tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Should we screen for prostate cancer?
Authors: S. H Woolf
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Routine screening for any condition is unwarranted without evidence that the test accurately detects early disease, that early detection improves outcomes, and that benefits outweigh harms. Unfortunately, such evidence is lacking for prostate cancer.

Although the test for prostate specific antigen (PSA) has reasonable sensitivity, it produces false positive results in two thirds of asymptomatic men.1 About a third of tumours detected by the test are localised and more likely to progress, but there is no good evidence that treatment improves outcomes.1 Moreover, the complications from screening and treatment may offset the potential benefits. Two recent reviews commissioned by the NHS Health Technology Assessment programme2 3 and a summary by the NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination4 came down against routine screening for prostate cancer and discouraged purchasers from paying for it. The reports instead encouraged further research to evaluate its effectiveness.

Are these recommendations reasonable? The answer differs for populations and individuals. Deciding whether to screen a population requires an assessment of the benefits and harms to society. The average preferences of the population, rather than those of individuals, must be considered. Although some men might prefer to be screened, the interests of the …
BENIGN TUMORS OF THE STOMACH FROM THE ROENTGENOLOGIC POINT OF VIEW
Authors: ALEXANDER B. MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Three years ago I<sup>1</sup>reported roentgenologic observations in twenty-three cases of benign tumor of the stomach in which operation was performed at the Mayo Clinic. Since then eighteen additional cases have been observed here. It is my purpose to recapitulate the amplified series and review the subject. A survey of the literature has disclosed fifty-two cases recorded by others, and the aggregate thus affords a reasonably substantial basis for certain general deductions. As compared with malignant new growths, benign tumors of the stomach are rare. Various compilations, derived from necropsy and surgical statistics, have been made to determine their incidence. Eusterman and Senty<sup>2</sup>have computed that only 1.3 per cent of all gastric tumors seen at operation are benign. However, this percentage does not represent their practical importance, for the diagnosis in a given instance may have an individual significance which cannot be measured by statistics. Histologically, the
Oral sex may be important risk factor for HIV infection
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A study of homosexual men living in San Francisco who were recently infected with HIV-1 suggests that in about 7% of cases the virus was likely to have been transmitted during oral sex.

Dr Frederick Hecht of the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues there and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta evaluated 122 people recently diagnosed with HIV-1 infection who were presumed to have acquired their infection between June …
Evolution of the Medical Audit
Authors: Paul A. Lembcke
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The first effective demand for the systematic review and scientific evaluation of medical care that is now termed "medical audit" originated soon after 1910. Surgery had gained great popular favor in the years just past when the dramatic relief of suffering and disability and the prolongation of life that were offered by surgery at its best had overcome much of the former dread of the hospital and surgeon. Although the need for welltrained surgeons far exceeded the available supply at that time, there was a surplus of poorly trained surgeons. The medical literature of the day, particularly Flexner's famous survey of medical education, gives us the picture of a greatly overcrowded profession made up in large part of poorly educated doctors. In the period between 1900 and 1909, some 165 medical schools had been turning out 5,200 doctors annually, a majority of whom had not even a high school education
Focus on bladder cancer
Authors: Colin P.N. Dinney, David J. McConkey, Randall E. Millikan, Xifeng Wu, Menashe Bar-Eli, Liana Adam, Ashish M. Kamat, Arlene O. Siefker-Radtke, Tomasz Tuziak, Anita L. Sabichi, H.Barton Grossman, William F. Benedict, Bogdan Czerniak
Journal: Cancer Cell (2004)
THE ANTENATAL AND INTRANATAL FACTORS IN NEONATAL PATHOLOGY: AN ATTEMPT TO EXPLAIN THE PECULIARITIES OF THE MORBID STATES OF THE NEW-BORN.
Authors: J. W. BALLANTYNE
Journal: JAMA (1899)

