tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eustrongylidiasis — A Parasitic Infection Acquired by Eating Sushi
Authors: Murray Wittner, James W. Turner, Germaine Jacquette, Lawrence R. Ash, Miklos P. Salgo, Herbert B. Tanowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

IN recent years raw fish has come to be seen as a delicacy in the United States. It is now served in numerous restaurants across the country. This has served to increase the risk of a variety of diseases associated with its ingestion. We describe an unusual infection of a college student with a species of eustrongylides, a nematode parasite of fish-eating birds, that was most likely acquired by eating raw fish, an ingredient of sushi and sashimi.Case ReportA 24-year-old man was admitted to Booth Memorial Hospital in New York City, with a 10-hour history of pain in . . .
No better than less expensive drugs
Authors: T. L. Perry, S. S. Lippman, M. McConnell, A. M. Tejani
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The meta-analysis of short term studies using dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for type 2 diabetes indicates that they lower glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) without causing weight gain or increasing mortality or serious adverse events. 1 In return, they increase drug costs.

However, drug treatment for type 2 diabetes aims to prevent or …
Enhanced Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca <sup>2+</sup> Leak and Increased Na <sup>+</sup> -Ca <sup>2+</sup> Exchanger Function Underlie Delayed Afterdepolarizations in Patients With Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Niels Voigt, Na Li, Qiongling Wang, Wei Wang, Andrew W. Trafford, Issam Abu-Taha, Qiang Sun, Thomas Wieland, Ursula Ravens, Stanley Nattel, Xander H.T. Wehrens, Dobromir Dobrev
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) carried by Na(+)-Ca(2+)-exchange current (I(NCX)) in response to sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) leak can promote atrial fibrillation (AF). The mechanisms leading to delayed afterdepolarizations in AF patients have not been defined.Protein levels (Western blot), membrane currents and action potentials (patch clamp), and [Ca(2+)](i) (Fluo-3) were measured in right atrial samples from 76 sinus rhythm (control) and 72 chronic AF (cAF) patients. Diastolic [Ca(2+)](i) and SR Ca(2+) content (integrated I(NCX) during caffeine-induced Ca(2+) transient) were unchanged, whereas diastolic SR Ca(2+) leak, estimated by blocking ryanodine receptors (RyR2) with tetracaine, was ≈50% higher in cAF versus control. Single-channel recordings from atrial RyR2 reconstituted into lipid bilayers revealed enhanced open probability in cAF samples, providing a molecular basis for increased SR Ca(2+) leak. Calmodulin expression (60%), Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II (CaMKII) autophosphorylation at Thr287 (87%), and RyR2 phosphorylation at Ser2808 (protein kinase A/CaMKII site, 236%) and Ser2814 (CaMKII site, 77%) were increased in cAF. The selective CaMKII blocker KN-93 decreased SR Ca(2+) leak, the frequency of spontaneous Ca(2+) release events, and RyR2 open probability in cAF, whereas protein kinase A inhibition with H-89 was ineffective. Knock-in mice with constitutively phosphorylated RyR2 at Ser2814 showed a higher incidence of Ca(2+) sparks and increased susceptibility to pacing-induced AF compared with controls. The relationship between [Ca(2+)](i) and I(NCX) density revealed I(NCX) upregulation in cAF. Spontaneous Ca(2+) release events accompanied by inward I(NCX) currents and delayed afterdepolarizations/triggered activity occurred more often and the sensitivity of resting membrane voltage to elevated [Ca(2+)](i) (diastolic [Ca(2+)](i)-voltage coupling gain) was higher in cAF compared with control.Enhanced SR Ca(2+) leak through CaMKII-hyperphosphorylated RyR2, in combination with larger I(NCX) for a given SR Ca(2+) release and increased diastolic [Ca(2+)](i)-voltage coupling gain, causes AF-promoting atrial delayed afterdepolarizations/triggered activity in cAF patients.
Enhanced chemiluminescence as a measure of oxygen-derived free radical generation during ischemia and reperfusion.
Authors: T D Henry, S L Archer, D Nelson, E K Weir, A H From
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

