tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Eczema Area and Severity Index for atopic dermatitis in a cohort of 1550 patients from the pimecrolimus cream 1% randomized controlled clinical trials programme
Authors: N. Barbier, C. Paul, T. Luger, R. Allen, Y. De Prost, K. Papp, L.f. Eichenfield, R. Cherill, J. Hanifin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Objective To validate the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) by assessing its internal consistency, reliability and sensitivity to change and by correlating it to other efficacy parameters. Design Three short-term and two long-term double-blind, randomized, controlled trials, performed in 138 study centres in Europe, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and North and South America. Patients and methods In total, 1550 paediatric patients with atopic dermatitis were studied. Pimecrolimus cream 1% was used twice daily to treat atopic dermatitis. The three short-term studies were placebo controlled. The two long-term studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of early intervention with pimecrolimus to prevent progression to disease flare requiring topical corticosteroid treatment, compared with reactive treatment with topical corticosteroids to treat flares of atopic dermatitis. Main outcome measures Five parameters were measured: (i) the EASI (range of score 0–72); (ii) Investigators' Global Assessment (IGA), using a six-point (0–5) scale; (iii) patients' assessment, using a four-point (0–3) scale; (iv) severity of pruritus assessment, using a four-point (0–3) scale; and (v) a quality-of-life evaluation. Results The EASI score varied in parallel and in correlation with the IGA, pruritus and patients' assessment. All correlation coefficients were statistically different from 0 (P < 0·05). The EASI correlated well with each of its components, and all paired comparisons were within agreed limits. The EASI showed good sensitivity to changes in severity. Conclusion In a large, multinational patient population with atopic dermatitis, the EASI showed good validity, reliability and sensitivity to change and correlated well with other measures of severity. It therefore qualifies as a valid method of assessment in clinical studies of atopic dermatitis.
PLEURAL EFFUSIONS IN CHILDREN.
Authors: C. F. WAHRER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

These affections are probably as old as the creation of man, as the conditions producing them must have obtained ever since man first became sick. Hence, I scarcely think that much that is new can be said on the subject; it is possible, however, that I may say something that will cause some one to search deeper than ever before, and thus enable him to save a life that otherwise would have been sacrificed. But the best motive I have in writing is to provoke some discussion that may throw more light on diagnosis or treatment that may prove of benefit to the practitioner and to the one mostly concerned, the patient. These pleural effusions, though fairly easily diagnosed by the expert, are too frequently overlooked by the rank and file of the profession, and, secondly, often when diagnosed, are not treated with sufficient vigor, but allowed to drift on
Prediction of Left Ventricular Function After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation for Chronic Total Coronary Occlusions
Authors: Timo Baks, Robert-Jan van Geuns, Dirk J. Duncker, Filippo Cademartiri, Nico R. Mollet, Gabriel P. Krestin, Patrick W. Serruys, Pim J. de Feyter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Killer tries to stop publication of inquiry into his care
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Michael Stone, the former psychiatric patient convicted of the murders of Lin and Megan Russell in Kent in 1996, is mounting an unprecedented legal challenge to try to stop publication of a report into his care before the killings.

It was the case of Mr Stone, who had received a diagnosis of a severe personality disorder before the murders, that prompted the UK government to propose a radical overhaul of mental health laws. The proposals have since been substantially scaled down.

In 1994 he was sectioned under the Mental Health Act, but doctors decided he …
Overtreated: Why Too Much Medicine Is Making Us Sicker and Poorer
Authors: Nortin M. Hadler
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Magnetic Nanocomposite Sol–Gel Systems for Remote Controlled Drug Release
Authors: Ashley M. Hawkins, Chelsie E. Bottom, Zhi Liang, David A. Puleo, J. Zach Hilt
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2011)

