tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Public health is at risk of mainstreaming jargon, study shows
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Too many public health specialists are thinking “outside the box” or “reinventing the wheel,” concludes an analysis of presentations at a recent UK conference.

Public health, or “the front end business,” has been invaded by jargon and management speak, say the researchers, who analysed proceedings at the UK Faculty of Public Health’s annual scientific conference ( Public Health doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2008.05.012).

“These findings should form the basis …
Hazards of laparoscopy.
Authors: P Steptoe
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Comments in response to letters on the potential hazards of laparoscopy are presented. Laparoscopic instruments should be carefully checked before each procedure. The insertion of the pneumoperitoneum ne edle is important to the safety of the procedure. The needle should be inserted through the skin into the subdermal adipose layer of the abdominal wall only. The abdominal wall below the umbilicus should then be raised so that the needle may be passed through the fascia and peritoneum in a nearly horizontal direction. The needle should never be introduced with the gas source attached and flowing. The establishment of special training centers for endoscopic procedures is encouraged.
Human Sources and Absorption of Vitamin K in Relation to Anticoagulation Stability
Authors: John A. Udall
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Available vitamin K was studied by serial prothrombin tests in ten anticoagulated and ten healthy subjects in one approach to the problem of long-term anticoagulation instability. Dietary manipulations of vitamin K produced a profound and predictable effect on anticoagulation stability. This fat soluble vitamin (K) is apparently not absorbed from the colon, probably the site of most bacterial synthesis. Foods, rather than intestinal bacterial synthesis, probably provide most vitamin K for humans.
Hepatitis C virus infection increases the risk of developing peripheral arterial disease: A 9-year population-based cohort study
Authors: Yueh-Han Hsu, Chih-Hsin Muo, Chun-Yi Liu, Wen-Chen Tsai, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Fung-Chang Sung, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Computed Tomography of the Body
Authors: Jack Wittenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Retroperitoneum Lymph Nodes, Tumors, and Retropehtoneal Hemorrhage Assessment of retroperitoneal lymph nodes is a common clinical necessity for which CT and lymphangiography are the prime imaging examinations. The frequency of technically unsatisfactory examinations with ultrasound precludes its use. The complexities of choosing between CT and lymphangiography have recently been reviewed by Castellino and Marglin,61 who emphasize that many clinical considerations besides sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy often enter into this decision. Critical factors include findings at physical examination, patient tolerance, histologic type of the tumor being investigated, precision of information needed for therapeutic decisions, body habitus, and available radiologic expertise. CT's . . .
Genome-wide scan identifies a susceptibility locus for familial primary cutaneous amyloidosis on chromosome 5p13.1-q11.2
Authors: D-D. Lee, M-W. Lin, I-C. Chen, C-Y. Huang, M-T. Liu, C-R. Wang, Y-T. Chang, H-N. Liu, T-T. Liu, C-K. Wong, S-F. Tsai
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Genome‐wide scan identifies a susceptibility locus for familial primary cutaneous amyloidosis on chromosome 5p13.1‐q11.2 Get access D‐D. Lee, D‐D. Lee Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M‐W. Lin, M‐W. Lin Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanInstitute of Public Health Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I‐C. Chen, I‐C. Chen Genome Research Center Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐Y. Huang, C‐Y. Huang Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M‐T. Liu, M‐T. Liu Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐R. Wang, C‐R. Wang Department of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y‐T. Chang, Y‐T. Chang Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H‐N. Liu, H‐N. Liu Department of DermatologyDepartment of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T‐T. Liu, T‐T. Liu Genome Research Center Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐K. Wong, C‐K. Wong Department of DermatologyDepartment of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more S‐F. Tsai S‐F. Tsai Genome Research CenterInstitute of Genetics, National Yang‐Ming University, Taipei, TaiwanDivision of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan D‐D. Lee and M‐W. Lin contributed equally to this article Shih‐Feng Tsai. E‐mail: petsai@nhri.org.tw Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 6, 1 December 2006, Pages 1201–1208, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07524.x Published: 01 December 2006 Article history Accepted: 02 June 2006 Published: 01 December 2006
Alcohol Advertising in Magazines and Adolescent Readership
Authors: Craig F. Garfield, Paul J. Chung, Paul J. Rathouz
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Adolescent drinking is a major public health concern. The federal government does not restrict alcohol advertising to adolescents, but relies on the alcohol industry for self-regulation.To investigate recent alcohol advertising in magazines and to determine whether advertising frequency is associated with adolescent readership.All alcohol advertisements were counted that appeared from 1997-2001 in 35 of 48 major US magazines, which tracked their adolescent readership (3 refused all alcohol advertisements; and advertisement counts were unavailable for 10). Variation was assessed in the advertisement placement frequency for each major category of alcohol (beer, wine and wine coolers, and distilled liquor) by a magazine's adolescent readership (age 12-19 years), young adult readership (age 20-24 years), and older adult readership (age > or =25 years); readership demographics (sex, race, and income); year; frequency of publication; and cost per advertisement.Variation in alcohol advertising frequency by adolescent readership.Adolescent readership ranged from 1.0 to 7.1 million. The alcohol industry placed 9148 advertisements at a cost of 696 million dollars. Of the 9148 advertisements, 1201 (13%) were for beer, 443 (5%) for wine, and 7504 (82%) for liquor. After adjustment for other magazine characteristics, the advertisement rate ratio was 1.6 times more for beer (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.6; P =.05) and liquor (95% CI, 1.1-2.3; P =.01) for every additional million adolescent readers. Wine industry advertising was not associated with adolescent readership.Magazine advertising by the beer and liquor industries is associated with adolescent readership. Industry and federal policymakers should examine ways to regulate advertising that reaches large numbers of adolescents.
