tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 2 year old with fever and cough
Authors: A Gupta, D S Urquhart, A Devaraj, I M Balfour-Lynn
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A previously well, fully immunised 2 year old boy presented to his general practitioner with a five day history of cough and fever. He was initially prescribed oral amoxicillin, which did not improve his condition. On examination, the patient was febrile, tachycardic, and tachypnoeic; he was also in respiratory distress and had markedly reduced air entry on the right side of the chest with stony dullness on percussion. Cardiovascular and abdominal examinations were unremarkable. Inflammatory markers were raised (white cell count 28×109/l−1 and C reactive protein 340 mg/l−1). A chest radiograph was taken (fig 1).⇓ Chest radiograph (posteroanterior view) ### Short answers
Canadian doctors ask court to clarify who has authority in end of life situations
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Canada’s Supreme Court will next week consider an appeal from two Canadian doctors who seek, against a family’s objections, to withdraw life sustaining treatment from a patient they originally diagnosed as being in a persistent vegetative state, but whom they now describe as minimally conscious.

Hassan Rasouli, 60, a retired Iranian born engineer, contracted bacterial meningitis in late 2010 after surgery to remove a brain tumour, and has since been on mechanical ventilation at Toronto’s Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. All parties agree, however, that he is no longer in a vegetative state and has repeatedly given the thumbs up at his wife’s request.

A year ago, Rasouli’s doctors …
SKIN INFECTION OF RABBITS WITH HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM A PATIENT WITH ERYSIPELAS
Authors: Thomas M. Rivers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

Cultures of a hemolytic streptococcus isolated from a human case of erysipelas were tested for ability to produce lesions by injecting various amounts intradermally in shaved rabbits. Severe lesions could be developed at will in this way despite the fact that intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculations of large doses of the cultures failed to kill. The lesions were of two sorts, phlegmonous and erysipelas-like. A serum capable of warding off the injurious action of the streptococcus on the skin was procured from animals receiving repeated intracutaneous inoculations of the organism. Normal serum by contrast had no protective effect. By intradermal injections at several points in the same normal rabbit of small quantities of mixtures of equal parts of serum and various dilutions of a suspension of streptococci it proved possible to test sera for the presence of substances protective against the streptococcus.
THE USE OF CORTISONE IN LICHEN PLANUS.
Authors: P. B. MUMFORD, J. K. MORGAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1956)

Journal Article THE USE OF CORTISONE IN LICHEN PLANUS. Get access P. B. MUMFORD, M.D., F.R.C.P., P. B. MUMFORD, M.D., F.R.C.P. Lecturer in Dermatology, Victoria University, Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. K. MORGAN, M.B., M.R.C.P. J. K. MORGAN, M.B., M.R.C.P. Senior Registrar, Manchester and Salford Hospital for Skin Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 68, Issue 7-8, 1 July 1956, Pages 258–260, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1956.tb12812.x Published: 01 July 1956
<i>Fogbound Shores, Antarctica</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of mannitol and secretin on the biliary transport of urate in humans
Authors: J Kountouras, I Magoula, G Tsapas, I Liatsis
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

