tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intermittent Claudication
Authors: WILLIAM B. KANNEL, JOHN J. SKINNER, MELVIN J. SCHWARTZ, DEWEY SHURTLEFF
Journal: Circulation (1970)

A general population sample of adult men and women was followed biennially over 14 years during which time 79 men and 46 women developed initial symptoms of intermittent claudication. A detailed examination of the incidence of this manifestation of atherothrombosis in comparison to that of coronary heart disease and atherothrombotic brain infarction was undertaken. As for coronary heart disease (CHD), the incidence of intermittent claudication increased with age. Women lagged behind men by 10 years in incidence. Atherothrombotic brain infarction in contrast exhibited no male predominance and after the early sixties the women actually surged ahead. Uncomplicated angina, surprisingly, resembled brain infarction more than intermittent claudication in the age-sex trend. A pronounced increase in risk of intermittent claudication was noted for persons with CHD in general and angina in particular, suggesting a common underlying basis for claudication and coronary disease. The principal hazard for subjects with claudication appeared to derive from an increased propensity to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rather than from the consequences of impaired circulation to the limb. Risk of death was twofold for those with claudication as compared to those without.
Sequence elements required for transcriptional activity of the human myoglobin promoter in intact myocardium.
Authors: R Bassel-Duby, C M Grohe, M E Jessen, W J Parsons, J A Richardson, R Chao, J Grayson, W S Ring, R S Williams
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

To define sequence elements required for myoglobin gene transcription in the intact heart, we examined the expression of a reporter gene under the control of a 380-bp upstream segment (-373 to +7) from the human myoglobin gene in transgenic mouse embryos and after gene transfer into left ventricular myocardium of adult rats. This proximal upstream region was sufficient to direct expression of luciferase selectively in cardiac and skeletal muscle of mouse embryos and to recapitulate the pattern of expression of the endogenous mouse myoglobin gene. This same upstream region was transcriptionally active after injection of plasmid DNA into the left ventricular wall of adult rats. Point mutations within two evolutionarily conserved sequence elements--a cytosine-rich (CCAC-box) motif and an A+T-rich (A/T) motif--severely impaired transcription within the intact heart. Nuclear extracts from neonatal cardiomyocytes contain protein factors that bind to each of these elements in a sequence-specific manner. We conclude that combinatorial interactions between the cognate DNA binding factors that recognize these motifs are necessary for transcriptional activity of the myoglobin upstream region in cardiac muscle.
The Evolutionary Origins of Eukaryotic Protein Disulfide Isomerase Domains: New Evidence from the Amitochondriate Protist Giardia lamblia
Authors: Andrew G. McArthur, Leigh A. Knodler, Jeffrey D. Silberman, Barbara J. Davids, Frances D. Gillin, Mitchell L. Sogin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

