tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UNEXPECTED DEATHS IN THE POST-OPERATIVE PERIOD
Authors: A. R. Short, A. D. Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1927)

THE material on which this study is based is contained in the accompanying tables.It will be observed that during the ten-year period, and out of a total of about -16,000 operations, there were seven deaths on .thetable.In our study of deaths in the post- operative period we have excluded cases of cancer, in- testinal obstruction, etc., but not when deaths on the table are considered.Of these seven, two were anaesthetic deaths, four must be attributed to the surgical procedure, and the other was moribund from strangulated umbilical hernia, and died after inhaling only a few drops of ether.Anaesthetic Deaths.-Thefirst was a man of 48, with an appendix abscess complicated by tuberculous peritonitis.He died during the induction stage.The auitopsy showed a flabby degenerated myocardium.The second was a woman of 77, with acute intestinal obstruction, who died during induction.The probable cause was cardiac failure.Open ether, with a little chloroform occasionally during the induction stage, is the almost invariable anaesthetic agent used.
Epigenetic Antagonism between Polycomb and SWI/SNF Complexes during Oncogenic Transformation
Authors: Boris G. Wilson, Xi Wang, Xiaohua Shen, Elizabeth S. McKenna, Madeleine E. Lemieux, Yoon-Jae Cho, Edward C. Koellhoffer, Scott L. Pomeroy, Stuart H. Orkin, Charles W.M. Roberts
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
A randomized study of the effects of adenine arabinoside 5′-monophosphate (short or long courses) and lymphoblastoid interferon on hepatitis B virus replication
Authors: Anna S.F. Lok, David M. Novick, Peter Karayiannis, Arthur A. Dunk, Sheila Sherlock, Howard C. Thomas
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

A previous randomized controlled study has shown a 30% rate of HBe antigen/antibody serocon–version within 1 year of a month course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate; no seroconversion occurred in the control group. In this study of patients derived from the same population, 45 hepatitis B virus carriers with chronic liver disease were randomized to receive either a short (4–week) course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate, a long (7 to 8–week) course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate or a 12–week course of lymphoblastoid interferon. Long–lasting suppression of hepatitis B virus replication with disappearance of serum hepatitis B virus DNA and clearance of HBeAg occurred within 12 months of treatment in four patients who received the short course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate and in five who received interferon. Of the nine responders, four also lost HBsAg. A response to antiviral therapy was accompanied by clinical and biochemical evidence of improvement in liver disease. None of the patients who received a long course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate responded. Peripheral neuropathy and myalgia were the most serious adverse effect affecting three recipients of the short course of adenine arabinoside–5′–monophosphate and eight recipients of the long course. Thrice weekly administration of interferon was well–tolerated. Further studies to identify the characteristics of the “responder patients” and large–scale controlled trials of antiviral therapy in these subgroups are indicated.
Anergy in Crohn's disease.
Authors: D B Sachar, S Meyers, H D Janowitz
Journal: BMJ (1977)

antagonists in its ability to reverse the effects of pentazocine (Fortral)."Finally, I would point out that the data sheet for Fortral which is contained in the readily available ABPI Data Sheet Conmpenzdiulml 1977 refers to respiratory depression both following normal dosage and following over- dosage.The text referring to overdosage goes on to describe the appropriate treatment of such respiratory depression.This information would be supplied to any doctor who responds to the statement in the advertisement that "full prescribing information is available from Winthrop Laboratories."
Immunologic risk factors and glomerular C4d deposits in chronic transplant glomerulopathy
Authors: Yvo. W. Sijpkens, Simone A. Joosten, Man-Chi Wong, Friedo W. Dekker, Hallgrimur Benediktsson, Ingeborg M. Bajema, Jan A. Bruijn, Leendert C. Paul
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Prognostic value of clotting and fibrinolytic systems in a follow-up of 165 liver cirrhotic patients*1
Authors: Francesco Violi, Domenico Ferro, Stefania Basili, Claudio Cimminiello, Mirella Saliola, Edoardo Vezza, Corrado Cordova
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

