tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hearing and Deafness
Authors: Samuel Pearlman
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This text, at its first appearance over 11 years ago, was addressed to the intelligent layman interested in his own disability or that of others. It was, however, more than a mere layman's guide. In its present revised form, it has assumed an increased excellence and authority. By adequate discussions, its 15 contributors have succeeded in making this text into an important aid, especially for the otologist and audiologist in training. They have also provided a badly needed guide for physicians, psychologists, teachers of the deaf, and social workers as well as laymen.
The Role of ln-111 Leukocyte Scanning in Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Authors: MARY A. JOHNSON, JOHN WELLS, ARTHUR FRANKEL, MICHAEL L. GORIS, I ROSS McDOUGALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

This authoritative journal provides up-to-date information on nuclear medicine that can be readily applied to clinical situations. Written for both generalists and specialists in nuclear medicine, Clinical Nuclear Medicine ensures timely dissemination of data on current developments that affect all aspects of the specialty. The most practice-oriented journal in the field of nuclear imaging, its numerous illustrations show physicians how to apply vital information immediately in their everyday practice.
901 A LINK BETWEEN FREE FATTY ACIDS, FATTY ACID TRANSPORT PROTEINS AND APOPTOSIS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF NASH
Authors: L.P. Bechmann, N. Wiesemann, M. Schlensak, I. Wedemeier, M. Odenthal, J. Erhard, H.P. Dienes, G. Gerken, A. Canbay
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Type A Behaviour Pattern and Glycaemic Control in Type I Diabetes
Authors: Tom Sensky, Richard Petty
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

People who exhibit the type A behaviour pattern have different approaches to problems compared with their non-type A counterparts. On the basis of published work on such differences, a number of predictions were tested in 85 outpatients with type I diabetes. Contrary to expectations, no differences were observed in glycaemic control between type A and non-type A diabetics of either sex. However, dividing type A diabetics according to their health locus of control beliefs yielded significantly different groups in terms of glycaemic control.
Erythema multiforme due to pyrazinamide
Authors: D. Perdu, F. Lavaud, A. Prévost, F. Deschamps, M.‐P. Cambie, E. Bongrain, K. Barhoum, B. Kalis
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Drug‐induced erythema multiforme is reported with many antimicrobial and antipyretic medications. We present one patient who experienced erythema multiforme and urticaria after administration of pyrazinamide for treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis. The side‐effects of pyrazinamide include hepatic or dermatologic disorders, but erythema multiforme has not yet, to our knowledge, been described. Clinical features and discontinuation and reintroduction of the drug led us to consider pyrazinamide the cause of the erythema multiforme, but allergologic studies remained negative, except for the presence of circulating immune complexes. The mechanism of this eruption remains obscure. and definite withdrawal of pyrazinamide seems to be the best therapeutic choice.
Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Obesity as Effect Modifiers of Ethnic Disparities of the Progression to Diabetes
Authors: Carlos Lorenzo, Roger Lee, Steven M. Haffner
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

OBJECTIVE The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) reported no racial/ethnic differences in the incidence of diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Therefore, it has been hypothesized that factors associated with racial/ethnic disparities act prior to the development of IGT. Because impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and obesity were also very prevalent in the DPP, we examined IGT, IFG, and obesity as effect modifiers of ethnic disparities in the San Antonio Heart Study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were 3,015 Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites aged 25–64 years. The median follow-up period was 7.8 years. IGT, IFG, and diabetes were defined by the 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria, and obesity was defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2. RESULTS Mexican Americans had an excess risk of incident IGT (odds ratio 1.48 [95% CI 1.16–1.89]) and incident IFG (1.71 [1.31–2.23]) compared with non-Hispanic whites. Mexican Americans also had a higher incidence of diabetes among individuals who had normal 2-h glucose (2.20 [1.48–3.29]) and IGT (1.72 [1.08–2.74]) at baseline. There was an interaction of obesity on the relationship between ethnicity and progression to IGT or diabetes (P = 0.034), with Mexican Americans having a greater risk among the nonobese (1.73 [1.36–2.21]) and a comparable risk among the obese (1.08 [0.75–1.56]). CONCLUSIONS Ethnic differences can be detected at both the early and later stages of the diabetes disease process. However, non-Hispanic whites lose much of the ethnic advantage once they have developed obesity.
