tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Value of measuring end tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide as an adjunct to treadmill exercise testing
Authors: J. B Chambers, P. J Kiff, W. N Gardner, G. Jackson, C. Bass
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The end tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco<sub>2</sub>) was measured during treadmill exercise in 30 normal controls and 113 patients referred for assessment of chest pain. Among the 92 patients without significant ST depression hypocapnia occurred more often in those reporting “typical” than “atypical” chest pain (17 of 22 patients compared with 29 of 70; p&lt;0·01). Hypocapnia was uncommon in patients with significant ST depression whether reporting typical or atypical chest pain (one of 10 patients and two of 11, respectively). Hypocapnia at rest (Pco<sub>2</sub> &lt;4 kPa) occurred in 16 (14%) patients but in only one control. Hypocapnia occurred during or after exercise in only one control and three of the 21 patients with significant ST depression on exercise (group 1). The remaining 92 patients were divided into those with a history suggestive of hyperventilation (group 2; n=30) and those without (group 3; n=62). Hypocapnia developed significantly more often in both these groups (21 and 25 patients respectively) than in controls or patients with significant ST depression. An abnormal response of the Pco<sub>2</sub> to exercise provided objective data to support a clinical suspicion of chest pain induced by hyperventilation in 24 cases, suggested a cause for equivocal ST depression other than coronary stenosis in five patients, and led to the diagnosis of previously unsuspected respiratory disease in 14 patients. Measurement of end tidal Pco<sub>2</sub> gives additional valuable diagnostic information during the conventional treadmill exercise test in patients with both typical and atypical chest pain.
Abstract 1510: Different change of LEF1/TCFs family members in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Authors: Wenxiao Han, Bangrong Cao, Hongying Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Wnt/β-catenin pathway is activated in many cancers, especially colorectal carcinoma (CRC). LEF1/TCFs family, which includes LEF1, TCF7(TCF1), TCF7L1(TCF3) and TCF7L2(TCF4), are required for β-catenin-induced transcription of target genes which are widely involved in the carcinogenesis. The aims of our study were to investigate the change of the members of LEF1/TCFs family in chronic inflammation associated colorectal carcinogenesis and the possible roles in carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation-associated CRC was induced with the AOM-DSS mouse model. Gene expression array experiment was performed with the colonic tissue samples which were collected at different time points during the carcinogenesis. Data analysis strongly indicated that Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated in chronic inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the members of LEF1/TCFs family showed different changes. The mRNA levels of LEF1 and TCF1 increased while the mRNA levels of TCF3 and TCF4 decreased with the formation of CRC, which were confirmed with real-time PCR. Although some of Wnt target genes were significantly up-regulated, such as MMP7 and Axin2, some were down-regulated, such as Nrcam. Most importantly, the members of LEF1/TCFs family showed the same expression profile in the human samples from normal colon, low grade adenoma, high grade adenoma and CRC. But the mRNA levels of the members were not correlated with the grade of CRC. Moreover, almost all of the target genes up-regulated in AOM-DSS model also increased in human CRC. Finally, prognosis analysis showed that up-regulation of LEF1, TCF1 and corresponding target genes were correlated with higher survival rate (p=0.0068). TCF3, TCF4 and the target genes down-regulated in AOM-DSS model were correlated with disease-free survival rate (p=0.03). Taken together, the members of LEF1/TCFs family changed differently in CRC independent of the status of inflammation. Members of LEF1/TCFs family combined with target genes may be potential prognostic biomarkers for CRC. Citation Format: Wenxiao Han, Bangrong Cao, Hongying Wang. Different change of LEF1/TCFs family members in colorectal carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1510. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1510
Cerium oxide nanoparticles attenuate monocrotaline induced right ventricular hypertrophy following pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Madhukar B. Kolli, Nandini D.P.K. Manne, Radhakrishna Para, Siva K. Nalabotu, Geeta Nandyala, Tolou Shokuhfar, Kun He, Azhang Hamlekhan, Jane Y. Ma, Paulette S. Wehner, Lucy Dornon, Ravikumar Arvapalli, Kevin M. Rice, Eric R. Blough
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
<emph type="ital">CYP2C19</emph> Genotype and Cardiovascular Events—Reply
Authors: Steven E. Nissen
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
States that opt out of Medicaid expansion stand to lose billions
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

US states that choose not to expand their Medicaid programs, as intended by the Affordable Care Act 2010, will give up billions in annual federal payments and face substantial bills for the cost of uncompensated care, concludes a study by the RAND Corporation.1 At the same time they would be denying access to health insurance to millions of their residents who otherwise would have been covered, it says.

