tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Human Insulin Analogue Aspart Is Not the Almighty Solution for Insulin Allergy
Authors: Hiroshi Takata, Yoshitaka Kumon, Fumiaki Osaki, Chizuru Kumagai, Kaoru Arii, Yukio Ikeda, Tadashi Suehiro, Kozo Hashimoto
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Although human insulin is beneficial for most diabetic patients, some patients suffer from an allergy to exogenous insulin. Human insulin analogues, lispro or aspart, have been well tolerated in cases of insulin allergy. However, we report herein the first case of allergy to both lispro and aspart.

A 53-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes for the past 3 years consulted our hospital for management of uncontrolled diabetes. Her postprandial blood glucose level was 12.9 mmol/l, and her HbA1c level was 10.2%. She was initially treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (voglibose, glimepiride, metformin, and pioglitazone), which led to a decrease in …
Efficacy of a novel P-selectin antagonist, rPSGL-Ig for reperfusion therapy in acute myocardial infarction: The RAPSODY trial
Authors: Jean-François Tanguay, Mitchell W. Krucoff, Raymond J. Gibbons, Eduardo Chavez, Alvaro Sosa Liprandi, Victor Molina-Viamonte, Philip E. Aylward, Jose Luis Lopez-Sendon, D.Scott Holloway, Kathy Shields, Jenny S. Yu, Evan Loh, Kenneth W. Baran, Vasanth K. Bethala, Alec Vahanian, Harvey D. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO NAIL POLISH
Authors: Francis A. Ellis
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Contact dermatitis due to nail polish probably is more common than the number of reported cases indicates. The 5 cases reported here illustrate the necessity for considering nail polish as a cause of dermatitis on the eyelids, face, neck and arms. Even though the patient has used the polish for years with impunity, it may still be the contact irritant. Silver and Chiego<sup>1</sup>attempted to sensitize guinea pigs to nail lacquers without success. Five thousand patch tests with nail lacquers and various constituents of the finished product resulted in negative reactions to the finished enamels and some plus-minus to "1 plus reactions" to certain dyes. They suggested that the other ingredients protected the skin from the dyes. Silver and Chiego found the report of only 1 case on nail lacquer dermatitis, but from the random statements in the literature they inferred that nail lacquers are possible causative agents for
Metronidazole Treatment Of Amebic Abscess
Authors: John P. Canby
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A dilemma posed by Stillman et al (229:71, 1974) in the treatment of hepatic amebic abscess results from the "failure" of the "drug of choice," metronidazole. I spent two years in Thailand, partly in association with Dr. Wilde, and participated in the treatment of a number of patients with amebic abscess and hepatitis.<sup>1</sup>Since we had no such dilemma, it might be of value to point out some of our principles of therapy, which, incidentally, are very similar to those of the Thais, who have a great deal of experience with these diseases. We had noted clinically that metronidazole could not be relied on exclusively for cures. We therefore used emetine, chloroquine, or tetracycline for our primary drugs. We did not routinely aspirate or drain abscesses because medical therapy was entirely adequate and the Thais believe that aspiration is contraindicated. I submit that in this disease
Pancreatitis After Administration of Sulindac
Authors: Edward L. Lilly
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Sulindac (Clinoril) has produced peptic-type gastrointestinal side effects, but to a lesser degree than other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.<sup>1</sup>Pancreatitis had not been observed as a complication of sulindac therapy until a recent report<sup>2</sup>appeared of a patient in whom pancreatitis developed. The following case is reported as an example of pancreatitis that occurred after rechallenge with sulindac. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 58-year-old woman experienced sharp, midepigastric abdominal pain with nausea, eight episodes of vomiting, and loose bowel movements after eating a large, greasy meal the night before admission. She does not drink alcohol but had been taking hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg/day, for 11 years for mild primary hypertension and ten to 12 aspirin tablets per day for several years because of degenerative arthritis of the knees and hips. She had been given sulindac, 200 mg twice a day, 23 days previously because her symptoms responded
Increased Utilization of Primary Care 5 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Martin C. Gulliford, Judith Charlton, Radoslav Latinovic
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

