tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment Escalation in the Intensive Care Unit Among Patients With Preexisting Treatment Limitations
Authors: Amber E. Barnato, Elizabeth Dzeng
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Belgium extends euthanasia law to children
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Belgium has become the first country in the world to abolish all age restrictions on the right to die after the parliament approved legislation on 13 February to extend euthanasia to terminally ill children.

The amendment to the existing law on euthanasia, approved 12 years ago, was passed by 86 votes to 44 with 12 abstentions after an emotional two day debate. The …
Seat-belt Bill before Parliament
Authors: N. Davidson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The lichen Stereocaulon vulcani, which grows abundantly on recent lava flows on the Island of Hawaii, greatly accelerates the chemical weathering of its substrate. The importance of the lichen (or its associated microflora, or both) in chemical weathering is indicated by the following evidence: (1) The weathering crust of lichen-covered rock is thicker by some orders of magnitude than the weathering crust of bare rock; (2) the lichen-covered weathering crust is considerably enriched in Fe and impoverished in Si, Ti, and Ca with respect to the lichen-free weathering crust, whose chemical composition is much closer to that of the unaltered rock; (3) the lichen-covered weathering crust; and (4) the iron oxide in the lichen-covered weathering crust is mineralogically different from the iron oxide in the lichen-free weathering crust. Biological acceleration of chemical weathering can be explained by the action of respiratory CO <sub>2</sub> and the H+ ions of organic acids, but the data also suggest the action of organic complexing agents. It is shown, however, that the biogenic "primary laterite" could not have been formed by differential accumulation of rock-forming elements by the lichen. Thus, a considerable proportion of the Si and Al solubilized by the organisms must be leached into the subsurface by rain water.
Timing and risk factors for enzymatic myocardial infarctions in patients undergoing percutaneous intervention: Insights from TARGET
Authors: H. Mehrdad Sadeghi, Cindy L. Grines, David J. Moliterno, Jennifer White, Howard Herrmann, Eric R. Powers, David J. Cohen, Michel E. Bertrand, Franz-Josef Neumann, Peter M. DiBattiste, Gregg W. Stone, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Cross Talk of Combined Gene and Cell Therapy in Ischemic Heart Disease: Role of Exosomal MicroRNA Transfer”
Authors: Sang-Ging Ong, Won Hee Lee, Mei Huang, Devaveena Dey, Kazuki Kodo, Veronica Sanchez-Freire, Joseph D. Gold, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Monocyte markers and the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen on chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Frances S. Ligler, Mark L Schlam, Robert Curley, Isadore Brodsky, John E. Benzel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

The mononuclear cells from 42 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were analyzed for surface markers using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytofluorimetry. All 42 CLLs were Ig+HLA.DR+OKT3-OKT4-OKT6-OKT8- and monoclonal with respect to light chain type. Thirty of the 42 tumors expressed the common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen, and cells from 18 leukemias stained with the antibodies OKM1 and 63D3, which are specific for different antigens characteristic of myeloid cells. Eight of the leukemias failed to stain with PI153, which has been reported to recognize all B-cell CLLs.
A1C to Detect Diabetes in Healthy Adults
Authors: Osamu Takahashi, Andrew J. Farmer, Takuro Shimbo, Tsuguya Fukui, Paul P. Glasziou
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the optimal interval for rechecking A1C levels below the diagnostic threshold of 6.5% for healthy adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study. Participants were 16,313 apparently healthy Japanese adults not taking glucose-lowering medications at baseline. Annual A1C measures from 2005 to 2008 at the Center for Preventive Medicine, a community teaching hospital in Japan, estimated cumulative incidence of diabetes. RESULTS Mean age (±SD) of participants was 49.7 ± 12.3 years, and 53% were male. Mean A1C at baseline was 5.4 ± 0.5%. At 3 years, for those with A1C at baseline of &amp;lt;5.0%, 5.0–5.4%, 5.5–5.9%, and 6.0–6.4%, cumulative incidence (95% CI) was 0.05% (0.001–0.3), 0.05% (0.01–0.11), 1.2% (0.9–1.6), and 20% (18–23), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In those with an A1C &amp;lt;6.0%, rescreening at intervals shorter than 3 years identifies few individuals (∼≤1%) with an A1C ≥6.5%.
