tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic and Cardiac Metabolic Effects of Increasing Coronary Flow by Mechanical Increase of Vascular Resistance in Acute Myocardial Infarction with Shock.
Authors: Leslie A. Kuhn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Hemodynamic and Cardiac Metabolic Effects of Increasing Coronary Flow by Mechanical Increase of Vascular Resistance in Acute Myocardial Infarction with Shock.Leslie A. Kuhn, M.D., F.A.C.P., Howard J. Kline, M.D., Robert I. Hamby, M.D., Anthony J. Marano Jr., M.D., Lawrence J. Cohn, M.D., Marvin Berger, M.D.Leslie A. Kuhn, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Howard J. Kline, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert I. Hamby, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Anthony J. Marano Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Lawrence J. Cohn, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Marvin Berger, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1155_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn an attempt to improve myocardial performance in acute myocardial infarction with shock, increments of coronary perfusion pressure were achieved by partial obstruction of the abdominal aorta with a balloon catheter introduced via a femoral artery in 28 dogs with plastic sphere coronary embolization. Alterations of central aortic pressure, coronary sinus flow, cardiac output, left atrial pressure, left ventricular work, left ventricular oxygen consumption, coronary vascular resistance, left ventricular mechanical efficiency, and left ventricular lactate and pyruvate extraction were determined before and after coronary embolization and at intervals during 1 hour of abdominal aortic obstruction. After coronary embolization, aortic pressure,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Leslie A. Kuhn, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Howard J. Kline, M.D.; Robert I. Hamby, M.D.; Anthony J. MaranoJr., M.D.; Lawrence J. Cohn, M.D.; Marvin Berger, M.D.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1155-1155KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionCathetersCoronary arteriesFemoral arteriesHemodynamicsLactatesMyocardial infarctionOxygen consumptionPyruvateShock ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
PD-L1 protein expression in breast cancer is rare, enriched in basal-like tumours and associated with infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: H.R. Ali, S.-E. Glont, F.M. Blows, E. Provenzano, S.-J. Dawson, B. Liu, L. Hiller, J. Dunn, C.J. Poole, S. Bowden, H.M. Earl, P.D.P. Pharoah, C. Caldas
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Abstract 3882: The comparison of genomic instability between epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yi-Ling Lai, Shin-Sheng Yuan, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Sung-Liang Yu, Ker-Chau Li, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We investigated how different the patients of lung adenocarcinoma with and without EGFR activating mutation are in the genomes of their cancer cells. We conducted EGFR mutation test for 141 patients and used high-density even-coverage CGH arrays to chart the sites of DNA copy number alteration (CNA) in primary adenocarcinomas of each patient. We analyzed the site distribution of the most notable alterations from various perspectives and revealed several leading characteristics that converged on chromosome 7p. The clinical relevance of our findings was confirmed by conducting a survival study on an independent group of 114 patients, wherein a gene-signature that used the average copy numbers of 6 genes on 7p as measured by genomic real-time rt-PCR, showed statistical significance in predicting the overall survival and the relapse-free survival for the EGFR-mutation patients but not for the EGFR-wild-type patients. Our findings suggest that chromosome 7p contains very rich information for deciphering the pivotal genomic component contributing to the heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3882. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3882
Association between Residential Proximity to Fuel-Fired Power Plants and Hospitalization Rate for Respiratory Diseases
Authors: Xiaopeng Liu, Lawrence Lessner, David O. Carpenter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Air pollution is known to cause respiratory disease. Unlike motor vehicle sources, fuel-fired power plants are stationary.Using hospitalization data, we examined whether living near a fuel-fired power plant increases the likelihood of hospitalization for respiratory disease.Rates of hospitalization for asthma, acute respiratory infection (ARI), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were estimated using hospitalization data for 1993-2008 from New York State in relation to data for residences near fuel-fired power plants. We also explored data for residential proximity to hazardous waste sites.After adjusting for age, sex, race, median household income, and rural/urban residence, there were significant 11%, 15%, and 17% increases in estimated rates of hospitalization for asthma, ARI, and COPD, respectively, among individuals > 10 years of age living in a ZIP code containing a fuel-fired power plant compared with one that had no power plant. Living in a ZIP code with a fuel-fired power plant was not significantly associated with hospitalization for asthma or ARI among children < 10 years of age. Living in a ZIP code with a hazardous waste site was associated with hospitalization for all outcomes in both age groups, and joint effect estimates were approximately additive for living in a ZIP code that contained a fuel-fired power plant and a hazardous waste site.Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to air pollution from fuel-fired power plants and volatile compounds coming from hazardous waste sites increases the risk of hospitalization for respiratory diseases.
Environmental Lead Pollution in an Urban Soft-water Area
Authors: A. D. Beattie, M. R. Moore, W. T. Devenay, A. R. Miller, A. Goldberg
Journal: BMJ (1972)

