tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Rich Specialist.
Authors: J. H. Carstens
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Detroit, Mich., April 10, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The following letter has given me an opportunity to express my views on the subject of the big fees received by specialists. We often hear from general practitioners, in a jocose manner, and sometimes with an envious expression, about the fees received and the money accumulated by specialists. I have frequently talked with those of the latter class in the various departments of specialism, and have been convinced for many years that very few are getting rich. Perhaps it is their own fault. They spend too much, and still, to keep in the front rows, they must do it or drop by the wayside. As soon as they strive to make money and cease trying to advance and improve the practice of medicine, their usefulness as teachers ceases. Few are so situated that they can be workers; innovators, and financiers at the
Clinical and Laboratory Studies of Mumps
Authors: John P. Utz, Julius A. Kasel, Henry G. Cramblett, C. F. Szwed, Robert H. Parrott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE diagnosis of mumps can be confirmed in the laboratory by the isolation of the virus from specimens or by the demonstration of a rise in serum antibodies during the course of the illness. In the latter serologic procedure either hemagglutination-inhibition or complement-fixation antibodies may be measured. The complement-fixation test is more commonly employed, since this technic is performed in most serology laboratories, and there is a commercially available diagnostic antigen. Any of these serologic procedures is of limited value to the clinician, however, since the diagnosis is made retrospectively at a time when the patient is usually completely recovered. . . .
Diabetes Mellitus and Autonomic Dysfunction After Vacor Rodenticide Ingestion
Authors: Leona V Miller, John D Stokes, Chutima Silpipat
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

A case of N-3 pyridylmethyl-N' 4 nitrophenyl urea (Vacor) rodenticide poisoning in a 52-year-old man is resented. Vacor is structurally related to alloxan and streptozotocin, agents that have been used extensively to produce diabetes mellitus in laboratory animals. Seven days after ingestion of Vacor, the patient presented in diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by postural hypotension and adynamic ileus. The patient recovered from ketoacidosis but has continued to require insulin. With infusion of arginine, glucagon rose from 185 to 650 pg./ml. and C-peptide from 0.5 to 3.4 ng./ml. Six weeks after onse.t of diabetes, no anti-islet-cell antibodies were detected. Muscle capillary basement membrane thickness on electron microscopy was found to be 1,918 ± 194 Å. The absence of hyperglycemia after Vacor ingestion should not lead to complacency on the part of the attending physician. The patient must be observed closely for development of ketoacidosis and treated prophylactically with nicotinamide, the suggested antidote.
High-dose intravenous isosorbide-dinitrate is safer and better than Bi-PAP ventilation combined with conventional treatment for severe pulmonary edema
Authors: Ahuva Sharon, Isaac Shpirer, Edo Kaluski, Yaron Moshkovitz, Olga Milovanov, Roman Polak, Alex Blatt, Avi Simovitz, Ori Shaham, Zvi Faigenberg, Michael Metzger, David Stav, Robert Yogev, Ahuva Golik, Rikardo Krakover, Zvi Vered, Gad Cotter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Abstract 5266: Stat3 is a positive regulator of gap junctional intercellular communication in cultured, human lung carcinoma cells.
Authors: Mulu Geletu, Rozanne Arulanandam, Samantha Greer, Aaron Trotman-Grant, Evangelia Tomai, Leda Raptis
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Neoplastic transformation of cultured cells by a number of oncogenes such as src suppresses gap junctional, intercellular communication (GJIC); however, the role of Src and its effector Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (Stat3) upon GJIC in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been defined. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed high Src activity in NSCLC biopsy samples compared to normal tissues. Here we explored the potential effect of Src and Stat3 upon GJIC, by assessing the levels of tyr418-phosphorylated Src and tyr705-phosphorylated Stat3, respectively, in a panel of NSCLC cell lines. Gap junctional communication was examined by electroporating the fluorescent dye Lucifer yellow into cells grown on a transparent electrode, followed by observation of the migration of the dye to the adjacent, non-electroporated cells under fluorescence illumination. The results demonstrated an inverse relationship between Src activity levels and GJIC; in five lines with high Src activity GJIC was absent, while two lines with extensive GJIC (QU-DB and SK-LuCi6) had low Src levels, similar to a non-transformed, immortalised lung epithelial cell line. Interestingly, examination of the mechanism indicated that Stat3 inhibition in any of the NSCLC lines expressing high endogenous Src activity levels, or in cells where Src was exogenously transduced, did not restore GJIC. On the contrary, Stat3 downregulation in immortalised lung epithelial cells or in the NSCLC lines displaying extensive GJIC actually suppressed junctional permeability. Moreover, expression of the constitutively active form of Stat3, Stat3C caused an increase in gap junctional communication. Our findings demonstrate that although Stat3 is generally growth promoting and in an activated form it can act as an oncogene, it is actually required for gap junctional communication both in nontransformed lung epithelial cells and in certain lung cancer lines that retain extensive GJIC. Citation Format: Mulu Geletu, Rozanne Arulanandam, Samantha Greer, Aaron Trotman-Grant, Evangelia Tomai, Leda Raptis. Stat3 is a positive regulator of gap junctional intercellular communication in cultured, human lung carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5266. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5266
Exercise can cut risk of breast cancer
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Even fairly modest levels of physical activity can decrease a woman's risk of breast cancer, a new study shows.