Overcoming barriers to recruitment in health research: Some research ethics committees believe in facilitating ethical research
Authors: Michael S Pegg
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—In their article on overcoming barriers to recruitment in health research Hewison and Haines imply that all research ethics committees require that only patients who “opt in” after receiving a communication from a researcher can be included in a trial.1 This is not true.

The Royal Free Hospital's research ethics committee is well aware of …
Maintaining Binocular Vision
Authors: S. J. H. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1968)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Tissue decellularization has demonstrated widespread applications across numerous organ systems for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Decellularized tissues are expected to retain structural and/or compositional features of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), enabling investigation of biochemical factors and cell-ECM interactions that drive tissue homeostasis, healing, and disease. However, the dense collagenous tendon matrix has limited the efficacy of traditional decellularization strategies without the aid of harsh chemical detergents and/or physical agitation that disrupt tissue integrity and denature proteins involved in regulating cell behavior. Here, we adapted and established the advantages of a detergent-free decellularization method that relies on Latrunculin B actin destabilization, alternating hypertonic-hypotonic salt and water incubations, nuclease-assisted elimination of cellular material, and protease inhibitor supplementation under aseptic conditions. Compared with previous tendon decellularization studies, our method minimized collagen denaturation while adequately removing cells and preserving bulk tissue alignment and mechanical properties. Furthermore, we demonstrated that decellularized tendon ECM-derived coatings isolated from different mouse strains, injury states (i.e., naïve and acutely injured/’provisional’), and anatomical sites harness distinct biochemical cues and robustly maintain tendon cell viability <i>in vitro</i>. Together, our work provides a simple and scalable decellularization method to facilitate mechanistic studies that will expand our fundamental understanding of tendon ECM and cell biology. <h3>Impact Statement</h3> In this study, we present a decellularization method for tendon that does not rely on any detergents or physical processing techniques. We assessed the impact of detergent-free decellularization using tissue, cellular, and molecular level analyses and validated the preservation of tendon structural organization, collagen molecular integrity, and ECM-associated biological cues that are essential for studying physiological cell-ECM interactions. Lastly, we demonstrated the success of this method on healthy and injured tendon environments, across mouse strains, and for different types of tendons, illustrating the utility of this approach for isolating the contributions of biochemical cues within unique tendon ECM microenvironments.
Early Structural Valve Deterioration of Mitroflow Aortic Bioprosthesis
Authors: Thomas Sénage, Thierry Le Tourneau, Yohann Foucher, Sabine Pattier, Caroline Cueff, Magali Michel, Jean-Michel Serfaty, Antoine Mugniot, Christian Périgaud, Hubert François Carton, Ousama Al Habash, Olivier Baron, Jean Christian Roussel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Structural valve deterioration (SVD) is a major flaw of bioprostheses. Early SVD has been suspected in the last models of Mitroflow bioprosthesis. We sought to assess the incidence, mode, and impact of SVD on outcome in a large series of Mitroflow aortic valve replacement.Six hundred seventeen consecutive patients (aged 76.1±6.3 years) underwent aortic valve replacement with a Mitroflow prosthesis (models 12A/LX) between 2002 and 2007. By echocardiography, 39 patients developed early SVD (1.66% per patient-year), with stenosis as the main mode (n=36). Mean delay to SVD was only 3.8±1.4 years, and 5-year SVD-free survival was 91.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.7-94.7) for the whole cohort and 79.8% (95% CI, 71.2-89.4) and 94.0% (95% CI, 90.3-97.8) for 19- and 21-mm sizes, respectively. Among the 39 patients with SVD, 13 patients (33%) had an accelerated SVD once the mean gradient exceeded 30 mm Hg. Valve-related death was 46.2% in this SVD subgroup. Five-year overall survival was 69.6% (95% CI, 65.7-73.9). In multivariable analysis, SVD was the strongest correlate of overall mortality (hazard ratio=7.7; 95% CI, 4.4-13.6).Early SVD is frequent in Mitroflow bioprosthesis (models 12A/LX), especially for small sizes (19 and 21 mm), and reduces overall survival. An unpredictable accelerated pattern of SVD constitutes a life-threatening condition. In view of the large number of Mitroflow valves implanted worldwide, one can expect an epidemic of SVD and valve-related deaths, which represents a major public health issue, especially in the elderly. Hence, a close follow-up with yearly echocardiography after Mitroflow implantation is advisable. An urgent reoperation should be discussed in patients with severe SVD even though they are still asymptomatic.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in multiple organ failures
Authors: Barbara Rinaldi, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Maria Donniacuo, Annalisa Capuano, Donatella Di Palma, Francesco Imperatore, Emanuela Mazzon, Rosanna Di Paola, Loredana Sodano, Francesco Rossi
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)
IV. HEMOGLOBIN INJECTIONS AND CONSERVATION OF PIGMENT BY KIDNEY, LIVER AND SPLEEN
Authors: William V. Newman, George H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

When the minimal renal threshold for blood hemoglobin is exceeded there is observed a deposit of iron staining pigment in the epithelium of the renal convoluted tubules. At a certain point this epithelium cannot take up more hemoglobin and this coincides with the minimal renal threshold level. When the injections of blood hemoglobin are kept below the minimal renal threshold level we note a complete absence of iron staining pigment in the renal tubular epithelium. Given a deposit of iron staining pigment in the tubular epithelium, it will slowly disappear during rest periods with no hemoglobin injections. Anemia due to bleeding will accelerate this removal of pigment from the renal epithelium and this indicates a conservation of material by the kidney for use in construction of new hemoglobin. Pigment giving a positive stain for iron will be found in the liver and spleen when hemoglobin injections are given, regardless of the renal threshold. Removal of this pigment is accelerated by anemia due to bleeding and as a rule an anemia period of 2 months at a level of 1/3 normal (40 to 50 per cent hemoglobin) will render the spleen, liver and kidney free from iron staining pigment. Pigment giving a positive iron stain is frequently observed in the mesenteric and lower retroperitoneal lymph glands. This is merely a drainage of pigment and phagocytes including pigment from some organ in which the pigment deposit was primary. In stock dogs in this laboratory the hemoglobin level is quite high when the animals are in a perfectly normal state. The blood hemoglobin averages 120 to 150 per cent hemoglobin. In such dogs iron staining pigment in the spleen is a common finding and on occasion is observed in the liver. To establish an accurate base line for the study of iron and iron staining pigment storage due to diet intake one must submit these dogs to a preliminary anemia period of at least 2 months. Muscle hemoglobin has a very low renal threshold and escapes freely into the urine when given intravenously. Contrasting with blood hemoglobin this musde hemoglobin under identical conditions does not cause the deposit of iron staining pigment within the epithelium of the renal tubules. A pigment giving no iron staining reaction may be found in the epithelium of the convoluted tubules of the kidney. Whether this is due to dietary or other factors is uncertain but this indicates pigment conservation by the kidney. Finally we would emphasize again the fact that the kidney is of considerable importance in the conservation of hemoglobin and hemoglobin split products which presumably are utilized to build up new hemoglobin.
