tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Morphologic aspects of airways of patients with pulmonary emphysema followed by bronchial asthma-like attack.
Authors: M Haraguchi, S Shimura, K Shirato
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Morphometric analysis of airways was performed in autopsied lungs from four patients with pulmonary emphysema (PE) followed by bronchial-asthma (BA)-like attacks (Group PE+BA) (four males, 72 +/- 9 yr). The results were compared with those from five pulmonary emphysema patients (Group PE) (five males, age 71 +/- 4 hr), three patients with bronchial asthma (Group BA) (one female and two males, age 65 +/- 7 yr), and four control subjects with no pulmonary diseases (Group Cont) (one female, three males, age 64 +/- 4 yr). The proportion of gland area to bronchial wall (gland%), ratio of goblet-cell occupancy to the total epithelial layer (goblet%), thickness of the basement membrane, amount of intraluminal mucus (mucus occupying ratio; MOR%), and number of various cell types per square millimeter in airway walls in a section 4 microns thick were measured in central (3 to 8 mm diameter) and peripheral airways (2 mm or less diameter). Gland% for the PE+BA group was significantly greater than that for the Cont group, whereas it did not differ significantly from that of the PE or BA groups. Goblet% and thickness of the basement membrane in central and/or peripheral airways in Group PE+BA were significantly greater than those in Group Cont, whereas those in Group PE were similar to those in Group Cont. Although not statistically significant, MOR% in central and peripheral airways from Group PE+BA showed a similar value to that in Group BA, whereas MOR% in Group PE was the same as that in Group Cont. The eosinophil number in peripheral airways walls in Group PE+BA showed a similar value to that in Group BA, which was significantly greater than in Group Cont. Other cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils) showed similar values among Groups PE+BA, PE, and BA. The number of eosinophils in central and/or peripheral airways correlated significantly with both goblet% and BMT, whereas other cells did not. These findings indicate that the airways of Group PE+BA are morphologically similar to those of Group BA, suggesting a combination of pulmonary emphysema with bronchial asthma.
North of England evidence based guidelines development project: guideline for the primary care management of dementia
Authors: M. Eccles, J. Clarke, M. Livingston, N. Freemantle, J. Mason
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Other members of the guideline development and project groups are listed at the end of the paper.

This guideline aims to provide recommendations to assist general practitioners manage people with all forms of dementia and help their carers. This is a summary version of the full guideline.1 The areas covered were developed in conjunction with the guideline development group. They were felt to reflect areas that were important in daily clinical practice. The guideline is for the management of patients with dementia; although it covers the area of screening instruments, it is not meant to cover the area of differential diagnosis. All recommendations are for general practitioners and apply to patients attending general practice with dementia. The development group assumes that doctors will use their knowledge and judgment in applying the principles and recommendations given below in managing individual patients, since the recommendations may not be appropriate for all circumstances. Doctors must decide to adopt any particular recommendation in the light of available resources and the circumstances of individual patients. Throughout this guideline categories of evidence (cited as I, II, or III) and the strength of recommendations (A, B, C, or D) are as described in previous method papers and the full version of the guideline. 1 2 A summary of categories of evidence and strength of recommendations is given in the box.

### Summary points

In general practice, dementia has an incidence of 1.6, a prevalence of 3.6, and a workload of 7.4 consultations per year

General practitioners should use formal cognitive testing as well as clinical judgment in diagnosing dementia

The impact of caring depends on factors such as behaviour and affect more than on the severity of the cognitive impairment

The search strategy was carried out using Medline (covering 1966-96), BIDS-EMBASE(1980-96), and PsycLIT (1974-96). Searches were limited to English …
Optimizing endothelial targeting by modulating the antibody density and particle concentration of anti-ICAM coated carriers
Authors: Andres J. Calderon, Tridib Bhowmick, John Leferovich, Bharat Burman, Benjamin Pichette, Vladimir Muzykantov, David M. Eckmann, Silvia Muro
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Preexposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Mitchell H. Katz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Interobserver Agreement in the Staging of Rectal Cancer Using Endoscopic Ultrasonography
Authors: P. Burtin, A.-F. Rabot, D. Heresbach, S. Carpentier, M.-C. Rousselet, N. Le Berre, J. Boyer
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: In rectal tumors invasion of the rectal fat and perirectal lymph nodes are generally regarded as independent prognostic factors in most prospective series. There are no studies in the literature concerning interobserver agreement on the staging of rectal cancer by endorectal ultrasonography (EUS). The aim of the present study was to assess interobserver agreement using EUS in the TN staging of rectal cancer.
Points from Letters: Larrey and Debridement
Authors: P. R. J. Vickers
Journal: BMJ (1974)