The remote heating of iron oxide nanoparticles in an alternating magnetic field is used to drive a thermoresponsive sol-gel block copolymer, Pluronic® F-127, through the upper phase transition temperature. This phase change triggers an accelerated release rate of a model drug. Actuation and return to baseline levels are demonstrated for multiple AMF doses.
Better Burning, Better Breathing: Improving Health with Cleaner Cook Stoves
Authors: Tina Adler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Opposite: Munnidevi Chhtrapalsingh cooks with fire inside her home in the village of Kolma, Uttar Pradesh, India.Kolma is participating in Project Surya (the Sanskrit word for "sun"), which aims to reduce atmospheric concentrations of black carbon by deploying cleaner-burning, energy-efficient cook stoves in homes such as this.This page: A family in Aviyur village, Tamil Nadu, cooks with a cost-effective stove that burns pellets made of agricultural waste.
Alzheimer's disease: early alterations in brain DNA methylation at ANK1, BIN1, RHBDF2 and other loci
Authors: Philip L De Jager, Gyan Srivastava, Katie Lunnon, Jeremy Burgess, Leonard C Schalkwyk, Lei Yu, Matthew L Eaton, Brendan T Keenan, Jason Ernst, Cristin McCabe, Anna Tang, Towfique Raj, Joseph Replogle, Wendy Brodeur, Stacey Gabriel, High S Chai, Curtis Younkin, Steven G Younkin, Fanggeng Zou, Moshe Szyf, Charles B Epstein, Julie A Schneider, Bradley E Bernstein, Alex Meissner, Nilufer Ertekin-Taner, Lori B Chibnik, Manolis Kellis, Jonathan Mill, David A Bennett
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
901-89 Enhanced Myocardial Relaxation In Vivo in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing the β 2 -Adrenergic Receptor
Authors: Howard A. Rockman, RaeAnn Hamilton, Carmelo A. Milano, Valmik Bhargava, Lan Mao, Robert J. Lef kowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Domestic Burning Accidents
Authors: A. P. Wyatt
Journal: BMJ (1964)

In respect of in-patients during 1961 in the Wessex Region there were 17,307 patients discharged from 892 beds in general medical wards, and 2,874 discharges from 607 beds in chest hospitals.These figures are not comparable because some of the chest hospital beds are necessarily and properly used for long-stay patients (e.g., tuberculosis, respiratory invalids, or lung-cancer cases),
Diagnosis of Ocular Surface Lesions Using Ultra–High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Mohamed Abou Shousha, Carol L. Karp, Ana Paula Canto, Kelly Hodson, Patrick Oellers, Andrew A. Kao, Brett Bielory, Jared Matthews, Sander R. Dubovy, Victor L. Perez, Jianhua Wang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule accelerates progression of crescentic glomerulonephritis in mice
Authors: Jin Huang, Anne Filipe, Cécile Rahuel, Philippe Bonnin, Laurent Mesnard, Coralie Guérin, Yu Wang, Caroline Le Van Kim, Yves Colin, Pierre-Louis Tharaux
Journal: Kidney International (2014)

Migration of circulating leukocytes from the vasculature into the surrounding tissue is an important component of the inflammatory response. Among the cell surface molecules identified as contributing to leukocyte extravasation is VCAM-1, expressed on activated vascular endothelium, which participates in all stages of leukocyte-endothelial interaction by binding to leukocyte surface expressed integrin VLA-4. However, not all VLA-4-mediated events can be linked to VCAM-1. A novel interaction between VLA-4 and endothelial Lutheran (Lu) blood group antigens and basal cell adhesion molecule (BCAM) proteins has been recently shown, suggesting that Lu/BCAM may have a role in leukocyte recruitments in inflamed tissues. Here, we assessed the participation of Lu/BCAM in the immunopathogenesis of crescentic glomerulonephritis. High expression of Lu/BCAM in glomeruli of mice with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis suggests a potential role for the local expression of Lu/BCAM in nephritogenic recruitment of leukocytes. Genetic deficiency of Lu/BCAM attenuated glomerular accumulation of T cells and macrophages, crescent formation, and proteinuria, correlating with reduced fibrin and platelet deposition in glomeruli. Furthermore, we found a pro-adhesive interaction between human monocyte α4β1 integrin and Lu/BCAM proteins. Thus, Lu/BCAM may have a critical role in facilitating the accumulation of monocytes and macrophages, thereby exacerbating renal injury.
Abstract LB-254: XBP1-NFkappaB signaling promotes antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer animal model.
Authors: Rong Hu, Alan Zwart, Anni Warri, Robert Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract There are nearly 3 million breast cancer survivors in the United States, with more than 230,000 women being newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer each year. Of total breast cancer patients, around 70 percent are estrogen receptor (ER) positive and often receive endocrine therapy. Endocrine resistance, either de novo or acquired, is a major hurdle for treating ER positive breast cancer patients. Unfolded protein response (UPR) is known to be activated and promote endocrine resistance in breast cancer cells. As an essential component of URP signaling, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) was shown up-regulated in endocrine resistant breast cancer. XBP1 was demonstrated as an important mediator for endocrine resistance in vitro cell culture model in our previous findings. In this study, the effect of XBP1 in endocrine resistance in animal model was examined. XBP1 contains two alternative splice variants: XBP1(S) and XBP1(U). In order to differentiate the role of each variant, we generated XBP1 mutant constructs that overexpress specifically only either the XBP1(S) or XBP1(U). The XBP1 over-expressing human breast cancer cells have been injected into the mammary fat pad of female nude mice. The preliminary data shows that the over-expression of both XBP1 splice variants promotes tumor growth in vivo. More importantly, tumors with over-expressed XBP1 show less sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. Our previous finding revealed that NFkappaB signaling is regulated by XBP1 and required for antiestrogen resistance in cultured cells. In the current study, we have treated XBP1-overexpressed breast tumor bearing animals with NFkappaB inhibitor Parthenolide, and find that it enhances tamoxifen sensitivity. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that XBP1-NFkappaB signaling plays an important role in antiestrogen resistance in vivo. Citation Format: Rong Hu, Alan Zwart, Anni Warri, Robert Clarke. XBP1-NFkappaB signaling promotes antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer animal model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-254. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-254
Fungal Sinusitis and Marijuana
Authors: Ira S. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Concerning the recent report inThe Journalentitled "Allergic Sino-orbital Mycosis" in which<i>Curvularia lunata</i>was identified,<sup>1</sup>I believe it is relevant to cite the previously documented association between marijuana smoking and<i>Aspergillus</i>infestation of the nasal sinuses.<sup>2,3</sup>It has been demonstrated that various species of<i>Aspergillus</i>may contaminate the marijuana in cigarettes (11 of 12 samples tested by Kagen<sup>2</sup>). In this series, marijuana smokers also had a significantly greater incidence of precipitating antibodies to this fungus in their serum compared with controls.<sup>2</sup>The patient described by Brummund and coworkers inThe Journalwas said to have "smoked marijuana occasionally." It would be of interest to determine whether recreational marijuana of various sources is contaminated by a variety of fungi, including<i>C lunata</i>, which may serve as a source of fungal sinusitis.
Mental Status in Phthisis.
Authors: S. A. Knopf
Journal: JAMA (1903)

