tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
How many beds? Helping consultants to estimate their requirements.
Authors: D. St George
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Two studies were carried out in different districts with clinicians who were concerned about the proposed numbers of beds to be provided based on regional targets and assessments. It was found that summary statistics can obscure wide variations over time in the demand for services. Providing beds according to average demand can therefore create a shortage of beds for a large part of the year. It is argued that the norms and targets set by regions should be seen as a starting point for negotiations rather than as the definitive answer for setting the levels of services provided. Because of their particular circumstances certain districts may need to provide more than the levels set by the region, and clinicians and community physicians can work together to provide evidence for this.
Malignant Hyperthermia-Reply
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The mechanism of MH that was proposed in the MEDICAL NEWS &amp; PERSPECTIVES article is the one commonly cited in the literature<sup>1,2</sup>and in anesthesiology textbooks.<sup>3,4</sup>It is the product of the research of several investigators who have worked with colonies of pigs in which the MH syndrome includes muscle rigidity. This porcine syndrome more closely parallels the clinical course of the disease than does the syndrome evidenced in Dr Williams' pig colony.
Prevention of First Bleeding in Cirrhosis
Authors: Luigi Pagliaro, Gennaro D'Amico, Thorkild I. A. Sörensen, Didier Lebrec, Andrew K. Burroughs, Alberto Morabito, Fabio Tiné, Flavia Politi, Mario Traina
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of β-blockers and endoscopic sclerotherapy in the prevention of first bleeding and reduction of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and esophagogastric varices. Data Sources: Pertinent studies were selected using MEDLINE (1980 to 1990), reference lists from published articles or reviews, and congress abstract lists. Study Selection: Randomized trials comparing β-blockers or sclerotherapy with a nonactive treatment. Nine randomized clinical trials of β-blockers and 19 trials of sclerotherapy were reviewed. Seven trials of β-blockers and 15 of sclerotherapy were published as full papers. Data Extraction: Crude rates of bleeding and death in treated and control groups were extracted from each trial by three independent observers according to the intention-to-treat principle. The quality of published papers was systematically assessed and scored. Data Synthesis: The Mantel-Haenszel-Peto method was used for statistical evaluation of heterogeneity and for pooling of the results. No substantial heterogeneity was found, and the incidence of bleeding in trials of β-blockers was significantly reduced (pooled odds ratio, 0.54; 95% Cl, 0.39 to 0.74), particularly in patients with large or medium-sized varices or in those with varices and a hepatic vein pressure gradient above 12 mm Hg; however, only a trend toward reduced mortality was obtained. Sclerotherapy trials were highly heterogeneous in the direction of the treatment effects on both bleeding (pooled odds ratio, 0.6; Cl, 0.49 to 0.74) and mortality (pooled odds ratio, 0.76; Cl, 0.61 to 0.94). The quality of the trials and the rate of bleeding in the untreated groups were the major sources of heterogeneity. The favorable results of sclerotherapy were obtained in trials with high bleeding rates among controls; several of these trials had a low quality score. Conclusions: Beta-blockers may be recommended for prevention of first bleeding in cirrhotic patients with varices who have a high risk for bleeding. The effectiveness of sclerotherapy remains undetermined. Further trials in high-risk patients may prove useful if improved criteria to predict bleeding risk become available.
Use of Micro Partial Thromboplastin Time Test
Authors: Anthony F. H. Britten
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. J. B. Miale is to be congratulated on his excellent study (<i>JAMA</i><b>185</b>:752 [Sept 7] 1963) of the value of the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) as a screening test. His introduction of the strikingly reliable micro technique will be welcomed in pediatric practice. But, I will challenge Dr. Miale on one major point. His main thesis is that the PTT should be used as a routine preoperative test. But what are we trying to learn from routine tests? Essentially, we want to know if the patient is likely to bleed excessively during or after surgery. The important conditions to discover are (1)<i>thrombocytopenia</i>—not always clinically detectable;<sup>1</sup>thus, a platelet count or, at least, blood smear examination is necessary; (2)<i>liver disease</i>—usually clinically detectable, but certainly better tested by the one-stage prothrombin time than by the PTT. (3)<i>ingestion of anticoagulants</i>—certainly best
South African doctors arrested in kidney sale scandal
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Five doctors, some of them from top academic institutions, were arrested and appeared in court on 16 August in connection with charges under South Africa's laws intended to stop illegal trading in human organs. The charges have not yet formally been put to the doctors, but the warrants of arrest that were served on them indicate that they face potential charges of fraud and assault and separate charges under the Human Tissue Act. The five doctors were released on bail.
