tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Angiotensinogen, Angiotensin II Receptor Genes, and Blood Pressure Response to an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
Authors: Xiaowen Su, Liming Lee, Xiaohui Li, Jun Lv, Yonghua Hu, Siyan Zhan, Weihua Cao, Ling Mei, Yong-Ming Tang, Dai Wang, Ronald M. Krauss, Kent D. Taylor, Jerome I. Rotter, Huiying Yang
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— To identify the genetic contribution to the variation in blood pressure (BP) response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the angiotensinogen ( AGT ), angiotensin receptor 1 ( AGTR1 ), and angiotensin receptor 2 ( AGTR2 ) genes were evaluated for their association with BP response to ACEI in Chinese patients with hypertension in a 2-stage design. Methods and Results— We selected 1447 hypertensive patients from a 3-year benazepril postmarket surveillance trial and genotyped them for 14 SNPs in the AGT , AGTR1 , and AGTR2 genes. The AGT rs7079 (C/T) SNP (3′-untranslated region) was significantly associated with the response of diastolic BP to benazepril (diastolic BP response: −7.4 mm Hg for subjects with the CC genotype, −8.9 mm Hg for CA, and −10.1 mm Hg for AA; P =0.001). Although there was no association of individual SNPs in the AGTR1 gene, there was a graded response between common haplotypes and systolic BP reduction in the order of haplotype 2 (H2)/lack of haplotype 3 (non-H3) (−13.6 mm Hg) &gt; non-H2/non-H3 (−10.9 mm Hg) &gt; H3/non-H2 (−6.6 mm Hg) ( P =0.004). The total variations in response to ACEI therapy that were explained by the AGT SNP and AGTR1 haplotype groups were 13% for systolic and 9% to 9.6% for diastolic BP, respectively. Conclusion— AGT SNP rs7079 and AGTR1 haplotypes were associated with BP reduction in response to ACEI therapy in hypertensive Chinese patients. This will be useful in future studies, providing genetic markers to predict the hypertensive response to ACEI therapy.
Mutations in 2 distinct genetic pathways result in cerebral cavernous malformations in mice
Authors: Aubrey C. Chan, Stavros G. Drakos, Oscar E. Ruiz, Alexandra C.H. Smith, Christopher C. Gibson, Jing Ling, Samuel F. Passi, Amber N. Stratman, Anastasia Sacharidou, M. Patricia Revelo, Allie H. Grossmann, Nikolaos A. Diakos, George E. Davis, Mark M. Metzstein, Kevin J. Whitehead, Dean Y. Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are a common type of vascular malformation in the brain that are a major cause of hemorrhagic stroke. This condition has been independently linked to 3 separate genes: Krev1 interaction trapped (KRIT1), Cerebral cavernous malformation 2 (CCM2), and Programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10). Despite the commonality in disease pathology caused by mutations in these 3 genes, we found that the loss of Pdcd10 results in significantly different developmental, cell biological, and signaling phenotypes from those seen in the absence of Ccm2 and Krit1. PDCD10 bound to germinal center kinase III (GCKIII) family members, a subset of serine-threonine kinases, and facilitated lumen formation by endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest that CCM may be a common tissue manifestation of distinct mechanistic pathways. Nevertheless, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for either Pdcd10 or Ccm2 resulted in CCMs in mice. The murine phenotype induced by loss of either protein reproduced all of the key clinical features observed in human patients with CCM, as determined by direct comparison with genotype-specific human surgical specimens. These results suggest that CCM may be more effectively treated by directing therapies based on the underlying genetic mutation rather than treating the condition as a single clinical entity.
LIPOMA OF THE PRETIBIAL TRIANGLE OF THE KNEE.
Authors: EDWIN W. RYERSON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Behind the patellar ligament is a triangular space formed by the capsule and the tibia. The tubercle of the tibia, to which the patellar ligament is attached, is situated about an inch below the joint-surface and half an inch in front of it, since the tibia slants backward from the tubercle to the joint. The capsule runs upward and forward from the upper border of the tibia, and is inserted into the lower edge of the patella. The patellar ligament is thus entirely outside of the joint, and so is the triangular space, the lateral boundaries of which are formed by the strong expansions of the fascia lata, called the lateral ligaments of the patella. This rough triangle is loosely filled with fat, which gives the capsule room enough to fold up during extension of the leg and allows it to conform to the condyles of the femur during flexion.
Prognostic Value of <b> <i>ERM</i> </b> Gene Expression in Human Primary Breast Cancers
Authors: Anne Chotteau-Lelièvre, Françoise Révillion, Valérie Lhotellier, Louis Hornez, Xavier Desbiens, Véronique Cabaret, Yvan de Launoit, Jean-Philippe Peyrat
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

