tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE REGULATION OF PINOCYTOSIS IN MOUSE MACROPHAGES
Authors: Zanvil A. Cohn, Eileen Parks
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

The pinocytosis-inducing effect of a number of molecular species was studied in cultures of mouse macrophages. Agents were added to a basal medium containing 1% NBCS-No. 199 and allowed to interact with cells for 150 min. Vesicle counts were then performed and compared to control cells in the basal medium. Certain proteins, i.e. albumin and fetuin, with isoelectric points of five and below were found to be potent stimulators of vesicle formation. Basic proteins including lysozyme, histone, and protamine had little influence at sublethal concentrations. The pinocytosis-stimulating activity of bovine plasma albumin could be markedly depressed by removal of bound fatty acids. The addition of either oleic or linoleic acid to de-fatted albumin restored its inducing properties to initial levels. The activity of fetuin could be abolished by either mild acid hydrolysis or neuraminidase digestion. Both procedures removed the majority of the sialic acid content of fetuin. The D and L isomers of polyglutamic acid were found to produce a marked increase in pinosome production. In contrast, poly-DL-lysine was not effective. Neutral and basic amino acids were without significant effect on pinocytosis, whereas aspartic and glutamic acids were stimulatory. The amides of glutamic and aspartic acid did not induce pinocytosis. The unnatural D isomers of glutamic, aspartic, leucine, and phenylalanine inhibited pinocytosis. The inhibition by D-glutamic acid could be reversed with the L isomer. A number of acid mucopolysaccharides, including heparin, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate, were excellent inducers. High molecular weight dextran was without significant stimulatory effect whereas dextran sulfate was very active. Both desoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid enhanced pinosome formation. A number of low molecular weight anions including N-acetylneuraminic acid were found to enhance vesicle formation. In general, anionic molecules were better inducers than either neutral or cationic species. The minimum effective dose of macroanions was a function of molecular weight and their activity appeared unrelated to specific chemical groupings.
Serum adiponectin is associated with homocysteine in elderly men and women, and with 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in a sex-dependent manner
Authors: Rachel Dankner, Angela Chetrit, Havi Murad, Ben-Ami Sela, Jan Frystyk, Itamar Raz, Allan Flyvbjerg
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
Sarcoidosis Demonstrated by FDG PET Imaging With Negative Findings on Gallium Scintigraphy
Authors: Yan Xiu, Jian Q. Yu, Edgar Cheng, Rakesh Kumar, Abass Alavi, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

The manifestations of sarcoidosis are protean and have been well described. Conventionally, gallium-67 scan is used to evaluate sarcoidosis in nuclear medicine. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) has been successfully used in the evaluation of cancers. However, FDG is not a tumor-specific radiotracer and can also accumulate in the sarcoid lesions. We present a case of sarcoidosis, which demonstrated an unremarkable gallium-67 scintigraphy but showed extensive FDG uptake in the chest and the brain on PET imaging.
A175: Dysbiosis of the Enteric Microbiota in Pediatric Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Matthew L. Stoll, Ranjit Kumar, Casey Morrow, Elliot Lefkowitz
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose:

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) affects 1% of the population in the United States. Studies have shown altered flora (dysbiosis) in a variety of inflammatory conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease. We hypothesized that we would identify dysbiosis in pediatric SpA.



Methods:

Patients were children with enthesitisrelated arthritis. Controls were either healthy children from the community or subjects seen in our clinic and diagnosed with non-inflammatory causes of joint pain. Stool specimens were collected at home and shipped overnight via commercial carrier. Purified DNA underwent PCR amplification using primers designed to the conserved region flanking the variable IV region from the 16S rDNA gene. The PCR products were run on the miSeq. Analysis was performed with the Quantitative Insight into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) suite. Pairwise comparisons of individual taxa were performed with the Mann-Whitney U-test, and multiple-group comparisons were performed with the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Nominal data was evaluated with the Chi-Squared or Fisher's exact test.



Results:

28 children with SpA age (median, range) 14, 7–18 and 13 controls age 13, 5–17 were included. 3 of the subjects had IBD. 21 patients and no controls were on immunosuppressive therapy. The SpA patients had significantly less faecalibacterium (11% vs 4.8%, p = 0.006) and a non-significant increase in bacteroides (19% vs 11%, p = 0.216). Additionally, akkermansia was present in low quantities in most patients, but was relatively abundant (>2%) in 0/13 controls compared to 8/28 patients (p = 0.040.) Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA; Figure 1) demonstrated that while most of the patients clustered with the controls, 10 patients formed their own cluster. Phylogenetic tree analysis (Figure 2) likewise demonstrated a small cluster of 10 subjects (9 patients and 1 control) who formed their own cluster separate from other subjects, 8 of whom corresponded to the indicated cluster from the PCoA. These 8 subjects demonstrated significantly increased bacteroides (p < 0.001) and decreased faecalibacterium (p = 0.022) compared to the remainder of the subjects. In contrast, none the patients in this cluster, compared to 8/20 who clustered with the controls, had elevated levels of akkermansia (p = 0.005, Chi-Squared). 




