tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of acetaldehyde on nuclear protein binding to the nuclear factor I consensus sequence in the α2(I) collagen promoter
Authors: Frank A. Anania, James J. Potter, Lynda Rennie-Tankersley, Esteban Mezey
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Acetaldehyde has been shown to increase collagen production in cultured rat myofibroblastlike cells and to activate the mouse alpha 2(I) collagen promoter in transfected NIH 3T3 cells. Nuclear factor I (NF-I), a CCAAT binding transcription factor, is known to bind and activate the alpha 1(I) and alpha 2(I) collagen genes. Activation of the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter was not observed when the NF-I binding site of the promoter was deleted. In this study, we determined if acetaldehyde influences the binding of NF-I to the alpha 2(I) collagen promoter. Nuclear proteins extracted from NIH 3T3 cells, or myofibroblastlike cells, 36 hours after the addition of acetaldehyde (200 mumol/L) in serum-free media showed increased binding to the consensus sequence of the NF-I binding site by DNase I protection analysis and by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) as compared with control nuclear extracts that were not exposed to acetaldehyde. Furthermore, nuclear proteins extracted from myofibroblastlike cells that had been previously exposed to acetaldehyde had a marked increase in NF-I protein, as shown by Western blot with NF-I antibodies. Antisera to NF-I resulted in a slow migrating DNA-protein-antibody complex (supershift) on EMSA. However, the NF-I antibody did not supershift all the DNA-protein complexes, and the supershift band was not increased with nuclear proteins from acetaldehyde-treated cells despite the increased binding of these nuclear protein preparations to the NF-I oligo. Therefore, nuclear proteins, in addition to NF-I, bind to the NF-I consensus sequence and may have their binding altered by acetaldehyde.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Authors: Melvin E. Clouse
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Dr. Roland G. Ware:  A 41-year-old woman was admitted five years ago with pain and swelling in the left arm. A clot was surgically removed from the left subclavian vein. She was asymptomatic until six months before admission when she developed pain and swelling in the face and both upper extremities, at which time she was treated with chlorothiazide (Diuril). Two months before admission the swelling and pain in her face and upper trunk increased. She complained of dizziness, epistaxis, and headache. There were prominent veins in the extremities and upper thorax. She experienced no chills, fever, or weight loss.  Physical examination revealed a pleasant, cooperative woman whose blood pressure was 125/80 mm Hg in both upper extremities. The pulse, temperature, and respirations were normal. Her face and upper extremities were plethoric and edematous. Her eyes were prominent and the conjunctiva injected. The veins of the face, neck, and upper
Association Between Funding and Quality of Published Medical Education Research
Authors: Darcy A. Reed, David A. Cook, Thomas J. Beckman, Rachel B. Levine, David E. Kern, Scott M. Wright
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Methodological shortcomings in medical education research are often attributed to insufficient funding, yet an association between funding and study quality has not been established.To develop and evaluate an instrument for measuring the quality of education research studies and to assess the relationship between funding and study quality.Internal consistency, interrater and intrarater reliability, and criterion validity were determined for a 10-item medical education research study quality instrument (MERSQI). This was applied to 210 medical education research studies published in 13 peer-reviewed journals between September 1, 2002, and December 31, 2003. The amount of funding obtained per study and the publication record of the first author were determined by survey.Study quality as measured by the MERSQI (potential maximum total score, 18; maximum domain score, 3), amount of funding per study, and previous publications by the first author.The mean MERSQI score was 9.95 (SD, 2.34; range, 5-16). Mean domain scores were highest for data analysis (2.58) and lowest for validity (0.69). Intraclass correlation coefficient ranges for interrater and intrarater reliability were 0.72 to 0.98 and 0.78 to 0.998, respectively. Total MERSQI scores were associated with expert quality ratings (Spearman rho, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.84; P < .001), 3-year citation rate (0.8 increase in score per 10 citations; 95% CI, 0.03-1.30; P = .003), and journal impact factor (1.0 increase in score per 6-unit increase in impact factor; 95% CI, 0.34-1.56; P = .003). In multivariate analysis, MERSQI scores were independently associated with study funding of $20 000 or more (0.95 increase in score; 95% CI, 0.22-1.86; P = .045) and previous medical education publications by the first author (1.07 increase in score per 20 publications; 95% CI, 0.15-2.23; P = .047).The quality of published medical education research is associated with study funding.
The relationship between linear IgA disease and benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
Authors: J.N. LEONARD, PETER WRIGHT, D.M. WILLIAMS, J. J. H. GILKES, G.P. HAFFENDEN, R. M. H. MCMINN, LIONEL FRY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Nine out of thirty-four patients with linear IgA disease (LAD) had oral ulceration. Four out of seven of these patients who were examined by an ophthalmologist had changes of a cicatrising conjunctivitis indistinguishable from those of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid (BMMP). Three of these patients gave no history of ocular symptoms up to the time of examination. These findings indicate a need for oral and ophthalmological assessment in all patients with LAD. Twenty-seven patients with a diagnosis of BMMP were also studied. Nine presented with oral symptoms alone, nine with ocular symptoms alone, seven with oral and ocular symptoms, and two with cutaneous lesions in additon to oral and ocular symptoms. All the patients were examined by the same ophthalmologist. Six of the nine patients who presented with oral symptoms alone had signs of a cicatrising conjunctivitis. Four of these six patients had the clinical pattern of erosive gingivitis which was not previously thought to be associated with a cicatrising conjunctivitis. There is a similar need, therefore, for an ophthalmological assessment in all patients presenting with oral BMMP. Three of the twenty-seven patients with BMMP had homogeneous-linear deposits of IgA in uninvolved skin. The finding of linear IgA deposits in the skin of these patients with only mucous membrance lesions, and the finding that patients with LAD have a high incidence of oral and conjunctival lesions, raise the possibility of a common pathogenic pathway but with varying clinical expressions in these two groups.
Constant Intravenous Insulin Infusion During Labor and Delivery in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Robert H Caplan, Anthony S Pagliara, Everett A Beguin, Carolyn A Smiley, Mary Bina-Frymark, Kathryn A Goettl, J Michael Hartigan, James C Tankersley, Theodore M Peck
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

