tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Uncoupling of the membrane skeleton from the lipid bilayer. The cause of accelerated phospholipid flip-flop leading to an enhanced procoagulant activity of sickled cells.
Authors: P F Franck, E M Bevers, B H Lubin, P Comfurius, D T Chiu, J A Op den Kamp, R F Zwaal, L L van Deenen, B Roelofsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

We have previously reported that the normal membrane phospholipid organization is altered in sickled erythrocytes. More recently, we presented evidence of enhanced transbilayer movement of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in deoxygenated reversibly sickled cells (RSC) and put forward the hypothesis that these abnormalities in phospholipid organization are confined to the characteristic protrusions of these cells. To test this hypothesis, we studied the free spicules released from RSC by repeated sickling and unsickling as well as the remnant despiculated cells. The rate of transbilayer movement of PC in the membrane of deoxygenated remnant despiculated cells was determined by following the fate of 14C-labelled PC, previously introduced into the outer monolayer under fully oxygenated conditions using a PC-specific phospholipid exchange protein from beef liver. The rate of transbilayer movement of PC in the remnant despiculated cells was significantly slower than in deoxygenated native RSC and was not very much different from that in oxygenated native RSC or irreversibly sickled cells. The free spicules had the same lipid composition as the native cells, but were deficient in spectrin. These spicules markedly enhanced the rate of thrombin formation in the presence of purified prothrombinase (Factor Xa, Factor Va, and Ca2+) and prothrombin, indicating the exposure of a significant fraction of phosphatidylserine (PS) in the outer monolayer. This effect was not observed when the spicules in this assay were replaced by normal erythrocytes, deoxygenated native RSC, or a deoxygenated sample of RSC after repetitive sickling/unsickling. The results are interpreted to indicate that the destabilization of the lipid bilayer in sickled cells, expressed by the enhanced flip-flop of PC and the exposure of PS in the outer monolayer, occurs predominantly in those parts of the membrane that are in spicular form.
QUELQUES OBSERVATIONS SUR LE ROLE DES PNEUMALLERGENES DANS L'ECZEMA DIATHESIQUE DU NOURRISSON ET DE L'ENFANT
Authors: MM. M. LELONG, J. SCLAFER, J. VIALATTE, P. GRENET, Mmes D. BRUNET‐LANGOT, R. LAGRUE
Journal: Allergy (1959)
Clinical Trial of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch (a New Plasma Expander)
Authors: T. F. Solanke
Journal: BMJ (1968)

No adverse effects were seen in 29 patients given an intravenous infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution. Platelet counts had fallen by eight hours after infusion, but had reached pretransfusion levels by 24 hours. Two patients developed unusual bleeding post-operatively, which was possibly due to the infusion. Further investigations on the first stage of coagulation and prothrombin generation in patients receiving hydroxyethyl starch are required.
Survivors of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm: the iceberg's tip.
Authors: R H Armour
Journal: BMJ (1977)

