tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lectures ON THE SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF STRIATED MUSCLE: LECTURE III.--Part I. THE PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: J. I. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (1925)

EI MTEICA L JIO, MAL a pad, because thelro is a tendency to sinking backwards of the divided bones at that level.In several cases in which I have found the curvature in the leg bones producing the genti valgum combined with an a,ntero-posterior curve of the tibia producing the ordinary leformity of bow legs I have had to deal with suclh a comibinatioii of deformity by a double osteotoiiiy-tlie nemoval of a wedge from the tipper end of the tibia for the correctioni of the genu valgunm, and removal of a we(lge from the lower part of the bone for the correction of the antero-posterior curve (in this positioii of coieiis wvith the base of the wr-edge anteriorly).
The selective estrogen receptor modulator, raloxifene, improves the severity of myocardial ischemia in canine hearts
Authors: Hisakazu Ogita, Masafumi Kitakaze, Koichi Node, Seiji Takashima, Hiroshi Asanuma, Masanori Asakura, Shoji Sanada, Yoshihiro Asano, Yasunori Shintani, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Accidental hypothermia and impaired temperature homoeostasis in the elderly.
Authors: K J Collins, C Dore, A N Exton-Smith, R H Fox, I C MacDonald, P M Woodward
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A longitudinal study of the age-related decline in thermoregulatory capacity was made in 47 elderly people to try to identify those at risk from spontaneous hypothermia. During the winters of 1971-2 and 1975-6 environmental and body temperature profiles were obtained in the home, and thermoregulatory function was investigated by cooling and warming tests. Environmental temperature and socioeconomic conditions had not changed but the body core-shell temperature gradients were smaller in 1976, indicating progressive thermoregulatory impairment. People at risk of developing hypothermia also seem to have low resting peripheral blood flows, a nonconstrictor pattern of vasomotor response to cold, and a higher incidence of orthostatic hypotension.
Peer review and grant applications
Authors: Bernard A Foveaux
Journal: The Lancet (1997)

Horrobin1 raises several important issues. Although I agree with the general criticism of the system there are several difficulties associated with his proposed solution. According to the example he gives for distribution of funds from the MRC there are 5000 academics in the country. How has this figure been arrived at? Are these academics, clinical academics, or basic scientists employed by Universities, the MRC, the Wellcome Foundation, or a combination of all these? Presumably their salaries do not come from the £275 million cited.
Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Tolerance among Children and Adolescents with Marked Obesity
Authors: Ranjana Sinha, Gene Fisch, Barbara Teague, William V. Tamborlane, Bruna Banyas, Karin Allen, Mary Savoye, Vera Rieger, Sara Taksali, Gina Barbetta, Robert S. Sherwin, Sonia Caprio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Childhood obesity, epidemic in the United States, has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents. We determined the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in a multiethnic cohort of 167 obese children and adolescents.
Rhode Island: Surgical Manpower Changes over Seven Years
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

The publication of the national surgical study (SOSSUS) in 1975–1976 was a clear invitation to repeat the study within a few years, to discover what would happen to surgical manpower and workloads after the study. The studies of Nickerson and her group were particularly inviting for update1 , 2; they had quantified surgical workloads and operative mix in 1970 in four geographic areas of the country, basing data on hospital records and analyzing the work of surgeons according to complexity of procedure, specialty distribution, and board certification. Published during the same period were data on manpower output, residency enrollment, board-certification rate . . .
Curare in Spastic Conditions
Authors: I. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1948)