OBJECTIVE—To determine whether case subjects who were later diagnosed with type 2 diabetes utilized primary care differently from control subjects who remained free from diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We conducted a matched cohort study using the U.K. General Practice Research Database. Case subjects were aged 30–89 years, diagnosed with diabetes, and later prescribed oral hypoglycemic drugs between 1997 and 2000. Control subjects, who were matched for age, sex, and general practice, were not diagnosed with diabetes and not treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin. RESULTS—Data were analyzed for 5,158 case subjects (2,492 women and 2,666 men) and their matched control subjects with a mean age of 63 years. Five years before the date of diagnosis, case subjects consulted more frequently than control subjects (rate ratio [RR] 1.26 [95% CI 1.20–1.33]) and received more prescription items (1.44 [1.36–1.53]). Consultations were increased for a wide range of conditions. The cumulative 5-year prevalence of diagnoses of hypertension or treatment, hyperlipidemia or treatment, obesity, or coronary heart disease or stroke was 66.1% in case subjects and 45.9% in control subjects (1.44 [1.40–1.49]). A medical diagnosis of hyperglycemia or impaired glucose tolerance was highly (&amp;gt;99%) specific for later diagnosis of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS—Primary care consultations and drug utilization are increased from 5 years before diagnosis of diabetes. Diagnoses of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or coronary heart disease or stroke have moderate sensitivity for subsequent diabetes but are nonspecific. A diagnosis of hyperglycemia has a high specificity for later detection of diabetes.
Characterization of Atrioventricular Nodal Behavior and Ventricular Response During Atrial Fibrillation Before and After a Selective Slow-Pathway Ablation
Authors: Zalmen Blanck, Anwer A. Dhala, Jasbir Sra, Sanjay S. Deshpande, Alfred J. Anderson, Masood Akhtar, Mohammad R. Jazayeri
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The presence of atrioventricular nodal dual-pathway physiology in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) provides an opportunity to characterize the effect of a selective slow-pathway ablation on the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF). This may have important clinical implications for the nonpharmacological management of AF with a rapid ventricular rate. Methods and Results Selective radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular nodal slow pathway was performed with a stepwise approach in patients with documented sustained AVNRT. The AV nodal conduction properties and refractoriness and the ventricular rate during induced AF were assessed at baseline and under autonomic blockade before and after a selective slow-pathway ablation in 18 patients (mean age, 34±8 years). Sustained AVNRT was induced with a mean cycle length of 339±58 ms. A slow-pathway ablation was successfully achieved with 5±4 applications of radiofrequency energy. The shortest cycle length of 1:1 AV conduction and the AV nodal effective refractory period significantly prolonged after ablation (367±53 versus 403±55 ms, P &lt;.0001, and 258±55 versus 292±74 ms, P &lt;.05, respectively). Selective slow-pathway ablation significantly prolonged the mean (526±93 versus 612±107 ms, P &lt;.0001), the shortest (378±59 versus 423±73 ms, P &lt;.0001), and the longest (826±150 versus 969±226 ms, P &lt;.01) cycle lengths of the ventricular response to AF. Significant slowing of the ventricular rate during AF occurred in 13 patients (72%), including all eight patients in whom AV nodal dual-pathway physiology was abolished. Five patients did not have a significant change in the ventricular rate during AF; a persistent dual AV nodal pathway physiology was demonstrable in four of these patients. Loss of dual-pathway physiology after ablation had a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 80%, and positive predictive value of 91% for slowing the ventricular rate during AF. Conclusions In patients undergoing a slow-pathway ablation for control of AVNRT, selective slow-pathway ablation may cause a significant decrease in the ventricular rate during AF. These effects are primarily due to the prolongation of AV nodal conduction properties and refractory period of the residual AV nodal transmission system. These findings may have important therapeutic implications for the nonpharmacological treatment of AF, particularly in patients with underlying dual AV nodal physiology.
Whole-genome sequencing of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains identifies compensatory mutations in RNA polymerase genes
Authors: Iñaki Comas, Sonia Borrell, Andreas Roetzer, Graham Rose, Bijaya Malla, Midori Kato-Maeda, James Galagan, Stefan Niemann, Sebastien Gagneux
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Reactions and counter-reactions to transfusion-associated—AIDS
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1984)

