tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Novel Protein Suppressed in Lung Cancer Down-Regulated in Lung Cancer Tissues Retards Cell Proliferation and Inhibits the Oncokinase Aurora-A
Authors: Chang-Tze Ricky Yu, Jiun-Yi Hsia, Yun-Chih Hseih, Li-Jen Su, Tien-Chiang Lee, Chia-Feng Ku, Ke-Shin Chen, Jou-May Maureen Chen, Tong-You Wade Wei, Yuan-Chii Gladys Lee, Chi-Ying F. Huang, Yu-Chung Wu, Chiou-Ying Yang, Shih-Lan Hsu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Jumbled Genomes: Missing Apicomplexan Synteny
Authors: J. D. DeBarry, J. C. Kissinger
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2011)

Whole-genome comparisons provide insight into genome evolution by informing on gene repertoires, gene gains/losses, and genome organization. Most of our knowledge about eukaryotic genome evolution is derived from studies of multicellular model organisms. The eukaryotic phylum Apicomplexa contains obligate intracellular protist parasites responsible for a wide range of human and veterinary diseases (e.g., malaria, toxoplasmosis, and theileriosis). We have developed an in silico protein-encoding gene based pipeline to investigate synteny across 12 apicomplexan species from six genera. Genome rearrangement between lineages is extensive. Syntenic regions (conserved gene content and order) are rare between lineages and appear to be totally absent across the phylum, with no group of three genes found on the same chromosome and in the same order within 25 kb up- and downstream of any orthologous genes. Conserved synteny between major lineages is limited to small regions in Plasmodium and Theileria/Babesia species, and within these conserved regions, there are a number of proteins putatively targeted to organelles. The observed overall lack of synteny is surprising considering the divergence times and the apparent absence of transposable elements (TEs) within any of the species examined. TEs are ubiquitous in all other groups of eukaryotes studied to date and have been shown to be involved in genomic rearrangements. It appears that there are different criteria governing genome evolution within the Apicomplexa relative to other well-studied unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.
β2-Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism and Obesity in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jonathan H. van Tilburg, Cisca Wijmenga, Timon W. van Haeften
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We recently reported that our group ( n = 502) of type 2 diabetic subjects did not reveal statistically significant differences in BMI with respect to the three groups of carriers of β2-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms (1). Meirhaghe et al. (1) report that in men not participating in physical activity, Gln27Gln carriers had a higher BMI than the Glu27 (combined heterozygous and homozygous) carriers (27.2 ± 0.4 vs. 25.2 ± 0.3 kg/m2), while no effect on BMI was found …
MODIFIED DUKE SCORE BY CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IS ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL CHOLESTEROL MORE THAN CORONARY CALCIUM SCORE ALONE
Authors: Ainhoa Torrens, Naeema Ginwala, Iosif Kelesidis, Valentin Fuster, Erling Falk, Pieter Muntendam, Henrik Sillessen, Lawrence Boxt, Mario Garcia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Preventing Emergency Malpractice
Authors: Eugene V. Boisaubin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The modern American emergency center has unfortunately become a veritable mine field of potentially litigious encounters. Clinical problems range from the trivial to the catastrophic, chaos is common, and the patient and physician are, at best, strangers eternal. <i>Preventing Emergency Malpractice</i>is a commendable attempt to help the practicing physician in emergency care negotiate the pitfalls of both trauma and torts. The authors, practicing emergency physicians with legal expertise, use case anecdotes to assist the discussion of medical-legal issues in a broad variety of dilemmas, such as "resuscitation and malpractice" and "dealing with intoxicated patients." The text is very readable with succinct chapters, bold, attention-getting subtitles, and up-to-date references. In fact, the text can be easily used by other health professionals such as nurses or administrators for information or to assist in peer review or quality assurance projects. The book's brevity, however, sacrifices nuances of law, ethics, and medical practice
Hypomethylation of D4Z4 in 4q-linked and non-4q-linked facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Petra G M van Overveld, Richard J F L Lemmers, Lodewijk A Sandkuijl, Leo Enthoven, Sara T Winokur, Floor Bakels, George W Padberg, Gert-Jan B van Ommen, Rune R Frants, Silvère M van der Maarel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Government must act now or miss chance to legislate on plain tobacco packs, say campaigners
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

More than 3000 health professionals and campaigners have sent an open letter to the prime minister and the health secretary calling on them to commit to introducing standardised packaging on tobacco products in the current parliament.1

The letter said that, since the government first announced in 2011 that it would consult on standardised packaging of cigarette packs, more than half a million children had taken up smoking. It described as “a complete red herring” the government’s move to use an administrative requirement in Europe—which will take until 2 …
Prophylactic low-dose heparin by jet injection.
Authors: J Black, C J Nagle, C J Strachan
Journal: BMJ (1978)

graphic deterioration, in the patient and others affected by aerosols of contaminated water in other factories2 3 no radiographic changes were evident after several years' exposure, and no functional abnormalities persisted when away from work.Furthermore, the symptoms were prominent in the early part of the week, improving while continuing at work, but recurring on return to work after an absence.This pattern is similar to the "Monday fever" of byssinosis, but differs so far as we know in the site of reaction, being predominantly bronchial in byssinosis and peripheral in "humidifier fever."The source of the antigens was identified in this case but the precise causal agent was not, and it may, as Edwards suggested, be derived from free-living amoebae.4Awareness of this unusual pattern of reaction should allow earlier identification of its cause, although confirmation may be obtained only by systematic observations at work or by inhalation testing.
Efficacy of isoniazid prophylaxis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving long term steroid treatment
Authors: S Gaitonde, E Pathan, A Sule, G Mittal, V R Joshi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

To study the efficacy of isoniazid prophylaxis (INHP) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) receiving long term glucocorticosteroid treatment.Treatment with INHP (5 mg/kg/day, max 300 mg/day) together with pyridoxine 10 mg/day for one year was started in all patients with SLE seen between January 1994 and December 1999 and followed up thereafter. Clinical examination and chest radiography were carried out in all patients before the start of INHP treatment. A liver profile was obtained only if liver toxicity was suspected owing to nausea, loss of appetite, and icterus. Only the data of those patients who completed the INHP treatment or who were withdrawn owing to toxicity have been analysed. This was compared with the results of an earlier study of the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with SLE not receiving INHP.Ninety seven patients were included, of whom 95 completed one year's treatment with INHP. Treatment was discontinued in two owing to toxicity: hepatitis in one and peripheral neuropathy in one, at eight and 10 months, respectively. One patient developed TB within one month of starting INHP. Seventy patients were followed up further for at least one year (mean 26.4 months, range 12-60 months) after completion of the INHP treatment. During this period one patient developed TB after one month. No deaths due to TB or hepatitis occurred. In comparison with earlier series the incidence of TB decreased from 11% to 2%, a reduction of 82%. The cost of treatment for each case of TB prevented in the first year was 5800 rupees.INHP is safe and effective in SLE.
TLR2/6 agonists and IFN-gamma treatment induces favorable immune cell recruiting signatures from melanoma associated with STAT1 and IL-32 signaling
Authors: Ileana S Mauldin, Craig L Slingluff, Ena Wang
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Intralesional therapies offer promise to modulate immune signatures within melanoma and other cancers, either as monotherapy or as a component of combination immune therapy. We have shown that the TLR2/6 agonists (MALP-2 and FSL-1) and IFNγ induce human melanoma cells to
Evaluation of a rat model for assessing interventions to salvage ischaemic myocardium: effects of ibuprofen and verapamil
Authors: R G. EVANS, J. E VAL-MEJIAS, J. KULEVICH, V. W FISCHER, H. S MUELLER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

