tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relaxation, Autonomic Control and Hypertension
Authors: Francois M. Abboud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The study on psychotherapeutic control of hypertension by Stone and De Leo in this issue of the Journal is intriguing. Most clinicians and investigators would concur that rest and relaxation may lower arterial pressure, particularly in the early stages of hypertensive disease, and that the sympathetic nervous system is one of the factors involved in maintaining, if not triggering, hypertension. Thus, one tends to agree generally with the conclusions of Stone and De Leo, despite limitations of the experimental design.Two questions may be raised about the conclusions: Was psychologic relaxation the cause of the fall in blood pressure? Was . . .
"Lunch Syndrome," a Bone-Scanning Artifact: Case Report
Authors: BARBARA Y. CROFT, C D TEATES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

After a photon-deficient area in the region of the stomach under the ribs on the left side was noted in some bone-scanning patients, a successful attempt was made to produce the artifact by having a cooperative patient eat a large lunch. The comparison of the scans before and after lunch showed the presence of a postprandial artifact in the area in question. It is important not to confuse this artifact with a space-occupying avascular mass in that part of the abdomen.
557 Role of adaptive hepatobiliary transporter expression and regulation of bile acid synthetic enzymes in MDR2-/- Mice: A model for chronic cholestatic liver disease due to sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: M. Wagner, P. Fickert, G. Zollner, A. Fuchsbichler, J. Gumhold, D. Silbert, K. Zatloukal, G.L. Guo, H.U. Marschall, H. Denk, M. Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Abstract LB-207: IFN-Γ directly regulates ifi202B expression to maintain CTL proliferation potential and tumor rejection efficacy
Authors: Mary A. Zimmerman, Kebin Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A common procedure in human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) adoptive transfer cancer immunotherapy is to propagate tumor-specific CTLs in vitro using anti-CD3 mAb prior to transfer. One of the major impediments of CTL adoptive cancer immunotherapy is lack of CTL persistence in the tumor-bearing host after adoptive transfer. Therefore, maintaining CTL proliferation and persistence in the tumor microenvironment is of great significance in cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we observed that stimulation of tumor-specific CTLs with anti-CD3 mAb results in loss of proliferative potential and poor tumor-rejection efficacy in vivo, whereas, stimulation with tumor-specific antigen maintains CTL proliferative potential and persistence, leading to potent tumor rejection in an experimental lung metastasis mouse model. Analysis of genome-wide gene expression profile revealed that ifi202B, a gene with known function in regulating T cell proliferation and apoptosis, was dramatically up-regulated in antigen-stimulated but not in anti-CD3 mAb-stimulated CTLs. Furthermore, although both antigen- and anti-CD3 mAb-stimulated CTLs express similar level of IFN-Γ receptor, antigen stimulation led to rapid activation of STAT1, a key mediator of the IFN-Γ signaling pathway, whereas anti-CD3 mAb stimulation failed to activate STAT1. We further demonstrated that activated STAT1 binds to the promoter of ifi202b gene in T cells. Taken together, these observations suggest that IFN-Γ produced by the activated CTLs and the IFN-Γ signaling pathway plays a critical role in maintaining CTL proliferation and persistence in the tumor microenvironment through regulating ifi202B. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-207.
High levels of serum complement factors in juvenille rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: H M Hoyeraal, O J Mellbye
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

Complement activation can cause phenomena in vitro related to inflammation (Muller-Eberhard, 1968), and there is evidence of complement activation in human diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults (Schur and Austen, 1968; Natvig and Winchester, 1969; Ruddy, Gigli, and Austen, 1972d).Patients with RA usually have diminished levels of complement in the synovial fluid (Hedberg, 1963; Pekin and Zvaifler, 1964), and in some cases low serum levels are found (Franco and Schur, 1971).Complement factors have also been demonstrated in immune complexes in synovial tissues from such patients (Rodman, Williams, Bilka, and Muller- Eberhard, 1967; Munthe and Natvig, 1971).A few studies of complement factors in sera from patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) have been reported (Schur and Austen, 1971-72).Wedgwood and Janeway (1953) reported raised values of total haemolytic complement activity (CH50) in eleven patients, but only during the initial active phase.Bianco, Panush, Stillman, and Schur (1971) confirmed this, and also reported a significantly lower CH50 level in latex-positive than in latex-negative patients, but the mean values of both groups were close to that of normal adults.Further, they found that three seropositive patients had higher levels of Clq and C3, and significantly lower levels of C4 than thirteen seronegative patients.No reference to corre- sponding levels in healthy individuals was given.Ruddy, Matsuura, Stillman, and Austen (1971) found supranormal CH50 values in five of sixteen patients with JRA, no elevation of Clq, moderate elevation of C4 and C2, and markedly supranormal C9 levels, compared with healthy adults.Since these previous studies did not apparently include adequate controls matched for age and sex, we have studied the complement system in patients with JRA and in matched healthy subjects.The purpose of this presentation is to give the results of quantitation of CH50, Clq, C4, and C3.(AE-Globulin immunodiffusion plates (Behringwerke, Marburg, Germany), and the plates were read after 2 days.
