tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Oxygen in High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Inder S. Anand, B. A. K. Prasad, Sumeet S. Chugh, K. R. M. Rao, David N. Cornfield, Carlos E. Milla, Navneet Singh, Surjit Singh, William Selvamurthy
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is characterized by pulmonary hypertension, increased pulmonary capillary permeability, and hypoxemia. Treatment is limited to descent to lower altitude and administration of oxygen. Methods and Results —We studied the acute effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO), 50% oxygen, and a mixture of NO plus 50% oxygen on hemodynamics and gas exchange in 14 patients with HAPE. Each gas mixture was given in random order for 30 minutes followed by 30 minutes washout with room air. All patients had severe HAPE as judged by Lake Louise score (6.4±0.7), Pa o 2 (35±3.1 mm Hg), and alveolar to arterial oxygen tension difference (AaD o 2 ) (26±3 mm Hg). NO had a selective effect on the pulmonary vasculature and did not alter systemic hemodynamics. Compared with room air, pulmonary vascular resistance fell 36% with NO ( P &lt;0.001), 23% with oxygen ( P &lt;0.001 versus air, P &lt;0.05 versus NO alone), and 54% with NO plus 50% oxygen ( P &lt;0.001 versus air, P &lt;0.005 versus oxygen and versus NO). NO alone improved Pa o 2 (+14%) and AaD o 2 (−31%). Compared with 50% oxygen alone, NO plus 50% oxygen had a greater effect on AaD o 2 (−18%) and Pa o 2 (+21%). Conclusions —Inhaled NO may have a therapeutic role in the management of HAPE. The combined use of inhaled NO and oxygen has additive effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and even greater effects on gas exchange. These findings indicate that oxygen and NO may act on separate but interactive mechanisms in the pulmonary vasculature.
719 A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT PATTERNS IN GERMANY, POLAND, ROMANIA AND TURKEY
Authors: B. Lescrauwaet, S. Gwed, D. Ponsonnet, V. Arama, H. Leblebicioglu, K. Simon, J.-P. Zarski, S. Zeuzem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
The Nurse's Guide to Writing for Publication
Authors: Elizabeth Pease
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Physicians interested in writing and being published might find this book a pleasant surprise. Although targeted for nurses, Mirin's guide offers important information to physicians as well. By reading the first 75 pages, physicians can gain a wealth of knowledge about the many steps involved in having an article published: choosing a journal, writing more clearly, preparing a manuscript for publication, handling illustrations, and obtaining copyright permission. Moreover, this guide informs readers of some of the ins and outs of the editorial process: peer review, reasons why manuscripts most often are rejected, and the processing of manuscripts once accepted. Additionally, Mirin's book contains a section on copyright law that outlines an author's rights and explains how the transfer of copyright ownership occurs. While the book's first appendix might not be of particular interest to physicians (a listing of nursing journals that offer publishing opportunities), the second appendix should be of
Cell membrane-binding properties of group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid.
Authors: I Ofek, E H Beachey, W Jefferson, G L Campbell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was extracted from group A streptococci, previously treated with hot HCl, by the phenol method. The extracted LTA was loaded on an isoelectric (IE) focusing column and two fractions were collected; one at pH 4.65 and the other at pH 2.95. Chemical analysis demonstrated that the unfractionated LTA contained alanine and glycerolphosphate at molar ratio of 1:10, and ester-linked lipids, but no detectable sugars or amino-sugars. The two IE fractions contained lipids but lacked alanine. The LTA and its IE fractions spontaneously adsorbed to human erythrocytes (sensitization) causing them to agglutinate in the presence of rabbit anti-LTA. The RBC-sensitizing and antigenic activities of IE fractions were equal to, or greater (for IE fraction at pH 4.65) than the unfractionated LTA, indicating that alanine is not involved in the sensitizing activity of LTA. Mild ammonia-hydrolysis abolished the RBC-sensitizing activity of LTA and its IE fractions. Chloroform-methanol-soluble material of the ammonia-hydrolysate lacked antigenic activity but blocked sensitization of erythrocytes by LTA. The water-soluble material of the hydrolyzed LTA retained antigenic activity, was not able to block sensitization by LTA, and its sensitizing activity was restored after esterification with fatty acids. These experiments indicate that ester-linked fatty acids (palmitic acid being the major one) are involved in the spontaneous adsorption of LTA to erythrocytes. The LTA, its lipid moiety, and anti-LTA blocked adherence of group A streptococci to human epithelial cells, suggesting that small amounts of LTA may reside on the streptococcal surface to mediate attachment and colonization of these organisms on mucosal surfaces in vivo.
Friedewald-Estimated Versus Directly Measured Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Treatment Implications
Authors: Seth S. Martin, Michael J. Blaha, Mohamed B. Elshazly, Eliot A. Brinton, Peter P. Toth, John W. McEvoy, Parag H. Joshi, Krishnaji R. Kulkarni, Patrick D. Mize, Peter O. Kwiterovich, Andrew P. DeFilippis, Roger S. Blumenthal, Steven R. Jones
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Severe Thrombocytopenia Due to Repaglinide in a Patient With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hisayuki Katsuyama, Chika Hiraishi, Yuki Hakoshima, Hidekatsu Yanai
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Repaglinide is an insulin secretagogue with a rapid onset and short duration of action. Several studies have proposed repaglinide to be a safe and effective treatment for patients, including elderly people with type 2 diabetes (1–3). Here we report a case subject with type 2 diabetes who showed severe thrombocytopenia due to repaglinide.

