tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with P190BCR-ABL: analysis of characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic significance
Authors: Dushyant Verma, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Dan Jones, Rajyalakshmi Luthra, Gautam Borthakur, Srdan Verstovsek, Mary Beth Rios, Jorge Cortes
Journal: Blood (2009)
Diagnostic value of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using BP180 recombinant proteins in elderly patients with pruritic skin disorders
Authors: S.C. Hofmann, K. Tamm, M. Hertl, L. Borradori
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sir, Pruritus is the most frequent skin complaint in the elderly.1 Pruritus is also a common initial manifestation of bullous pemphigoid (BP), an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucosae occurring predominantly in elderly individuals.2 This disease is associated with autoantibodies targeting the 180‐kDa BP antigen (BP180) and the 230‐kDa BP antigen (BP230) (reviewed by Laffitte and Borradori).2 In affected patients, mild to intractable pruritus with or without excoriated eczematous lesions may persist for several weeks prior to development of the full‐blown bullous phase or may even remain the only sign of the disease, with significant morbidity.2 Recently, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) utilizing recombinant forms of BP180 have been proved useful for the detection of circulating autoantibodies in BP.3, 4 Evidence has been provided indicating that disease activity correlates with the titre of circulating autoantibodies targeting the NC16a subdomain, the immunodominant region of BP180.5, 6 Furthermore, autoantibody reactivity with distinct regions of BP180 relates to a distinct clinical phenotype, e.g. IgG reactivity against both the NH2 and COOH termini of the BP180 ectodomain is associated with an increased occurrence of mucosal lesions.6
Burdock Root Tea Poisoning
Authors: Peter D. Bryson
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A clarification seems necessary concerning our article on "Burdock Root Tea Poisoning: Case Report Involving a Commercial Preparation" (239:2157, 1978). Several readers have written stating that burdock root normally does not contain any atropine-like alkaloids. They are correct. It was our purpose to describe a patient who, after ingesting a commercially prepared burdock root tea, had anti-cholineric symptoms that cleared with physostigmine salicylate treatment. The Food and Drug Administration confirmed the presence of 30 mg/g in a commercial preparation of burdock root tea. (The original article contained an error, stating there was 300 mg/g.) It could be only speculation as to how this alkaloid was mixed with this preparation; certainly this could have been a contaminant in the picking of the product. It was our intention to review this case because of the nature of its presentation and to alert health professionals that a commercially available preparation
The Political Education of a Physician
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The 1960s and early 70s were years of political and social turmoil in America. The assassination of a President and of a civil rights leader, alienation of young people by a war that few could condone, the struggles by minorities for equal rights, rising unemployment, inflation, a breakdown in many social services, and all these climaxed by malfeasance in the executive branch of government led to politicalization of students, including those in medicine. That young people express concern for and seek to improve the social structure in which they will spend their lives should be viewed as strengthening a democracy and not as an attack on its cherished institutions. Social organization can no more be static than can medical science. Both must be subjected to continual evaluation and to change in order to be improved. Medicine, being a social as well as a scientific enterprise, often develops people with the
Parkinsons in men may be linked to high dairy diet
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Men who eat large amounts of dairy products have an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease, says a new epidemiological study.

The study, led by Dr Honglei Chen of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard School of Public Health in Massachusetts, found that dietary intake of dairy products is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson's in men, but not in women ( Annals of Neurology 2002;52:793-801).

