tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Color Atlas of Anatomy: A Photographic Study of the Human Body
Authors: John E. Skandalakis
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Another anatomy book? Why? The authors justify this new edition as reflecting reality, which is quite true; as presenting regional and "stratigraphic" aspects—true again; and as limiting the subject to the essential and self-explanatory—not quite true. Gross anatomy today, unfortunately, is the stepchild of basic sciences. It fills me with great joy and admiration to see that scientists still have the desire and the stamina to dissect and learn and help others to learn from this wonderful frame, the human body. This book presents, in one volume of 417 pages, a colorful panorama of photographic anatomy. God only knows how much time and effort was needed to create this beautiful book. The dissections are meticulously detailed and the color photography is highly successful. The authors selected the photographs carefully to present in toto the several areas of the human body. There are many diagrams that are of tremendous help, especially
Primary treatment of leukemia relapses after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced‐intensity conditioning second transplantation from the original donor
Authors: Anskar Y.H. Leung, Eric Tse, Yu‐Yan Hwang, Thomas S.Y. Chan, Harinder Gill, Chor‐Sang Chim, Albert K.W. Lie, Yok‐Lam Kwong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Acute leukemia relapsing after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has dismal outcome. Consecutive consenting patients (acute myeloid leukemia: N = 71; acute lymphoblastic leukemia: N = 37), at a median age of 37 (16-57) years, who had relapsed 7.9 (1.3-132) months post-HSCT, were treated with three cytarabine-based intensive regimens as reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC), followed by infusion of mobilized HSC from the original donors. There were four treatment-related mortalities (TRMs). Of 104 evaluable cases, 72 patients (67%) achieved complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi). The median overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 11.6 months. The OS of patients achieving CR/CRi after the first RIC/HSCT was 18.8 months, as compared with 3.9 months for those not (P < 0.01). For 32 patients with nonremission, 11 received a repeat RIC-HSCT, leading to CR/CRi in three cases. Therefore, 75/108 (69%) of patients achieved CR/CRi after one or two courses of RIC-HSCT. Among CR/CRi patients, 48 cases relapsed again after 6.1 (1.0-64.4) months. Thirty cases received a repeat RIC-HSCT, leading to CR/CRi in 22 patients. Multivariate analyses showed a significant impact of remission duration after initial HSCT (P = 0.026) and the presence of acute graft-versus-host disease after RIC-HSCT (P = 0.011) on CR/CRi. RIC-HSCT as primary treatment for acute leukemic relapses post-HSCT induced a high CR rate with low TRM. Optimal postremission treatment remains to be defined.
The Diagnostic Value of Transendoscopic Miniature Ultrasonic Probe for Esophageal Diseases
Authors: Xu Guo-ming, Niu Yan-lin, Zou Xiao-pin, Jin Zheng-dong, Li Zhao-shen
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

To investigate the value of a transendoscopic miniature ultrasonic probe (USP) in the diagnosis of esophageal diseases.Endoscopic ultrasonography was performed by means of USP in 53 patients with esophageal diseases, including 16 with esophageal leiomyoma, 14 with esophageal carcinoma, seven with achalasia, seven with reflux esophagitis, six with esophageal polyps and three with esophageal varices.USP clearly showed all 16 esophageal leiomyomas, whereas, conventional EUS could not show five small leiomyomas less than 1.0 x 1.0 cm in size. The appearance of esophageal leiomyoma was that of a hypoechoic mass with a homogeneous inner echogram arising from the fourth hypoechoic layer. All 14 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent full endosonographic T and N staging with USP. In two cases passage of the malignant stenosis proved to be impossible using conventional EUS. The accuracy of USP on T staging and N staging was 80% and 30%, respectively. In the seven achalasia patients USP demonstrated a seven-layer structure of the esophageal wall, with thickening of the third and fifth layers. In the seven patients with reflux esophagitis no difference was found for the ultrasonic image between that with and that without Barrett's epithelium. All of the esophageal polyps were showed by USP as hypoechoic homogeneous lesion with indistinct margins. After endoscopic sclerotherapy the ultrasonographic feature of esophageal varices changed from submucosal multiple anechoic areas to high echoic areas.With refinement, the transendoscopic miniature ultrasonic probe will play an increasing role in the diagnosis of esophageal disease.