One hundred sixty-five patients with cirrhosis diagnosed by needle liver biopsy were followed for 2 years to evaluate the relation between clotting factors and survival. Patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic carcinoma, and cholestatic liver diseases were excluded. Patients were classified as A (n = 34), B (n = 75), or C (n = 56) according to Child-Pugh criteria. During the follow-up 45 patients died of liver failure or gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Nonsurvivor patients had significantly higher values of bilirubin and D-dimer, a marker of fibrinolysis in vivo, lower values of albumin, prothrombin activity, fibrinogen, prekallikrein, factor VII, and a more prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time than survivors. All these variables and Child-Pugh classification were significantly associated with survival in a univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis (Cox's model) showed that only prekallikrein and factor VII were independently predictors of survival. Ninety-three percent of patients with prekallikrein values < 32% died within 32 months of follow-up, whereas factor VII < 34% identified 93% of patients who died within 10 months of follow-up. This study suggests that factor VII is an early predictor of survival and may be a useful test to better identify cirrhotic patients who should be candidates for liver transplantation.
A phase I/II study of imatinib plus reinduction therapy for c-kit-positive relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: inhibition of Akt activation correlates with complete response
Authors: J M Brandwein, D W Hedley, S Chow, A D Schimmer, K W L Yee, A C Schuh, V Gupta, W Xu, S Kamel-Reid, M D Minden
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Estimating Renal Function From the Visual Analysis of Tc-99m DTPA Images
Authors: SAMUEL SOSTRE, MEDHAT OSMAN, ZSOLT SZABO, HELEN H. DREW, HIRAM RIVERA-LUNA, A CAHID CIVELEK, H N WAGNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Eleven visual parameters of Tc-99m DTPA imaging studies were evaluated to identify scintigraphic findings that best detect changes in renal function, to determine at which GFR levels they appear, and to establish criteria for visual estimation of renal function. Visual parameters were compared to in vitro GFR determinations in 41 patients. Three visual parameters offered best discrimination. The first one appeared at GFR values below 70 mL/min (sensitivity: 76%). The renal peak activity on the flow study (normally equal or greater than aortic) no longer reached the intensity of the aortic peak (pK < pA). The second parameter appeared at GFR values below 50 mL/min (sensitivity: 85%). The estimated kidney-to-liver ratio in the 2-minute image (usually 3 or greater) decreased to values less than 3. The third scintigraphic finding, pelvicalyceal system nonvisualization, appeared at GFR levels below 20 mL/min (sensitivity 100%). Use of these 3 scintigraphic findings allows categorization of patients into four functional groups: 1) severe dysfunction (GFR: 0-20 mL/min), 2) moderate to severe dysfunction (GFR: 21-50 mL/min), 3) moderate dysfunction (GFR: 50-70 mL/min), and 4) Normal study (GFR > 70 mL/min). Visual analysis of Tc-99m DTPA images does not identify patients with mildly decreased renal function (GFR: 70-90 mL/min).
Cocaine and Traffic Accident Fatalities in New York City
Authors: Narsipur V. Ravi
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The study by Marzuk et al<sup>1</sup>concerning the prevalence of recent cocaine use among motor vehicle fatalities in New York City is timely and highlights another major public health consequence of the current cocaine epidemic in the United States. Many of us who care for cocaine-dependent patients, based on the anecdotal evidence of their self-reports, are aware of the reckless driving and other sensationseeking behaviors that can occur after cocaine use. In addition, Robinson et al<sup>2</sup>have demonstrated a negative correlation between substance abuse and seatbelt use. It is important, however, to emphasize the authors' caution that it cannot be construed that drivers killed in motor vehicle accidents who tested positive for cocaine metabolites were impaired immediately prior to the fatal accident. The pharmacokinetic studies that suggest cocaine is eliminated within 48 hours are outdated because they do not reflect the experience observed with
Global Fund director admits to $8bn shortfall
Authors: A. Vass
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The Global Fund, which was set up to fight AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria, needs a huge increase in resources and it needs it quickly, said its executive director, Dr Richard Feacham, speaking to delegates at the 14th international AIDS conference, held in Barcelona last week.

