tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Active site-blocked factor IXa prevents intravascular thrombus formation in the coronary vasculature without inhibiting extravascular coagulation in a canine thrombosis model.
Authors: C R Benedict, J Ryan, B Wolitzky, R Ramos, M Gerlach, P Tijburg, D Stern
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

To assess the contribution of Factor IX/IXa, to intravascular thrombosis, a canine coronary thrombosis model was studied. Thrombus formation was initiated by applying current to a needle in the circumflex coronary artery. When 50% occlusion of the vessel developed, the current was stopped and animals received an intravenous bolus of either saline, bovine glutamyl-glycyl-arginyl-Factor IXa (IXai), a competitive inhibitor of Factor IXa assembly into the intrinsic Factor X activation complex, bovine Factor IX, or heparin. Animals receiving saline or Factor IX developed coronary occlusion due to a fibrin/platelet thrombus in 70 +/- 11 min. In contrast, infusion of IXai prevented thrombus formation completely (greater than 180 min) at doses of 460 and 300 micrograms/kg, and partially blocked thrombus formation at 150 micrograms/kg. IXai attenuated the accumulation of 125I-fibrinogen/fibrin at the site of the thrombus by approximately 67% (P less than 0.001) and resulted in approximately 26% decrease in serotonin release from platelets in coronary sinus (P less than 0.05). Hemostatic variables in animals receiving IXai, remained within normal limits. Animals given heparin in a concentration sufficient to prevent occlusive thrombosis had markedly increased bleeding, whereas heparin levels that maintained extravascular hemostasis did not prevent intracoronary thrombosis. This suggests that Factor IX/IXa can contribute to thrombus formation, and that inhibition of IXa participation in the clotting mechanism blocks intravascular thrombosis without impairing extravascular hemostasis.
Principles of Pediatric Anesthesia
Authors: Maxine T. Clarke
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dr Bennett, a well-known pediatric anesthesiologist and teacher, has revised an early text in this subspecialty, the last regular (second) edition of which appeared in 1970. As we reflect back to the 1960s, pediatric anesthesia is seen to be emerging as a separate scientific discipline, the landmark work of Robert M. Smith and Leigh and Belton being summarized in their respective texts. During those years, there was a scarcity of written information and an urgent need for instruction in pediatric techniques. Currently, however, anesthesia literature contains abundant pediatric material, and any new text must possess exceptional merit. Dr Bennett indicates that the book's principles are chiefly directed to the "numerous persons who must anesthetize children occasionally." However, technical details lack sufficient clarity and specificity to permit their ready translation into clinical application. The book contains only two photographs, of isolated pieces of ancillary equipment, and five diagrams. References to the
Die Bronchotomographie mit besondere Berücksichtigung der postoperativen Zustände
Authors: Paul H. Holinger
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This book adds one more to the voluminous literature on bronchography, already so thoroughly covered in previous texts, monographs, and articles. As the title indicates, the bronchographic examinations are monitored by tomography, adding a further refinement to this diagnostic procedure. The book is richly illustrated by x-rays and drawings of varying quality, and occasional endoscopic photographs. The extensive case reports and interpretations of bronchotomograms are often difficult to follow in the reproductions. Nevertheless, the many interesting intrathoracic problems presented are covered in great detail, correlating clinical, roentgenographic, endoscopic, surgical, and pathological findings.  The unusual size and shape of the book makes it inconvenient to use as a reference. It carries the name of Georg Thieme as publisher, but is printed and published by the VEB Georg Thieme in East Germany which has no relationship to the famous Georg Thieme Verlag. The author is Czechoslovakian and consequently he adds much to
Carcinoma, villous atrophy, and steatorrhoea.
Authors: A Brzechwa-Ajdukiewicz, C F McCarthy, W Austad, J Cornes, W J Harrison, A E Read
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS There appears to be an increased incidence of carcinoma of the fore and mid gut in patients with villous atrophy of the small intestine.
Does physical activity prevent cancer?
Authors: D. Batty, I. Thune
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Physical activity has marked effects on several functions of the human body that may influence cancer risk. These effects vary according to the mode, duration, frequency, and intensity of the activity and include changes in cardiovascular and pulmonary capacity, bowel motility, endogenous hormones, energy balance, immune function, antioxidant defence, and DNA repair. Although a role for energy balance in cancer causation was advanced almost three centuries ago, it is mainly in the past decade that over 200 population based studies have linked work, leisure, and household physical activities to cancer risk. The most researched cancers are those of the bowel, breast, endometrium, prostate, testes, and lung.

