tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute and chronic arterial and venous effects of captopril in congestive cardiac failure.
Authors: S. Capewell, D. Taverner, W. J. Hannan, A. L. Muir
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To determine whether captopril alters peripheral venous tone in patients with congestive cardiac failure.Open study of patients at start of captopril treatment and three months later.A hospital gamma camera laboratory.16 Men with congestive cardiac failure in New York Heart Association class II or III, aged 57-73.Patients were initially given 500 micrograms sublingual glyceryl trinitrate followed by 25 mg oral captopril. The study was then repeated after three months' captopril treatment.Previously validated non-invasive radionuclide techniques were used to measure changes in central haemodynamic variables and peripheral venous volumes in the calf.After 25 mg captopril there were falls in blood pressure and relative systemic vascular resistance and increases in cardiac index and left ventricular ejection fraction. This was accompanied by a 16% increase in peripheral venous volume (95% confidence interval 13.4% to 18.4%, p less than 0.01), which compared with an 11% increase after 500 micrograms glyceryl trinitrate (10% to 12%, p less than 0.01). Eleven patients were restudied after three months' continuous treatment with captopril. The resting venous volume was higher than it had been initially, by about 10%, and increased by a further 8.4% after 25 mg captopril (5.4% to 11.4%, p less than 0.05).Captopril is an important venodilator. Venous and arterial dilatation are produced short term and during long term treatment.
Hepatic stellate cells contribute to progenitor cells and liver regeneration
Authors: Claus Kordes, Iris Sawitza, Silke Götze, Diran Herebian, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Retinoid-storing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) have recently been described as a liver-resident mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) population; however, it is not clear whether these cells contribute to liver regeneration or serve as a progenitor cell population with hepatobiliary characteristics. Here, we purified HSCs with retinoid-dependent fluorescence-activated cell sorting from eGFP-expressing rats and transplanted these GFP+ HSCs into wild-type (WT) rats that had undergone partial hepatectomy in the presence of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF) or retrorsine, both of which are injury models that favor stem cell–based liver repair. Transplanted HSCs contributed to liver regeneration in host animals by forming mesenchymal tissue, progenitor cells, hepatocytes, and cholangiocytes and elevated direct bilirubin levels in blood sera of GUNN rats, indicating recovery from the hepatic bilirubin–handling defect in these animals. Transplanted HSCs engrafted within the bone marrow (BM) of host animals, and HSC-derived cells were isolated from BM and successfully retransplanted into new hosts with injured liver. Cultured HSCs transiently adopted an expression profile similar to that of progenitor cells during differentiation into bile acid–synthesizing and –transporting hepatocytes, suggesting that stellate cells represent a source of liver progenitor cells. This concept connects seemingly contradictory studies that favor either progenitor cells or MSCs as important players in stem cell–based liver regeneration.
Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in patients with cirrhosis: The impact of cause, clinical staging and nutritional state
Authors: Manfred J. Müller, Hans U. Lautz, Birgit Plogmann, Mechthild Bürger, Jürgen Körber, Friedrich W. Schmidt
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

ABSTRPlCT Many clinicians subjectively feel that cirrhotic patients frequently have clinical signs of hypermetabolism. However, it is unknown whether hypermetabolism is a constant feature of chronic liver disease, corresponds to liver destruction and repair or is of prognostic value. This article is about resting energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates in 123 patients with biopsy–proven cirrhosis differing with respect to cause, duration of the disease, biochemical parameters of parenchymal cell damage, cholestasis, liver function, number of complications, clinical staging and nutritional state. Resting energy expenditure varied between 1,090 and 2,300 kcal/day and differed from the predicted values in 70% of the patients. Resting energy expenditure was closely related to fat–free mass, and 52% of the variability could be explained by fat–free mass, age and sex. Of all the patients, 18% were hypermetabolic and 31% were hypometabolic. Hypermetabolism showed no strict association with the cause of cirrhosis, the duration of the disease, liver function, cholestasis, cell damage, clinical staging, blood hemoglobin, plasma thyroid hormone levels or human leukocyte antigens. An increased resting energy expenditure was associated with significant losses of muscle, body cell mass and extracellular mass at unchanged body fat, whereas fat and fat–free mass were increased in hypometabolic patients when compared with normometabolic patients. Lipid oxidation was increased, but glucose oxidation was reduced in nearly all patients with cirrhosis. This was most pronounced at advanced stages of liver disease. Although similar with respect to liver function and clinical staging, 76.2% of hypermetabolic patients had transplants within the observation period, compared with only 16.7% and 8.1% in the normometabolic group and hypometabolic group, respectively. Posttransplantation mortality was independent of pretransplantation resting energy expenditure, but it increased significantly in patients with losses in body cell mass. In conclusion, hypermetabolism is not a constant feature of cirrhosis and results more from extrahepatic than from hepatic factors. It may cause malnutrition and contributes to the clinical outcome of patients with chronic liver disease. (Hepatology 1992;15:782-794).
