tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Hepatitis in an Adult With Rubeola
Authors: Robert K. McLellan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

MEASLES (rubeola) is a contagious, acute, febrile illness that predominately affects children, although it may occur in any age group. Data in the United States indicate a recent shift to a greater proportion of rubeola cases in older age groups, undoubtedly a result of past and current immunization efforts.<sup>1</sup>Typically, the symptoms and signs include cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, abdominal pain, fever, lymphadenopathy, Koplik's spots, and a diffuse, erythematous maculopapular rash. Serious complications most often occur in compromised hosts, especially malnourished children. Reported complications associated with measles include upper and lower respiratory tract infection, otitis media, encephalitis (including subacute sclerosing panencephalitis), ileocolitis, myocarditis, thrombocytopenic purpura, and complications due to bacterial superinfections. The atypical measles syndrome was first recognized in the 1960s and is seen primarily in young adults exposed to the wild measles virus many years after immunization with the killed measles vaccine. The atypical measle syndrome is distinguished by
Abstract 2393: The BARD1 BRCT domains are essential for maintenance of telomere integrity
Authors: Irmgard Irminger-Finger, Maxim Pilyugin, Magdalena Ratajska
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract BARD1 has tumor suppressor functions by binding to BRCA1 and to p53 via RING finger and ankyrin repeats, respectively. The BARD1-BRCA1 dimer has E3 ligase activity, and BARD1-p53 interaction induces apoptosis. The C-terminus of BARD1 is binding to many proteins that are targets of the BRCA1-BARD1 ubiquitin ligase, and expression of N-terminally truncated RING-less BARD1 isoforms was correlated with poor prognosis in various cancers, consistent with their oncogenic functions by antagonistic binding to target proteins. Expression and interaction assays showed that the BARD1 BRCT domains were critically involved in telomere maintenance and interacted with the telomere binding protein TRF2. Overexpression of BARD1 or BRCA1 lead to TRF2 degradation, suggesting that TRF2 presents a novel target of the BARD1-BRCA1 E3 ubiquitination ligase. Repression of BARD1 or BRCA1 by siRNA leads to genetic instability, as shown before, and telomere alterations. We observed distinct telomeric alterations in blood cells of patients with a BARD1 germline mutation that causes a translation stop and translation of a truncated protein lacking the BRCT domains. Cells of carriers of a BRCA1 mutation that disrupts the BARD1-BRCA1 interaction show similar telomere alterations. These in vitro and in vivo observations suggest that BARD1 and BRCA1 play distinct roles in maintaining telomere integrity in a dosage dependent manner. BARD1δ, an isoform lacking RING and ankyrin motifs, but retaining the BRCT domains, is abundantly expressed in all cancers investigated so far. Overexpression of BARD1δ in vitro blocked cell cycle progression and induced chromosomal and telomere abnormalities, suggesting that BARD1δ also affected telomere integrity. We conclude that the correct dose of BARD1 and/ or its BRCT domains is critically important for maintaining telomere integrity. Expression of BARD1δ in cancer, or reduced expression of BARD1 in mutation carriers causes chromosomal instability and promotes carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Citation Format: Irmgard Irminger-Finger, Maxim Pilyugin, Magdalena Ratajska. The BARD1 BRCT domains are essential for maintenance of telomere integrity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2393
Abstract 1604: ABT-869 enhances radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells.
Authors: Heng-Wei Hsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Novel targeted therapeutic strategies to overcome radio-resistance of cancer cells traditionally treated with radiation may improve patient survival with the added benefit of reduced systemic toxicity. Herein, we tested the feasibility of ABT-869 (Linifanib), a multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of members of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor families, on radio-sensitization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Materials and Methods: UMSCC-22A and UMSCC-22B cells were treated with ABT-869 and γ-radiation response was determined. Cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis induction and cell cycle distribution were examined by MTT assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. In addition, expression of STAT3 and downstream signaling proteins were assessed using western immunoblotting. Results: Treatment with ABT-869 resulted in cell growth inhibition, induction of apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, reduced phosphorylation of STAT3, which has been linked to radio-resistance, lower expression of cyclin D1, survivin and increase PARP cleavage. In addition, ABT-869 overcame the radio-resistance of the cell lines and significantly enhanced radiation-induced cytotoxicity (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions: These data suggest the possibility of combining targeted therapeutic such as ABT-869 with radiation to enhance inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Thus, it may provide a novel therapeutic strategy and improve efficacy of radiation against HNSCC in the future. Citation Format: Heng-Wei Hsu. ABT-869 enhances radiosensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1604. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1604
Experts Work to Prevent College Suicides
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (2006)

in hopes of improving preparedness for future disasters. Project Director RonaldKessler,PhD,professorofhealthcare policy at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, and colleagues plan to interview about 3000 people, a representative sample of the 6.5 million adults affectedbyKatrina, every6monthsover the next 2 years. The researchers identified these individuals via random digit dialing of more than 100 000 residences nationwide, using lists from relief agencies, hotels, shelters, and other sources. Participants in the Hurricane Katrina Community Advisory Group include residentsof theNewOrleansmetropolitan area and hurricane-affected areas of Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Researchers conducted baseline interviews between January and March 2006, asking the same questions used in the Third National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a face-toface household survey conducted between 2001 and 2003, also directed by Kessler. Availability of NCS-R data collected from 800 people in the same areas in 2003 allows comparisons of the same population before and after the hurricane, Kessler said. Results from the first wave of interviews are scheduled to be released in August in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization (http: //www.who.int/bulletin/en/). Researchers digitally recorded individuals’ hurricane stories and will gather updates on how their lives progress as the study continues. More than 1000 oral histories are available at http:// www.hurricanekatrina.med.harvard .edu.
