tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Let's Be Honest About the Pill!
Authors: John Rock
Journal: JAMA (1965)

For too long now, articles and reports have been scattered through the nonmedical press with one obvious purpose: to dissuade all parents, even those who need the help which the pill offers, not only for contraceptive purposes, but also for prevention of feared miscarriage, from trusting it. It therefore seems highly desirable that the effect and the mode of action of these gestagens be clearly understood.  The dissuaders employ two tactics. One aims to confound people with regard to the moral aspects of pill therapy. This method consists in publicizing fond but false theories concerning the major biological action of the pill that makes it a dependable contraceptive. Particularly, the pill's suppression of ovulation is questioned. Also, speculations are bruited that the desired effect is attributable either to a modification of the cervical mucus which prevents the entrance of spermatozoa into the uterus, or to changes in the endometrium which
TCT-345 Distribution of Excessive Expansive Remodeling and Low Endothelial Shear Stress in the Long Axis of Human Coronary Plaque and Their Combined Effects on the Natural History of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Antonios Antoniadis, Michail I. Papafaklis, Saeko Takahashi, Masaya Tsuda, Koki Shishido, Yiannis S. Chatzizisis, Ioannis Andreou, Yasuhiro Makita, Takenori Domei, Ahmet U. Coskun, Shigeru Nakamura, Shigeru Saito, Charles Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Colonoscope incarceration in an inguinal hernia
Authors: C. Fan, M. Soon
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 73-year-old man who presented with symptoms of abdominal cramping and bloody stool passage underwent colonoscopy. After sedation, the procedure was carried out without difficulty, until at approximately 60 cm, the colonoscope could not be advanced, although the lumen was clearly visible. Attempts to withdraw the scope failed and resulted in significant lower abdominal pain, as well as resistance to retrograde withdrawal. The patient was moved to the fluoroscopy room. Under fluoroscopy, a loop of colonoscope was seen in the left inguinal hernia (Figure [1]). On examining the inguinal hernia sac, it was clear that the colonoscope was incarcerated within the hernia sac. The colonoscope could not be withdrawn directly while the loop of the scope within the hernia sac was in U-shape. But after forming an alpha loop in the hernia sac, by pushing and rotating the scope combined with careful withdrawal by gentle traction, the loop could be easily pushed into the abdominal cavity from the scrotum. Thus, we successfully reduced the incarcerated hernia.
PARAPLEGIA (MEGALOCYTIC) CURED BY HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Authors: F. C. Eve
Journal: BMJ (1927)

Tim RS 323 epiphyseal line is seen to be of primary importance.They are to be used as osseous ligaments, and should retain sites of implantation corresponding w-ith ligamentoiis attach- iinents.In the neighbourhood of growing epiphyses due regard must be paid to the laws of gr-owth.This case imiay therefore be looked upon as an instance of the extraneous fixation.ofthe epiphysis to the diaphysis (by a graft), which the late Sir Williamii Macewen showved would interfere with or prevent lnormiial linear growth.
Is it timing after all?
Authors: Sonja A. Kotz, D. Yves von Cramon
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Even though there is ample evidence from the sentence- comprehension literature for specialized working memory systems in normal and patient populations, some open questions remain. One of them is an explanation for a missing “post-interpretive” processing deficit in a variety of accuracy-judgment tasks in an aphasic patient with a severe verbal working memory problem.
