tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Serum Cholesterol and Blood Clotting Time in Men Subjected to Cyclic Variation of Occupational Stress
Authors: MEYER FRIEDMAN, RAY H. ROSENMAN, VERNICE CARROLL, Russell J. Tat
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Accountants were selectively chosen as a self-controlled group for studying effects of cyclic occupational stress upon serum cholesterol and blood clotting time, since their routine work schedule is interrupted by urgent tax deadlines, associated with severe occupational stress. Forty male accountants (age 28 to 56) were bled biweekly for serum cholesterol and monthly for blood clotting time from January to June 1957. Complete records also were kept of weight, exercise, diet, relative work load, and any exposure to unusual avocational stress. When studied individually, each subject's highest serum cholesterol consistently occurred during severe occupational or other stress, and his lowest at times of minimal stress. The results could not be ascribed to any changes of weight, exercise, or diet. Marked acceleration of blood clotting time consistently occurred at the time of maximum occupational stress, in contrast to normal blood clotting during periods of respite. The possible implications of these results are discussed in relation to the problem of clinical coronary artery disease.
Hepatitis B virus genotypes and precore/core-promoter mutations in Tunisian patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Khaled Ayed, Yousr Gorgi, Saloua Ayed-Jendoubi, Houda Aouadi, Imen Sfar, Tawfik Najjar, Taieb Ben Abdallah
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
LONG TERM EFFICACY AND IMPACT OF BALLOON SIZE IN ANTRAL CRYO ISOLATION OF PULMONARY VEINS
Authors: Juergen Vogt, Johannes Heintze, Georg Nö;lker, Klaus J. Gutleben, Ameera Yalda, Vanessa Pütz, Dieter Horstkotte
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Financial gain is driving referrals for specialist prostate radiotherapy, says report
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The financial interests of doctors and not clinical need are driving up the use of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for treating prostate cancer, says a new report by the US Government Accountability Office (GAO).1 

Major urological groups in the United States immediately denounced the report, calling it “a flawed, misleading study,” while the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, ASTRO, called it a “striking report” that “details clear mistreatment of patients who trusted their physicians to care for their prostate cancer.”

In the study investigators from the accountability office looked at the referral patterns of practices caring for Medicare patients with prostate cancer. They compared the referral patterns of practices that had no financial stake in an IMRT service, called “non-self referrers,” with those that did have a financial interest, called “self referrers.”

IMRT is a form of external beam radiation treatment in which the radiation beams are shaped to maximize the amount of radiation the tumor receives while reducing the amount to which normal tissue is exposed.

The treatment is substantially …
An Improved Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Strategy for Imaging Intracellular Events in Single Cells and Living Subjects
Authors: Abhijit De, Andreas Markus Loening, Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is currently used for monitoring various intracellular events, including protein-protein interactions, in normal and aberrant signal transduction pathways. However, the BRET vectors currently used lack adequate sensitivity for imaging events of interest from both single living cells and small living subjects. Taking advantage of the critical relationship of BRET efficiency and donor quantum efficiency, we report generation of a novel BRET vector by fusing a GFP(2) acceptor protein with a novel mutant Renilla luciferase donor selected for higher quantum yield. This new BRET vector shows an overall 5.5-fold improvement in the BRET ratio, thereby greatly enhancing the dynamic range of the BRET signal. This new BRET strategy provides a unique platform to assay protein functions from both single live cells and cells located deep within small living subjects. The imaging utility of the new BRET vector is shown by constructing a sensor using two mammalian target of rapamycin pathway proteins (FKBP12 and FRB) that dimerize only in the presence of rapamycin. This new BRET vector should facilitate high-throughput sensitive BRET assays, including studies in single live cells and small living subjects. Applications will include anticancer therapy screening in cell culture and in small living animals.
Spurious elevated platelet counts associated with bacteremia
Authors: Elizabeth S. Gloster, Robert A. Strauss, Jorge F. Jimenez, Ronnie W. Neuberg, Daisilee H. Berry, Eleanor J. Turner
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Spuriously elevated automated platelet counts secondary to in vivo bacteremia have not been reported previously. Two patients are described with blood cultures positive for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively, and bacteria present on peripheral blood smear. Those bacteria caused falsely elevated platelet counts to be generated by the Ortho ELT‐8. These cases illustrate an unusual artifact and demonstrate that spurious counts can be generated by laser optical blood cell counters.
F-18-FDG-PET/CT Leads to Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Pneumonia Where Recurrent Metastatic Rhabdomyosarcoma was Suspected
Authors: Amy E. Vinson, Veronica Solis, Hadyn T. Williams, Beverly Bell
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

