tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>FLG</i>mutation p.Lys4021X in the C-terminal imperfect filaggrin repeat in Japanese patients with atopic eczema
Authors: I. Nemoto-Hasebe, M. Akiyama, T. Nomura, A. Sandilands, W.H.I. McLean, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin (FLG) have been shown to predispose to atopic eczema (AE).Further to establish population genetics of FLG mutations in the Japanese population and to elucidate effects of FLG mutations to filaggrin biosynthesis in skin of patients with AE.We searched for FLG mutations in 19 newly recruited Japanese patients with AE. We then screened 137 Japanese patients with AE and 134 Japanese control individuals for a novel mutation identified in the present study. In addition, we evaluated FLG mRNA expression by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and profilaggrin/filaggrin protein expression by immunohistochemical staining in the epidermis of the patients carrying the novel mutation.We identified a novel FLG nonsense mutation c.12069A>T (p.Lys4021X) in one patient with AE. Upon further screening, p.Lys4021X was identified in four patients with AE (2.9% of all the patients with AE). In total, there are at least eight FLG variants in the Japanese population. Here we show that about 27% of patients in our Japanese AE case series carry one or more of these eight FLG mutations and these variants are also carried by 3.7% of Japanese general control individuals. There is a significant statistical association between the eight FLG mutations and AE (chi(2) P = 6.50 x 10(-8)). Interestingly, the present nonsense mutation is in the C-terminal incomplete filaggrin repeat and is the mutation nearest the C-terminal among previously reported FLG mutations. Immunohistochemical staining for filaggrin revealed that this nonsense mutation leads to remarkable reduction of filaggrin protein expression in the patients' epidermis.We clearly demonstrated that FLG mutations are significantly associated with AE in the Japanese population. The present results further support the hypothesis that the C-terminal region is essential for proper processing of profilaggrin to filaggrin.
Compensatory lung growth occurs in adult dogs after right pneumonectomy.
Authors: C C Hsia, L F Herazo, F Fryder-Doffey, E R Weibel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We investigated the structural changes in the left lung of five adult male foxhounds 5 mo (n = 2) or 16 mo (n = 3) after right pneumonectomy (approximately 54% of lung resected) and five sex- and age-matched foxhounds 15-16 mo after right thoracotomy without pneumonectomy. Lungs were fixed by intratracheal instillation of glutaraldehyde and analyzed by standard morphometric techniques. After right pneumonectomy, volume of the left lung increased by 72%. Volumes of all septal structures increased significantly and were more pronounced at 5 than at 16 mo after pneumonectomy. At 16 mo, the relative increases in volume with respect to the control left lung were as follows: epithelium 73%, interstitium 100%, endothelium 55%, and capillary blood volume 43%. Surface areas of alveoli and capillary increased significantly by 52% and 34%, respectively. At 5 mo after pneumonectomy, harmonic mean thickness of the tissue-plasma barrier was significantly greater but at 16 mo it was not different from controls. There was a significant increase in diffusing capacity for oxygen (33% above controls) at 16 mo after pneumonectomy. These data suggest that, in contrast to previous findings after left pneumonectomy, compensatory lung growth does occur in adult dogs after resection of > 50% of lung.
Fatal Nephropathy and Adrenal Necrosis after Translumbar Aortography
Authors: M. J. Ciccantelli, William B. Gallagher, F. C. Skemp, P. C. Dietz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

