tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-09-11: BP1, a homeoprotein, regulates estrogen receptor alpha and induces estrogen independence
Authors: P Berg, S Kirolikar, E Ginsburg, A Schwartz, S Simmens
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: BP1 is a member of the homeobox gene family of transcription factors. Our recent studies have shown that BP1 may play a role in breast cancer cell survival, aggressiveness and metastasis. BP1 protein (pBP1) is expressed in 80% of invasive ductal breast tumors. Moreover, 100% of inflammatory breast tumors are BP1 positive. These data led us to define the mechanism of BP1-related tumorigenesis and aggressiveness in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: MCF-7/O1, O2 and O4 cells overexpressing BP1 and control V1 and V2 cells were tested for growth in estrogen free media, malignant potential and invasiveness using cell viability assays, soft agar assays and matrigel assays, respectively. To determine the influence of BP1 overexpression on tumor characteristics, empty vector cells (V1) and overexpressor cells (O2 and O4) were injected into the fat pads of athymic nude mice. Mice were supplemented with estrogen pellets or were unsupplemented. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP) were used to validate the binding of pBP1 to ERa and EP300. The effects of BP1 expression on ERα and EP300 were investigated using immunoblotting and qRT-PCR. Effects of BP1 overexpression on tamoxifen sensitivity were measured using the MTT assay. Results: Cells overexpressing BP1 showed higher viability (p&amp;lt;0.05) when grown in the absence of serum, greater invasive potential (p&amp;lt;0.05) and formed larger and more rapidly growing colonies (p&amp;lt;0.0001) compared with cells containing the empty vector. Tumors were larger in mice receiving O1, O2 or O4 cells than in mice receiving V1 or V2 cells (p&amp;lt;0.0001). There was also a positive correlation between BP1 mRNA levels and tumor size in patients (p = 0.01). 20% of mice injected with O2 or O4 developed tumors in the absence of estrogen, in contrast to control mice which did not develop tumors. Several mechanisms of estrogen independence related to BP1 were established: (1) an indirect mechanism, in which BP1 stabilizes ERα protein by transcriptional activation of p300, and (2) a direct mechanism, in which BP1 binds to the first intron of ERα and upregulates ERα RNA and protein expression. In addition, breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1) RNA expression was higher in O2 as compared to V1 cells. Consistent with these findings, O2 cells exhibited increased proliferation when treated with tamoxifen, while V1 cells showed growth inhibition. Conclusion: High BP1 levels can lead to estrogen independence in ER positive breast cancer cells and tumors in mice by at least two mechanisms, indirect and direct, and are associated with resistance to tamoxifen. These results suggest that BP1 may be an important therapeutic target in ER positive breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-09-11.
Polypoid bronchial lesions due to Scedosporium apiospermum in a patient with Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease
Authors: T Murayama, R Amitani, K Tsuyuguchi, I Watanabe, T Kimoto, K Suzuki, E Tanaka, K Kamei, K Nishimura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

