tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lentiviral Vectors Encoding HIV-1 Polyepitopes Induce Broad CTL Responses In Vivo
Authors: Maria Candela Iglesias, Karine Mollier, Anne-Sophie Beignon, Philippe Souque, Olivier Adotevi, François Lemonnier, Pierre Charneau
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Lentiviral vectors have been tested as vaccination vectors in anti-tumoral and anti-viral models. They efficiently transduce dendritic cells and stimulate strong T-cell responses against the encoded antigen. However, their capacity to stimulate a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against several antigens has not been evaluated. Broad anti-human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) T-cell immune responses are important for the control of HIV replication. We evaluated the potential of polyepitope-encoding lentiviral vectors to induce broad anti-HIV CTL responses. We constructed two lentiviral vectors coding for an HLA-A2- or HLA-B7-restricted polyepitope and evaluated their immunogenicity by direct injection of vector particles in HLA-A2 or HLA-B7 transgenic mice. In vitro cytotoxicity assays showed that a single immunization induces a strong, diversified, and long-lasting CTL response in both mouse models. CTL responses were directed against all 13 epitopes in the HLA-A2 system and 8 out of 12 in the HLA-B7 system. A second immunization augmented the number of responding mice in the HLA-A2 system but not in the HLA-B7 system. HLA-B7-immunized mice mounted strong interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting T-cell responses against a majority of the epitopes and lysed peptide-loaded target cells in vivo. CTL responses in HLA-B7 mice were only partially dependent on CD4 T-cell help. This work underlines the potential of lentiviral vectors as candidates for therapeutic vaccination against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Carboxymethylated chitin reduces MMP-1 expression in rabbit ACLT osteoarthritic cartilage
Authors: W Hongbin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To examine the in vivo effects of carboxymethylated chitin (CMC), intra-articularly administered, on cartilage degradation and the level and distribution of cartilage matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1).Osteoarthritis (OA) was induced in 20 rabbits by unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). The experimental group, comprising 10 rabbits randomly selected, was given an intra-articular injection of 0.3 ml of 2% CMC solution at 1, 3, and 5 weeks after ACLT. A further 10 rabbits that received an intra-articular injection of 0.3 ml normal saline at the same time served as controls. All knees were harvested at 6 weeks after surgery. Cartilage degradation of femoral condyles was evaluated at two levels: macroscopic and light microscopic. Tissue level and distribution of MMP-1 was documented by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Cartilage degradation in the control group was significantly more severe than that in the experimental group both on the macroscopic grading scale and on Mankin's grading scale. In RT-PCR the amount of MMP-1 was significantly reduced by the treatment of CMC. Immunohistochemical study showed that in the experimental group MMP-1 was predominantly expressed in the superficial and upper intermediate layers of cartilage, and the amount of MMP-1 in the experimental group was also lower than that in control group.CMC significantly reduces the severity of cartilage degradation and reduces the expression of MMP-1 in cartilage, both at the mRNA and the protein level, and thus may be a potential drug for the treatment of OA.
How Do Physicians Adapt When the Coronary Care Unit Is Full?
Authors: Harry P. Selker
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Reducing the numbers of coronary care unit (CCU) beds would decrease expensive unnecessary admissions, but might also block appropriate admissions. To study how physicians adapt to limited CCU beds, we compared their decisions to admit patients to the CCU when the CCU was full with those made when the CCU was not full. We studied 4479 patients who presented with symptoms suggesting acute cardiac ischemia to six New England hospital emergency rooms over 16 months. Of the 2931 patients found on follow-up not to have acute ischemia, 33% of those presenting when the CCU was not full were admitted to the CCU vs 24% of such patients presenting when the CCU was full (P = .0005), a 27% drop. Of the 725 patients proving to have angina pectoris, 74% of those presenting when the CCU was not full were admitted to the CCU vs 62% of such patients presenting when the CCU was full (P = .007), a 16% reduction. Of the 823 patients found to have myocardial infarction, 90% were admitted to the CCU both when the CCU was not full and when it was full. Importantly, for no group did mortality increase when the CCU was full. These data suggest that physicians can safely adapt to substantial reductions in the availability of CCU beds.
