tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"Rheumatic" Iritis and Iridocyclitis
Authors: F. Lenoch, V. Kralik, J. Bartos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1959)

Every text-book of ophthalmology mentions "rheumatic" iritis and iridocyclitis, either as the sole manifestation of the rheumatic state or as one of a series of rheumatic symptoms.It appears, however, that this type of eye lesion is not associated with rheumatic conditions in general, but only with the clearly defined complaint known as ankylosing spondylitis.We have studied some thousands of patients with rheumatic fever and have very rarely seen any ocular complications or iritis or iridocyclitis in particular.In no case has iritis been observed in an acute attack of rheumatic fever.It may be that our mode of treating rheumatic fever is so intensive and effective that eye complications do not develop, but we also have numerous patients who have undergone less thorough treatment elsewhere, and these cases also have been quite free from lesions of the iris.If rheumatic fever and iritis do appear together, therefore, their coincidence must be regarded as occurring by chance.We have also had under our care tens of thousands of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, and many of them have been under observation for many years, but lesions of the iris have been so rare that they cannot be regarded as complications of the arthritic condition.The same may be said about degenerative joint disease, whether it affects the joints of the extremities (osteo-arthrosis) or of the vertebral column (spon- dylosis or spondylarthrosis deformans).The appear- ance of an iris lesion is so unusual that it is obviously unrelated to the articular disease.However, the problem presents itself in quite a different light when considered in connexion with ankylosing spondylitis.Some dozens of cases have sufficed to prove that these ocular complications accompany the spinal lesions too often to be due to chance.Even if iritis and iridocyclitis cannot be accepted as complications in the other rheumatic conditions listed above, there seems to be no doubt that they quite frequently belong to the clinical picture of ankylosing spondylitis.
Mechanisms of beta-adrenergic receptor regulation in cultured chick heart cells. Role of cytoskeleton function and protein synthesis.
Authors: J D Marsh, D Lachance, D Kim
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

To examine mechanisms by which cardiac tissue regulates the beta-adrenergic receptor and physiological response to beta-adrenergic agonists, we studied the effects of cytoskeletal disrupting agents and inhibition of protein synthesis on receptor properties and contractile response to isoproterenol in intact cultured ventricular cells from embryonic chick heart. Thirty minutes of exposure of intact cells to 1 microM isoproterenol produced loss of the high-affinity state (KD = 4.5 +/- 1.5 nM) of the receptor found in cell membranes with no loss of total receptor number, whereas there was concomitant decline in the contractile response to 1 microM isoproterenol to 41 +/- 16% (SD) of control. Contractile response recovered within 60 minutes of agonist removal to 78 +/- 11% of initial response. There was concomitant recovery of the high-affinity state of the receptor, so that 1 hour after agonist removal there was 72% of the initial proportion of high-affinity receptors. This desensitization of the contractile response, as well as recovery after agonist removal, was markedly blunted by preincubation with cytochalasin B so that contractile responsiveness to isoproterenol was maintained at 77 +/- 13% of the initial response. Colchicine (10 microM) was without effect on the first 30 minutes of agonist-induced desensitization. More prolonged agonist exposure (1 microM isoproterenol for 24 hours) produced colchicine-sensitive loss of receptors from intact cells to 40% of control levels. Full recovery of receptor number occurred over 72 hours; this was completely blocked by cycloheximide (P less than 0.01). Thus, rapid desensitization and resensitization of the beta-receptor-mediated contractile response is associated with alterations in high-affinity agonist binding and appears to be modulated by microfilaments. Receptor down-regulation is dependent on functional microtubules, and recovery of these receptors after agonist removal requires protein synthesis.
Inducible Nonlymphoid Expression of Fas Ligand Is Responsible for Superantigen-Induced Peripheral Deletion of T Cells
Authors: Emanuela Bonfoco, Patrick M Stuart, Thomas Brunner, Tesu Lin, Thomas S Griffith, Yakun Gao, Hiroo Nakajima, Pierre A Henkart, Thomas A Ferguson, Douglas R Green
Journal: Immunity (1998)
THE USE OF ERGOT IN A PARTICULAR PHASE OF PNEUMONIA. NOTES ON A RECENT CLINIC IN THE MEDICAL WARDS OF MERCY HOSPITAL, CHICAGO.
Authors: N. S. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1884)

