tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastric Involvement in Sjögren's Syndrome Simulating Early Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: M. Takasugi, A. Hayakawa, H. Hirakata, T. Hiyama, K. Tominaga, H. Ibayashi
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

The case of a 42-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome accompanied by severe gastric infiltration and interstitial nephritis is reported. Presentation was with finger stiffness, Raynaud's phenomenon and abdominal discomfort. There were endoscopic and radiological features of early cancer, type IIc (depressed type). Resected stomach showed atrophic gastritis with erosion. Histology showed focal to relatively diffuse destruction of the gastric glands with minimal intestinal metaplasia and dense collections of lymphoid cells with occasional germinal centers in the interstitium of the gastric mucosa. Renal biopsy revealed similar severe diffuse interstitial infiltration of lymphoid cells. Distal renal tubular acidosis was confirmed by sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride loading test. Satisfactory improvement in xerostomia, keratoconjunctivitis sicca and other laboratory data occurred on prolonged administration of adrenal steroids and cyclophosphamide.
OCCURRENCE OF THE STRONGYLOIDES INTESTINALIS IN THE UNITED STATES.
Authors: MARSHALL LANGTON PRICE
Journal: JAMA (1903)

<h3>RHABDITIFORM EMBRYOS.</h3> As the parasite occurs in the stools as the rhabditiform embryo, and probably never in any form (excepting rarely after a purge, when the passage of the parthenogenetic mother worm has been reported by one or two observers), it follows that the thorough understanding of this form is most essential to diagnosis; and I have, therefore, described it below at some length. In a properly prepared specimen the embryo appears as a clear, almost hyaline, nematode, completely transparent and possessed of a very active motility, swimming among the granular detritus, and pushing aside the smaller obstacles in its path, and turning aside to pass the larger ones, when its progress is arrested by an obstacle of considerable size. The consistency of the nematode seems scarcely to exceed that of protoplasm, the parasite quivering like jelly with every movement, or when the microscopic stage was jarred or
Melancholy and Suicide
Authors: Earl Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In "Elizabethans on Melancholia" (<b>212</b>:127,1970) Veith states, "The early descriptions of melancholy almost entirely omitted or disregarded one fact, the patient's proneness to suicide. We can not now say whether suicide played a minor role in the depression of the Elizabethan era." Several passages from Robert Burton's<i>The Anatomy of Melancholy</i>suggest otherwise. The first, an apparent reference from the Epistle to Damagetus, one of the spurious works of Hippocrates, may be the first medical reference to self-assaultive symptoms: "Some kill themselves, others despair, not obtaining their desires." (vol 1, p 37,<i>The Thirteenth Edition</i>, corrected. London, 1827). Another, under "Prognosticks of Melancholy" (part 1, sec 4, mem 1): "Seldom this malady procures death, except (which is the greatest, most grievous calamity, and the misery of all miseries) they make away themselves; which is a frequent thing, and familiar amongst them. 'Tis Hippocrates observation, Galens sentence
Higher Predictivity of Exercise Stress Test Contradictory to Bayes Theory in Young and Young Adults with Low Profile of Coronary Risk
Authors: Mustafa Aparci, Murat Yalcin, Zafer Isilak, Cengiz Ozturk, Omer Uz, Ugur Bozlar, Ejder Kardesoglu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Rhus Toxicodendron (Poison Ivy)
Authors: John P. Ruppe
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A large vine of poison ivy is entwined about a tree surrounded by a ground cover of the same plant (Figure). The vine is darker than the rest of the trees, and it climbs to the full height of the supporting trees. This illustrates the full range of growth which may not be commonly appreciated. This growth is located at Watch Hill, part of the Fire Island National Seashore, off the South Shore of Long Island, NY.
