tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Update: A 64-Year-Old Woman With Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Nadine Farag
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Benzene-induced chromosome aberrations: a follow-up study.
Authors: A Forni
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

To study the evolution of cytogenetic damage from past exposure to high concentrations of benzene and its health significance, chromosome aberrations (CA) in lymphocytes were reinvestigated after approximately 20 years in four subjects with past severe hemopathy and in seven controls studied in the late 1960s. Increased chromosome-type aberrations were still present up to 30 years after benzene toxicity, but blood counts were normal. The vital status at the end of 1993 was ascertained for 32 subjects with a history of benzene toxicity and for 31 controls studied for CA from 1965 to 1970, who differed significantly for CA rates. Of the 32 benzene-exposed subjects, 1 was lost to follow-up, 20 were still alive, and 11 had died at ages 36 to 83, between 1 and 20 years after the last CA study. Five deaths were from neoplasia (acute erythroleukemia, brain tumor, cancer of lung, paranasal cavity, esophagus). The decreased subjects had significantly higher rates of chromosome-type aberrations than those alive, and those who died of neoplasia had the highest rates of these aberrations in the last study before death or diagnosis of cancer. Out of the 31 controls, 12 had died from 4 to 23 years after the CA study. Three deaths were from neoplasia (two lung cancer, one brain tumor). Even if this is a small sample, the results suggest a higher risk of cancer for the benzene-exposed cohort, who had persistently high CA rates in lymphocytes.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Diagnosed With Radionuclide Angiography
Authors: SEHER N. ÜNAL, AYSE MUDUN, ESEN ERTUGRUL, ORHAN ARSEVEN, SEMA CANTEZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 22-year-old man felt spasticity on his right arm and leg after diving to 20 m. He had a headache and was confused. Central cyanosis, clubbing, and right hemiplegia were bobserved on physical examination. Chest x-rays revealed a soft tissue density in the right lung, and cranial MRI showed a left frontal abscess. CT-guided lung biopsy could not be achieved because of the bleeding of the lesion. The bleeding and the presence of a cerebral abscess suggested pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. Becuase contrast angiography could not be performed due to reported allergy, pulmonary arteriovenous malformation was diagnosed by radionuclide angiography and Tc-99m MAA perfusion lung scan, and was confirmed by MR imaging. The Patient was treated by stereotactic drainage of the abscess and antibiotic therapy. The abscess subsided gradually. CT and neurologic examination was normal 1 month later.
Massive haemoptysis caused by spontaneous rupture of a bronchial artery.
Authors: E A Sheffield, J Moore-Gillon, A R Murday, B J Addis
Journal: Thorax (1988)

We report a case of a previously healthy patient, apparent predisposing disease, who presented with haemoptysis due to spontaneous rupture of a b artery. Case reportA previously fit, normotensive 71 year old woman "half a pint" of blood.By the time she was reviewc accident and emergency department of a teaching the haemoptysis had stopped.A chest radiogra normal.Reassurance was given and a non-urgent t scopy booked and she returned home.The follow during assessment at her local hospital, she had a large haemoptysis of 200 ml.Urgent transfer to this was arranged.Physical examination on arrival nothing abnormal except for rheumatoid deformitie hands.A chest radiograph showed patchy bilater
Breast cancer stem cells, cytokine networks, and the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Hasan Korkaya, Suling Liu, Max S. Wicha
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Many tumors, including breast cancer, are maintained by a subpopulation of cells that display stem cell properties, mediate metastasis, and contribute to treatment resistance. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regulated by complex interactions with the components of the tumor microenvironment — including mesenchymal stem cells, adipocytes, tumor associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells — through networks of cytokines and growth factors. Since these components have a direct influence on CSC properties, they represent attractive targets for therapeutic development.
Aortic Stenosis: A Clinical Study of Aortic Stenosis, Isolated or Combined With Aortic Insufficiency, With Special Reference to Haemodynamic and Angiocardiographic Observations
Authors: William H. Wehrmacher
Journal: JAMA (1965)

