tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Compromised lymphocytes infiltrate hepatocellular carcinoma: The role of T-regulatory cells
Authors: Esther Unitt, Simon M. Rushbrook, Aileen Marshall, Susan Davies, Paul Gibbs, Lesley S. Morris, Nicholas Coleman, Graeme J. M. Alexander
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options. We propose that local immune responses in patients with HCC are held in check by tumor-infiltrating CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regulatory lymphocytes (T(reg) cells), which suppress the activity and proliferation of effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. The phenotype and cell cycle status of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in HCC were analyzed via immunohistochemistry of sections from patients undergoing surgery for HCC and via flow cytometry of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and TILs isolated from patients with HCC. Circulating and tumor-infiltrating T-cell function and activation status were assessed via proliferation and flow cytometry. More than 96% of TILs were quiescent as measured via Mcm-2 or Ki-67 expression, while less than 10% of CD8(+) T cells expressed perforin or granzyme B. CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) cells comprised 8.7% (1.4-13.8) of TILs and always exceeded the proportion in distant nontumor tissue (2.4% [1.5-5.6]; P = .014). T(reg) cells isolated from HCC suppressed proliferation of autologous circulating CD4(+)CD25(-) cells and perforin expression and proliferation of autologous CD8(+) T cells. The proportion of circulating T(reg) cells in patients with HCC was similar in healthy controls (7.2% [1.2-23.3] and 9.2% [1.6-30.2], respectively), but the proportion of circulating T(reg) cells that were also transforming growth factor beta1(+) was elevated in HCC compared with controls (55.5% [8.2-73.9] and 2.0% [0-4.9], respectively; P = .003). In conclusion, TILs are compromised and contain a subpopulation of suppressive CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T(reg) cells. Functional deletion of tumor-infiltrating T(reg) cells could enhance tumor-specific immunotherapy.
Surveillance of nosocomial infections in dermatology patients in a German university hospital
Authors: M. Dettenkofer, C. Wilson, W. Ebner, J. Norgauer, H. Ruden, F.D. Daschner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are a growing problem in healthcare today. Thus, surveillance of NIs is an important aspect of modern infection control, which aims to improve the quality of care.To identify overall and site-specific NI rates in dermatology patients in a German university hospital.In a prospective study, 1450 patients were surveyed for NIs according to criteria laid down by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Case records were reviewed twice a week, microbiology reports were assessed and the ward staff was consulted.Altogether, 37 NIs were identified in 35 patients, of whom two had two NIs. The overall incidence was 2.5 NIs per 100 patients, and the incidence density was 1.9 NIs per 1000 patient days. Twenty-one patients developed superficial surgical site infections (SSIs). Thirteen of the 21 SSIs occurred after surgical removal of basal cell carcinoma (BCC; 172 in total). This represents an infection rate of 7.6% after surgery for BCC.Our data suggest that routine surveillance in dermatological wards is not accorded a high priority. However, surveillance of SSIs, especially following surgery for BCC, may be indicated.
The Efficacy of Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Individuals
Authors: Th. M. E. Govaert
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To determine the efficacy of influenza vaccination in elderly people.Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Fifteen family practices in the Netherlands during influenza season 1991-1992.A total of 1838 subjects aged 60 years or older, not known as belonging to those high-risk groups in which vaccination was previously given.Purified split-virion vaccine containing A/Singapore/6/86(H1N1), A/Beijing/353/89(H3N2), B/Beijing/1/87, and B/Panama/45/90 (n = 927) or intramuscular placebo containing physiological saline solution (n = 911).Patients presenting with influenzalike illness up to 5 months after vaccination; self-reported influenza in postal questionnaires 10 weeks and 5 months after vaccination; serological influenza (fourfold increase of antibody titer between 3 weeks and 5 months after vaccination).The incidence of serological influenza was 4% in the vaccine group and 9% in the placebo group (relative risk [RR], 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35 to 0.61). The incidences of clinical influenza were 2% and 3%, respectively (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.73). The effect was strongest for the combination of serological and clinical influenza (RR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.74). The effect was less pronounced for self-reported influenza.In the elderly, influenza vaccination may halve the incidence of serological and clinical influenza (in periods of antigenic drift).
Prevention of toxic environmental illness in the twenty-first century.
Authors: P J Landrigan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Previous introductions of new technologies have frequently resulted in unanticipated occupational and environmental illness. Prevention of such illness in the twenty-first century requires stringent application of two fundamental principles of public health: evaluation of new technologies before their introduction, and surveillance of exposed persons after the introduction of new technologies. Failure to establish these basic preventive mechanisms in advance will inevitably result in the development of new toxic diseases in the twenty-first century.
THE MORTALITY OF APPENDICITIS.