Biological monitoring of workers exposed to emissions from petroleum plants.
Authors: D Anderson, J A Hughes, A Cebulska-Wasilewska, A Wierzewska, E Kasper
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

This paper presents some of the results from the Commission of the European Communities collaborative research program (contract number EV5V-CT92-0221), whose aim is to investigate the relationship between exposure to petroleum emissions, benzene, and induction of genetic damage in human cells. Twenty-four workers from petroleum plants in Poland and 35 unexposed controls were examined for cytogenetic effects and ras oncoprotein levels and their relationship to confounding factors (e.g., smoking habit, sex family cancer history, and seasonal influence). Preliminary data of chromosome aberrations (CA) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) showed differences among sampling subgroups. In this present study, the levels of ras p21 proteins were determined and further analyses of CA, SCE, high frequency cells (HFC), and proliferative rate index (PRI) have been undertaken. Results show that the exposed group has statistically significant increases in CA, and percent of aberrant cells. There were no differences between exposed and unexposed groups in SCE, HFC, PRI, or the levels of ras p21 proteins. Smoking was found to statistically significantly affect levels of CA, percent of aberrant cells, SCE, HFC, and ras proteins. Sister chromatid exchanges were also statistically significantly sex dependent (7.5 breaks/cells for females and 6.8 breaks/cell for males). There were no statistically significant differences for CA, percent aberrant cells, SCE, HFC, or ras p21 protein levels in subgroups characterized according to cancer cases reported in the immediate family. A seasonal variability was shown with statistically significant increases in various biomarkers in the winter. Unexposed groups also showed increases due to smoking and season. The nonsmoking group individuals also showed statistically significant increases in cytogenetic damage with exposure.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection modified the natural history of chronic parenterally-acquired hepatitis C with an unusually rapid progression to cirrhosis
Authors: Basilio Soto, Armandó Sánchez-Quijano, Luis Rodrigo, Juan Angel del Olmo, Manuel García-Bengoechea, Jos'e Hernández-Quero, Concepción Rey, María Antonia Abad, Manuel Rodríguez, María Sales Gilabert, Francisco González, P. Mirón, Antonio Caruz, Federico Relimpio, Rafael Torronteras, Manuel Leal, Eduardo Lissen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Augmentation Phalloplasty Surgery for Penile Dysmorphophobia in Young Adults: Considerations Regarding Patient Selection, Outcome Evaluation and Techniques Applied
Authors: Evangelos Spyropoulos, Charalambos Christoforidis, Dimitrios Borousas, Stamatios Mavrikos, Michael Bourounis, Sotirios Athanasiadis
Journal: European Urology (2005)
Hallucinations From Levodopa
Authors: Gordon J. Gilbert
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In his discussion (233:1198, 1975) of the behavioral side effects of levodopa, Dr Flemenbaum notes that hallucinations may result from levodopa therapy. What has not been emphasized in the literature is how stereotyped these hallucinations are. Entirely visual, as is characteristic of the organic hallucination, they occur in the parkinsonian patient not only as a consequence of levodopa administration, but also as a manifestation of anticholinergic medications, such as trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Artane), benztropine (Cogentin) mesylate, and procyclidine hydrochloride (Kemadrin). The visual hallucinations that occur with the use of anticholinergic medication seem identical to those evoked by levodopa, and the same series of hallucinations in a single patient may be produced by either. It has been my experience that if the patient is receiving both levodopa and an anticholinergic drug, discontinuation of anticholinergic therapy will generally result in alleviation of the hallucinations. But most peculiarly of all, the characteristic
A NOVEL METHOD FOR THE USE OF DRY HEAT IN THE MIDDLE EAR DISEASE, OTALGIA, ETC.