Coronary ligated rats were administered intraperitoneal injections of 6.24, 12.52, and 25.00 mg·kg−1 ibuprofen and 5.00 and 10.00 mg·kg−1 verapamil 1 h before ligation, 1 h after ligation, and then every 8 h for 48 h. Ibuprofen at 50.00 mg·kg−1 was administered 1 h before ligation, 1 h after ligation and 5 h after ligation. Infarct size was determined either by weighing the stained excised infarcted area or by measuring the creatine kinase activity from the excised left ventricle. Ibuprofen and verapamil treatment resulted in less myocardial damage after 48 h than placebo treatment but the differences were generally not statistically significant. The reduction in infarct size was greater in the ibuprofen treated animals compared with verapamil treated rats. In addition, there was a lower mortality with ibuprofen treatment than for either verapamil or placebo. This rat model was useful as a screening tool for the initial evolution of therapeutic interventions to reduce myocardial infarct size. It required substantially less time than large animal models and can be used to examine a variety of treatment doses. These experiments also demonstrated the importance of randomisation to treatment and control groups because of the possibility of disproportionate mortality affecting infarct size.
Pulmonary Lymphangiectasia Resulting From Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Overexpression During a Critical Period
Authors: Li-Chin Yao, Chiara Testini, Denis Tvorogov, Andrey Anisimov, Sara O. Vargas, Peter Baluk, Bronislaw Pytowski, Lena Claesson-Welsh, Kari Alitalo, Donald M. McDonald
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: Lymphatic vessels in the respiratory tract normally mature into a functional network during the neonatal period, but under some pathological conditions they can grow as enlarged, dilated sacs that result in the potentially lethal condition of pulmonary lymphangiectasia. Objective: We sought to determine whether overexpression of the lymphangiogenic growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor-C [VEGF-C]) can promote lymphatic growth and maturation in the respiratory tract. Unexpectedly, perinatal overexpression of VEGF-C in the respiratory epithelium led to a condition resembling human pulmonary lymphangiectasia, a life-threatening disorder of the newborn characterized by respiratory distress and the presence of widely dilated lymphatics. Methods and Results: Administration of doxycycline to Clara cell secretory protein-reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator/tetracycline operator-VEGF-C double-transgenic mice during a critical period from embryonic day 15.5 to postnatal day 14 was accompanied by respiratory distress, chylothorax, pulmonary lymphangiectasia, and high mortality. Enlarged sac-like lymphatics were abundant near major airways, pulmonary vessels, and visceral pleura. Side-by-side comparison revealed morphological features similar to pulmonary lymphangiectasia in humans. The condition was milder in mice given doxycycline after age postnatal day 14 and did not develop after postnatal day 35. Mechanistic studies revealed that VEGF recptor (VEGFR)-3 alone drove lymphatic growth in adult mice, but both VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 were required for the development of lymphangiectasia in neonates. VEGFR-2/VEGFR-3 heterodimers were more abundant in the dilated lymphatics, consistent with the involvement of both receptors. Despite the dependence of lymphangiectasia on VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, the condition was not reversed by blocking both receptors together or by withdrawing VEGF-C. Conclusions: The findings indicate that VEGF-C overexpression can induce pulmonary lymphangiectasia during a critical period in perinatal development.
THE EFFECT OF RESPIRATORY MANOEUVRES UPON SKIN OXYGEN TENSION AND BLOOD FLOW
Authors: P. F. D. Naylor, N. T. S. Evans
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF RESPIRATORY MANOEUVRES UPON SKIN OXYGEN TENSION AND BLOOD FLOW Get access P. F. D. NAYLOR, P. F. D. NAYLOR Department of Dermatology and Medicine, St. Thomas’Hospital and Medical School, London S.E.I and Medical Research Council, Experimental Radiopathology Research Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W.12 Request for reprints should be addressed to: Dr. P. F. D. Naylor, Department of Medicine, St. Thomas' Hospital Medical School, London S.E.1. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. T. S. EVANS N. T. S. EVANS Department of Dermatology and Medicine, St. Thomas’Hospital and Medical School, London S.E.I and Medical Research Council, Experimental Radiopathology Research Unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W.12 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 10, 1 October 1968, Pages 643–651, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11914.x Published: 01 October 1968 Article history Accepted: 13 May 1968 Published: 01 October 1968
Barrier-Spermicide Use and Bacteriuria
Authors: Cathy K. Dratman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.—  The study  Escherichia coli Bacteriuria and Contraceptive Method 1 is potentially misleading. It must be noted that findings are of increased colonization only, not infection, correlated with barrier-spermicide use.  Is the documented vaginal flora alteration from the spermicide or from the latex of the condoms or diaphragm? Perhaps urinary tract colonization occurred from the increased lubrication of spermicides, creating easier access for bacteria to the urethra. We cannot tell, as there was no control group using a vaginal lubricant alone. What is the environment after intercourse without adjuvants of any kind? Perhaps the oral contraceptive group experienced a protective effect and the spermicide-barrier groups were actually closer to the noncontraceptive postcoital baseline. Also, the report did not include timing of postcoital washing. Women using barrier-spermicide methods are instructed not to wash for a number of hours after coitus; perhaps this delay in cleansing is the operant factor
Atriopeptin: A Cardiac Hormone Intimately Involved in Fluid, Electrolyte, and Blood-Pressure Homeostasis
Authors: Franklin H. Epstein, Franklin H. Epstein, Philip Needleman, James E. Greenwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

