tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hospitals are told to export their expertise to boost NHS income
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A renewed attempt to encourage the NHS to expand abroad is to be launched by the Department of Health and UK Trade and Investment. Ministers believe that the reputation of hospitals such as Great Ormond Street, the Royal Marsden, and Moorfields Eye Hospital is such that overseas branches, funded through private income or joint ventures, could generate profits to reinvest in the NHS.

Some overseas projects already exist—Moorfields has established a unit in Dubai,1 for example, but a new (and so far unpublished) report, Healthcare UK: Excellence through Partnership , believes there is much more to be done. Lord Howe, the health minister, told the Independent : “It’s about the NHS ethos in a different culture.” Preliminary work overseas “has convinced us that this is a model that will fly. We think this …
Evaluation of Coronary Artery Surgery-One Step Forward
Authors: CHARLES B. MULLINS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Editorials1 March 1973Evaluation of Coronary Artery Surgery-One Step ForwardCHARLES B. MULLINS, M.D., F.A.C.P.CHARLES B. MULLINS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-447 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCoronary artery disease afflicts 5% of the adults in the United States; 3.1 million Americans between ages 18 and 79 definitely have coronary artery disease and another 2.4 million are suspected of having the disease. There are in excess of 1 million myocardial infarctions per year in our country, a mortality rate approaching 40%.The development of aortocoronary venous bypass grafting has provided the potential for immediate revascularization of ischemic myocardium. With such statistics and a technically feasible surgical procedure, it is no wonder that the performance of direct surgical procedures on the coronary vessels has reached almost "epidemic" proportions;...References1. LEPLEYBUCKLEYCARLSON DMR: Cardiovascular disease. Optimal resources for coronary artery surgery. Circulation 46:A-325-A-339, 1972 Google Scholar2. SCANNELLBROWNELLISON JGR: Cardiovascular disease. II. Optimal resources for cardiac surgery. Circulation 44:A-221-A-236, 1971 Google Scholar3. DIMONDKITTLECROCKETT ECJ: Comparison of internal mammary artery ligation and sham operation for angina pectoris. Am J Cardiol 5:483-486, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SCHEIDTASCHEIMKILLIP SRT: Shock after acute myocardial infarction; a clinical and hemodynamic profile. Am J Cardiol 26:556-564, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. DUNKMANLEINBACHBUCKLEY WRM: Clinical and hemodynamic results of intraaortic balloon pumping and surgery for cardiogenic shock. Circulation 46:465-477, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES B. MULLINS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas, Tex. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMedical Perspectives in Coronary Artery Surgery—A CaveatW. BRUCE DUNKMAN, M.D., JOSEPH K. PERLOFF, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOHN A. KASTOR, M.D., F.A.C.P., JAMES C. SHELBURNE, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 March 1973Volume 78, Issue 3Page: 447-448KeywordsCoronary arteriesCoronary artery bypass graftingDeath ratesMyocardial infarctionMyocardiumRevascularizationStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cross-talk of opioid peptide receptor and ?-adrenergic receptor signalling in the heart
Authors: S PEPE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Opioid peptide receptor (OPR) and beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) are well-established members of G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily and are involved in regulating cardiac contractility, energy metabolism, myocyte survival or death. OPRs are typical Gi/Go-coupled receptors and activated by opioid peptides derived from the endorphin, dynorphin and enkephalin families, whereas beta-AR stimulated by catecholamines is the model system for Gs-coupled receptors. While it is widely accepted that beta-AR stimulation serves as the most powerful means to increase cardiac output in response to stress or exercise, we have only begun to appreciate functional roles of OPR stimulation in regulating cardiovascular performance. Cardiovascular regulatory effects of endogenous opioids were initially considered to originate from the central nervous system and involved the pre-synaptic co-release of norepinephrine with enkephalin from sympathetic neuronal terminals in the heart. However, opioid peptides of myocardial origin have been shown to play important roles in local regulation of the heart. Notably, OPR stimulation not only inhibits cardiac excitation-contraction coupling, but also protects the heart against hypoxic and ischemic injury via activation of Gi-mediated signalling pathways. Further, OPRs functionally and physically cross-talk with beta-ARs via multiple hierarchical mechanisms, including heterodimerization of these receptors, counterbalance of functional opposing G protein signalling, and interface at downstream signalling events. As a result, the beta-AR-mediated positive inotropic effect and increase in cAMP are markedly attenuated by OPR activation in isolated cardiomyocytes as well as sympathectomized intact rat hearts. This brief review will focus on the interaction between beta-AR and OPR and its potential physiological and pathophysiological relevance in the heart.
Amalgams and the power of analytical chemistry: Affective science needs to decompose the appraisal-emotion interaction
Authors: David Sander, Klaus R. Scherer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

