tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ORIENTAL SORE (CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS) IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: ROBERT A. LAMBERT
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The importance of a wider knowledge of oriental sore, or cutaneous leishmaniasis, on the part of American physicians and public health officials isindicated by the fact that in the last two years at least eight cases of this infection have been reported in this country and Canada.1While all of the patients were newly arrived foreigners, it is quite possible, as Faber and Schussler2have recently pointed out, that, with the repeated importation of cases among immigrants, particularly from southern Europe and the Near East, the disease may soon become established in the United States. From our knowledge of the transmission of the infection, there would appear to be no reason why it should not become implanted here.  The usual mode of infection has not been definitely established, but clinical and experimental observations have indicated certain possibilities. First of all, it has been proved, through the autoinoculation experiments
Tc-99m MDP Uptake in Osteopoikilosis
Authors: JOHN A. MUNGOVAN, GLENN A. TUNG, ROBERT E. LAMBIASE, RICHARD B. NOTO, ROBERT P. DAVIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A Tc-99m bone scan of a patient with classic roentgenographic findings of osteopoikilosis revealed multiple foci of increased activity that corresponded to many of the sclerotic foci on the roentgenograms. The authors presume that the abnormal bone scan in this patient reflects active osseous remodeling, similar to what has been observed in bone islands. Previous reports have emphasized the critical role of the radionuclide bone scan for distinguishing osteopoikilosis from osteoblastic bone metastases in patients with a known or suspected primary malignancy. In a young patient, an abnormal bone scan does not exclude the diagnosis of osteopoikilosis if the roentgenographic findings are characteristic of that entity.
Crisis in rheumatology manpower.
Authors: J T Scott
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Crisis in rheumatology manpower SIR,-As the five doctors undertaking higher medical training in rheumatology in the West Midlands (three National Health Service senior registrars and two university lecturers) we too are concerned at the current manpower crisis in rheumatology (19 February, p 586).This is not a national so much as a local problem, however, with a surfeit of senior registrars in certain regions.The disparity in the posts is illustrated in the table.
832-4 Relationship between patterns of calcification and arterial remodeling of culprit lesions: Comparing patients with acute coronary syndromes with those with stable angina
Authors: Shoichi Ehara, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Takao Hasegawa, Toru Kataoka, Hiroki Nishioka, Koichiro Asawa, Kimio Kamimori, Minoru Yoshiyama, Kazuhide Takeuchi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Makiko Ueda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Ethanol-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia.
Authors: David J. Kudzma
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Ethanol-Induced Hypertriglyceridemia.David J. Kudzma, M.D., Gustav Schonfeld, M.D.David J. Kudzma, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Gustav Schonfeld, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1101_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOne of three mechanisms has generally been invoked to explain the lipemia of ethanol intoxication: [1] impaired removal of particulate fat due to diminished plasma lipoprotein lipase activity; [2] increased fatty acid mobilization from adipose to liver; and [3] enhanced hepatic lipogenesis. We report the first study of sequential changes in lipoproteinemia induced by ethanol in two patients with ethanol-induced hypertriglyceridemia. The data support the last of three mechanisms and assign a contributing role to dietary fat.Admission hypertriglyceridemia disappeared in both cases on a high carbohydrate diet (65% carbohydrate, 25% fat). (Corn oil was the sole source of fat... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Lackland Air Force Base, Texas PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1101-1102KeywordsCarbohydratesEthanolFatsIntoxicationLipasesLipogenesisLipoproteinsLiverOilsParticulates Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Therapeutic modulation of eIF2α phosphorylation rescues TDP-43 toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis disease models
Authors: Hyung-Jun Kim, Alya R Raphael, Eva S LaDow, Leeanne McGurk, Ross A Weber, John Q Trojanowski, Virginia M-Y Lee, Steven Finkbeiner, Aaron D Gitler, Nancy M Bonini
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Autophagy in liver diseases
Authors: Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, Abdellah Mansouri, Didier Lebrec, François Durand, Dominique Valla, Richard Moreau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)

Autophagy, or cellular self-digestion, is a cellular pathway crucial for development, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis. Its implication in human diseases has been highlighted during the last decade. Recent data show that autophagy is involved in major fields of hepatology. In liver ischemia reperfusion injury, autophagy mainly has a prosurvival activity allowing the cell for coping with nutrient starvation and anoxia. During hepatitis B or C infection, autophagy is also increased but subverted by viruses for their own benefit. In hepatocellular carcinoma, the autophagy level is decreased. In this context, autophagy has an anti-tumor role and therapeutic strategies increasing autophagy, as rapamycin, have a beneficial effect in patients. Moreover, in hepatocellular carcinoma, Beclin-1 level, an autophagy protein, has a prognostic significance. In α-1-antitrypsin deficiency, the aggregation-prone ATZ protein accumulates in the endoplasmic reticulum. This activates the autophagic response which aims at degrading mutant ATZ. Some FDA-approved drugs which enhance autophagy and the disposal of aggregation-prone proteins may be useful in α-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Following alcohol consumption, autophagy is decreased in liver cells, likely due to a decrease in intracellular 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPk) and due to an alteration in vesicle transport in hepatocytes. This decrease in autophagy contributes to the formation of Mallory-Denk bodies and to liver cell death. Hepatic autophagy is defective in the liver in obesity and its upregulation improves insulin sensitivity.
