tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Oral 5, Expanding choice for prenatal testing in couples at reproductive risk of Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: H. Fassihi, P.J. Renwick, C. Black, J.E. Mellerio, P. Braude, J.A. McGrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Oral 5, Expanding choice for prenatal testing in couples at reproductive risk of Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa Get access H. Fassihi, H. Fassihi Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J. Renwick, P.J. Renwick Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Black, C. Black Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. Mellerio, J.E. Mellerio Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Braude, P. Braude Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A. McGrath J.A. McGrath Genetic Skin Disease Group, St John's Institute of Dermatology, The Guy's, King's College and St Thomas’ School of Medicine; and *Centre for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Guy's and St Thomas’ NHS Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Page 1404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07876_5.x Published: 01 June 2007
Methadone for Narcotics Addicts
Authors: J. T. Nix
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  Since March 1968, I have been operating a research clinic on methadone hydrochloride substitution for control of narcotic addiction. The patients studied are unique in that the treatment is totally on an outpatient basis at a private clinic rather than at a governmental institution or bureau. We have followed the daily dosage, with witnessed ingestion of the methadone, as recommended by Dole and Nyswander, and have a Research 6 Narcotics License. This program is funded solely by $7 to $10 weekly payments for treatment, medication, and control urinalysis for heroin. Naturally our program has operated at a financial loss.  Our results, to date, on ambulatory patients handled in private practice, without governmental funding, are in complete accord with the successful results of research of the pioneering team of Dole and Nyswander. Any credit for our program goes to the persons whose work we followed and to the
Reduced inflammation and improved airway expression using Helper-Dependent adenoviral vectors with a k18 promoter
Authors: Gabriele Toietta, David R Koehler, Milton J Finegold, Brendan Lee, Jim Hu, Arthur L Beaudet
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Efforts have been made to deliver transgenes to the airway epithelia of laboratory animals and humans to develop gene therapy for cystic fibrosis. These investigations have been disappointing due to combinations of transient and low-level gene expression, acute toxicity, and inflammation. We have developed new helper-dependent adenoviral vectors to deliver an epithelial cell-specific keratin 18 expression cassette driving the beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) or human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) reporter genes. Following intranasal administration to mice, we found that the reporter genes were widely expressed in airway epithelial and submucosal cells, and secreted human AFP was also detectable in serum. In contrast to a first-generation adenoviral vector, inflammation was negligible at doses providing efficient transduction, and expression lasted longer than typically reported-up to 28 days with beta-gal and up to 15 weeks with human AFP. These results suggest that delivery to the airway of helper-dependent adenoviral vectors utilizing a tissue-specific promoter could be a significant advance in the development of gene therapy for cystic fibrosis.
Dutch court finds gynaecologist guilty of "culpable homicide" after baby dies
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A Dutch court has found a gynaecologist guilty of “culpable homicide” in a rare criminal prosecution in which an “accumulation of mistakes” led to the death of a newborn baby.

The public prosecution service stated that the 48 year old doctor, named as Maarten B, was not a criminal, as there was no intent. But his actions, more than a single medical error, amounted to gross negligence.

The court in Alkmaar heard how in May 2009 the mother, Mrs Ramgoelam-Soekhoe, was admitted to the Westfries Hospital in Hoorn for the delivery. She was considered a high risk patient. A previous birth had ended with an urgent …
Interleukin-18 (IFNgamma-inducing factor) induces IL-8 and IL-1beta via TNFalpha production from non-CD14+ human blood mononuclear cells.
Authors: A J Puren, G Fantuzzi, Y Gu, M S Su, C A Dinarello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

