tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral Cimetidine Improves the Accuracy and Precision of Creatinine Clearance in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Ronenn Roubenoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Objective: To determine whether short-term use of oral Cimetidine improves the precision of creatinine clearance (CCr) and reduces the overestimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that occurs with this test in patients with lupus nephritis (because creatinine is secreted by injured renal tubular cells). Design: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial. Patients: Thirteen patients with lupus nephritis with mild renal insufficiency (mean serum creatinine, 230 µmol/l [2.6 mg/dL]; median, 106 µmol/L [1.2 mg/dL]). Interventions: Patients were given placebo or Cimetidine tablets, 400 mg four times daily for 2 days, with ambulatory 24-hour urine collection during the second 24 hours ("outpatient study"). Simultaneous 4-hour technetium-99-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Tc99-DTPA) and CCrs, were measured immediately after each 24-hour collection ("simultaneous study"). Measurements and Main Results: Use of Cimetidine improved the accuracy of CCr, as measured by the CDTPA-to-CCr ratio (1.07 [Cimetidine] compared with 1.33 [placebo]; P< 0.05). Cimetidine use also improved the precision of CCr (P < 0.05). In addition, when compared with standard clinical estimators of GFR, creatinine clearance with Cimetidine rendered the most precise estimates of GFR and explained more of the variation in GFR estimation than did any other method (R2 = 0.78 compared with R2 = 0.52 to 0.63). These effects were shown under both simultaneous and outpatient conditions. No side effects due to Cimetidine occurred. Conclusions: In patients with lupus nephritis, the cimetidineaided CCr offers a compromise between the precise and accurate but expensive and inconvenient research techniques (inulin, iothalamate, or DTPA clearances) and the grossly inaccurate and imprecise but convenient technique (CCr) for determining GFR.
Amelioration of both Functional and Morphological Abnormalities in the Retina of a Mouse Model of Ocular Albinism Following AAV-Mediated Gene Transfer
Authors: Enrico Maria Surace, Luciano Domenici, Katia Cortese, Gabriella Cotugno, Umberto Di Vicino, Consuelo Venturi, Alessandro Cellerino, Valeria Marigo, Carlo Tacchetti, Andrea Ballabio, Alberto Auricchio
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

X-linked recessive ocular albinism type I (OA1) is due to mutations in the OA1 gene (approved gene symbol GPR143), which is expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The Oa1 (Gpr143) knockout mouse (Oa1(-/-)) model recapitulates many of the OA1 retinal morphological anomalies, including a lower number of melanosomes of increased size in the RPE. The Oa1(-/-) mouse also displays some of the retinal developmental abnormalities observed in albino patients such as misrouting of the optic tracts. Here, we show that these anomalies are associated with retinal electrophysiological abnormalities, including significant decrease in a- and b-wave amplitude and delayed recovery of b-wave amplitude from photoreceptor desensitization following bright light exposure. This suggests that lack of Oa1 in the RPE impacts on photoreceptor activity. More interestingly, adeno-associated viral vector-mediated Oa1 gene transfer to the retina of the Oa1(-/-) mouse model results in significant recovery of its retinal functional abnormalities. In addition, Oa1 retinal gene transfer increases the number of melanosomes in the Oa1(-/-) mouse RPE. Our data show that gene transfer to the adult retina unexpectedly rescues both functional and morphological abnormalities in a retinal developmental disorder, opening novel potential therapeutic perspectives for this and other forms of albinism.
Psychotherapy for Latency-Age Children in an Inner City Therapeutic School
Authors: PAUL N. GRAFFAGNINO, FRANK G. BUCKNAM, IBRAHIM N. ORGUN, ROBERT M. LEVE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The authors examine the role of a traditional treatment approach—psychoanalytically oriented child psychotherapy—in an innovative special school program designed to help hitherto unreachable early latency children from core city problem families. The findings suggest the possibility that it might indeed be a disservice to these children not to offer them a chance at the psychotherapeutic approach at the same time that they receive special schooling and environmental intervention.
The role of fatty acids from fish in the prevention of stroke
Authors: J. de Goede, J. M. Geleijnse
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Fish oil supplements may not be protective in at risk patients who are optimally managed 

