tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cobra Bite Following Immunization Against Cobra Venom
Authors: E. Dean Canan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

THE INDIAN COBRA (<i>Naja naja</i>) is considered by most authorities to be one of the most deadly snakes in the world. In India, where the annual mortality from snakebite may reach 25,000 to 30,000, the bite of the cobra is considered one of the prime offenders. Ahuja and Singh<sup>1</sup>and Puranananda<sup>2</sup>have reviewed the symptomatology of cobra bite. The symptoms listed were as follows: pain in and around the bite area, edema extending up the affected limb, numbness, lassitude, drowsiness, and incoordination resembling alcoholic intoxication. The initial symptoms may be followed by a sense of receding consciousness. Breathing becomes difficult, the pulse is weak, heart action is speeded, and speech becomes slurred. There is a dribbling of saliva as well as paralysis of the tongue and laryngeal muscles associated with difficulty of respiration. Coma, respiratory paralysis, and death follow shortly. Convulsions, paralysis of the limbs, and loss of
CD40 ligation reverses T cell tolerance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Long Zhang, Xiufen Chen, Xiao Liu, Douglas E. Kline, Ryan M. Teague, Thomas F. Gajewski, Justin Kline
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Spontaneous antigen-specific T cell responses can be generated in hosts harboring a variety of solid malignancies, but are subverted by immune evasion mechanisms active within the tumor microenvironment. In contrast to solid tumors, the mechanisms that regulate T cell activation versus tolerance to hematological malignancies have been underexplored. A murine acute myeloid leukemia (AML) model was used to investigate antigen-specific T cell responses against AML cells inoculated i.v. versus s.c. Robust antigen-specific T cell responses were generated against AML cells after s.c., but not i.v., inoculation. In fact, i.v. AML cell inoculation prevented functional T cell activation in response to subsequent s.c. AML cell challenge. T cell dysfunction was antigen specific and did not depend on Tregs or myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Antigen-specific TCR-Tg CD8+ T cells proliferated, but failed to accumulate, and expressed low levels of effector cytokines in hosts after i.v. AML induction, consistent with abortive T cell activation and peripheral tolerance. Administration of agonistic anti-CD40 Ab to activate host APCs enhanced accumulation of functional T cells and prolonged survival. Our results suggest that antigen-specific T cell tolerance is a potent immune evasion mechanism in hosts with AML that can be reversed in vivo after CD40 engagement.
Association of somatotrophinomas with loss of alleles on chromosome 11 and with gsp mutations.
Authors: R V Thakker, M A Pook, C Wooding, M Boscaro, M Scanarini, R N Clayton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The molecular pathology of somatotrophinomas has been investigated by a combined search for dominant mutations of the gene encoding the Gs alpha protein and for recessive mutations involving chromosome 11q13, which contains the gene causing multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Somatotrophinomas and peripheral leukocytes were obtained from thirteen patients with acromegaly; one patient also suffered from MEN1. Five DNA probes identifying restriction fragment length polymorphisms from 11q revealed allele loss in pituitary tumors from five (four non-MEN1 and one MEN1) patients. Deletion mapping revealed that the region of allele loss common to the somatotrophinomas involved 11q13. An analysis for similar allelic deletions at 12 other loci from chromosomes 1-5, 7-9, 12-14, and 17 did not reveal generalized allele loss in the somatotrophinomas. These results, which represent the first report of chromosome 11 allele loss occurring in non-MEN1 somatotrophinomas, indicate that a recessive oncogene on 11q13 is specifically involved in the monoclonal development of somatotrophinomas. In addition Gs alpha mutations were detected in two non-MEN1 somatotrophinomas, one of which also revealed allele loss of chromosome 11. Thus, our results reveal that the development of somatotrophinomas is associated with alterations in both dominant and recessive oncogenes and further characterization of these genetic abnormalities will help to elucidate the multistep etiology and progression of somatotrophinomas.
