tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Swelling Simulating Axillary Aneurism
Authors: C. S. Jeaffreson
Journal: BMJ (1870)

CASE II.-In February i868, I saw a stout middle-aged man in consultation with Mr. McLachlan, of Shelf, near Halifax, who had com- plete mortification of one leg as high as the knee.He had a rather feeble heart, but there were no signs of valvular disease; and he had appeared in good health up to the time of the present attack, which began suddenly, a week before the date of my visit, while he was walk- ing home one evening a short distance, after attending a lecture.It commenced, as in the former case, by severe pain in the calf of the leg, which was succeeded by coldness and rapid death of the limb.When I saw the case, the mortification was apparently extending; so there was nothing to do but to wait, and endeavour to keep up the strength.I said, should the gangrene stop, and the dead parts separate from the healthy structures, it would become a question whether amputation should be performed.I did not see this patient again, but heard, some weeks afterwards, that the limb had been removed, and that the man had died.CASE III.-In January I869, I saw (with Mr. Terry, of Bradford),
“Me-Too” Products — Friend or Foe?
Authors: Thomas H. Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A second drug-eluting coronary stent. Another drug for erectile dysfunction. A sixth statin (or seventh, counting cerivastatin). Medical journals seem filled with research articles that induce a sense of déjà vu. Readers wonder, "Have I read this paper before?" No, that was a similar study of a similar product.Critics of the pharmaceutical and medical-device industry argue that "me-too" products cause problems for medicine beyond confusion. They assert that these market latecomers often differ trivially from earlier products and that the billions of dollars spent marketing me-too products could be spent in better ways, such as developing orphan drugs for . . .
The Intellectual Basis of Family Practice
Authors: Elliott B. Oppenheim
Journal: JAMA (1984)

"What exactly is family practice?" That is one of the questions patients ask most frequently in my clinic. Patients and physicians have been unclear about this new, yet ancient, specialty. In a succinct, enjoyable, softbound book printed on beige "This is not an office book. One should... read it from an armchair..." paper, Dr Stephens explores the scope of family practice. <i>The Intellectual Basis of Family Practice</i>is an anthology of Stephens' essays, lectures, and thoughts spanning 15 years at both the bedside and the chalkboard. Although he is parsimonious with words, he is complete. In the introductory essay, which bears the book's title, Stephens describes family medicine through Mortimer Adler's five conditions and describes patient treatment as both a science and an art. He sees the physician himself as a "drug" and postulates that "it is necessary for the physician to learn how to use himself and his relationships
GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR ACTIVATION DURING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REDUCES DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN PIGS
Authors: Carlos Santos-Gallego, Torsten Vahl, Gonzalez-Bermudez Inmaculada, Teresa Arias, Sem Briongos-Figuero, Gaebelt Hans Paul, Javier Sanz, Martin Goldman, Roger Hajjar, Valentin Fuster, Juan Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Fluticasone Improves Pulmonary Function in Children under 2 Years Old with Risk Factors for Asthma
Authors: Alejandro M. Teper, Carlos D. Kofman, Gabriela A. Szulman, Santiago M. Vidaurreta, Alberto F. Maffey
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

This study assessed the effects of treatment with fluticasone in children younger than 2 years old with recurrent wheezing and risk factors of developing asthma. This double-blind placebo-controlled study randomized children to receive fluticasone (125 mug; n = 14) or placebo (n = 12) twice daily for 6 months. Pulmonary function was assessed at the beginning and end, and parents filled out a daily diary recording respiratory symptoms, need for rescue medication, and emergency care. The SD score of maximum flow at functional residual capacity was -0.74 +/- 0.6 at the beginning and 0.44 +/- 1 at the end for the fluticasone group (p = 0.001), and -0.79 +/- 0.3 at the beginning and -0.78 +/- 1.4 at the end for the placebo group (p = 0.97). A statistically significant difference (p = 0.02) was observed between treatments. The percentage of symptom-free days was 91.3 +/- 7% for fluticasone and 83.9 +/- 10% for placebo (p = 0.05). The number of respiratory exacerbations was 2.1 +/- 1.7 and 4.1 +/- 3 (p = 0.04), and the percentage of days on albuterol was 8.6 +/- 6% and 16.3 +/- 9% (p = 0.028). Treatment with fluticasone twice daily for 6 months improves pulmonary function and clinical outcomes in children with asthma younger than 2 years.
Reduced allergenicities of irradiated ovalbumin and ovomucoid determined by skin prick test and ELISA inhibition test
Authors: Soo-Young Lee, Gye-Rhee Jeon, Ju-Woon Lee, Se-Jo Oh, Hong-Sun Yook, Kyoung-Hwan Cho, Myung-Woo Byun
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Cyclosporiasis and Raspberries — Lessons for the Future
Authors: Michael T Osterholm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