1130-208 Diagnostic value of the Ajmaline test based on the gene analysis in concealed brugada syndrome
Authors: Kui Hong, Kiyotaka Matsuo, Antonio Berruezo Sanchez, Matteo Vatta, Jeff Towbin, Josep Brugada, Pedro Brugada, Carlos Piñero Galvez, Charles Antzelevitch, Ramon Brugada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Re: Transurethral Surgery and Twice-daily Radiation Plus Paclitaxel-Cisplatin or Fluorouracil-Cisplatin with Selective Bladder Preservation and Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients with Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (RTOG 0233): A Randomised Multicentre Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Henk van der Poel
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Venous lipodermatosclerosis: treatment by fibrinolytic enhancement and elastic compression.
Authors: K Burnand, G Clemenson, M Morland, P E Jarrett, N L Browse
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The value of fibrinolytic enhancement with an anabolic steroid (stanozolol) combined with elastic stockings in treating venous lipodermatosclerosis was assessed in a six-month double-blind cross-over trial. Thirty-four legs of 23 patients in whom other treatments had failed were studied. The patients were randomly divided into two groups who were treated with either stanozolol plus elastic stockings or placebo plus elastic stockings for three months, and then vice versa. Treatment with or without stanozolol caused the area of lipodermatosclerosis to decrease, but the rate of healing when patients took stanozolol was double that when they took the placebo, and this was assumed to be biologically important. Stanozolol also reduced the incidence of extravascular fibrin detected in skin biopsy specimens. The elastic stocking with placebo produced significant decreases in leg volume, ankle circumference, and skin thickness. Stanozolol is valuable in treating intractable lipodermatosclerosis, giving relief of pain and reducing induration, inflammation, tenderness, and pigmentation.
Health effects of particulate air pollution: time for reassessment?
Authors: C A Pope, D V Bates, M E Raizenne
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Numerous studies have observed health effects of particulate air pollution. Compared to early studies that focused on severe air pollution episodes, recent studies are more relevant to understanding health effects of pollution at levels common to contemporary cities in the developed world. We review recent epidemiologic studies that evaluated health effects of particulate air pollution and conclude that respirable particulate air pollution is likely an important contributing factor to respiratory disease. Observed health effects include increased respiratory symptoms, decreased lung function, increased hospitalizations and other health care visits for respiratory and cardiovascular disease, increased respiratory morbidity as measured by absenteeism from work or school or other restrictions in activity, and increased cardiopulmonary disease mortality. These health effects are observed at levels common to many U.S. cities including levels below current U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate air pollution.
VEGF is a modifier of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice and humans and protects motoneurons against ischemic death
Authors: Diether Lambrechts, Erik Storkebaum, Masafumi Morimoto, Jurgen Del-Favero, Frederik Desmet, Stefan L Marklund, Sabine Wyns, Vincent Thijs, Jörgen Andersson, Ingrid van Marion, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Stephanie Bornes, Rhiannon Musson, Valerie Hansen, Lars Beckman, Rolf Adolfsson, Hardev Singh Pall, Hervé Prats, Severine Vermeire, Paul Rutgeerts, Shigehiro Katayama, Takuya Awata, Nigel Leigh, Loïc Lang-Lazdunski, Mieke Dewerchin, Christopher Shaw, Lieve Moons, Robert Vlietinck, Karen E Morrison, Wim Robberecht, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Désiré Collen, Peter M Andersen, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Dihydroergotamine-Heparin Prophylaxis of Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Richard D. Sautter
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with great interest in the June 8 issue of<i>JAMA</i>the article entitled "Dihydroergotamine-Heparin Prophylaxis of Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis."<sup>1</sup>I was flattered to have my article entitled "The Limited Utility of Fibrinogen I-125 Leg Scanning" referenced by this group. I am well aware of the problems of multicenter trials and have great admiration for a group that enrolled 880 patients. However, I believe there are serious flaws in the methodology of this trial. I am concerned that the anatomic location of the thrombi were not identified. It is one thing to prevent thrombi in the lower extremity and quite another to prevent thrombi above Hunter's canal (located on the medial aspect of the middle third of the thigh), where the propensity for embolization is much greater, resulting in life-threatening pulmonary embolization. There seems to be a difference of opinion among the experts on