Fish consumption once or twice a week is widely recommended for cardiovascular health. Fish is the main dietary source of the long chain omega 3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. Low doses of these fatty acids (about 250 mg/day) have been suggested to protect against death from coronary heart disease (CHD).1 Fewer data are available on the part that fish intake plays in preventing stroke. In a linked systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies and randomised controlled trials (doi:10.1136/bmj.e6698), Chowdhury and colleagues evaluate the role of fish and omega 3 fatty acid intake in the primary and secondary prevention of stroke.2

Several meta-analyses on fish and incident stroke have been published previously.3 4 5 A 2004 meta-analysis of eight population based prospective cohort studies found that eating fish at least once a week was significantly associated with a 13-31% reduction in the risk of stroke when compared with eating fish less than once per month. The association was most pronounced for ischaemic stroke. A recently published update of this meta-analysis, which analysed 16 prospective cohort studies, came to a similar conclusion, although the effect sizes were smaller (9-14% lower risk).5 Another meta-analysis, published in 2011, which was based on 15 prospective cohort …
Two distinct auto-regulatory loops operate at the PU.1 locus in B cells and myeloid cells
Authors: Mathias Leddin, Chiara Perrod, Maarten Hoogenkamp, Saeed Ghani, Salam Assi, Sven Heinz, Nicola K. Wilson, George Follows, Jörg Schönheit, Lena Vockentanz, Ali M. Mosammam, Wei Chen, Daniel G. Tenen, David R. Westhead, Berthold Göttgens, Constanze Bonifer, Frank Rosenbauer
Journal: Blood (2011)
SEROLOGICALLY REACTIVE POLYSACCHARIDES PRODUCED THROUGH THE ACTION OF BACTERIAL ENZYMES
Authors: Edward J. Hehre, John Y. Sugg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

A serologically reactive polysaccharide of dextran nature was produced from sucrose by the action of some enzyme or similar heat-labile agent contained in sterile filtered extracts derived from sucrose broth cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Rigorous controls were included to prove that this reaction occurred in the absence of microorganisms. Purified preparations of the dextran formed by the sterile extracts were similar to the dextran elaborated in sucrose broth cultures of the bacteria in respect to both chemical and serological properties. The serological likeness was established not only by tests against leuconostoc antiserums but also by cross reactions with antiserums of Types 2, 20, and 12 pneumococci and by tests against a series of variously absorbed antiserums.
The NHS in Dumfries and Galloway: straining but optimistic
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Nineteen years ago Richard Smith looked at the NHS in Dumfries and Galloway, in Scotland, and concluded that it worked well.1 Ten years ago things weren't so good.2 And now …

The long view of the NHS in Dumfries and Galloway, in Scotland, might be summarised as more staff, bigger and better buildings, more technology, and more activity but failure to keep up with rising demand and expectations from both patients and politicians. The result is a sense of strain and even disappointment. The unwritten contract, whereby doctors and other clinicians work long hours and take great responsibility in a perhaps patrician way in return for respect and considerable freedom, seems to be changing to one in which they are more tightly managed and less respected, and, as a result, they may be less willing to give their all. As one retired consultant put it: “The doctors no longer own the system.”

#### Summary points

Compared with 20 years ago, the NHS in Dumfries and Galloway has more staff, better buildings, and uses new technology, but staff feel they can never keep up with the expectations of patients and politicians.

Initiatives from on high, such as the internal market, may come and go without making much difference on the ground.

A new maternity hospital is about to be built through the private finance initiative.

Telemedicine may have an essential role in such a large but sparsely populated district.

Information technology is way behind the times.

Nurses are fed up, doctors much less so.

Patients are steadily becoming much more influential.

The battle over how best to organise surgical services in Stranraer, which is two hours by road from Dumfries, continues and preoccupies many in the health service.