Under the 2010 law Medicaid was to be expanded nationwide next year to provide health insurance to people above the poverty level but with an annual income below 138% of that level, about $15 400 (£10 000; €11 800) for an individual and $31 800 for a family of four.2

The federal government was to pay 100% of the cost of the new coverage to 2016. Thereafter the states’ …
Control of pain in adults with cancer: summary of SIGN guidelines
Authors: P J Cormie, M Nairn, J Welsh
Journal: BMJ (2008)

About a third of patients with cancer report pain, rising to three quarters in the advanced stages of the disease.1 Cancer pain has many dimensions including psychological, physical, social, and spiritual, which must be addressed in order to improve quality of life and functional ability. Surveys show that the effectiveness of pain control in patients with cancer varies, with 12% to 51% of patients reporting unsatisfactory pain control.2 3 This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) on the control of pain in adults with cancer.4 SIGN recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. The strength of the evidence is graded as A, B, C, or D (fig 1⇓), but the grading does not reflect the clinical importance of the recommendations. Recommended best practice ("good practice points") based on the clinical experience of the guideline development group is also indicated (as GPP). Fig 1 Explanation of SIGN grades of recommendations ### Factors affecting patients ### Psychosocial factors Psychological factors can profoundly influence the perception of pain and how the patient responds behaviourally and emotionally. The meaning of pain for patients with cancer may differ from that for patients with non-life threatening illness. Some patients with cancer may see increased pain as a sign of disease progression or the failure of strong medication, and this may affect mood and adherence to treatment protocols.
EFFECT OF PLASTIC OCCLUSIVE DRESSINGS ON PSORIATIC EPIDERMIS
Authors: LIONEL FRY, JOHN ALMEYDA, R. M. H. McMINN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article EFFECT OF PLASTIC OCCLUSIVE DRESSINGS ON PSORIATIC EPIDERMIS Get access LIONEL FRY, LIONEL FRY Departments of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JOHN ALMEYDA, JOHN ALMEYDA The London Hospital, London, E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. M. H. McMINN R. M. H. McMINN The Department of Anatomy, King's College, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 82, Issue 5, 1 May 1970, Pages 458–462, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb02206.x Published: 01 May 1970 Article history Accepted: 22 December 1969 Published: 01 May 1970
A novel Leu153Ser mutation of the Fanconi anemia FANCD2 gene is associated with severe chemotherapy toxicity in a pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: A Borriello, A Locasciulli, A M Bianco, M Criscuolo, V Conti, P Grammatico, S Cappellacci, A Zatterale, F Morgese, V Cucciolla, D Delia, F Della Ragione, A Savoia
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Allergic Reactions to Corticosteroid Therapy
Authors: John A. Romankiewicz
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Allergic reactions to corticosteroid therapy are a relatively rare phenomena. This communication describes a patient who experienced allergic skin reactions to two different corticosteroid preparations. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 55-year-old man with Waldenström macroglobulinemia was admitted to The New York Hospital because of a total body rash. The diagnosis of Waldenström macroglobulinemia had been made nine months prior to admission. Seven days prior to his first admission, elective therapy with chlorambucil and prednisone was initiated for treatment of the Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Within 24 hours, periorbital swelling and an erythematous, nonconfluent, papular, pruritic rash on the neck, upper chest, and upper back was noted. Chlorambucil and prednisone therapy was discontinued the following day. The rash subsequently became confluent, macular, scaly, and involved the total body with exception of the face. The patient was started on a regimen of hydroxyzine orally, 25 mg four times per day; dexamethasone,
Fasting Plasma Glucose at 24–28 Weeks to Screen for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wei-wei Zhu, Ling Fan, Hui-xia Yang, Ling-ying Kong, Shi-ping Su, Zi-lian Wang, Ya-Li Hu, Mei-hua Zhang, Li-Zhou Sun, Yang Mi, Xiu-ping Du, Hua Zhang, Yun-hui Wang, Yin-ping Huang, Li-ruo Zhong, Hai-rong Wu, Nan Li, Yun-feng Wang, Anil Kapur
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

To evaluate the usefulness of a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at 24-28 weeks' gestation to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).The medical records and results of a 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of 24,854 pregnant women without known pre-GDM attending prenatal clinics in 15 hospitals in China were examined.FPG cutoff value of 5.1 mmol/L identified 3,149 (12.1%) pregnant women with GDM. FPG cutoff value of 4.4 mmol/L ruled out GDM in 15,369 (38.2%) women. With use of this cutoff point, 12.2% of patients with mild GDM will be missed. The positive predictive value is 0.322, and the negative predictive value is 0.928.FPG at 24-28 weeks' gestation could be used as a screening test to identify GDM patients in low-resource regions. Women with an FPG between ≥4.4 and ≤5.0 mmol/L would require a 75-g OGTT to diagnose GDM. This would help to avoid approximately one-half (50.3%) of the formal 75-g OGTTs in China.
