tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4180: The sterile 20-like kinase Tao-1 controls tissue growth by regulating the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway
Authors: Carole LC Poon, Jane I. Lin, Xiaomeng Zhang, Kieran F. Harvey
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Hippo tumour suppressor pathway is a complex signalling network that controls developmental tissue growth and is frequently deregulated in different human cancers. A key question in Hippo signalling is how the Hippo kinase (MST1/2 in mammals) is activated by upstream regulatory inputs to limit tissue growth. Using a genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster, we identified the sterile 20-like kinase, Tao-1, as a novel Hippo pathway member that activates Hippo. Tao-1 controls various biological phenomena including microtubule dynamics, animal behaviour and brain development. Here, we describe a previously unappreciated role for Tao-1 as a regulator of epithelial tissue growth by modulating activity of the core Hippo pathway kinase cassette. Tao-1 functions together with Hippo to activate Warts-mediated repression of Yorkie. Tao-1's ability to control SWH pathway activity is evolutionarily conserved as human TAO1 can suppress activity of the Yorkie orthologue, YAP. Human TAO1 controls SWH pathway activity by phosphorylating, and activating, the Hippo orthologue, MST2. Importantly, given that Hippo pathway activity is subverted in many human cancers, our findings identify human TAO kinases (TAO1, TAO2 and TAO3) as candidate tumor suppressor genes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4180. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4180
200 Naturally occuring HBV variants within the nucleocapsid protein create null ligand peptides unable to activate HBV-specific CD4+ T-lymphocytes
Authors: N GRUENER, T GERLACH, A ULSENHEIMER, H DIEPOLDER, E WIERENGA, R ZACHOVAL, A SCHIRREN, G PAPE, M JUNG
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

To assess the significance of cell-mediated immunity, T cells were derived from the peripheral blood and liver tissue of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients and controls. The analysis of the 3H-thymidine-uptake in response to a panel of recombinant HBV antigens revealed that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of the 25 viremic patients with inflammatory active, chronic hepatitis B, 16 with wild-type and nine with HBe-minus HBV mutant infection, showed stronger proliferative responses to HBc and HBe antigens than 16 asymptomatic nonviremic HBsAg carriers with normal aminotransferase levels (HBc: SI 19.3 ± 3.9 vs. 13.0 ± 3.2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.2; P < .01 and HBe: SI16.6 ± 4.0 vs. 10.7 ± 3.5 vs. 6.9 ± 1.5; P < .05). In 15 patients with acute self-limited hepatitis B, however, significantly stronger HBc antigen-specific T-cell responses were observed during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nine completely HBV-immunized patients only minor proliferative responses to HBV antigens were observed. Six HBe/ HBcAg- and two HBeAg-specific CD4+ T-cell lines could be expanded from liver tissue and peripheral blood of six viremic patients with chronic hepatitis B. Irrespectively of HBV mutations the HBV-specific activation of the T-cell lines was restricted by the presence of HLADR molecules and resulted in the release of Thi-like cytokine patterns. Follow-up of interferon (IFN) recipients showed simultaneous short-term increase of HBc/HBe specific T-cell reactivities in responder patients during HBV clearance and HBe/anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas in nonresponders high virus load and HBV-specific immune responses were in imbalance. In conclusion, HBe/HBc-specific CD4+ helper T cells are related to disease activity. From patients with HBe-minus HBV mutants HBeAg-specific T cells could be obtained in vitro, suggestive of viral escape from the host immune response. We speculate that HBe/HBcAg-specific T helper cells are required to mount an efficient immune response in HBV infection.
CONSERVATISM IN THE TREATMENT OF INFANTS WITH HARELIP AND CLEFT PALATE.
Authors: GEORGE V. I. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The advent of an infant affected with deformity of lip or palate, or both, brings directly to the parents and physician in charge, the urgent necessity of deciding whether immediate or at least early radical operation for the correction of the deformity shall be performed, or methods of treatment adopted that will admit of postponement of palate closure until a later period. With authorities openly divided on this question as they are, the decision must necessarily be a difficult one to determine, more especially since such cases are comparatively infrequent in the general practice of medicine and surgery. My practice being limited to this field and necessarily covering a somewhat extensive territory, the opportunity to observe both the effects of treatment according to my own system on infants under widely different, often extremely difficult conditions, and the result of operations by others in their influence on the appearance and development
Seven-Year Follow-up of Children Born to Women in a Randomized Trial of Prenatal DHA Supplementation
Authors: Jacqueline F. Gould, Karli Treyvaud, Lisa N. Yelland, Peter J. Anderson, Lisa G. Smithers, Andrew J. McPhee, Maria Makrides
Journal: JAMA (2017)

This study reports neurodevelopmental outcomes at 7 years of children whose mothers participated in a randomized trial of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation during pregnancy to improve their child's intelligence.
