tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lymphocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibit enhanced adenylyl cyclase-Gi protein signaling
Authors: J Marcil
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: We have previously demonstrated an augmented activation of Giα proteins in heart and aorta from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), which was attributed to an enhanced expression of Giα proteins. Since immortalized lymphoblasts derived from lymphocytes of hypertensive patients have been shown to have enhanced Gi activation, the present studies were undertaken to investigate if lymphocytes from SHRs also exhibit enhanced Gi activation and whether this activation is related to enhanced expression of Gi proteins. Methods: The levels of G-proteins and mRNA were determined by immunoblotting and Northern blotting techniques, using specific antibodies and cDNA probes, respectively. Adenylyl cyclase activity stimulated or inhibited by agonists was determined to examine the functions of G-proteins. Results: The levels of Giα-2, Giα-3, Gβ but not of Gsα45 and Gsα47 were significantly increased in lymphocytes from SHRs as compared to their control Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. Similarly the mRNA levels of Giα-2 and Giα-3 were significantly augmented in SHRs as compared to their age-matched WKYs. The increased levels of Giα were reflected in increased functions of Gi in SHRs as indicated by increased inhibition of forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity by GTPγS. The activity of adenylyl cyclase stimulated by GTPγS, isoproterenol, NECA, NaF and forskolin was significantly decreased in SHRs as compared to their age-matched WKY rats. On the other hand, inhibitory hormones, atrial natriuretic peptide and angiotensin II inhibited adenylyl cyclase activity to a greater extent in SHRs as compared to their age-matched WKY rats. Conclusions: These results indicate that lymphocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats exhibit enhanced Gi activation (function) which may be attributed to the enhanced expression of Gi proteins. It may be suggested that enhanced Gi expression and associated signaling may be one of the factors responsible for enhanced lymphoblasts proliferation observed in hypertension.
Systemic sclerosis with subcutaneous nodules*
Authors: CAMERON KENNEDY, IRENE M. LEIGH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

A case of systemic sclerosis with subcutaneous nodules is described. The nodules consited of fibrinoid degeneration with surrounding fibrosis, but lacked the typical histiocytic palisade of the rheumatoid nodule. The patient had neither coexistent rheumatoid arthritis nor circulating rheumatoid factor.
The Croonian Lectures on the Chemical Side of Nervous Activity: Delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, London, June, 1901
Authors: W. D. Halliburton
Journal: BMJ (1901)

hiemoglobin was 6o per cent., and tlle leucocytes and blood plates were normal in number.His temperature has been mostly subnormal-970 to 980, but on five different oc- casions it has risen in the early evening to 1010 or slightly over.After a fortnight's stay in hospital the indigestion, diar- rhcea, and bronchitis had all disappeared.and he felt stronger,
Palestine: the assault on health and other war crimes: Personal view was one sided and unhelpful
Authors: Mark Berelowitz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I have lived and worked as a doctor in Israel. I have little sympathy for the government of Ariel Sharon, and I have had the privilege of meeting Yitzhak Rabin, as well as many other Israelis who were and are committed to peace. But I am dismayed by Summerfield's comments and appalled by the BMJ 's decision to publish them.1

The BMJ and Summerfield have …
The phosphaturic effect of sodium bicarbonate and acetazolamide in dogs
Authors: Milford Fulop, Paul Brazeau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Urinary inorganic phosphate excretion was studied before and during the administration of sodium bicarbonate and acetazolamide in dogs that were not given infusions of phosphate. The excretion fraction of filtered phosphate increased after sodium bicarbonate or acetazolamide was given. This phosphaturia was attributed to decreased tubular reabsorption of phosphate consequent to alkalinization of either tubular urine or cells.
The Bowman Lecture on the Value of Eye Symptoms in the Localisation of Cerebral Disease
Authors: H. R. Swanzy
Journal: BMJ (1888)

