tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
750 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ENTECAVIR VERSUS LAMIVUDINE IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS WITH ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE: 48 WEEKS RESULTS
Authors: Y. Zhang, X.-Y. Hu, Y.-Y. Wang, G. Chen, J. Chen, C.-T. Zhang, S. Zhong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The cardiomyogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells on silk fibroin–polysaccharide cardiac patches in vitro
Authors: Ming-Chia Yang, Shoei-Shen Wang, Nai-Kuan Chou, Nai-Hsin Chi, Yi-You Huang, Yu-Lin Chang, Ming-Jium Shieh, Tze-Wen Chung
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
A novel approach to chronic hepatitis B therapy: Adoptive immunotherapy with autologous, HBV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (specifex-HEP B)
Authors: C. Ave-Teel, A.R. Austin, A.R. Posey, J.M. Martinez, D. Rains, M.J. Corey, D.P. McMillen, A. Hardwick, S.C. Schneider
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Hepatic Glucokinase Modulates Obesity Predisposition by Regulating BAT Thermogenesis via Neural Signals
Authors: Sohei Tsukita, Tetsuya Yamada, Kenji Uno, Kei Takahashi, Keizo Kaneko, Yasushi Ishigaki, Junta Imai, Yutaka Hasegawa, Shojiro Sawada, Hisamitsu Ishihara, Yoshitomo Oka, Hideki Katagiri
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
New Method for Oxygen Therapy in the Home using an Oxygen Concentrator
Authors: R. D. Stark, J. M. Bishop
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Patients with pulmonary hypertension due to chronic bronchitis may improve during long-term treatment with oxygen. The methods of administration which are currently available are expensive and present practical difficulties. The Rimer-Birlec domiciliary oxygen concentrator produces an oxygen concentration of 92% at a flow of 21./min. It has been used successfully in a patient's home but further use will require an increase in mechanical reliability and a decrease in noise. In view of its convenience and the economic advantages the oxygen concentrator is an important advance in treatment with oxygen and could prove to be the method of choice in the home.
Terminal transport of lytic granules to the immune synapse is mediated by the kinesin-1/Slp3/Rab27a complex
Authors: Mathieu Kurowska, Nicolas Goudin, Nadine T. Nehme, Magali Court, Jérôme Garin, Alain Fischer, Geneviève de Saint Basile, Gaël Ménasché
Journal: Blood (2012)
Chronic metabolic acidosis increases the serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in humans by stimulating its production rate. Critical role of acidosis-induced renal hypophosphatemia.
Authors: R Krapf, R Vetsch, W Vetsch, H N Hulter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Chronic metabolic acidosis results in metabolic bone disease, calcium nephrolithiasis, and growth retardation. The pathogenesis of each of these sequelae is poorly understood in humans. We therefore investigated the effects of chronic extrarenal metabolic acidosis on the regulation of 1,25-(OH)2D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphate metabolism in normal humans. Chronic extrarenal metabolic acidosis was induced by administering two different doses of NH4Cl [2.1 (low dose) and 4.2 (high dose) mmol/kg body wt per d, respectively] to four male volunteers each during metabolic balance conditions. Plasma [HCO3-] decreased by 4.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/liter in the low dose and by 9.1 +/- 0.3 mmol/liter (P < 0.001) in the high dose group. Metabolic acidosis induced renal hypophosphatemia, which strongly correlated with the severity of acidosis (Plasma [PO4] on plasma [HCO3-]; r = 0.721, P < 0.001). Both metabolic clearance and production rates of 1,25-(OH)2D increased in both groups. In the high dose group, the percentage increase in production rate was much greater than the percentage increase in metabolic clearance rate, resulting in a significantly increased serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentration. A strong inverse correlation was observed for serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentration on both plasma [PO4] (r = -0.711, P < 0.001) and plasma [HCO3-] (r = -0.725, P < 0.001). Plasma ionized calcium concentration did not change in either group whereas intact serum parathyroid hormone concentration decreased significantly in the high dose group. In conclusion, metabolic acidosis results in graded increases in serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentration by stimulating its production rate in humans. The increased production rate is explained by acidosis-induced hypophosphatemia/cellular phosphate depletion resulting at least in part from decreased renal tubular phosphate reabsorption. The decreased serum intact parathyroid hormone levels in more severe acidosis may be the consequence of hypophosphatemia and/or increased serum 1,25-(OH)2D concentrations.
