tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Leprosy after starting antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Stephen D Lawn, Diana N J Lockwood
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Recent media reports have highlighted a “startling and worrisome new link” between antiretroviral treatment and leprosy.1 Some people infected with HIV who have started such treatment in countries where leprosy is endemic have developed florid leprosy lesions in the initial months of treatment. What underlies these unusual manifestations and do they have implications for the control of leprosy?
Aborted Crib Death?
Authors: Leland Speer
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> These two cases may shed light on the serious problem of sudden, unexpected deaths in infancy (crib or cot death). They deal with twin boys who were two months old at the time. Early on the morning of Nov 29, 1970, the mother had the twins in bed with her and her hand resting on the chest of one of the infants. She was awakened by the lack of chest motion. She began immediate mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and rushed the entire family to the hospital. On arrival at the emergency room, the infant was breathing intermittently for short intervals after various methods of stimulation. Oxygen was given by mask, caffeine benzoate sodium was injected, and the intravenous administration of fluids was started. The infant was pale, limp, and moderately cyanotic. He appeared to be experiencing an overdose of narcotics, and the resident, thinking so, had given nalorphine hydrochloride.
Interleukin-10-Producing Plasmablasts Exert Regulatory Function in Autoimmune Inflammation
Authors: Masanori Matsumoto, Akemi Baba, Takafumi Yokota, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Hisako Kayama, Axel Kallies, Stephen L. Nutt, Shimon Sakaguchi, Kiyoshi Takeda, Tomohiro Kurosaki, Yoshihiro Baba
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Oxidative stress promotes pathologic polyploidization in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Géraldine Gentric, Vanessa Maillet, Valérie Paradis, Dominique Couton, Antoine L’Hermitte, Ganna Panasyuk, Bernard Fromenty, Séverine Celton-Morizur, Chantal Desdouets
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Polyploidization is one of the most dramatic changes that can occur in the genome. In the liver, physiological polyploidization events occur during both liver development and throughout adult life. Here, we determined that a pathological polyploidization takes place in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a widespread hepatic metabolic disorder that is believed to be a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In murine models of NAFLD, the parenchyma of fatty livers displayed alterations of the polyploidization process, including the presence of a large proportion of highly polyploid mononuclear cells, which are rarely observed in normal hepatic parenchyma. Biopsies from patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) revealed the presence of alterations in hepatocyte ploidy compared with tissue from control individuals. Hepatocytes from NAFLD mice revealed that progression through the S/G2 phases of the cell cycle was inefficient. This alteration was associated with activation of a G2/M DNA damage checkpoint, which prevented activation of the cyclin B1/CDK1 complex. Furthermore, we determined that oxidative stress promotes the appearance of highly polyploid cells, and antioxidant-treated NAFLD hepatocytes resumed normal cell division and returned to a physiological state of polyploidy. Collectively, these findings indicate that oxidative stress promotes pathological polyploidization and suggest that this is an early event in NAFLD that may contribute to HCC development.
Intrapulmonary thymoma: report of two cases.
Authors: I T Kung, S L Loke, S Y So, W K Lam, C K Mok, M A Khin
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Intrapulmonary thymoma is a rarity-only nine cases have been reported.We describe here two cases of intrapulmonary thymoma diagnosed at necropsy and review earlier reported experience.'-6 Case reports CASE IA 46 year old Chinese man presented in July 1983 with intermittent haemoptysis and progressive exertional dys- pnoea of six months' duration.Investigation at another hospital showed consolidation collapse of the left lung.Sputum examination was negative for malignant cells.Fibreoptic bronchoscopy showed narrowing of the left main bronchus due to extrinsic compression; a blind bron- chial biopsy showed no evidence of malignancy.An exploratory thoracotomy was planned but no compatible blood was available for transfusion because the patient was found to have positive results in direct and indirect Coombs' tests.The bronchial obstruction and breathless- ness became worse.He was given radiotherapy on the assumption that he had some form of intrathoracic malig- nancy and was referred to the Queen Mary Hospital for further management.The patient looked ill.There was no clinical evidence of myasthenia gravis.He had a haemoglobin concentration of 8.2 g/dl with a reticulocyte count of 1.4% and normo- chromic, normocytic red blood cells.The leucocyte count was 8.2 x 109/l, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 144 mm in the first hour.The total bilirubin level was 9 on July 19, 2023 by guest.
