tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thrombosis in Abdominal Aorta Associated with Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: S. S. Gubbay, B. R. Beveridge
Journal: BMJ (1962)

PSORIASIS BRITIsHThe local therapy used in the first three weeks with all patients cannot be regarded as entirely bland, but this was deliberate, as we felt the numbers of patients defaulting would thereby be diminished.In fact only two patients defaulted, and one of them attended at three weeks.For the same reason more potent local therapy was introduced at three weeks in approximately half the series, but since 18 of these received vitamin B,2 and 18 received the placebo any clear superiority of vitamin B,2 would be expected to assert itself.Actually the numbers of patients substantially improved or clear in these groups at six weeks were exactly the same-13 in each. ConclusionThese results give no support to the belief that vitamin B,2 is of any value in the treatment of psoriasis whether combined with treatment with a bland ointment, a dithranol regime, or a modified Goeckermann regime.
No nation wanted it so much
Authors: F. J Dunne
Journal: BMJ (1990)

ending.The "individual" poems are sometimes used to point to wider truths, notably religious ones that are clearly a great strength in these circumstances; but often the wider aspects are only implicit, in the best poetic tradition.Anyone could get something out of the book and for patients, relatives, and professional and voluntary workers (including the clergy) it could be immensely valuable-not only in hospices and hospitals but also inresidential homes and at home, and in. the context of serious or chronic illness that is not terminal.Apart from widening horizons and perhaps sowing the seeds of poetry writing, the poems could give insights to all concerned, helping them to discuss painful problems.David Frampton says that one of the most important things about such poems by patients is that they teach the professionals about dying and disability, which is a "tremendous motivating force" to patients who are told this.'He argues that many people with suitable gifts would probably be available to work on a voluntary basis with patients both inside and outside hospices, given the right training and supervision.Growth through suffering, he says, can be encouraged and stimulated-and that indeed is apparent in many of these poems.
AN OPERATION FOR THE RELIEF OF PARALYSIS OF THE GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MUSCLE
Authors: FRANK R. OBER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Paralysis of the gluteus maximus muscle is seen very frequently in poliomyelitis.1To the present, constructive measures offered for its relief are few.2When the paralysis is so extensive that the patient cannot raise the leg against gravity, the gait is very unsightly and disabling. The hip joint is often flexed, especially when the thigh flexors have good power, and dislocation of the hip joint may occur.  It is my intention in this paper to present a new method for the relief of gluteus paralysis, and to discuss briefly the operations of Lange and Kreuscher, and also that of Legg3for gluteus medius paralysis.  Lange frees the outer half or two thirds of the lower end of the sacrospinalis muscles from the surrounding muscles and the ilium. Several long heavy silk strands are attached to the trochanter and passed upward under the skin and sutured to the
Genetic Disruption of Lactate/H+ Symporters (MCTs) and Their Subunit CD147/BASIGIN Sensitizes Glycolytic Tumor Cells to Phenformin
Authors: Ibtissam Marchiq, Renaud Le Floch, Danièle Roux, Marie-Pierre Simon, Jacques Pouyssegur
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Rapidly growing glycolytic tumors require energy and intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis through the activity of two major monocarboxylate transporters, MCT1 and the hypoxia-inducible MCT4, in intimate association with the glycoprotein CD147/BASIGIN (BSG). To further explore and validate the blockade of lactic acid export as an anticancer strategy, we disrupted, via zinc finger nucleases, MCT4 and BASIGIN genes in colon adenocarcinoma (LS174T) and glioblastoma (U87) human cell lines. First, we showed that homozygous loss of MCT4 dramatically sensitized cells to the MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965. Second, we demonstrated that knockout of BSG leads to a decrease in lactate transport activity of MCT1 and MCT4 by 10- and 6-fold, respectively. Consequently, cells accumulated an intracellular pool of lactic and pyruvic acids, magnified by the MCT1 inhibitor decreasing further pHi and glycolysis. As a result, we found that these glycolytic/MCT-deficient cells resumed growth by redirecting their metabolism toward OXPHOS. Third, we showed that in contrast with parental cells, BSG-null cells became highly sensitive to phenformin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Phenformin addition to these MCT-disrupted cells in normoxic and hypoxic conditions induced a rapid drop in cellular ATP-inducing cell death by "metabolic catastrophe." Finally, xenograft analysis confirmed the deleterious tumor growth effect of MCT1/MCT4 ablation, an action enhanced by phenformin treatment. Collectively, these findings highlight that inhibition of the MCT/BSG complexes alone or in combination with phenformin provides an acute anticancer strategy to target highly glycolytic tumors. This genetic approach validates the anticancer potential of the MCT1 and MCT4 inhibitors in current development.
Space Medicine in Perspective
Authors: Charles A. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The second flight series of the US Manned Space Flight Program has just been concluded. The successful and safely conducted Mercury and Gemini programs have provided us with the first significant knowledge concerning man's capability to cope with the environment of space. We are eagerly looking forward to long-duration flights in the three-man Apollo series and the use of a space laboratory to be accomplished in the S-IVB orbital workshop. It seems timely to review our medical progress and knowledge concerning space medicine and to evaluate the course on which we are embarked. Nineteen men have flown 25 manned flights, giving us a total weightless experience of some 2,000 man-hours. Three individuals have flown both single- and dual-crew spacecraft and four individuals have flown twice in the Gemini spacecraft. Summaries of these flight programs are presented in Tables 1 and 2. This massive flight experience, while literally only scratching the
Reconciling vague and formal models of language evolution
Authors: Henry Brighton, Rui Mata, Andreas Wilke
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