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 controls TNF-α translation in LPS-induced hepatitis
Authors: Bárbara González-Terán, José R. Cortés, Elisa Manieri, Nuria Matesanz, Ángeles Verdugo, María E. Rodríguez, Águeda González-Rodríguez, Ángela Valverde, Pilar Martín, Roger J. Davis, Guadalupe Sabio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Bacterial LPS (endotoxin) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute liver disease through its induction of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. TNF-α is a key determinant of the outcome in a well-established mouse model of acute liver failure during septic shock. One possible mechanism for regulating TNF-α expression is through the control of protein elongation during translation, which would allow rapid cell adaptation to physiological changes. However, the regulation of translational elongation is poorly understood. We found that expression of p38γ/δ MAPK proteins is required for the elongation of nascent TNF-α protein in macrophages. The MKK3/6-p38γ/δ pathway mediated an inhibitory phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase, which in turn promoted eEF2 activation (dephosphorylation) and subsequent TNF-α elongation. These results identify a new signaling pathway that regulates TNF-α production in LPS-induced liver damage and suggest potential cell-specific therapeutic targets for liver diseases in which TNF-α production is involved.
Hydrothorax From Subclavian Vein Catheterization
Authors: Carl E. Aulenbacher
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor:—  Widespread use of the subclavian vein for the collection of blood samples, intravenous infusions, monitoring central venous pressure, and intracardiac catheterization began with the description by Wilson et al in 1962.1The subclavian route continues to gain popularity.2-4Complications are rarely attributed to this method, but hemothorax, tension pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, brachial plexus injury, septicemia, subclavicular hematoma, cutaneous bleeding, pneumothorax, subclavian artery injury, infection, thoracic duct injury, air embolism, catheter embolization, subclavian thrombophlebitis, and arteriovenous fistula are possible. Additionally, iatrogenic hydrothorax is another potential complication that deserves comment.  Report of a Case.—  A 55-year-old woman underwent cholecystectomy on Nov 29, 1968, for cholecystitis secondary to cholelithiasis. Postoperatively, because of a problem in maintaining an intravenous route, a percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian vein catheterization was performed on the second postoperative day (a free return of blood was demonstrated). After receiving 1,500 cc of lactated Ringer's solution, she developed
Formation of the "P-R Segment"
Authors: CESAR A. CACERES, GEORGE A. KELSER, W. RAYMOND MIZE
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Variance of opinion among authors regarding the cause and duration of each succeeding portion of the P-R interval points out that knowledge regarding the physiologic basis for these waves is incomplete. Data regarding the P-R segment are scant in electrocardiographic literature. The necessity for precision in measurement and the need for better visualization of electrocardiographic waves to enhance their diagnostic value are illustrated by study of the generally ignored region between the P and QRS.
Dietary Oat Fiber Sources and Blood Lipids-Reply
Authors: Gerald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Since early 1990, when suggestions were made that oat bran probably possesses a cholesterol-lowering effect because it replaces dietary fats, numerous researchers have reported experiments in which they found oat bran to have an intrinsic hypocholesterolemic capacity.<sup>1-4</sup>Additional studies have reported that other types of fiber possess a similar intrinsic capacity to lower total and LDL cholesterol. It is timely for Dr Koval to call attention to this recent accumulating information on the inherent cholesterol-lowering effect of oat fiber and to point out that the mechanism of total cholesterol— and LDL cholesterol-lowering is not simply by replacement of dietary saturated fats. The soluble fraction of β-glucan has been identified as the hypocholesterolemic component in oat cereals. Oat, guar gum, and barley fiber appear to be the most effective fiber sources for lowering blood cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic men. Oat bran supplementation can decrease total and LDL cholesterol
Hyperthyroidism and de Clerambault's syndrome in a young woman.
