tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alterations of heart rate and of heart rate variability after radiofrequency catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia. Delineation of parasympathetic pathways in the human heart.
Authors: D Z Kocovic, T Harada, J B Shea, D Soroff, P L Friedman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Persistent inappropriate sinus tachycardia has been reported as a complication after radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the fast atrioventricular (AV) nodal pathway. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of this complication and its mechanism using heart rate variability analysis.Time and frequency domain analysis of heart rate was performed in the electrophysiology laboratory immediately before and immediately after RF ablation in 64 patients with supraventricular tachycardia. Ablation targets in these 64 patients included the fast AV nodal pathway (n = 3), the slow AV nodal pathway (n = 14), a posteroseptal accessory pathway (n = 23), and a left lateral accessory pathway (n = 24). A control group of 21 patients undergoing diagnostic study but not ablation underwent identical analysis immediately before and at the conclusion of their procedure. Patients undergoing ablation also had time and frequency domain analysis performed on ambulatory 24-hour Holter tapes recorded before ablation and at 1 day, 1 month, and 6 months after ablation. Compared with preablation values, time domain analysis immediately after ablation revealed a significant increase in mean heart rate and significant reductions in heart rate variability expressed as SD, MSSD, and PNN50 in patients undergoing AV nodal modification or posteroseptal accessory pathway ablation. Frequency domain analysis revealed marked attenuation of high frequency (0.15 to 0.40 Hz) components, indicating parasympathetic denervation. These acute changes were not seen after ablation of left lateral accessory pathways or after diagnostic study without ablation. Time and frequency domain analysis of 24-hour ambulatory Holter monitors performed serially after ablation revealed resolution of abnormalities of heart rate and of heart rate variability 1 to 6 months after ablation, with reappearance of the high frequency parasympathetic component suggestive of reinnervation.RF ablation in the anterior, mid, and posterior regions of the low interatrial septum may disrupt preganglionic or postganglionic parasympathetic fibers located in these regions that are destined to innervate the sinus node. Such fibers become more scarce along the left AV groove with increasing distance from the posteroseptal space. Parasympathetic denervation may be one mechanism for persistent inappropriate sinus tachycardia after RF ablation.
CS-33 * DISCOVERY OF A p53-INDEPENDENT SUPPRESSOR OF SENESCENCE OF GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME
Authors: K. Sumita, M. Davis, R. Pragani, J. Terakawa, T. Daikoku, N. Majd, M. Shen, Z. Li, X. Hu, L. Cantley, M. Boxer, A. Simeonov, A. Sasaki
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor and resistant to cell senescence. Through proteomic screening we have identified a novel type of kinase, tentatively named, SSK1 (Super Signaling Kinase-1) that could connect cellular metabolism to cell growth. Depletion of SSK1 induced cellular senescence and diminished GBM cell growth in vitro and in a xenograft tumor model. The senescence caused by SSK1 depletion was accompanied by the induction of p21WAF1/CIP1, a critical inducer of cell senescence. Importantly, p21WAF1/CIP1 induction was independent of p53, reactive oxygen species (ROS) status, and DNA damage response pathways. Critically, the kinase activity of SSK1 is indispensable for GBM to suppress the induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 and escape senescence. Through chemical library screening, we identified a small molecule, which inhibited SSK1 activity in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of SSK1 inhibitor increased p21WAF1/CIP1 and triggered GBM senescence. Our data reveal a novel p21WAF1/CIP1 regulatory pathway mediated by SSK1, which is essential for GBM to suppress senescence, and suggest a novel therapy for their treatment, pharmacologically targeting SSK1.
AIP1 mediates TNF-α–induced ASK1 activation by facilitating dissociation of ASK1 from its inhibitor 14-3-3
Authors: Rong Zhang, Xiangrong He, Weimin Liu, Meng Lu, Jer-Tsong Hsieh, Wang Min
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

