tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2113: A wild-type-blocking reference sequence enhances COLD-PCR and enables fast amplification and high enrichment of all types of low-prevalence unknown mutations
Authors: Coren A. Milbury, Jin Li, G. Mike Makrigiorgos
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Molecular profiling of somatic mutations in cancer often requires the identification of low-prevalence DNA mutations in an excess of wild-type (WT) DNA; however, the method selectivity and sensitivity are often limiting factors. COLD-PCR (CO-amplification at Lower Denaturation Temperature) resolves several limitations in low-level mutation detection by using critical denaturation temperatures to enrich mutant-containing amplicons during PCR. However, certain mutation types are not enriched by some COLD-PCR formats. We report a novel enhancement in COLD-PCR that enables an Improved and Complete Enrichment (ice-COLD-PCR) for all mutation types. Methods: A Reference Sequence (RS) that preferably forms double-stranded structures with WT sequences, but not with mutant sequences, was added to COLD-PCR. A RS was designed to bind to one WT-sequence strand, avoid primer binding and prevent polymerase extension. To validate the use of a RS in COLD-PCR, we evaluated segments of TP53 exon 8. Serial dilutions of mutant cell-line DNA, or human lung tumor DNA, in WT DNA were analyzed. Mutations that increase, decrease, or retain the amplicon melting temperature were tested. Following conventional-PCR, COLD-PCR (full or fast COLD-PCR formats), and ice-COLD-PCR methods amplicons were sequenced and the degree of mutation enrichment was compared. Several clinical lung adenocarcinoma samples with known low-level mutations were also tested with ice-COLD-PCR. Results: ice-COLD-PCR yielded ∼13-fold enrichment for Tm-increasing and Tm-equivalent mutations, and ∼15-fold enrichment for Tm-reducing mutations. In contrast, Full-COLD-PCR demonstrated ∼5-fold enrichment for all mutations. Further, fast-COLD-PCR, which can only enrich Tm-reducing mutations, exhibited ∼17-fold enrichment for these types of mutations, while the Tm-increasing and Tm-equivalent mutations remained undetectable. Regardless of mutant type and position, after ice-COLD-PCR amplification, all mutation types are strongly enriched and can be reliably sequenced down to a level of 1-3%. Ice-COLD-PCR duration is ∼1hour, compared to several hours for full-COLD-PCR. Conclusions: The inclusion of appropriately designed RS within COLD-PCR selectively inhibits WT amplification throughout PCR, while preferentially enriching mutants and reducing time-intensive hybridization times. Ice-COLD-PCR combines high sensitivity, speed, and low-cost, and facilitates direct sequencing for all types of unknown low-prevalence mutations in clinical cancer samples. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2113.
Variation in comedonal antibiotic concentrations following application of topical tetracycline for acne vulgaris
Authors: K.J. GARDNER, W.J. CUNLIFFE, E.A. EADY, J.H. COVE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Variation in comedonal antibiotic concentrations following application of topical tetracycline for acne vulgaris Get access K.J. GARDNER, K.J. GARDNER The Skin Research Centre, Department of Dermatology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFE, W.J. CUNLIFFE The Skin Research Centre, Department of Dermatology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.A. EADY, E.A. EADY Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.H. COVE J.H. COVE Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 5, 1 November 1994, Pages 649–654, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb04976.x Published: 01 November 1994 Article history Accepted: 18 February 1994 Published: 01 November 1994
Administrative Patterns of School Health Services
Authors: James M. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A survey of 230 cities in 50 states was taken to determine the present pattern of administration of school health services in the United States. The results indicate that school health services are administered predominantly by boards of education. Superintendents of schools prefer this administrative pattern in nearly 80% of the cities included in the survey. Among reasons given by superintendents of schools for recommending administration by the board of education are (1) efficiency and simplicity in single agency administration; (2) greater success in obtaining funds for school health services; (3) better understanding of the total school situation by the health service personnel; (4) more complete integration of health services and health education; (5) more emphasis placed on school health; and (6) larger and better service to school-age children.
