tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late HDV RNA relapse after peginterferon alpha-based therapy of chronic hepatitis delta
Authors: Benjamin Heidrich, Cihan Yurdaydın, Gökhan Kabaçam, Boris A. Ratsch, Kalliopi Zachou, Birgit Bremer, George N. Dalekos, Andreas Erhardt, Fehmi Tabak, Kendal Yalcin, Selim Gürel, Stefan Zeuzem, Markus Cornberg, C.-Thomas Bock, Michael P. Manns, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Interferon alpha is the only treatment option for hepatitis delta virus (HDV). Trials investigating the efficacy of pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFNa) showed HDV RNA negativity rates of 25-30% 24 weeks after therapy. However, the clinical and virological long-term outcome of HDV-infected patients treated with PEG-IFNa is unknown. We performed a retrospective-prospective follow-up of 77 patients treated for 48 weeks with either PEG-alfa-2a and adefovir (ADV) or either drug alone in the Hep-Net-International-Delta-Hepatitis-Intervention-Study 1 (HIDIT-1) trial. Long-term follow-up data were available for 58 out of 77 patients (75%) with a median time of follow-up of 4.5 (0.5-5.5) years and a median 3 visits per patient. Patients treated with ADV alone received retreatment with PEG-IFNa (48% versus 19%; P = 0.02) more often. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) became negative in six PEG-IFNa-treated patients until the end of long-term follow-up (10%). Sixteen patients tested HDV RNA-negative 6 months after PEG-IFNa treatment who were entered in the long-term follow-up study. Out of these, nine individuals tested HDV RNA-positive at least once during further long-term follow-up, with seven patients being HDV RNA-positive at the most recent visit. Clinical endpoints (liver-related death, liver transplantation, hepatic decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma) were observed in three PEG-IFNa-treated (8%) and three ADV-treated (14%) patients during posttreatment long-term follow-up with an overall annual event rate of 2.5% (4.9% in cirrhosis). Sequencing confirmed the reappearance of pretreatment virus strains in all cases.Late HDV RNA relapses may occur after PEG-IFNa therapy of hepatitis delta and thus the term sustained virological response should be avoided in HDV infection. The annual posttreatment rate of clinical events in hepatitis delta patients eligible for PEG-IFNa therapy is about 2.5% and 4.9% in patients with cirrhosis.
Aluminum phosphide-induced esophageal stricture: an unusual complication
Authors: S. Nijhawan, M. Rastogi, M. Tandon, A. Mathur, R. Rai
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Aluminum phosphide is a solid fumigant pesticide used for preserving grains. We report here on six cases of aluminum phosphide poisoning presenting as esophageal strictures.
Evaluation of surfactant treatment strategies after prolonged graft storage in lung transplantation.
Authors: R J Novick, J MacDonald, R A Veldhuizen, F Wan, J Duplan, L Denning, F Possmayer, A A Gilpin, L J Yao, D Bjarneson, J F Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We have previously documented alterations in endogenous surfactant after lung transplantation and improved graft function in some dogs after instillation of bovine lipid extract surfactant (bLES) into the recipient. To determine the effect of bLES delivery method and timing of treatment on physiologic response and surfactant recovery, 21 canine left lung grafts were divided into four groups: (1) Treatment of the donor for 3 h with aerosolized bLES prior to graft storage (Donor Aerosol); (2) Treatment of the recipient with instilled bLES immediately after transplantation (Recipient Instilled); (3) No bLES treatment (Control); and (4) Aerosolized bLES in donors and instilled bLES in recipients (Combined Therapy). Aerosolized bLES was labeled with [3H]-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and instilled bLES with [14C]-DPPC. Grafts were stored for 36 h, transplanted and reperfused for 6 h. The native right and transplanted left lungs were then lavaged and protein yield, surfactant aggregates, and bLES recovery were measured. After 6 h of reperfusion, PO2/FlO2 ratio was significantly better after Combined Therapy (372 +/- 52 mm Hg) than in the Recipient Instilled (117 +/- 47 mm Hg) and Control groups (87 +/- 26 mm Hg), with intermediate values in Donor Aerosol dogs (232 +/- 64 mm Hg). The recovery of donor aerosolized bLES from transplanted lungs was increased in dogs given Combined Therapy versus Donor Aerosol treatment alone (p = 0.03). Furthermore, with Combined Therapy there was an increased percentage of instilled bLES recovered from transplanted lungs compared with the Recipient Instilled group. We conclude that surfactant treatment strategies influence physiologic response and bLES recovery after prolonged lung preservation. Treatment of lung donors with exogenous surfactant prior to graft storage was associated with less severe lung injury. Combined donor and recipient bLES therapy resulted in a superior physiologic response during reperfusion in this model.
