tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous quantitative determination of eight index constituents and compatibility changes in Longchai Decoction by UPLC–Q-TOF-MS
Authors: Yizhi Zhou, Xunhong Liu, Fei Chen, Fengsu Zhang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

The goal of this research was to develop a simple, rapid and sensitive method for simultaneous quantitative determination of salidroside, gardenoside, liquiritin, baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin, saikosaponin A and saikosaponin D in Longchai Decoction by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–Q-TOF-MS), in order to control the quality of Longchai Decoction and to analyze the changes of chemical components before and after the compatibility of the component herb drugs. The chromatographic separation was performed on the Waters ACQUITY BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) using the mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% (v/v) methanoic acid as mobile phase with a gradient elution program at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and the column temperature of 30 °C. The eight components of the standards achieved baseline separation. Regression analysis revealed a linear relationship (r2>0.9998) between the contents and the peak areas of the mixed standard substances. The average recovery rates were between 99.72% and 102.13% with RSD values were less than 2.82% (n=5). The obtained results indicated that the content of index components were higher in co-decoction compared to mixed decoction. This method with a good resolution and high precision can be used for the quality control of Longchai Decoction.
Cerebrovascular Response to Carbon Dioxide in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Ailiang Xie, James B. Skatrud, Rami Khayat, Jerome A. Dempsey, Barbara Morgan, Douglas Russell
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Rationale: Cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 provides an important counterregulatory mechanism that serves to minimize the change in H+ at the central chemoreceptor, thereby stabilizing the breathing pattern in the face of perturbations in PaCO2. However, there are no studies relating cerebral circulation abnormality to the presence or absence of central sleep apnea in patients with heart failure. Objectives: To determine whether patients with congestive heart failure and central sleep apnea have an attenuated cerebrovascular responsibility to CO2. Methods: Cerebral blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery was measured in patients with stable congestive heart failure with (n = 9) and without (n = 8) central sleep apnea using transcranial ultrasound during eucapnia (room air), hypercapnia (inspired CO2, 3 and 5%), and hypocapnia (voluntary hyperventilation). In addition, eight subjects with apnea and nine without apnea performed a 20-second breath-hold to investigate the dynamic cerebrovascular response to apnea. Measurements and Main Results: The overall cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 (hyper- and hypocapnia) was lower in patients with apnea than in the control group (1.8 ± 0.2 vs. 2.5 ± 0.2%/mm Hg, p < 0.05), mainly due to the prominent reduction of cerebrovascular reactivity to hypocapnia (1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 2.2 ± 0.1%/mm Hg, p < 0.05). Similarly, brain blood flow demonstrated a smaller surge after a 20-second breath-hold (peak velocity, 119 ± 4 vs. 141 ± 8% of baseline, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with central sleep apnea have a diminished cerebrovascular response to PETCO2, especially to hypocapnia. The compromised cerebrovascular reacticity to CO2 might affect stability of the breathing pattern by causing ventilatory overshooting during hypercapnia and undershooting during hypocapnia.
Perceptions of Safety Are Shaped by the Hospital Environment
Authors: G. Randy Smith, Vikram K. Devisetty, Debi L. Mitra
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Diazoxide and Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: MICHAEL H. ROSOVE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 September 1976Diazoxide and Myocardial IschemiaMICHAEL H. ROSOVE, M.D.MICHAEL H. ROSOVE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-3-395_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: In a recent issue of this journal, Kanada and colleagues (1) report a high incidence of cardiac ischemic manifestations after the use of diazoxide (Hyperstat® IV) for severe hypertension. They postulate that the rapid fall in blood pressure and resulting regional decrease in coronary blood flow in patients with obstructive coronary artery lesions was responsible. A reflex tachycardia after drug administration may be important in some instances. A 62-year-old white woman was normotensive 1 year before admission but became hypertensive during the year. She came to the emergency room having had headaches and vomiting for 3 days....References1. KANADAKANADAHUTCHINSON SDR: Angina-like syndrome with