tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improved ex vivo expansion of adult hematopoietic stem cells by overcoming CUL4-mediated degradation of HOXB4
Authors: Jennifer Lee, Jae-Hung Shieh, Jianxuan Zhang, Liren Liu, Yue Zhang, Jae Yong Eom, Giovanni Morrone, Malcolm A. S. Moore, Pengbo Zhou
Journal: Blood (2013)
The structure of fucosylated blood group substances in fetal rat skin. The combined use of monoclonal antibodies and glycosyl hydrolases
Authors: SUSAN E. KELLY, S. FLFMING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Cell surface carbohydrates are thought to be important during embryonic development. We have studied a group of defined cell surface carbohydrates during the differentiation of fetal rat skin by the use of immunocytochemical techniques. We used monoclonal antibodies to the LeX and human blood group H type II haptens. The structure of the molecules carrying these haptens has been inferred by the sensitivity of the immune reactions to digestion by glycosyl hydrolases. The primitive ectoderm expressed the LeX hapten. The differentiating epidermis carries the H type II antigen, but this was only detected following cleavage of a terminally modified portion of the carbohydrate containing linear poly-N-acetyl lactosamine chains. These carbohydrates on epidermal cells are carried N linked to glycoproteins.
THE EFFECT OF PROLONGED CULTIVATION IN VITRO UPON THE PATHOGENICITY OF YELLOW FEVER VIRUS
Authors: Max Theiler, Hugh H. Smith
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

1. Experimental evidence is presented to show that prolonged cultivation of yellow fever virus in vitro results in a change in its pathogenicity, and that this change varies with the type of tissues used for the cultivation. 2. In the tissue cultures used for the propagation of the virus, three different types of tissues were used. They included whole mouse embryo, chick embryo from which the head and spinal cord had been removed, and testicular tissues of mice and guinea pigs. 3. The changes in the pathogenicity of the virus cultivated for a period of over 3 years in a medium containing the tissues of whole mouse embryo were not striking. The viscerotropic virulence of the virus appeared somewhat diminished, in that when injected subcutaneously into rhesus monkeys or hedgehogs it failed to produce a fatal infection, although there is evidence to indicate that a generalized infection takes place as demonstrated by the appearance of virus in the circulating blood in relatively high concentration during infection. The neurotropic virulence of the virus remained unaltered during the cultivation in this medium. 4. The changes in the pathogenicity of the virus cultivated in medium containing tissues of chick embryo from which the head and spinal cord had been removed were very pronounced. The viscerotropic virulence of the virus was lost to a large extent. When injected subcutaneously into monkeys there was as a rule a very mild generalized infection, as demonstrated by the minimal quantities of virus found in the circulating blood. Its neurotropism was also much diminished. When injected into monkeys intracerebrally, it no longer produced a fatal encephalitis but only a moderate febrile reaction, followed by recovery and solid immunity to reinoculation with a highly virulent strain of virus. When injected intracerebrally into mice, the mortality ratio was not diminished but the incubation period was markedly prolonged. 5. The changes in the pathogenicity of the virus cultivated in medium containing testicular tissues were somewhat similar to those observed after cultivation in chick embryo medium which contained only a minimal amount of nervous tissue. Its viscerotropic affinity had been largely lost and only very small amounts of virus were found in the circulating blood of monkeys inoculated subcutaneously. Given intracerebrally, it produced death from encephalitis in monkeys. The incubation period in mice inoculated intracerebrally with this virus was also prolonged but somewhat less so than with the virus grown in chick embryo tissues without the central nervous system.
More Evidence Emerges That Bats May Have Spread SARS
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rubella Immunization of Susceptible Medical Students
Authors: Marsha Wakefield
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Orenstein et al (1981;245:711) chronicled the poor participation by hospitalbased physicians in a program of rubella screening and recommended immunization. In 1980 we performed rubella screening on a group of 124 secondyear medical students (29 women, 95 men) who were enrolled in an infectious disease laboratory course. Presence of antibody to rubella was detected by use of the hemagglutination inhibition test,<sup>1</sup>which identifies persons with a reciprocal antibody titer of less than 12.5. Twenty-one (six women, 15 men) of the 124 (16.9%) students tested were seronegative. During April 1981 a survey was performed to determine the effectiveness of rubella screening on the immunization rate of those students found to be seronegative. The immunization rate for 17 students who responded was 41%. Two of four women contacted had received the vaccine as well as five of 13 men. Three of the students immunized reported
Effects of acidification on metal availability to aquatic biota, with special reference to filamentous algae.