Authors: E H Kua, P P Yeo
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Toxic myocarditis in paracetamol poisoningWe describe the case ofa young girl who died in cardiac failure 80 hours after a paracetamol overdose.Necropsy showed congested lungs, a dilated left ventricle, and myocardial muscle necrosis. Case reportA 15 year old girl was admitted 55 hours after taking an unspecified quantity of paracetamol.She was fully conscious and oriented.Her pulse rate was 88 beats/ min regular and blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg.The liver edge was palpable and tender.Plasma paracetamol concentration was 41 mg/I, serum sodium con- centration 138 mmol/l, serum potassium concentration 4-2 mmol/l, plasma urea concentration 3-0 mmol/l, plasma bicarbonate concentration 10-0 mmol/l, prothrombin time 65 seconds, serum bilirubin concentration 56 ,tmol/l, serum alanine aminotransferase activity 790 IU/1, and serum aspartate aminotransferase activity 1075 IU/1.Over the next 12 hours her plasma bicarbonate concentration improved to 16-6 mmol/l but serum potassium concentration decreased to 3-9 mmol/l.Serum creatinine concentration was 115 imol/l at 15 hours, and urinary output exceeded 2 1 in the first 21 hours.She received an intravenous infusion of dextrose, oral neomycin, vitamin K, cimetidine, and lactulose.Her blood pressure remained stable at 100/70 mm Hg, but persistent sinus tachycardia was recorded up to 21 hours after admission, when there was a sudden onset ofcardiac arrhythmia and hypotension.Various atrial and ventricular arrhythmias were recorded.Electrocardiography showed gross ST segment depression and T wave inversion in leads 2, 3, aVF, V1-4.She became unconscious, with dilated pupils and absent brain stem reflexes.Spontaneous breathing ceased, and intermittent positive pressure ventilation was started.She went into ventricular tachycardia, followed by cardiac asystole, 25 hours after admission.Necropsy showed a dilated left ventricle, pale myocardium (particularly subendocardially), which was soft in consistency; patent coronary arteries; and normal valves.Myocardial histology showed focal infiltrates of neutrophils and occasional mast cells among necrotic myocardial muscle fibres.Both lungs were diffusely oedematous.The liver was soft and showed punctate areas of centrilobular necrosis.Liver histology showed almost complete necrosis of hepatocytes, most pronounced in the centrilobular zones, with vacuolation of necrotic cells around the lobules.Pigment laden macrophages were present, but no inflammatory infiltration was found.The kidneys were slightly swollen with pale cortices.The brain was diffusely oedematous, but there was no coning of the brain stem and no evidence of necrotising myopathy.
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE PASSIVE HEMAGGLUTINATION METHODS USED IN SEROLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Yoshio Takahashi, Seiichi Fujita, Akio Sasaki
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

The Middlebrook-Dubos hemagglutination test with normal red cells and the Boyden hemagglutination test with red cells tanned with tannic acid were shown to be strictly specific, for tubercle polysaccharide and for the protein antigens. The former test detects polysaccharide antibodies and the latter protein antibodies. Convincing evidence is given that polysaccharide does not adhere to the surface of tanned red cells nor protein to the normal red cell surface. Hemosensitizing ability and in vitro antigenicity were found to be two distinct properties of tubercle polysaccharide and protein antigens. The phosphatide hemagglutination test with normal red cells sensitized with tubercle phosphatide is also specific; it detects only phosphatide antibodies. The three different kinds of antibodies, antipolysaccharide, antiprotein, and antiphosphatide, were shown to be completely distinct from each other in tuberculous serum. Each of them can be completely removed from serum by absorption with red cells or kaolin particles coated with its corresponding antigen. The reliability of the cross-inhibition test is discussed.