Percutaneous Vascular Recanalization: Technique, Application, Clinical Results
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This small monograph, consisting of 11 chapters written by 44 contributors, deals with the technique, indications, contraindications, complications, and evaluation of percutaneous vascular recanalization used in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities. Originally described by Dotter in the United States, the method has been given a much more extensive clinical trial in Europe. In fact, even at present, few vascular centers in the United States support this therapeutic approach. As a result, all of the contributors to this volume but one are either from Switzerland, Germany, or Austria.  In essence, the procedure consists of the nonsurgical dilation of stenosed arteries or of creation of a new lumen in occluded vessels (recanalization) by means of transluminal dilation, the method being carried out under local anesthesia. In recent years, the technique has become more refined with the introduction of balloon and double-lumen catheters. In response to the central expanding force
Characterization of the Excitable Gap in Human Type I Atrial Flutter
Authors: David J Callans, David Schwartzman, Charles D Gottlieb, Stephen M Dillon, Francis E Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)

We sought to characterize the excitable gap of the reentrant circuit in atrial flutter.The electrophysiologic substrate of typical atrial flutter has not been well characterized. Specifically, it is not known whether the properties of the tricuspid valve isthmus differ from those of the remainder of the circuit.Resetting was performed from two sites within the circuit: proximal (site A) and distal (site B) to the isthmus in 14 patients with type I atrial flutter. Resetting response patterns and the location where interval-dependent conduction slowing occurred were assessed.Some duration of a flat resetting response (mean +/- SD 40.1 +/- 20.9 ms, 16 +/- 8% of the cycle length) was observed in 13 of 14 patients; 1 patient had a purely increasing response. During the increasing portion of the resetting curve, interval-dependent conduction delay most commonly occurred in the isthmus. In most cases, the resetting response was similar at both sites. In three patients, the resetting response differed significantly between the two sites; this finding suggests that paced beats may transiently change conduction within the circuit or the circuit path, or both.Some duration of a flat resetting response was observed in most cases of type I atrial flutter, signifying a fully excitable gap in all portions of the circuit. The isthmus represents the portion of the circuit most vulnerable to interval-dependent conduction delay at short coupling intervals.
The Role of Langerhans cells in the Pirquet and Moro-Hamburger tuberculin reactions
Authors: L.R. Braathen, E. Thorsby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Journal Article The Role of Langerhans cells in the Pirquet and Moro‐Hamburger tuberculin reactions Get access L.R. Braathen, L.R. Braathen Department of Dermatology and Tissue Typing Laboratory, Rikshospitalet, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Thorsby E. Thorsby Department of Dermatology and Tissue Typing Laboratory, Rikshospitalet, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 103, Issue 1, 1 July 1980, Pages 109–110, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb15848.x Published: 01 July 1980
NOTES ON THE TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS. ITS EVOLUTION AND PRESENT STATUS.Read before the Ohio State Medical Society, June 17, 1891.