It has been suggested that oxygen-derived free radicals may contribute to the myocardial injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion. As the presence of enhanced free radical generation is a prerequisite for such damage, several techniques have been used to provide evidence of increased oxygen free radical production during reperfusion; however, all such techniques have substantial limitations. In this study, we used enhanced chemiluminescence to evaluate oxygen free radical generation during ischemia and reperfusion in the isolated Langendorff-perfused rat heart. The chemiluminescent technique, which has high sensitivity and can monitor radical generation continuously, avoids some of the limitations of earlier methods. Chemiluminescence (expressed as counts per second) decreased from 219 +/- 11 at baseline to 142 +/- 9 during ischemia and markedly increased to a peak of 476 +/- 36 during the first 3-5 minutes of reperfusion. This was followed by a slow decline over 11-16 minutes to a steady-state level of 253 +/- 14 (each sequential change in chemiluminescence was highly significant; p less than 0.001). Superoxide dismutase (2,000 units/min) significantly decreased peak reperfusion chemiluminescence to 316 +/- 17 (p less than 0.01). Hearts subjected to a second period of ischemia and reperfusion had a higher peak chemiluminescence (626 +/- 62), which also was significantly attenuated by 1,000 units/min superoxide dismutase (398 +/- 16; p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
T Follicular Helper Cells Have Distinct Modes of Migration and Molecular Signatures in Naive and Memory Immune Responses
Authors: Dan Suan, Akira Nguyen, Imogen Moran, Katherine Bourne, Jana R. Hermes, Mehreen Arshi, Henry R. Hampton, Michio Tomura, Yoshihiro Miwa, Anthony D. Kelleher, Warren Kaplan, Elissa K. Deenick, Stuart G. Tangye, Robert Brink, Tatyana Chtanova, Tri Giang Phan
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Newer Considerations in Air Embolism During Operation
Authors: Louis Tisovec
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Providing anesthesia for patients who are in the sitting position presents problems of major magnitude. Circulatory insufficiency and air embolism are perhaps the most important of these. The latter has often been catastrophic in onset and consequence, but two recent developments demonstrated in the following case provide possible means of more successful management of this complication. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old man was anesthetized for a suboccipital craniectomy to be performed with the patient in the sitting position. The anesthetic management consisted of intravenous induction with thiopental sodium followed by maintenance with halothane (Fluothane), nitrous oxide (3 liters/ min), and oxygen (2 liters/min). A 14-gauge, 24-inch plastic catheter, inserted into the right antecubital vein until only 6 inches of catheter were exposed externally, was connected to a strain gauge to monitor central venous pressure. Arterial blood pressure was similarly monitored via an indwelling arterial catheter. An esophageal stethoscope was
Assessing the health benefits of urban air pollution reductions associated with climate change mitigation (2000-2020): Santiago, São Paulo, México City, and New York City.
Authors: L Cifuentes, V H Borja-Aburto, N Gouveia, G Thurston, D L Davis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

To investigate the potential local health benefits of adopting greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies, we develop scenarios of GHG mitigation for México City, México; Santiago, Chile; São Paulo, Brazil; and New York, New York, USA using air pollution health impact factors appropriate to each city. We estimate that the adoption of readily available technologies to lessen fossil fuel emissions over the next two decades in these four cities alone will reduce particulate matter and ozone and avoid approximately 64,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 18,000-116,000) premature deaths (including infant deaths), 65,000 (95% CI 22,000-108,000) chronic bronchitis cases, and 46 million (95% CI 35-58 million) person-days of work loss or other restricted activity. These findings illustrate that GHG mitigation can provide considerable local air pollution-related public health benefits to countries that choose to abate GHG emissions by reducing fossil fuel combustion.
Murine V kappa gene expression does not follow the VH paradigm.
Authors: A Kaushik, D H Schulze, C Bona, G Kelsoe
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

V kappa gene family expression among LPS-reactive murine B lymphocytes, unlike that of VH gene families, is not proportional to genomic complexity, i.e., nonstoichiometric. Furthermore, no positional bias for the overexpression of J-proximal V kappa genes (V kappa 21) is observed among neonatal B lymphocytes. Yet, the V kappa 1 and V kappa 9 families located in the center of V kappa locus are preferentially used by neonatal B splenocytes. Thus, the mechanisms of V kappa gene rearrangement and expression appear to differ significantly from those controlling the VH locus.
Electrocardiographic T-Wave Changes During Lithium Carbonate Treatment
Authors: Robert G. Demers
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Serial electrocardiograms were obtained under controlled and bouble-blind conditions before, during, and after lithium carbonate treatment in six manic-depressive patients. A statistically significant increase in the frequency of T-wave depression was observed to occur during lithium carbonate treatment in each patient, but no other ECG changes or serum electrolyte abnormalities were observed. The extent of T-wave depression was not related to sodium intake or to serum lithium ion levels. There was no evidence of cardiac damage as measured by normal serum enzyme studies and circulation times. Slight pretibial edema that occurred was not related to ECG T-wave changes. It is concluded that lithium carbonate treatment has a consistent, but benign and reversible, effect on the myocardium.
Increased Sensitivity of Antigen-Experienced T Cells through the Enrichment of Oligomeric T Cell Receptor Complexes
Authors: Rashmi Kumar, María Ferez, Mahima Swamy, Ignacio Arechaga, María Teresa Rejas, Jose M. Valpuesta, Wolfgang W.A. Schamel, Balbino Alarcon, Hisse M. van Santen
Journal: Immunity (2011)
The Effect of "Salt" Hypertension on Atherosclerosis in Chicks Fed Mash without a Cholesterol Supplement
Authors: J. STAMLER, L. N. KATZ, P. Johnson
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Hypertension induced by adding sodium chloride to the diet (0.9 per cent) or drinking water (8 per cent) of chicks on plain mash did not intensify spontaneous atherosclerosis or lead to atherosclerotic lesions of the induced type.
2-Thiouracil for Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: E. P. Sharpey-Schafer
Journal: BMJ (1946)

