tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
POINTS FROM LETTERS: Staircases and Ceilings
Authors: R. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1948)

Atypical TCRδ found in sharks, amphibians, birds, and monotremes and TCRμ found in monotremes and marsupials are TCR chains that use Ig or BCR-like variable domains (VHδ/Vμ) rather than conventional TCR V domains. These unconventional TCR are consistent with a scenario in which TCR and BCR, although having diverged from each other more than 400 million years ago, continue to exchange variable gene segments in generating diversity for Ag recognition. However, the process underlying this exchange and leading to the evolution of these atypical TCR receptor genes remains elusive. In this study, we identified two TCRα/δ gene loci in the Chinese alligator (<i>Alligator sinensis</i>). In total, there were 144 V, 154 Jα, nine Jδ, eight Dδ, two Cα, and five Cδ gene segments in the TCRα/δ loci of the Chinese alligator, representing the most complicated TCRα/δ gene system in both genomic structure and gene content in any tetrapod examined so far. A pool of 32 VHδ genes divided into 18 subfamilies was found to be scattered over the two loci. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these VHδ genes could be related to bird VHδ genes, VHδ/Vμ genes in platypus or opossum, or alligator VH genes. Based on these findings, a model explaining the evolutionary pattern of atypical TCRδ/TCRμ genes in tetrapods is proposed. This study sheds new light on the evolution of TCR and BCR genes, two of the most essential components of adaptive immunity.
Early Diagnosis and Malignant Disease of the Hip
Authors: Norman Simon
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Malignant Disease Mimicking Arthritis of the Hip" by Meals et al (239:1070, 1978) ends with a sentence of usually acceptable medical jargon: "Early diagnosis is paramount for effective treatment." However, the seven patients whose cases were summarized did not necessarily receive less effective treatment because of delay in diagnosis. As examples, two of the patients had an "outcome" with "control" of their disease (chronic myelogenous leukemia and Hodgkin's disease) despite the delay in diagnosis. Of the others who had metastatic cancer to the hip, the one whose symptoms were of shortest duration (one-half month) had a poorer outcome than those whose diagnoses were missed for longer periods (up to 16 months). Other examples, from their case summaries, of patients whose treatment would not necessarily be more effective if the "malignant disease" of the hip were diagnosed early included the patients with metastatic cancer from
FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE. A New Steroid Preparation for Topical Use.
Authors: P. D. SAMMAN, W. E. BEER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

Journal Article FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE. A New Steroid Preparation for Topical Use. Get access P. D. SAMMAN, M.D., M.R.C.P., P. D. SAMMAN, M.D., M.R.C.P. Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, London, S.W.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. E. BEER, M.B., B.S. W. E. BEER, M.B., B.S. Department of Dermatology, Westminster Hospital, London, S.W.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 74, Issue 3, 1 March 1962, Pages 96–97, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13464.x Published: 01 March 1962
The Planning of Science
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

IT is generally accepted that the biologic sciences are absolutely splendid. In just the past decade, they have uncovered a huge mass of brand-new information, and there is plenty more ahead; the biologic revolution is evidently still in its early stages. Everyone approves. By contrast, the public view of the progress of medicine during the same period is restrained, qualified, a mixture of hope and worry. For all the new knowledge, we still have formidable diseases, still unsolved, lacking satisfactory explanation, lacking satisfactory treatment. Why, it is asked, does the supply of new miracle drugs lag so far behind, while . . .
Teaching Psychiatric Interviewing Techniques to Medical Students
Authors: Leonard Gold
Journal: JAMA (1965)

RAPPORT between a physician and a patient depends upon the use of appropriate interviewing techniques. A physician does not become proficient in the use of these techniques solely through experience or by being endowed naturally with a sympathetic personality. These techniques must be taught. It is only recently, however, that methods of teaching these techniques have begun to evolve,<sup>1</sup>although others have previously stressed the importance of the doctor-patient relationship.<sup>2-4</sup>At the New York Medical College in 1962, a course was initiated for the purpose of teaching to all medical students interviewing techniques which they could use to obtain information about the mental and emotional status of all patients. While this was done under the aegis of the Department of Psychiatry, these techniques, once learned, could be incorporated in the examination of all patients, not only those with primary psychiatric difficulties but also those with primary somatic illness.
Organellar proteomics reveals hundreds of novel nuclear proteins in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Sophie C Oehring, Ben J Woodcroft, Suzette Moes, Johanna Wetzel, Olivier Dietz, Andreas Pulfer, Chaitali Dekiwadia, Pascal Maeser, Christian Flueck, Kathrin Witmer, Nicolas MB Brancucci, Igor Niederwieser, Paul Jenoe, Stuart A Ralph, Till S Voss
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

