tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFYING PATIENTS BY CT ANGIOGRAPHY WHO WOULD OR WOULD NOT BENEFIT FROM CORONARY ARTERIAL REVASCULARIZATION &amp;ndash; INSIGHTS FROM THE CORE-64 INTERNATIONAL, MULTICENTER STUDY
Authors: Armin Arbab-Zadeh, Julie Miller, Andrea Vavere, Hiroyuki Niinuma, Roger Laham, Edward Shapiro, Pedro Lemos, Jeffrey Brinker, Christopher Cox, Joao A. Lima, David Bush
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 3558: A pilot clinical study of limonene in women with early stage breast cancer: Effects of short-term treatment on tissue limonene disposition and serum markers
Authors: Jessica A. Miller, Julie E. Lang, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, Michele Ley, Amy L. Waer, Catherine Cordova, H-H. Sherry Chow
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Limonene is a highly lipophilic monoterpene found in citrus peel oil that has demonstrated anticancer properties in preclinical studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether limonene and its primary metabolite perillic acid (PA) would distribute extensively to the breast tissue and reach an effective drug concentration. Secondary endpoints included evaluation of changes in cancer-related biomarkers in plasma and tissue. Methods: Participants (N = 40) with newly diagnosed stage 0 - 2 breast cancer took 2 grams daily of oral limonene for 2 - 6 weeks (21.5 ± 8.8 days) prior to planned surgical tumor resection. Blood was drawn pre/post intervention for measurement of serum concentration of limonene, PA, and protein biomarkers, as well as to assess toxicity profiles. A small piece of breast tissue adjacent to the tumor mass was also collected for analysis of limonene and PA levels. Limonene and PA levels in tissue and serum were analyzed using specific chromatography-based assays. Results: Limonene was found to preferentially concentrate in breast tissue (332.3 + 336.1 uM) versus plasma (0.49 + 0.67 uM) with tissue-to-plasma concentration ratio (TPCR) of 1,667 + 312.5 (P&amp;lt;0.001). PA did not concentrate in breast tissue (5.73 + 10.28 uM) versus plasma (3.89 + 6.81 uM) with TPCR of 1.4 + 0.56. Post-intervention serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, TGF-beta1, IGFBP-3 and IL-6 were unchanged from baseline. There was a small but statistically significant post-intervention increase in IGF-1, however the change was no longer significant after adjustment for number of days on agent. Possibly or probably related adverse events were primarily GI-related and were not dose-limiting. No clinically significant changes in complete blood count, renal, hepatic or other blood chemistry studies were noted. Analysis of the intervention effects on tissue biomarkers of proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation is ongoing. Discussion: Oral limonene preferentially concentrates in the breast tissue and has a favorable side effect profile. PA does not readily concentrate in breast tissue when administered as oral limonene. Short-term limonene intervention resulted in minimal changes in systemic biomarkers. Further clinical trials with a longer intervention are necessary to establish limonene's potential role as a chemopreventive agent in breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3558. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3558
C-reactive protein levels in relation to various features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among obese patients
Authors: Esther Zimmermann, Rodolphe Anty, Joan Tordjman, An Verrijken, Philippe Gual, Albert Tran, Antonio Iannelli, Jean Gugenheim, Pierre Bedossa, Sven Francque, Yannick Le Marchand-Brustel, Karine Clement, Luc Van Gaal, Thorkild I.A. Sørensen, Tine Jess
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Adeno-associated virus-mediated expression of apolipoprotein (a) kringles suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma growth in mice
Authors: Kyuhyun Lee, Sung-Tae Yun, Young-Gun Kim, Yeup Yoon, Eui-Cheol Jo
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) constitutes more than 90% of all primary liver cancers. HCC is a hypervascular tumor that develops from dedifferentiation of small avascular HCC and is therefore a good target for anti-angiogenic gene therapy. Recent studies have identified apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] kringles LK68 and LK8 (LKs) as having a potential antiangiogenic and anti-tumor activity, and the current study evaluates the therapeutic potential of gene therapy with recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying genes encoding LKs (rAAV-LK) in the treatment of hypervascular HCC. We generated rAAV-LK to obtain persistent transgene expression in vivo, which is essential for anti-angiogenic therapy. The rAAV-produced LKs substantially inhibited proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, validating their anti-angiogenic potential. Intramuscular administration of rAAV-LK gave 60% to 84% suppression (P < .05) of tumor growth in mice bearing subcutaneously transplanted HCC derived from Huh-7 and Hep3B cells, respectively. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of HCC tumor sections showed that a single administration of rAAV-LK gave rise to persistent expression of LKs that inhibited tumor angiogenesis and triggered tumor apoptosis, and, thus, significantly suppressed tumor growth. The administration of rAAV-LK provided a significant survival benefit (P < .05), and 3 of 10 rAAV-LK-treated mice were still alive without visible tumors and without clinical symptoms 188 days after treatment. In conclusion, rAAV-LK is a potential candidate for anti-angiogenic gene therapy in the treatment of HCC.
