tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcus and Teichoic Acid
Authors: R. RUSSELL MARTIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 November 1972Staphylococcus and Teichoic AcidR. RUSSELL MARTIN, M.D.R. RUSSELL MARTIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-5-813 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the July 1972 issue (1), Drs. Crowder and White have documented the usefulness of antibodies to staphylococcal teichoic acid in the diagnosis of endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Since staphylococcal endocarditis is a diagnosis that must often be considered when a febrile illness develops after cardiac surgery or in drug addicts with acute infections, the simple and rapid gel diffusion screening test for abnormal levels of antibodies can be an important adjunct to the blood culture in evaluating these and other patients who might have staphylococcal endocarditis.Although only about one half of patients with documented...References1. CROWDERWHITE JA: Teichoic acid antibodies in staphylococcal and nonstaphylococcal endocarditis. Ann Intern Med 77:87-90, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. MARTINDAUGHARTYWHITE RHA: Staphylococcal antibodies and hypersensitivity to teichoic acids in man. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1965:91-96, 1966 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. RUSSELL MARTIN, M.D.Affiliations: Baylor College of Medicine Texas Medical Center Houston, Tex. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLegal Considerations of Forensic Applications of Epidemiology in the United StatesSymposium on Staphylococcal Septicaemia and Endocarditis. Lund, Sweden, March 17–18, 1983Staphylococcus aureus: Cellular biology and clinical applicationEffects of Staphylococcal Cell Wall Products on ImmunityCounterimmunoelectrophoretic Detection of a High Incidence of Precipitin Reactions in Normal Human Sera Against Staphylococcal Teichoic Acids and Protein ATeichoic Acid Antibodies in Chronic Staphylococcal OsteomyelitisPHILIP A. MACKOWIAK, M.D., JAMES W. SMITH, M.D.Teichoic Acid Antibodies in the Diagnosis of Serious Infections with Staphylococcus aureusCARMELITA U. TUAZON, M.D., JOHN N. SHEAGREN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Teichoic AcidsTeichoic Acid Serologic Diagnosis of Staphylococcal Endocarditis Use of Gel Diffusion and Counterimmunoelectrophoretic MethodsJOERG G. NAGEL, M.D., CARMELITA U. TUAZON, M.D., THOMAS A. CARDELLA, M.D., JOHN N. SHEAGREN, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 November 1972Volume 77, Issue 5Page: 813-814KeywordsAddictsAntibodiesCardiac surgeryEndocarditisHematologic testsStaphylococcal infectionStaphylococcusStaphylococcus aureus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
DIgR2, dendritic cell-derived immunoglobulin receptor 2, is one representative of a family of IgSF inhibitory receptors and mediates negative regulation of dendritic cell-initiated antigen-specific T-cell responses
Authors: Liyun Shi, Kun Luo, Dajing Xia, Taoyong Chen, Guoyou Chen, Yingming Jiang, Nan Li, Xuetao Cao
Journal: Blood (2006)
Impact on Nursing Home Staff of Training About Death and Dying
Authors: Margaret W. Linn
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The aim of the study was to test an educational program for nursing home personnel concerning working with dying patients. Ten community nursing homes were randomly assigned to experimental (training) or control (no training) conditions. Staff members in all homes were pretested on their anxieties about death, attitudes, knowledge, and skill in working with the dying. After training, experimental staff members (N = 296) had more fear of their own deaths and less fear of the dying of others than control subjects (N = 290). Also, trained staff had better attitudes toward caring for the dying patient and dealing with the family, as well as improved knowledge and skill. Data support the value of training, even though sessions may temporarily increase anxiety of staff members about their own deaths.
What value case reports?
Authors: M Doherty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

What value case reports?"It is certainly a very curious and suggestive case.What do you think Watson?"' Purpose of report * surveillance for rare events * hypothesis generation * in-depth study of one or a few patients to further understanding of disease mechanism * sharing experience of unusual clinical experience Limitations of case reports * very prone to bias and chance * cannot be used to determine prevalence, risk or outcome * usually cannot test hypotheses * cannot extrapolate to general experience I
Immunohistochemical localization of low density lipoprotein receptors in adrenal gland, liver, and intestine.