The post-genomic era of malaria research provided unprecedented insights into the biology of Plasmodium parasites. Due to the large evolutionary distance to model eukaryotes, however, we lack a profound understanding of many processes in Plasmodium biology. One example is the cell nucleus, which controls the parasite genome in a development- and cell cycle-specific manner through mostly unknown mechanisms. To study this important organelle in detail, we conducted an integrative analysis of the P. falciparum nuclear proteome.We combined high accuracy mass spectrometry and bioinformatic approaches to present for the first time an experimentally determined core nuclear proteome for P. falciparum. Besides a large number of factors implicated in known nuclear processes, one-third of all detected proteins carry no functional annotation, including many phylum- or genus-specific factors. Importantly, extensive experimental validation using 30 transgenic cell lines confirmed the high specificity of this inventory, and revealed distinct nuclear localization patterns of hitherto uncharacterized proteins. Further, our detailed analysis identified novel protein domains potentially implicated in gene transcription pathways, and sheds important new light on nuclear compartments and processes including regulatory complexes, the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and nuclear import pathways.Our study provides comprehensive new insight into the biology of the Plasmodium nucleus and will serve as an important platform for dissecting general and parasite-specific nuclear processes in malaria parasites. Moreover, as the first nuclear proteome characterized in any protist organism, it will provide an important resource for studying evolutionary aspects of nuclear biology.
Researcher received undisclosed payments of $300 000 from Pfizer
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Objective</h3> To identify evidence on the reporting quality of consensus methodology and to select potential checklist items for the ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document (ACCORD) project to develop a consensus reporting guideline. <h3>Design</h3> Systematic review. <h3>Data sources</h3> Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Emcare, Academic Search Premier and PsycINFO from inception until 7 January 2022. <h3>Eligibility criteria</h3> Studies, reviews and published guidance addressing the reporting quality of consensus methodology for improvement of health outcomes in biomedicine or clinical practice. Reports of studies using or describing consensus methods but not commenting on their reporting quality were excluded. No language restrictions were applied. <h3>Data extraction and synthesis</h3> Screening and data extraction of eligible studies were carried out independently by two authors. Reporting quality items addressed by the studies were synthesised narratively. <h3>Results</h3> Eighteen studies were included: five systematic reviews, four narrative reviews, three research papers, three conference abstracts, two research guidance papers and one protocol. The majority of studies indicated that the quality of reporting of consensus methodology could be improved. Commonly addressed items were: consensus panel composition; definition of consensus and the threshold for achieving consensus. Items least addressed were: public patient involvement (PPI); the role of the steering committee, chair, cochair; conflict of interest of panellists and funding. Data extracted from included studies revealed additional items that were not captured in the data extraction form such as justification of deviation from the protocol or incentives to encourage panellist response. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The results of this systematic review confirmed the need for a reporting checklist for consensus methodology and provided a range of potential checklist items to report. The next step in the ACCORD project builds on this systematic review and focuses on reaching consensus on these items to develop the reporting guideline. <h3>Protocol registration</h3> https://osf.io/2rzm9.
F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Mediastinum Mimicking Malignancy
Authors: Muzammil Z. Hanif, Munir Ghesani, Arshad A. Shah, Tokuo Kasai
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory process accumulating numerous inflammatory cells such as macrophages and lymphocytes. This cellular infiltrate has a high metabolic demand, which can be reflected on F-18 FDG positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging. The FDG uptake in atherosclerotic vessels is usually distinguishable as a result of its linear and continuous appearance and mild level of activity. However, occasionally, atherosclerotic plaques present themselves as focal "hot spots," which can be easily misinterpreted as malignancy. This report emphasizes atherosclerotic plaques as a potential pitfall while interpreting FDG scans. It also highlights the importance of radiographic correlation to avoid such an error.
Selective FLT3 inhibitor FI-700 neutralizes Mcl-1 and enhances p53-mediated apoptosis in AML cells with activating mutations of FLT3 through Mcl-1/Noxa axis
Authors: K Kojima, M Konopleva, T Tsao, M Andreeff, H Ishida, Y Shiotsu, L Jin, Y Tabe, H Nakakuma
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Prognosis in Small Adenocarcinomas of the Lung: The Association Between Histologic Subtype and Smoking Status
Authors: Yukinori Sakao, Hideaki Miyamoto, Shiaki Oh, Nobumasa Takahashi, Tomoya Inagaki, Yoshikazu Miyasaka, Taku Akaboshi, Motoki Sakuraba
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
The “Value Added” of Not-for-Profit Health Plans
Authors: P M Nudelman, L M Andrews
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

