tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A patient with no known liver disease presenting with a sentinel variceal hemorrhage
Authors: M. Isabel Fiel, Thomas Schiano
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

A 45-year-old previously healthy white man presented with a variceal hemorrhage and required endoscopic band ligation. On imaging studies, the patient was found to have a slightly nodular appearing liver and splenomegaly with normal hepatic synthetic function, normal liver chemistry tests, and a platelet count of 125 × 103/μL (normal = 150 × 103 to 450 × 103/μL). Aside from a previous deep vein thrombosis, there was no significant past medical history and no family history of liver disease. An extensive workup for the etiology of his liver disease was unrevealing. A liver biopsy was performed. HPS, hepatoportal sclerosis. There was no cirrhosis. On low-power magnification (Fig. 1A), dilated sinusoids in periportal zones creating "megasinusoids" are apparent (arrowheads). In Fig. 1B, the portal tracts are closely packed together and are densely fibrotic with rounded edges (arrows). There is no open portal vein lumen in any of the three portal tracts shown. A high-power magnification of a portal tract (Fig. 1C) shows near-total obliteration of the portal vein branch by dense fibrosis (phlebosclerosis) (arrow). This constellation of histological findings is consistent with hepatoportal sclerosis (HPS). (hematoxylin & eosin stain; original magnification, Fig. 1A,B ×40, Fig. 1C ×100). HPS is one of the causes of noncirrhotic portal hypertension, synonyms of which include noncirrhotic portal fibrosis, obliterative portal venopathy and idiopathic portal hypertension.1 The cause is obscure and may be related to a prothrombotic disorder or other form of hepatic vascular injury. Portal vein thrombosis is sometimes present. Patients with HPS develop clinical manifestations of portal hypertension (most commonly variceal hemorrhage) and typically have well-preserved hepatic synthetic function with normal or mildly abnormal liver chemistry tests.2 In extreme cases patients develop compromised liver function and require liver transplantation.3 The histological features are heterogeneous; the most common abnormality is absence of portal venules or when present, abnormal fibrotic thickening of vein walls sometimes resulting in total obliteration of the lumen. Periportal dilated structures believed to be herniated portal venules may be seen as well as abnormal dilated sinusoids (megasinusoids).1 The differential diagnosis includes nodular regenerative hyperplasia and incomplete septal cirrhosis.1, 4 Histological features of nodular regenerative hyperplasia may be seen concurrently with HPS4; both are being increasingly described in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.5 The diagnosis of HPS can be difficult to make on needle liver biopsy, so provision of a detailed history for the pathologist is requisite and increased awareness of this disorder is essential.
270 Future trends of HCV-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma under the currently available treatments
Authors: V. Sypsa, G. Touloumi, G.V. Papatheodoridis, N.C. Tassopoulos, I. Ketikoglou, I. Vafiadis, G. Hatzis, D. Tsantoulas, E. Akriviadis, S. Koutsounas, A. Hatzakis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Mechanisms and results of additional stent implantation to treat focal in-stent restenosis
Authors: R. Mehran, A.S. Abizaid, G.S. Mintz, A. Abizaid, A.J. Lansky, K.M. Kent, L.F. Satlet, A.D. Pichard, T.A. Bucher, J.J. Popma, M.B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Hypodermic Injection of Morphia in a Case of Fibroid Tumour of the Uterus
Authors: S. Mills
Journal: BMJ (1868)