Authors: P M Stokes, R C Bailey, G R Groulx
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

A survey of 34 shield lakes in Ontario and Quebec, pH 4.4 to 7.1, was made to evaluate which metals should be considered of concern as a risk to aquatic biota or consumers when lakes are acid stressed. A set of predictions, concerning the mobilization by man, the mobility, the chemical speciation, and the toxicity or bioaccumulation of metals in acid-stressed waters, were used as a basis for designing the study and organizing the results. Attached algae were used as biomonitors to assess metal bioavailability. The study concluded that zinc, lead, aluminum, and mercury were of concern in acid-stressed lakes, while the situation for manganese was unresolved, and cadmium was not studied. Nickel and copper were of concern only when a point source was involved. The study also concluded that the attached algal community had some value as a biomonitor, for metals in acid-stressed as well as metal-polluted surface waters.
Frequent Moderate to Severe Viral Respiratory Illnesses During Infancy Significantly Influence the Development of Asthma but Not Immunologic and Clinical Markers of Atopy During Early Childhood
Authors: R.A. Grabher, K.T. Sullivan Dillie, T.E. Pappas, D.F. DaSilva, K.A. Roberg, E.L. Anderson, K.M. Hanson, L.E.P. Salazar, C.J. Tisler, M.D. Evans, R.E. Gangnon, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
IN VIVO COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RUPTURE SITE IN CULPRIT LESIONS BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH ST AND NON-ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES: AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Konstantinos Toutouzas, Maria Riga, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Antonios Karanasos, Maria Drakopoulou, Andreas Synetos, Archontoula Michelongona, Elli Stefanadi, Costas Tsioufis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Treatment of Patients With Advanced Neurofibromatosis Type 2 With Novel Molecularly Targeted Therapies: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: Vivek Subbiah, John Slopis, David S. Hong, Leena M. Ketonen, Jackson Hamilton, Ian E. McCutcheon, Razelle Kurzrock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Minimal treatment options exist for advanced, inoperable neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), which is a rare tumor-prone disorder. NF2 results from a mutation in the NF2 tumor-suppressor gene on chromosome 22q12. NF2 is genetically and phenotypically distinguished from neurofibromatosis type 1, which results from a mutation in the NF1 tumor-suppressor gene located on chromosome 17q11.1,2 Clinically, NF2 is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and manifests through the appearance of bilateral acoustic neuromas (vestibular schwannomas), which lead to progressive hearing loss.3 Vestibular schwannomas and other lesions seen in patients with NF2 that arise progressively from other sites, such as meningiomas, spinal schwannomas, astrocytomas, ependymomas, rarely neurofibromas, and peripheral neuropathies, lead to profound morbidity in this debilitating disease.1,4 Few options are available to these patients outside of surgery, which is the mainstay of treatment for NF2-associated lesions, and, in some instances, radiation therapy.1,2 Despite our understanding of the underlying genetics and molecular pathophysiology of this disorder, patients become debilitated from tumor-related comorbidities. Recently, the anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody bevacizumab and erlotinib exhibited promising activity in pilot trials.5–8 Other than these two agents, no medical options are available for patients with NF2 with surgically unresectable disease. Because patients with NF2 harbor an aberration in a single gene, merlin, the protein product of which impacts multiple signals, including PI3-kinase/Akt, Raf/mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), it is conceivable that one of the many agents that target these pathways that have already shown antitumor activity in malignancies will also cause the regression of NF2-related tumors.9–11

Because of its extreme rarity, conducting large clinical trials in NF2 is generally unfeasible.9 Therefore, we enrolled patients with NF2 onto various rationally targeted trials and sought response signals. We reviewed the records of consecutive patients with NF2 who were referred to the Clinical Center for Targeted Therapy (phase I Clinical Trials Program clinic) who were treated in more than one trial starting in January 2007 to December 2010. All trials were approved by the MD Anderson institutional review board, which also granted a waiver of informed consent and a waiver of authorization for this retrospective study. Patients were evaluated every 6 to 8 weeks for response by using RECIST with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
The Visiting Speaker: The Hour of Listening Miserably
Authors: Roy N. Barnett
