tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A chcal overview of Tilarin
Authors: IVO G. KNOTTNERUS, PATRICIA A. RILEY
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Knottnerus I. G., Riley P A. A clinical overview of Tilarin. Tilarina® is a nasal spray containing 1% nedocromil sodium, a non-toxic pyranoquinoline dicarboxylate compound with potent antiallergic antiinflammatory properties. As a first-line topical treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) the pharmacokinetics of nedocromil sodium nasal formulation are such that it rivals sodium cromoglycate for safety. Less than 8% of the total dose of nedocromil sodium is systemically absorbed from the nasal mucosa, and this is reversibly bound to plasma proteins and is cleared rapidly from the circulation. Nedocromil sodium is eliminated unmetabolised in the urine and faeces, with an elimination half-life of 5.3±20.9 minutes. No sigdcant adverse effects have been reported following intranasal administration of 1% nedocromil sodium four times daily, to a total of 964 patients with allergic rhinitis during clinical trials. Laboratory studies have shown that nedocromil sodium has a more wide-ranging pharmacological antiinflammatory profile than sodium cromoglycate and this is manifest in its clinical efficacy in allergic asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis. Analysis of pooled data from a series of double-blind, placebo-controlled group comparative studies in SAR patients demonstrated that, despite a significantly lower use of rescue antihistamines than with placebo treatment (31% reduction; p=0.005), four times daily dosage with nedocromil sodium 1% nasal spray sigmficantly reduced daily symptoms of rhinitis (p < 0.001) and was considered effective by the majority of patients (p < 0.001). Specific examples of the therapeutic efficacy of nedocromil sodium compared with placebo in patients with grass or ragweed pollen SAR can be found in the literature. One ragweed study (1) included four times daily sodium cromoglycate 4% nasal spray as an active comparator and showed a consistent, if non-significant, trend in favour of nedocromil sodium 1%, which was the more effective drug in comparison to placebo. An Italian paediatric study (2) compared nedocromil sodium 1% nasal spray with placebo in 149 children of whom 72% were under twelve years of age. After one week, the clinicians observed a significant reduction (p=0.03) in sneezing with nedocromil sodium and after four weeks, patient (p < 0.01) and clinican (p < 0.001) opinions favoured the active treatment. Overall, the clinical profile of topical nedocromil sodium in SAR demonstrates fast relief of existing symptoms, sustained efficacy with four times daily use during peak pollen challenge, and a reduced need for concomitant symptomatic therapies. Nedocromil sodium 1% nasal spray is well tolerated, with minimal side-effects, and is acceptable to a wide age-range of patients.
Overpopulation is main driver
Authors: P. Hayes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a newly defined diagnostic syndrome that unifies key features of chronic subjective dizziness, phobic postural vertigo and related disorders. It describes a common chronic dysfunction of the vestibular system and brain that produces persistent dizziness, non-spinning vertigo and/or unsteadiness. The disorder constitutes a long-term maladaptation to a neuro-otological, medical or psychological event that triggered vestibular symptoms, and is usefully considered within the spectrum of other functional neurological disorders. While diagnostic tests and conventional imaging usually remain negative, patients with PPPD present in a characteristic way that maps on to positive diagnostic criteria. Patients often develop secondary functional gait disorder, anxiety, avoidance behaviour and severe disability. Once recognised, PPPD can be managed with effective communication and tailored treatment strategies, including specialised physical therapy (vestibular rehabilitation), serotonergic medications and cognitive-behavioural therapy.
Nasal challenge with cold, dry air results in release of inflammatory mediators. Possible mast cell involvement.
Authors: A G Togias, R M Naclerio, D Proud, J E Fish, N F Adkinson, A Kagey-Sobotka, P S Norman, L M Lichtenstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The purpose of our study was to assess the effect of cold, dry air (CDA) on the nasal mucosa of selected individuals in relation to the release of inflammatory mediators associated with mast cells. 12 subjects with a history of nasal symptoms of rhinorrhea and congestion upon cold or dry environmental exposure were challenged by nasal breathing of CDA and warm, moist air (WMA). Each subject was tested on two occasions with the order of the challenges reversed. Symptom scores were recorded, and the levels of histamine, prostaglandin (PG) D2, kinins, and [3H]-N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME)-esterase activity in nasal lavage fluids were measured. CDA caused a significant increase in mediator levels and in symptom scores as compared to baseline or to WMA. No significant increase in symptom scores or mediators was noted after WMA challenge, with the exception of a marginal increase in kinins. The response to CDA was similar, regardless of challenge order. Changes in mediators correlated with one another, and symptom scores correlated significantly with the levels of histamine, kinins, and PGD2. Five subjects without a history of nasal symptoms on cold air exposure had no change in mediators or symptom scores after CDA or WMA challenge. We conclude that CDA causes the release of inflammatory mediators possibly associated with mast cells and speculate that such a mechanism may be involved in the bronchospasm induced by CDA in asthmatics.
Sources of Disparity in the Spectrum of Diabetes Mellitus at Incidence and Prevalence
Authors: L Joseph Melton, James W Ochi, Pasquale J Palumbo, Chu-Pin Chu
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

