tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suitability of Fetal Tissue for Transplantation
Authors: Maria Michejda
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The 6-month study of the suitability for transplantation<sup>1</sup>of fetal tissues derived from spontaneous abortions (SAbs) and ectopic pregnancies (EPs) was conceived and delivered in a very political climate. The question of the use of fetal tissue(s) from spontaneous vs elective abortions has been caught up in the political debate of pro-life vs prochoice issues, which also directly affects the scientific community. Unfortunately, the emotions and the lack of objectivity, as well as the lack of true scientific inquiry in certain quarters of the scientific community, have jeopardized the scientific integrity of the study even before it was initiated. The results reported in the aforementioned article represent data from five independent studies supported by National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and National Institutes of Health funds. The results reported in the article by Dr Branch and colleagues<sup>1</sup>on EPs confirmed our earlier prediction
Risk of minor and major fetal malformations in diabetics with high haemoglobin A1c values in early pregnancy.
Authors: K Ylinen, P Aula, U H Stenman, T Kesaniemi-Kuokkanen, K Teramo
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Maternal haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values were measured before the end of the 15th week of gestation in 142 pregnancies in women with insulin dependent diabetes. In pregnancies complicated by fetal malformations (n = 17) the mean initial HbA1c value was 9.5 (SD 1.8)% of the total haemoglobin concentration, which was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than in pregnancies without malformations (8.0 (SD 1.4)%; n = 125). HbA1c values did not differ between pregnancies complicated by minor and major fetal malformations, but the rate of malformations showed a positive relation to the HbA1c value in early pregnancy (chi 2 = 11.9; p = 0.001). Fetal malformations occurred in six out of 17 pregnancies (35.3%) in mothers whose initial HbA1c value was 10% or more, in eight out of 62 pregnancies (12.9%) in mothers with initial values between 8.0% and 9.9%, and in only three out of 63 pregnancies (4.8%) in mothers with an initial value below 8.0%. These data support the hypothesis that the increased incidence of fetal malformations in mothers with insulin dependent diabetes is associated with maternal hyperglycaemia during organogenesis. Hence diabetic women who are planning to have a child--especially those with a high HbA1c value--should receive intensified metabolic control.
Concerning Mesenteric Arthritis
Authors: W. A. Redman
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I enjoyed the abstract of the report of mesenteric arthritis (<b>200</b>, April 17, 1967, adv p 196) which appeared originally in the<i>Archives of Internal Medicine</i>. It is refreshing to learn that The course of the disease in all three patients was complicated by an episode of intestinal infarction, resulting from arthritis of the mesenteric vessels. New discovery of this magnitude deserves illustration on the front cover.
UK to spend 250m on proton beam treatment despite no appraisal by NICE
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The NHS is to spend up to £250m (€303m; $396m) to build two centres for proton beam therapy for cancer, the health secretary announced on 5 April.

The machines, which deliver high energy beams of subatomic particles, will be built at the Christie NHS Foundation Trust in Manchester and at University College Hospitals London NHS Foundation Trust, and the Department of Health said they would benefit around 1500 patients a year.

The treatment is complex and costly, and will not be fully available in England until 2017. Until then, the NHS will continue to fund the treatment abroad of those deemed suitable, which includes some children …
P1-209: Surgery and radiotherapy versus radiotherapy in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) responding to chemotherapy with paclitaxel, etoposide phosphate, and carboplatin (TEC) - analysis of a randomized phase- II-trial
Authors: Martin Reck, Michael Baumann, Ulrich Gatzemeier, Bernward Passlick, Michael Thomas
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Measurement of Mitral Regurgitation in Man from Simultaneous Atrial and Arterial Dilution Curves after Ventricular Injection
Authors: GILBERT E. LEVINSON, SAMUEL W. STEIN, RICHARD A. CARLETON, WALTER H. ABELMANN
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Measurements of forward and regurgitant flow were obtained in 16 patients with rheumatic disease of the mitral valve by means of simultaneous systemic arterial and left atrial dilution curves after injection of Evans-blue dye into the left ventricle. The results indicate that satisfactory measurements of forward flow may be obtained with injections into the left ventricle and that the calculated regurgitant flow has a good correlation with the severity of mitral insufficiency, as estimated clinically and surgically. The mean and range of regurgitant flow, expressed as a per cent of estimated total left ventricular output, for patients with pure mitral stenosis, predominant stenosis with mild to moderate insufficiency, and predominant or pure insufficiency, were 6 per cent (0 to 11), 21 per cent (8 to 39), and 58 per cent (28 to 82), respectively. Eight studies in six patients, however, gave results that were either mathematically absurd, physiologically incredible, in conflict with diagnostic evidence, or otherwise suspect. Moreover, in the seven patients in whom satisfactory duplicate studies were obtained, the reproducibility of results was poor: the mean absolute difference in successive measurements was 17 per cent of total left ventricular output and the coefficient of variation was 23 per cent of an observation. It is suggested that the principal source of error lies in unrepresentative sampling from the left atrium in the presence of incomplete mixing of indicator with blood in the cardiac chambers. In some patients, an additional and possibly appreciable error may arise from the existence of an enhanced pulmonary collateral blood flow, which provides an alternative short pathway from the left ventricle to the left atrium. It is concluded that, with conventional sampling technics, this theoretically sound approach is too capricious to be a dependable quantitative method.
Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Survivors of Severe Sepsis
Authors: Sachin Yende, Walter Linde-Zwirble, Florian Mayr, Lisa A. Weissfeld, Steven Reis, Derek C. Angus
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Rationale: The risk of cardiovascular events after severe sepsis is not known, and these events may explain increased long-term mortality in survivors of severe sepsis.Objectives: To determine whether survivors of severe sepsis hospitalization have high long-term risk of cardiovascular events. We examined whether higher risk is due to severe sepsis hospitalization or poor prehospitalization health status, and if the higher risk is also observed in patients hospitalized for infectious and noninfectious reasons, and in other critically ill patients.Methods: Unmatched and matched-cohort analyses of Medicare beneficiaries. For unmatched analysis, we compared patients with severe sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and survived hospitalization (n = 4,179) to unmatched population control subjects (n = 819,283). For matched analysis, we propensity-score-matched each patient with severe sepsis to four control subjects (population, hospitalized, non–severe sepsis ICU control subjects, and infection hospitalization). Primary outcome was 1-year incidence rate of hospitalization for cardiovascular events.Measurements and Main Results: Cardiovascular events were common among patients discharged alive after severe sepsis hospitalization (29.5%; 498.2 events/1,000 person-years). Survivors of severe sepsis had a 13-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events compared with unmatched control subjects (498.2 vs. 36 events/1,000 person-years; P < 0.0001), and a 1.9-fold higher risk compared with matched-population control subjects (P < 0.0001). Survivors of severe sepsis had 1.1-fold higher risk compared with matched hospitalized patients and infection hospitalizations (P = 0.002 and 0.001) and similar risk compared with matched-ICU control subjects.Conclusions: Survivors of severe sepsis have high risk of cardiovascular events. The higher risk is mainly due to poor prehospitalization health status, and is also seen in a broader population of acutely ill patients.
Nifedipine and Agranulocytosis
Authors: ARNOLD J. VOTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1983Nifedipine and AgranulocytosisARNOLD J. VOTH, M.D., RICHARD H. TURNER, M.D.ARNOLD J. VOTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD H. TURNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-882_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We write to report a case of agranulocytosis we believe was probably caused by nifedipine.A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on 6 May with a 2-day history of chest pain, fever and chills, and a sore throat. She had been taking warfarin, propranolol, chloral hydrate on an as-needed basis, and nifedipine. The only positive physical findings were a temperature of 39 °C, marked tachycardia of 130 beats/min, and minor tenderness over the sternal incision. Admission laboratory data included a hemoglobin value of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ARNOLD J. VOTH, M.D.; RICHARD H. TURNER, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Royal Alexandra Hospital Edmonton, Alberta, Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCalcium channel blockersDrugs Used to Treat Hypertension, Heart Failure, and Angina PectorisCalcium channel blockersReversible Neutropenia during Treatment with Olanzapine: Three Case ReportsUnerwünschte Wirkungen von Calciumantagonisten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Verträglichkeit von GallopamilSide Effects — Overdosage — Contraindications — Drug InteractionsDrug-Induced AgranulocytosisNebenwirkungen — Überdosierung (Vergiftung) — Kontraindikationen — ArzneimittelinteraktionenAntianginal and β-adrenoceptor antagonistsAntianginal and β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 1 December 1983Volume 99, Issue 6Page: 882-882KeywordsFeversHemoglobinHydratesIschemiaPharyngitisResearch laboratoriesTachycardiaTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Continuous Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy and the Associated Risk of Recurrent<i>Clostridium difficile</i>Infection
Authors: Emily G. McDonald, Jonathon Milligan, Charles Frenette, Todd C. Lee
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and a high risk of recurrence. Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is associated with an initial episode of CDI, and PPIs are frequently overprescribed. For many, the use of PPIs could likely be discontinued before CDI recurrence.To determine whether PPI use was associated with a risk of initial CDI recurrence, to assess what proportion of patients who developed CDI were taking a PPI for a non-evidence-based indication, and to evaluate whether physicians discontinued unnecessary PPIs in the context of CDI.