Authors: JOHN B. DEAVER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

During the year 1900 there were operated upon at the German Hospital, Philadelphia, 268 cases of appendicitis, of which number 144 were acute attacks of the disease and 124 were chronic. Of those operated upon during the acute stage of the disease, 26, or 17.8 per cent., died, either from the disease or from some intercurrent trouble arising during the illness, or existing prior to the time of operation. One of the patients who had diabetes mellitus, and in whom the existing abscess was simply drained under local anesthesia, died of diabetic coma three days after operation. Another case had advanced phthisis at the time of the operation and died of peritonitis. Still another case developed a post-operative pneumonia, from which he died on the second day following operation. If we deduct these three cases, the mortality of this series of cases is 15.9 per cent. for acute appendicitis without
Does the nervous system use equilibrium-point control to guide single and multiple joint movements?
Authors: E. Bizzi, N. Hogan, F. A. Mussa-Ivaldi, S. Giszter
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1992)

The hypothesis that the central nervous system (CNS) generates movement as a shift of the limb's equilibrium posture has been corroborated experimentally in studies involving single- and multijoint motions. Posture may be controlled through the choice of muscle length-tension curve that set agonist-antagonist torque-angle curves determining an equilibrium position for the limb and the stiffness about the joints. Arm trajectories seem to be generated through a control signal defining a series of equilibrium postures. The equilibrium-point hypothesis drastically simplifies the requisite computations for multijoint movements and mechanical interactions with complex dynamic objects in the environment. Because the neuromuscular system is springlike, the instantaneous difference between the arm's actual position and the equilibrium position specified by the neural activity can generate the requisite torques, avoiding the complex "inverse dynamic" problem of computing the torques at the joints. The hypothesis provides a simple, unified description of posture and movement as well as contact control task performance, in which the limb must exert force stably and do work on objects in the environment. The latter is a surprisingly difficult problem, as robotic experience has shown. The prior evidence for the hypothesis came mainly from psychophysical and behavioral experiments. Our recent work has shown that microstimulation of the frog spinal cord's premotoneural network produces leg movements to various positions in the frog's motor space. The hypothesis can now be investigated in the neurophysiological machinery of the spinal cord.
HUR DEPENDENT REGULATION OF CENTROSOMES
Authors: L. B. Nabors, N. Filippova, X. Yang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND:The RNA-binding protein, HuR is over-expressed in glioma and controls mRNA stabilization and translation in centrosomes.Alterations in HuR phosphorylation promote centrosomal abnormalities.METHODS: Primary and established glioma cell lines were utilized.Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence techniques were used to confirm localization of HuR in the PCM.Immunoprecipitation and kinase assays were used to document HuR interaction with and phosphorylation by SRC and ABL1.RESULTS: HuR association with the pericentriolar matrix (PCM) is growth factor dependent and facilitates centrosome amplification and genomic instability in glioma.The SRC and ABL1 kinases are possible regulators of the HuR association with pericentriolar matrix and phosphorylate HuR.CONCLUSIONS: HuR is involved in the regulation of genomic instability through growth factor and centrosome dependent pathways in glioma.We provide the evidence of HuR regulation by SRC and ABL1 kinases in U251 cells and discuss molecular and cellular consequences of this interaction.
Response of the Nervous System to Ionizing Radiation: Second International Symposium Held at the University of California, Los Angeles
Authors: Pauline M. Cooke
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The 40 papers in this collection, first presented in 1963, have been grouped according to anatomical divisions of the nervous system, and as biochemical, neurophysiological, and behavioral aspects of its function. A discussion completes each of the five sections. Cytological studies include early and late effects of irradiation with a-rays, x-rays, and<sup>60</sup>Co γ-rays; as demonstrated by light and electron microscopy; and some electrophysiological correlates. Techniques for making focal intracranial lesions with high-energy alpha particles are presented. Physiological methods revealed alterations in resting potential of cell membranes after ionizing radiation as well as a differential sensitivity of tissues of various vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species, when exposed in differing physiological states. Changes in sodium permeability of nerve membrane, in synaptic potentials, and in spinal reflexes are reported. Alterations in histochemical reactions, aerobic, anaerobic, and lipid metabolism, enzyme activity and neural excitability, after x-irradiation, are presented, and radioisotope and autoradiographic
Enhancement of Imipramine by Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: Clinical and Theoretical Implications
Authors: ARTHUR J. PRANGE, IAN C. WILSON, ANGELINE KNOX, THOMAS K. McCLANE, MORRIS A. LIPTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Thyroid stimulating hormone, when combined with imipramine, produces a more rapid recovery from depression than does imipramine alone. It seems more potent than triiodothyronine in potentiating imipramine, but dose differences prevent accurate comparison. This hormone has the clinical disadvantage of being long acting and difficult to control. Depressed patients show thyroid indices within the normal range. Serum indices of thyroid state respond normally to TSH injection, but ankle reflex time is not accelerated. Tantalizing clues have appeared, but the mechanism by which thyroid hormones potentiate tricyclic antidepressants remains unknown.
