tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-10-02: Young Age Is Associated with Increased Risk of Local Recurrence Following Breast Conservation Surgery
Authors: JC Boughey, RE Gullerud, AC Degnim, JW Jakub, CM. Lohse
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background Local recurrence after breast conservation surgery (BCS) varies with clinical risk factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate how local recurrence rates vary by patient age at time of BCS. Methods With IRB approval, all patients undergoing BCS for primary breast cancer between 1988 and 2001 at Mayo Clinic, Rochester were identified. Patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy were excluded. Local recurrence-free survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Associations with local recurrence-free survival were evaluated using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results 3,075 patients underwent 3,143 BCS between 1988 and 2001. Mean age at BCS was 61 years (range 21-98). There were 177 (5.6%) patients aged &amp;lt;40, 496 (15.8%) 40-49, 763 (24.3%) 50-59, 803 (25.6%) 60-69, and 904 (28.8%) who were 70+ years old at time of surgery. At last follow-up, 214 patients (6.9%) experienced a local recurrence at a median of 3.4 years following BCS (range 0.1-14.4). Median follow-up for patients who did not experience a local recurrence was 8.7 years (range 0.0-20.2). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate was 95.0%. The frequency of local recurrences by age group were as follows: age &amp;lt;40 — 11.9%; age 40-49 — 5.9%; age 50-59 — 5.9%; age 60-69 — 7.6%; age 70 and older — 6.4%. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates for these age groups were 90.0%, 95.4%, 95.6%, 95.4%, and 94.7%, respectively (p=0.041; log-rank test). On univariate analysis, patients &amp;lt;40 years old were nearly twice as likely to experience a local recurrence following BCS compared with patients DCIS was associated with an increased risk of local recurrence compared with T1, T2, T3, or T4 disease (HR 2.25; P&amp;lt;0.001). Factors associated with a decreased risk of local recurrence on univariate analysis included ER positivity (HR 0.46; P&amp;lt;0.001), PR positivity (HR 0.60; p=0.001), adjuvant radiation (HR 0.48; p=0.007) and endocrine therapy (HR 0.65; p=0.012). Multivariate analysis of patients with complete data (n=2126) demonstrated that age &amp;lt;40 and node positivity were associated with an increased risk of local recurrence, while ER positivity, adjuvant radiation and endocrine therapy were associated with a decreased risk of local recurrence. Multivariable analysis of local recurrence after BCS Conclusion Risk factors for local recurrence after BCS include young age, node positivity, ER and PR negativity and absence of adjuvant radiation and endocrine therapy. Patients under age 40 are at increased risk of local recurrence following BCS for breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-10-02.
Jean-Baptiste Belley
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erratum: Corrigendum: Aiolos promotes TH17 differentiation by directly silencing Il2 expression
Authors: Francisco J Quintana, Hulin Jin, Evan J Burns, Meghan Nadeau, Ada Yeste, Deepak Kumar, Manu Rangachari, Chen Zhu, Sheng Xiao, John Seavitt, Katia Georgopoulos, Vijay K Kuchroo
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Plasma fibrinopeptide A levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with alteplase. Correlation with concomitant heparin, coronary artery patency, and recurrent ischemia. The European Cooperative Study Group.
