tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Benzodiazepine Prescription Regulations
Authors: Wallace I. Sampson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent exchange of letters regarding the article by Weintraub et al<sup>1</sup>tries to deal with the problem on a higher plane than that which concerns most physicians.<sup>2-5</sup> We must accept the reduction in numbers of suicide attempts and in the writing of inappropriate prescriptions when drugs are placed on the Class II narcotics list. But the issue is not so much an unwarranted intrusion into the practice of medicine. The reduction in prescription abuse is a concern of physicians as well as of the government and the general public. The major issue for physicians is the inconvenience of writing these prescriptions. Multiple-copy prescriptions with state registration cost physicians time and are a nuisance for the following reasons. In most states, the name, address, and ZIP code must be written out in the physician's handwriting. Why the ZIP code is so important, or even the
CLINICAL IMPACT OF ATTENUATED PLAQUE AFTER STENT IMPLANTATION: AN ADAPT-DES IVUS SUBSTUDY
Authors: Fuyu Qiu, Gary Mintz, Bernhard Witzenbichler, David Metzger, Michael Rinaldi, Peter Duffy, Giora Weisz, Ernest Mazzaferri, Thomas Stuckey, Bruce Brodie, Ke Xu, Ajay Kirtane, Gregg Stone, Akiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
BASIC PRINCIPLES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DUODENAL ULCERS
Authors: Richard Lewisohn
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Almost 30 years have elapsed since the late Dr. A. A. Berg<sup>1</sup>and I<sup>2</sup>became convinced that in our hands gastroenterostomy was a complete failure in many cases of duodenal ulcer. At that time we advocated, for the first time in this country, that the operation of partial gastrectomy be employed in its stead as the surgical procedure of choice for duodenal ulcer. This decision was based largely upon the work of Haberer.<sup>3</sup> Haberer's technique consisted in removing a distal onehalf to two-thirds of the stomach together with the pylorus and the ulcerative lesion in the duodenum. This procedure apparently appeared unnecessarily radical to many surgeons. For this reason a great deal of antagonism was encountered when the method was first introduced. At a meeting of the American Medical Association in Washington<sup>4</sup>in 1927, where I presented results with partial gastrectomy as compared with results with
Abstract 3764: Increased shedding of Endothelial Microparticles following Anti-VEGF therapy of Human Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Mounir Benzerroug, Aurélie Leroyer, Serge Picaud, Alain Gaudric, Gérard Brasseur, Alain Tedgui, Pascale Massin, Chantal Boulanger
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Development of retinal neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is correlated to vitreous VEGF levels. Intravitreal administration of Bevacizumab, a humanized recombinant antibody that binds all isoforms of VEGF, causes at least short-term involution of retinal neovascularization. We hypothesized that endothelial microparticles (MP), which are submicron membrane vesicles released following endothelial cell activation or apoptosis, accumulate in vitreous fluid from patients with PDR following anti-VEGF therapy. Methods and results: Undiluted vitreous fluid samples were collected at the start of standard surgery for the treatment of retinal disease in diabetic (D, n=14, 61±3yrs, 7.5±0.2% HbA1c) and non-diabetic (ND, with macular hole, epiretinal membrane or retinal detachment; n=15, 65±4yrs) patients. Four patients with PDR received intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab (50 μL; 25 μg/ μL) one week before surgery. Levels and cellular origins of MP in vitreous fluid were analysed by flow cytometry, using markers for platelet (CD41), endothelial (CD144), microglial (Bandeiraea Simplicifolia Lectin; ILB4) and photoreceptor (Arachis hypogaea Lectin; PNA) cells. Vitreous levels of endothelial and platelet MPs were markedly increased in PDR when compared to ND patients (139±53 vs 21±5 CD41+MP/μl (p=0.02); 238±61 vs. 62±12 CD144+MP/μl (p=0.004); respectively). Levels of MPs of microglial or photoreceptor origin did not differ significantly in D and ND vitreous samples (89±51 vs. 17±6 PNA+MP/μl (p=0.234); 47±25 vs. 20±13 ILB4+MP/μl (p=0.32); respectively). Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody led to a tenfold increase in endothelial MPs shedding (2418±673 CD144+MP/μl) and a complete disappearance of platelet-derived CD41+MPs in PDR vitreous samples. Anti-VEGF treatment also reduced microglial ILB4+MPs levels (3±3 MP/μl; p&lt;0.16). Conclusion: Microparticle identification in vitreous samples indicates that local anti-VEGF therapy induces massive vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. In addition, augmented platelet MPs levels in diabetic vitreous samples suggests that PDR is associated with an increased endothelial permeability, which is restored to basal level by anti-VEGF therapy
Coexistence of Graves’ disease, papillary thyroid carcinoma and unilateral benign struma ovarii: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Athanasios D. Anastasilakis, Rosaria-Maddalena Ruggeri, Stergios A. Polyzos, Polyzois Makras, Dimitra Molyva, Alfredo Campennì, Athina Gkiomisi, Christos Balaris, Panagiotis P. Fotiadis, Giovanni Tuccari, Stergios Papachatzopoulos
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Oral contraceptives and alopecia areata.
Authors: R. Vallings
Journal: BMJ (1965)

