tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SG-02 * ROLE OF mTOR SIGNALLING PATHWAY IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF SUBEPENDYMAL GIANT CELL ASTROCYTOMAS
Authors: M. Sharma, K. Kumari, A. Kakkar, C. Sarkar, V. Suri, S. Chandra
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) are slow-growing benign intraventricular tumors whose pathogenesis is debated. Recent studies have shown that TSC1 and TSC2 genes are linked to the mTOR cell signalling pathway. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyze TSC1 and TSC2 gene mutation, protein expression of hamartin and tuberin, and protein expression of mTOR signalling cascade in a series of SEGA to determine their role in pathogenesis. METHODS: A total of 28 cases of SEGA were retrieved from archival material. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using antibodies against tuberin, hamartin, phospho-p70S6kinase, S6 ribosomal, phospho-S6 ribosomal, phospho-4E-BP1, Stat 3 and phospho-Stat 3. Mutation analysis of TSC1 (exons 15 and 17) and TSC2 (exons 33, 39 and 40) was done by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Loss of immunoexpression of either hamartin or tuberin was found in 19 cases (68%). Pathogenic point mutations in selected exons of TSC1 and TSC2 genes were present in 5 out of the 20 cases studied. Robust expression of mTOR downstream signalling molecules phospho-p70S6 Kinase (100%), S6 ribosomal (82%), phospho-S6 ribosomal (64%), phospho-4E-BP1 (64%) and Stat3 (100%) was seen. Four cases (14%) showed immunopositivity for phospho-stat3. There was no significant correlation of immunoexpression of mTOR pathway proteins with immunoloss of tuberin and hamartin. CONCLUSION: There is a definite role for TSC1 and TSC2 genes in the pathogenesis of SEGAs as evidenced by loss of protein expression and presence of pathogenic mutations. Strong expression of mTOR downstream signalling proteins indicates activation of mTOR pathway in SEGA, indicating a role for this pathway in their pathogenesis. However, how mTOR activation is linked to loss of function of TSC genes needs further elucidation.
Book Review Textbook of the Autoimmune Diseases Edited by Robert G. Lahita, with Nicholas Chiorazzi and Westley H. Reeves. 883 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2000. $169. 0-7817-1505-9
Authors: Martha M. Eibl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)
ACUTE ACETANILID POISONING.
Authors: JOHN BOYD TYRRELL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

C. H. M., male, aged 52, came to this city from his home in Idaho to visit relatives. While here he complained of severe headache most of the time. Not getting relief from ordinary "headache pills" and "headache powders," he went to one of the local drug stores and bought an ounce of acetanilid in powder, bulk, took it to the hotel at which he was stopping, and took what he said was a half teaspoonful. He was relieved of his headache in a short time, and in about two hours went down town to do some shopping. As he was walking down town he noticed that he was weak, but paid no attention to it. He went into a barber shop for a shave, and scared the barber by his "terrible blueness," as the barber expressed it to me afterward. However, the barber shaved him, and felt very much
Acute Appendicitis Associated With a Trichobezoar
Authors: Amarjit S. Kochar
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although the incidence of acute appendicitis is slowly decreasing, it still is the most common cause of acute abdomen. The pathophysiology involved in acute appendicitis is luminal obstruction causing distention, bacterial stasis, necrosis, and, eventually, perforation. The luminal obstruction in children is generally due to hyperplasia of the submucosal lymphoid tissues and in older adults is generally due to fecaliths. Occasionally, obstruction by foreign bodies or parasites such as vegetable seeds, inspissated barium, gallstones, or pinworms and, rarely, luminal obstruction due to tumors of the wall of the appendix or the cecum can occur. I would like to describe briefly a young patient with acute appendicitis because of luminal obstruction due to a trichobezoar (human hair). <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 9-year-old girl was admitted to St Mary Medical Center, Hobart, Ind, because of sudden onset of abdominal pain. The pain was initially localized to the periumbilical
Herpes gestationis and the "pill".