Benzothiadiazine suppression of insulin release from normal and abnormal islet tissue in man.
Authors: S S Fajans, J C Floyd, R F Knopf, J Rull, E M Guntsche, J W Conn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1966)

23-Dichloromethyl-6-chloro-7-sulfatyl-3, 4-dihydro-1,2-4-benzothiadiazine-1, 1-dioxide.
Diagnosis of Amoebic Colitis on Routine Biopsies from Rectum and Sigmoid Colon
Authors: T. A. McAllister
Journal: BMJ (1962)

SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA hinSnausea, vomiting, or diarrhoea was observed.This is of particular importance because the tetracycline group of antibiotics, when taken orally, may cause diarrhoea.It is worth noting that 14 ears had bulging tympanic membranes yet no myringotomy was found necessary during the entire series.Furthermore, no defect of heotring was detected in these ears when reviewed some months after treatment was completed.Staph.aureus was isolated from the discharge of 70% of those cases presenting with a perforated tympanic membrane.This agrees with the experience of Morrison (1961), who found that the pyogenic staphylococcus was responsible for 66% of the discharging ears in his series.Of the 30 ears in which the offending organism was isolated, five recovered in spite of the fact that the organisms were resistant, by in vitro studies, to the anti- biotic given.Treatment was continued in spite of the adverse bacteriological report, as the clinical response of the patient was regarded as adequate.This raises the question of the need to give antibiotics in every case of acute suppurative otitis media.Fry (1958) believes that most cases of otitis media will recover without antibiotic therapy.An alternative explanation is that in vitro studies may not give conclusive evidence of the sensitivity of the infecting organism in the human body.The response of the patients, judged by the return of the temperature to normal and by the disappearance of pain and discharge, was somewhat slower to phenethi- cillin than to penicillin G.However, all cases treated were afebrile and free from otorrhoea and earache after five days' treatment.The impression gained from observing the response of these patients to phenethicillin is a most favourable one.It would appear to be the treatment of choice in acute otitis media in childhood because it includes the advantages of adequate blood levels obtained by oral administration, with none of the side-effects on the BIBLIOGRAPHY
Hepcidin, the hormone of iron metabolism, is bound specifically to α-2-macroglobulin in blood
Authors: Gabriela Peslova, Jiri Petrak, Katerina Kuzelova, Ivan Hrdy, Petr Halada, Philip W. Kuchel, Shan Soe-Lin, Prem Ponka, Robert Sutak, Erika Becker, Michael Li-Hsuan Huang, Yohan Suryo Rahmanto, Des R. Richardson, Daniel Vyoral
Journal: Blood (2009)
Negative remodeling is a predominant mechanism for lumen compromise in intermal mammary artery stenosis formation: an intravascular ultrasound study
Authors: Javed M. Ahmed, Gary S. Mintz, Marco T. Castagna, Marco Zamirino, Augusto D. Pichard, Lowell F. Satler, Kenneth M. Kent, Neil J. Weissman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Drowning. Its clinical sequelae and management.