The issues addressed in this commentary include: (1) the appropriate conceptualization of “appraisal”; (2) the nature and unfolding of emotional episodes over time; (3) the interrelationships between the dynamic elements of the appraisal process and their effects on other emotion components, as well as repercussions on ongoing appraisal in a recursive process; and (4) the use of brain research to constrain and inform models of emotion.
Halogenation and topical corticosteroids: a comparison between the 17-butyrate esters of hydrocortisone and clobetasone in ointment bases
Authors: C. F. ALLENBY, C. G. SPARKES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate), a halogenated topical steroid, was compared with hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1% (Locoid) which does not contain any halogen atoms. In the treatment of eczema there was no difference between the preparations, but in that of psoriasis the halogen‐containing steroid was significantly more effective. Under normal circumstances neither preparation had any detectable effect on adrenal function, but with large doses under total‐body polythene occlusion, circulating cortisol levels were reduced less by the halogenated than by the non‐halogenated preparation. Corticosteroids which contain a halogen atom are often considered to cause more adverse effects than the non‐halogenated preparations with similar clinical efficacy. This study shows that this cannot be assumed for their ability to suppress cortisol levels.
Deafness in acute otitis media.
Authors: J. F. Neil, S. H. Harrison, R. D. Morbey, G. A. Robinson, G. M. Tate, H. T. Tate
Journal: BMJ (1966)

BRuRisH 75 are often diagnosed as manic-depressive psychosis, but our con- clusion is that this is a rather uncommon condition, perhaps occurring in patients with a special constitution and previous personality. SummaryTotal body water and the distribution of electrolytes were studied on two occasions in 22 patients admitted to hospital suffering from mania.Their mood on the day of each test was assessed by doctors' rating and part of the Hildreth scale.On the basis of these assessments the patients were divided into three groups: mania, depression, and normal.The results have also been compared with our previous findings in depres- sion.Total body water and its partition between intracellular water and extracellular water did not change significantly with affective state, but extracellular water was consistently lower than normal in all groups, and this was also found for depressed patients (ill and recovered).Concentrations of sodium, potassium, and chloride in plasma were constant.Residual sodium (intracellular sodium with the addition of a small amount of sodium in bone) was greatly increased in mania.The smaller increment in residual sodium seen in the depressed phase of mania was similar to that found previously in severe depressive illness.Body fat was greater than normal in mania, and was signi- ficantly greater than in the group of depressed subjects.It was concluded that mania is accompanied by similar electrolyte abnormalities to those seen in depression but that the changes in mania are more extreme.The differences in body fat could be a consequence of the illness or they might indicate that there is a constitutional difference between patients suffering from a manic-depressive and a depressive illness.We are most grateful to the physicians of Graylingwell Hospital for their help and for permission to test patients under their care, and also to the sisters and nursing staff for their co-operation.We thank
Acute Iron Poisoning in Children
Authors: David S. Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1971)

