tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Successive Heat Waves in Michigan in 1962 and 1963
Authors: Stanley H. Schuman, Charles P. Anderson, James T. Oliver
Journal: JAMA (1964)

A sharp rise in the number of deaths occurred during each of two heat waves taking place in Detroit in successive years (May, 1962, and June-July, 1963). Persons aged 60 years or more were at special risk, and cerebrovascular accident was unduly prominent among reported causes of death. When the experience of 1962-1963 is compared with an equivalent in 1953-1955, the increase of cerebrovascular accident among recent heat-related deaths is striking. Among etiological factors to be explored in a follow-up case study of heat victims in Detroit are predisposing or contributing clinical diseases, unusual exposure to environmental heat, and the frequency of electrolyte and drug regimens, particularly those including the newer diuretics and hypotensive agents.
Apolipoprotein AI and alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Thierry Poynard, Annie Abella, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Sylvie Naveau, Robert Leluc, Jean-Claude Chaput
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

A prospective study of apolipoprotein AI has been undertaken in 581 alcoholic patients and in 100 controls in order to describe the changes of apolipoprotein AI according to the different stages of the alcoholic liver disease, to correlate the changes to serum liver tests and to estimate its diagnosis and prognostic value. Results showed that apolipoprotein AI concentration is highly related to the degree of liver injury, reaching a maximum in patients with steatosis (229 +/- 90 mg per dl), beginning to decrease in patients with fibrosis (188 +/- 88 mg per dl) and reaching a minimum in patients with severe cirrhosis (91 +/- 46 mg per dl). Apolipoprotein AI had an independent and discriminative value for the diagnosis of fibrosis (p less than 0.001) vs. steatosis and for the diagnosis of cirrhotic vs. noncirrhotic fibrosis (p less than 0.001) or vs. acute alcoholic hepatitis without cirrhosis (p less than 0.001). Cirrhotic patients with apolipoprotein AI less than 100 mg per dl had a lower survival rate at 1 year (62 +/- 7%) than patients with greater value (80 +/- 6%; p less than 0.05), but this prognostic value disappeared in multivariate analysis when other known prognostic factors were taken into account.
US teaching hospitals must address conflicts of interest, leadership group says
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Association of American Medical Colleges called on US teaching hospitals to set policies regarding financial relationships between doctors and the drug and device industry so that they do not influence patient care.

The association represents all 133 accredited US and 17 Canadian medical schools and nearly 400 teaching hospitals, as well as academic and scientific societies. Through these connections it represents 128 000 faculty members, 75 000 medical students, and 110 000 resident physicians. The report was prepared by a task force convened last year.

In a teleconference Dr Joanne Conroy, the association’s chief medical officer, said that institutions should develop systems to address conflicts of interest in clinical care to protect patients. Fewer than 1% of …
Effects of combination treatment using anti-hyperuricaemic agents with fenofibrate and/or losartan on uric acid metabolism
Authors: S Takahashi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

