tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Matrix-Array 3-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of Volumes, Mass, and Ejection Fraction in Young Pediatric Patients With a Functional Single Ventricle
Authors: Brian D. Soriano, Martin Hoch, Alejandro Ithuralde, Tal Geva, Andrew J. Powell, Barry D. Kussman, Dionne A. Graham, Wayne Tworetzky, Gerald R. Marx
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Quantitative assessment of ventricular volumes and mass in pediatric patients with single-ventricle physiology would aid clinical management, but it is difficult to obtain with 2-dimensional echocardiography. The purpose of the present study was to compare matrix-array 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) measurements of single-ventricle volumes, mass, and ejection fraction with those measured by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in young patients.Twenty-nine patients (median age, 7 months) with a functional single ventricle undergoing CMR under general anesthesia were prospectively enrolled. The 3DE images were acquired at the conclusion of the CMR. Twenty-seven of 29 3DE data sets (93%) were optimal for 3DE assessment. Two blinded and independent observers performed 3DE measurements of volume, mass, and ejection fraction. The 3DE end-diastolic volume correlated well (r=0.96) but was smaller than CMR by 9% (P<0.01), and 3DE ejection fraction was smaller than CMR by 11% (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in measurements of end-systolic volume and mass. The 3DE interobserver differences for mass and volumes were not significant except for ejection fraction (8% difference; P<0.05). Intraobserver differences were not significant.In young pediatric patients with a functional single ventricle, matrix-array 3DE measurements of mass and volumes compare well with those obtained by CMR. 3DE will provide an important modality for the serial analysis of ventricular size and performance in young patients with functional single ventricles.
Patent for Vaccination.
Authors: Eugene F. Cordell
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Baltimore, Md., July 30, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Probably the only patent ever granted for vaccination in this country is one 1 recently found in the archives of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of the State of Maryland, which is rich in medical documents of great historical interest to the state. The patent is dated July 10, 1822, and is granted to Dr. James Smith, of Baltimore, for a new and useful improvement in the art of vaccination. It was good for 14 years and cost the patentee $30. It was signed by James Monroe, president; John Quincy Adams, secretary of the state, and Wm. Wirt, attorney-general, and contains the seal of the United States. It is upon a large sheet of parchment. The following is an abstract of this unique document: "The Variola Vaccina or kine pock and the Variolæ Pestilentia or smallpox are both perfect plants that may
Lack of activity of betulin-based Oleogel-S10 in the treatment of actinic keratoses: a randomized, multicentre, placebo-controlled double-blind phase II trial
Authors: A. Pflugfelder, E. Andonov, B. Weide, T. Dirschka, C. Schempp, E. Stockfleth, A. Stratigos, S. Krüger-Krasagakis, J. Bauer, C. Garbe, T.K. Eigentler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Lack of activity of betulin‐based Oleogel‐S10 in the treatment of actinic keratoses: a randomized, multicentre, placebo‐controlled double‐blind phase II trial Get access A. Pflugfelder, A. Pflugfelder Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Correspondence Annette Pflugfelder. E‐mail: annette.pflugfelder@med.uni-tuebingen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Andonov, E. Andonov Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Weide, B. Weide Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Dirschka, T. Dirschka Dermatological Practice Centre Wuppertal Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Schempp, C. Schempp Department of Dermatology University Medical Centre Freiburg Freiburg Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Stockfleth, E. Stockfleth Skin Cancer Centre Charité Department of Dermatology Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Stratigos, A. Stratigos Department of Dermatology University of Athens Andreas Sygros Hospital Athens Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Krüger‐Krasagakis, S. Krüger‐Krasagakis Department of Dermatology University of Crete Crete Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Bauer, J. Bauer Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Garbe, C. Garbe Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more T.K. Eigentler T.K. Eigentler Center for Dermatooncology Department of Dermatology University Hospital Tübingen Tübingen Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 4, 1 April 2015, Pages 926–932, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13342 Published: 01 April 2015
Duodenal stump fistula following Roux-en-Y gastrectomy, treated with single-balloon enteroscopy using the tulip bundle technique and fibrin glue injection
Authors: G. Curcio, R. Badas, R. Miraglia, L. Barresi, I. Tarantino, M. Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

