tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Disease
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Volume 1 of this series appeared in 1975; volume 2 has been written by 13 authors, all of whom are different from those who wrote for volume 1, with the exception of the editors. The epilepsies, the dementias, and certain movement disorders are topics discussed in both volumes. A survey of the contents will indicate the range of coverage of the borderland between neurology and psychiatry, for which the term neurobehavior is suggested. Richard L. Strub opens with a review of the acute confusional state, a behavioral response to widespread disruption of cerebral metabolism to literally thousands of agents or metabolic imbalances. In a chapter by the editors on the psychiatric manifestations of epilepsy, the behavioral change during the prodromal state, during the ictus, postictally and interictally (epileptic psychoses), is described, as well as the psychological response to the seizure disorder itself. Michael R. Trimble, writing on the interictal psychoses
A History of Stroke: Its Recognition and Treatment
Authors: Louis R. Caplan
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In any field, it is difficult to know where you are going unless you know where you have been.<i>A History of Stroke</i>is most timely. Interest, research, and knowledge about cerebrovascular disease and stroke patients have increased exponentially within the past 35 years. The history is brief enough to be reasonably digestible. Most of the contributions occurred within the lifetime and recall of the senior author, Dr Bill Fields, and his long-time associate, collaborator, and coauthor, Dr Noreen Lemak. Dr Fields has himself contributed much to the field of stroke and has been a very active principal, observer, and interpreter of this rapidly changing scene. This is a concise, 200-page account published as a hardbound, compact book that easily fits into a laboratory coat pocket or a handbag. The volume begins with a short chapter summarizing early stroke history from Hippocrates (400 BC) to Ramsey Hunt (1915). Then various
Congenital Absence of Apolipoprotein E and Neurological Function—Reply
Authors: Mary J. Malloy, John P. Kane
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
A Change of Heart
Authors: Thomas T. Tsai, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Abhiram Prasad, Sanjay Saint, Eric R. Bates
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

A 57-year-old teacher with a history of hypertension presented to an urgent care center with nonradiating chest pressure and light-headedness. Her chest pressure had begun soon after she had arrived at work that morning, when she was physically threatened by a parent of one of her fifth-grade students. Her symptoms improved with rest immediately after the event but then worsened by the end of the day.
What Is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Authors: Alfred Franzblau
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patients with tuberculosis can be managed effectively in the community
Authors: M. H Levy, G. Alperstein
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Coker observes that the urgency of the response to tuberculosis reflects how society views those on its margins.1 In contrast, a recent report from New York stated that, despite a reluctance to impose restrictive measures of mandatory directly observed treatment, over 3% of patients with tuberculosis (over 200 patients) between 1993 and 1995 did receive regulatory orders.2 These are …
Pyridoxine Antagonism of Levodopa in Parkinsonism
Authors: Arthur S. Leon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Since the decarboxylation of dopa to form dopamine is dependent upon pyridoxal phosphate, Duvoison and co-workers<sup>1</sup>hypothesized that pyridoxine might enhance the therapeutic effects of levodopa. Accordingly, they administered pyridoxine hydrochloride to patients with parkinsonism who were receiving maintenance doses of levodopa. They found that large doses of pyridoxine completely eliminated the clinical effects of levodopa, while smaller doses reduced or abolished its therapeutic activity or only dyskinetic side effects. This was associated with a reduced rise in plasma dopa levels following levodopa administration. Other workers have also reported reduced clinical activity of levodopa following pyridoxine.<sup>2-3</sup>The purpose of the present study was to correlate the effects of pyridoxine on the therapeutic activity of levodopa with its effects on absorption and metabolism. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> The study population consisted of three men and one woman with parkinsonism who had achieved stable improvement (Table 1). Maintenance levels of levodopa
Serum CPK Elevation After Seizures
Authors: Andrew L. Chesson
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Serial determination of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level is a useful index of acute myocardial infarction.<sup>1</sup>Nevertheless, a rise in serum CPK level must be interpreted with caution, because many extracardiac conditions are recognized to cause CPK level elevation (1974;229:1894).<sup>1</sup>We wish to call attention to the time course of serum CPK level elevation after generalized, tonic-clonic convulsions. We have determined serum CPK levels in five nonalcoholic patients who were admitted to the hospital for examination immediately after their first seizure. Three patients had generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and two had repetitive focal motor seizures involving the face or eralized tonic-clonic seizures, and two had repetitive focal motor seizures involving the face or extremity. Seizures were observed by either a physician or another reliable witness. No intramuscularly given injections were administered. There was no previous history of neuromuscular disease in any patient. Serial ECGs did not
HUMORAL ASPECTS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HOMOGRAFTS
Authors: Emmerik Jensen, Chandler A. Stetson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Isoimmune sera, prepared in BALB/c mice by immunization with living or lyophilized tissue from C57Bl/6 mice, were found to possess both hemagglutinating and cytotoxic activity for donor cells. Comparative titrations indicated a good correspondence between these two activities. Absorbtion with living or dead donor tissue caused removal or proportionate reduction of both activities. The results are consistent with the existence in isoimmune sera of a single class of isoantibodies, capable of agglutinating donor cells or of sensitizing them for complement lysis. Living and lyophilized tissue differ quantitatively, but not qualitatively, in their capacity to induce formation of these antibodies.
Pasireotide Alone or with Cabergoline and Ketoconazole in Cushing's Disease
Authors: Richard A. Feelders, Christiaan de Bruin, Alberto M. Pereira, Johannes A. Romijn, Romana T. Netea-Maier, Ad R. Hermus, Pierre M. Zelissen, Ramona van Heerebeek, Frank H. de Jong, Aart-Jan van der Lely, Wouter W. de Herder, Leo J. Hofland, Steven W. Lamberts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

