tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Study Finds Breastfeeding Not Protective Against Development of Allergies, Asthma
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

able gowns to limiting surplus supplies in operating rooms. To accelerate efforts, Kaiser Permanente and other health care organizations, architectural and engineering firms, academia, industry, nonprofit groups, and governmental organizations are embarking on a program called Healthcare’s Global Health and Safety Initiative. The goals of this effort include establishing open source sharing of best practices that improve patient, workplace, and environmental health and safety; guidelines for group purchasing to transform the market and lead to safer and more environmentally sensitive products at competitive prices; and research to document benefits and cost-effectiveness of various interventions. While environmental experts would like to see even greater involvement from the health care community, they are encouraged by the various incremental steps that are being made on many fronts. “We really think the health care industry is at a tipping point,” said Hall.
Right Coronary Perforation Due to a Toothpick Ingested at a Barbecue
Authors: Sandro Gelsomino, Stefano Romagnoli, Pierliugi Stefàno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: Ingested toothpicks have often been reported as the cause of gastrointestinal injuries,1 and in one case a toothpick migrated into the pericardium, resulting in constrictive pericarditis.2 We report an unusual case of cardiac tamponade due to an ingested toothpick. A 67-year-old woman with no pertinent medical history presented to the emergency department with chest pain and signs of cardiac tamponade (muffled heart sounds, low blood pressure, and vasoconstriction). The electrocardiogram showed Q waves in leads II, III, and aVF. The creatine kinase concentration was 736 U per liter (normal reference range, 20 to 160 U per liter), . . .
Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: Recurrence After Transplantation
Authors: LEOPOLDO RAIJ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Recurrence of the idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation is reported. The morphologic characteristics of the transplanted kidney, as shown by light and immunofluorescent microscopy, were identical to those seen in the original diseased kidney. In contrast to previous reports, there was no evidence in this case that the nephrotic syndrome was secondary to antiglomerular basement antibody, immune complex glomerulonephritis, or chronic homograft rejection.
Pulmonary regurgitation in the late postoperative follow-up of tetralogy of Fallot. Volumetric quantitation by nuclear magnetic resonance velocity mapping.
Authors: S A Rebergen, J G Chin, J Ottenkamp, E E van der Wall, A de Roos
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Pulmonary regurgitation frequently occurs after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot. To date, reliable quantitation of pulmonary regurgitation has not been possible, and therefore the clinical significance of pulmonary regurgitation is controversial. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) velocity mapping allows accurate measurement of volumetric flow. The feasibility and accuracy of NMR velocity mapping to quantify pulmonary regurgitation volumes are studied in patients after Fallot repair.In 18 patients (mean age, 16.5 +/- 6.5 years), late (12.6 +/- 5.2 years) after Fallot surgery, forward and regurgitant volume flow was measured in the main pulmonary artery with NMR velocity mapping. To validate the measurements of pulmonary forward flow, right ventricular stroke volume was used as an internal reference standard. Pulmonary regurgitation volumes were compared with the differences between the corresponding right and left ventricular stroke volumes. Ventricular volumes were measured with a multisection gradient echo NMR method. In addition, the relation between pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular volumes was studied. Measurements of pulmonary regurgitation volume with NMR velocity mapping closely corresponded with the tomographically determined volumes (r = .93). Forward pulmonary volume flow was nearly identical to right ventricular stroke volume (r = .98). Pulmonary regurgitation volume was significantly correlated with end-diastolic volume (r = .82, P < .0005), end-systolic volume (r = .63, P < .01), and stroke volume (r = .89, P < .0005) of the right ventricular but not with right ventricular ejection fraction (r = .41, P = NS).NMR velocity mapping is an accurate method for the noninvasive, volumetric quantification of pulmonary regurgitation after surgical correction of tetralogy of Fallot.
Chk1 regulates the S phase checkpoint by coupling the physiological turnover and ionizing radiation-induced accelerated proteolysis of Cdc25A
Authors: Claus Storgaard Sørensen, Randi G. Syljuåsen, Jacob Falck, Tine Schroeder, Lars Rönnstrand, Kum Kum Khanna, Bin-Bing Zhou, Jiri Bartek, Jiri Lukas
Journal: Cancer Cell (2003)
Determining the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams
Authors: P. Demoly, A. Romano, C. Botelho, L. Bousquet‐Rouanet, F. Gaeta, R. Silva, G. Rumi, J. Rodrigues Cernadas, P. J. Bousquet
Journal: Allergy (2009)