He said the $1.8bn (£1.2bn; €1.8bn) secured by the fund this year was “nothing like enough, but it is a start.”

The fund, which was set up in 2001, is widely expected to need $8bn to $10bn a year to meet the challenges of the three diseases.

Former US president Bill Clinton, speaking at the …
Involvement of Na(+)-H+ antiporter in regulation of L-type Ca2+ channel current by angiotensin II in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
Authors: M Kaibara, S Mitarai, K Yano, M Kameyama
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The present study investigated the possible involvement of a Na(+)-H+ antiporter in the regulation of L-type Ca2+ channels by angiotensin II (Ang II) in isolated rabbit ventricular cardiac myocytes by using both cell-attached and whole-cell patch-clamp current recording techniques. In cell-attached patch-clamp current recordings, an increase in the open-state probability of the Ca2+ channel (144.8 +/- 9.8% [mean +/- SEM], n = 11) was seen after exposure of the cells to Ang II (100 nmol/L). This effect was inhibited by pretreatment with losartan (10 mumol/L), a synthetic antagonist of the AT1 receptor. 5(N,N-Dimethyl)amiloride (100 mumol/L), an amiloride analogue, as well as Na(+)-deficient bath solution abolished Ang II-induced stimulation of the Ca2+ channel activities. In whole-cell patch-clamp current recordings, Ang II also increased the L-type Ca2+ current when a pipette solution of pH 7.1 containing 5 mmol/L HEPES (139 +/- 5%, n = 4) was used but did not significantly increase the current when a pipette solution of pH 7.5 containing 5 mmol/L HEPES or a pipette solution of pH 7.1 containing 30 mmol/L HEPES was used. These results suggest that Ang II-induced stimulation of the Ca2+ channels is mediated by a Na(+)-H+ antiporter and therefore provide a novel insight into signal transduction of Ang II receptor stimulation in cardiac myocytes.
Abstract P3-15-02: Underreporting of Myelotoxicity with Emerging Breast Cancer Regimens
Authors: T Vandenberg, S Verma, S Loibl, J Crawford, MR Choi, L Dreiling, A. Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Although many emerging regimens that incorporate targeted agents may produce increased myelosuppressive side-effects, clinical data guiding colony-stimulating factor (CSF) use with these regimens are not readily available. This review assessed the reporting diligence around febrile neutropenia and the related use of CSF and antibiotics in published clinical trials evaluating emerging regimens for breast cancer treatment. Methods: We searched Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases to identify randomized, controlled phase 3 breast cancer studies published between Jan 2005 and June 2009. After excluding trials of vaccines, hormonal therapy alone, and stem cell transplantation/mobilization, corresponding publications were retrieved and data extracted on the incidence of neutropenia and its complications and CSF/antibiotic use. We then calculated the percentage of these publications that reported each outcome. Results: Of 463 trials identified from the search, only 73 met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 70% and 55% of trials reported the incidence of grade 3/4 neutropenia and febrile neutropenia, respectively (Table). Neutropenia-related hospitalizations were reported in 3% of trials. Prophylactic use of CSF and antibiotics was defined in the methods section of 59% and 23% of trials, respectively; and only reported in the results section of 22% and 5% of trials, respectively. Conclusion: Clinically significant neutropenia and neutropenia-related events (including febrile neutropenia) were generally described in the studies evaluated; however, the reported use of CSF and/or antibiotics was infrequent and inconsistent in the published literature of emerging regimens. A standardized approach to reporting neutropenic outcomes as well as the use of supportive care measures can assist cliniciansto prospectively manage the relevant toxicities associated with these emerging regimens and thereby facilitate their safe and effective use in clinical practice. Table: Reporting of myelotoxicity data in published phase 3 trials CSF = colony-stimulating factor Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-15-02.
Letter by Uzun et al Regarding Article, “Comparison of Transplacental Treatment of Fetal Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias With Digoxin, Flecainide, and Sotalol: Results of a Nonrandomized Multicenter Study”
Authors: Orhan Uzun, Anju Sinha, Bryan Beattie
Journal: Circulation (2012)
BMA meeting: Doctors vote against demanding right for doctors to pray for their patients
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Representatives at the BMA’s annual conference in Liverpool have voted against a proposal to seek protection from disciplinary action for any health workers who offer to pray for their patients.

