tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for evaluation and management of common congenital cardiac problems in infants, children, and adolescents. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Congenital Cardiac Defects of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association.
Authors: D Driscoll, H D Allen, D L Atkins, J Brenner, A Dunnigan, W Franklin, H P Gutgesell, P Herndon, R E Shaddy, K A Taubert
Journal: Circulation (1994)
Resistance to amphotericin B: emerging clinical and microbiological patterns
Authors: Timothy R. Sterling, William G. Merz
Journal: Drug Resistance Updates (1998)

There has been an increasing number of reports of clinically significant amphotericin B (AmB) resistance in fungal pathogens, including Candida albicans. Concomitantly, advances in antifungal susceptibility testing have led to an improved correlation between microbiologic and clinical failure. Reports of AmB resistance, correlation of results and in vitro/in vivo correlations, mechanisms of resistance, and the transmission of resistant isolates within confined environments are reviewed. Recommendations are given regarding the clinical settings in which AmB susceptibility testing should be considered.
A Genome-Wide Screen for Microdeletions Reveals Disruption of Polarity Complex Genes in Diverse Human Cancers
Authors: S. Michael Rothenberg, Gayatry Mohapatra, Miguel N. Rivera, Daniel Winokur, Patricia Greninger, Mai Nitta, Peter M. Sadow, Gaya Sooriyakumar, Brian W. Brannigan, Matthew J. Ulman, Rushika M. Perera, Rui Wang, Angela Tam, Xiao-Jun Ma, Mark Erlander, Dennis C. Sgroi, James W. Rocco, Mark W. Lingen, Ezra E.W. Cohen, David N. Louis, Jeffrey Settleman, Daniel A. Haber
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

In a genome-wide screen of 684 cancer cell lines, we identified homozygous intragenic microdeletions involving genes encoding components of the apical-basal cell polarity complexes. Among these, PARD3 is disrupted in cell lines and primary tumors from squamous carcinomas and glioblastomas. Reconstituting PARD3 expression in both cell types restores tight junctions and retards contact-dependent proliferation. Searching specifically for small intragenic microdeletions using high-resolution genomic arrays may be complementary to other genomic deletion screens and resequencing efforts in identifying new tumor suppressor genes.
Genetic associations of psoriasis in a Pakistani population
Authors: P.A. Shaiq, P.E. Stuart, A. Latif, C. Schmotzer, A.H. Kazmi, M.S. Khan, M. Azam, T. Tejasvi, J.J. Voorhees, G.K. Raja, J.T. Elder, R. Qamar, R.P. Nair
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Genetic predisposition to psoriasis, an inflammatory skin disease affecting 0·2–4% of the world population, is well established. Thus far, 41 psoriasis susceptibility loci reach genome‐wide significance (P ≤5 × 10−8). Identification of genetic susceptibility loci in diverse populations will help understand the underlying biology of psoriasis susceptibility. The primary objective of this study was to examine psoriasis susceptibility associations previously reported in Chinese and caucasian populations in a Pakistani cohort. Blood samples and phenotype data were collected from psoriasis cases and controls in Islamabad, Pakistan. DNA was isolated and genotypes of selected susceptibility markers were determined. The data were analysed using χ2 tests or logistic regression for psoriasis association. HLA‐Cw6 showed the strongest association [odds ratio (OR) 2·43, P =2·3 × 10−12]. HLA‐Cw1 showed marginally significant association (OR 1·66, P =0·049), suggesting that the HLA‐Cw1‐B46 risk haplotype may be present in the Pakistani population. Three other loci (IL4/IL13,NOS2,TRAF3IP2) showed nominally significant association (P <0·05). HLA‐Cw6 is strongly associated with psoriasis susceptibility in the Pakistani population, as has been found in every other population studied. In addition, HLA‐Cw1 showed marginal association, reflecting the relative geographical proximity and thus likely genetic relatedness to other populations in which the HLA‐Cw1‐B46 haplotype is known to be associated. A larger cohort and a denser marker set will be required for further analysis of psoriasis associations in the South Asian population.
