tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characterization and cytoskeletal association of a major cell surface glycoprotein, GP 140, in human neutrophils.
Authors: S J Suchard, L A Boxer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The binding of specific ligands to neutrophil cell surface receptors and the association of these receptors with the cytoskeleton may represent an essential step in activation. To identify surface proteins that are linked to the cytoskeleton during activation, neutrophil 125I-surface labeled plasma membranes were extracted with Triton X-100, and the soluble and insoluble (cytoskeleton) fractions analyzed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. The major cell surface proteins recruited to the cytoskeleton after activation with Con A, FMLP, zymosan-activated serum, or immune complexes possessed a relative molecular mass in the range of 80 to 13 kD. In addition to these proteins, WGA stimulates the recruitment of a 140-kD protein (GP 140) to the cytoskeletal fraction. That GP 140 is a WGA-binding protein was verified by Western blotting and WGA-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The Coomassie blue staining pattern of the WGA cytoskeletal fraction revealed major protein bands at apparent molecular weights of greater than 200 (approximately 250, 240, 235), 200, 115, 82/78 (a doublet), 56, 43, 36, and 18 kD. Labeling cells with 32PO4 before WGA treatment indicated that the cytoskeletal proteins with molecular weights of 115, 82/78, and 72 kD, and a 40-kD detergent soluble protein, are phosphorylated during activation. The 78 kD cytoskeletal phosphoprotein co-migrates with the lower subunit of erythrocyte (RBC) band 4.1 and shows strong cross-reactivity with RBC anti-band 4.1 antibody. Phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins like 4.1 may be involved in the regulation of interactions between GP 140 and the actin-containing cytoskeleton. Unlike the C3bi receptor, GP 140 is a major surface component of unactivated PMNs, has no stoichiometrically related 95-kD subunit, and has two isoforms with pIs in the range of 6.4 to 6.6. Under conditions that result in an increased expression of the C3bi receptor (such as treatment with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187), the amount of GP 140 on the PMN cell surface appears to be significantly reduced. The interaction of GP 140 with the cytoskeleton during activation suggests that GP 140 may play an important role in neutrophil functional responses.
Pathology of the Cardiac Conduction System in a Case of Diphtheria Associated with Atrial Arrhythmias and Heart Block
Authors: THOMAS N. JAMES, ERNEST W. REYNOLDS
Journal: Circulation (1963)

The histopathology of the sinus node, the atrioventricular node, and the atrioventricular bundle of the heart from a child dying of diphtheria is presented. The terminal illness included atrial arrhythmias and heart block. [see figure in the PDF file] [see figure in the PDF file] The possible importance of the neuropathology of the diphtheritic heart is indicated.
Mental health consequences of long term conflict
Authors: Graeme McDonald
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Survivors of chronic trauma need good mental health services and much more

Between 1969 and 2001, 3524 people were killed in civil disturbances in Northern Ireland. The annual death rate peaked at 479 in a population of 1.6 million. Deaths and injuries were unequally distributed, with people in working class urban communities and those living close to the Irish border being most at risk. Lessons can be learnt from such conflict, not only about the management of single episodes of psychological trauma but also about the effects of long term, violent divisions in society on mental health.

One of the aims of terrorism is to change attitudes and behaviours. This can lead to mental health problems in people who are targeted and in others. Problems include post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, substance misuse, and (rarely) precipitation of psychosis. Post-traumatic stress disorder can be treated by psychological treatments such as trauma focused cognitive behaviour therapy1 or antidepressants.2 In this week's BMJ , a randomised controlled trial by Duffy and colleagues assesses the effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy in 58 people with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder …
FIBROID TUMORS OF THE UTERUS, WHEN AND HOW TO OPERATE.
Authors: ALBERT H. TUTTLE
Journal: JAMA (1896)

It is but a short time ago an opinion was more or less universally maintained that fibroid tumors of the uterus were benign growths. The fact that hysterectomy had such a high mortality at that period made the "cure worse than the disease," and probably did much to place these tumors in this relatively false position. With improvements in technique and correspondingly excellent results in the removal of the uterus, it is no longer necessary or wise to wait until life is in immediate danger before recourse to the radical treatment of fibroids by surgical measures, but before the health of the patient is reduced by hemorrhage, inflammation, chronic suppuration and pain, to a delicate condition, and the dangers of the operation are further increased, as well as the difficulties by the complications of inflammation—pus and adhesions—to say nothing of the degenerative changes, the increase in the size of
Current Imaging and Possible Therapeutic Management of Glucagonoma Tumors
Authors: DAVID SCOTT JOHNSON, MARC N. COEL, MICHAEL BORNEMANN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Glucagonomas, like other neuroendocrine tumors, express somatostatin receptors in more than 80% of cases. Unfortunately, because of the rarity of these tumors, the sensitivity and specificity of somatostatin analog (octreotide) imaging have not been established. Nonetheless, there have been limited reports in the literature supporting the use of indium In-111 DTPA N-terminal D-phenylalanine (D-PHE1) octreotide for glucogonoma imaging and may be most beneficial as an adjuvant to conventional imaging for tumor staging and therapeutic decision making. Current therapeutic applications of octreotide focus on stabilization of disease in tumors expressing somatostatin receptors, and tumor destruction, using β-emitting isotopes. In this report, imaging of a glucagonoma with In-111 DTPA-D-PHE1 octreotide scintigraphy is described in a 51-year-old woman examined for a large palpable abdominal mass.
Treatment of polymorphous light eruption with nicotinamide: a pilot study
Authors: R. NEUMANN, E. RAPPOLD, HELGA POHL-MARKL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

