tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair Without Ring Annuloplasty for Acute Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Tomasz A. Timek, Sten L. Nielsen, David T. Lai, Frederick A Tibayan, David Liang, Filiberto Rodriguez, George T. Daughters, Neil B. Ingels, D. Craig Miller
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background Alfieri edge-to-edge mitral repair has been used clinically with ring annuloplasty to correct ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), but its efficacy without concomitant ring annuloplasty has not been described in this setting. Methods Seventeen sheep underwent implantation of 9 radiopaque markers on the left ventricle, 8 on the mitral annulus (MA), 1 on each papillary muscle (PM) tip, and 1 on the anterior and posterior leaflet edges near the anterior and posterior commissures. Alfieri repair was performed in 7 animals, and 10 were controls. Biplane videofluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were performed (open chest) before and continuously during left circumflex coronary artery occlusion to induce acute IMR. MA area (MAA), anterior (APM), and posterior (PPM) papillary muscle tip distances to midseptal MA (“saddle horn”), and distance of each leaflet marker to the mitral annular plane were calculated from 3-dimensional marker coordinates at end-systole (ES). Results Severity of IMR was not different between groups (+1.9±0.7 versus +1.4±0.5 for Control and Alfieri, respectively; P =not significant [NS]). Mitral annular area (MAA; 21±15 versus 19±9%; P =NS) and septal-lateral (SL) annular diameter (12±6 versus 12±11%; P =NS) increased similarly during ischemia. While PPM-saddle horn distance increased in both groups (1.5±1.3 and 1.6±1.4 mm for Control and Alfieri, respectively; P &lt;0.05 versus preischemia), APM-saddle horn distance increased in Control (1.0±1.2 mm; P =0.03) but not in the Alfieri animals (0.8±08 mm; P =0.07). Leaflet edge displacements from the annular plane during ischemia were similar in both groups. Conclusions Alfieri repair did not prevent acute IMR nor alter ischemic valvular or subvalvular geometric perturbations. Adjunct surgical procedures, such as ring annuloplasty, are also necessary.
HERPES ENCEPHALITIS IN CEBUS MONKEYS
Authors: Hans Zinsser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

Herpes virus which ordinarily produces in Cebus olivaceus monkeys an acutely fatal encephalitis closely resembling in time, symptoms and pathology the acute, herpetic disease of rabbits may-in more resistant individual monkeys-lead to a more prolonged malady which, while unquestionably produced with herpes virus, simulates with considerable accuracy the human disease of acute encephalitis, in symptoms, in course and in pathological changes.
Sexual attractiveness: Sex differences and overlap in criteria
Authors: John Marshall Townsend
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Women with high sociosexual orientation inventory (SOI) scores may trade signs of willingness to invest for signs of ability to invest, instead of, or in addition to, genetic benefits. The target person's status traits affect women's judgments of sexual/physical attractiveness more than men's. An objective measure of a physical trait such as FA is therefore crucial in untangling the factors affecting women's judgments of attractiveness.
End of life trajectories across conditions
Authors: F. E. M. Murtagh, K. Vinen, K. Farrington, D. O'Donoghue
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The findings of Pinnock and colleagues’ study on the longitudinal perspectives of people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have implications for other non-malignant conditions.1 Some of the findings echo strongly with the experience of people with advanced chronic kidney disease, …
Vitamin D receptor genotype is associated with radiographic osteoarthritis at the knee.
Authors: A G Uitterlinden, H Burger, Q Huang, E Odding, C M Duijn, A Hofman, J C Birkenhäger, J P van Leeuwen, H A Pols
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are age-related disorders of the skeleton with genetic components. Low bone density is a risk factor for osteoporotic fracture while osteoarthritis is associated with increased bone density. The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor (VDR) gene locus was previously found to be associated with bone density. We therefore studied the relationship between radiographic osteoarthritis at the knee and VDR genotype in a population-based sample (n = 846), using molecular haplotyping of anonymous intragenic DNA polymorphisms. Radiographic osteoarthritis was defined using the Kellgren score, which is based on the assessment of osteophytes and joint space narrowing (JSN). We show that one VDR haplotype allele is significantly overrepresented in individuals with knee osteoarthritis and associated with a 2.27-fold increased relative risk (95% confidence interval 1.46, 3.52). Adjustment for bone density at the femoral neck did not change these results, indicating that the association is not mediated by bone density. The association appeared to be largely explained by the presence of osteophytes rather than JSN. Our results indicate a role of the VDR gene in the pathogenesis of osteophytes while linkage disequilibrium with another nearby gene, i.e., the collagen type IIa1 gene encoding the most abundant protein in cartilage, might contribute to the association.
TGR Analysis in Phase I Clinical Trials—Response
Authors: Charles Ferté, Serge Koscielny, Jean-Charles Soria
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

