tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Flow-independent nitric oxide parameters in infants with and without recurrent wheeze
Authors: S. W. Turner, P. J. Franklin, R. C. Mutch, S. M. Stick
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

To the Editors: 

Flow-independent nitric oxide parameters (FIPs) have given an insight into airway physiology and pathology in adults and children 1. Measurements of fractional exhaled nitric oxide ( F eNO) are sensitive to respiratory symptoms and environmental exposures in infants 2, 3; therefore, it would be reasonable to hypothesise that FIPs could extend current understanding about airway pathology in early life. Measurements of F eNO at different expiratory flows are needed to estimate FIPs and, given the challenge in measuring F eNO in infants, it is not surprising that the FIP literature in infants is limited to a single study of five healthy individuals 4. We measured F eNO at 11 and 40 mL·s−1 in 14 infants with and without recurrent wheeze as part of a larger methodological study 5. We have reanalysed our data, derived FIPs, and present our results herein.

The present study population included 14 …
Post-transfusion Hepatitis: Current Perspectives
Authors: Richard D. Aach, Richard A. Kahn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Viral hepatitis is still the most serious post-transfusion complication. Despite the routine screening of donor blood for the hepatitis type B surface antigen in the United States, post-transfusion hepatitis develops in approximately 7% of blood recipients. Type B hepatitis accounts for only 10% to 15% of cases; non-A, non-B hepatitis constitutes the remainder. Non-A, non-B hepatitis is usually asymptomatic and anicteric but often runs a prolonged course manifested by persistent or intermittent elevations of alanine aminotransferase levels. The risk of developing non-A, non-B hepatitis is increased considerably when blood from paid rather than volunteer donors is transfused. Although there are currently no definitive preventive measures that can be used to reduce the attack rate, the possibility of developing a serologic test for the non-A, non-B agent is under active investigation.
Abstract 2128: The effects of Quercetin on prostate cancer
Authors: Ashley B. Ward, Pranav Gupta, Gurpreet Kaur, Hina Mir, James W. Lillard, Shailesh Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) affects nearly 80% of men worldwide and is the second leading killer after lung cancer. The efficacy of current treatments offered in the clinics is highly compromised due to indolent nature of PCa, which provides large window of opportunity for prevention. Hence, the major focus of this study is to determine the chemo-preventive effects of Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, on prostate cancer. Effect of Quercetin on cell viability and IC50 was determined by MTT assay. The effect of Quercetin on cell motility was determined by wound healing assay. Potential role of Quercetin on cell cycle, apoptosis as well as genes involved in cell motility and invasion was determined using flow cytometry, Real-time qPCR and ELISA. Furthermore, Quercetin induced changes in signaling molecules involved in cell survival/apoptosis, cell cycle and cytoskeletal rearrangement was determined using antibody microarray. Prostate cancer cells treated with Quercetin showed dose and time dependent inhibition of proliferation/viability, and induction of apoptosis as compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells and untreated controls. Prostate cancer cell motility was inhibited in Quercetin treated cells. Prostate cancer cells were arrested in G2 phase of the cell cycle following Quercetin treatment. In addition to these, we found differential expression of caspases, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of MMPs in different PCa cell lines compared to untreated controls. Furthermore, antibody microarray analysis demonstrated selective modulation of genes and associated signaling cascades responsible for apoptosis induction, cellular motility, adhesion and invasion in Quercetin treated cells compared to controls. These findings suggest Quercetin as a potent chemo-preventive agent. In addition to this it can be also used with chemotherapeutic agents directed to G2 phase of the cell cycle, which may improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutics offered in clinics to treat advance prostate cancer. Citation Format: Ashley B. Ward, Pranav Gupta, Gurpreet Kaur, Hina Mir, James W. Lillard, Shailesh Singh. The effects of Quercetin on prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2128. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2128
A Hepatobiliary Study with Tc-99m N-Pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan (PMT) in a Patient with Hepatoblastoma
Authors: KIYOSHI OHSHIRO, YOSHIMASA HANASHIRO, KUNISADA SHIMABUKURO, AKIRA HORI, YOSHIHIKO NAGATA, HIROTSUGU MATSUMOTO, HISATAKA UCHIMA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A patient with hepatoblastoma in whom a hepatobiliary study with Tc-99m PMT demonstrated homogeneous uptake in the tumor is presented. Sonography showed a large solid mass pedunculated from the right hepatic lobe with a "tumor-in-tumor" pattern. It was hypodense relative to normal hepatic parenchyma on CT scanning without contrast material and turned isodense with contrast material. This represented its hypervascularity, which was confirmed by selective celiac arteriography.
STUDIES ON VASOMOTOR TONE. I. THE EFFECT OF THE TETRA-ETHYLAMMONIUM ION ON THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD FLOW OF NORMAL SUBJECTS 12
Authors: Sibley W. Hoobler, S. Donald Malton, H. Thomas Ballantine, Saul Cohen, Rosalie B. Neligh, M. M. Peet, Richard H. Lyons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)