Protein sequence analysis and mapping of IgE and IgG epitopes of an allergenic 98‐kDa <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i> paramyosin, Der f 11
Authors: L.‐C. Tsai, P.‐L. Chao, M.‐W. Hung, Y.‐C. Sun, I.‐C. Kuo, K.‐Y. Chua, S.‐H. Liaw, K.‐Y. Chua, I.‐C. Kuo
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: A 98‐kDa mite paramyosin (Der f 11) from Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) is highly allergenic, and its cDNA (Df642) has been cloned. This paper describes the sequence characteristics and the mapping of the immunodominant human IgE and IgG epitopes of Der f 11. Methods: The protein sequence analysis was performed with a combination of FASTA, GCG, and CLUSTAL W computing packages. The whole cDNA insert and its PCR‐derived DNA fragments were generated and expressed in E. coli . These overlapping recombinant peptides (F1 to F5) were used for B‐cell epitope mapping with 18 mite‐allergic sera by dot immunoassays. Results: Df642 cDNA encodes a partial sequence that contains the 2nd to 26th 28‐residue repeats and lacks the N‐terminus and the C‐terminus. The sequence identity of the Der f 11 with other known paramyosins is 34–60%. The dominant IgE epitopes are located in peptides F1 and F4, whereas the dominant IgG epitopes are located in peptides F1 and F2. These peptides are more reactive than whole rDf642. Conclusions: Mite paramyosin is very similar to other known paramyosins. The human IgE and IgG epitopes are scattered throughout the entire molecule. Data also indicate the presence of unique IgE and IgG epitopes in Der f 11.
Hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis in mice expressing oncogenic NrasG12D from the endogenous locus
Authors: Qing Li, Kevin M. Haigis, Andrew McDaniel, Emily Harding-Theobald, Scott C. Kogan, Keiko Akagi, Jasmine C. Y. Wong, Benjamin S. Braun, Linda Wolff, Tyler Jacks, Kevin Shannon
Journal: Blood (2010)
Vessel Dilator Enhances Sodium and Water Excretion and Has Beneficial Hemodynamic Effects in Persons With Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: David L. Vesely, John R. Dietz, James R. Parks, Mohammad Baig, Michael T. McCormick, Guillermo Cintron, Douglas D. Schocken
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Vessel dilator, a 37–amino acid peptide hormone synthesized in the heart, enhances urine flow 4- to 12-fold and sodium excretion 3- to 6-fold in healthy humans. The present investigation was designed to determine whether vessel dilator might have similar beneficial effects in persons with congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results —Vessel dilator (100 ng/kg body weight per minute) given intravenously for 60 minutes to NYHA class III CHF subjects increased urine flow 2- to 13-fold, which was still increased ( P &lt;0.001) 3 hours after its infusion was stopped. Vessel dilator enhanced sodium excretion 3- to 4-fold in CHF subjects ( P &lt;0.01), which was still significantly ( P &lt;0.01) elevated 3 hours after infusion. Vessel dilator decreased systemic vascular resistance 24%, pulmonary vascular resistance 25%, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 33%, and central venous pressure 27% while increasing cardiac output 34%, cardiac index 35%, and stroke volume index 24% without significantly affecting heart rate or pulmonary artery pressure in the CHF subjects. The control CHF patients did not have any changes in the above parameters. Conclusions —These results indicate that vessel dilator has significant beneficial diuretic, natriuretic, and hemodynamic properties in humans with congestive heart failure.
John Ludlow Whitmore
Authors: Margaret Whitmore
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Freshwater, Isle of Wight (b Reading 1921; q St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, 1946; MBE), died from bronchopneumonia on 30 January 2004. On qualifying he went to Singapore on national service, where he looked after service families and played tennis for the army. In 1950 he was sent to the British Army of the Rhine headquarters in Germany to look after service families. While there he designed the new army medical centre at Monchengladbach. In 1953 he was posted to Australia, eventually leaving the army to become medical director of trials for the Atomic Energy Authority. In 1964 John entered general practice on the Isle of Wight. He leaves a wife; seven children; and 10 grandchildren.
