tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tc-99m MIBI, Tc-99m Tetrofosmin, and Tc-99m (V) DMSA Accumulation in Recurrent Malignant Thymoma
Authors: SEONG JANG KIM, IN JU KIM, YONG KI KIM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Thymoma is the most common primary tumor of the anterior mediastinum, accounting for 20% to 30% of all mediastinal tumors. The recurrence rate after total resection of the thymoma ranges from 8% to 18%. The authors describe a patient with recurrent malignant thymoma imaged with Tc-99m MIBI, Tc-99m tetrofosmin, and Tc-99m (V) DMSA. Early and delayed Tc-99m MIBI and Tc-99m tetrofosmin scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the mediastinal area, as did Tc-99m (V) DMSA scintigraphy. Coronal SPECT images obtained with Tc-99m MIBI, Tc-99m tetrofosmin, and Tc-99m (V) DMSA showed increased uptake in the mediastinal lesion seen on a computed tomograph of the chest. However, the normal blood-pool activity of the heart and great vessels imaged with Tc-99m (V) DMSA obscured the recurrent malignant thymoma. Although Tc-99m (V) DMSA is a useful tumor-seeking agent, Tc-99m MIBI and Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT are preferred to Tc-99m (V) DMSA to detect primary and recurrent malignant thymoma.
Postnatal depression: does no one care?
Authors: D. Stanley
Journal: BMJ (1980)

SIR,-With reference to the article "Postnatal depression: does no one care ?" (8 December, p 1487), I would like to point out that the subject of postpartum psychiatric disorders has been scrutinised and been the subject of a lot of time and energy of many researchers for over a century.'Needless to say, numerous papers and research projects have been published during this time.These concern many aspects of the whole spectrum of these disorders-from acute psychotic disorders2 to the "three-day blues syndrome,"'3 including postpartum depression.4With this history in mind I would like to reassure the author that the lack of "appropriate hormones" to treat people like his wife is not the result of people "not having a care" to answer the queries he poses but is much more likely to be a direct reflection of the complexity of the biochemical and endo- crinological state of the psychiatrically ill puerperal women.As far as the "lack of warning" that patients will be affected is concerned, epidemiological studies and research into the aetiology of these disorders are plentiful5 7 and concern in this respect is in an ever-evolving state.
Quality of Life among Donors of Liver Transplants to Relatives
Authors: Taisuke Morimoto, Yoshio Yamaoka, Koichi Tanaka, Kazue Ozawa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: Since June 1990, we have performed liver transplantations involving living related donors in 61 children with end-stage liver disease1–5. A questionnaire regarding the postoperative ...
Dementiagate: spend the money on dementia services and research
Authors: D. Barer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The origins of the farcical initiative to bribe GPs to encourage “early diagnosis” of dementia are puzzling.1 2 3 Whether the policy is a calculated attempt to downplay the potential harms of screening and inflate the benefits of early treatment far beyond the evidence or just a well meaning but misguided effort to help people with dementia and their families,4 5 it …
Diagnosis of Rabies.
Authors: Mazyck P. Ravenel
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Philadelphia, Feb. 11. 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journalfor February 9, page 401, you give a report of the meeting of the Philadelphia Pathological Society for January 10, which includes a summary of the paper on "The Rapid Diagnosis of Rabies," by ourselves, and in your "Current Literature" you refer to this in place of an abstract of the paper. The report sent to you is so hopelessly muddled and inaccurate that we must beg space to correct it. Your correspondent has failed not only to give the facts as we presented them, but also to grasp the primary object of our work, which was an examination of the claims made by Van Gehuchten and Nélis as to the changes which occur in the intervertebral and plexiform ganglia in cases of rabies, and a comparison of their findings with those of Babès in the medulla oblongata, to which
PWE-048 An Evaluation of Screening Colonoscopists’ Performance After a Structured Accreditation Process
Authors: K Patel, S Thomas-Gibson, O Faiz, M D Rutter