In four and a half years 25 patients in one community suffered a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Eleven died at home, nine died without operation in hospital, and only five had the aneurysm removed. There were four survivors. A further seven patients might have lived had they had a prompt operation. The average operative mortality for ruptured aneurysms among series reported in British journals is 53%, but the survivors are a small minority of the total number of people in the community whose aneurysms rupture. No basis could be found for the view that replacing an aortic aneurysm with a straight graft (while leaving behind aneurysmal common iliac arteries) lowers the operative mortality. On the contrary, oversimplifying the operation may be hazardous.
Clathrin/AP-2 Mediate Synaptic Vesicle Reformation from Endosome-like Vacuoles but Are Not Essential for Membrane Retrieval at Central Synapses
Authors: Natalia L Kononenko, Dmytro Puchkov, Gala A Classen, Alexander M Walter, Arndt Pechstein, Linda Sawade, Natalie Kaempf, Thorsten Trimbuch, Dorothea Lorenz, Christian Rosenmund, Tanja Maritzen, Volker Haucke
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations: Prevalence, FISH analysis for <i>FGFR1</i> and <i>MYST3</i>, and clinicopathologic correlates in a consecutive cohort of 13 cases from a single institution
Authors: Mrinal M. Patnaik, Naseema Gangat, Ryan A. Knudson, Jeannette G. Keefe, Curtis A. Hanson, Animesh Pardanani, Rhett P. Ketterling, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Abstract Chromosome 8p11.2 translocations result in diverse oncogenic fusion genes involving FGFR1 or MYST3 . Among 24,262 unique patient cytogenetic studies performed at the Mayo Clinic, 8p11.2 translocations were identified in 14 cases (∼0.06%). FISH analysis was performed in 13 patients (12 had myeloid neoplasms) and revealed abnormalities of MYST3 ( n = 4) or FGFR1 ( n = 4) in eight patients. MYST3 abnormalities were associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), M4 in three and M6 in one. Three of the four FGFR1 ‐rearranged cases were associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms but none, including the two with sole 8p11.2, displayed the typical phenotype for stem cell leukemia/lymphoma (SCLL) and only one had eosinophilia; the fourth case had AML‐M4. FISH did not reveal FGFR1 involvement in the one patient with SCLL. We conclude that neither the SCLL phenotype nor blood eosinophilia is a consistent feature of FGFR1 ‐associated 8p11.2 translocations; conversely, FISH might not always reveal FGFR1 involvement in typical SCLL. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Celiac Disease — The Villain Unmasked?
Authors: Ross McManus, Dermot Kelleher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

The mechanism by which some types of cereal proteins trigger celiac disease (also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is unknown. A strong candidate has now been put forward: a 33-amino-acid peptide that resists digestion. The peptide is susceptible to degradation by a bacterial enzyme, raising the possibility of a new therapeutic approach.
Abstract 5715: Green tea polyphenols implants are more effective than oral dosing in inhibiting benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene-induced DNA adducts
Authors: Pengxiao Cao, Manicka V. Vadhanam, Ramesh C. Gupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Green tea is drawing increasing attention due to its potential chemopreventive effect. The polyphenols, including epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and epicatechin in green tea, are believed to be the active components. However, epidemiological and clinical studies have shown mixed results presumably due to lack of bioavailability when given orally. In this study, polyphenon E, a standardized green tea extract, was administered by novel polycaprolactone implants (two, 2-cm implants; 20% drug load) grafted subcutaneously or by drinking water (0.8% w/v) to female S/D rats. Animals were then challenged with subcutaneous benzo[a]pyrene (BP) implants (2 cm; 10% load), and euthanized after 1 week. Analysis of the lung DNA by 32P-postlabeling showed a significant reduction (50%; p=0.023) in BP-induced DNA adducts in the implant group. A modest (34%) but statistically insignificant adduct reduction was also observed in the drinking water group. The dose of polyphenon E administered by implants was found to be &amp;gt;100 times lower than that by oral route (15.7 mg vs. 1,632 mg). No evidence of toxicity associated with either the polymeric materials or the compounds was found in all these groups based on the body weight and tissue weights. To determine possible mechanisms of action of polyphenon E, we analyzed CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and GST at mRNA and protein expression levels and for the enzyme activities. However, no evidence was found for favorable modulation of these phase I and phase II enzymes by polyphenon E. In in vitro studies, reaction of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide (anti-BPDE) with DNA was found to be strongly inhibited by individual catechins, particularly epigallocatechin gallate, present in polyphenon E, suggesting quenching of the electrophilic metabolite by the catechins. This notion was confirmed by reaction of anti-BPDE with individual catechins by LC/MS/MS. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that i) the effective dose of polyphenon E administered by polymeric implants was over 100-fold lower than the traditional oral route; and ii) polyphenon E exert their chemopreventive effect, at least, in part, due to direct quenching of anti-BPDE (Supported from CA-118114, KLCRP grant and Agnes Brown Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5715.
Reconstruction of Urethra Totally Destroyed in Labour
Authors: R. H. J. Hamlin, E. C. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Of 50 women who underwent a reconstruction procedure for a totally destroyed urethra, caused by obstructed labour, 35 were clinically cured, eight had serious stress incontinence, and six developed urethral stricture; one operation failed completely, but a repeat reconstruction was completely successful. The procedure consists of repair of the bladder fistula, followed by the construction of a new urethra; the latter is then reinforced by one gracilis muscle detached from its insertion and brought through a tunnel in the fascia of the upper thigh and the labium to be attached to the anterior lip of the cervix. Hence this method combines procedures originally suggested for other purposes by Ingelman-Sundberg and Martius.
Review of the upper airway, including olfaction, as mediator of symptoms.
Authors: Dennis Shusterman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The upper airway serves as air conditioner, filter, and warning device. Two neurological modalities, olfaction and trigeminal chemoreception, inform us of the chemical qualities of the air we breathe. A number of poorly understood conditions, including nonallergic rhinitis, irritant-induced rhinitis, odor-triggered asthma, odor-triggered panic attacks, chemical-induced olfactory dysfunction, and irritant-associated vocal cord dysfunction, involve induction of symptoms by odorant and/or irritant chemicals in the upper airway. This article is a summary of the knowledge and theories about these various conditions, and highlights those aspects of nasal anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology relevant to their understanding.
Individual cultures of melanoma tumor infiltrating lymphocytes possess distinct patterns of reactivity with mutated antigens identified by whole exome sequencing of autologous tumors
Authors: Jessica S Crystal, Yong Chen Lu, Yong Li, Mona El-Gamil, Todd Prickett, Kasia Trebska-McGowan, Cyrille Cohen, Steven A Rosenberg, Paul F Robbins
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The adoptive transfer of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can mediate the regression of tumors in up to 70% of patients with metastatic melanoma. These clinical trials have involved infusion of either bulk T cells generated by culturing cells from enzyme digests of
Pre-mortal provision
Authors: D. Black
Journal: BMJ (2001)

