tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Left ventricular hypertrophy: relationship of anatomic, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings.
Authors: N Reichek, R B Devereux
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Anatomic, echocardiographic and ECG findings of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were compared in 34 subjects. Echocardiographic LV mass correlated weel with postmortem LV weight (r = 0.96) and accurately diagnosed LVH (sensitivity 93%, specificity 95%). In contrast, Romhilt-Estes (RE) point score and Sokolow-Lyon (SL) voltage criteria for ECG LVH were insensitive (50% and 21%, respectively) but specific (both 95%). RE correlated weakly with LV weight (r = 0.64), but SL did not. Echocardiographic LV mass was then compared with RE and SL in an unselected clinical series of 100 subjects, in 28 subjects with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and in 14 with severe aortic regurgitation (AR). Results in the clinical series were comparable to those in the necropsy series. In the AS and AR groups, with a high prevalence of LVH, the low sensitivity of RE point score and Sl criteria led to poor overall results. Analysis of individual ECG variables showed that most voltage information is contained in leads aVL and V1. Correction of voltage for distance from the left ventricle did not substantially improve results. Individual nonvoltage criteria were each nearly as sensitive as RE point score. We could not devise new ECG criteria that improved diagnostic results. We conclude that the ECG is specific but insensitive in recognition of LVH. Moreover, when true LVH prevalence is less than 10%, more false-positive than true-positive diagnoses will be obtained. M-mode echocardiographic LV mass is superior to ECG criteria for clinical diagnosis of LVH.
K-Ras and H-Ras Activation Promote Distinct Consequences on Endometrial Cell Survival
Authors: Yumiko Ninomiya, Kiyoko Kato, Akira Takahashi, Yousuke Ueoka, Tetsuya Kamikihara, Takahiro Arima, Takao Matsuda, Hidenori Kato, Jun-ichi Nishida, Norio Wake
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract A considerable amount of evidence indicates that Ras signaling contributes to the development of endometrial cancer. We previously demonstrated that endometrial cancer cells carrying oncogenic [12Val]K-ras were susceptible to apoptosis. The present study examined the role of K-and H-Ras in the induction of apoptosis using rat endometrial cells (RENT4 cells). We found that constitutively activated K-Ras promoted apoptotic cell death, whereas the H-Ras mutant rescued rat endometrial cells from apoptosis. Expression of a constitutively active form of Raf-1 (Raf-CAAX) promoted apoptosis, whereas expression of a constitutively active catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, p110K227E, allowed cells to escape from apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of the MEK-MAPK pathway by the specific inhibitor, UO126, rescued the cells from apoptosis, whereas the inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase by its specific inhibitor, LY294002, promoted apoptosis in RENT4 cells expressing activated K-Ras. However, both inhibitors promoted apoptosis in RENT4 cells expressing activated H-Ras. This difference in the regulation of apoptosis by the MEK inhibitor between K-Ras- and H-Ras-expressing cells depended on the interaction of effector proteins downstream of each Ras isoform. Finally, to elucidate the role of downstream K-Ras signal pathways, we generated K-Ras effector domain mutants (K12V35S, K12V40C). We examined the incidence of apoptotic cell death induced by the K-Ras effector domain mutants (K12V35S, K12V40C). The relative ratio of phospho-MAPK to phospho-Akt compared with that of mock cells was higher in K12V35S cells than in K12V40C cells. Ectopic expression of K12V35S protein increased the proportion of apoptotic cells, and in turn, the expression of K12V40C protein decreased compared with the expression of K12V protein without the effector domain mutant. These results demonstrate that K- and H-Ras-mediated signaling pathways exert distinct effects on apoptosis and that K-Ras downstream Raf/MEK/MAPK pathway is required for the induction of apoptosis in endometrial cells. Coordination of the two pathways contributes to endometrial cell survival.