why that lesion is unikely to happen frequenty.Be it noted, that the dsplacement o wsedw pnry, tag place t once in the original inury and of such a kinas coud Sm ly bprdced after lodgment Of the head of the humerus in the upper part of the axila, without in.jury to the thorcic walls or the shoulder-girdle.While the patient vas walking on cmtches, his right crutch sfIpped; he lost his footing; and, the whole weight of his body being thus thrown on the left crutch the head of that crutch gLided outwards from the axilla, and raised his elbow as he fell to the ground.This is the patient's story.The head of the crutch was the fulcrum on which the dislocation took place;
Chronic insomnia: 'multidimensional in cause'
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Whatever its causes, chronic insomnia often has disruptive—even devastating—effects on the lives of its sufferers." So caution Anthony Kales, MD, director of the Sleep Research and Treatment Center, and Joyce D. Kales, MD, director of the Sleep Disorders Clinic at the College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey. Their recent book,<i>Evaluation and Treatment of Insomnia</i>(New York, Oxford University Press, 1984), is a "guide to the general practitioner who almost daily is confronted with the problem of evaluating and treating patients with chronic insomnia," the two physicians say. A 1979 survey of almost 4,500 physicians in the United States indicated that, across all specialties, the physicians estimated that about 20% of adult patients complained of difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep. Psychiatrists reported the highest prevalence, with approximately 32% of their patients suffering from insomnia (<i>Am J Psychiatry</i>1979; 136:1257-1262;<i>Soc Sci Med</i>1976;10:239-244;<i>Selected Symptoms of Psychological Distress</i>
648 TREATMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA WITH SORAFENIB: RESULTS IN THE REAL LIFE OF CHANGH COHORT
Authors: I. Rosa, J. Denis, A.S. Dobrin, C. Becker, R. Faroux, R. Bader, O. Danne, X. Causse, E. Diaz, G. Le Dréau, B. Condat, B. Marks, J. Henrion, F. Zerouala, T. Decaens, B. Lesgourgues, G. Bellaiche, H. Labadie, A. Pauwells, P. Renard, H. Hagège
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Predicting Lung Cancer Prior to Surgical Resection in Patients with Lung Nodules
Authors: Stephen A. Deppen, Jeffrey D. Blume, Melinda C. Aldrich, Sarah A. Fletcher, Pierre P. Massion, Ronald C. Walker, Heidi C. Chen, Theodore Speroff, Catherine A. Degesys, Rhonda Pinkerman, Eric S. Lambright, Jonathan C. Nesbitt, Joe B. Putnam, Eric L. Grogan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Medicines without Doctors: In Mozambique, Salaries Are Not the Biggest Problem
Authors: Wouter Arrazola de Oñate
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

a former collaborator of the Faculty of Medicine of the Mozambican Eduardo Mondlane University, I have been screaming the same message as Ooms and collegues [1] for years now.I am glad that fi nally some attention has been given to this fact.Although I do agree with the general message of the article, in the case of Mozambique, the brain drain is not the biggest problem.Neither are the salaries.It's the pure lack of doctors.Only up to 60 doctors a year are trained at the University for a population of 18 million.In 2004, Mozambique had about 700 medical doctors, expatriates from all nongovernmental organizations and projects included.I do not agree that increasing salaries would be the most effi cient solution.This will not create more doctors.This will create salaries without doctors.The Mozambican Ministry of Health received hundred of millions of dollars from international donors for the National AIDS Plan, while the Faculty of Medicine, dependant on the Ministry of Education, was struggling to survive.Not a single dollar from all the AIDS millions went to support the basic education of doctors.Not out of bad will, but because donors have too many restrictions.Doctors are not only needed for the HIV/AIDS epidemicthey also treat the many cases of malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhea in children, leishmaniasis, fi stula, sexually transmitted infections...They perform caesarean sections and other life-saving surgeries.It's my strong opinion that direct investment in training of medical doctors is the most effective sector-wide approach in public health.It is the most obvious and well-defi ned contribution to the health-related Millennium Development Goals and development in general.I do not understand why so few donors agree with this.I can only speak for the case of Mozambique.
Reduced Amygdala Response in Youths With Disruptive Behavior Disorders and Psychopathic Traits: Decreased Emotional Response Versus Increased Top-Down Attention to Nonemotional Features
Authors: Stuart F. White, Abigail A. Marsh, Katherine A. Fowler, Julia C. Schechter, Christopher Adalio, Kayla Pope, Stephen Sinclair, Daniel S. Pine, R. James R. Blair
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2012)