Authors: E. LARUE VANSANT
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The local use of dry heat has long been justly regarded as a valuable therapeutic agent in treating inflammations of the ear, otalgia, etc.; these applications in the form of hot salt and bran bags, or hot water bottles, however, are usually only made to the external ear, the actual amount of heat, therefore, coming in contact with the external auditory canal and membrana tympani is necessarily slight. It has often occurred to me, while treating various forms of ear diseases, that the direct application of heated dry air to the drumhead and middle ear would be desirable, provided we had an apparatus whereby the degree of heat could be regulated, and by the aid of which it could be readily obtained and applied. I have now such an apparatus, having found it to answer the desired purpose. It is a modification of an instrument which was first devised for
Prolongation of Corneal Allograft Survival with Liposome-encapsulated Cyclosporine in the Rat Eye
Authors: Jessica K. Milani, Uwe Pleyer, Andres Dukes, H. Joseph Chou, Sabine Lutz, Dieter Rückert, Karl-Heinz Schmidt, Bartly J. Mondino
Journal: Ophthalmology (1993)
Opinions of general practioners in Nottinghamshire about provision of intrapartum care
Authors: D J Brown
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine the beliefs of general practioners concerning intrapartum care. <b>Design</b>: Postal questionnaire survey. <b>Subjects</b>: All general practioners with patients in Nottinghamshire Family Health Services Authority in September 1993. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: General practioners9 current involvement in maternity care, and beliefs on intrapartum care. <b>Results</b>: Of 694 general practioners sent questionnaires, 550 (79.2%) replied. 529 of these were on20the obstetric list; 437 had not attended a delivery in the past 12 months; 36 had attended two or more; 358 general practioners did not wish to provide more intrapartum care; 349 did not feel competent to do so. Reasons for not wanting to provide intrapartum care included current workload (453), disruption to personal life (407), and the fear of litigation (377). General practioners who already booked women for home delivery were more likely to20wish to do more deliveries (62/42 v 61/316, X<sup>2</sup>=85.3; P&lt;0.0001) and to have more positive attitudes towards increasing women9s choice in maternity care (90/22 v 195/151, X<sup>2</sup>=227; P&lt;0.0001). <b>Conclusions</b>: The involvement of general practioners20in intrapartum care in Nottinghamshire is20low, and most general practioners are unwilling to increase their role. However, general practioners who already book for home delivery are keen to do more.
NEW YORK NEUROLOGICAL SOCIETY
Authors: Smith Ely Jelliffe
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Topical Polyphenon<sup>®</sup>E in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: E. Stockfleth, H. Beti, R. Orasan, F. Grigorian, A. Mescheder, H. Tawfik, C. Thielert
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Benign external genital and perianal warts (condylomata acuminata) are disfiguring, displeasing skin tumours caused by human papillomavirus that may vitally burden affected patients and their partners. Current treatment options are still unsatisfactory due to low efficacy, high recurrence rates or an unfavourable side-effect profile. Although most recently prophylactic vaccines have been recommended for adolescent women, appropriate treatment modalities for anogenital warts are still needed. Green tea catechins exert antiviral, antioxidative, antiproliferative and immunostimulatory activity. Polyphenon E (MediGene AG, Munich, Germany), a proprietary extract of green tea leaves, was therefore investigated for the topical treatment of this frequent viral disease.To investigate Polyphenon E 15% and 10% ointment for efficacy and safety in the treatment of anogenital warts in immunocompetent men and women.Five hundred and three patients were randomized to receive either Polyphenon E 15% or 10% ointment or matching vehicle. The topical treatment was self-applied by the patients three times daily to all warts. Assessment of response and of adverse events was performed biweekly until complete clearance of all (baseline and new) anogenital warts or for up to 16 weeks. Recurrence was evaluated during a 12-week treatment-free follow-up period for patients with complete clearance.About 53% of patients treated with Polyphenon E 15% ointment showed complete clearance of all baseline and new anogenital warts, 51% for Polyphenon E 10% ointment, and 37% for vehicle (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively; two-sided Fisher's exact test; intent-to-treat population, last observation carried forward analysis). Women responded better than men, with about 60% of women and 45% of men in both active groups achieving complete clearance of all warts. Time to complete clearance was comparable for both strengths of Polyphenon E ointment. About 78% of all patients treated with either Polyphenon E 15% or 10% ointment showed wart clearance rates of 50% or better. Less than 6% and 4% of patients in the Polyphenon E 15% and 10% ointment groups experienced wart recurrence during follow-up. Polyphenon E ointments demonstrated a good safety profile with the majority of all adverse events being local application site reactions assessed as mild or moderate. Local reactions declined during continued treatment.The results indicate that Polyphenon E ointment is an efficacious and safe patient-applied topical treatment for external genital and perianal warts. Its use in intra-anal, intravaginal and cervical condylomas and other intraepithelial lesions warrants further clinical investigation.
