tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Animal Parasites in Man
Authors: Harry B. Harding
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This textbook is a concise, competent, and worthwhile addition to the library of any physician, parasitologist, or microbiologist. The introductory chapter, which considers the phenomena of.parasitology from the ecological standpoint, should be required reading for every medical student. The concepts of "normal parasitism" are contrasted with those of "pathological parasitism." The definition of parasitic disease is particularly pertinent, as are the considerations of parasitism, when considered from the parasites point of view. Certain features of the section on protozoa are noteworthy. The discussion of host-parasite relationship relative to amebiasis is particularly well done. The consideration of<i>Entamoeba hartmanni</i>and<i>Entamoeba polecki</i>are particularly timely. The reviewer would disagree with the statement that "<i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i>is rarely observed," but he would agree with the concept that it represents a developmental stage of a flagellate. The coverage of the intestinal sporozoa is a welcome addition to textual material, as are the sections
Inhibitors of Cholesterol Synthesis and Cataracts-Reply
Authors: Donald B. Hunninghake
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Cenedella is correct in pointing out the potential for inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis to induce cataracts, particularly in young individuals. Pediatric use of lovastatin has been limited to patients with serious genetic disorders, mainly children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. One of us (J. A.T.) has analyzed results of all the ophthalmologic examinations in patients taking lovastatin. Slit-lamp examination of the lens was performed at the baseline examination and during treatment in over 500 patients. The mean age of the patients studied was 50 years; 60% of them had heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and 50% had ischemic heart disease. The prevalence of lens opacities in these patients was 27% at the baseline examination and 31% at the last available examination during treatment with lovastatin. Interpretation of these data is complicated by the subjective nature of slit-lamp examination, uncertainty regarding the natural incidence of lens opacities in patients with severe
NICE recommends early intensive management of persistent low back pain
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2009)

People with persistent non-specific low back pain should be managed early and much more actively than often occurs to reduce their risk of long term pain and disability, recommends guidance for the NHS in England and Wales published this week.

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guideline is designed to improve the early treatment and management of persistent or recurrent low back pain, which is defined as non-specific low back pain that has lasted for more than six weeks but for less than a year.

Low back pain is a common disorder that affects about one third of the UK adult population a year. About 20% of people consult their GP about it. There is a generally accepted approach to the management …
Medical Management of Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas
Authors: Ranjan P. Ghose, Phillip M. Hall, Emmanuel L. Bravo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

No data are available on the long-term medical management of aldosterone-producing adenomas.To demonstrate the efficacy of medical management of aldosterone-producing adenomas in terms of blood pressure and serum potassium concentration and to discuss morbidity associated with medical management.Retrospective cohort study.Large tertiary care referral center.24 patients with documented aldosterone-producing adenomas who were treated medically for at least 5 years.Aldosterone excretion rate, plasma renin activity, and size and location of adenomas (by computed tomography). Blood pressure and serum electrolytes were measured at the time of diagnosis and last follow-up.From the time of diagnosis to the time of last follow-up, systolic blood pressure decreased from 175 mm Hg to 129 mm Hg (95% CI for difference, 37.1 to 53.8 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 106 mm Hg to 79 mm Hg (CI for difference, 20.8 to 33.9 mm Hg). Serum potassium concentration increased from 3.0 mmol/L to 4.3 mmol/L (CI for difference, 1.1 to 1.5 mmol/L).Medical management of aldosterone-producing adenomas is a viable option for controlling blood pressure and serum potassium concentration.
Characterization and discovery of novel miRNAs and moRNAs in JAK2V617F-mutated SET2 cells
Authors: Stefania Bortoluzzi, Andrea Bisognin, Marta Biasiolo, Paola Guglielmelli, Flavia Biamonte, Ruggiero Norfo, Rossella Manfredini, Alessandro M. Vannucchi
Journal: Blood (2012)
COSTS OF POSTOPERATIVE HYPERGLYCEMIA IN CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENTS
Authors: A. Marc Gillinov, Wei Shi, Alexander Rosen, Patrick O'Gara, Stacey Welsh, Emilia Bagiella, Alexis Neill, Deborah Williams, Annetine Gelijns, David DAlessandro, Keith Horvath, Alan Moskowitz, Mary Lou Mayer, Jessica Keim-Malpass, Lopa Gupta, Giampaolo Greco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Chemotherapy and leukemia.
Authors: J E Parker
Journal: BMJ (1972)

days may be useful.If the flap necroses it must be removed early as described, but in favourable cases the flap will survive and grafting will be avoided.Spontaneous heal- ing will occur under a Viscopaste bandage with the patient ambulant.I cannot under- stand why Mr. David uses the medial aspect of the thigh as a donor site.The postero- lateral aspect is muwh safer to use, but in the elderly the deltoid region is even better as it allows early ambulation.-Iam, etc.,
The antioxidant drug dipyridamole spares the vitamin E and thiols in red blood cells after oxidative stress
Authors: C Kusmic
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

