tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of <sup>18</sup>F‐FDG PET/CT imaging in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Authors: Ranjit Banwait, Kevin O'Regan, Federico Campigotto, Brianna Harris, Dilek Yarar, Meghan Bagshaw, Xavier Leleu, Renee Leduc, Nikhil Ramaiya, Edie Weller, Irene M. Ghobrial
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Disease assessment in WM is dependent on the quantification of the IgM monoclonal protein and percent involvement of the bone marrow. There is a need for imaging studies that objectively measure tumor load in these patients. In this study, we sought to examine the role of combined FDG‐PET/CT imaging in the detection of tumor load and in the assessment of response to therapy. Thirty‐five patients were enrolled on a prospective study using bortezomib and rituximab therapy and were included in this study because they completed a pre‐ and post‐treatment FDG‐PET/CT imaging at one facility (12 newly diagnosed and 23 relapsed/refractory). The use of combined FDG‐PET/CT imaging showed positive findings in 83% of patients with WM, unlike prior studies using conventional imaging that indicate that only 20% of patients have lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Moreover, 43% of patients had abnormal bone marrow uptake on FDG‐PET imaging that can potentially help in the assessment of their tumor load, especially with heterogenous sampling of the bone marrow. There was no statistical correlation between EORTC response criteria for FDG‐PET/CT and response by monoclonal protein. This is the first study to examine the role of FDG‐PET/CT imaging in WM. Future studies should examine the role of FDG‐PET/CT in conjunction with monoclonal protein response in the assessment of progression‐free survival in patients with WM. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevention of Mammary Carcinogenesis in MMTV-<i>neu</i>Mice by Cruciferous Vegetable Constituent Benzyl Isothiocyanate
Authors: Renaud Warin, William H. Chambers, Douglas M. Potter, Shivendra V. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a constituent of edible cruciferous vegetables, inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells in culture. The present study provides in vivo evidence for efficacy of BITC for prevention of mammary cancer in MMTV-neu mice. Administration of BITC at 1 and 3 mmol/kg diet for 25 weeks markedly suppressed the incidence and/or burden of mammary hyperplasia and carcinoma in female MMTV-neu mice without causing weight loss or affecting neu protein level. For example, cumulative incidence of hyperplasia/carcinoma was significantly lower in mice fed BITC-supplemented diets compared with control mice (P = 0.01 by Fisher's test). The BITC-mediated prevention of mammary carcinogenesis correlated with suppression of cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. The average number of Ki-67–positive cells in the carcinoma lesions of 3 mmol BITC group was lower by ∼21% (P &amp;lt; 0.05) compared with tumors from control mice. Apoptotic bodies in the mammary tumor were higher by about 2- to 2.5-fold in the 1 and 3 mmol BITC treatment groups (P &amp;lt; 0.05) compared with control group. The BITC administration also resulted in overexpression of E-cadherin and infiltration of CD3+ T-cells in the tumor. Although BITC treatment increased cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells in vitro, dietary feeding of BITC failed to augment NK cell lytic activity in an ex vivo assay. The present study demonstrating efficacy of BITC against mammary cancer in an animal model provides impetus to determine its activity in a clinical setting. [Cancer Res 2009;69(24):9473–80]
Rehabilitation of the disabled adolescent: experience with a local authority assessment centre.
Authors: P Newton, D R Swinson, K Bruce
Journal: BMJ (1985)

School leavers and young adults who are severely physically disabled pose particular problems for habilitation and rehabilitation. A local authority unit, the Fourways Assessment Centre, has been providing a comprehensive service to this group of people for the past 10 years. Rather than operating as an independent self contained unit it has been closely integrated with the local authority social services and educational services.
Better for the Break
Authors: D Griffith
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Enid Levin, Jo Moriarty, Peter Gorbach HMSO, £12.95, pp 206 ISBN 0-11-701776-0

Despite lip service being paid to matters of quality in health care, much of the information that surfaces relates specifically and directly to quantity - how long are waiting lists, how much do certain procedures cost. It is important to know these things, and of course in many ways the issues of quantity and quality are interwoven, but it is refreshing to encounter …
Effect of exposure to swine dust on levels of IL-8 in airway lavage fluid
Authors: B. M. Larsson, L. Palmberg, P. O. Malmberg, K. Larsson
Journal: Thorax (1997)

Inhalation of swine dust causes airway inflammation with influx of inflammatory cells, predominantly neutrophils, into the lungs. A study was undertaken to determine whether or not exposure to swine dust induces release of interleukin 8 (IL-8) into upper and lower airways and how this possible release is related to cellular influx. A further aim was to study the relationship between the inflammatory response and swine dust exposure.Thirty one healthy, non-smoking, previously unexposed subjects were exposed to swine dust during three hours work in a swine house. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed two weeks before and 24 hours after the exposure (n = 16). Nasal lavage and acoustic rhinometry were carried out 1-2 hours before and seven hours after the start of the exposure (n = 31). Exposure measurements were performed with personal sampling equipment.The exposure led to 19-fold and 70-fold increases in the neutrophil concentrations in nasal lavage and BAL fluid, respectively (p < 0.001). In BAL, fluid macrophages, lymphocytes and eosinophils increased significantly. The IL-8 levels in BAL fluid increased from < 31.3 ng/l to 63 (43-109) ng/l (median (25-75th percentile), p < 0.001), and in nasal lavage fluid the concentrations increased from 144 (97-227) ng/l to 1064 (864-1437) ng/l (p < 0.001). IL-8 levels showed a significant correlation with the increase in neutrophils in the nasal lavage fluid but not in the BAL fluid. Acoustic rhinometry demonstrated significant swelling of the nasal mucosa. The air concentration of inhalable dust was 23.3 (20.0-29.3) mg/m3, endotoxin 1.3 (1.1-1.4) micrograms/m3, and muramic acid 0.99 (0.78-2.1) microgram/m3.The concentration of IL-8 increases in BAL fluid and nasal lavage fluid following exposure to swine dust and may be one of the chemoattractants contributing to the recruitment of neutrophils to the nasal cavity and the alveolar space.
Doctors at risk of erasure from medical register under GMC plans
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

UK doctors found guilty of professional misconduct, who can now avoid being struck off the medical register by demonstrating that they are no longer a threat to the public, could be at greater risk of erasure under draft government legislation.

The proposed change comes in a draft order under section 60 of the Health Act 1999 aimed at enabling the General Medical Council to take “swifter, more proportionate and effective action to ensure public protection” and reforming the GMC’s “outdated” legislative framework.1