To the Editor: Cushing's disease, which is caused by an adrenocorticotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.1 Currently, there is no effective medical therapy for Cushing's disease. However, recent studies identified the somatostatin-receptor subtype 5 and dopamine-receptor subtype 2 as potential therapeutic targets in Cushing's disease.2 Pasireotide is a new somatostatin analogue that binds with high affinity to somatostatin-receptor subtypes 1, 2, and 3, and it especially has high-affinity binding to somatostatin-receptor subtype 5.3 In a recent 15-day pilot study, pasireotide normalized the excretion of urinary free cortisol in 17% of patients with Cushing's disease.4 Cabergoline, a . . .
The Diethylstilbestrol Dilemma
Authors: Terrie A. Rymer
Journal: JAMA (1984)

DIETHYLSTILBESTROL is one of the "toxic time bombs" recently discovered to be responsible for diseases that do not manifest themselves until many years after exposure. In 1947, the Food and Drug Administration allowed manufacturers to recommend diethylstilbestrol for the prevention of miscarriages. In 1971, investigations reported an increased risk of a rare form of vaginal cancer, clear-cell adenocarcinomas, in the daughters of women who had taken diethylstilbestrol (<i>N Engl J Med</i>1971;284:878-881), and the FDA thereafter required diethylstilbestrol labeling to state that the drug was contraindicated for use to prevent miscarriage. It is estimated that during the more than 20 years that diethylstilbestrol was marketed for the prevention of miscarriages, more than 200 companies distributed the drug (Downey and Gulley,<i>Theories of Recovery for DES Damage: Is Tort Liability the Answer?</i>, 4<i>J Legal Med</i>167, 180 n 63), and that between 500,000 and 2 million pregnant women took the
Correction: SI Units for Insulin
Authors: Donald Young
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 January 1991Correction: SI Units for InsulinDonald Young, MB, PhDDonald Young, MB, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-2-172_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn Appendix Table 2 the "Present Reference Intervals" and "Present Unit" for insulin that correspond to the conversion factor 172.2 should be 0.20-0.84 µg/L (1)....Reference1. Young D. Implementation of SI units for clinical laboratory data: style specifications and conversion tables. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:114-29. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1991Volume 114, Issue 2Page: 172-172KeywordsInsulin-like growth factors Issue Published: 15 January 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
IMPROVED TECHNIQUE FOR THE CURE OF VENTRAL HERNIA.
Authors: M. M. JOHNSON
Journal: JAMA (1900)