An 11-year-old male was referred for a 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan (FDG PET/CT) after a CT scan done for restaging of a treated abdominal rhabdomyosarcoma showed a residual abdominal mass. Functional PET imaging showed no active tumor in the abdominal mass, and a right middle lobe lung nodule, which was FDG-avid, and highly suspicious for metastatic disease. A biopsy of the lung nodule revealed cryptococcal pneumonia. The patient was treated for cryptococcal pneumonia and avoided an unnecessary abdominal exploratory laparotomy.
Prospective Evaluation of Ovarian Function in Women with Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracyclin-Based Chemotherapy with or without Docetaxel.
Authors: M. Berliere, N. Malingret, P. Coudyzer, J. Baurain, F. Mazzeo, C. Galant, L. Fellah, P. Piette, J. Machiels
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: to determine prospectively the incidence of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea and the recovery of ovarian function in premenopausal women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant or neoadjuvant anthracyclin-based chemotherapy with or without docetaxel.Material and methods: we studied the incidence and the reversibility of clinical amenorrhea induced by different chemotherapy regimens: i) 6 cycles of 5-fluorouracil 500mg/m2, epirubicin 100mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 500mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks (6FEC) and ii) 3 cycles of FEC 100 followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel 100 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks (3FEC/3D) and iii) 4 cycles of FEC 100 followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel on day 1 every 3 weeks (4FEC100/4D) .Recovery of ovarian function was defined as recovery of premenopausal hormonal values :luteinizing hormone (LH &amp;lt;17mIU/ml),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH &amp;lt;45.7mIU/Ml) and oestradiol (E2&amp;gt;50pg/ml).This recovery of ovarian function did not need to be associated with regular menses.Hormonal dosages were performed every 3 months starting at the beginning of chemotherapy and during the year following the end of chemotherapy.After, dosages were performed every 6 months.Results: 170 premenopausal patients were included between january 2005 and january 2008: 62 patients received 6FEC, 66 patients 3FEC/3D and 42 patients 4FEC/4D. The median age was 41 years (range: 25-51) in 6FEC, 42.8 years (range: 27-52.8) in 3FEC/3D and 40.2 years (range: 24-49.5)in 4FEC/4D. The incidence of chemotherapy-related amenorrhea at the end of chemotherapy was similar in the 3 groups: 90.3% in the 6FEC arm, 89.4% in the 3FEC/3D arm and 92.8% in the 4FEC/4D arm. However in the year following the end of chemotherapy, more patients recovered ovarian function in the 3FEC/3D arm (51.5%)(p=0.017) and in the 4FEC/4D arm (50%)(p=0.046)compared with the 6FEC group (30.6%). The difference was statisticaly significant for patients &amp;gt; or=40 years but not for patients &amp;lt; 40 years.Importantly, among the 23 patients with premenopausal hormonal values and treated with tamoxifen, 12/23 did not mention any menses recovery during the first year of follow-up.Conclusion: our prospective study confirms our previous retrospective data showing that 3FEC/3D and 4FEC/4D induce less definitive amenorrhea than 6FEC. Age is the most important predictor of ovarian function recovery, independently of chemotherapy regimen.Anamnestic data, especially in patients treated with tamoxifen are insufficient to determine pre-or postmenopausal status. Therefore, hormonal values must be followed regularly during and after chemotherapy. Since the menopausal status has an impact on the endocrine therapy choice. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2086.
Effect of Fosinopril on Cardiac and Metabolic Parameters in Patients With NIDDM
Authors: Ian M Holdaway, Greg D Gamble, Gillian A Sanders, Sally C Greaves, Elaine M Ellis-Pegler, Norman Sharpe
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

