tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Hospital Risk-Standardized Mortality Rates Calculated by Using In-Hospital and 30-Day Models: An Observational Study With Implications for Hospital Profiling
Authors: Elizabeth E. Drye, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Yun Wang, Joseph S. Ross, Geoffrey C. Schreiner, Lein Han, Michael Rapp, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a supplement. Background: In-hospital mortality measures, which are widely used to assess hospital quality, are not based on a standardized follow-up period and may systematically favor hospitals with shorter lengths of stay (LOSs). Objective: To assess the agreement between performance measures of U.S. hospitals by using risk-standardized in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates. Design: Observational study. Setting: Nonfederal acute care hospitals in the United States with at least 30 admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), and pneumonia from 2004 to 2006. Patients: Medicare fee-for-service patients admitted for AMI, HF, or pneumonia from 2004 to 2006. Measurements: The primary outcomes were in-hospital and 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates (RSMRs). Results: Included patients comprised 718 508 admissions to 3135 hospitals for AMI, 1 315 845 admissions to 4209 hospitals for HF, and 1 415 237 admissions to 4498 hospitals for pneumonia. The hospital-level mean patient LOS varied across hospitals for each condition, ranging from 2.3 to 13.7 days for AMI, 3.5 to 11.9 days for HF, and 3.8 to 14.8 days for pneumonia. The mean RSMR differences (30-day RSMR minus in-hospital RSMR) were 5.3% (SD, 1.3) for AMI, 6.0% (SD, 1.3) for HF, and 5.7% (SD, 1.4) for pneumonia; distributions varied widely across hospitals. Performance classifications differed between the in-hospital and 30-day models for 257 hospitals (8.2%) for AMI, 456 (10.8%) for HF, and 662 (14.7%) for pneumonia. Hospital mean LOS was positively correlated with in-hospital RSMRs for all 3 conditions. Limitation: Medicare claims data were used for risk adjustment. Conclusion: In-hospital mortality measures provide a different assessment of hospital performance than 30-day mortality and are biased in favor of hospitals with shorter LOSs. Primary Funding Source: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Authors: MELVIN C. GLUCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

The course of membranous glomerulonephritis has been studied in 38 patients. The nephrotic syndrome was the presenting feature in 35 patients and developed later in 2. Six progressed to terminal renal failure in 3 to 11 years. Of the 32 others, 18 developed renal insufficiency. The nephrotic syndrome persisted in 20 of these 32 patients; remissions occurred in 11, 9 spontaneously and 2 with corticoid therapy. Remissions were sustained up to 9 years in 8 patients. Persistence of the nephrotic syndrome beyond 3 years was associated with progression of the capillary wall lesion to stages III or IV or the development of advanced renal failure. Remissions of the nephrotic syndrome occurred only in stages I or II and were occasionally associated with regression of the basement membrane lesion. In no instance did a patient in remission have progression of the glomerular lesion.
Edith Potter, MD, PhD: pioneering infant pathology
Authors: Nancy Yanes Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Finding Edith Potter, MD, PhD, the "mother of perinatal pathology," is not easy. You board a tenpassenger propeller-driven plane at the Tampa—St Petersburg airport, fly to Fort Myers, then drive past motels, fast-food chains, factory outlets, and supermarkets. Finally, a sharp left and a quick right, and "Palm Pointe Gardens" reads a bronze plaque on two stone posts guarding a hidden road. Suddenly you're in a tropical paradise. Bronze and terra-cotta figures, Narcissus-like, watch their reflections in a freshwater spring, or gaze out at a meandering estuary of the Gulf of Mexico. Following the narrow dirt road, heavy with vegetation, you park by a glass-roofed orchid house. Can this unlikely place be Potter's abode? Yes, there she is, waving from the steps of her stucco house built for "retirement" in 1967. Wearing a blue denim sundress almost the color of her slate-blue eyes (analytic behind blue-rimmed glasses), she shows you
pH dependency of potassium efflux from sickled red cells
Authors: Eugene F. Roth, Ronald L. Nagel, Robert M. Bookchin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract Potassium efflux from deoxygenated, hemoglobin S‐containing red cells is often used as an “objective” in vitro measure of red cell sickling, particularly during tests with antisickling agents. Since varying pH is known to affect both the extent of sickling and passive K + ‐flux across the red cell membrane, in opposite directions, we measured the sickling‐related K + ‐efflux in sickle cell anemia (SS) and sickle cell trait (AS) red cells as a function of extracellular and intracellular pH. The sickling‐related K + ‐efflux was found to show the same direction of pH dependence as normal red cells, so that as the extracellular pH was reduced below 7.6, sickling and K + ‐efflux were increasingly dissociated. A similar dissociation was observed between sickling and K + ‐efflux when the intracellular pH was lowered by increasing red cell organic phosphate levels. The sickling‐related K + ‐efflux from osmotically shrunken AS cells (whose sickling tendency resembles that of SS cells) was similar in magnitude and pH dependency to that of the SS cells. The findings suggest that measurement of K + ‐efflux may be an accurate estimate of the extent of intracellular polymerization in sickled red cells, provided that both the intracellular and extracellular pH levels are carefully controlled, and the experimental conditions produce no independent effects on K + permeability.
