tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Lumen Enlargement After Excimer Laser Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Gary S. Mintz, Julie A. Kovach, Saturnino P. Javier, Augusto D. Pichard, Kenneth M. Kent, Jeffrey J. Popma, Lowell F. Salter, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (1995)

The mechanisms of excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) have never been studied in human coronary arteries in vivo.ELCA was used to treat 202 lesions in 190 patients. Forty-nine lesions in 48 patients were studied by use of sequential (before and after ELCA and after adjunctive device therapy) intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). External elastic membrane (EEM), lumen, and plaque+media (P+M = EEM-lumen) cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and lesion arcs of calcium were measured before and after ELCA and after adjunct device use. Lumen improvement after ELCA (1.4 +/- 0.5 to 2.7 +/- 0.8 mm2) was the result of both tissue ablation (decrease in P+M CSA from 16.8 +/- 7.1 to 15.9 +/- 6.7 mm2, P < .0001) and vessel expansion (increase in EEM CSA from 18.2 +/- 7.1 to 18.6 +/- 6.8 mm2, P = .0245), with no change in calcium. The decrease in P+M CSA was 39% of the CSA of the laser catheter used. Dissections were present in 39% of lesions, 84% within superficial calcium; fibrocalcific deposits developed a "fragmented" appearance.ELCA increased lumen CSA by both atheroablation and vessel expansion without calcium ablation. Superficial fibrocalcific deposits developed a characteristic fragmented appearance. These findings support both photoablation and forced vessel expansion as mechanisms of lumen enlargement and plaque dissection after ELCA.
CLINICAL FEATURES OF EPIDEMIC (ST. LOUIS) ENCEPHALITIS
Authors: R. A. KINSELLA
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The epidemic of acute encephalitis that made its appearance in the St. Louis area in the late summer of 1933 marked the first appearance in the United States of this disease in epidemic proportions. It is known that isolated cases appeared in many other localities, and a small group of cases appeared in Paris, Ill., in the preceding year. Epidemics of encephalitis had been occurring in Japan for nearly ten years, and descriptions of the Japanese cases seemed to fit the clinical picture of the St. Louis disease. But it is now thought that the Japanese disease was due to a virus immunologically different from the virus recovered in the St. Louis cases. This consideration will convey an impression of the surprise and uncertainty which clinicians felt when confronted with this clinical picture in the days before the disease became widespread and recognition became easy. The symptoms of encephalitis were,
Thermodilution measurement of left and right ventricular outputs
Authors: E. D. Silove, T. Cantez, B. G. Wells
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

A thermodilution method was used to measure the left and right ventricular outputs in dogs. Dye dilution cardiac outputs were compared with the thermodilution outputs. A significant correlation was found. The potential value in the measurement of pulmonary and systemic flows in infants and children is discussed.
Decreased Plasma Levels of Active Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 in Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Eiichi Akiyama, Seigo Sugiyama, Junichi Matsubara, Hirofumi Kurokawa, Masaaki Konishi, Toshimitsu Nozaki, Keisuke Ohba, Kouichirou Fujisue, Hirofumi Maeda, Kenji Sakamoto, Koichi Sugamura, Hitoshi Sumida, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Kentaro Sakamaki, Satoshi Morita, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Umemura, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
European court's ban on stem cell patents will harm research, say scientists
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Research methods that involve the removal of stem cells from a human embryo that is destroyed cannot be patented under European law, the European Court of Justice has ruled.

In a judgment with profound implications for the development of stem cell therapies, the court held that a process involving the removal of a stem cell from a human embryo at the blastocyst stage, entailing the destruction of that embryo, cannot be patented.