A ten-year study of all cases of excessive ingestion of iron compounds seen at two hospitals serving a population of about 400,000 people revealed 27 childhood cases. None of them died, but one experienced moderate morbidity, probably related to therapy with a chelating agent. A rapid method for the detection of iron in excess of the iron-binding capacity was found to be of great value in helping to decide which cases required immediate therapy with a specific chelate and which cases could be managed symptomatically. Therapy was usually begun with lavage of the stomach with a phosphate salt to bind all unabsorbed iron. The chelate deferoxamine mesylate was used only when there was free iron demonstrated in the serum. Most cases recovered with symptomatic therapy.
Permanent loss of awareness is crucial to diagnosis of PVS
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

New guidance on diagnosing and managing patients in the vegetative state were issued this week by the Royal College of Physicians, updating and clarifying guidelines issued in 1996 and correcting apparent inconsistencies in the earlier advice.

The college revised the guidance after the official solicitor, Laurence Oates, passed on a request from Dame Elizabeth Butler-Sloss, president of the High Court's family division, for clarification. Dame Elizabeth presides over cases where court approval is sought for the withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration.

Mr Oates told the BMJ there were a few passages in the Royal College of Physicians' 1996 …
Human nasal mucosal changes after exposure to urban pollution.
Authors: L Calderon-Garcidueñas, A Rodriguez-Alcaraz, R Garcia, G Sanchez, G Barragan, R Camacho, L Ramirez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Millions of people worldwide are living in areas where ozone (O3) concentrations exceed health standards (an hourly average of 235 micrograms/m3/0.12 ppm, not to be exceeded more than once per year). Ozone induces acute nasal inflammatory responses and significant epithelial lesions in experimental animals and humans. To determine the nasal effects of a 15-day exposure to an urban polluted atmosphere with O3 as the main pollutant, we studied a population of healthy, young males newly arrived to southwest metropolitan Mexico City (SWMMC). The study included 49 non-smoking residents in an unpolluted port, Veracruz City; 14 subjects stayed in the port and served as controls, while 35 subjects traveled to SWMMC and had serial nasal lavages at different times after arriving in SWMMC. Subjects had exposures to ambient O3 an average of 10.2 hr/day, with a total cumulative O3 exposure of 10.644 ppm.hr. Nasal inflammatory responses, polymorphonuclear leukocyte PMN-CD11b surface expression, rhinoscopic changes, and respiratory symptoms were evaluated. Exposed subjects had massive nasal epithelial shedding and significant responses in PMN nasal influx (p < 0.00001) and in PMN-CD11b expression (p < 0.05). Cumulative O3 exposure correlated with respiratory symptoms, PMNs (rs = 0.2374, p < 0.01), and CD11b (rs = 0.3094, p < 0.01); 94% of exposed subjects experienced respiratory symptoms, and 97% left the city with an abnormal nasal mucosa by rhinoscopy. Nasal epithelial changes persisted 2 weeks after the exposed subjects returned to their nonpolluted environment. Exposure to an urban polluted atmosphere induces significant and persistent nasal epithelial alterations in healthy subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
OSTEOPONTIN AND OSTEOPROTOGERIN SERUM LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Konstantinos Maniatis, Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitris Tousoulis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Marina Zaromitidou, Stamatios Kioufis, Thodoris Paraskevopoulos, Elias Gialafos, Sevasti Manousakidi, Aris Plastiras, Georgios Marinos, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
TCT-571 A Preliminary Study of Biodegradable Iron Stent in Mini-Swine Coronary Artery
Authors: Chao Wu, Xiaoying Hu, Hong Qiu, Yignmao Ruan, Yue Tang, Aili Wu, Yi Tian, Peng Peng, Yan Chu, Xinlin Xu, Qingzhi Wang, Liang Xu, Bo Xu, Deyuan Zhang, Run-Lin Gao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Should patients be able to pay top-up fees to receive the treatment they want? Yes
Authors: James Gubb
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Decisions not to fund some treatments under the NHS have been vigorously contested. <b>James Gubb</b> argues that patients should be able to buy such treatments privately, but <b>Karen Bloor </b>(doi: 10.1136/bmj.39563.493218.AD)believes this will undermine the whole health system
Substance Abuse and Switch From Depression to Mania in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Joseph F. Goldberg
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2010)

