tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long QT Syndrome Patients With Mutations of the <i>SCN5A</i> and <i>HERG</i> Genes Have Differential Responses to Na <sup>+</sup> Channel Blockade and to Increases in Heart Rate
Authors: Peter J. Schwartz, Silvia G. Priori, Emanuela H. Locati, Carlo Napolitano, Francesco Cantù, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Mark T. Keating, Hicham Hammoude, Arthur M. Brown, Ling-Sing K. Chen, Thomas J. Colatsky
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The genes for the long QT syndrome (LQTS) linked to chromosomes 3 (LQT3) and 7 (LQT2) were identified as SCN5A , the cardiac Na + channel gene, and as HERG , a K + channel gene. These findings opened the possibility of attempting gene-specific control of ventricular repolarization. We tested the hypothesis that the QT interval would shorten more in LQT3 than in LQT2 patients in response to mexiletine and also in response to increases in heart rate. Methods and Results Fifteen LQTS patients were studied. Six LQT3 and 7 LQT2 patients were treated with mexiletine, and its effects on QT and QT c were measured. Mexiletine significantly shortened the QT interval among LQT3 patients (QT c from 535±32 to 445±31 ms, P &lt;.005) but not among LQT2 patients (QT c from 530±79 to 503±60 ms, P =NS). LQT3 patients (n=7) shortened their QT interval in response to increases in heart rate much more than LQT2 patients (n=4) and also more than 18 healthy control subjects (9.45±3.3 versus 3.95±1.97 and 2.83±1.33, P &lt;.05; data expressed as percent reduction in QT per 100-ms shortening in RR). Among these patients, there is also a trend for LQT2 patients to have syncope or cardiac arrest under emotional or physical stress and for LQT3 patients to have cardiac events either at rest or during sleep. Conclusions This is the first study to demonstrate differential responses of LQTS patients to interventions targeted to their specific genetic defect. These findings also suggest that LQT3 patients may be more likely to benefit from Na + channel blockers and from cardiac pacing because they would be at higher risk of arrhythmia at slow heart rates. Conversely, LQT2 patients may be at higher risk to develop syncope under stressful conditions because of the combined arrhythmogenic effect of catecholamines with the insufficient adaptation of their QT interval when heart rate increases.
HOPE Springs Eternal for Medical and Health Volunteers in 29 Countries on 5 Continents
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>Shanghai, China</h3> —Originally known for establishing the world's first nonmilitary hospital ship, Project HOPE (Health Opportunities for People Everywhere) is now a landlubber. The global nonprofit health care foundation that launched SS HOPE in 1960 has gone aground in 29 countries on 5 continents, where it conducts health policy research and provides culturally sensitive health education and humanitarian assistance. In 1995, Project HOPE sent more than $54 million worth of urgently needed medical supplies and equipment to Bosnia, Croatia, Haiti, Vietnam, the former Soviet Union, and other countries throughout the world. Responding quickly to the earthquake disaster in China's Yunnan Province in February 1996, Project HOPE took only 10 days to move $3 million worth of medical supplies from its warehouse in the United States to the remote disaster site in southern China. With one fifth of the world's population, it is only logical that China would be a major focus
Impact of Valve Surgery on 6-Month Mortality in Adults With Complicated, Left-Sided Native Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Holenarasipur R. Vikram, Joan Buenconsejo, Rodrigo Hasbun, Vincent J. Quagliarello
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis causes significant morbidity and mortality in adults. The presumed benefits of valve surgery remain unproven due to lack of randomized controlled trials.To determine whether valve surgery is associated with reduced mortality in adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis.Retrospective, observational cohort study conducted from January 1990 to January 2000 at 7 Connecticut hospitals. Propensity analyses were used to control for bias in treatment assignment and prognostic imbalances.Of the 513 adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis, 230 (45%) underwent valve surgery and 283 (55%) received medical therapy alone.All-cause mortality at 6 months after baseline.In the 6-month period after baseline, 131 patients (26%) died. In unadjusted analyses, valve surgery was associated with reduced mortality (16% vs 33%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.63; P<.001). After adjustment for baseline variables associated with mortality (including hospital site, comorbidity, congestive