tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DDE, a Degradation Product of DDT, and Duration of Lactation in a Highly Exposed Area of Mexico
Authors: Lea A. Cupul-Uicab, Beth C. Gladen, Mauricio Hernández-Ávila, Jean-Philippe Weber, Matthew P. Longnecker
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Higher levels of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), the major degradation product of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), have been related to shorter duration of breast-feeding in previous studies. If DDE truly shortens lactation, this has public health importance regarding infant mortality and the use of DDT for malaria control.
Abstract 2141: The differential apoptotic responses of normal breast cells versus luminal and triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Jamie L. King, Kashenya M. Gurley, Checo J. Rorie
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer is characterized by the loss or low expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 proteins which have been targeted and established as somewhat effective therapy regiments in other breast cancer subtypes including luminal tumors. Since triple negative tumors are missing these established drug targets, there has been little advancement in the establishment of targets in this breast cancer subtype. Triple negative breast cancer is described as aggressive due to their invasiveness and metastatic properties. One potential mediator of triple negative breast cancer aggressive behavior may be due to the fact this breast cancer subtype may have as high as an 80% p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation rate. While p53 may be mutated at high rates, it may be possible to design drugs to target some of the downstream genes that p53 transactivates, including the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and the pro-apoptotic gene PUMA, in order to inhibit the further growth of the triple negative breast cancer cells. Here, we stressed a normal breast cancer control, luminal subtype, and triple negative subtype cancer cell lines with Actinomycin D, doxorubicin, and staurosporine. We show that all cell lines responded to the various DNA damaging agents via apoptosis as observed by light microscopy and by PARP cleavage using Western blot analysis. Interestingly, the “normal” breast cell line, AG1132, showed a delayed apoptosis response to doxorubicin treatment as compared to the breast cancer cell lines, HCC1806, HCC70, and HCC1500. We are monitoring the p53 tumor suppressor pathway network in all of these cells to determine its integrity and whether there is a direct or indirect involvement of p53 on the apoptosis responses. We are also further analyzing the chemotherapeutic agents to determine their effectiveness in killing breast cancer cells with limited cytotoxic effects to normal breast cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2141. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2141
Spatiotemporal complexity of ventricular fibrillation revealed by tissue mass reduction in isolated swine right ventricle. Further evidence for the quasiperiodic route to chaos hypothesis.
Authors: Y H Kim, A Garfinkel, T Ikeda, T J Wu, C A Athill, J N Weiss, H S Karagueuzian, P S Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We have presented evidence that ventricular fibrillation is deterministic chaos arising from quasiperiodicity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the transition from chaos (ventricular fibrillation, VF) to periodicity (ventricular tachycardia) through quasiperiodicity could be produced by the progressive reduction of tissue mass. In isolated and perfused swine right ventricular free wall, recording of single cell transmembrane potentials and simultaneous mapping (477 bipolar electrodes, 1.6 mm resolution) were performed. The tissue mass was then progressively reduced by sequential cutting. All isolated tissues fibrillated spontaneously. The critical mass to sustain VF was 19.9 +/- 4.2 g. As tissue mass was decreased, the number of wave fronts decreased, the life-span of reentrant wave fronts increased, and the cycle length, the diastolic interval, and the duration of action potential lengthened. There was a parallel decrease in the dynamical complexity of VF as measured by Kolmogorov entropy and Poincaré plots. A period of quasiperiodicity became more evident before the conversion from VF (chaos) to a more regular arrhythmia (periodicity). In conclusion, a decrease in the number of wave fronts in ventricular fibrillation by tissue mass reduction causes a transition from chaotic to periodic dynamics via the quasiperiodic route.
Ferritin synthesis and Iron uptake in developing erythroid cells
Authors: A. M. Konijn, C. Hershko, G. Izak
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract The effect of maturation on ferritin synthesis and iron uptake by erythroid precursor cells was studied in vitro in rabbit bone marrow cells synchronized by actinomycin D. Early mononuclear precursors were compared with basophilic normoblasts and reticulocytes. Apoferritin synthesis was measured by following the incorporation of 3 H‐amino acids into purified ferritin, and this was correlated with total protein synthesis and with radioactive iron uptake by whole cells and radioactive iron incorporation into heme and ferritin. With increasing cellular maturation, a progressive reduction in both apoferritin and total protein synthesis has been observed, undifferentiated cells synthesizing 12 times more protein and 20 times more ferritin than reticulocytes. The rate of ferritin synthesis was inversely related to the rate of radioactive iron uptake by whole cells and radioactive iron incorporation into heme; lowest rates of radioactive uptake and heme synthesis were found in undifferentiated cells, and highest rates in reticulocytes. Radioactive iron incorporation into ferritin was higher in basophilic normoblasts than in undifferentiated cells but was very low in reticulocytes. This sequence of events indicates that in developing erythroid cells the phase of maximal ferritin synthesis precedes the phase of maximal iron uptake. The accumulation of newly formed apoferritin is followed by an increase in cellular iron uptake and an increased retention of iron in ferritin. Finally, with continuing cellular maturation, ferritin iron and iron derived directly from transferrin are utilized for hemoglobin synthesis.
