tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low Operative Mortality With Implantation of a Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device and Impact of Concurrent Cardiac Procedures
Authors: Jay D. Pal, Charles T. Klodell, Ranjit John, Francis D. Pagani, Joseph G. Rogers, David J. Farrar, Carmelo A. Milano
Journal: Circulation (2009)

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of concurrent cardiac procedures (CCP) on patient outcomes after HeartMate II (HMII) left ventricular assist device implantation.Two hundred eighty-one patients underwent implantation of a HMII as a bridge to transplantation from March 2005 to March 2007. One hundred seventy patients had an HMII implanted only, and 81 patients underwent concurrent cardiac procedures in conjunction with HMII implantation (HMII+CCP). Of these, 47 patients had concurrent valvular procedures, 15 patients had simultaneous closure of patent foramen ovale, and 19 patients had other various cardiac procedures. Patients requiring right ventricular assist device support or noncardiac procedures were excluded. Preoperative characteristics were similar for patients with and without concurrent cardiac procedures. Overall 30-day mortality was 5.8% for the HMII group and 11.3% for the HMII+CCP group. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that simultaneous patent foramen ovale closure was not associated with an increased 30-day mortality rate, but concurrent valvular procedures increased the risk to 8.5%. Patients who underwent an aortic valve procedure had a 30-day mortality rate of 25%, higher than for isolated concurrent mitral (0%) or tricuspid repair (3.3%). Survival at 180 days was 87% for HMII alone and 80% for HMII+CCP. The hazard ratio for concurrent cardiac procedures adjusted for baseline parameters was 1.82 (95% CI, 1.07 to 3.10, P=0.026).There is a low 5.8% operative mortality rate for patients requiring uncomplicated HMII implantation, with no apparent increased risk for concurrent patent foramen ovale closure or mitral or tricuspid repair. However, concurrent aortic valve and other cardiac procedures are associated with significantly decreased perioperative and long-term survival.
Trends in Visits for Traumatic Brain Injury to Emergency Departments in the United States
Authors: Jennifer R. Marin, Matthew D. Weaver, Donald M. Yealy, Rebekah C. Mannix
Journal: JAMA (2014)

In the last decade, traumatic brain injury (TBI) garnered increased attention, including public campaigns and legislation to increase awareness and prevent head injuries.1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) describes TBI as a serious public health concern.2 We sought to describe national trends in emergency department (ED) visits for TBI.
Reply to Dr. Froehlich
Authors: L. Ràbago
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

We are very grateful to Dr. F. Froehlich for his kind letter and for his precise and welcome comments. One of the inclusion criteria to be fulfilled in order to be included in our study was that the patient’s bile duct stones were smaller than 15 mm, but unfortunately this fact was lost from the original article during the process of translation into English, and we would like to apologize for this omission. However, we would like to stress that we did encounter a few patients with bile duct stones that were bigger than 15 mm, although they were not included in the trial. In these cases, we proceeded with the intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and performed the papillotomy, and we waited until the postoperative period in order to finish the clearing the bile duct. The intraoperative procedure helped to make the postoperative ERCP easier, safer, and faster.
O-diphenoloxidase concentrations in leprosy.
Authors: K Reza, S Talib, S K Imam
Journal: BMJ (1979)

O-diphenoloxidase activity was studied in 15 patients with lepromatous leprosy, 15 with tuberculois leprosy, and 15 controls. O-diphenoloxidase isolated from skin and serum samples of patients with lepromatous leprosy had the specificity of a bacterially derived enzyme and not that of a mammalian-derived enzyme. Only the patients who had lepromatous leprosy for over two years showed enzyme activity in serum, though all showed it in skin tissue. O-diphenoloxidase activity in serum may be a useful diagnostic marker of lepromatous leprosy.
LABORATORY AND CLINICAL STUDIES OF POLYMYXIN B AND E 12
Authors: Edwin J. Pulaski, Hinton J. Baker, Milton L. Rosenberg, James F. Connell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

