tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TINNITUS AURIUM AND VERTIGO AS PROMINENT SYMPTOMS OF LITHÆMIA.
Authors: GEORGE H. LYMAN
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read before the Section for Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Hygiene of the Suffolk District Medical Society, November 14, 1883] There is, perhaps, no class of patients coming under der a physician's observation, which are more troublesome some than those cases of gastric and hepatic derangement due to the lithic acid diathesis, so-called. The functional disturbances are so associated with nervous phenomena, as to render the sufferer impatient and intractable, skeptical of your assertion that he has no serious organic disease, and ready to try every nostrum and accept every diagnosis but the true one from the numerous professional and lay friends whose sympathy he seeks. Although lithæmia, lithuria, lithiasis, etc., have now become tolerably familiar terms to the profession, the whole subject still remains more or less obscure, especially the subjective semiology and the relative importance of the renal and hepatic pathology. The true nature of the affection often escapes
52 DESCRIPTION OF AN AUTOMATED LOW-FLOW ASCITES (ALFA) PUMP SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY ASCITES IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS. PRELIMINARY REPORT
Authors: P. Bellot, M. Welker, G. Soriano, M. von Schaewen, B. Appenrodt, R. Weist, R. Tzonev, S. Handshiev, C. Verslype, S. Zeuzem, C. Moench, C. Guarner, E. Schott, T. Sauerbruch, A. Petrov, K. Katzarov, F. Nevens, J. Such
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Exenatide and Rare Adverse Events
Authors: Pablo Cure, Antonello Pileggi, Rodolfo Alejandro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

We received 1610 responses, from 85 countries, for this medical mystery.Sixty-two percent of respondents were physicians in practice, 21% were physicians in training, and 12% were medical students.Of the respondents, 65% identified some type of diaphragmatic hernia on the radiograph, which revealed a retrocardiac gastric shadow (Panel A).Specifically, 46% suggested a hiatal hernia, and 13% proposed another type of diaphragmatic defect such as Bochdalek's or Morgagni's hernia; 6% correctly identified gastric volvulus.The remaining 35% of respondents suggested a variety of diagnoses, including aortic aneurysm, Boerhaave's syndrome, Zenker's diverticulum, thymoma, pulmonary abscess, and achalasia.
Methyldopa for Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Sheldon G. Sheps
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Methyldopa is an enzyme inhibitor and an effective antihypertensive agent in man. In a study of 33 hypertensive patients, mean blood pressure levels were reduced more than 10% for the sitting position in 61%, and for the standing position in 71%. There were indications of liver damage in seven patients, probable drug fever in one, fluid retention in four, and aggravation of angina pectoris in two. The best indication for the use of methyldopa appeared to be renal insufficiency in hypertensive patients. The authors hesitate to advocate other than investigational use of this drug until the significance of its effects on the heart and liver are more clearly established.
Inflammation Imaging Using Tc-99m Dextran
Authors: ASEEM BHATNAGAR, AJAY KUMAR SINGH, THAKURI SINGH, RAVINDER SINGH SETHI, NAKSE LAL SONI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Tc-99m dextran has been shown to have inflammation imaging capability. Two cases are presented: one with Meckel's diverticulum and another with osteomyelitis. In both, the agent correctly identified the abnormal sites. It appeared to be better than Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tc-99m MDP in these conditions. Its nonprotein nature, easy and stable tagging, and good target-to-nontarget ratio make it a practical inflammation imaging radiotracer.
The Evolution of a Brain Abscess The Complementary Roles of Radionuclide (RN) and Computed Tomography (CT) Scans
Authors: ELMO F. MASUCCI, BERTRAM J. L. SAUERBRUNN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Serial Tc-99m glucoheptonate brain scans demonstrated a brain abscess in a patient from the earliest phase of acute focal encephalitis (cerebritis) through the capsule formation and the recovery phase. The role of the RN and CT scans in the diagnosis of the early stage of cerebritis and the complementary nature of RN and CT scans in intracranial infections, particularly abscesses, are discussed. Guidelines for the use of RN and CT scans are suggested.
