tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oxygen tension regulates the expression of the platelet-derived growth factor-B chain gene in human endothelial cells.
Authors: S Kourembanas, R L Hannan, D V Faller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Hypoxic states are associated with abnormal proliferation and constriction of the smooth muscle cells surrounding the distal vessels of the lung. In hypoxic as well as in normal states, the endothelial cell layer may play a key role in controlling smooth muscle tone by secreting a number of vasoactive agents. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), produced by endothelial cells, is a major growth factor for vascular smooth muscle cells and a powerful vasoconstrictor. It consists of a disulfide-linked dimer of two related peptides, A and B, that are products of two different genes. We found that hypoxic conditions (0-3% oxygen environments) significantly increased PDGF-B mRNA in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells by enhancing the transcriptional rate of this gene. This increase was inversely proportional to oxygen tension and was reversible upon reexposure of cells to a 21% oxygen atmosphere. mRNA levels of PDGF-A were not affected nor was the overall rate of cellular gene transcription increased in response to hypoxia. These studies indicate that endothelial cells are not only capable of sensing oxygen tension, but are also able to discriminate and respond to even small differences in oxygen tension resulting in dramatic upregulation of the PDGF-B chain gene.
Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided liver abscess drainage using a dedicated, wide, fully covered self-expandable metallic stent with flared-ends
Authors: Hiroshi Kawakami, Kazumichi Kawakubo, Masaki Kuwatani, Yoshimasa Kubota, Yoko Abe, Shuhei Kawahata, Kimitoshi Kubo, Naoya Sakamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided drainage of liver abscesses has recently become available. We present here a case of successful drainage of a liver abscess using a dedicated wide fully covered self-expandable metallic stent (FCSEMS) with flared ends.
MASSIVE COLLAPSE OF THE LUNG COMPLICATING HAEMOPTYSIS
Authors: J. Mindline
Journal: BMJ (1935)

of recognizing three types of bacterial flora, or three grades (I, II, and III) of " cleanliness " (Reinheitsgrad).In Grade I there is a homogeneous bacterial flora of Doderlein's bacillus, occasionally accompanied by yeasts, and a highly acid (pH 4 to 4.4), whitish, cheesy secretion consisting of desquamated vaginal epithelium (Fig. 1 on Plate).Grade III, corresponding to D6derlein's patho- logical flora, contains several types of bacteria, such as diphtheroids, enterococci, staphylocccci, vibrios, and coliform bacilli, and is accompanied by a less acid and even alkaline discharge (pH 5.6 to 7.6) (Fig. 2 on Plate).Grade II is intermediate between these two, Doderlein's bacillus being present in association' with one or more other bacterial types, while the pH of the secreticn usually varies from 4.6 to 5.6.The vaginal wall may show evidence of inflammation.The cervix should then be inspected for the presence of erosion, ulceration, laceration, or ectropion of the lips.When the cervix is infected a smear should be made and examined for the presence of gonococci.A careful bimanual pelvic examination will give information as to the condition of the uterus, tubes, and ovaries.Only when other causes can be excluded and an intrauterine cause suspected should the cervix be dilated and the uterus curetted.
Abstract 5544: <i>ASPM</i> is a novel participant in DNA double-strand break repair and a potential target for radiotherapy
Authors: Akira Fujimori, Takamitsu Kato
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Comprehensive serach for human cellular response to ionizing radiation (IR) is indispensable strategy to understand the molecular basis under tumor radiotherapy. In a previous study using HiCEP, we found that ASPM (Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated) or the most common-type microcephaly (MCPH5) gene is selectively down-regulated by IR. Here we first demonstrate that down-regulation of ASPM by siRNA synergistically enhanced radiosensitivity in some immortalized human cell lines. Both constant-field gel electrophoresis and gamma-H2AX foci assay exhibited impaired DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) in the cells treated with the siRNA. Greater extent of chromosomal instability was also common in the treated cells than untreated control. Getting together, ASPM (MCPH5) is a novel participant in the DNA double-strand break repair pathways. Although roles of microcephalins (MCPH1, pericentrin, ATR) have recently been proposed on DNA damage repair and check point regulation, this is the first report on ASPM. In clinical aspects, ASPM would be a promising target for the future cancer treatment as well as a useful biomarker in the prognostic strategy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5544.
