tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus: A Not So Innocent Bystander
Authors: Kenneth H. Rand
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has long been known to follow renal and cardiac transplantation, with infection rates ranging from 38% to 96%.<sup>1-3</sup>While most patients excrete the virus in the urine or in the throat without symptoms, others suffer a relatively severe febrile illness in the first two to three months after transplantation. Additional patients who ostensibly died of bacterial, fungal, or pneumocystis pneumonia were also found to have CMV in lung tissue at postmortem examination. Thus, it was believed that CMV was a near universal accompaniment of transplantation that was generally benign but that occasionally produced a dramatic and occasionally fatal syndrome of pneumonitis, hepatitis, and leukopenia with or without atypical lymphocytosis. Now, Chatterjee et al (p 2446) present data suggesting that in renal transplant patients, it is not infection with CMV per se that is important but whether this infection is primary or a reactivation of a latent
Respiratory function measurements in a cohort of medical students
Authors: P. J. Lawther, A. G. F. Brooks, R. E. Waller
Journal: Thorax (1970)

The feasibility of studying respiratory symptoms and lung function on a cohort basis from adolescence onwards has been examined by a study of a group of 102 medical students on entry to their course. In the present paper the results from the initial examination and from a second, four years later, are reported. Up to that time smoking habits were light, and there was very little change in any of the measurements of lung function. Transfer factor declined a little, and this was the one quantity that showed some relationship with smoking within the present group. The results provide a valuable baseline for subsequent measurements on the same group. If subjects can be persuaded to come for measurements, it would appear to be practicable to conduct larger studies on similar lines.
Are schizophrenics more religious? Do they have more daughters?
Authors: Satoshi Kanazawa
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Combined with recent evolutionary psychological theories, Crespi &amp; Badcock's (C&amp;B's) intragenomic conflict theory of the social brain suggests that schizophrenics are more religious, and autistics are less religious, than the normal population. Combined with the generalized Trivers-Willard hypothesis (gTWH), it suggests that schizophrenics have more daughters, and autistics have more sons, than expected.
Changes in Cardiac Responses of Sportsmen from hours of prolonged severe exercise
Authors: J. D. Brooke, M. Firth
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1972)

Resting heart rates were obtained hours before and after severe physical exercise performed by racing cyclists on the Tour of the North (Ireland) 1971. With long duration of performance there was elevation of heart rates for up to seven hours post activity, when compared with morning values or with similarly timed post activity measures following short duration performance. Attention is directed to the possible implication of body heat retention or disturbed body water-electrolytes homeostasis. Also noted is the affect of the phenomenon upon the use of resting heart rates for fitness assessment.
Clinical trials update from the American College of Cardiology 2008: Carisma, Trends, meta‐analysis of Cox‐2 studies, Hat, on‐Target, Hyvet, Accomplish, Momentum, Protect, Horizon‐hf and Reverse
Authors: John G.F. Cleland, Alison P. Coletta, Ashraf Yassin, Hussien Hado, Damien Cullington, Ahmed Tageldien Abdellah, Andrew L. Clark
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
Robert (“Roy”) Sutherland Chapman
Authors: Janet Chapman
Journal: BMJ (2004)

​ConsultantConsultant dermatologist Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow, 1971-2003 (b Cults, Aberdeenshire, 1938; q Aberdeen 1962; FRCP Ed, FRCP, FRCP Glas), died from complications of motor neurone disease on 5 December 2003.