In a population-based study in Rochester, Minnesota, the clinical characteristics of 1135 patients newly diagnosed with diabetes (1945–69) were compared with those of 810 residents with diabetes mellitus on prevalence day (1 January 1970). The prevalence patients were older and the male:female ratio was reduced from that seen among incidence cases. The prevalence patients were more likely to be on oral agents, had lower fasting blood glucose levels, were less likely to be symptomatic, but were more likely to have macrovascular and microvascular complications. These differences seemed to come about as a result of variation in survival rates among patients with specific characteristics, differential migration of certain groups of patients, and changes in the status of individuals.
Hairy cell leukemia cell lines expressing annexin A1 and displaying B-cell receptor signals characteristic of primary tumor cells lack the signature BRAF mutation to reveal unrepresentative origins
Authors: N J Weston-Bell, D Hendriks, G Sugiyarto, N A Bos, H C Kluin-Nelemans, F Forconi, S S Sahota
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
E.E.G. and Personality Factors in Baby Batterers
Authors: S. M. Smith, L. Honigsberger, C. A. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Out of 35 parents who battered their children eight had an abnormal E.E.G. All of these were found to be psychopathic, of low intelligence, and to be persistent batterers. The presence of an abnormal E.E.G. strongly suggests that some baby batterers are more closely related to those who commit acts of violence and that taken as a whole they are not a homogenous group about whom it is safe to generalize. The possibility of a separate subgroup among baby batterers, therefore, needs close attention.
Indirect blood pressure recording in helicopters
Authors: J. C. Dillon
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The use of helicopters in the civilian community is markedly increasing. One of their most vital tasks is the handling of injured or acutely ill individuals. The use of helicopters in the Republic of South Vietnam to rapidly move people from the field of battle to primary medical facilities has decreased combat mortality and morbidity significantly. In the United States, the use of the helicopter in the handling of automobile accidents, other types of industrial accidents or injuries, and the rapid transfer of injured or ill patients from one hospital facility to another has found an increasing demand. One problem facing physicians and allied medical personnel involved in the use of helicopters today is the monitoring of a patient's vital signs while in flight. The high noise and vibration levels of most helicopters make the usual indirect recording of blood pressure impossible. The following study was undertaken
OKLAHOMA-ARKANSAS REGIONAL MEETING: Mayo Hotel, Tulsa, Okla.: Saturday, September 30, 1950
Authors: Wann Langston, A. A. Blair
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1950)