According to Gross, "ventral hernia is a hernia involving the parietes of the belly, which are rendered defective in consequence of a wound, or accidental separation of some of the muscular and tendinous fibers." <h3>CAUSATION.</h3> The essential factor in the production of these herniæ is a deficiency in the fibrous aponeuroses which give strength to the abdominal walls. (Kelley.) Dr. Henry O. Marcy says that as a result of the surgical division of the abdominal wall, it may occur from defective union in consequence of improper closure of the parts, and Spencer Wells points out the fact that operators have often failed to include the peritoneum in the line of sutures. Another and not infrequent cause is found in the imperfect or non-union of a portion of the abdominal wall from the use of the drainage-tube and from stitch abscess and long incisions. A review of 340 cases of ventral
Clinical Application of SPECT in Adrenal Imaging with lodine-131 6??-lodomethyl-19-Norcholesterol
Authors: JUNJI ISHIMURA, MASAHIRO KAWANAKA, MINORU FUKUCHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Forty-one patients with or without adrenocortical disorders were studied to evaluate the clinical usefulness of SPECT in adrenal imaging with I-131 Adosterol. In the SPECT images from this study, all glands with either normally functioning or hyperfunctioning adrenal cortices could be detected, while those glands with hypofunctioning adrenal cortices could not be detected. Particularly in transaxial and sagittal slices, the adrenal gland was identified posteriorly and was clearly distinguished from the gallbladder. In preliminary results using SPECT by a standard method, uptake in 68 detectable glands ranged from 1.7% to 4.9% in four glands with Cushing's syndrome, from 1.1% to 1.3% in seven glands with primary aldosteronism, and were distributed below 1.0% in the remaining glands with normally functioning adrenal cortices. These data show that it is possible to evaluate the adrenocortical functioning status simply by analyzing the SPECT images of the adrenal.
Converting enzyme inhibition prevents the effects of atrial natriuretic factor on baroreflex responses in humans.
Authors: M Volpe, G Lembo, G Condorelli, N De Luca, F Lamenza, C Indolfi, B Trimarco
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on arterial baroreflex chronotropic responses and to investigate whether this effect of ANF is affected by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition (CEI). For this purpose, in 13 normal volunteers, the reflex chronotropic responses to arterial baroreceptor stimulation (phenylephrine, 25-100 micrograms i.v.) or deactivation (nitroglycerin, 25-100 micrograms i.v.) were evaluated in control conditions and during the steady-state phase of a sustained infusion of ANF (50 ng/kg/min) or placebo, before and during prolonged treatment with the converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril (20 mg p.o. for 5 days). ANF infusion, which raised plasma ANF levels from 48 +/- 19 to 1,765 +/- 203 pg/ml, was associated with a slight decrease in systemic blood pressure and no change in heart rate. In addition, it caused a significant increase of the regression slope obtained with phenylephrine (from 11.3 +/- 2 to 18.5 +/- 2 msec/mm Hg) and a significant reduction of slope of the nitroglycerin-produced regression line (from 9.3 +/- 1 to 5.6 +/- 0.6 msec/mm Hg). After sustained CEI, which raised plasma renin activity from 1.4 +/- 0.4 to 19.9 +/- 5 ng/ml/hr, ANF infusion induced an increase in plasma ANF levels and a reduction in blood pressure comparable to those observed in control conditions. During CEI, however, ANF infusion had no significant effect on the chronotropic baroreflex responses produced by phenylephrine or nitroglycerin. Chronotropic and pressor responses to cold exposure were unchanged after CEI and during ANF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Activity of Defined Mushroom Body Output Neurons Underlies Learned Olfactory Behavior in Drosophila
Authors: David Owald, Johannes Felsenberg, Clifford B. Talbot, Gaurav Das, Emmanuel Perisse, Wolf Huetteroth, Scott Waddell
Journal: Neuron (2015)

During olfactory learning in fruit flies, dopaminergic neurons assign value to odor representations in the mushroom body Kenyon cells. Here we identify a class of downstream glutamatergic mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) called M4/6, or MBON-β2β'2a, MBON-β'2mp, and MBON-γ5β'2a, whose dendritic fields overlap with dopaminergic neuron projections in the tips of the β, β', and γ lobes. This anatomy and their odor tuning suggests that M4/6 neurons pool odor-driven Kenyon cell synaptic outputs. Like that of mushroom body neurons, M4/6 output is required for expression of appetitive and aversive memory performance. Moreover, appetitive and aversive olfactory conditioning bidirectionally alters the relative odor-drive of M4β' neurons (MBON-β'2mp). Direct block of M4/6 neurons in naive flies mimics appetitive conditioning, being sufficient to convert odor-driven avoidance into approach, while optogenetically activating these neurons induces avoidance behavior. We therefore propose that drive to the M4/6 neurons reflects odor-directed behavioral choice.
A moment of truth for global health
Authors: R. Feachem, G. Yamey, C. Schrade
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A cross cutting approach is needed to meet the challenges of the global financial crisis

The past decade has been a “golden window” for global health.1 New disease specific health initiatives and major new funding programmes have contributed to impressive gains.2 3 In 2008, for example, 10 000 fewer children were dying each day than in 1990.3 But there are disturbing signs that the window may be closing.

