tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of scratching behaviour and dermatitis in various strains of mice cohabiting with NC/Nga mice with chronic dermatitis
Authors: Y. Hashimoto, I. Arai, N. Takano, M. Tanaka, S. Nakaike
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

NC/Nga (NC) mice with similar pathological and behavioural features as seen in human atopic dermatitis are used as a model of the disease. Under normal circumstances, spontaneous and persistent scratching occurs in NC mice and this can lead to the onset of skin inflammation.We examined the induction of scratching behaviour in NC, BALB/c, ICR and C3H/HeN mice, and of dermatitis in NC and BALB/c mice, by cohabitation with mice with dermatitis.NC, BALB/c, ICR and C3H/HeN mice were kept together with NC mice with chronic dermatitis (CNV-NC) for 2 weeks, and the numbers of scratching episodes were counted. NC and BALB/c mice were also kept together with CNV-NC mice for 24 weeks and the skin severity score was assessed. The score was assessed for a further 8 weeks after separation of these mice.The number of scratching episodes in NC, BALB/c, ICR and C3H/HeN mice was increased by cohabitation with CNV-NC mice. Cohabitation with CNV-NC mice led to dermatitis in both NC and BALB/c mice. The number of scratching episodes and the skin severity score in BALB/c mice were about half of those in NC mice. When cohabitation with CNV-NC mice stopped, the number of scratching episodes and the skin severity score decreased in BALB/c mice, but not in NC mice. Changes in the histopathological data of BALB/c mice supported the severity of skin inflammation.Our study demonstrates that scratching behaviour and dermatitis can be induced in various strains of mice by cohabitation with CNV-NC mice, and that cessation of cohabitation leads to a recovery in BALB/c mice but not in NC mice.
Computerized Display of Past Test Results
Authors: William M. Tierney, Clement J. McDONALD, Douglas K. Martin, Siu L. Hui, Michael P. Rogers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Study Objective: To determine the effect of displaying previous results of diagnostic tests on the ordering of selected outpatient tests. Design: Sixteen-week controlled trial with a 13-week preintervention and 8-week post-intervention observation periods. Patients were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups so that each physician was his or her own control. Only scheduled visits were included. Randomization occurred before the pre-intervention observation period. Setting: Academic primary care general medicine clinic affiliated with an urban general hospital. Subjects: Pre-intervention period: 111 physicians (97 internal medicine residents, 14 faculty internists), 4683 patients, 5942 scheduled visits. Intervention period: same 111 physicians, 5946 patients, 8148 visits. Post-intervention period: 76 physicians (62 residents, 14 faculty), 2571 patients, 2858 scheduled visits. Intervention: When physicians ordered one of eight selected diagnostic tests through microcomputer workstations, a window was opened on the screen and previous test results were displayed along with the time interval between the first and last result. Tests were ordered for control patients into the same workstations without previous results displayed. Measurements and Main Results: Previous results of one or more study tests were available for display for 96% of scheduled patients. Significantly lower results (p < 0.05 by paired t-test) for the selected tests were found for scheduled-intervention patient visits than for control visits: charges per visit (mean ± SE) for intervention patients $12. 17 ± 0.62, compared with $13.99 ± 0.77 for controls, a 13.0% difference; tests per visit were 0.51 ± 0.03, compared with 0.56 ± 0.03, an 8.5% difference compared with the preintervention period. The number of study tests ordered during the intervention period decreased significantly for intervention patients (16.8%) and for controls (10.9%). During the post-intervention period, ordering of study tests increased for both groups, but the increase from the intervention period was not significant. Conclusions: Presenting physicians with previous test results reduced the ordering of those tests. The actual effect may have been greater than 13%, because there were reductions in study tests ordered for both intervention and control patients during the intervention period when compared with the pre-intervention period, and both tended to rise after the intervention, or display, was turned off.