To cite this article: Demoly P, Romano A, Botelho C, Bousquet‐Rouanet L, Gaeta F, Silva R, Rumi G, Rodrigues Cernadas J, Bousquet PJ. Determining the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams. Allergy 2010; 65 : 327–332. Abstract Background: The beta‐lactam allergic work‐up is mostly standardized. However, the negative predictive value of drug provocation tests is not yet well established. Method: A historical‐prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted in four centres (one in France, one in Portugal, two in Italy) to assess the negative predictive value of provocation tests with beta‐lactams in patients initially tested for a suspicion of drug allergy/hypersensitivity. Patients were contacted at least 6 months after the work‐up, between 2003 and 2007. A new allergic work‐up was proposed to reacting patients. Results: Among the 457 patients included, 365 (79.9%) were followed up (159 [79.1%] from France, 153 [82.7%] from Italy and 53 [74.6%] from Portugal). Only 118 (25.8%) were re‐exposed to the negatively tested beta‐lactam. Nine (7.6%) reported a non‐immediate (occurring more than 1 h after drug administration) reaction: five urticaria, three exanthema and one undefined cutaneous reaction. None were severe. Only four accepted a re‐challenge, negative in two cases and positive in the two others. The negative predictive value was 94.1% (89.8–98.3) (111 out of 118 patients). Conclusion: Although the negative predictive value of drug provocation tests may not be 100%, none of the false negative patients experienced a life‐threatening reaction. This should reassure doctors who might hesitate to prescribe beta‐lactams, even in patients with negative allergic work‐ups.
Re: Response of a KIT-Positive Extra-abdominal Fibromatosis to Imatinib Mesylate and KIT Genetic Analysis
Authors: Elena Tamborini, Tiziana Negri, Francesca Miselli, M. Stefania Lagonigro, Sabrina Pricl, Silvana Pilotti
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2006)

We read with interest the correspondence by Goncalves et al. ( 1 ) because we have found the M541L KIT receptor mutation, in which the methionine at position 541 was replaced with a leucine, in many tumoral histotypes and healthy tissues. We have identifi ed the A → C substitution in position 1621 of the c-Kit gene (National Center for Biotechnology Information accession number X06182 ) in three of 13 small-cell lung cancer specimens, six of 22 gastrointestinal stromal tumor specimens, and 11 of 31 chordoma specimens examined, as well as in one of seven normal lung specimens, one of four liver specimens, one of fi ve skin specimens, one of fi ve intestinal mucosa specimens, and one of two parotid gland tissue specimens. We used site-directed mutagenesis to introduce the M541L substitution into a wild-type KIT-expressing vector and then used this vector to transiently transfect COS1 cells (monkey kidney fi broblasts, provided by American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA) so that we could assess whether this mutation played role in KIT activation. Because immunoprecipitation and western blot experiments with total cell extracts and an anti-phosphorylated tyrosine antibody showed that the M541L KIT receptor was phosphorylated to a lower level than that of the positive control (KIT/ Δ 559) ( Fig. 1, A ), we concluded that the mutation is not activating. We also found that imatinib had no effect on the KIT phosphorylation status of the transfected cells. These functional data were confi rmed by molecular dynamic simulations in volving our homology models of wildtype and M541L-mutated KIT in the active and inactive conformation ( Fig. 1, B and C ), which showed that residue 541 is located in the fi nal part of the transmembrane helix, far from the imatinibbinding site. The corresponding side chains of the wild-type and mutant proteins are not involved in any im portant stabilizing interaction and point toward the solvent. Furthermore, the con servative methionine → leucine sub stitution did not lead to appreciable variation in the free-energy difference between the wildtype and M541L-mutant KITs or to an increase or decrease in the affi nity of the receptors for ATP or imatinib. Our experimental results and the frequency of the mutation in tumoral and normal tissues indicate that the M541L substitution is a polymorphism in the c-Kit gene, as previously demonstrated ( 2 , 3 ) . For these reasons, we suggest that the sensitivity of fi bromatosis to imatinib requires another explanation. Finally, it is worth mentioning that, because c-Kit exon 10 is not a mutation hot spot and, therefore, is not routinely screened, the frequency of this substitution is certainly underestimated.
Novel retinoid-related molecules as apoptosis inducers and effectve inhibitors of human lung cancer cells in vivo
Authors: Xian-Ping Lu, Andrea Fanjul, Nathalie Picard, Michaela Pfahl, Deepa Rungta, Karen Nared Hood, Bruce Carter, Javier Piedrafita, Shiping Tang, Eric Fabbrizio, Magnus Pfahl
Journal: Nature Medicine (1997)
Computed tomography and pulmonary function abnormalities in sickle cell disease
Authors: K. P. Sylvester, S. R. Desai, A. U. Wells, D. M. Hansell, M. Awogbade, S. L. Thein, A. Greenough
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) in steady state had pulmonary abnormalities seen on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and whether any abnormalities correlated with contemporaneously diagnosed lung function abnormalities. A subsidiary question was whether the results of a noninvasive measure of haemolysis (end-tidal carbon monoxide (ETCO) levels) correlated with pulmonary function abnormalities. Thirty three patients with SCD, median (range) age 36 yrs (17-67 yrs) were examined. The degree of lobar volume loss and ground-glass opacification and prominence of central vessels on HRCT were quantitatively assessed. Pulmonary function was assessed by measurements of lung volumes, spirometry, gas transfer and oxygen saturation. ETCO levels were measured using an end-tidal CO monitor. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity and total lung capacity significantly correlated with HRCT findings, particularly lobar volume loss. ETCO levels significantly negatively correlated with FEV1, vital capacity measured using a plethysmograph, specific airway conductance and arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oxymetry. In conclusion, the present results suggest that high-resolution computed tomography noninvasive assessment of haemolysis might be useful to identify sickle cell disease patients with respiratory function impairment.
Cancer—A Theory
Authors: Clifford R. Myre
Journal: JAMA (1960)

