tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systemic Arterial Disease with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: HELMAR G. ROSENBERG
Journal: Circulation (1973)

This report deals with two cases of infants who died of myocardial infarction. Autopsy revealed an occlusive, diffuse, generalized lesion in medium and small-sized arteries, with particular involvement of the heart, skin, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, pancreas, and liver. It showed a fibrous thickening of the intima; the internal lamina elastica, the media, and the adventitia remained unchanged. A pathogenic interpretation of the vascular lesions is attempted, and their asynchronism in the most seriously involved organs is pointed out. The vascular lesions have a great resemblance to those seen in progressive arterial occlusive disease. Despite the antecedent of chronic arsenic poisoning through drinking water, no demonstrable etiologic evidence was found in the vascular lesions; nevertheless, its connection with arsenic, as in blackfoot disease, should be considered.
Evidence for additional blood pressure correlates in adults 20-56 years old.
Authors: R J Havlik, R J Garrison, M Feinleib, S Padgett, W P Castelli, P M McNamara
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The offspring of parents belonging to the original Framingham Heart Study cohort, and spouses of these offspring, were examined beginning in 1971. Cardiovascular examinations similar to those performed on the parents in 1952-1953 were given to offspring and their spouses. The mean blood pressure (BP) appeared to be lower in the female offspring-spouses than in the cohort mothers. Comparable multivariate analyses on 3588 offspring and spouses of both sexes, ages 20-49 years, and 1842 parents, ages 30-49 years, confirmed the frequently reported importance of weight, heart rate, alcohol consumption, glucose and hematocrit or hemoglobin as independent positive correlates and smoking as an inverse correlate of botsured variables of total serum proteins and plasma triglycerides added significantly to prediction of BP in both sex groups, and a less striking negative association was found for serum phosphorus. The findings for serum proteins and triglycerides were supported in a separate population of middle-aged twin men. Even with the additional measured variables, only 28-34% of the total BP variance is explained in these populations.
Several US states resist expansion of healthcare coverage to poor people
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Governors of at least five US states have said that they will resist the expansion of healthcare insurance coverage to more poor people. The health reform law, the Affordable Care Act, was intended to cover about 17 million uninsured poor people aged under 65 by extending the Medicaid health insurance programme. 

Medicaid usually covers only pregnant women and poor parents and their children, not poor childless adults. About 57% of Medicaid costs are paid for by the federal government and the rest by the states. However, each state sets its own eligibility requirements for Medicaid, and some states are more generous than others.

The Affordable Care Act called for the expansion of Medicaid to cover about 17 million people on low or middle incomes but who were above the poverty level. The federal government promised to pay 100% of the cost for the first …
Variation in antibiotic prescribing and its impact on recovery in patients with acute cough in primary care: prospective study in 13 countries
Authors: C C Butler, K Hood, T Verheij, P Little, H Melbye, J Nuttall, M J Kelly, S Molstad, M Godycki-Cwirko, J Almirall, A Torres, D Gillespie, U Rautakorpi, S Coenen, H Goossens
Journal: BMJ (2009)