Abstract 113: The TCGA proneural subtype predicts improved clinical outcome for low-grade oligodendrogliomas
Authors: Carlos S. Moreno, Lee Cooper, Sharath R. Cholleti, David Gutman, Tahsin Kurk, Daniel J. Brat, Joel H. Saltz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The Cancer Genome Atlas Project (TCGA) has produced a wide array of omic data on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors, and has resulted in several works on the molecular subtyping of GBM tumors. Despite its richness, the TCGA dataset currently contains very limited data for low-grade gliomas and progressive GBMs, preventing analysis of progression models and prognostic biomarker discovery for these tumor types. A complementary dataset, the NCI Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT), includes a collection of samples for low-grade and progressive gliomas. This data contains some paired tumors that progressed to GBM and like TCGA, includes pathological and survival information. Our in silico study of low-grade and progressive gliomas has leveraged this complementary data to examine the progression of low-grade gliomas to GBM. The REMBRANDT dataset includes 176 samples with survival outcome data, including 101 grade IV GBM, 32 astrocytomas, and 43 oligodendrogliomas. Of the astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, there are 31 grade II samples and 31 grade III samples, with the remainder lacking grade data. We have investigated the gene expression profiles of the REMBRANDT samples to compare them to the established classes from TCGA and other studies. Candidate prognostic biomarkers have been identified to predict the progression of low-grade gliomas. We have found that the TCGA Proneural subtype predicts improved clinical outcome for low-grade oligodendrogliomas, with significantly better survival among all 176 low and high-grade samples (log rank test p = 1.27e-08). Moreover, analysis of 62 grade II and grade III samples determined that the Proneural class still has significantly better outcome (p= 0.0033). Further sub-analysis to control for oligodendrogliomas and grade, found that grade III oligodendrogliomas with the Proneural signature still had significantly improved survival (p &amp;lt; 0.05, n = 12). Stratification using the signatures developed by Li et al that define six oligodendrioma and glioma subtypes demonstrated that the OA subclass had significantly better survival (log rank test p = 9.14e-08). However, these signatures were not significant in multivariate analysis after controlling for grade and disease subtype. Thus, the gene expression patterns identified in the TCGA analysis of GMB has intrinsic prognostic value for low-grade oligondendriomas, and likely represents important differences in tumor biology with implications for treatment and therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 113.
Effects of activation sequence and anisotropic cellular geometry on the repolarization phase of action potential of dog ventricular muscles.
Authors: T Osaka, I Kodama, N Tsuboi, J Toyama, K Yamada
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The influence of activation sequences on action potential configuration, especially in the repolarization phase, was examined in isolated canine ventricular muscles. Action potentials were recorded from the epicardial surface in the center of a preparation having nearly uniform fiber orientation (25 X 25 mm). Stimuli applied just adjacent to the recording site produced nearly centrifugal propagation. An activation sequence either parallel (longitudinal) or perpendicular (transverse) to the long axis of the muscle fibers was produced by peripheral stimulation. Action potential duration at -60 mV (APD-60 mV) during centrifugal propagation was significantly longer than that during longitudinal propagation. Further shortening of APD-60 mV was observed during transverse propagation. When a collision of longitudinal or transverse wavefronts (longitudinal or transverse collision) was produced at the action potential recording site, the shortest APD was recorded. During centrifugal propagation, action potential mapping around the stimulating electrodes revealed that APD-60 mV shortened gradually as the recording site was moved further from the stimulation site. The spatial gradient of APD was steeper in the transverse than in the longitudinal direction, causing a distortion in the repolarization sequence and the recovery of excitability near the center of the tissue. Premature stimuli applied to an area near the central stimulation site induced one-way block and circus movement of the wavefront, indicating reentry of excitation. We concluded that the activation sequence and anisotropic cellular geometry substantially affect APD, and that such a change contributes to the spatial inhomogeneity of refractoriness leading to reentrant arrhythmias.