tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sexual Activity and Counseling in the First Month After Acute Myocardial Infarction Among Younger Adults in the United States and Spain
Authors: Stacy Tessler Lindau, Emily M. Abramsohn, Héctor Bueno, Gail D’Onofrio, Judith H. Lichtman, Nancy P. Lorenze, Rupa Mehta Sanghani, Erica S. Spatz, John A. Spertus, Kelly Strait, Kristen Wroblewski, Shengfan Zhou, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

United States and European cardiovascular society guidelines recommend physicians counsel patients about resuming sexual activity after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but little is known about patients' experience with counseling about sexual activity after AMI.The prospective, longitudinal Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study, conducted at 127 hospitals in the United States and Spain, was designed, in part, to evaluate gender differences in baseline sexual activity, function, and patient experience with physician counseling about sexual activity after an AMI. This study used baseline and 1-month data collected from the 2:1 sample of women (N=2349) and men (N=1152) ages 18 to 55 years with AMI. Median age was 48 years. Among those who reported discussing sexual activity with a physician in the month after AMI (12% of women, 19% of men), 68% were given restrictions: limit sex (35%), take a more passive role (26%), and/or keep the heart rate down (23%). In risk-adjusted analyses, factors associated with not discussing sexual activity with a physician included female gender (relative risk, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.11), age (relative risk, 1.05 per 10 years; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.08), and sexual inactivity at baseline (relative risk, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.15). Among patients who received counseling, women in Spain were significantly more likely to be given restrictions than U.S. women (relative risk; 1.36, 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.66).Very few patients reported counseling for sexual activity after AMI. Those who did were commonly given restrictions not supported by evidence or guidelines.http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00597922.
Acetazolamide-Induced Weakness in Paramyotonia Congenita
Authors: JACK E. RIGGS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Acetazolamide has been shown to be effective prophylaxis for both hypokalemic and hyperkalemic periodic paralysis. A patient with paramyotonia congenita, a related disorder with myotonia and episodic weakness, was studied during treatment with acetazolamide. Although the patient's myotonia was virtually abolished, severe quadriparesis was produced during each trial of acetazolamide. This response distinguished this patient's condition from other forms of familial periodic paralysis and suggests that acetazolamide may be deleterious to some patients with periodic paralysis.
Enhanced expression of superoxide dismutase messenger RNA in viral myocarditis. An SH-dependent reduction of its expression and myocardial injury.
Authors: H Suzuki, A Matsumori, Y Matoba, B S Kyu, A Tanaka, J Fujita, S Sasayama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The oxygen free radical system has been reported to be activated by influenza virus infection in the lungs. However, the involvement of oxygen radicals in viral myocarditis is still unknown. Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and potent free radical scavenger with a sulfhydryl group, was effective for the treatment of viral myocarditis, while enalapril, an ACE inhibitor without a sulfhydryl group, was not effective against acute myocarditis. In this study, we investigated the role of oxygen radicals in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis and the therapeutic effects of agents with a sulfhydryl group. 4-wk-old BALB/c mice were inoculated with the encephalomyocarditis virus, and treated with captopril or N,2-mercapto-propionyl glycine (MPG), a sulfhydryl-containing amino acid derivative without ACE inhibiting property, from days 4 to 14. On day 14, captopril and MPG significantly improved survival of mice and myocardial injury (necrosis, cellular infiltration, and calcification) in a dose-dependent manner compared with the infected control group. Thus, captopril and MPG were effective for the treatment of virus-induced myocarditis. Furthermore, a striking induction of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and copper/zinc SOD (Cu/Zn-SOD) mRNAs in infected hearts was found (8-13-fold for Mn-SOD and 4-11-fold for Cu/Zn-SOD) when compared with age-matched uninfected mice hearts. MPG completely inhibited the increase of both mRNAs, even when treatment was started on day 4. Thus, oxygen radicals may play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis, and a therapeutic approach by eliminating oxygen radicals seems possible.
