tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anthropometry, Body Fat, and Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Marianne Tang Severinsen, Søren Risom Kristensen, Søren Paaske Johnsen, Claus Dethlefsen, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Obesity, measured as body mass index, is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Body mass index is a marker of excess weight and correlates well with body fat content in adults; however, it fails to consider the distribution of body fat. We assessed the association between anthropometric variables and VTE.From 1993 to 1997, 27 178 men and 29 876 women 50 to 64 years of age were recruited into a Danish prospective study (Diet, Cancer, and Health). During 10 years of follow-up, the outcome of VTE events was identified in the Danish National Patient Registry and verified by review of medical records. Body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and total body fat were measured at baseline. We used Cox proportional hazard models to assess the association between anthropometry and VTE. Age was used as a time axis, with further adjustment for smoking, physical activity, height, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, and, among women, use of hormone replacement therapy. We verified 641 incident VTE events and found monotonic dose-response relationships between VTE and all anthropometric measurements in both sexes. In mutually adjusted analyses of waist and hip circumference, we found that hip circumference was positively associated with VTE in women but not in men, whereas waist circumference was positively associated with VTE in men but not in women.All measurements of obesity are predictors of the risk for VTE. Positive associations were found between VTE and body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and total body fat mass.
Prolonged fever of unknown origin and hemophagocytosis evolving into acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Neta Goldschmidt, Alexander Gural, Abraham Kornberg, Galia Spectre, Andrei Shopen, Ora Paltiel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is an unusual acute syndrome presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenias. The hallmark of HPS is the accumulation of activated macrophages that engulf hematopoietic cells in the reticuloendothelial system. Most cases of HPS in adults are secondary to infection or malignancy, and thus investigation of the underlying disease is necessary. We describe a patient with prolonged fever, HPS, and chromosomal abnormalities in the bone marrow who underwent thorough evaluation for the cause of his symptoms. A final diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was established in a fourth, repeated bone marrow biopsy performed more than 2 months after the first presenting symptom appeared. This unusual case demonstrates the importance of cytogenetic abnormalities found in cases of HPS and the importance of repeated testing when an underlying disease is suspected. Am. J. Hematol. 76:364–367, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Feasibility of Thoracotomy for Lung Cancer in the Elderly
Authors: Stanley Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We reviewed 139 cases of thoracotomy for lung cancer, performed during a 7 1/2-year period. Patients were divided into two groups based on age: a younger group (&lt;70 years old) and an elderly group (≥70 years old). Among all cases of lung cancer diagnosed during the study period, the percentage of patients undergoing thoracotomy in both groups was comparable. Comparison of baseline features of the two groups revealed no statistical difference in the distribution of sex, smoking history, arterial blood gas values, degree of airflow obstruction, cell type, stage of cancer, or subsequent therapy. Potentially serious medical problems were more frequent in the elderly group, whereas the younger group had significantly higher values for several pulmonary function parameters and underwent a significantly higher proportion of pneumonectomies. Although operative mortality in the elderly group was greater (9.4% vs 4.0%; 95% confidence intervals, 29.9%, 92.5% vs 7.5%, 70.1%), further analysis of outcomes revealed no statistically significant difference in the postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, or actuarial survival. We conclude that advanced age does not adversely affect prognosis following thoracotomy for lung cancer. Therefore, elderly patients with reasonable cardiopulmonary function should not be denied potentially curative pulmonary resection because of concern for age-related complications. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:927-930)
The Proposed American Medical Cyclopedia.
Authors: Howard A. Kelly
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Baltimore, Oct. 29, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> It may interest those who showed interest in the scheme of my proposed Cyclopedia of American Medical Biography to learn that 150 biographies have been sent in and over a hundred more promised. The pleasant and willing cooperation of physicians in all states argues well for the ultimate success of the book, but helpers are lacking for the Carolinas, Nevada, Utah and Arizona. Pictures, photographs and signatures of medical worthies are also still needed. In order that full credit shall be given to men who have been eminent in any particular way, fourteen of my confrères have undertaken to write up specialists, and a chapter will be devoted to those who have excelled in any science besides that of medicine. Dr. Bardeen (Wisconsin) sends in a suggestive list of anatomists: T. H. Fisher. W. S. Forbes. C. La Ford. J. D. Godman. R.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Disks of Newton (Study for “Fugue in Two Colors”)&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Letter: Little and big bellachers.
Authors: P Childs
Journal: BMJ (1975)

