tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acetazolamide in Treatment of Sickle-Cell Anaemia
Authors: L. G. MacDougall, G. Jacob
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Sickle-cell anaemia, together with other' genetically determined haemoglobinopathies, is becoming an increasingly important cause of childhood mortality in the tropics as deaths from other tropical diseases steadily decrease in number.So far no treatment has been of any avail, and the only supportive measure of any real value during a crisis has been blood transfusion.Recently, however, it has been suggested that acetazolamide (" diamox") might be a valuable therapeutic agent, since it acts as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and was shown in one case to diminish intravascular sickling (Hilkovitz, 1957).We would therefore like to record our experiences of the use of.this drug in three children, with' sickle-cell anaemia admitted to King George VI Hospital, Nairobi.Case Reports Case 1.-A child age 3 months was admitted with a chest infection and diarrhoea.The haemoglobin was 6.1 g./
Topical and intravitreous administration of cationic nanoemulsions to deliver antisense oligonucleotides directed towards VEGF KDR receptors to the eye
Authors: Tal Hagigit, Muhammad Abdulrazik, Faik Orucov, Faty Valamanesh, Martin Lambert, Gregory Lambert, Francine Behar-Cohen, Simon Benita
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
The Paneth cell in disease
Authors: K. Lewin
Journal: Gut (1969)

A systematic study of the distribution of Paneth cells in disease of the small and large intestine is described. In disease of the small intestine and appendix there is usually a fall in the number of Paneth cells normally present. Occasionally, as in Crohn9s disease, there may be proliferation. In disease of the colon the number of Paneth cells is unaltered in functional and developmental disorders and increased in the inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. It is suggested that the Paneth cell proliferation originates from stem cells in the colon. The significance of an increase in Paneth cells is discussed and it is suggested that in ulcerative colitis it may produce a self-perpetuating and destructive state.
Inhibition of a Plasmodium vinckei cysteine proteinase cures murine malaria.
Authors: P J Rosenthal, G K Lee, R E Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Intraerythrocytic malaria parasites degrade hemoglobin as a principal source of amino acids for parasite protein synthesis. We have previously identified a Plasmodium falciparum trophozoite cysteine proteinase as a putative hemoglobinase and shown that specific inhibitors of this proteinase block the hydrolysis of globin and the development of cultured parasites. We now show that the murine malaria parasite Plasmodium vinckei has an analogous cysteine proteinase with similar biochemical properties to the P. falciparum proteinase, including an acid pH optimum, a preference for the peptide proteolytic substrate benzyloxycarbonyl (Z)-Phe-Arg-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin, and nonomolar inhibition by seven peptide fluoromethyl ketone proteinase inhibitors. Thus, P. vinckei offers a model system for the in vivo testing of the antimalarial properties of cysteine proteinase inhibitors. One of the proteinase inhibitors studied, morpholine urea (Mu)-Phe-Homophenylalanine (HPhe)-CH2F strongly inhibited the P. vinckei cysteine proteinase in vitro and rapidly blocked parasite cysteine proteinase activity in vivo. When administered four times a day for 4 d to P. vinckei-infected mice, Mu-Phe-HPhe-CH2F elicited long-term cures in 80% of the treated animals. These results show that peptide proteinase inhibitors can be effective antimalarial compounds in vivo and suggest that the P. falciparum cysteine proteinase is a promising target for chemotherapy.
