tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real world experience with antiphospholipid antibody tests: how stable are results over time?
Authors: D Erkan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

To determine the stability and the degree of variation of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) results over time in a large cohort of well evaluated aPL positive patients; and to analyse factors contributing to aPL variation and the validity of aPL in a real world setting in which aPL tests are done in multiple laboratories.The clinical characteristics, drug treatment, and 1652 data points for lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), and anti-beta2 glycoprotein I antibodies (anti-beta2GPI) were examined in 204 aPL positive patients; 81 of these met the Sapporo criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and 123 were asymptomatic bearers of aPL.87% of initially positive LA results, 88% of initially negative to low positive aCL results, 75% of initially moderate to high positive aCL results, 96% of initially negative to low positive anti-beta2GPI results, and 76% of initially moderate to high positive anti-beta2GPI results subsequently remained in the same range regardless of the laboratory performing the test. Aspirin, warfarin, and hydroxychloroquine use did not differ among patients whose aCL titres significantly decreased or increased or remained stable. On same day specimens, the consistency of aCL results among suppliers ranged from 64% to 88% and the correlation ranged from 0.5 to 0.8. Agreement was moderate for aCL IgG and aCL IgM; however, for aCL IgA agreement was marginal.aPL results remained stable for at least three quarters of subsequent tests, regardless of the laboratory performing the test; the small amount of variation that occurred did not appear to be caused by aspirin, warfarin, or hydroxychloroquine use.
Abstract 98: A novel mouse model for intestinal serrated polyposis
Authors: Jennifer Cotton, He Huang, Mihir Rajurkar, Junhao Mao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Serrated polyps have recently been proposed to comprise at least 30% of the origins of human colorectal cancer (CRC). Unlike adenomatous polyps, which are initiated by APC/β-catenin mutations, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the serrated pathway that leads to serrated polyp initiation and progression remain poorly understood. Here we describe a novel genetically modified mouse model of serrated polyposis via conditional activation of SMAD7, an inhibitory SMAD protein, in the intestinal epithelia. We show that SMAD7 activation is sufficient to drive serrated polyp initiation and progression to aggressive adenocarcinoma in both mouse intestine and colon. Mechanistically, we find that SMAD7-induced foci formation in non-transformed intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and serrated polyposis in vivo are Wnt/β-catenin independent. Furthermore, we find that, in addition to its regulation of TGFβ/BMP pathway, SMAD7 interacts with BRAF/MAPK signaling to regulate serrated polyposis. Taken together, our studies implicate for the first time the involvement of SMAD7 in serrated polyposis and reveal a potential novel molecular mechanism underlying the serrated polyp pathway. Citation Format: Jennifer Cotton, He Huang, Mihir Rajurkar, Junhao Mao. A novel mouse model for intestinal serrated polyposis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 98. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-98
Proceedings: Lymphocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: M Popovic, J Munro, P Davies, P J Holt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

in Copenhagen (Suejaard, Staub Nielsen, Ryder, Kiss- meyer-Neilsen, Sandberg, Lindholm, and Thorsby, 1972) as may be associated with a new segregant series at the second locus closely associated with the second locus antigens, and this does raise the possibility that the HL-A picture may not be quite as straightforward as we thought.We have also looked at patients with Still's disease and we found that 24 % of these had W 27 and 6 out of the 7 patients involved were male.All these patients had sacroiliitis, so it does seem to suggest that HL-A 27 may be a marker of sacroiliitis rather than associated with any particular disease syndrome.DR. BREWERTON I agree that the serological findings are complex, and that it is not only a question of the presence of HL-A 27.It may be wrong to regard HL-A 27 as a marker of sacroiliitis.We have seen several adults with peripheral arthropathy alone, or acute anterior uveitis without evidence of any rheumatic disease.HL-A 27 may prove not to be relatively specific for the spine and sacroiliac joints.
Dissociation of glomerular hypertrophy, cell proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis in mouse strains heterozygous for a mutation (Os) which induces a 50% reduction in nephron number.
Authors: C He, C Esposito, C Phillips, R K Zalups, D A Henderson, G E Striker, L J Striker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We reported that the Os mutation in ROP mice induced a 50% reduction in nephron number, glomerular hypertrophy, and severe glomerulosclerosis. We examined two mouse strains with the Os mutation, ROP Os/+ and C57 Os/+ mice, to determine whether the genetic background influenced the development of glomerulosclerosis. Nephron number was decreased by 50% in both ROP Os/+ and C57 Os/+ mice, and a glomerular volume and labeling index were two- to threefold increased in both. Whereas glomerulosclerosis was severe in ROP Os/+ mice, it was absent or minimal in C57 Os/+ mice. ROP Os/+ glomeruli had two- to threefold more type IV collagen, laminin, and tenascin than C57 Os/+ by immunofluorescence microscopy. Glomerular alpha 1IV collagen and tenascin mRNA levels were increased (2.8- and 1.7-fold) in ROP Os/+ and in C57 Os/+ (1.7- and 1.4-fold) mice. Both ROP Os/+ and C57 Os/+ mice had a slight increase (1.5- and 1.7-fold) in 72-kD collagenase mRNA levels. Whereas laminin B1 mRNA levels were twofold higher in ROP +/+ than in C57 +/+ mice, there was no further change in the presence of the Os mutation. Thus, the response to the Os mutation depended on the mouse strain, since severe glomerulosclerosis occurred only in ROP Os/+ mice, even though cell proliferation and glomerular hypertrophy also were present in C57 Os/+ mice.
Samuel Higley, M.D.
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

