tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 790: Mutations and copy number gains of <i>EGFR</i> and <i>KRAS</i> genes in lung adenocarcinomas
Authors: Junichi Soh, Shinichi Toyooka, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Hisayuki Shigematsu, Hiroaki Asano, Masaomi Yamane, Kazuhiro Tsukuda, Takahiro Oto, Adi F. Gazdar, Shinichiro Miyoshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Activating mutations or copy number gains (CNGs) of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS genes are major oncogenic alterations in lung adenocarcinomas. While mutations of these genes are well-known to be mutually exclusive each other, the interrelationship of four genetic alterations (mutations or CNGs of EGFR or KRAS gene) has never been investigated. Material and methods: We determined these four genetic alterations in 314 lung adenocarcinoma cases including 176 Asians and 138 Non-Asians from four countries with complete clinical information. Mutational and CNG statuses of EGFR or KRAS gene were determined by direct sequencing and quantitative PCR method, respectively. Results: EGFR mutations (mEGFR), EGFR CNGs (gEGFR), KRAS mutations (mKRAS) and KRAS CNGs (gKRAS) were present in 25%, 35%, 23% and 6% of 314 cases, respectively (Table 1). Either alteration of EGFR or KRAS gene was present in 41% and 20% of all cases, respectively. Alterations of either EGFR or KRAS gene were observed in 67% of 314 cases, that was significantly more frequent in Asian never smokers (84%) than other groups (61%, P = 0.0001). Of note, CNGs of both genes preferentially occurred in their respective mutant case (P = 0.001 in EGFR and P = 0.04 in KRAS). mEGFR and mKRAS were completely mutually exclusive each other while gEGFR and gKRAS were not. Either alteration of EGFR was also exclusively present with either alteration of KRAS (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) while 19 cases (6%) had alterations of both genes. Interestingly, gKRAS was detected in one case among 79 mEGFR cases (1.3%) while gEGFR could be observed in 10 cases among 71 mKRAS cases (14.1%, P = 0.003). Conclusion: Activations of EGFR and/or KRAS genes are present in about 70% of lung adenocarcinomas. Activations of EGFR or KRAS gene are almost exclusive and activating mutation of EGFR rarely accompanies KRAS activation, suggesting that two genetic alterations independently associate with oncogenesis of lung adenocarcinomas.Table 1.Activated pathway of 314 lung adenocarcinomasActivated pathwayTypes of activationn%Both genesSubtotal196.1 m, gEGFR + gKRAS10.3 gEGFR + m, gKRAS51.6 gEGFR + mKRAS51.6 gEGFR + gKRAS82.5 EGFR gene aloneSubtotal12941.1 mEGFR3912.4 m, gEGFR3912.4 gEGFR5116.2 KRAS gene aloneSubtotal6219.7 mKRAS5818.5 m, gKRAS31.0 gKRAS10.3 NoneSubtotal10433.1 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 790.
