tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5659: Down-regulation of hTERT sensitizes chemotherapeutic effects of docetaxel in human prostate cancer cells via suppression of PIM-1 oncogene
Authors: Ashoka S. Rajendra, Shankar Jagadeesh, Partha P. Banerjee
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Taxanes comprise some of the most widely used cancer chemotherapeutic agents for various cancers. Docetaxel is an effective first-line treatment for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. However, despite the recently demonstrated survival benefits of docetaxel-based chemotherapy, most patients will move from response to progression within 6 months. Moreover, effective concentrations of docetaxel have side effects including localized erythema of the extremities with edema followed by desquamation, severe neuropathy, fatigue, and weakness which can have debilitating effects in patients with prostate cancer. One reason for disease progression is the up-regulation of PIM-1 expression following docetaxel treatment of prostate cancer cells. PIM-1 is a serine-threonine kinase that promotes survival by inhibiting the activity of apoptotic proteins. In a recent study, we observed that a telomerase suppressing small molecule MST-312, and hTERT siRNA down-regulated PIM-1 protein level in prostate cancer cells. These results prompted us to investigate whether combination of docetaxel with inhibition of telomerase by MST-312 or TERT siRNA would have synergistic effects on prostate cancer cell growth and induce death. Treatment of PC3 cells with 1 nM of docetaxel for 3 days substantially promoted the viability of cells compared to the control, with a 27% increase in cell number. This increase was associated with the up-regulation of PIM-1. Treatment of telomerase inhibitory concentration (2 μM) of MST-312 over 3 days resulted in a 51% decrease in cell viability relative to the 1 nM docetaxel treated groups, associated with a decrease in PIM-1 protein levels. More interestingly, treatment of 2 μM MST-312 with 1 nM docetaxel for 3 days resulted in 72% reduction in cell viability compared to docetaxel alone and 43% reduction in cell viability compared to MST-312 alone. This combined treatment also resulted in lower levels of PIM-1 activity than MST-312 or docetaxel treatment alone. These results suggest that there is synergy between the combination of telomerase inhibitor MST-312 with docetaxel in the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. This can be explained by the down-regulation of PIM-1 kinase that promotes resistance to docetaxel treatment. These findings suggest potential clinical benefit by the combined use of docetaxel and telomerase inhibitors for prostate cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5659.
The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Plasma Catecholamines and Blood Pressure in Patients With Mild Essential Hypertension
Authors: John J. Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The effects of a 16-week aerobic exercise program on blood pressure and plasma catecholamine levels were evaluated in 56 patients with baseline diastolic blood pressure of 90 to 140 mm Hg. The exercise group significantly improved their physical fitness, and reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressures, compared with controls. To evaluate the relationship between exercise, blood pressure, and plasma catecholamine values, the exercise group was further divided into hyperadrenergic and normoadrenergic subgroups. Reductions in systolic pressures were 6.3 mm Hg, 10.3 mm Hg, and 15.5 mm Hg for control, normoadrenergic, and hyperadrenergic groups, respectively. Diastolic changes were similar and also significant. Within the hyperadrenergic group, changes in blood pressures were associated with changes in values for plasma catecholamines following training. We conclude that an aerobic exercise program reduces blood pressure, which is at least partially mediated by changes in plasma catecholamine levels. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:2609-2613)
Role of Positive Selection Pressure on the Evolution of H5N1 Hemagglutinin
Authors: Venkata R.S.K. Duvvuri, Bhargavi Duvvuri, Wilfred R. Cuff, Gillian E. Wu, Jianhong Wu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2009)

Abstract The surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) helps the influenza A virus to evade the host immune system by antigenic variation and is a major driving force for viral evolution. In this study, the selection pressure on HA of H5N1 influenza A virus was analyzed using bioinformatics algorithms. Most of the identified positive selection (PS) sites were found to be within or adjacent to epitope sites. Some of the identified PS sites are consistent with previous experimental studies, providing further support to the biological significance of our findings. The highest frequency of PS sites was observed in recent strains isolated during 2005–2007. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted on HA sequences from various hosts. Viral drift is almost similar in both avian and human species with a progressive trend over the years. Our study reports new mutations in functional regions of HA that might provide markers for vaccine design or can be used to predict isolates of pandemic potential.
Term Pregnancy—Reply
Authors: Catherine Y. Spong
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Basophil-Derived Interleukin-4 Controls the Function of Natural Helper Cells, a Member of ILC2s, in Lung Inflammation
Authors: Yasutaka Motomura, Hideaki Morita, Kazuyo Moro, Susumu Nakae, David Artis, Takaho A. Endo, Yoko Kuroki, Osamu Ohara, Shigeo Koyasu, Masato Kubo
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Pertussis Vaccine Encephalopathy
Authors: John A. Tilelli
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  We read with interest the article by Griffin et al 1 that recently appeared in JAMA and concur with the authors that the incidence of encephalopathy with permanent neurological sequelae after diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) immunization is low, and is probably lower than that calculated from the often-quoted British National Childhood Encephalopathy Study. 2 These data reinforce the conclusion that DTP vaccination is safe in an overwhelming number of children. We believe, however, that it is hazardous to draw the conclusion, as the authors do, that DTP immunization might never cause permanent neurological disease. The absence in this population of unexplained encephalopathy does not help to reconcile the reports of such events in the case literature and of their continued observation by individual pediatricians. It has been suggested that most of these events are coincidental occurrences, 3 but none were observed in this prospective study: their absence does not
Doctors favour legalising assisted suicide for dying patients
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Just over half of British doctors questioned in a survey say they would welcome a law that allows them to help terminally ill people to end their life.