Serratiopeptidase-loaded poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres were prepared using the modified double emulsion method. The effect of polymer concentration and external aqueous phase volume on microsphere size and entrapment efficiency was studied by 3<sup>2</sup> full factorial experiments. The results of analysis of variance test for measured responses indicated the test9s significance (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The contribution of PLGA concentration on microsphere size and percentage yield was found to be higher than that of external aqueous phase volume, which produced a significant effect on entrapment efficiency. Microspheres demonstrated spherical particles in the size range of 19.08–41.14 μm and entrapment efficiency between 15.37 and 79.86%. The formulation using a medium level of polymer and a low level of external aqueous phase (PLGA: 300 mg; EAP: 100 mL) showed maximum entrapment (75.86 ± 2.31%). The in vitro release profile of all formulations demonstrated a similar sustained release showing an initial burst followed by diffusion. The bioactivity of the peptide remained intact after microencapsulation as assayed by in vitro proteolytic activity. Response surface graphs are presented to examine the effects of independent variables on the responses studied. In conclusion, controlled-release serratiopeptidase-loaded PLGA microspheres demonstrating maximum entrapment were successfully prepared by an experimental design methodology with a minimum number of runs, representing an economical approach.
Experimental Assessment of Endoscopic Mucosectomy with a Cap-Fitted Panendoscope
Authors: S. Sadahiro, H. Ishida, N. Tokunaga, M. Mukai, T. Tajima, H. Makuuchi, M. Miyagawa
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

The use of a cap-fitted panendoscope is one method of carrying out endoscopic mucosectomy in the esophagus, stomach, and large intestine. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal volume of physiological saline for submucosal injection, the rate of mucosal extension after saline injection, the initial size of the resected mucosal specimen, and the most appropriate heights for the fitted caps used in the colon and in the rectum, respectively.Endoscopic mucosectomies using cap-fitted panendoscopes were carried out on resected surgical specimens from ten patients with colorectal cancer.It was necessary to inject 12 ml of saline under the mucosa to prevent perforation. Submucosal saline injection extended the mucosa by 1.4 +/- 0.2 times. A cap with a height of 7 mm is suitable for performing mucosectomy in the colon safely, while both 7 mm and 10 mm caps can be used in the rectum. The initial size of the resected mucosal specimens obtained with both caps was 12-20 mm (mean 14 mm) in diameter, with no significant differences. As the sizes of resected mucosal specimens reported in the past have been obtained after submucosal saline injection, it appears that larger specimens can be resected with the cap-fitted panendoscope than with conventional methods.The conditions under which endoscopic mucosectomy using the cap-fitted panendoscope can be performed safely in the colon and the rectum were suggested by this experimental study using resected specimens. A saline injection of 12 ml under the mucosa is necessary to prevent perforation. A cap with a height of 7 mm is the most suitable size for the colon, while both 7 mm and 10 mm caps can be used in the rectum.
Abstract 3864: Blocking hypoxia-induced tumor cell migration by p16/INK4A.
Authors: Yi Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract One general characteristic of fast-growing solid tumors including breast cancer is the development of intratumoral hypoxia. The activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) by intratumoral hypoxia stimulates a group of downstream genes including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that are responsible for tumor malignant progression. Loss of p16 expression occurs in many cancers including breast cancer. Our studies showed that, by ectopic expression via adenoviral-mediated gene transfer, p16 downregulates VEGF gene expression by neutralizing the transactivation of HIF-1α, and suppresses breast cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. To investigate whether p16 directly affects one or more aspects of the metastatic cascade, MDA-MB-231 cells infected with lentivirus expressing Tet-on inducible p16 were used to study the p16 effects on growth, adhesion and migration of the breast cancer cells. We found that p16 inhibits MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation (45.6% inhibition) and hypoxia-induced cell migration (36% inhibition), but has no apparent effect on cell adhesion. The p16-mediated inhibition of hypoxia-induced cell migration parallels with p16’s inhibition of HIF-1α transactivation activity. These results indicate that p16’s ability to suppress breast tumor metastasis may result from a combined p16-mediated actions including inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. This study suggests that p16 gene therapy may have clinical potentials to treat breast cancer due to p16’s multiple-level anti-cancer capabilities: inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, blocking tumor angiogenesis, inhibiting cell migration and suppressing metastasis. Citation Format: Yi Lu. Blocking hypoxia-induced tumor cell migration by p16/INK4A. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3864. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3864
Induction of ornithine decarboxylase in psoriatic skin
Authors: Martine Bouclier, B. Shroot, J.P. Ortonne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Induction of ornithine decarboxylase in psoriatic skin Get access Martine Bouclier, Martine Bouclier CIRD Galderma, Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Shroot, B. Shroot CIRD Galderma, Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.P. Ortonne J.P. Ortonne CIRD Galderma, Sophia Antipolis, 06565 Valbonne, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue 3, 1 September 1991, Page 292, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb14760.x Published: 01 September 1991
Severe Nonuremic Calciphylaxis Due to Hyperphosphatemia Resolving With Multimodality Treatment Including Phosphate Binders
Authors: Karolyn A. Wanat, Campbell L. Stewart, Dan Negoianu, Misha Rosenbach
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

