tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of transcranial Doppler abnormalities in Nigerian children with sickle cell disease
Authors: IkeOluwa Lagunju, Olugbemiro Sodeinde, Paul Telfer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography helps to identify children with sickle cell disease (SCD) who are at an increased risk of stroke,making primary stroke prevention a reality. A cross-sectional study of145 Nigerian children aged ≥3 years with SCD was carried out to describe the pattern of cerebral blood flow (CBF) abnormalities. The mean time-averaged mean velocity (TAMV) was 152 ±27.0 cm/sec and122 ±22.0 cm/sec in Hb SS and Hb S1C group, respectively. Abnormal velocities were recorded in six (4.7%) of the Hb SS patients and none of the Hb S1C while conditional risk (CR) velocities were recorded in 19.7% of Hb SS (low conditional 11.0%, high conditional 8.7%) and low conditional in 5.6% of Hb S1C cases. Cerebral flow velocities showed a negative correlation with age and hematocrit. Compared with African-American children, Nigerian children with Hb SS disease have a considerably higher prevalence of CR velocities.
Divergent regulation of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by phosphoinositide 3-kinase via Akt and PKCλ/ζ
Authors: Cullen M. Taniguchi, Tatsuya Kondo, Mini Sajan, Ji Luo, Roderick Bronson, Tomoichiro Asano, Robert Farese, Lewis C. Cantley, C. Ronald Kahn
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
The injuries to JFK
Authors: V. Q. Telford
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Let me congratulate you on the outstanding service that your interview with Drs Humes and Boswell 1,2 and the Parkland physicians offers to the reading public. Humes and Boswell are seen at last as the men that they are, eminently capable pathologists. While they are not forensic pathologists, their knowledge of gunshot wounds is indeed impressive. I am delighted that they have finally consented to speak publicly concerning their activities and their observations.  I also congratulate you on remembering to include the Parkland physicians in this medical documentation. Your ability to persuade Dr Rose to give his views is especially illuminating. Earl Rose was one of the clearest thinking individuals in the Parkland emergency room on that fateful November day in 1963. The single largest contributor to the uncertainty surrounding President Kennedy's death must be attributed to the Secret Service's decision to remove the body from Parkland
N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide promotes apoptosis of resting and proliferating B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and potentiates fludarabine and ABT-737 cytotoxicity
Authors: S Bruno, F Ghiotto, C Tenca, A N Mazzarello, M Bono, P Luzzi, S Casciaro, A Recchia, A DeCensi, F Morabito, F Fais
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Resolving Unreported Conflicts of Interest
Authors: Catherine D. DeAngelis, Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemotherapy could be given at patients' workplace
Authors: J. M Carter
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—The first sentence of the editorial by Young and Kerr about home delivery of chemotherapy assumes that shifting care to the community means shifting it to patients' homes.1 This is echoed in the introduction of the paper by Borras et al about home versus hospital delivery of chemotherapy for people with colorectal cancer.2

In real life, however, many people are at work all day. For some of these, having treatment in the workplace would …
PACA response to article on David Southall's wrecked career
Authors: J. Bridson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

We endorse the excellent account of Southall’s ordeal,1 which describes “what steps have been taken to make sure no other doctor has to go through such an ordeal.” Next month, the General Medical Council (GMC) issues guidance on how doctors should conduct themselves to safeguard children. However, it is the GMC that needs …
Gene Dosage Effect on γ-Secretase Component Aph-1b in a Rat Model for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Marcel W. Coolen, Karen M.J. Van Loo, Nick N.H.M. Van Bakel, David J. Pulford, Lutgarde Serneels, Bart De Strooper, Bart A. Ellenbroek, Alexander R. Cools, Gerard J.M. Martens
Journal: Neuron (2005)
Maintaining hospital quality. The need for international cooperation
Authors: R. H. Brook
Journal: JAMA (1993)