Mast cells and inhalation of asbestos in rats.
Authors: M M Wagner, R E Edwards, C B Moncrieff, J C Wagner
Journal: Thorax (1984)

Mast cell counts were performed on sections taken from the lungs of rats exposed by inhalation to different UICC samples of asbestos fibres for periods ranging from a few days to two years. A comparison of mast cell counts with grades of fibrosis showed that there is a sevenfold increase when there is interlobular linking of the fibrotic lesions (grade 5). Submesothelial mast cells showed a trend of increasing numbers with increasing exposure and with increasing subpleural thickening. Each type of asbestos produced a steady increase in mast cell numbers with increasing exposure. Two samples from animals exposed to chrysotile and two from animals exposed to amphiboles (crocidolite and amosite respectively) had 10 times as many cells as the control group after six and 24 months9 exposure. Another amphibole, anthophyllite, produced 50 times more cells than were present in the control specimen appropriate for the heaviest exposure. These results are briefly discussed in relation to further exposure, smoking, and characteristics of the dusts.
Clinical and Economic Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Percutaneous and Surgical Treatment of Multivessel Coronary Disease Patients
Authors: Alexandre Abizaid, Marco A. Costa, Marinella Centemero, Andrea S. Abizaid, Victor M.G. Legrand, Robert V. Limet, Gerhard Schuler, Friedrich W. Mohr, Wietze Lindeboom, Amanda G.M.R. Sousa, J. Eduardo Sousa, Ben van Hout, Paul G. Hugenholtz, Felix Unger, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Our aims were to compare coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and stenting for the treatment of diabetic patients with multivessel coronary disease enrolled in the Arterial Revascularization Therapy Study (ARTS) trial and to determine the costs of these 2 treatment strategies. Methods and Results Patients (n=1205) were randomly assigned to stent implantation (n=600; diabetic, 112) or CABG (n=605; diabetic, 96). Costs per patient were calculated as the product of each patient’s use of resources and the corresponding unit costs. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. At 1 year, diabetic patients treated with stenting had the lowest event-free survival rate (63.4%) because of a higher incidence of repeat revascularization compared with both diabetic patients treated with CABG (84.4%, P &lt;0.001) and nondiabetic patients treated with stents (76.2%, P =0.04). Conversely, diabetic and nondiabetic patients experienced similar 1-year event-free survival rates when treated with CABG (84.4% and 88.4%). The total 1-year costs for stenting and CABG in diabetic patients were $12 855 and $16 585 ( P &lt;0.001) and in the nondiabetic groups, $10 164 for stenting and $13 082 for surgery. Conclusions Multivessel diabetic patients treated with stenting had a worse 1-year outcome than patients assigned to CABG or nondiabetics treated with stenting. The strategy of stenting was less costly than CABG, however, regardless of diabetic status.
Predominant role of FcγRIII in the induction of accelerated nephrotoxic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Takayuki Fujii, Yuki Hamano, Shiro Ueda, Bunshiro Akikusa, Sho Yamasaki, Makoto Ogawa, Hiromitsu Saisho, J. Sjef Verbeek, Shinsuke Taki, Takashi Saito
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
1037-145 Ultrasound myocardial tissue characterization allows early detection of cardiac involvement in patients with sarcoidosis
Authors: Eiichi Hyodo, Takeshi Hozumi, Yasuhiko Takemoto, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Takashi Muro, Hiroyuki Yamagishi, Minoru Yoshiyama, Kazuhide Takeuchi, Junichi Yoshikawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Sudden Coronary Death
Authors: Andrew Farb, Anita L. Tang, Allen P. Burke, Laura Sessums, Youhui Liang, Renu Virmani
Journal: Circulation (1995)

The reported frequency of active coronary lesions (plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis) in sudden death due to coronary artery atherosclerosis (sudden coronary death) has varied from < 20% to > 80% of cases in previous series. In hearts lacking an active coronary lesion, sudden death has usually been attributed to a healed myocardial infarction. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of active and inactive coronary lesions and myocardial infarction in individuals with sudden coronary death.The hearts of persons who died as a result of sudden coronary death underwent perfusion-fixation and postmortem angiography. An active coronary lesion was defined as a disrupted plaque, luminal fibrin/platelet thrombus, or both. We defined an inactive lesion as having a cross-sectional luminal stenosis of > or = 75% with neither plaque disruption nor luminal thrombus. Ninety hearts were examined (from 72 men and 18 women; mean age at the time of death, 51 +/- 10 years). Acute myocardial infarction was present in 19 (21% [acute myocardial infarction only in 9, both acute and healed myocardial infarction in 10]), healed myocardial infarction only in 37 (41%), and no myocardial infarction in 34 (38%). Active coronary lesions were identified in 51 (57%): acute thrombi plus disrupted plaques in 27, acute thrombi only in 21, and disrupted plaques only in 3. In hearts with acute myocardial infarction, active coronary lesions were significantly more prevalent than in hearts with only healed myocardial infarction or hearts lacking an acute or a healed myocardial infarction (89%, 46%, and 50%, respectively; P < .005). Hearts without acute or healed myocardial infarction and without active lesions were similar to hearts with active lesions with respect to heart weight and severity of epicardial coronary disease.Acute changes in coronary plaque morphology (thrombus, plaque disruption, or both) were found in 57% of cases of sudden coronary death. In hearts with myocardial scars and no acute infarction, active coronary lesions were identified in 46% of cases. Neither myocardial infarction (acute or healed) nor an active coronary lesion was present in 19% of hearts.
