tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medicare and Chronic Conditions
Authors: Gerard F. Anderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

When the Medicare program became operational in 1966, its primary orientation was the treatment of acute, episodic illness.1,2 The design of the program's benefits, coverage policies, payments to providers, and criteria for determining medical necessity were all oriented toward the treatment of acute diseases. Medicare retained this orientation for the next 40 years in spite of the growing number of Americans with chronic conditions.3,4 The Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 was an important first step in the reorientation of the Medicare program toward the care of patients with chronic disorders. Additional changes, however, will . . .
Expulsion of Placenta Before Birth of Child.
Authors: C. E. McReynolds
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As expulsion of placenta before that of child seems rather uncommon, the following may be interesting: The patient was seen Aug. 5, 1904. Miss —, primipara, white, aged 22, had taken some drug (probably ergot), to produce abortion. This had produced severe pains and some hemorrhage. On examination the placenta was plainly visible at vulva; there was a very foul odor. With patient under anesthesia the placenta and then a six-months fetus were delivered manually. The position of placenta before contractions of uterus was not known.
Development of Atherosclerosis in Dogs with Hypercholesterolemia and Chronic Hypertension
Authors: CAMPBELL MOSES
Journal: Circulation Research (1954)

Hypercholesterolemia was induced in pure-bred dogs by cholesterol feeding and propylthiouracil or radioiodine. Hypertension induced by the injection of silica into the renal artery increased the severity of aortic atherosclerosis. Marked hypercholesterolemia increased the severity of aortic atherosclerosis even in normotensive dogs.
Men Face Barriers to Mental Health Care
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dose-Related Kinetics of Aspirin
Authors: Anders K. Pedersen, Garret A. FitzGerald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

When aspirin is administered by mouth in low doses, poor systemic bioavailability may contribute to its apparent dose-related "selective inhibition" of THROMBOXANE A2 formation. Systemic bioavailability of orally administered aspirin is necessary to inhibit prostacyclin synthesis by systemic vascular endothelium, whereas cumulative inhibition of thromboxane A2 formation by platelets may occur in the presystemic (portal) circulation. We simultaneously administered unlabeled aspirin orally and deuterium-labeled aspirin intravenously in five healthy volunteers. This permitted an estimation of the bioavailability of an oral dose from the ratio of plasma drug concentration–time curves for the labeled and the unlabeled species. Systemic bioavailability ranged from 46 to 51 per cent of single oral doses of 20, 40, 325, and 1300 mg of aspirin. Bioavailability was similar after single-dose and long-term oral administration of 325 mg. Thromboxane B2 formation in serum ex vivo after oral administration of 20 mg of unlabeled aspirin was reduced 39 per cent before aspirin was detected in the systemic circulation. Furthermore, incubation of simulated peak plasma aspirin concentrations in whole blood in vitro underestimated the inhibition of thromboxane B2 ex vivo after oral administration of 20 or 40 mg of unlabeled aspirin. These data are consistent with presystemic inhibition of platelets by aspirin and suggest that biochemical "selectivity" might be enhanced by slow administration of very low doses of aspirin, thereby optimizing conditions for cumulative, presystemic acetylation of platelet cyclooxygenase and inhibition of thromboxane formation. (N Engl J Med 1984; 311:1206–11.)
Insights From Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Into the Mechanism of Functional Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Yutaka Otsuji, Mark D. Handschumacher, Ehud Schwammenthal, Leng Jiang, Jae-Kwan Song, J. Luis Guerrero, Gus J. Vlahakes, Robert A. Levine
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Recent advances in three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography allow us to address uniquely 3D scientific questions, such as the mechanism of functional mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and its relation to the 3D geometry of mitral leaflet attachments. Competing hypotheses include global LV dysfunction with inadequate leaflet closing force versus geometric distortion of the mitral apparatus by LV dilatation, which increases leaflet tethering and restricts closure. Because geometric changes generally accompany dysfunction, these possibilities have been difficult to separate. Methods and Results We created a model of global LV dysfunction by esmolol and phenylephrine infusion in six dogs, initially with LV expansion limited by increasing pericardial restraint and then with the pericardium opened. The mid-systolic 3D relations of the papillary muscle (PM) tips and mitral valve were reconstructed. Despite severe LV dysfunction (ejection fraction, 18±6%), only trace MR developed when pericardial restraint limited LV dilatation; with the pericardium opened, moderate MR accompanied LV dilatation (end-systolic volume, 44±5 mL versus 12±5 mL control, P &lt;.001). Mitral regurgitant volume and orifice area did not correlate with LV ejection fraction and dP/dt (global function) but did correlate with changes in the tethering distance from the PMs to the anterior annulus derived from the 3D reconstructions, especially PM shifts in the posterior and mediolateral directions, as well as with annular area ( P &lt;.0005). By multiple regression, only changes in the PM-to-annulus distance independently predicted MR volume and orifice area ( R 2 =.82 to .85, P =2×10 −7 to 6×10 −8 ). Conclusions LV dysfunction without dilatation fails to produce important MR. Functional MR relates strongly to changes in the 3D geometry of the mitral valve attachments at the PM and annular levels, with practical implications for approaches that would restore a more favorable configuration.
L-tryptophan and sexual behaviour.
Authors: A D Broadhurst, B Rao
Journal: BMJ (1977)