Dr Anne McTiernan, of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, and colleagues prospectively studied data from more than 74 000 women between the ages of 50 and 79 years old who participated in the women's health initiative study from 1993 to 1998. That study was halted last summer after it found that the risks of hormone pills containing oestrogen and progestogen outweighed the benefits for post-menopausal …
Surgical treatment of nasal polyposis in patients with aspirin intolerance
Authors: W Hosemann
Journal: Thorax (2000)

It is not fully understood why humans possess paranasal sinuses and for many years there has been speculation as to their physiological significance.1 Much the same uncertainty holds true for the pathophysiology of chronic paranasal sinusitis, a disease which represents a major therapeutic challenge despite recent medical and surgical progress.2 3 There are probably several distinct subtypes of chronic paranasal sinusitis ranging from remote mucosal thickening to diffuse polyposis. All types of symptomatic chronic sinusitis call for surgical intervention if medical treatment fails.

Corresponding to the diversity of chronic sinusitis, different microsurgical operative techniques have been developed during the last 15 years, all of which share the endonasal access route. Transfacial or transoral surgery has therefore become obsolete for treatment of uncomplicated paranasal mucositis.

Many cases with circumscribed hyperplastic changes of the remote paranasal sinus mucosa need only limited surgery of the superordinate anatomical ostiomeatal unit. Removing defined microanatomical narrow passes around this functional key area of the middle nasal meatus (“isthmus surgery”) facilitates drainage and ventilation of the dependent paranasal sinuses (fig 1). Even severe changes in the peripheral sinus mucosa may heal subsequently without being specifically treated.4 5



Figure 1 
Scheme depicting the different surgical concepts: “isthmus surgery”, “compartment surgery”, and radical surgery. In isthmus surgery (functional endonasal sinus surgery, FESS) defined anatomical narrow passes are eliminated under optical control using microsurgical techniques. Areas of secondary and moderate tissue remodelling are left for spontaneous regeneration. Tissue ablation and tissue trauma are minimised and the postoperative healing period is reduced. On the other hand, small irregularities of the microanatomical operative field may become significant factors in delayed healing. Defined narrow passes or inflammatory foci may fail to be addressed during surgery. Chronic sinusitis caused by defined microanatomical aberrations is the main indication for this type of surgery.4 …
When the World Is Your Ashtray
Authors: George Banks
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Are you losing confidence in your ability to smoke in the face of stiffer health warnings? Or worse, do you feel as if it just isn't worth the effort anymore? Don't be discouraged. Blind faith is the key to success in any endeavor, but achieving just the right balance of puffery and downright denial can be tricky. It is especially difficult when your best friend—a smoker of nearly 30 years—is beginning to experience hemoptysis. I think I've solved the problem with several hints that will bring your confidence level back up before you have to undergo chemotherapy. Just remember that the tobacco companies wouldn't take out all of those full-page newspaper and magazine ads if they wanted you to stop. Associate with smokers. It's downright annoying to have nonsmoking friends ask you to sign "clean air" petitions while you're enjoying coffee and a cigarette. If you don't make friends
Prisoner's Dilemma, Chicken, and mixedstrategy evolutionary equilibria
Authors: Andrew M. Colman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract Mealey's interesting interpretation of sociopathy is based on an inappropriate two-person game model. A multiperson, compound game version of Chicken would be more suitable, because a population engaging in random pairwise interactions with that structure would evolve to an equilibrium in which a fixed proportion of strategic choices was exploitative, antisocial, and risky, as required by Mealey's interpretation.
Mom's Cancer
Authors: Harriet S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Emergency Medicine and Critical Care: JAMA's New Section
Authors: Carlotta M. Rinke
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In this issue ofThe Journal, we are premiering the publication of a new section, CONCEPTS IN EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE (p 1081). This section will provide a forum dedicated to informing our readers about advances in the understanding and technology of critical care and emergency medicine. These two new specialties have emerged on the medical scene in the past five to ten years and have captured the interest and enthusiasm of many younger physicians. Their resultant research efforts have advanced the science and the physiology of life-threatening illnesses and spawned a proliferation of knowledge. In CONCEPTS IN EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE, we hope to stimulate you with a provocative fare of discussion, review, and controversy from these exciting, spanking new medical disciplines. The goals of the section are twofold: (1) to discuss a scientific or clinical concept directly affecting the treatment of critically ill patients and (2) to keep
Initial management of a major burn: II—assessment and resuscitation
Authors: Shehan Hettiaratchy, Remo Papini
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Assessment of burn area tends to be done badly, even by those who are expert at it. There are three commonly used methods of estimating burn area, and each has a role in different scenarios. When calculating burn area, erythema should not be included. This may take a few hours to fade, so some overestimation is inevitable if the burn is estimated acutely.



