tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vietnam Veterans Memorial-Reply
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5695: Nitric oxide-donating naproxen inhibits β-catenin-mediated TCF signaling in colorectal cancer cells more effectively than naproxen
Authors: EunRan Suh, Christina Ferrara, Esther Kaunga, Harry S. Cooper, Ronald A. Lubet, Wen-Chi L. Chang, Margie L. Clapper
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Results from recent clinical and epidemiological studies continue to suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are promising chemopreventive agents with activity against colorectal cancer. Nitric oxide (NO)-donating NSAIDs represent a novel class of agents that have been reported to have greater safety and higher efficacy in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells than the parent compounds. However, the mechanism of chemopreventive action of NO-NSAIDs is not well elucidated. Dysregulation of the WNT/ β-catenin pathway is one of the earliest events during tumorigenesis in the colon and thus an attractive molecular target for chemopreventive intervention. The major goal of the current study was to compare the effect of naproxen, an NSAID commonly used to reduce pain, fever and inflammation, and NO-naproxen on β-catenin-mediated TCF4 signaling in colon cancer cells. Human SW480 colon carcinoma cells that express mutant APC were transfected with either pGL3 basic plasmid or a luciferase reporter construct under the control of 3 copies of either wild-type (pGL3-OT) or mutated (pGL3-OF) TCF4 regulatory element using LipofectAmine 2000. Cells were treated with 0.01 - 0.4 mM naproxen or NO-naproxen or vehicle (water or DMSO, respectively) and harvested 48 hrs later. Cell lysates were prepared and luciferase activity was measured using the Promega Luciferase Assay kit. The results demonstrate that NO-naproxen reduces β-catenin-mediated TCF4 transcriptional activity in SW480 cells in a dose dependent manner. At a given dose, the luciferase activity of cells exposed to NO-naproxen was approximately 50% of that of cells treated with the parent compound. In conclusion, these data suggest that the chemopreventive activity of NO-naproxen is attributed in part to its ability to inhibit the transcriptional activation of TCF4; a response that is greater than that of the conventional drug naproxen. The availability of a multiple intestinal neoplasia mouse model that, unlike the conventional strain, develops multiple colorectal adenomas provides a unique opportunity to compare the efficacy of these agents against colorectal tumor growth in vivo. Supported by NIH N01 CN43309. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5695.
Peristeen(C) transanal irrigation in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: G. Preziosi, J. Storrie, P. Boulos, A. Emmanuel
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bowel dysfunction (BD) affects two thirds of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), with constipation and incontinence often co-existing. Management is largely empirical; however, Peristeen transanal irrigation (PTAI) has been successfully employed in patients with spinal cord injury and spina bifida. We evaluated the effectiveness of PTAI in MS and examined possible predictors of success. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty consecutive consenting patients (26 female, age 48.2 ± 10.8) with MS who failed maximal medical treatment and Biofeedback for BD were entered in the study. They all undertook a one-to-one training session on how to use the device. Primary outcome measures, the Wexner-Constipation and Wexner-Incontinence scores, were prospectively compared pre- and post-treatment. Standard ano-rectal physiology and measurement of rectal compliance with barostat were performed at baseline. Patients post-treatment were classified as Responders or non-Responders on the basis of reduction to below 10 in the relevant Wexner score, and baseline tests and scores were compared between groups to identify predictors of successful treatment. <h3>Results</h3> At 12 months follow-up Wexner-Constipation (12 ± 5.5 vs 4.8 ± 5.5, p = 0.001) and Wex-Incontinence (11.1 ± 6.3 vs 5.9 ± 9.1) improved. Sixteen patients (54%) were classified as Responders. Age, disease duration and disability status were not different to non-Responders. At baseline, Responders had higher Wexner-Incontinence scores compared to non-Responders (13.3 ± 5.7 vs 8.4 ± 6.1 p = 0.037, respectively). Wexner-Constipation scores were similar in both Responders and non-Responders. Physiology parameters were similar in the 2 groups, except that Responders had a higher Maximum tolerated volume to rectal balloon distension (Resp 272 ± 62 vs non-Resp 205 ± 96 mls, p = 0.0296) and Rectal Compliance (Resp 15.5 ± 3.3 vs non-Resp 10 ± 4.6 ml/mmHg p = 0.003). <h3>Conclusion</h3> PTAI helps over 50% of MS who have failed to respond to maximal medical treatment for bowel dysfunction. It appears that a more compliant and capacious rectum and higher baseline incontinence scores predict successful treatment.