While the causes of Parkinson's disease are not clear, it has …
A multifaceted strategy for implementation of the Ottawa ankle rules in two emergency departments
Authors: T. Bessen, R. Clark, S. Shakib, G. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Problem</b> Despite widespread acceptance of the Ottawa ankle rules for assessment of acute ankle injuries, their application varies considerably. <b>Design</b> Before and after study. <b>Background and setting</b> Emergency departments of a tertiary teaching hospital and a community hospital in Australia. <b>Key measures for improvement</b> Documentation of the Ottawa ankle rules, proportion of patients referred for radiography, proportion of radiographs showing a fracture. <b>Strategies for change</b> Education, a problem specific radiography request form, reminders, audit and feedback, and using radiographers as "gatekeepers." <b>Effects of change</b> Documentation of the Ottawa ankle rules improved from 57.5% to 94.7% at the tertiary hospital, and 51.6% to 80.8% at the community hospital (P&lt;0.001 for both). The proportion of patients undergoing radiography fell from 95.8% to 87.2% at the tertiary hospital, and from 91.4% to 78.9% at the community hospital (P&lt;0.001 for both). The proportion of radiographs showing a fracture increased from 20.4% to 27.1% at the tertiary hospital (P=0.069), and 15.2% to 27.2% (P=0.002) at the community hospital. The missed fracture rate increased from 0% to 2.9% at the tertiary hospital and from 0% to 1.6% at the community hospital compared with baseline (P=0.783 and P=0.747). <b>Lessons learnt</b> Assessment of case note documentation has limitations. Clinician groups seem to differ in their capacity and willingness to change their practice. A multifaceted change strategy including a problem specific radiography request form can improve the selection of patients for radiography.
Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Wintertime and Overall Bone Loss in Healthy Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Bess Dawson-Hughes, Gerard E. Dallal, Elizabeth A. Krall, Susan Harris, Lori J. Sokoll, Gladys Falconer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

▪ Objectives: To determine whether relative vitamin D deficiency during the winter months contributes to age-related bone loss and whether rates of change in hard- and soft-tissue mass vary during the year. ▪ Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, 1-year trial in 249 women in which equal numbers of women were randomized to either placebo or 400 IU of vitamin D daily. All women received 377 mg/d of supplemental calcium largely as calcium citrate malate. ▪ Patients: Healthy, ambulatory postmenopausal women with usual intakes of vitamin D of 100 IU/d. ▪ Measurements: Duplicate spine and whole-body scans were done by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry at 6-month intervals that were timed to periods when 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were highest and lowest. Period 1 was June-July to December-January and period 2 was December-January to the next June-July. Serum parathyroid hormone and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured during periods 1 and 2. ▪ Main Results: In the placebo group, spinal bone mineral density increased in period 1, decreased in period 2, and sustained no net change. Women treated with vitamin D had a similar spinal increase in period 1 (1.46% compared with 1.40% in placebo), less loss in period 2 (— 0.54% compared with — 1.22%, Cl for the difference, 0.05% to 1.31%, P = 0.032) and a significant overall benefit (0.85% compared with 0.15%, Cl for the difference, 0.03% to 1.37%, P = 0.04). In period 2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were lower and parathyroid hormone levels were higher in the placebo than in the vitamin D group. Whole-body lean and fat tissue and bone mineral density varied during the year but did not change overall. ▪ Conclusions: At latitude 42 degrees, healthy postmenopausal women with vitamin D intakes of 100 IU daily can significantly reduce late wintertime bone loss and improve net bone density of the spine over one year by increasing their intake of vitamin D to 500 IU daily. A long-term benefit of preventing vitamin D insufficiency in the winter seems likely although it remains to be shown. Observed changes in bone as well as in fat and lean tissue appear to be related to season.
Long-term Infusion of Growth Hormone Release Inhibiting Hormone in Acromegaly: Effects on Pituitary and Pancreatic Hormones
Authors: G. M. Besser, C. H. Mortimer, A. S. McNeilly, M. O. Thorner, G. A. Batistoni, S. R. Bloom, K. W. Kastrup, K. F. Hanssen, R. Hall, D. H. Coy, A. J. Kastin, A. V. Schally
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GH-RIH) was infused at a rate of 1.3 mug/min for 28 hours into four patients with acromegaly, two of whom also had clinical diabetes mellitus. Growth hormone and glucagon were suppressed throughout the infusion though delayed secretion of insulin occurred in association with both meals and an oral glucose load. Glucose tolerance was improved in one diabetic patient who was taking chlorpropamide while the other required much less insulin than usual. Secretion of endogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone was lowered in one euthyroid patient on carbimazole. Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, ACTH, and prolactin were not affected. Serum somatomedin levels were reduced in one patient. There was a rapid rebound of all the suppressed hormones when the infusions stopped. Longer-acting analogues of GH-RIH will be needed before long-term therapy of acromegaly or diabetes mellitus becomes possible, but such preparations should be available soon for clinical trial.
Efficient T cell activation requires an optimal dwell-time of interaction between the TCR and the pMHC complex
Authors: Alexis M. Kalergis, Nicole Boucheron, Marie-Agnés Doucey, Edith Palmieri, Earl C. Goyarts, Zsuzsanna Vegh, Immanuel F. Luescher, Stanley G. Nathenson
Journal: Nature Immunology (2001)
Experience de la psychothérapie effectuée par le praticien de médecine generale
Authors: B. Lazare
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