Objective: Amygdala dysfunction has been reported to exist in youths and adults with psychopathic traits. However, there has been disagreement as to whether this dysfunction reflects a primary emotional deficit or is secondary to atypical attentional control. The authors examined the validity of the contrasting predictions. Method: Participants were 15 children and adolescents (ages 10–17 years) with both disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits and 17 healthy comparison youths. Functional MRI was used to assess the response of the amygdala and regions implicated in top-down attentional control (the dorsomedial and lateral frontal cortices) to emotional expression under conditions of high and low attentional load. Results: Relative to youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits, healthy comparison subjects showed a significantly greater increase in the typical amygdala response to fearful expressions under low relative to high attentional load conditions. There was also a selective inverse relationship between the response to fearful expressions under low attentional load and the callous-unemotional component (but not the narcissism or impulsivity component) of psychopathic traits. In contrast, the two groups did not differ in the significant recruitment of the dorsomedial and lateral frontal cortices as a function of attentional load. Conclusions: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits showed reduced amygdala responses to fearful expressions under low attentional load but no indications of increased recruitment of regions implicated in top-down attentional control. These findings suggest that the emotional deficit observed in youths with disruptive behavior disorders and psychopathic traits is primary and not secondary to increased top-down attention to nonemotional stimulus features.
EFFECT OF VACCINATION WITH B C G ON CHILDREN FROM TUBERCULOUS FAMILIES
Authors: WILLIAM H. PARK
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Fig. 10.—Visual fields taken before and after operation, showing the tension and vision. Excellent fixation of the eye is secured by holding the conjunctival flap with blunt forceps. Sharp mouse tooth forceps may cause tearing of the flap. The eye is easily rotated downward by gentle traction. The pull on the conjunctiva is distributed over a wide area of attachment. In addition, I usually place a suture in the superior rectus muscle. It has been suggested that sutures be placed in both lateral rectus muscles. The insertion of the suture in the conjunctiva previous to scleral incision is of great importance, as it is easily and safely done at the time, and should loss of vitreous threaten, immediate closure is possible. It is both dangerous and difficult to place a suture when a prolapse threatens. No injury to the lens has occurred, as the iris is grasped by the forceps,
An Essential Role of Antigen-Presenting Cell/T-Helper Type 1 Cell-Cell Interactions in Draining Lymph Node during Complete Eradication of Class II–Negative Tumor Tissue by T-Helper Type 1 Cell Therapy
Authors: Kenji Chamoto, Daiko Wakita, Yoshinori Narita, Yue Zhang, Daisuke Noguchi, Hideaki Ohnishi, Takeshi Iguchi, Tomoaki Sakai, Hiroaki Ikeda, Takashi Nishimura
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Prior studies have shown that transfer of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T helper type 1 (Th1) cells into mice bearing MHC class II+ OVA–expressing tumor cells (A20-OVA) causes complete tumor rejection. Here we show that, although Th1 cell therapy alone was not effective against MHC class II− OVA–expressing tumor cells (EG-7), treatment of mice bearing established EG-7 tumors by i.v. transfer of Th1 cells combined with i.t. injection of the model tumor antigen OVA induced complete tumor rejection. Transferred Th1 cells enhanced the migration of tumor-infiltrating antigen-presenting cells (APC) that had processed OVA into the draining lymph node (DLN). Although transferred Th1 cells were randomly distributed in DLN, distal LN, spleen, and tumor tissue, active proliferation of Th1 cells always initiated in DLN, where Th1 cells efficiently interacted with APC that presented OVA. In parallel, OVA-tetramer+ CTLs, showing EG-7-specific cytotoxicity, were highly induced in DLN and the local tumor site. The OVA-tetramer+ CTL functioned systemically because two bilateral tumor masses were both completely rejected on treatment of one tumor. Furthermore, either active proliferation of transferred Th1 cells or generation of tetramer+ CTL was not induced in MHC class II–deficient mice and LN-deficient Aly/Aly mice. These results indicate that DLN is an indispensable organ for initiating active APC/Th1 cell interactions, which is critical for inducing complete eradication of tumor mass by tumor-specific CTL. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1809-17)
Transatrial Approach to Total Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: ALLEN S. HUDSPETH, A. ROBERT CORDELL, FRANK R. JOHNSTON
Journal: Circulation (1963)

