tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Thorax</i>at 70
Authors: Anne Tattersfield, Anthony Seaton
Journal: Thorax (2016)

This year marks the 70th birthday of Thorax and as two septuagenarian ex-editors whose involvement with the journal dates back to 1973, we have been asked by the present editors to select some notable papers published over its lifetime. The choice was ours and our successors’, reflecting our judgement of what has stood the test of time. Originally the journal of the Thoracic Society, Thorax was founded by British cardiothoracic surgeons and physicians, had joint medical and surgical editors and similar numbers of medical and surgical papers, many dealing with cardiac and oesophageal disease. The original publisher was the British Medical Association, but from 1979 this was shared with the Thoracic Society, and subsequently the British Thoracic Society, making a useful contribution to the Society's funds. Chest medicine was largely concerned with TB in the mid-20th century with other lung conditions being dealt with by general physicians. However, as asthma and chronic lung diseases attracted increasing research interest during the 1960s, the scope of respiratory medicine widened and new medical topics contributed increasingly to Thorax as cardiac and surgical papers declined. We have confined our selection to those of interest to today's respiratory physicians, so many excellent non-respiratory papers have been excluded. We have selected papers by going through the indices and rereading those that seem especially important. The task has not been simple, but was greatly aided by access to http://www.thorax.bmj.com.