greatest cause of disagreement is over the use of unts based on the mole wlhenapplied to substances of higher molecular weight.This seems to be a quite unnecessary complication and ehange to no great purpose and may well prove to be a cause of error and misunderstanding.It would be infinitely preferable to use mass concentra- tion units in the same way as is recommended for proteins.-Iam, etc.,
A SUGGESTION ON PHENOL AND ICHTHYOL IN EXTERNAL OTITIS
Authors: Richard M. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1913)

In the last years of my service at the head of the Eye and Ear Clinic, Colon Hospital, Cristobal, Canal Zone, we were trying both phenolized glycerin and ichthyol in glycerin in certain external and middle-ear diseases and comparing the results obtained, when unexpectedly the supply of fine gauze packing for making tampons ran out. I took some packing from the bottle of 10 per cent. phenolized glycerin, and, squeezing it partly dry, dropped 10 per cent. ichthyol in glycerin on it, and used it in a case which had resisted all previous treatment. The packing was removed in two hours. To my astonishment the tumefaction of the canal was very greatly lessened. I continued the hot 2 per cent. boric irrigations four times a day; with the addition of this tampon left in place two hours daily. The rapidity of improvement was wonderful and recovery complete. Thinking it possibly
Evolution of inspiratory diaphragm activity in children over the course of the PICU stay
Authors: Guillaume Emeriaud, Alexandrine Larouche, Laurence Ducharme-Crevier, Erika Massicotte, Olivier Fléchelles, Amélie-Ann Pellerin-Leblanc, Sylvain Morneau, Jennifer Beck, Philippe Jouvet
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2014)
Psychiatric patient sues for cost of bringing up child
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The NHS cannot be made to pay the cost of bringing up a child that a woman with brain damage claims she conceived while staying on a mixed sex psychiatric ward, a judge ruled at the High Court in London last week. But Mr Justice Cooke gave the 30 year old woman permission to appeal.

The case breaks new ground as the first claim for the cost of substitute care by a mother who is completely unable to care for her child. In a …
The Treatment of Tuberculous Disease of the Hip-Joint in its Early Stages
Authors: H. Marsh
Journal: BMJ (1897)

A3AJ1395 round hole about one-third of an inch in diameter, having a smooth, slightly thickened margin, situated about an inch above the aortic valves, was found in the attached walls of the two vessels.There was in this case no sign of the com- munication, but the double murmur of aortic disease was plainly audible.This peculiar murmur is probably caused
Fractionated endocardial electrograms are associated with slow conduction in humans: Evidence from pace-mapping
Authors: William G. Stevenson, James N. Weiss, Isaac Wiener, S.Mitchell Rivitz, Koonlawee Nademanee, Thomas Klitzner, Lawrence Yeatman, Martin Josephson, Daniel Wohlgelernter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)
Adenoids as a Route of Tubercular Invasion.
Authors: J. O. Cobb
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Los Angeles, Cal., Feb. 16, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In Dr. Freudenthal's article on "Adenoids" inThe Journal, Feb. 7, he says: "If, for some reason or other, the path of the tubercle bacillus downward is closed up, by adenoids or other causes, it makes its way to the cranial cavity, where a tuberculous meningitis, so frequent among children, is set up." Such a statement, coming from a man of Freudenthal's prominence, is likely to lead many into wrong conceptions regarding the method of infection in tuberculosis. Dr. Freudenthal is challenged to explain the anatomic route and steps of infection from the adenoid to the meninges or to any portion of the body, or to the lungs. A great many writers are advancing the theory that nearly all our tuberculous infections, even of the lungs, are through the tonsils or adenoid tissue. In this country Lartigau is the most prominent
BELL'S PALSY-A MEDICAL EMERGENCY
Authors: David D. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Sudden, spontaneous interruption of the function of the seventh cranial nerve is no longer treated expectantly. It must be dealt with as a medical emergency to relieve the ischemia of the nerve in the facial canal. The ischemia results from vasospasm and is aggravated by reactive edema. The pathological process is that of ischemic neuritis. Treatment should be started as soon after the onset of paralysis as possible, preferably within the first 48 hours. It consists of blocking the stellate ganglion and administering nicotinic acid parenterally to achieve vasodilation and administering corticosteroids to reduce edema. Although in most cases recovery is spontaneous, the possibility of permanent distressing sequelae, such as residual paralysis, contracture, associated movements, and hemifacial spasm makes prompt treatment essential.
The efficacy of anti-TNF in rheumatoid arthritis, a comparison between randomised controlled trials and clinical practice
Authors: W Kievit, J Fransen, A J M Oerlemans, H H Kuper, M A F J van der Laar, D J R A M de Rooij, C M A De Gendt, K H Ronday, T L Jansen, P C M van Oijen, H L M Brus, E M Adang, P L C M van Riel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