We measured the expression of ERM gene, a nuclear transcription factor belonging to the ets family, in a series of 364 unselected primary breast cancers from patients who underwent locoregional surgery in the Centre Oscar Lambret between May 1989 and December 1991. The expression of ERM was quantified with a real-time one-step reverse transcription-PCR assay based on the 5'-nuclease activity of the TaqDNA polymerase and with an Abi Prism 7700 Sequence Detector System (Applied Biosystems, Courtaboeuf, France). ERM was positively correlated (Spearman test) to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; P < 0.001, r = 0.296) and to histoprognostic grading (P = 0.044, r = 0.112), whereas it was negatively correlated to estradiol receptors (P = 0.019, r = -0.124), HER3 (c-erbB-3; P = 0.01, r = -0.135), and HER4 (c-erbB-4; P = 0.003, r = -0.154). Using the chi2 test, a positive relationship was found between the expression of ERM and EGFR (chi2 = 7.795, P = 0.007). In overall survival studies, Cox univariate analyses demonstrated a prognostic value of ERM (P = 0.006; risk ratio, 2.95) besides the classical prognostic factors histoprognostic grading, node involvement, tumor size, estradiol receptors, progesterone receptors, EGFR, HER3, and HER4. In multivariate analyses, ERM preserved its prognostic value (P = 0.004; risk ratio, 3.779) together with histoprognostic grading, tumor size, estradiol receptors, and progesterone receptors. In relapse-free survival studies, univariate analyses demonstrated that histoprognostic grading, node involvement, tumor size, and HER4 were prognostic factors. These parameters, except histoprognostic grading, retained their prognostic value in multivariate analyses. This study demonstrates for the first time that ERM gene expression is an independent adverse prognostic factor for overall survival in breast cancer patients.
Problems of persistent and occult bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract.
Authors: S. T. Callender
Journal: BMJ (1968)

