tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adenosine Triphosphate-Dependent Transport of Leukotriene C4 by Membrane Vesicles Prepared From Cisplatin-Resistant Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Tumor Cells
Authors: R. Fujii, M. Mutoh, T. Sumizawa, Z.-s. Chen, A. Yoshimura, S.-i. Akiyama
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Cisplatin accumulation is decreased in many cisplatin-resistant cells. An active efflux pump for cisplatin exists in cisplatin-resistant human epidermoid carcinoma cells (called KB cells). A previous study has suggested that the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump (GS-X pump), which exports the bis-(glutathionato)-platinum (II) (GS-platinum) complex, could contribute to cellular resistance to cisplatin.In this study, we examined whether the active efflux pump for cisplatin in the cisplatin-resistant KB cells is the GS-X pump and tested its activity by using an endogenous substrate, [3H]leukotriene C4 ([3H]LTC4).Membrane vesicles were prepared from KB-3-1 (clone from parental KB cells) cells and from cisplatin-resistant KCP-4 (a mutant clone derived from KB-3-1 cells) cells. Using a filtration technique, we measured the uptake and transport of [3H]LTC4, a substrate for the GS-X pump, into membrane vesicles at 37 degrees C.The uptake of [3H]LTC4 in the membrane vesicles from both the KB-3-1 and KCP-4 cells was ATP-dependent. In contrast, the ATP-dependent transport of [3H]LTC4 was observed only in KCP-4 membrane vesicles but not in KB-3-1 membrane vesicles. The ATP-dependent transport was vanadate sensitive and was inhibited by GS-platinum complex but only marginally by cisplatin and glutathione and not by vincristine or verapamil. The nucleotide triphosphates, guanosine triphosphate, cytidine triphosphate, uridine triphosphate, and deoxythymidine triphosphate could be substituted for ATP but were less efficient. A nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue, adenosine 5'-(beta,gamma-methylene) triphosphate, was not effective.The transport of LTC4 in membrane vesicles prepared from KCP-4 cells was facilitated by an ATP-dependent pump that appeared very similar to the GS-X pump.Our study suggests that the GS-X pump is involved in the decreased accumulation of cisplatin in KCP-4 cells.
Relapse, Remission, and Progression in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: W. Ian McDonald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of severe neurologic disability in adults of northern European origin. At postmortem examination, the cardinal pathological features are multiple areas of focal loss of myelin with relative preservation of axons, a variable amount of inflammation, and astrocytic gliosis. There is general agreement that multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder, although recent studies have raised the possibility that there is more than one pathway to the final pathological changes and that different pathways may predominate in different clinical forms of multiple sclerosis.1 What are the characteristics of the different forms of multiple sclerosis? At . . .
Direct effects of estrogen on the vessel wall
Authors: Andrea Cignarella, Rodolfo Paoletti, Lina Puglisi
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2001)

The understanding of the biological effects of estrogen on the vessel wall has improved dramatically since the discovery of estrogen receptors (ERs). Most, but not all estrogen-mediated effects in blood vessels are thought to be mediated by ERs. Two major ER subclasses have been characterized so far: the ERα and the more recently described ERβ. This review will primarily focus on a new perspective that highlights ERs as essential mediators of the vascular effects of estrogen. In view of the rising research interest in this area, it can be also expected that tissue- and ER subclass-selective agonists and antagonists will be developed over the next few years, thus providing invaluable tools for pharmacological and clinical applications. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 2, 171–184, 2001
TCT-465 Drug-Eluting Balloon in the Treatment of Instent Restenosis and Diffuse Coronary Artery Disease; Real World Experience from a Single Center Registry
Authors: Sandeep Basavarajaiah, Azeem Latib, Tasuku Hasegawa, Alessandro Sticchi, Letizia Bertoldi, Toru Naganuma, Charis Costopoulos, Filippo Figini, Mauro Carlino, Alaide Chieffo, Matteo Montorfano, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
THE ALLOGENEIC EFFECT IN INBRED MICE
Authors: David P. Osborne, David H. Katz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

