tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative acute and subchronic toxicity of ethylene glycol monopropyl ether and ethylene glycol monopropyl ether acetate.
Authors: G V Katz, W J Krasavage, C J Terhaar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The acute toxicity of ethylene glycol monopropyl ether (EGPE) and ethylene glycol monopropyl ether acetate (EGPEA) was determined in a series of standardized tests. The oral LD50 in rats was 3089 and 9456 mg/kg EGPE and EGPEA, respectively. Skin irritation was slight following an occluded single dose application of either compound to the guinea pig abdomen. The dermal LD50 for guinea pigs was 1 to 5 mL/kg and greater than 20 mL/kg EGPE and EGPEA, respectively. EGPE produced a very weak positive sensitization response in one of five guinea pigs. No positive response was elicited when 10 guinea pigs were similarly challenged with EGPEA. EGPE produced transient moderate to severe eye irritation in rabbits while EGPEA produced slight eye irritation. Subchronic toxicity was determined in a series of oral and inhalation studies. Groups of 10 male rats were dosed with 15, 7.5, 3.75 or 1.88 mmole/kg EGPE and 30, 15 or 7.5 mmole/kg EGPEA by gavage 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Hemoglobinuria was seen at least once at all dose levels of both compounds. EGPE had little effect on feed consumption or body weight gain, while body weight gain was reduced in the two high dose groups exposed to EGPEA and feed consumption was reduced at all dose levels. Hematologic changes were seen at all dose levels of both compounds. Absolute and/or relative spleen weights were increased at all but the lowest EGPE dose level and at all EGPEA dose levels. Gross and histopathologic examinations revealed significant effects on the spleen of animals exposed to EGPE and on the spleen, liver, kidney and testes of animals exposed to EGPEA. The no-observed effect level (NOEL) for splenic changes was 1.88 mmole/kg EGPE. A NOEL for hematology was not established. The NOEL for liver and testicular changes were 15 and 7.5 mmole/kg EGPEA, respectively while a NOEL for hematologic, splenic and renal changes was not established. Groups of 10 rats (5M, 5F) were exposed to 800, 400, 200 or 100 ppm EGPE or EGPEA 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for a total of 11 exposures. Body weight gains in all exposure groups were comparable to controls. Hemoglobinuria was seen only after the first or second exposure in males and females exposed to 800 ppm EGPE and in males exposed to 400 ppm EGPE. Males and females exposed to 800 ppm EGPEA and females exposed to 400 and 200 ppm EGPEA also exhibited hemoglobinuria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
THE ETIOLOGY AND RESULTS OF TREATMENT IN ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA AND URTICARIA
Authors: FRANK R. MENAGH
Journal: JAMA (1928)

This paper embodies the experience gained in the study and treatment of 260 cases of angioneurotic edema and urticaria. No distinction is made between these two disorders. It is assumed that they are the same process, involving in the case of urticaria the superficial layers of the skin, and in angioneurotic edema the subcutaneous tissues. In some instances other tissues may be involved also, as in the type of epilepsy due to allergic reaction. The point of view from which these observations are made is that in these cases the disorder is allergic, and that in every case there is a definite etiology. This etiologic factor is always the absorption of some foreign protein by a sensitive individual, just as in hay-fever and bronchial asthma. Successful treatment in hay-fever and bronchial asthma depends on first determining what foreign protein or proteins are responsible for the reaction. The offending substance is
<i>Cardiobacterium hominis</i> endocarditis associated with very severe thrombocytopenia and platelet autoantibodies
Authors: Donald M. Arnold, Fiona Smaill, Theodore E. Warkentin, Lisa Christjanson, Irwin Walker
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Severe thrombocytopenia is a life‐threatening condition. It is often associated with immune‐mediated platelet destruction or myeloablative chemotherapy. Infective endocarditis has been associated with thrombocytopenia, which, as in sepsis, tends to be mild and is often the result of several pathological mechanisms. We report a case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis associated with very severe thrombocytopenia and bleeding in a patient who refused platelet transfusion. Platelet autoantibodies directed against glycoprotein (Gp) IIb/IIIa and Gp Ib/IX were detected during active infection using a glycoprotein‐specific assay. Successful treatment of C. hominis endocarditis was associated with loss of platelet autoantibodies and recovery of the platelet count. This report illustrates that the development of platelet autoantibodies can contribute to very severe thrombocytopenia in occasional patients with infective endocarditis. Am. J. Hematol. 76:373–377, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Virtual bronchoscopy and 3D spiral CT reconstructions in the management of kyphosis induced tracheal compression
Authors: N Moorjani
Journal: Thorax (2004)