College News Notes1 September 1950OKLAHOMA-ARKANSAS REGIONAL MEETINGSaturday, September 30, 1950WANN LANGSTON, M.D., F.A.C.P., A. A. BLAIR, M.D., F.A.C.P.WANN LANGSTON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, A. A. BLAIR, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-33-3-750 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPROGRAMMORNING SESSION9:00 Registration.9:45 Welcome.Presiding OfficerEMRY G. HYATT, M.D., F.A.C.P., Tulsa10:00 Recent Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Vascular Disease.R. E. CARPENTER, M.D. (Associate), Oklahoma City, Okla.10:15 Relationship of Vitamins to Disease.PAUL DAY (by invitation), Professor of Chemistry, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, Ark.10:30 Anterior Pituitary Insufficiency.PAUL STRONG, M.D. (Associate), Tulsa, Okla.10:45 Pulmonary Emphysema; A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Problem.JOHN J. DONNELL, M.D. (Associate), Oklahoma City, Okla.11:00 What's New in Medicine.HOWARDC. COGGESHALL, M.D., F.A.C.P., Dallas, Tex., and ARTHURA. HELLBAUM, M.D. (by invitation), Professor... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Class is Greener on the Other Side: How Private Donations to Public Schools Play into Fair Funding 1 September 1950Volume 33, Issue 3Page: 750-763KeywordsEmphysemaVascular diseasesVitamins Issue Published: 1 September 1950 PDF downloadLoading ...
Antibodies to the human 60 kDa heat-shock protein in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: K. Kilidireas, S.A. Sadiq, A.D. Gorig, N. Latov, D.H. Strauss, G.A. Hashim, J.M. Gorman
Journal: The Lancet (1992)

Immune mechanisms are thought to be important in a subpopulation of patients with schizophrenia. We examined the specificity of neural antibodies in patients with schizophrenia to identify a possible antigen. Serum antibodies from patients with schizophrenia and control subjects were tested for binding to protein extracts of human neuroblastoma cells by western blot. Protein antigens were characterised by aminoterminal and internal aminoacid sequence analysis. 14 of 32 (44%) otherwise healthy patients with schizophrenia had antibodies to a neuroblastoma protein of molecular weight 60 kDa. By partial sequence analysis, this protein was identified as the 60 kDa human heat-shock protein (hsp) that is the P1 mitochondrial protein, and which is 50% homologous to the mycobacterial 65 kDa hsp. Antigens that crossreact with hsp65 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and autoimmune diabetes in mice. Of 100 normal subjects or disease controls, antibodies to hsp60 were found in only 8 patients, all of whom had active infectious or inflammatory disease. Our results support the presence of abnormal immune reactivity involving hsp60 in a subset of patients with schizophrenia. The immune response may be related to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collagen Degradation and the Response to Parathyroid Extract in the Intact Rhesus Monkey*
Authors: Louis V. Avioli, Darwin J. Prockop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Proline-(14)C was administered to five adult rhesus monkeys, and the degradation of collagen was followed by the excretion of hydroxyproline-(14)C. The results suggested the presence of at least three separate pools of collagen with half-lives of 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 50 to 70 days. The monkeys were killed after 44 days; at that time the specific activity of the hydroxyproline-(14)C in urine was found to be four to five times that of the hydroxyproline in soluble collagen and 81 to 93% that of hydroxyproline in insoluble collagen. The relationships between urinary hydroxyproline and the degradation of collagen were similar to those previously demonstrated in rats. Parathyroid hormone was administered daily to two of the monkeys from the 27th to the 44th day of the study. The parathyroid hormone increased the amount of hydroxyproline-(14)C excreted, but there was no significant change in the specific activity of the urinary hydroxyproline-(14)C. Since under the conditions of the experiment insoluble collagen was the only possible source of hydroxyproline-(14)C of relatively high specific activity, the results indicated that parathyroid hormone directly or indirectly increased the degradation of insoluble collagen. The results also suggested that parathyroid hormone increased the degradation of soluble collagen, but the relative magnitude of this effect was not clearly established.
ABC of Colorectal Diseases.
Authors: A LEATHER
Journal: Gut (2000)

ABC of Colorectal Diseases. 2nd edn. Edited by Jones DJ. (Pp 109; illustrated; £18.95.) London: BMJ Books, 1999. ISBN 0-7279-1105-8.

The series of ABC articles in the BMJ is always enjoyable. This book brings together articles that were published several years ago and were well received in the first edition of 1993. These articles have been updated and eight additional chapters have been added on constipation, diarrhoea, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, anal cancer, colorectal trauma, tropical colonic diseases, and paediatric problems.

