tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prednisone Management of Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: Deborah A. DeHertogh, Arthur H. Rossof, Alan A. Harris, Steven G. Economou
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

GRANULOMATOUS mastitis, a lesion that clinically mimics carcinoma, was definitively described in 19721 and is characterized by breast masses that histologically consist of noncaseating granulomas and microabscesses. It is a rare lesion, with only 25 cases reported so far in the literature. The usual therapy has been wide excision of the masses.2 , 3 Recurrence of masses and skin ulceration at the sites of surgery have been frequent problems.2 3 4 Case ReportA 27-year-old black woman noted a mass in her right breast in November 1978, two years after the birth of her only child. She had taken oral contraceptives for five years . . .
Complications in and performance of double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE): results from a large prospective DBE database in Germany
Authors: O. Möschler, A. May, M. Müller, C. Ell
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) has been established as an invaluable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of small-bowel diseases. To evaluate complications, procedural data, and diagnostic yield of DBE examinations in Germany the presented database was introduced.A prospective database of all DBE examinations in 62 endoscopic centers in Germany was developed using data from a standard questionnaire. Information requested included data on personal information, indications, procedural information, interventions, diagnostic yield, and complications.In total, 2245 DBE examinations in 1765 patients were reported prospectively over a 2-year period. The most frequent indication was overt or occult bleeding in the small intestine and the most frequent intervention was argon plasma coagulation of angiodysplasia. The rate of complete enteroscopy was only 23 %. A clear dependency of indication and diagnostic yield could be documented, ranging widely from a diagnostic yield of 16 % in patients with abdominal pain and 82 % in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. A total of 27 complications produced a complication rate for all examinations of 1.2 %. Pancreatitis was diagnosed in four cases (0.3 % of oral-route DBE). Perforations occurred in three patients, two of whom had undergone polypectomy in the small bowel (1.5 % of 137 polypectomies).DBE is a safe endoscopic technique according to this large prospective database, with a complication rate of 1.2 %. The diagnostic yield of DBE examinations depends upon the quality of indication, and is very low in patients with the single indications of "diarrhea" or "abdominal pain".
New Cancer Research Tool
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-linked FUS/TLS alters stress granule assembly and dynamics
Authors: Desiree M Baron, Laura J Kaushansky, Catherine L Ward, Reddy Ranjith K Sama, Ru-Ju Chian, Kristin J Boggio, Alexandre J C Quaresma, Jeffrey A Nickerson, Daryl A Bosco
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-linked fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS or FUS) is concentrated within cytoplasmic stress granules under conditions of induced stress. Since only the mutants, but not the endogenous wild-type FUS, are associated with stress granules under most of the stress conditions reported to date, the relationship between FUS and stress granules represents a mutant-specific phenotype and thus may be of significance in mutant-induced pathogenesis. While the association of mutant-FUS with stress granules is well established, the effect of the mutant protein on stress granules has not been examined. Here we investigated the effect of mutant-FUS on stress granule formation and dynamics under conditions of oxidative stress.We found that expression of mutant-FUS delays the assembly of stress granules. However, once stress granules containing mutant-FUS are formed, they are more dynamic, larger and more abundant compared to stress granules lacking FUS. Once stress is removed, stress granules disassemble more rapidly in cells expressing mutant-FUS. These effects directly correlate with the degree of mutant-FUS cytoplasmic localization, which is induced by mutations in the nuclear localization signal of the protein. We also determine that the RGG domains within FUS play a key role in its association to stress granules. While there has been speculation that arginine methylation within these RGG domains modulates the incorporation of FUS into stress granules, our results demonstrate that this post-translational modification is not involved.Our results indicate that mutant-FUS alters the dynamic properties of stress granules, which is consistent with a gain-of-toxic mechanism for mutant-FUS in stress granule assembly and cellular stress response.
Method for Adjusting the Diet in Diabetes
Authors: CURTIS BRUEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 March 1931Method for Adjusting the Diet in DiabetesCURTIS BRUEN, M.D.CURTIS BRUEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-9-1206 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe treatment of diabetes mellitus is a problem in quantitative chemistry.In functioning the organism exacts a certain output of energy from the metabolism of foodstuffs. This caloric requirement is equal to the basal metabolism, plus a percentage increment for the specific dynamic action of food, and a percentage increment for activity over and above basal. In order to meet this requirement the several foodstuffs must be metabolized in such amounts as correspond to the dietary equationC=4.1 CH+4.1 P+9.3 F (1)in which C represents calories per day, CH, P and F, grams of carbohydrate, protein, and fat respectively,...Bibliography1 SHAFFER PA: Antiketogenesis II, The Ketogenic Balance in Man, J. Biol. Chem. 47: 449-468 (July) 1921; Antiketogenesis III, Calculation of the Ketogenic Balance from the Respiratory Quotient, ibid. 49: 143-162 (Nov.) 1921; Antiketogenesis IV, The Ketogenic-Antiketogenic Balance in Man and its Significance in Diabetes, ibid. 54: 399-441 (Sept.) 1922; Antiketogenesis, Its Mechanism and Significance, Med. 2: 375-404 (Nov.) 1923. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 WOODYATT RF: Objects and Method of Diet Adjustment in Diabetes, Arch. Int. Med. 28: 125-141 (Aug.) 1921. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3 BRUEN C: Nomogram Deriving Basal Metabolism from Height-Weight Coordinates, J. Biol. Chem. 85; 607-609 (Jan.) 1930. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 BRUEN C: Chart for Adjusting the Diet in Diabetes, J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 15: 764-765 (May) 1930. Google Scholar5 MCCANNHANNONPERLZWEIGTOMPKINS WSRRWAEH: Studies of Diabetes Mellitus II, Results of Treatment by Diet Adjustment with Reference to Maintenance Requirement and Ketogenic-Antiketogenic Balance, Arch. Int. Med. 32: 226-258 (Aug.) 1923. RICHARDSON, H. B., AND LADD, W. S.: Clinical Calorimetry XXXIV, Ketosis and the Respiratory Exchange in Diabetes, J. Biol. Chem. 58: 931-968 (Jan.) 1924. MCCLELLAND, W. S., SPENCER, H. J., FALK, E. A., AND DU BOIS, E. F.: Clinical Calorimetry XLIII, A Comparison of the Thresholds of Ketosis in Diabetes, Epilepsy, and Obesity, J. Biol. Chem. 80: 936-952 (Dec.) 1928. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CURTIS BRUEN, M.D.Affiliations: New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1931Volume 4, Issue 9Page: 1206-1211KeywordsCarbohydratesDiabetes mellitusDietEnergy metabolismFatsFoodProteins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preparing young travellers for low resource destinations
Authors: C. N. Fhogartaigh, C. Sanford, R. H. Behrens
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Increasing numbers of young adults travel to developing regions for leisure and social projects.2][3][4] Adverse health events occur more often in young travellers than in older ones, and these are associated with basic living conditions, longer duration of travel, and risk taking behaviours. 3 5Road traffic crashes and injury while swimming also cause an excess number of deaths. 6though extensive data are available on prevention of infectious diseases, data are lacking on accident prevention and behaviour modification to reduce health risks.Most research has focused on travellers of all ages, so extrapolation is needed to provide information on the subgroup of younger people.Healthcare professionals are often consulted about pre-travel issues, and this review aims to provide them with published evidence and expert opinion on the major health problems that affect young people travelling to developing countries.It will also provide a framework for performing a travel health risk assessment. What is involved in a pre-travel risk assessment?A pre-travel risk assessment is the process of gathering information on socioeconomic, behavioural, environmental, and medical factors that are likely to affect travellers at their destination (box 1). 7This is combined with policy recommendations and the individual's preferences to make shared decisions on the most appropriate travel health interventions.Effective communication of risk, traveller's perception of risk, attitude to preventive measures (including cost and side effects), and ability to comply with behaviour modification must all be considered.
Time-limited protective effect of inhaled frusemide against aspirin-induced bronchoconstriction in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics
Authors: P Sestini, MG Pieroni, RM Refini, M Robuschi, G Gambaro, S Spagnotto, A Vaghi, S Bianco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Inhaled frusemide effectively prevents the bronchial obstructive response to allergens and to a number of nonallergic stimuli. In most of the experimental models in which it has been tested, the protective effect of frusemide has been evaluated for only a short time after administration. In aspirin-sensitive patients, acetylsalicylic acid causes an asthmatic reaction which typically lasts for 2 h or more after exposure. We investigated the presence and duration of the protective effect of inhaled frusemide against the bronchial response to aspirin in sensitive patients, using a specific inhalation challenge with lysine acetylsalicylate (LASA). In the first study, eight subjects with aspirin-asthma underwent two bronchial challenges with a single dose of lysine acetylsalicylate administered through a jet nebulizer, after treatment with 40 mg inhaled frusemide or placebo, according to a randomized, double-blind protocol. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was monitored for 120 min after challenge. In the second study in eight patients, the protocol was modified by the use of a dosimeter for delivery of lysine acetylsalicylate, by reducing the dose of lysine acetylsalicylate to avoid intense reactions, and by extending the follow-up to 4 h. In the first study, after placebo, FEV1 gradually decreased, reaching a maximum decrement of 39 +/- 3% at 120min. Inhaled frusemide exerted a significant protection at all time-points, although this activity appeared to decrease with time. In the second study, after placebo, inhaled lysine acetylsalicylate caused a gradual decrease in FEV1, which reached a maximum decrement at 180 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Remarks upon the Treatment of Cancerous Stricture of the OEsophagus by Means of Intubation: With Illustrative Cases
Authors: G. H. Rodman
Journal: BMJ (1889)

in a recent number of Virchow'8 Archiv, which I had overlooked, in which Behrend describes and figures a somewhat similar nodo- sity of hair due to the presence of micrococci.He also describes a method of double-staming, employed by Guttmann, with fuchsin and methylene-blue in watery solution, with which, however I have been unable to obtain as satisfactory results as with Gram's method, using eosin as a contrast stain.
Clinical encounters in cyberspace
Authors: D. Sellu
Journal: BMJ (1996)