One way of dealing with the proliferation of conjectures that accompany the diverse study of the evolution of language is to develop precise and testable models which reveal otherwise latent implications. We suggest how verbal theories of the role of individual development in language evolution can benefit from formal modeling, and vice versa.
Abstract 3377: CXCL13-directed therapy against bone metastasis in hormone-refractory prostate cancer
Authors: James W. Lillard, Rajesh Singh, Shailesh Singh, Praveen K. Sharma
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Metastasis is responsible for most prostate cancer (PCa) related deaths; therefore, therapies designed to prevent or abrogate the spread of cancer cells and prognostic tests to better predict outcomes are greatly needed. Chemokines and their receptors are thought to play key roles in this multi-factorial process. We have recently reported, chemokine receptor CXCR5 and its ligand CXCL13 expression positively correlates with prostate tumor staging. We have also noted differential expression of CXCR5 by PCa cell lines (LNCaP, C4-2B, DU145, and PC3). By virtue of the presence of elevated CXCL13 levels in patient serum, CXCL13 secretion by bone marrow endothelium, and expression of CXCR5 on the surface of PCa cells, we hypothesized that gradient-dependent CXCR5-CXCL13 interactions are responsible in part for PCa cell bone metastases and inhibition of this axis may prove beneficial for prevention of bone metastasis and tumor progression. Luciferase-expressing PC3 cells were injected into the right carotid artery or directly into the tibia of nude mice. Before and after the development of bone metastases, groups were treated with control or anti-CXCL13 antibodies every third day and monitored for tumor progression or regression by non-invasive bioluminescent and microCT in vivo imaging. We demonstrate CXCL13 is present in bone marrow of xenograft tumor-bearing mice following intra-cardiac /intra-tibial injection of PC3 cells. This hormone-refractory PCa cell line established skeletal (osteolytic) metastases and tumor growth, but CXCL13 blockade significantly delayed prostate tumor formation, osteolysis, and spread to bones as well as growth, than compared to mice treated with control antibody. In conclusion, our study shows that the CXCL13-CXCR5 axis supports PCa bone metastasis and growth. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3377.
Sherwood George William Rainsbury
Authors: David Shreeve
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former general practitioner Manchester (b Nottinghamshire 1915; q Sheffield 1943), died from a heart attack on 5 May 2005.

