tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Can Radiosensitivity and Histopathology of Cervical Cancer Be Correlated?
Authors: Alfred Glucksmann
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The histopathology of cervical cancers can be correlated with the local radiocurability for (1) groups of cases and (2) the individual patient.   The histological type of carcinoma influences the local radiocurability, since the five-year symptom-free survival rates are significantly better for cases with mature than for those with anaplastic carcinomas of the same clinical stage of the disease (Table 1). In addition to the series of 898 patients quoted in the introduction 3 a series of 1,633 cases 11 classified at the time of starting treatment between 1946 and 1953 gives very similar results.  These figures show that (1) for the same clinical stage, differentiating (ie, mature) tumors are more amenable to radiotherapy than anaplastic cancers; (2) the incidence of mature types decreases and that of anaplastic forms increases with increasing clinical stage, ie, the latter account for 67% in stage I, 77% in stage II, and 85% in stages
Biochemical Characteristics of 5′-Nucleotidase and Diagnostic Utilization of Its Activity in Human Serum.
Authors: Oscar Bodansky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Biochemical Characteristics of 5′-Nucleotidase and Diagnostic Utilization of Its Activity in Human Serum.Oscar Bodansky, M.D., Ph.D., Morton K. Schwartz, Ph.D., Martin L. Feingold, M.D., C. S. Song, M.D.Oscar Bodansky, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Morton K. Schwartz, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Martin L. Feingold, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. S. Song, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1031_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt5′-Nucleotidase activity, mediating the liberation of inorganic phosphate from 5′-nucleotides, has been known to be present in human tissues, and its elevation in serum has been previously reported to indicate hepatobiliary disease. The present communication reviews recent work in this laboratory on the purification of this enzyme from human liver and on the comparison of its kinetic properties with those of the enzyme from bull semen and from rat liver. By means of techniques for isolating subcellular structural components in a state free from crosscontamination, 5′-nucleotidase of the rat liver was shown to be localized in the membranous component of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Oscar Bodansky, M.D., Ph.D.; Morton K. Schwartz, Ph.D.; Martin L. Feingold, M.D.; C. S. Song, M.D.Affiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1031-1031KeywordsEnzymesLiverPhosphatesResearch laboratoriesSemen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Activation of Rac1 promotes hedgehog-mediated acquisition of the myofibroblastic phenotype in rat and human hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Steve S. Choi, Rafal P. Witek, Liu Yang, Alessia Omenetti, Wing-Kin Syn, Cynthia A. Moylan, Youngmi Jung, Gamze F. Karaca, Vanessa S. Teaberry, Thiago A. Pereira, Jiangbo Wang, Xiu-Rong Ren, Anna Mae Diehl
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Hepatic accumulation of myofibroblastic hepatic stellate cells (MF-HSCs) is pivotal in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis. Two events are necessary for MF-HSCs to accumulate in damaged livers: transition of resident, quiescent hepatic stellate cells (Q-HSCs) to MF-HSCs and expansion of MF-HSC numbers through increased proliferation and/or reduced apoptosis. In this study, we identified two novel mediators of MF-HSC accumulation: Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) and Hedgehog (Hh). It is unclear whether Rac1 and Hh interact to regulate the accumulation of MF-HSCs. We evaluated the hypothesis that Rac1 promotes activation of the Hh pathway, thereby stimulating signals that promote transition of Q-HSCs into MF-HSCs and enhance the viability of MF-HSCs. Using both in vitro and in vivo model systems, Rac1 activity was manipulated through adenoviral vector-mediated delivery of constitutively active or dominant-negative rac1. Rac1-transgenic mice with targeted myofibroblast expression of a mutated human rac1 transgene that produces constitutively active Rac1 were also examined. Results in all models demonstrated that activating Rac1 in HSC enhanced Hh signaling, promoted acquisition/maintenance of the MF-HSC phenotype, increased MF-HSC viability, and exacerbated fibrogenesis. Conversely, inhibiting Rac1 with dominant-negative rac1 reversed these effects in all systems examined. Pharmacologic manipulation of Hh signaling demonstrated that profibrogenic actions of Rac1 were mediated by its ability to activate Hh pathway-dependent mechanisms that stimulated myofibroblastic transition of HSCs and enhanced MF-HSC viability. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that interactions between Rac1 and the Hh pathway control the size of MF-HSC populations and have important implications for the pathogenesis of cirrhosis. Hepatology 2010
