tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous GLP-1 and Insulin Administration Acutely Enhances Their Vasodilatory, Antiinflammatory, and Antioxidant Action in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Antonio Ceriello, Anna Novials, Silvia Canivell, Lucia La Sala, Gemma Pujadas, Katherine Esposito, Roberto Testa, Loredana Bucciarelli, Maurizio Rondinelli, Stefano Genovese
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

To test the hypothesis that the simultaneous administration of GLP-1 and insulin may increase their vasodilatory, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant action in type 2 diabetes.In two groups of persons with type 2 diabetes, two sets of experiments were performed. The first group had two normoglycemic-normoinsulinemic clamps with or without GLP-1 and two normoglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps with or without GLP-1. The second group had two hyperglycemic-normoinsulinemic clamps and two hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps with or without GLP-1.During the normoglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) increased, while soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1), plasma 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), nitrotyrosine, and interleukin (IL)-6 decreased compared with normoglycemic-normoinsulinemic clamp. Similar results were obtained with the infusion of GLP-1 during the normoglycemic-normoinsulinemic clamp. The combination of hyperinsulinemia and GLP-1 in normoglycemia was accompanied by a further FMD increase and sICAM-1, 8-iso-PGF2α, nitrotyrosine, and IL-6 decrease. During the hyperglycemic-normoinsulinemic clamp, FMD significantly decreased, while sICAM-1, 8-iso-PGF2α, nitrotyrosine, and IL-6 significantly increased. When hyperglycemia was accompanied by hyperinsulinemia or by the simultaneous infusion of GLP-1, these phenomena were attenuated. The simultaneous presence of hyperinsulinemia and GLP-1 had an increased beneficial effect.Our results show that the combination of insulin and GLP-1 is more effective than insulin or GLP-1 alone in improving endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes.
Basal and Oxidative Stress–Induced Expression of Metallothionein Is Decreased in Ascending Aortic Aneurysms of Bicuspid Aortic Valve Patients
Authors: Julie A. Phillippi, Ekaterina A. Klyachko, John P. Kenny, Michael A. Eskay, Robert C. Gorman, Thomas G. Gleason
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a heritable condition that has been linked by an unknown mechanism to a predisposition for ascending aortic aneurysm. Matrix metalloproteinases have been implicated in this predisposition. Metallothionein is a poorly characterized, metal-binding protein that regulates matrix metalloproteinases and is an antioxidant known to be upregulated under oxidative stress. Methods and Results— To determine putative factors involved in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm in BAV patients, our first goal was to identify genes that are dysregulated in ascending aortic aneurysms of BAV patients compared with tricuspid aortic valve patients and nondiseased (control) donors. By microarray analysis (22 000 probe sets), 110 dysregulated genes were identified in BAV compared with tricuspid aortic valve patients and control donors; 8 were genes of the metallothionein family. Metallothionein gene expression and protein expression were significantly lower in aortic tissue and cultured aortic smooth muscle cells from BAV patients compared with control subjects. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression was increased in BAV aortic samples relative to controls. BAV aorta was more susceptible to oxidative stress, and induction of metallothionein under oxidative stress was reduced in BAV patients compared with control subjects. Conclusions— These results demonstrate dysregulated metallothionein expression in ascending aortic smooth muscle cells of BAV patients that may contribute to an inadequate response to oxidative stress and provoke aneurysm formation. We hypothesize that metallothionein plays a pivotal role in the response of ascending aortic smooth muscle cells to oxidative stress cues normally involved in the maintenance of the extracellular matrix, including the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression.
Increased production of the potent oxidant peroxynitrite in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: D Saleh, P J Barnes, A Giaid
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by alveolar inflammation, progressive proliferation of septal cells, increased production of septal matrix, and loss of lung architecture. The process of cellular injury in lung fibrosis is thought to be mediated by oxygen radicals produced by infiltrating inflammatory cells. Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidant produced by the rapid reaction of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide. We investigated the production of nitrotyrosine, a byproduct of protein nitration by peroxynitrite, and the expression of the enzymes responsible for generating NO, in lungs of patients with IPF and compared them with lungs of normal control subjects. We used immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and in situ hybridization to study the production of nitrotyrosine and the expression of inducible (iNOS) and constitutive endothelial (eNOS) nitric oxide synthases in 48 lungs of patients with different stages of IPF and 21 normal lungs. In lungs of control subjects, there was little expression of iNOS and nitrotyrosine in the airway epithelium and alveolar macrophages, and abundant expression of eNOS in the airway epithelium and vascular endothelium. By contrast, in lungs of patients with IPF, strong expression of nitrotyrosine and NOS was seen in macrophages, neutrophils, and alveolar epithelium. A significant increase in the expression of these molecules was only seen in lungs of patients with the early to intermediate stage of the disease. The active stage of IPF is associated with increased inflammatory and alveolar expression of nitrotyrosine and NOS. Increased production of NO and peroxynitrite may be responsible for the oxidative damage seen in this disease.