Obesity and the Economy
Authors: David S. Ludwig, Harold A. Pollack
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Delivery of gadolinium-labeled nanoparticles to the sentinel lymph node: Comparison of the sentinel node visualization and estimations of intra-nodal gadolinium concentration by the magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hisataka Kobayashi, Satomi Kawamoto, Marcelino Bernardo, Martin W. Brechbiel, Michael V. Knopp, Peter L. Choyke
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
Monoallelic yet combinatorial expression of variable exons of the protocadherin-α gene cluster in single neurons
Authors: Shigeyuki Esumi, Naoki Kakazu, Yusuke Taguchi, Teruyoshi Hirayama, Ayako Sasaki, Takahiro Hirabayashi, Tsuyoshi Koide, Takashi Kitsukawa, Shun Hamada, Takeshi Yagi
Journal: Nature Genetics (2005)
Early Detection of Neurological Involvement in IDDM and NIDDM: Multimodal Evoked Potentials Versus Metabolic Control
Authors: Giuseppe Pozzessere, Paolo A Rizzo, Elvira Valle, Michele A Mollica, Augusta Meccia, Susanna Morano, Umberto Di Mario, Domenico Andreani, Cristoforo Morocutti
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

Clarification of the extent and mechanisms of damage to the central nervous system in diabetes is a frontier of current neurological research. Our aim was to obtain ample electrophysiological documentation of possible neurological abnormalities in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients with a short duration of disease and without overt complications, taking into account metabolic control. Group 1 comprised 11 IDDM patients, and group 2 included 14 NIDDM patients treated with diet alone; the duration of disease was &amp;lt;4 yr, and no concomitant clinicalcomplications were present. Age and sex-matched normal subjects formed groups 3 and 4. Pattern visual evoked potentials (VEP), brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP; after the stimulation of both median and tibial nerves) were recorded in all subjects, and metabolic control was evaluated in terms of glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin. In group 1, significant abnormalities were found in the latency values ofVEP, median SEP, and tibial SEP compared with control subjects. Similar latency abnormalities were shown in group 2 for VEP, median SEP, and tibial SEP values and for wave I latency of BAEP. Glycosylated hemoglobin values were correlated with BAEP and SEP abnormalities in many patients in both groups. Furthermore, in group 2, glycemic values correlated with SEP abnormalities. We therefore conclude that neurophysiological abnormalities are present at different levels in IDDM and NIDDM patients only a few years after clinical diagnosis and before the appearance of overt complications, and these abnormalities seem to be correlated with metabolic-control status.
Expression of VAMP-2-like protein in kidney collecting duct intracellular vesicles. Colocalization with Aquaporin-2 water channels.
Authors: S Nielsen, D Marples, H Birn, M Mohtashami, N O Dalby, M Trimble, M Knepper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Body water balance is controlled by vasopressin, which regulates Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels in kidney collecting duct cells by vesicular trafficking between intracellular vesicles and the plasma membrane. To examine the molecular apparatus involved in vesicle trafficking and vasopressin regulation of AQP2 in collecting duct cells, we tested if targeting proteins expressed in the synaptic vesicles, namely vesicle-associated membrane proteins 1 and 2 (VAMP1 and 2), are expressed in kidney collecting duct. Immunoblotting revealed specific labeling of VAMP2 (18-kD band) but not VAMP1 in membrane fractions prepared from kidney inner medulla. Controls using preadsorbed antibody or preimmune serum were negative. Bands of identical molecular size were detected in immunoblots of brain membrane vesicles and purified synaptic vesicles. VAMP2 in kidney membranes was cleaved by tetanus toxin, revealing a tetanus toxin-sensitive VAMP homologue. Similarly, tetanus toxin cleaved VAMP2 in synaptic vesicles. In kidney inner medulla, VAMP2 was predominantly expressed in the membrane fraction enriched for intracellular vesicles, with little or no VAMP2 in the plasma membrane enriched fraction. This was confirmed by immunocytochemistry using semithin cryosections, which showed mainly vesicular labeling in collecting duct principal cells, with no labeling of intercalated cells. VAMP2 immunolabeling colocalized with AQP2 labeling in intracellular vesicles, as determined by immunoelectron microscopy after double immunolabeling of isolated vesicles. Quantitative analysis of 1,310 vesicles revealed a highly significant association of both AQP2 and VAMP2 in the same vesicles (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, the presence of AQP2 in vesicles immunoisolated with anti-VAMP2 antibodies was confirmed by immunoblotting. In conclusion, VAMP2, a component of the neuronal SNARE complex, is expressed in vesicles carrying AQP2, suggesting a role in vasopressin-regulated vesicle trafficking of AQP2 water channels.
