tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mutations in origin recognition complex gene ORC4 cause Meier-Gorlin syndrome
Authors: Duane L Guernsey, Makoto Matsuoka, Haiyan Jiang, Susan Evans, Christine Macgillivray, Mathew Nightingale, Scott Perry, Meghan Ferguson, Marissa LeBlanc, Jean Paquette, Lysanne Patry, Andrea L Rideout, Aidan Thomas, Andrew Orr, Chris R McMaster, Jacques L Michaud, Cheri Deal, Sylvie Langlois, Duane W Superneau, Sandhya Parkash, Mark Ludman, David L Skidmore, Mark E Samuels
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Universal Definition of Loss to Follow-Up in HIV Treatment Programs: A Statistical Analysis of 111 Facilities in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
Authors: Benjamin H. Chi, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Andrew O. Westfall, Jamie E. Newman, Jialun Zhou, Carina Cesar, Martin W. G. Brinkhof, Albert Mwango, Eric Balestre, Gabriela Carriquiry, Thira Sirisanthana, Henri Mukumbi, Jeffrey N. Martin, Anna Grimsrud, Melanie Bacon, Rodolphe Thiebaut
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Based on a statistical analysis of 111 facilities in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, Benjamin Chi and colleagues develop a standard loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) definition that can be used by HIV antiretroviral programs worldwide.
Disaster in Pedagogy
Authors: R. A. Lyman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

IF one is critical of anything, one is inclined to be critical of one's own calling. This is as true among the professions as it is among the vocations. Those in the academic profession are in a particularly favorable position. They can always be secure in the knowledge that those outside the teaching field will always rise up to amplify to the very skies any self-criticism that may arise within the profession. Perhaps nothing has been so roundly criticized as education, and nothing is more deserving of it, for it is a field in which some truly fearful mistakes have . . .
Case 34-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Samuel O. Thier, Robert B. Colvin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 42-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of an inguinal ulcer.He was well until four months earlier, when a "pimple" appeared in the right groin and evolved into a draining ulcer. Nine weeks before admission frontal and retro-orbital headaches developed. One week later fever occurred, with drenching sweats.Seven weeks before entry he was admitted to another hospital, where examination revealed an ulcer, 5 cm in diameter and 2 cm in depth, in the right groin that drained foul-smelling purulent material; tender regional lymph nodes were palpated. Microscopical examination of stained specimens of the . . .
A 50-Year-Old Man With Hepatitis C and Cirrhosis Needing Liver Transplantation
Authors: Douglas W. Hanto
Journal: JAMA (2003)

DR SHIP: Mr G is a 50-year-old man who has had liver disease for about 12 years. He lives near Boston with his wife and children and is a partner in a small industrial firm. He has managed care insurance. During a routine life insurance evaluation in 1991, Mr G was found to have abnormal liver function test results and was diagnosed with non-A, non-B hepatitis. Liver biopsy showed mild periportal inflammation. In 1995, he was found to have antibodies to hepatitis C. He was treated with interferon and ribavirin but did not improve. A liver biopsy in 2001 revealed grade II to III inflammation, stage IV fibrosis. He was subsequently treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin and again did not improve. In 2001, he developed transient ascites and encephalopathy, with unsteady gait and forgetfulness. In 2002, Mr G bled from esophageal varices and underwent a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, requiring revision 1 week later. Since that time, he has been on the liver transplant waiting list. Currently, Mr G feels relatively well. Fatigue and abdominal swelling have abated, and his occasional symptoms are mitigated by medication. He describes mental deterioration as his most significant symptom. He has great difficulty focusing and concentrating, makes errors, and forgets things easily. Because of this and fatigue, he has been placed on disability recently and goes to work only intermittently. He finds it difficult to exercise. Mr G has mild hypertension and a distant 7 pack-year smoking history. He has not drunk alcohol since 1995. His medications include vitamin E (400 IU twice daily), calcium (500 mg twice daily), lactulose (30 mg as needed), nadolol (20 mg/d), ursodeoxycholic acid (600 mg twice daily), vitamin D (50000 units once weekly), spironolactone (25 mg/d), clotrimazole (5 times a day), and zaleplon (as needed). He has been vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, pneumococcus, and influenza. He follows a 1.5-L fluid restriction daily and a no-salt-added diet. On examination, Mr G appears well, anicteric, and is alert and oriented, with normal vital signs and no asterixis. His liver edge is palpable 2 finger breadths below the costal margin. There is no palpable splenomegaly and no ascites detectable clinically. His skin shows a few spider angiomata and mild palmar erythema. Laboratory test results reveal that he is mildly anemic and has a normal platelet count. His serum electrolyte and creatinine levels are normal; other laboratory values are as follows: serum urea nitrogen, 67 mg/dL (23.9 mmol/L); international normalized ratio, 1.5; aspartate aminotransferase, 131 U/L; alanine aminotransferase, 82 U/L; alkaline phosphatase, 209 U/L; total bilirubin, 5.4 mg/dL (92.3 μmol/L); albumin, 2.7 g/dL; and -fetoprotein, 9.9 ng/mL. Mr G’s model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score is 18.
The genomic rate of transposable element movement in Drosophila melanogaster.
Authors: S. V. Nuzhdin, T. F. Mackay
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