To assess the effect of a combination treatment using anti-hyperuricaemic agents with fenofibrate and/or losartan on uric acid metabolism in hypertriglyceridaemic and/or hypertensive patients with gout.Twenty seven patients with gout were included in a fenofibrate plus anti-hyperuricaemic agents combination study, and 25 in a losartan plus anti-hyperuricaemic agents combination study. Serum uric acid concentration, uric acid clearance, and 24 hour urinary uric acid excretion were measured before and two months after the addition of fenofibrate (300 mg once daily) or losartan (50 mg once daily) to anti-hyperuricaemic agents.Combination therapy of fenofibrate or losartan with anti-hyperuricaemic agents, which included benzbromarone (50 mg once daily) or allopurinol (200 mg twice a day), significantly reduced serum uric acid concentrations in accordance with increased uric acid excretion.A combination of fenofibrate or losartan with anti-hyperuricaemic agents is a good option for the treatment of gout patients with hypertriglyceridaemia and/or hypertension, though the additional hypouricaemic effect may be modest.
Component-resolved diagnosis of kiwifruit allergy with purified natural and recombinant kiwifruit allergens
Authors: Merima Bublin, Marina Pfister, Christian Radauer, Christina Oberhuber, Sean Bulley, Åsa Marknell DeWitt, Jonas Lidholm, Gerald Reese, Stefan Vieths, Heimo Breiteneder, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Barbara K. Ballmer-Weber
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
MDM2 phenotypic and genotypic profiling, respective to TP53 genetic status, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab-CHOP immunochemotherapy: a report from the International DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium Program
Authors: Zijun Y. Xu-Monette, Michael B. Møller, Alexander Tzankov, Santiago Montes-Moreno, Wenwei Hu, Ganiraju C. Manyam, Louise Kristensen, Lei Fan, Carlo Visco, Karen Dybkær, April Chiu, Wayne Tam, Youli Zu, Govind Bhagat, Kristy L. Richards, Eric D. Hsi, William W. L. Choi, J. Han van Krieken, Qin Huang, Jooryung Huh, Weiyun Ai, Maurilio Ponzoni, Andrés J. M. Ferreri, Lin Wu, Xiaoying Zhao, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Sa A. Wang, Ronald S. Go, Yong Li, Jane N. Winter, Miguel A. Piris, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Ken H. Young
Journal: Blood (2013)
Subcutaneous Injection of Metallic Mercury
Authors: Ivan T. Krohn
Journal: JAMA (1980)

METALLIC mercury poisoning is unusual. Oral intake of metallic mercury is usually of no consequence to the patient's health. However, subcutaneous or intravenous injection of mercury poses a definite health hazard. We present a case of intentional self-injection of metallic mercury; systemic mercury absorption was monitored by laboratory determinations of mercury concentrations in serum and urine. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 13-year-old boy, who had a history of destructive and attention-getting behavior, drank a tablespoonful of metallic mercury nine days before hospital admission "to see what would happen." There was no apparent reaction, and two days before admission, he injected metallic mercury subcutaneously in six different sites using one of his mother's insulin syringes. He estimated that he had injected 0.1 mL into each site, which became painful. At the time of admission, there were two small, nonfluctuant, tender masses on the left forearm, two on the dorsum of the
Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma revealed by a solitary nodule in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Authors: F J Roux, C Bancal, M C Dombret, E Bouvet, A Sautet, G Murciano, M Aubier
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Kaposi's sarcoma is very common in patients with AIDS. Usually, skin lesions are associated with various visceral involvements. A homosexual patient with AIDS presented with cough and dyspnea, which were followed months later by hemoptysis. He had no skin lesions or endobronchial Kaposi's sarcoma at any time. His chest radiograph showed only an irregular solitary nodule. It exhibited very slow development over time. Surgery was performed, and this solitary nodule proved to be pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma. Pulmonary Kaposi was the sole manifestation of this associated AIDS sarcoma. This very unusual case report of pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma indicates that this diagnosis should be considered in patients with AIDS presenting with a solitary pulmonary nodule.
Atypical Presentations of Orbital Cellulitis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Marc T. Mathias, Michael B. Horsley, Louise A. Mawn, Stephen J. Laquis, Kenneth V. Cahill, Jill Foster, Malena M. Amato, Vikram D. Durairaj
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Osteopontin splice variants expressed by breast tumors regulate monocyte activation via MCP-1 and TGF-β1
Authors: Jintang Sun, Alei Feng, Songyu Chen, Yun Zhang, Qi Xie, Meixiang Yang, Qianqian Shao, Jia Liu, Qifeng Yang, Beihua Kong, Xun Qu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2013)
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Vera Bittner
Journal: Circulation (2012)

C ardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multidisciplinary, second- ary prevention treatment modality 1 that reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with coronary heart disease and improves symptoms, functional capacity, metabolic status, depression, and health-related quality of life. 2,3A recent analysis suggested that CR contributed significantly to the reduction in coronary heart disease mortality observed in the United States between 1980 and 2000 and that the risk reduction attributable to CR was comparable to reductions attributed to postevent aspirin, ␤-blocker, angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor, statin, and warfarin therapy as well as to risk reductions attributed to acute thrombolysis and revascularization. 4CR is considered a Class I indication after acute coronary syndrome, coronary revascularization, and for stable angina, but remains underutilized with low referral, low enrollment, and low completion rates and considerable disparities in access. 5,6 Article see p 677Many of the benefits of CR were demonstrated in clinical trials that predate contemporary treatments for coronary heart disease, in patient populations cared for in tertiary care settings, or in large administrative data sets which lack granularity regarding patients' clinical characteristics, disease severity, and concomitant therapy. 3,7,8In this issue of Circulation, Martin et al 9 assessed mortality rates, hospitalizations, cardiac hospitalizations, and emergency department visits among 5886 individuals who had undergone cardiac catheterization, had detailed data collected at the time of the index event, and were referred to a single, centralized, communitybased CR program within 1 year of the index event.Median follow-up was 5.37 years.More than 40% of eligible patients who were referred chose not to attend, and an additional 9% enrolled but did not complete the program.Compared to CR completers, those who did not enroll or did not complete were older and sicker, more likely to be women, and more likely to be economically disadvantaged.CR completers had the lowest mortality rate, lowest hospitalization rates, and fewest emergency room visits.The relationship between CR com-
F-18 FDG PET/CT Findings in A Case of T-Cell Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome With Liver Involvement
Authors: Kazuyoshi Suga, Yasuhiko Kawakami, Atsuto Hiyama, Naofumi Matsunaga, Shinobu Imoto, Naofumi Fukuda, Mutsuko Miyazaki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

This is a report of fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18-FDG PET/CT) findings in a case of T-cell lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, with “periportal low attenuation” and edematous gall-bladder wall thickening. FDG PET/CT showed diffuse intense FDG uptake in the enlarged liver and spleen, with systemic FDG-avid lymphadenopathy including the hepatic hilar nodes. Fused plain CT and subsequent contrast-enhanced CT showed no hepatic parenchymal architectural abnormality but periportal low attenuation and edematous gallbladder wall thickening without FDG uptake. The second FDG PET/CT at 6 months after chemoimmunotherapy showed disappearance of the systemic abnormal FDG uptake including the enlarged hepatic hilar nodes and periportal/gall bladder abnormalities, with improvement of hepatosplenomegaly and laboratory data. This case suggests that FDG PET/CT is useful for detecting hepatic involvement of lymphoma and secondary-activated histiocytes causing a hemophagocytic syndrome, and that periportal low attenuation and an edematous gallbladder wall can be an indirect sign of lymphatic obstruction caused by FDG-avid hepatic hilar lymphadenopathy.
Corticosteroid Therapy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Christian Brun-Buisson, Laurent Brochard
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Personality and Mental Illness: An Essay in Psychiatric Diagnosis
Authors: John Bowlby
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Including volumes originally published between 1910 and 1957, this set clearly shows the evolution of approaches to and definitions of conditions such as nervous anxiety, neuroses, hysteria, delinquency, insanity and mental illness. It provides a compelling insight into how attitudes have changed to such states during this century. Other subjects covered include psychotherapy with children, personality, abnormal psychology, the relationship between brain and personality and psychotic art.
Acute Otitis Media Caused by Ampicillin-Resistant Haemophilus influenzae Type B
Authors: Francis J. Crosson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