Accident and Violation Rates of Washington's Medically Restricted Drivers
Authors: Alfred Crancer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The traffic accident and violation rates of Washington's 39,242 medically restricted drivers were compared with the accident and violation rates of all 1.6 million licensed Washington drivers. Statistically higher accident rates were reported for persons whose licenses are restricted as a result of diabetes, epilepsy, fainting, and other conditions. Persons with a license restriction for heart disease had slightly, though not statistically, higher accident rates, and persons with vision deterioration had slightly, though not statistically, lower accident rates. Statistically higher violation rates were recorded for persons with diabetes, epilepsy, and other conditions. The violation rate for the group with heart disease was statistically lower. The group with physical handicaps such as paralysis, loss of limb, stabilized vision defects, etc, had a statistically higher accident rate and a slightly, though not statistically, higher violation rate.
355. A Platform for Gene Delivery to Embryonic Stem Cells Using HSV
Authors: April M. Sunyog, Darren Wolfe, James Wechuck, David Krisky, Ying Jiang, Joseph Glorioso
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Embryonic development is a complex process involving integrated pathways directing the ordered proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells into a developing embryo. Murine embryonic stem (mES) lines are immortal and homogeneous, and provide a relevant model of embryogenesis via embryoid body formation. An efficient gene delivery system for mES cells will facilitate investigations into the molecular events of embryonic differentiation. Here we describe the engineering and characterization of a replication-defective Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) vector, JDββ, as a platform gene delivery vehicle. In this vector, the immediate early (IE, α) genes ICP4 and ICP22, and one full genomic joint element have been deleted. IE genes ICP27 and ICP0, whose low-level expression is necessary for transgene expression, have been converted into early (E, β) genes in order to constrain their expression to ICP4-complementing cells, effectively eliminating their expression in normal cells. JDββ does not express toxic viral genes in non-complementing cells including mES cells. JDββ contains a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene under the control of the HCMV IE promoter and transduces mES cells with high efficiency. Transduction with JDββ, even at elevated MOI, does not alter subsequent embryoid body formation nor the expression of endogenous germ layer markers during embryoid body formation, as determined by quantitative-PCR analysis. JDββ will be further engineered to express developmentally relevant genes individually or in combination. This vector may be a useful tool for the experimental stem cell and regenerative medicine fields due to the attributes of non-toxicity, large transgene capacity, robust transgene expression, and non-integrating genome.
Risk Factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults
Authors: Terry Young
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities in patients with asthma
Authors: D. J. Usher, R. J. Shepherd, T. Deegan
Journal: Thorax (1974)

<b>Usher, D. J., Shepherd, R. J., and Deegan, T. (1974).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>29</b>, 685-689. <b>Serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme activities in patients with asthma.</b> Increases in the serum activities of several enzymes have been reported in patients with asthma. Liver damage, resulting from altered tensions of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the circulation, has been held to be responsible for the majority of this increase, although it has also been suggested that allergic reactions in the lungs might make some contribution. This communication describes the application of a more specific enzyme assay, the serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern, to asthma patients in an attempt to elucidate the source of the increase in enzyme activity. Raised activities of two isoenzymes, LDH-3 and LDH-5, comprised the bulk of the increase in total LDH activity; in contrast, the activities of LDH-1 and LDH-2 were virtually unaltered. Analysis of the distribution of isoenzyme activity in lung tissue homogenate, coupled with knowledge of that in liver, suggested that both tissues contributed towards the effects observed. It appeared probable that the increment in LDH-3 activity arose from lung involvement, whereas the major portion of the increment in LDH-5 activity was derived from the liver.
