tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Time course of thrombolysis induced by intravenous bolus or infusion of tissue plasminogen activator in a rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model.
Authors: J P Clozel, T Tschopp, E Luedin, P Holvoet
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Tissue plasminogen activator is a thrombolytic agent that has been shown to be efficient in patients with myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolus. However, little is known about the time course and the dose dependency of its thrombolytic effect. The goal of our study was to investigate the time course of the thrombolysis induced by increasing doses of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) given either as a continuous infusion (0.0625-1 mg/kg) or as a bolus (0.05-0.4 mg/kg). For this purpose, we modified a previously described rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model by using an external gamma counter to follow continuously the thrombolysis. After administration of t-PA as either an infusion or a bolus, the rate and the extent of thrombolysis were dose dependent. The thrombus size decreased regularly following an exponential curve and reached a lower asymptote implicating an unlysable thrombus. As expected, after bolus injection, t-PA was rapidly inhibited resulting in a duration of action of approximately 15 minutes; this was independent of the dose. Surprisingly, during continuous infusion of t-PA for as long as 4 hours, the duration of action was limited to about 2 hours, although the plasma t-PA activity levels remained stable. Although the rate of inhibition was lower and thus the duration of action was longer during continuous infusion of t-PA than after a bolus injection, the extent of thrombolysis was similar when the same dose of t-PA was given as either a bolus or an infusion. These findings could be attributed to the higher initial rate of thrombolysis observed after a bolus injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Associations of serum lipid concentrations and obesity with mortality in women: 20 year follow up of participants in prospective population study in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Authors: C Bengtsson, C Bjorkelund, L Lapidus, L Lissner
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To examine association of different measures of serum lipid concentration and obesity with mortality in women. DESIGN--Prospective observational study initiated in 1968-9, follow up examination after 12 years, and follow up study based on death certificates after 20 years. SETTING--Gothenburg, Sweden. SUBJECTS--1462 randomly selected women aged 38-60 at start of study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Total mortality and death from myocardial infarction as predicted by serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, body mass index, and ratio of circumference of waist to circumference of hips. RESULTS--170 women died during follow up, 26 from myocardial infarction. Serum triglyceride concentration and waist:hip ratio were significantly associated with both end points (relative risk of total mortality for highest quarter of triglyceride concentration v lower three quarters 1.86 (95% confidence interval 1.30 to 2.67); relative risk for waist:hip ratio 1.67 (1.18 to 2.36)). These associations remained after adjustment for background variables. Serum cholesterol concentration and body mass index were initially associated with death from myocardial infarction, but association was lost after adjustment for background variables. Serum triglyceride concentration and waist:hip ratio were independently predictive of both end points (logistic regression coefficient for total mortality for triglyceride 0.514 (SE 0.150), p = 0.0006; coefficient for waist:hip ratio 7.130 (1.92), p = 0.0002) whereas the other two risk factors were not (coefficient for total mortality for cholesterol concentration -0.102 (0.079), p = 0.20; coefficient for body mass index -0.051 (0.027), p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS--Lipid risk profile appears to be different in men and women given that serum triglyceride concentration was an independent risk factor for mortality while serum cholesterol concentration was not. Consistent with previous observations in men, localisation of adipose tissue was more important than obesity per se as risk factor in women.
Skin water loss and accidental hypothermia in psoriasis, ichthyosis, and erythroderma.
Authors: K A Grice, F R Bettley
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Normal Skin Areas in Eczema and Psoriasis.-Afterinhibit- ing sweating with poldine under occlusion the transepidermal water loss was measured in areas of normal skin in patients with eczema and psoriasis. Results Normal Transepidermnal Water LossThe water loss by diffusion through normal skin was remark- ably small.This was in spite of a very low ambient humidity and free air movement.
Prioritization of chemicals according to the degree of hazard in the aquatic environment
Authors: Dean R. Branson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

