tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The measurement problem in consciousness research
Authors: Rafael Malach
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract States of sensory absorption may offer a means to disentangle perception from report. Interestingly, such states lead to an antagonistic relationship between perceptual and cognitive-access networks, suggesting that perceptual awareness does not depend on a read-out by high order cognitive-access mechanisms. Rather, it may emerge internally, through a cooperative coding dynamics, whereby each neuron simultaneously represents and reads-out the perceptual awareness state.
Albert Victor Craig
Authors: J. V. B. E. S. S. R. A. C. P. M. Foong
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Born in Halifax, Yorkshire, Albert Victor Craig was named after his father, a general practitioner, who had died of pneumonia while his mother was pregnant with him ( BMJ 1924;1:90.1). Victor’s father had served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in the first world war, being awarded the military cross for bravery in attending to wounded soldiers under fire of heavy guns and gas shells, the lasting effects of which undoubtedly contributed to his premature death.

The circumstances of Victor’s birth enabled him to enter for a Medical Foundation scholarship to Epsom College. From Epsom it was a natural progression to study medicine, like his father. He was awarded a scholarship to University College Hospital, where he qualified at the age of 21, the training having been reduced to four years to produce more doctors for the war effort. He was evacuated to Leatherhead for second MB, where anatomy and …
Bladder Problems in Elderly Patients
Authors: ALBERT J KIRSHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1983Bladder Problems in Elderly PatientsALBERT J KIRSHEN, M.D.ALBERT J KIRSHEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-3-418_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: By your selection of the article by Williams and Pannill (1) for publication, I assume that academic geriatric medicine has "arrived." Although I agree with their final recommendations, I take issue with two points.Despite their plea for standardization, Drs. Williams and Pannill digress from the standards recommended by the International Continence Society (2), which they quote. The standards suggest that incontinence be subdivided into two categories, problems with storage and difficulties with emptying, and specified in terms of detrusor dysfunction, outlet dysfunction, and other causes. Thus, Williams and Pannill's category of overflow incontinence, more properly, would...References1. WILLIAMSPANNILL MF. Urinary incontinence in the elderly: physiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Ann Intern Med 1982;97:895-907. LinkGoogle Scholar2. International Continence Society Committee on standardization of terminology: fourth report on the standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1981;15:169-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WILLINGTON F. Therapeutic distension for detrusor instability in the elderly. In: Proceedings of the International Continence Society. Oxford, England: Pergamon Press; 1978:13-7. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ALBERT J KIRSHEN, M.D.Affiliations: 210-1150 Adelaide Street North; London, Ontario, Canada N5Y 2N5 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1983Volume 98, Issue 3Page: 418-418KeywordsAcademic medicineBladderElderlyGeriatricsIncontinence ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Classroom as an Outpatient Kibbutz
Authors: JULES M. KLUGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The author describes an approach to consultation with core city elementary schools that utilizes the concept of encouraging children to be helpful to each other. This approach necessitates a lateral rather than a vertical structure in the classroom, with decision making and problem solving shared by the children. Its specific applicability to a number of common classroom problems is described, as well as its use in other settings such as community centers.
Hypercalcemia mediated by parathyroid hormone‐related protein in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yutaka Sasaki, Takayuki Takahashi, Reiko Tsuyuoka, Hitoshi Ishida, Kazuwa Nakao, Chohei Shigeno, Kishiko Nakamura, Masako Kozuki, Hiromu Okada, Hideki Katakami
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)
P93 Hospital admission avoidance for people with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through collaborative working between Suffolk COPD services and East of England Ambulance service
Authors: L. J. Pearce, M. Broad, T. B. Pulimood, C. Laroche
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> BTS Guidelines recommend that admission avoidance schemes should be available for patients with exacerbations of COPD. The Suffolk COPD Service was established in 2009, operating 365 days/year. One strand of the service aims to avoid inappropriate hospital admission by encouraging GPs to refer to the service rather than sending patients into hospital. However, despite wide publicity hospital admission rates remained high. Review of 24 COPD hospital admissions suggested that 50% would have been suitable for admission avoidance through Suffolk COPD Services. 95% of these patients had been brought in to A&amp;E by ambulance. Feasibility of direct ambulance referral into Suffolk COPD Services was discussed with ambulance personnel. <h3>Method</h3> A business case, working protocol and pathway were developed jointly, along with a robust clinical governance system. It was planned that a member of the Suffolk COPD Nursing team would visit the patient within 4 h of referral. Approval was gained from the Local Medical Council and Expert Clinical Steering Group. The system was launched following wide publicity and training of both ambulance and nursing staff. <h3>Results</h3> The first successful referral was received 40 min after the launch. In the first year 83 referrals were received, of which only eight were inappropriate and requiring redirection to other services or hospital admission. Advantages of ambulance referral system: Reduction in ambulance call cycle time by up to 30 min Increased ambulance personnel COPD knowledge Development of patient group directives Improved team working/collaboration across services Ability to discharge duty of care to a specialist community service Increased admission avoidance People cared for in own home “Self supported” care encouraged Cost efficient <h3>Conclusion</h3> 73% were admissions avoided compared to the 50% which had been predicted. The collaboration was a successful model of service delivery, reducing hospital admissions by the seamless transition of the duty of care from the ambulance service to the Suffolk COPD Services, who supported the patient at home.