Evaluation of the Utility of lndium-111 Oxine Platelet Imaging in Renal Transplant Patients on Cyclosporine
Authors: CAROL S. MARCUS, MARTIN A. KOYLE, JACQUES DARCOURT, MICHAEL VIVIAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Twenty five ln-111 oxine platelet imaging procedures were performed in 21 renal transplant patients to assess the value of this study for diagnosis of renal transplant rejection in recipients receiving cyclosporine (CYS) for immunosuppression. Fourteen biopsies were performed, and an extensive, in-depth review of the clinical progress of each patient was obtained. There was no ideal “gold standard” to which our imaging results could be compared, but we used a combination of biopsy findings, clinical impressions, and changes in renal function after pulsing with steroids and/or decreasing CYS dosage as the basis for our diagnoses. We were unable to distinguish between renal rejection and CYS toxicity using platelet imaging. The sensitivity of the platelet procedure for diagnosing rejection or CYS toxicity was 100%. The specificity for rejection or CYS toxicity was only 76.5%. In view of the inability of this test to distinguish between rejection and CYS toxicity, its rather low specificity, and its relatively high cost, it is not a particularly helpful study for the diagnosis of renal transplant rejection in patients on CYS.
Identification of CD34+ and CD34− leukemia-initiating cells in MLL-rearranged human acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Yuki Aoki, Takashi Watanabe, Yoriko Saito, Yoko Kuroki, Atsushi Hijikata, Masatoshi Takagi, Daisuke Tomizawa, Mariko Eguchi, Minenori Eguchi-Ishimae, Akiko Kaneko, Rintaro Ono, Kaori Sato, Nahoko Suzuki, Saera Fujiki, Katsuyoshi Koh, Eiichi Ishii, Leonard D. Shultz, Osamu Ohara, Shuki Mizutani, Fumihiko Ishikawa
Journal: Blood (2014)
570 NEW PARAMETERS IN THE EVALUATION OF CIRRHOTIC PORTAL HYPERTENSION: HEPATIC AND PORTAL VEINS DOPPLER FLOW PHASICITY
Authors: P. Bizzotto, G. Bombonato, P. Pesce, S. Gaiani, S. Brocco, S. Tonello, M. Bolognesi, C. Merkel, D. Sacerdoti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Iliofemoral Venous Thrombectomy
Authors: GARDNER W. SMITH
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Experience with iliofemoral venous thrombectomy in 45 cases has been reviewed. The indications for this procedure have been presented, and only two absolute contraindications are recognized. Certain aspects of surgical technique and of postoperative care have been discussed, with emphasis on the use of local anesthesia, the balloon catheter, and early postoperative ambulation. Results indicate that iliofemoral venous thrombectomy does relieve early morbidity and appears to be as successful as nonoperative management in the prevention of pulmonary embolism. Clinical improvement has been achieved in 76% of the entire group, and these results are influenced by both the preoperative duration of symptoms and the degree of success in removing the thrombus at operation. Of particular significance is a group of 14 patients followed for 2 or more years, only 14% of whom were afflicted by the sequelae of deep venous insufficiency. This finding provides encouraging support for the thesis that iliofemoral venous thrombectomy may ameliorate the late postphlebitic sequelae of deep venous thrombosis.
Incorporating ‘Exercise is Medicine’ into the University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville and Greenville Health System
Authors: Jennifer L Trilk, Edward M Phillips
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Educating medical students and other health professionals in training on the importance of healthy lifestyles for prevention and treatment of disease is essential to transforming healthcare. At the University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville (USC SOM Greenville), we are incorporating the ‘Exercise is Medicine’ Knowledge, Skills and Abilities into all 4 years of the undergraduate medical curriculum to inform future physicians on the medical benefits of exercise and physical activity. As a partner with the Greenville Health System (GHS), USC SOM Greenville is striving to transform healthcare for the benefit of the people and communities it serves by healing compassionately, teaching innovatively and improving constantly. In addition, USC SOM Greenville and GHS are fostering relationships with the local YMCAs to improve healthcare delivery in upstate South Carolina using the ‘Exercise is Medicine’ solution. The overarching goal is to demonstrate how physician-counselling and referrals for physical activity and exercise play a well-documented role in primary and secondary prevention for reducing morbidity and mortality from non-communicable chronic diseases. In partnership with the Institute of Lifestyle Medicine (ILM) at Harvard Medical School, USC SOM Greenville also strives to spearhead a ripple effect in exercise curriculum by modelling for other medical school leaders throughout the country on how to adopt similar changes in curriculum and training for medical school students. Physician education regarding the benefits of exercise is vital for transforming healthcare.