At the medical clinic in the Mercy Hospital, on March 28, 1884, the attention of the clinical class was chiefly occupied with a case of broncho-pneumonia in the sixth day of its progress. The patient was an adult male, about 30 years of age; short in statture, but broad across the chest and shoulders, presentin a well-marked sanguine temperament, with some corpulency. His habits had not been strictly temperate, and his occupation that of a laborer, but mostly within doors. He had been subject to attacks of bronchitis for some winters past, and once to an attack of pneumonia, three or four years since. Six days since, while scrubbing floors, and exposed to cold draughts with wet feet, he was attacked with severe pain in the sub-axillary region of the left side of the chest, accompanied by difficulty of breathing, disposition to cough, and such feelings of indisposition as compelled
β2 Microglobulin expression in keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: R.M. GRAHAM, A.W. MACFARLANE, R.K. CURLEY, J.R.G. NASH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

The eell surface expression of beta‐2‐microglobulin (ß2M) was investigated in 33 keratoacanthomas (KA) and 58 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) to determine whether this antigen was expressed to a different extent in these two conditions and, thus, whether this constitutes a reliable and practical test for distinguishing them. Loss of ß2M expression was not a reliable feature for distinguishing between KA and SCC and seemed to be related more to the degree of cellular differentiation and maturation, than to malignancy as such.
Abstract 4073: The PNA oligonucleotide is effective miRNA inhibitor that transfection reagents are not required
Authors: Su Young Oh, Yeong Soon Ju, Seryun Kim, Heekyung Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The miRNAs are approximately ∼23 nucleotides non-coding RNAs. They regulate major processes such as development, apoptosis, cell proliferation, hematopoiesis, and patterning of the nervous system. MiRNA inhibition using antisense oligonucleotide is an effective tool for understanding miRNA function. The peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is an artificial oligonucleotide with a peptide backbone. PNAs have a stronger affinity and greater specificity than DNA or RNA and are resistant to nuclease, which is essential characteristic for a miRNA inhibitor that will be exposed to abundant serum and cellular nucleases. In here, we evaluated PNAs™ miRNA inhibitors in cultured cells including stem cell using luciferase assay and qPCR. FACS analysis was showed that PNAs™ miRNA inhibitors can penetrate to intra cells without transfection reagent. Also, miRNA inhibition effects are sustained until 15 days after treatment. PNAs™ miRNA inhibitor has a lower cytotoxicity than other nucleic acid-based miRNA inhibitors. PNAs™ miRNA inhibitors can be stored at room temperature for 20 weeks without losing the activity. These results demonstrate that PNAs are a powerful and effective tool to studies of miRNA mechanism. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4073.
Portraits from memory. 22--Dr Samuel Tertius Cowan (1905-76).
Authors: J Howie
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Between 1976 and 1984, 136 patients with portal hypertension due to extrahepatic obstruction were operated on.Twenty two patients had emergency and 114 elective operations.The operative mortality was 90/o and 1%, respectively.Altogether 117 patients (86%) were followed up for from two to 10 years: 17 rebled, none developed encephalopathy or sepsis after splenectomy, and 90% and 75% were alive at five and 10years
Troglitazone in Combination With Sulfonylurea Restores Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Edward S Horton, Fred Whitehouse, Mahmoud N Ghazzi, Tom C Venable, Randall W Whitcomb
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To determine if the combination of troglitazone (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activator) and sulfonylurea will provide efficacy not attainable by either medication alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS There were 552 patients inadequately controlled on maximum doses of sulfonylurea who participated in a 52-week randomized active-controlled multicenter study. Patients were randomized to micronized glyburide 12 mg q.d. (G12); troglitazone monotherapy 200, 400, or 600 mg q.d. (T200, T400, T600); or combined troglitazone and glyburide q.d. (T200/G12, T400/G12, T600/G12). Efficacy measures included HbA1c, fasting serum glucose (FSG), insulin, and