tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Person and Diabetes in Psychosocial Context
Authors: David MacRae Holmes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

This review spans life with diabetes from the first year through the succeeding period of relatively good health, into the phase when the patient needs to accommodate for more symptoms and impaired functioning. Focusing on autonomy, vulnerability to fears, and vocational choices, this article compares effects of diabetes on children and youths with effects on those with onset in later life. A concept of biopsychosocial homeostasis helps to explain: (1) why patients turn to a physician when they do; (2) how the physician may often save the patient time and money by helping that patient to change psychological and social components of well-being and functioning—and highlights the importance of these; (3) how to treat depressive disorder; (4) how to discuss worst fears and encourage patients to play with their unpleasant imaginings; and (5) how to reduce hypoglycemia. Repeated hypoglycemic episodes have the cumulative deleterious effect of undercutting the patient's and others' sense that the patient is dependable, with impaired performance and even serious occupational and marital repercussions. Educational tactics are suggested for the patient with IDDM who finds it harder to identify early levels of hypoglycemia; that patient must learn to respond to specific clues of mild hypoglycemia, stemming from defective thinking and emotional and sexual functioning. There is no substitute for a full history and an empathic understanding of the patient's imaginings, relationships, and circumstances.
Coelectrotransfer to skeletal muscle of three plasmids coding for antiangiogenic factors and regulatory factors of the tetracycline-inducible system: tightly regulated expression, inhibition of transplanted tumor growth, and antimetastatic effect
Authors: Dominique Martel-Renoir, Véronique Trochon-Joseph, Ariane Galaup, Céline Bouquet, Franck Griscelli, Paule Opolon, David Opolon, Elisabeth Connault, Lluis Mir, Michel Perricaudet
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

We describe an approach employing intramuscular plasmid electrotransfer to deliver secretable forms of K1-5 and K1-3-HSA (a fusion of K1-3 with human serum albumin), which span, respectively, five and three of the five kringle domains of plasminogen. A tetracycline-inducible system (Tet-On) composed of three plasmids coding, respectively, for the transgene, the tetracycline transcriptional activator rtTA, and the silencer tTS was employed. K1-3-HSA and K1-5, produced from C2C12 muscle cells, were found to inhibit endothelial cell (HMEC-1) proliferation by 30 and 51%, respectively. In vivo, the expression of the transgene upon doxycycline stimulation was rapid, stable, and tightly regulated (no background expression) and could be maintained for at least 3 months. Blood half-lives of 2.1 and 3.7 days were found for K1-5 and K1-3-HSA, respectively. The K1-5 protein was secreted from muscle into blood at a level of 45 ng/ml, which was sufficient to inhibit MDA-MB-231 tumor growth by 81% in nude mice and B16-F10 melanoma cell lung invasion in C57BL/6 mice by 73%. PECAM-1 immunostaining studies revealed modest tumor vasculature in mice expressing K1-5. In contrast, K1-3-HSA, although secreted into blood at much higher level (250 ng/ml) than K1-5, had no effect on tumor growth.
A mouse p53 mutant lacking the proline-rich domain rescues Mdm4 deficiency and provides insight into the Mdm2-Mdm4-p53 regulatory network
Authors: Franck Toledo, Kurt A. Krummel, Crystal J. Lee, Chung-Wen Liu, Luo-Wei Rodewald, Mengjia Tang, Geoffrey M. Wahl
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)
Plaque Volume and Occurrence and Location of Periprocedural Myocardial Necrosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Italo Porto, Joseph B. Selvanayagam, William J. Van Gaal, Francesco Prati, Adrian Cheng, Keith Channon, Stefan Neubauer, Adrian P. Banning
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Myocardial necrosis can occur during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) despite optimal adjunctive pharmacology and careful technique. We investigated the mechanisms of procedural infarction using angiographic analysis, intravascular ultrasound, and delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging.Fifty-two patients (64 vessels) who underwent complex PCI were studied. All patients were preloaded with clopidogrel and received glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. "Adjacent" myonecrosis was defined as the presence of an area of new gadolinium hyperenhancement close to the stent. "Distal" myonecrosis was defined as situated at least 10 mm downstream from the stent. Fifteen vessels (23%) had evidence of new hyperenhancement after PCI. Of these, 8 (12%) had the distal type, and 7 (11%) had the adjacent type. Intravascular ultrasound showed a significantly greater reduction in plaque volume (91.6+/-51.5 versus 8+/-14 versus 20+/-35 mm3; P < 0.001) in the group with distal hyperenhancement compared with patients without new hyperenhancement or adjacent hyperenhancement. In the entire sample, a significant correlation was seen between changes in plaque volume (rho = 0.58, P < 0.001) after PCI and the mass of new necrosis measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction perfusion grade assessment of a closed microvasculature after PCI carried an odds ratio of 8.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 46.1; P = 0.02) for the occurrence of hyperenhancement, whereas side-branch occlusion was associated with an odds ratio of 16.2 (95% confidence interval, 2.6 to 102.5; P = 0.03). However, a closed microvasculature was associated with distal hyperenhancement (P = 0.02), and side-branch occlusion was associated with adjacent hyperenhancement (P < 0.001).These data suggest that distal embolization of plaque material occurs in contemporary PCI of native coronary arteries. Efforts to minimize procedural necrosis may require careful review of side branch anatomy and/or use of distal protection during extensive coronary stenting.