In any business, money coming in must equal or exceed money going out. This most basic of all fiscal laws means that no business venture can survive for long if it continually spends more than it makes. That is as true for not-for-profit organizations as it is for the for-profit sector. In health care, both approaches are capable of producing excellent outcomes. And because no business is exempt from economic reality, both must strive for efficiency and provide value to their customers. The major differences between for-profit and not-for-profit health care plans lie in purpose, values, attitude, and behavior: a . . .
Amiodarone and Thyroid Function
Authors: M. Luisa Isidro
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 October 1997Amiodarone and Thyroid FunctionM. Luisa Isidro, Rosa Argueso, and Fernando CordidoM. Luisa IsidroHospital Juan Canalejo; 15006 La Coruna, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, Rosa ArguesoHospital Juan Canalejo; 15006 La Coruna, SpainSearch for more papers by this author, and Fernando CordidoHospital Juan Canalejo; 15006 La Coruna, SpainSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Treatment of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis has been recognized as a disturbing medical problem because the response to conventional medical therapy is frequently disappointing [1]. Nevertheless, it seems that incomplete knowledge of the pathogenesis of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis may have contributed to inadequate treatment schedules and the varied responses reported. Two mechanisms are actually accepted [2, 3].In type I, exposure of a latent autonomously functioning thyroid to iodide (nodular goiter, Graves disease) results in increased hormone synthesis. Patients present with underlying thyroid abnormalities on physical and echographic examination; diminished, normal, or increased radioactive iodine uptake; and slightly elevated serum ...References1. Harjai KJ, Licata AA. Effects of amiodarone on thyroid function. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:63-73. Google Scholar2. Roti E, Vagenakis AG. The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text. 7th ed. New York: Lippincott-Raven; 1996. Google Scholar3. Bartalena L, Brogioni S, Grasso L, Bogazzi F, Burelli A, Martino E. Treatment of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis, a difficult challenge: results of a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996; 81:2930-3. Google Scholar4. Smyrk TC, Goellner JR, Brennan MD, Carney JA. A pathology of the thyroid in amiodarone-associated thyrotoxicosis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1987; 311:197-204. Google Scholar5. Roti E, Minelli R, Gardini E, Bianconi L, Braverman LE. Thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidism in patients treated with amiodarone. A possible consequence of a destructive process in the thyroid. Arch Intern Med. 1993; 153:886-92. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. Luisa Isidro; Rosa Argueso; Fernando CordidoAffiliations: Hospital Juan Canalejo; 15006 La Coruna, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTirotoxicosis por amiodarona. ¿Está todo dicho? 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_1 Page: 653 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Differences in the abundance of variably spliced transcripts for the second asialoglycoprotein receptor polypeptide, H2, in normal and transformed human liver
Authors: Elisabeth Paietta, Richard J. Stockert, Janis Racevskis
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor comprises two homologous polypeptides designated H1 and H2. Two distinct complementary DNA clones encoding these receptor subunits have been previously isolated from the human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2. We discovered that multiple variants of H2 transcripts exist both in HepG2 cells and in the normal human liver that, at least in part, appear to be the result of alternative splicing events. We have found that (a) the complementary DNA clone for H2 previously isolated from HepG2 cells, characterized by a 57-nucleotide insertion within the 5′ end of the complementary DNA that is absent from H1, represented only one third of H2-related sequences in an unamplified normal human liver complementary DNA library and less than 10% of H2 clones in HepG2 cells; (b) the predominant message for H2 expressed in the liver and HepG2 cells, designated L-H2, appeared to represent the fully processed product of the gene encoding both L-H2 and H2; and (c) a variant H2 transcript existed in HepG2 cells, designated H2′, that contained a novel, 5′ 88-bp nucleotide insertion. Poly(A + ) RNA analysis of the normal liver and HepG2 cells by complementary RNA hybridization and ribonuclease protection corroborated the observations made during the screening of complementary DNA libraries regarding the abundance of the various messages. A striking incongruity was found between the levels of messenger RNA containing the H2-specific 57-nucleotide sequence and the levels of polypeptide expressed in the liver and HepG2 cells as recognized by antiserum specifically raised against this sequence. (Hepatology 1992;15:395-402).
Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation After Conventional and Beating Heart Coronary Surgery
Authors: David H. Spodick
Journal: Circulation (2001)

To the Editor:Ascione and colleagues 1 contribute a valuable prospective, randomized study of perioperative predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery surgery and conclude that cardiopulmonary bypass, including cardioplegic arrest, is the main independent predictor of fibrillation.It is odd, however, that the 16 wellmatched baseline characteristics for those on-pump and offpump did not include the presence of interatrial block on the routine 12-lead ECG.This is a well-known predictor of atrial fibrillation and flutter. 2-4Indeed, in this general hospital, my colleagues and I demonstrated this association in 41% of consecutive patients in sinus rhythm (in press).The mean age of Ascione et al's patients in both groups was 63 years, and this easily recognized electrocardiographic finding is especially prevalent in older patients.Perhaps the authors could look at their groups again and inform Circulation's readers whether the groups were balanced for interatrial block.
All public services must learn lessons from Mid Staffs on handling complaints, MPs say
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Lessons from the “shaming” case of Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, where failure to listen to patients and staff caused “unspeakable disaster,” need to be learnt across the NHS and the whole of public services, says a parliamentary committee.1

Good public services risk being “poisoned” by poor handling of complaints, says the House of Commons Public Administration Committee, which has launched its inquiry in the wake of Robert Francis QC’s report on Mid Staffordshire.

