tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010
Authors: A. D WOOLF
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

The goal of the Bone and Joint Decade is to improve the health related quality of life for people with musculoskeletal disorders throughout the world.

Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common causes of severe long term pain and physical disability, affecting hundreds of millions of people around the world. They affect all sectors of society. Back pain is the second leading cause of sick leave. Fractures related to osteoporosis have almost doubled in number in the past decade; it is estimated that 40% of all women over 50 years in age will suffer from an osteoporotic fracture. The severe injuries caused by traffic accidents and war produce a tremendous demand for preventive and restorative help. It is anticipated that 25% of health expenditure of developing countries will be spent on trauma related care by the year 2010. Despite improvements in prevention and treatment, crippling diseases and deformities of childhood continue to deprive many of their normal development. However, joint diseases are of especial significance in older age groups, accounting for half of all chronic conditions in persons aged 65 and over.

This morbidity is not reflected in the priority given to these problems for their effective prevention and treatment and for research to advance understanding. All musculoskeletal conditions have suffered from a lack of attention by the medical profession, the politicians and the public because they are not life threatening and many are considered to be a natural part of aging. Disabling pain is something that many suffer in silence and do not lobby for the better provision of care. The costs of these conditions are however huge in lost income and also the consumption of health and social resources. The number of aging people is expanding rapidly throughout the world. There are now effective methods of prevention and novel …
Inherited deficiency of the third component of human complement (C′3)
Authors: Chester A. Alper, Richard P. Propp, Martin R. Klemperer, Fred S. Rosen, Lillian Watson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

