tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgery of Tumors
Authors: Erle E. Peacock
Journal: JAMA (1966)

ABSTRACT Surgery of Tumors of the Skin is a comprehensive work which presents in a sound manner the biological basis for surgical management of skin neoplasms. Most of the illustrations are of good quality and the authors have used good judgment in presenting some of the more commonly seen states of tumor development, as well as spectacular advanced lesions. The quality of the black-and-white photomicrographs ranges from superior to average.The technical aspects of printing and publishing the volume are disappointing. Misspelled words and numerous printing errors detract from the scientific exposition and probably reflect undue haste on the part of the publishers. One also wonders why a treatise on skin neoplasm has been diluted by inclusion of a number of deep lesions such as thyroglossal duct cysts, ganglia, and parotid tumors. Frequent presentation of a large number of statistics on the incidence of various tumors in relation to local hospital
The Bill was Disallowed.
Authors: D. H. Galloway
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, Ill., July 20, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I wish to call your attention to two cases which will be of interest to the medical profession. On March 25 I appeared before Judge Kohlsaat with a bill for $25 for professional services against the estate of Byron A. Baldwin. My bill was for administering an anesthetic and assisting at an operation. The surgeon's bill, presented at the same time, was allowed after being cut down. My bill was taken up immediately afterward, when the judge delivered himself, in substance, as follows: Haven't I just allowed one doctor's bill against this estate? When one doctor is paid, they are all paid; I can't have half a dozen doctors coming here making claims against this estate. If you are entitled to anything you must look to the other doctor for it. The bill is not allowed. The following is from the Chicago
Coronary pressure-flow relations in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Comparison of intact autoregulation with physiological and pharmacological vasodilation in the dog.
Authors: R W Jeremy, P J Fletcher, J Thompson
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

Coronary pressure-flow relations during autoregulated and vasodilated flow states were compared between eight dogs with renovascular hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy and 12 normal dogs. Each relation was constructed from serial steady-state measurements of end-diastolic coronary pressure and flow during perfusion of the circumflex artery by an extracorporeal circuit at controlled diastolic pressures of 20-200 mm Hg. Autoregulated pressure-flow relations were compared at three levels of myocardial oxygen demand: resting, high (dobutamine 10 micrograms/kg/min), and low (propranolol 2.5 micrograms/kg/min). Autoregulatory capacity was assessed by calculation of closed-loop flow gain. At each level of myocardial oxygen demand, the lower limit of autoregulation occurred at higher perfusion pressures in the hypertrophy group (rest 65 +/- 3, high 92 +/- 4, low 66 +/- 4 mm Hg) than in the normal group (rest 53 +/- 2, p less than 0.05; high 75 +/- 5, p less than 0.05; low 51 +/- 3 mm Hg) (p less than 0.05). Maximum autoregulatory gain was similar in the normal and hypertrophy groups during resting and low myocardial oxygen demand but was reduced in the hypertrophy group during dobutamine studies. When coronary flow decreased below the lower limit of autoregulation, systolic shortening was reduced in both normal and hypertrophy groups. However, as the autoregulatory limits were at higher pressures in the hypertrophy group, shortening in this group deteriorated at perfusion pressures that did not affect the normal heart. Coronary pressure-flow relations during physiological (peak hyperemia after 15-second flow occlusion) and pharmacologica (intracoronary adenosine 400 micrograms/min) vasodilation was curvilinear and fitted by quadratic regression. During hyperemic vasodilation, maximal conductance per unit mass of myocardium was less in the hypertrophy group over a wide range of perfusion pressures. At a diastolic perfusion pressure of 80 mm Hg, maximum conductance was 4.6 +/- 0.5 ml/min/100 g/mm Hg in the normal group and 3.4 +/- 0.4 ml/min/100 g/mm Hg (p less than 0.05) in the hypertrophy group. Intracoronary adenosine elicited further vasodilation in both groups, but maximum conductance remained less in the hypertrophy group (8.5 +/- 1.7 ml/min/100 g/mm Hg at a perfusion pressure of 80 mm Hg) than in the normal group (13.5 +/- 2.0 ml/min/100 g/mm Hg) (p less than 0.05). Maximal coronary flow reserve is reduced in left ventricular hypertrophy, with a consequent shift of the lower limit of autoregulation to higher perfusion pressures. Thus, as coronary perfusion pressure is decreased, coronary flow and myocardial shortening become impaired at higher
HYPERGLYCEMIA AND CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY: THRESHOLD FOR INJURY