A 71-year-old man was referred and admitted to our hospital due to poor glycemic control in July 2012. His plasma glucose (350 mg/dL) and HbA1c (7.6%) levels were significantly elevated. The intensive insulin therapy promptly ameliorated his blood glucose, which was 91–151 mg/dL, by using 6 and 8 units of insulin glulisine before …
Iron and the liver: acute effects of iron-loading on hepatic heme synthesis of rats. Role of decreased activity of 5-aminolevulinate dehydrase.
Authors: H L Bonkowsky, J F Healey, P R Sinclair, J F Sinclair, S I Shedlofsky, G H Elder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Acute iron loading of rats, by intraperitoneal administration of iron-dextran (500 mg Fe/kg body wt 18-20 h before killing) decreased by 30% the rate of conversion of 5-amino-[14C]levulinate ([14C]ALA) into heme as measured with a recently described procedure for liver homogenates (1981. Biochem. J. 198: 595-604). The decrease in conversion of labeled ALA into heme caused by iron loading was shown to be due to a 70-80% decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase. The decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase caused by iron loading was not associated with a decrease in hepatic concentrations of GSH, nor could it be reversed by addition of dithiothreitol, Zn2+ or chelators of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Addition of FeSO4, ferric citrate, or ferritin to homogenates of control liver had no effect of activity of ALA dehydrase. The decrease in activity of ALA dehydrase, caused by iron-dextran, was mirrored by a reciprocal increase in ALA synthase. Iron-dextran potentiated the induction of ALA synthase by allylisopropylacetamide. However, this potentiation could be dissociated from the decrease in ALA dehydrase caused by iron loading.
Diastolic abnormalities in systemic sclerosis: evidence for associated defective cardiac functional reserve.
Authors: G Valentini, D F Vitale, A Giunta, S Maione, G Gerundo, M Arnese, E Tirri, N Pelaggi, A Giacummo, G Tirri, M Condorelli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

To investigate the pattern of diastolic abnormalities in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and the relationship between impaired ventricular filling and systolic function.Twenty four patients with SSc underwent M-mode and two dimensional echocardiography using echo-Doppler and gated blood pool cardiac angiography, both at rest and after exercise.An impaired diastolic relaxation of the left ventricle was detected in 10 of the 24 patients with SSc. Left ventricular ejection fraction at rest in these 10 patients with impaired ventricular filling did not differ from that in the remaining 14 patients, but eight of the 10 failed to increase their ejection fraction during exercise, compared with two of the 14 with normal ventricular filling (p = 0.003).Impaired relaxation of the left ventricle is a recently described feature of scleroderma heart disease. Diastolic dysfunction in SSc could depend on myocardial fibrosis or myocardial ischaemia, or both. It was found to be associated with a defective cardiac functional reserve. However, its prognostic significance remains to be clarified.
Determinants of tubular bone marrow-derived cell engraftment after renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats
Authors: Martine Broekema, Martin C. Harmsen, Jasper A. Koerts, Arjen H. Petersen, Marja J.A. [an Luyn, Gerjan Navis, Eliane R. Popa
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
The Diagnostic Use of Clinical Findings
Authors: Stephen G. Pauker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Any clinical finding must be interpreted within the context of all other information known about an individual patient: the proper interpretation of a new fact depends both on the likelihood of that finding in patients who have each diagnosis under consideration<i>and</i>on the likelihood of each diagnosis before the new fact was known. Thumbnail dominance, reported by Pittsley and Shearn, is a finding that can be used to illustrate this principle. Two assumptions must first be made about the data that the authors provide: (1) the individual physician will make the same classifications as the two observers involved in the experiment, ie, he will correctly classify 75%, he will misclassify 8%, and he will be equivocal in 17% of cases; (2) his ability to make these classifications does not depend on whether the patient is actually right-or left-handed. The physician must first estimate the likelihood of
The hidden epidemic
Authors: P Burney
Journal: BMJ (1994)

