tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Update in Hospital Medicine
Authors: Jeffrey G. Wiese, Russell L. Holman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Updates7 February 2006Update in Hospital MedicineJeffrey G. Wiese, MD and Russell L. Holman, MDJeffrey G. Wiese, MDFrom Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Cogent Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee.Search for more papers by this author and Russell L. Holman, MDFrom Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Cogent Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-3-200602070-00008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This Update in Hospital Medicine summarizes 11 of the most important papers from 2004 for physicians with active inpatient practices. The articles were identified through a MEDLINE search and through a detailed review of 15 major medical journals. We polled local and national experts to determine which issues should be given priority and selected articles on the basis of their ability to confirm or change the hospitalist's clinical practice. This sample represents a diversity of study types and topics from the major subspecialties in medicine as they apply to the practicing hospitalist.Hospitalist ComanagementHospitalist–Orthopedic Comanagement Reduced Minor Complication Rates ...Reference1. Tepel M, van der Giet M, Schwarzfeld C, Laufer U, Liermann D, Zidek W. Prevention of radiographic-contrast-agent-induced reductions in renal function by acetylcysteine. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:180-4. [PMID: 10900277] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, and Cogent Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee.Disclosures: None disclosed.Corresponding Author: Jeffrey G. Wiese, MD, Department of Medicine, SL-12, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112.Current Author Addresses: Dr. Wiese: Department of Medicine, SL-12, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112.Dr. Holman: Cogent Healthcare, 40 Burton Hills Boulevard, Suite 320, Nashville, TN 37215. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 February 2006Volume 144, Issue 3Page: 195-200KeywordsAdverse eventsAlbuminsBrain natriuretic peptidesDementiaHospitalistsPulmonary embolismSodium ePublished: 7 February 2006 Issue Published: 7 February 2006 CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
China’s Health System Reform and Medical Education—Reply
Authors: Christina S. Ho, Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinicopathologic Correlation of a Macular Hole Treated by Cortical Vitreous Peeling and Gas Tamponade
Authors: Steven A. Madreperla, Greer L. Geiger, Midori Funata, Zenaida de la Cruz, W. Richard Green
Journal: Ophthalmology (1994)

Purpose: To study the histopathology of a stage III macular hole that had been treated by vitrectomy with cortical vitreous and epicortical vitreous membrane peeling and gas tamponade. Methods: The light and electron microscopic features of a treated macular hole were studied. Results: A 16-μm-wide break was present in the external limiting membrane. This was sealed by Müller cell processes. Photoreceptors adjacent to the healed defect appeared normal. No cystoid macular edema was present. Conclusion: Cortical vitreous peeling and gas tamponade can allow the macular hole to settle and the edges to re-approximate. The residual defect can be sealed by Müller cells. Purpose: To study the histopathology of a stage III macular hole that had been treated by vitrectomy with cortical vitreous and epicortical vitreous membrane peeling and gas tamponade. Methods: The light and electron microscopic features of a treated macular hole were studied. Results: A 16-μm-wide break was present in the external limiting membrane. This was sealed by Müller cell processes. Photoreceptors adjacent to the healed defect appeared normal. No cystoid macular edema was present. Conclusion: Cortical vitreous peeling and gas tamponade can allow the macular hole to settle and the edges to re-approximate. The residual defect can be sealed by Müller cells.
OTHER METHODS OF PROMOTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECTIONS.Suggestions to the Section on Ophthalmology of the American Medical Association, at its meeting in Washington, D. C., May, 1891, by the Chairman,
Authors: LEARTUS CONNOR
Journal: JAMA (1891)