As of late December, 38 cases of transfusion-associated-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (TA-AIDS), seven in infants, had been reported in the United States among individuals not in any known high-risk group for AIDS. Thirteen of the 31 adults and four of the infants have died. According to James W. Curran, MD, AIDS activity director at the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, some of the cases were mentioned in the<i>Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report</i>(<i>MMWR</i>) of March 4, 1983. These, along with others, comprise the 18 described in detail by Curran and colleagues (from the CDC and elsewhere) in the Jan 12 issue of the<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>(<i>NEJM</i>). An update on these cases, plus 20 previously unreported, has just appeared in the<i>MMWR</i>. Curran told<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS that he and more than a dozen colleagues are in the process of analyzing all known occurrences of TA-AIDS by
ROLE OF THE PHYSICIAN IN INDUSTRY IN THE CONTROL OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASES
Authors: GEORGE MORRIS PIERSOL
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The prevention and control of acute disease of the respiratory tract is the most serious problem and at the same time the most urgent challenge that today confronts medicine in general and industrial medicine in particular. Although diseases and injuries of occupational origin have long claimed the chief interest and attention of physicians in industry, it is now well established and generally recognized that in their frequency and importance nonoccupational diseases far outweigh those conditions which arise from industry. The latter are chiefly responsible for the stupendous losses in both time and money to employer and employee alike that have already been so well emphasized. This is strikingly illustrated in a report made by Newquist of the American College of Surgeons, in which a comparison is drawn between time lost per employee annually from occupational diseases as compared with the loss from nonindustrial diseases and injuries among 352,591 workers employed
Incidence of carcinoma in situ of germ cells in contralateral testis of men with testicular tumours.
Authors: J G Berthelsen, N E Skakkebaek, P Mogensen, B L Sorensen
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Biopsy specimens from the contralateral testicle in 50 consecutive patients with germinal testicular cancer were examined for carcinoma in situ. Three out of 21 men with seminomas and one out of 29 with other types of germinal cancer (8%) had carcinoma in situ in the contralateral testicle without any clinical signs. One of these men developed early invasive germ-cell cancer 46 months after carcinoma in situ was first diagnosed. The others have been followed up for less than a year without signs of tumour growth. If these results are confirmed routine biopsy of the contralateral testicle in patients with germinal cancer may be indicated.
INITIAL INFECTION WITH TUBERCULOSIS AND SUBSEQUENT LESIONS
Authors: Hans Jacob Ustvedt
Journal: JAMA (1935)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In their paper on the effect of initial tuberculous infection on subsequent tuberculous lesions (The Journal, Nov. 17, 1934, p. 1530) Myers and Harrington state that "the chances of positive and negative reactors to tuberculin of developing clinical disease in the next few years are five or ten to one in favor of the positive group," and based on these statements they draw their conclusions as to the importance of allergy. But the comparison which the authors make between the morbidity in these two groups must be said not to permit any conclusions as to the risk of contracting tuberculous disease, as the two groups cannot be compared. A direct comparison would be possible only if all the individuals in the negative group were exposed to tuberculous infection during the period of observation. Tuberculin-negative individuals who are not exposed to infection cannot be expected to develop clinical
Psoriasis: response to high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in three patients
Authors: V. Gurmin, R. Mediwake, M. Fernando, S. Whittaker, M.H.A. Rustin, H.L.C. Beynon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Psoriasis: response to high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin in three patients Get access V. Gurmin, V. Gurmin Departments of Rheumatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Mediwake, R. Mediwake Departments of Rheumatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Fernando, M. Fernando Departments of Rheumatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Whittaker, S. Whittaker Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.H.A. Rustin, M.H.A. Rustin Dermatology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.L.C. Beynon H.L.C. Beynon Departments of Rheumatology and Dr H.L.C.Beynon. E‐mail: beynon@uk‐consultants.co.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 3, 1 September 2002, Pages 554–557, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04753.x Published: 01 September 2002 Article history Accepted: 07 January 2002 Published: 01 September 2002
Iron Fortification of Wheat Flour
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  Dr. Butterworth is aware that iron-deficiency anemia is not diagnosed byanymeasurement of hemoglobin. Many diseases can cause anemia. Serum iron is a better index of iron deficiency than hemoglobin is. Using figures from the Ten-State Survey1and from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES),2one can demonstrate that these women with anemiaandlow serum iron values comprise only 1% of those tested. It is obvious that this calculation errs by understating the amount of iron deficiency. Both exaggerations, the 23% and the 1%, indicate that the standards and conclusions of the two surveys were not scientifically derived nor wisely interpreted. It is equally unwise and unscientific to employ such information as a data base from which to mandate increases of iron in the American diet.  Dr. Butterworth chides me for implying that this program would increase the iron in diets to
Proceedings of the IASLC International Workshop on Advances in Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumors 2007
Authors: Eric Lim, Peter Goldstraw, Andrew G. Nicholson, William D. Travis, James R. Jett, Piero Ferolla, Jamshed Bomanji, Valerie W. Rusch, Hisao Asamura, Britt Skogseid, Eric Baudin, Martyn Caplin, Dik Kwekkeboom, Elisabeth Brambilla, John Crowley
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
How to live forever: lessons of history
Authors: S. Shapin, C. Martyn
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Living forever is much in the news these days.Scarcely a week goes by without the papers, the television, and the internet holding out new and plausible hopes that the matter is now well in hand, a technical breakthrough away.Maybe you can get your telomere shrinkage reversed. 1Perhaps it's just a question of taking control of p21 gene expression. 2Possibly stem cell transplantation will do the trick. 3Politicians set their seal of approval on the promises of biomedical expertise.On the day that the decoding of the human genome was officially announced 85% complete, President Clinton declared "Our children's children may know cancer only as a constellation in the night sky."But living forever has always been in the news.The expectations that we are now encouraged to have of biomedical expertise have been experienced many times before.
alpha1 Antitrypsin deficiency in a patient with systemic vasculitis and primary Sjogren's syndrome
Authors: F D Lindstrom
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