Expression of ABO blood-group genes is dependent upon an erythroid cell–specific regulatory element that is deleted in persons with the Bm phenotype
Authors: Rie Sano, Tamiko Nakajima, Keiko Takahashi, Rieko Kubo, Yoshihiko Kominato, Junichi Tsukada, Haruo Takeshita, Toshihiro Yasuda, Kazuto Ito, Takayuki Maruhashi, Akihiko Yokohama, Kazumi Isa, Kenichi Ogasawara, Makoto Uchikawa
Journal: Blood (2012)
Myocardial tissue perfusion determined by particulate and diffusible tracers during ischaemia: what is measured?
Authors: D. S. Fluck, P. J.E. Etherington, D. O'Hare, C.P. Winlove, D. J. Sheridan
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Myocardial perfusion can be determined by many techniques which can be broadly divided into those employing particulate tracers and those employing diffusible tracers. The most commonly used particulate tracer is radioactive microspheres. However, as with other particulate tracers, they only determine convective transport from pre-capillary arterioles. If convective transport is the limiting factor in solute exchange, then particulate tracers will give comparable measurements to diffusible tracer techniques. However, if solute transport becomes diffusion-limited or alternative pathways of convective transport become more important, which may occur during regional ischaemia, perfusion visualised with clearance techniques using diffusible tracers may be greater than that determined with particulate tracers. This study set out to investigate this possibility in the rabbit myocardium under normal and ischaemic conditions.A pentobarbitone-anaesthetised rabbit model of regional ischaemia was used. Ischaemia of the apical region was induced by ligation of the large left ventricular branch of the circumflex artery. Tissue perfusion was determined by radioactive microspheres (n = 5) and the clearance of hydrogen, which was detected voltammetrically by platinum microelectrodes (n = 5). Measurements were made prior to and following coronary ligation and the ischaemic region was demarcated using the particulate tracer monastral blue. The exchange of diffusible solutes was visualised using digital fluorescence microscopy on histological sections of tissue following systemic administration of the fluorophore Evans blue labelled albumin (n = 4).Coronary ligation produced an ischaemic zone occupying 50 +/- 13% of the left ventricle. In ischaemic tissue, flow determined by microspheres fell to 3.9 +/- 4.1% of its pre-ligation value, but solute exchange fell only to 22 +/- 10% (adjusted for changes in the partition coefficient of H2 during ischaemia, P < 0.05). Perfusion measured by microspheres and hydrogen clearance was unchanged in the non-ischaemic area during coronary ligation. There was preferential uptake of Evans blue albumin towards the endocardial surface in the ischaemic region and areas of local uptake through the ventricular wall, which were possibly associated with vessels.This work demonstrates that under normal physiological conditions nutrient supply is determined by pre-capillary delivery. However, during ischaemia diffusive transport plays an increasingly important role. The alternative pathways for solute exchange are likely to have an important influence on the rate and extent of myocardial necrosis during coronary occlusion.
Fibrous Stroma Is Associated with Poorer Prognosis in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Yusuke Takahashi, Genichiro Ishii, Tetsuhiko Taira, Satoshi Fujii, Shinya Yanagi, Tomoyuki Hishida, Junji Yoshida, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Hiroaki Nomori, Kanji Nagai, Atsushi Ochiai
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Nuclear Factor- κ B Activation in Alveolar Macrophages Requires I κ B kinase- β , but Not Nuclear Factor- κ B Inducing Kinase
Authors: MATTHEW CONRON, EVANGELOS ANDREAKOS, PANAGIOTIS PANTELIDIS, CLIVE SMITH, HUW L. C. BEYNON, ROLAND M. DUBOIS, BRIAN M. J. FOXWELL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Cytokine mediated activation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) is an important event in the pathogenesis of fibrosing alveolitis (FA). Through membrane-associated antigens, cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis-factor– α and interleukin-1) are believed to activate a common kinase cascade that initiates the cytoplasmic degradation of I κ B and nuclear translocation of "nuclear factor- κ B" (NF- κ B). In the nucleus, NF- κ B promotes the transcription of genes encoding chemokines and cytokines involved in chronic inflammation. Preventing cytokine-mediated NF- κ B activation is a potential strategy for attenuating the lung injury that occurs in FA. Previously, we have demonstrated that, unlike AMs from healthy volunteers, AMs from patients with inflammatory lung diseases express the coxsackie/adenovirus receptor and the α v integrins required for adenovirus (Adv) infection. This property allows Adv-mediated transgene delivery to diseased, but not normal, AMs and analysis of molecular pathways involved in gene transcription. In this study, AMs were infected with Adv constructs expressing a defective β subunit of I κ B kinase (AdvIKK β kd) and a defective NF- κ B inducing kinase (AdvNIKkd) to investigate the contribution of these molecules to NF- κ B activation. We observed that IKK β , but not NIK, was required for NF- κ B activation. The results of this study identify IKK β , but not NIK, as a potential therapeutic target in diseases that involve NF- κ B–dependent gene transcription.