Outpatient Treatment Trial of Mild and Severe Hypertension
Authors: K. L. Stuart, C. MacIver, J. A. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Not much is known about the feasibility or the advantages of treatment of subjects with only mild hypertension. There are also many unresolved problems in the outpatient management of hypertension of any severity. In this study an analysis is made of the results of a controlled treatment trial of 56 subjects with mild hypertension, 26 of whom were treated with active drug and 30 initially with placebo, and a treatment programme involving 81 patients with moderate or severe hypertension, all of whom received treatment with active drug. The drugs used in this study were bethanidine, debrisoquine, and guanethidine. Follow-up for 12 months or more was achieved in 87% of individuals admitted to the study with mild hypertension and in 80% with severe hypertension. Many subjects with only mildly raised blood pressure were found to have cardiac enlargement on chest <i>x</i>-ray (up to 45%) and left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiogram (up to 51%). Rapid rates of rise of blood pressure were observed in many placebo-treated subjects; but good blood pressure control was achieved in 63 out of 104 patients (61%) receiving active drug in both the mild and the severe hypertension groups. The drugs used showed approximately equal effectiveness in controlling blood pressure.
Relationship of Changes in Obesity to Serum Lipid and Lipoprotein Changes in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: David S. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To assess relationships between increases in triceps skin-fold thickness (TRSF) and changes in levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins in early life, a biracial sample of 1,598 five to 12 year olds were reexamined five years after an initial examination. Significant positive correlations, controlled for age, were observed between changes in TRSF and changes in levels of serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and low- and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Inverse associations between changes in TRSF and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were weaker, but also statistically significant. Although females showed the largest increases in TRSF, most associations were stronger in males. Increases in estimated percentage body fat and ponderal index (kilograms per cubic meter) were highly associated with changes in TRSF, but showed slightly different associations with the serum lipids and lipoproteins. Results show that increases in obesity in youth are accompanied by an increasingly atherogenic lipoprotein profile.
987 HIGH PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS MARKER IN IMMIGRANT POPULATIONS: A PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER SCREENING APPROACH IN A REAL WORLD SETTING
Authors: B. Heidrich, A. Cetindere, M. Beyaz, M.M. Basaran, B. Braynis, R. Raupach, M. Darnedde, B. Bremer, M.P. Manns, H. Wedemeyer, M. Bastürk
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abstract 5445: Polyphenolic phytochemical curcumin suppresses HER-2 protein phosphorylation and gene expression in breast cancer cells
Authors: T. J. Thomas, Sripriya Venkiteswaran
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the major pigment ingredient of turmeric, a plant native to South Asia, belonging to ginger family. Turmeric is used in Oriental cuisine and is believed to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties. Curcumin has apoptotic activity against different types of cancer, including colon cancer, stomach and skin tumors, breast cancer and prostate cancer, and has been the subject of several clinical studies. Curcumin disrupts different stages of carcinogenesis, including cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and metastasis in preclinical models. In order to understand the mechanism of action of curcumin in HER-2 positive breast cancer, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of curcumin on SK-BR-3, an HER-2 positive human breast cancer cell line. Curcumin inhibited the growth of SK-BR-3 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 5 ± 1 µg. A significant 80% cells underwent apoptosis in the presence of 25 µM curcumin at the 24 hour of treatment, as determined by APO-BRDU assay. At 25 µM concentration, curcumin suppressed the expression of HER-2 gene by a significant 70% (P ≤ 0.005, compared to untreated control) at 24 hours of treatment, as measured by real-time qPCR assay. In addition, curcumin suppressed the expression of cyclin A, cyclin B1, cyclin D1 and cyclin E by 30 to 70%. In contrast, 10, 25 and 50 µM concentrations of curcumin increased the expression of p21 by 4-, 3-, and 2-fold, respectively, at 16 hours of treatment. Comparable increase in p21 level was evident at 24 hours of treatment also. Curcumin arrested cells in the G2/M phase (38 ± 3% compared to 22 ± 2 % control at the same time point; P &amp;lt; 0.001; n = 3). Curcumin suppressed HER-2 phosphorylation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, suggesting a possible mechanism of action. Pre-treatment of cells with an anti-oxidant, glutathione partially reversed apoptosis induced by curcumin, and restored HER-2 and cyclin D1 protein levels. These results suggest the involvement of redox pathway also in the action of curcumin. Taken together, our data indicate multiple pathways in the mechanism of action of curcumin in HER-2 positive breast cancer cells, and suggest possible preventive strategies with this natural plant product. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5445. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5445
Assessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asthmatic subjects.
