tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sofosbuvir with peginterferon‐ribavirin for 12 weeks in previously treated patients with hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 and cirrhosis
Authors: Eric Lawitz, Fred Poordad, Diana M. Brainard, Robert H. Hyland, Di An, Hadas Dvory‐Sobol, William T. Symonds, John G. McHutchison, Fernando E. Membreno
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Sofosbuvir (SOF) in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for 12 or 24 weeks is the current standard of care for patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 2 and 3, respectively. However, in clinical trials treatment-experienced patients, particularly those with cirrhosis, had suboptimal sustained virological response (SVR) rates. We assessed the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus peginterferon and ribavirin (SOF+Peg-IFN+RBV) administered for 12 weeks to treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotypes 2 and 3, with and without cirrhosis. We enrolled 47 patients in this open-label, nonrandomized, uncontrolled phase 2 study. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with SVR at 12 weeks after cessation of study treatment (SVR12). The overall rate of SVR12 was 89% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 77-97). Rates of SVR12 were higher in patients with genotype 2 than in those with genotype 3, 96% (95% CI: 78-100) and 83% (95% CI: 62-95), respectively. Rates of SVR12 were similar in patients with and without cirrhosis: for genotype 2, 93% of patients with cirrhosis and 100% of patients without cirrhosis achieved SVR12, and for genotype 3, the SVR12 rate was 83% in patients both with and without cirrhosis. One patient discontinued study treatment because of an adverse event and four patients experienced serious adverse events. The most common adverse events were influenza-like illness, fatigue, anemia, and neutropenia.
TYPHOID FEVER WITH PERMANENT MEMORY DEFECT
Authors: D. K. HENDERSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1915)

Of all the acute infectious diseases, typhoid fever is the one which is most frequently accompanied by mental symptoms.How far the type of fever influences the mental condition is difficult to estimate, but, according to Kraepelin, in smallpox, scarlet fever, erysipelas, acute articular rheumatism, and penumonia, acute
Renal Artery Embolism Correlation With Scintigraphic and Radiographic Findings
Authors: D. METTER, A. BROWN, A. RAMOS-GABATIN, R. GELORMINI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

The diagnosis of renal artery embolism should be considered in patients with cardiac disease who present with abdominal or flank pain in association with deteriorating renal function. Often the diagnosis is delayed or missed owing to the nonspecific, varied, and protean clinical manifestations. A case is presented of bilateral renal artery emboli, and initial and long-term scintigraphic and radiographic correlations are provided. Renal scintigraphy should be the initial study of choice. In addition, this procedure allows for sequential noninvasive evaluation of renal function.
Mice lacking Flt3L are protected from collagen-induced arthritis: impaired T cell function?
Authors: M Inês Ramos, Olga Karpus, Saida Aarrass, S E Jacobsen, Paul P Tak, M Cristina Lebre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Backgroundand objectives</h3> Autoimmune diseases often result from inappropriate or unregulated activation of autoreactive T cells. The induction and maintenance of T cell tolerance to tissue antigens is essential to prevent autoimmunity. Combinations of central and peripheral mechanisms act in parallel to inactivate, eliminate or control autoreactive T cells. A key requirement for tolerance is the presentation of antigens in a correct context. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the central antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for the initiation of T cell responses. In this context, stimulation of the Flt3 via Flt3L is known to drive expansion and differentiation of DCs. Traditional approaches to treatment of autoimmune diseases through immunosuppression have focused on direct inhibition of T cells. In the present study, the authors examined the targeted inhibition of APCs as a mean to downregulate /prevent autoimmune disease in a mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was induced in mice lacking Flt3L (Flt3L<sup>−/−</sup>) and WTlittermates (C57/BL6 background, 9–10 weeks old). The severity of the arthritis was assessed using an established semiquantitative scoring system (0–4). After 60 days (chronic phase) phenotypical and functional analysis of spleen and lymph nodes was performed: T and B cell markers, FoxP3 expression, activation markers, co-stimulatory markers and cytokine production. <h3>Results</h3> In steady-state, Flt3L−/− mice show reduced celularity in both spleen (p=0.007) and lymph nodes (p=0.01) and reduced T and B cell numbers compared with WT. In CIA abrogation of Flt3 signaling led to decreased disease incidence and severity. As shown for steady-state conditions, in CIA Flt3L-/- mice showed reduced spleen and lymph node cellularity (p&lt;0.0001) but also reduced percentage of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> T cells compared with WT (p=0.03). Flt3L−/− CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells also produce significantly less IL-17 (p=0.016) and tumour necrosis factor α (p=0.010), and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells less interferon (IFNγ) (p=0.029) compared to WT. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mice lacking Flt3L are protected from collagen-induced arthritis. The authors observed that Flt3L deletion influences the magnitude (cell numbers) and quality (CD25 expression) of T cell responses. Stimulation of lymphocytes by different types of DC, DC at different stages of maturity and producing and responding to different growth factors might contribute for this change in T cell numbers and/or effector functions in Flt3L−/− mice. Targeting this signalling pathway might be considered as a good therapeutic strategy in RA.
Polymorphisms in the non-muscle myosin heavy chain 9 gene (MYH9) are strongly associated with end-stage renal disease historically attributed to hypertension in African Americans
Authors: Barry I. Freedman, Pamela J. Hicks, Meredith A. Bostrom, Mary E. Cunningham, Yongmei Liu, Jasmin Divers, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Cheryl A. Winkler, George W. Nelson, Carl D. Langefeld, Donald W. Bowden
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Enhanced cardiomyocyte transplantation with vascular endothelial growth factor and IGF transduction in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Masatomo Nakao, Jennifer Cho, Richard Wu, Erin Lewis, Feiran Lou, Haoyi Zheng, Rui Lui, Shunichi Homma, Mario Deng, Hal A. Skopicki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The Nurse's Quest for a Professional Identity
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