Authors: L G Fong, E Bonney, J C Kosek, A D Cooper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The localization of LDL receptors in adrenal gland, liver, and intestine was studied using immunohistochemistry. The anti-LDL receptor antibody used was shown to be monospecific and did not react with striated muscle, a tissue which has a very low level of LDL receptors. Similarly, cerebral cortex showed only faint reactivity and that was to an area previously demonstrated to have LDL receptors. Adrenal gland was intensely reactive with the zona fasciculata, having a greater density of receptors than the zona reticularis. In normal liver, LDL receptors were present on the sinusoidal membranes and were sparse in the areas of hepatocyte-to-hepatocyte contact without an obvious portal to central gradient. LDL receptors were present throughout the intestine. In jejunum, staining was most intense at the base of the villus and extended up toward the villus tip. At the base of the villus, the receptor was primarily at the basal lateral membrane, but toward the villus tip, there was appreciable intracellular staining. Staining in crypts was more faint; in duodenum, staining in crypts equaled that in the villus region in intensity. In colon, there was intense staining throughout the epithelial cells. These results provide new information about the cellular and subcellular localization of LDL receptors and raise the interesting possibility that there is a role for LDL-derived cholesterol in new lipoprotein formation.
Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa keratinocytes display heterogeneous defects of nicein/kalinin gene expression.
Authors: C Baudoin, C Miquel, C Blanchet-Bardon, C Gambini, G Meneguzzi, J P Ortonne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Previous studies have correlated the Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (H-JEB) to an altered expression of the basement membrane component nicein/kalinin. This heterotrimeric glycoprotein appears to be present in H-JEB tissues in an abnormal form, because a number of antibodies specific to the protein either do not react with or weakly stain the epidermal basement membranes of most of the patients. With cDNA probes encoding each subunit of nicein and polyclonal antibodies raised against bacterial fusion polypeptides corresponding to the individual chains of the protein, we have molecularly analyzed the expression of nicein in H-JEB tissues and cultured keratinocytes. By immunohistochemistry, Northern blot, and protein analysis, we show a defective synthesis of one of the nicein subunits in six cases of H-JEB from five different consanguineous families. In two patients, the disease correlates with an impaired synthesis of the nicein B2 (nic B2) chain, in three others with that of the B1 (nic B1) chain, and in a sixth patient with that of the heavy A (nic A) chain. In this report, we thus demonstrate that H-JEB is a genetically heterogeneous disease and we provide strong evidence that the genes of nicein are the candidates for this genodermatosis.
Chlorpropamide alcohol flush and circulating met-enkephalin: a positive link.
Authors: S Medbak, J A Wass, V Clement-Jones, E D Cooke, S A Bowcock, A G Cudworth, L H Rees
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Chlorpropamide-alcohol flushing may be due to sensitivity to endogenous opiates. To investigate this possibility the plasma met-enkephalin and beta-endorphin responses to sherry with and without chlorpropamide were studied in six patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes and in six normal subjects. After chlorpropamide all patients showed a rise in met-enkephalin concentrations from a basal level of 50 +/- 7.2 ng/l to a peak of 75 +/- 8.1 ng/l (p less than 0.001). In contrast, before chlorpropamide treatment was started met-enkephalin values did not change after alcohol. No significant changes in beta-endorphin values were observed. In six normal subjects pretreated with chlorpropamide the met-enkephalin concentration also rose from a basal level of 72 +/- 15 ng/l to a peak of 103 +/- 9.4 ng/l (p less than 0.002). Again, the met-enkephalin rise was not observed after placebo. Neither beta-endorphin concentrations nor facial temperature changed significantly. These data suggest that endogenous opiates may be implicated in CPAF. Furthermore, this is the first study in which a significant change in circulating met-enkephalin values has occurred.
Pay-for-Performance and Accountability
Authors: Mahesh Krishnamurthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters5 June 2007Pay-for-Performance and AccountabilityMahesh Krishnamurthy, MDMahesh Krishnamurthy, MDFrom Easton Hospital, Easton, PA 18042.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:How many clinical outcomes are actually based on physician care? This is the basic question we need to address before we can discuss the pay-for-performance initiative. A well-designed study on managed care patients clearly indicated that patient factors substantially influenced outcomes (1). The cost of medications and the age and sex of the patients were among many things that determined whether patients decided to follow their physicians' advice. It is also well known that racial and ethnic disparities already exist in our health care system (2). Besides, studies have suggested that adherence to current clinical guidelines in ...References1. Schultz JS, O'Donnell JC, McDonough KL, Sasane R, Meyer J. Determinants of compliance with statin therapy and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment in a managed care population. Am J Manag Care. 2005;11:306-12. [PMID: 15898219] MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Betancourt JR, King RK. Unequal treatment: the Institute of Medicine report and its public health implications [Editorial]. Public Health Rep. 2003;118:287-92. [PMID: 12815075] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Boyd CM, Darer J, Boult C, Fried LP, Boult L, Wu AW. Clinical practice guidelines and quality of care for older patients with multiple comorbid diseases: implications for pay for performance. JAMA. 2005;294:716-24. [PMID: 16091574] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Rowe JW. Pay-for-performance and accountability: related themes in improving health care. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:695-9. [PMID: 17088584] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Easton Hospital, Easton, PA 18042.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPay-for-Performance and Accountability: Related Themes in Improving Health Care John W. Rowe Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Marcy Zwelling Pay-for-Performance and Accountability John W. Rowe Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Christine K. Cassel Pay-for-Performance and Accountability Christine A. Sinsky Metrics 5 June 2007Volume 146, Issue 11Page: 823-824KeywordsConflicts of interestElderlyGamesHealth careHealth care qualityMotivationPatientsPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 5 June 2007 Issue Published: 5 June 2007 CopyrightCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
112 COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF TERLIPRESSIN, SOMATOSTATIN, AND OCTREOTIDE WHEN COMBINED WITH ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT IN ACUTE GASTROESOPHAGEAL VARICEAL BLEEDING: A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Y.S. Seo, S.Y. Park, M.Y. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.Y. Park, H.J. Yim, B.K. Jang, H.S. Kim, T. Hahn, B.I. Kim, J. Heo, W.Y. Tak, S.K. Baik, K.H. Han, J.S. Hwang, S.H. Park, M. Cho, S.H. Urn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Catecholamine metabolic pathways and exercise training. Plasma and urine catecholamines, metabolic enzymes, and chromogranin-A.