An investigation has been reported on the clinical and metabolic effects of lead acquired by soft domestic water from lead plumbing systems in 23 Glasgow households. The lead content of water from cold taps was up to 18 times the upper acceptable limit and was proportional to the amount of lead in the plumbing system. The blood lead of 71 inhabitants of these houses showed a significant positive correlation with water lead content. Delta-aminolaevulic acid dehydrase activity, an extremely sensitive indicator of lead exposure, showed a significant negative correlation with water-lead content. Atmospheric lead was within acceptable limits in all but one house and no significant correlation could be found with biochemical measurements. A small number of clinical abnormalities were found but could not be directly attributed to lead toxicity. The results of the study underline the possible danger to health of lead plumbing systems in soft-water regions.
Clinicopathological features of cutaneous lesions of adult T-cell leukaemia/ lymphoma
Authors: T. Yamaguchi, K. Ohshima, K. Karube, T. Tutiya, R. Kawano, H. Suefuji, A. Shimizu, J. Nakayama, J. Suzumiya, Y. Moroi, K. Urabe, M. Furue, T. Koga, M. Kikuchi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a human malignancy associated with human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I). ATLL frequently involves the skin. Objectives To correlate the clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with ATLL and cutaneous lesions. Methods We examined the HTLV-I proviral state and the clinicopathological features of the cutaneous lesions in 80 patients with serum anti-ATL antibody, to clarify the correlation between macroscopic/histopathological findings and prognosis. Southern blot analysis was performed in all cases to detect monoclonal HTLV-I proviral DNA integration. Results The cutaneous lesions of 46 patients were positive for proviral DNA integration. The median survival time of patients with monoclonal proviral DNA integration in cutaneous lesions was 14 months, which was markedly shorter than that of patients negative for proviral DNA integration (72 months). Of the 46 patients with proviral DNA, 21 had solitary or multiple red nodules (including three with subcutaneous induration), eight had multiple red papules and 17 had erythema. Patients with papules and nodules had poorer prognosis than those with erythema. Histopathologically, the prognosis was poorer in patients with nodular or diffuse infiltration of medium-sized to large lymphoma cells, compared with those with perivascular infiltration of small to medium-sized lymphoma cells. Conclusions Our results show a close correlation between clinicopathological features of HTLV-I-associated cutaneous lesions and prognosis.
THE RADICAL CURE OF ANEURISM.PRESENT STATUS OF THE METHOD OF INTRASACCULAR SUTURE, OR ENDOANEURISMORRHAPHY.
Authors: RUDOLPH MATAS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>SYNOPSIS.</h3> The term, endoaneurismorraphy, meaning the closure of an aneurismal orifice connecting the trunk of an artery with the aneurismal sac by suturing the orifice from<i>within</i>the sac and the obliteration of the sac by suture, I introduced in 1902, in a paper read before the American Surgical Association at its meeting in Albany, to describe an operation which it was my fortune to apply for the first time at the Charity Hospital of New Orleans while attempting the extirpation of a traumatic brachial aneurism in a negro, March 30, 1888, eighteen years ago. It was after the failure to cure this traumatic aneurism by the application of a proximal and distal ligature of the brachial artery that I attempted the extirpation of the sac; but the extirpation had to be abandoned because of the danger of injuring the median and ulnar nerves which were incorporated in the walls
Abstract 5601: The role of UDP-Glucuronosyltransferases in human breast cancers
Authors: Athena Starlard-Davenport, Beverly Lyn-Cook, Beverly Word, Igor Pogribny
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Reports of an unanticipated increase in cancer risk following exposure to tamoxifen and estrogen-containing drugs suggest that long-term consequences of genetic variations in drug metabolism may need to be elucidated more thoroughly during product development. Variations in UGTs that metabolize these drugs may result in reduced drug efficacy in estrogen target tissues, such as the breast in women. In this study, we characterized the expression of UGTs in normal (n = 31) and malignant (n = 17) human breast tissues from African American and Caucasian women. Several UGT isoforms, including UGT1A1, -1A4, -1A10, and -2B7 mRNA were down-regulated in malignant human breast specimens compared to normal breast specimens as determined by real-time PCR. In addition, UGT1A4, which is the major UGT responsible for conjugating tamoxifen, was genotyped for the UGT1A424Pro/48Val and UGT1A424Thr/48Leu variant. However, the UGT1A448Val variant was not significant prevalent within these population of samples. It is anticipated that this study will provide novel information on the role of UGTs in the breast and provide insight as to how alterations in UGT expression will impact the clearance of estrogens and tamoxifen in women. It is anticipated that this study will be instrumental in predicting tamoxifen toxicity and estrogen carcinogenicity in women with a non-functional UGT variant. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5601. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5601
At what age should cervical screening stop?
Authors: B. Strander
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Purpose</h3> Presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human retinal biopsies (RBs) was previously reported by us. In this consecutive study, we analysed RB and optic nerve biopsies (ONBs) in deceased patients with confirmed COVID-19 assessing viral RNA load, possible virus replication and infectivity. <h3>Patients and methods</h3> In this case series, 14 eyes of 14 deceased patients with COVID-19 were enucleated during autopsy. RB and ONB were subjected to molecular detection of viral RNA, virus cultivation and immunohistochemistry. SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads were compared with RNA loads in the respective throat swabs, vitreous humour and blood samples. <h3>Results</h3> SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 7/14 RBs and in 10/13 ONBs. While virus isolation failed and immunohistochemistry of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was negative, subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) was detectable (40% RB; 60% ONB). <h3>Conclusion</h3> SARS-CoV-2 RNA is detectable in RB and ONB of patients with COVID-19. Presence of sgRNA could point to a SARS-CoV-2 infection of neuronal tissue, but as virus isolation failed and immunohistochemistry of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was negative, an active infection seems unlikely.
I wake up screening
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The topic of medical screening generates heat and light. Let’s start with the light.