TNF-α activates ASK1 in part by dissociating 14-3-3 from apoptosis signal–regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). In the present study, we identified a novel Ras GTPase-activating protein (Ras-GAP) as an ASK1-interacting protein (AIP1). AIP1 binds to the C-terminal domain of ASK1 via a lysine-rich cluster within the N-terminal C2 domain. AIP1 exists in a closed form through an intramolecular interaction between the N-terminus and the C-terminus, and TNF-α induces unfolding of AIP1 leading to association of AIP1 with ASK1. Thus, the N-terminus of AIP1 containing the C2 and GAP domains constitutively binds to ASK1 and facilitates the release of 14-3-3 from ASK1. In contrast to 14-3-3, AIP1 binds preferentially to dephosphorylated ASK1. Recruited AIP1 enhances ASK1-induced JNK activation, and the ASK1 binding and the GAP activity of AIP1 are critical for AIP1-enhanced ASK1 activation. Furthermore, TNF-induced ASK1/JNK activation is significantly blunted in cells where AIP1 is knocked down by RNA interference. These data suggest that AIP1 mediates TNF-α–induced ASK1 activation by facilitating dissociation of inhibitor 14-3-3 from ASK1, a novel mechanism by which TNF-α activates ASK1.
Sanguineous Effusion into the Pons Varolii: Partial Recovery: Death from Effusion into One Ventricle
Authors: J. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1868)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.6iiI found her in a violent convulsion, and was told that she had had about eighteen fits during the night.The first occurred at eight o'clock on the preceding evening.On examination pervaginam, I found that the os uteri was about the size of a crown-piece, and somewhat rigid.The uterus possessed the anterior obliquify to such a marked extent, that the os was situated very far back in the pelvis.The membranes were entire;
Results of Surgery for Congenital Pulmonary Stenosis
Authors: JOHN S. HANSON, DANAE IKKOS, CLARENCE CRAFOORD, CARL-OLOF OVENFORS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Clinical and physiologic data before and after operation are presented in 2.5 patients who underwent surgical correction of congenital pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricular septum. Sixteen patients were operated on by the transventricular approach, 7 by the transarterial route, and 2 had infundibulectomies. Postoperative changes in the clinical status, phonocardiogram, electrocardiogram, x-rays, and right heart catheterization values are discussed. Comparison is made of the 2 major operative technics both in the present group and in cases gathered from a review of the literature.
Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver: An enigmatic lesion with polyclonal plasma cell proliferation
Authors: Eric B. Larson
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Five cases of inflammatory pseudotumour of the liver are reported and compared with seven individual previously published case reports. Clinical presentation was variable but often comprised low grade intermittent fever, vague abdominal symptoms, and a history of weight loss. Leucocytosis, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and polyclonal hyperglobulinaemia were also sometimes detected. All five cases in the present series were considered to be clinically malignant; and in two the histological diagnosis was also that of malignancy. The lesion is clearly inflammatory and reactive, but the aetiology remains unknown.
65 PEGINTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN THERAPY IMPROVE PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS AFTER CURATIVE TREATMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA-ASSOCIATED HEPATITIS C
Authors: K. Tsuchiya, Y. Asahina, N. Tamaki, I. Hirayama, Y. Yasui, T. Tanaka, M. Sato, T. Hosokawa, K. Ueda, H. Ikeda, H. Nakanishi, J. Itakura, M. Kurosaki, N. Izumi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Sodium transport by rat cortical collecting tubule. Effects of vasopressin and desoxycorticosterone.
Authors: M C Reif, S L Troutman, J A Schafer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We have used rat cortical collecting tubules perfused in vitro to study the effects of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) on the unidirectional fluxes of sodium. We found that in the basal state, lumen-to-bath flux (Jlb) and bath-to-lumen flux (Jbl) of 22Na were approximately equal, 39.5 +/- 3.9 and 41.8 +/- 11.0 pmol X min-1 X min-1, respectively, resulting in no net flux. Addition of 100 microU/ml ADH to the bath produced a stable increase in Jlb to 58.3 +/- 4.7 pmol X min-1 X mm-1. Pretreatment of the animal with DOCA for 4 to 7 d (20 mg/kg per d) increased baseline Jlb to 81.6 +/- 8.7 pmol X min-1 X mm-1. Addition of ADH to a tubule from a DOCA-pretreated rat caused an increase in Jlb to 144.1 +/- 12.0 pmol X min-1 X mm-1 X Neither hormone had an effect on Jbl X Thus ADH produced a greater absolute and fractional increase in Jlb when the animal was pretreated with DOCA, and the ADH-induced increase over baseline was greater than the DOCA-induced increase. Both the ADH-and DOCA-induced stimulation of Jlb were completely abolished by 10(-5) M luminal amiloride, suggesting that the route of sodium transport stimulated by both hormones involves apical sodium channels. However, ADH and DOCA have very different time courses of action; ADH acted within minutes, while aldosterone and DOCA are known to require 90-180 min. The facilitating action of ADH on DOCA-induced stimulation of sodium transport may be important for maximal sodium reabsorption and for the ability to achieve a maximally concentrated urine.
Judge upholds doctors' care plan for profoundly damaged 3 year old boy against wishes of birth mother
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A profoundly brain damaged 3 year old boy in foster care should not be given life prolonging treatment when his condition deteriorates, despite the wishes of his birth mother, a High Court judge has ruled.

