tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cellular Basis of Secondary Infections and Impaired Desquamation in Certain Inherited Ichthyoses
Authors: Aegean Chan, Elena Godoy-Gijon, Almudena Nuno-Gonzalez, Debra Crumrine, Melanie Hupe, Eung-Ho Choi, Robert Gruber, Mary L. Williams, Keith Choate, Philip H. Fleckman, Peter M. Elias
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Secondary infections and impaired desquamation complicate certain inherited ichthyoses, but their cellular basis remains unknown. In healthy human epidermis, the antimicrobial peptides cathelicidin (LL-37) and human β-defensin 2 (HBD2), as well as the desquamatory protease kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7), are delivered to the stratum corneum (SC) interstices by lamellar body (LB) exocytosis.To assess whether abnormalities in the LB secretory system could account for increased risk of infections and impaired desquamation in inherited ichthyoses with known abnormalities in LB assembly (Harlequin ichthyosis [HI]), secretion (epidermolytic ichthyosis [EI]), or postsecretory proteolysis (Netherton syndrome [NS]).Samples from library material were taken from patients with HI, EI, NS, and other ichthyoses, but with a normal LB secretory system, and in healthy controls and were evaluated by electron microscopy and immunohistochemical analysis from July 1, 2010, through March 31, 2013.Changes in LB secretion and in the fate of LB-derived enzymes and antimicrobial peptides in ichthyotic patients vs healthy controls.In healthy controls and patients with X-linked ichthyosis, neutral lipid storage disease with ichthyosis, and Gaucher disease, LB secretion is normal, and delivery of LB-derived proteins and LL-37 immunostaining persists high into the SC. In contrast, proteins loaded into nascent LBs and their delivery to the SC interstices decrease markedly in patients with HI, paralleled by reduced immunostaining for LL-37, HBD2, and KLK7 in the SC. In patients with EI, the cytoskeletal abnormality impairs the exocytosis of LB contents and thus results in decreased LL-37, HBD2, and KLK7 secretion, causing substantial entombment of these proteins within the corneocyte cytosol. Finally, in patients with NS, although abundant enzyme proteins loaded in parallel with accelerated LB production, LL-37 disappears, whereas KLK7 levels increase markedly in the SC.Together, these results suggest that diverse abnormalities in the LB secretory system account for the increased risk of secondary infections and impaired desquamation in patients with HI, EI, and NS.
Care of healthy women and their babies during childbirth: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: Sara Kenyon, Roz Ullman, Rintaro Mori, Martin Whittle
Journal: BMJ (2007)

This article summarises the most recent guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) for healthcare professionals caring for women during labour and birth.1 It defines the care that women who are at low risk of complications in labour at term should expect to receive, and therefore it relates to most women giving birth in the United Kingdom. NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of the best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, a range of consensus techniques is used to develop recommendations. In this summary, recommendations derived primarily from consensus techniques are indicated with an asterisk (*). ### General principles ### Place of birth
Movement to Promote Good Stewardship of Medical Resources Gains Momentum
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE FILTERING CICATRIX FOR CHRONIC GLAUCOMAWITH A REPORT OF CASES IN WHICH OPERATION WAS PERFORMED BY THE METHOD OF LAGRANGE
Authors: ALLEN GREENWOOD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Ever since the general acceptance of von Graefe's classical operation of iridectomy as the best operative treatment in the majority of cases of glaucoma, ophthalmic surgeons have observed that, in cases of chronic glaucoma, a more permanent benefit was often obtained in those in which, through some fault in technic, a cystoid scar resulted. Such a scar usually came about as the result of some entanglement or prolapse of shreds or tags of iris, with evidences that the anterior chamber communicated with the cystoid cavities by fistulous tracts. This observation led to deliberate attempts to produce such scars, and some operators advised leaving a bit of iris tissue somewhere in the wound for this purpose. Others, like de Wecker, Priestly-Smith and Critchett, while acknowledging the possible benefits, pointed out the dangers of infection and sympathetic disturbance from this procedure. In spite of this warning, several operators have recently advocated this