A phylogenetic analysis of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) domain evolution was performed with the inclusion of recently reported PDIs from the amitochondriate protist Giardia lamblia, yeast PDIs that contain a single thioredoxin-like domain, and PDIs from a diverse selection of protists. We additionally report and include two new giardial PDIs, each with a single thioredoxin-like domain. Inclusion of protist PDIs in our analyses revealed that the evolutionary history of the endoplasmic reticulum may not be simple. Phylogenetic analyses support common ancestry of all eukaryotic PDIs from a thioredoxin ancestor and independent duplications of thioredoxin-like domains within PDIs throughout eukaryote evolution. This was particularly evident for Acanthamoeba PDI, Dictyostelium PDI, and mammalian erp5 domains. In contrast, gene duplication, instead of domain duplication, produces PDI diversity in G. lamblia. Based on our results and the known diversity of PDIs, we present a new hypothesis that the five single-domain PDIs of G. lamblia may reflect an ancestral mechanism of protein folding in the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum. The PDI complement of G. lamblia and yeast suggests that a combination of PDIs may be used as a redox chain analogous to that known for bacterial Dsb proteins.
A prospective, randomised, controlled trial using a Mg-hydroxyapatite - demineralized bone matrix nanocomposite in tibial osteotomy
Authors: Dante Dallari, Lucia Savarino, Ugo Albisinni, Piermaria Fornasari, Alberto Ferruzzi, Nicola Baldini, Sandro Giannini
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Increased release of ferritin and iron by iron-loaded alveolar macrophages in cigarette smokers.
Authors: L J Wesselius, M E Nelson, B S Skikne
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The lower respiratory tract of cigarette smokers contains an increased amount of iron that is predominantly sequestered within alveolar macrophages (AM), but is also present in alveolar epithelial fluid. Extracellular ferritin-bound iron could potentially be released by reductants present in cigarette smoke and catalyze generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals capable of causing oxidant injury. To determine whether AM are a source of alveolar extracellular ferritin and iron, we assessed in vitro release of iron, ferritin, and transferrin by AM recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of 27 healthy subjects including nine nonsmokers (NS), nine light smokers (LS), and nine heavy smokers (HS). Release of iron in vitro over 20 h was increased in AM recovered from LS (2.24 +/- 0.21 nmol/10(6) AM/20 h, p < 0.001) and HS (3.11 +/- 0.32 nmol/10(6) AM, p < 0.001) compared with NS (1.28 +/- 0.08 nmol/10(6) AM). Release of ferritin in vitro over 20 h was also increased in AM recovered from LS (71 +/- 24 ng/10(6) AM, p < 0.05) and HS (176 +/- 35 ng/10(6), p < 0.001) compared with NS (18 +/- 3 ng/10(6) AM). AM recovered from 12 smokers (8 HS, 4 LS) contained greater than 10 nmol of iron per 10(6) cells. These iron-loaded AM released a greater percentage of cell ferritin stores in vitro over 4 h (8.4% +/- 1.1, p < 0.01) than did AM from NS (3.2% +/- 0.6). Release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) over 4 h was substantially less (2.9% +/- 0.3, p < 0.001) than ferritin release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mutations in the gene encoding PDGF-B cause brain calcifications in humans and mice
Authors: Annika Keller, Ana Westenberger, Maria J Sobrido, Maria García-Murias, Aloysius Domingo, Renee L Sears, Roberta R Lemos, Andres Ordoñez-Ugalde, Gael Nicolas, José E Gomes da Cunha, Elisabeth J Rushing, Michael Hugelshofer, Moritz C Wurnig, Andres Kaech, Regina Reimann, Katja Lohmann, Valerija Dobričić, Angel Carracedo, Igor Petrović, Janis M Miyasaki, Irina Abakumova, Maarja Andaloussi Mäe, Elisabeth Raschperger, Mayana Zatz, Katja Zschiedrich, Jörg Klepper, Elizabeth Spiteri, Jose M Prieto, Inmaculada Navas, Michael Preuss, Carmen Dering, Milena Janković, Martin Paucar, Per Svenningsson, Kioomars Saliminejad, Hamid R K Khorshid, Ivana Novaković, Adriano Aguzzi, Andreas Boss, Isabelle Le Ber, Gilles Defer, Didier Hannequin, Vladimir S Kostić, Dominique Campion, Daniel H Geschwind, Giovanni Coppola, Christer Betsholtz, Christine Klein, Joao R M Oliveira