Acute effect of intravenous dipyridamole on regional coronary hemodynamics and metabolism.
Authors: R L Feldman, W W Nichols, C J Pepine, C R Conti
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The acute coronary hemodynamic and metabolic effects of intravenous dipyridamole were studied in 13 patients. Total left ventricular (LV), anterior (supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery) and inferior (supplied by circumflex and right coronary arteries) regional flows and metabolic responses were assessed from the coronary sinus and great cardiac vein. Perfusion to LV regions was classified as potentially "normal" or "abnormal," based on coronary angiographic findings. Before dipyridamole, coronary flow, LV oxygen delivery and lactate extraction in both the normal and abnormal regions were similar. Within 1 minute after injection of 20 mg of dipyridamole by i.v. bolus, total coronary flow increased 51% (p less than 0.05). Fifteen minutes after injection the flow increase persisted. Flow decreased to approximately control level by 20 minutes. The major component of this increased total coronary flow resulted from increased flow in normal regions (75% at 1 minute, p less than 0.05). Mean regional LV oxygen delivery and lactate extraction were not changed significantly in either normal or abnormal regions. However, lactate production occurred more often after dipyridamole in abnormal regions. These results suggest that during dipyridamole-induced hyperemia, regional coronary flow and metabolic responses depend upon the status of the arteries supplying the LV region. Regional differences in flow and metabolism occur independent of major changes in heart rate and aortic and LV pressures.
Changing and Learning in the Lives of Physicians
Authors: Phil R. Manning
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The purpose of continuing medical education is to encourage a change in the behavior of practitioners to enable them to keep pace with advances in medical science occurring since their formal training was completed. While there are many opinions and arguments as to whether traditional continuing medical education can productively change the practitioner's approach to problems, I know of no previous study that has attempted to analyze the multiple and complex reasons that seem to generate change. The authors of this book, all excellent contributors to the field of continuing education, have done just that. By a guided interview process, they have approached three questions: (1) What changes have you made or have occurred in your life or practice during the last year? (2) What caused this change to occur? and (3) Did you learn anything in order to make this change? For the purposes of the study the authors
A Critical Look at the Community Psychiatric Clinic
Authors: AVROHM JACOBSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Adult psychiatric clinics are frequently inefficient in the utilization of personnel. The "team" approach is of little value to the psychiatrist treating a patient; it is rarely used in private practice. Clinic growth spells diminished help to the individual patient. With increased funds available for expansion, it would be cruel to strive to treat the community and fail the individual patient. The patient needs the small clinic and its psychiatrist.
<i>In Vitro</i> Inhibition of Human Hepatic and cDNA-Expressed Sulfotransferase Activity with 3-Hydroxybenzo[ <i>a</i> ]pyrene by Polychlorobiphenylols
Authors: Li-Quan Wang, Hans-Joachim Lehmler, Larry W. Robertson, Charles N. Falany, Margaret O. James
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Sulfonation is a major phase II biotransformation reaction. In this study, we found that several polychlorobiphenylols (OH-PCBs) inhibited the sulfonation of 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OH-BaP) by human liver cytosol and some cDNA-expressed sulfotransferases. At concentrations > 0.15 microM, 3-OH-BaP inhibited its own sulfonation in cytosol fractions that were genotyped for SULT1A1 variants, as well as with expressed SULT1A1*1, SULT1A1*2, and SULT1E1, but not with SULT1A3 or SULT1B1. The inhibition fit a two-substrate kinetic model. We examined the effects of OH-PCBs on the sulfonation of 0.1 or 1.0 microM 3-OH-BaP, noninhibitory and inhibitory substrate concentrations, respectively. At the lower 3-OH-BaP concentration, OH-PCBs with a 3-chloro-4-hydroxy substitution pattern were more potent inhibitors of cytosolic sulfotransferase activity [with concentrations that produced 50% inhibition (IC50) between 0.33 and 1.1 microM] than were OH-PCBs with a 3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxy substitution pattern, which had IC50 values from 1.3 to 6.7 microM. We found similar results with expressed SULT1A1*1 and SULT1A1*2. The OH-PCBs were considerably less potent inhibitors when assay tubes contained 1.0 microM 3-OH-BaP. The inhibition mechanism was noncompetitive, and our results suggested that the OH-PCBs competed with 3-OH-BaP at an inhibitory site on the enzyme. The OH-PCBs tested inhibited sulfonation of 3-OH-BaP by SULT1E1, but the order of inhibitory potency was different than for SULT1A1. SULT1E1 inhibitory potency correlated with the dihedral angle of the OH-PCBs. The OH-PCBs tested were generally poor inhibitors of SULT1A3- and SULT1B1-dependent activity with 3-OH-BaP. These findings demonstrate an interaction between potentially toxic hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which could result in reduced clearance by sulfonation.