Myocardial contrast versus dobutamine echocardiography as predictors of late functional recovery in acute myocardial infarction treated with primary PTCA
Authors: Leonardo Bolognese, Daniele Rovai, Piergiovanni Buonamici, Giampaolo Cerisano, David Antoniucci, Giovanni Maria Santoro, Cecilia Marini, Alessandro Distante, Antonio L'Abbate, Pier Filippo Fazzini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Vasculitis in Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus-Reply
Authors: Hendrick B. Barner
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Dr White indicates that diabetic retinopathy presents a broad spectrum without a constant relationship to the duration and severity of diabetes. The presence of retinopathy is associated with basement membrane thickening (BMT) in the muscular capillary bed, which is a segmental lesion.<sup>1</sup>Basement membrane thickening is not known to be a contraindication to operation per se. Dr White continues with the undisputed concept of treating the patient as an individual. He concludes by remarking that many of these patients "have such terrible generalized vascular disease that vascular surgery of any kind would be contraindicated." It was in the hope of dispelling this stereotyped reasoning that the commentary was written. The maturity-onset diabetic patient with symptomatic carotid stenosis, disabling angina pectoris, or impending gangrene cannot be assumed to have terrible generalized vascular disease until appropriate arteriography, and perhaps perfusion scanning,<sup>2</sup>has been performed.
Allergic and Immunologic Skin Disorders
Authors: Donald Y. M. Leung
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The skin represents a unique immunologic organ poised to protect the host from invading organisms and environmental antigens. The skin is also an important target for a variety of allergic and autoimmune responses. Mast cells are key to the pathogenesis of urticaria, angioedema, and mastocytosis. Atopic dermatitis is the consequence of an immunoregulatory abnormality resulting in a skin-directed T helper type 2 response. Allergic contact dermatitis is an example of classic delayed type hypersensitivity. Circulating autoantibodies against the epidermis are a key mechanism by which bullous skin diseases occur.
Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition
Authors: Luzhou Xing, Zhenpeng Dai, Ali Jabbari, Jane E Cerise, Claire A Higgins, Weijuan Gong, Annemieke de Jong, Sivan Harel, Gina M DeStefano, Lisa Rothman, Pallavi Singh, Lynn Petukhova, Julian Mackay-Wiggan, Angela M Christiano, Raphael Clynes
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
ED-08 * INSURANCE STATUS INFLUENCES THE RATES OF REPORTABLE QUALITY METRICS IN BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS: A NATIONWIDE INPATIENT SAMPLE STUDY
Authors: K. Hooten, D. Neal, R. L. Espadin, J. Gil, H. Azari, M. Rahman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was passed to narrow disparities and improve the quality of health care in the United States. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality patient safety indicators (PSIs) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) are quality metrics tracked in healthcare institutions. The effects of insurance status on PSIs and HACs were analyzed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for brain tumor patients. METHODS: The NIS was queried for hospitalizations between 2002 and 2011 involving brain tumors patients. The incidence for each PSI and HAC was determined by ICD-9 codes. The independent variable was primary payer status. Because of the age restriction with Medicare, comparisons were made between Medicaid/self-pay and private insurance. Logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the effects of insurance status on individual PSIs, HACs, and patient outcomes. RESULTS: Overall, 113,797 PSIs and 15,810 HACs occurred in 548,727 brain tumor patients, an estimated national incidence of 20.7% and 2.9% respectively. Medicaid/self-pay patients had a higher PSI incidence compared to private insurance patients (20.6% versus 18.6%). Medicaid/self-pay patients also had a higher incidence of HACs (2.2% versus 1.9%). After controlling for patient and hospital factors, Medicaid/self-pay patients were estimated to experience 3.6% more PSIs per patient than private insurance (p = 0.0042). In addition, Medicaid/self-pay patients were eistamted to experience 12.6% more HACs per patient (p = 0.0001). The greater incidence of PSIs and HACs correlated with increased length of stay and worse discharge outcomes and in-hospital mortality in the Medicaid/self-pay patient population. CONCLUSIONS: Significant variability exists in the incidence of PSIs and HACs in brain tumor patients based on insurance status. The cause of these differences should be studied prospectively to begin the process of improving quality metrics in vulnerable patient populations.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY THROMBUS RESISTANT TO FIBRINOLYSIS