P236 RIP3-DEPENDENT NECROPTOSIS CONTROLS NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS VIA JNK
Authors: J. Gautheron, M. Vucur, F. Reisinger, C. Roderburg, C. Trautwein, F. Tacke, M. Heikenwalder, T. Luedde
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
A new invertebrate member of the p53 gene family is developmentally expressed and responds to polychlorinated biphenyls.
Authors: Kathryn Jessen-Eller, Jill A Kreiling, Gail S Begley, Marjorie E Steele, Charles W Walker, Raymond E Stephens, Carol L Reinisch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The cell-cycle checkpoint protein p53 both directs terminal differentiation and protects embryos from DNA damage. To study invertebrate p53 during early development, we identified three differentially expressed p53 family members (p53, p97, p120) in the surf clam, Spisula solidissima. In these mollusks, p53 and p97 occur in both embryonic and adult tissue, whereas p120 is exclusively embryonic. We sequenced, cloned, and characterized p120 cDNA. The predicted protein, p120, resembles p53 across all evolutionarily conserved regions and contains a C-terminal extension with a sterile alpha motif (SAM) as in p63 and p73. These vertebrate forms of p53 are required for normal inflammatory, epithelial, and neuronal development. Unlike clam p53 and p97, p120 mRNA and protein levels are temporally expressed in embryos, with mRNA levels decreasing with increasing p120 protein (R(2) = 0.97). Highest surf clam p120 mRNA levels coincide with the onset of neuronal growth. In earlier work we have shown that neuronal development is altered by exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a neurotoxic environmental contaminant. In this study we show that PCBs differentially affect expression of the three surf clam p53 family members. p120 mRNA and protein are reduced the most and earliest in development, p97 protein shows a smaller and later reduction, and p53 protein levels do not change. For the first time we report that unlike p53 and p97, p120 is specifically embryonic and expressed in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, p120 responds to PCBs by 48 hr when PCB-induced suppression of the serotonergic nervous system occurs.
Chloramphenicol toxicity in neonates: its incidence and prevention.
Authors: A Mulhall, J de Louvois, R Hurley
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The incidence of dose related chloramphenicol toxicity was determined in 64 neonates from 12 hospitals. Ten of the 64 exhibited symptoms attributed clinically to chloramphenicol toxicity. Nine received the dose prescribed and one an overdose. Symptoms of the grey baby syndrome were observed in five of the 10 babies; four babies suffered reversible haematological reactions; and one baby was described as very grey. Peak serum chloramphenicol concentrations in these 10 babies ranged from 28 to 180 mg/l and trough concentrations from 19 to 47 mg/l. Serum chloramphenicol concentrations above the therapeutic range (15-25 mg/l) were observed in a further 27 neonates (two had received a 10-fold overdose), none of whom showed signs of toxicity. Serious toxicity was associated with either prescription of dosages greater than that recommended or overdosage of chloramphenicol. High concentrations in young neonates may be avoided by prescribing and giving the recommended dose and then careful monitoring; concentrations should be maintained between 15 and 25 mg/l. No babies with concentrations within this range showed clinical signs of toxicity.
Deficiency of filamin A in endothelial cells impairs left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction
Authors: Sashidar Bandaru, Julia Grönros, Björn Redfors, Çağlar Çil, David Pazooki, Reza Salimi, Erik Larsson, Alex-Xianghua Zhou, Elmir Ömerovic, Levent M. Akyürek
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

AimsActin-binding protein filamin A (FLNA) regulates signal transduction important for cell locomotion, but the role of FLNA after myocardial infarction (MI) has not been explored. The main purpose of this study was to determine the impact of endothelial deletion of FLNA on post-MI remodelling of the left ventricle (LV).