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent COMMENTARY entitled "How to Prepare and Present a Lecture"<sup>1</sup>was an excellent description of the treatment of a common disorder, namely, poor lecturing. My own contribution is a further analysis of the clinical presentation of this disorder. The institution with which I have been associated for many years has a medical school affiliation that provides a weekly lecturer to the Department of Medicine. I attend many of these presentations. The format is usually quite promising. There is a case history handout, about a page in length, and usually concerned with a difficult and demanding clinical problem. This is read by a member of the house staff, who then answers a few questions about the case, if he can. This is often the last serious discussion the audience receives about the patient and his clinical problem. Next is the visiting speaker. He or she immediately
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor α Gene Promoter Polymorphism with the Presence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: SEIICHIRO SAKAO, KOICHIRO TATSUMI, HIDETOSHI IGARI, YUJI SHINO, HIROSHI SHIRASAWA, TAKAYUKI KURIYAMA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α ), a potent proinflammatory cytokine, may be involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The production of TNF- α is elevated in the airways of these patients. A polymorphism at position − 308 of the TNF- α gene promoter (TNF- α -308*1/2) is known to be associated with alteration of TNF- α secretion in vitro. In this study we examined the differences in TNF- α -308*1/2 allele frequency to investigate the association of this polymorphism with the presence of smoking-related COPD. TNF- α -308*1/2 allele frequency in 106 patients (73 men and 33 women) was compared with 110 asymptomatic smoker/ex-smoker control subjects matched for sex and age and population control subjects consisting of 129 blood donors. Genotype was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique on genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes. TNF- α -308*1/2 allele frequencies were significantly different among the groups: 0.835/0.165 in patients with COPD, 0.918/0.082 in smoker/ex-smoker control subjects, and 0.922/0.078 in population control subjects. These results indicate that TNF- α -308*1/2 alleles are significantly associated with the presence of smoking-related COPD.
Abstract 5038: Probing network fragilities in neuroblastoma by synergistic drug combinations.
Authors: Branka Radic, Uwe Rix, Stefan Kubicek, Giulio Superti-Furga
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common tumor in infants younger than 1 year of age and one of the most common solid tumors in childhood. The disease is highly variable: while spontaneous tumor regression occurs more often than in any other cancer type, patients with more severe variant face therapy-resistant recurrence. Therefore we have set out to develop new therapeutic approaches to the disease with a particular focus on aggressive subtypes. Using a high-throughput systems level approach we have identified a novel synergistic combination of approved drugs and compounds in clinical trials. Our initial screen assessed the potency of a panel of clinically applicable drugs by proliferation assays versus a defined panel of isogenic cell lines that are representative of the different neuroblastoma variants. We identified potential drugs combinations by three-dimensional dose response matrices and adopted Bliss values as a quantitative measure of the synergy. The striking synergy was observed in SH-SY5Y cell line using combinations of EGFR/HER2 inhibitors with the apoptosis inducing agents. We were able to validate the observation using colony formation assay. In contrast to single drug treatment, the combination completely abolished the clonogenic growth of neuroblastoma cells, showing the most tangible evidence of the synergy. In order to evaluate our results in more aggressive disease subtypes, we tested our combination in SH-SY5Y cell line with transiently overexpressed N-Myc and in N-Myc-amplified IMR5-75 cell line. Notably, even in this setting we could recapitulate our findings, suggesting that this combination of drugs is highly potent in the chemo-resistant tumor subtypes as well. The same effect was observed when we transiently overexpressed TrkA in SH-SY5Y, mimicking yet another neuroblastoma variant. Pursuing the exact mechanism of the synergy, we have tested the combination in breast cancer cells. To our surprise, the synergistic effect was still present in HER2 negative cell line, but completely absent in the HER2 positive one. We also exchanged the dual EGFR/HER2 inhibitor drug with more potent EGFR inhibitors to conclude that a combination seems to be specific to a particular set of compounds and not necessarily to their main target spectra. Our synergistic combination is highly potent in a large number of neuroblastoma conditions. Strong synergistic effect can be reached at doses much lower than required for the single drug treatment. Animal models that we are currently testing will enable quick translation of our data in clinics. Citation Format: Branka Radic, Uwe Rix, Stefan Kubicek, Giulio Superti-Furga. Probing network fragilities in neuroblastoma by synergistic drug combinations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5038. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5038
Blaufuss Sound Builder (Teaching Cardiac Auscultation)
Authors: C. Richard Conti
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urinary cadmium and blood pressure: results from the NHANES II survey.