Chemicals designated as "priority pollutants" or "toxics" have received special attention recently because the discharge of these compounds into public water is to be restricted to the maximum possible with little regard to water quality or economics. The selection of many of the 129 priority cemicals was not based on an objective scientific assessment of the exposure and effect data. In fact, for some compounds, including acenaphthene and 4-chlorophenyl-phenyl ether, the necessary data for listing were non-existent. As an alternative to arbitrarily listing or delisting chemicals for the purpose of prioity control, this paper suggests a promising scientific approach to selecting priority chemicals based on the principles of hazard assessment for chemicals in the aquatic environment. According o the hypothesis, the highest priority chemicals are those with the least margin of safety, defined as the gap between the no-observable-effect concentrations and the ambient exposure concentrations. The no-observable-effect concenrations are based on the results of chronic or sensitive life stage tests with aquatic organisms and the acceptable daily intake rate for fish eates. The ambient exposure concentrations are levels either measured in fish and water, or roughly estimated from a simple nomogram that requires only two of the following three factors: environmental release rate, ratio of dissipation to bioconcentration potential, or ambient residues in fish. THE CHEMICALS STUDIED TO ILLUSTRATE THIS APPROACH TO PRIORITIZING CHEMICALS BASED ON HAZARD ASSESSMENT ARE: polychlorinated biphenyls, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, and pentachlorophenol.
Coronary flow velocity changes after intravenous dipyridamole infusion: Measurements using intravascular Doppler guide wire a documentation of flow inhomogeneity
Authors: Vasilis Voudris, Athanasion Manginas, Vasilis Vassilikos, Maria Koutelou, John Kantzis, Denis V. Cokkinos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
ABSCESS OF THE BRAIN THAT POINTED EXTERNALLY
Authors: H. Drummond
Journal: BMJ (1924)

THE first anid seconid of these three cases are very good examl)les of ttwo anomalies of the bile ducts, which I ,described recenitly in an Arris and Gale lecture (British Journ.1'al of Surgery, April, 1923).The third is one more instance of injury to the common duct.CASE I.A married woman, aged 32, spare, and of rather a delicate type, )iad had indigestion on and off for several years.The indigestion ras of the flatulent type with a good deal of discomfort soon after 'food, especially after certain kinds of food, such as fats and pastry.Considerable relief was obtained by belching.She had been liable to attacks of headache and what she called biliousness with vomiting.Bowels costive.Three weeks before admission she was suddenly seized with very severe pain across the upper abdomen gnd going through to the right shoulder-blade, requiring morphine.She was found to have a tender, distended gall bladder about the size of a smanl pear.There was no jaundice, and never had been any.Operation March 22nid, 1923.-Anincision was made through the upper ight reetus sheath and the muscle displaced outwards.A tightly distended gall bladder was found with a stone, as large as a hazel-nut, wedged into the com- mencement of the cystic duct.
The Consultation
Authors: J Hauser
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE POSSIBLE RELATION OF COPPER TO DISEASE AMONG THE KOREAN PEOPLE
Authors: RALPH G. MILLS
Journal: JAMA (1925)

