tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN INTRACELLULAR PROTEIN INTERMEDIATE FOR HEMOGLOBIN FORMATION*
Authors: William B. Greenough, Theodore Peters, E. Donnall Thomas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1962)

Iron and amino acids enter young red cells and are incorporated into hemoglobin, but the pathway of iron after entering the erythroblast is not understood nor is it clear in what sequence iron, protoporphyrin, and globin join to form a complete hemoglobin molecule. Several lines of evidence have suggested the presence of an intracellular, nonheme iron protein that may be an intermediate in the formation of hemoglobin (1-10). This report describes a protein fraction from human and dog marrow cells which appears from isotopic studies to be such a precursor of hemoglobin. It does not contain heme, and it can be readily differentiated from siderophilin and ferritin.
ABC of child abuse. Medical reports.
Authors: R. Meadow, B. Mitchels
Journal: BMJ (1989)

NotificationA doctor who is worried that a child has been abused will telephone the local head of the social work department, whether in the hospital social work department or a community district.It is wise to follow up the conversation with a brief letter stating the cause of concern so that there is no chance of it being forgotten.The letter, marked confidential, may be brief but should be written in language understandable to a non- medical person. Medical reportsFormal reports are required by the courts whenever medical evidence is being used in child abuse or child custody cases.Great care must be taken over the construction of the report so that your opinion is clear.Sometimes a solicitor will ask you to address particular issues in detail but quite often the doctor is asked merely for a "medical report.
Radioisotopic Angiocardiography: A New Diagnostic Tool.
Authors: Joseph P. Kriss
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Radioisotopic Angiocardiography: A New Diagnostic Tool.Joseph P. Kriss, M.D., Philip Matin, M.D.Joseph P. Kriss, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Philip Matin, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1078_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptUsing a scintillation camera modified for audio-video tape recording and subsequent replay during selected time periods, the course of an intravenously injected radioactive bolus through the heart and lungs may be delineated. If the radioactive signal is large but not too high in energy and the injected bolus is small, the resolution of the resulting image is very good. These requirements are met by injecting 10 mc of 99mTc-petechnetate, a radiopharmaceutical that has a short half-life (6 hr) and ideal physical characteristics for scintillography. Optimization of the image is made possible by adjusting controls on the television monitor and on... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Joseph P. Kriss, M.D.; Philip Matin, M.D.Affiliations: Stanford, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1078-1078KeywordsAngiocardiographyHalf lifeHeartLungs ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Statins and Fracture Risk
Authors: Sean Hennessy
Journal: JAMA (2001)

