tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fibrin <scp>d</scp> -Dimer and β-Thromboglobulin as Markers of Thrombogenesis and Platelet Activation in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gregory Y.H. Lip, Peck Lin Lip, John Zarifis, Robert D.S. Watson, David Bareford, Gordon D.O. Lowe, D. Gareth Beevers
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Previous studies have demonstrated increased markers of thrombogenesis in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), suggesting the presence of a hypercoagulable or prothrombotic state. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of introducing ultra–low-dose warfarin (1 mg), conventional warfarin, and aspirin (300 mg) therapy on thrombogenesis and platelet activation in AF. Methods and Results We measured sequential changes in plasma fibrin d -dimer (an index of thrombogenesis) and β-thromboglobulin (β-TG, a measure of platelet activation) in 51 patients with chronic AF before and at 2 and 6 weeks after randomization to either 1 mg warfarin or 300 mg aspirin (phase 1). Then all patients were started on conventional warfarin therapy (phase 2) with samples taken 2 and 6 weeks later. Pretreatment results were compared with those from 26 healthy control subjects in sinus rhythm. Baseline (pretreatment) β-TG and d -dimer levels in patients with AF were elevated compared with those of control subjects ( P &lt;.001). In phase 1, there were no significant changes in median levels of fibrin d -dimer or β-TG, despite warfarin 1 mg or aspirin 300 mg. With standard warfarin therapy (phase 2), there was a reduction in median β-TG at 6 weeks ( P =.025) and a sequential reduction in median d -dimer levels at 2 ( P =.001) and 6 ( P &lt;.001) weeks compared with baseline levels. Conclusions Patients with AF have increased intravascular thrombogenesis and platelet activation compared with patients in sinus rhythm. Introduction of ultra–low-dose warfarin (1 mg) or aspirin 300 mg does not significantly alter these markers, although conventional warfarin therapy reduces β-TG and fibrin d -dimer levels. This is consistent with the beneficial effect of full-dose warfarin in preventing stroke and thromboembolism in AF and suggests that ultra–low-dose warfarin and aspirin may not exert similar beneficial effects.
Results of the National Cooperative Inner-City Asthma Study (NCICAS) environmental intervention to reduce cockroach allergen exposure in inner-city homes
Authors: Peter J. Gergen, Kathleen M. Mortimer, Peyton A. Eggleston, David Rosenstreich, Herman Mitchell, Dennis Ownby, Meyer Kattan, Dean Baker, Elizabeth C. Wright, Raymond Slavin, Floyd Malveaux
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
MEASUREMENT OF RESISTANCE TO EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS IN ALBINO MICE
Authors: Richard Costello, Takateru Izumi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Enhanced resistance against experimental tuberculosis was acquired by albino mice after peritoneal vaccination with living BCG. Prolongation of life was used as a measure of resistance against massive intravenous challenge infection. The average degree of prolongation of life was found to be directly related to the size of the vaccinating dose. The ultimate numbers of BCG bacilli recovered from the animal's organs were also directly related to the quantity of vaccine initially administered. It appears therefore that the relative degree of antitubercular resistance achieved by immunized mice is closely related to the vaccinal population present in the animal's organs.
Glycome and Transcriptome Regulation of Vasculogenesis
Authors: Rania Harfouche, Dirk M. Hentschel, Stephanie Piecewicz, Sudipta Basu, Cristin Print, David Eavarone, Tanyel Kiziltepe, Ram Sasisekharan, Shiladitya Sengupta
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Therapeutic vasculogenesis is an emerging concept that can potentially be harnessed for the management of ischemic pathologies. The present study elucidates the potential coregulation of vasculogenesis by the heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan-rich cell-surface glycome and the transcriptome.