The editor (DJ Jones) has turned vision into …
42 PEGYLATED-INTERFERON-ALPHA ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ENTECAVIR RESTORES ISG RESPONSIVENESS AND REDUCES INTRAHEPATIC VIRAL LOADS AND ANTIGENEMIA IN HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTED HUMANIZED MICE
Authors: L. Allweiss, M. Lütgehetmann, T. Volz, T. Bornscheuer, A.W. Lohse, J. Petersen, H. Ma, K. Klumpp, S. Fletcher, M. Dandri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
359 GRADE OF DIFFERENTIATION AND TUMOR CAPSULE PREDICT THE LOCAL THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA TO PERCUTANEOUS ETHANOL INJECTION: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: J.F. Castroagudin, E. Molina, I. Abdulkader, J. Forteza, M. Bustamante, J.E. Dominguez-Munoz, E. Varo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Abstract 5671: Differential roles of caveolin-1 variants in cell death in breast cancer
Authors: Robert Clarke, Zachary C. Dobbin, F.Edward Hickman, Ayesha N. Shajahan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Paclitaxel, an anti-microtubule agent, is an effective chemotherapeutic drug in breast cancer. Nonetheless, resistance to paclitaxel remains a major clinical challenge. The need to better understand the resistant phenotype, and to find biomarkers that could predict tumor response to paclitaxel is urgent. In estrogen receptor α (ER+) breast cancer cells, phosphorylation of caveolin-1 (CAV1) on Y14 facilitates mitochondrial apoptosis by increasing BCL2 phosphorylation in response to low dose paclitaxel (10 nM). Two variants of CAV1 exist; the full-length form CAV1α (wild-type CAV1 or wtCAV1) and a truncated form CAV1β. The precise cellular functions of CAV1 variants are unknown. Only wtCAV1 has the Y14 region at the N-terminus and we now show that CAV1 variants play distinct roles in paclitaxel-mediated cell death/survival. CAV1β is increased in paclitaxel resistant cells compared to sensitive cells. Expression of wtCAV1, but not CAV1β, in sensitive cells significantly increased their responsiveness to paclitaxel. These activities reflect the essential role for Y14 phosphorylation since wtCAV1 expression, but not a phosphorylation-deficient mutant (Y14F), inactivates BCL2 and BCLxL through activation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). MCF-7 cells that express Y14F are resistant to paclitaxel and are re-sensitized by co-treatment with ABT-737, a BH3-mimetic small molecule inhibitor. Thus, we highlight novel roles for CAV1 variants in cell death: wtCAV1 promotes cell death whereas CAV1β promotes cell survival by preventing inactivation of BCL2/BCLxL via JNK in paclitaxel-mediated apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5671. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5671
Immunonegative "Null Cell" Adenomas and Gonadotropin (Gn) Subunit (SUs) Immunopositive Adenomas Share Frequent Expression of Multiple Transcription Factors
Authors: Yudo Ishii, Masanori Suzuki, Susumu Takekoshi, Noboru Egashira, Michio Yamazaki, Shunsuke Miyai, Naoko Sanno, Akira Teramoto, Robert Yoshiyuki Osamura
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2006)
Anaphylaxis to Cephalothin in a Patient Allergic to Penicillin
Authors: Joseph F. Scholand
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In a patient allergic to penicillin, a severe anaphylactic reaction developed on first exposure to cephalothin. There is evidence to suggest that the cross-reactivity of cephalothin and penicillin occurs through the penicilloyl determinant. Therefore, patients who are sensitive to penicillin and who exhibit positive penicilloyl-polylysine skin tests have a greater risk of reaction to cephalothin therapy.
Display System for Laboratory Data
Authors: Robert G. Hoffmann
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  The proposal of Rushmer1for a scaling system based on the normal range to display clinical laboratory data is essentially the same as that in my paper185:864, 1963). A similar proposal has been made by Grasbeck.2  These standardized units, are used in New Zealand and Finland, but I am unaware of any use of them in the United States.  Nationwide surveys of laboratories in this and other countries show that most laboratories are unaware of how the values for their tests relate to true normal ranges. In my paper, a method was given for estimating normal ranges by individual laboratories from tests of specimens. A similar proposal was made independently by Curnow and Sheard.3  Unless a laboratory has a realistic estimate of its normal range, standardized units of the type proposed can do nothing but reveal the inadequacy of the normal range
Epidemic Asthma in New Orleans
Authors: Hans Weill, Morton M. Ziskind, Richard C. Dickerson, Vincent J. Derbes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The results to date of epidemiologic, clinical, and allergic investigation of New Orleans asthma indicate that allergenic air pollutants are associated with local outbreaks. It is probable that multiple sources of atmospheric pollution are causally related to these outbreaks. Specifically, the association of a known allergen, grain dust, and New Orleans epidemic asthma is being further investigated. Significant differences exist between the bronchitic syndrome of Tokyo-Yokohama respiratory disease and allergic air pollution asthma in New Orleans. The demonstration of allergenic air pollutants in New Orleans adds an important approach to the future investigations of chronic obstructive respiratory disease in other communities.
Induction Therapy With Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Living-Related Kidney Transplants
Authors: Jianming Tan, Weizhen Wu, Xiumin Xu, Lianming Liao, Feng Zheng, Shari Messinger, Xinhui Sun, Jin Chen, Shunliang Yang, Jinquan Cai, Xia Gao, Antonello Pileggi, Camillo Ricordi
Journal: JAMA (2012)