As 1981 progresses, the American Hospital Association is engaged in a major media campaign "to help hospitals successfully overcome their problems that relate to the current national nursing shortage" (see accompanying review). At the same time,<i>The Wall Street Journal</i>has reported that despite a professed love for nursing, some nurses in the Atlantic City area are forsaking their health-care assignments to work in the new gambling casinos. While all this is happening, many physicians are shaking their heads and wondering what has happened to the traditional physician-nurse relationship. Perhaps reading this book by Dr Cohen, who is director of psychological services for Chicago's Cook County School of Nursing, will bring the beginning of some understanding of the current status of nursing in the United States. She suggests that the underlying problems include "the lack of a theoretical system to delineate a unique body of knowledge, and the existence of
Amyloidosis of the Heart
Authors: Wolfgang Hauser
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Cardiac blood pool scan of a patient with congestive heart failure appeared to indicate marked increase of thickness of the myocardium. Autopsy revealed diffuse infiltration of the heart by amyloid. Because of the problem of the differential diagnosis on cardiac scans, between diffuse myocardial disease and pericardial disease the interventricular septum should be clearly demonstrated in all patients with a halo effect around the cardiac blood pool. With the technique described, this is possible even in patients without heart disease.
Growth stimulating activity associated with an altered cell renewal pattern in the small intestine.
Authors: V L Grey, J M Kenscoff, C L Morin
Journal: Gut (1987)

A growth stimulating activity has been recently identified in the rat proximal intestine during the transient stages of adaptation after small bowel resection. This study shows that the growth stimulating activity is associated with all the cells of the crypt-villus axis. At the same time the thymidine kinase activity is detectable in all the cells implying a more extensive proliferative zone during the transient stages of adaptation. The presence of the growth stimulating activity along with the more extensive proliferative zone suggests that the activity modulates the proliferation capacity of intestinal epithelial cells.
Abstract 4933: Novel insight into hallmark switch in cancer metabolism using the Interrogative Biology™ discovery platform
Authors: Niven R. Narain, Vivek Vishnudas, Eric Grund, Arleide Lee, Judith Alonzo, Shiuli Agarwal, John Caprice, Iya Khalil, Slava Akmaev, Colin Hill, Rangaprasasd Sarangarajan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer metabolism is an intergrative ensemble of disrupted enzyme kinetics and dysregulated metabolite utilization leading to loss of normal cellular function that is the result of a multi-factorial yet coordinated breakdown in vascular, immune, cell cycle, apoptotic, and ECM components. In actively metabolizing cancer, the switch from mitochondrial OXPHOS to anaerobic glycolysis is very well characterized and understood. Global cellular changes in response to metabolic switch have either been overlooked or not been primary interest or relevance to cancer metabolism. We describe a novel systems biology/engineering approach encompassing cell models that are conditioned under various oncogenic perturbations or environments and then coupled with functional bioenergetic read out such as employing the XF24 Seahorse Bioscience analyzer, ATP assays, and ROS production. The OCR and ECAR measurements generated by XF24 analyzer enabled quantifying the switch from aerobic to the anerobic mode of energy metabolism. Cellular profiles were captured in the form of multi-omic (proteomic, genomic, proteomic) signatures using high-throughput mass spectrometry based protocols. Analyses were performed on oncogenic breast, prostate, liver, pancreatic, skin (melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma) and were compared to normal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, hepatocytes, kidney cells, adipocytes, and human aortic and endothelial cells. High throughput data cascades from various cancer states were integrated with the metabolic data from the XF24 analyzer using an AI-based data mining platform to generate causal network based on bayesian models (REFS™ model). The output enables the understanding of differential mechanisms that drive glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS in a cancer versus normal environment. Further validation of prominent hub of activity as they partake as key drivers of metabolic end points by siRNA knockdown experiments followed by measurement using the XF24 analyzer confirmed the relevance of these hubs in cancer metabolism and their relevance as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for diagnostics development. The data output presented herein strongly suggest that the Interrogative Biology® platform is a key tool in deciphering differential network analysis pertinent to disease pathophysiology and bioenergetics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4933. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4933
RECOMBINATION WITHIN DXS52 (ST14) LOCUS IN FAMILY WITH HAEMOPHILIA A
Authors: HeatherE. Kirk, KatherineA. Robertson, ColinW. Hay, Siu-Li Yong, BarbaraC. Mcgillivray, GershonH. Growe, RossT.A. Macgillivray
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Simple and reliably sensitive diagnosis and monitoring of Philadelphia chromosome-positive cells in chronic myeloid leukemia by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization of peripheral blood cells
Authors: M Yanagi, K Shinjo, A Takeshita, T Tobita, K Yano, M Kobayashi, H Terasaki, T Naoe, K Ohnishi, R Ohno
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Conditions and Constraints for Astrocyte Calcium Signaling in the Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Pathway
Authors: Martin D. Haustein, Sebastian Kracun, Xiao-Hong Lu, Tiffany Shih, Olan Jackson-Weaver, Xiaoping Tong, Ji Xu, X. William Yang, Thomas J. O’Dell, Jonathan S. Marvin, Mark H. Ellisman, Eric A. Bushong, Loren L. Looger, Baljit S. Khakh
Journal: Neuron (2014)