Factors in mortality from coronary and cerebral thrombosis in winter
Authors: J. Pemberton
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The reduced costs for metronidazole accounted for only 15%, of this saving.It is more difficult to tell how the quality of care has been affected, but there has been no detectable reduction.There has been an increased workload both in outpatient prescribing and in inpatient admissions in the past year, the increase in admissions being associated with a change in the emergency admissions policy.An increase in drug costs might well have been expected.It could be claimed that overall quality of care has improved in certain aspects, in that at a time of financial stringency our saving on standard drugs has allowed us to introduce new valuable but expensive treatments such as acyclovir, cisretinoic acid, and atracurium with only minimal overspending on the drug budget.We trust these trends will continue.
PWE-238 Immunisation practices in patients with IBD—a wake up call
Authors: R Muhammad, C L Y Wong, J K Limdi
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with inflammatory bowel disease on immunosuppressant therapy may have an increased risk of opportunistic infections. We reviewed our practice in 150 consecutive patients attending our IBD clinics to see if our practice was in line with recommendations by the European Crohn9s and Colitis Organisation and the American College of Gastroenterology. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients were considered immunosuppressed if they were on doses of prednisolone &gt;20 mg/day or equivalent for 2 weeks or more, ongoing treatment with effective doses of 6-MP/Azathioprine, Methotrexate, Infliximab and Adalimumab or had these agents discontinued within 3 months. Data were collected from electronic records, clinical case notes and pathology results database review. Up to date and childhood immunisations including previous history of Varicella and Zoster infections was obtained from the primary care physicians. <h3>Results</h3> 150 IBD patients (Crohn9s disease n=80, Ulcerative colitis n=70) were included; 79 were female. The median age was 51 and median disease follow-up was 23 years. 29 patients (19.3%) were not on any treatment at the time of the audit, 19 (65.5%) out of these 29 patients had therapy with glucocorticoid, thiopurine or biologics previously. 52 patients (34.7%) were on a 5 ASA and 71 patients (47.3%) were on effective immunosuppression as defined above. These included 26 patients on thiopurines (36.6%), 3 on Methotrexate (4.2%), 13 on Infliximab (18.3%), 12 on thiopurines + Infliximab (16.9%), 1 on Methotrexate + Infliximab (1.41%), four patients on Adalimumab (5.6%), 3 on Adalimumab + thiopurines (4.2%), 7 on glucocorticoids alone (9.9%) and 2 on Infliximab + Prednisolone (2.8%). Immunisation history was taken in 29 out of the 150 patients (19.3%). Among the patients on immunosuppressive therapy 29 (40.8%) had chest radiographs performed, 16 (22.5%) were tested for Hepatitis B, 16 (22.5%) for Hepatitis C, 5 (7.0%) for HIV and 4 (5.6%) were tested for varicella titres. Cervical smears were performed in 14 (19.7%) out of 25 women above the age of 25. Of the 71 patients on immunosuppressants, 31 (43.7%) had no screening tests. Immunisation was carried out for influenza in 42 patients (59.1%), 30 (42.3%) for tetanus, 25 (35.2%) for diphtheria, 12 (16.9%) for pneumococcus, 7 (9.9%) for meningococcus, 5 (7.0%) for Hepatitis B, 4 (5.6%) HPV and 11 (15.5%) for MMR. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our current practice was not in line with recent recommendations and probably reflective of experience at other centres. IBD physicians must work in collaboration with primary care providers to ensure appropriate screening and vaccination in this vulnerable group. We have taken appropriate steps to ensure prompt screening of patients through a newly designed proforma. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Serum ferritin assay and iron status in chronic renal failure and haemodialysis.
Authors: S Hussein, J Prieto, M O'Shea, A V Hoffbrand, R A Baillod, J F Moorhead
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Forty-four patients with chronic renal failure on haemodialysis for four months to eight years were studied. All recieved intravenous iron dextran 100 mg on alternate weeks. Serum ferritin concentrations correlated well with body iron stores estimated by grading the bone marrow stainable iron. Altogether 34 patients showed increased bone marrow iron stores and serum ferritin concentrations greater than controls; four patients showed absence of iron in the marrow, and three of these had subnormal serum ferritin concentrations. Serum ferritin assay represents the best method of repeatedly monitoring the exact amount of iron therapy needed by patients with chronic renal failure, particularly those on regular haemodialysis.
TCT-677 Use Of Troponin To Diagnose Peri-procedural Myocardial Infarction: Effect On Composite Endpoints In The British Bifurcation Coronary Study (BBC ONE)
Authors: James Cockburn, Miles Behan, Nick Curzen, Adam de Belder, David Hildick-Smith, Keith Oldroyd, Rodney Stables
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Doctor's licence suspended after he admitted removing ova without consent
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2007)

One of Israel's leading fertility experts and a former chief of gynaecology at one of its largest public hospitals will lose his medical licence for two and a half years after admitting that he removed hundreds of ova from private patients at the Herzliya Medical Centre without permission and without registering the procedures in their medical records.