New York City, Sept. 14, 1903. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Under the above title a correspondent inThe Journalof the American Medical Association, August 29, p. 767, asks two questions concerning the mental condition of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. May I, by reason of a somewhat extensive experience with phthisical patients, be permitted to reply and start a discussion, trusting that the interesting subject may cause others, specialists in phthisiotherapy, and particularly general practitioners, to express their opinions through the medium ofThe Journal? The family physician more than anyone else should be heard from on this subject, for he must of necessity be more familiar with the psychologic and mental condition of the members of a family which he has attended for years, than the specialist or consulting physician could be. The first question was: "Are persons who are afflicted with pulmonary consumption prone to attribute their physical weakness
IL-22 is required for Th17 cell–mediated pathology in a mouse model of psoriasis-like skin inflammation
Authors: Hak-Ling Ma, Spencer Liang, Jing Li, Lee Napierata, Tom Brown, Stephen Benoit, Mayra Senices, Davinder Gill, Kyriaki Dunussi-Joannopoulos, Mary Collins, Cheryl Nickerson-Nutter, Lynette A. Fouser, Deborah A. Young
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease resulting from the dysregulated interplay between keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells. We report on a psoriasis-like disease model, which is induced by the transfer of CD4+CD45RBhiCD25– cells to pathogen-free scid/scid mice. Psoriasis-like lesions had elevated levels of antimicrobial peptide and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA. Also, similar to psoriasis, disease progression in this model was dependent on the p40 common to IL-12 and IL-23. To investigate the role of IL-22, a Th17 cytokine, in disease progression, mice were treated with IL-22–neutralizing antibodies. Neutralization of IL-22 prevented the development of disease, reducing acanthosis (thickening of the skin), inflammatory infiltrates, and expression of Th17 cytokines. Direct administration of IL-22 into the skin of normal mice induced both antimicrobial peptide and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. Our data suggest that IL-22, which acts on keratinocytes and other nonhematopoietic cells, is required for development of the autoreactive Th17 cell–dependent disease in this model of skin inflammation. We propose that IL-22 antagonism might be a promising therapy for the treatment of human psoriasis.
Artificial Intelligence and Psychiatry
Authors: Neil S. Alex
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The author states his intention to present an overview of the area of artificial intelligence as it relates to psychiatry, giving the practicing psychiatrist without computer experience insight into a field of ever increasing relevance to psychological understanding. He succeeds only partially, as his attempts to provide a rigorous presentation will cause many members of his intended audience to lay aside a book that provides an elegant presentation of a wide range of topics relating to the description and representation (in artificial intelligence terms) of the complexities of human logic and language, with particular reference to psychopathologic states. After defining artificial intelligence, he attempts to describe the fallacies of modeling approaches to problem solving. He correctly states that it is not necessary that the computer solve problems in the same manner as the human clinician. He may lose the computer novice in his brief references to serial versus parallel processing,
Methylene Blue in the Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
Authors: Giovanni Rolla, Caterina Bucca, Luisa Brussino
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: The hepatopulmonary syndrome, which is characterized by hypoxemia due to intrapulmonary shunting or a ventilation-perfusion mismatch (or both), develops in some patients with liver cirrhosis. Patients with this syndrome have no apparent parenchymal lung disease but may have orthodeoxia, the unusual finding of increased hypoxemia with the change from a supine to a standing position.1 Increased endogenous production of nitric oxide may play a part in the hyperdynamic circulation that is typical of patients with the hepatopulmonary syndrome. An increased concentration of exhaled nitric oxide has recently been reported in one such patient; hypoxemia resolved and the . . .
Gender and cutaneous melanoma
Authors: J.G. MILLER, S.MAC NEIL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Current evidence suggesting that a patient's sex is relevant to the progression of cutaneous melanoma is largely epidemiological. Although databases of patients with melanomas have for many years shown a survival advantage for female patients with primary melanoma, it has been difficult to evaluate contribution of other known prognostic variables such as thickness and site of the primary tumour, factors which also tend to be related to sex. In addition, there are data from a limited number of experimental studies and clinical trials which support the concept of female survival superiority in melanoma. This paper attempts to summarize the evidence for gender being an important factor in melanoma survival.
Functional identification of constraints on feature creation
Authors: Phillipe G. Schyns, Robert L. Goldstone, Jean-Pierre Thibaut
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Dawson's provocative comment makes three connected points: (1) to be falsifiable, theories that assume flexible features must constrain their feature creation and mechanisms, (2) the explanatory power of such functional theories is rooted in the properties of their underlying physical mechanisms, and (3) to derive the relevant constraints of feature creation from these mechanisms, it is critical to avoid the scope slip. We will argue here that even though we agree with (1) and (2), (3) confuses two different levels of analysis of computational systems: the functional identification and the physical implementation of relevant constraints.
Use of screening tests to assess cancer risk and to estimate the risk of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Authors: T Yanagawa, S Tokudome
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