Authors: William B. Hillegass, Reza E. Ershadi, Marc A. Mayhew, Vijay K. Misra, Silvio E. Papapietro, Brigitta C. Brott, Gilbert J. Zoghbi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Value of the critical flicker frequency in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Manuel Romero‐Gómez, Juan Córdoba, Rodrigo Jover, Juan A. del Olmo, Marta Ramírez, Ramón Rey, Enrique de Madaria, Carmina Montoliu, David Nuñez, Montse Flavia, Luis Compañy, José M. Rodrigo, Vicente Felipo
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is mainly diagnosed using psychometric tests such as the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES). Despite the clinical and social relevance of MHE, psychometric testing is not widespread in routine clinical care. We assessed the usefulness of the critical flicker frequency (CFF), for the diagnosis of MHE and for the prediction of the development of overt episodes of HE. The normal range of PHES in the Spanish population was evaluated in a control group. Subsequently, 114 patients with cirrhosis and 103 healthy controls underwent both PHES and CFF tests. A diagnosis of MHE was made when the PHES was lower than −4 points. Patients were followed-up every 6 months for a total of 1 year. CFF did not correlate with age, education, or sex in the control group. The mean CFF was significantly lower in patients with MHE versus non-MHE or controls. Mean CFF correlated with individual psychometric tests as well as PHES (r = 0.54; P < 0.001). CFF <38 Hz was predictive of further bouts of overt HE (log-rank: 14.2; P < 0.001). There was a weak correlation between mean CFF and Child-Pugh score but not with model for end-stage liver disease score. In multivariate analysis using Cox regression, CFF together with Child-Pugh score was independently associated with the development of overt HE. Conclusion: CFF is a simple, reliable, and accurate method for the diagnosis of MHE. It is not influenced by age or education and could predict the development of overt HE. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;45:879–885.)
Greater Monoamine Oxidase A Binding in Perimenopausal Age as Measured With Carbon 11–Labeled Harmine Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Paraskevi Vivien Rekkas, Alan A. Wilson, Vivian Wai Han Lee, Priyanga Yogalingam, Julia Sacher, Pablo Rusjan, Sylvain Houle, Donna E. Stewart, Nathan J. Kolla, Stephen Kish, Lina Chiuccariello, Jeffrey H. Meyer
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Perimenopause is a period of high risk for mood disorders, and it has been proposed that perimenopause is also a window of risk for processes linked to later dementia. However, in human perimenopause, the neurobiological changes implicated in the genesis of mood disorders or dementia have not been identified. Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is an important brain enzyme that creates oxidative stress, influences apoptosis, and metabolizes monoamines. After declines in estrogen level, MAO-A density may be elevated for a month or longer, and repeated declines in estrogen level occur with greater magnitude during perimenopause.To investigate whether MAO-A total distribution volume (VT), an index of MAO-A density, is elevated in women of perimenopausal age (41-51 years).In a cross-sectional study at a tertiary care psychiatric hospital, 58 women underwent carbon 11-labeled harmine positron emission tomography. These included 19 young women of reproductive age (mean [SD], 28.26 [5.05] years), 27 women of perimenopausal age (mean [SD] age, 45.21 [3.41] years; including 14 women with change in menstrual cycle length with a mean [SD] age of 45.50 [4.00] years and 13 women with no change in menstrual cycle length with a mean [SD] age of 44.92 [2.81] years), and 12 women in menopause (mean [SD] age, 56.25 [3.19] years).Values of MAO-A VT in the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsal striatum, ventral striatum, thalamus, hippocampus, and midbrain.On average, MAO-A VT in perimenopausal age was elevated by 34% compared with reproductive age and by 16% compared with menopause (multivariate analysis of variance, group effect, F16,94 = 3.03; P < .001). Within the perimenopausal age group, meeting Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop criteria for perimenopause, which is mainly based on menstrual cycle length, was not associated with MAO-A VT (F8,18 = 0.548; P = .81) but tendency to cry was positively correlated with MAO-A VT in the prefrontal cortex (r = 0.54; P = .008).To our knowledge, this is the first report of a change in a central biomarker during perimenopausal age that is also present during major depressive episodes and high-risk states for major depressive episodes. The functions of MAO-A influence oxidative stress and apoptosis, 2 processes implicated as excessive in both mood disorders and dementia. Hence, greater MAO-A VT during perimenopause may represent a new target for assessing novel interventions to prevent mood disorders and reduce longer-term risk of neurodegenerative disease.