SAMUEL Higley (1687–1737),1 an early Colonial physician, is well known to students of America's industrial history as one of the actors in the dramatic story of iron and steel2 3 4 and to the numismatic fraternity as the minier5 of the Higley Copper coin or token.Samuel Higley was born in Simsbury, Hartford County, Connecticut, of an old and prominent family even at this early date in America. His father was active in public affairs, serving as Captain of Militia, Justice of the Peace, Judge of the County Court and member of the General Assembly. Samuel showed the same energy and mental . . .
Comparison of gall bladder bile and endoscopically obtained duodenal bile.
Authors: P Janowitz, W Swobodnik, J G Wechsler, A Zoller, K Kuhn, H Ditschuneit
Journal: Gut (1990)

In 10 patients with gall stone disease (eight women, two men; mean (SD) age 47.4 (13) years), bile was obtained by endoscopic aspiration after stimulation of the gall bladder with ceruletid and also by fine needle puncture of the gall bladder under local anaesthetic. The total lipid concentration of the puncture bile samples was mean (SD) 11.9 (4.7) g/dl, significantly higher than the endoscopic bile samples (3.9 (3.3) g/dl, p less than 0.001). Total bile acids, phospholipids, and biliary cholesterol (expressed in mol%) and cholesterol saturation index showed no significant differences between the two types of samples. The glycocholic acid concentration in the endoscopically obtained bile (27.7 (6.6) mol% v 23.3 (5.4) mol%; p less than 0.01) was significantly higher than the puncture bile samples. Puncture bile exhibited a significantly shorter nucleation time (3.5 (3.3) days v 19.6 (11.9) days; p less than 0.001). For determination of the nucleation time, endoscopic bile aspiration after gall bladder stimulation with ceruletid led to adequately concentrated samples in 50% of the study subjects. Cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation in native bile was observed in six samples of puncture bile and in three samples of the endoscopically obtained bile. The presence of cholesterol crystals and the determination of nucleation time in the puncture bile were the best discriminants between cholesterol and pigment gall stones and correlated well with computed tomogram analysis.
Screening Extended Families for Genetic Hemoglobin Disorders in Pakistan
Authors: Suhaib Ahmed, Mohammed Saleem, Bernadette Modell, Mary Petrou
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

We have investigated a strategy for identifying and counseling carriers of recessively inherited disorders in developing countries where consanguineous marriage is common. In such communities, gene variants are trapped within extended families, so that an affected child is a marker of a group at high genetic risk.Fifteen large Pakistani families, 10 with a history of a hemoglobin disorder and 5 without any such history (controls), were screened for beta-thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobins. All carriers and married couples consisting of two carriers received counseling, and eight families have been followed for two years.In the control families, no carrier was found among 397 members tested. In the 10 families with an index case, 183 of 591 persons tested (31 percent) were carriers; carriers had a 25 percent risk of being in a marriage at risk for producing an affected child, and 17 of 214 married couples (8 percent) consisted of two carriers. No couple at risk was identified among 350 randomly selected pregnant women and their partners. All carriers reported that they have used the information provided in the testing and counseling process: carriers married to carriers with two or more healthy children have avoided further pregnancy, and most such couples with one or no healthy children have used prenatal diagnosis. Seven of eight new marriages and engagements are known not to be at risk.Testing of extended families is a feasible way of deploying DNA-based genetic screening in communities in which consanguineous marriage is common.
Interaction between CD8 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I mediated by multiple contact surfaces that include the alpha 2 and alpha 3 domains of MHC class I.
Authors: J Sun, D J Leahy, P B Kavathas
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