Figure 1




Roy was senior registrar in dermatology at the Middlesex Hospital and clinical assistant at St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, both in London, before moving back to Scotland in 1971 as a consultant dermatologist at Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow. He enjoyed teaching medical students and junior doctors, and was involved in the restructuring of dermatological services in Glasgow. His interests included gardening, hill walking, Scottish history, fine wines, and travelling. Predeceased by his first wife, Rosalind, he leaves his second wife and three children.
A simple method to detect expiratory flow limitation during spontaneous breathing
Authors: NG Koulouris, P Valta, A Lavoie, C Corbeil, M Chasse, J Braidy, J Milic-Emili
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often exhale along the same flow-volume curve during quiet breathing as during a forced expiratory vital capacity manoeuvre, and this has been taken as indicating flow limitation at rest. To obtain such curves, a body plethysmograph and the patient's co-operation are required. We propose a simple technique which does not entail these requirements. It consists in applying negative pressure at the mouth during a tidal expiration (NEP). Patients in whom NEP elicits an increase in flow throughout the expiration are not flow-limited. In contrast, patients in whom application of NEP does not elicit an increase in flow during most or part of the tidal expiration are considered as flow-limited. Using this technique, 26 stable COPD patients were studied sitting and supine. Eleven patients were flow-limited both seated and supine, eight were flow-limited only when supine, and seven were not flow-limited either seated or supine. Only 5 of 19 patients who were flow-limited seated and/or supine had severe ventilatory impairment (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) &lt; 40% predicted). We conclude that the NEP technique provides a simple, rapid, and reliable method for detection of expiratory flow limitation in spontaneously breathing subjects, which does not require the patient's co-operation, and can be applied in different body positions both at rest and during muscular exercise. Our results also indicate a high prevalence of flow limitation in COPD patients at rest, particularly when supine.
Mucorales-specific T cells emerge in the course of invasive mucormycosis and may be used as a surrogate diagnostic marker in high-risk patients
Authors: Leonardo Potenza, Daniela Vallerini, Patrizia Barozzi, Giovanni Riva, Fabio Forghieri, Eleonora Zanetti, Chiara Quadrelli, Anna Candoni, Johan Maertens, Giulio Rossi, Monica Morselli, Mauro Codeluppi, Ambra Paolini, Monica Maccaferri, Cinzia Del Giovane, Roberto D'Amico, Fabio Rumpianesi, Monica Pecorari, Francesca Cavalleri, Roberto Marasca, Franco Narni, Mario Luppi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Abstract 3473: Identification of progesterone-dependent genes regulated by ablation of mitogen-inducible gene-6 (Mig-6) in the murine uterus
Authors: Tae Hoon Kim, Jung-Yoon Yoo, Jae-Wook Jeong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mitogen-inducible gene-6 (Mig-6) is an important mediator of progesterone signaling to inhibit estrogen signaling in the uterus. Ablation of Mig-6 in the murine uterus leads to the development of endometrial hyperplasia and estrogen-induced endometrial cancer. Although Mig-6 is an important tumor suppressor in endometrial cancer, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms of Mig-6 in endometrial cancer. To identify the molecular pathways regulated by Mig-6 in a steroid-hormone dependent manner, we performed microarray analysis on the uterus of ovariectomized PRcre/+Mig-6f/f (Mig-6d/d) mice treated with progesterone for 6 hours. In the analysis of GeneChip® Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array, 2,034 genes, 1,062 genes were up-regulated and 972 genes were down-regulated, were altered by P4 treatment. To determine which pathways are regulated by P4 treatment, we performed pathway analysis using Ingenuity Systems Software. Genes that involved in Estrogen Receptor, IGF-1, PI3K/AKT, JAK/Stat, ERK/MAPK, ILK, p53, PTEN, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were found to be P4 response. In addition, genes that regulated the molecular mechanisms of cancer were disproportionated. And in microarray, 2,236 genes, 1,883 genes were up-regulated and 356 genes were down-regulated, were regulated by Mig-6 ablation on P4 treatment. Genes involved in ILK, p53, PTEN, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were found to be deregulated upon Mig-6 ablation on P4 response. Furthermore 324 genes of the 2,034 genes were regulated by P4 treatment were dys-regulated in Mig-6d/d mice treated with P4 compared to Mig-6f/f control mice. These results showed that gene expression pattern was altered by the deletion of Mig-6 and the change of these genes was dependent on P4 in uterus. Thus the further investigation should be completed to identify molecules associated with Mig-6 and the identification of relation between these responsive genes will contribute to define the molecular pathways regulated by Mig-6 in uterine biology. (This work was supported by NIH, R01 HD057873 and American Cancer Society Research Grant, RSG-12-084-01-TBG to J.W.J.) Citation Format: Tae Hoon Kim, Jung-Yoon Yoo, Jae-Wook Jeong. Identification of progesterone-dependent genes regulated by ablation of mitogen-inducible gene-6 (Mig-6) in the murine uterus. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3473. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3473
Radionuclide Imaging and Acute Abdominal Disorders
Authors: Martin L. Nusynowitz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The application of radiopharmaceutical imaging techniques in the diagnosis of disorders amenable to surgical therapy is expanding. The benignity, simplicity, and rapidity of this diagnostic modality make it an excellent screening procedure; it is very sensitive in the detection of many conditions. Thus, radioactive pertechnetate cerebral angiography (when combined with brain scanning) is a well-accepted screening procedure for the diagnosis of subdural hematoma; radioactive gallium imaging procedures are proving extremely useful in the localization of occult abscesses. In this issue ofThe Journal, two articles describe the utility of radioactive pharmaceutical imaging in the diagnosis of the acute abdominal conditions. Muroff and colleagues (p 1900) took advantage of the fact that the heterotopic gastric mucosa that is present in more than half of all symptomatic Meckel diverticula concentrates radioactive pertechnetate. Abnormal accumulation of radioactive pertechnetate in the lower part of the abdomen combined with angiographic findings led to the preoperative
Essential function of HIPK2 in TGFβ-dependent survival of midbrain dopamine neurons
Authors: Jiasheng Zhang, Vanee Pho, Stephen J Bonasera, Jed Holtzman, Amy T Tang, Joanna Hellmuth, Siuwah Tang, Patricia H Janak, Laurence H Tecott, Eric J Huang
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2006)
Primary Care Management of Heart Disease
Authors: Allen D. Soffer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 June 2000Primary Care Management of Heart DiseaseAllen D. Soffer, MDAllen D. Soffer, MDThe Heart Health Center, St. Louis, Missouri. (Soffer)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Taylor GJ, ed. 658 pages. St. Louis: Mosby; 2000. $69.00. ISBN 0323002560. Order phone 800-545-2522.Field of medicine: Cardiology.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Primary care practitioners seeking information on the pathophysiology, natural history, and treatment of cardiovascular disease.Purpose: To provide practical information about and supportive evidence for clinical aspects of heart disease.Content: The first section briefly addresses biology, anatomy, and pathophysiology and includes chapters on cardiac history, physical examination, and individual noninvasive and invasive cardiac tests. The bulk of the book covers individual disease entities and includes one section on noncardiac illness affecting the heart and one on ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Heart Health Center, St. Louis, Missouri. (Soffer) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 1012KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular therapyDrugsHeartHeart diseasesPrimary care physiciansSoftware tools ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
President Kennedy and Addison's Disease
Authors: John Nichols
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Following publication I have received 38 unsolicited letters from lay persons, apparently based on newspaper articles, many enclosing clippings. Twenty were anonymous and hostile! The other 18 were complimentary and signed. Reprint requests have been mostly from practitioners, not associated with institutions. Only a few have been on preprinted request cards. Of the 125 requests, nine are twopage letters from former interns and residents who had been clinically associated with the Kennedy case some time previously. Others were from eminent authorities, one of whom says he was at one time Kennedy's personal physician. All agree with the diagnosis. No adverse criticism has been received from a physician.
When Do Symptoms Become a Disease?
Authors: Robert A. Aronowitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