A 69 yr old female was hospitalized for further examination of abnormal shadows on chest radiographs. She had a history of tuberculous pleurisy, rheumatoid arthritis and gold-induced interstitial pneumonia. On admission she still suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. A chest computed tomography scan on admission showed clusters of small nodules in subpleural regions of both lungs combined with bronchiectasis. Mycobacterium avium complex was cultured repeatedly from the sputum. Bronchoscopic examination disclosed white-yellow polypoid lesions in the orifice of the left B4 bronchus. Cultures of the brushing specimen of the polypoid lesions and bronchial aspirates from the B4 bronchus yielded smoky-grey mycelial colonies that were later identified as Scedosporium apiospermum. It was concluded that the polypoid bronchial lesions due to Scedosporium apiospermum were formed in the preexisting dilated bronchus caused by Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease.
Lymphoscintigraphy in Patients with Lymphedema
Authors: EIJI OHTAKE, KENGO MATSUI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Forty cases were examined by a new lymphoscintigraphic approach using intradermal injections of Tc- 99m human serum albumin (HSA). Thirty-three patients had lymphedema due to the metastases of a malignant tumor and/or the dissection of lymph nodes. The others were control patients without lymphedema. With the assistance of a computer, sequential images and timeactivity curves of tracer activity in the lymph nodes and the soft tissue were obtained at 30 minutes after injection. An image of the axillary or inguinal lymph nodes was identified 2-6 minutes after injection in control cases. Four main abnormal findings, the delayed appearance of radioactivity and interruption of the lymphatic system, the collateral pathways, and the retrograde lymphatic flow were observed clearly, as was the nonvisualization of the lymph nodes. These abnormalities were observed in a high percentage of patients with moderate lymphedema, as compared with a low percentage of patients with slight lymphedema. The collateral pathways could not be observed in patients with severe lymphedema. Imaging with Tc-99m HSA was considered to be more useful than other techniques, including radiocolloid lymphoscintigraphy, for examining patients with lymphedema.
Should Use the M.D.
Authors: S. L. Henry
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Would it not be well to draw a line between an M.D. and Dr., since the higher medical education is becoming the hobby in the way of journal notoriety, much of it without practical results. The M.D. having been conferred by collegiate authority while the Dr. is the prefix of all quacks. Therefore if the M.D. is worth anything, let it be used at all times by those entitled to do so. I notice the Journal you direct uses the Dr. almost exclusively. Respectfully, etc.,
Diagnosis of Cardiac Device–Related Infective Endocarditis After Device Removal
Authors: Yvan Le Dolley, Franck Thuny, Julien Mancini, Jean-Paul Casalta, Alberto Riberi, Frédérique Gouriet, Emilie Bastard, Sebastien Ansaldi, Frederic Franceschi, Sebastien Renard, Sebastien Prevot, Roch Giorgi, Laurence Tafanelli, Jean-François Avierinos, Didier Raoult, Jean-Claude Deharo, Gilbert Habib
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Interactions of poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic acid-co-ethylene oxide) nanoparticles with the plasma factors of the coagulation system
Authors: Hamid Sahli, Jacqueline Tapon-Bretaudière, Anne-Marie Fischer, Claude Sternberg, Gilles Spenlehauer, Thierry Verrecchia, Denis Labarre
Journal: Biomaterials (1997)
Life-Threatening Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia
Authors: Eduardo R. Noriega
Journal: JAMA (1974)

PNEUMONIA caused by<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>is usually a mild and self-limited infection. However, several overwhelming or fatal instances have been reported, usually in individuals with underlying systemic disease.<sup>1</sup>We shall describe a previously healthy young man who became critically ill with pneumonitis caused by this organism. His clinical course and response to therapy are presented to further characterize the nature of severe pneumonitis due to<i>M pneumoniae</i>. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 25-year-old man was hospitalized after two days of fever, chest pain, and cough productive of scant, yellow sputum. His temperature was 38.8 C (102 F); blood pressure, 120/90 mm Hg; pulse, 100 beats per minute, and respirations, 20/min. Dullness and bronchial breath sounds were noted at the lung bases. The remainder of the physical examination showed no abnormalities. The peripheral white blood cell count was 8,600/cu mm, with a normal differential. Serum cold agglutinins were absent. A
Hemoglobin St. Louis [beta 28 (B10) Leu replaced by Gln]: crystal structure of the fully reduced (deoxy) form.
Authors: N L Anderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The three-dimensional structure of fully reduced Hb St. Louis has been determined to 3.5 A resolution. The difference electron density map clearly shows the site of the mutation and the effects it produces. Glutamine B10 and histidine E7 (the distal histidine) swing towards each other and, between them, stabilize a water molecule in the normally hydrophobic heme pocket. This creation of an aqueous microenvironment near the heme accounts for the thermal instability, high rate of methemoglobin formation, and increased oxygen affinity observed in solution studies of the mutant as described in the preceeding paper. Other than a small increase in tilt of the heme, virtually no further stereochemical disturbances result.
Hypertelorism Associated with Poor Frontal Development of Skull and Bilateral Sprengel's Shoulders
Authors: F. E. James
Journal: BMJ (1959)

