tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delayed Onset of Subendocardial Diastolic Thinning at Rest Identifies Hypoperfused Myocardium
Authors: Jianwen Wang, Theodore P. Abraham, Josef Korinek, Stig Urheim, Eileen M. McMahon, Marek Belohlavek
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Onset of myocardial relaxation is highly energy dependent. Perfusion and therefore energy substrate delivery are predominantly reduced in the subendocardial myocardium in the early stages of progressive ischemia. We hypothesized that delayed onset of subendocardial diastolic thinning will functionally identify regionally hypoperfused resting myocardium. Methods and Results— Progressive left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis was induced by an ameroid occluder and maintained for 1 or 2 weeks (end point) in 12 dogs. M-mode tissue Doppler images of the anterior apical and middle segments (testing region) and middle inferior segment (control region) were acquired selectively in the subendocardium and subepicardium. The time to the onset of thinning was measured with the use of tissue Doppler velocity (TOTv) and a thickness function (TOTt). At the end point in the testing region, myocardial flow was significantly lower in the subendocardial layer ( P &lt;0.05) in all animals, whereas viability staining showed preserved transmural viability in 10 dogs and thin subendocardial necrosis in 2 dogs. Both TOTv and TOTt were significantly ( P &lt;0.01) prolonged in the testing region. The mean difference between subendocardial and subepicardial TOTv values versus that in the control region identified the ischemic region, even when only dogs with hypoperfused but transmurally viable myocardium were considered ( P &lt;0.05). Systolic and diastolic myocardial velocities did not identify subendocardial hypoperfusion. Conclusions— In resting myocardium subtended to progressive coronary stenosis, a delayed onset of subendocardial thinning suggests an early stage of hypoperfusion, before the development of local wall motion abnormalities.
Doctors playing at politics
Authors: Harry McNaughton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I n 2003 the New Zealand Ministry of Health funded an update of the New Zealand stroke guideline (available at www.stroke.org.nz). As part of the launch of the guideline the minister of health hosted a parliamentary function. As a co-editor of the guideline I was invited to speak for five minutes on its main points. What follows is my description of the experience of trying to get an important message across to a political audience in a short space of time.

The minister of health is in the front row. Maori greetings, responses, and waiata (songs) are completed. Caterers' trays jingle in the background. How do you say, in five minutes, something that will make a minister sit up and act? Did I miss this bit of the medical curriculum? “Ten easy ways to convince politicians and civil servants”? Perhaps not.

This launch represents the work of dozens of clinicians, consumers, and voluntary organisations putting the case for better service delivery for people at risk of stroke and better management of stroke …
FATAL CASE OF BLACKWATER FEVER SUPERVENING ON AMEBIC DYSENTERY AND SHOWING MALARIAL PARASITES IN THE BLOOD.
Authors: F. CREIGHTON WELLMAN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