Effect of NHS breast screening programme on mortality from breast cancer in England and Wales, 1990-8: comparison of observed with predicted mortality
Authors: R G Blanks
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the impact of the NHS breast screening programme on mortality from breast cancer in women aged 55-69 years over the period 1990-8. <b>Design:</b> Age cohort model with data for 1971-89 used to predict mortality for 1990-8 with assumption of no major effect from screening or improvements in treatment until after 1989. Effect of screening and other factors on mortality estimated by comparing three year moving averages of observed mortality with those predicted (by five year age groups from 50-54 to 75-79), the effect of screening being restricted to certain age groups. <b>Setting:</b> England and Wales. <b>Subjects:</b> Women aged 40 to 79 years. <b>Results:</b> Compared with predicted mortality in the absence of screening or other effects the total reduction in mortality from breast cancer in 1998 in women aged 55-69 was estimated as 21.3%. Direct effect of screening was estimated as 6.4% (range of estimates from 5.4-11.8%). Effect of all other factors (improved treatment with tamoxifen and chemotherapy, and earlier presentation outside the screening programme) was estimated as 14.9% (range 12.2-14.9%). <b>Conclusions:</b> By 1998 both screening and other factors, including improvements in treatment, had resulted in substantial reductions in mortality from breast cancer. Many deaths in the 1990s will be of women diagnosed in the 1980s and early 1990s, before invitation to screening. Further major effects from screening and treatment are expected, which together with cohort effects should result in further substantial reductions in mortality from breast cancer, particularly for women aged 55-69, over the next 10 years.
Increased expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and loss of epithelial growth factor (EGFR)/TGF-β1 in chronic toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced asthma: Relationship to asthma symptoms
Authors: Soo-Keol Lee, Hyun-Ee Lim, Sun-Sin Kim, Dong-Ho Nahm, Hae-Sim Park
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
SIRT1 Is Required for AMPK Activation and the Beneficial Effects of Resveratrol on Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Nathan L. Price, Ana P. Gomes, Alvin J.Y. Ling, Filipe V. Duarte, Alejandro Martin-Montalvo, Brian J. North, Beamon Agarwal, Lan Ye, Giorgio Ramadori, Joao S. Teodoro, Basil P. Hubbard, Ana T. Varela, James G. Davis, Behzad Varamini, Angela Hafner, Ruin Moaddel, Anabela P. Rolo, Roberto Coppari, Carlos M. Palmeira, Rafael de Cabo, Joseph A. Baur, David A. Sinclair
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
SHOULD INTEGRILIN BE AN INTEGRAL PART OF ADJUNCTIVE THERAPY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?
Authors: Michael Mahmoudi, Cedric Delhaye, Kohei Wakabayashi, Loic Belle, Gabriel Maluenda, Manuel A. Gonzalez, Michael A. Gaglia, Itsik Ben-Dor, Rafael Romaguera, Rebecca Torguson, Zhenyi Xue, William O. Suddath, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, Augusto D. Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Redefining the Issues in Fetal Experimentation
Authors: Eugene F. Diamond
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THERE has been a crisis of public confidence (<i>Marriage and Family Newsletter</i>, January 1972, pp 1-8) in the medical profession generated in this country by the performance of vivisection-type experiments on live aborted fetuses<sup>1</sup>and highly questionable therapeutic trials involving institutionalized mentally defective children.<sup>2,3</sup>Very few investigators and a small number of studies are involved. Measures to prevent a recurrence of abuses are appropriate, but the response of the medical profession to attempts to establish guidelines has been hyperbolic, and overblown, and inconsistent with the profession's crucial responsibility to patient advocacy. The issue has never been<i>whether</i>research would be conducted but<i>how</i>it would be conducted. Research is not necessarily deterred by restrictive guidelines. It is quite possible that research as a whole would be advanced if the public were reassured that no further abuses would be tolerated (<i>News &amp; Comment</i>25:8, 1974). Much of what has
Interaction of natural and synthetic albumin polymers with hepatocytes
Authors: Teresa L. Wright, Nina Lysenko, Robert K. Ockner, Richard A. Weisiger
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

The hepatitis B virus binds avidly to albumin polymers which in turn may mediate the initial binding of viral particles to the liver cell. However, the interaction of albumin polymers with the liver remains poorly characterized, and the possibility that hepatic binding reflects an artifact of polymerization with glutaraldehyde has not been excluded. We therefore characterized the binding of 125 I-labeled natural and synthetic albumin polymers to suspensions of rat hepatocytes. Saturable binding was demonstrated for all preparations of monomeric and polymeric albumin studied. Glutaraldehyde-polymerized albumin (mean polymerization number = 15) bound much more avidly than naturally occurring albumin polymers (mostly dimers and trimers) or monomeric albumin. Competition between monomer and synthetic polymer was not observed. Reduction of free aldehyde groups on the synthetic polymer decreased nonsaturable binding without affecting saturable binding. Autoradiography confirmed binding of polyalbumin to hepatic parenchymal cells. Glutaraldehyde-polymerized ovalbumin, a protein unrelated to serum albumin, also bound hepatocytes saturably. We conclude that hepatic binding of synthetic albumin polymers is not due to residual aldehyde groups on the polymer and is much more avid than for natural polymer. This difference may reflect the higher degree of polymerization or chemical modification of the synthetic polymer. The hepatic binding sites for synthetic polymer appear distinct from those previously described for monomeric albumin and may not be specific for albumin.