The boy, named only as KH, has been in local authority care since shortly after birth and lives with foster parents. His younger sibling is also in care.

Neither birth parent has the mental capacity to take decisions about medical treatment. But the unnamed NHS trust caring for the boy in the north of England took the case to court when his mother objected to parts of the advance care plan being drawn up for her son.

K contracted viral encephalitis when he was 5 weeks …
The Etiology of Rheumatism in Children.
Authors: O. E. Matter
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Maywood, Ill., Feb. 16, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Reading the theories, new and old, of the etiology of rheumatism in children, inThe Journalof recent date, reminds me of a patient under my care two years ago. It was a typical case of croupous pneumonia in a boy of 7. The crisis was passed on the fifth day. The second day following he developed rheumatic fever with swollen and extremely painful ankle and knee joints on the right side, which several days later shifted to the left side. Under the usual treatment he made a good recovery. This suggests the probability of the cause of the rheumatism as being<i>Diplococcus pneumoniœ</i>infection, and offers a field for research.
A CASE OF OBSTRUCTION OF THE BOWEL FOUR DAYS AFTER ABDOMINAL SECTION—SECONDARY OPERATION— RECOVERY.REMARKS ON PERITONEAL ADHESIONS.
Authors: FRANK C. FERGUSON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Mrs. G., age 37, living in Huntington, Ind., was brought to my Sanatorium by her physician, Dr. Charles W. Wright, Feb. 15, 1895. She was the mother of two children, aged respectively 13 and 6 years. Had been an invalid since the birth of the younger child. She complained of backache, headache, pelvic pain, indigestion, leucorrhea, dysmenorrhea and insomnia. Her appetite was good, but on account of gastric irritability she could rarely consume a good meal. She was emaciated and extremely nervous. Bowels constipated, vesical irritability. Pelvic examination discovered a sharply retroflexed uterus bound down by adhesions; and an enlarged prolapsed ovary, pressure upon which elicited exquisite pain. Measurement of the uterus showed a longitudinal diameter of three and one-half inches. After one week's preparatory treatment, abdominal section, with the assistance of Drs. F. B. Wynn, Martha J. Smith and S. E. Crose, was made Feb. 22, 1895. The right
A nanobiohybrid complex of recombinant baculovirus and Tat/DNA nanoparticles for delivery of Ang-1 transgene in myocardial infarction therapy
Authors: Arghya Paul, Zyad M. Binsalamah, Afshan A. Khan, Sana Abbasia, Cynthia B. Elias, Dominique Shum-Tim, Satya Prakash
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Triple therapy with first generation HCV protease inhibitors: Lead-in or no lead-in phase?
Authors: Alina Pascale, Lawrence Serfaty
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)