Authors: H J Rapold, D de Bono, A E Arnold, J Arnout, F De Cock, D Collen, M Verstraete
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Fibrin generation during and after therapy with alteplase may depend on the level of concomitant anticoagulation. The hypothesis that fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels, as markers of ongoing in vivo fibrin formation, correlate with the angiographic and clinical outcome of thrombolysis is tested. METHODS AND RESULTS Serial plasma FPA levels were determined in 334 patients of the randomized European Cooperative Study Group trial comparing heparin versus placebo plus alteplase and aspirin in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Median FPA levels (with the 10th to 90th percentiles) were 21 ng/ml (2-390 ng/ml) before treatment in placebo-allocated patients (n = 166) and increased to 49 (15-580), 34 (4-320), 27 (2-240), 29 (2-430), and 30 (3-390) ng/ml after 0.75, 3, 12, 24, and 36 hours, respectively. In heparin-allocated patients (n = 168), median baseline FPA values were 18 ng/ml (2-210 ng/ml) and decreased to 6 (1-110), 5 (1-75), 5 (1-60), 7 (1-100), and 10 (1-170) ng/ml at corresponding time points (p less than 0.0001 for the difference at each time point). Adequate anticoagulation, defined as no activated partial thromboplastin time value below twice the pretreatment value at 3, 12, 24, and 36 hours after initiation of treatment, was obtained in 48 patients assigned to heparin. It was associated with normal median FPA levels (less than or equal to 4 ng/ml) at all time points compared with 12 (2-80), 16 (2-240), and 15 (2-240) ng/ml at 12, 24, and 36 hours, respectively, in heparin-assigned but inadequately anticoagulated patients (n = 102, p less than 0.001 for each time point). In the heparin-treated group, median FPA values tended to be lower at all time points in patients with patent vessels than in patients with occluded arteries, but the difference was significant only at 24 hours (p = 0.04). FPA levels did not correlate with clinically apparent recurrent ischemia or with left ventricular thrombosis on two-dimensional echocardiography. CONCLUSIONS During and after thrombolytic therapy with alteplase, the enhanced fibrin generation is suppressed by sustained concomitant anticoagulation with intravenous heparin. Adequate anticoagulation warrants individual titration of the heparin dose. High plasma FPA levels 24 hours after alteplase therapy are specific but insensitive markers of vessel occlusion in anticoagulated patients. They do not correlate with clinical outcome.
Accidental kidney biopsies in psoriasis
Authors: H. ZACHARIAE, E. GRUNNET, H. SoGAARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Eight accidental kidney biopsies in psoriatics were obtained together with 429 liver biopsies. None of the biopsies showed signs of renal damage. All patients had severe psoriasis, six had been treated with methotrexate for 1-2-6 years, receiving total dosages from 660 to 1757 g.
Fluid Transfer in the Everted Human Gallbladder *
Authors: Gerald R. Onstad, Leslie J. Schoenfield, John A. Higgins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

The rates of fluid transfer across human gallbladders obtained at cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis were determined by the measurement of weight changes of everted preparations under controlled conditions. Active transport of fluid from the mucosal to the serosal surface was indicated since weight gain occurred with the same solution on both sides of the membrane and against hydrostatic, osmotic, and potential differences. With respect to sodium, the fluid transferred was isotonic to the bathing solutions. Metabolic inhibitors and temperature extremes inhibited weight gain. In addition, muscle contractions in this in vitro preparation were related to the rates and direction of fluid movement. Cholecystokinin increased muscle activity and caused weight loss in preparations that previously had gained weight. Norepinephrine caused weight gain or increased weight gain in all preparations tested. The direction of net fluid movement in the isolated everted human gallbladder was determined by the opposing forces of active mucosal transport and a filtration pressure generated by muscle contractions.