Exercise counselling as part of healthcare delivery would have numerous evidence-based benefits for prevention and treatment of multiple non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and various forms of cancer.1–4 In addition, physician-based exercise counselling likely would have a major impact on reducing associated healthcare costs.5 Unfortunately, the majority of physicians, traditionally trained to manage disease and injury, have not been educated in the medical, …
Is Hepatitis G Virus Transmitted Sexually?
Authors: Amalia Rubio
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Hepatitis G virus (HGV), a new member of the Flaviviridae family, has been recently cloned.<sup>1</sup>This agent is known to be transmitted parenterally and a high prevalence of HGV RNA has been found in injection drug users, hemophiliacs, and patients receiving hemodialysis. However, no data are yet available about sexual or perinatal transmission of HGV.<sup>2</sup>We present preliminary data that support the sexual transmission of this virus. We investigated the presence of HGV RNA in cryopreserved serum samples taken from 150 index cases and their stable heterosexual partners. Index cases had attended the hospital because they showed elevated alanine aminotransferase levels and/or had risk factors for parenterally/sexually transmitted viral diseases. In addition, we also studied the prevalence of HGV infection in 193 female prostitutes and 149 homosexual men who had participated in a study on sexual transmission of hepatitus C virus (HCV)<sup>3</sup>and from
A Case of Sensory Aphasia, Accompanied by Word Deafness, Word Blindness, and Agraphia
Authors: H. H. Tomkins
Journal: BMJ (1894)

SENSORY APHASIA.['IK Jo 907 systolic, not presystolic, but if the heart were beating rapidly the exact time of its occurrence would not always be easy to ascertain.Since the above was written Dr. Sturges has mentioned, in his lectures upon Heart Inflammation in Children, five instances in which a thrill and presystolic murmur were noted during life, while mitral stenosis was found on postmortem examination to be absent.It is notewortlhy that Dr.Sturges uses the words " thrill and presystolic murmur," from which we may infer that the thrill was not thought to be presystolic.Dr. Cheadle has noticed the frequency of a diastolic sound in the early endocarditis of children, and states that, although it may disappear, it generally develops into the presystolic bruit of mitral stenosis.2
Allelic Frequencies and Patterns of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms in Candidate Genes for Asthma and Atopy in Iceland
Authors: HAKON HAKONARSON, UNNUR S. BJORNSDOTTIR, ELINBORG OSTERMANN, THOR ARNASON, ASDIS E. ADALSTEINSDOTTIR, EVA HALAPI, DANA SHKOLNY, KRISTLEIFUR KRISTJANSSON, SIGURBJORG A. GUDNADOTTIR, MICHAEL L. FRIGGE, DAVID GISLASON, THORARINN GISLASON, AUGUSTINE KONG, JEFFREY GULCHER, KARI STEFANSSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Numerous asthma and atopy loci have been reported in studies demonstrating associations of the asthma-related phenotypes atopy, elevated IgE levels, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness with alleles of microsatellite markers and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within specific cytokine/chemokine and IgE-regulating genes. Although the studies reporting these observations are compelling, most of them lack statistical power. We assessed the nature, pattern, and frequency of SNPs in 24 candidate genes in Iceland and looked for associations with asthma and atopy. We identified 42 SNPs with an average minor allele frequency of 20.3% (asthma) and 20.7% (control). Twenty SNPs (48%) were within coding sequences and 90% of those led to a predicted change in protein sequence. No differences were detected in the allelic frequencies of SNPs in any of these candidate genes between control subjects and the patients with atopic asthma. Moreover, linkage analysis that included 269 patients with atopic asthma uncovered no evidence of linkage to markers associated with these genes. We conclude that this study has failed to produce evidence in support of the notion that variations within these 24 candidate atopy and asthma genes significantly influence the expression of the atopic asthmatic phenotype or contribute to the susceptibility of atopic asthma.