1994;91:5070-5074. 6. Kimura T, Nakata K, Tsumaki N, et al. Progressive degeneration of articular cartilage and intervertebral discs: an experimental study in transgenic mice bearing a type IX collagen mutation. Int Orthop. 1996;20:177-181. 7. Muragaki Y, Mariman EC, van Beersum SE, et al. A mutation in the gene encoding the a2 chain of the fibril-associated collagen IX, COL9A2, causes multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (EDM2). Nat Genet. 1996;12:103-105. 8. Holden P, Canty EG, Mortier GR, et al. Identification of novel pro-a2(IX) collagen gene mutations in two families with distinctive oligo-epiphyseal forms of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Am J Hum Genet. 1999;65:31-38. 9. Paassilta P, Lohiniva J, Annunen S, et al. COL9A3: a third locus for multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Am J Hum Genet. 1999;64:1036-1044. 10. Lohiniva J, Paassilta P, Seppanen U, et al. Splicing mutations in the COL3 domain of collagen IX cause multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet. 2000; 90:216-222. 11. Bonnemann CG, Cox GF, Shapiro F, et al. A mutation in the a3 chain of type IX collagen causes autosomal dominant multiple epiphyseal dysplasia with mild myopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:1212-1217. 12. Korkko J, Annunen S, Pihlajamaa T, et al. Conformation sensitive gel electrophoresis for simple and accurate detection of mutations: comparison with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and nucleotide sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:1681-1685. 13. Annunen S, Paassilta P, Lohiniva J, et al. An allele of COL9A2 associated with intervertebral disc disease. Science. 1999;285:409-412. 14. Heliovaara M. Risk factors for low back pain and sciatica. Ann Med. 1989; 21:257-264. 15. Battie MC, Videman T, Gibbons LE, et al. Determinants of lumbar disc degeneration: a study relating lifetime exposures and magnetic resonance imaging findings in identical twins. Spine. 1995;20:2601-2612. 16. Varlotta GP, Brown MD, Kelsey JL, Golden AL. Familial predisposition for herniation of a lumbar disc in patients who are less than twenty-one years old. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1991;73:124-128. 17. Jensen MC, Brant-Zawadzki MN, Obuchowski N, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. N Engl J Med. 1994; 331:69-73. 18. Richards AJ, Baguley DM, Yates JR, et al. Variation in the vitreous phenotype of Stickler syndrome can be caused by different amino acid substitutions in the X position of the type II collagen Gly-X-Y triple helix. Am J Hum Genet. 2000;67: 1083-1094. 19. Kramer RZ, Venugopal MG, Bella J, et al. Staggered molecular packing in crystals of a collagen-like peptide with a single charged pair. J Mol Biol. 2000;301: 1191-1205. 20. Watanabe H, Nakata K, Kimata K, et al. Dwarfism and age-associated spinal degeneration of heterozygote cmd mice defective in aggrecan. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:6943-6947.
Cigarette Advertising and Media Coverage of Smoking and Health
Authors: Kenneth E. Warner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

ON November 7, 1983, Newsweek published a supplement on "Personal Health Care" prepared by the American Medical Association (AMA) with financial support from the magazine. "This special supplement," the text stated, "offers easily understandable information on good health from the most knowledgeable and dependable source available: the medical profession itself." The supplement promised to discuss "the most important things" related to health and devoted full pages among its 16 pages of text to detailed advice on diet, exercise, weight control, and stress. Although the Surgeon General of the United States has labeled cigarette smoking "the chief, single, avoidable cause of . . .
Gastric ulcer and gastritis
Authors: M. W. L. Gear, S. C. Truelove, R. Whitehead
Journal: Gut (1971)

The gastritis associated with chronic gastric ulcer has been studied by means of biopsy specimens taken under vision through a fibreoptic gastroscope from four standard sites in the stomach. Observations have been made in patients with untreated gastric ulcer and also in patients after medical or surgical treatment of the ulcer. The gastritis is usually widespread in chronic peptic ulcer of the body of the stomach, whereas it is commonly more localized in chronic prepyloric ulcer. Superficial or atrophic gastritis has been found to persist or even worsen after healing of the ulcer, whether the treatment was medical or surgical. This finding suggests that gastritis is the basic disease process and that gastric ulceration is a secondary phenomenon.
Evaluation of Enzyme Testing for the Detection of Myocardial Infarction Following Direct Coronary Surgery
Authors: EDWIN L. ALDERMAN, HARVEY J. MATLOF, NORMAN E. SHUMWAY, DONALD C. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1973)

The serial measurement of postoperative serum enzymes has been proposed as an important method for identifying myocardial infarction following aortocoronary graft surgery. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, creatine phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase levels were determined during the initial five days following direct coronary artery surgery in 112 patients. Enzyme test results were analyzed by frequency distribution plots. Twelve patients (10.7%) developed definite electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction within two weeks of surgery, seven on the first postoperative day. A general correlation of higher serum enzyme values and electrocardiographic evidence for myocardial infarction was established. However, the use of arbitrarily selected 90th percentile enzyme levels yielded a substantial number of false-negative and false-positive results as compared with electrocardiographic diagnosis. The 90th percentile levels were substantially higher following multi-vessel surgery, compared with single-vessel surgery. Thus, analysis of serum enzymes following coronary surgery was found to be a useful, but not definitive adjunct in identifying patients suspect for operative infarction.
Botulinum toxin versus pneumatic dilatation in the treatment of achalasia: a randomised trial
Authors: M F Vaezi, J E Richter, C M Wilcox, P L Schroeder, S Birgisson, R L Slaughter, R E Koehler, M E Baker
Journal: Gut (1999)