NOT long ago, hospitals were considered places to die. More recently, with the introduction of modern surgery and medication, hospitals became safe places in which many people obtained substantial benefit. Today, hospitals are perceived from conflicting perspectives. On the one hand, they are places where lives are saved. On the other hand, they are places where enormous amounts of money are spent and the cost-effectiveness of these expenditures is being questioned, and where some "care" provided there is of no benefit or even harmful. These latter perceptions have led some governments to reduce the growth in hospital funding. This, in turn, has led to unnecessary deaths, increased complication rates, and long waits for elective surgical procedures that are performed to alleviate pain and improve functional status. Hospital quality could decline further if changes in health policy do not explicitly attempt to maintain it.<sup>1,2</sup> While the perception of the hospital's
Polymorphous lymphoproliferative disorder with Hodgkin-like features in common γ-chain–deficient severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Mary A. Slatter, Brian Angus, Kevin Windebank, Alison Taylor, Cathy Meaney, Tracey Lester, Gail Norbury, Sophie Hambleton, Mario Abinun, Terence J. Flood
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Disparities in Lung Cancer Staging with Positron Emission Tomography in the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance (CanCORS) Study
Authors: Michael K. Gould, M. Schultz Ellen, Todd H. Wagner, Xiangyan Xu, Sharfun J. Ghaus, Robert B. Wallace, Dawn Provenzale, David H. Au
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Distribution of conduction system fibers in the developing and adult rabbit heart revealed by an antineurofilament antibody.
Authors: L Gorza, M Vitadello
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Using an immunological approach, we demonstrated previously that a neurofilament-like protein is expressed in rabbit heart conduction tissue myocytes, and we proposed that these specialized cardiac muscle cells are of neuroectodermal origin. In the present study, we used the expression of the neurofilament-like protein as a marker for identifying conduction tissue cells and studying their distribution in the developing heart. In 11-day-old rabbit embryos, myocytes expressing the neurofilament-like protein were localized at the atrioventricular and the sinoatrial junctions and had a ring-like distribution. At embryonic day 12, reactive myocytes were found also in the subendocardial layer of the dorsal ventricular wall, in continuity with labeled myocytes at the atrioventricular junction. Examination of older embryos and of neonatal and adult hearts revealed that the expression of the neurofilament-like protein was not restricted to myocytes of conduction tissue regions, but it was also detectable in myocytes of the sinoatrial ring bundle, in scattered myocytes localized in the left sinal horn wall, and in the right atrium in proximity to atrioventricular sulcus tissue. Thus, using an intracellular marker, we show that precursors of adult atrial conduction tissue are distributed at the sinoatrial and atrioventricular junctions; at variance, ventricular conduction tissue precursors do not have a ring-like distribution but are localized in the subendocardial layer, in continuity with the atrioventricular junctional myocytes.
Hemoglobin osler: Report of a new family with exercise studies before and after phlebotomy
Authors: William M. Butler, Larry Spratling, John A. Kark, Eric B. Schoomaker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Five members of a new family with hemoglobin Osler are described. Exercise studies were performed before and after phlebotomy in one patient. These studies demonstrated that anaerobic threshold was directly related to hematocrit. Our data suggest that the elevation of red cell mass seen with this high oxygen affinity hemoglobin is an appropriate physiologic response which improves tissue oxygen delivery. Despite the increase in whole blood viscosity associated with erythrocytosis, our data do not support the use of therapeutic phlebotomy to improve exercise performance in patients with hemoglobin Osler.