To determine whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor fosinopril can favorably alter cardiac function in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus NIDDM) patients who have either normal blood pressure (BP) or mild, untreated hypertension.Fifty-five NIDDM subjects with normal BP or mild, untreated hypertension were randomized to treatment with the ACE-inhibitor fosinopril or placebo for 6 months in a randomized, double-blind trial to determine the effect of fosinopril on echocardiographic measurements.Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) fell by 6.5 +/- 4.7% (mean +/- SD) with fosinopril and increased by 8.6 +/- 3.5% during placebo treatment (P < 0.02), and isovolumic relaxation time improved significantly in those with elevated baseline levels (P = 0.02). Systolic BP fell significantly, but this did not correlate with the change in LVMI, suggesting a possible direct action of fosinopril on the heart.Fosinopril appears to have significant cardiac benefits in patients with NIDDM who have normal or mildly elevated BP. These benefits are achieved without adversely affecting renal status and without impairing metabolic control of diabetes.
Wassermann Reaction and Vaccination
Authors: D. J. M. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MEDICALJOURNALresults2 in apparently early patients, employ- ing systemic assessment and treatment in an admittedly small series, are sufficiently encouraging to warrant continuation.The arguments will continue anent a con- dition in which the deaths, using contem- porary measures, have increased by 4% from 1963 to 1964,3 but the long-repeated exercises in surgery and radiation which have hitherto shown little reward are still being pursued.The way ahead would seem to lie in improved systemic treatment for what is potentially a systemic condition even in the most appar- ently early patient.Minimal controlled surgery should only be permissible when a satisfactory systemic picture is present or obtained, and should certainly be delayed in the advanced patient.In the meantime, to catch the patient in apparent (with a negative systemic assess- ment) true Stage 1 should be our aim, since the results of treatment by any method are relatively good.We note that early detection at well-women clinics and self examination was not discussed at the symposium-the early detection of what is usually a symptomless condition is surely a prime necessity.-Weare, etc.,
Increased left ventricular mass and hypertrophy are associated with increased risk for sudden death
Authors: Agha W. Haider, Martin G. Larson, Emelia J. Benjamin, Daniel Levy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)

