tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Writ Writer
Authors: MICHAEL F. CLEARY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The author discusses patient-prisoners on forensic psychiatry units who seek to improve their situation by contacting the courts by means of writs. This practice is becoming increasingly evident as more attention is focused on the rights of prisoners and prisoner-patients. Patients who are skillful in this area may not only improve their legal situations, but may also acquire added prestige among fellow patients.
Anti-Chlamydial Antibiotic Therapy for Symptom Improvement in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Michael R. Jaff, Rita A. Dale, Mark A. Creager, Raymond John Lipicky, John Constant, Lee Ann Campbell, William R. Hiatt
Journal: Circulation (2009)

A potentially strong association exists between Chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis, but the clinical benefits of antibiotic therapy have not been demonstrated. Preliminary studies of antibiotic therapy in peripheral artery disease have shown a decreased need for revascularization and improved walking ability. The objective of this phase-III trial was to assess the effect of a potent anti-Chlamydial agent, rifalazil, on peak walking time in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease.Patients with intermittent claudication secondary to peripheral artery disease who were seropositive for C pneumoniae were randomized to 25 mg rifalazil once weekly for 8 weeks or matching placebo. Two hundred ninety-seven patients were enrolled from 3 countries and were followed up for 1 year. The mean+/-SD ankle brachial index at baseline was 0.63+/-0.16. The primary end point, change from baseline in log peak walking time on a graded treadmill, was assessed 180 days after randomization. Secondary end points included changes in claudication onset time and quality of life, assessed with the Walking Impairment Questionnaire and the Short Form Medical Outcomes 36. No benefit of rifalazil therapy was found in the primary or any secondary end point among this cohort of patients with peripheral artery disease. The group treated with rifalazil improved their peak walking times by 23% (95% confidence interval, 15 to 31) from baseline to day 180, whereas the placebo group improved by 18% (95% confidence interval, 11 to 26; P=0.38). Peak walking time, claudication onset time, Walking Impairment Questionnaire, and Short Form Medical Outcomes 36 showed no treatment-by-time interaction during the 360-day study period. Thirty-two adjudicated cardiovascular events occurred, 16 in each treatment group.Rifalazil did not improve exercise performance or quality of life in patients with intermittent claudication. No safety concerns were identified. Given the very small effect size, it is unlikely that larger studies would demonstrate a symptomatic benefit of this therapy in peripheral artery disease.
The Estrogen Receptor Pathway in Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Role for Estrogen Receptor-β in Proliferation and Response to the Antiestrogen 4′OH-Tamoxifen
Authors: Joshua A. Greenberg, Stig Somme, Hege E. Russnes, Adam D. Durbin, David Malkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. Highly malignant, RMS frequently fails to respond to conventional aggressive multimodal radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy treatment protocols that also cause significant sequelae in the growing child. Other tumors of mesenchymal origin, such as locally aggressive fibromatoses and desmoid tumors, have been successfully treated with a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator, tamoxifen. In an effort to identify new targets for RMS therapy, our group investigated the previously uncharacterized ER pathway in RMS cell culture and primary tumors. We detected ER isoform β (ERβ), but not isoform α, RNA, and protein in five RMS cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining of primary RMS tumor sections confirmed high levels of ERβ but not ERα protein. RMS cell growth was dramatically inhibited in steroid-free conditions, and this growth inhibition was rescued with 17-β-estradiol (E2) supplementation. Exposure of RMS cells to 4′OH-tamoxifen (4OHT) decreased cell viability and inhibited colony formation as detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and colony-forming assays. 4OHT also induced apoptotic signaling in RMS cells as detected by cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP)ribose polymerase. This effect increased 3- to 8-fold in steroid-deprived conditions but was rescued by supplementation with E2. Immunofluorescence studies detected a change in the subcellular localization of ERβ in response to 4OHT. Together, these data suggest an active ERβ-mediated signal transduction pathway in RMS. The ability of 4OHT to induce apoptotic signaling and disrupt estradiol-mediated proliferation provides a rationale to explore a role for selective ER modulators in the treatment of RMS. [Cancer Res 2008;68(9):3476–85]
Trigeminal neuralgia relieved by ophthalmic anesthetic
Authors: M. R. Zavon
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ABSTRACT To the Editor. — Trigeminal neuralgia is an ailment of unknown cause for which treatment is generally far from satisfactory. It was therefore a welcome surprise when one of us (M.R.Z.), having had some four acute episodes of the ailment over a 7-year period, found his symptoms completely relieved after ophthalmologic examination prior to cataract removal. The only action in the preliminary workup that may offer an explanation was the instillation of 2 drops of an eye anesthetic (0.5% proparacaine hydrochloride) into the right eye. Divisions 1 and 2, and occasionally 3, of the trigeminal nerve had been affected on the right side. Both the acute symptoms and the dull ache over the temporal distribution of the nerve, which had existed between the acute exacerbations, disappeared. One minor exacerbation occurred 2 weeks later, and it was treated with 2 drops of the same anesthetic agent. Since the initial apparent effect,
Mechanism of Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Santiago V. Guzman, Edward Swenson, Robert Mitchell
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