Uptake of individual free fatty acids by skeletal muscle and liver in man
Authors: Lars Hagenfeldt, John Wahren, Bengt Pernow, Lars Räf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Arterial-venous concentration differences for individual free fatty acids (FFA) were measured across the deep tissues of the forearm, the splanchnic vascular bed, and the kidney in healthy, postabsorptive subjects. In addition, arterial-portal venous FFA differences were determined in five patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy.
Halo nevus, rather than vitiligo, is a typical dermatologic finding of Turner's syndrome: Clinical, genetic, and immunogenetic study in 72 patients
Authors: Valeria Brazzelli, Daniela Larizza, Miriam Martinetti, Sara Martinoli, Valeria Calcaterra, Annalisa De Silvestri, Roberta Pandolfi, Giovanni Borroni
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)
Endothelin secretion by endocardial endothelial cells
Authors: A. M Shah
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Endothelin secretion by endocardial endothelial cells Get access Ajay M Shah Ajay M Shah Cardiovascular Sciences Research Group, Department of Cardiology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 1994, Page 722, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.5.722 Published: 01 May 1994
Carbon dioxide insufflation improves intubation depth in double-balloon enteroscopy: a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial
Authors: D. Domagk, M. Bretthauer, P. Lenz, L. Aabakken, H. Ullerich, C. Maaser, W. Domschke, T. Kucharzik
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) has been proven effective for deep intubation of the small bowel. However, intubation depth is limited by distention of the small bowel due to air insufflation during the procedure. The present trial investigated whether carbon dioxide (CO (2)) instead of standard air insufflation would improve intubation depth during DBE, as well as reduce postprocedure pain.One hundred and twelve consecutive patients scheduled for DBE at two centers were randomly assigned to either CO (2) or air insufflation during DBE. Patients and endoscopists were blinded with regard to the type of gas used. Intubation depth was registered using a validated form. Patients scored pain and discomfort during and after the examination on a 100-mm visual analog scale.One hundred patients were eligible for data analysis (48 in the CO (2) group and 52 in the air group). The mean small-bowel intubation depth was extended by 30 % in the CO (2) group compared to the air group (230 vs. 177 cm, P = 0.008). The superiority was most pronounced for oral DBE, with a 71-cm improvement in intubation depth when using CO (2) (295 cm in the CO (2) group vs. 224 cm in the air group, P < 0.001). Patient pain and discomfort were significantly reduced in the CO (2) group at 1 and 3 hours after the examination.CO (2) insufflation significantly extended intubation depth in DBE. CO (2) insufflation also reduces patient discomfort. CO (2) insufflation may lead to a higher diagnostic and therapeutic yield of DBE, with reduced patient discomfort.
