tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Severed Myelosuppression Resulting From Concurrent Administration of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
Authors: Neal J. Meropol, Langdon L. Miller, Edward L. Korn, Leonard E. Braitman, Mary Lou MacDermott, Lynn M. Schuchter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Severed Myelosuppression Resulting From Concurrent Administration of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Get access Neal J. Meropol, Neal J. Meropol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Langdon L. Miller, Langdon L. Miller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Edward L. Korn, Edward L. Korn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leonard E. Braitman, Leonard E. Braitman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary Lou MacDermott, Mary Lou MacDermott Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lynn M. Schuchter Lynn M. Schuchter Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 15, 5 August 1992, Pages 1201–1203, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.15.1201 Published: 05 August 1992 Article history Received: 24 February 1992 Revision received: 18 May 1992 Accepted: 27 May 1992 Published: 05 August 1992
Facilities for Patients or Doctors?
Authors: J. Ind
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MEDICALJOURNAIThere are now enough facilities in India for postgraduate study in nearly every branch of medicine ; moreover, Indian postgraduate qualifications are essential for higher appoint- ments in our teaching hospitals.In the circumstance, the only legitimate study over- seas would be for acquiring special skills and not degrees or diplomas.This would entail the availability of clinical appoint- ments in specialist teaching hospitals, which is not the case in Britain from all available accounts, including Dr. Chakrabartty's.The restrictions on obtaining foreign exchange for overseas study are designed to make the best use of this scarce resource by ensuring that only those fitted for such study are able to proceed.A beneficial " side- effect" is that since the end of last year the medical influx into Britain has come to an end.-Iam, etc.,
FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS ON THE ORIGIN OF TUMORS IN MICE
Authors: A. E. C. Lathrop, Leo Loeb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

1. It is possible to split a strain of mice into certain substrains in which the tumor incidence is in some way linked to the color of the mice. Thus we could split off from the English strain, which as a whole and in various substrains with mixed colors (English A and Sable) has a high tumor rate, substrains with light tan color and pink eyes (IOI and Tan) which have a high tumor rate like the large majority of the English mice, and two other apparently recessive strains breeding true, which have a very low tumor incidence (Silver and Silver Fawn). Therefore, certain combinations of factors which determine certain colors of mice determine at the same time the tumor incidence of these strains or substrains. In the majority of cases isolated families bred through several generations separately from the majority of the other substrains give approximately the same tumor rates as the others; in some cases, however, it may perhaps be possible to separate from the main strain a family with a different rate. 2. The tumor incidence and the tumor age found in the earlier periods of our work are approximately the same as in the more recent period. On the whole, the results obtained in successive generations of the same strain also agree well with each other; the results are fairly constant; the deviations which occur are in most cases due to the small number of animals observed in the certain generations. Discarding all the mice dying in the first or in the first and second periods of life usually does not alter essentially the tumor ratio of a certain strain. 3. A certain relationship exists between tumor frequency and tumor age. On the whole, the more frequent the tumors, the earlier they appear in the various strains. This parallelism between tumor frequency and tumor age is, however, not complete. The tumor age seems to be as characteristic for a certain strain as the tumor rate. Certain substrains which differ in tumor frequency may show approximately the same tumor age. Strains with similar tumor frequency may show a different tumor age. We may therefore conclude that in all probability tumor rate and tumor age represent distinct unit factors, which are frequently, but not in all cases, linked in some manner to each other. 4. The age at which the maximum of tumors appears varies in different strains. The maximum may fall into the second or third period of life. On the whole, the maximum is reached at an earlier period of life in those strains which have a high tumor rate. But here also peculiarities exist in different strains.