One hundred years ago, Osler observed that to know syphilis was to know clinical medicine. Today, to know and appreciate the many clinical, microbiologic, and public health aspects of the outbreak of cyclosporiasis associated with raspberries that Herwaldt and colleagues describe in this issue of the Journal 1 is to know foodborne disease in the modern world. The investigation conducted by Herwaldt et al. illustrates the changing epidemiologic characteristics of foodborne disease in this country.Two of the key factors that have contributed to these changes are the substantial alterations in the American diet over the past two decades and the . . .
Incidence of transfusion associated B and non-A, non-B hepatitis in Italy
Authors: A. Mele, T. Stroffolini, R. Catapano, F. Palumbo, A. Moiraghi, F. Novaco
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Screening of donated blood for hepatitis B surface antigen and for serum alanine aminotransferase concerntration has been performed in Italy since the early 1970s. Screening for other surrogate markers, such as antilbody to hepatitis B core antigen has never been done. Screening for antibodies to hepatitis C virus was routinely done in a few blood banks since 1990; it became compulsory in 1991. Second generation enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was introduced in 1992 in all blood banks.

Using data from the surveillance system for acute viral hepatitis (SEIEVA), we have evaluated the incidence of transfusion associated B and non-A, non-B hepatitis in Italy from 1987 to 1993.

### and results

SEIEVA, which is coordinated by the Istituto Superiore di Sanita in collaboration with health districts, started in 1985.1 From 1985 to 1993 the number of health districts participating in …
Hospital Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: R. M. Norris, K. E. Bensley, D. E. Caughey, P. J. Scott
Journal: BMJ (1968)

All 757 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the three public hospitals in Auckland during one year were studied. About 7% died from cardiac arrhythmia four days or more after the onset of infarction. These patients had severe infarcts with circulatory failure on or shortly after admission to hospital. Late death from arrhythmia in patients recovering from circulatory failure may in many cases be preventable with anti-arrhythmic drugs.
Heroin use among young people is increasing in England and Wales
Authors: R. Harling
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Heroin use has risen among young people aged under 19 in England and Wales, according to a report from the Home Office Police Research Group.

Throughout the 1990s several indicators have suggested that adolescents are increasingly using heroin: the Department of Health's database on regional drug misuse has been notified of more first episodes of heroin use; prosecutions for heroin related offences have escalated; and seizures of the drug have increased.