We treated 30 diabetic women (31 pregnancies) during the peripartum period with a continuous insulin infusion. A mean infusion rate of 1.0 μm/h maintained the mean plasma glucose concentration below 100 mg/dl in 84% of the patients; the plasma glucose concentration was below 100 mg/dl within an hour of delivery in 71% of the women. Mild hypoglycemia developed during the infusion in three women and after delivery in another patient. Only two infants of the diabetic mothers developed transient and asymptomatic hypoglycemia. We conclude that continuous insulin infusion is a practical, safe, and effective method for treating diabetic mothers during the peripartum period and suggest that this technique may decrease the frequency and severity of neonatal hypoglycemia.
Abstract 2251: Chronic Aortic Regurgitation: Early Detection of Left Ventricular Dysfunction by Global Systolic Strain
Authors: Marit Kristine Smedsrud, Eirik Pettersen, Ola Gjesdal, Kai Andersen, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Purpose  This study examined whether global longitudinal systolic strain by 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) could detect early onset of myocardial dysfunction in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation (AR).   Methods  36 patients referred to aortic valve replacement due to chronic AR were compared to 31 healthy age-matched controls. Left ventricular (LV) global systolic strain was assessed preoperatively by 2D-STE from conventional echocardiographic apical long-axis recordings. In addition, LV end diastolic diameter (EDD), end systolic diameter (ESD) and ejection fraction (EF) were measured.   Results  LV dimensions were larger in the AR patients than in the normal individuals (EDD 67 ± 9 mm vs. 50 ± 5 mm (p   Conclusions  The study demonstrated reduced global systolic strain along with preserved EF in chronic AR patients. Thus, global strain seems to detect early LV dysfunction as opposed to EF. This might reflect that global strain is more sensitive to identify impaired myocardial function due to the volume load in AR. Consequently, global systolic strain might represent a potential means for improved timing of valve replacement.
US investigation confirms Veterans Affairs staff kept multiple waiting lists
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

An investigation has confirmed allegations that staff at the US Veterans Health Administration facilities in Phoenix, Arizona, used unapproved scheduling practices that made it appear that patients were being seen far sooner than they actually were.