Elevated Levels of Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, Lymphocytic Micronuclei, and Serum Glutathione <i>S</i> -Transferase in Workers Exposed to Coke Oven Emissions
Authors: Ai-Lin Liu, Wen-Qing Lu, Zeng-Zhen Wang, Wei-Hong Chen, Wen-Hong Lu, Jing Yuan, Pei-Hong Nan, Jian-Ya Sun, Ya-Lin Zou, Li-Hong Zhou, Chi Zhang, Tang-Chun Wu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

To investigate associations among occupational exposure to coke oven emissions (COEs), oxidative stress, cytogenotoxic effects, change in the metabolizing enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), and internal levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coke oven workers, we recruited 47 male coke oven workers and 31 male control subjects from a coke oven plant in northern China. We measured the levels of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 8-hydroxy-2 -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine, micronucleated binucleated cells (BNMNs) in peripheral blood lymphocyte, and GST in serum. Our results showed that the group exposed to COEs had significantly increased levels of 1-OHP [median 5.7; interquartile range (IQR), 1.4-12.0 micromol/mol creatinine] compared with the control group (3; 0.5-6.4 micromol/mol creatinine). In addition, the median levels (IQR) of 8-OHdG, BNMNs, and GST were markedly increased in the exposed [1.9 (1.4-15.4) micromol/mol creatinine; 6 (2-8) per thousand ; 22.1 (14.9-31.2) U/L, respectively] compared with controls [1.3 (1.0-4.0) micromol/mol creatinine, 2 (0-4) per thousand; and 13.1 (9.5-16.7) U/L, respectively]. These results appeared to be modified by smoking. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that exposure to COEs had the highest odds ratio among variables analyzed and that smoking was not a significant confounder of the levels of studied biomarkers. Overall, the present findings suggest that COE exposure led to increased internal PAH burden, genetic damage, oxidative stress, and GST activity. The consequences of the changes in these biomarkers, such as risk of cancer, warrant further investigations.
Accumulation of radionuclides by plants as a monitor system.
Authors: J J Koranda, W L Robison
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The accumulation of radionuclides by plants acting as a monitoring system in the environment may occur by two modes; foliar absorption by the leaves and shoot of the plant, or by root uptake from the soil. Data on plant accumulation of radionuclides may be obtained from studies of fission product radionuclides deposited as worldwide fallout, and from tracer studies of plant physiology. The epidermal features of plant foliage may exert an effect upon particle retention by leaves, and subsequent uptake of radionuclides from the surface. The transport of radionuclides across the cuticle and epidermis of plant leaves is determined in part by the anatomy of the leaf, and by physiological factors. The foliar uptake of fallout radionuclides, 99Sr, 131I, and 137Cs, is described with examples from the scientific literature. The environmental half-life of 131I, for example, is considerably shorter than its physical half-life because of physical and biological factors which may produce a half-life as short as 0.23/day. 99Sr and 137Cs are readily taken up by the leaf, but 137Cs undergoes more translocation into fruit and seeds than 99Sr which tends to remain in the plant part in which it was initially absorbed. Soil-root uptake is conditioned primarily by soil chemical and physical factors which may selectively retain a radionuclide, such as 137Cs. The presence of organic matter, inorganic colloids (clay), and competing elements will strongly affect the uptake of 99Sr and 137Cs by plants from the soil. The role of plants as monitors of radionuclides is twofold: as monitors of recent atmospheric releases of radionuclides; and as indicators of the long-term behavior of aged deposits of radionuclides in the soil.