The acute hemodynamic changes that result from coronary embolization were studied in the intact dog. Coronary embolization with lycopodium spore suspension resulted in an immediate and marked decrease in cardiac output, hypotension to shock level, elevation of pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, and marked increase in total peripheral resistance. These profound hemodynamic responses were partially blocked in dogs previously atropinized. The therapeutic implications of the results were discussed.
Instability of the structure and allergenic protein content in Arizona cypress pollen
Authors: Y. Shahali, Z. Pourpak, M. Moin, A. Mari, A. Majd
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Background: The allergenic characteristics of pollen and their levels of expression may vary depending on the plant species, the degree of maturation and the influence of environmental factors such as climate and atmospheric pollution. The objective of this survey was the comparison of the structure and allergenic protein content in Arizona cypress ( Cupressus arizonica, CA) pollen collected just after microsporangia dehiscence and 2 weeks later in urban areas. Methods: The morphology and structure of pollen were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Pollen protein content was quantitatively and qualitatively investigated by Bradford protein assay, SDS‐PAGE and densitometric analysis respectively. Fifteen allergic subjects, according to their clinical history of seasonal rhino‐conjunctivitis and bronchial asthma have been selected for skin prick testing and ImmunoCap using CA standard allergen and for immunoblotting using extracts of CA mature pollen collected from Tehran. Results: After 2 weeks, numerous cracks and collapses appeared in pollen surfaces. Western blotting performed by using extracts of pollen collected from Tehran, revealed that sera‐specific immunoglobulin E of all allergic subjects reacted to a 35 kDa protein. The presence of this new major allergen and the decrease of Cup a 1 provide reliable explications about the low efficiency of standard commercial allergens in the diagnosis of the CA pollen allergy in Tehran. Conclusion: The instability of the pollen structure and protein content affects CA pollen allergenic properties. This study also suggests that to optimize CA standard allergen preparations, the eventual variability of pollen allergenic components have to be considered for each region.
In Developed Countries, the Golden Age of Medicine Is at Hand—for the Patients
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We believe the Golden Age of Medicine is at hand for patients. Most of what we in academia, medical organizations, government, and clinical practice have been working toward for many decades has been achieved. We should be very pleased. Among the salient achievements are the following: Advances in science. Huge expenditures for research have resulted in proliferation of scientific knowledge that provides us with the facts necessary to prevent, diagnose, and successfully treat or manage most of the major serious diseases. Abundant technology. We have experienced a tremendous outpouring of new technologies so that we are practically inundated with new machines, devices, techniques, and chemicals to effect our prevention, diagnosis, and treatment activities. Some think we may have too much technology, but there seems to be no way to retard the technologic proliferation. The Institute for the Future in Menlo Park, Calif, has recently defined which new medical
Diverse clinical outcomes of eosinophilic patients with T‐cell receptor gene rearrangements: The emerging diagnostic importance of molecular genetics testing
Authors: Joseph H. Butterfield
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Abnormal clones of clusters of differentiation (CD)3 − CD4 + or CD3 + CD4 − CD8 − phenotypically abnormal lymphocytes have been identified in some patients who have the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. This report illustrates the disparate clinical courses of six eosinophilic patients with evidence of abnormal T‐cell clones based on the finding of a T‐cell receptor gene rearrangement. The data suggest that molecular genetics testing for T‐cell receptor gene rearrangements should be included in the routine work‐up of patients with idiopathic eosinophilia. Am. J. Hematol. 68:81–86, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Colorado Tick Fever Pericarditis
Authors: Walter J. Hierholzer
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Colorado tick fever is an acute febrile illness of man caused by an arbovirus transmitted by ticks common to the mountain areas of the northwestern United States, recognized as a distinct entity since Becker's description in 1930.<sup>1</sup>Experimental studies have shown the laboratory illness to be little varied from the natural disease, including the classically described headache, myalgia, fever, prostration, and leukopenia.<sup>2</sup>Laboratory-acquired tick fever with complicating pericarditis has not been previously reported in man (C. M. Eklund, personal communication) despite a known association with myocarditis in laboratory animals.<sup>3</sup> <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> This 60-year-old virology laboratory research assistant with fever, fatigue, and backache of two days' duration had been working with a variety of arboviral agents preceding his illness. Ten days before the onset, he cut his finger while removing brain tissue from a mouse infected with tick fever virus. Marked fatigue and
BLOOD GROUPS AND THERAPEUTIC MALARIA
Authors: SILIK H. POLAYES
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Since malarial therapy for syphilis of the central nervous system has come into vogue, several problems of practical importance have arisen which have interested the physician employing this mode of therapy. For therapeutic as well as for economic reasons, it is highly desirable that the course of malarial treatment be as short as possible. Usually such a course, if successfully carried out, consumes from eight to ten days, with an incubation period of four days or less. Wide variations in the incubation period, however, have often prolonged the course of treatment, making it unsatisfactory from an economic point of view. In fact, frequently the patient has to be kept in the hospital for weeks because the malarial fever cannot be induced in spite of repeated injections of blood containing virulent parasites. This has been ascribed to the following causes: individual factors;<sup>1</sup>the manner of inoculation, i. e., subcutaneously or
Impact of smoking on response to systemic treatment in patients with psoriasis: a retrospective case-control study
Authors: C.E. Kinahan, S. Mazloom, A.P. Fernandez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Smoking is a well‐established risk factor for developing psoriasis and is associated with development of more severe disease. Smoking cessation does not appear to result in clinical improvement of psoriasis. Whether smoking in patients with psoriasis impacts response to systemic therapy is unknown. To determine whether smokers with psoriasis with or without psoriatic arthritis respond to systemic agents as well as nonsmokers do. We performed a retrospective review of patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis with or without psoriatic arthritis seen at our institution, who were either active smokers or nonsmokers, and calculated changes in Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) scores after 3–16 months of systemic treatment. We also calculated the average number of systemic treatments tried per patient. Sixty‐six patients (46 nonsmokers, 20 smokers) met our inclusion criteria. Changes in PGA scores between baseline and 3–16 months after initiation of systemic treatment did not significantly differ between smokers and nonsmokers, nor did the average number of systemic treatments tried per patient. We detected a borderline significant trend in the percentage of patients who had significant outcomes after treatment, with a higher percentage of patients smoking < 10 cigarettes daily achieving target PGA scores compared with those smoking > 10 cigarettes daily. Limitations of our study include its retrospective nature and the relatively small number of patients meeting our inclusion criteria. In our retrospectively studied cohort, smoking did not affect response to systemic treatment in patients with psoriasis. A prospective study examining the complex relationship between smoking, psoriasis and response to systemic therapy is warranted to explore this association better.
Composition and health hazards of water-based construction paints: results from a survey in the Netherlands.
Authors: A van Faassen, P J Borm
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Water-based construction paints may have beneficial effects toward man's occupational and general environment when compared to traditional paints that contain large amounts of organic solvents. The aim of this study was to describe the health hazards of the application of these alternative paints. The composition of these paints was obtained by a questionnaire survey among the main producers and importers in The Netherlands. Physicochemical parameters and toxicity data of the constituents were used to estimate occupational and environmental health hazards. Mucous membrane of skin irritation and sensitization are predicted to be the most frequently occurring health hazards after contact with these paints during professional or do-it-yourself application. Health hazards from environmental pollution may be irritation of the mucous membranes when the indoor environment is painted and fish mortality due to slowly degradable polyacrylate binders. The health hazards can be reduced by replacing some toxic compounds with less toxic ones and by hygienic (ventilation, skincare, no cleaning of application materials under the tap) measures.
Guidelines on sensible drinking are invaluable.
Authors: B Ritson, J Chick
Journal: BMJ (1993)

part of Britain, and an on call rota operates in most hospitals.Women are usually ashamed and embarrassed to see their general practitioner to request emergency contraception.If they attend a department of genitourinary medicine a strictly confidential service is offered.Counselling about sexual behaviour can be given, and any relative contra- indications to hormonal emergency contraception can be identified by a medical practitioner.Further contraceptive advice can be offered in subsequent consultations.Long term follow up and referral to family planning clinics or to appropriate agencies may be arranged.With support from experts women would feel less anxious after unplanned sexual intercourse and about pregnancy.Some women at risk of pregnancy after unplanned intercourse or an accident with a condom will be at risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease.2Genitourinary clinics could offer the best service for such patients.Public awareness of the confidential and comprehensive services of departments of genitourinary medicine should be increased by advertising in the lay press and in television programmes; this would enable people to select the appropriate service.This would undoubtedly safeguard the health of the nation.
The Autopsy as a Measure of Accuracy of the Death Certificate
Authors: Tobias Kircher, Judith Nelson, Harold Burdo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

To determine the extent of agreement on underlying cause of death between death certificates and autopsy reports, we analyzed 272 randomly selected autopsy reports and corresponding death certificates from among all such data on autopsies performed in Connecticut in 1980. In 29 per cent of the deaths, a major disagreement on the underlying cause of death led to reclassification of the death in a different International Classification of Diseases major disease category. In an additional 26 per cent, the death certificate and autopsy report agreed on the major disease category but attributed the death to a different specific disease. Deaths due to neoplasms were most accurately diagnosed, with a sensitivity of 87 per cent and a positive predictive value of 85 per cent. Deaths resulting from diseases of the respiratory or digestive system were associated with the highest rates of disagreement. Diseases most commonly overdiagnosed were circulatory disorders, ill-defined conditions, and respiratory diseases. Diseases most commonly underdiagnosed as the cause of death on the death certificate were specific traumatic conditions and gastrointestinal disorders. The autopsy remains an important method for ensuring the quality of mortality statistics.
STUDIES ON ANTIBODY PRODUCTION
Authors: Robert G. White, Albert H. Coons, Jeanne M. Connolly
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

After subcutaneous injection of hen's ovalbumin or diphtheria toxoid precipitated with aluminum phosphate, the production of antibody, as judged by the presence in the tissues of antibody-containing cells, proceeds partly within the regional lymphatic glands and partly in the granulation tissue surrounding the nodule which develops at the site of injection. The first production of antibody takes place in the regional lymphatic gland and antibody production in the local granuloma becomes apparent only from 14 days onwards (rabbit). Antibody-containing plasma cells were demonstrated in the local granuloma up to 7 weeks. Antibody-containing cells in the regional lymphatic glands reach maximum numbers at 2 weeks following injection and decrease thereafter to few cells at 5 weeks. The adjuvant effect of the aluminum phosphate is interpreted as due partly to the delay in absorption of antigen from the local site of its injection which results in prolongation of stimulation of cells within the regional lymphatic glands, and partly to the production of a local granuloma which contains antibody-producing plasma cells.
926-27 Probucol-associated Arrhythmic Events: Further Evidence for Increased Female Predisposition to Acquired Long QT Syndromes
Authors: Joel Reinoehl, Raymond Kawasaki, John J. Baga, Russell T. Steinman, Luis Pires, Arie Militianu, Barbara S. Fromm, Michael H. Lehmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Volumetric Neural Correlates of Antisaccade Eye Movements in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: U. Ettinger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

The authors investigated the structural brain correlates of antisaccade performance.Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the volumes of the prefrontal, premotor, sensorimotor, and occipitoparietal cortices as well as the caudate, thalamus, cerebellar vermis, and cerebrum in 20 first-episode psychosis patients and 18 healthy comparison subjects. Antisaccades were recorded by using infrared oculography.Groups significantly differed in terms of antisaccade error rate and amplitude gain and tended to differ in terms of latency but not brain region volumes. Premotor cortex volume predicted antisaccade error rate among comparison subjects. In the patient group, caudate volume was related to latency and amplitude gain. Negative symptoms, independent of structural volumes, predicted error rate.These findings point to altered structure-function relationships in first-episode psychosis.
Cancer surgeon is suspended over “unconventional donations”
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A prominent transplant and cancer surgeon from Essen, Christoph Broelsch, has been suspended by Essen University following accusations of fraud and blackmailing patients. Professor Broelsch is also being investigated for tax evasion over “unconventional donations” allegedly made by patients. 

Essen University Hospital is one of the largest centers for transplant and cancer surgery in Germany, …
Effect of Guar Gum on Mineral Balances in NIDDM Adults
Authors: Kay M Behall, Daniel I Scholfield, Michael E Mclvor, MaryAnn S Van Duyn, Theresa A Leo, Lane E Michnowski, Charles C Cummings, Albert I Mendeloff
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

The self-selected diet of 16 subjects with noninsulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was supplemented for 6 mo with either a granolalike bar containing 35.5 g carbohydrate and 6.6 g guar gum/bar or a placebo bar containing carbohydrate but no guar gum. Subjects consumed a mean of 4.8 bars/day. Average guar gum consumption at the end of the study was 31.7 g/day. One week before and at the end of the study, subjects were admitted to a metabolic ward and fed a controlled diet similar to their self-selected diet. Food, feces, and urine were composited for analysis of iron, zinc, copper, calcium, magnesium, and manganese. Eight subjects consuming the guar gum supplement and 6 subjects consuming the placebo bar completed collections for mineral balance. Neither consumption of guar gum nor placebo bar significantly changed apparent mineral balance for iron, copper, zinc, calcium, manganese, or magnesium from prestudy levels to 6-mo levels, and no significant differences were observed between the two groups. With the exception of copper, men consumed significantly more minerals than women. We conclude that consumption of guar gum by patients with NIDDM does not adversely affect apparent mineral balance.
Patient Characteristics Associated with Quality of Life in European Women Seeking Treatment for Urinary Incontinence: Results from PURE
Authors: Brigitta Monz, Emmanuel Chartier-Kastler, Christian Hampel, Goran Samsioe, Steinar Hunskaar, Montserrat Espuna-Pons, Adrian Wagg, Deborah Quail, Ramiro Castro, Chris Chinn
Journal: European Urology (2006)