The spatiotemporal activities of astrocyte Ca2+ signaling in mature neuronal circuits remain unclear. We used genetically encoded Ca2+ and glutamate indicators as well as pharmacogenetic and electrical control of neurotransmitter release to explore astrocyte activity in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway. Our data revealed numerous localized, spontaneous Ca2+ signals in astrocyte branches and territories, but these were not driven by neuronal activity or glutamate. Moreover, evoked astrocyte Ca2+ signaling changed linearly with the number of mossy fiber action potentials. Under these settings, astrocyte responses were global, suppressed by neurotransmitter clearance, and mediated by glutamate and GABA. Thus, astrocyte engagement in the fully developed mossy fiber pathway was slow and territorial, contrary to that frequently proposed for astrocytes within microcircuits. We show that astrocyte Ca2+ signaling functionally segregates large volumes of neuropil and that these transients are not suited for responding to, or regulating, single synapses in the mossy fiber pathway.
C-Reactive Protein and Risk for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shumin M. Zhang, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters4 October 2005C-Reactive Protein and Risk for Colorectal CancerShumin M. Zhang, MD, ScD and Paul M Ridker, MD, MPHShumin M. Zhang, MD, ScDFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.Search for more papers by this author and Paul M Ridker, MD, MPHFrom Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-7-200510040-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Mascitelli and Pezzetta suggest that abnormal glucose metabolism might be responsible for the null association that we observed between C-reactive protein levels and risk for colorectal cancer. We conducted an analysis excluding 681 women who reported a history of diabetes mellitus at baseline from our study sample, and the associations between C-reactive protein and risk for colorectal cancer did not appreciably change. The multivariable hazard ratios and their corresponding 95% CIs according to cutoff points for C-reactive protein were 0.74 (95% CI, 0.49 to 1.11) for the category of 1 to 3 mg/L and 0.66 (CI, 0.42 ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoC-Reactive Protein Levels Are Not Associated with Increased Risk for Colorectal Cancer in Women Shumin M. Zhang , Julie E. Buring , I-Min Lee , Nancy R. Cook , and Paul M. Ridker C-Reactive Protein and Risk for Colorectal Cancer Luca Mascitelli and Francesca Pezzetta Metrics 4 October 2005Volume 143, Issue 7Page: 544KeywordsC-reactive proteinsColorectal cancerConflicts of interestDiabetes mellitusGlucose metabolismRisk management ePublished: 4 October 2005 Issue Published: 4 October 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Extracts from "Clinical Evidence": Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: P. C Gotzsche
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Definition Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects and inhibit thrombocyte aggregation. The drugs have no documented effect on the disease process itself.