Defective telomere elongation and hematopoiesis from telomerase-mutant aplastic anemia iPSCs
Authors: Thomas Winkler, So Gun Hong, Jake E. Decker, Mary J. Morgan, Chuanfeng Wu, William M. Hughes, Yanqin Yang, Danny Wangsa, Hesed M. Padilla-Nash, Thomas Ried, Neal S. Young, Cynthia E. Dunbar, Rodrigo T. Calado
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Critically short telomeres activate p53-mediated apoptosis, resulting in organ failure and leading to malignant transformation. Mutations in genes responsible for telomere maintenance are linked to a number of human diseases. We derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from 4 patients with aplastic anemia or hypocellular bone marrow carrying heterozygous mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) or the telomerase RNA component (TERC) telomerase genes. Both mutant and control iPSCs upregulated TERT and TERC expression compared with parental fibroblasts, but mutant iPSCs elongated telomeres at a lower rate compared with healthy iPSCs, and the deficit correlated with the mutations’ impact on telomerase activity. There was no evidence for alternative lengthening of telomere (ALT) pathway activation. Elongation varied among iPSC clones derived from the same patient and among clones from siblings harboring identical mutations. Clonal heterogeneity was linked to genetic and environmental factors, but was not influenced by residual expression of reprogramming transgenes. Hypoxia increased telomere extension in both mutant and normal iPSCs. Additionally, telomerase-mutant iPSCs showed defective hematopoietic differentiation in vitro, mirroring the clinical phenotype observed in patients and demonstrating that human telomere diseases can be modeled utilizing iPSCs. Our data support the necessity of studying multiple clones when using iPSCs to model disease.
Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Preterm Infants — Who Benefits?
Authors: Richard J. Martin, Michele C. Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Endogenously released nitric oxide is widely recognized to play a key role in multiple vertebrate organ systems, and its deficiency disrupts pulmonary parenchymal and vascular development. These observations have suggested that exogenously inhaled nitric oxide might protect the respiratory and the central nervous systems during a critical phase of development and thus improve outcomes in preterm infants.In this issue of the Journal, Mestan et al.1 and Van Meurs et al.2 assess the utility of inhaled nitric oxide in preterm neonates with respiratory failure, with contrasting results. Mestan and colleagues report improved cognitive neurodevelopmental outcome in two-year-olds who had been . . .
Sulfalene and Trimethoprim In Acute Falciparum Malaria
Authors: D. F. Clyde
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Drs. Martin and Arnold (<b>203</b>:476, 1968) reported favorably upon the use of a combination of sulfalene and trimethoprim in acute falciparum malaria, 0.75 gm of sulfalene and 0.5 gm of trimethoprim being administered as a single dose to patients infected with the chloroquine-resistant Malaya (Camp) strain. Radical cure was obtained in ten of 11 patients, and the single recrudescence was cured upon repetition of the treatment. The same success has not been achieved against a more recent chloroquine-resistant isolate, the Malaya (Poo) strain, in the Maryland nonimmune volunteer test system with methods essentially similar to those of Drs. Martin and Arnold. The results of treatment of acute falciparum malaria with combination doses not smaller than those mentioned above are shown in the Table. The drugs were given as a single dose in the first two schedules listed, and in divided doses over a 24-hour period in
Methotrexate pneumonitis in a psoriatic
Authors: E. FROM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

A life-threatening respiratory disease, characterized by fever, cough, dyspnoea, cyanosis and wide-spread bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, developed in a 40-year-old patient receiving intermittent methotrexate therapy for psoriasis. Blood eosinophilia accompanied the illness. A prominent feature in the clinical picture was a discrepancy between auscultatory findings and the pronounced changes in the chest X-ray. Systemic corticosteroids produced rapid improvement. It is suggested that the pulmonary syndrome represents a hypersensitivity reaction.