The survey, by the research organisation Medix UK, also found that 45% of the 1000 doctors questioned believe their colleagues are helping terminally ill patients to die. But as the law currently stands, their actions put them at risk of life imprisonment every time.

Over a quarter of the doctors surveyed (27%) said they had been asked by a patient for help to die.

Altogether, 56% of doctors said they were in favour of legislation to allow assisted suicide for terminally ill patients, provided there were stringent safeguards and national guidelines. Just under …
TCT-178 Impact of Varying Injury Severity and Multiple Treatments on Arterial Histopathology Early After Paclitaxel Coated Balloon Treatment of the Iliofemoral Arteries of Domestic Swine
Authors: Maxwell Afari, Armando Tellez, Seung-Jin Oh, Krzysztof Milewski, Piotr Buszman, Renu Virmani, Juan Granada, Greg Kaluza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Polyclonal Resistance in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Treated with Sequential Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Maurice B. Loughrey, Paul M. Waring, Alex Dobrovic, George Demetri, Serge Kovalenko, Grant McArthur
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

To the Editor: We read with interest the article by Wardelmann et al. ([1][1]) describing the evolution of multiple secondary KIT mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) associated with resistance to treatment with imatinib mesylate. We have witnessed a similar emergence of multiple
Hypertrophic responsiveness of cardiomyocytes to α‐ or β‐adrenoceptor stimulation requires sodium‐proton‐exchanger‐1 (NHE‐1) activation but not cellular alkalization
Authors: Matthias Schäfer, Claudia Schäfer, Hans Michael Piper, Klaus‐Dieter Schlüter
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2002)
Timothy Roy Fenton
Authors: A. Evans
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Consultant paediatrician Greenwich, London (b Bromley 1948; q St Bartholomew's Hospital 1972; MSc, MD), died from a heart attack on 13 April 2002.

