tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of severe localized scleroderma by plasmapheresis report of three cases
Authors: F. WACH, H. ULLRICH, G. SCHMITZ, M. LANDTHALER, R. HEIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Summary We report three patients with severe, localized scleroderma, and with elevated titres of antinuclear antibodies, who were treated by plasmapheresis in combination with systemic steroid therapy. The therapeutic effectiveness of plasmapheresis was assessed on the basis of improvement in cutaneous and joint lesions. In all cases, significant improvement occurred after 2 months of therapy. Thus, in addition to treating systemic sclerosis, plasmapheresis can also be recommended for treatment of severe cases of localized scleroderma with elevated titres of antinuclear antibodies and antibodies to ss-DNA.
Editorial: Medicine is not a business
Authors: C. D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1974)

THE British National Health Service has completed its first quarter of a century. Meanwhile, we have been contemplating the kind of medical care deserved by the American citizenry. A decade ago, toward the end of his life, President Kennedy was urging Congress that we can no longer ask people to live in fear of a serious illness for which adequate funds were not available, and that man has the right of dignity in sickness as well as in health. Sickness is demeaning enough as it is. To practice an otherwise adequate kind of medicine limited by what the patient can afford is to adjust to a method of the market, and as is well known, the very character of business is out of harmony with the spirit of the profession. Getting the cost element out of the way of practice is meliorating and lends equanimity. In human relationships, it is
Institute of Medicine Calls for Coordinated Studies of Gulf War Veterans' Health Complaints
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1995)

FEDERAL AGENCIES must redirect and coordinate data collection and research efforts, an Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee says, if answers are to be found to health questions raised by Persian Gulf War veterans (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994; 272:341). Following continued reports from some veterans that they (and sometimes their families) are inexplicably ill, apparently as a result of military service during the 1991 Desert Storm liberation of Kuwait, Congress turned late in 1993 to the Washington, DC—based IOM, a 25-year-old private, nonprofit organization providing health policy advice under the 1863 congressional charter to the National Academy of Sciences. An 18-member IOM committee now has recommended, among other things, some epidemiologic studies using a population-based survey (of those who served in southwest Asia) to learn whether, and how much, the frequency of these mystery illnesses in Persian Gulf veterans exceeds that in the civilian population. The committee also recommends a single service-connected health
Cyclophosphamide as a first-line therapy in LGL leukemia
Authors: A Moignet, Z Hasanali, R Zambello, L Pavan, B Bareau, O Tournilhac, M Roussel, T Fest, A Awwad, K Baab, G Semenzato, R Houot, T P Loughran, T Lamy
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not.The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Cyclophosphamide as a first-line therapy in LGL leukemia
Dysregulated Arginine Metabolism, Hemolysis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension, and Mortality in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Claudia R. Morris, Gregory J. Kato, Mirjana Poljakovic, Xunde Wang, William C. Blackwelder, Vandana Sachdev, Stanley L. Hazen, Elliott P. Vichinsky, Sidney M. Morris, Mark T. Gladwin
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Sickle cell disease is characterized by a state of nitric oxide resistance and limited bioavailability of l-arginine, the substrate for nitric oxide synthesis. We hypothesized that increased arginase activity and dysregulated arginine metabolism contribute to endothelial dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, and patient outcomes.To explore the role of arginase in sickle cell disease pathogenesis, pulmonary hypertension, and mortality.Plasma amino acid levels, plasma and erythrocyte arginase activities, and pulmonary hypertension status as measured by Doppler echocardiogram were prospectively obtained in outpatients with sickle cell disease. Patients were followed up for survival up to 49 months.Urban tertiary care center and community clinics in the United States between February 2001 and March 2005.Two hundred twenty-eight patients with sickle cell disease, aged 18 to 74 years, and 36 control participants.Plasma amino acid levels, plasma and erythrocyte arginase activities, diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension, and mortality.Plasma arginase activity was significantly elevated in patients with sickle cell disease, with highest activity found in patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension. Arginase activity correlated with the arginine-ornithine ratio, and lower ratios were associated with greater severity of pulmonary hypertension and with mortality in this population (risk ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.2; P = .006). Global arginine bioavailability, characterized by the ratio of arginine to ornithine plus citrulline, was also strongly associated with mortality (risk ratio, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.5-8.3; P<.001). Increased plasma arginase activity was correlated with increased intravascular hemolytic rate and, to a lesser extent, with markers of inflammation and soluble adhesion molecule levels.These data support a novel mechanism of disease in which hemolysis contributes to reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and endothelial dysfunction via release of erythrocyte arginase, which limits arginine bioavailability, and release of erythrocyte hemoglobin, which scavenges nitric oxide. The ratios of arginine to ornithine and arginine to ornithine plus citrulline are independently associated with pulmonary hypertension and increased mortality in patients with sickle cell disease.
Proceedings: A preliminary investigation of stress distribution in lumbar vertebrae.
Authors: J S Shah, M I Jayson, W G Hampson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Heberden Society 199 biopsy was normal in 35 % of investigations, while reactive hepatitis was seen in 43 % and fatty liver in 22 %.Reactive hepatitis was mild in 6 %, moderate in 15 %, and severe in 22% of biopsies; fatty liver was mild in 11 %, moderate in 7 %, and severe in 4% of specimens.An abnormal BSP test was observed in 75 % of investigations, raised alkaline phosphatase in about 50%, an abnormal thymol turbidity test in 24 %, and diminished prothrombin (Quick) in 20%.A rise in transaminases in serum and in urobilinogen in urine was, however, very rare.A rise in bilirubin (more than 1-0 mgll00 ml) was never observed.There was a close relationship between rheumatoid arthritis activity and abnormal BSP retention, raised alkaline phosphatase, and reactive hepatitis.These tests, however, were not correlated to duration or stage of arthritis nor age of patients.These data were obtained in West Germany.In a second series in Switzerland, liver function tests, as well as liver biopsies, were carried out in 51 patients with definite rheumatoid arthritis.BSP retention was abnormal and prothrombin in 60 % of cases, alkaline phosphatase in 20%, thymol turbidity test in all 25 patients examined.Slightly raised levels of transaminases were seen in about
Optimization of a doxycycline hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex based on computational modeling
Authors: Zhouhua Wang, Zixin He, Lei Zhang, Haohao Zhang, Meimei Zhang, Xinguo Wen, Guilan Quan, Xintian Huang, Xin Pan, Chuanbin Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