Measurement of mitral valve area in mitral stenosis: Four echocardiographic methods compared with direct measurement of anatomic orifices
Authors: Francesco Faletra, Antonio Pezzano, Rossana Fusco, Antonio Mantero, Roberto Corno, Wilma Crivellaro, Francesca De Chiara, Ettore Vitali, Veliano Gordini, Paola Magnani, Antonio Pezzano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Epigenetic Modification and Antibody-Dependent Expansion of Memory-like NK Cells in Human Cytomegalovirus-Infected Individuals
Authors: Jaewon Lee, Tianxiang Zhang, Ilwoong Hwang, Ahrom Kim, Larissa Nitschke, MinJae Kim, Jeannine M. Scott, Yosuke Kamimura, Lewis L. Lanier, Sungjin Kim
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Abstract 2825: Red meat and heterocyclic amine intake, metabolic pathway genes, and bladder cancer risk
Authors: Jie Lin, Jianming Wang, H. Barton Grossman, Meng Chen, Colin P. Dinney, Xifeng Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We analyzed the association between meat intake, heterocyclic amines and bladder cancer (BC) risk using data collected in a large case-control study. The study included 884 histologically confirmed BC cases and 878 healthy controls matched to cases by age (± 5 years), gender and ethnicity. Epidemiologic and dietary data were collected using structured questionnaires via an in-person interview. Dietary intake was reported on the National Cancer Institute- Block 135-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Compared to those in the lowest quartile of total red meat intake, the ORs for the second, third and fourth quartiles of total red meat intake were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.78-1.39), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.19-2.10), and 1.49 (95% CI:1.21-1.99), respectively (P-for trend =0.001). Higher intakes of beef steaks, pork chops and bacon were each associated with increased BC risk in a dose-response pattern. For example, the ORs for the second, third and fourth quartiles of beef steak intake were 1.04 (95% CI: 0.78-1.39), 1.19 (95% CI: 0.89-1.57), and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.17-2.04), respectively (P-for trend =0.001). In addition, high intake of fried chicken and fried fish also conferred significantly increased risk. When assessed in doneness level, compared to the rare done level, intakes of red meat with medium done and well done level were associated with 1.46- fold (95% CI: 1.13-1.89) and 1.94-fold (95% CI: 1.52-2.49) increased risk (P for trend&amp;lt;0.001). Intakes of heterocyclic amine (HCA) were available in a subset of 177 cases and 306 controls. Compared to the first quartile (the lowest quartile of intake), the ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.18 (95% CI: 0.63-2.23), 1.64 (95% CI: 0.89-3.00), and 2.58 (95% CI: 1.43-4.66), respectively (P for trend&amp;lt;0.001). We further assessed joint effects of red meat and genetic variants in the pathways relevant to HCA metabolism. We found that the risk associated with high red meat intake was most significant among subjects carrying high number of unfavorable genotypes in the pathway. Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of red meat intake and who carried low number of unfavorable genotypes (less than 6), subjects carrying seven or more unfavorable genotypes and whose red meat intake was in the highest quartile were at 4.74-fold increased risk (95% CI=2.78-8.10; P&amp;lt;0.001). These results strongly support that red meat intake and genetic variants in the HCA metabolic pathways jointly influence bladder cancer susceptibility. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2825.
Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Trial on the Antiproliferative Effect of Lanreotide, Interferon Alfa, and Their Combination for Therapy of Metastatic Neuroendocrine Gastroenteropancreatic Tumors
Authors: Nicola Fazio, Kjell Oberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

THE EDITOR: Faiss et al [1] report on a prospective, randomized trial investigating the antiproliferative effect of lanreotide and interferon alfa in 80 patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors.This is one of the largest prospective series ever reported.The authors assumed a 300% increase in 1-year progression-free survival when combining lanreotide and interferon alfa compared to interferon alfa alone.However, the study was prematurely closed after 80 patients instead of the calculated 105 patients.Furthermore, the authors do not provide the basis for their assumptions of a 15% progression-free survival at 1 year for interferon and 25% for lanreotide, respectively.Interpretation of some of the data presented has to be considered inaccurate and uncommon.Subgroups of eight to 12 patients each comparing symptom control cannot be analyzed statistically, and we doubt the clinical accuracy and relevance of one versus two or two versus three episodes of flush and/or diarrhea per day.Eleven patients crossed over, achieving a "clear reduction in tumor growth"-response criteria should be well defined and applied.Finally, the authors' point out their low disease stabilization (DS) rate compared with other reports, making four statements that are not supported by the literature.(1) The authors explain that the low DS rate is due to a large amount of foregut tumors.However, most other series do not specify the tumor localization and contain a high number of unknown primary sites [2,3].Some series report on a comparable high number of foregut tumors, but obtain a higher DS-rate [4].(2) Their study is not unique in having independent radiologic review [2][3][4].(3) The authors claim that lanreotide is inferior to octreotide, although it has been demonstrated that both somatostatin analogs are equiva-lent [4,5].(4) It is not clear why therapy-naïve patients should show a lower stable disease rate than patients who already received treatments.Unfortunately, the study presented shows some inconsistent results.In addition, although it is a large series of patients with this rare disease, the accrual could not be completed and thus did not reach statistical significance.