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colorectal cancer screening with colonoscopy has been shown to reduce mortality by removal of adenomatous polyps with potential for malignant change. Colonoscopists with higher adenoma detection rates have lower rates of interval cancer. The Bowel Cancer Screening Programme offers colonoscopy to subjects aged 60–74 after a positive faecal occult blood test (FOBT). All colonoscopists have to be screening-accredited with a lifetime log of over 1000 colonoscopies with certain minimum key performance indicators and then undergo a formal structured assessment process during which they are observed performing 2 colonoscopies by trained assessors. <h3>Methods</h3> The aim was to assess how performance varied in this highly selected group of colonoscopists in the 12 months after they commenced screening. 139,363 procedures were performed between June 2006 and March 2012 by 245 colonoscopists. Data were collected on caecal intubation rate (CIR), the adenoma detection rate (ADR), the mean number of adenomas detected per patient (MAP) and the number of procedures performed by each colonoscopist. <h3>Results</h3> Colonoscopists were divided into quartiles by performance for CIR and ADR. The mean CIR in the top quartile was 98.6% compared to 91.4% in the lowest quartile. The mean number of procedures in the first year of screening was 141 and 123 respectively (t-test p = 0.055); there was a correlation between the number of procedures performed and CIR (Pearson’s r = 0.196, p = 0.002). There was a significant difference in the number of procedures performed in the previous year before commencing screening (266 compared to 201, p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the ADR (p = 0.48), pain caused, years of experience or number of lifetime procedures. There was no correlation between CIR and ADR (r = 0.001, p = 0.982). The mean ADR in the top quartile was 56.8% compared to 39.8% in the lowest quartile. There was no significant difference between these groups in the CIR, pain or any other measure from the lifetime procedure log. There was a significant difference in the MAP (1.64 compared to 0.77, p &lt; 0.01). Overall there was a strong correlation between ADR and MAP (r = 0.59, p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data show that even in a stratified group of high-performing colonoscopists there is considerable variation in performance in CIR, ADR and MAP. There was no correlation between CIR and ADR but a significant association between CIR and the endoscopic activity the previous year. Colonoscopists performing more procedures in their first year screening patients did not have higher adenoma detection rates. Further studies are needed to ascertain the factors responsible for these differences to try to further improve performance and patient outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Measurement of the Early Disappearance of Iodinated (I <sup>131</sup> ) Serum Albumin from Circulating Blood by a Continuous Recording Method
Authors: WALTER H. PRITCHARD, THOMAS W. MOIR, WILLIAM J. MAcINTYRE, SCOTT R. INKLEY
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

A method for continuous recording of flowing arterial blood in humans has demonstrated that injected iodinated (I 131 ) human serum albumin disappears at variable rates from the circulation when losses are calculated from a two hour extrapolation to zero time. Losses from the circulation during the ten minute interval following injection were minimal. The recorded disappearance curve inscribed during the two hour period subsequent to mixing apparently declines as a single exponential function. In the absence of disturbed circulatory states, blood volume calculated from a single ten minute sample agreed with values obtained by extrapolation within the limits of error of counting methods.
ENDEMIC TYPHUS FEVER IN HAWAII
Authors: ERIC A. FENNEL
Journal: JAMA (1934)

There is an ever increasing interest in the epidemiology and geographic distribution of American typhus fever. Epidemic (Old World) typhus fever was well known to the physicians of the early nineteenth century. Typhus fever was first differentiated from typhoid by Gerhard, studying the Philadelphia epidemic of 1836. Typhoid means a disease like typhus fever. Typhus abdominalis became a clinical entity under the name of typhoid. Eberth in 1880 and Gaffky in 1884 discovered the typhoid bacillus, now more properly designated Eberthella typhi. Brill in 1897 observed a disease in New York, which he differentiated from typhoid and which, for a long time, bore his name. At that time he considered it a distinct clinical entity in no way related to typhoid, nor, later, to typhus fever. Subsequently it was proved to be immunologically similar to European typhus. In 1906 Ricketts discovered the small gram-negative intracellular bodies that bear his name
P1149 PHYSICIAN ADHERENCE TO AND EFFICACY OF TRIPLE THERAPY WITH TELAPREVIR (TVR) PLUS PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2a/RIBAVIRIN (PEGIFN/RBV) IN A REAL-LIFE SETTING
Authors: S. Mauss, A. Schober, C. John, T. Lutz, G. Moog, H.R. Bruch, G. Teuber, S. Christensen, R. Heyne, S. Pape, U. Naumann, M. Roessle, W. Schiffelholz, H. Loehr, U. Alshuth, D. Hueppe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Effect of thyroid status on thin-filament Ca2+ regulation and expression of troponin I in perinatal and adult rat hearts.