To prepare a stable complex of doxycycline (Doxy) and hydroxypropy-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) for ophthalmic delivery, the optimum formulation and preparation conditions were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) modeling. The molar ratios of HP-β-CD/Doxy and Mg2+/Doxy, inclusion time and temperature were selected as independent variables (X1–X4) and inclusion efficiency and stability of the Doxy-HP-β-CD complex were selected as dependent (response) variables (Y1 and Y2). The optimal formulation predicted by genetic algorithm (GA) combined with the models was characterized by microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and the stability of Doxy in the complex was evaluated. The highest values of Y1 and Y2 were obtained using an ANN model combined with GA which predicted the values of X1–X4 to be 4, 10.8, 12 h and 25 °C, respectively. The modeling and optimization results indicated that a feed-forward back-propagation ANN with one hidden layer and 10 hidden units showed better fitting to both responses compared to the RSM and SVM models. GA proved to be an efficient tool in multi-objective optimization of a pharmaceutical formulation.
The Secretion of Fluid by Renal Cysts from Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Min Ye, Jared J. Grantham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The mechanism by which fluid accumulates in renal cysts of adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is not known. This study was designed to determine whether transepithelial secretion of fluid may account for this accumulation.
Treatment of neoplastic pleural effusions with local instillations of quinacrine (mepacrine) hydrochloride
Authors: J. A. Hickman, M. C. Jones
Journal: Thorax (1970)

The local instillation of quinacrine (mepacrine) hydrochloride is used widely in the United States of America for the treatment of neoplastic pleural effusions. To date, there has been no report of the use of this treatment in the United Kingdom. We have studied the effect of treatment in 12 consecutive patients presenting with a variety of types of malignant pleural effusion and report our experiences. In all of our patients the effusion was successfully controlled and sideeffects were not unduly troublesome. We conclude that quinacrine is at least as effective as other forms of treatment of neoplastic pleural effusion and merits more attention.
Identifying Health Technologies That Work
Authors: Elaine J. Power
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psoriatic patients with arthropathy show significant expression of free HLA class I heavy chains on circulating monocytes: a potential role in the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthropathy
Authors: C-C.E. Lan, W.C. Tsai, C-S. Wu, C-L. Yu, H-S. Yu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Surface free heavy chains on monocytes were recently implicated in playing a role in the pathogenesis of several forms of arthritis.To determine the expression of surface free heavy chains (recognized by monoclonal antibody HC10) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of psoriatic patients with or without arthropathy.Twenty-eight psoriatic patients from the dermatology outpatient clinic were included in this study. Blood samples were collected during outpatient visits and clinical characteristics of the patients were documented. Quantitative analyses of circulating mononuclear cells were performed using flow cytometry.Circulating monocytes showed higher expression of HC10 compared with circulating lymphocytes (P < 0.05). Psoriatic patients with arthropathy showed elevated expression of HC10 on peripheral blood monocytes compared with those without arthropathy (P < 0.05). Among the arthropathic group, those without the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 allele showed even higher expression of HC10 on circulating monocytes compared with those possessing HLA-B27 (P < 0.05). The polyarthropathic subgroup showed the highest HC10 expression, but the level of expression was not high enough to be of statistical significance compared with other arthropathic subgroups. No correlation was found between psoriatic skin involvement and the expression of HC10 on circulating monocytes.The presence of free heavy chains on circulating monocytes is closely associated with psoriatic arthropathy, while the expression of free heavy chains on circulating monocytes has no significant influence on psoriatic skin lesions.
Frequency, severity, and technique-dependency of interatrial contrast shunting: A prospective population-based transesophageal echocardiographic study
Authors: Yoram Agmon, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Irene Meissner, Tanya M. Petterson, Teresa J. Christianson, David O. Wiebers, James B. Seward, A. Jamil Tajik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Relationship between Conjugate Lateral Eye Movements and Alexithymia
Authors: James D.A. Parker, Graeme J. Taylor, Michael Bagby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1992)