A transatrial approach to total correction of the tetralogy of Fallot is presented which utilizes: (1) anteroposterior incision of the right atrium near the right atrioventricular groove; (2) circumferential detachment of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve near the annulus; (3) pulmonary arteriotomy with valvuloplasty, if necessary; (4) retrograde displacement and resection of the stenosed infundibulum through the right atrium; (5) closure of the ventricular septal defect; (6) closure of the incision in the tricuspid valve; and (7) closure of the atriotomy. Clinical application to 10 consecutive patients, varying from acyanotia to severely cyanotic, has confirmed the advantages and simplicity of this method. Coronary arterial division, ventriculotomy, and external enlargement of the pulmonary outflow tract have been unnecessary. Relief of pulmonary stenosis has been adequate in each instance. The ventricular septal defect has been well exposed in each patient, and its closure has presented no special problem. There have been no complications associated with the method, and postoperative cardiac function has been good. Operative as well as clinical features of the method are still under investigation; however, experience thus far has led to its establishment as a routine for total correction of the tetralogy of Fallot in this clinic.
Sensitivity of different areas of the flexor aspect of the human forearm to corticosteroid-induced skin blanching
Authors: E. MEYER, E.W. SMITH, J.M. HAIGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Sensitivity of different areas of the flexor aspect of the human forearm to corticosteroid‐induced skin blanching Get access E. MEYER, E. MEYER School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.W. SMITH, E.W. SMITH School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.M. HAIGH J.M. HAIGH School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6140 South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 4, 1 October 1992, Pages 379–381, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00457.x Published: 01 October 1992
Behavioral Changes in Aging but Not Young Mice after Neonatal Exposure to the Polybrominated Flame Retardant DecaBDE
Authors: Deborah C. Rice, W. Douglas Thompson, Elizabeth A. Reeve, Kristen D. Onos, Mina Assadollahzadeh, Vincent P. Markowski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

After several decades of commercial use, the flame-retardant chemicals polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites are pervasive environmental contaminants and are detected in the human body. Decabrominated diphenyl ether (decaBDE) is currently the only PBDE in production in the United States.Little is known about the health effects of decaBDE. In the present study we examined the effects of neonatal decaBDE exposure on behavior in mice at two ages.Neonatal male and female C57BL6/J mice were exposed to a daily oral dose of 0, 6, or 20 mg/kg decaBDE from postnatal days 2 through 15. Two age groups were examined: a cohort that began training during young adulthood and an aging cohort of littermates that began training at 16 months of age. Both cohorts were tested on a series of operant procedures that included a fixed-ratio 1 schedule of reinforcement, a fixed-interval (FI) 2-min schedule, and a light-dark visual discrimination.We observed minimal effects on the light-dark discrimination in the young cohort, with no effects on the other tasks. The performance of the aging cohort was significantly affected by decaBDE. On the FI schedule, decaBDE exposure increased the overall response rate. On the light-dark discrimination, older treated mice learned the task more slowly, made fewer errors on the first-response choice of a trial but more perseverative errors after an initial error, and had lower latencies to respond compared with controls. Effects were observed in both dose groups and sexes on various measures.These findings suggest that neonatal decaBDE exposure produces effects on behavioral tasks in older but not younger animals. The behavioral mechanisms responsible for the pattern of observed effects may include increased impulsivity, although further research is required.
484 IMPACT OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN GENOTYPE 1 CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS TREATED WITH ANTIVIRAL THERAPY: LONG TERM FOLLOW UP STUDY
Authors: A.M. Pellicelli, P. Vignally, M. Romano, L. Miglioresi, E. Mazzoni, F. Mecenate, M.E. Bonaventura, R. Villani, C. D'ambrosio, L. Fondacaro, P. Guarascio, G. Cerasari, C. Telesca, A. Andreoli, G. Barbarini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Successive development of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, leucocytoclastic vasculitis and Sweet's syndrome in a patient with cervical lymphadenitis caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum
Authors: H-H. Chen, C-H. Hsiao, H-C. Chiu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Successive development of cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, leucocytoclastic vasculitis and Sweet's syndrome in a patient with cervical lymphadenitis caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum Get access H‐H. Chen, H‐H. Chen Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐H. Hsiao, C‐H. Hsiao Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H‐C. Chiu H‐C. Chiu Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung‐Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan Hsien‐Ching Chiu. E‐mail: hcc@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 5, 1 November 2004, Pages 1096–1100, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06201.x Published: 01 November 2004 Article history Accepted: 15 April 2004 Published: 01 November 2004
The Jugglery of Statistics. A Reply to an Absurd Editorial.
Authors: Chas. Smart
Journal: JAMA (1898)

