tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Detection and Therapy of Intravascular Clotting During an Outbreak of Meningococcal Disease.
Authors: C. L. Lutcher, L. A. Lindesmith, F. S. Pettyjohn, W. T. Steudel, T. B. Dunkel, J. A. Ionno, E. B. Cooper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Early Detection and Therapy of Intravascular Clotting During an Outbreak of Meningococcal Disease.C. L. Lutcher, M.D., L. A. Lindesmith, M.D., F. S. Pettyjohn, M.D., W. T. Steudel, M.D., T. B. Dunkel, M.D., J. A. Ionno, E. B. Cooper, M.D., F.A.C.P.C. L. Lutcher, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, L. A. Lindesmith, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, F. S. Pettyjohn, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. T. Steudel, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T. B. Dunkel, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. A. IonnoSearch for more papers by this author, E. B. Cooper, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-797_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptForty-seven culture-proven cases of meningococcemia and meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis were recently diagnosed and treated at our institution. Emphasis was placed on the earliest possible detection and treatment of intravascular clotting (IVC). All patients were screened with the protamine test, as described by Kowalski, in addition to a coagulation battery which included prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, fibrinogen, thrombin time, and antihemophilic globulin assay.Thirteen patients had positive protamine tests on admission. Only five, however, had unquestioned IVC. Evidence for IVC in four other patients was equivocal. Four patients had positive protamine tests without further evidence of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Tacoma, Wash. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 797-797KeywordsGlobulinsMeningitisMeningococcal diseaseMeningococcemiaNeisseria meningitidisPartial thromboplastin timePlateletsProtaminesProthrombin timeThrombin Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 5768: Predictive diagnostics from circulating tumor cells
Authors: Siminder K. Atwal, Heidi Savage, Jill Spoerke, Sankar Mohan, Ajay Pandita, Daniel Chen, Mark Lackner, Elizabeth Punnoose
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Tumor tissue collection is essential for biomarker assessment but can be difficult in tumor types such as non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) where often no surgery is performed and diagnosis is done with biopsies yielding only very limited tissue quantities. Also, in cases where primary tissue is available, the samples may not be representative of patient's current disease, i.e. in the case of hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC). Rationale: Evaluation of cancer biomarkers (both predictive and pharmacodynamic) from blood and other biological material could significantly enable our ability to generate biomarkers by providing an accessible and relevant source of samples that can be analyzed. Successful assessment of biomarkers that do not require access to tumor “tissue” could improve the inclusion of biomarker evaluations in clinical development and across our oncology practice. Results: We report on our efforts to evaluate Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) for utility in tumor biomarker assessment. These efforts included evaluating multiple technologies for isolation and molecular analysis of CTCs from blood. By spiking tumor cells into blood as a model system for CTCs we have developed assays for biomarker evaluation in CTCs including: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Immunofluoresecnce (IF), qRT-PCR and mutation detection. Validation of these assays in patient blood is ongoing and early data suggests that biomarker assessment is indeed possible from CTCs. Using blood samples from metastatic, HER2+ breast cancer patients; we were able to evaluate the HER2 status from CTCs using immunofluorescence and/or FISH. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5768.
Language enabled by Baldwinian evolution of memory capacity
Authors: Thomas K. Landauer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract The claim that language is shaped by the brain is weakened by lack of clear specification of what necessary and sufficient properties the brain actually imposes. To account for human intellectual superiority, it is proposed that language did require special brain evolution (Deacon 1997), but that what evolved was a merely quantitative change – in representation space – rather than a radically new invention.
Partial-Liver Transplantation To Treat Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy: Follow-up of 11 Patients
Authors: Yo-ichi Takei, Shu-ichi Ikeda, Yasuhiko Hashikura, Toshihiko Ikegami, Seiji Kawasaki
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Recently, liver transplantation has been used to treat patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Objective: To describe the clinical course of patients with FAP who received partial-liver transplantation from living donors. Design: Case series. Setting: University hospital in Matsumoto, Japan. Patients: 11 patients with FAP who underwent partial-liver transplantation. The transthyretin gene abnormality in all 11 patients was the substitution of methionine for valine at position 30. Intervention: Partial liver transplantation from living donors. Measurements: Preoperative and follow-up (3 to 64 months) clinical data, including routine laboratory data, nerve conduction velocity tests, and sural nerve histology. Results: All 7 patients who had severe gastrointestinal autonomic disorders or polyneuropathy localized to the lower limbs for less than 4 years showed improvement. Three of 4 patients with polyneuropathy involving both the upper and lower limbs had adverse outcomes, including two deaths. The preoperative duration of their illness was more than 6 years. These 3 patients also had marked decreases in creatinine clearance and nerve conduction velocities and severe loss of myelinated fibers in sural nerves. Conclusion: Preoperative clinical severity and duration of illness are associated with outcomes after liver transplantation for FAP.
Infant Mortality and the Low-Birth-Weight Infant
Authors: Carlotta M. Rinke
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Neonatal mortality nose-dived between 1970 and 1980, largely because of increased survival of low-birth-weight infants, report McCormick et al<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journal. This dramatic surge in survival of infants at high risk, they note, has occurred in the wake of mothers delivering at perinatal centers with neonatal intensive care units. Because infant birth weight is the most important predictor of survival, studies of the low-birth-weight infant have appeared in every imaginable context in the epidemiologic and obstetric literature. The term has been applied to a homogeneous population of infants when, in fact, there are at least two groups: the term or small-for-gestational-age infant weighing less than or equal to 2,500 g and being older than 37 gestational weeks; and the premature neonate who also weighs less than or equal to 2,500 g but has a gestational age of less than 37 weeks. The small, term newborns have
Are the GMC, news media, and BMJ the right tribunals?
Authors: M. Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (2011)

