tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Majority of panelists on controversial new cholesterol guideline have current or recent ties to drug manufacturers
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The chairman and one of two additional co-chairs of the working panel that wrote the controversial cholesterol guidelines on reducing cardiovascular risk, released last week,1 2 had ties to the drug industry at the time they were asked to lead the panel. And, in all, eight of the 15 panelists had industry ties.

The chairman, Neil J Stone, professor of medicine at the Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, told the BMJ , “When I was asked by NHLBI [the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute] to chair the [cholesterol] panel, I immediately severed ties with all industry connections prior to assuming my role as chair.”

He severed those ties in May 2008. Later he had to complete a disclosure statement regarding financial ties to industry, and in response to the question regarding his ties from 2008 to 2012 he wrote “None.”

David Newman, a physician researcher at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai in New York City, told the BMJ that dropping industry ties on taking up such roles without declaring these previous ties was against the spirit of competing interests declarations.

Stone acknowledged to the BMJ that before being empanelled he had financial ties to Abbott, AstraZeneca, Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, and Schering-Plough, and he had served as a consultant to Abbott, AstraZeneca, Merck, Pfizer, Reliant, Schering-Plough, and Sonaste. All six corporations to which Stone had financial ties make drugs to treat hyperlipidemia. Stone said that he …
A1/A2 polymorphism of glycoprotein IIIa and association with excess procedural risk for coronary catheter interventions: a case-controlled study
Authors: Michael Laule, Ingolf Cascorbi, Verena Stangl, Claudia Bielecke, Klaus D Wernecke, Przemyslaw M Mrozikiewicz, Stephan B Felix, Ivar Roots, Gert Baumann, Karl Stangl
Journal: The Lancet (1999)
Drug and alcohol referrals: are elderly substance abuse diagnoses and referrals being missed?
Authors: E McInnes, J Powell
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> : To examine the diagnosis of problem substance use in hospital inpatients aged 65 years and over and their referral to drug and alcohol services by medical staff. <b>Design</b> : Questionnaire to registrars of house officers caring for patients 65 years of age and over with problem substance use. <b>Setting</b> : 3 hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. <b>Subjects</b> : Medical staff caring for 263 inpatients. <b>Results</b> : Medical staff did not recognise substance misuse in older hospital patients and did not seem to be aware of current recommendations of the National Health and Medical Research Council recommendations for safe use of alcohol and benzodiazepines. Three out of 88 problem users of benzodiazepines, 29 out of 76 smokers, and 33 out of 99 problem drinkers were identified by medical staff. Of those indentified with problems, 2 benzodiazepine users, 6 smokers, and 19 drinkers were considered for referral to drug and alcohol services. <b>Conclusions</b> : Greater awareness of recommendations for dealing with problem use of benzodiazepines and alcohol needs to be promoted among medical staff, along with an increased emphasis in medical education on substance use as a potentially important problem for older people. Drug and alcohol services also need to promote a broader role, particularly in regard to early intervention in a hospital setting for older patients.
Halving the Cost of Anaesthetic Agents
Authors: C. E. Briscoe
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A survey in South Wales has been used to estimate the annual cost of individual anaesthetic drugs used in the National Health Service. Halothane, costing pound900,000, is the most expensive item, followed by oxygen ( pound390,000) and nitrous oxide ( pound350,000). The total cost of drugs used for hospital anaesthetics is estimated to be pound2,300,000, and for dental anaesthetics pound156,000. The drug cost of the average hospital anaesthetic is pound1 3s. and of the average dental anaesthetic 1s. 9d.The provision of liquid oxygen stores could reduce oxygen costs by up to 90%, and the greater use of closed-circuit anaesthesia, with low gas flows, could save pound750,000 annually. The drug cost of an anaesthetic in Cardiff has risen from 8s. 4d. in 1959 to 19s. 10d. in 1968, but costs in Cardiff compare favourably with published figures from other similar centres.
Success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation after heart attack in hospital and outside hospital
Authors: R. F Heller, P. L Steele, J. D Fisher, H. M Alexander, A. J Dobson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To determine factors associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation being attempted after cardiac arrest from myocardial infarction, in or outside hospital, and estimate short term and long term survival rates. <b>Design</b>: Descriptive cross sectional and cohort study. <b>Setting</b>: Community based register of all suspected heart attacks and sudden cardiac deaths in Lower Hunter region of New South Wales, Australia. <b>Subjects</b>: 4924 men and women aged 25-69. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Rates of attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival after successful resuscitation. <b>Results</b>: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was attempted in 41% of cases of cardiac arrest after myocardial infarction outside hospital and 63% of cases in hospital. Survival rates at 28 days were 12% and 39% respectively. Among the survivors, although 41% had another myocardial infarction (or coronary death), 81% of both groups were still alive two years later. Younger and better educated people were more likely to receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation in either setting, and being married predicted cardiopulmonary resuscitation being attempted outside hospital. Younger age predicted better survival rates after attempted resuscitation in hospital. <b>Conclusions</b>: The reasons for better education to predict cardiopulmonary resuscitation being attempted need explanation. The higher survival rate after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospital compared with outside hospital and the good long term prognosis for survivors in both settings suggest that attempts to improve success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation outside hospital may be worth while.
DAB389IL2 diphtheria fusion toxin produces clinical responses in tumor stage cutaneous T cell lymphoma
Authors: Madeleine Duvic, Jennifer Cather, John Maize, Arthur E. Frankel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Four patients with late stage cutaneous T cell lymphoma (IB-IVA) who had failed at least two previous therapies were treated with DAB389IL2 at 9 or 18 microg/kg as 15-min intravenous infusions daily for 5 days every 3 weeks for eight cycles. Mild vascular leak syndrome (VLS) with transient edema, hypoalbuminemia, weight gain, and myalgias was observed in two of the patients lasting 7-10 days and only occurring on the first cycle. One stage IB patient had a pathologic complete remission (CR) lasting 11+ months from treatment initiation, one stage IIB patient had a complete clinical remission (CCR) lasting >6 months with complete clearing of a large tumor lasting >18 months, and one stage IIB and the one stage IVA patient had partial remissions (80-99% reduction in tumor masses) lasting 5 months. While IL2 receptor (IL2R) was expressed on 20-50% of tumor cells prior to therapy, recurrent tumor was IL2R negative in three of the patients. DAB389IL2 at tolerable doses decreased tumor burden in each of these four standard treatment refractory CTCL patients and may offer an important alternative to standard palliative chemotherapy regimens.
CASE OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY.
Authors: J. HENRY BARBAT
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The following case illustrates the necessity of giving apparently trivial symptoms due consideration, and acting without delay if we wish to save our patients from unnecessary and serious risk from hemorrhage. Mr. H. came to my office on Friday evening, Nov. 30, 1900, to ask about his wife's condition. He stated that she had pains and some tenderness in the lower abdomen and had been flowing very slightly every few days for ten days previously. Her menstruation had been regular, but at the last epoch, on November 2, she flowed only for one day, her usual time being three or four days. I called to see her the day following and in addition to the symptoms mentioned found that ten days previously she had had a sudden pain in the abdomen, which was followed by considerable tenderness. Examination showed a soft mass in Douglas' cul-de-sac which could not be definitely
Treatment of Air-raid Casualties
Authors: M. J. Smyth
Journal: BMJ (1940)

