tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hereditary (primary) haemochromatosis.
Authors: N D Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

results of several generations of high tax, high welfare policies may be seen in Scandinavia, where disparities in both wealth and health are much less sharp than in Britain and the United States.What it comes down to, in the end, is that the poor are likely to remain unhealthy so long as they remain poor; conversely, the way to improve their health is to improve their economic state.Politicians who claim to care about the disparities in health in our society are being disingenuous if they deny the association with poverty.Eliminate poverty and health improves; everyone acknowledges that as a truth for the inhabitants of Third World shanty towns.What recent research in social medicine has now shown is that health continues to improve progressively as people get wealthier.If we care about the health of the poor we need to abolish their poverty.
GASTRIC LESIONS, INCLUDING EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY
Authors: W. Tom Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1960)

All clinical and laboratory means available were used to study 300 consecutive patients with suspected gastric malignancy. The cases were evaluated by means of gastric analysis (found to be 63% accurate), roentgenography (92.7% accurate), gastroscopy (95.3% accurate) and gastric cytology (97.7% accurate). The accuracy of cytological studies giving negative results was 99.3%, and that of studies giving positive results was 72.2% (of cancer patients). Exfoliative cytological study proved to be the most accurate individual test used and ranks second only to direct biopsy. However, collective evaluation of all methods of study produced a greater accuracy than did any one test. No method of treatment can, at the present time, offer much to patients who have far-advanced cancer. The over-all diagnostic approach with use of collective evaluation will result in the detection of earlier lesions for surgery and allow earlier institution of medical management for benign lesions.
Nutritional Problems in a Changing World
Authors: Wayne Callaway
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The first Research Conference of the British Nutrition Foundation was held in the Spring of 1973. No doubt, it was a meeting worth attending. The speakers included Drs. J. A. Campbell, Exton-Smith, Darby, Hegsted, Nordin, Burkitt, Southgate, Truswell, et al. Their subjects ranged from public health, nutrition surveillance, and nutrition research, to infant feeding, geriatric nutrition, obesity, and fiber. There was even a brief report on newly (at that time) synthesized α1-hydroxycholecalciferol. But, why bother to publish the proceedings from such a gathering—particularly, at a price of more than 10¢ per page? Much of what was presented summarized material that the speakers had published previously elsewhere. That which was new, is new no longer. The subjects themselves span such a wide range that to compress them between the covers of a single volume ensures that no one will read the entire work (except, perhaps, the editors and an occasional reviewer).
Reversal of Myelofibrosis in Hodgkin Disease
Authors: Michael V. Viola
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A 31-year-old woman had Hodgkin disease associated with extensive myelofibrosis. Peripheral-blood examination revealed pancytopenia with circulating, immature white blood cells and abnormal red blood cell forms. Following four courses of quadruple chemotherapy the patient had a normal peripheral-blood picture, and a single bone marrow needle biopsy specimen was normal.
RAF Inhibitors Activate the MAPK Pathway by Relieving Inhibitory Autophosphorylation
Authors: Matthew Holderfield, Hanne Merritt, John Chan, Marco Wallroth, Laura Tandeske, Huili Zhai, John Tellew, Stephen Hardy, Mohammad Hekmat-Nejad, Darrin D. Stuart, Frank McCormick, Tobi E. Nagel
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)

ATP competitive inhibitors of the BRAFV600E oncogene paradoxically activate downstream signaling in cells bearing wild-type BRAF (BRAFWT). In this study, we investigate the biochemical mechanism of wild-type RAF (RAFWT) activation by multiple catalytic inhibitors using kinetic analysis of purified BRAFV600E and RAFWT enzymes. We show that activation of RAFWT is ATP dependent and directly linked to RAF kinase activity. These data support a mechanism involving inhibitory autophosphorylation of RAF's phosphate-binding loop that, when disrupted either through pharmacologic or genetic alterations, results in activation of RAF and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. This mechanism accounts not only for compound-mediated activation of the MAPK pathway in BRAFWT cells but also offers a biochemical mechanism for BRAF oncogenesis.
HYPNOTICS—THEIR USE AND ABUSE.
Authors: ARTHUR W. ROGERS
Journal: JAMA (1902)