Soul Searching: Why Psychotherapy Must Promote Moral Responsibility
Authors: William W. Weddington
Journal: JAMA (1995)

What is going on here? I am asked to review a book on modern psychotherapy practice, and it contains a value-laden, almost foreign language. Words such as<i>fairness, truthfulness, moral responsibility, moral character, courage, commitment, caring, community, prudence</i>, and<i>justice</i>are found throughout. The author of such nonneutral syntax is a practicing family psychotherapist and academician whose purposes are to examine morality in psychotherapy practice and to emphasize the need for understanding the moral stance of a therapist. The author traces the history of psychotherapy through the present. He points out how the practice has changed and is undergoing a significant crisis of skepticism, confidence, and funding. He suggests that such developments are due in part to two factors. One is an erosion of the moral center of mainstream culture. The second is a growing recognition of psychotherapy practice as an extension of white, middle-class, North American male culture. Whereas
The financial cost of physician emigration from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: J. Buchan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A whole government approach is needed to mitigate the impact of the brain drain

In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.d7031), Mills and colleagues attempt to quantify the cost to sub-Saharan African countries of investing in training but then not retaining doctors and nurses. They build on the limited analysis already conducted to assess the costs of “losing” scarce skilled staff to the developed world. They restate the debate about the real impact of the medical “brain drain.”1

A review of previous costing studies found that most lacked technical merit and focused on gross effects on African countries rather than net effects.2 Mills and colleagues try to look at some of the possible benefits that may accrue through remittance income and return migrants, but they focus primarily on assessing costs of training and the cost of lost return on investment as the health professionals leave the country that has funded their education.

According to Mills and colleagues’ analysis, developed countries have “saved billions of dollars” by recruiting ready trained health professionals without having to bear the training costs. They cite the World Health Organization’s 2010 code on international recruitment as a mechanism for achieving a more equitable balance of the costs of training between …
An Epidemiologic Study of the Benefits and Risks of Running
Authors: Jeffery P. Koplan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To better estimate rates of certain benefits and risks of recreational running, we sent questionnaires to 1,250 randomly selected male and 1,250 female registrants for a 10-km road race. The response rate was 55% for men and 58% for women. Telephone interviews of a randomly selected group of nonrespondents indicated that the only significant differences between respondents and nonrespondents were that (1) respondents were older than nonrespondents, (2) more male nonrespondents had stopped running during the year after the race, and (3) more male nonrespondents had been hit by thrown objects. One year after the race; 89% of male and 79% of female respondents were still running regularly. Eighty-one percent of men and 75% of women who smoked cigarettes when they began running had stopped smoking after beginning recreational running. Giving up smoking was significantly more common for current runners than for "retired" runners. Weight loss was commonly associated with runningand was greater in those persons who were overweight when they began running. More than a third of respondents had a musculoskeletal injury attributed to running in the year after the race and about one seventh of all respondents sought medical consultation for their injury. The risk of injury increased with increasing weekly mileage. This study uses epidemiologic methods to quantify some of the benefits and risks of running. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:3118-3121)
Prognostic and Predictive Role of the VeriStrat Plasma Test in Patients with Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Erlotinib or Placebo in the NCIC Clinical Trials Group BR.21 Trial
Authors: David P. Carbone, Keyue Ding, Heinrich Roder, Julia Grigorieva, Joanna Roder, Ming-Sound Tsao, Lesley Seymour, Frances A. Shepherd
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)