for them.Another speaker described vitamin C as the most important constituent of the potato, saying that many people depended on the potato for their entire source of vitamin C. and that if the potato were cut out of the diet, of English people large numbers would develop scurvy.There was a large destruction of vitamin C on steaming.the potato; -as great a loss as 50 per cent. of the ascorbic acid had been noted.In boiling, on the other hand, the destruction was very small-from zero;to 10 per cent. CorrespondenceOwintg to heavy pressure on space, correspondents are asked to miiake their poinits briefly.A -numizber of letters received for pitblication h;ave had to be held over.
Abstract 316: Modifying autophagy through combination treatments as a potential therapeutic strategy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
Authors: Omar G. Ahmed, Wen-Liang Kuo, Tai-Fen Wei, Jeannette S. Messer, Marina Sharifi, Madhavi Nagilla, Kay Macleod, Ezra E.W. Cohen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: Autophagy, a catabolic process, can play a crucial role in cancer cell survival. Modifying this process has shown to be an effective mechanism of inducing cell death. In order to explore this concept, we induced autophagy with one agent (Akt-inhibitor MK-2206), and decreased autophagosomal trafficking with other agents (Paclitaxel and Nocadazole) by disrupting the microtubule networks. We hypothesized that by modifying autophagy through this combination, it would lead to an accumulation of autophagosomes and eventual cell death in a synergistic manner. Methods: SCC 61 and Cal 27 HNSCC cell lines were used to explore this hypothesis. SCC 61 cells were transduced with an m-Cherry GFP LC3B vector in order to detect autophagosomes under both fixed and live cell confocal microscopy. Cell viability and apoptosis assays were performed. A siRNA ATG 7 KO SCC 61 cell line was used to detect if in fact autophagy was important for this therapeutic approach. Results: There was an accumulation of autophagosomes with the combination of an Akt inhibitor and microtubule disrupters. A decrease in fusion of autophagosome to lysosome was seen when cells were treated with an agent, which disrupted the microtubule networks (Paclitaxel) but even more dramatically when treated with the combination (MK-2206 and Paclitaxel). Moreover, accumulation of autophagosomes occurred prior to induction of apoptosis with combination treatment. These effects were decreased with siRNA ATG 7 KO in SCC 61 cells, which were more resistant to combination treatment compared to control. Discussion: Manipulating autophagy with Akt inhibition (induction) and Paclitaxel (decreasing autophagic trafficking) leads to an accumulation of autophagosomes and eventual cell death in a synergistic manner. This therapeutic approach of altering the normal autophagic process warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Omar G. Ahmed, Wen-Liang Kuo, Tai-Fen Wei, Jeannette S. Messer, Marina Sharifi, Madhavi Nagilla, Kay Macleod, Ezra E.W. Cohen. Modifying autophagy through combination treatments as a potential therapeutic strategy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 316. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-316
Is primary biliary cirrhosis a complication of pregnancy?
Authors: Michael W. McDonnell
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Background: Fetal cells can be found in the maternal circulation in most pregnancies.Fetal progenitor cells have been found to persist in the circulation of women many years after childbirth.We tested the hypothesis that microchimerism is involved in the pathogenesis of scleroderma.Scleroderma is of interest because of a strong female predilection, an increased incidence in the years after childbearing, and clinical similarities between scleroderma and chronic graft versus host disease after allogeneic bonemarrow transplantation.We also investigated whether HLA compatibility of a child was associated with the later development of scleroderma in the mother.Methods: We enrolled 40 women who had previously given birth to at least one son-16 healthy controls, 17 scleroderma patients, and seven healthy sisters of patients.We used quantitative PCR to amplify a Y-chromosome-specific sequence in whole peripheral blood from these women.Also 32 controls with 58 children, and 21 scleroderma patients with 47 children were HLA genotyped.Findings: The mean number of male cell DNA equivalents among controls was 0.38 cells per 16 mL whole blood (median 0 [range, 0-2]) and 11.1 (6.0 [range, 0-61]) among scleroderma patients (P ‫؍‬ .0007).Controls' youngest sons were born a mean of 15.4 years previously, and scleroderma patients' sons 18.5 years previously.Some scleroderma patients had concentrations of male DNA higher than those found in most pregnant women.HLA-class II compatibility of a child from the mother's perspective was more common among scleroderma patients than among controls, but was not essential for the persistence of male DNA in maternal peripheral blood.Interpretation: Low concentrations of male DNA can be detected in healthy women decades after the birth of a son.Microchimerism in scleroderma patients could be secondary to the underlying disease.However, the finding that HLA class II compatibility of a child was more common for scleroderma patients than for controls, supports the possibility that microchimerism may be involved in the pathogenesis of scleroderma. COMMENTS
C difficile infections rise—but MRSA rates drop
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The government has admitted that it will have to wait years before it discovers whether there are real productivity gains from the new consultants' contract.NHS leaders also told the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts last week that lessons had been learnt from mistakes made when the contract was introduced, such as not piloting it before implementation.They were giving evidence as part of the committee's inquiry into the consultants' contract.The session was prompted by the publication earlier this month of a report from the government's
The Inseparability of Religion and Politics in the Neoconservative Critique of Biotechnology
Authors: Jeffrey R. Bibbee, A. M. Viens
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