The studies presented herein were designed to directly evaluate the effects of a transient GVH reaction on T lymphocyte functions. To this end, we have shown that generation of carrier-specific helper cell function can be significantly influenced by the allogeneic effect. Thus, carrier-primed helper cells derived from CAF(1) donor mice were generally much more active in specifically cooperating with syngeneic 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-primed B cells in adoptive recipients when parental A strain lymphocytes had been administered at some time during the priming regimen. This was true when allogeneic cells were administered concomitantly with the initial priming dose of carrier protein as well as when the GVH was induced in animals that had been exposed to antigen several days previously. This indicates that the allogeneic enhancing effects can be manifested on either primed or unprimed T cell populations. The ultimate effect of the GVH reaction on the development of helper T cell activity was found to be related to the number of allogeneic cells employed and the duration of the resultant GVH reaction in the carrier-primed host animal. Hence, allogeneic stimulation of slightly greater magnitude and/or longer duration resulted in marked suppression rather than enhancement of helper cell function in such donor mice. These findings may have general relevance to problems in autoimmune diseases and tumor immunity.
Neuropathy Due to Furaltadone
Authors: William H. Mast
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

FURALTADONE, a synthetic nitrofuran derivative,1 was introduced in 1959 as an antibacterial agent. Reported side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, vesicular and papular rashes, fever, chills and transient diplopia2 due to bilateral paresis of the lateral rectus muscles. Recently, a patient was treated with the drug,‡ 21 gm. in three courses, and the onset of diarrhea and severe burning sensation in the hands and feet, associated with skin hypersensitivity, were belatedly recognized as prodromal symptoms of extensive drug toxicity. It seems that further studies on the exact mechanism of the action of this drug would be worth while.Case Report . . .
Ustekinumab significantly improves symptoms of anxiety, depression, and skin-related quality of life in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial
Authors: Richard G. Langley, Steven R. Feldman, Chenglong Han, Brad Schenkel, Philippe Szapary, Ming-Chun Hsu, Jean-Paul Ortonne, Kenneth B. Gordon, Alexa B. Kimball
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2010)
Abstract 4887: Automated imprint cytology evaluation for surgical margin determination
Authors: Manuel E. Ruidiaz, Maria J. Cortes-Mateos, Sergio Sandoval, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez, Andrew C. Kummel, Sarah L. Blair
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Breast conservation therapy (BCT) has been shown to have equal survival efficacy to total mastectomy and provides improved cosmesis. This has resulted in BCT being the preferred treatment of choice for localized tumors. BCT, however, results in about 25-50% of procedures with positive margin status which most likely require a second surgery to remove the remaining tumor mass. These second surgeries inhibit the healing process, reduce cosmesis and increase the risk of complications. Intra-operative determination of margin status has been previously demonstrated using imprint cytology (IC) of tumor margin faces with 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity, but this method requires an experienced cytopathologist and is prone to error if not done meticulously due to the difficulty of searching for cancer cells on large slides. Therefore the requirement for an automated imprint cytology analysis system is acute. Methods: Hematoxylin and eosine (H&amp;E) stained imprint cytology specimens were scanned at 40X on an iScan Coreo Au (BioImagene, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). Resultant digital images were used to train a linear discriminant algorithm to classify between cancer cells, white blood cells, and debris/junk particles. A unique combination of shape, color and local area descriptors was applied to allow for automated discrimination in a fast parallelized fashion to facilitate intra-operative use. The 16 specimen training set as determined by permanent section consisted of 5 positive, 3 close and 8 negative margins. The resulting classifier was then used on a separate testing set of 8 positive cases (46 IC specimens) as previously determined by permanent section (6 cases) or manual imprint cytology (2 cases) evaluation. Results: Automated evaluation of 46 IC specimens yielded 9 positive specimens in 4 cases. Of the 6 positive permanent section specimens, 2 were confirmed by automated analysis. 2 cases that were deemed negative by permanent section but positive by manual permanent section had 100% agreement. On aggregate, a 50% positive margin identification rate was observed. Conclusion: Automated margin analysis has an enhanced ability to reduce the number of second surgeries by identifying positive margins during the initial surgery. The ability to quickly determine margin status is necessary for intra-operative use and we believe that by taking advantage of the iScan Coreo Au slide scanner's ability to change magnification while scanning will provide us with the necessary analysis times. In the future we will integrate this advanced analysis system into an automated intra-operative evaluation tool. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4887. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4887
Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis as a Cause of Central Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Hiroo Imura, Kazuwa Nakao, Akira Shimatsu, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Takehiro Sando, Ichiro Fujisawa, Hirohiko Yamabe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Central diabetes insipidus may be familial, secondary to hypothalamic or pituitary disorders, or idiopathic. Idiopathic central diabetes insipidus is characterized by selective hypofunction of the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system, but its cause is unknown.
Identification of the antifibrogenic properties of silibinin: Effect on TGF-? and matrix gene expression of hepatic stellate cells
Authors: E FUCHS
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Oral Silibinin (SIL) is widely used for treatment of hepatitis C, but its efficacy is unclear. Substantially higher doses can be administered intravenously (IV).Pedigreed nonresponders to full-dose pegylated (Peg)-interferon/ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) were studied. First, 16 patients received 10 mg/kg/day SIL IV (Legalon Sil; Madaus, Köln, Germany) for 7 days. In a subsequent dose-finding study, 20 patients received 5, 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg/day SIL for 14 days. In both protocols, PegIFNα-2a/RBV were started on day 8. Viral load was determined daily.Unexpectedly, in the first study, HCV-RNA declined on IV SIL by 1.32 ± 0.55 log (mean ± SD), P < .001 but increased again in spite of PegIFN/RBV after the infusion period. The viral load decrease was dose dependent (log drop after 7 days SIL: 0.55 ± 0.5 [5 mg/kg, n = 3], 1.41 ± 0.59 [10 mg/kg, n = 19], 2.11 ± 1.34 [15 mg/kg, n = 5], and 3.02 ± 1.01 [20 mg/kg, n = 9]; P < .001), decreased further after 7 days combined SIL/PegIFN/RBV (1.63 ± 0.78 [5 mg/kg, n = 3], 4.16 ± 1.28 [10 mg/kg, n = 3], 3.69 ± 1.29 [15 mg/kg, n = 5], and 4.85 ± 0.89 [20 mg/kg, n = 9]; P < .001), and became undetectable in 7 patients on 15 or 20 mg/kg SIL, at week 12. Beside mild gastrointestinal symptoms, IV SIL monotherapy was well tolerated.IV SIL is well tolerated and shows a substantial antiviral effect against HCV in nonresponders.
Vascular disease: an amateur observation
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Medicine wants to take the credit for the steep decline in vascular disease through the management of “risk factors.” But the constant gradient of decline since 1950 cannot be explained away in these terms, because such medical intervention began in earnest only in the early 1990s. Also, a litany of unexplainable paradoxes remains. For example, in France the death rate from vascular disease is a quarter of that in the United Kingdom, but France has higher rates of smoking and commensurate cholesterol and blood pressure profiles. UK citizens of south Asian origin …
LOW IN-TREATMENT HDL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS STRONGLY PREDICT SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: THE LIFE STUDY
Authors: Peter M. Okin, Darcy Hille, Kristian Wachtell, Sverre Kjeldsen, Lars Lindholm, Bjorn Dahlof, Richard Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Introduction to the Third World Congress on Controversies to Consensus in Diabetes, Obesity and Hypertension (CODHy)
Authors: Itamar Raz, Stefano Del Prato
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