The antibiotics, polymyxin A B C D and E, have been described in the recent literature.Their anti- bacterial spectra are similar.They differ from one another in amino acid content.It is the pur- pose of this presentation to describe our studies of the antibacterial activity, pharmacology, untoward reactions, and clinical experience with polymyxin B and polymyxin E.5 IN VITRO ACTIONWe found that the susceptibility to polymyxin of 78 strains of ten different genera by the tube dilution test (Table I) is marked against Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella, microorganisms of the coli aerogenes groups, and most importantly, Pseudomonas.Brucella and many staphylococci are moderately sensitive, while Proteus and hemolytic streptococci are refractory.It is of interest that a strain of Pseudomonas, which developed high resistance to streptomycin in three daily transfers, did not become resistant to polymyxin after 27 transfers.Size of inoculum and human serum re- duced but slightly polymyxin activity.The con- centration of polymyxin required to inhibit Kleb- siella and Pseudomonas is not reduced significantly by the addition of subinhibitory amounts of streptomycin, aureomycin, sulfadiazine or penicillin, either singly or in several combinations.Polymyxin antagonizes the cumulative streptomycinpenicillin action on Proteus.
Physicians Who Move
Authors: E. B. LOFTIN
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have read the SPECIAL COMMUNICATION by Dr Steiber entitled "Physicians Who Move and Why They Move" (1982;248:1490). To the casual reader, this article might be only "interesting," but the importance of these findings must be stressed, since if they are improperly applied they would affect us all and, ultimately, patient care. It has been demonstrated and is confirmed in this article that physicians are not drawn to or driven away from areas on the basis of community wealth.<sup>1</sup>But the community (or state) certainly feels the impact of physician movement in terms of gain or loss of wealth. Physicians are not only an asset to a community, but, if they have been trained in state-supported schools or financially aided through school by cities or counties, they represent a considerable financial investment that can "just walk away." No doubt, in most states and certainly in Illinois,
Revisiting the modifiers: how should the evaluation and management of acute concussions differ in specific groups?
Authors: Michael Makdissi, Gavin Davis, Barry Jordan, Jon Patricios, Laura Purcell, Margot Putukian
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Background One of the key difficulties while managing concussion in sport is that there are few prognostic factors to reliably predict clinical outcome. The aims of the current paper are to review the evidence for concussion modifiers and to consider how the evaluation and management of concussion may differ in specific groups. Methods A qualitative review of the literature on concussion was conducted with a focus on prognostic factors and specific groups including children, female athletes and elite versus non-elite players. PubMed, MEDLINE and SportsDiscus databases were reviewed. Results The literature demonstrates that number and severity of symptoms and previous concussions are associated with prolonged recovery and/or increased risk of complications. Brief loss of consciousness (LOC) and/or impact seizures do not reliably predict outcomes following a concussion, although a cautious approach should be adopted in an athlete with prolonged LOC or impact seizures (ie, &gt;1 min). Children generally take longer to recover from concussions and assessment batteries have yet to be validated in the younger age group. Currently, there are insufficient data on the influence of genetics and gender on outcomes following a concussion. Conclusions Several modifiers are associated with prolonged recovery or increased risk of complications following a concussion and have important implications for management. Children with concussion should be managed conservatively, with an emphasis on return to learn as well as return to sport. In cases of concussions managed with limited resources (eg, non-elite players), a conservative approach should also be taken. There should be an emphasis on concussion education in all sports and at all levels, particularly in junior and community-based competitions.
ANCHORING THE KIDNEY.
Authors: R. HARVEY REED
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The frequent occurrence of hydro- and pyonephrosis warrants our study as to their cause and prophylaxis. Hydronephrosis is the result of an occlusion of the ureters. This may be due to a calculus, adhesive bands, tumors, or by a kink obstructing the lumen to such an extent as to prevent the flow of urine from the kidney to the bladder. Experimentation by the author and others, where the ureter has been ligated in the lower animals, has demonstrated that the healthy kidney will endure an enormous amount of torture without undergoing degeneration. Under these circumstances it has been demonstrated that hydronephrosis may exist from ten to fifteen days with the kidney greatly distended without a breaking down of its substance. Notwithstanding this fact a continuation of the pressure will sooner or later be followed by pressure necrosis and pyonephrosis. It is not my purpose in this paper to take up
Role of angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma development and metastasis: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Shivakumar Madappa Shivamallappa, Narayan Tondikulam Venkatraman, Balasundari Shreedhar, Leeky Mohanty, Sadhana Shenoy
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