Authors: L. Hodge, K. Y. Yan, R. L. Loblay
Journal: Thorax (1996)

Identification of food chemical intolerance in asthmatic subjects can be reliably assessed by changes in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in response to double blind, placebo controlled challenges on a strict elimination diet. However, this method is cumbersome and time consuming. A study was undertaken to determine whether changes in bronchial responsiveness to histamine following food chemical challenge without an elimination diet might be a faster, more convenient method.Eleven adult asthmatic subjects were challenged twice with metabisulphite, aspirin, monosodium glutamate, artificial food colours, sodium nitrite/ nitrate, 0.5% citric acid solution (placebo), and sucrose (placebo) on separate days. During the first set of challenges subjects consumed a normal diet. Bronchial responsiveness to histamine was assessed 90 minutes after each challenge. A greater than twofold increase in bronchial responsiveness was considered positive. For one month prior to and during the second set of challenges subjects followed a strict elimination diet and FEV1 was monitored during and for two hours after each challenge. A fall in FEV1 of 20% or more was considered positive.Of the 77 food chemical challenges performed on an unmodified diet, 20 were positive (six placebo responses). In two subjects it was not possible to perform a histamine test after one of the chemical challenges because of poor spirometric function. Of the 77 food chemical challenges performed on an elimination diet, 11 were positive (no placebo responses). Excluding the two challenges in which there were no corresponding histamine tests, only on two occasions did the positive responses in both methods coincide, giving the unmodified diet method a sensitivity of 22%.Strict dietary elimination and measurement of FEV1 after double blind food chemical challenge remains the most reliable method for the detection of food chemical intolerance in asthmatic subjects.
Corrigendum to “Impaired left ventricular relaxation in type 2 diabetic rats is related to myocardial accumulation of N<sup>ε</sup>‐(carboxymethyl)lysine” [Eur J Heart Fail 2006;8:2–6]
Authors: Stefan Schäfer, Jochen Huber, Cornelia Wihler, Hartmut Rütten, Andreas E. Busch, Wolfgang Linz
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Pneumonia in intubated trauma patients. Microbiology and outcomes.
Authors: A M Baker, J W Meredith, E F Haponik
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

To describe the epidemiology of nosocomial pneumonia in trauma patients and its impact on outcome, we performed a retrospective case-control analysis. Quantitative bronchoscopic cultures were collected from 62 intubated patients with suspected pneumonia. Patients with proven pneumonia had higher abdominal injury scores. Those with bronchoscopy-negative pneumonitis were older. Age and injury severity were used to match two controls to each case. The incidence of pneumonia was 5.8% Streptococci and Hemophilus were common pathogens, but gram-negative rods were isolated more frequently after lengthier intubation. Polymicrobial infections were common. There were no serious complications of bronchoscopy, and culture results often led to antibiotic therapy. No excess mortality could be attributed to pneumonia. Patients with pneumonia and those with bronchoscopy-negative pneumonitis required prolonged care compared with others (p < 0.05). Patients with pneumonia did not receive excess ventilation or hospitalization but incurred hospital charges 1.5 times higher than controls (p = 0.04). Pneumonia was confirmed in less than half of those suspected of having it on the basis of clinical findings. When severity of injury was considered, pneumonia was associated with neither increased mortality nor increased hospital care, but the clinical features suggesting respiratory infection identified trauma patients requiring prolonged hospitalization and incurring higher costs.
Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular end‐systolic elastance in the elderly
Authors: Domenico de Santis, Pasquale Abete, Gianluca Testa, Francesco Cacciatore, Gianluigi Galizia, Dario Leosco, Luisa Viati, Vincenzo Del Villano, David Della Morte, Francesca Mazzella, Nicola Ferrara, Franco Rengo
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2005)
The Value of a Special Auricular Lead and of Carotid-Sinus Pressure in the Electrocardiographs Diagnosis of Tachycardias and Other Disorders of the Heart Beat
Authors: Laurence B. Ellis, Leslie W. Lannan, James M. Faulkner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

ONE of the chief uses of the electrocardiogram in clinical medicine is in the differential diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias. Ordinarily, a definite diagnosis of the disorder of the beat can be made easily from the standard leads, but in patients with tachycardias it may be difficult or impossible to be certain of the type of arrhythmia present because the auricular waves may be small or hidden in the QRS or T complexes. The same statement is occasionally true with slower rates. Hence, a lead in which the electrodes are so applied as to show maximal potential changes developed by auricular . . .
The Making of a Murderer
Authors: HERMAN P. LANGNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The author believes that inadequately expressed anger and aggression are largely responsible for atrocities committed by our soldiers in Viet Nam. He describes the case of a young man in late adolescence who attempted suicide after being involved in an incident like the My Lai massacre. The author concludes that immaturity, basic personality problems, and the frustrating circumstances of combat in Viet Nam all contribute to willful killing and the subsequent reactions to it.
1155 PEG-IFN FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: THE PROSPECTIVE PHASE OF THE AIFA STUDY
Authors: F. Rosina, M.E. Tosti, E. Borghesio, A. Mele, G. Minoli, A. Gasbarrini, F. Pallone, G. Carosi, M. Rizzetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abscess of the Cerebellum, following Chronic Otitis Media: Trephining: Death
Authors: W. Milligan, A. W. Hare
Journal: BMJ (1890)

H., aged 14, had suffered for six years from suppurative catarrh of both tympanic cavities, following on an attack of scar- let fever.During the greater part of this period there had been intermittent discharge from both ears.He was very subject to catarrhal attacks, and at those times the discharge from the ear was always profuse, fcetid, and attended with considerable pain.For the last eighteen months, however, the left ear had remained dry.On November 1.5th the patient presented himself at the Ear Institution, complaining of eevere pain in the head.A week pre- viously, the discharge from the right ear had suddenly stopped, and from that time severe pain had set in.On examination.the pain was found to be present all over the right side of the head, but was more especially located over the right coronal suture.Slight percussion at this point produced the greatest agony.The boy's face wore an expression ot great anxriety.lie had had very little sleep for a week, although there was a constant feeling of great drowsiness.The pulse was 80, feeble, and at times inter- mittent; the skin cold and clammy.There was complete ano- rexia and an intense feeling of nausea, buv no actual vomiting.On making the patient stand with closed eyes, there was a slight
Where Should the Research Dollars Go?
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE (National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC) in a report entitled Funding Health Sciences Research, is urging the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in nearby Bethesda, Md, to put more funds into training and into building new—or refurbishing old—facilities. But that is being challenged by those who oppose any shifting of funds from research grants.  The argument is that, without more support for training—the institute urges a 40% increase in these programs over the next 10 years—the long-term health of the biomedical research community is in jeopardy. Assuming that more funds are unlikely, the money to pay for this should come from the biomedical grants program—$182 million a year for the next 10 years, says the institute.  This has now come under sharp criticism from the Federation of American Societies of Experimental Biology, which represents seven biomedical scientific societies with a total membership of around 30 000.
THE TEACHING OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
Authors: LEVERETT D. BRISTOL
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The New York State Health Commission, which was organized by President Franklin D. Roosevelt when he was governor of New York, recommended, among other things, in its report<sup>1</sup>that "additional courses in industrial hygiene be established in medical and public health schools." <h3>SPECIAL SURVEY AND COOPERATIVE STUDY</h3> From past experience in medical and public health teaching and administration and from the standpoint of present work in the field of industrial health service, I have been interested in making a survey of the present practices and recent trends in the teaching of industrial hygiene in the medical and public health schools of the United States and Canada. The study is based on written and printed material in the form of letters and school bulletins received from deans and other faculty members of the various colleges and universities. To all these persons, individually and collectively, I express my sincere appreciation of
Iliacus haematoma syndrome as a complication of anticoagulant therapy.