GBNTLrLEME.N-,Recent advances in cerebral surgery have brought with them, in some respects, increased responsibility, and increased anxiety for the surgeon, in cases of focal cerebral disease.In these cases perhaps the gravest respon- '0 Loc.cit.
Plasma Cholesterol Concentration and Mortality
Authors: George Davey Smith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the relationship between plasma cholesterol concentration and mortality from major causes of death. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Civil service offices in London, England. <h3>Participants.</h3> —There were 17718 male civil servants aged 40 through 64 years at the time of study entry between 1967 and 1969. <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —Mortality from major cause groups. <h3>Results.</h3> —There were 4022 deaths in the cohort over the 18 years of follow-up. Total mortality increased with cholesterol level, although mortality in the small group with very low cholesterol levels (5% of study population) was nonsignificantly higher (<i>P</i>&gt;.5) than that of the remainder of the lowest quintile cholesterol group. Coronary heart disease mortality increased with increasing cholesterol concentration from the lowest levels (<i>P</i>&lt;.001 for trend). The cancer mortality rate in the group below the fifth centile of the cholesterol distribution was higher than in the remainder of the cohort for lung (<i>P</i>&lt;.001), pancreas (<i>P</i>=.05), liver (<i>P</i>=.09), and all smoking-related cancers (<i>P</i>=.02). Only for lung cancer was there a consistent inverse trend with cholesterol level (<i>P</i>&lt;.01). Rates of mortality due to non-neoplastic respiratory disease were inversely related to cholesterol level (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Health state at the time of examination and socioeconomic position were related to cholesterol concentration—subjects in lower employment grades, with disease at baseline, with a history of recent unexplained weight loss, or who had been widowed had lower initial cholesterol levels. These associations largely accounted for the relationships between cholesterol level and noncardiovascular mortality. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The inverse associations between plasma cholesterol concentration and mortality from certain causes of death seen in cohort studies could be because the participants with low cholesterol levels possess other characteristics that place them at an elevated risk of death. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:70-76)
Nanoparticle albumin-bound (<i>nab</i>) IDN5404: a novel vascular disrupting agent with potent antitumor and antiangiogenic effects.
Authors: V Trieu, O D'Cruz, M Piacente, T Huang, S Faxon, S Ahmed, N Desai
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2138 Background: The tumor vasculature is an established target for the therapy of solid tumors. IDN5404 is a thiocolchicine dimer with antitubulin and topisomerase 1 inhibitor properties. In this study, nab-formulated IDN5404 was examined for antitumor effects in three xenograft models and for antiangiogenic as well as vascular disrupting activity (VDA) in the avian embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: Subcutaneous human breast (MX-1 and MDA-MB-231), colon (HT29), and prostate (PC3) tumors were grown in athymic nude mice and treated intravenously (IV) with nab-5404 alone at 10, 20, 30, or 40 mg/kg (q3dx4 or q4dx3) and in combination with IV or intraperitoneal (IP) nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane; 10, 15 or 30 mg/kg, qdx5 or q4dx3). The effect of dose, schedule, and sequence of combination regimen was tested. Nab-5404 was administered 24-hr before, concurrently or 24-hr after Abraxane administration. The effect of nab-5404 on embryonic angiogenesis was examined in vivo using the standard chick CAM assay with 3-day old embryos (n = 18). The quail CAM assay was used to determine the time course of VDA. Quail embryos (n = 36) were exposed to nab-5404 (1 to 16 µg/ml) on day 7 and digital CAM images were acquired over a 60 min period for scoring VDA.&amp;#x2028; Results: Significant dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition (TGI) was observed in all xenograft models. In the MX-1 and HT29 models, nab-5404 (30 mg/kg, q3dx4) exhibited potent antitumor activity (P &amp;lt; 0.0001, ANOVA, vs. saline) alone and in combination with Abraxane (TGI for MX-1: 65% and 76%; TGI for HT29: 44% and 74% respectively). Nab-5404 was similarly effective with the q4dx3 schedule. In addition, when Nab-5404 (20 mg/kg, q4dx3) was administered 24-hr before, concurrently or 24-hr after Abraxane (5 mg/kg, q4dx3), the combination resulted in TGI of &amp;gt;99%, 88%, and 72% respectively. Using the in vivo chick CAM assay, nab-5404 inhibited embryonic angiogenesis by over 90% at 5 µg/CAM without affecting viability. Furthermore, rapid collapse of blood vessels was observed within 30 min in the viable quail CAM assay when embryos were exposed to nab-5404 at 4-16 µg/ml.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: Nab-5404 alone and in combination with Abraxane demonstrated significant TGI in xenograft models of human breast, colon or prostate cancer. This effect was shown to be due to the rapid VDA of nab-5404. Maximum antitumor activity was seen when nab-5404 was administered 24 hr before Abraxane. Nab-5404, a microtubule-destabilizing vascular disruptive agent, potentiates the cytotoxic effects of nab-paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing agent and the data suggest that these two agents may be utilized effectively in combination. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2138.
Amantadine in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Robert S. Schwab
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Sixty-six percent of a group of 163 patients with Parkinson's disease exhibited subjective or objective improvement of their akinesia, rigidity, and tremor while receiving amantadine hydrochloride. Of those showing improvement, benefits were sustained in 58% for a period of three to eight months. The maximum daily dose was 200 mg. Side effects occurred in 22% and consisted of increased jitteriness, insomnia, abdominal uneasiness, dizziness, depression, confusion, and, in a few cases, hallucinations. Convulsions have been reported with large doses of 800 mg per day. In most cases, side effects were controlled by adjustment of dosage of [ill] hydrochloride or the patient's concomitant medication.
Psychosomatic Aspects of End-Stage Renal Failure
Authors: Tom Sensky
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

