tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fungal contamination of bacteriological swabs.
Authors: R H George
Journal: BMJ (1972)

dialysis and non-dialysis group were com- parable for age and sex and whether the apparent differences in small numbers of patients was statistically significant.We studied the immediate effect of dialysis and found no significant difference in the peak acid output measured in the same 14 patients before and after dialysis,2 but on reviewing our data we find that the basal acid output was significantly reduced after dialysis (P<O.05).The peak acid output measures the parietal cell mass and perhaps its sensitivity to pentagastrin, but the changes in basal acid output, though less reproduceable, may reflect the changes in urea and electrolytes produced by dialysis.-Iam, etc.,
Thousands of elderly people face abuse, says Commons report
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Tighter controls need to be put in place to ensure the safety of elderly people, says a Commons report. It estimates that as many as 500 000 elderly people in England are currently being abused by relatives, carers, or strangers.

Although the public is more aware than ever of child abuse and the measures that have been introduced to try to protect children, abuse of elderly people remains overlooked, says the House of Commons Health Committee.

“Our inquiry found that much abuse of older people is not reported because many older people are unable, frightened or embarrassed to report its presence,” says the Committee's report.

“Often carers take no action because they lack training in identifying abuse or are ignorant of the reporting procedure. The lack of reporting results in difficulties in determining the true scale of the problem and this is compounded by lack of research.”

Abuse takes …
Detection of circulating IgG aggregates and immune complexes using 125I protein A from Staphylococcus aureus.
Authors: R Hällgren, L Wide
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

A method for detection of circulating immune complexes by the use of 125I labelled staphylococcal protein A is described. In a polyethylene glycol solution as little as 1-2 mg/l of soluble heat aggregated human IgG could be quantitated. Variables which might influence the assay were examined. Separation of immune complexes in serum from monomeric IgG was essential and achieved by gel chromatography on Sephadex G200. This assay may be suitable for clinical routine for detection and quantitation of immune complexes. A preliminary study on the clinical application of the method is presented. 58% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 42% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis had increased levels of immune aggregates in serum compared to a group of healthy individuals.
A Treatment for Hiccups
Authors: Steven Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  Hiccups are a common and annoying symptom for which many remedies have been tried without consistent success. 1,2 Stimulation of the nasopharynx with a plastic or rubber suction catheter was reported as successful in 84 of 85 patients. 2 Although this is an impressive rate, this is a procedure that may be at least mildly unpleasant and would require the availability of such a catheter and a certain degree of medical expertise. In addition, suction of secretions is sometimes required to achieve optimal results.  During the past 12 years, I have had occasion to use a simpler procedure that involves oropharyngeal stimulation and that has been almost 100% successful in the dozen or so persons in whom it has been attempted. It involves no special medical equipment and can easily be performed at home by a layperson who is trying to help a friend or relative suffering
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: Augustus P. Clarke
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am<i>not</i>in favor of the removal ofThe Journalfrom Chicago to Washington, because I feel confident that such a measure, if carried out, would be a rash one, and would prove to be a serious detriment to the future prosperity ofThe Journal. The permanent establishment ofThe Journalat Chicago, and the selection of Dr. Davis as its editor-in-chief, gave indications of a grand success in the development of medical knowledge and practice, and in the evolution of a journal that should be second to none in this country, if not in the whole civilized world, and of a journal that all fair-minded persons would regard as worthy of its distinguishing title, "Our National Medical Journal." That these anticipations have been largely met there can be no question. We have ample proof thatThe Journalhas been extensively read, and the reports of
Endoscopic Resection of a Large Pedunculated Colonic Polyp Using an Insulated-Tip Diathermy Knife
Authors: K. Akahoshi, M. Kubokawa, T. Fujimaru, M. Matsumoto, M. Kimura, H. Akiho, Y. Sumida, M. Oya
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