Tumor-associated macrophages as major source of APRIL in gastric MALT lymphoma
Authors: Fabio Munari, Silvia Lonardi, Marco A. Cassatella, Claudio Doglioni, Maria Giulia Cangi, Amedeo Amedei, Fabio Facchetti, Yoshinobu Eishi, Massimo Rugge, Matteo Fassan, Marina de Bernard, Mario M. D'Elios, William Vermi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway during hepatocyte growth factor–induced hepatomegaly in mice
Authors: Udayan Apte, Gang Zeng, Peggy Muller, Xinping Tan, Amanda Micsenyi, Benjamin Cieply, Chunsun Dai, Youhua Liu, Klaus H. Kaestner, Satdarshan P. S. Monga
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and β-catenin both play a crucial role in stimulating hepatocyte proliferation, but whether these 2 pathways cooperate in inducing hepatocyte proliferation is unclear. We have previously reported that β-catenin forms a complex with c-Met (HGF receptor) that undergoes dissociation because of β-catenin tyrosine phosphorylation on stimulation by HGF. It is also known that delivery of the human HGF gene cloned in a plasmid under a CMV promoter results in hepatomegaly in mice. In addition, recently characterized β-catenin transgenic mice also showed hepatomegaly. The present study was based on the hypothesis that HGF-induced hepatomegaly is mediated, at least in part, by activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here we report that delivery of the human HGF gene delivery in mice led to hepatomegaly via β-catenin activation in the liver in 1- and 4-week studies. The mechanisms of β-catenin activation in the 1-week study included loss of c-Met–β-catenin association as well as canonical β-catenin activation, leading to its nuclear translocation. In the 4-week study, β-catenin activation was observed via canonical mechanisms, whereas the c-Met–β-catenin complex remained unchanged. In both studies there was an associated increase in the E-cadherin–β-catenin association at the membrane. In addition, we generated liver-specific β-catenin knockout mice, which demonstrated significantly smaller livers. HGF gene delivery failed to induce hepatomegaly in these β-catenin conditionally null mice. In conclusion, β-catenin- and HGF-mediated signaling pathways cooperate in hepatocyte proliferation, which may be crucial in liver development, regeneration following partial hepatectomy, and pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;44:992–1002.)