CONTRIBUTION OF CYCLIC FILLING TO IDENTIFY VUR DURING PEDIATRIC NUCLEAR CYSTOGRAMS
Authors: J. C. Leonard, D. B. Burov, D. A. Palmgren, G. C. Hoebins, J. E. Wenzl
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Leonard, J. C.; Burov, D. B.; Palmgren, D. A.; Hoebins, G. C.; Wenzl, J. E. Author Information
Bacteremia in Diabetic Patients: Comparison of Incidence and Mortality with Nondiabetic Patients
Authors: Charles S Bryan, Kenneth L Reynolds, Wayne T Metzger
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

We determined the incidence of bacteremia and associated mortality in diabetic and nondiabetic patients in the four major hospitals of one metropolitan area over the 5-yr period 1977–1981. Mortality rates, based on episodes of bacteremia, were similar in diabetic and nondiabetic patients in most instances. Diabetic patients experienced lower mortality rates from Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia compared with nondiabetic patients; this finding was explained by a greater tendency for diabetic patients to have Escherichia coli bacteremia due to community-acquired urinary tract infection. However, the incidence of bacteremia due to all microorganisms was increased twofold in diabetic patients and the incidence of Enterobacteriaceae bacteremia was increased threefold. Because of their increased incidence of bacteremia, diabetic patients in this population were nearly twice as likely to die as a result of bacteremia compared with nondiabetic patients. Thus, the frequent occurrence of bacteremia among patients with diabetes mellitus represents a significant problem.
Hypochondriasis and Somatization
Authors: Michael I. Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent article by Dr Kellner<sup>1</sup>entitled "Hypochondriasis and Somatization" was extremely informative yet also contained several controversial and unwarranted conclusions. Part of the confusion about these disorders relates to terminology. The 1980<i>DSM-III</i>attempted to bring order out of the chaos by describing four types of somatiform disorders: (1) hypochondriasis, (2) somatization disorder, (3) conversion disorder, and (4) psychogenic pain disorder. I do not believe that this arbitrary separation is correct, nor does it truly represent and reflect the patient population. The term<i>hypochondriacal</i>should be reserved for those individuals who constantly play a sick role by misinterpreting normal physiological sensations as reflecting disease. Thus, constant preoccupation with specific disease or body systems, ie, cardiac phobia and cancerophobia, is the rule. The remainder of this group with chronic complaints represent disorders of the voluntary motor and sensory nervous system (hysterical conversion reaction) or of the
Systolic hypertension in the elderly. Hemodynamic response to long-term thiazide diuretic therapy and its side effects
Authors: S. Vardan
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Twenty-three patients older than 50 years, with systolic hypertension, underwent hemodynamic study. Cardiac output and stroke volume varied widely, with several high values. An elevated systemic vascular resistance, when considered as a function of the cardiac output, was the most prevalent hemodynamic abnormality. After administration of hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg/day, for one month in 20 patients, 18 had a significant fall in BP, systemic vascular resistance, and stroke volume. After one year of continuous therapy, the hemodynamics, studied in 14 patients, did not change further. There were no clinical difficulties with carbohydrate intolerance, azotemia, hyperuricemia, or hyopkalemia. No patient had symptoms of orthostatic hypotension or cardiac arrhythmias. Thus, thiazide therapy effectively and safely lowers the BP in most patients with systolic hypertension by reducing systemic vascular resistance. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:2807-2813)
Pseudochloroma: Extramedullar Hematopoietic Nodules in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: JAMES C. BARTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Five patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia had multiple hemorrhagic soft tissue lesions at the time of diagnosis. Histologic examination of tissue removed by biopsy and at autopsy revealed extramedullar hematopoietic nodules with associated hemorrhage and necrosis. No evidence of either blastic transformation or systemic bleeding diathesis was found. Pseudochloroma is a treatable although potentially fatal complication of uncontrolled chronic myelogenous leukemia and should not be confused with myeloblastomas occurring with blastic transformation. Early recognition of the syndrome, prompt treatment with intensive chemotherapy, and radiation therapy of intracranial lesions seem to provide effective control of this complication and reversion to a status that is responsive to conventional treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Dynamic Clinical Studies with Radionuclides and the Scintillation Camera.
