tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES OF THE CARRIER STATE FOLLOWING INFECTION WITH GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI. II. INFECTIVITY OF STREPTOCOCCI ISOLATED DURING ACUTE PHARYNGITIS AND DURING THE CARRIER STATE*
Authors: Richard M. Krause, Charles H. Rammelkamp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Group A streptococci persist in the tissues of the upper respiratory tract for several months after infection (1), although the number of streptococci that can be isolated from the respiratory tract usually decreases after the acute illness. The present study was designed to test the infectivity of group A streptococci isolated from the human oropharynx during the acute streptococcal infection and during the carrier state. Infectivity was determined by intranasal inoculation of monkeys, since in these animals streptococci will grow in the tissues of the oropharynx and induce an antibody response.
Correlation of angiographic and autopsy right ventricular dimensions in infants and children.
Authors: B Sepehri, E A Fisher, F A Eckner, A R Hastreiter
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Standard autopsy specimens from 49 infants and children, most with congenital heart disease, were prepared by controlled pressure coronary artery perfusion fixation of the heart. Autopsy measurements of tricuspid (TV) and pulmonary valve (PV) circumferences (Circ), right ventricular (RV) outflow circumference, (Circ), RV inflow and outflow tract lengths, and RV volume (Vol) were correlated with corresponding in vivo end-diastolic (D) and end-systolic (S) measurements from biplane cineangiograms (angio) in the same patients. Correlation of the dimensions studied yielded the following r values: TV 0.72, PV 0.78, D Circ 0.61, S Circ 0.56, D inflow spatial (sp) 0.83, S inflow sp 0.83, D outflow sp 0.87, S outflow sp 0.84, D Vol 0.80, and S Vol 0.80. Mean angio and autopsy values were not significantly different for spatial outflow tract measurments and S Vol. Average autopsy values were lower than all other D angio measurements: (p [diff] < 0.001) and S inflow sp, (p [diff] < 0.05), but higher than all other S angio measurements, (p [diff] < 0.05-0.001). The data show the predictability of the changes in RV morphology with this fixation method and provide a basis for meaningful comparison of quantitative autopsy and angio dimensions of the RV.
Antiepileptic Medications and the Risk of Suicide—Reply
Authors: Elisabetta Patorno
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tracheobronchial Cytologic Changes During the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Jack Chalon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Smears were made from bronchial washings of patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia. Cyclic cytomorphologic changes were observed in the ciliated columnar epithelia of younger females but not in epithelia of males and older women. During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, the nuclei of the ciliated cells were found mainly in the basal position. Following ovulation they ascended to mid-position, and as the secretory phase progressed they migrated towards the apex. After approximately the 25th day, increasing numbers of cells with basal nuclei were again noticed. Intracytoplasmic mucopolysaccharide content increased with the ascent of the nucleus. When cells with basal nuclei predominated once more, goblet cells proliferated concurrently, probably indicating metaplasia from ciliated cells with high mucopolysaccharide content. These cyclic fluctuations may possibly protect females from inhaled irritants and carcinogens.
Rate of recall after breast cancer screening in the United States is twice that in the United Kingdom
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The proportion of women who are recalled for further testing after screening for breast cancer using mammography and the proportion of negative results after surgical biopsy are twice as high in the United States as in the United Kingdom, although the rate of detection of breast cancer is similar in the two countries.

The process of screening differs between the United States and the United Kingdom. In the United States mammography is provided in diverse settings, such as private practice, health maintenance organisations, and academic medical centres, whereas in the United Kingdom a single organised screening programme run by the NHS provides virtually all mammography for women …
Clinics in Rheumatic Diseases. Anti-rheumatic Drugs III
Authors: A. Bamji
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

would suggest that the finding of a SI/S ratio of 2 influenced preto post-test probabilities to a degree similar to that detected by Khan and Khan9 for the presence of HLA-B27.A ratio of 1-25 affects pre- to post-test diagnosis in a similar fashion to the absence of HLA-B27.In a clinical situation the physician does not depend upon isolated data in order to achieve a reasonable diagnosis.The early diagnosis of anky- losing spondylitis is no exception.A variety of clinical, laboratory, and radiological data is critical.We feel that radioisotope imaging of the sacroiliac joints may be valuable when radiographs are equi- vocal.The interpretation of the data must allow for clinical pretest 'suspicion'.Bayes' theorem permits a clinically more meaningful assessment of the data.
Are we failing our teenagers? Value of a family planning service for teenagers within the sexually transmitted disease clinic.
