tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Marcus Aurelius ("Aurel") Stefan
Authors: E. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Gateshead-on-Tyne (b 1911; q Prague, 1938), d 4 January 2003.

In 1939 Aurel escaped initially on skis over the Carpathian Mountains, then through Hungary and Yugoslavia to Beirut, and finally to France, where he joined the Czech Brigade of the Free Forces. Following the fall of France he came to Britain and served with a Czech squadron. In 1944 he was assigned to the Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, where he worked as a surgeon treating badly burned airmen. Repatriated to his homeland in 1946 he worked in the plastic surgery unit in Prague. When work under the communist regime proved intolerable, he returned to Britain in 1947, acquiring British citizenship in 1951. From 1947 until retirement in 1976 he worked in general practice. He leaves a wife, Ellen, and five children.
Location of the Journal.
Authors: N. S. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Chicago, Ill., July 13, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof the 11th inst. a Chicago correspondent wishes to change his vote on the permanent location of theJournalto Washington, D. C., and in stating his reasons, says: "Financially, as I notice from the advertising columns, the principal support of theJournalcomes from east of the Alleghenies, I do not see that theAssociationwould be any worse off." Such a statement led me to examine the facts on which it should rest. Doubtless the advertisements in theJournalvary more or less from week to week. In actually examining the advertisements in theJournalcontaining the letter of your correspondent I found considerably more advertising space occupied from west of the Alleghenies than from the east. Then turning to the more important source of financial support, that from members and subscribers, I found the last complete
Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase type I (PKG I) mediates cGMP inhibition but not muscarinic inhibition of single L-type Ca2+-channel activity in cardiac myocytes
Authors: Frank Schröder, Gunnar Klein, Michaela Bastein, Nicole Schnasse, Beate Fiedler, Anja Hillmer, Suzanne M. Lohmann, Helmut Drexler, Kai C. Wollert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The legitimacy of neurasthenia
Authors: P. D. Trautman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —In his interesting In Perspective on neurasthenia, Dr Martensen 1 omits depression as a latter-day explanation for living on a plane lower than normal. While depressive disorder was certainly recognized a century ago 2 and distinguished from neurasthenia, as recently as 1973 a leading psychiatric textbook noted that [m]oderate depression is the rule in neurasthenia. 3 Today, one sees an increasing number of patients seeking antidepressant medication for increasingly mild or vague symptoms—fatigue, exhaustion, weariness, mild headache, premenstrual syndrome, poor concentration, grumpiness, even a messy desktop. What Love 4 and Beard called neurasthenia, we sometimes call minor depression, dysthymia, depression not otherwise specified, or adjustment disorder with depressed mood. And when a patient denies depression but has symptoms of hypochondriasis, somatoform disorder, or even chronic fatigue, one also considers treatment with antidepressants. While Love and Beard called neurasthenia a disorder of the upper crust, Hollingshead and Redlich
Pentoxifylline Attenuated the Renal Disease Progression in Rats with Remnant Kidney
Authors: Shuei-Liong Lin, Yung-Ming Chen, Chiang-Ting Chien, Wen-Chih Chiang, Chien-Chen Tsai, Tun-Jun Tsai
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

ABSTRACT. Previous studies have reported that pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, attenuates experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. This study hypothesized that pentoxifylline could also attenuate the renal disease progression in rats with remnant kidney. After 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy, rats developed progressively elevated proteinuria and plasma creatinine, glomerulosclerosis, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis, all of which were attenuated by 40 to 60% by pentoxifylline. However, the elevated BP was not changed by pentoxifylline. Pentoxifylline reduced the upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene by 60% in the cortex of remnant kidney, as well as in a dose-dependent manner in the albumin- or angiotensin II-stimulated proximal tubular cells. It also reduced the upregulation of mitogenic and profibrogenic genes by 50%, including platelet-derived growth factor, fibroblast growth factor-2, transforming growth factor-β1, connective tissue growth factor, and types I and III collagen in the cortex of remnant kidney. Furthermore, pentoxifylline was found to decrease the numbers of interstitial myofibroblasts by 60% in the cortex of remnant kidney and suppress the proliferation of cultured interstitial fibroblasts. It also reduced the angiotensin II-induced or transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of connective tissue growth factor gene in cultured fibroblasts and mesangial cells. Combining pentoxifylline with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, almost completely attenuated the renal disease progression in rats with remnant kidney. In conclusion, pentoxifylline alone can attenuate the chronic renal disease progression. Its combination with cilazapril has the potential to prevent the renal disease progression almost completely.
Audit of ankle injuries in an accident and emergency department.
Authors: G J Packer, C C Goring, A D Gayner, A D Craxford
Journal: BMJ (1991)

To determine whether the treatment of ankle injuries in an accident and emergency department could be improved by an audit of existing treatment and the creation and use of a protocol.The study consisted of three parts: a review of the current treatment and published reports on treatment, the formation of a protocol, and a study of treatment after introducing the protocol.Accident and emergency department of a district general hospital.550 patients attending the department with ankle injuries over four months.The review of treatment showed that patients with fractures were detected and treated adequately, but most had radiography. Patients with ligamentous injuries may have been undertreated. After introducing the protocol the number of patients undergoing radiography was reduced from 205 (80%) to 186 (70%) (0.0027 less than p less than 0.01). In 87% of the notes reviewed the protocol had been completed. Sixty six patients with ligamentous injuries were reviewed in the department or soft tissue clinic compared with 20 before the protocol was introduced. There was a 53% reduction in inappropriate referrals to the fracture clinic (13 before v nine after).Using a protocol can, at little expense, improve the treatment of ankle injuries and reduce the cost of radiology in an accident and emergency department.Treatment of other conditions may be improved by introducing a protocol.
374 HSC-DIRECTED RHO-KINASE INHIBITION IS AN EFFECTIVE AND SAVE APPROACH FOR TREATMENT OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: S. Klein, M. Granzow, R. Schierwagen, S. Kilic, I. Heidari, S. Huss, M. Van Beuge, T. Sauerbruch, K. Poelstra, J. Trebicka
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The Logic of ESP
Authors: A. D. JONAS, D. F. KLEIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

The authors place extrasensory perception (ESP) in the field of psychology, using as a basis the possibility that ESP, like thought itself, is an emergent quality of brain tissue. While they describe the unscientific atmosphere surrounding these phenomena, they plead for an open mind toward ESP, citing its appearance throughout history and comparing the difficulty of measuring it with the difficulty of measuring psychological phenomena.
RT-38 * MAJOR CRITERIA TO SELECT PATIENTS FOR STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY FOLLOWING RESECTION OF BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: K. Wu, P. Rava, S. Sioshansi, T. FitzGerald, T. DiPetrillo, D. Wazer, J. Wu, J. Mignano, J. Hepel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) following resection of brain metastases is well-tolerated, provides excellent local control and reserves whole-brain radiation therapy for high volume CNS recurrence. We identified criteria to facilitate appropriate candidate selection for SRS based on CNS recurrence and overall survival (OS). METHODS: From 2002-2010, individuals with a KPS >70 who received SRS to the resection cavity for brain metastases were evaluated. The target encompassed the entire cavity defined on MRI, and was treated using Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Follow-up included clinical exam and MRI at 2-3 month intervals. CNS failure was defined by imaging or pathology. Factors predicted to impact OS and CNS control were assessed using log-rank and Cox-regression analyses. RESULTS: 151 consecutive patients with a median follow-up of 5.3 months were identified. Local control was >90% at 1 year and >80% at 2 years. Median OS was 14.2 months with 19% 5-year survival. Patients without systemic disease and those with single metastasis survived significantly longer. Median time to regional CNS failure was 14.5 months. Systemic disease overwhelmingly predicted regional CNS recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that absence of systemic disease, a single brain metastasis and age were associated with improved OS and regional CNS control. We identified 3 groups: single brain lesion without systemic disease, >2 brain lesions without systemic disease, and those with systemic disease, that predicted OS and CNS control. Median OS was 16.5, 18.3, and 8.1 months, respectively (p < 0.001) and median time to CNS recurrence was 32.8, 15.7 and 8.7 months, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: This represents the largest study of SRS following resection of brain metastases. Excellent long-term local control, survival and regional CNS control can be achieved in select patients. Major criteria to identify treatment candidates should include systemic disease status as well as number of brain lesions.
Immunological Aspects of Intrauterine Transfusion
Authors: W. R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Two cases of intrauterine transfusion were studied with reference to the viability and fate of donor lymphocytes. In one of the infants donor lymphocytes were found in cord blood in significant numbers, suggesting the presence of a degree of immunological tolerance. Though lymphocyte chimerism may occur after foetal transfusion, the absence of associated graft-versus-host reactions in the great majority of babies so treated implies that an immunological protection mechanism develops by at least the second half of gestation.Cord serum immunoglobulins were normal in both cases except for the presence of IgA, presumably due to the passive transfer of donor protein.The opportunity afforded by intrauterine transfusion for the study of foetal immunology is stressed. It is suggested that, in our present state of knowledge and in view of the small risk of graft-versus-host reaction, such studies should have precedence over efforts to remove immunologically active cells and protein from transfusion blood, especially since such efforts may impair the efficacy of the procedure.
Diagnostic value of routine exercise testing in hospital patients with angina pectoris.
Authors: J A Raffo, I Y Luksic, C T Kappagoda, D A Mary, J B Stoker, W Whitaker, R J Linden
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A group of patients with angina pectoris were investigated prospectively using a simple and well-recognised exercise test protocol, and S-T segment displacements during exercise were correlated with the results of coronary arteriography. Definitive exercise results in 100 patients correlated well with findings on coronary angiograms: 69 out of 70 patients with positive exercise test results had significant coronary disease on angiography, while 23 out of 30 with negative exercise test results had no significant coronary disease. In six patients a period of physical training changed indeterminate initial tests to definitive ones after the training. These results show that the use of a widely available exercise test and a light physical training programme, with rigid adherence to the protocol, can reduce the overall demand on coronary arteriography.
Effect of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy on Bile Lithogenicity in Patients with Gallbladder In Situ
Authors: F. X. Caroli-Bosc, J. C. Montet, L. Salmon, J. F. Demarquay, R. Dumas, A. M. Montet, J. L. Bernard, J. P. Delmont
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Endoscopic sphincterotomy is widely employed to remove common bile duct stones. This procedure is used in patients with residual lithiasis who have undergone cholecystectomy, and in patients with an intact gallbladder who have high operative risks. Cholestasis, which is associated with choledocholithiasis, induces an accumulation of bile acids in the liver. A large concentration of hydrophobic bile acids in the hepatocytes significantly reduces cholesterol catabolism [1] via a down-regulation of the 7-α-hydroxylase activity [2] [3]. Moreover, during cholestasis bile salt secretion is low and the relative proportions of bile salts, lecithin, and cholesterol in bile can result in the formation of highly cholesterol-supersaturated hepatic bile [4].
The B cell antigen receptor of class IgD induces a stronger and more prolonged protein tyrosine phosphorylation than that of class IgM.
Authors: K M Kim, M Reth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Most mature B lymphocytes coexpress two classes of antigen receptor, immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgD. The differences in the signal transduction from the two receptors are still a matter of controversy. We have analyzed B cell lines expressing IgM or IgD antigen receptors with the same antigen specificity. Cross-linking of these receptors with either antigen, or class-specific antibodies, results in the activation of protein tyrosine kinases and the phosphorylation of the same substrate proteins. The kinetic and the intensity of phosphorylation, however, was quite different between the two receptors when they were cross-linked by antigen. In membrane IgM-expressing cells, the substrate phosphorylation reached a maximum after 1 minute and diminished after 60 minutes whereas, in the membrane IgD-expressing cells, the substrate phosphorylation increased further over time, reached its maximum at 60 minutes, and persisted longer than 240 minutes after exposure to antigen. As a result, the intensity of protein tyrosine phosphorylation induced by cross-linking of membrane IgD was stronger than that induced by membrane IgM. Studies of chimeric receptors demonstrate that only the membrane-proximal C domain and/or the transmembrane part of membrane-bound IgD molecule is required for the long-lasting substrate phosphorylation. Together, these data suggest that the signal emission from the two receptors is controlled differently.
Sri Lanka: health as a weapon of war?
Authors: S. Suntharalingam
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In 2003 I worked as an overseas volunteer doctor for six months in the Tamil north. That is when I realised the extent of the physical and psychological trauma that the Tamil people had faced during Sri Lanka’s 30 year civil war. Throughout the conflict successive governments have used access to medicines as a weapon of war against the Tamils who were living outside the military controlled areas in the Tamil north east of the island (http://reliefweb.int/rw/RWFiles2007.nsf/FilesByRWDocUnidFilename/RMOI-7CU24Q-full\_report.pdf/$File/full\_report.pdf). The recent conflict, which began in 2006, is no different.

Since 2006 the Sri Lankan government and its armed forces have systematically blocked the provision of clean water, shelter, food, and medicines by civil organisations as well as local and international non-governmental organisations (NGOs) (www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=19300). In 2008 all international NGOs working in the northern region of Vanni, including Medecins Sans Frontieres, were ordered out. It became a war without any witnesses.

In December 2004 the Boxing Day tsunami brought more death and destruction to people who were already …
1131-141 Transesophageal echocardiographic risk markers of thromboembolism are present in patients with lone atrial fibrillation
Authors: Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Nadia Benyounes, Stephane Ederhy, Olivier Belliard, Franck Boccara, Ariel Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Isotope-Dilution Assay for Urinary Methylmalonic Acid in the Diagnosis of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>Deficiency
Authors: DAVID B. MATCHAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Vitamin B12 deficiency is a frequently considered diagnosis for which there is no single, commonly available and accurate test. A urinary methylmalonic acid assay using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been proposed as the preferred test. We reviewed vitamin B12 assays on 1599 consecutive patients and prospectively studied all patients with low serum B12 levels (n = 75) and a random sample of patients with normal levels (n = 68). Of 96 evaluable patients, 7 had clinical deficiency. All 7 deficient patients had urinary methylmalonic acid levels greater than 5 µ/mg creatinine (sensitivity, 100%; confidence interval, 65% to 100%). Of the 89 patients who were not clinically deficient, 88 had urinary methylmalonic acid levels less than or equal to 5 µ/mg creatinine (specificity, 99%). The overall test accuracy in this population was 99%. If the high sensitivity and specificity of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for urinary methylmalonic acid is supported by other clinical studies, the methylmalonic acid assay may become the reference standard for the diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency.
HLA-D region genes and rheumatoid arthritis (RA): importance of DR and DQ genes in conferring susceptibility to RA.
Authors: D P Singal, D Green, B Reid, D D Gladman, W W Buchanan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The distribution of HLA-D region antigens was studied in three groups (I, IIa, and IIb) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA): group I comprised 43 patients with mild, non-progressive RA, controlled by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without progression or erosions; group II comprised 94 patients with severe disease, who had earlier been treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and all had incomplete response requiring treatment with gold (sodium aurothiomalate). Of these, 46 patients (group IIa) responded to gold and the disease was well controlled, and the remaining 48 patients (group IIb) did not respond to gold and developed gold induced toxic reactions, including thrombocytopenia or proteinuria, or both. HLA-D region antigens were defined by serological and molecular (Southern blot analysis and oligonucleotide typing) techniques. The results show that DR4 was significantly increased in all three groups of patients. The prevalence of DR1, or DR1 in DR4 negative patients, and DR3 and DR4 associated DQw7 specificities, however, showed differences in these three groups of patients. The prevalence of DR1 and of DR1 in DR4 negative patients was increased only in patients with mild (group I) RA, but not in patients with severe (groups IIa and IIb) disease. On the other hand, the prevalence of DR4 associated DQw7 was significantly increased in patients with severe disease, but not in patients with mild RA. In addition, DR3 was significantly increased only in patients with severe disease who developed gold induced toxic reactions (group IIb). These data suggest that the HLA-D region genes which cause susceptibility to mild RA may be different from those causing susceptibility to severe RA. The results suggest that both DR and DQ (A, B) genes may be important in conferring susceptibility to RA: DR in mild disease and DQ in severe RA.
Suppression of Stem Cells
Authors: Martin J. Cline
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Diseases that result from immunologic destruction of mature, fully differentiated blood cells are familiar to most of us. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and certain acquired neutropenias have long been recognized as immunologic disorders. That other diseases result from an immunologic attack on immature hematopoietic precursor cells has been suspected but difficult to prove until recently. In the past few years, new technics for growing bone-marrow precursor cells in vitro have evolved, and we now can grow in petri dishes precursor cells for the erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic and lymphocytic cell lineages1 and even multipotent human stem cells.2 With these . . .
677 Hepatic gene expression analysis in acute alcoholic hepatitis identifies nadph oxidase and GRO-α as potential therapeutical targets
Authors: J. Colmenerol, R. Bataller, P. Sancho-Bru, J.C. Garcia-Pagan, R. Miquel, M. Moreno, J. Bosch, V. Arroyo, J. Caballeria, P. Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Blue Light and Milk
Authors: David A. Morowitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

On Being a Doctor19 June 2001Blue Light and MilkDavid A. Morowitz, MDDavid A. Morowitz, MDDr. Morowitz: Washington Hospital Center; Washington, DC 20010Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-12-200106190-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail While it doesn't seem important now that I can't remember the exact date or even the month it happened, it seems significant that I was nearing the end of a medical fellowship and that the weather then was clear and cold. And since my son was about 5 months old, the special night related here must have been in early winter, perhaps January. Yet while his age and the time of year are related to the quality and simple events of that night, it is what I learned about filial love and fatherhood that remains so precise and crisp in ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dr. Morowitz: Washington Hospital Center; Washington, DC 20010Corresponding Author: David A. Morowitz, MD, Physicians Building, Washington Hospital Center, 106 Irving Street NW, Washington, DC 20010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoBlue Light and Milk Alice M. Godfrey Metrics Cited byBlue Light and MilkAlice M. Godfrey, MD 19 June 2001Volume 134, Issue 12Page: 1148-1149KeywordsEmotionsHand strengthHearingInfantsMilkReflexesShouldersThoraxVisionYoung adults ePublished: 19 June 2001 Issue Published: 19 June 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Place of Dermatology in a General Hospital
Authors: H. R. Vickers
Journal: BMJ (1960)

Previous Watson Smith lecturers have all given learned discourses on some branch of dermatology, and as Sydney Thomson in 1958 covered so magnificently the facet of skin disease in which I am specially interested I felt justified in breaking new ground in trying to present to this College the position occupied by dermatology to-day, with particular relation to the other branches of medicine.I also feel justified in doing this because I am sure that it is a subject which would have interested the founder of this lecture.Watson Smith began his medical career in Dundee, but after some years migrated to Bournemouth.where he practised as a general physician with an interest in disease of the skin.I have tried to trace
A bioengineered 3D ovarian cancer model for the assessment of peptidase–mediated enhancement of spheroid growth and intraperitoneal spread
Authors: Daniela Loessner, Simone C. Rizzi, Kathryn S. Stok, Tobias Fuehrmann, Brett Hollier, Viktor Magdolen, Dietmar W. Hutmacher, Judith A. Clements
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Does the heart failure influence heart rate variability in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis
Authors: T. Mularek‐Kubzdela, P. Breborowicz, L. Krasnik, W. Skorupski, T. Podzerek, K. Blaszyk, W. Seniuk, K. Wroblewska, S. Grajek, A. Cieslinski
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)