Authors: L J Dieckman, R J Solaro
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

There is evidence for the existence of developmental changes in expression of troponin I (TNI) in cardiac thin filaments; however, regulation of TNI expression has not been described. We tested whether thyroid state affects expression of TNI using neonatal and adult rats made hypothyroid by treatment with 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil. Polyacrylamide gels of myofibrils from hearts of 7-, 14-, 21-, and 28-day-old animals indicated that both euthyroid and hypothyroid rats display a developmental shift toward the adult form of TNI. However, hypothyroid rats displayed a lower percentage of adult TNI at each age studied. When adult rats were made hypothyroid, the proportion of adult TNI decreased slightly. Thin-filament activity was determined from measurements of the effect of acidic pH on calcium activation of myofibrillar ATPase activity. Sensitivity to acidic pH was measured by the magnitude of shift in pCa50 (-log of half-maximally activating molar Ca2+) between pH 7.0 and 6.5. Euthyroid rats displayed developmental increases in pH sensitivity. At 7, 14, and 28 days of development, shifts in pCa50 were 0.11, 0.38, and 0.43 units, respectively. Hypothyroid rats displayed less pH sensitivity with pCa50 shifts of 0.07, 0.21, and 0.15 units at 7, 14, and 28 days of development. Adult hypothyroid rats displayed a 0.38-unit shift in pCa50, whereas euthyroid adults displayed a 0.44-unit shift. Our results indicate that pH sensitivity and expression of cardiac TNI are influenced by developmental stage and hormonal status.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF PREFRONTAL LOBOTOMY
Authors: Lawrence C. Kolb
Journal: JAMA (1953)

A survey made by the National Institute of Mental Health indicates that by the end of 1949 about 10,000 persons in the United States had undergone lobotomy or some form of surgical ablation of the frontal lobes of the brain for mental illness. The number of operations of this type had increased annually during each of the five preceding years. Thus, the interest in lobotomy has gained momentum since the procedure was introduced by Egas Moniz late in 1935.  The extensive surgical, anatomic, physiological and psychological studies that have emanated from the investigation of patients treated by this method have led to the collection of considerable new knowledge in regard to the functions of the frontal lobe and also have made apparent many deficiencies in that knowledge; for example, the majority of psychological techniques in use at present in the study of such patients are incapable of yielding information about
Changes in skin physiology during bath PUVA therapy
Authors: H. LOffler, J. Aramaki, K. Friebe, R. Happle, I. Effendy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Frequent bathing leads to a skin barrier damage with various changes in physiological skin parameters. Conversely, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation may improve the impaired skin barrier by reducing inflammatory reactions.The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of physiological skin parameters during a therapy with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) bathing and subsequent UVA irradiation.Thirty patients with a skin disease without barrier disruption were treated with daily bathing in a 8-MOP solution (0.0005%) and subsequent UVA irradiation. Multiple physiological skin parameters (transepidermal water loss, skin blood flow, skin colour, sebum content, skin hydration) were measured repeatedly on clinically non-affected skin on the back, forearm and forehead. In addition, patch testing with sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) (0.5%) was performed on the forearm and on the back.We found a moderate but significant disturbance of skin barrier and hydration on the forearm and the back (bathing + irradiation) after increasing dosages of therapy. In addition, SLS testing leads to stronger reactions.We conclude that on clinically healthy skin the impairment of skin barrier by frequent bathing cannot be completely compensated by subsequent UVA irradiation. When conducting a treatment with 8-MOP bathing and UVA irradiation a concomitant therapy supporting the recovery of skin barrier, e.g. with moisturizer, should be performed.
Comparative Risk Assessment of the Burden of Disease from Climate Change
Authors: Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Rosalie Woodruff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

The World Health Organization has developed standardized comparative risk assessment methods for estimating aggregate disease burdens attributable to different risk factors. These have been applied to existing and new models for a range of climate-sensitive diseases in order to estimate the effect of global climate change on current disease burdens and likely proportional changes in the future. The comparative risk assessment approach has been used to assess the health consequences of climate change worldwide, to inform decisions on mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and in a regional assessment of the Oceania region in the Pacific Ocean to provide more location-specific information relevant to local mitigation and adaptation decisions. The approach places climate change within the same criteria for epidemiologic assessment as other health risks and accounts for the size of the burden of climate-sensitive diseases rather than just proportional change, which highlights the importance of small proportional changes in diseases such as diarrhea and malnutrition that cause a large burden. These exercises help clarify important knowledge gaps such as a relatively poor understanding of the role of nonclimatic factors (socioeconomic and other) that may modify future climatic influences and a lack of empiric evidence and methods for quantifying more complex climate-health relationships, which consequently are often excluded from consideration. These exercises highlight the need for risk assessment frameworks that make the best use of traditional epidemiologic methods and that also fully consider the specific characteristics of climate change. These include the longterm and uncertain nature of the exposure and the effects on multiple physical and biotic systems that have the potential for diverse and widespread effects, including high-impact events.
Plasma levels and skin‐eosinophil‐expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with chronic urticaria
Authors: A. Tedeschi, R. Asero, A. V. Marzano, M. Lorini, D. Fanoni, E. Berti, M. Cugno
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Although chronic urticaria (CU) is often regarded as autoimmune in nature, only less than 50% of sera from CU patients contain histamine-releasing autoantibodies. This suggests that other factors may contribute to its pathogenesis. We evaluated the possible involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the major mediators of vascular permeability, in CU.Eighty consecutive adult patients with CU and 53 healthy subjects were studied. VEGF and prothrombin fragment F(1+2) were measured by enzyme immunoassays. Autologous plasma skin test (APST) was performed in CU patients and, in six of them, skin biopsy specimens were taken from wheals to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP).Plasma VEGF concentrations were higher in CU patients (8.00 +/- 0.90 pmol/l) than in controls (0.54 +/- 0.08 pmol/l) (P = 0.0001) and tended to parallel both the severity of CU and to correlate with F(1+2) levels. APST was positive in 85.1% of patients. VEGF concentration was significantly higher in APST-positive than in APST-negative patients (P = 0.0003). Immunohistochemically, all specimens from patients with CU showed a strong expression of VEGF (P = 0.002) that colocalized with ECP, a classic eosinophil marker.VEGF plasma levels are elevated in CU and parallel the disease severity. This supports a possible role of this molecule in CU pathophysiology. Eosinophils are the main cellular source of VEGF in CU lesional skin.