No evidence is available on the transport of biliary urate and the possible role of choleretic agents in the regulation of biliary urate elimination in humans. To test this hypothesis we studied the following: (1) 45 cholecystomized patients to determine urate levels in hepatic bile and gallbladder bile, and (2) 13 cholecystomized patients fitted with T-tubes to determine the effects of secretin injection (either 70 U of porcine secretin or 0.02 mg ·kg −1 of synthetic human secretin, as a single dose) and/or mannitol infusion (5 cm 3 · min −1 for 90 minutes) on biliary urate excretion. In the latter group, samples of bile and serum were analyzed for urate under basal state and after the administration of both agents. In our first approach, results showed that urate concentrations present in hepatic as well as in gallbladder bile were much lower than the corresponding values in serum ( P &lt; .001). The mean gallbladder bile urate concentration was not significantly increased over the concentration in hepatic bile. When compared with basal state values, procine and synthetic secretin induced a significant increase in mean urate clearance ( P &lt; .001) because of a significant increase in mean bile flow ( P &lt; .001), whereas the mean biliary urate concentration significantly decreased ( P &lt; .001) with a concomitant decrease in the mean serum urate concentration ( P &lt; .02). Mannitol also induced a significant increase in the mean urate clearance ( P &lt; .002) because of a significant increase in the mean biliary urate concentration ( P &lt; .01) with a concomitant decrease in the mean serum urate concentration ( P &lt; .01) and without changes in the mean bile flow ( P &gt; .05). Therefore, it appears that a substantial amount of urate is eliminated by biliary route. The load of biliary urate excreted may be modified by mannitol and secretin and possibly other factors, a finding that could have an application in some pathological conditions associated with decreased renal urate excretion.
Mitigation of muscular dystrophy in mice by SERCA overexpression in skeletal muscle
Authors: Sanjeewa A. Goonasekera, Chi K. Lam, Douglas P. Millay, Michelle A. Sargent, Roger J. Hajjar, Evangelia G. Kranias, Jeffery D. Molkentin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Muscular dystrophies (MDs) comprise a group of degenerative muscle disorders characterized by progressive muscle wasting and often premature death. The primary defect common to most MDs involves disruption of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC). This leads to sarcolemmal instability and Ca(2+) influx, inducing cellular necrosis. Here we have shown that the dystrophic phenotype observed in δ-sarcoglycan–null (Sgcd(–/–)) mice and dystrophin mutant mdx mice is dramatically improved by skeletal muscle–specific overexpression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase 1 (SERCA1). Rates of myofiber central nucleation, tissue fibrosis, and serum creatine kinase levels were dramatically reduced in Sgcd(–/–) and mdx mice with the SERCA1 transgene, which also rescued the loss of exercise capacity in Sgcd(–/–) mice. Adeno-associated virus–SERCA2a (AAV-SERCA2a) gene therapy in the gastrocnemius muscle of Sgcd(–/–) mice mitigated dystrophic disease. SERCA1 overexpression reversed a defect in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) reuptake that characterizes dystrophic myofibers and reduced total cytosolic Ca(2+). Further, SERCA1 overexpression almost completely rescued the dystrophic phenotype in a mouse model of MD driven solely by Ca(2+) influx. Mitochondria isolated from the muscle of SERCA1-Sgcd(–/–) mice were no longer swollen and calpain activation was reduced, suggesting protection from Ca(2+)-driven necrosis. Our results suggest a novel therapeutic approach using SERCA1 to abrogate the altered intracellular Ca(2+) levels that underlie most forms of MD.
Press: Tabloids blame asylum seekers for GP shortages
Authors: M. Raymond
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The UK tabloids have been fighting their latest war on asylum seekers on many fronts but one of the main battles has been about access to health services. On 27 January the Express claimed that a general practice in Birmingham was close to breaking point after 600 asylum seekers arrived to enrol. Last year the Daily Mail claimed that a medical centre in Derby was being given over to asylum seekers, forcing existing patients to go elsewhere. But perhaps the most emotive of this kind of story was on the front page of the Mail on Sunday on 19 January. The paper claimed that an 88 year old widow had been struck off by her general practice to make way for asylum seekers.

The Mail on Sunday claimed that the widow, Lydia Perry, from Stoke-on-Trent, was “summoned to the surgery to be told by her GP, Uday Pathak, to find a new doctor.” The paper …
Lack of Efficacy of Transdermal Nicotine in Smoking Cessation
Authors: Anne M. Joseph, David O. Antonuccio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

adequate dose of the conventional form.They reported that during the final three days of therapy, 27 percent of patients in the conventional amphotericin B group were receiving a reduced dose of the drug (0.3 mg per kilogram per day), as compared with 15 percent of those receiving liposomal amphotericin B (1.5 mg per kilogram per day).This high percentage might explain the significant difference between groups in the incidence of breakthrough fungal infections.
Naked DNA injection for liver metastases treatment in rats
Authors: Patrick Baqué, Valérie Pierrefite-Carle, Adolfo Gavelli, Nicole Brossette, Daniel Benchimol, André Bourgeon, Pascal Staccini, Marie-Christine Saint-Paul, Bernard Rossi
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