Authors: C. B. Fearn
Journal: BMJ (1968)

BRrT= 97She made an uneventful postoperative recovery, and when seen in the outpatient department four months later was well and men- struation had returned to normal.Histology.-Bycomparison with placentae belonging to embryos of known size the histology corresponds most closely to those of 10 to 15-mm.(37 to 42-day) embryos as regards the characteristics of the cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and the disposition of the stromal cells.
Phase I Evaluation of a Fully Human Anti–αv Integrin Monoclonal Antibody (CNTO 95) in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Saifee A. Mullamitha, Nhuan C. Ton, Geoff J.M. Parker, Alan Jackson, Peter J. Julyan, Caleb Roberts, Gio A. Buonaccorsi, Yvonne Watson, Karen Davies, Sue Cheung, Lynn Hope, Juan W. Valle, John A. Radford, Jeremy Lawrance, Mark P. Saunders, Mihaela C. Munteanu, Marian T. Nakada, Jeffrey A. Nemeth, Hugh M. Davis, Qun Jiao, Uma Prabhakar, Zhihui Lang, Robert E. Corringham, Robert A. Beckman, Gordon C. Jayson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: A fully human monoclonal antibody to anti–αv integrins (CNTO 95) has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth in preclinical studies. We assessed the safety and pharmacokinetics of CNTO 95 in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. Experimental Design: In this phase I trial, CNTO 95 (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, and 10.0 mg/kg) was infused on days 0, 28, 35, and 42, and clinical assessments, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), and [18F]-2-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) were done. Patients achieving stable disease or better were eligible for extended dosing every 3 weeks for up to 12 months. Results: Among the 24 enrolled patients, CNTO 95 was associated with one episode of grade III and four episodes of grade II infusion-related fever (all responded to acetaminophen). Of the six patients who received extended dosing, one patient (10.0 mg/kg), with cutaneous angiosarcoma, had a 9-month partial response. Pre- and post-treatment lesion biopsies confirmed tumor cell αv integrin expression, as well as CNTO 95 penetration of the tumor and localization to tumor cells in association with reduced bcl-2 expression. A lesion in one patient (10.0 mg/kg) with stable ovarian carcinosarcoma was no longer detectable by FDG-PET by day 49. Exposure to CNTO 95 seemed to increase in a greater-than-dose-proportional manner; dose-dependent mean half-life ranged from 0.26 to 6.7 days. Conclusions: CNTO 95 was generally well tolerated. Six patients received extended therapy, including one patient with a prolonged response. Biopsy data confirmed tumor localization and pharmacodynamic activity.
FIVE PSYCHOTIC SIBLINGS
Authors: SVEN E. JENSEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

A family is presented in which 5 of 7 siblings and 10 of 17 members of the last 2 generations have had psychotic episodes. At least 5 members have experienced their mental illness in connection with childbirth, and 2 in connection with back injury. It is suggested that our interpretation does not rule out a hereditary or somatic concept.
Prolonged Herpes-Zoster Infection Associated with Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: JAMES G. GALLAGHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Unusually prolonged zoster was observed in four patients, two with cardiac transplants, one with acute lymphocytic leukemia, and one with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Lesions increased in number and persisted for 5 to 24 weeks before beginning to resolve. Specific cellular-immune responsiveness to varicella-zoster virus was markedly depressed during these infections. Absolute numbers of T lymphocytes were also very low. Reducing immunosuppressive therapy to increase immune responses appeared to initiate resolution of zoster lesions and halt dissemination. In one patient treatment with adenine arabinoside was also needed for resolution of disseminated zoster. This syndrome appears to be a counterpart of the prolonged mucocutaneous herpessimplex infection previously reported in immunosuppressed cardiac and renal transplant patients.