Scientists said that the ruling may fetter the development in Europe of stem cell treatments for a range of diseases from Parkinson’s to blindness, because drug companies would not want to make the large investment needed if they could …
Treatment With Thyroid Hormone
Authors: Bernadette Biondi, Leonard Wartofsky
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2014)

Thyroid hormone deficiency can have important repercussions. Treatment with thyroid hormone in replacement doses is essential in patients with hypothyroidism. In this review, we critically discuss the thyroid hormone formulations that are available and approaches to correct replacement therapy with thyroid hormone in primary and central hypothyroidism in different periods of life such as pregnancy, birth, infancy, childhood, and adolescence as well as in adult patients, the elderly, and in patients with comorbidities. Despite the frequent and long term use of l-T4, several studies have documented frequent under- and overtreatment during replacement therapy in hypothyroid patients. We assess the factors determining l-T4 requirements (sex, age, gender, menstrual status, body weight, and lean body mass), the major causes of failure to achieve optimal serum TSH levels in undertreated patients (poor patient compliance, timing of l-T4 administration, interferences with absorption, gastrointestinal diseases, and drugs), and the adverse consequences of unintentional TSH suppression in overtreated patients. Opinions differ regarding the treatment of mild thyroid hormone deficiency, and we examine the recent evidence favoring treatment of this condition. New data suggesting that combined therapy with T3 and T4 could be indicated in some patients with hypothyroidism are assessed, and the indications for TSH suppression with l-T4 in patients with euthyroid multinodular goiter and in those with differentiated thyroid cancer are reviewed. Lastly, we address the potential use of thyroid hormones or their analogs in obese patients and in severe cardiac diseases, dyslipidemia, and nonthyroidal illnesses.
Change in cytoplasme free Ca2+ concentration in rabbit platelets contacting with albumin coated and uncoated polystyrene surfaces
Authors: Nobuhiko Yui, Kazunori Kataoka, Yasuhisa Sakurai, Yoshiyuki Fujishima, Takashi Aoki, Atsushi Maruyama, Kohei Sanui, Naoya Ogata
Journal: Biomaterials (1989)
Complexity and Complementarity of Outer Membrane Protein A Recognition by Cellular and Humoral Innate Immunity Receptors
Authors: Pascale Jeannin, Barbara Bottazzi, Marina Sironi, Andrea Doni, Marco Rusnati, Marco Presta, Virginia Maina, Giovanni Magistrelli, Jean François Haeuw, Guillaume Hoeffel, Nathalie Thieblemont, Nathalie Corvaia, Cecilia Garlanda, Yves Delneste, Alberto Mantovani
Journal: Immunity (2005)
STUDIES ON HUMAN PLASMA α2-MACROGLOBULIN-ENZYME INTERACTIONS
Authors: Peter C. Harpel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Human plasma alpha(2)-macroglobulin is an inhibitor of circulating proteases that function in hemostatic and inflammatory reactions but the biochemical nature of its interaction with these enzymes is not well defined. This investigation has found that alpha(2)-macroglobulin is comprised of subunit chains of 185,000 molecular weight as analyzed by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. Trypsin, thrombin, plasmin, and plasma kallikrein in amounts completely bound to alpha(2)-macroglobulin attacked one region in the subunit chain producing a single derivative with a molecular weight of 85,000 indicating that hydrolysis occurred at or near the center of the parent chain. The proteolytic derivative was also identified in an alpha(2)-macroglobulin preparation from plasma incubated with the plasminogen activator, urokinase. alpha(2)-macroglobulin functionally capable of binding enzyme appeared to be required both for limiting tryptic hydrolysis and for confining the concentration dependent increase in the derivative chain to the 1st min of incubation since acid-denatured alpha(2)-macroglobulin that failed to bind trypsin was extensively degraded. Three derivative chains resulted from the interaction of alpha(2)-macroglobulin with chymotrypsin demonstrating the presence of at least two chymotrypsin susceptible regions in the precursor chain. Reduction of the alpha(2)-macroglobulin-enzyme mixture was required for the identification of the derivative subunit chains establishing that these cleavage products were covalently linked to the parent molecule by disulfide bridges. Thus, alpha(2)-inacroglobulin acts as a substrate for circulating proteases, a finding which may also pertain to the mechanism of action of other plasma enzyme inhibitors.