Cancer and the Internist
Authors: SAMUEL G. TAYLOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

Editorials1 July 1966Cancer and the InternistSAMUEL G. TAYLOR III, M.D.SAMUEL G. TAYLOR III, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-65-1-189 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWith the internist's knowledge in diagnosis, hematology, endocrinology, cardiology, respiratory disease, gastroenterology, neurology, and pharmacology, his contribution to the total care of the patient with cancer should be at least as great as that of the radiotherapist and surgeon. He should, in fact, be responsible for all phases of cancer from primary diagnosis to the terminal care of the patient.The internist's responsibility begins with use of all the available techniques for the early detection of cancer. He not only should have knowledge of the newer techniques for this detection but should practice them. Yet, in many localities internists have... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Section of Oncology Division of Medicine Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital Chicago, Ill. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMedical oncologyA special report. Medical oncology: The new subspecialtyTraining Program in Medical OncologyB. J. KENNEDY, M.D., F.A.C.P., PAUL CALABRESI, M.D., F.A.C.P., PAUL P. CARBONE, M.D., EMIL FREI III, M.D., F.A.C.P., JAMES F. HOLLAND, M.D., F.A.C.P., ALBERT H. OWENS JR., M.D., F.A.C.P., MARVIN H. SLEISENGER, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOHN C. BECK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Oncology in MedicineB. J. KENNEDY, M.D. 1 July 1966Volume 65, Issue 1Page: 189-191KeywordsCancer detection and diagnosisEnd of life careEndocrinologyHematology and oncologyNeurologyPatientsPharmacologyPulmonary diseasesSurgeons Issue Published: 1 July 1966 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cardiac Arrest
Authors: LeRoy H. Stahlgren
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Seventy cases of cardiac arrest treated by cardiac massage were recorded at the Philadelphia General Hospital over a six-year period. Forty-five patients were seen in the operating room; 27 were resuscitated and 11 recovered (24.5%). Twenty-five patients suffered cardiac arrest outside the operating room: seven were resuscitated but only one patient recovered. Cardiac massage, better termed cardiac pumping, can be performed both inside and outside of the operating room. Time does not permit moving the patient, if the patient is to be revived. A delay of four minutes after the last heart beat, recognized by the stopping of the carotid arterial pulsation, will result in severe damage to both the brain and viscera. Two important criteria are described which should be considered before cardiac massage is performed outside the operating room: the interval between arrest and institution of massage should be less than four minutes; the patient's primary disease should be reversible. Four cases of patients with cardiac arrest which occurred outside the operating room are illustrated.
Intraocular Pressure Elevation within the First 24 Hours after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Glaucoma or Exfoliation Syndrome
Authors: Hani Levkovitch-Verbin, Zohar Habot-Wilner, Nirit Burla, Shlomo Melamed, Modi Goldenfeld, Shai M. Bar-Sela, Dan Sachs
Journal: Ophthalmology (2007)
The Police-Mental Health Partnership: A Community-Based Response to Urban Violence
Authors: Carl C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The nine authors, five from the Child Study Center at Yale University and four from the New Haven Department of Police Service, have done an outstanding job in collaborating on this important little book. Their cooperation is a reflection of the actual partnership within the Child Development—Community Policing (CDCP) Program in New Haven, Conn, which was designed to ameliorate the traumatic impact of violence on children's lives. The introduction outlines the scope of the problem of community violence and reviews several studies that give some indication of how many children are exposed to this type of trauma. In addition, there are explanations of community policing and community mental health and how the CD-CP Program was developed based on the principles of Dr James Comer. Referred to as a manual by the lead author, this how-to handbook outlines the components of the CD-CP Program. The first component—the child development fellowship—was designed
The Clinical Features of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Charles Ragan
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Five hundred patients with adult rheumatoid arthritis followed for more than 6 years were studied to determine the clinical features presenting on the first visit which were associated with a poor end result. Sustained disease led to the greatest disability, and features present on the first visit suggesting the development of sustained disease were (1) long duration of active disease, (2) severe disease, and (3) the presence in the serum of the rheumatoid factor. Onset early in adult life led to a poor prognosis. Males fared no better than females in this group of patients. By their presence or absence, none of the following clinical features influenced the ultimate outcome: symmetrical involvement, exacerbation or remission early in the course, pain, stiffness, fever, or anemia.
Great Expectations
Authors: C R Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

So you like to read? Good, you came to the right place. USC Class of 1994 Survival Guide 1 There are some 1350 medical schools on planet earth.2 All have the common goal of training, even educating, potential physicians. In view of their geographic, economic, and cultural diversity, it is not surprising that the length and content of courses and the style of teaching vary considerably among medical schools. Some schools are geared to produce doctors who will function when diluted 10,000-fold in the general population, with annual health budgets of approximately $1 per patient, whereas others turn out graduates who . . .