SIR,-Two years ago, in the early spring of 1946, 1 attended a meeting of practitioners of the Birmingham area at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital; there were about 600 present, and Dr. Dain was in the chair.I painted a picture of the political career of Aneurin Bevan, and I put forward a resolution worded thus, ' That in the opinion of this meeting negotiations with the present Minister of Health are not possible."Dr. Dain was on his feet immediately ; he remonstrated with me for pro- posing this, and he pointed out that if this resolution was carried it would
INCIDENCE OF DISABLING DISEASES
Authors: Abraham Gelperin
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article on diseases of the aged by Drs. Medalia and White inThe Journal, Aug. 16, 1952, page 1433, presented one conclusion that is subject to reevaluation. The emphasis of the study was on the heart and cardiovascular-renal system; however, the conclusion that active tuberculosis was "rare," occurring in only 117 autopsies, 9.3%, is certainly misleading. If one translates this percentage, with due caution, into the population serviced by the two hospitals, and to similar population groups in this country, the serious implications to physicians and the public health must become evident. It would be of interest to know how many of these patients were known to have active tuberculosis before their final hospital admission. Tuberculosis in the older age groups is acknowledged to have become a major facet in tuberculosis control. The use of the word rare was perhaps colored by interest. Certainly cardiovascular syphilis
Minor viral and host genetic polymorphisms can dramatically impact the biologic outcome of an epitope-specific CD8 T-cell response
Authors: Christof Geldmacher, Ian S. Metzler, Sodsai Tovanabutra, Tedi E. Asher, Emma Gostick, David R. Ambrozak, Constantinos Petrovas, Alexandra Schuetz, Njabulo Ngwenyama, Gustavo Kijak, Leonard Maboko, Michael Hoelscher, Francine McCutchan, David A. Price, Daniel C. Douek, Richard A. Koup
Journal: Blood (2009)
Effect of anti-CD18 antibody on myocardial neutrophil accumulation and infarct size after ischemia and reperfusion in dogs.
Authors: M Tanaka, S E Brooks, V J Richard, G P FitzHarris, R C Stoler, R B Jennings, K E Arfors, K A Reimer
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) accumulate in postischemic myocardium and may cause injury to myocardium or to vessels by production of oxygen free radicals or by release of proteases and lipases. PMN accumulation is dependent on adherence to endothelium, which is mediated by a family of glycoproteins on the PMN surface, each of which has a common beta-subunit (CD18). The purpose of this study was to determine whether an antibody (IB4) against the CD18 protein could attenuate PMN accumulation and limit myocardial infarct size. METHODS AND RESULTS F(ab')2 fragments of a mouse monoclonal antibody to human adherence-promoting leukocyte glycoprotein (CD18) were used. Infarct size after 90 minutes of ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion was compared in dogs with (n = 8) and without (n = 8) the anti-CD18 treatment. Myocardial PMN accumulation was assessed with 111In-labeled autologous PMNs. Anti-CD18 treatment significantly reduced the number of PMNs in the ischemic region (19,123 +/- 5,352/mg versus 5,204 +/- 927/mg in the control and treated groups, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). In addition, the ratio of myocardial blood flow (ischemic/nonischemic wall) at 45 minutes into reperfusion was higher in the treated than in the control group (1.18 +/- 0.18 versus 0.69 +/- 0.09; p &lt; 0.05). Nevertheless, infarct size was similar between the control and treated groups (40.5 +/- 7.4% versus 48.5 +/- 4.4% of the area at risk; p = NS). Transmural mean collateral blood flow to the ischemic myocardium was similar between the two groups, and the inverse relation between infarct size and collateral blood flow was not shifted by anti-CD18 therapy. CONCLUSIONS Although PMN accumulation contributed to reduced postischemic microvascular perfusion, it caused insufficient additional myocardial cell death to measurably affect infarct size in this model.
Immunogenicity of the Tuberculosis Vaccine MVA85A Is Reduced by Coadministration with EPI Vaccines in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Gambian Infants
Authors: Martin O. C. Ota, Aderonke A. Odutola, Patrick K. Owiafe, Simon Donkor, Olumuyiwa A. Owolabi, Nathaniel J. Brittain, Nicola Williams, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Adrian V. S. Hill, Richard A. Adegbola, Helen McShane
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

Coadministration with standard vaccines may reduce immunogenicity of tuberculosis vaccine.
Declining use of synovectomy surgery for patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: Figure 1
Authors: S Momohara, K Ikari, T Mochizuki, K Kawamura, S Tsukahara, H Toki, M Hara, N Kamatani, H Yamanaka, T Tomatsu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Several studies from different countries suggest that the rates of orthopaedic surgery have decreased for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in recent years. From the Rochester Epidemiology Project, there was a reduction in the overall rates for all types of joint-related surgery inpatients.1 The California State Hospitalization Database for 1983–2001 reported a decrease in the rate of total knee arthroplasty for patients with RA.2 From Scandinavian countries, there was a decrease of RA-related surgical procedures to the lower limbs in Swedish patients between 1987 and 2001,3 from Denmark a decrease in the incidence rate of total hip arthroplasties due to RA was reported,4 …
Rural HIV/AIDS in the United States
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influence of Hydration Level and Body Fluids on Exercise Performance in the Heat
Authors: Michael N. Sawka
Journal: JAMA (1984)

