tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MAST Suit Update
Authors: Keith R. Kaback, Arthur B. Sanders, Harvey W. Meislin
Journal: JAMA (1984)

THE MAST suit has become a standard component of the prehospitalization armamentarium.<sup>1</sup>Other terms in the medical literature that have been used to refer to essentially the same device include medical antishock trousers, military antishock trousers, antishock garments, G-suits, anti-shock air pants, external counterpressure devices, pneumatic trousers, counterpressure suits, circumferential pneumatic compression devices, and pneumatic antishock garments. MAST suit is the most popular term; it is often used to refer to all of the aforementioned devices, although it is a trade name. This article critiques the antishock trousers made by all manufacturers. When we allude to MAST suits we are not singling out one manufacturer but referring to the generic product. The MAST suit consists of a pair of trousers with three inflatable bladders held in place by Velcro fasteners or zippers. It resembles a large blood pressure cuff tailored into a pair of pants. The suit consists of
Operations for Gastric Ulcer, Acute and Chronic1
Authors: R. Parker
Journal: BMJ (1902)

OPERITIONS FOR GASTRIC ULCER.[NOV. 20, _9I2 by the colon.stonfach, and thickened neighbouring tissues below; its posterior part was the opening communicating with the left lung.The spleen was contained in the centre of this abscess cavity.On opening the chest so ise clear seruin and lymph were found in the left pleural cavity, and several pleuritic adhesions wereapparent.On distendin the stomach no fluid escaped.The wound in the viscus had quite healed, but four of the silk sutures were in situ: the others had disanpeared.On the mucoils surface a small depression slhowed wlhere the ulcer had existed.There was no ulcer on the posterior surface.CASE Ill.-My third case I saw late at night in consultation with Dr. Fisher, of Sheil Road.The patient, a clerk, with a dyspeptic history, was dining in a cafe when he was seized with excruciating pain, and fell on the floor writhing in agony.He vomited soon afterthe onset.A medical nan saw him, prescribed morphine,and sent him home, where here- * Read at the aunnal meeting of the Lancashire and Cheshire Branch of the British Medical Association at L'irkenllead.
A simple clinical scoring system to improve the sensitivity and standardization of the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides type cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: logistic regression of clinical and laboratory data
Authors: S.R. Stevens, M.S. Ke, A. Birol, M.H. Terhune, E.J. Parry, C. Ross, E.N. Mostow, A.C. Gilliam, K.D. Cooper
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Background The diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) is notoriously difficult to establish because in the early stages, histological features may be nonspecific or merely suggestive. Objectives To standardize the diagnosis of MF. Methods We studied 138 patients with suspected MF referred over a 7-year period to a university department of a dermatology-based cutaneous lymphoma clinic. Six diagnostic criteria were evaluated: clinical morphology, clinical distribution, skin biopsy T-cell receptor gene rearrangement (TCR-GR), skin biopsy pan T-cell marker loss ≥ 2, skin biopsy CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 6, and skin biopsy diffuse epidermal HLA-DR expression. These six clinical and laboratory criteria were compared by logistic regression analysis in patients with histologically diagnosed MF and those with benign disease. Results Of the 138 patients, 74 had histology of MF, 47 of benign dermatoses and 17 were indeterminate. Close associations were found between a histological diagnosis of MF and TCR-GR (odds ratio 14·4), classical morphology (7·5), classical distribution (2·5) and diffuse epidermal HLA-DR expression (2·8). Logistic regression models were developed depending on the availability of data (either TCR-GR or HLA-DR). Probabilities for correctly diagnosing MF compared with histology as the 'gold standard' were derived from these logistic regression models. A scoring system assigning point values based on these probabilities was then created in order to assist the clinician in making the diagnosis. If using TCR-GR data, a positive TCR-GR = 2·5 points, the presence of classical morphology = 2·0 points, and the presence of classical distribution = 1·5 points. A total score of ≥ 3·5 points assigns a high probability (> 85%) of having MF. If using HLA-DR expression, then the presence of classical morphology = 2·5 points, a positive diffuse epidermal HLA-DR expression = 2·0 points, and the presence of classical distribution = 1·5 points. In this case, a total score of ≥ 4·0 points assigns a high probability (> 85%) of MF. Conclusions The logistic regression models and scoring systems integrate clinical and laboratory assessments, allow rapid probability estimation, and provide a threshold for the diagnosis of MF in an objective, standardized manner.
The jellyfish green fluorescent protein: A new tool for studying ion channel expression and function
Authors: John Marshall, Raymond Molloy, Guy W.J Moss, James R Howe, Thomas E Hughes
Journal: Neuron (1995)