Vacuum Extraction and Symphysiotomy
Authors: F. A. Best
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MWcMJOURNMinonary homograft.Of greater relevance is the mode of determination of the physio- logical state of the graft at any particular time, for its protection by immunosuppressant substances will be directly dependent on this.We were interested to learn of the incidence of the immediate vascular hypersensitivity reaction described by Dr. de Bono, for we have failed to recognize this as a serious hazard.Though the prevention of rejection -of homografted pulmonary tissue using con- Xventional methods may well soon be super- seded by better techniques, it seems justifiable to consider carefully the place of pulmonary homotransplantation in man using presently available procedures.-We are, etc.
FOUR RECENT CASES OF EXTRA-GENITAL SYPHILIS IN PRIVATE PRACTICE.
Authors: L. DUNCAN BULKLEY
Journal: JAMA (1896)

While cases of syphilis innocently acquired are not of very infrequent occurrence, and the number of reported cases is increasing rapidly, the following recent instances in private practice are thought to be of sufficient interest to warrant placing them on record. They serve to call attention to the dangers which arise from the disease on every side, and to illustrate the diverse locations where the initial lesion of syphilis may be found, as well as the modes by which the poison may enter the system: <h3>Case 1.—Chancre of the Cheek.</h3> Mrs. W., aged 24, was sent to my office in consultation May 28, 1894, on account of a sore on the right cheek, just below the zygoma, which had refused to heal. It had begun six weeks previously, as a small pimple like a mosquito bite, which had soon broken down, leaving a raw surface, which increased in size to
First Symposium on the Problems of Foreign Medical Graduates
Authors: Alton I. Sutnick
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The plight of the foreign medical graduate in American hospitals has been in need of attention for several decades. The educational needs of these foreign visitors are often subordinated to the service that they can render to patients in our hospitals. They have filled an increasing proportion of positions on our hospital house staffs over the years. Many have returned to their countries with suboptimal training; others have attempted to remain in the United States to continue their careers, with increasing numbers succeeding in doing so. Concerned medical educators have contended that we should provide the best possible medical training for these people in order that they may return to their countries to upgrade the standard of medical practice. This concept is not intended to restrict the training of foreign physicians to medical schools and large medical centers; such training can often best be provided by community hospitals. The best
Metastatic Argentaffinoma Secreting 5-Hydroxytryptamine in a Patient with a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: H. R. I. Wolfe, A. Davies, A. P. Mathias, M. Schachter
Journal: BMJ (1960)

ACUTE CARDIAC INFARCTION MEDICAioSuH 925 and was told that he had suddenly died, a course of events common enough in this disease.However, in the dead man's home I met a friend and colleague of his, whose story of the patient's last moments was as follows.Both policemen were out on duty when my patient had a sudden attack of severe pain in the chest.He was on the point of collapsing, but, supported by his friend, he just managed to remain standing, pale and bathed in sweat.Nitroglycerin did not alleviate the pain.When his friend proposed taking a taxi to the hospital, he refused, saying: "Since we have started on foot, we shall go on foot.There is no pain in the world strong enough to make me stop."He managed to walk the distance of about 400 m. to his home and even to mount four flights of stairs to his flat on the second floor, the lift being out of order.Then, having opened the front door, he fell down dead.It is a well-known fact that mortality from acute myocardial infarction is much higher among men than among women.In Finland the average life-span of men is, according to Kannisto (1951), 6.5 years shorter than that of women.Kannisto came to the conclusion that this difference between men and women, which is apparently greater in Finland than anywhere else, is largely due to the high mortality of middle-aged and old Finnish males from cardiac trouble.Among the causes of death acute myocardial infarction is of especial significance.The present investigation shows that there is a remarkable difference in the response of men and women to the symptoms of an attack, and to the pain of angina pectoris, and it may well be that this difference in part accounts for the high mortality from acute myocardial infarction among men in Finland. SummaryA report is presented on the physical exertions of 102 men and 31 women immediately after the onset of acute myocardial infarction.Only 28% of the men stopped all physical activity at once or soon after the onset of the attack.The majority (72%) continued to be active in spite of intense pain, even walking considerable distances, remaining at work, and so on.It was obvious that in many cases they had been able to keep up their efforts only by straining their will-power to the utmost.But even the severest pain did not seem to be a strong enough check to prevent them from moving.The majority of the women (about 77%) went to rest immediately at the onset of the attack under the compulsion of the symptoms.The response of the men was as unwise among those under 60 as among those over 60 years of age.The men who had had a previous myocardial infarction or previously diagnosed coronary insufficiency were only slightly more prudent.However, the view was taken that something might be gained by instructing patients more carefully.It is suggested that the physical activity continued by men in spite of the symptoms of the attack may be a contributory factor in the mortality from acute myocardial infarction.