Progress toward an understanding of cortical computation
Authors: W. A. Phillips, W. Singer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

The additional data, perspectives, questions, and criticisms contributed by the commentaries strengthen our view that local cortical processors coordinate their activity with the context in which it occurs using contextual fields and synchronized population codes. We therefore predict that whereas the specialization of function has been the keynote of this century the coordination of function will be the keynote of the next.
Cardiologists criticize US regulator for keeping intracranial stent on market
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Cardiologists criticize US regulator for keeping intracranial stent on market Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Health in the Middle East: Making healthcare systems more responsive to women in Pakistan
Authors: Babar T Shaikh, Juanita Hatcher, David Haran
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Health seeking behaviour depends largely on the attributes of a healthcare system and not merely on people's choices or circumstances.1 Lack of proper nutrition for girls, early marriages, and multiparity have been some of the determinants of the unrelenting ill health of women in Pakistan.2 Insufficient primary care services, antenatal care, and intrapartum care, …
Predicting late restenosis after coronary angioplasty by very early (12 to 24 h) thallium-201 scintigraphy: Implications with regard to mechanisms of late coronary restenosis
Authors: Ruth Hardoff, Arie Shefer, Sarah Gips, Amnon Merdler, Moshe Y. Flugelman, David A. Halon, Basil S. Lewis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Comment: Conflicts in Classification Schemas
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1971)

In contemporary medicine fortunately, the purpose of clinical taxonomy is not merely to classify. The classification must have a purposeful significance in prognosis and therapy."<sup>32</sup> Interest in classification of cancers has occupied the attention of oncologists in numerous disciplines for decades. Awareness of the confusion created by the lack of agreement on categories and criteria in reporting end results has led to the formation of international and national committees to solve the problem of establishing meaningful phraseology. Since 1950, the UICC<sup>1</sup>has devoted special attention to the problem of clinical stage classification of malignant tumors. A parallel effort by the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting has also been organized.<sup>2</sup>More than half of the common malignancies have now been staged. Despite greater uniformity in nomenclature by virtue of acceptance of a TNM system of classification, a divergence of criteria exist as to
Heterogeneity and specificity of cloned lines of influenza-virus specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Authors: T J Braciale, M E Andrew, V L Braciale
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Continuous lines of murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed to type A influenza viruses have been generated in vitro by stimulation of individual CTL precursors in the presence of T cell-growth factor TCGF and syngeneic virus-infected stimulator cells. The cloned CTL lines are H-2 restricted in their target cell recognition and exhibit distinct patterns of influenza virus recognition. All CTL lines appear to be restricted in target cell recognition to either the H-2K or the H-2D end of the appropriate H-2 haplotype. Likewise, CTL lines of F1 origin are restricted in recognition exclusively to one of the parental haplotypes. All CTL lines examined express the Thy-1.2 and the Lyt-2-surface antigen markers. 4 of 11 cytotoxic lines examined also expressed detectable levels of the Lyt-1- surface antigen. These findings confirm at the clonal level previous observations on the H-2K/D restriction of virus-specific CTL and also demonstrate heterogeneity among H-2 restricted CTL both from the standpoint of viral antigen recognition and cell surface phenotype.