On the dividing line between antenatal and postnatal pathology lies neonatal pathology, a sort of unexplored territory, a No Man's Land, liable, however, to incursions from both sides, those of the weaker kind coming over the antenatal boundary. Between the surgical injuries and maladies of the life that is after birth and the diseases and deformities of the fetus and embryo are situated the morbid conditions of the new-born infant, conditions which interest both the pediatrist and the obstetrician. Investigation of them has indeed gone on from both the padiatric and obstetric standpoint, but with more activity it has seemed from the former than from the latter. Nevertheless, it is well to bear in mind that the maladies of the new-born have relations not only with the diseases which occur later but also with the pathologic states which have happened earlier in life. Just as neonatal life is the link
IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY—HOW USEFUL IS IT FOR THE DERMATOLOGIST?
Authors: Karl Holubar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY—HOW USEFUL IS IT FOR THE DERMATOLOGIST? Get access Karl Holubar Karl Holubar Department of Dermatology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel Dr Karl Holubar, Professor and Chairman, Department of Dermatology, Hadassah University Hospitals, Hebrew University, P. O. Box 12000, IL‐91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 4, 1 April 1984, Pages 499–503, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04667.x Published: 01 April 1984
Muscle contraction mechanism
Authors: M.C. Schaub, D. Koch
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Muscle contraction mechanism M.C. Schaub, M.C. Schaub Institute of Pharmacology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Koch D. Koch Institute of Pharmacology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 6, June 1995, Pages 747–757, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88608-1 Published: 01 June 1995
Subunit Composition, Protein Interactions, and Structures of the Mammalian Brain sec6/8 Complex and Septin Filaments
Authors: Shu-Chan Hsu, Christopher D. Hazuka, Robyn Roth, Davide L. Foletti, John Heuser, Richard H. Scheller
Journal: Neuron (1998)

Both the sec6/8 complex and septin filaments have been implicated in directing vesicles and proteins to sites of active membrane addition in yeast. The rat brain sec6/8 complex coimmunoprecipitates with a filament composed of four mammalian septins, suggesting an interaction between these complexes. One of the septins, CDC10, displays broad subcellular and tissue distributions and is found in postmitotic neurons as well as dividing cells. Electron microscopic studies showed that the purified rat brain septins form filaments of 8.25 nm in diameter; the lengths of the filaments are multiples of 25 nm. Glutaraldehyde-fixed rat brain sec6/8 complex adopts a conformation resembling the letter "T" or "Y". The sec6/8 and septin complexes likely play an important role in trafficking vesicles and organizing proteins at the plasma membrane of neurons.
Result of a British Survey on Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers
Authors: E. Sowton
Journal: BMJ (1968)

The use of cardiac pacemakers in the treatment of patients with complete heart block has increased greatly over the past two years in the United States, France, Germany, and Scandinavia and to a less extent also in the British Isles.In order to obtain some basic data concerning the clinical situation and perform- ance of pacemakers in Britain a survey was carried out in co- operation between the Institute of Cardiology, the Ministry of Health, and the agents for all types of pacemakers available.The survey was retrospective and covered every pacemaker sold in Britain between 1 April 1965 and 31 March 1966 inclusive.The type of pacemaker, serial number, date of dispatch, and hospital to which the pacemaker was sent were supplied by the manufacturers or agent for every pacemaker sold within these dates and a questionary (see below) was sent to determine the fate of the unit.The information represents the position in December 1966. ResultsDuring the 12 months 540 long-term cardiac pacemakers were sold within the British Isles, of which 421 were totally implantable.This survey deals only with these fully implantable units, and questionaries relating to 341 (81 %) were returned.Pacemakers manufactured by Devices Ltd., Elema- Sch6nander AB, Pye Ltd., and Medtronic Inc. were represented, but since the actual sales figures might have commercial value they cannot be given in detail.No Cordis, Vitatron, Electrodyne, or General Electric pacemakers were sold during this period.Of the 341 questionaries returned 32 (9.4%) indicated thai the pacemaker could not be traced by the hospital which had paid for it.Since some of these pacemakers were presumably implanted in patients it seems very unlikely that satisfactory arrangements were made for their replacement at the end of their useful life.This lack of follow-up information on approximately one in every 10 pacemakers delivered to hospitals may represent a significant danger to patients.A further 31 pacemakers were traced, but had not bee implanted into patients.Many of these had been used for
US government reopens as Republican effort to derail health act collapses
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An effort by US Republicans to derail the Affordable Care Act that shut down the federal government for three weeks and threatened a default that rattled financial markets around the world collapsed Wednesday in what is widely seen as a debacle for the party.

The standoff ended late Wednesday night when the Senate and then the House of Representatives passed a temporary spending measure that will finance the government until 15 January and raise the nation’s debt limit until 7 February. The bill passed the Senate 81-18 and the House by a vote of 285-144. President Barack Obama signed the legislation around 12:30 am Thursday.

The standoff began 29 September when the Republican led House of Representatives passed a continuing budget resolution that contained a provision that would have defunded the Affordable Care Act, the 2010 healthcare reform law often called “Obamacare.”