Disinfected mail; historical review and tentative listing of cachets, handstamp markings, wax seals, wafer seals and manuscript certifications alphabetically arranged according to countries
Authors: John A. Mirt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The title fails to do justice to the variety of information on medical history the book contains. It presents interesting reading for bacteriologists, public health and medical historians, sociologists, and political scientists, as well as philatelists. Dr. Meyer, professor of experimental pathology, emeritus, at the University of California School of Medicine, with the aid of foreign collaborators, has done thorough research in epidemics going back to the Middle Age. He points out that the spread of infectious diseases followed mail and trade routes. It was natural that disinfection of mail—though today known to be ineffective—was to follow. The Soviet-controlled regime in East Germany, as late as 1955, used the idea as propaganda in a district where there was an outbreak of paratyphoid fever. Americans were accused of using the mail as a means of bacterial warfare. The book is profusely illustrated with disinfected mail markings and cancellations. An excellent index
Cytotoxicity and therapeutic effect of irinotecan combined with selenium nanoparticles
Authors: Fuping Gao, Qing Yuan, Liang Gao, Pengju Cai, Huarui Zhu, Ru Liu, Yaling Wang, Yueteng Wei, Guodong Huang, Jian Liang, Xueyun Gao
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Treatment of a patient with end‐stage renal disease with Rituximab: Pharmacokinetic evaluation suggests Rituximab is not eliminated by hemodialysis
Authors: Anand P. Jillella, Paul M. Dainer, Andre M. Kallab, Celalettin Ustun
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine if therapeutic levels of Rituximab could be achieved in a patient with renal failure being dialyzed and if Rituximab is removed by hemodialysis. A 54‐year‐old man with low‐grade lymphoma and renal failure on hemodialysis received 8 weekly treatments of Rituximab at 375 mg/M 2 . Serum Rituximab levels were obtained before and after each treatment, before and after dialysis following each treatment, as well as in the dialysate fluid. The serum levels of Rituximab increased gradually with each treatment and were comparable to levels in patients with normal renal function. The postdialysis levels were higher than the predialysis levels as a consequence of hemo‐concentration after dialysis. Rituximab was not detected in the dialysate fluid. The patient developed life‐threatening hyperkalemia after the fourth treatment, which we believe occurred secondary to tumor lysis. Therapeutic levels of Rituximab may be maintained in patients undergoing dialysis. Rituximab is not eliminated by hemodialysis. Am. J. Hematol. 71:219–222, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abstract 3813: Metabolites as biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Sham S. Kakar, Miranda Y. Fong
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the most lethal malignancy of the female reproductive track, mainly due to a lack of a reliable detection method during the early stages of this disease when it is most treatable. Currently, most cases of ovarian cancer are detected at stage IV due to a lack of symptoms. As current detection methods identify 50-60% of early stage ovarian cancer, it is important to identify novel biomarkers that are both specific and sensitive. In this study, we compared the comprehensive metabolic profile in normal, primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and metastatic tumors resulting from primary ovarian cancer (MOC) using gas chromatograph mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) or liquid chromatograph mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). Despite a small sample size, we were able to detect significant changes in energy utilization, shifting from oxidative phosphorylation to fatty acid utilization marked by increases in several fatty acids and carnitine metabolism_such as carnitine, acetylcarnitine, and propionylcartine _and by increases in fatty acid metabolism. EOC and MOC also displayed an enhanced oxidative stress response as indicated by increases in 2-aminobutyrate, phenylpyruvate, phenyllactate (PLA), and several isoforms of tocopherols. By using this method, we have also identified novel metabolites in the ovary, specifically N-acetylasparate (NAA) and N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), for which a biological function has yet to be determined. Using these findings, potential biomarkers can be identified for both preliminary cancer diagnosis and metastatic disease progression. Supported by NCI CA 124630 (SSK). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3813. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3813
Toward the Monophyly of Haeckel's Radiolaria: 18S rRNA Environmental Data Support the Sisterhood of Polycystinea and Acantharea
Authors: Purificación López-García, Francisco Rodríguez-Valera, David Moreira
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