<h3>Patient.</h3> —Lieutenant M. de G., aged 26, Portuguese, was first seen Dec. 20, 1904. <h3>History.</h3> —The patient had been in Africa two years. The first year and a half of this time were spent on the coast, the last six months in the interior. He has never suffered much from malaria nor blackwater fever. Recently he was again sent to the coast, where he spent three weeks. As he was leaving to return to the interior he was attacked with a sharp diarrhea and passed some blood. He recovered in a few days and continued his journey. He has had some looseness of the bowels, with occasional pains, ever since. After his arrival at Bihi fort he had a relapse of the "diarrhea" and was in considerable distress and very weak. He thought he also had some fever, so he came to me for advice. <h3>General Condition.</h3> —The patient was
An efferocytosis-induced, IL-4–dependent macrophage-iNKT cell circuit suppresses sterile inflammation and is defective in murine CGD
Authors: Melody Yue Zeng, Duy Pham, Juhi Bagaitkar, Jianyun Liu, Karel Otero, Ming Shan, Thomas A. Wynn, Frank Brombacher, Randy R. Brutkiewicz, Mark H. Kaplan, Mary C. Dinauer
Journal: Blood (2013)
Effect of Danazol on Coagulation Parameters and Bleeding in Hemophilia
Authors: Harinder S. Garewal
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Danazol was given orally at a dose of 600 mg/day to six hemophiliacs for eight to 14 weeks. All patients showed a significant decrease in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) beginning with the first measurement (two weeks) and persisting until use of the drug was discontinued. However, a corresponding increase in the deficient factor activity could not be consistently demonstrated. Despite the shortened APTT, bleeding episodes continued in the severe hemophiliacs and the patient with Christmas disease. In four patients, bleeding appeared to increase in severity or change in pattern, and in two cases the bleeding manifestations did not respond to usual factor infusions but responded to discontinuation of the drug therapy and further factor replacement. Euglobulin lysis times were measured in five patients (one hemophiliac and four with nonhemophilic conditions) who were receiving danazol. The lysis times were markedly shortened. Increased fibrinolytic activity may be responsible for the increased bleeding manifestations in danazol-treated hemophiliacs. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1154-1156)
Human Fascioliasis in Shropshire
Authors: W. L. G. Ashton, P. L. Boardman, C. J. D'Sa, P. H. Everall, A. W. J. Houghton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Five patients with fascioliasis presented with malaise, pruritus, and pain in the right hypochondrium. Eosinophilia, increase in serum gamma globulin, and pyrexia were other features. Four patients treated with oral bithionol recovered completely and it is suggested that this is an effective form of therapy. The double diffusion precipitin test, being speedy and simple, was used as a screening procedure for diagnosis. The source of infection was wild watercress growing in a farm ditch.
Abstract 4745: Quantitative single-cell functional characterization of CD19-specific CAR+ T Cells for immunotherapy.
Authors: Navin Varadarajan, Ivan Liadi, Gabrielle Romain, Harjeet Singh, Laurence J.N. Cooper
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) utilizing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells rendered specific for CD19 have demonstrated significant anti-tumor effects in patients with CD19+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) that were considered untreatable, including the use of stem-cell transplantation. In spite of the clinical promise of ACT in achieving complete responses, their efficacy remains unpredictable and new approaches are needed to address a priori define the therapeutic potential of T-cell based therapies. In our current work, we characterize the in vitro functionality of CD19-specific (CD19RCD28) CAR+ T cells propagated using artificial antigen presenting cells expressing membrane bound IL-21, by employing a novel methodology single-cell nanowell screening that determines their cytotoxic ability and cytokine secretion capability at single-cell resolution. We show that CAR+ T cells exert specific cytotoxicity against NALM6 cells (31 ± 8 %) when co-incubated at a 1:1 ratio in nanowell containers. Furthermore, single CAR+ T cells were capable of engaging and killing multiple targets; 17 ± 8% of T cells killed two target cells and 9 ± 3% killed three target cells within the 6 hour window of observation. In parallel, microengraving was used to determine the cytokine secretion profile of these same cells. Hierarchical clustering of the two functions indicated that interferon-gamma (IFNγ) secretion is not correlated to cytotoxicity or the ability of T cells to kill multiple target cells. Simultaneously, monitoring apoptosis on CAR+ T cells allowed us to quantify their activation-induced cell death (AICD). CAR+ T cells that secreted IFNγ upon target ligation did not undergo AICD whereas T cells that engaged in repeated killing showed an increased propensity to undergo AICD (p = 0.04). Finally, automated time-lapse microscopy of hundreds of these effector target interactions allowed us to quantify the kinetics of effector mediated lysis and effector cell velocity profiles before and after lysis. These analyses demonstrate that individual CAR+ T cells demonstrate vastly different individual killing profiles, at least in vitro. In summary, our SNS based methodology allows the deep functional characterization of clinical grade CAR+ T cells and can be used to determine in vitro functions of CAR+ T cells that correlate with clinical efficacy. Citation Format: Navin Varadarajan, Ivan Liadi, Gabrielle Romain, Harjeet Singh, Laurence J.N. Cooper. Quantitative single-cell functional characterization of CD19-specific CAR+ T Cells for immunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4745. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4745
Aflatoxin content of foods served to a population with a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ghanshyam Lohiya, Laura Nichols, Dennis Hsieh, Sunita Lohiya, Hoan Nguyen
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