The Democratic majority in the Senate rejected the House bill and sent a version back that did not have the defunding provision. The House, in turn, responded by passing a new version of the bill that would delay the healthcare law by one year, allow employers and healthcare providers …
Operative Hand Surgery
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This superb two-volume set represents a comprehensive effort dedicated to closing a perceived gap in writings on hand surgery with its emphasis on operative techniques and an extensive contemporary bibliography. With this goal, all should respect the editor's admonition that technical skill does not equate with clinical judgment. A thorough understanding of operative indications must serve as the necessary prerequisite for optimum use of this text. This dissertation does, however, represent more than its name would indicate. Most chapters include sections on history, indications, preoperative and postoperative considerations, complications, and results, which indeed establish the necessary prerequisite for a given procedure. With a list of contributors that could justifiably be labeled a "Who's Who in Hand Surgery," one should expect exemplary writing, and, for the most part, this is the case. When choices of operations exist, most authors present the options and give their preferred technique. The outstanding initial chapter
A New Approach to the Management of Uncontrolled Right-Sided Bacterial Endocarditis.
Authors: E. Robin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973A New Approach to the Management of Uncontrolled Right-Sided Bacterial Endocarditis.E. Robin, M.D., F.A.C.P., S. Ganguly, M.D., A. Arbulu, M.D.E. Robin, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, S. Ganguly, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. Arbulu, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-821_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFailure in the management of right-sided bacterial endocarditis caused byPseudomonas aeruginosain many heroin addicts has prompted a new therapeutic approach, that of surgical excision of the diseased valves without prosthetic replacement. To date, this operation has been done in 10 patients. Nine of these have had excision of their tricuspid valve, and in one patient both pulmonic and tricuspid valves were excised. These patients have been followed for 4 to 24 months. Eight patients have survived without heart failure or infection. Two have died of uncontrollable septicemia, 2 and 4 months after surgery. Two patients had a second... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E. Robin, M.D., F.A.C.P.; S. Ganguly, M.D.; A. Arbulu, M.D.Affiliations: Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 821-821KeywordsAddictsBacterial diseasesEndocarditisHeart failureHeroinPseudomonas aeruginosaSepsisSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
A national DNA bank in The Gambia, West Africa, and genomic research in developing countries
Authors: Giorgio Sirugo, Maarten Schim Van Der Loeff, Omar Sam, Ousman Nyan, Margaret Pinder, Adrian V Hill, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Andrew Prentice, Claudia de Toma, Howard M. Cann, Mathurin Diatta, Muminatou Jallow, Gareth Morgan, Malcolm Clarke, Tumani Corrah, Hilton Whittle, Keith McAdam
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Paraplegic man can stand after epidural stimulation of spinal cord
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A young man with paraplegia is able to stand for several minutes and take steps using voluntary movements in response to direct electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord, a US research group has reported.

The 23 year old had paraplegia from a C7-T1 subluxation as a result of being hit by a motor vehicle in July 2006. He showed complete loss of clinically detectable, voluntary motor function but partial preservation of sensation below the T1 cord segment.

Three years after the incident he began locomotor training sessions designed to retrain spinal cord networks to coordinate the movements necessary for standing and walking.

After 170 training sessions over 26 months, a 16 electrode array was surgically placed on the patient’s dura mater across cord segments L1-S1, and spinal cord stimulation was provided during further training sessions for periods of up to four hours. The patterns of stimulation were designed …
Contact allergy from tobramycin eyedrops
Authors: M. R. González‐Mendiola, A. García Balda, M. Ceña Delgado, P. Prieto Montaño, D. González De Olano, M. Sánchez‐Cano
Journal: Allergy (2005)

We report a patient with allergic conjunctivitis and blepharitis as a result of tobramycin eyedrops.
Nonabandonment: Medical Ethics
Authors: Del J. DeHart
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 September 1995Nonabandonment: Medical EthicsDel J. DeHart, MDDel J. DeHart, MDMichigan State University; Saginaw Cooperative Hospitals, Inc.; Saginaw, MI 48602Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-6-199509150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Quill and Cassel [1] distort nonmaleficence until the physician faces the conundrum of choosing between the “harm” of disease and the harm of best treatment. I do not see how either author could believe they had any part in choosing the harm of disease in the cases they presented. In their world, they would have the physician assume personal responsibility for disease, responsibility for the “harm” of death itself. In reality, it is the patient who faces the conundrum posed by mortal disease, death by disease or death by choice, and no amount of physician empathy can spare the pain ...References1. Quill TE, Cassel CK. Nonabandonment: a central obligation for physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 121:368-74. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Michigan State University; Saginaw Cooperative Hospitals, Inc.; Saginaw, MI 48602 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1995Volume 123, Issue 6Page: 475KeywordsMedical ethics Issue Published: 15 September 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Accidental Intrarectal Administration of Alcohol Enema Induces Proctocolitis and Fecal Incontinence
Authors: M. Rodriguez-Tellez, J. M. Herrerias Jr., F. Argüelles, M. J. Gonzalez-Mariscal, F. J. Pellicer, J. M. Herrerias
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

