tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The SK2-long isoform directs synaptic localization and function of SK2-containing channels
Authors: Duane Allen, Chris T Bond, Rafael Luján, Carmen Ballesteros-Merino, Mike T Lin, Kang Wang, Nathan Klett, Masahiko Watanabe, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Robert W Stackman Jr, James Maylie, John P Adelman
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2011)
Local and Systemic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis
Authors: Franklin H. Epstein, Lawrence G. Raisz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

OSTEOPOROSIS is defined as a decrease in bone mass and strength leading to an increase in fractures, particularly of the vertebral bodies, proximal femur, and distal radius. According to this definition, the disorder must exist before the fracture occurs, but at present we cannot reliably diagnose osteoporosis before a fracture. Moreover, most hip and wrist fractures occur after a fall, and if there is no trauma the osteoporosis may never become clinically apparent. Even in vertebral crush fractures, which usually occur with little or no trauma, the defect in bone mass and strength may exist for years before fracture occurs. . . .
P(D/H), P(D/˜H), and base rate consideration
Authors: Yechiel Klar
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Failure to consider base rate is regarded as potentially hazardous, mainly because its consideration is assumed to be determined solely by P(H/D), the probability of the individuating data if the hypothesis is true, and not at all by P(D/˜H), the probability if the hypothesis is false. However, when P(D/˜H) is unconfounded from P(D/H), it turns out to be the stronger determinant of base rate consideration.
Collagenases and cracks in the plaque
Authors: Peter Libby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The core of an atheromatous plaque contains lipids, macrophages, and cellular debris, typically covered by a fibrous cap that separates the thrombogenic core from the blood. Rupture of the fibrous cap causes most fatal myocardial infarctions. Interstitial collagen confers tensile strength on the cap, as it does in skin and tendons. In 1994, Peter Libby and colleagues demonstrated overexpression of collagenolytic enzymes in atheromatous plaques and implicated MMPs in the destabilization of these lesions.
Doctors' Marriages: A Look at the Problems and Their Solutions
Authors: Julia Bess Frank
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<b>Medical Marriages,</b>edited by Glen O. Gabbard and Roy W. Menninger, 181 pp, $28.95, Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press Inc, 1988. The traditional "doctor's marriage" in which the wife uncomplainingly takes on all the tasks of home and family so that the (white, male) physician can go to any length to pursue his career is almost a cultural archetype, one as relevant to contemporary family life as "Leave It to Beaver." The structure of American marriage has changed rapidly in the past 20 years, almost as rapidly as the composition of the medical profession. More than 30% of young physicians and physicians in training are women, a substantial proportion are from racial or ethnic minorities, and an uncounted number are gay or lesbian. In their marriages and other relationships, all physicians must reconcile the competing values, expectations, and demands of medicine with those of their upbringing and social group. Relatively
The upper airway response to pollen is enhanced by exposure to combustion particulates: a pilot human experimental challenge study.
Authors: Russ Hauser, Timothy M Rice, G G Krishna Murthy, Matt P Wand, Daniel Lewis, Toni Bledsoe, Joseph Paulauskis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Although human experimental studies have shown that gaseous pollutants enhance the inflammatory response to allergens, human data on whether combustion particulates enhance the inflammatory response to allergen are limited. Therefore, we conducted a human experimental study to investigate whether combustion particulates enhance the inflammatory response to aeroallergens. "Enhancement" refers to a greater-than-additive response when combustion particulates are delivered with allergen, compared with the responses when particulates and allergen are delivered alone. Eight subjects, five atopic and three nonatopic, participated in three randomized exposure-challenge sessions at least 2 weeks apart (i.e., clean air followed by allergen, particles followed by no allergen, or particles followed by allergen). Each session consisted of nasal exposure to combustion particles (target concentration of 1.0 mg/m3) or clean air for 1 hr, followed 3 hr later by challenge with whole pollen grains or placebo. Nasal lavage was performed immediately before particle or clean air exposure, immediately after exposure, and 4, 18 and 42 hr after pollen challenge. Cell counts, differentials, and measurement of cytokines were performed on each nasal lavage. In atopic but not in nonatopic subjects, when allergen was preceded by particulates, there was a significant enhancement immediately after pollen challenge in nasal lavage leukocytes and neutrophils (29.7 X 10(3) cells/mL and 25.4 X 10(3) cells/mL, respectively). This represents a 143% and 130% enhancement, respectively. The enhanced response for interleukin-4 was 3.23 pg/mL (p = 0.06), a 395% enhancement. In atopic subjects there was evidence of an enhanced response when particulates, as compared to clean air, preceded the allergen challenge.