Effects of Sugar on Behavior in Children
Authors: Michael F. Jacobson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Wohlraich and colleagues<sup>1</sup>concluded on the basis of a meta-analysis of 23 studies that "sugar does not affect the behavior or cognitive performance of children." However, several factors argue for a more qualified interpretation of the data. The authors based their conclusion on the mean effect observed in each of the studies examined. That approach averaged children in whom sugar had no effect, a stimulatory effect, or a quieting effect. If only a minority of children in the studies were truly sensitive to sugar, it could easily have been obscured by this averaging. In one study<sup>2</sup>(not included in the meta-analysis) of 21 boys, the majority became less active when exposed to sugar, but three became more active. Limiting the meta-analysis to studies in which means, SDs, or other statistical measures were provided and using those measures as the sole indication of whether sugar
Prevalence of Obesity and Diabetes in Patients With Cryptogenic Cirrhosis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Asma Poonawala, Satheesh P. Nair, Paul J. Thuluvath
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

It has recently been suggested that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an under-recognized cause of cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) on the basis of higher prevalence of obesity and type II diabetes among these patients. To test this hypothesis, we studied 65 consecutive patients with advanced cirrhosis (Child-Pugh Score >/= 7) of undetermined etiology (CC) from our active waiting list for liver transplantation in January 1993, 1996, and 1999. For each patient, we selected 2 age- and sex-matched controls from the corresponding lists. The prevalence of obesity (defined as body mass index [BMI] >/= 30) and diabetes were compared between the groups. Sixteen patients (and their 32 controls) with CC were excluded as further review of records suggested other possible etiologies. Thus, the final analysis included 49 patients and 98 controls. The etiology of cirrhosis in the control group was alcohol in 16.3%, chronic viral hepatitis in 30.6%, autoimmune hepatitis in 8.2%, and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary sclerosing cholangitis in 35.7%. The prevalence of obesity (55% vs. 24%) and type II diabetes (47% vs. 22%) was significantly higher in patients with CC compared with controls. Twenty-three percent of patients with CC had both obesity and diabetes compared with 5% among controls (P =.002). There was no difference in the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dL) between the groups. In conclusion, patients with advanced CC are more likely to be obese and diabetic compared with age- and sex-matched patients with advanced cirrhosis. This supports the hypothesis that NASH may be an etiological factor in some of the patients with CC.
Unraveling the Enigma of Seronegative Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Steven Vernino
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Betahistine‐induced bronchospasm
Authors: I. Jiménez, E. Antón, I. Picáns, J. Jerez
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Betahistine is a cerebral vasodilator structurally related to histamine, which stimulates H 1 bronchial and vascular receptors. We report the case of a 28‐year‐old female patient who presented bronchospasm during treatment with betahistine hydrochloride. The prick test was negative. The oral challenge test showed bronchospasm and urticarial lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of betahistine‐induced bronchospasm reported in the literature. The study carried out failed to reveal the mechanism of the reaction.
Future directions--toxicology studies of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene.
Authors: M G Bird
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Examination of a profile of data already existing on 1,3-butadiene shows adequate knowledge in many areas of toxicology that are conventionally required in hazard identification. However, while much progress has been made in areas of metabolism and pharmacokinetics, further studies would be worthwhile to improve mechanistic understanding such as the examination of alternate metabolic pathways, the generation of interspecies scaling factors, and an assessment of the relevance of various tumor sites. In this respect, data pertaining to repeated and pulse exposures of rodents and primates would be helpful. Another important aspect is the need to understand any human health implications of the observed 1,3-butadiene-induction of the murine leukemia virus. In this respect, studies have been pursued that include the comparison of leukemogenesis in congenetic strains, the leukemogenicity of viral isolates in rodent carcinogenicity and human cell culture studies, and the mechanisms of activation of ecotropic proviral sequences. Molecular epidemiological and toxicological research is ongoing in rodents and primates to evaluate hemoglobin adduct formation as an index of 1,3-butadiene exposure. Challenges of specificity, sensitivity, and simplification of current procedures need to be overcome. Recent mutagenicity and metabolism data suggest that structurally-related isoprene may have carcinogenic potential. The use of interstrain comparative studies and data in a second species is discussed, as well as proposed metabolism studies.
Surveillance and Prevention of Residential-Fire Injuries
Authors: Sue Mallonee, Gregory R. Istre, Mark Rosenberg, Malinda Reddish-Douglas, Fred Jordan, Paul Silverstein, William Tunell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The majority of severe and fatal burn injuries result from residential fires. We studied the effectiveness of a smoke-alarm–giveaway program in the prevention of burn injuries in an area with a high rate of such injuries.
The<i>Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs</i>
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

IN writing prescriptions, doctors may have recourse to the recently issued third edition of the AMA Drug Evaluations, the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) and probably some standard pharmacologic text. But what does a physician know about the OTC (overthe-counter) products that his patients — with or without his recommendation — may be obtaining at some pharmacy, cut-rate drug outlet, supermarket or general store? Does he know that some bulk laxatives contain per packet 250 mg of sodium, that some cold remedies and analgesics with aspirin also contain varying amounts of aluminum hydroxide that may interfere with the absorption of tetracyclines, . . .