Salvage Chemotherapy for Patients With Advanced Pure Seminoma
Authors: Jacqueline Vuky, Satish K. Tickoo, Joel Sheinfeld, Jennifer Bacik, Alison Amsterdam, Madhu Mazumdar, Victor Reuter, Dean F. Bajorin, George J. Bosl, Robert J. Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: We describe the response to conventional or high-dose salvage chemotherapy in patients with advanced seminoma who experience disease progression after receiving first-line platinum-based treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with progressive, advanced, pure seminoma were treated with salvage chemotherapy. Fifteen patients were treated with conventional-dose cisplatin-and-ifosfamide combination chemotherapy. Twelve patients were treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem-cell rescue. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (56%) achieved a complete response (CR), nine achieved CR with a conventional-dose cisplatin and ifosfamide program, and six experienced CR after high-dose chemotherapy. Fourteen patients (52%) are alive and disease-free, with 13 (48%) continuously disease-free at a median follow-up of 72 months. Twelve (57%) of 21 patients whose pretreatment tumors were studied morphologically were found to have seminoma with atypia. Eight patients underwent resection after salvage chemotherapy; six with histologic findings of necrotic debris/fibrosis alone are alive and disease-free at last follow-up. Both patients with viable seminoma found at surgery died of disease. CONCLUSION: Most patients with advanced seminoma are cured with standard first-line programs of cisplatin and etoposide with or without bleomycin. A small minority of patients with pure seminoma have resistant tumors and require salvage chemotherapy. In this setting, approximately 50% of patients with recurrent pure seminoma achieve durable CR with conventional or high-dose salvage chemotherapy. Identification of biologic markers to predict clinical outcome and an enhanced understanding of the basic biologic features of seminoma may lead to improvements in the management of this disease.
Control of meningococcal disease
Authors: I J Smith, K Marfell, P Shaw
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The implications of these alterations in the most basic aspects of cardiovascular physiology are not clear, but they may need to be taken into account in the development ofnew treatments for the critically ill.Prospective studies have indicated that treat- ment based on some understanding of the pathophysiology of critical illness is associated with considerable improvements in survival.6Preventing gross errors in the management of acute critical illness is essential, but the ways to achieve this are not evident.Even with good treatment many patients go on to succumb to multiple organ failure, and research effort must now be directed to developing scientifically based treatments for this poorly understood condition.Unfortunately, research into shock, trauma, and critical illness does not fall cleanly within the remit of any of the principal charities or specialties with existing research infrastructures.Given the associated difficulty of research funding, I would hope that the national bodies like the Medical Research Council and the Department of Health have the foresight to encourage such research.With such scope for worthwhile advance it is regrettable that more funding is not forthcoming.
Incidence of Intraoperative Anaphylaxis in A University General Hospital in Brazil
Authors: Laila Sabino Garro, Maria José Carvalho Carmona, Iracy Silvia Corrêa Soares, Marcelo Vivolo Aun, Marisa Rosimeire Ribeiro, Adriana Teixeira Rodrigues, Jorge Kalil, Pedro Giavina-Bianchi, Antonio Abílio Motta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Fatal Diphenylhydantoin Poisoning
Authors: Frederick A. Laubscher
Journal: JAMA (1966)

DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN is a synthetic compound which has been widely used for more than 25 years as one of the safest anticonvulsant drugs. Fatalities resulting either from untoward reactions with usual doses or from overdoses of the drug are very rare. Search of the literature indicates that only one case has been previously reported in which the fatality occurred from diphenylhydantoin intoxication and resulting central nervous system depression.<sup>1</sup> The minor symptoms of acute diphenylhydantoin intoxication include dizziness, tremors, and visual disturbances such as diplopia or mydriasis. More severe symptoms include vomiting, difficulty in swallowing, respiratory distress, fatigue, insomnia, irritability, ataxia, confusion, and hallucinations and delusions.<sup>2</sup>There are reports of adults ingesting 4.5, 8.3, and 21.5 gm who subsequently had severe central nervous system depression but eventually recovered.<sup>3,4</sup>Renal dialysis was used in two of these patients. Ingestion of as much as 900 mg by a child 2 years
Effects of prolonged repeated exposure to ovalbumin in sensitized brown Norway rats.
Authors: A Haczku, R Moqbel, W Elwood, J Sun, A B Kay, P J Barnes, K F Chung
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The effects of chronic exposure to ovalbumin (OA) aerosol were studied in Brown Norway rats following intraperitoneal injections with OA and AI(OH)3 and exposure to OA or saline aerosols, once or every third day for 3 to 8 wk. Measurements of airway responsiveness to acetylcholine (ACh) aerosol at 18 to 24 h after allergen exposure showed a significant increase in -logPC150, the concentration of ACh needed to cause a 150% increase in baseline lung resistance, in animals single-exposed or chronic OA-exposed for 3 wk, compared with saline-exposed control animals. The group receiving 8 wk of OA exposure demonstrated no difference from the control animals with -logPC150 lower than that of the two previous groups (p < 0.001). In all three groups, BAL fluid showed a significant increase in neutrophils, but a significant increase in eosinophils (p < 0.01) was only observed in the single-exposed group when compared with saline-exposed control animals. In the 8-wk exposed rats, there was a higher recovery of macrophages and lymphocytes (p < 0.01) compared with control animals and the other two groups. AHR, present after single or 3-wk repeated exposure, disappears by 8 wk of continuous allergen exposure. Both the enhancement and suppression of AHR may be linked to OA-induced immune and inflammatory mechanisms.
Identification of Cholesterol-Regulating Genes by Targeted RNAi Screening
Authors: Fabian Bartz, Luise Kern, Dorothee Erz, Mingang Zhu, Daniel Gilbert, Till Meinhof, Ute Wirkner, Holger Erfle, Martina Muckenthaler, Rainer Pepperkok, Heiko Runz
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2009)
Tympanic Membrane vs Rectal Temperature Measurement in Marathon Runners
Authors: William W. Briner
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Exertional heat illness may encompass a variety of syndromes, including heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke. All of these are more likely to occur in conditions of high heat and humidity such as may prevail at the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta, Ga. Athletes with heat illness may sustain severe consequences, including acute renal failure and fatality. Therefore, it is essential that body temperature be assessed accurately in those who may be at risk. Endurance events such as the marathon and triathlon place athletes at greatest risk.<sup>1</sup> Most authors have recommended monitoring rectal temperatures as the best measure of core temperature in the setting of exertional thermal illness. Core temperature reflects the clinical status of these patients. Higher temperatures (especially those &gt;40.6°C [&gt;105°F]) imply heat stroke and portend a poorer prognosis.<sup>1</sup>Rectal temperature has been demonstrated to reflect core temperature measured at the pulmonary
Harvest of Hope
Authors: Pedro A. Poma
Journal: JAMA (1990)