<h3>Context</h3>Antibody-based induction therapy plus calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) reduce acute rejection rates in kidney recipients; however, opportunistic infections and toxic CNI effects remain challenging. Reportedly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have successfully treated graft-vs-host disease.<h3>Objective</h3>To assess autologous MSCs as replacement of antibody induction for patients with end-stage renal disease who undergo ABO-compatible, cross-match–negative kidney transplants from a living-related donor.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>One hundred fifty-nine patients were enrolled in this single-site, prospective, open-label, randomized study from February 2008-May 2009, when recruitment was completed.<h3>Intervention</h3>Patients were inoculated with marrow-derived autologous MSC (1−2 × 10<sup>6</sup>/kg) at kidney reperfusion and two weeks later. Fifty-three patients received standard-dose and 52 patients received low-dose CNIs (80% of standard); 51 patients in the control group received anti–IL-2 receptor antibody plus standard-dose CNIs.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>The primary measure was 1-year incidence of acute rejection and renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]); the secondary measure was patient and graft survival and incidence of adverse events.<h3>Results</h3>Patient and graft survival at 13 to 30 months was similar in all groups. After 6 months, 4 of 53 patients (7.5%) in the autologous MSC plus standard-dose CNI group (95% CI, 0.4%-14.7%; P = .04) and 4 of 52 patients (7.7%) in the low-dose group (95% CI, 0.5%-14.9%; P = .046) compared with 11 of 51 controls (21.6%; 95% CI, 10.5%-32.6%) had biopsy-confirmed acute rejection. None of the patients in either autologous MSC group had glucorticoid-resistant rejection, whereas 4 patients (7.8%) in the control group did (95% CI, 0.6%-15.1%; overall P = .02). Renal function recovered faster among both MSC groups showing increased eGFR levels during the first month after surgery than the control group. Patients receiving standard-dose CNI had a mean difference of 6.2 mL/min per 1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (95% CI, 0.4-11.9; P=.04) and those in the low-dose CNI of 10.0 mL/min per 1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (95% CI, 3.8-16.2; P=.002). Also, during the 1-year follow-up, combined analysis of MSC-treated groups revealed significantly decreased risk of opportunistic infections than the control group (hazard ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20-0.85, P=.02)<h3>Conclusion</h3>Among patients undergoing renal transplant, the use of autologous MSCs compared with anti-IL-2 receptor antibody induction therapy resulted in lower incidence of acute rejection, decreased risk of opportunistic infection, and better estimated renal function at 1 year.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00658073
Focus: Washington: US health reform: how to achieve the achievable
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

This summer Americans are witnessing a historic debate in congress that brings out the difficulties of compromise and the reality of principle versus pragmatism. Not since 1964, when black Americans gained true voting rights, has the country witnessed the magnitude of politicking now going on in Washington over health care reform — and specifically over the meaning of universal coverage.

In 1964 President Johnson had a martyred President Kennedy and his own congressional career as assets. In 1994 President Clinton has a majority in both houses of congress and can already claim more success in pushing forward health care reform than Johnson or any other president. He has so far withstood the massive efforts of various interest groups to stop his reform plan, repeated rebuffs for cooperation by the Republican minority, and discord among his …