Increased PMA-induced chemiluminescence from whole blood of patients with bronchial hyperreactivity
Authors: S Nordman, P Nyberg, L Linko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Blood phagocytes from patients with asthma have an increased capacity to produce reactive oxygen metabolites. We studied whether whole blood luminol-dependent chemiluminescence could detect this phenomenon in patients with a normal spirometry but bronchial hyperreactivity as determined with a methacholine bronchial challenge test. Whole blood chemiluminescence, serum eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), and serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined from 50 patients referred for a methacholine challenge due to prolonged cough and/or dyspnoea. The chemiluminescence results were compared to those from 15 healthy persons. The hyperreactive patients (n = 18) had significantly higher phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced whole blood chemiluminescence values (mean 18.8 mV.min-1; 95% confidence limits (C.L.) 16.3-21.3 mV.min-1) than the normoreactive patients (mean 14.2 mV.min-1; 95% C.L. 13.0-15.5 mV.min-1;) and the healthy controls (mean 12.8 mV.min-1; 95% C.L. 11.7-13.9 mV.min-1). There was no significant difference in PMA-induced chemiluminescence between the normoreactive patients and the controls. The hyperreactive patients had higher serum ECP values than the normoreactive patients, but there was no correlation between whole blood chemiluminescence and serum ECP levels or total eosinophil count. There was no significant difference in monocyte reactive oxygen metabolite production or serum MPO values between the normoreactive and the hyperreactive patients. We suggest that the increased PMA-induced whole blood chemiluminescence in bronchial hyperreactivity is due mainly to an activation of neutrophils, and that the assay might be useful as a systemic inflammatory marker in patients with pulmonary inflammatory processes resulting in bronchial hyperreactivity.
Rectosacral distance and rectal size in ulcerative colitis.
Authors: M J Farthing, J E Lennard-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1977)

globin estimations; and glucose tolerantce were all normal.There were no urinary porphyrins or porphobilinogen.Rectal biopsy showed no amyloid.Viral serology and antinuclear factor, Rose-Waaler, and VDRL slide tests gave negative results.The cerebrospinal fluid was sterile, with no leucocytes and a protein concentration of 0 3 g/l.The findings were consistent with a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy; the origin was obscure.Five days after admission chlorambucil was stopped.One week later there was noti-ceable improvement, the patient being mobile with two crutches.After three weeks he was discharged.Two months later he needed only a walking-stick; all reflexes were present, except the ankle jerks, and there was substantial recovery of power in dorsiflexion and plantar flexion.Nerve conduction studies showed normal proximal nerve conduction in the median nerve (41 m/s).There was an increased terminal latency of 10 ms with temporal dispersion.Both the antidromic median and ulnar sensory volleys showed increased latency and diminished amplitude of response.The clinical diagnosis was thus confirmed.Studies after 10 weeks showed a median nerve conduction velocity of 41 m/s, with a terminal latency of 6 ms-a significant improvement.
Travel Care: Travel Health Information Software
Authors: Vincent J. Felitti
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<b>Travax</b>, two 3.5-in install disks or four 5.25-in install disks plus one update disk, and 100-page user's guide in three-ring binder, quick reference, Medical Reference Guide, and Travel and Routine Immunizations book; for IBM-PC, DOS at least 2.2 in Windows, 3 MB hard disk, 460 kb free RAM; various versions available starting at $550 with monthly updates or $850 with weekly updates, Milwaukee, Wis, Shoreland Medical Marketing, 1994. Patients now seek advice from physicians on appropriate medical precautions to take for a spectrum of travel that can range from staying at a four-star hotel in Mexico City to being a Peace Corps volunteer in an unknown country. While relevant disease facts are available free from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization, and the State Department, they are difficult to locate, voluminous, and disorganized. In recent years, imaginative physicians have used computers to organize these
Myo‐regenerative Scaffolds: Electrical Stimulation of Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation on Aligned Nanostructured Conductive Polymer Platforms (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 6/2012)
Authors: Anita F. Quigley, Joselito M. Razal, Magdalena Kita, Rohoullah Jalili, Amy Gelmi, Anthony Penington, Raquel Ovalle‐Robles, Ray H. Baughman, Graeme M. Clark, Gordon G. Wallace, Robert M. I. Kapsa
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Nanostructured, electrically active scaffolds can be used to control the orientation of muscle fibers and to accelerate muscle regeneration ex vivo. It is envisaged that such scaffolds can be used in bionic devices for interfacing with muscular tissues as well as neural tissues. Further details can be found in the Communication by G. G. Wallace, R. M. I. Kapsa, and co-workers on page 801.