The relationship between conjugate lateral eye movements (CLEMs) and alexithymia was investigated in a group of 60 (23 male and 37 female) right-handed university students. Subjects completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the Schalling-Sifneos Personality Scale, and the Basic Personality Inventory, which measures 12 basic dimensions of personality and psychopathology, CLEMs were recorded while subjects were asked 20 general knowledge questions that have no tendency to elicit eye movements predominantly in one direction. A series of gender by CLEM preference (left vs. right mover) ANOVAs were conducted with the various measures. There was a significant relationship between right CLEM preference and higher scores on the TAS, but no relationships between CLEMs and any of the other measures. These results suggest that alexithymia is associated with left cerebral lateralization, and support the hypothesis that alexithymic characteristics reflect a variation in brain organization.
P274 Designing a Behavioural-Educational Intervention Using Intervention Mapping to Reduce the High Rates of Paediatric Asthma Hospital Admissions in an Inner-City Area of Birmingham
Authors: F Ikram-Bashir, L Barrett, C Cummins, H Pattison
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Interventions based on empirically supported theory are effective in eliciting behaviour change (BC) (Michie &amp; Prestwich, 2010). We used intervention mapping to design a BC intervention to promote effective asthma management. <h3>Method</h3> An evidence review on BC interventions for asthma was conducted; quantitative admissions data was collated; and qualitative research was used to explore family and patient experiences. These were used in the six processes of intervention mapping: needs assessment, proximal programme objective matrices, theory-based methods and practical strategies, intervention design, adoption and implementation, and evaluation. <h3>Findings</h3> The six stages demonstrated that self-management behaviours are a critical component of asthma care and that childhood asthma care may be influenced through behaviour and environment. The process showed how intervention methods based on self-regulatory theory (Leventhal et al., 1984) are applicable to self-management behaviours and can be translated into practical applications for asthma self-management. Figure 1. Intervention mapping process diagram (Bartholomew et al., 2001) Step one involved conducting a literature review, collecting preliminary data and developing the asthma PRECEDE model. Step 2 highlighted the at-risk group and explores relevant theories/frameworks e.g. Asthma self-management behavioural framework (Bartholomew et al., 2001). Performance objectives and determinants were established in order to devise a change objective matrix. Step 3 linked BC techniques to determinants and change objectives in order to change behaviour. Step 4 was the intervention design targeting asthma self-management. Key features were child centred teaching including a video and facilitating family/GP links. Step 5 encompassed the logistics of the intervention i.e. mode of delivery, costing and outcome expectations e.g. perceived benefits and better health. Step 6 outlined how the intervention would be evaluated including baseline and follow-ups, review of ED attendances, self-reported measures, Asthma Quality of Life Scale and Paediatric Asthma Control Test. <h3>Discussion</h3> The intervention mapping process aided the design of an intervention tailored to a child’s own data and to the specific needs of a child/family. The intervention should help a child progress to more advanced asthma management and promote a tie between child/family and GP . The next step is to implement and evaluate this intervention at Birmingham Children’s Hospital to tackle the paediatric high rates of asthma hospital admissions. Words: 345 (excluding subheadings and diagram)
Epigenetic silencing of interferon-inducible genes is implicated in interferon resistance of hepatitis C virus replicon-harboring cells
Authors: Kazuhito Naka, Ken-ichi Abe, Kazunori Takemoto, Hiromichi Dansako, Masanori Ikeda, Kunitada Shimotohno, Nobuyuki Kato
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Escherichia coli Bacteriuria and Contraceptive Method
Authors: Thomas M. Hooton
Journal: JAMA (1991)