In a scathing interim report released on 28 May Richard J Griffin, acting inspector general of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), wrote that, although the staff of the VA’s Phoenix Health Care System were reporting to the VA that veterans were waiting on average 24 days for their first primary care appointment, a review by the VA investigators showed that they were actually waiting an average of 115 days. …
The Emergency Department Surveillance of Alcohol Intoxication After Motor Vehicle Accidents
Authors: Grace Chang
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To assess the surveillance of alcohol intoxication by surgical house staff, we examined the charts of 346 motor vehicle accident patients who presented to the trauma center of an urban teaching hospital emergency department. Half of the charts were reviewed before and half were reviewed after June 1986, when Connecticut enacted PA86-345, a law changing court rules of evidence so that the analysis by a hospital of a patient's blood could be used to establish probable cause for driving while under the influence of an intoxicant. We predicted and found no change in house-staff practice after passage of the law, since information about intoxication was obtained for immediate treatment. The rate of testing remained constant at 25%, with the median alcohol concentration at 200 mg/dL. Not one patient was referred for alcohol abuse evaluation or treatment. We recommend more vigorous attempts to evaluate, diagnose, and refer patients who abuse alcohol since they threaten the public health.
REAL TIME THREE DIMENSIONAL TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH DIAGNOSTIC CATHETERIZATION TO DETERMINE LEFT VENTRICULAR PRESSURE-VOLUME RELATIONSHIPS AND MYOCONTRACTILITY
Authors: Shelby Kutty, Sarah Nordmeyer, Asif Padiyath, Paul Gribben, Ling Li, Shunji Gao, Sheela Rangamani, Lucas Drvol, John Lof, David Danford, Titus Kuehne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
We'll Replace the Valve
Authors: B. Mark Hess
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CDC Minority Health Office: 'Social Epidemiology'
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE CDC's newly established Office of Assistant Director for Minority Health marks an expansion from the federal centers' traditional approach to health and disease into the less familiar realm of social epidemiology.  This, in my view, is the CDC's new frontier, says Rueben Warren, DDS, MPH, DrPH, the CDC's assistant director for minority health.  The office, set up in August 1988, strives to improve the health of all African-American, Hispanic-American, Native American, and Asian-American citizens, and the health of non-US citizens of similar ethnic and racial backgrounds where appropriate, such as migrant farm workers in the border states. People from these diverse groups suffer the highest incidence and prevalence of the most common preventable diseases, yet they remain the most difficult populations to reach.  Gap Is Clear, Reasons Hazy  A recent CDC study of excess mortality among black adults in the United States illustrates the striking gap between the black
Infectious Diseases
Authors: Margaret A. Winker
Journal: JAMA (1996)