The proportion of UK women who have undergone cervical screening has been falling, particularly among young women. Less invasive methods than speculum examination might be an answer, but are they as trustworthy? This week Neha Pathak and colleagues report a meta-analysis comparing the accuracy of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing of urine samples with cervical samples obtained by a doctor ( BMJ 2014;349:g5264, doi:10.1136/bmj.g5264). The results were promising enough for our editorialists Henry Kitchener and Gemma Owens to recommend further evaluation ( BMJ 2014;349:g5542, doi:10.1136/bmj.g5542).

Another good news story: cell free fetal DNA can now be isolated from the maternal circulation and the baby’s rhesus status ascertained from just 20 mL of maternal blood. In their research paper …
Personalized molecular targeted therapy in advanced, recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: A proof of principle
Authors: Sherrie Bhoori, Sara Toffanin, Carlo Sposito, Alessandro Germini, Alessandro Pellegrinelli, Andrea Lampis, Vincenzo Mazzaferro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)

The advent of molecular medicine that targets specific pathways is changing the therapeutic approach to hepatocellular carcinoma. For several aberrantly activated pathways in hepatocarcinoma, surrogate markers of activation can be assessed by immunohistochemistry, although associations with in vivo response to targeted therapies are still lacking.A patient, who presented with hepatic and extra-hepatic hepatocarcinoma recurrence 11 years after liver transplantation, was assessed for beta-catenin, pERK, and pS6 in primary and secondary tumor specimens, in order to define a possible activation of the Wnt, Ras/MAPK and Akt/mTOR pathways and design a personalized targeted therapy in absence of alternative treatment options. Moreover, mutation analysis of the beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) and DNA microsatellite analyses were performed.The identification of the same mutation in the beta-catenin gene, as well as the same microsatellite pattern in tumor tissues taken 11 years apart, proved that the observed hepatocarcinoma was a true recurrence. Nuclear beta-catenin and pS6 in tumor cells were positive, whereas pERK was positive only in the peritumoral endothelium. This pattern of immunohistochemistry, after failure of sorafenib alone, lead to the choice to add the mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, to sorafenib. Three months later a 50% tumor reduction was observed, and after 6 months a further reduction of tumor vital components was confirmed, while a grade II gastrointestinal bleeding episode occurred.A personalized approach aimed to treat recurrent hepatocarcinoma is possible through analysis of tumoral molecular pathways. Partial success of the selected combination of sorafenib and everolimus supports the pivotal role of mTOR signalling and highlights the importance of reliable biomarkers to route the best molecular-based therapeutic options in HCC.
Refugees in South Sudan to receive pneumococcal vaccine after delays over price
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Residents of crowded refugee camps are particularly susceptible to vaccine preventable diseases but they have largely been neglected in the roll out of new vaccines, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) has said.

As it begins a pneumococcal vaccination campaign for children living in Yida, the largest refugee camp in South Sudan, the international medical charity is calling for the discounted prices negotiated by the Global Alliance for Vaccinations and Immunisations (GAVI) to be available to all humanitarian organisations working in crisis situations.

Kate Elder, vaccines policy adviser at Medecins Sans Frontieres, said, “Refugee children are incredibly vulnerable to developing vaccine preventable diseases, so why …
Infarct size estimated from serial serum creatine phosphokinase in relation to left ventricular hemodynamics.
Authors: W Bleifeld, D Mathey, P Hanrath, H Buss, S Effert
Journal: Circulation (1977)