Figure 1. Output of Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of 16S sequencing data. Spondyloarthritis patients are shown in blue, controls in red.

Download figure to PowerPoint





Figure 2. Output of unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) analysis of 16S sequencing data. Controls are indicated with asterisks.

Download figure to PowerPoint




Conclusion:

We demonstrate decreased faecalibacterium among patients with SpA, consistent with a suspected anti-inflammatory effect of f. prausnitzii. We also introduce akkermansia as a possible pathogenetic species in a subset of SpA patients.
Update in Endocrinology: Evidence Published in 2012
Authors: Janet A. Schlechte
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Updates4 June 2013Update in Endocrinology: Evidence Published in 2012Janet A. Schlechte, MDJanet A. Schlechte, MDFrom the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00106 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This article summarizes studies published in 2012 that will influence practice of endocrinology and diabetes. Studies were identified from among the highest-rated and most-accessed articles in ACP JournalWise. In diabetes, a large trial showed no adverse cardiovascular consequences of long-term insulin use and no effect of insulin on rates of cancer. A trial of metformin, rosiglitazone, and lifestyle intervention in obese youth with type 2 diabetes showed that treatment failed in half of the participants over approximately 4 years. In 2 randomized, controlled trials, glycemic control rapidly improved after bariatric surgery. In thyroid medicine, low- and high-dose radioiodine along with ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Janet A. Schlechte, MDAffiliations: From the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.Disclosures: None disclosed. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M13-0273.Corresponding Author: Janet A. Schlechte, MD, E401-1 GH, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Author Contributions: Conception and design: J.A. Schlechte.Drafting of the article: J.A. Schlechte.Final approval of the article: J.A. Schlechte.This article was published at www.annals.org on 11 April 2013. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRandomised comparison of 1.1 GBq and 3.7 GBq radioiodine to ablate the thyroid in the treatment of low-risk thyroid cancer: a 13-year follow-upCurrent controversies in the initial post-surgical radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer: a narrative review 4 June 2013Volume 158, Issue 11Page: 821-824KeywordsBone mineral densityCalciumGlucoseInsulinOsteopeniaOsteoporosisThyroidThyroid-stimulating hormoneType 2 diabetesVitamin D ePublished: 4 June 2013 Issue Published: 4 June 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein is mediated through the first transmembrane domain
Authors: Kam-Leung Siu, Chi-Ping Chan, Kin-Hang Kok, Patrick Chiu-Yat Woo, Dong-Yan Jin
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)