In January 2012, a 68-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy at our institute, with Roux-en-Y reconstruction for an ulcerated gastrointestinal stromal tumor. The postoperative course was complicated by development of a duodenal stump fistula and subhepatic collection ([Fig. 1]). Percutaneous drainage of the collection, as well as percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD), did not reduce the high output leakage. Because of worsening of the patient's clinical condition, and to avoid reintervention, we decided to carry out single-balloon enteroscopy to access the afferent loop and reach the duodenal stump. Informed consent was obtained from the patient.
Cost-effectiveness of Antihyperlipemic Therapy in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Gerry Oster
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Using cholestyramine as a model, we considered the cost-effectiveness of antihyperlipemic therapy in the primary prevention of coronary heart disease among men between 35 and 74 years of age with elevated levels of total plasma cholesterol. Our findings indicate that the cost-effectiveness of treatment varies substantially, ranging from about $36,000 to over $1 million per year of life saved. Cost-effectiveness was highest for younger patients, for those with additional coronary risk factors (eg, smoking or hypertension), and for those whose course of therapy is of less-than-lifelong duration. Conversely, it is lowest for older patients, for those with no additional coronary risk factors, and for those who are treated for a lifetime. Our results suggest that pharmacologic therapy may not be cost-effective for all patients with elevated cholesterol levels, especially those over 65 years of age. For many younger patients, however--those with additional coronary risk factors and more severe elevations in cholesterol levels--the cost-effectiveness of therapy may be comparable with other accepted medical practices.
Appearance of Descended Superior Parathyroid Adenoma on SPECT Parathyroid Imaging
Authors: Suk Chul Kim, Susanne Kim, William B. Inabnet, Borys R. Krynyckyi, Josef Machac, Chun K. Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

An ectopic superior parathyroid adenoma (SPA) descends inferoposteriorly and can migrate to the posterior mediastinum. It often appears on sestamibi planar parathyroid imaging as an inferior lesion, which can be misleading to inexperienced surgeons. Its correct identification before surgery will be of great help for correct surgical planning. We assessed the appearance of descended SPA on SPECT imaging.Sestamibi SPECT imaging studies performed on 103 patients who had parathyroid adenomas with their origin and locations confirmed by surgery and histology were retrospectively reviewed. Abnormal foci seen on the SPECT images were grouped as to location relative to the thyroid gland as superior (S), middle (M), and inferior (I). The proximity between the focus and the thyroid on the sagittal SPECT images was graded from 0 to 2 with 2 being widely separated.Of the 103 SPECT studies, 89 were positive. Eleven of the 89 visualized foci were at the S level: all were SPA. Ten foci were at the M level, including 6 SPA and 4 inferior parathyroid adenomas (IPA). There were 68 foci at the I level; none (0%) of 56 in the I0 location, 2 (25%) of 8 foci in the I1 location, and all (100%) of 4 abnormal foci in the I2 location were descended SPAs.The more posteriorly located the abnormal focus, the higher the probability of descended SPA. Recognition of the characteristic appearance of descended SPA on SPECT imaging can have a significant impact on the surgical approach and prevent failed neck exploration.
513. Novel Characteristics of Heparin Binding by Adeno-Associated Virus Serotype 6
Authors: James M. Allen, Eric E. Finn, Jeffrey S. Chamberlain
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Many different adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes are currently being investigated as potential vectors for gene therapy applications, with AAV2 being the best characterized. One aspect of AAV2 biology of particular interest is its ability to bind heparin sulfate proteoglycans, which enables efficient purification via affinity chromatography. The amino acids responsible for heparin binding have been identified (R585, R588 and A590) and used to confer heparin binding to AAV serotypes 1, 4 and 5 (Kern et al 2003, J Virol 77:11072-81 and ASGT abstract 91, 2004). In addition, chimeric AAV1/AAV2 encapsidated vectors generated in co-transfection experiments also bound heparin (Hauck et al 2003, Mol Ther 7:419-425).
Philadelphia-chromosome-positive childhood chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Authors: R Saffhill, T M Dexter, N Testa, P H Morris-Jones, I M Hann
Journal: BMJ (1978)