bewitching a client to death.Furthermore, suggestions of death directly implanted into the impressionable minds of young children may well prove to be particularly harmful and even disastrous, as the " Labrador case " (7 August, p. 363) so tragically illustrates.In order to collect information with a view to possible further exploration of this sub- ject, I would be interested to investigate a sample of fortune-tellers in this country who would be prepared to submit their forecasting methods to critical exposition.Secondly, I would be interested to hear from any doctor who knows of patients with anxieties resulting from foreknowledge, death premonitions, or taboo-and would welcome facts about any other patients who may have been scared or scared themselves to death.It would, of course, be essential to compare the reports with cases in which the predicted occurrence of death at a certain time was not fulfilled.Thirdly, I would like to be acquainted with the findings of any similar research which may possibly have already been undertaken on this interesting topic.-Iam, etc.,
Identification of an HLA A*0201–restricted CD8+T-cell epitope for the glycoprotein B homolog of human herpesvirus 8
Authors: Qiong J. Wang, Xiao-Li Huang, Giovanna Rappocciolo, Frank J. Jenkins, William H. Hildebrand, Zheng Fan, Elaine K. Thomas, Charles R. Rinaldo
Journal: Blood (2002)
TCT-359 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In Octogenarians: Single High Volume United Kingdom Center Experience
Authors: Refai Showkathali, Ed Boston-Griffiths, Hetalkumar Patel, Anil Ramoutar, John Davies, Alamgir Kabir, Reto Gamma, Jeremy Sayer, Gerald Clesham, Paul Kelly, Rajesh Aggarwal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A chemical genetic approach reveals distinct EphB signaling mechanisms during brain development
Authors: Michael J Soskis, Hsin-Yi Henry Ho, Brenda L Bloodgood, Michael A Robichaux, Athar N Malik, Bulent Ataman, Alex A Rubin, Janine Zieg, Chao Zhang, Kevan M Shokat, Nikhil Sharma, Christopher W Cowan, Michael E Greenberg
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2012)
Interaction between the legionnaires' disease bacterium (Legionella pneumophila) and human alveolar macrophages. Influence of antibody, lymphokines, and hydrocortisone.
Authors: T W Nash, D M Libby, M A Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