Coronaviruses have developed various measures to evade innate immunity. We have previously shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus M protein suppresses type I interferon (IFN) production by impeding the formation of functional TRAF3-containing complex. In this study, we demonstrate that the IFN-antagonizing activity is specific to SARS coronavirus M protein and is mediated through its first transmembrane domain (TM1) located at the N terminus. M protein from human coronavirus HKU1 does not inhibit IFN production. Whereas N-linked glycosylation of SARS coronavirus M protein has no influence on IFN antagonism, TM1 is indispensable for the suppression of IFN production. TM1 targets SARS coronavirus M protein and heterologous proteins to the Golgi apparatus, yet Golgi localization is required but not sufficient for IFN antagonism. Mechanistically, TM1 is capable of binding with RIG-I, TRAF3, TBK1 and IKKε, and preventing the interaction of TRAF3 with its downstream effectors. Our work defines the molecular architecture of SARS coronavirus M protein required for suppression of innate antiviral response.
Late Hemodynamic Complications of Anastomotic Surgery for Treatment of the Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: RICHARD S. ROSS, HELEN B. TAUSSIG, MELVIN H. EVANS
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Seventeen patients with late hemodynamic complications of anastomotic surgery for the tetralogy of Fallot have been studied. Two syndromes have been noted and both seem related to shunts of greater than ideal size. The clinical characteristics of these syndromes are delineated.
Balloon Dilation is Preferable to Bougienage in Children with Esophageal Atresia
Authors: T. Lang, H.-P. Hümmer, R. Behrens
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Esophageal strictures are a common problem after surgical repair in children with esophageal atresia. The traditional procedure in these patients is dilation using bougie dilators, usually controlled fluoroscopically or endoscopically. Nowadays, an alternative technique is balloon-catheter dilation. The aim of this study was to report our experience with pneumatic balloon dilation and to compare this method with previously performed bougienage with regard to efficacy.Over 16 years, 34 patients who developed symptomatic strictures were encountered at our institution. In the first 9 years 12 patients underwent 178 bougienages (group C). In the last 7 years six patients who had undergone 202 previous bougienages (group B), and 16 patients who had undergone no bougienages (group A), underwent 52 dilations. The dilation was carried out under intravenous sedation using a combination of midazolam and etomidate. The balloon was placed in the stricture endoscopically and the procedure was performed under fluoroscopic and endoscopic control.In all patients the dilation was effective and involved minimal trauma. The strictures required 1 to 7 procedures (median 2) over a maximum of 18 months (median 3 months) for a good treatment result. The complications observed were two perforations, one of them with pneumothorax (both treated conservatively), and two compressions of the trachea (interruption of the procedure, but efficient dilation was eventually achieved). The method was more effective than bougienage (1 to 60 bougienages were required per patient, median 9).Compared with traditional bougienage, balloon dilation of esophageal strictures is less traumatic and more effective. Complications are rare and can be managed conservatively. In our opinion this procedure is the appropriate treatment for strictures, even in very small infants, after repair of esophageal atresia.
Negativity bias and basic values
Authors: Shalom H. Schwartz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Basic values explain more variance in political attitudes and preferences than other personality and sociodemographic variables. The values most relevant to the political domain are those likely to reflect the degree of negativity bias. Value conflicts that represent negativity bias clarify differences between what worries conservatives and liberals and suggest that relations between ideology and negativity bias are linear.
Prognostic Role of T-Regulatory Cells in Completely Resected Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
Authors: F. Kose, H. Abali, A. Fındıkcıoglu, T. Canpolat, A.A. Besen, A.T. Sumbul, H. Mertsoylu, A.M. Sedef, O. Ozyilkan
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Gall-bladder Dyspepsia
Authors: E. W. Sheaf
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Those who support the concept of centrifugal flow in the cortex-point to the great rarity of arteries in the outer third, which have never been visually demonstrated even by writers who have diligently sought them out,7-9 despite the apparent ease with which they could be filled, if they existed.Professor Trueta in his article has claimed to demonstrate them by electron micro- scopy.His photographs, which presum- ably are his best, are printed as negatives, contrary to accepted practice, and are therefore difficult to assess, especially without benefit of technical details, such as mode of fixation and precise site of origin of the ultra-thin sections.In the knowledge that these are prone to arti- fact formation even in the best of hands, and open to misinterpretation, the interested reader will come to his own opinion as to their evidential value.Another technique used by Professor Trueta to show periosteal arteries in bone cortex, the tetracycline injection method and ultra-violet microscopy, gives, if anything, additional proof of the regular capillary nature of the vessels in compact bone, a fact in support of the centrifugal flow concept and anyway far better and more easily demonstrated by Indian ink perfusion.It is surprising that Professor Trueta should refrain from demonstrating periosteal arterial channels regularly passing into the outer cortex of normal bones, using the perfusion tech- nique of which he is rightly an acknow- ledged master.This should not be so difficult; even a small capillary is 5 /A in diameter and can be seen easily by medium power light microscopy.Until arterial channels are demonstrated to be a regular feature of the outer com- pactum, the concept of centrifugal flow in the cortex of long bones, as originally enunciated in 1957,' may be said to reflect the facts of cortical circulation better than the older view supported by Professor Trueta.-Iam, etc.,
The "Butterfly" Eruption
Authors: Kenneth M. Halprin
