tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional Activation of Gene Expression by Pluronic Block Copolymers in Stably and Transiently Transfected Cells
Authors: Srikanth Sriadibhatla, Zhihui Yang, Catherine Gebhart, Valery Yu Alakhov, Alexander Kabanov
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Amphiphilic block copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) (Pluronics) enhance gene expression, but the mechanism remains unclear. We examined the effects of Pluronics on gene expression in murine cell models (NIH3T3 fibroblasts, C2C12 myoblasts, and Cl66 mammary adenocarcinoma cells) transfected with luciferase and green fluorescent protein. Addition of Pluronics to stably or transiently transfected cells enhanced transcription of the reporter genes. mRNA levels of the heat-shock protein hsp68 were also increased, whereas a housekeeping gene, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, was unaffected. Fibroblast and myoblast cells transfected with PathDetect cis-Reporting System constructs were used to examine the involvement of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activating protein-1 (AP-1) in Pluronics enhancement. Pluronics enhanced reporter gene expression controlled by NF-kappaB in both cell models. They also increased expression of a gene under AP-1 in a fibroblast cell line, but not in a myoblast cell line. Activation of the inflammation signaling pathway in myoblast cells by Pluronics was shown by increased IkappaB phosphorylation. No cytotoxicity was observed at doses of Pluronics at which gene expression was increased. Overall, these results indicate that Pluronics can increase the transcription of genes, in part, through the activation of selected stress signaling pathways.
Consultants' contracts: could do better
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Doctors complain about the inconvenience when their children’s schools close for teacher training. The logic runs like this: why can’t this training be done during their generous holiday period, and, anyway, how much does teaching actually change year to year? And why don’t teachers run after school activities anymore?⇑ 

I suppose these frustrations are down to teachers’ contracts. And now doctors also have new contracts. General practitioners gave up responsibility for out of hours care and got a pay rise. Today general practitioners are criticised …
Detection of the Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein Antigen (TAG-72) in Premalignant Lesions of the Colon
Authors: B. C. Wolf, J. C. D'Emilia, R. R. Salem, D. DeCoste, H. F. Sears, L. S. Gottlieb, G. D. Steele
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Detection of the Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein Antigen (TAG-72) in Premalignant Lesions of the Colon Get access Barbara C. Wolf, Barbara C. Wolf * 2Mallory Institute of Pathology and Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA *Correspondence to: Dr. Barbara C. Wolf, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital, 50 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John C. D'Emilia, John C. D'Emilia 1Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald R. Salem, Ronald R. Salem 1Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Deborah DeCoste, Deborah DeCoste 1Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Henry F. Sears, Henry F. Sears 1Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leonard S. Gottlieb, Leonard S. Gottlieb 2Mallory Institute of Pathology and Boston University School of MedicineBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Glenn D. Steele, Jr. Glenn D. Steele, Jr. 1Department of Surgery, Laboratory of Cancer Biology, New England Deaconess Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 24, 20 December 1989, Pages 1913–1917, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.24.1913 Published: 20 December 1989 Article history Received: 06 April 1989 Revision received: 14 August 1989 Accepted: 18 September 1989 Published: 20 December 1989
<i>TGF</i>β Receptor 1: An Immune Susceptibility Gene in HPV-Associated Cancer
Authors: Chaya Levovitz, Dan Chen, Emma Ivansson, Ulf Gyllensten, John P. Finnigan, Sara Alshawish, Weijia Zhang, Eric E. Schadt, Marshal R. Posner, Eric M. Genden, Paolo Boffetta, Andrew G. Sikora
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Only a minority of those exposed to human papillomavirus (HPV) develop HPV-related cervical and oropharyngeal cancer. Because host immunity affects infection and progression to cancer, we tested the hypothesis that genetic variation in immune-related genes is a determinant of susceptibility to oropharyngeal cancer and other HPV-associated cancers by performing a multitier integrative computational analysis with oropharyngeal cancer data from a head and neck cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS). Independent analyses, including single-gene, gene-interconnectivity, protein-protein interaction, gene expression, and pathway analysis, identified immune genes and pathways significantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer. TGFβR1, which intersected all tiers of analysis and thus selected for validation, replicated significantly in the head and neck cancer GWAS limited to HPV-seropositive cases and an independent cervical cancer GWAS. The TGFβR1 containing p38-MAPK pathway was significantly associated with oropharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer, and TGFβR1 was overexpressed in oropharyngeal cancer, cervical cancer, and HPV(+) head and neck cancer tumors. These concordant analyses implicate TGFβR1 signaling as a process dysregulated across HPV-related cancers. This study demonstrates that genetic variation in immune-related genes is associated with susceptibility to oropharyngeal cancer and implicates TGFβR1/TGFβ signaling in the development of both oropharyngeal cancer and cervical cancer. Better understanding of the immunogenetic basis of susceptibility to HPV-associated cancers may provide insight into host/virus interactions and immune processes dysregulated in the minority of HPV-exposed individuals who progress to cancer.