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with oesophageal stenosis
Authors: SACHIKO MIYAGAWA, TAKASHI IIAD, HIROSHI HACHISUKA, YUKIO YAMASHINA, TOSHIHIKO SHIRAI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with oesophageal stenosis Get access SACHIKO MIYAGAWA, SACHIKO MIYAGAWA Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Japan and Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan Dr Sachiko Miyagawa, Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara City, Nara 634, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar TAKASHI IIAD, TAKASHI IIAD Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Japan and Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar HIROSHI HACHISUKA, HIROSHI HACHISUKA Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Japan and Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar YUKIO YAMASHINA, YUKIO YAMASHINA Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Japan and Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar TOSHIHIKO SHIRAI TOSHIHIKO SHIRAI Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, Japan and Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 2, 1 August 1992, Pages 172–176, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb08052.x Published: 01 August 1992
OBSTRUCTION DUE TO SERUTAN
Authors: Wingate M. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1953)

To the Editor:—  Several cases have been reported in which esophageal obstruction resulted from the use of one of the hygroscopic bulk laxatives. In every instance some of the ingested material lodged in the esophagus and formed a tenacious, sticky mass. An additional case seems worth describing, not only as a further warning concerning the use of such laxatives but, particularly, as a report of the prompt response to a method of treatment that, as far as I know, has not previously been tried.  A 72-year-old white man was admitted to the North Carolina Baptist Hospital at 4 p. m. on April 7, 1953, because of an obstruction in the esophagus. For years he had been in the habit of taking Serutan. The manufacturer of Serutan states that it is a hydrogel obtained from Plantago ovata and extracted from sugar beets from which the roughage has been removed. At 10
Quantitative proteomics analysis of signalosome dynamics in primary T cells identifies the surface receptor CD6 as a Lat adaptor–independent TCR signaling hub
Authors: Romain Roncagalli, Simon Hauri, Fréderic Fiore, Yinming Liang, Zhi Chen, Amandine Sansoni, Kartiek Kanduri, Rachel Joly, Aurélie Malzac, Harri Lähdesmäki, Riitta Lahesmaa, Shou Yamasaki, Takashi Saito, Marie Malissen, Ruedi Aebersold, Matthias Gstaiger, Bernard Malissen
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
Importance of Innate Immunity and Collagen Binding Integrin α1β1 in TNBS-Induced Colitis
Authors: Stefano Fiorucci, Andrea Mencarelli, Barbara Palazzetti, Andrew G Sprague, Eleonora Distrutti, Antonio Morelli, Tatiana I Novobrantseva, Giuseppe Cirino, Victor E Koteliansky, Antonin R de Fougerolles
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Abstract 2043: Inhibition of cervical carcinoma cells proliferation by miR-34c
Authors: Jesus A. Lopez, Luis M. Alvarez Salas
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play central roles in controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Aberrant miRNA expression is recognized as an important molecular mechanism for human carcinogenesis. Infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is causally associated with the onset of cervical dysplasia including cancer. Although high-risk HPV infection leads to hyperproliferation and immortalization, it is insufficient to produce a fully transformed phenotype. High-risk HPV E6 proteins (i.e. HPV-16 and 18) inactivate and destroy P53 protein leading to a p53-null phenotype and the subsequent repression of the p53 effector network including pro-apoptotic proteins and cell cycle inhibitors. Microarray analyses in normal and tumor cervical cells have linked only a few miRNAs to cervical cancer. However, no miRNAs have been established in the malignant process that may follow a high-risk HPV infection. Here, we analyze the function of miR-34c (a p53 effector) in HPV-positive cells. Steady-state miR-34c levels are very low in both immortal and tumor HPV-positive cells. Over-expression of miR-34c in cervical carcinoma cells caused inhibition of cell proliferation and anchorage independent growth resulting in G2/M arrest and significant apoptosis. Interestingly, no effect was noticed in HPV-negative tumor cells and HPV-immortalized keratinocytes suggesting a differential regulatory pathway of mi-34c in HPV-positive tumor cells. Analyses of miR-34c potential targets showed no significant effect on BCL-2 levels although it produced MAP-2 down-regulation. These results suggest that activation of miR-34c in the absence of functional p53 may play an important role in proliferation and apoptosis of HPV-positive cervical tumor cells that could be used as therapeutic or diagnostic/prognostic tool for cervical cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2043.
The prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: A.P. WEETMAN, J.M. BURRIN, D. MACKAY, J.N. LEONARD, C.E.M. GRIFFITHS, L. FRY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

The prevalence of IgG class thyroglobulin and microsomal antibodies, estimated using a sensitive ELISA, was 48% in 115 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, which was significantly greater than the prevalence of 16% in 107 unselectcd controls without dermatitis herpetiformis. IgA class thyroid antibodies were found in 29% of dermatitis herpetiformis patients. Overt thyroid disease had been diagnosed in six (5%) of the dermatitis herpetiformis group and a further six patients had elevated TSH levels. The presence of thyroid antibodies was not associated with particular HLA-DR antigens. These results demonstrate the frequent occurrence of thyroid antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis, although thyroid failure is less commonly associated with this condition. Immune response genes outside the HLA-DR region may be involved in the immune hyper-responsiveness seen in dermatitis herpetiformis which is reflected in the high prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity.