Wallace rule of nines 



Palmar surface —The surface area of a patient's palm (including fingers) is roughly 0.8% of total body surface area. Palmar surface are can be used to estimate relatively small burns (  85%, when unburnt skin is counted). For medium sized burns, it is inaccurate.

Wallace rule of nines —This is a good, quick way of estimating medium to large burns in adults. The body is divided into areas of 9%, and the total burn area can be calculated. It is not accurate in children.

Lund and Browder chart —This chart, if used correctly, is the most accurate method. It compensates for the variation in body shape with age and therefore can give an accurate assessment of burns area in children.

It is important that all of the burn is exposed and assessed. During assessment, the environment should be kept warm, and small segments of skin exposed sequentially to reduce heat loss. Pigmented skin can be difficult to assess, and in such cases it may be necessary to remove all the loose epidermal layers to calculate burn size.

Fluid losses from the injury must be replaced to maintain homoeostasis. There is no ideal resuscitation regimen, and many are in use. All the fluid formulas are only guidelines, and their success relies on adjusting the amount of resuscitation fluid against monitored physiological parameters. The main …
Impact of Bioinformatic Procedures in the Development and Translation of High-Throughput Molecular Classifiers in Oncology
Authors: Charles Ferté, Andrew D. Trister, Erich Huang, Brian M. Bot, Justin Guinney, Frederic Commo, Solveig Sieberts, Fabrice André, Benjamin Besse, Jean-Charles Soria, Stephen H. Friend
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The progressive introduction of high-throughput molecular techniques in the clinic allows for the extensive and systematic exploration of multiple biologic layers of tumors. Molecular profiles and classifiers generated from these assays represent the foundation of what the National Academy describes as the future of "precision medicine". However, the analysis of such complex data requires the implementation of sophisticated bioinformatic and statistical procedures. It is critical that oncology practitioners be aware of the advantages and limitations of the methods used to generate classifiers to usher them into the clinic. This article uses publicly available expression data from patients with non–small cell lung cancer to first illustrate the challenges of experimental design and preprocessing of data before clinical application and highlights the challenges of high-dimensional statistical analysis. It provides a roadmap for the translation of such classifiers to clinical practice and makes key recommendations for good practice. Clin Cancer Res; 19(16); 4315–25. ©2013 AACR.
A calculated response: control of inflammation by the innate immune system
Authors: Gregory M. Barton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Inflammation is a rapid yet coordinated response that can lead to the destruction of microbes and host tissue. Triggers capable of inducing an inflammatory response include tissue damage and infection by pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes. Each of these triggers represents a qualitatively distinct stress to the host immune system, yet our understanding of whether they are interpreted as such remains poor. Accumulating evidence suggests that recognition of these distinct stimuli converges on many of the same receptors of the innate immune system. Here I provide an overview of these innate receptors and suggest that the innate immune system can interpret the context of an inflammatory trigger and direct inflammation accordingly.
Effect of picotamide on the clinical progression of peripheral vascular disease. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. The ADEP Group.
Authors: F Balsano, F Violi
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) undergo a clinical course that can be complicated by cardiovascular events occurring in several areas of the circulation. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study we investigated the ability of picotamide, a substance that inhibits platelet thromboxane A2 (TxA2) synthase and antagonizes TxA2 receptors, to reduce cardiovascular complications in PVD patients. The study was double blind and placebo controlled. After a 1-month run-in period, 2,304 patients were randomly allocated to either placebo or picotamide (300 mg t.i.d.) and followed for 18 months. Major and minor events were analyzed. Results of an "intention-to-treat analysis" were that patients on picotamide suffered 45 major events (3.9%) and 77 minor events (6.7%), whereas those taking placebo suffered 52 major (4.5%) and 99 minor events (8.6%). There was borderline statistical difference between the two groups with respect to the sum of the major and minor events (risk reduction, 18.9%; p = 0.056, log-rank test). Results of an "on-treatment" analysis were that patients on picotamide suffered 40 major (3.8%) and 66 minor events (6.3%), whereas those taking placebo suffered 45 major (4.2%) and 95 minor events (8.9%). The sum of both major and minor events was 106 (10.1%) in the picotamide group and 140 (13.1%) in the placebo group. This difference was significant (risk reduction, 23%; p = 0.029, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that picotamide reduces cardiovascular complications in PVD patients. The apparently low effect of this drug in reducing major events suggests that further studies be made with picotamide in PVD patients who are at high risk of cardiovascular complications so as to further assess its clinical efficacy.
Gallium Scan Finding in a Patient with Suppurative Lymphangitis Secondary to Sporotrichosis
Authors: TSUI-CHUN KATHY YIP, SYLVAIN HOULE, JULIE MATHEWSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Sites of fungal infection can be associated with many inflammatory changes. A patient with severe inflammation of the right thumb and arm was subsequently found to have suppurative lymphangitis secondary to sporotrichosis. Gallium imaging demonstrated well the lymphangitic pattern of inflammation.
1030-135 Impact of wide pulse pressure with and without high systolic blood pressure on clinical outcomes in chronic severe aortic regurgitation
Authors: Phyllis G Supino, Jeffrey S Borer, Jacek Preibisz, Clare Hochreiter, Karlheinz Schuleri, Richard B Devereux, Mary J Roman, Paul Kligfield, Amanda D Konstam
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Based on the In Vitro Histoculture Drug Response Assay for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Improves Survival
Authors: Masayuki Tanahashi, Hiroshi Niwa, Haruhiro Yukiue, Eriko Suzuki, Hiroshi Haneda, Naoko Yoshii
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Management of gastroenteritis at home
Authors: M E Ellis, J Pope, S Benjamin
Journal: BMJ (1981)