“Currently medical professionals who are subject to regulatory action can avoid serious sanctions in certain cases by demonstrating that they have learnt from their mistakes and are no longer a threat to public safety,” says …
The Physician as Teacher
Authors: Marcelle M. Willock
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<i>The Physician as Teacher</i>is a concisely written book that covers ways physicians can improve their roles as teachers. Many of the recommendations offered to improve medical teaching have practical application not only for academic physicians but also for those in private practice. Drs Schwenk and Whitman approach the subject in an organized fashion and present their materials in two parts. First, they deal with teaching as a form of communication, and second, they describe teaching strategies. The authors contend that many of the basic interpersonal communication skills involved in teaching are intuitive to physicians by comparing similarities that exist between physician-patient and teacher-learner relationships. They refer to the work of Mann and his colleagues in describing six roles assumed by teachers, as well as identifying five types of medical students and residents with whom the medical teacher must deal. Conditions that contribute to effective adult learning are emphasized. The
Computed Tomography Assessment of Positive End-expiratory Pressure-induced Alveolar Recruitment in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: LUIZ M. MALBOUISSON, JEAN-CHARLES MULLER, JEAN-MICHEL CONSTANTIN, QIN LU, LOUIS PUYBASSET, JEAN-JACQUES ROUBY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Computed tomography (CT) assessment of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)-induced alveolar recruitment is classically achieved by quantifying the decrease in nonaerated lung parenchyma on a single juxtadiaphragmatic section (Gattinoni's method). This approach ignores the alveolar recruitment occurring in poorly aerated lung areas and may not reflect the alveolar recruitment of the entire lung. This study describes a new CT method in which PEEP-induced alveolar recruitment is computed as the volume of gas penetrating in poorly and nonaerated lung regions following PEEP. In 16 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome a thoracic spiral CT scan was performed in ZEEP and PEEP 15 cm H2O. According to the new method, PEEP induced a 119% increase in functional residual capacity (FRC). PEEP-induced alveolar recruitment was 499 ± 279 ml whereas distension and overdistension of previously aerated lung areas were 395 ± 382 ml and 28 ± 6 ml, respectively. The alveolar recruitment according to Gattinoni's method was 26 ± 24 g and no correlation was found between both methods. A significant correlation was found between PEEP-induced alveolar recruitment and increase in PaO2 only when recruitment was assessed by the new method (Rho = 0.76, p = 0.003), suggesting that it may be more accurate than Gattinoni's method.
Scandal unfolds over blood donation in French prisons
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A group of 30 doctors and officials, including three former ministers, has been placed under judicial examination for alleged ‘poisoning and non-assistance to endangered individuals.’

The four year investigation by the Paris judge Odile Bertella- Geffroy has shown that blood donation in prisons continued until 1986, long after specialists had warned of …
Outcome of pregnancy in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease before the disease onset.
Authors: A Siamopoulou-Mavridou, M N Manoussakis, A K Mavridis, H M Moutsopoulos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