Elastic band injuries.
Authors: G Glew
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Elastic band injuries. Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
907. Gene Therapy for Genetic Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) Deficiency; an Update
Authors: Jaap Rip, Melchior C. Nierman, Jeroen A. Sierts, Colin J. Ross, Michael R. Hayden, Albertine de Jong, Paul Dijkhuizen, Wim Hermens, Jaap Twisk, John J. Kastelein, Jan Albert Kuivenhoven, Janneke M. Meulenberg
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency cannot be effectively treated and causes severe hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis. We have reported that adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) based gene therapy normalizes triglyceride levels in LPL deficient mice and cats. The current study evaluates safety and biodistribution of the same vector, AAV1-LPLS447X, and addresses clinical application. Toxicological analysis after intramuscular administration of AAV1-LPLS447X (1E11-1E13 gc/kg) in murine dose-escalation studies did not reveal clinical or hematological changes. Shortly after administration (7 days), vector DNA was found in injected muscle, draining lymph nodes, and filtering organs while spread to reproductive organs was limited. 28 and 90 days post injection, vector DNA levels dissipated in all tissues except for injected muscle and lymph nodes. Furthermore, we studied 6 LPL deficient patients to assess eligibility for a first clinical trial. All presented with absence of LPL catalytic activity but LPL protein levels were 19-103% of normal. Infection of patient's myoblasts with AAV1-LPLS447X resulted in the secretion of catalytically active LPL in all cases. The efficacy and safety data obtained so far support the initiation of a clinical trial to test this vector in LPL deficient patients.
Pulmonary Tumor Embolism From Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Teruki Sone, Kunihiko Yoshikawa, Masao Fukunaga
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Of the many causes of dyspnea in patients with cancer, pulmonary tumor embolism is one of the most difficult to diagnose. We report a case of massive pulmonary tumor emboli detected on F-18 FDG PET/CT. PET/CT showed areas of intense accumulation corresponding to the sites of pulmonary emboli detected on contrast-enhanced CT. High serum levels of β-human chorionic gonadotropin suggested tumor embolism from choriocarcinoma, which was confirmed on autopsy. This case illustrates the usefulness of F-18 FDG PET for differentiating tumor embolism from thromboembolism.
Baculovirus: an Insect-derived Vector for Diverse Gene Transfer Applications
Authors: Kari J Airenne, Yu-Chen Hu, Thomas A Kost, Richard H Smith, Robert M Kotin, Chikako Ono, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Shu Wang, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

Insect-derived baculoviruses have emerged as versatile and safe workhorses of biotechnology. Baculovirus expression vectors (BEVs) have been applied widely for crop and forest protection, as well as safe tools for recombinant protein production in insect cells. However, BEVs ability to efficiently transduce noninsect cells is still relatively poorly recognized despite the fact that efficient baculovirus-mediated in vitro and ex vivo gene delivery into dormant and dividing vertebrate cells of diverse origin has been described convincingly by many authors. Preliminary proof of therapeutic potential has also been established in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the advantages and current status of baculovirus-mediated gene delivery. Stem cell transduction, preclinical animal studies, tissue engineering, vaccination, cancer gene therapy, viral vector production, and drug discovery are covered. Insect-derived baculoviruses have emerged as versatile and safe workhorses of biotechnology. Baculovirus expression vectors (BEVs) have been applied widely for crop and forest protection, as well as safe tools for recombinant protein production in insect cells. However, BEVs ability to efficiently transduce noninsect cells is still relatively poorly recognized despite the fact that efficient baculovirus-mediated in vitro and ex vivo gene delivery into dormant and dividing vertebrate cells of diverse origin has been described convincingly by many authors. Preliminary proof of therapeutic potential has also been established in preclinical studies. This review summarizes the advantages and current status of baculovirus-mediated gene delivery. Stem cell transduction, preclinical animal studies, tissue engineering, vaccination, cancer gene therapy, viral vector production, and drug discovery are covered.
