tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C Viral Infection in Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Linda D. Ferrell, Teresa L. Wright, John Roberts, Nancy Ascher, John Lake
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

In this study we examined multiple serial liver biopsy specimens from liver transplant recipients to determine the pathological features of hepatitis C virus-induced hepatitis. Hepatitis C virus infections acquired after transplantation and previous infections that recurred in patients after transplantation were confirmed by the results of the polymerase chain reaction. Of 43 patients infected with the hepatitis C virus, 18 had a mild form of chronic hepatitis. Four patients had hepatitis that progressed to focal bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis. There were no significant clinical or pathological differences between infections acquired after transplantation and recurrent infections (as determined by polymerase chain reaction) except that acquired infections more often developed into hepatitis. Findings indicative of hepatitis C infection included portal and parenchymal mononuclear infiltrates of varying degrees, acidophilic necrosis and swollen hepatocytes. Other common findings included lymphoid aggregates, bile duct damage and fatty change. Atypical pathological conditions included extensive hepatocyte swelling or acidophilic necrosis with minimal inflammation mimicking ischemia and ductal or ductular damage and proliferation with mixed portal infiltrates mimicking rejection or obstruction. We conclude that in transplant recipients infection by the hepatitis C virus usually produces a mild disease state, but the diagnosis of hepatitis can be difficult to make because indicators of hepatitis may mimic those of rejection, ischemia, obstruction or other hepatic infections. Serial biopsy specimens with persistent pathology and polymerase chain reaction may be necessary to define the presence of a hepatitis C virus lesion.
Elevated <scp>D</scp>‐dimers in attacks of hereditary angioedema are not associated with increased thrombotic risk
Authors: A. Reshef, A. Zanichelli, H. Longhurst, A. Relan, C. E. Hack
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Background Recommended management of attacks of hereditary angioedema ( HAE ) due to C 1 esterase inhibitor ( C 1‐ INH ) deficiency (C1‐ INH ‐ HAE ) includes therapy with exogenous C 1 INH . Thrombotic/thromboembolic events ( TEE ) have been reported with plasma‐derived C 1 INH , but so far none with recombinant human C1 INH (rhC1 INH ). This phase III , randomized, placebo (saline)‐controlled study evaluated the safety of rhC1 INH 50 IU /kg for the treatment of acute attacks in 74 patients with C1‐ INH ‐ HAE . Methods Monitoring for TEE and assessment of risk of deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ) by the Wells prediction rule were performed, and levels of fibrin degradation products (plasma D ‐dimers) were assessed before study drug administration (baseline), 2 h, and 7 days posttreatment. Results Plasma D‐dimer levels were elevated in 80% of the patients (median [25th–75th percentiles]: 2149 [480–5105] μg/l; normal ≤250 μg/l) and were higher in patients with submucosal (abdominal, oropharyngeal–laryngeal) attacks (3095 [890–10000] μg/l; n = 29) compared with subcutaneous (peripheral, facial) attacks (960 [450–4060] μg/l; n = 35). Median plasma D‐dimer levels were comparable across treatment groups at baseline (1874 [475–4568] μg/l rhC1 INH ; 2259 [586–7533] μg/l saline) and 2 h postinfusion (2389 [760–4974] μg/l rhC1 INH ; 2550 [310–8410] μg/l saline); median plasma D‐dimer levels were decreased by Day 7 in both groups (425 [232–3240] μg/l rhC1 INH ; 418 [246–2318] μg/l saline). No increased risk of DVT was identified, nor any TEE reported in rhC1 INH treated or controls. Conclusion Elevated plasma D‐dimer levels were associated with acute C1‐ INH ‐ HAE attacks, particularly with submucosal involvement. However, rhC1 INH therapy was not associated with thrombotic events.
Efficiency of oxidative work performance of skeletal muscle in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Authors: K de Meer, J A Jeneson, V A Gulmans, J van der Laag, R Berger
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--Exercise intolerance in patients with cystic fibrosis is commonly attributed to reduced pulmonary and nutritional status. The possible role of diminished efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in relation to skeletal muscle performance was investigated in patients with cystic fibrosis. METHODS--In vivo synthesis of ATP in skeletal muscle during submaximal exercise was studied in eight patients with cystic fibrosis aged 12-17 years, and in 19 healthy control subjects aged 8-36 years. The intracellular pH and concentrations of phosphate compounds were calculated at four steady states from phosphorus-31 labelled nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements in the forearm muscle during bulb squeezing in an exercise protocol. Normalised power output, expressed as percentage maximal voluntary contraction (Y, in %MVC), was related to the energy force of ATP hydrolysis (X = ln [ATP]/[ADP][Pi]). This relationship provides an in vivo measure of efficiency of oxidative work performance of skeletal muscle. RESULTS--During all workloads (but not at rest) intracellular pH was higher in the patients with cystic fibrosis than in the controls. The linear least square fit for Y = a-bX showed high correlations in both groups; the slope b was 19% lower in the patients than in the controls (11.8% v 14.5% MVC/ln M; 95% confidence interval for difference 0.3 to 5.0). CONCLUSIONS--In patients with cystic fibrosis oxidative work performance of skeletal muscle is reduced. This may be related to secondary pathophysiological changes in skeletal muscle in cystic fibrosis.
Perfluorodecalin/[InGaP/ZnS quantum dots] nanoemulsions as 19F MR/optical imaging nanoprobes for the labeling of phagocytic and nonphagocytic immune cells
Authors: Yong Taik Lim, Mi Young Cho, Ji-Hyun Kang, Young-Woock Noh, Jee-Hyun Cho, Kwan Soo Hong, Jin Woong Chung, Bong Hyun Chung
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Intractable erosive lichen planus treated successfully with rituximab
Authors: K. Heelan, M.A. McAleer, L. Roche, C. McCreary, M. Murphy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Intractable erosive lichen planus treated successfully with rituximab Get access K. Heelan, K. Heelan Department of Dermatology South Infirmary‐Victoria University Hospital Cork Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A. McAleer, M.A. McAleer Department of Dermatology South Infirmary‐Victoria University Hospital Cork Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Roche, L. Roche Department of Dermatology South Infirmary‐Victoria University Hospital Cork Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. McCreary, C. McCreary Cork University Dental School and Hospital Wilton Cork Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Murphy M. Murphy Department of Dermatology South Infirmary‐Victoria University Hospital Cork Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 2, 1 February 2015, Pages 538–540, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13537 Published: 01 February 2015
Holoprosencephaly and Trisomy 13 in a Cyclops
Authors: Ikpechukwu A. Agbata
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Holoprosencephaly is the term applied to the failure of the telencephalon to divide into two hemispheres.<sup>1</sup>The spectrum of severity of the defect ranges from the failure of the olfactory system to develop (arrhinencephaly) to failure of evagination and cleavage of the prosencephalon (cyclops).<sup>1</sup> Chromosomal analysis has been reported in some cases of cyclops, but only a few have been studied by the trypsin-Giemsa banding technique.<sup>2</sup>We report a case of cyclopia associated with holoprosencephaly and trisomy 13 (47 XX, 13+) identified by the banding pattern analysis. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> The proposita was the outcome of the third pregnancy of a 36-year-old woman who had two other normal children. The age of the husband was not stated, but there was no evidence of a consanguineous relationship. After 34 weeks of an uncomplicated pregnancy for the mother, a live, female infant (2,750 g) with the
Paraquat Poisoning
Authors: H. KENNETH FISHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