Use of a Patient-triggered Intermittent Positive-pressure Respirator in Respiratory Paralysis
Authors: N. P. S. Gunaratna
Journal: BMJ (1965)

inferior to mustine in the treatment of inoperable cases of lung cancer, though Bond et al. (1964) suggest that owing to a sensory neurotoxic effect ethoglucid may be of special value for relieving pain.It may also prove to have advantages when given intra-arterially (Bond et al., 1964; Bailey et al., 1964). SummaryPatients with inoperable lung cancer who had dyspnoea, dysphagia, or mediastinal-compression syndrome were allrcated at random to treatment with ethoglucid 200-250 mg./kg. in a single intravenous dose or mustine 0.5 mg./kg.similarly given.Thirty-one patients were treated with each agent.Ethoglucid produced much the same immediate symptomatic relief as mustine, but benefit was more ephemeral and radiological improvement less frequent.Immediate reactions from the drugs were of comparable frequency and severity and neither drug caused side-effects from bone-marrow depression.Intravenous ethoglucid (200-250 mg./kg.) was therefore less effective than intravenous mustine (0.5 mg./kg.), and had no compensating advantages.
Lethal Air Embolism From Plastic Blood-Storage Container
Authors: Allen E. Yeakel
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A 50-year-old man suffered lethal air embolism during a carotid endarterectomy performed with the patient under general anesthesia. The embolized air probably gained access to a plastic blood bag when the administration set which drained the bag was changed<i>during</i>transfusion. The air entering a blood bag during venting was measured as a function of the volume of blood remaining. The greatest volume of air measured was 136 ml which was entrapped in a bag holding 200 ml of blood.
PRACTICAL DIFFICULTIES OF PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICS.
Authors: G. V. I. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Last year, in a paper before this Section, I gave somewhat in detail a description of the various states of disordination accountable for psychic phenomena, designated by a variety of terms, significant for the present purpose by the possibility of their utilization in the department of therapeutics, and with this end in view I also cited a number of cases, illustrating beneficial results obtained in widely different affections by fixation of attention and suggestive therapeutics. At this time, therefore, I desire to eliminate discussion of elements of doubt and skepticism, together with confusion of terms and difficulties of definition that lead away from the practical side of the subject, and deal as directly as possible with the difficulties some nine years' experience have shown me must often be overcome to successfully administer this treatment. In view of the fact that more or less wonderful cures have been effected through mental
Cough and Bronchial Responsiveness in Firefighters at the World Trade Center Site
Authors: David J. Prezant, Michael Weiden, Gisela I. Banauch, Georgeann McGuinness, William N. Rom, Thomas K. Aldrich, Kerry J. Kelly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Workers from the Fire Department of New York City were exposed to a variety of inhaled materials during and after the collapse of the World Trade Center. We evaluated clinical features in a series of 332 firefighters in whom severe cough developed after exposure and the prevalence and severity of bronchial hyperreactivity in firefighters without severe cough classified according to the level of exposure.
Newly Licensed Hepatitis B Vaccine
Authors: Robert J. Gerety
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE RECENTLY licensed subunit hepatitis B vaccine (HEPATAVAX-B) is unique among vaccines in that it is manufactured solely from human plasma obtained from asymptomatic individuals with chronic hepatitis B. Plasma from donors selected for manufacturing this vaccine contains high concentrations of noninfectious hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles and lower concentrations of infectious hepatitis B virus (HBV). The ratio of HBsAg to HBV can be as great as 10,000:1.<sup>1</sup>From the starting plasma, 22-nm spherical HBsAg particles are separated from HBV by ultracentrifugation. The 22-nm particles are then further purified by digestion with pepsin followed by the addition of 8M urea. Finally, the vaccine is treated with formaldehyde. <h3>Vaccine Plasma Donors</h3> Vaccine plasma donors are selected for their high titers of HBsAg. By federal regulation, they must be asymptomatic and in apparent good health.<sup>2</sup>They must meet all federal requirements for acceptable plasmapheresis donors, except that their serum
Accumulation of lysophosphoglycerides with arrhythmogenic properties in ischemic myocardium.
Authors: B E Sobel, P B Corr, A K Robison, R A Goldstein, F X Witkowski, M S Klein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Lysophosphoglycerides, products of membrane phospholipid catabolism known to influence membrane function in several systems, appeared in the effluents of anoxic isolated rabbit hearts perfused at low flow and accumulated in perfused hearts and myocardium rendered ischemic in situ. Comparable concentrations of lysophosphoglycerides bound to albumin markedly and reversibly altered action potentials of isolated canine Purkinje fibers in vitro. Changes induced included diminution of the maximum diastolic potential, peak dV/dt of phase zero, amplitude, and action potential duration--alterations resembling those seen in ischemic myocardium in vivo. These electrophysiological alterations are compatible with changes implicated in predisposing to dysrhythmia dependent on reentry, a phenomenon potentiated by the presence of zones of decreased conduction. Thus, accumulation of lysophosphoglycerides induced by ischemia may contribute to the genesis of malignant dysrhythmia early after its onset.