During three seasons, 36 samples of foods served to mentally retarded clients with a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma were analyzed for aflatoxin. Aflatoxin was not detected (less than 5 ppb) by thinlayer liquid chromatography in 35 food samples containing peanuts, corn, wheat or milk. One peanut butter sample contained 20 ppb aflatoxin. Aflatoxin content of these foods was at or below the level permitted by the Food and Drug Administration. Aflatoxin is probably not responsible for liver disease in this population.
Which Rate Is Right?
Authors: John Wennberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The amount of medical care people receive varies substantially, depending on the local hospital market area1 2 3 4 5 and the region6 or the country where they live. In this issue, Chassin and his colleagues6 show large variations in the rates of most diagnostic and surgical procedures among Medicare populations living in 13 large regions of the United States. Although a few operations, such as inguinal hernia repair, showed relatively little variation, more than half, including such invasive procedures as coronary bypass surgery, showed more than a threefold variation between regions. The authors are not able to interpret the clinical implications of the . . .
Osteoporosis is a risk factor, not a disease
Authors: K E Pearce
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—The principal results of the Medical Research Council's trial of mild hypertension were published in 1985.1 Many at the time were disappointed by the modest benefits of treatment, particularly for the cardiovascular (as opposed to the cerebrovascular) system. This work has resulted in re-evaluating how to prevent stroke and myocardial infarction. Hypertension is not of course a disease but one of several risk factors for stroke and coronary heart disease, and we as doctors can now give …
UK is urged to introduce standardised tobacco packs as Australia marks policy's second anniversary
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The charity Cancer Research UK has urged the United Kingdom to follow Australia’s lead and introduce standardised packaging for cigarettes.

It has now been two years since Australia brought in standardised packaging of tobacco products. The law, introduced on 1 December 2012, prohibits branding and trademarks on packs, except for the brand name in a standard font. The packs are a drab olive brown colour, and the text is light grey. 

Sarah Woolnough, Cancer Research UK’s executive director of policy and information, said, “Australia took the lead on this issue …
Concerning the Climate of Torquay
Authors: S. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1876)

