tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Knotting of Subclavian Central Venous Catheter
Authors: Fouad Nicolas
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  The widespread use of central venous catheters has been of undeniable benefit, but has given rise to a new generation of iatrogenic complications. To the growing list of these, we add an example of knotting of a subclavian central venous catheter.  Report of a Case.—  A 19-year-old boy was admitted with a bullet wound of the thigh. Blood and fluids were administered through a radiopaque 16-gm catheter inserted into the right subclavian vein. Originally 30 cm long, the catheter was trimmed of its distal 5 cm before insertion to avoid possible intracardiac placement of the tip. Operation for correction of vascular injuries was performed several hours after admission. Three days later, when intravenous feedings were stopped, resistance was met in removal of the last 3 cm of the catheter. It was found to be occluded by a tight simple knot 1 cm from its tip (Figure), although
A Case of Focal Epilepsy: Trephining: Electrical Stimulation and Excision of Focus: Primary Healing: Improvement
Authors: R. Parker
Journal: BMJ (1893)

TREPHINING FOR FOCAL EPILEPSY.Gleo!=0=A 1101 ; gr.doses three times a day in a croton chloral pill combination.Indeed, it seems to me that everything tending in any way to improve the general health in such cases is of benefit to the patient.Hence not only strychnine and quinine, but likewise mineral acids-notably phosphoric and nitrohydro- chloric-are of service.Antipyrin I once or twice found very useful, as well as occasionally the peroxide of hydrogen.Should non-success follow upon the treating of diabetic cases upon the principles inculcated, I trust before they are condemned the reader will kindly reflect that he may have erred either in the.differential diagnosis of the case, or in his selection of the remedy employed for its cure.
Lipoprotein Abnormalities and Viral Infections
Authors: E. Eugene Baillie
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In regard to the article entitled "Lipoprotein Abnormalities Associated With a Viral Syndrome" by Friedland and Herbert (1982;248:82), we first reported the association of lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values (HDL-C) with viral infections in 1979.<sup>1</sup>In a group of 15 patients with HDL-C values below 20 mg/dL, we found that 11 either had acute viral disease at the time the sample was drawn or had an adequate history of recent viral illness within the previous two to three weeks. At the time of our report, we speculated that the most plausible explanation for the decreased values in the patient with viral illness might be the disruption of lipid metabolism in the liver. We also observed lowered total cholesterol and triglyceride values in some of the patients. Although our patient group would best be classified as having had severe viral illnesses, we did observe transient decreases
Informed Consent in Emergency Research
Authors: Michelle H. Biros
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —A coalition conference of acute resuscitation researchers was held to discuss the feasibility of applying current federal research regulations regarding informed consent to the emergency setting. This article presents consensus recommendations for regulatory changes for consent in emergency research. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Representatives from the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine and the American Heart Association identified several professional organizations as stakeholders in this issue, including research, clinical, bioethics, legal, and patient advocacy groups. The Office for Protection From Research Risks (OPRR), the Food And Drug Administration (FDA), and staff from specific legislative offices were also invited to observe. Forty-three participants attended, including representatives from 12 professional organizations, five medical institutions, and the FDA and OPRR. This was a closed meeting. Participants were self-funded or sponsored by their professional organizations. <h3>Evidence.</h3> —Before the meeting, a draft of a position statement was developed by the conference organizers based on the current literature and discussions with experts in the field. This draft, copies of the current federal research regulations, and supporting articles were distributed before the conference. <h3>Consensus Process.</h3> —Participants rotated through moderated discussion sessions to comment on subsections of the draft. Following discussion, a working draft was developed and distributed to each participant and represented organizational board for final review. All comments were considered in the final version of the document. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We believe there are circumstances when it is not feasible to obtain prospective or proxy consent for enrollment into an emergency research protocol. In these circumstances, patients are vulnerable, not only to research risks, but also to being denied potentially beneficial therapy when there is no known effective treatment for their life-threatening condition. We offer recommendations that should be met when the critical nature of the illness or injury or the need to apply an investigational therapy rapidly precludes prospective consent for participation in emergency research. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:1283-1287)
DNA Damage and Its Links to Neurodegeneration
Authors: Ram Madabhushi, Ling Pan, Li-Huei Tsai
Journal: Neuron (2014)

