tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ulceration of the hand secondary to a radial arteriovenous fistula: a model for varicose ulceration.
Authors: M L Wood, G D Reilly, G T Smith
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A patient in whom a radial arteriovenous fistula was constructed in preparation for haemodialysis subsequently developed ulceration on the dorsum of the hand. The lesion failed to heal despite antibiotic treatment, and so the fistula was closed. The lesion healed within three weeks. Subsequent construction of a fistula at the right wrist was followed 12 months later by the development of similar ulceration of the right hand. This complication of arteriovenous fistulas is similar to varicose ulceration of the leg and provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of sustained venous hypertension on the skin.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Common, Severe and in Need of Treatment Research
Authors: Katharine A. Phillips
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

The appearance preoccupations trigger feelings of depression, anxiety, distress, shame, or other painful emotions. These emotions, in turn, trigger repetitive compulsive behaviors that are intended to alleviate the emotional distress [5] . As required by DSM-5 criterion B (which is new to DSM-5), all individuals with BDD perform excessive repetitive behaviors in response to the preoccupations with appearance at some time during the course of the disorder [1] . These repetitive behaviors have many similarities to OCD compulsions, and thus they are commonly referred to as compulsions or rituals. Common excessive behaviors include checking mirrors, excessive grooming, seeking reassurance about the perceived defects, skin picking (to try to minimize perceived blemishes), and tanning (e.g. to darken ‘pale’ skin) [3] . Some BDD compulsions consist of mental acts, such as comparing one’s own appearance with that of other people, rather than observable behaviors [3] . The repetitive behaviors are difficult to control and occur, on average, for 3–8 h a day [4, 5] . Nearly all patients camouflage the perceived defects (e.g. with a hat, makeup, hair, clothes, body position). Although camouflaging is a safety behavior, it can also be done repeatedly (e.g. reapplying makeup 20 times a day), in which case it may be considered a repetitive behavior [3] . Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is common yet very under-recognized. It has a point prevalence of about 2%, making it more common than obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anorexia nervosa or schizophrenia [1] . BDD typically causes tremendous suffering and substantial impairment in psychosocial functioning. The rates of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and completed suicide appear markedly high. Yet treatment research on BDD lags very far behind that of other common and severe disorders. Thus, the study by Veale et al. [2] is a major contribution to the literature and to patient care. Individuals with BDD (previously known as ‘dysmorphophobia’) are preoccupied with one or more perceived defects or flaws in their appearance; these defects, however, are not observable or appear only slight to others (DSM-5 criterion A) [1] . Preoccupations most often focus on skin (e.g. perceived acne, scarring, wrinkles, color), nose (e.g. size or asymmetry) and hair (e.g. too little hair) but may focus on any body area [3] . Patients typically describe the disliked body parts as ‘ugly’, ‘unattractive’, ‘hideous’, or even ‘monstrous’. The preoccupations occur, on average, for 3–8 h a day (usually for at least an hour a day). They are intrusive, unwanted, and usually difficult to resist and control [4, 5] . Received July 15, 2014 Accepted after revision: July 19, 2014 Published online: October 16, 2014
Autologous Fibrin for Blepharoplasty Incisions
Authors: Mark A. Mandel
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  Blepharoplasty is being performed with increasing frequency. A variety of materials and techniques, including absorbable skin sutures, removable nonabsorbable subcuticular pullout sutures, and cyanoacrylate adhesives, are being used to close these delicate incisions. The goal is to obtain the best-quality scar with the fewest complications (suture cysts and granulomas). The current report describes use of autologous fibrin glue for blepharoplasty closure.  Report of a Case.—  A healthy 29-year-old white woman had dermatochalasis. Blood replacement was necessary for her liposculpture procedure, and a single unit was deposited in the blood bank. Using a cryoprecipitate technique, the fibrinogen was isolated and preserved (Corus Laboratories, Costa Mesa, Calif). An upper and lower lid blepharoplasty was completed using only a few key sutures in the lateral aspect of the incisions. The solution of fibrinogen was mixed with an equal volume of bovine thrombin and delivered to the wound surface via
Comparative efficacy and safety of mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler and budesonide Turbuhaler<sup>®</sup>
Authors: L-G. Carlsson, S. Edsbäcker
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

To the Editor: 

Bousquet et al. 1 recently compared the efficacy and safety of mometasone furoate dry powder inhaler (MF DPI) and budesonide DPI (Turbuhaler®) for the treatment of moderate persistent asthma. They concluded that lower doses of MF DPI appeared to be more effective than a clinically recommended dose of budesonide DPI, while providing a comparable degree of safety.

