tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Involuntary Jaw Movements in Elderly Patients
Authors: Melvin J. Steinhart
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  In a recent issue ofThe Journal, Daniel M. Laskin, DDS, responded to a question regarding involuntary jaw movements in elderly patients. Although he lists three conditions that should be considered in elderly patients who manifest continuous involuntary jaw movements, there is one very important condition that he neglected to comment on: namely, tardive dyskinesia, which is quite common in elderly patients who have been receiving long-term antipsychotic drug therapy. Once the condition is established, it may be irreversible (largely depending on its duration), although numerous drugs (eg, deanol and valproate sodium) have been advocated as being efficacious in reversing this extremely disturbing syndrome. Of equal importance however, is the fact that using drugs such as benztropine (Cogentin) mesylate, trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Artane), and similar anticholinergic drugs are contraindicated in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia, since these medications worsen the symptoms. Similarly, agents that increase CNS dopamine levels
Agoraphobia Is a Disease: A Tribute to Sir Martin Roth
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Chiara Rafanelli, Eliana Tossani, Silvana Grandi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

The evidence which has accumulated on the course of agoraphobia challenges the DSM view that phobic avoidance is secondary to panic attacks. In particular, a longitudinal study by Wittchen et al. indicates that agoraphobia, as a diagnostic category, is frequently independent of panic disorder and panic attacks, is unlikely to remit spontaneously and entails compromised quality of life. A staging system of agoraphobia is presented. Panic may ensue in the longitudinal development of agoraphobia, as well as of other anxiety disorders, and be conceptualized as a potential outcome in the course of anxiety, phobias and hypochondriasis as more than a specific disease entity. These recent research findings confirm the clinical observations and phenomenological research of Sir Martin Roth (1917–2006) and call for a reassessment of the concept of neurosis.
I'm Gonna Slap Those Doctors
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Ad Libitum1 July 1989I'm Gonna Slap Those DoctorsJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-1-97 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBecause the rosy conditionmakes my nose bumpy and bigand because I give them the crap they deserve,they write me off as a boozerand snow me with drugs. Like I'm gonnago wild and green bugs are gonnacrawl on me and I'm gonna tear outtheir goddamn precious IV.I haven't had a drink in a yearbut those slick bastards cross their armsand talk about sodium. They comewith their noses crunched up like my roomis purgatory and they're thegoddamn angels doing a bitof social work. Listen, I might nothave... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1989Volume 111, Issue 1Page: 97-97KeywordsDrugsSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Social preference experiments in animals: Strengthening the case for human preferences
Authors: Keith Jensen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Guala appears to take social preferences for granted in his discussion of reciprocity experiments. While he does not overtly claim that social preferences are only by-products that arise in testing environments, he does assert that whatever they are – and how they evolved – they have little value in the real world. Experiments on animals suggest that social preferences may be unique to humans, supporting the idea that they might play a prominent role in our world.
Randomised controlled trial assessing effectiveness of health education leaflets in reducing incidence of sunburn
Authors: P. Dey, S. Collins, S. Will, C. B J Woodman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Exposure to the sun and severe sunburn are associated with an increased risk of malignant melanoma.1 Health education leaflets are often part of primary prevention strategies which aim to modify high risk behaviour related to the sun.2 This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a health education leaflet in reducing sunburn.

The study population comprised holidaymakers travelling on Air UK Leisure flights from Manchester airport during August 1993. The unit of randomisation was the flight. Flights were stratified into long haul (North America and Jamaica) and short haul (Europe) and randomly allocated to the intervention or control arm. Before boarding, the health education authority leaflet If You Worship The Sun, Don't Sacrifice Your Skin was placed in seat pockets on …
Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Palliation of Malignant Esophageal Obstruction - A Pilot Study of Eight Patients
Authors: N. Bethge, K. Knyrim, H. J. Wagner, E. Starck, J. Pausch, D. V. Kleist
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