A large pedunculated polyp was discovered incidentally during colonoscopic examination in a 70-year-old Japanese woman. She had undergone the examination after a positive fecal occult blood test. The polyp was located in the sigmoid colon and had a long stalk and a large head. Its removal was considered to be technically demanding because the head of the polyp nearly occluded the lumen of the colon, making it difficult to maneuver a snare over the polyp. The stalk of the polyp was fully visible, however, and we attempted endoscopic resection using an insulated-tip diathermy knife (KD-610L; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) (Figure [1]). First, we applied a long clip (HX-600 - 090L; Olympus) to the base of the stalk, close to the colonic wall, in order to prevent polypectomy-associated bleeding. The polyp stalk was then cut about 8 mm above the clip using the insulated-tip diathermy knife (Figure [2]). Pure cutting current was used. No hemorrhage, perforation, or other complication occurred. Histological evaluation of the resection specimen revealed a serrated adenoma.
Influence of increased glucose concentration and temperature on contractile activity of rat papillary muscles during and after anoxia
Authors: E. E. MARTINEZ, D. E. JEWITT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article Influence of increased glucose concentration and temperature on contractile activity of rat papillary muscles during and after anoxia Get access EULOGIO E. MARTINEZ, EULOGIO E. MARTINEZ 2 From the MRC Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 2Permanent address: Escola Paulista de Medicina-Departmento de Clinica Medica-Cardiologia, Rua Botucatu 720, 04023, Vila Clementino. Sao Paulo. Brazil. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID E. JEWITT DAVID E. JEWITT From the MRC Cardiovascular Research Unit, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 1975, Pages 201–211, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.2.201 Published: 01 March 1975
Diaphragmatic Motion During Cheyne-Stokes Respiration by Navigator Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Frederick L. Ruberg, Kraig V. Kissinger, Warren J. Manning
Journal: Circulation (2005)

A 66-year-old man with a history of cardiomyopathy was referred for cardiac MRI to evaluate ventricular function and coronary anatomy.Functional MRI studies demonstrated mildly depressed left ventricular systolic function and an ejection fraction of 48% (normal Ͼ59%).Coronary MRI was performed during free breathing with a diaphragmatic navigator positioned at the dome of the right hemidiaphragm.While the patient was sleeping, navigator monitoring (Figure) of diaphrag-matic position demonstrated periods of apnea (A) alternating with periods of rapid breathing (RB) in a crescendo-decrescendo pattern of ventilation diagnostic of Cheyne-Stokes respiration.Cheyne-Stokes respiration, typically diagnosed by polysomnography and overnight oximety, is more commonly observed in NYHA class III-IV heart failure, results in sleep fragmentation, and is thought to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Hemoglobin Rahere, a human hemoglobin variant with amino acid substitution at the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate binding site. Functional consequences of the alteration and effects of bezafibrate on the oxygen bindings.
Authors: J Sugihara, T Imamura, S Nagafuchi, J Bonaventura, C Bonaventura, R Cashon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

We encountered an abnormal hemoglobin (Rahere), with a threonine residue replacing the beta 82 (EF6) lysine residue at the binding site of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, which was responsible for overt erythrocytosis in two individuals of a Japanese family. Hemoglobin Rahere shows a lower oxygen affinity on the binding of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate or chloride ions than hemoglobin A. Although a decrease in the positive charge density at the binding sites of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in hemoglobin Rahere apparently shifts the allosteric equilibrium toward the low affinity state, it greatly diminishes the cofactor effects by anions. The oxygen affinity of the patient's erythrocytes is substantially lowered by the presence of bezafibrate, which combines with sites different from those of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in either hemoglobin Rahere or hemoglobin A.
Treating failed asylum seekers in the NHS
Authors: C. Newdick
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Is humane, but puts pressure on finite resources