BBC1 Panorama: “Battling for Air” 14 February

“Britain's hidden epidemic - asthma. One child in seven already suffers, and the number is growing all the time. As doctors seek a cause, could the answer lie with the air we breathe?” Panorama's answer to this initial question was an unequivocal “yes,” and a lot else followed. The programme touched the increasing prevalence of asthma, the causes of asthma, the adequacy (or otherwise) of Britain's air quality monitoring, and - rather less enthusiastically - the methods and cost of controlling pollution. Much of the programme dealt with the personal stories of …
The history of dermatology in Belgium
Authors: JEAN PIERARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Journal Article The history of dermatology in Belgium Get access JEAN PIÉRARD JEAN PIÉRARD Avenue de Broqueville 127, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 100, Issue 4, 1 April 1979, Pages 459–471, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1979.tb01651.x Published: 01 April 1979
Cardiovascular Mortality in Women With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With or Without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment
Authors: Francisco Campos-Rodriguez, Miguel A. Martinez-Garcia
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters5 June 2012Cardiovascular Mortality in Women With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With or Without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure TreatmentFrancisco Campos-Rodriguez, MD and Miguel A. Martinez-Garcia, MDFrancisco Campos-Rodriguez, MDFrom Valme Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain, and La Fe Hospital, 46006 Valencia, Spain.Search for more papers by this author and Miguel A. Martinez-Garcia, MDFrom Valme Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain, and La Fe Hospital, 46006 Valencia, Spain.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-11-201206050-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Finucane for his comments. He contends that analyzing patient subgroups on the basis of adherence can lead to misleading results. He also wonders how many patients in the untreated group had not been prescribed CPAP and how many were noncompliant.We agree that the observational design might introduce selection bias because inadequate CPAP compliance could be a marker for generally nonadherent behavior, and it was acknowledged as one of the most important limitations of our study. Nevertheless, it cannot be taken for granted that all women who were nonadherent to CPAP were noncompliant with other ...References1. Villar I, Izuel M, Carrizo S, Vicente E, Marin JM. Medication adherence and persistence in severe obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep. 2009;32:623-8. [PMID: 19480229] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Grupo Español de Sueño (GES). Consenso nacional sobre el síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño. Arch Bronconeumol. 2005;41:1-100. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Francisco Campos-Rodriguez, MD; Miguel A. Martinez-Garcia, MDAffiliations: From Valme Hospital, 41014 Seville, Spain, and La Fe Hospital, 46006 Valencia, Spain.Disclosures: None disclosed. Forms can also be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-1208. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCardiovascular Mortality in Women With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With or Without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment Francisco Campos-Rodriguez , Miguel A. Martinez-Garcia , Ines de la Cruz-Moron , Carmen Almeida-Gonzalez , Pablo Catalan-Serra , and Josep M. Montserrat Cardiovascular Mortality in Women With Obstructive Sleep Apnea With or Without Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment Thomas E. Finucane Metrics 5 June 2012Volume 156, Issue 11Page: 838KeywordsBehaviorCardiovascular therapyConflicts of interestContinuous positive airway pressureMortalityObstructive sleep apneaPatientsSleep apneaTreatment guidelines ePublished: 5 June 2012 Issue Published: 5 June 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
VITALLIUM SKULL PLATES
Authors: FRED W. GEIB
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Defects of cranial bone are not uncommon. All sorts of materials have been used in attempts to close these defects during the past four centuries. Animal bone,<sup>1</sup>celluloid,<sup>2</sup>aluminum,<sup>3</sup>gold,<sup>4</sup>silver,<sup>5</sup>platinum,<sup>6</sup>autogenic<sup>7</sup>and heterogenic<sup>7</sup>bone grafts, cartilage,<sup>8</sup>sliding grafts of cranial bone,<sup>9</sup>decalcified bone,<sup>10</sup>buttons of bone<sup>11</sup>and chips of bone<sup>12</sup>have been used. There has been a great variation of opinion concerning the use of these materials. Most of the materials caused a reaction as to a foreign body and sloughed out or had to be removed. This is particularly true of all the materials except autogenic bone grafts. Because of this reaction all operations involving metal plates had been discarded. Grant and Norcross<sup>13</sup>have made an exhaustive search of the literature on this subject and have described all the known methods of cranioplasty
Extended Deep Femoral Angioplasty
Authors: R. Berguer, L. T. Cotton, S. Sabri
Journal: BMJ (1973)