Authors: J F Rivers, G Orr, H A Lee
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Drowning is responsible for between 1,000 and 1,500 deaths annually.About 20% of these deaths are due to dry drowning, the so-called asphyxial deaths.The remainder are classical wet drowning cases from either fresh or salt water.Secondary drowning-that is, delayed death from drowning between a quarter of an hour and as long as four days after the drowning incident-has received far less attention.In the vast majority of cases the patient will either survive as a result of immediate resuscitative measures beside the swinuning-pool or on the beach or die.It is usually thought that once the patient has been admitted to hospital the crisis is over.In one large series of 77 cases of near drowning reported on, however, 25 % suc- cumbed to secondary drowning (Fuller, 1%3).A good deal of research has already been carried out into the physiopathological consequences of drowning in fresh and salt water (Swann et al., 1947; Swann and Spafford, 1951; Modell, 1968).The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical consequences of near drowning and to discuss their management.Little attention has been directed towards the mechanisms and management of secondary drowning.Indeed, very few standard medical textbooks even mention drowning and its sequelae and those that do still place undue emphasis on defining the type of drowning as a prerequisite of treatment.The imme- diate consequences of drowning are either death or successful resuscitation.The secondary effects, which make up the clini- cal situation met with in patients eventually admitted to hospital, may result in disaster in those who appear to have recovered from the acute episode unless the utmost vigilance is maintained.We describe four cases of near drowning, two in salt water and two in fresh water, which illustrate all the facets of the clinical presentation and management of such cases. Cases 1 and 2The first two cases are considered together as they were involved in the same drowning incident.A 19-year-old non-swimmer (Case 1) slipped into a fresh- water pool on 8 September 1968 and went under the surface im-
Familial Correlation in the Decline of Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second
Authors: MARGARET KURZIUS-SPENCER, DUANE L. SHERRILL, CATHARINE J. HOLBERG, FERNANDO D. MARTINEZ, MICHAEL D. LEBOWITZ
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Studies have shown evidence of significant parent–offspring and sibling correlation in FEV1, but familial aggregation of decline of FEV1 over time has not been reported. Our study population comprised 392 families enrolled in the Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airway Obstructive Diseases. Subjects were older than 18 yr of age and performed at least 3 pulmonary function tests over 5 to 20 yr. The slope of FEV1 was calculated for each subject using simple linear regression. Multiple regression models were used to compute standardized residual slope values adjusted for possible confounders. Familial correlation analysis on residual slope values demonstrated no evidence of spousal or parent–offspring correlation. However, sibling pairs were highly correlated (r = 0.256, p < 0.001, n = 166), especially smoking-concordant pairs (r = 0.483, p < 0.01 for ever-smokers, and r = 0.280, p < 0.05 for never-smokers). The residual slopes of smoking-discordant siblings were not significantly correlated (r = 0.031, p < 0.77). Genetic susceptibility to an accelerated rate of decline associated with smoking may be evidenced in the increased correlation among smoking sibling pairs, and in the lack of correlation among smoking-discordant sibling pairs. High sibling correlation in the absence of parent–offspring correlation is compatible with a recessive model of inheritance.
Ants and Men — A Spending Spree — Royal College of Physicians
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN his presidential address to the hundred and twenty-first annual meeting of the British Association Sir James Gray, F.R.S., said that until individual nations were prepared to think in terms of the welfare of humanity as a whole there would be continued potential danger and waste of human effort. He said that frightened or angry men, like frightened or angry animals, cannot be trusted to act wisely and scientists would not make much impression on public opinion so long as men's minds were based on fear and suspicion. In presenting science to the public scientists should have the primary objective . . .
Tuberculosis Among Migrant Farm Workers
Authors: J. Hibbs, S. Yeager, J. Cochran
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> There were nearly 23 000 new cases of tuberculosis (TB) and more than 1600 TB deaths in the United States during 1987.<sup>1</sup>Althoughpotentially eradicable,<sup>2</sup>TB remains endemic in disadvantaged US populations such as migrant farm workers. Previous studies have shown the prevalence of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection to range from 37% to 48% among migrants working in Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia.<sup>3,4</sup>We found an even higher prevalence of M tuberculosis infection among migrants in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1988. <h3>Study.—</h3> For screening, we chose a convenience sample of migrants living in the two largest camps. Of the 138 camp residents, 78 (57%) were interviewed. Of the 78 interviewed, 5 (6%) had a history of TB or positive skin test results and were not tested. The remaining 73 migrants were given 5 U of purified protein derivative intradermally and were assessed 48 hours later for
Chymase in exocytosed rat mast cell granules effectively proteolyzes apolipoprotein AI-containing lipoproteins, so reducing the cholesterol efflux-inducing ability of serum and aortic intimal fluid.
Authors: L Lindstedt, M Lee, G R Castro, J C Fruchart, P T Kovanen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Degranulated mast cells are present in human fatty streaks. Chymase in granules released from degranulated rat serosal mast cells, i.e., in granule remnants, proteolyzes human high density lipoprotein3 (HDL3), and so reduces its ability to induce cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells in vitro. In this study we found that remnant chymase, by proteolyzing human serum and human aortic intimal fluid, prevents these two physiologic fluids from effectively inducing cholesterol efflux from cultured macrophage foam cells. Inhibition was strongest when remnants were added to apolipoprotein AI (apoAI)-containing lipoproteins; the remnants had no effect on the weaker efflux produced by apoAI-deficient serum. Western blot analysis showed that granule remnants degrade apoAI in serum and in internal fluid. When released from remnants, chymase lost its ability to proteolyze HDL3 in the presence of serum. Thus, remnant chymase (but not isolated chymase) was able to resist the natural protease inhibitors present in serum and in intimal fluid. The results imply participation of exocytosed mast cell granules in foam cell formation in atherogenesis.