We sought to determine whether the application of a self-expanding metal stent enables palliation of malignant dysphagia with minimal risk. The results of pilot studies from two centers are reported. We treated 8 inoperable patients with a 14 mm self-expanding metal stent (Wallstent). The stent was applied without general anesthesia under mild i.v. sedation. The procedure was successful in all cases. No side effects were noted. In one patient, tumor ingrowth through the meshes of the stent occurred. This patient was additionally treated with a percutaneous gastrostomy. One patient experienced tumor overgrowth of the proximal end, necessitating laser treatment. Three patients were still alive after three months. The mean number of cumulative endoscopic interventions per patient was 2.2 (SD: +/- 2; median 2). The mean observation time was 10.7 weeks +/- 2 (median 12). Dysphagia was graded from 0 (normal swallowing) to 4 (inability to swallow saliva). Dysphagia was significantly (p less than 0.0005) reduced from grade 3.1 (SD: +/- 0.35) to 0.5 (SD: +/- 0.5) immediately after stenting. 62.5% of the patients were able to manage a virtually normal diet (in one of these patients dysphagia recurred six weeks after stent placement due to tumor ingrowth). Six patients (75%) were able to ingest all necessary calories orally. The application of a 14 mm self-expanding metal stent in cases of inoperable malignant esophageal obstruction seems to offer safe and effective palliation of malignant dysphagia.
Does Leptin Cause Vascular Disease?
Authors: John P. Cooke, Roberta K. Oka
Journal: Circulation (2002)

n the past two decades, there has been a 2-to 4-fold increase in childhood obesity in the United States.The current epidemic of childhood obesity in the United States can be expected to cause a surge in cardiovascular disease in this generation. 1,2Already, obesity-related illnesses account for nearly 300 000 deaths and about $100 billion in economic costs per year in the United States.Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which obesity accelerates vascular disease has become ever more important. See p 1919 Mechanisms of Obesity-Induced Cardiovascular DiseaseObesity is associated with hypercholesterolemia, which is in some cases due to elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Obesity-associated dyslipidemia is often due to metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. 3Each component of the metabolic syndrome may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease observed in obesity.In addition, plasma levels of C-reactive peptide (CRP) increase with fat mass and decline with weight loss. 4Recently, CRP has been demonstrated to directly impair endothelium-dependent vasodilation, 5 and it is also known to be predictive of increased cardiovascular events in patients with other risk factors or with vascular disease. 6besity is also known to reduce vascular compliance. 7An increase in vascular stiffness has long-term adverse effects on the cardiovascular system by increasing impedance to blood flow and thereby increasing cardiovascular work and contributing to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.Traditional risk factors are associated with vascular stiffness, and vascular stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. 8 Leptin and Endothelial FunctionCuriously, plasma leptin levels were not correlated with flow-mediated vasodilation (FMVD).The investigators (incorrectly) concluded that ". . . the effect of leptin on arterial distensibility was independent of the short-term availability
Secondary drowning in a patient with epilepsy
Authors: Stephanie Milne, Andrew Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Drowning is defined as death by suffocation after submersion in a liquid; near drowning is survival, at least temporarily, after aspiration of fluid into the lungs.1 2 Secondary drowning is death or serious clinical deterioration following near drowning after a period of relative wellbeing; it is not due to neurological causes, respiratory sequelae of inhaled foreign material, or secondary infection. Secondary drowning is caused by inadequate alveolar gas exchange, probably due to primary alveolar membrane dysfunction and loss of surfactant. It can happen after immersion in fresh water or salt water.3–5 Secondary drowning occurs in 2-5% of all submersion incidents.6 7

We report a patient who seemed to recover fully from near drowning. The diagnosis of secondary drowning was not made until several hours after admission with acute respiratory distress. We highlight the need to consider secondary drowning and describe its immediate care, diagnosis, and management.

A 44 year old woman with a history of hypertension and epilepsy had a tonic-clonic seizure while swimming unaccompanied in her local pool. She was submerged for about one minute then taken to the side of the pool, where the seizure continued for two minutes before stopping spontaneously. She seemed to recover fully and refused offers to be taken to the hospital, preferring to go home.