End-stage renal failure (ESRD) is more than a typical chronic disease. Its treatment includes features which arguably make this condition unique. Selected psychosomatic aspects of ESRD are reviewed, including psychiatric morbidity, patients' adherence to their treatments, quality of life and the emotional impact on staff involved in treating patients with ESRD. Rather than presenting a comprehensive review of the results of published research, particular emphasis is laid on the critical appraisal of the methodology of published studies, to examine the extent to which these have provided answers to clinically important questions.
From double-step and colliding saccades to pointing in abstract space: Toward a basis for analogical transfer
Authors: Peter F. Dominey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Deictic pointers allow the nervous system to exploit information in a frame that is centered on the object of interest. This processing may take place in visual or haptic space, but the information processing advantages of deictic pointing can also be applied in abstract spaces, providing the basis for analogical transfer. Simulation and behavioral results illustrating this progression from embodiment to abstraction are discussed.
Acute dystonia. An unusal reaction to diphenhydramine
Authors: B. L. Lavenstein
Journal: JAMA (1976)

DIPHENHYDRAMINE hydrochloride (Benadryl) is an antihistamine in the class of ethanolamines derived from the phenothiazines. In the dosages usually prescribed for allergic symptoms, the only notable neurologic side effect has been drowsiness, occurring in 20% to 60% of patients. An acute extrapyramidal movement disorder developed in a child following administration of two doses of diphenhydramine hydrochloride. This movement disorder resembled that induced in some young patients by the phenothiazines—a disorder that is usually relieved by diphenhydramine. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> Seventeen hours before admission, diphenhydramine was prescribed for a 3-year 11-month-old boy as treatment for an allergic reaction manifested as periorbital edema and urticaria. Medical history prior to this illness and family history were unremarkable. He received one dose of diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 25 mg, and a second dose seven hours later. Two hours after the second dose bizarre posturing of the right limbs, torticollis, distortion of the mouth, slurred speech,
Neurilemmomatosis, NF2, and juvenile xanthogranuloma
Authors: Vivek Iyengar, Cynthia A. Golomb, Lawrence Schachner
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1998)

The gene locus for neurilemmomatosis has been reported to lie within the neurofibromatosis type 2 gene region, suggesting that these 2 diseases may be identical. We describe an adolescent girl with multiple neurilemmomas and juvenile xanthogranulomas, who was found to have bilateral acoustic neuromas and multiple central nervous tissue tumors as seen in patients with a diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 2. This case and recent genetic studies suggest that neurilemmomatosis and neurofibromatosis type 2 are the same disease. (J Am Acad Dermatol 1998;39:831-4.)
The effects of an acute load of thyroxine on the transport and peripheral metabolism of triiodothyronine in man
Authors: Kenneth A. Woeber, Exequiel Hecker, Sidney H. Ingbar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

