tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injury Coding and Hospital Discharge Data
Authors: William A. Watson
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Sniezek et al 1 describe the potential role of hospital discharge data in providing information regarding causes of severe, nonfatal injuries. Coding the external cause of an injury using E codes provided by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification would provide standardized information regarding the cause of injuries that require hospitalization. Another source of data on cause of injury not described by the authors is emergency department databases. This source would provide information regarding both severe injuries that require hospitalization and less severe injuries that can be managed in the emergency department.  The Emergency Department of Truman Medical Center, the primary teaching hospital of the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine and one of the Jackson County hospitals, maintains a computer-stored record of each adult patient registered. From March 1, 1988, to October 24, 1989, 59 320 patient-visit records were reviewed by
Explanation and management of neurological disability.
Authors: E M Critchley, J D Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Patients are often told of the diagnosis of a neurological disability in less than ideal circumstances such that they may not fully comprehend it. Clinicians must be able to sense when the patient's understanding is imperfect even if superficially he or she appears to take in what has been said and its implications. A programme of further counselling is often required to follow this up. A critical look at current procedures will show how these problems arise. It is suggested that improvements in the care of neurologically disabled patients would follow from improved communication between the many agencies that the concerned in their care and from providing books and other material explaining disability and its treatment. A logical development would be for disabled living centres to be established adjacent to existing neuroscience units.
EARLY HEMODYNAMIC AND NEUROHORMONAL RESPONSE AFTER PERCUTANEOUS VERSUS SURGICAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Mohammad A. Sherif, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Volker Geist, Joerg Kynast, Reinhard Semmler, Ralph Tö;lg, Gert Richardt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Relapses of Breast Cancer
Authors: Alan Feiner
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The important debate over adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer continues. The recent article by Packard et al (238:1034-1036, 1977) presents data on relapses. However, it is unclear as to how vigorously relapses were sought. For example, bone scans are important in detecting early bone lesions.<sup>1</sup>As we all realize, the incidence of a finding reflects the diligence with which it is sought. Before accepting any of the authors' data, we should appreciate some delineation of what methods were used in the detection of relapses.
Two Ophthalmic Solutions
Authors: Bernard A. Schwetz
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role for the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1α in liver regenerative responses
Authors: Yang Liu, Mengle Shao, Ying Wu, Cheng Yan, Shan Jiang, Jingnan Liu, Jianli Dai, Liu Yang, Jia Li, Weiping Jia, Liangyou Rui, Yong Liu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Alternatively spliced variants of the insulin receptor protein. Expression in normal and diabetic human tissues.
Authors: H Benecke, J S Flier, D E Moller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Two insulin receptor mRNA transcripts resulting from alternative splicing of exon 11 in the receptor gene are expressed in a highly regulated tissue-specific fashion. To date, there is no information about the relative abundance of the protein isoforms encoded by these mRNAs in tissues of normal or diabetic subjects. We employed an antibody raised against the peptide sequence encoded by exon 11 to develop a specific immunoprecipitation assay that is capable of determining the fraction of receptors that include this amino acid sequence. The assay is based on the relative ability of the exon 11 specific monoclonal antibody (alpha IR alpha) compared to a nonspecific anti-receptor antiserum (B-2) to immunoprecipitate solubilized receptors that are first labeled with 125I-insulin. The assay was validated using standard curves generated with samples composed of known ratios of the two receptor isoforms. Our results in general confirm observations regarding the relative abundance of the two mRNA species in human tissues, with marked predominance of the exon 11+ isoform in liver, and the exon 11- isoform in leukocytes. Similar amounts of both variants are present in placenta, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. In studies with this assay using skeletal muscle extracts from control and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) subjects, as well as in studies of the two mRNAs in control versus NIDDM muscle using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, we could find no significant difference between control and diabetic subjects. This data contradicts a recent report claiming that normal individuals have only the exon 11- mRNA transcript in their skeletal muscle, whereas NIDDM subjects have similar expression of both mRNAs. Given the emerging evidence that functional differences exist between the two receptor isoforms, these studies are relevant to our understanding of insulin receptor function in health and disease.