Abstract 3762: The role of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzymes in cancer cell proliferation, migration and drug resistance.
Authors: Jan S. Moreb, Mahmoud Mona, Lung-Ji Chang, Yu-Ling Yeh, John Amory, Alex Goldstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) proteins are a superfamily of 19 human genes that play crucial role in epithelial cell homeostatsis. Several of these enzymes have been studied in cancer and were shown to protect cells against cytotoxic drugs and oxidative stress in addition to the promotion of cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Our study focuses on 5 less studied isoenzymes (ALDH1B1, ALDH3B1, ALDH4A1, ALDH5A1, and ALDH7A1) using lentiviral mediated overexpression of the enzymes in H1299 lung cancer cell line which is previously known to have negligible amount of ALDH activity. H1299 wild type cells (WT) and cells expressing GFP or RFP were used as controls. Expression of the proteins was confirmed by Western blots and ALDH enzymatic activity assay. We used cell culture, colorimetric MTT assay, wound healing assay, aldefluor assay, colony-forming assay, and in vitro treatment with doxorubicin (Doxo) and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphaimde (4-HC). All the proteins were highly expressed and resulted in increased ALDH activity detected by using propionaldehyde or benzaldehyde as substrates with NAD+ as a co-factor. The activity of ALDH4A1, 5A1 and 7A1 was not detected by aldefluor flow cytometry assay. Cells expressing ALDH1B1, ALDH4A1 or ALDH7A1 had delayed wound healing at 6 hr, while overall cell proliferation was depressed for ALDH1B1, ALDH3B1 and ALDH5A1 and normal for the other isoenzymes. Cells overexpressing ALDH4A1 or ALDH7A1 showed higher clonal efficiency as well. Only ALDH1B1 and ALDH7A1 showed significant protection against the toxicity of 4-HC (10 μM for 72 hrs) as measured by MTT assay with an increase in average cell survival of 52 and 23%, respectively. Cells overexpressing ALDH5A1 showed significantly increased sensitivity to Doxo (1 and 10 μM for 72 hrs). There was a trend for ALDH7A1 to be protective against Doxo toxicity but did not reach statistical significance. In conclusion, the overexpression of ALDH isoenzymes in this manner may contribute to better understanding of their role in cancer biology and may lead to new cancer treatment approaches that incorporate specific inhibition or stimulation of these enzymes. This is an important goal especially in view of the high ALDH activity in cancer stem cells and their potential contribution to cancer recurrence. Citation Format: Jan S. Moreb, Mahmoud Mona, Lung-Ji Chang, Yu-Ling Yeh, John Amory, Alex Goldstein. The role of aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzymes in cancer cell proliferation, migration and drug resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3762. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3762
Innate signals overcome acquired TCR signaling pathway regulation and govern the fate of human CD161hi CD8α+ semi-invariant T cells
Authors: Cameron J. Turtle, Jeff Delrow, Rochelle C. Joslyn, Hillary M. Swanson, Ryan Basom, Laura Tabellini, Colleen Delaney, Shelly Heimfeld, John A. Hansen, Stanley R. Riddell
Journal: Blood (2011)
Comparative analysis of high resolution synchrotron radiation images of fibrocystic change and breast cancer.