Extracorporeal Hemodialysis in Phenothiazine Overdosage
Authors: Morrell M. Avram
Journal: JAMA (1966)

SINCE 1962, 152 patients have been treated for drug overdosage by hemodialysis at the Long Island College Hospital. Seventy-three patients in this group had ingested phenothiazine alone or various combinations of phenothiazine along with barbiturates, meprobamate, chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, glutethimide, diphenylhydantoin, hydroxyphenamate, and mebutamate.<sup>1</sup>Phenothiazine is ingested by a large number of patients due to the frequency with which this drug is used as a primary or ancillary agent in attempted suicides, especially among psychotics who already are receiving large doses of phenothiazines. Both the Kolff and Kiil dialyzers have been used for drug intoxication by the hemodialysis team at the Long Island College Hospital. The greatest number of patients have been dialyzed on the Kolff machine, because of its more rapid flow rate, clearance, and shorter assembly time. It was noted that there was no improvement clinically at the end of nine to ten hours of twin-coil dialysis in
Computational models and empirical constraints
Authors: Zenon W. Pylyshyn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1978)

Abstract It is argued that the traditional distinction between artificial intelligence and cognitive simulation amounts to little more than a difference in style of research - a different ordering in goal priorities and different methodological allegiances. Both enterprises are constrained by empirical considerations and both are directed at understanding classes of tasks that are defined by essentially psychological criteria. Because of the different ordering of priorities, however, they occasionally take somewhat different stands on such issues as the power/generality trade-off and on the relevance of the sort of data collected in experimental psychology laboratories. Computational systems are more than a tool for checking the consistency and completeness of theoretical ideas. They are ways of empirically exploring the adequacy of methods and of discovering task demands. For psychologists, computational systems should be viewed as functional models quite independent of (and likely not reducible to) neurophysiological systems, and cast at a level of abstraction appropriate for capturing cognitive generalizations. As model objects, however, they do present a serious problem of interpretation and communication since the task of extracting the relevant theoretical principles from a large complex program may be formidable. Methodologies for validating computer programs as cognitive models are briefly described. These may be classified as intermediate state, relative complexity, and component analysis methods. Compared with the constraints imposed by criteria such as sufficiency, breadth, and extendability, these experimentally based methods are relatively weak and may be most useful after some top-down progress is made in the understanding of methods sufficient for relevant tasks - such as may be forthcoming from artificial intelligence research.
The Athlete With A Chronic Condition
Authors: Paul F. Schrode
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The "chronic conditions" which affect athletes compose so heterogenous a mixture that it has not been possible to set forth specific guide-lines. The experiences reported here are derived exclusively from working with college and secondary school athletes. Only secondhand knowledge about professional athletes influences these observations. I have not formulated an explicit policy on how an athlete with a chronic condition should be handled, because no policy could be sufficiently elastic or inclusive to apply to all cases. Judgments become highly individualized when based on total considerations of the circumstances involving any given case. Only basic criteria evolve, which are more or less generally applicable. <h3>The Convulsive Disorder</h3> A convenient approach consists of selecting an example, and examining all the facets which reflect light from it. Let us consider the athlete who gives a history of a convulsive disorder, especially one with an antecedent history of a head injury, which
Outcomes After Diagnosis of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome Before 30 Years of Age
Authors: Weiyun Z. Ai, Theresa H. Keegan, David J. Press, Juan Yang, Laura B. Pincus, Youn H. Kim, Ellen T. Chang
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome (MF/SS) are rare in children and young adults, and thus the incidence and outcomes in this patient population are not well studied.To assess the incidence and outcomes of MF/SS in patients diagnosed before 30 years of age.Retrospective study of 2 population-based cancer registries-the California Cancer Registry (n = 204) and 9 US cancer registries of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER 9; n = 195)-for patients diagnosed with MF/SS before 30 years of age.Overall survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The risk of a second cancer was assessed by calculating the standard incidence ratio (SIR) comparing observed cancer incidence in patients with MF/SS with the expected incidence in the age-, sex-, and race-standardized general population.The incidence of MF/SS is rare before 30 years of age, with an incidence rate of 0.05 per 100,000 persons per year before age 20 years and 0.12 per 100,000 persons per year between ages 20 and 29 years in the California Cancer Registry. At 10 years, patients with MF/SS had an overall survival of 94.3% (95% CI, 89.6%-97.2%) in the California Cancer Registry and 88.9% (95% CI, 82.4%-93.2%) in SEER 9. In SEER 9, there was a significant excess risk of all types of second cancers combined (SIR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.55-6.45), particularly lymphoma (SIR, 12.86; 95% CI, 2.65-37.59) and melanoma (SIR, 9.31; 95% CI, 8.75-33.62). In the California Cancer Registry, the SIR for risk of all types of second cancers was similar to that in SEER 9 (SIR, 3.45; 95% CI, 0.94-8.83), although not statistically significant.Young patients with MF/SS have a favorable outcome, despite a strong suggestion of an increased risk of second primary cancers. Prolonged follow-up is warranted to definitively assess their risk of developing second cancers in a lifetime.