Induced hyperammonemia alters neuropsychology, brain MR spectroscopy and magnetization transfer in cirrhosis
Authors: Sherzad Balata, Steven W.M. Olde Damink, Karen Ferguson, Ian Marshall, Peter C. Hayes, Nicolaas E.P. Deutz, Roger Williams, Joanna Wardlaw, Rajiv Jalan
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hyperammonemia is a universal finding after gastrointestinal hemorrhage in cirrhosis. We administered an oral amino acid solution mimicking the hemoglobin molecule to examine neuropsychological changes, brain glutamine levels, and brain magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Forty-eight metabolically stable patients with cirrhosis and no evidence of "overt" hepatic encephalopathy (HE) were randomized to receive 75 g of amino acid solution or placebo; measurements were performed before and 4 hours after administration. Neuropsychological tests included the Trails B Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, memory subtest of the Randt battery, and reaction time. Plasma was collected for ammonia and amino acid measurements, and brain metabolism was studied using proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in the first 16 randomized patients. In 7 other patients, MTR was measured. A significant increase in ammonia levels was observed in the amino acid group (amino acid group, 76 +/- 7.3 to 121 +/- 6.4 micromol/L; placebo, 83 +/- 3.3 to 78 +/- 2.9 micromol/L; P <.001). Neuropsychological function improved significantly in the placebo group, but no significant change in neuropsychological function was observed in the amino acid group. Brain glutamate/glutamine (Glx)/creatine (Cr) ratio increased significantly in the amino acid group. MTR decreased significantly from 30 +/-2.9 to 23 +/- 4 (P <.01) after administration of the amino acid solution. In conclusion, an improvement in neuropsychological test results followed placebo, which was not observed in patients administered the amino acid solution. Induced hyperammonemia resulted in an increase in brain Glx/Cr ratio and a decrease in MTR, which may indicate an increase in brain water as the operative mechanism.
Solitary subungual neurofibroma
Authors: C. Dangoisse, J. Andre, G. De Dobbeleer, J. Van Geertruyden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Solitary subungual neurofibroma Get access C. Dangoisse, C. Dangoisse Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Saint‐Pierre, Brussels, Belgium, Departments of Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Andre, J. Andre Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Saint‐Pierre, Brussels, Belgium, Departments of Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. De Dobbeleer, G. De Dobbeleer Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Erasme, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, BelgiumE‐mail: jvangeer@ulb.ac.be Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Van Geertruyden J. Van Geertruyden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 5, 1 November 2000, Pages 1116–1117, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03875.x Published: 01 November 2000
Endothelin-1 Promotes Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Laura Rosanò, Francesca Spinella, Valeriana Di Castro, Maria Rita Nicotra, Shoukat Dedhar, Antonio Garcia de Herreros, Pier Giorgio Natali, Anna Bagnato
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Despite considerable efforts to improve early detection and advances in chemotherapy, metastatic relapses remain a major challenge in the management of ovarian cancer. The endothelin A receptor (ETAR)/endothelin-1 (ET-1) axis has been shown to have a significant role in ovarian carcinoma by promoting tumorigenesis. Here we show that the ET-1/ETAR autocrine pathway drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian tumor cells by inducing a fibroblastoid and invasive phenotype, down-regulation of E-cadherin, increased levels of β-catenin, Snail, and other mesenchymal markers, and suppression of E-cadherin promoter activity. Activation of ETAR by ET-1 triggers an integrin-linked kinase (ILK)–mediated signaling pathway leading to glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibition, Snail and β-catenin stabilization, and regulation of transcriptional programs that control EMT. Transfection of dominant negative ILK or exposure to an ILK inhibitor suppresses the ET-1-induced phosphorylation of GSK-3β as well as Snail and β-catenin protein stability, activity, and invasiveness, indicating that ET-1/ETAR–induced EMT-promoting effects depend on ILK. ETAR blockade by specific antagonists or reduction by ETAR RNA interference reverses EMT and cell invasion by inhibiting autocrine signaling pathways. In ovarian carcinoma xenografts, ABT-627, a specific ETAR antagonist, suppresses EMT determinants and tumor growth. In human ovarian cancers, ETAR expression is associated with E-cadherin down-regulation, N-cadherin expression, and tumor grade. Collectively, these findings provide evidence of a critical role for the ET-1/ETAR axis during distinct steps of ovarian carcinoma progression and identify novel targets of therapeutic intervention. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(24): 11649-57)
Activity-Dependent Validation of Excitatory versus Inhibitory Synapses by Neuroligin-1 versus Neuroligin-2
Authors: Alexander A. Chubykin, Deniz Atasoy, Mark R. Etherton, Nils Brose, Ege T. Kavalali, Jay R. Gibson, Thomas C. Südhof
Journal: Neuron (2007)
BILATERAL OBSTRUCTION OF THE CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERIES
Authors: F. Juler
Journal: BMJ (1928)

r Xxi)ICAL J ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t M ~~~~~i i `~~~t he rpores and bridged over intervening strands of the stroma.Areas have coalesced in an irregular manner and the appearance of reticulation results, as shown in some of the cells in Fig. 4.All the forms of reticulation described by Brookfield (1928), front the unfragmented reticuluim to the bar form, may be reproduced.Fig. 5 is an example of the bar form.Thie reticulocvtes in Fig. 4 suggest that the next stage .D FiG. 3.-The clumped form of punctate basophii i showlng granules of irregular s11eve.(C< 1,000.)FIG. 4.
THE IMPLANTATION OF STERILIZED ROOTS OF ANIMALS' TEETH CARRYING ARTIFICIAL CROWNS.
Authors: WM. ERNEST WALKER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

It is a deplorable fact that notwithstanding the great advances made in the treatment of the various diseases of the oral cavity, occasionally a tooth is lost in spite of all the best endeavors of the stomatologist to prevent such a calamity. It is therefore very desirable that we should be able to replace such lost organs, and often by other means than plate or bridge-work. I need therefore make no apology for bringing before you the subject of planting teeth. Since the introduction of the operation of implanttation, by Dr. Wm. J. Younger (1885) various substitutes for carrying artificial crowns—as lead capsules, porcelain teeth, double staples of metal reversed, etc., have been tried. The literature on the subject does not indicate any marked degree of success with any of the roots save natural ones. As it is often a difficult matter to obtain a healthy root of a human
High-dose methotrexate is beneficial in parenchymal brain masses of uncertain origin suspicious for primary CNS lymphoma
Authors: Philipp Kiewe, Christoph Loddenkemper, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Mark Reinwald, Eckhard Thiel, Agnieszka Korfel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2007)

In patients with parenchymal brain masses of uncertain origin responsive to corticosteroids, primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) should be considered. PCNSL is a rare but aggressive brain tumor that is highly sensitive to high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX)-based chemotherapy. We report a series of six patients with brain masses without histologic confirmation suspicious for PCNSL based on clinical and radiomorphologic criteria after exclusion of some infectious conditions. All patients were treated with HDMTX. We observed two complete responses, two partial responses, and one stable disease. One patient had progressive disease and received rescue whole-brain irradiation. All patients were alive without disease progression 12-48 months after HDMTX start. No symptoms of late neurotoxicity have occurred so far. The response and survival data in this small series of patients are encouraging and suggest a benefit for patients with suspected PCNSL after initial treatment with HDMTX.
Treatment of Methadone Poisoning
Authors: Edward Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1972)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— The article, Childhood Poisoning by Aronow, Paul, and Woolley (219:321,1972) points out the consequences of loose administration of methadone programs but also points a warning to even carefully run programs. Methadone in small doses is toxic to children. A standard 40 mg Disket would probably induce coma in most nontolerant adults. Most clinics require that medication be kept in locked boxes and they devote some time to informing clinic patients of the extreme danger of methadone overdose to small children.Since this article was submitted for publication, a much more potent and less toxic antagonist has been approved by the FDA. This drug, naloxone, (Narcan, Endo) is used in doses of 0.01 mg/kg of body weight and is much safer than nalorphine. Naloxone carries with it no risk of central nervous system (CNS ) depression induced by the antagonist and can be repeated frequently. It appears to
Risks of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement
Authors: Susan R. Davis, Henry G. Burger
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of adverse drug reactions in intensive care patients by personal intervention based on an electronic clinical decision support system
Authors: Thilo Bertsche, Johannes Pfaff, Petra Schiller, Jens Kaltschmidt, Markus G. Pruszydlo, Wolfgang Stremmel, Ingeborg Walter-Sack, Walter E. Haefeli, Jens Encke
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Causes and prognostic factors of remission induction failure in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin
Authors: Javier de la Serna, Pau Montesinos, Edo Vellenga, Chelo Rayón, Ricardo Parody, Angel León, Jordi Esteve, Juan M. Bergua, Gustavo Milone, Guillermo Debén, Concha Rivas, Marcos González, Mar Tormo, Joaquín Díaz-Mediavilla, Jose D. González, Silvia Negri, Elena Amutio, Salut Brunet, Bob Lowenberg, Miguel A. Sanz
Journal: Blood (2008)
Effect of DNA/liposome mixing ratio on the physicochemical characteristics, cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of plasmid DNA/cationic liposome complexes and subsequent gene expression
Authors: Fuminori Sakurai, Rui Inoue, Yasunobu Nishino, Ayumu Okuda, Osamu Matsumoto, Tooru Taga, Fumiyoshi Yamashita, Yoshinobu Takakura, Mitsuru Hashida
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2000)
Hereditary isolated glucocorticoid deficiency is associated with abnormalities of the adrenocorticotropin receptor gene.
Authors: C Tsigos, K Arai, W Hung, G P Chrousos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Isolated glucocorticoid deficiency (IGD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive primary adrenal insufficiency, without mineralocorticoid deficiency. The cDNA and gene of the human ACTH receptor were recently cloned. The gene encodes a 297-amino acid protein that belongs to the G protein-coupled superfamily of membrane receptors. We hypothesized that the ACTH receptor gene might be defective in IGD. To examine this, we studied its genomic structure by PCR and direct sequencing in a 5-yr-old proband with the disease, his parents, and grandparents. The proband was a compound heterozygote for two different point mutations, one in each allele: (a) a substitution (C-->T), also found in one allele of the mother and maternal grandmother, which introduced a premature stop codon (TGA) at position 201 of the protein; this mutant receptor lacks its entire carboxy-terminal third and, if expressed, should be unable to transduce the signal; and (b) a substitution (C-->G), also found in one of the paternal alleles, which changed neutral serine120 in the apolar third transmembrane domain of the receptor to a positively charged arginine, probably disrupting the ligand-binding site. Standard ovine corticotropin releasing hormone (oCRH) test in the heterozygote parents and maternal grandmother revealed exaggerated and prolonged ACTH responses, suggestive of subclinical resistance to ACTH. We conclude that IGD in this family appears to be due to defects of the ACTH receptor gene. The oCRH test appears to be useful in ascertaining heterozygosity in this syndrome.
Reanalysis of Survival of Oscar Winners
Authors: Steven Goodman, Harold C. Sox
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters5 September 2006Reanalysis of Survival of Oscar WinnersSteven Goodman, MD, PhD, Associate Editor and Harold C. Sox, MD, EditorSteven Goodman, MD, PhD, Associate EditorSearch for more papers by this author and Harold C. Sox, MD, EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-145-5-200609050-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail EDITORS' NOTE:The debate between Sylvestre and colleagues (1) and Redelmeier and Singh shows both the value and limitations of prepublication peer review and underscores the importance of review after publication. The original paper by Redelmeier on the survival of Oscar winners (2) underwent close in-house scrutiny and external methodologic review, which resulted in several new analyses, including the “time-varying covariate” model we discuss here. Because the editors felt that the methodologic issues were subtle, we also took what was at that time a somewhat unusual step to facilitate postpublication review. As a condition of publication, we required the authors ...References1. Sylvestre M, Huszti E, Hanley JA. Do Oscar winners live longer than less successful peers? A reanalysis of the evidence. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:361-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Redelmeier DA, Singh SM. Survival in Academy Award-winning actors and actresses. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:955-62. [PMID: 11352696] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSurvival in Academy Award–Winning Actors and Actresses Donald A. Redelmeier and Sheldon M. Singh Do Oscar Winners Live Longer than Less Successful Peers? A Reanalysis of the Evidence Marie-Pierre Sylvestre , Ella Huszti , and James A. Hanley Reanalysis of Survival of Oscar Winners Donald A. Redelmeier and Sheldon M. Singh Metrics Cited ByAn easy mathematical proof showed that time-dependent bias inevitably leads to biased effect estimation 5 September 2006Volume 145, Issue 5Page: 392-393KeywordsConflicts of interestDustEmotionsHealth services researchLife expectancyPeer reviewRisk managementScientistsSurvival analysis ePublished: 5 September 2006 Issue Published: 5 September 2006 CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cold Stress Provokes Sympathoinhibitory Presyncope in Healthy Subjects and Hemodialysis Patients With Low Cardiac Output
Authors: G. Ligtenberg, P. J. Blankestijn, P. L. Oey, G. H. Wieneke, A. C. van Huffelen, H. A. Koomans
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Sudden hypotension in progressive hypovolemia or during hemodialysis is attributed to sudden inhibition of sympathetic activity. Critical ventricular underfilling seems responsible for this paradox, but it is unknown why the transition from sympathoactivation accompanying hypovolemia to sympathoinhibition is so abrupt. We studied whether brief fluctuation of sympathetic activity induced by cold pressor test (CPT) evokes sympathoinhibition if applied during low cardiac output. Methods and Results Fourteen healthy subjects underwent CPT, lower-body negative pressure (LBNP; −45 mm Hg for 60 minutes), or the combination thereof. CPT alone caused vasoconstriction and increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity, followed by uneventful relaxation. When applied during reduced cardiac output, tachycardia, and vasoconstriction induced by prior LBNP for 6 minutes, CPT again caused vasoconstriction, now followed by acute hypotension in 10 subjects, and was associated with vasorelaxation, relative bradycardia, and fall in muscle sympathetic nerve activity. Eight subjects also experienced acute LBNP-induced hypotension in the absence of CPT, but not until 17±6 minutes of LBNP. We also performed CPT before and in the final phase of hemodialysis in 8 patients. Before dialysis, the patients tolerated CPT uneventfully, but during hemodialysis, CPT provoked acute hypotension in 5 cases, showing similar withdrawal of vasoconstriction. Conclusions This is the first study showing that brief cold stress, tolerated well in normal circulatory conditions, can provoke sudden sympathoinhibition and hypotension when applied during decreased cardiac output induced by LBNP or hemodialysis. We suggest that during conditions of a decreased cardiac output, subtle sympathetic relaxation such as follows cold stress triggers self-enhancing relaxation that cannot be controlled.
John Drew Hamer
Authors: Andrew J Hamer, John W L Fielding
Journal: BMJ (2007)

John developed self taught practical skills early in life building model cars and aeroplanes despite the privations of the war years. By his own admission he was an average scholar but an able sprinter. He was both Warwickshire and Midland Counties 100 yards champion and showed his stamina by regularly cycling more than 100 miles from Nuneaton to visit friends in Lancashire.

He attended Birmingham Medical School meeting …