T cell specificity and cross reactivity towards enterobacteria,<i>Bacteroides</i>,<i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and antigens from resident intestinal flora in humans
Authors: R Duchmann, E May, M Heike, P Knolle, M Neurath, K-H Meyer zum Büschenfelde
Journal: Gut (1999)

T cell responses to normal intestinal bacteria or their products may be important in the immunopathogenesis of chronic enterocolitis.To investigate the T cell specificity and cross reactivity towards intestinal bacteria.T cell clones were isolated with phytohaemagglutinin from peripheral blood and biopsy specimens of inflamed and non-inflamed colon from five patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and two controls. T cell clones were restimulated with anaerobic Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria species, enterobacteria, and direct isolates of aerobic intestinal flora. T cell phenotype was analysed by single-cell immunocyte assay.Analysis of 96 T cell clones isolated from peripheral blood and biopsy specimens from two patients with IBD showed that both Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides species specifically stimulate proliferation of CD4+TCRalphabeta+ T cell clones from both sites and that cross reactivity exists between these anaerobic bacteria and different enterobacteria. Analysis of 210 T cell clones isolated from three patients with IBD and two controls showed that indigenous aerobic flora specifically stimulate T cell clones from peripheral blood and biopsy specimens from a foreign subject. Some of these flora specific T cell clones were cross reactive with defined enterobacteria. In addition, T cell clones stimulated by their own indigenous aerobic flora were identified in patients with IBD.Immune responses to antigens from the intestinal microflora involve a complex network of T cell specificities.
Sixty eight per cent of us hallucinate
Authors: D. W. H. Baillie
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Permanently implanted gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been shown to be a successful therapy for many aspects of gastroparesis (GP). Recently, endoscopic temporary GES (GIE, 2005), has been advocated as a method to rapidly determine the possible beneficial effects of this therapy. However, temporary GES (Temp GES) has not been studied in a blinded manner. <h3>Patients</h3> We studied 58 patients (11 males, 47 females, mean age 46 years) with the symptoms of GP and an underlying diagnosis (idiopathic [ID], <i>n</i> = 38; diabetes mellitus (DM), <i>n</i> = 13; postsurgical [PS], <i>n</i> = 7) in a randomized placebo-controlled crossover study of temp GES as two consecutive 4-day sessions. <h3>Methods</h3> After baseline assessments of symptoms (including vomiting) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), patients underwent endoscopic placement of Temp GES on day 1 and then had devices turned ON/OFF through day 4, when another assessment was done. Patients were crossed over to OFF/ON days 5 through day 8 when final assessments were performed. Results were compared by <i>t</i>-tests within and between groups and reported as mean ± SE. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty-eight patients had ON-OFF and 30 patients had OFF-ON; 45 of 58 patients finished all 8 days. When analyzed for all patients ON versus all patients OFF, both vomiting frequency and HRQOL improved significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). When analyzed for the first session, the results were even more significant: the mean number of days vomiting decreased from 1.4 OFF to 0.4 ON (<i>p</i> = .001) and the mean number of days with nausea deceased from 1.6 OFF to 0.8 ON (<i>p</i> = .002). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This blinded comparison of temporary endoscopic GES is the first evidence-based study of its effectiveness. Further stratification of results from the EndoSTIM study should provide additional information about which gastroparesis patients may benefit most from temporary GES.
Differences in regulatory T cells between Churg-Strauss syndrome and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with asthma
Authors: Naomi Tsurikisawa, Hiroshi Saito, Takahiro Tsuburai, Chiyako Oshikata, Emiko Ono, Hiroyuki Mitomi, Kazuo Akiyama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
<i>VANGL2</i>Mutations in Human Cranial Neural-Tube Defects
Authors: Yunping Lei, Ting Zhang, Hong Li, Bai Lin Wu, Li Jin, Hong Yan Wang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

To the Editor: Mutations in more than 200 genes are known to cause neural-tube defects in mice; less is known about the genetic cause of neural-tube defects in humans.1 Kibar and colleagues2 hypothesized that human neural-tube defects are caused by mutations in VANGL1 and VANGL2, genes that affect planar cell polarity and cause neural-tube defects in mice. They identified mutations in VANGL1 but not in VANGL2 in humans.2 We hypothesized that mutations in VANGL2 are lethal to the fetus, and therefore we sequenced VANGL2 in 163 stillborn or miscarried Han Chinese fetuses with neural-tube defects (Table 1 in the Supplementary Appendix, . . .
If I had carcinoma of the middle third of the rectum.