A 49-year-old man who ingested paraquat developed acute renal failure. Treatment with intravenous fluids and mannitol increased urine flow, solute clearance, and paraquat excretion, as serum creatinine fell from 11.6 to 1.2 mg/100 ml. Urinary excretion was more efficacious than peritoneal dialysis in removing paraquat. Although pleural effusions developed as a consequence of the poisoning, pulmonary function tests showed no significant abnormality, and effusions subsided by the time of discharge. The outcome of this patient demonstrates that recovery from paraquat poisoning may occur despite acute renal failure and evidence of pulmonary injury. Before paraquat is completely removed from the body, oxygen therapy may itself carry increased risk of lung injury.
Genetic factors play a role in risk of sexual offending, study finds
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Brothers and sons of convicted sex offenders are five times more likely than other men to commit such offences themselves, researchers have found—and genes, not a shared environment, are likely to be responsible.

A new study using large Swedish databases on family relationships and criminal convictions confirmed earlier studies’ findings that sexual offences tend to run in families. But this study went further, overturning the widely accepted view that this is the result of a shared environment. It is far more likely, a team from Stockholm and Oxford concluded, that genes hold the key and are responsible for 40% of the difference in risk between offenders and non-offenders. A shared environment contributes only 2% of the risk, the team reported.1