The cell surface glycoprotein CD8 functions as a coreceptor with the TCR on cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Mutational analysis of the binding site of CD8 for MHC class I predicted that distinct surfaces of CD8 would interact with both the alpha 2 and alpha 3 domains of class I. Using a cell-cell adhesion assay, we identified three residues Q115, D122, and E128 in the alpha 2 domain of class I critical for interaction with CD8. The side chains of these residues point towards a cavity formed by the alpha 1/alpha 2 platform, the alpha 3 domain and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) of class I. These residues were predicted to contact CD8 based on a bivalent model of interaction between one CD8 alpha/alpha homodimer and two MHC class I molecules. These results therefore provide support for the model.
Part-time Medical Officers, H.M. Prisons
Authors: J. H. Swan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BITISH(often in his prime) rather than take the risk of a breakdown in health in the sub- sequent five years.Compare the lot of the man who gets an award, say, at 50.Not only can he afford to ease off earlier, he can also spare the time to attend clinical meetings, administrative committees, and write papers, and in due course this bears the fruit of an even higher award.Although the system is supposedly
Identification of host genes involved in hepatitis C virus replication by small interfering RNA technology
Authors: Teresa I. Ng, Hongmei Mo, Tami Pilot-Matias, Yupeng He, Gennadiy Koev, Preethi Krishnan, Rubina Mondal, Ron Pithawalla, Wenping He, Tanya Dekhtyar, Jeremy Packer, Mark Schurdak, Akhteruzzaman Molla
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication is highly dependent on host cell factors. Identification of these host factors not only facilitates understanding of the biology of HCV infection but also enables the discovery of novel targets for anti-HCV therapy. To identify host genes important for HCV RNA replication, we screened a library of small interfering RNA (siRNA) that targets approximately 4,000 human genes in Huh7-derived EN5-3 cells harboring an HCV subgenomic replicon with the nonstructural region NS3-NS5B from the 1b-N strain. Nine cellular genes that potentially regulate HCV replication were identified in this screen. Silencing of these genes resulted in inhibition of HCV replication by more than 60% and exhibited minimal toxicity. Knockdown of host gene expression by these siRNAs was confirmed at the RNA level and, in some instances, at the protein level. The level of siRNA silencing of these host genes correlated well with inhibition of HCV. These genes included those that encoded a G-protein coupled receptor (TBXA2R), a membrane protein (LTβ), an adapter protein (TRAF2), 2 transcription factors (RelA and NFκB2), 2 protein kinases (MKK7 and SNARK), and 2 closely related transporter proteins (SLC12A4 and SLC12A5). Of interest, some of these genes are members of the tumor necrosis factor/lymphotoxin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Findings of this study may provide important information for understanding HCV replication. In addition, these cellular genes may constitute a novel set of targets for HCV antiviral therapy. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Immunomodulatory Antibody Therapy of Cancer: The Closer, the Better
Authors: Roxana S. Dronca, Haidong Dong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Immune checkpoint blockade therapies have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects; however, clinical outcomes are variable, with only a subgroup of cancer patients achieving durable complete responses. New therapeutic strategies, including local administration of immunomodulatory antibodies, have been considered as better routes for improving the overall efficacy of antibody-based therapy.
1044-52 Is there a relationship between stent/lesion length ratio and edge effect in the drug-eluting stent era? An intravascular ultrasound analysis
Authors: Juan S Muñoz, Alexandre Abizaid, Mariano Albertal, Fausto Feres, Roselei Graebin, Andrea S Abizaid, Luiz A Mattos, Rodolfo Staico, Galo Maldonado, Amanda Sousa, Gary Mintz, J.Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Stenosis of a Branch of the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: FREDERIC ELDRIDGE, ARTHUR SELZER, HERBERT HULTGREN
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Three patients have been demonstrated by cardiac catheterization to have stenosis of a main branch of the pulmonary artery. Two exhibited continuous ductus-like murmurs at the chest wall over the site of stenosis. Demonstration of a pressure gradient throughout the cardiac cycle at the site of stenosis in these 2 patients and the experimental production in the dog of a continuous murmur at the site of partial constriction of a pulmonary artery prove that the murmur is due to the stenosis. This anomaly should be added to the differential diagnosis of continuous murmurs over the chest.
Sunday at the Nursing Home
Authors: Bonnie Salomon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Ad Libitum21 January 2003Sunday at the Nursing HomeBonnie Salomon, MDBonnie Salomon, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-2-200301210-00008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My mother is shrinking.When I was little she was huge,a mountain of a woman,her peak covered by clouds of curls.I craned my neck to the skiesjust to see her smile.Getting dressed, naked,putting on her bra, she loomed:Enormous. Majestic.Now she is mostly flat, lyingon strange sheets:More a prairie with dried grassI flex my neck down to view.My little boy watches me, too.It's impossible not to noticeeverydayI getsmaller. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Current Author Address: Bonnie Salomon, MD, Emergency Department, Lake Forest Hospital, 660 North Westmoreland, Lake Forest, IL 60045. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 January 2003Volume 138, Issue 2Page: 89KeywordsDeceptionEmergency departmentInterleukinsNursing homes ePublished: 21 January 2003 Issue Published: 21 January 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
False Appearance of Urinary Stasis on Tc-99m MAG3 Renal Scan Secondary to Vicarious Tracer Concentration in the Gallbladder
Authors: MARK TULCHINSKY, DOUGLAS F. EGGLI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Tc-99m MAG3 is a tubular agent that is widely used for assessment of postrenal obstruction. However, this tracer has a variable amount of hepatobillary excretion. This can render different patterns of gastrointestinal tracer distribution that can sometimes simulate renal or urinary tract pathology. This report presents a case where tracer accumulation in the gallbladder simulated urinary stasis in the upper pole calyces of the right kidney. Erroneous diagnoses can be avoided by obtaining additional images in anterior and right lateral projections.
Combined Exposure to Anti-Androgens Exacerbates Disruption of Sexual Differentiation in the Rat
Authors: Ulla Hass, Martin Scholze, Sofie Christiansen, Majken Dalgaard, Anne Marie Vinggaard, Marta Axelstad, Stine Broeng Metzdorff, Andreas Kortenkamp
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess whether the joint effects of three androgen receptor antagonists (vinclozolin, flutamide, procymidone) on male sexual differentiation after in utero and postnatal exposures can be predicted based on dose–response data of the individual chemicals.MethodsTest chemicals and mixtures were administered by gavage to time-mated nulliparous, young adult Wistar rats from gestational day 7 to the day before expected birth, and from postnatal days 1–16. Changes in anogenital distance (AGD) and nipple retention (NR) in male offspring rats were chosen as end points for extensive dose–response studies. Vinclozolin, flutamide, and procymidone were combined at a mixture ratio proportional to their individual potencies for causing retention of six nipples in male offspring.ResultsWith AGD as the end point, the joint effects of the three anti-androgens were essentially dose additive. The observed responses for NR were slightly higher than those expected on the basis of dose addition. A combination of doses of each chemical, which on its own did not produce statistically significant AGD alterations, induced half-maximal mixture effects. At individual doses associated with only modest effects on NR, the mixture induced NR approaching female values in the males.ConclusionsEffects of a mixture of similarly acting anti-androgens can be predicted fairly accurately on the basis of the potency of the individual mixture components by using the dose addition concept. Exposure to anti-androgens, which individually appears to exert only small effects, may induce marked responses in concert with, possibly unrecognized, similarly acting chemicals.
Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: MENARD M. GERTLER, HILLAR E. LEETMA, ERICH SALUSTE, JAMES L. ROSENBERGER, ROBERT G. GUTHRIE
Journal: Circulation (1972)