IN THE last several years, multiple centers have identified ampicillin-resistant<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type B in septicemia, epiglottitis, meningitis, and other severe childhood infections. Such reports have prompted the recommendation to add chloramphenicol to ampicillin for the initial therapy of these infections in children. More recently, cases of childhood otitis media caused by ampicillin-resistant nontypable<i>H influenzae</i>have been described.<sup>1</sup>Nontypable strains cause most cases of<i>H influenzae</i>otitis media but seldom cause systemic infections.<sup>6</sup>On the other hand,<i>H influenzae</i>type B otitis media has been associated with meningitis or septicemia in 14% of the cases.<sup>2</sup>This report describes a case of otitis media caused by ampicillin-resistant<i>H influenzae</i>type B and emphasizes the need for tympanocentesis in the diagnosis of this infection. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 2-year-old boy was seen in the Pediatric Clinic of the National Naval Medical Center in January 1975 with bilateral
Hemangioma of Vertebral Body
Authors: Paul C. Bucy
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The answer given to a question regarding hemangioma of the vertebra (<i>JAMA</i><b>183:</b>608 [Feb 9] 1963) has been prepared by a distinguished orthopedic surgeon and, I am sure, represents an extensive experience with these tumors of the spine. However, the facts cited in the question here impressed me somewhat differently, and my experience with these tumors suggests a different answer. It is true that hemangiomas are not uncommon tumors of the spine, although I would not classify them as "very frequent." It is also true that they may be asymptomatic. On the other hand, they may give rise to serious symptoms, either those of local pain or of compression of the nervous tissues in the spinal canal, or both. In view of the fact that the pain in this case was localized to the area of the hemangioma, it seems to me most likely that this
Opioids for dyspnoea
Authors: M F Muers
Journal: Thorax (2002)

Opioids have a role in the treatment of severe dyspnoea, but careful monitoring of their effects is essential.

To understand, define, and treat dyspnoea is difficult. It is an underappreciated problem in respiratory medicine, cardiology, and palliative medicine, and it is often hard to know when to supplement the treatment of an underlying disease by pure palliation. In this issue of Thorax Jennings et al 1 present a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of opioids as treatment for dyspnoea, which shows that opioids do reduce dyspnoea in a variety of settings, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cancer. What inferences for clinical practice in primary care, secondary care, or specialist palliative care can be drawn from this finding? And what impact ought it to have?

Dyspnoea is a perception, and perceptions are affected by more than physiological variables. Although simple statements such as “dyspnoea is an uncomfortable sensation of breathing”2 may suffice as a shorthand definition of dyspnoea, the American Thoracic Society has suggested the following broader description: “. . . dyspnoea is a term used to characterise a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity. The experience derives from interactions among multiple physiological, psychological, social and environmental factors that may induce secondary physiological and behavioural responses”.3 It therefore follows that methods of treating dyspnoea could include reducing the metabolic demand for ventilation, increasing the efficiency of the respiratory system as a gas exchanger, decreasing central respiratory drive, or reducing the perception of dyspnoea. This itself could include diminishing or altering psychosocial factors as well as pharmacological treatment.

Opioid treatment for the relief of dyspnoea is thus only one of many treatments available, with other examples being supplemental oxygen,4 chest wall vibration,5 pulmonary rehabilitation including lifestyle modification, …
miR-142-3p Prevents Macrophage Differentiation during Cancer-Induced Myelopoiesis
Authors: Nada Sonda, Francesca Simonato, Elisa Peranzoni, Bianca Calì, Stefania Bortoluzzi, Andrea Bisognin, Ena Wang, Francesco M. Marincola, Luigi Naldini, Bernhard Gentner, Christian Trautwein, Sara Dutton Sackett, Paola Zanovello, Barbara Molon, Vincenzo Bronte
Journal: Immunity (2013)
Obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Authors: S. D West, H. A McBeath, J. R Stradling
Journal: BMJ (2009)