average superannuable income of the 80 main Swansea principles for the year ended March 1974, a figure which included seniority payments.Published surveys have suggested that the local work load is up to twice the national average.Since April 1974 reorganization has brought all sectors of the profession into management participation with an ever- increasing number of managers in the Health Service whose duties and salaries are pub- lished.The nearest managers to the general practitioner are those at district level and the regional medical officers.For a five-day week they average a superannuable income of £7,500.General practitioners, with other clinicians, provide more than a five-day service but are unique in having to provide their own locums for sickness, study, and annual leave from income; and since reorganization parti- cipation in management through a host of new advisory committees, completely unpaid, make further inroads into the unsocial (leisure) periods.Kindersley recognized a shortfall in remuneration from 1966 which is still uncorrected and increasing.Achieve- ments with dynamism, buying added years, and threshold awards are only tinkering with the problem when the basic contract is faulty.We owe a duty to our dependants and successors to correct the discrepancy or our principal concern, the patient, will find the standard of his primary care in jeopardy.-I am, etc.,
L-Arginine inhibits neutrophil adherence and coronary artery dysfunction
Authors: H. Sato, Z.-Q. Zhao, J. Vinten-Johansen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Nitric oxide (NO) attenuates neutrophil (PMN)-mediated damage, partly by inhibiting superoxide anion (O2-) generation and adherence to the coronary artery endothelium. L-Arginine is the endogenous substrate for production of NO via the NO synthase pathway. This study tested the hypothesis that the endogenous NO precursor L-arginine (L-Arg) would reduce PMN-induced coronary artery dysfunction by attenuating O2- production and neutrophil adherence.Neutrophils and left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery segments were isolated from normal, anesthetised (30 mg/kg i.v. pentobarbitone) dogs. LAD segments were either cut into 2-3 mm rings and mounted in organ chambers to measure vascular tone responses to acetylcholine (endothelium-receptor-dependent) and acidified NaNO2 (smooth muscle), or cut into segments to measure adherence of fluorescently labeled neutrophils by epifluorescence microscopy.L-Arg had no direct inhibitory effect on O2- production (cytochrome c reduction) by PMN activated with platelet activating factor (PAF) (34.6 +/- 4.8 nmol vs. 34.2 +/- 4.1 nmol). L-Arg (10 mmol) reduced adherence of fluorescently labeled PMN to isolated canine coronary artery endothelium activated by 100 nM PAF from 187 +/- 11 to 41 +/- 6 PMN/mm2, P < 0.05. This inhibition of adherence was reversed by N-var pi-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA, 1 mmol) (175 +/- 20 PMN/mm2) and by the NO scavenger, carboxy-PTIO (600 mu M, 157 +/- 23 PMN/mm2). D-arginine, the nonmetabolised enantiomer of L-arginine, (D-Arg, 10 mmol) did not reduce adherence (162 +/- 20 PMN/mm2). To determine the effect of PMN on coronary artery endothelial function, canine coronary artery rings were transiently incubated with activated PMNs in organ chambers to induce dysfunction. After washout of PMN, the EC50 (- log M) derived from post-injury concentration-relaxation responses to acetylcholine was significantly less in 10 mmol L-Arg (6.94 +/- 0.08) than untreated rings (6.47 +/- 0.06). In contrast, 10 mmol D-Arg could not reverse this dysfunction (6.48 +/- 0.11).L-Arg reduces PMN-induced coronary endothelial dysfunction by inhibition of adherence via the L-arginine-NO pathway.
CENTRAL RETINITIS WITH RECOVERY OF NORMAL VISION
Authors: W. H. LUEDDE
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Retinal inflammations incident to serious constitutional diseases have been of interest to general practitioners and ophthalmologists ever since the invention of the ophthalmoscope made their observation and study possible. The importance justly attributed to the early recognition of such lesions has not been due primarily to the possibility of saving eyesight but rather their significance in the diagnosis and prognosis of the general malady. Not infrequently an active and apparently healthy person, aroused by an impairment of vision, shows on ophthalmoscopic examination such characteristic lesions that the oculist is almost enabled to name the disease and predict the outcome. Unfortunately, the treatment then undertaken by the internist or family physician may be limited to belated and more orless hopeless efforts to save life. The loss of eyesight which gave the first warning naturally becomes quite a secondary matter. Perhaps an exception should be noted among cases of threatened blindness due
A study of the dermo-epidermal junction in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa using the periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate technique*
Authors: J. NANCHAHAL, M.J. TIDMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Dermo-epidermal separation in dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is thought to results from an abnormality of anchoring fibrils which, in normal skin, are stained selectively by the periodic acid-thiosemicarbazide-silver proteinate technique. This method was applied to non-lesional skin from four patients with generalized recessive DEB, five with localized recessive DEB and one with dominant DEB. No anchoring fibrils were present in the subjects with generalized recessive DEB, but they were morphologically normal in the case of dominant DEB and in three patients with mild localized recessive DEB. Two patients with a more severe form of localized recessive DEB possessed attenuated anchoring fibrils which lacked the normal banding of the mid-portion. The lamina densa, normally unlabelled, was consistently stained in patients with generalized recessive DEB, suggesting a biochemical abnormality of this structure.
1-123 HIPDM Planar Brain Images Demonstrating Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, JOHN J. COUPAL, SYLVIA MAGOUN, CALIXTO PULMANO, HANK F. KUNG, Y YUN RYO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