Incidence/prevalence NSAIDs are widely used. Almost 10% of people in the Netherlands had used a non-aspirin NSAID in 1987; the overall use was 11 defined daily doses (see box) per 1000 persons a day.1 In Australia in 1994, overall use was 35 defined daily doses per 1000 persons a day, with 36% of the people receiving NSAIDs for osteoarthritis, 42% for sprain and strain or low back pain, and 4% for rheumatoid arthritis; 35% were aged over 60 years.2

Aims To reduce symptoms in rheumatic disorders; to avoid severe gastrointestinal adverse effects.

Outcomes Primary outcomes: pain intensity, person's preference for one drug over another, global efficacy, and clinically significant gastrointestinal complications. Secondary outcomes: number of tender joints, perforation, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, dyspepsia, and ulcer detected by routine endoscopy.

Defined daily dose : The assumed average daily dose for the main indication of a specified drug. The defined daily dose per 1000 population per day is an estimate of the proportion of that population receiving treatment with that drug.

We searched Medline and the Cochrane Library in July 1999 for systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that included at least 100 people. More than 100 meta-analyses and thousands of RCTs have compared various NSAIDs. Many trials are unpublished or published in sources that are not indexed in publicly available databases. The quality of the trials is variable and bias is common, both in the design and analysis of the trials, to such an extent that a systematic review identified false significant findings favouring new drugs over control drugs in 6% of trials.3

#### Interventions

##### Beneficial:

NSAIDs in rheumatoid arthritis

Misoprostol in high risk patients who …
Corneal Trauma in a 6-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Edmund Tsui, Erin M Salcone
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Recombinant Pru p 3 and natural Pru p 3, a major peach allergen, show equivalent immunologic reactivity: A new tool for the diagnosis of fruit allergy
Authors: Araceli Díaz-Perales, María L. Sanz, Gloria García-Casado, Rosa Sánchez-Monge, Francisco J. García-Selles, Manuel Lombardero, Florentino Polo, Pedro M. Gamboa, Domingo Barber, Gabriel Salcedo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Intravascular Coagulation with Use of Human Prothrombin Complex Concentrates
Authors: ANDREW I. CEDERBAUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Prothrombin complex concentrates are used in the treatment of the congenital bleeding disorders associated with Factors II, VII, IX, and X deficiencies. They have also been extensively used to treat acquired coagulation abnormalities secondary to vitamin K deficiency, warfarin ingestion, and various types of liver disease. The reported complications of prothrombin complex concentrates administration include hepatitis, anaphylaxis, and thrombosis. This paper documents the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation in association with the administration of prothrombin complex concentrates to patients with liver disease.
THE OCCURRENCE OF PARATHYROIDS ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE THYROID GLAND
Authors: RAYMUND J. MILLZNER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

One of the great problems in thyroid surgery has always been the avoidance of injury to the parathyroids. Early surgeons soon found that total thyroidectomy frequently led to fatal tetany. Such postoperative tetany was first described in 1881 by Weiss in Billroth's clinic. Tetany at first was confused with the symptoms of hypothyroidism following total thyroidectomy, and the two were regarded as different expressions of the same condition. Attempts to solve this problem by animal experimentation led at first to contradictory and confusing results. Schiff, in 1884, showed that total thyroidectomy in cats and dogs led almost invariably to tetany and death. On the other hand, total thyroidectomy in rabbits and other herbivorararely produced tetany but was followed by the development of cachexia strumipriva. For a time an explanation was not offered for these diverse results. In 1891, Gley published a series of papers describing the effect of experimental total
Regulator finds catalogue of failings at Bristol centre exposed by television documentary
Authors: A. Cole
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Winterbourne View, the learning disabilities hospital exposed by a BBC Panorama programme earlier this year, was guilty of “a systemic failure to protect people [and] to investigate allegations of abuse,” the health watchdog for England, the Care Quality Commission, has said.

The alleged abuse of patients revealed by Panorama ’s secret filming at the Bristol assessment and treatment centre has led to an investigation by the commission of all services run by Castlebeck Care, Winterbourne View’s owner, and the arrest of 12 people ( BMJ 2011;342:d3482, doi:10.1136/bmj.d3482).

The commission has admitted that it failed to act quickly enough after …
Managed care, mental health, and the marketplace
Authors: R. E. Cann
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —In response to the Commentary by Drs Jellinek and Nurcombe, 1 I would point out that there are other more realistic views as to what is occurring in US psychiatry.  To focus on the profit motive as the explanation of the changes is similar to dismissing the Industrial Revolution as simply an attempt by the capitalists to exploit the proletariat. Psychiatrists may mourn the passing of their golden age of innocence and independence, but the traditional covenant between physician and patient has undergone many modifications over the centuries growing out of an interplay between societal needs and the individual interests of both parties.  The health care provision system is beginning to focus on managing the health of whole populations in the context of limited resources, rather than doing everything possible for the individual patient. Clinicians must be part of a larger system providing greater access to care