An 85 year old woman presented to the Accident & Emergency department with a fractured neck of humerus. She had a history of severe osteoporosis and was being treated with alendronic acid and calcium carbonate. Physical examination revealed marked kyphosis with a 90 degree forward curvature of the thoracic spine. Following treatment of her humeral fracture with a collar and cuff, she developed stridor and then a respiratory arrest requiring resuscitation and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. On further questioning the patient …
P11.10 * CEREBRAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN A DIFFUSE LARGE B CELL LYMPHOMA PATIENT
Authors: L. Savsek, T. Ros-Opaskar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic protozoal infection that has until now possibly been an underestimated cause of encephalitis in patients with hematological malignancies, independent of stem cell or bone marrow transplant. T and B cell depleting regimens are probably an important risk factor for reactivation of a latent toxoplasma infection in seropositive patients with hematological malignancies. CASE REPORT: We present a 62 year-old HIV negative right-handed Caucasian female with diffuse large B cell lymphoma that presented with sudden onset of high fever, pancytopenia, headache, altered mental status and ataxia a few days after receiving her final, 8th cycle of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, prednisolone) chemotherapy regimen. On the basis of CT imaging, which revealed diffuse hypodensities spreading from the right cerebral hemisphere across corpus callosum into the left cerebral hemisphere, with additional hypodensities involving the cerebellum, a progression of lymphoma to the central nerve system (CNS) was suspected. However, MRI of the head revealed multiple T2 and FLAIR hyperintense parenchymal lesions with mild surrounding edema, located in both cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres, that were hypointense on T1 sequences and demonstrated moderate rim enhancement after contrast administration. The CSF PCR was positive for Toxoplasma gondii and serological analysis revealed borderline positive IgG and negative IgM antibodies. The patient was diagnosed with toxoplasmic encephalitis and succesfully treated with sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine and folic acid. At follow-up, neurological deficits were almost completely reversed and MRI showed partial resolution of cerebral lesions and reduction of edema. Due to the need for maintenance therapy with rituximab for lymphoma remission, the patient now continues with secondary prophylaxis of toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSION: With this case report we wish to emphasize the need to consider cerebral toxoplasmosis in patients with hematological malignancies on immunosuppresive therapy when presenting with new cognitive or neurologic deficits. In such patients, numerous differential diagnoses for cerebral toxoplasmosis exist, among which CNS lymphoma is the most difficult to distinguish from. Left untreated, cerebral toxoplasmosis has a high mortality rate, therefore early recognition and treatment is of essential importance.
Venereal Disease vs Bowen's Disease-Reply
Authors: Hermann Pinkus
Journal: JAMA (1977)