In 1887, Ernst Haeckel published a monumental and amazingly illustrated monograph describing several thousand different radiolarian species, which had been collected during the 4-year journey (1872–1876) of the British oceanographic corvette H.M.S. Challenger (Haeckel 1887). Radiolaria consist of diverse marine planktonic protists, mostly unicellular, usually endowed with complex, conspicuous mineral skeletons. Haeckel applied the term Radiolaria to three different groups: Acantharea, Polycystinea (Spumellaria and Nassellaria), and Phaeodarea. All of them are united by the possession of a central capsule defining an intracapsular and an extracapsular region in the cytoplasm, and some of them, (all Acantharea and several Spumellaria), also by the ability to secrete strontium sulfate (SrSO4) (Anderson 1983). This led some contemporary authors to classify, as Haeckel did one century ago, Acantharea, Polycystinea, and Phaeodarea within a common group (Cavalier-Smith 1987). Nevertheless, a recent study based on the phylogenetic analysis of small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) sequences challenged this view and supported the early emergence of Polycystines before Acantharea (Zettler, Sogin, and Caron 1997). This would render Haeckel’s Radiolaria polyphyletic and inappropriate as a taxonomic entity. We present here a phylogenetic analysis, including new Polycystineaand Acantharea-related 18S rRNA sequences retrieved from an oceanic environmental genomic library (500 m depth, Antarctic Polar Front). Our study strongly supports the monophyly of both groups, which constitutes a first piece of evidence for the legitimacy of Radiolaria sensu Haeckel as a valid taxon. During a recent study on the 18S rRNA gene–based diversity of small protists (0.2–5 mm fraction) inhabiting deep Antarctic waters (250–3,000 m depth), we retrieved a sequence close to the Acantharea (DH147EKD17, see fig. 1) from 2,000 m depth (Lopez-Garcia et al. 2001). Three additional acantharean environmental sequences were determined from surface waters (75 m depth) in the equatorial Pacific by other authors (Moonvan der Staay, De Wachter, and Vaulot 2001). To complement our previous PCR-based study avoiding possible amplification-induced biases (Wintzingerode, Gobel, and Stackerbrandt 1997; Polz and Cavanaugh 1998), we
1095-206 Pregnancy in women with corrected tetralogy of fallot
Authors: Jiska M Meijer, Els P.G Pieper, Adriaan A Voors, Jolien W Roos-Hesselink, Arie P.J van Dijk, Tjark Ebels, Barbara J.M Mulder, Dirk J van Veldhuisen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Unilateral Renal Disease in Hypertension
Authors: C. Hardwick, A. W. Badenoch
Journal: BMJ (1947)

UNILATERAL RENAL DISEASE IN HYPERTENSIONMEDITISURNAL 293classified as lobar pneumonia and four as bronchopneumonia.The predominating organisms were pneumococci and a mixed catarrhal flora.The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 87 years (two cases), with an average of 50 years.There were fifteen recoveries and two deaths.One of the two fatal cases, a man of 45, was admitted in a semi-conscious cond.tion with severe toxaemia and congestive cardiac failure.He died within eighteen hours of admission after receiving two injections of 250,000 units of penicillin.The second fatal case, a man of 87, died on the seventh day of treatment from congestive cardiac failure, with auricular fibrillation and arteriosclerotic myocardial degeneration, after an initial apparent response to therapy.The fifteen patients who recovered all showed an excellent response to penicillin treatment.The temperature and pulse fell by crisis, and there was a great improvement in the clinical condition with loss of toxaemia in an average of thirty-six hours from the beginning of treatment.The average duration of stay in hospital of these patients was fourteen days.My thanks are due to Dr. B. Gottlieb, senior resident physician at St. Alfege's Hospital, for the invaluable help he has given me in preparing this paper, and to many other members of the medical staff who have assisted in the treatment of these patients.I am grateful to Dr. E. N. Allott, of the Lewisham Group Laboratory, for his generous co-operation and advice, which have meant so much to us in developing penicillin treat- ment.Finally, I would thank Mr. White, the chief pharmacist
A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne
Authors: J.K.L. Tan, K. Bhate
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Acne is estimated to affect 9·4% of the global population, making it the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that acne is most common in postpubescent teens, with boys most frequently affected, particularly with more severe forms of the disease. This paper aims to provide an update on the epidemiology of acne worldwide. Recent general and institutional studies from around the world have shown that the prevalence of acne is broadly consistent globally (with the exception of specific populations, which are discussed). However, this review highlights that there is a wide range of disparate outcome measures being applied in epidemiology studies, and we emphasize the need to develop a widely accepted, credible, standard assessment scale to address this in the future. In addition we discuss special populations, such as those devoid of acne, as well as the impact of potential determinants of acne on disease epidemiology.