Driver somatic mutations identify distinct disease entities within myeloid neoplasms with myelodysplasia
Authors: Luca Malcovati, Elli Papaemmanuil, Ilaria Ambaglio, Chiara Elena, Anna Gallì, Matteo G. Della Porta, Erica Travaglino, Daniela Pietra, Cristiana Pascutto, Marta Ubezio, Elisa Bono, Matteo C. Da Vià, Angela Brisci, Francesca Bruno, Laura Cremonesi, Maurizio Ferrari, Emanuela Boveri, Rosangela Invernizzi, Peter J. Campbell, Mario Cazzola
Journal: Blood (2014)
A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Inflammatory Gene <i>RNASEL</i> Predicts Outcome after Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jonathan D. Schoenfeld, Danielle N. Margalit, Julie L. Kasperzyk, Irene M. Shui, Jennifer R. Rider, Mara M. Epstein, Allison Meisner, Stacey A. Kenfield, Neil E. Martin, Paul L. Nguyen, Philip W. Kantoff, Edward L. Giovannucci, Meir J. Stampfer, Lorelei A. Mucci
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

To study associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in Ribonuclease L (RNASEL), a gene implicated in inflammation and prostate cancer risk, and outcomes after radiation therapy.
1116-26 Early experience with percutaneous aortic valve implantation in patients with severe nonoperable aortic stenosis
Authors: Hélène Eltchaninoff, Christophe Tron, Fabrice Bauer, Carla Agatiello, Laurent Sebagh, Danielle Nusimovici, Alain Cribier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Chronic Haemodialysis and Personality
Authors: M.C. Ventura, R. González, A. Alarcón, A. Morro, E. Llabres
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

The object of this study was to detect the influence of time under treatment on haemodialysis on the personality. The samples are a group on haemodialysis (EXT, n = 62) and a control group (CON, n = 33). The haemodialysis patients were grouped by years under treatment (EX1 less than 4 years, and EX2 greater than 4 years). To study personality variables, the Eysenck Personality Inventory test was used. The results showed, using t test, significant differences on neuroticism (N), extraversion (E) and lie or dissimulation (L), between both experimental subgroups (N, p less than 0.01; E, p less than 0.05 and L, p less than 0.02) as well as between experimental and control groups (N, p less than 0.01; E, p less than 0.01 and L, p less than 0.001). On the experimental group (EXT) a high neuroticism (mean = 73.1) level was observed associated with a low level of extraversion (mean = 41.8) and lie or dissimulation (mean = 29.9). According to the observed results, the length of time on haemodialysis affects the groups in a different, significant way. In the EX2 it is observed that the scores decrease on the three personality dimensions, their differences being significant.This chronic illness places patients first on a very high level of neuroticism, as a confrontation to the stress provoked by their situation. Following this, due to the patients' awareness of their own chronic state, the level of neuroticism decreases, their high level of introversion and the absence of lie as a possible defense mechanism of denial facing their hard reality being more significant.
Should lidocaine be administered routinely to all patients after acute myocardial infarction?
Authors: D C Harrison
Journal: Circulation (1978)

For more than 10 years, coronary care units have used electrocardiographic monitoring for detecting and treating life-threatening arrhythmias in patients who have had acute myocardial infarction.With this experience as background, it is opportune to reassess some of the principles that are used in many cor- onary care units for treating these patients.Some investigators question whether all patients with acute infarc- tion should receive antiarrhythmic drugs routinely to prevent primary ventricular fibrillation.The purpose of this editorial is to review this concept.