The problem of persistent and occult bleeding from the gastro- intestinal tract is one which can cause great concern.It often poses the question of how intensive and extensive the investigations should be in pursuing the cause.This is particularly so in the elderlv and frail patients in whom occult blood loss is common.Bedford and Wollner' found positive occult blood tests in 55 % of a random selection of 156 admissions in patients of 65 years and over.Anaemia was twice as common in those with gastrointestinal bleeding as in those without.Iron deficiency anaemia is indeed the most frequent guise in which chronic bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract pre- sents itself to the physician.The balance of iron is so delicately adjusted that any long-continued blood loss sooner or later exhausts the reserves of iron and further loss cannot be made good from the diet alone.Apart from excessive menstrual loss, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract is by far the most frequent cause of iron deficiency.This was shown well by the follow-up study2 of 371 patients with iron deficiency anaemia seen in the Nuffield Department of Medicine in Oxford in the 20-year period 1941 to 1960.This study showed that in 149 patients gastrointestinal blood loss from a known cause was an aetiological factor in the anaemia.In a further 59 positive occult blood tests were obtained but no cause was recognized either initially or at sub- sequent follow-up.Before proceeding to investigate such cases one must consider all the possible causes.
Compression Fracture of L-2 With Cauda Equina Injury
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Patrick J. Logue: This was the first Massachusetts General Hospital admission for this 36-year-old Negro laborer who was admitted shortly after noon with a history of a fall of 12 feet. While eating his lunch on scaffolding at a construction site near the hospital, the structure collapsed. He described unconsciousness, lasting "a few minutes" and back pain without radiation to the legs. On admission to the Emergency Ward he was fully alert and complaining of severe pain in the low back. The mental status was clear, and the patient was oriented to time and place. Cranial nerve function was normal. There was hypalgesia to pinprick over dermatomes L-3 to S-2 in the right lower extremity. Position and vibratory senses were intact. Detailed muscle examination was not performed because of the patient's pain, but flexion and extension of toes, ankles, and knees were described as present bilaterally. Deep tendon reflexes
The role of ADAM protease in the tyrosine kinase-mediated trigger mechanism of ischemic preconditioning
Authors: Y Ichikawa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the role of an a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) in tyrosine kinase-mediated mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning (PC). Methods and results: In isolated rabbit hearts, PC was performed with two cycles of 5 min ischemia/5 min reperfusion and infarction was induced by 30 min global ischemia/2 h reperfusion. Translocation of protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε) and tyrosine phosphorylation in the tissue and TNF-α in coronary effluent were determined by immunoblotting. PC reduced infarct size from 55.1±6.8% of the left ventricle to 24.4±5.2%, and this protection was mimicked by pretreatment with 100 nM angiotensin II. Both the PC effect and angiotensin II-induced protection were abolished by genistein and by 10 μM KB-R7785 (KBR), an inhibitor of ADAM12/17, but not by a lower ADAM12-selective dose (1 μM) of KBR. AG1478, an inhibitor of EGF receptor tyrosine kinase, did not inhibit protection afforded by PC. PC provoked release of TNF-α into the coronary effluent, which was abolished by 10 μM KBR but not by 1 μM of KBR or calphostin C, a PKC inhibitor. PKC-ε translocation by PC was not affected by KBR. PC induced tyrosine phosphorylation of 60 and 90 kDa proteins, and this phosphorylation was abolished by 10 μM KBR but not by calphostin C. Pretreatment with TNF-α limited infarct size to 16.7±3.7% and induced tyrosine phosphorylation of a 60 kDa protein. Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that an ADAM contributes to the triggering of a tyrosine kinase-mediated and PKC-independent pathway of PC. The ADAM responsible for this tyrosine kinase-mediated pathway is likely to be ADAM17, which sheds TNF-α.
EVALUATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE INHALATION THERAPY
Authors: JOHN D. MORIARTY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

CO2 inhalation therapy produces favorable effects in a variety of neuroses and psychosomatic conditions, especially in anxiety states, phobic reactions, certain ill defined tension states, and conditions like spastic colitis and migraine headaches. It cuts across diagnostic boundaries, but is of little value in psychoses and firmly established obsessive- compulsive states. CO2 therapy lends itself peculiarly well to correlation with and facilitation of psychotherapy of the modified analytic type. Healing mechanisms are not too clearly understood, but a breaking up of pathologic reverberating circuits in the nervous system seems to be an important action of CO2. Perhaps equally important is the abreaction of repressed emotional "material" that tends to be released by the inhibition of the higher cortical centers during the inhalations. The suggestive effects of CO2 are minimal and transient and play little part in the healing process. As a rule it is desirable for the therapist himself to undergo at least a brief series of CO2 inhalation treatments. The subjective experiences so produced sharpen his awareness of the preverbal feelings that are often released by the action of the gas and greatly enhance his capacity to aid the patient in coming to grips with unconscious feelings brought close to the surface toward the end of the treatment. Over a 4-year period a total of about 7,500 CO2 treatments have been administered by the author to a series of 290 patients. Evaluation of the clinical results of the first 100 patients, who seem representative of the total group, reveals that 42% may be classified as "Much Improved," 39% as "Improved," and 19% as "Unimproved." CO2 narcosis therapy may thus be considered an important method of treatment for various types of neuroses and psychosomatic conditions. In many cases it is of therapeutic benefit by itself, but usually it is most effective when integrated with psychotherapy.
The adipsin-acylation stimulating protein system and regulation of intracellular triglyceride synthesis.
Authors: A Baldo, A D Sniderman, S St-Luce, R K Avramoglu, M Maslowska, B Hoang, J C Monge, A Bell, S Mulay, K Cianflone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