Book Review Medical Risks in Epilepsy Edited by Svein I. Johannessen, Torbjörn Tomson, Matti Sillanpää, and Birthe Pedersen. 146 pp. Petersfield, United Kingdom, Wrightson Biomedical, 2001. $55. 1-871816-46-7
Authors: Cynthia L. Harden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)
Caveolae in mesangial cells and caveolin expression in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: Osamu Tamai, Naoki Oka, Toshio Kikuchi, Yoshiro Koda, Mikiko Soejima, Yoshifumi Wada, Masahisa Fujisawa, Kiyoshi Tamaki, Hiroshi Kawachi, Fujio Shimizu, Hiroshi Kimura, Tsutomu Imaizumi, Seiya Okuda
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Ornithine decarboxylase induction in psoralen-treated mouse epidermis used as a test of UV-A sunscreen potency
Authors: J. FOLSO, R.W. GANGE, I.R. MENDELSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Ornithine decarboxylase induction in psoralen‐treated mouse epidermis used as a test of UV‐A sunscreen potency Get access J. FOLSO, J. FOLSO Department of Dermatology, Naval Regional Medical Centre, San Diego Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.W. GANGE, R.W. GANGE Division of Dermatology, University of California, School of Medicine, San Diego, U.S.A. Dr R.W. Gange, Department of Dermatology, Photomedicine Research Unit, Wellman Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.R. MENDELSON I.R. MENDELSON Division of Dermatology, University of California, School of Medicine, San Diego, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 108, Issue 1, 1 January 1983, Pages 17–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb04574.x Published: 01 January 1983 Article history Accepted: 26 May 1982 Published: 01 January 1983
Government plans shake up in NHS pay
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The UK government has told the doctors' pay review body that it wants to see “an updated and modernised contract” for consultants, which fits in with the new NHS.

Mr Alan Milburn, the minister for health, in a letter to the review body's chairman, Mr Brandon Gough, acknowledges that the current contract shares its origins with the birth of the NHS. There is now an opportunity to negotiate a new contract “which will see consultants working alongside managers, not only to deliver key service priorities but also to help to decide local NHS goals.”

Mr Milburn admits that most consultants work hard for the …
Patient empowerment increases capacity and widens access to phototherapy
Authors: A. Anstey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE, p 464 A course of ultraviolet (UV) B phototherapy typically requires patients to attend their local phototherapy unit three times per week for up to 10 weeks. For many patients this represents a significant undertaking involving time, money and inconvenience. Yule and colleagues from Dundee have practised patient‐centred care for phototherapy for many years, recognizing and responding to the need for some patients to receive phototherapy at home with home phototherapy devices. Having gained experience in this model of care, a natural development was to apply the same principles of patient empowerment to hospital‐based phototherapy services. Their rationale for this involved patients taking a more active role in shared decision‐making, thereby encouraging self‐management of disease. Yule states that for some patients, shift work and demanding lifestyles make it difficult to fit in with treatment appointment times. Self‐administration of phototherapy provides patients with more flexibility and may help to reduce time spent in the department.