This review focuses on the recent discovery of atriopeptin, a peptide hormone that is intimately involved in the regulation of renal and cardiovascular homeostasis. This peptide, which is stored in the atrial cardiocyte, is capable of exerting potent, selective, and transient effects on fluid and electrolyte balance and on blood pressure. Hundreds of publications have appeared since the announcement of the discovery of this structure about two years ago. The objective of this interpretive review is to provide a framework for understanding current and future findings about atriopeptin and their implications. The elucidation of the intricacies of this newly discovered . . .
Development and Optimization of a Real-Time Quantitative PCR-Based Method for the Titration of AAV-2 Vector Stocks
Authors: Marlon R Veldwijk, Julian Topaly, Stephanie Laufs, Ulrich R Hengge, Frederik Wenz, W.Jens Zeller, Stefan Fruehauf
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Despite the clinical application of adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy, the titration of viral stocks has not yet been standardized. This complicates the comparison of viral stocks between laboratories. Functional titering of AAV is time-consuming, requires the manipulation of hazardous material, and often has a high degree of variability. We established an optimized real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) titration assay to determine viral titers and compared it with a functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based titration method. With a combination of improved lysis procedures and RQ-PCR protocols we could decrease the intraexperimental coefficient of variation (CV) from 0.24±0.03 to 0.042±0.004 and the interexperimental CV from 0.34±0.06 to 0.093±0.028 following functional and RQPCR-based titration, respectively. This low variability conforms to even the strictest quality standards required, for example, in clinical laboratories. The highly standardized titration by RQPCR described here will be especially advantageous for groups working on AAV-based gene therapy in a good manufacturing practice setting. Despite the clinical application of adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy, the titration of viral stocks has not yet been standardized. This complicates the comparison of viral stocks between laboratories. Functional titering of AAV is time-consuming, requires the manipulation of hazardous material, and often has a high degree of variability. We established an optimized real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) titration assay to determine viral titers and compared it with a functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based titration method. With a combination of improved lysis procedures and RQ-PCR protocols we could decrease the intraexperimental coefficient of variation (CV) from 0.24±0.03 to 0.042±0.004 and the interexperimental CV from 0.34±0.06 to 0.093±0.028 following functional and RQPCR-based titration, respectively. This low variability conforms to even the strictest quality standards required, for example, in clinical laboratories. The highly standardized titration by RQPCR described here will be especially advantageous for groups working on AAV-based gene therapy in a good manufacturing practice setting.
Diverging Sex-morbidity Trends in Cancer of the Mouth
Authors: A. D. Hitchin
Journal: BMJ (1955)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Leptin receptors (LepRs) expressed in the midbrain contribute to the action of leptin on feeding regulation. The midbrain neurons release a variety of neurotransmitters including dopamine (DA), glutamate and GABA. However, which neurotransmitter mediates midbrain leptin action on feeding remains unclear. Here, we showed that midbrain LepR neurons overlap with a subset of dopaminergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. Specific removal of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) in midbrain LepR neurons (KO mice) disrupted DA accumulation in vesicles, but failed to cause a significant change in the evoked release of either glutamate or GABA to downstream neurons. While KO mice showed no differences on chow, they presented a reduced high-fat diet (HFD) intake and resisted to HFD-induced obesity. Specific activation of midbrain LepR neurons promoted VMAT2-dependent feeding on chow and HFD. When tested with an intermittent access to HFD where first 2.5-h HFD eating (binge-like) and 24-h HFD feeding were measured, KO mice exhibited more binge-like, but less 24-h HFD feeding. Interestingly, leptin inhibited 24-h HFD feeding in controls but not in KO mice. Thus, VMAT2-mediated neurotransmission from midbrain LepR neurons contributes to both binge-like eating and HFD feeding regulation.
Genome project aims to transform treatment of cancer and rare diseases
Authors: R. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Patients with cancer and rare diseases will make up the first 40 000 people in the United Kingdom to have their genome sequenced over the next four years in an ambitious government plan to facilitate extensive new scientific research and medical development. The research is likely to speed up diagnosis of diseases and lead to targeted therapy that will, for example, reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy.