Authors: H A Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1978)

specialist psychiatric advice is necessary for all self-poisoned patients, we should have found that the patients assessed by the medical teams had fared less well than those assessed by psychiatrists.But ... there was no significant difference between the groups in the incidence of relapse during the trial."They considered that, "a specialist psychiatric training is not essential for the purpose of assessing suicidal risk" and conclude that there is "a strong case for amending the recommendation in the Hill Report so that physicians may decide in each case of self-poisoning whether a psychiatric opinion is necessary."We are grateful to the Trent RHA and to Mr P A M Weston of the accident and emergency department, General Hospital, Nottingham, for access to the sample of records, and we are grateful to the records staff at Mapperley Hospital for their help with the contact forms.
Biochemical mechanism of infarct size reduction by pyruvate
Authors: V. REGITZ, T. AZUMI, H. STEPHAN, S. NAUJOCKS, W. SCHAPER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

We have explored the biochemical mechanism of the infarct size reduction found after intracoronary pyruvate infusion. Using the double infarct model, we simultaneously produced in nine dogs a control- and a therapy-infarct and compared the infarct sizes in each dog after 90 min of occlusion and 90 min of reflow. Intracoronary pyruvate reached the therapy infarct only by way of collaterals but had no access to the control infarct. Tissue levels of reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide (NADH) were measured in control-normal-, therapy-normal-, control-ischaemic-and pyruvate-treated ischaemic areas. In all nine dogs we found a significant reduction in infarct size and NADH levels in the pyruvate-treated areas. Therapy-normal NADH levels fell to 30 ± l0% (mean ± SD) of control-normal levels and therapy-ischaemic NADH levels to 26 ± 17% of control-ischaemic levels. We assumed that the infused pyruvate was converted to lactate and at the same time NAD was generated from NADH. Thereby the blockade of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by high NADH/NAD-ratios in ischaemic myocardium should be moderated, and ATP production by anaerobic glycolysis stimulated. These small amounts of ATP may be sufficient to guarantee membrane integrity over 90 min of ischaemia and so diminish its harmful effects on the myocardium.
What is to be Expected from the Surgical Treatment of Tubercular Lungs?
Authors: Edwin Klebs
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, July, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In consequence of the surprising declaration of Dr. Murphy, that tuberculosis of the lungs can be cured by injections of nitrogen gas into the pleural cavity, the question arises, what may we expect of this measure, setting aside all the difficulties arising by impossible diagnosis of adhesions, which would in some cases make the injections inefficient. We will only consider cases in which the method would effect a total compression of the diseased lung. What will be the consequence of such a state, so far as known by pathologic observation? It may be remarked that we know such cases, in which a healthy or emphysematous lung is compressed by rupture of some air cells, mostly in the place of a circumscribed adhesion of the pulmonary surface to the costal pleura. In general such traumatic pneumothorax heals without any difficulty. If a tuberculous lung is
A MULTICENTER STUDY OF DOSE TITRATION OF THE ORAL POTASSIUM BINDER RLY5016 TO MAINTAIN NORMAL SERUM POTASSIUM IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE TREATED WITH RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE INHIBITORS AND/OR ?-BLOCKERS
Authors: Bertram Pitt, David Bushinsky, Sherin Halfon, Dalane Kitzman, Mitja Lainscak, Vandana Mathur, Yuri Stasiv, I-Zu Huang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
465 CAN WE SAFELY USE DONOR LIVERS WITH STEATOSIS IN HCV-POSITIVE RECIPIENTS?
Authors: G. Germani, M. Loreno, F.P. Russo, E. Perissinotto, M. Senzolo, A. Masier, E. DeMartin, M. Gambato, C. Ferronato, U. Cillo, M. Rugge, P. Burra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Interpreting Treatment Effects From Clinical Trials in the Context of Real-World Risk Information
Authors: Ann M. O’Hare, John R. Hotchkiss, Manjula Kurella Tamura, Eric B. Larson, Brenda R. Hemmelgarn, Adam Batten, Thy P. Do, Kenneth E. Covinsky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Older adults are often excluded from clinical trials. The benefit of preventive interventions tested in younger trial populations may be reduced when applied to older adults in the clinical setting if they are less likely to survive long enough to experience those outcomes targeted by the intervention.To extrapolate a treatment effect similar to those reported in major randomized clinical trials of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers for prevention of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to a real-world population of older patients with chronic kidney disease.Simulation study in a retrospective cohort conducted in Department of Veterans Affairs medical centers. We included 371 470 patients 70 years or older with chronic kidney disease.Level of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria.Among members of this cohort, we evaluated the expected effect of a 30% reduction in relative risk on the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent 1 case of ESRD over a 3-year period. These limits were selected to mimic the treatment effect achieved in major trials of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers for prevention of ESRD. These trials have reported relative risk reductions of 23% to 56% during observation periods of 2.6 to 3.4 years, yielding NNTs to prevent 1 case of ESRD of 9 to 25.The NNT to prevent 1 case of ESRD among members of this cohort ranged from 16 in patients with the highest baseline risk (eGFR of 15-29 mL/min/1.73 m(2) with a dipstick proteinuria measurement of ≥ 2+) to 2500 for those with the lowest baseline risk (eGFR of 45-59 mL/min/1.73 m(2) with negative or trace proteinuria and eGFR of ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with dipstick proteinuria measurement of 1+). Most patients belonged to groups with an NNT of more than 100, even when the exposure time was extended over 10 years and in all sensitivity analyses.Differences in baseline risk and life expectancy between trial subjects and real-world populations of older adults with CKD may reduce the marginal benefit to individual patients of interventions to prevent ESRD.