Serum -Fetoprotein: Diagnostic Significance in Liver Disease
Authors: E. Ruoslahti, M. Salaspuro, H. Pihko, L. Andersson, M. Seppala
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Raised serum α-fetoprotein levels measured by radioimmunoassay were found in 19 out of 24 (79%) patients with primary liver cancer and in 32 out of 311 (10%) patients with other liver diseases. The rise was transient in cases of hepatitis and a transient rise was also seen after alcohol intake ceased in two patients with cirrhosis. α-Fetoprotein levels exceeding 500 ng/ml were 30-50 times more common in primary liver cancer than in other liver diseases. A rise in level seems to reflect the extent of liver regeneration in liver diseases other than primary cancer.
An outbreak of Salmonella Newport associated with mung bean sprouts in Germany and the Netherlands, October to November 2011
Authors: C Bayer, H Bernard, R Prager, W Rabsch, P Hiller, B Malorny, B Pfefferkorn, C Frank, A de Jong, I Friesema, K Stark, B M Rosner
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

The largest Salmonella enterica serovar Newport outbreak (n=106) ever reported in Germany occurred in October and November 2011. Twenty associated cases were reported in the Netherlands. The outbreak investigation included an analytical epidemiological study, molecular typing of human and food isolates and food traceback investigations. Unspecified Salmonella had been detected in samples of mung bean sprouts at a sprout producer (producer A) in the Netherlands and mung bean sprouts contaminated with S. Newport had been found during routine sampling at a sprout distributor in Germany. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis of sprouts being the infection vehicle. In a case-control study, we compared 50 notified adult S. Newport cases with 45 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis cases regarding their food consumption in the three days before illness. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, only sprout consumption was significantly associated with S. Newport infection (odds ratio: 18.4; 95% confidence interval: 2.2-150.2). Molecular typing patterns of human isolates were indistinguishable from a mung bean sprouts isolate. Traceback of sprouts led to distributors and producer A in the Netherlands. Since sprouts are frequently contaminated with microorganisms, consumers need to be aware that consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked sprouts may pose a health risk.
Dennis Snow Ridley
Authors: A. Bryceson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Dennis Snow Ridley will be best remembered for his publications with William Jopling in 1962 and 1966 on the classification of leprosy according to immunity. These were followed by a third publication with Michael Waters in 1969 that provided vital prognostic insight to the complexities of the lepromatous end of the leprosy spectrum, where he distinguished a sub-polar group of patients whose potential gradually to regain immunity could lead to years of immune reactions and severe nerve damage.

Although the Ridley-Jopling classification was originally proposed for the purposes of research, it made supreme clinical sense and soon became the sheet-anchor of leprologists the world over and the basis for all clinical …
Amplified Expression Profiling of Platelet Transcriptome Reveals Changes in Arginine Metabolic Pathways in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Nalini Raghavachari, Xiuli Xu, Amy Harris, Jose Villagra, Carolea Logun, Jennifer Barb, Michael A. Solomon, Anthony F. Suffredini, Robert L. Danner, Gregory Kato, Peter J. Munson, Sidney M. Morris, Mark T. Gladwin
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— In sickle cell disease, ischemia-reperfusion injury and intravascular hemolysis produce endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy characterized by reduced nitric oxide and arginine bioavailability. Recent functional studies of platelets in patients with sickle cell disease reveal a basally activated state, which suggests that pathological platelet activation may contribute to sickle cell disease vasculopathy. Methods and Results— Studies were therefore undertaken to examine transcriptional signaling pathways in platelets that may be dysregulated in sickle cell disease. We demonstrate and validate in the present study the feasibility of comparative platelet transcriptome studies on clinical samples from single donors by the application of RNA amplification followed by microarray-based analysis of 54 000 probe sets. Data mining an existing microarray database, we identified 220 highly abundant genes in platelets and a subset of 72 relatively platelet-specific genes, defined by &gt;10-fold increased expression compared with the median of other cell types in the database with amplified transcripts. The highly abundant platelet transcripts found in the present study included 82% or 70% of platelet-abundant genes identified in 2 previous gene expression studies on nonamplified mRNA from pooled or apheresis samples, respectively. On comparing the platelet gene expression profiles in 18 patients with sickle cell disease in steady state to those of 12 black control subjects, at a 3-fold cutoff and 5% false-discovery rate, we identified ≈100 differentially expressed genes, including multiple genes involved in arginine metabolism and redox homeostasis. Further characterization of these pathways with real-time polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays revealed increased arginase II expression and activity and decreased platelet polyamine levels. Conclusions— The present studies suggest a potential pathogenic role for platelet arginase and altered arginine and polyamine metabolism in sickle cell disease and provide a novel framework for the study of disease-specific platelet biology.