paper, wlhich is in the Vienna Ar-cHiv Jtir Deri-mzlolodie utnd Syphilis, 1874, Vicrtes Hleft, should be read in coninection with a report on the sul)ject wliiclv wili, I understand, he slhortly publislhed by the India Office ; and, as it is too long to abstract satisfactorily, I am desirous of callinig the attention of those interested in the question to the original mnen-roir.It contains, amongst other valuable matter, a de- tailed description of some of the cases which he observed.lIe has selected for this purpose seven cases of syphilis, four of ltpus, two of destructive scrofulous disease, two of eczema, one of furuncle, one of dermatitis, and one of chronic ulcer of the leg.It is suchi cases that are believed by the inhabitants and medical men of Aleppo to be examples of Aleppo evil, yet Dr. Geber's description (all question of authority apart) can, I think, leave no doubt in the minds of those familiar with skin-diseases as to the accuracy of his diagnosis.Dr. Geber lias, by his intelligent scepticism, dealt a blow to this gigantic
Herpesvirus-Like DNA Sequence in Angiosarcoma in a Patient without HIV Infection
Authors: Rolland Gyulai, Lajos Kemény, Mária Kiss, Éva Ádám, Ferenc Nagy, Attila Dobozy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of a new gamma herpesvirus–like DNA sequence, designated Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus-8, in different forms of Kaposi's sarcoma in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)1 and in uninfected patients.2 KSHV sequences were also detected in proliferative lesions other than Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS-related body-cavity–based lymphomas,3 Castleman's disease,4 and various proliferative skin lesions5) in immunocompromised patients. Nador et al. (Oct. 5 issue)6 reported finding KSHV DNA in a body-cavity–based lymphoma in an HIV-negative patient. We report detecting the KSHV sequence in another non–Kaposi's sarcoma tumor from a . . .
Inducible adeno-associated virus vectors promote functional angiogenesis in adult organisms via regulated vascular endothelial growth factor expression
Authors: Sabrina Tafuro, Eduard Ayuso, Serena Zacchigna, Lorena Zentilin, Silvia Moimas, Franca Dore, Mauro Giacca
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family are among the most promising cytokines to induce neovascularization of ischaemic tissues; however, their unregulated expression often results in major undesired effects. Here, we describe the properties of inducible vectors based on the adeno-associated virus (AAV), allowing precise control of VEGF expression, and exploit these vectors to define the kinetics of the angiogenic response elicited by the factor. Based on a tetracycline-inducible transactivator, we designed an AAV vector system allowing the pharmacological regulation of VEGF production in vivo and tested its efficacy in inducing functional neoangiogenesis in both normoperfused and ischaemic skeletal muscle in mice by a combination of histological, immunofluorescent, and molecular imaging techniques. We observed that a prolonged expression of VEGF was required to determine the formation of stable vessels, able to persist upon withdrawal of the angiogenic stimulus. However, the vessels formed in the presence of continuous VEGF expression consisted mainly of dilated and leaky capillaries. As determined after pinhole scintigraphy, this abnormal vasculature accounted for a significant drop in functional tissue perfusion. In contrast, transient VEGF expression, followed by a period of VEGF withdrawal, allowed maintenance of functional perfusion under resting conditions and during exercise. This VEGF-inducible system was highly effective in improving vascularization and function in a hind-limb ischaemia model. Together, these results clearly indicate that the fine tuning of VEGF expression is required to achieve the formation of a stable vasculature able to sustain functional neovascularization.
Quality, competency and endosonography
Authors: D. Faigel
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

For all of us committed to the practice of medicine, the provision of high-quality patient care has been of paramount importance. This is particularly true of invasive procedures where patients place their trust in us to provide a safe, accurate, and technically successful procedure, and that we will use the information gained to advance their health and well being. These principles apply especially to technically complex procedures such as endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), which is often done in ill patients suffering from cancer.
Real-time magnetic resonance imaging guidance for endograft delivery in a porcine model of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Venkatesh K. Raman, Michael A. Guttman, Breno S. Pessanha, Alexander J. Dick, Dana C. Peters, Elliot R. McVeigh, Robert J. Lederman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Foetal antigen 2 (FA2) in relation to wound healing and fibroblast proliferation
Authors: H.BOJE RASMUSSEN, B. TEISNER, J.A. ANDERSEN, E. YDE-ANDERSEN, I. LEIGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