A LABILE SERUM FACTOR IN EXPERIMENTAL ENDOTOXIN SHOCK: CROSS-TRANSFUSION STUDIES IN DOGS
Authors: Wesley W. Spink, James Vick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

Peripheral vascular failure caused by endotoxin in the dog has an initial stage of vasoconstriction. Preliminary studies in vitro demonstrated that the constriction was due to the interaction of endotoxin with a heat-labile serum or plasma factor and platelets, resulting in the liberation of histamine. Further studies on the intact dog support and extend this concept. A standardized dose of Escherichia coli endotoxin produced fatal shock in control adult mongrel dogs within 28 hours. The characteristic pattern of changes included progressive hypotension, oliguria and anuria, hemoconcentration, and acidosis. Normal dogs were protected against endotoxin by transfusions of blood in which the essential serum factor was depleted in one of two ways. First, plasma separated from the blood of normal animals was heated at 56 degrees C for 30 minutes, and the infused reconstituted whole blood protected normal dogs. Protection was not afforded by unheated reconstituted blood. Second, blood from immune dogs obtained within 24 hours after a second lethal dose of endotoxin protected recipient dogs. However, protection was not demonstrated with blood collected 72 hours after a second injection of endotoxin. The nature of the serum factor essential for endotoxin activity is not known. It is postulated that an enzyme or enzyme system is involved, and the possible role of complement is discussed.
Use of Fructosamine Test in Diabetic Children
Authors: Douglas O Sobel, Val Abbassi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective The goal of this study was to assess the effect of glucose and the contribution of the aldimine component on the measurement of fructosamine, the relationship of serum fructosamine with glycosylated plasma proteins, as measured by a new high-performance liquid chromatography methodology (Glyc PP-HPLC) and by an affinity chromatography (Glyc PP), and the ability of serum fructosamine to assess acute, short-term (1–2 wk), and long-term (2–3 mo) glycemic control. Research Design and Methods The measurement of fructosamine was unaltered by the addition of up to 27.5 mM glucose or by the elimination of the aldimine component of serum specimens by dialysis. Fructosamine was generated in vitro by incubating serum aliquots. This generation was dependent on time, glucose concentration, and temperature. Results Fructosamine (n = 27) correlated well with Glyc PP (r = 0.76, P &amp;lt; 0.01) and significantly less with Glyc PP-HPLC (r = 0.46, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Although oral glucose ingestion increased serum glucose acutely by 200% fructosamine was unchanged at each time interval. Improving glycemic control decreased the mean serum fructosamine concentration from 3.68 (baseline) to 3.28 mM (P &amp;lt; 0.01) at 1 wk and to 3.13 mM (P &amp;lt; 0.01) at 2 wk. HbA1c correlated with fructosamine (r = 0.59) and Glyc PP-HPLC (r = 0.47) but correlated best with Glyc PP (r = 0.83). Conclusions These results indicate the fructosamine assay is unaltered by serum glucose, solely measures the ketoamine component, correlates well with glycosylated plasma proteins measured by aminophenylboronic acid column chromatography, is unaffected by acute changes of serum glucose, and may be used to monitor changes in glycemic control over a 1-wk interval.
Therapeutic Action of Different Penicillins on Spirochaetal Infections
Authors: J. Williamson, E. M. Lourie
Journal: BMJ (1946)

EMPIREBRICISH offer to provide funds for the construction of three leprosy clinics on condition that the suggested amendment of the law was made.In 1923 the only known cases were 267 advanced ones in the Manaica Leper Institution.When the three clinics (later increased to 15) were opened and surveys made, so many infective cases were discovered or came forward voluntarily for admission to Manaica that by 1932 747 were in residence.At the end of 15 years' work Dr. Rose recorded that 71.2% of regularly treated cases had had their disease arrested, but only 16.7% of those not submitting to regular treat- ment showed improvement.In 1941 there were 400 cases in the settlement-a decline of 46% since 1932-and 500 more were attend- ing clinics, out of an estimated total of 1,000 in the colony.As the number of yearly discovered new cases had fallen, Dr. Muir reported