Aortocoronary-Artery-Bypass Assessment After 13 Years
Authors: Herbert N. Hultgren
Journal: JAMA (1978)

RECENTLY, Michael E. DeBakey, MD, published a commentary on coronary artery surgery that discussed the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study of Surgical vs Medical Treatment of Stable Angina.<sup>1</sup>In his commentary, he challenged the validity of the interpretations of the data from the VA study and made criticisms of the study that merit reply. The published data from the VA study now include a four-year follow-up,<sup>2</sup>not a 21-month follow-up as stated by Dr DeBakey. The data have been clearly defined in each publication as preliminary, and a final report will not be made until 1980 when all patients in the study have been followed up for five years. The data presented have primarily referred to survival. Reports concerning relief of angina, changes in exercise performance, and other aspects of quality of life are currently being prepared for publication. No VA study publication has ever challenged the excellent sustained
Dementia and Hypoxia
Authors: Michael R. Sandberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1988Dementia and HypoxiaMichael R. Sandberg, MDMichael R. Sandberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-12-994_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Clarfield (1) listed Alzheimer disease, multi-infarct, depression, alcohol, and drugs as important causes of the dementias. The causes of the reversible dementias were drugs, depression, and metabolic conditions. I report a case that shows an additional cause for reversible dementia.An 82-year-old man with a history of excised colonic carcinoma and angina was hospitalized after having had weight loss and progressive mental confusion for 3 months. A comprehensive evaluation showed no evidence of metastatic disease, metabolic disease, a structural neurologic abnormality, or medication effect. A neurologic consultation concluded that he had a "degenerative syndrome" of unknown cause....Reference1. Clarfield A. The reversible dementias: do they reverse? Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:476-86. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Hospital Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySleep apnea in the elderly: A specific entity?Sleep apnea, APOE4 and Alzheimer's disease 20 years and counting?Is Sleep Apnea a Cause of Reversible Dementia in Old Age?Dementia in Institutionalized Elderly: Relation to Sleep ApneaCorrection: Values for Oxygen SaturationMichael R. Sandberg, MD 15 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 12Page: 994-994KeywordsAlcoholsAlzheimer diseaseAnginaDementiaDrugsHypoxiaMetabolic disordersWeight loss Issue Published: 15 December 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
In-111 Leukocyte Scanning and Partial Functional Asplenia in a Patient with Sezary Syndrome
Authors: H J A HAZENBERG, H J M HIDDINK, E A M LINK, J MULLER, G SMEENK, M BROUWERS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Functional asplenia is described in the case report of an 80-year-old woman who was admitted with Sézary syndrome. The spleen could not be visualized by a Tc- 99m tin colloid (SnC) liver and spleen scan, but was visualized by a Tc-99m sulfur colloid (SC) scan, suggesting a different mechanism in accumulation of SnC and SC in the spleen. ln-111 oxine labeled Sézary cells could be found in the spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes.
Apolipoprotein A-I Q[-2]X causing isolated apolipoprotein A-I deficiency in a family with analphalipoproteinemia.
Authors: D S Ng, L A Leiter, C Vezina, P W Connelly, R A Hegele
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We report a Canadian kindred with a novel mutation in the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene causing analphalipoproteinemia. The 34-yr-old proband, product of a consanguineous marriage, had bilateral retinopathy, bilateral cataracts, spinocerebellar ataxia, and tendon xanthomata. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was < 0.1 mM and apoA-I was undetectable. Genomic DNA sequencing of the proband's apoA-I gene identified a nonsense mutation at codon [-2], which we designate as Q[-2]X. This mutation causes a loss of endonuclease digestion sites for both BbvI and Fnu4HI. Genotyping identified four additional homozygotes, four heterozygotes, and two unaffected subjects among the first-degree relatives. Q[-2]X homozygosity causes a selective failure to produce any portion of mature apoA-I, resulting in very low plasma level of HDL. Heterozygosity results in approximately half-normal apoA-I and HDL. Gradient gel electrophoresis and differential electroimmunodiffusion assay revealed that the HDL particles of the homozygotes had peak Stokes diameter of 7.9 nm and contained apoA-II without apoA-I (Lp-AII). Heterozygotes had an additional fraction of HDL3-like particles. Two of the proband's affected sisters had documented premature coronary heart disease. This kindred, the third reported apoA-I gene mutation causing isolated complete apoA-I deficiency, appears to be at significantly increased risk for atherosclerosis.
JAK2 rearrangements, including the novel SEC31A-JAK2 fusion, are recurrent in classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Katrien Van Roosbroeck, Luk Cox, Thomas Tousseyn, Idoya Lahortiga, Olga Gielen, Barbara Cauwelier, Pascale De Paepe, Gregor Verhoef, Peter Marynen, Peter Vandenberghe, Chris De Wolf-Peeters, Jan Cools, Iwona Wlodarska
Journal: Blood (2011)