Global core recommendations for a musculoskeletal undergraduate curriculum
Authors: A D Woolf
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

To develop core recommendations for the learning outcomes of an undergraduate curriculum in musculoskeletal conditions for any parts of the globe.Recommendations were developed by wide consultation with experts in orthopaedics, rheumatology, osteoporosis, and rehabilitation from all parts of the world who had interest and experience in these specialties, with the support of international and national societies. All possible knowledge, skills, and attitudes that might be of relevance to musculoskeletal conditions were initially considered and then reduced to those considered essential for all doctors.The recommendations focus on (a) basic skills to assess and diagnose musculoskeletal problems; (b) the competency to assess specific common or urgent musculoskeletal problems; (c) the theoretical background of the conditions and their management; and (d) the core knowledge necessary to support diagnosis and management, including basic sciences. At the end of the course, all students should be able to differentiate normal from abnormal locomotor symptoms in a patient, determine the relevant investigations and interpret the results, formulate a limited differential diagnosis, recognise the impact of the problem on the individual patient, and make an appropriate management plan.The recommendations set global standards for the minimum level of competence in managing patients with musculoskeletal problems. They define what all doctors should know when graduating from medical school, regardless of further specialisation. They are intended to form the basis of a curriculum for a musculoskeletal course and can be adapted for any medical school in any country throughout the world.
PSEUDO-ARGYLL ROBERTSON PUPILS WITH ABSENT TENDON REFLEXES: A BENIGN DISORDER SIMULATING TABES DORSALIS
Authors: W. J. Adie
Journal: BMJ (1931)

Mrs. "Ford," aged 65 in 1926, an old lady wlhose father, daughter, and grandson also bad haemolytic icterus, illus- trates the frequent association of cholecystitis and cholangitis with this condition, and, wvhen from age or severity of symnptoms, both gall-bladder and spleen cannot be operated uponl at the same time, the importance of deciding which operation should have priority.This patient had in her youth nmild jaundice, varyiing in degree and probably of haemolytic origin, for her spleen was known to be enlarged.As time wore on, the jaundice picture altered and suggested cholecystitis.At the age of 51, in 1912, the gall-bladder was drained and calculi wvere removed.Thereby the pain dis- appeared, but jaundice persisted.The unwisdom of not removing the large spleen shortly thereafter is obvious.A few years later, when aged about 65, haemolytic anaemia in the shape of breathlessness and palpitation made itself manifest, and the blood picture showed 3,384,000 red cell count, the fragilitv was 0.6 for commencing haemolysis, the van den Bergh test showed a negative direct and a positive indirect reactioin, and there was no bilirubin in the urine.A year later the jaundice increased, the van den 'Bergh direct reaction became positive, and bile pigment appeared in the
Management of Trial Labor
Authors: Thomas F. Foley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

OBSTETRIC patients usually fall into three broad clinical groups. First, a fairly large number have normal pelvic measurements and satisfactory labor and deliver without difficulty. Secondly, a very small number have pelvic measurements that make normal delivery impossible, with cephalopelvic disproportion evident both clinically and by x-ray examination — it is readily apparent that elective cesarean section is indicated for these patients. Thirdly, a large number have what might be termed "border-line" pelvic measurements that place them in the mind of the examiner as suspects for cephalopelvic disproportion. The prognosis for delivery through the pelvis in the third group may . . .
Musculoskeletal and myotoxic side-effects in a patient treated for psoriasis
Authors: S. Khan, L. El-Dars, P.J. Holt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, We read with interest the recent case report of myotoxicity occurring with ciclosporin in a patient with atopic dermatitis.1 We present a similar case where cicloporin seems to be implicated in causing a profound myopathy in a young adult but who, in this case, was being treated for psoriasis. A 33‐year‐old man was admitted in August 2004 for investigation of severe back pain and muscle weakness. He had suffered from severe psoriasis since 1992. He was obese with a body mass index of 43·89 kg m−2 and had a history of high alcohol intake (30 units per week), but despite stopping all alcohol his weakness continued to deteriorate. He had mild hypertension that was being treated with bendroflumethazide. The psoriasis had previously been treated with topical medication including calcipotriol, corticosteroids, and tar and dithranol preparations. However, at the beginning of 2002 his skin condition deteriorated and in November 2002 he was started on acitretin 20 mg daily. This was increased to 60 mg daily over a period of 12 months. The psoriasis was still poorly controlled and so ciclosporin 3 mg kg−1 daily was added in January 2004. After 5 months his blood pressure started to increase and so the dose of ciclosporin was halved to 1·5 mg kg−1 daily. He now began to complain of severe pain in his legs and back and was having difficulty getting out of bed or a chair and in raising his arms above his head.
