tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Anatomic basis of mitral regurgitation and peripheral embolization.
Authors: J S Gottdiener, B J Maron, R T Schooley, J B Harley, W C Roberts, A S Fauci
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Important cardiac manifestations in the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome include mitral regurgitation and peripheral embolization. To determine the anatomic basis of these abnormalities, real-time, wide-angle, two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo) was performed in 21 patients with the hypereosinophilic syndrome. Nine patients (43%) had clinical evidence of mitral regurgitation, and each had localized thickening of the posterobasal left ventricular wall behind the posterior mitral leaflet and absent (seven patients) or diminished (two patients) motion of the posterior leaflet. Anatomic observations at operation or necropsy in four patients with mitral regurgitation demonstrated that the echocardiographic abnormalities resulted from posterior mitral leaflet thickening and adherence of the leaflet to the underlying mural endocardium of the posterobasal wall. On 2-D echo, each of the six patients with peripheral emboli had either apical left ventricular echo-dense targets consistent with thrombus or thickening of the posterobasal wall of the left ventricle, and these findings were validated at autopsy or operation in three patients. Hence, in patients with the hypereosinophilic syndrome, 2-D echo is useful in identifying the probable etiology of two important cardiac manifestations. Thickening of the posterobasal wall is usually associated with impairment of posterior mitral leaflet function, resulting in mitral regurgitation. Because the hypereosinophilic syndrome is associated with peripheral embolization, thrombus formation and subsequent endocardial scarring, the noninvasive identification of intracavitary ventricular thrombi may be important.
PTEN Loss in the Myf5 Lineage Redistributes Body Fat and Reveals Subsets of White Adipocytes that Arise from Myf5 Precursors
Authors: Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches, Chien-Min Hung, Cynthia A. Sparks, Yuefeng Tang, Huawei Li, David A. Guertin
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)

The developmental origin of adipose tissue and what controls its distribution is poorly understood. By lineage tracing and gene expression analysis in mice, we provide evidence that mesenchymal precursors expressing Myf5—which are thought to give rise only to brown adipocytes and skeletal muscle—also give rise to a subset of white adipocytes. Furthermore, individual brown and white fats contain a mixture of adipocyte progenitor cells derived from Myf5+ and Myf5neg lineages, the number of which varies with depot location. Subsets of white adipocytes originating from both Myf5+ and Myf5neg precursors respond to β3-adrenoreceptor stimulation, suggesting "brite" adipocytes may also have multiple origins. We additionally find that deleting PTEN with myf5-cre causes lipomatosis and partial lipodystrophy by selectively expanding the Myf5+ adipocyte lineages. Thus, the spectrum of adipocytes arising from Myf5+ precursors is broader than previously thought, and differences in PI3K activity between adipocyte lineages alter body fat distribution.
The prognostic value of circulating soluble cell adhesion molecules in patients with chronic congestive heart failure
Authors: Wei-Hsian Yin, Jaw-Wen Chen, Hsu-Lung Jen, Meng-Cheng Chiang, Wen-Pin Huang, An-Ning Feng, Shing-Jong Lin, Mason Shing Young
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2003)
Theophylline Therapy for Near-Fatal Cheyne–Stokes Respiration: A Case Report
Authors: Catherine A. Pesek, Ryan Cooley, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Mark Dyken, Neal L. Weintraub, Virend K. Somers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Cheyne–Stokes respiration is characterized by periodic breathing that alternates with hypopnea or apnea. Objective: To describe the effect of theophylline on near-fatal Cheyne–Stokes respiration. Design: Case report. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patient: A 48-year-old diabetic woman with a history of three cardiorespiratory arrests, a normal coronary arteriogram, normal left ventricular function, and severe Cheyne–Stokes respiration. Measurements: Oxygen saturation, intra-arterial blood pressure, central venous pressure, chest wall movement, electrocardiography, electromyography, electroencephalography, electro-oculography, minute ventilation, arterial blood gases, and serum theophylline levels. Results: After intravenous administration of 1.2 mg of theophylline at 0.6 mg/kg per hour (serum level, 5.6 µg/mL), both Cheyne–Stokes respiration and oxygen desaturation were markedly attenuated. After infusion of 2.4 mg of theophylline (serum level, 11.6 µg/mL), Cheyne–Stokes respiration resolved completely. No change was seen with placebo. Cheyne–Stokes respiration did not recur during outpatient treatment with oral theophylline. Conclusion: Theophylline may be a rapid and effective therapy for life-threatening Cheyne–Stokes respiration.