Topical Intranasal Hexabrix Is Effective In Reducing the Acute Response to Nasal Challenge with Allergen (NAC)
Authors: F.M. Baroody, S. Vishwanath, M. Chaaban, M. deTineo, K.H. Lasser, E. Lasser, R.M. Naclerio
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
YMDD motif mutant occurs as a spontaneous viral genome variability in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Mong Cho, Jeong Heo, Young Min Shin, Gwang Ha Kim, Hyung Jun Chu, Dae Hwan Kang, Geun Am Song, Ung Suk Yang, Cheol Min Kim, Hyun Jung Jang, Hee Kyung Park
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Hepatic Necrosis After Enflurane Anesthesia
Authors: Thomas S. Morley
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It would, indeed, be singular if hepatic necrosis did not follow enflurane anesthesia on rare occasions, as it has occurred after all other anesthetics known to man that have achieved widespread use. This report was, therefore, not surprising but disturbing when one realized that a causal rather than a temporal relationship was being implied. It is notoriously misleading to arrive at such conclusions from an isolated case. Nevertheless, this case does, perhaps, illustrate two salient facts that ought to be better known by anesthetists and surgeons nationwide. First, Mushin et al,<sup>1</sup>despite questionable conclusions, did demonstrate an incidence of postoperative hepatic necrosis nine times greater than the expected figure in patients who had been given two anesthetics in a four-week period. The London Hospital Study has confirmed this and, second, has stressed that this consequence occurs<i>regardless of the anesthetic used</i>.<sup>2</sup>Although the choice of
Dysbarism Among Hyperbaric Personnel
Authors: Banks Anderson, Robert E. Whalen, Herbert A. Saltzman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Caisson disease or decompression sickness has long been recognized as a hazard of rapid reductions in environmental pressure whether these reductions occur on return to normal atmospheric pressure from high pressure environments or as a result of reductions in pressure by real or simulated ascents to high altitudes. With the increasing use and availability of medical hyperbaric chambers, the effects of increased atmospheric pressure and subsequent decompression on medical personnel have become more important. The risk of hyperbaria may be greater for medical personnel since this group differs in many respects from the highly selected groups employed in diving, caisson work, and high altitude flying. There have been no previous reports of the incidence and severity of symptoms of dysbarism and decompression sickness occurring during the operation of medical high-pressure chambers. Scattered brief comments have indicated that decompression sickness does occur among chamber personnel.<sup>1,2</sup>The characteristics of decompression sickness
Cell and Tissue Biology: A Textbook of Histology
Authors: W. Gray Jerome
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This is the sixth edition of an established textbook. When first issued in 1954, edited by Greep, it was titled<i>Histology</i>. The new title, which has evolved over the last few editions, reflects a change in the discipline of histology to encompass more of the fields of cell biology and biochemistry. Although the change in emphasis is apparent in each of the chapters, it is most noticeable in the first three. These early chapters present a detailed review of the cell and the techniques by which it can be studied. This section is both excellent and comprehensive. This is quite an accomplishment, considering that most introductory cell biology texts now run in excess of 1000 pages. The chapter "Histochemistry and Cytochemistry" is especially well written. The book has 37 chapters written by 29 different groups of authors, all recognized authorities on their topics. Although individual styles are evident, the book
Portal-hypertensive gastropathy develops less in patients with cirrhosis and fundal varices
Authors: Tadashi Iwao, Atsushi Toyonaga, Kazuhiko Oho, Teruhiro Sakai, Chizuru Tayama, Hideo Masumoto, Masahiro Sato, Keita Nakahara, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Anthrax of the Cecum
Authors: Antoine Ghossain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 25-year-old man was admitted for pain and distention of the abdomen. He had a three-day history of dizziness, fatigue, myalgia, and mild fever. On physical examination, he was in shock, with ascites and oculofacial congestion. Bowel sounds were absent. A doughy mass in the right inferior fossa was palpable and slightly tender. The peripheral white-cell count was 16,000 cells per cubic millimeter (78 percent neutrophils), and the hematocrit was 40 percent. A radiograph obtained after the administration of a barium enema showed large edematous cecal folds (arrows, Panel A). The patient, a shepherd, was living in a remote, rural . . .