Authors: Antonia Sambola, Jaume Francisco, Bruno Garc&iacute;a Del Blanco, Marisol Ruiz-Meana, Gerard Mart&iacute;, Imanol Otaegui, Vi&ccedil;ens Serra, Jose Antonio Barrabes, Jaume Figueras, David Garc&iacute;a-Dorado
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 5047: Synergistic anti-cancer activity of the CDK4/6 inhibitor PD-0332991 in combination with 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Michael J. Pishvaian, Shaoxian Yang, Majed El Zouhairi, Christina S. Wu, Lopa Mishra, Maria-Laura Avantaggiati
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The cell cycle activator cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) is overexpressed in many cancers and is a promising target for novel anti-cancer therapies. PD-0332991 (Pfizer, Inc) is a highly specific CDK4/6 inhibitor that has proven anti-cancer efficacy in multiple pre-clinical models, and is currently undergoing Phase II clinical testing in humans. PD-0332991 inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest. Sequential therapy with PD-0332991 followed by DNA damaging cytotoxic chemotherapy could produce additive or synergistic anti-cancer effects. Our goal was to assess the anti-tumor efficacy of a combination of PD-0332991 and cytotoxic chemotherapy in vitro, and in vivo. We also sought to determine the mechanisms of anti-cancer activity seen with combination therapy. Methods: First, using human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, we performed in vitro cell growth assays to determine the effects of a combination of PD-0332991 and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or oxaliplatin. Next, we tested the activity of PD-0332991, oral capecitabine (an oral 5-FU prodrug), or both in mice bearing human CRC xenografts. Finally, we assessed the mechanisms of cell death in vitro and in resected xenograft tumor samples. Results: The combination of PD-0332991 and 5-FU or oxaliplatin exhibited additive/synergistic anti-cancer activity, in vitro. Furthermore, synergistic anti-cancer activity was observed in mice bearing xenografts of HCT 116 human CRC cells upon treatment with a combination of PD-0332991 and capecitabine. Virtually no anti-tumor activity was observed in mice treated with PD-0332991 or capecitabine alone. In assessing the mechanism of anti-tumor activity, in vitro and in resected xenograft samples, no increase in apoptosis was observed, as determined by annexin V and TUNEL staining. Even when cells were synchronized in G1 with PD-0332991 and then released and treated with 5-FU or oxaliplatin, there was no increase in apoptosis. Thus, assessment of alternative mechanisms of cell death, including cell senescence and autophagy are ongoing. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate an additive/synergistic anti-tumor activity with the combination of PD-0332991 and traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. The mechanisms of anti-tumor activity have yet to be determined, but are not dependent upon apoptosis. Given the synergistic anti-tumor activity, these results suggest that a clinical trial of PD-0332991 and 5-FU-based chemotherapy is warranted. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5047.
PLASMA BIOMARKERS OF COLLAGEN AND FIBRONECTIN BIOSYNTHESIS ARE UNRELATED TO TISSUE IMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PROTEIN QUANTIFICATION OR MRNA DETERMINED BY MYOCARDIAL BIOSPY MICROARRAY IN AORTIC VALVE DISEASE
Authors: Daniel Catanzaro, Christopher Stuart, Ji-Sun Hong, Ada Ene, John Carter, Edmund Herrold, Phyllis Supino, Jason Lazar, Lou Salciccioli, Wilson Ko, Arash Salemi, Leonard Girardi, Karl Krieger, O. Wayne Isom, Jeffrey Borer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
When the Cost Curve Bent — Pre-Recession Moderation in Health Care Spending
Authors: Charles Roehrig, Ani Turner, Paul Hughes-Cromwick, George Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Is the recent moderation in the rate of growth of U.S. health care spending likely to continue? A new analysis shows that the moderation predated the recession by more than 2.5 years, so the bend in the curve cannot be attributed solely to the economy.