The integrity of our genetic material is under constant attack from numerous endogenous and exogenous agents. The consequences of a defective DNA damage response are well studied in proliferating cells, especially with regards to the development of cancer, yet its precise roles in the nervous system are relatively poorly understood. Here we attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the consequences of genomic instability in the nervous system. We highlight the neuropathology of congenital syndromes that result from mutations in DNA repair factors and underscore the importance of the DNA damage response in neural development. In addition, we describe the findings of recent studies, which reveal that a robust DNA damage response is also intimately connected to aging and the manifestation of age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Video Abstract/cms/asset/6f0b06d1-6c59-423c-a727-f8e2fde7d3fa/mmc1.mp4Loading ...Download video (mp4, 35 MB)
A Trial Comparing Noninvasive Ventilation Strategies in Preterm Infants
Authors: Haresh Kirpalani, David Millar, Brigitte Lemyre, Bradley A. Yoder, Aaron Chiu, Robin S. Roberts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

To reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely-low-birth-weight infants, clinicians attempt to minimize the use of endotracheal intubation by the early introduction of less invasive forms of positive airway pressure.
Biophobia breeds unparsimonious exceptionalism
Authors: Steven J. C. Gaulin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract With respect to aggressiveness it is not enough to say that humans are “like other mammals.” We resemble only those species where males have higher maximum reproductive rates than females. In such species males evolve a set of hormonally mediated competitive traits via sexual selection. Because humans match the predictions of this general evolutionary model, attempts to (re)explain men's aggressiveness in sociological terms are superfluous and misleading.
Extrahepatic Hepatitis B Virus Dna Sequences in Patients With Acute Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Boris Yoffe, Dennis K. Burns, Harshika S. Bhatt, Burton Combes
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of hepadnavirus-related nucleic acids in extrahepatic tissues in various animal models. The prevalence and biological significance of extrahepatic infection in humans remains undetermined. To characterize the tissue distribution and physical state of extrahepatic hepatitis B virus nucleic acids in acute hepatitis infection, we examined serum, liver and multiple extrahepatic tissues obtained at autopsy from two patients with fulminant hepatitis and one patient with resolving hepatitis who died of an unrelated cause. Southern-blot hybridization analysis was used to analyze the physical state of hepatitis B virus-related DNA. Hepatitis B virus-related RNA sequences were examined by slot-blotting total RNA extracted from corresponding tissues. Hepatitis B virus nucleic acids were demonstrated in lymph nodes, spleen, gonads, thyroid gland, kidneys, pancreas and adrenal glands. The most intense signal of hybridization was obtained with DNA extracted from lymph nodes. In general, the levels of hepatitis B virus RNA correlated with the amount of viral DNA. Fast-migrating DNA sequences resembling replicative intermediates and ranging in size from 1 to 3.2 kb were detected in EcoRI digests. Faint high-molecular-weight smears suggesting random integration also were observed. Remarkably, little or no hepatitis B virus nucleic acid was detected in the serum or liver. In control specimens obtained from hepatitis B virus carriers, most hybridizable hepatitis B virus nucleic acid was present in liver, but hepatitis B virus DNA was also detected in extrahepatic tissues. Finally, no specific histological changes were observed in extrahepatic tissues harboring hepatitis B virus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A Handbook of the Diseases of the Eye and Their Treatment.
Authors: Henry Rosborough Swanzy
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
UNCONTROLLED MICROSPORUM GYPSEUM INFECTION IN A NEW BORN MAMMAL
Authors: G. H. FINDLAY, H. F. ROUX, I. W. SIMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

