tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Fasting Blood Lipids in the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network Study
Authors: Marguerite R. Irvin, Degui Zhi, Roby Joehanes, Michael Mendelson, Stella Aslibekyan, Steven A. Claas, Krista S. Thibeault, Nikita Patel, Kenneth Day, Lindsay Waite Jones, Liming Liang, Brian H. Chen, Chen Yao, Hemant K. Tiwari, Jose M. Ordovas, Daniel Levy, Devin Absher, Donna K. Arnett
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Genetic research regarding blood lipids has largely focused on DNA sequence variation; few studies have explored epigenetic effects. Genome-wide surveys of DNA methylation may uncover epigenetic factors influencing lipid metabolism. Methods and Results— To identify whether differential methylation of cytosine-(phosphate)-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) correlated with lipid phenotypes, we isolated DNA from CD4+ T cells and quantified the proportion of sample methylation at &gt;450 000 CpGs by using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip in 991 participants of the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network. We modeled the percentage of methylation at individual CpGs as a function of fasting very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (TGs) by using mixed linear regression adjusted for age, sex, study site, cell purity, and family structure. Four CpGs (cg00574958, cg17058475, cg01082498, and cg09737197) in intron 1 of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A ( CPT1A ) were strongly associated with very-low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P =1.8×10 –21 to 1.6×10 –8 ) and TG ( P =1.6×10 –26 to 1.5×10 –9 ). Array findings were validated by bisulfite sequencing. We performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments demonstrating that methylation of the top CpG (cg00574958) was correlated with CPT1A expression. The association of cg00574958 with TG and CPT1A expression were replicated in the Framingham Heart Study ( P =4.1×10 –14 and 3.1×10 –13 , respectively). DNA methylation at CPT1A cg00574958 explained 11.6% and 5.5% of the variation in TG in the discovery and replication cohorts, respectively. Conclusions— This genome-wide epigenomic study identified CPT1A methylation as strongly and robustly associated with fasting very-low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and TG. Identifying novel epigenetic contributions to lipid traits may inform future efforts to identify new treatment targets and biomarkers of disease risk.
The Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Autopsy
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Following the successful negotiation of a contract between the American Medical Association and one of its federation members, the College of American Pathologists (CAP), a new version of the<i>Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine</i>began to be published as a cooperative effort in January 1984. The Archives continues to be owned and published by the AMA. All CAP members receive theArchivesas a membership benefit. The quality of paper, covers, and photographs has been improved. Twenty more pages of editorial content were added in each issue with a plan to emphasize laboratory use, systems, computers, information science, quality assurance, and laboratory management in addition to anatomic and clinical pathology of more traditional sorts. With this added distribution, the circulation is now 17,400, making the ARCHIVES the most widely circulated peer-reviewed pathology journal in the world. William W. McLendon, MD, of Chapel Hill, NC, is the new editor, replacing
The Action of Expectorants
Authors: J. A. Gunn
Journal: BMJ (1927)

WHEN we take a broad survey of tlle field of therapeutics it would be fair to say that, though from one year to another there may be no dramatic advance, yet in the course of a decade or so, especially during the last half- ceitury, there is hardly anly branch of therapeutics which fails to show steady progress.This may be either in the way of discovery of new reml-edies, or in the more full and precise knowledge of the action and uses of older ones.Whlen we think, for example, of such importanit groups as local and general an aesthetics, hypnotics, antiseptics, and srecific remedies, instances of real advance in a few years spring to the mind.But there is one department of thera- peutics in which little forward movement has been regis- tered, not onily in a decade, but hardly aily even in the last half-century, and that is the group of expectorants.Indeed, I am not conviniced that we are evea so skilled in the use of expectorants as our grandfathers were, for, with less to learn, they had more tiine-and I sometimes think more enthusiasm-for observinig at the bedside the action of drugs.