cases; but now after six months-the latest date from which we could secure information-not a single case of either inguinal or femoral hernia operated on is known to have recurred.Ventral hernia, however, is by no means so amenable to treatment.Of the 6 such cases operated on, 4 were in the scar of old appendix operations, and 2 occurred just above the umbilicus in the median line.Within two months after operation recurrence had occurred in 2 cases ; the ultimate results in the others are not known.From the standpoint of efficiency to the service it is extremely doubtful whether operation on these cases is justifiable.Surely a man with any tendency to weak- ness of the abdomen should not be enlisted.Even a solid "appendix scar" should bar him.In general in- deed, it may safely be said that discharge is preferable to operation in cases of ventral hernia.From our own experience and that of other military surgeons we are led to conclude that early radical operation should be performed in every case of inguinal or femoral hernia, and we firmly believe that thus many additional years of trained service will revert to the improvement and efficiency of our standing army.CONCLUSIONS.
The Care of Persons with Recent Sexual Exposure to HIV
Authors: Mitchell H. Katz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Until recently, patients had little motivation to seek medical care soon after sexual exposure to HIV.However, evidence that antiretroviral treatment prevents HIV infection after occupational exposure has led to the recommendation that prophylaxis be considered after sexual exposure. This recommendation will result in an increased number of recently exposed patients presenting for care. Clinicians should seize this opportunity to reach persons who are at high risk for HIV seroconversion and provide them with evaluation, treatment, and counseling. A comprehensive approach to the care of persons recently exposed to HIV is proposed. Candidates for postexposure prophylaxis should be identified and given appropriate antiretroviral treatment. Physicians must perform HIV antibody testing to determine which persons are already infected with HIV and must do baseline laboratory studies. Follow-up care includes assessment of side effects from postexposure treatment and surveillance for development of primary HIV infection. Most important, clinicians must provide risk-reduction counseling to decrease the chance of future exposures. Public health messages must emphasize that postexposure treatment should be used only as a backup for failure of primary prevention methods, such as avoidance of high-risk sexual exposures or use of condoms.
SCID patients with ARTEMIS vs RAG deficiencies following HCT: increased risk of late toxicity in ARTEMIS-deficient SCID
Authors: Catharina Schuetz, Benedicte Neven, Christopher C. Dvorak, Sandrine Leroy, Markus J. Ege, Ulrich Pannicke, Klaus Schwarz, Ansgar S. Schulz, Manfred Hoenig, Monika Sparber-Sauer, Susanne A. Gatz, Christian Denzer, Stephane Blanche, Despina Moshous, Capucine Picard, Biljana N. Horn, Jean-Pierre de Villartay, Marina Cavazzana, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Wilhelm Friedrich, Alain Fischer, Morton J. Cowan
Journal: Blood (2013)
Terminal complement component deficiencies and rheumatic disease: development of a rheumatic syndrome and anticomplementary activity in a patient with complete C6 deficiency.
Authors: J J Wisnieski, G B Naff, J Pensky, S B Sorin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Hereditary deficiencies of early complement components have usually been associated with the development of rheumatic diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), while terminal component deficiency is well known to predispose to recurrent neisserial infection. In contrast, only recently have patients been reported with rheumatic disease and hereditary deficiency of a terminal component. The clinical syndrome in these patients has been characterised as 9SLE-like9. We describe here a third patient with complete C6 deficiency and a systemic rheumatic illness characterised by fever, anaemia, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, episcleritis, and asymmetric arthritis. After blood transfusion her serum became anticomplementary; IgG antibody to human C6 was found to be the cause of anticomplement activity. Persistent absence of C6 in this patient and production of anti-C6 antibody after antigenic challenge indicate hereditary C6 deficiency. This case supports an association between hereditary deficiency of a terminal complement protein and the development of systemic rheumatic disease.
Reducing road traffic
Authors: I. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1998)

audit of the rate of testing and to allow public health doctors to exert leverage by setting expected testing rates as part of the commissioning process.An intercollegiate working party on antenatal HIV testing, including representatives of the royal colleges of midwives, obstetricians and gynaecologists, physicians, and general practitioners, among others, has prepared recommendations to reduce vertical transmission of HIV in the United Kingdom by increasing voluntary confidential HIV testing.It is addressing the issues considered above, but to be more effective than the current Department of Health guidelines it will need to be followed by a detailed implementation plan.The indifference of some obstetricians and an unwillingness by many midwives to broach the issue of testing has meant that Britain has fallen behind other countries in providing pregnant women with access to HIV testing.It is shameful and negligent that we have counted the number of babies at risk of infection since 1990 without acting to reduce their risk.
Thoughts on the Clinton Health Plan
Authors: Peter Glusker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 April 1994Thoughts on the Clinton Health PlanPeter Glusker, MD, PhDPeter Glusker, MD, PhDFort Bragg, CA 95437Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The attempts by the American College of Physicians and President Clinton to revise the system of medical care delivery are well intentioned. However, except for a recent special article by Fries and colleagues [1], the importance of patient education has largely been ignored.I favor curricula for all levels of schooling, starting with kindergarten through to adult education and television programming. These curricula could be modeled on the first 2 years of medical school, beginning with simplified normal anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry through pathologic disturbances. Clinical information would build on this to teach people how to take ...References1. Fries, JF, Koop CE, Beadle CE, Cooper PP, England MJ, Greaves RF, et al. Reducing health care cost by reducing the need and demand for medical services. The Health Care Project Commission. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329:321-5. Google Scholar2. Lerner M. The politics of meaning. Washington Post Weekly. 21 June 1993. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Fort Bragg, CA 95437 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7Page: 622KeywordsExerciseHealth insuranceHygieneInsuranceMotivationNutritionObstetrics and gynecologyPreventive medicineSleepSmoking cessation Issue Published: 1 April 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation for the Prevention of Chronic Lung Disease of Prematurity
Authors: Alice H. Johnson, Janet L. Peacock, Anne Greenough, Neil Marlow, Elizabeth S. Limb, Louise Marston, Sandra A. Calvert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