During exercise in the heat, sweat output often exceeds water intake, resulting in hypohydration, which is defined as a body fluid deficit. This fluid deficit is comprised of water loss from both the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments. Hypohydration during exercise causes a greater heat storage and reduces endurance in comparison with euhydration levels. The greater heat storage is attributed to a decreased sweating rate (evaporative heat loss) as well as a decreased cutaneous blood flow (dry heat loss). These response decrements have been attributed to both plasma hyperosmolality and a plasma hypovolemia. Subject gender, acclimation state, and aerobic fitness do not alter the increased heat storage when hypohydrated. Hyperhydration, or body fluid excess, does not seem to provide a clear advantage during exercise-heat stress, but will delay the development of hypohydration.
Genome-wide Analysis of Cis-regulatory Divergence between Species in the Arabidopsis Genus
Authors: Fei He, Xu Zhang, Jinyong Hu, Franziska Turck, Xue Dong, Ulrike Goebel, Justin Borevitz, Juliette de Meaux
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2012)

Cis-regulatory DNA has been suspected to play a preeminent role in adaptive evolution, but understanding the role of cis-regulatory mutations in gene expression divergence first requires an accurate analysis of the functional differences associated with these regions. We analyzed allele-specific expression (ASE) in leaf and floral tissues of F1 interspecific hybrids generated between the two closely related species Arabidopsis thaliana and A. lyrata with a whole-genome SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) tiling array. We observed 2,205 genes showing ASE pattern in at least one tissue. Nearly 90% of genes displaying ASE preferentially expressed the allele of A. lyrata. Genome-wide comparison of sequence divergence revealed that genes displaying ASE had a higher ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions in coding regions. We further observe that the epigenetic landscape of histone methylation in A. thaliana genome associate with ASE. The asymmetry in the direction of allele-specific expression suggests interspecific differences in the efficiency of gene silencing in F1 hybrids.
End-of-Life Care for Patients With Advanced Dementia
Authors: Ann C. Hurley, Ladislav Volicer, Zuzka V. Blasi
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Defective presentation to class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vaccinia-infected cells is overcome by enhanced degradation of antigen.
Authors: A Townsend, J Bastin, K Gould, G Brownlee, M Andrew, B Coupar, D Boyle, S Chan, G Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Vaccinia infection interferes with the presentation of influenza Haemagglutinin (HA) and Nucleoprotein (NP) to class I-restricted CTL. The inhibitory effect is selective for certain epitopes, and is more profound during the late phase of infection. For influenza A/NT/60/68 NP, the block is present during both early and late phases of infection, and is selective for the COOH-terminal epitope defined by peptide 366-379, having no detectable effect on the presentation of the NH2-terminal epitope 50-63. The presentation of HA is inhibited only during the late phase of vaccinia infection. For both proteins, presentation is partially (NP) or completely (HA) restored by expression of rapidly degraded protein fragments in the vaccinia infected target cell. For HA, deletion of the NH2-terminal signal sequence completely overcomes the block. For NP, either a large NH2-terminal deletion or the construction of a rapidly degraded ubiquitin-NP fusion protein partially restores presentation. These results illustrate the relationship between degradation of viral proteins in the cytoplasm of an infected cell and recognition of epitopes at the cell surface by class I-restricted T cells.
PGE2 inhibits basolateral 50pS potassium channels in the thick ascending limb of the rat kidney
Authors: Ruimin Gu, Yan Jin, Yuanyuan Zhai, Lei Yang, Chengbiao Zhang, Wennan Li, lijun Wang, Shumin Kong, Baofeng Yang, Wen-Hui Wang, Yunhong Zhang
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Duloxetine Does Not Relieve Painful Physical Symptoms in Depression: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Glen I. Spielmans
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;Duloxetine inhibits both serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and is marketed as a treatment for both the core emotional symptoms and painful physical complaints that often accompany depression. Some studies have found that duloxetine is efficacious in treating painful symptoms associated with depression but these findings have been inconsistent. Several narrative review articles have reached positive conclusions about the efficacy of duloxetine as an analgesic in depression but there has been no quantitative systematic review regarding the impact of duloxetine on pain among this population. A meta-analysis of data pertaining to duloxetine’s purported analgesic effects on depressed patients was thus undertaken. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;Studies were selected through searching Medline and Cochrane Trial databases as well as examining Lilly’s public clinical trial database. A random effects model was used. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Across five trials, the results indicate a very small (d &lt;i&gt;= &lt;/i&gt;0.115) and statistically nonsignificant (p = 0.057) analgesic effect for duloxetine. Additionally, some of the relevant data on duloxetine’s effects have not been reported fully, making it likely that the obtained results reflect an overestimate of its true impact on painful physical symptoms in depression. &lt;i&gt;Discussion:&lt;/i&gt;The current analysis is based on a small number of studies; further trials may yield significant results favoring duloxetine. Based upon the currently available evidence, the marketing of duloxetine as an antidepressant with analgesic properties for people with depression does not appear to be adequately supported.
CHANCRE IN A JUVENILE WITH GENERAL PARALYSIS, DURING ANTISYPHILITIC TREATMENT
Authors: Clyde E. Shinkle
Journal: JAMA (1924)