Gram-negative Bacillary Meningitis
Authors: Robert H. Gates
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The report of gram-negative bacillary meningitis successfully treated by intravenous (IV) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole presented in this issue ofThe Journalby Hickstein and Dillon (p 1212) illustrates the difficulty encountered in therapy for this infection and the need to monitor efficacy by following CSF bactericidal levels of the antibiotic employed. The authors present an example of meningitis after a neurosurgical procedure caused by a gram-negative aerobic bacillus refractory to antibiotic therapy. Although gram-negative bacillary meningitis represents only a portion of the total cases of bacterial meningitis, it has long been associated with a significant mortality (40% to 70%) and excessive morbidity.<sup>1</sup>Spurred by recent experience with the newer β-lactam antibiotics (moxalactam disodium and cefotaxime sodium) and the availability of an IV preparation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, more reports of the successful therapy for gram-negative meningitis are appearing in the literature.<sup>2</sup> In the present report, chloramphenicol, an antibiotic traditionally used to treat
Book Review Prozac as a Way of Life (Studies in Social Medicine.) Edited by Carl Elliott and Tod Chambers. 211 pp. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 2004. $39.95 (cloth); $19.95 (paper). 0-8078-2880-7 (cloth); 0-8078-5551-0 (paper).
Authors: Mark Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)
The Natural History of the Klinefelter Syndrome. American College of Physicians Award Lecture.
Authors: M. L. Barr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Natural History of the Klinefelter Syndrome. American College of Physicians Award Lecture.M. L. Barr, M.D.M. L. Barr, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-682_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRecent advances in human cytogenetics have broadened our concept of the natural history of Klinefelter's syndrome (seminiferous tubule dysgenesis), especially with respect to etiology. Errors in the segregation of daughter sex chromosomes during miosis or an early mitotic division of the zygote lead to intersexual sex chromosome complexes. The most common is XXY; others are XXYY, XXXY, XXXXY, or a cellular mosaicism in which a cell line contains one of the foregoing complexes.Embryological development is normal; so is prepubertal development, aside from mental retardation, in perhaps one patient in four, and a scarcity of spermatogonia. However, several congenital defects... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: London, Ontario Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 682-682KeywordsChromosomesCongenital disordersCytogeneticsEtiologyIntellectual disability Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Eivind James Dullforce
Authors: Sarah Weidmann, Jeremy Shindler
Journal: BMJ (2006)

of medicine at Oxford, Emory, Yale, and Washington, who discovered the pathology of fever in infections and advocated death with dignity At the height of the brain drain, when Britain was haemorrhaging researchers to the United States, Paul Beeson left a chair of medicine at Yale to become Nuffield professor of medicine at Oxford.He reformed the curriculum, edited two textbooks and the Oxford Companion to Medicine, and laid the foundations for Oxford's pre-eminence in infectious diseases.He was awarded an honorary KBE.Beeson inspired generations of students with his concern for patients.He showed that hepatitis could be transmitted by blood transfusion, and brought new insights into the causes of high persistent fevers.He also discovered the cytokine interleukin-1.During the second world war he was one of the volunteer US doctors who staffed Harvard Hospital in Salisbury.He was professor of medicine at three US universities: Emory, Yale, and Washington.Although he started as a conservative who intended to follow a career in private practice, he ended as a liberal concerned with the uninsured and old, medical ethics, and the medical consequences of nuclear warfare.Professor John Stein of Oxford University told the BMJ, "Paul Beeson was a wonderful clinician, and incredibly kind to young people like me."Paul Beeson was born in rural Montana, United States, and brought up in Anchorage, Alaska, where
700. Regression of Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Single Administration of IL-12 and B7.1 Genes Via Electroporation
Authors: Jiaguo Liu, Marina Torrero, Shulin Li
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Plasmid-based intratumoral injection of IL-12 gene via electroporation is safe, inexpensive and simple, but multiple administrations are required to induce a 40% tumor regression and long-term antitumor memory (Li et al, 2002, JNCI). IL-12-combined B7.1 gene therapy improved the therapeutic efficacy, but the underlying mechanism is less understood, and the delivery of the combined therapeutic genes using electroporation for treating malignant carcinomas is largely unexplored. In this report, electroporation-based IL-12 and B7.1-combined gene therapy was studied in a murine squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) model, SCCVII. A single injection of IL-12 and B7.1 plasmid DNA via electroporation eradicated tumors in 80% of mice, which was superior to IL-12 gene alone in both the inhibition of tumor growth (P = 0.002) and extension of survival time (P = 0.007). The IL-12-combined B7.1 electro-gene therapy-mediated tumor eradication was associated with an increased tumor-specific CTL activity (P=0.0001), and with an extended duration of B7.1 expression (P<0.05). Neither IL-12 therapy, nor B7.1 therapy alone produced similar results. Importantly, we discovered that the absence of Stat1 expression in the host mice minimized both the level and the duration of B7.1 expression mediated by the IL-12-combined B7.1 therapy in tumors, as determined by using syngeneic Stat1-/- mice. This study provided an important alternative approach for simultaneously delivering both IL-12 and B7.1 genes for effectively treating tumors, and revealed a novel molecular basis for improved therapeutic efficacy.
