tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Methyltransferase G9A regulates T cell differentiation during murine intestinal inflammation
Authors: Frann Antignano, Kyle Burrows, Michael R. Hughes, Jonathan M. Han, Ken J. Kron, Nadia M. Penrod, Menno J. Oudhoff, Steven Kai Hao Wang, Paul H. Min, Matthew J. Gold, Alistair L. Chenery, Mitchell J.S. Braam, Thomas C. Fung, Fabio M.V. Rossi, Kelly M. McNagny, Cheryl H. Arrowsmith, Mathieu Lupien, Megan K. Levings, Colby Zaph
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis is associated with dysregulated CD4⁺ Th cell responses, with intestinal homeostasis depending on the balance between IL-17-producing Th17 and Foxp3⁺ Tregs. Differentiation of naive T cells into Th17 and Treg subsets is associated with specific gene expression profiles; however, the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to controlling Th17 and Treg differentiation remains unclear. Using a murine T cell transfer model of colitis, we found that T cell-intrinsic expression of the histone lysine methyltransferase G9A was required for development of pathogenic T cells and intestinal inflammation. G9A-mediated dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) restricted Th17 and Treg differentiation in vitro and in vivo. H3K9me2 was found at high levels in naive Th cells and was lost following Th cell activation. Loss of G9A in naive T cells was associated with increased chromatin accessibility and heightened sensitivity to TGF-β1. Pharmacological inhibition of G9A methyltransferase activity in WT T cells promoted Th17 and Treg differentiation. Our data indicate that G9A-dependent H3K9me2 is a homeostatic epigenetic checkpoint that regulates Th17 and Treg responses by limiting chromatin accessibility and TGF-β1 responsiveness, suggesting G9A as a therapeutic target for treating intestinal inflammation.
MUC18, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is expressed on bone marrow fibroblasts and a subset of hematological malignancies
Authors: RJA Filshie, ACW Zannettino, V Makrynikola, S Gronthos, AJ Henniker, LJ Bendall, DJ Gottlieb, PJ Simmons, KF Bradstock
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
INCIDENCE, TIME COURSE, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NEOATHEROSCLEROSIS: COMPARISON BETWEEN BARE-METAL STENTS AND DRUG ELUTING STENTS
Authors: Taishi Yonetsu, Jung-Sun Kim, Koji Kato, Soo-Joong Kim, Lei Xing, Robert Yeh, Rahul Sakhuja, Iris McNulty, Hang Lee, Aaron Aguirre, Shaosong Zhang, Shiro Uemura, Bo Yu, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Parkinsonism
Authors: Stephen N. Steen
Journal: JAMA (1962)

INCREASED SERUM ENZYMES have been found in certain neuromuscular diseases, e.g. muscular dystrophy, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) values of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been found to be elevated in cerebral infarction following cerebrovascular accidents, in brain damage associated with head injury, as well as in some other conditions of nervous system disease.  It has been noted that the blood-CSF barrier results in enzyme activities that are relatively independent for serum and cerebrospinal fluid. (A recent study using I 131 in puppies demonstrated the increased permeability of the blood-CSF barrier to GOT after prolonged hypoxia.) For this reason and because of the relative ease of acquiring blood, the clinical study of CSF enzymes and the knowledge of their alterations have been limited.  Since this study was completed, increased CSF-GOT values have been found in children with acute paralytic poliomyelitis with no serum-glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (S-GOT) correlation, and, an elevated S-GOT has
Minoxidil in Breast Milk
Authors: Andrés Valdivieso, Gloria Valdés, Theodore E. Spiro, Richard L. Westerman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1985Minoxidil in Breast MilkANDRÉS VALDIVIESO, GLORIA VALDÉS, THEODORE E. SPIRO, RICHARD L. WESTERMANANDRÉS VALDIVIESOSearch for more papers by this author, GLORIA VALDÉSSearch for more papers by this author, THEODORE E. SPIROSearch for more papers by this author, RICHARD L. WESTERMANSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-135_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Minoxidil is a potent vasodilator used in the treatment of severe hypertension (1). No pregnancies have been reported in patients receiving the drug. We report the case of a patient who became pregnant during minoxidil treatment and delivered a normal child whom she nursed. Excretion of minoxidil into breast milk in relation to plasma values was measured.A 40-year-old hypertensive woman with bilateral intrarenal fibrodysplasia was successfully treated with minoxidil, 5 mg twice daily; propranolol, 40 mg twice daily; and furosemide, 40 mg twice daily. While being treated, she had an unplanned, uneventful pregnancy, delivering at 37...References1. MEHTAMAMDANISHANSKYMAHURKARDUNEA PBRSG. Severe hypertension treatment with minoxidil. JAMA. 1975;233:239-52. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ROYERKOGILBERTSONMCCALLJOHNSTONSTRYD MHTJKR. Radioimmunoassay of minoxidil in human serum. J Pharm Sci. 1977;66:1266-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMinoxidil‐induced hypertrichosis in a breastfed infantCardiovascular drugs and diureticsSpezielle Arzneimitteltherapie in der StillzeitTargeting cell signaling pathways for drug discovery: An old lock needs a new keyCardiovascular drugs and diureticsSpezielle Arzneimitteltherapie in der StillzeitCardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations During Pregnancy and LactationMedications and Breast-Feeding: A Guide for Pharmacists, Pharmacy Technicians, and other Healthcare Professionals Part IIPrediction of Milk/Plasma Concentration Ratio of DrugsMolecular descriptors that influence the amount of drugs transfer into human breast milkMonographs on individual drugsContaminants in MilkPharmacotherapy of Hypertension While BreastfeedingPregnancy, drugs, and the dermatologistDrugs in Pregnancy and LactationThe Significance of Drugs in Breast milk: Pharmacokinetic Considerations 1 January 1985Volume 102, Issue 1Page: 135-135KeywordsBlood plasmaBreast milkDrugsExcretionHypertensionPregnancyVasodilators Issue Published: 1 January 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Competition, Profit, and the HMO
Authors: Ernest Saward, Andrew Sorensen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