HIV Integration Sites Linked to Viral Persistence
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Novel Death Defying Domain in met entraps the active site of caspase-3 and blocks apoptosis in hepatocytes
Authors: Jihong Ma, Chunbin Zou, Lida Guo, Danushka S. Seneviratne, Xinping Tan, Yong-Kook Kwon, Jiyan An, Robert Bowser, Marie C. DeFrances, Reza Zarnegar
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Met, the transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is known to function as a potent antiapoptotic mediator in normal and neoplastic cells. Herein we report that the intracellular cytoplasmic tail of Met has evolved to harbor a tandem pair of caspase-3 cleavage sites, which bait, trap, and disable the active site of caspase-3, thereby blocking the execution of apoptosis. We call this caspase-3 cleavage motif the Death Defying Domain (DDD). This site consists of the following sequence: DNAD-DEVD-T (where the hyphens denote caspase cleavage sites). Through functional and mechanistic studies, we show that upon DDD cleavage by caspase-3 the resulting DEVD-T peptide acts as a competitive inhibitor and entraps the active site of caspase-3 akin to DEVD-CHO, which is a potent, synthetic inhibitor of caspase-3 activity. By gain- and loss-of-function studies using restoration of DDD expression in DDD-deficient hepatocytic cells, we found that both caspase-3 sites in DDD are necessary for inhibition of caspase-3 and promotion of cell survival. Employing mutagenesis studies, we show that DDD could operate independently of Met's enzymatic activity as determined by using kinase-dead human Met mutant constructs. Studies of both human liver cancer tissues and cell lines uncovered that DDD cleavage and entrapment of caspase-3 by DDD occur in vivo , further proving that this site has physiological and pathophysiological relevance. Conclusion : Met can directly inhibit caspase-3 by way of a novel mechanism and promote hepatocyte survival. The results presented here will further our understanding of the mechanisms that control not only normal tissue homeostasis but also abnormal tissue growth such as cancer and degenerative diseases in which apoptotic caspases are at play. (Hepatology 2014;59:2010–2021)
Proarrhythmic electrical remodelling is associated with increased beat-to-beat variability of repolarisation
Authors: M THOMSEN, A OROS, M SCHOENMAKERS, J VANOPSTAL, J MAAS, J BEEKMAN, M VOS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Acquired long-QT syndrome in combination with increased beat-to-beat variability of repolarisation duration (BVR) is associated with lethal torsades de pointes arrhythmias (TdP) in dogs with remodelled heart after atrioventricular block (AVB). We evaluated the relative contributions of bradycardia and ventricular remodelling to proarrhythmic BVR with and without pharmacological I(Kr) block in order to identify the individual at risk.Three groups of dogs were used: sinus rhythm dogs (n = 12), dogs with acute AVB (n = 8), and dogs with >3 weeks chronic AVB (n = 27). Under anaesthesia, ECG and monophasic action potential duration (MAPD) were measured. Local BVR was quantified as short-term variability from 30 consecutive left ventricular MAPD (STV = summation absolute value(D(n(i)-D(n+1))/[30 x square root of 2])). All dogs received dofetilide iv.The slower ventricular rate acutely after AVB affected neither QTc nor STV (288+/-18 to 293+/-38 ms and 0.7+/-0.1 to 0.7+/-0.1 ms, respectively; P = NS for both), whereas ventricular remodelling increased both (to 376+/-46 and 2.3+/-0.6 ms, respectively; P < 0.05 for both). Neither dogs in sinus rhythm nor acute AVB showed any TdP, whereas dofetilide induced TdP in 74% of the chronic-AVB dogs. Dofetilide increased the QTc interval in all groups (19-24%; P < 0.05 for all groups), whereas STV was elevated in chronic-AVB dogs only (to 4.2+/-1.5 ms; P < 0.05) and further confined to inducible chronic-AVB dogs (5.0+/-0.8 versus 1.9+/-0.4 ms for resistant dogs; P < 0.05). Variability of the idioventricular rate was increased directly after AVB and did not influence BVR.Under drug-free circumstances, a persistent high BVR in chronic-AVB dogs is remodelling dependent rather than a direct consequence of bradycardia acutely after AVB. Variability of this slower rate does not influence BVR. Dofetilide causes a transient increase in BVR only in proarrhythmic dogs. Thus, BVR may aid the identification of the TdP-susceptible patient.