The Anemia of Prematurity
Authors: James A. Stockman, Joseph F. Garcia, Frank A. Oski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We performed sequential studies in 45 premature infants (birth weights less than 1500 g) from 7 to 120 days of age to determine factors governing the erythropoietin response to a declining hemoglobin concentration. The hemoglobin level and the plasma erythropoietin showed a significant inverse correlation (r = 0.50, P less than 0.001), as did, even more strikingly, the plasma erythropoietin response and the infants' oxygen-unloading capacity (r = 0.55, P less than 0.001). In infants with "right-shifted" oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves (hemoglobin F less than 30 per cent) hemoglobin levels fell 2 to 3 g per deciliter lower than those in infants with "left-shifted" curves (hemoglobin F greater than 60 per cent) before comparable erythropoietin responses occurred. It appears that premature infants respond appropriately to alterations in oxygen unloading capacity and that the position of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and not the hemoglobin concentration alone has a major role in modulated erythropoiesis.
OTOLOGY IN ITS RELATION TO RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY.
Authors: CLARENCE JOHN BLAKE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The history of otology is that of the cumulatively accretive study of an organ of special sense having for its purpose the appreciation of two distinct modes of motion and, additionally, tactile functions in relation to the sensorium and reflexly in relation to other organs, which constitute it one of the most important watch towers of the human citadel. Early in the investigations into the structure of the human body, the organ of hearing was a favorite resource of the anatomist. To it he turned as to a labyrinth of suggestions and the delicacy of adjustment of the mechanism of its sound transmitting apparatus was an interesting microcosm of the larger joints and more gross muscular adjustments of the trunk and limbs which he had already explored. Judged by their printed records the human ear was a veritable attraction to the older anatomists and the accuracy with which its intricacies
Platelet life-span and sites of platelet sequestration in onyalai
Authors: A. Lurie, J. Katz, S. K. Ludwin, H. C. Seftel, J. Metz
Journal: BMJ (1969)

With radioactive chromium, platelet kinetic studies were carried out in four patients with onyalai, a form of thrombocytopenic purpura occurring in the African Negro. Results were compared with those of White patients suffering from idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. In the onyalai patients platelet life-span was considerably reduced, and this was associated with a definite rise in radioactivity over the spleen in three of the four cases. In two patients remission was associated with steroid therapy, while in the other two remission followed splenectomy after steroids had failed to raise the platelet count. These findings are similar to those in White patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Diagnostic pitfalls in food allergy in children
Authors: B. Niggemann, K. Beyer
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Currently, the diagnostic work‐up of suspected food allergy includes skin prick tests, the measurement of food specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), and the atopy patch test, and double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges. However, all of these methods, even double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges (DBPCFC), may sometimes be misleading. This overview describes several pitfalls for standard diagnostic methods such as problems with irritative skin reactions mimicking IgE‐mediated symptoms, the problem of non‐IgE‐mediated reactions, pitfalls arising from the way foods are prepared or processed, effects of the route of exposure, the role of augmentation factors lowering the threshold value for clinical reactions, the noncomparability of specific IgE decision points, the influence of the timing of diagnostic measures. In addition, the problem of alternative diagnostic measures is discussed. In conclusion, there are several pitfalls in the diagnostic work‐up of food allergy, which may be misleading for the physician. Properly performed controlled oral food challenges still represent the gold standard for implementing specific diets in food allergic individuals in order to avoid both unjustified diets, which may lead to severe impairments in growth and development, and to avoid unnecessary symptoms if an underlying food allergy is not correctly identified as a cause for the symptoms of the patient.
Reply to: "Paraoxonase-1 and clopidogrel efficacy"
Authors: Heleen J Bouman, Edgar Schömig, Jochem W van Werkum, Janna Velder, Christian M Hackeng, Christoph Hirschhäuser, Christopher Waldmann, Hans-Günther Schmalz, Jurriën M ten Berg, Dirk Taubert
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Vector Flow Mapping in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy to Assess the Relationship of Early Systolic Left Ventricular Flow and the Mitral Valve
Authors: Richard Ro, Dan Halpern, David J Sahn, Peter Homel, Milla Arabadjian, Charles Lopresto, Mark V Sherrid
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Who needs health care?