Soluble fibrin: A predictor for the development and outcome of multiple organ failure
Authors: Sixten Bredbacka, Margareta Blombäck, Björn Wiman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

According to our hypothesis ICU patients with signs of early hypercoagulation should develop more organ system failures that result in higher mortality rates and longer treatment periods. Routine coagulation tests are unreliable for measuring early hypercoagulation.Soluble fibrin (SF), reflecting hypercoagulation, was assessed at an early stage in 101 ICU patients. A spectrophotometric method using chromogenic peptide substrates was employed. The patients were divided into four groups, depending on the patient's highest level of SF within the first week after admission: Group I (21 patients), SF < 15 nmol/L (reference level); Group II (27 patients), SF 15-29 nmol/L; Group III (26 patients), SF 30-50 nmol/L and Group IV (27 patients), SF > 50 nmol/L. The number of secondary failing organ systems and the ventilator time, ICU time and mortality rates were recorded.There was a significant increase in the number of secondary failing organ systems (P < 0.0001) and a significantly increased mortality for the groups with higher SF (P = 0.01). There was a mean of 0.6, 1.3, 2.4, and 3.4 failing organs and a mortality of 14%, 22%, 30%, and 46% in the respective groups. The ventilator time and the ICU time were longest in Group III, but again shorter for Group IV (with the highest mortality). The mean ventilator times were 2.7, 6.4, 8.4, and 5.9 days and the mean ICU times were 4.1, 8.6, 10.3, and 7.3 days in the respective groups. Thirteen patients with SF > 100 nmol/L had a mean of 4.2 failing organ systems and an 85% mortality.Soluble fibrin, a marker of hypercoagulation, seems to predict organ system failure and outcome in ICU patients.
The spectrum of PIG-A gene mutations in aplastic anemia/paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (AA/PNH): a high incidence of multiple mutations and evidence of a mutational hot spot
Authors: Yousef Mortazavi, Bruno Merk, Jenny McIntosh, Judith C. W. Marsh, Hubert Schrezenmeier, Tim R. Rutherford
Journal: Blood (2003)
Venus Orbits Closer to Pain Than Mars, Rx for One Sex May Not Benefit the Other
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Calcium-Binding Protein in Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia
Authors: M. LENDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 July 1974Calcium-Binding Protein in Hypophosphatemic OsteomalaciaM. LENDER, M.D., W. Z. JACOBSOHN, M.D., J. MENCZEL, M.D.M. LENDER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. Z. JACOBSOHN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. MENCZEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-1-120_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We would like to report the finding of a low value of calcium-binding protein in an adult patient with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. The patient, a 70-year-old man, was referred to us because of severe skeletal pains of 6 years duration. Physical examination showed only tenderness to palpation along the vertebral column and scoliosis in the thoracic spine. Traces of albumin were found in the urine. Blood counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and blood chemistries were normal, except for plasma phosphorus values that ranged between 1.5 mg/100 ml and 1.78 mg/100 ml on repeated examinations and serum alkaline phosphatase levels...References1. MENCZELEILONSTEINER JGA: Calcium binding protein in human intestinal mucosa. Isr J Med Sci 7:396-398, 1971 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. DENTSTAMP CT: Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia presenting in adults. Q J Med 40:303-329, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. TAYLORWASSERMAN AR: Vitamin D 3—induced calcium binding protein—partial purification, electrophoretic visualization, and tissue distribution. Arch Biochem Biophys 119:536-540, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KALLFELZTAYLORWASSERMAN FAR: Vitamin D—induced calcium binding factor in rat intestinal mucosa. Proc Soc Expt Biol Med 125:54-58, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Shaare Zedek General Hospital Jerusalem Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1974Volume 81, Issue 1Page: 120-120KeywordsAlbuminsBlood chemistryBlood countsBlood plasmaErythrocyte sedimentation ratePhosphatasesPhosphorusProteinsSpineUrine Issue Published: 1 July 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Oxygen radicals inhibit human plasma acetylhydrolase, the enzyme that catabolizes platelet-activating factor.