Two methods are described for using the jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter gene for ion channel expression. GFP fluorescence can be used to identify the transfected cells, and to estimate the relative levels of ion channel expression, in cotransfection experiments. A GFP-NMDAR1 chimera can be constructed that produces a functional, fluorescent receptor subunit. These methods should facilitate studies of ion channel expression, localization, and processing.
GW25-e0512 Obesity and Novel Cardiovascular Markers in a Population without Diabetes and its Complications in China
Authors: Zeng Qiang, Dong Shengyong, Wang Manliu, Ren Chonglei, Mao Lingna, Shen Guoli, Wang Wei, Gao Changqing
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
“TITRe”ing the Approach to Transfusions after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: John Spertus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Cardiac surgery is a common, high-risk procedure performed on patients who are vulnerable to ischemic complications, including myocardial infarction, sepsis, stroke, and death. These patients often have myriad coexisting conditions that further raise their risk. Given the underlying clinical circumstances warranting cardiac surgery in the first place, the goal of maximizing oxygenation by maintaining adequate hemoglobin levels seems straightforward. Anemia is readily correctable by means of transfusion, which gives clinicians an immediate sense of satisfaction as they see hemoglobin levels rise and makes clinical sense. However, previous observational studies suggest that transfusion is associated with increased rates of infection, ischemic . . .
Tumor Growth Inhibition with Cetuximab and Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Xenografts Expressing Wild-type and Mutated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Authors: Philipp Steiner, Christopher Joynes, Rajiv Bassi, Su Wang, James R. Tonra, Yaron R. Hadari, Daniel J. Hicklin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a validated approach to treat cancer. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), EGFR contains somatic mutations in 10% of patients, which correlates with increased response rates to small molecule inhibitors of EGFR. We analyzed the effects of the monoclonal IgG1 antibody Erbitux (cetuximab) in NSCLC xenografts with wild-type (wt) or mutated EGFR.NSCLC cell lines were grown s.c. in nude mice. Dose-dependent efficacy was established for cetuximab. To determine whether combination therapy produces tumor regressions, cetuximab was dosed at half-maximal efficacy with chemotherapy used at maximum tolerated dose.Cetuximab showed antitumor activity in wt (A549, NCI-H358, NCI-H292) and mutated [HCC-827 (delE746-A750), NCI-H1975 (L858R, T790M)] EGFR-expressing xenografts. In the H292 model, cetuximab and docetaxel combination therapy was more potent to inhibit tumor growth than cetuximab or docetaxel alone. Cisplatin augmented efficacy of cetuximab to produce 6 of 10 regressions, whereas 1 of 10 regressions was found with cetuximab and no regression was found with cisplatin. Using H1975 xenografts, gemcitabine increased efficacy of cetuximab resulting in 12 of 12 regressions. Docetaxel with cetuximab was more efficacious with seven of nine regressions compared with single treatments. Cetuximab inhibited autophosphorylation of EGFR in both H292 and H1975 tumor lysates. Exploring the underlying mechanism for combination effects in the H1975 xenograft model, docetaxel in combination with cetuximab added to the antiproliferative effects of cetuximab but was the main component in this drug combination to induce apoptosis.Cetuximab showed antitumor activity in NSCLC models expressing wt and mutated EGFR. Combination treatments increased the efficacy of cetuximab, which may be important for the management of patients with chemorefractory NSCLC.
Fat’s loss is bone’s gain
Authors: Liming Pei, Peter Tontonoz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue with an increased susceptibility to fractures, is a major public health threat to the elderly. Bone mass homeostasis in adults is maintained locally by the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Haploinsufficiency of PPARγ, a key transcription factor implicated previously in adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis, has now been shown to promote osteogenesis through enhanced osteoblast formation. These findings support a reciprocal relationship between the development of bone and fat, and may prompt further exploration of the PPAR pathway as a potential target for intervention in osteoporosis.
Tumoral Calcinosis-Like Metastatic Calcification in a Patient With Renal Osteodystrophy CT and Scintigraphic Appearances
Authors: HISATAKA KOBAYASHI, MARIKO HOSONO, RYOTA FUJIMOTO, JUNJI KONISHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Hyperparathyroidism and renal osteodystrophy are the disorders usually associated with metastatic calcifications, including tumoral-calcinosis-like calcification in soft tissue in dialysis patients. Tumoral calcinosis is a hard, juxta-articular mass comprised of septal, thick connective tissue and cavities filled with a dense milky substance. The authors report plain radiographic, CT, and scintigraphic findings of a large tumoral-calcinosis-like metastatic calcification accompanying renal osteodystrophy in a renal dialysis patient. This rare form of metastatic calcification and renal osteodystrophy as a background condition were demonstrated on bone imaging.
Prognosis in Raynaud's Phenomenon After Sympathectomy
Authors: E. N. M. Johnston, R. Summerly, M. Birnstingl
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The family history of diabetes in the first-degree relatives of 1,307 patients at the diagnosis of clinical diabetes is compared with a similar family history in 859 control-group subjects.The results are matched for siblings and parents in different age-groups, and are also compared with the known rate of clinical diabetes at different ages.Under 30, compared with a nondiabetic control, a diabetic at diagnosis is between 12 and 24 times as likely to have a similarly affected sibling.The corresponding rate for those aged 70 or over, is only one and a half times.The results suggest that only diabetes of early onset has a strong genetic background.This investigation was supported (in part) by a P.H.S.
The Art and Science of Clinical Toxicology
Authors: Leonard B. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE<i>Transactions of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs</i>(ASAIO) is not a household word in medical practice, yet this yearly publication contains by far the most complete record of clinical observations on the management of poisoning. As befits the nature of the society, the greatest interest attaches to the use of extracorporeal devices to remove poisons from the bloodstream. The definition of poisons is broad and includes a large variety of exogenous agents as well as toxic substances produced by the body, ie, endogenous poisons. The 1977 edition of the<i>Transactions</i><sup>1</sup>provides an opportunity to share some of the newer information. The present review borrows some information from and summarizes some of the material from the reference cited. From the days of its birth (1954), the ASAIO has been largely a creation of nephrologists and particularly those interested in dialysis. This is a historical fact and is not
The impact of mandatory continuing medical education
Authors: J. K. Stross
Journal: JAMA (1978)

