tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Promoting Patient Safety by Preventing Medical Error
Authors: Lucian L. Leape
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IL-12 stimuli during ex vivo expansion not only prevents the upregulation of PD1 on tumor infiltrating adoptively transferred T cells but also on endogenous TILs which results in effective tumor regression
Authors: C Marcela Diaz-Montero, Yu Yang, Patricia A Rayman, Alberto Montero, Charlie Tannenbaum, James Finke
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The blockade of negative immune regulators such as CTLA-4 and PD1 continues to show encouraging results in patients with solid malignancies. The efficacy of these therapies could be further enhanced in a combinatorial setting that includes adoptive cell therapy (ACT), and thus it
Epidemic Arsenical Poisoning Amongst Beer Drinkers
Authors: N. Raw, F. H. Barendt, W. B. Warrington
Journal: BMJ (1901)

ARSENICAL POISONING AMONG BEER DRINKERS.[JAN. 5, I9-I- in childho0d compels me 'to say that it is as certainly microbic in' nature as mea-sles 'r whooping-cough, in neithet df which then itr6boI1a9 t bteen demi9nstrated.B'it it io, 'longer a matter' of inf'erence merely that rheuim- atica feter; s a, fiicrQbc disease, for it has been proved, by Dr.' Po,ynton and Dr. PAine 'of 'St.Mary's Hosp'ital that a' diplo' coccus can be isolated from the tissues of a patient who has died from rhluXatXic fever, and also from 'blood obtahiied by venesectioti during life, which can be cultivated in pute bul- ture in a's,pecitl medium, and which, when injected intra- venougly igtb i'ts, can, produce in them a transitory ar- thritis bf severa joints, tenosynovitis, pericarditis, valvil itis, cardiac degeneration and dilatation, pleurisy and pneumonia, and yet nowhere any suppuration.By careful staining of their sections they have succeeded in demonstrating these organismas in the eubstance of the mitral valve, in the.tonsils and in many .otherorgans.They have found them also in that.most .typically.rheumatic lesion, the subcutaneous nodule.Thdir results will, of course, require confirmation by o,ther,obpetvers,, b.t it certainly looks as if the problem of' acute rheumatism has at.last been solved.
Long-Term Outcome and Late Recurrence in Patients with Completely Resected Stage IA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ryo Maeda, Junji Yoshida, Genichiro Ishii, Keiju Aokage, Tomoyuki Hishida, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Yutaka Nishiwaki, Kanji Nagai
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Terence Willifer Young
Authors: J. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultant surgeon Stamford and Peterborough Hospitals 1969-93 (b India 1931; q Cambridge/The London Hospital 1957; MA, FRCS), d 22 May 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Terry did house jobs at The London Hospital and then went into the Royal Army Medical Corps for three years. He volunteered for parachute training and on leaving the army continued this interest as medical officer to the 10th Territorial Battalion. On becoming a consultant he realised there was a need for specialisation among general surgeons and took up peripheral vascular surgery. He had a passion for mountaineering, climbing to a good standard into his 70s. He completed the London marathon six times and was training for the 2003 event when struck by an aggressive mesothelioma. He leaves a wife, Elizabeth; two daughters; and a granddaughter.
Fetal hemoglobin expression in compound heterozygotes for −117 (G→A) <sup>A</sup>γ HPFH and β<sup>0</sup>39 nonsense thalassemia
Authors: Paola Pistidda, Laura Frogheri, Lina Oggiano, Luciana Guiso, Laura Manca, Fausto Dore, Bruno Masala, John G. Gilman, Maurizio Longinotti
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract The‐117(G→A) A γ hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (Greek HPFH) and β 0 39‐thal mutations are rather frequent in Sardinia so that their interaction is to be expected. Characterization of eight compound heterozygotes for these defects indicated that HPFH was linked to haplotype VII and β 0 39‐thal to haplotype II. Haplotype II β 0 39‐thal chromosome carries the A γ T gene which is a useful marker of γ‐gene expression. Since the Hb F level in these compound heterozygotes was significantly higher than in 46 −117 HPFH carriers, the A γ t , and G γ globin level was determined. A γ T was underexpressed while G γ was significantly increased, which suggests that in −117 A γ HPFH/β 0 39‐thal healthy subjects the increase in Hb F production is determined only by the −117 mutated A γ gene and the adjacent G γ gene. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comorbidity increases benefit of anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: S. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor–The recent paper from M Langenberg and colleagues confirms the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation in a northern European population aged 60 years and over.1 In conjunction with the cohort study data this further establishes atrial fibrillation as a major contributor to the total burden of stroke in the population.2 If these figures are transferable to the United Kingdom, about 630 000 …
Training Patients for Effective Participation in Back-Home Groups
Authors: PHILIP G. HANSON, PAUL ROTHAUS, WALTER E. O'CONNELL, GEORGE WIGGINS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The Human Relations Training Laboratory, a problem-centered patient-group education program utilizing the feedback method, encourages self-expression, helps participants to recognize and develop their own assets and resources, enables them to contribute something of value, and engages them in creative decision making. Most participants selected for the program suffer from anxiety and depressive reactions, character disorders, and alcoholism; the problem involves moving the participant from external toward internal control. The authors summarize results of several evaluation studies.
