tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dihydroergotamine-Heparin Prophylaxis of Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Paul G. Hattersley
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  The recent multicenter report on prophylaxis of postoperative thrombosis 1 and the editorial by Dr Hirsh 2 were excellent. Postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with the pulmonary embolism that so frequently follows it, continues to be one of the commonest causes of in-hospital deaths in this country. Considering its frequent occurrence, it is rather shocking how seldom appropriate prophylactic measures are being used in routine surgical practice.  This study demonstrated quite clearly that dihydroergotamine with heparin, 5,000 IU, was more effective than the same dose of dihydroergotamine with 2,500 IU of heparin and, likewise, more effective than dihydroergotamine alone or 5,000 IU of heparin alone.  This raises the question again as to whether the appropriate dose of heparin should not be chosen on the basis of the patient's probable sensitivity. As pointed out by Dr Hirsh, 2 the recent study of Leyvraz et al 3 demonstrates that
Myeloproliferative Disorders: A New International Study
Authors: Louis R. Wasserman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The Polycythemia Vera Study Group (PVSG) was organized seven years ago to better define the natural history of the disease, the optimal therapy, and the influence of the various therapeutic modalities on the course of the disease, particularly in development of myeloid metaplasia, myelofibrosis, and acute leukemia. Four hundred ten patients with polycythemia vera have already been entered into this randomized prospective study and are now being followed up.  The PVSG has just instituted a major new protocol to study other myeloproliferative syndromes, exclusive of granulocytic leukemias. Previously untreated patients whose conditions were diagnosed as agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, myelofibrosis or sclerosis, primary thrombocytosis, or unclassificable myeloproliferative variants, will be enrolled for study. The purpose of this is to learn as much as possible about the pathophysiology of these disorders and to perform randomized therapeutic trials to determine the most effective therapy.  Each patient will receive extensive diagnostic
A novel integrin involved in thymocyte-thymic epithelial cell interactions.
Authors: M Giunta, A Favre, D Ramarli, C E Grossi, G Corte
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Thymocytes differentiate in the thymic microenvironment into immunocompetent T cell through the interaction with a variety of accessory cells, including thymic epithelial cells (TEC). TEC plays an important role in the selection process presenting self antigens in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to the maturing T cells. The T cell receptor recognizes the self antigen-MHC complex, but other surface molecules help stabilize this interaction. Thus, the CD2/LFA-3 and LFA-1/intercellular adhesion molecule 1 pairs have been shown to participate in the binding between lymphoid cells and TEC. Here we describe an integrin of the very late activation antigen subfamily composed by the known beta 1 chain and by a novel alpha chain. This adhesion molecule is expressed on the surface of medullary TEC and is involved in the adhesion between TEC and thymocytes, but not peripheral blood T lymphocytes.
Preoperative Urine Cultures at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Authors: Dimitri M. Drekonja, Breanna Zarmbinski, James R. Johnson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2012)

New Perspectives on Urinary Tract Infection in Men Comment on "Urinary Tract Infection in Male Veterans: Treatment Patterns and Outcomes" and on "Preoperative Urine Cultures at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center"
Unity and diversity in disorders of cognitive coordination
Authors: William A. Phillips, Steven M. Silverstein
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Studies of aging and autism as outlined by Bertone, Mottron, &amp; Faubert ( Bertone et al. ) and by Faubert &amp; Bertone suggest that disorders of cognitive coordination involving impairments of dynamic gestalt grouping and context-sensitivity may be common to several different disorders. We agree that such studies may shed light on these processes and their neuronal bases. However, we also emphasize that dynamic grouping and context-sensitivity can fail in various ways, and that, although the underlying pathophysiology may often involve NMDA-receptor malfunction, many different malfunctions are possible, and each of these may result from any one of a number of different etiologies.
Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoma: a chronic EBV+ lymphoproliferative disorder with risk to develop a systemic lymphoma
Authors: Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez, Cecilia Ridaura, Florian Nagl, Marimar Sáez-de-Ocariz, Carola Durán-McKinster, Ramon Ruiz-Maldonado, Georgia Alderete, Peter Grube, Carmen Lome-Maldonado, Irina Bonzheim, Falko Fend
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 1406: Evoking potent RNAi response using novel 2′-OMe-phosphorodithioated modified siRNAs
Authors: Sherry Wu, Xianbin Yang, Martin Egli, Kshipra Ghaupure, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Michael McGuire, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Takahito Miyake, Morgan Taylor, Sunila Pradeep, Archana Nagaraja, Malgorzata Sierant, Richa Singhania, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Nigel McMillan, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Prahlad Ram, Barbara Nawrot, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Improving small interfering RNA (siRNA) efficacy in target cell populations remains a critical challenge to bringing siRNA therapy into the clinic. There is currently an unmet need to develop a reliable strategy to globally enhance siRNA stability and potency. Here, we report a novel chemical modification, consisting of phosphorodithioate (PS2) and 2′-O-Methyl (2′-OMe) MePS2 on a single nucleotide, that significantly enhances potency and resistance to nuclease degradation for a variety of siRNA sequences. We show a 3.5-fold improvement in gene silencing in tumors following systemic delivery of MePS2-modified siRNAs using DOPC nanoliposomes compared to unmodified counterparts. We found that this enhanced potency stems from an unforeseen increase in loading of siRNAs to the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), likely due to the unique interaction between 2′-OMe and PS2 moieties. We subsequently demonstrate the therapeutic utility of MePS2 siRNAs in orthotopic mouse models of chemoresistant ovarian cancer, focusing on targeting GRAM domain containing 1B (GRAMD1B), a protein whose role in taxane resistance is first reported here. Efficient silencing of GRAMD1B (&amp;gt;80%) was achieved in tumors following systemic delivery of these MePS2-modified siRNAs and a synergistic anti-tumor effect was observed when combined with paclitaxel treatment. Given that limited success has been achieved thus far toward broadly enhancing siRNA potency with chemically modified siRNAs, our finding represents an important step forward in bringing siRNA therapeutics into the clinic. Citation Format: Sherry Wu, Xianbin Yang, Martin Egli, Kshipra Ghaupure, Hiroto Hatakeyama, Michael McGuire, Rajesha Rupaimoole, Takahito Miyake, Morgan Taylor, Sunila Pradeep, Archana Nagaraja, Malgorzata Sierant, Richa Singhania, Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo, Nigel McMillan, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Prahlad Ram, Barbara Nawrot, Anil K. Sood. Evoking potent RNAi response using novel 2′-OMe-phosphorodithioated modified siRNAs. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1406. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1406
The Ethics of Organ Transplantation
Authors: Armand H. Matheny Antommaria
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Highly Fluorescent and Photostable Probe for Long‐Term Bacterial Viability Assay Based on Aggregation‐Induced Emission
Authors: Engui Zhao, Yuning Hong, Sijie Chen, Chris W. T. Leung, Carrie Y. K. Chan, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ben Zhong Tang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Abstract Long‐term tracking of bacterial viability is of great importance for monitoring the viability change of bacteria under storage, evaluating disinfection efficiency, as well as for studying the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of antibacterials. Most of the conventional viability dyes, however, suffer from high toxicity and/or poor photostability, making them unsuitable for long‐term studies. In this work, an aggregation‐induced emission molecule, TPE‐2BA, which can differentiate dead and living bacteria and serve as a highly fluorescent and photostable probe for long‐term viability assay. TPE‐2BA is a cell‐impermeable DNA stain that binds to the groove of double‐stranded DNA. Bacteria with compromised membrane open the access for TPE‐2BA to reach DNA, endowing it with strong emission. The feasibility of using TPE‐2BA for screening effective bactericides is also demonstrated. Plate count experiment reveals that TPE‐2BA poses negligible toxicity to bacteria, indicating that it is an excellent probe for long‐term bacterial viability assay.
BK Virus Prophylaxis With Levofloxacin—Reply
Authors: John S. Gill, Greg A. Knoll, Atul Humar
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characteristics and determinants of outcome of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care units: the EUROBACT International Cohort Study
Authors: Alexis Tabah, Despoina Koulenti, Kevin Laupland, Benoit Misset, Jordi Valles, Frederico Bruzzi de Carvalho, José Artur Paiva, Nahit Çakar, Xiaochun Ma, Philippe Eggimann, Massimo Antonelli, Marc J. M. Bonten, Akos Csomos, Wolfgang A. Krueger, Adam Mikstacki, Jeffrey Lipman, Pieter Depuydt, Aurélien Vesin, Maité Garrouste-Orgeas, Jean-Ralph Zahar, Stijn Blot, Jean Carlet, Christian Brun-Buisson, Claude Martin, Jordi Rello, Georges Dimopoulos, Jean-François Timsit
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
The rapid and reversible activation of a calcium-independent plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 during myocardial ischemia.