Hydrothermally synthesized PEGylated calcium phosphate nanoparticles incorporating Gd-DTPA for contrast enhanced MRI diagnosis of solid tumors
Authors: Peng Mi, Daisuke Kokuryo, Horacio Cabral, Michiaki Kumagai, Takahiro Nomoto, Ichio Aoki, Yasuko Terada, Akihiro Kishimura, Nobuhiro Nishiyama, Kazunori Kataoka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Cimetidine and Mononucleosis
Authors: JAY A. GOLDSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1983Cimetidine and MononucleosisJAY A. GOLDSTEIN, M.D.JAY A. GOLDSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-3-410_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: For 2 years I have been treating patients in my family practice who have mononucleosis with cimetidine, 300 mg three times a day for 5 days. Twenty-nine of thirty-two patients have had almost complete remission of symptoms in 1 or 2 days, and in no patient has the disease recurred. There have been no adverse effects and no complications.Because herpes virus disorders may cause excessive suppressor T-cell activity (1) and because suppressor T cells have H-2 receptors, (2) this excessive activity may be partially blocked by cimetidine. Suppressor T cells may secrete lymphokines that may be...References1. MELMONROCKLINROSENKRANZ KRR. Autacoids as modulators of the inflammatory and immune response. Am J Med. 1981;71:100-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SCHULOFFCHORBANEY RTA. Are the suppressor cells supressing in infectious mononucleosis? N Engl J Med. 1981;304:1492-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. VANDERSPUYLEVYLEVIN SDW. Cimetidine in the treatment of herpes virus infections. S Afr J Med Sci. 1980;58:112-6. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 500 South Anaheim Hills Road, Suite 128 Anaheim Hills, CA 92807 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA clinical review of 105 patients with PFAPA (a periodic fever syndrome)Cimetidine for Chronic Calcifying Tendinitis of the ShoulderDisseminated Candida albicans Infection in a Patient with Epstein-Barr Virus InfectionCimetidine, Ranitidine, and Epstein-Barr Virus InfectionJAY A. GOLDSTEIN, M.D.Cimetidine in Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex InfectionDENIS WAKEFIELD, M.B.B.S. 1 September 1983Volume 99, Issue 3Page: 410-411KeywordsT cell receptorsT cells Issue Published: 1 September 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Whole Truth
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

"The truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth" may be a legal imperative, but outside of the courtroom this triad is often unattainable and sometimes undesirable. In the words of the philosopher, Alfred North White, "there are no whole truths; all truths are half-truths." Physicians are often perplexed by the whole truth. For instance, they may have difficulty trying to find it in the literature provided by drug manufacturers. Although the information given in the package insert generally tells the truth and nothing but the truth, it often does not and possibly cannot tell the whole truth. A case in point is the information on the bioavailability of drugs. Only in the past few years have we become aware of differences in the absorbability of different products of the same drug or even different lots of the same product. The extent of this difference is exemplified in various
HERPES ZOSTER AND CHICKENPOX
Authors: BENJAMIN GOLDBERG
Journal: JAMA (1918)

of students who are on the whole well prepared but who lack in some particular sufficiently large to merit consideration?Is it fair to them, or necessary in the effort to secure and maintain proper standards, to deny them medical matriculation, or to require them to spend another year on premedicai work before they are accepted?Are such students able to pursue the study of medicine successfully?Can provision be made that will at the same time be fair to them, fair to those who enter with all requirements satisfied, and operable without abuse?
Significance of Site of Placental Attachment in Uterus
Authors: R. T. Booth, C. Wood, R. W. Beard, J. R. M. Gibson, J. H. M. Pinkerton
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Browne, F. J., and Browne, J. C. McClure (1955). Postgraduate Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2nd ed., p. 236. Butterworth, London. Burton-Brown, J. R. C. (1949). J. Obstet. Gvnaec. Brit. Emp., 56, 847. Davis, M. E., and Boynton, M. W. (1942). Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec, 43, 775. Dewhurst, C. J. (1952). Lancet, 2, 746. Dutton, W. A. C. (1958). /. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp., 65, 315. Elwin, P. M. (1960). Brit. med. J., 1, 1569. Fraser, A. C, and Tatford, E. P. W. (1961). Lancet, 2, 126. Greenhill, J. P. (1960). Obstetrics, 12th ed., p. 307. Saunders, Philadelphia and London. Kimbell, N. (1958). Brit. med. J., 1, 203. Left, M. (1929). Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec, 18, 868. Lloy , H. N. (1949). Proc. roy. Soc. Med., 42, 1. Martin, J. D., and Dumoulin, J. G. (1953). Brit. med. J., 1, 643. Ministry of Health (1960). Report of Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in England and Wales, 1955-7. H.M.S.O., London. Moir, J. Chassar (1956). Munro Kerr's Operative Obstetrics, 6th ed., p. 48. Bailli?re, Tindall and Cox, London. Morris, W. I. C. (1959). British Obstetric and Gynaecological Practice, edited by Sir Eardley Holland and Aleck Bourne, 2nd ed., p. 809. Nixon, W. C. W. (1955). W. Afr. med. J., 4, 52. Picton, F. C. R. (1951). /. Obstet. Gynaec. Brit. Emp., 58, 764. Stabler, F. (1957). Brit. med. J., 2, 217. Williams, J. Whitridge (1924). Obstetrics, 5th ed., p. 336. Appleton, New York and London.