Phase II Trial of Proteasome Inhibitor Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Pier Luigi Zinzani, Gerardo Musuraca, Monica Tani, Vittorio Stefoni, Enrica Marchi, Mariapaola Fina, Cinzia Pellegrini, Lapo Alinari, Enrico Derenzini, Antonio de Vivo, Elena Sabattini, Stefano Pileri, Michele Baccarani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

To determine the antitumor activity of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) or peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCLU) with isolated skin involvement.From May 2005 to June 2006 at our institute, we treated patients with previously pretreated CTCL or PTCLU using bortezomib as a single agent, at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, every 21 days for a total of six cycles.Fifteen patients were registered, of whom 12 (10 CTCL, all mycosis fungoides, and two PTCLU with isolated skin involvement) were assessable. The overall response rate was 67%, with two (17%) complete remissions and six (50%) partial remissions. The remaining four patients had disease progression. Histologically, the responder patients were seven with CTCL and one with PTCLU with isolated skin involvement. All responses were durable, lasting from 7 to 14 or more months. Overall, the drug was well tolerated, with no grade 4 toxicity. The most common grade 3 toxicities were neutropenia (n = 2), thrombocytopenia (n = 2), and sensory neuropathy (n = 2).This study suggests that bortezomib was well tolerated and has significant single-agent activity in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
Early Administration of Corticosteroids in Emergency Room Treatment of Acute Asthma
Authors: Lawrence M. Stein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Study Objective: To determine the effect of early administration of high-dose intravenous corticosteroids on duration of emergency room treatment and hospital admission rate in patients with acute asthma. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: The emergency room of a large, urban hospital with primary and referral care responsibilities. Patients: Eighty-one patients from 18 to 45 years of age with acute bronchial asthma and without pneumonitis or other serious underlying illnesses were studied on 91 occasions and were randomly assigned to control or experimental groups. Interventions: The steroid group received 125 mg of intravenous methylprednisolone whereas the control group received intravenous normal saline 30 minutes after initial treatment. Additional treatment included aerosolized metaproterenol and oral theophylline therapy. Six hours after study entry, remaining patients were treated with 40 mg of intravenous methylprednisolone. Hospitalization was mandatory if total treatment time was greater than 12 hours. Measurements and Main Results: Age, sex, peak expiratory flow at entry, and prevalence of recent corticosteroids use were similar in both groups. Duration of emergency room treatment was 6.7 ± 4.2 (SD) hours in the steroid group and 6.3 ± 4.1 hours in the control group (P = 0.66). Hospitalization was necessary in 18% (95% CI, 7% to 30%) of the steroid group and in 13% (CI, 3% to 22%) of the control group. Frequency of return visits for acute asthma 2 days after emergency room discharge was 11% (CI, -1% to 22%) in the steroid group and 13% (CI, 2% to 23%) in the control group. Conclusions: These results fail to show any benefit for early administration of corticosteroids in patients with acute asthma. Routine administration of corticosteroids on initial presentation in such patients may not be warranted.
Effect of Dose-Intensive Intravenous Melphalan and Autologous Blood Stem-Cell Transplantation on AL Amyloidosis–Associated Renal Disease
Authors: Laura M. Dember, Vaishali Sanchorawala, David C. Seldin, Daniel G. Wright, Michael LaValley, John L. Berk, Rodney H. Falk, Martha Skinner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Background: Dose-intensive intravenous melphalan with autologous blood stem-cell transplantation induces remission of the plasma cell dyscrasia in a substantial proportion of patients with AL amyloidosis. The impact of this treatment on associated renal disease is not known. Objective: To determine the effect of dose-intensive intravenous melphalan and autologous blood stem-cell transplantation on AL amyloidosis–associated renal disease. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Academic medical center. Patients: 65 patients with AL amyloidosis and urinary protein excretion greater than 1 g/24 h who received dose-intensive intravenous melphalan and autologous blood stem-cell transplantation between 1 July 1994 and 30 June 1998. Measurements: 24-hour urinary protein excretion, serum cholesterol level, serum albumin level, creatinine clearance, urine and serum immunoelectrophoresis, and bone marrow biopsy. Renal response was defined as a greater than 50% reduction in urinary protein excretion in the absence of a 25% or greater reduction in creatinine clearance. Complete hematologic response was defined as absence of detectable monoclonal protein in serum and urine and a bone marrow specimen containing less than 5% plasma cells without clonal dominance of κ or λ isotype. Results: Among the 50 patients who survived for at least 12 months, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia improved during follow-up; 36% met criteria for a renal response. Median 24-hour urinary protein excretion decreased from a baseline value of 9.6 g/24 h to 1.6 g/24 h at 12 months among patients with complete hematologic response, and 71% met criteria for a renal response. Twenty-hour urinary protein excretion did not decrease during follow-up among patients with persistent plasma cell disease, and only 11% had a renal response at 12 months (P < 0.001 for hematologic responders vs. nonresponders). Conclusion: Dose-intensive intravenous melphalan with autologous blood stem-cell transplantation improves the nephrotic syndrome in patients with AL amyloidosis–associated renal disease. The benefit is largely limited to patients achieving eradication of the underlying plasma cell dyscrasia.