Abstract CT416: Intratumoral administration of an Oncolytic Polio/Rhinovirus Recombinant (PVSRIPO) in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM): Preliminary results of the Phase I clinical trial
Authors: Annick Desjardins, J H. Sampson, K B. Peters, T Ranjan, G Vlahovic, S Threatt, J E. Herndon, S Boulton, D Lally-Goss, F McSherry, A Friedman, H S. Friedman, D D. Bigner, M Gromeier
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: PVSRIPO is the live attenuated, oral (SABIN) serotype 1 poliovirus vaccine containing a heterologous internal ribosomal entry site stemming from human rhinovirus type 2. An oncofetal cell adhesion molecule and tumor antigen widely expressed ectopically in malignancy, nectin-like molecule-5, is recognized by PVSRIPO. We report the preliminary results of a phase I clinical trial evaluating the intratumoral administration via convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of PVSRIPO. Methods: Eligibility criteria for adult patients included: recurrent supratentorial GBM; 1-5 cm in diameter; ≥1cm away from the ventricles; ≥4 weeks after chemotherapy, bevacizumab (BEV) or study drug; adequate organ function; KPS &amp;gt;70%; and positive anti-poliovirus titer. Dose was rapidly escalated using a two-step continual reassessment method with anticipated accrual of 1 patient each on dose levels 1-4, and up to 21 patients at dose level 5. Results: Thus far, ten patients have been treated (1 each at levels 1 and 3, 2 at level 2, 2 at level 4, 4 at level 5). One dose limiting toxicity (patient #8) was observed at level 5, a grade 4 intracranial hemorrhage at the time of catheter removal, which required de-escalation to level 4. Grade 3 adverse events possibly related to study include hemiparesis (n=1) and lymphopenia (n=1). No grade 5 study related adverse events were observed. Eight patients remain alive, with two patients now 20 and 19 months post PVSRIPO, respectively. Two patients having previously failed BEV died six months post-infusion after initiating hospice care due to persistence of baseline neurologic deficits. After observing prolonged steroid use in 5 of 7 patients treated on dose levels 3 to 5 and after results of new immunogenic analysis became available, it was agreed upon that dose level 2 is probably the optimal dose level. The study has been amended to treat a total of 6 patients at dose level 2. Conclusion: Infusion of PVSRIPO via CED in the clinical setting is safe thus far and observed efficacy outcomes are intriguing. Dose expansion at dose level 2 is ongoing. Citation Format: Annick Desjardins, J H. Sampson, K B. Peters, T Ranjan, G Vlahovic, S Threatt, J E. Herndon, S Boulton, D Lally-Goss, F McSherry, A Friedman, H S. Friedman, D D. Bigner, M Gromeier. Intratumoral administration of an Oncolytic Polio/Rhinovirus Recombinant (PVSRIPO) in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM): Preliminary results of the Phase I clinical trial. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr CT416. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-CT416
The Mitogen-Activated Protein/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Kinase Inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) Induces Growth Arrest in Melanoma Cells and Tumor Regression When Combined with Docetaxel
Authors: Nikolas K. Haass, Katrin Sproesser, Thiennga K. Nguyen, Rooha Contractor, C. Angelica Medina, Katherine L. Nathanson, Meenhard Herlyn, Keiran S.M. Smalley
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Disseminated melanoma is highly therapy resistant. The finding that 66% of melanomas harbor the activating BRAF(V600E) mutation has raised expectations for targeting the Ras/RAF/mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ERK pathway in melanoma. This study addresses the anti-melanoma activity of the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886).We recently have shown that growing melanoma cells as three-dimensional collagen-implanted spheroids enhances resistance to the MEK inhibitor U0126. Here, we investigated the anti-melanoma activity of AZD6244 in two-dimensional cell culture, the three-dimensional spheroid model, and an in vivo model.In two-dimensional cell culture, AZD6244 was cytostatic and reduced the growth of melanoma cells in a concentration-dependent fashion through the induction of G(1)-phase cell cycle arrest. In our three-dimensional spheroid model, the effects of AZD6244 were largely cytostatic and reversible, with drug washout leading to spheroid regrowth. Finally, 1205Lu cells were grown as tumor xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice. After tumor establishment, mice were dosed twice daily with 0, 10, or 30 mg/kg AZD6244 p.o. AZD6244 treatment decreased phospho-ERK in the tumors and significantly suppressed tumor growth. The original tumors remained viable, suggesting that AZD6244 monotherapy was largely cytostatic, and not proapoptotic in this model. Further studies showed that co-administration of AZD6244 (30 mg/kg) with docetaxel (15 mg/kg) led to tumor regression, indicating the potential for MEK inhibitor/chemotherapy drug combinations.Inhibition of MEK is cytostatic as a monotherapy in melanoma, but cytotoxic when combined with docetaxel.