Effect of sorafenib on murine liver regeneration
Authors: Caroline Hora, Pamela Romanque, Jean-François F. Dufour
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cause of cancer-related death. Sorafenib prolongs survival of patients with advanced disease and is approved for the systemic treatment of unresectable HCC. It possesses antiangiogenic and antiproliferative properties by way of inhibition of the receptor tyrosine kinases vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta 1/2 (PDGFR-β) and the kinase RAF. Sorafenib represents a candidate compound for adjuvant therapy in HCC patients. The aim of our study was to investigate whether sorafenib affects liver regeneration. C57BL6 mice received sorafenib orally at 30 mg/kg/day or its vehicle either for 14 days until the day before hepatectomy or starting the day after surgery or both. Animals were sacrificed 24, 72, and 120 hours after hepatectomy. Liver regeneration was calculated as a percent of initial liver weight. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK1/2) were determined by immunohistochemistry on liver sections. VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels were measured in liver tissue homogenates. Histological analysis of scar tissue was performed. Treatment stopped 1 day before surgery had no impact on liver regeneration. Continuous sorafenib treatment and treatment started 1 day after surgery had statistically significant effects on liver regeneration at 120 hours compared to vehicle-treated control animals (72% ± 12 versus control 88% ± 15 and 70% ± 13 versus control 86% ± 5 at 120 hours, both P ≤ 0.02). BrdU incorporation showed decreased numbers of positive nuclei in both groups receiving sorafenib after surgery. Phospho-ERK levels were reduced in sorafenib-treated animals. An increase of VEGF-A levels was observed in mice receiving sorafenib. Wound-healing complications were observed in animals receiving sorafenib after surgery and confirmed on histological sections. Conclusion: This preclinical study shows that sorafenib did not impact on liver regeneration when ceased before surgery; however, administration after hepatectomy affected late liver regeneration. (HEPATOLOGY 2011;53:577-586)
Exhaled and Nasal Nitric Oxide as a Marker of Pneumonia in Ventilated Patients
Authors: CHRISTOPHE ADRIE, MEHRAN MONCHI, A. TUAN DINH-XUAN, JOSETTE DALL'AVA-SANTUCCI, JEAN-FRANÇOIS DHAINAUT, MICHAEL R. PINSKY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Because inflammation stimulates the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) with an associated increased local NO production, we hypothesized that patients with pneumonia would have increased excretion of NO into their airways. To test this hypothesis, NO was measured in the exhaled air and from the nasal cavities of 49 consecutively intubated and mechanically ventilated patients in our ICU. After excluding NO gas contamination in the inspiratory circuit, nasal NO and end-expiratory and mean exhaled tracheal NO levels and plasma nitrate concentrations were measured using a fast response chemiluminescence analyzer. Twenty-one patients (43%) presented with infectious pneumonia. End- expiratory exhaled NO concentrations were significantly higher in patients with pneumonia as compared with patients without pneumonia (5.9 ± 1 ppb versus 3.2 ± 0.5 ppb, p < 0.01). Similarly, mean nasal NO was higher in patients with pneumonia (1039 ± 138 ppb versus 367 ± 58 ppb, p = 0.003). Plasma nitrate levels did not differ between patient groups. Threshold values of tracheal or nasal NO were defined and subsequently validated in 60 other patients. Positive and negative values of a maximal tracheal level > 5 ppb for pneumonia were 74% and 89%, respectively. Thus tracheal and nasal NO levels may be of help in distinguishing patients with acute pneumonia from other causes. Furthermore, because these differences in airway NO levels were not paralleled in blood nitrite concentrations, we conclude that pneumonia per se is not associated with systemic NO production.