Breastfeeding May Help Prevent Childhood Overweight
Authors: William H. Dietz
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Paulette Mehta
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dog factor differences in Can f 1 allergen production
Authors: M. Ramadour, M. Guetat, J. Guetat, M. El Biaze, A. Magnan, D. Vervloet
Journal: Allergy (2005)

The clinical importance of dog allergy is well known, but it is unknown if all types of dogs represent the same risk for allergic patients. The purpose of this work was to evaluate among 288 healthy dogs if the levels of Can f 1 on fur vary between breeds (German Shepherd, Pyrenean Shepherd, Poodle, Cocker spaniel, Spaniel, Griffon, Labrador retriever and Yorkshire terrier), gender, hormonal status, hair length, and according to the presence of seborrhea.Each dog was shaved in a limited area and Can f 1 concentrations were measured in mug/g fur by ELISA. The results (geometric mean values and 95% confidence intervals) were analyzed using analysis of variance and with nonparametric tests.A wide variability in Can f 1 levels was found between dog breeds, from Labradors [1.99 (0.03-129.91)] to Yorkshires [16.72 (3.67-76.16)] and Poodles [17.04 (2.79-103.94)] but only the Labrador levels were significantly different from each other breed. Males produced more Can f 1 than females, 11.75 (1.27-108.40) vs 8.89 (0.91-86.39). No difference was found according to hair length or hormonal status. The seborrheic status highly (P = 0.0019) influenced the presence of Can f 1 on hair: 16.66 (1.59-173.96) vs 9.40 (1.03-85.70).Breeds (Labrador retriever), sex and seborrhea seem to influence the levels of Can f 1 on fur.
HL-A Antigens in Thromboangiitis Obliterans
Authors: Toshiyuki Ohtawa
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We have recently observed that the frequency of occurrence of a particular second sublocus group HL-A antigen (tentatively specified by us as J-1-1) was significantly higher (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) in Japanese patients with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) than it was in a population of normal Japanese. As shown in the Table, J-1-1 antigen was found in 46% of the TAO patients, relative to a normal population occurrence of 18%. Also, antigens HL-A9 and W10 showed an increased occurrence in TAO patients. However, antigen HL-A12 was not found in TAO patients, but it occurred with a frequency of 20% in the normal population. The Figure illustrates our classification of the J-1-1 antigen. In our study, 11 antisera from pregnant Japanese women showed a very high correlation with each other in their reactivities on the lymphocytotoxicity test (LCT), using normal Japanese panel lymphocytes. With the LCT test antisera, the antigen that
Coming Up Early
Authors: Craig L. Bowron
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Ad Libitum3 February 2004Coming Up EarlyCraig L. Bowron, MDCraig L. Bowron, MDFrom St. Paul, MN 55105.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-3-200402030-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail can ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From St. Paul, MN 55105.Current Author Address: 1396 Sargent Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55105. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 February 2004Volume 140, Issue 3Page: 228KeywordsBeesGamesGeneticsMemoryRivers ePublished: 3 February 2004 Issue Published: 3 February 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Janice Jou, Anna Mae Diehl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) are believed to play a role in invasion and metastasis of many types of tumors. In this issue of the JCI, Chen et al. show that a gene that has been associated with aggressive biology in hepatocellular carcinomas initiates a molecular cascade that results in EMT.
Severe bridging fibrosis of the colon in a man with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: W. Van Moerkercke, G. Deboever, G. Lambrecht, K. Hertveldt
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 61-year-old man with diabetes and a history of alcohol abuse underwent colonoscopy for the investigation of anal incontinence and urgency of defecation. He had a history of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis) and psoriasis from the age of 33 and was on long-term treatment with mesalazine. He had had several severe recurrences of his inflammatory bowel disease that had to be treated with corticosteroids (prednisolone), the last episode occurring at the age of 53.
Abstract SY13-04: Stem cell self-renewal and cancer
Authors: Sean J. Morrison
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Haematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and leukemogenesis “Pre-leukemic” mutations are thought to promote clonal expansion of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by increasing self-renewal and competitiveness; however, mutations that increase HSC proliferation tend to reduce competitiveness and self-renewal potential, raising the question of how a mutant HSC can sustainably outcompete wild-type HSCs. Activating mutations in NRAS are prevalent in human myeloproliferative neoplasms and leukemia. We found that a single allele of oncogenic NrasG12D increases HSC proliferation but also increases reconstituting and self-renewal potential upon serial transplantation in irradiated mice, all prior to leukemia initiation. NrasG12D also confers long-term self-renewal potential upon multipotent progenitors. To explore the mechanism by which NrasG12D promotes HSC proliferation and self-renewal we assessed cell cycle kinetics using H2B-GFP label retention and BrdU incorporation. NrasG12D had a bimodal effect on HSCs, increasing the rate at which some HSCs divide and reducing the rate at which others divide. This mirrored bimodal effects on reconstituting potential as rarely dividing NrasG12D HSCs outcompeted wild-type HSCs while frequently dividing NrasG12D HSCs did not. NrasG12D had these effects by promoting STAT5 signaling, inducing different transcriptional responses in different subsets of HSCs. One signal can therefore increase HSC proliferation, competitiveness, and self-renewal through bimodal effects on HSC gene expression, cycling, and reconstituting potential. We have also developed methods for studying protein synthesis by individual stem cells in vivo. Currently, there are almost no data on protein synthesis in any somatic stem cell. We found that the amount of protein synthesized per hour in HSCs in vivo was lower than in most other haematopoietic cells, even if we controlled for differences in cell cycle status or forced HSCs to undergo self-renewing divisions. Reduced ribosomal function in Rpl24Bst/+ mice further reduced protein synthesis in HSCs and impaired HSC function. Pten deletion increased protein synthesis in HSCs but also reduced HSC function. Rpl24Bst/+ cell-autonomously rescued the effects of Pten deletion in HSCs, blocking the increase in protein synthesis, restoring HSC function, and delaying leukemogenesis. Pten deficiency thus depletes HSCs and promotes leukemia partly by increasing protein synthesis. Increased or decreased protein synthesis impairs HSC function. Citation Format: Sean J. Morrison. Stem cell self-renewal and cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr SY13-04. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY13-04
Biodegradable three-dimensional networks of poly(dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate). Synthesis, characterization and in vitro studies of structural degradation and cytotoxicity
Authors: Monique J Bruining, Harriet G.T. Blaauwgeers, Roel Kuijer, None Elisabeth Pels, Rudy M.M.A Nuijts, Leo H Koole
Journal: Biomaterials (2000)
A South American Looks at a North American Residency
Authors: Manuel F. E. Bonnemaison
Journal: JAMA (1963)

RESIDENCY TRAINING programs are unique parts of the medical educational system of the US, although they somewhat resemble German assistantships. The institution of the first residency programs depended on the initiative of Osler and Halsted, of Johns Hopkins University, in the last years of the 19th century. At that time. North American physicians traveled to Europe for advanced training, just as doctors today come to this country. Today the US offers, in general, more and better opportunities for postgraduate medical training than any other country. Nevertheless, there are a few points, in relation to orthopedic training programs in particular, that should be looked at through the eyes of a foreign doctor.  I believe that many foreign physicians look up to North American training as their highest educational goal. There are valid reasons for such an attitude, but sometimes they return to their countries disappointed, convinced that they made the
Decline in FEV1 among patients with severe hereditary alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency type PiZ.
Authors: N Seersholm, A Kok-Jensen, A Dirksen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Severe alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) deficiency is characterized by a decrease in serum alpha 1-AT to values < 20% of normal. Severe airflow obstruction, most commonly due to pulmonary emphysema secondary to the destruction of pulmonary elastic tissue, may develop at an early age in persons with alpha 1-AT deficiency. The purpose of this study was to estimate the annual decline in FEV1 (delta FEV1) in alpha 1-AT-deficient patients, to compare delta FEV1 in a referral population (index cases) with subjects found through family studies (nonindex cases), and to evaluate the role of smoking cessation on delta FEV1. One hundred and sixty-one subjects from the Danish alpha 1-AT-deficiency study who were older than 25 yr and who had a recorded smoking history and at least two spirometric examinations 1 yr apart were studied. The delta FEV1 for each individual was determined by regression analysis of FEV1 on follow-up time. The overall mean delta FEV1 was 81 ml/yr. There was no significant difference in delta FEV1 between 113 index cases and 48 nonindex cases even after controlling for age, initial FEV1, sex, and lifetime tobacco consumption. One hundred of the subjects were ex-smokers, 18 had never smoked, and 43 were current smokers. The mean delta FEV1 among the current smokers was 132 ml/yr, versus 52 ml/yr among the ex-smokers (p < 0.001). For the never-smokers, the mean delta FEV1 was 86 ml/yr.
Effect of powder grinding on hydroxyapatite formation in a polymeric calcium phosphate cement prepared from tetracalcium phosphate and poly(methyl vinyl ether-maleic acid)
Authors: Yoko Matsuya, Shigeki Matsuya, Joseph M. Antonucci, Shozo Takagi, Laurence C. Chow, Akifumi Akamine
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)
Diabetes Education: What Should Health-Care Providers In Long-Term Nursing Care Facilities Know About Diabetes?
Authors: Richard P Tonino
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

Herein, I focus on three areas: 1) the context of diabetes in nursing homes, 2) the effectiveness of educational programs, and 3) recommendations for future directions. The 15% prevalence of diabetes in nursing homes is twice the rate in the general population. These patients have more macro- and microvascular comorbidity compared with nondiabetic nursing home residents and require 31% more hospitalizations. Targeted educational programs have been shown to improve patient care and reduce the number of hospital days by 28%. Guidelines for implementation of these educational programs take into account the special strengths and weaknesses of nursing homes. National and state initiatives should be made to increase diabetes education for health-care providers in long-term nursing care facilities.
