tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
False-positive Result Using Tc-99m Pertechnetate Angiography to Determine Cause of Hyperthyroidism
Authors: CHARLES J. MARTINEZ, NANDA KHEDKAR, PHILLIP WERNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Because of therapeutic implications, it is necessary to differentiate between hyperthyroidism caused by a toxic nodule with a suppressed contralateral lobe and Graves' disease with hemiagenesis. The amount of I-131 radioiodine used in treating the toxic nodule can be substantially larger than that used for Graves' disease. To help make this differentiation, the authors applied a recently described method of radionuclide angiography of the thyroid to a patient with hyperthyroidism. A false-positive result caused them to treat the toxic nodule as they would Graves' disease. This case illustrates the possibility of a misleading result when applying this method.
Targeting Hispanic populations: future research and prevention strategies.
Authors: A G Ramirez, A McAlister, K J Gallion, R Villarreal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Minority populations face a wide variety of economic, institutional, and cultural barriers to health care. These barriers and low levels of education and income pose significant challenges for health professionals in developing cancer research and prevention-control strategies. It is suggested that specific segments of Hispanic populations fit the model of an underdeveloped country in the intermediate stage of epidemiological transition. Since noncommunicable diseases have not yet fully emerged in some of these Hispanic population segments, the opportunity exists to apply primordial prevention strategies. Such campaigns would focus on dissuading members of these populations from adopting negative health behaviors while promoting positive lifestyle choices. Optimal programs would increase cancer screening participation and discourage risk behaviors through community-oriented, population-based interventions. Future directions in prevention and control efforts for minority populations should include expanded health insurance coverage, improved access to health care, greater emphasis on minority recruitment in health care fields, focused epidemiologic and clinical research, and identification and replication of effective components within existing prevention-control programs.
Abstract 2363: Large scale gene expression analysis identifies key oncogenic pathways across hematological malignancies
Authors: Thomas Liuksiala, Kaisa Teittinen, Kirsi Granberg, Merja Heinäniemi, Matti Annala, Antti Ylipää, Markku Mäki, Matti Nykter, Olli Lohi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hematological malignancies, consisting of all the subtypes of leukemia and lymphoma together with multiple myeloma, constitute a diverse assembly of cancers manifesting primarily in the circulatory or immune systems. Common to all of them is their developmental origin in the hematopoietic cell lineage, which normally produces mature blood cells. For this reason, numerous transcriptomic aberrations, along with their underlying mutations, are shared by different subtypes of hematological malignancies. To enable concurrent gene expression analysis across a comprehensive range of leukemias, lymphomas and multiple myeloma, we compiled a hematological dataset from gene expression microarray data publicly available in the Gene Expression Omnibus data repository. This manually curated collection includes over six thousand neoplastic and nearly nine hundred healthy samples of multiple lineages descending from the hematopoietic stem cell. The cancer samples were manually re-annotated in a congruent manner into categories with three hierarchical levels so as to allow analysis at various levels of specificity. For instance, an early B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) sample is classified first as leukemia, secondly as ALL, and in the third, most specific level, as early B-ALL. The power of the dataset lays not only in its extensiveness in terms of subtypes of hematological malignancies, but also in the sheer number of samples within these categories. This enables the discovery of expression signatures with high statistical significance, as well as identification of key oncogenic pathways and regulatory networks within different subtypes. To demonstrate these analyses, we used our database to search for any specific expression patterns of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) in acute leukemias. Among thousands of leukemia patients, we identified a specific signature of SNORD114 in acute promyelocytic leukemia, previously revealed in a very restricted cohort of patients. Citation Format: Thomas Liuksiala, Kaisa Teittinen, Kirsi Granberg, Merja Heinäniemi, Matti Annala, Antti Ylipää, Markku Mäki, Matti Nykter, Olli Lohi. Large scale gene expression analysis identifies key oncogenic pathways across hematological malignancies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2363. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2363
Percutaneous absorption of I,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-I-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine) in mycosis fungoides
Authors: HERSCHEL S. ZACKHEIM, ROBERT J. FELDMANN, CHAPMAN LINDSAY, HOWARD I. MAIBACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

The total percutaneous absorption of I,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-i-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine) in 5 patients with mycosis fungoides, based on the 5 day urinary excretion of 14C-labelled BCNU, ranged from 5 to 28%. Absorption through diseased skin was greater than through uninvolved skin.
