tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased chemokinetic and chemotactic responses of eosinophils in asthmatic patients
Authors: E. Griffin, L. Håkansson, H. Formgren, K. Jörgensen, P. Venge
Journal: Allergy (1991)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the migratory responses of eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes from asthmatic patients compared with granulocytes from healthy individuals. Twenty‐three patients with unstable and severe asthma and blood eosinophilia (&gt;400 × 10 6 cells/l) were selected for the study. Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic and chemokinetic responses were tested twice, at the beginning and end of a 5 week treatment period. Lung function was followed by daily measurements of PEF. The eosinophils of the asthmatics demonstrated increased chemokinetic responses to albumin, autologous serum, and normal human serum (NHS), and an increased chemotactic response to NHS at the beginning of the treatment period compared with eosinophils from the references. At the end of the period, the eosinophil chemokinetic responses to albumin, autologous serum and NHS were still increased and so was the chemotactic response to zymosan‐activated serum (ZAS). The neutrophil migratory responses were not increased compared with those of the references, except for the chemokinetic response to autologous serum, which was increased both at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Patients in whom die eosinophil migratory responses, to most of the agents used, decreased over the treatment period, demonstrated a significantly greater improvement of their lung function at the end of the period compared with patients in whom the eosinophil migratory responses increased. However, no direct relationship between eosinophil migratory responses and lung function of the patients was found. In conclusion, the present investigation demonstrated increased migratory responses of eosinophils from asthmatic patients. This enhanced responsiveness is proposed to be due to priming of the eosinophils in vivo , and might be one mechanism behind the selective recruitment of eosinophils to the lungs of asthmatics.
The CaV1.4 Calcium Channel Is a Critical Regulator of T Cell Receptor Signaling and Naive T Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Kyla Omilusik, John J. Priatel, Xiaoxi Chen, Yiwen Teresa Wang, Hongjian Xu, Kyung Bok Choi, Rayshad Gopaul, Adam McIntyre-Smith, Hung-Sia Teh, Rusung Tan, N. Torben Bech-Hansen, Douglas Waterfield, David Fedida, Simon V. Hunt, Wilfred A. Jefferies
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Muscle function and nutrition.
Authors: K N Jeejeebhoy
Journal: Gut (1986)

A new technique ("microlavage") was used to determine the volume of epithelial lining fluid recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. A standard bronchial brush tube is used to lavage a peripheral lung subsegment rapidly with 20 ml of normal saline and the concentrations of urea and total protein are measured in the aspirated fluid. Using a very short dwell time for fluid (less than 20 seconds), this technique allows the urea dilution method to be used to quantify the epithelial lining fluid protein concentration, which is then used as an endogenous marker of the epithelial lining fluid in conventional bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The reproducibility of the calculation of the concentration of the lining fluid protein was assessed in 10 patients by performing the method in three separate lung subsegments. The mean coefficient of variation of the urea to protein ratio was 9.0%. A comparison of microlavage and conventional lavage was made in a further 28 patients. The differential cell counts were similar by the two methods, suggesting that similar epithelial lining fluid was sampled. The application of the microlavage technique to the calculation of epithelial lining fluid volume gave a lower value than the urea dilution method in association with conventional lavage. Microlavage should provide more accurate quantification of epithelial lining fluid volume and could be used in conjunction with conventional lavage, which is still required for an adequate harvest of alveolar cells.
Early Identification and Intervention in Depressive Disorders: Towards a Clinical Staging Model
Authors: S.E. Hetrick, A.G. Parker, I.B. Hickie, R. Purcell, A.R. Yung, P.D. McGorry
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

Depressive disorders are common and associated risks include the onset of secondary disorders, substance use disorders, impairment in social and occupational functioning, and an increase in suicidality. As the onset often occurs in youth, there is a clear imperative for early identification and intervention to ameliorate, if not prevent, associated distress.An extensive search of relevant databases and an ancestry search was undertaken.There is a limited but growing body of literature on this topic that is discussed in relation to a clinical staging model, which may prove to be a useful framework for identifying where an individual lies along the continuum of the course of a depressive illness thus allowing interventions to be matched for that stage. The identification of a subsyndromal and prodromal stage of depressive disorders provides early intervention opportunities.It is argued that a clinical staging heuristic may increase the number of those treated early, which may in turn delay or prevent onset, reduce severity, or prevent progression in the course of depressive disorders.