On the basis of a long standing experience the author discusses the value and indications of Psychotherapy in General Medicine, Bronchial Asthma, Duodenal Ulcer, Arterial Hypertension (Stage 1), Nocturnal Enuresis, Biliary Diskinesia. Good results: In General Medicine 29.8%; in Duodenal Ulcer 46.1%.
High Throughput Gene Expression Screening: Its Emerging Role in Drug Discovery
Authors: Tom Freeman
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2000)

The genetic makeup and the environment influences the health and welfare of an individual. At both the tissue and cellular level, physiological function can be correlated with the transcription of genes, whose protein products contribute and influence the activity of biological systems. In order to understand these processes, it is therefore essential to determine the temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression, and, with particular relevance to drug discovery, define changes that occur during development of disease or treatment with therapeutic agents.
In suspected ACS, a diagnostic protocol using hs-TnI identified patients at low cardiac risk at 30 days
Authors: Christopher R. Carpenter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Cullen L, Mueller C, Parsonage WA, et al. Validation of high-sensitivity troponin I in a 2-hour diagnostic strategy to assess 30-day outcomes in emergency department patients with possible acute coronary syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62:1242-9. 23583250
The Case of the Monumental Malpractice (or the Errors of the Physician Writ in Stone)
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

MALPRACTICE actions in the United States have reached such proportions that such claims, along with the cost of insuring against them, constitute a serious factor in the crisis in medical care in this country.1 An incident reported upon by the Medical Defence Union in Great Britain in its latest Annual Report2 might be considered the unkindest cut of all in the deterioriating relation of physician and patient over an alleged act of medical malpractice. The distraught and grieving father of an eighteen-year-old boy who had died in a hospital erected a tombstone over his son's grave and had the following . . .
Infection complicating percutaneous liver biopsy in liver transplant recipients
Authors: A M Larson, G C Chan, C F Wartelle, J P McVicar, R L Carithers, G M Hamill, K V Kowdley
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