Although a few studies have shown that vascularity is increased from normal mucosa to dysplasia to carcinoma suggesting that disease progression in the oral mucosa is accompanied by angiogenesis. The role in lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is equivocal. Role of angiogenesis in OSCC development and metastasis is evaluated in this study. This retrospective study of 50 samples consisted of 9 normal buccal mucosa, 22 leukoplakias, and 19 OSCC. Polyclonal antibodies to von-Willebrand factor were used to highlight the microvessels. Images were captured and morphometric image analysis was done for microvessel density (MVD), area, and perimeter. Highest, as well as mean values of these three parameters were compared. MVD and perimeter, but not area, are significantly different between normal mucosa and OSCC, and leukoplakia and OSCC. There were no differences between normal mucosa and leukoplakia. MVD, area, and perimeter were not significantly different between the OSCC with and without lymph node metastasis. The highest and mean values of MVD are significantly correlated. In the development of OSCC, angiogenic phenotypic change occurs in carcinomas rather than in the pre-cancerous stage, and quantification of angiogenesis in OSCC does not predict the risk of lymph node metastasis.
Television Watching and Effects on Food Intake
Authors: Christian Benedict, Helgi B Schiöth, Jonathan Cedernaes
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Modulation with cytokines of radiation injury: suggested mechanisms of action.
Authors: R Neta
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Cytokines, hormonelike proteins, produced by stimulated cells and tissues, were found to protect mice against lethal hematopoietic failure caused by ionizing radiation. Radioprotection was achieved by pretreatment with interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-12, or stem cell factor (SCF) at 18 to 24 hr before irradiation. Pretreatment with antibodies to these cytokines rendered the mice more susceptible to radiation lethality, indicating that these cytokines play a role in innate resistance to radiation. In contrast, treatment with tumor growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a cytokine that inhibits cycling of primitive hematopoietic progenitors, sensitized mice to radiation lethality. The schedule of IL-1 administration was critical to its radioprotective effect. Evidence was obtained that this may be based on the induction of additional cytokines by IL-1. The radioprotective effects of cytokines can be based on induction of cycling of primitive progenitor cells (IL-1, SCF), prevention of apoptosis (SCF), and induction of scavenging proteins and enzymes (IL-1, TNF) that reduce oxidative damage. In contrast, radiosensitizing effects may be due to inhibition of progenitor cycling (TGF-beta) or enhanced progenitor cell apoptosis (TGF-beta). Thus, the insights gained from such studies at the whole-animal level promise a better understanding of the membrane and intracellular events associated with radiation damage and repair of such damage.
Tuberculosis and HIV in India
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Tuberculosis is the most common HIV-related opportunistic infection in India, and caring for patients with both diseases is a major public health challenge. India has about 1.8 million new cases of tuberculosis annually, accounting for a fifth of new cases in the world — a greater number than in any other country (see pie chart).1 Patients with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection are at higher risk for progression if they are coinfected with HIV. Patients with HIV infection have a similar bacteriologic response to tuberculosis treatment as those who are not infected but have higher risks of recurrence and death. The influence . . .
Letter: Co-trimoxazole in bubonic plague.
Authors: None Nguyen-Van-Ai, None Nguyen-Duc-Hanh, None Pham-Van-Dien, None Nguyen-Van-Le
Journal: BMJ (1973)

scdium as well as ultrafiltration-induced movements of sodium and of water across the dialyser.Conventional hyponatric dialysis is thus inherertly more difficult to control clinically, and would seem even more so when combined with individualized oral doses of Slow Sodium as advocated by Dr. Catto and his colleagues.-Weare, etc.,
Trustees at the Focal Point
Authors: Toby Citrin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Recently, we have been witnessing an outpouring of commentaries and analyses pointing out the conflicting interests that have led to the current health care "crisis" and calling for the articulation of a national policy reconciling these interests.1 The unbalanced equation has become all too familiar. On the one hand, our society still wants to have access to the best care that modern medicine can deliver, and continues to articulate a morality calling for the provision of an adequate level of health care to all.2 On the other hand, we have expressed through the political system our demand that there be . . .
Hospital trusts fined because they cannot spare staff to work on IT
Authors: Michael Cross
Journal: BMJ (2006)

NHS trusts are “being fined millions of pounds” because they are unable to meet agreements to assign staff to information technology (IT) contractors who are working on the national programme for IT, Richard Bacon, a Conservative MP and member of the Public Accounts Committee said this week.

The secondments were negotiated nationally as a way of ensuring that contractors understood NHS procedures, but many trusts have not complied, making themselves liable to penalty payments to contractors.

These payments add up to £19m (€28m; $36m) in the south of England and £6.9m a year in the north west and west Midlands, ministers said in answers to parliamentary questions.

“At a time when hard pressed NHS trusts are having to make painful choices in order to reduce deficits, they are being forced to pay money …
Distinct roles for talin-1 and kindlin-3 in LFA-1 extension and affinity regulation
Authors: Craig T. Lefort, Jan Rossaint, Markus Moser, Brian G. Petrich, Alexander Zarbock, Susan J. Monkley, David R. Critchley, Mark H. Ginsberg, Reinhard Fässler, Klaus Ley
Journal: Blood (2012)
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of pancreatic stones.
Authors: T Sauerbruch, J Holl, M Sackmann, G Paumgartner
Journal: Gut (1989)

