tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proteinuria, not altered albumin metabolism, affects hyperlipidemia in the nephrotic rat.
Authors: R W Davies, I Staprans, F N Hutchison, G A Kaysen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

It has been established previously that nephrotic hyperlipidemia is characterized by both an increase in lipid synthesis and a defect in removal of lipoproteins. The relationship between these defects and altered albumin metabolism is uncertain. One hypothesis is that hepatic lipogenesis increases in parallel with albumin synthesis. To test this hypothesis, albumin synthesis was increased in nephrotic rats fed an 8.5% protein diet (LPN) by increasing dietary protein to 40% (HPN). Proteinuria was modulated in half of the rats fed 40% protein by enalapril (HPE). Albumin synthesis was the same in both HPN and HPE, but proteinuria was reduced in HPE compared to HPN, and so were serum cholesterol and triglycerides (TG). To examine the effect of serum albumin on lipid clearance in the absence of proteinuria, plasma clearance of chylomicrons (CM) and VLDL was measured in Nagase analbuminemic rats (NAR) and found to be no different than in normal SD rats. When proteinuria was induced in NAR and in SD rats, a severe and identical defect in both CM and VLDL clearance was acquired in both groups and blood lipid levels were increased to a similar degree in both groups. Neither hyperlipidemia nor defective removal of lipoproteins from the circulation are linked to albumin synthesis or serum albumin concentration but result, at least in part, from proteinuria. Postheparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was reduced slightly in nephrotic animals compared to nonnephrotic controls, but the most striking finding was a highly significant decrease in postheraprin LPL activity in normal NAR compared to SD rats (P less than 0.001), suggesting that reduced LPL activity is not responsible for reduced clearance of CM and VLDL in nephrotic rats.
A quality-guided displacement tracking algorithm for ultrasonic elasticity imaging
Authors: Lujie Chen, Graham M. Treece, Joel E. Lindop, Andrew H. Gee, Richard W. Prager
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2008)