MEDICAL JoukN"___ common condition.The significance of a pull on the extended arm in a young child is apparently infrequently recognized and these lesions are therefore diagnosed as "4sprains."At some stage these subluxations presumably reduce spontaneously.In the meantime the children are miserable.The diagnosis is easy and can be made on the telephone; by a very simple manceuvre immediate relief can be obtained. SummaryTwenty-two patients with " pulled elbow " were seen in the accident service during the first six months of 1958.It is thought that the condition has not received adequate recognition in this country.The essential diagnostic features are: (a) a history of a pull on the extended arm of a young child, (b) limita- tion of supination, (c) a palpable click on reduction, and (d) immediate complete relief of symptoms following successful manipulation.Reduction is achieved without a general anaesthetic by applywig gentle thumb pressure over the head of the radius and fully supinating the partially flexed forearm.It is omphasized that this is a condition which can be readily diagnosed and treated by the family doctor.
Prescribing Oxygen for Cluster Headaches
Authors: George H. Sands
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  I read with interest the article by Dr Skorodin 1 discussing current oxygen prescribing practices. The author writes of the various selection criteria for ambulatory oxygen supplementation in patients with chronic lung disease. He also notes the difficulty in obtaining third-party payment for the home use of oxygen. This is a problem not only for patients with chronic respiratory disease but also for patients with cluster headaches, who may also benefit from the use of home oxygen therapy. 2(p231)-4   Cluster headaches may be aborted through the use of 100% oxygen inhalation with a face mask at 8 to 10 L/min for up to 30 minutes. In spite of the fact that oxygen has been shown to be a useful treatment for cluster headaches, third-party payers often balk at paying. The pain of the cluster attack may be so severe that it has been called a suicide headache.
Pancreatic disease in clinical practice
Authors: P B Cotton
Journal: Gut (1982)

Background: A new promising approach to improve the outcome of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the application of radio-labeled antibodies directed against tumor-associated antigens. Cytokeratin 8 (CK8), an intermediate filament forming protein, is shown to be de novo expressed in dysplastic lesions as well as in HNSCC. Therefore like the epithelial cell adhesion molecule CK8 seems to be a suitable anchor molecule for targeted radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to investigate the biodistribution of a radio-labeled Cytokeratin 8-specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) in a SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency disease) mouse model. Materials and Methods: The mAb against CK8 was labeled with <sup>131</sup>I and biodistribution was tested in established HNSCC xenografts in SCID mice. The biodistribution of the mAb in the tumor and different organs was determined with a gamma counter and was calculated as % injected dose/gram tissue. Results: Initially, after systemic administration of <sup>131</sup>I-anti CK8 monoclonal antibody high activity was seen in all the organs. Over time the general activity decreased, whereas activity accumulated in the tumor. This activity decayed compared to the other tissues with a two- to threefold prolonged radioactive half-life. Conclusion: Specific antibody-antigen-binding is probably responsible for the prolonged radioactive half-life in the tumor and the resulting cumulative activity due to enrichment of the <sup>131</sup>I-anti CK8 mAb, so that Cytokeratin 8 seems to be a suitable anchor molecule for radioimmunotherapy in HNSCC.
The effect of regular exercise on cognitive functioning and personality.
Authors: R. J. Young
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1979)

