tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A principle to die for
Authors: S. Pocklington
Journal: BMJ (1999)

“You'd die for a principle, Sue,” was a remark made to me in another context, but which came to mind recently. On this occasion I had just appeared before a tribunal which was investigating the possible missed diagnosis of a suspended colleague. It had not been a pleasant experience. I was not so naive as to think that it would be, but I had not expected to find my own clinical competence under attack. Nor had I expected to be questioned in detail about a case without the benefit of the case notes. As I protested to the chair at the time, I do not think you should be expected to speak from memory in a court of law.

When asked to speak on behalf of my colleague I realised that there might be some discomfort, that my relationships with the colleagues making the accusation might be compromised. Indeed, I heard of other general practitioners who had …
Report recommends tougher safeguards for children in NHS
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Sweeping changes designed to safeguard children treated by the NHS in Wales are urged in a new report.

The report recommends establishing a director of children's healthcare services, an all-Wales NHS child protection organisation, two new charters for children, police checking of staff who come into contact with children, and protection of NHS whistleblowers.

The review, carried out by a panel of experts and chaired by Lord Carlile QC, was set up in the wake of the north Wales child abuse inquiry, which heard allegations from former inpatients of a child and adolescent mental health unit in North Wales.

Its 150 recommendations to the Welsh Assembly also include medical access to child protection registers, some access to health records by social workers, the establishment of complaints officers in every NHS trust, and a network of children's advocates.

“Every child and young person being treated by the NHS should be safe, feel safe, be treated as individuals, …
Laboratory Contributions to Human Cytogenetics
Authors: Raymond L. Teplitz
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ONCE it was demonstrated that modification of methods applied to botanical material could be used successfully in mammalian cytogenetics,<sup>1</sup>human cytogenetics began its explosive growth. By means of standard staining techniques for chromosomes, the correct diploid chromosome number for man was quickly established, and a number of human disorders were found to be caused by numerical or structural abnormalities. These findings and the growth of human cytogenetics depended essentially on the concatenation of two laboratory contributions. The first of these was the development of a method that made metaphase chromosomes easily available from the dividing cell.<sup>1,2</sup>A necessary second development was that of cell culture. Once considered an exotic procedure, it has been brought to the point where its application is only slightly more problematic than standard microbiological culture procedures. By the middle of the decade 1960-1970, more than 25 disorders had been catalogued as having their etiology
Rationalising requests for x-ray examination of acute ankle injuries.
Authors: G de Lacey, S Bradbrooke
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Radiographs of injured ankles represent about 1 in 50 of all radiological examinations. The notes and radiographs of 100 patients with ankle injuries were reviewed, and the films of a further 93 patients who had ankle fractures treated by immobilisation were also scrutinised to assess the presence of absence of soft tissue swelling over the malleoli. Any accompanying radiographs of the foot requested at the same time were also studied. In 65 of the 100 cases of ankle injury there was no soft tissue swelling, and none of the patients had a major fracture, while 92 of the 93 patients with a major fracture had soft tissue swelling at the level of the malleoli. In 32 of the 100 cases of ankle injury foot radiographs had also been requested, but only three foot injuries were found. If the simple maxim of "No swelling adjacent to a malleolus, no radiographs" were applied radiography of twisted ankles could be reduced by as much as two-thirds. Moreover, if this maxim included the rider "and no routine foot films" the total casualty radiographic work load could be reduced by 8%.
Treatment of Snake Bite.
Authors: W. Q. Marsh
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Sierra Mojada, Mexico, Nov. 8, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof October 30 J. G. Tuten, M.D., Jesup, Ga., gives a lengthy description of the treatment of a snake bite. The doctor's patient was long suffering and that he was kind is evident from the fact that he didn't change doctors. The grave symptoms, horrible suffering and extensive sloughing were the result of the absurd treatment and not of the poison of the snake bite. The bite of the rattlesnake does sometimes prove fatal, but if treated properly, very rarely. The tourniquet or ligation of an extremity is always bad. A word as to my method of treatment, and I have treated more than two dozen in the last ten years with no deaths. If there is very recent scarification and sucking of the wound, then I make free incisions and immerse the part in warm water to
Michael Alexander Pratt
Authors: David Millar, Andrew Hutcheon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Founder epidemiologist of the Framingham heart studyIn 1945 the Western world emerged from the second world war, only to be confronted by an epidemic of heart disease.The US government responded by setting up a study to identify the causes and to diagnose and treat early disease, though the latter aim was dropped as there was no treatment available.The town of Framingham in Massachusetts was chosen as the site for this study because it had a stable population of 28 000 and was close to Harvard University.The Framingham study, as it was known, became world famous."Along with Ancel Keys's seven country study, this was the work on which all other epidemiology of heart disease stands.There isn't a study that doesn't owe its origin to Framingham,"
Using Patients As Their Own Controls for Cost Evaluation of Phase I Clinical Trials
Authors: Eric J. Sherman, David M. Rubin, Ennapadam Venkatraman, Gary K. Schwartz, Vincent A. Miller, Mark H. Radzyner, Hirsch S. Ruchlin, David Spriggs, David G. Pfister
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