Hodgkin's Disease Therapeutic Program
Authors: Vincent T. DeVita
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In 1963, prompted by the early success of the use of combinations of drugs for the treatment of acute childhood leukemia, a pilot study was performed using combinations of drugs in Hodgkin's disease (vinca alkaloids, alkylating agents, prednisone, and methotrexate). The results were encouraging enough to lead to an expanded program substituting procarbazine hydrochloride for methotrexate. This combined-drug program (MOPP) nine years later has yielded results significantly different than those previously achieved with single agents. The results of this program, employing combinations of effective drugs, consistently show a higher rate of induction of complete remissions in patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease (80%, compared with 25%) and prolongation of remission duration after all therapy is stopped (36 months, compared with 3 months). These results have been confirmed in several cooperative trials. With a doubling or tripling of the complete remission rate and an eightto ten-fold increase in remission duration after therapy
AGE DOES NOT AFFECT OUTCOMES AFTER ANGIOPLASTY FOR UNPROTECTED LEFT MAIN ANGIOPLASTY: INSIGHTS FROM A LARGE OCTOGENARIANS' COHORT
Authors: Sofiene Rekik, Jerome Brunet, Francois Xavier Hager, Gille Bayet, Laurent Meille, Jean Michel Quatre, Joel Sainsous
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
THE EFFECT OF ADRENOCHROME AND NIACIN ON THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM OF EPILEPTICS
Authors: A. SZATMARI, A. HOFFER, R. SCHNEIDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

1. Adrenochrome in dosages of 10 mgms. does not change the EEG of normal volunteers, but in 10, 25, and 50 mgm. doses increases the bilateral paroxysmal abnormalities in the EEG of epileptics, but has very little effect on the cortical focus itself. 2. Nicotinic acid given orally or intravenously in normal volunteers showed a slight shift in EEG frequency to the fast side; in epileptics the drug considerably decreases the bilateral diffuse paroxysmal abnormalities (except in true idiopathic epilepsy), but has very little influence on the focus itself. 3. The mode of action of the above-named drugs is discussed. 4. A tentative explanation is offered as to the genesis of the paroxysmal EEG disturbance in schizophrenia.
Polypharmacy: thoughtful or random?
Authors: K. Byatt
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In the acute hospital setting the COVID-19 pandemic presents some unique challenges to acute patient care. These include accurate recognition of cases, confirmation of both testing requests and results, establishing patient acuity and alerting to deterioration. We report our experience introducing a digital COVID-19 assessment tool with an associated live dashboard at two acute NHS hospitals, enabling accurate hospital-level reporting alongside risk stratification.
Thymoma Treated With 177Lu DOTATATE Induction and Maintenance PRRT
Authors: William Makis, Karey McCann, Alexander J.B. McEwan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 47-year-old man presented with a recurrent thymoma World Health Organization type A of the anterior chest wall with pleural metastases after failing chemotherapy. The tumor was positive on In-octreotide, and he was referred for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Lu DOTATATE. He received 4 induction and 2 maintenance Lu DOTATATE treatments (total dose, 1000 mCi) and reported significant improvement in symptoms. Before the seventh treatment, mild progression was diagnosed on CT, and PRRT was terminated. The use of induction and maintenance Lu DOTATATE PRRT therapy in the management of thymoma warrants further research.
Hsp27 Upregulation and Phosphorylation Is Required for Injured Sensory and Motor Neuron Survival
Authors: Susanna C. Benn, Daniel Perrelet, Ann C. Kato, Joachim Scholz, Isabelle Decosterd, Richard J. Mannion, Joanna C. Bakowska, Clifford J. Woolf
Journal: Neuron (2002)
Histamine Explanation of Acupuncture
Authors: Roy J. Popkin
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have been surprised by the almost total lack of scientific explanation of the beneficial action of acupuncture. It is understandable that one theory will not fully explain its action when numerous and unrelated illnesses are treated. The patient is often quoted as stating that the site of the needle puncture became warm and red. The area raised resembled a wheal, such as occurs following the local injection or production of histamine. Histamine is the substance produced at the site of the tissue injury. The needling at the acupuncture site carries sufficient trauma to produce this agent. Histamine is a powerful agent with many physiological actions, such as being an antagonist to epinephrine in dilating the arterioles and capillaries. Vasoconstriction is often associated with pain. Histamine is found in all living tissue and important to body physiology. Undoubtedly, others have thought that histamine, produced through acupuncture, is
Diffuse vascular ectasia of the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum in a patient with nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Lack of response to portosystemic shunt or gastrectomy.