The effect of regular exercise on cognitive functioning and personality was investigated in 32 subjects representing 4 discrete groups based on sex and age. Before and after a 10 week exercise programme of jogging, calisthenics, and recreational activities, a test battery was administered to assess functioning in a number of domains: intelligence (WAIS Digit Symbol and Block Design); brain function (Trail-Making); speed of performance (Crossing-Off); memory and learning (WMS Visual Reproduction and Associate Learning); morale and life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction and Control Ratings); anxiety (MAACL); and depression (MAACL). Improvement was observed on several physiological parameters. ANOVA revealed significant sex and age differences on Digit Symbol and Block Design and age differences on Trail-Making, Crossing-Off, Associate Learning, and anxiety. Regardless of sex and age, significant improvement in performance was observed from pre to post-test on Digit Symbol, Block Design, Trail-Making, Crossing-Off, and on Associate Learning. In addition, an increase on health status rating (p less than .01) and decrease in anxiety were observed from pre to post-test. These data illustrate beneficial effects of exercise on certain measures of cognitive functioning and personality.
A new class of drug carriers: micelles of poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene) block copolymers as microcontainers for drug targeting from blood in brain
Authors: Alexander V. Kabanov, Elena V. Batrakova, Nikolai S. Melik-Nubarov, Nikolai A. Fedoseev, Tatiyana Yu. Dorodnich, Valery Yu. Alakhov, Vladimir P. Chekhonin, Irina R. Nazarova, Victor A. Kabanov
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1992)
Soluble FLT1 sensitizes endothelial cells to inflammatory cytokines by antagonizing VEGF receptor-mediated signalling
Authors: T. Cindrova-Davies, D. A. Sanders, G. J. Burton, D. S. Charnock-Jones
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Pre-eclampsia affects 5-7% of pregnancies, and is a major cause of maternal and foetal death. Elevated serum levels of placentally derived splice variants of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT1), are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis but, as yet, no underlying mechanism has been described. An excessive inflammatory-like response is thought to contribute to the maternal endothelial cell dysfunction that characterizes pre-eclampsia. We hypothesized that sFLT1 antagonizes autocrine VEGF-A signalling, rendering endothelial cells more sensitive to pro-inflammatory factors also released by the placenta. We tested this by manipulating VEGF receptor signalling and treating endothelial cells with low doses of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Application of recombinant sFLT1 alone did not activate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, antagonizing the autocrine actions of endothelial VEGF-A and/or placenta growth factor (PlGF) by pre-incubation with recombinant sFLT1, anti-FLT1, anti-VEGF receptor 2 (KDR), anti-VEGF-A, VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU5614, or knocking-down FLT1 or KDR transcripts rendered cells more sensitive to low doses of TNF-α. Each treatment increased activation, as measured by increases in endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), endothelin 1 (ET-1), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and leucocyte adhesion, and led to reduction in AKT Ser⁴⁷³ and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Ser¹¹⁷⁷ phosphorylation.Our data describe a mechanism by which sFLT1 sensitizes endothelial cells to pro-inflammatory factors, providing an explanation for how placental stress may precipitate the pre-eclamptic syndrome.
Minimum amount of penicillin prophylaxis required to control Streptococcus pyogenes epidemic in closed community.
Authors: A Colling, I Kerr, W R Maxted, J P Widdowson
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The prophylaxis required to control an epidemic of Streptococcus pyogenes throat infection in a junior detention centre has been reported. In a further epidemic an attempt was made to determine the minimum amount of penicillin required to control the outbreak. Oral penicillin (0.5 g) given as a single daily dose for 10 days to all boys after entry proved effective. The added risk of relatively deprived adolescent boys developing rheumatic fever is stressed.
Economic Barriers to the Use of Oral Rehydration Therapy
Authors: Alan Meyers
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Diarrheal dehydration is a highly prevalent condition among young children and is readily prevented and treated with oral rehydration therapy. We report a death due to hypernatremic dehydration caused by rotavirus diarrhea of a 9-month-old infant whose mother attempted to purchase oral glucose-electrolyte solution in a pharmacy but was unable to afford it. While efforts such as the National ORT Project should help to promote the proper at-home treatment of this condition, we conclude that oral rehydration therapy will not be used optimally by the parents of children living in poverty until the economic barriers to its use are removed. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1724-1725)
ROENTGENOLOGIC ASPECT OF PNEUMONOCONIOSIS AND ITS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Authors: HENRY K. PANCOAST
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In view of the more recent pathologic and histologic studies, added clinical experience and a much better knowledge of the condition, physicians are now at a loss to define pneumonoconiosis and its most frequent industrial form of silicosis in any simple terms such as have been applied in the past. The general term of pneumonoconiosis must still be adhered to because other dusts than silica are capable of producing definite histologic changes in the lung structure, as coal dust, certain silicates and possibly many others, but the effects of which require further study. It is the prevailing impression that pulmonary fibrosis is the essential and characteristic feature of pneumonoconiosis in general, but in reality this is the terminal effect. Probably certain intermediate changes are of very considerable importance except in the way of the terminal disability. In discussing pneumonoconiosis, we are giving consideration to only those histologic changes which are
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis
Authors: L ALDEN PARKER, LAWRENCE M. VINCENT, MATTHEW A. MAURO, J RANDOLPH PERRY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Extramedullary hematopoiesis occurring in the thorax is a well-known complication of a number of various blood dyscrasias, and its appearance with planar Tc-99m sulfur colloid marrow scintigraphy and transmission computed tomography (CT) has been described previously. The authors present a case of thoracic extramedullary hematopoiesis evaluated by CT and emission computed tomography (ECT).
Serco out of hours service in Cornwall was understaffed, finds watchdog
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The private company Serco employed too few doctors and failed to train its staff sufficiently to protect patients using the out of hours service it operates in Cornwall, the health and social care watchdog in England has found.1