Abstract LB-73: Circulating tumor cells with the invasive phenotype predict progression free survival and overall survival in preoperative patients diagnosed with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Wen-Tien Chen, Qiang Zhao, Huan Dong, Jie Yang, Qiao Zhang, Tina Fan, Marc G. Golightly, Whitney C. Dessio, Stefan Madajewicz, Melissa Henretta, Michael L. Pearl
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might function as prognostic markers for monitoring and assessing therapy efficacy ex vivo. This study aimed to measure overall population of CTCs based on expression of epithelial lineage (Epi) markers and the subpopulation of CTCs with the invasive phenotype (iCTCs) in preoperative patients for prognosis of advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). Experimental Design: CTCs and iCTCs enriched by the Cell Adhesion Matrix (CAM)-coated devices from 122 preoperative patients were identified as Epi+ nucleic acid (NA)+ hematopoietic lineage (HL)- cells and CAM uptake (CAM+) Epi+ NA+ HL- cells, respectively. CTCs and iCTCs were enumerated using multiplex flow cytometry, validated by microscopy, and correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: iCTCs were detected in 0/39 (0%) benign patients, 5/11 (45.5%) Stage I, 2/4 (50%) Stage II, 41/43 (95.3%) Stage III and 16/16 (100%) stage IV patients (P-value &amp;lt;0.001). However, healthy (n=48) and benign women had noticeable CTCs (mean=10 and 3 CTCs/1.0-mL blood, respectively), and large variation (IQR=24.5 and 30 CTCs/1.0-mL blood, respectively), although CTCs were significantly different across different stage groups. Kaplan-Meier estimates of OS at 5 years in the iCTC positive and negative groups were 15.4% (95% CI, 7.2% to 26.3%) and 94% (95% CI, 82.5% to 98%), respectively. The PFS in the iCTC positive group was also significantly lower than that in the negative group (P-value &amp;lt;0.001). In multivariable Cox models, iCTCs were independently predictive of OS (P-value &amp;lt;0.001) and provided predictive power for disease recurrence independent of diagnostic disease stages, age, debulking status and platinum sensitivity. Conclusion: CTCs show the expression of heterogeneous epithelial antigens with potential biologic relevance. Co-expression of epithelial antigens and invasiveness of iCTCs in preoperative patients provides prognosis of advanced EOC that could help tailor appropriate therapy. Citation Format: Wen-Tien Chen, Qiang Zhao, Huan Dong, Jie Yang, Qiao Zhang, Tina Fan, Marc G. Golightly, Whitney C. Dessio, Stefan Madajewicz, Melissa Henretta, Michael L. Pearl. Circulating tumor cells with the invasive phenotype predict progression free survival and overall survival in preoperative patients diagnosed with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-73. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-73
THE STATISTICS AND LESSONS OF FIFTEEN HUNDRED CASES OF REFRACTION.Read in the Section of Ophthalmology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, heldat Washington. D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: GEORGE M. GOULD
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Dr. S. C. Ayres only uses yT gr. of eserine to the ounce.Finds strong solutions harmful.He reported a case of glaucoma in which iridectomy was made in one eye and eserine used in the
154 DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF CALCINEURIN INHIBITORS, TACROLIMUS AND CYCLOSPORINE A, ON INTERFERON INDUCED ANTI-VIRAL PROTEIN IN HUMAN HEPATOCYTE CELL
Authors: T. Ichikawa, K. Nakao, H. Miyaaki, H. Shibata, S. Takashita, S. Eguchi, M. Takatsuki, M. Ikeda, N. Kato, T. Kanematsu, K. Eguchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Apple allergy: the IgE‐binding potency of apple strains is related to the occurrence of the 18‐kDa allergen
Authors: S. Vieths, A. Jankiewicz, B. Schöning, H. Aulepp