For several reasons we do not agree with this conclusion. Experiences gained during the last decade have taught us that the greatest amount of care must be taken in the design of studies where the relative efficacy of inhaled steroids are to be investigated. Not least has it repeatedly been seen that the dose-response curves for these drugs on most antiasthma variables are very flat, which means that traditional dose-response studies are acceptable for comparisons of relative efficacy only if several doses are selected over a wide dose range 2 …
Testosterone Therapy and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Men
Authors: Anne R. Cappola
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The role of cell calcium in current approaches to toxicology.
Authors: J G Pounds
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

All cells contain elaborate systems for the spatial and temporal regulation of the calcium ion, [Ca2+]i, and diverse Ca2+ receptor and biochemical response systems that are regulated by these changes in [Ca2+]i. Toxicants that perturb the mobilization or homeostasis of [Ca2+]i will place the regulation of these processes outside the normal range of physiological control. Many classes of chemical toxicants, including metals, solvents, and pesticides, may have particular aspects of cell calcium as key cellular and molecular targets of toxicant action. However, experimental proof of these targets as a specific site of toxicant action is challenging and technically difficult as a result of the complexity and diversity of these processes. To fully establish and understand the target role of the calcium messenger system in toxicant action, it is necessary to distinguish between the effects of a toxicant on (a) the calcium mobilization and homeostatic processes, (b) the calcium-mediated processes, and (c) from those processes which co-regulate or counter-regulate these calcium-mediated processes. As our understanding of the calcium messenger system expands, these insights will be increasingly applied to understanding the mechanisms of action of toxic chemicals.
A variant alkaline phosphatase found in a case of gastric carcinoma with super bone scan.
Authors: F Kobayashi, T Ikeda, S Tozuka, O Noguchi, T Fukuma, S Sakamoto, F Marumo, T Komoda, Y Sakagishi, C Sato
Journal: Gut (1995)