During Easter weekend last year three doctors worked double shifts of 13 hours through the night, and four worked 11 hour daytime shifts because Serco had been unable to employ sufficient staff, found the Care Quality Commission. Doctors’ drivers worked similar hours.

At other times GPs shifts were unfilled, leading to a slower service, and GPs were taken off home visits to take telephone calls to the call centre, something …
Phase 2 study of azacytidine plus sorafenib in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and FLT-3 internal tandem duplication mutation
Authors: Farhad Ravandi, Mona Lisa Alattar, Michael R. Grunwald, Michelle A. Rudek, Trivikram Rajkhowa, Mary Ann Richie, Sherry Pierce, Naval Daver, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Stefan Faderl, Aziz Nazha, Marina Konopleva, Gautam Borthakur, Jan Burger, Tapan Kadia, Sara Dellasala, Michael Andreeff, Jorge Cortes, Hagop Kantarjian, Mark Levis
Journal: Blood (2013)
How to evaluate papers given at medical meetings: use of the SPEAKER index.
Authors: D A Shephard
Journal: BMJ (1979)

non-binding fraction and the composition of amniotic fluid altered accordingly.This is apparently so.Since affinity chromatography is more complicated than con- ventional AFP assay it will probably be used on selected samples.If the method proves as reliable as suggested here, an appropriate strategy would be to lower the cut-off value to three standard devia- tions above the mean total AFP concentration and subject all samples with concentrations above this value to con-A-binding studies.Theoretically, this would give a high incidence of detection of open spina bifida with a specificity of nearly 100%.
Nuanced roles of cytokines in three major human brain disorders
Authors: Lawrence Steinman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The three most prevalent human disorders of the CNS in which immunity and inflammation are likely to have vital roles (excluding infection of the CNS) are fever, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Alzheimer disease (AD). As reviewed here, cytokines are critical in the induction of fever, the pathogenesis of MS, and the pathobiology of AD. Indeed, antibodies targeting cytokines have been used as a therapy for individuals with unusual and persistent febrile reactions not responsive to common antipyretics, while a recombinant cytokine is the most popular treatment for the relapsing-remitting form of MS. Although cytokine-modulating therapies are not currently in clinical use for the treatment of AD, cytokines can ameliorate disease pathology in certain experimental models of AD, suggesting a potential for future therapeutic opportunities.
Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. A clinical update from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)
Authors: Charles A. Herzog, Richard W. Asinger, Alan K. Berger, David M. Charytan, Javier Díez, Robert G. Hart, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Bertram L. Kasiske, Peter A. McCullough, Rod S. Passman, Stephanie S. DeLoach, Patrick H. Pun, Eberhard Ritz
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Bismuth induced encephalopathy caused by tri potassium dicitrato bismuthate in a patient with chronic renal failure.
Authors: R J Playford, C H Matthews, M J Campbell, H T Delves, K K Hla, H J Hodgson, J Calam
Journal: Gut (1990)

A 68 year old man with a creatinine clearance rate of only 15 ml/min took twice the recommended dose of tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (TDB) as DeNol liquid; 10 ml qds; a total of 864 mg bismuth daily for two months. Whole blood bismuth concentrations rose to 880 micrograms/l and he developed global cerebral dysfunction with hallucinations, ataxia, and an abnormal EEG. Renal clearance of bismuth rose from 0.24 to 2.4 ml/min when the heavy metal chelator 2-3 dimercapto-1 propane sulphonic acid (DMPS) was given by mouth. Bismuth was measured by a novel method involving inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry. Fifty days after stopping TDB, whole blood bismuth concentrations fell to 46 micrograms/l and the patient9s EEG returned to normal. His mental function also recovered completely. The case serves as a timely reminder that TDB should not be administered to patients with renal disorders, as stated in the data sheet.