C-peptide. Effects on lipids and safety were also assessed. RESULTS Patients on T600/G12 had significantly lower mean (± SEM) FSG (9.3 ± 0.4 mmol/l; 167.4 ± 6.6 mg/dl) compared with control subjects (13.7 ± 0.4 mmol/l; 246.5 ± 6.8 mg/dl; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and significantly lower mean HbA1c (7.79 ± 0.2 vs. 10.58 ± 0.18%, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Significant dose-related decreases were also seen with T200/G12 and T400/G12. Among patients on T600/G12, 60% achieved HbA1c ≤8%, 42% achieved HbA1c ≤7%, and 40% achieved FSG ≤7.8 mmol/l (140 mg/dl). Fasting insulin and C-peptide decreased with all treatments. Overall, triglycerides and free fatty acids decreased, whereas HDL cholesterol increased. LDL cholesterol increased slightly, with no change in apolipoprotein B. Adverse events were similar across treatments. Hypoglycemia occurred in 3% of T600/G 12 patients compared with &amp;lt;1% on G12 or troglitazone monotherapy CONCLUSIONS Patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on sulfonylurea can be effectively managed with a combination of troglitazone and sulfonylurea that is safe, well tolerated, and represents a new approach to achieving the glycemic targets recommended by the American Diabetes Association.
Impaired JNK Signaling Cooperates with <i>KrasG12D</i> Expression to Accelerate Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Clare C. Davies, Emma Harvey, Raymond F.T. McMahon, Katherine G. Finegan, Frances Connor, Roger J. Davis, David A. Tuveson, Cathy Tournier
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and its two direct activators, namely the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase 4 (MKK4) and MKK7, constitute a signaling node frequently mutated in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here we demonstrate the cooperative interaction of endogenous expression of KrasG12D with loss-of-function mutations in mkk4 or both, mkk4 and mkk7 genes in the pancreas. More specifically, impaired JNK signaling in a subpopulation of Pdx1-expressing cells dramatically accelerated the appearance of KrasG12D-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias, which rapidly progressed to invasive PDAC within 10 weeks of age. Furthermore, inactivation of mkk4/mkk7 compromised acinar regeneration following acute inflammatory stress by locking damaged exocrine cells in a permanently de-differentiated state. Therefore, we propose that JNK signaling exerts its tumor suppressive function in the pancreas by antagonizing the metaplastic conversion of acinar cells toward a ductal fate capable of responding to oncogenic stimulation. Cancer Res; 74(12); 3344–56. ©2014 AACR.
Latent Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Breast Cancer
Authors: Klim McPherson
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Schlesselman and coworkers<sup>1</sup>argue persuasively that there is no latent effect of any association between use of oral contraceptives (OCs) in early life and breast cancer. However, they do not mention two relevant considerations in their discussion. A study of exposure to diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy in the 1950s showed a doubling of breast cancer risk, but not until after more than 22 years of followup.<sup>2</sup>Also, it is well known that age at menarche affects the risk of breast cancer 25 or more years later. Thus, any long-term latent effect need not be apparent now. If early OC use for longer than two years' duration is associated with an increased risk, say 20 years after exposure, then the Cancer and Steroid Hormone Study has no information on this hypothesis. Schlesselman et al say "there is presently no direct human evidence for a latent effect of
Population genomics of Populus trichocarpa identifies signatures of selection and adaptive trait associations
Authors: Luke M Evans, Gancho T Slavov, Eli Rodgers-Melnick, Joel Martin, Priya Ranjan, Wellington Muchero, Amy M Brunner, Wendy Schackwitz, Lee Gunter, Jin-Gui Chen, Gerald A Tuskan, Stephen P DiFazio
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
INCIDENCE, DIAGNOSIS AND OUTCOMES OF CORONARY ARTERY COMPRESSION DURING PERCUTANEOUS PULMONARY VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Alain Fraisse, Anass Assaidi, Sophie Malekzadeh-Milani, Mehul Patel, Jean-Benoit Thambo, Damien Bonnet, Laurence Iserin, Issam Kammache, Younes Boudjemline
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Putting patients first
Authors: S. Eaton, A. Collins, A. Coulter, G. Elwyn, N. Grazin, S. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2012)