TREATMENT OF GONORRHEA OF CERVIX
Authors: F. F. Lawrence
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have read with interest the article by Dr. Lucius E. Burch of Nashville, Tenn., inThe Journal, January 21. While his procedure may be efficient in the treatment of cervical gonorrheal infections, I cannot see how it can be considered applicable to the majority of pelvic infections. In a considerable experience it has been exceptionally rare for a case to be presented for examination until there were general pelvic infections. In a study of the pathologic changes in a large number of infected fallopian tubes, I noted that: When the infection was gonorrheal it was almost universally bilateral. If puerperal or postabortive, it was frequently unilateral, and on the left side; and, when occurring in connection with or subsequent to an appendicitis, on the right side. In those cases due to gonorrhea, the ciliated epithelium of the tubes was destroyed, the tubes were kinked by adhesions,
Arachnidism
Authors: J. B. ELLIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 March 1930ArachnidismA Report of Five Cases of Spider Poisoning,J. B. ELLIS, M.D.J. B. ELLIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-9-924 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOnly recently, despite thirty years of general practice, have I had my first experience with spider bite poisoning, and these experiences have come in such rapid succession that I am able to report five cases of markedly uniform character which have come under my observation within a short period of time. So rare are such cases in this section of the country that, in the first instance, spider bite poisoning did not occur to me even as a remote possibility. In that case the venomous arachnid was encountered in the dark and was therefore not seen, but in the second,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. B. ELLIS, M.D.Affiliations: Helena, Ark.*Reference: ARACHNIDISM—A Study in Spider Poisoning, by Emil Bogen, M.D., Los Angeles. The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. LXXXVI, June 19, 1926, pp. 1894-96. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPoisonous Spider Bites Newer Developments in Our Knowledge of ArachnidismEMIL BOGEN, M.D. 1 March 1930Volume 3, Issue 9Page: 924-927KeywordsPrimary care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
A school microepidemic of tuberculosis.
Authors: C P Bredin, M Godfrey, J McKiernan
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Microepidemics of tuberculosis continue to occur in countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis.A microepidemic of tuberculosis in a secondary school with 604 girls in Cork city, Ireland, in 1986 with follow up to 1990 is described. Neonatal BCG vaccination was discontinued in the city in December 1972 so most of the 342 pupils who had received BCG were aged 14 years or more. Six active cases and 75 tuberculin positive cases were found. Four of the six girls with active disease had had neonatal BCG. The 75 pupils with a positive (grade 3 or 4) Heaf test response were given chemoprophylaxis with rifampicin and isoniazid for six months; none had developed active tuberculosis four years later. The brother of the girl who was the probable index case, however, developed active tuberculosis in 1988 despite similar chemoprophylaxis.The episode highlights the fact that children who have had neonatal BCG can develop active tuberculosis as teenagers.
Recurrent intermittent restraint delays fed and fasting hyperglycemia and improves glucose return to baseline levels during glucose tolerance tests in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat—role of food intake and corticosterone
Authors: Holly E. Bates, Michael A. Kiraly, Jessica T.Y. Yue, Danitza Goche Montes, Melanie E. Elliott, Michael C. Riddell, Stephen G. Matthews, Mladen Vranic
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Current Treatment of Malignant Hypertension
Authors: Charles L. Curry
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A MAN who is 42 years old has a blood pressure of 230/150 mm Hg. Does he have malignant hypertension? Should the blood pressure be lowered immediately or gradually? The answers to these questions require a clear concept of the nature and treatment of malignant hypertension. Unfortunately, there is no single, all-inclusive definition of malignant hypertension. The disease is actually a clinical syndrome characterized by severe diastolic hypertension and varying degrees of retinal or renal changes or both. It may be accompanied by visual impairment, headache, nausea, vomiting, a variety of neurologic abnormalities, and rapid deterioration of renal function. The pretreatment diastolic blood pressure usually exceeds 130 mm Hg, although occasional patients may have the typical syndrome with lower blood pressure levels. A few patients seem to tolerate equally severe hypertension without ever developing the syndrome, so that it is not possible to predict which patient will develop the typical