Erosive Arthropathy in Systemic Scleroderma
Authors: Wayne Wild
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ALTHOUGH the classic bony changes seen in systemic scleroderma may be accompanied by changes in the joints, only rarely is destruction of subchondral bone found in joint spaces.<sup>1-3</sup>However, roentgenograms of the hand of a 64-year-old woman with systemic scleroderma who was seen recently at the Lahey Clinic showed a classic pencil-in-cup (mortar and pestle) deformity in the distal interphalangeal joints of the fifth digits of both hands. To the best of our knowledge, this abnormality has not been reported previously in systemic scleroderma, although it is common in psoriatic arthritis and described less frequently in rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> This patient had Raynaud phenomenon and stiffness of both hands of three years' duration. She denied dysphagia and diarrhea, but had one-flight dyspnea on exertion. She also had diabetes mellitus of eight years' duration. The patient did not have a history of psoriasis, nor did her relatives. Physical
NATIONAL TRENDS AND COMPARATIVE OUTCOMES OF CATHETER-DIRECTED THROMBOLYSIS PLUS ANTICOAGULATION VERSUS ANTICOAGULATION ALONE IN THE TREATMENT OF CAVAL DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS
Authors: Riyaz Bashir, Chad Zack, Huaqing Zhao, Eric Choi, Grayson Wheatley, Howard Cohen, Alfred Bove
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
231. Fluorescent Tracking of Non-Viral Gene Delivery
Authors: Saeeda Jaffar, Angela Belcher
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

DNA delivery holds much promise for treating genetic diseases. However, inherent toxicity of viral vectors has prompted the development of non-viral delivery systems. Due to the low transfection efficiencies of these synthetic systems, their therapeutic applications are limited. We are investigating the bottlenecks of non-viral gene therapy to increase efficiency. Inorganic nanoparticles are used as tracking probes to monitor the delivery of DNA complexes into cells. They're also used as nano-architectural building blocks to enhance protein expression. This approach has a lot of potential to elucidate the gene delivery pathways and aid in the rational design of new synthetic delivery systems.
Optimizing Plasmid-Based Gene Transfer for Investigating Skeletal Muscle Structure and Function
Authors: Jonathan D. Schertzer, David R. Plant, Gordon S. Lynch
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Intramuscular injection of naked plasmid DNA is a less cytotoxic alternative to viral vectors for delivering genetic material to skeletal muscle in vivo. However, the low efficiency of plasmid-based gene transfer limits its potential therapeutic efficacy and/or its use for many experimental applications. Current strategies to enhance transfection efficiency (i.e., electroporation) can cause significant muscle damage, confounding physiological assessments such as muscle contractility. Optimizing protocols to limit damage is critical for accurate physiological, biochemical, and molecular measurements. Following extensive testing, we developed an electroporation protocol that enhances transfection efficiency in skeletal muscles without causing muscle damage. Pretreating mouse tibialis anterior muscles with hyaluronidase and electroporation at 75 V/cm (using 50% vol/vol saline as a vehicle for plasmid DNA) resulted in 22 +/- 5% of the muscle fibers expressing a reporter gene. This protocol did not compromise contractile function of skeletal muscles assessed at both the intact (whole) muscle and the cellular (single fiber) level. Furthermore, ectopic expression of insulin-like growth factor I to levels that induced muscle fiber hypertrophy without causing tissue damage or compromising muscle function highlights the therapeutic potential of these methods for myopathies, muscle wasting disorders, and other pathophysiologic conditions.
SENEAR—USHER SYNDROME AND INTERNAL MALIGNANCY
Authors: N. K. SAIKIA, L. E. S. MACCONNELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article SENEAR—USHER SYNDROME AND INTERNAL MALIGNANCY Get access N. K. SAIKIA, N. K. SAIKIA University Department of Dermatology, Anders College, and Western Infirmary, Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. E. S. MACCONNELL L. E. S. MACCONNELL University Department of Dermatology, Anders College, and Western Infirmary, Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 1, 1 July 1972, Pages 1–5, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05088.x Published: 01 July 1972 Article history Accepted: 09 February 1972 Published: 01 July 1972
Response to Mastrototaro and Gross
Authors: Muriel Metzger, Gil Leibowitz, Julio Wainstein, Benjamin Glaser, Itamar Raz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We thank Mastrototaro et al. (1) for their comments. For more than 30 years, development of a reliable ambulatory continuous glucose monitor has appeared to be an insurmountable technological challenge. The Medtronic MiniMed continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS), the first commercially available system, provides retrospective analysis of glucose levels, making confirmation of unexpected findings difficult. As stated by Mastrototaro et al., when our sensor data were evaluated using correlation tests, a high degree of correlation with capillary blood measurements was found, confirming several previous reports. However, simple correlation tests …
MPs criticise Care Quality Commission for cutting back on inspections
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The Care Quality Commission (CQC) has been sharply rebuked by the parliamentary health select committee for neglecting its main role of inspecting England’s health and social care services.

A 70% fall in the number of inspections in the second half of 2010-11 was the result of the commission ignoring its core function and diverting resources instead to registering thousands of dentists, it claims.

The House of Commons Health Committee says in a new report that it is “extremely concerned” that compliance activity fell to such low levels. “It demonstrates a failure to manage resources and activity in line with the main statutory objective of the CQC to protect and promote the health, safety and welfare of people who use health and social care services,” it concludes.

Rosie Cooper, Labour MP for West Lancashire and a member of the committee, said, “It’s really disappointing that the CQC allowed itself to get trapped, leaving vulnerable people at …
Topical negative pressure may help chronic wound healing
Authors: Sanjay Azad, H Nishikawa
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Harding et al's review article on healing chronic wounds1 fails to mention treatment with topical negative pressure, which has an emerging role in the management of chronic wounds. 2 3

The simple technique entails applying an open-pore foam dressing (polyurethane ether) to the wound. This dressing is sealed with transparent adhesive drape. A negative pressure or suction force is then applied across the wound via a drainage …
HLA-DRB1 alleles in Hb SS patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: A. Adekile, M.Z. Haider, R. Marouf, A.D. Adekile
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Strong associations have been established between various HLA alleles and different complications of sickle cell disease (SCD). Recently, the HLA-DRB1*03 allele was shown to be associated with susceptibility to stroke while the HLA-DRB1*02 allele may be protective. While stroke and silent brain infarcts (SBI) are unusual in Kuwaiti children with SCD, avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNFH) is quite common. The modulatory association factors must still be elucidated. An investigation of HLA-DRB1 alleles was carried out in a group of 68 Kuwaiti SS patients, of age 7-44 years, of whom 20 (29.4%) had AVNFH, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. A group of 167 apparently healthy age- and sex-matched individuals served as controls. Comparison of the HLA alleles between the whole SS group and the controls showed a significant over-representation of DRB1*01 (P < 0.01) and DRB1*10 (P < 0.05) in the patient group. No significant differences in the allele frequencies in the SS patients with or without AVNFH were observed. It therefore appears that the HLA-DRB1 locus does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AVNFH Kuwaiti patients.
665 CULTURE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) IN PRIMARY HUMAN ADULT HEPATOCYTES: A PHYSIOLOGICAL MODEL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AUTHENTIC INFECTIOUS PARTICLES
Authors: P. Podevin, A. Carpentier, V. Pène, L. Aoudjehane, C. Hernandez, V. Calle, S. Demignot, O. Scatton, J.-F. Méritet, R. Bartenschlager, T. Wakita, F. Conti, Y. Calmus, A.R. Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Judge Rules Diversion of Antismoking Money Illegal, Victory for California Tobacco Control Program
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

ANTISMOKING FORCES scored a decisive victory in the struggle to save California's highly acclaimed Tobacco Control Program. On January 23, Sacramento Superior Court Judge Roger K. Warren ordered the state of California to immediately stop spending tobacco taxes that were diverted from the program's antismoking education and research accounts. At issue is $128 million that the court determined had been illegally diverted from accounts set up by Proposition 99 (Prop 99). This public initiative, passed in 1988 by a vote of 58% to 42%, boosted the state's tobacco tax 25 cents per pack and required 5% of the revenues to be spent on tobacco-related research and 20% on antismoking education programs (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2721-2726). From the start, Gov Pete Wilson and the legislature, urged on by the tobacco industry and other groups, diverted increasing amounts of money from Prop 99 health education and research accounts to help pay for medical care
Fracture Management: A Practical Approach
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1978)