heart failure, microbial etiology, immunocompromised state, abnormal mental status, and refractory infection), valve surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P<.02). In further analyses of 218 patients matched by propensity scores, valve surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (15% vs 28%; HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.86; P =.01). After additional adjustment for variables that contribute to heterogeneity and confounding within the propensity-matched group, surgical therapy remained significantly associated with a lower mortality (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.91; P =.03). In this propensity-matched group, patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure showed the greatest reduction in mortality with valve surgery (14% vs 51%; HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.09-0.53; P =.001).Valve surgery for patients with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis was independently associated with reduced 6-month mortality after adjustment for both baseline variables associated with the propensity to undergo valve surgery and baseline variables associated with mortality. The reduced mortality was particularly evident among patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure.
Abstract 5144: Oligonucleotide-based inhibition of the pro-angiogenic activity of Hepatoma-derived growth factor related protein 3 in neuroblastoma
Authors: Fabio Pastorino, Sarah Dewilde, Monica Loi, Sara Tosti, Laura Ricci, Michele Cilli, Domenico Ribatti, Roberto Sapio, Enrico Bucci, Domenico Barone, Mirco Ponzoni
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hepatoma-derived growth factor related protein 3 (HDGFRP3) belongs to the HDGF polypeptide family. Expression of HDGF is a prognostic factor for NSCLC, pancreatic and gastrointestinal tumors, and silencing of HDGF suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion of squamous lung cancer cells. Here we investigated the expression of HDGFRP3 in various tumor cell lines by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. HDGFRP3 is highly expressed and secreted from neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines. The presence of high levels of HDGFRP3 was confirmed in two animal models of human NB. Since HDGFRP3 shares a conserved Pro-Trp-Trp-Pro motif (PWWP) domain with its family members, we assessed whether it could promote proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in analogy to HDGF. Recombinant HDGFRP3 inhibited migration of endothelial cells in a modified Boyden chamber experiment, while cell survival was not affected. Nevertheless, the protein promoted angiogenesis in vitro, as assessed through vascular sprouting and tubulogenesis assays. Starting from the structural insight of the PWWP domain, an oligonucleotide-based inhibitor was designed and tested to block the pro-angiogenic effect of HDGFRP3. A single stranded DNA inhibited the pro-angiogenic properties of HDGFRP3 in vitro. After modifications to improve its serum stability, the cytotoxicity of the designed oligonucleotide-based molecule (BN210) was tested by an MTT cell viability assay on various NB cell lines. BN210 slightly reduced NB cells proliferation. To determine if BN210 could be used both as single anti-angiogenic agent and in combination with chemotherapy in vivo, orthotopic NB tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided in different groups of treatment: 1 mg/kg of vincristine (VCR), once a week for 4 weeks; 7-21 mg/kg of BN210, either i.p. (5 days/week) or i.v (every 2 days). Other mice were treated with a combination of VCR and BN210. NB-bearing mice treated with BN210 alone showed a partial increase in life span, compared to control mice. However, mice treated with the combination of VCR plus BN210 had statistically significant increased life span, compared to both the control and the single treatment groups, with long term survivors obtained with the combined schedule when BN210 was injected i.v. Thus, the oligonucleotide-based inhibition of the pro-angiogenic activity of HDGFRP3 can be considered as a novel strategy for combined anti-tumor therapy in NB. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5144. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5144
We need aggregated data on bullying in the NHS
Authors: D. M. Hands
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Jarman rightly highlights concerns about systemic bullying in the NHS in England.1 His references to independent US evidence, corroborating UK experience,2 3 in the context of the Mid-Staffordshire Inquiry, are particularly important. Having given evidence to that inquiry,4 I believe that bullying, often associated with victimisation of whistleblowers, is widespread and its impact underestimated.

The reasons are complex and multifactorial …
Developing countries roll out pneumococcal vaccine thanks to novel funding scheme
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Nicaragua has become the first of an expected 40 developing countries to include vaccination against pneumococcal disease in their routine childhood immunisation programmes.

All children under 12 months old will get the vaccine alongside Nicaragua’s current national immunisation scheme, while 1 year olds will receive one shot of the vaccine as part of a special campaign.

The vaccine has been made available through a funding mechanism devised by the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (the GAVI Alliance), a public-private partnership set up in 2000 to accelerate the introduction …
Technical Issues in Retinopathy Screening
Authors: Lawrence M. Merin, Diana Reeves
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

The article by Gomez-Ulla et al. (1) in the August issue of Diabetes Care presents a strong case for a simplified method of detecting people at risk for vision loss from diabetic retinopathy. Their work reports that the use of a two-field imaging protocol for each eye, telemedicine and centralized analysis, achieve diagnostic capabilities comparable to physician-provided ophthalmoscopy. This increases cost-effectiveness and allows retinopathy screening to meet the key criteria of a population-based screening program (2).

However, this report raises an important question regarding image quality. The authors suggest that JPEG compression permits rapid data transmission, requires less server space, and preserves “adequate definition of the …
A COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS STUDY OF RHYTHM VERSUS RATE CONTROL THERAPY IN REDUCING STROKE IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Louise Pilote, Meytal Avgil Tsadok, Vidal Essebag, Mark Eisenberg, Elham Rahme, Karin Humphries, Jack Tu, hassan behlouli, Cynthia Jackevicius
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Persuasion in Psychotherapy
Authors: GENE M. ABROMS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Persuasion plays an important role in promoting therapeutic change. But the claim that it is the sole or primary agent is rejected on methodological grounds because it fails to account for individual differences in persuasibility and for the process of incorporating and generalizing new attitudes and behaviors. "Healing through persuasion" says no more than that therapy is an interpersonal process.
Squamous-cell epitheliomata and cyclosporine treatment
Authors: P.L. Bencini, G. Montagnino, C. Crosti, F. Sala
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Squamous‐cell epitheliomata and cyclosporine treatment Get access P.L. Bencini, P.L. Bencini Institute of Clinical and Paediatric Dermatology, University of Milan, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Montagnino, G. Montagnino Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Maggiore Hospital Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Crosti, C. Crosti Institute of Clinical and Paediatric Dermatology, University of Milan, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Sala F. Sala Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Maggiore Hospital Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 3, 1 September 1985, Pages 373–374, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02096.x Published: 01 September 1985
Status of Propranolol
Authors: S. Fisch
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Permit me to comment on "Current Status of Propranolol Hydrochloride (Inderal)" (225:1380, 1973). Dr. Kosman presented the serious difficulties in evaluating antianginal efficacy. It is essential that reliable antianginal efficacy be established by carefully controlled and designed double-blind studies. One cannot agree with the reasons given to excuse substitute poor experimentation with propranolol or any other drug. I have devoted 14 years of research to this particular field. With proper motivation it is always possible to remove experimental bias. Thus, one can run a preliminary titrating dose exploration, to individualize dosage, and then use that number of placebo or drug tablets for each patient in the crossover double-blind experimental phase. To overcome the problem of telltale drug effects, multiple observers can be employed, each assessing one aspect of the study. Data coordination is made at the end of the study. It is far easier to find excuses
Interaction between Doxycycline and Barbiturates
Authors: P. J. Neuvonen, O. Penttila
Journal: BMJ (1974)

In a cross-over study of five hospitalized patients the half life of doxycycline was significantly shortened after 10 days' treatment with phenobarbitone. In five patients on continuous barbiturate therapy the half life of doxycycline was even shorter. Barbiturates or other agents inducing drug metabolism should be used cautiously in combination with doxycycline, since this might result in therapeutically inadequate serum concentrations of the antibiotic.
Harold G. Wolff's Stress and Disease
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A distillation of 30 years' studies in Wolff's laboratory, this book presents his researches and thoughts on relation of life's stresses to bodily disease. This second edition is updated by his former associates, Stewart Wolf and Helen Goodell. Wolff pioneered methods which became models for psychosomatic research. He asked probing questions, encouraged patients to keep diaries, conducted "stress interviews," and used modern techniques for monitoring pathophysiological responses. Some studies, as on Tom, whose fistula provided valuable information about gastric reaction patterns, are classics of psychosomatic lore. Also notable are studies on the relation of emotional stimuli and personality characteristics to vascular reactions in migraine and vasomotor rhinitis. No disease with suspected psychological factors escaped the author's meticulous efforts to correlate disturbed mental states with bodily disorders. Wolff viewed disease as inappropriate protective-adaptive patterns of response to both physical and psychosocial stresses. These need not be direct or immediate; verbal or
J Barbosa and colleagues reply to Diana N J Lockwood and colleagues
Authors: J. Barbosa, S. Barua, D. Daumerie, H. Nakatani, S. Noordeen, R. Castalia
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We wish to clarify some of the points raised in Diana N J Lockwood and colleagues’ article on the hazards of setting targets to eliminate disease with particular reference to leprosy.1

We disagree with the view that the leprosy elimination target is harmful, given the robust evidence available and the active commitment of affected countries and the global community.

Leprosy reached its current low prevalence and low number of new cases as a result of two major developments. These were the introduction of World Health Organization multidrug therapy in 1981 and the commitment of leprosy endemic countries in 1991 (World Health Assembly resolution 44.9) to eliminating leprosy as a …
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients After Endoscopic Sphincterotomy for Choledocholithiasis, and Risk Factors for Recurrence
Authors: G. Costamagna, A. Tringali, S. K. Shah, M. Mutignani, G. Zuccalà, V. Perri
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Background and Study Aims: There have been growing concerns about the long-term sequelae of endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES). The aims of the study were to evaluate the long-term clinical outcome of ES for choledocholithiasis and to identify the predictors of recurrence. Patients and Methods: A total of 529 patients (233 men, 296 women; mean age 63, range 9 - 88) who underwent successful ES for choledocholithiasis were evaluated. Follow-up data were obtained retrospectively. Statistical analyses were carried out for 334 patients who had a follow-up of at least 5 years or had recurrence. Results: Immediate complications occurred in 37 patients (7 %). Follow-up data were available in 458 patients (86.6 %), of whom 280 (61.1 %) were asymptomatic, 127 (27.7 %) died from unrelated causes without recurrence, and 51 (11.1 %) had biliary symptoms and/or choledocholithiasis recurrence. Most recurrences (65 %) occurred more than 2 years following ES and were observed on multiple occasions in 13 patients (2.8 %). A bile duct diameter of 22 mm or greater was found to predict recurrence. Of 190 patients with an intact gallbladder, 11 (5.8 %) developed acute cholecystitis necessitating emergency cholecystectomy; all of these had previously documented gallstones. Conclusions: Endoscopic sphincterotomy for choledocholithiasis is found to be safe at long-term follow-up. A dilated bile duct (≥ 22 mm) is a marker for patients at increased risk of recurrence of symptoms and/or choledocholithiasis.
Sexual Violence as a Weapon of War
Authors: Lindsay Stark, Mike Wessells
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advanced glycosylation products quench nitric oxide and mediate defective endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in experimental diabetes.
Authors: R Bucala, K J Tracey, A Cerami
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Nitric oxide (an endothelium-derived relaxing factor) induces smooth muscle relaxation and is an important mediator in the regulation of vascular tone. Advanced glycosylation end products, the glucose-derived moieties that form nonenzymatically and accumulate on long-lived tissue proteins, have been implicated in many of the complications of diabetes and normal aging. We demonstrate that advanced glycosylation products quench nitric oxide activity in vitro and in vivo. Acceleration of the advanced glycosylation process in vivo results in a time-dependent impairment in endothelium-dependent relaxation. Inhibition of advanced glycosylation with aminoguanidine prevents nitric oxide quenching, and ameliorates the vasodilatory impairment. These results implicate advanced glycosylation products as important modulators of nitric oxide activity and endothelium-dependent relaxation.
A Lesson Learned by Accident
Authors: Sarah Schenck
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prophylactic aspirin and risk of peptic ulcer bleeding
Authors: J. Weil, D. Colin-Jones, M. Langman, D. Lawson, R. Logan, M. Murphy, M. Rawlins, M. Vessey, P. Wainwright
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Objective : To determine the risks of hospitalisation for bleeding peptic ulcer with the current prophylactic aspirin regimens of 300 mg daily or less. Design : A case-control study with hospital and community controls. Setting : Hospitals in Glasgow, Newcastle, Nottingham, Oxford, and Portsmouth. Subjects : 1121 patients with gastric or duodenal ulcer bleeding matched with hospital and community controls. Results : 144 (12.8%) cases had been regular users of aspirin (taken at least five days a week for at least the previous month) compared with 101 (9.0%) hospital and 77 (7.8%) community controls. Odds ratios were raised for all doses of aspirin taken, whether compared with hospital or community controls (compared with combined controls: 75 mg, 2.3 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 4.4); 150 mg, 3.2 (1.7 to 6.5); 300 mg, 3.9 (2.5 to 6.3)). Results were not explained by confounding influences of age, sex, prior ulcer history or dyspepsia, or concurrent non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Risks seemed particularly high in patients who took non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs concurrently. Conclusion : No conventionally used prophylactic aspirin regimen seems free of the risk of peptic ulcer complications. #### Key messages