#### Case scenario A 50 year old long distance lorry driver attends for a review of his heavy goods vehicle licence. His body mass index is 30, and he says his wife complains that he snores loudly. The history of loud snoring in this overweight man should raise concern about possible obstructive sleep apnoea. As he is a lorry driver this diagnosis is particularly important. Obstructive sleep apnoea is characterised by snoring, recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep (apnoeas and hypopnoeas), and arousals. The resulting sleep disturbance can cause excessive and disabling daytime sleepiness. The term obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is used for people who have features of obstructive sleep apnoea on a sleep study and also have resulting daytime sleepiness. #### How common is it?
Measurement of sulphated glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycan fragments in arthritic synovial fluid.
Authors: G Carroll
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Immunoreactive proteoglycans (iPGs) and sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were assayed in synovial fluid obtained from 22 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), 21 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 13 with gout, and five with Reiter9s syndrome. A strong positive linear correlation was observed between concentrations of sulphated GAGs and iPGs in RA (r = 0.95) and gout (r = 0.94). A linear correlation was also observed in OA (r = 0.65). Patients with gout and Reiter9s syndrome had significantly higher concentrations of sulphated GAGs and iPGs than patients with OA or RA. Patients with gout also had significantly higher total quantities of sulphated GAGs and iPGs in the knee joint cavity than patients with OA or RA. In all four diseases similar profiles were observed when comparisons were made between the total quantities and concentrations of sulphated GAGs and iPGs in synovial fluid. These results indicate that the observed differences in concentrations are not simply a function of dilution. The concentrations of sulphated GAGs and iPGs did not correlate closely with the type or number of inflammatory cells in the synovial fluid. Considerable variation was noted in the sulphated GAG/iPG ratios, suggesting that different mechanisms may be contributing to the release of proteoglycans in the diseases studied.
Drugs industry urged to develop medicines for children
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The European Commission is urging the pharmaceutical industry to develop medicines that are especially suitable for children.

The initiative is designed to remedy the situation whereby 50-90% of medicinal products given to people aged under 16 years have never been specifically evaluated for use in children.

In a new consultation paper, the commission maintains that the absence of specific paediatric formulations may cause problems for Europe's 80 million younger patients when trying to swallow tablets and could lead to serious calculation errors when adult dosages are adjusted for the treatment of …
Written Action Plan in Pediatric Emergency Room Improves Asthma Prescribing, Adherence, and Control
Authors: Francine M. Ducharme, Roger L. Zemek, Dominic Chalut, David McGillivray, Francisco J. D. Noya, Sandy Resendes, Lyudmyla Khomenko, Rachel Rouleau, Xun Zhang
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

An acute-care visit for asthma often signals a management failure. Although a written action plan is effective when combined with self-management education and regular medical review, its independent value remains controversial.We examined the efficacy of providing a written action plan coupled with a prescription (WAP-P) to improve adherence to medications and other recommendations in a busy emergency department.We randomized 219 children aged 1-17 years to receive WAP-P (n = 109) or unformatted prescription (UP) (n = 110). All received fluticasone and albuterol inhalers, fitted with dose counters, to use at the discretion of the emergency physician. The main outcome was adherence to fluticasone (use/prescribed × 100%) over 28 days. Secondary outcomes included pharmacy dispensation of oral corticosteroids, β(2)-agonist use, medical follow-up, asthma education, acute-care visits, and control.Although both groups showed a similar drop in adherence in the initial 14 days, adherence to fluticasone was significantly higher over Days 15-28 in children receiving WAP-P (mean group difference, 16.13% [2.09, 29.91]). More WAP-P than UP patients filled their oral corticosteroid prescription (relative risk, 1.31 [1.07, 1.60]) and were well-controlled at 28 days (1.39 [1.04, 1.86]). Compared with UP, use of WAP-P increased physicians' prescription of maintenance fluticasone (2.47 [1.53, 3.99]) and recommendation for medical follow-up (1.87 [1.48, 2.35]), without group differences in other outcomes.Provision of a written action plan significantly increased patient adherence to inhaled and oral corticosteroids and asthma control and physicians' recommendation for maintenance fluticasone and medical follow-up, supporting its independent value in the acute-care setting. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00381355).