Background Intrasphincteric injection of botulinum toxin is a new treatment option for achalasia. Aims To compare the immediate and long term efficacy of botulinum toxin with that of pneumatic dilatation. Methods Symptomatic patients with achalasia were randomised to botulinum toxin (22 patients, median age 57 years) or pneumatic dilatation (20 patients, median age 56 years). Symptom scores were assessed initially, and at one, three, six, nine, and 12 months after treatment. Objective assessment included oesophageal manometry initially and at one month, and barium oesophagram initially and at one, six, and 12 months post-treatment. Results Pneumatic dilatation resulted in a significantly (p=0.02) higher cumulative remission rate. At 12 months, 14/20 (70%) pneumatic dilatation and 7/22 (32%) botulinum toxin treated patients were in symptomatic remission (p=0.017). Failure rates were similar initially, but failure over time was significantly (p=0.01) higher after botulinum toxin (50%) than pneumatic dilatation (7%). Pneumatic dilatation resulted in significant (p&lt;0.001) reduction in symptom scores, and lower oesophageal sphincter pressure, oesophageal barium column height, and oesophageal diameter. Botulinum toxin produced significant reduction in symptom scores (p&lt;0.001), but no reduction in objective parameters. Conclusions At one year pneumatic dilatation is more effective than botulinum toxin. Symptom improvement parallels objective oesophageal measurements after pneumatic dilatation but not after botulinum toxin treatment for achalasia.
Seasonal Variation in the Clinical Onset of Leukaemia in Young People
Authors: J. A. H. Lee
Journal: BMJ (1962)

TUBELESS GASTRIC SURGERYMEDICsgR 1737abdominal complication occurred after severe gastro- enteritis but without any leak of the pyloroplasty, or peritonitis.This was a case of gross pyloric stenosis which I think in retrospect did not have sufficient cleansing lavage pre-operatively.Advantages of Tubeless Regime It is self-evident that the discomfort to the patient is much minimized by the absence of a naso-gastric tube and of intravenous drip apparatus.The patients are easier to nurse, and are encouraged to be out of bed for short periods from the first post-operative day.Out- of-bed activity is progressively lengthened each day, and so chest and thrombotic complications are minimized, and the psychological impression of rapid post-operative progress is a great encouragement to all patients.Sleep is mucli easier without tubes, because of the lack of a source of restriction to movement, and this also greatly aids rapid recovery.Summary A tubeless regime for gastric surgery is presented.Its application to two series of cases is detailed.Its advantages are briefly described.
Carbon dioxide-dependent Escherichia coli.
Authors: S Eykyn, I Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1978)

