tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATION OF H-2 TYPES WITH GENETIC CONTROL OF IMMUNE RESPONSIVENESS TO I<scp>G</scp>G (γ2a) ALLOTYPES IN THE MOUSE
Authors: Rose Lieberman, William Humphrey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

Immune responsiveness to IgG allotypes in the mouse was found to be controlled by an immune response gene Ir-IgG linked to the H-2 locus. This was demonstrated by the analysis of the immune response to BALB/c IgG (gamma2a) myeloma proteins in mice of various H-2 types from five different linkage groups of immunoglobulin heavy chains. Antisera were examined for antibodies to idiotypic (Fab) and allotypic (Fc) specificities. No immune response to BALB/c IgG myeloma proteins was found in mice with the same heavy-chain immunoglobulin linkage group as BALB/c but of different H-2 types. In mice with immunoglobulin heavy chains that are different than BALB/c, a high immune response to IgG myeloma proteins was found in H-2 types b, bc, p, r, s, and v; a low response in a, d, k, and q. The Ir-IgG gene is controlled by a dominant autosomal gene.
US mental health service is "highly fragmented"
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

One in five Americans experience a mental disorder in any given year, but most of them never seek treatment, the US surgeon general, Dr David Satcher, says in a comprehensive new report.

The report, which reviews 3000 academic studies on mental health and illness, has been in preparation since Dr Satcher was appointed early in 1998. It finds that half of all Americans have a mental disorder …
Heart Failure’s Link to Diabetes
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primitive Surgery: Skills Before Science
Authors: R. Ted Steinbock
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Surgery is a unique technology in which human hands manipulate a human body. This book provides a brief but interesting survey of prescientific surgery from prehistory to primitive cultures of the present. While most surgery attempted to correct or repair a derangement in body function, other motives of an aesthetic, punitive, or ritual nature may have prompted certain practices extending back to the dawn of culture. For example, tattooing (a term used by Captain Cook to describe the Polynesian practice) can be identified on South American mummies dating back several thousand years. It reached a cultural and aesthetic peak among the Ainu women of Japan and is currently widespread throughout Oceania. A somewhat related procedure of scarification (cicatrization) has been employed in parts of Africa and Australasia. Circumcision, subincision, penectomy, and infibulation are widespread forms of minor surgery in Africa and other parts of the world, often performed by religious
Resource Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Authors: Dennis J. Darcey, Gary N. Greenberg, George W. Jackson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 April 1991Resource Center for Occupational and Environmental MedicineDennis J. Darcey, MD, MSPH, Gary N. Greenberg, MD, MPH, George W. Jackson, MDDennis J. Darcey, MD, MSPHSearch for more papers by this author, Gary N. Greenberg, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this author, George W. Jackson, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-7-607 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In a recent position paper, the American College of Physicians supported the Institute of Medicine's recommendation for the development of a new type of "single access" information source for occupational and environmental health information, modeled after poison control centers (1, 2). This need has arisen as physicians are confronted with uncertainty in diagnosing acute and chronic occupational and environmentally induced disease. We report one example of such a resource.The Duke University Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, with the help of a Mobil Foundation grant, has established the Occupational and Environmental Medicine Resource Center to serve...References1. . Occupational and environmental medicine: the internists role. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:974-82. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Role of the Primary Care Physician in Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1988. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Dennis J. Darcey, MD, MSPH; Gary N. Greenberg, MD, MPH; George W. Jackson, MDAffiliations: Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC 27710 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1991Volume 114, Issue 7Page: 607-607KeywordsEnvironmental health ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Papular mucinosis: is the inflammatory cell infiltrate neoplastic? The presence of a monotypic plasma cell population demonstrated by <i>in situ</i> hybridization
Authors: B.J. CLARK, A. MOWAT, M.E. FALLOWFIELD, F.D. LEE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Papular mucinosis is a condition reported to be associated with abnormal serum paraproteins and plasma cell dyscrasias. We report a patient with papular mucinosis, without a serum paraprotein or bone marrow plasmacytosis, in whom the affected skin contained a prominent perivascular plasma cell infiltrate. Using in situ hybridization, for k and λ light chain mRNA, these plasma cells were demonstrably monotypic for λ light chain and, therefore, presumably monoclonal and putatively neoplastic. We suggest that the absence of a serum paraprotein and marrow plasmacytosis does not exclude the existence of a plasma cell neoplasm in patients with papular mucinosis. Such plasma cell populations may exist in the affected skin, although their true nature and behaviour remains to be determined.
Are left ventricular mass, geometry, and function related to vascularchanges and/or insulin resistance in longstanding hypertension? A LIFE substudy
Authors: Michael H. Olsen, Elsa Hjerkinn, Kristian Wachtell, Aud Høiggen, Jonathan N. Bella, Shawna D. Nesbitt, Eigil Fossum, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Richard B. Devereux, Stevo Julius, Hans Ibsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Defective Thymus Development: A Cause of Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Max D. Cooper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Characterization of developmental flaws in lymphoid cell lines of immunodeficient infants has occasionally led to successful treatment by transplantation of appropriate cells or tissues. Histocompatible bone marrow1 , 2 and fetal liver3 have been used as sources of healthy stem cells for repair of severe combined immunodeficiency characterized by deficiencies in both T and B cells, and fetal-thymus grafts4 , 5 may correct the deficiency of T cells in infants with maldevelopment of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. Such observations are of general interest because they provide insight into developmental pathways followed by immunocompetent cells in human beings and allow integration of this . . .
Effects of vinyl chloride exposures to rats pretreated with phenobarbital.
Authors: R T Drew, C Harper, B N Gupta, F A Talley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