To describe variation in antibiotic prescribing for acute cough in contrasting European settings and the impact on recovery.Cross sectional observational study with clinicians from 14 primary care research networks in 13 European countries who recorded symptoms on presentation and management. Patients followed up for 28 days with patient diaries.Primary care.Adults with a new or worsening cough or clinical presentation suggestive of lower respiratory tract infection.Prescribing of antibiotics by clinicians and total symptom severity scores over time.3402 patients were recruited (clinicians completed a case report form for 99% (3368) of participants and 80% (2714) returned a symptom diary). Mean symptom severity scores at presentation ranged from 19 (scale range 0 to 100) in networks based in Spain and Italy to 38 in the network based in Sweden. Antibiotic prescribing by networks ranged from 20% to nearly 90% (53% overall), with wide variation in classes of antibiotics prescribed. Amoxicillin was overall the most common antibiotic prescribed, but this ranged from 3% of antibiotics prescribed in the Norwegian network to 83% in the English network. While fluoroquinolones were not prescribed at all in three networks, they were prescribed for 18% in the Milan network. After adjustment for clinical presentation and demographics, considerable differences remained in antibiotic prescribing, ranging from Norway (odds ratio 0.18, 95% confidence interval 0.11 to 0.30) to Slovakia (11.2, 6.20 to 20.27) compared with the overall mean (proportion prescribed: 0.53). The rate of recovery was similar for patients who were and were not prescribed antibiotics (coefficient -0.01, P<0.01) once clinical presentation was taken into account.Variation in clinical presentation does not explain the considerable variation in antibiotic prescribing for acute cough in Europe. Variation in antibiotic prescribing is not associated with clinically important differences in recovery.Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00353951.
OTOMYCOSIS: REPORT OF THREE CASES
Authors: P. M. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1927)

I am prompted to report these cases because of a recent article<sup>1</sup>on otomycosis by Dr. Joseph W. Miller of New York. <h3>REPORT OF CASES</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> —Mrs. F., aged 40, seen in my office, June 16, 1926, had never had any ear trouble until four days previously, when she noticed an itching and fulness in the right ear. Examination showed a large whitish gray mass, completely covering the membrana tympani and the lining of the bony canal wall. Strong irrigation dislodged the mass, which was like a cast of the drum membrane and inner canal wall. It was definitely a fungus growth macroscopically, so microscopic examination was not made. The ear was scrubbed out with 95 per cent alcohol and 2 per cent salicylic acid in alcohol prescribed for use at home. There were no further symptoms and no recurrences. <h3>Case 2.</h3>
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC AND CARDIOPULMONARY PHENOTYPES RELATED TO THE SEVERITY OF FUNCTIONAL MITRAL REGURGITATION DURING MAXIMAL EXERCISE TESTING IN HEART FAILURE
Authors: Francesco Bandera, Greta Generati, Marta Pellegrino, Valeria Donghi, Eleonora lfonzetti, ndrea Garatti, Marco Guazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Overseas doctors need more attention
Authors: R. Anwar
Journal: BMJ (2002)

While looking for a suitable surgical senior house officer (SHO) post, I sent off nearly 350 CVs in response to job advertisements. I spent a couple of hundred pounds on photocopying and postage. My qualifications were as follows: MB BS, MS Orth (India), MSc Trauma (UK), and MRCS Part I. I needed a six month post in a surgical specialty to be able to sit the second part of the MRCS exam.

I was not called for any interview until the last week of the job season. A hospital in Northern Ireland had appointed a surgical SHO who had backed out at the last minute. The hospital needed an SHO within a matter of days and approached a locum agency. I was offered the post, and accepted it, but in the end the countless number of hours that I had spent applying for jobs had been of no consequence.

It is difficult to understand why hospitals ask for countless CVs and application forms when …
Weapons of self-destruction
Authors: Ruth Williams
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) do not get rid of self-attacking B cells even when in symptom-free remission, report Yurasov et al. (page 2255).






Figure 1

Patients in remission have a lower percentage of autoreactive B cells (black) than do symptomatic SLE patients, but still considerably higher than healthy individuals.




Patients with SLE suffer from chronic inflammation mainly of the connective tissues and organs. Treatment with immunosuppressants or cytotoxic drugs relieves the symptoms of SLE by depleting B cells, but these patients in remission are prone to frequent flare-ups.

During normal B cell development, checkpoints identify and destroy cells that make antibodies against the self. Previous studies revealed high levels of self-reactive antibodies in patients with SLE compared with healthy people, but whether these cells persist in symptom-free remission patients was unknown.