National payment policies target a hemoglobin range of 11 to 12.5 g/dl for patients with ESRD. However, clinical complications and provider practices may contribute to wide fluctuations over time. This study evaluated the frequency with which patients maintain stable hemoglobin levels below, within, and above the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services target range and assessed patterns of hemoglobin level change that resulted in large fluctuations across the target range during a 6-mo period. All hemodialysis patients who survived the first 6 mo of 2003, had Medicare as primary payer, and had Medicare outpatient erythropoietin claims in each of the first 6 mo of 2003 (<i>n</i> = 152,846) were studied. Six patient groups were defined on the basis of patterns of hemoglobin level fluctuation: Consistently low (&lt;11 g/dl), consistently target range (11 to 12.5 g/dl), consistently high (≥12.5 g/dl), low-amplitude fluctuation with low hemoglobin levels, low-amplitude fluctuation with high hemoglobin levels, and high-amplitude fluctuation. Only 10.3% of patients maintained stable hemoglobin levels during the 6 mo and only 6.5% in the target range. The consistently low group had the highest percentage of hospitalizations and the highest number of comorbid conditions. High-amplitude fluctuation was the most common pattern (39.5%), with hemoglobin levels falling below and rising above the target range during the 6-mo period. Hemoglobin levels in almost 90% of patients are in some degree of flux at any point in time, and the fluctuation is highly associated with clinical complications and provider practices.
ANGINA PECTORIS—TRUE AND FALSE.
Authors: JAMES M. ANDERS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