In the 1940s and 1950s, TB made little impact in Thorax save through surgical papers. Lung cancer was on the rise, and the first issue contained a major article by one of the journal's founders, Tudor Edwards, on his unparalleled experience of surgery of this disease.1 Also in that issue was the first article by Doll who was shortly to confirm the cancer–smoking association; he reported …
Squamous Cell Cancers and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: ROBERT E. ENCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1987Squamous Cell Cancers and the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeROBERT E. ENCK, M.D.ROBERT E. ENCK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-773_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The observation by Overly and Jakubek (1) regarding the association of multiple squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and a positive serologic test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a factor-IX-deficient man is interesting but raises an important question regarding the causal relationship. The authors attribute the HIV serologic positivity to treatment with factor IX concentrates over a period of many years.Before the onset of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, we extensively studied (2, 3) a group of patients with hereditary bleeding disorders (factor VIII deficiency, factor IX deficiency, and von Willebrand disease) at the...References1. OVERLYJAKUBEK WD. Multiple squamous cell carcinomas and human immunodeficiency virus infection [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:334. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ENCKBETTSBROWNMILLER RRMG. Viral serology (hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus) and abnormal liver function tests in transfused patients with hereditary hemorrhagic diseases. Transfusion. 1979;19:32-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ENCKCONDEMI RJ. Immunologic studies in hereditary hemorrhagic diseases. Milit Med. 1979;144:114-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HEITZMOSERSTAUB PHJ. Thyroid cancer: a study of 573 thyroid tumors and 161 autopsy cases observed over a thirty year period. Cancer. 1976;37:2329-37. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. STEISBRODER RS. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Kaposi's sarcoma: clinical relationship between immunodeficiency disease and cancer. In: DEVITA VT, HELLMAN S, ROSENBERG SA, eds. Important Advances in Oncology 1985. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company.; 1985:141-69. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT E. ENCK, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1987Volume 106, Issue 5Page: 773-773KeywordsAIDSCancer immunotherapyEpithelial cellsHIVHemophilia AHemophilia BHemorrhageSquamous cell carcinomavon Willebrand disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Liver Cysts Associated with Polycystic Kidney Disease: Role of Tc-99m Hepatobiliary Imaging
Authors: MAQBOOL SALAM, EMMET B. KEEFFE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A 42-year-old woman with multiple hepatic cysts associated with autosomal polycystic kidney disease was evaluated for abdominal discomfort and new liver test abnormalities following blind aspirations of her liver cysts. Tc-99m mebrofenin hepatobiliary imaging revealed a markedly enlarged liver with multiple photon deficient areas, focal retention of isotope in the left hepatic ductal system, no accumulation of radionuclide in cysts, and an unusual medial gallbladder position. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography confirmed all of these findings. Abdominal discomfort and liver biochemical abnormalities were attributed to cyst compression of nearby structures, including bile ducts. Hepatobiliary imaging is useful to exclude communication of bile ducts with hepatic cysts, to detect incidental abnormalities such as partial bile duct obstruction, and to distinguish the gallbladder from nearby hepatic cysts.
Structure of the Semaphorin-3A Receptor Binding Module
Authors: Alexander Antipenko, Juha-Pekka Himanen, Klaus van Leyen, Vincenzo Nardi-Dei, Jacob Lesniak, William A. Barton, Kanagalaghatta R. Rajashankar, Min Lu, Claudia Hoemme, Andreas W. Püschel, Dimitar B. Nikolov
Journal: Neuron (2003)
Crossed Fused Ectopic Kidneys Diagnosed by Renal DTP A Study
Authors: M H Wholey, S Sostre, O Wong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Technetium-99m DTPA renal imaging in a 15-year-old boy with a history of frequent urinary tract infections was performed and revealed two structures in the left abdomen: the first located superiorly maintained its reniform structure and had normal flow, extraction, and excretion. A second inferiorly located structure had poor extraction and excretion that did not improve appreciably with the administration of Lasix intravenously. A faint left ureter coursing ipsilaterally to the left bladder was seen; a prominent ureter originating from the lower moiety, crossing midline and coursing toward the right side of the bladder was also noted. These findings were consistent with crossed fused ectopic kidneys with an obstructed lower pole moiety. Subsequent retrograde and antegrade pyelograms and MRI provided further correlation.
Senataxin suppresses the antiviral transcriptional response and controls viral biogenesis
Authors: Matthew S Miller, Alexander Rialdi, Jessica Sook Yuin Ho, Micah Tilove, Luis Martinez-Gil, Natasha P Moshkina, Zuleyma Peralta, Justine Noel, Camilla Melegari, Ana M Maestre, Panagiotis Mitsopoulos, Joaquín Madrenas, Sven Heinz, Chris Benner, John A T Young, Alicia R Feagins, Christopher F Basler, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Olivier J Becherel, Martin F Lavin, Harm van Bakel, Ivan Marazzi
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Statin Therapy and Risk of Fracture
Authors: Jessica M. Peña, Sara Aspberg, Jean MacFadyen, Robert J. Glynn, Daniel H. Solomon, Paul M Ridker
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease may share common biological pathways, with inflammation playing a role in the development of both. Although observational studies have suggested that statin use is associated with a lower risk of fractures, randomized trial data addressing this issue are scant.
The inter‐relationship of diabetes and left ventricular systolic function on outcome after high‐risk myocardial infarction
Authors: Amil M. Shah, Hajime Uno, Lars Køber, Eric J. Velazquez, Aldo P. Maggioni, Michael R. MacDonald, Mark C. Petrie, John J.V. McMurray, Robert M. Califf, Marc A. Pfeffer, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Co-targeting c-Met and COX-2 Leads to Enhanced Inhibition of Lung Tumorigenesis in a Murine Model with Heightened Airway HGF
Authors: Laura P. Stabile, Mary E. Rothstein, Christopher T. Gubish, Diana E. Cunningham, Nathan Lee, Jill M. Siegfried
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Inhibition of apoptosis improves outcome in a model of congenital muscular dystrophy
Authors: Mahasweta Girgenrath, Janice A. Dominov, Christine A. Kostek, Jeffrey Boone Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The most common form of human congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD) is caused by mutations in the laminin-alpha2 gene. Loss of laminin-alpha2 function in this autosomal recessive type 1A form of CMD results in neuromuscular dysfunction and, often, early death. Laminin-alpha2-deficient skeletal muscles in both humans and mice show signs of muscle cell death by apoptosis. To examine the significance of apoptosis in CMD1A pathogenesis, we determined whether pathogenesis in laminin-alpha2-deficient (Lama2(-/-)) mice could be ameliorated by inhibiting apoptosis through either (a) inactivation of the proapoptosis protein Bax or (b) overexpression of the antiapoptosis protein Bcl-2 from a muscle-specific transgene. We found that both of these genetic interventions produced a several-fold increase in the lifespan of Lama2(-/-) mice. Bax inactivation also improved postnatal growth rate and myofiber histology and decreased fixed contractures of Lama2(-/-) mice. Thus, Bcl-2 family-mediated apoptosis contributes significantly to pathogenesis in the mouse model of CMD1A, and antiapoptosis therapy may be a possible route to amelioration of neuromuscular dysfunction due to laminin-alpha2 deficiency in humans.
A Medical School's Approach to Drug Abuse.
Authors: Edward A. Wolfson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971A Medical School's Approach to Drug Abuse.Edward A. Wolfson, M.D., Marvin Lavenhar, Ph.D., Stanley Einstein, Ph.D., Marc Quinones, M.A., Donald B. Louria, M.D., F.A.C.P.Edward A. Wolfson, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Marvin Lavenhar, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Stanley Einstein, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Marc Quinones, M.A.Search for more papers by this author, Donald B. Louria, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-836_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA Division of Drug Abuse was created in the Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine of the New Jersey College of Medicine, Newark, in July 1969 to determine the role of an academic community in combating this serious public health problem.The following activities have been initiated: [1] Workshops and seminars have been arranged for house staff, nurses, emergency room personnel, and physicians within the medical school and in surrounding community hospitals. Medical students and house staff have been involved in elective courses, and school teachers have been given intensive 3-week courses to prepare them for ombudsman and teaching... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Edward A. Wolfson, M.D.; Marvin Lavenhar, Ph.D.; Stanley Einstein, Ph.D.; Marc Quinones, M.A.; Donald B. Louria, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Newark, NJ. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDrug Education to Date: A Review 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 836-836KeywordsAcademic medicineDrug abuseEmergency departmentPrevention, policy, and public healthPreventive medicine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Resuscitation Preferences Among Patients With Severe Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz, Russell S. Phillips, Mary Beth Hamel, Joan M. Teno, Paul Bellamy, Steven K. Broste, Robert M. Califf, Humberto Vidaillet, Roger B. Davis, Lawrence H. Muhlbaier, Alfred F. Connors, Joanne Lynn, Lee Goldman
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —We sought to describe the resuscitation preferences of patients hospitalized with an exacerbation of severe congestive heart failure, perceptions of those preferences by their physicians, and the stability of the preferences. Methods and Results —Of 936 patients in this study, 215 (23%) explicitly stated that they did not want to be resuscitated. Significant correlates of not wanting to be resuscitated included older age, perception of a worse prognosis, poorer functional status, and higher income. The physician’s perception of the patient’s preference disagreed with the patient’s actual preference in 24% of the cases overall. Only 25% of the patients reported discussing resuscitation preferences with their physician, but discussion of preferences was not significantly associated with higher agreement between the patient and physician. Of the 600 patients who responded to the resuscitation question again 2 months later, 19% had changed their preferences, including 14% of those who initially wanted resuscitation (69 of 480) and 40% of those who initially did not (48 of 120). The physician’s perception of the patient’s hospital resuscitation preference was correct for 84% of patients who had a stable preference and 68% of those who did not. Conclusions —Almost one quarter of patients hospitalized with severe heart failure expressed a preference not to be resuscitated. The physician’s perception of the patient’s preference was not accurate in about one quarter of the cases, but communication was not associated with greater agreement between the patient and the physician. A substantial proportion of patients who did not want to be resuscitated changed their minds within 2 months of discharge.
Stress and Somatic Disease
Authors: W. F. Kiely
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Psychosocial factors play an important though variable role in the predisposition, precipitation, and clinical course of most human illness. In a particular group of somatic diseases of uncertain cause—perhaps most appropriately classed as somatopsychic—the influence of psychosocial factors would appear to be greater than it is in diseases of simpler origin. Measles and essential hypertension, for example, could be one example of such a distinction. Central to the distinction is the degree to which the brain appraises or evaluates the situation, selects, and directs the response from the repertoire of the person challenged. Thus, whereas viral invasion may evoke little brain-directed response, situational or environmental strain may pose a challenge. Threat, whether or not perceived consciously, calls forth, largely at the subcortical level, certain biological response patterns whose original adaptive purpose was to cope with the potential injury and to master the challenge. Such systems are already developed and operative
Effects of Neostigmine and Atropine on Motor Activity of Ileum, Colon, and Rectum of Anaesthetized Subjects
Authors: J. L. Wilkins, J. D. Hardcastle, C. V. Mann, L. Kaufman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