Biological Terrorism
Authors: Jeffrey D. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The threat of terrorists using biological warfare agents has received increased attention in recent years. Despite the hope that, with the right mix of policies, security measures, and intelligence gathering, a major biological warfare terrorist attack can be prevented, the history of conventional terrorism indicates otherwise. The greatestpayoff in combating biological terrorism lies in focusing on how best to respond to a terrorist attack. The medical and emergency service communities will play the most important role in that process. Ensuring that they are trained to recognize the symptoms of diseases caused by biological warfare agents and have Critical Incident Stress Debriefing teams available to help them cope with the emotional aspects of treating exposed survivors should be part of contingency planning. By improving our readiness to respond to biological terrorism, many lives can be saved and terrorists denied their goal of creating panic and crisis throughout the country.
Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by an Alpha-Tropomyosin Mutation
Authors: Neal K. Lakdawala, Lisa Dellefave, Charles S. Redwood, Elizabeth Sparks, Allison L. Cirino, Steve Depalma, Steven D. Colan, Birgit Funke, Rebekah S. Zimmerman, Paul Robinson, Hugh Watkins, Christine E. Seidman, J.G. Seidman, Elizabeth M. McNally, Carolyn Y. Ho
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Granular Cell Myoblastoma
Authors: Ronald C. Golinger
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Herzog and associates (238:623, 1977) recently described benign gastric lesions that mimic carcinoma. Granular cell myoblastoma should be added to the list of lesions. Although it is rare, this entity can occur as a large, irregular, ulcerating gastric mass and can lack any clinical, roentgenographic, or even gross characteristics that would allow diagnosis (Fig 1 and 2). For these reasons, and because it occurs rarely, a surgeon could be influenced by the ominous nature of the term "myoblastoma" to perform unnecessarily radical maneuvers if the diagnosis is rendered by frozen section during laparotomy. Since all reported granular cell myoblastomas of the stomach have been benign,<sup>1-3</sup>limited resection is the preferred therapy for these lesions. We have managed two such lesions in that manner with no evidence of recurrence.
Injections May Take the Bite Out of Malaria Studies
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Marked thrombosis and calcification of porcine heterograft valves.
Authors: M R Platt, L J Mills, A S Estrera, L D Hillis, L M Buja, J T Willerson
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Prosthetic valvular dysfunction resulting in clinically significant complications occurred in six patients with Hancock porcine heterografts. In one patient with a prosthetic valve in the aortic position, massive prosthetic thrombosis resulted in sudden death. In two patients who had a mitral prosthesis, thrombosis resulted in congestive heart failure and systemic embolization; in one of the latter patients, the thrombi were infected with Candida sp. Calcification of organizing thrombi and cusp tissue resulted in valvular stenosis and congestive heart failure in one patient with an aortic prosthesis and in two patients with mitral prostheses. Four of the six patients died. The prosthetic valves had been in place for 6 months to 3 years before onset of complications. During the same 4-year interval, over 400 porcine prosthese were inserted. This report provides further clarification of the nature and frequency of clinical complications related to degeneration and thrombosis of Hancock porcine heterograft valves.
Control of Hepatitis B Virus in Environmental Contamination
Authors: Walter W. Bond
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We believe that a certain amount of comment and clarification are in order regarding the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS exchange between Drs. Warrens and Abbott (229: 579, 1974). Dr. Warrens's inquiry as to the best chemical means of disinfecting blood spills from potential carriers of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a question of much practical importance and, in turn, gives rise to a second question of an applied nature, which will be mentioned later. First, it should be pointed out that to "kill the virus of hepatitis B," one does not have to "kill the antigen" (hepatitis B surface antigen [HB<sub>s</sub>Ag]). This is merely a matter of semantics, but Krugman and Giles<sup>1</sup>and Lo-Grippo et al (187:722, 1964) have shown that the inactivation kinetics of the infective particle and the associated surface antigen are not equal when exposed to physical or chemical disinfecting agents, ie,
Integration of visual and vocal communication: Evidence for Miocene origins
Authors: David A. Leavens
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Corballis suggests that apes lack voluntary control over their vocal production. However, recent evidence implicates voluntary control of vocalizations in apes, which suggests that intentional control of vocal communication predates the hominid-pongid split. Furthermore, the ease with which apes in captivity manipulate the visual attention of observers implies a common cognitive basis for joint attention in humans and apes.