INSULIN RESISTANCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY AND ACCELERATES THE RISK OF PROGRESSION TO DIABETES IN NON DIABETIC HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Mohapradeep Mohan, Harshal Deshmukh, Fatima Baig, Rutherford Lynn, Douglas Elder, nna Maria Choy, Chim Lang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Restoration of Function After Brain Injury
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Originally published in Moscow in 1948, this monograph was translated by Basil Haigh and edited by Prof O. L. Zangwill. That it should only now be made available speaks for the difficulties in arranging for translations, copyrights, and royalties. It is one whose content should have been made available years ago for those in the difficult field of mental and psychological rehabilitation wherein work continues to be so empirical. Although brain tissues cannot regenerate, brain function is highly adaptable, and there is no doubt that some functions are restored after brain injury. One view is that these are functions only temporarily put out of commission by shock. Reversal of inhibited functions ("deinhibition") may occur spontaneously, by injection of 1 cc of 1:1,000 or 1:2,000 neostigmine methysulfate (Prostigmine Methylsulfate) solution, and by changing mental orientation through various types of psychotherapy, chiefly suggestion. Another view is that some functional systems of the
Herpes: Cause and Control
Authors: George J. Pazin
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This book is intended to provide a concerned public and inquisitive patients with information and understanding about herpes simplex virus infections, particularly genital herpes. However, numerous inaccuracies and misleading statements, which are difficult for readers to recognize, make this book unsuitable. When dealing with genital herpes, misinformation is worse than no information. Some of the more important errors should be discussed. For example, paragraph 3 in chapter 6 entitled "How Did I Get It?" matter-of-factly states, "The Herpes virus Type 2 enters our bodies at approximately the time of puberty. Most authorities feel this occurs at the age of 8 to 14 years." Actually, type 2 herpes is acquired when a person has skin-to-skin contact with another person who has the virus present on his or her skin surface and transmission occurs. Almost invariably, this occurs during sexual contact and may occur at puberty, during adolescence, young adulthood, middle age,
Differential localization of atrial natriuretic peptide and skeletal alpha-actin messenger RNAs in left ventricular myocytes of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Masato Tanaka, Michiaki Hiroe, Hiroshi Ito, Toshio Nishikawa, Susumu Adachi, Kazutaka Aonuma, Fumiaki Marumo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
TRANYLCYPROMINE (PARNATE) A NEW MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR
Authors: FREDERICK LEMERE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1960)

Preliminary clinical experience indicates that tranylcypromine (Parnate) is an improved type of monoamine oxidase inhibitor that appears to be more rapid in its action, effective in smaller doses (1 to 3 tablets a day–usually one tablet b. i. d.) and relatively free of side effects. It is indicated for treatment of any type of depression and sometimes for withdrawn schizophrenic patients.