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Hermetic diamond capsules for biomedical implants enabled by gold active braze alloys
Authors: Samantha G. Lichter, Mathilde C. Escudié, Alastair D. Stacey, Kumaravelu Ganesan, Kate Fox, Arman Ahnood, Nicholas V. Apollo, Dunstan C. Kua, Aaron Z. Lee, Ceara McGowan, Alexia L. Saunders, Owen Burns, David A.X. Nayagam, Richard A. Williams, David J. Garrett, Hamish Meffin, Steven Prawer
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Single-Dose Treatment of Gonorrhea With Selected Antibiotic Agents
Authors: Thomas F. Keys
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Single-dose, injectable antigonorrheal agents were evaluated at Navy facilities in the Pacific region. One hundred and one of 103 patients receiving 2.4 million units of procaine penicillin G with orally administered probenecid, and 105 of 106 patients receiving 2 gm of ampicillin sodium with orally administered probenecid were cured of infection. Ninety-seven cures resulted from 105 patients treated with 2 gm of kanamycin sulfate, and 81 cures from 97 patients treated with 2 gm of cephaloridine. Eighty percent of the gonococcal strains from the Philippines and Japan were insensitive to procaine penicillin G (0.1μg/ml). Serum levels of the drugs one hour following injection ranged from 1.5μg to 24μg per milliliter for penicillin and 10.8μg to 70.0μg per milliliter for ampicillin. With the increasing numbers of penicillin-insensitive gonococci, ampicillin may become the drug of choice for gonorrhea.
REVERSING LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING: ACUTE RESULTS FROM EPICARDIAL CATHETER-BASED VENTRICULAR RECONSTRUCTION IN AN OVINE HEART FAILURE MODEL
Authors: Yanping Cheng, Michael Aboodi, Andrew Wechsler, Gerard Conditt, Diane Ordanes, Alyssa Flynn, Greg L Kaluza, Juan F Granada, Lon S Annest, Geng-hua Yi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Biological markers in nasal secretions
Authors: H. Riechelmann, T. Deutschle, E. Friemel, H-J. Gross, M. Bachem
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Biological markers in nasal secretions provide valuable information on nasal pathophysiology. However, published data on biomarker concentrations in nasal fluids are remarkably inconsistent, and the bias due to different sampling techniques, has not yet been systematically evaluated. Concentrations of various protein were repeatedly determined in nasal secretions of 16 healthy volunteers. The proteins were detected by using: 1) α 2 -macroglobulin as a marker for plasma contamination; 2) lactoferrin as a marker for glandular secretion; 3) lactate dehydrogenase as a marker for tissue injury; and 4) interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-α, and eosinophil cationic protein and tryptase as indicators for tissue inflammation. A total of four different sampling methods, including nasal lavage (NL) and a new polyurethane foam sampler technique (PFST) were employed. Analyte concentrations in NL were approximately10-times lower than in specimens obtained by PFST. Due to the unpredictable dilution during NL, various analytes were below the detection limit of the high sensitivity assays employed. With PFST, concentrations below the detection limit rarely occurred. The specimens did not significantly differ regarding plasma contamination, glandular secretion or tissue injury. The considerable variability of reported analyte concentrations in nasal secretions mainly results from different sampling techniques. To collect nasal secretions, samplers are considered superior to nasal lavage techniques.
1018-52 Volumetric Intravascular Ultrasound Volumetric Analysis Shows that Small Stent Size and Intimal Hyperplasia Contribute to Restenosis
Authors: Gaston R. Dussaillant, Gary S. Mintz, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, Jeffrey J. Popma, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism and Lipids: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ethan M. Balk, Alice H. Lichtenstein, Anastassios G. Pittas
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