We have previously characterized an activity from human plasma that markedly stimulates triglyceride synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblasts and human adipocytes. Based on its in vitro activity we named the active component acylation stimulating protein (ASP). The molecular identity of the active serum component has now been determined. NH2-terminal sequence analysis, ion spray ionization mass spectroscopy, and amino acid composition analysis all indicate that the active purified protein is a fragment of the third component of plasma complement, C3a-desArg. As well, reconstitution experiments with complement factors B, D, and complement C3, the components necessary to generate C3a, have confirmed the identity of ASP as C3a. ASP appears to be the final effector molecule generated by a novel regulatory system that modulates the rate of triglyceride synthesis in adipocytes.
THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONER AS AN ASSET TO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
Authors: A. H. Hogarth
Journal: BMJ (1918)

MEDICINE," wrote Plato more than two thousand years uigo, "is the science of health."To-day it is popularly regarded as the science of disease; otherwise we should be in the iab,it of paying for medical attendance only while we were actually maintained in good health, and yet, as matters now are, we are taught to live when our life is wellnigh spent.A revolution in act as well as in thought is necessary if it is hoped to create a national, or indeed an individual, health conscience during the present generation.The establislhment of an individual health conscience is, I believe, tile ideal we all have in view.Two tentative schemes to this end are now under discussion:1.The creation of a central Ministry of Health.2. The inauguration of a State medical service.
Trends in Emergency Department Visits Among Medicaid Patients
Authors: Nancy Sonnenfeld, Sandra L. Decker, Susan M. Schappert
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Early and late results of thrombectomy prior to stenting in acute myocardial infarction: principal report of the EndiCOR X-SIZER AMI registry
Authors: David A. Cox, Thomas Stuckey, Joseph Babb, Reggie Low, Louis Cannon, Robert Iwaoka, Mark Turco, Bruce Brodie, Alexandra Lansky, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
From trades to professions
Authors: R. Basker
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Having read with much interest the paper by Professor Black (JRSM 2007;100:219-224),1 may I be permitted to comment on the penultimate section, ‘Emergence of the professions’.

It should be mentioned that the British Dental Association has never been a regulatory body established by an Act of Parliament. It was created in 1879 and held its first general meeting in 1880; the first president was John Tomes, who was given a knighthood in 1886.2

The Dentist Act of 1921 led to the creation of the regulatory body, the Dental Board of the United Kingdom, which functioned under the auspices of the General Medical Council. The Dentist Act of 1956 resulted in self-government by the newly created General Dental Council. At the first meeting of the Council of the GDC the president, Sir Wilfred Fish, expressed the dental profession's grateful thanks to the GMC for the advice, support and the many kindnesses that had been given over the years. The message of thanks was formalized in a Council resolution; 50 years on, the wording of the last part might appear a little dated.