There remains uncertainty concerning the safety and efficacy of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation as compared with those of conventional ventilation for the respiratory support of very preterm infants. We conducted a multicenter trial to determine whether early intervention with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation reduced mortality and the incidence of chronic lung disease among newborns with a gestational age of 28 weeks or less.We randomly assigned preterm infants with a gestational age of 23 to 28 weeks to either conventional ventilation or high-frequency oscillatory ventilation within one hour after birth. Randomization was stratified according to center and gestational age (23 to 25 weeks or 26 to 28 weeks).A total of 400 infants were assigned to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, and 397 were assigned to conventional ventilation. The composite primary outcome (death or chronic lung disease, diagnosed at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age) occurred in 66 percent of the infants assigned to receive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and 68 percent of those in the conventional-ventilation group (relative risk in the group assigned to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, 0.98; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.08). Similar proportions of infants died or had chronic lung disease in each gestational-age group. In both treatment groups treatment failure occurred in 10 percent of infants (relative risk in the group assigned to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, 0.99; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.66 to 1.50). There were no significant differences between the groups in a range of other secondary outcome measures, including serious brain injury and air leak.The results obtained with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and conventional ventilation do not differ significantly in the early treatment of respiratory disease in very preterm infants. Assessment of long-term effects will require additional follow-up.
IV. The Costs and Returns to the Patient of the House Officer Training Program
Authors: Norman B. Roberg
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THERE has been criticism of the quality of care received by patients under the house officer training program. The principal complaint is that some house officers are inconsiderate of their patients' psychological and emotional needs. A second complaint, mostly from physicians, is that patients suffer because the house officers do not possess adequate technical skills and are schooled only in the scientific and theoretical aspects of disease. I am sensitive to these criticisms, especially that of personal inconsideration of the patient, because I spent 15 years as a family doctor, practicing with my father, who was a general practitioner, and made some 8,000 visits to patients in their homes, before joining a faculty of medicine. It is unfair to contrast extremes, but I am certain that sympathetic understanding, combined with medical ignorance, has caused more deaths and unhappiness than has expert scientific knowledge of disease, accompanied by neglect of the
Tampons in Menstrual Hygiene
Authors: Robert E. Wheatley
Journal: JAMA (1965)