A kindred has been investigated in which seven individuals were found to have half-normal serum concentrations of the third component of complement (C′3). This partial deficiency was transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Affected individuals were entirely healthy. Hemolytic complement titers were slightly reduced but immune adherence titers and reagent titrations of the classical complement components were normal.
Pulmonary function testing prior to reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation in an unselected patient cohort predicts posttransplantation pulmonary complications and outcome
Authors: José Luis Piñana, Rodrigo Martino, Pere Barba, Jesús Bellido‐Casado, David Valcárcel, Anna Sureda, Javier Briones, Salut Brunet, José Manuel Rodriguez‐Arias, Pere Casan, Jorge Sierra
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Pretransplant pulmonary function tests (PFTs) have been checked mostly in myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT). Their value in the setting of reduced intensity conditioning Allo-SCT (Allo-RIC) has been less explored. We retrospectively evaluated the predictive value of PFTs on posttransplant pulmonary complications (PPC) and outcomes in 195 consecutive Allo-RIC patients, based on fludarabine plus busulphan or melphalan. PFT parameters included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, total lung capacity (TLC), residual volume, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCo) corrected for the hemoglobin levels. Pretransplant PFTs abnormalities were observed in 130 patients (66%). The most frequent abnormalities were abnormal DLCO (n = 83, 44%), followed by FEV1/FVC (n = 75, 38%) and FVC (n = 47, 24%). The abnormalities were severe in 25 (13%) patients, moderate in 65 (33%) and mild in 40 patients (21%). Multivariate analysis showed that TLC was significantly associated with PPC, nonrelapse mortality and overall survival (OS), (HR 4.2, 95% CI. 2-8.5; HR 3.8, 95% CI. 1.7-8.5; HR 2.3, 95% CI. 1.3-4.1, respectively, P = 0.01), while abnormal FVC had a negative impact on PPC and OS (HR 1.8, 95% CI. 0.98-3.6, P = 0.06 and HR 1.7, 95% CI. 1.1-2.6, P = 0.008). This study emphasizes the valuable role of PFTs in identifying patients at risk for PPC, NRM, and lower OS in the Allo-RIC setting.
Effect of steric restriction on the intracortical distribution of microspheres in the dog kidney.
Authors: L Morkrid, J Ofstad, Y Willassen
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The effect on the intracortical distribution of microspheres and radioactivity caused by steric hindrance of the free movement of spheres into afferent arterioles are described by two mathematical models. The results are compared with corresponding experimental data obtained in six kidneys from normotensive dogs. The first model (A) assumes that spheres are distributed as blood flow, regardless of their size, except for those having diameters greater than that of an afferent arteriole and which do not enter this vessel. The second model (B) includes the Ferry correction. The experimental data show that the percent recovery of spheres with diameters of 20-25 mum was significantly greater in the outer cortex and significantly less in the juxtamedullary cortex than recovery of the smaller spheres, and that the distribution of spheres with diameters of 10 mum to about 17 mum seems uninfluenced by the sphere size. The experimental results we have obtained fit best with model A. We found that according to both models steric restriction is a factor of major importance in relation to the intracortical distribution of spheres, and the analysis shows that the blood flow in the inner part of the renal cortex is grossly underestimated by the method of isotope labeled microspheres when diameters of 15 +/- 5 mum are used in the dog. Furthermore we found that dilation of the afferent arterioles will change the steric hindrance so that a redistribution of spheres and radioactivity may occur without any redistribution of blood flow. It is suggested that the results interpreted as redistribution of blood flow can be explained as due to altered steric hindrance alone, i.e., as a methodological artifact.
The Decision to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Maurice Fox, Helene Levens Lipton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Decisions to initiate or forgo life-prolonging procedures, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, present profound medical and ethical dilemmas for the physician, nurse, patient, family, and society. The physician's self-image as the advocate and protector of the patient under his or her care is challenged when a decision must be made that may compromise the dignity of the patient and prolong the agony of dying. The decision often represents an amalgam of conflicting forces and values and is not always rationally reached.1 In its analysis of decisions to forgo life-sustaining treatment, the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine . . .
Menstruation
Authors: JOSEPH A. ORZEL, GREGORY J. JAFFERS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Serial Tc-99m DTPA studies were performed to evaluate renal transplant blood flow and function in a 34-year-old woman. A hypervascular pelvic mass with increased blood pool activity was intermittently identified. This hypervascular lesion suggested a pathologic condition of the pelvis, and its blood pool simulated bladder activity, confusing interpretation of renal function. This perplexing vascular lesion was the uterus, with varying degrees of blood flow and blood pool activity depending on the timing of the renal study in relation to the menstrual cycle.
Changes in sulfated proteoglycan production after activation of rat liver macrophages
Authors: Jeffrey D. Laskin, Anthea Dokidis, Carol R. Gardner, Debra L. Laskin
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Production of extracellular matrix proteins-in particular, the proteoglycans-by macrophages is important in many of their functions, including cell-cell recognition, adhesion and phagocytosis. In this study, we characterized changes in sulfated proteoglycan production by hepatic macrophages following in vivo activation with lipopolysaccharide. We found that both resident Kupffer cells and liver macrophages from lipopolysaccharide-treated rats incorporated [35S]sulfate into proteoglycans. Lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages incorporated two to three times more of the label than did resident Kupffer cells. In addition, although both cell types produced chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate, resident Kupffer cells synthesized more chondroitin sulfate whereas lipopolysaccharide-activated cells produced more heparan sulfate. Using specific antibodies and flow cytometry, we also found that hepatic macrophages produced chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate and chondroitin-O-sulfate. Lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages contained more chondroitin-4-sulfate and chondroitin-O-sulfate and less heparan sulfate than did resident Kupffer cells. Both tunicamycin and beta-D-xylosides, inhibitors of sulfated proteoglycan biosynthesis, were found to block phagocytosis by the cells. Taken together, these results suggest that sulfated proteoglycans are important in activation and functional responsiveness of liver macrophages.
Electrophysiologic and anatomic basis for fractionated electrograms recorded from healed myocardial infarcts.
Authors: P I Gardner, P C Ursell, J J Fenoglio, A L Wit
Journal: Circulation (1985)