by Drs P S Morrison and T M Little (p 1300) expressed concern over the way children with gastroenteritis were treated at home.We share their concern and would like to report our experience.The case records of young children (aged up to 2 years) admitted to the regional gastroenteritis unit at this
Effects of anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies on differentiation and apoptosis of human myeloid leukemia cell lines
Authors: Rachida-Sihem Charrad, Zeineb Gadhoum, Junyuan Qi, Anne Glachant, Michèle Allouche, Claude Jasmin, Christine Chomienne, Florence Smadja-Joffe
Journal: Blood (2002)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous leukemia characterized by the blockage of myeloid differentiation at different stages, which define distinct AML subtypes. We have recently reported that the ligation of CD44 with 2 activating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), A3D8 and H90, triggers terminal differentiation of leukemic blasts in AML-M1/2 to AML-M5 subtypes, which are the most frequent ones. However, fresh AML blasts have short in vitro lifespans. Therefore, to find relevant in vitro cellular models for further studying the mechanisms involved in CD44-induced differentiation, we investigated whether CD44 ligation with A3D8 and H90 mAbs can induce terminal differentiation of THP-1, NB4, and HL60 cells, each interesting models of AML-M5 (monoblastic subtype), AML-M3 (promyelocytic subtype), and AML-M2 (myeloblastic subtype), respectively. We also study whether CD44 ligation induces a loss of proliferative capacity, an important feature of late-stage myeloid differentiation. In the second part of our study, we investigated whether A3D8 and H90 anti-CD44 mAbs can induce the differentiation and inhibit the proliferation of KG1a cells, which are very immature AML-M0 blasts. Using functional, antigenic, and cytologic criteria, we presently show that A3D8 and/or H90 induce terminal differentiation of THP-1, HL60, and NB4 cell lines and strongly inhibit their proliferation. Interestingly, cell-specific effects of H90 and A3D8 are observed. We also observe that incubation with A3D8 for 3 to 6 days induces an apoptotic cell death that is moderate in the case of THP-1 and HL60 cells and massive in the case of NB4 cells. Finally, our results demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to reverse the leukemic blockage of KG1a cells by using both an anti-CD44 mAb and retinoic acid. This result may provide a new experimental basis for a differentiative therapy in AML-M0 patients.