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of pancreatic stones was performed in eight patients with chronic pancreatitis and a dilated duct system harbouring stones 5 to 20 mm (means 10 (SD) 5 mm) in diameter. After endoscopic sphincterotomy of the pancreatic orifice the stones were disintegrated by shock waves under fluoroscopic control using a kidney lithotripter (Dornier HM3). The procedure was well tolerated by all but one patient, who had a mild pancreatitic attack immediately after lithotripsy. Clearance of the pancreatic duct systems from the larger stones was achieved in seven of eight patients. Half of the patients showed no improvement in the intensity and frequency of pain. The other patients had a marked amelioration of symptoms, however, both immediately and during a mean follow up interval of 11 (eight) months. A selective combined approach by endoscopy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for the treatment of pancreatic stones seems promising.
Myeloid WNT7b Mediates the Angiogenic Switch and Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Eun-Jin Yeo, Luca Cassetta, Bin-Zhi Qian, Ian Lewkowich, Jiu-feng Li, James A. Stefater, April N. Smith, Lisa S. Wiechmann, Yihong Wang, Jeffrey W. Pollard, Richard A. Lang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Oncogenic targets acting in both tumor cells and tumor stromal cells may offer special therapeutic appeal. Interrogation of the Oncomine database revealed that 52 of 53 human breast carcinomas showed substantial upregulation of WNT family ligand WNT7B. Immunolabeling of human mammary carcinoma showed that WNT7B immunoreactivity was associated with both tumor cells and with tumor-associated macrophages. In the MMTV-PymT mouse model of mammary carcinoma, we found tumor progression relied upon WNT7B produced by myeloid cells in the microenvironment. Wnt7b deletion in myeloid cells reduced the mass and volume of tumors due to a failure in the angiogenic switch. In the tumor overall, there was no change in expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway target genes, but in vascular endothelial cells (VEC), expression of these genes was reduced, suggesting that VECs respond to Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mechanistic investigations revealed that failure of the angiogenic switch could be attributed to reduced Vegfa mRNA and protein expression in VECs, a source of VEGFA mRNA in the tumor that was limiting in the absence of myeloid WNT7B. We also noted a dramatic reduction in lung metastasis associated with decreased macrophage-mediated tumor cell invasion. Together, these results illustrated the critical role of myeloid WNT7B in tumor progression, acting at the levels of angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. We suggest that therapeutic suppression of WNT7B signaling might be advantageous due to targeting multiple aspects of tumor progression. Cancer Res; 74(11); 2962–73. ©2014 AACR.
Visualization of Valvular and Myocardial Calcification by Planigraphy
Authors: LOUIS A. SOLOFF, JACOB ZATUCHNI, HERBERT FISHER
Journal: Circulation (1954)

A preoperative diagnosis of valvular calcification that indicates advanced degeneration and implies potential immobility is now of more than academic interest. It is also of importance in uncovering aortic valvular disease that may contraindicate mitral commissurotomy. Surgical experience indicates that conventional roentgenography has a low positive yield. Fluoroscopy, in our hands, has a high positive yield but has the disadvantages of dependence upon individual interest and knowledge and of failure to provide a permanent record verifiable by others. In this study, planigraphy is demonstrated to be superior to all other methods described for the detection of intracardiac calcification.
Could phenomenal consciousness function as a cognitive unconscious?
Authors: Max Velmans
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Evidence for unconscious semantic representation suggests that a cognitive unconscious exists. Phenomenal consciousness cannot easily be shown to deal with complex cognitive operations such as those involved in language translation and creativity. A self-organising phenomenal consciousness that controls brain functions also runs into mind/body problems (well recognised in the consciousness studies literature) that Perruchet &amp; Vinter must address.
Inhibition of methylcholanthrene-induced skin carcinogenesis in hairless mice by the membranelabilizing agent DMSO
Authors: G. VOLDEN, E. THORUD, O.H. IVERSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The effects of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) are in some respects similar to those of retinoids. DMSO has the ability to penetrate cellular membranes and to enhance the penetration of other molecules. It may be reasonable to assume that DMSO treatment results in differentiation of cells, possibly through membrane-mediated events. This may be of importance for the study of the carcinogenic process. The release of a certain amount of lysosomal enzymes to the extracellular space is a normal function of the cell (Hickman & Neufeld, 1972), and a certain release of the cytoplasmic and lysosomal enzymes to the extracellular space is not necessarily deleterious for the cells (Volden, Haugen & Skrede, 1980). The purpose of the present investigation was to study the possible effects of DMSO on methylcholanthrene-induced skin carcinogenesis. Since the uptake of lysosomal enzymes by cultured cells appears to involve a membrane receptor process, the effects of the carcinogen and the solvents on the rate of secretion of lysosomal enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase from HeLa cells were investigated.