When you get into your 80s you are likely to experience intimations of mortality; and, for that mortality, some provision should perhaps be made. I have developed a growth in my pancreas, which is as deep seated as mischief can get, but must emphasise that my own decisions were made some years ago. There are two specific ways in which a good lawyer can be of help—a “living will” and a “delayed power of attorney.”

The living will gives legal force to whatever stipulations you may wish to make in relation to your medical care during the period of illness that is likely to precede death—unless, of course, that is mercifully (but selfishly) sudden. Such stipulations …
Aurora kinases A and B are up-regulated by Myc and are essential for maintenance of the malignant state
Authors: Jürgen den Hollander, Sara Rimpi, Joanne R. Doherty, Martina Rudelius, Andreas Buck, Alexander Hoellein, Marcus Kremer, Nikolas Graf, Markus Scheerer, Mark A. Hall, Andrei Goga, Nikolas von Bubnoff, Justus Duyster, Christian Peschel, John L. Cleveland, Jonas A. Nilsson, Ulrich Keller
Journal: Blood (2010)
Anomalous Mitral Arcade
Authors: THOMAS E. LAYMAN, JESSE E. EDWARDS
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Described in three infants is an anomaly of the mitral valvular mechanism which has the following characteristic: connection of the left ventricular papillary muscles to the anterior mitral leaflet, either directly or through the interposition of unusually short chordae. The condition has been named "anomalous mitral arcade." The anatomic aberration appears to cause incompetence of the mitral valve.
Relation of Cigarette Smoking to Myocardial Infarction in Young Women
Authors: Dennis Slone, Samuel Shapiro, Lynn Rosenberg, David W. Kaufman, Stuart C. Hartz, Allen C. Rossi, Paul D. Stolley, Olli S. Miettinen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