Authors: P J Rogers, G M Tyce, R M Weinshilboum, D T O'Connor, K R Bailey, A A Bove
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Because acute exercise increases systemic catecholamines, we sought to determine whether exercise training would alter daily or exercise-related catecholamine release and inactivation. METHODS AND RESULTS In 24-hour urine collections, catecholamines and metabolites provided indexes of overall oxidative deamination, sulfation, and O-methylation. Plasma catecholamines, the sulfoconjugates of each, and chromogranin-A were determined at rest and during exercise in 10 well-trained male subjects and nine minimally trained male subjects (maximal oxygen uptake 55.2 and 42.5 ml/kg/min, respectively), and levels of activities of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), and thermolabile phenolsulfotransferase (TL-PST) were also determined. Plasma-free catecholamines showed minimal differences between the two groups at submaximal exercise (4 minutes) but large differences at maximal exercise, reflecting the different exercise levels attained. Inactivation of plasma catecholamines by sulfation across rest and exercise tended to be greater in the well-trained group, with small increases in both plasma sulfoconjugated dopamine and sulfoconjugated norepinephrine. In the well-trained group, urinary metabolites demonstrated trends toward increased dopamine release (p less than 0.07) and small increases in the daily release of epinephrine and its sulfoconjugated metabolites. Indexes of deamination, sulfoconjugation, and O-methylation, with the exception of a reduced deamination of dopamine and the activities of COMT, MAO-B, and TL-PST were not different in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Despite considerable differences in the exercise activities per week between well-trained and minimally trained individuals, there were minimal differences in the release and metabolism of catecholamines at rest or during exercise.
Organ Transplants: A Patient's Guide
Authors: Robert McCabe
Journal: JAMA (1992)

As the title indicates, H. F. Pizer has enlisted the experiences of the physicians and patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), a pioneering transplant hospital, to compile a true patient's guide. After a brief introductory chapter by Paul Russell, one of the original transplant immunologist-surgeons, the history of transplantation is both eloquently and succinctly presented. Throughout, the authors, all prestigious members of the team, remain unidentified. The problems faced by the patient dying of end-stage organ failure, some of the solutions already found by the transplant community, and unsolved problems are addressed in successive chapters. The well-established United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is discussed in detail, including the critical shortage of organ donors as the primary limiting factor in achieving a successful transplantation for those many who do not live long enough to receive "the gift of life." Subsequent chapters deal with the immune barrier, the second limiting
Immune reaction against the cytoskeleton in coeliac disease
Authors: M G Clemente
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> The cytoskeleton actin network of intestinal microvilli has been found to be rapidly impaired after gluten challenge in coeliac disease (CD). The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of an immune reaction towards cytoskeleton structures such as actin filaments in CD. <h3>METHODS</h3> Eighty three antiendomysial antibody positive CD patients (52 children and 31 adults) were studied at our outpatient clinics from 1996 to 1998 using indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA, and western blotting for antiactin (AAA) and antitissue transglutaminase (TGA) antibodies before and after a gluten free diet (GFD). Sixteen patients with smooth muscle antibody positive autoimmune hepatitis, 21 with inflammatory bowel diseases, seven with small bowel bacterial overgrowth, and 60 healthy subjects were studied as controls. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Fifty nine of 83 CD patients (28/31 adults (90.3%); 31/52 children (59.6%)) were positive for IgA and/or IgG AAA. Seventy seven (92.7%) were positive for IgA TGA. IgA AAA were strongly correlated with more severe degrees of intestinal villous atrophy (p&lt;0.0001; relative risk 86.17). After a GFD, AAA became undetectable within five months. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Apart from the immune reaction against the extracellular matrix, we have described an immune reaction against the cytoskeleton in both children and adults with CD. As AAA are strongly associated with more severe degrees of villous atrophy, they may represent a useful serological marker of severe intestinal atrophy in CD.
