tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unexploded ordnance threatens Lebanese population, says UN
Authors: John Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Thousands of items of unexploded ordnance, in particular cluster munitions, pose a serious threat to the war torn population of Lebanon and are killing and injuring civilians daily. This is the warning of the United Nation's humanitarian coordinator in Lebanon, David Shearer.

Since the ceasefire, one person is killed and three people are injured a day by ordnance of all types, Mr Shearer said.

As of 30 August, a total of 61 people had been affected by ordnance, …
An Indorsement of Governor Pennypacker by Philippine Islands Medical Association.
Authors: R. E. L. Newberne
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Manila, P. I., July 12, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —By direction of the Committee on Public Policy and Legislation of the Philippine Islands Medical Association, I have the honor to forward a copy of a resolution tendering a vote of thanks to Governor Pennypacker of Pennsylvania for the service which he has rendered the medical profession of the world and the people of his state in withholding his signature from the bill passed by the legislature to legalize and regulate the practice of osteopathy in Pennsylvania. Governor Pennypacker has evidently given the subject of class legislation more study than is usually bestowed on it by chief executives, as is shown by his clear understanding of those principles of ethics and justice for which the medical profession has always stood. He could have rendered his people no greater service than that which has been accomplished by his veto which may truly
The Icelandic database---do modern times need modern sagas?
Authors: R. Chadwick
Journal: BMJ (1999)

On 17 December 1998, as a result of legislation instigated by deCODE genetics, a Delaware biotechnology company working in Reykjavik, the Icelandic parliament adopted a law making it legal for a private company to construct an electronic database of the country's health records.1 deCODE has received an exclusive licence to build a database of Iceland's medical records (including diagnoses and test results, treatments and side effects) and will be able to combine and analyse these with genetic and genealogical data. The act also grants deCODE exclusive rights to commercial exploitation of the database for 12 years. Accordingly, deCODE has entered into a (non-exclusive) arrangement with Hoffmann-La Roche which gives the latter company access to the database for the purpose of researching the genetic origins of 12 common diseases.

#### Summary points

The government of Iceland has granted an exclusive licence to deCODE genetics to construct a database of the country's health records

Debate about issues of informed consent, privacy, scientific freedom, benefit, and commercial monopoly is vigorous

The question at issue is whether the rules being applied to the database can deal with the issues raised

A debate that focuses on traditional principles risks ignoring new challenges brought about by advances in medical technology

If the role of commercialism is to be assessed and defined appropriately, benefits to the individual and to public health need to be articulated clearly

The debate before and after the bill on Iceland's proposed database has been vigorous. Sigurdur Gudmundsson, Iceland's surgeon general, was quoted in the New Yorker as saying, “I don't think this country can just sit here and say, ‘Nope, sorry, we are going to stand on rules that existed in a different era for a different world.’”2 But are the rules being applied to the database able to address adequately the issues …
Exploring the medical humanities
Authors: M. Evans, D. Greaves
Journal: BMJ (1999)

> When we read alone and for pleasure, our defences are down—and we hide nothing from the great characters of fiction. In our consulting rooms, and on the ward, we so often do our best to hide everything, beneath the white coat, or the avuncular bedside manner. So often, a professional detachment is all that is left after all those years inured to the foibles, fallacies and frictions of our patients' tragic lives. It is at the point where art and medicine collide, that doctors can re-attach themselves to the human race and re-feel those emotions which motivate or terrify our patients…. Every contact with patients has an ethical and artistic dimension, as well as a technical one.1

This vivid urging that doctors embrace the “point where art and medicine collide” proclaims both the now familiar ethical dimension of the clinical encounter and also a more recently acknowledged creative or “artistic” one. This recognition is welcome as far as it goes, but focusing on the resensitising of medical practitioners risks overlooking the possibility that …
Benjamin Burrows, MD, 1927–2002
Authors: D.S. Postma, N. Pride, G. Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Benjamin Burrows, for many years Chalfant­Moore Professor of Medicine at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson, AZ, USA, has recently died. At the age of only 20 he obtained his MD degree at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA. After residencies and service in the US Air Force, he joined the faculty of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA, where he rapidly established his international reputation as an investigator of obstructive diseases of the airways and was promoted to Associate Professor at a young age.