Authors: D A Ford, S L Hazen, J E Saffitz, R W Gross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Recent studies have demonstrated the existence of two members of a novel family of calcium-independent plasmalogen-selective phospholipases A2 in mammalian myocardium (Wolf, R. A., and R. W. Gross. 1985. J. Biol. Chem. 260:7295-7303; and Hazen, S. L., D. A. Ford, and R. W. Gross. 1991. J. Biol. Chem. 266:5629-5633). To examine the potential role of these calcium-independent phospholipases A2 in mediating membrane dysfunction during early myocardial ischemia, the temporal course of alterations in phospholipase A2 activity during global ischemia in Langendorf perfused rabbit hearts was quantified and compared with traditionally accepted markers of myocytic ischemic injury and anaerobic metabolism. We now report that membrane-associated calcium-independent plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 activity increased over 400% during 2 min of global ischemia (P less than 0.01), was near maximally activated (greater than 10-fold) after only 5 min of ischemia, and remained activated throughout the entire ischemic interval examined (2-60 min). Activation of membrane-associated plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 after 5 min of myocardial ischemia was rapidly reversible during reperfusion of ischemic tissue. Both the activation of phospholipase A2 and its reversibility during reperfusion were temporally correlated to alterations in myocytic anaerobic metabolism. Furthermore, activation of membrane-associated phospholipase A2 was essentially complete before electron microscopic evidence of cellular damage. Collectively, these results identify dynamic alterations in calcium-independent plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 activity during myocardial ischemia which precede irreversible cellular injury and demonstrate that activation of plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 is amongst the earliest biochemical alterations in ischemic myocardium.
Mutations in the R1α Regulatory Subunit of Protein Kinase A Cause Familial Cardiac Myxomas
Authors: Carl J. Vaughan, Mairead Casey, Jie He, Cathy Hatcher, Jordan M. Winter, Stanislawa Weremowicz, Kate Montgomery, Raju Kucherlapati, Cynthia C. Morton, Craig T. Basson
Journal: Circulation (2000)

There is considerable debate about the choice of intravenous platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for percutaneous coronary intervention, after a meta-analysis of 7 trials and 16,770 patients has shown a 38% reduction in death or non-fatal MI 30 days after the index procedure.At 149 hospitals in 18 countries throughout North America, Europe and Australia, 4810 patients were randomized between 12/30/99 and 8/25/00 and treated with either tirofiban or abciximab on a double-blind, double dummy basis.Clopidogrel and aspirin were administered preprocedurally, along with a 70 U/kg intravenous heparin bolus.The dose of tirofiban was 10 mcg/kg bolus and 0.15 mcg/kg/min infusion for 18 -24 hrs; for abciximab it was 0.25 mcg/kg bolus and 0.125 mcg/kg/min (max 10 mcg/min) infusion.Patients qualified by having suitable anatomy for "intent-to-stent" lesions addressed by percutaneous revascularization, and were not with evolving ST-elevation MI or with serum creatinine Ͼ2.5 mg/dl.The primary endpoint is 30 death or non-fatal MI and the trial has Ͼ80% power to determine non-inferiority for tirofiban with an expected event rate in the control (abciximab) group of 5.3% based on the EPISTENT trial.The primary endpoint data will be presented along with the key subgroups such as diabetics.Follow-up data for the trial to 1 year will also be performed.
Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection
Authors: Klaus Lind
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their article on acute hemolytic anemia with<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>pneumonia (236: 1140, 1976), Drs Turtzo and Ghatak mention that the diagnosis of<i>M pneumoniae</i>infection is usually made on the basis of a rising titer of cold agglutinin (CA). They acknowledge the fact that the CA test is unspecific, since other infections (eg, those caused by virus) may give a positive CA titer. However, their statement that titers in these cases are usually low (1:32 or less) in contrast to CA titers in<i>M pneumoniae</i>infections is not documented and is in disagreement with other findings.<sup>1</sup> Their miscitation of an article<sup>2</sup>by saying that a fourfold rise in CA titer is virtually diagnostic creates a pitfall for the clinician, since CA titer rises of the same magnitude may, in fact, be seen during infections other than those caused by<i>M pneumoniae</i>.<sup>1</sup> The authors
Comparative study of the skin pathergy test with blunt and sharp needles in Behcet's disease: confirmed specificity but decreased sensitivity with sharp needles.
Authors: N Dilsen, M Konice, O Aral, L Ocal, M Inanc, A Gul
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To compare the specificity and sensitivity of the skin pathergy test performed with blunt and sharp needles in patients with Behçet9s disease. METHODS--The skin pathergy test was performed using the simultaneous four needle prick method with blunt and sharp, thick and thin needles in 92 patients with Behçet9s disease, 64 healthy controls, and 128 patients without Behçet9s disease. The test was evaluated at 48 hours. RESULTS--No positive skin pathergy test was found in healthy controls and patients without Behçet9s disease. The frequency and intensity of the positive skin pathergy test with blunt needles were significantly higher than those with sharp needles. CONCLUSION--This study reconfirmed the specificity of a positive skin pathergy test for Behçet9s disease using blunt and sharp needles and showed a decreased sensitivity and intensity of the reaction with sharp needles.