A rare case of gastric carcinoma associated with increased serum variant alkaline phosphatase activities is presented. A 54 year old man had extremely high serum alkaline phosphatase activity (18,607 U/l) with normal calcium and phosphate concentrations. His bone scintigram showed abnormal findings, 9super bone scan9. He was diagnosed as having Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinoma with diffuse bone metastases by examinations of the upper gastrointestinal tract and iliac bone biopsy. The alkaline phosphatase isozyme of this patient was of the bone type as measured by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis and the placenta/bone type by agarose gel electrophoresis, respectively. Immunoelectrophoresis and the immunoprecipitation method using monoclonal antibodies against various alkaline phosphatase isozymes, however, showed that his serum alkaline phosphatase had the liver type antigenicity. Furthermore, it had a larger molecular size and different sugar chains compared with the common liver type alkaline phosphatase. These findings suggest that a unique variant alkaline phosphatase was produced by gastric cancer cells, which is possibly an explanation for the high serum alkaline phosphatase activities in this patient.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Guillermo E. Umpierrez, Kashif A. Latif, Mary Beth Murphy, Helen C. Lambeth, Frankie Stentz, Andrew Bush, Abbas E. Kitabchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—Cross-sectional studies have reported that the risk of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes is two- to threefold higher than in the general population. However, longitudinal studies to determine the natural history of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes are lacking. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We analyzed the incidence of thyroid dysfunction over time in a cohort of 58 patients (26 men and 32 women) enrolled in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in 1983 and prospectively followed for 18 years. Patients underwent measurement of thyroid function tests (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH], thyroxine, and triiodothyronine) every year and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies at 4-year intervals. RESULTS—A total of 18 patients had hypothyroidism, and 1 patient experienced transient hyperthyroidism. Two subjects developed hypothyroidism 7 and 18 years before the development of diabetes and were excluded from the analysis. The mean age of diagnosis was 19 ± 2 years for type 1 diabetes and 29 ± 3 years for hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was more common in female (41%) than in male (19%) subjects and in patients with positive TPO antibodies. Patients who were TPO positive were 17.91 times as likely to develop hypothyroidism as patients who were TPO negative (95% CI 3.89–82.54). There were no differences in BMI, lipid profile, and HbA1c between patients with and without thyroid dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS—This longitudinal study confirms the association between autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and type 1 diabetes. Our results indicate that all subjects with type 1 diabetes should undergo annual screening by serum TSH measurement to detect asymptomatic thyroid dysfunction, particularly those with positive TPO antibodies.
Ficoll-separated mononuclear cells from sepsis patients are contaminated with granulocytes
Authors: Erica L. T. van den Akker, Carla C. Baan, Bart van den Berg, Henk Russcher, Koen Joosten, Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega, Steven W. J. Lamberts, Jan W. Koper
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)
Operation Disaster — Boston
Authors: James E. C. Walker, John W. Raker, William F. Voboril
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE need for disaster preparedness, especially in a metropolitan community, is clear. A series of naturally occurring disasters — fires, explosions, windstorms and floods — have brought home forcibly the lesson that an unprepared populace can suffer unnecessarily when disaster strikes.1 2 3 4 5 Many agencies, governmental and private, have contributed to our increasing knowledge of disaster and its effects and have helped improve the nation's state of preparedness. The American Medical Association and the Joint Commission for Hospital Accreditation have collaborated to encourage hospitals to make individual plans for disaster management and to test these plans by drills.6 , 7 Under this stimulus the . . .
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Following an Air Disaster: A Prospective Study
Authors: Richard S. Epstein, Carol S. Fullerton, Robert J. Ursano
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in health care workers exposed to a disaster, in order to facilitate early case identification and prevention of subsequent morbidity.Following an air disaster, 355 military medical health care workers were studied over an 18-month follow-up period. Measures included assessment of peritraumatic reactions associated with the disaster, the frequency of other stressful events after the disaster, and standard PTSD rating scales at 6, 12, and 18 months.Multivariate logistic regression of data on health care workers who cared for victims of the air disaster showed that PTSD was more likely to develop in those who had not completed college, those who had worked with burn victims, those who had experienced more stressful life events in a period of approximately 6 months following the disaster, and those who experienced emotional numbness immediately after the disaster.Results suggest that lower levels of education, exposure to grotesque burn injuries, stressful life events following exposure, and feelings of numbness following exposure are useful predictors of subsequent development of PTSD.
Platelet and coagulation studies in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Authors: A. ANSTEY, K. MAYNE, M. WINTER, J. PETTE, F.M. POPE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Fifty-one patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome were investigated for abnormalities of platelets and coagulation. Thirty-eight were examined prospectively and 13 retrospectively. A bleeding history was taken from all patients; only four (8%) gave no history of a bruising or bleeding tendency. Nine patients (18%) had significant haemostatic abnormalities of whom four (8%) had a platelet release defect, three (6%) had a factor XI deficiency and two (4%) had a factor XIII deficiency. Additionally 16 patients (31%) had mild abnormalities of uncertain significance of whom four (8%) had prolonged bleeding times (three in association with platelet aggregation abnormalities), 13 (26%) had platelet aggregation abnormalities and two had a positive Hess test. Twenty-four patients (47%) had normal tests for haemostasis of whom 20 (39%) had a bleeding diathesis and four (8%) had no such tendency. Results were analysed according to the type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, but there was no pattern to the abnormalities. The high frequency of a bleeding tendency in Ehlers-Danlos patients with normal tests for haemostasis (83%) supports the conventional explanation for this clinical feature, that defects in the structural integrity of skin and blood vessels lead to easy bruising.
Ion Homeostasis in Cisternal and Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Fred Plum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