About an hour and a half after returning home she developed shortness of …
Karen Woo Surgical Team Award: making a difference in the UK and abroad
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Our goal was to identify subgroups of adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) at low risk of death within 10 years. Factor analysis for mixed data followed by Ward9s cluster analysis was conducted using 25 variables from 1572 French CF adults in 2005. Rates of death by subgroups were analysed over 10 years. An algorithm was developed using CART (classification and regression tree) analysis to provide rules for the identification of subgroups of CF adults with low rates of death within 10 years. This algorithm was validated in 1376 Canadian CF adults. Seven subgroups were identified by cluster analysis in French CF adults, including two subgroups with low (∼5%) rates of death at 10 years: one subgroup (22% of patients) was composed of patients with nonclassic CF, the other subgroup (17% of patients) was composed of patients with classic CF but low rates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infection and diabetes. An algorithm based on CART analysis of data in 2005 allowed us to identify most French adults with low rates of death. When tested using data from Canadian CF adults in 2005, the algorithm identified 287 out of 1376 (21%) patients at low risk (10-year death: 7.7%). Large subgroups of CF adults share low risk of 10-year mortality.
Analyzing Effectiveness of Long-term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Brett D. Thombs
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postmarketing surveillance Is not used to promote products
Authors: M Vandenburg, W H Inman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Howat et al of immunopathological changes in infants who die of the syndrome.'While such findings undoubtedly merit public attention, we believe that the simple message that babies should sleep supine, rather than prone or on their side, has not received the publicity that might be expected given the dramatic decrease in the incidence of the syndrome that may result.2We were alarmed to find that many of our non- medical counterparts put their babies to sleep on their side or front.We have since found that there is much misleading popular literature advising parents to put their baby in positions that may increase the risk of the sudden infant death syndrome.A brief perusal of seven of the larger "mother and baby" books widely available showed that six failed to recommend the back as the safest sleeping position.Five recommended the side or back, and one recommended the prone position.Only one specifically suggested that babies should sleep supine to reduce the risk of cot death.3The myth that babies who sleep supine may aspirate seems to be perpetuated; this ignores the dramatic reduction in the incidence of the sudden infant death syndrome that was observed after a campaign to educate parents resulted in more mothers putting their babies in the supine position.2Even in the region where Howat et al work the guidelines currently issued to all new mothers recommend that babies should sleep on their side and make no mention of cot death.4
Unusual sequelae after percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty: A Doppler echocardiographic study
Authors: John P. O'Shea, Vivian M. Abascal, Gerard T. Wilkins, Jane E. Marshall, Sergio Brandi, Harry Acquatella, Peter C. Block, Igor F. Palacios, Arthur E. Weyman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Rising age of starting family in Netherlands reflects fall in younger not rise in older mothers
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The late average age at which Dutch women start families not only poses no medical risk to mothers and children but also offers social benefits, epidemiologists said this week in the Dutch Journal of Medicine ( Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 2008;152:1507-12).

In choosing to have their first child at about 29, Dutch women are practising “prudent family planning,” they argue. 

The doctor and epidemiologist Luc Bonneux of the Dutch Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute writes that it is wrong to deduce that the rise in the average age at which women have their first child in the Netherlands results from a substantial increase in …
A Case of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis with Sclerodactylia and Calcinosis
Authors: P. Ellman, F. P. Weber
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1948)

Rheumatic Unit, St. Stephen's Hospital on March 15, 1948, under the care of Dr. Philip Ellman, complaining of inability to stoop, to straighten the elbows, and to walk up high steps, and also of pain on moving the elbows, fingers, knees, and hips, all for the previous seventeen years.
Causes for Enucleation of the Eye in Infants and Children
Authors: Leonard Apt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The frequency of the causes for enucleation in 402 infants and children was trauma (55%), retinoblastoma (21%), inflammation and infection (12%), and congenital or developmental diseases (10%). Trauma was the most frequent cause for enucleation except in the first 3 years of life, when retinoblastoma was the most common. Uveitis was the type of inflammation most often encountered. Congenital glaucoma and cataract were the most frequent developmental anomalies. An evaluation of the causes for enucleation in pediatric patients provides a means of anticipating or expediting their treatment to avoid or reduce the severity of the consequences.
The course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis: Part I Short-term prognosis
Authors: F. C. Edwards, S. C. Truelove
Journal: Gut (1963)