10 aged 16-19, 5 aged 20-30, and 9 over 30 years.t7 aged 16-19 and 3 aged 20-30 years.staff maintaining a reasonable standard of personal hygiene.The health hazard, although constantly present, would seem to be slight.
Massry and Glassock's Textbook of Nephrology
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In an age of instant information flow across webs that penetrate to the remotest corners of the earth, elegant traditional textbooks like the third edition of<i>Massry and Glassock's Textbook of Nephrology</i>continue to fill a need. This they achieve by assembling in one easily accessible place the latest advances in medical knowledge and the many changes in what an earlier author called "the tempestuous winds of medical fashion." These textbooks in a way resemble businesses in a competitive market. The successful ones survive; the others eventually fall by the wayside. This one would seem to have a good prognosis: it is already in its third edition, it is readable, and it represents a pleasant compromise between the smaller, largely clinical manuals and the more exhaustive (and exhausting) compendia with their long chapters that never seem to end. The chapters in these volumes are of a reasonable length. Instead of
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition in type 2, diabetic patients – interaction with ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism
Authors: W.Y. So, R.C.W. Ma, R. Ozaki, P.C.Y. Tong, M.C.Y. Ng, C.S. Ho, C.W.K. Lam, C.C. Chow, W.B. Chan, A.P.S. Kong, J.C.N. Chan
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Ulceration of the penis due to Absidia corymbifera
Authors: A. Karam, J-C. Ianotto, J-P. Metges, J-R. Eveillard, J-P. Leroy, A-M. Le Flohic, C. Berthou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Ulceration of the penis due to Absidia corymbifera Get access A. Karam, A. Karam Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐C. Ianotto, J‐C. Ianotto Haematology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐P. Metges, J‐P. Metges Oncology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐R. Eveillard, J‐R. Eveillard Haematology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐P. Leroy, J‐P. Leroy Pathology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A‐M. Le Flohic, A‐M. Le Flohic Mycology, Hospital University, 5 Avenue Foch, 29200 Brest, France. E‐mail: allan.karam@chu‐brest.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Berthou C. Berthou Haematology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 6, 1 June 2003, Pages 1286–1287, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05371.x Published: 01 June 2003
Infectious Disease Problems in Pediatrics That Need Investigation
Authors: JOHN D. NELSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The opinions of 28 investigators representing all areas of pediatric infectious diseases were sought regarding priorities for research. Seven general areas were most commonly emphasized: new diagnostic methods (especially for viral infections), vaccines (bacterial, respiratory viruses, herpesviruses, and varicella-zoster), diarrhea (pathogenesis), National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored studies of antimicrobial agents, NIH-sponsored cooperative studies of uncommon infections, host factors related to susceptibility and resistance and host responses to infection, and studies of bacterial-viral interaction and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. Where pediatric and adult medicine interests overlap, collaborative studies would be desirable.
Aerosol Delivery of Robust Polyethyleneimine– DNA Complexes for Gene Therapy and Genetic Immunization
Authors: Charles L. Densmore, Frank M. Orson, Bo Xu, Berma M. Kinsey, J.Clifford Waldrep, Pascal Hua, Balbir Bhogal, Vernon Knight
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