This study evaluates interrelationships between carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during oral glucose tolerance tests (GTT) in 65 ischemic heart disease (IHD) males and 69 age-matched healthy controls (age range 45 to 69 years). The frequency of abnormal GTT, usually accompanied by type IV hyperlipoproteinemia, was significantly higher in IHD (37%) than in controls (19%). The mean immunoreactive insulin (IRI) response curve of IHD patients with abnormal GTT showed an elevated and delayed peak at 2 hours. The mean free fatty acid response curve of IHD patients had a significantly lower rebound at 3 hours. IHD patients and controls with abnormal GTT showed significantly higher and lagging lactate levels at 2 and 3 hours. Incidence of abnormal GTT was neither related to relative weight nor to elapsed time from onset of IHD to time of examination. Canonical correlations revealed that IRI is the common denominator in both carbohydrate and lipid abnormalities in IHD.
Managed Care Ethics
Authors: Andrew L. Kosseff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 October 1998Managed Care EthicsAndrew L. Kosseff, MDAndrew L. Kosseff, MDDean Health Systems; Madison, WI 53705Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their article “Ethical Practice in Managed Care,” Hall and Berenson [1] suggest that bedside rationing of care is the logical response to cost constraints imposed by managed care. Physicians have always had an ethical responsibility to provide the highest quality of medical care to their patients, and this mandate should continue no matter what type of care environment exists. Managed care and its related payment methods do not fundamentally alter physicians' responsibility to their patients but add the imperative of finding ways to improve the value of care (the best quality for the most appropriate cost).... References1. Hall MA, Berenson RA. Ethical practice in managed care: a dose of realism. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:395-402. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dean Health Systems; Madison, WI 53705 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8Page: 672KeywordsHealth careHealth care qualityPatients Issue Published: 15 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
UK agency unveils plans to cut infusion device errors
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The body charged with improving patient safety in the NHS, the National Patient Safety Agency, has unveiled plans to cut the number of mistakes associated with the use of infusion devices.

Last year 161 such incidents were reported to the agency from 18 trusts during a nine month trial audit of errors and near misses in the NHS. Data from the former Medical Devices Agency show that over half the 700 infusion incidents …