According to Moreno and Berger, in failing to acknowledge their intellectual underpinnings or their implications, the neoconservative critique of biotechnology is “incoherent and even internally in...
Abstract 4563: Mechanism of action of Ibrutinib in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhijian Sun, Dongping Zhou, Min Wei, Lusong Luo
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), accounting for about 5-6% of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is one of the lymphomas with very poor prognosis (median survival 3-5years).Ibrutinib, a newly approved Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, showed remarkable clinical benefits in MCL. However, the mechanism underlining the clinical activity is not well understood. In this study, we identified MCL cell lines that were sensitive and resistant to ibrutinib. We showed that ibrutinib induced G1 cell cycle arrest in sensitive cell lines at 3-day treatment and eventually led to cell death after prolonged compound incubation. Physiologically relevant low concentration of ibrutinib inhibited phosphorylation of IKB(S32), p65/RelA(S536) and nuclear translocation of NF-κB components. Inhibition of NF-κB signaling decreased IRF4 and c-Myc level, which was accompanied with decrease of CDK6 and phosphor-RB (S807/811) level, meanwhile elevated p27/Kip1. Activation of NF-κB pathway with PKC agonist rescued ibrutinib induced G1 cell cycle arrest and eventually attenuated the cell killing effect. IRF4 phospho-RB and CDK6 level were also rescued by PKC agonist. BTK/PKC/NF-κB pathway and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway showed compensatory effect in MCL cell lines. Activating NF-κB pathway with PKC agonist compensated the cell killing effects of idelalisib or everolimus. Additionally, we showed that ibrutinib synergized with idelalisib or everolimus on cell killing of MCL cell lines, suggesting combination therapeutic strategies for MCL. Citation Format: Zhijian Sun, Dongping Zhou, Min Wei, Lusong Luo. Mechanism of action of Ibrutinib in mantle cell lymphoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4563. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4563
NOTE ON CLASS INCIDENCE OF CANCER
Authors: D. Heron
Journal: BMJ (1907)