‘Moved from the Chair, and agreed: “That the President of the General Medical Council be thanked for that Council's hospitality in allowing the Dental Council the use of their Council Chamber, dining and smoking rooms.” ’

The General Dental Council celebrated its golden anniversary on 4 July 2006.
Ventricular Defibrillation by Monophasic Trapezoidal-shaped Double-pulses of Low Electrical Energy
Authors: L. Resnekov, J. Norman, P. Lord, E. Sowton
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1968)

Journal Article Ventricular Defibrillation by Monophasic Trapezoidal-shaped Double-pulses of Low Electrical Energy Get access Leon Resnekov, Leon Resnekov From the Institute of Cardiology, National Heart Hospital, and the Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John Norman, John Norman From the Institute of Cardiology, National Heart Hospital, and the Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Lord, Peter Lord From the Institute of Cardiology, National Heart Hospital, and the Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Edgar Sowton Edgar Sowton From the Institute of Cardiology, National Heart Hospital, and the Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 2, Issue 3, July 1968, Pages 261–264, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/2.3.261 Published: 01 July 1968
Recent Developments in Pathophysiologic Studies of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Authors: Edgar Haber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE role of the kidney in the regulation of blood pressure through the mediation of renin was first suggested by the classic experiments of Goldblatt.1 Although there was considerable initial enthusiasm that such a mechanism might provide a clue to the etiology of human hypertension, a series of confusing experiments in animal models, as well as an inability to define the components of this system with methods then available, lessened interest in renin among clinicians. Within recent years, through the efforts of a number of investigative groups, the interrelations between the multiple components of this system have been elucidated. The . . .
Plasma Protein Storage
Authors: J. Beattie, H. B. Collard
Journal: BMJ (1942)

NUTRITIONAL IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA MEDICAL JOURNAL507groups is given in Table VI.This shows that whereas in the Aberdeen series not a single child had a haemoglobin of less than 800%, almost half of the children in Helen Mackay's series and more than half of the children examined by us in Edinburgh had haemoglobin concentrations below that level.TABLE VI.-Comparison of Anaemizia itn 3 Gr-oups of School Children (5 to 12 Years) Percentage of Children in No. of Different Haemoglobin Ranges Cases Hb < 71% Hb 71-80% Hb 81-90%IHb > 90% 8 45 40
Molecular action of the l(2)gl tumor suppressor gene of Drosophila melanogaster.
Authors: R Merz, M Schmidt, I Török, U Protin, G Schuler, H P Walther, F Krieg, M Gross, D Strand, B M Mechler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Tumor suppressor genes act as recessive determinants of cancer. These genes contribute to the normal phenotype and are required for regulating cell growth and differentiation during development. Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes leads to an unrestricted pattern of growth in specific cell types. In Drosophila, a series of genes have been identified that cause tissue-specific tumors after mutation. Of these, the lethal(2)giant larvae (l(2)gl) gene is the best studied. Homozygous l(2)gl mutations cause the development of malignant tumors in the brain and the imaginal discs. Genomic DNA from the l(2)gl locus has been cloned, introduced back into the genome of l(2)gl-deficient animals, and shown to reinstate normal development. The nucleotide sequence of the l(2)gl gene has been determined, as well as the sequences of two classes of transcripts. Analysis of the spatial distribution of both l(2)gl transcripts and proteins revealed that during early embryogenesis the l(2)gl gene is uniformly expressed in all cells and tissues. In late embryos, the l(2)gl expression becomes gradually restricted to tissues presenting no morphological or neoplastic alteration in the mutant animals. Further mosaic experiments revealed that l(2)gl gene loss can cause three distinct phenotypes: neoplastic transformation, abnormal differentiation, and normal development. These phenotypes depend upon the extent of gene activity in the stem cells prior to the formation of l(2)gl- clones. These analyses indicate that the critical period for the establishment of tumorigenesis occurs during early embryogenesis at a time when the l(2)gl expression is most intense in all cells.
Treatment of streptococcal sore throat. Stick to penicillin or nothing.
Authors: P Little, S Morgan, I Williamson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

salmeterol, although relieving symptoms, may mask or even increase the severity of the underlying disease.'The mortality data provided by Win Castle and colleagues do not alleviate current concerns that the frequent or regular use of f agonist drugs may be contributing to morbidity due to and mortality from asthma.