Zion Ben-Raphael, formerly a department head of the Rabin Medical Centre-Beilinson Campus, will be punished following a ruling by retired Jerusalem District Court president Judge Vardi Zeiler, who is responsible for deciding cases after medical personnel appear …
Weight and Mortality in Adults With Diabetes—Reply
Authors: Mercedes R. Carnethon, Sherita H. Golden, Peter John D. De Chavez
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Individual drug firms should stop paying for medical education
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2009)

All educational links between individual drug companies and the medical profession should cease, says a report from the Royal College of Physicians. Gifts to doctors and medical students, including food and travel, should also stop “in the spirit of a more balanced and mutually respectful partnership,” it says.

The report, which has been produced by a specially convened multisector working party, has examined the relationships between doctors, patients, the NHS, and the industry. Its aim is “to rewrite the contract between patient care and industry in the UK in order to improve national health outcomes,” said Richard Horton, editor of the Lancet , who chaired the working party and was author of the report.

The report says that patients have lost confidence in the prescribing process because of unequal access to drugs in the United Kingdom and the withholding of information about innovative drugs that could be available to them.

And patient care is unlikely to improve in the future unless the drug industry and the medical profession can find a way to resolve the tensions between them.

Trust between the NHS and the industry has broken …
Socioeconomic Disparities in Mortality After Cancer Surgery
Authors: Bradley N. Reames, Nancy J. O. Birkmeyer, Justin B. Dimick, Amir A. Ghaferi
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Disparities in operative mortality due to socioeconomic status (SES) have been consistently demonstrated, but the mechanisms underlying this disparity are not well understood.To determine whether variations in failure to rescue (FTR) contribute to socioeconomic disparities in mortality after major cancer surgery.We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File and the Medicare Denominator File. A summary measure of SES was created for each zip code using 2000 US Census data linked to residence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the influence of SES on rates of FTR, and fixed-effects hierarchical regression was used to evaluate the extent to which disparities could be attributed to differences among hospitals. A total of 596,222 patients undergoing esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, partial or total gastrectomy, colectomy, lung resection, and cystectomy for cancer from 2003 through 2007 were studied.Operative mortality, postoperative complications, and FTR (case fatality after ≥1 major complication).Patients in the lowest quintile of SES had mildly increased rates of complications (25.6% in the lowest quintile vs 23.8% in the highest quintile, P = .003), a larger increase in mortality (10.2% vs 7.7%, P = .0009), and the greatest increase in rates of FTR (26.7% vs 23.2%, P = .007). Analysis of hospitals revealed a higher FTR rate for all patients (regardless of SES) at centers treating the largest proportion of patients with low SES. The adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) of FTR according to SES ranged from 1.04 (0.95-1.14) for gastrectomy to 1.45 (1.21-1.73) for pancreatectomy. Additional adjustment for hospital effect nearly eliminated the disparity observed in FTR across levels of SES.Patients in the lowest quintile of SES have significantly increased rates of FTR. This finding appears to be in part a function of the hospital where patients with low SES are treated. Future efforts to improve socioeconomic disparities should concentrate on hospital processes and characteristics that contribute to successful rescue.
Clinical Experience with Gefitinib in Indian Patients
Authors: Purvish Parikh, Alex Yuang-Chi Chang, Shona Nag, Raghunadharao Digumarti, Gouri Shankar Bhattacharyya, Dinesh Chandra Doval, Govind Babu, Raju Titus Chacko, Suresh Advani, Anantbhushan Ranade, Shyam Aggarwal, Ramesh Jagannathan, Laura Hargreaves, Nick Thatcher
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Mice Deficient in Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Receptor A (NPRA) Exhibit Decreased Lung Inflammation: Implication of NPRA Signaling in Asthma Pathogenesis
Authors: X. Kong, X. Wang, G. Hellermann, R.F. Lockey, S. Mohapatra
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
80-Lead body map detects acute ST elevation myocardial infarction missed by standard 12-lead electrocardiography
Authors: Joseph P. Ornato, Ian B. Menown, John W. Riddell, Simon Carley, Kevin Mackway-Jones, George L. Higgins, Mary Ann Peberdy, Michael C. Kontos, Suzanne J. Maynard, A.A.Jennifer Adgey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Allergen‐Induced Release of Sulphidopeptide Leukotrienes (SRS‐A) and LTB<sub>4</sub> in Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: R. J. SHAW, P. FITZHARRIS, O. CROMWELL, A. J. WARDLAW, A. B. KAY
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Leukotrienes are a recently discovered group of arachidonic acid‐derived lipid mediators. Using radioimmunoassay and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), we have identified the SRS‐A sulphidopeptide leukotrienes (LTC 4 , LTD 4 and LTE 4 ) in nasal washings from patients with allergic rhinitis who underwent nasal challenge with specific allergen. Smaller, but significant, amounts of LTB 4 were also detected. The concentrations of nasal leukotrienes were directly related to the dose of allergen, and were recovered in washings in a time‐dependent fashion after challenge. When the patients were subjected to methacholine nasal challenge on a control day, we found only negligible amounts of either the sulphidopeptide leukotrienes or LTB 4 . These findings support the view that LTC 4 , LTD 4 and LTE 4 might contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis as a result of their recognized effects on mucous hypersecretion and vasopermeability, and that the potent chemoattractant LTB 4 might be involved in the subsequent infiltration of inflammatory cells.
Amoxicillin for non-severe pneumonia in young children:Authors' reply
Authors: Shally Awasthi, S K Kabra, Shamim Qazi
Journal: BMJ (2004)