In the early 1960s, intrigued by the striking contrasts in prevalence and labelling between British “chronic bronchitis” and American “emphysema”, he established a study with Charles Fletcher and Norman Jones comparing patients in Hammersmith, London, and Chicago. This study showed that …
Leptin and the obesity hypoventilation syndrome: a leap of faith?
Authors: M Fitzpatrick
Journal: Thorax (2002)

A possible role for leptin or its analogues in the treatment of the obesity hypoventilation syndrome

The discovery of the anti-obesity hormone leptin (the name is derived from the Greek “leptos” meaning “thin”), the product of the ob gene,1 has fuelled a recent surge of interest in the mechanisms regulating mammalian fat stores. Leptin, a 16 kD protein of 167 amino acids with a similar crystal structure to cytokines,2 is produced primarily by white adipose tissue.3 The hormone elicits appetite suppression and weight loss.4,5 Leptin circulates in the plasma in the free and protein bound forms. Circulating plasma leptin levels reflect the amount of energy storage in adipose tissue and increase exponentially with increasing fat mass.6 Plasma leptin levels also respond to short term energy imbalance, increasing during periods of overfeeding and decreasing with fasting.7,8 The hormone activates specific receptors9 located at several sites throughout the brain, but plays a key role at the hypothalamus, in particular, where it alters the expression of several hypothalamic neuropeptides.10,11 One of these, neuropeptide Y (NPY), is a potent stimulator of food intake and activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Leptin inhibits synthesis of hypothalamic NPY and downregulation of NPY is associated with appetite suppression, increased sympathetic nervous system outflow, and increased energy expenditure.12 Increasing leptin levels activate the thyroid hormone, gonadal, and growth hormone axes and suppress the pituitary-adrenal axis.13 It must be emphasised that human obesity is a complex disorder, probably resulting from both …
Micro-vascular Surgery
Authors: Charles B. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This conference brought together for the first time surgeons with a common interest in small vessel surgery. Authors of original contributions include pioneers in the application of stapling devices, adhesives, prosthetic connectors, electrocoaptation, and laser for nonocclusive anastomosis. Suture repair of small arteries involves three problems: adequate magnification, proper instruments, and suitable suture material. Jacobson defines these problems and describes his important contributions to their solution. The introduction of pneumatically operated instruments for suturing 1-mm vessels approaches the ultimate in surgical precision by any technique. Staple anastomosis allows more rapid restoration of blood flow but, like prosthetic connectors, has the disadvantage of shortening the vessel. Vascular electrocoaptation and the use of liquid plastic adhesives are treated in detail, and Swedish workers report their experience with two vascular suture machines. Donaghy describes the evolution of an in-lying T-tube bypass and the application of vein patch grafts. The longest section describes the
What shall we teach undergraduates?
Authors: V Wright, R Hopkins, K E Burton
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The opinions of 600 randomly selected doctors on what should be taught to undergraduates in clinical years were analysed. The respondents gave a high priority to general medicine, paediatrics, general surgery, casualty, and gynaecology, but a low priority to forensic medicine, plastic surgery, radiotherapy, anaesthetics, radiology, and rehabilitation medicine. Doctors thought that these should be taught to postgraduates. The two major groupings of doctors--general practitioners and consultants--gave essentially the same priorities. Undergraduate curricula cannot include all major specialities, so the results of this analysis may provide a useful basis for selecting the most suitable subjects. Criteria for including other specialties might be the ability and enthusiasm of the teachers and well-thought-out and academically sound teaching programmes.
WORM IN THE EAR DRUM
Authors: Kopland Karl Markoff
Journal: JAMA (1924)

A man, aged 34, came into my office, July 31, with a handkerchief held over his left ear. The handkerchief was stained with blood, which was coming from the ear. The patient gave a history of bleeding from the ear since the previous Saturday, and complained of a hissing sound in his ear. He also stated that he had had a discharge of pus from his ear on and off for seven years. He saw his physician about his present condition the day before, who irrigated the ear, but as the bleeding continued as well as the hissing, he was referred to me. The external canal was filled with fresh as well as coagulated blood. When the canal was wiped out, the classical pearly white water fall was seen coming from the lower half of the ear drum. At first glance this looked like pus; a swab, after touching it,
Glucose and Amylase in Pleural Effusions
Authors: Richard W. Light
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Pleural fluid glucose and amylase levels were measured in a prospective study of 176 effusions. Contrary to some previous opinions, we found that in the great majority of tuberculous pleural fluids the glucose concentration was high (mean, 81.7 mg/100 ml) rather than low. Glucose levels in most but not all neoplastic fluids was also high (less than 60 mg/100 ml in only six of 43). Some effusions associated with pneumonia had glucose levels of more than 60 mg/100 ml even though bacterial cultures were positive. The level of pleural fluid amylase was high ( &gt; 160 units/100 ml) in patients with pancreatitis and with pancreatic tumor; and a high amylase level was the first indication of pancreatic disease in two cases. Etiologic diagnosis on the basis of chemical analysis of pleural fluid without other supporting evidence is unreliable.
Abstract 2297: Reduction in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Group V Secretory Phospholipase A2-deficient Mice
Authors: Toshiaki Yano, Keni-chi Kawabata, Yukio Saito, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Ryota Sato, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Yosuke Watanabe, Hideto Mishina, Jun-ei Obata, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes hydrolysis of membrane phospholipid and liberates free fatty acid and lysophospholipids, precursors of various bioactive lipid mediators. Although several differen...
New report criticises Upjohn over Halcion
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Upjohn, the maker of the banned sleeping pill Halcion (triazolam), “engaged in an ongoing pattern of misconduct” over the drug, according to a report from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) investigators. The company failed to report 30% of adverse side effects in a pivotal early study, protocol 321, the report concludes. Upjohn seemed to have misrepresented data to persuade the FDA to waive a proposed 14 day limit on use, “even though available evidence indicated that long term use was both dangerous and medically untenable…. The firm chose to disregard the potential harm of inappropriate use, in order to gain additional sales (profits).”