120 FUNCTIONAL T CELL RESTORATION INDUCED BY PD-1/PD-L1 BLOCKADE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B AND C IS IMPROVED BY SIMULTANEOUS MODULATION OF THE CO-STIMULATORY CD137/CD137L PATHWAY
Authors: P. Fisicaro, S. Urbani, C. Valdatta, B. Amadei, P. Andreone, E. Loggi, M. Bernardi, E. Villa, G. Missale, C. Ferrari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
PEP005, a selective small-molecule activator of protein kinase C, has potent antileukemic activity mediated via the delta isoform of PKC
Authors: Peter Hampson, Hema Chahal, Farhat Khanim, Rachel Hayden, Anneke Mulder, Lakhvir Kaur Assi, Christopher M. Bunce, Janet M. Lord
Journal: Blood (2005)
The Importance of a Dental Examination in Head and Face Injuries
Authors: Marcy Shulman
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a consultant in traumatic dental injury cases for a major casualty company, I see many hospital reports. These, combined with a comprehensive roentgenographic study and oral examination, are the basis for my reports on which a patient's reimbursement for dental disability is assessed. Generally, major dental injuries are associated with accidents of the head and face and are most frequently seen and initially treated in the emergency room of a hospital. I have noted that, with very little exception, unless a facial fracture is suspected, no dental examination is undertaken or advised. Unless the patients have some indication that a need for this area of diagnosis is necessary, there may be a time-loss that could be detrimental, as the following case history illustrates. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 20-year-old man was injured in an auto accident and taken to the emergency room of a general hospital.
Why Physicians Should Oppose Boxing: An Interdisciplinary History Perspective
Authors: Jeffrey T. Sammons
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The pioneering studies in the 1920s by Harrison Martland, MD, of the physical effects of boxing are credited with initiating the medical debate on the sport.<sup>1</sup>In strictly health-related terms, this is true. Since the appearance of Martland's work, numerous articles and reports have pointed to boxing's physical dangers.<sup>2(pp247-251)</sup>Nonetheless, significant numbers of physicians remain unconvinced by what they consider inconclusive evidence or flawed studies. Consequently, physicians have sent mixed signals on the sport's dangers and, intendedly or not, become promoters of an indisputably violent activity.<sup>3</sup> Even before the tragic death of South Korean boxer Duk Koo Kim after a nationally televised championship fight against Ray "Boom Boom" Mancini in November 1982, the American Medical Association, troubled by the sport's obvious dangers, had commissioned a panel, under the auspices of its Council on Scientific Affairs, to investigate their extent and severity. As a result, the Council recommended
Co-existence of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and B hairy cell leukemia
Authors: Rossella Paolini, Alessandro Poletti, Emilio Ramazzina, Chiara Menin, Maria Santacatterina, Marco Montagna, Laura Bonaldi, Annarosa Del Mistro, Sergio Zamboni, Emma D'Andrea
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

A primary cutaneous form of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and a low grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that was classified as a variant of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were simultaneously diagnosed in a 79-year-old woman by both phenotypic and genotypic analyses. The coexistence of a T- and B-cell lymphoma in the same patient is rare, and, to our knowledge, this particular association has not been previously described. The patient was referred to our Department for evaluation of multiple cutaneous itchy, reddish plaques; laboratory analyses disclosed a lymphocytosis, that presented 6 years earlier. A bone marrow aspirate showed a 50% B-cell interstitial infiltrate, while a skin biopsy surprisingly revealed a PTCL. Clonality of both neoplastic processes was assessed by Southern blot analysis. The indolent clinical course of the cutaneous disease, and the low and stable number of circulating neoplastic T cells supported the diagnosis of a mycosis fungoides (MF)-like PTCL. Possible oncogenic events and/or putative underlying viral infections which could have played a role in the occurrence of B- and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in the same patient are discussed. Am. J. Hematol. 64:197–202, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Lasting Value of Clinical Skills
Authors: Donald C. Kern
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To assess the lasting value of clinical skills learned by residents in a subspecialty-oriented training program in internal medicine, we surveyed recent graduates. Graduates received a questionnaire contrasting separate ratings of the amount of training (preparation) they received during residency with the importance of this training in subsequent career activities. Topics included 12 traditional medical disciplines, 15 areas related to the practice of medicine, 15 allied medical disciplines, ten basic skill and knowledge areas, and 28 technical procedures. Response rate was 91.8% (56/61). Ninety-five percent of respondents had certification from the American Board of Internal Medicine, 80% had subspecialty training, and 89% rendered direct patient care. Fifty-six topics showed disparity between preparation and importance scores (45 with P less than .0001). For 14 categories, mainly technical procedures, disparate ratings suggested excessive programmatic emphasis, while for 42 categories, including history taking and physical examination, there may have been inadequate emphasis. These data suggest that basic clinical skills may require greater emphasis, even in traditional programs. The opinion of program graduates is an important resource in designing training programs in internal medicine.