WOLLMAN,<sup>1</sup>of Paris, commenting on his experience in bacterial genetics, believes that there is a group of bacterial agents which may well be models for the type of viruses that could be carcinogenic. These agents are infective under some conditions and mutagenic under others. Lysogenic bacteria can produce viruses even without coming into contact with outside viruses. In their infective state the produced viruses, known as temperate bacteriophages, are able to infect sensitive bacteria and then to foster production of new virus particles in accord with traditional virus mechanism. But the temperate bacteriophages also have a noninfective prophage state. Prophages, occupying specific sites on the chromosomes, are integrated with the genetic apparatus of the bacteria so that, in effect, they can produce mutations. Perhaps, the French investigator suggests, this situation is analogous to the mode of action of carcinogenic viruses, capable in one form of causing disease by
Lung carcinoma after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: R A Matthay, S K Zorn, M S Mitchell, R J Papac
Journal: Thorax (1977)

Two patients, aged 29 and 40, with nodular sclerosing Hodgkin9s disease, in complete remission for four and six years respectively after intensive radiotherapy and combination chemotherapy, developed carcinoma of the lung in the previous radiation port. Although radiotherapy and chemotherapy can eradicate Hodgkin9s disease involving the thorax, this treatment may be associated with the development of a secondary pulmonary malignancy, particularly in a previous radiation port, and several years may elapse before the new tumour becomes evident.
AN HEMATOCRIT METHOD
Authors: C. M. Van Allen
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The hematocrit is an instrument by which is determined the volumetric relationship between corpuscles and plasma in a specimen of blood. Separation of the two elements is brought about in the centrifuge by virtue of a difference in their specific gravities. The hematocrit method here described has proved satisfactory under extensive use in some experimental work. The technic is simple and is based on sound principles of operation; it requires a very small specimen of blood, whole or diluted, and employs the ordinary laboratory power centrifuge without special fittings. Because of the labor entailed in the elaboration and standardization of such an instrumental technic, a report of our instrument and the method of its use may be of value. A more detailed description will be given elsewhere, together with a study of the various technical factors which enter into the operation of the hematocrit and determine its reliability. <h3>INSTRUMENT</h3> The
The Risks and Benefits of HPV Vaccination
Authors: Charlotte Haug
Journal: JAMA (2009)