In a pilot study, 42 patients suffering from polymorphous light eruption (PLE) were treated with oral nicotinamide, 3 g daily, for 2 weeks. Twenty-five patients remained free from lesions despite extensive sun exposure. We suggest that an abnormality in tryptophan metabolism is important in the aetiology of PLE, and that nicotinamide administration partially corrects this.
Abstract 520: Regulation of natural killer cell development and antitumor immunity by the IL-15 system
Authors: Gilbert A. Lee, Yae-Huei Liou, Szu-Wen Wang, Si-Tse Jiang, Nan-Shih Liao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells involved in tumor surveillance. The development and effector function of NK cells require IL-15 signal, which is “trans-presented” to IL-15Rβγ on NK cells by IL-15Rα on neighboring cells. Because the IL-15Rα intracellular (IC) domain has the capacity to recruit signaling molecules, we generated knock-in (KI) and transgenic (Tg) mice that lack the IC domain to assess independently the role of the IL-15 trans-presentation level. In this study, we found that the IL-15Rα level on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) generated by KI and Tg mice determines the level of Stat5 phosphorylation in NK cells, thus offering the opportunity to study quantitative effects of IL-15 trans-presentation on NK cell development and function in vivo. We also found that NK cell homeostasis, mature NK cell differentiation, and acquisition of effector functions require different levels of IL-15 trans-presentation input to achieve full status. In order to investigate the effects of IL-15 trans-presentation level in anti-tumor immunity in vivo, we established the tumor inoculation experiment. Our preliminary data showed that the growth of B16/OVA melanoma increased in Il15−/− mice in comparison to WT mice. We will assess the role of the IL-15 system in anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 520. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-520
Carcinoid tumour of the breast.
Authors: P G Devitt
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Carcinoid tumour of the breast Carcinoid tumours are normally found in the gastrointestinal tract and occasionally in the lung.A carcinoid in the breast does not appear to have been reported. Case reportA 66-year-old woman was referred with a two-week history of a lump in her left breast.This had not changed in size, nor was there any associated pain or nipple discharge.She was otherwise fit and well and had suffered no illnesses of note.There was a mobile lump, 2 cm in diameter with a smooth surface, in the upper and outer quadrant of her left breast.There were no other abnormalities and no palpable axillary lymph nodes.She was admitted to hospital and the lump excised.The surgeon noted that the lump was solid and yellow with a necrotic centre.Histological examination showed a typical carcinoid tumour containing argentaffine cells (figure).The results of urinary 5-hydroxy indole-acetic acid assays were normal.She remained well 12 months after removal of the tumour and the results of further 5-hydroxy indole-acetic acid assays remain normal. Clumpso tu 4 jClumps of argentaffine cells in tumour abutting normal breast tissue.
Diabetes: Its Medical and Cultural History: Outlines-Texts-Bibliography
Authors: David L. Horwitz
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Keeping up with modern medicine consumes so much of our available reading time that reading about the history of medicine might seem to be one of those luxuries that we simply cannot afford. However, von Engelhardt's book on the medical and cultural history of diabetes is a luxury worth considering. It brings new insights not only to our understanding of diabetes, but also to our appreciation of the development of the art and science of medicine in general. Looking back over the 2000year known history of diabetes as a disease process, we can see how scientific thinking gradually evolved and led to the progress we have made in our understanding of diabetes. The book itself is a collection of essays, written between 1924 and 1978. The essays themselves are of interest from a historical perspective, showing how our approach to medical history has changed during the 20th century. The various
Safety and disease response to MEDI-551, an anti-CD19 antibody, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients previously treated with rituximab
Authors: Andres Forero, Mehdi Hamadani, Thomas Kipps, Michelle Fanale, Antonio Cuneo, Jaime Perez de Oteyza, Douglas Gladstone, Marc Andre, Naresh Bellam, Trishna Goswami, Ramy Ibrahim, Amy Schneider, Meina Liang, Steven Eck, Nairouz Elgeioushi, Ronald Herbst, Bruce D Cheson
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The expression of CD19 on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells offers a novel therapy for relapsed CLL patients (pts) previously treated with rituximab. MEDI-551 is an affinity-optimized anti-CD19 Ab with enhanced Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector function.
Predictive value of mean platelet volume in gold induced thrombocytopenia.
Authors: P S Klimiuk, P J Holt, R B Clague, E Herod, P A Dyer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

