tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
160. Systemic Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus Therapy of Spontaneously Arising Prostate Cancer in Transgenic TRAMP Mice
Authors: Susan Varghese, Samuel D. Rabkin, Petur G. Nielsen, Renbin Liu, Wenzheng Wang, Robert L. Martuza
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Replication competent oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are effective agents against a wide spectrum of cancers, including prostate cancer. We have previously evaluated the efficacy of NV1023, a second-generation oncolytic herpes viral mutant of NV1020 for prostate cancer, using the poorly immunogenic TRAMP-C2 tumor model. NV1020, which was recently tested for safety in phase I clinical trial for metastatic liver cancer, contains deletions of one copy of g34.5 and the internal repeat, UL24 and UL56 genes, with addition of gJ, gG, US2 and US3 from HSV-2. NV1023 also has an insertion of LacZ and deletion of the ICP47 and US11 genes. TRAMP-C2 cells are derived from a spontaneously arising prostate adenocarcinoma in TRAMP mouse, in which the SV40 T antigen is under the control of the rat probasin promoter, thus restricting its expression to the epithelial cells of the prostrate. NV1023 was effective when administered intraneoplastically against subcutaneous TRAMP-C2 tumors and when administered intravenously against subcutaneous and metastatic lung TRAMP-C2 tumors.
In an Instant: A Family’s Journey of Love and Healing
Authors: Joseph J. Fins
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Care in Our Free Society
Authors: Leland S. McKittrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

The objective of adequate medical care in our free society is to make available to everyone — regardless of race, color, creed, financial status or place of residence — every known essential preventive, diagnostic and curative medical service of high quality. The attainment of such medical care must necessarily be an evolutionary process which will require the co-operation of all concerned over a period of years.1 I have chosen as the subject of my oration this paragraph from the Basic Principles Which Should Govern Medical-Care Plans, which the Massachusetts Medical Society presented last year. Concise and complete, it stands as . . .
Some Notes on the Administration of Atomic Cocktails
Authors: Carl J. Collica
Journal: JAMA (1961)

A DECADE of uninterrupted experience has given us an appreciation of several obvious but correctable errors incident to the administration of therapeutic doses of radioactive materials.  Adherence to the basic principles of radiation protection often will aid in minimizing exposure of personnel during and after administration of radioactive isotopes. Radiation protection, in the main, is governed by 3 factors: 1. Distance, wherein intensity varies according to the inverse square law. 2. Time, wherein the longer the interval in a radiation field, the greater the exposure. 3. Shielding, wherein materials such as lead, copper, steel and others, in adequately chosen thicknesses, will attenuate radiation to a permissible level. To illustrate some common errors, the following experiences are presented.  Examples of Incorrect Administration of Radioactive Materials  Example 1.—  A physicist was asked to investigate a series of film badge exposures with levels of radiation above the accepted range for the usual work
High grade dysplasia of the gastric mucosa: a marker for gastric carcinoma.
Authors: M Lansdown, P Quirke, M F Dixon, A T Axon, D Johnston
Journal: Gut (1990)

The natural history of gastric epithelial dysplasia and its relation to gastric cancer are ill defined. A consecutive series of 40 patients with an initial diagnosis of gastric epithelial dysplasia based on examination of endoscopic biopsies has been reviewed to determine the clinical outcome and to evaluate a two tier histological grading system as a predictor of the risk of cancer. On review, only 20 of the 40 patients were considered to have true dysplasia: seven patients had low grade dysplasia and 13 had high grade dysplasia. Of the 13 patients with high grade dysplasia, 11 (85%) were found to have gastric cancer within 15 months. Of the 10 patients with high grade dysplasia who underwent gastrectomy, six were found to have early gastric cancer, three had cancer invading into the muscularis propria, and none had lymph node metastases. High grade dysplasia is thus a marker of gastric cancer. Moreover, the cancers associated with high grade dysplasia are usually pathologically favourable and curable. The finding, by an experienced pathologist, of high grade dysplasia in two separate sets of endoscopic biopsies is therefore an indication for radical surgical treatment, provided that the patient's age and general condition permit such an approach.
OSSICULOTOMY IN CHRONIC SUPPURATION OF MIDDLE EAR.
Authors: J. A. STUCKY
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In chronic suppuration of the middle ear where there is necrosis of the soft tissues, tympanic walls and attic, and caries of one or both ossicles, the most rational treatment consists in removing the carious ossicles and all necrosed granular and fibrous tissue in the tympanic cavity. Ossiculotomy for caries has passed the experimental stage and is now recognized not only as justifiable, but a rational method of treatment. There being no such thing as special surgery, we are no more justified in leaving carious bone in the middle ear than is the general surgeon in leaving it in any other portion of the body accessible to removal. The same general and well-known principles of surgery which apply to caries and necrosis of other parts of the body, are equally applicable to the ear, and when we find carious ossicles and necrosed tympanic walls they should be removed and all
Symptoms and Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetics
Authors: Daniel J. Cox
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  Textbooks and professional associations have long advocated teaching patients with diabetes to look for symptoms such as sweating, headache, trembling, and hunger as indicators of hypoglycemia and to interpret symptoms such as increased thirst, need to urinate, weakness, and nausea as indicative of hyperglycemia. 1,2 Patients so instructed are then encouraged to eat, avoid insulin and exercise, test their blood glucose levels when they feel the standard symptoms of hypoglycemia, and test their blood glucose levels and avoid carbohydrates when they feel the standard symptoms of hyperglycemia. 3 Recent surveys have shown that patients given these instructions do in fact attend to and act on such physiological cues. 4 These accepted guidelines for patient education and self-monitoring are founded on the assumption that certain symptoms consistently correlate in a standard fashion with blood glucose levels for all persons with diabetes.  Recently, however, six studies 5-10 conducted independently
Comprehensive model to enhance road cycling performance
Authors: P Cangley, L Passfield, H Carter, M Bailey
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Modelling has been utilised in competitive road cycling to identify performance optimisations that would conventionally require extensive experimental testing. However, the validity of current models is limited by incomplete representation of the cycling environment and insufficient frequency of simulation. A three dimensional road cycling model has been developed that extends existing models by combining bicycle mechanics, rider biomechanics and environmental conditions into a single dynamic system. A system of rigid bodies linked by joints and driven by actuators has been built using the MATLAB toolboxes Simulink and SimMechanics. Each body is defined in respect of mass, inertia tensor, dimension and centre of gravity. The system operates in forward dynamics mode such that a simulation inputs forces to the equations of motion which are numerically integrated at &lt;0.1 s time steps and output system motion. Bicycle freedoms include longitudinal/lateral translation together with roll, pitch and yaw rotation. Submodels reproduce transmission, tires, wheels, frame and steering geometry. A 16 segment rider applies experimentally obtained pedal forces coordinated with upper body roll and steering input. Environmental parameters include course track and gradient obtained from digital maps together with experimentally measured wind speed/direction. The model has been validated in a trial with 20 experienced time trialists riding a 2.5 mile undulating section of the Cycling Time Trials course G10/42 at competitive pace. The course track/profile and the cyclist characteristics were loaded into the model and a simulation predicted individual completion times. Mean actual time was within 1.4 (±0.7)% of the mean predicted time. The model was then used to optimise application of a variable power pacing strategy over the same course1. A 2.9 (±0.9)% time saving was obtained which would typically represent a 40 s advantage over a full 10 mile time trial. Further model applications include investigating the mechanical performance advantages of factors that are both difficult and time consuming to examine experimentally such as saddle position, bicycle/rider weight and tire characteristics.
Randomized trial of rotational atherectomy vs balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis (ROSTER)
Authors: S.K. Sharma, A. Kini, S. Duvvuri, F.D. Sterling, I. Lozano, G. Dangas, R. Vidhun, T. King, T. Cocke, J. Marmur
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Abstract 1512: Sunitinib-induced metastasis is tumor dependent and is mediated by c-Met/HGF pathway
Authors: Farbod Shojaei, Brett H. Simmons, Joseph H. Lee, Patrick B. Lappin, James G. Christensen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Recent studies in several tumor models indicated that treatment with angiogenic inhibitors may trigger induction of metastasis to other organs. Here we investigated modes of resistance and invasion in several tumors including 4T1 (breast), H460 (lung) and Colo205 (colorectal) using sunitinib at doses comparable to clinically utilized regimen. In comparison with vehicle-treated tumors, sunitinib increased metastasis to lung in 4T1 tumors and to peritoneal lymph node in Colo205 tumors. However, the same treatment did not induce invasiveness in H460 tumors, further suggesting that accelerating metastasis during treatment with angiogenic inhibitors is tumor dependent. Interestingly, Crizotinib (a dual inhibitor of c-Met and ALK pathways) as single agent or in combination with sunitinib reduced metastasis in all models tested suggesting a role for c-Met/HGF pathway in intrinsic- or sunitinib-induced -metastasis. Moreover, ELISA data showed that while c-Met is highly enriched in tumor cells, HGF is secreted mainly by the stroma (mouse HGF) suggesting a paracrine fashion for c-Met pathway activation in the tumors. In conclusion, our findings indicate that sunitinib-induced metastasis is tumor dependent and further supports a rationale for combination of anti-angiogenesis and c-Met inhibition in the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1512. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1512
Uric acid potentially links fatty liver and high blood pressure
Authors: Hong-Fang Ji, Liang Shen
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

With great interest, we read the article by Speliotes et al.,1 who studied a large community-based sample from the Framingham Heart Study and reported that fatty liver is associated with dyslipidemia and dysglycemia independently of visceral fat. Interestingly, the study demonstrated an association between fatty liver and increased blood pressure.1 Even though the mechanisms underlying this association may be complicated, we hypothesize that elevated uric acid levels potentially link fatty liver and high blood pressure on the basis of the risk relationships between hyperuricemia and chronic liver disease/hypertension. With respect to hyperuricemia/chronic liver disease risk relationships, the association between elevated uric acid, the final oxidation product of purine metabolism in human beings, and the development of chronic liver diseases has been investigated in many studies.2-4 Increased levels of serum uric acid have been found to be an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and the serum uric acid level may act as a useful clinical predictor for assessing the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.2, 3 A very recent study has indicated that the serum uric acid level is associated with the development of cirrhosis and the presence of elevated serum liver enzymes.4 With respect to hyperuricemia/hypertension risk relationships, accumulating evidence supports the notion that high levels of uric acid may be associated with high blood pressure.5-8 The serum uric acid level has been found to be an independent marker of risk for the development of hypertension.6-8 The pathogenic role of hyperuricemia in the development of hypertension has been proven with an experimental rat model of mild hyperuricemia.9 Therefore, the hyperuricemia/chronic liver disease and hyperuricemia/hypertension risk relationships make uric acid a potential link between fatty liver and high blood pressure. If this hypothesis can be verified by future studies, it has important implications: the treatment of hyperuricemia may have the beneficial effects of decreasing the risk of fatty liver and lowering blood pressure. Hong-Fang Ji Ph.D*, Liang Shen Ph.D*, * Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique Shandong University of Technology Zibo, People's Republic of China.
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN ABDOMINAL SURGERY
Authors: G. W. CRILE
Journal: JAMA (1927)

During recent years many investigations have been directed toward the prevention of postoperative complications, especially since preventive medicine has proved its value in the progressive lowering of the mortality of certain diseases such as typhoid, smallpox and diphtheria. An analysis of the factors which are concerned in the causation of operative mortality shows that, by judicious care, a fatal termination might have been avoided in many instances. Of prime importance is the realization that the operative procedure is only one factor in the handling of a surgical case. If the other factors are esteemed to be of minor importance, complications will invariably ensue. Among the other factors the preoperative care is of prime significance, especially in cases of jaundice, of prostatic obstruction with elevated blood urea, and of gastric carcinoma with obstruction, vomiting, anemia and a low chloride content of the blood. The postoperative course in any case is controlled
STUDIES OF A MURINE STRAIN OF POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS IN COTTON RATS AND WHITE MICE
Authors: Claus W. Jungeblut, Murray Sanders
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

1. A neurotropic murine virus was isolated by passing poliomyelitis virus (SK strain) from the monkey to cotton rats and white mice. 2. The murine virus has been grown in tissue culture consisting of embryonic mouse brain in ox serum ultrafiltrate. 3. The symptoms and lesions produced by the murine infection compare in all respects with those of poliomyelitis in monkey and man. 4. The murine virus, while highly pathogenic for mice and cotton rats, is non-pathogenic for albino rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. It possesses limited pathogenicity for rhesus monkeys. 5. Although producing no paralysis in the above mentioned refractory animals, the murine virus may be recovered in active form from neural and extraneural sites of infected albino rats, guinea pigs, and monkeys, but not from rabbits. 6. The identity of the murine and monkey virus is further suggested by cross-neutralization between the murine virus and homologous (SK) and related (Aycock) antipoliomyelitis sera, as well as between homologous and related monkey poliomyelitis virus and antimurine virus sera. 7. Immunization of monkeys with live murine virus, in the form of mouse brain or tissue culture, seems to confer some degree of resistance against subsequent infection with the homologous poliomyelitis monkey virus. 8. The presence of the murine virus in the central nervous system of infected monkeys appears to interfere with the propagation of SK and Aycock poliomyelitis monkey virus in the same animal.
Genetic linkage of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa to the type VII collagen gene.
Authors: A Hovnanian, P Duquesnoy, C Blanchet-Bardon, R G Knowlton, S Amselem, M Lathrop, L Dubertret, J Uitto, M Goossens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Generalized mutilating recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is characterized by extreme skin fragility owing to loss of dermal-epidermal adherence. Immunohistochemical studies have implicated type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils, in the etiology of RDEB. In this study, we demonstrate genetic linkage of the type VII collagen gene and the generalized mutilating RDEB phenotype. We first identified a Pvull polymorphic site by digestion of an amplified product of the type VII collagen gene, which was shown to reside within the coding region. Genetic linkage analysis between this marker and the RDEB phenotype in 19 affected families which were informative for this polymorphism showed no recombination events, and gave a maximum lod score of 3.97 at a recombination fraction (theta) of 0, demonstrating that this DNA region is involved in this form of RDEB. These data provide strong evidence that the type VII collagen gene, which has also been linked with the dominant form of the disease, harbors the mutation(s) causing the generalized mutilating form of RDEB in these families, thus underscoring the major functional importance of type VII collagen in basement membrane zone stability.
Caring for the Uninsured and Underinsured
Authors: Todd H. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  — Even the conservative American Medical Assocation buys into today's politically correct socialist philosophy, as witnessed by Dr Lundberg's editorial 1 blaming the problems of the health care system on institutionalized racial discrimination. Such inflammatory editorials are probably themselves a major reason that national health care seems inevitable. The irony is that both physicians and patients, majorities and minorities, will surely be hurt in the long run by any proposal that gives complete control of health care financing to the government, no matter what the details of the plan.  Medicare's recent payment restrictions and regulatory burdens are surely only a hint of the hassles and hardships to come in any  health insurance system. Only in a virtual dictatorship can universal access be guaranteed to any good or service that must be provided by private individuals. Further, as Ginzberg and Ostow's article 2 correctly pointed out, even
Improving survival for patients with advanced heart failure: A study of 737 consecutive patients
Authors: William G. Stevenson, Lynne W. Stevenson, Holly R. Middlekauff, Gregg C. Fonarow, Michele A. Hamilton, Mary A. Woo, Leslie A. Saxon, Paul D. Natterson, Anthony Steimle, Julie A. Walden, Jan H. Tillisch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The caffeine breath test and caffeine urinary metabolite ratios in the Michigan cohort exposed to polybrominated biphenyls: a preliminary study.
Authors: G H Lambert, D A Schoeller, H E Humphrey, A N Kotake, H Lietz, M Campbell, W Kalow, S P Spielberg, M Budd
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

A field biochemical epidemiology study was conducted using the Michigan cohort consisting of 51 rural residents exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (PBB). The study had three major objectives: a) to determine the serum half-life of the major PBB congener, hexabromobiphenyl (HBB), in the human, b) to determine if the PBB-exposed subjects had elevated cytochrome P-450I function as determined by the caffeine breath test (CBT) and the caffeine urinary metabolite ratio (CMR), and c) to determine the applicability of the CBT and CMR in field studies. PBB serum levels were detected in 36 of the 51 PBB-exposed subjects. The serum half-life of HBB was determined by comparing the current serum HBB values to the subject's previous serum values obtained 5 to 8 years earlier. The median HBB half-life was 12 years (range 4-97 years). The CBT and CMR were elevated in the subjects exposed to PBBs as compared to the values obtained from urban nonsmokers and were similar to those found in adults who smoke. A gender effect was seen in the PBB-exposed subjects, the median CBT and CMR values of the females being lower than the values of males. There was a correlation between the CBT and the HBB serum values (r2 = 0.2, p = 0.01) but not between CMR and HBB serum values. The CBT and CMR were easily conducted in the field and appear to be useful metabolic probes of cytochrome P-450I activity in human environmental toxicology.
Response of Hyperlipoproteinemia to Cholestyramine Resin
Authors: Harold J. Fallon
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Cholestyramine resin, an anion exchange resin, was given for 38 to 416 days to 21 patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Fourteen patients with essential hypercholesterolemia (type II hyperlipoproteinemia) responded with a 24% decline in serum cholesterol level. Seven patients with other forms of hyperlipoproteinemia had no significant decrease in cholesterol during therapy with cholestyramine. Serum triglyceride levels remained unchanged in all patients at the dose of cholestyramine given. Gastrointestinal side effects were mild and no other toxic effects of long-term treatment were observed. These results suggest that patients with essential hypercholesterolemia may respond more effectively to cholestyramine therapy than patients with other forms of hyperlipoproteinemia.