Authors: SH Park, JH Lee, JG Bong, JG Kim, KH Kim, HJ Sang, HS Youn
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4009 Background: Synchrotron radiation imaging enables us to observe detailed microscopic structures of a biologic sample without staining. If synchrotron imaging can reveal microstructures of breast tissues with various pathologic conditions effectively, this may be used for clinical purposes related to diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases. We attempted to get high resolution x-ray microscopic images of human breast tissues of fibrocystic change and breast cancer using zone plates and phase contrast technique, and compared distinctive features of breast tissues of these conditions seen in synchrotron images.&amp;#x2028; Material and Methods: X-ray microscopic images were obtained from the Beam line 1B2 of Pohang Light Source, the third generation synchrotron radiation facility with operating energy of 2.5 GeV at Pohang, South Korea. The x-ray was set at 11.1 KeV, and the beam was monochromatized by W/B4C monochromator. The condenser and microscopic objective zone plates were used as x-ray lenses. Formalin-fixed 10 μm thick human breast tissues were attached on Kapton film, and positioned 25 m away from the beam source. Zernike phase plate next to the condenser zone plate was applied for phase contrast imaging. The magnified x-ray image was converted into a visual image on the CsI(TI) scintillation crystal and captured by a full frame CCD camera. The obtained synchrotron images of fibrocystic change and breast cancer tissues were analyzed and compared to one another.&amp;#x2028; Results: High resolution x-ray microscopic images of fibrocystic change and breast cancer tissues with a spatial resolution of 60 nm were obtained. The synchrotron images of fibrocystic change showed a harmonious framework of breast tissues with profuse glandular structures and various collagen strands. However, the synchrotron images of breast cancer tissues revealed altered breast parenchyma with architectural distortion and extensive fibrosis. The collagen strands were thickened, interrupted and irregularly oriented. The glandular elements and ductal structures were atrophic or lost.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: The synchrotron images of breast cancer reveal severe alteration of breast parenchyma, collagen strands and glandular structures, compared to those of fibrocystic change. These changes are important features of breast cancer seen in high resolution synchrotron images. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4009.
Noninvasive detection of skeletal muscle underperfusion with near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with heart failure.
Authors: J R Wilson, D M Mancini, K McCully, N Ferraro, V Lanoce, B Chance
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The present study was undertaken to determine whether near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to noninvasively assess skeletal muscle oxygenation in patients with heart failure. The difference between light absorption at 760 and 800 nm was used to assess hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygenation. Initial studies conducted in isolated canine gracilis muscle demonstrated that 760-800-nm absorption correlated closely (r = -0.97 +/- 0.01) with venous hemoglobin O2 saturation when the muscle was stimulated to contract at 0.25-5.0 Hz. In normal subjects (n = 6) and patients with heart failure (n = 8), 760-800-nm absorption changes from the vastus lateralis muscle were monitored at rest, during progressive maximal bicycle exercise, and during thigh cuff inflation to suprasystolic pressure, an intervention designed to assess minimal hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygenation. Absorption changes were expressed relative to the full physiologic range noted from rest to thigh cuff inflation. During exercise, normal subjects exhibited an initial increase in hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygenation followed by a progressive decrease in oxygenation to 27 +/- 13% of the physiologic range at the peak exercise workload of 140 +/- 9 W. In contrast, patients exhibited an initial decrease in hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygenation with the first workload, followed by a progressive further decrease to 26 +/- 13% of the physiologic range at a peak exercise workload of 60 +/- 8 W, less than half the peak workload noted in the normal subjects. At all exercise loads, hemoglobin-myoglobin oxygenation was significantly less in the patients than in the normal subjects. These data suggest that near-infrared spectroscopy can detect impaired skeletal muscle O2 delivery in patients with heart failure. This technique could provide a valuable method of assessing muscle O2 delivery in patients, particularly before and after therapeutic interventions.