American Assassins: The Darker Side of Politics
Authors: Matthew Brody
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This scholarly treatise, written by a professor of political science at the University of Arizona and appearing so soon after the outrage expressed not only by the lay press but in psychiatric journals as well over the acquittal of John Hinckley, Jr, on the basis of insanity, will undoubtedly find a well-deserved public acceptance. The "battle of the experts" led to almost universal loss of faith in the psychiatric profession. The fact is, however, that, when there was a unanimity of opinion by alienists for the defense and alienists for the Queen in the trial of Daniel M'Naghten in 1843 to the effect that this assassin was psychotic and, hence, not responsible, the public rage was even greater. Professor Clarke has gone to original sources and has studied the lives and the social and political stresses of 16 assassins and would-be assassins of ten presidents and four other prominent persons.
A New Type Sphygmomanometer Valve
Authors: Arthur J. Moss
Journal: JAMA (1976)

AN IMPORTANT prerequisite for early detection of arterial hypertension is reliable measurement of the resting blood pressure. General precautions necessary for proper registration of blood pressure relate to the patient, the examiner, and the instrument.<sup>1</sup>One caveat is the importance of a relatively uniform rate of cuff deflation. The optimal rate of deflation has not been determined but seems to be somewhere between 2 and 5 mm Hg/sec.<sup>1-3</sup> Personal experience as well as observation of others indicates that most conventional sphygmomanometer valves are "sticky," and the desired rate and uniformity of deflation are practically impossible to attain. The purpose of this report is to describe a new sphygmomanometer valve that permits a predetermined rate of cuff deflation. <h3>The Valve</h3> The valve is shown in Fig 1. Operation is simple, depending on depression and release rather than rotation, as in the conventional valve. Depression of the push button opens
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor Expression Is Associated with Poor Outcome in Breast Cancer by Large Cohort Tissue Microarray Analysis
Authors: Harriet M. Kluger, Marisa Dolled-Filhart, Sofya Rodov, Barry M. Kacinski, Robert L. Camp, David L. Rimm
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, which is abnormally expressed in invasive breast cancer. Small cohort studies have demonstrated that increased expression of CSF-1R is associated with ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence. Correlation with survival has not been reported. Our aim was to further evaluate the role of CSF-1R in breast cancer, by studying the expression of CSF-1R in a large cohort of clinical specimens. Experimental Design: Tissue microarrays containing 301 node-negative and 280 node-positive cases were used. Immunohistochemical staining was performed and correlated with overall survival, nodal status, and other clinicopathological data. Results: CSF-1R expression was strongly associated with nodal status. Of the node-negative cases, 114 (38.9%) stained positive for CSF-1R, whereas 189 (67.5%) of the node-positive cases expressed CSF-1R (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). CSF-1R expression is also associated with larger tumor size (P = 0.02). Positive staining was strongly associated with decreased survival (P = 0.0003). Among node-negative patients, CSF-1R expression was associated with decreased overall survival (P = 0.045), whereas among node-positive patients, it was not (P = 0.47). In multivariate analysis, CSF-1R was not independent of nodal status as a predictor of survival. Conclusions: CSF-1R expression is a strong predictor of poor outcome in nonmetastatic breast cancer. It is significantly more frequently expressed in patients with nodal involvement. Among the node-negative patients, it has a stronger association with survival than among the node-positive patients. Our findings support other preclinical findings that CSF-1R may be involved in local invasion and metastasis. Thus, this receptor may be an effective target for therapeutic agents.