The outcomes of 419 pregnancies of 154 unselected patients with various auto-immune diseases, including 390 pregnancies before the disease onset, were studied retrospectively. The patients comprised 40 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 72 with rheumatoid arthritis, 21 with primary Sjögren's syndrome (1 degree SS), 14 with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), and seven with mixed connective tissue disease. The histories of 267 pregnancies of 98 healthy, age matched women served as controls. Our data indicate that compared with healthy controls autoimmune patients do not experience a higher incidence of fetal loss. The incidence of fetal loss before disease onset in the various groups of autoimmune patients (as well as after disease onset in patients with SLE and RA) was not significantly different from that of controls. Spontaneous abortions in patients with 1 degree SS and PSS before disease onset occurred significantly more frequently (p less than 0.05) than in controls. Nevertheless, it should be noted that this was not the case when the incidence per woman was considered. On the other hand, patients with SLE, both before and after disease onset, experienced a higher incidence of premature deliveries (p less than 0.05). Finally, the analysis of autoantibody profiles, including antibodies to nuclear antigens, to Ro(SSA) cellular antigen, to double stranded DNA, and to cardiolipin, could not demonstrate any association of autoantibodies with any particular pregnancy outcome.
Incidence of Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Death from Coronary Heart Disease in Nashville, Tennessee
Authors: RUTH M. HAGSTROM, CHARLES F. FEDERSPIEL, YAW CHIN HO
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The incidence rates for myocardial infarction and sudden death attributable to coronary heart disease for adults between the ages of 35 and 74 years for black and white populations were studied in Nashville, Tennessee, for a l-year period, July 1, 1967 to June 30, 1968. The overall incidence rate for myocardial infarction was 3.42 and for sudden coronary death, 1.55 per 1,000 population. The male-to-female ratio for the white population for myocardial infarction was 3:1, and for the black population 2:1. Similar male-to-female ratios were found for those dying suddenly for both races. However, both black males and females died suddenly at a higher rate than did the white. Over half of the sudden deaths occurred within a 2-hour period after onset of symptoms. Fifty-two percent were dead on arrival at a hospital, 31% died at home, and 6% in a public place. Only 4% had either no contact with a source of medical care or had negative disease histories prior to sudden death. Thus, it would seem possible in further studies to identify a group of individuals at high risk of sudden death from coronary heart disease.
Cyclooxygenase 2 and Intermittent Hypoxia-induced Spatial Deficits in the Rat
Authors: Richard C. Li, Barry W. Row, Evelyne Gozal, Leila Kheirandish, Qiang Fan, Kenneth R. Brittian, Shang Z. Guo, Leroy R. Sachleben, David Gozal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep, a critical feature of sleep apnea, induces significant neurobehavioral deficits in the rat. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is induced during stressful conditions such as cerebral ischemia and could play an important role in IH-induced learning deficits. We therefore examined COX-1 and COX-2 genes and COX-2 protein expression and activity (prostaglandin E2 [PGE2] tissue concentration) in cortical regions of rat brain after exposure to either IH (10% O2 alternating with 21% O2 every 90 seconds) or sustained hypoxia (10% O2). In addition, the effect of selective COX-2 inhibition with NS-398 on IH-induced neurobehavioral deficits was assessed. IH was associated with increased COX-2 protein and gene expression from Day 1 to Day 14 of exposure. No changes were found in COX-1 gene expression after exposure to hypoxia. IH-induced COX-2 upregulation was associated with increased PGE2 tissue levels, neuronal apoptosis, and neurobehavioral deficits. Administration of NS-398 abolished IH-induced apoptosis and PGE2 increases without modifying COX-2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, NS-398 treatment attenuated IH-induced deficits in the acquisition and retention of a spatial task in the water maze. We conclude that IH induces upregulation and activation of COX-2 in rat cortex and that COX-2 may play a role in IH-mediated neurobehavioral deficits.
Wound‐Healing with Mechanically Robust and Biodegradable Hydrogel Fibers Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Kevin Neibert, Venkateshwarlu Gopishetty, Anton Grigoryev, Ihor Tokarev, Noura Al‐Hajaj, Joshua Vorstenbosch, Anie Philip, Sergiy Minko, Dusica Maysinger
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract The objective of this study is to provide a novel synthetic approach for the manufacture of wound‐healing materials using covalently cross‐linked alginate fibers loaded with silver nanoparticles. Alginate fibers are prepared by wet‐spinning in a CaCl 2 precipitation bath. Using this same approach, calcium cross‐links in alginate fibers are replaced by chemical cross‐links that involve hydroxyl groups for subsequent cross‐linking by glutaraldehyde. The cross‐linked fibers become highly swollen in aqueous solution due to the presence of carboxyl functional groups, and retain their mechanical stability in physiological fluids owing to the stabilized network of covalent bonds. Alginate fibers can then be loaded with silver ions via the ion‐exchange reaction. Silver ions are reduced to yield 11 nm silver nanoparticles incorporated in the polymer gel. This method provides a convenient platform to incorporate silver nanoparticles into alginate fibers in controlled concentrations while retaining the mechanical and swelling properties of the alginate fibers. Our study suggests that the silver nanoparticles loaded fibers may be easily applied in a wound healing paradigm and promote the repair process though the promotion of fibroblast migration to the wound area, reduction of the inflammatory phase, and the increased epidermal thickness in the repaired wound area, thereby improving the overall quality and speed of healing.
INCREASED IN VITRO RADIO-SENSITIVITY OF MALGNANT MELANOMA INDUCED BY THE IN VIVO ADMINISTRATION OF CHLORPROMAZINE
Authors: MICHAEL COOPER, YUTAKA MISHIMA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article INCREASED IN VITRO RADIO‐SENSITIVITY OF MALGNANT MELANOMA INDUCED BY THE IN VIVO ADMINISTRATION OF CHLORPROMAZINE Get access MICHAEL COOPER, MICHAEL COOPER Departments of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit; and Veterans Administration Hospital, Allen Park, Michigan, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar YUTAKA MISHIMA YUTAKA MISHIMA Departments of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit; and Veterans Administration Hospital, Allen Park, Michigan, U.S.A Requests for reprints should be addressed to Professor Mishima, Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 640, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 5, 1 May 1972, Pages 491–494, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb16101.x Published: 01 May 1972 Article history Accepted: 14 December 1971 Published: 01 May 1972
Esophageal Motor Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Mark A. Peppercorn
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had intermittent episodes of dysphagia associated with severe nonpleuritic chest pain. Esophageal manometry disclosed abnormalities characteristic of diffuse esophageal spasm. The findings suggest that diffuse spasm should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained chest pain and dysphagia in patients with lupus. (<i>JAMA</i>242:1895-1896, 1979)
Symptomatic Benefit from Eradicating<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection in Patients with Nonulcer Dyspepsia
Authors: Kenneth McColl, Lilian Murray, Emad El-Omar, Anthea Dickson, Adil El-Nujumi, Angela Wirz, Andrew Kelman, Christine Penny, Robin Knill-Jones, Thomas Hilditch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is beneficial in patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers. The value of eradicating the infection in patients with dyspepsia and no evidence of ulcer disease is not known.
Obstructive jaundice caused by hemobilia after liver biopsy
Authors: F. Prata Martins, D. Bonilha, L. Correia, A. Paulo Ferrari
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Hemobilia due to arteriobiliary duct fistula is a rare complication of percutaneous liver biopsy [1] [2] [3] typically presenting with jaundice, pain, and bleeding [4]. The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is well established [1] [5]. We report two cases successfully treated with sphincterotomy and clot removal.
Shattering the Glass Ceiling
Authors: Marcia Angell
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Increased Renal Accumulation of Tc-99m-MDP in Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: ROBERT L. LANTIERI, MAX S. LIN, WILLIAM MARTIN, DAVID A. GOODWIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

Abnormal increased renal accumulation of Tc-99m- MDP was observed in a patient found subsequently to have stenosis of the ipsilateral renal artery. The case is both interesting in itself and for its possible implications regarding the use of radiolabeled phosphates in renal ischemia.
Watchdog gives spoof awards for aggressive marketing of drugs
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The lobbying group of the US drug industry, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), last week won two spoof awards from a watchdog that tracks aggressive and misleading marketing by the industry.

PhRMA led the field in the second annual Bitter Pill awards, winning prizes in two categories from the Prescription Access Litigation Project, a national umbrella organisation of 118 consumer health advocacy groups.

Aggressive marketing is driving up health costs and encouraging patients to take drugs they do not need, argued Jerry Avorn, a professor at Harvard Medical School and one of the organisers of the awards. “As a physician I have seen how the avalanche of direct to consumer drug advertising infects the doctor-patient relationship,” he said.

The first of the two awards was for the organisation's guidelines on direct to consumer advertising, which the consumer pressure group claimed were ineffective, not least …
Nalidixic Acid in Urinary Infections
Authors: J. F. N. C. Ward-McQuaid, D. Jichlinski, R. Macis
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Nalidixic acid (" negram ") is one of a new series of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives with antibacterial properties which have been synthesized by Lesher et al. (1962).Chemically it is 1-ethyl-7-methyl-1,8-naphthyridine-4-one-3-carboxylic acid.0 COOH CH3 N. N CH2CH3 Mol.Wt. 232.2 C12H12N2O0 McChesney et al. ( 1963) have demonstrated in vitro activity against pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, and studied human and animal urine after oral administration.Lishman and Swinney (1963) have carried out a clinical trial with 60 patients and summarized the results of data obtained at the Sterling-Winthrop Research Institute.The present paper describes a short clinical trial of this com- pound in the urological out-patient department and in the wards of a general hospital.The range of activity in vitro and the results of treatment in 52 patients with acute or recurrent urinary infection are assessed.This new oral antibacterial agent is henceforth referred to as nalidixic acid.