantine against yellow fever." Admittedly, our information is inadequate, but it has at least advanced beyond total ignorance. A blanket condemnation of interstate quarantine reveals a lack of
The Physician's Practice
Authors: Alford C. Diller
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This book will provide an introduction to the organizational, financial, and legal aspects of practicing medicine. It is designed for the physician in practice and the physician preparing to enter practice. It is particularly appropriate for primary care physicians who are called on to integrate the clinical and nonclinical aspects of health care for patients and to understand the workings of the health care system. The physician often leads and coordinates a team of other professionals, often in group practice settings. Leadership and management skills and organizational and financial knowlege are required by the physician in practice. This book provides an overview of these subjects that can best be described as introductory. Most of the chapters offer practical information about managing an office practice. The authors review various types of practice opportunities, from solo to health maintenance organizations. Five chapters deal with developing an efficient and effective office practice. These
Permanent Ventricular Pacing—A Review of Nine Years' Experience.
Authors: Thomas A. Preston
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Permanent Ventricular Pacing—A Review of Nine Years' Experience.Thomas A. Preston, M.D., Dennis M. Davidson, B.S., Charles A. Braak, B.A., Richard D. Judge, M.D., F.A.C.P.Thomas A. Preston, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Dennis M. Davidson, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, Charles A. Braak, B.A.Search for more papers by this author, Richard D. Judge, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-821_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA group of 150 patients with permanent ventricular pacers were followed to determine the incidence of myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and congestive heart failure, plus longterm survival statistics. All patients receiving initial implant between 1961 and 1968 were followed prospectively from 1968 to 1970. Clinical records were examined retrospectively to obtain the pacing history plus significant prepacing cardiovascular history. An IBM 360/67 computer was utilized for storage, retrieval, and correlation of the data. The study group is similar to previously reported groups with respect to age, sex, preimplant diagnoses, and implant techniques. Risk factors for, and prevalence of, coronary artery... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 821-821KeywordsComputersCoronary arteriesHeart failureInformation storage and retrievalMedical risk factorsMyocardial infarctionStroke Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gastroscopic Findings in Systemic Mastocytosis
Authors: F. Borda, R. Uribarrena, A. Rivero-Puente
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