In three instalments chronicling his investigation of Andrew Wakefield, Brian Deer is the investigator, research-analyst, solver of the crime, and storyteller.1 2 3 That one person has performed this Herculean task demands debate on who should be performing these distinct roles, and, given the destruction of reputations involved, whether a single journalist …
Spirometric values for normal adult males in Greece
Authors: N. D. Pournaras, X. Kondakis, D. Papanastassiou
Journal: Thorax (1972)

We have measured the vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 50 healthy men aged 20 to 25 and 50 aged 55 to 60 years in order to obtain normal values for reference use for pulmonary tests in Greece. We constructed tables of mean and 95% confidence limits for ages 20 to 70 and height 1·5 to 1·9 metres, assuming that these respiratory values vary linearly with age and height. The differences in our results from those obtained in the United States of America and in France show that misinterpretation of pulmonary function tests may result from inappropriate reference values.
IgG subclasses specific to <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i> in patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: H.R. ASHBEE, S.R. MUIR, W.J. CUNLIFFE, E. INGHAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

IgG subclasses specific to Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes were determined in sera from patients with mild, moderate or severe acne and from a control group. Titres specific to S. epidermidis were all within the same range and did not differ between groups. The titres of IgG subclasses to specific to P. acnes did vary between groups. IgG1 and IgG3 were significantly higher in severe acne patients compared with moderate acne patients, while IgG2 was significantly higher in moderate and severe patients compared with controls. Titres of IgG4 did not differ between groups. The pattern of titres observed suggests that, while the antibody response to S. epidermidis is relatively harmless, antibodies to P. acnes may be involved in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris.
An evaluation of criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica.
Authors: H A Bird, W Esselinckx, A S Dixon, A G Mowat, P H Wood
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

