tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1643: MicroRNA processing genes and implications for complex traits
Authors: Eric R. Gamazon, Hae Kyung Im, Bonnie LaCroix, Dana Ziliak, R. Stephanie Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Given the fundamental role of microRNA (miRNA) expression in physiological, developmental and pathological processes, we hypothesize that genes involved in miRNA biogenesis and processing are also important in human complex traits. We identified fifty two such genes and evaluated their expression for their roles in cellular growth and sensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents in a set of 120 International HapMap cell lines. Gene expression data were obtained through microarray-based gene expression profiling (Affymetrix GeneChip® Human Exon 1.0 ST array) and high-throughput sequencing of the transcriptome (RNA-Seq); data on sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs carboplatin, cisplatin, daunorubicin and etoposide were queried using a publicly available pharmacogenomics resource we developed (www.PACdb.org). We found 14 (27%) and 24 (47%) of these miRNA processing gene expression correlated with cellular growth rate and at least one of the 4 chemotherapeutic sensitivities, respectively. Regression analysis for expression between miRNA processing genes and genome-wide miRNAs (quantified using Exiqon miRCURYTM LNA arrays) suggests that the miRNA processing genes affect miRNAs and downstream target genes, leading to complex traits variability. Furthermore, from the results of genome-wide association studies we conducted between genetic variations (in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs)) and miRNA processing genes, we demonstrated that genetic variations that affect the expression of these miRNA processing genes as potential expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) also have downstream effects on human complex phenotypes, including cellular growth, sensitivity to chemotherapy and disease susceptibility. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1643. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1643
HPV Communication: Review of Existing Research and Recommendations for Patient Education
Authors: R. Anhang, A. Goodman, S. J. Goldie
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2004)

The potential for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing in cervical cancer prevention programs has been a topic at the forefront of cervical cancer policy discussions in recent years. To prevent some of the anxiety and psychological distress often experienced on HPV diagnosis and during the period of management, mass patient education must accompany the incorporation of HPV DNA testing into screening protocols. To contribute to a growing body of work that provides an empiric basis for development of effective counseling messages about HPV and HPV testing, this paper highlights women's most common information gaps and psychosocial concerns and describes the different perspectives offered by women's usual sources of information about HPV, including the crucial role of the clinical community in creating a shared decision making environment in which screening decisions and results can be discussed.
Evolutionary and Functional Analyses of the Interaction between the Myeloid Restriction Factor SAMHD1 and the Lentiviral Vpx Protein
Authors: Nadine Laguette, Nadia Rahm, Bijan Sobhian, Christine Chable-Bessia, Jan Münch, Joke Snoeck, Daniel Sauter, William M. Switzer, Walid Heneine, Frank Kirchhoff, Frédéric Delsuc, Amalio Telenti, Monsef Benkirane
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
Prostaglandin E <sub>2</sub> Primes the Angiogenic Switch via a Synergic Interaction With the Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Pathway
Authors: Federica Finetti, Sandra Donnini, Antonio Giachetti, Lucia Morbidelli, Marina Ziche
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

Prostaglandin (PG)E(2) exerts temporally distinct actions on blood vessels, immediate vasodilatation, and long-term activation of angiogenesis.To study the mechanism of PGE(2) induction of angiogenesis, we characterized its effect on fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 signaling in cultured endothelial cells and in ex vivo and in vivo assays of blood vessel formation.Using Western blotting assay, we demonstrated that PGE(2) induced upregulation of components of the FGF-2 pathway: FGF-2 protein, phosphorylation of FGF receptor type 1 (FGFR1), activation of FRS2alpha (FGFR substrate 2alpha), phospholipase Cgamma, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and the transcription factor STAT-3. Synergism between PGE(2) and FGF-2 promoted endothelial cell proliferation and robust angiogenesis in vivo, in rabbit cornea and Matrigel assays. The magnitude of the angiogenic response to PGE(2) was directly related to FGF-2 availability which determined the extent of FGFR1 activation. In fact, PGE(2) induction of angiogenesis in vitro was impaired in FGF-2(-/-) endothelial cells and FGFR1 blockade abrogated PGE(2) action on the endothelium, preventing the activation of FGF-2 signaling.We propose a model for the angiogenic switch based on the autocrine/paracrine FGF-2/FGFR1 activation by PGE(2) and FGF-2 synergistic interaction. The synergism between the PGE(2) and FGF-2 signaling pathways here described may explain the mechanism of action of drug combinations, the most notable being cyclooxygenase inhibitors with growth factors or growth factor receptor inhibitors.