IN a memoirl on the relationship of fertility in man to social status, recently noticed in the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (December 15th, 1906), I have dealt briefly with the relation of cancer, incidence to social 'status.I have shown that cancer is the one exception' out of the qualities dealt with by me which is associated with a higher social status.The correlations obtained indicate; that the canc6r- rate is highest amongst both men, and women where (1) the birth-rate; is lowest, (2) where the proportion of- professional men in the population is highest, and (3) where most domestic servants are kept.In other words, cancer-appears to be correlated with higher-sooial status.It is perfectly true that these results are only found for the London districts, but it must be remembered that it is in London alone that we are able to trace the cancer deaths to their district of origin, owing to the " correc-
Effects of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents or bare metal stent on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: patient level meta-analysis
Authors: M. Valgimigli, M. Sabate, C. Kaiser, S. Brugaletta, J. M. de la Torre Hernandez, S. Galatius, A. Cequier, F. Eberli, A. de Belder, P. W. Serruys, G. Ferrante
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objectives</b> To examine the safety and effectiveness of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents compared with bare metal stents. <b>Design</b> Individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Cox proportional regression models stratified by trial, containing random effects, were used to assess the impact of stent type on outcomes. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval for outcomes were reported. <b>Data sources and study selection</b> Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials that compared cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents with bare metal stents were selected. The principal investigators whose trials met the inclusion criteria provided data for individual patients. <b>Primary outcomes</b> The primary outcome was cardiac mortality. Secondary endpoints were myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, definite or probable stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularisation, and all cause death. <b>Results</b> The search yielded five randomised controlled trials, comprising 4896 participants. Compared with patients receiving bare metal stents, participants receiving cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents had a significant reduction of cardiac mortality (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.49 to 0.91; P=0.01), myocardial infarction (0.71, 0.55 to 0.92; P=0.01), definite stent thrombosis (0.41, 0.22 to 0.76; P=0.005), definite or probable stent thrombosis (0.48, 0.31 to 0.73; P&lt;0.001), and target vessel revascularisation (0.29, 0.20 to 0.41; P&lt;0.001) at a median follow-up of 720 days. There was no significant difference in all cause death between groups (0.83, 0.65 to 1.06; P=0.14). Findings remained unchanged at multivariable regression after adjustment for the acuity of clinical syndrome (for instance, acute coronary syndrome <i>v</i> stable coronary artery disease), diabetes mellitus, female sex, use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and up to one year <i>v</i> longer duration treatment with dual antiplatelets. <b>Conclusions</b> This meta-analysis offers evidence that compared with bare metal stents the use of cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents improves global cardiovascular outcomes including cardiac survival, myocardial infarction, and overall stent thrombosis.
Epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma cosegregates with a keratin 9 mutation in a pedigree with breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: D. Torchard, C. Blanchet-Bardon, O. Serova, L. Langbein, S. Narod, N. Janin, A.F. Goguel, A. Bernheim, W.W. Franke, G.M. Lenoir, J. Feunteun
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
l-123-IBZM: A CNS D2 RECEPTOR AGENT BIODISTRIBUTION &amp; IMAGING IN HUMANS
Authors: M G Velchik, H F Kung, A Alavi, M P Kung, W Chang, R Noto, S Pan, J Billings, K Sorgentoni, A Rauch, J Reilley
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Velchik, M. G.; Kung, H. F.; Alavi, A.; Kung, M. P.; Chang, W.; Noto, R.; Pan, S.; Billings, J.; Sorgentoni, K.; Rauch, A.; Reilley, J. Author Information
Malpractice claims and physicians' communication patterns
Authors: G. W. Frank
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —Dr Balon raises the possibility that our findings of the relationship between communication and medical malpractice might be different in the era of managed care in which the average length of visits is shorter. While the actual number of minutes in a visit may be shorter in 1997 than in 1992 when the visits were taped, we do not expect this would have changed the significant finding that primary care physicians who had been sued had shorter visits than physicians without a history of prior claims. Furthermore, most physicians report that they do not believe that the audiotaping process changed their communication style, 1 and we think it is unlikely that they talked longer in this study than during normal visits.  Dr Frank suggests that the study findings might be different in the inpatient setting or with particular types of patients such as postoperative patients or patients with chronic disease.
PKC-θ selectively controls the adhesion-stimulating molecule Rap1
Authors: Thomas Letschka, Veronika Kollmann, Christa Pfeifhofer-Obermair, Christina Lutz-Nicoladoni, Gerald J. Obermair, Friedrich Fresser, Michael Leitges, Natascha Hermann-Kleiter, Sandra Kaminski, Gottfried Baier
Journal: Blood (2008)