TRANSLUMBAR aortography has become an important diagnostic procedure in the study of occlusive disease of the lower aorta. Dos Santos,1 a Portuguese urologist, introduced the method clinically in 1929, and used it to study the kidney. More recently degenerative-disease patterns in the aorta and iliac vessels have been delineated, and the segmental nature of atherosclerosis in these large vessels established. With the development of operative procedures to improve these conditions (such as thrombendarterectomy, excision and grafts and shunts), the indications for aortography have increased.The earlier literature2 3 4 made little mention of untoward side effects, but in recent months the procedure . . .
Leukotoxin Diols from Ground Corncob Bedding Disrupt Estrous Cyclicity in Rats and Stimulate MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Barry M. Markaverich, Jan R. Crowley, Mary A. Alejandro, Kevin Shoulars, Nancy Casajuna, Shaila Mani, Andrea Reyna, John Sharp
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of ground corncob bedding extracts characterized two components (peak I and peak II) that disrupted endocrine function in male and female rats and stimulated breast and prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The active substances in peak I were identified as an isomeric mixture of 9,12-oxy-10,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and 10,13-oxy-9,12-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid, collectively designated tetrahydrofurandiols (THF-diols). Studies presented here describe the purification and identification of the HPLC peak II component as 9,10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (leukotoxin diol; LTX-diol), a well-known leukotoxin. A synthetic mixture of LTX-diol and 12,13-dihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (iso-leukotoxin diol; i-LTX-diol) isomers was separated by HPLC, and each isomer stimulated (p < 0.001) MCF-7 cell proliferation in an equivalent fashion. The LTX-diol isomers failed to compete for [3H]estradiol binding to the estrogen receptor or nuclear type II sites, even though oral administration of very low doses of these compounds (>> 0.8 mg/kg body weight/day) disrupted estrous cyclicity in female rats. The LTX-diols did not disrupt male sexual behavior, suggesting that sex differences exist in response to these endocrine-disruptive agents.
The effects of prolonged -adrenoceptor blockade on heart weight and cardiac intracellular potentials in rabbits
Authors: E. M. V. WILLIAMS, A. E. G. RAINE, A. A. CABRERA, J. M. WHYTE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Estimates were made in vivo in rabbits of the relative β-receptor blocking potency and duration of action of propranolol and practolol. In further experiments groups of litter mates were injected twice daily with approximately equi-active amounts of propranolol or practolol, or with saline, for several weeks. The heart weights of the treated animals were significantly lower than those of the controls, the water contents were higher, and the dry weight differences were highly significant; −16.8% after 2 mg/kg bd propranolol for six weeks and −33.8% after 10 mg/kg practolol. (The treated animals grew less rapidly than the controls; when corrected for body weight these figures were −11.9% and −20.4%, respectively.) In the practolol group, but not the propranolol group, the duration of the atrial intracellular potentials was prolonged. There was no evidence that the prolonged treatment with either drug had a negative inotropic effect, or reduced positive inotropic responses to isoprenaline.
The circulatory effects of Practolol (ICI 50172) in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: D. E. Jewitt, P. A. Burgess, J. P. Shillingford
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1970)

