tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Galactosamine induced hepatitis induces a reduction in hepatocyte epidermal growth factor receptors.
Authors: D A Vesey, A C Woodman, H J Hodgson
Journal: Gut (1992)

The rapid regenerative response of the rat liver to partial hepatectomy is associated with a decline in liver epidermal growth factor receptor numbers which implies that ligand epidermal growth factor receptor interactions maybe important in initiating and/or modulating this process. The proliferative process in toxic hepatitis (where in contrast with partial hepatectomy the majority of hepatocytes have been exposed to damaging influences) has been less widely investigated. We studied the DNA synthetic response of rat livers to toxic injury induced by a 350 or 800 mg/kg ip injection of galactosamine and that caused by 70% hepatectomy, comparing the changes in epidermal growth factor receptor status. Both resulted in down regulation of epidermal growth factor receptors, suggesting similar ligand epidermal growth factor receptor binding occurs during the proliferative response after galactosamine administration and after partial hepatectomy. In vitro studies on isolated hepatocytes showed that epidermal growth factor receptor down regulation was not a direct effect of galactosamine on hepatocyte membranes.
Changing Distribution of Primary Cancers in the Large Bowel
Authors: James B. Rhodes
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Analysis of the changing distribution of origin site of 1,990 colorectal cancers observed at a large midwestern hospital shows a statistically significant trend of a decreasing percentage of distal (rectum, P=.0192) and an increasing percentage of proximal (cecum, P=.0015) large-bowel lesions during a period of at least 30 years. Mortality data for 11,635 colorectal cancers in the state of Kansas for this period confirm this trend (P less than .0001). The respective decrease and increase may well be the result of more than one factor. Results of digital examination of the rectum and sigmoidoscopy are less likely to diagnose large-bowel cancer as they did 30 years ago. Stool screening for occult blood, barium enema roentgenographic examination, and colonoscopy become more important diagnostic tools in light of this trend.
911. Comparison of rAAV Serotype, Promoter, and Treatment Age for the Correction of Glycogen Storage Disease Type II
Authors: Kerry O. Cresawn, Cathryn S. Mah, Irene Zolotukhin, Melissa A. Lewis, Barry J. Byrne
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Glycogen storage disease type II is a prototypical lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency in the enzyme acid -glucosidase (GAA). This disorder causes cardiac and skeletal myopathy and respiratory insufficiency. In the most severely affected individuals, GSDII is fatal within 2 years of life. In effort to achieve optimal levels of transgene expression in the affected cardiac and skeletal muscles, we evaluated 3 recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors expressing human GAA (hGAA); rAAV1- and rAAV8-hGAA under control of the CMV promoter and rAAV8-hGAA under control of a liver specific promoter (LSP). These vectors were delivered to both neonatal and adult GSDII mice. In general, treatment of neonatal mice was more successful than adult mice and serotype 8 vectors resulted in higher expression levels than serotype 1 vectors. At 10 wks post-injection (PI), rAAV8-CMV-hGAA- treated mice had 2.8-fold higher levels of GAA activity in the heart and 10.5-fold higher levels in the diaphragm compared to rAAV1-CMV-hGAA- treated mice (with averages of 45-fold normal and 8.7-fold normal in the respective tissues of rAAV8-treated mice). GAA activity in the hind-limb muscles was also significantly improved in rAAV8-treated mice with up to 83 30% of normal GAA activity in the tibialis anterior muscle. In neonatal mice treated with rAAV8-LSP-hGAA, GAA levels gradually dropped from 1 to 10 wks PI, which was attributed to the progressive loss of vector genomes in the transduced neonatal liver.
Correction of murine Rag1 deficiency by self-inactivating lentiviral vector-mediated gene transfer
Authors: K Pike-Overzet, M Rodijk, Y-Y Ng, M R M Baert, C Lagresle-Peyrou, A Schambach, F Zhang, R C Hoeben, S Hacein-Bey-Abina, A C Lankester, R G M Bredius, G J A Driessen, A J Thrasher, C Baum, M Cavazzana-Calvo, J J M van Dongen, F J T Staal
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Human prothrombin metabolism in normal man and in hypocoagulable subjects
Authors: S. S. Shapiro, J. Martinfz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The metabolism of human prothrombin labeled with radioactive iodine was studied in seven normal subjects and four hemophilic patients. Results in the normal subjects were: plasma volume, 37.6±3.8 ml/kg; plasma prothrombin concentration, 303±40 U/ml (0.153±0.02 mg/ml); prothrombin half-life, 2.81±0.51 days; total plasma prothrombin pool, 5.72±0.62 mg/kg, representing 64.1±9.1% of total body prothrombin; fractional catabolic rate, 42.5±12.4% of the plasma pool per day; prothrombin synthesis rate, 2.43±0.76 mg/kg per day. Results in the hemophilic patients did not differ significantly from normal. Circulating products of prothrombin activation could not be demonstrated in normal individuals or hemophilic subjects. The data suggest that continuous physiologic activation of the blood coagulation mechanism plays only a small part, if any, in the normal catabolism of prothrombin.
Decreased induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in hyperproliferative hairless mouse epidermis
Authors: S. MADLI PUHVEL, DELIA C. ERTL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Decreased induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in hyperproliferative hairless mouse epidermis Get access S. MADLI PUHVEL, S. MADLI PUHVEL Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90024 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar DELIA C. ERTL DELIA C. ERTL Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90024 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 1, 1 January 1984, Pages 29–35, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb07308.x Published: 01 January 1984 Article history Accepted: 17 June 1983 Published: 01 January 1984
Raymond John Vale
Authors: J. Vale
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), an intramural hemorrhage leading to a separation of the layers of the coronary artery wall, is traditionally considered a rare condition associated mainly with pregnancy but is likely underdiagnosed in other settings. Its recognition by coronary angiography is key. Medical management is usually indicated, except in certain circumstances in which coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention should be considered.
What is a good death?: Good death may be possible in emergency departments
Authors: A. I Ganstal
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—The final hours of a dying patient may be spent in an emergency department.1 In 2001, 444 patients died en route or in the emergency departments of Edmonton, Alberta. The number of family members immediately affected by the disclosure of this news while in the department is perhaps double this or more. Family members often experience grief when death occurs there because the patients are often younger and the deaths sudden and unexpected.2