Displacement estimation is a key step in the evaluation of tissue elasticity by quasistatic strain imaging. An efficient approach may incorporate a tracking strategy whereby each estimate is initially obtained from its neighbours' displacements and then refined through a localized search. This increases the accuracy and reduces the computational expense compared with exhaustive search. However, simple tracking strategies fail when the target displacement map exhibits complex structure. For example, there may be discontinuities and regions of indeterminate displacement caused by decorrelation between the pre- and post-deformation radio frequency (RF) echo signals. This paper introduces a novel displacement tracking algorithm, with a search strategy guided by a data quality indicator. Comparisons with existing methods show that the proposed algorithm is more robust when the displacement distribution is challenging.
The Psychiatrist as a Member of the Emergency Room Team
Authors: JACK ZUSMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Increasing emphasis upon secondary prevention (early case-finding and treatment) has encouraged the setting up of walk-in or emergency psychiatric facilities where people in crisis can find immediate help. One promising alternative to the creation of separate clinics for such services is the addition of a psychiatrist to the general hospital emergency room staff. This arrangement also offers the opportunity for the psychiatrist to establish closer liaison between medical and psychiatric services in the hospital.
NURSES AND NURSING
Authors: George C. Stimpson
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a recent issue I noticed an article by Dr. Abt regarding nurses. I agree fully with him. Twice within the last year I have had nurses who came on cases without even a hypodermic. I lent them each one and failed to have them returned. In twelve cases, only one nurse had printed records. In most instances the nurse fails to take any interest in her patient or her records. I believe the fault belongs to three causes: lack of interest, no pride in registry, and too much money. A few years ago I received much better service when nurses came directly from the hospital. They displayed more pride in their work, their hospital and themselves. Since the eight hour service in hospitals was inaugurated there has been more chance existing to pass the buck from one shift to another. The large registries, more money and
Recommendations on syncope and driving must be observed
Authors: J. Clare
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Maas et al showed that the adherence of patients with syncope to driving recommendations was poor, despite most patients remembering the advice given by the doctor.1 Although the frequency of accidents was shown to be low in this group of patients, the legal position remains that patients should not drive after syncope. The doctor has a duty to inform the patient that driving should cease and the patient has a duty to act on that advice. …
Human Developmental Genetics
Authors: Robert A. Goyer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This latest monograph by Dr. Hsia takes a somewhat wider view of human genetics than most books in this field. The conventional topics of biochemical genetics and inborn errors of metabolism are supplemented with some introductory concepts of developmental embryology. This broader approach serves to emphasize the importance of genetic-environmental relationships. The eventual phenotype of a newly conceived infant comes under a variety of influences apart from the composition of his chromosomes. The introductory chapter reviews the biochemical background for transmission of genetic information, such as the structure of the gene and cell division. In this chapter there are also two small but interesting sections dealing with developmental embryology. One of these considers the role of ribonucleic acid metabolism and factors which regulate protein synthesis in the fertilized egg. Another section entitled "Morphogenesis and Organogenesis" deals with the organization of cells as they develop from the small group stage to
Conservatives, liberals, and “the negative”
Authors: Evan Charney
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract The authors connect conservatism with aversion to negativity via the tendentious use of the language of threats to characterize conservatism, but not liberalism. Their reliance upon an objective conception of the negative ignores the fact that much of the disagreement between liberals and conservatives is over whether or not one and the same state of affairs is negative or positive.
Pharyngeal Gonorrhea-Reply
Authors: Virginia L. Rodriguez
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> An effort was made to inform the local public health officials about the women with positive culture results, genital or pharyngeal. As a Department of Defense agency in another country, we are unable to provide care for the local population except in cases of extreme emergency. The treatment rendered by the local officials is done on a weekly basis depending on the results of the cultures taken a week earlier. Most of the women were followed up long enough to determine that they were culture negative. However, because of the transient nature of the population, not all of the women could be located in the following weeks. This might be more forgiveable when one thinks in terms of the entire set of cultures one was dealing with. The hospital at Clark AFB provided microbiologic support for the local public health official and would routinely do from 3,000 to
Unraveling the Molecular Pathophysiology of Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Rafael Bejar, Ross Levine, Benjamin L. Ebert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Somatically acquired genetic abnormalities lead to the salient features that define myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): clonal hematopoiesis, aberrant differentiation, peripheral cytopenias, and risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Although specific karyotypic abnormalities have been linked to MDS for decades, more recent findings have demonstrated the importance of mutations within individual genes, focal alterations that are not apparent by standard cytogenetics, and aberrant epigenetic regulation of gene expression. The spectrum of genetic abnormalities in MDS implicates a wide range of molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of these disorders, including activation of tyrosine kinase signaling, genomic instability, impaired differentiation, altered ribosome function, and changes in the bone marrow microenvironment. Specific alterations present in individual patients with MDS may explain much of the heterogeneity in clinical phenotype associated with this disease and can predict prognosis and response to therapy. Elucidation of the full complement of genetic causes of MDS promises profound insight into the biology of the disease, improved classification and prognostic scoring schemes, and the potential for novel targeted therapies with molecular predictors of response.
US patients get faster access to botulinum toxin than for suspicious mole checks
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

It's quicker to arrange an appointment with a dermatologist for a cosmetic injection of botulinum toxin than for one to check potentially malignant changes in a skin mole, US research has shown. Two studies reported a year apart in the Journal of American Academic Dermatology have shown differences in waiting times for dermatology appointments.