There has been little basis on which to standardise a diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), and so 11 rheumatology units in the south and west of Great Britain have collaborated in a study to evaluate possible criteria. Symptoms and laboratory findings claimed to be of diagnostic value in PMR were included in an analysis of the features of 236 patients considered to have unequivocal PMR and 70 patients thought to have possible PMR. The results were compared with similar information from 253 patients with conditions that mimic PMR and from 201 consecutive new presentations to outpatients. The 7 most valuable criteria for differentiation were bilateral shoulder pain or stiffness, onset of illness of less than 2 weeks9 duration, initial ESR greater than 40 mm/h, duration of morning stiffness exceeding 1 hour, age 65 years or more, depression and/or weight loss, and bilateral tenderness in the upper arms. We suggest that a patient might be regarded as having probable PMR if any 3 or more of these criteria are fulfilled, or if at least 1 criterion coexists with a clinical or pathological abnormality of the temporal artery. A standardised therapeutic test with prednisolone has value in making the diagnosis of PMR more certain.
DE NOVO CORONARY LESIONS TREATED WITH THE NOVEL POLYMER-FREE BIOLIMUS-A9 COATED STENTS: 12-MONTH ANGIOGRAPHIC RESULTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED MULTICENTER BIOFREEDOM CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Ricardo A. Costa, Alexandre Abizaid, Roxana Mehran, Marco A. Magalhaes, Louise Gambone, Helen Parise, Eduardo C. Silva, Gerhard Schuler, Karl E. Hauptmann, Joachim Schofer, Eberhard Grube
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Antibiotic resistance in Serratia marcescens
Authors: D S Tompkins, R W Lacey, T J Pitts-Tucker
Journal: BMJ (1984)

much experimental work as stating ". . . it may still be premature to say with conviction that radiation as a cause of non-disjunction in- creases the frequency of 21-trisomy.However, it seems logical to avoid unnecessary exposure to mutagens that might add to the genetic burden of humans."
Endoscopical and Histological Studies on Vital Staining of Duodenal Mucosa
Authors: Y. Kohli, M. Nakajima, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

One hundred and three patients were endoscopically examined by means of “GIF-D” type (Olympus) of upper G-I endoscope, using direct dye scattering method. As a scattered dye, 0.2% of indigocarmine solution was sprinkled to 40 cases of them and 0.2% of methylene blue solution was used to 27 cases. To the remainder, both dyes were scattered two times separately. From these studies, we could obtain the followed results. 1. As the effect of the dye scattering method using 0.2% of indigocarmine solution, 17 cases of minute elevation could be found from 58 unrecognized cases by an usual endoscopy, and 30 cases of minute depression could be observed among 67 unrecognized cases by an usual endoscopy. 2. One or two minutes after scattering 0.2% of methylene blue solution, each duodenal villi became to be stained in normal duodenal mucosa. Furthermore, the stainability of duodenal mucosa was proved to be corresponding to the healing process of duodenal ulcer or the degree of glandular maturity of duodenal mucosa, from the comparative histological studies of the stained and unstained duodenal mucosa. 3. From these facts, we can conclude the stainability of duodenal mucosa by the methylene blue solution should be considered as the sign for complete healing of duodenal ulcer or duodenitis.
Dose-Dependent Bronchospasm From Sulfites in Isoetharine
Authors: Jerald W. Koepke
Journal: JAMA (1984)