A large fraction of eukaryotic DNA is composed of transposable elements (TEs) (Berg and Howe 1989) that can cause mutations when they transpose to novel sites (Mackay et al. 1992). The relative contribution of TE-induced mutations to the total genomic mutation rate depends on the rate of transposition and excision per genome per generation averaged over all TE families. Experiments in which transpositions and excisions have been observed directly in independent replicates of inbred lines of Drosophila melunogaster yield estimates of the total transposition rate per haploid genome per generation of 0.5 (Eggleston et al. 1988) 0.3 (Harada et al. 1990), and 0.6 (Nuzhdin and Mackay 1994); and for the total excision rate of 0.04 (Eggleston et al. 1988), 0.003 (Harada et al. 1990) and 0.006 (Nuzhdin and Mackay 1994). These estimates have very high standard errors because very few transpositions and excisions were detected (Eggleston et al. 1988) or because only a small sample of element families was examined (Harada et al. 1990; Nuzhdin and Mackay 1994). Our previous estimate of the total rate of transposition and excision of D. melunogaster TEs was based on cytological insertion sites of 5 retrotransposon TE families (Dot, copia, roo, 297, and w2dg3) in 3 I replicate lines derived from an initially highly inbred strain (Harwith) that had accumulated mutations for approximately 170 generations (Nuzhdin and Mackay 1994). To obtain a more precise estimate based on a larger proportion of TE families, we have determined insertion sites of 12 additional TEs (1731, mdgl, 412, gypsy, hobo, FB4, 2156, 2158, 2161, 2217, 2244, and I) in a sample of 10 Harwich mutation accumulation lines that had undergone approximately 10 further generations of mutation accumulation since the first study. The average number of generations of mutation accumulation for these 10 lines was 175. TE insertion sites were determined by in
Molecular distribution of hetastarch in plasma and lung lymph of unanesthetized sheep.
Authors: V A Korent, R L Conhaim, A M McGrath, D A DeAngeles, B A Harms
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We used high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) to measure concentrations and molecular masses of hetastarch (Het) in plasma and lung lymph of unanesthetized sheep. Our goal was to assess the osmotic effectiveness of Het in the pulmonary circulation as judged by its exclusion from lung lymph. Sheep (n = 5) received 35 ml/kg of Het (6%) over 90 min. At the end of the infusion, Het concentrations in plasma reached a peak value of 2.9 +/- 0.1% (mean +/- SD). Lymph concentrations reached a peak value of 1.3 +/- 0.3% at 4.5 h. Het molecular masses in plasma averaged 650 +/- 36 kD at 90 min, but ranged from 31 to 2,942 +/- 187 kD. Masses in lung lymph averaged 373 +/- 71 kD, and ranged from 19 +/- 2 to 1,693 +/- 514 kD (p < or = 0.05 vs. plasma). Het contributed 6.7 +/- 1.5 mm Hg to the plasma macromolecular osmotic pressure, and 3.7 +/- 1.8 mm Hg to the lymph osmotic pressure. Despite the fact that Het has the largest molecular mass of any of the current macromolecular plasma volume expanders, we found that it filtered readily into lymph, raising the lymph osmotic pressure. These findings suggest that the rationale for the osmotic performance of such solutions may need to be reconsidered.
Subsequent Pregnancies among 161 Couples Treated for T-Mycoplasma Genital-Tract Infection
Authors: Attila Toth, Martin L. Lesser, Constance Brooks, Dominic Labriola
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The role of T mycoplasma (Ureaplasma urealyticum) in reproductive failure is controversial. Since mycoplasma was first isolated from a genital-tract abscess,1 an association between mycoplasma and various genital-tract conditions, reproductive failure, and relative or absolute infertility has been suggested. Several investigators have shown that the relative frequency of T-mycoplasma colonization in the genital tract depends on the sexual experiences of the subject2 , 3 and that infertile couples tend to have higher colonization rates.4 Several claims were made previously that by eradicating the organism, doxycycline improved fertility and resulted in higher pregnancy rates in a group of couples with unexplained . . .
UK government denies that smallpox vaccination plans have fallen short of target
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Department of Health and the Ministry of Defence have rejected suggestions that Britain's plans to vaccinate selected emergency workers against smallpox have fallen short of their targets because of adverse reactions to the vaccine.