Phosphatase WIP1 regulates adult neurogenesis and WNT signaling during aging
Authors: Yunhua Zhu, Oleg N. Demidov, Amanda M. Goh, David M. Virshup, David P. Lane, Dmitry V. Bulavin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

The number of newly formed neurons declines rapidly during aging, and this decrease in neurogenesis is associated with decreased function of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs). Here, we determined that a WIP1-dependent pathway regulates NPC differentiation and contributes to the age-associated decline of neurogenesis. Specifically, we found that WIP1 is expressed in NPCs of the mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) and aged animals with genetically enhanced WIP1 expression exhibited higher NPC numbers and neuronal differentiation compared with aged WT animals. Additionally, augmenting WIP1 expression in aged animals markedly improved neuron formation and rescued a functional defect in fine odor discrimination in aged mice. We identified the WNT signaling pathway inhibitor DKK3 as a key downstream target of WIP1 and found that expression of DKK3 in the SVZ is restricted to NPCs. Using murine reporter strains, we determined that DKK3 inhibits neuroblast formation by suppressing WNT signaling and Dkk3 deletion or pharmacological activation of the WNT pathway improved neuron formation and olfactory function in aged mice. We propose that WIP1 controls DKK3-dependent inhibition of neuronal differentiation during aging and suggest that regulating WIP1 levels could prevent certain aspects of functional decline of the aging brain.
Mechanism, localization and cure of atrial arrhythmias occurring after a new intraoperative endocardial radiofrequency ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Stuart P Thomas, Graham R Nunn, Ian A Nicholson, Arianwen Rees, Michael P.J Daly, Richard B Chard, David L Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
P17.72 * ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA AFTER TEMOZOLOMIDE TREATMENT FOR OLIGODENDROGLIOMA: CASE REPORT
Authors: C. Prevost, D. Ferrandi, M. T. Corsetti, M. Mascolo, L. Depaoli, F. Salvi, R. Bottaro, M. Melato, M. Palermo, L. Ruiz
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Temozolomide is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of high grade gliomas. The drug acts blocking cell division so tumor growth is slowed. TMZ has been reported to cause secondary myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia while TMZ related acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is rare. We describe a man affected by a oligodendroglioma, who developed a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 12 months after stopping TMZ. CASE REPORT: A 41-years-old male presented a new-onset generalized seizure. A CT brain scan showed a bilateral frontal lesion and calcifications within. MRI documented a small contrast-enhancement in the left frontal region. The patient underwent surgical treatment. Histological examination revealed a oligodendroglioma (WHO grade II, 13% proliferation index). The molecular study identified a 1p/19q codeletion. The patient was treated with adiuvant chemotherapy (TMZ 200 mg/m2/day for 5 days in a 28- day-cycle). He was given a total of 36 cycles, ended in October 2012. Antiepileptic therapy was associated, then stopped after about three years, because he was seizures-free. During the three years of chemotherapy the disease remain stable. In conjunction with the 36th cycle the MRI perfusion and spettroscopy demonstrated a small tumor's recurrence in the left frontal region that was treated with gamma-knife radio surgery (total dose 20 Gy). The procedure was well tolerated and after three months the brain MRI was improved. The following neuroradiological examinations showed a stable disease. 12 months from the last TMZ-cycle submandibular and inguinal lymphadenopathy were discovered and the presence of a small ulcerated lesion with blood contours in the left peritonsillar side was observed. The patient underwent to Haematologist and after additional blood tests, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed. The immunocytometric analysis on bone marrow cells showed the following phenotype: CD7++; CD8++, CD10 high, TdT++, CD38++. Cytogenetics analysis resulted in a normal karyotype. CT thoracic-abdominal scan showed diffuse lymphoadenophaties. The patients was treated with the protocol for lymphoblastic leukaemia running in out institution, with idarubicin, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, l-asparaginase and steroids. He obtained complete remission and he is now under treatment with cycles of consolidation chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: This is the first case described of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia following TMZ therapy. TMZ is largely used for treatment of gliomas. The possibility that a therapy-related leukemia may develop must be taken in account in patients with haematological signs. Although the phenotype of this T-cell leukaemia is different from the other reported cases (until now only B-cell), the temporal relation between TMZ therapy and the diagnosis of leukaemia strongly suggests the causality between these two events.