Authors: Rajesh Chauhan, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Parul Kushwah
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Modified Mediterranean diet and survival Evidence for diet linked longevity is substantialEditor-The EPIC-elderly cohort study was designed to investigate the association between a modified Mediterranean diet and longer life expectancy among an elderly subpopulation (older than 60) that is part of the larger EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. 1 2 Focusing the attention on a sample with a more restricted age range seems to reinforce previous findings on diet linked longevity, but important risk factors were not taken into account in collecting the data.Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure are well known determinants of cardiovascular disease.The study's outcomes are expressed in term of mortality, and cardiovascular disease remains the most important of all causes of death.The benefits of a healthy eating pattern with respect to these variables have been shown. 3he same might not be sustained if the total EPIC cohort were considered (aged 20-85). 2 Have the authors considered any possible statistical gain from including these risk factors in the analysis when considering the younger subgroup?We believe that the conclusions for participants older than 60 are stronger if the risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women after the menopause is considered.In a world in which people eat mainly processed foods that are rich in saturated fats, the analysis is a warning to adopt a healthier dietary pattern and, broadly, lifestyle changes.
Diverticula of the Oesophagus
Authors: J. Morley
Journal: BMJ (1926)

B 981 part of the service.Whether the services of the senior or 0lespital staff should be wholeor part-time would require to be considered.Personally, I think they should be permitted to undertake consultative obstetric practice. (b) The Outdoor or Domestic Part of the Service.-Now, on the basis of the outdoor department of the Glasgow Maternity Hospital and the figures of births in Glasgow in 1922, Mr. Jones, secretary to the Public Health Department, has very kindly supplied me with an approximate estimate of the number of obstetric specialists Glasgow would require for a maternity or obstetric service such as I suggest.
Treatment and Prevention of Athletic Injuries
Authors: Kenneth D. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The preface of this third edition states that this text is intended for students of health and physical education, preparing for careers as school athletic coaches and for those men engaged in coaching in high school and college. The authors immediately fall into the self-imposed trap of attempting to explain relatively complex physiological and psychological facts in language apparently designed to be easily understood by the student of physical education and athletics who has had no basic course in these disciplines. The result is a mixture of truth, half-truth, and false concept couched in trite phrases that to this reviewer appear as insults to the intelligence of the members of this laudable profession. There is no insult greater than being "talked down to." In so doing, the authors perpetuate fallacy, eg, "Influences on an unborn child resulting from the mother's state of physical and mental health during pregnancy can also
Pruritus ani: is anal sphincter dysfunction important in aetiology?
Authors: Anthony A. Eyers, James P S Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Forty-three patients whose principal symptom was pruritus ani were studied. Twenty-eight had anal disease, while in 15 no such disease could be shown. Maximum resting pressures and transient and sustained pressures of the anal canal in response to rectal distension were measured by manometry. Although the maximum resting pressure in the patients with no disease was about the same as that in the group with disease, the pressures recorded in response to rectal distension were significantly lower. These results show that the anal sphincter relaxes in response to rectal distension more readily in patients with no anal disease. Hence soiling may occur, which may be a factor in the genesis of pruritus ani.
Serum ferritin in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Y. Matzner, A. M. Konijn, C. Hershko
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Serum ferritin was measured in a variety of hematologic malignancies at presentation, in remission following therapy, and in relapse. Ferritin was strikingly increased in all acute leukemias at presentation and in relapse, in the blastic crisis of CML, and in smouldering leukemia. Remission in both ALL and ANLL was associated with a reduction of serum ferritin, and this normalization was a function of remission duration. In the malignant lymphomas serum ferritin was related to tumor histology. Highest levels were found in Hodgkin disease and histiocytic lymphoma, normal levels in lymphocytic lymphoma, and intermediate levels in mixed histiocytic-lymphocytic lymphoma. In all cases, remission was associated with normalization of serum ferritin. These correlations suggest that serum ferritin measurements may be of clinical usefulness in the initial evaluation and in the assessment of response to therapy in patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma.