Nuclear Weapons Testing Fallout and Thyroid Disease-Reply
Authors: Richard A. Kerber
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Dworkin is correct in stating that our dosimetry method has not previously been applied in an epidemiological context. However, the methods used to determine the doses in our study are based on mathematical models of radionuclides that have evolved over many years. In particular, the transport of<sup>131</sup>I, the principal source of exposure to the thyroid, has been well established and validated. The unique aspect of our method is that it incorporates information that is based on the ability of individuals to recall residence history, diet, and lifestyle information 30 years after it occurred. The most important data reported for a specific time period consisted of three facts: (1) the individual's residence, (2) whether fresh milk was consumed, and (3) whether the milk came from a commercial dairy or a family cow. We strongly believe that the subjects' parents were able to provide this information accurately.
Funding of contraceptive implants is crucial
Authors: L. Mascarenhas, Y. Khalaf, S. Lee
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—M S Thompson's argument that the greatest problem with contraceptive implants is their potential to increase providers' control over clients' choice does not stand up to scrutiny.1 Implants form part of a range of long acting reversible contraceptives, which include intrauterine contraceptive devices, the intrauterine contraceptive …
Stromal derived factor 1α: A chemokine that delivers a two-pronged defence of the myocardium
Authors: Daniel I. Bromage, Sean M. Davidson, Derek M. Yellon
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2014)

Alleviating myocardial injury associated with ST elevation myocardial infarction is central to improving the global burden of coronary heart disease. The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) has dual potential benefit in this regard. Firstly, SDF-1α is up-regulated in experimental and clinical studies of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and regulates stem cell migration to sites of injury. SDF-1α delivery to the myocardium after AMI is associated with improved stem cell homing, angiogenesis, and left ventricular function in animal models, and improvements in heart failure and quality of life in humans. Secondly, SDF-1α may have a role in remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC), the phenomenon whereby non-lethal ischaemia–reperfusion applied to an organ or tissue remote from the heart protects the myocardium from lethal ischaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). SDF-1α is increased in the serum of rats subjected to RIC and protects against myocardial IRI in ex vivo studies. Despite these potential pleiotropic effects, a limitation of SDF-1α is its short plasma half-life due to cleavage by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). However, DPP-4 inhibitors increase the half-life of SDF-1α by preventing its degradation and are also protective against lethal IRI. In summary, SDF-1 potentially delivers a 'two-pronged' defence of the myocardium: acutely protecting it from IRI while simultaneously stimulating repair by recruiting stem cells to the site of injury. In this article we examine the evidence for acute and chronic cardioprotective roles of SDF-1α and discuss potential therapeutic manipulations of this mechanism with DPP-4 inhibitors to protect against lethal tissue injury in the clinical setting.