The use …
Osteoimmunology at the nexus of arthritis, osteoporosis, cancer, and infection
Authors: Dallas Jones, Laurie H. Glimcher, Antonios O. Aliprantis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Over the past decade and a half, the biomedical community has uncovered a previously unappreciated reciprocal relationship between cells of the immune and skeletal systems. Work in this field, which has been termed "osteoimmunology," has resulted in the development of clinical therapeutics for seemingly disparate diseases linked by the common themes of inflammation and bone remodeling. Here, the important concepts and discoveries in osteoimmunology are discussed in the context of the diseases bridging these two organ systems, including arthritis, osteoporosis, cancer, and infection, and the targeted treatments used by clinicians to combat them.
Proceedings: A simple immunofluorescence method for differentiation of ANF between RA and healthy persons and SLE and scleroderma patients.
Authors: B Stojan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Heberden Society 197 factors, although experimental models suggest that cellular immunity is important in the induction of chroni- city.We have investigated cell mediated immunity (CMI) to synovial.antigens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and compared them to controls with gout or osteoarthritis.CMI was tested in vitro, using the leucocyte migration test with microcapillary tubes, which diminish the variability in the test system.Synovial antigens were prepared from tissue extracted at synovectomy in two ways-either as a crude homogenate of tissue, after careful removal of fat and connective tissue, or as partially purified elution fractions, designed to extract in a step-wise fashion cell membrane lipoproteins or immune complexes.The results, using ten rheumatoid synovial homogenates, showed that five of seven patients reacted to their own autologous synovium, while twenty of twenty-four other rheumatoid patients also reacted to these homogenates, but healthy controls and osteoarthritic subjects were negative.Further results with a larger specimen showed that rheumatoid subjects reacted to homologous rheuma- toid synovial homogenate at a dose which did not inhibit the healthy controls.A similar homogenate from a psoriatic arthritis did not produce inhibition in the rheumatoid subjects or controls.Preliminary testing with synovial membrane elutions suggested that the activity is related to cell membrane fractions and not to immune Liver function tests and liver biopsies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.By R. RAU, K. PFENNINGER, and A. BONI (Rheumaklinik Stadtspital Triemliund Universitats Rheumaklinik, Zurich) In patients with rheumatoid arthritis a total of 117 liver biopsies and liver function tests were performed.Liver
TOTAL HYSTERECTOMY BY A NEW VAGINO-ABDOMINAL METHOD.
Authors: ALBERT H. TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Those of you who have seen much of the work in total extirpation of the uterus, have watched the progress of the cases through convalescence, and have studied the after results will, I believe, no longer express a doubt of the greater value of the total over the partial methods of hysterectomy, but will agree that the now important question for consideration is in regard to the method to be pursued and to the detail of operative finish. Owing to the variety of conditions for which the operation is indicated, and the great diversity of circumstances under which the operation is performed, no one method will entirely do away with all others, but improvements in the technique of any one will give it a wider range of usefulness, which must necessarily be at the loss of some other. In determining the value of an operation for total extirpation of the
Leukocytes and the Risk of Ischemic Diseases-Reply
Authors: Edzard Ernst
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In addition to discovering a regrettable mistake in citation, Drs Fava and Lamon-Fava speculate that the elevation of WBC counts is an epiphenomenon and that the true risk factors are stress or the type A behavior pattern. In contrast, we postulate that high WBC counts are an independent risk factor for ischemic disease. In support of this hypothesis, our article cites a large number of epidemiologic and clinical trials. These seem to suggest that even when other conventional risk factors are taken into account, the WBC count emerges as an independent predictive variable. In the second part of the article, we summarize the mechanisms by which WBCs could harm the circulation. Essentially, leukocytes may block the microcirculation because of their rheological behavior. Once trapped there, they can cause damage by releasing free radicals and enzymes. Thus, our hypothesis is supported by epidemiologic, clinical, rheological, and biochemical research. While
A Balanced Teaching Hospital
Authors: J. Badenoch
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Psycho-analysis has provided an enormous stimulus both to thought and to the practice and teaching of medicine.Indeed, it may well be asked if, without those internists who became analysts in the 1920s and 1930s, there would ever have come into being the subject we know to-day as psychosomatic medicine.The book helps us to understand this develop- ment.It is for the specialist reader who is able critically to assess the individual articles in the light of a more comprehensive understanding of anorexia nervosa than the authors present.
Tamoxifen-induced tumour regression associated with dermatomyositis.
Authors: A L Harris, I E Smith, M Snaith
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Tamoxifen-induced tumour regression associated with dermatomyositisCarcinoma of the breast is the commonest tumour associated with dermatomyositis and precedes the rash in only 20%, of cases.When the tumour is controlled with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or hormone treatment there may be improvement of the dermatomyosi- tis.'No cases have been described in which the tumour was regressing with treatment when dermatomyositis started.We describe three on 25 August
Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring of the Aqueous Humor of the Eye: Part I. Measurement of Very Small Optical Rotations
Authors: B Rabinovitch, W F March, Robert L Adams
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