We thank Kleefstra et al. for their comments (1) on our review (2), and we appreciate the opportunity to respond. We agree that the available trials on chromium supplementation are of poor quality and have heterogeneous results. Our approach toward systematic review is to not exclude studies based on what are inevitably subjective decisions about quality, applicability, or heterogeneity.

A subanalysis of the chromium picolinate trials excluding Anderson et al. (3), because of its …
Malaria Chemoprophylaxis for Coalition Troops in Afghanistan
Authors: Martin Tepper, Steve Schofield, James Anderson
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pathogens Use Structural Mimicry of Native Host Ligands as a Mechanism for Host Receptor Engagement
Authors: Nir Drayman, Yair Glick, Orly Ben-nun-Shaul, Hagit Zer, Adam Zlotnick, Doron Gerber, Ora Schueler-Furman, Ariella Oppenheim
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2013)
Genetic bias in immune responses to a cassette shared by different microorganisms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A La Cava, J L Nelson, W E Ollier, A MacGregor, E C Keystone, J C Thorne, J F Scavulli, C C Berry, D A Carson, S Albani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with HLA-DRbeta1 alleles which contain the QKRAA amino acid sequence in their third hypervariable region(s). The QKRAA sequence is also expressed by several human pathogens. We have shown previously that an Escherichia coli peptide encompassing QKRAA is a target of immune responses in RA patients. Here we address two questions: first, whether QKRAA may function as an "immunological cassette" with similar, RA-associated, immunogenic properties when expressed by other common human pathogens; and second, what is the influence of genetic background in the generation of these responses. We find that early RA patients have enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus and Brucella ovis and Lactobacillus lactis antigens which contain the QKRAA sequence. These results suggest that the QKRAA sequence is an antigenic epitope on several different microbial proteins, and that RA patients recognize the immunological cassette on different backgrounds. ANOVA of immune responses to "shared epitope" antigens in monozygotic twin couples shows that, despite significantly elevated responses in affected individuals, a similarity between pairs is retained, thus suggesting a role played either by hereditary or shared environmental factors in the genesis or maintenance of these responses.
Health Care in Transition: Directions for the Future
Authors: Bruce Steinwald
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Many have written about the health care crisis in America. Relatively few have attempted to describe the origins of the crisis, to dissect it into its major components, and to place it into the context of our whole society as a precursor to the development of rational and workable solutions. Mrs. Anne Somers, a frequent contributor to the literature in health care delivery and financing, is one of these few. Her latest book is divided into two parts. The first describes the evolution of paradoxes which have led to crisis in four main areas: the doctor, the consumer-patient, the hospital, and the health care financing mechanisms. In the second part, Mrs. Somers advocates a national program of consumer health education; a redefinition of professional goals to assure personalized care; an increase in health care manpower; a rationalization and systemization of facilities and programs, with emphasis on the central role of
LIGAND-INDUCED MOVEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE MEMBRANE MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Emil R. Unanue, Morris J. Karnovsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Capping of surface Ig by anti-Ig antibodies involves a membrane perturbation requiring an energy-dependent step. Lymphocytes treated with anti-Ig are stimulated to move. Previously, we had shown that movement was not essential for capping, although it influenced the localization of the cap. We have investigated the role of cell movement and of microtubular proteins in this phenomenon. Treatment of B lymphocytes with colchicine does not affect capping of Ig nor does it affect the increase in translational movement produced by anti-Ig antibodies. Treatment of lymphocytes with cytochalasin B stops translational movement and may affect capping to some degree under appropriate circumstances. Lymphocytes treated with both drugs are impaired in capping. We surmise that there may be two cytoplasmic events regulating directly or indirectly capping: one associated with the process of translational movement, the other associated with the activity of microtubules. Lymphocytes treated with concanavalin A do not cap Ig. Colchicine reverses this inhibition. Certain experimental procedures antagonize the colchicine effect, the most striking of which is the use of cytochalasin B. Colchicine appears to increase movement of the Con A-treated lymphocyte, and this increased movement appears responsible for the accumulation of complexes to the posterior part of the cell. Con A inhibits patching of Ig by anti-Ig, and this is not reversed by colchicine.
Prolonged Maintenance Chemotherapy in the Management of Urinary Infection in Childhood
Authors: I. C. S. Normand, J. M. Smellie
Journal: BMJ (1965)

It is now widely recognized not only that urinary infection in childhood is a common and recurrent condition, but also that symptomatic improvement of the acute episode, whether spon taneous or after a short course of chemotherapy, may be followed by persistent asymptomatic infection (Kass, 1956 ; Kunin et al., 1964 ; Dunn et al., 1964). It is also accepted that infection of the urinary tract in childhood may have a serious outcome. De Luca et al. (1963) state that 210 out of 597 children treated intermittently with antimicrobial therapy eventually developed severe renal damage. In a retrospective study of 72 patients admitted to hospital during childhood because of urinary infection, and whose symptoms had started 11 to 27 years earlier, Steele et al. (1963) found that 18% had died, and a further 30% had progressive renal insufficiency or persistent urinary infection. Smellie et al. (1964) in a study of 200 children with urinary infection showed that 27% of those with a history. of recurrent infection had radiological evidence of chronic pyelonephritic scarring, and the majority of these dated the onset of their symptoms to the first five years of life. Moreover, the incidence of renal scarring appeared to rise with increasing duration of symptoms. It is evident that the end-result of recurrent urinary infection may frequently be progressive renal damage.
Noah Webster and the Medical Profession
Authors: Thomas H. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1975)