Medical Advice in Seventeenth-Century Journalism
Authors: Jean Cormick
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Making a living from writing is common enough in our day, but three centuries ago such a feat was rare. We are so accustomed to successful specialized journalism—medical, scientific, political, literary—that we can imagine only with difficulty a time when journalists struggled for bare sustenance, trying to create a buying audience where none had existed before. In seventeenth-century England, authors who needed support wrote for the patronage of the aristocracy; others wrote for fame. With growing literacy among the population, however, the possibilities of a new audience with its own demands began to be realized. Booksellers, themselves among the increasing middle class, found it profitable to hire educated but impecunious writers to produce hastily scribbled pamphlets and books, to be sold cheap to an audience far less wealthy than the aristocracy. These hack writers and their booksellers were derisively termed Grub Street by more serious and respectable literary men, who,
937-4 Combined Use of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography and Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography
Authors: Folkert J. TenCate, Aric A. Aiazian, Jaap Hamburger, Jan Hein Cornel, Dilla Ataoullakhanova, Paolo Fioretti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
1135-72 Higher mortality and less evidence-based therapies among medicaid-insured patients with high-risk acute coronary syndromes: Results from CRUSADE
Authors: James E Calvin, Matthew T Roe, Anita Chen, Gerard X Brogan, Elizabeth R DeLong, W.Brian Gibler, E Magnus Ohman, Dan Fintel, Sidney C Smith, Eric D Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Interaction of Intraleukocytic Bacteria and Antibiotics
Authors: Gerald L. Mandell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Bacteria that survive inside polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) following phagocytosis are protected from the bactericidal action of most antibiotics. Two possible explanations are altered metabolism by intraleukocytic bacteria or failure of antibiotics to enter the phagosome. The oxygen consumption of intraleukocytic and extraleukocytic bacteria was measured as an index of bacterial metabolism. PMN respiration and bactericidal activity were suppressed with large doses of hydrocortisone and extraleukocytic bacterial oxygen consumption was abolished by the addition of lysostaphin. Intraleukocytic bacterial continued to consume oxygen suggesting that surviving ingested micro-organisms are metabolically active. Neither penicillin (which cannot kill intraleukocytic bacteria) nor rifampin (which can kill intraleukocytic bacteria) was bactericidal for staphylococci at 5°C. Thus, rifampin is not uniquely able to kill "resting" bacteria.
Biochemical and cellular mechanisms of dust-induced lung fibrosis.
Authors: R J Richards, C G Curtis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

The sequence of cellular and biochemical events in response to the deposition of dust particles in lung tissue is described. Primary reactions at the lung surface include changes in the free cell population, the alveolar surface protein and in the quantity of pulmonary surfactant, a lipoprotein-rich material secreted by Type II cells. The relationship between these changes and lung fibrogenesis is discussed. It is suggested that such primary changes are protective mechanisms which may assist in the prevention of fibrogenesis rather than lead to an increase in collagen formation and deposition. If these primary defenses are overcome, then the interstitial fibroblastlike cell may have a prominent role in fibrogenesis. Therefore detailed observations of the interaction between lung fibroblasts and mineral dusts in vitro are described. As fibrogenesis may be arrested in vivo, or possibly reversed, and does not always progress to fibrosis, final consideration is given to the step from fibrogenesis to fibrosis. It is suggested that this step may involve other tissue proteins apart from collagen and that the irreversible nature of fibrosis can be explained by the formation of strong intermolecular crosslinks between different proteins. The types of crosslinks that may be involved are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the role of calcium-dependent transglutaminases in fibrosis, as these enzymes have hitherto received little attention.
Reply to Christopher C.K. Ho's Letter to the Editor re: David Bar-Or, Kristin M. Salottolo, Alessandro Orlando, James V. Winkler. A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Two Doses of the Tramadol Orally Disintegrating Tablet for the Treatment of Premature Ejaculation Within Less Than 2 Minutes. Eur Urol 2012;61:736–43
Authors: David Bar-Or, Kristin M. Salottolo
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Can infection be abolished?
Authors: J A N Emslie, D Reid, J C M Sharp
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The number of gastric ulcers in patients with rheumatic diseases who were taking steroid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was not significantly different in men and women, and in any case it was too small for any variation in the male to female ratio to be determined.For duodenal ulcers the male to female ratio was 3:1.In this case too, although less obviously, there was a slight tendency towards a reduction in the percentage of men (r=0-28).In conclusion, the data from our case histories do not confirm Dr Lee's observations, and they confirm a higher male prevalence in the incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcers.We emphasise the tendency towards a reduction in this prevalence, however, although it was not significant, since it accords with the findings of Crown et all before the introduction of H2 blockers, and with Ela- shoff's and Grossman's subsequent findings.2Even if our study and that of Dr Lee are not large enough to justify significant epidemiological conclusions, we can hypothesise that widely differing geographical distributions and environmental and socioeconomic conditions in the two populations may explain the difference in the two studies.