HEN DO PHYSICIANS KNOW ENOUGH ABOUT THE beneficial effects of a new medical interventiontostartrecommendingorusingit?When istheavailableinformationaboutharmfuladverse effects sufficient to conclude that the risks outweigh the potential benefits? If in doubt, should physicians err on the side of caution or on the side of hope? These questions are at the core of all medical decision making. It is a complicated process because medical knowledge is typically incomplete and ambiguous. It is especially complex to make decisions about whether to use drugs that may prevent disease in the future, particularly when these drugs are given to otherwise healthy individuals. Vaccines are examples of such drugs, and the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a case in point. zur Hausen, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2008, discovered that oncogenic HPV causes cervical cancer. 1-4 His discovery led to characterization of the natural history of HPV infection, an understanding of mechanisms of HPV-induced carcinogenesis, and eventuallytothedevelopmentofprophylacticvaccinesagainstHPV infection.
Effects on left ventricular hypertrophy of long-term nonpharmacological treatment with sodium restriction in mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.
Authors: A M Jula, H M Karanko
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Cross-sectional studies on human hypertension have suggested an association between sodium intake and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).The effects on LVH of a nonpharmacological treatment program based mainly on sodium restriction were examined by serial echocardiography in a 12-month controlled, randomized study that included 76 previously untreated subjects with uncomplicated mild-to-moderate hypertension. The mean daily sodium excretion of 38 subjects randomized into the treatment group decreased from 195 +/- 95 to 94 +/- 73 mmol (P < .001) at 6 months and to 109 +/- 74 mmol (P < .001) at 12 months. This was accompanied by a weight decrease from 81.4 +/- 18.0 to 79.2 +/- 17.4 kg (P < .001) at 6 months and to 80.6 +/- 17.5 kg (NS) at 12 months. The net blood pressure decrease (difference in change from baseline between the treatment and control groups) was 8.9 mm Hg (P < .001) in systolic blood pressure and 6.5 mm Hg (P < .001) in diastolic blood pressure during the first 6 months and 6.7 mm Hg (P < .01) in systolic blood pressure and 3.8 mm Hg (P < .01) in diastolic blood pressure during the last 6 months. After 12 months of sodium restriction, left ventricular mass (LVM) had decreased by 5.4% (from 238 +/- 63 to 225 +/- 51 g, P < .01), and LVM index (LVMI) had decreased by 4.7% (from 123 +/- 26 to 117 +/- 22 g/m2, P < .05), whereas no changes occurred in these parameters in the control group. In treated subjects with baseline LVMI of more than the median value of 133 g/m2 in men and 107 g/m2 in women, LVM decreased by 8.6% (from 272 +/- 62 to 249 +/- 51 g, P < .01), and LVMI decreased by 7.1% (from 140 +/- 23 to 130 +/- 22 g/m2, P < .01). LVM and LVMI remained unchanged in treated subjects with LVMI values equal to or less than the median.Our data suggest that long-term nonpharmacological treatment with moderate sodium restriction decreases LVH.
SERIAL OCT AND HISTOPATHOLOGY ANALYSIS FOLLOWING 1ST AND NEW GENERATION DRUG ELUTING STENTS IMPLANTATION IN SWINE CORONARY ARTERY
Authors: Hiranuma Noritoshi, Toshiro Shinke, Gaku Nakazawa, Hiromasa Otake, Matsumoto Daisuke, Takeshi Ijichi, Ohsue Tsuyoshi, Junya Shite, Ken-ichi Hirata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A PATIENT WHO CHANGED MY PRACTICE
Authors: H. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Many years ago a baby of about 18 months was admitted to hospital under my care having taken 10 of his mother's imipramine tablets prescribed for her depression at becoming pregnant against her wishes. This was before the days of child resistant containers. Imipramine was then a relatively new drug, and the baby had convulsions and cardiac irregularities, which are recognised side effects. I got the fits under control, but the cardiac irregularities were beyond me. My paediatric cardiology colleague and later an adult cardiologist came to help. But it was to no avail and the baby died after about 10 hours. He was the only child under my care who died from medicinal poisoning.

All …
Assessment of Patients with Chest Pain
Authors: Stephen Workman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters17 August 2004Assessment of Patients with Chest PainStephen Workman, MD, MSc, FRCPStephen Workman, MD, MSc, FRCPFrom Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2Y9, Canada.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-4-200408170-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Goldman and Kirtane (1) emphasized diagnosis and risk stratification but did not fully describe the importance of modifying a patient's prognosis. In my 10-year career I have seen 2 patients, both men in their 40s, who were sent home from the emergency department after suffering atypical chest pain. Both were given nitroglycerin pills and scheduled for an outpatient treadmill test. Neither was prescribed aspirin. One man died 3 days before the treadmill test, and the other had a massive anterior-wall MI.The quest for diagnostic and prognostic certainty is illusory. Physicians, whether they like to think about ...Reference1. Goldman L, Kirtane AJ. Triage of patients with acute chest pain and possible cardiac ischemia: the elusive search for diagnostic perfection. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:987-95. [PMID: 14678918] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 2Y9, Canada. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTriage of Patients with Acute Chest Pain and Possible Cardiac Ischemia: The Elusive Search for Diagnostic Perfection Lee Goldman and Ajay J. Kirtane Assessment of Patients with Chest Pain James R. Johnson Assessment of Patients with Chest Pain Lee Goldman and Ajay J. Kirtane Assessment of Patients with Chest Pain Brendan M. Reilly and Arthur T. Evans Metrics 17 August 2004Volume 141, Issue 4Page: 325KeywordsAdverse eventsAspirinEmergency departmentForecastingIschemiaOutpatientsRisk management ePublished: 17 August 2004 Issue Published: 17 August 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibiting Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 in Difficult-to-Control Asthma
Authors: Michael E. Wechsler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

One of the most challenging aspects of the clinical management of asthma is determining how to treat patients whose condition is poorly controlled despite the use of inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs). Although most patients have a response to these treatments, it is estimated that asthma remains poorly controlled in as many as 20% of patients who use combination therapy.1 Mainstays of the management of difficult-to-control asthma include increased adherence to treatment, avoidance of allergens and other exacerbating factors, and control of common coexisting conditions such as gastrointestinal reflux, postnasal drip, and sinusitis. Other adjuvant therapies currently available include . . .