Unique reassortant of influenza A(H7N9) virus associated with severe disease emerging in Hong Kong
Authors: Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Wenjun Song, Siu-Ying Lau, Tak-Lun Que, David Christopher Lung, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)
Ventricular Fibrillation in a Medically Supervised Cardiac Exercise Program
Authors: Gerald F. Fletcher
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Five patients with ischemic heart disease were resuscitated after experiencing ventricular fibrillation in a medically supervised exercise program. Four subsequently had successful myocardial revascularization (three prior to hospital discharge), and three have returned to an exercise prescription of reduced intensity. Multivessel operative coronary disease is common in patients experiencing ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation may occur unpredictably (two to 48 months) in duration of exercise. Exercise fitness centers for such patients should be medically supervised and equipped with a defibrillator and appropriate drugs. (<i>JAMA</i>238:2627-2629, 1977)
THE LIMITATIONS OF FORMALDEHYDE IN DISINFECTION.
Authors: ELBERT W. ROCKWOOD
Journal: JAMA (1898)

If formaldehyde or formic aldehyde is to be extensively used as a disinfectant, as now seems probable, it is important that the medical profession should know its limitations as well as its power, since either the use of a worthless disinfectant or the improper use of a valuable one is but little removed from a criminal act. Recent experiments indicate that only under certain conditions can we be reasonably sure of destroying pathogenic organisms by means of formaldehyde. The compound is a gas of which the specific gravity is very nearly that of air. We should expect, therefore, that it would be slow to diffuse where air must be displaced. Pfuhl has shown (<i>Zeit. für Hygiene</i>, Vol. XXII, p. 339, Vol. XXIV, p. 289) that where it is present in sufficient quantities it sterilizes the surface of exposed objects, though its penetrating power is small. Similar results have been obtained
Incidence and prognosis of asthma and wheezing illness from early childhood to age 33 in a national British cohort
Authors: D. P Strachan, B. K Butland, H R. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To describe the incidence and prognosis of wheezing illness from birth to age 33 and the relation of incidence to perinatal, medical, social, environmental, and lifestyle factors. <b>Design</b>: Prospective longitudinal study. <b>Setting</b>: England, Scotland, and Wales. <b>Subjects</b>: 18 559 people born on 3-9 March 1958. 5801 (31%) contributed information at ages 7, 11, 16, 23, and 33 years. Attrition bias was evaluated using information on 14 571 (79%) subjects. <b>Main outcome measure</b>: History of asthma, wheezy bronchitis, or wheezing obtained from interview with subjects9 parents at ages 7, 11, and 16 and reported at interview by subjects at ages 23 and 33. <b>Results</b>: The cumulative incidence of wheezing illness was 18% by age 7, 24% by age 16, and 43% by age 33. Incidence during childhood was strongly and independently associated with pneumonia, hay fever, and eczema. There were weaker independent associations with male sex, third trimester antepartum haemorrhage, whooping cough, recurrent abdominal pain, and migraine. Incidence from age 17 to 33 was associated strongly with active cigarette smoking and a history of hay fever. There were weaker independent associations with female sex, maternal albuminuria during pregnancy, and histories of eczema and migraine. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was weakly and inconsistently related to childhood wheezing but was a stronger and significant independent predictor of incidence after age 16. Among 880 subjects who developed asthma or wheezy bronchitis from birth to age 7, 50% had attacks in the previous year at age 7; 18% at 11, 10% at 16, 10% at 23, and 27% at 33. Relapse at 33 after prolonged remission of childhood wheezing was more common among current smokers and atopic subjects. <b>Conclusion</b>: Atopy and active cigarette smoking are major influences on the incidence and recurrence of wheezing during adulthood. <h3>Key messages</h3> Incidence of wheezing illness at all ages was strongly and consistently related to a history of hay fever or eczema (atopy). Associations with maternal smoking during pregnancy, abdominal pain, and migraine were largely confined to those without atopy Active smoking was a powerful and potentially avoidable risk factor for wheeze starting in adult life among both atopic and non-atopic subjects A quarter of the children with a history of asthma or wheezy bronchitis by age 7 reported wheeze in the past year at age 33 Recurrence of wheezing after prolonged remis- sion during late adolescence was strongly associ- ated with atopy and cigarette smoking.