Abstract 1048: DNMT1: An emerging target in the treatment of invasive urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Deepika Dhawan, José A. Ramos-Vara, Noah M. Hahn, Rong Zheng, Jane C. Stewart, Deborah W. Knapp
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: More than 14,000 people die from invasive transitional cell carcinoma (InvTCC) of the urinary bladder each year in the US, and more effective therapies are needed. Naturally-occurring canine InvTCC very closely resembles the disease in humans and serves as a highly relevant translational model for novel therapy of human InvTCC. Work was undertaken to identify new entry points for anticancer therapy in dogs with the goal of translating successful therapeutic strategies into humans with InvTCC. Methods: Microarray expression analyses were conducted on canine normal bladder from dogs with no urinary tract disease (n=4) and InvTCC tissues (n=4) using Genome Array 1.0 and analyzed by GeneSpring GX 11, with the stringency of p &amp;lt; 0.02 and a ≥2-fold change. The genes thus identified were further analyzed for functional and pathway analysis using PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) Classification System. In selecting genes for further study, consideration was also given for evidence of a role of the gene in human InvTCC. From these analyses, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) was selected for further study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of canine normal bladder and InvTCC tissues was performed to confirm the microarray expression analyses. The effects of targeting DNMT1 in vitro was assessed through MTT assay and Western blot of canine InvTCC cells treated with 5-azacitidine (5-azaC) and trichostatin A (TSA). Results: DNMT1 was expressed in 0 of 6 normal canine bladder samples and in 10 of 22 (45%) canine InvTCC samples. The proliferation of canine InvTCC cells was inhibited by 5-azaC (at concentrations &amp;gt; 5µM) and by TSA (at concentrations &amp;gt; 0.1µM). Western blot results were supportive of DNMT1-related effects having a role in the antiproliferative activity. Discussion and Conclusions: Microarray expression analyses on canine tissues identified DNMT1 as a potentially “targetable” gene. Expression of DNMT1 in canine InvTCC was confirmed by IHC, and in vitro studies confirmed that drugs that inhibit DNMT1 have antiproliferative effects. These findings are similar to those recently reported by Wu et al. (Cancer, 2011) in human InvTCC. These findings are also in line with results of a pre-clinical (pre-human) trial of 5-azaC in dogs with naturally-occurring InvTCC, in which remission or cancer control occurred in 72% of dogs. In conclusion, DNMT1 has excellent potential as a target for InvTCC therapy in humans. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1048. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1048
The Value of Radionuclide Scintigraphy in Patients with Non-Visualized Gallbladders by Oral Cholecystography
Authors: ROBERT C. STADALNIK, C JOHN ROSENQUIST, WALTER L. TRUDEAU, HORACE H. HINES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

This study evaluated the clinical usefulness of Tc-99m-PyG cholescintigraphy in patients who had nonvisualization of the gallbladder after OCG. Nineteen patients with non-visualized gallbladder with OCG subsequently had Tc-99m-PyG cholescintigraphy performed. In nine patients the gallbladder visualized, whereas in ten it did not. Statistical analysis of this limited number of patients showed that Tc-99m-PyG cholescintigraphy was able to separate those patients with clinically significant gallbladder disease from those patients without significant gallbladder disease (p < 0.05).
Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation
Authors: Allen B. Weisse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters3 February 2004Eponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic RegurgitationAllen B. Weisse, MDAllen B. Weisse, MDFrom New Jersey Medical School, Springfield, NJ 07081.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-3-200402030-00024-w1 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Babu and colleagues are to be congratulated for their splendid review on eponyms and aortic regurgitation (1). It was especially gratifying to see mentioned some works that I feared might have been forgotten. Among them was the investigation of George Rowe, who, in looking into the cause of the Duroziez murmur, offered up his own femoral artery to angiography (2). My onetime “sidekick” from Seton Hall's medical school, Martin Frank, was also recalled for his work on the Hill sign (3).Eponyms can often serve as a helpful medical shorthand. They also provide an entry point into ...References1. Babu AN, Kymes SM, Carpenter Fryer SM. Eponyms and the diagnosis of aortic regurgitation: what says the evidence? Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:736-42. [PMID: 12729428] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Rowe GG, Afonso S, Castillo CA, McKenna DH. The mechanism of the production of Duroziez's murmur. N Engl J Med. 1965;272:1207-10. [PMID: 14284993] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Frank MJ, Casanegra P, Migliori AJ, Levinson GE. The clinical evaluation of aortic regurgitation, with special reference to a neglected sign: the popliteal-brachial pressure gradient. Arch Intern Med. 1965;116:357-65. [PMID: 14325909] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From New Jersey Medical School, Springfield, NJ 07081. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoEponyms and the Diagnosis of Aortic Regurgitation: What Says the Evidence? Ajit N. Babu , Steven M. Kymes , and Sharon M. Carpenter Fryer Metrics 3 February 2004Volume 140, Issue 3Page: W-5KeywordsAngiographyEchocardiographyFemoral arteriesHistory of medicineHypothyroidismReflexesTendonsVentricular septal defects ePublished: 3 February 2004 Issue Published: 3 February 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pre-Operative N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Predicts Outcome in Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Gottfried Sodeck, Hans Domanovits, Martin Schillinger, Karin Janata, Markus Thalmann, Marek P. Ehrlich, Georg Endler, Anton Laggner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Warm Bodies in White Coats
Authors: Robert C. Derbyshire
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Few generalizations can be made about graduates of medical schools outside of the United States and Canada, as these graduates vary tremendously in educational and cultural background. Of primary concern is the foreign medical graduate, with inferior education and limited knowledge of English, who does not quality for regular licensure in the United States but who, because of acute manpower shortages, is placed in a position of authority in a state hospital. This situation is possible because of existing state laws.
HYPOGLYCEMIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED INCIDENCE OF PERI-PROCEDURAL MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE IN NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY
Authors: Annunziata Nusca, Francesco Marino, Giuseppe Patti, Fabio Mangiacapra, Laura Gatto, Andrea D’Ambrosio, Rosetta Melfi, Marco Miglionico, Germano Di Sciascio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Pharmacologic conversion and suppression of experimental canine atrial flutter: differing effects of d-sotalol, quinidine, and lidocaine and significance of changes in refractoriness and conduction.
Authors: G K Feld, N Venkatesh, B N Singh
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The electrophysiologic determinants of conversion and the prevention of atrial flutter are poorly defined. This issue was therefore investigated by evaluating the effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug d-sotalol and the class I antiarrhythmic drugs quinidine and lidocaine. Atrial flutter was reproducibly induced in the open-chest anesthetized dog with intercaval crush and rapid atrial pacing. In this preparation, intravenous d-sotalol restored sinus rhythm in 14 of 15 (93%) dogs, whereas quinidine converted nine of 15 (60%) and lidocaine two of 10 (20%). d-Sotalol prevented reinduction in eight (53%), whereas quinidine was effective in four (27%) and lidocaine in none (0%). In the atria, d-sotalol induced significant increases in effective refractory period (+32%; p less than .01), functional refractory period (+30%; p less than .01), conduction time at an atrial paced cycle length of 150 msec (+9%; p less than .05), and atrial flutter cycle length (+8%; p less than .01). Quinidine increased effective refractory period (+40%; p less than .01), functional refractory period (+27%; p less than .01), conduction time at sinus cycle length (+13%; p less than .01), conduction time at an atrial paced cycle length of 150 msec (+18%; p less than .01), and atrial flutter cycle length (+31%; p less than .01). Lidocaine decreased functional refractory period (-6%; p less than .05) while lengthening the atrial flutter cycle length (+13%; p less than .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute and chronic hemodynamic effects of propranolol in unselected cirrhotic patients
Authors: Julio Vorobioff, Eduardo Picabea, Roberto Villavicencio, Viviana Puccini, Oscar Rossi, Juan Bordato, Marcelo Audano
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Different and contradictory results concerning the use of propranolol in the treatment of portal hypertension have been reported. This study was designed to investigate the hemodynamic effects of short- and long-term administration of propranolol in portal hypertensive patients. Portal pressure, cardiac index, heart rate and blood pressure were obtained in 18 unselected alcoholic cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices before and 60 min after the oral administration of 40 mg propranolol and again after 106 +/- 35 days of continuous oral administration (mean dose = 158 +/- 63 mg per day). Baseline portal pressure was 21.7 +/- 7.2 mm Hg. It decreased after 60 min to 17.2 +/- 5.5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and after long-term administration of propranolol to 16.1 +/- 5.7 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). No decrease in portal pressure was noted in 9 of 18 (50%) patients after acute administration and 5 of 17 (30%) patients after long-term administration. Baseline cardiac index was 5.1 +/- 1.2 liters X min-1 X m-2. It decreased after 60 min to 3.9 +/- 1.4 liters X min-1 X m-2 (p less than 0.01) and to 3.6 +/- 1.0 liters X min-1 X m-2 after long-term administration (p less than 0.001). Baseline heart rate was 85 +/- 11 beats per min. It decreased after 60 min to 75 +/- 9 (p less than 0.001) and after long-term administration to 62 +/- 6 (p less than 0.001) beats per min. Baseline mean arterial pressure was 108 +/- 11 Hg. It decreased after 60 min to 97 +/- 14 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and after long-term administration to 103 +/- 14 mm Hg (not statistically significant).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)