Separation of Risks and Benefits of Seafood Intake
Authors: Esben Budtz-Jørgensen, Philippe Grandjean, Pal Weihe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Fish and seafood provide important nutrients but may also contain toxic contaminants, such as methylmercury. Advisories against pollutants may therefore conflict with dietary recommendations. In resolving this conundrum, most epidemiologic studies provide little guidance because they address either nutrient benefits or mercury toxicity, not both.Impact on the same health outcomes by two exposures originating from the same food source provides a classical example of confounding. To explore the extent of this bias, we applied structural equation modeling to data from a prospective study of developmental methylmercury neurotoxicity in the Faroe Islands.Adjustment for the benefits conferred by maternal fish intake during pregnancy resulted in an increased effect of the prenatal methylmercury exposure, as compared with the unadjusted results. The dietary questionnaire response is likely to be an imprecise proxy for the transfer of seafood nutrients to the fetus, and this imprecision may bias the confounder-adjusted mercury effect estimate. We explored the magnitude of this bias in sensitivity analysis assuming a range of error variances. At realistic imprecision levels, mercury-associated deficits increased by up to 2-fold when compared with the unadjusted effects.These results suggest that uncontrolled confounding from a beneficial parameter, and imprecision of this confounder, may cause substantial underestimation of the effects of a toxic exposure. The adverse effects of methylmercury exposure from fish and seafood are therefore likely to be underestimated by unadjusted results from observational studies, and the extent of this bias will be study dependent.
Targeting of tumor endothelium by RGD-grafted PLGA-nanoparticles loaded with Paclitaxel
Authors: Fabienne Danhier, Benoît Vroman, Nathalie Lecouturier, Nathalie Crokart, Vincent Pourcelle, Hélène Freichels, Christine Jérôme, Jacqueline Marchand-Brynaert, Olivier Feron, Véronique Préat
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Oral steroids and doxycycline: Two different approaches to treat nasal polyps
Authors: Thibaut Van Zele, Philippe Gevaert, Gabriele Holtappels, Achim Beule, Peter John Wormald, Susanne Mayr, Greet Hens, Peter Hellings, Fenna A. Ebbens, Wytske Fokkens, Paul Van Cauwenberge, Claus Bachert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
High stored iron levels are associated with excess risk of myocardial infarction in eastern Finnish men.
Authors: J T Salonen, K Nyyssönen, H Korpela, J Tuomilehto, R Seppänen, R Salonen
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Iron can induce lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo in humans and has promoted ischemic myocardial injury in experimental animals. We tested the hypothesis that high serum ferritin concentration and high dietary iron intake are associated with an excess risk of acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Randomly selected men (n = 1,931), aged 42, 48, 54, or 60 years, who had no symptomatic coronary heart disease at entry, were examined in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) in Eastern Finland between 1984 and 1989. Fifty-one of these men experienced an acute myocardial infarction during an average follow-up of 3 years. On the basis of a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, examination year, cigarette pack-years, ischemic ECG in exercise test, maximal oxygen uptake, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, serum copper, blood leukocyte count, and serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglyceride concentrations, men with serum ferritin greater than or equal to 200 micrograms/l had a 2.2-fold (95% CI, 1.2-4.0; p less than 0.01) risk factor-adjusted risk of acute myocardial infarction compared with men with a lower serum ferritin. An elevated serum ferritin was a strong risk factor for acute myocardial infarction in all multivariate models. This association was stronger in men with serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration of 5.0 mmol/l (193 mg/dl) or more than in others. Also, dietary iron intake had a significant association with the disease risk in a Cox model with the same covariates. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a high stored iron level, as assessed by elevated serum ferritin concentration, is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.