“This does not imply that the sons and brothers of sex offenders inevitably become offenders too,” said Niklas Langstrom, professor of psychiatric epidemiology at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm and lead author of the study, at a briefing at the …
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF B-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MITRAL REGURGITATION UNDERGOING SURGERY
Authors: In-Chang Hwang, Yong-Jin Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim, Seung-Pyo Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Dae Won Sohn, Byung-Hee Oh, Young-Bae Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract 547: Ethnic differences in CYP19A1 intronic SNPs and haplotype distributions among African American and Caucasian populations
Authors: Athena Starlard-Davenport, Rosalind B. Penney, Ishwori Dhakal, Susan Kadlubar
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ethnicity and gender variability in estrogen metabolism is an important consideration for assessing cancer risk and therapeutic efficacy in clinical medicine. Aromatase, encoded by the CYP19A1 gene, is a key enzyme that facilitates the bioconversion of estrogens from androgens. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CYP19A1 influence the expression and activity of the enzyme and may also confer susceptibility to estrogen-dependent diseases and/or modulate the genotype-phenotype relationship among certain ethnic groups. In the present study, we evaluated SNPs within the intron region of the CYP19A1 gene and determined the allele and genotype frequencies of ten functionally relevant, tagged CYP19A1 SNPs in a total of 407 healthy African American (AA) and Caucasian (CA) subjects from Arkansas using Taqman SNP assays. The observed frequencies of the CYP19A1 minor alleles for the SNPs rs10459592 (T), rs12591359 (A), rs12908960 (A), rs11856927 (G), rs749292 (A), rs2470152 (A), rs1902584 (T), rs2470144 (T), rs1961177 (T), and rs6493497 (T) are 49.3, 39.2, 37.3, 43.5, 50, 48.7, 12, 38, 22, and 17, respectively. Gender-specific assessment showed significant differences in the genotype frequency for only rs1902584; however, significant inter-ethnic variability between the two groups was detected in the distribution of the majority of the CYP19A1 variants, including rs10459592 (p &amp;lt;0.001), rs12908960 (p&amp;lt;0.001), rs1902584 (p = 0.0157), rs2470144 (p&amp;lt;0.001), rs1961177 (p&amp;lt;0.001), and rs6493497 (p=0.0029). Haplotype analysis identified 3 CYP19A1 SNPs (rs10459592, rs12591359, rs12908960) that were in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) and resulted in one LD block. In addition, CYP19A1 mRNA expression tended to be lower among subjects who were either homozygous or heterozygous for the CYP19A1 minor allele compared to those homozygous for the common allele, except for rs12591359, rs2470144, and rs1961177. In summary, our results provide evidence of ethnic differences in the frequency of CYP19A1 intronic SNPs between African American and Caucasian populations, suggesting that contributions of CYP19A1 SNPs in multiethnic epidemiological studies should be considered for translation of pharmacogenetics of aromatase inhibitors and for accessing risk of estrogen-dependent diseases across ethnic groups. Citation Format: Athena Starlard-Davenport, Rosalind B. Penney, Ishwori Dhakal, Susan Kadlubar. Ethnic differences in CYP19A1 intronic SNPs and haplotype distributions among African American and Caucasian populations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 547. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-547
The British National Health Service
Authors: Alister Brass
Journal: JAMA (1970)