The authors have produced a unique study of 624 patients with ulcerative colitis for they have achieved a 100% follow-up of all these patients admitted to the Radcliffe Infirmary or to the Churchill Hospital, Oxford, from 1938 to March 1962 inclusive or who attended as out-patients during the same period. They are therefore able to present a most important analysis of the natural history of ulcerative colitis as it occurs in the general population. Part I concerns the short-term prognosis in the initial attack, Part II the long-term prognosis; Part III discusses the complications of the disease, and Part IV the risk of carcinoma.
P71In vitro and in vivo direct monitoring of miRNA-22 expression in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy by bioluminescence imaging
Authors: Y Tu, L Wan, L Bu, B Shen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Growing evidence suggests that miRNAs play key roles in cardiac hypertrophy. To measure the expression of endogenous miRNAs is very conducive to understanding the importance of miRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy. However, current methods to monitor endogenous miRNAs level, such as northern blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and microarrays can not provide real-time information of miRNAs biogenesis in vivo. Methods: We constructed a miRNA reporter imaging system to monitor miR-22 expression in isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy repetitively and non-invasively. There were three copies of the antisence of miR-22 (3×PT_miR-22) cloned into 3′ UTR region of the gaussia luciferase (Gluc) reporter genes under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter in this miRNA reporter system (CMV/Gluc/3×PT_miR-22). CMV/Fluc was used as a positive control for imaging of miR-22 expression. Meanwhile, quantifications of miR-22 in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and in mouse cardiac hypertrophy induced by isoproterenol stimulation were measured by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, we used this miRNA reporter imaging system to appraise the antihypertrophic effect of antagomir-22 in vitro and in vivo. Results: The bioluminescence signals of the CMV/Gluc/3×PT_miR-22 were gradually decreased with prolongation of isoproterenol intervention in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of miR-22 was observed in cardiac hypertrophy and markedly, administration of antagomir-22 could reverse the up-regulation of miR-22 and its prohypertrophic effects. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-22 by antagomir-22 could markedly reverse the repressed gaussia luciferase (Gluc) activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the firefly luciferase (Fluc) activity of CMV/Fluc was not affected with isoproterenol treatment. Conclusion: This study elucidate the feasibility of using our constructed miRNA reporter imaging system to monitor the location and magnitude of expression level of miR-22 in cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo.
Improvement of Symptoms in Children 6 to 12 Years With Allergic Rhinitis Seen With Desloratadine Therapy With or Without Concomitant Corticosteroids
Authors: P. Tassinari, N.R. Suárez, J. Centeno, J. Vergara Velásquez, H. Aguirre-Mariscal, S.N. Gonzàlez Dìaz, A. Fernández de Córdova Jerves
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction as a Cause of Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Robert O. Bonow, James E. Udelson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

▪Objective: To define the mechanisms underlying left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with congestive heart failure and normal systolic function and to identify the patients at risk for this syndrome. ▪Study Selection: Studies were selected that describe the clinical observations of congestive heart failure with normal systolic function and that provide experimental and clinical insights into the mechanisms responsible for ventricular diastolic dysfunction. ▪Data Synthesis: Recent studies indicate that a large number of patients (up to 40% in some series) presenting with congestive heart failure have preserved left ventricular systolic function. The factors contributing to altered left ventricular diastolic function include fibrosis, hypertrophy, ischemia, and increased afterload. The latter three factors, alone or in combination, predispose to impaired left ventricular relaxation, an active energy-requiring process. Thus, decreased left ventricular diastolic distensibility (increased diastolic pressure at any level of diastolic volume) may arise not only from altered passive elastic properties stemming from fibrosis or increased muscle mass but also from derangements in the dynamics of ventricular relaxation. ▪Results: In patients with essential hypertension, all four of the above mechanisms may be operative. Considering the prevalence of hypertension in the general population, hypertension appears to be an important underlying factor in many patients with heart failure on the basis of diastolic mechanisms. In the patient presenting with dyspnea and elevated filling pressures, but with a nondilated, normally contracting ventricle, treatment with standard heart failure medications (such as digitalis, diuretics, and vasodilators) is often ineffective and may be deleterious. Such patients may respond more favorably to beta-blockers and calcium-channel blockers. ▪Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction should be considered in the patient presenting with heart failure symptoms but with normal systolic function, particularly in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.