A Phase II, Open-Label, Randomized Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) Versus Pemetrexed in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Who Have Failed One or Two Prior Chemotherapeutic Regimens
Authors: John D. Hainsworth, Cristina L. Cebotaru, Vladimir Kanarev, Tudor E. Ciuleanu, Danail Damyanov, Phillip Stella, Hristo Ganchev, Gillian Pover, Clive Morris, Valentina Tzekova
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Interferon α increases metalloproteinase-13 gene expression through a polyomavirus enhancer activator 3-dependent pathway in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Teresa Díaz-Sanjuán, Inmaculada García-Ruiz, Cristina Rodríguez-Juan, Teresa Muñoz-Yagüe, Pablo Solís-Muñoz, José A. Solís-Herruzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Serum Alpha<sub>1</sub>-Fetoglobulin with Gastric and Prostatic Carcinomas
Authors: David J. Mehlman, Bernadine H. Bulkley, Peter H. Wiernik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE presence of serum alpha1-fetoglobulin in adults is accepted as diagnostic of primary hepatoma or embryonal testicular tumor.1 Recently, we encountered a patient with gastric and prostatic carcinomas and serum alpha1-fetoglobulin.Case ReportA 77-year-old Negro had been hospitalized in 1968 for "ulcers." In December, 1970, suprapubic prostatectomy was performed to relieve benign prostatic enlargement. When he was rehospitalized in April, 1971, for recurrent abdominal pain and weight loss, a firm epigastric mass, prostatic enlargement and liver spanning 16 cm were found.The total serum bilirubin was 0.8 mg per 100 ml, and the alkaline phosphatase . . .
Randomized controlled trial of adenine arabinoside 5′-monophosphate in chronic active hepatitis B: Comparison of the efficacy in heterosexual and homosexual patients
Authors: Patrick Marcellin, Denis Ouzan, Françoise Degos, Christian Brechot, Etienne-Henri Metman, Claude Degott, Michelle Chevalier, Pierre Berthelot, Christian Trepo, Jean-Pierre Benhamou
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Twenty-two heterosexuals and 21 homosexuals with chronic active hepatitis B and who had HBsAg, HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA in serum were randomized separately to receive adenine arabinoside monophos-phate or placebo. In the 10 heterosexuals and nine homosexuals who received placebo, no change in hepatitis B virus DNA level and HBeAg was observed. Among the patients who received adenine arabinoside mono-phosphate, seven of the 12 heterosexuals and five of the 12 homosexuals lost hepatitis B virus DNA; five heterosexuals and three homosexuals also lost HBeAg; one homosexual lost HBsAg. There was no significant difference in response between heterosexual and homosexual patients. When results were pooled, there was a significant effect of adenine arabinoside monophosphate on hepatitis B virus replication. None of the 19 patients who received placebo but 50% of the 24 patients who received adenine arabinoside monophosphate were negative for serum hepatitis B virus DNA at 10 months after treatment (p &lt; 0.001) and none of the 19 patients who received placebo and 33% of the 24 patients who received adenine arabinoside monophosphate were negative for HBeAg in serum (p &lt; 0.005). Retrospective analysis showed that disappearance of hepatitis B virus DNA after administration of adenine arabinoside monophosphate was more common (i) in patients with a low pretreatment hepatitis B virus DNA level than in patients with a high pretreatment hepatitis B virus DNA level (8/11 vs. 4/13, p &lt; 0.05); (ii) in patients with a high pretreatment ALT level than in patients with a low pretreatment ALT level (10/14 vs. 2/10, p &lt; 0.05). Thus, homosexuals with chronic hepatitis B respond just as frequently as heterosexuals to adenine arabinoside monophosphate treatment, and the degree of hepatitis B virus replication, as reflected by serum HBV DNA level, and the degree of activity, as reflected by serum ALT level, are significant factors for predicting response to treatment.
[480] LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN SERUM HBV-DNA LEVELS DURING THE NATURAL COURSE OF HBeAg-NEGATIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) INFECTION
Authors: G.V. Papatheodoridis, V. Sevastianos, H. Panopoulou, N. Chrysanthos, E. Hadziyannis, E. Cholongitas, A. Laras, E.K. Manesis, S.J. Hadziyannis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)