Ethanol potentiates tumor necrosis factor-α cytotoxicity in hepatoma cells and primary rat hepatocytes by promoting induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition
Authors: John G. Pastorino, Jan B. Hoek
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

In the present study, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cytotoxicity is shown to be potentiated by ethanol exposure in vitro in the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, and in rat primary hepatocytes. Exposure of HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes for 48 hours to concentrations of ethanol ranging between 50 and 100 mmol/L significantly increased TNF-α cytotoxicity compared with cells treated with TNF-α alone. The cell killing was associated with, and dependent on, the development of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). Two inhibitors of MPT pore opening, cyclosporin A and bongkrekic acid, prevented TNF-α cytotoxicity in the presence of ethanol. In addition to inhibiting cell death caused by TNF-α, blockade of MPT pore opening prevented mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c redistribution from the mitochondria to the cytosol, caspase 3 activation, and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Unlike the potentiation of TNF-α cytotoxicity by the translational inhibitor cycloheximide, ethanol promoted TNF-α-induced cell killing by a mechanism that was independent of caspase-8 activity. HepG2 cells overexpressing cytochrome-P4502E1 were even more sensitized by ethanol to induction of the MPT by TNF-α and the resultant cytotoxicity than wild-type HepG2 cells. In addition, primary hepatocytes isolated from chronically ethanol-fed rats showed enhanced susceptibility to TNF-α cytotoxicity compared with their isocalorically matched controls. Again as with the HepG2 cells, inhibiting MPT pore opening prevented the cytotoxicity of TNF-α in the primary hepatocytes isolated from ethanol-fed animals.
<i>Yellow Calla Lilies</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human Cytomegalovirus Immunization Prospects
Authors: Donald N. Medearis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Successful immunization to prevent an infectious disease is most easily accomplished when certain conditions are met: the infection and its disease are readily detected and identified, and they occur in close temporal association; the offending virus has a single antigenic type, its pathogenic potential is limited to a single disease, and the virus does not change in nature; a person, once infected, acquires protective antibody that confers lifelong immunity so that the disease never recurs in that person; the protective antibody or immune factor and its locus of secretion and action are easily detected and identified; and the virus can . . .
General Surgical Pre-admission Clinic
Authors: D. L. Crosby, G. H. Griffith, J. R. E. Jenkins, R. Real, B. C. Roberts, A. P. M. Forrest
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Ninety-nine patients from a non-urgent general surgical waiting list were randomly selected for either direct admission to a hospital bed or review at a preadmission clinic. A considerable reduction in subsequent bed occupancy was shown in the latter group. The findings suggest that more detailed review of patients in the outpatient department would result in the more efficient use of hospital facilities.
N-(3,4-DIMETHOXYCINNAMOYL) ANTHRANILIC ACID PREVENTS CANINE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ASSOCIATED WITH TACHYCARDIA-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Yosuke Nakatani, Masao Sakabe, Akira Fujiki, Tamotsu Sakamoto, Kunihiro Nishida, Yoshiaki Yamaguchi, Jotaro Iwamoto, Koichi Mizumaki, Hiroshi Inoue
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Hypochondriasis and Symptom Reporting – The Effect of Attention versus Distraction
Authors: Marie-Anne Haenen, Anton J.M. Schmidt, Sabine Kroeze, Marcel A. van den Hout
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

This study examined symptom perception in hypochondriacal patients without physical stimulation.Seventeen outpatients with DSM-III-R hypochondriasis and 16 healthy control subjects were compared. All subjects were asked to report perceived sensations in three conditions: attention, distraction and control.It was found that hypochondriacal subjects showed remarkably higher levels of symptom reporting than healthy subjects in all three conditions. In spite of excessive attention to bodily sensations in a control condition, attention instructions still added significantly to symptom reporting in hypochondriacal patients. The effect of distraction was not significant in either of the groups. Furthermore, group differences in symptom reporting appeared to be related to preoccupation with bodily symptoms rather than to general anxiety level as measured by the STAI.Hypochondriacal patients report more bodily sensations than healthy controls when no instructions are given. In addition, focussing on bodily sensations seems to cause a significant overall increase of perceived symptoms in hypochondriacal patients, whereas in healthy subjects there is a trend towards an increase in symptom reporting.