Medical Decision Making in Situations That Offer Multiple Alternatives
Authors: Donald A. Redelmeier, Eldar Shafir
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine whether situations involving multiple options can paradoxically influence people to choose an option that would have been declined if fewer options were available. <h3>Design.</h3> —Mailed survey containing medical scenarios formulated in one of two versions. <h3>Participants.</h3> —Two groups of physicians: members of the Ontario College of Family Physicians (response rate=77%; n=287) and neurologists and neurosurgeons affiliated with the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (response rate=84%; n=352). One group of legislators belonging to the Ontario Provincial Parliament (response rate=32%; n=41). <h3>Intervention.</h3> —The basic version of each scenario presented a choice between two options. The expanded version presented three options: the original two plus a third. The two versions otherwise contained identical information and were randomly assigned. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Participants' treatment recommendations. <h3>Results.</h3> —In one scenario involving a patient with osteoarthritis, family physicians were less likely to prescribe a medication when deciding between two medications than when deciding about only one medication (53% vs 72%;<i>P</i>&lt;.005). Apparently, the difficulty in deciding between the two medications led some physicians to recommend not starting either. Similar discrepancies were found in decisions made by neurologists and neurosurgeons concerning carotid artery surgery and by legislators concerning hospital closures. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The introduction of additional options can increase decision difficulty and, hence, the tendency to choose a distinctive option or maintain the status quo. Awareness of this cognitive bias may lead to improved decision making in complex medical situations. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;273:302-305)
Rectal potential difference and histology in Crohn's disease.
Authors: W S Ruddell, L M Blendis, D Lovell
Journal: Gut (1977)

The rectal potential difference (PD) was measured in 27 patients with Crohn9s disease, and in 16 subjects without gastrointestinal disease to establish a normal range. Sigmoidoscopic assessment and rectal biopsy were performed in all patients with Crohn9s disease, and the mean resting rectal PD was significantly reduced in patients with sigmoidoscopically active disease and in those with abnormalities of the superficial epithelium on rectal biopsy. Patients with diarrhoea had a significantly lower mean resting PD than those with normal bowel habit, suggesting that an abnormality of rectal sodium transport may be contributing to the diarrhoea in these patients. The response of rectal PD to mineralocorticoid stimulation with oral fludrocortisone was measured in 13 patients. The PD failed to rise only with patients with sigmoidoscopically active disease, and the test proved to be a less sensitive indication of minor mucosal abnormalities than sigmoidoscopy of biopsy.
Therapy for Systolic Hypertension
Authors: A. JARRELL RAPER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1978Therapy for Systolic HypertensionA. JARRELL RAPER, M.D., F.A.C.P.A. JARRELL RAPER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-425 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Rabkin, Mathewson, and Tate (1) emphasizes the predictive value of systolic hypertension for development of vascular disease. The authors close by asking that the effectiveness of treatment for this be carefully studied.The editorial note in the same issue (2) appears, however, to assume that "systolic hypertension," proven anew to be a risk factor for vascular complications, must therefore now be treated. This is a very important matter. Very large numbers of people are involved in potential benefits or risks; recommendations of this nature should be based on evidence showing that patients will in...References1. RABKINMATHEWSONTATE SFR: Predicting risk of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease from systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Ann Intern Med 88:342-345, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar2. TARAZI R: Clinical import of systolic hypertension (editorial). Ann Intern Med 88:426-427, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar3. : Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. JAMA 202:1028-1034, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. : Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. II. JAMA 213:1143-1152, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. PICKERING G: High Blood Pressure, 2nd ed. New York, Grune and Stratton, 1968, p. 257 Google Scholar1. SMITH W: Treatment of mild hypertension: results of a ten-year intervention trial. Circ Res 40 (suppl 1): 98-105, 1977 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Virginia Richmond, VA 23298 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1978Volume 89, Issue 3Page: 425-426KeywordsHypertensionMedical risk factorsVascular diseases Issue Published: 1 September 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Penicillin Treatment of Syphilis
Authors: John M. Douglas
Journal: JAMA (2009)

In the follow-up to a preliminary report on the use of penicillin for early syphilis, Mahoney and colleagues presented the promising posttreatment observations of the original patients studied for periods in excess of 300 days. They also reported information on the treatment of an additional 100 patients. The accompanying papers in the same issue of JAMA reported on the results obtained by the National Research Council's newly formed Penicillin Panel. Those preliminary results are presented for both early and late syphilis.See PDF for full text of the original JAMA articles.
CHRONIC LEAD POISONING FROM SNUFF
Authors: C. G. L. Wolf
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The connection between snuff and lead poisoning seems to have been known for some considerable time. In the article on gout written by Sir Clifford Allbutt, Sir Frederick Hopkins and myself in the Oxford Loose-Leaf System of Medicine, the late regius professor of physic relates the following two interesting cases: "With a middle-aged colleague, I saw in consultation a patient, aged only about 35, who was suffering severely and repeatedly from articular gout....Among other questions I had asked this man if he took snuff. On retirement for consultation my colleague asked me why I had asked that question. I answered, 'Because snuff is often infected by the lead paper in which it is wrapped up.' He mused upon this, and said, 'Then that is where I get my gout'; and so it was—the snuff proved to be thus contaminated with lead." These cases, which Sir Clifford Allbutt