Static pressure-volume curves and body posture in severe chronic bronchitis
Authors: S. D. Mentzelopoulos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Based on prior data, the current authors hypothesised that beneficial pronation effects on gas exchange and respiratory mechanics might be maximised in severely hyperinflated chronic bronchitis patients. The current authors also sought to elucidate underlying mechanisms and to determine whether pronation effects are reflected by postural changes in inspiratory pressure–volume (P–V) curve characteristics. A total of 16 mechanically ventilated patients (for 16–36 h) with chronic bronchitis exacerbation were studied in pre-prone semirecumbent (SREC), prone and post-prone SREC postures. Static respiratory system intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP<sub>i,rs</sub>) was &gt;12 cmH<sub>2</sub>O. Haemodynamics, partitioned respiratory mechanics, gas exchange, and lung volumes were determined at zero external positive end-expiratory pressure. P–V curves were constructed from functional residual capacity. End-expiratory lung volume exceeded opening volume. Prone position <i>versus</i> pre-prone SREC resulted in 20% reduced pressure at the lower inflection point (LIP) and 17% increased volume at the upper inflection point of the lung P–V curve, improved lung mechanics and volumes, oxygenation, and carbon dioxide arterial tension (<i>P</i><sub>a,CO<sub>2</sub></sub>). In multiple linear regression, postural decreases in PEEP<sub>i,rs</sub> and additional lung resistance independently predicted postural decreases in lung LIP pressure and <i>P</i><sub>a,CO<sub>2</sub></sub>, respectively. In conclusion, in severely hyperinflated patients, pronation reduces lung lower inflection point pressure and increases lung upper inflection point volume. Pronation effects on ventilation homogeneity and carbon dioxide arterial tension are maximised, implying that pronation can be useful during early controlled ventilation.
GP performance website will aid communication with patients, says government
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Plans to allow patients in England and Wales to comment on the service they receive from GPs on a government website will be a good way for doctors to keep abreast of their patients’ views, Department of Health officials have said.

The department says it wants general practices to monitor comments posted by patients on the website and to respond where appropriate to “demonstrate two way communication.”

But the BMA is concerned that the new arrangement, which is due to start in the summer, not only marks an end …
Progression of HIV infection in misusers of injected drugs who stop injecting or follow a programme of maintenance treatment with methadone.
Authors: R Weber, B Ledergerber, M Opravil, W Siegenthaler, R Luthy
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To see whether misusers of injected drugs who stop injecting or switch to a programme of maintenance treatment with methadone have a reduced risk of progression of HIV infection when compared with a group of persistent misusers. DESIGN--Observational cohort study in HIV seropositive subjects with a current or past history of misusing injected drugs. SETTING--HIV outpatient clinic at the University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland. PATIENTS--297 Current and former parenteral drug misusers (median age 27) with asymptomatic HIV infection. During the observation period 80 subjects adhered to a programme of maintenance treatment with methadone, 124 continued with parenteral drug misuse, and 93 former misusers remained free of illicit drugs. No antiretroviral treatment was given during the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Probability of progression of HIV infection from asymptomatic to symptomatic (Centers for Disease Control stage IV) as calculated by life table analysis and compared in the three groups of patients by means of a log rank test, and predictors of disease progression as analysed with a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS--The 297 patients were followed up for a median of 16 months. The median duration of injecting drug misuse before enrollment was 7.1 years. There were no significant differences among the three groups with respect to CD4+ counts at the beginning of the study (median 0.44 x 10(9)/l). Life table analysis showed a significantly lower probability of progression of HIV disease in both the methadone treated group and former drug misusers than in persistent injecting drug misusers. Multivariate regression analysis showed a relative risk of progression of the disease of 1.78 (95% confidence interval 1.20 to 2.67; p less than 0.01) in persistent injecting drug misusers, 0.48 (0.29 to 0.77; p less than 0.01) in the methadone treated group, and 0.66 (0.41 to 1.06; p = 0.085) in former drug misusers. CONCLUSIONS--Stopping the misuse of injected drugs slows the progression of HIV disease in infected subjects. Drug treatment programmes are effective in secondary prevention of HIV associated morbidity.