Situs Inversus due to Canadian Medical System? No: Bashful Author Covered Belly Button-Reply
Authors: Steven A. Grover
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Dr Platt for taking the time to read our article carefully and comment on Fig 3. We agree that many of our Canadian colleagues may feel they have to "stand on their heads" to juggle the conflicting demands they are currently facing within the "vaunted" Canadian medical system. Nonetheless, we believe that only simple improvements to Fig 3 are necessary to allow physicians to remain on their feet while they percuss for splenomegaly. The problem with Fig 3 is that the belly button of the patient, which should be found at the lower right margin, was not in the original picture. This important landmark would clearly indicate that the patient is lying on his right side with his left arm falling over the chest wall. Accordingly, the left costal margin runs from the top of this arm to point A in the Figure. Regarding Dr Platt's
QTL Influencing Blood Pressure Maps to the Region of <i>PPH1</i> on Chromosome 2q31-34 in Old Order Amish
Authors: Wen-Chi Hsueh, Braxton D. Mitchell, Jennifer L. Schneider, Michael J. Wagner, Callum J. Bell, Elizabeth Nanthakumar, Alan R. Shuldiner
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, and peripheral vascular disease. Although the genetic contribution to variation in blood pressure is well recognized, the specific genes involved are mostly unknown. We carried out a genome-wide scan to identify loci influencing blood pressure in the Old Order Amish population of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Methods and Results —Blood pressures were measured in 694 adult participants from families recruited without regard to blood pressure. We performed a quantitative linkage analysis by using 357 microsatellite markers. In multipoint analysis, strong evidence for linkage was observed with both diastolic (lod=3.36; P =0.00004) and to a lesser extent systolic (lod=1.64; P =0.003) blood pressure in the region of chromosome 2q31-34. Peak evidence for linkage occurred at map positions 217 and 221 cM from pter for diastolic and systolic blood pressure, respectively. Conclusions —A gene linked to familial primary pulmonary hypertension has recently been mapped to this same region, suggesting the intriguing hypothesis that other (attenuated) mutations in this same gene may influence variation in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in this population.
Priorities for health and social services
Authors: P. Kirke
Journal: BMJ (1976)

large series can show whether the incidence of handicap is reduced.The second is that there is some hope that if more resources for the handicapped are used effectively the long-term consequence may be a reduction in the pressure for hospital places.If the handicapped and their families can be given the help that is needed to avoid institutional care in childhood the extent of dependency among the adult handicapped may well be reduced.This too is prevention.The dichotomy that you suggest between spending on obstetric services or on services for the handicapped is a peculiarly unfortunate one.The acute services on which spending might be more reasonably limited are those devoted to the avoidable diseases that you instance.Perhaps the sustained campaign of health education that you suggest could be funded by diverting resources devoted to these conditions.At least it would seem reason- able to make any further spending on these acute services conditional on such a campaign.
Intestinal ion transport and the pathophysiology of diarrhea
Authors: Michael Field
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: Na/H exchanger (NHE); downregulated in adenoma (DRA); putative anion transporter 1 (PAT1); cholera toxin (CT); protein kinase A (PKA); cystic fibrosis (CF); cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR); NHE3 kinase A regulatory protein (E3KARP); vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP); enteric nervous system (ENS); heat-stable toxin (
Treatment of Injuries following Insertion of Gastroscope
Authors: S. Tuszewski
Journal: BMJ (1947)

MEDCALBIRA 587 once more to swayback, I have ascertained that the soil in the Peak district where swayback is prevalent is heavily charged with lead.Is it possible that the present outbreak of infantile paralysis has a copper displacement factor in its aetiology?One mineral has been used to an extraordinary extent during the war years and since.I refer to tin.Aluminium cooking vessels were difficult to get during the war years, but since the shops have been flooded with them.Might I suggest that in each case of infantile paralysis the urine should be tested for traces of tin and aluminium ?-I am, etc., Kenwood, Chesterfield.J. A. GOODFELLOW.Miliary Appearances in the Lungs in Mitral Stenosis SIR,-I was most interested to read Dr. T. E. Gumpert's article (Sept.27, p. 488) on " Miliary Appearances in the Lungs in Mitral Stenosis."In the past year I have noted three such cases.Two of these cases had had mitral stenosis of long stand- ing.The miliary appearances in the lungs were seen shortly before death from congestive cardiac failure.The third case was rather different.The patient, a woman aged 36 years, was admitted to hospital in an extremely collapsed condition with cyanosis, orthopnoea, marked tachycardia, pyrexia, ven6us distension in the neck, and widespread adven- titious sounds in the lungs.She had a previous history of rheumatic fever.X-ray examination of the chest showed widespread miliary appearances very similar to those seen in miliary tuberculosis.Her pyrexia was intermittent in type and proved resistant to penicillin and sulphathiazole in full doses.She had no sputum.