When do symptoms become a disease? Are there rules or norms, currently or in the past, that tell us when a particular collection of largely symptom-based criteria has enough specificity, utility, or plausibility to justify the appellation disease? The history of numerous symptom-based diagnoses in use today suggests partial answers to these questions. The 19th-century shift to understanding ill health as a result of specific diseases, increasingly defined more by signs than symptoms, led to a loss of status for illnesses that possessed little clinical or laboratory specificity. Nevertheless, clinicians then and now have used symptom-based diagnoses. Some of these diagnoses owe their existence as specific diseases to the norms and practices of an older era much different from our own. Others have not only thrived but have resisted plausible redefinition done by using more "objective" criteria. Many strategies, such as response-to-treatment arguments, quantitative methods (for example, factor analysis), and consensus conferences, have been used to find or confer specificity in symptom-based diagnoses. These strategies are problematic and have generally been used after symptom-based diagnoses have been recognized and defined. These historical observations emphasize that although biological and clinical factors have set boundaries for which symptoms might plausibly be linked in a disease concept, social influences have largely determined which symptom clusters have become diseases.
A Method for Better Physician-Patient Communication
Authors: HUGH R. BUTT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Dismissal interviews were recorded between 48 patients and their physicians. Each patient took home a cassette containing this interview. About 3 months later, the patients received a questionnaire designed to assess the acceptability and usefulness of this method of communication. Most patients proved to have ready access to a cassette player. Their responses were highly favorable: 91% thought they were helped to understand the physician's discussion; 75% found it helpful to have their spouse or relatives listen to the tape; 62% preferred the recording to a letter; and 86% of the patients believed that the taped interview improved their health care. Many studies record the inadequacy of communication by physicians to their patients. This technique of recording dismissal interviews may make a contribution to improving such communication.
Detection of Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Carey T. Vinson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Swerdloff and Boyers on the evaluation of the male partner of an infertile couple (1982;247:2418) was excellent in both its scope and utility. However, they recommended sellar roentgenograms in the evaluation when testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are low. They did not specifically mention the use of computed tomography (CT) in their work-up, despite reports that verified the superiority of CT scans in detecting pituitary tumors.<sup>1-4</sup>The widespread availability and reasonable cost of CT scans would seem to make this modality a more reasonable test to order.
Prostaglandin E2 production by dispersed canine fundic mucosal cells. Contribution of macrophages and endothelial cells as major sources.
Authors: M C Chen, M J Sanders, D A Amirian, L P Thomas, G Kauffman, A H Soll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) influence resistance of the gastric mucosa to injury, but the source of PGs is unknown. Using radioimmunoassay, we studied PG production by dispersed canine fundic mucosal cells. PGE2 production, stimulated by bradykinin, epidermal growth factor, zymosan, and calcium ionophore, was greater in the small-cell elutriator fraction (SCEF) than in the medium and large cell fractions, which contained mucous, chief, and parietal cells. Linear density gradients of SCEF cells revealed maximal PGE2 production in cells of light density. Mast, endocrine, and endothelial cells did not account for this PGE2 production. Macrophages, identified by uptake of acetylated-LDL, immunoreactivity with antibodies to the human Ia antigen, and phagocytosis of fluorescent latex particles, were enriched in the SCEF and correlated with PGE2 production in the density gradient. Magnetic separation of cells in the SCEF-ingesting iron particles enriched PGE2 production. Fractions enriched in endothelial cells present in intact capillary fragments, but depleted of macrophages, also produced PGE2. Regulation of PGE2 production differed among cell types. Fibroblasts were easily cultured from submucosa, but were not detected in the SCEF. We conclude that macrophages and capillary endothelial cells are major producers of PGE2 in the canine fundic mucosa.
Randomized Study to Explore Indisetron for the Prevention of Acute-Onset Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting with IRIS/FOLFIRI
Authors: I. Iwanaga, S. Yuki, H. Fukushima, S. Sogabe, M. Kudo, K. Hatanaka, K. Kato, N. Sonoda, Y. Sakata, Y. Komatsu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Doctor who claimed sick leave while working as sports commentator is struck off
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A foundation year 1 doctor who took repeated sick leave from his first NHS job has been struck off after his employers discovered he was actually travelling abroad to commentate on international show jumping events.