Medication use and deaths attributed to asphyxia among psychiatric patients
Authors: T J Craig
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

In a review of the charts of inpatients who died in 1969-1977 the author found 49 whose death could be attributed to asphyxia. Compared with a matched control group, 48 of the asphyxia patients represented three distinct pathologic categories: 1) older patients with a history of serious physical illness whose deaths appeared unrelated to psychotropic medication use (40%), 2) a group whose deaths were associated with seizures (31%), raising questions about subtherapeutic anticonvulsant levels in association with the use of psychotropic drugs, and 3) a group of patients who choked to death (29%). Choking has been theoretically linked to a combination of dopamine blockade plus strong anticholinergic effects leading to impairment of swallowing. The third category appears to have been virtually eliminated by the use of a drug monitoring system and the Heimlich maneuver.
Differences between purified ectopic and normal alpha subnits of human glycoprotein hormones.
Authors: B D Weintraub, G Krauth, S W Rosen, A S Babson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

"Ectopic" proteins, not distinguished immunologically from the common alpha subunit of the human glycoprotein hormones, were purified approximately 10,000-fold from a gastric carcinoid tumor (A.L.-alpha) and from tissue culture medium of bronchogenic carcinoma cell lines (ChaGo-alpha). The purified A.L.-alpha was homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis while the purified ChaGo-alpha showed multiple components, some of which represented aggregated species. In SDS gel electrophoresis, the apparent molecular weights of A.L.-alpha (15,000) and dithioerythritol-reduced ChaGo-alpha (13,000) were significantly lower than those of the alpha subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-alpha), luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (22,000-23,000). Binding experiments with [35S]-SDS suggested that these apparent differences in molecular weight resulted, at least in part, from diminished binding of the SDS by the normal compared to the ectopic alpha subunits. In gel chromatography, the apparent molecular weights of A.L.-alpha (27,000) and ChaGo-alpha (30,000) were slightly higher than those of normal alpha subunits (23,000-24,000). Both A.L.-alpha and ChaGo-alpha were not distinguished from hCG-alpha in ion-exchange chromatography. The composition of A.L.-alpha was similar to that of hCG-alpha in 13 amino acids but showed decreased phenylalanine and increased valine; glucosamine was identified in both A.L.-alpha and hCG-alpha. Under conditions in which hCG-alpha combined with the hCG beta subunit (hCG-beta) to produce 95% of the expected gonadotropin-binding activity in a rat testis radioreceptor-assay, A.L.-alpha incubation with hCG-beta resulted in only 2% of the expected activity, and ChaGo-alpha incubation with hCG-beta produced no detectable activity. These characteristics of ectopic alpha subunits may reflect abnormalities of neoplastic protein synthesis or carbohydrate attachment which result in polypeptides with chemical and immunologic similarity to normal subunits but with differences in physical and combining properties; alternatively, the ectopic subunits may represent as yet unrecognized alpha precursor forms.
Sterilisation of women: prevalence and outcome.
Authors: A F Wright
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The author a general practitioner randomly surveyed 210 women of reproductive age from his practice.  Of these 28% reported menstrual problems 26% noted family problems and 16% admitted sexual problems.  Sexual problems were most commonly reported by those in the oldest and youngest age groups (women born in 1925-30 and 1950-55).  19% of all married patients had been sterilized.  80% of these women were satisfied with their sterilization 9% voiced regrets and the remaining 11% had mixed feelings about their choice.  Of interest was the finding that 45% of sterilized women reported current menstrual problems compared with only 19% of nonsterilized patients.  It is stressed that community-based research projects such as this one are an important source of epidemiologic information and can provide more representative data than hospital-based trials in many cases.  More general practitioners are urged to integrate research into their practice and test speculations they develop in the course of clinical observation.
