tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neurohumoral regulation of excitation-contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes from cardiomyopathic hamsters
Authors: M Horackova, A Beresewicz, G Rowden, M Wilkinson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — The aim was to evaluate the regulation of contractility by autonomic stimulation in the necrotic stage of cardiomyopathy in male Syrian hamsters. Design — The electrical and contractile activity of isolated intracellularly stimulated ventricular myocytes has been recorded and dose-response curves to [Ca2+]o, and to β adrenergic, α adrenergic, and muscarinic agonists and antagonists were examined. Experimental material — Ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated by enzymatic dissociation of hearts from 90 to 120 day old cardiomyopathic hamsters CHF 147 and from age matched non-myopathic controls: CHF 148 or golden hamsters. Measurements and main results — The membrane potential was recorded by suction (patch) electrodes. The contractile activity was recorded by a video system as the shortenings of the myocytes. The contractile response (EC50) to β adrenergic stimulation (isoprenaline) showed a bimodal distribution: 60% of the myopathic myocytes responded like the controls, while in the remaining 40% the sensitivity was significantly decreased. The electrical activity and β adrenergic receptor density were not different from the controls. The α adrenergic stimulation (by phenylephrine) was enhanced, while response to the muscarinic agonist carbachol (in the presence of isoprenaline) was attenuated in the myopathic cells. Sensitivity to [Ca2+]o was unchanged. Conclusions — Profound changes occur in the contractile response of myocytes from cardiomyopathic hamster to stimulation by mediators of the autonomic nervous system, which at this necrotic stage are not related to any significant changes in basal contractile response to [Ca2+]o, to the electrical activity, or to the number of β adrenergic receptors.
IN-111 LABELED POLYCLONAL POOLED HUMAN IgG IMAGING FOR OSTEOMYELITIS
Authors: B. Barron, H. Tran, L. Lamki, K. Lyssy, B. Browner, A. Banerjee, C. Fifo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Barron, B.; Tran, H.; Lamki, L.; Lyssy, K.; Browner, B.; Banerjee, A.; Fifo, C. Author Information
Noncontrast tissue harmonic imaging markedly enhances image quality in technically difficult echocardiograms
Authors: S.L. Mulvagh, D.A. Foley, G. Gilman, G.M. Pumper, J.L. Hargrove, W.H. Hansen, F.A. Miller, J.B. Seward
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Conflicts of Interest Ethics: Silencing Expertise in the Development of International Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Derek J. Jones
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Background: It is unclear whether global experts with financial conflicts of interest (FCOIs) should be included in, be excluded from, or have a limited role in developing international clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Optimal management of FCOIs to ensure independent, expert CPGs remains ethically contested. Objective: To manage FCOIs and examine whether an ethics framework with discussion recusal by experts with FCOIs affects deliberations and voting on a CPG. Design: Development of an ethics framework grounded on transparency and proportional management of COIs, including self-recusal, evaluation of the effect on COIs and CPG process by quantification of voting on recommendations, and qualitative assessment of experts' ethics dialogue. Setting: International consensus meeting to formulate a CPG in gastroenterology. Participants: 34 experts from 15 countries. Measurements: Counting the votes of experts with and without declared FCOIs and qualitative assessment of ethics discussions. Results: 62% of experts reported at least 1 FCOI. Eight out of 21 recommendations presented potential FCOIs. Experts with conflicts recused themselves from discussing 6 of the 8 recommendations, leaving a majority of nonconflicted discussants (median, 22; range, 19 to 26) for the 6 recommendations. Recusals did not affect voting outcomes but may have diluted the richness of the discussions. Ethics dialogue revealed accord on transparency but underscored challenges to proportional management of COIs beyond basic disclosure. Concerns about bias, COI definitions, expertise, and integrity express important international ethics questions. Limitation: Small participant numbers and application of the framework to only 1 meeting of 1 CPG. Conclusion: An ethics framework may help to identify and manage COIs and catalyze both ethics dialogue and innovative COI standards that seek to balance impartiality and expertise for trusted CPGs. Optimal balancing remains contested. Recommendations include frameworks, interdisciplinary analysis, and international policy initiatives to better manage COIs in the CPG process. Primary Funding Source: Canadian Association of Gastroenterology; European Association for Gastroenterology and Endoscopy; Asian Pacific Society of Digestive Endoscopy; and Institute of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Want the world to know? Publish here.
Authors: Ushma Savla, John Hawley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Recent recommendations by the governments of the United Kingdom and the United States support the notion that government-funded research should be published in free-access journals. The JCI supports these recommendations, and we remind our readers that all JCI articles are deposited in PubMed Central for completely free access from the day they are published.