Molecular predictors of response to decitabine in advanced chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: a phase 2 trial
Authors: Thorsten Braun, Raphael Itzykson, Aline Renneville, Benoit de Renzis, François Dreyfus, Kamel Laribi, Krimo Bouabdallah, Norbert Vey, Andrea Toma, Christian Recher, Bruno Royer, Bertrand Joly, Anne Vekhoff, Ingrid Lafon, Laurence Sanhes, Guillaume Meurice, Cédric Oréar, Claude Preudhomme, Claude Gardin, Lionel Ades, Michaela Fontenay, Pierre Fenaux, Nathalie Droin, Eric Solary
Journal: Blood (2011)
The ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) Lipid Trial
Authors: Henry N. Ginsberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is increased severalfold in most patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly patients who are older and have other risk factors (1,2). These associated risk factors include hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Diabetic dyslipidemia, which has also been called atherogenic dyslipidemia (a term that describes the lipid abnormalities in people with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes), is characterized by elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, low levels of HDL cholesterol, and smaller cholesterol ester–depleted LDL (3). Despite the fact that statins, which mainly lower blood levels of LDL cholesterol, have the same relative effectiveness in type 2 diabetic patients as in nondiabetic subjects, absolute rates of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events remained higher in patients with diabetes who participated in all of the statin trials (4,5). These findings have raised interest in the use of combination therapy, particularly the combination of a statin plus a drug that would lower plasma TG levels and raise plasma HDL cholesterol levels.

ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) was specifically designed to determine the effects of intensive treatment of blood glucose, and either blood pressure (ACCORD Blood Pressure) or plasma lipids (ACCORD Lipid), on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes who were at high risk of such an outcome (6). The ACCORD Lipid trial tested the hypothesis that treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes with fenofibrate to increase plasma HDL cholesterol levels and reduce plasma TG concentrations, on the …
Influence of Formulation Vehicle on Metronomic Taxane Chemotherapy: Albumin-Bound versus Cremophor EL–Based Paclitaxel
Authors: Sylvia S.W. Ng, Alex Sparreboom, Yuval Shaked, Christina Lee, Shan Man, Neil Desai, Patrick Soon-Shiong, William D. Figg, Robert S. Kerbel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Low-dose metronomic chemotherapy treatments, especially when combined with ‘dedicated’ antiangiogenic agents, can induce significant antitumor activity without serious toxicity in various preclinical models. It remains unclear, however, whether some cytotoxic drugs are better suited for metronomic regimens than others. Paclitaxel appears to be a strong candidate for metronomic chemotherapy given its ability to inhibit endothelial cell functions relevant to angiogenesis in vitro at extraordinarily low concentrations and broad-spectrum antitumor activity. Clinically relevant concentrations of the formulation vehicle cremophor EL in Taxol, however, were previously reported to nullify the antiangiogenic effect of paclitaxel, the result of which would hamper its usefulness in metronomic regimens. We hypothesized that ABI-007, a cremophor EL–free, albumin-bound, 130-nm form of paclitaxel, could potentially alleviate this problem. Experimental Design: The antiangiogenic activity of ABI-007 was assessed by multiple in vitro assays. The in vivo optimal dose of ABI-007 for metronomic chemotherapy was determined by measuring circulating endothelial progenitors in peripheral blood. The antitumor effects of metronomic and maximum tolerated dose ABI-007 and Taxol were then evaluated and compared in severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing human MDA-MD-231 breast cancer and PC3 prostate cancer xenografts. Results: ABI-007 significantly inhibited rat aortic microvessel outgrowth, human endothelial cell proliferation, and tube formation. The optimal metronomic dose of ABI-007 was determined to be between 3 and 10 mg/kg. Metronomic ABI-007 but not Taxol, significantly suppressed tumor growth in both xenograft models. Furthermore, the antitumor effect of minimally toxic metronomic ABI-007 approximated that of the maximum tolerated dose of Taxol. Conclusions: Our results underscore the influence of formulation vehicles on the selection of cytotoxic drugs for metronomic chemotherapy.