Management of anorexia nervosa revisited
Authors: Janice Russell
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Management of anorexia nervosa revisited Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
CALCIUM SULPHIDE IN THE TREATMEMT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: EDWARD F. WELLS
Journal: JAMA (1893)

In this paper the profession is invited to consider anew the claims of an agent in the therapeutics of pulmonary tuberculosis—one which has long attracted and held my attention and in which I take great present interest. I refer to sulphide of lime—or as dispensed, sulphuretted lime—or other agents which liberate sulphuretted hydrogen in the system. My attention was first drawn to this subject in 1883 by the following case: <i>Case 1</i>.—Mrs. P., aged thirty-six, of phthisical family, came under my care in 1883, with the ensuing very interesting history:—Eight years previously she had an attack of a peculiar form of herpes zoster, affecting the left side of the forehead and face and the infra-clavicular portion of chest. Severe ulceration resulted, with the occurrence in the vicinity of numerous superficial abscesses, and fourteen weeks elapsed before cicatrization was completed. Subsequently she had several attacks, affecting the same regions and always
Does parvovirus B19 have a role in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: S Nikkari, R Luukkainen, T Mottonen, O Meurman, P Hannonen, M Skurnik, P Toivanen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

To determine whether parvovirus B19 (B19) infection is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).The polymerase chain reaction was applied to serum, cells isolated from synovial fluid, and synovial fluid. Enzyme immunoassay technique was used to detect antibodies against B19.Of 142 patients with early RA (onset of disease under one year) and 67 control patients, serological evidence of recent parvoviral infection was found in 4/135 and 2/62, respectively. However, no evidence for the presence of parvoviral DNA was observed in 18 synovial fluids, 21 samples of synovial fluid granulocytes or 40 sera, all obtained from 65 patients diagnosed with early RA.Although there is published evidence of chronic rheumatoid-like arthropathy following acute parvovirus infection, our findings do not support the involvement of B19 in the aetiopathogenesis of RA.
Insulin resistance: an independent risk factor for lung cancer?
Authors: Eleni Th. Petridou, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Constantine N. Antonopoulos, Nick Dessypris, Ioannis L. Matsoukis, Konstantinos Aronis, Anna Efremidis, Constantinos Syrigos, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Metabolism (2011)
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Authors: M'Liss A. Hudson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters3 April 2012Screening for Prostate CancerM'Liss A. Hudson, MDM'Liss A. Hudson, MDFrom Washington University at St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-7-201204030-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I am disheartened by the publication of Chou and colleagues' recent review (1), which suggests that PSA screening is ineffective and harmful to U.S. men. I do not believe that the “exhaustive review of the latest evidence” described by the authors is applicable to these men.The American Cancer Society (2) reports that 35 110 cases of prostate cancer are expected to occur in African American men in 2011 to 2012, accounting for 40% of all types of cancer diagnosed in this group. One in 5 African American men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in his ...References1. Chou R, Croswell JM, Dana T, Bougatsos C, Blazina I, Fu R, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:762-71. [PMID: 21984740] LinkGoogle Scholar2. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures for African Americans 2011-2012. Accessed at www.cancer.org/Research/CancerFactsFigures/CancerFactsFiguresforAfricanAmericans/cancer-facts-figures-af-am-2011-2012 on 31 January 2012. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M'Liss A. Hudson, MDAffiliations: From Washington University at St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Prostate Cancer: A Review of the Evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Roger Chou , Jennifer M. Croswell , Tracy Dana , Christina Bougatsos , Ian Blazina , Rongwei Fu , Ken Gleitsmann , Helen C. Koenig , Clarence Lam , Ashley Maltz , J. Bruin Rugge , and Kenneth Lin Screening for Prostate Cancer Murray S. Feldstein Screening for Prostate Cancer Roger Chou and Jennifer M. Croswell Screening for Prostate Cancer Sigrid Carlsson , Andrew Vickers , Hans Lilja , and Jonas Hugosson Metrics 3 April 2012Volume 156, Issue 7Page: 539-540KeywordsCancer screeningCohort studiesConflicts of interestHispanic peopleNative American peopleProstate cancerRacial and ethnic issues ePublished: 3 April 2012 Issue Published: 3 April 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Extended Nitric Oxide Analysis and Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness In Children With Asthma According To Atopy