Authors: J M Tobin, R B Roy
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Out of 100 teenage girls attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic for the first time, 77 were found to be using a reliable method of contraception and had similar characteristics to teenage girls attending a family planning clinic. The 23 girls not using any reliable contraception exhibited a different pattern of sexual behaviour and were at high risk of unplanned pregnancy. Subsequently, another group of 23 girls not using contraception when seen at the sexually transmitted disease clinic were actively encouraged to attend a family planning clinic. Their risk of unplanned pregnancy was much reduced, although their pattern of sexual activity was unchanged. Ready availability of contraceptive advice for unprotected teenagers in sexually transmitted disease clinics would reduce their high risk of unplanned pregnancy.
Meat-Wrapper's Respiratory Tract Disease
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In 1973, Sokol et al 1 reported three instances of respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, wheezing) occurring in women exposed to fumes produced when the polymer, polyvinyl chloride, was cut with a hot wire during the course of their work as meat wrappers in supermarkets. Although all three patients were cigarette smokers and had been employed for years in the same line of work, they had no respiratory symptoms prior to introduction of the polymer as the meat-wrapping material. All patients had evidence of airway obstruction, reversible or preventable by stopping work or by inhaling bronchodilating drugs. The authors speculated that they were describing a new syndrome, which they named meat-wrapper's asthma; however, historical evidence suggested that the syndrome was not new but simply not reported previously.  In this issue ofThe Journal, Andrasch and Bardana (p 937) report the case of a meat cutter who was exposed to both the
The measles outbreak in the French military forces ? 2010?2011: Results of epidemiological surveillance
Authors: A. Mayet, C. Genicon, S. Duron, R. Haus-Cheymol, C. Ficko, G. Bdubourg, S. Laporal, J. Trichereau, J.-B. Meynard, X. Deparis, R. Migliani
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Nearly 900 more cardiologists needed because of cut in working hours
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Patients with heart disease in the United Kingdom are still not getting an adequate level of care, with many never getting to see a specially trained doctor, says a report out this week.

The report, from the British Cardiac Society and the Royal College of Physicians, finds that although many aspects of coronary care have improved since 1993, when the last report was produced, others continue to …
Leukemic IDH1 and IDH2 Mutations Result in a Hypermethylation Phenotype, Disrupt TET2 Function, and Impair Hematopoietic Differentiation
Authors: Maria E. Figueroa, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Chao Lu, Patrick S. Ward, Jay Patel, Alan Shih, Yushan Li, Neha Bhagwat, Aparna Vasanthakumar, Hugo F. Fernandez, Martin S. Tallman, Zhuoxin Sun, Kristy Wolniak, Justine K. Peeters, Wei Liu, Sung E. Choe, Valeria R. Fantin, Elisabeth Paietta, Bob Löwenberg, Jonathan D. Licht, Lucy A. Godley, Ruud Delwel, Peter J.M. Valk, Craig B. Thompson, Ross L. Levine, Ari Melnick
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Hypnosis in the Relief of Pain
Authors: Billie S. Lazar
Journal: JAMA (1976)

ABSTRACT Clinical Hypnosis: Principles and Applications, by Harold B. Crasilneck and James A. Hall, 345 pp, with illus, $19.50, New York, Grune & Stratton, 1975.Both books synthesize many years of research and clinical practice of the four authors, provide concise but thorough reviews of pertinent literature, give specific clinical examples, and are extremely readable. Although they overlap in their presentations of historical data and of some clinical uses, they have different orientations.Hilgard and Hilgard relate clinical and laboratory data to theories about pain and about hypnosis. This well-organized and detailed work is an excellent source of both clinical and experimental information for the advanced practitioner as well as for the beginner of hypnosis. The Hilgards begin by reviewing historical and current views of hypnosis, pain, and various methods of controlling pain; eg, drugs, surgery, and counterirritants. They discuss four major areas in which hypnosis has been used for pain
Alteration of the left ventricular diastolic pressure-segment length relation produced by the pericardium. Effects of cardiac distension and afterload reduction in conscious dogs.
Authors: K Shirato, R Shabetai, V Bhargava, D Franklin, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Left ventricular pressure and segment length were measured in seven conscious chronically instrumented dogs with the pericardium intact and 3-9 days after pericardiectomy. Diastolic pressure-length plots were obtained under control conditions and after acute volume loading followed by sodium nitroprusside infusion. In all dogs with intact pericardium, volume loading displaced the entire diastolic pressure-length curve upwards and sodium nitroprusside shifted it toward control. After pericardiectomy the pressure-segment length data during control, volume loading and sodium nitroprusside fell on a single curve (intercepts and slopes not statistically different); After dextran infusion, intrapericardial pressure rose from control 1.5 +/- 0.7 mm Hg to 8.2 +/- 0.5 mm Hg, and it fell to 4.8 +/- 0.1 mm Hg after nitroprusside. Therefore, in acute cardiac dilatation the pericardium contributed significantly to the increased left ventricular diastolic pressure and to the fall during sodium nitroprusside infusion and appeared responsible for shifts in the diastolic pressure-segment length relation.