IN the past, medical care had goals that were easily stated but hard to accomplish; today they seem to have grown even more difficult to achieve. In simplest terms, these goals are excellence, equity, and efficiency. Excellence has been much discussed and categorized according to a variety of measures, including technical process, outcome measurement, patient satisfaction, and many more. Equity has as many facets, from equity of opportunity to equity of outcomes. Whereas equity is often demanded, it is highly unlikely that we will achieve it, and success depends on the variables examined. But both equity and excellence have come . . .
Wearable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Use in Patients Perceived to Be at High Risk Early Post-Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Andrew E. Epstein, William T. Abraham, Nicole R. Bianco, Karl B. Kern, Michael Mirro, Sunil V. Rao, Edward K. Rhee, Scott D. Solomon, Steven J. Szymkiewicz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)

The aim of this study was to describe usage of the wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD) during mandated waiting periods following myocardial infarction (MI) for patients perceived to be at high risk for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Current device guidelines and insurance coverage require waiting periods of either 40 days or 3 months before implanting a cardioverter-defibrillator post-myocardial infarction (MI), depending on whether or not acute revascularization was undertaken. We assessed characteristics of and outcomes for patients who had a WCD prescribed in the first 3 months post-MI. The WCD medical order registry was searched for patients who were coded as having had a "recent MI with ejection fraction ≤35%" or given an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision 410.xx diagnostic code (acute MI), and then matched to device-recorded data. Between September 2005 and July 2011, 8,453 unique patients (age 62.7 ± 12.7 years, 73% male) matched study criteria. A total of 133 patients (1.6%) received 309 appropriate shocks. Of these patients, 91% were resuscitated from a ventricular arrhythmia. For shocked patients, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was ≤30% in 106, 30% to 35% in 17, >36% in 8, and not reported in 2 patients. Of the 38% of patients not revascularized, 84% had a LVEF ≤30%; of the 62% of patients revascularized, 77% had a LVEF ≤30%. The median time from the index MI to WCD therapy was 16 days. Of the treated patients, 75% received treatment in the first month, and 96% within the first 3 months of use. Shock success resulting in survival was 84% in nonrevascularized and 95% in revascularized patients. During the 40-day and 3-month waiting periods in patients post-MI, the WCD successfully treated SCA in 1.4%, and the risk was highest in the first month of WCD use. The WCD may benefit individual patients selected for high risk of SCA early post-MI.
Long term use of proton pump inhibitors raises risk of osteoporosis
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Patients who use proton pump inhibitors for seven or more years to treat reflux, peptic ulcers, and other conditions are at more risk of fractures related to osteoporosis, a large Canadian study has found ( CMAJ 2008;179:319-26, doi: 10.1503/cmaj.071330).

Short term exposure did not seem to raise risk of fractures, but risk of hip fracture was more after five years of continuous exposure and risk of any fracture was more after seven years of continuous exposure.