Abstract P364: Clinical Determinants of Left Ventricular Structure Determined by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Renaldo D Williams, Solomon Musani, Ervin Fox, Pelbreton Balfour, Tandaw Samdarshi, Jeffery Carr, Ramachandran Vasan, Herman Taylor
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Cardiac MRI (CMRI) delivers high-resolution images with accurate and reproducible measurements of left ventricular (LV) structure (LV mass, systolic volume and diastolic volume) that ...
Personalised care in England remains patchy, shows annual review
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Job satisfaction has been associated with intentions to quit and aspects of quality of care. In 2001, GP job satisfaction in England had fallen to its lowest point for over a decade. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess GP job satisfaction and stressors immediately prior to implementation of the 2004 contract. <h3>Design of study</h3> National survey of a random sample of GPs. <h3>Setting</h3> England. <h3>Method</h3> One thousand, nine hundred and fifty principal and salaried GPs surveyed in February 2004 were compared with 1828 principals surveyed in 1998 and 1841 principal and salaried GPs surveyed in 2001. Job satisfaction and stressor scores were adjusted for 2004 age–sex distributions. Determinants of overall satisfaction were examined through ordinary least squares regression. <h3>Results</h3> The 2004 response rate was 53%. GPs were most dissatisfied with hours of work, recognition for good work and remuneration, and experienced most pressure from paperwork, increasing workloads and having insufficient time. The majority of doctors were satisfied with their job overall. Satisfaction was higher than in 2001 and approximately the same as in 1998. Overall stress in 2004 was lower than in 2001 but still higher than in 1998. After allowing for personal, practice and job characteristics, higher satisfaction was associated with lower job stress, involvement in decision making, increasing job interest and ability to meet conflicting demands. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite recent initiatives to enhance workforce capacity and working lives for GPs, workload, time pressures and job control remain potential areas of concern. Addressing such issues may be key to maintaining morale as the new contract is implemented.
Triglyceride Deposit Cardiomyovasculopathy
Authors: Ken Ichi Hirano, Yoshihiko Ikeda, Nobuhiro Zaima, Yasuhiko Sakata, Goro Matsumiya
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV) is a novel disease concept we found in Japanese cardiac transplant candidates in 2008. Probands carried mutations in the PNPLA2 gene encoding adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). ATGL is the major enzyme that catalyzes the initial rate-limiting step of intracellular triglyceride hydrolysis to release free nonesterified long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), which is an essential energy source for the normal heart. Patients with TGCV show ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells resulting from abnormal intracellular metabolism of triglycerides and LCFA. TGCV is classified into primary and idiopathic TGCV with and without genetic ATGL deficiency, respectively. Both types of TGCV patients suffer from severe heart failure, arrhythmia, and coronary artery disease caused by lipotoxicity and energy failure at cellular levels. The Japan TGCV study group provided the diagnostic guideline and has been trying to develop a nutritional therapeutics with medium-chain fatty acids in order to overcome this intractable disease one day earlier. In this chapter, we describe clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory findings, diagnosis, and possible therapies of TGCV.