as extramammary Paget disease. 6 We propose that if administration of recommended antibiotics for an adequate duration proves ineffective, the preoperative mapping biopsy procedure might be used to determine the extent of surgical excision in Buruli ulcer and to avoid unnecessary resection if pathologic services are available.
Persistence of proinflammatory response after severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in children
Authors: Jesus F. Bermejo-Martin, M. Carmen Garcia-Arevalo, Ana Alonso, Raul O. De Lejarazu, Maria Pino, Salvador Resino, Alberto Tenorio, David Bernardo, Alberto J. Leon, Jose A. Garrote, Julio Ardura, Marta Dominguez-Gil, Jose M. Eiros, Alfredo Blanco-Quiros, M. Angeles Munoz-Fernandez, David J. Kelvin, Eduardo Arranz
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
SOME PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES DURING HYPERPYREXIA INDUCED BY PHYSICAL MEANS
Authors: WILLIAM BIERMAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Forty-six years ago Dr. William H. Welch wrote: Enlightened physicians have held the opinion that fever is a process which aids in the elimination or destruction of injurious substances which gain access to the body. The doctrine of evolution indicates that a process which characterizes the reaction of all warm blooded animals against the invasion of harmful substances has not been developed to so wide an extent and is not retained with such pertinacity without subserving some useful purpose. 1 Recent advances in the application of fever as a therapeutic agent have tended to substantiate the correctness of these ideas.  The treatment of a large series of cases by substantial elevation of body temperature within a short period of time offered us a unique opportunity for the study of the physiologic changes in the body induced in response to high temperatures. These observations are of practical value, as they permit
A little understanding
Authors: Rubeta Matin
Journal: BMJ (2005)

When I was a house officer I was bleeped to a ward to watch a man pass the last few moments of his life. He was “not for resuscitation,” but I was called because his relatives were so distressed. On arrival, I remember feeling overwhelmed and helpless. I became rather angry at the nursing staff for the inappropriate call. Afterwards I told my colleagues about how it really wasn't my job to be there for the relatives. “What could I possibly have offered?” I naively said. It was the combination of avoiding a difficult and awkward situation and plain stupidity that led me to …
Perinatal Nephron Programming Is not So Sweet in Maternal Diabetes
Authors: Dale R. Abrahamson, Brooke M. Steenhard
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Development of the permanent, metanephric kidney begins at approximately embryonic day 11 (E11) in mice, E12 in rats, and during the fourth through fifth gestational weeks in humans. During these stages, the ureteric bud projects from the mesonephric duct and enters the metanephric anlage, whereupon
Source of contamination in haemodialysis equipment.
Authors: R Y Cartwright, B L Radford
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Coombs test negative.There was a gross deficiency of erythrocyte G-6-PD.The patitnt was transferred to another job.After a month the blood findings had returned practically to normal; the urine contained no urobilin; and the serum bilirubin was 0-5 mg/100 ml.We believe that the acute haemolytic crisis in this patient was due to nalidixic acid.The patient had not eaten broad beans nor taken any haemolysing drugs, nor had he come into contact with any other haemolysing substances in his work.We record this case to draw attention to the importance of G-6-PD-screening in subjects who are occupationally exposed to nalidixic acid or other haemolysing drugs.-Weare, etc.,
Screening and Prevention Methods for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mark Schiffman
Journal: JAMA (2009)

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Allergic Responses Induced by Grass Pollen in an Environmental Challenge Chamber (ECC) Reflect Changes During Seasonal High Pollen Counts in Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Authors: N. Krug, T. Holland-Letz, E. Wierenga, R. van Ree, A. Hüsing, M. Larbig, J.M. Hohlfeld, A. Bufe
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)