Long-Term Disease-Free Survival After Gemtuzumab, Intermediate-Dose Cytarabine, and Mitoxantrone in Patients With CD33<sup>+</sup> Primary Resistant or Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Patrice Chevallier, Jacques Delaunay, Pascal Turlure, Arnaud Pigneux, Mathilde Hunault, Richard Garand, Thierry Guillaume, Herve Avet-Loiseau, Nathalia Dmytruk, Stephane Girault, Noel Milpied, Norbert Ifrah, Mohamad Mohty, Jean-Luc Harousseau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To determine the antitumor activity and safety of a combination of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), intermediate-dose cytarabine, and mitoxantrone (MIDAM) in patients with refractory or relapsed CD33(+) acute myeloid leukemia (AML).We treated 62 patients with refractory (n = 18) or relapsed (n = 44) CD33(+) AML. Median age was 55.5 years. Salvage regimen consisted of GO 9 mg/m(2) on day 4, cytarabine 1 g/m(2) every 12 hours on days 1 through 5, and mitoxantrone 12 mg/m(2)/d on days 1 through 3. Median follow-up time was 26.5 months.Thirty-one patients (50%) achieved complete remission (CR), and eight patients (13%) had CR with delayed platelet recovery (CRp); the overall response (OR; CR + CRp) rate was 63%. A significantly higher OR rate was achieved in patients who had relapsed versus refractory AML (73% v 39%, respectively; P = .007) and patients with CD33 expression more than 98% of the blast population versus less than 98% (79% v 52.3%, respectively; P = .03). The overall, event-free, and disease-free survival rates were 41%, 33%, and 53% at 2 years, respectively. Leukocytosis more than 20,000/microL at MIDAM therapy, high-risk cytogenetics, and absence of postremission therapy were adverse prognostic factors. Age, disease status, and/or CD33 expression did not influence survival parameters. Four early toxic deaths occurred; a grade 3 to 4 hyperbilirubinemia rate of 16% was observed, and two patients had veno-occlusive disease (3%).The MIDAM regimen seems to be an effective salvage regimen for refractory/relapsed CD33(+) AML patients. These encouraging results support the need for a randomized phase III trial before considering this combination of GO and chemotherapy as superior or the standard of care treatment for refractory/relapsed CD33(+) AML patients.
Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia
Authors: Peter Collignon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1989Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal BacteremiaPeter Collignon, MB, BS, BSc (Med.)Peter Collignon, MB, BS, BSc (Med.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-11-945_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Martin and coworkers (1) discussed possible problems in differentiating between contamination and true sepsis with coagulase-negative staphylococci. They reported no apparent difference in the mortality of patients having one positive blood culture compared with those who had two or more positive blood cultures. It is not clear, however, whether the blood-culture system in use at their institution was a one- or a two-bottle system. If a two-bottle system was in use, then the isolate should have been observed in two separately collected sets of blood cultures, rather than in two bottles of one set, to make certain...References1. MartinPfallerWenzler MMR. Coagulase-negative staphylococcal bacteremia: mortality and hospital stay. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:9-16. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FordhamReynLevyArbeitFriedlandCrumpacker KCBRGC. Infective endocarditis: an analysis based on strict case definitions. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:505-18. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Peter Collignon, MB, BS, BSc (Med.)Affiliations: Woden Valley and Royal Canberra Hospitals Woden Australia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIntravascular catheter associated sepsis: a common problemBacteraemia and Fungaemia in an Australian General Hospital — Associations and Outcomes 1 June 1989Volume 110, Issue 11Page: 945-946KeywordsBacteremiaBloodMortalitySepsis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) plus docetaxel significantly improves time to progression (TTP) compared with docetaxel (D) monotherapy in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) treated with adjuvant anthracycline: results from a randomized phase 3 study.