Hemolytic Anemia of Pregnancy with Reports of Cases
Authors: T. P. MURDOCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 September 1927Hemolytic Anemia of Pregnancy with Reports of CasesT. P. MURDOCK, M.D., F.A.C.P.T. P. MURDOCK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-3-133 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHemolytic anemia of pregnancy is a specific form of anemia, occurring usually during the latter months of pregnancy, or during the puerperium.Despite the fact that these women frequently show a definite blood picture, and the clinical manifestations of primary anemia, it would seem that this disease is a specific type of anemia of pregnancy, because if the patient survives the acute attack, the blood picture usually returns to normal, and apparently remains so. This latter fact definitely removes the disease from the heading of primary anemia.The literature on the subject is not voluminous, and much work remains to...Bibliography(1) ADLER A: Ztschr. F. Geburtsh, and Gyna., 1924, lxxxii, 372. Google Scholar(2) ROWLAND VC: Amer. Medical Journal, 1924, lxxxviii, 375. Google Scholar(3) LARRABEE RC: Amer. Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1025, clxx, 371. Google Scholar(4) HOSKINS TJ: Lancet, 1927, ccxii, 433. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(5) MINOTMURPHY GRWP American Medical Journal, 1926, lxxxviii, 470. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: T. P. MURDOCK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Meriden, Conn. Meriden Hospital PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ICTERUS*WILLIS M. FOWLER, M.D.Observations on secondary anemia during pregnancyAnaemias of Pregnancy.Pernicious Anaemia and Pregnancy.THE PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF ANÆMIA.Clinical Consideration of an Anemia of Pregnancy and the Puerperium*C. T. SMITH, M.D., F.A.C.P., W. B. KINLAW, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 September 1927Volume 1, Issue 3Page: 133-136KeywordsAnemiaBloodHemolytic anemiaPregnancy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Efficacy of a cell phone-based exercise programme for COPD
Authors: W-T. Liu, C-H. Wang, H-C. Lin, S-M. Lin, K-Y. Lee, Y-L. Lo, S-H. Hung, Y-M. Chang, K.F. Chung, H-P. Kuo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

The application of a supervised endurance exercise training programme in a home setting offering convenience and prolonged effects is a challenge. In total, 48 patients were initially assessed by the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), spirometry and the Short Form-12 (SF-12) quality-of-life questionnaire, and then every 4 weeks for 3 months thereafter and again after 1 yr. During the first 3 months, 24 patients in the cell phone group were asked to perform daily endurance walking at 80% of their maximal capacity by following the tempo of music from a program installed on a cell phone. The level of endurance walking at home was readjusted monthly according to the result of ISWT. In the control group, 24 patients received the same protocol and were verbally asked to take daily walking exercise at home. Patients in the cell phone group significantly improved their ISWT distance and duration of endurance walking after 8 weeks. The improvements in ISWT distance, inspiratory capacity and SF-12 scoring at 12 weeks persisted until the end of the study, with less acute exacerbations and hospitalisations. In the present pilot study, the cell phone-based system provides an efficient, home endurance exercise training programme with good compliance and clinical outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Dark-Field Examination In Early Primary Syphilis
Authors: W. Christopher Duncan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We did not intend to detract from the importance of the dark-field examination in the diagnosis of primary syphilis. Seronegative primary syphilis is well known. The point we wish to make is that by the time a patient comes for treatment, the vast majority (91%) will have seropositive results with the FTA-ABS test. Two of the six patients had dark-field-positive, FTA-ABS-negative results two and four months later, respectively, and remained seronegative to both the VDRL and FTA-ABS tests. Two of the patients in our study stated that their lesions had been present only three days: in one, the VDRL test was nonreactive; in the other, the VDRL test was reactive with a titer of 1:2; in both, the FTA-ABS test was reactive. How early is "very early"?