We investigated the predictive and prognostic effects of VeriStrat, a serum or plasma-based assay, on response and survival in a subset of patients enrolled on the NCIC Clinical Trials Group, BR.21 phase III trial of erlotinib versus placebo in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients.Pretreatment plasma samples were available for 441 of 731 enrolled patients and were provided as anonymized aliquots to Biodesix. The VeriStrat test was performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act-accredited laboratory at Biodesix, Inc. (Boulder, CO). The results (Good, Poor) were returned to NCIC Clinical Trials Group, which performed all the statistical analyses.VeriStrat testing was successful in 436 samples (98.9%), with 61% classified as Good. VeriStrat was prognostic for overall survival in both erlotinib-treated patients and those on placebo, independent of clinical covariates. For VeriStrat Good patients, the median survival was 10.5 months on erlotinib versus 6.6 months for placebo (hazard ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.47-0.85, p = 0.002). For VeriStrat Poor patients, the median survival was 4 months for patients receiving erlotinib, and 3.1 months for placebo (hazard ratio: 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.55-1.06, p = 0.11). VeriStrat was predictive for objective response (p = 0.002), but was not able to predict for differential survival benefit from erlotinib (interaction p = 0.48). Similar results were found for progression-free survival.We were able to confirm that VeriStrat is predictive of objective response to erlotinib. VeriStrat is prognostic for both OS and progression-free survival, independent of clinical features, but is not predictive of differential survival benefit versus placebo.
Abstract 1207: Molecular determinants of CXCR4 trafficking dictate the metastatic potential in breast cancer
Authors: Gilbert O. Fruhwirth, Adrian Brock, Melanie Keppler, Abid Khan, Silvia Giamperi, Erik Sahai, Cheryl Gillet, Steve J. Archibald, Simon Ameer-Beg, Tony Ng
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The G-protein-coupled CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was shown to be a major determinant in organ-specific metastasis for various cancers. The C-terminus of the receptor contains phosphorylation/ubiquitination sites and residues that interact with adaptor proteins which couple to the endocytosis machinery. Post-endocytic events that lead to a decision between degradation and recycling are hitherto poorly understood. We used fluorescently tagged receptor molecules stably expressed in breast cancer cells to establish that mutations in the protein kinase C (PKC) site of CXCR4 affect not only the cellular equilibrium between ESCRT-mediated degradation and recycling pathways but also the invasive properties. Importantly, the obtained in vitro results excellently translate to a murine model of breast cancer, in which we found that mutation of the PKC motif influences the metastatic potential. Furthermore, by using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) to measure direct protein-protein interactions via Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) we show for the first time that ligand-dependent dimerization of CXCR4 receptors is a crucial mechanistic step in the above processes. Our findings reveal a new mechanism whereby the penetrance of a mutated receptor that exhibits resistance to its desensitization and confers an enhanced cancer migratory phenotype, is reduced through the dimerization with its wildtype counterpart. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1207. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1207
A Shared Destiny: Community Effects of Uninsurance
Authors: Mark A. Callahan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes19 August 2003A Shared Destiny: Community Effects of UninsuranceMark A. Callahan, MDMark A. Callahan, MDWeill Medical College of Cornell University and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-4-200308190-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance. 296 pages. Washington, DC: National Academy Pr; 2003. $29.00. ISBN 0309087260. Order phone 800-624-6242.Field of medicine: Health policy, health economics, and public health.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Policymakers, health care providers, and the general public.Purpose: This report, the fourth of six reports from the Institute of Medicine's Committee on the Consequences of Uninsurance, reviews the effects of uninsurance on the surrounding community.Content: The authors cover how high rates of uninsurance affect delivery of primary care, specialty care, emergency and trauma services, and hospital care. The report reviews the economic and social ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Weill Medical College of Cornell University and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 August 2003Volume 139, Issue 4Page: 312KeywordsHealth careHealth care policy reportsHealth care providersHealth economicsPopulation statisticsPrevention, policy, and public healthPublic policySoftware toolsTaxes ePublished: 19 August 2003 Issue Published: 19 August 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3242: Wnt secretion is required for colon cancer cell survival