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: George H. Kraft
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor—  Rix's letter (217:480, 1971) recommending primary nerve repair in combined nerve and tendon lacerations, and the subsequent letters of Raskind et al (217:1864, 1971) and Cramer (219:1213, 1972) presented interesting discussions of the management of peripheral nerve injuries. We are in the process of reviewing data from a serial study 1 of 376 peripheral nerve injuries in 223 patients, and I would like to offer some preliminary observations and theoretical support for Rix's conclusions.  Our study was prospective, and included a protocol in which clinical and electromyographic examinations were serially performed. In studying regeneration of motor nerves we found that even in the most successful cases when full clinical strength returned, innervation as determined electromyographically by counting motor units was less than complete. Apparently, following peripheral nerve injury, greater-than-normal numbers of muscle fibers become incorporated in each motor unit, and muscle fibers undergo hypertrophy. Similar studies of
Fluorine-18-labeled Gd3+/Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped NaYF4 nanophosphors for multimodality PET/MR/UCL imaging
Authors: Jing Zhou, Mengxiao Yu, Yun Sun, Xianzhong Zhang, Xingjun Zhu, Zhanhong Wu, Dongmei Wu, Fuyou Li
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Staining of Iron
Authors: S. M. Rabson
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Bark's query (231:25, 1975) about the failure of decalcified marrow to react with the Prussian blue stain for iron is answered by Schmorl.<sup>1</sup>In the fixation for pigment identification, Schmorl warns against the use of acid fixatives if search for iron-containing pigments is planned. Hence the recommendation for the use of many fixatives. Hemosiderin, for example, "is soluble in acids, insoluble in alkalis and fat-dissolving media, is not attacked by bleaches and is not blackened either by osmic acid or silver nitrate."1(p183)
Joseph M. Toner (1825-1896) as a Medical Historian
Authors: Whitfield J. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The quarter century after 1865 witnessed a notable increase in the amount of historical writing about American medicine, and also a striking improvement in its quality, for authors now chose broader themes and employed printed and manuscript sources more assiduously than their predecessors. [...] One of those who encouraged, and in his career illustrated, this quickening interest in medical history was Joseph Meredith Toner, a well known practicing physician of Washington, DC, a leader in the profession who became president of both the American Medical Association and the American Public Health Association, a scholarly man with a taste for literary and antiquarian pursuits. As the author of historical monographs, the collector of a large library, and the promoter of commemorative events, he made important contributions to the history of medicine in the generation preceding that dominated by Mitchell and Osler. Born in Pittsburgh in 1825 of an Irish Catholic family settled
Fragile X Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Research
Authors: Michael A. Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Human cytogenetics is about 40 years old. I find it intriguing when people can watch the evolution of significant life events. My grandmother, in her 90s, can tell about the evolution of aircraft, from the Wright Brothers to the present. Human cytogenetics isn't as significant as the discovery of flight—or is it? Cytogenetics is a major part of the foundation for our understanding of many aspects of clinical medicine, molecular genetics, and the Human Genome Project. In the fall of 1997, the American Medical Association is planning a major conference on genetic medicine because fewer than one in 10 physicians have confidence in their ability to provide genetic counseling. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is just one of several X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) syndromes. The finding of a cytogenetic abnormality in an XLMR syndrome and thus the syndrome's name, occurred in 1969. My career in cytogenetics began in 1974. Thus, except
Neural Representation of Orientation Relative to Gravity in the Macaque Cerebellum
Authors: Jean Laurens, Hui Meng, Dora E. Angelaki
Journal: Neuron (2013)

Highlights•A population of cerebellar Purkinje cells encodes head tilt relative to gravity•The sum of tilt and translation cell activities equals gravitoinertial acceleration•Tilt cells also encode an illusion of tilt induced by sustained linear acceleration•The cerebellum implements an internal model of the physical lawsSummaryA fundamental challenge for maintaining spatial orientation and interacting with the world is knowledge of our orientation relative to gravity, i.e., head tilt. Sensing gravity is complicated because of Einstein's equivalence principle, in which gravitational and translational accelerations are physically indistinguishable. Theory has proposed that this ambiguity is solved by tracking head tilt through multisensory integration. Here we identify a group of Purkinje cells in the caudal cerebellar vermis with responses that reflect an estimate of head tilt. These tilt-selective cells are complementary to translation-selective Purkinje cells, such that their population activities sum to the net gravitoinertial acceleration encoded by the otolith organs, as predicted by theory. These findings reflect the remarkable ability of the cerebellum for neural computation and provide quantitative evidence for a neural representation of gravity, whose calculation relies on long-postulated theoretical concepts such as internal models and Bayesian priors.