NICE guidance on the patient experience is a welcome small step on a long journey

The recent publication of National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidance and quality standards on patient experience , 1 2 which are summarised in a linked article (doi:10.1136/bmj.d6422),3 provides some statutory weight to complement recent important recommendations on dignity in care from the NHS Confederation, the Local Government Association, and Age UK.4 The aims of the guidance, to create “sustainable change that will result in an ‘NHS cultural shift’ towards a truly patient-centred service” are laudable, and it is good to see that the principle that high quality patient experience should be at the heart of good clinical care is being upheld. Where implemented, NICE’s recommendations will lead to feasible and effective improvements in care. However, much of the guidance states the obvious, and many challenges remain to providing a health service that systematically, reliably, and demonstrably puts patients first.

It is a sad indictment of modern healthcare that we need such guidance in the first place. Restaurants and retailers may need to prompt new employees to offer good customer service, but most people would expect that delivering good service would be second nature for staff from the “the caring professions.” …
Annual reports of directors of public health.
Authors: I S Watt, S L Ibbotson, C Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

There has been a vision that the service would be mainly consultant provided since the Spens Committee report in 1948.8Through several reports since, that vision has remained unaltered and unachieved.34910Although there have been some modest variations, the ratio of junior doctors to consultants now is much the same as it was at the inception of the health service."The working group's report makes little reference to the strategic plans for the NHS or to the reforms.Both will affect the need for doctors and how consultants will be expected to work.One of the reasons why manpower planning has failed is that it has never been integrated with other NHS plans.This has left most medical activity "unmanaged" and ensured a continuing contradiction between professional aspirations to enhance the medical career structure and attempts to manage the health service in ways that accord primacy to other NHS goals.'2Why this happens warrants critical evaluation.For a profession that places such emphasis on its ability to examine evidence scientifically it is remarkable that it should manage its own affairs on the basis of opinion rather than testable fact.Dr Alistair Scotland, who was a member of the working party, asked some pertinent questions about consultant working patterns in 1990.13His questions remain unanswered, and, unless they are, Calman's report will not be successful as consultants at local level again react instinctively and pro- tectively against changes in their working patterns and increases in their number.Similarly, ministers and managers may refuse to implement plans that are expensive and do not seem linked to the overall strategic intent and direction of the health service.
A multicenter phase II study of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (MYOCET®) in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as first line therapy in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: M Vanturini, C Bighin, F Puglisi, A Contu, E Aitini, G Colucci, MC Merlano, A Paccagnella, G Marini, L Crinò, K Djazouli, A Barbato
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3156 The objective of the phase II study is to evaluate the cardiotoxicity, general safety, and efficacy of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, in combination with docetaxel and trastuzumab, as first line treatment of metastatic breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; Patients and methods: Patients (n = 31) with metastatic HER2-overexpressing breast cancer, who had not previously received chemotherapy for metastatic disease, received non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (50 mg/m2), docetaxel (75 mg/m2) every 3 weeks and trastuzumab (2 mg/kg/week) for up to eight cycles, followed by trastuzumab alone for up to 52 weeks. Cardiotoxicity was defined as signs and/or symptoms of congestive heart failure (CHF) and/or an absolute decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≥ 20 units or a decline to ≤ 45%. Patients were allowed to receive adjuvant doxorubicin or epirubicin to cumulative doses up to 240 mg/m2 or 450 mg/m2, respectively.&amp;#x2028; Results: The mean LVEF at baseline was 62.8 ± 7.1% and decreased to 60.2 ± 6.5% at cycle 2, but did not change significantly during the rest of the study; mean values at cycle 8 and at the end of the study were 58.7 ± 7.0% and 57.3 ± 9.5% respectively. One case of symptomatic CHF occurred during the study.&amp;#x2028; The most common adverse events were hematologic toxicities, alopecia, asthenia and fever. The Overall Response Rate was 65.5% (CR 31%, PR 34.5%).The median progression free survival was 15.5 months (95% CI 11-24 months). The average overall survival was 27.9 months.Conclusions: These results suggest that the combination of non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, docetaxel and trastuzumab has shown a good cardiac safety profile at a long term follow up, comparatively to recent published results data in HET study. A promising efficacy including CR and PFS has been noted in 1st line MBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3156.
Aseptic Management of Catheter Drainage
Authors: Robert E. Desautels
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