It's Only 50 Cents
Authors: Daniel C.R. Chen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

On Being a Doctor18 December 2001It's Only 50 CentsDaniel C.R. ChenDaniel C.R. ChenNew York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-12-200112180-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail If you want to read up on news from around the country and from around the world, read The New York Times. It has a better news section and costs the same.If you want to read the latest on the stock market or follow your stock portfolio, double your investment by depositing a dollar and buy the Journal.If you want to read how Bush is spreading his compassionate conservative message to the rest of the nation or how Gore is trying to improve his image by not being Gore, go find The Washington Post. It may cost you ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Daniel C.R. ChenAffiliations: New York University School of Medicine; New York, NY 10016Corresponding Author: Daniel C.R. Chen, 435 East 30th Street, Room 221, New York, NY 10016; e-mail, [email protected]nyu.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoIt's Only 50 Cents Nancy R. Angoff Metrics Cited byMedical Humanities at New York University School of Medicine: An Array of Rich Programs in Diverse SettingsIt's Only 50 CentsNancy R. Angoff, MD 18 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 12Page: 1087-1088KeywordsCancer chemotherapyChemotherapyGamesHeartHereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancerLungsPneumoniaRadiation therapyScarsSquamous cell carcinoma ePublished: 18 December 2001 Issue Published: 18 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Recurrence of breast cancer. Obesity, tumor size, and axillary lymph node metastases
Authors: A. Sohrabi
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Substantially different conclusions have been reached by several studies about relationships between mammary cancer and obesity. We studied retrospectively 106 consecutive patients who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer. We found no association between obesity per se and the frequency or time of recurrence. Our sample did reaffirm that recurrence of breast cancer is related to tumor size and nodal status. Obesity was similarly related to tumor size and nodal status. However, we could not confirm prior findings that obese patients with pathologically similar breast tumors had a poor prognosis. (<i>JAMA</i>244:264-265, 1980)
Irregularities of the Teeth and Their Treatment.
Authors: Eugene Solomon Talbot
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tumor-Simulating Deformities After Subtotal Gastrectomy
Authors: Leon Sasson
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The differential diagnosis between a new or recurrent gastric neoplasm and an operatively produced deformity in a stomach after subtotal gastrectomy is often difficult. In three of the four cases presented, gastroscopy visualized the areas of distortion and showed that they were due to plication deformities. The latter caused heavy ridges or bulging folds which simulated tumor growths. In the fourth case the differential diagnosis could not be made, and laparotomy had to be resorted to for diagnosis. These difficulties could be avoided if, after subtotal gastrectomy, serial gastrointestinal roentgenograms were made routinely before the patient is discharged from the hospital or shortly there-after, for this would make x-ray records of surgically created distortions available for future comparison in each case.
Haptoglobin-Related Protein (Hpr) Epitopes in Breast Cancer as a Predictor of Recurrence of the Disease
Authors: Francis P. Kuhajda, Steven Piantadosi, Gary R. Pasternack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The early discrimination of clinically aggressive breast cancer from indolent disease would be clinically useful. Some human breast cancers express haptoglobin-related protein (Hpr), the HPR gene product, or a substance that shares epitopes with it. We retrospectively examined the association between the expression of Hpr and the recurrence of cancer in 70 patients with early breast cancer (Stage I or II) treated by mastectomy from 1977 through 1985, using immunohistochemical analysis of routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue and evaluating it without knowledge of the patients' status. The expression of Hpr epitopes was associated with earlier recurrence according to life-table analysis (P<0.0002). Progesterone-receptor status (determined in 64 patients), tumor size, clinical stage, axillary-lymph-node status, mitotic index, and tumor necrosis also predicted recurrence, but multivariate analysis showed that Hpr-epitope expression was an independent prognostic factor. Since both Hpr status and progesterone-receptor status were independent predictors of recurrence, they could be combined to stratify the cases further: breast cancer was found to have recurred in 11 of 12 patients (92 percent) who were positive for Hpr and negative for progesterone receptors, in 5 of 11 (45 percent) who were positive for Hpr and positive for progesterone receptors, and in 9 of 41 (22 percent) who were negative for Hpr, in whom progesterone-receptor status had little effect. We conclude that Hpr-epitope expression is a clinically important predictor of the recurrence of cancer in patients with early breast cancer, especially in combination with progesterone-receptor status. (N Engl J Med 1989;321:636–41.)