Authors: Oksana Voloshanenko, Gerrit Erdmann, Augustin Iris, Michael Boutros
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Aberrant activation of Wnt signalling has an important function in the onset and progression of colorectal cancer. Sporadic colorectal carcinomas are associated with mutations in APC or β-catenin, leading to a constitutive activation by preventing the degradation of β-catenin, allowing its accumulation in the nucleus and drive the expression of transcriptional target for growth and proliferation. While mutations in APC or β-catenin are found in almost all cases of sporadic colon cancer, the molecular circuits that control Wnt signalling pathways in colon cancer cells have not been fully resolved. Here we show that colon cancer cells require Wnt secretion for survival. We combined RNAi-mediated depletion of signalling factors and transcriptional profiling to map the topology of Wnt pathways. We demonstrate that Evi/Wls, a protein required for the secretion of Wnt proteins, impairs the expression of β-catenin dependent transcriptional targets. Blocking Wnt secretion is sufficient to inhibit Wnt signalling and cell survival of colon cancer cell lines ex vivo and in vivo, independent of their APC and β-catenin mutational status. We conclude that mutations in APC and β-catenin in colon cancer do not render colon cancers independent of autocrine activation through Wnt ligands. These results may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in colon cancer by antagonists of Wnt signalling that act at or upstream of the receptor level. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3242. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3242
Manual of Gastroenterologic Procedures
Authors: Phillip M. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Manual of Gastroenterologic Procedures is a synopsis of most of the gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic procedures currently used. It is of particular value in establishing written protocols for tests in hospital GI laboratories. It provides nurses, students, technicians, and house staff with a better understanding of the procedures and is a handy reference for those who do not often use them. The monograph is meant to be neither a textbook of gastroenterology nor a course in endoscopy, but it contains useful information found in both. Each study is organized into sections as a clinical scientific experiment with introduction, indications, contraindications, preparation, equipment, procedure, postprocedure, complications, and interpretation. The simple line drawings, graphs, tables of normal values, and current references enhance the clarity and value of the text, which is written in outline form. The author's preference often is implied when several tests provide similar information, but controversial discussions are avoided. Certain
Glycosylated haemoglobin in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: R M Bernstein, D B Freedman, S P Liyanage, P Dandona
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Shortened red cell survival has a role in the anaemia of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but direct measurement of it is difficult. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1) provides an index of red cell life span in normoglycaemic patients, because glycosylation depends on both the concentration of blood glucose and the duration of erythrocyte survival. HbA1 was significantly lower in 30 patients with RA (5.6 +/- 0.7%, mean +/- SD) than in 15 healthy controls (7.3 +/- 0.7%) and 14 patients with osteoarthritis (7.4 +/- 0.7%, p less than 0.001). HbA1 was depressed less in active RA than during remission, which is consistent with diminished red cell production in active RA. These data on HbA1 confirm that shortened red cell survival is common in RA, and point to diminished red cell production in active disease. Determination of HbA1 should prove to be of clinical value in the assessment of normoglycaemic patients with RA but is an inadequate index of glucose homoeostasis in diabetics with RA.