More than ten years ago, my attention was directed to the possible relation of copper to disease by some attempts to influence the course of experimental tuberculosis by means of copper salts.<sup>1</sup>Difficulty was experienced in introducing the material at frequent intervals and for a sufficiently long period of time without causing too much injury from the repeated puncturing with the hypodermic needle. At this time I was director of the Research Department of the Severance Union Medical College, at Seoul, Korea, and immediately realized that the Korean people, numbering about 17,000,000, were voluntarily performing this very experiment in their everyday life. An explanation of their habits of preparing and eating food will elucidate this point. Brass is the universal material out of which they manufacture the rice and other food bowls, spoons and some of the kitchen utensils. Wine bottles, some of the stills for making fermented liquors,
Circulating angiopoietin‐2, its soluble receptor Tie‐2, and mortality in the general population
Authors: Roberto Lorbeer, Sebastian E. Baumeister, Marcus Dörr, Matthias Nauck, Anne Grotevendt, Henry Völzke, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Henri Wallaschofski, Wolfgang Lieb
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Vitamin D and the Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis Syndrome
Authors: WILLIAM F. FRIEDMAN, WILLIAM C. ROBERTS
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Pregnant rabbits were given high doses of vitamin D to determine whether the vitamin crossed the placenta and to explore the relationship between maternal hypervitaminosis D and congenital supravalvar aortic stenosis. The blood levels of antirachitic substance in the mothers given vitamin D and their offspring were 7 and 9 times greater than in the control mothers and offspring, respectively, indicating that transplacental passage occurred. Serum calcium levels in the offspring whose mothers received vitamin D were significantly higher when compared to control values. A total of 14 abnormalities of the aorta were noted in the 34 offspring whose mothers received vitamin D. Aortic lesions that appeared similar anatomically to supravalvar aortic stenosis in man were noted in six rabbits. Also, one rabbit showed a supravalvar fibrous band and another had an abnormality of the proximal portion of the aorta observed only on microscopic examination. Six additional offspring at age 3 months showed generalized vitamin D vasculotoxicity, without supravalvar narrowing of the aorta, of an advanced type commonly seen in the adult animal given massive doses of the vitamin. Thirty-five control offspring and nine rabbits born to mothers on vitamin D-deficient diets showed no abnormalities of the aorta. The results suggest that an in utero derangement in vitamin D metabolism on the part of mother or fetus, or of both may be responsible for supravalvar aortic stenosis, especially when the latter is associated with infantile hypercalcemia. The questions raised by the experimental findings are emphasized.
Physicians and Medical Education
Authors: George T. Bryan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Certain occasions prompt evaluation of and reflection on our current state of affairs and our future direction. Such is the case with the centennial of The University of Texas Medical School at Galveston. Inasmuch as a medical school provides the foundation for future physicians to practice medicine with compassion and to actively seek solutions to medical dilemmas, interpersonal skills and critical thinking are essential to the future of medicine. We must face the problems encountered in the process of educating physicians and implement changes that assure that these elements of compassion and critical analysis are passed on to our future colleagues. Physicians who are engaged in the practice of medicine on a full-time basis (hereafter referred to as practicing physicians) can help us impart these elements to our students. In addition, they can help identify other essential components of medical practice that should become part of medical education. A central
A piece of my mind. Wife
Authors: J. A. Whitehall
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Isolation, characterization, and distribution of an unusual pancreatic human secretory protein.
Authors: J Gross, R I Carlson, A W Brauer, M N Margolies, A L Warshaw, J R Wands
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

An unusual protein was isolated from acid extracts of normal human pancreas and pancreatic secretion in the form of uniform 7-10-nm long single threads without visible axial periodicity or other structure, as seen in the electron microscope. It accounts for as much as 300 micrograms/ml in some pancreatic secretions as measured by specific radioimmunoassay. The protein undergoes a freely reversible, pH dependent, globule-fibril transformation, being stable in the fibril form between pH 5.4 and 9.2. The monomer at acid pH has an apparent molecular weight of approximately 14,000 and consists of a single polypeptide chain, the amino acid composition of which is rich in aromatic amino acids and lacks carbohydrate, fatty acid, and phosphate. The amino acid sequence of 45 residues from the amino terminus shows no homology with any other reported protein sequences other than that of the A chain of the bovine pancreas thread protein (reported elsewhere). A sensitive radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic thread protein failed to detect the antigen in a wide range of human tissues other than pancreas, nor was the antigen measurable in normal human sera. Immunohistochemistry utilizing these antibodies revealed the antigen as a component of the cytoplasm of some but not all the pancreatic acinar cells. A physiologic function has not yet been determined for this protein.
Effects of sodium nitroprusside on left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations.
Authors: B R Brodie, W Grossman, T Mann, L P McLaurin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

The effect of sodium nitroprusside on the relationship between left ventricular pressure and volume during diastole was studied in 11 patients with congestive heart failure. Nitroprusside was infused to lower mean arterial pressure approximately 20-30 mm Hg. High fidelity left ventricular pressures were recorded in all patients simultaneously with left ventricular cineangiography (biplane in eight and single plane in three patients), allowing precise measurement of pressure and volume throughout the cardiac cycle. Left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume curves were constructed in each patient from data obtained before and during nitroprusside infusion. In 9 of 11 patients there was a substantial downward displacement of the diastolic pressure-volume curve during nitroprusside infusion, with left ventricular pressure being lower for any given volume with nitroprusside. Serial left ventricular cineangiograms performed 15 min apart in six additional subjects who did not receive sodium nitroprusside showed no shift in the diastolic pressure-volume relation, indicating that the shift seen with nitroprusside was not due to the angiographic procedure itself. A possible explanation for the altered diastolic pressure-volume relationships with nitroprusside might be a direct relaxant effect of nitroprusside on ventricular muscle, similar to its known relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscle. Alternatively, nitroprusside may affect the diastolic pressure-volume curve by affecting viscous properties or by altering one or more of the extrinsic constraints acting upon the left ventricle.
Decreasing quality of semen.
Authors: J. Ginsburg, P. Hardiman
Journal: BMJ (1992)