TREATMENT OF NOCARDIAL MYCETOMA WITH SULPHAMETHOXYPYRIDAZINE.
Authors: SOMNEUK VIPULYASEKHA, H. SAMAN VATHANABHUTI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article TREATMENT OF NOCARDIAL MYCETOMA WITH SULPHAMETHOXYPYRIDAZINE. Get access SOMNEUK VIPULYASEKHA, M.B., D.T.M., SOMNEUK VIPULYASEKHA, M.B., D.T.M. Dermatological Clinic, Army Hospital, Bangko Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. SAMAN VATHANABHUTI, M.D., Ph. D. H. SAMAN VATHANABHUTI, M.D., Ph. D. Department of Medical Science, Ministry of Health, Bangkok, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 5, 1 May 1960, Pages 188–190, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13873.x Published: 01 May 1960
Making an Outline
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1968)

There are as many ways of writing as there are authors. Each must find his own particular way of doing things, and what comes easy for one may be quite difficult or impossible for another. Fortunately, there is no such thing as<i>the</i>way to prepare an article or a book. Experienced writers can describe methods that have proven helpful to themselves— and may prove helpful to others. But nothing could be more absurd than to set out definitive rules for achieving a finished composition. Of all the sacred cows which graze in the field of medical writing, perhaps the most sacred is The Outline. The Outline, we learn, is the framework, the skeleton. It displays the major and minor categories and topics in as much detail as you can muster. To use an outline properly you must accumulate a vast quantity of cards on which you have written your
Vascular Diseases: Surgical and Interventional Therapy
Authors: C V Ruckley
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Ed D Eugene Strandness, Arina van Breda Churchill Livingstone, pounds sterling245, pp 1332 ISBN 0-443-08841-1

Around the globe, vascular services are in turmoil. The causes? Increasing vascular disease both in absolute terms and as a proportion of medical need in aging populations, together with the resource implications of spectacular developments in diagnostic techniques and treatments. Vascular care has depended almost since its inception on radiology, but the effective treatments were until recently all surgical. Now transluminal procedures have opened up a huge new array of treatments - some replacing surgery, others complementary …
Shielding of Sleeping Beauty DNA Transposon-delivered Transgene Cassettes by Heterologous Insulators in Early Embryonal Cells
Authors: Trine Dalsgaard, Brian Moldt, Nynne Sharma, Gernot Wolf, Alexander Schmitz, Finn S Pedersen, Jacob G Mikkelsen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system represents an important alternative to viral integrating vector systems but may, as its viral counterparts, be subject to transcriptional silencing. To investigate shielding of SB-delivered transgene cassettes against transcriptional repression, we establish silencing assays in which SB vector-containing F9 murine teratocarcinoma cell clones are identified by strategies that include or exclude selection for transgene expression. Among clones carrying one or more SB transposon vectors, more than one-third are immediately silenced, and most of the remaining clones move toward silencing during prolonged passage. In line with the lack of an intrinsic ability of SB to resist silencing, we show that the stable transfection rate of SB vectors in F9 cells is significantly improved by flanking the transgene with heterologous 5'-HS4 chicken beta-globin (cHS4) insulators. In approaches based on drug selection and subsequent flow-cytometric detection of transgene expression, clones containing cHS4-insulated vectors are to a much higher degree protected against transcriptional silencing, resulting in long-term expression of the fluorescent marker. Our findings demonstrate that SB vectors, prone for transcriptional silencing by positional effects in F9 cells, are protected by insulators. We believe that insulated SB-derived vectors will become useful tools in transposon-based transgenesis and therapeutic gene transfer.