This case of superinfection with syphilis is put on record because of the comparative rarity of the condition and the unusual combination of available data. As comment would be merely repeating what has been said before, the case and the data will be merely stated for what they may be worth. <h3>History.</h3> —B. N., a colored lad, aged 16, entered the Cincinnati General Hospital, Jan. 18, 1924, complaining of a sore on the penis. The history was obtained from his grandmother, who had brought him up. She stated that the boy's mother was known to have syphilis, and that the patient had been treated for syphilis during his infancy. He had the usual childhood illnesses, but no sickness of consequence until 1918, when he had convulsions. He was always slow mentally, but had been worse the last two years. He did not get on well at school, but his exact
Progression of subclinical atherosclerosis over 5 years in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Solveig Wållberg-Jonsson, Kjell Karp, Kurt Boman, Catharina Eriksson, Elisabet Lundström, Torgny Smedby, Bozena Möller, Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Anna Södergren
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). A premature atherosclerosis can be measured by ultrasound of intima media thickness (IMT) and of flow-mediated dilation (FMD). In patients with RA of recent onset the authors have found IMT and FMD to be similar as in controls. In this prospective 5-year follow up, the authors aimed to investigate for increased progression of atherosclerosis in the patients with early RA compared to the controls. The authors also aimed to analyse the relationship between IMT and FMD and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, taking inflammation and traditional CVD risk factors into account. <h3>Material and methods</h3> Patients from northern Sweden diagnosed with early RA are followed in an ongoing prospective study of co-morbidity. From these patients a subgroup aged ≤60 years (n=71), was consecutively included for measurements of IMT of A. carotis communis and FMD of A. brachialis. The ultrasound measurements were taken at inclusion (T0) and after 5 years (T5). Fourty-two age/sex matched controls were included. The patients were clinically assessed (DAS28, TJC, SJC, DMARDs) and blood was drawn from all individuals for initial analysis of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, ESR, CRP, MCP-1, PAI-1, tPA-mass, VWF, sICAM, sVCAM, sE-selectin and sL-selectin. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with RA had a significant aggravation in both IMT (0.052 at T0 and 0.058 at T5, p&lt;0.001) and FMD (0.090 at T0 and 0.070 at T5, p&lt;0.001). Among the controls the increase was less evident and only significant for IMT (0.055 at T0 and 0.060 at T5, p&lt;0.001). In linear regression analyses among patients with RA, the IMT at T5 was significantly associated with several variables measured at T0: systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), cholesterol, triglycerides, tPA, VWF, and MCP-1 and it was inversely associated with sL-selectin. In the corresponding analyses of FMD at T5 it was significantly associated with sL-selectin and inversely associated with diastolic BP and VWF at T0. Among the controls, the IMT at T5 was significantly associated with cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, body mass index, systolic and diastolic BP, and tPA at T0, while FMD related inversely with VWF at T0. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In 5 years, the increase in subclinical atherosclerosis tended to be more evident among patients with early RA compared to the controls. The IMT at T5 was more highly predicted by baseline levels of biomarkers of endothelial activation in patients with RA compared to controls.