The Keppel Club (1952-74): lessons from the past for the future.
Authors: J Fry
Journal: BMJ (1991)

ciently independent to return home and live at ease in his native country."4A year later Seurat was back in France but not living "at ease."He was one of the principal attractions at a travelling circus that arrived in Bordeaix in 1826.His popularity was such that a local artist, Louis Burgade, published an inexpensive lithograph of him."More interestingly, he caught the attention of Goya.Francisco Goya was the foremost Spanish artist of his day, employed for much of his life as court painter to the Spanish monarchs.In 1824, disturbed by the political upheavals and the repressive regime in Spain, Goya became a voluntary exile in Bordeaux, where many Spaniards had taken refuge.Although in his 80s, Goya continued to paint and draw with remarkable skill and subtlety.He was one of the first, and greatest, exponents of lithography, a printing technique invented in 1798.Goya used black chalk and lithographic crayon for his drawing of Seurat, one of six images of circus acts including acrobats, a crocodile, a snake, and a dancing wolf.2This drawing was in the Otto Gerstenberg Collection in Berlin but is now presumed destroyed.Goya's Seurat is a far more pathetic figure than Cruikshank's.He stands alone, supporting his feeble frame with a walking stick.His curly wig has been replaced by a simnple hat, hiding his baldness but accentuating his drawn, thin face beneath.His elaborate petticoat is now a plain cloth.He stares out at us with deep sunken eyes, a figure to pity rather than to marvel at.Seurat's isolated, pathetic figure must have struck a chord with Goya, whose personal feelings of isolation were height- ened by his severe deafness.This simple but disturbing image is typical of Goya's reaction to the poverty and distress of the world around him.There is no record of Seurat after the circus moved on from Bordeaux.
Screen women with gestational diabetes for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mark Sillender
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We select the letters for these pages from the rapid responses posted on bmj.com favouring those received within five days of publication of the article to which they refer.Letters are thus an early selection of rapid responses on a particular topic.Readers should consult the website for the full list of responses and any authors' replies, which usually arrive after our selection.patricia de la rosa/stone/getty images screening for type 2 diabetes Screen women with gestational diabetes for type 2 diabetesOne way to reduce type 2 diabetes would be to target women with gestational diabetes. 1Maternity services are increasingly screening women and treating gestational diabetes, after the demonstration of significant perinatal benefits. 2 Within 10 years, 35-60% of women with gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes. 3These women are an already identified high risk group.Their children are also more likely to be obese and share a genetic propensity to type 2 diabetes. 4 Following up women with gestational diabetes allows the targeting of two high risk people without additional screening.Many health service contacts are made in the first year of a child's life, therefore interventions may be easily delivered.Also, many women are receptive to health advice around the time of a birth when new lifestyle patterns are being established.Improved follow-up of these women with promotion of diet, exercise, and pharmacology, together with prolongation of breast feeding and subsequent healthy infant feeding is likely to be effective for mother, child, and the health service.
Development and Evaluation of a Vaccine for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
Authors: Anthony S. Fauci
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

The development of a safe and effective vaccine for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is complicated by several unique scientific, logistic, and ethical issues. These issues include a lack of understanding of protective immunity to HIV and disease development, the absence of an adequate and convenient animal model for studying HIV infection, and difficulties in phase III evaluation of candidate vaccines. Because HIV can be transmitted as either a cellfree or cell-associated virus, a protective immune response against HIV infection will likely require both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. A neutralizing antibody against HIV and an antibody involved in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity have been shown in HIV-infected persons, but their precise relation to protection is unclear. Cytotoxic lymphocytes from HIV-infected persons have been shown to lyse target cells expressing HIV or its proteins. Cloned T cells have been developed that manifest HIV-specific, major histocompatibility-complex class I-restricted cytotoxic capabilities that are broadly specific. Thus far, all attempts to protect chimpanzees, currently the only suitable animal model, from HIV infection have failed. Ongoing vaccine studies in humans include phase I trials of recombinant proteins of the HIV envelope in uninfected persons as well as the administration of whole killed virus to persons already infected with HIV. Rapid progress is being made in the development of new animal models for HIV infection. The establishment of alternative animal models, both primate and small animal models, will greatly facilitate the development of a vaccine for HIV infection.