BECAUSE Noah Webster's monumental philological achievement in compiling the great<i>American Dictionary</i>has long overshadowed his many other significant contributions to the cultural and educational development of the new nation, little attention has been given to his other accomplishments. However, as one commentator has observed, "he left some mark of his influence" on every field of activity he entered into, including medicine.<sup>1(p755)</sup> Born in West Hartford, Conn, in 1758, Webster graduated from Yale with the famous class of 1778. Yale's most distinguished class up to the Civil War included, besides Webster, Joel Barlow, poet and minister to France, and Josiah Meigs, publisher and President of the University of Georgia.<sup>2-4</sup>On his graduation at the age of 20, penniless, unemployed, and with no prospects for the future, Webster returned to his father's home in West Hartford, hoping to study law. But his father, having already mortgaged the family farm
Late Relapses of Germ Cell Malignancies: Incidence, Management, and Prognosis
Authors: Jan Oldenburg, Jarad M. Martin, Sophie D. Fosså
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

Late relapses of malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) are rare and occur, by definition, 2 years or later after successful treatment. They represent a major challenge of today's treatment of MGCTs. Because of the rarity and heterogeneity of late relapses, many aspects of their main characteristics remain obscure. We present relevant literature on relapsing MGCTs to highlight the following issues: incidence, impact of initial treatment on the subsequent risk of late relapse, treatment, and survival. In a pooled analysis, the incidence is 1.4% and 3.2% in seminoma and nonseminoma patients, respectively. The predominant site of relapse is the retroperitoneal space in both histologic types. The initial treatment appears to be important for the risk and localization of late relapses. The treatment of late relapses should be based on a representative presalvage biopsy and includes radical surgery and salvage chemotherapy in most cases. Five-year cancer-specific survival is above 50% in the recent large series and reaches 100% in case of single-site teratoma. Diagnosis and treatment of late-relapsing MGCT patients is challenging and should be performed in experienced centers only. Referral of late-relapsing patients to high-volume institutions ensures the best chances of cure and enables increasing understanding of tumor biology and the clinical course of these patients.
Regional Distribution of Pulmonary Arterial Blood Flow in Emphysema
Authors: Vincent Lopez-Majano
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Lung scanning after intravenous administration of macroaggregated iodinated I 131 serum albumin has been used to study the regional pulmonary circulation in 62 patients with pulmonary emphysema. The major finding was that 95% of the patients had well-defined areas of decreased pulmonary arterial blood flow. In the majority of the cases, the chest roentgenogram alone was inadequate for demonstrating these localized changes. The scanning method was helpful in differentiating obstructive emphysema from less serious lung disease such as asthma and bronchitis. It was also useful in the determination of the desirability of surgery and in follow-up evaluation.
Anetoderma in a patient with juvenile xanthogranuloma
Authors: None Ang, None Tay
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Journal Article Anetoderma in a patient with juvenile xanthogranuloma Get access Ang, Ang National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tay Tay National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 140, Issue 3, 1 March 1999, Pages 541–542, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02728.x Published: 01 March 1999
Synovial cysts in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A Bamzai, M Krieger, R R Kretschmer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

In a case of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis with large synovial cysts, cyst fluid aspiration was performed to relieve pain, but recurrence was prevented with salicylate therapy alone. The mechanism of formation of synovial cysts is discussed.
Laparoscopic Surgical Complete Sling Resection for Tension-Free Vaginal Tape–Related Complications Refractory to First-Line Conservative Management: A Single-Centre Experience
Authors: Morgan Rouprêt, Vincent Misraï, Christophe Vaessen, Florence Cour, Alain Haertig, Emmanuel Chartier-Kastler
Journal: European Urology (2010)