EXPERIMENTS TOWARDS THE PREVENTION OF MALARIA IN THE FEDERATED MALAY STATES
Authors: M. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1908)

AN account, however incomplete, which will tend to render the distribution of some of the rarer diseases more accurate is in itself useful, and this is my reaEon for publishing these few notes on a case I believe to be infectious jaundice.The identity of infectious jaundice with Weil's disease-originally described by Well of Heidelberg In 1886-is, I believe, doubtful, the latter being at any rate a much milder complaint.Up to the present time the disease has been supposed to be limited to the Mediterranean basiin, cases being reported from Egypt, Syria, Turkey, and Greece.Exactly the same statement was made, not so very long ago, as regards Malta fever, until Bruce's discovery in 1887 made It possible to demonstrate the disease In places as far apart as India, China, the West Indies, Brazll, the United States, and even in England.During eight years' practice in Port Said, Egypt, I can recall four fairly definite cases of infectious jaundice, and now, having been in this country ,only four months, I believe I have already seen two cases of a similar nature.Of one of these cases I will give an account, it having been rather more fully Investigated than the other.The patient, a sohoolmaster, 29 years of age, had lived in the Federated Malay States since 1902.Syphilitic infection had taken place some months (exact period not known) previous to his illness.The course of the case was as follows:March 28th, 1907.Malaise and slight fever.
B-TYPE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE1-32 HAS LIPOLYTIC EFFECTS IN ADIPOSE TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HEART FAILURE
Authors: Vojtech Melenovsky, Jan Polak, Martin Kotrc, Zuzana Wedelova, Antonin Jabor, Ivan Malek, Josef Kautzner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Surgery of the Shoulder
Authors: Ramon B. Gustilo
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This outstanding book reflects the author's extensive knowledge in both basic research and clinical experience regarding problems of the shoulder joint. He presents embryology, functional anatomy, and surgical exposure in a most interesting, logical, and concise manner. He correlates the pathological, physiological, and anatomical changes from normal to disease states with convincing data. His arguments for and against old accepted precepts—such as the action of the supraspinatus and deltoid muscles in abduction, and various surgical exposures and procedures—and at the same time the strong expressions of his own preferences, with sound reasoning, make the whole book interesting and informative reading. He presents the opposite views fairly, and dissects them to bits logically. Every surgeon should relish the numerous excellent illustrations in surgical exposures in detailed sequential steps from skin exposure to closure. The chapters on the shoulder lesion associated with degenerative changes and the unstable shoulder, are excellent testimonies again
Unique Vascular Skin Lesions Associated With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Elizabeth H. Knobler
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We report four patients with antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who were noted to have unique vascular lesions that clinically resembled Kaposi's sarcoma or pyogenic granulomas. The lesions were asymptomatic erythematous-violaceous papules and nodules. They erupted over several weeks, without predilection for a specific cutaneous site. Most lesions resolved spontaneously. Histologically these lesions revealed a proliferation of vascular spaces lined by plump, cuboidal endothelial cells embedded in an edematous stroma with an inflammatory infiltrate. It is unclear if these lesions represent Kaposi's sarcoma or pyogenic granulomas or if they are distinct neoplasms associated with human immunodeficiency virus.
Intraoperative training on the techniques of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer.