Closure of wounds.
Authors: G T Watts
Journal: BMJ (1970)

period of two months, and my observations in this and other outbreaks suggest that the incubation period is normally about 48 hours or sometimes longer, though when two cases occur with an interval of a week between one wonders whether an undiagnosed in- termediate case has been overlooked.Having disagreed on some points I would like to support Dr Wray in saying that hysteria in an epidemic can cause difficultes in differential diagnosis.If two girls in a dormitory wake up during the night and vomit profusely it is not surprising if the sight and smell of vomit induces nausea and and even vomiting in some of the other girls sharing the same dormitory.Most astute general practitioners over the years have observed diseases which were not described in the textbooks.However the cause and clinical features of some of these, such as "drop attacks," epidemic myalgia, and hand, foot and mouth disease have now become clear and well-known, and I would agree that one should hesitate before attri- buting any unaccountable bizarre syndrome to hysteria because the entity does not fit any disease mentioned in present medical books.-Iam, etc.,
Treatment of severe hypercholesterolemia in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice by bone marrow transplantation.
Authors: W A Boisvert, J Spangenberg, L K Curtiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Apo E, a key regulator of cholesterol-rich lipoprotein metabolism, is synthesized by numerous extrahepatic tissues. Although its synthesis in macrophages is documented, the contribution of macrophage-derived apo E to hepatic clearance of serum cholesterol is unknown. To address this issue bone marrow transplantation was performed on hypercholesterolemic apo E-deficient mice with either syngeneic apo E-deficient mouse bone marrow cells (E0-control) or wild-type mouse bone marrow cells expressing apo E (E0-treated). E0-control and E0-treated mice were fed either a regular chow diet or an atherogenic diet (designated E0-control-HF and E0-treated-HF). Serum cholesterol levels dropped dramatically in the E0-treated mice largely due to a reduction in their VLDL cholesterol. No changes were seen in the E0-control mice. After 4 wk serum cholesterol in E0-treated-HF mice was about four-fold lower compared to E0-control-HF animals. Moreover, the extent of atherosclerosis in the E0-treated-HF mice after 14-16 wk was greatly reduced. Wild-type apo E mRNA was detected in the liver, spleen, and brain of the E0-treated mice indicating that apo E gene transfer was successfully achieved through bone marrow transplantation. More importantly, the level of apo E expression was sufficient to reduce the severe hypercholesterolemia of the apo E-deficient mice fed either chow or atherogenic diets.
The Harms of an Unnecessary Preoperative Echocardiogram
Authors: Andrew James Foy, Jennifer Grando Ting
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Spontaneous hepatic copper accumulation in Long-Evans Cinnamon rats with hereditary hepatitis. A model of Wilson's disease.
Authors: Y Li, Y Togashi, S Sato, T Emoto, J H Kang, N Takeichi, H Kobayashi, Y Kojima, Y Une, J Uchino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats, an inbred strain of a mutant rat isolated from Long-Evans rats, develop hereditary hepatitis. To elucidate the role of copper metabolism in the development of the hepatitis in LEC rats, we examined the copper concentration in the tissues and serum levels of copper and ceruloplasmin. Copper concentration in the liver of LEC rats was over 40 times that of normal Long-Evans Agouti (LEA) rats, while the serum ceruloplasmin and copper concentrations in LEC rats decreased significantly. The hepatocytes of LEC rats show steatosis in cytoplasm and pleomorphism of mitochondria, resembling the histologic features of the liver in Wilson's disease. These findings suggest that the hereditary hepatitis in LEC rats is closely associated with copper toxicity, and may be dealing with a rat form of Wilson's disease. Thus the LEC rats will provide a unique and useful animal model for clarifying the mechanism and for developing treatment strategies for Wilson's disease and other abnormal copper metabolism in humans.