To test the antioxidant effect of therapeutic doses of dipyridamole on cellular membranes, human erythrocytes were chosen as an appropriate model to study oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide because of their high content in heme-Fe(2+).The oxidative stress was induced by incubation with 160 micromoll(-1) cumene hydroperoxide and expressed by three main factors: lipid peroxidation by means of kinetics of decrease in fluorescence emission of the probe incorporated in the cell membranes, vitamin E oxidation and intracellular thiol content. The concentrations of dipyridamole tested (2-20 micromoll(-1)) did not exceed pharmacological doses.After 7 min of incubation at 25 degrees C with the oxidant and 20 micromoll(-1) dipyridamole thiol content was 50.1%+/-2.6 compared with 31.5%+/-2.4 in the absence of the drug. After 12 min vitamin E content was 88.3%+/-2.3 compared with 64.7%+/-3.4 of untreated cells in the absence of dipyridamole. Dipyridamole added 5 min after the oxidation reaction suppressed the fluorescence decrease for a time proportional to the drug concentration.Thus, at clinically realistic doses dipyridamole shows a concentration-dependent antioxidant effect. It protects membranes from oxidation and spares the antioxidant power of erythrocytes.
Universal health coverage and social support in Senegal: a comprehensive approach against tuberculosis
Authors: Riccardo Alagna, Mamadou Moussa Diaw, Rosella Centis, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Giorgio Besozzi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently launched the "End TB Strategy" [1] and, in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society, launched the framework for tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low-incidence countries [2]. Both documents focus on ending the global TB epidemic by 2035, through stimulating collaborative actions at country level and increased cooperation between high and low TB-incidence countries [3–5]. The world is a global village, where the increasing cross-border and cross-continental movement of people enables infectious diseases like TB to spread across communities and countries [6, 7]. No nation is immune to the threat of infectious outbreaks [8, 9], and a significant reduction of TB burden in low-incidence countries will not be possible unless TB care and prevention is also consistently scaled-up in high TB-incidence countries [5]. This interdependency calls for joint collaborative actions involving governments, governmental and nongovernmental agencies, civil society, and communities, families and individuals. Social support and complementary monetary incentives may add significant value to TB control programmes <http://ow.ly/KPKji>
Cocaine hepatotoxicity: Influence of hepatic enzyme inducing and inhibiting agents on the site of necrosis
Authors: Lois Roth, Raymond D. Harbison, Robert C. James, Thomas Tobin, Stephen M. Roberts
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Cocaine-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported in human beings and is well documented in mice. One interesting feature of this toxicity that appears to be common to both species is an apparent shift in the intraacinar site of necrosis under circumstances known to alter cocaine metabolism. However, the evidence in human subjects is limited, and studies elucidating the mechanism of this phenomenon cannot be performed in human beings. Although future studies in mice may define the basis of this mechanism, the current evidence is a somewhat fragmented composite of studies using different mouse strains and enzyme-inducing agents. Therefore a comprehensive pathologic investigation was initiated for the purpose of identifying and establishing an animal model suitable for studying this phenomenon. In naive ICR mice a single 60 mg/kg dose of cocaine was found to produce midzonal (zone 2) coagulative necrosis. In mice whose oxidative metabolism had been increased with β-ionone or in which esterase metabolism had been inhibited by diazinon, the severity of the toxicity was increased but the intraacinar origin of the lesion did not change. However, when the oxidative microsomal metabolism of ICR mice was induced by phenobarbital or β-napthoflavone, the acinar zone affected was dramatically different. Phenobarbital induction produced zone 1 necrosis, whereas β-napthoflavone induction caused necrosis in zone 3. The site of necrosis corresponded with the distribution of cocaine, and its metabolites were identified with colloidal gold-conjugated antibody probes. The results of this study suggest that the agents shifting the location of cocaine-induced hepatic necrosis alter the intraacinar site of protein binding of cocaine and its metabolites. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;15:934–940).
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Prostatic Carcinoma Reversed by Antiandrogenic Therapy
Authors: José Francisco Tomás Martínez
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> We read inThe Journalan interesting article by Litt et al<sup>1</sup>concerning a ketoconazole therapy—induced reversal of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a patient with prostatic carcinoma. The authors suggest that either (1) a decrease in adrenal steroid synthesis with suppression of thromboplastin production or release by tumor or (2) a direct effect of ketoconazole on activators of fibrinolysis or intravascular coagulation might explain the improvement in DIC in that patient. Recently, we saw two cases of prostatic carcinoma associated with DIC that disappeared with an antiandrogenic treatment other than ketoconazole. <h3>Report of Cases. —</h3> Two patients with hematuria and disseminated intravascular coagulation were admitted to our hospital for evaluation. Physical examination revealed enlarged prostate glands in both. The patients received supportive treatment with fresh frozen plasma and platelets until prostatic puncture-aspiration revealed prostate adenocarcinoma (on the fourth hospital day). Thereafter the patients received
The pathogenesis of septic shock
Authors: B. Chernow
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  The review on septic shock by Drs Parker and Parrillo1nicely described the cardiovascular effects as well as potential mediators of septicemia. However, we believe they understated the role that endogenous opioid peptides (endorphins) play in the pathogenesis of septic shock. Since 1978, when endogenous opiates were first suggested as mediators for endotoxin-induced hypotension,2many investigators have confirmed the importance of endogenous opiates and opiate-receptor antagonists in the pathogenesis and treatment of septic shock, respectively.3-5In many species, including man, the use of opiate antagonists has allowed the inference that endogenous opioid peptides play an important role in the hemodynamic, hematologic, autonomic, metabolic, and endocrine responses to endotoxemia and sepsis.3-5These effects may either be direct or indirect through other humoral mediators such as catecholamines, prostaglandins, activated complement components, kinins, and corticosteroids.6We believe that the scientific foundation for endogenous opiate involvement
Breast Cancer and Estrogen Therapy-Reply
Authors: Karen K. Steinberg
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We recently published an updated meta-analysis of the effect of estrogen use on risk of breast cancer.<sup>1</sup>In case-control studies with community controls in which only the effect of conjugated equine estrogens was analyzed, risk of breast cancer after 10 years of estrogen increased significantly (at least 15% to 29%). We then updated the meta-analysis in which we stratified by factors such as family history of breast cancer. When we added three new studies<sup>2-4</sup>to our original analysis,<sup>5</sup>we found no significant difference in risk between women who had a family history of breast cancer and those who did not. Among estrogen users, the RR was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.14 to 2.15) for women with a family history of breast cancer, and the RR was 1.26 (95% CI, 1.11 to 1.47) for women with no family history. In our original estimate for women with a
PHYSICAL DEFECTS IN PUPILS.
Authors: F. ALLPORT
Journal: JAMA (1898)