Urinary infection presenting with jaundice.
Authors: A. B. Arthur, B. D. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Urinary infection in infancy often presents a problem in diagnosis in the absence of the classical symptoms of loin pain, frequency of micturition, or dysuria.Rather, urinary infection enters the differential diagnosis of the unwell infant who vomits, fails to gain weight, and has few, if any, localizing signs on examination.
Molecules Block Heart Amyloid
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regional Variations in the Use of Medical Services and the Accountability of the Profession
Authors: Joseph F. Boyle
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Elsewhere in this issue ofThe Journal1there appears yet another in a growing list of reports on variations in rates of utilization of health services or variations in medical practice patterns.  The current report leaves something to be desired in its methodology, completeness of analysis, and some of the deductions derived from the authors' data. For example, while pointing out that differences in fertility rates completely explained the variation in the observed-to-expected rates of cesarean section, the authors then include 7,260 days of hospitalization for cesarean section in computing potential savings that might occur were such variations eliminated. It would seem equally illogical to add 6,324 days for reduction of fractured femurs unless the authors are proposing a safety program to prevent people from breaking their legs. These two items account for over 30% of the excess bed use cited. In a similar fashion, one might also question
The Pulmonary Arterial Bed in Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: RICHARD L. NAEYE
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A quantitative, morphological study was undertaken on pulmonary arteries of 45 infants dying with ventricular septal defects; all but one were less than 3¼ years in age at death. All but four had large septal defects and most had evidences of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. In the first 2 postnatal months, about half of the infants had a near normal mass of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle which correlates with clinical observations of a decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance during this period. Subsequently, almost all had a greatly increased mass of muscle in small pulmonary arteries which was mainly due to hypertrophy of individual smooth muscle cells. This correlates with an increased pulmonary vascular resistance reported in infants with large defects at this age. Finally, infants older than 6 months of age with septal defects had a high incidence of pulmonary arterial thrombi, and intimal proliferative and sclerotic lesions. These latter lesions were probably at an irreversible stage in one 2-year-old and one 3-year-old infant.
Medicine's Responsibility in the Propagation of Poor Protoplasm
Authors: Allen S. Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THIS unexpected and undeserved honor has made me acutely aware of my lack of fitness to wear even for this short time the mantle that has graced such distinguished predecessors. Some of them have traced with inimitable charm and grace the progress of medicine through the years. Others have granted to you imaginative glimpses of its achievements in the years to come. As neither endowment nor inclination impels me to assume the role of either historian or prophet I shall ask you to consider with me not where we have been, not where we may be going, but where we . . .
ON THE ARSENICAL TREATMENT OF CASES OF SNAKE-BITE
Authors: B. Travers
Journal: BMJ (1853)

omIGAL2SEPT.W; but they were generally as ineffectual as if they had been applied to a dead body.During convalescence, quinine was alway!s administered, to the extent of six or eight grains of the disulphate daily; and the dietetic regimen required the utmost attention.
Stress and Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of How Stress Contributes to the Development of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shona J. Kelly, Mubarak Ismail
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2015)

Current policy and research around type 2 diabetes (T2D) interventions largely invoke a behavioral model. We suggest that activation of the physiologic stress response (PSR) from chronic exposure to stressors, low socioeconomic status (SES), severe mental health problems, or aggressive behavior increases the risk of T2D. This article is a comprehensive review of the literature on the link between T2D and psychosocial factors focusing on prospective studies of the risk for developing diabetes. The review found an increased risk for T2D in people: exposed to stressful working conditions or traumatic events; with depression; with personality traits or mental health problems that put them in conflict with others; of low SES, either currently or in childhood; and in racial/ethnic minority populations, independent of current SES. This review suggests that T2D prevention research would be more effective if (a) the PSR to psychosocial factors (especially social disparities) was recognized and (b) intervention programs evaluated reduction in social disparities as part of a comprehensive approach.