Abstract 3448: Subtypes of medulloblastoma have distinct developmental origins
Authors: Paul Gibson, Yiai Tong, Giles Robinson, Helen Poppleton, Margaret C. Thompson, David S. Currle, Christopher Eden, Twala L. Hogg, David Finkelstein, Stanley Pounds, Zoltan Patay, Matthew Scoggins, Yanxin Pei, Robert Ogg, Youngsoo Lee, Frederique Zindy, Janet C. Lindsey, Frederic A. Boop, Amar Gajjar, Steven C. Clifford, Martine F. Roussel, Peter J. McKinnon, David W. Ellison, Robert Wechsler-Reya, David H. Gutmann, Richard J. Gilbertson
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Medulloblastoma encompasses a collection of clinically and molecularly diverse tumor subtypes that together comprise the most common malignant childhood brain tumor. These tumors are thought to arise within the cerebellum, with approximately 25% originating from granule neuron precursor cells (GNPCs) following aberrant activation of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway (hereafter, SHH-subtype). The pathological processes that drive heterogeneity among the other medulloblastoma subtypes are not known, hindering the development of much needed new therapies. Here, we provide evidence that a discrete subtype of medulloblastoma that contains activating mutations in the WNT pathway effector CTNNB1 (hereafter, WNT-subtype), arises outside the cerebellum from cells of the lower rhombic lip (LRL). We found that genes marking human WNT-subtype medulloblastomas are more frequently expressed in the LRL and embryonic dorsal brainstem than in the upper rhombic lip (URL) and developing cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intra-operative reports showed that human WNT-subtype tumors infiltrate the dorsal brainstem, while SHH-subtype tumors are located within the cerebellar hemispheres. Activating mutations in Ctnnb1 had little impact on progenitor cell populations in the cerebellum, but caused an aberrant accumulation of proliferating precursor cells within the LRL. These lesions persisted in the dorsal brainstem of all mutant adult mice and in 15% of cases in which Tp53 was concurrently deleted, progressed to form medulloblastomas that modeled faithfully the anatomy and gene expression profiles of human WNT-subtype medulloblastoma. We provide the first evidence that subtypes of medulloblastoma have distinct cellular origins. Our data provide an explanation for the marked molecular and clinical differences between SHH and WNT-subtype medulloblastomas and have profound implications for future research and treatment of this important childhood cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3448. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3448
T-lymphocyte heterogeneity in the rat: separation of functional subpopulations using a monoclonal antibody.
Authors: R A White, D W Mason, A F Williams, G Galfre, C Milstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

W3/25 antibody is the monoclonal product of a hybrid cell resulting from the fusion of a mouse myeloma cell line with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with rat thymocytes. Pure clones have been derived, and segregants free of parental myeloma chains have been isolated. Previous studies have shown that this antibody recognizes a subpopulation of T cells among rat thoracic duct lymphocytes. In the work reported here, three T-cell functions were assayed after separating rat thoracic duct lymphocytes on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter on the basis of labeling with W3/25 antibody. Two of the functional activities appeared to be completely segregated by this procedure. Thus, helper cell activity for an anti-hapten plaque-forming cell response was confined to the labeled population, whereas the allogeneic suppressive effect produced in a parental vector F1 adoptive transfer was mediated by cells in the unlabeled fraction. The third function, graft-versus-host activity, was almost entirely contained within the labeled subpopulation. It is concluded that the antigenic determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody W3/25 is a differentiation marker for T-cell functional subpopulations.
Workshop to develop a framework for assessing risks to children from exposure to environmental agents.