We read Dr Letchie's letter with interest and wish he had supported his opinion "that most people with a knowledge of the histopathology of viral infections... would opt for Bowen's disease being a viral infection" with literary references or other objective data. To our knowledge, while a relation of Bowen's disease to arsenic intake has been supported, no convincing evidence for viral etiology has been adduced.<sup>1</sup>The one instance in which generalized human virus warts are definitely associated with the development of carcinomas is epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and the resulting invasive squamous cell carcinomas do not usually have a bowenoid phase.<sup>1</sup> Dr McLetchie seems to have missed the simple message we tried to convey. After many decades during which viral warts of the genitalia have been known to have the characteristic orderly histologic structure of "condyloma acuminatum," there is now a rash of lesions that clinically are condylomata
The Role of the Plasma from Platelet Concentrates in Transfusion Reactions
Authors: Nancy M. Heddle, Luba Klama, Joel Singer, Carl Richards, Paul Fedak, Irwin Walker, John G. Kelton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Febrile, nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are the most frequent adverse reactions to platelets. A number of observations argue against the widely held view that these reactions result from the interaction between antileukocyte antibodies in the recipient and leukocytes in the platelet product. We sought to determine whether substances in the plasma or the cells in the product cause reactions to transfused platelets.We separated standard platelet concentrates into their plasma and cellular components and then transfused both portions in random order. Patients were monitored for reactions during all transfusions. Before each transfusion, the concentration of cytokines (interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6) was measured in the platelet products. Studies were also performed on the platelet products to determine the effect of storage on the concentration of cytokines.Sixty-four pairs of platelet-product components (the plasma supernatant and the cells) were administered to 12 patients. There were 20 reactions to the plasma supernatant and 6 reactions to the cells (chi-square = 6.50, P = 0.009). Eight transfusions were associated with reactions to both products. The plasma component was more likely to cause severe reactions than the cells (chi-square = 9.6, P < 0.01). A strong positive correlation was observed between the reactions and the concentration of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in the plasma supernatant (P < 0.001 and P = 0.034, respectively). In vitro studies demonstrated that interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 concentrations rise progressively in stored platelets and that these concentrations are related to the leukocyte count in the platelet product.Bioreactive substances in the plasma supernatant of the platelet product cause most febrile reactions associated with platelet transfusions. Removing the plasma supernatant before transfusion can minimize or prevent these reactions.
BLUE PYOKTANIN IN THE TREATMENT OF INOPERABLE MALIGNANT GROWTHS.
Authors: Henry R Slack
Journal: JAMA (1897)

There is no disease to which flesh is heir that so appeals to the sympathy of the physician as an inoperable case of cancer. Not even consumption's ghastly form is so dreadful to the patient and to the physician hopeless of results. The sufferer from tuberculosis is almost invariably buoyed up by an ever present but delusive hope that "as soon as I get rid of this heavy cold I will be all right," but the cancer patient is bereft of hope. He sees the vultures, Prometheus like, feeding upon his vitals, but has little hope of Hercules coming to the rescue. Now, what are we to do in such cases? To dismiss them because we can not promise cures would be inhuman and cowardly. These patients should be<i>treated</i>on the same principles as those unfortunate beings afflicted with chronic nephritis, consumption or any other disease recognized as incurable.
Royal college issues new guidelines on gifts from drugs companies
Authors: A. McGuaran
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Updated guidelines setting out boundaries for relationships between hospital doctors and healthcare firms are contained in a new paper from the Royal College of Physicians.

First produced in 1986, the advice defines the current position of the college on hospitality for meetings, gifts, grants, research, declarations of interest, and doctors acting as consultants to industry. It extends the coverage of guidance beyond pharmaceutical companies to include all biomedical firms.

The report, in the July-August edition of the college's journal Clinical Medicine (2002;2: 320-2), sees a danger that money from biomedical firms might be used to interfere with a physician's independent professional judgment.

Dr John Collins, medical director at the Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Trust, is joint author of the paper with treasurer of the Royal College of Physicians, Dr John Bennett.

Dr Collins said, “We are widening the guidelines to other organisations and probably being more prescriptive in terms of third party handling of funds. Always have your financial arrangements done through a third party.”

He believes that inappropriate relationships with business are much less likely than in the 1980s but adds: “I suspect that the vast majority of practising clinicians do not prescribe medicines because a company has funded them to go to a conference. However, if you were a non-medically qualified individual looking at a …
Very low levels of surface CD45 reflect CLL cell fragility, are inversely correlated with trisomy 12 and are associated with increased treatment‐free survival
Authors: David Rizzo, Angad Lotay, Nathalie Gachard, Ibtissam Marfak, Jean‐Luc Faucher, Franck Trimoreau, Estelle Guérin, Dominique Bordessoule, Arnaud Jaccard, Jean Feuillard
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