Lymphocyte activation by monovalent fragments of antibodies reactive with cell surface carbohydrates.
Authors: B A Sela, J L Wang, G M Edelman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

Antibodies reactive with cell surface carbohydrates were isolated from normal chicken serum and were found to be mitogenic for mouse splenic lymphocytes as assayed by both blast transformation and [3H]thymidine incorporation. The Fab' fragments of these carbohydrate-binding immunoglobulins were just as mitogenic as the divalent native antibody. Moreover, succinylated Fab' fragments, which probably would not form self-associating aggregates, showed similar mitogenic properties. All of these results indicate that, at least for saccharide-specific ligands, multipoint attachment and receptor cross-linkage on the cell to which the ligand is attached may not be a stringent requirement for activation.
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections
Authors: Philip C. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Medical mycology once was characterized by recondite scholarship and ornate line drawings of fungi. As in all medicine, the old medical mycology is being replaced by the new, because highly effective therapy, specific diagnostic tests, and notable biochemical advances have transformed the field. Clinically valuable information is emerging about the modulation of species and the mechanisms by which fungi invade human tissues. Understanding the human defenses and responses to pathogenic fungi involves new concepts in immunology that are necessary in the modern medical care for the seriously ill patient. Concerning all this vast change, the physician should be properly curious. This book, composed of 41 very unequal articles, only satisfies a little of this curiosity.  For the experienced dermatologist, the text offers concise reviews of several systemic mycoses, some new and useful clinical facts, and such surprising pieces as a 15-page history of pityriasis versicolor, and an elaborate study of
Genomic Profiling of Chondrosarcoma: Chromosomal Patterns in Central and Peripheral Tumors
Authors: Karolin H. Hallor, Johan Staaf, Judith V.M.G. Bovée, Pancras C.W. Hogendoorn, Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen, Sakari Knuutila, Suvi Savola, Tarja Niini, Otte Brosjö, Henrik C.F. Bauer, Fredrik Vult von Steyern, Kjell Jonsson, Mikael Skorpil, Nils Mandahl, Fredrik Mertens
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Histologic grade is currently the best predictor of clinical course in chondrosarcoma patients. Grading suffers, however, from extensive interobserver variability and new objective markers are needed. Hence, we have investigated DNA copy numbers in chondrosarcomas with the purpose of identifying markers useful for prognosis and subclassification.The overall pattern of genomic imbalances was assessed in a series of 67 chondrosarcomas using array comparative genomic hybridization. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the significance of alterations detected in subgroups based on clinical data, morphology, grade, tumor size, and karyotypic features. Also, the global gene expression profiles were obtained in a subset of the tumors.Genomic imbalances, in most tumors affecting large regions of the genome, were found in 90% of the cases. Several apparently distinctive aberrations affecting conventional central and peripheral tumors, respectively, were identified. Although rare, recurrent amplifications were found at 8q24.21-q24.22 and 11q22.1-q22.3, and homozygous deletions of loci previously implicated in chondrosarcoma development affected the CDKN2A, EXT1, and EXT2 genes. The chromosomal imbalances in two distinct groups of predominantly near-haploid and near-triploid tumors, respectively, support the notion that polyploidization of an initially hyperhaploid/hypodiploid cell population is a common mechanism of chondrosarcoma progression. Increasing patient age as well as tumor grade were associated with adverse outcome, but no copy number imbalance affected metastasis development or tumor-associated death.Despite similarities in the overall genomic patterns, the present findings suggest that some regions are specifically altered in conventional central and peripheral tumors, respectively.
Effects of mineral fibers on the expression of genes whose product may play a role in fiber pathogenesis.