MANY states are either moving toward or have adopted legislation that mandates physician participation in continuing medical education (CME). To date, 13 states have CME requirements in effect, another ten states have passed enabling legislation that has not been implemented, and the others have not taken formal action. In June 1975, the governor of Michigan signed into law Public Act 112, which mandates participation in CME as a prerequisite for annual reregistration of the license to practice medicine. Each physician must show evidence of participation in 50 hours of CME activities, approved by the Board of Medical Examiners, in the calendar year before application for reregistration. This law appears to result from a concept, held by many legislators, that CME provides a handle on medical practice and that manipulation of that handle will result in direct and desirable effects on medical practice. Participation in CME is perceived as a means
Prevention Guidelines
Authors: Steven E. Nissen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
505 RAPAMYCIN PREVENTS PROLIFERATION OF DAMAGES HEPATOCYTES DURING CHRONIC LIVER INJURY AND THEREBY LIVER TUMOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: L.E. Buitrago-Molina, J. Lamlè, S. Marhenke, S. Schüngel, U. Kossatz, K. Breuhahn, M.P. Manns, N. Malek, A. Vogel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Nephrotic syndrome with slight proliferative changes in the glomeruli: response to prednisone.
Authors: H Rashid, S Ezedum, A R Morley, D N Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Seven patients with slight but definite proliferative changes in the glomeruli achieved complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome when treated with prednisone. The patterns of response and, in three cases, repeated relapse and response suggested that this was more than a coincidental spontaneous cure. A controlled trial of corticosteroids in patients with slight proliferative glomerulonephritis and severe nephrotic syndrome should be carried out to verify these results.
Serum Enzyme Levels in Diagnosis of Postoperative Myocardial Infarction
Authors: S. M. Watkins, A. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The levels of creatine kinase, hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, and aspartate transaminase have been serially measured in the serum of patients undergoing surgery. Serum enzyme levels often rose to a range commonly found after myocardial infarction but fell to normal within 5-10 days. Raised serum enzyme levels have no diagnostic significance in a case of postoperative chest pain until after the fifth postoperative day, but may be significant thereafter.
Primary Caudal Tumors
Authors: Michael Scott
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  Although Norstrom, Kernohan, and Love recently stressed ( JAMA  178 :1071 [Aug. 16] 1961) the importance of spinal fluid evaluation and myelography in ruling out tumors of the filum terminale and conus as among the causes of low back and sciatic pain, the authors did not mention the article by Craig et al. (JAMA 149:750, 1952) which also reported that tumors at a slightly higher level than the conus, i.e., the epiconus or low thoracic cord, could also produce similar pain.  The writer also reported ( JAMA  160 :528, 1956) 3 tumors of the high thoracic spinal cord and one of the upper cervical cord that produced lower extremity pain as an initial and persistent symptom before signs of cord involvement appeared.  Thus, tumors at any level of the spinal cord or cauda equina can produce lower extremity pain as an early and perplexing localizing symptom. However lesions in
Management of unconscious poisoned patients
Authors: E. G. McQueen
Journal: BMJ (1969)