Authors: Gerald Burke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Dynamic Clinical Studies with Radionuclides and the Scintillation Camera.Gerald Burke, M.D., F.A.C.P., Arlene Halko, M.D.Gerald Burke, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Arlene Halko, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1107_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe scintillation camera has to date been used primarily as a qualitative pictorial device. This report reviews the results obtained in a series of over 300 patients with scintillation camera studies of kinetics of [1] renal iodine (131I)-hippuran transport; [2] hepatic uptake and excretion of131I-rose bengal; and [3] renal, cerebral, and cardiac blood flow with99mTc pertechnetate. Scintillation camera renography permits visual monitoring of flow of radiohippuran through renal parenchyma and pelvis concomitant with inscription of a renogram curve. Since it affords assessment of kidney size and ureteral patency, the technique is of great value in the differentiation of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1107-1107KeywordsBlood flowExcretionKidneysPelvis Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Patterns of Depression in Medical Patients and Their Relationship with Causal Attrihutions for Illness
Authors: Nuray A. Karanci
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1988)

The present study investigated the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and causal attributions for the development of illness in a sample of 102 inpatients of a thoracic surgery department, with the main objective of examining the power of causal attributions and functional support in predicting different factors derived from the BDI. The results revealed that the BDI clusters into affective/motivational, somatic/vegetative, self-blame and self-punitiveness dimensions. Causal attributions for the development of illness were represented by family conflicts, environmental adversity, finance/health problems, bad luck, and four self-related clusters. Examination of the predictors of the BDI dimensions showed that causal attributions to uncontrollable, unmodifiable variables were predictors for the affective/motivational dimension, whereas illness severity and greater age were related to the somatic/vegetative symptomatology. The results supported the recommendations for the exclusion of such symptoms in assessing depression severity among medical patients.
Management of Urinary Incontinence and Retention in the Patient With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Karl R. Herwig
Journal: JAMA (1980)

URINARY incontinence or retention occurring in the patient with advanced cancer is often devastating, adding further frustration to his illness and well-being. It also angers and frustrates the nursing staff, who demand that something be done, and presents a treatment challenge to the physician. The physician's response may pacify the nursing staff, but further aggrieve the patient, or satisfy the patient, but upset the nursing staff. A better response can be made when based on understanding the causes of the incontinence or retention that usually results in patient and nursing satisfaction. Before resorting to using an indwelling catheter, the physician should ask himself: Is there an effective alternative to the catheter? Will the treatment return the patient to a better level of functioning? If the physician were the patient, what would he want done? Answering these questions often results in alternative forms of therapy that offer more ideal solutions for
Environmental epidemiology: challenges and opportunities.
Authors: J Pekkanen, N Pearce
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Epidemiology is struggling increasingly with problems with correlated exposures and small relative risks. As a consequence, some scholars have strongly emphasized molecular epidemiology, whereas others have argued for the importance of the population context and the reintegration of epidemiology into public health. Environmental epidemiology has several unique features that make these debates especially pertinent to it. The very large number of environmental exposures require prioritization, and the relative risks are usually very low. Furthermore, many environmental exposures can be addressed only by comparing populations rather than individuals, and the disruption of both local and global ecosystems requires us to develop new methods of study design. The population context is also very important to consider in risk management decisions because of the involuntary nature of most environmental exposures and the diversity of possible outcomes, both health- and nonhealth-related. Studies at the individual or molecular level tend to focus the research hypotheses and subsequent interventions at that level, even when research and interventions at other levels may be more appropriate. Thus, only by starting from the population and ecosystem levels can we ensure that these are given appropriate consideration. Although better research is needed at all levels, it is crucially important to choose the most appropriate level, or levels, of research for a particular problem. Only by conducting research at all these levels and by developing further methods to combine evidence from these different levels can we hope to address the challenges facing environmental epidemiology today.