In 50 patients with proven acute myocardial infarction (AMI), left ventricular hemodynamics (pulmonary end-diastolic pressure [PAEDP]; cardiac index [CI]; stroke volume index [SVI]; and SVI/PAEDP were related to the size of the acute infarct. Acute infarct mass was calculated from serial determinations of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) every two hours, using a computer program. In 15 cases postmortem measurement of acute infarct size after staining with Nitro-BT was made and correlated with calculated infarct size. Correlation in this limited number of cases was good with a mean difference of 7 g. Acute infarct mass in 38 survivors was 46 +/- 5 g and was significantly smaller (P less than 0.05) than in the 12 nonsurvivors (76 +/- 12 g.) PAEDP in surviving patients was significantly lower (17 +/- 1 mm Hg) and SVI (36 ml/m2) and SVI/PAEDP (2.4 ml/m2/mm Hg) significantly higher than in the nonsurvivors (PAEDP: 24 mm Hg; SVI: 23 ml/m2; SVI/PAEDP: 0.86 ml/m2/mm Hg) (P less than 0.001 for all differences). Similar significant differences were observed between patients not in shock and those in cardiogenic shock. Although in 39 patients, in whom the infarction was their first, infarct mass was larger (58 +/- 6 g) than in 11 patients with repeat infarctions (37 +/- 8 g), left ventricular hemodynamics were slightly more impaired in reinfarctions (PAEDP: 21 +/- 3 mm Hg; CI:2.60 L/min/m2) than in first infarctions (PAEDP: 18 +/- 1 mm Hg; CI:2.82 L/min/m2). The occurrence of cardiogenic shock was a strong predictor of death; however, the wide scatter of the data for the parameters cardiac index, PAEDP, and acute acute infarct mass precluded their usefulness, when taken individually, in predicting survival. When a relationship between hemodynamics and infarct size was looked for, four constellations of individual patients were identified. These groups were defined by PAEDPs of above or below 18 mm Hg and infarct sizes above or below 65 g. Class A patients (N = 22) had a small infarct (29 +/- 4 g) and good pump function (PAEDP: 13 mm Hg; SVI: 40 ml/m2; SVI/PAEDP: 3.27 ml/m2/mm Hg); prognosis was good for these patients. In class B (N = 13) the infarct was large (96 +/- 8 g) and pump function markedly impaired (PAEDP: 26 mm Hg; SVI: 24 ml/m2; SVI/PAEDP: 0.98 ml/m2/mm Hg); 54% of these patients died. Five patients in class C had, in the presence of a large infarct (84 g), only a slightly elevated PAEDP of 17 mm Hg and an almost normal SVI of 37 ml/m2. In contrast, the ten class D patients had an infarct size (34 g) similar to that in class A, but high PAEDP (23 mm Hg) and moderately reduced SVI (31 ml/m2). In this group a high incidence of reinfarctions (six out of ten) occurred. It is concluded that infarct mass calculated from serial CPK analysis, as a single parameter, cannot be used to predict mortality or development of cardiogenic shock in an individual patient.
HIV-specific cytotoxic T-cells in HIV-exposed but uninfected Gambian women
Authors: Sarah Rowland-Jones, Julian Sutton, Koya Ariyoshi, Tao Dong, Frances Gotch, Steve McAdam, Denise Whitby, Sehu Sabally, Awen Gallimore, Tumani Corrah, Masafumi Takiguchi, Thomas Schultz, Andre McMichael, Hilton Whittle
Journal: Nature Medicine (1995)
Inclusion body myositis: an underdiagnosed condition?