The Cost of Drug Coupons
Authors: David Grande
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gout an Unsolved Problem
Authors: J. B. Burt, R. G. Gordon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1939)

AT the recent International Conference on Rheumatic Diseases held at Bath a whole day was devoted to the subject of " Gout," but in spite of many interesting papers it must be confessed that no startlingly new contribution to our knowledge of this disease emerged from the discussion.There is no reason to doubt that gout is essentially a disease of metabolism, but in spite of the recent major advances in biochemistry the only real progress that has been made in this direction is an improvement in the accuracy of tests which are supposedly useful in the diagnosis of the disease.Modem tests for uric acid in the blood are far superior to Garrod's thread test, but the increased accuracy of such tests is not so valuable as it might be, since it would appear that in the opinion of most authorities a low blood uric acid content is not inconsistent with a diagnosis of gout.A great deal of work has been carried out in estimating the sedimentation rate, leucocytosis, and the Cooke-Arneth's blood count in gout, but the observations proved to be of no help in diagnosis, for, in fact, most of such work emphasises points of resemblance between gout and rheumatoid arthritis rather than points of difference between it and other forms of arthritis.Considering the great advances in medicine in the twentieth century it is curious that our knowledge of a disease described by Hippocrates, Sydenham, and Garrod is still so chaotic, and a candid discussion on some peculiar features of gout ought to prove instructive. HEREDITYPractically all authorities, with the exception of Freund (1938), agree that heredity is a very important factor.The following table shows the estimate of five experienced observers: 304
INTRACELLULAR LOCALIZATION OF TYPE 4 ADENOVIRUS
Authors: Georgiana S. Boyer, Floyd W. Denny, Harold S. Ginsberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

HeLa cell cultures infected with adenovirus type 4 were studied by light and phase-contrast microscopy and by the fluorescent antibody technique for visualization of intracellular antigen. The findings were correlated with the growth curve of infectious virus, determined from companion cultures. The results indicated that those cells undergoing characteristic structural changes observable by light microscopy were those which contain viral antigen. The distribution of the majority of the antigen within the infected cells corresponded to that of the regularly aligned granules and crystal-like masses seen in the nuclei of cells in stained and in unfixed cultures. The production of infectious virus was closely correlated with the development of the characteristic nuclear changes.
Early Contrast-Enhanced MRI Predicts Late Functional Recovery After Reperfused Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Walter J. Rogers, Christopher M. Kramer, Gennady Geskin, Yong-Lin Hu, Therese M. Theobald, Diane A. Vido, Susan Petruolo, Nathaniel Reichek
Journal: Circulation (1999)

We have observed 3 abnormal patterns on contrast-enhanced MRI early after reperfused myocardial infarction (MI): (1) absence of normal first-pass signal enhancement (HYPO), (2) normal first pass signal followed by hyperenhanced signal on delayed images (HYPER), or (3) both absence of normal first-pass enhancement and delayed hyperenhancement (COMB). This study examines the association between these patterns in the first week after MI and late recovery of myocardial contractile function by use of magnetic resonance myocardial tissue tagging.Seventeen patients (14 men) with a mean age of 53+/-12 years were studied after a reperfused first MI. Contrast-enhanced images were acquired immediately after bolus administration of gadolinium and 7+/-2 minutes later. Tagged images were acquired at weeks 1 and 7. Circumferential segment shortening (%S) was measured in regions displaying HYPER, COMB, or HYPO contrast patterns and in remote regions (REMOTE) at weeks 1 and 7. At week 1, %S was depressed in HYPER, COMB, and HYPO (9+/-8%, 7+/-6%, and 5+/-4%, respectively) and were less than REMOTE (18+/-6%, P<0.003). However, in HYPER, %S improved at week 7 from 9+/-8% to 18+/-5% (P<0.001 versus week 1). In contrast, HYPO did not improve significantly (5+/-4% to 6+/-3%, P=NS) and COMB tended to improve 7+/-6% to 11+/-6% (P=0.06).HYPER has partially reversible dysfunction and represents predominantly viable myocardium. COMB shows borderline improvement and likely contains an admixture of viable and necrotic myocardium. HYPO shows little functional improvement at 7 weeks, presumably because of irreversible myocardial damage.