Objectives. This study examined the relations of echocardiographically determined left ventricular (LV) mass and hypertrophy to the risk of sudden death. Background. Echocardiographic LV hypertrophy is associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. However, little is known about the association of echocardiographic LV hypertrophy with sudden death. Methods. We examined the relations of LV mass and hypertrophy to the incidence of sudden death in 3,661 subjects enrolled in the Framingham Heart Study who were ≥40 years of age. The baseline examination was performed from 1979 to 1983 and LV hypertrophy was defined as LV mass (adjusted for height) >143 g/m in men and >102 g/m in women. During up to 14 years of follow-up there were 60 sudden deaths. Cox models examined the relations of LV mass and LV hypertrophy to sudden death risk after adjusting for known risk factors. Results. The prevalence of LV hypertrophy was 21.5%. The risk factor–adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for sudden death was 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10 to 1.92, p = 0.008) for each 50-g/m increment in LV mass. For LV hypertrophy, the risk factor–adjusted HR for sudden death was 2.16 (95% CI 1.22 to 3.81, p = 0.008). After excluding the first 4 years of follow-up, both increased LV mass and LV hypertrophy conferred long-term risk of sudden death (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.28, p = 0.047 and HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.58 to 6.83, p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions. Increased LV mass and hypertrophy are associated with increased risk for sudden death after accounting for known risk factors.
Cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves in bilateral diaphragm paralysis.
Authors: G H Mills, D Kyroussis, C H Hamnegard, S Wragg, M I Polkey, J Moxham, M Green
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Cervical magnetic stimulation (CMS) produces a greater twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure (TwPdi) than electrical stimulation. This may be because CMS produces rib cage muscle activation, thus producing an inspiratory action independent of the diaphragm. Alternatively, CMS could merely stiffen the rib cage, allowing the diaphragm to act efficiently, by contracting against a stable rib cage. To examine these two hypotheses we studied five patients with isolated bilateral diaphragm paralysis using CMS and bilateral electrical phrenic stimulation (BES). TwPdi, twitch esophageal pressure (TwPes), and twitch gastric pressure (TwPgas) were measured. We also assessed maximal sniff esophageal and transdiaphragmatic pressures (SnPes) (SnPdi), maximal inspiratory and expiratory mouth pressures (MIP) (MEP), and fall in VC on moving from an upright to a supine position. Respiratory muscle strength tests were consistent with bilateral diaphragm paralysis, and the MEPs confirmed normal expiratory muscle function. The patients were able to generate a mean SnPes of -30 cm H2O, mainly because of inspiratory activity of rib cage and neck muscles. However, TwPdi and TwPes during both CMS and BES were close to zero. We conclude that in our patients with diaphragm paralysis caused by neuralgic amyotrophy, CMS stiffens the rib cage but does not have an inspiratory action independent of the diaphragm.
Should Immunoglobulin Therapy Be Used in Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation?
Authors: Catherine Cordonnier, Sylvie Chevret, Marc Legrand, Homa Rafi, Nathalie Dhdin, Blandine Lehmann, Franois Bassompierre, Eliane Gluckman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: The universal use of prophylactic immunoglobulin in stem-cell transplantation has not been supported by strong evidence of benefit. Results of most trials were reported before effective drugs for cytomegalovirus infection and disease were available, and no trial was placebo controlled. Objective: To assess the role and the dose-effect relationship of immunoglobulin in the prophylaxis of complications after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. Design: Multicenter randomized, double-blind, dose effect placebo-controlled study. Setting: 19 stem-cell transplantation centers in France. Patients: 200 patients who had allogeneic stem-cell transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donors between 1998 and 2000. Intervention: Immunoglobulin at doses of 50 mg/kg of body weight, 250 mg/kg, or 500 mg/kg weekly from day 7 to day 100 after transplantation or placebo. Measurements: Cumulative incidence of infection, graft-versus-host disease, veno-occlusive disease, interstitial pneumonia, and transplantation-related mortality at 6 months; overall survival at 2 years after transplantation. Results: Immunoglobulin had no benefit over placebo; 92% of patients in the pooled immunoglobulin group and 90% of patients in the placebo group had one or more infections (difference, 2 percentage points [95% CI, 8 to 12 percentage points]). Cumulative incidences of interstitial pneumonia, graft-versus-host disease, transplantation-related mortality, and overall survival were similar in patients receiving placebo and those receiving immunoglobulin; no dose-effect relationships were evident. Grade 3 (severe) veno-occlusive disease occurred more frequently as the immunoglobulin dose increased (P = 0.01). Conclusions: Use of prophylactic immunoglobulin in allogeneic recipients of stem-cell transplant from HLA-identical sibling donors is not recommended. *For investigators and participating centers for the GREFIG Study Group, see the Appendix.
MEDICINE-DROPPER CLIP
Authors: Percy R. Wood
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Ordinary droppers are constantly being broken, lost or inadvertently exchange for others previously impregnated wth medicaments. When combined with the stopper they corrode and disintegrate, and for various reasons become useless. The result is that one seldom has on hand a perfectly reliable sterile and serviceable instrument. To overcome this difficulty I have had made, as here illustrated, a blued steel clip, which springs securely over the sides of the bottle and at the same time holds firmly a common rubber pipette, which, after using, is readily returned, to be at hand when wanted, and which, being cheap, is easily replaced.
Toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs) in Domestic and laboratory animals.
Authors: T Damstra, W Jurgelski, H S Posner, V B Vouk, N J Bernheim, J Guthrie, M Luster, H L Falk
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The composition, environmental fate, and effects of the polybrominated biphenyls (Firemaster BP-6 or FF-1) involved in the accidental contamination of cattle feed in Michigan in 1973 are reviewed. Toxic effects referred to in this report are limited to those occurring in domestic and laboratory animals and include general toxicity, neurobehavioral toxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The absorption, distribution, biotransformation and elimination of these polybrominated biphenyls are discussed along with the interactions with other chemicals and drugs.
Tocolytics and preterm labour
Authors: A. Carlin, J. Norman, S. Cole, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Whether to treat or not is the real dilemma, not which drug to use