Aerosol delivery of plasmid DNA to the lungs offers the possibility of direct application of gene preparations to pulmonary surfaces as a means of treating a variety of genetic pulmonary disorders. However, the process of jet nebulization rapidly degrades naked DNA, viral vectors, and many lipid-based formulations. While complexing DNA with cationic lipids has been shown to significantly stabilize plasmid DNA, losses of biological activity often occur during nebulization, severely limiting the efficiency of aerosol delivery of many such complexes. In conjunction with the design of aerosol delivery systems appropriate for DNA delivery, we have developed formulations using polyethyleneimine (PEI, a polycationic polymer) and DNA that result in a high level of pulmonary transfection (10- to 100-fold greater than many cationic lipids) and are stable during nebulization. In addition, these PEI-based formulations exhibit a high degree of specificity for the lungs. The properties of PEI-based formulations that make them resistant to nebulization and efficient as DNA delivery vectors for pulmonary sites have been investigated. Potential applications of this technology, including the use of aerosolized PEI–DNA for genetic immunization, are discussed.
Combating the burden of musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: J S Smolen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In recent years, Kinesio tape has been used to support injured muscle and joints, and relieve pain. We compared the pain and disability in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain who were treated with Kinesio taping with those using minimal or other treatment approaches. <h3>Methods</h3> Searches of eight major electronic databases were conducted. Data for pain and disability scores were extracted. Meta-analyses (wherever possible) with either a fixed or random effect(s) model, standardised mean differences (SMDs) and tests of heterogeneity were performed. <h3>Results</h3> Seventeen clinical-controlled trials were identified and included in the meta-analyses. When compared to minimal intervention, Kinesio taping provided superior pain relief (pooled SMD=−0.36, 95% CI −0.64 to −0.09, p=0.009) but the pooled disability scores were not significantly different (pooled SMD=−0.41, 95% CI −0.83 to 0.01, p=0.05). No significant differences were found when comparing Kinesio taping to other treatment approaches for pain (pooled SMD=−0.44, 95% CI −1.69 to 0.82, p=0.49) and disability (pooled SMD=0.08, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.43, p=0.65). <h3>Discussion</h3> Kinesio taping is superior to minimal intervention for pain relief. Existing evidence does not establish the superiority of Kinesio taping to other treatment approaches to reduce pain and disability for individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CORONARY BIFURCATION LESIONS: CHANGES IN THE AREA AND VOLUME OF THE MAIN VESSEL STENT FOLLOWING SIDE-BRANCH AND FINAL KISSING BALLOON INFLATIONS
Authors: Massoud A. Leesar, Mehmet Cilingiroglu, Imran Arif, Mohamed Effat, Shahid Rahman, Tarek Helmy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Ouabain effects on intracellular potassium activity and contractile force in cat papillary muscle.
Authors: D J Browning, T Guarnieri, H C Strauss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

The relationship between the positive inotropic and toxic effects of cardiac glycosides and their effects on intracellular ionic composition is incompletely defined. We measured intracellular potassium activity (alpha ik), extracellular potassium activity (alpha ek), resting potential, action potential duration, and contractile force at 32 degrees C in paired papillary muscles from feline right ventricles exposed to ouabain. Muscles used for electrophysiological measurements were quiescent except for isolated stimulation to confirm impalement and record action potential duration. Muscles used for contractile force measurements were quiescent except for 4-min periods when force was measured at a cycle length of 1,400 ms. Muscle length was adjusted to achieve 50% of maximal tension at this cycle length before each experiment. In four experiments, alpha ik and contractile force were measured in the same muscle. Alpha iK was measured with single and double-barrel K-sensitive electrodes. At 10 nM ouabain, action potential duration is prolonged. Among the concentrations tested, the threshold for a clear positive inotropic effect is 0.1 microM ouabain. The threshold for decrease in alpha iK, increase in alpha eK, and decrease in membrane potential is 1 microM, at which concentration toxic signs develop, including arrhythmias, aftercontractions, and alteration in the staircase response of contractile force to repetitive stimulation. Ouabain need not change alpha iK to effect positive inotropy in ventricular muscle, a relationship different from that reported between [K]i (intracellular potassium concentration) and positive inotropy. Higher ouabain concentrations, which others have shown to clearly inhibit active Na and K transport, are shown to upset intracellular potassium activity homeostasis and to consistently produce toxicity.
An Address ON THE APPLICATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL LESSONS OF THE WAR TO CIVIL WORK
Authors: H. M. W. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1921)