Advances in Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Gerard A. Kaiser
Journal: JAMA (1974)

This small monograph probably represents the most valuable statement available today of the problems of cardiovascular surgery. Although describing himself in the foreword as "generally unenthusiastic about books with multiple authors," Dr. Kirklin has chosen well and has brought his own editorial expertise in precise, lucid, orderly, and uncluttered presentation to bear on the contributions of 22 other leading contemporary pioneers in cardiovascular surgery. Several chapters describing management of complex congenital heart lesions are written conjointly by authoritative cardiologists and surgeons, and provide perspective and detail that might otherwise have been lacking. This monograph is not an exhaustive review of the literature. Authors present their own approaches and methods with adequate but not belabored supportive, descriptive, and comparative statistical data. Bibliographies accompanying each chapter are useful, for the most part brief, and provide a good balance between classic and current reference sources. Repetition has been avoided by careful editing. Illustrations,
Daily multivitamin supplements did not reduce risk for major CV events over &gt; 10 years in men
Authors: Kathleen M. Fairfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Sesso HD, Christen WG, Bubes V, et al. Multivitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: The Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2012;308:1751-60. 23117775
Turning the Page
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
889 HFE ACTS IN HEPATOCYTES TO PREVENT HEMOCHROMATOSIS
Authors: T. Herrmann, J. Kiss, M. Vujic Spasic, B. Galy, S. Martinache, J. Stolte, H.-J. Groene, M.W. Hentze, M.U. Muckenthaler, W. Stremmel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
KAOLIN GRANULOMA OF THE STOMACH
Authors: ALLAN L. COHN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The harmful effects on the human body of silica and certain silicates have been known for many years. While references to the lesions in the lung are numerous and the changes caused by silicates in the muscle, peritoneum and serosa have been described, there have to our knowledge never been recorded the pathologic results of the silica group in the human stomach.  We present herewith a case of granuloma of the stomach which followed ingestion of medication containing colloidal kaolin (hydrated aluminum silicate, Al2Si3O8+ 5H2O) together with the results of preliminary experiments in rabbit stomachs using the same medicinal preparation.  PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS CAUSED BY SILICA AND SILICATES  Silica and certain silicates cause characteristic reactions in tissue. This is a proliferative type of reaction in which there are nodules with mononuclear or giant cells enveloped by a fibrous tissue beyond which are scattered lymphocytes.
Comparison of Effects of Long-term Corticotrophin and Corticosteroid Treatment on Responses of Plasma Growth Hormone, ACTH, and Corticosteroid to Hypoglycaemia
Authors: J. R. Daly, M. R. Fletcher, D. Glass, D. J. Chambers, L. Bitensky, J. Chayen
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The development of the highly sensitive cytochemical bioassay for ACTH has permitted the measurement of plasma ACTH levels during the insulin hypoglycaemia test (I.H.T.) in patients treated with corticosteroids and corticotrophin. The ACTH, corticosteroid, and growth hormone (GH) responses in the I.H.T. were measured in three groups of 12 rheumatoid arthritis patients. One group was receiving long-term corticotrophin treatment, the second was undergoing long-term corticosteroid treatment, and the third had never received systemic hormone therapy. The increments in plasma ACTH, corticosteroids, and GH were diminished in the corticosteroid-treated group, as were increments in plasma GH and ACTH in the corticotrophin-treated group; but in this group the corticosteroid increment was normal. Examination of the area under the curve of the ACTH response showed that the total amount of ACTH secreted was normal though the rate of secretion was reduced. In the corticosteroid-treated group both rate and total secretion were diminished.