Improving the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nicotine Dependence
Authors: Jack E. Henningfield
Journal: JAMA (1988)

The study by Killen and colleagues<sup>1</sup>published in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of nicotine dependence. Their findings extend those of the Surgeon General<sup>2</sup>and indicate that level of nicotine dependence is a determinant of the severity of withdrawal symptoms and difficulty in quitting smoking. These kinds of observations are shared with other drug dependencies. Killen and colleagues compared a variety of measures of nicotine withdrawal symptoms and smoking cessation difficulty in light and heavy smokers in a treatment study. Whether the person smoked fewer than 16 cigarettes per day or more than 24 cigarettes per day accounted for approximately 80% of the variance in severity of withdrawal symptoms; these cutoff values were indicative of weak or strong withdrawal symptoms, respectively. Factors such as the number of years a person had smoked, the age at which he or she started, the nicotine
Atlas of Urologic Surgery
Authors: Bernard R. Sears
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This is a sound, comprehensive atlas. The drawings are numerous, precise, large, and supported by lucid textural exposition. Dr. Roen covers the entire field of genitourinary surgery, excepting only renal transplantation, correction of renal hypertension, and cystoscopic manipulation for ureteral stone. However, so much material is provided that these deliberate omissions appear of no moment. Dr. Roen has taken care to present variant techniques and to give uncommon and minor procedures their due. This book is excellent for demonstrations to students and can render good service on the operating room bookshelf. The galling thing about an atlas is that it is not a textbook. The form interdicts elaboration. One wishes that the author would make the book more personal, that he would indicate and explain preference, show his technical style, and relate the helpful maneuvers and lessons learned from experience. These remarks would be irrelevant were it not for the
Acute liver necrosis following overdose of paracetamol.
Authors: D. G. Davidson, W. N. Eastham
Journal: BMJ (1966)

A woman aged 30, an inmate of a mental institution, was admitted to hospital two hours after ingesting at least 50 paracetamol tablets. She had been discovered while still swallowing some of the drug, and gastric lavage was carried out almost immediately. She had been under psychiatric care since adolescence and had received various drug therapies. Currently she was taking nortriptyline, 25 mg. three times a day. She had been taking barbiturates as hypnotics for many years. In the past she had been treated with chlorpromazine and amitriptyline.
US health insurance firm settles class action lawsuit brought by 900 000 doctors
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The government has admitted that it will have to wait years before it discovers whether there are real productivity gains from the new consultants' contract.NHS leaders also told the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts last week that lessons had been learnt from mistakes made when the contract was introduced, such as not piloting it before implementation.They were giving evidence as part of the committee's inquiry into the consultants' contract.The session was prompted by the publication earlier this month of a report from the government's
Hemoptysis With Flow-Directed Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Eugene S. Lapin
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Development of the flow-directed, balloon-tipped cardiac catheter (Swan-Ganz) has made possible the measurement of pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery wedge pressures during diagnostic cardiac catheterization and during monitoring of patients in intensive care units. 1 Reported complications have been rare, 1-3 however, the potential for serious complication still exists.  In this case, significant hemoptysis and pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage were associated with pulmonary artery catheterization by a flow-directed, balloon-tipped catheter.  Report of a Case.—  A 59-year-old woman with rheumatic heart disease which had required mitral commissurotomy in 1962, and mitral and tricuspid annuloplasties in March 1971 was hospitalized for evaluation of unremitting, severe congestive heart failure in the postoperative period. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated pulmonary hypertension, but insignificant mitral or tricuspid regurgitation. At the time of catheterization it was impossible to measure directly a mitral-valve gradient. Because heart failure was unexplained by this procedure, right atrium catheterization with a
Lodging of an Embolus in a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: FABIAN J. ROBINSON
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A 77 year old man developed severe chest pain and collapsed seven days after prostatectomy and died three days later. Necropsy revealed thrombosis of right femoral vein, complete embolic obstruction of the primary branches of the pulmonary artery, and an embolus, 10 cm. long and 0.5 cm. in diameter, lodged in the foramen ovale. Although no systemic arterial emboli were found, it can be readily seen how such emboli could have developed.