Decline in C-Reactive Protein After Successful Ablation of Long-Lasting Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Martin Rotter, Pierre Jaïs, Marie-Christine Vergnes, Paquita Nurden, Yoshihide Takahashi, Prashanthan Sanders, Thomas Rostock, Mélèze Hocini, Fréderic Sacher, Michel Haïssaguerre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Something Really New This Television Season: Coordinated Campaign Against Drunk Driving
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1988)

STARTING in a few weeks, the three major television networks and 13 studios in the Los Angeles area that are responsible for more than 70% of prime-time programming will participate in a coordinated attack against drinking and driving. The campaign will encourage the use of designated drivers. These are persons who agree beforehand, when a group is to be in a situation where potentially intoxicating beverages will be served, to refrain from drinking and to take responsibility for transporting the others to their homes. Announcement of the initiative comes from Jay A. Winsten, PhD, assistant dean, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, and director of the university's Center for Health Communication, which initiated this "Harvard Alcohol Project." Starting around Thanks-giving, the networks will include mention of designated drivers in dialogue of popular entertainment show characters supposedly talking at parties or in bars and—probably beginning in December—they also will schedule public-service
Nodules on the Legs in a Renal Transplant Recipient—Quiz Case
Authors: Selma Azib, Saskia Ingen-Housz-Oro, Francoise Foulet, Nicolas Ortonne, Dominique Penso-Assathiany, Philippe Lang, Pierre Wolkenstein, Olivier Chosidow
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
The Future of HIV Prevention in the United States
Authors: Jonathan Mermin, Kevin A. Fenton
Journal: JAMA (2012)

IN THE UNITED STATES, 1.1 MILLION PEOPLE LIVE WITH human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a 60% increase from 15 years ago. The increasing number of people who can potentially transmit HIV makes prevention more difficult. Yet federal domestic HIV prevention funding, after adjustment for inflation, has not increased since 1991, necessitating a different approach to HIV prevention. The CDC’s new strategy, “High Impact Prevention,” involves prioritizing and implementing the optimal combination of cost-effective, scalable interventions based on current science. This strategy focuses on the goal of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS) of reducing the current annual HIV incidence of about 50 000 infections by 25% in 5 years. If the NHAS goals are realized, it is possible that an estimated 163 000 infections could be prevented along with a corresponding potential projected savings of $48 billion in health expenditures by 2020.
Treatment of Phencyclidine Intoxication
Authors: Edward F. Domino
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter by Maurice S. Albin, MD (240:529,1978), deserves further comment in view of the widespread abuse of phencyclidine hydrochloride. Severe intoxication from phencyclidine and its congeners induces coma and respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal complications.<sup>1</sup>The latter are secondary to rhabdomyolysis<sup>2</sup>resulting from an interaction of phencyclidine, skeletal exertion, and limb restraints, which should not be used. We have been unable to show any global improvement using tetrahydroaminoacridine or another cholinesterase inhibitor, physostigmine, in dogs severely poisoned with phencyclidine (unpublished data, 1979). In patients poisoned with phencyclidine, I recommend the use of urine acidification and symptomatic therapy maintaining vital functions in cases of severe overdose.<sup>3</sup>Because phencyclidine has a pK<sub>a</sub>of 8.5 to 9.5, 3 pH units lower (5 to 6) will allow most of the phencyclidine in the urine to remain ionized and hence not be reabsorbed by the renal tubules. Although
A Single Residue Exchange Within a Viral CTL Epitope Alters Proteasome-Mediated Degradation Resulting in Lack of Antigen Presentation
Authors: Ferry Ossendorp, Maren Eggers, Anne Neisig, Thomas Ruppert, Marcus Groettrup, Alice Sijts, Erica Mengedé, Peter-M Kloetzel, Jacques Neefjes, Ulrich Koszinowski, Cornelis Melief
Journal: Immunity (1996)
Rapid Resolution of Perfusion/Ventilatory Abnormalities in Pulmonary Air Embolism
Authors: AMOLAK SINGH, RICHARD A. HOLMES, DAVID M. WITTEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A case of pulmonary air embolism is presented demonstrating a nearly total lung perfusion defect and a matching ventilation deficit. Despite advanced age, mild chronic obstructive airway disease, and congestive heart failure, the perfusion/ventilatory (V/Q) abnormalities produced by the air emboli resolved to near completion within three days. Rapid resolution of V/Q abnormalities due to air embolism is distinct when compared to the abnormalities seen with thromboembolism and the mechanism the matching V/Q defects is discussed.
Pacemaker in a Centenarian
Authors: John R. F. Penido
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In December of 1967, we implanted a cardiac pacemaker with pervenous leads in an alert 101-year-old white man. The patient went home in less than one week and told his daughter, aged 77 years, that he was seriously considering getting married again. The patient was seen again several times, the last time being in November of 1969 when he was readmitted because of pacemaker failure. The patient was then 103 years old. He refused pacemaker replacement and died in April of 1970.
Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and Clostridium difficile Infection in a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abhishek Deshpande, Chaitanya Pant, Vinay Pasupuleti, David D.K. Rolston, Anil Jain, Narayan Deshpande, Priyaleela Thota, Thomas J. Sferra, Adrian V. Hernandez
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2011)
Coclustering CD45 with CD4 or CD8 alters the phosphorylation and kinase activity of p56lck.
Authors: H L Ostergaard, I S Trowbridge
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Antibody-mediated CD4 crosslinking results in increased tyrosine phosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity of the associated p56lck. Treatment with anti-CD4 and anti-Ig also induced the phosphorylation of p56lck in a CD45- mutant cell line, indicating that the increase in phosphotyrosine content of p56lck is not the result of being sequestered from CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase). Antibody-mediated coclustering of CD45 with CD4 inhibited the anti-CD4-induced phosphorylation of p56lck on tyrosine and the concomitant increase in in vitro kinase activity. Similar results were obtained when CD45 was coclustered with CD8 on cytotoxic T cell lines. These observations provide strong evidence that p56lck is a substrate for CD45 in vivo and provide an assay to study the regulation and specificity of CD45 PTPase activity.
p53 Activation in Chronic Radiation-Treated Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Liqun Xia, Aimee Paik, Jian Jian Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Mammalian cells chronically exposed to ionizing radiation (IR) induce stress response with a tolerance to the subsequent cytotoxicity of IR. Although p53 is well documented in IR response, the signaling network causing p53 activation in chronic IR remains to be identified. Using breast carcinoma MCF+FIR cells that showed a transient radioresistance after exposure chronically to fractionated IR (FIR), the present study shows that the basal DNA binding and transcriptional activity of p53 was elevated by FIR. p53-controlled luciferase activity was strikingly induced ( approximately 7.9-fold) with little enhancement of p53/DNA binding activity ( approximately 1.3-fold). The phosphorylated p53 (Thr 55) was increased in the cytoplasm and nucleus of MCF+FIR but not in the sham-FIR control cells. On the contrary, the sham-FIR control MCF-7 cells showed a low p53 luciferase transcription ( approximately 3-fold) but a striking enhancement of p53/DNA binding (12-fold) after 5 Gy of IR. To determine the signaling elements regulating p53 activity, DNA microarray of MCF+FIR using sham-FIR MCF-7 cells as a reference demonstrated that the mRNA of p21, MDM2, and p14ARF was up-regulated. Time course Western blot analysis, however, showed no difference in p21 induction. In contrast, MDM2 that was absent in control cells and was predominantly induced by IR was not induced in MCF+FIR cells. In agreement with MDM2 inhibition, MDM2-inhibitory protein p14ARF was increased in MCF+FIR cells. In summary, these results demonstrate that up-regulation of p14ARF paralleled with MDM2 inhibition contributes to p53 accumulation in the nucleus and causes a high responsiveness of p53 in chronic IR-treated breast cancer cells.
Abstract A60: Analysis of gene copy number changes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Nejat Dalay, Mustafa Isin, Guven Cetin, Melih Aktan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent type of leukemia in the elderly and is accompanied by the accumulation of malignant monoclonal B-cells in the bone marrow, peripheral blood or lymph nodes which harbor various genetic aberrations. Genomic instability is an important characteristic of leukemia cells and plays a role both in its development as well as in the response to therapy. Somatic copy number changes in distinct genes are associated with the development of specific leukemias. Copy number variations are important diagnostic tools and help in classifying the disease and guiding the therapy. Current strategies for the detection of chromosomal aberrations in CLL are laborious and time consuming. Using multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) copy number changes at multiple loci can be detected simultaneously in a single simple PCR reaction. In this study, we investigated the copy number alterations in several key genes in CLL by MLPA. DNA was isolated from the venous blood samples from 92 patients with CLL and 10 healthy controls. Copy number changes of 20 genes were analyzed at 29 different sites by MLPA. DNA samples were hybridized with the sequence specific probes for each gene and the hybridized probe pairs were ligated. PCR reaction was performed to amplify the ligated probes. PCR products were separated by capillary electrophoresis using the ABI Prism 310 genetic analyzer. The peaks were evaluated for the genomic gains and losses after normalization of each peak. Reference genes were used for normalization of each gene signal. The data from the patients were compared with control samples from healthy individuals. Various genetic aberrations were detected in the patients with CLL. The most frequently observed genetic aberrations were losses in the chromosomal regions 13q14.3 and 13q14.2 and involved the DLEU7 (49 %), DLEU2 (41 %), KCNRG (35.9 %) and RB1 (14 %) genes. Copy number losses in the MYCN, ESR1, EIF3S3, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, ATM, CHFR and TP53 genes were lower with a frequency ranging between 1-10 %. The most frequently amplified gene was the MYC gene (30.4 %), followed by the LRMP (17.4 %), ESR1 (15 %) and CHFR (14 %) genes. Gains in the MYCN, IGF2R, PARK2, CCND2, CDK4, IFNG and LDLR genes were observed with a lower frequency. Our data indicate that copy number changes in several important genes are frequent in the pathogenesis of CLL. Simultaneous analysis and characterization of these genetic alterations can be performed using MLPA and the test can provide valuable clinical information when employed as a first-line screening approach for CLL patients. Citation Format: Nejat Dalay, Mustafa Isin, Guven Cetin, Melih Aktan. Analysis of gene copy number changes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A60.