In a recent investigation on 31 male twin pairs cardiovascular reactions during stressful psychiatric interview were studied.5It was found that intrapair variance did not differ between monozygotic and dizygotic pairs at rest either for systolic or for diastolic blood pressure, but during psychological strain the intrapair variances were significantly less within monozygotic than dizygotic pairs for both measures of blood pressure.These data imply that a significant genetic influence on the variability of blood pressure might first be revealed in stressful situations.It was finally stated in your leading article that "clearly the best precaution a newborn baby can take over its arterial blood pressure and therefore its cardiovascular risk in later life is to choose its parents carefully."This hopeful piece of advice could be supplemented with another, more hopeful one: learn to cope with stressful situations.
Growth Factor Independence-1 Is Expressed in Primary Human Neuroendocrine Lung Carcinomas and Mediates the Differentiation of Murine Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cells
Authors: Avedis Kazanjian, Deeann Wallis, Nicholas Au, Rupesh Nigam, Koen J. T. Venken, Philip T. Cagle, Burton F. Dickey, Hugo J. Bellen, C. Blake Gilks, H. Leighton Grimes
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Human small cell lung cancers might be derived from pulmonary cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype. They are driven to proliferate by autocrine and paracrine neuropeptide growth factor stimulation. The molecular basis of the neuroendocrine phenotype of lung carcinomas is relatively unknown. The Achaete-Scute Homologue-1 (ASH1) transcription factor is critically required for the formation of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and is a marker for human small cell lung cancers. The Drosophila orthologues of ASH1 (Achaete and Scute) and the growth factor independence-1 (GFI1) oncoprotein (Senseless) genetically interact to inhibit Notch signaling and specify fly sensory organ development. Here, we show that GFI1, as with ASH1, is expressed in neuroendocrine lung cancer cell lines and that GFI1 in lung cancer cell lines functions as a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor protein. Forced expression of GFI1 potentiates tumor formation of small-cell lung carcinoma cells. In primary human lung cancer specimens, GFI1 expression strongly correlates with expression of ASH1, the neuroendocrine growth factor gastrin-releasing peptide, and neuroendocrine markers synaptophysin and chromogranin A (P &amp;lt; 0.0000001). GFI1 colocalizes with chromogranin A and calcitonin-gene–related peptide in embryonic and adult murine pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. In addition, mice with a mutation in GFI1 display abnormal development of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, indicating that GFI1 is important for neuroendocrine differentiation.
Mammography: A Radiologist's View
Authors: John N. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Mammography has had a very difficult time gaining general acceptance. Rival groups have engaged in an emotional interchange as to how it should be done, with what, and by whom. First, surgeons had to be convinced of its worth. They were dubious, often stating, "If there is a cancer in the breast, I can feel it." Only time and accumulation of cases of occult carcinoma have convinced them of its worth. Next, the opponents of mammography argued that the discovery of the small, nonpalpable breast cancer was an exercise in futility. They postulated that breast cancer developed over a long span of time and that radiologists finding the disease a little earlier really did not affect the course of the disease. However, the Health Insurance Plan (HIP) study has shown that early diagnosis does indeed lead to prolonged survival.<sup>1</sup> The argument continues, but under a slightly different heading. The
Fasting Activation of AgRP Neurons Requires NMDA Receptors and Involves Spinogenesis and Increased Excitatory Tone
Authors: Tiemin Liu, Dong Kong, Bhavik P. Shah, Chianping Ye, Shuichi Koda, Arpiar Saunders, Jun B. Ding, Zongfang Yang, Bernardo L. Sabatini, Bradford B. Lowell
Journal: Neuron (2012)
466 UMBELICAL CORD BLOOD CD133+ CELLS CAN BE DIFFERENTIATED IN VITRO INTO BIPOTENT HEPATIC PROGENITOR CELLS
Authors: A. Crema, A. Lisi, M. Sanchez, C. Haas, M. Ledda, F. De Carlo, R. Marchese, E. Brunetti, A. Ponzetto, G. Carloni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Inhibition of hemoglobin S polymerization by N‐terminal band 3 peptides: New class of inhibitors: Solubility studies
Authors: Elizabeth H. Danish, David W. Lundgren, John W. Harris
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract Two synthetic peptides corresponding to the N‐terminal amino acids (AA) of band 3 were designed to inhibit deoxyhemoglobin S (deoxy S) polymerization through two different mechanisms. Peptide I, an N:1–15AA fragment, was employed to bind to the 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) receptor locus of single deoxy S molecules with 5–7 AA extending internally and the remaining 10‐8 AA projecting external to hemoglobin (Hb) S, thereby inhibiting polymerization by steric hindrance. Peptide II consisted of two N:1‐8AA + K (lysine) sequences linked by a coupler through the lysine, and it was employed to bind to the 2,3‐DPG loci of two deoxy S molecules, tethering them together to form “binary hemoglobin complexes” incapable of entering the polymer chains. Decreased polymerization would result from reduction in effective concentration of deoxy S. Binding of peptides to the 2,3‐DPG receptor loci was demonstrated by a progressive rightward shift in the hemoglobin oxygen binding curves as a function of increasing peptide concentrations. Inhibition of deoxy S polymerization was studied by equilibrium solubility measurements of purified, stripped solutions of Hb S. Physiologically significant inhibition was demonstrated for both peptides with near‐maximum increases in solubility achieved by Peptide II at 1:1 peptide:Hb S ratios. These peptides represent a new class of inhibitors of deoxy S polymerization. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The effect of passive smoking on the risk of developing acute coronary syndromes: the CARDIO2000 study
Authors: Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Christos Pitsavos, Christine Chrysohoou, John Skoumas, Spyros Vellias, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Preliminary Report on Chlorpromazine in Tetanus
Authors: A. Shanker, L. S. Mehrotra
Journal: BMJ (1959)