At present reconstructive arterial surgery for atherosclerotic disease below the level of the inguinal ligament is restricted to femoropopliteal bypass grafts. We have found a new operation, which we call extended deep femoral angioplasty, to be effective not only in some cases where bypass is possible but also in many cases where it is impossible because of a poor run-off, lack of a suitable vein, or even when a bypass has failed. In a consecutively treated group of 34 patients operative reconstruction was limited to the deep femoral artery and a success rate of 65% was achieved. Most gratifying was the saving of a leg in eight patients in whom bypass was impossible.
Heme oxygenase-1 and carbon monoxide regulate intestinal homeostasis and mucosal immune responses to the enteric microbiota
Authors: Joseph C Onyiah, Shehzad Z Sheikh, Nitsan Maharshak, Leo E Otterbein, Scott E Plevy
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its enzymatic by-product carbon monoxide (CO) have emerged as important regulators of acute and chronic inflammation. Mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory effects are only partially understood. In this addendum, we summarize current understanding of the role of the HO-1/CO pathway in regulation of intestinal inflammation with a focus on innate immune function. In particular, we highlight our recent findings that HO-1 and CO ameliorate intestinal inflammation through promotion of bacterial clearance. Our work and that of many others support further investigation of this global homeostatic pathway in the human inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).
Gene transfer into respiratory epithelial cells by targeting the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor.
Authors: T Ferkol, C S Kaetzel, P B Davis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

A system for targeting foreign DNA to epithelial cells in vitro has been developed by exploiting receptor-mediated endocytosis. The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor transports dimeric immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M through epithelial cells, including those of the respiratory tract, by binding the immunoglobulins at the basolateral surface and transporting them across the cell. Fab fragments of antibodies directed against the extracellular portion of the receptor, secretory component, are similarly transported. Anti-human secretory component Fab fragments were covalently linked to a polycation, and complexed to various expression plasmids. When bound to an expression plasmid containing the Escherichia coli lacZ gene ligated to the Rous sarcoma virus promoter, the complexes transfected HT29.74 human colon carcinoma cells induced to express polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, but not those lacking the receptor. Primary cultures of human tracheal epithelial cells grown on collagen gels, which induce the expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, were also transfected with the complexes. From 5 to 66% of the respiratory epithelial cells had beta-galactosidase activity after treatment, comparable to the percentage of cultured human tracheal epithelial cells that express polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (8-35%). The addition of excess human secretory component (Fab ligand) to the culture medium at the time of transfection blocked the delivery of DNA. The expression plasmid, either alone, complexed to the polycation, or complexed to a carrier based on an irrelevant Fab fragment, was not effective in transfecting either cell type. This DNA carrier system introduces DNA specifically into epithelial cells that contain pIgR in vitro.
Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Peter Collignon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters20 July 1999Risk Factors for Infective EndocarditisMichael Jacobson, MD, MPHMichael Jacobson, MD, MPHLenox Hill Hospital; New York, NY 10021 (Jacobson)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-2-199907200-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In a case–control study of patients with endocarditis (1), Strom and colleagues found no increase in dental procedures within 3 months before the onset of endocarditis compared with controls. They conclude that dental procedures are not a significant risk factor for infective endocarditis.The case-patients were drawn from a community-based population subject to conventional antibiotic prophylaxis before dental work. Although the authors state that "few patients received antibiotic prophylaxis," in fact 27 of 35 case-patients and controls with known cardiac valvular abnormalities did receive such prophylaxis before dental work.If dental prophylaxis is indeed effective, one would ...Reference1. Strom BL, Abrutyn E, Berlin JA, Kinman JL, Feldman RS, Stolley PD, et al . Dental and cardiac risk factors for infective endocarditis. A population-based, case–control study. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:761-9. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Lenox Hill Hospital; New York, NY 10021 (Jacobson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDental and Cardiac Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis: A Population-Based, Case-Control Study Brian L. Strom , Elias Abrutyn , Jesse A. Berlin , Judith L. Kinman , Roy S. Feldman , Paul D. Stolley , Matthew E. Levison , Oksana M. Korzeniowski , and Donald Kaye Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis R. Paul Adams Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis Peter Collignon Risk Factors for Infective Endocarditis Brian L. Strom , Judith L. Kinman , and Elias Abrutyn Metrics 20 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 2Page: 154KeywordsAntibiotic prophylaxisEndocarditisMedical risk factorsProphylaxis Issue Published: 20 July 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Implantation of a Cardioverter/ Defibrillator Without Thoracotomy Using a Triple Electrode System
Authors: Sanjeev Saksena
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This article describes the implantation of an automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator in a 69-year-old man with coronary artery disease and recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia without the need for a thoracotomy/sternotomy and epicardial electrodes. The patient underwent serial electrophysiological evaluation that revealed drug-refractory ventricular tachycardia. Surgical ablation was considered and rejected due to advanced, severe, pulmonary disease. A triple electrode system using two transvenous catheter electrodes and a submuscular patch electrode in the left midaxillary line was employed. A single shock was delivered simultaneously over two spatially distinct current pathways and reproducibly defibrillated ventricular fibrillation with energies less than or equal to 10 J. The automatic implantable cardioverter/defibrillator was implanted in the anterior abdominal wall and demonstrated reproducible termination of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation.
Dwight Locke Wolbur, MD,MS
Authors: Richard S. Wilbur
Journal: JAMA (1997)

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