We have described the concept of using the aqueous humor glucose as a measure of the blood glucose concentration, with a view to developing a noninvasive glucose monitor for diabetic individuals. We have conceived of a scleral lens that houses a light source, polarizers, other electro-optic units, and a light detector, and which measures the optical rotation of the aqueous humor continuously. We have built an optical bench mock-up of the glucose sensor and assessed the limits of its capabilities. We have described a physical method, employing the Faraday effect, that modulates the incident light and uses a compensator to introduce a feedback mechanism giving a null-point technique capable of measuring extremely small rotations with an accuracy of 0.4 s of arc. We have used this and have measured the optical rotations of glucose solutions from 0.02 to 0.1%, and have demonstrated linearity in both cases. Miniaturization of the technique is discussed.
What Genes Tell Us about the Pathogenesis of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Scott T. Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Recently a series of genome-wide association study manuscripts in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been published. These papers suggest that, in part, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a common genetic origin, and that this common origin is due to polymorphism in genes that are involved with the development of the lung. This Pulmonary Perspective discusses what we are learning from genome-wide association studies, where the field of genetics and genomics is headed, and how this knowledge will ultimately be put to use in clinical medicine.
Intrauterine device and cervical cancer: we need more evidence – Authors' reply
Authors: Xavier Castellsagué, Mireia Díaz, Salvatore Vaccarella, Silvia de Sanjosé, Nubia Muñoz, Rolando Herrero, Silvia Franceschi, Chris JLM Meijer, F Xavier Bosch
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2011)
Changes in Blood Lead Levels Associated with Use of Chloramines in Water Treatment Systems
Authors: Marie Lynn Miranda, Dohyeong Kim, Andrew P. Hull, Christopher J. Paul, M. Alicia Overstreet Galeano
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

More municipal water treatment plants are using chloramines as a disinfectant in order to reduce carcinogenic by-products. In some instances, this has coincided with an increase in lead levels in drinking water in those systems. Lead in drinking water can be a significant health risk.
Intranasal Eosinophilic Major Basic Protein May Have A Role As A Biological Marker For Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps
Authors: M.K. Elias, D. Squillace, H. Kita
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)

RATIONALE: The detection of eosinophilic markers, such as major basic protein, may be a useful diagnostic tool in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The aim of this study was to compare intranasal mucus major basic protein levels in chronic rhinosinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps. METHODS: A retrospective chart review included those patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who had intranasal major basic protein levels measured. The institutional review board approved this study. RESULTS: Intranasal major basic protein levels were measured in 255 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The mean age of the patients was 52 years (range 2-89 years) and 54% were male. Nasal polyps were present in 120 (47%) of the patients. In patients whose intranasal major basic protein level was above the lowest detection limit of 28 ng/mL (n= 129), 60% had nasal polyps. Eighty-three of the 135 patients (61%) without nasal polyps did not have detectable intranasal major basic protein. Patients with nasal polyps were significantly more likely to have intranasal major basic protein levels above 28 ng/mL compared to those without nasal polyps (P<0.001). The mean intranasal major basic protein level in patients not on oral or intranasal corticosteroids or intranasal anti-fungal medications with nasal polyps (n=31) was 124 ng/mL ± 27 (mean±SEM) compared to 27 ng/mL ± 4 in those without nasal polyps (n=47) (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Intranasal eosinophil major basic protein levels are elevated in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps. Intranasal eosinophil major basic protein may be useful as a biological marker for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Squamous papillomatosis of the trachea and bronchi
Authors: B. T. Le Roux, M. A. Williams, S. Kallichurum
Journal: Thorax (1969)

A squamous papilloma which occluded the trachea of a young man was managed by resection at tracheotomy. Thereafter it was possible further to examine the bronchi bronchoscopically, and widespread papillomatosis confined to the left bronchi was seen. Following bronchography, which showed left-sided bronchiectasis, left pneumonectomy was undertaken. Case details are presented and the literature which relates to bronchial papillomatosis is reviewed.
A piece of my mind. A lament for invalids
Authors: C. K. Meador
Journal: JAMA (1991)