We have studied the interaction between virulent Legionella pneumophila and human alveolar macrophages, the resident phagocytes at the site of infection in Legionnaires' disease. L. pneumophila multiplied 2.5-5 logs within 3 d, as measured by colony forming units, when incubated with freshly explanted alveolar macrophages in monolayer culture. At the peak of bacterial multiplication, the alveolar macrophage monolayers were destroyed. L. pneumophila multiplied more rapidly in 4-d-old than in freshly explanted alveolar macrophages. Inside alveolar macrophages, L. pneumophila were located within membrane-bound vacuoles whose cytoplasmic sides were studded with ribosomes. Alveolar macrophages that were incubated with concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated human mononuclear cell supernatants (cytokines), inhibited L. pneumophila multiplication, and the degree of inhibition was proportional to the concentration of Con A supernatant added. Anti-L. pneumophila antibody in conjunction with complement promoted phagocytosis of L. pneumophila by alveolar macrophages. By electron microscopy, most (75%) of the phagocytized L. pneumophila were intracellular. However, freshly explanted alveolar macrophages were able to kill only 0-10% of an innoculum of L. pneumophila even in the presence of antibody and complement. At the same time, alveolar macrophages also killed opsonized Escherichia coli poorly. Increasing the ratio of macrophages to bacteria, adhering the macrophages to microcarrier beads, or preincubating the macrophages for 24 or 48 h with Con A supernatants failed to augment alveolar macrophage killing of opsonized E. coli. Corticosteroids appear to increase patient susceptibility to Legionnaires' disease. However, pretreatment of alveolar macrophages and monocytes with hydrocortisone had no influence on intracellular multiplication of L. pneumophila or on the inhibition of that multiplication by activated alveolar macrophages or monocytes. Hydrocortisone did impair cytokine-induced aggregation of alveolar macrophages. These findings demonstrate that L. pneumophila multiplies in human alveolar macrophages and that they do so within a ribosome-lined phagosome; that freshly explanted alveolar macrophages kill few L. pneumophila even in the presence of antibody and complement; that activated alveolar macrophages inhibit L. pneumophila multiplication; and that steroids do not exert a direct suppressive effect on the anti-L. pneumophila activity of activated or nonactivated alveolar macrophages. Our findings indicate that alveolar macrophages may play a central role in both the pathogenesis of Legionnaires' disease and in host defense against it. This paper shows that human resident macrophage can be activated to a higher state of antimicrobial capacity and that the human alveolar macrophage can serve as an effector call in call-mediated immunity.
Preventive Control of Hypertension
Authors: S.K. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  In response to the query on how to manage a 36-year-old man who since age 18 had had a blood pressure of 140/90 to 150/100 mm/Hg ( 210: 142, 1969), Dr. A.P. Shapiro replied, his hypertension has been nonprogressive  needs a minimum of therapy. Most authorities would agree that evidence is lacking to indicate clearly that trying to bring his blood pressure to lower levels by hypertensive drugs would improve his prognosis for longevity or for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular complications. He mentions the adverse side effects of long-term therapy with the thiazides.  There is evidence that early treatment is advisable. According to figures by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 140 systolic and 95 diastolic mm/Hg increases mortality 2.5 times over standard risk in a person of this age; for 150 systolic and 100 diastolic mm Hg, it increases 5 times ( Med World News  4: 50, 1963).
Managers attempt to hijack community medicine.
Authors: D St George
Journal: BMJ (1985)

<h3>OBJECTIVE:</h3> To find out the efficacy of Modified Alvarado (MA) scoring system in diagnosis of acute appendicitis in the overweight patients. <h3>METHODS:</h3> All the patients with suspected acute appendicitis admitted in the surgical department at King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, Al-Hassa, during the period from September 2004 to December 2006 were included in the study. Patients with score of 7 or more of modified Alvarado score were included, patients with score of 6 or less were excluded. All patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> There was total of 228 patients. Twenty -four percent were overweight and 12% patients were obese. Sixty percent of the patients had confirmed diagnosis of acute appendicitis. <h3>CONCLUSION:</h3> Modified Alvarado scoring system is an easy method for diagnosis for acute appendicitis. It can be used as complementary aid for supporting the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in overweight and obese patients.
Severity of asthma is related to endotoxin in house dust.
Authors: O Michel, J Kips, J Duchateau, F Vertongen, L Robert, H Collet, R Pauwels, R Sergysels
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