Male rats were exposed to 10 consecutive days, 6 hr/day, to vinyl chloride vapors at an average concentration of 13,500 ppm. The exposed rats were divided into three groups of eight rats each: one group was pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene, one group was pretreated with phenobarbital, and the third group received no treatment. Half the animals in each group were sacrificed 18 hr after the last exposure and half were sacrificed 4 days later. In a second experiment, four rats pretreated with phenobarbital were exposed to vinyl chloride vapors at a concentration of 17,300 ppm for 2 days and sacrificed about 9 A.M. on the third day. In both experiments control animals, also treated with phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene, were exposed to air only. At the time of sacrifice, lungs, kidneys, spleen, heart, and a small piece of liver from each animal were preserved for histological examination. The remainder of the liver was processed for assay of microsomal enzyme activity. The following parameters were investigated: growth rate, organ weights, morphological changes, and both benzphetamine-N-demethylase activity and cytochrome P-450 content of microsomes prepared from the livers. In both experiments the only marked difference noted in any group was a decrease in the growth rate of the animals exposed to vinyl chloride and treated with phenobarbital. This decreased growth rate was particularly apparent on the third day of the vinyl chloride exposures. Occasional morphological changes were also seen in the livers of the animals treated with phenobarbital and exposed to vinyl chloride.
Lines on a posteroanterior chest radiograph
Authors: M. Paddock
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Identify the structures labelled A, B, C, D, and E on this posteroanterior chest radiograph of a man⇓. ### Short answer ### Discussion Recognition of these lines as normal radiological anatomy is important given that abnormal appearances may indicate disease. In addition, it allows development of an appropriate differential diagnosis before obtaining further imaging.1
Evidence of Persistent Abnormal Pituitary-adrenal Relationship in Patients Subtotally Adrenalectomized for Cushing's Syndrome.
Authors: W. D. Drucker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Evidence of Persistent Abnormal Pituitary-adrenal Relationship in Patients Subtotally Adrenalectomized for Cushing's Syndrome.W. D. Drucker, M.D., N. P. Christy, M.D.W. D. Drucker, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, N. P. Christy, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-721_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPatients J. J. and D.W., bilaterally subtotally adrenalectomized for Cushing's disease (bilateral adrenal hyperplasia) 7 and 6 years before study, lacked pituitary tumors and were not hyperadrenal as shown by: clinical remission, normal excretion of urinary 17-ketogenic steroids (19 and 12 mg/day) and 17-ketosteroids (13 and 8 mg/day), normal secretory rate of cortisol (20 and 19 mg/day, isotope dilution method), and normal resting levels of plasma cortisol (13 and 11 μg/100 ml). Evidence of abnormal adenohypophysial regulation of adrenal cortical secretion included: total absence of circadian variation in levels of plasma cortisol; failure to respond by increased steroidogenesis... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 721-722KeywordsBlood plasmaCortisolExcretionPituitary tumorsSteroidogenesisSteroids Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Essex hospital is put into special measures over breach of licence
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A hospital trust at the centre of a police investigation over allegations that data on waiting times for cancer treatment were falsified has been put into special measures.

An improvement director will be appointed to Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, and it will be paired with a high achieving trust “to ensure all its patients receive good quality care,” the regulator Monitor has announced.

The …
Salivary Gland Calculi
Authors: Donald M. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Case records of 180 patients with calculi of the salivary glands were studied with reference to symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. In the series, the submaxillary gland was affected most frequently, with the parotid and sublingual glands next in frequency. In many cases the symptoms of recurrent pain and swelling dated back many years. Removal of the offending calculus is recommended when symptoms warrant; however, total excision of the gland is the treatment of choice in severe cases. Results after excision of the stone have been good, but the diseased gland is likely to form other stones. Patients who have undergone excision of the involved gland have had no recurrence of symptoms and no untoward complications.
PD-0200347, an 2 ligand of the voltage gated calcium channel, inhibits in vivo activation of the Erk1/2 pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes: a PKC dependent effect
Authors: C Boileau
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

To explore the in vivo effects of PD-0200347, an alpha(2)delta ligand of voltage gated Ca(2+) channels, on cell signalling in osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes from an experimental dog model, and examine the effect of PD-0200347 on the major signalling pathways involved in OA cartilage degradation.OA was surgically induced in dogs by sectioning the anterior cruciate ligament. OA dogs were divided into three groups and treated orally with (a) placebo; (b) 15 mg/kg/day PD-0200347, or (c) 90 mg/kg/day PD-0200347. The animals were killed 12 weeks after surgery. Cartilage specimens from femoral condyles and tibial plateaus were processed for immunohistochemistry. Specific antibodies against the phosphorylated form of PKCalpha, Ras, c-Raf, the MAP kinases Erk1/2, p38, JNK, and the transcription factors, CREB and Elk-1, were used.Levels of all the tested signalling mediators were increased in the placebo treated (OA) group compared with the normal group. PD-0200347 treatment significantly reduced the levels of the active forms of PKCalpha, c-Raf, Erk1/2, and Elk-1; however, the levels of the active forms of Ras, p38, JNK, and CREB were not affected by the PD-0200347 treatment.The action of PD-0200347 on OA chondrocytes is probably mediated through the inhibition of Erk1/2 activation via a Ras independent mechanism. This effect is associated with reduction of the activation of transcription factors such as Elk-1, which leads to the inhibition of the induction of the major catabolic factors involved in the degradation process of OA cartilage.
HEPATIC δ-AMINOLÆVULINIC ACID SYNTHETASE IN AN ATTACK OF HEREDITARY COPROPORPHYRIA AND DURING REMISSION
Authors: Neil Mcintyre, A.J.G. Pearson, D.J. Allan, S. Craske, G.M.L. West, M.R. Moore, J. Paxton, A.D. Beattie, A. Goldberg
Journal: The Lancet (1971)
The long march
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1998)

We had originally planned to do it on our honeymoon, but then rescheduled the trip for the following year. At the last minute, we cancelled again in favour of a softer option. Ten years on, when the children were at last old enough to be billeted with friends, the Pennine Way beckoned again.

The 270 mile route from Derbyshire to the Scottish border is rough, remote, and sometimes dangerous. My mother recommended plenty of woollen jumpers, but we shunned this outdated advice in favour of multiple, breathable, brightly coloured layers that weighed almost nothing and repelled both wind and water. At one of London's incongruous …
BRAIN DAMAGE, MENTAL RETARDATION AND CHILDHOOD SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: MAX POLLACK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1958)