Pulmonary Vascular Impedance in the Dog
Authors: DEREK H. BERGEL, WILLIAM R. MILNOR
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Pulmonary vascular hydraulic input impedance was measured in 13 anesthetized openchest dogs with normal sinus rhythm, and 2 dogs with surgically induced atrioventricular block, by means of electromagnetic flowmeters and strain gauge manometers of known frequency response. The linearity of the pulmonary bed was evaluated by measuring impedance while the heart rate, and hence the pulsatile input to the bed, was varied. The pulmonary bed behaved as a quasilinear system, within the limits of accuracy of the methods employed and the range of frequencies tested. The use of input impedance, or oscillatory pressure/flow ratio, to describe some characteristics of the bed is therefore justifiable, and analogies with linear models like the simple transmission line are not unreasonable. The characteristic input impedance averaged 3,094 dyne sec cm -5 kg, or about one-third the magnitude of the pulmonary vascular resistance, and was therefore a significant part of the total opposition that must be overcome in moving blood through the lungs. This impedance to pulsatile flow is not included in calculations of resistance from mean pressure and flow measurements. The pattern of the impedance spectrum suggested that reflections originating from arteries 1.0 mm and less in diameter play a large role in determining input impedance and its variations with frequency. Pulmonary vasoconstriction by 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) altered the impedance pattern in a manner consistent with increased wave reflection and displacement of the dominant reflecting sites to positions nearer the main pulmonary artery. Capillary compression by increased intra-alveolar pressure also increased reflection, but did not alter the sites of reflection significantly, providing further evidence that the normal impedance pattern and its modification by serotonin are both determined by the characteristics of the arterial part of the bed.
Experiences of Australian professional female tennis players returning to competition from injury
Authors: Janet A Young, Michelle D Pain, Alan J Pearce
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

This study examined the experiences of professional female tennis players returning to competition from injury.In a study commissioned by Tennis Australia, 55 Australian professional female tennis players responded anonymously to a questionnaire developed for the purposes of this study. The questionnaire consisted of open and closed questions that assessed a player's attribution style, the occurrence and effect of minor and major injuries, frequency and type of treatment sought, attitudinal chances following injury and preventative injury factors.The quantitative and qualitative analyses of participants' responses revealed players generally displayed an internal attribution style with the majority of minor injuries involving lower limb injuries (attributed to playing on hard surfaces). Players reported these injuries were addressed in a variety of ways including self-treatment. The majority of severe injuries were upper limb/shoulder and these were generally treated at tournament sites with some requiring surgery.Players adopted a range of measures to assist recovery from severe injury including the services of health professionals. In further findings, a player's attribution style was not a predictive variable, except in terms of the number of tournaments missed for minor injuries. Implications of the study's results and future research directions for cross-cultural studies are highlighted.
762 TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY (TE) IS MORE EFFECTIVE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF HCV PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED (F3-F4) RATHER THAN SIGNIFICANT (F2-F4) LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: U. Arena, F. Vizzutti, J.G. Abraldes, G. Corti, C. Stasi, S. Moscarella, S. Milani, E. Lorefice, A. Petrarca, G. Laffi, J. Bosch, F. Marra, M. Pinzani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Posterolateral Neck Texture (Insulin Neck)
Authors: Katie S. Payne, Ryan K. Rader, Guido Lastra, William V. Stoecker
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is so closely linked with insulin resistance (IR) that it has been called a clinical surrogate for laboratory-determined hyperinsulinemia.1 The presence of AN can therefore indicate patients with IR, allowing implementation of interventions that may prevent progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus.2 We report 30 patients who presented with elevated body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) to correlate IR with different AN physical findings.
Low blood pressure is unlikely to be complication of dementia process
Authors: V P Prasher, J A Blair
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Low blood pressure is unlikely to be complication of dementia process EDrrOR,-Zhenchao Guo and colleagues report an association between low blood pressure and different types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.' Adults with Down's syndrome have a high prevalence of Alzheimer's disease2; they also have significantly lower diastolic and systolic blood pressures than the general population.3We reviewed data from a five year prospective longi- tudinal study investigating aging in a cohort of adults with Down's syndrome to explore a possible association between low blood pressure and Alzheimer's disease.Measurements of blood pressure and evidence used in making a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to criteria in the International Classification of Diseases (10th revision)4 were available for 80 subjects aged over 45.Twenty one subjects fulfilled the criteria for Alzheimer's disease.The mean age of the group without dementia was 52.6 years and that of the group with dementia was 55.0 years (t=0.32,P=0.75).The mean systolic blood pressure was 109.5 mm Hg and 114.7 mm Hg respectively (t=1.6,P=0.25), and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 76.6 mm Hg and 75.9 mm Hg respectively (t=0.32,P=0.75).Thus there was no significant difference in either blood pressure between the two groups.Incessant hypoperfusion due to persistent low blood pressure in adults with Down's syndrome may predispose to the development of neuropathological changes of Alzheimer's disease.We found no evidence, however, that low blood pressure is a complication of the clinical demen- tia process in people with Down's syndrome.