Rerecurrence 5 Years After Treatment of Recurrent Cutaneous Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jeffrey R. Hamilton, Rupa Parvataneni, Sarah E. Stuart, Mary-Margaret Chren
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Cutaneous basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) that have recurred after previous treatment are considered more difficult to cure compared with primary tumors, with overall 5-year re-recurrence rates reported as high as 15.4%1 for BCC and 5.9% for SCC.2 Few outcomes data exist from prospective studies, but a randomized controlled study in Europe of facial BCCs found that 5-year recurrence rates after excision or Mohs surgery for 397 primary tumors varied from 2.5% to 4.1%, compared with 2.4% to 12.1% for 202 recurrent tumors.3 The generalizability of these results to the United States, to other BCCs and SCCs, and after treatments delivered in the community is not clear. We sought to determine the 5-year recurrence rate after treatment of a consecutive cohort of BCCs and SCCs already recurrent at presentation.
RELATION OF SYMPTOM-ONSET-TO-BALLOON TIME AND LONG-TERM MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH DRUG-ELUTING STENTS
Authors: Jae-Sik Jang, Han Young Jin, Young-Wan Jo, Jeong-Sook Seo, Tae-Hyun Yang, Dae-Kyeong Kim, Dong-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A TWELVE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF NEW YORK NARCOTIC ADDICTS: I. THE RELATION OF TREATMENT TO OUTCOME
Authors: GEORGE E. VAILLANT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1966)

A group of 100 male New York City addicts admitted to the USPHS Hospital at Lexington, Ky., between August 1952 and January 1953 were followed until 1965. Ninety-four percent were successfully followed for at least ten years; 75 percent of the patients were volunteers. The majority of the patients had begun the illegal use of drugs in late adolescence and had been considered antisocial—although they were not imprisoned—prior to Lexington. Most of the patients had been severely addicted prior to Lexington, and after Lexington 90 percent of the sample relapsed to use of narcotics and over 90 percent received jail sentences. Nevertheless, at time of last contact, 46 percent of the sample were off drugs and in the community. Thirty percent had been abstinent for the last 3 to 12 years. The length of short-term abstinence after Lexington appeared to be correlated with the length of hospitalization. More dramatic, however, were the findings that 96 percent of all addicts who sought voluntary hospitalization for their addiction relapsed within a year and that 67 percent of those who received at least nine months of imprisonment and a year of parole were abstinent for a year or more. The most significant variable in determining abstinence in the confirmed addict appeared to be the presence or absence of constructive but enforced compulsory supervision. The writer believes that both prison sentences without provision for parole and purely voluntary programs are often contraindicated in the treatment of urban addiction.
Case Records and the Classification of Disease
Authors: Manuel Varela
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 September 1991Case Records and the Classification of DiseaseManuel Varela, MDManuel Varela, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-6-500_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:As Dr. Reiser has pointed out (1), "the clinical case record freezes in time that episode in life called illness." However, not only the case record but the entire categorical system on which our clinical practice stands is based on the concept of illness as an entity. We study, diagnose, and try to cure diseases, and we can hardly imagine our practice without this intellectual tool. At least since Sydenhamm, we have tended to conceive of disease as an entity with real existence, an entity that affects patients and produces a qualitative change that transforms the basal...References1. Reiser S. The clinical record in medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:902-7, 980-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Faber K. Nosography. New York: Paul B. Hoeber Inc.; 1930:59-70. Google Scholar3. Burrows B. An overview of obstructive lung disease. Med Clin North Am. 1981;65:455. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Maseri A. Angina pectoris: expanded concepts. Adv Intern Med. 1987;32:68. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital de Mostoles Madrid Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1991Volume 115, Issue 6Page: 500-500 Issue Published: 15 September 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Complications of ascending phlebography of the leg.
Authors: M L Thomas, L M MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Forty patients were studied prospectively for complications of ascending phlebography. The commonest immediate complication was pain at the site of injection and the commonest delayed complication pain in the foot or calf. Out of 30 patients with pain in the foot and calf, 15 had venous thrombosis. Review of 200 case notes disclosed only one recorded complication--namely, necrosis of the dorsal skin of the foot. Complications of the procedure reported by referring clinicians over 10 years comprised four cases of necrosis of the dorsum of the foot and two of gangrene of the foot, in one of which the gangrene spread to the leg. Major complications of ascending phlebography are rare, though when they occur may cause serious morbidity. If a scrupulous technique is used contrast phlebography remains the most accurate method of diagnosing venous disease of the leg.