tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Parkin Pathway Activation Mitigates Glioma Cell Proliferation and Predicts Patient Survival
Authors: Calvin W.S. Yeo, Felicia S.L. Ng, Chou Chai, Jeanne M.M. Tan, Geraldene R.H. Koh, Yuk Kien Chong, Lynnette W.H. Koh, Charlene S.F. Foong, Edwin Sandanaraj, Joanna D. Holbrook, Beng-Ti Ang, Ryosuke Takahashi, Carol Tang, Kah-Leong Lim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Mutations in the parkin gene, which encodes a ubiquitin ligase, are a major genetic cause of parkinsonism. Interestingly, parkin also plays a role in cancer as a putative tumor suppressor, and the gene is frequently targeted by deletion and inactivation in human malignant tumors. Here, we investigated a potential tumor suppressor role for parkin in gliomas. We found that parkin expression was dramatically reduced in glioma cells. Restoration of parkin expression promoted G(1) phase cell-cycle arrest and mitigated the proliferation rate of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Notably, parkin-expressing glioma cells showed a reduction in levels of cyclin D1, but not cyclin E, and a selective downregulation of Akt serine-473 phosphorylation and VEGF receptor levels. In accordance, cells derived from a parkin-null mouse model exhibited increased levels of cyclin D1, VEGF receptor, and Akt phosphorylation, and divided significantly faster when compared with wild-type cells, with suppression of these changes following parkin reintroduction. Clinically, analysis of parkin pathway activation was predictive for the survival outcome of patients with glioma. Taken together, our study provides mechanistic insight into the tumor suppressor function of parkin in brain tumors and suggests that measurement of parkin pathway activation may be used clinically as a prognostic tool in patients with brain tumor.
Sharing Research Ideas and Facilities
Authors: JULIUS E. STOLFI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 July 1971Sharing Research Ideas and FacilitiesJULIUS E. STOLFI, M.D., F.A.C.P.JULIUS E. STOLFI, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-75-1-143_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: It has occurred to me that it might be valuable at present to share research ideas and facilities to increase productivity and reduce costs. The plans that I propose are as follows :Pooling Research Ideas:There are approximately 300,000 physicians in the United States; the number involved in research is relatively small. The constriction of Government funding and the high cost of operating a medical school or hospital, or both, has reduced substantially the amount of research money available. The danger to medical progress is obvious. Meaningful research will diminish in amount and, ultimately, adversely affect... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1971Volume 75, Issue 1Page: 143-143KeywordsResearch facilities Issue Published: 1 July 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Study of human lactation for effects of environmental contaminants: the North Carolina Breast Milk and Formula Project and some other ideas.
Authors: W J Rogan, B C Gladen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

The presence of environmental contaminant chemicals in human milk, their demonstrated toxicity, and the lack of data in human beings led to the North Carolina Breast Milk and Formula project, a three-center prospective birth cohort study of 856 children. In this study, we measure polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDE in milk and other fluids, follow the course of lactation, and note growth, morbidity and development in the children. Lactation is hormonally complicated and has parts that are plausibly interfered with by contaminant chemicals, and certain kinds of morbidity that occur in breastfed children might also represent the result of chemical contamination of milk. Preliminary data analysis confirms the widespread presence of chemicals in milk; women with higher DDE levels do not breast-feed as long, but this is not true for women with higher PCBs. Besides this study, several case-control or survey-type studies, such as studies of failure to thrive, certain rashes, or short-term breast-feeding would be helpful. Laboratory studies of enzyme induction are now feasible in children and might be a very sensitive if not totally specific endpoint for study of PCBs in milk.
Centres of health innovation are established in Africa to promote research and development
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation (ANDI) has selected a group of 32 centres of excellence in health innovation to facilitate the discovery, development, manufacture, and registration of drugs, diagnostics, vaccines, and medical devices in the continent.

The move was announced at the network’s fourth stakeholders’ meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on 24 to 27 October, which was attended by about 500 participants, including ministers of health and of science and technology from across Africa and by scientists, researchers, drug manufacturers, and other stakeholders from more than 40 countries.

The network was established in 2008 “to promote and sustain African led health product innovation to address African public health needs through the assembly of research …
Mast cell chymase potentiates histamine-induced wheal formation in the skin of ragweed-allergic dogs.