Changes in Cardiopulmonary Parameters During Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in Patients with Heart Disease: Towards Safer Endoscopy
Authors: K. Yazawa, W. Adachi, N. Koide, H. Watanabe, S. Koike, K. Hanazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is an invasive examination. The aims of this study were to elucidate the effects and risks of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with regard to cardiopulmonary functions in patients with heart disease, and to establish safety guidelines for use during endoscopy in this particular group of patients.
The relative role of viral load and metabolic factors in the risk of cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: W J Jeng, C M Chu
Journal: Gut (2010)

We read with great interest the recent article by Wong et al highlighting the increased risk of liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B with metabolic syndrome.1 In this large series cross-sectional study the authors have demonstrated many factors significantly associated with increased risk of cirrhosis in univariate analysis, including metabolic syndrome and serum levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. However, in multivariate logistic regression analysis serum levels of HBV DNA (cut-off value of 102 copies/ml) did not have a consistent effect on the risk of cirrhosis while metabolic syndrome remained a significant risk factor. These data seemed to …
Stimuli-sensitive layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly systems: Targeting and biosensory applications
Authors: Prashant K. Deshmukh, Ketan P. Ramani, Saurabh S. Singh, Avinash R. Tekade, Vivekanand K. Chatap, Ganesh B. Patil, Sanjay B. Bari
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
The Carcinoid Syndrome and Related Cardiac Disease
Authors: Howard J. Christian, James H. Currens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE relation between malignant carcinoid and various systemic changes has been extensively reviewed1 , 2 since 1953, when Isler and Hedinger3 reported 3 cases and suggested that this constituted a definite syndrome. Particular emphasis has been placed on the association of malignant carcinoids with metastases to the liver and right-sided heart disease. The literature now contains at least 65 cases that have valid criteria for the diagnosis of the carcinoid syndrome.In the case of the carcinoid syndrome reported below, there was clinical evidence of tricuspid disease and minimal or no auscultatory evidence of valvular heart disease. The patient was followed for . . .
Clinical Evaluation of Phenformin (DBI) in Office Practice
Authors: Paul L. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1960)

One hundred and four diabetic patients of both sexes, ranging in age from 4 to 83 years, were studied for seven months in a private office practice to evaluate the effect of phenformin therapy. Most of these patients had had difficulty in controlling their diabetes before taking phenformin. Fair to excellent control was achieved by 91 (88%) with or without adjunctive exogenous insulin; failures which occurred in 13 cases were attributable to gastrointestinal, behavioral, or environmental difficulties. Special importance was attached to the value of combined phenformininsulin therapy in reducing the incidence and severity of hypoglycemic episodes and in improving the control of previously labile patients.
Individualized Rituximab Treatment for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Andrew McKeon, Sean Pittock
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Two-dimensional echocardiographic detection of pulmonary venous channel stenosis after Senning's operation.
Authors: G Satomi, K Nakamura, A Takao, Y Imai
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Stenosis of the common pulmonary venous (PV) channel after Senning's operation for complete transposition of the great arteries is a serious problem, and a method for noninvasive diagnosis is highly desirable. Therefore, our purpose was to devise a method to diagnose PV channel stenosis noninvasively. The newly created common PV channels were measured and the short-axis views of the left ventricle were observed by means of two-dimensional echocardiography in 16 patients who had undergone Senning's procedure. In seven patients we used the original procedure and in nine patients we used a modified procedure with a pedicled pericardial patch. The shape of the left ventricle became round abruptly when the width of the PV channel decreased below a critical value (a range of 6 to 9 mm). Three patients with a relatively round-shaped left ventricle and a narrow PV channel (below 9 mm) were all confirmed to have PV channel stenosis at reoperation. All of the patients with a wide PV channel (above 10 mm) and a flat-shaped left ventricle were in good condition both clinically and as determined from the catheterization data. After the operation, patients who had tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary vascular obstruction, or residual left ventricular outflow tract stenosis had a relatively round-shaped left ventricle even though the PV channel was wide enough (above 10 mm). Measurement of the PV channel confirmed the effects of these conditions. Correct diagnosis of PV channel stenosis can therefore be made by observing the shape of the left ventricle and by measuring the PV channel.
Childhood asthma in the Year of the Lung
Authors: K.-H. Carlsen, G. Hedlin, A. Bush
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Paediatric asthma may be named “the illness of our time”. It is as complex as the life of our time; it has increased in occurrence over the last 50 to 60 years to become the most common illness of childhood and adolescence and, despite the very extensive efforts to try to find out the cause of this increase, we must be honest and say that we do not know. Asthma has both a chronic and an acute presentation, causing reduced quality of life in many children and their families 1.

The chief editors of the European Respiratory Journal ( ERJ ) have decided that in the Year of the Lung, we should have a series of articles on paediatric asthma, outlining the many different faces of this disease and to tell something of the story of the venture …
COLLECTIVE INVESTIGATION OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ALLIED CONDITIONS
Authors: S. Whitaker
Journal: BMJ (1925)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides have the characteristics of high efficiency, low toxicity, and safety to subsequent crops, and occupy an important position in the world herbicide market. Cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl are two representative herbicides, which are widely used in weed control. However, there is limited information on their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this study, the developmental toxicity of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl exposure in combination on zebrafish embryos was valuated to better understand the interaction between the that. The 96 h-LC<sub>50</sub> (50% lethal concentration) of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl on zebrafish embryos were 0.637 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> and 0.248 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The combined effect of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl was an antagonistic effect, and the 96 h-LC<sub>50</sub> of zebrafish embryos was 1.043 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>. Morphologically distinct pericardial edema and yolk cysts were observed after combined exposure, with significant effects on body length and heart rate in zebrafish embryos. At the same time, the mRNA levels of gene related to apoptosis and cardiac development also changed significantly. Therefore, we speculate that changes in genes related to apoptosis and cardiac development should be responsible for the abnormal development during embryonic development following co-exposure of cyhalofop-butyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl. <h3>Highlights</h3> Combined exposure caused deformities in zebrafish. Combined exposure caused apoptosis in zebrafish. Combined exposure altered the expression of apoptosis and cardiac-related genes in zebrafish.
Relationship between gastric emptying of solids and gall bladder emptying in normal subjects.
Authors: J N Baxter, J S Grime, M Critchley, R Shields
Journal: Gut (1985)

Very little is known about the normal temporal and quantitative relationships between gastric emptying and gall bladder emptying. Using a non-invasive double isotope technique these relationships were investigated in 22 normal healthy adults. 99Tcm EHIDA was used as the biliary tracer and 113Inm labelled bran as the gastric content tracer. Gastric emptying was monoexponential with a t1/2 of 45 +/- 3 minutes (mean +/- SEM). In 15 subjects the gall bladder emptied in relation to eating according to a double exponential function. In these subjects 15.0 +/- 1.6% of gall bladder contents emptied before gastric emptying began. They could be further divided into two clear cut types (p less than 0.001), according to the ejection fraction at 10 minutes and the t1/2 of the first exponential. Emptying of the gall bladder was faster and more of its contents were ejected in subjects with a type I response (n = 9) than in subjects with a type II response (n = 6). In the remaining seven subjects the gall bladder began to empty spontaneously, unrelated to eating. These observations suggest that gall bladder emptying: (a) may have a cephalic phase, (b) can be expressed as a double exponential function, (c) may occur unrelated to eating, (d) which occurs only in relation to eating would appear to be either fast (type I) or slow (type II).
Endoluminal reconstruction of the arterial wall with endothelial cell/glue matrix reduces restenosis in an atherosclerotic rabbit
Authors: Nicholas Kipshidze, James J Ferguson, Michael H Keelan, Harry Sahota, Richard Komorowski, Latha Raja Shankar, Paramjith S Chawla, Christian C Haudenschild, Victor Nikolaychik, Jeffrey W Moses
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Sexuality Talk
Authors: Amin Zarghami, Amirhossein Zarghami
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Rituximab monotherapy as interim therapy in precursor B‐ALL adults during periods of hepatic toxicity: Report of two cases
Authors: Maya Koren‐Michowitz, Naomi Rahimi‐Levene, Yulia Volcheck, Izhar Hardan, Abraham Kornberg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Precursor B‐ALL blasts may be positive for CD20 in up to 50% of cases. There are few reports on the use of the anti CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, in children with B‐ALL. We report on two adult patients with precursor B‐ALL who developed significant hepatic toxicity during induction chemotherapy. Single agent rituximab was given until recovery of liver enzymes was established. Both patients were able to continue further chemotherapy, underwent an Allo BMT and are now 10–12 months after diagnosis in a continuous CR. Am. J. Hematol. 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.