ADVERSE reactions to sulfiting agents used as preservatives in foods and medications are being reported with increasing frequency.<sup>1</sup>Many bronchodilator solutions contain sulfites as antioxidants. We have previously called attention to the fact that sulfite-preserved bronchodilator solutions will liberate sulfur dioxide when nebulized.<sup>2</sup>Since the asthmatic airway has a heightened reactivity to sulfur dioxide, such exposure could place the asthmatic patient at risk.<sup>3</sup>This article describes an asthmatic patient who experienced a paradoxical response to isoetharine containing sodium bisulfite as preservative. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient was a 31-year-old aspirin-sensitive asthmatic woman whose condition was first diagnosed when she was 9 years of age. In addition to bronchodilators, she had been taking daily steroids since the age of 10 years. Between 1972 and 1975, the patient experienced four episodes of severe wheezing following the ingestion of dried apricots, wine, a restaurant salad, and guacamole dip. The
Guide to the Internet: Electronic mail
Authors: M. Pallen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Electronic mail (email) has many advantages over other forms of communication: it is easy to use, free of charge, fast, and delivers information in a digital format. As a text only medium, email is usually less formal in style than conventional correspondence and may contain acronyms and other features, such as smileys, that are peculiar to the Internet. Email client programs that run on your own microcomputer render email powerful and easy to use. With suitable encoding methods, email can be used to send any kind of computer file, including pictures, sounds, programs, and movies. Numerous biomedical electronic mailing lists and other Internet services are accessible by email. Electronic mail, or email, is the transmission of text based messages between networked computers. Email was one of the earliest and most basic resources on the Internet and in many ways it still acts as the lowest common denominator for computer communications. Many computers that cannot access other Internet services can still exchange email with machines on the Internet. Several studies have stressed the beneficial effects of communication by email in medical, nursing, and other settings.1 2 3 4 5 Indeed, email has many advantages over other methods of communication:
Lymphatics of the Heart
Authors: ROBERT A. JOHNSON, THOMAS M. BLAKE
Journal: Circulation (1966)

The anatomy of the cardiac lymphatic system of pigs, dogs, and humans has been studied by topical application of hydrogen peroxide and also by injection technics. In general, all three species have extensive subepicardial and subendocardial networks with collecting channels directed toward large ducts in the AV sulcus continuous with the main cardiac lymph duct. The subepicardial and subendocardial systems in dogs and pigs communicate via transmyocardial channels and channels in the supporting structures of the AV valves; in humans these communications have not been identified with certainty. Lymphatics are seen in both AV valves of dogs and pigs but have been seen only in the mitral valves of humans. The possible significance of these observations has been discussed.
Is There a Role for Circulating Tumor Cells in the Management of Breast Cancer?
Authors: Daniel F. Hayes, Jeffrey Smerage
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTC) can be identified and characterized in blood of patients with many solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. Between 10% and 30% of patients with stage I to III breast cancer and 50% to 70% of women with metastatic breast cancer have detectable CTCs. In both cases, presence and elevation of CTCs are associated with worse prognosis. In the metastatic setting, persistent CTC after 3 to 5 weeks of a new therapy seem to indicate lack of activity of that regimen, and an ongoing prospective randomized clinical trial is addressing the relative worth of changing to an alternative treatment rather than waiting for classic clinical and radiologic evidence of progression. Recent technical advances offer the promise of further genotyping and phenotyping for important tumor-associated genes and proteins.
Effect of intravenous infusion of salbutamol on ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and hypoxia and on heart rate and plasma potassium in normal men.
Authors: A G Leitch, L J Clancy, J F Costello, D C Flenley
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Intravenous infusion of salbutamol 10 mug/min in seven healthy subjects significantly increased their ventilatory responses to inhaled CO2 in both hypoxia and hyperoxia. These changes in chemical control of breathing are unlikely to be significant when the drug is used in severe asthma but may benefit patients with acute exacerbations of chronic ventilatory failure. The infusion also increased heart rate, which was most pronounced when hypoxia was combined with hypercapnia. The infusion produced an average fall in plasma potassium from 3-99 to 3-10 mmol/l, which was associated with an increase in plasma glucose and serum insulin, suggesting that this arose from a shift of potassium from the extracellular to the intracellular space. Routine monitoring of plasma potassium and the electrocardiogram is indicated when an intravenous salbutamol infusion is used to treat severe asthma as the drug may predispose to cardiac dysrhythmias.
Does the fly matter? The CRACKPOT study in evidence based trout fishing
Authors: B J Britton, J G. Evans, J M Potter
Journal: BMJ (1998)