We developed methods to assess the cancer risks by screening tests. These methods estimate the size of the high risk group adjusted for the characteristics of screening tests and estimate the incidence rates of cancer among the high risk group adjusted for the characteristics of the tests. A method was also developed for selecting the cut-off point of a screening test. Finally, the methods were applied to estimate the risk of the adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
Characterization of two distinct primary T cell populations that secrete interleukin 2 upon recognition of class I or class II major histocompatibility antigens.
Authors: T Mizuochi, S Ono, T R Malek, A Singer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

This study has characterized the primary T cell subpopulations that secrete IL-2 in response to recognition of either class I or class II MHC encoded determinants. The addition to culture of anti-IL-2-R mAb inhibited the consumption of IL-2 by activated lymphocytes during the response period, permitting a much more accurate assessment of the amount of IL-2 produced in the response cultures. Using this response system, we found that primary T cell populations contain two IL-2-secreting T cell subsets that express reciprocal phenotypes and different MHC recognition specificities: an L3T4+, Lyt-2- T cell subset responsive to both class I and class II MHC alloantigens, and an L3T4-Lyt-2+ T cell subset responsive only to class I MHC alloantigens. The L3T4+ T cell subset expressed a broad functional response repertoire in that L3T4+ T cells were triggered to secrete IL-2 upon recognition of unmodified self-Ia determinants, allogeneic Ia determinants, and class I alloantigens presented by self-Ia determinants. The activation of L3T4+ IL-2-secreting T cells, even those responsive to class I MHC alloantigens, could be blocked completely by anti-Ia mAbs, confirming that the L3T4+ T cell subset was in fact class II restricted. In contrast, the Lvt-2+ T cell subset expressed a narrow functional response repertoire in that they were triggered to secrete IL-2 only in response to allogeneic class I MHC determinants, and were not triggered to secrete IL-2 even in response to TNP-modified self-MHC determinants. The specificity of Lyt-2+ IL-2-secreting T cells for class I MHC allodeterminants was confirmed by the observations that: (a) their activation could be blocked completely by anti-class I mAbs, (b) they could be triggered by Ia- cell lines which expressed class I MHC alloantigens and possessed accessory function, and (c) they responded to class I MHC alloantigens but failed to respond to class II MHC alloantigens, even in the presence of exogenously added second signals that circumvented the requirement for alloantigen-bearing accessory cells. Finally, the frequency of primary Lyt-2+ T cells that secreted IL-2 in response to class I (Kbm1) MHC alloantigens was shown to be only minimally lower than that of L3T4+ T cells that secreted IL-2 in response to class II (I-Abm12) MHC alloantigens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)