“The shocking collapse of care at [Stafford] Hospital, and the exposure of the failure of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust and NHS …
The Sheffield Grinders
Authors: J. C. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1857)

It remains to consider, lastly, in this, my fifth communication, the post mortemn appearances presented by the lungs of those who have died from the Sheffield grinders' disease: I purpose making, also, a few observations on its treatment.(b) The post mortem appearances found in the luntgs of those who have died from the Sheffield grinders' disease.CASE ix.George Capper, aged 45, a razor grinder, was admitted at the Sheffield Public Dispensary, October 19th, 1855.He complained of difficulty of breathing, tightness over his chest, and some pain on the left side.He said he had worked at his trade since he was twelve years old.His father, a tableblade striker, died at the advanced age of 82; his mother died at 62.He was one of a family of twelve."He could not
Medical Professionalism in Society
Authors: M K Wynia, S R Latham, A C Kao, J W Berg, L L Emanuel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Today, at the dawn of a new century, genuine medical professionalism is in peril. Increasing-ly, physicians encounter perverse financial incentives, fierce market competition, and the erosion of patients' trust,17 yet most physicians are ill equipped to deal with these threats.8,9 The role of professionalism has been so little discussed that it has virtually disappeared in the battle between those who favor market competition in a trillion-dollar industry and those who seek greater government regulation.8 Physicians, feeling trapped between these camps, are turning to unionization and other tactics.10 In the first half of this century, medical professionalism was generally . . .
The black box of lung redox
Authors: J. Hunt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

The redox systems in the lung are complex, highly intercommunicative, and affect diverse aspects of lung physiology, immunology and cellular biology, and for all intents and purposes, they are essentially unmeasurable invivo . Measurement of one component species of the redox systems in isolation, for example nitric oxide (NO), leaves one with little insight into the remainder of the biochemical processes. This unfortunately leaves researchers confident, but unable to fully prove, the extent to which redox disturbances are inherent to human lung diseases.

Inchinose et al. 1 in this issue of European Respiratory Journal , have in part overcome this hurdle. They measure only three components of the lung redox system (xanthine oxidase (XO), NO, and nitrotyrosine), by necessity leaving the remainder unassessed. However, they leverage a simple, although not randomised or placebo controlled, therapeutic intervention (treatment of humans with the XO inhibitor allopurinol) to show that in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the concentrations of these three redox components not only depend on each other, but can also be manipulated. Although not unexpected, it is gratifying that the theoretical underpinnings of many cell biology and biochemical experiments at the bench are shown to be relevant by such a clinical trial.

Measurement of fractional excretion of nitric oxide (FENO) has become an accepted method of monitoring inflammation in the lung. But what is really being assessed when FENO is measured? Working on the assumption that NO is provided to the exhaled air from the airway wall, it is clear that there are physiological factors which affect FENO, including expired flow (the lower the flow, the higher the FENO) 2, airway closure (more closure leads to more of the expired flow coming through fewer NO‐producing …
Endocrine Exophthalmos during Lithium Therapy of Manic-Depressive Disease
Authors: Robert Lloyd Segal, Seymour Rosenblatt, Ira Eliasoph
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

WE have observed the development of measurable exophthalmos, either bilateral or unilateral, in some psychiatric patients on maintenance lithium therapy. This exophthalmos was clinically indistinguishable from endocrine exophthalmos. Our original aim was to identify, by serial evaluation of thyroid function, susceptible persons in whom hypothyroidism or a goiter (or both) might develop during the course of lithium therapy, as has been reported by other groups.1 2 3 Material and Methods Patients with manic-depressive illness were referred to a psychiatric group for the institution of prophylactic lithium carbonate therapy. Pre-lithium thyroid evaluation consisted of a history, physical examination and determination of protein-bound iodine . . .
Prosthetic-Valve Endocarditis Caused by Penicillin-Resistant<i>Streptococcus mitis</i>
Authors: Robert E. Levitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Penicillin resistance has been an increasing problem in the treatment of infections due to gram-positive cocci over the past 15 years.1 Much of the concern has related to the rising minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antibiotics required to suppress Streptococcus pneumoniae, but sharp declines in penicillin sensitivity have also been observed in streptococci of the viridans group and S. mitis in particular.2–4 I report a case of prosthetic-valve endocarditis resulting from infection with an S. mitis organism that was fully resistant to penicillin. The patient, a 48-year-old man with a long history of intravenous drug abuse . . .