Are all types of vertical information created equal?
Authors: Steven M. Weisberg, Nora S. Newcombe
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

The vertical component of space occurs in two distinct fashions in natural environments. One kind of verticality is orthogonal-to-horizontal (as in climbing trees, operating in volumetric spaces such as water or air, or taking elevators in multilevel buildings). Another kind of verticality, which might be functionally distinct, comes from navigating on sloped terrain (as in traversing hills or ramps).
Hemodynamic compromise (tricuspid stenosis and insufficiency) caused by an unruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva
Authors: Kenneth L. Gibbs, Michael J. Reardon, Neil E. Strickman, Carlos M. de Castro, Joseph A. Gerard, James L. Rycyna, Robert J. Hall, Denton A. Cooley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Recipients of the HeartWare Ventricular Assist System
Authors: Daniel J. Goldstein, Keith D. Aaronson, Antone J. Tatooles, Scott C. Silvestry, Valluvan Jeevanandam, Robert Gordon, David R. Hathaway, Kevin B. Najarian, Mark S. Slaughter
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2015)
Cetuximab Pharmacokinetics Influences Progression-Free Survival of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Nicolas Azzopardi, Thierry Lecomte, David Ternant, Michelle Boisdron-Celle, Friedrich Piller, Alain Morel, Valérie Gouilleux-Gruart, Céline Vignault-Desvignes, Hervé Watier, Erick Gamelin, Gilles Paintaud
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: An ancillary phase II study was conducted to study interindividual variability in cetuximab pharmacokinetics and its influence on progression-free survival (PFS) in metastatic colorectal cancer patients cotreated with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil. Experimental Design: Ninety-six patients received cetuximab as an infusion loading dose of 400 mg/m2 followed by weekly infusions of 250 mg/m2. Doses of irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil were adjusted individually. Cetuximab concentrations were measured by ELISA. Compartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by a population approach, and PFS was analyzed using a Cox model. Results: Cetuximab pharmacokinetics was best described using a two-compartment model with both first-order and saturable (zero-order) elimination. Estimated pharmacokinetic parameters (% standard error) were as follows: central volume of distribution V1 = 2.96 L (4%), peripheral volume of distribution V2 = 4.65 L (6%), elimination clearance CL = 0.497 L/d (4%), distribution clearance Q = 0.836 L/d (8%), and zero-order elimination rate k0 = 8.71 mg/d (10%). Body surface area influenced V1, V2, and k0. Pretreatment serum albumin influenced CL. Risk of disease progression decreased with cetuximab global clearance (cumulative dose/cumulative area under the concentration versus time curve; P = 0.00016). Median PFS of patients with a cetuximab residual concentration on day 14 below median value was 3.3 months as compared with 7.8 months for the other patients (P = 0.004). Conclusions: Cetuximab pharmacokinetics in colorectal cancer patients can be described using a model combining linear and nonlinear elimination rates. PFS is influenced by global clearance of cetuximab, a parameter that can be estimated using cetuximab residual concentration on day 14. Clin Cancer Res; 17(19); 6329–37. ©2011 AACR.