We thank Dienstmann and Tabernero for their comments on our article ([1][1]). They underscore the high translational potential of using tumor growth rates (TGR) to assess the therapeutic effect independently from the natural course of the disease and ultimately guide the “go - no go decision
A7.15 Lack of Association of Variants Previously Associated with Anti-TNF Medication Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Results from a Homogeneous Greek Population
Authors: MI Zervou, P Sidiropoulos, E Myrthianou, I Flouri, D Plant, P Rapsomaniki, A Barton, DT Boumpas, GN Goulielmos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Treatment strategies blocking tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) have proven very successful in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), showing beneficial effects in about 50–60% of the patients. However, a significant subset of patients does not respond to the medication, for reasons that are still unknown. <h3>Aim</h3> To validate five genetic factors, previously suggested to predict anti-TNF outcome, and two additional RA-associated SNPs in a cohort of anti-TNF–treated RA patients, from the homogeneous Greek island of Crete, Greece. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> The RA sample set consisted of 183 patients treated with the 3 anti-TNF biologic agents (Infliximab, Adalimumab and Etanercept) from the Clinic of Rheumatology of the University Hospital of Crete. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) markers, namely <i>PTPRC</i> Rs10919563, <i>CD226</i> Rs763361, <i>AFF3</i> Rs10865035, <i>MyD88</i> Rs7744 and <i>CHUK</i> Rs11591741 SNPs were genotyped with Taqman primer-probe sets, while <i>TRAF1/C5</i> Rs10818488 and <i>STAT4</i> Rs7574865 genotyped following the Restriction Fragments Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) approach. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated and the statistical difference in allele distribution was assessed by means of x<sup>2</sup> test or Fisher's exact test. <h3>Results</h3> We tested various demographic factors such as age, sex, and concomitant medications for correlation with treatment response to biologics. Disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) at baseline and after 6 months were available for these patients and analysis of good versus poor response at 6 months was performed for each SNP. In this cohort of patients, consisting predominantly of patients on infliximab (66.67%), none of the 7 successfully genotyped markers demonstrated association with treatment response. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We conclude that the gene polymorphisms under investigation are not strongly predictive of anti-TNF response in RA patients from Crete (Greece). However, larger studies are needed to definitively exclude association of the SNPs under investigation in the Greek population and this study needs to be extended by involving more RA-associated SNPs in an attempt to predict anti-TNF outcome in Greece.
A SAMPLING STUDY OF 17,120 MENTAL HYGIENE CLINIC PATIENTS
Authors: GEORGE GENN, ROBERT M. BEECHLEY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1952)

This study consists of detailed information about 750 of the 17, 120 patients served by the Northern New Jersey Mental Hygiene Clinics in the 25 years of their existence. The sampling consisted of the first 250 cases closed in 1930, 1940, and 1950, respectively. The community-behavioral adjustment, prognosis for therapy, estimated improvement, age, mental level, and educational background of the clientele were reviewed. Examples used for evaluations of qualitative data were cited. Some implications of the findings have been presented.
The Geographic Distribution of Leprosy.
Authors: Albert S. Ashmead
Journal: JAMA (1899)