Cancer of the large bowel is the most commonly investigated cancer in relation to physical activity.1–4 Meta-analysis1 and systematic reviews 2 3 show an inverse dose-response association between activity and colon cancer such that physically active men and women experience around half the risk of their sedentary counterparts. This observation is seen across populations and study methods, with little indication of publication bias.1 Plausible mechanisms of protection include the favourable …
NADPH oxidase regulates efficacy of vaccination in aspergillosis
Authors: George S. Deepe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Invasive aspergillosis is often a consequence of immune suppression, and accumulating evidence points to a role for adaptive immunity. Hence, it may be possible to manipulate the adaptive immune system to enhance protective immunity in at-risk individuals. In this issue of the JCI, De Luca and colleagues describe the ontogeny of adaptive immune responses to murine aspergillosis infection in relation to vaccination. Their thought-provoking findings reveal the complexities of vaccine-induced immunity and could be used to improve vaccine efficacy.
Zero Ventilation: A Transient Episode
Authors: Hidayath Ansari, Manish Pandit, Parthiban Armugam, Jackie James
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A 65-year-old man with known ischemic heart disease and previous coronary artery bypass grafts was admitted having been found collapsed in the street. He was a smoker with a history of alcohol abuse. On clinical examination he was unkempt, febrile, hemodynamically stable, and had no systemic deficits. The O2 saturation on air was 99%, with a po2 of 9.2, and pco2 of 4.0. Ventilation perfusion (VQ) scan was performed to rule out a pulmonary embolism. While in the department he was noted to be dyspneic and generally unwell. The perfusion images showed reduced perfusion to both lower zones more marked on the right. The ventilation study was markedly abnormal on the initial views with no ventilation to the right lung. However, the patient had recurrent episodes of cough with expectoration of sputum before the anterior view was imaged, which subsequently demonstrated ventilation defects in the right mid and lower zones. A repeat ventilation sequence was performed which confirmed these findings in all views. Chest x-ray performed prior to the lung scan was normal.
Out of hours cover
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A long time ago, I sailed three or four of the seven seas in good company. Motives were mixed. I was a reservist and discontent with the NHS, the Royal Navy needed medical officers, and I needed time to write a novel. So I rang up a senior naval figure, the appointer, and asked for a ship going somewhere warm and coming back in time for the Edinburgh Festival.

He rang back minutes later, asking when the Edinburgh …
Access to high cost drugs in Australia
Authors: Christine Y Lu, Ken Williams, Ric Day, Lyn March, Lloyd Sansom, James Bertouch
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Risk sharing scheme may set a new paradigm 

The Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme provides universal subsidised access to a wide range of medicines (www.health.gov.au/pbs/). Consumers make a co-payment of $A23.70 (£8.90; €13.50) per prescription ($A3.80 for patients who get concessions) for medicines that cost the government more than this amount (and pay in full for medicines that cost less than $A23.70). Prescription medicines are assessed by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee, which evaluates incremental cost effectiveness (including quality adjusted life years) of the product compared with other treatments that the new treatment could replace.1 Expenditure of the pharmaceutical benefits scheme has been rising at some 10% per year, a rate greater than any other federal health programme, and this situation is considered by many to be economically and politically unsustainable.2–3 Recent listings of costly medicines used for relatively common conditions, underestimates of prescribing rates for drugs such as celecoxib and omeprazole, and prescribing beyond …
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator is an essential regulator of murine hematopoietic stem cell viability
Authors: Bryan L. Krock, Tzipora S. Eisinger-Mathason, Dionysios N. Giannoukos, Jessica E. Shay, Mercy Gohil, David S. Lee, Michael S. Nakazawa, Julie Sesen, Nicolas Skuli, M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Blood (2015)
Osteoarthritis Beginning With Inflammation
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A syndrome of acute onset of inflammation over interphalangeal joints heralding deforming osteoarthritis may be intermediate between degenerative and rheumatoid joint diseases. The syndrome appears predominantly in women of menopausal age and is remarkably symmetrical. In a prospective study of 170 propositi, later changes more characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis than of generalized or erosive osteoarthritis developed in 15.3%.
Changing pattern of disease and disability in schoolchildren in England and Wales.
Authors: P. Henderson
Journal: BMJ (1968)

