tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cimetidine and Encephalopathy
Authors: YARON NIV
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1986Cimetidine and EncephalopathyYARON NIV, M.D., LEONID ZLATKIS, M.D., KARLOS KOSAKOV, M.D.YARON NIV, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LEONID ZLATKIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KARLOS KOSAKOV, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-6-977_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Mental confusion has been described in very few patients treated with Cimetidine (1). This phenomenon is rare, despite the fact that Cimetidine is used worldwide, and it occurs especially in the elderly, in patients with liver or renal failure, or when very high doses are used. We describe a case of encephalopathy associated with Cimetidine that included reversible changes on an encephalogram.A 70-year-old man was admitted because of hematemesis that occurred after 1-week course of indomethacin therapy for pains in his right hip. Physical findings were normal. On his first hospital day, the hemoglobin level dropped...References1. MCGUIGAN J. A consideration of the adverse effects of Cimetidine. Gastroenterology. 1981;80:181-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BURKARD W. Histamine H2-receptor binding with 3H-cimetidine in brain. Eur J Pharmacol. 1978;50:449-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SCHENTAGCERRACALLERIDE GLOPPERBERNHARD JFGEH. Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies in patients with cimetidine-associated mental confusion. Lancet. 1979;1:177-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KIMBELBLATTCERRACALLERIBERGMCMILLENSCHENTAG BFGMMJ. Dose and serum concentration relationships in cimetidine-associated mental confusion. Gastroenterology. 1980;78:791-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. JONSSONERIKSSONKAGEVI KSI. Cimetidine, but not oxmetidine, penetrates the CSF after a single intravenous dose. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;14:815. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rebecca Sieff Government Hospital Safed Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByExamination of the Cognitive Effects of Cimetidine in Normal Elderly VolunteersCentral Nervous System Reactions to Histamine-2 Receptor BlockersThomas G. Cantú, PharmD, Joan S. Korek, PharmDPsychopharmacology in Patients with Hepatic and Gastrointestinal DiseaseDrug-Related Cognitive Impairment: Current Progress and Recurrent Problems 1 December 1986Volume 105, Issue 6Page: 977-977KeywordsBrain diseasesElderlyHemoglobinHipLiverRenal failure Issue Published: 1 December 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Patients, Physicians, and Weight Control
Authors: Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Co-Expression of Tumor Antigen and Interleukin-2 From an Adenoviral Vector Augments the Efficiency of Therapeutic Tumor Vaccination
Authors: Benjamin Anderschou Holbech Jensen, Maria Abildgaard Steffensen, Karen Nørgaard Nielsen, Jan Pravsgaard Christensen, Allan Randrup Thomsen, Peter Johannes Holst
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

We have previously shown that for the majority of antigens, adenoviral vaccines expressing the target antigen fused to the MHC associated invariant chain (Ii) induce an accelerated, augmented, and prolonged transgene-specific CD8(+) T-cell response. Here we describe a new adenoviral vaccine vector approach where the target antigen fused to Ii is expressed from the adenoviral E1 region and IL-2 is expressed from the E3 region. Immunization of mice with this new vector construct resulted in an augmented primary effector CD8(+) T-cell response. Furthermore, in a melanoma model we observed significantly prolonged tumor control in vaccinated wild type (WT) mice. The improved tumor control required antigen-specific cells, since no tumor control was observed, unless the melanoma cells expressed the vaccine targeted antigen. We also tested our new vaccine in immunodeficient (CD80/86 deficient) mice. Following vaccination with the IL-2 expressing construct, these mice were able to raise a delayed but substantial CD8(+) T-cell response, and to control melanoma growth nearly as efficaciously as similarly vaccinated WT mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that current vaccine vectors can be improved and even tailored to meet specific demands: in the context of therapeutic vaccination, the capacity to promote an augmented effector T-cell response.
My first and best role model
Authors: Ami Schattner
Journal: BMJ (2008)

As final year medical students, we had an obligatory two weeks’ rotation in the hospital’s dermatology department. Although we could appreciate how common, important, and revealing skin problems were, dermatology was way off the mainstream for us. 

Our young American dermatology instructor beckoned me at the end of one morning session. “What does a handsome young man like you need those for?” were his exact words, indicating two moles that I had on my face. He undertook to remove them for me, explaining that this could be easily done …
The Eclectic Approach to the Treatment of Phobias
Authors: K. ROY MACKENZIE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A patient with air travel phobia was treated by a variety of therapeutic techniques. Initially, intensive reciprocal inhibition similar to implosion therapy was used, with concomitant supportive psychotherapy. Then psychodynamically oriented short-term therapy was introduced to achieve more lasting results. The author suggests that rather than establishing a dogmatic position in terms of selected technique, the therapist should take a truly eclectic approach within the unfolding treatment of a single patient.
The Relationship Between the Extent of Extraprostatic Extension and Survival Following Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Byong Chang Jeong, Heather J. Chalfin, Seung Bae Lee, Zhaoyong Feng, Jonathan I. Epstein, Bruce J. Trock, Alan W. Partin, Elizabeth Humphreys, Patrick C. Walsh, Misop Han
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Human monoclonal γG-cryoglobulins with anti—γ-globulin activity
Authors: Howard M. Grey, Peter F. Kohler, William D. Terry, Edward C. Franklin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Seven human γG-myeloma proteins which were also cryoglobulins were studied with respect to their reactivity with γG-globulins as well as with regard to their antigenic classification within the γG—heavy chain subclasses. Five of the seven cryoglobulins studied were positive in at least two of the three tests used to assay for anti—γ-globulin activity. One protein was only weakly positive in one test system and another was negative in all test systems. The structures which were recognized by the cryoglobulins were localized to the Fc-fragment. Only primate γG-globulins contained these antigenic determinants and in some cases the cryoglobulin appeared to show specificity for one human heavy chain subclass over the others. Antigenic analysis revealed that four of the five cryoglobulins with definite antibody activity belonged to the γG3-subclass, the fifth belonged to the γG1-subclass. The two cryoglobulins which reacted only weakly or failed to combine with γG-globulins were both of the γG1-subclass. These findings taken together with the localization of the combining site to the Fab-fragment suggests that many of these cryoglobulins may represent antibodies to γG-globulin, and that the cryoprecipitate in these cases represents antigen-antibody complexes of such a nature that they precipitate only in the cold.
Specialists condemn government's obesity plan as too simplistic
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Experts in public health and obesity have condemned the government’s plan for reducing obesity in England because it focuses only on individual responsibility and fails to tackle the influence of the food and drinks industry, they say.

The government’s new strategy document sets out measures for reducing obesity as the NHS moves towards a new public health system. Its main recommendation is to “empower” people to make healthy decisions by providing information and tailored support on weight management at a local level. Although it recognises that physical activity is important, the plan suggests that reducing energy intake is the key to weight loss.

“We will favour interventions towards the less intrusive end of the Nuffield ladder [which ranks public health measures from doing nothing to eliminating choice]—with a focus on equipping people to …
Abstract 71: Metformin inhibits lung cancer cell growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo: Effect on IL6-Stat3 pathway
Authors: Chien-Chung Lin, Mei-Chun Shen, Wu-Chou Su
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The usage of metformin as a first line treatment for type 2 diabetes associates with reduced cancer risk. Animal studies have shown that metformin inhibits breast cancer growth mainly via AMPK-mTOR pathway. Associated clinical trial is conducting. However, the application of metformin in other cancers and other mechanisms remain not clarified. In our previous study, we demonstrated the down-regulation of TSC1 (tuberous sclerosis 1) in lung cancer cells from malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and verified with qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. TSC1/TSC2 complex can suppress the mTOR pathway and receive input from LKB1-AMPK pathway and we found that metformin induced TSC1expression in vitro. Previous studies demonstrate that TNFα-sphingomyelinase and IL6-Stat3 contribute the formation of MPE via activating VEGF secretion. TNF-α can also induce IL6 secretion in many tumors. In our recent study, we first investigated the effect of metformin on proliferation of lung cancer cell. Lung cancer lines including PC14PE6/AS2 (AS2), A549 and CL 1-0 were treated with various dosage of metformin. After treatment for 96 hours, metformin inhibited proliferation of AS2, A549 and CL1-0 lung cancer cells dose-dependently. The IC50 of all cells are around 2.5-5 mM, measured by MTT assays. We also investigated the addictive cytotoxicity of metformin to cisplatin. Metformin co-incubation with cisplatin for 72 hr in AS2 cells displayed an increased cytotoxicity as compared to each agent alone. As for the association with angiogenesis, by analyzing the supernatant with ELISA assay, the VEGF secretion also decreased after treatment with metformin in AS2 and A549 cells. And Western blotting was conducted to access the effect on Stat3 and AMPK phosphorylation of metformin. In AS2 cell, not only the phosphorylation of AMPK increased after metformin treatment, the Stat3 phosphorylation was also suppressed. In addition, stimulation with TNF-α led to substantial secretion of IL6, which was inhibited by co-incubation with metformin. In vivo, the AS2 cells were injected i.p. into the unanesthetized nude mice and MQ-water or metformin (1mg) were injected 2 days later. Around 2 to 4 weeks, the mice developed peritoneal carcinomatosis and malignant ascites. In the metformin group, though the same number of mice developed peritoneal carcinomatosis and ascites, the amount of ascites and VEGF level are less than the control group. In conclusion, metformin inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. And the IL6-Stat3-VEGF pathway may also involve in the anticancer effect of metformin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 71.
Right-ventricular failure is associated with increased mitochondrial complex II activity and production of reactive oxygen species
Authors: E REDOUT, M WAGNER, M ZUIDWIJK, C BOER, R MUSTERS, C VANHARDEVELD, W PAULUS, W SIMONIDES
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the progression of ventricular hypertrophy to congestive heart failure. However, the source of increased oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes remains unclear.Here we examined NADPH oxidase and mitochondria as sources of ventricular ROS production in a rat model of right-ventricular (RV) failure (CHF) induced by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Western analysis showed increased expression of the catalytic subunit gp91(phox) of NADPH oxidase as well as its activator Rac1 in RV in CHF compared to non-failing myocardium (CON). In addition, analysis of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes showed a selective increase in the expression of Complex II subunit B. Using lucigenin chemiluminescence, tissue homogenates showed increased NADPH oxidase and Complex II-dependent ROS production in failing RV, with no increase in the left ventricle. Functional analyses of isolated RV mitochondria showed an increase in Complex II activity as well as Complex II-associated ROS production in CHF vs CON. An increase in the reduction state of the mitochondrial Coenzyme Q in failing RV, together with increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, indicated conditions in CHF that strongly favor ROS production by mitochondria. Reduced ROS-scavenging capacity was indicated by decreased mRNA levels of superoxide dismutases. Oxidative stress in failing RV was indicated by a two-fold increase in the level of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and by immunohistochemical evidence of extensive protein nitration.These data show that the development of PAH-induced RV heart failure is associated with an increased capacity for ROS production by NADPH oxidase as well as mitochondria. The selective increase in expression and activity of mitochondrial Complex II may be particularly important for ventricular ROS production in heart failure.
Reduced Sleep Spindle Activity in Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Fabio Ferrarelli, Reto Huber, Michael J. Peterson, Marcello Massimini, Michael Murphy, Brady A. Riedner, Adam Watson, Pietro Bria, Giulio Tononi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: High-density EEG during sleep represents a powerful new tool to reveal potential abnormalities in rhythm-generating mechanisms while avoiding confounding factors associated with waking activities. As a first step in this direction, the authors employed high-density EEG to explore whether sleep rhythms differ between schizophrenia subjects, healthy individuals, and a psychiatric control group with a history of depression. Method: Healthy comparison subjects (N=17), medicated schizophrenia patients (N=18), and subjects with a history of depression (N=15) were recruited. Subjects were recorded during the first sleep episode of the night with a 256-electrode high-density EEG. Recordings were analyzed for changes in EEG power spectra, power topography, and sleep-specific cortical oscillations. Results: The authors found that the schizophrenia group had a significant reduction in centroparietal EEG power, from 13.75 to 15.00 Hz, in relation to both the comparison and depression groups. No significant difference in EEG power between the comparison and depression groups was identified. The authors also found a decrease in sleep spindle number, amplitude, duration, and integrated spindle activity in schizophrenia patients. Furthermore, integrated spindle activity had an effect size corresponding to 93.0% or 90.2% separation of the schizophrenia from the comparison or depression group. Conclusions: Sleep spindles are generated by the thalamic reticular nucleus in conjunction with specific thalamic nuclei and are modulated by corticothalamic and thalamocortical connections. The deficit in sleep spindles in schizophrenia subjects may reflect dysfunction in thalamic-reticular and thalamocortical mechanisms and could represent a biological marker of illness.
FAMILIAL FACIAL PALSY
Authors: M. Reese Guttman
Journal: JAMA (1928)

The report of this case is prompted by its rarity and apparent familial incidence. Mrs. F. C., seen for an irrelevent complaint, presented also a right facial palsy, with typical distortion. The palsy was apparently of the central type, as the forehead did not evidence any involvement and the orbicularis was unaffected. While voluntary movements were absent, there was some response in emotional movements, as in laughing and smiling. The angle of the mouth had a distinct droop on the affected side; whistling was impossible; she could not show her teeth on that side, nor could she alternately blow up one cheek after the other. Her speech was somewhat impaired. Gustatory involvement was absent, the sense of taste being intact, and the hearing as shown by the usual tests was normal. The electrical reactions were normal. These observations definitely established a central lesion as the underlying cause of
Pulmonary Lymphangiomyomatosis Responsive to Progesterone
Authors: Kenneth S. McCarty, Jeffrey A. Mossler, Robert McLelland, Herbert O. Sieker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

PULMONARY lymphangiomyomatosis occurs almost exclusively in women of reproductive age.1 The principal manifestation is a proliferation of immature smooth muscle throughout the peribronchial, perivascular, and perilymphatic regions of the lung. This disorder is usually part of a more inclusive syndrome causing similar lesions in extrapulmonary lymphatics and lymph nodes. Similar pulmonary lesions are a component of tuberous sclerosis, but the relation between the isolated pulmonary manifestations and the generalized disease requires further clarification.2 3 4 5 6 The most frequent problem reported by patients with lymphangiomyomatosis is progressive dyspnea. Pneumothorax, chylous effusions, and hemoptysis are frequent complications. The roentgenographic appearance is characteristic although not . . .
Characterization and gestational regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone messenger RNA in human placenta.
Authors: D M Frim, R L Emanuel, B G Robinson, C M Smas, G K Adler, J A Majzoub
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a hypothalamic neuropeptide involved in the regulation of ACTH secretion, has been detected by RIA in extracts of human placenta. We wished to determine whether this immunoreactive substance is a product of CRH gene expression in the placenta. We have found authentic human CRH (hCRH) mRNA in human placental tissue that is similar in size to hypothalamic CRH mRNA. Furthermore, the transcriptional initiation site for placental hCRH mRNA is identical to that previously predicted for hypothalamic hCRH mRNA, 23-26 nucleotides downstream from a canonical promoter element. Placental hCRH mRNA increases more than 20-fold in the 5 wk preceding parturition, in parallel with a rise in placental hCRH peptide content. These data strongly suggest that the hCRH gene is expressed in the placenta and that this expression changes dramatically during gestation.
Dialytic Therapy for Irreversible Uremia
Authors: Thomas Manis, Eli A. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

(First of Two Parts)IN the past two decades, maintenance hemodialysis (MH) for end-stage renal disease has evolved dramatically, from a tentative treatment for a small, carefully selected group of patients in Seattle,1 to a broadly applied therapy that sustains the lives of more than 80,000 patients throughout the world. Burton reported that more than 35,000 patients with end-stage renal disease were under treatment in the United States in 1978, and the number is increasing by almost 7000 per year.2 The number of patients receiving federal aid for MH is expected to reach a plateau at 55,000 to 60,000 by . . .
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Reply
Authors: Sunil G. Sheth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 September 1997Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: ReplySunil G. Sheth, MD, Fredric D. Gordon, MD, and Sanjiv Chopra, MDSunil G. Sheth, MDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this author, Fredric D. Gordon, MDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this author, and Sanjiv Chopra, MDBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-5-199709010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Drs. Redlich and Cullen for mentioning the importance of obtaining a history of occupational and environmental exposure during evaluation of patients suspected of having liver disease. Some, but not all, of the features of NASH can be present in patients chronically exposed to organic solvents. At our institution, pathologists report liver biopsy specimens as being consistent with “toxic and/or metabolic injury” and do not necessarily use the term “NASH.” This is a further reminder to clinicians that a thorough occupational history should be obtained in all these patients.We read with interest Dr. Akpunonu's description of ...References1. Van Ness MM, Diehl AM. Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes? Ann Intern Med. 1989; 111:473-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1997Volume 127, Issue 5Page: 411KeywordsBiopsyFatty liverLiverLiver fibrosisNonalcoholic steatohepatitisOverweightPathologistsPatient advocacyPositive predictive valueSerum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase Issue Published: 1 September 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Treatment of Infected Burns
Authors: B. C. Murless
Journal: BMJ (1940)

in two hours from 454,000 to 306,000 per c.mm., but were back to normal within twenty-four hours.As the choice of acetone by Troland and Lee appeared to be purely arbitrary we then tried the effect of an extract made by emulsification of normal spleen in Ringer's solution in the cold for twenty-four hours and subsequent centrifuging.This spleen was obtained post mortem from a child aged 3 who died from cerebellar decompression.Of this extract 5 c.cm. had no obvious effect, but 20 c.cm., corresponding to 10 grammes of fresh spleen, reduced the platelets appreciably.Summary The acetone extract of a thrombocytopenic spleen reduced the platelets of a rabbit more powerfully than an acetone extract of a normal spleen.A Ringer extract of normal spleen was more effective in reducing platelets than the acetone extract of normal spleen, and it appears desirable to determine the optimum conditions for extracting platelet-lowering sub- stance from normal spleen before comparing the conditions in health and disease.