A8.5 Comparison of the effects of TH17 and TH1 cells on endothelial cells and synoviocytes
Authors: Arnaud Hot, Fabien Lavocat, Laura Maggi, Francesco Annunziato, Pierre Miossec
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Interaction between different types of T-cells and surrounding non-hematopoietic cells is essential for the proper function of the immune system. Here, we focus on the synoviocytes from RA patients and Endothelial Cells (EC) and compare their interaction with Th1 and Th17 cells. <h3>Methods</h3> To assess the interaction of T cells with stromal cells, the effects of Th1 or Th17 cytokines, Th1 or Th17 clone supernatant and coculture of Th clones and stromal cells were analysed. HUVEC (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells) were used as a model for EC and synoviocytes were isolated from synovium from RA patients. CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, derived from PBMCs of healthy donors, were used to obtain T-cell clones. CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell clones were classified on the basis of their ability to produce IFN-γ and/or IL-17. T cell clones were polyclonally stimulated with <b>α</b>CD3/CD28. Cytokine mRNA expression was assessed with RT-PCR and production in supernatants by ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> As previously described, IL-17A and TNF-α had a synergistic effect for both cells. Moreover, a stronger induction for IL-6 production was seen for synoviocytes compared to EC (1005 ± 22 pg/ml vs. 250 ± 15 ng/ml respectively, p = 0.003). Supernatants from inactivated Th1 or th17 clones had no effect on EC. Regarding the synoviocytes, supernatants from inactivated clones induced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA with a stronger effect for Th17 cells (1000 fold vs. 100 fold compare to resting synoviocytes, p = 0.045). While activated Th1 supernatants had a strong effect on EC and increased the expression of IL-6, IL-8, E-selectin, and tissue factor mRNA (98,12, 89 fold respectively, compare to control, p = 0.0002), Th17 supernatants had no effect. Th1 cells were more potent inducers of IL-6, IL-8 and Tissue factor mRNA in EC than Th17 which had no significant effect (5, 12.5, 7.5 fold compare to control, p = 0.04). Th17 cells were most effective to stimulate IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression in synoviocytes compared to Th1 (100 fold vs 24 for IL-6 mRNA fold, p = 0.027). Anti-IL-17 antibody reduced IL-6 production from 20.0 ± 4.5 ng/mL to 13.2- ± 3.9 ng/ml (p = 0.032) in synoviocytes cultured with Th17 clones. <h3>Conclusion</h3> While Th1 cells were able to induce inflammatory cytokine expression in EC and synoviocytes, Th17 cells were only active to promote inflammation in inflammatory cells such as synoviocytes. The effect of IL-17 producing cells appears to depend of IL-17 and the type of stromal cells.
Reflected reentry in nonhomogeneous ventricular muscle as a mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias.
Authors: G J Rozanski, J Jalifé, G K Moe
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Arrhythmogenesis in ventricular muscle exhibiting nonhomogeneous excitability was studied in isolated tissues from feline and canine hearts. Longitudinal bundles were mounted in a three-chambered bath and simultaneous transmembrane recordings were obtained from fibers in each chamber. Nonhomogeneous excitability was established by depressing only the central segment (1 to 2 mm wide) with high-K+ Tyrode's solution, which induced discontinuity of propagation associated with step delays mediated by electrotonic current flowing through the depressed zone. When transmission delays were long, activity distal to the site of block returned to proximal tissue as one of two forms of reflected reentry, each elicited by a different mechanism. Type I reflection, occurring with antegrade delays of 30 to 60 msec, was characterized by an early secondary depolarization due to electrotonic spread of currents from delayed responses in the depressed segment. Type II reflection evolved with delays greater than 90 msec and was manifest as a closely coupled regenerative action potential that developed independently of a pacemaker mechanism and of slow but continuous conduction. We conclude that delayed activation of excitable elements, which occurs when propagation is discontinuous, may lead to rhythm disturbances of focal origin that are mediated by electrotonic interactions across a zone of depressed tissue.
Periconceptional Folic Acid and Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Robert J. Berry, Krista S. Crider, Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetic Analysis of the Mammalian Transforming Growth Factor-β Superfamily
Authors: Hua Chang, Chester W. Brown, Martin M. Matzuk
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2002)

Members of the TGF-β superfamily, which includes TGF-βs, growth differentiation factors, bone morphogenetic proteins, activins, inhibins, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, are synthesized as prepropeptide precursors and then processed and secreted as homodimers or heterodimers. Most ligands of the family signal through transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors and SMAD proteins to regulate cellular functions. Many studies have reported the characterization of knockout and knock-in transgenic mice as well as humans or other mammals with naturally occurring genetic mutations in superfamily members or their regulatory proteins. These investigations have revealed that TGF-β superfamily ligands, receptors, SMADs, and upstream and downstream regulators function in diverse developmental and physiological pathways. This review attempts to collate and integrate the extensive body of in vivo mammalian studies produced over the last decade.