New York, Dec. 20, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In<i>Janus</i>of September-October, 1898, there is part of an article by Dr. Ehlers, entitled, "La distribution Géographique de la Lèpre." I had been invited by Dr. Ehlers, in a letter dated Feb. 23, 1897, to write such an article. My answer was that everything I know about the question is on record, and that no new work on the subject was required. However, if something new about the geographic distribution of leprosy is to be said, let it at least be the truth. If the little statistics to which Dr. Ehlers seems to have devoted his life, and on which his great reputation as a leprologist is founded (cases seen in Iceland, the Balkans, etc.), are as true as the paragraph about Japan, in this article, not much can be gained by studying his notices. He says: Le Japon est très
Clinical Manifestations of Vaginal Trichomoniasis
Authors: Pål Wølner-Hanssen
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>was detected by culture or wet-mount examination in 118 (15%) of 779 randomly selected women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Vaginal trichomoniasis was significantly associated with symptoms of yellow discharge, abnormal vaginal odor, and vulvar itching and with signs of colpitis macularis ("strawberry cervix"), purulent vaginal discharge, and vaginal and vulvar erythema. A logistic regression model was used to adjust for coinfections, as well as for demographic, behavioral, and other possible confounding variables.<i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>remained significantly associated with symptoms of yellow vaginal discharge (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4) and vulvar itching (OR = 3.0) and with signs of colpitis macularis (OR = 241), purulent vaginal discharge (OR = 8.0), vulvar erythema (OR = 2.5), and vaginal erythema (OR = 4.3). The sensitivity of symptoms and signs associated with trichomoniasis was relatively low. Nevertheless, clinical manifestations can be used to identify those patients for whom a wet-mount examination would likely have high yield. Careful clinical examination and selective use of wet-mount examination together with wider use of more sensitive tests for subclinical infection, such as culture or direct immunofluorescent staining of vaginal fluid, could lead to improved detection and control of this infection. (<i>JAMA</i>1989;261:571-576)
Conceptus Radiation Dose and Risk From Cardiac Catheter Ablation Procedures
Authors: John Damilakis, Nicholas Theocharopoulos, Kostas Perisinakis, Emmanouel Manios, Panayiotis Dimitriou, Panos Vardas, Nicholas Gourtsoyiannis
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The aim of the current study was to estimate the conceptus radiation dose and risk associated with fluoroscopic imaging during a catheter ablation procedure for supraventricular tachycardia performed on the expectant mother.Exposure parameters and fluoroscopy times for each projection of the cardiac ablation procedure performed in 20 female patients of childbearing age were recorded. Radiation doses for a potential conceptus were estimated by using dose data obtained in anthropomorphic phantoms simulating pregnancy at the first, second, and third trimesters. Dose measurements were carried out using thermoluminescent dosimeters. For a typical examination, the average radiation dose to the conceptus was <1 mGy in all periods of gestation. Average excess fatal cancer was 14.5/10(6) unborn children irradiated during the first postconception weeks. Corresponding values for the second and third trimesters were 30 and 55.7/10(6), respectively. The risk for hereditary effects in future generations was 1.5/10(6) cases for conceptus irradiation during the first postconception weeks. Corresponding values for the second and third trimesters were 3.0 and 5.6/10(6), respectively. Formulas and dose data are presented for estimating the conceptus risk from any technique and x-ray system used for catheter ablation procedures.A typical catheter ablation procedure results in a very small increase in risk of harmful effects to the conceptus. However, estimation of conceptus dose from catheter ablation procedures is always needed to assess the risk to the individual developing in utero.
GPs can unlock state benefits for patients, says charity
Authors: Rebecca Coombes
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Millions of extra pounds in state benefit are claimed when family doctors act as the intermediaries between elderly patients and welfare advice agencies, evidence has shown.

Using data gathered from general practices in England, the charity Age Concern has estimated that £58m (€73m; $113m) of benefits were claimed in 2006 as a result of people receiving advice in healthcare settings. The extra take-up in state support was achieved despite the fact that only 10% of general practices, 889 surgeries, are linked to a benefits advice service.

The report found that an estimated 1.7 million of eligible older people, often some of the poorest and most vulnerable people, have failed to apply for pension credit, often because they don’t realise they are entitled …
Economic man: Self-interest and rational choice
Authors: Daniel John Zizzo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

“Economic man” assumes not only self-interest, but also rationality of choices. The finding that ultimatum game offers can be explained by ambiguity aversion as well as pessimism, plus other findings, suggests the usefulness of taking bounded rationality more into account. Neurodevelopmental and heritability research supports the authors' emphasis on the importance of social learning and socialization.
FRI0572-HPR Kinesiophobia Affects Early Stage Functional Levels after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Table 1.
Authors: H. Guney, G.I. Kinikli, O. Caglar, I. Yuksel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Though total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful procedure for the late stage of knee osteoarthritis, high pain levels and functional impairment are considerable. In addition, TKA patients suffer from psychological symptoms such as kinesiophobia and fear of motion. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to determine the fear of motion and kinesiophobia impact on early functional capacity and performance. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty-six patients who underwent unilateral TKA were included in the study. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was applied to detect kinesiophobia. A high value on the TSK indicates a high degree of kinesiophobia and a score of 37 differentiates between high and low scores. Patients were divided into two groups either to have high scores (Group I; high kinesiophobia, n=22) or low scores (Group II; low kinesiophobia, n=24). Timed up and go (TUG) and 2-minute walk tests (2-MWT) were used to determine the early stage of functional status. Intensity of pain was measured with visual analog scale (VAS). Knee flexion range of motion (ROM) and day of hospital stay were recorded. Assessments were applied on the post-operative day four. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with Mann-Whitney U test <h3>Results</h3> There were no differences in age (z= -0.320, p=0.749), BMI (z= -0.299, p=0.765) and hospital stay (z= -0.798, p=0.425) between Group I (mean age = 64.1±5.1 years) and Group II (years mean age = 63.5±5.3 years) (Table 1). The pain levels (z= -0.115, p=0.909) and knee flexion ROM (z= -0.088, p=0.930) were similar between groups. While there was no difference in TUG test (z= -0.416,p=0.676) there was significant difference in 2-MWT (z= -4.788, p&lt;0.001). Group II (low kinesiophobia) had better 2-MWT results compared to Group I (high kinesiophobia) (Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Kinesiophobia and fear of motion have an adverse effect on early stage walking performance in TKA patients. <h3>References</h3> Monticone M, Ferrante S, Rocca B, Salvaderi S, Fiorentini R, Restelli M, Foti C. Home-based functional exercises aimed at managing kinesiophobia contribute to improving disability and quality of life of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2013 Feb;94(2):231-9. Singh JA, Lewallen DG. Patient-level improvements in pain and activities of daily living after total knee arthroplasty.Rheumatology (Oxford). 2014 Feb;53(2):313-20. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4248
Rupture of the uterus: a review of 32 cases in a general hospital in Zambia
Authors: M. Nkata
Journal: BMJ (1996)