IL-18 is synthesized as a precursor molecule without a signal peptide but requires the IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE, caspase-1) for cleavage into a mature peptide. Human precursor IL-18 was expressed, purified, and cleaved by ICE into a 18-kD mature form. Mature IL-18 induced IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the absence of any co-stimuli. Blocking IL-1 with IL-1 receptor antagonist resulted in a 50% reduction in IL-8. Neutralization of TNF with TNF binding protein resulted in a 66% reduction in IL-1beta, an 80% reduction of IL-8, and an 88% reduction in mean TNFalpha mRNA. In purified CD14+ cells but not CD3+/CD4+, IL-18 induced gene expression and synthesis of IL-8 and IL-1beta. TNFalpha production was induced in the non-CD14+ population and there was no induction of TNFbeta by IL-18. In purified natural killer cells, IL-18 induced IL-8 that was also inhibited by TNF binding protein. IL-18 did not induce antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-1Ra, or IL-10, although IL-18 induction of TNFalpha was inhibited by IL-10. In the presence of IFNgamma, IL-18-induced TNFalpha was enhanced and there was an increase in the mature form of IL-1beta. We conclude that IL-18 possesses proinflammatory properties by direct stimulation of gene expression and synthesis of TNFalpha from CD3+/CD4+ and natural killer cells with subsequent production of IL-1beta and IL-8 from the CD14+ population.
Diagnosis of Meralgia Paresthetica-Reply
Authors: DOREEN Gateless
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  Our experience using contact thermography as a diagnostic tool for MP includes 11 patients; six of these cases have been reported. 1 In our series, we have found one isothermic lesion in a patient with bilateral MP, eight hyperthermic cases, including one bilateral, and two hypothermic lesions.  Thus far, in agreement with Dr Ecker's contention, we have not been able to identify a relationship between the duration or severity of symptoms and the magnitude of the thermographic changes. Through our experience with entrapment neuropathies, particularly the carpal tunnel syndrome, we are moving away from such traditional thermographic terms as isothermic, hyperthermic, and hypothermic. We have seen on multiple occasions that the thermographic image of the same lesion has been either hot or cold at different times during the same examination in response to stress maneuvers.  It is generally assumed that all MPs involve the same underlying pathophysiology. Yet,
Managers and doctors join forces to build trust
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Health service managers have joined forces with doctors in an initiative to improve understanding between the two professions.

Relations between the two reached an all time low last month with the rejection of the proposed consultants’ contract. Consultants were reluctant to accept a deal that they saw as giving managers greater regulatory powers and eroding clinical autonomy.

The announcement came as leaders from the BMA were due to meet health secretary Alan Milburn last week to try to move forward from the “no” vote given by its members in England and Wales. …
Effectiveness and Efficiency of Root Cause Analysis in Medicine
Authors: Albert W. Wu, Angela K. M. Lipshutz, Peter J. Pronovost
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Peripheral Nerve Blocks: A Color Atlas
Authors: Alexandre Faust
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Antibiotics for cough and purulent sputum.
Authors: S Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1978)

1I NOVEMBER 1978 bicarbonate 14 7 mmol(mEq)/l, urea 53-0 mmol/l (319 mg/100 ml), glucose 13 0 mmol/l (234 mg/ 100 ml), urate 2 02 mmol/l (33 9 mg/100 ml).The patient became febrile, with consolidation at the left base on chest x-ray, and he was treated with antibiotics.On 11 October the haemoglobin had fallen again, to 7 9 g/dl, as a result of severe gastrointestinal bleeding; the white cell count was 0 9 x 109/1, platelets less than 5 x 109/1, sodium 139 mmol(mEq)/l, potassium 3 9 mmol(mEq)/l, bicarbonate 18-0 mmol(mEq)/l, urea 71 4 mmol/l (430 mg/l00 ml).Despite continued insulin in-
The initial effects on workload and outcome of a public education campaign on early diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma in Leicestershire
Authors: R.A.C. GRAHAM-BROWN, JOY E. OSBORNE, SUSAN P. LONDON, A. FLETCHER, D. SHAW, BETTE WILLIAMS, VEENA BOWRY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