He worked at Sheffield Children's Hospital during the Blitz before joining the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, becoming a surgeon lieutenant on active service with the Atlantic convoys and D Day landing. After six months at the Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield, he entered his father's general practice in Nottinghamshire and came to Manchester shortly before the start of the NHS, retiring in 1985. He took part in Sir Richard Doll's survey of smoking habits and use of prophylactic aspirin in ischaemic heart disease. In retirement he became a qualified horologist. He leaves a wife, Joan; two children; and six grandchildren.
The oral-facial-digital syndrome gene C2CD3 encodes a positive regulator of centriole elongation
Authors: Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Jaclyn S Lee, Estelle Lopez, Vicente Herranz-Pérez, Toshinobu Shida, Brunella Franco, Laurence Jego, Fan Ye, Laurent Pasquier, Philippe Loget, Nadège Gigot, Bernard Aral, Carla A M Lopes, Judith St-Onge, Ange-Line Bruel, Julien Thevenon, Susana González-Granero, Caroline Alby, Arnold Munnich, Michel Vekemans, Frédéric Huet, Andrew M Fry, Sophie Saunier, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Tania Attié-Bitach, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Laurence Faivre, André Mégarbané, Maxence V Nachury
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Update in Nephrology: Evidence Published in 2010
Authors: Neiha Arora, Glenn M. Chertow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Updates21 June 2011Update in Nephrology: Evidence Published in 2010Neiha Arora, MD and Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPHNeiha Arora, MDFrom Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.Search for more papers by this author and Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPHFrom Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-12-201106210-00342 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A landmark year in nephrology, 2010 saw the publication of many large (and small), simple (and focused) randomized, controlled trials in areas of fundamental importance to both nephrologists and general internists. Some trials showed no benefit of interventions that many clinicians had previously assumed to be so. These “negative” trials inform practice in important ways. Other trials showed benefit or harm, but issues of external validity should temper these findings. Large, high-quality cohort studies continued to build evidence on which to base practice. Finally, innovative basic science and genetic studies have begun to offer insight about differences in the clinical ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Neiha Arora, MD; Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPHAffiliations: From Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.Article relevant to primary care general internistsArticle relevant to hospitalistsDisclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-0462.Corresponding Author: Glenn M. Chertow, MD, MPH, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Road, Suite 106, Palo Alto, CA 94034; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Current Author Addresses: Drs. Chertow and Arora: Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 780 Welch Road, Suite 106, Palo Alto, CA 94034.Author Contributions: Conception and design: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Analysis and interpretation of the data: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Drafting of the article: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Final approval of the article: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora.Collection and assembly of data: G.M. Chertow, N. Arora. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOptimizing Care in Diabetes: a Quixotic ChallengeCardiorenal Interrelationship 21 June 2011Volume 154, Issue 12Page: 824-829KeywordsEstimated glomerular filtration rateHypertensionKidney stonesMedical dialysisMyocardial infarctionRenal arteriesRenal diseasesRenal failureStent implantationType 2 diabetes ePublished: 21 June 2011 Issue Published: 21 June 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Iron supplement may reduce cough linked with ACE inhibitors
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Iron supplements may be a simple remedy for the common dry cough associated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drugs, a study has reported in Hypertension (August 2001;38:166), the journal of the American Heart Association. “Dry cough is the most often reported and troublesome complication associated with [the use of these drugs],” said one of the study's authors, Dr Kyung Pyo …
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and Blood Pressure Self-Measurement in the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension
Authors: Lawrence J. Appel, William B. Stason
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To review published evidence on the use of ambulatory and self-measurement devices in the diagnosis and management of hypertension. Data Sources: Computerized literature searches and manual review of bibliographies. Study Selection: Articles documenting original research pertaining to the diagnosis, treatment, or prognosis of hypertension using ambulatory or self-measurement devices. Results: Studies that have compared office, self-measured, and ambulatory blood pressures have documented substantial, but nonsystematic, differences. Such findings have raised concern over the appropriateness of diagnosing hypertension and initiating drug therapy in individuals with high office blood pressure but comparatively low self-measured or ambulatory blood pressure (office or white coat hypertension). Evidence from a large number of cross-sectional studies and a single prospective study suggests that blood pressure- related end-organ damage is more closely associated with ambulatory than with office blood pressure. Less evidence supports self-measured blood pressure in this regard, and data are insufficient to compare ambulatory and self-measured blood pressure in terms of cardiovascular disease risk prediction. The estimated resource cost of an ambulatory blood pressure test is approximately $120, whereas charges range from $100 to $450. The annualized resource cost of blood pressure self-measurement is $50 or less. On a national level, the annual direct costs of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring could be as high as $6 billion, if this technique were used routinely to diagnose and monitor hypertensive patients. The extent to which direct costs would be offset by savings from less frequent or more efficient treatment for hypertension cannot be estimated reliably. Several practical and technical issues also detract from the potential usefulness of ambulatory and self-measurement devices. Finally, there is some evidence that office blood pressures measured by well-trained nonphysicians may serve as an alternative to ambulatory and self-measurement techniques in estimating usual blood pressure. Conclusion: Limited clinical applications of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and blood pressure self-measurement in the diagnosis and management of hypertension appear to be warranted. Endorsement of these technologies for routine clinical use, however, will require more convincing evidence of their clinical effectiveness.
Stimulation of hepatic lipocyte collagen production by Kupffer cell-derived transforming growth factor β: Implication for a pathogenetic role in alcoholic liver fibrogenesis
Authors: Masaki Matsuoka, Hidekazu Tsukamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Transforming growth factor β has a specific stimulatory effect on collagen formation by hepatic lipocytes, a cell type believed to be a major source of extracellular matrices in the liver. Because monocytes and macrophages are the known sources of transforming growth factor β, Kupffer cells-resident macrophages in the liver-may also play an important role in liver fibrogenesis by releasing this cytokine and stimulating lipocyte collagen production. The present study tested this hypothesis using Kupffer cells and hepatic lipocytes isolated from a rat model of alcoholic liver fibrosis. Kupffer-cell-conditioned medium derived from the rat liver with alcoholic fibrosis, but not that from pair-fed control animals, significantly stimulated the net collagen formation of lipocytes isolated from the alcohol-fed, pair-fed control and chow-fed animals. Acidification of the Kupffer-cell-conditionied medium potentiated this effect threefold to fourfold, indicating the presence of a latent form. Fractionation of the Kupffer-cell-conditioned medium by high-performance liquid chromatography gel filtration revealed the major peak of the stimulatory activity corresponding to the molecular weight between 20 kD and 30 kD. It was completely inhibited by anittransforming growth factor β IgG. Furthermore, Northern blotting and hybridization of Kupffer-cell messenger RNA from alcohol-fed rats with 32P-labeled transforming growth factor β complementary DNA demonstrated the presence of 2.5 kb messenger RNA for this cytokine. We conclude that: (a) Kupffer cells isolated from the rat liver with alcoholic fibrosis express and release transforming growth factor β; (b) that this cytokine is largely responsible for the Kupffer-cell-conditioned medium-induced stimulation of collagen formation by hepatic lipocytes; and (c) that this may represent a possible molecular mechanism of lipocyte stimulation during alcoholic liver fibrogenesis.(HEPATOLOGY 1990; 11:599:605.)
Serum Amylase, Lipase, Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Phosphokinase, and Glutamic-Oxalacetic Transaminase (SGOT) in Renal Failure Treated by Hemodialysis.
Authors: R. E. Easterling
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Serum Amylase, Lipase, Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH), Creatine Phosphokinase, and Glutamic-Oxalacetic Transaminase (SGOT) in Renal Failure Treated by Hemodialysis.R. E. Easterling, M.D., (Associate)R. E. Easterling, M.D., (Associate)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-804_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSerum enzymes of diagnostic importance were tested according to a predetermined schedule to determine if unexplained elevations occur in patients with end-stage renal failure when frank uremia is prevented by hemodialysis. Evaluations of the patients' clinical status at the time of each measurement were used to assess the significance of abnormal values. Eleven patients who had been maintained with two or three times weekly hemodialyses for 3 to 26 (mean, 16) months were studied. Each enzyme was measured 82 times. AU SGOT values were within normal limits. The other results are given in the table.Analysis of the data was... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. E. Easterling, M.D., (Associate)Affiliations: Ann Arbor, Mich. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 804-804KeywordsAminotransferasesCreatineDehydrogenasesEnzymesLactate dehydrogenaseLipasesRenal failureSerum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Health authorities cannot force doctors to act against conscience
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A health authority has no power to require psychiatrists to act in a way that conflicts with their conscientious professional judgment, the House of Lords ruled last week