THE PULSE AFTER A MARATHON RACE
Authors: PAUL D. WHITE
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The question of the possibility of producing alternation of the pulse by very vigorous and prolonged exertion was the incentive to a study of the pulse of twenty men who ran the annual Boston Marathon of 25 miles from Ashland to Boston, April 19, 1916. Myocardial exhaustion resulting from damage such as that produced by arteriosclerosis or syphilis has been shown to be an important cause of alternation of the pulse. The greater the strain on such a heart, the more marked is likely to be the alternation. The strain necessary to sustain a high blood pressure is especially likely to bring out alternation. Extreme and prolonged tachycardia, as in auricular flutter or paroxysmal tachycardia, may result in pulsus alternans. But it has never been shown, so far as I am aware, that alternation has been found in the pulse of a normal individual after severe exertion. Von Tabora<sup>1</sup>
Elective Single-Embryo Transfer — Has Its Time Arrived?
Authors: Owen K. Davis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Since its introduction in 1978,1 human in vitro fertilization has rapidly become one of the most successful and widely used techniques in the treatment of infertility. Worldwide, an estimated 1.2 million children have been born as a result of in vitro fertilization, and approximately 1 percent of newborns in the United States are now conceived through the use of assisted reproductive technology.2 The ubiquitous practice of transferring multiple embryos in a single cycle resulted from historically poor pregnancy rates after the transfer of single embryos. As clinical and scientific advances, including refinements in ovarian-stimulation protocols and in culture techniques, have . . .
PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS OF THE GENUS LISTERELLA
Authors: C. V. Seastone
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

From meningitis in man, encephalitis in cattle and sheep, a myocardial infection in fowl, and a generalized infection in rabbits, different observers have isolated Gram-positive organisms which are closely related. Their cultural and serological properties are described. When injected intravenously into chickens, rabbits, or guinea pigs there is an unusual blood response, the monocytes being markedly increased. The organisms tend to localize in the myocardium with resulting necrosis.
Hyperextension injuries to the cervical cord in the elderly.
Authors: P. M. Crawford, D. I. Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1989)

for other aspects of the practitioner's function not directly connected with mental illness.The family doctor's role in the treatment of psychiatric disorders can be defined clearly only in the perspective of his larger relationship to the medical services and society."It follows that if the term community psychiatry is to have any meaning it must be viewed in the light of the role and function of the primary care provider in the broader framework of the structure and value system of each society.Such an issue entails many contingent factors, such as political objectives, staffing, money, professional status, and public expectations.Each system of medical care introduces variations on this basic theme, and a recently published WHO report suggests that the movement in this direction is underway on a wide front.23 Experiment, evaluation, and comparison are needed if we are to turn Titmuss's fictions of yesterday into the facts of tomorrow.*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... ........... 9,R w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Abrasion on forehead and periorbital bruising after a fall in woman with previously undetected cervical spondylosis improved substantially, but the function of her hands and arms improved only modestly.She was discharged 14 weeks after admission, ambulant with a walking frame but with her hands still weak and clumsy.