Spinal cord stimulation is safe and feasible in patients with advanced heart failure: early clinical experience
Authors: Guillermo Torre‐Amione, Kenneth Alo, Jerry D. Estep, Miguel Valderrabano, Nashwa Khalil, Taraneh G. Farazi, Stuart P. Rosenberg, Lanitia Ness, John Gill
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Acute Bacteremia in Asplenic Renal Transplant Patients
Authors: Gerhard P. J. Schröter
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Four cases of overwhelming bacteremia were observed in asplenic renal transplant patients 12 to 20 months after transplantation. The bacteriologic findings and presentation of these infections are characteristic of postsplenectomy sepsis reported in nontransplant patients. It is suggested that the absence of the spleen, more than immunosuppression with azathioprine and prednisone, predisposes to these late, uncommon infections after transplantation. (<i>JAMA</i>237:2207-2208, 1977)
Relationship between Albuminuria and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Barry I. Freedman, Carl D. Langefeld, Kurt K. Lohman, Donald W. Bowden, J. Jeffrey Carr, Stephen S. Rich, Lynne E. Wagenknecht
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Impaired renal function and albuminuria, common among people with type 2 diabetes, are strong predictors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. However, the relationships among albuminuria and measures of calcified atherosclerotic plaque are unknown. Coronary and carotid artery calcified plaque were measured using fast-gated helical computed tomography, and B-mode ultrasonography measured common carotid artery intima-medial thickness (IMT) in 588 white participants with type 2 diabetes from 325 families ascertained for the presence of multiple siblings with type 2 diabetes. Measured risk factors included age, gender, BP, body mass index, GFR, glycosylated hemoglobin, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, smoking, and medications that affect urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR). Generalized estimating equations with exchangeable correlation and the sandwich estimator of the variance were used to test for an association among coronary artery calcified plaque, carotid artery calcified plaque, carotid IMT, and ACR while adjusting for measured risk factors. Participants had a mean +/- SD (median) age of 61.2 +/- 9.2 yr (61.0 yr), ACR of 106.2 +/- 590 mg/g (12.9 mg/g), GFR of 93.3 +/- 33.2 ml/min (87.4 ml/min), coronary artery calcium mass score of 1394 +/- 2685 (323), carotid artery calcium mass score of 295 +/- 652 (51), and IMT of 0.66 +/- 0.12 mm (0.65 mm). Adjusting for the measured covariates, ACR was strongly and positively associated with coronary artery calcium (P = 0.004) and carotid artery calcium (P = 0.0004). Albuminuria is strongly associated with calcified plaque in the coronary and carotid arteries in white individuals with type 2 diabetes and relatively preserved renal function.
Functional features of RUNX1 mutants in acute transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia and their contribution to inducing murine full-blown leukemia
Authors: Li-Juan Zhao, Yue-Ying Wang, Guo Li, Li-Yuan Ma, Shu-Min Xiong, Xiang-Qin Weng, Wei-Na Zhang, Bo Wu, Zhu Chen, Sai-Juan Chen
Journal: Blood (2012)
School-Based Clinics' Birth, Fertility, and Abortion Rates-Reply
Authors: Janice M. Fleszar
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  Dr Cullen is correct in pointing out that the impact of the St Paul program was measured in terms of a reduction in birth rate rather than fertility rate. However, program staff in St Paul do not believe that the dramatic reduction in births between 1976-1977 and 1983-1984 can be explained by an increase in abortions. This belief is reinforced by a decline in positive tests for pregnancy identified over this period.
The secreted lymphangiogenic factor CCBE1 is essential for fetal liver erythropoiesis
Authors: Zhiying Zou, David R. Enis, Hung Bui, Eugene Khandros, Vinayak Kumar, Zoltan Jakus, Christopher Thom, Yiqing Yang, Veerpal Dhillon, Mei Chen, MinMin Lu, Mitchell J. Weiss, Mark L. Kahn
Journal: Blood (2013)