The recent Court of Appeal judgment on the Palestinian asylum seeker identified as YA raises difficult questions about the rights of failed asylum seekers to free NHS care.1 Asylum claims often involve appalling human tragedy and claimants may need medical treatment. Every doctor’s instinct will be to cater for their needs.2 And there are good public health reasons for doing so to protect the wider community. However, the NHS Act 2006 restricts free care to those who are “ordinarily resident” here.3 If treatment is refused, the consequences can be dire. Last year, University College Hospital, Cardiff, refused long term treatment to Ama Sumani, a Ghanaian woman with multiple myeloma. Once her condition had stabilised, she was returned home where limited treatment was available. There was understandable outrage when she died two months later.4

But this is not just about single cases. The NHS cannot provide an international service and a balance exists between common humanity and the duty of solidarity to NHS patients. In 2005, the National Audit Office estimated that about 283 000 failed asylum seekers were living in the United Kingdom.5 …
Dosimetric Determination of 1-131 Activity in the Treatment of Recurrent, Nontoxic, Multinodular Goiter
Authors: CHARLES J. BAREIS, DAVID L. BUSHNELL, GARY E. KAUFMAN, MARIO SPARAGANA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Although surgical treatment of nontoxic multinodular goiter remains the most effective therapy, 1–131 is a reasonable alternative in cases where thyroidectomy is not appropriate. Selection of 1–131 activity in the management of nontoxic multinodular goiter has largely been empirical. The use of dosimetric measurements in guiding 1–131 therapy in the treatment of a patient with a recurrent, nontoxic, multinodular goiter is described.
Procaterol Suppresses Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of Bronchial Epithelial Cells Induced By Eosinophils
Authors: Keigo Kainuma, Takao Fujisawa, Koa Hosoki, Masaaki Toda, Etsuko Harada, A.L. Chelakkot-Govindalayathila, C.N. D'Alessandro-Gabazza, E.C. Gabazza
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
High Court upholds suspension of doctor whose failings as expert witness were "serious and dangerous"
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A consultant psychiatrist whose conduct as an expert witness in a murder trial was “outstandingly bad” has lost his High Court appeal against a decision by the General Medical Council to suspend him from practice for four months.

Mr Justice Ouseley said that Anantha Kumar’s failings as a witness for the defence in the case of Andrew Day, who stabbed his girlfriend to death, were “many, serious, and dangerous.”

Kumar, who had never given evidence at a homicide trial before, prepared a report after interviewing Day and reading his interview with police. He concluded that Day lacked the intent to commit murder and had a condition called intermittent explosive disorder.

The …
Integrated FDG-PET/CT does not make invasive staging of the intrathoracic lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer redundant: a prospective study
Authors: K G Tournoy, S Maddens, R Gosselin, G Van Maele, J P van Meerbeeck, A Kelles
Journal: Thorax (2007)

<b>Background:</b> Staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is important for determining choice of treatment and prognosis. The accuracy of FDG-PET scans for staging of lymph nodes is too low to replace invasive nodal staging. It is unknown whether the accuracy of integrated FDG-PET/CT scanning makes invasive staging redundant. <b>Methods:</b> In a prospective study, the mediastinal and/or hilar lymph nodes in patients with proven NSCLC were investigated with integrated FDG-PET/CT scanning. Pathological confirmation of all suspect lymph nodes was obtained to calculate the accuracy of the fusion images. In addition, the use of the standardised uptake value (SUV) in the staging of intrathoracic lymph nodes was analysed. <b>Results:</b> 105 intrathoracic lymph node stations from 52 patients with NSCLC were characterised. The prevalence of malignancy in the lymph nodes was 36%. The sensitivity of the integrated FDG-PET/CT scan to detect malignant lymph nodes was 84% and its specificity was 85% (positive likelihood ratio 5.64, negative likelihood ratio 0.19). SUV<sub>max</sub>, SUV<sub>mean</sub> and the SUV<sub>max</sub>/SUV<sub>liver</sub> ratio were all significantly higher in malignant than in benign lymph nodes. The area under the receiver operating curve did not differ between these three quantitative variables, but the highest accuracy was found with the SUV<sub>max</sub>/SUV<sub>liver</sub> ratio. At a cut-off value of 1.5 for the SUV<sub>max</sub>/SUV<sub>liver </sub>ratio, the sensitivity and specificity to detect malignant lymph node invasion were 82% and 93%, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> The accuracy of integrated FDG-PET/CT scanning is too low to replace invasive intrathoracic lymph node staging in patients with NSCLC. The visual interpretation of the fusion images of the integrated FDG-PET/CT scan can be replaced by the quantitative variable SUV<sub>max</sub>/SUV<sub>liver</sub> without loss of accuracy for intrathoracic lymph node staging.
Epidemic Faintness and Syncope in a School Marching Band
Authors: Richard J. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1977)