How electronic communication is changing health care Usability is main barrier to effective electronic information systemsEditor-Jadad and Delamothe celebrate "the return of the human" to health informatics in their editorial asking what's next for electronic communication and health care. 1 The question is not whether we need to merge human centred and technology centred approaches: the question is how to do it.If electronic resources are to improve health they have to be accessible, reliable, and usable.More than 80% of websites are currently not accessible by all, including most primary care trust and healthcare charity sites. 2 And according to our unpublished in-house survey, few electronic resources are subject to the rigour we would expect of reliable, evidence based publications, and many of the high quality resources that exist are prohibitively difficult to use in everyday practice.Usability concerns whether an information system is structured so that users can get an answer to fit their purpose.The solution to this problem is user centred design. 3So why isn't it happening in health care?In spite of considerable evidence that user centred design results in cost savings downstream, and a clear need to assess the usability of information systems, 4 the perception remains that it is too expensive.A good first step is the creation of effective, free tools that help us assess the usability of electronic resources quickly, such as our LIDA tool (www.minervation.com/downloads.html).These are needed to show where the problems are in resources that already exist.Once the usability problem has been identified and defined and both users and commissioners have been educated to expect better from information technology systems, momentum will be gathered towards genuinely high quality electronic information systems.
Transient Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Infancy
Authors: G. D. Abbott
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Spontaneous clearing of bacteriuria occurred in three infants during the neonatal and early infancy period. In all cases, the presence of bacteria was confirmed by bladder puncture, no signs of clinical infection were present, and no treatment was given. The same host defence mechanisms as exist in adults were probably responsible for this phenomenon.
Functional Importance of the Coronary Collaterals
Authors: Donald E. Gregg, Randolph E. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

POST-MORTEM studies have demonstrated the presence of many coronary arterial collateral vessels in the normal human heart at birth and later in life. Some of these vessels are located in the epicardium, but they are much more prevalent in the subendocardium. Coronary-artery disease leads to an increase in their size and number in both regions, but the increase is greater in the subendocardium than in the subepicardium.1 , 2 The subject of this article is the extent to which the development of collateral vessels protects the heart from the consequences of coronary-artery disease, especially in human beings. The understanding of this issue . . .
On line assessment of right ventricular function in patients with chronic congestive heart failure by echocardiographic automated boundary detection — Comparison with tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and gated blood pool ventriculography
Authors: Giovanni Fomi, Massimo Pozzoli, Giorgio Cannizzaro, Giuseppe Calsamiglia, Egidio Traversi, Mariella Franchini, Davide Rossi, Soccorso Capomolia, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Propranolol in the Management of Hypertension in a Long-Term Dialysis Program
Authors: Earl C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1974)

IN patients with chronic renal failure requiring maintenance dialysis, hypertension is frequently difficult to control without bilateral nephrectomy. Because of surgical risks in uremic patients, and also because of the complicating postnephrectomy anemias and problems in fluid and electrolyte balance, it is desirable to avoid nephrectomy. This is true particularly in view of the observed occasional improvement in renal function after several months of dialysis. Recently there have been reports on the value of propranolol hydrochloride in controlling severe hypertension in nonuremic patients.<sup>1</sup>We are reporting a trial of this drug in patients with uremia. <h3>Patients and Methods</h3> Six of the 20 patients on the longterm dialysis program have had persistent hypertension, despite therapy with furosemide, methyldopa, hydralazine hydrochloride, and guanethidine sulfate, and rigorous control of sodium intake and weight gain between dialyses. Many were experiencing postural hypotensive effects, drowsiness, and impotence, and were therefore at the limit of