The future of the American Medical Association rests upon the works of its Sections. If this stands the test of criticism by intelligent medical men, then will the Association attract to its membership an increasingly large number of representative physicians from every portion of the American Continent. The history of this Section is well known. From a membership of a dozen it has increased to over one hundred. From material insufficient for a few hours it has grown to a stage when its wealth of material taxes every energy for its profitable disposition during the longest obtainable sessions. Its career has been checkered by numerous disturbing and destructive forces, but having continued to develop in spite of these, and by their aid, it may confidently anticipate a future more useful to our science, more helpful to ourselves and more honorable to the profession. During the time allowed for remarks by
Behavioral Individuality in Early Childhood
Authors: Donald J. Holmes
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In this clearly written book the authors report on their study of personality development during the first few months and several years of life. A group of 80 children, unusually "well-controlled" with regard to socioeconomic factors, have served as subjects in this sophisticated attempt to dissect out elements of behavior which can be scored, and to validate the reliability of concrete information from parents as the primary source of data. After making adequate acknowledgment of the importance of early life experience as a potent determinant in personality development, the authors then proceed to argue the procedural validity of separating out for special study those patterns of very early reactivity of the infant and toddler which<i>might</i>be interpreted as expressions of intrinsically determined behavior. The occasional vehemence about the worthwhileness of the quantitative method seems to reflect some of the frustration necessarily experienced in even the most worthwhile effort to
TREATMENT OF ACUTE CORONARY OCCLUSION
Authors: EUGENE S. KILGORE
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Among the common medical emergencies there are few if any that receive treatment so poor as that of coronary thrombosis—poor in the sense of an average so far below the best that even present knowledge makes possible. For this condition the layman's ignorance is first responsible. A considerable number of such patients do not feel sick enough to call a doctor, and, if they do not recover by good luck, make their first medical contact with the coroner. By the use of such means of publicity as are possible, at the risk of creating some unnecessary fears, it should be taught that for middle-aged and older persons ptomaine poisoning and acute indigestion are usually serious mistakes in identity, and that pleuritic pains and neuritis of the chest, neck, jaw or arms deserve immediate painstaking diagnostic scrutiny. So far as possible, prophylaxis also should be taught, which is the difficult one
Amiodarone Phenocopy of Fabry's Keratopathy
Authors: Chester B. Whitley, Michael Y. Tsai, James J. Heger, Eric N. Prystowsky, Douglas P. Zipes
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recognition of the distinctive corneal opacity associated with amiodarone therapy has stimulated our interest in this drug-induced phenocopy of Fabry's keratopathy. The timely correspondence by Alves and colleagues (1982; 248:1448) suggested a biochemical approach somewhat anticipating our recent enzymatic studies, which have exploited the phenocopy relationship. The primary defect of Fabry's disease, an X-linked inborn error of glycosphingolipid metabolism, is the well-characterized deficiency of lysosomal α-galactosidase A enzymatic activity. The distinctive corneal opacification of this disorder results from the consequent accumulation of glycosphingolipid substrates in the corneal epithelium of affected male hemizygotes and most female heterozygotes. Although morphologically unique among heritable storage-disease keratopathies, the cornea verticillata of Fabry's disease is indistinguishable from a number of reversible, drug-induced corneal dystrophies both by slit-lamp microscopy and on the basis of ultrastructural, lysosomal, multilamellar inclusion bodies. Based on these observations, we proposed that chloroquine keratopathy, the prototype drug-induced phenocopy, might
House Staff Work Hours, Supervision, and Quality of Care
Authors: Ward O. Griffen
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article entitled "The Impact of a Regulation Restricting Medical House Staff Working Hours on the Quality of Patient Care" by Laine et al<sup>1</sup>is an important contribution to the debate on the effect of reduction of working hours for residents in graduate medical education programs. Laine et al clearly recognize the limitations in the study they performed to evaluate patient care before and after Code 405. Despite these limitations, they did show that there was a significant difference in the delay in obtaining tests on patients and on in-hospital complications. The conclusions of Laine et al tend to corroborate the concerns expressed by surgical educators, namely, that arbitrary reductions in working hours could lead to compromise of patient care. We in surgical education have stressed the necessity of continuity of care and have been concerned that the quality of patient care can suffer because the
MY UNLIMITED POTENTIAL: STRUCTURED EXERCISE TRAINING ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED GLYCEMIC CONTROL FOR PATIENTS WITH DIABETES WITHIN 12 WEEKS IN HEALTH CARE EMPLOYEES
Authors: Sankalp Das, Maribeth Rouseff, Henry Guzman, Thinh H. Tran, Khurram Nasir, Joseph Mora, Emir Veledar, Ehimen Aneni, Doris Brown, Joann Santiago-Charles, Josette Bou-Khalil, Lara Roberson, Ebenezer Oni, Cynthia Gilliam, Virginia Lehn, Beatriz Castillo, Janisse Post, Teresa C. Ochoa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
EXPERIMENTAL BONE MARROW REACTIONS
Authors: Gulli Lindh Muller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