Authors: T Tsuda, Y Morimoto, H Yamato, H Nakamura, H Hori, N Nagata, M Kido, T Higashi, I Tanaka
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

To determine which factors are useful for the risk assessment of man-made fibers, we examined the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, growth factors, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in mineral fiber-exposed rats by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Male Wistar rats received a single intratracheal instillation of either saline (control) or two types of fibers (2 mg of Union Internationale Centre le Cancer (UICC) chrysotile or alumina silicate refractory ceramic fiber [RCF]). Expression of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), platelet-deriving growth factor-A, (PDGF-A), platelet-deriving growth factor-B (PDGF-B), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), MnSOD, and iNOS mRNA from lung and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated alveolar macrophages (AM) were assessed by RT-PCR. Among these factors, IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, IL-6, bFGF, and iNOS would be the possible parameters for the risk assessment of fibers. In a follow-up study, we investigated the time course (3 days, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months) of expression of IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha by LPS-stimulated AM exposed to mineral fibers in vivo. Male Wistar rats were instilled intratracheally with saline or fibers (2 mg of Union Internationale Contre le Cancer UICC crocidolite or potassium octatitanate whisker [TW]). The expression of IL-1 alpha mRNA by fibers was greatest in TW, crocidolite, chrysotile, and RCF-instilled rat AM, in that order. The increase of IL-1 alpha and TNF-alpha mRNA in AM peaked at 1 month and 3 days after exposure to crocidolite or TW, respectively. The expression of IL-1 alpha by fibers (crocidolite, chrysotile, TW, and RCF) may be a good indicator of the pathologic potential of fibers.
Same-Day Discharge After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention—Reply
Authors: Sunil V. Rao, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peritoneoscopy in Hodgkin Disease
Authors: Morton Coleman
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Peritoneoscopy was used to evaluate the liver in 35 previously untreated patients with Hodgkin disease. Four were found to have hepatic involvement. Of the 31 patients with normal peritoneoscopies, only one had liver disease demonstrated subsequently at confirmatory exploratory laparotomy. The diagnostic accuracy of peritoneoscopy was 93% for patients at high risk for hepatic disease and 97% for all patients studied. Morbidity from the procedure was minimal. There was no mortality. Peritoneoscopy is a highly accurate staging procedure that should be considered as an antecedent or as an alternative to laparotomy in patients with Hodgkin disease. Its accuracy and minimal morbidity should be considered in the critical selection process of determining which individuals should undergo laparotomy. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2634-2636, 1976)
Nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in inflammatory arthritides.
Authors: H Sakurai, H Kohsaka, M F Liu, H Higashiyama, Y Hirata, K Kanno, I Saito, N Miyasaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

In this study, we have identified the source of nitric oxide (NO) produced in the human inflammatory joints by analyzing expression of inducible NO synthase. In ex vivo organ cultures, both inflammatory synovium and cartilage from patients with rheumatoid arthritis produced NO. The NO production was suppressed by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of NO synthase. The amount of NO produced by the synovium correlated with the proportion of CD14+ cells in the corresponding tissue (r = 0.8, P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis as well as in situ hybridization showed that inducible NO synthase was predominantly expressed in synovial lining cells, endothelial cells, chondrocytes, and to a lesser extent, in infiltrating mononuclear cells and synovial fibroblasts. The synovial lining cells and the infiltrating cells expressing inducible NO synthase were identified where CD14+ cells were located. Together with morphological features, this suggests that they are type A synoviocytes. NO production from freshly isolated synoviocytes and chondrocytes was up-regulated by in vitro stimulation with a combination of IL-TNF-beta, TNF-alpha, and LPS. In summary, the present results suggest that NO is produced primarily by CD14+ synoviocytes, chondrocytes, and endothelial cells in inflammatory joints of arthritides. NO production can be upregulated by cytokines present in inflamed joints. The increased NO production may thus contribute to the pathological features in inflammatory arthritides.
Adult onset Still's disease and related renal amyloidosis.
Authors: D Wendling, P G Humbert, C Billerey, T Fest, J L Dupond
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1991)

A 57 year old woman presented with clinical and biological features of adult onset Still9s disease. A kidney biopsy was performed at the onset of the condition and was found to be normal. Four years later, in view of a nephrotic syndrome, histopathological examination of a new kidney biopsy specimen was made and showed typical amyloid deposition. Renal amyloidosis was suspected in five previously reported cases but demonstrated by kidney biopsy in only two of them. In the present case renal amyloidosis was recorded after disease of four years9 duration. The normality of the first renal biopsy specimen suggests the possibility of a direct relation between amyloidosis and adult onset Still9s disease.
Effect of Chenodiol on the Small Intestine
Authors: Silvia Casanova
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To test whether long-term oral dosage with chenodiol (chenodeoxycholic acid) used for dissolution of cholesterol gallstones would cause impairment of small-intestinal structure or function, ten patients were studied before and after three months of oral chenodiol administration, 15 mg/kg of body weight per day. Small-intestinal structure was assessed by roentgenogram and intestinal biopsy, using both light and electron microscopy. Small-intestinal function was assessed by xylose, fat and vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, lactose, and bile-acid absorption. Bile acid metabolism was also characterized by the breath test for deconjugation using carbon dioxide labeled with radioactive carbon 14. No significant abnormalities were found. The results suggest that oral chenodiol administration does not impair intestinal structure or function in doses used for gallstone dissolution. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2597-2601)