Ensuring a good death while the patient is in an emergency department is a multi-disciplinary endeavour that requires the help of nurses, social workers, pastoral care workers, and doctors. In a good death the patient's advance directive (if he or she has one) is respected, and the patient suffers minimally. Also, in a good death the patient's emotional concerns are addressed in a caring and compassionate manner. This may include informing the family of the patient's illness.

Communicating with family members of critically ill patients can be challenging and stressful for both family members and healthcare providers.3 A caring and considerate approach to communication with family members about the patient's condition can perhaps help to minimise the development of potential pathological grief responses.

Having family members present at the bedside of the patient as he or she undergoes resuscitation or medical care can facilitate in communication of death and critical illness. Family members never have to question whether everything was done.3 The dying patient may gain emotional benefit from the comfort of family presence.
Abstract 3371: 3D Quantitation of Mitral Valve Coaptation by Novel Software System with Transthoracic Real-time 3D Echocardiography
Authors: Miwako Tsukiji, Nozomi Watanabe, Yasuko Yamaura, Noriko Okahashi, Hiroyuki Okura, Yasuo Ogasawara, Kiyoshi Yoshida
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Responses of Leukocytes to Chemokines in Whole Blood and Their Antagonism by Novel CC-Chemokine Receptor 3 Antagonists
Authors: Shannon A. Bryan, Peter J. Jose, Joanna R. Topping, Robert Wilhelm, Carol Soderberg, Denis Kertesz, Peter J. Barnes, Timothy J. Williams, Trevor T. Hansel, Ian Sabroe
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

CC-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3)-stimulating chemokines are likely to have important in vivo roles in the regulation of eosinophil, basophil, and potentially helper T cell type 2 and mast cell recruitment. We have developed techniques to investigate the actions of eotaxin and other chemokines on multiple leukocyte populations in whole blood, without cell purification steps that might alter leukocyte responsiveness. We have shown that the potency of eotaxin in whole blood is limited by Duffy antigen binding, which may modulate the actions of this chemokine in vivo. We have also investigated the efficacy and potency of a new panel of small molecule antagonists of CCR3 on responses of eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes to chemokines, using whole blood assays of shape change, chemokine receptor internalization, and CD11b upregulation. These small molecule antagonists cause selective and potent inhibition of CCR3 on eosinophils and basophils, are bioavailable in blood, and are prototypic antagonists potentially of benefit in the treatment of human allergic disease. Such whole blood methods may also be employed in the investigation of other small molecule chemokine receptor antagonists.
THE REGENERATION OF THE BLOOD
Authors: Winfield S. Hall, Marion D. Eubank
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1896)

