tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing Soluble TGFβ Receptor II-Fc-mediated Inhibition of Established Bone Metastases: A Safe and Effective Systemic Therapeutic Approach for Breast Cancer
Authors: Zebin Hu, Helen Gerseny, Zhenwei Zhang, Yun-Ju Chen, Arthur Berg, Zhiling Zhang, Stuart Stock, Prem Seth
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

In recent years, oncolytic adenoviruses have shown some promise as a novel class of antitumor agents. However, their utility in targeting bone metastases is relatively less studied. We have examined whether the systemic therapy of oncolytic adenoviruses expressing the soluble form of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) receptor II fused with human immunoglobulin G1 can be developed for the treatment of established breast cancer bone metastases. MDA-MB-231-luc2 human breast cancer cells were injected in the left heart ventricle of nude mice to establish bone metastasis. Mice with hind limb tumors were administered (on days 8 and 11) oncolytic adenoviruses-Ad.sTβRFc or mhTERTAd.sTβRFc. Skeletal tumor growth was monitored weekly by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and radiography. At the termination time on day 28, hind limb bones were analyzed for tumor burden, synchrotron micro-computed tomography, and osteoclast activation. Intravenous delivery of Ad.sTβRFc and mhTERTAd.sTβRFc induced significant inhibition of tumor growth, reduction of tumor burden, osteoclast activation, and increased animals' survival. Oncolytic adenoviruses were safer than dl309, a wild-type virus. A slight elevation of liver enzyme activity was observed after Ad.sTβRFc administration; this subsided with time. Based on these studies, we believe that Ad.sTβRFc and mhTERTAd.sTβRFc can be developed as a safe and effective approach for the treatment of established bone metastasis.
Treatment of Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Robert McMillan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 October 1997Treatment of Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenic PurpuraRobert McMillan, MDRobert McMillan, MDScripps Clinic and Research Foundation; La Jolla, CA 92037Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-7-199710010-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:To my knowledge, no prognostic factors predict successful or poor outcomes after accessory splenectomy. I would suspect that patients with large splenic remnants or who have late relapses after splenectomy would be more likely to respond to accessory splenectomy, but these suspicions are not based on any data. I would also suspect that the response rate of 57%, as calculated by Dr. Kao, is high because reports of successful outcomes to treatment are more likely to be published than those of unsuccessful ones. In any case, I believe that accessory spleens should be removed (unless there are medical ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert McMillan, MDAffiliations: Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation; La Jolla, CA 92037 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 7Page: 572KeywordsHemorrhageIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraImmune responseMorbidityMortalityPatientsPlateletsSpleenSplenectomyTransplantation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
HEREDITARY FORM OF PRIMARY PARENCHYMATOUS ATROPHY OF THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX ASSOCIATED WITH MENTAL DETERIORATION
Authors: Andrew J. Akelaitis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1938)

In a family traced through three successive generations five members were afflicted with symptoms of ataxia and mental deterioration of varying degree. The children of three of the sibs of the third generation are in good health. The age of onset was between 40 and 50 years. The course of the disease was rapidly progressive and death occurred within two years of onset. Case 1.—Gradual onset of a slight difficulty in speaking and swallowing appeared at the age of 40, two years before death. One year later developed diplopia and blurring of vision which subsequently disappeared. Six months before death, onset of difficulty of gait which steadily increased so that three months before death he was unable to walk without assistance. Two months before death incoordination of right arm was noticed. At this time he became somewhat untidy in his personal habits and was subject to occasional periods of confusion. On admission to the Strong Memorial Hospital he presented evidence of marked cerebellar disturbance. Four days after an exploratory craniotomy the patient died. Pathological examination revealed no gross atrophy of the cerebral cortex but microscopic study showed a diffuse involvement of the nerve cells in third and fifth layers of the frontal cortex and to a less degree of the parietal cortex. In the cerebellum, no gross atrophy was found. Microscopically, an elective destruction of Purkinje cells with preservation of the basket fibers was found. These changes were most marked in the superior vermis and to a less extent in the corresponding portions of the hemispheres, namely, the vinculum lingulæ, ala lobule centralis and the lobulus quadrangularis. The spinal cord was normal. Case 2.—Onset of an agitated depression and awkwardness of movements at the age of 50, one year before death. Six months later developed weakness, a difficulty in speech, and some dysphagia. Four months before death onset of mental symptoms, suggestive of organic brain disease, and an ataxic gait. Rapid progression of symptoms during the last two months of life. Following admission to the Rochester State Hospital temporary improvement occurred but patient died of pneumonia. Pathological examination revealed a gross atrophy of the frontal and parietal lobes. Microscopic study of the cerebral cortex showed similar changes as in Case I, except that they were more marked. The cerebellum showed no atrophy grossly. Microscopically, the changes were similar to that found in Case I, except that the process was more acute.
345. Hematopoietic Stem-Progenitor Cells Express CD52 mRNA and Membrane Protein
Authors: Sebastien Morisot, Robert W. Georgantas, Curt I. Civin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The gene expression profile of human hematopoietic stem- progenitor cells (HSPCs) has been studied by several groups. Among the molecules differentially over-expressed in HSPCs, cell membrane proteins are of high interest, as they might allow enhanced identification and purification of HSPC subpopulations, as well as provide further insight into functional mechanisms. Based our own transcriptomic analyses of HSPCs and meta-analysis of similar studies by others (Georgantas, Cancer Research, 2004), we identified several known cell membrane genes that were over-expressed at the mRNA level in the CD34+/[CD38/Lin]lo (HSC-enriched), as compared to the CD34+/[CD38/Lin]hi (HSC-depleted, HPC-enriched), cell subset. We then used available monoclonal antibodies and multicolorflow cytometry to investigate the expression of these molecules, at the membrane protein level, on immunophenotype-defined CD34+ cell subsets from cord blood, bone marrow, and G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood. In contrast to the transcriptomic results, neither CD37, CD110, Trail, nor Robo4 proteins were differentially over-expressed on the cell membranes of CD34+/[CD38/Lin]lo, as compared to the CD34+/[CD38/Lin]hi cells. Of the membrane molecules we tested (all of 5 of which were differentially expressed at the transcript level), only CD52 was found to be over-expressed on the cell membranes of CD34+/[CD38/Lin]lo cells. Using flow cytometry, all CD34+/[CD38/ Lin]lo cells were CD52+, whereas only ∼50% of the CD34+/[CD38/ Lin]hi cells were CD52+. The FACS-sorted CD34+/CD52+ cell subset contained in vitro colony-forming cells, although the CD34+/CD52− cell subset contained a 2.5-fold higher frequency. The CD34+/CD52+ subset was also able to generate human cell engraftment in immuno- compromised NOD/SCID-IL2γnull mice. In summary, our data show that CD37, CD110, Robo4, TRAIL are not suitable markers for the monoclonal antibody-basedidentification/isolation of HSCs. However, CD52 is expressed on some cells with colony-forming and NOD/SCID-engrafting capacities, both at the mRNA and membrane protein level. It is not clear how to reconcile the expression of CD52 of HSPCs with the considerable existing laboratory and clinical information that CD52 has not been found to cause myelosuppression, when used for marrow purging and for in vivo treatment of bone marrow transplant patients. The Johns Hopkins University holds patents on CD34 monoclonal antibodies and inventions related to stem cells. Dr. Civin is entitled to a share of the sales royalty received by the University under licensing agreements between the University, Becton Dickinson Corporation and Baxter HealthCare Corporation. The terms of this arrangement are being managed by the Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.
Test, episode, and programme sensitivities of screening for colorectal cancer as a public health policy in Finland: experimental design
Authors: N. Malila, T. Oivanen, O. Malminiemi, M. Hakama
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objectives</b> To report the sensitivities of the faecal occult blood test, screening episode, and screening programme for colorectal cancer and the benefits of applying a randomised design at the implementation phase of a new public health policy. <b>Design</b> Experimental design incorporated in public health evaluation using randomisation at individual level in the target population. <b>Setting</b> 161 of the 431 Finnish municipalities in 2004-6. <b>Participants</b> 106 000 adults randomised to screening or control arms. In total, 52 998 adults aged 60-64 in the screening arm received faecal occult blood test kits. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Test, episode, and programme sensitivities estimated by the incidence method and corrected for selective attendance and overdiagnosis. <b>Results</b> The response for screening was high overall (70.8%), and significantly better in women (78.1%) than in men (63.3%). The incidence of cancer in the controls was somewhat higher in men than in women (103 <i>v</i> 93 per 100 000 person years), which was not true for interval cancers (42 <i>v</i> 49 per 100 000 person years). The sensitivity of the faecal occult blood test was 54.6%. Only a few interval cancers were detected among those with positive test results, hence the episode sensitivity of 51.3% was close to the test sensitivity. At the population level the sensitivity of the programme was 37.5%. <b>Conclusions</b> Although relatively low, the sensitivity of screening for colorectal cancer with the faecal occult blood test in Finland was adequate. An experimental design is a prerequisite for evaluation of such a screening programme because the effectiveness of preventing deaths is likely to be small and results may otherwise remain inconclusive. Thus, screening for colorectal cancer using any primary test modality should be launched in a public health programme with randomisation of the target population at the implementation phase.
Noseclips in children performing spirometry
Authors: E. Carter
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Noseclips in children performing spirometryTo the Editor: CHAVASSE et al. [1] evaluated the use of noseclips in children performing spirometry.They found that there was no clear benefit of using noseclips in children performing open-circuit spirometry.They also stated that their literature search found no studies addressing this issue.However, in 1997 our group published a similar study, which also showed no clear benefit with noseclips [2].We randomised 80 adults and 81 children (59 with asthma, 12 with cystic fibrosis, and 22% with airways obstruction) to perform forced expiratory spirometry with and without noseclips.We found no significant differences between values obtained with noseclips versus without noseclips.When we performed a Medline search, using noseclips as the keyword, our study was not identified.Apparently the journal in which it was published, Respiratory Care, was not included in Medline until the year 2000.Thus, there are at least two studies rather than one that indicate that the routine use of noseclips is not necessary in children performing routine spirometry.
Novel secreted isoform of adhesion molecule ICAM-4: potential regulator of membrane-associated ICAM-4 interactions
Authors: Gloria Lee, Frances A. Spring, Stephen F. Parsons, Tosti J. Mankelow, Luanne L. Peters, Mark J. Koury, Narla Mohandas, David J. Anstee, Joel Anne Chasis
Journal: Blood (2003)
Repeatability of measurements of normal lung sounds.
Authors: M Mahagnah, N Gavriely
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The stability of lung sounds measurements over time may influence their clinical usefulness. In the present study we investigated the temporal variability of the spectral pattern of normal lung sounds. Breath sounds from five healthy men were recorded on the trachea and at four locations over the chest wall. Each subject was studied twice with a time interval of 1 wk. On each occasion, measurements were done in duplicate, with a 30-min interval between recordings. Sounds were amplified, band-pass filtered (75 to 2,000 Hz) and digitized into a computer, and the average spectra of the inspiratory, expiratory, and background sounds were calculated. The variability of corresponding spectra were calculated between the daily duplicate (same-day variability, SDV) and between the two recording sessions (between-day variability, BDV). SDV was 32.8 +/- 12.0% during inspiration and 40.8 +/- 12.6% during expiration (p = 0.005). BDV was 36.9 +/- 11.3% during inspiration and 42.7 +/- 12.7% during expiration. These values were not significantly different from SDV except for sounds recorded from the interscapular region (SR). At this location the SDV was 28.2 +/- 7.2% during inspiration and 40.8 +/- 14.2% during expiration, and the BDV was 48.2 +/- 18.7% during inspiration and 77.6 +/- 22.3% during expiration (p < 0.05). The increased BDV at SR was found to be a result of slight differences in microphone position from the first session to the next. Similar changes in microphone position at the other recording sites did not alter the variability of lung sounds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Influenza: vaccination and treatment
Authors: I. Stephenson, K.G. Nicholson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

Few conditions exert such an enormous toll of absenteeism, suffering, medical consultations, hospitalization, death and economic loss as influenza. Patients at high risk of complications and mortality include the elderly and those with pre-existing cardiopulmonary disease. The outbreak in 1997 in Hong Kong, of avian H5N1 influenza in man, which resulted in six deaths among 18 hospitalized cases, and the recent isolation of H9N2 viruses from two children in Hong Kong, are reminders that preparation must be made for the next pandemic. Since the 1970s, efforts to control influenza have mostly focussed on the split product and surface antigen vaccines. These vaccines are of proven efficacy in healthy adults and are effective in elderly people with and without medical conditions putting them at high risk of complications and death following influenza infection. However, vaccine coverage is patchy and often low, and outbreaks of influenza are not uncommon in well-immunized residents of nursing homes. New vaccines and methods of vaccine delivery are being developed in attempts to overcome the limitations of existing vaccines. The antiviral drugs amantadine and rimantadine were developed in the 1960s, but have not been used widely due to their spectrum of activity, rapid emergence of resistance, and adverse effects associated with amantadine. The site of enzyme activity of the influenza neuraminidase is highly conserved between types, subtypes and strains of influenza and has emerged as the target of an exciting new class of antiviral agents that are effective both prophylactically and as therapy.
Propranolol and Digoxin Intoxication
Authors: D. A. L. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1968)

infection with a National Health Service certificate in case of the vague possibility that activity at work would worsen his condition.Surely the conclusions of Dr. Price and his colleagues justify the action taken by the doctor in the case in question, and are very strong arguments in his defence.-Iam, etc., Brierfield, H. C
Hypersensitivity reactions to human papillomavirus vaccine in Australian schoolgirls: retrospective cohort study
Authors: L. W. Kang, N. Crawford, M. L K Tang, J. Buttery, J. Royle, M. Gold, C. Ziegler, P. Quinn, S. Elia, S. Choo
Journal: BMJ (2008)

To describe the outcomes of clinical evaluation, skin testing, and vaccine challenge in adolescent schoolgirls with suspected hypersensitivity to the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine introduced in Australian schools in 2007.Retrospective cohort study.Two tertiary paediatric allergy centres in Victoria and South Australia, Australia.35 schoolgirls aged 12 to 18.9 years with suspected hypersensitivity reactions to the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine.Clinical review and skin prick and intradermal testing with the quadrivalent vaccine and subsequent challenge with the vaccine.35 schoolgirls with suspected hypersensitivity to the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine were notified to the specialised immunisation services in 2007, after more than 380 000 doses had been administered in schools. Of these 35 schoolgirls, 25 agreed to further evaluation. Twenty three (92%) experienced reactions after the first dose. Thirteen (52%) experienced urticaria or angio-oedema, and of these, two experienced anaphylaxis. Thirteen had generalised rash, one with angio-oedema. The median time to reaction was 90 minutes. Nineteen (76%) underwent skin testing with the quadrivalent vaccine: all were skin prick test negative and one was intradermal test positive. Eighteen (72%) were subsequently challenged with the quadrivalent vaccine and three (12%) elected to receive the bivalent vaccine. Seventeen tolerated the challenge and one reported limited urticaria four hours after the vaccine had been administered. Only three of the 25 schoolgirls were found to have probable hypersensitivity to the quadrivalent vaccine.True hypersensitivity to the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in Australian schoolgirls was uncommon and most tolerated subsequent doses.
It's good not to talk
Authors: Liam Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2012)

“Mr X doesn’t talk to patients,” she said.

Joe had been having some problems, but was unable to contact his consultant. So I’d rung Mr X’s secretary.

“Pardon?” I said, wondering if I had heard properly. Or was this the ultimate expression of keyhole surgery; doctor and patient shouting through the keyhole at each other?

“Mr X doesn’t talk to patients,” she repeated, like Browning’s wise thrush, which “sings each song twice over, / Lest you think he never …
Non-Invasive Methods in Cardiology
Authors: Massimo Calabresi
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This book originates from a course on phonographic and mechanographic methods in cardiology (1973). Discussions among the faculty, self-assessment exercises and other "noninvasive" procedures are also included. The criteria adopted in the choice of these techniques are not explained. For instance, as noted by Luisada, the kymographic methods (radarkymography), are not even mentioned; yet contrast cardiography and echocardiography focus in part on motion of limited segments of the endocardial surface. "Vibrocardiography" comprises a broad enough and wellcircumscribed area: it would have been better to limit the content of this text to vibrographic methods. These methods are not new. Much is new, however, in knowledge and in techniques; also, the need for objectivity is unquestionable. There is good reason then for offering to nonspecialists an opportunity for learning and training. I doubt however that a faculty of strict specialists— frequently committed investigators— is the best vehicle for this purpose; even more,
Epidural Hematoma from Lumbar Puncture
Authors: SANFORD E. WARREN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1978Epidural Hematoma from Lumbar PunctureSANFORD E. WARRENSANFORD E. WARRENSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-431_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The short article by Laglia and colleagues, "Spinal Epidural Hematoma after Lumbar Puncture in Liver Disease" (1), publicizes a clinical problem one often encounters in obtunded alcoholic patients with abnormalities of hemostasis and coagulation: namely, assessment of risk with spinal puncture. After exclusion of increased intracranial pressure (such as due to a subdural hematoma) by funduscopic examination and, if focal neurologic signs are present, of a mass lesion by diagnostic radiography, spinal puncture is both indicated and safely performed in most cases. Laglia and associates make recommendations they believe will minimize the risk of hemorrhage in this...References1. LAGLIA A, EISENBERG R, WEINSTEIN P, and MANI R: Spinal epidural hematoma after lumbar puncture in liver disease. Ann Intern Med 88:515-516, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. LERNER S, GUTTERMAN P, and JENKINS F: Epidural hematoma and paraplegia after numerous lumbar punctures. Anesthesiology 39:550-551, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DULAC O, AICARDI J, LEPINTRE J, and JARRIAU P: Hematome epi-dural intra-rachidien apres ponction lombaire. Arch Fr Pediatr 32:77-80, 1975 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: SANFORD E. WARRENAffiliations: MC USNR Naval Regional Medical Center San Diego, CA 92134 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOrthopedics 1 September 1978Volume 89, Issue 3Page: 431-431KeywordsAlcoholicsDiagnostic radiologyHemorrhageHemostasisLesionsLiver diseasesLumbar puncture ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE EFFECTS OF PERICARDITIS ON THE HEART.
Authors: N. S. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The few minutes allotted to me make it impossible to do more than point out the most important effects of pericarditis on the heart and their significance. This subject, however, is not unimportant, for the lesions of pericarditis are, much oftener than they should be, undetected by practitioners. Chronic pericarditis or pericardial adhesions rarely can be detected; fibrinous pericarditis should be in a large majority of cases, but I am sure is not, and pericarditis with liquid effusion ought to be recognized always. These lesions are overlooked especially because they are secondary in almost all cases to an infection which produces other symptoms that are the most striking and hold the attention of the patient and physician. Whenever the visceral pericardium is inflamed deeply, the muscle beneath is involved also. However, it is rare that the myocardium is greatly weakened by an acute pericarditis. Moreover, pericarditis is usually not general
Common chronic atrial flutter differs from common paroxysmal atrial flutter regarding right atrial both electrophysiological and anatomical characteristics
Authors: A. Da Costa, T. Chalvidan, S. Mourot, J.C. Deharo, C. Romeyer, E. Faure, M. Lamaud, A. Cerisier, P. Djiane, K. Isaaz
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)