of the Journal, identified an association between current or past substance abuse or dependence in bipolar disorder patients and a greater likelihood for affective polarity switch from depression to mania, hypomania, or mixed state relative to when comorbid substance use disorders were absent (1).Consistent with this finding, previous naturalistic data from a study that I co-authored (2) demonstrated that a history of comorbid alcohol or substance use disorders conferred an approximate 7-fold increased risk in bipolar disorder patients for developing antidepressant-induced mania, regardless of cotherapy with antimanic agents.Using multiple regression, similar findings during antidepressant therapy were reported by Manwani et al. (3).In light of this prior literature, it would have been informative within the STEP-BD database to determine whether the presence or absence of antidepressant use mediated the relationship between a comorbid substance use disorder and affective polarity switch from depression.Although STEP-BD subjects with comorbid substance use disorders were less likely to receive an antidepressant than those without substance use disorders, this comparison in itself does not address the question of whether depressed bipolar subjects with a substance use disorder were more likely to experience a polarity switch in the presence rather than absence of an adjunctive antidepressant.Elsewhere, the STEP-BD randomized acute depression pathway (4) showed no increased risk for mood destabilization with antidepressants among bipolar depressed patients overall, but that investigation has not yet examined whether there may be distinct bipolar subgroups who are prone to affective polarity switch during antidepressant therapy.Insofar as Dr. Ostacher et al. identify bipolar disorder patients with comorbid substance use disorders as especially vulnerable to mood instability, yet no less likely to recover from a depressive episode as those without substance use disorder comorbidity, the potential safety versus efficacy of adjunctive antidepressants in this particular subset of individuals with bipolar depression warrants further examination.
Anti-doping programme in India: testing for major games
Authors: Alka Beotra
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The control of drug abuse in athletes has become a highly specialised, complex task, which requires use of sophisticated testing procedures. National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL) is engaged in the fight against doping since 1990. The anti-doping programme in India is governed by its stringent testing protocol, which is regularly monitored for quality assurance by both National Accreditation Board of Testing and Calibration Laboratories and World Anti-Doping Agency. It is further strengthened by continuous research and training programmes. The year 2010 is very special for NDTL with a target of testing for two major international games. These are Singapore Youth Olympics (14–26 August 2010) and XIX Commonwealth Games (3–14 October 2010). The testing protocol for these major games will include both urine and blood samples. NDTL is ready with its new test methods viz. human growth hormone, erythropoietin, continuous erythropoietin receptor activator, haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier and blood transfusion. It is expected to test a total of 1100 (urine + blood) samples for Singapore Youth Olympic games and 1500 (urine + blood) samples for XIX Commonwealth Games. The aim of NDTL for these two major games is to provide fool-proof testing programmes that will achieve both deterrence and detection with athlete's concerns in mind and a results management system that is both fair and time bound. The presentation will focus on the various strategies of the action plan so as to set a milestone of excellence.
Production and characterization of a cytotoxic monoclonal antibody reacting with rat islet cells.
Authors: M A Crump, R Scearce, M Dobersen, W Kortz, G S Eisenbarth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