Tim embarked upon a career in adult medicine, but changed direction, spending a year as house physician in paediatrics in Johannesburg. Returning to London he did registrar posts at Queen's in Hackney, and Great Ormond Street, and spent three years in gastroenterology research at the Institute of Child Health, London. Tim was also active in medical politics, sitting on various committees, including the BMA council, and chairing many others. He was appointed consultant at Greenwich in 1988. Tim's handwriting was famously impossible to read. In recent years it became progressively smaller until this and other symptoms led last year to a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. He leaves a wife, Lesley; and three daughters.
Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch Predicts Structural Valve Degeneration in Bioprosthetic Heart Valves
Authors: Willem Flameng, Marie-Christine Herregods, Monique Vercalsteren, Paul Herijgers, Kris Bogaerts, Bart Meuris
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Prosthesis-patient mismatch (P-PtM) after aortic valve replacement results in disturbed valve performance associated with increased pressure gradients. However, it is unknown whether this can be related to future structural valve deterioration (SVD) of the bioprosthesis.In 564 patients (mean age, 74+/-5 years) receiving an aortic valve bioprosthesis, clinical follow-up (median, 6.1 years; maximum, 16.4 years) was analyzed including echocardiography. SVD was diagnosed in 40 patients (7%) as substantially increased stenosis (n=24) or regurgitation (n=16) of the operated valve over time. When patients with P-PtM (effective orifice area index <0.85 cm(2)/m(2); n=285) developed SVD, it was preferentially of the stenosis type, whereas when patients without P-PtM (n=279) developed SVD, the majority was of the incompetence type (P<0.05). Multivariable analysis including patient- and valve-related variables revealed that P-PtM and label size </=21 were independent predictors of SVD (P=0.04 and P=0.02, respectively). A nonparametric Turnbull estimate analysis showed that SVD is virtually nonexistent for up to 9 years in patients without P-PtM. Thereafter, SVD starts to occur and is mainly of the incompetence-type SVD (79% of cases). In patients with P-PtM, SVD starts to occur after 2 to 3 years after implantation and is mainly of the stenosis-type SVD (81% of cases).These data suggest that stenosis-type SVD is an early, P-PtM-related, and thus preventable phenomenon. Incompetence-type SVD is a time-dependent, nonspecific wear damage to bioprosthetic valves, which is not related to P-PtM.
Coronary Heart Disease and Iron Status
Authors: John Danesh, Paul Appleby
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Studies of iron status and coronary heart disease (CHD) have yielded conflicting results. In a systematic review (“meta-analysis”), we quantitatively assessed epidemiological associations reported in prospective studies. Methods and Results —Studies were identified by computer-assisted searches of the published literature, scanning of relevant reference lists, hand searching of relevant journals, and discussions with relevant authors. The following was abstracted: size and type of cohort, mean age, mean duration of follow-up, assay methods, degree of adjustment for confounders, and relationship of CHD risk to the baseline assay results. Twelve studies were identified, involving a total of 7800 CHD cases, with several reporting on &gt;1 marker of iron status. For serum ferritin, with 570 CHD cases in 5 studies, comparison of individuals with baseline values ≥200 versus &lt;200 μg/L yielded a combined risk ratio of 1.0 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.3). For transferrin saturation, with 6194 CHD cases in 5 studies, comparison of individuals in the top third with those in the bottom third of the baseline measurements yielded a combined risk ratio of 0.9 (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1). Comparisons of individuals in top and bottom thirds of baseline measurements also yielded nonsignificant risk ratios in combined analyses of studies involving total iron-binding capacity (combined risk ratio, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.5), serum iron (0.8; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.0), and total dietary iron (0.8; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.1). Conclusions —Published prospective studies do not provide good evidence to support the existence of strong epidemiological associations between iron status and CHD.
Antigenic Properties of Human Tumours: Delayed Cutaneous Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: L. E. Hughes, B. Lytton
Journal: BMJ (1964)

to random variation, which seems unlikely, or to the effect of variables not studied in this survey.Further studies, using other variables, such as serum-lipid levels, smoking habit, amount of physical activity, and, when such tests become available, assessment of thrombotic activity, would clearly be of interest. SummaryThe area of aortic surface occupied by different types of plaque was determined by a tracing and planimetry technique on 336 unselected necropsy specimens, and on 116 specimens from patients with cardiac infarction.The area of the standard aortic segment studied was found to increase with age in a linear fashion, and the implications of this for the assessment and interpretation of aortic disease are discussed.The area of fatty streaking was found to be unrelated to age, sex, aortic area, and diastolic blood-pressure, whereas the area occupied by raised plaques was related to these factors.These findings emphasize the differential behaviour of the two types of plaque.Although raised plaques showed a relationship to these factors, some 60-80% of the variability of aortic disease observed in our sample was not accounted for by the factors considered, nor was any explanation found for the increased amount of disease seen in patients with myocardial infarction.Random variations, or the effect of factors other than those studied, must account for this residual variability and for the differences between a group of patients with cardiac infarction and an unselected necropsy group.
Parents in the recovery room
Authors: P. Townsend, P. M Spargo
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—P A Hall and colleagues are in favour of parents being in the recovery room as their child recovers “whenever possible.”1 Some responses to their questionnaire, however, do not seem to support this view. On the postoperative parental questionnaire 23 of 132 parents said that they felt anxious, and the authors themselves quote Bevan et …
Safety of Picolax (sodium picosulphate-magnesium citrate) in inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: A. J. McDonagh, P. Singh, W. J. Pilbrow, G. R. Youngs
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Le picolax est utilise dans la preparation de 267 malades a des examens endoscopiques ou radiologiques; 48 sont atteints de colite ulcerative, 7 de maladie de Crohn. Les effets secondaires indesirables (augmentation des selles par 24 h) sont moins frequents chez ces malades que chez les autres
Education for a Career in Nursing
Authors: Florence M. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1966)

High school students considering careers in nursing frequently turn to their family physicians for advice. Specifically, they want to know about differences in the various types of educational programs in nursing, admission requirements, costs, and sources of scholarship or loan funds. This communication presents an overview of career information helpful to physicians and others frequently asked to advise young people in making decisions about careers in nursing. A previous report of the AMA Committee on Nursing<sup>1</sup>pointed out that there is considerable diversification in nursing education programs. Certain events have occurred since publication of that report which will in all probability affect the future of nursing. Some changes have already occurred as a result of the report of the Surgeon General's Consultant Group on Nursing, Toward<i>Quality in Nursing—Needs and Goals</i>.<sup>2</sup> Significant recommendations made by that consultant group will, in time, influence the quality of nursing care and
Scottish health service escapes government cuts of 1.2bn
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Prescription charges will be abolished in Scotland next April, and expensive policies such as free personal care for elderly people are set to continue, despite the need for sweeping cuts in public services.

The Scottish government has announced £1.2bn (€1.4bn; $1.9bn) of spending cuts, which will hit education, housing, transport, and prisons hard but will leave NHS Scotland largely untouched. The NHS budget will increase marginally to £11.75bn from the current £11.66bn, not enough to keep pace with inflation. …
Winning hearts and minds
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2005)

No need to pay if a drug doesn't work?Møldrup argues (p 1262) that not paying for a drug unless it works would not only benefit patients and healthcare funders, but it could also benefit drug manufacturers.He discusses the main tensions in the current marketing situation, explains the "no cure, no pay" strategy, and gives examples of some ways in which it has been implemented in the past decade.The strategy would also encourage therapeutic evaluations and reduce use of ineffective treatments, says the author, but he also acknowledges the need for more evidence and wider debate of the proposal.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with variant angina.
Authors: P R David, D D Waters, J M Scholl, J Crépeau, J Szlachcic, J Lespérance, G Hudon, M G Bourassa
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Among the first 83 patients treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) at our institution, typical variant angina was recognized beforehand in five cases and was discovered within 4 months of PTCA in six others. All patients had a 65-95% proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis and only one had a coronary lesion greater than 50% in other coronary arteries. Before PTCA, all patients were premedicated with calcium-antagonist drugs. Thirteen of 15 PTCAs, including three of four repeat PTCAs, were technically successful. However, variant angina recurred after successful PTCA in three of the five patients in whom it was documented beforehand and in an additional two of two patients with variant angina before a successful repeat PTCA. Overall, among the nine patients with variant angina after successful PTCA, five had restenosis at the site of PTCA and two others developed severe lesions adjacent to the site of PTCA within 4 months of the procedure. The three patients without restenosis have been treated with calcium-antagonist drugs from soon after PTCA and have remained angina-free. These results suggest that PTCA is technically feasible in patients with variant angina who have organic lesions, but symptoms due to coronary spasm usually persist or recur, often with restenosis.
Reduction of Glucose Metabolism in Basal Ganglia Diagnosed With FDG-PET Scan
Authors: Nalan A. Selcuk, Aysen Fenercioglu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Neuroacanthocytosis is a rare movement disorder marked by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy, progressive cognitive loss, chorea, and acanthocytosis. Neuroacanthocytosis is typically an inherited autosomal recessive disorder and is more common in males than in females. The disorder is due to degeneration of the basal ganglia by loss of neurons. Symptoms typically occur between 25 and 45 years of age. FDG PET has been increasingly used for detection of neurologic disorders, such as dementia, epilepsy, and movement disorders. We present an interesting case of neuroacanthocytosis with FDG-PET images showing decreased FDG uptake in the basal ganglia.
Global Prevalence of Vision Impairment and Blindness
Authors: Gretchen A. Stevens, Richard A. White, Seth R. Flaxman, Holly Price, Jost B. Jonas, Jill Keeffe, Janet Leasher, Kovin Naidoo, Konrad Pesudovs, Serge Resnikoff, Hugh Taylor, Rupert R.A. Bourne
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
In-111 Octreotide Imaging in Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: MONIQUE M. H. HOCHSTENBAG, GUIDO A. K. HEIDENDAL, EMIEL F. M. WOUTERS, GUUL P. M. ten VELDE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors have neuroendocrine features. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that 50%-75% of SCLC tumors express receptors for somatostatin. This might enable in vivo localization of the primary tumor and its metastases by using scintigraphy with a radiolabeled someatostatin analogue, such as octreotide. Purpose and Methods The efficacy of scanning with In-111 labeled octreotide (octreotide scan) was studied in the staging of SCLC patients and compared with the results of conventional staging (liver ECHO, bone scintigraphy, MRI of the brain, spine, and pelvis). Imaging was performed in 29 patients with histologically confirmed SCLC at 4, 24, and 48 hours after intravenous injection of 185 MBq In-111 octreotide. Results In 24 of 29 patients, the primary tumor was visualized. In these 24 patients, 26 metastases were demonstrated with conventional staging, of which only nine were visualized with octreotide scan. Octreotide scans showed two metastases in the brain that were not visualized by MRI. In the other five patients, five metastases were demonstrated with conventional staging. Only two of these were detected with octreotide scan. However, octreotide scan did show a further metastasis in the brain that was not visualized by MR imaging. Conclusion Octreotide imaging has a limited use in the detection of SCLC metastases compared to conventional staging. It might have some specific value in the detection of brain involvement in patients with limited disease.