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of incident health care-associated CDI cases to determine the association between continuous PPI use and CDI recurrence within 90 days. The setting was 2 university-affiliated hospitals, the 417-bed Montreal General Hospital (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) and the 517-bed Royal Victoria Hospital (Montreal, Quebec, Canada). The cohort consisted of 754 patients who developed health care-associated CDI between January 1, 2010, and January 30, 2013, and who survived for a minimum of 15 days after their initial episode of nosocomial CDI.Continuous PPI use.Recurrence of CDI within 15 to 90 days of the initial episode.Using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model, the cause-specific hazard ratios for recurrence were 1.5 (95% CI, 1.1-2.0) for age older than 75 years, 1.5 (95% CI, 1.1-2.0) for continuous PPI use, 1.003 (95% CI, 1.002-1.004) per day for length of stay, and 1.3 (95% CI, 0.9-1.7) for antibiotic reexposure. The use of PPIs was common (60.7%), with only 47.1% of patients having an evidence-based indication. Proton pump inhibitors were discontinued in only 3 patients with CDI.After adjustment for other independent predictors of recurrence, patients with continuous PPI use remained at elevated risk of CDI recurrence. We suggest that the cessation of unnecessary PPI use should be considered at the time of CDI diagnosis.
Human heart sarcolemmal sheath antibodies in children with non-suppurative sequelae of group A streptococcal infections: a follow up study.
Authors: H A Majeed, A M Yousof, J Pokorny, R Bicova, G Bahr, K Behbahani, J Rotta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

The kinetics of the human heart sarcolemmal sheath antibody were studied in children with acute rheumatic fever who had no carditis, children with acute rheumatic fever who had carditis and developed rheumatic heart disease, and in children with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The children with rheumatic fever and those who developed valvular heart disease were given continuous secondary antistreptococcal prophylaxis. The titre of antibody at onset was significantly higher than that of the controls in children with acute rheumatic fever and carditis and in children with acute poststreptococcal nephritis. The difference in the antibody titre between children with rheumatic fever who had no carditis and controls was not statistically significant. After a mean follow up of three years, however, a high titre was only maintained in children with rheumatic fever who developed valvular heart disease.
G2 Cell Cycle Arrest and Cyclophilin A in Lentiviral Gene Transfer
Authors: Shangming Zhang, Guiandre Joseph, Karen Pollok, Lionel Berthoux, Lakshmi Sastry, Jeremy Luban, Kenneth Cornetta
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Lentiviral vectors derived from the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) have a higher propensity to transduce nondividing cells compared to vectors based on oncoretroviruses. We report here that genistein, a previously known protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor and G2 cell cycle arrest inducer, significantly enhanced lentiviral transduction in a dose-dependent manner. Increased transduction, as measured by vector expression, was seen in a variety of human cell lines, murine primary lymphocytes, and primary human CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitor cells as well. Increased vector expression was also associated with an increase in vector DNA copy number, as assessed by quantitative PCR. Genistein-mediated G2 cell cycle arrest, rather than PTK inhibition, appears to be the major factor responsible for increased gene transfer. Genistein also increases cyclophilin A (CypA) protein, a cellular protein important for efficient HIV-1 infection. While we show that CypA(-/-) Jurkat cells transduce poorly with lentiviral vectors, genistein does increase gene transfer in CypA-deficient cells. CypA and G2 cell cycle arrest appear to be two independent factors important for efficient lentiviral gene transfer. The role of genistein and other G2-arresting agents may be useful for improving the efficiency of lentiviral gene therapy.
Recent Government Decision Refocuses Attention on Several Cases of Alleged Scientific Misconduct
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A GOVERNMENT appeals board has overruled findings of scientific misconduct by a Cleveland (Ohio) Clinic Foundation scientist, Rameshwar K. Sharma, MD, made by another government entity. The misconduct charge involved making two false statements in grant applications to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md. Handing down its decision, the appeals board said that the Office of Research Integrity had "failed to carry its burden of proving scientific misconduct by a preponderance of the evidence as to either grant application." The panel's decision is the first to be made under a revised system of handling misconduct cases set up last summer by James O. Mason, MD, then Assistant Secretary for Health. One of the changes Mason made was to allow scientists charged with misconduct the right of appeal to an independent adjudicatory body (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:848). Under this system, a tribunal held a hearing on the Sharma case last May.
Induction of labour using prostaglandin E2 pessaries.