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Antibody in Asymptomatic Blood Donors
Authors: Jonathan C. Sinclair
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Seventy-two volunteer blood donors who had hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBS) were studied and compared with 115 carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg). Anti-BHS-positive donors gave a history of greater possible exposure to hepatitis B virus, there was a lower male-female ratio, and they had a much lower frequency of abnormal hepatic function test results. Those who were positive by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP), which indicated a high titer of antibody (greater than 1:2,000 as measured by passive hemagglutination assay [PHA], also had an ethnic origin similar to that of the donor panel, ie, predominantly Canadian and northern European. The HBSAg carriers, on the other hand, had a high frequency of origin from Mediterranean and Far Eastern countries. Low-antibody-titer (positive PHA but negative CIEP) donors had ethnic origins that more closely approximated those of HBSAg carriers.
A Discourse ON MODERN PROBLEMS RELATING TO THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN: Delivered at the Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, held at Dundee, September, 1912
Authors: A. Keith
Journal: BMJ (1912)

ON niy bookshelves there is placed a series of odd volumes containingc past reports of this association, wlicih Fortunie sent ml-y way many years ago on a AWhliteclhapel boolistall.Amongr tlhem there is onie volnme I p)rize-tliat wliicl
Phase I Expansion and Pharmacodynamic Study of the Oral MEK Inhibitor RO4987655 (CH4987655) in Selected Patients with Advanced Cancer with <i>RAS–RAF</i> Mutations
Authors: Lisa Zimmer, Fabrice Barlesi, Maria Martinez-Garcia, Veronique Dieras, Jan H.M. Schellens, Jean-Philippe Spano, Mark R. Middleton, Emiliano Calvo, Luiz Paz-Ares, James Larkin, Simon Pacey, Miro Venturi, Françoise Kraeber-Bodéré, Jean J.L. Tessier, Wilfried Ernst Erich Eberhardt, Michel Paques, Ernesto Guarin, Valerie Meresse, Jean-Charles Soria
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: This phase I expansion study assessed safety, pharmacodynamic effects, and antitumor activity of RO4987655, a pure MEK inhibitor, in selected patients with advanced solid tumor. Experimental Design: We undertook a multicenter phase I two-part study (dose escalation and cohort expansion). Here, we present the part 2 expansion that included melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and colorectal cancer with oral RO4987655 administered continuously at recommended doses of 8.5 mg twice daily until progressive disease (PD). Sequential tumor sampling investigated multiple markers of pathway activation/tumor effects, including ERK phosphorylation and Ki-67 expression. BRAF and KRAS testing were implemented as selection criteria and broader tumor mutational analysis added. Results: Ninety-five patients received RO4987655, including 18 BRAF-mutant melanoma, 23 BRAF wild-type melanoma, 24 KRAS-mutant NSCLC, and 30 KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer. Most frequent adverse events were rash, acneiform dermatitis, and gastrointestinal disorders, mostly grade 1/2. Four (24%) of 17 BRAF-mutated melanoma had partial response as did four (20%) of 20 BRAF wild-type melanoma and two (11%) of 18 KRAS-mutant NSCLC. All KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer developed PD. Paired tumor biopsies demonstrated reduced ERK phosphorylation among all cohorts but significant differences among cohorts in Ki-67 modulation. Sixty-nine percent showed a decrease in fluorodeoxyglucose uptake between baseline and day 15. Detailed mutational profiling confirmed RAS/RAF screening and identified additional aberrations (NRAS/non-BRAF melanomas; PIK3CA/KRAS colorectal cancer) without therapeutic implications. Conclusions: Safety profile of RO4987655 was comparable with other MEK inhibitors. Single-agent activity was observed in all entities except colorectal cancer. Evidence of target modulation and early biologic activity was shown among all indications independent of mutational status. Clin Cancer Res; 20(16); 4251–61. ©2014 AACR.