The invalids have disappeared. And most of us didn't even notice. As best I can determine, I'm the only person who noticed the passing. A sociological event of that magnitude deserves at least some comment. My Great Aunt Sis was an invalid. She lived with her widowed niece and her bachelor nephew. Aunt Sis was a spinster, a common but by no means necessary condition to be an invalid. She lived until she was 89 years old, then died quietly in her sleep at home. When I was in medical school in the early 1950s, in the middle of the pathology course, I began to wonder what specific disease had killed each family member. Aunt Sis came to mind. What dreadful disease could keep a woman in bed for 20 years, yet could remit, even vanish for periods? On most of our visits Aunt Sis would sit in her room
OSTEOCALCIN POSITIVE CD133&amp;plus;/CD34-/KDR&amp;plus; PROGENITOR CELLS AS MARKERS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND PROGNOSIS
Authors: Andreas J. Flammer, Mario Goessl, Martin Reriani, Lilach Lerman, Robert Simari, Sundeep Khosla, Amir Lerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The first case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the e19a2 BCR–ABL1 transcript: imatinib therapy followed by unrelated donor transplantation induces a durable molecular response
Authors: E K Jeon, J Lim, M Kim, S-A Yahng, S-E Lee, B-S Cho, Y-J Kim, H-J Kim, C-K Min, S-G Cho, D-W Kim, J-W Lee, W-S Min, C-W Park, S Lee
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
TREATMENT OF BILHARZIAL INFECTION BY TARTAR EMETIC
Authors: A. Innes
Journal: BMJ (1919)

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) preferentially infects tumor tissues and the accumulated CMV immediate-early (IE) antigen may lead to tumor promotion and progression. The development of strategies to inhibit human CMV IE antigen expression and/or function is an important goal to prevent and treat certain forms of cancers associated with human CMV. The aim of this study was to search for antitumor promoters from plant sources. The effect of six macrocyclic lathyrane-type diterpenoids, latilagascenes A-E (<b>1-5</b>) and jolkinol B (<b>6</b>), isolated from the methanol extract of Euphorbia lagascae, on the expression of IE antigen in lung cancer cells (A549) infected by CMV was studied. All the compounds, except latilagascene D (<b>4</b>), decreased IE antigen expression of CMV.
Who Benefits From Medical Savings Accounts?
Authors: Timothy McBride
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Keeler and colleagues<sup>1</sup>provide us with insight into patient behavior in choosing between fee-for-service (FFS) and MSA options. Using the RAND Health Insurance Experiment model, they demonstrate that the likelihood of market segmentation as a result of MSAs, with healthy consumers choosing health insurance programs that offer financial incentives, depends on the size of the MSA deductible: specifically, the larger the deductible, the larger the market segmentation. However, the effect of managed care (MC) on market segmentation, when compared with the MSA and FFS options, is not described. We have modified the Figure contained in their analysis to highlight consumer behavior in choosing among FFS, MSA, and MC options. In our Figure, the MSA and FFS lines are similar to those in Keeler et al. The less steep slope of the FFS line reflects the presence of a co-payment. The MC option is shown as a horizontal line,
Letter: Achalasia of the cardia.
Authors: F R Berridge
Journal: BMJ (1974)

11337 (48 %) of the women were known to have 'stopped taking the pill, 7,563 (320%,) were lost or withdrawn, and only 4,711 (20%) were known to be still taking the pill at the time of the final analysis.The main reason given for stopping the pill was iinter- current morbidity (33.6%).This was mostly depression and headaches.However, it is stated, "the report shows that only in a small fractilon of these diseases is there any
STUDIES ON BACTERIAL NUTRITION
Authors: Oswald T. Avery, Hugh J. Morgan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. Certain anaerobic bacteria grow under aerobic conditions in plain broth in the presence of sterile unheated plant tissue. 2. Aerobic growth of anaerobic bacteria under the above conditions may be related to the presence of growth-accessory substances, and to the action of oxidizing-reducing systems of plant tissue in the destruction of toxic peroxides of bacterial origin.