We evaluated the effects of contraceptive method on the occurrence of bacteriuria and vaginal colonization with Escherichia coli in 104 women who were evaluated prior to having sexual intercourse, the morning after intercourse, and 24 hours later. After intercourse, the prevalence of E coli bacteriuria increased slightly in oral contraceptive users but dramatically in both foam and condom users and diaphragm-spermicide users. Twenty-four hours later, the prevalence of bacteriuria remained significantly elevated only in the latter two groups. Similarly, vaginal colonization with E coli was more dramatic and persistent in users of diaphragm-spermicide and foam and condoms. Vaginal colonization with Candida species, enterococci, and staphylococci also increased significantly in diaphragm-spermicide users after intercourse. We conclude that use of the diaphragm with spermicidal jelly or use of a spermicidal foam with a condom markedly alters normal vaginal flora and strongly predisposes users to the development of vaginal colonization and bacteriuria with E coli.
Standardization of Drug Names
Authors: Calvin M. Kunin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  In regard to the special communication by Frank M. Allan, MD (229:541, 1974), I wish to express my complete agreement with his position. It seems to me that the two responses from the industrial representatives published in the same issue should have included the overriding reasons for their rebuttal. The pharmaceutical industry has a good thing going and doesn't want change if it can be avoided. Most of the education concerning drugs comes from the industry through enormous and expensive promotional programs. It seems to me that the time is well overdue for physicians to regain the initiative they have virtually lost. Let's begin by calling a drug by a single, understandable name. Company identification is a secondary concern. Advertisements can emphasize the virtues of prescribing by using specific company name. However, these ads must contain convincing evidence of better bioavailability and lower cost.
Sclerosing cholangitis and histiocytosis X.
Authors: H H Thompson, H A Pitt, K J Lewin, W P Longmire
Journal: Gut (1984)

Three patients with biopsy proven histiocytosis X who developed a clinical and pathological picture compatible with sclerosing cholangitis are reported. In one patient, operative biopsy of the common bile duct revealed histiocytosis X in the granulomatous/xanthomatous phase. At necropsy, however, only fibrosis of the biliary tree was seen, a picture consistent with sclerosing cholangitis. Fibrotic obstruction of the biliary tree led to death from liver failure in all three patients. The aetiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis is unknown and may be multifactorial. Perhaps involvement of the biliary tree by histiocytosis X is one cause.
Radiotracer Uptake in Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid
Authors: K L PARTHASARATHY, KATSUTARO SHIMAOKA, SURAJ P. BAKSHI, MOHAMED S. RAZACK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

A patient with pathologically confirmed medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with lymph node metastases was noted to show uptake of radiothallium, radiopertechnetate, and radioiodine. A perchlorate washout test was markedly positive, indicating that the uptake was largely due to trapping.
Osseous Syphilis
Authors: Mark Exley, A. W. Newton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

UNUSUAL and extensive involvement of the osseous system by syphilis occurring thirteen months after the appearance of the secondary skin manifestations is indeed of interest. It is known that wide dissemination of spirochetes through the body tissue occurs within three or four hours after the initial infection. Even though the bone, with its periosteum and blood-forming marrow cavity, contains myriads of spirochetes, skeletal involvement is comparatively rare.Much has been written by the earliest syphilologists vividly describing the symptoms — the pathognomonic osteopathic pain and bony swelling that occur in skeletal syphilitic involvement. The case reported herein is that of . . .
Coronary artery disease mortality in relatives of hypertriglyceridemic school children: the Muscatine study.
Authors: H G Schrott, W R Clarke, P Abrahams, D A Wiebe, R M Lauer
Journal: Circulation (1982)

From 2655 healthy school children participating in the 1973 and 1975 Muscatine Coronary Risk Factor School surveys, two groups of index cases were selected for a detailed family study of coronary mortality: a group with fasting triglyceride levels greater than the ninetieth percentile on both surveys (n = 75) and a group with triglyceride levels less than the tenth percentile on both surveys (n = 47). Coronary mortality in adult (age 30 years or older) first- and second-degree relatives was not different between the two groups. When the families of the high-triglyceride group was further subdivided based on the cholesterol percentile of the index child, greater coronary mortality was observed in the relatives of index cases with high cholesterol (higher than the seventy-fifth percentile). This study suggests that family members of children with elevated triglyceride and low cholesterol levels do not have excess coronary mortality.