The electrophysiologic and anatomic basis for fractionated electrograms were investigated in superfused epicardial preparations from infarcted canine hearts. Fractionated bipolar electrograms were frequently recorded in preparations from infarcts 2 weeks to 18 months old but only rarely in preparations from 5-day-old infarcts. The fractionated electrograms were not caused by movement artifacts. They were not associated with depressed transmembrane resting or action potentials (which were found in the 5-day-old infarcts), but rather transmembrane potentials recorded in the vicinity of the bipolar electrodes were normal. Despite the normal transmembrane potentials, activation time in regions where fractionated electrograms occurred was prolonged. However, prolonged activation time by itself did not cause fractionation, since fractionated electrograms were not recorded from normal preparations in which conduction was markedly slowed by a superfusate containing 16 mM potassium and epinephrine. Unipolar electrograms recorded with glass microelectrodes (tip size 1 to 5 microns) showed that activation in regions where fractionated electrograms were recorded was inhomogeneous. Prepotentials were found preceding the upstrokes of some action potentials in regions where double potentials were recorded, suggesting the possibility of electrotonic transmission across high resistance or inexcitable gaps, but no electrotonic potentials were seen in regions with multicomponent fractionated electrograms. Fractionated electrograms were recorded in regions where infarct healing caused wide separation of individual myocardial fibers while distorting their orientation. The anatomic changes probably caused slow and inhomogeneous activation.
Second-Trimester Abortion: Perspectives After a Decade of Experience
Authors: Jane E. Hodgson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This book is the most extensive volume currently available concerning the controversial subject of second-trimester abortion. The carefully referenced proceedings are a result of a national conference on second-trimester abortion held in 1979, when 37 internationally known experts gathered in Chapel Hill, NC, to discuss the medical and social aspects of the second-trimester abortion procedure. While general agreement exists regarding the best method of terminating first-trimester pregnancies, there has been considerable controversy as to the safety and proper technique in second-trimester terminations, of which more than 100,000 are performed annually in the United States. The past decade of experience with second-trimester abortion is presented to the reader with authoritative accounts of the available techniques, including indications, contraindications, and complications. While instillation procedures were used more frequently ten years ago, now "D and E" emerges as the method of choice, at least up to the 18th menstrual week. No consensus is
LATEX PARTICLE SLIDE TESTS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: James J. Lane
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Two rapid latex particle slide tests used in rheumatoid arthritis, the RA-test and the eosin slide test, were compared with the latex fixation test, here used as a standard of reference. Of the total group of 309 persons tested, 290 (94 % ) showed either all negative or all positive results with the three methods used. In the remaining 19 patients (6 % ) positive results were obtained on one or both slide tests, while the latex fixation test result was negative. In all cases in which positive results were obtained with the latex fixation test, the slide test results were also positive. Either slide test can be considered a satisfactory screening procedure if due care is exercised in their interpretation.
Cigarette Smoking and Treatment Outcomes in Graves Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Luigi Bartalena
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: It is unclear whether smoking affects the course of Graves ophthalmopathy and therapeutic outcomes. Objective: To observe smoking behavior in a randomized study of the effect of radioiodine therapy on ophthalmopathy and in a case series of patients with Graves ophthalmopathy receiving orbital radiation therapy and glucocorticoids. Design: Randomized, single-blind study of smoking and mild ophthalmopathy after radioiodine therapy (study 1) and a retrospective cohort study of the association between smoking and response of severe ophthalmopathy to treatment (study 2). Setting: University medical center. Patients: 300 patients with mild ophthalmopathy (study 1) and 150 patients with severe ophthalmopathy (study 2). Intervention: In study 1, patients received radioiodine alone or radioiodine and a 3-month course of oral prednisone (initial dosage, 0.4 to 0.5 mg/kg of body weight per day). In study 2, patients received high-dose oral prednisone for 6 months (initial dosage, 80 to 100 mg/d) and underwent orbital radiation therapy by linear accelerator (cumulative dose, 20 Gy per eye over 2 weeks). Measurements: Degree of ophthalmopathy was assessed by overall evaluation (inflammatory changes, proptosis, extraocular muscle dysfunction, corneal involvement, and optic neuropathy). Results: In study 1, ophthalmopathy progressed in 4 of 68 nonsmokers (5.9% [95% CI, 3% to 9%]) and 19 of 82 smokers (23.2% [CI, 13% to 33%]) who received radioiodine alone (P = 0.007). Ophthalmopathy was alleviated in 37 of 58 nonsmokers (63.8% [CI, 51% to 78%]) and 13 of 87 smokers (14.9% [CI, 10% to 26%]) who received radioiodine plus prednisone (P < 0.001). In study 2, 61 of 65 nonsmokers (93.8% [CI, 90% to 98%]) and 58 of 85 smokers (68.2% [CI, 57% to 78%]) responded to treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking increases the risk for progression of ophthalmopathy after radioiodine therapy and decreases the efficacy of orbital radiation therapy and glucocorticoid therapy.
Hallucinations During Delirium Tremens
Authors: Neill F. David
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  The scholarly aspects of Gilbert's letter about hallucinations from levodopa (235:597, 1976) are beyond my ken or pen. However, when he writes about hallucinations of delirium tremens, he implies that the shaking drunkard does not see people. Gilbert is dead wrong!  A man bedded down on an open ward of a large city hospital during his bout of delirium tremens jumped from a second-story window to escape little men who were pursuing him with pitchforks. A neuropsychiatry resident at Boston City Hospital during the 1920s was treated to a binge by his fellow house officers and drank enough bathtub gin to put him soundly asleep. His friends then hired members of a troup of midgets, garbed in bright blue suits, to perch themselves on articles of furniture in the resident's room and await his awakening. When he did wake up, he was more than somewhat shook (a
Abstract 671: Smoking, alcohol consumption and body size measures and risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma among women in Los Angeles
Authors: Yani Lu, Sophia Wang, Jane Sullivan-Halley, Wendy Cozen, Leslie Bernstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: There are few known causes for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The aim of this study is to identify if previous suggested modifiable risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption and body size measures) are associated with B-cell NHL risk among women. Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study among women in Los Angeles County consisting of 998 histologically confirmed B-cell NHL patients and 998 individually matched controls (matched on age, race and socioeconomic status). Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate these associations. Results: Compared to never smokers, current smokers had 51% increased risk of B-cell NHL (odds ratio [OR] =1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.10-2.09). The risk of B-cell NHL increased with increasing smoking years (P-trend=0.03) and pack-years (P-trend=0.02). This risk pattern was observed for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma although these associations were not statistically significant. Current alcohol consumption decreased B-cell NHL risk (OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.60-0.94) with risk most pronounced among women with moderate lifetime consumption (1-&amp;lt;7 drinks/week). Women who were obese at 5 years before diagnosis had an increased risk of B-cell NHL (OR=1.70, 95% CI=1.28-2.26). Among NHL subtypes, the increased risk was most pronounced for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) (OR=1.94, 95% CI=1.07-3.52). Conclusions: These findings add to the literature regarding the potential importance of modifiable risk factors and NHL risk. Our results suggest that smoking and obesity may increase NHL risk, but moderate alcohol consumption may reduce NHL risk. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 671. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-671
Get a distinction award
Authors: S. Lingam
Journal: BMJ (1999)