C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, and Soluble Adhesion Molecules as Predictors of Progressive Peripheral Atherosclerosis in the General Population
Authors: Ioanna Tzoulaki, Gordon D. Murray, Amanda J. Lee, Ann Rumley, Gordon D.O. Lowe, F. Gerald R. Fowkes
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— The relationship between levels of circulating inflammatory markers and risk of progressive atherosclerosis is relatively undetermined. We therefore studied inflammatory markers as predictors of peripheral atherosclerotic progression, measured by the ankle-brachial index (ABI) at 3 consecutive time points over 12 years. Methods and Results— The Edinburgh Artery Study is a population cohort study of 1592 men and women aged 55 to 74 years. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin were measured at baseline. Valid ABI measurements were obtained on 1582, 1081, and 813 participants at baseline and 5-year and 12-year follow-up examinations, respectively. At baseline, a significant trend was found between higher plasma levels of CRP ( P ≤0.05) and increasing severity of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), after adjustment for baseline cardiovascular risk factors. IL-6 at baseline ( P ≤0.001) was associated with progressive atherosclerosis at 5 years (ABI change from baseline), and CRP ( P ≤0.01), IL-6 ( P ≤0.001), and ICAM-1 ( P ≤0.01) were associated with changes at 12 years, independently of baseline ABI, cardiovascular risk factors, and baseline cardiovascular disease. Only IL-6 independently predicted ABI change at 5 years ( P ≤0.01) and 12 years ( P ≤0.05) in analyses of all inflammatory markers simultaneously and adjusted for baseline ABI, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease at baseline. Conclusions— These findings suggest that CRP, IL-6, and ICAM-1 are molecular markers associated with atherosclerosis and its progression. IL-6 showed more consistent results and stronger independent predictive value than other inflammatory markers.
Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Serum Ethanol Levels
Authors: Jean-Pierre Raufman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 November 1993Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Serum Ethanol LevelsJean-Pierre Raufman, MD, Vincent Notar-Francesco, MD, and Robert D. Raffaniello, MDJean-Pierre Raufman, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Vincent Notar-Francesco, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Robert D. Raffaniello, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the comments made by Dr. Jones on our recent article [1] about the lack of interaction between histamine-2-receptor antagonists and orally ingested ethanol.Dr. Jones is correct in noting that the breath ethanol values given in our article actually represent an estimation of blood ethanol concentration. This was clearly stated in the legend to Figure 4: Values determined using the Lion Alcolmeter actually represent blood ethanol concentrations. We felt that referring to these values as breath ethanol, rather than blood ethanol, would be less confusing for most readers.Dr. Jones suggests that error may account for ...References1. Raufman J-P, Notar-Francesco V, Raffaniello RD, Straus EW. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists do not alter serum ethanol levels in fed, nonalcoholic men. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:488-94. Google Scholar2. Jones AW. Observations on the specificity of breath-alcohol analyzers used for clinical and medicolegal purposes. J Forensic Sci. 1989; 34:842-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIs there an Interaction Between H2-Antagonists and Alcohol? 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 952-953KeywordsAttentionBloodChromatographyEthanolMouthPharynx ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Gene polymorphisms of TNF-b and IL-6, but not TNF-a, are associated with the inflammatory response in ischemic heart disease
Authors: Luigi M. Biasucci, Giovanna Liuzzo, Chiara Stranieri, Matteo Santamaria, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Vittoria Rizzello, Giovanna Di Gianuario, Francesca Ginnetti, Annalisa Porto, PierFranco Pignatti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Induction of labour by intra-amniotic hypertonic saline.