Functional Implications of Interactions of Extracellular Ions with Ligands of the Cell Membrane
Authors: ASER ROTHSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1962)

Three examples are discussed in which interactions of chemical agents with ligands of the plasma membrane have been chemically characterized and in which the resulting disturbance in membrane function has been quantitatively measured. Uranyl ion reacts with phosphoryl groups and specifically blocks the transfer of glucose across the membrane. Cationic redox dyes and mercuric chloride react with sulfhydryl groups and destroy the structural integrity of the membrane. Arsenate competes with phosphate for a specific active-transport system and blocks the system by irreversibly combining with one of its components.
Discrepancies Between Glycosuria and Home Estimates of Blood Glucose in Insulin-treated Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: P Ohlsen, T S Danowski, D H Rosenblum, T Mreiden, E R Fisher, J H Sunder
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Glycosuria can be a misleading indicator of blood or plasma glucose levels. Thus glycosuria may be present when blood glucose levels are within the normal fasting or postprandial range, and it may be absent when the blood glucose is distinctly above normal. In such patients the blood glucose must be measured, preferably by the patient, as a guide to insulin and other therapy. However, urine glucose tests are valid indicators in a minority of patients and are essential in all patients for the detection of acetone.
Reperfusion injury to endothelial cells following cold ischemic storage of rat livers
Authors: Jane C. Caldwell-Kenkel, Robert T. Currin, Yukio Tanaka, Ronald G. Thurman, John J. Lemasters
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Storage of donor livers in Euro-Collins solution for human transplantation surgery is limited to about 8 hr. Here, tissue damage to isolated rat livers stored under the same conditions as human livers was characterized following reperfusion. The purpose of this work was to determine the importance of nutritional status on injury due to cold storage and reperfusion, to establish whether lethal injury occurs during cold storage or only after reperfusion, and to identify the cell types most vulnerable to damage. Rat livers were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit-bicarbonate buffer, stored 8 to 48 hr in Euro-Collins solution and reperfused with warm, oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 15 min. Nuclear trypan blue uptake and lactate dehydrogenase release were used as indices of cell death. After 8 hr of cold storage and reperfusion, little loss of parenchymal or nonparenchymal viability occurred. After 24 or 48 hr, virtually all parenchymal cells remained viable. However, severe damage to nonparenchymal cells was observed, and about 40% of nonparenchymal cells were trypan blue positive. Nutritional status (fed vs. fasted) did not affect the extent of cell damage. Nonparenchyma cell killing was accompanied by cellular rounding, nuclear pyknosis and protrusion of cells into sinusoidal lumens. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrated denudation of the sinusoidal lining. Rounding and pyknosis were not observed in 24-hr-stored livers which were not reperfused, and trypan blue uptake did not occur in stored livers infused with cold, anoxic Euro-Collins solution. Based on cytochemistry and electron microscopy, lethal cell injury occurred predominantly to endothelial cells. Storage of livers in University of Wisconsin cold storage solution, which has been shown to extend preservation of livers for transplantation surgery, protected endothelial cells from reperfusion injury after cold ischemic storage. The data suggest that damage to stored livers leading to graft failure after transplantation involves a reperfusion injury to hepatic endothelial cells. Identification of this injury in isolated livers by trypan blue labeling provides a rapid and inexpensive means to evaluate and improve liver preservation solutions.
Pellegrini–Stieda Syndrome
Authors: Eric L. Altschuler, Thomas N. Bryce
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 38-year-old man with an incomplete spinal cord injury secondary to a diving accident some years before, which caused tetraplegia but preserved some sensation below the neck, reported new pain in the left knee during the previous two months. He said there had been no recent trauma to the knee. An anteroposterior radiograph showed ossification corresponding to the medial collateral ligament, findings initially described by Pellegrini and Stieda in the early 1900s. Treatments for mild and moderate cases of the Pellegrini–Stieda syndrome include local corticosteroid injection and range-of-motion exercises. Surgical excision of calcifications and repair of the tear in the . . .
Detection of Australia Antigen in Various Fractions of Frozen Blood
Authors: Jochewed Werch
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Viral hepatitis has not been reported following transfusion with frozen blood. Seven such samples from donors positive for Australia (Au/SH) antigen were studied. After thawing, Au/SH antigen was found in five of seven discarded wash solutions and in only one of the seven supernatant reconstituting saline solutions which form part of the transfused product. The positive sample came from a patient who had the highest titer of Au/SH antigen in his serum. The freeze-thaw processing appears to dilute out serum hepatitis and the associated Au/SH antigen, so that overt hepatitis does not follow administration of frozen blood.