Authors: JF Delaloye, S Pampallona, P Cuchard, JF Monod, Y Brunisholz
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1016 Background: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is an accurate procedure for axillary staging and the surgeons' experience is crucial for its proper application. A training session involving 20-30 cases is widely practiced. In order to speed up this learning curve, surgeons were trained intraoperatively by one instructor. The purpose of this report was to evaluate the procedure by comparing the results of the instructor with those of the trainees.&amp;#x2028; Material and Methods: Patients with invasive breast cancer (T0-T2[&amp;lt;3cm]N0M0) were considered eligible. Lymphatic mapping was obtained by peritumoral or periareolar injections of technetium with or without blue dye. Complementary axillary lymph node (LN) dissection was performed when SNB was unsuccessful or when SN were positive. Patients were distributed in 4 groups : (i) teacher's learning curve (SNB followed by complementary axillary dissection) (n=40), (ii) SNB by instructor (n=130), (iii) SNB by trainees with supervision from instructor (n=63), and (iv) SNB by trainees alone (n=303). The criteria of patients' selection, the parameters of success of the SNB procedure, and the LN metastases were compared. Reported p-values compare groups (ii) to (iv).&amp;#x2028; Results : From May 1999 to December 2007, 808 patients underwent a SNB. The SN identification rate was 98% in the group (i), 98% in the group (ii), 97% in the group (iii), and 99% in the group (iv) (p=0.196). SN were positive in respectively 28%, 31%, 28%, and 29% of patients. Overall positive nodes (SN and LN) were diagnosed in respectively 28%, 31%, 30%, and 30% of patients (p=0.833). The distribution of isolated tumor cells, micrometastases, and metastases was not statistically different between the four groups (p=0.163).&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: These comparable results confirm the success with which the SNB was taught. This strategy avoided the 20-30 SNB with complementary axillary dissection. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1016.
REPORT OF A FATAL CASE OF DERMATITIS FOLLOWING ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF A SINGLE DOSE OF NOVARSENOBILLON
Authors: A. REITH FRASER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

Journal Article REPORT OF A FATAL CASE OF DERMATITIS FOLLOWING ON THE ADMINISTRATION OF A SINGLE DOSE OF NOVARSENOBILLON Get access A. REITH FRASER, M.D. A. REITH FRASER, M.D. Lecturer on Venereal Diseases in the University of Cape Town Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 35, Issue 5, 1 May 1923, Pages 197–204, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1923.tb09106.x Published: 01 May 1923
Thrombolysis and Thrombolytic Agents
Authors: Kenneth M. Brinkhous
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Thrombolytic agents, capable of dissolving fresh thrombi or emboli, are usually activators of plasminogen (profibrinolysin), plasmin (fibrinolysin), or plasmin-activator mixtures. Streptokinase, urokinase, and other plasminogen activators have been used as thrombolytic agents with encouraging results. The question whether plasmin or a plasminogen activator is the better thrombolytic agent may be answered when preparations of greater purity are tested. Accurate methods for standardizing these drugs have not yet been devised. While commercially available thrombolytic agents have been used in thrombophlebitis and other thromboembolic disorders with seemingly good results, further experimental and clinical evaluation is needed to determine the therapeutic usefulness of these agents.
Circulatory Assistance and Emergency Direct Coronary Artery Surgery for Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Eldred D. Mundth, Peter M. Yurchak, Mortimer J. Buckley, Robert C. Leinbach, Arthur Kantrowitz, W. Gerald Austen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

CUMULATIVE experience has shown that the mortality of persistent shock complicating acute myocardial infarction is in the range of 75 to 80 per cent despite the prompt institution of therapy with vasopressor and inotropic agents.1 2 3 Patients who fail to respond to these therapeutic measures have a mortality of virtually 100 per cent.4 Diastolic augmentation of arterial pressure by electrocardiographically synchronized phasic inflation and deflation of a segmented balloon inserted into the descending thoracic aorta via the femoral artery has been established as an effective method of mechanical circulatory assistance. This technic has been shown to be of value as a . . .
Minimal modification in the factor VIII B-domain sequence ameliorates the murine hemophilia A phenotype
Authors: Joshua I. Siner, Nicholas P. Iacobelli, Denise E. Sabatino, Lacramiora Ivanciu, Shangzhen Zhou, Mortimer Poncz, Rodney M. Camire, Valder R. Arruda
Journal: Blood (2013)
Interrelationship of mid-diastolic mitral valve motion, pulmonary venous flow, and transmitral flow.