Diabetes and the Amplifier Hypothesis
Authors: John D. Crawford, Hans H. Bode
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

This week's report by Rosenbloom on the occurrence of "chemical" diabetes in children is important because of its optimistic implications. If juvenile diabetes were fundamentally different from the maturity-onset type and characterized from the start by the sudden disappearance of insulin secretory capacity there might be some justification for routine acceptance of the conventional therapeutic approach. Rosenbloom's observations, however, confirm scattered earlier reports to indicate that children in whom clinical disease is destined to develop pass through a phase of nearly asymptomatic but nonetheless, by modern laboratory technics, easily detected preclinical diabetes. At this point treatment with oral antidiabetic agents . . .
System rather than target driven approach needed to discover beneficial drug effects
Authors: J. K. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective:</b> To determine how often patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) develop severe (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] ≥6.0) sustained (greater than 6 months) disability due to an acute relapse. <b>Methods:</b> We analyzed our database of all patients with MS followed up at the Marshfield Multiple Sclerosis Center. <b>Results:</b> Among the 1,078 patients, there were 2,587 relapses (mean of 2.4 per patient, with a range of 1–11 attacks over 1–15 years). Only 7 patients had a relapse resulting in EDSS ≥6 that did not recover. Genetic analysis showed no difference in HLA-DR or NOS2A loci between these patients and other MS populations, nor were there any clinical factors that identified high risk. Two of these patients were on interferon treatment at the time of their disabling attack. <b>Conclusions:</b> The fear of a sudden irreversible disability should not influence therapeutic decisions because such attacks are very rare and can occur whether or not patients are treated with interferons.
False-Positive Anti-HCV in Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Chantal Housset, Claire Hirschauer, Françoise Degos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 February 1991False-Positive Anti-HCV in Biliary CirrhosisChantal Housset, Claire Hirschauer, Françoise DegosChantal HoussetSearch for more papers by this author, Claire HirschauerSearch for more papers by this author, Françoise DegosSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-3-252_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:A high prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies detected by enzyme immunoassay (HCV-EIA, Ortho) (1) has been reported in patients with various liver diseases, particularly in those with auto-immune chronic liver disease (2). We used a recombinant-based immunoblot assay (RIBA, Chiron-Ortho) (3) to investigate the specificity of the HCV-EIA in 90 patients with histologically proven primary biliary cirrhosis. Liver histologic stages according to Scheuer (4) were 1-2, 3, and 4 in 25, 22, and 43 patients, respectively. Serum samples were stored at -20 °C until tested, for less than 2 months and for 2 to 48...References1. KuoChooAlter GQH. An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science. 1989;244:362-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. McFarlaneSmithJohnsonBrayVerganiWilliams IHPGDR. Hepatitis C virus antibodies in chronic active hepatitis: pathogenetic factor or false-positive result? Lancet. 1990;335:754-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ColomboRumiMannucci MMP. Specificity of hepatitis C antibody ELISA in patients with haemophilia. Lancet. 1990:335: 1345. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Scheuer P. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Proc R Soc Med. 1967;60:1257-60. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. Sanchez-TapiasBarreraCosta JJJ. Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with nonalcoholic chronic liver disease. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:921-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hôpital Beaujon 92110 Clichy France PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHepatitis C virus in autoimmune liver disease in the UK: aetiological agent or artefact?Low prevalences of HBV and HCV infection in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in Taiwan: A case control study 1 February 1991Volume 114, Issue 3Page: 252-252KeywordsAntibodiesChronic liver diseaseCirrhosisEnzyme immunoassayLiverLiver diseasesPrimary biliary cirrhosisSpecificity Issue Published: 1 February 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of outcomes between autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for peripheral T-cell lymphomas with central review of pathology