Impact of halogenated compounds on calcium homeostasis in hepatocytes.
Authors: L Moore, D R Schoenberg, R M Long
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Halocarbons (CCl4, 1,1-dichlorethylene) cause a wide spectrum of effects and injury in hepatocytes. One early effect of these compounds is the inhibition and destruction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium pump. Subsequent to inhibition of this pump, the ER calcium pool is depleted and cytosolic levels of calcium are increased for a prolonged period of time. This effect of halocarbons has been characterized and is similar in vivo and in vitro. The importance of this redistribution of cell calcium in expression of halocarbon injury of hepatocytes has not been fully resolved. Several degradative enzymes (phospholipases, proteases) have been implicated as calcium-dependent mediators in toxicity. Our preliminary studies of the effect of calcium redistribution suggest that activation of a calcium-sensitive endonuclease in liver does not play a central role in initiating the lethal effect of halocarbons on hepatocytes.
Endoscopic Treatment of Bleeding Gastric Varices with Bucrylate
Authors: Silvano Loperfido
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

See also: Endoscopic Obliteration of Large Esophagogastric Varices with BucrylateEndoscopy 1986; 18(01): 25-26DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1013014
Potentiation of cardiac electrophysiologic effects of verapamil after autonomic blockade or cardiac transplantation.
Authors: A Z Qi, I C Tuna, C C Gornick, T P Barragry, J W Blatchford, W S Ring, R M Bolman, M J Walker, D G Benditt
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Cardiac electrophysiologic effects of verapamil in vivo are the result of both direct and indirect actions on the heart (the latter due to augmentation of sympathetic neural tone, diminution of parasympathetic neural tone, and increased circulating catecholamines). In this study we assessed the interaction of verapamil's direct and indirect actions on electrophysiologic properties of the heart in awake, previously instrumented, unsedated dogs. After administration of intravenous verapamil (0.2 mg/kg), electrophysiologic effects were assessed serially over a 1 hr period in 10 awake dogs before (group 1 studies) and during pharmacologic autonomic blockade (group 2 studies), and in a subset of these dogs (n = 5) after orthotopic cardiac transplantation (group 3 studies). In group 1 dogs, sinus cycle length (SCL) initially shortened after verapamil (postverapamil 379 +/- 50 msec vs baseline of 494 +/- 72 msec, p less than .001) and subsequently gradually prolonged. In groups 2 and 3, transient SCL shortening was absent. SCL prolonged promptly after verapamil, and sinus arrest developed in two of 10 group 2 and two of five group 3 animals. Verapamil exerted a negative dromotropic effect on atrioventricular node conduction in all three experimental groups, as assessed by drug-induced changes in minimum cycle length with sustained 1:1 atrioventricular conduction and measurements of atrioventricular node effective and functional refractory period. However, compared with findings in group 1, this negative dromotropic effect occurred more rapidly and was markedly potentiated in groups 2 and 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hemosuccus Pancreaticus Secondary to Intraductal Rupture of a Primary Splenic Artery Aneurysm: Diagnosis by ERCP and Successful Management by Interventional Radiology
Authors: O. Hasaj, C. Di Stasi, V. Perri, A. Tringali, G. Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

This report describes the case of a 65-year-old man with a prolonged history of gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown origin. During a 2-year period, he underwent 28 endoscopic procedures, three angiographies with or without heparin provocation, a nuclear scan, and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, none of which were diagnostic. A blind ileocecal resection was also carried out. A diagnosis of hemosuccus pancreaticus secondary to a ruptured primary splenic artery aneurysm was obtained by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and successful interventional radiographic embolization of the splenic artery aneurysm was conducted. During a 17-month follow-up period, no relapse of gastrointestinal bleeding was observed.
Primary excision of brain abscess.
Authors: A R Choudhury, J C Taylor, R Whitaker
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Sixteen consecutive patients with brain abscess, including two with multilocular and two with infratentorial abscesses, were treated by primary total excision of the abscess. The patients were followed for six months to three years. Only one patient died and there were no recurrences. Immediate primary excision is therefore the treatment of choice in brain abscess.
High- and Low-Carbohydrate Diets in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: ROLAND L. WEINSIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Eighteen diabetic patients not dependent on insulin, given diets high in carbohydrate (60%, 25% fat) or relatively low in carbohydrate (40%, 45% fat), were followed for 40 weeks as outpatients in a group-oriented educational program. Diabetic control was measured by the fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels and quantitative and qualitative urine-sugar tests. Glucose-insulin relationships were evaluated by measuring fasting immunoreactive insulin levels and by intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests and a modified insulin infusion test after each 20-week diet period. Despite the increased carbohydrate load, control of diabetes and insulin secretory capacity were maintained. Serum cholesterol values were not altered by the change in dietary fat, and the high carbohydrate intake did not increase mean levels of serum triglycerides. The data suggest a seasonal trend for both serum cholesterol and triglycerides.