There are major changes in the way distinction awards are made to consultants in England and Wales. A more transparent, fair, and open system is in operation. The awards round for the year 2000 is starting now, and consultants are asked to apply. The closing date is 28 January 2000, but any consultant who wishes to apply should begin the paper work now as it takes some time to complete. Consultants also need to get support for their applications from various organisations.

All consultants working for the NHS —whether employed full time, part time, maximum part time, or honorary contracts—are eligible, except those employed in a locum capacity. The age limit for granting awards is 62, so, for the next round, consultants born on or after 30 September 1937 are eligible. A consultant without any discretionary points can also apply.

You will need copies of all the documentation relating to the distinction awards scheme. NHS staff can obtain copies from their employer locally (usually from the medical director). You can also get copies from the home page of the Advisory Committee on Distinction Awards (ACDA) on the Department of Health's website (www.open.gov.uk/doh/nhsexec/acda.htm). Your medical director will have a hard copy of the ACDA guide.

One route to an award is to prepare a curriculum vitae on the form required by the ACDA and give it to the BMA's regional consultant and specialist committee. You should speak with several committee members and discuss your particular merits, contributions, and achievements with them. If you do not know who to contact in your region telephone your local BMA office …
P3-023: Preliminary results of an escalating dose phase I /II clinical trial of the anti EGFR monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab in combination with external radiotherapy in patients diagnosed with stage IIB, III or IV NSCLC unsuitable for radical therapy
Authors: Gwyn Bebb, Colum Smith, K O'Rourke, Anthony Brade, Igor Sherman
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Clotting and dialysis.
Authors: R. A. Eady
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Neither this nor A.C.T.H. had ever previously been given to this patient Twelve weekly in- jections were tolerated without incident and with marked improvement in her eczema.A few minutes after the thirteenth injection, however, she developed a severe widespread urticaria associated with nausea, dizziness, and exhaustion.She was treated with intramuscular chlorpheniramine and 1:1,000 adrenaline.One hour prior to injection the following week she was given chlorpheniramine 12 mg., but despite this pro- ceeded to develop widespread urticaria with trembling and irritation, again requiring adrenaline.
Southpaws—Somewhat Scrawnier
Authors: Stanley Coren
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In normal populations, there is the suggestion that left-handedness may be associated with delayed physical maturation.<sup>1</sup>For example, in a sample of 713 females, the onset of puberty was denoted by the age of menarche and relative body size, while for a sample of 467 males, the index of sexual maturity was the onset of secondary sexual characteristics (body hair) as well as relative body size. This study found that left-handedness is associated with delayed sexual maturation in both genders. The difference in the onset of the pubertal growth spurt might suggest, among other things, that left-handers may have slighter body builds as a function of the delayed maturation pattern. To test this hypothesis, I took, as a convenience sample, data from<i>The Baseball Encyclopedia</i><sup>2</sup>on all 3707 pitchers who ever played major league baseball up to 1975 to determine the relative body size of