One appreciates how much has been achieved in these islands when one visits a developing Asian or African country where there is still a mass of untreated physical disease among children, including tuberculosis, diphtheria, typhoid, virulent measles, the tropical diseases, and severe malnutrition. But already in these countries there are doctors and educationists who recog nize that there are also boys and girls with emotional and behaviour problems, and with speech and language disorders, for whom there is no diagnostic, treatment, or special educa tional provision, and whose needs are submerged by the many with gross and grave physical illness. Recently I visited two of these countries, one in Africa the other in Asia, where there was only one psychiatrist in each. One of the countries had a single mental hospital with a nominal 700 beds for adults and children but, on average, 1,500 inpatients, more than half of whom had to lie on the stone floor of the wards. The other country had 100 psychiatric beds for an estimated population of about 12 million; patients, including children, who were considered to be refractory were sent to a home for the destitute. Though such conditions no longer exist in this country we have no cause for complacency. It must be emphasized that children wiith handicaps and disabilities do not often fall naturally into clear-cut separate categories. It is administratively convenient to have categories of handicapped children, but, in fact, many handicapped boys and girls have more than one disability; children with severe multiple handicaps, particularly those with grave defects of hearing and vision, present specially difficult problems to the medical, educational, and social services and, not least, to their parents. Parent counselling is vitally important but is outside the scope of this lecture. Though most schoolchildren with severe handicaps and dis abilities are in special schools quite a number attend the regular classes of ordinary schools, as do many children with less severe handicaps. There is still much to be learnt about what is the best educational provision that it is practicable to arrange for handicapped children, and the more closely the educational and medical services co-operate in this work the better it will be for the children and their parents. The official Ministerial policy is that No handicapped pupil should be sent to a special school who can be satisfactorily educated in an ordinary school. 21
Efficacy in allergen control and air permeability of different materials used for bed encasement
Authors: D. G. Peroni, M. Ress, R. Pigozzi, M. Miraglia Del Giudice, A. Bodini, G. L. Piacentini
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Different types of textile are used for the preparation of covers for bed encasement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different fabrics employed for mattress covers regarding their efficacy in blocking Der p 1 and Fel d 1 as well as their air permeability.Eleven different commercially available fabrics manufactured for allergen avoidance have been tested and compared with regular cotton. Dust samples titered for Der p 1 and Fel d 1 were pulled through the different fabrics using a modified Fussnecker dust trap and collected by a filter located downstream. Airflow through the dust trap was controlled by a vacuum pump operating for 5 min and measured at the beginning (T0) and at the end (T1) of the test.All the tightly woven and laminated materials were able to control mite allergen permeability allowing air passage but they significantly differed in Fel d 1 permeability. Laminated tissues and laminated tissue not tissued were effective in controlling both the allergens but they did not allow air permeability.Detailed knowledge about the actual properties of the products for bed encasement needs to be considered in order to optimize allergen avoidance, disease control and sleep comfort.
American Medical Association apologises for commercial deal
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The American Medical Association has apologised for agreeing to endorse consumer products and has watered down its original agreement with the Florida based company, Sunbeam.

The planned endorsement of products such as blood pressure monitors, heating pads, and thermometers attracted heavy criticism from within the AMA and from newspapers and consumer organisations (23 August, p 445).