In the Name of Medicine
Authors: Katherine Gundling
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 October 1998In the Name of MedicineKatherine Gundling, MDKatherine Gundling, MDUniversity of California, Davis, Medical Center; Sacramento, CA 95817Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Berkenwald [1] eloquently described the complexity of terminology. I would like to add, however, that our profession's adoption of the word allopath should be reconsidered. The term is now used in editorials and articles in major journals and papers [2-4]. The distinction between homeopath and allopath may have been a logical one to Hahnemann (the founder of homeopathy), but today we have naturopaths who treat illness with natural remedies; osteopaths, who place particular emphasis on the spine; and a host of specialized therapies to prevent and cure every ailment. In this sense, allopathy is perceived as ...References1. Berkenwald A. In the name of medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:246-50. Google Scholar2. Alpert J. The relativity of alternative medicine [Editorial]. Arch Intern Med. 1995; 155:11-25. Google Scholar3. Fontanarosa PB, Lundberg GD. Complementary, alternative, unconventional, and integrative medicine [Editorial]. Arch Intern Med. 1998; 158:9-10. Google Scholar4. Eriksen J. Settling the “integrative” frontier. American Medical News. 1998; 16 Feb:41. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Katherine Gundling, MDAffiliations: University of California, Davis, Medical Center; Sacramento, CA 95817 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 7Page: 589KeywordsGeriatric careHeartHistory of medicineHomeopathyPreventive medicineSpineTouch ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Use of radionuclide scanning in the preoperative estimation of pulmonary function after pneumonectomy.
Authors: P A Corris, D A Ellis, T Hawkins, G J Gibson
Journal: Thorax (1987)

Twenty eight patients with bronchial carcinoma were studied before pneumonectomy. Measurement of spirometric indices, static lung volumes, transfer factor (TLCO), and transfer coefficient (KCO) was undertaken before and four months after pneumonectomy. Fourteen of the patients also performed a symptom limited progressive exercise test on a cycle ergometer before and four months after pneumonectomy. All patients had standard xenon-133 ventilation and technetium-99m perfusion scans performed before operation. Eleven patients had krypton-81m ventilation scans in addition. Significant correlations were seen between changes in FEV1, TLCO and KCO and the preoperative function of the resected lung as determined by percentage preoperative perfusion to that lung (p less than 0.001). There were mean decreases in FEV1 of 22% and in vital capacity (VC) of 28.7% predicted. Estimation of postoperative FEV1 from the preoperative values showed equally good agreement with measured postoperative values whether 99mTc perfusion or 81mKr ventilation scans were used in the 11 patients in whom both scans were available. Significant correlations were seen between change in maximum exercise ventilation (VEmax) or maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) after pneumonectomy and percentage preoperative perfusion to the resected lung (p less than 0.001). Estimation of postoperative maximum ventilation and maximum oxygen uptake from the postoperative values on the basis of 99mTc perfusion scans showed good agreement with observed values. Perfusion scans are useful in estimating not only the changes in spirometric indices that follow pneumonectomy for bronchial carcinoma but also changes in carbon monoxide transfer and exercise capacity.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a preventable cause of mental retardation.
Authors: H Singh
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Over two years cord blood from 27 879 babies was screened for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The overall incidence was 3.1% in boys and 1.6% in girls. Sixty nine babies had severe jaundice (bilirubin concentration greater than 380 mmol/l (20 mg/100 ml], and exchange transfusion was performed. Parents were given written and verbal instructions to avoid herbs and drugs that trigger kernicterus, which reduced the incidence of kernicterus and thereby prevented mental retardation. G6PD deficiency is common in all three ethnic groups (Malays, Chinese, and Indians) in Malaysia and screening is recommended.
Albuminuria Associates With Calcified Atherosclerotic Plaque in African Americans With Diabetes
Authors: Jasmin Divers, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Donald W. Bowden, J. Jeffrey Carr, R. Caresse Hightower, S. Carrie Smith, Jianzhao Xu, Carl D. Langefeld, Barry I. Freedman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Relative to individuals with European ancestry, presence and severity of calcified atherosclerotic plaque (CP) are markedly lower in individuals with African ancestry (1,2). Factors potentially contributing to the ethnic variation in susceptibility to atherosclerosis include different relationships between CP and serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and pericardial adipose tissue volumes in African Americans (AAs) relative to European Americans (EAs) (3,4). In addition, significant positive associations have been observed between CP and albuminuria in EAs with type 2 diabetes (5) but not AAs (419 subjects from 297 African American Diabetes Heart Study [AA-DHS] families) (6). Therefore, it remains unclear whether ethnic differences exist in the effect of albuminuria on risk for development and progression of CP.

To improve power for detecting associations between …