Intellectual functioning of children diagnosed as schizophrenic is systematically reviewed. According to the reports in the literature, over 50% of these children could be classified as having borderline or subnormal intelligence by conventional criteria. On perceptual and motor tests, the performance of the intellectually retarded schizophrenic children was similar to that observed in younger normal children, mentally retarded adults, and adults with severe mental changes as a result of brain disease. Neither childhood schizophrenia nor mental retardation is a distinct clinical entity encompassing homogeneous groups. When severe behavior disorder coexists with intellectual defect in childhood, the altered behavior may be a reflection of cerebral dysfunction. Which aspect is stressed–the retardation or the behavior disorder–is, in part, a function of the observer's orientation rather than the child's behavior. The general disagreement, and the lack of clarity in this field, may be due largely to the paucity of systematic, controlled experimentation.
Low protein diet alters urea transport and cell structure in rat initial inner medullary collecting duct.
Authors: T Isozaki, J W Verlander, J M Sands
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Low protein diets reverse the urea concentration gradient in the renal inner medulla. To investigate the mechanism(s) for this change, we studied urea transport and cell ultrastructure in initial and terminal inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) from rats fed 18% protein or an isocaloric, 8% protein diet for 4 wk. Serum urea, aldosterone, and albumin were significantly lower in rats fed 8% protein, but total protein and potassium were unchanged. Vasopressin stimulated passive urea permeability (Purea) threefold (P < 0.05) in initial IMCDs from rats fed 8% protein, but not from rats fed 18% protein. Luminal phloretin reversibly inhibited vasopressin-stimulated Purea. However, in terminal IMCDs from rats fed either diet, vasopressin stimulated Purea. Net transepithelial urea flux (measured with identical perfusate and bath solutions) was found only in initial IMCDs from rats fed 8% protein. Reducing the temperature reversibly inhibited it, but phloretin did not. Electron microscopy of initial IMCD principal cells from rats fed 8% protein showed expanded Golgi bodies and prominent autophagic vacuoles, and morphometric analysis demonstrated a marked increase in the surface density and boundary length of the basolateral plasma membrane. These ultrastructural changes were not observed in the terminal IMCD. Thus, 8% dietary protein causes two new urea transport processes to appear in initial but not terminal IMCDs. This is the first demonstration that "active" urea transport can be induced in a mammalian collecting duct segment.
Sudden Cardiac Death in the Athlete
Authors: Monty M. Bodenheimer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 January 1999Sudden Cardiac Death in the AthleteMonty M. Bodenheimer, MDMonty M. Bodenheimer, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Mark Estes NA III, Salem DN, Wang PJ; eds. 600 pages. Armonk, NY: Futura; 1998. $89.00. ISBN 0879936916. Order phone 800-877-8761.Field of medicine: Sports medicine and cardiology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Pediatricians, internists, sports medicine physicians, and cardiologists.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive reference source for cardiac management of the athlete.Content: This multiauthor book begins with two sections on evaluation of the athlete's cardiovascular system and techniques to differentiate clinically normal from abnormal findings. This is followed by a section devoted to arrhythmias and their significance and management. The fourth section covers specific clinical presentations, such as syncope, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 1Page: 88KeywordsArrhythmiaCardiomyopathiesCardiovascular therapyHeart diseasesSportsSports and exercise medicineStable coronary artery diseaseSudden cardiac deathSyncopeSystemic diseases ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 5 January 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Spare hypoxia, spoil the child?
Authors: Jason Boehme, Emin Maltepe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Clinical vignette: An 8-year-old boy presents to the pediatric ICU after two days of cough with increasing secretions. The patient is progressing to respiratory failure and requires noninvasive mechanical ventilation. His past medical history is remarkable for premature birth at 25 and 6/7 weeks gestational age, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, epilepsy, and gastrostomy tube dependence. His chest x-ray is remarkable for multifocal opacities that are consistent with atelectasis. A complete blood count reveals a wbc count of 9.2 with a normal differential, Hg of 11.7, and platelet count of 276,000. A respiratory viral panel from a nasal swab returns positive for rhinovirus. Additional patient history from the parents uncovers that he has been hospitalized three times over the course of the past 2 years with a similar presentation.
Baxter identifies processing fluid as possible cause of deaths
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A manufacturer of dialysis equipment, whose products have been associated with 12 deaths in Spain and 21 deaths in Croatia, this week identified the possible cause of the deaths.

Baxter International, whose headquarters are in Deerfield, Illinois, said: “Preliminary tests completed over the weekend lead Baxter to believe that a processing fluid used in the manufacturing operation in its Ronneby, Sweden, facility may have played a role.”

The Spanish health ministry withdrew two …
Pseudobacteremia Attributed to Contamination of Povidone-Iodine with Pseudomonas cepacia
Authors: RUTH L. BERKELMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Pseudomonas cepacia was recovered from the blood cultures of 52 patients in four hospitals in New York over 6 months from April through October 1980. Epidemiologic investigation in one hospital indicated that the positive results of blood culture represented pseudobacteremias and implicated a 10% povidone-iodine solution used as an antiseptic and disinfectant (Pharmadine; Sherwood Pharmaceutical Company, Mahwah, New Jersey) as the source of contamination. Physicians who drew blood cultures positive for P. cepacia were more likely to have left povidone-iodine on the skin before venipuncture (p = 0.026) and were more likely to have applied povidone-iodine to the blood culture bottle tops and to have left it there while inoculating the blood culture media (p = 0.007) than those who drew cultures negative for P. cepacia. Direct inoculation of Pharmadine into brain-heart infusion broth yielded P. cepacia; however, 2 weeks after the first cultures, the same Pharmadine bottles were culture negative. The iodine concentrations of the contaminated Pharmadine solutions were similar to those of 10% povidone-iodine solutions distributed by other manufacturers.