True angina pectoris is, comparatively speaking, an uncommon condition. The mechanism involved in its pathogenesis is imperfectly understood, and the views found recorded on the subject in medical literature are, for the most part, hypothetical. Two facts, however, are generally accepted: First, that structural changes of the cardio-vascular system are present in the immense majority of cases, the chief among them being arterial sclerosis, especially of the coronaries, aortic regurgitation, aortitis (syphilitic?), hypertrophy, aortic aneurism, adherent pericardium and myocardial degeneration—fatty and fibroid. These lesions may be variously combined and the instances in which a certain grade of calcification of the coronary arteries and root of the aorta, associated with more or less myocardial degeneration, has not been found in evidence postmortem, are of rare occurrence. The second fact which passes current is that irritation or disturbance of the cardiac sensory nerves exists. Unfortunately most of the leading theories concerning the
Muscarinic Supersensitivity and Impaired Receptor Desensitization in G Protein–Coupled Receptor Kinase 5–Deficient Mice
Authors: Raul R Gainetdinov, Laura M Bohn, Julia K.L Walker, Stéphane A Laporte, Alexander D Macrae, Marc G Caron, Robert J Lefkowitz, Richard T Premont
Journal: Neuron (1999)
Where All the Glucose Doesn't Go in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Clifton Bogardus, Stephen Lillioja
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake, or insulin resistance, is a metabolic defect characteristic of virtually all patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The cause of insulin resistance remains unknown, but in the past decade, since the development of the hyperinsulinemic-glucose-clamp technique, considerable progress has been made in identifying the insulin-resistant tissues and metabolic pathways responsible for decreased insulin action. DeFronzo et al.1 , 2 and subsequently others demonstrated that most of the glucose that leaves the plasma during hyperinsulinemia enters peripheral tissues rather than the gut or liver, and that insulin resistance in patients with NIDDM is largely a result of decreased glucose . . .
1250 HUMAN IN VITRO MODEL OF FATTY LIVER AND THE INFLUENCE OF ANTI-LIPIDEMIC DRUGS ON METABOLISM AND SIGNAL PATHWAYS IN STEATOTIC HEPATOCYTES
Authors: G. Damm, A. Krüger, S. Lünse, S. Sperling, V. Kegel, T. Schulz, B. Burkhardt, D. Seehofer, M. Glanemann, A.K. Nüssler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Use of the Deferoxamine Infusion Test in the Diagnosis of Aluminum-Related Osteodystrophy
Authors: Dawn S. Milliner, Henry G. Nebeker, Susan M. Ott, Dennis L. Andress, Donald J. Sherrard, Allen C. Alfrey, Eduardo A. Slatopolsky, Jack W. Coburn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

The accumulation of aluminum in bone can cause disabling osteodystrophy in patients with renal failure. Because the chelating agent deferoxamine can mobilize aluminum from tissues, we evaluated the effect of a standard intravenous dose of deferoxamine on plasma aluminum concentrations in 54 patients on hemodialysis. Stainable bone aluminum, bone histologic findings, and bone aluminum content were studied. Baseline plasma aluminum concentrations of greater than 200 µg/L were associated with aluminum-related osteodystrophy (specificity, 93%), but concentrations of less than 200 µg/L did not exclude the diagnosis (sensitivity, 43%). After administration of deferoxamine, the increase in plasma aluminum concentration was 534 ± 260 (SD) and 214 ± 92 µg/L in patients with and without aluminum-related bone disease, respectively (p < 0.001), and correlated with the bone aluminum content (r = 0.64). An increment in plasma aluminum concentration of greater than 200 µg/L identified 35 of the 37 patients with aluminum-related osteodystrophy; sensitivity was 94% and specificity, 50%. The deferoxamine infusion test is noninvasive, well tolerated, and of value particularly in excluding the diagnosis of aluminum-related osteodystrophy.
NHS reform is hampering implementation of personal health budgets
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The reforms of the health service in England are hampering the implementation of personal health budgets, amid the dissolution of the current NHS infrastructure, shows the second progress report on a selected 20 of the 70 pilot sites.

The report says, “Whilst there are major positives, and it is clear that sites have moved on since the last report, sites are experiencing difficulties maintaining the momentum of personal health budgets given the context of the abolition of [primary care trusts].”