haematology results.Such a comparison may be invalid because of the differing viscosities of blood and semen.Unfortunately, white cell pipettes were commonly used for diluting semen specimens for counting in haemocytometers until the 1960s.Eliasson attributed imprecision in sperm concen- tration determinations to the use of white cell pipettes.4Consequently we must conclude that grounds do exist for suspecting a significant bias to methodological error during the period under consideration.The importance of a possible secular trend in methodological error is apparent when one con- siders that the apparent differences in sperm concentration were found in studies before 1961 and after 1961, as shown in figure 2 in the paper.'Differences were not apparent from 1961 to 1991.Early studies comprised 16% of reports and 1 1% of subjects.The authors are urged to establish that their comparison of historical data is free of method- ological bias; perhaps a more cohesive set (or subset) in which comparable techniques were used could be considered.Can we conclude that there is or is not a genuine decline in sperm counts?Unfortunately, comparison of historical and contemporary methods may not be reliable.The greenhouse effect, global warming, declining sperm counts-all may be true; we just do not know.
Advances in Research and Services for Children with Special Needs
Authors: William C. Gibson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This unique volume of essays grew out of the ferment generated by the International Year of the Child. For medical practitioners, the judicious editing brings the flavor and argument of all the papers presented, but with welcome relief from the burden of reading ponderous or redundant statements usually made at conferences of the interdisciplinary type.  Therefore, the sparkling paper by Dr J. Keith Brown, the Edinburgh pediatric neurologist, on Some Neurological Aspects of Learning Disorders sets a high standard for others to follow. For the large international audience expected, a French translation is included. This excellent feature characterizes the volume throughout, even to the abstracts.  Dr Janet Hardy, the well-known Johns Hopkins pediatrician, returned to her native British Columbia to discuss Biological and Environmental Determinants of Developmental Disabilities, expecially those caused by rubella.  Each of the seven chapters concentrates on a special theme, eg, provision of services to exceptional children
Vulval involvement in lichen planus: a study of 37 women
Authors: F.M. LEWIS, M. SHAH, C.I. HARRINGTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

The overall prevalence of vulval involvement in women with lichen planus is unknown. In a series of 37 women with lichen planus, we found vulval lesions in 19 (51%). Vulval lesions are often chronic and may undergo malignant change. All patients presenting with cutaneous or oral lesions of lichen planus should be questioned about, and examined specifically for, signs of genital involvement. Long-term follow-up of these patients is necessary.
FALLACIES IN THE UNDERSTADING OF ANTISEPTICS AND GERMICIDES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MERCURIC CHLORID
Authors: MARSH PITZMAN
Journal: JAMA (1910)

A study of this subject brings into discussion fundamental principles of surgery and is therefore, I trust, of general interest.  An infected wound in this country, in the hands of the majority of surgeons, is treated by a bichlorid of mercury moist pack. To this general procedure I take only the exceptions noted later. A large number of textbooks state and surgeons believe that mercuric chlorid exerts an antiseptic action on the bacteria within the tissues. That bichlorid of mercury as used does not exert such antiseptic action is my main proposition.  CHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS  We must consider first the chemical structure of mercuric chlorid. As the name implies, two atoms of chlorin are combined with one of mercury. It is due to the mercury that mercuric chlorid possesses its specific action on syphilis and, in case of overdoses, its poisonous activity. It is due to the chlorin that mercuric chlorid
Hunterian Lecture on NEW METHODS OF SURGICAL ACCESS TO THE BRAIN
Authors: H. S. Souttar
Journal: BMJ (1928)

ft Bi' 298 involved in the general fibrositic changes.In men affected with panniculitis the same clinical picture can often be seen, especially if they are stout and heavy.Nonie of these people show any sigas of true myxoedema or thyroid deficiency, and the condition is often met with long before the menopause, when menstruation is regular and when there is presumably no ovarian deficieney.If of child- bearing age these women bear children n-ormally.With regard to treatment, tlle principles affecting acute exacerbations alnd the original underlyillg causes have already been discussed, leaving for consideration how we may best get rid of the fibro-fatty overgr-owth.In patients with a large amoullt of subcut-aneous fat the most satis-