Noninvasive quantitative evaluation of the morphology of the major pulmonary artery branches in cyanotic congenital heart disease. Angiocardiographic and echocardiographic correlative study.
Authors: S Hiraishi, H Misawa, H Hirota, Y Agata, Y Horiguchi, N Fujino, L H Yi, K Yashiro, S Nakae, M Kawada
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Precise noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary artery (PA) morphology is extremely important for medical and surgical management of patients with cyanotic heart disease. In this study, the accuracy of two-dimensional echocardiography combined with color Doppler flow mapping to assess the size, stenosis, and atresia of the major PA branches was examined using a new parasternal approach. METHODS AND RESULTS With the use of right and left high parasternal windows, we visualized each of the major portions along the right (R-PA) and left (L-PA) pulmonary arteries in 45 of the 47 examinations (96%) in 38 patients with cyanotic heart disease. The patients were between 13 days and 20 years old (mean age, 2.9 years). The internal diameters of the major PA branches were measured at three points along the R-PA (the proximal, mid, and distal portions) and at the proximal and distal portions on the L-PA in systole by both two-dimensional echocardiography and angiography. In addition, the diameter of the stenosis in the PA branch was measured. These PA values as determined by two-dimensional echocardiography correlated well with those obtained by angiography (r = .95 to .97). By two-dimensional echocardiography with color Doppler flow mapping, 17 of 19 lesions with stenoses or atresia of the major PA branches were predicted as defined by angiography (sensitivity, 89.5%; specificity, 100%). Differences between the distal parts of the L-PA and R-PA of &gt; 30% in diameter were determined by angiography in 15 examinations and by two-dimensional echocardiography in 12 examinations (sensitivity, 80%; specificity, 97.4%). CONCLUSIONS Our technique permits noninvasive evaluation of the size, stenoses, and atresia of the major portions of the PA branches in patients with cyanotic heart disease both before and after surgery.
The patient's journey: multiple sclerosis
Authors: Michaela Langgartner, Ingrid Langgartner, Marcus Drlicek
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Wenn einer eine Reise tut, dann kann er was erzählen When someone goes on a journey there will be lots to tell afterwards, according to the above Austrian saying.This is how we feel about our description of the journey that is multiple sclerosis.We will not focus on its aetiology, diagnosis, or treatment, but we will concentrate on the experiences of a patient (MD), his wife (IL), and the impressions of one of their children (ML).Looking back on our journey together we will discuss and share our thoughts.A short description of our experiences at time of diagnosis (box 1) and a personal outlook on the future (box 2) are given here; a more detailed description of the journey is on bmj.com
Angiotensin II and angiotensin III in rat blood.
Authors: P F Semple, J J Morton
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

Angiotensin II and its metabolites, [des-Asp-1]-angiotensin II (angiotensin III), [des-(Asp-1,Arg-2)]angiotensin II, and [des-(Asp-1,Arg-2,val-3)]angiotensin II, were measured in arterial and venous plasma from normal rats. Paper chromatography was used to separate the peptides which were measured with a radioimmunoassay method using an angiotensin II antiserum which had a 100% cross-reaction with each of these metabolites. A mean of 33% of the immunoreactive material in arterial plasma was angiotensin II, 58% angiotensin III, and 9% [des-(Asp-1,Arg-2)]angiotensin II/[des-(Asp-1,Arg-2,Val-3)]angiotensin II. A similar distribution was found in venous plasma. This and other evidence indicates that angiotensin-induced aldosterone secretion in the rat, unlike that in other mammalian species so far studied, may be mediated by angiotensin III.
Increased Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients with Major Burns and Its Effect on the Pharmacokinetics of Tobramycin
Authors: Philippe Loirat, Jean Rohan, Alice Baillet, Francois Beaufils, Rene David, Antoine Chapman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

The clearance of endogenous creatinine in 20 burned patients, measured between the fourth and the 35th post-burn day, was a mean (+/- S.D.) of 172.1 p 48.4 ml per minute per 1.73 m2; in eight normal subjects the mean value was 125.4 g- 10.4 (P less than 0.02). Thirteen patients had values more than 2 S.D. above the normal mean. We confirmed this rise in glomerular filtration rate by measuring inulin or iothalamate clearance in nine patients. The pharmacokinetics of tobramycin were studied in 11 of the 20 patients and in eight normal subjects receiving continuous intravenous infusions of the drug. An inverse correlation was found between plasma half-life of the drug and creatinine clearance (r = 0.68, P less than 0.01). Increased creatinine clearances and shortened half-life of tobramycin occurred mainly in younger patients. Glomerular filtration rates in burned patients may rise to very high values and can be validly measured by creatinine clearance. The plasma half-lives of drugs with predominantly urinary excretion may decrease in patients with burns.