Under the original deal Sunbeam would have paid the AMA royalties in return for carrying the …
Isoproterenol and Electrocardiographic Findings
Authors: MICHAEL D. YOUNG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 August 1976Isoproterenol and Electrocardiographic FindingsMICHAEL D. YOUNG, M.D., PH.D.MICHAEL D. YOUNG, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-2-259_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Drs. Berger and Winsor comment in their recent letter (1) on Shim's and Williams' paper evaluating the safety of isoproterenol (2). They report their own findings (3, 4) that isoproterenol "in similar therapeutic doses" resulted in ischemic ECG changes.Shim and Williams administered overdosages of isoproterenol from pressurized aerosol containers to asthmatic patients without heart disease. Puffs of 100 µg were given in repeated doses of either two puffs every 5 min or five to 10 puffs every 20 min. There were no arrhythmias or changes in ST segments. The authors concluded that the drug is safe...References1. BERGERWINSOR HT: Isoproterenol and electrocardiographic findings (Letter). Ann Intern Med 84:221-222, 1976 LinkGoogle Scholar2. SHIMWILLIAMS CM: Cardiac response to repeated doses of isoproterenol aerosol. Ann Intern Med 83:208-211, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar3. WINSORMILLSWINBURY TBM: Intramyocardial diversion of coronary blood flow: effects of isoproterenol-induced subendocardial ischemia. Microvasc Res 9:261-278, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WINSORBERGER TH: Isoproterenol toxicity. Am Heart J 89:814-817, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1976Volume 85, Issue 2Page: 259-259KeywordsArrhythmiaCardiovascular therapyDrugsElectrocardiographyIsoproterenolSafety Issue Published: 1 August 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
TCT-713 The benefit of beta-blocker therapy in hospital survivors receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention after ST-elevation myocardial infarction from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry
Authors: Jang Hoon Lee, Myung Hwan Bae, Shung Chull Chae, Yongkeun Cho, Won Suk Choi, Se Yong Jang, Jae-Eun Jun, Kyun Hee Kim, Sun Hee Park, Hun Sik Park, Dong Heon Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Salience, saccades, and the role of cortex
Authors: Kathleen Taylor
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Findlay &amp; Walker's target article proposes a model of saccade generation related to the underlying neuroscience. A problem with such models is the number of brain areas showing oculomotor function. Traditionally, therefore, models have been partial, usually concentrating either on cortex (Liu et al. 1997; Pierrot Deseilligny et al. 1995) or on the superior colliculus and brainstem circuits (Moschovakis 1994; Van Gisbergen et al. 1993). Findlay &amp; Walker's model attempts to integrate both levels within a functional framework. To some extent it falls between two stools. For example, some functions that the authors ascribe to subcortical regions may actually occur at the cortical level.
Propranolol for complicated infantile haemangiomas: a case series of 30 infants
Authors: F. Manunza, S. Syed, B. Laguda, J. Linward, H. Kennedy, K. Gholam, M. Glover, A. Giardini, J.I. Harper
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Propranolol for complicated infantile haemangiomas: a case series of 30 infants Get access F. Manunza, F. Manunza Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Syed, S. Syed Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Laguda, B. Laguda Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Linward, J. Linward Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Kennedy, H. Kennedy Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Gholam, K. Gholam Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Glover, M. Glover Department of Paediatric Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Giardini, A. Giardini Cardio‐Respiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.I. Harper J.I. Harper Department of Paediatric Dermatology John Harper. E‐mail: HarpeJ@gosh.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 2, 1 February 2010, Pages 466–468, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09597.x Published: 01 February 2010
Abstract P4-01-08: Assessing response in breast cancer with dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: Are signal intensity time curves adequate?
Authors: DK Woolf, AR Padhani, SP Li, MJ Beresford, N Jane Taylor, M-LW Ah-See, J Stirling, A Gogbashian, A Makris
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction Quantitative dynamic parameters including Ktrans can predict for both response and outcome in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Quantitative methods are time-consuming to calculate in practice, requiring expensive additional software and expertise. For diagnostic purposes, signal intensity-time curves (SITC) are used for tissue characterisation. In this study we compared NAC-related changes in SITC with the quantitative DCE-MRI biomarker Ktrans (wash-in rate) and response and outcomes. Methods 73 women with histologically-proven primary breast cancer underwent DCE-MRI studies before and after two cycles of NAC. Patients received anthracycline and/or docetaxel based chemotherapy. At completion of NAC, patients had surgery, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy / trastuzumab if ER/ HER2 positive. SITCs for each of the paired DCE-MRI studies were visually scored using a published pattern recognition schema consisting of 5 distinct patterns encompassing wash-in and wash-out phases and compared to the endpoints of OS, DFS and pathologic response. Results 58 patients completed the study and were evaluable. Median age was 45 years (range 22 to 70), 41 patients were ER/ PR +ve, 12 Her-2 +ve and 13 triple negative. At baseline the majority of patients (n = 28, 48%) had a curve shape of 4 (Table 1). Linear regression analyses showed that curve shapes were significantly related to ktrans values both before (r2 = 0.465, p&amp;lt;0.0001) and after 2 cycles of NAC (r2 = 0.615, p&amp;lt;0.0001). 37 of 58 patients (64%) had changes in curve shape in response to NAC; 35 (95%) had decreases in curve shape and two (5%) had increases. Decreases in curve shape of 1 point were seen in 15 (43%), 12 patients had decreases in shape of 2 (34%), and eight had decreases of 3 (23%). Changes in curve shapes were significantly related to changes in ktrans (r2 = 0.576, p&amp;lt;0.0001). Changes in curve shape were significantly correlated with clinical (p = 0.005) and pathologic response (p = 0.034). Reduction in curve shape of ≥2 points was significant for overall survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis with a 5 year OS of 80.9% vs 68.6% (p = 0.048). Table 1: Signal Intensity time curves (n = 58)Signal intensity time curve typeBaselinePost 2 cycles of NAC10 (0%)0 (0%)21 (1.7%)26 (44.8%)312 (20.7%)10 (17.2%)428 (48.3%)18 (31%)517 (29.3%4 (6.9%) Conclusions These data suggest that SITCs are closely related to the quantitative DCE-MRI biomarker Ktrans and that change in curve shape can be used to predict clinical and pathologic benefit as well as survival. In clinical practice, the use of SITC which needs no special software to generate, provides a useful method of assessing the effectiveness of NAC for primary breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-01-08.