We recently redesigned our hospital discharge summary and added my Internet email address. The general practitioners in our area have my telephone and fax numbers and use these frequently to contact me about our patients, and I hoped that those connected would make use of this additional facility to get in touch with me. Patients are given copies of their summaries to take home.

A few weeks ago I logged on to retrieve my mail and was surprised to find a message from a patient discharged only a week before. He had obtained my email address from his copy of the discharge summary and welcomed the chance to tell me that he was pleased with …
Experiments upon the Influence of the Mineral Constituents of the Body upon Immunity from Infective Diseases
Authors: T. L. Brunton, T. J. Bokenham
Journal: BMJ (1891)

and temperature were 56, 100, and 1030 respectively.On the seventh day the respirations rose to 72, the pulse to 116, and the thermometer stood at 1040.There was some delirium, and marked restlessness.On the eighth the face was eyanosed, delirium more pronounced, and physical examination revealed the fact that the pneumonia had extended to the middle and upper lobes.The expectoration was rusty, but very scanty.During the next few days the temperature varied from 990 to 101.5°, but was seldom above 1010; the pulse from 95 to 105, and the respirations from 32 to 60-average 45.On the eleventh day the delirium subsided, and the patient's general condition improved, and crepitus redux was to be heard at the base of the right lung.After the fourteenth day the tempera- ture and pulse, though still indicating the febrile state, moderated considerably, but the breathing remained about 40 in the minute.Dulness continued at the right base, and the breath sounds and (repitations gradually became more feeble and distant.On the twenty-first the chest was explored, and pus drawn off by means of the hypodermic syringe.On the twenty-eighth day paracentesis was performed, and thirty ounces of pus withdrawn.On the forty-second day, as the base was still relatively dull, the needle was introduced once more, but with negative result.Eight days later the chest was aaain explored at the point of maximum dulness, and the result was the same.By degrees the dulness disappeared, and the patient made ani excellent recovery.This case cannot certainly be said to be unique, and I am disposed to think that if practitioners who have met with instances of empyema cured by one tapping will endeavour to recall the earlier history of the case they may be persuaded to admit a pneumonic origin.In conclusion, I would venture to suggest that some, at least, of the recorded cases of abscess of the lungs following pneumonia have been limited em- pyemas that have found their way through the visceral pleura.True abscess of the lung, apart from sepsis or tubercle, I have never seen, and I have now for upwards of thirteen years superintended the post-mortem examinations at our Royal Infirmary.
Phosphorylation of retinoid X receptor suppresses its ubiquitination in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Seiji Adachi, Masataka Okuno, Rie Matsushima-Nishiwaki, Yukihiko Takano, Soichi Kojima, Scott L. Friedman, Hisataka Moriwaki, Yukio Okano
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRalpha) has emerged as an important nuclear receptor involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, because its ligand suppresses the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in both experimental and clinical studies. We have demonstrated that phosphorylation of RXRalpha at serine 260 interferes with its function and delays its degradation in cultured human HCC, leading to enhanced cellular proliferation. Here, we show that in normal liver and in nonproliferating hepatocyte cultures, RXRalpha is unphosphorylated and highly ubiquitinated, rendering it sensitive to proteasome-mediated degradation. On the other hand, phosphoserine 260 RXRalpha is resistant to ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation in both human HCC tissues and a human HCC cell line, HuH7. In these tissues and cells, serine 260 is phosphorylated by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. In proliferating normal hepatocytes, similar to HCC cells, RXRalpha is also phosphorylated at serine 260 and resistant to ubiquitin-mediated degradation by proteasome, but this ubiquitination of RXRalpha is differentially regulated between HCC cells and normal hepatocytes. In proliferating hepatocytes, 9-cis retinoic acid (9cRA), a ligand to RXRalpha, suppresses MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation and thereby enhances ubiquitination of RXRalpha, whereas it fails to exert these effects in HCC cells. In conclusion, switching of the ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation of RXRalpha by phosphorylation at serine 260 may be responsible for the aberrant growth of HCC and its suppression by retinoids.
Amyloid beta protein-induced zinc sequestration leads to synaptic loss via dysregulation of the ProSAP2/Shank3 scaffold
Authors: Andreas M Grabrucker, Michael J Schmeisser, Patrick T Udvardi, Magali Arons, Michael Schoen, Nathaniel S Woodling, Katrin I Andreasson, Patrick R Hof, Joseph D Buxbaum, Craig C Garner, Tobias M Boeckers
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2011)

Memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifest together with the loss of synapses caused by the disruption of the postsynaptic density (PSD), a network of scaffold proteins located in dendritic spines. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Since it was shown that ProSAP2/Shank3 scaffold assembly within the PSD is Zn2+-dependent and that the amyloid beta protein (Aβ) is able to bind Zn2+, we hypothesize that sequestration of Zn2+ ions by Aβ contributes to ProSAP/Shank platform malformation.To test this hypothesis, we designed multiple in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrating ProSAP/Shank dysregulation in rat hippocampal cultures following Aβ oligomer accumulation. These changes were independent from alterations on ProSAP/Shank transcriptional level. However, application of soluble Aβ prevented association of Zn2+ ions with ProSAP2/Shank3 in a cell-based assay and decreased the concentration of Zn2+ clusters within dendrites. Zn2+ supplementation or saturation of Aβ with Zn2+ ions prior to cell treatment was able to counter the effects induced by Aβ on synapse density and ProSAP2/Shank3 levels at the PSD. Interestingly, intracellular Zn2+ levels in APP-PS1 mice and human AD hippocampus are reduced along with a reduction in synapse density and synaptic ProSAP2/Shank3 and Shank1 protein levels.We conclude that sequestration of Zn2+ ions by Aβ significantly contributes to changes in ProSAP2/Shank3 platforms. These changes in turn lead to less consolidated (mature) synapses reflected by a decrease in Shank1 protein levels at the PSD and decreased synapse density in hippocampal neurons.
Immunity to rubella in women of childbearing age in the United Kingdom.
Authors: N. D. Noah, S. E. Fowle
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In the first three years of a surveillance scheme for susceptibility to rubella in women aged 15-44 the results of over 1.3 million serological tests were collected by 80 laboratories throughout the United Kingdom. Seventy eight per cent of the results, or an average of 340,000 a year, were from pregnant women, so that just under half of all pregnant women in the United Kingdom were reported on. Eighteen per cent of results were from women tested before vaccination and the remainder were from diagnostic and other tests. Pregnant women showed an overall downward trend in susceptibility to rubella (from 4.2% at the beginning of 1984 to 3.0% at the end of 1986), and a similar decline was seen in the two other categories. Regional data showed a significant negative correlation between the proportion of pregnant women aged 15-19 who were susceptible to the virus and rate of uptake of vaccine in 14 year old schoolgirls. Women aged 25-29 were least susceptible. This form of laboratory surveillance is feasible and representative; it should be continued to monitor the effect of introducing the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.
Induced Disease: Drug, Irradiation, Occupation
Authors: John J. Massarelli
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This book is composed of 19 essays related to health problems induced by drugs, irradiation, or occupational hazards. The editor is director of the Department of Radiology at the Franch Hospital in San Francisco and has teaching appointments at two campuses of the University of California. Part 1 consists of six papers on selected aspects of drug-induced disease, specifically, liver tumors, rickets, pulmonary disease, pseudomembranous colitis, and the relation of oral contraceptives to ischemic bowel disease. There is also a paper on drug hazards in coronary arteriography and one on radiological studies of animal models for evaluation of drug- and occupation-induced diseases. Part 2 is concerned with diseases induced by diagnostic and therapeutic radiography. The first two articles in this part discuss the "Management of Radiation Hazard." There are excellent, brief treatments of mammography, the pros and cons of the Ten Day Principle (which proposes that nonurgent radiography of the
Pharmacological prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a randomized controlled study
Authors: O. Riggio, A. Masini, C. Efrati, F. Nicolao, S. Angeloni, Filippo M. Salvatori, M. Bezzi, Adolfo F. Attili, M. Merli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Early Conception Following Labor.
Authors: E. L. Annis
Journal: JAMA (1899)

LaPorte, Ind., Oct. 10, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Gould and Pyle, in their work "Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine," mention several cases of early conception after a preceding pregnancy varying from forty hours to twenty-eight days. I desire to place on record another case: Mrs. B. was delivered on Dec. 5, 1898, of a girl. On September 27, 1899, she was again delivered of a boy at full term. She must have become pregnant on or about Dec. 27, 1898, just twenty-two days after the delivery of her first child. Yours truly,
H2.0-like Homeobox Regulates Early Hematopoiesis and Promotes Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Masahiro Kawahara, Ashley Pandolfi, Boris Bartholdy, Laura Barreyro, Britta Will, Michael Roth, Ujunwa C. Okoye-Okafor, Tihomira I. Todorova, Maria E. Figueroa, Ari Melnick, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Ulrich Steidl
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)