In unanaesthetized patients atropine and neostigmine in doses normally used by anaesthetists to reverse muscle relaxants produced a pronounced increase in bowel activity. This response occurred whether atropine was given before or simultaneously with neostigmine.The response still occurred in 38% of patients anaesthetized without halothane, and possibly this increase in motility might endanger a recently constructed anastomosis. The ileum appeared particularly prone to neostigmine stimulation, and anastomoses involving ileum would seem especially at risk. When halothane was used during anaesthesia the response was completely inhibited during the period studied.
A CASE OF RETROPERITONEAL FIBROLIPOMA: OPERATION: RECOVERY
Authors: R. J. Johnstone
Journal: BMJ (1905)

A point of very considerable interest was the result of the method adopted to obliterate the sac.After suturing the edges of the aperture and packing the whole interior of the collapsed sac with gauze, which was renewed regularly until the cavity shrank and healed up in the usual way. it was natural to suppose that there would be no possibility of a return of the hernia.My astonishment was extreme when I saw how utterly the proceeding h^d failed.The silk suture had evidently quickly been shed into the interior of the sac and come away with the discharge and the dressings, allowing the orifice to resume its patency, whilst the only trace of the effects of the packing were some adhesions at the upper part of the pocket, which the pathologist almost unconsciously separated with his finger as he explored Its limits and extent.
Experience of medical senior house officers in preparing discharge summaries
Authors: J P Frain, A E Frain, P H Carr
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The discharge summary communicates information about a patient's stay in hospital and follows the hand written summary that accompanies the patient on discharge. Previous studies have indicated dissatis-faction among general practitioners with the quality of discharge summaries.1 2 Most are done by senior house officers, and this survey assesses their experience in preparing them.