Ergonovine maleate testing during cardiac catheterization: A 10-year perspective in 3,447 patients without significant coronary artery disease or Prinzmetal's variant angina
Authors: Michael B. Harding, Mark E. Leithe, Daniel B. Mark, Charlotte L. Nelson, J.Kevin Harrison, James B. Hermiller, Charles J. Davidson, David B. Pryor, Thomas M. Bashore
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Driving and Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Michael I. Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The conclusions by Dr Fitten and colleagues1that cognitive impairment is a better predictor of driving skills in Alzheimer and vascular dementia populations rather than age or medical diagnosis is informative.  Despite the fact that prediction of risk for future vehicular crashes remains an uncertain science, physicians are sued for allowing older patients to drive. They appear to expand the physician's legal duty of care to the public at large. For example:   A woman and her three children were struck by an automobile. They filed a lawsuit against the driver. During discovery they learned that the driver had adult-onset diabetes (noninsulin treatment), and they filed a third-party claim against the physician2asserting that the diabetes caused a temporary lapse of consciousness at the wheel with subsequent loss of control. The court affirmed that the physician had no duty to report a patient's diabetes to the state's
Novel paclitaxel nanoparticles: Development, in vitro anti-tumor activity in BT-549 cells and i n vivo evaluation
Authors: Gopal V. Shavi, A. Ranjith Kumar, A. Karthik, M. Naseer, G. Aravind, B.D. Praful, M. Sreenivasa Reddy, N. Udupa
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Revisiting the Canadian Health Care System
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The provincial health insurance plans of Canada, still prized by a population that relies on universal coverage of hospital care and physicians' services, nevertheless suffered a dramatic loss of public confidence in the 1990s as a result of sharp cutbacks in the federal budget. These cutbacks have led to restricted access to specialists, longer waiting times for nonemergency surgery, and the closing or merger of many hospitals, resulting in a loss of beds. The reductions, a central feature of the federal government's successful effort in recent years to eliminate the large annual budget deficit, are now being partially reversed, but . . .
604 SIMVASTATIN AMELIORATES HEPATOPULMONARY SYNDROME IN CIRRHOTIC RATS
Authors: V. Fuhrmann, B. Jäger, B. Payer, T. Reiberger, T. Horvatits, P. Schwabl, T. Hummel, M. Mitterhauser, M. Peck-Radosavljevic, B. Angermayr
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Potentiation by Glucagon of the Hypoprothrombinemic Action of Warfarin
Authors: JAN KOCH-WESER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Hospitalized patients treated with warfarin were monitored to identify additional drugs that modify its hypoprothrombinemic action. Twenty-four patients on warfarin therapy received glucagon in daily doses from 2 to 96 mg for treatment of myocardial contractile failure. Eight of nine patients who were given glucagon for 2 or more days in a total dose exceeding 50 mg showed marked enhancement of the hypoprothrombinemic effect of warfarin. In these patients the ratio of prolongation of the one-stage prothrombin time to total warfarin dose during the preceding 72 hr increased three- to twelvefold on glucagon therapy. All patients became excessively hypoprothrombinemic, and three bled while on both warfarin and glucagon. Glucagon does not significantly prolong the prothrombin time in patients not receiving oral anticoagulants. Glucagon may potentiate the hypoprothrombinemic action of warfarin by acting synergistically with the anticoagulant to depress hepatic synthesis of vitamin-K-sensitive clotting proteins or by increasing the affinity of warfarin for its receptor site.
Cytogenetics — In Color and Digitized
Authors: Thomas Ried
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Cytogenetics is the genetic analysis of cells, a discipline that has flourished since the chromosome-banding techniques introduced in 1969 by Torbjörn Caspersson and Lore Zech first provided a simple and inexpensive way to gauge the number and assess the structural integrity of chromosomes. Chromosome banding (see Figure 1A) is probably the most commonly performed genetic test: it is used about 500,000 times each year in North America (most laboratories use G-banding, named after the German chemist Gustav Giemsa). It is used prenatally and postnatally to screen for the presence of constitutional chromosomal aberrations associated with birth defects, as well as for . . .
Return to dialysis after renal transplantation. Which would be the best way?
Authors: Manuel Arias, Rafael Escallada, Angel L. Martín De Francisco, Emilio Rodrigo, Gema Fernández-Fresnedo, Ma Angeles Setién, Celestino Piñera, Juan Carlos Ruiz, Isabel Herráez, Julio Cotorruelo
Journal: Kidney International (2002)