The Role of Peritraumatic Dissociation and Gender in the Association Between Trauma and Mental Health in a Palestinian Community Sample
Authors: Raija-Leena Punamäki, Ivan H. Komproe, Samir Qouta, Mustafa Elmasri, Joop T.V.M. de Jong
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: This research focused on gender-specific trauma exposure and mental health symptoms among Palestinians living in conditions of military violence. It also examined the gender-specific role of peritraumatic dissociation in moderating the association between lifetime trauma and mental health. METHOD: A random sample of 311 Palestinian women and 274 men ages 16–60 years from the Gaza Strip participated. The subjects were asked about lifetime trauma and peritraumatic dissociation during their most severe traumatic experience. Mental health was indicated by total scores and diagnostic variables of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, mood (depression), and somatization disorders. Symptoms of hostility were assessed as a total score. RESULTS: The women reported a lower level of lifetime trauma than the men, but exposure to trauma was associated with PTSD among both genders. Exposure to lifetime trauma was further associated with anxiety, mood, and somatoform disorders only among women but not among men. No gender differences were found in the level of peritraumatic dissociation. Analyses on moderating effects showed that peritraumatic dissociation made both men and women more vulnerable to symptoms of hostility and men to depressive symptoms when they were exposed to lifetime trauma. CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with previous studies in more peaceful conditions: men experience more traumatic events, whereas exposure is associated with more severe psychiatric disorders among women. Peritraumatic dissociation as an acute response to trauma constituted a risk for mental health symptoms in both genders.
Acral cutaneous melanoma in caucasians: clinical features, histopathology and prognosis in 112 patients
Authors: C. Kuchelmeister, G. Schaumburg-Lever, C. Garbe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is the fourth distinct variant of cutaneous melanoma. The histological diagnosis and prognosis of ALM are still controversial.To review the features of a large series of patients with ALM, and confirm the validity of the histological criteria for this type of melanoma.A collection of 2642 patients with cutaneous melanoma was recorded during the period 1986-97, among these 187 were located on acral sites. Histological specimens were reviewed in 112 acral melanomas; the following study is based on this subgroup.Histological examination revealed acral lentiginous melanomas predominantly in palmoplantar and subungual locations (60%), while superficial spreading melanomas (SSM) were found mainly on the dorsal aspects of hands and feet (30%). Nodular melanomas (NM) (9%) occurred in all acral sites. The histological re-examination confirmed the characteristics of ALM as described by Reed in 1976. With increasing tumour thickness nesting of tumour cells and upward migration to the cornified layer was similarly observed. The 5-year survival rate for patients with primary acral melanoma without recognizable metastasis was 82%. ALM differed significantly in survival from SSM (P = 0.001) and lentigo maligna melanoma (P < 0. 001), but survival rates were similar to NM (P = 0.9).ALM, as diagnosed by current histological criteria, occur on the palms, soles and subungual sites, and have a poor prognosis.
Dermatitis artefacta and artefactual skin disease: the need for a psychodermatology multidisciplinary team to treat a difficult condition
Authors: P. Mohandas, A. Bewley, R. Taylor
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Dermatitis artefacta and artefactual skin disease: the need for a psychodermatology multidisciplinary team to treat a difficult condition Get access P. Mohandas, P. Mohandas Whipps Cross University Hospital London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Bewley, A. Bewley Whipps Cross University Hospital London U.KThe Royal London Hospital London U.K Correspondence Anthony Bewley. E‐mail: anthony.bewley@bartsandthelondon.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Taylor R. Taylor The Royal London Hospital London U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 169, Issue 3, 1 September 2013, Pages 600–606, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12416 Published: 01 September 2013
Diabetes in American Indians: A Growing Problem
Authors: D M Gohdes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a major health problem in American Indian communities. Indian Health Service (IHS) collects information about outpatient visits and hospitalizations and analyzes mortality in American Indians and native Alaskans. Between October 1, 1982, and September 30, 1983 (fiscal year 1983), diabetes was the second leading clinical impression for all outpatient visits of patients 15 yr and older. Discharge diagnoses confirm both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Seventy-six percent of all IHS hospitalizations during fiscal year 1983 for lower-extremity amputation also coded diabetes. In 1982, the age-adjusted diabetes death rate per 100,000 was 19.9 for American Indians and native Alaskans, compared with 9.6 for all races in the United States.