The Sunday Times reported last weekend that Nigel Lightfoot, head of the Health Protection Agency's emergency response team, told a Geneva conference on bioterrorism that he had been among those who experienced side effects, including headache and fever. Dr Lightfoot told the meeting that 263 NHS staff had been vaccinated—out of a government target of 350—but the agency said that his …
Repeat coronary angioplasty: Efficacy of a third angioplasty for a second restenosis
Authors: Paul S. Teirstein, Craig A. Hoover, Robert W. Ligon, Lee V. Giorgi, Barry D. Rutherford, David R. McConahay, Warren L. Johnson, Geoffrey O. Hartzler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)
History, prejudice, and the study of social inequities
Authors: Jules P. Harrell, Edna Greene Medford
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Integrating a historical perspective into studies of prejudicial attitudes facilitates the interpretation of paradoxical findings of the kind cited in the target article. History also encourages research to move beyond the study of prejudice and to consider institutional and structural forces that maintain social inequities. Multilevel approaches can study these factors in both field and laboratory studies.
Review: CT screening for lung cancer reduced mortality in 1 large trial but not in 2 smaller trials
Authors: Alfred I. Neugut, Melissa K. Accordino
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

ACP Journal Club18 September 2012Review: CT screening for lung cancer reduced mortality in 1 large trial but not in 2 smaller trialsAlfred I. Neugut, MD, PhD, Melissa K. Accordino, MDAlfred I. Neugut, MD, PhDColumbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA (A.I.N., M.K.A.)Search for more papers by this author, Melissa K. Accordino, MDColumbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA (A.I.N., M.K.A.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-6-201209180-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationBach PB, Mirkin JN, Oliver TK, et al. Benefits and harms of CT screening for lung cancer: A systematic review. JAMA. 2012;307:2418-29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22610500Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Oncology: Pulmonology: Reference1 Mandelblatt JS, Cronin KA, Bailey S, et al; Breast Cancer Working Group of the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network. Effects of mammography screening under different screening schedules: model estimated of potential benefits and harms. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:738-47. [PMID: 19920274]. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA (A.I.N., M.K.A.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 September 2012. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRadiation Risks in Lung Cancer Screening Programs 18 September 2012Volume 157, Issue 6Page: JC3-6KeywordsBiopsyCancer screeningComputed axial tomographyDiagnostic radiologyLung and intrathoracic tumorsRisk managementThorax ePublished: 18 September 2012 Issue Published: 18 September 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE RELATIONSHIP OF PULMONARY COMPLIANCE TO PULMONARY VASCULAR PRESSURES IN PATIENTS WITH HEART DISEASE 1
Authors: George A. Saxton, Murray Rabinowitz, Lewis Dexter, Florence Haynes, Constance Walker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1956)

that the distensibility of the lungs, designated pulmonary compliance, is consistently reduced in the presence of cardiac dyspnea. Furthermore, this reduction of pulmonary compliance has been shown to be associated with increased work of breathing in the presence of mitral stenosis (10). This fac
997. Immune-Mediated Loss of Transgene Expression in Mouse Liver Following Transposon Delivery
Authors: Elena L. Aronnovich, Jason B. Bell, Roland Gunther, Brenda Koniar, Aric Frantz, Ilze Matise, R. Scott McIvor, Chester B. Whitley, Perry B. Hackett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