At 2 hours before an elective colonoscopy indicated for abdominal pain in a 67-year-old woman, the patient’s sister wrongly administered 250 cm3 of “cleansing enema” containing ethyl alcohol 96 %. The patient experienced a perineal and anorectal burning pain, severe abdominal pain, profuse and involuntary diarrhea, tenesmus, rectal bleeding, and the emission of numerous white plaques mixed with and all over the liquid feces. We diagnosed a severe colonic mucosal sloughing with a possible secondary perforation. A conservative treatment was prescribed of intravenous fluids and electrolytes, and intravenous cefotaxime, metronidazole, and analgesics. We had no evidence-based reasons to prescribe her steroids, so we treated our patient’s acute proctocolitis as an ischemic colitis.
Total effective time of the forced expirogram in disease: sources of error and a correction factor.
Authors: J Jordanoglou, C Hadjistavrou, G Tatsis, E Anevlavis, C Melissinos
Journal: Thorax (1982)

Effective time of the forced expirogram is a sensitive index for the detection of mild airways obstruction. However, there is evidence that this measurement is not superior to maximum flow rates in the lower half of the forced vital capacity or even FEV1 and FEV1% in some patients suffering from obstructive lung disease. Furthermore we noticed that in some patients with a decrease of the forced vital capacity caused by exacerbation of airways obstruction, the effective time was not appreciably changed. We concluded that this apparent disadvantage of the effective time is the result of the different forced vital capacities. To eliminate this error we transformed the forced expirogram to the equivalent curve that the patient would produce, if his forced vital capacity was equal to the predicted mean value for his age, sex, and height. The derived corrected total effective time seems to have increased sensitivity for detection of small changes in expirograms obtained from the same subject or from different subjects.
Preferential accumulation within tumors and in vivo imaging by functionalized luminescent dendrimer lanthanide complexes
Authors: Marco A. Alcala, Chad M. Shade, Hyounsoo Uh, Shu Ying Kwan, Matthias Bischof, Zachary P. Thompson, Kristy A. Gogick, Adam R. Meier, Timothy G. Strein, David L. Bartlett, Ruth A. Modzelewski, Yong J. Lee, Stéphane Petoud, Charles K. Brown
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Good vs Bad Bacteria in the Gut
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Case of Malignant Melanoma With Cardiac and Gallbladder Metastases Detected by FDG PET-CT
Authors: Tamer Özülker, Filiz Özülker, İrfan Cicin, Tevfik Özpaçac
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

An F-18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) study was requested with the purpose of staging for a 31-year-old man with a history of cutaneous malignant melanoma surgically removed from the skin of the left supraclavicular area 15 days ago. Mass lesions with increased FDG uptake in the right atrium, gallbladder, right adrenal gland, and subcutaneous tissue in the left side of the abdomen were detected on F-18 FDG PET/CT scan. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and the lesion in the right atrium was removed surgically. The histopathology of the both lesions revealed metastases from malignant melanoma.
Thoracic Duct Cannulation and Differential Diagnosis of Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Marlys Hearst Witte, William R. Cole, Dale F. Burton, Luis Alvarez, Allan E. Dumont
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Thoracic duct cannulation was performed prior to exploratory laparotomy in 23 patients with obstructive jaundice caused by diverse factors. High flow of hemorrhagic lymph, usually under increased pressure, distinguished patients with hepatic cirrhosis from those with extrahepatic biliary obstruction and cholangiolitic hepatitis. Very low flows were observed only in patients with widespread malignancy involving the extrahepatic biliary tract. Information concerning the flow, pressure, and composition of thoracic duct lymph is helpful in understanding and distinguishing whether obstructive jaundice arises from a stone in the common bile duct, metastatic cancer, the use of a cholestatic drug, or excessive intake of alcohol.