The conclusions come from the report of …
What becomes of junior doctors in non-training positions?
Authors: I. Ramnarine
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—There is an increase in the number of vacancies advertised for non-training positions for junior doctors variously classified as clinical fellows, trust doctors, etc. Increasing staffing is just one strategy used by NHS trusts to reduce junior doctors' working hours.

My questions are: Who fills these vacancies? What becomes of them? …
Alcohol-Related Deaths of American Indians
Authors: Annie Lea Shuster
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The recent article by Gallaher et al 1 concerning the excess mortality due to unintentional injuries among Native Americans in New Mexico highlights a major health problem related to alcohol abuse in the population studied. Lujan's 2 Editorial cautions against generalized solutions across American Indian tribes. As she points out, there are many similarities, but also many differences among Native American tribes. However, the mortality statistics for American Indians living in the 33 reservation states make it essential that attention be given to the major causes of excess mortality. For example, of all American Indian and Alaska Native people who died during 1986 through 1988, 33% were under 45 years of age, compared with 11% of the non—American Indian population. 3   Mortality statistics represent the tip of the iceberg—only one extreme of a continuum of morbidity, disability, and reduced quality of life caused by disease and injuries
Bilateral congenital coronary artery fistula.
Authors: A Schneeweiss, S Rath, H N Neufeld
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Bilateral congenital coronary artery fistula may be defined as a condition in which more than one coronary artery gives rise to a fistulous tract.Twenty such cases have been reported.'-6Only two of them were diagnosed angio- cardiographically and corrected surgically.6A case
Compassion vs Control
Authors: Alvin A. Rosenfeld
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A broadened understanding of child abuse has enabled practitioners to think of the parents of abused children not as evil murderers but as human beings caught in a complex web of social isolation and deprivation. Concomitantly, child abuse laws have changed dramatically in the last decade to include virtually all childhood physical symptoms of family crisis; physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and child neglect are now reportable by nearly all professionals who have contact with children. There has been a dramatic increase in case reports, but the services for which families become eligible do not approach the humane rhetoric and intent of child abuse legislation. Society and the helping professions are caught in a dilemma that we characterize and address clinically as compassion vs control.
TCT-598 Mechanisms of Incomplete Stent Apposition After Implantation of Drug-eluting Stents in patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lisbeth Antonsen, Evald H. Christiansen, Michael Maeng, Anne Kaltoft, Per Thayssen, Hans-Henrik Tilsted, Leif Thuesen, Jan Ravkilde, Lars Krusell, Mikkel Hougaard, Jens F. Lassen, Lisette Okkels Jensen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Points from Letters: Iatrogenic Dermatitis
Authors: R. H. Seville, K. R. Lakshmi
Journal: BMJ (1970)

signed and having to get alternative documents-an irritation, at least for those who are not well and whom we are sup- posed to be trying to help.Medicine is based on confidence, and it is essential that we maintain the confidence of the public not only in ourselves as doctors individually but in our profession collectively.
The Faith, The Falsity and The Failure of Christian Science.
Authors: Woodbridge Riley, Frederick William Peabody, Charles Edward Humiston
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myocardial ischaemia and defects of atrioventricular conduction associated with cardiac surgery.
Authors: D E Taylor, C F Hider
Journal: Thorax (1967)