The authors of a related commentary note that three other large studies of administrative databases have found that proton pump inhibitors increase …
Simultaneous determination of ivabradine and N-desmethylivabradine in human plasma and urine using a LC-MS/MS method: application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Chengtao Lu, Yanyan Jia, Jing Yang, Xin Jin, Ying Song, Wenxing Liu, Yi Ding, Xiaoli Sun, Aidong Wen
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

A sensitive and specific liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of ivabradine and its active metabolite N-desmethylivabradine in human plasma and urine. The assay employed a single liquid–liquid extraction of the analytes from plasma and urine samples, and diazepam was used as internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Diamonsil C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm, Dikma) using a mixture of methanol and aqueous 5 mM ammonium acetate buffer containing 0.2% formic acid (80:20, v/v) as mobile phase. The assay for ivabradine and N-desmethylivabradine in plasma showed good linearity (r≥0.99) over the ranges 0.1013–101.3 ng/mL and 0.085–25.5 ng/mL, respectively. The assay for ivabradine and N-desmethylivabradine in urine showed good linearity (r≥0.99) over the ranges 10.13–6078 ng/mL and 8.5–850 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision values were found to be within the assay variability limits (RSD<15%) in accordance with FDA guidelines. The methods were successfully used for evaluating the pharmacokinetic properties of ivabradine and N-desmethylivabradine in human plasma and urine in Chinese healthy volunteers.
Oral versus intravenous antibiotics for community acquired lower respiratory tract infection in a general hospital: open, randomised controlled trial
Authors: R. Chan, L. Hemeryck, M. O'Regan, L. Clancy, J. Feely
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To see whether there is a difference in outcome between patients treated with oral and intravenous antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection. <b>Design</b>: Open controlled trial in patients admitted consecutively and randomised to treatment with either oral co-amoxiclav, intravenous followed by oral co-amoxiclav, or intravenous followed by oral cephalosporins. <b>Setting</b>: Large general hospital in Dublin. <b>Patients</b>: 541 patients admitted for lower respiratory tract infection during one year. Patients represented 87% of admissions with the diagnosis and excluded those who were immunocompromised and patients with severe life threatening infection. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Cure, partial cure, extended antibiotic treatment, change of antibiotic, death, and cost and duration of hospital stay. <b>Results</b>: There were no significant differences between the groups in clinical outcome or mortality (6%). However, patients randomised to oral coamoxiclav had a significantly shorter hospital stay than the two groups given intravenous antibiotic (median 6 v 7 and 9 days respectively). In addition, oral antibiotics were cheaper, easier to administer, and if used routinely in the 800 or so patients admitted annually would lead to savings of around pounds sterling176000 a year. <b>Conclusions</b>: Oral antibiotics in community acquired lower respiratory tract infection are at least as efficacious as intravenous therapy. Their use reduces labour and equipment costs and may lead to earlier discharge from hospital. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages In patients who are not immunocompromised and do not have severe life threatening infections—that is, most—co-amoxiclav by the oral route is as effective as intravenous co-amoxiclav or third generation cephalosporins Oral treatment is easier to administer, cheaper, and associated with earlier discharge from hospital The continued routine use of intravenous antibiotics in these patients cannot be justified
Summary of the four articles on Zenker's diverticulum endotherapy
Authors: T. Rösch
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum by flexible endoscopy consists of splitting the bridge between the diverticulum and the proximal esophagus, using different methods (needle-knife cutting, argon plasma coagulation, or coagulation forceps). Generally an esophageal feeding tube is used to help to keep the contralateral esophageal wall at a distance and a mucosectomy cap to provide a better view and stability of the operating field, or - most recently - an overtube with a distal rim which rides on the septum has been employed. All these techniques are reported in four uncontrolled studies in this issue of Endoscopy; complications were mostly minor and no patient had to undergo emergency surgery. Cervical emphysema does, however, occur: a word of caution that this eventuality must be taken seriously is certainly justified. Clinical recurrence occurs in around 20 % of cases and can mostly be treated again. It remains for future comparative trials to show which technique is the best and how recurrence can be avoided. In an accompanying Editorial (p. 154), the articles are discussed from the surgical perspective.
Activation of Dopamine D<sub>2</sub>-like Receptors Attenuates Pulmonary C-Fiber Hypersensitivity in Rats
Authors: You Shuei Lin, Qihai Gu, Lu-Yuan Lee
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

This study was performed to determine whether activation of dopamine D2-like receptors inhibits the hyperresponsiveness of pulmonary C fibers induced by inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In anesthetized, open-chest rats, constant infusion of PGE2 (1.5-4.5 microg/kg per minute, 2 minutes) significantly enhanced the C-fiber response to capsaicin injection. At 20 minutes after pretreatment with quinpirole (3 mg/kg, intravenous), a D2-like receptor agonist, the hyperresponsiveness to capsaicin of the same C fibers induced by PGE2 infusion was markedly attenuated, and this inhibitory effect lasted for more than 90 minutes. The effect of quinpirole was dose dependent and was antagonized by pretreatment with domperidone (5 mg/kg, intravenous), a D2-like receptor antagonist, administrated 10 minutes before the quinpirole injection. In a separate series of experiments, C-fiber responses to injections of phenyl biguanide and lactic acid and to constant-pressure lung inflation were augmented by PGE2; these potentiating responses were also significantly reduced by quinpirole. Furthermore, the effect of quinpirole was equally effective in inhibiting the increase in excitability of pulmonary C fibers induced by alveolar hypercapnia or constant infusion of adenosine. In conclusion, these results clearly show that activation of the dopamine D2-like receptors attenuates the hyperresponsiveness of pulmonary C fibers to both chemical stimuli and lung inflation.
Diagnosis of Resectable Pancreatic Carcinomas by means of ERCP and Intraoperative Fine-Needle Biopsy
Authors: K. Schwamberger, E. Bodner
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

In 27 out of 30 resectable carcinomas of the pancreas or the periampullary region we succeeded in recognizing microscopically the malignant nature of the lesion before removing the neoplasm. This was possible 3 times preoperatively during ERCP by means of forceps biopsy taken from the tumorinfiltrated duodenal wall and with 24 patients intraoperatively by means of fine needle biopsy and cytological rapid diagnosis.
Prolonged Exposure to Reduced Levels of Androgen Accelerates Prostate Cancer Progression in <i>Nkx3.1; Pten</i> Mutant Mice
Authors: Whitney Banach-Petrosky, Walter J. Jessen, Xuesong Ouyang, Hui Gao, Jayashree Rao, John Quinn, Bruce J. Aronow, Cory Abate-Shen
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract In this report, we have investigated the relationship between androgen levels and prostate tumorigenesis in Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice, a genetically engineered mouse model of human prostate cancer. By experimentally manipulating serum levels of testosterone in these mice for an extended period (i.e., 7 months), we have found that prolonged exposure of Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice to androgen levels that are 10-fold lower than normal (the “Low-T” group) resulted in a marked acceleration of prostate tumorigenesis compared with those exposed to androgen levels within the reference range (the “Normal-T” group). We found that prostate tumors from the Low-T mutant mice share a similar gene expression profile as androgen-independent prostate tumors from these mutant mice, which includes the deregulated expression of several genes that are up-regulated in human hormone-refractory prostate cancer, such as Vav3 and Runx1. We propose that exposure to reduced androgens may promote prostate tumorigenesis by selecting for molecular events that promote more aggressive, hormone-refractory tumors. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9089–96]
Hemostatic- and Fibrinolytic-Affecting Agents in Experimental Vascular Sensitization
Authors: HARRY DEMOPOULOS, SHELDON G. COHEN, THERESA M. SAPP
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The effect-s of hemostatic- and fibrinolytic-affecting pharmacological agents upon the experimental model of hypersensitivity vascuhitis of the rabbit were studied. The technique of passive reversed subanaphylactic sensitization with bovine serum albumin arid gamma globulin antigen-aritibody systems was utilized in the production of lesions of pulmonary periarteritis and panarteritis, and myocarditis. Experimental procedures included attempts at inducing simultaneous (a) anticoagulant effects at the levels of action of heparin, coumaclin sodium, ethylene-diasirine tetra-acetic acid, and sodium citrate; (b) neutralization of endogenous lieparin release with protamine and hexadimetrine bromide; (3) enhancement of fibrinolytie systems with plasmin, streptokinase, and trypsiii; (d) blood "desludging" with hydroxychioroquine sulfate. Only streptokinase with anti-inflamatory properties exerted a suppressive and attenuating effect on the development of lesions of periarteritis and panarteritis.
NEUROMA CUTIS (DOLOROSUM)
Authors: M. L. HEIDINGSFELD
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Cutaneous neuromas are either exceedingly rare or they have escaped proper recognition and enumeration in a field of specialized medicine preeminent for scrutinous detail and range of investigation. It is note-worthy that every structure of the skin save nerve-tissue has played an important and versatile rôle in the pathology and histogenesis of skin affections. The epidermis and its various layers, hair and its follicles, sweat-glands and ducts, oil-glands, lymph-vessels and blood-vessels, connective and elastic tissue, fat and unstriped muscle fiber have frequently been the seat of reduplication and structural activity, and each has often been accorded much significance and importance in the histogenesis of the host of cutaneous diseases. Nerve tissue, notwithstanding its important and versatile functions, its rich and wide distribution and its well-recognized changes in other localities, alone has escaped important notice, as evidenced by only two well-defined cases of cutaneous neuromas thus far recorded in the literature.
Snapshots of Low-Value Medical Care
Authors: Craig A. Umscheid
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Carrier and dose effects on the pharmacokinetics of T-0128, a camptothecin analogue-carboxymethyl dextran conjugate, in non-tumor- and tumor-bearing rats
Authors: Mitsunori Harada, Jun-ichi Murata, Yumi Sakamura, Hiroyuki Sakakibara, Satoshi Okuno, Takehiko Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2001)