If we heed the correlations Cullhed has shown between quantitative disturbances in blood flow and clinical findings, the diagnosis and adjudication of aortic valvular disease will be greatly facilitated.  Sixty-seven patients referred for preoperative evaluation were studied at the University Hospital in Upsala, Sweden, between 1958 and 1963 to determine the hemodynamic, clinical, and angiocardiographic changes occurring in acquired aortic stenosis. The present volume reports the findings.  Dyspnea on effort was a sensitive but not a specific sign, while pain in the chest and dizziness on effort were less sensitive but more specific signs of the severity of aortic stenosis. The hypertrophic thrust of the left ventricle, absent or diminished second heart sound, and a grade 4-6 basal systolic murmur of long duration with maximum intensity reached late in systole, were correlated with the higher pressure gradients across the aortic valve. Radiographically demonstrable calcification of the aortic valve in patients
The control of asthma in Italy. A multicentre descriptive study on young adults with doctor diagnosed current asthma
Authors: Roberto De Marco, Massimiliano Bugiani, Lucia Cazzoletti, Aurelia Carosso, Simone Accordini, Orazio Buriani, Laura Carrozzi, Rossano Dallari, Giuseppe Giammanco, Francesco Ginesu, Alessandra Marinoni, Vincenzo Lo Cascio, Albino Poli, Pierluigi Struzzo, Christer Janson
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Few data are available on the management of asthma in the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of asthma control in Italian patients, a decade after the publication of the international guidelines. Materials and methods: Within the framework of a multicentre, population‐based study on people aged 20–44 years, 18 873 subjects replied to a postal screening questionnaire (response rate = 72.7%) on the presence of asthma symptoms and exacerbations, and their impact on daily life. All subjects reporting having ever had a doctor diagnosis of asthma and either taking medicine for asthma when interviewed or having had an asthma attack in the last 12 months, were considered current asthmatics. Results: Of the screened subjects, 649 (3.4%) were current asthmatics. Of these, only 14% did not report exacerbations or had been symptom‐free in the last 12 months. More than 20% of current asthmatics had their daily life activities seriously impaired and 54 patients (8%) had at least one hospital/emergency department admission as a result of asthma exacerbation in the last 12 months. The life impairment and the rates of hospitalization significantly increased as the control of the symptoms worsened. The use of asthma drugs was quite common in current asthmatics: 586 (90.2%) reported having been under pharmacological treatment in the last 12 months. Only 63 patients (10%) had the disease under control (neither symptoms nor life impairment): they had a significantly higher percentage of drug use (100% vs 89%) and of daily use prescriptions (50% vs 36%) than non/moderately controlled asthmatics. Poorly controlled asthmatics had a significantly higher percentage of women (63% vs 44%), of patients with the coexistence of chronic cough and phlegm (47% vs 30%) than moderately/well‐controlled asthmatics. The comparison between our data and similar data collected in 1991 in Italy showed that the use of asthma drugs increased by about 12%, while the control of symptoms did not improve in the last decade. Conclusion: Despite the high percentage of drug users, the control of symptoms and exacerbations was overall poor in Italy and resulted in a heavy individual and social burden, pointing out that the guideline goals have far from been reached in Italy.
John Bernard Penry
Authors: M. Roberts, C. Mackenzie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