It has recently been suggested that the percentage of smudge cells on blood smears from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) could predict overall survival. However, smudge cells are a cytological artifact influenced by multiple physical factors not related to CLL. To identify simple parameters reflecting CLL cell fragility, we studied CD45 expression in a series of 66 patients with Binet stage A CLL. Decreased CD45 expression was specific for CLL cells when compared to 44 patients with a leukemic phase of B-cell non Hodgkin lymphoma and 42 control B-cells. CD45 expression was markedly decreased for all patients with CLL with high percentages of smudge cells. CLL cells with the lowest CD45 expression were the most sensitive to osmotic shock. Very low levels of CD45 expression were significantly associated with lack of CD38 expression, absence of trisomy 12, and with increased treatment free survival time. Altogether, these results demonstrate that low levels of CD45 expression are specific to CLL cells and reflect cell fragility, suggesting that this is an important intrinsic biological feature that determines disease course.
Psittacosis in Man — Recent Developments in the UK: A Review
Authors: S R Palmer
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

Psittacosis was first recognized as a disease associated with psittacine birds by Ritter in 1897, although the name itself was coined by Morange in 1895. The most notable event since that time was an epidemic of several hundred cases in 1929-30 caused by infected Argentinian parrots, which was controlled by national embargoes on the importation of psittacines. The first human cases associated with birds of other species were reported in 1938 when a large outbreak occurred in the Faroe Islands which was caused by infected fulmars. Later human cases, in 1941, were associated with pigeons, and it is now accepted that most species of birds can excrete Chlamydia psittaci (Meyer 1965). An important development in the epidemiology ofhuman psittacosis was the recognition of outbreaks associated with commercially-reared poultry. In the 1950s, outbreaks in turkeyprocessing-plant workers in the USA were reported (Irons et al. 1955), and in Europe domestic ducks were implicated as a major source of infection (Strauss 1967). The European outbreaks occurred initially in Eastern countries, particularly Czechoslovakia, and it was not until 1975 that poultry-associated cases were recognized in Western Europe, in Denmark (Mordhorst 1978). In 1980 the first poultry-associated human cases in the UK were reported in workers in the duck industry (Andrews et al. 1981, Palmer et al. 1981).
Reduction in size of prolactin-secreting tumours in men treated with pergolide.
Authors: P Kendall-Taylor, K Hall, D G Johnston, R W Prescott
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The effect of pergolide mesylate was studied in two previously untreated men with large prolactinomas and exceptionally high prolactin concentrations. The study was designed to determine whether pergolide would be effective in alleviating symptoms, correcting hormonal abnormalities and shrinking the tumour. Starting with 50 micrograms daily the dose of pergolide was slowly increased over 10 weeks to 1 mg once daily, when repeat assessment was performed. Both patients reported complete relief of symptoms, with no side effects. Serum prolactin concentration was suppressed to normal in both subjects, and evidence to suggest tumour shrinkage was observed. Pergolide appears to be effective treatment for men with large prolactinomas.
Prolonged Anticoagulation in Rat Poisoning
Authors: Edward C. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1984)