Intravenous administration of mesenchymal stem cells genetically modified with extracellular superoxide dismutase improves survival in irradiated mice
Authors: Aly S. Abdel-Mageed, Anthony J. Senagore, Daniel W. Pietryga, Robert H. Connors, Troy A. Giambernardi, Rick V. Hay, Weiwen Deng
Journal: Blood (2009)
Pain in Legs
Authors: Lois C. Wyatt
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the Questions and Answers section ofThe Journal(<b>177</b>:93 [July 8] 1961), the answer to possible causes of recurrent leg pains discusses the most obscure and rare causes, but does not even mention the most frequent and simple cause. Since I am a female, I have an advantage. The one thing that causes most calf pain is a change in the height of heels of shoes. Obviously, this does not occur in men, since their heels are usually of the same height. Let a woman change from 3 in. heels to flats or even to canvas and rubber shoes, and her legs will ache almost unbearably. Even a change from one and a half inch heels to flats or vice versa will cause pain. It is such simple things as this that keep us general practitioners busy. I am sure that many of us will
323 DETERMINATION OF RELIABILITY CRITERIA FOR LIVER STIFFNESS EVALUATION IN A COHORT OF 1165 PATIENTS
Authors: J. Boursier, J.-P. Zarski, V. de Ledinghen, Y. Bacq, M.-C. Rousselet, I. Fouchard-Hubert, Y. Gallois, F. Oberti, S. Bertrais, P. Calès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Matrix metalloproteinases MMP‐7, MMP‐9 and their tissue inhibitor TIMP‐1: expression in chronic sinusitis <i>vs</i> nasal polyposis
Authors: J. B. Watelet, C. Bachert, C. Claeys, P. Van Cauwenberge
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Nasal polyps (NP) are characterized by pseudocyst formation, whereas the mucosa in chronic sinusitis (CS) only shows a limited oedema. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endopeptidases able to degrade the extracellular matrix. Differences in histological features between CS and NP might be related to the respective expression of MMPs and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate MMP‐7, MMP‐9 and TIMP‐1 proteins in NP and CS in comparison with normal mucosa. Methods: Nasal samples, obtained from controls ( n = 10), from NP ( n = 8) and from CS ( n = 10), were analysed by immunohistochemistry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In NP, compared with controls, staining for MMP‐9 and MMP‐7 appeared in blood vessels. Matrix metalloproteinase‐9‐positive inflammatory cells could be detected in increased numbers in pseudocyst formations. Concentrations of MMP‐9 protein was found significantly increased in both CS and NP compared with controls, while MMP‐7 was significantly increased in NP compared with controls and CS. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase‐1 protein was significantly increased in CS and NP when compared with controls. Conclusions: Chronic sinusitis and NP show different pattern of MMP‐7/‐9 and TIMP‐1 expression. We suggest that this difference in regulation of enzymes is related to the respective tissue remodelling observed in both diseases.
Biomarker research in neurotoxicology: the role of mechanistic studies to bridge the gap between the laboratory and epidemiological investigations.
Authors: L G Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

There is an increasing interest in the development and validation of biomarkers for use in biochemical/molecular epidemiological studies. Though the area of neurotoxicology has received much attention in the past several years, it still lags behind with regard to the development of biomarkers, particularly those of health effects and susceptibility. This review discusses several aspects of biomarker research as it relates to neurotoxic compounds and focuses on selected agents (organophosphorus insecticides, styrene, n-hexane, carbon disulfide, acrylamide), which have been the subject of a number of investigations in animals and humans. While traditional biomonitoring approaches and novel techniques (e.g., hemoglobin adducts) provide several measurements for monitoring exposure to neurotoxic chemicals, potential markers of genetic susceptibility have been seldom investigated in a neurotoxicology context. Furthermore, the complexity of the nervous system, together with the multiplicity of end points and the limited knowledge of the exact mechanism(s) of action of neurotoxicants, has led to only limited advancements in the development of biomarkers for neurotoxic effects. Significant progress in this area will depend upon an increased understanding of the cellular, biochemical, and molecular targets directly involved in neurotoxicity.