John Bernard Penry (“Bunny”) was educated at Dynevor Grammar School and qualified from the University of Wales Medical School in 1957 with a distinction in surgery, having studied chemistry for two years before changing to medicine. He undertook house jobs in Cardiff at the Royal Infirmary, Landough Hospital, and St David’s Hospital before beginning his radiology training in 1959 …
Dermatitis as a side-effect of long-term topical treatment with certain beta-blocking agents
Authors: TH. JOOST, J. MIDDELKAMP HUP, F.E. ROS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Three groups of glaucoma patients, treated topically with various beta-blocking agents, were studied for mucocutaneous side-effects of long-term therapy. In five of eleven patients with ocular and/or periocular dermatitis as an adverse reaction to long-term treatment with metoprolol eye drops a dermatitis, reproducible by patch tests with pure metoprolol 3%, was demonstrable. Histopathological examination of positive patch tests examined in three cases showed a picture compatible with a delayed type of hypersensitivity. Four atenolol treated patients showed adverse reactions, but negative patch tests to atenolol were found. In addition new data are reported in favour of cross-reactivity between certain beta-blocking agents.
HYPERVENTILATION AND PSEUDOHYPOGLYCEMIC REACTIONS IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Marc J. Musser
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Reactions that usually are regarded as hypoglycemic in origin quite frequently complicate the treatment of diabetic patients receiving insulin. When these are relieved by simple alteration in diet or insulin dosage, they do not become a matter of undue concern to either the patient or the physician. On the other hand, when they fail to be controlled satisfactorily by such measures, their management presents a perplexing problem. The lack of correlation that may occur between the clinical manifestations of reactions and the blood glucose level<sup>1</sup>adds further to the confusion. Reactions of the latter type—where characteristic symptoms occur in the presence of normoglycemia or hyperglycemia—have been referred to as pseudohypoglycemic reactions.<sup>2</sup>The mechanism for these is not completely understood. Most investigators have sought to relate them to the physiology of diabetes mellitus and have postulated that they are due to some disturbance in the availability, transportation, or utilization
CKS1B, overexpressed in aggressive disease, regulates multiple myeloma growth and survival through SKP2- and p27Kip1-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Fenghuang Zhan, Simona Colla, Xiaosong Wu, Bangzheng Chen, James P. Stewart, W. Michael Kuehl, Bart Barlogie, John D. Shaughnessy
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 4202: Oncogenic microRNA-31 as prognostic potential biomarker in histologically negative surgical margins of head and neck cancer patients.
Authors: Maria Aderuza Horst, Ana Carolina Carvalho, Danielle Campelo Maia, Juliana Aymberé Bello, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Andre Lopes Carvalho, Andre Luiz Vettore
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The development of locoregional recurrence is the main reason for treatment failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and the remaining of tumor cells in surgical margins is associated with recurrence. Surgical margins are considered negative based on histologic assessment of the pathological specimen. However, this method lacks sensitivity in identifying cells that already started malignant transformation but have not yet developed a pathologic phenotype. We investigated the usefulness of assessing the expression of microRNA-31 for the detection of molecular alterations in histologically negative surgical margins (HNSM) and determine the correlation of these tumor-related alterations with clinical and prognostic parameters. MicroRNAs are endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs that have important biological and pathological functions. The microRNA-31 was found markedly upregulated in different malignancies, including HNSCC. The microRNA-31 expression was determined by qRT-PCR in HNSCC (n=19), HNSM (n=37) and normal mucosa (n=10). According to our results, 76% of tumor samples and 30% of the HNSM specimens were positive for microRNA-31 overexpression. Moreover, the overexpression of this microRNA in the HNSM was associated with perineural invasion (p &amp;lt; 0.05 Fisher's exact tests) and showed a tendency to correlates with poor disease-free survival (p &amp;lt; 0,09 log-rank). These findings demonstrate that the overexpression of microRNA-31 in histologically negative surgical margins is a frequent event. The use of qRT-PCR may be an useful tool in detecting actually negative HNSCC surgical margins and the overexpression of microRNA-31 in these margins could be helpful in the identification of patients with worst outcome. Supported by Fapesp (Grant 2011/01919-2). Citation Format: Maria Aderuza Horst, Ana Carolina Carvalho, Danielle Campelo Maia, Juliana Aymberé Bello, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Andre Lopes Carvalho, Andre Luiz Vettore. Oncogenic microRNA-31 as prognostic potential biomarker in histologically negative surgical margins of head and neck cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4202. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4202
Effect of colchicine on the antibody response. I. Enhancement of antibody formation in mice.
Authors: P N Shek, A H Coons
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Colchicine (CC) enhances the antibody response in mice to protein antigens, like diphtheria toxoid and human gamma globulin, as well as to the 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl hapten. Maximal enhancement was observed when CC was administered to animals on the same day as the injection of antigen. The optimal dose of CC was in the range of 1.0-1.5 mg/kg body weight. The enhanced antibody formation was evident from elevated circulating antibody titers and from an increased number of antibody plaque-forming cells (PFC) of the spleen. The circulating antibody titer of CC-treated animals was higher than that of control animals by a factor of about 3-7 in the primary response, and by a factor of at least 15 in the secondary response. In terms of the number of antibody forming cells, CC enhanced the primary PFC response by approximately equal to 100%, and the secondary PFC response by as high as fivefold. The enhancing effect of CC seemed to be related to its mitosis-blocking capacity since (a) vinblastine another antimitotic drug, was found to be as effective as CC and (b) lumicolchicine, the non-anti-mitotic structural isomer of CC, was ineffective in potentiating antibody responses. The critical timing in the administration of CC on the same day as antigen suggests that most likely, the mitotic poison was acting on antigen-stimulated early dividing suppressor cells.
BOOKS IN REVIEW 1992
Authors: ERIC J. SEIFTER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