Abstract LB-244: MiR-34a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β reduction inhibits tumorigenesis and sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in lung cancer.
Authors: Young-Jun Jeon, Gerard J. Nuovo, Justin Midddleton, Pooja Joshi, Natalya Nazaryan, Gianpiero Di Leva, Giulia Romano, Melissa Crawford, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Michela Garofalo, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite years of research, the prognosis for patients with lung cancer remains dismal. The most frequent type, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (85%), shows an overall five year survival of 15%. Isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and its ligand, PDGF, constitute a family of receptors and ligands involved in proliferative and prosurvival signaling within cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of ~ 22 nt endogenous RNAs, are important regulators of gene expression and have been implicated in the regulation of critical processes that are deregulated in cancer cells, as proliferation differentiation and apoptosis. Alterations in miRNA expression in cancer have been documented in numerous studies and suggest that miRNAs critically contribute to the cancer cell phenotype. In mammalians, the miR-34 family comprises three processed miRNAs that are encoded by two different genes: miR-34a is encoded by its own transcript, whereas miR-34b and miR-34c share a common primary transcript. In this study we found that miR-34a/c and not miR-34b, suppress the metastatic capacity of NSCLC by targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha and beta (PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β). We also observed an inverse relation between PDGFR-α/β mRNAs and miR-34a/c expression in lung tumor compared to normal lung samples. Finally, miR34-a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β suppression or knocking-down of PDGFR-α/β by siRNAs sensitized NSCLC cells to TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. Taken together our findings could be helpful for future anti-tumor therapy of lung cancer. Citation Format: Young-Jun Jeon, Gerard J. Nuovo, Justin Midddleton, Pooja Joshi, Natalya Nazaryan, Gianpiero Di Leva, Giulia Romano, Melissa Crawford, Patrick Nana-Sinkam, Michela Garofalo, Carlo M. Croce. MiR-34a/c-dependent PDGFR-α/β reduction inhibits tumorigenesis and sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-244. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-244
Angioplasty of the proximal left anterior descending artery: Long-term follow-up
Authors: Alexios P. Dimas, John H. Frierson, Dominic Marsalese, Irving Franco, Jay L. Hollman, Conrad C. Simpfendorfer, Russell E. Raymond, Khosrow Dorosti, Patrick L. Whitlow
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Length of Esophageal Cancer and Degree of Luminal Stenosis during Upper Endoscopy Predict T stage by Endoscopic Ultrasound
Authors: M. S. Bhutani, C. J. Barde, R. J. Markert, N. Gopalswamy
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered to be the most accurate modality for T staging of esophageal cancer. This study attempted to determine whether endoscopic features such as the length and degree of luminal stenosis in esophageal cancer can predict the T stage on EUS.Thirty-five patients with newly diagnosed esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous-cell carcinoma undergoing EUS prior to initiation of any treatment were included in the study. The length of the tumor was assessed prospectively during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) before EUS in 22 patients. Radial EUS was then performed in these patients. The other 13 patients had sufficient luminal stenosis to prevent complete advancement of the echo endoscope through the tumor. In these 13 patients, the length of the esophageal cancer was not examined, but the T and N stage up to the level of maximum advancement of the echo endoscope through the tumor were noted.All 13 patients with luminal stenosis had at least a T3 (n = 12) or T4 (n = 1) lesion up to the level of maximum advancement of the echo endoscope. Among the 22 patients in whom the length of the esophageal cancer was measured, the mean length in the 13 patients with a T1 or T2 lesion on EUS was 2.6 cm. The mean length in the nine patients with T3 esophageal cancer was 7.1 cm. The difference in the mean length of T1 or T2 lesions (2.6 cm) was significantly different ( P < 0.001) from the mean length of T3 lesions (7.1 cm). Using a clinical diagnostic testing approach, when > or = 5 cm length was used as a criteria for diagnosing T3 lesions, the sensitivity was 89 %, specificity 92 %, positive predictive value 89 %, and negative predictive value 92 %. There was also a suggestion of increased chances of lymph-node metastases with increasing length of esophageal cancer.In esophageal carcinoma, endoscopic features such as the length of the cancer and the degree of luminal stenosis correlate with T staging on EUS. Esophageal cancers that are > or = 5 cm in length, or are sufficiently stenotic to prevent passage of an endoscope, are much more likely to be T3 or higher-stage lesions, while those that are < 5 cm in length have a greater chance (92 %) of being T1 or T2.
Elder Self-neglect
Authors: Thomas M. Gill
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal