tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nifedipine-Alcohol Interaction
Authors: S. Qureshi
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  We wish to report an interaction of oral nifedipine with acute alcohol ingestion.  Study—  Ten healthy, male volunteers were recruited, prescreened, and the study completed according to Canadian Medical Research Council guidelines for clinical studies. Following an overnight fast volunteers were randomized in a cross-over design to receive either a single 20-mg dose of nifedipine (two 10-mg capsules) administered with 150 mL of orange juice or nifedipine with a mixture of 75 mL of orange juice and 75 mL of 94% ethanol (0.8 g/kg). 1 Over a 16hour time period, following both regimens, pulse rate and blood pressure were monitored along with plasma nifedipine profiles, measured by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. The area under the plasma concentration-time profile of nifedipine was increased by 54% ( P
Appropriate Use and Clinical Impact of Transthoracic Echocardiography
Authors: Susan A. Matulevicius, Anand Rohatgi, Sandeep R. Das, Angela L. Price, Andres deLuna, Sharon C. Reimold
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) accounts for almost half of all cardiac imaging services and is a widely available and versatile tool. Appropriate use criteria (AUC) for echocardiography were developed to improve patient care and health outcomes. Prior studies have shown that most TTEs are appropriate by AUC. However, the associations among TTE, AUC, and their clinical impact have not been well explored.To describe the proportion of TTEs that affect clinical care in an academic medical center overall and in subgroups defined as appropriate and inappropriate by AUC.Retrospective review of medical records from 535 consecutive TTEs at an academic medical center was performed. The TTEs were classified according to 2011 AUC by 2 cardiologists blinded to clinical impact and were assessed for clinical impact by 2 cardiologists blinded to AUC. Clinical impact was assigned to 1 of the following 3 categories: (1) active change in care, (2) continuation of current care, or (3) no change in care.Five hundred thirty-five patients undergoing TTE.Transthoracic echocardiography. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Prevalence of appropriate, inappropriate, and uncertain TTEs and prevalence of clinical impact subcategories.Overall, 31.8% of TTEs resulted in an active change in care; 46.9%, continuation of current care; and 21.3%, no change in care. By 2011 AUC, 91.8% of TTEs were appropriate; 4.3%, inappropriate; and 3.9%, uncertain. We detected no statistically significant difference between appropriate and inappropriate TTEs in the proportion of TTEs that led to active change in care (32.2% vs 21.7%; P= .29).Although 9 in 10 TTEs were appropriate by 2011 AUC, fewer than 1 in 3 TTEs resulted in an active change in care, nearly half resulted in continuation of current care, and slightly more than 1 in 5 resulted in no change in care. The low rate of active change in care (31.8%) among TTEs mostly classified as appropriate (91.8%) highlights the need for a better method to optimize TTE utilization to use limited health care resources efficiently while providing high-quality care.
Mutation Linked to Epilepsy
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GONORRHEAL INFECTION OF BONE
Authors: H. E. Bardenwerper
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Gonorrheal infection of bone, particularly in the female, is of sufficient rarity to warrant consideration. Medical textbooks speak of gonorrheal arthritis, periarthritis and tenosynovitis but scarcely mention gonorrheal osteomyelitis or periostitis. Stark<sup>1</sup>gave a comprehensive review of the subject in 1913, with a bibliography of the literature up to that time. The case reported here occurred in a young unmarried woman, aged 20, who, when seen, Jan. 2, 1924, stated that she had noticed symptoms of a genital infection for a week. She complained of rheumatic pains in the shoulders and hips. Examination revealed gonorrheal cervicitis and bartholinitis. The Wassermann reaction was negative throughout the course of treatment. Local treatment and gonorrheal vaccine injections were instituted. After five days a periostitis of the left seventh and eighth ribs posteriorly developed. Four days later there was pain in both wrists and extensor tendons of the fingers. Three days later there was
Sequential delivery of immunomodulatory cytokines to facilitate the M1-to-M2 transition of macrophages and enhance vascularization of bone scaffolds
Authors: Kara L. Spiller, Sina Nassiri, Claire E. Witherel, Rachel R. Anfang, Johnathan Ng, Kenneth R. Nakazawa, Tony Yu, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
New Focus on Research Participant Protection
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXSECTION OF BOTH HIP JOINTS FOR MORBUS COXARIUS.
Authors: WILLIAM A. BYRD
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read before the Surgical Section of the Am. Med. Association, June, 1883.) Ever since the first suggestion of the removal of the head of the femur by Mr. Charles White, in 1769, for morbus coxarius, and the execution of it first by Schmalz, in 1816, as stated by Dr. Sayre, Anthony White, in 1822, as claimed by Barwell, there has been great diversity of opinion among surgeons in regard to the propriety of this operation, a few favoring, and many, condemning it as being entirely useless, claiming that even when it succeeded in saving the life of the patient, it left a miserably deformed being unable to walk without the aid of crutch or cane, and the chances of cure were no greater than if the patient was allowed to depend upon the slow process of spontaneous exfoliation of the diseased bone, a process which was rarely accomplished before the
Two different point G to A mutations in exon 10 of the porphobilinogen deaminase gene are responsible for acute intermittent porphyria.
Authors: M H Delfau, C Picat, F W de Rooij, K Hamer, M Bogard, J H Wilson, J C Deybach, Y Nordmann, B Grandchamp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Two mutations of the porphobilinogen (PBG) deaminase gene resulting in cross-reacting immunological material (CRIM) positive forms of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) have been identified by in vitro amplification of cDNA and cloning of the amplified products in a bacterial expression vector. Both mutations resulted from G to A transitions in exon 10 of the gene and produced arginine to glutamine substitutions in the abnormal protein. Expression of mutant cDNA in Escherichia coli reveals that one but not the other of these amino acid changes results in a striking decrease of the optimal pH of the mutated enzyme. One or the other of these two mutations accounted for the defect causing AIP in six unrelated patients among the eight patients evaluated with the CRIM positive subtype of this disorder.
Use of bisphosphonates was not associated with increased risk for esophageal or gastric cancer
Authors: Lionel S. Lim
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club21 December 2010Use of bisphosphonates was not associated with increased risk for esophageal or gastric cancerLionel S. Lim, MD, MPH, FACP, FACPMLionel S. Lim, MD, MPH, FACP, FACPMGriffin Hospital, Derby, Connecticut, USA (L.S.L.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-12-201012210-02012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCardwell CR, Abnet CC, Cantwell MM, Murray LJ. Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of esophageal cancer. JAMA. 2010;304:657-63. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20699457Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Geriatrics: Oncology: Rheumatology: References1 MacLean C, Newberry S, Maglione M, et al. Systematic review: comparative effectiveness of treatments to prevent fractures in men and women with low bone density or osteoporosis. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:197-213. [PMID: 18087050] Google Scholar2 Qato DM, Alexander GC, Conti RM, et al. Use of prescription and over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements among older adults in the United States. JAMA. 2008;300:2867-78. [PMID: 19109115] Google Scholar3 Anastasilakis AD, Goulis DG, Kita M, Avramidis A. Oral bisphosphonate adverse effects in 849 patients with metabolic bone diseases. Hormones (Athens). 2007;6:233-41. [PMID: 17724008] Google Scholar4 Green J, Czanner G, Reeves G, et al. Oral bisphosphonates and risk of cancer of oesophagus, stomach, and colorectum: case–control analysis within a UK primary care cohort. BMJ. 2010;341:c4444. [PMID: 20813820] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Griffin Hospital, Derby, Connecticut, USA (L.S.L.)This article was published at Annals.org on 7 December 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 December 2010Volume 153, Issue 12Page: JC6-12KeywordsDatabasesDrug therapyElderlyGastric cancerHormonesOsteoporosisPrimary careRheumatology ePublished: 21 December 2010 Issue Published: 21 December 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Patchy Uptake of Gallium in the Lungs of AIDS Patients with Atypical Mycobacterial Infection
Authors: Joseph J. Skarzynski, William Sherman, Hee Kyung Lee, Herbert Berger
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

gallium scans of seven AIDS patients who cultured tive for atypical mycobacterium were reviewed. Six ired positive for Mycobacterium avium intracellu while one for Mycobacterium xenopi. A patchy uppattern of gallium in the lungs of these patients identified.
Increasing Physical Activity in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Alison Kirk, Nanette Mutrie, Paul MacIntyre, Miles Fisher
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To evaluate effect of exercise consultation on physical activity and resultant physiological and biochemical variables at 6 months in people with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 70 inactive people with type 2 diabetes were given standard exercise information and were randomized to receive an exercise consultation (n = 35) or not (n = 35). Exercise consultation, based on the transtheoretical model, combines motivational theory and cognitive behavioral strategies into an individualized intervention to promote physical activity. Changes from baseline to 6 months were assessed in 1) physical activity (7-day recall, accelerometer, cardiorespiratory fitness, stage, and processes of change), 2) physiological variables (blood pressure and BMI), and 3) biochemical variables (HbA1c, lipid profile, and fibrinogen). RESULTS—Between-group differences were recorded for the change in minutes of moderate activity (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and activity counts (P &amp;lt; 0.001) per week. Experimental participants recorded an increase in activity counts per week and minutes of moderate activity per week (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The control group recorded no significant changes. More experimental participants increased stage of change (χ2 = 22.6, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Between-group differences were recorded for the change in total exercise duration and peak gradient (P &amp;lt; 0.005), HbA1c (P = 0.02), systolic BP (P = 0.02), and fibrinogen (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS—Exercise consultation increased physical activity and improved glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes.