To investigate the importance of the type of dry fly (artificial floating fly) in catching trout (brown and rainbow) in an English chalkstream.River Kennet, Berkshire.Five anglers on five separate occasions spent five hours using a randomly allocated fly from a sample of five types.Five anglers of considerable but varying experience, determination, and opinion.Number, weight, and species of trout caught.One fly (Black Gnat) performed significantly worse than the others. The fly most successful in catching brown trout was the Cinnamon Sedge.The possible prolongation of doctors' leisure time consequent on the use of unproductive trout flies has resource implications for the NHS. Urgent funding of a definitive, large multiriver trial is needed.
560. Optimization of E. coli Fermentation for Plasmid DNA Production
Authors: Aaron Carnes, Williams James, Hodgson Clague
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Bacterial plasmids are the vectors of choice for DNA vaccines and gene therapeutics. Growing plasmid DNA by microbial fermentation (E. coli) is usually combined with alkaline lysis/chromatography methods of purification. As gene therapy and DNA vaccines advance to FDA approval, it is essential to devise industrial processes whereby DNA can be economically manufactured not just at the gram scale, but at the kilogram scale and beyond. To date, optimal plasmid fermentation media and processes result in yields of 100-200mg plasmid DNA/liter of culture medium, using standard high copy pUC origin containing plasmids. In order to address this initial and yield-limiting upstream step, we developed plasmid media, and identified novel fermentation control parameters, for both batch and fed-batch fermentation. The resulting batch and fed-batch fermentation strategies significantly increase specific plasmid yield with respect to cell mass while enhancing plasmid integrity and maintaining supercoil content. Fed-batch fermentation productivity exceeding 1000mg plasmid DNA/L fermentation media has been obtained with pUC origin containing plasmids. This five to ten fold increase in plasmid yield dramatically decreases plasmid manufacturing costs, and improves the effectiveness of downstream purification by reducing the fraction of impurities.
Effects of urogastrone-epidermal growth factor on intestinal brush border enzymes and mitotic activity.
Authors: R A Goodlad, K B Raja, T J Peters, N A Wright
Journal: Gut (1991)

The wet weight of the stomach, small intestine, caecum, and colon were significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) in intravenously fed rats compared with orally fed controls. Human epidermal growth factor (urogastrone) reversed this atrophy. Detailed analysis of the small intestine showed a similar effect on intestinal crypt cell population, mitoses per crypt, and protein content. Brush border gamma glutamyltransferase and alpha glucosidase activities were reduced by up to 50% throughout the small intestine of the animals fed intravenously. The specific activities (mU/mg protein) were unchanged, as a concomitant decrease in the tissue weight and protein content also occurred. Intestinal brush border enzyme activities in the rats treated with urogastrone-epidermal growth factor were restored to those seen in the orally fed rats except for alpha glucosidase activity in the proximal gut. In addition, the specific activity of gamma glutamyltransferase was highly significantly increased (p less than 0.01) in all regions of the small intestine. Thus, although urogastrone administration prevents the decrease in brush border enzyme activity seen after the removal of luminal nutrition, the response seems to differ depending on the intestinal location, with the specific activities of some enzymes being higher than those seen in orally fed rats. Urogastrone-epidermal growth factor can thus significantly increase the functional ability of the intestine in addition to its trophic effects.
PPAR γ-agonist induces regression of atherosclerotic plaques: invivo study by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Roberto Corti, Julio I. Osende, Valentin Fuster, Samuel D. Wright, Zahi A. Fayad, Elisha Dickstein, John T. Fallon, Juan J. Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Tetracycline treatment in a food-borne outbreak of toxoplasmosis.
Authors: A Fertig, S Selwyn, M J Tibble
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Tetracycline treatment in a food-borne outbreak of toxoplasmosisToxoplasmosis is common among all warm-blooded animals in most parts of the world.Food is a neglected source of infection but seems to have been responsible for the small outbreak described here. Case historiesThe three people concerned were men in their mid-twenties who shared a house in south London.The most severely affected man (case 1) developed a constant frontal headache eight days after moving into the house.The