As busy practitioners we have to be selective in what we read because of the time limitations of our professional lives. Nevertheless, we require diversion, and some reading may help to replenish our batteries, especially after long hours of clinical, administrative, and teaching duties.  This is a brief autobiography by Jorge Prieto, MD, former chairman of the Department of Family Practice at Cook County Hospital in Chicago, Ill, and briefly president of the Chicago Board of Health. The book is hard to put down and can be read in one sitting. It is the story of a young refugee from Mexico, a pilgrim who decided to become a physician to help his countrymen in this land. Proud of his heritage, religion, and vocation, he survived immigration, rose above his own infirmities (rheumatic heart disease), learned the system, and tried to improve conditions not only for his patients and community, but
Note on Homicidal Mania
Authors: J. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1880)

4uly3,X8S.] 2(WEI BIT-ISH.'MEDIC>ALJ,OEIRN4____ing it, the tubes passed through the mouth might be used, even in the latter case, tot gin time)to allow auindpe'rative sugo tiao i* called.The tubes must necessarily be of various sizes, so as to suit the various larynges into-which they may-he intro u,ced..At -presert,.-atube, of a 'better shape and form than that now in use, ahadone which-w'll present
POISONING FROM OIL OF TANSY.
Authors: E. GARD EDWARDS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

A case cited inThe Journal, Aug. 11, 1906, prompts me to add to the literature the following case: <h3>Patient.</h3> —C. H. J., aged 25, married, a large strong woman. <h3>History.</h3> —I found patient in a convulsion that had every appearance of epilepsy and a history of having had three such attacks within a short time. The symptoms were almost identical with those described by Dr. Whitehill in the article referred to above. Respirations were rapid, pulse 124 and forcible; pupils dilated and without reaction, mouth bleeding, patient absolutely unconscious. There was a faint odor from the breath that reminded one of some pungent oil. <h3>Treatment.</h3> —Acting on general principles, I gave 1/10 gr. of apomorphia. In spite of her benumbed condition, this produced copious vomiting, which was aided by filling her stomach, by a tube, with large quantities of warm salt water. One slight convulsion appeared after the administration
The Turnstone: A Doctor's Story
Authors: J. Pemberton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Geoffrey Dean is a recognised world authority on the epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). He is still, at the age of 85, actively engaged in research into MS in various countries. In this readable and well illustrated autobiography, he describes how he witnessed Nazi violence in Germany before the second world war, exposed brutality against prisoners in apartheid South Africa, and began valuable epidemiological research in Ireland. Geoffrey Dean Liverpool University Press, £15, pp 273 ISBN 0853237670 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Geoffrey Dean had an inquiring mind from the beginning. … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Carcinoma of the Middle Ear
Authors: M. Ellis, R. Pracy
Journal: BMJ (1954)

the seventh-day milk are due to differences in the speed of maturation, and that in more mature milk the variation in these constituents has practically disappeared.In this study there were no differences in the success of lactation which were associated with the protein content of the seventh-day milk, so that the speed of maturation is apparently of no particular importance in this connexion.That is, milk which is slow to "come in" does not necessarily portend unsuccessful breast-feeding.The rapidity with which women with poor lactation stop breast-feeding emphasizes the importance of studying human milk composition as early as possible in lactation, if the full range of variation is to be appreciated.Any investigation of human milk secreted after the second or third month of lactation would be carried out on a highly selected population.Those women with poor lactation would, of necessity, have abandoned breast-feeding, and although a considerable variation in milk composition may remain among the rest there will be little or no really poor milk discovered.This may, in part, be the basis for the widely held belief that variations in milk composition are unimportant. SummaryThe success of lactation, judged by the duration of breast-feeding and the weight gain of the baby, is shown for 167 subjects whose milk was analysed on the seventh post-partum day.Both milk yield and fat content were related to the clinical data.The total fat output had a stronger relationship than either.There was a marked relationship between the seventh- day fat output and the baby's weight gain in hospital.The breast-feeding history of 148 of these subjects was known until the 13th week.In 23, breast-feeding was terminated for reasons unconnected with the adequacy of lactation.In the remaining 125 there was a marked relationship between fat output on the seventh day and the duration of breast-feeding.Accurate weights during the first three months of life were known for 83 of the infants, and, although there was a strong relationship between fat output and weight gain during the first month, there was none after this time.This effect is presumably due to the elimination of those infants initially fed on milk of low nutritive value, leaving at the breast only those for whom the milk was at least adequate. I am grateful to
Cholangiography in the jaundiced patient.
Authors: E Elias
Journal: Gut (1976)

Though local practice will reflect the previously acquired expertise of the operators, it seems reasonable to employ a minimum of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, and, ideally, this in combination with ERCP for preoperative cholangiography in patients with cholestatic jaundice. Few cases will defy both techniques. The morbidity is well known and if properly anticipated can be reduced to a minimum by judicious use of antibacterial agents and early surgical intervention when appropriate. Grey-scale ultrasonography by indicating the diameter of the bile ducts enables one to select percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography for dilated ducts and ERCP for non-dilated ducts with an almost 100% success rate for the former and only slightly less for the latter in experienced hands.