The cytosine deaminase (CD) gene converts the nontoxic prodrug, 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We previously showed that injection of CD-bearing cancer cells followed by 5-FC treatment can act as an autologous tumor vaccine in a syngenic liver metastasis model in rats. In the present work, we analyzed the antitumor efficiency of a direct intratumoral injection of a CD-expressing plasmid. In rats bearing microscopic or macroscopic metastases in right and left liver lobes, an injection of a CD-expressing plasmid was performed in the left lobe tumor, followed by 5-FC treatment of the animals. A significant regression of the DNA-injected tumor was observed in 5-FC-treated rats, both in microscopic ( P = .007) or advanced ( P &lt; .0001) tumor models. Moreover, this treatment also induced a potent distant bystander effect on untreated controlateral liver tumors and extrahepatic metastases, resulting in an increased survival compared with control animals in both tumor models ( P &lt; .05). In conclusion, these data suggest that direct intratumoral injection of a CD-expressing plasmid, associated to 5-FC administration, can constitute a powerful and innocuous alternative treatment for unresectable liver metastases from colon carcinoma.
Cerebral and Ophthalmic Artery Hemodynamic Responses in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Stewart G Albert, Camilo R Gomez, Stephen Russell, Bernard R Chaitman, Marla Bernbaum, Barbara A Kong
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE To address whether hemodynamic responses in the cerebral arteries and OAs may be altered in patients with diabetic retinopathy. We used TCD to evaluate the effects of changes in BP, posture, and exercise on MCA and OA blood flow velocities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 13 patients with BDR, 19 with PDR, and 11 control subjects. Each was tested while supine, breathing 100% oxygen, sitting, and during exercise. RESULTS Control subjects exhibited linear increases in velocity in the MCA and OA with increases in BP. Those with BDR had higher baseline sBP than control subjects. The MCA velocity response to BP in the BDR group was parallel to, but differed significantly from, the response in control subjects in compensation for the level of BP (ANCOVA F1,53 = 10.1, P = 0.003). The OA velocity response to BP was indistinguishable between the control subjects and the group with BDR. The group with PDR had more elevated BP than control subjects, and those with BDR had more advanced autonomic neuropathy. The PDR group had heterogenous velocity responses in the MCA and OA with respect to BP. None of the control subjects and 3 of 13 of the BDR group had abnormal autoregulatory velocity responses in the MCA or OA to 100% oxygen breathing, whereas 12 of 19 PDR patients were abnormal (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Of those with PDR, 4 had elevated MCA and 3 had elevated OA velocities while supine at rest. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PDR demonstrated abnormal hemodynamic responses of the cerebral and ophthalmic circulation both at rest and with exercise.
Asthma and exposure to cleaning products - a European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology task force consensus statement
Authors: A. Siracusa, F. De Blay, I. Folletti, G. Moscato, M. Olivieri, S. Quirce, M. Raulf-Heimsoth, J. Sastre, S. M. Tarlo, J. Walusiak-Skorupa, J.-P. Zock
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Professional and domestic cleaning is associated with work-related asthma (WRA). This position paper reviews the literature linking exposure to cleaning products and the risk of asthma and focuses on prevention. Increased risk of asthma has been shown in many epidemiological and surveillance studies, and several case reports describe the relationship between exposure to one or more cleaning agents and WRA. Cleaning sprays, bleach, ammonia, disinfectants, mixing products, and specific job tasks have been identified as specific causes and/or triggers of asthma. Because research conclusions and policy suggestions have remained unheeded by manufactures, vendors, and commercial cleaning companies, it is time for a multifaceted intervention. Possible preventive measures encompass the following: substitution of cleaning sprays, bleach, and ammonia; minimizing the use of disinfectants; avoidance of mixing products; use of respiratory protective devices; and worker education. Moreover, we suggest the education of unions, consumer, and public interest groups to encourage safer products. In addition, information activities for the general population with the purpose of improving the knowledge of professional and domestic cleaners regarding risks and available preventive measures and to promote strict collaboration between scientific communities and safety and health agencies are urgently needed.
Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: JOSIAH BROWN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