"A devilish concept of political ideologues and dogmatists... or a sincere effort to improve the lot of ordinary people when they are sick?" The question was asked, and answered, at a seminar on the British National Health Service arranged by the American College of Hospital Administrators. The nine lectures have now been published in paperback. The British experiment has many lessons for America. In the first of two lectures, Prof. T.E. Chester, an expert in hospital administration and management, describes the circumstances which led to the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948. It was a natural sequel to the emergency medical services operating in Britain during the war. In the second he describes the organizational structure of the service, and comments on the recurrent criticisms the system has incurred. In other lectures, the detailed workings of individual hospitals, local authorities, and the Ministry of Health are discussed
Prediction and postdiction: Two frameworks with the goal of delay compensation
Authors: David M. Eagleman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Although prediction is one of the key tasks of intelligent brains, it often proves impossible in an unpredictably changing world. Hence, brains often decide what happened retrospectively. This framework of postdiction, the opposite of prediction, stands as an alternative or complimentary framework to prediction. I further show how motor-sensory recalibration demonstrates delay compensation at the perceptual level.
Different pathways of canalicular secretion of sulfated and non-sulfated fluorescent bile acids: a study in isolated hepatocyte couplets and TR − rats
Authors: Charles O Mills, Piotr Milkiewicz, Michael Müller, Marcelo G Roma, Rick Havinga, Roger Coleman, Folkert Kuipers, Peter L.M Jansen, Elwyn Elias
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Oral fluconazole treatment of fungating candidiasis in the keratitis, ichthyosis and deafness (KID) syndrome
Authors: S. SHIRAISHI, S. MURAKAMI, Y. MIKI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article Oral fluconazole treatment of fungating candidiasis in the keratitis, ichthyosis and deafness (KID) syndrome Get access S. SHIRAISHI, S. SHIRAISHI Department of Dermatology, University of Ehime School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan Dr S.Shiraishi. Department of Dermatology, University of Ehime School of Medicine, Shigenobucho. Onsengun, Ehime, 791‐02. Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. MURAKAMI, S. MURAKAMI Department of Dermatology, University of Ehime School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. MIKI Y. MIKI Department of Dermatology, University of Ehime School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 131, Issue 6, 1 December 1994, Pages 904–907, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08600.x Published: 01 December 1994 Article history Accepted: 14 April 1994 Published: 01 December 1994
The Twenty-Four Hour Mind: The Role of Sleep and Dreaming in Our Emotional Lives
Authors: Elaine W. Cotlove
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Potential Hazard of Serotonin Syndrome Associated With Dexfenfluramine Hydrochloride (Redux)
Authors: Carlos H. Schenck
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The Food and Drug Administration recently approved labeling of dexfenfluramine hydrochloride for the long-term treatment of obesity.<sup>1,2</sup>Primary care physicians, not just obesity treatment specialists, will almost certainly be targets of an intense marketing campaign by the manufacturer of dexfenfluramine, since this drug purportedly represents an advance in the management of a major public health problem. However, we feel compelled to alert physicians to the hazard of serotonin syndrome<sup>3,4</sup>that awaits the use of dexfenfluramine within the context of contemporary psychotropic prescribing patterns. Dexfenfluramine is a nonspecific serotonin agonist that both enhances the release of serotonin from axonal terminals of presynaptic neurons and inhibits the reuptake of serotonin into these terminals, resulting in a potent increase of serotonin availability at postsynaptic receptors.<sup>5</sup>The potential for serotonin syndrome exists if dexfenfluramine is taken concurrently with 1 or more of the many serotoninergic drugs that are
Drug points: Beware congesting nasal decongestants
Authors: D. Burley
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The report by Dr M K Albazzaz and others (13 December, p 1537) sheds light on a recent case of a 38 year old man with ankylosing spondylitis admitted to the renal unit in oligoanuric renal failure (creatinine 800 [tmol/l).He had been taking azapro- pazone 600 mg daily for the previous 12 months.Ultrasound examination showed normal sized kid- neys, and a renal biopsy showed only areas of focal interstitial fibrosis.The azapropazone was withdrawn and after dietary management his renal function recovered to a creatinine clearance of 30 ml/min.Acute renal failure has been reported in patients who developed acute pyelonephritis while taking non- steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (including azapro- pazone),I and the interactions between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the kidneys have been reviewed.2The mechanism of our patient's mild chronic renal impairment was presumably drug in- duced interstitial fibrosis,3 but in view of the above report and the lack of evidence of glomerular or tubular damage on renal biopsy the pathogenesis of his acute episode is likely to have been allergic.Extreme care is needed in evaluating the risk-benefit ratio when prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.1 Atkinson LK, Goodship THJ, Ward MK.Acute renal failure associated with acute pyelonephritis and consumption of non- steroidal anti-inflamnatory drugs.
Binding of factor H to tubular epithelial cells limits interstitial complement activation in ischemic injury
Authors: Brandon Renner, Viviana P. Ferreira, Claudio Cortes, Ryan Goldberg, Danica Ljubanovic, Michael K. Pangburn, Matthew C. Pickering, Stephen Tomlinson, Amanda Holland-Neidermyer, Derek Strassheim, V. Michael Holers, Joshua M. Thurman
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Benzodiazepines cause small loss of body weight.
Authors: I Oswald, K Adam
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Renal embolisation in Glanzmann's thrombastheniaThe bleeding tendency in patients with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia can usually be corrected by platelet transfusions.We report a case in which haematuria did not respond to platelet transfusions but was stopped by renal embolisation. Case reportThe patient, a 58-year-old woman, had suffered from excessive bleeding since early childhood.The coagulation studies were diagnostic of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia with diminished platelet aggregation in response to ristocetin (table).She was admitted to hospital because of intractable haematuria for which no cause could be established.There were no signs of urinary tract infection or stones.No tumour cells were found in the Laboratory studies during period of chronic bleeding in patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia Patient Normal Platelet count 200 x 109/1 150-350 x 109/1 Platelet morphology Normal Normal Bleeding time (Ivy) .. > 15 min 1-3 min Factor VIII: C (one-stage) 560°' 50-150°' Factor VIII R: Ag (Laurell) 450%O 50-150%Z Clot retraction at two hours. .
Agencies denounce Zimbabwe’s ban on aid workers
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Zimbabwe’s decision to suspend aid agencies from operating in rural areas, accusing them of political bias and interference, has caused international outrage and concerns that it may cause a nutritional disaster.

John Holmes, the United Nations undersecretary general for humanitarian affairs, said, “This is a deplorable decision that comes at a critical humanitarian juncture for the people of Zimbabwe.

“Much of the UN’s own humanitarian aid in Zimbabwe, as elsewhere, is programmed through non-governmental organisations (NGOs). If voluntary organisations and NGOs are not able to work, humanitarian aid for at least two million of the most poor and vulnerable of Zimbabwe’s people, …