Caspase-9 is required for normal hematopoietic development and protection from alkylator-induced DNA damage in mice
Authors: Elise Peterson Lu, Michael McLellan, Li Ding, Robert Fulton, Elaine R. Mardis, Richard K. Wilson, Christopher A. Miller, Peter Westervelt, John F. DiPersio, Daniel C. Link, Matthew J. Walter, Timothy J. Ley, Timothy A. Graubert
Journal: Blood (2014)
Declining Autopsy Rates and Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction-Reply
Authors: Harold Sexton
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In regard to Lawrence K. Altman's interesting speculation and question, we have not done the alternative study, namely, to determine how frequently the diagnosis of myocardial infarction is made but not confirmed by autopsy. In autopsied cases, records can be retrieved only by use of the corrected diagnosis as established by the autopsy; the determination of antemortem diagnoses would require a careful study of the records of all patients whose autopsy diagnosis was not acute myocardial infarction—a much more time-consuming process than the published study and one that has not been done. It is purely impression, but we suspect that the number of incorrect diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction would certainly equal the number of cases in which actual myocardial infarction was missed; hence, the two errors could counterbalance one another and the changing autopsy percentages could be expected to have little effect on changing rates of cardiovascular
Why this abortion ban is a threat to women's health
Authors: Marvin Buehner
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I n the spring of this year the legislature of US state South Dakota passed, and the governor signed, House Bill 1215, which bans virtually all abortions in the state except for circumstances in which the procedure is necessary to “prevent the death of the mother.” South Dakota had already enacted some of the most restrictive abortion statutes in the nation, and has the second fewest abortions in the US. However, obstetricians in this rural state now face felony indictment for the termination of any pregnancy in which maternal death is not clearly averted by its performance.

I am an obstetrician and gynaecologist who has practised in Rapid City in western South Dakota since 1993. Even then elective abortions were performed only in a single Planned Parenthood clinic in Sioux Falls on the far eastern end of this 400 mile long state. This is not only because of legislative restriction, but also the continuous …
INCIDENCE OF BROMIDE INTOXICATION AMONG PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: CARL P. WAGNER
Journal: JAMA (1930)

For some time we have been impressed by the number of patients admitted to the Colorado Psychopathic Hospital showing symptoms of a frank delirium, or patients suffering from some major psychosis with evidence of toxic components. In some cases the source of the toxin could not be determined, but in others, either at the time of admission or after their recovery, we were able to obtain a history that they had taken large quantities of bromides or some other sedative. Frequently in the literature attention has been called to the fact that patients develop a toxic delirium following the long continued or excessive dosage of bromides. A thorough review of the literature on this subject has recently been given by Dr. Oscar Diethelm.<sup>1</sup>One writer<sup>2</sup>reports bromide intoxication in an entire family consisting of five adults, two small children and one nursing child, when sodium bromide was accidentally
Hydrogen sulfide interacts with nitric oxide in the heart: possible involvement of nitroxyl
Authors: Q.-C. Yong, L.-F. Hu, S. Wang, D. Huang, J.-S. Bian
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

The present study aims to investigate the interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the two important gaseous mediators in rat hearts. Intracellular calcium in isolated cardiomyocytes was measured with a spectrofluorometric method using Fura-2. Myocyte contractility was measured with a video edge system. NaHS (50 µM, an H2S donor) had no significant effect on the resting calcium level, electrically induced (EI) calcium transients, and cell contractility in ventricular myocytes. Stimulating endogenous NO production with l-arginine or exogenous application of NO donors [sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide] decreased myocyte twitch amplitudes accompanied by slower velocities of both cell contraction and relaxation. Surprisingly, NaHS reversed the negative inotropic and lusitropic effects of the above three NO-increasing agents. In addition, the mixture of SNP + NaHS increased, whereas SNP alone decreased, the resting calcium level and the amplitudes of EI calcium transients. Angeli's salt, a nitroxyl anion (HNO) donor, mimicked the effect of SNP + NaHS on calcium handling and myocyte contractility. Three thiols, N-acetyl-cysteine, l-cysteine, and glutathione, abolished the effects of HNO and SNP + NaHS on myocyte contraction. Neither Rp-cAMP [a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor] nor Rp-cGMP [a protein kinase G (PKG) inhibitor] affected the effects of SNP + NaHS, suggesting a cAMP/PKA- or cGMP/PKG-independent mechanism. H2S may interact with NO to form a thiol sensitive molecule (probably HNO) which produces positive inotropic and lusitropic effects. Our findings may shed light on the interaction of NO and H2S and provide new clues to treat cardiovascular diseases.