Authors: C. Dupont
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Sir--I wish to report a case of herpes gestationis in a patient on oestrogen-progesterone oral contraceptives.  A female patient (para-2) ages 28 years developed an itchy polymorphic symmetrical grouped eruption on thighs legs arms and chest on four separate occasions consisting of bullae principally with some erythema and small papules.  The initial attack was in July 1966 when she was placed on oestrogen for lactation suppression disappearing when this therapy ceased.  A second attack occurred in the last month of her second pregnancy in August 1967 going soon after parturition.  The third attack began a week after starting on an oestrogen-progesterone oral contraceptive in October 1967 ceasing only when tablets were stopped.  Changing the brand to another oestrogen contraceptive produced her last attack.  When seen in February 1968 the diagnosis of eythema multiforme and dermatitis herpetiformis were considered but the lesions were grouped very itchy absent on hands and feet and no ringed lesions were seen and a therapeutic trial of  dapsone 100 mg. b.d. for dermatitis herpetiformis for a week had no effect.  The only successful measure was to stop oral contraceptives.  In view of the paucity of reports (26 November 1966 p.  1324 30 May 1964 p. 1425) of herpes gestationis on patients receiving oral contraceptives and the aetiology of this condition being sometimes attributed to hormonal imbalance I thought it worth while to bring it to your attention.(Full text)
A130: Is the CCR5-delta32 Mutation Protective Against Systemic-Onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis?
Authors: Vyacheslav Chasnyk, Elena Fedorova, Andrey Egorov, Tatiana Ammosova, Sergei Nekhai, Mikhail Kostik, Andrei Santimov, Margarita Dubko, Olga Kalashnikova, Vera Masalova, Tatyana Likhacheva, Ludmila Snegireva, Alexei Grom
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

The CCR5 protein is a chemokine receptor, and is known to be expressed on T cells, macrophages, dendritic and microglia cells. It is believed that different prevalence of HLA and CCR5- delta32-a 32 base pair deletion in the coding region-in various ethnic groups is associated with the severity and prevalence of chemokine-mediated autoimmune diseases, systemic-onset Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (soJIA) being among them (Del Rincon et al., 2003). Since the end of the last century the protective role of the CCR5-delta32 mutation against JIA is discussed (Hinks et al., 2010), though it seems the role of this mutation is less simple than was hitherto thought. The purposes of the study was to compare the prevalence of the CCR5-delta32 mutation in children with and without soJIA, to assess the association of this mutation with the severity of the disease and thus to evaluate its protective role.234 children (193 of European origin, 25-Hispanic or Latino, 14-Afro-Americans, 3-of Asian origin) with soJIA living in the USA and in the Northwestern part of Russia were enrolled in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood samples using QIAamp Mini Kit and amplified by PCR. The following oligonucleotide primers were used to detect CCR5 d32: CCR5- Δ32-F: 5'CTTCATTACACCTGCAGTC3', CCR5-Δ32-R: 5'TGAAGATAAGCCTCACAGCC3' by following condition: 95°-5'×1; 95°-15″→55°-15″→72°-60″×40; 72°-10'×3→4°-∞; the resulting PCR products were separated on 2% agarose gel by electrophoresis and visualized by Gel Doc XR Plus.Mutation was revealed only in children of European origin. Though the prevalence of the heterozygous CCR5-delta32 mutation being 16% and 21% in the USA and in Russia correspondingly didn't excel from its prevalence in populations in total (10-18% for Northwestern Russia, Kofiady, 2008; 11,8%- for white American group, Downer et al, 2002), some laboratory and clinical signs of soJIA proved to be related to the mutation (see ). Heterozygous CCR5-delta32 genotype was associated with milder so-JIA course and predominance of the articular features over systemic. [Table: see text]The results of the study may be considered rather not supporting the idea of the protective role of the CCR5-delta32 mutation against soJIA, though the revealed associations-most of them related to the signs of the Macrophage Associated Syndrome-can be the basis for a more sophisticated research.
Reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors early after liver transplantation prevents recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Manuel Rodríguez-Perálvarez, Emmanuel Tsochatzis, María Carmen Naveas, Giulia Pieri, Carmen García-Caparrós, James O’Beirne, Antonio Poyato-González, Gustavo Ferrín-Sánchez, Jose Luis Montero-Álvarez, David Patch, Douglas Thorburn, Javier Briceño, Manuel De la Mata, Andrew Kenneth Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Lentiviral-mediated miRNA against osteopontin suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Bing-Sheng Sun, Qiong-Zhu Dong, Qing-Hai Ye, Hai-Jing Sun, Hu-Liang Jia, Xiao-Qun Zhu, Dao-Yong Liu, Jie Chen, Qiong Xue, Hai-Jun Zhou, Ning Ren, Lun-Xiu Qin
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract In our previous study, osteopontin (OPN) was identified as one of the leading genes that promote the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism by which OPN promotes metastasis of HCC is not understood. In this study, RNA interference mediated by viral vectors—which could induce a long-lasting down-regulation in gene expression—was applied to analyze the role of OPN in metastasis of HCC. Three lentiviral vectors encoding microRNA against OPN, Lenti.OPNi-1, Lenti.OPNi-2, and Lenti.OPNi-3, were constructed and found to down-regulate the OPN level by 62%, 78%, and 95%, respectively, in HCCLM3 cells which had an overexpression of OPN and a higher metastatic potential. Consequently, both Lenti.OPNi-2 and Lenti.OPNi-3 induced a significant decrease in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and urokinase plasminogen activator expression, and led to an obvious inhibition of both in vitro invasion and in vivo lung metastasis of HCCLM3 cells ( P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, Lenti.OPNi-3, rather than Lenti.OPNi-2, could also suppress in vitro proliferation and in vivo tumor growth of HCCLM3. Smaller detectable tumors were found in only 50% of mice after implantation of Lenti.OPNi-3–transfected HCCLM3 cells (341 ± 502.6 mm3 versus &gt;3500 mm3 in controls; P &lt; 0.001). Lenti.OPNi-3, not Lenti.OPNi-2, significantly suppressed the MEK/ERK1/2 pathway in HCCLM3 cells. Recombinant OPN was found to induce translocation of p65 into the nucleus of HCC cells and activation of MMP-2 and MEK/ERK/1/2, which were suppressed by the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. Conclusion: OPN plays an important role in metastasis as well as tumor growth of HCC, in which different minimum threshold levels of OPN are needed. These effects may occur through activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways, and MMP-2. OPN could be a hopeful target for the control of HCC. (Hepatology 2008;48:1834-11842.)
Glucose Metabolism in NSCLC Is Histology-Specific and Diverges the Prognostic Potential of 18FDG-PET for Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Olga C.J. Schuurbiers, Tineke W.H. Meijer, Johannes H.A.M Kaanders, Monika G. Looijen-Salamon, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Miep A. van der Drift, Erik H.F.M van der Heijden, Wim J. Oyen, Eric P. Visser, Paul N. Span, Johan Bussink
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Leprosy Control Methods
Authors: Richard S. Buker
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The three methods used in the control of leprosy are the colony, the treatment clinic with survey and education, and the leprosy village, which is the least known. Colonies have failed because of expense and the refusal of many persons with leprosy to be isolated from normal life. Clinics are of value in reducing the number of cripples and patients with advanced stages of the disease. However, due to the expense of having adequately trained paramedical workers, and the inability to persuade more than 50% of the patients to take medication for more than five years, the clinics do not control leprosy. The leprosy village is the most economical, for the patients are self-supporting and are more willing to remain isolated. Once established, the village remains permanent. The study of villages of more than 20 years duration shows no contact cases except in children of patients who lived before the era of diaminodiphenylsulfone.
Hepatitis from Clams
Authors: J. Clark Huff
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The letter by Feingold (225:526, 1973), "Hepatitis from Eating Steamed Clams," again illustrates the possibility that viral hepatitis can be acquired from the ingestion of raw or inadequately steamed clams. The purpose of this letter is to bring to the readers' attention a small outbreak of five cases of viral hepatitis presumably related to eating inadequately steamed clams, which was described recently.<sup>1</sup>The exposure occured on Cape Cod in July 1971; 6 of 12 persons at a family reunion ate clams bought locally and steamed until the shells opened. Five of the six later became clinically ill with hepatitis. The one who ate clams but had no recognized illness received gamma globulin as prophylaxis when hepatitis cases were first recognized. All five ill persons denied having had exposure to other hepatitis patients, blood transfusions, parenteral drugs, and recent foreign travel. All six persons who did not
Does Body Mass Index Adequately Convey a Patient's Mortality Risk?