The brain is protected from the outside by the skull and its meninges and from the inside by a blood–brain barrier that selectively transfers, exchanges, and excludes materials from the rest of the body. In part because of these protections, the brain has the narrowest extracellular-fluid homeostasis of any of the major organs. Indeed, a large part of human vegetative and behavioral function directs itself at preserving this narrow homeostasis.Cerebrospinal fluid comprises the bulk extension of the extracellular fluid of the central nervous system.1 This "inner sea" takes part of its origin by secretion from the choroid plexus and . . .
Television in Psychotherapy
Authors: E. R. Sethna, C. D. Neal
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Subsequently we learned that this patient had had her fortune told at the age of 5 years, when she was informed that she would die when she was 43 years old.She had told her daughter for many years that she would die at this age.Her forty-third birthday was one week before operation.On the evening before operation she told her sister, who alone knew of the prophecy, that she did not expect to awake from the anaesthetic, and on the morning of operation the patient told a nurse she was sure she was going to die.These fears were not known to us at the time of operation.We would be grateful to hear from any reader who has had experience of a patient dying under similar circumstances.We wonder if the severe emotional tensions of this patient superimposed on the physiological stress of surgery had any bearing upon her death.-Weare, etc.,
Examination of the estrogenicity of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its hydroxylated metabolite 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and a further chlorinated derivative, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155).
Authors: M R Fielden, I Chen, B Chittim, S H Safe, T R Zacharewski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Several studies have reported that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exhibit estrogenic activity; however, it is not clear if these responses are associated with the polychlorinated hydrocarbon or its hydroxylated metabolite. In order to further test this hypothesis, a battery of in vitro and in vivo assays were used to investigate the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities of 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 104), its para-hydroxylated derivative 2,4,6,2',6'-pentachloro-4-biphenylol (HO-PCB 104), and its para-chlorinated derivative 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 155). PCB 104 was found to 1) compete with tritiated 17beta-estradiol (E2) for binding to the mouse uterine estrogen receptor (ER); 2) induce gene expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells transiently transfected with the Gal4-human ER chimeric construct (Gal4-HEGO) and the Gal4-regulated luciferase reporter gene (17m5-G-Luc); and 3) increase MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. HO-PCB 104 exhibited greater estrogenic activity than PCB 104 in the in vitro assays examined. However, gas chromatographic-mass spectrophotometric analysis of extracts prepared from MCF-7 cells incubated with PCB 104 failed to detect the presence of the expected major metabolite HO-PCB 104. The estrogenic activity of the para-chlorinated derivative, PCB 155, was minimal compared to PCB 104 and HO-PCB 104, but it did exhibit significant antiestrogenic activity following co-treatment with 1 nM E2. Co-treatment of PCB 104 with 1 nM E2 had no effect on reporter gene expression compared to E2 alone, while 10 microM HO-PCB 104 exhibited additivity with 1 nM E2. At a dose of 202 mg/kg,PCB 104 increased uterine wet weight in ovariectomized CD-1 mice and induced vaginal epithelial cell cornification at 202, 16, and 1.7 mg/kg in a dose-dependent manner. These studies demonstrate that in addition to the hydroxylated metabolites, selected parent PCB congeners may also exhibit estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities.
Vasodilators in Heart Failure
Authors: RENEE PLAWNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and CorrectionsJune 1, 1975Vasodilators in Heart FailureRENEE PLAWNERRENEE PLAWNERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-6-857_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with great interest the paper by Cohn and associates (Ann Intern Med81:777-780, 1974) on the use of vasodilator therapy in intractable left ventricular failure. I wish to corroborate their findings with an account of one of our cases.A 52-year-old white man had had scarlet fever at age 18. In May 1973, he was found to have congestive heart failure secondary to papillary muscle dysfunction; he was treated, and his failure was controlled with digoxin and furosemide. In November 1974, the patient noted onset of dyspnea on exertion and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, which gradually...Reference1. NEEDLEMANLANGJOHNSON PSE: Organic nitrates: relationship between biotransformation and rational angina pectoris therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 181:489-497, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics June 1, 1975Volume 82, Issue 6Page: 857-857KeywordsAnginaDyspneaHeart failureNitratesPapillary musclesScarlet fever Issue Published: June 1, 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Local ethics committees and specialised research
Authors: Dania Qatarneh, Shahram Kashani
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—In the mid-1960s a report by the Royal College of Physicians proposed setting up committees to consider the ethics of clinical research studies.1 Although most doctors find the process of applying for research ethics approval taxing,2 and its processing even more overwhelming,3 they would also agree that independent assessment of a research project is an essential part of performing research.

Local research ethics committees have …
Comparative Blood Levels of Hetacillin, Ampicillin and Penicillin G
Authors: Salud B. Tuano, Lee D. Johnson, Jean L. Brodie, William M. M. Kirby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

AMPICILLIN is a penicillin with a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Against enterococci ampicillin has been found to be roughly equal in activity (minimal inhibitory concentrations) to penicillin G, but its bactericidal action appears to be greater.1 , 2 Ampicillin in high doses has also been shown to provide optimal single-drug therapy for meningitis caused by pneumococci, meningococci and influenza bacilli.3 Large doses of penicillin G given intravenously are needed to attain effective serum concentrations for meningitis and enterococcal endocarditis, but comparative blood-level studies with ampicillin, which has different pharmacologic properties, have not been reported. Ampicillin is known . . .
Bill to ban tobacco advertising in UK heard in Lords
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A private member's bill that would ban tobacco advertising and sponsorship has had its first reading in the House of Lords.

The bill, introduced by Lord Clement-Jones, Liberal Democrat health spokesman, is expected to get its second reading in October and could be in the House of Commons by January.

The Tobacco Advertising and Sponsorship Bill is identical to the government's own proposals originally …