In sensitized subjects, exposure to the mite allergen appears to be only one of several factors leading to asthma. We hypothesized that in association with allergen exposure, endotoxin, a proinflammatory agent present in house dust (HD), influences the severity of asthma. Using a cross-sectional study design, we investigated a group of 69 consecutive dust mite (HDM)-sensitized subjects defined as having rhinitis (n = 20) or asthma (n = 49); the latter were evaluated functionally and clinically by three different scores and by their need for daily medication. Concentrations of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus p I allergen (Der p I) (by two-site monoclonal antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]), guanine (by high-pressure liquid chromatography [HPLC]), and endotoxin (by modified Limulus. amebocyte lysate assay) were measured in HD collected in duplicate from the mattresses and floors in each subject's home. The concentrations of Der p I and of guanine in HD collected from mattresses were significantly higher in asthmatic subjects than in those with rhinitis (p < 0.05 and < 0.04, respectively). In subjects (n = 37) exposed to a high level of HDM allergen (i.e., Der p I > or = 10 micrograms/g HD and/or guanine > or = 0.10 mg/100 mg HD), the severity of asthma was unrelated to mite allergen concentration in HD. On the contrary, the severity of asthma was related to concomitant exposure to endotoxin in HD, since the concentration of HD endotoxin was significantly and inversely correlated with FEV1 (p < 0.05), FEV1/FVC (p < 0.02), daily need for oral (p < 0.01) and inhaled (p < 0.01) corticosteroids, daily need for beta 2 agonists (p < 0.001) and xanthines (p < 0.01), and clinical scores such as the modified Aas score (p < 0.01). In HDM-sensitized subjects exposed to a high level of allergen, the concentration of endotoxin measured in HD is an important determinant of asthma severity.
Up-regulated expression in nonhematopoietic tissues of the BCL2A1-derived minor histocompatibility antigens in response to inflammatory cytokines: relevance for allogeneic immunotherapy of leukemia
Authors: Freke M. Kloosterboer, Simone A. P. van Luxemburg-Heijs, Ronald A. van Soest, H. M. Esther van Egmond, Roel Willemze, J. H. Frederik Falkenburg
Journal: Blood (2005)
Combined ultraviolet A1 radiation and acitretin therapy as a treatment option for pityriasis rubra pilaris
Authors: R.A. Herbst, M. Vogelbruch, A. Ehnis, P. Kiehl, A. Kapp, J. Weiss
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

S ir, We read with interest the recent correspondence by Kaskel et al. 1 suggesting bath‐psoralen ultraviolet A (PUVA) for the treatment of pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP). We report a patient with PRP who was resistant to oral and systemic corticosteroids, but successfully treated with ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) phototherapy in conjunction with oral acitretin. A 63‐year‐old female patient presented with an itching erythematous eruption that became generalized despite topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy. On admission she had developed suberythroderma consisting of keratotic follicular papules and plaques which were most pronounced on the extensor surfaces but spared clear islands of normal skin ('nappes claires') ( Fig. 1a). Her palms and soles showed erythema, keratoderma and oedema. Skin biopsies from different sites confirmed the clinical diagnosis of PRP. After the patient tolerated photoprovocation with 45, 90 and 135 J/cm2 UVA1 on involved as well as on clear skin, we started whole body UVA1 phototherapy with 30 J/cm2 (UVA1 Medisun‐24000 system, Schulze & Böhm GmbH, Hürth, Germany main spectrum: 340–400 nm). Doses were then increased to 60 J/cm2 on day 2, 90 J/cm2 on days 3–7 and 100 J/cm2 on days 8–15 (total number of treatments: 15; five treatments per week; cumulative UVA1 dose: 1340 J/cm2). Additionally, we started her on 25 mg oral acitretin daily (Neotigason®; Roche, Grenzach‐Whylen, Germany) . Pruritus stopped within days and the suberythroderma improved dramatically shortly after UVA1 phototherapy was started; the patient retained only slight erythema (Fig. 1b) after completion of UVA1 phototherapy. After 6 months she is still taking alternating doses of 10 and 20 mg acitretin daily, but remains stable, without pruritus and just with mild erythema.
AB1042 Dietary Patterns, Macronutrients and Alcohol as Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: B. Sundström, I. Johansson, S. Rantapää-Dahlqvist
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> There is a growing interest in the role of lifestyle factors, such as dietary habits and alcohol consumption, in development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The methodology in analysing dietary factors have in recent years improved through the development of scoring methods of dietary patterns creating new possibilities to evaluate the impact of diet. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether alcohol and diet, assessed as both macronutrients and dietary patterns, increased the risk of subsequent development of RA through a nested case-control design in the Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIP) cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 386 individuals (271 women, 115 men) who previously had stated their dietary habits as part VIP before the onset of symptoms of RA. For comparison, 1886 matched controls were identified from the same database. Diet was assessed as food groups, as macronutrients and as scores of dietary patterns, namely the carbohydrate-restricted diet score, the Mediterranean diet score and the healthy diet indicator score. Analyses where performed using logistic regression, reporting Odds Ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) on tertiles with the lowest category as reference. Subgroup analyses were conducted on the cases stratified for human leukocyte antigen shared epitope (HLA-SE) and for development of rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP) positive RA. <h3>Results</h3> When analysing dietary patterns, consumption of food groups and different macronutrients a significant association was only found in the highest tertile for a carbohydrate restricted diet among anti-CCP positive RA (OR=1.38, 95% CI 1.01-1.90, as well as in the highest tertile of protein consumption among smokers (OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.09-2.95). However, after additional adjustment for sodium intake these associations lost significance. No association between alcohol consumption and risk for RA could be observed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There were no significant associations of the dietary patterns studied on the risk for development of RA in this cohort. Neither were there any associations to the risk for RA with alcohol consumption and on diet examined as macronutrients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1593
Polycythaemia rubra vera and water-induced pruritus: blood histamine levels and cutaneous fibrinolytic activity before and after water challenge
Authors: H.K. STEINMAN, A. KOBZA-BLACK, W. GREAVES, T.M. LOTTI, E. PANCONESI, L. BRUNETTI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