We have produced a murine monoclonal antibody (F43 A1D2) that binds to the cell surface of both rat islet tumor cells (RINm clone 5F and RINm clone 14B) and normal rat islet cells. This antibody is cytotoxic in the presence of complement for RIN tumor cells as well as A, B, and D pancreatic polypeptide rat islet cells. Antibody A1D2 does not bind to rat thymus cells, pancreatic acinar cells, or fibroblasts. Antigen A1D2 (termed ICSAn-1 [islet cell surface antigen 1]) is a trypsin-sensitive glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 24,000 daltons. In addition to purification of its islet cell antigen, antibody A1D2 can be used to identify and isolate living islet cells from pancreatic digests.
Degradation of Lung Adenoma Susceptibility 1, a Major Candidate Mouse Lung Tumor Modifier, Is Required for Cell Cycle Progression
Authors: Yan Liu, Haris G. Vikis, Yijun Yi, Manabu Futamura, Yian Wang, Ming You
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract We have previously identified murine lung adenoma susceptibility 1 (Las1) as the pulmonary adenoma susceptibility 1 candidate gene. Las1 has two natural alleles, Las1-A/J and Las1-B6. Las1 encodes an 85-kDa protein with uncharacterized biological function. In the present study, we report that Las1 is an unstable protein and the rapid destruction of Las1 depends on the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Las1 is a new microtubule-binding protein and Las1 associated with tubulin is not ubiquitinated. We further show that Las1-A/J is a more stable protein than Las1-B6. Las1 is expressed in the G2 phase of the cell cycle and that ubiquitin-proteasome–mediated Las1 destruction occurs in mitosis. Overexpression of Las1-A/J inhibits normal E10 cell proliferation and induces a defective cytokinesis. The differential degradation of Las1-A/J and Las-B6 has important implications for its intracellular function and may eventually explain Las1-A/J in lung tumorigenesis. [Cancer Res 2007;67(21):10207–13]
Effect of Intrauterine Silk Thread Suture on Fertility of Female Rats
Authors: R. R. Chaudhury, T. K. Tarak
Journal: BMJ (1965)

ConclusionsWe have noted no other similarities in our cases, but the manufacturers have been searching for some cause.The possi- bility of some reagent used in the sterilization of the syringes causing instability of the iron dextran complex has been sug- gested, but seems unlikely.However, until the problem can be solved, this method of iron therapy has been suspended.It certainly has many advantages, but we have noted that oral iron, with sufficient coercion of the patient, will give satisfac- tory haemoglobin levels in the great majority ; the remainder appear to be those who have a folic-acid deficiency in addition to their iron deficiency. SummaryOne hundred and fifty maternity patients were treated with intravenous Imferon by the total-dose-infusion technique.Thirteen reactions occurred, of which seven were severe and demanded emergency treatment.All those who suffered reac- tions were later safely delivered of healthy infants.All the babies were girls.No reactions occurred in any of 22 post- natal patients treated.In view of the reactions, treatment by this method was suspended.We were unable to discover the cause for the reactions.This account is published in order to point out that, despite the reported safety of this method, such was not our experience.We wish to thank Mr. George Winchester and Miss J. M
H1N1 vaccination begins as proportion of cases in hospital admitted to intensive care rises
Authors: S. Cook
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The swine flu vaccination programme will begin on Wednesday 21 October, when the first vaccines are distributed to acute trusts for use in “very high risk” patients and healthcare professionals, the chief medical officer Liam Donaldson has announced.

At the Department of Health briefing of 15 October, Professor Donaldson said that he was worried by the fact that the proportion of patients admitted to hospital who are going into intensive care has risen from one in eight to one in five.

He said that the Pandemrix vaccine (GlaxoSmithKline) will reach acute trusts on 21 October and general practices and mental health trusts on 26 October. Celvapan (Baxter) will be distributed from 26 October and will be reserved for patients in priority groups with anaphylactic reactions to egg. …
Alternatives to State Hospitalization for the Geriatric Mentally Ill
Authors: LEON J. EPSTEIN, ALEXANDER SIMON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Three years ago a geriatric screening unit was established in San Francisco to reduce state hospital commitments of elderly psychiatric patients by utilizing alternative community resources. In the present study the authors examined one year later the status of patients for whom alternatives—largely nursing homes—were found and compared this status with that of geriatric patients treated in 1959, principally in state mental hospitals. A conclusion as to the clear-cut superiority of these alternatives over state hospitalization does not yet appear justified.