Hydrodynamic and energetic aspects of exogenous free fatty acid perfusion in the isolated rat heart during high flow anoxia and reoxygenation: a 31P magnetic resonance study
Authors: S. Pietri, M. Bernard, P. J Cozzone
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective – The aim was to show differences between the effects of various dietary long chain fatty acids (palmitic, oleic, linoleic, α and γ linolenic acids) perfused in isolated rat hearts subjected to a sequence of high flow anoxia and subsequent reoxygenation. Design – Isolated working rat hearts perfused with selected exogenous fatty acids were allowed an initial 30 min equilibration period followed by 60 min of high flow anoxia and 40 min of reoxygenation. Ventricular function and tissue contents of phosphorylated metabolites were monitored concomitantly using standard procedures and 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy respectively. Experimental material – Hearts were removed from male Wistar rats weighing 350-400 g. Results from eight hearts were pooled for each of the five fatty acids perfused. Measurements and main results – High coronary flow maintained during anoxia led to an increased extracellular washout of lactate and only to mild intracellular acidosis, limiting myocardial damage by metabolites of anaerobic glycolysis. Under these conditions, marked differences between the classes of perfused fatty acids were observed. Hearts which received oleic acid showed the most depressed ventricular function and a greater depletion in high energy phosphates content. These deleterious effects were completely reversed by the separate administration of two fatty acid metabolism blocking agents, nicotinic acid and oxfenicine. Cardio-protection was enhanced by perfusion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid, α and y linolenic acids). Hearts perfused either with glucose or with palmitic acid behaved similarly and showed an intermediate functional and metabolic postanoxic recovery. Conclusion – This study documents the relation between the chemical structure of exogenous fatty acids used in heart perfusion and their ability to improve or impair postanoxic myocardial recovery. The cardioprotective effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids was documented by simultaneous evaluation of mechanical performance and metabolic response.
Quantifying systemic absorption of topical hydrocortisone in erythroderma
Authors: K. AALTO-KORTE, M. TURPEINEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Quantifying systemic absorption of topical hydrocortisone in erythroderma Get access K. AALTO‐KORTE, K. AALTO‐KORTE Departments of Dermatology and Allergic Disease, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Meilahdentie 2, 00250 Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. TURPEINEN M. TURPEINEN Departments of Dermatology and Allergic Disease, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Meilahdentie 2, 00250 Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 133, Issue 3, 1 September 1995, Pages 403–408, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02668.x Published: 01 September 1995 Article history Accepted: 26 October 1994 Published: 01 September 1995
Association of galectin‐3 and fibrosis markers with long‐term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and dyssynchrony: insights from the CARE‐HF (Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure) trial
Authors: Natalia Lopez‐Andrès, Patrick Rossignol, Wafae Iraqi, Renaud Fay, Josette Nuée, Stefano Ghio, John G.F. Cleland, Faiez Zannad, Patrick Lacolley
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Dreaming is <i>not</i> a non-conscious electrophysiologic state
Authors: J. F. Pagel
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

There has been no generally accepted cognitive definition of dreaming. An electrophysiologic correlate (REM sleep) has become its defining characteristic. Dreaming and REM sleep are complex states for which the Dreaming + REMs model is over-simplified and limited. The target articles in this BBS special issue present strong evidence for a dissociation between dreaming and REM sleep. [Hobson et al.; Nielsen, Revonsuo; Solms; Vertes &amp; Eastman]
In vivo turnover study demonstrates diminished clearance of lipoprotein(a) in hemodialysis patients
Authors: M.E. Frischmann, F. Kronenberg, E. Trenkwalder, J.R. Schaefer, H. Schweer, B. Dieplinger, P. Koenig, K. Ikewaki, H. Dieplinger
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Effects of Hypotonic Saline Loading in Hydrated Dog: Evidence for a Saline-induced Limit on Distal Tubular Sodium Transport*
Authors: Richard M. Stein, Ruth G. Abramson, Thomas Kahn, Marvin F. Levitt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

We performed studies on dogs under hydrated conditions, utilizing the rate of free water formation (C(H2O)) as an index of the rate of distal tubular sodium transport. Since C(H2O) could be progressively increased with no evidence of a maximal rate during loading with hypotonic (2.5%) mannitol, it was concluded that there is no limit on distal tubular sodium transport during mannitol loading. In contrast, during hypotonic (0.45%) saline loading C(H2O) rose initially, but as urine flow (V) exceeded 25% of the filtered load C(H2O) attained maximal levels (up to 20% of the filtered load) and remained stable as V increased to 50% of the filtered load. It was concluded that saline loading progressively inhibits proximal sodium reabsorption. Initially, the distal tubule absorbes a large fraction of the proximal rejectate and sodium excretion rises slightly. Eventually, an alteration in distal sodium transport appears which culminates in a maximal rate or transport limit. This distal transport limit provoked by saline loading could not be characterized by a classical Tm as seen with glucose and does not seem to be consequent to high rates of flow through the distal tubule. Regardless of the precise nature of this limit, the major increment in sodium excretion develops during saline loading only after saline alters the capacity of the distal tubule to transport sodium.