We report our experience of the initial effects of a publicity campaign directed at early presentation of malignant melanoma in Leicestershire. The campaign resulted in a dramatic increase in workload and, at the pigmented lesion clinic, the numbers of new patients rose from 12.3 to 54.5 per clinic. There was a large rise in the number of new melanomas presenting in Leicestershire: from 1.02 per week before the campaign to 1.88 per week in the immediate post-publicity period. This was statistically significant (P less than 0.001). Although there was also an apparently encouraging rise in the percentage of thinner 'good prognosis' tumours, it was not possible to isolate this statistically from a pre-existing trend.
Advance Directives and Surrogate Decision Making in Health Care: United States, Germany, and Japan
Authors: Michael D. Fetters
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 July 1999Advance Directives and Surrogate Decision Making in Health Care: United States, Germany, and JapanMichael D. Fetters, MD, MPH, MAMichael D. Fetters, MD, MPH, MAUniversity of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan. (Fetters)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-2-199907200-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Sass HM, Veatch RM, Kimura H; eds. 311 pages. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ Pr; 1998. $48.00. ISBN 0801858313. Order phone 800-537-5487.Field of medicine: Medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Clinicians, legal experts, and philosophers in medical ethics and transcultural inquiry.Purpose: To foster transcultural debate about the role and validity of advance directives and surrogate decision making and to clarify similarities and differences among the systems of the three countries.Content: This interdisciplinary text examines advance directives and surrogate decision making in the United States, Germany, and Japan. The book contains three major sections dedicated to each country. Each ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan. (Fetters) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAdvance Consent in Japanese During Prenatal Care for Epidural Anesthesia During Childbirth 20 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 2Page: 160KeywordsBioethicsComputer softwareCross-cultural studiesDecision makingDisclosureEuthanasiaHealth careMedical ethicsSuicide ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 July 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Management of sickle cell disease
Authors: M. d. Montalembert
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent environmental toxicants associated with increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Intermediary metabolism is influenced by the intestinal microbiome. To test the hypothesis that PBDEs reduce host-beneficial intermediary metabolites in an intestinal microbiome–dependent manner, 9-week old male conventional (CV) and germ-free (GF) C57BL/6 mice were orally gavaged once daily with vehicle, BDE-47, or BDE-99 (100 <i>μ</i>mol/kg) for 4 days. Intestinal microbiome (16S rDNA sequencing), liver transcriptome (RNA-Seq), and intermediary metabolites in serum, liver, as well as small and large intestinal contents (SIC and LIC; LC-MS) were examined. Changes in intermediary metabolite abundances in serum, liver, and SIC, were observed under basal conditions (CV vs. GF mice) and by PBDE exposure. PBDEs altered the largest number of metabolites in the LIC; most were regulated by PBDEs in GF conditions. Importantly, intestinal microbiome was necessary for PBDE-mediated decreases in branched-chain and aromatic amino acid metabolites, including 3-indolepropionic acid, a tryptophan metabolite recently shown to be protective against inflammation and diabetes. Gene-metabolite networks revealed a positive association between the hepatic glycan synthesis gene <i>α</i>-1,6-mannosyltransferase (Alg12) mRNA and mannose, which are important for protein glycosylation. Glycome changes have been observed in patients with metabolic syndrome. In LIC of CV mice, 23 bacterial taxa were regulated by PBDEs. Correlations of certain taxa with distinct serum metabolites further highlight a modulatory role of the microbiome in mediating PBDE effects. In summary, PBDEs impact intermediary metabolism in an intestinal microbiome–dependent manner, suggesting that dysbiosis may contribute to PBDE-mediated toxicities that include metabolic syndrome.
Inheritance of abnormal erythrocyte cation transport in essential hypertension.
Authors: P Meyer, R P Garay, C Nazaret, G Dagher, M Bellet, M Broyer, J Feingold