In the latest study researchers posing as patients telephoned 898 dermatologists in 12 metropolitan areas to ask for a botulinum toxin injection (2007 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.07.020). Half offered appointments within a median of eight days. In comparison, a study …
A comparison of responses to bronchodilator drugs in chronic bronchitis and chronic asthma
Authors: G. K. Crompton
Journal: Thorax (1968)

Isoprenaline by inhalation, adrenaline by inhalation, subcutaneous adrenaline, intravenous aminophylline, and subcutaneous atropine were administered to two groups of 18 patients suffering from either chronic bronchitis or chronic asthma using a Latin square design. Prednisolone was then given to both groups of patients for six days. The responses to the drugs were assessed by recording the F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub> before and 20 minutes after the administration of the short-acting drugs and daily during the period of prednisolone therapy. No significant differences were found between the responses to the short-acting antispasmodic drugs in the group of patients suffering from chronic bronchitis and only an insignificant improvement in the mean F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub> occurred during the period of prednisolone administration. Significant differences between mean responses to the anti-spasmodic drugs of the group of patients suffering from chronic asthma were observed. The mean F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub> response following subcutaneous adrenaline was 44%, which was significantly better than the 23·7% improvement after adrenaline inhalation (p=0·005) and the mean improvement in F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub> of 17·1% after subcutaneous atropine sulphate (p=0·001). A dramatic improvement in the mean F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub> of 49·5% occurred after six days of prednisolone administration. It is tentatively suggested that a good response to subcutaneous adrenaline and a poor response to subcutaneous atropine, as judged by improvement in the F.E.V.<sub>1·0</sub>, may be an indication that a good response to prednisolone can be expected in wheezy patients.
THE PROBLEM OF MALIGNANCY
Authors: A. E. BARCLAY
Journal: JAMA (1925)

"By Doubting we come to Truth." —Cicero. "Who never doubted, never half believed, Where doubt, there Truth is." —P. J. Bailey. The history of medicine during the last century is one of the great romances of the world, corresponding to that wonderful epoch in history when Columbus set forth on his voyage of discovery and the Portuguese, rounding the Cape of Good Hope, found their way to India and the East. As in the sixteenth century, so today in medicine, whole new worlds have been opened up by those who, using the microscope and laboratory methods as their vessel of discovery, have navigated and charted the new worlds of science. Once more, as when the Spanish and Portuguese divided the known and unknown world between them, there is a dividing line, imaginary, no doubt; and, on the one side, we have the possessions and observations of the old order of
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-β availability to regulate cutaneous stem cell proliferation
Authors: Emanuel Rognoni, Moritz Widmaier, Madis Jakobson, Raphael Ruppert, Siegfried Ussar, Despoina Katsougkri, Ralph T Böttcher, Joey E Lai-Cheong, Daniel B Rifkin, John A McGrath, Reinhard Fässler
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Failure of Metronidazole to Cure Hepatic Amebic Abscess
Authors: Frank M. Griffin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

METRONIDAZOLE (Flagyl) is an effective therapeutic agent for both amebic colitis and hepatic amebic abscess.1 2 3 4 5 6 Treatment failure of hepatic abscess has not been described. This case report represents such a failure.Case ReportA 19-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever and vomiting. Chills and fever had begun 4 days earlier, followed by epigastric discomfort and vomiting. All symptoms persisted until the time of admission. While in Vietnam 1 year previously, he had intermittent bloody diarrhea for which no cause was found and no treatment given. After 4 months the diarrhea ceased and did not recur.Physical . . .
Which patients with primary biliary cirrhosis or primary sclerosing cholangitis should undergo endoscopic screening for oesophageal varices detection?
Authors: B Bressler
Journal: Gut (2005)