In order to examine the question of whether thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) influences significantly the peripheral metabolism of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T(3)) in vivo, paired studies of the effects of a large intravenous load of L-thyroxine (T(4)) on the kinetics of (131)I-labeled T(3) metabolism were carried out in five normal subjects. After the T(4) load, both the early distributive loss of labeled T(3) from serum and the volume of T(3) distribution, observed after distribution equilibrium had been attained, were greatly increased. These alterations were consistent with those to be expected from displacement of T(3) from its extracellular binding sites. After the T(4) load, however, the fractional rate of T(3) turnover was decreased. This finding is ascribed either to competition between T(3) and T(4) for common intracellular pathways of degradation or excretion or to displacement of T(3) from sites of more rapid to sites of less rapid metabolism. These effects of alterations in the binding activity of TBG on the peripheral metabolism of T(3), together with those previously reported by others, are consistent with the interpretation that T(3) is significantly bound by TBG in vivo. However, it is suggested that the effects of alterations in the T(3)-TBG binding interaction on the metabolism of T(3) are obscured by alterations in the extracellular-cellular partitioning of T(4) that would result from concurrent alterations in T(4)-binding by TBG.
Endoscopic Microsurgery of Rectal Tumors
Authors: G. Bueß, K. Kipfmüller, M. Naruhn, S. Braunstein, Th. Junginger
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

Seventy-five patients with sessile adenomas or early carcinomas of the rectum or rectosigmoid were operated on with the new technique "transanal endoscopic microsurgery" Employing a newly developed complex endoscopic operating system, complete removal of sessile adenomas can be accomplished up to a distance of 25 cm from the anal verge, accurately and non-invasively. Complications occurred in three cases, with no resulting mortality. In the follow-up period we discovered only one adenomatous recurrence that required operative treatment. The superior accuracy of preparation, a short average stay in hospital, and low recurrence and complication rates are the advantages of this transanal endoscopic operative technique.
Catheter modification of the atrioventricular junction with radiofrequency energy for control of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.
Authors: M A Lee, F Morady, A Kadish, D J Schamp, M C Chin, M M Scheinman, J C Griffin, M D Lesh, D Pederson, J Goldberger
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND The utility of transcatheter application of radiofrequency energy to eliminate atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (mean age, 53 +/- 20 years; range 14-86 years) with medically refractory AVNRT underwent perinodal ablation with radiofrequency energy. A custom-designed 6F catheter with a large (3-mm-long) distal electrode and interelectrode pacing of 2 mm was used in the majority of cases. The catheter used for ablation was initially positioned across the tricuspid anulus to obtain the largest His bundle electrogram, then withdrawn to obtain the largest atrial:ventricular electrogram ratio, with a small His bundle electrogram (less than or equal to 100 microV). Each application of radiofrequency energy (350-550 kHz, 16.2 +/- 5.2 W) was stopped after 60 seconds or if PR prolongation or an impedance rise was noted. The endpoints of the procedure were persistent modification of atrioventricular nodal conduction (either first-degree atrioventricular block or impairment of ventriculoatrial conduction) and noninducibility of AVNRT before and during isoproterenol administration. Radiofrequency energy was applied a mean of 6.8 +/- 3.5 times per session. After a mean follow-up of 8 +/- 3.0 months, 32 of the 39 patients (82%) have been free of AVNRT, and did not have high grade AV block. Three patients (8%) developed complete atrioventricular block and had pacemakers implanted. Two patients had unsuccessful initial procedures, and two patients had initially successful ablations but had recurrences of tachycardia 4-6 weeks later. Elimination of AVNRT appeared to be due to effects on the retrograde fast pathway in most patients. CONCLUSIONS Radiofrequency ablation of the perinodal right atrium appears to be safe and effective for treatment of typical AVNRT:
The effect of diabetes on B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with acute dyspnea
Authors: Alan S. Maisel, Radmila Kazanegra, James McCord, Richard M. Nowak, Judd E. Hollander, Phillippe Duc, Gabriel Steg, Torbjom Omland, Kathrine Wold-Knudsen, Arne Westheim, William T. Abraham, Alan B. Storrow, Alan H. Wu, Peter A. McCullough
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
FDG PET Imaging Features of Epidermolysis Bullosa Complicated by Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Gavin C. Mackie, Anca M. Avram
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of inherited skin disorders characterized by blister formation after minor trauma and a predisposition to development of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In some forms of the disease, metastatic SCC is the major cause of death. The FDG-PET imaging findings in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa presenting for staging of lower extremity SCC are shown. The case highlights the presence of abnormal but nonneoplastic glycolytic activity in the skin, lymph nodes, esophagus, and larynx. This activity relates to ulcerations, scarring, erosions, and stricture formation resulting from underlying epidermolysis bullosa disease activity and complicates FDG-PET interpretation for malignant disease.
Acute Papulopustular Acne
Authors: Otto L. A. Schlappner
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Three male patients in the late acne age group experienced a sudden episode of papulopustular acne of the face, shoulders, and back after two to four weeks of intravenous hyperalimentation. Upon cessation of the feedings, the acne involuted spontaneously. The pathogenesis appeared to involve nutritional factors since the attacks could be specifically related to the use of a new synthetic intravenous diet in which L-cystein, L-tyrosine, and L-glutamic acid were absent.
THE USE OF HISTAMINE AS A STANDARD TEST FOR DIMINISHED RESISTANCE IN SUPRARENALECTOMIZED RATS
Authors: J. Marmorston-Gottesman, J. Gottesman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