Initiation of Insulin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Failing Oral Therapy
Authors: Hans U. Janka
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Our previous publication regarding the initiation of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes failing oral therapy (1) and the recent study by Raskin et al. (2) has raised interesting discussion (3,4). Raskin et al. reported that glycemic control was better in patients treated with BIAsp 70/30 plus oral antidiabetic agents (OADs) than in those receiving insulin glargine plus OADs (mean end point HbA1c 6.91 vs. 7.41%). In contrast, we demonstrated that glycemic control was better in patients treated with insulin glargine plus OADs compared …
Association of common health symptoms with bullying in primary school children
Authors: K. Williams, M. Chambers, S. Logan, D. Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To estimate the prevalence of bullying in primary school children and to examine its association with common symptoms in childhood. <b>Design</b>: Semistructured health interview conducted by school nurses as part of a school medical. <b>Setting</b>: Newham, east London. <b>Subjects</b>: All children in year 4 of school during the academic year 1992-93. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Reported bullying and common health symptoms. <b>Results</b>: 2962 children (93.1% of those on the school roll) were interviewed (ages 7.6 to 10.0 years). Information about bullying was not recorded for 114 children. 22.4% (95% confidence interval 20.9 to 24.0) of children for whom information was available reported that they had been bullied. There was an association between children reporting being bullied sometimes or more often and reporting not sleeping well (odds ratio 3.6, 2.5 to 5.2), bed wetting (1.7, 1.3 to 2.4), feeling sad (3.6, 1.9 to 6.8), and experiencing more than occasional headaches (2.4, 1.8 to 3.4) and tummy aches (2.4, 1.8 to 3.3). A significant trend for increasing risk of symptoms with increased frequency of bullying was shown for all reported health symptoms (P&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusions</b>: Health professionals seeing primary schoolchildren who present with headaches, tummy ache, feeling sad or very sad, bed wetting, and sleeping difficulties should consider bullying as a possible contributory factor. <h3>Key messages</h3> Many children report having frequent headaches or tummy aches, that they sleep poorly, wet the bed, or feel sad Children who report these symptoms also report being bullied substantially more often than do their peers Although it is not clear whether the association is causal, health professionals seeing such children should ask about bullying
A novel cationic niosome formulation for gene delivery to the retina
Authors: G. Puras, M. Mashal, J. Zárate, M. Agirre, E. Ojeda, S. Grijalvo, R. Eritja, A. Diaz-Tahoces, G. Martínez Navarrete, M. Avilés-Trigueros, E. Fernández, J.L. Pedraz
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Abstract 1875: Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidins induce rapid repair of DNA damage via nucleotide excision repair genes in preventing UV-induced immunosuppression
Authors: Santosh K. Katiyar, Harry van Steeg, Som D. Sharma
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced immunosuppression has been implicated in the development of skin cancers, including melanoma and non-melanoma. UV-induced DNA damage, predominantly the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), has been recognized as an important molecular trigger for the initiation of UVB-induced immunosuppression and skin carcinogenesis. We have shown earlier that administration of dietary grape (Vitis vinifera) seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) supplemented with AIN76A control diet inhibit photocarcinogenesis in mice; however, the molecular mechanism of chemopreventive effects of GSPs are not clearly understood. To investigate the possible mechanism of action of GSPs we used genetically modified human cells and animal model. We observed that administration of dietary GSPs (0.2 and 0.5%, w/w) with supplementation of AIN76A control diet inhibited (52-65%, P&amp;lt;0.001) UV-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity response to a contact sensitizer, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, in a contact hypersensitivity mouse (C3H/HeN) model. Dietary GSPs repaired UV-induced DNA damage (CPD-positive cells) faster in the skin of mice as demonstrated by reduced number of CPD-positive cells (59%, p&amp;lt;0.001), and reduced the migration of CPD-positive cells from the skin to draining lymph nodes compared to non-GSPs-fed control mice, which was associated with the elevated levels of nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes. GSPs did not prevent UV-induced immunosuppression in NER-deficient mice but significantly prevented in NER-proficient mice (p&amp;lt;0.001) concomitantly repaired UV-induced DNA damage in NER-proficient mice (p&amp;lt;0.01) but did not repair in NER-deficient mice as indicated by immunohistochemical analysis of CPD-positive cells. Further, southwestern dot-blot analysis revealed that GSPs repaired UV-induced CPDs in xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA)-proficient cells obtained from healthy person but did not repair in XPA-deficient cells obtained from the patients suffering from xeroderma pigmentosum disease, indicating that NER mechanism is involved in DNA repair. Together, these data identify a novel mechanism by which dietary GSPs prevent UV-induced immunosuppression which is mediated through rapid repair of damaged DNA, and that these effects lead to the prevention of UV radiation-induced skin tumors in mice. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1875.