A newborn South American coati, Nasua nasua (Linn.), acquired an intractable and eventually fatal Microsporum gypseum infection from the soil in its cage at the Zoo. The final picture of a hepatorenal syndrome with shock developed. The disease was neither relieved nor evidently aggravated by griseofulvin therapy. Fungal resistance developed to the drug in vitro. It was thought that the infection persisted initially because of neonatal immune tolerance. The pathogenesis of M. gypseum infection was also studied in the guinea-pig while comparing the virulence of the strains isolated.
Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy: selecting only the best
Authors: Arthur Bank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy can potentially cure a variety of human hematopoietic diseases, such as sickle cell disease. Selection and expansion of gene-corrected HSCs has now been accomplished for the first time using HSC from large animals - dogs and humans - with a novel drug-resistance gene, MGMT, which is not expressed in normal HSCs (see the related articles beginning on pages 1561 and 1581). Highly efficient lentiviral transfer and expression of MGMT into relatively few HSCs led to repopulation of most of the hematopoietic compartment with gene-corrected cells following suitable drug treatment. This selection system may be useful in human clinical trials to permit gene therapy in autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation settings.
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Paradoxical Performance for Monetary Incentives Are Driven by Loss Aversion
Authors: Vikram S. Chib, Benedetto De Martino, Shinsuke Shimojo, John P. O'Doherty
Journal: Neuron (2012)

Employers often make payment contingent on performance in order to motivate workers. We used fMRI with a novel incentivized skill task to examine the neural processes underlying behavioral responses to performance-based pay. We found that individuals' performance increased with increasing incentives; however, very high incentive levels led to the paradoxical consequence of worse performance. Between initial incentive presentation and task execution, striatal activity rapidly switched between activation and deactivation in response to increasing incentives. Critically, decrements in performance and striatal deactivations were directly predicted by an independent measure of behavioral loss aversion. These results suggest that incentives associated with successful task performance are initially encoded as a potential gain; however, when actually performing a task, individuals encode the potential loss that would arise from failure.
Immunoglobulin Binding in Cardiomyopathic Hearts
Authors: SUNIL K. DAS, JEFFERY P. CALLEN, VERNON N. DODSON, JAMES T. CASSIDY
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Bound gamma globulin was demonstrated by the direct immunofluorescent technique in heart tissue from three patients with severe congestive cardiomyopathy. In two of these patients complement (β 1 C) was also bound to the heart muscle. Heart tissue from one of six patients who died of myocardial infarction showed a trace of bound gamma globulin, but no bound complement. During life, the heart in advanced cardiomyopathy may preferentially fix heart-reactive immunoglobulins to specific sarcolemmal and subsarcolemmal antigens, and antiheart antibody may not be detectable in the serum.
Liver levels of vitamin a and cellular retinol-binding protein for patients wth biliary atresia
Authors: David E. Ong, Olivier Amédée-Manesme
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

We have examined whether the amount of cellular retinol-binding protein in human liver is related to the amount of vitamin A stored in the liver. Levels of vitamin A, as retinol and retinol esters, and of cellular retinol-binding protein have been determined in liver samples from 6 normal adults and 11 children with biliary atresia, with and without vitamin A treatment. The level of cellular retinol-binding protein in the liver was not related to the liver vitamin A concentration examined over a 300-fold range of vitamin A levels. Also, biliary atresia did not appear to interfere with storage of vitamin A, and the level of cellular retinol-binding protein was comparable to that observed in the liver of normal adults. The demonstration of proper vitamin A storage in treated children as well as normal levels of cellular retinol-binding protein suggest the vitamin A deficiency frequently observed in children with biliary atresia may be due primarily to faulty absorption rather than a combination of poor absorption and impaired hepatic vitamin A metabolism.
HIV Infection after Needlesticks
Authors: A. Clinton White, Susan M. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 February 1991HIV Infection after NeedlesticksA. Clinton White Jr, MD, Susan M. Miller, MD, MPHA. Clinton White Jr, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Susan M. Miller, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-3-253_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:There has been widespread acceptance of offering zidovudine prophylaxis to medical staff who have had needlestick exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1). We feel that too little attention has been paid to the potential risks and benefits of attempted prophylaxis. The article (2) and accompanying editorial (3) in a recent issue provide insights into the risk accompanying these exposures. As pointed out, most seroconversions followed deep intramuscular exposure or deep cuts. On the basis of the proportion of exposures due to simple needlesticks in Henderson and colleagues' study (170 of 179) and the number of...References1. Sacks H and Rose D. Zidovudine prophylaxis for needlestick exposure to human immunodeficiency virus: a decision analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 1990;5:132-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Henderson D, Fahey B, and Willy M. Risk for occupational transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-I) associated with clinical exposures: a prospective evaluation. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:740-6. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Klein R and Freidland G. Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-I) by exposure to blood: defining the risk. Ann Intern Med. 1990;113:729-30. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Looke D and Grove D. Failed prophylactic zidovudine after needlestick injury. Lancet. 1990;335:1280. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Schinazi R, Anderson D, and Fultz P. Prophylaxis with antiretroviral agents in rhesus macaques inoculated with simian immunodeficiency virus. [Abstract 962]. 30th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Atlanta, Georgia, 21-24 October 1990. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: A. Clinton WhiteJr, MD; Susan M. Miller, MD, MPHAffiliations: Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX 77030 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1991Volume 114, Issue 3Page: 253-253KeywordsHIVHIV infectionsHIV-1Medical staffProphylaxis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Effect of Flow and Pressure on Pulmonary Vessels
Authors: C. A. WAGENVOORT, J. NAUTA, P. J. VAN DER SCHAAR, H. W. H. WEEDA, NOEKE WAGENVOORT
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Of a total of over 1,000 lung biopsies, carried out over a 3½-year period on patients, the great majority of whom were operated on for various acquired or congenital cardiac diseases, 86 were on patients operated upon for atrial septal defect, 99 on patients with a ventricular septal defect, and 82 on patients with patent ductus arteriosus. The morphological data, particularly with regard to the lung vessels, were correlated with hemodynamic findings in these patients. In atrial septal defect the pulmonary vessels did not differ significantly from those in normal controls of the same ages. Notably there were no differences between patients with relatively low pulmonary arterial flow and those with high flow. In patent ductus arteriosus the only difference was an increase in intimal fibrosis of the pulmonary arteries as compared to normals. In ventricular septal defect, on the other hand, there was an increase in thickness of both media and intima and also in incidence of hemosiderosis. These changes did show a correlation with increased pulmonary arterial pressure but not with pulmonary arterial flow. It is concluded that pulmonary hypertension may provoke these vascular lesions and conversely may be maintained or increased by these lesions, while an increased flow in itself has little or no effect with regard to the morphological alterations, if it is not accompanied by pulmonary hypertension.
Reducing Treatment Delay and Improving Diagnostic Accuracy for Patients With Acute Stroke
Authors: Daniel Mines, Steven Rosenzweig
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Taking Asthma Seriously
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1997)

AS A STUDY in the complexities of behavior modification, the medical treatment of growing numbers of asthma patients would make a fascinating subject. An expert panel issued guidelines 6 years ago on the diagnosis and management of asthma, but leaders in the field say clinicians don't necessarily follow them and patients often are undertreated. And if physicians don't use the guidelines to help educate their patients, many asthmatics might rely on quickrelief medications rather than achieving long-term control with anti-inflammatory drugs. So as morbidity from asthma continues to rise and managed care restricts the time physicians can spend on patient education, experts hope a new set of guidelines will make greater inroads. "We really feel that the medical profession in the United States needs to take asthma seriously and treat it aggressively," said the chair of the panel that just issued the new guidelines, Shirley Murphy, MD, professor and chair
Combined deficiencies of factor vlll (ahf) and factor xi (pta)
Authors: Eric Chun‐Yet Lian, Daniel Deykin, Donald R. Harkness
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1976)

Abstract Combined deficiencies of Factor VIII and Factor XI associated with moderate degree of bleeding symptoms were found in 3 brothers. Examination of Factor VIII activity and Factor VIII‐related antigen revealed that the Factor VIII activity/ Factor VIII‐related antigen ratio was significantly decreased in their mother and maternal grandmother consistent with the carrier state of hemophilia. Factor XI deficiency was found in 2 siblings, the father, and 2 of his sisters. The paternal grandmother was thought to carry the abnormal Factor XI gene, although her Factor XI level was normal, because of a significant bleeding history. It was concluded that the combined Factor VIII and XI deficiencies in the 3 brothers represent the coincidental inheritance of 2 separate and independent abnormal genes.
EFFECT OF MORPHINE AND NEOSTIGMINE ON CHOLESCINTIGRAPHY
Authors: R E Lim, M V Yester, B Smith, JD Billingsley, T Mahone, E V Dubovsky
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Lim, R E; Yester, M V; Smith, B; Billingsley, JD; Mahone, T; Dubovsky, E V Author Information