We report on the gastroscopic findings in a patient with systemic mastocytosis. It should be noted that the presence of "urticaria-like" lesions in the gastric mucosa is the most characteristic endoscopic picture in this rare disease.
The Endogenous Cell-Fate Factor Dachshund Restrains Prostate Epithelial Cell Migration via Repression of Cytokine Secretion via a CXCL Signaling Module
Authors: Ke Chen, Kongming Wu, Xuanmao Jiao, Liping Wang, Xiaoming Ju, Min Wang, Gabriele Di Sante, Shaohua Xu, Qiong Wang, Kevin Li, Xin Sun, Congwen Xu, Zhiping Li, Mathew C. Casimiro, Adam Ertel, Sankar Addya, Peter A. McCue, Michael P. Lisanti, Chenguang Wang, Richard J. Davis, Graeme Mardon, Richard G. Pestell
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading form of cancer-related death in men. In a subset of prostate cancer patients, increased chemokine signaling IL8 and IL6 correlates with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). IL8 and IL6 are produced by prostate epithelial cells and promote prostate cancer cell invasion; however, the mechanisms restraining prostate epithelial cell cytokine secretion are poorly understood. Herein, the cell-fate determinant factor DACH1 inhibited CRPC tumor growth in mice. Using Dach1fl/fl/Probasin-Cre bitransgenic mice, we show IL8 and IL6 secretion was altered by approximately 1,000-fold by endogenous Dach1. Endogenous Dach1 is shown to serve as a key endogenous restraint to prostate epithelial cell growth and restrains migration via CXCL signaling. DACH1 inhibited expression, transcription, and secretion of the CXCL genes (IL8 and IL6) by binding to their promoter regulatory regions in chromatin. DACH1 is thus a newly defined determinant of benign and malignant prostate epithelium cellular growth, migration, and cytokine abundance in vivo. Cancer Res; 75(10); 1992–2004. ©2015 AACR.
Improvement in Histologic Response But Not Survival in Osteosarcoma Patients Treated With Intensified Chemotherapy: A Randomized Phase III Trial of the European Osteosarcoma Intergroup
Authors: Ian J. Lewis, Marianne A. Nooij, Jeremy Whelan, Matthew R. Sydes, Robert Grimer, Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn, Muhammad A. Memon, Simon Weeden, Barbara M. Uscinska, Martine van Glabbeke, Anne Kirkpatrick, Esther I. Hauben, Alan W. Craft, Antonie H. M. Taminiau
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Previous randomized controlled trials that used the two-drug chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin and doxorubicin as the conventional arm showed no evidence of benefit from an increase in the number of agents or the length of treatment. It was then proposed that survival could be improved by increasing the planned dose intensity of cisplatin and doxorubicin. Previously untreated patients with nonmetastatic, high-grade, central osteosarcoma of an extremity were randomly assigned to Regimen-C (conventional treatment with six 3-week cycles of cisplatin [100 mg/m 2 by 24-hour infusion] and doxorubicin [25 mg/m 2 /day by 4-hour infusion for 3 days]) or to Regimen-DI (intensified treatment with identical total doses of cisplatin and doxorubicin, planned as six 2-week cycles supported by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Surgery was scheduled for week 6 in both arms. Primary and secondary outcome measures were overall and progression-free survival, respectively. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed using standard survival analysis methods. Landmark analyses were performed in patients with known surgical details and centrally reviewed histologic response. All statistical tests were two-sided. Between May 1993 and September 2002, treatment was randomly allocated to 497 eligible patients. Six cycles of chemotherapy were completed by 78% of patients in Regimen-C and 80% of patients in Regimen-DI. The delivered preoperative median dose intensity of cisplatin was 86% in Regimen-C and 111% in Regimen-DI (as the percentage of that planned for the conventional regimen). Postoperative median dose intensity of cisplatin was 82% in Regimen-C and 110% in Regimen-DI (the corresponding figures for doxorubicin dose intensity were similar). Regimen-DI was associated with lower risks of severe leucopenia and neutropenia and higher risks of thrombocytopenia and mucositis. Good histologic response (>90% tumor necrosis) was observed in 36% of Regimen-C patients and 50% of Regimen-DI patients ( P = .003, χ 2 test). There was no evidence of a difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.71 to 1.24; P = .64) or progression-free survival (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.77 to 1.24; P = .83). Landmark analyses showed similar results. Planned intensification of chemotherapy with cisplatin and doxorubicin increased received dose intensity and resulted in a statistically significant increase in favorable histologic response rate, but not in increased progression-free or overall survival. Our results call into question the use of histologic response as a surrogate outcome measure in trials of this disease.
A CASE OF CONGENITAL MYOTONIA
Authors: G. W. BOOT
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Although the subject is outside my specialty, the rarity of the disease and the lack of knowledge concerning it justify me in reporting the following case: <h3>Family History.</h3> —Patient's father is alive and well, active physically and mentally. The mother died of hemorrhage following some abdominal operation, at the age of 28. Father and mother were first cousins. Patient's father married again and none of the children by the second marriage are afflicted with the patient's disorder. The patient's paternal grandfather died at the age of 60 of spinal meningitis, and his paternal grandmother died aged about 35, from causes unknown to the patient. The maternal grandfather is alive and well, though slightly troubled with asthma, and the maternal grandmother died at the age of 55 from causes unknown to the patient. The patient's mother suffered from a disorder similar to his. This is shown by the disinclination she manifested
Sensitivity and Specificity in Silicone Breast Models-Reply
Authors: Suzanne W. Fletcher
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  We agree with Dr Gump that manufactured breast models do not simulate human breast tissue in all ways. Nevertheless, the models we used in our study, developed by Pennypacker and associates, 1,2 did not have a uniform matrix. They were constructed of potting gel and silicon elastomer to simulate the amount of background nodularity found in breast tissue of an average 50-year-old woman. This background material probably accounted for the false-positive detection rate of 0.75 detections per physician in our study. Also, our study did not demonstrate that examination with fingertips (as opposed to pads) was more effective. There were no statistically significant differences between the approaches. We did find that recommended techniques, including using finger pads, were associated with fewer false-positive detections.  It is likely, as Dr Gump implies, that the use of silicone breast models may be more useful in helping physicians improve the sensitivity than
1119-96 Gender differences in the incidence of coronary artery disease in patients with stable angina and positive or negative stress test in daily clinical practice in the year 2002: Results of the ALKK quality control registry
Authors: Joerg Friedrich, Steffen Schneider, Ulrich Tebbe, Michael Weber, Jochen Senges, Uwe Zeymer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Exposure to ionizing radiation during liver transplantation evaluation, waitlist time, and in the postoperative period: A cause for concern
Authors: Ser Yee Lee, Michael A. Mooney, Matthew L. Inra, Krishna Juluru, Alyson N. Fox, Sonja K. Olsen, Robert S. Brown, Jean C. Emond, Daniel Cherqui, Michael D. Kluger
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Substantial evidence has linked ionizing radiation exposure (RE) to oncogenesis. Patients evaluated for transplantation undergo extensive diagnostic imaging and have increased baseline cancer risk factors. The objective was to examine exposure in a cohort of patients undergoing evaluation and liver transplantation. Radiation exposure from all diagnostic examinations and procedures were retrospectively recorded. Radiation exposure is reported in mSv, a standardized measure of the detrimental biologic effect of radiation which allows for population-level comparisons. Seventy-four patients (69% male, mean 57 years) were evaluated, of which 13 of 35 subsequently listed patients were transplanted; an additional 18 previously evaluated patients were also transplanted during 2010. The most common indications were hepatitis C (55%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (30%). The median observation period was 14 months. In all, 1,826 imaging examinations were performed, of which 408 (22%) involved considerable ionizing radiation and were the focus of investigation. Median annualized effective RE was 51 mSv (interquartile range [IQR]: 19,126), with 10% exposed to almost twice the amount of radiation recommended for a 5-year period. Patients with HCC received significantly (P < 0.00001) higher median annualized effective RE than patients without HCC, 137 mSv (IQR: 87,259) versus 32 mSv (IQR: 13,57), respectively. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen (23%) and chest (16%) accounted for the most common exposures, with CT abdomen accounting for 46% of overall cohort RE. Patients undergoing evaluation and liver transplantation at our center are exposed to very high levels of ionizing radiation. Although long-term effects in these patients are yet to be defined, the theoretical increased risk of malignancy must be given its due consideration. Routine use of nonradiation imaging and reconsideration of indications may be preferred and justified in this population.
Endoscopic Cannulation of the Ampulla of Vater
Authors: K. Takagi, S. Ikeda, Y. Nakagawa, K. Kumakura, M. Maruyama, N. Someya, T. Takada, T. Takekoshi, T. Kin
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