Survival Following Primary Androgen Deprivation Therapy Among Men With Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Grace L. Lu-Yao, Peter C. Albertsen, Dirk F. Moore, Weichung Shih, Yong Lin, Robert S. DiPaola, Siu-Long Yao
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Despite a lack of data, increasing numbers of patients are receiving primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) as an alternative to surgery, radiation, or conservative management for the treatment of localized prostate cancer.To evaluate the association between PADT and survival in elderly men with localized prostate cancer.A population-based cohort study of 19,271 men aged 66 years or older receiving Medicare who did not receive definitive local therapy for clinical stage T1-T2 prostate cancer. These patients were diagnosed in 1992-2002 within predefined US geographical areas, with follow-up through December 31, 2006, for all-cause mortality and through December 31, 2004, for prostate cancer-specific mortality. Instrumental variable analysis was used to address potential biases associated with unmeasured confounding variables.Prostate cancer-specific survival and overall survival.Among patients with localized prostate cancer (median age, 77 years), 7867 (41%) received PADT, and 11,404 were treated with conservative management, not including PADT. During the follow-up period, there were 1560 prostate cancer deaths and 11,045 deaths from all causes. Primary androgen deprivation therapy was associated with lower 10-year prostate cancer-specific survival (80.1% vs 82.6%; hazard ratio [HR], 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.33) and no increase in 10-year overall survival (30.2% vs 30.3%; HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.96-1.05) compared with conservative management. However, in a prespecified subset analysis, PADT use in men with poorly differentiated cancer was associated with improved prostate cancer-specific survival (59.8% vs 54.3%; HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.70-1.00; P = .049) but not overall survival (17.3% vs 15.3%; HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.84-1.01).Primary androgen deprivation therapy is not associated with improved survival among the majority of elderly men with localized prostate cancer when compared with conservative management.
The IL-33/ST2 axis augments effector T-cell responses during acute GVHD
Authors: Dawn K. Reichenbach, Vincent Schwarze, Benjamin M. Matta, Victor Tkachev, Elisabeth Lieberknecht, Quan Liu, Brent H. Koehn, Dietmar Pfeifer, Patricia A. Taylor, Gabriele Prinz, Heide Dierbach, Natalie Stickel, Yvonne Beck, Max Warncke, Tobias Junt, Annette Schmitt-Graeff, Susumu Nakae, Marie Follo, Tobias Wertheimer, Lukas Schwab, Jason Devlin, Simon C. Watkins, Justus Duyster, James L. M. Ferrara, Heth R. Turnquist, Robert Zeiser, Bruce R. Blazar
Journal: Blood (2015)
Vaccination-induced variation in the 140 kD merozoite surface antigen of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.
Authors: F W Klotz, D E Hudson, H G Coon, L H Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Immunity to 143/140 kD schizont antigens of a monkey malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi, provides partial protection to lethal malaria infection in rhesus monkeys challenged with uncloned parasites. To determine the capacity of a cloned parasite to generate variants of the 143/140 kD antigens, immunized monkeys were challenged with a clone of P. knowlesi. Parasites recovered 8 d after inoculation with a cloned parasite retained the 143/140 kD antigens. Parasites recovered 30 d after challenge had undergone changes in the 143/140 kD antigens. Antibodies that block erythrocyte invasion in vitro of the inoculum parasites did not inhibit invasion of erythrocytes by two isolates recovered from the immunized monkeys. An isolate from one monkey recovered on day 30 contained clones expressing new 76/72 kD antigens reactive with rabbit antiserum against the 143/140 kD proteins, and other clones expressing no antigens crossreactive with antisera against the 143/140 kD proteins. An isolate from another monkey obtained 59 d after challenge expressed new antigens of 160/155, 115/113, and 87/85 kD. Using monoclonal antibodies, we found that epitopes were lost from the variant proteins, but we were unable to determine whether new epitopes had appeared. We conclude that clones of P. knowlesi can rapidly vary antigenic determinants on the 143/140 kD proteins in animals immunized with these antigens.
