tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Right heart failure chronically stimulates heat shock protein 72 in heart and liver but not in other tissues
Authors: L. Comini, G. Gaia, S. Curello, C. Ceconi, E. Pasini, M. Benigno, T. Bachetti, R. Ferrari
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

During cardiac failure several ontogenically developed adaptional mechanisms are activated. Among these, heat-shock proteins (HSP) are expressed in response to stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the HSP72 protein expression in lungs, liver, cardiac and skeletal muscles during congestive heart failure (CHF).CHF was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (50 mg/kg). Two groups of animals emerged: a CHF group (n = 10) with right ventricular hypertrophy, pleural and peritoneal effusions, and an Hypertrophy group (n = 12) with right ventricular hypertrophy without CHF. The data for each group were compared with those of control (saline infused) age-matched rats. Lungs, liver, right and left ventricles, soleus, extensor digitorum longus and tibialis anterior muscles were excised and analyzed for HSP72 concentration by Western blot analysis using a specific monoclonal antibody. Noradrenaline levels in the heart were also measured using HPLC.The CHF group showed: (1) reduced right (0.460 +/- 0.090 vs 0.830 +/- 0.070 nmol/ventricle, P < 0.01) and left (1.10 +/- 0.09 vs 2.10 +/- 0.130 nmol/ventricle, P < 0.001) ventricular content of noradrenaline compared to the control; (2) significant activation of HSP72 concentration in right and left ventricles (39.4 +/- 1.6 vs 5 +/- 0.9% and 13 +/- 1.2 vs 3.5 +/- 0.6%, P < 0.001 both) and in the liver (39.8 +/- 11 vs 6 +/- 2%, P < 0.001); (3) no modification in HSP72 concentration in lungs and all of the peripheral muscles considered. The Hypertrophy group showed: (1) unchanged total noradrenaline tissue content as compared to the control; and (2) unmodified HSP72 concentration in all tissues analyzed.The present study demonstrates that CHF, but not compensatory hypertrophy, is a specific stimulus for chronic HSP72 induction in the heart and liver. On the contrary, CHF does not affect HSP in lungs and peripheral muscles. HSP 72 induction represents an intracellular marker of stress reaction which can persist chronically.
Viral-Human Chimeric Transcript Predisposes Risk to Liver Cancer Development and Progression
Authors: Chi-Chiu Lau, Tingting Sun, Arthur K.K. Ching, Mian He, Jing-Woei Li, Alissa M. Wong, Ngai Na Co, Anthony W.H. Chan, Pik-Shan Li, Raymond W.M. Lung, Joanna H.M. Tong, Paul B.S. Lai, Henry L.Y. Chan, Ka-Fai To, Ting-Fung Chan, Nathalie Wong
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
THE ISOLATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF RABBIT γM- AND γG-ANTI-SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM ANTIBODIES
Authors: John B. Robbins, Kathryn Kenny, Emanuel Suter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1965)

Rabbit gammaM- and gammaG-anti-S. typhimurium antibodies were isolated by combined immune specific and physical methods and some of their properties in immunological systems were measured. gammaM-Antibody was detectable at lower concentrations and revealed a higher specific activity than the gammaG-globulins. Indirect studies indicated that the gammaG-globulin was the more "avid" immunoglobulin. Treatment of the gammaM-globulin with the reducing agent 2-ME decreased but did not destroy the immune activity of the subunits. The results confirm the necessity of analysis of purified immunoglobulin antibodies to evaluate the significance of their biological properties secondary to their interaction with antigens.
Abstract S5-5: Identification of a Clinically Relevant Gene Signature in Triple Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer
Authors: A Rody, T Karn, C Liedtke, L Pusztai, E Ruckhäberle, L Hanker, R Gaetje, C Solbach, A Ahr, D Metzler, M Schmidt, V Müller, U Holtrich, M. Kaufmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Gene expression profiles in breast cancer mainly reflect ER, PgR, HER2 status, and proliferation. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) seem to constitute a heterogenous entity and their relationship to basal-like breast cancers (BLBC) is not fully clear. Further understanding of TNBC is important since new treatments are needed. Materials and Methods: We assembled an Affymetrix dataset of n=579 TNBC (finding cohort n=394, validation cohort n=185). Unsupervised methods identified principal metagenes differing among TNBC in this clean cohort. Clinical data were correlated to these metagenes for the basal-like and apocrine phenotypes, different types of immune cells, the claudin-CD24 signature, markers of blood and adipocytes, as well as signatures for stroma, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Results: 73% of TNBC displayed a basal-like phenotype correlating with poor histological grading and younger age. However, no effect of basal-like phenotype on survival was observed. A good prognosis was obtained for expression of immune cell metagenes and a poor prognosis was associated with metagenes for inflammation, angiogenesis and stromal cells. A combination of high B-cell metagene and low IL-8 metagene expression identified 27% of TNBC with a favourable prognosis (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.12-0.48; P&amp;lt;0.001) and remained the only significant factor in multivariate analysis with standard parameters. Conclusion: All published prognostic signatures assign TNBC to a poor prognosis group. Use of a subtype-specific dataset not confounded by the main variables of breast cancer allowed the identification of a novel prognostic signature for TNBC. Targeting the IL-8 pathway could be a valuable therapeutic opportunity in TNBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr S5-5.
Tumor-Specific Cooperation of Retinoblastoma Protein Family and Snf5 Inactivation
Authors: Jingjing Chai, Xiangdong Lu, Virginia Godfrey, Christopher Fletcher, Charles W.M. Roberts, Terry Van Dyke, Bernard E. Weissman
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRT) are rare aggressive cancers that occur in young children. Seventy-five percent of sporadic MRTs harbor inactivating SNF5 mutations, and mice heterozygous for an Snf5-null allele develop MRTs with partial penetrance. The diagnosis of choroid plexus carcinomas (CPC) in addition to MRTs in families with a single mutant SNF5 allele prompted us to assess the role of SNF5 loss in CPC in genetically engineered mice. With high frequency, TgT121 mice develop CPCs that are initiated by inactivation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and related proteins p107 and p130. However, CPC penetrance and latency were not significantly affected by Snf5 heterozygosity, consistent with recent evidence that CPCs in SNF5 families were, in many cases, misdiagnosed MRTs. Surprisingly, although the CPC phenotype was unaffected, TgT121;Snf5+/− mice developed MRTs with increased penetrance and decreased latency compared with TgT121;Snf5+/+ littermates. MRTs expressed the T121 protein with a concomitant increase in mitotic activity. The predominant appearance of TgT121;Snf5+/− MRTs in the spinal cord led to the discovery that these tumors likely arose from a subset of spinal cord neural progenitor cells expressing T121 rather than from transdifferentiation of CPC. Significantly, the target cell type(s) for MRT is unknown. Hence, this study not only shows that pRbf and SNF5 inactivation cooperate to induce MRTs but also provides new insight into the MRT target population. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):3002–9]
Arterial wave reflection in heart failure.
Authors: W K Laskey, W G Kussmaul
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Arterial wave reflection may adversely influence both left ventricular afterload and ejection performance. Therefore, using multisensor catheter manometers, we derived wave reflection indexes from ascending aortic pressure and velocity recordings in 17 subjects with clinical heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and 11 control subjects free of detectable cardiovascular disease. Patients were studied at rest as well as during submaximal supine bicycle exercise. Eight of the subjects with cardiomyopathy were also studied during infusion of nitroprusside at rest and on exercise. Reflection indexes decreased on exercise in normal subjects but did not consistently do so in the subjects with heart failure. In both groups the reflected wave on exercise returned earlier during the ejection period. Infusion of nitroprusside at rest in subjects with heart failure had dramatic, and significant, effects on the magnitude and timing of arterial wave reflections. The effect of nitroprusside on reflection magnitude persisted on exercise, although the timing of the reflected wave was disadvantageous. The systemic arterial response to exercise in heart failure is characterized by a smaller change in wave reflection indexes in spite of a comparable decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Nitroprusside diminishes the potentially adverse impact of wave reflections by decreasing the magnitude of the reflected wave and altering its timing. Additional dose titration studies are necessary to fully assess the benefits of pharmacologic vasodilation during exercise.
Prognostic Serum Cytokines in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma—Letter
Authors: Oliver Coutelle, Hildegard Büning, Annette Plütschow, Michael Fuchs, Laura Escalona-Espinosa, Andreas Engert, Ulrich Hacker
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

We read with interest the study by Marri and colleagues ([1][1]) suggesting that in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), the pretreatment cytokine profile, particularly serum levels of IL6 and IL2R, may be used to identify those at high risk for early-disease relapse. The authors further
Features and Outcomes of Classic Heat Stroke
Authors: Abderrezak Bouchama
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters6 April 1999Features and Outcomes of Classic Heat StrokeAbderrezak Bouchama, MDAbderrezak Bouchama, MDKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (Bouchama)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-7-199904060-00008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dematte and colleagues (1) report an interesting association between near-fatal classic heat stroke and infection: In their study, 16 of 33 patients (48%) were found to have positive blood cultures within 24 hours of presentation. However, the inference that infection plays a role in the development of heat stroke is questionable because of the retrospective nature of the study, the number of centers (possibly with different management of heat stroke) from which the data were taken, and the time lag between the onset of heat stroke and the drawing of blood for cultures.My colleagues and I ...References1. Dematte JE, O'Mara K, Buescher J, Whitney CG, Forsythe S, McNamee T, et al . Near-fatal heat stroke during the 1995 heat wave in Chicago. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:173-81. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Legall JR, Loirat P, Alperovitch A, Glaser P, Granthil C, Mathiew D, et al . A simplified acute physiology score for ICU patients. Crit Care Med. 1984;12:975-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hammami MM, Bouchama A, Al Sedairy S, Shail E, Al Ohaly Y, Mohamed GE. Concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 receptors in heatstroke and heatstress. Crit Care Med. 1997;25:1314-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia (Bouchama) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoNear-Fatal Heat Stroke during the 1995 Heat Wave in Chicago Jane E. Dematte , Karen O'Mara , Jennifer Buescher , Cynthia G. Whitney , Sean Forsythe , Turi McNamee , Raghavendra B. Adiga , and I. Maurice Ndukwu Metrics Cited ByHeat Sepsis Precedes Heat Toxicity in the Pathophysiology of Heat Stroke—A New Paradigm on an Ancient DiseaseThrombomodulin Improved Liver Injury, Coagulopathy, and Mortality in an Experimental Heatstroke Model in MiceValidation of a Temperature Prediction Model for Heat Deaths in Undocumented Border CrossersHeat InjuryEarly organ dysfunction course, cooling time and outcome in classic heatstrokeHeat InjuryThe Roles of Exercise-Induced Immune System Disturbances in the Pathology of Heat StrokeHeat Stroke 6 April 1999Volume 130, Issue 7Page: 613KeywordsBloodComaMortalityPathogenesisRetrospective studiesSimplified acute physiology scoreStaphylococcusStrokeTemperature Issue Published: 6 April 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Changing Life-styles and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Coronary heart disease was either rare or unrecognized as such in previous centuries. Its recognition and meteoric rise in the 20th century is something of a mystery. Enormous investigative effort has gone into identifying risk factors for this disease. Hypertension, cigarette smoking, cholesterol-rich foods, lack of exercise, and type A personality—all have been indicted with varying degrees of confidence. Their reduction or, whenever possible, elimination by modifying "life-styles" has become the target of public education. Have these endeavors been successful in modifying menacing life-styles, and, if so, have they made a substantial dent in the incidence of ischemic heart disease? It is easier to answer the first question than the second. Although individual compliance has to be taken on faith, one can hardly ignore the reported<sup>1</sup>substantial decline in the United States in per capita consumption of cigarettes, dairy products, eggs, and animal fats and the rise in consumption of
What is convincing evidence on alcohol pricing?
Authors: M. Robinson, G. McCartney, C. Beeston
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In a week described as a disaster for public health, the UK government shelved two proposed alcohol pricing policies.1 Insufficient “concrete evidence” was the justification for dropping minimum unit pricing, while there was a “lack of convincing evidence” for banning multi-buy discounts. What criteria the government used to assess the evidence, however, is not clear.

The University of Sheffield’s …
Acute Mitral Stenosis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Eduardo Franco, José Alberto de Agustín, Rosana Hernandez-Antolin, Eulogio Garcia, Jacobo Silva, Luis Maroto, Carmen Olmos, Elena Fortuny, Dafne Viliani, Carlos Macaya, Jose Zamorano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Treatment for heart disease must improve in deprived areas
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The government has made major steps forward in the treatment of heart disease in England and Wales, according to a report by the NHS inspection body, the Healthcare Commission. But it still needs to do more to target people most at risk of heart disease, particularly those in areas of social or economic deprivation, where rates of heart disease are still higher than normal.

The report looks at progress on the national service framework for heart disease, which was launched in 2000. People who have a heart attack are getting treatment more quickly now. Eighty five per cent of patients were …
Device center regulates 'tools of the trade'
Authors: Kathryn Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Last March, a young man in Tucson underwent the second of three operations in a two-day marathon of ultimately unsuccessful attempts to save his life. The patient's immune system had acutely rejected a human heart transplanted just hours before, and now his surgeons needed to borrow time until another human heart could be found. They chose to implant an artificial heart. But the device wasn't the federally sanctioned Jarvik-7 artificial heart. Nor had this "Phoenix heart," named for the city in which it was developed, been tested before in humans. In fact, it had only been tested in calves for up to 12 hours. But not filing for government approval for the heart, as stipulated by the 1976 medical device amendments to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938, the surgeons had apparently defied the FDA. Or had they? According to John C. Villforth, MS, director of the FDA's
lndium-111 White Blood Cell Imaging in Suppurative Peritonitis
Authors: B CHANDRAMOULY, T SCAGNELL, P NARDI, A BRUDNICKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

An 85-year-old man underwent en bloc resection of the distal two-thirds of his stomach and pancreas, splenectomy, left hemicolectomy, and left kidney resection for malignant lymphoma. A large perforated gastric ulcer and massive lymphadenopathy were seen at the time of surgery. Postoperatively, his temperature peaked and an ln-111 WBC study and repeat CT imaging of the abdomen were performed. On repeat laparotomy, about 3 L of purulent material were drained from the peritoneal cavity.
Demonstration of free radical generation in "stunned" myocardium of intact dogs with the use of the spin trap alpha-phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone.
Authors: R Bolli, B S Patel, M O Jeroudi, E K Lai, P B McCay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Recent studies suggest that oxygen free radicals may mediate postischemic myocardial dysfunction ("stunning"), but all the evidence for this hypothesis is indirect. Thus, we used electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and the spin trap, alpha-phenyl N-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN), to directly investigate whether free radicals are produced after a 15-min coronary artery occlusion and subsequent reperfusion in 30 open-chest dogs. After intracoronary infusion of PBN, EPR signals characteristic of oxygen- and carbon-centered radical adducts were detected in the venous blood draining from the ischemic/reperfused vascular bed. The myocardial release of PBN adducts began during coronary occlusion but increased dramatically in the first few minutes after reperfusion. After this initial burst, the production of radicals abated but did not cease, persisting up to 3 h after reflow. The EPR spectra (aH beta = 2.67-2.79 G, aN = 14.75-15.00 G) were consistent with the trapping by PBN of secondary oxygen- and carbon-centered radicals, such as alkoxy and alkyl radicals, which could be formed by reactions of primary oxygen radicals with membrane lipids. There was a linear, direct relationship between the magnitude of PBN adduct production and the degree of ischemic flow reduction. Recovery of contractile function (measured as systolic wall thickening) after reperfusion was greater (P less than 0.05) in dogs given PBN than in controls. This study demonstrates that reversible regional myocardial ischemia in the intact animal is associated with prolonged free radical generation, and that the intensity of such generation is related to the severity of ischemia. The results provide direct evidence to support the hypothesis that reactive oxygen metabolites contribute to the persistent contractile dysfunction (myocardial stunning) observed after brief ischemia in vivo.
APPARENTLY SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF THE NORMAL SPLEEN
Authors: D. H. Patey
Journal: BMJ (1929)

Conmbinted Spintal and Splanic7hnic Aniaesthesia.For abdominal operations in tho lneighlbourliood of the dia- pbragm-for example, partial gastrectomiy, gastro-eintero- stomiiy, resection of growths of the transverso colon and the flexures, operations oni thle gall-bladder anid ducts-spinial anaesthesia witlh 0.1 gram stovaine introduced betwveenl the second and third luLmbar vertebrae comiibinied w-ith splanchnic anaesthesia (60 to 70 c.cm. of a 0.5 p)ei cent.solutioni of
The pathophysiology and diverse etiology of septal perforator compression.
Authors: J B Kostis, A E Moreyra, N Natarajan, M Hosler, P T Kuo, H L Conn
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Compression of the septal perforator branches of the left anterior descending artery (systolic obliteration and diastolic reopacification during arteriography) has been proposed as a marker of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS). Among 568 unselected coronary arteriograms this angiographic finding was pronounced in 11 of 17 patients with IHSS; in 12 of 44 with aortic stenosis (AS); in five of 46 patients with severe (95%) proximal stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery; in three of 18 with myocardial bridge; in three of 12 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; in one of 62 with normal right and left heart catheterization; and in none of the 369 patients with other cardiac diseases. Mild septal perforator compression (SPC) was observed in six other patients with IHSS, one patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 19 patients with AS, eight patients with severe stenosis of the LAD and one patient with myocardial bridge. SPC was more pronounced in patients with high systolic pressure gradients (Spearmann Rank r = 0.64, p = 0.003 and Pearson r = 0.31, p = 0.159 for IHSS; Spearmann Rank r = 0.47, p = 0.001; Pearson r = 0.51, p = 0.001 for AS) and increased septal thickness (Spearmann Rank r = 0.45, p = 0.05, Pearson r = 0.61, p = 0.011 for IHSS; Spearmann r = 0.44, p = 0.013, Pearson r = 0.42, p = 0.018 for AS). SPC is not specific for IHSS. It may result from a decrease of the intraluminal pressure in the septal perforators resulting from obstruction at the left ventricular, aortic valvular or coronary arterial level and from increased septal thickness which may lead to higher extraluminal pressure.
THe rectal mucosa in patients with crohn's anal fistulae harbours lower numbers of bifidobacteria, and the fistula tracts are devoid of a microbial ecosystem
Authors: P. Tozer, N. Rayment, O. H. Al-Hassi, A. Murguranathan, N. Daulatzai, S. C. Knight, R. K. Phillips, K. Whelan, A. L. Hart
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The aetiology of Crohn9s perianal fistulae remains obscure but genetic, microbial and immune factors play a role. For example, faecal diversion and antimicrobial treatment are partially efficacious in some Crohn9s anal fistulae. There is evidence of reduced mucosal clostridia and <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i> and increased enterobacteria (eg, <i>Escherichia coli</i>) in active Crohn9s disease but the relationship between rectal microbiota and anal fistulae has not been well documented. <h3>Aim</h3> To characterise the fistula tract and rectal microbiota in patients with Crohn9s and idiopathic anal fistulae using fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH). <h3>Methods</h3> Fistula and/or rectal biopsies were taken from patients with Crohn9s or idiopathic anal fistulae and isolated luminal Crohn9s disease by a standardised technique, washed in sterile phosphate buffered saline and snap frozen in liquid nitrogen. Frozen sections were hybridised with oligonucleotide probes targeting the microbial 16S rRNA. The hybridised mucosa associated microbiota were identified and quantified. <h3>Results</h3> 36 patients with anal fistulae (18 Crohn9s (CPD), 18 idiopathic (IPD)) had rectal and fistula tract biopsies taken. 12 patients with only luminal Crohn9s disease (no perianal disease (CD)) had rectal samples taken. None of the fistula tract biopsies from either CPD or IPD patients contained any mucosa-associated bacteria, with the exception of one patient (IPD). This finding was identified using FISH, and confirmed using gram staining and scanning electron microscopy. There were more rectal bifidobacteria in patients with IPD than CPD and CD (p=0.02). Rectal microbiota were otherwise similar across the three groups. In all Crohn9s patients (CPD and CD), a longer duration of disease was associated with a higher number of Bacteroides (p=0.02). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The study findings suggest that there is altered rectal microbiota (decreased bifidobacteria) in patients with Crohn9s anal fistulae, but that the fistula tracts themselves lack mucosa-associated microbiota which may have relevance for the presumed microbial-immune interaction thought to drive inflammation.