Authors: D. R. Millar, L. P. Harvey
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Ischaemic Heart Disease-Goodhart and Dewar BDI&ARLJShRNAL 327 300 mg. or less.The activity lay within the normal range and did not correlate with cholesterol levels.Atromid-S (clofibrate) lowered the serum cholesterol significantly in 15 of the patients compared with 15 controls.Fibrinolytic activity did not change significantly in either treated or control groups.These results are in striking contrast with those of a previous trial involving patients with hypercholesterolaemia.
Clinical Use of Atrial Pacing Test in Angina Pectoris
Authors: R. Balcon, W. C. Maloy, E. Sowton
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Atrial pacing can be used as a safe test in the assessment of patients with angina pectoris. The results are useful in clinical judgements, and this method of investigation may be indicated for patients in whom the diagnosis of angina pectoris is in doubt or who are being considered for surgical treatment of ischaemic heart disease.
Mast cells counteract regulatory T-cell suppression through interleukin-6 and OX40/OX40L axis toward Th17-cell differentiation
Authors: Silvia Piconese, Giorgia Gri, Claudio Tripodo, Silvia Musio, Andrea Gorzanelli, Barbara Frossi, Rosetta Pedotti, Carlo E. Pucillo, Mario P. Colombo
Journal: Blood (2009)
Ad hoc and Fast Forward: The Science of Hormesis Growth and Development
Authors: Paul Mushak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Hormesis is a binary response phenomenon with low-dose stimulation (or inhibition) of effects by substances producing opposite high-dose responses. Hormesis, after decades of obscurity, has undergone a renaissance in recent years, with rapid growth benefiting greatly from the systematized efforts of such proponents as the hormesis group at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst led by Edward J. Calabrese.In this commentary I analyze chemical hormesis methodology with reference to ad hoc scientific approaches for defining and characterizing hormesis.Proponents of hormesis have attempted a scientific characterization of hormesis through a battery of ad hoc methodologies using unvalidated criteria and other mechanisms for persistent database searches rather than through de novo hypothesis testing specific for hormesis. Here I discuss various scientific problems with this search-over-experiment approach, as well as other aspects of attempts at defining and characterizing the field.Wide acceptance of hormesis by the broad scientific community and adoption of hormesis by public agencies for inclusion in health and regulatory policies have not occurred. Reasons may include the singular nature of hormesis research and directions followed in hormesis methodologies.
Adrenomedullin inhibits connective tissue growth factor expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and renal fibrosis
Authors: T. Nagae, K. Mori, M. Mukoyama, M. Kasahara, H. Yokoi, T. Suganami, K. Sawai, T. Yoshioka, M. Koshikawa, Y. Saito, Y. Ogawa, T. Kuwabara, I. Tanaka, A. Sugawara, T. Kuwahara, K. Nakao
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Environmental tobacco smoke, wheezing, and asthma in children in 24 communities.
Authors: J Cunningham, G T O'Connor, D W Dockery, F E Speizer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The association of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at home with asthma and several measures of wheeze was examined among 11,534 children aged 8 to 11 yr in 24 communities in the United States and Canada in 1988 through 1990. Information on the child's respiratory symptoms in the past year and history of exposure to ETS was provided by the child's mother on a questionnaire. After adjusting for potential confounders, children currently exposed to ETS were at greater risk of wheezing with colds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.4 to 1.9), going to a hospital emergency room for wheeze (OR = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.2), and having persistent wheeze (OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.8). The relative odds of these symptoms increased with exposure level, and there was no evidence of a difference in the association with smoking by mother, father, or other adults. In contrast to wheeze symptoms, active doctor-diagnosed asthma and asthma medication use were not significantly associated with ETS exposure at home, possibly reflecting underdiagnosis of asthma, reporting bias, or smoking cessation by parents whose child is labeled asthmatic. We conclude that exposure to ETS is associated with wheezing symptoms, medical therapy for wheezing, and wheezing-related emergency department visits in U.S. and Canadian children.