1275 CARRIAGE OF PNPLA3 I148M IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DIESEASE ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Y.-L. Liu, G. Patman, J. Leathart, A. Burt, C.P. Day, A.K. Daly, H. Reeves, Q.M. Anstee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Treatment optimization and prediction of HCV clearance in patients with acute HCV infection
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Rosanna Santoro, Massimiliano Copetti, Marco Massari, Valeria Piazzolla, Enea Spada, Giuseppe Cappucci, Gabriele Missale, Leonardo Mottola, Ernesto Agostinacchio, Lazzaro di Mauro, Ornella Zuccaro, Patrizia Maio, Fabio Pellegrini, Antonella Folgori, Carlo Ferrari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The Heart in Athletes
Authors: MORTON GLANZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 October 1975The Heart in AthletesMORTON GLANZ, M.D.MORTON GLANZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-4-574 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their recent paper "Comparative Left Ventricular Dimensions in Trained Athletes" (Ann Intern Med82:521-524), Morganroth and associates arbitrarily classify athletic endeavors into isotonic (running, swimming) and isometric (wrestling, shot-putting) varieties and base their conclusions on the presumptive hemodynamic stresses of the two types of activity. However, speaking from the personal experience of one who has competed extensively in both distance running and wrestling, I wonder about the validity of the authors' classification. The training workouts of the varsity wrestler focus on prolonged, repetitive experience with the physical discomfort associated with "oxygen debt." Indeed this conditioning procedure... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MORTON GLANZ, M.D.Affiliations: Barnes Hospital St. Louis, Missouri 63110 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe use of self-protective measures to prevent COVID-19 spread: an application of the health belief model 1 October 1975Volume 83, Issue 4Page: 574-575KeywordsHeartHemodynamicsIsotonicityOxygenRunningSportsSwimming ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
False Positive 99mTc (Sn) Pyrophosphate Myocardial Infarct Images Related to Delayed Blood Pool Clearance
Authors: MILTON S. KLEIN, R EDWARD COLEMAN, ROBERT ROBERTS, ALAN N. WEISS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Three patients with atypical chest pain who were evaluated by exercise treadmill stress testing and 99mTc (Sn) pyrophosphate imaging had diffusely abnormal images after exercise and 24 hours later. These patients had normal exercise tests and no evidence of myocardial infarction. Repeat images several months later on each patient were again abnormal when imaged one hour after administration of the radiopharmaceutical but were normal on delayed imaging suggesting delayed blood pool clearance. Our findings suggest that a diffusely abnormal image one hour after injection may represent delayed blood pool clearance, and persistance of this abnormal image for greater than two hours after injection should be demonstrated before interpreting the study as abnormal.
Science, Faith and AIDS: The Battle Over Harm Reduction
Authors: Matthew K. Wynia
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

"Science, Faith and AIDS: The Battle Over Harm Reduction." The American Journal of Bioethics, 5(2), pp. 3–4 Notes 1. House Government Reform Subcommittee hearings of February 16, 2005. Transcript available from the author. 2. Kristof, N. D. 2005. When marriage kills. New York Times, March 30: A17. 3. “We're an empire now, and when we act, we create our own reality. And while you're studying that reality—judiciously, as you will—we'll act again, creating other new realities, which you can study too…” Unnamed senior administration official quoted in R. Suskind, Without a doubt. New York Times Magazine. Sunday, October 17, 2004. This reflects similar sentiments expressed by others close to the administration. See, for example, D.V. Johnson, Creating Reality, at http://blogs.salon.com/0003379/2004/ 12/17.html (accessed April 6, 2005). 4. Institute of Medicine, Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health. The Future of Public Health. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1988. 5. Marsch, L. A. 1998. The efficacy of methadone maintenance interventions in reducing illicit opiate use, HIV risk behavior and criminality: A meta-analysis. Addiction 93(4): 515–532. 6. This is not to suggest there is no evidence for religious faith or a belief in God; that would be a subject for a different essay—one not directly related to public health programs. But whether evidence supports God's existence is a separate issue from whether faith is being used as a rationale to reject harm reduction strategies in public health. I also do not wish to suggest that every person of faith rejects harm reduction strategies; many accept the results of scientific studies around issues of public health.
