tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Desensitization of a Nurse to Streptomycin under Corticosteroid Cover
Authors: A. Pines
Journal: BMJ (1957)

TREATMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS lJURISH adjusted "to obtain maximum benefit without side- effects."Nevertheless, side-effects and complications were noted, and, in particular, the incidence of " moon- face" was much higher in the prednisone group.In view of this, the more favourable results observed with prednisone may be due, in part at least, to the use of a dosage relatively high in comparison with that given in the form of cortisone.Further observations, now being made, are necessary before final conclusions can be drawn.
AMYL NITRITE AND CYANIDE POISONING
Authors: K. K. CHEN
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Methylene blue (methylthionine chloride U. S. P.) has been shown by Sahlin,<sup>1</sup>Eddy,<sup>2</sup>Brooks,<sup>3</sup>Hug<sup>4</sup>and Hanzlik<sup>5</sup>to antagonize the action of cyanide in animals, and recently it has been successfully used by Geiger<sup>6</sup>in the treatment of cyanide poisoning in a man. Hug<sup>4</sup>has demonstrated that sodium nitrite is a better antidote than methylene blue in dogs. He<sup>7</sup>and Wendel,<sup>8</sup>working independently, have offered a new view concerning the antagonism. We have investigated both methylene blue and amyl nitrite in cyanide intoxication and have found the latter to be more efficient than the former. The differences in the results appear to be so decisive as to merit a presentation to those who are interested in the subject. It should be understood that we make no claims to originality in this study but merely announce our confirmation of Hug's and Wendel's
Comparison of endocardial catheter mapping with intraoperative mapping of ventricular tachycardia.
Authors: M E Josephson, L N Horowitz, S R Spielman, A M Greenspan, C VandePol, A H Harken
Journal: Circulation (1980)

To validate the accuracy of catheter endocardial mapping to localize the origin of ventricular tachycardia (VT), we compared cathether endocardial mapping with intraoperative epicardial and endocardial mapping of 24 morphologically distinct VTs in 18 patients undergoing surgery. Twelve had VT with left bundle branch block morphology and 12 had VT with right bundle branch block morphology. Catheter endocardial mapping localized 23 VT morphologies to the border of a left ventricular aneurysm or myocardial infarction and one VT to a right ventriculotomy scar. Intraoperative epicardial mapping showed epicardial breakthrough on the right ventricle in 10 VTs with left bundle branch block morphology and on the left ventricle in two. In 12 VTs with right bundle branch block morphology, intraoperative epicardial mapping revealed the earliest site of VT with left bundle branch block morphology (11 patients) and VT with right bundle branch block morphology (12 patients) at the border of a left ventricular aneurysm, and one VT with left bundle branch block morphology in the right ventricle. Catheter endocardial mapping predicted the origin of VT within 4--8 cm2 of that determined by intraoperative endocardial mapping, which always identified the earliest site. These data validate the accuracy of catheter endocardial mapping in localizing the origin of VT.
Authors threaten to withhold articles from CMAJ
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The authors of a popular series of articles published in the CMAJ , the journal of the Canadian Medical Association (CMA), have threatened to withhold further submissions unless the journal's owners clarify the reasons why its two top editors were fired ( BMJ 2006;332:503, 4 Mar).

Gordon Guyatt of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, spokesman for the 11 leading academic physicians, says a credible explanation for why the editors were dismissed is needed to ensure the journal's editorial autonomy. He and his colleagues have given the owners several weeks to respond.

He said, “Not that we are terribly optimistic about the outcome, but we'll be interested to see what develops. It seems they are ready to endure any volume of negative publicity to protect their effective control over the journal, which is a shame.”

The CMA contends that the two issues—the firings and the question of editorial autonomy—are not connected. It maintains that it has taken a number of steps to ensure editorial autonomy.

Dr Guyatt and P J Devereaux, also of McMaster University, each noted in telephone interviews with the BMJ their concern that the committee appointed by the CMA to work with the former Supreme Court justice Antonio Lamer to work out a way of ensuring the journal's autonomy …
Pulmonary Emphysema and 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency
Authors: D. C. S. Hutchinson, P. J. L. Cook, C. E. Barter, H. Harris, P. Hugh-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Of 72 patients with radiological evidence of pulmonary emphysema, emphysema occurred either alone or in association with bronchitis in 61, and 8 of these (13%) were found to have alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. The main features of this condition are: exertional dyspnoea of relatively early onset (generally between 30 and 45 years of age), severely impaired FEV(1) and T(L)CO, and radiological emphysema predominantly affecting the lower zones of the lungs. It is probable that any patient with all the above abnormalities has alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. There is evidence to suggest that cigarette smoking may hasten the onset of this type of emphysema.
Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?
Authors: C Nathan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

EAE, experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; iNOS, nitric oxide synthase type 2, whose activity is independent of elevated intracellular Ca 2 ϩ and whose expression is inducible by infection or inflammation; NK, natural killer; RNI, reac-
Predicting sRNAs and Their Targets in Bacteria
Authors: Wuju Li, Xiaomin Ying, Qixuan Lu, Linxi Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are an emerging class of regulatory RNAs of about 40–500 nucleotides in length and, by binding to their target mRNAs or proteins, get involved in many biological processes such as sensing environmental changes and regulating gene expression. Thus, identification of bacterial sRNAs and their targets has become an important part of sRNA biology. Current strategies for discovery of sRNAs and their targets usually involve bioinformatics prediction followed by experimental validation, emphasizing a key role for bioinformatics prediction. Here, therefore, we provided an overview on prediction methods, focusing on the merits and limitations of each class of models. Finally, we will present our thinking on developing related bioinformatics models in future.
PROPAGATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS IN "IMMUNE" ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Thomas P. Magill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

INFLUENZA VIRUS CAN SURVIVE, AND CAN BE PROPAGATED IN IMMUNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS INDUCED IN MICE BY VACCINATION WITH THE HOMOLOGOUS STRAIN OF VIRUS: survival was associated with the emergence of variants which differed from the parent strain in antigenic characteristics. The data concerning hemagglutinating activity of the variants, on the one hand, and of the antigenicity, on the other, are compatible with the concept that the structure of the influenza virus includes a surface arrangement which is distinct from the inner virus bulk. The points (a) that propagation was accomplished with difficulty whenever the immunological environment was altered, and (b) that once established, passage was continued without difficulty, are interpreted to indicate that the mechanism of variation may involve a rearrangement of the basic hereditary mechanism.
GENERALIZED GRANULOMA ANNULARE: RELATIONSHIP TO DIABETES MELLITUS AS REVEALED IN 8 CASES
Authors: S. HAIM, R. FRIEDMAN-BIRNBAUM, A. SHAFRIR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article GENERALIZED GRANULOMA ANNULARE: RELATIONSHIP TO DIABETES MELLITUS AS REVEALED IN 8 CASES Get access S. HAIM, S. HAIM Department of Dermatology, Rambam Government Hospital, Haifa, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. FRIEDMAN‐BIRNBAUM, R. FRIEDMAN‐BIRNBAUM Department of Dermatology, Rambam Government Hospital, Haifa, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. SHAFRIR A. SHAFRIR Department of Dermatology, Rambam Government Hospital, Haifa, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 2, 1 August 1970, Pages 302–305, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15704.x Published: 01 August 1970 Article history Accepted: 19 January 1970 Published: 01 August 1970
The Therapeutic Range of Gitalin (Amorphous) Compared with Other Digitalis Preparations
Authors: ROBERT C. BATTERMAN, ARTHUR C. DEGRAFF, O. ALAN ROSE
Journal: Circulation (1952)

The therapeutic ranges of amorphous gitalin, digitalis leaf, digitoxin and Digoxin were compared in terms of rapid and slow methods for initial digitalization and maintenance of the digitalized patient. Gitalin (amorphous) possesses a therapeutic range greater than any available digitalis preparation or glycoside. In a group of 18 ambulatory patients, gitalin (amorphous) was found to possess an average of 41 per cent increase in therapeutic range when compared with digitalis leaf. Advantages of the use of gitalin (amorphous) as compared with other digitalis preparations are discussed.
Abstract 1359: Identification of a novel class of compounds as proteasome inhibitors: Synthesis and structure activity relationship studies of PI-1833 library
Authors: Sevil Ozcan, Kazi Aslamuzzaman, Frank Marsilio, Kenyon Daniel, Wesley Brooks, Wayne Guida, Harshani Lawrence, Said Sebti
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The ATP-dependent ubiquitin-proteosome pathway is responsible for the controlled degradation of proteins in eukaryotic cells. The 26S proteosome is a multifunctional complex, consisting of a 19S regulatory particle (RP) and a 20S core particle (CP). The three main catalytic activities of the proteasome; peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolysing (PGPH), trypsin-like (T-L), and chymotrypsin-like (CT-L), are mediated by three distinct catalytic β-1, β-2, and β-5 subunits, respectively. Owing to the central role of proteosome in maintaining homeostasis and hence its key position in many cellular processes, the development of inhibitors for CT-L activity has been the subject of considerable interest in the treatment of cancer. Selective inhibition of the CT-L activity of 20S proteasome represents a successful strategy in cancer therapy as demonstrated by Bortezomib (Velcade), a clinically approved drug for multiple myeloma and mantle lymphoma. Toxicity and tumor cell resistance against Bortezomib demand the development of improved and selective proteasome inhibitors. The potent proteasome inhibitors reported to date have been developed as aldehydes, boronates, vinylsulfones and expoxyketones and these compounds function through covalent modification of the N-terminal threonine residue of β-5 subunit. Small, drug-like synthetic proteasome inhibitors that are selective for cancer over normal cells are rare, but clearly would have a potential advantage over the existing inhibitors. PI-1833 was identified in our program as a ‘hit’ with in-vitro CT-L proteasome activity (IC50 = 0.58 μM). PI-1833 is a small molecule with oxadiazole pharmacophore and presents 3 points of diversity amenable for focused library synthesis. Lack of a reactive chemical moiety (or electrophilic moiety) to form proteasome adducts is an important feature of PI-1833. The first generation analogs of PI-1833 have shown promising SAR (in-vitro and in-vivo) toward proteasome inhibition with the IC50 values ranging from 0.3-0.7 μM. In this work we will present in-vitro and in-vivo structure activity relationship (SAR) data, synthesis and selectivity of a PI-1833 library and discuss the mode of proteasome inhibition (co-valent vs non co-valent) by this class of compounds. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1359. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1359
Estrogen Receptors in Various Tissues
Authors: DAVID T. KIANG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1982Estrogen Receptors in Various TissuesDAVID T. KIANG, M.D., PH.D.DAVID T. KIANG, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-2-257_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Tumor estrogen receptor activity has been described in a case of Hodgkin's disease that regressed under estrogen therapy (1), and has also been reported in malignancies of "nonsteroid target tissues," such as melanoma, sarcoma of bones, colon cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Although these reports are exciting, they also generate great concerns with the method of reporting estrogen receptor activity, which we have emphasized in the past (2). Not all the substances that can bind estradiol are receptors.After the presence of estrogen receptor activity was shown in human malignant melanoma by the dextran-coated charcoal method (3),...References1. STARKLLOYDSCHELLHAMMER JJP. Estrogen receptor activity in a case of Hodgkin's disease. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:186-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KIANGKENNEDY DB. Estrogen receptor assay. JAMA. 1977;238:2263. Letter. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. FISHERNEIFELDLIPPMAN RJM. Oestrogen receptors in human malignant melanoma. Lancet. 1976;2:337-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCCARTYWORTMANSTOWERSLUBAHNMCCARTYSEIGLER KJSDKH. Sex steroid receptor analysis in human melanoma. Cancer. 1980;46:1463-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HAKIM A. Monoclonal anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1981;168:82-96. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID T. KIANG, M.D., PH.D.Affiliations: University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1982Volume 96, Issue 2Page: 257-258KeywordsBoneColorectal cancerEstradiolEstrogensHodgkin lymphomaMelanomaRenal cell carcinomaSarcoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Ethnic Distribution of Diabetes Mellitus in Hawaii
Authors: Norman R. Sloan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

In order to discover possible differences among various ethnic groups in Hawaii with respect to the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, blood samples were secured from 38,103 gainfully employed persons. The sample, taken from a finger 2½ hr after a meal containing at least 50 gm of carbohydrate, was tested by an instrument which automatically determined whether the concentration of glucose was above or below 130 mg/100 cc. Those whose blood glucose was found to be elevated were referred to their personal physicians for further diagnostic study. The over-all, age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes was 18.4/1,000. The most striking ethnic difference was that the rate for unmixed Hawaiians was about six times that for persons classified as Caucasian. In addition to finding ethnic variations, the study served as a case-finding procedure, for three of five of those diagnosed as diabetic were previously unknown.
Primary angioplasty versus thrombolysis in inferior acute myocardial infarction with anterior ST-segment depression, a single-center randomized study
Authors: Flavio Ribichini, Giuseppe Steffenino, Antonio Dellavalle, Federica Meinardi, Antonello Vado, Mauro Feola, Eugenio Uslenghi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1)/interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) upregulates monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG) gene expression in B-cell malignancy
Authors: M Uranishi, S Iida, T Sanda, T Ishida, E Tajima, M Ito, H Komatsu, H Inagaki, R Ueda
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Large expansion of the ATTCT pentanucleotide repeat in spinocerebellar ataxia type 10
Authors: Tohru Matsuura, Takanori Yamagata, Daniel L. Burgess, Astrid Rasmussen, Raji P. Grewal, Kei Watase, Mehrdad Khajavi, Alanna E. McCall, Caleb F. Davis, Lan Zu, Madhureeta Achari, Stefan M. Pulst, Elisa Alonso, Jeffrey L. Noebels, David L. Nelson, Huda Y. Zoghbi, Tetsuo Ashizawa
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Asthma and enkephalin.
Authors: R J Butland, J Pang, D Geddes
Journal: BMJ (1980)

to medical schools should include measures to detect vulnerability, and the curriculum should embody programmes which will help the student to cope with later professional stresses.Faculty advisors, tutors, and organised peer groups should be aware of their duty to recognise and intervene at an early stage rather than to wait for the GMC to take action when problems may be ineradicably established.
Quantification of skin-colour changes induced by topical corticosteroid preparations using the Minolta Chroma Meter
Authors: CATHERINE QUEILLE-ROUSSEL, M. PONCET, H. SCHAEFER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

The Minolta tri-stimulus colorimeter CR-200 was used to quantify the blanching effect of topical corticosteroids in a non-occluded vasoconstriction test. To investigate the influence of time on variations in colorimetric parameters, an initial series of measurements was performed on Day 1 on six predetermined sites on the ventral surface of the forearm of six healthy volunteers every 2 h over a 12-h period. The colorimetric values were shown to be site related but hourly variations occurred with similar profiles for all the sites. On Day 2, four topical corticosteroid creams, representative of their potency groups, as well as a base were applied in a randomized double-blind manner on five of the predetermined sites. Visual gradings and colorimetric measurements were carried out every 2 h over the following 12-h diurnal period and were continued on Day 3. The colorimetric parameters L* (luminance) and a* (colour hue ranging from green(-) to red(+] gave a rank order correlated to corticosteroid potency that showed superior discrimination compared to simple visual grading. In this study, L* was more discriminative parameter than a*. The Minolta Chroma Meter CR-200 appears to be a simple and accurate device for objectively measuring the blanching effects of topical corticosteroids.
Deregulated expression in Ph+ human leukemias of AHI-1, a gene activated by insertional mutagenesis in mouse models of leukemia
Authors: Xiaoyan Jiang, Yun Zhao, Wing-Yiu Chan, Suzanne Vercauteren, Emily Pang, Sean Kennedy, Frank Nicolini, Allen Eaves, Connie Eaves
Journal: Blood (2004)
Serum Potassium Levels and Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Abhinav Goyal, John A. Spertus, Kensey Gosch, Lakshmi Venkitachalam, Philip G. Jones, Greet Van den Berghe, Mikhail Kosiborod
Journal: JAMA (2012)