Ventilatory Responses to Inhaled Carbon Dioxide, Hypoxia, and Exercise in Idiopathic Hyperventilation
Authors: Sandy Jack, Harry B. Rossiter, Michael G. Pearson, Susan A. Ward, Christopher J. Warburton, Brian J. Whipp
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Idiopathic hyperventilation (IH) is a poorly understood condition of sustained hypocapnia and controversial etiology. Although behavioral/emotional factors may contribute, it is uncertain whether chemosensitivity is altered, hyperventilation is maintained during exercise, and the associated breathlessness reflects the hyperventilation. In 39 patients with IH and 23 control subjects, we described ventilatory responses to isocapnic-hypoxia, hyperoxic-hypercapnia, and exercise; breath-hold tolerance; breathlessness; and psychologic status. Patients demonstrated hyperventilation at rest, with hypocapnia (28 +/- 3.8 mm Hg), a normal (slightly alkaline) arterial pH and [H(+)]a, and a significant base excess (-4.5 +/- 2.7 mEq/L), consistent with compensated respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation was sustained during exercise, despite hyperoxic-hypercapnic ventilatory responsiveness being normal and isocapnic-hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness being low relative to control (but exceeding control [2.4 +/- 1.0 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.5 L/min/%, p < 0.05] with acute restoration to normocapnia). Hyperventilation was maintained during exercise, at the resting CO(2) "setpoint." Relative to control, the breath-hold tolerance was attenuated, and dyspnea during exercise was significantly greater and not simply ascribable to the high ventilation. These observations suggest that patients with IH have a sustained hyperventilatory and dyspneic drive that, although not attributable to central chemosensitivity, may possibly have peripheral chemoreflex contributions. The nature and etiology of this chronic hyperventilatory drive remain unclear.
ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN CHILDREN
Authors: RICHARD W. BOLLING
Journal: JAMA (1924)

After the first year of life, appendicitis is the most frequent of all the acute emergencies of abdominal disease. Although it is primarily a disease of young persons, approximately 50 per cent, of the cases occurring in the first twenty years, no time of life, from earliest infancy to old age, is exempt. In a compiled series of more than 16,000 cases, Kelley<sup>1</sup>found 2.5 per cent, in the first five years of life; 8.3 per cent. in the next five-year period, and 16.3 per cent, in the third. This corresponds quite closely with our experience at St. Luke's Hospital, where, in a series of 888 cases of acute appendicitis admitted, in the five years prior to January, 1924, the percentages for the first three five-year periods were found to be 3.5, 8.5 and 16, respectively. Much consideration has been given to acute appendicitis in children, but, with some
Hospital Factors and Racial Disparities in Mortality After Surgery for Breast and Colon Cancer
Authors: Tara M. Breslin, Arden M. Morris, Niya Gu, Sandra L. Wong, Emily V. Finlayson, Mousumi Banerjee, John D. Birkmeyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose Black patients have worse prognoses than whites with breast or colorectal cancer. Mechanisms underlying such disparities have not been fully explored. We examined the role of hospital factors in racial differences in late mortality after surgery for breast or colon cancer. Methods Patients undergoing surgery after new diagnosis of breast or colon cancer were identified using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results–Medicare linked database (1995 to 2005). The main outcome measure was mortality at 5 years. Proportional hazards models were used to assess relationships between race and late mortality, accounting for patient factors, socioeconomic measures, and hospital factors. Fixed and random effects models were used to account for quality differences across hospitals. Results Black patients, compared with white patients, had lower 5-year overall survival rates after surgery for breast (62.1% v 70.4%, respectively; P &lt; .001) and colon cancer (41.3% v 45.4%, respectively; P &lt; .001). After controlling for age, comorbidity, and stage, black race remained an independent predictor of mortality for breast (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.34) and colon cancer (adjusted HR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.19). After risk adjustment, hospital factors explained 36% and 54% of the excess mortality for black patients with breast cancer and colon cancer, respectively. Hospitals with large minority populations had higher late mortality rates independent of race. Conclusion Hospital factors, including quality, are important mediators of the association between race and mortality for breast and colon cancer. Hospital-level quality improvement should be a major component of efforts to reduce disparities in cancer outcomes.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: A History of Medicine
Authors: Victoria A. Harden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 June 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: A History of MedicineVictoria A. Harden, MDVictoria A. Harden, MDNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-12-199306150-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A History of MedicineLois N. Magner. 393 pages. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1992. $55.00.In 1991, the American Association for the History of Medicine published a compilation of medical history course curricula that showed the dearth of single-volume texts in this field. Of those available, most are out of date or uneven, skewed toward the topical expertise of their authors. Magner's book seeks to rectify this problem by providing a concise survey of medical history, from paleopathology to contemporary medical practices and research, aimed at the nonspecialist.The book is organized in roughly chronological fashion. Each chapter examines one or more ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 12Page: 990KeywordsBloodBlood groupsBlood transfusionHeartHistory of medicine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...