So far as can be learned from written history, the hygienic aspects of menstruation had been virtually ignored by everyone, physicians included, until the last several decades. Yet, from the dawn of civilization, man's progress has been characterized by changes and developments intended to produce greater individual and social comfort and convenience. It is therefore strange that esthetically acceptable products for absorption of the menstrual flow were so late in appearing. The primitive method of menstrual hygiene, ie, a diaper-like pad, rag, or towel worn over the perineum, was improved when, near the end of World War I, perineal (so-called sanitary) napkins intended for one-time use became commercially available. The insertion of cottonlike material in the vagina is not an innovation. Fifteen centuries before Christ there was reference to the use of medicated lint tampons in the vagina for contraception. Intravaginal forms of menstrual hygiene have been used by ancient
Delirium in the Pediatric Patient
Authors: Jan N. M. Schieveld, Nathalie J. J. F. Janssen
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Rhinovirus 16 (RV16) Induces Airway Hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and Differential Mediator Release in Human lung slices ex vivo
Authors: C.J. Koziol-White, P.R. Cooper, W. Lee, J.E. Gern, A. Haczku, R.A. Panettieri
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Occurrence and Risk Factors for Reintervention After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Joseph F. Sabik, Eugene H. Blackstone, A. Marc Gillinov, Nicholas G. Smedira, Bruce W. Lytle
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Reintervention after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is common. We sought to determine its occurrence and identify patient characteristics and operative techniques that influence the need or bias for reintervention. Methods and Results— From 1971 to 1998, 48 758 patients underwent primary isolated CABG, and 1000 patients per year were actively followed-up every 5 years (n =26 927). A multivariable time-related analysis was performed to model freedom from first coronary reintervention (either reoperation or percutaneous coronary intervention) and identify patient and operative characteristics associated with first reintervention. A total of 3997 patients underwent coronary reintervention, percutaneous in 1638 and reoperation in 2359. Freedom from reintervention was 99%, 96%, 88%, 73%, 60%, and 46% at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 years, respectively. Risk of reintervention (hazard function) demonstrated a short, rapidly declining early phase followed by a longer, slow-rising late phase. Patient variables increasing the likelihood of coronary reintervention included younger age ( P &lt;0.0001), higher triglycerides ( P= 0.002), lower high-density lipoprotein ( P= 0.006), diabetes mellitus ( P &lt;0.0001), and more extensive coronary artery disease ( P= 0.0005). Increasing extent of arterial grafting performed at primary operation decreased the likelihood of coronary reintervention ( P &lt;0.0001). Conclusions— Reintervention after primary CABG is common. Risk factors for arteriosclerosis and type of bypass conduit influence the need or bias for repeat coronary therapy. Aggressive post-CABG risk factor reduction and extensive arterial grafting at primary operation should decrease coronary reinterventions.
Abstract 9638: Left Atrial Volume Provides Independent and Incremental Prognostic Information in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ankur Gulati, Nizar Ismail, Tevfik Ismail, Aamir Ali, Emmanouil Liodakis, Kishen Morarji, Kaushik Guha, Arun J Baksi, Kaushiga Krishnathasan, Michael Roughton, Tapesh Pakrashi, Francisco Alpendurada, Andrew Jabbour, Dudley J Pennell, Sanjay K Prasad
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Echo data have shown that left atrial (LA) diameter and area predict adverse outcome in heart failure (HF) cohorts of mixed etiology. Since LA dilatation is asymmetric, LA volume (LAV) is a better measure of LA size. CMR allows more accurate measurement of LAV due to its superior spatial resolution and endocardial border definition. We hypothesized that CMR assessment of LAV provides independent and incremental prognostic information in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods: Consecutive patients with DCM referred for CMR between 2000-08 were prospectively enrolled. Patients with IHD, primary valvar disease and infiltrative CM were excluded. LAV was measured at LV end-systole by a single blinded specialist using the biplane area-length method and indexed to body surface area (LAVi). The primary endpoint was cardiovascular (CV) death or cardiac transplantation (CTx). The secondary endpoint was a composite of HF death, HF hospitalization or CTx. Results: In total 483 patients (327 male, mean age 51 yrs, mean LVEF 37%) were followed up for a median duration of 64 months. There were 75 deaths (60 CV deaths) and 9 patients underwent CTx. ROC analysis identified that the optimal LAVi cut-off value for predicting the primary endpoint was 77 ml/m 2 . Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with a LAVi&gt;77 ml/m 2 had a significantly higher rate of CV death or CTx (p&lt;0.001, Fig.1). After stepwise Cox regression multivariate analysis, LAVi remained a significant independent predictor of CV death or CTx (HR per 10 ml/m 2 , 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.19; p=0.003) and the secondary HF composite (HR per 10 ml/m 2 , 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.18; p=0.001), alongside conventional prognosticators such as LVEF and NYHA class. Conclusions: LAV has independent and incremental prognostic value for the prediction of transplant-free CV survival and HF outcomes in DCM. Assessment of LAV improves risk stratification in DCM and should be incorporated into routine CMR examination.
Platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall at flow conditions typical of stenotic vessel is inhibited by LJ-CP3. (antiplatelet glycoprotein GPIIB/IIIA monoclonal antibody)
Authors: Lina Badimon, Riitta Lassila, Juan J. Badimon, Zaverio Ruggeri, James Chesebro, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
US cardiologist offered money and guns to kill rival doctor, prosecutors allege
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A Long Island cardiologist offered oxycodone and blank prescription pads alongside guns and cash as payment for the killing of a rival cardiologist, prosecutors have alleged. Anthony Moschetto, 54, is also charged with paying for the arson of his rival’s office and may yet face additional weapons charges.

“Dr Anthony Moschetto is a hidden monster living in the North Shore area who has no respect for law and life,” said Nassau County’s acting police commissioner, Thomas Krumpter. “He had enough weapons to provide a small army means to wreak harm.”

The Drug Enforcement Agency said that Moschetto first came to the notice of its undercover agents who were buying black market oxycodone in an effort to trace its source. An oxycodone dealer they were targeting …