Authors: Stephen S Olin, Babasaheb R Sonawane
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Characterization of children's health risks from environmental exposures requires special consideration of life-stage-specific periods of unique susceptibility in relation to childhood activities, behaviors, and intakes. At a workshop in Stowe, Vermont, in mid-summer 2001, 54 experts developed a systematic conceptual framework for assessing the impact of these factors on children's risks. This meeting report provides a brief overview of the workshop.
USE OF ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT IN DETECTION OF SKIN CHANGES
Authors: Herman Goodman
Journal: JAMA (1946)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The articles on Wood's light fluorescence of the nails from quinacrine hydrochloride (atabrine) medication (The Journal, July 6, pages 808 and 809) impel me to call attention to a little known mode of production of these zones of radiation. A conventional appearing incandescent bulb has become available. It operates on any house current through the usual outlet. The bulb is Westinghouse Purple X, 250 watt, a 21 screw light socket. On either direct or alternating current this bulb produces ultraviolet radiation and some visible violet. It permits observation of fluorescence of the human skin, hair and nails in a darkened room or closet. The atabrine fluorescence is easily visible on the nails demarcated from the normal nail fluorescence. The operating temperature of the bulb is high, equivalent to a photo flood lamp of the same wattage. The person operating the lamp and the patient must be protected.
Defective hepatitis B virus DNA is not associated with disease status but is reduced by polymerase mutations associated with drug resistance
Authors: Scott Preiss, Margaret Littlejohn, Peter Angus, Alex Thompson, Paul Desmond, Sharon R. Lewin, Joe Sasadeusz, Gail Matthews, Gregory J. Dore, Tim Shaw, Vitini Sozzi, Lilly Yuen, George Lau, Anna Ayres, Chloe Thio, Anchalee Avihingsanon, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Stephen Locarnini, Peter A. Revill
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Defective hepatitis B virus DNA (dDNA) is reverse-transcribed from spliced hepatitis B virus (HBV) pregenomic messenger RNA (pgRNA) and has been identified in patients with chronic HBV (CH-B). The major 2.2-kb spliced pgRNA encodes a novel HBV gene product, the hepatitis B splice protein (HBSP) via a deletion and frame shift within the polymerase. Although spliced RNA and HBSP expression have been associated with increased HBV DNA levels and liver fibrosis, the role of dDNA in HBV-associated disease is largely undefined. Our aims were to (1) compare the relative proportions of dDNA (% dDNA) in a range of HBV-infected serum samples, including patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HBV coinfection and HBV-monoinfected persons with differing severities of liver disease, and (2) determine the effect of mutations associated with drug resistance on defective DNA production. Defective DNA was detected in 90% of persons with CH-B. There was no significant difference in the relative abundance of dDNA between the monoinfected and HIV/HBV-coinfected groups. We also found no association between the % dDNA and alanine aminotransferase, hepatitis B e antigen status, HBV DNA levels, fibrosis levels, compensated or decompensated liver cirrhosis, genotype, or drug treatment. However, the % dDNA was significantly lower in individuals infected with lamivudine-resistant (LMV-R) HBV compared with wild-type HBV (P < 0.0001), indicating that antiviral drug resistance alters the balance between defective and genomic length DNA in circulation. Experiments in vitro using HBV encoding LMV-R mutations confirmed these results.Our results identified no association between dDNA and parameters associated with disease status and suggested that the relative abundance of dDNA is largely dependent on the integrity of the HBV polymerase and is unrelated to the severity of liver disease.
Measurement of respiratory rate in the newborn.
Authors: H B Valman, B M Wright, C Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Overdose of trilostaneTrilostane is a new blocker of synthesis of glucocorticoids.We report the first recorded case of trilostane overdose. Case reportA 29 year old woman was admitted after ingesting lorazepam 50 mg, 40 tablets of a combination diuretic (each containing hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg and amiloride 5 mg), and 60 trilostane capsules (each containing 60 mg).She was taking trilostane for premenstrual tension, which was thought to be a component of her long standing depression.There was no history of hypertension or renal impairment.On examination she was drowsy but on 10 August