I-123 HIPDM or IMP brain planar images, as well as SPECT images, have been useful in the detection of large lesion(s) of the cerebral cortex. Planar imaging may be useful not only for cerebral lesions, but also for a cerebellar abnormality and in certain clinical situations, such as phobia to a gantry or being too heavy for the imaging table, when SPECT imaging cannot be performed. The authors concur that a large cerebral lesion can be detected by planar images; in addition, cerebellar lesions, such as the presence of crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD), may be detectable by planar imaging using I-123 HIPDM. This article presents a patient with a large cerebral infarct detected by planar imaging whose CCD has been demonstrated by planar images.
STAT4 deficiency exaggerates airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) after repeated ovalbumin (OVA) challenge
Authors: S. Matsubara, T. Kodama, K. Takeda, N. Miyahara, A. Joetham, C. Taube, A. Dakhama, J. Park, T. Koya, E.W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Gemfibrozil metabolite inhibits in vitro low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and diminishes cytotoxicity induced by oxidized LDL
Authors: Mitsunobu Kawamura, Shigeru Miyazaki, Tamio Teramoto, Keiko Ashidate, Hisako Thoda, Noriko Ando, Kiyohisa Kaneko
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
Hemolysis and Changes in Erythrocyte Membrane Lipids
Authors: Stephen B. Shohet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

THE human erythrocyte membrane is primarily composed of lipid and protein. Since both moieties occur within this membrane in approximately equal amounts by weight, and since hemolysis, by definition, is a result of failure of the erythrocyte membrane, investigation of the nature and fate of both moieties in normal and hemolytic erythrocytes seems to be a reasonable starting point for study of the mechanism of hemolysis. Technical advances in lipid analysis and isolation in the past two decades have facilitated the collection of considerable information on the nature and reactions of membrane lipids.1,2 In contrast, methods for the isolation and . . .
Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in a Marathon Runner
Authors: Michael H. Coverman
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was most intrigued by the article entitled "Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in a Marathon Runner." Although the patient involved had maintained a Herculean exercise schedule for the past eight years, we must remember that this is a 48-year-old man who only did this for less than one fourth of his life. It is well known that even 20-year-old men can already have serious—if not life-threatening—coronary occlusion, and if this article was written to discuss the apparent inability of serious long-distance running to prevent coronary artery disease, then there are some unanswered questions that I would like to bring up. 1. Does intense marathon-type running later in life reverse any damage at all that was incurred earlier in life? 2. What is the effect of lifetime dietary habits? 3. What do competitive sports really mean? Although the patient had a relatively low cholesterol level and a relatively
Artist consults children over works for new centre
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Abigail views one of the works of art commissioned specially for Sunshine House, a new £8.5m (€11.3m; $16.6m) centre in Southwark, south London, that brings together a range of specialist services for children and young people with special needs, disabilities, and complex needs.​needs.





The artist, Milou van Ham, from Rotterdam, involved the centre’s children in deciding the themes and words for her sculptures. The works were commissioned and paid for by Guy’s and St Thomas’ Charity.
Day hospitals and day centres.
Authors: J Wilkie
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Many local anaesthetics are known adversely to affect in vitr tests of platelet function,3 but it is unlikely that lignocaine in the concentrations present in donor blood will have any detrimental effect.At high concentrations (10 mg/ml) lignocaine inhibits clot retrac- tion' and platelet aggregation and adhesion, but at concentrations of about 1 mg/ml no effect was seen.3The satisfactory clinical results obtained from many thousands of platelet transfusions would also support this optimism.Hypersensitivity reactions to blood in the form of urticaria have been estimated to occur in 3% of all transfusions5 and are generally attributed to the presence in the recipient's plasma of antibodies to IgA6 or IgG allotypes,7 or to the presence of reagins.8It is possible that some of these reactions are caused by prior sensitization of the re- cipient to local anaesthetics.The opportunity for sensitization of the general public is high through the widespread use of local anaes- thesia for dental, radiographic, and minor surgical pocedures as well as through blood donation and transfusion.These findings emphasize the wisdom of using some form of deplasmatized red cell preparation (such as red cell concentrates or frozen red cells) whenever the patient's requirement is only that of increased oxygen- carrying capacity.-We are, etc.,
Putting a lid on it: prevention of batting helmet related injuries in cricket
Authors: Craig Ranson, Mark Young
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2012)

The England & Wales Cricket Board (ECB) Science & Medicine Department were the proud recipients of the BMJ 's inaugural Sports & Exercise Team of the Year award. There were several initiatives that led to this recognition, however one of the key projects centred on improving batting helmet safety, via successful collaboration with players, coaches, manufacturers and administrators.