49including at least three sets of identical twins.3The pattern of aggregation in these families has suggested an inherited basis for a pro- portion of patients with vesicoureteric reflux, but no uniform pattern of inheritance has been apparent.In Christchurch we have investigated the immediate family of 42 patients with reflux nephropathy and in 12 of these families there were one or more affected members.4To assess whether there may be an easily delineated genetic marker for reflux nephropathy we have looked at the tissue typing of all patients presenting recently to our departments with chronic renal failure due to reflux nephropathy and compared this with the tissue types of patients with renal failure due to other causes.The results are showni in the accompanying table and indicate that HLA- B12 is occurring with significantly greater frequency in patients with reflux nephropathy.Presence of HLA-B12 in patients according to aetiology of renal failure Cause of renal No of No with failure patients HLA-B12 Reflux nephropathy 19 9 All other causes 46 8X2 test with Yatesis correction: Z2=4.9; 0-02 <P <0-05.In larger centres it may be possible to confirm whether this is a valid observation and therefore possibly a genetic marker for a disease that not infrequently results in end-stage renal failure.
Neovascular expression of VE-cadherin in human atherosclerotic arteries and its relation to intimal inflammation
Authors: Y Bobryshev
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: The present work aimed to investigate how the Ca2+-dependent cell adhesion molecule vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin might be involved in atherogenesis. Methods: Specimens of human carotid artery and aorta were obtained at operation. An immunohistochemical approach using cell-type specific antibodies examined how VE-cadherin expression in areas of neovascularisation related to the accumulation of immunocompetent and inflammatory cells within atherosclerotic plaque. Electron microscopy was used to examine the structural characteristics of neovessels and the cell composition in the surrounding intimal matrix. Results: In all the non-atherosclerotic aortic segments, VE-cadherin expression was observed only in the adventitia and the outer third of the media. Within the atherosclerotic arterial segments, VE-cadherin was expressed in all layers of the arterial wall including the intima where VE-cadherin was expressed by endothelial cells in areas of neovascularisation. In some neovessels, loss of VE-cadherin expression was associated with increased focal accumulation of T-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. Electron-microscopic examination demonstrated varying degrees of endothelial continuity in the intimal neovessels. Within those neovessels which were surrounded by a large number of immunocompetent and inflammatory cells, some inter-endothelial cell contacts were open allowing the penetration of blood cells through patent intercellular zones. Conclusions: VE-cadherin is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions by endothelial cells associated with neovascularisation. Downregulation of VE-cadherin expression within some intimal neovessels is accompanied by increased entry of immunocompetent cells into the intimal matrix surrounding areas of neovascularisation which suggests that disorganising endothelial cell-to-cell interactions within neovessels is significant in atherogenesis.
Observation of auer rods in crushed cells helps in the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Syed Osman Ahmed, Simona Deplano, Philippa C. May, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

The first patient was a 40-year-old woman who presented with bruising and nose bleeds. Her blood count showed: hemoglobin concentration (Hb) 87 g/l, white cell count (WBC) 8.2 × 109/l, neutrophils 0.9 × 109/l, primitive myeloid cells 6.4 × 109/l, and platelet count 10 × 109/l. Coagulation screen including fibrinogen concentration was normal. Both the blood film and bone marrow aspirate showed some crushed cells with multiple Auer rods surrounding the nuclei. This bone marrow image (top) shows four promyelocytes, one crushed with Auer rods and the others intact with hyperbasophilic blebbed cytoplasm; one cell has a bilobed nucleus and another has several Auer rods. The final diagnosis was of classical acute promyelocytic leukemia. The second patient was a 25-year old woman who presented with tiredness, menorrhagia, and bruising. Her blood count showed Hb 96 g/l, WBC 2.9 × 109/l, and platelet count 16 × 109/l. A coagulation screen shows a prolonged prothrombin time, reduced fibrinogen (0.6 g/l), and raised D-dimer. A blood film showed primitive cells with scanty hyperbasophilic, blebbed cytoplasm (bottom right) but with some crushed cells revealing the presence of multiple Auer rods (bottom left). The final diagnosis was of the hyperbasophilic variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia 1. Facilitation of a cytomorphological diagnosis by detection of crushed cells with multiple Auer rods was of particular importance in indicating the diagnosis in these two patients for different reasons. In the first patient, there was no coagulation abnormality and no t(15;17) was present, cytogenetic analysis showing only 46,XX,del(7)(q22q36)[7]/46,XX[13]; FISH analysis, however, showed a fusion signal on chromosome 15 in 17 of 20 metaphases, indicating a cryptic insertion of RARA into PML. In the second patient, although cytogenetic and molecular genetic features were typical, cytological diagnosis was otherwise difficult because of the cytoplasmic features of the leukemic promyelocytes.
UN hears demands that 10% of spending on roads should go on safety measures
Authors: Emma Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A new report is calling for changes in the conduct of clinical trials in the United States to reduce disparities of age, sex, race, and comorbidity.The goal is to give a more representative picture of the benefits and risks of a treatment across the entire population but particularly among those who bear the greatest burden of the morbidity.The eliminating disparities in clinical trials (EDICT) initiative was conducted over two years by the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and the Intercultural Cancer Council.It is part of an ongoing four year project to reduce barriers to participation in trials.The report of the initiative was released on 1 April in Washington, DC.The report describes itself as a "nationwide call to action . . .that removes the barriers to clinical trial participation and advances education and information sharing [as] a critical step to improving the health status of all Americans."Recommendations include harmonising the Food and Drug Administration's regulations on trial design and conduct with those of the National Institutes of Health requiring diversity; increasing collaboration between government and industry in trials; and fostering community involvement in all phases of trial design and implementation.It calls on journals to require researchers to include an analysis of how their trial participants match the population that bears the greatest burden of that condition.It also seeks better education of institutional review boards on their ethical responsibilities and of the general public about the trials process.Calls for better education of review boards and the public are likely to draw little opposition.But other recommendations are likely to require an increase in the size of a trial to provide sufficient numbers for subgroup analysis according to sex, race, age, and comorbidity.This will increase the cost of trials and could delay the introduction of new drugs to the marketplace.Information on EDICT is available at www.bcm.edu/edict. Trial participants need to represent patients betterUK NEWS Wakefield tells GMC he was motivated by concern for autistic children, p 738 World NEWS Australian drug firms give details of sums spent courting doctors, p 742 bmj.com reducing inequalities in health will need a long timeframe, MPs are told
Acute Injuries of the Head: Their Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications and Sequels
Authors: C. Keith Whittaker
Journal: JAMA (1965)