The recent increase in the number and variety of pharmacological agents for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension has created enormous challenges that in the past were unknown in clinical practice. These therapies aim to modify complex underlying pathologies, but do they ultimately promote health and prolong lives? The practicing clinician faces the daunting task of balancing the benefits of such therapies against their potential risks in the short and long term.

It is well known that along with reaching therapeutic targets and modifying pathologies, each therapy has side effects. One typical example is that of antidiabetes medications, which can lead to weight gain and hypoglycemia while requiring close monitoring that affects the patient’s quality of life and raises the cost of treatment. Lately, the “art” of treating diabetes has presented physicians with particularly complex decisions concerning side effects. Studies published in the years 2007–2010 have shown that drugs can positively affect surrogate markers in the short term but prove to be damaging in the long term because of known as well as still unrecognized side effects (1,2). In other words, a short-term positive response to therapy does not necessarily entail a positive outcome in the long term. As for new drugs, such as those from the incretin family, the risk of acute pancreatitis has not yet definitively been ruled out and these drugs have yet to be evaluated for other risks as well as cardiovascular safety.

Challenging decisions also concern the appropriate degree of modification for pathologies commonly associated with diabetes. Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that obesity and hypertension, as well as fasting and, particularly, postprandial hyperglycemia, are associated with late micro- and macrovascular complications, hence the pursuit of near-normalization of these parameters. This indication may, however, not be valid for every diabetic patient, as recent …
Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia, and Risk of Testicular Cancer
Authors: Andreas Pettersson, Lorenzo Richiardi, Sven Cnattingius, Magnus Kaijser, Olof Akre
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Altered levels of pregnancy hormones have been suggested to initiate testicular cancer prenatally in the male fetus. The placenta is the main source of pregnancy hormones, and pregnancy hypertension and preeclampsia are associated with placental malfunction, including altered levels of hormones such as estrogen and human chorionic gonadotropin. We therefore evaluated fetal exposure to pregnancy hypertension and preeclampsia in relation to risk of testicular cancer in adolescent and adult life. We identified 293 cases of germ cell testicular cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register, and 861 controls in the Swedish Medical Birth Register. The standardized antenatal and delivery charts of the cases and controls were traced in the archives of the delivery units, and information about maternal and pregnancy characteristics such as gestational hypertension, proteinuria, anemia, and glucosuria were extracted. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. We found a strongly decreased risk of testicular cancer among subjects exposed to severe gestational hypertension (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.12–0.74, compared with no hypertension), whereas the risk was increased among those exposed to mild gestational hypertension (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.98–2.69) during the fetal period. The mechanism behind the association between pregnancy hypertension and testicular cancer is unclear, but our findings may reflect a potentially protective effect of the altered pregnancy hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin that occur in severe gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. [Cancer Res 2008;68(21):8832–6]
"BURNS AND THE SUPRARENALS"
Authors: Harry M. Greenwald
Journal: JAMA (1926)