diazoxide therapy for hypertensive crisis. Ann Intern Med 84:696-699, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. RUBINROTHTAYLOR AFR: Pharmacology of diazoxide, an antihypertensive, nondiuretic benzothiadiazine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 136:344-352, 1962 MedlineGoogle Scholar3. HAMBYJANKOWSKIPOUGET WGJ: Intravenous use of diazoxide in the treatment of severe hypertension. Circulation 37:169-174, 1968 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine UCLA Center for the Health Sciences Los Angeles, CA 90024 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGENETIC STUDIES OF HYDATIDIFORM MOLESHAZARDS OF INTRAVENOUS DIAZOXIDEBlood pressure reduction by incremental infusion of labetalol in patients with severe hypertension.Hypotensive drugsLABETALOL IN HYPERTENSION 1 September 1976Volume 85, Issue 3Page: 395-395KeywordsCoronary arteriesDrug administrationEmergency departmentFallsHypertensionIschemiaLesionsReflexesTachycardiaVomiting Issue Published: 1 September 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Familial Diarrhea Syndrome Caused by an Activating<i>GUCY2C</i>Mutation
Authors: Torunn Fiskerstrand, Najla Arshad, Bjørn Ivar Haukanes, Rune Rose Tronstad, Khanh Do-Cong Pham, Stefan Johansson, Bjarte Håvik, Siv L. Tønder, Shawn E. Levy, Damien Brackman, Helge Boman, Kabir Hassan Biswas, Jaran Apold, Nils Hovdenak, Sandhya S. Visweswariah, Per M. Knappskog
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Familial diarrhea disorders are, in most cases, severe and caused by recessive mutations. We describe the cause of a novel dominant disease in 32 members of a Norwegian family. The affected members have chronic diarrhea that is of early onset, is relatively mild, and is associated with increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease, small-bowel obstruction, and esophagitis.
Erythrocytosis Associated with Carcinoma of the Kidney
Authors: Loren M. Rosenbach
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE ASSOCIATION of erythrocytosis with a variety of lesions of the kidney has been noted in an increasing number of cases. Hypernephroma has been the most common lesion, with some 49 cases having been reported, mostly within the last 5 years. The papers of Damon et al.<sup>1</sup>and Lawrence and Donald<sup>2</sup>record most of these cases. The 11 cases of non-neoplastic renal lesions with erythrocytosis have been summarized by Jones et al.<sup>3</sup> From the hematologic standpoint, erythrocytosis is evident, with elevation of the hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell count, but, in contrast to polycythemia vera, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and splenomegaly are all lacking. The leukocyte alkaline phosphatase level, which is almost invariably elevated in polycythemia vera, is normal in renal erythrocytosis.<sup>4</sup> The relationship of a humoral factor controlling erythropoiesis (erythropoietin) and the kidney has been supported by a large body of experimental work.<sup>5-8</sup>Plasma erythropoietin
Support for Belgian Doctors
Authors: C. T. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1964)

<h3>Background</h3> The active form of vitamin B6, called pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P), is an essential cofactor for several enzymes involved in various pathways of intermediary metabolism. PNPO is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of pyridoxal from vitamin B6 and a lack of activity causes dependency on an external source of pyridoxal. Epileptic seizure is the clinical outcome of P5P deficiency. <h3>Purpose</h3> To provide a dosage form suitable for newborns and children. Capsules containing standardised P5P were compounded. Moreover, a fully soluble powder blend was formulated to fill the capsules and a method to determine the stability of the P5P content was developed. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Dissolution assays were performed using oral syringes as nurses do. Time to complete dissolution and concentration were determined at each test. P5P content was determined by HPLC-UV (205 nm). The mobile phase consisted of phosphate buffer (0.05 M; pH 2.6) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The right active ingredient was tested by adding vitamin B6 to samples. Degradation by-products in stress conditions were also determined. The method was validated according to ICH recommendations. <h3>Results</h3> Strengths were standardised at 10, 25, 50, 100 or 250 mg/capsule. The adopted blend is quickly solubilised in water and has a sweet taste. The HPLC readings were linear (r² = 0.9994) at the wavelength used, indicating good reproducibility and repeatability (SD = 0.46%). No matrix effect due to the diluent was observed. <h3>Conclusions </h3> As P5P is a low toxicity compound, a test treatment with P5P is given to every newborn with idiopathic seizure before any treatment with standard antiepileptics. This method allows rapid routine assay of P5P. Stability testing of 3 compounded batches is ongoing. No conflict of interest.