This relatively concise handbook offers a quick, well-organized overview of fractures in general as well as of fractures confined to specific sites. Medical students, beginning residents, and emergency room physicians should find this of great practical value.  The initial section describes a general assessment of the injured patient, classifies fractures, delineates the sequence to be followed during treatment, and enumerates early and late complications of skeletal injuries.  Methods of fracture management in children differ from those in adults because of the potential influence of growth and remodeling in children's bones. The author correctly devotes a chapter to a general discussion of fractures in children. In addition, each subsequent chapter on fractures and dislocations in specific regions concludes with a description of those lesions in children characteristic of each anatomic site.  The discussions of injuries by region, a time-honored method, begin with highlights of pertinent anatomy and then lucidly delineate the
Integrated Strategies to Optimize Sputum Smear Microscopy
Authors: Adithya Cattamanchi, Laurence Huang, William Worodria, Saskia den Boon, Nelson Kalema, Winceslaus Katagira, Patrick Byanyima, Samuel Yoo, John Matovu, Philip C. Hopewell, J. Lucian Davis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) case detection rates are far below targets in most low-income countries. The standard approach to smear microscopy involves sputum collection over multiple days and examination of sputum smears by light microscopy (LM), an insensitive and time-consuming technique.To determine whether two alternative approaches can increase smear-positive case detection by increasing the efficiency (single-specimen microscopy) or sensitivity (light-emitting diode [LED] fluorescence microscopy [FM]) of TB suspect evaluation.We enrolled patients with cough of 2 weeks or more admitted to Mulago Hospital in Kampala, Uganda and collected spot and early morning sputum specimens. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of four prespecified strategies based on the number of sputum specimens collected (one specimen versus two specimens) and the type of microscopy (LM versus LED FM) using mycobacterial culture as a reference standard.Two hundred thirty-three of 464 (50%) patients had culture-positive TB. There was no difference in sensitivity between single-specimen and two-specimen strategies when smears were examined with LM (55 vs. 56%; difference, -1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -5 to +2%) or LED FM (61 vs. 64%; difference, -3%; 95% CI, -7 to +1%). LED FM was more sensitive than LM with both the single-specimen (61 vs. 55%; difference, 6%; 95% CI, 2-10%) and two-specimen strategies (64 vs. 56%; difference, 8%; 95% CI, 3-12%). Findings were similar among the HIV-infected patient subset (n = 321 patients).In low-income, high TB burden settings, single-specimen microscopy and LED FM, either alone or in combination, could considerably increase identification of smear-positive TB cases.
Delivery Pressure at The Catheter Tip
Authors: Thomas P. K. Lim
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Since the publication of our paper entitled "Delivery Pressure at the Catheter Tip in Selective Angiography," (<b>199</b>:11, 1967), we have received many comments from those who are interested in this subject. Among these, the comments by Gilbert and Fletcher (<b>200</b>:83, 1967) are most pertinent, and we wish to offer the following answers. The frequency response of the miniature pressure transducer (Statham SF-1) was tested in our laboratory with a newly developed technique (Bottacini, Burton, and Lim: Calibration of High Frequency Manometers With the Shock Tube, J Appl Physiol, to be published) . It showed the cutoff frequency of 3,050 cycles per second for a sinusoidal output to an input amplitude ratio of 95%. The damping ratio was 0.043. With the same technique, the cutoff frequency was 13.5 cps for the Sanborn 267B pressure transducer when it was used in conjunction with a 7F Cournand
118 KEY ROLE OF CHYMASE IN THE HEPATIC PRODUCTION OF ANGIOTENSIN II AND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
Authors: G. Sansoe, M. Aragno, R. Mastrocola, G. Mengozzi, C. Paternostro, A. Smedile, M. Rizzetto, M. Parola
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)