We cannulated the ampulla of Vater using a fiberduodenoscope in combination with X-ray television fluoroscopy while the patient was under general anesthesia. We attempted cannulation in 13 cases in which we observed the ampulla of Vater. We succeeded in examining nine of them and contrasted the pancreatic duct and the bile duct. In three of these pancreatography was performed successfully and in the other six we defined both the pancreatic duct and the bile duct. In all of these cases, stones were found in the bileduct system and cannulation of the ampulla of Vater was easily performed. After pancreatography, an increase in serum amylase was noted in five cases, which returned to normal between five and seven days after examination. No incidence of pancreatitis was noted. Thus, we performed a direct X-ray examination of the pancreas by means of endoscopic pancreatography and cholangiography. This enable us to detect cancer of the pancreas in its early stage, which has presented a diagnostic challenge for a long time. Moreover, in the future it is likely that this new technical development will be very helpful in examinations of the pancreas and bile-duct system.
Alimentary, My Dear Doctor: Medical Anecdotes and Humour
Authors: Phillip M. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<i>Alimentary, My Dear Doctor</i>is an anthology about patients with digestive problems and the medical team, headed by a general practitioner, that cares for them. Since gastroenterology is a multidisciplinary field, the book has broad appeal. The publication has an interesting origin. The General Practitioners Writers Association began when two physicians attending a medical seminar discovered that they enjoyed the similar avocation of nonscientific medical writing. Others with similar interests joined the group, but it was not until the editor of<i>The Lancet</i>lent his support that the association was launched. About 3 years from its inception, the association has more than 300 authors from countries around the world. Workshops are held to hone the authors' skills. The offer by Radcliffe Medical Press of a prize for humorous medical writing met with enthusiastic response from the members. Editor Clifford Hawkins selected entries that made him laugh out loud for inclusion
Patient choice modules for summaries of clinical effectiveness: a proposal
Authors: M. Holmes-Rovner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Evidence based health care has become the accepted basis of good clinical practice, and many efforts are being made to implement it. Evidence based patient choice, defined as offering patients research based information and the opportunity to influence decisions about their treatment and care, has yet to achieve the same status. We believe, however, that it is fundamental to high quality patient care.

In our ideal world difficult or controversial healthcare decisions would routinely involve health professionals deliberating with patients about the harms and benefits of all available options, as well as patients' treatment goals and risk tolerance. For key medical decisions, patients and doctors would expect to work through the evidence and decide on a course of action together. Patients who wished to delegate decision making to a doctor or surrogate decision maker would still be given the information that they wanted.

Various strategies may be needed to achieve this widespread implementation of evidence based patient choice. 1 2 In this article we focus on a strategy to improve the accessibility of information resources to support evidence based patient choice. The books, journals, and websites that currently provide evidence based information about the effectiveness of healthcare interventions could provide the infrastructure to support patients' participation in evidence based decision making. These information sources should incorporate consumer focused summaries of relevant research evidence and links or pointers to well designed and tested decision aids for patients. These summaries should be made available to patients before, during, and after consultations. Doctors and health systems could use and distribute them as an adjunct to clinical care. They would also be available to the public generally. The news and information media, patient groups, and others would draw on patient choice summaries to present the benefits and limitations of medical screening and treatment.