To examine the relation between myocardial infarction and cigarette smoking in young women, we investigated the smoking habits of women under the age of 50 who had survived a recent myocardial infarction. They had not been using oral contraceptives, and other identifiable risk factors were excluded. Among 55 such women and 220 control matched for age and area of residence, the proportions of cigarette smokers were 89 per cent and 55 per cent respectively (P less than 0.001). A dose-response relation was evident; among women smoking 35 or more cigarettes per day the rate of myocardial infarction was estimated to be some 20-fold higher than among those who had never smoked. This study demonstrates that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for myocardial infarction in young women who are otherwise apparently healthy.
Pop Bottle Explosions
Authors: Frederic Speer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  Bergeson et al (238: 1048-1049, 1977) have done well in drawing our attention to the dangers of pop bottle explosions. My wife has twice been a victim. The first incident occurred in a small store. There were several tall bottles of carbonated drinks standing on the concrete floor, and when she brushed against one of them, it tipped over and exploded. She suffered a 2- to 3-cm laceration just above one ankle.  One day this summer a large bottle of one of the soft drinks was brought into our home. Noticing that it felt hot, my wife thought it should be cooled before being opened. She placed it in a deep pan and began to run water from the cold faucet into the pan, not directly onto the bottle. Almost immediately the bottle exploded, scattering tiny glass splinters throughout the entire kitchen. At the same instant she
Women travel to Hungary to give birth
Authors: C. Kovac
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Up to 2200 foreign women, many of them driven across the border by poor medical care and inadequate hospital facilities in their home countries, travelled to Hungary to give birth, according to figures for 1998.

Ministry of Health data showed that many of the women who crossed the border to give birth were ethnic Hungarians from Subcarpathia. Most of the women–about 1000–were from the Transylvania region of Romania, …
Effect of HIV Reporting by Name on Use of HIV Testing in Publicly Funded Counseling and Testing Programs
Authors: A K Nakashima, R Horsley, R L Frey, P A Sweeney, J T Weber, P L Fleming
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Policies requiring confidential reporting by name to state health departments of persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have potential to cause some of them to avoid HIV testing.To describe trends in use of HIV testing services at publicly funded HIV counseling and testing sites before and after the implementation of HIV reporting policies.Analysis of service provision data from 6 state health departments (Louisiana, Michigan, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, and Tennessee) 12 months before and 12 months after HIV reporting was introduced.Percent change in numbers of persons tested at publicly funded HIV counseling and testing sites after implementation of confidential HIV reporting by risk group.No significant declines in the total number of HIV tests provided at counseling and testing sites in the months immediately after implementation of HIV reporting occurred in any state, other than those expected from trends present before HIV reporting. Increases occurred in Nebraska (15.8%), Nevada (48.4%), New Jersey (21.3%), and Tennessee (62.8%). Predicted decreases occurred in Louisiana (10.5%) and Michigan (2.0%). In all areas, testing of at-risk heterosexuals increased in the year after HIV reporting was implemented (Louisiana, 10.5%; Michigan, 225.1 %; Nebraska, 5.7%; Nevada, 303.3%; New Jersey, 462.9%; Tennessee, 603.8%). Declines in testing occurred among men who have sex with men in Louisiana (4.3%) and Tennessee (4.1%) after HIV reporting; testing increased for this group in Michigan (5.3%), Nebraska (19.6%), Nevada (12.5%), and New Jersey (22.4%). Among injection drug users, testing declined in Louisiana (15%), Michigan (34.3%), and New Jersey (0.6%) and increased in Nebraska (1.7%), Nevada (18.9%), and Tennessee (16.6%).Confidential HIV reporting by name did not appear to affect use of HIV testing in publicly funded counseling and testing programs.
Humanism and the Art of Medicine
Authors: Alan R. Nelson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In his 21 June 1989 inaugural address to the annual meeting of the American Medical Association in Chicago, AMA President Alan Nelson asks his colleagues to reflect on the aspect of their profession that denotes the responsibility they have for caring, and on the relationship between art and science in medicine. He identifies five components of the art of medicine: humanism, diligence and faithfulness, altruism, ethical behavior, and the "special sense" or instinct that gives a physician insight into a patient's needs. Nelson emphasizes that these values are necessary to achieve a balance between the technical and the personal in medicine.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial
Authors: David L. Hawk
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Occasionally I am intrigued by<i>JAMA</i>'s cover and enjoy reading the brief description about the featured work of art. The cover of the November 11 issue, featuring a panel from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial, was as striking a cover as I can remember. Needless to say, I was very disappointed to find no accompanying article, not even a brief comment. What an opportunity missed! We need to hear how tragic this war was. Those who died and even those who survived are the victims of one of our country's worst mistakes. Tens of thousands of young men were killed and many times more were physically and mentally maimed. And then there are their families. We must never allow a mistake like this to occur again. We should be told how breathtaking this memorial is in real life. The lump it creates in the throat, the tears
Letter: Metaclopramide and prolactin.
Authors: A S McNeilly, M O Thorner, G Volans, G M Besser
Journal: BMJ (1974)