I will take up that phase of the subject which deals with the problem of how best to preserve the eyesight of school children, a theme which is pregnant with importance. The prosecution of this subject opens up a wide field, involving not only those elements or conditions, which primarily and particularly bear upon ocular hygiene, such as print, lighting, etc., but also bear upon those circumstances obtaining during the school life of the child, which can either directly or indirectly affect the preservation or degeneration of his eyesight. Such consideration will lead us into a discussion of architecture, buildings, location, window space, lighting (natural and artificial), seats, desks, walls, blackboards, maps, charts, paper, slates, printed matter, writing, etc. The importance of this topic may be imagined, when we consider that James H. Blodgett, in 1890, estimated that over fourteen million children were in attendance in the different schools and
Caffeine as an Analgesic Adjuvant
Authors: Eugene M. Laska
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Thirty clinical studies involving more than 10,000 patients conducted during the last 20 years have been analyzed to assess the value of caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant. Although most studies included patients with postpartum uterine cramping or episiotomy pain, some involved patients with pain from oral surgery or headache. In 21 of 26 studies, the relative potency estimates of an analgesic with caffeine to an analgesic without caffeine is greater than one. The pooled relative potency estimates in each of several major categories of combination analgesics are significantly greater than one. The overall pooled relative potency estimate is 1.41, with 95% confidence limits of 1.23 to 1.63; that is, to obtain the same amount of response from an analgesic without caffeine requires a dose that is approximately 40% greater than one with caffeine. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:1711-1718)
The Coat We Wear
Authors: Nicholas A. Friedman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Ad Libitum19 January 2010The Coat We WearNicholas A. FriedmanNicholas A. FriedmanFrom Syracuse, NY 13219.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A faint ellipsis forms above the chin—three age spots that refuse to utter more.With every grin,the eyes succumb to ruling by the score.The hands are slowly eked of collagen;their peels, no longer lithe, adopt a shine.A paltry scrimreveals sclerotic networking behind.That trusted suit surrenders half your hair;a melanoma barrels its way in.Take heed; bewarethe turning of the pelt—the hide—your skin.Nicholas A. FriedmanSyracuse, NY 13219 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Syracuse, NY 13219.Current Author Address: Nicholas A. Friedman, 616 Cherry Road, Syracuse, NY 13219; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 January 2010Volume 152, Issue 2Page: 128KeywordsMelanoma ePublished: 19 January 2010 Issue Published: 19 January 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
An AS1411 aptamer-conjugated liposomal system containing a bubble-generating agent for tumor-specific chemotherapy that overcomes multidrug resistance
Authors: Zi-Xian Liao, Er-Yuan Chuang, Chia-Chen Lin, Yi-Cheng Ho, Kun-Ju Lin, Po-Yuan Cheng, Ko-Jie Chen, Hao-Ji Wei, Hsing-Wen Sung
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes
Authors: R. A. Weinberg
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1994)