The prime minister, David Cameron, announced on 1 August that £300m (€380m; $500m) was being invested in the 100 000 Genomes Project, new research launched last November to decode the human genomes of 100 000 people.1 

Tom Fowler, director of public health for Genomics England, which is to deliver the project, said that the research carried out on rare diseases could increase diagnosis rates by up to 60%. The Wellcome Trust …
Oliver Wendell Holmes and His Cataracts
Authors: Jerome M. Schneck
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr A. Brenton Schiffer approximated well the comment by Holmes regarding his own cataract (1983;249:1152) when he quoted him as having said, "When I look into the microscope, I see my cataract looking back at me." A statement by Holmes about his eyes and age follows. Not long before he died, Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894) wrote to his friend, Dr S. Weir Mitchell (1829-1914), the famous neurologist, neuropsychiatrist, and, like Holmes himself, popular writer of fiction and other works, a letter dated Oct 2, 1893. In it, he stated the following: I have been riding the high horse—let me get out of the saddle. My birthday found me very well in body and I think in mind. If I am in the twilight of dementia I have not found it out. I am only reasonably deaf; my two promising cataracts are so slow about their work that
Contractile protein phenotypic variation during development
Authors: A MURPHY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

A diverse set of contractile protein genes and alternatively spliced isoforms is expressed during the process of cardiac maturation. A large variety of functional sarcomeric units may occur at various stages of development, in different regions of the heart and in pathologic states. In this review, the developmental program of individual contractile protein gene families is discussed with an emphasis on the functional effects of maturational changes, particularly in the human myocardium.
Interactions Between Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Birth Length Influence Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Johan G. Eriksson, Clive Osmond, Virpi Lindi, Matti Uusitupa, Tom Forsen, Markku Laakso, David Barker
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Type 2 diabetes has previously been shown to be associated with a small body size at birth, which is considered an indicator of the intrauterine environment. This inverse association has been observed between both birth weight and birth length (1,2). The peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR) γ2 gene is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism and is therefore a major candidate gene for type 2 diabetes (3,4). We have previously reported that the effects of the Pro12Pro genotype of the PPAR γ2 gene on insulin sensitivity depends on birth size (5). In …
Plasma Chromogranin A as Marker for Survival in Patients With Metastatic Endocrine Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors
Authors: R ARNOLD, A WILKE, A RINKE, C MAYER, P KANN, K KLOSE, A SCHERAG, M HAHMANN, H MULLER, P BARTH
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)