1. The effect produced by intravenous administration of gum shellac solution varied directly with the strength of the solution and the amount injected. (a) Strong solutions were intensely toxic and fatal to all the animals injected. Toxicity was abolished by the presence of carbon particles in the solution. (b) Medium strength solutions produced a marked normoblastosis followed by an erythroblastosis if injections were continued, accompanied either by an initial rise of red blood cells and hemoglobin followed by a decrease or an initial decline followed by an increase. The decrease of erythrocytes and hemoglobin did not amount to an actual anemia, and was usually concomitant with the greatest outpouring of nucleated red cells. (c) Small doses elicited the same kind of response except that the normoblastosis was less marked, the decrease of red cells and hemoglobin minimal or absent, the increase of red blood cells and hemoglobin marked in most instances. (d) Minimal doses elicited no appreciable reaction. 2. The bone marrow in animals killed after a course of injections showed intense erythrocytic hyperplasia. This disappeared after a variable length of time with a return of the bone marrow to apparently normal condition. 3. Toxic effects with non-fatal doses in form of hemorrhages were produced mainly in the bone marrow and occasionally in the kidney under the following conditions. (a) After one injection in an animal with hyperplastic marrow (hemorrhages ih the bone marrow only). (b) After the fourth and fifth dose when administered at long intervals (4 to 19 day intervals). (c) After one injection given 40 days after several successive injections (one animal only). 4. Small and divided doses administered at long intervals produced no apparent ill effect. 5. Subcutaneous administrations did not elicit any marked systemic reactions. Locally there was induration and edema. 6. The conclusion was drawn that gum shellac solution stimulates markedly the production of erythrocytes in the bone marrow. The mechanism of stimulation is not clear, but it seems unlikely that it is due to destruction of red blood cells in the peripheral blood stream.
High‐dose inhaled steroids in the management of asthma A comparison of the effects of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate on pulmonary function, symptoms, bronchial responsiveness and the adrenal function
Authors: U.G. Svendsen, L. Frølund, J. H. Heinig, F. Madsen, N. H. Nielsen, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1992)

Svendsen UG, Frølund L, Heinig JH, Madsen F, Nielsen NH, Weeke B. High‐dose inhaled steroids in the management of asthma. A comparison of the effects of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate on pulmonary function, symptoms, bronchial responsiveness and the adrenal function. The efficacy of budesonide (800 μg b.d.) and beclomethasone dipropionate (750 μg b.d.) in controlling the symptoms of asthma, pulmonary function, bronchial responsiveness to histamine, and adrenal function, was assessed in a double‐blind, double‐dummy cross‐over study of 36 adult chronic asthmatic patients. The patients, the majority of whom were assessed to be affected to a severe degree, were insufficiently controlled in their current regimen of inhaled steroids and/or inhaled and oral bronchodilators. A 2 weeks baseline period preceded 6 weeks of treatment with each of the study drugs. Both treatment groups showed improvements from baseline in clinical assessment of lung function carried out after the first 6 weeks of treatment. No significant differences were seen throughout the entire 12 weeks study, when comparing the effects of the treatments on FEV 1 FVC, PEF or the histamine PC 20 . Asthma severity, symptom score and inhaled bronchodilator use showed the same results after both treatments. It is concluded that inhalations of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate in high doses are equally potent in the treatment of severe asthma. There is no significant influence on the adrenal function and no significant side effects during a period equal to that of the present study.
CORONARY THROMBOSIS AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, WITH GLYCOSURIA
Authors: N. Cruickshank
Journal: BMJ (1931)

Glycosuria associated with coronary thrombosis is now becoming recognized as a definite syndrome.The follow- ing case is of interest because it illustrates this syndrome, and because the course of the patient's illness presented some unusual features. CLINICAL HISTORYA retired railway porter, aged 68, came under my care in the Glasgow Royal Infirmary.He had a severe degree of cardiac failure; there was oedema of the limbs, Lack, and face, also cyanosis and orthopnoea.There was no anginoid pain, pericardial friction, or leucocytosis.The cardiac area was enlarged, the left border of dulln-ess being one inch outside the nipple line and the right border at the right sternal margin.The heart sounds were of poor quality and the beats irregular in force, but there were no murmurs.The radial pulse w-as regular, the rate being 96.The radial and brachial arteries were thickened and tortuous, and the blood pressure was 140/104 mm.Hg.The urine contained a cloud of albumin, and there was incomplete reduction of Fehling's solution.
Long-term effects of heart rate reduction by zatebradine on mortality, homodynamics and remodeling in rate with experimental myocardial infarction
Authors: K. Hu, P. Gaudron, J. Kaden, A. Hagebeuker, D. Fraccoarollo, E. Schönaich, G. Erti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Fibrosis or hypertrophy: let TIMPs decide
Authors: D. Westermann, S. Heymans
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

This editorial refers to ‘Differential role of TIMP2 and TIMP3 in cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction’ by D. Fan et al. , pp. 268–280, this issue. 