TCT-564 Biodegradable-Polymer Biolimus Eluting Stents Show Better Antiproliferative Efficacy And Vascular Healing Pattern Than Permanent-Polymer Paclitaxel Eluting Stents in a Preclinical Coronary Model
Authors: Armando Pérez de Prado, Claudia Pérez-Martínez, Alejandro Diego, José Manuel Gonzalo-Orden, Carlos Cuellas, Marta Regueiro, Beatriz Martínez-Fernández, Jose M. Ajenjo, Maria J. Garcia-Iglesias, Felipe Fernández-Vázquez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Bone tissue response to biodegradable polymers used for intra medullary fracture fixation: A long-term in vivo study in sheep femora
Authors: M. van der Elst, C.P.A.T. Klein, J.M. de Blieck-Hogervorst, P. Patka, H.J.Th.M. Haarman
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)
Highly aggressive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with t(8;14)(q24;q11): extensive genetic characterization and achievement of early molecular remission and long-term survival in an adult patient
Authors: M Parolini, C Mecucci, C Matteucci, U Giussani, T Intermesoli, M Tosi, A Rambaldi, R Bassan
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Highly aggressive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with t(8;14)(q24;q11): extensive genetic characterization and achievement of early molecular remission and long-term survival in an adult patient
Premature Delivery in Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Authors: H. B. Watson, V. M. Crosse, W. L. F. Hatchuel
Journal: BMJ (1954)

ELDERLY PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTSMEDITfISH 679reactions, or long-standing personality disorders, or dementing illnesses is possible.It is useful in allowing us to con- centrate our limited facilities for active treatment on the patients most likely to benefit.But classifying our patients with a view to "disposal" does not mean that we subscribe to a watertight system of disease entities, or assume that affective illness precludes insidious organic dementia.The fact that active treatment was advised in 17 patients belong- ing to groups thought to be therapeutically unrewarding indicates that we have not been using our three types rigidly, but merely as points of orientation.To an increasing extent we are attempting to treat elderly patients as out- patients whenever possible.Apart from the obvious ad- vantages, this furnishes us in doubtful cases with a period of observation during which to assess the relative importance in the individual patient of irreversible dementia, lifelong or long-standing personality disorder, or of affective, and thus mostly reversible, reaction.Summary Of 192 patients over 60 attending consecutively for psychiatric consultation at an out-patient clinic, 188 were allocated to one of three clinical groups: (a) organic psychoses of old age; (b) long-standing neurotic, psychbtic, or character disorders; and (c) affective illnesses of recent onset.Corresponding re- commendations for their treatment were made.The status of the patients 12-18 months later demon- strated that these categories had been useful pointers towards making prognostic assessments and recom- mendations for treatment.The assumption was supported that affective illnesses in aged patients show a favourable immediate response to active treatment.
Serum gastrin in duodenal ulcer: Part II Effect of insulin hypoglycaemia
Authors: J. Hansky, M. G. Korman, D. J. Cowley, J. H. Baron
Journal: Gut (1971)

Serum gastrin has been measured by radioimmunoassay in normal subjects and patients with proven duodenal ulcer in response to insulin hypoglycaemia in conjunction with manoeuvres to decrease the intragastric acidity. Insulin hypoglycaemia alone caused a rise in the serum gastrin level from 5 ± 1·0 to 49 ± 2·9 pg/ml in duodenal ulcer and from 17 ± 5·6 to 42 ± 7·7 pg/ml in normals. With complete intragastric neutralization of acid and the same stimulus, the rise in duodenal ulcer was from 5 ± 1·3 to 128 ± 13·6 pg/ml and in normals from 13 ± 2·6 to 84 ± 2·6 pg/ml. These studies suggest an increased production rate of gastrin in response to vagal stimulation in duodenal ulcer, and indicate the precise role of acid inhibition in the control of gastrin release and support the concept of both an increased `G cell9 mass and parietal cell mass in duodenal ulcer. They have also offered an explanation of the variable vagal stimulation of gastrin release in normal subjects.