Srcasm Inhibits Fyn-Induced Cutaneous Carcinogenesis with Modulation of Notch1 and p53
Authors: Liang Zhao, Weijie Li, Christine Marshall, Thomas Griffin, Matthew Hanson, Ryan Hick, Tzvete Dentchev, Erik Williams, Adrienne Werth, Christopher Miller, Hasan Bashir, Warren Pear, John T. Seykora
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Src family tyrosine kinases (SFK) regulate cell proliferation, and increased SFK activity is common in human carcinomas, including cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and its precursors. The elevated SFK activity in cutaneous SCCs was modeled using K14-Fyn Y528F transgenic mice, which spontaneously form punctate keratotic lesions, scaly plaques, and large tumors resembling actinic keratoses, SCC in situ, and SCCs, respectively. Lesional tissue showed increased levels of activated SFKs, PDK1, STAT3, and ERK1/2, whereas Notch1/NICD protein and transcript levels were decreased. p53 levels also were decreased in SCC in situ and SCCs. Increasing Srcasm levels using a K14-Fyn Y528F/K14-Srcasm double transgenic model markedly inhibited cutaneous neoplasia. In contrast, increased expression of a nonphosphorylatable Srcasm mutant maintained the neoplastic phenotype. Increasing Srcasm levels decreased levels of Fyn, activated SFKs, ERK1/2, PDK1, and phospho-STAT3, and increased Notch1/NICD and p53 levels. Analysis of human specimens revealed that levels of Fyn and activated SFKs were elevated in SCCs compared with adjacent nonlesional epidermis. In addition, Notch1 and Srcasm protein and transcript levels were decreased in human SCCs compared with nonlesional epidermis. Therefore, the SCCs produced by the Fyn Y528F mice resemble their human counterparts at the molecular level. K14-Fyn Y528F mice represent a robust model of cutaneous carcinogenesis that manifests precancerous lesions and SCCs resembling human disease. The Fyn/Srcasm signaling nexus modulates activity of STAT3, PDK1, ERK1/2, Notch1, and p53. Further study of Fyn and Srcasm should provide insights into the mechanisms regulating keratinocyte proliferation and skin carcinogenesis.
Introduction: Epidemiologic research and prevention of occupational cancer in Europe.
Authors: P Boffetta, M Kogevinas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Research on occupational cancer epidemiology has been an important area of occupational health in Europe since the early studies were conducted in the United Kingdom in the 1950s and 1960s. During the last decade, occupational cancer research in Europe has gained an international dimension and become increasingly interdisciplinary in nature. At present, occupational exposures might be responsible for 13 to 18% of lung cancers, 2 to 10% of bladder cancers, and 2 to 8% of laryngeal cancers in European men; among women these figures are 1 to 5%, 0 to 5%, and 0 to 1%, respectively. A notable aspect of current occupational cancer research in Europe is the decreasing importance of traditional circumstances of high exposure to recognized occupational carcinogens and the increasing importance of new industries, mainly in the service sector where possible cancer hazards are poorly known. In addition, the political changes in Central and Eastern Europe open new possibilities for the investigation of high-exposure circumstances and occupational cancer in women.
Primary liver cell cancer in autoimmune chronic liver disease.