The Great American Game
Authors: John B. Simpson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —I thoroughly enjoyed your description of World Series by Arnold Friedman 1 on the cover of JAMA . I also wish to make you aware of a compositional error in the piece. All professional baseball parks should have home plate in the southwest corner of the playing field (this is the reason left-handed pitchers are called southpaws since their throwing arm is always on the south side of the mound), according to the official baseball rulebook (oral communication, Bill Valentine, General Manager, Arkansas Travellers, March 13, 1996). The error is in the direction of the shadows, which would indicate a sun position low in the southeast—as it would be at 7 or 8 o'clock in the morning.  This lighting discrepancy does nothing to detract from the atmosphere the piece creates or the enjoyable (and not overblown) critique. I suspect other baseball fans will have notified you of the
Pros and cons for C4d as a biomarker
Authors: Danielle Cohen, Robert B. Colvin, Mohamed R. Daha, Cinthia B. Drachenberg, Mark Haas, Volker Nickeleit, Jane E. Salmon, Banu Sis, Ming-Hui Zhao, Jan A. Bruijn, Ingeborg M. Bajema
Journal: Kidney International (2012)
β-Arrestin-2 regulates the development of allergic asthma
Authors: Julia K.L. Walker, Alan M. Fong, Barbara L. Lawson, Jordan D. Savov, Dhavalkumar D. Patel, David A. Schwartz, Robert J. Lefkowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is coordinated by Th2 cells in both human asthmatics and animal models of allergic asthma. Migration of Th2 cells to the lung is key to their inflammatory function and is regulated in large part by chemokine receptors, members of the seven-membrane-spanning receptor family. It has been reported recently that T cells lacking beta-arrestin-2, a G protein-coupled receptor regulatory protein, demonstrate impaired migration in vitro. Here we show that allergen-sensitized mice having a targeted deletion of the beta-arrestin-2 gene do not accumulate T lymphocytes in their airways, nor do they demonstrate other physiological and inflammatory features characteristic of asthma. In contrast, the airway inflammatory response to LPS, an event not coordinated by Th2 cells, is fully functional in mice lacking beta-arrestin-2. beta-arrestin-2-deficient mice demonstrate OVA-specific IgE responses, but have defective macrophage-derived chemokine-mediated CD4+ T cell migration to the lung. This report provides the first evidence that beta-arrestin-2 is required for the manifestation of allergic asthma. Because beta-arrestin-2 regulates the development of allergic inflammation at a proximal step in the inflammatory cascade, novel therapies focused on this protein may prove useful in the treatment of asthma.
Abstract LB-97: Optimizing SELEX with high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Brian S. White, Abdullah Ozer, John T. Lis, David Shalloway
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) identifies oligonucleotide “aptamers” that bind their protein targets with high affinity and specificity. Beyond inhibiting all protein function, aptamers can target specific functional regions (e.g., phosphorylation sites and catalytic domains) leaving other function intact. This selective inhibition is a valuable tool for dissection of signal transduction pathways, such as the growing list implicated in cancer by sequencing efforts interrogating tumor genomes. New technological innovations in aptamer discovery aim to keep pace with this need by improving the efficiency of the traditional SELEX enrichment process wherein oligonucleotides are iteratively bound to target, eluted, and amplified to purify an initial random library to a few high-affinity aptamers. Principal among these advances is the adoption of high-throughput sequencing (HTS-SELEX) to detect enrichment of candidate aptamers within the evolving pool. The improved sensitivity of high-throughput sequencing over the traditional use of cloning and sequencing reduces the number of rounds required to reach detectable enrichment. As with traditional SELEX, enrichment and hence number of rounds and overall efficiency are dependent on the free target and oligonucleotide pool concentrations. Though early theoretical approaches have addressed these issues for traditional SELEX, realizing the potential efficiency gains of the new HTS-SELEX approach requires an analysis and resulting protocol tailored to it specifically. Here we provide such an analysis and also re-examine earlier theoretical approaches to traditional SELEX. We show that HTS-SELEX motivates an optimization condition different from that of traditional SELEX and consider the role of stochastic fluctuations in the relatively low multiplicities of the enriched species resulting from the earlier enrichment detection of HTS-SELEX. Unlike previous approaches seeking to maximize some measure of per-round enrichment, this analysis is a global optimization of the entire SELEX process. It results in a specific recommendation for free target concentration, constant across rounds and simply related to the desired affinity, and for corresponding total ligand concentration. Applying the global analysis to an optimization condition appropriate for traditional SELEX again yields recommendations that are provably optimal and that differ from those previously published. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-97. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-97
Improvement in Hypertension Detection and Control From 1973-1974 to 1980-1981
Authors: Aaron R. Folsom, Russell V. Luepker, Richard F. Gillum, David R. Jacobs, Ronald J. Prineas, Henry L. Taylor, Henry Blackburn
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Blood pressures from a 1980-1981 survey of 1,656 adults in Minneapolis-St Paul were compared with BPs from a similar community survey of 3,475 adults conducted in 1973-1974. Mean age-adjusted BPs in 1980-1981 were 3 mm Hg lower for men and 2 mm Hg lower for women than in 1973-1974. Hypertension prevalence, defined as diastolic BP of 95 mm Hg or greater<i>and/or</i>use of antihypertensive medication, was essentially unchanged. In 1973-1974, however, only 40.4% of hypertensive persons had adequately controlled BPs, 13.7% were treated but had conditions that were uncontrolled, 20.4% had known hypertension but were untreated, and 25.5% had previously undetected hypertension. In 1980-1981, the respective percentages were 76.1%, 8.5%, 8.8% and 6.6%. These impressive changes in hypertension detection and control may have contributed to the recent decline in cardiovascular disease mortality in this community. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:916-921)