Maintenance of neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury crucially depends on the phosphorylation of GluN2B, a subunit of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, at Tyr1472 (Y1472) and subsequent formation of a postsynaptic density (PSD) complex of superficial spinal dorsal horn neurons. Here we took advantage of comparative proteomic analysis based on isobaric stable isotope tags (iTRAQ) between wild-type and knock-in mice with a mutation of Y1472 to Phe of GluN2B (Y1472F-KI) to search for PSD proteins in the spinal dorsal horn that mediate the signaling downstream of phosphorylated Y1472 GluN2B. Among several candidate proteins, we focused on brain-enriched guanylate kinase-associated protein (BEGAIN), which was specifically up-regulated in wild-type mice after spared nerve injury (SNI). Immunohistochemical analysis using the generated antibody demonstrated that BEGAIN was highly localized at the synapse of inner lamina II in the spinal dorsal horn and that its expression was up-regulated after SNI in wild-type, but not in Y1472F-KI, mice. In addition, alteration of the kinetics of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents for NMDA but not those for α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors in spinal lamina II was demonstrated by BEGAIN deletion. We demonstrated that mechanical allodynia, a condition of abnormal pain induced by innocuous stimuli, in the SNI model was significantly attenuated in BEGAIN-deficient mice. However, there was no significant difference between naive wild-type and BEGAIN-knockout mice in terms of physiological threshold for mechanical stimuli. These results suggest that BEGAIN was involved in pathological pain transmission through NMDA receptor activation by the phosphorylation of GluN2B at Y1472 in spinal inner lamina II.
Circulating immune complex of hepatitis virus C in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Tomoaki Tomiya, Shigeki Hayashi, Minako Hijikata, Mikio Yanase, Jun Miwa, Ruriko Suzuki, Yoshinori Hanada, Shinobu Tsurugano, Noritugu Umeda, Kenji Fujiwara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
Repression of <i>BCL2</i> by the Tumor Suppressor Activity of the Lysyl Oxidase Propeptide Inhibits Transformed Phenotype of Lung and Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Min Wu, Chengyin Min, Xiaobo Wang, Ziyang Yu, Kathrin H. Kirsch, Philip C. Trackman, Gail E. Sonenshein
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The gene encoding lysyl oxidase (LOX) was identified as the ras recision gene (rrg), with the ability to revert Ras-mediated transformation of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Mutations in RAS genes have been found in ∼25% of lung cancers and in 85% of pancreatic cancers. In microarray analysis, these cancers were found to display reduced LOX gene expression. Thus, the ability of the LOX gene to repress the transformed phenotype of these cancer cells was tested. LOX is synthesized as a 50-kDa secreted precursor Pro-LOX that is processed to the 32-kDa active enzyme (LOX) and to an 18-kDa propeptide (LOX-PP). Recently, we mapped the rrg activity of Pro-LOX to the LOX-PP in Ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells. Ectopic Pro-LOX and LOX-PP expression in H1299 lung cancer cells inhibited growth in soft agar and invasive colony formation in Matrigel and reduced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, with LOX-PP showing substantially higher activity. Similarly, LOX-PP expression in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells effectively reduced ERK and Akt activity and inhibited growth in soft agar and ability of these cells to migrate. Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) and its target gene BCL2, which are overexpressed in 70% to 75% of pancreatic cancers, have recently been implicated in invasive phenotype. LOX-PP substantially reduced NF-κB and Bcl-2 levels. Reintroduction of Bcl-2 into PANC-1 or H1299 cells expressing LOX-PP restored the transformed phenotype, suggesting that Bcl-2 is an essential target. Thus, LOX-PP potently inhibits invasive phenotype of lung and pancreatic cancer cells, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in treatment of these cancers. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6278–85]
Computed Tomography — Reflections on a Controversy
Authors: Ronald G. Evens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

The first computed tomography (CT) equipment became operational in the United States less than five years ago, and its matching of the x-ray beam with the computer was soon termed "revolutionary." This new diagnostic method was introduced at a time of increasing national concern about the costs of health care, and CT quickly became a popular topic in the medical and lay press, essentially because of the spectacular half-million-dollar cost of each installation on the one hand and the equally spectacular diagnostic radiographs obtained with astonishing safety on the other. Although patient and physician reaction was almost universally favorable, controversy . . .
WILLIAM HUNTER AND HIS WORK IN MIDWIFERY: The Hunterian Society's Hunterian Oration, Delivered at the Barbers' Hall on Wednesday, February 10th, 1915
Authors: H. R. Andrews
Journal: BMJ (1915)