A little more than a decade ago,<i>Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine</i><sup>1</sup>proclaimed that "infectious diseases are more easily prevented and more easily cured than any other major group of disorders...." A new disease called "acquired deficiency of cell-mediated immunity in young homosexual men" occupied less than a column of text. "Slim disease," recognized possibly as early as 1962,<sup>2</sup>did not warrant an entry, but the dramatic decline in tuberculosis seen during the previous decades was noted to have "leveled off." This complacency, reflected in the textbook and documented throughout this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, allowed a greater focus on heart disease and cancer. Ten years later, cardiovascular disease mortality has declined, and much of the public knows that high cholesterol and blood pressure should be controlled. Infectious disease mortality, meanwhile, has climbed to the third leading cause of death in the United States.<sup>3</sup> In 1996, we view
TUBERCULOSIS OF THE FEMALE ORGANS OF GENERATION AND THE PERITONEUM
Authors: J. RIDDLE GOFFE
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>HISTORICAL SUMMARY</h3> The study of tuberculosis of the female genitalia was secondary to that of tuberculosis of the peritoneum, although Morgagni, in making a necropsy in 1744 on a young woman who had died from tuberculous peritonitis, found the uterus and Fallopian tubes filled with caseous material and considered these organs as being the primary focus of the disease. Similar conclusions were reported by others who had found similar conditions. At this time, however, tuberculosis of the female genitalia was found only in patients suffering from a constitutional invasion. The local condition was discovered only at autopsy and had no clinical interest; it was considered simply as a pathologic curiosity. This antedated the year 1825. Christian Fenger divided the history of our knowledge of this disease into three periods. The first embraces everything antedating 1825, which I have described. The second includes the period from 1825 to 1884; during this
Medical ethics, the Israeli Medical Association, and the state of the World Medical Association: Reply from the BMA
Authors: V. Nathanson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Summerfield's open letter is addressed to three organisations, and the BMA can speak only for itself. I agree with several points he raises. Firstly, I agree that the mere fact of membership of the World Medical Association is not necessarily any guarantee of exemplary ethical conduct. There are good arguments for maintaining an inclusive international organisation that seeks to influence medical associations positively by exposing them to best practice rather than excluding and isolating them.

I agree that reports from organisations such as Amnesty International have indicated problems in Israel, but such reports also show that no country on earth has a blameless human rights record. (The BMA's own human rights report of 2001,1 discussed examples of abuse of human rights, involving doctors as victims, witnesses, or collaborators, in over 100 countries. Abuses range from medical participation …
Anti–CTL-Associated Antigen 4: Are Regulatory T Cells a Target?
Authors: Emmanuel M. Gabriel, Edmund C. Lattime
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

In this issue, O'Mahony et al. ([1][1]) targeted CTL–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) in previously vaccinated solid tumor patients using the human anti–CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab (MDX-010). Ipilimumab, together with a second human anti–CTLA-4 antibody, ticilimumab, are currently in phase 3
Levadopa and anticholinergic drugs in Parkinsonism.
Authors: T Sourkes
Journal: BMJ (1971)

action of agents capable of reacting with cellular DNA.Recently the isolation3 of a DNA polymerase-deficient (pol A7) strain has permitted the verification of this prediction.2 4 In the present study the sensitivity of such a mutant to gentian violet and related dyes was examined.TABLE.-Effect of agents on the growth of a DNA polymerase-deficient strain of E. coli Diameter of zone of inhibition (mm) Agent Parent Strain Mutant Strain Colistin (polymyxin F) 14 14 Kanamycin 24 25 Neomycin 22 22 Streptomycin 19 19 Ampicillin
A STUDY OF THYROID EXTRACTS.
Authors: W. H. NEILSON
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Interest in the thyroid body is not of recent origin. As far back as 1856, Schiff demonstrated, by his experiments on dogs, that this gland is an absolute necessity for the maintenance of life in these animals and his deductions have been abundantly confirmed by many observers since that time. After the removal of the thyroid gland a number of characteristic symptoms supervenes, as cachexia, emaciation, apathy and muscular tremor which may pass into convulsions before death ensues. The muscular phenomena appear to have a central nervous origin, for section of the motor nerves prevents them; and it is possible that the trophic changes noticed are also due to perverted nervous influence. In rabbits, Hofmeister demonstrated that by removal of the gland, leaving the glandules of Gley, life might be maintained. The hair became coarse, the body short and thick, the growth of the skeleton was arrested, the epithelium of
CELANDIN, ITS PHARMACOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGIC ACTION AND THERAPY.
Authors: JOHN V. SHOEMAKER
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Drainage.-Drainage of the abdominal cavity after operations for peritonitis is an admission of the pres- ent imperfect state of surgery.It is an acknowledgment on the part of the surgeon that he has only in part fulfilled the indications for which the operation was performed; it is a confession that he was not able to accomplish what was so much needed and what he so earnestly desired-complete asepsis of the entire peritoneal cavity.With the means at our disposal at the present time drainage in the surgical treatment of peritonitis is an unavoidable evil.The question that confronts us now is not when but how to drain in such cases.In 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War, Marion Sims made a special study of the cause of death in cases of gunshot wounds of the abdomen.The result of his observations led him to the conclusion that, independently of shock and hemorrhage, death resulted from sepsis.He found that with few
Over-regulation is eroding trust in doctors, NHS England warns
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Over-regulation in the NHS may erode people’s trust in doctors and clinical teams “to do the right thing,” attendees at the King’s Fund’s annual conference have been told. Speakers at the conference said that an unforgiving industry climate driven by rules and sanctions had left many frontline NHS staff fearful of making honest mistakes in the pursuit of improving care.