Authors: A S Whittemore, Y DiCiccio, G Provenzano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Relationships between urinary cadmium levels and blood pressure were examined in a sample of 951 adult men and women who participated in the Second National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES II). Among all participants, positive relationships were seen between urinary cadmium levels and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01, respectively), after adjusting for age, sex, race, relative body weight, smoking status, and hypertensive medication use. However, analyses for subgroups determined by sex and smoking status were inconsistent. Among current smokers, urinary cadmium levels were significantly positively associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure for women, and with diastolic blood pressure for men. Yet among former smokers and lifelong nonsmokers of both sexes, urinary cadmium was not significantly associated with either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Evidence that some hypertensive medications increase urinary cadmium excretion suggests that the positive associations seen among current smokers may reflect high urinary cadmium levels among hypertensives induced by hypertensive treatment. After treated hypertensives were removed from the analysis, regression coefficients relating blood pressure to cadmium dropped by a factor of two and lost statistical significance. We conclude that the present data provide little support for a causal association between systemic cadmium and hypertension at nonoccupational exposure levels. Further, conflicting results of previous studies may reflect failure to control adequately for age, smoking status, and hypertensive treatment.
The Gains Derived from the Use of the Laryngoscope
Authors: A. T. Norton
Journal: BMJ (1874)

Q. What is your trade ?-A.A dyer, in the strees-ah!ah! (making gestures of perplexity)-in the skins.Q.How are they dyed?.-A.In the kins-in the kins.Q.What do you dye?-A.Ah! ah! (gestures of perplexity)-rabbits, and all manner of-Q.All manner of what?-A.(Gestures of perplexity) Amarris-rab-bits-and the others.Q. What others besides rabbits ?-A.Rabbit, rab-bit skins-me, merikins.Q.What skins do you get from America?-A.There's, ah, ah (gestures of perplexity)-rabbits, and, and, squirrel tails as well.
Hereditary Giant Platelet Syndrome: A Disorder of a New Aspect of Platelet Function
Authors: M. A. Howard, R. A. Hutton, R. M. Hardisty
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The platelets of three patients with the hereditary giant platelet syndrome of Bernard and Soulier failed to aggregate in response to either ristocetin or bovine fibrinogen. The results of aggregation experiments using mixtures of platelets and plasma suggest that a reaction between a plasma factor deficient in von Willebrand's disease and a platelet component lacking in our patients, and leading to platelet aggregation independently of adenosine diphosphate (ADP), is essential for normal haemostasis.
Angiogenesis, assessed by platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies, as indicator of node metastases and survival in breast cancer
Authors: E.R. Horak, N. Klenk, R. Leek, S. LeJeune, K. Smith, N. Stuart, A.L. Harris, M. Greenall, K. Stepniewska
Journal: The Lancet (1992)
Communication between the left ventricle and right atrium
Authors: R. S. Barclay, J. M. Reid, E. N. Coleman, J. G. Stevenson, T. M. Welsh, N. McSwan
Journal: Thorax (1967)

A further 15 patients with left ventricular/right atrial communication are reported, 14 of whom were treated surgically. The clinical triad of a ventricular septal defect murmur, cardiac enlargement, and an arteriovenous shunt at atrial level is characteristic of the malformation. Of the 14 patients accorded surgical treatment, one died soon after operation. The remainder are well, with both the electrocardiographic signs of left ventricular hypertrophy and the radiographic evidence of cardiomegaly having undergone regression.
Runner's ability depends partly on muscle fiber type
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Anticipation of the 13th Winter Olympics sets the stage for a renewed interest in the physiology of the athletic experience. At Ball State University, Muncie, Ind, for example, researchers are studying the fiber composition of leg muscles and how this affects a runner's chances for top-level competitive success. In a recent seminar at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, David L. Costill, PhD, a marathoner by avocation, professor of physical education and biology, and director of the Human Performance Laboratory at Ball State, explained some of the new approaches being taken at the laboratory. It has been known for a decade that human skeletal muscle is composed of at least two fiber types. More recently Costill and others have been looking at the distribution of these fibers as a factor in running ability. Using a needle biopsy technique, researchers take 10 to 20 mg of muscle from the