Authors: C J Hutchins
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The blanket use of prostaglandin E2 pessaries, as reported by Mr J H Shepherd and his colleagues (14 July, p 108), does concern me. While they did draw attention to the need for fetal monitoring in such patients, I wonder how satisfactorily this can be achieved, especially in relatively high-risk cases, under such circumstances and whether such monitoring could not be better achieved by direct fetal ECG monitoring after rupture of the membranes. Their suggestion that low-risk cases do not need monitoring under such circumstances must also be questioned. While prostaglandin given vaginally is undoubtedly effective in achieving cervical softening, be it by the effect of circulating oestradiol or, as we are currently assessing in this unit, by an effect on collagenase activity in the cervix, the response to such treatment is widely regarded as very variable--as noted in this series, where a number of patients laboured after a single administration and some failed to respond to two such administrations of prostaglandin E2. Its blanket use in a fixed-dose regimen must be questionable under such circumstances and it must be only a matter of time before the hypertonus already reported recurs with more serious consequences. The transfer of a patient in labour starting after the administration of prostaglandin E2 vaginally on the antenatal ward may not be always as rapid and smooth as is necessary if monitoring is to be instituted sufficiently early in labour to avoid occasional fetal asphyxia. A routine induction policy must carry with it some risk and I would be concerned to see it generally applied without the recognition of this problem.
Clinical "Assay" of Corticotrophin: Preliminary Comparison of Methods
Authors: B. M. Ansell, E. G. L. Bywaters
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1952)

An infant with male pseudohermaphroditism due to deficiency of 5-alpha-reductase is described, the elder of two affected male siblings. These patients, who come from Pakistan, are the first to be described outside America.
A SIMPLE METHOD OF ELIMINATING DANGER OF EXPLOSION DUE TO STATIC SPARK IN GAS-OXYGEN APPARATUS
Authors: W. B. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Ethylene has been used at the Battle Creek Sanitarium for nearly all the major and minor surgery since February, 1924, and has proved a most satisfactory anesthetic. We have had no accidents thus far, although the new anesthetic has been used under conditions similar to those in other hospitals until the present apparatus was devised. Luckhardt, 1 Brown, 2 and Davis 3 have in recent articles given conditions under which ethylene might explode, but have not made definite suggestions or recommendations as to the arrangement of the anesthesia apparatus to avoid these accidents. As far as we know, up to the present time the manufacturers of anesthesia apparatus have not equipped their machines with any device that will eliminate the possibility of explosions.  We have made various tests by means of a static machine and the electroscope, and have demonstrated that a simple arrangement that grounds every part of the
Abstract 3213: GRHL2 enhances hTERT transcription by inhibiting promoter DNA methylation at 5’ CpG island
Authors: Wei Chen, Qinghua Dong, Ki-Hyuk Shin, Reuben H Kim, JE Oh, No-Hee Park, Mo Kwan Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We recently identified Grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2), a mammalian homologue of Grainyhead in Drosophila, to be a novel transcription factor that binds to and regulates the activity of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene promoter. In the current study, we investigated the biological function of GRHL2 in normal human keratinocytes (NHK) and elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying GRHL2 regulation of hTERT gene expression. Primary NHK were infected with retroviral vectors expressing GRHL2 or the empty vector. GRHL2 transduction led to significant extension of the replicative lifespan of NHK by evading the senescence block. However, GRHL2 failed to cause immortalization of NHK, alone or in combination with Bmi-1, a polycomb group protein that bestows extended replication capacity to NHK. Enhanced proliferation of cells transduced with GRHL2 was also observed in three dimensional organotypic raft culture. Telomerase activity was detected in replicating NHK while it was rapidly lost during senescence. GRHL2 transduction increased the expression of hTERT and maintained detectable telomerase activity for extended time period, suggesting that GRHL2 positively influences the hTERT expression and telomerase activity in NHK. Upon knockdown of endogenous GRHL2, hTERT mRNA expression and telomerase activity were notably reduced. We previously showed that hTERT expression in NHK is regulated in part by promoter methylation at the 5’ CpG island. Thus, we determined the effects of GRHL2 on the methylation status of hTERT promoter by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Loss of hTERT expression in the control NHK occurred with hTERT promoter hypermethylation. On the contrary, GRHL2 transduction notably reduced the extent of promoter methylation in NHK. This effect was not linked with enhanced cell proliferation because Bmi-1 transduction in NHK, which allowed prolonged cell proliferation, showed no effect on the hTERT promoter methylation. These data indicate that GRHL2 inhibits the promoter DNA methylation, thereby delaying hTERT gene inactivation and senescence of NHK. This study was supported by the grants R01DE18295, K02DE18959 from NIDCR/NIH. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3213.