As the Foreword states, this istheBritish text on head injuries. The American reader can smile tolerantly when he reads tyre for tire or lorrie for truck, he may envy the free rehabilitation service available to the British patient, but he will have to have hisBritish Pharmacopoeiaat the ready to deal with the recommended drugs, even in the American chapter.  This is now clearly a book of many authors, and as such it suffers from uneven quality. The chapters on posttraumatic epilepsy, radiology, and rehabilitation can be singled out for special praise. The historical introduction is an interminable and ofttimes inappropriate hurdle to be jumped before the book begins, The latest facts and concepts about the reticular formation are beautifully expounded but their application to the head-injured patient seems not to concern the researcher-author. A great pity!  The roast beef of this British repast is the central four chapters dealing with the diagnosis and
Intergenerational recurrence of breech delivery
Authors: Janet R Hardy
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Maternal and paternal history of breech increase risk equally

Much attention has been focused on the consequences of breech presentation and on strategies to minimise risk for both the fetus and the mother. Studies, including the landmark term breech trial, have had a positive effect on clinical practice and set a standard in developed countries of caesarean delivery for persisting breech presentation.1 2 3 Less attention, however, has been focused on why some fetuses deliver in breech position. In the accompanying paper, Nordtveit and colleagues investigate whether the risk of breech delivery can be passed on through generations via both men and women.4

The prevalence of breech presentation decreases through gestation as fetuses mature, and most fetuses move into cephalic position before delivery. The prevalence of breech presentation is 25% at 28 weeks’ gestation and 3-4% at term.5 Risk factors include maternal characteristics (primiparity, contracted pelvis, high maternal age, and uterine abnormality); characteristics of the …
Detection of at least one high‐molecular‐mass, IgE‐binding component of the dust mite <i>Lepidoglyphus destructor</i>
Authors: S. Olsson, B. Härfast, S. G. O. Johansson, M. van Hage‐Hamsten
Journal: Allergy (1994)

We studied the allergen composition in an extract of the storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were raised against L. destructor by a standard hybridoma technique. In the subsequent screening, we concentrated on mAbs fulfilling three criteria. First, in ELISA, mAbs were assessed against a panel of various mite species, and only those reacting exclusively with L. destructor extract were selected for further analyses. Secondly, mAbs were selected in immunoblotting according to whether or not a novel pattern of reactivity emerged in comparison with earlier results. Thirdly, by radioimmunoassay (RIA), we selected mAbs that recognized components which were also recognized by human IgE from sera RAST positive to L. destructor. This yielded an L. destructor ‐specific mAb (117F9) reacting with two previously unknown components of approximately 79 and 93 kDa, respectively. We also analyzed 80 sera for the presence of IgE binding to these components. These sera were divided into three groups according to their RAST specificity. Eighteen of the 30 sera (60%) that were RAST positive to L. destructor were also positive in RIA. Correlation was moderate between kU/1 for L. destructor and the counts per minute values for the two components in RIA. The group of control sera lacking IgE antibodies against L. destructor displayed no positive results in RIA. However, 4/20 sera RAST positive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus but negative to L. destructor were scored as positive in RIA. We conclude that at least one of the high‐mol.‐mass components of L. destructor causes IgE‐mediated sensitization.