Authors: G Ambrosio, A Oriente, C Napoli, G Palumbo, P Chiariello, G Marone, M Condorelli, M Chiariello, M Triggiani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) can exert profound inflammatory effects at very low concentrations. In plasma, PAF is hydrolyzed to lyso-PAF by acetylhydrolase, an enzyme that circulates bound to LDL. Previous studies suggest that oxygen radicals may act synergistically with PAF to potentiate tissue injury. However, mechanisms underlying this interaction have not been elucidated. In this study we investigated whether oxygen radicals may inactivate PAF acetylhydrolase. PAF acetylhydrolase activity was measured in human plasma and purified LDL before and after exposure to radicals (10-20 nmol/min per ml) generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase. Oxygen radicals induced > 50% loss of PAF acetylhydrolase activity within 60 s and almost complete inactivation by 10 min. This phenomenon was irreversible and independent of oxidative modification of LDL. Inactivation occurred without changes in the affinity constant of the enzyme (Km was 17.9 microM under control conditions and 15.1 microM after exposure to oxygen radicals). Inactivation was prevented by the scavengers superoxide dismutase or dimethylthiourea or by the iron chelator deferoxamine. Thus, superoxide-mediated, iron-catalyzed formation of hydroxyl radicals can rapidly and irreversibly inactivate PAF acetylhydrolase. Since concomitant production of PAF and oxygen radicals can occur in various forms of tissue injury, inactivation of acetylhydrolase might represent one mechanism by which oxygen radicals may potentiate and prolong the proinflammatory effects of PAF.
Differential Roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in Recognition of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacterial Cell Wall Components
Authors: Osamu Takeuchi, Katsuaki Hoshino, Taro Kawai, Hideki Sanjo, Haruhiko Takada, Tomohiko Ogawa, Kiyoshi Takeda, Shizuo Akira
Journal: Immunity (1999)
Diffuse Intervertebral Disc Calcification
Authors: LAWRENCE F. LAYFER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1977Diffuse Intervertebral Disc CalcificationLAWRENCE F. LAYFER, M.D., ROBERT KATZ, M.D., HARVEY GOLDEN, M.D.LAWRENCE F. LAYFER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT KATZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HARVEY GOLDEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-2-252_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In a recent letter (Ann Intern Med 85:616-619, 1976), Ballou and associates present a case of diffuse intervertebral disc calcification associated with local infiltration of amyloid. They note that disc calcification was previously thought to be "highly suggestive, if not pathognomonic, of ochronosis," and speculate that other infiltrative processes may similarly lead to calcification at these sites.Although not generally appreciated, intervertebral disc calcification has been reported in a number of other diseases. It is an infrequent, but by no means unusual, site of involvement in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition states. It has been reported in both...References1. GEGINTOVALENZUELAMARTINEZ MRC: Polyarticular and familial chondrocalcinosis. Arthritis Rheum 13:197-213, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BYWATERSDIXONSCOTT EAJ: Joint lesions of hyperparathyroidism. Ann Rheum Dis 22:171-179, 1963 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BYWATERSHAMILTONWILLIAMS EER: The spine in hemochromatosis. Ann Rheum Dis 30:453-465, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BYWATERSDORLINGSUTOR EJJ: Ochronotic densification. Ann Rheum Dis 29:563, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. EYRINGPETERSONBJÖRNSON ECD: Intervertebral disc calcification in childhood. J Bone Joint Surg 46A:1432-1441, 1964 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Section of Rheumatology Department of Medicine Rush-Presbyterian-St. Lukes Medical Center Chicago, IL 60610 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1977Volume 87, Issue 2Page: 252-252KeywordsCalcium Issue Published: 1 August 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 4347: γH2AX foci formation in lymphocytes <i>in vivo</i> is increased one hour after very low dose X-radiation in three young children
Authors: Brunhild M. Halm, Adrian A. Franke, Helen C. Turner, Jennifer F. Lai, Vatche Zohrabian, Robert DiMauro
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objective: Computer tomography (CT) involves ionizing X-irradiation which can cause DNA damage from free radicals. CT use has risen dramatically due to its high speed and diagnostic value but it leads to an estimated lifetime cancer risk of up to 4% with highest risk for children. Double strand breaks, the most serious DNA damage caused by X-rays and other types of ionizing radiation, leads to histone H2AX phosphorylation which causes recruitment of repair proteins to DNA damage sites. γH2AX foci therefore represent quantitatively double strand breaks and can be assayed by a fluorescent immunostaining procedure. This γH2AX assay has been shown to be useful as a reliable biodosimeter for X-irradiation in vitro, in animals, and in adults. Recently also children who received cardiac catheterization procedures involving fluoroscopy with intermediate X-irradiation doses showed a dose response in this assay. We tested whether the γH2AX assay can detect changes when children receive X-irradiation at very low doses (&amp;lt;3 mSv) from CT scans. Methods: For this pilot study, three children aged 3 to 21 months and scheduled for a medically indicated CT were recruited through the emergency department at Kapi'olani Medical Center (Honolulu, Hawaii). These children donated blood immediately before and 1 hour after their CT exam (1.57- 2.86 mSv). Blood was immediately processed after the second blood draw and lymphocytes were isolated and fixed. For a blind analysis, the samples were coded in duplicate and shipped to Columbia University, New York, where the lymphocytes were immunolabeled with an anti-human γH2AX monoclonal antibody. The average number of γH2AX foci per cell nucleus was determined for each of the duplicate samples. Results: The γH2AX assay showed that the fluorescent frequencies were dose dependently higher in all patients 1 hour after CT exposure as compared to before CT (p=0.046 by paired t-test). Conclusion: In this pilot study we observed a significant induction of γH2AX foci in lymphocytes after very low dose ionizing X-irradiation (1-3 mSv) in vivo in children one hour after CT. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4347. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4347
The effects of excluding patients from the analysis in randomised controlled trials: meta-epidemiological study
Authors: E. Nuesch, S. Trelle, S. Reichenbach, A. W S Rutjes, E. Burgi, M. Scherer, D. G Altman, P. Juni
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective</b> To examine whether excluding patients from the analysis of randomised trials are associated with biased estimates of treatment effects and higher heterogeneity between trials. <b>Design</b> Meta-epidemiological study based on a collection of meta-analyses of randomised trials. <b>Data sources</b> 14 meta-analyses including 167 trials that compared therapeutic interventions with placebo or non-intervention control in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee and used patient reported pain as an outcome. <b>Methods</b> Effect sizes were calculated from differences in means of pain intensity between groups at the end of follow-up, divided by the pooled standard deviation. Trials were combined by using random effects meta-analysis. Estimates of treatment effects were compared between trials with and trials without exclusions from the analysis, and the impact of restricting meta-analyses to trials without exclusions was assessed. <b>Results</b> 39 trials (23%) had included all patients in the analysis. In 128 trials (77%) some patients were excluded from the analysis. Effect sizes from trials with exclusions tended to be more beneficial than those from trials without exclusions (difference −0.13, 95% confidence interval −0.29 to 0.04). However, estimates of bias between individual meta-analyses varied considerably (τ<sup>2</sup>=0.07). Tests of interaction between exclusions from the analysis and estimates of treatment effects were positive in five meta-analyses. Stratified analyses indicated that differences in effect sizes between trials with and trials without exclusions were more pronounced in meta-analyses with high between trial heterogeneity, in meta-analyses with large estimated treatment benefits, and in meta-analyses of complementary medicine. Restriction of meta-analyses to trials without exclusions resulted in smaller estimated treatment benefits, larger P values, and considerable decreases in between trial heterogeneity. <b>Conclusion</b> Excluding patients from the analysis in randomised trials often results in biased estimates of treatment effects, but the extent and direction of bias is unpredictable. Results from intention to treat analyses should always be described in reports of randomised trials. In systematic reviews, the influence of exclusions from the analysis on estimated treatment effects should routinely be assessed.
Training in substance abuse is lacking for GPs
Authors: E. Martin
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—My practice looks after 45 patients who misuse opiates and amphetamines, for whom it has a prescribing programme.1 2 3 The local police drug squad has commented that the care given to these patients has decreased the availability of heroin on the streets of north Bedfordshire. Six months ago the practice looked after more than 60 patients, and the strain of this led to the breakdown of the health of one of the partners. None of us has any training in this aspect …
The utility of contrast echocardiographic techniques in the care of critically ill infants with cardiac and pulmonary disease.
Authors: D J Sahn, H D Allen, W George, M Mason, S J Goldberg
Journal: Circulation (1977)

In order to assess the utility of contrast M-mode echocardiography in an intensive care nursery population of critically ill newborns with cardiac and pulmonary disease and to validate contrast echo methods, we performed 200 serial contrast echoes on 40 infants via umbilical arterial or venous catheters which had been placed into these infants for clinical indications. The resulting contrast echoes recorded from the precordium or the suprasternal notch allowed the delineation of intra- and extracardiac right-to-left and left-to-right shunting patterns. Patterns identified and validated by cardiac catheterization (in cardiac patients) were: right-to-left atrial shunts, right-to-left ventricular shunts, and left-to-right patent ductus arteriosus shunts. The studies were without complication. Serial application of these echocardiographic techniques was extremely important in assessing changing physiology in these neonates. Contrast echocardiography adds physiologic flow information to the anatomical information available from M-mode echoes and is quite important in the diagnosis and sometimes in the management of critically ill newborns.
Effect of needle length on incidence of local reactions to routine immunisation in infants aged 4 months: randomised controlled trial
Authors: L. Diggle
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To compare rates of local reactions associated with two needle sizes used to administer routine immunisations to infants. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> Routine immunisation clinics in eight general practices in Buckinghamshire. <b>Participants:</b> Healthy infants attending for third primary immunisation due at 16 weeks of age: 119 infants were recruited, and 110 diary cards were analysed. <b>Interventions:</b> Immunisation with 25 gauge, 16 mm, orange hub needle or 23 gauge, 25 mm, blue hub needle. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Parental recordings of redness, swelling, and tenderness for three days after immunisation. <b>Results:</b> Rate of redness with the longer needle was initially two thirds the rate with the smaller needle (relative risk 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.99), P=0.04), and by the third day this had decreased to a seventh (relative risk 0.13 (0.03 to 0.56), P=0.0006). Rate of swelling with the longer needle was initially about a third that with the smaller needle (relative risk 0.39 (0.23 to 0.67), P=0.0002), and this difference remained for all three days. Rates of tenderness were also lower with the longer needle throughout follow up, but not significantly (relative risk 0.60 (0.29 to 1.25), P=0.17). <b>Conclusions:</b> Use of 25 mm needles significantly reduced rates of local reaction to routine infant immunisation. On average, for every five infants vaccinated, use of the longer needle instead of the shorter needle would prevent one infant from experiencing any local reaction. Vaccine manufacturers should review their policy of supplying the shorter needle in vaccine packs.