PLUGGING WITH SOFT TISSUE TO ARREST HEMORRHAGE FROM BONE.
Authors: GEORGE TULLY VAUGHAN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Hemorrhage from the cut or broken edges of bone is often a great annoyance, if not a serious condition, during surgical operations—amputations, resection and curettage—on the skull or other bones, especially when the bone is congested. The control of such hemorrhage is sometimes a difficult matter, as one can not ligate the bleeding vessels and pressure often fails. Mashing or crushing the edges of the bone is objectionable, if not impossible, and often fails to accomplish the desired result. I have never been able to use with any satisfaction Horsley's antiseptic wax because it will not stick to a wet bone—one that is bleeding—and it is not needed on any other kind. For four or five years I have been using the soft tissues—muscle or fascia—rubbed into the cut or broken surface of the bone. A fragment, preferably of muscle, is cut off wherever most convenient in the field of
Agonist-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat thoracic aorta may be mediated through cGMP.
Authors: R M Rapoport, F Murad
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The present study investigates the hypothesis that endothelium-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle may be mediated through the formation of cGMP. Relaxation of the rat thoracic aorta to acetylcholine, histamine, and Ca++ ionophore A23187 was associated with increased levels of cGMP in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, whereas cAMP levels were unaltered. Removal of the endothelium prevented relaxation to these agents and prevented the increased levels of cGMP. Removal of the endothelium after exposure to acetylcholine only partially decreased the elevated levels of cGMP, suggesting that the changes in cGMP occurred within the smooth muscle cells. Eicosatetraynoic acid, an inhibitor of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase, and quinacrine, an inhibitor of phospholipase, prevented and reversed acetylcholine-induced relaxation, respectively, and inhibited acetylcholine-induced increased levels of cGMP. In contrast, sodium nitroprusside-induced relaxation and increased levels of cGMP were independent of the presence of the endothelium, exposure to eicosatetraynoic acid, and quinacrine. The present results support the hypothesis that vascular smooth muscle relaxation induced by some agents is dependent on the presence of the endothelium and is mediated through the formation of an endothelial factor that increases cGMP levels in smooth muscle.
Small Airways in COPD
Authors: Peter J. Barnes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major and growing global health problem. It ranked as the sixth most common cause of death worldwide in 1990, and the Global Burden of Disease Study predicted that it would become the third most common cause by 2020.1 COPD has already risen to fourth place and is the only common cause of death in the United States whose prevalence has increased over the past 20 years. Even more important, it is an increasingly common cause of chronic disability and is predicted to become the fifth most common cause of disability in the world . . .