The standard therapeutic approach currently recommended for patients infected with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the triple therapy combining pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), ribavirin (RBV)and NS3/NS4 protease inhibitors, boceprevir or telaprevir [1]. Protease inhibitors (PIs) are direct acting antiviral drugs (DAA) which, when added to PEG-IFN and RBV, are able to achieve a significant gain in terms of sustained virological response (SVR), both in naïve and treatment-experienced patients [2–5]. The use of these new molecules, despite its in contestable benefits, reveals on the other hand new challenges: the emergence of variants with reduced sensitivity to PIs, the development of new or higher rate of side effects, drug to drug interactions, and significant increase in the overall cost of antiviral therapy. Among the two DAAs commonly used in combination with PEG-IFN and RBV (PEG-IFN/RBV) for the treatment of genotype 1 HCV patients, boceprevir has been licensed with a lead-in phase, while telaprevir has been licensed without. EMA approved regimens of both drugs are reported in Figs. 1 and 2. The lead-in phase represents an initial period of 4 weeks of dual therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV, in standard doses, followed by triple therapy. The concept of lead-in phase was initiated by the Schering–Plough company in order to improve efficacy of boceprevir-based triple therapy. Indeed, by lowering HCV RNA level, a short course of PEG-IFN/RBV may theoretically reduce the risk of viral breakthrough or resistance. However, there is still much controversy regarding the utility of the lead-in phase, some authors advocating its role in improving, and/or predicting triple therapy effectiveness, while others view it as a useless complication of the therapeutic regimen, its chief disadvantage being the inconvenience to the patient.
THE INDUCTION OF LYMPHOCYTOSIS AND LYMPHATIC HYPERPLASIA BY MEANS OF PARENTERALLY ADMINISTERED PROTEIN
Authors: Bruce K. Wiseman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

Repeated parenteral injections by various routes in a series of twelve rabbits caused an increase of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood varying from 23 per cent to 139 per cent. It seems probable that the degree of response is conditioned upon the type of protein used. At autopsy the lymph nodes and spleen showed hyperplastic changes. The thymus did not participate in the hyperplasia.
General practitioner training in paediatrics.
Authors: I. R. Wakefield
Journal: BMJ (1989)

from studies of women taking unopposed oestro- gens.rhe question of progestogens is complex and unresolved, as can be seen by the supplement of Fertility and Sterility that was devoted to such topics.'To date there is information only concern- ing effects on lipids and carbohydrate metabolism but not in any strong sense related to atheroma or clinical disease.Nevertheless, there are grounds for applying pressure on manufacturers to use smaller doses of progestogens: duration rather than quantity seems the important factor in terms of protection against endometrial cancer, and indeed this seems to be the tendency with some newer preparations.Nevertheless, I support the quest for compounds with lower binding affinity for androgen receptor.The subject is rapidly moving and I feel that menopausal patients can safely be given favourable advice about the benefits of hormone replacement treatment, but we should be prepared to make changes in treatment in the light of developments.
Cognitive behaviour therapy can reduce hypochondriasis
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Short term, individualised cognitive behaviour therapy can have long term benefits in reducing the symptoms of hypochondriasis in patients who are willing to try a psychological approach to treatment, a study has shown.

Until now no specific treatment has been shown to be effective against hypochondriasis, defined as a persistent fear of or belief in having a serious undiagnosed illness. Occurring in an estimated 5% of patients, the condition has been considered refractory to psychological and drug treatment.