The circulatory effects of Practolol (ICI 50172), a cardio-selective β-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, have been studied in 15 patients during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. A negative chronotropic effect followed doses of 5 and 25 mg given intravenously. In five patients who received the 5 mg dose, the fall in heart rate was not associated with any significant change in cardiovascular function and only a modest negative inotropic effect was observed in the 10 patients who were given 25 mg. Comparison with the known effects of propranolol suggests that Practolol possesses an important advantage when used in patients with myocardial infarction.
Alarmingly decreasing rates of amoxicillin-clavulanate susceptibility among clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae from 2001 to 2009 in a medical center in Taiwan
Authors: Kuei-Pin Chung, Yu-Tsung Huang, Li-Na Lee, Chong-Jen Yu, Chih-Cheng Lai, Po-Ren Hsueh
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
Quality-of-Care Assessment: Choosing a Method for Peer Review
Authors: Robert H. Brook, Francis A. Appel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract To evaluate the procedures used to assess quality of care, five peer-review methods were compared. These methods involved judgments based on two kinds of data: what physicians did for the patients (process); and what happened to the patients (outcome). Criteria used to make judgments were either predetermined by group consensus (explicit), or selected subjectively by individual reviewers (implicit). The care of 296 patients with urinary-tract infection, hypertension or ulcerated gastric or duodenal lesions was reviewed with use of the five methods. Depending on the method, from 1.4 to 63.2 per cent of patients were judged to have received adequate care. Judgment of process using explicit criteria yielded the fewest acceptable cases (1.4 per cent). The largest differences found were between methods using different sources of data. Thus, medical care, judged with implicit criteria, was rated adequate for 23.3 per cent of patients when process, and 63.2 per cent when outcome was used. (N Engl J Med ...
Demonstration of Subdural Empyema by CT Scanning-Reply
Authors: Ralph O. Dunker
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Davidson's comments are true as far as they go. Improved x-ray film detection configurations and more sophisticated computer programs give the later-generation CT scanners improved resolution. Still, we continue to regard our new scanner as invaluable but not infallible. The features common to most of the reported cases of failure to diagnose subdural empyema by CT scan were as follows: (1) all were acute, fulminant infections in persons without previous intracranial lesions; (2) the subdural pus was in a thin layer widely dispersed in the subdural space; and (3) the pus was not confined by any subdural membranes other than normal arachnoid. In our two reported cases, the thickest collections of pus were in the basal subarachnoid space that surrounded the left temporal tip and in the left frontal parasagittal region. These two regions are best seen with coronal reconstructions of the CT, which were not available
Abstract 20210: Impact of Additional School Sports on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiopulmonary Fitness in School Children With Different Socio-Educational Status
Authors: Katharina Machalica, Ulrike M Muller, Volker Adams, Gerhard C Schuler, Claudia Walther
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity and high blood pressure positively correlate with early atherosclerosis already in adolescents. Furthermore, socio-educa...
When a Mind Dies
Authors: Edward W. Campion
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

After a certain age, when people forget something they may say jokingly, Is this the first sign of dementia? Some may laugh, but the laughter is uncomfortable. Dementia is too common. Everyone wonders, could it happen to me? In the developed world most people now survive into old age, and the rate of dementia increases sharply with age. By the age of 85 years, at least 30 percent of people have major impairments in thinking and memory,1,2 and Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause. The earliest signs are impossible to distinguish from normal forgetfulness or a person's eccentricities. . . .
Dosage Errors With Heparin
Authors: Joseph G. Valentino
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Physicians concerned about the content and format of labels on drug containers should be aware of the USP Drug Product Defect Reporting Program. Confusing labels or inadequately labeled products are reportable defects. Report forms are generally available in hospital and community pharmacies, or may be obtained by writing to these USP headquarters. Reports are sent to the USP, where copies are made for the manufacturer and for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA); for the FDA, the information is also codified into computer-processable form for trends analysis. The Drug Product Defect Reporting Program is funded by the FDA and conducted by the USP with the cooperation of national and state and local associations of pharmacy. The program is regularly cited by FDA officials as an important aspect of the government's quality assurance program and for its achievement of consistent input from concerned health care practitioners. Defects reported
Comparative aspects of pesticide metabolism in plants and animals.
Authors: J J Menn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Pesticide chemicals are an important component of modern agriculture. Through their use, plants and animals are exposed to pesticides directly and indirectly from transport through soil, water, and other environmental components. Pesticide chemicals which are absorbed by plants and animals undergo extensive biotransformation. Lipophilic compounds are converted to polar metabolites through a variety of microsomal and extramicrosomal reactions in plants and animals. Generally, biotransformations are qualitatively similar in both systems. However, there are important quantitative rate differences in metabolism which often determine the balance between activation and deactivation of a pesticide. Furthermore, there are qualitative differences in conjugative mechanisms in plants and animals. Animals through an efficient excretory system eliminate transformation products via the urine and feces. Since efficient excretory systems are absent in plants, terminal degradation products are stored as conjugates and/or derivatives which may be incorporated into the plants themselves. Metabolic transformations of selected pesticides illustrating various types of reactions in plants and animals are discussed.
Arthus Reaction With Insulin
Authors: Hal B. Richardson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  The article by Porter and Hartman entitled Arthus Reactions From Insulin Association With Lupus Erythematosus Cell Phenomena (214:1884, 1970) demands critical comment.  Although admittedly the case is reported under BRIEF REPORTS, no data are given to substantiate the thesis that this patient manifested arthus reactivity. The role of arthus reactivity is speculative, a point not made sufficiently clear in the article or the title.  Because of the elevated IgG and prolonged half-life of insulin I 131, I suggest the presence of anti-insulin antibodies in this patient. There is no evidence, however, for the conclusion that this caused a specific local hypersensitivity reaction. The evolution of the local reactions was delayed, and this may be an example of cellular hypersensitivity rather than arthus sensitivity. Other features including eosinophilia and symptoms of shortness of breath, erythema of the malar eminence, and facial swelling suggest an anaphylactic or type
Laboratory Profile Screening in Family Practice
Authors: Thomas E. Rardin
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Reports from private medical offices of data obtained when routine laboratory screening studies were made a part of each health evaluation have not been common. This report analyzes 2,919 laboratory profiles secured on 1,204 patients examined in a five-year period. Repeated profile screening has certain limitations but contributes much to a physician's understanding of each patient's health status. Laboratory screening is economical and should be considered along with other diagnostic and screening modalities. The pathologist skilled in laboratory medicine should be included as a member of the family physicianconsultant team in continuing and comprehensive family medical care. Routine laboratory screening, as part of each periodic health evaluation, offers the family physician a great challenge. A program of collaborative research in this aspect of laboratory medicine would appear justified.
THE EFFECT OF SYMPATHECTOMY ON SPASTIC PARALYSIS OF THE EXTREMITIES
Authors: LOYAL DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