Authors: I Rubinstein, J A Nadel, P D Graf, G H Caughey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Skin mast cells release the neutral protease chymase along with histamine during degranulation. To test the hypothesis that chymase modulates histamine-induced plasma extravasation, we measured wheal formation following intradermal injection of purified mast cell chymase and histamine into the skin of ragweed-allergic dogs. We found that chymase greatly augments histamine-induced wheal formation. The magnitude of the potentiating effect increases with increasing doses of chymase and becomes maximal approximately 30 min after administration. Injection of chymase without histamine does not evoke wheal formation. The chymase potentiation of histamine-induced skin responses is prevented completely by pretreatment with the H1-receptor antagonist pyrilamine, and is prevented by inactivation of chymase with soybean trypsin inhibitor, suggesting that both histamine and preserved catalytic activity are required for the effects of chymase. To examine the effects of histamine and chymase released in situ in further experiments, we measured wheal size following local degranulation of mast cells by intradermal injection of ragweed antigen or compound 48/80. We found that pretreatment with either soybean trypsin inhibitor or pyrilamine markedly reduces ragweed antigen- or 48/80-induced wheal formation, supporting the results obtained by injection of exogenous chymase and histamine. These findings suggest a novel and important proinflammatory role for chymase in modulating the effects of histamine on vascular permeability during mast cell activation.
Vasomotor Responses in the Human Arm During Leg Exercise
Authors: DAVID A. BLAIR, WALTER E. GLOVER, JAN C. RODDIE
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

Blood flow was measured in the hands and forearms of recumbent subjects by venous occlusion plethysmography during leg exer cise on a bicycle ergometer. In three highly practiced subjects, exercise resulted in a small fall in forearm flow and a moderate rise in arterial pressure. Resistance to blood flow was therefore considerably increased. Blocking the vasomotor fibers to forearm skin did not affect this, but blocking the deep nerves to the muscle vessels prevented the increase in vascular resistance during exer cise. Treating the forearm with bretyliurn tosylate had the same effect as deep nerve block. It was concluded that vasoconstrictor tone in muscle is increased during exercise. Since treating the forearm with atropine did not affect the normal response, it was concluded that activation of vasodilator fibers to muscle is not an integral part of the gen eral vasomotor response to exercise. Evidence was also found that the vasodilator outflow to a specific muscle group is not specifically activated when the muscle group in question is exercised. During fairly heavy exercise, vasodilatation occurred in both hand and forearm skin. In the hand this was preceded by vasoconstric tion. Evidence was found that the vasodila tation in the hand was due to release of vaso constrictor tone, whereas that in the forearm was mediated through vasodilator fibers. It is likely that the increase in heat production during exercise was responsible for the reflex vasodilatation in skin.
Inhibition of the glycolytic enzymes in the trypanosome: An approach in the development of new leads in the therapy of parasitic diseases
Authors: Jacques Perie, Isabelle Riviere-Alric, Casimir Blonski, Thierry Gefflaut, Nancy Lauth de Viguerie, Murielle Trinquier, Michèle Willson, Fred R. Opperdoes, Mia Callens
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1993)
MLL-AF6 fusion oncogene sequesters AF6 into the nucleus to trigger RAS activation in myeloid leukemia
Authors: Elena Manara, Emma Baron, Claudia Tregnago, Sanja Aveic, Valeria Bisio, Silvia Bresolin, Riccardo Masetti, Franco Locatelli, Giuseppe Basso, Martina Pigazzi
Journal: Blood (2014)
Risk stratification for open heart surgery.
Authors: K. M. Taylor, P. K. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Though these figures do not show absolute accuracy in data collection, they suggest that the quality of the data is much better than the reputed norm for data collected routinely in the NHS.We believe that a system of data collection based close to the clinical team and well integrated with the process of care (both attributes of the system in North West Thames) offers a better opportunity for accuracy than a centralised system covering a whole hospital.Although it is inappropriate to consider database analysis as some sort of replace- ment for prospective research, we believe that our results show that routine data collection can be made sufficiently reliable for such studies to be of value to clinicians.