There is controversy about the frequency of and risk factors for infectious complications of percutaneous liver biopsy in liver transplant recipients. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence and nature of complications associated with liver biopsy after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), with particular emphasis on infection. The medical records of all patients undergoing OLT between January 1990 and August 1994 were reviewed retrospectively to identify complications requiring hospitalization within one week of percutaneous liver biopsy. The nature and severity of complications were recorded and possible risk factors for infectious complications were examined. One hundred ninety-eight patients underwent 1,136 percutaneous liver biopsies. There were eleven complications (0.96%), including as follows: 7 infections, 3 bleeding episodes, and 1 vasovagal reaction. Infections after percutaneous liver biopsy included fever and bacteremia (n = 6), and fever without bacteremia (n = 1). All infections developed only in patients with underlying biliary tract abnormalities; the frequency of infection was higher (9.8%) in patients with choledochojejunostomy when compared with those with choledochocholedochostomy (1.4%). Bacteremia was more likely caused by skin flora in patients with choledochocholedochostomy (CDC) and by enteric bacteria in patients with choledochojejunostomy (CDJ). All infections were treated successfully with parenteral antibiotics. We conclude that biliary tract abnormalities are the primary risk factors for infection after percutaneous liver biopsy, although the risk is higher in patients with CDJ than with CDC. These data support the use of antibiotic prophylaxis before percutaneous liver biopsy in OLT recipients with biliary tract abnormalities.
Survivors of acute myocardial infarction: how mamy fulfill the MADIT criteria and are candidates for prophylactic defibrillator implantation?
Authors: D. Andresen, G. Steinbeck, T. Brüggemann, C. Ehlera, E. Hoffmann, S. Behrens, R. Habert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
The Corfu δβ thalassemia deletion disrupts γ-globin gene silencing and reveals post-transcriptional regulation of HbF expression
Authors: Lyubomira Chakalova, Cameron S. Osborne, Yan-Feng Dai, Beatriz Goyenechea, Anna Metaxotou-Mavromati, Antonios Kattamis, Christos Kattamis, Peter Fraser
Journal: Blood (2004)
Incidence and Reproduction Numbers of Pertussis: Estimates from Serological and Social Contact Data in Five European Countries
Authors: Mirjam Kretzschmar, Peter F. M. Teunis, Richard G. Pebody
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

Analyses of serological and social contact data from several European countries by Miriam Kretzschmar and colleagues show that vaccination against pertussis has shifted the burden of infection from children to adolescents and adults.
Aristolochic acid induces proximal tubule apoptosis and epithelial to mesenchymal transformation
Authors: A.A. Pozdzik, I.J. Salmon, F.D. Debelle, C. Decaestecker, C. Van den Branden, D. Verbeelen, M.M. Deschodt-Lanckman, J.-L. Vanherweghem, J.L. Nortier
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Intrauterine Rubella Transmission
Authors: William E. Rawls
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The recent articles by E. B. Buynak et al (<b>204</b>:195, 1968) and others<sup>1,2</sup>demonstrating the feasibility of attenuating rubella virus in a manner acceptable for vaccine use provides great expectation that this disease will soon be controlled. Unfortunately, during the time required to produce sufficient immunity in the population, many women and their physicians will be faced with the problem of rubella occurring in the first trimester of pregnancy. Therapeutic abortion is the only means presently available to prevent the birth of abnormal infants, and this is not legally condoned in most states. One of the major problems in establishing laws regarding abortion in instances where the infant may be born abnormal is determining the risk of abnormality. A number of studies have been reported in which the risk of congenital abnormalities of infants born to women with clinical rubella in the first trimester varies
The altered expression of α-smooth muscle actin in basal cell epithelioma and its surrounding stroma: with special reference to proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and adenoid differentiation
Authors: H. TSUKAMOTO, K. HAYASHIBE, Y. MISHIMA, M. ICHIHASHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Altered expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) is known to indicate the morphological, tumorigenic and immunological changes occurring in tumour and stromal cells. The purpose of this study was to analyse the dynamics of alpha-SMA expression in human basal cell epithelioma (BCE) cells and their surrounding stromal cells, in the process of differentiation towards cutaneous appendages such as hair, sebaceous, apocrine and eccrine glands. Using anti-alpha-SMA specific monoclonal antibody (MAb), 17 of 36 BCEs (47%) were shown to express alpha-SMA, despite the usual absence of alpha-SMA in all eukaryotic cells except muscle cells. Solid, adenoid and sclerosing types of BCE expressed alpha-SMA more frequently, and in greater amount, than cystic, keratotic and superficial types. Furthermore, the expression of alpha-SMA in BCE cells significantly paralleled the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in these cells. Thus, the altered expression of alpha-SMA may reflect the growing properties of BCE cells under the specific cellular regulations for differentiation. In addition, we have found anti-alpha-SMA MAb-positive fibroblasts with smooth muscle differentiation (myofibroblasts) in desmoplastic stroma surrounding BCE nests in 13 of 36 cases (36%). Coincidental expression of alpha-SMA in both BCE cells and stromal cells was found in nine of the 13 cases (69%), indicating the possibility of the induction of myofibroblastic stromal changes in surrounding tissues by cytokines secreted from BCE cells [e.g. basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-like factor].
Are Granulocyte Colony–Stimulating Factors Beneficial in Treating Diabetic Foot Infections?
Authors: Mario Cruciani, Benjamin A. Lipsky, Carlo Mengoli, Fausto de Lalla
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—To assess the value of granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (G-CSF) as adjunctive therapy for diabetic foot infections. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We systematically searched the medical literature (including Medline, Embase, LookSmart, and the Cochrane Library) for prospective randomized studies that used G-CSF as an adjunct to standard treatment for diabetic foot infections. Using a conventional meta-analysis, we pooled the relative risks (RRs) for outcomes of interest, including resolution of infection, wound healing, duration of antibiotic therapy, and need for various surgical interventions, using a fixed-effects model. RESULTS—Five randomized trials, with a total of 167 patients, met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was satisfactory. The investigators administered various G-CSF preparations parenterally for between 3 and 21 days. The meta-analysis revealed that adding G-CSF did not significantly affect the resolution of infection or the healing of the wounds but was associated with a significantly reduced likelihood of lower extremity surgical interventions (RR 0.38 [95% CI 0.20–0.69], number of patients who needed to be treated: 4.5), including amputation (0.41 [0.17–0.95], number of patients who needed to be treated: 8.6). There was no evidence of heterogeneity among the studies or of publication bias, suggesting that these conclusions are reasonably generalizable and robust. CONCLUSIONS—Adjunctive G-CSF treatment does not appear to hasten the clinical resolution of diabetic foot infection or ulceration but is associated with a reduced rate of amputation and other surgical procedures. The small number of patients who needed to be treated to gain these benefits suggests that using G-CSF should be considered, especially in patients with limb-threatening infections.
Regional Variation in Cardiac Catheterization Appropriateness and Baseline Risk After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dennis T. Ko, Yongfei Wang, David A. Alter, Jeptha P. Curtis, Saif S. Rathore, Therese A. Stukel, Fredrick A. Masoudi, Joseph S. Ross, JoAnne M. Foody, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Does Advertising Influence Physicians?
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1991)