Yurasov et al. used ELISA to look at the reactivity of individual B cell antibodies. They compared individual B cells from patients in remission with those from symptomatic patients as well as healthy individuals. Although patients in remission had fewer self-reactive B cells than symptomatic patients (34.25% versus 44.4%), they still had considerably more than healthy individuals (19.7%). The B cells analyzed by the team were “naive” and thus immature, suggesting that checkpoint failures early in B cell development are the cause of self-reactive antibodies in SLE.

The persistence of self-reactive B cells in remission patients might explain the occasional flare-ups and also suggests that, although the symptoms of SLE might disappear in remission, the faulty checkpoints remain.
A Case of Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
Authors: P. D. Trevor-Roper
Journal: BMJ (1944)

1il-I):CAAL JOUtRNAI.has been nio recur-rence after six weeks.The blood ascorbic conitent -ose to 0.84 mg./ 100 nil.CASE II A hcalthiy-looking married woman aged 38 complained of " acute pain in the front passage " a few days before menstruation and severe dysuria for four months.Owing to extreme pain and tender- niess sexual intercourse for the previous four months had been impossible.On examination there was a condition of granulomatous ulceration, involving the vaginal introitus, the suburethral angle, and the fourchette.There were also minute shallow ulcers within the vagina.Smears and cultur-es revealed no evidence of gonococcal or treponema infection.The Wassermann r-eaction was negative.Biopsies showed benign non-specific ulceration.The blood picture wN.as normal; the urine was sterile and sugar-free.The blood ascorbic content was 01.26 mg./100 ml.Ascorbic acid mg. 150t.d.s. was prescribed for three days and mg. 100 t.d.s. for a further four weeks.All ulceration disappeared in six days and the blood ascorbic content rose to 1.2 mg./ 100 ml.There has been no recurrence after five weeks.These cases have reminded one of uis (NI.K. L.) of similar vaginal conditions seen among West African natives and recognized as due to an avitaminosis.Varying degrees of avitamino- sis produced varying degrees of vaginitis.ranging from a mild irritation with no pain to excoriation with painful ulceration.Treatment with marmite, tomato juice, and citrous fruiits was always successful.The above cases were investigated and treated while under the care of Mr. J. A. Stallworthy, by whose kind permission we ptiblish th-mn.The ascorbic acid uised was the preparation redoxon.suipplied by Roche Products Ltd.
Inhibition of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 expression in human adipose tissue: An antithrombotic and antiatherogenic effect of ANP, CNP, and BNP
Authors: Andreas Zirlik, Anne Leughers, Sven von Saldern, Christoph Bode, Burton E. Sobel, Thomas K. Nordt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Relevance of educational objectives for medical education.
Authors: E W Pugh, G J Lloyd, N McIntyre
Journal: BMJ (1975)

50-0) 278 (1 7) 5 (33-3)l 361 (2 2) 13 (50-0)i 34 (1-6) 1 (50-0) 40 (1-6) 2 ( 100) 316 (2 0) 6 (46 2)i 1131 (1-9) 30 (46 9) 3-6 months 181 (3 6) 1 (16 7)l 614 (3 7) 6 (40 0) 614 (3-7) 7 (26 9)1 67 (3-2) 1 (50 0) 87 (3-6) 0 547 (3 4) 3 (23-1),
Asthmatic Deaths in Children
Authors: A. Kessler
Journal: JAMA (1966)

To the Editor:—  The editorial on asthmatic death in children ( 193 : 678, 1965) seems very important to us, considering the apparently paradoxical increased death rate in asthmatic children during the last ten years.  If we exclude from Richards' cases those who died under the age of 1 year (remembering the difficulty of clinical diagnosis of asthma in this age group), the increase of the mortality, particularly during the last few years, is even more impressive.  Each of the explanations given has its merits, but it is our feeling that the most important factor contributing to this increased death rate is long-term steroid adminstration. The progressive hypoadrenalism caused by prolonged steroid therapy results finally in a failure of response to even a mild infection. In this way it leads to the unexpected sudden death.
Coarctation of the aorta. Long-term follow-up and prediction of outcome after surgical correction.
Authors: M Cohen, V Fuster, P M Steele, D Driscoll, D C McGoon
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The long-term clinical course was studied in 646 patients, who underwent isolated operative repair of coarctation of the aorta at the Mayo Clinic from 1946 to 1981. There were 17 perioperative deaths, and 58 patients were lost to follow-up. Of the 571 patients with long-term follow-up, 11% required subsequent cardiovascular surgery, and 25% developed hypertension. There were 87 late deaths. The mean age at death was 38 years (range, 0-67 years). Estimated survival analysis revealed 91% of patients alive at 10, 84% at 20, and 72% at 30 years after operative repair. The most common cause of late death was coronary artery disease in 32 patients, followed by sudden death, heart failure, cerebrovascular accidents, and ruptured aortic aneurysm. Age, sex, and postoperative systolic blood pressure were found to be independently predictive of survival. For patients less than 14 years of age at the time of initial coarctectomy, survival to 20 years was 91%, and for patients 14 years or older at the time of operation, survival was 79%. The best survivorship was observed in patients operated on at 9 years of age or less. The higher the postoperative systolic pressure, the higher the probability of death. This study has the largest population undergoing repair of coarctation of the aorta with a median follow-up of as long as 20 years. Four main points emerged. 1) Age at the time of initial repair is the most important predictor of long-term survival. Surgery should be offered to patients after age 1 year or sooner if hypertension is severe. 2) Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of late death.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Relapse Pattern of GOG 122 Trial Should Be More Informative
Authors: Enis Ozyar, Mine Genc
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

IN REPLY:The determination of CYP2D6 enzyme status in women receiving tamoxifen for the prevention of breast cancer is critically important because our data 1,2 suggest that the benefit of tamoxifen in preventing breast cancer might be restricted to those patients who are able to fully activate tamoxifen to its active metabolite, endoxifen.Bonanni et al, in response to our article, 2 evaluated the frequency of the CYP2D6 *4 genotype in a nested case-control study derived from the Italian chemoprevention trial and found the frequency of the CYP2D6 *4/*4 genotype to be higher in 46 tamoxifentreated women who developed breast cancer (cases) than in 136 tamoxifen-treated women who did not develop breast cancer (controls).They also noted that the three tamoxifen-treated women who were homozygous for the CYP2D6 *4 genotype and developed breast cancer experienced hot flashes, but the grades were not reported.We commend Bonanni et al for their assessment of the role of CYP2D6 in women who received tamoxifen for the prevention of breast cancer and are pleased that their findings support the importance of CYP2D6 genotype in determining efficacy of tamoxifen.The findings in their relatively small study should provide a strong incentive to examine larger and available datasets to more robustly establish the relationship between CYP2D6 genotype and outcomes in women treated with tamoxifen in the prevention setting.When this is performed, attention should be paid to examining coadministration of CYP2D6 inhibitors such as those commonly used for the treatment of hot flashes.This suggestion is based on the fact that antidepressants commonly coprescribed with tamoxifen for the treatment of depression or hot flashes confound the effect of CYP2D6 genotype on plasma endoxifen levels by significantly lowering plasma endoxifen concentrations in CYP2D6-intermediate and -extensive metabolizers. 1Despite supporting our report relating genotype to tamoxifen efficacy, it should be noted that the patients and controls in the report by Bonanni et al were matched for age but apparently not for length of follow-up or breast cancer risk profile (eg, Gail model).Finally, the authors noted that all of the tamoxifen-treated women who were homozygous for the CYP2D6 *4 genotype and who developed breast cancer also experienced hot flashes and that this finding was in variance with ours.We demonstrated that none (0%) of the women homozygous for the *4 allele experienced grade 2 (moderate) or grade 3 (severe) hot flashes compared with 20% of women homozygous or heterozygous for the wild-type allele.In these same patients, there was no difference in the incidence of grade 1 (mild) hot flashes.These data suggest that hot flash intensity (not incidence) is dependent on the metabolic activation of tamoxifen by CYP2D6, with the most intense hot flashes occurring in patients with maximal metabolic activation.
Diabetes Rising: How a Rare Disease Became a Modern Pandemic, and What to Do About It
Authors: Paul Gordon
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
James Anderson Moncur
Authors: H. E. Robson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1990)

It is with great regret that we heard of the death of Jimmy Moncur in December 1989 shortly after he moved from Glasgow to Wales to be near his family.He was born on 2 February 1919 and spent his early childhood in Dundee and obtained the Diploma of Physical Education at the Scottish School of Physical Education at Jordanhill College, Glasgow just before the war.During the war Jimmy served in a combatant unit and afterwards studied medicine at St Andrew's University, qualifying in 1951.After house jobs he worked as junior hospital medical officer at Bridge of Earn Hospital Fitness Centre and took the Diploma of Physical Medicine.He applied his experience as a teacher of physical education to his clinical work and it was an obvious step to sports medicine.In the late 1950s
MafB oncoprotein detected by immunohistochemistry as a highly sensitive and specific marker for the prognostic unfavorable t(14;20) (q32;q12) in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Ev Stralen, R J Leguit, H Begthel, L Michaux, A Buijs, H Lemmens, J M Scheiff, C Doyen, P Pierre, F Forget, H C Clevers, BJEG Bast
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Case 18182
Authors: Ashton Graybiel, J. H. Means, Paul D. White, Howard B. Sprague, Tracy B. Mallory
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1932)

Case Records of the Massachusetts General Hospital from The New England Journal of Medicine — Case 18182 — Elevation of Basal Metabolism and Transient Positive Blood Cultures in a Case of Rheumatic Heart Disease
P167 Efficacy and safety of omalizumab in real–world clinical practice in Indian patients with allergic (IgE-mediated) asthma: analysis by baseline severity of asthma: Abstract P167 Table 1.
Authors: Z Udwadia, R Narasimhan, VK Ratnavelu, M Kotnis
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3></h3> Omalizumab (OMA) is a humanised anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibody, indicated as add-on therapy for moderate-to-severe persistent allergic (IgE–mediated) asthma. Here, we report the interim results of a 52-week observational study of OMA in patients in India, stratified by baseline severity of asthma. In this open-label, non-comparative, non-interventional study, patients (age =12 years) with moderate-to-severe persistent allergic asthma, inadequately controlled despite ICS + LABA (GINA step 4) treatment, were recruited. All patients were receiving OMA at baseline. Outcomes were assessed every 4 weeks, and included exacerbations, days missed at college or work, hospitalizations, and mean change (D) in FEV<sub>1</sub>, ACQ5 score, ACT score and oral corticosteroid (OCS) dose versus baseline. Adverse events were also recorded. Asthma severity was assessed at baseline, in accordance with GINA guidelines, and classified as either moderate (group 1) or severe (group 2). Data were analysed using chi-squared and paired t-tests. All parameters were compared between baseline and Week 28 post-OMA treatment. To date, 100 patients have completed 28 weeks of follow-up (36 patients in group 1 and 64 in group 2). Results are presented in the Table. The proportion of patients with =1 exacerbation, missing any day at work/college and requiring hospitalisation decreased appreciably in both groups. There was also significant improvement in lung function and asthma control, and a reduction in OCS need. Overall, 5 patients (5%) reported adverse events (AEs), of whom 2 (2%) reported serious AEs (SAEs). The most frequent non-serious AEs were gastrointestinal (GI) and nervous system disorders and were suspected to be related to omalizumab. GI, respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal SAEs were reported, but were not suspected to be related to omalizumab. All reported AEs and SAEs resolved with treatment. 28 weeks’ treatment with omalizumab was associated with reductions in asthma exacerbations and OCS requirements, and improvements in lung function and asthma control, that were comparable between patients with moderate or severe asthma at baseline