Relationship between left and right ventricular ejection fractions in chronic advanced systolic heart failure: insights from the BEST trial
Authors: Ravi V. Desai, Philippe Meyer, Mustafa I. Ahmed, Marjan Mujib, Chris Adamopoulos, Michel White, Inmaculada B. Aban, Ami E. Iskandrian, Ali Ahmed
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Ketamine hydrochloride: a potent analgesic.
Authors: T R Austin
Journal: BMJ (1976)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> The Kumamoto earthquakes struck Kumamoto prefecture, in the southwest part of Japan in April 2016. Physical and mental disorders presenting to hospital increased after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. Impaired access to primary care due to the earthquakes may have contributed to this increase. However, it is not known whether the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes affected access to primary care. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes on short-term health conditions by analysing ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs), using administrative data from Kumamoto prefecture. <h3>Design</h3> A retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting</h3> Residents enrolled in National Health Insurance or Late Elders’ Health Insurance from Kumamoto prefecture, Japan. <h3>Participants</h3> All hospital admissions due to ACSCs between 15 March and 16 May in each year from 2013 to 2016. <h3>Outcome measures</h3> ACSCs are defined as conditions for which appropriate primary care interventions could prevent admission to the hospital. <h3>Results</h3> We identified a total of 7921, 18 763 and 85 436 admissions for vaccine, acute and chronic preventable ACSCs, respectively, during the study period. Admissions within 7 days after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes increased to 32.6% (10.2, 59.5), 44.1% (27.0, 63.5) and 27.7% (20.2, 35.6) for vaccine-preventable, acute and chronic ACSCs, respectively. However, admissions for ACSCs did not change significantly 30 days after the earthquakes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes were associated with increased hospital admissions for ACSCs. The impact of the earthquakes on admissions for ACSCs did not persist for more than 7 days.
Blunted thrombopoietin response to interferon alfa-induced thrombocytopenia during treatment for hepatitis C
Authors: Markus Peck-Radosavljevic, Martina Wichlas, Johann Pidlich, Paul Sims, Gloria Meng, Johannes Zacherl, Shaily Garg, Christian Datz, Alfred Gangl, Peter Ferenci
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Thrombocytopenia is common in advanced-stage liver disease and is partly caused by inadequate thrombopoietin (TPO) production in the failing liver. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon alfa (IFN-) often induces thrombocytopenia, sometimes even leading to discontinuation of treatment. TPO regulation in response to IFN--induced thrombocytopenia was studied in patients with chronic hepatitis C with and without cirrhosis (Child A). An in vitro culture system with HepG2 cells was used to demonstrate any direct effects of IFN- on TPO mRNA expression, TPO synthesis, or TPO secretion from liver cells. Thrombocyte count was lower (U test: P < .05) in patients with hepatitis C cirrhosis compared with patients with chronic hepatitis C without cirrhosis before IFN therapy, and decreased in both patient groups (Wilcoxon matched-pairs test: P < . 05) on IFN therapy, the median decrease in both groups being comparable (noncirrhotic patients, 35%; cirrhotic patients, 32%; U test: P = .57). TPO levels rose in noncirrhotic patients (Wilcoxon matched-pairs test: P < .05), but not in patients with cirrhosis (noncirrhotic patients' median increase: 43% vs. cirrhotic patients' median decrease: 5%; U test: P < .001). Even in patients without cirrhosis, the increase in TPO levels was relatively small for the decrease in platelet count. No effect of IFN- could be demonstrated on TPO mRNA expression in vitro, but TPO secretion from liver cells was significantly reduced. Lower platelet counts but similar TPO levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis compared with noncirrhotic patients and a moderate increase in TPO levels in noncirrhotic patients with a missing increase in cirrhotic patients during IFN--induced thrombocytopenia provide further evidence for an impairment of TPO production in patients with cirrhosis and during IFN therapy. Recombinant human TPO could be of value in patients developing severe thrombocytopenia under IFN- therapy.