Earlier this year the Department of Health issued guidance warning about proselytising, saying that discussing religion could be interpreted as an attempt to convert a patient, which could be construed as a form of harassment (www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_093133).

However, Bernadette Birtwhistle, an oncologist from Sheffield and a member of the Christian Medical Fellowship, proposed a motion arguing that offering to pray for a patient should not be grounds for suspension.

She also …
Review: Intensive insulin therapy does not reduce mortality but increases severe hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients
Authors: Stephen M. Pastores
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club19 July 2011Review: Intensive insulin therapy does not reduce mortality but increases severe hypoglycemia in hospitalized patientsStephen M. Pastores, MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCMStephen M. Pastores, MD, FACP, FCCP, FCCMMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA (S.M.P.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-2-201107190-02012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKansagara D, Fu R, Freeman M, Wolf F, Helfand M. Intensive insulin therapy in hospitalized patients: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:268-82. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21320942Clinical Impact RatingsHospitalists: Cardiology: Endocrinology: Critical Care: Neurology: References1 Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Chou R, et al; Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians. Use of intensive insulin therapy for the management of glycemic control in hospitalized patients: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:260-7. [PMID: 21320941] Google Scholar2 Wiener RS, Wiener DC, Larson RJ. Benefits and risks of tight glucose control in critically ill adults: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;300:933-44. [PMID: 18728267] Google Scholar3 Griesdale DE, de Souza RJ, van Dam RM, et al. Intensive insulin therapy and mortality among critically ill patients: a meta-analysis including NICE-SUGAR study data. CMAJ. 2009;180:821-7. [PMID: 19318387] Google Scholar4 Moghissi ES. Addressing hyperglycemia from hospital admission to discharge. Curr Med Res Opin. 2010;26:589-98. [PMID: 20078323] Google Scholar5 Kavanagh BP, McCowen KC. Clinical practice. Glycemic control in the ICU. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2540-6. [PMID: 21175316] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA (S.M.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 July 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEfficacy of Vildagliptin Added to Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII) in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes 19 July 2011Volume 155, Issue 2Page: JC1-12KeywordsBloodGlucoseHypoglycemiaInsulinIntensive care unitsMyocardial infarctionSepsisSystematic reviewsUrinary tract infections ePublished: 19 July 2011 Issue Published: 19 July 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cost analysis of implantable cardioverter defibrillators in patients with ischemic heart disease, decreased left ventricular function, and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia: Selective or widespread use?
Authors: Jeffrey D. Simmons, M. Diaz, K. McCollister, P. Salgueiro, L. Marquez, S. Chakko, A. Interian, R. Myerburg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
EFFECTS OF MANIPULATION OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: JoelM Kremer, AnnV Michalek, Lloyd Lininger, Christopher Huyck, Jean Bigauoette, MaryAnn Timchalk, RichardI Rynes, John Zieminski, LeeE Bartholomew
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Medical Innovation Bill is fundamentally unworkable
Authors: J. Miola, D. Hills
Journal: BMJ (2015)

We share the concerns about the Medical Innovation Bill expressed by almost all major medical, medical protection, patient, and research organisations—it is unnecessary, misunderstands the law, jeopardises patient safety, and undermines clinical trials.1 Importantly, though, a fundamental structural flaw also means that it cannot function as it claims.