Nitric Oxide and Ionizing Radiation Synergistically Promote Apoptosis and Growth Inhibition of Cancer by Activating p53
Authors: Tracy Cook, Zifa Wang, Sean Alber, Kaihong Liu, Simon C. Watkins, Yoram Vodovotz, Timothy R. Billiar, David Blumberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent tumor radiosensitizer; however, its clinical use is limited by systemic side effects. We have demonstrated previously that gene transfer of the human inducible NO synthase (iNOS) gene into tumor cells and tumors induces high-output NO production that significantly enhances tumor radioresponsiveness, with no observed side effects. Notably, iNOS gene transfer enhances tumor radioresponsiveness via apoptotic cell death. Because NO and ionizing radiation are both known to promote p53-dependent apoptosis, we hypothesized that p53 activation might be a primary mechanism for the synergy of these two genotoxic stresses. We report that NO and ionizing radiation synergistically activate p53 in colorectal cancers grown in athymic mice by augmenting phosphorylation of p53 at serine 15. The effect of NO and ionizing radiation on tumor cell apoptosis and tumor radioresponsiveness is significantly reduced in p53 knockout isogenic cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the transfer of both p53 and iNOS genes into tumor cells lacking functional p53 enhanced their radioresponsiveness more than transfer of either gene alone.
Abstract B47: Biomarker discovery and evaluation of response to anticancer therapeutics in breast cancer using a novel nanofluidic immunoassay
Authors: Demetris C. Iacovides, Aimee B. Johnson, Joe Gray
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cancer subtype specific molecular variations dramatically affect patient responses to already existing treatments. For example, the phosphorylation status of many proteins that are involved in signal transduction pathways perturbed in cancer cells is extremely important in determining whether these cells are susceptible to killing by available cancer therapeutics. Therefore, differentially phosphorylated protein isoforms can be a particularly useful prognostic biomarker of drug response in the clinic. However, accurate detection and quantitative analysis of cancer-related phosphoproteins in tumors is limited by current technologies. Using a novel, fully automated nanocapillary electrophoresis technology (CB1000TM) designed to separate protein molecules based on their isoelectric point, we are currently developing highly sensitive assays for reliable assessment of the phosphorylation status of cancer-related phosphoproteins in tumors, before and during drug treatment. We have already developed and optimized assays measuring all AKT, ERK and MEK isoforms and their respective phosphoisoforms using a single detection reagent method. Using these assays, we were able to measure levels of activated MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and AKT1/2/3 in cancer cell lines, mouse xenografts and patient FNAs using protein extracted from as few as 125 cells. We have already measured and characterized changes in the phosphorylation states of these targets before, during and after treatment with inhibitors of the PI3K pathway in breast cancer, and based on this data we are currently developing molecular profiles that predict response to available therapeutics. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B47
Letter: Coxsackie viruses and diabetes mellitus.
Authors: J D Baum, A Aynsley-Green, F O MacCallum
Journal: BMJ (1974)

rates might have been expected on the basis of the distribution of maternal age, parity, and ethnic group in mothers of different blood groups in the Jerusalem population.TABLE I-Recorded Frequency of Toxaemia by Blood Groups Blood No. of Pre-eclampsia Group Births (%) Rh+ A 3,696 1-70 B 2,