The project was initiated in 2008 when the ECB Injury Surveillance Programme documented a series of head and facial fractures suffered by batsmen wearing a helmet. This was somewhat surprising, as head injury had not previously been considered to have a high incidence, or be a major cause of time-loss.1 To gauge whether this was an isolated problem, the medical staffs of all International Cricket Council (ICC) Full Member Nations were asked to share any similar cases. Over 50 head injuries to batsmen suffered while wearing a helmet have since been documented. Examination of video and photographs of the injuries has highlighted common flaws across a number of helmet models.

A particularly troubling problem is that in several cases severe facial and eye injuries have occurred due to the ball penetrating the gap between the helmet peak and faceguard. In some cases, the ball passed unimpeded through to the face, as the …
THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAIN IN A CASE OF ATABRINE PSYCHOSIS
Authors: L. HALPERN, M. STREIFLER, L. LASZLO
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

Repeated and systematic electroencephalographic examinations in a case of atabrine psychosis showed a marked slowing down and disorganization of the electrical activity of the brain. Clinical improvement was accompanied by a progressive return to normal of the electroencephalographic traces. In reviewing the pertinent literature the correlation between the clinical and the electroencephalographic findings is discussed.
Altruism and Coercion: Should Children Serve as Kidney Donors?
Authors: Norman K. Hollenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Nowhere in medicine does the concept of altruism come into sharper focus than in the area of kidney donation: the donors face considerable pain and a small but measurable risk. In this issue of the Journal, Fost advocates that we extend the opportunity to perform this altruistic act to children who are not identical twins, children as young as seven years of age. This suggestion, which will concern many, challenges our present approach on several grounds.First of all, Fost argues that a precedent has been established for allowing children to serve as donors in cases involving identical twins, . . .
Recommendations on Choice of Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions
Authors: DONALD G. VIDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Editorial Notes1 January 1973Recommendations on Choice of Peritoneal Dialysis SolutionsDONALD G. VIDT, M.D.DONALD G. VIDT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-1-144_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAs the use of peritoneal dialysis has become more widespread, reports of solution-related complications have continued to mount. In an earlier issue of this journal, Gault and associates (1) clearly related most of these complications to inappropriate choice or use of dialysis solutions. In the same issue, Tenckhoff (2) surveyed the choice of peritoneal dialysis solutions and questioned the safety and content of some of the available solutions. Gault and his associates suggested, and Tenckhoff agreed, that a suitable group of physicians should get together and make specific recommendations to solution manufacturers. As a result, a workshop was held in...References1. GAULTFERGUSONSIDHU MEJ: Fluid and electrolyte complications of peritoneal dialysis. Choice of solutions. Ann Intern Med 75:253-262, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar2. TENCKHOFF H: Choice of peritoneal dialysis solutions (editorial). Ibid., pp. 313-314 Google Scholar3. RAJACANTORBOREYKO RRC: Sodium transport during ultrafiltration peritoneal dialysis. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 18:429-435, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Clinical Section Department of Hypertension and Nephrology Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNovel Low Na Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions Designed to Optimize Na Gap of Effluent: Kinetics of Na and Water RemovalSolutions for Peritoneal DialysisAdequacy of Fluid/Sodium Balance and Blood Pressure ControlCAPD systems and solutionsSevere Asymptomatic Hypergl Ycemia in a Nondiabetic Capd PatientNew Approaches to Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis TherapiesOsmotic Agents for Peritoneal DialysisComplications of peritoneal dialysis other than peritonitisPeritoneal DialysatePractical Use of Peritoneal DialysisComplications of Peritoneal Dialysis Other Than PeritonitisPeritoneal dialysisDiabetes und NierenComplications of acute peritoneal dialysisPeritoneal Dialysis with Fructose DialysatePrevention of Hyperglycemia and HyperosmolalityRASIB M. RAJA, M.D., MARK S. KRAMER, M.D., RAMESH MANCHANDA, M.D., NESTOR LAZARO, M.D., JERRY L. ROSENBAUM, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hazards of Hyperosmolar SolutionsDONALD G. VIDT, M.D.Fluid Loss in Peritoneal DialysisUMBERTO BUONCRISTIANI, MARIO TIMIO 1 January 1973Volume 78, Issue 1Page: 144-146KeywordsMedical dialysisPeritoneal dialysisSafety Issue Published: 1 January 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...