Effects of nonpathogenic gram-negative bacterium<i>Vitreoscilla filiformis</i>lysate on atopic dermatitis: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study
Authors: A. Gueniche, B. Knaudt, E. Schuck, T. Volz, P. Bastien, R. Martin, M. Röcken, L. Breton, T. Biedermann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with elevated IgE levels and Th2 responses. The oral administration of nonpathogenic bacteria such as probiotics may improve the course of atopic diseases. It is believed that nonpathogenic bacteria prevent the development of allergic diseases by modulating intestinal immune responses. However, the effects of oral probiotics on AD could not be reproduced in all studies and the direct immunomodulation of the skin‐associated immune response by nonpathogenic bacteria has not yet been investigated. Objectives We performed a prospective, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study with a cream containing a 5% lysate of the nonpathogenic bacteria Vitreoscilla filiformis. Patients and methods Seventy‐five volunteers with AD (6–70 years of age) were randomized to receive either V. filiformis cream 5% or vehicle cream daily for 30 days. Efficacy was evaluated by the SCORe of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), assessment of microflora, and the patient's assessment of itch and loss of sleep. Results Compared with placebo, V. filiformis lysate significantly decreased SCORAD levels (P =0·0044) and pruritus (P =0·0171). Active cream significantly decreased loss of sleep from day 0 to day 29 (P =0·0074). Qualitative and quantitative assessment of cutaneous microbial colonization revealed that V. filiformis lysate reduced Staphylococcus aureus colonization of the skin. The skin barrier as determined by TEWL also improved significantly with the cream alone. Conclusions V. filiformis lysate significantly improved AD. This may be in part due to reduction of S. aureus, but seems to relate in most parts to a direct immunomodulatory effect on skin‐associated immune responses.
Scoliosis in School-children
Authors: N. H. Wells
Journal: BMJ (1948)

of G.D.O.s to the Services.The Medical Women's Federation wishes again to express its opinion that the newly qualified women doctors ought to take their share of the burden, and that they would provide a not inconsiderable contribution to the requirement.It is understood that a recommendation on these lines has been made by the Services Committee of the Central Medical War Committee to the Medical Priority Committee.This would involve legislation to render women doctors liable to National Service,
Artifacts in Peripheral Blood Films
Authors: James Wortman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Microscopic examination of the peripheral blood has long been recognized as an important part in patient evaluation. Useful information can be obtained regarding all of the formed elements of the blood, thus making it fundamental to the hematologic evaluation of any patient. However, artifacts frequently may be present to perplex the examiner. The more common ones may appear in parts of every peripheral blood film.' One seemingly ominous finding involves clusters of immature-appearing cells resembling blastocytes or metastatic tumor cells observed when the blood film is prepared from the first drop of blood from the traditional finger wound. We recently encountered a patient with such a finding. The patient was an elderly man admitted to our facility for control of congestive heart failure. On routine evaluation of his peripheral blood smears, the patient was found to have several distinct clumps of immature-appearing cells (Figure). This finding caused
Absence of Inhibitory Anti-C1 Esterase-Inhibitor Antibody Formation in Subjects Treated With C1 Esterase-Inhibitor Concentrate (Berinert®) for Successive Hereditary Angioedema Attacks
Authors: D.S. Hurewitz, J.A. Bernstein, A.K. Bewtra, U. Kalina, T. Machnig, T.J. Craig
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Studies of the Diagnostic Process: The Influence of Symptom Perception, Past Experience, and Ethnic Background on Diagnostic Decisions
Authors: MARTIN M. KATZ, JONATHAN O. COLE, HENRI A. LOWERY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

To investigate the conceptual base and the factors influencing the process and current practice of psychiatric diagnosis, the authors designed six studies. Clinicians were asked to view a film of a patient interview, rate the patient on a standard set of symptom rating scales, assign a diagnosis, and answer some questions about their backgrounds and specific approach to the diagnostic decision about the case. The results suggest that disagreements among clinicians may be due to actual differences in their perceptions of certain kinds of pathology rather than to semantic preference. Suggestions are offered for methodological and technical improvements in future research in this area.