Williamii Hunter was jLanark in 1718, of a yc faimily.In 1731 lie wei University, where lie rei began to read for themi fiiidiing that lhe " could articles of faitll," and app of his native village, btu appointument.From 1737- Ha-miltoni.There seems ti slhip between the two mem by whlich one of tllenm att ;Aie winter, while the o Culllen said of hiim: " H lively and simiiple, and his and steadily correct tlhan I have everklnown.
Patterns and Prognosis in Hepatitis
Authors: Fenton Schaffner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Boyer and Klatskin, in their paper, "Patterns of Necrosis in Acute Viral Hepatitis," in this issue of the Journal, provide interesting data on the long-term follow-up observation of patients with acute hepatitis. The authors separate from many patients examined, a group in which subacute hepatic necrosis (SHN), commonly referred to by Klatskin1 as bridging, was found. The combined frequency of death and chronic liver disease in this group was over 50 per cent. A similar group called chronic necrotizing hepatitis was recently described in Germany, and the prognosis was said to be worse than that of the usual variety . . .
Withdrawal of Statins Increases Event Rates in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Christopher Heeschen, Christian W. Hamm, Ulrich Laufs, Steven Snapinn, Michael Böhm, Harvey D. White
Journal: Circulation (2002)

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins) reduce cardiac event rates in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Withdrawal of chronic statin treatment during acute coronary syndromes may impair vascular function independent of lipid-lowering effects and thus increase cardiac event rate. We investigated the effects of statins on the cardiac event rate in 1616 patients of the Platelet Receptor Inhibition in Ischemic Syndrome Management (PRISM) study who had coronary artery disease and chest pain in the previous 24 hours. We recorded death and nonfatal myocardial infarction during the 30-day follow-up. Baseline clinical characteristics did not differ among 1249 patients without statin therapy, 379 patients with continued statin therapy, and 86 patients with discontinued statin therapy after hospitalization. Statin therapy was associated with a reduced event rate at 30-day follow-up compared with patients without statins (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.21 to 0.86]; P=0.004). If the statin therapy was withdrawn after admission, cardiac risk increased compared with patients who continued to receive statins (2.93 [95% CI, 1.64 to 6.27]; P=0.005) and tended to be higher compared with patients who never received statins (1.69 [95% CI, 0.92 to 3.56]; P=0.15). This was related to an increased event rate during the first week after onset of symptoms and was independent of cholesterol levels. In a multivariate model, troponin T elevation (P=0.005), ST changes (P=0.02), and continuation of statin therapy (P=0.008) were the only independent predictors of patient outcome. Statin pretreatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes is associated with improved clinical outcome. However, discontinuation of statins after onset of symptoms completely abrogates this beneficial effect.
Multicenter phase 1 trial of intraventricular immunochemotherapy in recurrent CNS lymphoma
Authors: James L. Rubenstein, Jing Li, Lingjing Chen, Ranjana Advani, Jan Drappatz, Elizabeth Gerstner, Tracy Batchelor, Hendrikus Krouwer, James Hwang, Glenna Auerback, Cigall Kadoch, Clifford Lowell, Pamela Munster, Soonmee Cha, Marc A. Shuman, Lloyd E. Damon
Journal: Blood (2012)
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Intersex Conditions: Beyond Parental Decision Making
Authors: Kristina Gupta, Sara M. Freeman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Sparrow (2013b) argues that parents have ethical reasons to use preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to attempt to prevent the birth of a child with an intersex condition. While we appreciate Sp...
Radiological Evaluation of Pulmonary Metastases
Authors: G. Mathe
Journal: BMJ (1973)

tory difficulty at birth and pulmonary function tests were normal.I would like to point out that my colleagues and II 2 have suggested that the predelivery amniotic fluid lecithin concentration of 3-5 mg/100 ml is associated with practically no risk of neonatal respiratory distre-ss syndrome.As far as I can judge this is confirrmed by the findings of these workers.This critical lecithin level indicates the earliest time when the fetus in jeopardy can be delivered without the risk of de-