In the past 15 years, many of the mechanisms underlying the molecularorigins of cancer have been uncovered, and a clear picture of the role ofoncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis has developed. Thisarticle reviews the mechanisms by which oncogenes and tumor suppressorgenes participate in the creation of tumors.
Campbell's Psychiatric Dictionary
Authors: N. Alex
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IL-5 receptor α levels in patients with marked eosinophilia or mastocytosis
Authors: Todd M. Wilson, Irina Maric, Juhi Shukla, Margaret Brown, Carlo Santos, Olga Simakova, Paneez Khoury, Michael P. Fay, Alexander Kozhich, Roland Kolbeck, Dean D. Metcalfe, Amy D. Klion
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Medical supplies are trapped in Haitian ports as NGOs struggle with paperwork and delays
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Medical supplies sent to Haiti since the January earthquake are remaining trapped in customs for months, disrupting aid efforts and costing NGOs (non-governmental organisations) large sums in storage costs.

Some 15 000 pairs of spectacles and 12 000 eye drops donated by medical organisations in the US and transported with funds from the Bill Clinton Foundation, are sitting in a container at the port in the capital Port au Prince where they arrived in early April.

The Haitian Society of Ophthalmology, which intended to use the supplies to treat people living in tented camps around the capital, was told its paperwork was incomplete. Having provided additional documents and met health ministry officials, the society says it has been told repeatedly the goods would be released. But at the time this article went to press they were still being held. …
Effects of age, cigarette smoking, and other factors on fertility: findings in a large prospective study.
Authors: G Howe, C Westhoff, M Vessey, D Yeates
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Of 17 032 women taking part in the Oxford Family Planning Association contraceptive study, 4104 stopped using a birth control method to plan a pregnancy on a total of 6199 occasions. The influence of various factors on fertility in these women was assessed by measuring the time taken to give birth to a child. An appreciable inverse relation was observed between age at stopping contraception and fertility both in nulliparous and parous women, but the effect was much greater in the nulliparous women. The most important finding was a consistent and highly significant trend of decreasing fertility with increasing numbers of cigarettes smoked per day; it was estimated that five years after stopping contraception 10.7% of smokers smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day, but only 5.4% of non-smokers, remained undelivered. Some relation was found between fertility and social class, age at marriage, and a history of gynaecological disease, but weight, height, and Quetelet's index were without noticeable effect.
Narrow band imaging for characterization of high grade dysplasia and specialized intestinal metaplasia in Barrett’s esophagus: a meta-analysis
Authors: J. Mannath, V. Subramanian, C. Hawkey, K. Ragunath
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J. Mannath et al., pp. 351Endoscopy 2010; 42(05): 433-433DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291852