Letter by MacDonald et al Regarding Article, "Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation"
Authors: Michael R. MacDonald, John J.V. McMurray, Mark C. Petrie
Journal: Circulation (2013)

We read with interest the article by Tung et al. 1 The authors should be congratulated on providing an excellent technical overview of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation.In our opinion, however, the author's comments on the effectiveness of ablation in patients with AF and heart failure (HF) are somewhat overstated: "...ablation has been demonstrated to be effective in patients with congestive HF, particularly in those without established causes."The literature examining the efficacy of catheter ablation for AF in patients with HF is sparse.3][4] These studies enrolled a very heterogeneous group of patients, including some patients without HF, only mild left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, or paroxysmal rather than persistent AF.Although they report that AF ablation can restore and maintain sinus rhythm in patients with LV systolic dysfunction, with subsequent improvement in LV ejection fraction, they are far from definitive.We randomly assigned 41 patients with persistent AF, LV systolic dysfunction (mean LV ejection fraction 17.7%), and symptomatic HF (90% New York Heart Association class III), to receive catheter ablation for AF or continued medical treatment. 5After 9 months, only 50% of the patients remained in sinus rhythm.Ablation did not improve the LV ejection fraction, quality of life, or the level of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide.Furthermore, ablation was associated with a high complication rate.In 27 procedures, there was 1 stroke (representing 4% of patients), 2 episodes of cardiac tamponade (8%), and 1 hospitalization for HF (4%).Although the numbers in our study are small, they provide a striking contrast to previously published data.Based on available evidence, the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation in patients with HF is uncertain.However, as the authors correctly point out, the treatment may have a role in certain selected cases.Randomized trials in selected populations are warranted to establish its efficacy and safety.
Inhibitory effect of tumor cell–derived lactic acid on human T cells
Authors: Karin Fischer, Petra Hoffmann, Simon Voelkl, Norbert Meidenbauer, Julia Ammer, Matthias Edinger, Eva Gottfried, Sabine Schwarz, Gregor Rothe, Sabine Hoves, Kathrin Renner, Birgit Timischl, Andreas Mackensen, Leoni Kunz-Schughart, Reinhard Andreesen, Stefan W. Krause, Marina Kreutz
Journal: Blood (2007)
Permanent Pacing in the Absence of Heart Block
Authors: JOHN H. HORNBAKER, J. O'NEAL HUMPHRIES, RICHARD S. ROSS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Permanent pacemakers are useful in the management of certain patients with arrhythmias in the absence of heart block. Five patients are presented, four of whom obtained a satisfactory response to pacing. Continuous electrocardiographic monitoring by means of a magnetic tape system is useful in diagnosis as well as in the evaluation of the effects of therapy.
Radioiodine Therapy in Graves Disease
Authors: Joseph M. Tibaldi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 April 1995Radioiodine Therapy in Graves DiseaseJoseph M. TibaldiJoseph M. TibaldiSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-7-199504010-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Burch and colleagues [1] creates a dilemma for physicians treating elderly patients with hyperthyroidism. The authors show a temporary elevation in thyroid hormone levels in patients with Graves disease who were pretreated with antithyroid drugs before Iodine-131 was administered. They further conclude that this effect occurs because the antithyroid drugs were withdrawn. The clinical significance of a transient increase in thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels is not addressed, and the physician is led to believe that pretreatment with antithyroid drugs is, in fact, harmful.Several years ago I suggested that all elderly patients with hyperthyroidism, ...References1. Burch HB, Solomon BL, Wartofsky L, Burman KD. Discontinuing antithyroid drug therapy before ablation with radioiodine in Graves disease. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:553-9. Google Scholar2. Tibaldi JM, Barzel US, Albin J, Surks M. Thyrotoxicosis in the very old. Am J Med. 1986; 81:619-22. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1995Volume 122, Issue 7Page: 555KeywordsDrugsElderlyHyperthyroidismThyroid hormonesThyroxineTriiodothyronine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 April 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A VIRUS DISEASE OF CATS, PRINCIPALLY CHARACTERIZED BY ALEUCOCYTOSIS, ENTERIC LESIONS AND THE PRESENCE OF INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSION BODIES
Authors: William D. Hammon, John F. Enders
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1939)

An acute, highly fatal epizootic disease of cats is described, which can be recognized by a fulminating and extreme leucopenia involving all types of white blood cells, aplasia of the bone marrow, including both the granulocytic and the erythrocytic series and occasionally the megakaryocytes, aplasia of lymphoid tissue, and characteristic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the cells of the intestinal mucosa and in certain cells of the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. The infection has been induced in healthy cats by means of bacteria-free filtrates of emulsions of the spleen of infected animals. Collateral evidence supports the conclusion that the disease is due to a virus. The pathogenicity of the infectious agent has proved thus far to be strictly limited to the natural host.