Ed Smith, NHS England’s deputy chair who also chairs its audit committee, said, “I think over-regulating professionals can erode the foundation of their work, and people switch off. If trust exists solely because there are sanctions against those individuals we don’t actually trust people at all.” He added, “The more we rely on rule following to shore up trust, I would argue the less likely [it is that] trust will be based on assumed integrity.”

Smith spoke at …
SURGERY OF THE LIVER.
Authors: CARL BECK
Journal: JAMA (1902)

It is only within recent years that the liver has received the attention of surgeons. Operations upon this organ were dreaded on account of the profuse, at times uncontrollable, hemorrhage which followed the cutting into the very vascular organ. This was observed in cases of injury of the liver, where the surgeon often was helpless in trying to check the bleeding by methods which would be applied in other organs. Another reason why surgeons hesitated to remove large portions of the liver was the uncertainty of the physiological after-effects in the destruction of a large part of the liver substance. The knowledge on this subject was very imperfect, and when a surgeon was confronted with a case requiring resection of a large portion of the liver, the picture of acute yellow atrophy and its fatal results stood before him and naturally he was not very enthusiastic. Spontaneous healing following injuries
Africa Says 'It's Not Too Late' as Fight Against AIDS Intensifies
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1988)

"EVEN IN AFRICA, I'm confident in the ability of human beings to react against death. Some journalists say, 'Forget Africa. It's too late to save it.' But that's not right. If we can just show the danger to our population, I'm sure they will avoid it. No one wants to die." Bosenge N'Galy, MD, of Kinshasa, Zaire, is speaking about the most dire threat yet to a continent long beset by health problems, many of little interest elsewhere. This time, as director of his country's National Program for the Prevention of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), N'Galy and all his African colleagues find themselves part of a worldwide effort to conquer one disease. They welcome the company. After nearly a decade of unawareness followed by denial—because of the stigma attached to harboring the disease as well as the unprovable but politically objectionable hypothesis of an African origin for human immunodeficiency virus
GALACTOSE DISAPPEARANCE FROM THE BLOOD STREAM. CALCULATION OF A GALACTOSE REMOVAL CONSTANT AND ITS APPLICATION AS A TEST FOR LIVER FUNCTION
Authors: Henry Colcher, Arthur J. Patek, Forrest E. Kendall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1946)

The use of galactose for testing the glycogenic function of the liver was suggested by Bauer in 1906 (1).Galactose is suitable for this purpose since its utilization depends upon the functional integrity of the liver, since it is non-toxic, and since its concentration can be determined readily in blood and urine (2 to 7).Bauer's test measured the urinary excretion of galactose during the 5-hour period following ingestion of the sugar.An excessive excretion of galactose was interpreted to indicate liver damage.However, there are serious disadvantages to this procedure: the method lacks sensitivity, and it is