During July 1993 to June 1994, in Zambia, 32 pregnant women aged 15-46 years suffered from uterine rupture at Mansa General Hospital, a referral center for Luapula province. Adolescent women were significantly more likely to have had a uterine rupture than all women delivering (38% vs. 17%; p 0.01). Nulliparity was more common among the uterine rupture cases than among all women giving birth (44% vs. 27%; p 0.05). Multiparity was just as common. 63% of uterine rupture cases had had no prenatal care. In 94% of cases the rupture occurred during labor. Some identified contributing factors for uterine rupture were cephalopelvic disproportion (24 cases), previous cesarean section (3), and oxytocic stimulation and assisted breech delivery with undiagnosed mild hydrocephalus (2). 44% of the women died postoperatively. Sepsis was the leading cause of death (79%). Mortality was associated with nulliparity (79%), adolescence (71%), and anemia, sepsis, and shock on admission (64%). Sepsis and maternal death increased with time since rupture and distance between patient's home or referring center and hospital. Prenatal care did not affect maternal death. All the babies died. These findings emphasize the need for health education of rural residents, training and supervision of traditional birth attendants, and available transportation. In cases of uterine rupture, later marriage, family planning use, and obstetric care may improve maternal prognosis.
A longitudinal evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to methacholine in children: role of baseline lung function, gender, and change in atopic status.
Authors: F Forastiere, G M Corbo, V Dell'Orco, R Pistelli, N Agabiti, D Kriebel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

A longitudinal study was done to evaluate the determinants of bronchial responsiveness (BR) to methacholine in children and adolescents. A cohort of 892 7- to 11-yr-old schoolchildren was restudied after a 3.5-yr interval. The same protocol for methacholine challenge (up to 64.0 mg/ml) and skin prick testing was employed at both the baseline survey and follow-up. An overall decline in the level of BR was observed, the geometric mean slope (percent decline in FEV1 per mg/ml of methacholine) decreasing from 0.68 (95% CI=0.61 to 0.75) to 0.51 (95% CI=0.46 to 0.57) (p<0.001). At both surveys, the strongest determinants of slope were baseline pulmonary function level (FEF25-75) and degree of atopic status. After adjusting for log FEF25-75, no gender difference was found in the first survey, whereas girls had greater BR than boys at follow-up. Longitudinal changes in skin prick test reactivity were associated with the BR level. Subjects in whom an initially positive skin prick test became negative (5.3%) had an increased slope at baseline but a follow-up slope similar to that of never skin-reactors. Conversely, those whose skin prick test converted from negative to positive (13.0%) had a slope similar to that of never-reactors at baseline but became stronger responders to methacholine than never-reactors at follow-up. Finally, responsiveness was highest in the presence of persistently positive skin prick testing (13.5%). In conclusion, BR declines from childhood to adolescence, paralleling the increase in lung function during this period; the decline is less pronounced in females. Changes in atopic status are associated with modifications in the BR level.
Systemic sclerosis associated with right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: A.P. BEWLEY, J.P. COOPER, N.J. LEVELL, J.M. WALKER, P.M. DOWD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Systemic sclerosis is an uncommon multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology which predominantly affects the skin. Cardiac involvement, which is far more common than was originally realized, may affect any part of the heart but most frequently affects the left ventricular myocardium. Right ventricular dysfunction is usually associated with pulmonary vascular disease. We report a case of systemic sclerosis associated with right ventricular cardiomyopathy in whom pulmonary artery pressures were normal.
Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Authors: Joel H. Merenstein
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Patients acutely ill with suspected streptococcal pharyngitis were treated with penicillin immediately in a general practice office. Patients so treated showed a response 24 hours sooner than those whose treatment was delayed for results of bacterial culture. This was true of both culture-positive and culture-negative cases, although to a lesser extent in the latter. The advantage of decreased morbidity for one day, together with the identification of patients with possible false-negative throat cultures, outweighs the theoretical disadvantage of penicillin reactions with early therapy. Because upper respiratory tract infection and acute pharyngitis are the most common acute illnesses seen in a primary practice, they represent an important population for management by nurse practitioners. Clinical and bacteriological diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis by nurse practitioners in this study were comparable in accuracy to that of a physician.