Obesity and its Association to Phenotype and Clinical Course in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Iacopo Olivotto, Barry J. Maron, Benedetta Tomberli, Evan Appelbaum, Carol Salton, Tammy S. Haas, C. Michael Gibson, Stefano Nistri, Eleonora Servettini, Raymond H. Chan, James E. Udelson, John R. Lesser, Franco Cecchi, Warren J. Manning, Martin S. Maron
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Heart Disease in the Elderly
Authors: Irwin R. Callen
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly , edited by Franz H. Messerli ( Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ), 347 pp, with illus, $52.50, The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; Hingham, Mass, Kluwer Academic Publishing Group, 1984.  Two books published in 1984 cover the topic of heart (cardiovascular) disease in the elderly. They are important and timely.   Heart Disease in the Elderly has ten contributors, each from Great Britain. Chapters on epidemiology, pathology, hypertension, valvular disease, ischemic heart disease, clinical electrocardiography, heart failure, clinical pharmacology, pacemakers, and surgical management follow an introductory chapter by the editors, Martin and Camm.   Heart Disease in the Elderly is the second volume of the Wiley series on disease management in the elderly. The first volume is on drug treatment and the third discusses bone disease. Professor Hall of the University of Southampton is the series editor. I was so pleased with this book that I believe that geriatricians may find
Ratio of waist circumference to height may be better indicator of need for weight management
Authors: M. Ashwell, S. Lejeune
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—The metabolic consequences of obesity relate to the accumulation of visceral fat, which is seemingly reflected by the waist circumference. We add our support to the proposal that sex specific action levels based on the waist circumference could be used as a measure for managing weight.1 2 We also suggest that the ratio of waist circumference to height may be a superior measure for women as well as men.3

We took data from the 1992 health survey for England.4 For each person (1411 men and 1481 women aged 30-74) anthropometric measurements …
Screening for colorectal cancer and advanced colorectal neoplasia in kidney transplant recipients: cross sectional prevalence and diagnostic accuracy study of faecal immunochemical testing for haemoglobin and colonoscopy
Authors: M. G. Collins, E. Teo, S. R. Cole, C.-Y. Chan, S. P. McDonald, G. R. Russ, G. P. Young, P. A. Bampton, P. T. Coates
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether screening kidney transplant recipients aged over 50 years for colorectal cancer with a faecal immunochemical test for haemoglobin might be justified, by determining the prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia and evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of faecal haemoglobin testing compared with colonoscopy in a population of kidney transplant recipients at otherwise average risk. <b>Design</b> Cross sectional prevalence and diagnostic accuracy study with index test of faecal haemoglobin and reference standard of colonoscopy. <b>Setting</b> Outpatient clinics in metropolitan and regional hospitals in South Australia. <b>Participants</b> 229 kidney transplant recipients aged 50 years and over, who were at least 6 months (mean 9.0 (SD 8.4) years) post-transplant and otherwise at average risk of colorectal cancer, completed the study between June 2008 and October 2011. <b>Interventions</b> Faecal immunochemical testing (Enterix Insure) for human haemoglobin, followed by colonoscopy with histological evaluation of retrieved samples. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia, defined as an adenoma at least 10 mm in diameter, villous features, high grade dysplasia, or colorectal cancer; sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of faecal haemoglobin testing for advanced neoplasia compared with colonoscopy. <b>Results</b> Advanced colorectal neoplasia was found in 29 (13%, 95% confidence interval 9% to 18%) participants, including 2% (n=4) with high grade dysplasia and 2% (n=5) with colorectal cancer. Faecal testing for haemoglobin was positive in 12% (n=28); sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for advanced neoplasia were 31.0% (15.3% to 50.8%), 90.5% (85.6% to 94.2%), 32.1% (15.9% to 52.4%), and 90.1% (85.1% to 93.8%). Colonoscopy was well tolerated, with no significant adverse outcomes. To identify one case of advanced neoplasia, 8 (6 to 12) colonoscopies were needed. <b>Conclusions</b> Kidney transplant recipients aged over 50 years have a high prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia. Faecal haemoglobin screening for colorectal neoplasia has similar performance characteristics in transplant recipients to those reported in general population studies, with poor sensitivity but reasonable specificity. Surveillance colonoscopy might be a more appropriate approach in this population. <b>Trial registration</b> Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12608000154303.
Methotrexate inhibits the leukotriene B4 induced intraepidermal accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Authors: P.C.M. KERKHOF, F.W. BAUER, R.M.MAASSEN-DE GROOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

The penetration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) into the epidermis following topical application of leukotriene B4 was assessed in the clinically uninvolved skin of psoriatic patients treated with methotrexate and of psoriatic patients without treatment, and in normal controls. Inhibition of PMN infiltration was observed in those patients treated with methotrexate while there was no significant difference between untreated psoriatic patients and normal controls.
Exhaled nitric oxide is not reduced in infants with cystic fibrosis
Authors: P. J. Franklin, G. L. Hall, A. Moeller, F. Horak, S. Brennan, S. M. Stick
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (F eNO ) has been reported to be reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. However, data from young children are conflicting and it is not clear whether this is a primary feature of the disease or a secondary response. The present study compared F eNO between CF and healthy infants using a validated single-breath technique. A total of 23 healthy infants (11 females; mean age 40.1 weeks) and 18 infants with CF (nine females; 64.9 weeks) underwent tests of lung function and F eNO . Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was collected from all CF infants 2–5 days after lung function testing. There was no significant difference in F eNO between the CF and healthy infants (geometric mean: 23.1 parts per billion (ppb) and 17.0 ppb, respectively). There was an inverse relationship between age and F eNO in the CF patients, but not in the healthy group. Within the CF group, there was no association between F eNO and any marker of airway inflammation measured in the BAL. Exhaled nitric oxide is not reduced in cystic fibrosis infants, but does decrease with age. The current data indicate that F eNO is not a good marker of airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis.
ANOMALIES OF APPENDICITIS.
Authors: ERNEST LAPLACE
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Although the question of diagnosis of appendicitis is treated as an easy matter by the majority of writers, it still remains of extreme difficulty, owing to the varying data of a given case. Appendicitis is not a self-limited disease, presenting a typical course; it is an anomalous disease. The following points, gathered by the writer from notes in his own work, point to the extreme care which a case may demand in its diagnosis and subsequent management. <h3>LOCATION OF APPENDIX.</h3> The appendix is not always located in the right iliac region. Twice it was found adherent to the liver; once to the gall-bladder; twice to the urinary bladder. In very stout patients a certain degree of enteroptosis is present and changes materially the location of the appendix. One may then expect to find itin any part of the abdominal cavity, according to the particular location in which the ileocecal region
Varying Cost and Free Nicotinic Acid Content in Over-the-Counter Niacin Preparations for Dyslipidemia
Authors: C. Daniel Meyers, Molly C. Carr, Sang Park, John D. Brunzell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Background: Nicotinic acid is an effective treatment for dyslipidemia, but the content of over-the-counter niacin is not federally regulated. As a result, patients may use preparations of over-the-counter niacin that do not contain free nicotinic acid. Objective: To characterize the types, costs, and free nicotinic acid content of over-the-counter niacin preparations and to review literature on the use of over-the-counter niacin for dyslipidemia. Data Sources: Commonly used over-the-counter niacin preparations (500-mg tablets or capsules) from the 3 categories of immediate-release, sustained-release, and no-flush were purchased at health food stores and pharmacies and from Internet-based vitamin companies. Pertinent literature on the use of over-the-counter niacin was obtained by searching PubMed. Measurements: For each preparation studied, the monthly cost of therapy (at 2000 mg/d) and the free nicotinic acid content (quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography) were reported. Data Synthesis: On average, immediate-release niacin preparations cost $7.10 per month, sustained-release preparations cost $9.75 per month, and no-flush preparations cost $21.70 per month. The average content of free nicotinic acid was 520.4 mg for immediate-release niacin, 502.6 mg for sustained-release niacin, and 0 for no-flush niacin. Conclusions: No-flush preparations of over-the-counter niacin contain no free nicotinic acid and should not be used to treat dyslipidemia. Over-the-counter sustained-release niacin contains free nicotinic acid, but some brands are hepatotoxic. Immediate-release niacin contains free nicotinic acid and is the least expensive form of over-the-counter niacin.
Noninvasive study of early diastole in mitral stenosis.
Authors: P Toutouzas, A Velimezis, S Castellanos, D Avgoustakis
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Cardiac events of early diastole were studied in 50 normal subjects and 46 patients with mitral stenosis (MS) by simultaneous recordings of the mitral valve echogram (MVE), phonocardiogram, and apexcardiogram (ACG). Left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IRT), measured between A2 and onset of the MVE opening motion, had almost the same values in normals 54 +/- 7 msec, and MS 51 +/- 16 msec. The interval between A2 and the ACG "O" point was approximately double that of IRT: 99 +/- 11 msec in normal subjects, 109 +/- 20 msec in MS. The normal MVE opening motion had a velocity 293 +/- 76 mm/sec and duration 45 +/- 6 msec, values significantly different (P less than 0.001) from 536 +/- 271 mm/sec, 23 +/- 7.5 msec found in MS patients. In atrial fibrillation the length of the cardiac cycle did not affect A2-O interval or mitral valve opening movement duration; however cycle length was clearly related to isovolumic relaxation time. This resulted in a variation in the interval between completion of the mitral valve opening (opening snap) and O point. This interval was longer after a short diastole and vice versa.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA BY A CLOSED METHOD
Authors: ARVINE E. MOZINGO
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The death rate from many hundred cases of empyema occurring in the United States Army during the winter of 1917-1918 was very high. The average mortality reported from the various camps was 30.2 per cent. Many camps reported between 45 and 60 per cent., and one camp reported a mortality of 84 per cent. in eighty-five cases.<sup>1</sup>Most of the deaths reported followed virulent<i>Streptococcus hemolyticus</i>infection. Whether or not this high death rate was due to the virulence of the infection or the treatment, it is evident that there are great possibilities for improvement in methods of treatment. During the past seven months I have had the opportunity to observe seventy cases of empyema in the Walter Reed General Hospital, Washington, D. C., and as a result of this experience have adopted a method of treatment that is submitted as an improvement on the usual procedures. The chief