Changes in atrioventricular conduction coincident with myocardial anoxia were observed experimentaily in the cat over half a century ago (Lewis and Mathison, 1910), but in these experiments the prolongation of atrioventricular conduction time progressing to total atrioventricular dissociation was reversible within a few minutes of restoring full oxygenation.More recent work confirmed the action of myocardial ischaemia or anoxia on cardiac electrical activity and showed that atrio- ventrigular (A-V) nodal conduction was most susceptible to ischaemia (Bagdonas, Stuckey, Piera, Amer, and Hoffman, 1961).In a series of experiments on dogs it has also been noted that after prolonged myocardial ischaemia the recovery of normal atrioventricular conduction was often delayed (Wesolowski, Fisher, Fennessey, Cubiles, and Welch, 1952).Although heart block after cardiac surgery was initially regarded as a serious complication it is not now thought necessarily to carry a grave prognosis, spontaneous recovery often occurring.In a recently reported series of 95 cases of aortic valve replacement total heart block occurred in nine cases, but in only one did it fail to revert spontaneously (Barratt-Boyes, Lowe, Cole, and Kelly, 1965).We had noted during routine patient monitor- ing two patients in whom total atrioventricular dissociation occurred before there was any possibility of operative trauma to the A-V node or bundle, and both were associated with an episode of total myocardial ischaemia.We had also noted during open-heart surgery that the recovery of atrioventricular conduction after a single short episode of myocardial ischaemia, as for example with aortic cross-clamping, was complete and rapid; but after frequently repeated episodes of ischaemia the recovery became less rapid and less complete.This observation, if correct, would be compatible with the effect of anoxia on the intracellular action potential of cardiac cells (Trautwein and Dudel, 1956; Kardesch, Hogancamp, and Bing, 1958).So it 38 the duration of the P and QRS deflections and of the on July 19, 2023 by guest.
Detection of severity of coronary artery disease by the ST segment/heart rate relationship in patients on beta-blocker therapy
Authors: M KARDASH, R BOYLE, M S ELAMIN, J B STOKER, D A S G MARY, R J LINDEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Many patients presenting with anginal pain are on beta-blocker therapy and it has been suggested that noninvasive exercise tests for coronary artery disease are adversely affected by such therapy. Recently a new exercise test has been introduced claiming the ability accurately to detect the presence and severity of coronary heart disease in patients with anginal pain; the claim was based on results obtained in patients not undergoing beta-blocker therapy. Therefore using this test, the maximal rate of progression of ST segment depression relative to increases in heart rate during exercise (maximal ST/HR slope) as an index of the severity of myocardial ischaemia, 60 patients on beta-blocker therapy were studied and the results compared with results of coronary arteriography independently obtained. There was a complete agreement, without false results, between the maximal ST/HR slope and the number of significantly diseased coronary arteries. In 21 of these 60 patients the maximal ST/HR slopes obtained before and after beta-blockade were compared; the maximal ST/HR slopes after beta-blockade were not different from those before. It is concluded, that the maximal SW/HR slope can be used reliably to detect the pressure and the severity of coronary heart disease in patients with angina pectoris who are already on beta-blocker therapy.
REACTIONS FOLLOWING THE INTRA-MUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION OF CHLORPROTHIXENE
Authors: GEORGE M. SIMPSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

Parenteral chlorprothixene produced dramatic sedating effects in ambulant patients. A dose level of 25 mg. is too high for these patients as it may produce extreme somnolence, blurring of vision, double vision, and prolonged periods of sleep. Because of the dizziness and sleepiness it is felt that this route of administration is not suitable for ambulant patients.
Efficacy of statins in familial hypercholesterolaemia: a long term cohort study
Authors: J. Versmissen, D. M Oosterveer, M. Yazdanpanah, J. C Defesche, D. C G Basart, A. H Liem, J. Heeringa, J. C Witteman, P. J Lansberg, J. J P Kastelein, E. J G Sijbrands
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Objective To determine the efficacy of statin treatment on risk of coronary heart disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Design Cohort study with a mean follow-up of 8.5 years. Setting 27 outpatient lipid clinics. Subjects 2146 patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia without prevalent coronary heart disease before 1 January 1990. Main outcome measures Risk of coronary heart disease in treated and “untreated” (delay in starting statin treatment) patients compared with a Cox regression model in which statin use was a time dependent variable. Results In January 1990, 413 (21%) of the patients had started statin treatment, and during follow-up another 1294 patients (66%) started after a mean delay of 4.3 years. Most patients received simvastatin (n=1167, 33 mg daily) or atorvastatin (n=211, 49 mg daily). We observed an overall risk reduction of 76% (hazard ratio 0.24 (95% confidence interval 0.18 to 0.30), P<0.001). In fact, the risk of myocardial infarction in these statin treated patients was not significantly greater than that in an age-matched sample from the general population (hazard ration 1.44 (0.80 to 2.60), P=0.23). Conclusion Lower statin doses than those currently advised reduced the risk of coronary heart disease to a greater extent than anticipated in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. With statin treatment, such patients no longer have a risk of myocardial infarction significantly different from that of the general population.
TCT-638 Plaque Characteristics and Local Release of C-reactive Protein: An Integrated Backscatter Intravascular Ultrasound Study
Authors: Yuhei Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Okura, Teruyoshi Kume, Ryotaro Yamada, Yukari Kobayashi, Yoshinori Miyamoto, Kenzo Fukuhara, Terumasa Koyama, Akihiro Hayashida, Yoji Neishi, Takahiro Kawamoto, Kiyoshi Yoshida
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)