In rheumatoid arthritis the mean platelet volume does not alter with the institution of parenteral gold therapy and with long term gold therapy. It appears to have no value in predicting the onset of thrombocytopenia. It may, however, predict a haemorrhagic diathesis once gold induced thrombocytopenia is established.
1361 IL28B POLYMORPHISMS LINKED TO POOR RESPONSE TO TREATMENT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOW NECROINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY AND SLOW FIBROSIS PROGRESSION IN HCV GENOTYPE NON-1-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: P.-Y. Bochud, S. Bibert, Z. Kutalik, N. Goossens, B. Müllhaupt, T. Gerlach, M. Heim, D. Moradpour, A. Cerny, R. Malinverni, J.-F. Dufour, F. Negro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Fatal Hepatic Necrosis Due to Pyrimethamine-Sulfadoxine (Fansidar)
Authors: BASIL J. ZITELLI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine has been associated with severe and fatal cutaneous reactions as well as transient liver damage. We report the case of a patient who died of progressive hepatic failure caused by pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine administration. In addition, we summarize reports made to the Food and Drug Administration since 1982 that focus on hepatotoxic reactions to pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine. We suggest that fatal hepatic injury can occur after treatment with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine and that physicians who prescribe the drug should be aware of this possibility.
More Medical Care, Better Health? An Economic Analysis of Mortality Rates
Authors: Ronald M. Andersen
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Would more medical care improve the health of the US population? The commonly accepted answer to this question among practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and the public in the modern era of medicine up to the 1960s was "of course." In the 1970s, a growing chorus of researchers and social critics began to question whether increasing medical care would benefit the population or even suggest that less medical care would be a good idea. More recently, we began to come full cycle with authors suggesting that more medical care is beneficial. Among the most current and comprehensive works in this vein is Jack<i>Hadley's More Medical Care, Better Health?</i> Hadley's primary purpose is to demonstrate the impact of changes in the quantity of medical care as measured by medical care expenditures and numbers of health personnel and facilities on health status represented by mortality rates. He also explores the relationship of income
Pulmonary hypertension-specific therapy in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency
Authors: Vincent Cottin, Marjorie Lorillou, Chahéra Khouatra, Julie Traclet, Pascale Nesme, Jean-François Cordier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pulmonary hypertension-specific therapy in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiencyTo the Editor:We read with much interest the article by HELD et al. [1] regarding pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to hypoventilation.In this retrospective study, the authors reported 18 patients with alveolar hypoventilation (due to obesity or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) and daytime PH associated with reduced exercise capacity.They showed that noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) was followed by significant improvement in haemodynamics and exercise capacity; thus, strongly supporting the use of NIPPV in patients with hypoventilation and PH, and suggesting a major role for hypoxia and hypercapnia in PH [2].As it is unknown whether PH-specific therapy targeting vasculopathy and remodelling of the pulmonary arteries may also have an impact in this setting, we retrospectively studied patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency and hypoventilation treated with long-term NIPPV who received off-label specific therapy for severe PH.We extracted from the French registry, in which all consecutive adult patients with PH are prospectively included with written consent [3], incident cases from our centre seen between 2006 and 2013 with the following criteria.1) Chronic respiratory insufficiency with alveolar hypoventilation (daytime arterial carbon dioxide tension .45mmHg and hypoxaemia before NIPPV), receiving long-term NIPPV for at least 6 months.2) Precapillary PH: defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) o25 mmHg and pulmonary artery wedge pressure f15 mmHg at right heart catheterisation.3) Severe PH: defined by mean PAP o35 mmHg and/or cardiac index ,2 L?min -1 ?m -2 .4) Off-label PH-specific therapy.5) Available follow-up for at least 6 months.6) Absence of associated conditions: chronic thromboembolic PH, postcapillary PH or severe left heart conditions.18 out of 626 patients with precapillary PH were identified with chronic respiratory insufficiency, of whom 11 had severe PH, including two treated with NIPPV for at least 6 months prior to initiation of PH-specific therapy and followed for at least 6 months (table 1).
Continuing Education for Community Psychiatry
Authors: LOUIS F. RITTELMEYER, ROBERT G. KVARNES, IRVING SCHNEIDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The authors describe what is probably the first example of the joining together of all the psychiatric teaching institutions in a metropolitan area to sponsor a teaching program in psychiatry. Involving more than 400 mental health professionals in its seven years of existence, this program includes seminars and a practicum, leading to a certificate; a Community Psychiatry Forum; all-day workshops; and consultations. In addition to fulfilling specific needs, the program has created a professional "community" of the many groups involved in psychiatric teaching, practice, and research.
COSTS OF FEDERAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
Authors: Robert Tumbleson
Journal: JAMA (1952)