Platelets and Prostaglandins in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Samuel Zoneraich
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The potential role of the platelet in cardiovascular disease has given rise to a steady stream of papers. Mehta and Mehta have seized a challenging opportunity by producing a modern reference work covering virtually every aspect that in any way relates to the role of platelets and prostaglandins in cardiovascular disease. This exhaustive treatment of the role of platelets is based not only on their own experience but on that of several contributors, many of them pioneers and experts in this rapidly evolving field. The text consists of 28 chapters organized into four sections: basic physiological and pharmacologic concepts, atherosclerosis, animal studies, and human studies. The first five chapters present an excellent review of basic physiological and pharmacologic concepts. I especially liked the comprehensive review by Riba et al, which explains the importance of indium 111 platelet scintigraphy in detecting cardiovascular disorders and limitations to this technique. The next three
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Association of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use on Cardiovascular Outcomes With Clopidogrel and Ticagrelor: Insights From PLATO”
Authors: Shaun G. Goodman, Robert Clare, Karen S. Pieper, Kenneth W. Mahaffey, Robert A. Harrington, José C. Nicolau, Robert F. Storey, Warren J. Cantor, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Steen Husted, Christopher P. Cannon, Stefan K. James, Jan Kilhamn, Ph. Gabriel Steg, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Childhood Stroke Cause Identified
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sorbitol removal by the metastatic liver: a predictor of systemic toxicity of intra-arterial chemotherapy in patients with liver metastases
Authors: Fabrizio Bar, Stefania Battista, Maria Cesira Bucchi, Claudio Zanon, Maurizio Grosso, Oscar Alabiso, Stefania Miraglia, Nazario Cappello, Angela Gariboldi, Gianpaolo Molino
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Malaria Treatment in the United States
Authors: Josh P. Hanson, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nick P. J. Day
Journal: JAMA (2007)

To the Editor: In their review of the treatment of malaria in the United States, Dr Griffith and colleagues provided a concise summary for clinicians who infrequently encounter malaria. While the information is important, they propose that the second question to be asked when managing malaria is “What is the parasite density?” Although there is an association between the peripheral parasite count and patient outcome, it is a relatively weak one. Other clinical and laboratory variables have stronger prognostic value, particularly acidosis and pulmonary and renal disease. In an international trial, almost 70% of 1050 severe malaria patients had a peripheral parasite count of less than 5%, and the mortality in this population was 18%. Emphasis on a “low” parasite count, rather than disease manifestations, may offer the clinician false reassurance or lead to an underestimation of the contribution of the malaria infection to a patient’s symptoms. The central pathophysiological mechanism in severe malaria is the mechanical microcirculatory obstruction caused by sequestration of infected erythrocytes. This increases as parasites mature during their 48-hour asexual life cycle. Once infected, erythrocytes are adherent to endothelium in the microcirculation; they will no longer appear in the peripheral circulation. Therefore, depending on the stage of the parasites’ life cycle, 2 patients with the same peripheral parasitemia may have as much as a 100fold difference in the total number of parasites in the body. Regarding quinidine, the main parenteral agent discussed in the article, the current World Health Organization treatment guidelines note that quinidine is more toxic than quinine and should only be used if no other effective parenteral drugs are available. The same guidelines recommend artesunate as the treatment of choice in lowtransmission areas, as it has been shown to be associated with a 34.7% relative reduction in mortality compared with quinine; while it is available in many developing countries, it has not yet been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
TENDOVAGINITIS WITH ARTHRITIS, A NEW SYNDROME OF CHICKENS: ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN INFECTIOUS AGENT
Authors: J. G. Lecce, F. G. Sperling, L. Hayflick, W. Stinebring
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

The findings with an infectious agent isolated from cases of tendovaginitis or arthritis of chickens were as follows:- Cultures, stains, and darkfield studies of material containing this agent for spirochetes, bacteria, and pleuropneumonia-like organisms were negative. The yolk sac was the preferred route of inoculation, all of the embryos dying in 4 to 12 days. The agent passed through a bacteria-retaining filter, but with a drop in titer. Antibiotic sensitivity tests revealed that the agent was most sensitive to the tetracycline antibiotics, less sensitive to chloromycetin, dihydrostreptomycin, and resistant to penicillin. From electron micrographs it was concluded that the agent is a rigid, dense, coccobacillus from 0.2 micro to 0.5 micro, in size. The agent produced a cytopathogenic effect in tissue cultures of chick heart fibroblasts. The agent had no gross effect on suckling or newly weaned mice, pigs, or guinea pigs. Reasons for suggesting that the agent is most similar to a rickettsia or possibly a large virus are discussed.