Authors: WILLIAM THOMAS CORLETT
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Professor of Dermatology in Western Reserve University, Medical Department, Consulting Physician for Diseases of the Skin, to Charity Hospital, St. Alexis Hospital, and the Hospital for Women and Children. The treatment of syphilis has completed a cycle, and to-day we stand upon the same ground that our medical fathers occupied nearly four hundred years ago. Familiar as they were with gonorrhœa, which even in the days of Moses was known as a "running issue out of the flesh;" familiar with the local contagious ulcers of the genitals, which had been accurately described by the most ancient medical writers of Arabia, Alexandria, Greece and Rome, they were, in 1494, amazed at the advent of a disease such as they had never seen before and whose ravages they were unable to assuage. For nearly half a century these three diseases retained their identity in medical writings, and not until the generation passed
Estrogen Receptors-Reply
Authors: David T. Kiang
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> It is possible, as stated by Posey et al, that 8S estrogen receptors may exist in human renal cell carcinoma, as its presence had previously been reported in hamster renal adenocarcinoma.<sup>1</sup>However, more detailed information as to the method of determination of sedimentation coefficients and the exact quantitative level of 8S receptors in the two male patients with renal cell carcinoma should be described. Estrogen receptor studies in human kidney and renal cell carcinoma were previously reported.<sup>2,3</sup>The report<sup>3</sup>described the presence of 4S receptors (varying from 3.5S to 5.7S) under lowsalt condition in sucrose gradient analysis of renal cell carcinoma from six male patients. The discrepancy of the results from different institutions may reflect the variation of method employed. We are looking forward to reading the detailed report of the findings of Posey et al. We certainly agree that more studies and reports in
Remission After Therapy For Graves Disease
Authors: Lyman A. Page
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  Most of the patients treated by Wartofsky (226:1083,1973) were started on a dose of antithyroid drug that was subsequently reduced. Presumably, the reduction of dosage was in response to thyroid enlargement of hypothyroidism. An alternative to reducing the dose of antithyroid drug in these circumstances is to leave the dose unchanged and to add thyroid extract. I am convinced that this approach to therapy results in far fewer therapeutic failures than does Wartofsky's approach, but I don't know of a systematic comparison to support my idea.
The Importance of Fragmented QRS in Systemic Sclerosis Patient's Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Involvement
Authors: Nermin Bayar, Şakir Arslan, Zehra Erkal, Hasan Fatih Çay, İlhan Sezer, Erkan Köklü, İsa Öner Yüksel, Deniz Demirci, Görkem Kuş, Cem Yunus Baş
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
927 VARIABILITY OF HBV REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE AND OVERLAPPING S GENE IN VIRAL ISOLATES FROM UNTREATED AND LAMIVUDINE-RESISTANT CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS
Authors: T. Pollicino, G. Isgró, R. Di Stefano, D. Ferraro, S. Maimone, S. Brancatelli, V. Di Marco, G. Squadrito, A. Craxì, G. Raimondo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Cocaine Abuse in Pregnancy
Authors: Kathryn Goldin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  The article entitled Temporal Patterns of Cocaine Use in Pregnancy1 should be useful in improving pregnancy outcomes, in that it demonstrates correlations between maternal cocaine abuse and low birth weight and between maternal cocaine abuse and poor neurological development.  However, the lower rate of intrauterine growth retardation and prematurity in the group of infants whose mothers used cocaine only during their first trimesters, as opposed to the mothers who used cocaine throughout their pregnancies, should be interpreted with caution. One of the stated goals of the Perinatal Center for Chemical Dependence, where the study took place, was to facilitate the mothers' stopping their cocaine abuse. Therefore, an element of self-selection may be confounding the results. I suspect that mothers who were successful in abstaining from cocaine abuse after their first trimester may also have successfully stopped or reduced use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, caffeine, or other drugs
Abstract P3-05-09: Interlaboratory variability of Ki67 labeling index in breast cancer tissue microarrays
Authors: CM Focke, D Gläser, K Finsterbusch, H Bürger, E Korsching, K-H Berghäuser, B Hinrichs, U Krause, J Lorenzen, J Packeisen, PJ van Diest, T Decker
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objective: Assessment of tumor proliferation using the Ki67 labeling index (Ki67-LI) is increasingly recommended for prognostication and adjuvant chemotherapy decisions in breast cancer. Our aim was to investigate interlaboratory variance of Ki67-LI results using TMA and centralised assessment to exclude preanalytic influences and postanalytic variance, respectively. Methods: Nine pathology laboratories (8 German and 1 Dutch) performed Ki67 staining of a TMA slide according to their routine in house protocol (including internal and external quality assurance). 40 samples per lab were centrally analyzed. The Ki67-LI was calculated after counting first all tumor cells and subsequently all Ki67 positive tumor cells of each sample regardless of staining intensity. For each tissue sample we evaluated the range of Ki67-LIs between different labs. Further 20 labs of the German Breast Screening Pathology Initiative will participate in 2013. Results: The range of Ki67-LIs between the labs was: 1-5% in 4 (10%), 6-10% in 6 (15%), 11-15% in 7 (17,5%), 16-20% in 2 (5%), 21-25% in 7 (17%), 26-30% in 4 (10%), 31-35% in 1 (1%), 36-40% in 4 (10%), 41-45% in 2 (5%), 46-50 in 0 (0%) and &amp;gt;50% in 3 samples (7%), respectively. Thus, in 35% of results of the 9 labs (26 of the 40 TMA specimens) the Ki67-LI differed by more than 25%. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) came out with F = 4.24 which is much larger than the critical F value of 1.97 for these study results (p = 7.74902E-05). This means that the observed interlaboratory variance of 4.24 is systematic and not due to sampling error. The respective standard deviation is 33.4%. Conclusion: In a setting strictly standardised in terms of preanalytic influences by using TMA and postanalytic variance by centralised quantification, Ki67-LI seems to be heavily influenced by laboratory-specific analytic variables. Taking this into consideration, there may be a risk of prognostic or predictive misclassification in some breast cancer patients in daily practice. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-05-09.
Use of the Pneumatic Antishock Garment
Authors: Stephen R. Dannewitz
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report entitled "One Caution in Pneumatic Antishock Garment Use" concerns me greatly. The time course for the events from birth is described sketchily. One is left with the impression that the patient underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation for a considerable interval (how soon after parturition?) before help was summoned. Proper application of the pneumatic antishock garment after an interval of seven minutes without vital signs would increase intraabdominal and inferior vena caval pressure<sup>1</sup>and act as a barrier to cephalad migration of blood<sup>2</sup>and, presumably, air. Creation of a<i>negative</i>intrathoracic pressure would also be obviated by mechanical ventilation. One should look more closely at the negative intrathoracic pressures created on the release of chest compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation before sounding an alarm against therapy with the pneumatic antishock garment. To deny therapy of potential lifesaving magnitude like that of a properly applied pneumatic antishock garment
Medicine and the Criminal Justice System
Authors: VINCENT P. DOLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

It is the duty of physicians to be aware of medical conditions in jails and of the effects of incarceration on prisoners. They owe this service to the community both as health professionals and as influential citizens. Failure to participate, as least in being informed and voting, leaves this field open to political demagoguery. The major medical organizations should be vigilant in evaluating and, when justified, supporting physicians working in this politically sensitive field of the criminal justice system. It is critically important that medical societies protect human rights and carefully evaluate any social experiments that purport to substitute medical treatment for criminal processes. We must see the implications of treating crime as a disease and accept the responsibility.
Inhibition of Leukotriene (SRS‐A)‐Mediated Acute Lung Anaphylaxis by Azelastine in Guinea Pigs
Authors: N. Chand, K. Nolan, W. Diamantis, J. L. Perhach, R. D. Sofia
Journal: Allergy (1986)

Azelastine hydrochloride, chemically known as 1(2H)-phthalazinone, 4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-azepine-4-yl)-, monohydrochloride, is a novel, orally effective, long-acting, antiallergic/antiasthmatic agent. The ability of azelastine and selected antiallergic drugs to inhibit SRS-A (leukotriene)-mediated acute lung anaphylaxis in guinea pigs (Konzett-Rossler method) was investigated. Azelastine and ketotifen were administered p.o. 2 and 24 h before antigen challenge; disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was administered i.v. immediately before antigen challenge. The oral dose of azelastine required to inhibit leukotriene-mediated allergic bronchospasm by 50% (ID50: mg/kg) was 0.063 at 2 h and 0.120 at 24 h. Ketotifen at a dose of 0.05 to 10 mg/kg at 2 and 24 h, p.o., as well as DSCG at a dosage of 0.3 to 10 mg/kg at 0 min, i.v., produced weak, inconsistent and nondose-related antianaphylactic effects. Azelastine is an orally effective and long-acting inhibitor of in vivo synthesis and/or release of leukotrienes.
790-4 The Prognostic Importance of Anterior ST-Segment Depression in Inferior Myocardial Infarctions: Results in 16,185 Patients
Authors: Eric D. Peterson, William R. Hathaway, K. Michael Zabel, Lynn H. Woodlief, Christopher B. Granger, Galen S. Wagner, Eric J. Topol, Eric R. Bates, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
“Somatostatinoma”: A Somatostatin-Containing Tumor of the Endocrine Pancreas
Authors: O P Ganda, G C Weir, J S Soeldner, M A Legg, W L Chick, Y C Patel, A M Ebeid, K H Gabbay, S Reichlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We studied the pancreatic and enteric hormone profile of a 46-year-old woman who had hyperglycemia and a pancreatic tumor. Before operation, there was no evidence of overproduction of glucagon or insulin. The tumor's ultrastructure had a distinctive endocrine morphology, resembling D cells. Prompted by the recent demonstration of somatostatin in D cells of pancreatic islets, we analyzed the tumor and found a large quantity of immunoreactive somatostatin (301 ng per milligram of tissue). Insulin, glucagon, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and human pancreatic polypeptide were present in only trace quantities. The tumor cells were cultured in monolayers, which remained viable up to 51 days and released somatostatin into the culture medium. In seven insulinomas and two glucagonomas, we found the somatostatin content either much lower (less than 0.6 ng per milligram of tissue) or undetectable. After complete resection of the tumor, our patient became euglycemic and has remained so for the past 20 months.
Coronary Care in a Small Hospital Without House Staff.
Authors: Gerard Church
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Coronary Care in a Small Hospital Without House Staff.Gerard Church, M.D., F.A.C.P., Richard N. Peeler, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert O. Biern, M.D., Peter F. Verkouw, M.D.Gerard Church, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Richard N. Peeler, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert O. Biern, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Peter F. Verkouw, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1075_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis study demonstrated the practicality and eftiveness of a coronary unit in a small community hospital of 200 beds without house staff and a working system of physician coverage for the unit.A four-bed unit is illustrated showing location and type of equipment. Nursing coverage is one registered nurse and one practical nurse on each shift. RNs are authorized to defibrillate and use intravenous lidocaine, atropine, and sodium bicarbonate. Physician coverage is provided by an eight-man team in full-time private practice rotating in turn for a 3-day period. The duty physicians carries a radio for contact from the unit. He... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Annapolis, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1075-1075KeywordsAtropineBicarbonatesNursesSodium Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Remission of Thyrotoxicosis during Treatment with Propranolol
Authors: D. G. McLarty, B. E. W. Brownlie, W. D. Alexander, P. D. Papapetrou, P. Horton
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Twenty-eight thyrotoxic patients were treated with propranolol. In seven patients the drug had to be discontinued after one or two months, but in the remaining 21 clinical improvement was observed. Serial clinical studies and tests of thyroid function performed at monthly intervals showed that in four patients thyrotoxicosis remitted and all indices of thyroid function returned to normal. A fifth patient shows distinct evidence of remission with the 20-minute <sup>132</sup>I uptake falling to normal, although the free-thyroxine index remains slightly raised. It is likely that these remissions reflect the natural tendency of the disease to remit since propranolol is not considered to have any direct in-vivo effect on thyroid function. However, because of failure to gain adequate control of symptoms in all patients treated, and the fact that circulating thyroid hormone levels were often not restored to normal, propranolol is considered an unsatisfactory alternative to conventional antithyroid drugs for routine treatment.