Authors: A K Burroughs, M F Bassendine, H C Thomas, S Sherlock
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The effects of exogenously administered rIL-1 alpha on elimination of viable listeriae from the liver and spleen during the course of a primary Listeria monocytogenes infection was studied. Similar numbers of L. monocytogenes were recovered from rIL-1 alpha-treated and control mice at up to 24 h after infection; however, by 48 h after infection more than 1 log10 fewer viable L. monocytogenes were recovered from the spleens of rIL-1 alpha-treated mice than from Listeria-infected controls. The difference in bacterial burden between IL-1 alpha-treated and control mice increased with time; by 7 days after infection viable L. monocytogenes had been eliminated from most rIL-1 alpha-treated mice, whereas control mice still harbored 10(4) to 10(5) L. monocytogenes per spleen and liver. Histopathologic examination confirmed that rIL-1 alpha-treated mice suffered considerably less damage to the spleen, liver, lung, and brain than did control mice. To determine whether rIL-1 alpha-mediated protection indirectly by augmenting the release of other cytokines, we determined serum levels of colony-stimulating activity and IFN activity in rIL-1 alpha-treated and control Listeria-infected mice. Treatment with rIL-alpha elicited an early burst of serum colony-stimulating activity as compared with sera from Listeria-infected control mice. These data suggest that exogenous administration of rIL-1 initiates release of colony-stimulating activity, and perhaps other cytokines, that accelerate the protective response of the infected host. Prophylactic augmentation of antimicrobial resistance by administration of rIL-1 alpha may be worthy of further evaluation.
Drug Therapy of Hyperlipoproteinemia
Authors: Robert I. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1976)

MANAGEMENT of hyperlipoproteinemia has been advanced considerably in recent years through new insights into lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, as well as into the mode of action of hypolipidemic drugs.<sup>1</sup>A variety of highly effective lipid levellowering drugs is now available.<sup>2</sup>Because of the heterogeneity of the hyperlipoproteinemias, no single drug is useful in all the disorders. We now know that elevated lipid levels are the result of increased production or decreased removal of specific lipoproteins. Thus, the efficacy of a specific drug is determined by its effect on production or removal of the lipoproteins present in excess in each type of hyperlipoproteinemia.<sup>3</sup> Hypolipidemic drugs can control hyperlipoproteinemia by one of two
Bacteriologic Studies of Long-Term Convalescent Carriers of Cholera Vibrios.
Authors: Nathanial F. Pierce
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Bacteriologic Studies of Long-Term Convalescent Carriers of Cholera Vibrios.Nathanial F. Pierce, M.D., John B. Banwell, D.M., Sherwood I. Gorbach, M.D., Rupak C. Mitra, M.B.B.S.Nathanial F. Pierce, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John B. Banwell, D.M.Search for more papers by this author, Sherwood I. Gorbach, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Rupak C. Mitra, M.B.B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1091_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPatients convalescent from acute bacteriologically proved cholera were studied to determine if any became long-term carriers ofVibrio cholerae. Eighty-one patients in early convalescence were given magnesium sulfate purge after three consecutive daily stool cultures had been negative forV. cholerae. Culture of the liquid stool thus obtained was positive in three patients (3.7%). These three were studied repeatedly for 150 to 404 days to determine the duration and bacteriologic characteristics of the convalescent carrier state. These carriers harbored vibrios from 60 to 331 days. During this period routine stool cultures were usually negative (33 to 36 negative); however, vibrios... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland Calcutta India PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1091-1091KeywordsCholeraConvalescenceMagnesiumSulfatesVibrioVibrio cholerae Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Collaboration is key to preventing syphilis
Authors: K. A Fenton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—The letter by Clark et al about the epidemiological data represented in our paper on the resurgence of infectious syphilis implies that we did not consult with local colleagues in preparing our paper and that the situation in Manchester has thereby been “misrepresented” to the detriment of the genitourinary medicine clinics dealing with the increased workload. 1 2 In fact the collaboration between the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre and colleagues in genitourinary medicine on the frontline was close and …