RODENTICIDES often contain warfarin or warfarinlike compounds as their active ingredient. The anticoagulant effects of human rodenticide poisoning do not, however, necessarily mimic those of a simple warfarin effect. This article reviews a case of human rodenticide poisoning with a very prolonged anticoagulant effect. The rodenticide's active ingredient is brodifacoum (marketed as Ratak[unk] in Canada and Talon[unk] in the United States), a recently developed coumarin anticoagulant that is effective against warfarin-resistant rats.<sup>1</sup>This case shows that its anticoagulant effect in humans is similar to that seen in animal studies.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On Aug 10, 1983, a 17-year-old adolescent, weighing 65 kg, attempted suicide by ingesting approximately 7.5 mg (0.12 mg/ kg) of brodifacoum in a commercially available rodenticide. This was his first ingestion of a rodenticide and he denied taking any other toxic agents. Before this he had been in good physical health.
THE ESTROFA-MI REGISTRY: COMPARISON OF PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENT AND EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. RESULTS AT 2 YEARS FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Jose de la Torre Hernandez, Victoria Martin, Manuel Jimenez Navarrro, Bruno Garcia del Blanco, Felipe Hernandez, Angel Sanchez-Recalde, Neus Salvatella, Francisco Bosa, Jose Moreu, Tamara Garcia Camarero, Jose R. Rumoroso, Juan A. Bullones, Jesus Jimenez Mazuecos, Fernando Rivero, Jose A. Fernandez Diaz, Federico Gimeno, Ramon Calvino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Anatomic and Procedural Predictors of Paravalvular Aortic Regurgitation After Implantation of the Medtronic CoreValve Bioprosthesis
Authors: Mohammad A. Sherif, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Björn Stöcker, Volker Geist, Doreen Richardt, Ralph Tölg, Gert Richardt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
A METHOD OF CONTROLLING POLLEN REACTIONS
Authors: Raymond M. Rice
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Pollen reactions in the early days of pollen therapy were so frequent and so severe as actually to menace continuance of this method of therapy in the treatment of pollen hay fever and asthma. Many physicians discontinued pollen therapy on this account. The danger and frequency of reaction have been reduced in several ways, so that at the present time they rarely occur unless some gross error in technic is made. Cooke<sup>1</sup>suggested a most effective method of controlling reactions after they occur, through the use of a tourniquet applied above the site of injection of the extract. Duke<sup>2</sup>decided that a great many violent reactions after pollen injections, given with flawless technic, were due to extract getting into veins, capillaries, arterioles or lymph spaces, and he devised a method that seems practically perfect so far as danger to the patient or severe, sudden reaction is concerned. The
Identification of the involvement of LOXL4 in generation of keratocystic odontogenic tumors by RNA-Seq analysis
Authors: Wei-Peng Jiang, Zi-Han Sima, Hai-Cheng Wang, Jian-Yun Zhang, Li-Sha Sun, Feng Chen, Tie-Jun Li
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2013)

Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT) are benign, locally aggressive intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin. KCOT have a higher stromal microvessel density (MVD) than dentigerous cysts (DC) and normal oral mucosa. To identify genes in the stroma of KCOT involved in tumor development and progression, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed using samples from KCOT and primary stromal fibroblasts isolated from gingival tissues. Seven candidate genes that possess a function potentially related to KCOT progression were selected and their expression levels were confirmed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4), the only candidate gene that encodes a secreted protein, was enhanced at both the mRNA and protein levels in KCOT stromal tissues and primary KCOT stromal fibroblasts compared to control tissues and primary fibroblasts (P<0.05). In vitro, high expression of LOXL4 could enhance proliferation and migration of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). There was a significant, positive correlation between LOXL4 protein expression and MVD in stroma of KCOT and control tissues (r=0.882). These data suggest that abnormal expression of LOXL4 of KCOT may enhance angiogenesis in KCOT, which may help to promote the locally aggressive biological behavior of KCOT. Gene expression profiling reveals how surrounding tissues may the promote growth of a benign but aggressive class of oral tumor. The process by which keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT) develop is poorly understood, but evidence suggests that KCOT cells receive important cues from the stromal cells that surround the tumor. Researchers led by Tie-Jun Li and Feng Chen of China's Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology analyzed and compared the gene activity in KCOT stromal tissue with healthy samples. They identified a secreted protein, LOXL4, which is produced at considerably elevated levels in KCOT samples. Preliminary functional analysis suggests that LOXL4 can stimulate blood vessel growth, and may also promote proliferation and invasive growth in endothelial cells. These findings thus illustrate one possible mechanism by which cells in the tumor environment could stimulate KCOT formation and expansion.
CLASSIFICATION OF HUMAN TUMOURS BY HIGH-RESOLUTION MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: CarolynE. Mountford, GeorgeL. May, PhilipG. Williams, MartinH.N. Tattersall, Peter Russell, JohnK. Saunders, KerryT. Holmes, RichardM. Fox, J.Robin Barr, IanC.P. Smith
Journal: The Lancet (1986)
Antibody-mediated phosphatidylserine blockade significantly enhances the efficacy of downstream immune checkpoint inhibition in K1735 mouse melanoma
Authors: Xianming Huang, Jian Gong, Dan Ye, Van Nguyen, Shen Yin, Rich Archer, Chris Hughes, Rolf Brekken, Jeff Hutchins, Alan Schroit, Bruce Freimark
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an upstream immune checkpoint that drives global immunosuppression. Previous work has shown that PS targeting agents can override PS-driven immunosuppression and re-program the tumor microenvironment from immunosuppressive to immunosupportive, break