On Sept 21, 1973, during and following a football game at which they had participated, 57 members of an Alabama high school marching band (and one accompanying adult) experienced an illness characterized by headache, nausea, weakness, or dizziness. Six girls fainted. Thirty-six students were treated at a hospital emergency room. Those who had played wind instruments and had worn heavier uniforms including an impermeable plastic jacket overlay were affected earlier and more frequently than the others. Several organic causes were examined in an epidemiologic investigation and considered unlikely to explain the epidemic. Female preponderance, a bimodal epidemic curve, hyperventilation, relapses, and clinical features characterized by subjective complaints in the absence of physical findings suggested a syncopal reaction to heat exacerbated and propagated by mass hysteria.
Sodium susceptibility and potassium effects in young patients with borderline hypertension.
Authors: T Fujita, H Noda, K Ando
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To evaluate sodium susceptibility in subjects with borderline hypertension at increased risk of developing essential hypertension, the effect of salt loading after sodium deprivation with a diuretic was studied in 21 young patients with borderline hypertension and 12 age-matched normal subjects. Treatment with a diuretic caused significant decreases in mean blood pressure (MBP) in subjects with borderline hypertension but not in normotensive subjects. In borderline hypertensives, the subsequent sodium loads resulted in a significant rise in MBP (5.8 +/- 1.7%; p less than .01), but sodium did not change MBP in normotensives. There is a good correlation between the increments in MBP with sodium loads and the decrements in MBP with a diuretic for each patient (r = -.759, p less than .001). After diuretics, cardiac index (CI) as measured echocardiographically fell significantly but calculated total peripheral resistance (TPR) remained unchanged in subjects with borderline hypertension. After 180 meq sodium chloride each day was added for 7 days, CI (9.1 +/- 2.1%; p less than .01) and stroke index (21.0 +/- 3.4%; p less than .01) rose significantly but TPR remained unchanged. Overall, the increments of MBP with sodium loads did not correlate with the changes in CI but did correlate with the changes in TPR (r = .567, p less than .01). In these young patients with borderline hypertension, plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations and plasma renin activity (PRA) were significantly higher than in normotensive subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Legal Psychiatry in Massachusetts: Another Step Forward
Authors: William J. Curran
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

MASSACHUSETTS has been a national leader in the field of legal psychiatry for many years, at least since the passage of the so-called Briggs Law in 1921.1 , 2 The State has also pioneered in the development of psychiatric court clinics attached to the criminal courts. The state program was greatly accelerated in 1966 with the passage of the Community Mental Health and Mental Betardation Act,3 which reorganized the Department of Mental Health and set up 37 area mental-health boards and seven regional organizations. Along with regional directors for mental health and mental retardation, the 1966 Act established regional administrators for legal . . .
FEASIBILITY OF REAL-TIME 3D STRESS CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND AGREEMENT WITH 2D STRESS CONTRAST ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Constantina Aggeli, John Felekos, Konstantinos Lampropoulos, Georgios Roussakis, Christina Kazazaki, Stavroula Lagoudakou, Emmanouil Poulidakis, Christos Pitsavos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Machine understanding of facial expression of pain
Authors: Maja Pantic, Leon J. M. Rothkrantz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