The bill rests on two pillars: peace of mind for doctors and …
SOCIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN MODERN PSYCHIATRIC THOUGHT
Authors: Kenneth J. Tillotson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1936)

1. Pareto's analysis of the mutual dependence between the individual and society is readily applicable to the work of the psychiatrist. 2. His treatise is a scientific work, based upon wide knowledge and experience in mathematics, physics, engineering, economics, and history. 3. The breadth of its scope is such that it affords invaluable sociological training to the psychiatrist. 4. Pareto's conceptual schema has been found remarkably effective in use as an aid in clarifying thought and in the specification of problems. 5. It makes possible the furtherance of the psychiatrist's thought to an important domain beyond that considered by Meyer.
Body position, electrode level, and respiration effects on the Frank lead electrocardiogram.
Authors: H Riekkinen, P Rautaharju
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Frank lead ECG/VCG changes with deep inspiration, expiration, and body position were investigated in 194 patients, 100 with an old myocardial infarction and the remaining 94 chosen as a representative sample of catheterization laboratory patients with a variety of cardiac conditions. In a subgroup of 144 of the patients, Frank lead records were made both at the fifth and the fourth intercostal space. Diagnostic interpretation was performed using the VA-Pipberger ECG Program. The results indicate that, in general, body position and electrode level influence on mean intervals and orientation angles is negligible. There was a highly significant decrease in the R and Q wave amplitudes in leads X and Z and in the maximum spatial magnitude of QRS when electrodes were shifted from the fifth to the fourth interspace. The most pronounced decrease in ECG/VCG amplitudes took place in deep inspiration while mean orientation angles changed little, with the exception of QRS elevation. However, while mean changes with body position and electrode level were rather small, substantial orientation and magnitude changes took place in many patients. Diagnostic interpretation of the records changed in 12.5% with electrode level change, in 11.9% with the transition of body position, and in 16.8% with deep inspiration. Strict standardization of electrode positions and recording procedure is suggested, particularly when serial comparison of Frank lead records is planned.
BAFF AND TACI mRNA expression are increased in very early rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: R. A. Moura, H. Canhao, J. Polido-Pereira, A. M. Rodrigues, M. Navalho, A. F. Mourao, C. Resende, J. A. P. da Silva, L. Graca, J. E. Fonseca
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> B cells play several important roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies by our group have demonstrated that very early rheumatoid arthritis (VERA) patients have disturbances in peripheral blood memory B cells and increased circulating B cell related cytokines. <h3>Objectives</h3> The main goal of this work was to analyse the expression of genes related with B cell survival and activation in VERA (&lt;6 weeks of disease duration) and compare with early RA (&lt;1 year, ERA), established RA patients (RA) and other early arthritis conditions (VEA) to identify differences between disease stages. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> BAFF, BAFF-R, TACI, BCMA, AID, CXCR5, Pax5, Blimp-1, β2m and Bcl-2 mRNA levels from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were determined by real-time PCR. Serum BAFF was quantified by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> VERA patients had increased BAFF and TACI mRNA levels in comparison with controls. Moreover, BAFF mRNA expression was higher in VERA in comparison with RA and VEA patients. BAFF-R expression was elevated in ERA and RA when compared to controls. Pax5 expression was increased in all RA patients and reduced in VEA in comparison with VERA. β2m levels were elevated in VERA, ERA and VEA patients when compared to controls. No differences were observed in BCMA, AID, CXCR5, Blimp-1 and Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, VERA patients had the highest serum BAFF levels. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Disturbances in the expression of B cell related activation genes, particularly BAFF and TACI, occur since the very early phase of RA. The increased BAFF serum and mRNA levels occurring in VERA patients might indicate BAFF as a potential therapeutic target since the first weeks of RA onset.
Ultrasound in the diagnosis of malignant pancreatic tumours
Authors: G. Engelhart, U. W. Blauenstein
Journal: Gut (1970)

Ultrasonic scanning of the upper abdomen is a valuable method in diagnosing malignant pancreatic tumours. A series of 12 patients is presented. The method also provides information about the size of the gallbladder and the condition of the liver parenchyma.