An Unusual Outbreak of Windborne Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Neil M. Flynn, Paul D. Hoeprich, Mildred M. Kawachi, Kenneth K. Lee, Ruth M. Lawrence, Elliot Goldstein, George W. Jordan, Ronald S. Kundargi, Gordon A. Wong
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

EARLY in the morning on December 20, 1977, high-velocity winds centered around Arvin, a town at the southern extreme of the San Joaquin Valley near Bakersfield, in Kern County, California, bore aloft soil containing arthroconidia of Coccidioides immitis. Dispersion of this soil by peculiar wind conditions resulted in an epidemic of coccidioidomycosis in an area encompassing approximately 87,000 km2, an area larger than the state of Maine. We report the morbidity, mortality and cost of the epidemic in Sacramento County, an area of 2797 km2 at the northern limit of the San Joaquin Valley, which is normally an . . .
Sweating response to moderate thermal stress in atopic dermatitis
Authors: M.U. PARKKINEN, R. KIISTALA, U. KIISTALA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

The local sweating response to thermal stress (mean ambient temperature 33°C) was assessed under resting conditions on the non‐eczematous back skin of 26 young men with atopic dermatitis (AD) and in 22 non‐atopic controls with other dermatoses. The baseline (transepidermal) water loss was separately determined at room temperature (mean 23.6°C) to calculate the pure sweat loss. A gravimetric collecting method was used for the measurements at 40, 60 and 80 min. In the heated room the sweat loss in AD patients was significantly lower at all time intervals. The cumulative sweat loss was 50–60% lower in AD patients than in the controls (P<0.02). Subjects with dry AD skin had a lower sweat loss than subjects with normal‐looking skin. Compared with controls the sweat loss in AD patients was lowest at 40 min, suggesting a retarded sweating response. Half of the patients with AD and half of the controls had active participation in sports, and showed a greater sweat loss compared to the non‐sporting subjects in the same group.
Screening aquatic ecosystems for mutagens with fern bio-assays
Authors: Edward J. Klekowski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Recent researches on the royal fern, Osmunda regalis, have documented a high incidence of post-zygotic mutational damage in a population growing in a river heavily polluted with paper processing wastes, whereas genetic studies of nearby populations in nonpolluted environments failed to detect mutational damage. Intensive genetic and cytogenetic studies of mutation in O. regalis indicates that natural populations of homosporous ferns may be useful in situ bioassay systems for monitoring the presence of mutagens in aquatic ecosystems. Since these organisms are long-lived perennials with an ontogenetic system which stores mutational damage, they can be manipulated to give an integrated estimate of mutational damage for specified blocks of time (in units of years). Thus, the fern bioassay may be an inexpensive means of detecting both chronic low dose and episodic high dose inputs of mutagenic pollutants into aquatic ecosystems. The fern mutagen bioassay is based upon the detection of numerous categories of post-zygotic mutation load in natural fern populations. The frequency of sporophytic and embryonic lethals, leaf or root mutations, auxotrophic gametophytic mutations as well as numerous phenotypic alterations of gametophyte morphology can be routinely detected and quantified. In addition, various two-break chromosome aberrations (paracentric inversions, reciprocal translocations and ring chromosomes) can be readily screened for in the spore mother cells of many homosporous ferns.
PSORIASIS: A DISORDER OF NECROSIS.*
Authors: KENDAL C. DIXON, G. AUSTIN GRESHAM, C. HOWARD WHITTLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

Journal Article PSORIASIS: A DISORDER OF NECROSIS. Get access KENDAL C. DIXON, KENDAL C. DIXON Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Cambridge University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. AUSTIN GRESHAM, G. AUSTIN GRESHAM Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Cambridge University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. HOWARD WHITTLE C. HOWARD WHITTLE Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Cambridge University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 74, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1962, Pages 283–287, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13512.x Published: 01 August 1962