Ed Holloway aroused concerns early on in his employment in the urology department of Scunthorpe General Hospital for often taking short episodes of sick leave that usually clustered around weekends. In September 2012, less than two months after taking up the …
STUDIES ON THE ENZYMES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: O. T. Avery, Glenn E. Cullen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1923)

1. Pneumococci possess an active intracellular enzyme which causes lysis of heat-killed pneumococci of the same and heterologous types and to a less degree of a closely related organism, Streptococcus viridans. 2. The optimum reaction for lysis lies between pH 6 and 8. 3. The bacteriolytic action is proportional to the concentration of the enzyme. 4. Heating the enzyme for 30 minutes at 60 degrees C. destroys its activity. 5. The possible relation of the enzyme to autolysis is discussed.
Standardization in Detection of Abnormal Hemoglobins
Authors: Robert M. Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Seven commercial hemoglobin (Hb) S solubility tests were evaluated to ascertain their specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision when used to determine the presence of S hemoglobin. Two hundred blood specimens, including 97 samples expected to give a positive test (samples containing either Hb S or Hb C<sub>Harlem</sub>), were tested. Additionally, a machine to semiautomate the reading of the solubility test was evaluated. Labeling and package insert information was found to be incomplete and often inaccurate. Accuracy of commercial solubility test kits varies greatly, and frequent incorrect diagnoses can be expected.
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
Authors: V. P. SYDENSTRICKER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Sickle cell anemia was first described, fourteen years ago, by Herrick.<sup>1</sup>Subsequent observers, up to a year ago, had reported only three additional cases.<sup>2</sup>Last year, I reported observations on eleven instances occurring in two families;<sup>3</sup>a simultaneous report by Huck<sup>4</sup>recorded seventeen cases found in three families. Our series at the present time comprises eighty cases. All of the reported instances have occurred in negroes. Sickle cell anemia is a familial and hereditary disease showing no sex preference and probably confined to the negro race. Our series includes ten family groups; in fact, in every case in which it has been possible to examine the relatives of patients with this condition, a familial incidence has been found. The disease is present and recognizable at birth; on two occasions, blood from the cord and from the proper circulation of infants of "sickle cell" mothers has been
Peritoneoscopic Aspect of Whipple's Disease
Authors: R. Ottenjann, W. Roesch
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

The peritoneoscopic aspect of Whipple's disease is described. The markedly dilated lymphatic vessels have a characteristic appearance which may lead to the diagnosis of intestinal lymphangiectasis. Final diagnosis has to be established by small bowel or lymph node biopsy.
Statistical and Pathological Observations on Some Altered Conditions of the Liver
Authors: J. Black
Journal: BMJ (1846)

This altered condition of the organ, lhas, of late years, attracted a good deal of attention, especially since Louis had drawn the attention of patbologists to the frequency with which the liver is affected with this change, in cases of phthisis.He detected, by the look and feel nlone of the liver, this fatty alteration in forty cases out of one hundred and twenty of phthisis, and its great frequency has been confirmed by many other observers.The desire to ascertain how far the observations of Louis and others would agree vith a series o( inspec-
Australia acts to restrict IVF treatment to heterosexual couples
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The Australian federal government has taken action to prevent single and lesbian women from accessing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment in the latest step of an ongoing legal battle. Prime Minister John Howard has denied MPs a conscience vote on the controversial measure—a measure that the Australian Medical Association denounced as discriminatory. The cabinet is also planning to change …