<h3>Context</h3>Clinical practice guidelines recommend maintaining serum potassium levels between 4.0 and 5.0 mEq/L in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). These guidelines are based on small studies that associated low potassium levels with ventricular arrhythmias in the pre−β-blocker and prereperfusion era. Current studies examining the relationship between potassium levels and mortality in AMI patients are lacking.<h3>Objective</h3>To determine the relationship between serum potassium levels and in-hospital mortality in AMI patients in the era of β-blocker and reperfusion therapy.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>Retrospective cohort study using the Cerner Health Facts database, which included 38 689 patients with biomarker-confirmed AMI, admitted to 67 US hospitals between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2008. All patients had in-hospital serum potassium measurements and were categorized by mean postadmission serum potassium level (&lt;3.0, 3.0-&lt;3.5, 3.5-&lt;4.0, 4.0-&lt;4.5, 4.5-&lt;5.0, 5.0-&lt;5.5, and ≥5.5 mEq/L). Hierarchical logistic regression was used to determine the association between potassium levels and outcomes after adjusting for patient- and hospital-level factors.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>All-cause in-hospital mortality and the composite of ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest.<h3>Results</h3>There was a U-shaped relationship between mean postadmission serum potassium level and in-hospital mortality that persisted after multivariable adjustment. Compared with the reference group of 3.5 to less than 4.0 mEq/L (mortality rate, 4.8%; 95% CI, 4.4%-5.2%), mortality was comparable for mean postadmission potassium of 4.0 to less than 4.5 mEq/L (5.0%; 95% CI, 4.7%-5.3%), multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.19 (95% CI, 1.04-1.36). Mortality was twice as great for potassium of 4.5 to less than 5.0 mEq/L (10.0%; 95% CI, 9.1%-10.9%; multivariable-adjusted OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.68-2.36), and even greater for higher potassium strata. Similarly, mortality rates were higher for potassium levels of less than 3.5 mEq/L. In contrast, rates of ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest were higher only among patients with potassium levels of less than 3.0 mEq/L and at levels of 5.0 mEq/L or greater.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Among inpatients with AMI, the lowest mortality was observed in those with postadmission serum potassium levels between 3.5 and &lt;4.5 mEq/L compared with those who had higher or lower potassium levels.
THE TREATMENT OF JOINT SPRAINS AND STRAINS
Authors: R. C. Elmslie
Journal: BMJ (1938)

The terms " sprain " and " strain " cover a variety of injuries to joints in which there is no evidence of a gross fracture or dislocation.As a rule when a definite injury -a fracture, a dislocation, a complete rupture of an important ligament, or a displacement of a semilunar cartilage, etc.-has been found, the fact that an exact diagnosis has been made takes the case out of the category of sprains or strains.Therefore in all these cases of minor injuries of joints the first thing to aim at is an exact diagnosis.It is not uncommon to find that a joint injury which has resulted in an effusion is diagnosed as a case of traumatic synovitis.There are grave objections to this diagnosis because it is apt to lead to slack methods and to a failure to discover exactly what has happened.We ought to try to determine what has been the nature of the trauma and exactly what lesion has been produced in the joint.Classification of Ligaments From the practical point of view the ligaments of joints may be divided into three classes:1.Those consisting of a simple thickening of the capsule which cannot be defined exactly by dissection except in an artificial manner.As is the case with the joint capsule as a whole, the attachment of these ligaments to bone is also indefinite; the fibrous tissue of the ligament is continuous with that of the periosteum beyond, which can be stripped up if the ligament is artificially lifted.The internal lateral ligaments of the knee and ankle, and in fact the majority of ligaments of joints, fall into this category.2. Extracapsular bands which stand out, when dissected, as isolated structures.Such are the external lateral ligament of the knee and the middle and posterior fasciculi of the external lateral ligament of the ankle.3. Intra-articular bands, such as the crucial ligaments of the knee, the ligamentum teres of the hip, and the intra- articular fibro-cartilage of the sterno-clavicular joint.
Are we doing enough?
Authors: A Jayasuriya, P S Allan
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Gray and McIntyre report that the rates of mother to child transmission of HIV are dramatically reduced by antiretroviral use, caesarean section, and avoidance of breastfeeding.1 However, none of these effective interventions can take place without awareness of the mother's HIV status.

In the United Kingdom, all antenatal clinics routinely offer HIV testing.2 Most mothers accept screening. Two recent cases, …