### Summary points

Evidence …
The Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Cholestatic Infants
Authors: H. H. F. Derkx, K. Huibregtse, J. A. J. M. Taminiau
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in infants is a serious problem, and one that requires further investigation. Early differentiation between extrahepatic and intrahepatic causes of cholestasis is essential for the proper management of cholestasis in infancy. A successful outcome in patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia is significantly influenced by the age at which the Kasai procedure (hepatoportoenterostomy) is performed. However, extensive diagnostic workup may fail to distinguish definitively between intrahepatic and extrahepatic disease, and exploratory laparotomy and intraoperative cholangiography are sometimes necessary to exclude extrahepatic disease. In the last four years, 20 cholestatic infants were referred to our center in whom no definite diagnosis was possible, despite thorough diagnostic evaluation. In an attempt to increase the accuracy of our diagnostic work-up, we performed ERCP during the anesthetic period planned for liver biopsy. We succeeded in performing ERCP in 18 children (90%); in five of them (28%), patent bile ducts were demonstrated, and unnecessary laparotomy could be avoided. In four patients (22.2%), a stricture of the common bile duct was seen, in three combined with a choledochal cyst. In two patients (11.1%), only the common bile duct and gallbladder were opacified. Five of seven patients in whom only the pancreatic duct was visualized had complete occlusion of the extrahepatic biliary ducts at surgery. The other two patients did not undergo surgery because initially no signs of extrahepatic obstruction were found in their biopsy. One of these patients deteriorated and needed a liver transplant one year later. This patient proved to have extrahepatic biliary atresia. No severe complications of ERCP were observed; only sporadically, a slight elevation of pancreatic enzymes was noted. We advocate this procedure in the workup of infants with unexplained conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Anomalies in the biliary tree can be demonstrated, and when patent bile ducts are found, laparotomy can be avoided.
A technique for studying the structural detail of isolated human corneocytes
Authors: S. P. BARTON, C. S. KING, R. MARKS, S. NICHOLLS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

A technique for the isolation of human stratum corneum cells from any depth within the horny layer is described. Examination of the cells by light, scanning and transmission electron microscope permits a detailed morphological profile of the plasma membrane to be constructed. It is suggested that the technique will be of particular value in determining the effect of chemical agents on the cellular components of the horny layer.
Selecting Patients for Coronary Bypass Grafting
Authors: ALBERT OBERMAN, BRIAN J. MAURER, NICHOLAS T. KOUCHOUKOS, MALCOLM E. TURNER
Journal: Circulation (1974)

EDITORhad no further episodes of tachycardia and has undergone one pulse generator replacement.She continues to conduct through the anomalous pathway with the pacemaker cap- turing only rarely.We do, however, feel committed to life- long replacement of the pacemaker power source since the reliability of the accessory pathway as a permanent A-V con- nection is questionable.Since this first case we have treated 2 other Type A WPW patients in the same manner.One is now 3 years postoperative and another 3 months postoperative.Both are free of their tachycardias.If in future patients an accessory A-V pathway cannot be found and divided, then division of the His bundle with implantation of a permanent demand pacemaker is an acceptable alternate approach to the surgical management of patients with Type A Wolff-Parkinson-White svndrome and re- entrant atrial tachycardias.
Cyclic AMP in Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: D. Vervloet, F. Anfosso, P. Vellieux, J. Charpin
Journal: Allergy (1979)

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was capable of inducing non‐cytotoxic histamine release from human leucocytes. In the presence of deuterium oxide (D 2 O), PHA caused significantly greater histamine release. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP id‐cAMP) could enhance the histamine release in the presence of D 2 O although it was an inhibitor of the release if used alone. However, a β agonist, isoproterenol, which increases intracellular level of cAMP was inhibitory with or without D 2 O. These data ask the question about dual effect of cAMP and suggest the possibility of different pools of cAMP in the target cells.
A PROGRAM FOR QUANTTTATIVE ANALYSIS OF FDG BRAIN STUDIES FOR TEMPORAL LOBE ASYMMETRIES
Authors: B. A. Harkness, F. H. Fahey, S. Martin, C. G. Eades, N. Watson, J. W. Keyes
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Harkness, B. A.; Fahey, F. H.; Martin, S.; Eades, C. G.; Watson, N.; Keyes, J. W. Jr. Author Information
Getting to the Real Issues in Health Care Reform
Authors: Paul B. Ginsburg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

No issue has dominated the health care reform debate as much as whether the U.S. government should offer a health insurance plan to compete with private insurers — the so-called public option. Congress has discussed two approaches to the public option, one of which would have the public plan pay providers at rates close to Medicare rates (generally, substantially below those of private insurers). Opposition by insurers, providers, and the business community, as well as fears that such a payment structure would lead to a single-payer system, has pushed this “robust” public option off the table. Instead, both the House . . .