Innovations in Access to Care: A Patient-Centered Approach
Authors: Leonard L. Berry, Kathleen Seiders, Susan S. Wilder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

To receive health care, patients with nonemergent problems must gain access to a complex, interdependent ambulatory care system currently structured around the conventional office appointment model. The system does not effectively accommodate diverse patient needs and preferences, contributing to both overuse and underuse of health care resources. A patient-centered access model would help patients secure appropriate and preferred medical assistance when and where it is needed. Characteristics of patient-centered access include availability, appropriateness, preference, and timeliness. One or more of these characteristics often is missing in patients' health care experiences. The goal of this paper is to present patient-centered access as an integrated concept and philosophy to provide context for evaluating specific access initiatives. On the basis of an assessment of existing literature, 3 organizing principles of patient-centered access are proposed and discussed: work at the high end of expertise; align care with need and preference; and serve when service is needed. Patient-centered access warrants serious consideration, given the stakes involved for patients, providers, and payers. Few concepts support all 6 of the Institute of Medicine's aims for the 21st century: safety, effectiveness, patient-centeredness, timeliness, efficiency, and equitability. Patient-centered access is such a concept.
Influence of the transcription factor RORγt on the development of NKp46+ cell populations in gut and skin
Authors: Carmelo Luci, Ana Reynders, Ivaylo I Ivanov, Celine Cognet, Laurent Chiche, Lionel Chasson, Jean Hardwigsen, Esperanza Anguiano, Jacques Banchereau, Damien Chaussabel, Marc Dalod, Dan R Littman, Eric Vivier, Elena Tomasello
Journal: Nature Immunology (2008)
β-Sitosterol oxidation products attenuate vasorelaxation by increasing reactive oxygen species and cyclooxygenase-2
Authors: Chao Yang, Zhen Yu Chen, Siu Ling Wong, Jian Liu, Yin Tong Liang, Chi Wai Lau, Hung Kay Lee, Yu Huang, Suk Ying Tsang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

β-Sitosterol has become a popular cholesterol-lowering functional food product worldwide. β-Sitosterol can be oxidized to β-sitosterol oxidation products (SOPs) during food processing. Little is known about the impact of SOPs and β-sitosterol on the functionality of arteries. This study investigated the effects of SOPs and β-sitosterol on vasorelaxation and the possible cellular mechanisms involved. By isometric tension measurement, SOPs but not β-sitosterol blunted relaxation induced by acetylcholine or Ca2+ ionophore A23187 in endothelium-intact aortae. SOPs-impaired vasorelaxation was completely reversed by cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor DuP-697, whereas the reversal by COX-1 inhibitor SC-560 was only partial. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that SOPs increased the protein expression of COX-2 but not COX-1 in the endothelium. Using dihydroethidium staining and electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping techniques, SOPs were found to elevate the level of reactive oxygen species in rat aortic endothelial cells, and the effects were reversed by antioxidants tempol, tiron, or diphenylene iodonium. Consistently, these antioxidants reversed SOPs-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation. Up-regulation of COX-2 expression by SOPs was also reversed by tempol. Moreover, SOPs attenuated nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation in endothelium-intact, but not endothelium-denuded rings, confirming that SOPs act on the endothelium. Interestingly, a thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptor blocker S18886 reversed SOPs-impaired vasorelaxation, suggesting the involvement of TP receptor in mediating the downstream effect. SOPs decreased cGMP production, and the effect could be reversed by inhibiting COX-2 or TP receptor. This study provides novel experimental evidence showing the harmful effects of SOPs on endothelial function.
The Medical Student as Patient
Authors: Alison S. Clay
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Patient3 August 1999The Medical Student as PatientAlison S. Clay, MDAlison S. Clay, MDIndiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN46202 (Clay)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It is the first day of my surgery clerkship; my assignment, the head and neck oncology clinic. As I anxiously wait to present my first patient, the airway emergency beeper sounds. A frantic race to the wards ensues. By the time we reach the patient in crisis, my heart is beating furiously in sympathetic overdrive, and my shortness of breath blossoms into an exercise-induced asthma attack.The nurses' attention turns to me. Their concern is uncomfortable. I should know how to take care of myself. Yet I am in denial. I chuckle, trying to dismiss my symptoms. I contemplate leaving. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Indiana University School of Medicine; Indianapolis, IN46202 (Clay)Corresponding Author: Alison S. Clay, MD, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, West Building M200, 1001 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe medical student as a patient: attitudes towards involvement in the quality and safety of health careMedical students as patients: implications of their dual role as explored in a vignette-based survey study of 1027 medical students at nine medical schools'It gives you an understanding you can't get from any book.' The relationship between medical students' and doctors' personal illness experiences and their performance: a qualitative and quantitative studyLife on the Receiving End: A Qualitative Analysis of Health Providers??? Illness NarrativesCaring for Colleagues 3 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 3Page: 225-226KeywordsAsthmaDyspneaEmotionsPotassiumRacial and ethnic issuesReasoningSigns and symptomsSurgeryTouchVital signs Issue Published: 3 August 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pathology of Autonomic Neuropathy in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: L. W. DUCHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Pathologic changes in the autonomic nervous system were studied postmortem in five cases of insulin-dependent diabetes of early onset. All had had clinical evidence of peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy and developed disturbances of autonomic function that included postural hypotension, diarrhoea, bladder dysfunction, impotence (in the men), and signs of cardiac denervation. In coeliac and other sympathetic ganglia there were many distended ('giant') or vacuolated neurons as well as enlarged club-shaped neural processes. The vagus nerve and sympathetic trunks showed severe loss of myelinated fibres. Smooth muscle in many viscera showed a hitherto undescribed focal hyaline degeneration. There were inflammatory changes in the autonomic ganglia in all cases and in or around bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibres in many. These findings suggest that there may be several different pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes.