Corpulence and Correspondence
Authors: Deborah I. Levine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters15 April 2014Corpulence and CorrespondenceDeborah I. Levine, PhDDeborah I. Levine, PhDFrom Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5008-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I am familiar with Dr. Sotos’ work on the history of sleep apnea and cite it in my article and the manuscript of my book on the history of obesity (Levine DI. Managing Bodies in the Land of Plenty: Diet, Nutrition, and Obesity in the US. In preparation.). His questions about my article bring to light several of the most important and exciting challenges that historians face in attempting to illuminate the patient experience of any illness across the decades.Because of a lack of exact machinery and common fluctuations in reporting, competing measurements of height and weight ...References1. Sullivan M. Our Times: The United States, 1900-1920. New York: Scribner; 1926. Google Scholar2. Murphy S. Investing in Life: Insurance in Antebellum America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ Pr; 2010. Google Scholar3. Index to the William Howard Taft Papers. Washington, DC: US Gov Pr Office; 1972:2474. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Deborah I. Levine, PhDAffiliations: From Providence College, Providence, Rhode Island.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M13-0682. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCorpulence and Correspondence: President William H. Taft and the Medical Management of Obesity Deborah I. Levine Corpulence and Correspondence John G. Sotos Metrics 15 April 2014Volume 160, Issue 8Page: 580-581KeywordsDietDisclosureInformation storage and retrievalLibrariesNutritionObesityPatientsSleep apneaWeight loss ePublished: 15 April 2014 Issue Published: 15 April 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D R Porter, R D Sturrock
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, disabling disease associated with substantial morbidity, increased mortality, and a poor prognosis in severe cases.'In this review we will discuss the medical management of joint disease in rheumatoid arthritis, but we emphasise that such management cannot be practised in isolation.Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disorder affecting many organs but space does not permit a discussion of subjects such as rheumatoid lung disease.Effective management also requires a multidisciplinary approach, with input from orthopaedic surgeons, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, nurses, orthotics and prosthetics departments, social workers, and chiropodists.One of the rheumatologist's most important roles is to coordinate these resources to minimise the impact of the disease on patients' lives.Drug treatment is also important, however, and continues to be a complex and controversial issue.
Targeting DNase in cystic fibrosis
Authors: M. J LEDSON, M. J WALSHAW;, J A. INNES
Journal: Thorax (1999)

Intrathoracic extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) is a rare entity that is usually asymptomatic.A 44 year old man with alpha-thalassaemia is described who developed dyspnoea and massive left sided haemothorax.The haemoglobin disorder was established by Hgb H staining and haemoglobin electrophoretic studies.The DNA analysis revealed it to be a case of double heterozygous terminal codon mutation with the genotype CS / T .Computed tomographic scanning and magnetic resonance imaging of the thorax showed multiple paravertebral masses which were found by thoracoscopic biopsy to be extramedullary haematopoiesis.Although no additional sclerosing pleurodesis or low dose radiation therapy was given, the lung expanded well and there has been no recurrence of haemothorax to date.
Crizotinib Inhibits Metabolic Inactivation of Gemcitabine in c-Met–driven Pancreatic Carcinoma
Authors: Amir Avan, Viola Caretti, Niccola Funel, Elena Galvani, Mina Maftouh, Richard J. Honeywell, Tonny Lagerweij, Olaf Van Tellingen, Daniela Campani, Dieter Fuchs, Henk M. Verheul, Gerrit-Jan Schuurhuis, Ugo Boggi, Godefridus J. Peters, Thomas Würdinger, Elisa Giovannetti
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a major unsolved health problem. Most drugs that pass preclinical tests fail in these patients, emphasizing the need of improved preclinical models to test novel anticancer strategies. Here, we developed four orthotopic mouse models using primary human PDAC cells genetically engineered to express firefly- and Gaussia luciferase, simplifying the ability to monitor tumor growth and metastasis longitudinally in individual animals with MRI and high-frequency ultrasound. In these models, we conducted detailed histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses on paraffin-embedded pancreatic tissues and metastatic lesions in liver, lungs, and lymph nodes. Genetic characteristics were compared with the originator tumor and primary tumor cells using array-based comparative genomic hybridization, using frozen specimens obtained by laser microdissection. Notably, the orthotopic human xenografts in these models recapitulated the phenotype of human PDACs, including hypovascular and hypoxic areas. Pursuing genomic and immunohistochemical evidence revealed an increased copy number and overexpression of c-Met in one of the models; we examined the preclinical efficacy of c-Met inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. In particular, we found that crizotinib decreased tumor dimension, prolonged survival, and increased blood and tissue concentrations of gemcitabine, synergizing with a cytidine deaminase–mediated mechanism of action. Together, these more readily imaged orthotopic PDAC models displayed genetic, histopathologic, and metastatic features similar to their human tumors of origin. Moreover, their use pointed to c-Met as a candidate therapeutic target in PDAC and highlighted crizotinib and gemcitabine as a synergistic combination of drugs warranting clinical evaluation for PDAC treatment. Cancer Res; 73(22); 6745–56. ©2013 AACR.