Authors: G Keren, J S Meisner, J Sherez, E L Yellin, S Laniado
Journal: Circulation (1986)

This study offers a unifying mechanism of left ventricular filling dynamics to link the unexplained mid-diastolic motion of the mitral valve with an associated increase in transmitral flow, with the phasic character of pulmonary vein flow, and with changes in the atrioventricular pressure difference. M mode echograms of mitral valve motion and Doppler echocardiograms of mitral and pulmonary vein flow velocities were recorded in 12 healthy volunteers (heart rate = 60 +/- 9 beats/min). All echocardiograms showed an undulation in the mitral valve (L motion) at a relatively constant delay from the peak of the diastolic phase of pulmonary vein flow (K phase). In six subjects, the L motion was also associated with a distinct wave of mitral flow (L wave). Measured from the onset of the QRS complex, Q-K was 577 +/- 39 msec; Q-L was 703 +/- 42 msec, and K-L was 125 +/- 16 msec. Multiple measurements within each subject during respiratory variations in RR interval indicated exceptionally small differences in the temporal relationships (mean coefficient of variation 2%). Early rapid flow deceleration is caused by a reversal of the atrioventricular pressure gradient, and the L wave arises from the subsequent reestablishment of a positive gradient due to left atrial filling via the pulmonary veins. The mitral valve moves passively in response to the flowing blood and the associated pressure difference. This interpretation is confirmed by (1) a computational model, and (2) a retrospective analysis of data from patients with mitral stenosis and from conscious dogs instrumented to measure transmitral pressure-flow relationships.
Association of Inhaled Corticosteroid Use With Cataract Extraction in Elderly Patients
Authors: Edeltraut Garbe
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—The use of systemic corticosteroids is a known risk factor for the development of cataracts.Objective.—To determine whether treatment with inhaled corticosteroids is associated with cataract extraction in the elderly.Design.—Case-control study.Setting.—Quebec universal health insurance program for all elderly (provincial health insurance plan database [RAMQ database]).Patients.—RAMQ enrollees 70 years and older. The 3677 cases were patients with a cataract extraction between 1992 and 1994. The 21868 controls were randomly selected from patients who did not have a diagnosis of cataract and matched to cases on the index date of the case.Main Outcome Measures.—Odds ratio of cataract extraction in patients with prolonged cumulative exposure to inhaled corticosteroids compared with nonusers.Results.—Excluding patients with systemic steroid treatment and after adjusting for age, sex, diabetes, systemic hypertension, glaucoma, ophthalmic steroids, and the number of physician claims for services, use of inhaled corticosteroids for more than 3 years was associated with undergoing cataract extraction (odds ratio [OR], 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-6.13). For high average daily doses of beclomethasone or budesonide (>1 mg), the OR was elevated after more than 2 years of treatment (OR, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.49-7.76), whereas for low to medium doses (≤1 mg) of these drugs, the OR was 1.63 (95% CI, 0.85-3.13) after 2 years.Conclusion.—Prolonged administration of high doses of inhaled corticosteroids increases the likelihood of undergoing cataract extraction in elderly patients. Further studies are needed to investigate the risk of developing cataracts for low to medium doses over longer periods.
Test sequence in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: A. Sonnenberg
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

<b>Background and study aim: </b>A large variety of test procedures is available to diagnose and treat patients with suspected gastrointestinal bleeding. The aim of the study was to investigate which test sequence should be utilized in managing gastrointestinal bleeding. <b>Methods:</b> For each endoscopic, radiologic, or laboratory test procedure, professional fees and facility costs were estimated based on payments allowed by the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services during the fiscal year 2010. A threshold analysis was used to compare the costs associated with different test sequences of varying clinical scenarios. <b>Results:</b> A threshold represents the lowest expected probability of success, for which a test would still be indicated. In a work-up including all possible management options, the threshold associated with laboratory tests and gastric lavage was 1 %, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) 8 %, colonoscopy 9 %, nuclear scan 9 %, enteroscopy 11 %, computed tomography (CT) angiography 14 %, capsule endoscopy 23 %, and angiography with transcatheter embolization 25 %. Varying sets of thresholds were calculated for different clinical scenarios. The thresholds of EGD and colonoscopy remained low in most scenarios. In sensitivity analysis, rising risk of complications or costs of a procedure also lead to rising threshold values for it, potentially rendering the particular procedure untenable. <b>Conclusions:</b> A low threshold indicated a preferred management option that should be used early rather than late in a sequence of multiple possible test procedures to work up instances of gastrointestinal bleeding.