NUMEROUS STUDIES have attempted to determine the influence of pharmaceutical marketing practices on physician decision making. The studies are problematic, however, because they rely on physician self-reporting, introducing a strong potential bias. In an elegant study that overcomes this problem, Jerry Avorn, MD, associate professor of social medicine and health policy at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, selected two classes of drugs for which messages about efficacy differed substantially between commercial and scientific sources (<i>Am J Med</i>. 1982;73:4-8). The first class, cerebral and peripheral vasodilators, were at the time widely promoted for the treatment of senile dementia and peripheral vascular insufficiency. Yet the clinical literature indicated their uselessness for these indications. The second class, the propoxyphene products (especially Eli Lilly's Darvon), were heavily promoted as effective relievers of moderately severe pain, yet the weight of evidence suggested that their analgesic properties were at best equivalent to aspirin. Avorn then sampled
The Lilly Lecture: The Role of Cerebellum in the Control of Movement.
Authors: John C. Eccles
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The Lilly Lecture: The Role of Cerebellum in the Control of Movement.John C. Eccles, M.B., Ph.D.John C. Eccles, M.B., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1063_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAs a first approximation, it can be postulated that there are two general modes of action of the cerebellum. First, there is the orientation of the cerebellum to the brain stem and spinal cord, which is the dominant function with lower vertebrates. Second, there are the cerebellocerebral paths of action that provide the channels for the principal mode of cerebellar function in man. Recent investigations have greatly added to our knowledge of the functional relationship of the cerebellum and the spinal cord, and there is also significant progress in the reciprocal linkages of the cerebellum and cerebrum.A general account... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1063-1063KeywordsBrainCerebellumSpinal cord Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...