A Glial Signal Consisting of Gliomedin and NrCAM Clusters Axonal Na+ Channels during the Formation of Nodes of Ranvier
Authors: Konstantin Feinberg, Yael Eshed-Eisenbach, Shahar Frechter, Veronique Amor, Daniela Salomon, Helena Sabanay, Jeffrey L. Dupree, Martin Grumet, Peter J. Brophy, Peter Shrager, Elior Peles
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Effect of physical training on insulin sensitivity in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients: role of serum triglyceride levels.
Authors: A Taniguchi, M Fukushima, M Sakai, S Nagasaka, K Doi, I Nagata, K Matsushita, Y Ooyama, A Kawamoto, M Nakasone, K Tokuyama, Y Nakai
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)
Recovery of patients after four months or more in the persistent vegetative state.
Authors: K Andrews
Journal: BMJ (1993)

A retrospective review was made of the case notes of 43 consecutive patients admitted to a unit specialising in the rehabilitation of people in the persistent vegetative state. Eleven of these patients regained awareness four months or more after suffering brain damage. The time to the first reported incidence of eye tracking was between four months and three years, and the time to the first response to command was between four and 12 months. Only one patient was eventually unable to communicate, six could use non-verbal methods of indicating at least a yes or no response, and four were able to speak. Six patients remained totally dependent while two became independent in daily activities. Four patients became independent in feeding, three required help, and four remained on gastrostomy feeding. Thus some patients can regain awareness after more than four months in a vegetative state, and, although few reach full independence, most can achieve an improved quality of life within the limitations of their disabilities. The recovery period is prolonged and may continue for several years. Even patients with profound brain damage should be offered the opportunity of a specialist rehabilitation programme.
High Myocardial Threshold to an Artificial Pacemaker — Report of a Fatal Case
Authors: Thomas A. Preston, Richard D. Judge
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

FAILURE of the myocardium to respond to an electronic pacemaker with implanted electrodes, because the threshold to electric stimulation is abnormally high, is known to occur occasionally.1 , 2 In all the cases reported in which this difficulty has arisen, it has been corrected by replacement with a new unit, by an increase in the energy output of the implanted unit or by appropriate drug therapy. We are not aware of any previous report of a patient with a normally functioning pacemaker who died primarily because the myocardium was no longer responding to what had previously been an adequate stimulus, and wish . . .
EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE: An Abstract of the Results Obtained from the Investigation of 93 Cases
Authors: H. M. Gurney
Journal: BMJ (1915)

searched for ttuberele bacilli, but nonie were found, and the hiistology did inot suggest tuberculous disease.Many in- vcstigator's lhave attemtipted witlhotot success to find(I a bac- terial origin for tihis disease, btut Dr. A. G. Gibson' of Oxford hias described alnd figuired a streptotlh-rix foundl by htim-i in different cases of splenomegaly, incluiding cases of Banti's disease.We lave examined numerous sections of the spleen ancd lhaeiiolyiiiply glands, employingc, the Wheal2and Clihowli iethod of stainingc, as reconincen(led by Dr.Gibson, for tile idenitification of the organism, buit lhave not met with a streptothrlix in aniy of the tissues examined.We liave hiad lilore recently the opporttinity of examlining aiother spleen successfuilly removed froim-a case of Banlti's dlisease by Mr. Howell at the Cheltenhamn Hospital.Portions of this spleeni were placed in culture miiedia
Advances in early fetal loss research: importance for risk assessment.