Authors: J Sparano, A Makhson, V Semiglazov, S Tjulandin, O Balashova, I Bondarenko, N Bogdanova, V Chatikhine, S Zhuang, L Xiu, Z Yuan, W Rackoff
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #80 Background: Earlier studies have showed that PLD (DOXIL®/CAELYX®) has comparable efficacy but is significantly less cardiotoxic than conventional doxorubicin for the treatment of ABC. We sought to determine whether women with ABC who had relapsed at least 1 year after prior adjuvant anthracycline would derive clinical benefit from the addition of PLD to D without an increase in cardiac toxicity.&amp;#x2028; Methods: 751 pts were randomly assigned to receive either D 75 mg/m2 (N=373) or PLD 30 mg/m2 followed by D 60 mg/m2 (N=378) on Day 1 every 21 days. Treatment was to continue until disease progression or the occurrence of unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was TTP and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), cardiac and overall safety. The analysis for TTP was planned after approximately 485 events and for final OS after 485 deaths.&amp;#x2028; Results: This prespecified TTP analysis was performed after 555 TTP events. Median TTP was increased from 7.0 months for D, to 9.8 months for the PLD+D (HR=0.65; 95% CI 1.41, 2.35; P=0.000001), and the ORR was also significantly improved for the PLD+D (26% vs. 35% P=0.0085). OS was similar between the two arms at the time of this interim analysis with 374 (50%) total deaths (HR=1.06; 95% CI 0.86;1.30). Both groups received a median of 6 cycles. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was reported in 66% and 65% of pts on PLD+D arm and D arm, respectively; the incidence of pts with febrile neutropenia was 7% and 6%, respectively, and the overall incidence of pts with grade 3-4 drug-related adverse events was 74% and 66%, respectively. There was no increase in cardiac toxicity, as determined by reported cardiac adverse events or LVEF measurements in the PLD+D arm compared with the D arm. Congestive heart failure was reported in 3 (1%) pts in the PLD+D arm and 4 (1%) pts in the D arm. Grade 3/4 hand-foot syndrome (HFS) and stomatitis were reported for 24% and 11% of PLD+D pts and infrequently in the D group (1% and 1%, respectively).&amp;#x2028; Discussion: Treatment with PLD+D combination results in statistically significant improvement of TTP and ORR compared with D among pts with ABC without an increased risk of cardiac toxicity. Additional follow-up is needed to determine the impact of the combination on OS. HFS and stomatitis occurred more often in pts treated with PLD+D therapy. The addition of PLD to a D-based regimen is a safe and effective option for pts with ABC previously treated with adjuvant anthracycline regimens. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 80.
Coexistence of Prader-Willi Syndrome, Congenital Ectropion Uveae With Glaucoma, and Factor XI Deficiency
Authors: Walter Futterweit
Journal: JAMA (1986)

A patient with Prader-Willi syndrome and unilateral congenital ectropion uveae with glaucoma was found to have factor XI deficiency and reduced levels of serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone. Administration of gonadorelin (LH-RH) increased serum levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, while clomiphene citrate had no effect, suggesting a primary hypothalamic defect. Patients with congenital ectropion uveae should be followed up for the development of both glaucoma and neural crest disorders. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;255:3280-3282)
IMPACT OF C34T P2Y12 ADP RECEPTOR POLYMORPHISM AND SMOKING STATUS ON CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS RECEIVING CLOPIDOGREL
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitris Tousoulis, Stamatios Kioufis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Marina Zaromitidou, Eleni Kokkou, Konstantinos Maniatis, Antigoni Miliou, Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Panagiotis Tourikis, Konstantinos Zisimos, Savvas Mazaris, Theodosia Konsola, Christodoulos I Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)