Genetic basis of lipoprotein disorders.
Authors: J L Breslow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and proteins that carry cholesterol in the bloodstream.They are spherical particles with a coat consisting principally of amphiphilic phospho- lipids and proteins, called apolipoproteins, and a core, which is essentially an oil droplet, consisting of varying proportions of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters.Lipoprotein levels are de- termined by genes that code for proteins that control lipopro- tein synthesis, lipoprotein processing, and lipoprotein break- down.These include the apolipoproteins, A-I, A-II, A-IV, B, CI, CII, CIII, D, E, and apo(a), the lipoprotein processing proteins, lipoprotein lipase (LPL),1 hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL), lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and the lipoprotein receptors, LDL receptor, chylomicron remnant receptor, and scavenger receptor.The following is a brief summary of cur- rent knowledge about the genetic basis of lipoprotein dis- orders.Additional background information and references may be found in several recent review articles (1-1 1).Since 1982, the genes for the 10 apolipoproteins, the 4 lipoprotein processing proteins, and the LDL receptor have all been isolated, sequenced, and mapped in the human genome.(For the primary reviews see references 1, 9, and 10.) Chro- mosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 harbor the A-II, B, D, apo(a), and LPL genes, respectively.Chromosome 11 contains a cluster of three apolipoprotein genes, A-I, CIII, and A-IV, all within a 20-kb DNA segment.Chromosome 15 contains the gene for HTGL.Two genes reside on chromosome 16, the CETP, and LCAT genes.Four genes reside on chromosome 19.The LDL receptor is on the short arm ofchromosome 19 and a cluster of three apolipoprotein genes, E, CI, and CII, are on the long arm of chromosome 19 within a 50-kb DNA segment.The LDL receptor gene and the apolipoprotein genes on chromosome 19 are not linked (Fig. 1) (13).The structures ofthe lipoprotein transport genes have been analyzed and gene families identi- fied.Seven of the apolipoprotein genes appear to be part of a gene family based on similarities in coding sequences as well as
CHRONICALLY ENLARGED SPLEEN (MALARIAL?)
Authors: J. C. VanNuys
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Mrs. B. T., aged 34, was one of fourteen children, ten of whom, five boys and five girls, lived to be grown. Three sisters and four brothers are now living. The father died of dysentery at the age of 68. The mother is still living, aged 68. At the age of 10 years the patient had had a prolonged attack of fever, during which the spleen had become enlarged and dislocated downward. During this attack of fever, she had had severe constipation. Since the attack she has had many similar ones, each being accompanied by an enlargement of the spleen. Each time, after the subsidence of the temperature, the splenic enlargement decreased, but the tumor could always be felt in the hypochondrium. Ever since her first attack of fever, she has been obstinately constipated. She was married at the age of 21, and is the mother of six children, three
Acute Effects of Ethanol on Left Ventricular Performance
Authors: LAWRENCE D. HORWITZ, JAMES M. ATKINS
Journal: Circulation (1974)

The cardiac effects of ethanol were studied in six conscious dogs chronically instrumented for measurement of left ventricular pressure, internal transverse diameter, and outflow. Successive intravenous infusions of ethanol produced blood levels of 120 ± 16 ( sem ) mg% (infusion #1) and 311 ± 19 mg% (infusion #2). Stroke volume decreased from 20.1 ± 1.6 ml preinfusion to 17.2 ± 1.9 ml after infusion #1 ( P &lt; 0.01) and 13.6 ± 1.9 ml after infusion #2 ( P &lt; 0.01). Left ventricular end diastolic pressure increased 2.5 mm Hg with infusion #1 ( P &lt; 0.05) and 6.0 mm Hg with infusion #2 ( P &lt; 0.05). Left ventricular dp/dt max fell 17% with infusion #1 ( P &lt; 0.001) and 30% with infusion #2 ( P &lt; 0.01). Left ventricular diameter increased at end diastole and end systole with ethanol. Heart rate was unchanged with infusion #1 and increased with infusion #2; left ventricular systolic pressure was unaltered. Studies after pharmacological autonomic denervation with propranolol and atropine demonstrated changes in left ventricular dp/dt max, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, and stroke volume similar to unblocked results. Thus ethanol at blood levels commonly encountered in social usage is a potent myocardial depressant.