During wound healing of human skin the deposition of foetal antigen 2 (FA2) and basement membrane (BM) components collagen type IV and collagen VII was followed. FA2 appeared on day 8 in the cytoplasm of proliferating fibroblasts and around newly formed blood vessels. As granulation tissue was formed, FA2 was seen diffusely in the loose matrix and in proliferating fibroblasts. Reestablishment of FA2 as a broad diffuse band along the BM at the dermo-epidermal junction was seen on day 22. In contrast, type IV and VII collagen were found along the BM and in the basal cells of the newly formed epithelium and a continuous linear BM distribution of these two components were reestablished by days 12 and 14, respectively. The molecular weight (Mr) analysis of FA2, isolated from human skin fibroblast culture supernatants using SDS–PAGE, revealed a Mr of 27 kDa, corresponding to that of FA2 isolated from amniotic fluid. The presence of FA2 in proliferating fibroblasts and diffusely in the newly formed matrix of granulation tissue, as well as its late appearance at the BM after this had become established, suggests that FA2 takes part in connective tissue metabolism and perhaps tissue morphogenesis.
A RAPID AND SIMPLE METHOD OF DETERMINING NERVE INJURIES IN THE EXTREMITIES
Authors: K. WINFIELD NEY
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The late discovery of a nerve injury in a traumatized extremity, particularly when following the debridement of a wound, the adjustment of a dislocation, the setting of a fracture or the application of a splint, is a serious event in the experience of the traumatic surgeon, and certainly the burden of responsibility rests on that surgeon who only after some operative intervention on an extremity discovers the presence of a nerve injury that was not mentioned in the preoperative records. As a rule, the average surgeon feels that the examination of an extremity for a nerve injury is a process requiring considerable technical skill and neurologic knowledge, and that such an examination, to be reliable, should be made by a neurologist. While this is true in some respects, it nevertheless does not excuse the surgeon for overlooking and neglecting a nerve injury. It is commonly believed that to examine an
Radiology of the Skull and Brain, vol 3: Anatomy and Pathology
Authors: Michael S. Huckman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

latest addition to this fine series is a concise presentation of the anatomy, pathology, and diseases of the brain that can be demonstrated by imaging techniques. Like its predecessors, this volume reflects the high standards set by the editors.  anatomy portion concentrates on skull-brain relationships, with excellent discussion of the cranial nerves, the gyri, and the internal structures of the brain. Several sections should prove useful to those doing computerized tomography of the brain, although this is not meant to be an atlas on this subject.   chapter on the CSF might well be entitled The Anatomy and Physiology of the Subarachnoid Space. It traces CSF from its production to its resorption. This chapter, much of whose material is from Dr Potts' own research, is probably one of the finest treatises on the formation and function of CSF and the mechanics of ventricular dilation to be found anywhere
STUDIES ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE VIRUS OF LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM
Authors: Murray Sanders
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

Two strains of the lymphogranuloma venereum virus were maintained in tissue cultures for 12 and 21 generations respectively. In a third strain a quantitative increase in potency as high as 1000 times was obtained by inoculating tissue cultures with infected emulsions of known virulence. Greater increases in potency were consistently obtained by maintaining tissue cultures and virus at room temperature (23 degrees C. with a range of approximately +/- 5 degrees C.) than by incubating them at 37 degrees C. The virus did not survive in the absence of oxygen. Embryonic guinea pig brain and serum ultrafiltrate were found to be the most effective vehicles for propagation of the lymphogranuloma virus. There is evidence that the site of activity for this virus is intracellular. Embryonic guinea pig brain cells were maintained in the serum ultrafiltrate diluted with buffered salt solution in good (morphologic) condition for as long as 70 days. Not only could old cultures be successfully inoculated with the virus of lymphogranuloma, but high titres could be maintained over extended periods.
Common Causes of Excessive Patient Exposure in Diagnostic Radiology
Authors: Hanson Blatz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

DURING the past half century a wealth of information on the harmful effects on human beings resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation has been developed. These have been substantially documented in terms of deaths, blood changes, carcinogenesis, cataracts and possible genetic changes. Biologic damage can be classified in three general ways: acute effects, such as those resulting from serious accidents or gross negligence; chronic effects, resulting from repeated small doses or sustained low-level exposure; and genetic effects, which can be considered only in terms of the average exposure of a large population of reproductive age. Radiation exposure has been classified . . .
Personality Pattern of Patients with Chronic Gastric Ulcer: A Case Control Study
Authors: Guido Magni, Francesco Di Mario, Giorgio Trinciarelli, Patrick Conlon, Giovanna Donzella
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

Personality factors are thought to play a role in peptic ulcer disease. In this study the psychological profiles of chronic gastric ulcer (GU) patients (n = 28) were compared to matched controls (n = 28) using the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Form C. GU patients were characterized by traits of anxiety, dependence, introspection, trustfulness and adaptability. These findings are discussed in the light of the literature on personality and peptic ulcer disease.