Of all the drugs thus far used in testing the resistance of suprarenalectomized rats, histamine has been found to be the most satisfactory. It is a readily obtainable and comparatively stable drug, producing characteristic symptoms. Its M.L.D. for a given strain of rats can be established within narrow limits, and the difference between the M.L.D. for normal and suprarenalectomized rats is comparatively great (1:20).
Severe Barbitone Poisoning Treated by Haemodialysis
Authors: R. H. Balme, H. G. Lloyd-Thomas, G. V. Shead
Journal: BMJ (1962)

vomiting, azotaemia, normocytic normochromic anaemia, and drowsiness.Rubin and Furcolow (1958) had to discontinue treatment in one case because of hepatic toxicity.Yates et al. (1960) reported a case with acute polymyositis, probably due to hypersensitivity angiitis, which regressed when amphotericin B was discontinued.A rise in the blood urea is a very common and reversible finding, but there is one necropsy report of such a case (Perry and Kirby, 1960) where renal tubular degeneration was noted.Littman (1959) stressed that the use of 1 mg. of amphotericin B intrathecally (considered to be an over- dose) may cause hyperpyrexia, arachnoiditis, flaccid paraplegia, and cord bladder.Paraesthesiae were previously noted by Utz et al. (1957-8) in the arm receiving intravenous therapy.Although the recommended dose of amphotericin B intravenously is 1 mg./kg.body weight, this dose must be reached gradually.In this case the maximum dose reached was 30 mg. daily (approximately 0.5 mg./kg.body weight), and even with this dose peripheral neuro- pathy, affecting mainly the proximal muscles of the limbs and trunk, developed.Although this neurotoxicity has not been reported previously, it is really not unexpected if one considers its recognized effects on other vital tissues A similar clinical picture could result theoretically from crypto- coccal toxaemia, torulosis of the central nervous system, or a coincident disease of Landry's paralysis type.Such a toxicity has not been recorded even in more advanced cases, and to explain this neurological picture on actual granulomatous involvement of the neuraxis would be anatomically impossible.Of 10 cases of spinal-cord involvement noted by Carton and Mount (1951), only three had " spinal cord " symptomatology, the remainder being demonstrated only at necropsy.In this case there were no abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid during life and no macroscopic granulomas were seen in the central nervous system.Microscopically no torulae were seen, and special staining of the peripheral nerve showed myelin degeneration, which is consistent with a toxic reaction to amphotericin B.
IMPACT OF ANTICOAGULATION REGIMEN IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST-ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES UNDERGOING AN EARLY INVASIVE STRATEGY INDEPENDENT OF REVASCULARIZATION: THE ACUITY TRIAL
Authors: Tobias Geisler, Meinrad Gawaz, Steven R. Steinhubl, Michel E. Bertrand, A. Michael Lincoff, Angel R. Cequier, Walter Desmet, Lars H. Rasmussen, James Hoekstra, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)