Authors: Steven B. Heymsfield, William T. Cefalu
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Management of Pulmonary Tuberculosis during Pregnancy
Authors: R. B. Pridie, P. Stradling
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Frotni Hatninersinith C/lest Clittic and tile Postgraduate Medicatl Scliool of Lotnldon It was long held that the first trimester of pregnancy and the immediate post-partum period were particularly dangerous times in the life of a woman with tuberculosis.Review of the literature of recent years, however, shows that there have been numerous papers which failed to support this view.On the contrary, although statistical proof is lacking, most authors claim that pregnancy has little detrimental effect on the tuberculosis.This conclusion was common in the literature even before the chemotherapy era (Cohen, 1946; Friedman and Garber, 1946; Stewart and Simmonds, 1947).If the mass of evidence failed to prove the harmful- ness of pregnancy before the advent of chemotherapy, how much safer must pregnancy be in the tuberculous woman to-day.This is fully endorsed by many authors
Beyond Information
Authors: Ronald M. Epstein, Ellen Peters
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
It shouldn't happen to a vet
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Vets used to be drawn from farming stock—they usually had too many teeth, too few teeth, too much hair, too little hair, no eyebrows, only a monobrow or were too tall, too short, too fat, too thin—all in the uniform of check shirt and waxed jacket. These were the academic elite, when getting three As at A-levels was the result not of private tutors, parental appeals, or fanatical swotting but something called brains. A macho profession to every man and woman, they were academic boars not …
“Acanthocytogenesis” — Or How the Red Cell Won Its Spurs
Authors: Stephen B. Shohet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

A decade ago, Smith, Lonergan and Sterling noted that peculiarly shaped erythrocytes could be found in patients with hemolysis associated with severe liver disease.1 Although these poikilocytes were morphologically indistinguishable from the "acanthocytes" found in a-beta-lipoproteinemia, they were easily distinguished chemically by an absolute increase in membrane-free cholesterol. Subsequent studies by Cooper and others have convincingly demonstrated that the increase in membrane cholesterol is an acquired property secondary to some abnormality in the plasma of patients with liver disease. Moreover, at least early in the process, the change was found to be reversible when such cholesterol-enriched cells were incubated in . . .
Consultant physicians should be appraised annually
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The Royal College of Physicians in England wants all consultant physicians to be appraised each year and their job plans reviewed with a clinical or medical director.

The proposal is part of a five point clinical governance plan for maintaining good medical practice, and follows the proposals for revalidation issued recently by the General Medical Council(6 February, p 349). Both documents are responses to the criticisms that the profession …
Treatment of eczema with cyclophosphamide and azathioprine*
Authors: J. G. L. MORRISON, E. J. SCHULZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Nine patients with eczema were treated with the immunosuppressive drugs cyclophosphamide and azathioprine. In all patients the eczema was severe and incapacitating and had not responded satisfactorily to systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy. The eczema improved in all patients and systemic corticosteroids, which had resulted in undesirable side-effects, could be decreased or stopped. Leukopenia was not necessary for achieving clinical improvement. Several months of treatment were needed to obtain significant improvement in the eczema and long term remissions followed cessation of therapy.
795 GOLD-THIOGLUCOSE WITH HIGH FAT DIES PROVIDES COMPREHENSIVE MICE MODELS OF NASH
Authors: M. Ono, M. Ogasawara, A. Hirose, T. Ochi, K. Munekage, Y. Nozaki, M. Takahashi, N. Okamoto, S. Iwasaki, T. Saibara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
New Opportunities for Prevention of Meningococcal Disease
Authors: Bradley A. Perkins
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hairy leukemic cells which hyperexpress I<sub>i</sub> do not demonstrate I<sub>i</sub> genome alterations by restriction endonuclease analysis
Authors: David I. Owerbach, William L. Elliott, Robert E. Humphreys
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract The finding of increased expression and apparently altered processing of I i in hairy leukemic cells led us to test for I i genomic alteration by Southern‐type I i cDNA hybridization to leukemic spleen DNA cleaved with a series of restriction endonucleases. Some insertions, deletions, or point mutations, potentially detectable by this technique, might correlate to alteration in expression and function of I j (and indirectly, class II antigens). No changes in genomic structure of I i were detected in DNA isolated from spleens of five patients with hairy cell leukemia, compared with DNA preparations from peripheral blood cells of nineteen healthy blood donors. These experiments were consistent with the view that gross structural alteration of the I i genome had not occurred in hairy leukemic cells.