Three issues seemed to come up in almost every conversation I had in the …
SURGICAL CORRECTION OF MALFORMATION AND SPEECH DEFECTS DUE TO OR ASSOCIATED WITH HARE-LIP AND CLEFT PALATE.
Authors: George V I Brown
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>ADULTS AND CHILDREN WITH PERMANENT TEETH.</h3> The treatment of cases of the fourth class—shown in Figs. 14, 15, 16 and 17, all of the same case—is in all respects practically the same, except that the appliance needs to be made of strong material, because permanent teeth form points of attachment and older jaws give more resistance. When it is desired to hasten the contracting process, the patient is anesthetized and the surgical engine bur passed along the posterior portion of the buccal side of the jaw just under the teeth and the external plates of the maxillæ cut through, this being the point at which the greatest resistance is offered, and when weakened in this manner pressure is made by the use of suitably adjusted forceps, which bring the two sides as nearly together as possible without complete fracture. The appliance and screw hold the parts in place, and continuous
Prevention of Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia with Oral Bretylium Tosylate
Authors: REX N. MACALPIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

A patient with coronary artery disease had at least 77 episodes of ventricular tachycardia over a 4-year period, all of which required electroconversion. The usual therapies, including atrial pacing, failed to prevent recurrences that were increasingly frequent. The initiation of therapy with bretylium tosylate abruptly terminated the recurrences of arrhythmia, and the patient has had no episodes for 20 months while taking 400 mg, by mouth, every 8 hr.
Bradycardiac Angina: Haemodynamic Aspects and Treatment
Authors: P. B. S. Fowler, H. Ikram, R. N. Maini, A. R. Makey, J. S. Kirkham
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A patient with a sinus bradycardia and angina is described who was unable to increase his heart rate on vigorous exercise by more than a few beats. His severe angina was attributed to the bradycardia. Atrial pacing of his heart abolished his angina and increased his exercise tolerance. Circulatory changes at rest, on exertion, and with atrial pacing are described. The cause of angina in this patient is discussed.
Tubal Sterilization and Subsequent Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Victoria L. Holt
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To assess the relative risk of ectopic pregnancy associated with postpartum or interval tubal sterilization.Case-control study using a comparison group of women of reproductive age at risk of pregnancy.Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, a health maintenance organization based in Seattle, Wash. organization based in Seattle, Wash.Cases were 249 enrollees diagnosed as having an ectopic pregnancy between October 1, 1981, and September 30, 1986. Controls were 835 randomly selected enrollees matched to cases on age and county of residence.Information on interval sterilization history was obtained from interviews, examination of medical records, automated hospitalization files and a previously validated algorithm. A logistic regression model was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) for sterilized women compared with women using other types of or no contraception at the reference date.Controlling for age, county, race, smoking, income, gravidity, and prior use of a Dalkon Shield intrauterine device, the risk of ectopic pregnancy in women who had undergone interval sterilization was 3.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 8.0) times that of women currently using oral contraception and 2.8 (95% CI, 1.5 to 5.5) times that of women currently using barrier contraceptive methods. Use of interval sterilization was associated with a risk of ectopic pregnancy similar to that of women using intrauterine devices (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4 to 1.7) and a risk lower than that of women who were not using contraception (RR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.3). The corresponding RRs associated with postpartum sterilization were lower: 1.2 (95% CI, 0.3 to 3.9), 0.9 (95% CI, 0.3 to 2.8), 0.3 (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.8), and 0.1 (95% CI, 0.0 to 0.2), respectively.Tubal sterilization provides some protection against extrauterine as well as intrauterine pregnancy. It is likely that postpartum sterilization can be a safe alternative to all types of temporary contraception in terms of risk of ectopic pregnancy, while some types of interval sterilization may lead to an increased risk, in comparison with use of oral contraceptives or barrier methods.
Heart Disease Risk Determines Menopausal Age Rather Than the Reverse
Authors: Helen S. Kok, Kristel M. van Asselt, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Ingeborg van der Tweel, Petra H.M. Peeters, Peter W.F. Wilson, Peter L. Pearson, Diederick E. Grobbee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
An Old-Fashioned Method of Trussing Ruptured Infants
Authors: W. Pye
Journal: BMJ (1887)