As a result of better therapeutic and social management the epileptic woman has increased opportunities of marriage and epilepsy is likely to become a more frequent complication of pregnancy.The effect of pregnancy on the epileptic is unpredictable.The attacks may increase in number or remain unchanged.Reduction in incidence of fits is often related to better therapy.Epilepsy associated with menstruation usually persists in pregnancy.When attacks first appear in pregnancy (gestational epilepsy) these are likely to be partial or focal in character.The metabolic changes in pregnancy-hydration, hyperventilation, and dilution of calcium, sodium, and magnesium in the serum-favour an increase of fits.The variations in excretion of aldosterone are probably compensatory to fluctuation in sodium intake.Excessive gain in weight and sodium retention may precede the onset of increased fits.A genetic or constitutional factor is important in the appearance of seizures in toxaemia of pregnancy.A persistent epileptic tendency may result.Status epilepticus is a rare but grave complication, especially when occurring in later pregnancy, and has a higher mortality than eclampsia.The onset of status in pregnancy may be the first manifestation of a cerebral dysrhythmia.The epileptic woman should not be discouraged from pregnancy unless the attacks are difficult to control in the non-pregnant state, but there is no excuse for regarding this complication of pregnancy lightly.Antenatal care should be as thorough as in suspected toxaemia of pregnancy.Management of pregnancy consists of suitable anticonvulsants, with dosage corrected for gain in weight.Phenobarbitone in capsule form (" spansule ") may be useful in vomiting of pregnancy.Anaemia should be treated, and macrocytic forms, whether due to pregnancy or anticonvulsants, will require folic acid.Excessive gain in weight should be controlled by diet, restricted salt intake, and rest.If the response is unsatisfactory the use of acetazolamide or ion-exchange resins should be considered.Status epilepticus may require the use of continuous intravenous anticon- vulsants, with controlled respiration.Investigation of gestational epilepsy to exclude a neoplasm may be indicated.
PROTECTION AGAINST SEVERE ROTAVIRUS DIARRHOEA BY RHESUS ROTAVIRUS VACCINE IN VENEZUELAN INFANTS
Authors: Jorge Flores, Marino Gonzalez, Mireya Perez, Walter Cunto, Irene Perez-Schael, Dorys Garcia, Naimeh Daoud, RobertM. Chanock, AlbertZ. Kapikian
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Pulmonary Vascular Talc Granulomatosis
Authors: Ira S. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A 37-year-old physician who had multiple intestinal resections for complications of Crohn's disease developed disseminated malignant melanoma following excision of a primary cutaneous melanoma. He required long-term parenteral nutrition via a subclavian catheter because of the Crohn's disease and a surgically shortened bowel with multiple fistulas. Metastatic melanoma and episodes of partial intestinal obstruction caused recurrent pain, necessitating analgesic medication. The patient was known to self-administer pulverized meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) tablets in suspension via his indwelling venous catheter over a period of several months prior to his death. At autopsy extensive deposits of metastatic melanoma were found in the gastrointestinal tract, heart, lungs, liver, and lymph nodes. The lungs demonstrated acute pulmonary edema. Microscopy showed widespread intravascular and perivascular foreign-body granulomas involving small pulmonary arterioles. These were composed of multinucleated giant cells and histiocytes with variable fibrosis, incorporating numerous yellowish refractile crystals having an elongated, needlelike, or rhomboidal shape. The