Dasatinib or imatinib in newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia: 2-year follow-up from a randomized phase 3 trial (DASISION)
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Neil P. Shah, Jorge E. Cortes, Michele Baccarani, Mohan B. Agarwal, María Soledad Undurraga, Jianxiang Wang, Juan Julio Kassack Ipiña, Dong-Wook Kim, Michinori Ogura, Carolina Pavlovsky, Christian Junghanss, Jorge H. Milone, Franck E. Nicolini, Tadeusz Robak, Jan Van Droogenbroeck, Edo Vellenga, M. Brigid Bradley-Garelik, Chao Zhu, Andreas Hochhaus
Journal: Blood (2011)
Bloodletting Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Parallel to Reducing Liver Iron in Carriers of <i>HFE</i> Gene Mutations
Authors: Luca Valenti, Paola Dongiovanni, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Silvia Fargion
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

Equitani et al. (1) reported on the effect of iron depletion by phlebotomy on insulin resistance and release in 17 carriers of mutations of hereditary hemochromatosis HFE gene with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). They found that iron depletion ameliorated insulin sensitivity and secretion and reduced hepatic iron stores and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis activity score, and they concluded that results justify glucose tolerance testing and preventive iron depletion in asymptomatic carriers …
Patients' Confusion From Drug Substitution
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently my patients have complained of disturbing experiences with generic drugs, which have unnerved them. Pharmacists have filled prescriptions with generic drugs of a different size, shape, and color. My patients have been concerned that the prescriptions were not filled properly. They have not believed the pharmacists who reassured them that the generic drug was the proper drug and was of the appropriate dosage. This has often been a difficult situation for me. As long as generic drugs vary so much in appearance from the brand name preparation, there will always be doubt in the mind of the patient. As the confidence of the patient is so necessary in the physician-patient relationship, this new element must be given considerable attention.
Prognostic implications of mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (<i>EGFR</i>) and <i>KRAS</i> among never-smokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung.
Authors: P. K. Paik, M. L. Johnson, S. P. D'Angelo, C. Sima, Y. Y. Janjigian, G. J. Riely, M. G. Kris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10530 Background: While patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung who have never smoked have a longer median survival when compared to former and current smokers (Janjigian et. al., Cancer, in press), whether mutations in EGFR or KRAS predict outcomes in these patients has not been characterized. Methods: We reviewed 2,084 consecutive patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma between November 2002 and October 2009. Testing for KRAS and the EGFR exon 19 deletion and L858R mutation was performed as previously described. Clinical outcomes and patient characteristics were collected, and survival analysis performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. Results: We identified 537 never-smokers. Early stage (I-IIIA): 175 (33%). Advanced stage (IIIB-IV): 362 (66%). EGFR mutations were present in 92 (53%) patients with early stage disease and 173 patients (48%) with advanced disease. KRAS mutations were identified in 10 patients (6%) with early-stage disease and 19 patients (5%) with advanced disease. Survival data are summarized below (Table). Conclusions: Among never-smokers with advanced lung adenocarcinoma, the presence of an activating EGFR mutation is associated with longer survival. Among never-smokers with stage I-IIIA lung adenocarcinoma, KRAS mutation is associated with a worse overall survival. Patients who never smoked cigarettes should undergo mutation testing to identify the presence of EGFR and KRAS mutations, important predictive and prognostic factors. Stage Genotype 3-year OS 95% CI Survival difference Log-rank p value Early (I-III) EGFR WT 71% 54-83% 15%, favoring mutant p = 0.2 EGFR mutant 86% 71-93% KRAS WT 81% 69-88% 45%, favoring WT p = 0.001 KRAS mutant 36% 5-70% Advanced (IIIB/IV) EGFR WT 29% 19-39% 19%, favoring mutant p = 0.01 EGFR mutant 48% 39-57% KRAS WT 40% 33-47% 5%, favoring WT p = 0.3 KRAS mutant 35% 13-58% Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim
Long-Term Integrity of Renal Function in Cadaver Allografts
Authors: Weldon D. Shelp
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In general, renal transplant recipients of cadaver kidneys fare less well than recipients of living related donor kidneys in regard to incidence of rejection episodes and stability of renal function. Specific renal function measurements of four cadaver recipients surviving a mean of 29 months without experiencing rejection are compared with those of seven well-matched living related donor recipients who have maintained optimal stability of renal function a minimum of one year following transplant. Renal function of the cadaver group compared favorably and in certain instances exceeded that of the living donor group. These data indicate that even without histocompatibility testing, transplantation of cadaver kidneys can occasionally result in a sustained preservation of renal function which closely parallels that seen in well-matched recipients. Excluding chance histocompatibility, the factors related to such therapeutic success are unknown.