Preterm labour is still the main cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Despite a better understanding of the pathophysiology, and the recognition that it is a syndrome with multiple causes, rates continue to rise.1 In the linked cohort study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b744), de Heus and colleagues assess the incidence of serious maternal complications with the use of tocolytic drugs for the treatment of preterm labour.2 

Corticosteroids given to women at risk of preterm birth increase fetal lung maturity and can reduce fetal death, intraventricular haemorrhage, and respiratory distress by up to 50%.3 In contrast, it is still unclear whether tocolysis improves neonatal or longer term outcomes.4 Thus, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ clinical guideline on tocolysis concludes that, “it is reasonable not to use tocolytic drugs.”5

Despite the lack of evidence, several tocolytic drugs are commonly used worldwide. They are used primarily to delay delivery for up to 48 hours to allow for administration of corticosteroids or transfer to a unit with neonatal intensive care facilities (or both). Little consensus exists as to which tocolytic agent …
Detection of hepatitis C viral RNA sequences in fresh and paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens of non-A, non-B hepatitis patients
Authors: D. Bresters, H.T.M. Cuypers, H.W. Reesink, R.A.F.M. Chamuleau, M.E.I. Schipper, B.D.M. Boeser-Nunnink, P.N. Lelie, P.L.M. Jansen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1992)
Emergence of depressive symptoms in patients receiving alprazolam for panic disorder
Authors: R B Lydiard, M T Laraia, J C Ballenger, E F Howell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors relate their clinical experience with 46 panic disorder patients who were receiving 3-10 mg/day of alprazolam. Fifteen (33%) developed symptoms consistent with DSM-III criteria for major depression despite remission of their panic symptoms. Clinicians should be alert to this potentially reversible complication.
155 Prediction of significant fibrosis in HCV-infected liver transplant recipients by artificial neural network analysis of clinical factors
Authors: F. Piscaglia, A. Cucchetti, S. Benlloch, M. Vivarelli, V. Camaggi, J. Berenguer, L. Bolondi, A.D. Pinna, M. Berenguer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Adrenal Cystic Lesions: A Clinicopathological Analysis of 25 Cases with Proposed Histogenesis and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hui-Ping Chien, Yu-Sun Chang, Pei-Sung Hsu, Jen-Der Lin, Yi-Chin Wu, Hui-Lang Chang, Cheng-Keng Chuang, Ke-Hung Tsuei, Chuen Hsueh
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2008)
Anticoagulation: A Contraindication to Intrauterine-Device Insertion
Authors: Louis E. Knight
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THROMBOPHLEBITIS in an otherwise healthy woman using oral contraceptives calls for change in the method of contraception. The usual method of choice would be the intrauterine device (IUD). Of two recent articles listing instances in which the use of an IUD would be proscribed,<sup>1,2</sup>neither mentioned the current use of anticoagulants. We suggest that anticoagulation may be a contraindication to IUD insertion. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old woman (gravida 0) who was taking birth control pills for three years experienced a spontaneous episode of thrombophlebitis in the right leg. She was hospitalized and treated with heparin sodium and antibiotics. When discharged from the hospital, she was instructed to take warfarin sodium, 5 mg/day. The patient came in for IUD insertion on the second day of her menses. After a routine bimanual examination, the uterus was sounded to ascertain the depth of the cavity, and a copper-wrapped IUD was
Pulmonary Cavitation and Massive Hemorrhage Caused by<i>Pasteurella multocida</i>
Authors: H. C. Maneche, H. W. Toll
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PASTEURELLA multocida is a small, gram-negative and nonmotile rod that frequently causes diseases known as hemorrhagic septicemia in lower animals and cholera in chickens. It has previously been known by various names including Past, avicida, Past, boviseptica and Past. suiseptica. The name Past. multocida has been adopted for all these forms because they are bacteriologically identical.Most reported cases in human beings consist of localized infections after animal bites. A local pyogenic reaction, with abscess formation and osteomyelitis of subjacent bone, is usual in the absence of specific therapy. Systemic infections, generally meningitis, have also been reported. Septicemia may . . .