Facilitating Patient-Specific Decisions Regarding Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Noel S. Weiss
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —Dr Col and colleagues 1 sought to estimate the degree to which the use of HRT influences life expectancy. As 1 step in this process, they had to estimate the effect of HRT on the risk of a variety of health outcomes among subgroups of women defined according to the presence of various other factors (such as family history or cigarette smoking) that bear on the incidence of these outcomes. Their calculations assumed that the relative impact of HRT on the occurrence of a given outcome was the same for each subgroup. For example, current use of HRT was assumed to reduce the rate of coronary heart disease (CHD) by a factor of 0.6, both among women whose rate otherwise would be high (eg, based on a history of diabetes or high blood pressure) and among those whose rate otherwise would be low.  Is the assumption of the authors a
THERAPEUTIC FACTORS IN ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS
Authors: HERBERT S. RIPLEY, JOAN K. JACKSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

The concepts, philosophy and techniques used by Alcoholics Anonymous have been described and discussed. Many of the techniques of individual and group psychotherapy are employed. In addition there is emphasis on the ready availability of emergency attention and the development of permissive, warm and emotionally rewarding relationships with others who have a similar problem.
Integral role of integrins in Th17 development
Authors: Derek A. Pociask, Jay K. Kolls
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

A lineage of CD4+ T cells known as Th17 cells, which are derived by exposure of naive CD4+ T cells to IL-6 and TGF-β, have been implicated in several autoimmune diseases. In this issue of the JCI, studies by Acharya et al. and Melton et al. show that TGF-β is activated at the DC/CD4+ T cell synapse by αv integrins and that this activation is required for Th17 differentiation and autoimmunity in the central nervous system. Thus, these studies offer a potential therapeutic target in fighting autoimmune diseases.
How one hospital allays children's fears of surgery
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Many hospitals these days have instituted programs to make surgery less anxiety-provoking for children. A typical one is at Primary Children's Medical Center in Salt Lake City. A lemonade party is held every Friday afternoon. All children scheduled for surgery the following week are invited to come with their parents and brothers and sisters. They dress up as physicians and nurses, listen to each other's hearts with stethoscopes, don identification bracelets, and generally become acquainted with some of the strange hospital equipment. A tour is conducted through the radiology department and the pediatric intensive care unit, and members of the anesthesiology staff familiarize the children with the anesthetic machine and mask. Nurses are available to answer parents' and children's questions. A main feature at the party (in addition to lemonade and cookies) is a staff-produced film depicting the entire sequence of events a child undergoing surgery will experience. Titled "Peppermint
William John Dickson (“Bill”) Bradfield
Authors: Malcolm Gough
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Hubert Talbot ("Joe") FordRadiotherapist who co-pioneered combined breast cancer clinics Joe Ford was one of the "young Turks" who helped to revolutionise the treatment of breast cancer in the United Kingdom.In the early 1970s he and his fellow consultants in surgical oncology and medicine founded the first combined breast clinic, where all patients who had been diagnosed with breast cancer through mammography and cytology were seen by a team of consultant surgeon, physician, and radiotherapist.The team of consultants discussed the diagnosis and suggested treatments, all within the time frame of three hours from initial consultation.In addition they introduced the concept of nurse specialists to assist in diagnosis, management, and counselling.Over the next 25 years this "one-stop" clinic successfully managed thousands of patients by providing a highly effective combination treatment by surgery, radiotherapy, and chemo-endocrine therapy.This combined, multidisciplinary approach has proved highly influential in the treatment of many other cancers and predates the current focus on "joined-up" service provision.
270 LOW VS STANDARD ALBUMIN DOSAGES IN THE PREVENTION OF PARACENTESIS INDUCED CIRCULATORY DYSFUNCTION: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS
Authors: C. Alessandria, S. Forgia, A. Morgando, W. Debernardi-Venon, C. Elia, S. Ceretto, A. La Terra, L. Todros, M. Rizzetto, A. Marzano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)