The cause of diabetes mellitus in man is still uncertain. Theories of etiology have gone full circle, starting from pancreatic disease to absence of consistent pancreatic pathology to demonstration of normal amounts of insulin in adult-onset diabetes, and now to relative insulin deficiency. It is now accepted that a long period of prediabetes precedes the onset of hyperglycemia or glucose intolerance, the latter often appearing incident to a metabolic stress such as obesity, infection, pregnancy, or corticosteroid or growth hormone excess. Renal disease in diabetes may be the cause of death in one half of juvenile-onset cases and consists of four types of glomerular lesions: nodular, diffuse, "fibrin cap," and "capsular drop." Diffuse or nodular lesions, or both, are found in almost all diabetics with clinical evidence of renal disease; the condition is usually progressive. There is a direct correlation between the severity of the diffuse glomerular lesion and clinical renal disease—proteinuria, impaired renal function, hypertension, and nephrotic syndrome. Diabetic retinopathy is best considered as a syndrome, characterized in its full-blown form by angiopathy, exudates, proliferative changes, and vitreous hemorrhages. This condition is present to some degree in approximately half the patients with diabetes mellitus. The course of diabetic retinopathy is variable, and the prognosis is therefore difficult to determine, but a substantial percentage of the patients eventually develop vision impairment from diabetic retinopathy. Thus, it constitutes one of the leading problems, if not the leading problem, in ophthalmology today. In terms of management, every effort should be made to prevent retinopathy by giving the patient the benefit of careful and continuing medical management. When the problems of diabetic retinopathy do develop, there are several methods of therapy that we now use—selectively, cautiously, and with an awareness that there is still much to be learned about this disorder and about its response to treatment.
The Changing Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Robert E. Hermann, Sharon Grundfest-Broniatowski, Caldwell B. Esselstyn
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I am writing in regard to the article by Mann et al<sup>1</sup>that reviews the changing treatment of breast cancer in New Mexico during a 14-year period. In this review, it is stated that "the apparent lack of adjuvant radiotherapy in some women receiving conservative therapy may prove to be a deleterious consequence" of breast-conserving operations for the treatment of breast cancer. When radiation therapy was not routinely given after partial or segmental mastectomy in this survey in New Mexico, it was believed by the authors to be "inadequate treatment." Two articles are quoted by the authors to suggest that decreased survival occurs if radiation therapy is not given after all breast-conserving operations. One article that was referred to, that of Fisher et al,<sup>2</sup>reports "a significantly decreased disease-free survival in patients undergoing segmental mastectomy alone compared with segmental mastectomy plus irradiation." Further reading
THROMBOSIS AS A COMPLICATION OF VENOGRAPHY
Authors: John Homans
Journal: JAMA (1942)

The recent introduction of venography in a number of the larger clinics suggests that the procedure may perhaps become widely used. In that case the complications to which it may give rise should be made a matter of general knowledge. With this object in view, I report an instance of severe pain and local thrombosis resulting from the introduction of a 50 per cent compound diodrast solution into the lesser saphenous vein of the leg. Records of a previous case of this kind are not available to me. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A man aged 34 had previously been well and was of a vigorous, athletic type. However, his father had died of pulmonary embolism, and a brother had suffered a serious postoperative embolic accident from which he recovered. During the previous year the patient had experienced three attacks of acute pleuritic pain, each of which was followed after a few
A case of classical mycosis fungoides associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I
Authors: M. DETMAR, G. PAULI, I. ANAGNOSTOPOULOS, U. WUNDERLICH, H. HERBST, C. GARBE, H. STEIN, C. E. ORFANOS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

A 72‐year‐old male patient from north‐eastern Iran developed the typical clinical and histopathological features of mycosis fungoides with lymphadenopathy, but without any other systemic involvement. Human T‐cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV‐I) antibodies were detected in the patient's serum by two different ELISAs and by Western blot using purified viral particles from MT‐2 culture supernatants. Cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes were positive for labelling with anti‐HTLV‐I serum. Southern blot hybridization of DNA extracted from a skin tumour and from an involved lymph node revealed integrated proviral DNA with identical restriction patterns. This case supports a relationship between mycosis fungoides and HTLV‐I and may indicate a new region of endemic HTLV‐I infection.
Prevalence Of Latex, Latex-Related Fruit Allergens And Pollen Profillins Sensitization In A Group Of Patients With Latex Sensitization And Its Value As Predictors Of Clinical Vs Subclinical Sensitization To Latex
Authors: M. Pedrosa, E. Garcia-Vena, S. Quirce, T. Caballero
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
p53 Is Positively Regulated by miR-542-3p
Authors: Yemin Wang, Jen-Wei Huang, Maria Castella, David George Huntsman, Toshiyasu Taniguchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 and miRNAs are linked through a complex network. Several miRNAs modulate p53 expression, while p53 regulates the transcription and/or biogenesis of several other miRNAs. Here, we report the development of a cell-based assay used with a library of human miRNA mimics in a high-throughput screen for miRNAs that modulate p53 expression. Overexpression of miRNA (miR)-542-3p in cancer cells elevated p53 expression, stimulated the expression of p53 targets, and inhibited cell proliferation. Mechanistically, miR-542-3p increased p53 protein stability by weakening interactions between p53 and its negative regulator MDM2. Furthermore, miR-542-3p suppressed ribosome biogenesis by downregulating a subset of ribosomal proteins such as RPS23, leading to upregulation of RPL11 and stabilization of p53. The 3′untranslated region in the RPS23 transcript contained a miR-542-3p–binding site, suggesting that RPS23 is a direct target of miR-542-3p. Our results define miR-542-3p as an important new positive regulator of p53 with potential applications in cancer treatment. Cancer Res; 74(12); 3218–27. ©2014 AACR.