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Low-temperature, acetone powder extracts were prepared from mature fruit of 16 apple strains. SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis revealed great variation in the relative amounts of the 18-kDa apple allergen in these extracts. EAST (RAST) scores, measured with individual and pool sera from patients allergic to birch pollen and apples, ranged from 0.2 to 4.0 and were related to the relative amount of the 18-kDa protein. These findings were confirmed by ELISA-inhibition assays, dose-related histamine release, semiquantitative evaluation of immunoblots by absorption/reflection densitometry, and skin prick tests with extracts of Golden Delicious, Boskoop, and Jamba apples (corresponding to a high, low, and very low 18-kDa allergen content). Additional open oral challenge tests were performed with two apple-allergic patients and 15 and 16 apple strains. With all methods, the deduced allergenic potency decreased in the following order: Golden Delicious > Boskoop > Jamba. Therefore, we concluded that the IgE-binding potency of apple strains depends on the occurrence of the 18-kDa allergen.
Low-Dose Interleukin-2 Therapy Restores Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis in Patients with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Ken-ichi Matsuoka, John Koreth, Haesook T. Kim, Gregory Bascug, Sean McDonough, Yutaka Kawano, Kazuyuki Murase, Corey Cutler, Vincent T. Ho, Edwin P. Alyea, Philippe Armand, Bruce R. Blazar, Joseph H. Antin, Robert J. Soiffer, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2013)

Regulatory T cell homeostasis is restored in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease who receive low-dose interleukin-2 therapy.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE CHANGES IN THE COLLAGEN-GROUND SUBSTANCE EQUILIBRIUM IN MORPHOEA (SCLERODERMA).*
Authors: L. A. MUSSO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1954)

Journal Article A CONTRIBUTION TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE CHANGES IN THE COLLAGEN‐GROUND SUBSTANCE EQUILIBRIUM IN MORPHOEA (SCLERODERMA). Get access L. A. MUSSO L. A. MUSSO Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 66, Issue 11, 1 November 1954, Pages 377–387, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1954.tb12566.x Published: 01 November 1954
Phorbol esters induce death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells with altered expression of protein kinase C isoforms. Role for p53-independent induction of gadd-45 in initiating death.
Authors: J E de Vente, C A Kukoly, W O Bryant, K J Posekany, J Chen, D J Fletcher, P J Parker, G J Pettit, G Lozano, P P Cook
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Protein kinase C (PKC) modulates growth, differentiation and apoptosis in a cell-specific fashion. Overexpression of PKC-alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (MCF-7-PKC-alpha cell) leads to expression of a more transformed phenotype. The response of MCF-7 and MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells to phorbol esters (TPA) was examined. TPA-treated MCF-7 cells demonstrated a modest cytostatic response associated with a G1 arrest that was accompanied by Cip1 expression and retinoblastoma hypophosphorylation. While p53 was detected in MCF-7 cells, evidence for TPA-induced stimulation of p53 transcriptional activity was not evident. In contrast, TPA treatment induced death of MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells. Bryostatin 1, another PKC activator, exerted modest cytostatic effects on MCF-7 cells while producing a cytotoxic response at low doses in MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells that waned at higher concentrations. TPA-treated MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells accumulated in G2/M, did not express p53, displayed decreased Cip1 expression, and demonstrated a reduction in retinoblastoma hypophosphorylation. TPA-treated MCF-7-PKC-alpha cells expressed gadd-45 which occurred before the onset of apoptosis. Thus, alterations in the PKC pathway can modulate the decision of a breast cancer cell to undergo death or differentiation. In addition, these data show that PKC activation can induce expression of gadd45 in a p53-independent fashion.