An automated system for monitoring facial expressions could increase the reliability, sensitivity, and precision of the research on the relationship between facial signs and experiences of pain, and it could lead to new insights and diagnostic methods. This commentary examines whether the research on facial expression of pain, as reported by Williams, provides a sufficient basis for machine understanding of pain-associated facial expressions.
Severe Local Toxicity after Lung Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy: Lesional Abscess Leading to Bronchocutaneous Fistula Requiring Surgical Marsupialization
Authors: Neil M. Woody, Toufik Djemil, David J. Adelstein, David P. Mason, Thomas W. Rice, Gregory M.M. Videtic
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Thomas Boyd Stirling
Authors: I. Stirling, A. Stirling, F. Stirling, D. Wells
Journal: BMJ (2010)

House jobs in Hallam Hospital, West Bromwich, led Thomas Boyd Stirling (“Boyd”) on to being senior medical officer in troopships in the Royal Army Medical Corps (1947-9). He returned to join his father, “Dr John,” and spent a 43 year career as a family doctor in Aldridge as “Dr …
Sterol regulatory element binding proteins downregulate LDL receptor-related protein (LRP1) expression and LRP1-mediated aggregated LDL uptake by human macrophages
Authors: V LLORENTECORTES, T ROYO, M OTEROVINAS, M BERROZPE, L BADIMON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

In the extracellular intima, extracellular matrix proteoglycans favor LDL retention and aggregation (agLDL). In contrast to native LDL (nLDL), agLDL induces high intracellular cholesteryl ester (CE) accumulation in macrophages. It has been suggested that LDL receptor-related protein (LRP1) is involved in agLDL binding and internalization by macrophages. The aim of this work was to analyze whether sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) modulate LRP1 expression and LRP1-mediated agLDL uptake by human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM).The treatment of HMDM with small anti-LRP1 interfering RNA (siRNA-LRP1) led to the specific inhibition of LRP1 mRNA expression and also to the inhibition of LRP1 protein expression in these cells. In siRNA-LRP1-treated HMDM, CE accumulation from agLDL uptake (84.66+/-5 microg CE/mg protein) was reduced by 95.76+/-5.22%. This suggests that LRP1 plays a pivotal role in agLDL uptake by HMDM. N-acetyl-leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal (ALLN), an inhibitor of SREBP catabolism, maintained high levels of active SREBP-2 and SREBP-1 even in the presence of nLDL and agLDL. Therefore, ALLN induced LDL receptor (LDLR) upregulation. Concomitantly, a strong downregulation of LRP1 mRNA and LRP1 protein was observed in ALLN-treated macrophages. By decreasing LRP1 expression levels, ALLN reduced CE accumulation from agLDL at all tested concentrations.These results suggest that high levels of active SREBPs downregulate LRP1 expression and intracellular CE accumulation in HMDM.
Daunorubicin Treatment of Methotrexate Pneumonia
Authors: Gaetano Pasquinucci
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A report in The Journal (<b>207</b>:923-928, 1969) suggested a new type of toxic reaction during methotrexate maintenance therapy. This was a frequently occurring pneumonia in 38 of 93 children receiving intermittent methotrexate therapy. In the same year, Clarysse et al later described the disease in seven cases (<b>209</b>:1861, 1969) and defined it as a severe but self-limited respiratory tract illness characterized by fever, cough, dyspnea, cyanosis, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. They suggested that it was due to a hypersensitivity to methotrexate. Schwartz and Kajani (<b>210</b>:1927, 1969) reported two cases in which high dose prednisone treatment resulted in prompt recovery. We should like to report here three cases in whom daunorubicin (daunomycin, rubidomycin) seems to have had beneficial effects. In the first case in August 1968, we assumed that the pulmonary symptoms might be due to a leukemic localization, and treated this patient with daunomycin.