Authors: A M Sweeney, R E LaPorte
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

The assessment of early fetal losses (EFLs) in relationship to environmental agents offers unique advantages compared to other end points for hazard assessment. There is a high incidence (greater than 20% of all pregnancies end in an EFL), and the interval between exposure and end point is the short duration between conception and event, i.e., approximately 12 weeks. In contrast, cancer, which is the primary end point evaluated in risk assessment models, occurs with much lower frequency, and the latency period is measured in years or decades. EFLs have not been used effectively for risk assessment because most of the events are not detected. Prospective studies provide the only approach whereby it is possible to link exposure to EFLs. Recent methodologic advancements have demonstrated that it is now possible to conduct population-based studies of EFLs. It is likely that EFLs could serve as sentinels to monitor adverse health effects of many potential environmental hazards. The methodology will be demonstrated using lead exposure in utero as an example.
The Renal Clearance of Amylase in Renal Insufficiency, Acute Pancreatitis, and Macroamylasemia
Authors: MICHAEL D. LEVITT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

The renal handling of amylase was studied in patients with renal insufficiency, acute pancreatitis, and macroamylasemia by measuring the rate of amylase clearance (CAm) relative to the rate of creatinine clearance (CCr). In renal insufficiency CAm was decreased in proportion to CCr. In acute pancreatitis, the kidney cleared amylase at a markedly increased rate. The ratio of the amylase clearance rate to the creatinine clearance rate averaged three times normal early in the course of acute pancreatitis, and this elevation could persist after the serum amylase had returned to normal. This increased clearance of amylase makes the urinary amylase a more sensitive indicator of pancreatitis than is the serum measurement. In contrast to pancreatitis, the high serum amylase levels found in patients with macroamylasemia are associated with an extremely low CAm/CCr ratio. These studies suggest that the diagnostic value of amylase measurements may be enhanced if amylase excretion is related to creatinine excretion.
Immunophenotypic and immunogenotypic characteristics of TCRγδ+ T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: AW Langerak, ILM Wolvers-Tettero, MWM van den Beemd, ER van Wering, W-D Ludwig, K Hählen, A Necker, JJM van Dongen
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Preoperative Banditry: Surgeons React-Reply
Authors: Martha Richmond
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Indeed, we did encourage my father to look elsewhere for treatment. Contrary to popular belief, however, patients are not always empowered consumers: they come bare and disenfranchised by pain, fear, finances, and geographic constraints. My father spent his psychic allowance deciding to have surgery. And because of his financial situation, he needed to choose a physician whose practice was close enough to allow my mother to continue working. Four years ago my husband and I also had no choice of physicians when our daughter—4 months premature—was whisked to a tertiary care center 45 miles from our home. In contrast to my father's experience, our daughter's physicians made it clear that our financial status would not affect her treatment. Even after discharge, as her bills neared the $1 million insurance limit, our pediatrician offered to continue treating her without coverage. Similarly, we had no choice of physicians several weeks
Safety and Activity Report of a Randomized Phase II Trial of Preoperative Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy Plus Lapatinib, Trastuzumab or Both in HER2 Positive Breast Cancer: CHERLOB Trial.