a. The blood of apparently normal animals undergoes considerable variations within physiological limits. b. After a loss of blood the regeneration is more rapid if there has been a transfusion of an artificial serum. c. Regeneration after transfusion is less rapid during the first half of the regeneration period than during the second half. d. The regenerative processes once stimulated into activity carry the blood, qualitatively, considerably beyond the established normal. (See Plate XXXIII.) Otto (2) observed a similar phenomenon. e. The quantity of haemoglobin per volume of red blood-corpuscles is not constant. f. The volume of red blood-corpuscles varies as the product of the average volume of individual corpuscles and the number of corpuscles per unit volume. (V proportional, variant v x n). g. When the number of the corpuscles increases the size decreases, and conversely, (n proportional, variant(1/2)). h. The quantity of haemoglobin varies in general with the number of red blood-corpuscles per unit volume. (Hb. proportional, variant n).
Bowel-associated dermatitis-arthritis syndrome associated with ileo-anal pouch anastomosis, and treatment with mycophenolate mofetil
Authors: N.H. Cox, J.G. Palmer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sir, We report a further cause of the bowel‐associated dermatitis–arthritis syndrome (BADAS) in a patient who had a good response to mycophenolate mofetil but who only achieved a cure after restoring faecal flow though her ileo‐anal pouch. This case is novel in that most patients with BADAS have either a diseased bowel or segment of bowel that acts as a blind loop but is in continuity with the gastrointestinal tract; in our patient there was no diseased mucosa, and the presumed bacterial overgrowth occurred in a defunctioning ileo‐anal pouch. A 30‐year‐old woman with a 2‐year history of severe ulcerative colitis developed colonic dilatation and complete constipation. This required urgent colectomy with formation of an ileostomy and preservation of the rectal stump. Nine months later she had completion proctectomy, endo‐anal mucosectomy, and fashioning of an ileo‐anal pouch. This surgery was protected by formation of a defunctioning loop ileostomy. Three months later she developed skin lesions and severe arthropathy of the elbows and all joints of the legs. The skin lesions comprised pyoderma gangrenosum on the ankle and scattered lesions of pustular vasculitis (both confirmed histologically). She was anaemic (haemoglobin 9·5 g dL−1), had mild neutrophilia (12·2 × 109 L−1), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (72 mm in the first hour) and C‐reactive protein (CRP; 28 mg L−1, normal < 10), and a polyclonal increase in IgG level (19·9 g L−1, normal 5·8–15·4) and IgA level (4·87 g L−1, normal 0·71–2·30). She was significantly underweight (41 kg), hypotensive (blood pressure 80/40 mmHg) and urea level was low (1·7 mmol L−1, normal 2·5–7·0). A presumptive diagnosis of BADAS1, 2 was made. On the basis that this was probably due to bacterial overgrowth in the defunctional pouch, closure of the ileostomy was felt to be important but was limited by concerns about pyoderma gangrenosum occurring at the wound site, and therefore treatment was commenced to reduce disease activity.
Cancer Recurrence Predicted
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2000)

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GP reveals patients' secrets in pub
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A British GP who revealed his patients' secrets in a pub drinking session was last week found guilty of serious professional misconduct by the General Medical Council.

Norman Shannon, who practised at Water Orton, Wishaw, near Birmingham, had drunk five pints of Guinness before he blurted out to a relief manager that the pub landlord and landlady, Philip and Carol Pallett, who were away on holiday, had received infertility treatment and that their two children were conceived by donor insemination. The conversation was overheard …
Clinical features of vocal cord dysfunction.
Authors: K B Newman, U G Mason, K B Schmaling
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a respiratory condition characterized by adduction of the vocal cords with resultant airflow limitation at the level of the larynx. Previously, this condition was described in case reports and in small series. This study reviews all patients hospitalized from 1984 through 1991 in whom VCD was diagnosed. Demographic, historical, physiologic, laboratory, and psychiatric factors were statistically analyzed. Ninety-five patients met the criteria for proved VCD; of these, 53 also had asthma. All patients had laryngoscopic evidence of paradoxical vocal cord motion, with inspiratory and/or early expiratory vocal cord adduction. The patients with VCD without asthma were predominantly young women. In these patients, asthma had been misdiagnosed for an average of 4.8 years. Their medications were identical to those of a control group of patients with severe asthma. Thirty-four of the 42 patients with VCD without asthma were receiving prednisone regularly at an average daily dose of 29.2 mg. Medical utilization was enormous with the VCD group, averaging 9.7 emergency room visits and 5.9 admissions in the year prior to presentation. Also, 28% of the patients with VCD had been intubated. We conclude that VCD can masquerade as asthma and that it often coexists with asthma. This study helps to define the historical and clinical features of VCD.
Radiobiological studies in the naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
Authors: JULIA A. EWTON, ANNE KOBZA BLACK, C.F. ARLETT, JANE COLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

The naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is described in a 43‐year‐old male. The response of dividing fibroblasts from this patient to the lethal effects of ionizing radiation was indistinguishable from that of a normal control: mean inactivation dose (D)=1.74 Gy and 1.68 Gy, respectively. However, these cells were defective in the repair of potentially lethal damage (D̄=2.36 Gy and 3.26 Gy, respectively). The response to radiation of Go T lymphocytes derived from the patient was similar to that of the control. The frequency of mutant circulating T lymphocytes resistant to 6‐thioguanine was 17 × 10−6 which was elevated when compared with age‐matched controls. These results suggest an abnormality in the response of the fibroblasts to ionizing radiation damage.
Art v 1, the major mugwort allergen, cross-reacts with proteins originating from compositae and grass pollen*1
Authors: M Egger, Nicole Wopfner, Martin Himly, Azra Dedic, Roman Bauer, A. Mari, R. van Ree, Arnulf Josef Hartl, Josef Thalhamer, Fatima Ferreira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Long-term survival of patients with breast cancer: a study of the curability of the disease.
Authors: A O Langlands, S J Pocock, G R Kerr, S M Gore
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A retrospective analysis was made of 3878 cases of breast carcinoma first seen in Edinburgh from 1954 to 1964. During this time there was a policy to treat breast cancer by simple mastectomy and x-ray therapy, and over 90% of cases classified as international stages I and II were so treated. The mortality in these women was compared with that in an equivalent normal population using Scottish national age-specific death rates. For every year of follow-up within 20 years of initial treatment there was an excess mortality from all causes. There was an overall excess mortality of 58% among patients with breast cancer 15-20 years after initial treatment, and 20 times more deaths occurred in this period from breast cancer than in a normal population. For patients disease-free after 15 years there was still a 28% excess mortality from all causes. Factors known to be of major prognostic significance for five-year survivorship had less influence than might have been expected when the ratio of observed to expected deaths was considered for longer periods of follow-up. The effect of clinical staging (I, II, or III), though initially marked, largely disappeared by the 10th year of follow-up, and after allowing for age there was no evidence beyond 10 years of an effect on survival of the original stage of the disease. Similarly, the effect of tumour size on survival disappeared after 10 years. Women who were premenopausal at presentation still had a significant excess of deaths in the fourth quinquennium of follow-up. In the menopausal and postmenopausal groups combined there was still a small non-significant excess of deaths from all causes after 15 years but this almost disappeared when patients who had already relapsed were excluded. In terms of overall mortality only patients who have undergone the menopause before presentation and who are disease-free 15 years after primary treatment may prove to be cured by conventional techniques such as simple mastectomy and postoperative radiotherapy.
Eosinophils in bronchial mucosa of asthmatics after allergen challenge: effect of anti‐IgE treatment
Authors: E. L. J. Van Rensen, C. E. Evertse, W. A. A. M. Van Schadewijk, S. Van Wijngaarden, G. Ayre, T. Mauad, P. S. Hiemstra, P. J. Sterk, K. F. Rabe
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Anti-IgE, omalizumab, inhibits the allergen response in patients with asthma. This has not been directly related to changes in inflammatory conditions. We hypothesized that anti-IgE exerts its effects by reducing airway inflammation. To that end, the effect of anti-IgE on allergen-induced inflammation in bronchial biopsies in 25 patients with asthma was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Allergen challenge followed by a bronchoscopy at 24 h was performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment with anti-IgE or placebo. Provocative concentration that causes a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PC(20)) methacholine and induced sputum was performed at baseline, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment. Changes in the early and late responses to allergen, PC(20), inflammatory cells in biopsies and sputum were assessed.Both the early and late asthmatic responses were suppressed to 15.3% and 4.7% following anti-IgE treatment as compared with placebo (P < 0.002). This was paralleled by a decrease in eosinophil counts in sputum (4-0.5%) and postallergen biopsies (15-2 cells/0.1 mm(2)) (P < 0.03). Furthermore, biopsy IgE+ cells were significantly reduced between both the groups, whereas high-affinity IgE receptor and CD4+ cells were decreased within the anti-IgE group. There were no significant differences for PC(20) methacholine.The response to inhaled allergen in asthma is diminished by anti-IgE, which in bronchial mucosa is paralleled by a reduction in eosinophils and a decline in IgE-bearing cells postallergen without changing PC(20) methacholine. This suggests that the benefits of anti-IgE in asthma may be explained by a decrease in eosinophilic inflammation and IgE-bearing cells.