Authors: N D Hopkinson, C Hunt, R J Powell, J Lowe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Inclusion body myositis is an increasingly recognised form of inflammatory myopathy with characteristic clinical and histopathological features which has seldom been reported in the United Kingdom. This paper presents the clinicopathological features of a series of patients diagnosed in Nottingham from 1986 to 1990. During this period, 1319 muscle biopsy samples were processed by this laboratory and rimmed vacuoles were seen in 17 patients. Eleven patients had definite or probable inclusion body myositis according to published criteria. The mean age of the group was 69.4 years with a male to female ratio of 8:3. Typical clinical features were a slowly progressive painless, proximal lower limb weakness, with muscle wasting and early loss of reflexes. The median duration of illness from first symptom to presentation was five years (range 2-18 years). Falls were a prominent symptom in six patients and distal weakness occurred in nine patients. Creatine kinase was increased in 10 patients but only one had a level &gt; 1000 IU/l; the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was normal in five patients. Treatment with steroids or cytotoxic drugs, or both, did not prevent disease progression. It is confirmed that inclusion body myositis is a distinct cause of inflammatory myopathy which is probably underdiagnosed in the United Kingdom. Clinically, it should be suspected in older patients presenting with muscle weakness of insidious onset. Pathologically, a careful search should be made for rimmed vacuoles and inflammation; ultrastructurally, the presence of inclusions will confirm the diagnosis.
Choroideremia in a female.
Authors: G. R. Fraser, A. I. Friedmann
Journal: BMJ (1968)

mitted on the X chromosome. The fully developed condition is confined to males who present with progressive visual loss. The age of onset, speed of progression, and degree of this visual loss are all variable, but it is to be expected that an affected male will have serious visual disability at least in adult life. Characteristic minor abnormalities of the fundus have been described in heterozygous females and they may progress to cause a mild degree of visual loss in adult life (Kurst jens, 1965 ; Krill, 1967) ; the disability in such carrier females is, however, never severe, nor do the fundus appearances develop to the stage seen in affected males. In this communication a case of advanced choroideremia causing serious visual loss from early childhood is described occurring in a female. The family history (see family tree) is consistent with the hypo thesis that she is a heterozygote for the gene causing choroideremia who manifests the condition in very severe form.
Vascular Lesions in Diabetes
Authors: L. Jakab, M. Bretan, J. Feher, L. Kammerer
Journal: BMJ (1965)

JoBuin facial paralysis, as did the nine patients who had no detectable impairment of taste.Of 14 patients first tested after the 14th day nine had loss of taste, of whom only five had denervation and ultimately did badly.One of the remaining five, who did not show ageusia, had fibre degeneration, and a poor final recovery.We believe that the discrepancies between these findings and those of Drs.Peiris and