ITISHit cannot be too strongly emphasized that this study was not designed to discover varia- tions in intake levels of low statistical signi- ficance.Not only is Professor Yudkin's questionary too blunt an instrument for this, but interpretation of such circumstances is difficult because of statistical variation and the intrusion of minor variables, known and unknown The object, with no preconceived ideas to advance or defend, was to confirm or refute, with larger numbers and using a fairly " normal " population, Professor Yudkin's earlier finding of a very significant difference in sucrose intake between I.H.D. and control groups.Mean Sugar Intake (g.iweek) in 1,158 Controls and 170 I.H.D. Patients by Age Groupzng and Social Class Controls I.H.D.
Science, medicine, and the future: Healing chronic wounds
Authors: K G Harding
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Greater interest in wound healing is needed to ensure higher standards of basic care. Precise identification of the systemic, local, and molecular factors underlying the wound healing problem in individual patients should allow better tailored treatment. Allogeneic skin grafting and bioengineered skin equivalents are being used successfully in patients with venous leg ulcers and diabetic patients with foot ulcers.
Very late activation antigens on rheumatoid synovial fluid T lymphocytes. Association with stages of T cell activation.
Authors: M E Hemler, D Glass, J S Coblyn, J G Jacobson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Lymphocytes from the synovial fluid of eight out of eight rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients had elevated very late activation antigen-1 (VLA-1) expression (10-36% positive cells), whereas peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from RA patients and healthy controls had low VLA-1 expression (0-6% positive cells). During 1-2 wk of in vitro culture, VLA-1 increased on synovial fluid cells but remained low on PBL. In comparison, the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2 R) was less prominent than VLA-1 on fresh synovial fluid cells, did not increase on cultured synovial fluid T cells, but did increase greatly on cultured PBL. The mitogen PHA reversed or prevented the appearance of VLA-1+, IL-2 R- synovial fluid cells during in vitro culture, thus giving IL-2 R+, VLA-1- cells. These results emphasize that VLA-1+ SF cells are different from resting cells or IL-2 R+ activated PBL T cells, and VLA-1 on synovial fluid T cells may be incompatible with mitogen stimulation. In addition, the VLA-2 heterodimer (165,000/130,000 relative molecular mass [Mr]) was regulated opposite to the VLA-1 heterodimer (130,000/210,000 Mr) on synovial lymphocytes, and thus the VLA-1/VLA-2 ratio is another indicator of the stage of T cell activation.
Charcot's links with Britain Remember Charcot's contribution to rheumatology
Authors: M F Khan, M Bonduelle
Journal: BMJ (1994)

nine of these were said to have been deliberate.Four of these assaults involved bottles.These results suggest that tempered glasses may be preferable to annealed glasses.Even so, several safety problems were also reported in relation to tempered glasses.There is probably no such thing as a safe glass.Public bars are a commonplace forum for intoxication, aggression, and related injuries and assaults.Indeed, the design and operation of such premises may influence levels of aggression and intoxication.4Evidence on the merits of tempered glasses is not definitive.More research is required to produce a clear picture of the role of glasses, bottles, and other artefacts in bar injuries.It is particularly important to ascertain whether the introduction of tempered glasses into bars leads to a fall in injuries or simply to the adoption of other forms of weapon.
Reliability of the Determination of Cardiac Output in Man by Means of the Fick Principle
Authors: ARTHUR SELZER, ROBERT B. SUDRANN
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

Two determinations of cardiac output using the Fick principle were performed within a 15 min. time period in a series of 167 patients representing a wide spectrum of cardiac and pulmonary disorders. The reproducibility of the 2 readings was found to be satisfactory, attesting to the reliability of the practical application of the Fick principle as employed in clinical medicine.
Family and Mental Health Problems in a Deaf Population
Authors: William G. Hardy
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This volume represents the summarizing report of the "Mental Health Project for the Deaf" in New York State which was begun in 1955 by the Department of Medical Genetics of the New York State Psychiatric Institute. The book is divided into four sections: (1) the protocol and findings of the research program investigating approximately 12,000 literate deaf persons over age 12, and over 100 pairs of deaf twins; (2) the problems and findings relative to psychiatric guidance in a pilot clinical outpatient program; (3) psychiatric considerations in a clinical inpatient program for hospitalized deaf persons; and (4) a concluding section summarizing the findings and offering recommendations for further work with deaf adults. Naturally enough, in a cumulative report of this kind, there is considerable unevenness in form and style, and considerable redundancy in the presentation of ideas. The book, however, will stand as a monumental effort in appraising the mental
Doctors hail new EU directive on tissues and cells
Authors: J. Burgermeister
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Doctors in the United Kingdom have welcomed a directive by the European parliament that sets out new standards on safety and quality for the clinical use of tissues and cells in the European Union.

George Galea, president of the British Association for Tissue Banking, said, “This is great news for patients who need some form of therapeutic treatment based on the use of tissues and cells. At the moment standards are not the same across the EU. The introduction of minimum standards will definitely mean safer and …