TrE subject of my discourse is one with very many sides to it, and can be appreciated fully probably only by those wlho saw service under the most varying conditions during the late war.I have no doubt that many of you have interested yourselves already in some of the things of which I slhall speak.I crave the forbearance of specialists in medical politics, but at tlhe same time I lhope that I may b(e able to interest every one in some measure.In an educational centre like Dundee the results of teachina, especially such as were revealed 1under the stress and stimuluts of war, wien the minds of men were strung to a high pitCh, must always be of surpassing interest.It is really the stuLdy of thlese results and a desire to help in improvement whichi h1as led to this address.That there is rooIn for improvement in hiedical edUcation and in facilities for work in civil life was, I am sUre, appreciated by us all when we were face to face withi thle difficulties of war work.I am equally sure that we were not troubled witlh the big aspects Of things so m111uch as bV the working oUt and application of details, without which big things were impossible.The well trained man pays attention to details.It is only the exceptionally capable man wvlho in later life can surtmount shortcomings of education and compete successfully with h1is better trained fellows.Judging from my experience in the war, I claim this power for the averaae jiedical graduate of Scotland, and on th1at account I venture to refer to the disadvantages of hiis present-day education in a somuewhat forcible way.In saving that, witll a better education, his prowess in the arenas of tlje world would be far more striking, I acknowledge again that I belong to the ultimate divi- sion in the Sassenach classification of those north of tlle Tweed-the Scotsman, the damned Scotsman, and the Aberdonian !From the outset I wish you to keep in mind the fact that the problems of treatment, both preventive and curative, are virtually the same for the civilian at home as for the soldier in the field, and differ only in the uirgency of appeal to our sentiments and to our best efforts.The honest civilian worker, whetlher of high or of low degree, should be regarded as doing equal service for his country under tlle conditions of peace as tlhe soldier in war, althouglh tlle latter, in the strenuous and dangerous conditions of the battlefield, appeals to onremotions in 'AN.22, I9q2 1T f lrw.xr?w L Mzw"L jov=At r(3,71
Carvedilol vs. esophageal variceal band ligation in the primary prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage: A multicentre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hasnain Ali Shah, Zahid Azam, Javeria Rauf, Shahab Abid, Saeed Hamid, Wasim Jafri, Abdullah Khalid, Faisal Wasim Ismail, Om Parkash, Amna Subhan, Syed Mohammad Munir
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
1052-207 Left atrial flutter post pulmonary vein isolation: Draw a line or reisolation of the recovered pulmonary vein ostium?
Authors: Jennifer E Cummings, Mandeep Bhargava, J.David Burkhardt, Yaariv Khaykin, George Joseph, Ahmad Abdul-Karim, Atul Verma, Walid Saliba, Robert Schweikert, David O tin, Nassir Marrouche, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Maurice Ravel and Alzheimer's Disease-Reply
Authors: Donald J. Dalessio
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  I appreciate Dr Wainapel's comments and observations. In the early stages of his dementia, Ravel's problems with music were more expressive than receptive, as demonstrated by Alajouanine. Later on, however, he became unable to produce or comprehend music, even his own, and hence my use of the term amusia.
RATE AND CAUSE OF MATERNAL MORTALITY IN 1,000 CASES IN PRIVATE OBSTETRICAL PRACTICE.
Authors: WILLIAM M. FINDLEY
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Read in Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women of American Medical Association, May, 1884. While the rate of mortality, as given below, may be greater than that found in the experience of others, yet the writer apprehends that the causes as described, will make it appear that it is not excessive. The comparison between the same classes of cases in hospital and private practice, will show much more favorably if, as I think, due credit is given to the manifold obstacles which surround the practitioner in private circles. Called, as he often is, only "in extremis," when labor has progressed so far that a malposition which could have been readily corrected before the labor began, or in its early stages, has become an irremediable condition, is it any wonder that fatal results follow? Is it not the greater wonder that fatal results do not more frequently follow? Compelled to
Characterization of 1152 lesions excised over 10 years using total-body photography and digital dermatoscopy in the surveillance of patients at high risk for melanoma
Authors: Gabriel Salerni, Cristina Carrera, Louise Lovatto, Rosa M. Martí-Laborda, Guillermina Isern, Josep Palou, Llúcia Alós, Susana Puig, Josep Malvehy
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Venous Thrombosis Related to Air Travel
Authors: H. Nancy Sokol
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal