tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Younger Age at Onset and Sex Predict Celiac Disease in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Franco Cerutti, Graziella Bruno, Francesco Chiarelli, Renata Lorini, Franco Meschi, Carla Sacchetti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To estimate the prevalence of biopsy-confirmed celiac disease in Italian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and to assess whether age at onset of type 1 diabetes is independently associated with diagnosis of celiac disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The study group was a clinic-based cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes cared for in 25 Italian centers for childhood diabetes. Yearly screening for celiac disease was performed using IgA/IgG anti-gliadin and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies. RESULTS—Of the 4,322 children and adolescents (age 11.8 ± 4.2 years) identified with type 1 diabetes, biopsy-confirmed celiac disease was diagnosed in 292 (prevalence 6.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.0–7.6), with a higher risk seen in girls than in boys (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 1.51–2.47). In 89% of these, diabetes was diagnosed before celiac disease. In logistic regression analyses, being younger at onset of diabetes, being female, and having a diagnosis of a thyroid disorder were independently associated with the risk of having diabetes and celiac disease. In comparison with subjects who were older than 9 years at onset of diabetes, subjects who were younger than 4 years at onset had an OR of 3.27 (2.20–4.85). CONCLUSIONS—We have provided evidence that 1) the prevalence of biopsy-confirmed celiac disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes is high (6.8%); 2) the risk of having both diseases is threefold higher in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age &amp;lt;4 years than in those age &amp;gt;9 years; and 3) girls have a higher risk of having both diseases than boys.
Genomic amplification and oncogenic properties of the KCNK9 potassium channel gene
Authors: David Mu, Liyun Chen, Xiping Zhang, Lei-Hoon See, Christina M Koch, Clifford Yen, James Jiayuan Tong, Lori Spiegel, Ken C.Q Nguyen, Allyson Servoss, Yue Peng, Lin Pei, Jeffrey R Marks, Scott Lowe, Timothy Hoey, Lily Yeh Jan, W.Richard McCombie, Michael H Wigler, Scott Powers
Journal: Cancer Cell (2003)
Mechanical strain of rat vascular smooth muscle cells is sensed by specific extracellular matrix/integrin interactions.
Authors: E Wilson, K Sudhir, H E Ives
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Cyclic mechanical strain (1 Hz) causes a mitogenic response in neonatal rat vascular smooth muscle cells due to production and secretion of PDGF. In this study, the mechanism for sensing mechanical strain was investigated. Silicone elastomer strain plates were coated at varying densities with elastin, laminin, type I collagen, fibronectin, or vitronectin. Strain was applied by cyclic application of a vacuum under the dishes. Cells adhered, spread, and proliferated on each matrix protein, but the mitogenic response to strain was matrix dependent. Strain increased DNA synthesis in cells on collagen, fibronectin, or vitronectin, but not in cells on elastin or laminin. When strain was applied on matrices containing both laminin and vitronectin, the mitogenic response to strain depended upon the vitronectin content of the matrix. Fibronectin, in soluble form (0-50 micrograms/ml), and the integrin binding peptide GRGDTP (100 micrograms/ml) both blocked the mitogenic response to mechanical strain in cells grown on immobilized collagen. Neither soluble laminin nor the inactive peptide GRGESP blocked the response to strain. GRGDTP did not alter the mitogenic response to exogenous PDGF or alpha-thrombin but did prevent the secretion of PDGF in response to strain. Furthermore, GRGDTP, but not GRGESP, prevented strain-induced expression of a PDGF-A chain promoter 890 bp-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase construct that was transiently transfected into vascular smooth muscle cells. Finally, the response to strain was abrogated by antibodies to both beta 3 and alpha v beta 5 integrins but not by an antibody to beta 1 integrins. Thus interaction between integrins and specific matrix proteins is responsible for sensing mechanical strain in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Respiratory and bulbar paralysis with relapsing hyperthyroidism.
Authors: J Edelman, E G Stewart-Wynne
Journal: BMJ (1981)

chorea occurs when the function of the corpus striatum is disrupted, the specific abnormality in Sydenham's chorea is unknown.The response to valproic acid suggests that the defect affects the GABA neurotransmitter system.Possibly the difference in effectiveness of valproic acid between Sydenham's chorea and Huntington's chorea reflects the degree of severity of the pathologic process or, alternatively, indicates a difference in the pathogenesis of the two diseases.
TET2 mutation is an unfavorable prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics
Authors: Wen-Chien Chou, Sheng-Chieh Chou, Chieh-Yu Liu, Chien-Yuan Chen, Hsin-An Hou, Yuan-Yeh Kuo, Ming-Cheng Lee, Bor-Sheng Ko, Jih-Luh Tang, Ming Yao, Woei Tsay, Shang-Ju Wu, Shang-Yi Huang, Szu-Chun Hsu, Yao-Chang Chen, Yi-Chang Chang, Yi-Yi Kuo, Kuan-Ting Kuo, Fen-Yu Lee, Ming-Chi Liu, Chia-Wen Liu, Mei-Hsuan Tseng, Chi-Fei Huang, Hwei-Fang Tien
Journal: Blood (2011)
Metachronous Skeletal Osteosarcoma in Patients Treated with Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Nonmetastatic Osteosarcoma
Authors: LeLe Aung, Richard Gorlick, John H. Healey, Weiji Shi, Howard T. Thaler, Nicholas A. Shorter, Andrew G. Huvos, Paul A. Meyers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

The prognosis for patients who develop metachronous skeletal osteosarcoma (OS) has been considered grave compared with that for patients with relapse limited to the lungs. We investigated the incidence and outcome of metachronous skeletal OS after initial treatment of the primary tumor.Twenty-three (median age 18.7 years) of 426 patients with nonmetastatic, high-grade primary OS treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY) between February 1973 and May 2000 developed metachronous skeletal OS. Initial therapy included combination chemotherapy and surgery. Treatment of subsequent relapses consisted of chemotherapy or radiation alone or surgery with or without additional individualized chemotherapy.The median time from the diagnosis of primary OS to the development of metachronous OS was 1.4 years (range, 0.2 to 11.3 years). Median survival was 1.5 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 6.9 years). Two- and 5-year postmetachronous overall survival was 43.5% (95% CI, 23.2% to 63.7%) and 33% (95% CI, 13% to 53%), respectively. At last follow-up (range, 0.1 to 12.8 years), five (30.4%) patients were alive with no evidence of disease (range, 1.7 to 12.8 years; median, 4.4 years). For 11 patients who developed metachronous OS 24 months or more from initial diagnosis, 5-year postmetachronous survival rate for patients receiving combined modality versus monotherapy was 83% (95% CI, 54% to 100%) and 40% (95% CI, 0% to 83%), respectively.In a small subset of patients who developed late metachronous OS, combined-modality therapy with surgery and aggressive chemotherapy may result in long-term postmetachronous survival. This implies that principles used in treatment of primary OS may be applied to patients with late metachronous skeletal OS.
Factors Which Affect Ventilatory Function During Surgical Pneumothorax
Authors: John J. Bonica
Journal: JAMA (1962)

During surgical pneumothorax operations, measurements were made of the oxygen saturation, pH, and pCO<sub>2</sub>of the arterial blood in 32 patients, and the circulatory effect of collapse of the operated lung was observed by determining these 3 quantities. The values obtained indicated that, in patients with minimal or moderate unilateral disease, the total collapse of the operated lung was followed by diversion of the blood flow to the unoperated side. In patients with extensive disease of the operated lung, the absence of change in the 3 variables indicated a preexisting diversion of the blood from the diseased lung. In patients with severe bilateral disease, the data indicated a minimal diversion of the blood.
Eculizumab for Congenital Atypical Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Ralph A. Gruppo, Russell P. Rother
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: Atypical hemolytic–uremic syndrome of infancy is a rare disorder that is associated with thrombotic microangiopathy and acute renal failure. It often involves complement dysregulatio...
Does the Definition of Borders of the Planum Temporale Influence the Results in Schizophrenia?
Authors: Eva M. Meisenzahl, Thomas Zetzsche, Ulrich Preuss, Thomas Frodl, Gerda Leinsinger, Hans-Jürgen Möller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: The planum temporale, a highly asymmetric neocortical area of the temporal lobe, has a possible role in schizophrenia. The authors used three different anatomical definitions of the planum temporale to examine the anterior, posterior, and total planum temporale gray matter volumes simultaneously. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine 30 male schizophrenic patients and 30 healthy male comparison subjects. The total planum temporale was identical in all three anatomical definitions applied to determine the border between the anterior and posterior planum temporale regions. RESULTS: No significant differences between men with and without schizophrenia were detected with regard to planum temporale volumes and asymmetry coefficients for any of the three definitions. CONCLUSIONS: The authors could not prove the hypothesis that the definition of planum temporale borders influences the results concerning possible disturbances of planum temporale asymmetry in patients with schizophrenia.
Extensive gene deletions in Japanese patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Authors: Madoka Kuramitsu, Aiko Sato-Otsubo, Tomohiro Morio, Masatoshi Takagi, Tsutomu Toki, Kiminori Terui, RuNan Wang, Hitoshi Kanno, Shouichi Ohga, Akira Ohara, Seiji Kojima, Toshiyuki Kitoh, Kumiko Goi, Kazuko Kudo, Tadashi Matsubayashi, Nobuo Mizue, Michio Ozeki, Atsuko Masumi, Haruka Momose, Kazuya Takizawa, Takuo Mizukami, Kazunari Yamaguchi, Seishi Ogawa, Etsuro Ito, Isao Hamaguchi
Journal: Blood (2012)
Enzyme replacement therapy from birth in a feline model of mucopolysaccharidosis type VI.
Authors: A C Crawley, K H Niedzielski, E L Isaac, R C Davey, S Byers, J J Hopwood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We report evidence of a dose responsive effect of enzyme replacement therapy in mucopolysaccharidosis type VI cats from birth, at the clinical, biochemical, and histopathological level. Cats treated with weekly, intravenous recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase at 1 and 5 mg/kg, were heavier, more flexible, had greatly reduced or no spinal cord compression, and had almost normal urinary glycosaminoglycan levels. There was near normalization or complete reversal of lysosomal storage in heart valve, aorta, skin, dura, liver, and brain perivascular cells. No reduction in lysosomal vacuolation was observed in cartilage or cornea; however, articular cartilage was thinner and external ear pinnae were larger in some treated cats. Degenerative joint changes were not obviously delayed in treated cats. Skeletal pathology was reduced, with more normalized bone dimensions and with more uniform bone density and trabecular pattern clearly visible on radiographs by 5 to 6 mo; however, differences between 1 and 5 mg/kg dose rates were not clearly distinguishable. At a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, disease was not significantly altered in the majority of parameters examined. Lysosomal storage was present in all tissues examined in the midterm mucopolysaccharidosis type VI fetus and increased rapidly in extent and severity from birth.
Innovations and developments in surgical coloproctology
Authors: Jonathan K Randall, Jonathan M Gilbert
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2013)

The field of coloproctology covers the treatment of both benign and cancerous disease of the colon, rectum and anus. Significant recent developments in the surgical treatment of colorectal cancer include the development of minimally invasive techniques for colorectal resections and the use of stenting for obstructed patients. The introduction of widespread screening aims to diagnose the disease at an earlier stage. Developments in chemotherapy and radiotherapy have also complimented surgical advances towards this disease. There have also been changes in the treatment of benign disease such as diverticular disease, haemorrhoids and anal fissures with a trend towards less invasive surgical techniques.
On-demand ordering of chest radiographs reduced the number of chest radiographs in mechanically ventilated adults
Authors: Mark Soth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Hejblum G, Chalumeau-Lemoine L, Ioos V, et al. Comparison of routine and on-demand prescription of chest radiographs in mechanically ventilated adults: a multicentre, cluster-randomised, two-period crossover study. Lancet. 2009;374:1687-93. 19896184
Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders. A Companion to Brenner &amp; Rector's <i>The Kidney</i>
Authors: Raymond R. Townsend
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Medical Writings: Book Notes4 February 2003Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders. A Companion to Brenner & Rector's The KidneyRaymond R. Townsend, MDRaymond R. Townsend, MDRenal Electrolyte Hypertension Stone Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-3-200302040-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail DuBose T and Hamm L. 574 pages. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2002. $110.00. ISBN 0721689566. Order at www.us.elsevierhealth.com/.Field of medicine: Internal medicine, nephrology, and intensive care unit medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Nephrologists, intensivists, internists, residents, and medical students.Purpose: To provide a concise, practical, and clinical yet physiologic approach to electrolyte and acid-base disturbances and their treatment.Content: The book consists of 28 chapters divided into five sections: acid-base, water, sodium, potassium, and divalent ions.Highlights: DuBose and Hamm have enlisted a group of recognized gurus and pack a lot of current information into this high-quality book. The practical ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Renal Electrolyte Hypertension Stone Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 February 2003Volume 138, Issue 3Page: 240KeywordsKidneysNephrologyPatientsPhosphatesPotassiumRenal physiologySodiumSodium channelsSoftware toolsTreatment guidelines ePublished: 4 February 2003 Issue Published: 4 February 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Determinants of non-compliance with short term antibiotic regimens.
Authors: J Cockburn, R W Gibberd, A L Reid, R W Sanson-Fisher
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The contribution of doctor, patient, and consultation interaction patterns to compliance with antibiotic treatment was examined in 233 adult patients seen in general practice. Twelve variables were shown to discriminate between compliers and non-compliers. Discriminating variables relating to patients included health state, employment state, knowledge of tablet, and perception of anxiety level, difficulty in complying, and their observed anger, distance, and assertiveness in the consultation. Discriminating variables relating to doctors included provision of advice on duration of treatment, complexity of dosage schedule, age of doctor, and number of years in practice. For the most part these results confirmed previous research. It is concluded that the doctor should consider both the dosage schedule and the patient's daily routine when prescribing antibiotic tablets. Advice on how to take the tablets should be given in specific rather than in general terms. The significant effect of the age of the doctor and the years spent in practice has not been found in previous work. This finding may reflect differences in behavior between younger doctors and their patients. This difference was not detected in the observation of consultation events.
The Accuracy of Patient History, Wheezing, and Laryngeal Measurements in Diagnosing Obstructive Airway Disease
Authors: Sharon E. Straus
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextThe accuracy of the clinical examination in detecting obstructive airway disease (OAD) is largely unknown because of a paucity of methodologically rigorous studies.ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of patient history, wheezing, laryngeal height, and laryngeal descent in the diagnosis of OAD.DesignComparison study conducted from November 3, 1998, to December 4, 1998, evaluating 4 clinical examination elements for diagnosis of OAD vs the gold standard of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FEV1–forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio less than the fifth percentile (adjusted for patient height, age, and sex).SettingTwenty-five sites, including primary care and referral practices, in 14 countries.ParticipantsA total of 309 consecutive patients were recruited (mean age, 56 years; 43% female), 76 (25%) with known chronic OAD, 114 (37%) with suspected chronic OAD, and 119 (39%) with neither known nor suspected OAD.Main Outcome MeasuresSensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) for each of the 4 elements of the clinical examination compared with the gold standard.ResultsMean FEV1 and FVC values were 2.1 L/s and 2.9 L; 52% had an FEV1 and FEV1-FVC ratio less than the fifth percentile. The LR for wheezing was 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.2) and was not statistically significant in the multivariate model. The LR for laryngeal descent ranged from 0.9 (95% CI, 0.5-1.4) to 1.2 (95% CI, 0.4-3.4), depending on the cut point chosen, and did not enter the multivariate model. Only 4 of the history or physical examination elements we tested were significantly associated with the diagnosis of OAD on multivariate analysis: smoking for more than 40 pack-years (LR, 8.3), self-reported history of chronic OAD (LR, 7.3), maximum laryngeal height of at least 4 cm (LR, 2.8), and age at least 45 years (LR, 1.3). Patients having all 4 findings had an LR of 220 (ruling in OAD); those with none had an LR of 0.13 (ruling out OAD). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the model incorporating these 4 factors was 0.86.ConclusionsFurther research is needed to validate our model, but in the meantime, our data suggest that less emphasis should be placed on the presence of individual symptoms or signs (such as wheezing or laryngeal descent) in the diagnosis of OAD.
Catheter balloon valvuloplasty of aortic and mitral stenosis in adults: 1987.
Authors: S H Rahimtoola
Journal: Circulation (1987)

CBV for adults with aortic and mitral stenosis is investigational at the present time and should usually be performed within the guidelines of clinical investigation. The technology is an evolving one with regard to types of catheters and balloons, methods of catheter insertion and placement, and patients and valves that are suitable for and will respond well to CBV. The initial results range from disappointing to excellent and must be kept in perspective. The procedure is clearly a palliative one; ideal results are not being achieved at present. Some of the complications are very serious. Nevertheless, CBV is a most promising catheter interventional technique for patients with valvular heart disease. Proper selection of patients and complete reporting of results is important.
Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Women With Previous Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Laura Volpe, Ilaria Cuccuru, Cristina Lencioni, Vinicio Napoli, Alessandra Ghio, Carmen Fotino, Alessandra Bertolotto, Giuseppe Penno, Luca Benzi, Stefano Del Prato, Graziano Di Cianni
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To determine if women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM), a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (1), have signs of subclinical atherosclerosis, we measured carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT) and multiple cardiovascular risk factors in 28 women with and 24 without pGDM (control group) 2 years after delivery. A 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was performed for assessment of glucose tolerance, area under the glucose curve (AUCgluc), insulin sensitivity index, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, and fibrinogen. Family history, anthropometric parameters, and blood pressure were recorded. IMT was measured at four segments of …
FIRM ABLATION AT ROTORS AND FOCAL SOURCES HAS SIMILARLY HIGH EFFICACY FOR PAROXYSMAL AND PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Sanjiv M. Narayan, Tina Baykaner, David Krummen, Kalyanam Shivkumar, Paul Clopton, John Miller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Estimating the rate of evolution of the rate of molecular evolution
Authors: J. L. Thorne, H. Kishino, I. S. Painter
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

A simple model for the evolution of the rate of molecular evolution is presented. With a Bayesian approach, this model can serve as the basis for estimating dates of important evolutionary events even in the absence of the assumption of constant rates among evolutionary lineages. The method can be used in conjunction with any of the widely used models for nucleotide substitution or amino acid replacement. It is illustrated by analyzing a data set of rbcL protein sequences.
Fears about exercise
Authors: T Smith
Journal: BMJ (1994)

All that rain that swept across Britain in December and January fell as snow in Norway, so I spent a lot of the holiday period shovelling, clearing pathways around the house which filled up overnight as the wind blew fresh snow into the trenches. These are circumstances in which knowledge is a source of anxiety rather than confidence, for I was all too well aware that snow -moving is a classic setting for a heart attack in a middle aged man, somewhat overweight. Indeed I had read before Christmas an article in the New England Journal of Medicine (1993;329:1677) that quantified the risk: someone who usually takes no exercise and then really exerts himself with a shovel increases his risk of having an acute myocardial infarction by …
External Counterpulsation
Authors: Harry S. Soroff
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Twenty patients in cardiogenic shock following myocardial infarction were treated with external counterpulsation. Eleven patients died during or soon after treatment. One patient survived for three days and another for three weeks; both died in the hospital of complications apparently unrelated to counterpulsation. Seven patients were discharged from the hospital and remained well. The patients who responded to external counterpulsation did so within the first few hours. There seemed to be no benefit in applying counterpulsation for more than six hours. Sequential analysis of mortality statistics indicated that the 45% survival rate (which included the two short-term survivors) was a significant improvement (<i>P</i>&lt;.01) over the usual 15% survival rate in cases of cardiogenic shock. (<i>JAMA</i>229:1441-1450, 1974)