unwarrantable force had been used, either to press upward or to pull downward the great trochanter, which lay not more than one-sixth of an inch above Nelaton's line.He walked very well and straight arm- in-arm with persons on either side.I did not think it prudent to let him go alone.I also thought it advisable that he should wear the instrument on board ship.Both these cases are in excellent condition ; the former not leaving England, I have been able to watch longer; she is well able to go about, to take walks, to enjoy life, and has no limp.The latter I am sorryS not to have longer under observation, but
STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY OF WISCONSINSixty-fourth Annual Meeting, held in Milioaulice, June 22, 1910
Authors: Edward Evans
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Photochemical reactions of Heracleum laciniatum. Influence of dimethyl sulphoxide and corticosteroids
Authors: G. KAVLI, K. MIDELFART, G. VOLDEN, H. KROKAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Phytophotodermatitis of Heracleum laciniatum is quite common in Tromsø during the summer months. The clinical picture varies from mild to severe erythematous reactions with or without vesicles or bullae on the exposed parts of the body. Phototoxic reactions of Heracleum laciniatum are reported. The influences on phototoxic reactions by bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) and UV-A by treating the skin with a membrane labilizing agent, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and a membrane stabilizing agent, the steroid desoximethasone, are evaluated.
Abstract 2340: Lactic acidosis triggers starvation response with distinct metabolic profiles by the induction of TXNIP through MondoA
Authors: Julia, Ling-Yu Chen, Daniel Merl, Chris Peterson, Jianli Wu, Patrick Yantyng Liu, Mike West, Don Ayer, Jen-Tsan Chi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Although lactic acidosis and other tumor microenvironmental stresses are prominent features in solid tumors, how they influence the phenotypes of cancer cells are not well understood. We compared the transcriptional response of breast cancer cells under three distinct tumor microenvironmental stresses – lactic acidosis, glucose deprivation and hypoxia. We found that lactic acidosis induced gene expression highly similar to glucose deprivation and triggered features of starvation response. In spite of their similar transcriptional response, lactic acidosis had opposite effects on the glucose uptake to glucose deprivation. This discrepancy guided the supervised analysis of expression data to identify TXNIP as the potential regulator for such divergent metabolic effects. TXNIP and its paralogue ARRDC4 were both induced under lactic acidosis and repressed with glucose deprivation. Their expression was also highly correlated with predicted lactic acidosis pathway activities and associated with favorable clinical outcomes in human cancers. These findings are due to the ability of TXNIP to inhibit the tumor glycolytic phenotypes and redirect energy generation toward aerobic respiration. The induction of TXNIP under lactic acidosis is caused by the activation of the glucose-sensing helix-loop-helix transcriptional complex MondoA: Mlx. Lactic acidosis activates the MondoA-TXNIP pathways and contributes to its “anti-Warburg” metabolic effects and anti-tumor properties of cancer cells. These findings illustrate the value of such integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolic response under various tumor microenvironmental stresses and may lead to important insights on how they influence the phenotypic and metabolic adaptations in human cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2340.
Robotic Kidney Transplantation with Regional Hypothermia: A Step-by-step Description of the Vattikuti Urology Institute–Medanta Technique (IDEAL Phase 2a)
Authors: Mani Menon, Akshay Sood, Mahendra Bhandari, Vijay Kher, Prasun Ghosh, Ronney Abaza, Wooju Jeong, Khurshid R Ghani, Ramesh K Kumar, Pranjal Modi, Rajesh Ahlawat
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Correlation of platelet survival time with occlusion of saphenous vein aorto-coronary bypass grafts.
Authors: P Steele, D Battock, G Pappas, E Genton