Abstract LB-111: A stable transcription factor complex nucleated by dimeric AML1-ETO controls leukemogenesis.
Authors: Xiao-Jian Sun, Zhanxin Wang, Lan Wang, Yanwen Jiang, T. David Soong, Nils Kost, Wei-Yi Chen, Olivier Elemento, Wolfgang Fischle, Ari Melnick, Dinshaw J. Patel, Stephen D. Nimer, Robert G. Roeder
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Transcription factors are frequently altered in leukemia through chromosomal translocation, mutation or aberrant expression. AML1-ETO, a fusion protein generated by the t(8;21) translocation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is a transcription factor implicated in both gene repression and activation. AML1-ETO exists as dimer/oligomer through its NHR2 dimerization domain. Given that the AML1-ETO dimerization has been shown to be critical for its leukemogenic activity, it is important to identify coregulatory factors that “read” the NHR2 dimerization and contribute to leukemogenesis. We now show that, in leukemic cells, AML1-ETO resides in and functions through a stable protein complex (AETFC) that contains several hematopoietic transcription factors and cofactors. These AETFC components stabilize the complex through multivalent interactions, provide multiple DNA-binding domains for diverse target genes, colocalize genome-wide, cooperatively regulate gene expression, and contribute to leukemogenesis. Within the AETFC complex, the AML1-ETO dimerization is required for a specific interaction between the dimerized NHR2 domain and a novel NHR2-binding (N2B) motif in E proteins. Crystallographic study of the NHR2-N2B complex reveals a unique interaction pattern in which an N2B peptide makes direct contact with side chains of two NHR2 domains as a dimer, providing a novel model of how dimeric transcription factors create a new protein-binding interface through dimerization. Intriguingly, disruption of this interaction by point mutations abrogates AML1-ETO-induced hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and leukemogenesis. These results reveal new mechanisms of action of AML1-ETO in leukemogenesis and provide potential therapeutic possibilities for targeting t(8;21)+ AML. Citation Format: Xiao-Jian Sun, Zhanxin Wang, Lan Wang, Yanwen Jiang, T. David Soong, Nils Kost, Wei-Yi Chen, Olivier Elemento, Wolfgang Fischle, Ari Melnick, Dinshaw J. Patel, Stephen D. Nimer, Robert G. Roeder. A stable transcription factor complex nucleated by dimeric AML1-ETO controls leukemogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-111. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-111
Screening for Family and Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Ned Calonge, Janet D. Allan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 July 2004Screening for Family and Intimate Partner ViolenceNed Calonge, MD, MPH and Janet D. Allan, PhD, RN, CSNed Calonge, MD, MPHFrom U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20852. and Janet D. Allan, PhD, RN, CSFrom U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20852.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-1-200407060-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The letters from Drs. Nelson and Johnston, Dr. Nicolaidis, and Ms. Soler and Dr. Campbell raise several issues that warrant clarification about the scope of the USPSTF and the meaning of a grade I recommendation.First, a grade I recommendation from the Task Force is not a recommendation against screening; it simply means that there is currently no good evidence showing that screening improves health outcomes. As with all Task force recommendations, this recommendation is based on a systematic review of the scientific evidence and does not reflect the experience of any individual clinician. A grade I recommendation ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20852. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Family and Intimate Partner Violence: Recommendation StatementScreening for Family and Intimate Partner Violence John C. Nelson and Carden Johnston Screening for Family and Intimate Partner Violence Christina Nicolaidis and Screening for Family and Intimate Partner Violence Esta Soler and Jacquelyn Campbell Metrics Cited byScreening for Elder Abuse in Hospitalized Older Adults With DementiaPartner Interference with Health Care: Do We Want One More Piece of a Complex Puzzle?Training Clinicians to Identify the Hidden Victims 6 July 2004Volume 141, Issue 1Page: 82KeywordsChildrenDomestic violenceHealth screeningIntimate partner violencePrevention, policy, and public healthSigns and symptomsSystematic reviews ePublished: 6 July 2004 Issue Published: 6 July 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...