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Physicians are aware of the distinctive malar flush or  eruption which characterizes systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (Fig 1). The other butterfly eruptions illustrated in this section are associated with unrelated dermatologic conditions of no great medical concern. Needless anxiety for either patient or physician may be avoided if the lesions are examined for the characteristic morphologic signs.  Seborrheic dermatitis of the malar areas may appear as a symmetrical erythema involving the butterfly area. The lesion is granular to the touch and is covered by a greasy scale (Fig 2) unlike the erythema, edema, and telangiectasia of SLE. Erythema and scaling of the scalp, eyebrows, and retroauricular areas as well as marginal blepharitis are also usually found.  Acne rosacea of the malar areas presents a more difficult diagnostic problem (Fig 3) since telangiectasia is a constant feature which with the erythema may easily be confused with SLE. Unlike SLE acneiform
Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy
Authors: Danny M. Burns
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two different mutations in codon 68 are observed in Hb G‐Philadelphia heterozygotes
Authors: T. P. Molchanova, D. D. Pobedimskaya, Z. Ye, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract Through sequencing of amplified DNA containing the appropriate α‐giobin genes we have identified the base substitution leading to the formation of Hb G‐Philadelphia [α6B(El7)Asn Lys]. Three subjects (∼25% Hb G) had an AAC AAA change at codon 68 of the α2‐globin gene; the chromosome with this mutation carried two α genes (αα). Six subjects (∼33% Hb G) had an AAC AAG change at the same codon of the α2α1 hybrid gene on a chromosome with the 3.7 kb deletion (‐α 3.7 ). These results indicate two inde pendent mutations which likely occurred in different populations; Increase In the level of Hb G is primarily dependent upon the loss of one or more α‐globin genes. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ED-33 * ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA: SHOULD BE TREATED IN A DIFFERENT WAY?
Authors: M. A. V. Salgado, J. M. del Toro, J. A. G. Cerco, L. L. Urzaiz, A. C. Mena, H. Pian, V. P. Olmos, A. G. Rueda, M. D. A. de Pedro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The management of glioblastoma (GB) in elderly patients is not well established, since until recently they have been excluded from randomized trials and there are concerns about the toxicity. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed 53 patients at a single institution from 2005 to 2013. Patients were 70 years of age and older with histologically confirmed GB. RESULTS: Median age was 75 years (70-88y). Fifty-six percent men, 43% women. Majority had some kind of minor morbidity (89%), mainly arterial hypertension (55%). Complete resection was performed in 52%. Biopsy in 8%. 90% had presurgical KPS >70. Seven (14%) had worse KPS after surgery. 71% received radiotherapy, in 45% 60 Gy and in 26% 30 Gy. Nearly 40% were treated with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. The median number of cycles was 4,43 (1-14). 6% had grade 3 or 4 neutropenia or trombocitopenia. 24% had grade 1 asthenia or nausea and vomits. Median overall survival (OS) for the whole cohort was 7,36 m (95% CI 4,8-9,8). Median progression free survival was 5.9 m (3-8.7m). Treatment with temozolomide concomitant and adjuvant (Stupp regimen) was associated with longer OS (11,16 vs 4,1m p = 0.008 ). The median OS was 8,3 m. for those who received radiotherapy and 1,5m for those who did not (p = 0,046). No statistical differences were found between those treated with 60 or 30 Gy (p = 0.143). Nearly 10% was older than 80. Median OS in these patients was 4,2m even though 71% had a complete resection. CONCLUSION: In our experience, in selected patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma over the age of 70, more intensive treatment was associated with prolonged OS, and results are close to those obtained in younger patients. Nevertheless these are retrospective data, selection bias should be considerer. Further randomized trial should be conducted to investigate this topic.
Response of Cuban Children to Oral Vaccination with Living Attenuated Poliovirus Vaccines
Authors: J. Embil
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Paralytic poliomyelitis occurs in Cuba as a sporadic disease in early childhood, with periodic relatively small outbreaks.Most of the cases are in children under 5 years of age, and less than 15% are in those over 10 years.In the period 1946 to 1957, with the exception of three years, the annual number of reported cases varied from 10 to 100.In 1946, 1952, and 1955 there were reported respectively 343, 494, and 267 cases (Pan- American Sanitary Bureau, 1958a, 1958b).Paul, Melnick, and Riordan (1952) suggest that perhaps only 50 to 75% of the actual cases occurring in Cuba are recorded.These authors collected 82 sera in a 1950 survey, and demonstrated the presence of Lansing-type poliovirus antibodies in 64% of the children aged 1 to 4 years and in 75% of those aged 5 to 9 years.Our data indicate that all three types of poliovirus are widespread in the Havana metropolitan districts, and *A " city " for orphan and destitute children similar to Father Flannagan's in " Boys-Town," Indiana, U.S.A.
Biomedical Ethics Reviews: Stem Cell Research
Authors: Stuart G. Finder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes18 May 2004Biomedical Ethics Reviews: Stem Cell ResearchStuart G. Finder, PhDStuart G. Finder, PhDFrom Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-10-200405180-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Humber JM, Almeder RF, eds. 184 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana Pr; 2004. $49.50. ISBN 1588294013. Order phone 973-256-1699.Field of medicine: Medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Individuals with limited exposure to or understanding of the ethical rationales used in the debate between pro– and anti–stem-cell research factions.Purpose: To introduce readers to central arguments used by those who favor and those who oppose embryonic stem-cell research.Content: The book's 7 chapters naturally divide into 2 sections. The first section, consisting of the first 3 chapters, narrowly focuses on the core question of the moral status of human embryos (thus, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 May 2004Volume 140, Issue 10Page: 852KeywordsBioethicsEmbryonic stem cellsEmbryosHealth careMedical ethicsPublic policyScience policyScientistsSoftware toolsStem cells ePublished: 18 May 2004 Issue Published: 18 May 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...