Phagocytosis and oxidative burst by neutrophils in patients with recurrent furunculosis
Authors: None DemirCay, None EKSioGlu-Demiralp, None Ergun, None AkoGlu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Neutrophil phagocytosis of fluorescently labelled Staphylococcus aureus and oxidative burst by the neutrophils were assessed by flow cytometry in 22 patients with recurrent furunculosis and in 17 controls. Phagocytosis and oxidative burst were not found to be significantly different between the patients and controls. Low serum iron concentrations were demonstrated in six patients (27%). In these patients with hypoferraemia, oxidative burst was significantly lower than in the patients without hypoferraemia and in the controls. These data suggest that hypoferraemia may be an important predisposing factor in a subgroup of patients with recurrent furunculosis in impairing oxidative killing by neutrophils.
Dermatologic Relationships Between the United States and German-Speaking Countries
Authors: Walter H. C. Burgdorf, David R. Bickers
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

The interactions between dermatology in the United States and German-speaking Europe have shifted dramatically over time and played important roles in the evolution of the specialty in both regions. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, American physicians wishing to become dermatologists were highly dependent on training in European centers of excellence.Many spent time in German-speaking cities, primarily in Vienna, Berlin, or Hamburg. The career paths of the founders of the major US dermatologic organizations, such as the New York Dermatological Society, American Dermatological Association, American Board of Dermatology, Society for Investigative Dermatology, and American Academy of Dermatology,point to the lasting impact of study in Europe on American dermatology. The European roots of James C. White, Louis Adolphus Duhring, Sigmund Pollitzer, and Marion B. Sulzberger among others are considered prototypes of the dominance of German-trained dermatologists on the specialty in the US that persisted until the 1930s and thereafter.
Medical Preparation for the Olympic Games
Authors: Merritt H. Stiles
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In past Olympiads, the US Olympic Medical and Training Services Committee functioned primarily as a personnel selection and supply committee of lay members—with medical problems handled by team physicians. The prospect of having to compete at Mexico City in the XIX Olympiad introduced two major problems, that of competing at an altitude considerably higher than that of any previous summer games and the well-recognized problem of enteritis. The primary step taken by the US Olympic Committee to meet these challenges was the appointment of a broad-based Medical and Training Services Committee, after consultation with the American College of Sports Medicine, the American Medical Association Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports, other organizations, and numerous individuals. Because of the physiologic problems which were anticipated, an Advisory Panel on Sports Physiology was also appointed.  An early responsibility of the Medical and Training Services Committee was the selection of medical, nursing, and
FDA Focuses on Quality-of-Life Issues for Patients Following LASIK Surgery
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

tients to access them, by ensuring that mental health care is covered by insurance and other measures. Both Lund and Pedersen said they and their data support the joint recommendations. The guideline also strongly recommends that physicians discuss the risks and benefits with their patients and document the discussion. Stotland emphasized that during these discussions, physicians should help patients to understand the magnitude of the risks and the limitations of the data. She also encourages physicians to acknowledge the patient’s desire to do what is right for her baby, and to express support for her decision. Given the widespread prejudice against psychotropic medications, Stotland also strongly advises physicians to ask women who have decided to take medication about whether family members are supportive. If family members are skeptical, she said, the woman should be urged to bring them along for an appointment, or she should be given materials—such as the guideline—to take home to share with such individuals. By doing so, she said, “you are saving a lot of grief, a lot of guilt, and a lot of dissention in the family.”
Improved DNA vaccination by skin-targeted delivery using dry-coated densely-packed microprojection arrays
Authors: Xianfeng Chen, Angela Shaulov Kask, Michael L. Crichton, Celia McNeilly, Sally Yukiko, Lichun Dong, Joshua O. Marshak, Courtney Jarrahian, Germain J.P. Fernando, Dexiang Chen, David M. Koelle, Mark A.F. Kendall
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)