Vision Screening to Detect Refractive ErrorVision Screening to Detect Refractive Error
Authors: Yasmin Bradfield
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Jody Fay Leone, BAppSci(Orth)Hons; Paul Mitchell, MD, PhD, FRANZCO; Ian George Morgan, PhD; Annette Kifley, MBBS, MAppStat; Kathryn Ailsa Rose, PhDObjective: To detect significant refractive error in a population-based random cluster sample of 12-year-old schoolchildren by using sensitivity and specificity of uncorrected visual acuity (VA).Methods: The Sydney Myopia Study randomly selected 21 secondary schools stratified by socioeconomic status. All year 7 students (mean age, 12.7 years) were invited to participate. We tested VA monocularly, unaided at 2.44 m, using a retroilluminated logMAR chart. Cycloplegic autorefraction (induced with instillation of cyclopentolate hydrochloride, 1%) was used to define clinically significant refractive error as a spherical equivalent of −1.00 diopters (D) or less for myopia; at least +2.00 D for hyperopia; and −1.00 D or less cylinder power for astigmatism.Results: Data for both eyes were pooled for a total of 4497 observations. The sensitivity and specificity for all clinically significant refractive errors at the best VA cutoff level of 53 letters (6/6<sub>−2</sub>) were 72.2% and 93.3%, respectively. Myopia had the highest sensitivity and specificity of any of the refractive errors for detection using VA (97.8% and 97.1%, respectively, for a 45-letter VA cutoff [6/9.5]). The best VA cutoffs for hyperopia and astigmatism were 57 (6/6<sub>+2</sub>) and 55 (6/6) letters, respectively, with sensitivities of 69.2% and 77.4%, respectively, and specificities of 58.1% and 75.4%, respectively.Conclusions: In this adolescent group, a VA cutoff of 6/9.5 or less detects myopic refractive error reliably. However, there is no reliable VA cutoff for clinically significant hyperopia or astigmatism. Improved VA screening methods are required to improve detection of these conditions. Even so, with the methods described herein, the prevalence of uncorrected VA may provide a reasonably accurate estimate of the prevalence of myopia.
Abstract 3586: Epigenetic influence on ethnic disparities in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lela E. Buckingham, Marin Sekosan, Karen Ferrar, Emira Hadziahmetovic, Thomas Lad
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract African Americans are more likely to develop lung cancer and die from it than any other ethnic group. Complex biological, environmental, political and cultural factors contribute to this disparity. The purpose of the current project is to examine the relationship between epigenetic factors, gender, ethnicity and outcome in a retrospective study of patients with surgically-treated early stage lung cancer. Fixed primary tumor tissues from a private (RMC) and a public (JHS-CCH) institution were analyzed in this study. The RMC group consisted of 132 patients with stage Ib, IIa and IIb NSCLC, 22% African-American (AA) and 52% female. The JHS-CCH group consisted of 88 patients, 62% AA and 43% female. Five year survival was achieved by 85% of women vs 67% of men in the RMC group (Chi square p=0.022). 68% of Caucasians vs 53% AA survived five years in the RMC group (p=0.186). To investigate the role of epigenetic influences on survival, promoter methylation of Ras association domain family protein 1, RASSF1A, was investigated. Associations between inactivation of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor and poor outcome in lung and other cancers have been reported in several studies. Promoter methylation was quantified using pyrosequencing. Percent methylation of RASSF1 at cytosine position –36 (A of ATG=+1) was more frequent in AA (41% of cases) than in Caucasians (20% of cases) in the RMC group (p=0.023) compared to 69% of cases in the JHS-CCH group. Methylation levels of RASSF1 at all CpG sites tested were higher in the JHS-CCH group than in the RMC group. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed on dichotomized hypermethylation status compared to five-year survival (5YS). Promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1 was significantly associated with shortened 5YS in AA (p=0.005), compared to Caucasians (p=0.197) in the RMC group. Although 5YS was marginally shortened with hypermethylation of RASSF1 in men in the RMC group (p=0.123), no significant effects were seen with regard to gender. These results suggest that biomarkers can have differential effects, based on genetic background and support analysis of epigenetic biomarkers to address disparities and develop more personalized treatment strategies for individual patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3586. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3586
Effects of Right and Left Cardiosympathetic Nerve Stimulation on Blood Flow in the Major Coronary Arteries of the Anaesthetized Dog
Authors: G. Ross, D. G. Mulder
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Journal Article Effects of Right and Left Cardiosympathetic Nerve Stimulation on Blood Flow in the Major Coronary Arteries of the Anaesthetized Dog Get access Gordon Ross, Gordon Ross From the Departments of Physiology and Thoracic Surgery, U.C.L.A. School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald G. Mulder Donald G. Mulder From the Departments of Physiology and Thoracic Surgery, U.C.L.A. School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 3, Issue 1, January 1969, Pages 22–29, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/3.1.22 Published: 01 January 1969 Article history Received: 22 April 1968 Published: 01 January 1969