Environmental and dietary estrogens and human health: is there a problem?
Authors: S H Safe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

It has been hypothesized that organochlorine pesticides and other environmental and dietary estrogens may be associated with the increased incidence of breast cancer in women and decreased sperm concentrations and reproductive problems in men. However, elevation of organochlorine compounds such as dichlorodipehenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in breast cancer patients is not consistently observed. Reanalysis of the data showing that male sperm counts decreased by over 40% during 1940 to 1990 indicated that inadequate statistical methods were used and that the data did not support a significant decline in sperm count. Humans are exposed to both natural and industrial chemicals which exhibit estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. For example, bioflavonoids, which are widely distributed in foods, and several industrial compounds, including organochlorine pesticides and various phenolic chemicals, exhibit estrogenic activity. Humans are also exposed to chemicals which inhibit estrogen-induced responses such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related chlorinated aromatics, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon combustion products, and indole-3-carbinol, which is found in cruciferous vegetables. Many of the weak estrogenic compounds, including bioflavonoids, are also antiestrogenic at some concentrations. A mass balance of dietary levels of industrial and natural estrogens, coupled with their estimated estrogenic potencies, indicates that the dietary contribution of estrogenic industrial compounds is 0.0000025% of the daily intake of estrogenic flavonoids in the diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysm identifies three new risk loci
Authors: Katsuhito Yasuno, Kaya Bilguvar, Philippe Bijlenga, Siew-Kee Low, Boris Krischek, Georg Auburger, Matthias Simon, Dietmar Krex, Zulfikar Arlier, Nikhil Nayak, Ynte M Ruigrok, Mika Niemelä, Atsushi Tajima, Mikael von und zu Fraunberg, Tamás Dóczi, Florentina Wirjatijasa, Akira Hata, Jordi Blasco, Agi Oszvald, Hidetoshi Kasuya, Gulam Zilani, Beate Schoch, Pankaj Singh, Carsten Stüer, Roelof Risselada, Jürgen Beck, Teresa Sola, Filomena Ricciardi, Arpo Aromaa, Thomas Illig, Stefan Schreiber, Cornelia M van Duijn, Leonard H van den Berg, Claire Perret, Carole Proust, Constantin Roder, Ali K Ozturk, Emília Gaál, Daniela Berg, Christof Geisen, Christoph M Friedrich, Paul Summers, Alejandro F Frangi, Matthew W State, H Erich Wichmann, Monique M B Breteler, Cisca Wijmenga, Shrikant Mane, Leena Peltonen, Vivas Elio, Miriam C J M Sturkenboom, Patricia Lawford, James Byrne, Juan Macho, Erol I Sandalcioglu, Bernhard Meyer, Andreas Raabe, Helmuth Steinmetz, Daniel Rüfenacht, Juha E Jääskeläinen, Juha Hernesniemi, Gabriel J E Rinkel, Hitoshi Zembutsu, Ituro Inoue, Aarno Palotie, François Cambien, Yusuke Nakamura, Richard P Lifton, Murat Günel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Hylton V. Joffe, Nils Kucher, Victor F. Tapson, Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) occurs spontaneously or sometimes develops as a complication of pacemaker use, long-term use of a central venous catheter (CVC), or cancer.To improve our understanding of UEDVT, we compared the demographics, symptoms, risk factors, prophylaxis, and initial management of 324 (6%) patients with central venous catheter (CVC)-associated UEDVT, 268 (5%) patients with non-CVC-associated UEDVT, and 4796 (89%) patients with lower-extremity DVT from a prospective US multicenter DVT registry. The non-CVC-associated UEDVT patients were younger (59.2+/-18.2 versus 64.2+/-16.9 years old; P<0.0001), less often white (65% versus 73%; P<0.01), leaner (body mass index [BMI] 26.8+/-7.1 versus 28.5+/-7.3 kg/m2; P<0.001), and more likely to smoke (19% versus 13%; P=0.02) than the lower-extremity DVT patients. By way of propensity analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis, we determined that an indwelling CVC was the strongest independent predictor of UEDVT (odds ratio [OR], 7.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8 to 9.2). An age of <67 years, a BMI of <25 kg/m2, and hospitalization were the independent predictors of non-CVC-associated UEDVT. Most (68%) UEDVT patients were evaluated while they were inpatients. Only 20% of the 378 UEDVT patients who did not have an obvious contraindication to anticoagulation received prophylaxis at the time of diagnosis.UEDVT risk factors differ from the conventional risk factors for lower-extremity DVT. Our findings identify deficiencies in our current understanding and the prophylaxis of UEDVT and generate hypotheses for future research efforts.