Authors: P Cales, J J Voigt, J L Payen, E Bloom, P Berg, J P Vinel, B Pradere, P Broussy, J P Pascal
Journal: Gut (1993)

The case is reported of a 70 year old man who presented with severe anaemia because of chronic gastrointestinal blood loss. This loss was ascribed to vascular ectasia resembling the gastric antral vascular ectasia syndrome but extended to include the antrum, the duodenum, the jejunum, and, possibly, the cardiac area. This condition was associated with portal hypertension as a result of nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Consecutive treatments including sucralfate, prostaglandin E2, propranolol, organic nitrates, pentoxyphilline, corticosteroids, endoscopic sclerotherapy, portosystemic shunt, total gastrectomy, proved ineffective.
Confidentiality may be overvalued
Authors: A. S Kessel
Journal: BMJ (1998)

With a disturbingly high prevalence of physical and sexual abuse in the community, it is not uncommon for doctors to become involved in situations of the kind described. Here, the paediatrician has presented two possible courses of action—to report the matter, thereby breaching confidentiality, or to maintain confidentiality by not disclosing the incident.

Legally, either option is defensible. This is reflected in the General Medical Council's guidelines.1 These advise that confidentiality should be respected, but that disclosure “may be necessary in the public interest where a failure to disclose information may expose the patient, or others, to risk of death or serious harm.” Information should then be …
Women should give informed consent before starting SSRIs
Authors: D. Mangin
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In Pedersen and colleagues’ study of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in pregnancy, the hazards were clearest for citalopram and sertraline.1 However, a meta-analysis of all epidemiologically robust studies of paroxetine in the first trimester of pregnancy conclusively shows increased prevalence of both cardiac malformations (odds ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 1.82) and total malformations (1.24, 1.08 to 1.43).2

One of …
Risk Assessment Related to Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Gas and Particle Phases near Industrial Sites
Authors: Noelia Ramírez, Anna Cuadras, Enric Rovira, Rosa Maria Marcé, Francesc Borrull
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Inhalation is one of the main means of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) because of their ubiquitous presence in the atmosphere. However, most studies have considered only PAHs found in the particle phase and have omitted the contribution of the gas-phase PAHs to the risk.We estimated the lifetime lung cancer risk from PAH exposure by inhalation in people living next to the largest chemical site in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean area.We determined 18 PAHs in the atmospheric gas and particle phase. We monitored the PAHs for 1 year in three locations near the chemical site in different seasons. We used toxic equivalence factors to calculate benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) equivalents (BaP-eq) for individual PAHs and applied the World Health Organization unit risk (UR) for BaP (UR = 8.7 × 10-5) to estimate lifetime cancer risks due to PAH exposures.We observed some spatial and seasonal variability in PAH concentrations. The contribution of gas-phase PAHs to the total BaP-eq value was between 34% and 86%. The total estimated average lifetime lung cancer risk due to PAH exposure in the study area was 1.2 × 10-4.The estimated risk was higher than values recommended by the World Health Organization and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency but lower than the threshold value of 10-3 that is considered an indication of definite risk according to similar risk studies. The results also showed that risk may be underestimated if the contributions of gas-phase PAHs are not considered.
Neutrophil CD64 Expression Is Elevated in Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Robin Daniel Abeles, Nicholas J. Taylor, Godhev K. Manakkat Vijay, Jennifer Ryan, Thomas H. Tranah, William Bernal, Julia A. Wendon, Debbie L. Shawcross
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)
CONTACT DERMATITIS IN BEEKEEPEES DUE TO PROPOLIS (BEE GLUE)*
Authors: MARY H. BUNNEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

SUMMARY. The source, nature and properties of propolis (bee g̀lue) are described and the world literature on propolis dermatitis is reviewed. Propolis has been shown by a field survey to be a significant cause of occupational dermatitis in beekeepers in Britain, of which at least 0·05% are probably affected. Fourteen proven cases are recorded and 11 possible cases are mentioned. The clinical features are described and the possible effects of the volatile fraction of propolis are discussed. Prophylactic measures are suggested. Patch tests were carried out with propolis from different sources. Balsam of Peru, poplar and other tree resins, the volatile fraction of propolis and certain cinnamic derivatives. It is concluded that the allergens in propolis are derived mainly from poplar but also from other tree resins. None of the cinnamic derivatives so far tested appears to be the principal allergen involved.