For many years, evidence has been offered both to prove and to disprove the dual innervation of striated muscle by the cerebrospinal and sympathetic nervous systems. The question remained more or less an academic one, in the discussion of which anatomists and physiologists were the leading figures. Recently, however, the surgeon has entered the field mainly as a result of the suggestion by Royle, supported by Hunter, that the spasticity of paralyzed extremities might be decreased by surgically attacking the sympathetic innervation to the muscles. The basis for such surgical therapy may be stated rather briefly. It is assumed that striated muscle has a dual innervation from the sympathetic and cerebrospinal nervous systems. It is predicated that the normal tonus of skeletal muscle may be divided into two components; namely, a contractile and a plastic element. Further, that in spastic extremities there is an increase of the plastic component of
Performance of health status measures with a pen based personal digital assistant
Authors: T K Kvien
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Increasing use of self reported health status in clinical practice and research, as well as patient appreciation of monitoring fluctuations of health over time, suggest a need for more frequent collection of data. Electronic use of health status measures in the follow up of patients is a possible way to achieve this. <b>Objective:</b> To compare self reported health status measures in a personal digital assistant (PDA) version and a paper/pencil version for test–retest reliability, agreement between scores, and feasibility. <b>Methods:</b> 30 patients with stable rheumatoid arthritis (mean age 61.6 years, range 49.8 to 70.0; mean disease duration, 16.7 years; 63% female; 67% rheumatoid factor positive; 46.6% on disease modifying antirheumatic drugs) completed self reported health status measures (pain, fatigue, and global health on visual analogue scales (VAS), rheumatoid arthritis disease activity index, modified health assessment questionnaire, SF-36) in a conventional paper based questionnaire version and on a PDA (HP iPAQ, model h5450). Completion was repeated after five to seven days. <b>Results:</b> Test–retest reliability was similar, as evaluated by the Bland–Altman approach, the coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficients. The scores showed acceptable agreement, but with a slight tendency to higher scores on VAS with the PDA than the paper/pencil version. No significant differences were seen for measures of feasibility (time to complete, satisfaction score), but 65.5% preferred PDA, 20.7% preferred paper, and 13.8% had no preference. <b>Conclusions:</b> The clinimetric performance of paper/pencil versions of self reported health status measures was similar to an electronic version, using an inexpensive PDA.
Severe Accidental Head Injury: An Assessment of Long-term Prognosis
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The last of the 14 chapters ("Summary, Conclusions, and Implications") of this concisely written report should be required reading for every neurosurgeon and emergency room or trauma physician. It recapitulates the findings, given in detail earlier in the book, of a team headed by Roberts, which traced all but ten of 479 cases of head injury with unconsciousness or amnesia for a week or more. These were culled from a consecutive series of 7,000 cases of head injury admitted ten to 24 years earlier to the care of neurosurgeons at the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford. The cause of death was established for 178 cases, and the remaining 291 were individually examined. Sixty-nine others who survived coma lasting a month or more were added. Four fairly recognizable patterns of neurological disturbance and eight of mental disability are described; the degree of disability associated with each was found relatively constant. Among problems investigated
Complications of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: JONG D. LEE, SUNG M. KIM, CHAN H. PARK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