Effect of adenovirus serotype 5 fiber and penton modifications on in vivo tropism in rats
Authors: Campbell G. Nicol, Delyth Graham, William H. Miller, Stephen J. White, Theodore A.G. Smith, Stuart A. Nicklin, Susan C. Stevenson, Andrew H. Baker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Sequestration of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) in liver restricts its use for gene delivery to other target sites in vivo. To date, no studies have systematically assessed the impact of genetic capsid modifications on in vivo tropism in rats, an important preclinical model for many disease types. We evaluated a panel of Ad5 vectors with capsid mutations or pseudotyped with the short fiber from serotype 41 (Ad41s) for infectivity in Wistar Kyoto rats in vitro and systemically in vivo. In vitro studies demonstrated that both coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) binding were predominant predictors of Ad5 tropism. In vivo, neither CAR nor integrin mutations alone affected liver transduction. The HSPG-binding mutation alone moderately reduced rat liver transgene levels by 2-fold (P < 0.05). This was further substantially decreased by additional mutation of CAR binding (95-fold). Combining CAR and integrin mutations reduced transgene levels by >99% (509-fold, P < 0.01), an effect not observed in parallel experiments in mice and highly variable when studied further in an additional two strains of rat. Ad41s mediated very low liver transduction (58-fold lower than AdCTL). Moreover, CAR-binding mutants (KO1-containing) or pseudotyping 41s eliminated hemagglutination of rat and human red blood cells in vitro. This highlights some important potential species and strain differences dictating Ad5 tropism in vivo and identifies vectors that are substantially detargeted from rat liver in vivo.
Reply to I.E. Haines
Authors: Patricia A. Ganz, Laura A. Levit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

We thank Haines 1 for recognizing that the recommendations made in the recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) report 2 and described in our JCO commentary 3 are highly relevant to the delivery of cancer care in many Western countries, including Australia.Although our report was focused specifically on the United States and some of the unique challenges related to our health system, many of our key recommendations regarding patient-centered care, integration of psychosocial support and palliative care into mainstream oncology care, care planning, and a focus on evidence-based care clearly resonated with this correspondent.Cancer care is exceedingly complex and a challenge to deliver well.The human and financial burdens of cancer treatment are substantial.As we move forward in implementing the recommendations of the IOM report in the United States, clinicians and researchers from the global oncology community can participate in the development and evaluation of effective strategies to improve the quality of cancer care.
States step in for stem cell research
Authors: Laurie Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

In the late 1930s, Joseph Stalin favored the neo-Lamarckian theories of Trofim Lysenko and created policies to suppress Mendelian genetic studies in the Soviet Union. This repressive situation caused many of the top Soviet geneticists to emigrate to other countries, including Theodosius Dobzhansky, one of the most influential geneticists of the twentieth century, who came to the United States. The Soviet Union, a previously world-renowned scientific center for genetics, was subsequently relegated to relative scientific obscurity for the next several decades.
Successful pulmonary resection after spontaneous haemopneumothorax in the Eisenmenger syndrome
Authors: J Au, S P Cusack, W S Walker
Journal: Thorax (1991)

In an unusual case of the Eisenmenger syndrome, in which pulmonary infarction was complicated by life threatening intrapleural haemorrhage and pneumothorax, lobectomy was carried out successfully to arrest the haemorrhage.
Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Calvin L. Strand
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Two separate outbreaks of Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract infections (UTIs) were associated with cystoscopy or transurethral prostate resection. The first outbreak was identified after routine bacteremia surveillance demonstrated four cases of P aeruginosa septicemia in a three-month period. A six-month retrospective review of the microbiology records identified 14 cases of P aeruginosa UTI associated with urologic surgery instrumentation. The outbreak terminated after the implementation of two major control measures: (1) replacement of hexachlorophene solution with an iodophor solution for preparing patients and cleaning instruments before disinfection, and (2) weekly gas sterilization of cystoscopy instruments. The second outbreak, consisting of 11 cases of P aeruginosa UTI after transurethral resection of the prostate gland, occurred in a 187-bed community hospital. All available patient isolates were serotype 011, and culture of a rubber adaptor attached to the resectoscope also yielded growth of that serotype. The outbreak promptly terminated when the rubber adaptor was sterilized between cases.