Authors: S-W Kim, S-S Yoon, R Suzuki, Y Matsuno, H G Yi, T Yoshida, M Imamura, A Wake, K Miura, M Hino, T Ishikawa, J S Kim, Y Maeda, J-J Lee, H J Kang, H S Lee, J-H Lee, K Izutsu, T Fukuda, C W Kim, T Yoshino, K Ohshima, S Nakamura, K Nagafuji, J Suzumiya, M Harada, C S Kim
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
ATRIAL TACHYARRHYTHMIAS AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CLOSURE OF LARGE ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS: INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS
Authors: Felipe Hernandez, Lidia de Sousa, Federico Gimeno, Jose Antonio Baz, Jose de la Torre Hernandez, Angel Sanchez-Recalde, Rosa Hernandez, Francisco Bosa, Armando Bethencourt, Roberto Blanco, Ignacio Cruz-Gonzalez, Juan Ruiz-Nodar, Roman Lezaun, Javier Goicolea Ruigomez, Eduardo Oliveira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Sudden Death and Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Metropolitan Area, 1970–1980
Authors: Richard F. Gillum, Aaron Folsom, Russell V. Luepker, David R. Jacobs, Thomas E. Kottke, Orlando Gomez-Marin, Ronald J. Prineas, Henry L. Taylor, Henry Blackburn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

To determine the causes of the nationwide decline in deaths due to coronary heart disease, the Minnesota Heart Survey enumerated coronary deaths among persons 30 to 74 years old in Minneapolis–St. Paul. The survey also ascertained rates of hospitalization and case fatality during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction. For deaths occurring between 1970 and 1978 that were due to coronary heart disease, the rates outside the hospital declined by 43 per cent in men and 40 per cent in women, and the rates in hospital emergency rooms increased by 311 per cent in men and 200 per cent in women. In both these years about two thirds of all such deaths occurred outside hospital wards. Between 1970 and 1980, hospitalization rates for acute infarction in persons 30 to 74 years old declined 8 per cent among men and 26 per cent among women, and case fatality in the hospital in persons 45 to 74 years old declined 29 per cent in men and 27 per cent in women. These changes are probably due to the combined influence of changes in risk factors in the population and improved care of patients with acute myocardial infarction before and during hospitalization. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:1353–8.)
Travellers and preventive health care: what are health authorities doing?
Authors: R. M Hussey
Journal: BMJ (1988)

of the six cases ofeye injuries caused by elasticated straps Case Age Circumstances in which injury Visual acuity No (years) Sex occurred Clinical findings Management (months after injury) 1 11 M Fastening strap on trailer tent Hyphaema Bed rest 6/6 (1) 2 41 M Strapping load across lorry Corneal perforation Suturing of cornea 6/18 (3) 3 39 M Pulling strap on windsurfer Iris tear, hyphaema, vitreous haemorrhage, Bed rest, ocular hypotensives 6/18 (3) secondary glaucoma 4 63 M Fastening strap over car roof rack Hyphaema, post-traumatic cataract Bed rest, delayed surgery for cataract and 6/9 (3 months after surgery) implantation of intraocular lens 5 50 M Fastening strap over car roof rack Iris tear, retinal detachment Vitrectomy and injection of silicone oil 6/60 (8) 6 31 M Fastening strap over car roof rack Hyphaema, retinal tear Bed rest, cryotherapy to retinal tear 6/9 (1))leads would prevent accidental release.Only one hook would need to be so modified provided instructions were given to secure the gated hook first.Manufacturers should be encouraged to enclose safety warnings with elasticated straps, and the public needs to know about their potential risk.We thank the consultant staff of this hospital for permission to report on these patients.