BOOKS IN REVIEW 1992 Biologic Therapy of Cancer , V. T. DeVita , S. Hellman , S. A. Rosenberg , eds. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott , 1991 . 800 pp., illus. $125. Reviewed by David R. Parkinson and Mario Sznol (first citation) and Paul M. Sondel (second citation) (J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1527–1528 , 1992 ). ERIC J. SEIFTER ERIC J. SEIFTER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 2, 20 January 1993, Page 159, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.2.159 Published: 20 January 1993
801 NOVEL QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS FOR ACETAMINOPHEN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICTY IDENTIFIED ON CHROMOSOME 18
Authors: Q.M. Anstee, L.A. Possamai, D. Concas, B. Wu, C. Hassett, R.D. Cox, H.C. Thomas, M.R. Thursz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Long-term Follow-up of Infants Discharged From Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Authors: Marie C. McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A recent review of 20 years' experience with neonatal intensive care for very-low-birth-weight infants provides reassurance that such care saves lives and that an increasing proportion survive free of moderate to severe handicap. However, data on the health status of these survivors largely reflect status in infancy. An increasing literature suggests that such early findings may be insufficient to characterize later outcomes, particularly those problems encountered as the child enters school. Since the specific health and developmental problems that might be encountered are still being defined, a broad conceptual framework is applied to organize a review of the existing literature. Some areas of concern about longer-term outcomes emerge, as well as important areas for which data are lacking. Further definition of longer-term outcomes is critical at the policy level to assess the utility of neonatal intensive care unit interventions and at the individual level for counseling families as to the health and educational needs of these children.Existing data on the health status of survivors of neonatal intensive care reflect status in infancy and are insufficient to characterize later outcomes, particularly problems encountered when the child enters school. A broad conceptual framework is applied to review the existing literature on longer-term outcomes of very low birth weight infants and to assess the limitations of activities of their daily living and behavioral/mental health. Areas of concern and important areas for which data are lacking are discussed and the need for further definition of longer-term outcomes is emphasized for counseling families as to the health and educational needs of these children.
Primate Study Suggests Pentobarbital May Help Protect the Brain During Radiation Therapy
Authors: Andrew Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

RADIATION THERAPY, an often indispensable treatment for a wide range of brain tumors, is a double-edged sword, especially when used to treat children (<i>JAMA</i>. 1988;260:3400-3405). Incomplete development of secondary sexual characteristics, growth inhibition, cognitive deficits, and chronic lethargy are among the complications of radiotherapy for brain tumors in children. Such consequences limit radiation dosage and in turn the efficacy of treatment. Research reported at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, in Atlanta, Ga, now suggests that pentobarbital and perhaps other barbiturates may help protect the brain from radiation-induced damage, especially to the pituitary and hypothalmus, where such damage can lead to serious, life-long problems for children. Jeffrey J. Olson, MD, now assistant professor of neurosurgery at Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, reported the results of a study of the radioprotective effects of pentobarbital on the brain of a primate, which he and colleagues at the National Institute
Pulmonary Tc-99m Tetrofosmin Imaging: Clinical Experience With Detecting Malignant Lesions and Monitoring Response to Therapy
Authors: TARIK BASOGLU, IREM BERNAY, CANDAN COSKUN, FEVZIYE CANBAZ, AYNUR TALU, LEVENT ERKAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

The authors prospectively investigated the uptake and kinetics of Tc-99m tetrofosmin (Tetro) in benign and malignant lung lesions and the effect of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both on Tc-99m Tetro uptake in malignant lung tumors. Dynamic and planar Tetro imaging were performed in 45 patients with pulmonary lesions during a period of 28 months (34 untreated malignant tumors, 11 benign lesions). Tetro uptake was visibly increased in 26 of 34 malignant tumors, with a mean lesion to contralateral normal tissue ratio of 1.44 +/- 0.29 and a tumor washout rate of 28.4 +/- 6.6% 30 minutes after injection. In 3 of 11 benign lesions, Tetro uptake was observed. Of the 26 patients with malignant tumors and positive Tetro uptake, nine had repeated imaging 6 to 8 weeks after therapy. The patients were treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both. Reduction in radiological tumor size was used as the clinical response parameter. In five of nine patients, the course of Tetro uptake in follow-up imaging was in accordance with that of radiological tumor size. Two of four remaining patients had only slight discordance between the alteration of Tetro uptake and radiological tumor size. The sensitivity of Tetro to detect malignant lung lesions in our patients was 77%. The specificity and accuracy of the method were 73% and 76%, respectively. Tetro has limited diagnostic value in detecting lung cancer. It may be useful to monitor the response to therapy in malignant lung tumors with initial tracer uptake. Broader trials on this matter are needed for further clarification.
THE VIRUS OF POLIOMYELITIS IN STOOLS AND SEWAGE
Authors: JOHN R. PAUL
Journal: JAMA (1941)

During the past two years it has become increasingly apparent that the virus of poliomyelitis may be readily isolated from stools of patients with poliomyelitis. Many reports<sup>1</sup>now testify to the ease with which this may be accomplished, not only from the stools of patients with the paralytic type<sup>2</sup>but also from those of patients with the common abortive type.<sup>3</sup>In fact the stool method has quickly found its place in the study of this disease, and during this short period of time our knowledge of human carriers has been considerably enhanced. Already Lépine<sup>4</sup>in Paris has followed one child convalescent from abortive poliomyelitis who harbored the virus in the intestinal tract as long as one hundred and twenty-five days, and Kramer and his co-workers,<sup>5</sup>more recently in Detroit, have given a convincing report of "healthy intestinal carriers" in this disease. These observations point the