Donor agencies have warned African countries that financial help for HIV treatment programmes cannot be assured.1 The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria and the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (GAVI Alliance) face serious funding shortfalls. The Spanish government just announced that it will cut foreign aid by €600m (£506m; $734m) as part of its austerity measures, and other donor governments seem likely to follow suit.4 Without sustained funding to strengthen the fragile health infrastructure of developing countries, the millennium development goals are unlikely to be reached.

How will the global health community respond? One risk is that the various sub-communities, or silos, such as those working on HIV, malaria, vaccines, or health systems, will advocate and compete for their own stake in the shrinking pot of donor money.

A more rational response would be for the community to come together and agree on a “cross cutting” agenda for global health. Such an agenda should focus on how to get the overall global health architecture right, and how to ensure maximum return for every dollar invested.

This agenda should tackle four key areas. A better …
Cost implications of the British Pacing and Electrophysiology Group's recommendations for pacing.
Authors: M. A. de Belder, N. J. Linker, S. Jones, A. J. Camm, D. E. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To compare present pacing practice with the recommendations recently published by the British Pacing and Electrophysiology Group and to assess the increase in annual budget required to implement these recommendations in a regional cardiothoracic unit.Retrospective analysis of pacemaker implantation for 1991 with calculation of the costs required to implement the group's recommendations based on average 1991 costs of the types of pacing generators and electrode leads used.Regional cardiothoracic unit for South West Thames Health Authority.433 consecutive patients receiving permanent pacemaker generators: 76 (18%) with sinus node disease; 270 (62%) with atrioventricular block; 25 (6%) with both sinus node disease and atrioventricular block; 59 (14%) with chronic atrial fibrillation and atrioventricular block; and 3 (1%) with carotid sinus or malignant vasovagal syndromes.Only 102 (24%) patients received pacemaker generators recommended by the British Pacing and Electrophysiology Group; however, 355 (82%) patients were older than 65 years, and 264 (61%) were aged 75 or over. The cost of hardware for pacing was 462,885 pounds. Using generators as recommended would have cost 810,525 pounds for "optimal" systems (an increase of 75%) and 710,750 pounds for "alternative" systems (an increase of 54%). These increases would have been considerably reduced by limiting the use of sophisticated pacing to younger patients (aged under 75). Further savings could be made by using the least expensive pacing models available.Implementing these recommendations should reduce morbidity related to bradyarrhythmia but will lead to major increases in pacing costs. Age and patients' expected activity may be used to select simple pacing systems and thus to contain cost. More research is needed to determine which patient groups will benefit most from complex pacing systems.
The Addict and the Law
Authors: George E. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In 1925, the Supreme Court of the United States handed down a decision which recognized the view that narcotic addiction is a disease and that physicians can give an addict moderate amounts to relieve withdrawal distress. This decision has been little proclaimed and is, even today, little appreciated by physicians. On the basis of earlier decisions, however, physicians have been frightened out of the treatment of addicts. As a result, addicts have been treated as criminals— often they have had to become criminals in order to obtain drugs for their own use—and have been denied proper medical assistance in the treatment of their addiction. The history of addiction, therefore, has been an interesting one in the US—the view that addiction is a crime always competing with the view that addiction is a disease. The author, professor of sociology at Indiana University and a student and writer in the field of
591 A prospective, multicenter, observational study on compliance to hepatitis C treatments (CHEOBS): Characteristics of HCV-infected patients with psychiatric disorders
Authors: J.-P. Lang, P. Meline, D. Ouzan, L. Cattan, M. Chousterman, R. Michels, T. Fontanges, P. Marcellin, P. Cacoub
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Out of depth, out of breath.
Authors: A K Mier, C Brophy, M Green
Journal: BMJ (1986)

3 observations: malades presentant des difficultes de respiration dans l'eau des qu'elle est profonde. Il s'agit de faiblesse du diaphragme, ne genant pas les mouvements respiratoires dans les conditions normales mais amenant des mouvements paradoxaux lors de l'immersion