Measurement of human luteinizing hormone in plasma by radioimmunoassay
Authors: Don S. Schalch, Albert F. Parlow, Robert C. Boon, Seymour Reichlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The recent isolation of highly purified human pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) has permitted the development of a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for this hormone in plasma. Results of this immunoassay system employing anti-LH serum agree closely with previous reports for the measurement of plasma LH in which immunoassays employing cross-reactive antisera to human chorionic gonadotropin were used. The immunoassay and bioassay of LH in several crude and partially purified pituitary and urinary extracts show acceptable agreement. The sensitivity of the LH immunoassay (0.2 mμg/ml) is adequate to measure LH levels in almost half of all prepuberal children and in all but a few normal adults. A small, but significant, rise in plasma LH level occurs at pubescence in both boys and girls. In women, plasma LH level varies with both age and the phase of the menstrual cycle. The mean LH concentration in nine normal women during the follicular phase (1.2 mμg/ml was found to be significantly higher than during the luteal phase (1.0 mμg/ml). At midcycle, the mean peak LH level was 10.2 mμg/ml. In a large group of normal women, the mean plasma LH concentration rose significantly at menopause to a level of 5.8 mμg/ml during the fifth decade and 10.5 mμg/ml during the seventh decade. A small, but significant, rise in plasma LH concentration also occurred in men from the third and fourth decades (0.7 mμg/ml to the seventh and eighth decades (1.7 mμg/ml). Both estrogen and testosterone suppress plasma LH levels, but marked variation in response exists. The immunoassay serves as a useful diagnostic tool in evaluating men with gonadal failure, amenorrheic women of reproductive age, and postmenopausal women suspected of hypopituitarism. From the half-time disappearance of LH-131I in plasma (mean 69 min) and the calculated volume of distribution (2.5-2.8 liters) it has been determined that approximately 30 μg of LH is secreted per day in men, and in women except at midcycle, at which time the release of LH is estimated to be 10-15 times this basal rate.
PD4-1-2: Incorporation of bevacizumab (B) and erlotinib (Er) with induction (I) and concurrent (C) carboplatin (Cb)/paclitaxel (P) and 74 Gy of thoracic radiotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS): preliminary report of a phase I/II trial
Authors: Mark A. Socinski, David E. Morris, Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Jan S. Halle, Dominic T. Moore, Maureen T. Tynan, Monica A. Siegel, Julian G. Rosenman
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Avoiding injuries caused by pigs.
Authors: P. Garner
Journal: BMJ (1989)

observers may not be so convinced.Users are advised to abandon treatment after a year if there is insufficient regrowth.3On stopping treatment all the new hair falls out, so once started treatment needs to be continued for life.4A month's treatment currently costs £30 (private prescription charge).'Except for the few who consider ample scalp hair essential for their work or self esteem, young men are best advised to come to terms with their hair loss.Time spent-on reassuring patients that their natural hair loss is not the social disaster that they believe and on explaining the problems and cost of treatments-is well worth while.It may save the patient much trouble, anxiety, and money.
Duende and the Presence of Two Poets
Authors: David Riedel
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Triglyceride Levels in Sons of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Scott M. Grundy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Editorials15 October 1994Triglyceride Levels in Sons of Patients with Coronary Artery DiseaseScott M. Grundy, MD, PhDScott M. Grundy, MD, PhDUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; Dallas, TX 75235-9052Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-8-199410150-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail In this issue, the report by Uiterwaal and colleagues [1] indicates that healthy young sons of fathers with established coronary artery disease have a greater postprandial triglyceride response than do sons of fathers without this disease. This finding appears to be the result of a carefully conducted study, and although the difference in responses between the two groups is not great, it is statistically significant. Two alternative explanations could account for the difference in response in the two types of offspring: The difference could be either acquired or genetic. Both possibilities must be considered.An acquired difference might be one ...References1. Uiterwaal CS, Grobbee DE, Witteman JC, van Stiphout WA, Krauss XH, Havekes LM, et al. Postprandial triglyceride response in young adult men and familial risk for coronary atherosclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:576-83. Google Scholar2. Grundy SM, Vega GL. Two different views of the relationship of hypertriglyceridemia to coronary heart disease: implications for treatment. Arch Intern Med. 1992; 152:28-34. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; Dallas, TX 75235-9052 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPostprandial Triglyceride Response in Young Adult Men and Familial Risk for Coronary Atherosclerosis Cuno S. P. M. Uiterwaal , Diederick E. Grobbee , Jacqueline C. M. Witteman , Willy-Anne H. J. van Stiphout , Xeno H. Krauss , Louis M. Havekes , Anthony M. de Bruijn , Arie van Tol , and Albert Hofman Metrics 15 October 1994Volume 121, Issue 8Page: 614-615KeywordsCholesterolDietDyslipidemiaGenetic diseasesGeneticsHabitsLipoproteinsLow density lipoproteinMyocardial infarctionStable coronary artery disease Issue Published: 15 October 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...