Risk of ovulation during lactation
Authors: R.H. Gray, O.M. Campbell, R. Apelo, S.S. Eslami, H. Zacur, R.M. Ramos, J.C. Gehret, M.H. Labbok
Journal: The Lancet (1990)

60 breastfeeding mothers in Baltimore and 41 in Manila recorded their infant feeding patterns daily, and gave additional information at weekly interviews. Ovarian activity was monitored by assays for hormone metabolites in daily urine samples. On average, women in Baltimore breastfed less often but for longer at each feed than women in Manila, and the mean times until ovulation were 27 and 38 weeks post partum. 41% of first ovulations had luteal phase defects. Anovular first menses were common (45.1%) during the first 6 months post partum but the rate fell greatly thereafter. The risk of ovulation was reduced by a higher frequency of breastfeeds, longer duration of each feed, and less supplementary feeding. During the first 6 months post partum, amenorrhoeic women had low risks of ovulation (below 10%) with partial breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding reduced the risk to 1-5% with either frequent short feeds or infrequent longer feeds. However, if the woman started menstruating before 6 months post partum, or if she continued breastfeeding beyond 6 months, the risk of ovulation rose, and contraception would be needed.The factors predicting the return of ovulation during lactation were investigated in 60 breast feeding mothers from Baltimore, Maryland, and 41 mothers from Manila, the Philippines. The women in Manila breast fed more frequently (11.0 mean daily feeds) than those in Baltimore (5.8 feeds) throughout the first postpartum year. However, during the first 6 months, the average length of an individual breast feed was longer among US women. Although both groups gave few supplementary feeds during the first 20 weeks after delivery, more non-bottle feeds were given thereafter in Manila. Use of bottle feeds was similar in both groups. Women who first ovulated before 6 months gave significantly fewer mean daily breast feeds during this period (8.5) than those who first ovulated after this point (10.7). Women who first ovulated before 6 months also had a lower percentage breast feeds of total feeds (84.2%) than women who first ovulated later (88.2%). The mean duration of amenorrhea was 25.3 weeks in Baltimore and 31.7 weeks in Manila; the average times before first ovulation were 27.0 weeks and 38.0 weeks, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that the length of suckling per feed, the daily number of breast feeds, and the proportion of breast feeds were all significantly and independently associated with a low risk of ovulation. Up to 6 months postpartum, exclusive breast feeding reduced the risk of ovulation by 98-99% during amenorrhea and by 94-97% after anovular menstruation. Only amenorrheic women practicing exclusive breast feeding during the first 6 postpartum months can achieve a pregnancy rate below 2%. These findings suggest that contraceptive use is indicated among women who resume menstruating before 6 postpartum months or continue breast feeding beyond 6 months.
Protection From Environmental Tobacco Smoke in California
Authors: Ron Borland
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the extent of exposure of nonsmoking indoor workers to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) according to type of work-site smoking policy, work area, workplace size, and demographic characteristics. <h3>Design and Participants.</h3> —Participants included 7162 adult, nonsmoking, indoor workers who were interviewed as part of the 1990 California Tobacco Survey. Respondents were asked whether anyone had smoked in their work area within the past 2 weeks. <h3>Results.</h3> —An estimated 2.2 million California nonsmokers were exposed to tobacco smoke at indoor work sites in 1990. Nonsmoker exposure to ETS was 9.3% for those working in a smoke-free worksite, 23.2% for those working where there was only a work-area restriction, 46.7% for those working where there was a policy that did not include the work area, and 51.4% for those working where there was no work-site smoking policy. After adjustment for type of work area (eg, office, open area), workplace size, and demographic factors, it was determined that nonsmokers working where there was only a work-area ban were 2.8 times more likely to be exposed to ETS than those working in a smoke-free work site. In workplaces with no policy or a policy not covering the work area, nonsmokers were over eight times more likely to be exposed to ETS than those who worked in a smoke-free work site. Nonsmokers who were 18 to 24 years of age, male, or Hispanic, and those with less than a high school education had more exposure to ETS. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —These results indicate that adequate protection of nonsmokers from ETS exposure requires a smoke-free work site. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:749-752)
COMPARISON OF 201-Tl PLANAR IMAGES OF MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION WITH SINGLE PHOTON TRANSAXIAL TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES
Authors: S A Cook, R T Go, W J MacIntyre, C Napoli, G Rincon, D Moodie, D Underwood
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Cook, S A; Go, R T; MacIntyre, W J; Napoli, C; Rincon, G; Moodie, D; Underwood, D Author Information
A mutation in FBN1 disrupts profibrillin processing and results in isolated skeletal features of the Marfan syndrome.
Authors: D M Milewicz, J Grossfield, S N Cao, C Kielty, W Covitz, T Jewett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Dermal fibroblasts from a 13-yr-old boy with isolated skeletal features of the Marfan syndrome were used to study fibrillin synthesis and processing. Only one half of the secreted profibrillin was proteolytically processed to fibrillin outside the cell and deposited into the extracellular matrix. Electron microscopic examination of rotary shadowed microfibrils made by the proband's fibroblasts were indistinguishable from control cells. Sequencing of the FBN1 gene revealed a heterozygous C to T transition at nucleotide 8176 resulting in the substitution of a tryptophan for an arginine (R2726W), at a site immediately adjacent to a consensus sequence recognized by a cellular protease. Six other individuals in the proband's family had the FBN1 mutation that segregated with tall stature. None of the affected individuals have cardiac or ocular manifestations of the Marfan syndrome. This mutation identifies a putative site for profibrillin to fibrillin processing, and is associated with isolated skeletal features of the Marfan syndrome, indicating that the FBN1 gene is one of the genes that determines height in the general population. The cellular effect of the mutation may be equivalent to a "null" FBN1 allele and may define the phenotype associated with FBN1 "null" alleles.