To the Editor:—  In the Washington News ofThe Journal, Feb. 9, 1952, page 16, appears a table entitled Costs of Federal Health Programs, in which the National Science Foundation is listed. The associated fiscal items are given as $3,500,000 for the Congressional Appropriation for fiscal 1952 and $15,000,000 for the President's Budget Request for fiscal 1953.  These figures are correct in that they represent the foundation's total 1952 appropriation and 1953 budget request. They are completely inaccurate, however, in the context, since only a fraction of our total budget for research support and fellowships can properly be allocated to medical sciences or even to biological and medical sciences. During fiscal 1952 perhaps 10%, or $350,000, of our total appropriation can properly be assigned to medicine. Corresponding estimates for fiscal 1953 are not available.
Stimulation of monocyte cGMP by leukocyte dialysates. An antigen-independent property of dialyzable transfer factor.
Authors: J A Sandler, T K Smith, V C Manganiello, C H Kirkpatrick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

We studied the effects of dialysates from leukocyte lysates containing dialyzable transfer factor activity and other leukocyte dialysates devoid of transfer factor activity on accumulation of cyclic nucleotides in human leukocytes. Dialysates from normal leukocytes produced 4- to 11-fold increases in leukocyte cGMP, and experiments with purified cell populations revealed that the increases were predominantly, if not entirely, in blood monocytes. Substances that increased monocyte cGMP could be obtained from several cell populations including mononuclear cells from Hypaque-Ficoll gradients, plastic-adherent monocytes, nonadherent lymphocytes, and neutrophils, but were not present in dialysates of leukemic lymphocytes from patients with the Sezary syndrome. Moreover, dialysates that increased leukocyte cGMP had essentially no effect on intracellular cAMP. Dialysates of lysed mononuclear cells contained serotonin, ascorbate, and an unidentified cholinergic activity, agents known to increase leukocyte cGMP. After passage of dialyzable transfer factor from mononuclear cells through a gel-filtration column, four fractions were obtained that increased leukocyte cGMP. Two of these fractions contained ascorbate; two other active fractions, including one that also caused conversion of delayed skin tests, did not contain detectable ascorbate or serotonin. The dialysate of lysed neutrophils also increased cGMP, but this activity was limited to the column fractions which contained ascorbic acid. These observations raise the possibility that alterations in monocyte cGMP content could modulate either the specific antigen-dependent, or, more likely, the antigen-independent activities in preparations of transfer factor.
Whipple Disease
Authors: Robert F. DeLuca
Journal: JAMA (1975)

WHIPPLE disease is multisystemic and diagnosed more frequently now because of the availability of peroral small-bowel biopsy techniques. Symptoms of arthritis and polyserositis often precede the more familiar manifestations of diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss, abdominal pain, and skin hyperpigmentation. The primary disease may not be considered in patients first seen with arthritic symptoms and without diarrhea. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 76-year-old white retired farmer entered the Miami Veterans Administration Hospital complaining of intermittent foul-smelling watery stools, mild hypogastric pain, and a 25-kg (56-lb) weight loss over nine months. The patient had a 20-year history of intermittent, migratory, seronegative, non-deforming arthritis involving hips, back, knees, and wrists. For the last 15 years he had been attending the Rheumatology Clinic at the Miami Veterans Hospital. Roentgenograms of large and small joints had shown only minimal osteoporotic changes. A diagnosis of palindromic rheumatism was made. The arthritis did not respond to treatment
Rheumatoid Nodules of the Vocal Cords as the Initial Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ira S. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

INVOLVEMENT of the larynx in rheumatoid disease is not rare and is most commonly manifested as cricoarytenoid joint arthritis. While not symptomatic in all cases, it has been present in almost 50% of autopsies of patients with rheumatoid disease.<sup>1</sup>Less frequently, symptoms are due to laryngeal myositis or neuropathy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, attributed to rheumatoid vasculitis.<sup>2</sup>There have been relatively few documented cases of rheumatoid nodule formation involving the vocal cords or other parts of the larynx.<sup>2-5</sup>These have been limited to patients with a previously established diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis at the time of laryngeal symptomatology. We recently diagnosed rheumatoid granulomas on vocal cord biopsy material from a patient who had no evidence of rheumatoid disease or other connective tissue disorder at the time. During follow-up, she showed development of manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 28-year-old woman complained