clude the possibility of a direct effect of metoclopramide and propantheline on absorption across the intestinal mucosa.We have tested the effects of these compounds and of phenobarbitone on D-xylose absorption from rat small intestine in vitro.Everted sacs were used with Krebs phosphate buffer containing calci,um and glucose.' Transport of 50 mM xylose was measured with a concentration gradient- that is, with buffer only and no xylose initially within the sac.The drugs were added to the mucosal and serosal solutions of alternative sacs at a concentration of 1 rmnol/l.Phenobarbitone and metoclopramide significantly reduced xylose transport but propantheline had no such effect.Our finding of inhibition by metoclo- pramide agrees with the clinical findings of Kendall' in individuals with normal gastro- intestinal function.He also showed that propantheline increased urinary excretion, and presumably intestinal absorption, of xylose in one case of carcinoid syndrome.No such effect of propantheline was ob- served in our investigation in vitro.The in-situ intestinal loop preparation with anaesthetized rats has been used to study antibiotic absorption.This showed good correlation when predicting antibiotic absorption in man.By contrast, results with the everted sac as a model for gastro- intestinal absorption had to be interpreted with extreme caution.5Our results agree with this latter view.Thus phenobarbitone6 and metoclopramide show similar effects on xylose absorption both in vivo and in vitro but there is no such correlation with pro- pantheline.-Weare, etc.,
Noninvasive Imaging of Angiotensin Receptors After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Johan W.H. Verjans, Dagfinn Lovhaug, Navneet Narula, Artiom D. Petrov, Bård Indrevoll, Emma Bjurgert, Tatiana B. Krasieva, Lizette B. Petersen, Grete M. Kindberg, Magne Solbakken, Alan Cuthbertson, Mani A. Vannan, Chris P.M. Reutelingsperger, Bruce J. Tromberg, Leonard Hofstra, Jagat Narula
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2008)
A New Scalar Electrocardiographic Computer Program
Authors: Lamar Crevasse
Journal: JAMA (1973)

A new computer electrocardiographic program has been evaluated on 1000 electrocardiograms and compared with clinical interpretation. The computer can differentiate normal from abnormal ECGs with 97% reliability. The computer contour statement accuracy was almost identical with the 92% clinical accuracy. False-positives and false-negatives were comparable. A major flaw in the computer analysis is the inability to analyze complex arrhythmias such as atrioventricular dissociation, atrial arrhythmia with varying block, or sinus rhythm with multiple ectopic events; however, the program consistently states "undetermined rhythm" for these arrhythmias. With the exception of complex arrhythmias this program seems adequate for routine analysis of ECGs with minimal physician overread.
Axoplasmic Importins Enable Retrograde Injury Signaling in Lesioned Nerve
Authors: Shlomit Hanz, Eran Perlson, Dianna Willis, Jun-Qi Zheng, R'ada Massarwa, Juan J. Huerta, Martin Koltzenburg, Matthias Kohler, Jan van-Minnen, Jeffery L. Twiss, Mike Fainzilber
Journal: Neuron (2003)
Judge blocks Oregon's assisted suicide measure
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Radionuclide therapy targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is promising for prostate cancer. We previously reported a ligand, <sup>64</sup>Cu-CuSarbisPSMA, featuring 2 lysine-ureido-glutamate groups. Here, we report the therapeutic potential of <sup>67</sup>Cu-CuSarbisPSMA. <b>Methods:</b> Growth of PSMA-positive xenografts was evaluated after treatment with <sup>67</sup>Cu-CuSarbisPSMA or <sup>177</sup>Lu-LuPSMA imaging and therapy (I&amp;T). <b>Results:</b> At 13 d after injection, tumor growth was similarly inhibited by the 2 tracers in a dose-dependent manner. Survival was comparable after single (30 MBq) or fractionated (2 × 15 MBq, 2 wk apart) administrations. <b>Conclusion:</b><sup>67</sup>Cu-CuSarbisPSMA is efficacious in a PSMA-expressing model of prostate cancer.