THE PROBLEMS OF MELANOMA
Authors: J. Ewing
Journal: BMJ (1930)

likelv to escape furtlher stuLdv, an+d we imiav perhapslook forw^ardl to the timiie whlen we slhall be able to switchl off -ou, niervotus en-ergy as readilv -as wNe (lo our-wireless or our electric liglht, anld so regulate its consumnlptioni to oUrI better advantage.In these days the prlblem of utilizing timiie a(ldvanta,ieously is beeoming a mneore and more difficult onle, an(l those who lear-n carly in life lhowv not to waste -tle hours at their disposal have taken a most impor'tant stel) in achievinig such success as lies withini their reach.* * ~~~CONC US I(1NS.In the course of these rathel d(lesultory and disijointed rcmiiar-ks 11o attemp)t has been madle to lay down hard-andl- fast regUlations goverining the l)lescril)tion of work, rest, or play for the preservation of health or for combating disease.No l)rescriptlon of the kinid cant be printed and distributed indiscriamiinately to all hlio seek advice oni this <subject, and nlo rules can be formulated, applicabhle to anyv case, witlhouit carefull conside ration of the individvA+--nTrt-rr p)ersonlal factors inivolved.Buit ifgegulatiouv si-idn p.ihlo guiding prinucipks are u)ot without their value, anid amiiong( these I would empha- size again:(a) The recogniition of work as an ally, not ani einemy, ir thlera,petutic operlationis onI niervous disease.(4) h'l'e paranmount importance of a correct (liagIlosis in funietional disorders before determininig the part to be played by rest and work in their treatment.
Metabolism of Cyclamate and Its Conversion to Cyclohexylamine
Authors: Alan J Collings
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Since cyclamates were first introduced in the early 1950s, arguments have raged over the potential carcinogenicity of this artificial sweetener. Concern over the safety of cyclamates arises from observations that some individuals and experimental animals can metabolize cyclamate to cyclohexylamine and that cyclohexylamine has been shown to produce testicular atrophy in experimental animals. This study examines the absorption, excretion, and metabolism of cyclamate, particularly its conversion to cyclohexylamine. In addition, the potential toxicity and pharmacology of cyclohexylamine are discussed.
National Research Council Endorses Human Gene Mapping Project
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ABSTRACT THE HUMAN GENOME Initiative has received another vote of confidence. The National Research Council, an arm of the National Academy of Sciences that is empowered by Congress to advise the federal government, is recommending a $3-billion effort to map and sequence the human genome.The committee advises appropriating $200 million each year for the project over the next 15 years. It emphasizes that funding should be generated de novo, not diverted from existing biologic and medical research efforts.As envisioned, the project would be executed in two stages: genome mapping and DNA sequencing. The first would involve preparing both physical maps, in which previously identified DNA segments are aligned in proper order on the appropriate chromosome, and genetic maps, which demonstrate the frequency with which two traits are likely to be inherited together (JAMA 1987;258:1131-1132).The recommendation paralleled provisions of two Senate bills—the science initiative bill introduced last summer by
Phase II Study of Oxaliplatin in Platinum-Resistant and Refractory Ovarian Cancer: A Gynecologic Group Study
Authors: Paula M. Fracasso, John A. Blessing, Mark A. Morgan, Anil K. Sood, James S. Hoffman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

A phase II study was conducted to determine the efficacy of oxaliplatin therapy in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory epithelial ovarian carcinoma.Eligible patients were to receive oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 intravenously over 2 hours, every 21 days, until progression of disease or adverse effects prohibited further therapy.Of 25 patients entered onto the study, 23 were eligible and assessable. There were no patients with complete response. One patient (4.3%) achieved a partial response, with a response duration of 6.4 months. Nine patients (39.1%) experienced stable disease, with a median duration of 5.6+ months (range, 1.8 to 13.1 months). The most frequently reported drug-related toxicities were hematologic, gastrointestinal, and neurologic.Oxaliplatin as a single agent has minimal activity in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer at the dosage and schedule tested. However, future studies of oxaliplatin combined with other active agents in women with platinum-naïve or platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian carcinoma may be indicated.
Too many to count
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In the days when the pub across the road was a legitimate extension of the hospital wards and on-call rooms, a bottle of beer strangely found its way to the sister's office. A nurse carrying a patient's dinner tray reawakened the hitherto dormant spirit of scientific inquiry. The fish was swabbed and the swab was sent for culture to the laboratory, accompanied by a test tube of beer labelled “urine.” The beer came back “yeast cells, too many too count.” The …