To the Editor:  —In your editorial comment on  and the Suprarenals (The Journal, October 16), you cite the work of Hartman, Rose and Smith, published in the September issue of the American Journal of Physiology , in relation to an increased output of epinephrine from the suprarenals within a few minutes after the production of burns. May I call your attention to the May issue of the American Journal of the Medical Sciences , in which my article The Pathogenesis of Death from Burns appears. In this article I clearly demonstrate that an increase in epinephrine output occurs immediately after burns, which is later followed by a decrease. Definite pathologic changes in the suprarenals are also reported.
COMPLICATIONS IN INJECTIONS OF VARICOSE VEINS
Authors: G. D. Brand
Journal: JAMA (1934)

To the Editor:—  In Queries and Minor Notes inThe Journal, October 6, page 1088, a New York physician tells of having injected 3 or 4 minims (0.2 cc.) of 5 per cent sodium morrhuate into a leg vein and having the vein suddenly disintegrate, allowing the solution to become free in the tissues. Following this an ulcer developed. I too am at a loss to know what he means by a sudden disintegration of the vein. In my seven years experience in this work, neither in my clinic nor in my private work have I ever seen such an occurrence. During the past year and a half we have used several hundred cubic centimeters of 5 per cent sodium morrhuate in my clinic without a slough. There have been several cases in which at least 0.1 to 0.2 cc. has been deposited in the tissues incident to the various
Do We Really Need to Know?
Authors: Annemarie Jutel, Lynn McBain
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perforation of Interventricular Septum After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: R. J. Harrison, J. P. Shillingford, G. T. Allen, D. Teare
Journal: BMJ (1961)

BEDICA JomusNAL diagnosed as winter vomiting disease.I have noticed similar disturbances of the gastro-intestinal tract in small children undergoing poliovirus infection. SummaryVirological studies are reported on cases of infections of the central nervous system during a two-year period.Poliovirus type 1 was dominant during 1959, whereas Coxsackie viruses types B2 and B5 were more commonly isolated in 1960.In 1959 62 paralytic cases occurred.From 53 of these, viruses were isolated, all polioviruses.In contrast, in 1960, from 24 paralytic cases 21 virus isolations were made but only 17 (81%) of these were polioviruses; the rest (19%) were Coxsackie virus types B2 and B5.In aseptic meningitis, virus diagnosis was made in less than half the patients.In 1959 Coxsackie, Echo, and mumps viruses caused almost as many cases as did poliovirus, and during 1960 Coxsackie viruses were responsible for most.During both years mumps caused about 10% of cases.Cases of unusual symptomatology associated with Coxsackie infection are described.These include not only paralysis but also meningo-encephalitis and rash.In young children there were cases of myocarditis, croup, and a number of indeterminate but severe illnesses difficult to diagnose clinically.
ON THE ENZYMATIC HYPOTHESIS OF RADIOSENSITIVITY
Authors: S. E. Luria
Journal: JAMA (1941)

To the Editor:—  An editorial comment (The Journal, September 20, p. 1020) discussed some observations by W. M. Dale: The Effect of X-Rays on Enzymes, Biochem. J.  34: 1367 [Nov.] 1940) on the roentgen inactivation of purified enzymes in dilute solution. Under these conditions a large fraction of the activity of the specimen could be destroyed by doses of radiation even smaller than those used in radiotherapy.  The hypothesis that cellular damage produced by roentgen rays may be a consequence of the inactivation of intracellular enzymes has recently been regarded as untenable because of the enormous doses required for inactivation in experiments with crude concentrated enzyme preparations. The results of Dale with purified enzymes have again brought forth the suggestion that enzyme destruction in cells may after all play a part in determining the sensitivities of different tissues to roentgen rays.  In this connection it is interesting to consider some