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Platelet survival time is frequently shortened in patients with coronary artery disease, and it is one of several factors that might contribute to graft occlusion after saphenous vein coronary artery bypass (CAB). In 35 patients with CAB, average platelet survival (autologous labeling with 51Chromium) was shortened in 20 with one or more saphenous vein grafts occluded and normal in 15 with all grafts open. Of 15 with all grafts open, individual levels of platelet survival were normal in 10 while in 20 with one or more grafts occluded platelet survival was normal in only one. Platelet survival was not altered by coronary surgery and nine of ten with shortened platelet survival pre-operatively had graft occlusion. Platelet survival did not correlate with either parent artery occlusion or serum lipoproteins. These findings suggest a relationship between shortened platelet survival and saphenous vein graft occlusion and suggest that platelet suppressant therapy might be useful in preventing graft occlusion.
Diagnosis of Metastatic Liver Cancer
Authors: Jorge A. Franco
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Jan 13, 1984, issue ofThe Journalcontains favorable statements concerning the efficacy of radionuclide scans. The article by Dr Silberstein<sup>1</sup>is a little biased in favor of nuclear medicine. What is needed to document the reliability of this diagnostic technique and its efficacy compared with alternative diagnostic methods are prospective comparative studies involving the modalities in question. There are few published prospective comparative studies. Among the best known, in Europe, is the Belgian study by Mulder et al.<sup>2</sup>One hundred patients with carcinoma of the digestive tract had a computed tomographic (CT) scan and a radionuclide liver scan prior to operation. Both were reported to have the same degree of diagnostic reliability (about 80% correct diagnosis). Among the American studies, the better known are the Harvard series by Alderson et al<sup>3</sup>and the Roswell Park study by Temple et al.<sup>4</sup>In
Alterations in left ventricular three-dimensional dynamic geometry and systolic function during acute right ventricular hypertension in the conscious dog.
Authors: M C Visner, C E Arentzen, M J O'Connor, E V Larson, R W Anderson
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Fifteen chronically instrumented, conscious dogs were studied to determine whether, in the intact circulation, mechanical interactions dictated by the anatomic contiguity of the two ventricles significantly alter left ventricular (LV) dynamic geometry and systolic function during acute right ventricular (RV) hypertension. The three-dimensional geometry of the left ventricle was monitored with three pairs of ultrasonic dimension transducers; ventricular pressures were measured with micromanometers. Data collected during pulmonary artery constriction (RV pressure 68 +/- 8/7 +/- 4 mm Hg) were compared with control data collected at matched heart rates (RV pressure 32 +/- 8/4 +/- 4 mm Hg). During pulmonary artery constriction, mean calculated LV end-diastolic volumes decreased from 69.2 +/- 20.0 to 56.2 +/- 21.3 cm3 (p less than or equal to 0.05). Mean systolic stroke volume decreased from 20.6 +/- 5.5 to 14.0 +/- 6.3 cm3 (p less than or equal to 0.05). These changes were entirely accounted for by alterations in the behavior of the LV septal-free wall minor axis and rearrangements in LV equatorial geometry. When the pulmonary artery was constricted, elongation of the septal-free wall axis occurred during isovolumic systole and was accompanied by a reciprocal decrease in anterior-posterior dimension. Most of the decrease in septal-free wall dimension occurred during relaxation and early diastole rather than during ejection. Mean septal-free wall end-diastolic dimension decreased from 5.45 +/- 0.69 to 4.90 +/- 0.75 cm (p less than or equal to 0.05). The mean systolic decrease in septal-free wall dimension fell from 0.36 +/- 0.18 to 0.14 +/- 0.22 cm (p less than or equal to 0.05). The end-diastolic dimensions and systolic shortening of the LV anterior-posterior minor axis and base-apex major axis were not significantly altered by pulmonary artery constriction. These findings suggest that during acute RV hypertension, impairment of LV systolic function and rearrangements in LV dynamic geometry are primarily the result of the anatomic contiguity of the two ventricles.