would be different from those observed in guineapigs and rabbits.As already stated, rabbits and guinea-pigs passively immunized suffer from cerebral tetanus when the toxin is injected into the brain.The question arises: Is this also the case in animals whose immunity is active?This question is very pertinent, because many observers have advanced the opinion that anti¬ toxin is elaborated by the cells which are susceptible to the toxin; that each symptom which is influenced
Microwaving Blood as a Non‐Destructive Technique for Haemoglobin Measurements on Microlitre Samples
Authors: Toby H. Basey‐Fisher, Nadia Guerra, Chiara Triulzi, Andrew Gregory, Stephen M. Hanham, Molly M. Stevens, Stefan A. Maier, Norbert Klein
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

The non‐destructive ex vivo determination of haemoglobin (Hgb) concentration offers the capability to conduct multiple red blood cell haematological measurements on a single sample, an advantage that current optical techniques are unable to offer. Here, a microwave method and device for the accurate and non‐destructive determination of Hgb concentration in microlitre blood samples are described. Using broadband microwave spectroscopy, a relationship is established between the dielectric properties of murine blood and Hgb concentration that is utilized to create a technique for the determination of Hgb concentration. Subsequently, a microwave dielectric resonator‐microfluidic system is implemented in the analysis of 52 murine samples with microlitre volumes and Hgb concentrations ranging from 0 to 17 g dL −1 . Using the characterized relationship, independent and minimally invasive Hgb measurements are made on nine healthy mice as well as seven with mutations in the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene that leads to colorectal cancer and consequently anaemia.
Yesterday's Triumphs: Today's Problems
Authors: William H. Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

During the past 100 years, human society has made astonishing advancements in the knowledge of disease. These have usually come about through tedious research accompanied by persistence and optimism. A large increment of the information acquired has been put to beneficent use in endeavors to identify, treat, prevent, suppress, and eradicate many of the formidable microbial, viral, and parasitic enemies of mankind. In the United States, the results have been amazingly successful. By Herculean efforts and constant vigilance, such fearsome diseases as yellow fever, diphtheria, typhoid fever, smallpox, foot-andmouth disease of cattle, tuberculosis due to<i>Mycobacterium bovis</i>, and more recently poliomyelitis, are virtually extinct. The purpose of this essay is to examine the anachronism that certain infectious diseases continue to threaten the lives of human beings despite knowledge concerning their diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment that research has provided. Among these diseases are tuberculosis, rabies, and the venereal diseases, gonorrhea and
Change the culture around death and dying in acute hospitals
Authors: J. Gibbins, K. Forbes, R. McCoubrie, C. Reid
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Chinthapalli’s report broadens the debate on the Liverpool care pathway (LCP).1 Recent negative press coverage has affected end of life care: at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust our end of life tool (not LCP) was used in only 37% of patients dying in December 2012 compared with 67% in December 2011.

The principles of the LCP are essential to improving …