Authors: Yoon Hee Kim, Min Jung Kim, Hee Seon Lee, Yoon Ki Han, Young A. Park, Kyu-Earn Kim, Kyung Won Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Measurement of chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchange, <i>hprt</i> mutations, and DNA adducts in peripheral lymphocytes of human populations at increased risk for cancer
Authors: David Jacobson-Kram, Richard J. Albertini, Richard F. Branda, Michael T. Falta, P. Thomas Iype, Ken Kolodner, Saou-Hsing Liou, Melissa A. McDiarmid, Marcia Morris, Janice A. Nicklas, J. Patrick O'Neill, Miriam C. Poirier, Donald Putman, Paul T. Strickland, Jerry R. Williams, Shuqin Xiao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Using a multidisciplinary approach, we have measured various indicators of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of human populations potentially at increased risk for cancer. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)–DNA adducts were evaluated in a group of firefighters; chromosomal aberrations and hprt mutations were evaluated in a group of cancer patients undergoing radioimmunoglobulin therapy (RIT); SCE and acrolein-modified DNA were measured in cancer chemotherapy patients and in pharmacists preparing chemotherapy prescriptions; and SCE and PAH–DNA adducts are being measured in U.S. army troops stationed in Kuwait. Our results indicate that both SCE and PAH–DNA adduct levels were not elevated in firefighters, but that other factors such as smoking status and race were risk factors for increased SCE and PAH–DNA adducts. RIT was found to increase background rates of chromosome-type aberrations and frequencies of hprt mutations and there was a strong correlation between levels of therapy-induced chromosome damage sustained in vivo and in vitro sensitivity to radiation-induced chromosome damage. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of cancer patients treated with cyclophosphamide showed higher levels of SCE and had a higher incidence of acrolein adducts in DNA. Lymphocytes from pharmacists preparing antineoplastic drugs were found to acquire increased in vitro sensitivity to SCE induction by phosphoramide mustard with increased lifetime duration of drug handling. A prospective, longitudinal study was performed to identify environmental factors that modulate genetic damage in breast cancer patients. Women with benign breast masses and no apparent disease served as controls. Mutant frequency, cloning efficiency, and chromosomal aberration frequency did not differ significantly among the three groups. The results described and the data being gathered on troops stationed in Kuwait suggest that all the methodologies described can be useful in screening human populations for mutagenic exposures.
Organizing and managing a gastroenterology department
Authors: C. B Williams, R. L Davies
Journal: Gut (1983)

anatomy and physiology; while it may be argued that this collection of essays is aimed at clinicians, it must also be remembered that it is basic science which describes the systems which are disordered by disease and, hence, the possibilities of therapy.Although this volume embodies a scientific approach that is neither truly contemporary nor systematic, the disorders which are reviewed here are still with us, and there is much material here which will prove useful and stimulating for the clinician.As with other volumes in this series, the standard of production is high and the price is relatively low.With the proviso, that an understanding of the present state of the art will require additional reading, this collection of essays is recommended.
Steroid Therapy in Goodpasture's Syndrome
Authors: ROBERT KOPELMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 November 1975Steroid Therapy in Goodpasture's SyndromeROBERT KOPELMAN, M.D., PHILLIP HOFFSTEN, M.D., SAULO KLAHR, M.D., F.A.C.P.ROBERT KOPELMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PHILLIP HOFFSTEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SAULO KLAHR, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-5-734_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent paper by de Torrente and associates ("Serious Pulmonary Hemorrhage, Glomerulonephritis, and Massive Steroid Therapy," Ann Intern Med 83:218-219, 1975) indicates that massive steroid therapy may provide an alternative to bilateral nephrectomy as therapy for life-threatening pulmonary hemorrhage in patients with Goodpasture's syndrome. We wish to report a second case of lung hemorrhage in Goodpasture's syndrome successfully treated with massive steroid therapy.A 32-year-old Eskimo woman was admitted to the hospital because of cough, hemoptysis, and progressive shortness of breath of 5 days' duration. She gave a history of right upper lobectomy for therapy of tuberculosis... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Renal Division Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri 63110 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAcute Glomerulonephritis, Vasculitis, and Pulmonary Renal SyndromeGoodpasture-Syndrom — Schnelle Remission nach frühzeitiger Plasmapherese und Cyclophosphamid-StoßbehandlungGoodpasture's syndromePlasmapheresis and immunosuppressive agents in antibasement membrane antibody-induced Goodpasture's syndrome 1 November 1975Volume 83, Issue 5Page: 734-735KeywordsDyspneaGlomerulonephritisHemorrhageLobectomyLungsNephrectomySteroid therapy Issue Published: 1 November 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...