In the …
Abstract 3861: Fusion toxin BLyS-gelonin inhibits growth of B-NHL cell lines <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Troy A. Luster, Ipsita Mukherjee, Jeffrey A. Carrell, Yun Hee Cho, Jeffrey Gill, Andy Garcia, Christopher Ward, Stephen Ullrich, Thi-Sau Migone, Robin Humphreys
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is a member of the TNF superfamily of cytokines. BLyS is expressed by cells of myeloid origin and is one of many soluble factors that regulate human B-cell activation. The biological activity of BLyS is mediated by three cell surface receptors: B-cell-activating factor-receptor (BAFF-R/BR3), transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA). These receptors are expressed by normal and malignant B-cells at various stages of development. To target malignant B cells expressing BLyS receptors, the recombinant plant-derived toxin gelonin was fused to the N-terminus of BLyS to generate the fusion toxin BLyS-gel. Gelonin is an N-glycosidase that removes a critical adenine from eukaryotic 28S rRNA, disrupting ribosome function and inhibiting protein synthesis. Importantly, gelonin is not toxic to cells unless coupled with a targeting moiety that can enter the cell. BLyS-gel was used to treat a panel of nearly 50 malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines expressing BLyS receptors. NHL subtypes mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B cell precursor-acute lymphocytic leukemia (BCP-ALL) were preferentially sensitive to BLyS-gel mediated cytotoxicity, with EC50 values in the low picomolar range. BLyS-gel cytotoxicity was mediated primarily by BR3 and TACI in sensitive cell lines; however, cell surface expression of these BLyS receptors did not necessarily confer sensitivity to BLyS-gel. The internalization of BLyS-gel was confirmed in both sensitive and resistant cell lines, indicating resistance was not due to a lack of internalization. As expected, BLyS-gel treatment inhibited protein synthesis in sensitive, but not resistant cell lines. In most cell lines, cell death seemed to be mediated by the “ribotoxic stress response.” This response involves activation of p38 MAPK and JNK/SAPK, and BLyS-gel mediated cytotoxicity was inhibited by the p38/JNK inhibitor SB203580. Finally, BLyS-gel treatment significantly prolonged survival in three distinct disseminated xenograft models (BCP-ALL, DLBCL &amp; MCL) in SCID mice, and BLyS-gel was shown to specifically localize to sites of disease. Together, these findings suggest BLyS has potential as a targeting ligand for the therapeutic delivery of toxins and/or drugs directly to malignant B cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3861. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3861
Nursing Homes and Fax Machines
Authors: Gregory B. Patrick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> A recent letter by Tangalos et al<sup>1</sup>promotes facsimile (fax) transmission of medical orders and information to nursing homes. The authors state that they have found such transmission to be "efficient, error-free, and cost-effective." This may be so, but I am concerned that such transmission is not private. To transmit information using a fax machine, a number is dialed and the original paper inserted in the machine. The fax is then sent to the destination indicated by that telephone number. A misdial may send the fax to an unintended destination (such as an attorney's office). Since the fax machine uses a dedicated telephone line, this error in transmission may go undetected. Do the authors have a mechanism to document the time of transmission and the receipt of their orders? In some nursing homes, the fax machine is kept in the mailroom. Facsimiles are handled with
Gallbladder Symptoms and the Roentgenographically Normal Gallbladder
Authors: Eddy D. Palmer
Journal: JAMA (1974)

AMONG the common abdominal diseases, cholecystitis, acute and chronic, has the reputation as the easiest to recognize on the basis of history and physical examination. Prior to objective studies, the clinician is likely to feel more confident about his working diagnosis of gallbladder disease than that of such problems as gastric or duodenal ulcer, cecal carcinoma, small bowel inflammatory disease, and others. Furthermore, it can be agreed that cholecystography is one of the most reliable of the radiologic diagnostic techniques used for investigation of abdominal complaints. Nevertheless, it is not rare for the clinician to find that the<i>cholecystogram is normal</i>in the patient who, he is certain, has the historical and physical findings that indicate gallbladder disease. <h3>Normal Cholecystogram</h3> When this happens, can the clinician choose his bedside opinion over the radiologist's? Can he decide on cholecystectomy, perhaps assuming cholesterosis or biliary mud or simply some more common gallbladder
CRITERIA OF THE AGE OF LYMPHOCYTES IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD
Authors: Bruce K. Wiseman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

The study of blood from rabbits with normal and with hyperactive lymphatic tissue reveals, in the latter, a greater percentage of lymphocytes with heavily basophilic cytoplasm and numerous mitochondria. This indicates that cytoplasmic basophilia and mitochondrial content can serve as criteria of the degree of maturity of the lymphocyte, these characters having the same significance in this relation as obtains with other blood cells. Basophilia is the more evident and reliable indicator of youth of the cells. The classification of lymphocytes into three groups, according to degree of basophilia, has yielded figures which show the proportions of the three to be relatively stable in blood from normal adult human beings and rabbits. Size is not strictly a function of age in lymphocytes. Moreover, there is no correspondence in the size of lymphocytes in supravital films and in fixed specimens obtained by the "cover glass" method. There is a change of size during fixation. Although lymphocytes of intermediate and large size may be of any age, in supravital preparations the majority are young cells, whereas in fixed films the reverse obtains. The small lymphocyte may be of any age in specimens examined by either technique. The total number of lymphocytes circulating at any given time is not necessarily an index to lymphoid activity.