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Net fluxes of sodium and potassium ions were determined in sodium-loaded, potassium-depleted erythrocytes from 370 white subjects, 194 of whom had essential hypertension or had been born to parents with essential hypertension. Findings were compared with those in 86 controls who were normotensive and did not have a family history of hypertension. Compared with controls all patients with essential hypertension had a low sodium to potassium ratio secondary to a deficit in the sodium-potassium cotransport system. A similar abnormality was found in subjects born to parents with essential hypertension, the prevalences of a deficient cotransport system in such subjects being 53.6% (52 out of 97) among those with one hypertensive parent and 73.7% (14 out of 19) among those with two hypertensive parents. Both sexes were equally affected. Studies in 14 families over two or three generations showed the erythrocyte cation abnormality in one or more members of each consecutive generation. No close association was evident between the deficient erythrocyte sodium-potassium cotransport system and either blood groups ABO, Rh, Kidd, Duffy, P, and MNS or the major histocompatibility HLA antigens. Out of 90 consecutive unrelated and normotensive white blood donors, 36 showed a low erythrocyte sodium-potassium net flux ratio. It is concluded that in white people abnormal erythrocyte cation transport is a biochemical disorder characteristic of essential hypertension and transmitted by a dominant and autosomal mode expressing a single abnormal gene.
Abstract P5-09-20: Development of a novel selective estrogen receptor down-regulator which shows efficacy in pre-clinical models of endocrine resistance
Authors: H Weir, A Nardone, M Lawson, R Rowlinson, M Hulse, S Powell, R Callis, G Walker, J Curwen, Z Wilson, R Bradbury, Al Rabow, C de Savi, E Pazolli, N Reavey, C D'Cruz, R Schiff
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract With over 70% of breast cancers expressing the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa), treatment with either anti-hormonal therapies that directly block ER function (e.g.Tamoxifen) or therapies that block the production of estrogen itself (e.g. aromatase inhibitors) are key to management of the disease. Despite initial efficacy seen with endocrine therapies, development of either de novo or acquired resistance ultimately limits the use of these agents although the majority of tumours continue to depend on ERα for growth. The ability to down regulate ER is particularly important in the endocrine resistance setting where ER appears to be activated in a ligand independent fashion by other growth factor signaling pathways. Agents such as Fulvestrant have been shown to offer additional benefit in the advanced setting due to its unique mechanism of binding and degradation of the ER receptor by the ubiquitin-proteosome complex. Given its low level of bioavailability and metabolic profile, Fulvestrant has been formulated as an intramuscular injection with 2 × 250mg monthly doses currently being tested clinically. We have sought to identify a novel, non-steroidal ERα antagonist and down-regulator that can be administered orally and could yield improved bioavailability and clinical benefit through enhanced biomarker modulation. We have identified a novel compound that can induce ERα degradation in breast cancer cell lines at picomolar concentrations with a similar half-life to Fulvestrant and is clearly differentiated from Tamoxifen which appears to stabilise ER protein. Due to good oral pharmacokinetic properties of the compound we have seen significant tumour efficacy in both tamoxifen-sensitive and -resistant models of breast cancer in vivo. In an MCF-7 model we have shown &amp;gt;90% reduction in PR levels in a pharmacodynamic study and complete tumour growth inhibition (TGI) at 5mg/kg dose. Fulvestrant in the same model setting was unable to achieve &amp;gt;60% PR inhibition at dose levels 3.8 fold greater than those achieved clinically with 500mg. We have also seen tumour regressions in a pre-clinical long term estrogen deprived (LTED) model, which mimic the aromatase resistance setting, and efficacy correlates with a significant decrease in ERα levels (&amp;gt;60%). This orally bioavailable compound is progressing towards clinical evaluation and shows promise as a new SERD agent for the treatment of ER+ breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-09-20.
Governance for NHS foundation trusts
Authors: R. Klein
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Now that England's health secretary, Alan Milburn, has published his Guide to NHS Foundation Trusts ,1 it is apparent that the proposed model is more radical in its implications but also more problematic in its implementation than had been anticipated. It is radical in that it is based on a new notion of social ownership modelled on cooperative societies and mutual organisations: the rhetoric of devolving power in the NHS is, in effect, to be institutionalised by transferring control to the “local communities” served by foundation trusts. Moreover, the first generation of foundation trusts is seen as preparing the way for their status becoming the norm in the NHS in time. If so, then the relation between centre and periphery in the NHS could change dramatically. It is problematic, however, in that the proposed system of governance for foundation trusts could make those working in them look back nostalgically to the days when their chief concern was about the heavy hand of central government.

Some of the initial fears about foundation trusts were clearly misplaced. They do not represent a backdoor form of privatisation. They will not be given a free hand to expend their facilities for treating fee paying patients: the percentage of income derived from this source is …
A phase 1 trial dose-escalation study of tipifarnib on a week-on, week-off schedule in relapsed, refractory or high-risk myeloid leukemia
Authors: M H Kirschbaum, T Synold, A S Stein, J Tuscano, J M Zain, L Popplewell, C Karanes, M R O'Donnell, B Pulone, A Rincon, J Wright, P Frankel, S J Forman, E M Newman
Journal: Leukemia (2011)