Investigations on the lung and kidney function in workers exposed to cadmium.
Authors: R R Lauwerys, H A Roels, J P Buchet, A Bernard, D Stanescu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The kidney seems more sensitive to the chronic effect of cadmium than the lung. Only minor impairments of lung function (mild form of obstructive lung disease) were found after long-term occupational exposure (less than 20 yr) to moderate concentration of cadmium oxide dust and fume. This conclusion, cannot, however be extrapolated to acute or subacute inhalational exposure. The nephrotoxicity of cadmium consists in a tubular dysfunction characterized by an increased excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and giving rise to the classical tubular proteinuria and in a glomerular dysfunction evidenced by an increased excretion of high molecular weight proteins and increased levels of beta 2-microglobulin and creatinine in plasma and giving rise to a glomerular type proteinuria. These renal changes were mainly found in workers whose cadmium concentration at time of the survey exceeded 1 microgram Cd/100 ml in blood and 10 microgram Cd/g creatinine in urine. It should, however, be stressed that higher levels of Cd in blood and in urine are not necessarily associated with the presence of excessive proteinuria. In newly exposed workers, the Cd level in blood increases progressively to a plateau after several weeks. Cadmium level in urine fluctuates more. In workers exposed for several months to an airborne concentration exceeding 200 microgram/m3, Cd concentration in urine seems mainly influenced by recent exposure.
Preliminary results of a district call scheme for cervical screening organised in general practice.
Authors: C. M. Havelock, J. Webb, J. Queenborough
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A recognised problem with the cervical screening programme in the United Kingdom is the failure to include women who have never had a cervical smear test, who are a high risk group. The implementation of a district based call scheme in East Berkshire in 1986 is described whereby women aged 20-64 with no record of a cervical smear test who were judged to be eligible for testing by their general practitioner were sent a personal invitation from their general practitioner to attend for a test. A list of high risk unscreened women was kept by each practice, and a duplicate sent to the cytology laboratory to update the central records. Six months after each batch of invitations had been sent the resulting number of women having a smear test was assessed. Forty three of 51 practices approached agreed to participate in the five year scheme. During the first year lists were sent to the 43 participating practices. The first list was returned to the cytology laboratory by 37 practices and the second by 33; practices varied in their responses, however, some needing considerable persuasion to return the lists. Of 972 identified unscreened women from the total 3757 women listed in the lists of the family practitioner committee, 247 (25%) had a cervical smear test in response to the invitation, representing an overall increase of 7% in the screened population. The preliminary findings of the five year study have shown that screening can be improved by a systematic call scheme. Coordinated support from the area health authority in health education, monitoring of screening, and feedback of data from the scheme to practices is required to reduce the proportion of unscreened women.
Fouled Asthma Unfouled
Authors: GUNARS Medins
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  With great distress I noted in A PIECE OF MY MIND that Dr Elkins 1 treated the severely asthmatic and ultimately dying child with β-blockers. This class of medications is contraindicated in bronchospastic conditions and may have significantly contributed to the boy's demise.  Perhaps the guinea fowl should have been considered as a bribe after all—a bribe to review, reconsider, and change the previously administered treatment.