Purpose Little is known about the cost of phase I trials in cancer patients compared with that of standard treatments, yet the former is often assumed to be greater than the latter. Our objective was to utilize a new approach, using patients as their own controls, to compare in a pilot study the costs of care for patients on phase I trials with those incurred for standard treatment. Patients and Methods We retrospectively assessed the direct medical costs (DMCs) of 59 patients participating in one of two phase I trials (TRIAL) in solid tumors conducted at Memorial Hospital (MH): (1) perillyl alcohol, and (2) flavopiridol with paclitaxel. Paired-control DMCs were those accrued by the same patient while receiving standard chemotherapy regimens just before (PRE; n = 41) or after (POST; n = 29) the trial at MH, averaged per day. Results For the 41 PRE patients, the median and mean DMCs per day for the clinical trial versus standard treatment were (US $) $123 v $133 and $219 v $267, respectively. For the 29 POST patients, the median and mean DMCs for the clinical trial versus standard treatment were $157 v $152 and $226 v $226, respectively. Using a linear mixed model, there was no significant difference between TRIAL and standard treatment DMCs (P = .54). Conclusion Using patients as their own controls represents a new, efficient method for evaluating the cost of phase I trials, and it warrants further study. The results of our pilot study do not suggest that phase I trials always cost payers more than standard treatment.
Suicide among women prisoners at a record high, report says
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Suicide and self harm among women prisoners in England and Wales are at a record high, says a report by the Prison Reform Trust, which warns that prison is becoming a dumping ground for women with mental health problems.

Funded by the Nuffield Foundation, the report calls on the government to invest in mental health provision, drug treatment, and supervision in the community as an alternative to prison for vulnerable women accused of non-violent crimes.

The report praises the Prison Service for overhauling its health policy but says the service is still failing to provide adequate care and that mental health provision in jails is of a much lower …
Newly Developed Endotriptor for Patients with Basket Impaction in the Distal Common Bile Duct
Authors: T. Nakatsu, N. Uchida, M. Ogawa, A. Muramatsu, A. Morishita, H. Yoneyama, K. Nomura, T. Sokabe, T. Masaki, S. Kuriyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

We have developed a new endotriptor that can be used through the instrument channel of the duodenoscope. The coiled metal sheaths are 53 cm long and 2.4 mm in diameter (Figure [1 ] a), and fit over the remaining wire of the basket catheter. “Remaining wire” here means the length of wire between the entrance of the instrument channel port on the duodenoscope and the cut end of the wire. The sheaths are designed to be slightly shorter than the “remaining wire”. This allows easy insertion of a sheath over the wire and into the endoscope. An Olympus JF-200 duodenoscope and an FG 22-Q-1 or 403Q basket catheter (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan), the length and diameter of which are suitable for the new endotriptor, were used.
Tibia and Fibula
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>Dr. W. Mnaymneh</h3> A 54-year-old woman was brought to the emergency ward of the Massachusetts General Hospital 15 minutes after having been struck by an automobile. She had sustained an injury confined to the right lower extremity and had not lost consciousness. Her general health was good. She had had a hysterectomy at the age of 28 for reasons unknown. Examination of the right lower extremity showed an open fracture of the right tibia, with circular skin and subcutaneous tissue loss approximately 2 inches in diameter along the medial surface of the tibia lying directly over the fracture site (Fig. 1). There was also marked swelling in the lateral portion of the right knee. Maximum tenderness in this area was over the lateral joint line and the head of the fibula. Circulation and neurologic function were intact in this extremity. A dry sterile dressing was placed over the open wound.
376 STRONG ASSOCIATION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN AN URBAN POPULATION OF SIBERIA. RESULTS OF OPEN MULTICENTRAL PROSPECTIVE STUDY DIREG_L_01903
Authors: V.V. Tsukanov, E.V. Lukicheva, J.L. Tonkikh, E.J. Kupershtein, O.S. Amelchugova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A NON-INVASIVE METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF LUNG TISSUE VOLUME IN PATIENTS WITH FIBROSING LUNG DISEASE: COMPARISON WITH LUNG DENSITY MEASUREMENT BY POSITRON TRANSMISSION TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Andrew Peacock, S. Valind, J.M.B. Hughes, M. Alchanat, T. Sopwith, M. Turner-Warwick
Journal: The Lancet (1984)
Sleep, not REM sleep, is the royal road to dreams
Authors: Alexander A. Borbély, Lutz Wittmann
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The advent of functional imaging has reinforced the attempts to define dreaming as a sleep state-dependent phenomenon. PET scans revealed major differences between nonREM sleep and REM sleep. However, because dreaming occurs throughout sleep, the common features of the two sleep states, rather than the differences, could help define the prerequisite for the occurrence of dreams. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen; Solms; Revonsuo; Vertes &amp; Eastman]
Mortality increases after massive exchange transfusion with older stored blood in canines with experimental pneumonia
Authors: Steven B. Solomon, Dong Wang, Junfeng Sun, Tamir Kanias, Jing Feng, Christine C. Helms, Michael A. Solomon, Meghna Alimchandani, Martha Quezado, Mark T. Gladwin, Daniel B. Kim-Shapiro, Harvey G. Klein, Charles Natanson
Journal: Blood (2012)
Slip an extra locust on the barbie?
Authors: Tony Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2013)

More than half the world already eats insects; why not everyone?

Following in the footsteps of John the Baptist, I’ve eaten honeyed locusts, although in my case from a tin. I’ve sucked formic acid directly from the abdomens of green ants (quite lemony in flavour). And I’ve devoured sorrel leaves with a paste made of crickets at Noma, a Copenhagen restaurant.

Far from such gastronomic exhibitionism setting me apart from the rest of humanity, it places me firmly with the majority. According to Dutch entomologist Marcel Dicke, more than half the world’s population consumes insects—not out of necessity, but because they regard them as delicacies. Dicke was on hand at “Exploring the Deliciousness of Insects,” an evening organised by the Wellcome Collection, London. While he provided the theory, the Nordic Food Lab, set up by Noma’s founders, provided the practice.

Dicke’s message was that insects are nutritionally rich and low in production resource, which matters in a world where the population is steadily increasing, people are eating more meat, and 70% of agricultural land is being used for grazing. Traditional supplies of animal protein soon won’t be able to …
Ambulatory-based Residency Education: Improving the Congruence of Teaching, Learning, and Patient Care
Authors: Steven A. Wartman, Patricia S. O'Sullivan, Michele G. Cyr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Residency education in internal medicine should be based in the ambulatory setting. The challenge in ambulatory education lies not only in the unique opportunities afforded by the setting but also in the careful implementation of a program based on sound educational principles. We have designed a new ambulatory-based model of internal medicine residency that adheres to the principles of adult learning theory. Four aspects of the proposed residency model are discussed: the setting, the teaching-learning model, the curriculum, and the schedule. Potential barriers to implementation of the model are reviewed, and solutions are suggested. Residency programs in internal medicine are at an important crossroad. Either we can substantially change the programs' content and focus, or we can risk the continued unpopularity and "second-class" status of the programs among medical students. Internal medicine needs to be recognized and accepted as a fundamental primary care discipline to justify continued public support in an era of overspecialization.
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis masquerading as interstitial pneumonia in a 66-year-old man: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Ashima Makol, Kalyan Kosuri, Deimante Tamkus, Wanderley de M Calaca, Howard T Chang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2009)

Abstract Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) is a rare, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated systemic angiodestructive lymphoproliferative disorder that may progress to a diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Pulmonary involvement may mimic other more common lung pathologies including pneumonias. Therapeutic standards have not been established for LG, but rituximab, interferon-α2b (INF-α2b), and chemotherapy have shown to improve symptoms and long term prognosis. We report a case of rapid respiratory deterioration in a 66-year-old man with clinical presentation, chest radiography, pulmonary function testing and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings consistent with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, but very poor response to antibiotics and low dose steroids. Lung biopsy showed histopathology consistent with LG that was confirmed by a positive in situ hybridization for Epstein - Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER). The patient was treated with rituximab and combination chemotherapy and showed significant initial clinical improvement with gradual resolution of abnormal findings on imaging. However, the patient developed pancytopenia as a complication of chemotherapy and died secondary to septic shock and renal failure that were refractory to medical management. Autopsy showed diffuse alveolar damage but no evidence of any residual LG within the lungs. This case demonstrates that an open lung biopsy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical (VATS) biopsy is often necessary to rule out the presence of LG in order to determine the appropriate therapeutic strategy early in the course of illness to improve prognosis.
Seeds of Reform
Authors: Burton V. Reifler
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE TREATMENT OF RINGWORM OF THE SCALP WITH THALLIUM ACETATE
Authors: G. H. PERCIVAL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1930)