In recent years, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is being performed at an increasing rate and biliary complications related to the laparascopic cholecystectomy are being described in the literature. This is the case of a patient with four major complications: laceration of the portal vein and right hepatic artery, hepatic infarction, bile leakage, and extrahepatic common bile duct obstruction.
The Computer-Based Patient Record and Confidentiality
Authors: Beverly Woodward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

In various ways computers can help people become more active participants in their own health care and that of family members, as emphasized earlier by Kassirer.1 Computers can help people acquire medical information, interact with care givers, connect with support groups when illness strikes, and in some cases, carry out a treatment plan. Electronic linkage of patients and their families to support groups and medical libraries is well under way and is likely to increase in popularity as computers become standard equipment in the American home. Information bestows power, and making medical information more easily accessible is a way of . . .
Thallium-201 Accumulation in Cerebral Candidiasis Unexpected Finding on SPECT
Authors: NORIHISA TONAMI, HIROSH MATSUDA, HIROSHI OOBA, KUNIHIKO YOKOYAMA, KINICHI HISADA, KIYONOBU IKEDA, JUNKOU YAMASHITA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

The authors present an unexpected finding of Tl-201 uptake in the intracerebral lesions due to candidiasis. SPECT demonstrated the extent of the lesions and a high target-to-background ratio. The regions where abnormal Tl-201 accumulation was seen were nearly consistent with CT scans of those enhanced by a contrast agent. After treatment, most of the abnormal Tl-201 accumulation disappeared.
Neurocognitive Changes among Elderly Exposed to PCBs/PCDFs in Taiwan
Authors: Kao-Chang Lin, Nai-Wen Guo, Pei-Chien Tsai, Chiu-Yueh Yang, YueLiang Leon Guo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

In 1979 approximately 2,000 people were exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) due to ingestion of contaminated cooking oil in Taiwan. Although a previous study has shown delayed developmental milestones and poorer neurocognitive functioning in children born to exposed mothers, it is unclear whether neurocognitive functioning was impaired in people who were directly exposed to the PCBs and PDCFs.
Anomalous pulmonary venous return into inferior vena cava and associated bronchovascular anomalies (the scimitar syndrome): Report of three cases and review of the literature
Authors: J. Mathey, J. J. Galey, Y. Logeais, E. Santoro, A. Vanetti, A. Maurel, R. Wuerflein
Journal: Thorax (1968)

Among the different anatomical forms of anomalous pulmonary venous return, that of the inferior vena cava is of particular interest for the following reasons: the special radiological pattern which is referred to as the scimitar sign and the associated anomalies which often occur in the lungs. We have successfully operated on three<sup>1</sup> patients who are reported in this paper, and we have included a review of the literature.