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and constitutes a significant portion of medical care costs. Being as deadly as systolic HF, it completely lacks effective therapy beside the management of its metabolic risk factors including diabetes, obesity and hyperlipidaemia, and hypertension. Typical medication that helps systolic HF (HF with reduced EF, HFREF) patients, such as beta-blockade and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, are not successful in HFPEF patients.1

HFPEF is characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased interstitial fibrosis, both leading to enhanced cardiac stiffness and dysfunction.2 Therapeutic strategies targeting the fundamental underpinnings of hypertrophy and fibrosis remain an unmet medical need and hence represent an important area for research and development.

The present paper by Fan et al. 3 reveals paradoxical roles for tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMP)-2 and TIMP3 in Angiotensin-II (AngII)-induced cardiac fibrosis. Whereas the absence of TIMP2 enhanced hypertrophy without affecting fibrosis, lacking TIMP3 increased cardiac fibrosis along with enhanced cardiac inflammation. These findings first of all underline the anti-inflammatory and parallel anti-fibrotic properties of TIMP3, also observed in other organs. Its absence enhanced immune activation and fibrosis in mouse models of bleomycine-induced pulmonary disease,4 nephritis,5 and auto-immune hepatitis.6

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their …
Shall We Continue to Climb?
Authors: Robert E. McAfee
Journal: JAMA (1986)

For over 30 years, the American Medical Association (AMA) through its policies, programs, and publications has continued to alert the public to the medical consequences of the use of tobacco. This issue of<i>JAMA</i>, the third issue devoted to the problem of smoking, signifies the importance of this public health responsibility as seen by organized medicine. Despite this and similar activities that have had modest success in presenting public information regarding the health consequences of tobacco use, the following facts are still with us: One thousand deaths per day in the United States are attributed to the effects of tobacco. There are 1 million new smokers per year in this country, the majority of whom represent young America. The Surgeon General continues to issue warnings regarding the urgency of this No. 1 public health problem. In excess of $2 billion is spent annually by the tobacco industry to promote their
Possible Inhibition of Focal Cerebral Ischemia by Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Stimulation
Authors: Masaru Iwai, Hong-Wei Liu, Rui Chen, Ayumi Ide, Shoko Okamoto, Ryuji Hata, Masahiro Sakanaka, Tetsuya Shiuchi, Masatsugu Horiuchi
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— The role of angiotensin II receptor subtypes was investigated in focal brain ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Methods and Results— In Agtr2 + (wild-type) mice, MCA occlusion induced focal ischemia of ≈20% to 30% of the total area in coronal section of the brain. The ischemic area was significantly larger in angiotensin II type 2 receptor–deficient ( Agtr2 − ) mice than in Agtr2 + mice. The neurological deficit after MCA occlusion was also greater in Agtr2 − mice than in Agtr2 + mice. The decrease in surface cerebral blood flow after MCA occlusion was significantly exaggerated in the peripheral region of the MCA territory in Agtr2 − mice. Superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity were enhanced in the ischemic area of the brain in Agtr2 − mice. An AT 1 receptor blocker, valsartan, at a nonhypotensive dose significantly inhibited the ischemic area, neurological deficit, and reduction of cerebral blood flow as well as superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity in Agtr2 + mice. These inhibitory actions of valsartan were weaker in Agtr2 − mice. Conclusions— These results suggest that AT 2 receptor stimulation has a protective effect on ischemic brain lesions, at least partly through the modulation of cerebral blood flow and superoxide production.
Conditionally replicating herpes vectors for cancer therapy
Authors: Robert L. Martuza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

The use of genetically engineered viral vectors for tumor therapy initially involved replication-defective vectors, generally derived from retro- or adenoviruses, for the transfer of genes to cause tumor growth inhibition or tumor destruction. However, because of limitations involving vector delivery and relatively low levels of gene transfer, such vectors systems have proven relatively inefficient for the treatment of large solid tumors. In an attempt to overcome this problem, vectors have been developed that can replicate within the tumor and thus increase the efficiency of tumor cell destruction, but appropriate tumor targeting has been a major challenge for such systems. Vectors are needed that replicate within tumor cells and cause tumor cell destruction but that cause no local or systemic toxicity, because they fail to grow within normal tissues. Studies that I and my colleagues performed initially focused on the treatment of malignant brain tumors using local vector delivery to avoid damaging normal brain and associated tissues. We and others have since expanded the scope of this project to target cancers in the nervous system and elsewhere, using targeted or systemically delivered vectors derived from herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) .
Cellular proliferation and macrophage influx precede interstitial fibrosis in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity
Authors: Bessie A. Young, Emmanuel A. Burdmann, Richard J. Johnson, Charles E. Alpers, Cecilia M. Giachelli, Eudora Eng, Takeshi Andoh, William M. Bennett, William G. Couser, with the technical assistance of Jessie Lindsley, J. Duyn
Journal: Kidney International (1995)