Journal Article THE TREATMENT OF RINGWORM OF THE SCALP WITH THALLIUM ACETATE Get access G. H. PERCIVAL, M.B., PH.D G. H. PERCIVAL, M.B., PH.D Skin‐Department, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 42, Issue 2, 1 February 1930, Pages 59–69, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1930.tb09395.x Published: 01 February 1930
Accumulation and Clearance of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in Current and Former Residents of an Exposed Community
Authors: Ryan Seals, Scott M. Bartell, Kyle Steenland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a perfluoroalkyl acid found in &gt; 99% of Americans. Its health effects are unknown. Prior estimates of serum half-life range from 2.3 to 3.8 years.ObjectivesWe assessed the impact of years of residence and years since residing in the study area on serum PFOA concentration in a sample of current and former residents who were exposed to PFOA emissions from an industrial facility in six water districts in West Virginia and Ohio.MethodsSerum samples and questionnaires, including residential history, were collected in 2005–2006. We modeled log serum PFOA (nanograms per milliliter) for current residents as a function of years of residence in a water district, adjusted for a variety of factors. We modeled the half-life in former residents who lived in two water districts with high exposure levels using a two-segment log-linear spline.ResultsWe modeled serum PFOA concentration in 17,516 current residents as a function of years of residence (R2 = 0.68). Years of residence was significantly associated with PFOA concentration (1% increase in serum PFOA/year of residence), with significant heterogeneity by water district. Half-life was estimated in two water districts comprising a total of 1,573 individuals. For the participants included in our analyses, we found that years since residing in a water district was significantly associated with serum PFOA, which yielded half-lives of 2.9 and 8.5 years for water districts with higher and lower exposure levels, respectively.ConclusionYears of residence in an exposed water district is positively associated with observed serum PFOA in 2005–2006. Differences in serum clearance rate between low- and high-exposure water districts suggest a possible concentration-dependent or time-dependent clearance process or inadequate adjustment for background exposures.
Points from Letters: Coping with Nose-bleeds
Authors: J. B. Tracey
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Mileage for Consultants SIR,-In your footnote to the letter from Dr. M. C. C. Bird (11 May, p. 336) you quote the Secretary as saying that the mileage allowances in the N.H.S. have been increased three times since last December.Readers may like to know what these princely increases were.The allowance was first increasod from 5 5p to 5 6p and then to 5-7p; and
Erythroid cell RNase: activation by urea and localization to the cell membrane
Authors: Edward R. Burka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Assays of ribonuclease activity in components of mature and immature mammalian erythroid cells indicate that RNase activity is present both in the membrane-free hemolysate and the washed membranes. Erythroid cell RNase exists in an active and latent form. The majority of total cell RNase activity is in the latent state, and is localized to the erythroid cell membrane. Both total and latent RNase activity decline as the cell matures. The latent RNase is released from its relatively firm attachment to the cell membrane and activated by centrifugation or, optimally, by exposure to 4 M urea. The active sites of membrane-associated RNase are apparently oriented toward the inner side of the cell membrane. The properties of the latent membrane-bound RNase which is activated by urea, including K(m), pH optimum, inhibition of enzyme activity by cations, and response to metabolic inhibitors, do not differ significantly from those of the soluble RNase in the membrane-free hemolysate, suggesting that there is only one type of RNase in the erythroid cell. Binding of Rnase to the erythroid cell membrane stabilized the enzyme against inactivation during incubation at 37 degrees C, and the findings suggest that membrane-bound RNase may play a particular part in degrading ribosomes. The findings indicate that the cell membrane has a major role in RNA metabolism in the maturing mammalian erythroid cell.
Landmark article July 20, 1946: Chloroquine for treatment of acute attacks of vivax malaria. By Harry Most, Irving M. London, Charles A. Kane, Paul H. Lavietes, Edmund F. Schroeder and Joseph M. Hayman, Jr
Authors: H. Most
Journal: JAMA (1984)

During the recent war an intensive search for new antimalarial drugs was conducted in the course of which thousands of chemical substances were investigated under the auspices of the Office of Scientific Research and Development. Studies were designed to find drugs which might have one or more of the following properties: (<i>a</i>) true causal prophylaxis, (<i>b</i>) ability to effect complete cure following treatment, (<i>c</i>) greater efficacy than quinacrine and quinine in suppression and (<i>d</i>) greater efficacy than quinine and quinacrine in the treatment of acute clinical attacks. The present report is concerned with chloroquine (SN 7618): 7-chloro-4-(4-diethylamino-1-methylbutylamino) quinoline, which is one of a series of new active antimalarial agents. Detailed studies of the antimalarial properties, pharmacology and toxicity of this drug have been carried out by numerous investigators, and undoubtedly the results of these studies will be generally available in the near future.<sup>1</sup>This paper is concerned principally with