Personal budgets were introduced in England in 1996 but only for users of adult social care services. The previous Labour government decided …
191 EIGHT QUESTIONS OF THE PATIENT-REPORTED SICKNESS IMPACT PROFILE CAN EFFECTIVELY SCREEN FOR MINIMAL HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: E. Nabi, L.R. Thacker, D.M. Heuman, A.J. Sanyal, R.K. Sterling, R.T. Stravitz, V. Luketic, M. Fuchs, I. Bouneva, M.S. Siddiqui, M.B. White, P. Monteith, N.N. Jones, J.S. Bajaj
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Financial Incentives for Completion of Fecal Occult Blood Tests Among Veterans
Authors: Jeffrey T. Kullgren, Tanisha N. Dicks, Xiaoying Fu, Diane Richardson, George L. Tzanis, Martin Tobi, Steven C. Marcus
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Rates of patient completion of fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs) are often low.To examine whether financial incentives increase rates of FOBT completion.A 2-stage, parallel-design, pragmatic, cluster, randomized, controlled trial with clustering by clinic day (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01516489).Primary care clinic of the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center.1549 patients who were prescribed an FOBT (unique samples of 713 patients for stage 1 and 836 patients for stage 2).In stage 1, patients were assigned to usual care or receipt of $5, $10, or $20 for FOBT completion. In stage 2, different patients were assigned to usual care or receipt of $5, a 1 in 10 chance of $50, or entry into a $500 raffle for FOBT completion.Primary outcome was FOBT completion within 30 days. Preplanned subgroup analyses examined 30-day FOBT completion by previous nonadherence to a prescribed FOBT.In stage 1, none of the incentives increased rates of FOBT completion. In stage 2, a 1 in 10 chance of $50 increased FOBT completion compared with usual care (between-group difference, 19.6% [95% CI, 10.7% to 28.6%]; P < 0.001) but a $5 fixed payment and entry into a raffle for $500 did not. None of the incentives were more effective among patients who had previously been nonadherent to an FOBT than among patients who had previously completed an FOBT.Single Veterans Affairs medical center setting, short follow-up, use of 3-sample rather than 1-sample immunochemical FOBTs, limited power to detect small effects of incentives, inability to evaluate cost-effectiveness.A 1 in 10 chance of receiving $50 was effective at increasing rates of FOBT completion, but 5 other tested incentives were not.Veterans Affairs Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion.
Potassium Parenterally in Treatment of Uncontrolled Ventricular Arrhythmia
Authors: Joseph J. Verska
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Our experience in successfully controlling persistent ventricular arrhythmias with massive potassium therapy would suggest that the traditional concepts 1-3 in this regard need to be revised.  Report of a Case.—  A 56-year-old woman underwent successful mitral valvotomy for advanced mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation. Following cardioversion to a regular sinus rhythm she was discharged, with a regimen of digitoxin, 0.25 mg/day, and quinidine, 200 mg three times a day.  On the 23rd postoperative day, she returned to the hospital after a transient episode of unconsciousness and generalized weakness which cleared completely in several hours. Her pulse rate was 106 beats per minute and irregular, and blood pressure was 120/72 mm Hg. The diagnosis was a cerebral embolism, and anticoagulation therapy was instituted. Serum potassium level on admission was reported as 4.1 mEq/liter, and an electrocardiogram did not suggest electrolyte disturbance or ischemic abnormalities. At 11 AM the
Increased expression of humanin peptide in diffuse-type pigmented villonodular synovitis: implication of its mitochondrial abnormality
Authors: K Ijiri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To define the pathogenesis of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS), by searching for highly expressed genes in primary synovial cells from patients with PVNS.A combination of subtraction cloning and Southern colony hybridisation was used to detect highly expressed genes in PVNS in comparison with rheumatoid synovial cells. Northern hybridisation was performed to confirm the differential expression of the humanin gene in PVNS. Expression of the humanin peptide was analysed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Electron microscopic immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the distribution of this peptide within the cell.68 highly expressed genes were identified in PVNS. Humanin genes were strongly expressed in diffuse-type PVNS, but were barely detected in nodular-type PVNS, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteoarthritis. Humanin peptide was identified in synovium from diffuse-type PVNS, and most of the positive cells were distributed in the deep layer of the synovial tissue. Double staining with anti-humanin and anti-heat shock protein 60 showed that humanin was expressed mainly in mitochondria. Electron microscopy disclosed immunolocalisation of this peptide, predominantly around dense iron deposits within the siderosome.Increased expression of the humanin peptide in mitochondria and siderosomes is characteristic of synovial cells from diffuse-type PVNS. Humanin is an anti-apoptotic peptide which is encoded in the mitochondrial genome. Present findings suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may be the principal factor in pathogenesis of diffuse-type PVNS and that humanin peptide may play a part in the neoplastic process in this form of PVNS.