Authors: V. Guarneri, A. Frassoldati, A. Bottini, K. Cagossi, F. Piacentini, A. Ravaioli, L. Cavanna, D. Amadori, G. Bisagni, G. Giardina, P. Conte
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Introduction: We have designed a randomized phase II trial of preoperative sequential taxanes-anthracyclines in combination with trastuzumab, lapatinib, or both trastuzumab and lapatinib in HER2 positive, stage II-IIIA breast cancer patients. Primary aim of the study is the percentage of pathological complete response (pCR) as defined as complete disappearance of invasive tumor in both breast and axillary nodes.Methods: chemotherapy (CT) consists of paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly x 12 weeks followed by FE75C x 4 cycles administered every 3 weeks. Patients randomized to arm A receive CT plus weekly trastuzumab; in arm B patients receive CT plus lapatinib 1500 mg po daily; in arm C patients receive CT plus weekly trastuzumab and lapatinib 1000 mg po daily. Trastuzumab and lapatinib are administered throughout the entire CT plan. The study sample size has been calculated according to the two steps Simon's design. The overall planned accrual is 120 patients. Following the second safety report from the Independent Data Monitoring Committee on the first 30 evaluable patients, due to the occurrence of grade 3 diarrhea in 20% and in 41% of the patients randomized to arm B and C respectively, lapatinib doses have been reduced to 1250 mg in arm B and 750 mg in arm C.Results: 66 patients have been randomized: 20 in arm A, 20 in arm B, and 26 in arm C. Median age is 50 years (range 27-66). The overall non hematologic toxicity of grade (G) &amp;gt;1, as reported as maximum toxicity per patient, is as follows: diarrhea G2 29%, G3 22%; skin rash G2 29%, G3 7%; hepatobiliary events G2 10%, G3 5%, G4 3%.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been evaluated at baseline, after 12-13 weeks, and at the end of therapy. Mean LVEF% (range) was 62% (52%-77%), 61% (44%-78%) and 61% (53%-74%) respectively. No patient had symptomatic cardiac events. Forty-five patients underwent surgery, and are evaluable for response: 67% of the patients received breast conserving surgery. A pCR in breast and axillary nodes has been observed in 39% of the cases.Conclusions: The study accrual is ongoing. The safety of patients randomized following the amendment reducing lapatinib dosage will be presented at the Meeting. Supported by GlaxoSmithKline Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1093.
Breaks and Other Bad Breaks for Breakers
Authors: Frances Sandler-Silver
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read with interest the observations made in the Dec 28, 1984, issue ofThe Journal<sup>1-4</sup>about the great variety of injuries that may result from the newest dance technique popularized as "break dancing." We wish to report our experience with another complication—septic prepatellar bursitis, recently observed in a patient referred to our clinic. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 21-year-old man who works as a nightclub dancer was seen at our clinic with the complaints of pain, swelling, and redness of the left knee of 72 hours' duration. These complaints were first noticed 12 hours after repeatedly hitting the knee while performing a break dance routine. He also had a temperature of 38.8 °C, malaise, and nausea. The patient denied a history of penile discharge, sexual promiscuity, or intravenous drug abuse. At the time of examination he had a temperature of 38.3 °C, no rashes, no
Modulation of conduction and refractoriness in atrioventricular junctional reentrant circuit. Effect on reentry initiated by atrial extrastimulus.
Authors: R Mahmud, S T Denker, P J Tchou, M Jazayeri, M Akhtar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The importance of activation sequence of an atrioventricular junctional reentrant (AVJRe) circuit, before delivery of an extrastimulus, has received little attention in studies concerned with clinical tachycardias. In this study a change in activation sequence was accomplished using bidirectional activation (V-A sequential pacing) during the basic drive (V1A1-V1A1). It was noted that, compared with an atrial extrastimulus (A2) after an atrial drive (A1-A1), earlier activation (by V1 impulse of the V1A1-V1A1 drive) consistently improved conduction, or decreased refractoriness, or both, in the anterograde as well as the retrograde pathway of the AVJRe circuit. In all patients, five with AV nodal reentry and six with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, reentrant tachycardia could be prevented during V-A sequential pacing. In four of eleven patients, reentry was prevented despite achieving the so-called critical atrioventricular nodal delays that had previously caused reentry during control study. This finding suggested that conduction delay necessary for reentry was related to the site of block, which in turn was affected by V-A sequential pacing. We concluded that changing the activation sequence during basic drive modulates conduction and refractoriness in AVJRe circuits, and allows the study of a wide range of electrophysical factors that prevent or permit reentry.