We studied blood histamine activity (HA) and cutaneous fibrinolytic activity (CFA) in a patient with polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) and water-induced pruritus, before and after water exposure. The results suggest that the water-induced itching in PRV is associated with an increase in HA. In addition, markedly increased levels of CFA were found both before and after water exposure. These findings have been previously reported in patients with aquagenic pruritus (AP) but not in patients with PRV. As the water-induced itching in PRV and AP share many common features, these findings suggest that the pathophysiology of the water-induced pruritus in these two conditions may be similar.
Treatment with interferon alfa-2b of chronic HDV hepatitis in children
Authors: A Craxi, V Di Marco, R Volpes, S Marra, M Rizzetto, F Rosina, C Barbera, F Bortolotti, C Crivellaro, C Iannuzzi, R Calzia, R Giacchino, A Timitilli, P Vajro, A Fontanella, C Pintus
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1990)
Treatment of Shock in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sarah A. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ALTHOUGH shock complicating acute myocardial infarction is a catastrophic event, it should not be approached with an attitude of hopelessness; instead, a stepwise logical evaluation and treatment should be undertaken. Such evaluation and treatment requires adequate monitoring of certain critical hemodynamic measurements since the shock syndrome is, after all, a manifestation of preterminal hemodynamic deterioration. The clinical syndrome includes depression of the CNS as manifested by obtundation, decreased renal perfusion as manifested by oliguria to less than 0.5 ml of urine per minute, and decreased peripheral perfusion as manifested by cold cyanotic extremities. Acute myocardial infarction should be documented electrocardiographically and confirmed by enzyme studies. In addition to a standard ECG for the rhythm changes, hemodynamic monitoring must include a direct measurement of intraarterial pressure and some measure of left ventricular filling pressures. Indirect measurements of left ventricular filling pressure are the pulmonary-capillary wedge pressure and the end-diastolic pressure in
Smoking draws fire at yet another medical facility
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Without fanfare or fuss, cigarette vending machines have been quietly removed from the campus of the Medical College of Georgia in Augusta. Tobacco products are no longer sold in stores on the campus. And smoking is permitted only in designated areas throughout the medical facility, including the hospital, as is true in a number of other medical facilities around the nation.  We thought that the whole campus should be smoke-free and that there should be [only limited] areas for smokers, explains Jesse Steinfeld, MD. Steinfeld, a former surgeon general of the Public Health Service, was dean of the medical school when these changes were instituted and now is president of the Medical College of Georgia.  With these changes, Steinfeld continues his role as an antismoking activist. As surgeon general from 1969 until 1973, he strengthened wording of the warning label on cigarette packages.  Of the recently passed legislation mandating stronger
Decline in teenage smoking with rise in mobile phone ownership: hypothesis
Authors: A. Charlton
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—The good news is that the seemingly inexorable rise in teenage smoking in Britain has reversed. A sharp decline in the late 1990s has been as fast as the rise in the early 1990s. The table shows changes since the peak in 1996.1

View this table:

Percentages of teenagers who smoked weekly in 1996 and 19991



We hypothesise that the fall in youth smoking and the rise in ownership of mobile phones among adolescents are related. The functions that …