Identification of a Monocyte-Predisposed Hierarchy of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in the Adventitia of Postnatal Murine Aorta
Authors: Peter J. Psaltis, Adriana Harbuzariu, Sinny Delacroix, Tyra A. Witt, Eric W. Holroyd, Daniel B. Spoon, Scott J. Hoffman, Shuchong Pan, Laurel S. Kleppe, Cheryl S. Mueske, Rajiv Gulati, Gurpreet S. Sandhu, Robert D. Simari
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Hematopoiesis originates from the dorsal aorta during embryogenesis. Although adult blood vessels harbor progenitor populations for endothelial and smooth muscle cells, it is not known if they contain hematopoietic progenitor or stem cells. Here, we hypothesized that the arterial wall is a source of hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells in postnatal life.Single-cell aortic disaggregates were prepared from adult chow-fed C57BL/6 and apolipoprotein E-null (ApoE(-/-)) mice. In short- and long-term methylcellulose-based culture, aortic cells generated a broad spectrum of multipotent and lineage-specific hematopoietic colony-forming units, with a preponderance of macrophage colony-forming units. This clonogenicity was higher in lesion-free ApoE(-/-) mice and localized primarily to stem cell antigen-1-positive cells in the adventitia. Expression of stem cell antigen-1 in the aorta colocalized with canonical hematopoietic stem cell markers, as well as CD45 and mature leukocyte antigens. Adoptive transfer of labeled aortic cells from green fluorescent protein transgenic donors to irradiated C57BL/6 recipients confirmed the content of rare hematopoietic stem cells (1 per 4 000 000 cells) capable of self-renewal and durable, low-level reconstitution of leukocytes. Moreover, the predominance of long-term macrophage precursors was evident by late recovery of green fluorescent protein-positive colonies from recipient bone marrow and spleen that were exclusively macrophage colony-forming units. Although trafficking from bone marrow was shown to replenish some of the hematopoietic potential of the aorta after irradiation, the majority of macrophage precursors appeared to arise locally, suggesting long-term residence in the vessel wall.The postnatal murine aorta contains rare multipotent hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells and is selectively enriched with stem cell antigen-1-positive monocyte/macrophage precursors. These populations may represent novel, local vascular sources of inflammatory cells.
A Lecture ON MYOPATHY AND SYRINGOMYELIA: Delivered at the National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic
Authors: W. R. Gowers
Journal: BMJ (1909)

GBNTLE~MEN,-YOU may wonder why I have linked together two diseases so diverse in nature as the subject of this lecture.It is because they were connected by a link, the -effectiveness of which you will at once admit, and also its actual,dtility-the link of error.I will show you a case which is cer
A7.6 Neuropathic pain in rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study
Authors: T Meirinhos, R Aguiar, C Ambrósio, A Barcelos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pain is the most common symptom in rheumatic diseases. In its pathophysiology there is usually a disturbance in nociceptive perception by tissue damage, that evolve often to features of central pain, with characteristics of neuropathic pain (NP). Neuropathic pain in rheumatic diseases is a topic rarely addressed in the literature. <h3>Objectives</h3> Determine, in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) axial (a-SpA) and peripheral (p-SpA) spondylarthritis, the prevalence of DN, correlations between NP and activity and disease duration. Compare the prevalence of DN with control group. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Cross-sectional study. Variables analysed: sex, age, duration of illness, medication. All patients answered VAS of pain, DN4 and EQol-5D. In patients with RA and p-SpA we determined DAS28, BASDAI and BASFI in a-SpA and WOMAC in OA. Control group of healthy subjects randomised with patients in age and sex responded DN4. Statistical analysis using SPSS 18. <h3>Results</h3> 216 patients enrolled (80RA, 48p-SpA, 46a-SpA, 42OA), 85 men and 131 women, with mean age 55.27 ± 14.62 years, mean disease duration 10 ± 11.87years. 48patients had ≥4 DN4, only 3 were on medication to NP. The NP prevalence was 40.47% in OA (p &lt; 0.01), 18.75% RA, 23.91% a-SpA and 10:42% p-SpA. The prevalence of DN was higher in patients compared with controls, in OA (OR = 23.12% CI 95 (2.88–185.41) and SPA´s (OR = 8.62 CI 95% (1.1–67.25). Despite the increasing prevalence of DN with duration of disease, this difference was not statistically significant. Regarding disease activity, we found that DN increases with BASDAI (p &lt; 0:02) in a-SpA and DAS28 in RA (p &lt; 0.02). Higher values ​​of VAS were found in patients with DN4 ≥4 (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study reveals an important neuropathic component in our cohort of patients. The disease with the highest prevalence of DN was OA, which meets the data found in the literature. This discrepancy in prevalence, lower in inflammatory conditions, though chronic, certainly needs further study, placing the use of more aggressive therapy in these patients, like DMARD9s, as a plausible hypothesis. This study demonstrates the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms and types of pain in rheumatic patients, with nociceptive pain only part of the spectrum of pain. Additional studies are needed to investigate the importance of neuropathic pain in rheumatic diseases, and its relation with the evolution of the underlying disease.
Clinical Lectures on Practical Orthopaedics
Authors: H. A. Reeves
Journal: BMJ (1878)

TO SUBCUTANEOUS EXTRA-ARTICULAR OSTEOTOMY.GENTLEMEN,-The branch of general surgery called Orthopaedics concerns itself with the treatment of bodily deformities, and, taken in its widest sense, would include the treatment of malformations gene- rally.Plastic or reparative surgery would thus be a branch, and a very important branch, of it.But orthopaedic surgeons do not, as a rule, deal with the cases which would come under this latter head, such as hare-lip, cleft palate, extroversion of the bladder, etc., but confine