PKCζ-Regulated Inflammation in the Nonhematopoietic Compartment Is Critical for Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Sang Jun Lee, Ji Young Kim, Ruben Nogueiras, Juan F. Linares, Diego Perez-Tilve, Dae Young Jung, Hwi Jin Ko, Susanna M. Hofmann, Angela Drew, Michael Leitges, Jason K. Kim, Matthias H. Tschöp, Maria T. Diaz-Meco, Jorge Moscat
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Challenging Report on Pregnancy and Drug Abuse
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Research Policy: Glimpses of the National Institutes of Health II: review systems and evaluation
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1988)

to examine the provision of intensive care facilities in our hospital.The fact that our figures, which may be verified with names and addresses, showed 22% more work being carried out than the figures available to the health authority showed, has obvious implications for the costing of our service.Finally, surgeons often make judgments on the basis of available statistics for mortality for a procedure; the availability of up to date statistics from the unit concerned is an advantage in advising patients. CONCLUSIONThis audit helped to establish norms for our unit; it allowed us to recognise variations in results and to act when necessary to improve our results.The more the microcomputer was used for routine tasks in the department the easier it became to complete the audit.I suggest that a system such as ours should become part of the normal running of all surgical units.My senior registrar Mr R Dale gave invaluable help in developing the current computer program.
Polymeric Diet Alone Versus Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Active Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Open-Label Trial
Authors: Osvaldo Borrelli, Letizia Cordischi, Manuela Cirulli, Massimiliano Paganelli, Valeria Labalestra, Stefania Uccini, Paolo M. Russo, Salvatore Cucchiara
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2006)
Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Patients
Authors: Carlos A. Reyes-Ortiz
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Despite Dr Resnick's excellent discussion in the Clinical Crossroads article on urinary incontinence,<sup>1</sup>I think the patient's incontinence is much more complex. The voiding record of Mrs S revealed nocturnal enuresis.<sup>1</sup>Burgio et al<sup>2</sup>found that 2% of community-dwelling older adults had nocturnal enuresis; its prevalence was significantly greater among women compared with men (2.9% vs 1.0%,<i>P</i>&lt;.001), and it was associated with poorer therapeutic outcomes, compared with the more common forms of daytime incontinence. These authors also found that enuresis was significantly related to symptoms of congestive heart failure, and subjects with mixed stress and urge incontinence during the day were most likely also to have nocturnal enuresis, compared with those with only 1 type of incontinence. Therefore, enuresis appears to be a special type of incontinence and is not as well understood in older patients. Even though Resnick argued that vasopressin
Disseminating Research Findings
Authors: Myura Nagendran, Justin B. Dimick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
United Kingdom back pain exercise and manipulation (UK BEAM) trial
Authors: Timothy R Church
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Developing primary palliative care Continuity of care is paramount but needs to be tailored individuallyEditor-Riley suggests that completion of a form detailing palliative care management should be mandatory for general practitioners. 1 I have spent a great deal of time promoting palliative medicine in primary care, with variable success.Much depends on the individual practitioner's experience and interest, which probably accounts for the variable success of handover forms to communicate with out of hours services.Making this a compulsory part of general practice might bring all practice to the same level.But the initial answer to the question, "Would I be surprised if my patient died in the next 12 months?"would then make the difference.Cynical practitioners would probably answer no for nearly all of their patients, for the longer you practise the less often you are surprised.But, in truth, for many patients in general practice the answer to this question would be no: many elderly patients who live in nursing or residential homes, nearly all patients with chronic disease, including heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neurological disease, and so on.The workload in handing these patients over to the out of hours service would be huge, more so for the out of hours service than the individual practice.Continuity of care for patients who most need it is paramount, including all those with chronic disease.However, more sophisticated systems are needed to meet patient needs: perhaps different systems for different diseases, possibly different systems for each stage of a disease.Whatever the system, it must meet the needs of the individual patient.This entails dialogue between primary care (including out of hours), secondary care, and tertiary care to thrash out the detail.
So You Want To Be A Brain Surgeon?
Authors: D. Warriner, V. Ramjiani
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Careers advice given at school is renowned for having a low positive predictive value and, being based on level five evidence (that is, expert opinion), often leads to the stifling of ambition, condemning teenagers to careers in which they have no interest. Careers advice at medical school was no different, at least until this book came along in the late 1990s. So You Want To Be A Brain Surgeon? is a humorous, factual, and well researched guide to careers in medicine for school leavers, medical students, and junior doctors. The book considers disciplines from sports medicine to …