The Clinical Features of Sclerosteosis
Authors: PETER BEIGHTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Sclerosteosis is a unique autosomal recessive condition in which skeletal overgrowth is associated with syndactyly and digital malformation. Analysis of the course and clinical features in 25 affected individuals showed that the condition is progressive and potentially lethal. Facial palsy and deafness are common complications and raised intracranial pressure may develop. The clinical and radiographic stigmata of sclerosteosis permit differentiation from the other disorders of the "osteopetrosis" or "Albers-Schönberg disease" group, in which bony thickening and cranial nerve palsy occur.
Prompt engraftment using autologous peripheral blood stem cells for double autologous bone marrow rescue
Authors: Christopher D. Hillyer, Raymond L. Comenzo, Kenneth B. Miller, David P. Schenkein, Karen O. Tiegerman, Terry A. Fogaren, David E. Wazer, Leroy Parker, Ross A. Abrams, Jane F. Desforges, Richard A. Rudders, Eugene M. Berkman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract A patient with Hodgkin's Disease, stage IIIA, was treated for recurrent disease with autologous peripheral blood stem cells after ablative chemotherapy. Bone marrow rescue occurred promptly and his disease was significantly reduced. Ablative chemotherapy was administered again and a second bone marrow rescue with peripheral blood stem cells was successful. Sequential peripheral blood stem cell bone marrow rescue, following high dose chemotherapy, may provide an alternative approach in selected patients.
"REPORT OF A CASE OF PRIMARY TUBERCULOSIS OF FAUCIAL TONSILS"
Authors: Herman Schwatt
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, Sept. 21, 1918, p. 968, there appears a "Report of a Case of Primary Tuberculosis of the Faucial Tonsils" by Major Oertel and Captain Griot. Without going into the subject of primary tuberculosis of the faucial tonsils, I should like to call attention to the fact that the report is far from convincing. As a matter of fact, it is rather self-contradictory. From the physical examination it would appear that the patient in question was suffering from advanced tuberculosis of the larynx and pulmonary tuberculosis. The laryngeal condition would indicate disease of rather long standing. The lung signs, although limited do not preclude the possibility of more extensive disease of. long duration. The laboratory report by no means clinches the diagnosis and describes nothing characteristic. That the mucus recovered from the larynx showed the presence of tubercle bacilli would further indicate very conclusively the
Abstract 3234: Fiber optic-guided photosensitizer drug delivery
Authors: Matibur Zamadar, Goutam Ghosh, Adaickapillai Mahendran, Mihaela Minnis, Bonnie I. Kruft, Bonnie I. Kruft, Ashwini Ghogare, David Aebisher, Alexander Greer
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract A fiber optic device has been developed with a maneuverable probe tip that sparges oxygen gas and photo-detaches pheophorbide (sensitizer) molecules. Singlet oxygen is produced at the probe tip surface which reacts with an alkene bridge causing the release of sensitizer upon fragmentation of a dioxetane intermediate. For optimal sensitizer release the probe tip was loaded with 0.3% sensitizer resulting, where crowding of pheophorbide molecules and self-quenching were kept to a minimum. The fiber optic device delivers pheophorbide molecules and singlet oxygen to discrete locations. Site-selective release of pheophorbide occurred in lipophilic media, it was quantitative in petrolatum (petroleum jelly, 100%), and was inefficient in toluene (5%) and water (&amp;lt;1%) due to poor the solvation. The results open the door to applications in tumor eradication in lipophilic and hypoxic structures requiring cytotoxic control. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3234. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3234