An advantage of plasmid-based vector systems for gene therapy over virus-based is their low immunogenicity. The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system, which has the ability to integrate genes into human chromosomes, is a candidate for gene therapy of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), genetic disorders of lysosomal metabolism that require sustained expression of the therapeutic transgene. However, our attempts to achieve long-term expression of human alpha -L- iduronidase (hIDUA) or beta-glucuronidase (hGUSB) without immune suppression resulted in almost complete loss of transgene expression and maintenance by 4 weeks postinjection in both MPS and wild type (WT ) mice. In cyclophosphamide-immune-suppressed MPS I mice, the initial supranormal, 1-day plasma activity levels dropped approximately 150-fold by 2 weeks, but then persisted at detectable levels in some mice (see abstract by Aronovich et al). This suggested that cells that expressed the human therapeutic gene induced immune response and were cleared from the liver of some treated mice. The purpose of this study was to analyze contribution of cell- mediated immune response to the clearance of liver cells expressing foreign transgenes. We used high-pressure (hydrodynamic), tail-vein injection to deliver the transposon vectors pT2/mCAGGS-(hIDUA/hGUSB/Luc)//Ub-SB11 to the liver of WT C57Bl/6 mice. The efficiency of injection was evaluated 24 hr postinjection for transgene expression by either enzyme assay for IDUA or GUSB in plasma or in vivo imaging of luciferase (Luc). Mice were euthanized at 7, 10, 14, 17, 21 and 28 days and livers were extracted. Adjacent 5-μm sections from each liver were analyzed for transgene expression (histochemical staining for GUSB), for the presence of cellular infiltrates (H&E staining), and for the presence of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes (immunohistochemical staining). In addition, the maintenance of the hIDUA, hGUSB and Luc transgene, as well as persistence of the transposon plasmid, were determined by PCR. Our results show the temporal relationship between expression of the therapeutic transgene and induction of immune response in the livers of transgene-treated mice. P.B. Hackett and R.S. McIvor have financial interest in Discovery Genomics, Inc.
PHTHISIS AND HOUSE INFECTION
Authors: J. R. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1903)

affecting chiefly the serous membranes and the lungs, a con- dition which rarely accompanies phthisis pulmonalis.Bones and Joints.For the same reasons it is possible that the numerous joint and bone lesions so frequently seen in children and so rarely in adults are due to bovine infection.The general mode of death from long-continued suppuration of tuberculous joints aund carious spines is sheer exhaustion and waxy disease of the viscera, rarely tuberculosis of the lungs.Tuberculous Meningitis.It is often difficult to explain the onset in a previously healthy child of tuberculous meningitis.Sometimes it is confined to the brain, at others it is part of a general infec- tion.Perhapsit is a bovine tuberculosis, as I have seen several necropsies on such cases where there has been no other discoverable evidence of tubercle in the body.We have all seen cases of tuberculous peritonitis completely recover after opening and draining the abdomen and nothing more.So far no satisfactory explanation of this result has been given.My own opinion is that it is a localized bovine tuberculosis which has died out, and that relief of the fluid is eufficient to cure the patient.Post-nasal Adenoids.Again, it is inexplicable why perfectly healthy children of hqealthy parents should be so frequently affected with chronic enlargement of the tonsils and with adenoids.It is quite conceivable that tuberculous milk should be absorbed from the fauces and pharynx, producing enlarged tonsils, adenoids, and extending even into the middle ear, causing tuberculous -otitis media.There is much evidence also to suggest that acute miliary tuberculosis, especially that of the typhoid form, is in reality a bovine tuberculosis produced by food ingestion.I have only suggested bovine tuberculosis as the pathology dO the latter affections.I have no proof to offer, but hope that other workers will direct their eflorts to prove or disprove my opinion.Suggestion.Clinical appearances would suggest that there is a distinct difference between the tuberculous manifestations in child- hood and adult life, and that they are antagonistic to each other.We know that animals are practically immune against human tuberculosis or phthisis, but not to tabes mesenterica and abdominal tuberculosis.Since the two diseases cannot exist together in cattle, may it not be that they cannot exist together in man? and that the serum of a cow affected with tuberculosis might have a curative effect in a case of pulmonary phthisis exactly on the same lines as small-pox and cow-pox ?Who knows!Remedy.
Use of Corticoid in the Management of Severe Generalized Myasthenia Gravis and Comparison with Corticotropin.
Authors: N. G. Brunner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Use of Corticoid in the Management of Severe Generalized Myasthenia Gravis and Comparison with Corticotropin.N. G. Brunner, M.D., (Member), T. Namba, M.D., D. Grob, M.D., F.A.C.P.N. G. Brunner, M.D., (Member)Search for more papers by this author, T. Namba, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, D. Grob, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-838_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe effect of short, intensive courses of methylprednisolone (60 mg, intramuscularly, daily for 10 days) or corticotrophin (100 units, intravenously, daily for 10 days) was studied in 11 patients with severe generalized myasthenia gravis. A decrease in strength and response to anticholinesterase medication occurred during 30 (71%) of 42 courses of methylprednisolone and during 26 (93%) of 28 courses of corticotrophin. After cessation of each course of hormone, marked improvement in strength and response to anticholinesterase medication above the initial level occurred after 23 (55%) courses of methylprednisolone for an average of 78 days and after 16 (57%) courses of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 838-838KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneHormonesMyasthenia gravis Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...