A medical senior house officer from each of 100 acute hospitals in England replied to a telephoned questionnaire about teaching they had received on preparing discharge summaries and arrangements for doing summaries in their hospital.

Ninety two of the doctors prepared summaries in their present post. On six firms the house physician was responsible, while a consultant and registrar were responsible in the other two. Six senior house …
Reference values of pulmonary diffusing capacity during exercise by a rebreathing technique.
Authors: C C Hsia, D G McBrayer, M Ramanathan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Normal reference values of the pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), diffusing capacity of the membrane (DMCO), and pulmonary capillary blood volume (VC) were derived by a rebreathing technique in 44 normal, healthy, nonsmoking individuals ranging from 17 to 68 yr of age. Simultaneous measurements of DLCO, lung volumes, pulmonary blood flow, and septal tissue volume were determined at rest and during steady-state exercise of 25, 50, and 80% of maximal workload and at two levels of alveolar O2 tension. DMCO and VC were calculated using the Roughton-Forster relationship. Using stepwise regression analysis, DLCO and DMCO (in ml CO/min/mm Hg) were found to be significantly related to pulmonary blood flow (Qc in L/min), age (in years), and body surface area (BSA in square meters). VC (in ml) was found to be significantly related to QC and BSA. Normalization of measured data with respect to these variables largely eliminated male versus female differences. We conclude that QC is the most important determinant of the recruitment of diffusing capacity. From rest to near-maximal exercise, DLCO, DMCO, and VC increase linearly with respect to QC without evidence of reaching a plateau.
Vagal cholinergic control of gastric alkaline secretion in normal subjects and duodenal ulcer patients.
Authors: S J Konturek, N Kwiecien, W Obtulowicz, P Thor, J W Konturek, T Popiela, J Oleksy
Journal: Gut (1987)

Gastric alkaline secretion was determined in ranitidine treated healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer (DU) patients using gastric perfusion aspiration system and back titration of gastric perfusate to original pH 6.0. Basal alkaline secretion showed periodic fluctuations reaching peaks at phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC) in the stomach. Mean basal alkaline secretion in healthy normals and DU patients averaged 1120 +/- 124 and 880 +/- 72 mumol/h, respectively and no correlation was found between basal and maximally stimulated gastric acid and alkaline secretion. Modified sham feeding in normal subjects and in DU patients increased this secretion to the peaks of about 28 and 36% of the maximal alkaline response to intragastric application of 16,16 dimethyl-PGE2 in these subjects. Vagotomy did not affect significantly basal alkaline secretion but prevented the rise in alkaline secretion induced by modified sham feeding. Atropine (5-20 micrograms/kg) decreased dose dependently basal, and prevented the modified sham feeding induced alkaline secretion, while pirenzepine (5-20 micrograms/kg) had little influence on basal, and did not affect the modified sham feeding induced, alkaline secretion. This study shows that basal gastric alkaline secretion fluctuates in phase with gastric motor activity, and is similar in normal and DU patients. Vagal stimulation strongly increases alkaline secretion, the effect being abolished by vagotomy and atropine, but not by pirenzepine, suggesting the involvement of M2 rather than M1 subtypes of muscarinic receptors in this stimulation.
Vascular Access in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis-Reply.
Authors: Richard A. Hirth
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —Dr Qureshi was surprised that the increased availability of the tunneled vascular catheter (Perm catheter, Quinton, Seattle, Wash) did not lead a greater proportion of patients, particularly late referred patients, to receive AVFs. We believe that this is indicative of a lack of resolve on the part of surgeons, nephrologists, or both to wait for the maturation of an AVF. We agree that the availability of improved temporary vascular access methods provides an excellent opportunity to attempt an AVF in patients who are referred late but who are otherwise suitable candidates.  Dr Qureshi also wonders if case-mix differences between Japan and the United States account for the report of Bleyer et al 1 that 100% of newly treated patients received AVFs in several Japanese dialysis units. 1 Two factors suggest that the Japanese hemodialysis case mix is not as severely affected as the case mix in the United States. First,