The law lords made their ruling in a case brought by a patient in Rampton Hospital whose conditional discharge was ordered by a mental health review tribunal but who remained in hospital because psychiatrists refused to supervise his treatment in the community.

The patient, named only as IH, argued that his continued detention between the tribunal's ruling and a decision by a new tribunal two years later that he should go on being detained breached his right to liberty under article 5 of the European convention on human rights.

IH, who …
Impairment of liver regeneration correlates with activated hepatic NKT cells in HBV transgenic mice
Authors: Zhongjun Dong, Jianhong Zhang, Rui Sun, Haiming Wei, Zhigang Tian
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

A fraction of HBV carriers have a risk to develop liver cancer. Because liver possesses a strong regeneration capability, surgical resection of cancerous liver or transplantation with healthy liver is an alternate choice for HBV-caused hepatocarcinoma therapy. How HBV infection affects the regeneration of hepatectomized or transplanted liver remains elusive. We report that partial hepatectomy (PHx)-induced liver regeneration was reduced in HBV transgenic (HBV-tg) mice, a model of human HBV infection. PHx markedly triggered natural killer T (NKT) cell accumulation in the hepatectomized livers of HBV-tg mice, simultaneously with enhanced interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production and CD69 expression on hepatic NKT cells at the early stage of liver regeneration. The impairment of liver regeneration in HBV-tg mice was largely ameliorated by NKT cell depletion, but not by natural killer (NK) cell depletion. Blockage of CD1d-NKT cell interaction considerably alleviated NKT cell activation and their inhibitory effect on regenerating hepatocytes. Neutralization of IFN-γ enhanced bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in HBV-tg mice after PHx, and IFN-γ mainly induced hepatocyte cell cycle arrest. Adoptive transfer of NKT cells from regenerating HBV-tg liver, but not from normal mice, could inhibit liver regeneration in recipient mice. Conclusion: Activated NKT cells negatively regulate liver regeneration of HBV-tg mice in the PHx model. (Hepatology 2007.)