AN infected urinary tract has been accepted as an inevitable complication of the indwelling urinary catheter.1 2 3 This study was undertaken to demonstrate the effect of the application of aseptic technic to the drainage system.It was assumed that bacteria migrate through the fluid in the lumen of the drainage system or through the lumen of the urethra or sinus around the catheter4 and that spread by lymphatic or hematogenous routes would be uncommon.MethodsA sterile drainage set, consisting of a piece of straight rubber or plastic tubing and a bottle with a rubber two-hole stopper and adapter, was employed. . . .
966 IDX184, A LIVER-TARGETED NUCLEOTIDE HCV POLYMERASE INHIBITOR: RESULTS OF A FIRST-IN-MAN SAFETY AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
Authors: X.-J. Zhou, K. Pietropaolo, J. Sullivan-Bolyai, B. Kuca, W. Liu, L. Xu, B. Belanger, S. Khan, D. Mayers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Structural Basis for Signaling by Exclusive EDS1 Heteromeric Complexes with SAG101 or PAD4 in Plant Innate Immunity
Authors: Stephan Wagner, Johannes Stuttmann, Steffen Rietz, Raphael Guerois, Elena Brunstein, Jaqueline Bautor, Karsten Niefind, Jane E. Parker
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Computer-held Clinical Record System--II, Assessment
Authors: L. J. Opit, F. J. Woodroffe
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A real-time medical recording system installed in two general medical wards has proved to be unacceptable to many of the ward staff. Reasons for this include operational problems, such as the impossibility of providing a 24-hour service, and conceptual problems, such as the difficulty of adapting the method for recording case histories. It is suggested that an outpatient department might have been a better site for this trial, and that deliberate instruction in medical recording should be given to students as a prerequisite to successful computer record keeping.
Stimulation of angiotensin 1- and thromboxane A2-receptors of human hepatic arteries indicate a receptor-specific mechanism for the vascular hyporesponsiveness in cirrhosis
Authors: M. Schepke, J. Heller, S. Paschke, M. Neef, G. Molderings, M. Wolff, M. Malago, U. Spengler, T. Sauerbruch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Wilson's Disease (Hepatolenticular Degeneration) and Pregnancy
Authors: Fritz E. Dreifuss
Journal: JAMA (1966)

SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY punctuating Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) has been rarely reported.<sup>1-5</sup>Most case reports on women in the child-bearing age mention scanty and irregular menses, and it is further likely that the early development of tremor or cirrhosis might constitute a bar to marriage and pregnancy. Both Wilson's disease and pregnancy are associated with alteration in copper metabolism, in particular, that of ceruloplasmin. While this protein is markedly reduced in most cases of Wilson's disease, it is usually increased in pregnancy and by the administration of estrogens.<sup>6,7</sup>In pregnant patients with Wilson's disease, ceruloplasmin was found by Sternlieb and Scheinberg<sup>5</sup>to rise to almost normal concentrations, but other observers<sup>2</sup>found no significant increase. Uniformly, however, there appears to have been significant clinical improvement in the severity of Wilson's disease during, and in the months following, pregnancy. The following case report describes a patient with long-standing Wilson's
Environmental epidemiologic investigations in the styrene-butadiene rubber production industry.
Authors: R A Lemen, T J Meinhardt, M S Crandall, J M Fajen, D P Brown
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

A review of the literature and an update that is in progress of a previous retrospective cohort mortality study of the styrene-1,3-butadiene industry are discussed. The follow-up has now been extended from April 1, 1976, through December 31, 1981, for plant B and December 31, 1982, for plant A. The person-years at risk of death have gone from 34,187 to 43,341 in plant A and from 19,742 to 26,314 in plant B. Among the death certificates received to date, observed deaths have increased in both plants, with increases in cancers of the trachea, bronchus and lung and in lymphosarcomas, reticulosarcomas, and cancers of the overall lymphatic and hematopoietic system.