The internal homoeostasis in man is critically dependent on regulation of proteolytic enzymes in tissues and fluids by endogenous inhibitors. α1 Antitrypsin is the most abundant protease inhibitor (Pi) in plasma, and controls tissue degradation by proteases such as trypsin, neutrophil elastase, and proteinase 3.1 Homozygous α1 antitrypsin deficiency is known to predispose to emphysema and chronic liver disease.2,3 Recently, a strong correlation has been found between systemic small vessel necrotising vasculitis and both heterozygous and homozygous α1 antitrypsin deficiency.4 Also, such deficiency has been found to confer a more disseminated disease and worse prognosis to patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positive vasculitis.5

However, there is disagreement about the clinical implication of an intermediate α1 antitrypsin deficiency: is it an accidental finding or does it imply susceptibility to autoimmune disease? Thus, reports have …
New Standards Reduce Heparin Potency
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2009)

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Functional Coupling of p38-Induced Up-regulation of BiP and Activation of RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase–Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase to Drug Resistance of Dormant Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Aparna C. Ranganathan, Lin Zhang, Alejandro P. Adam, Julio A. Aguirre-Ghiso
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract It has been proposed that occult, disseminated metastatic cells are refractory to chemotherapy due to lack of proliferation. We have shown that p38 activation induces dormancy of squamous carcinoma cells. We now show that p38 signaling in these cells activates a prosurvival mechanism via the up-regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone BiP and increased activation of the ER stress–activated eukaryotic translation initiator factor 2α kinase RNA-dependent protein kinase–like ER kinase (PERK) allowing dormant tumor cells to resist drug toxicity. RNA interference and dominant-negative expression studies revealed that both BiP and PERK signaling promote survival and drug resistance of dormant cells, and that BiP up-regulation prevents Bax activation. We propose that stress-dependent activation of p38 via BiP up-regulation and PERK activation protects dormant tumor cells from stress insults, such as chemotherapy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1702-1711)
THE RELATIONSHIP OF TOXIC FRACTIONS OF A FILTRATE OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS TYPE A TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS
Authors: Oswald H. Ganley, Donald J. Merchant, David F. Bohr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

A crude filtrate from a culture of Clostridium perfringens, type A, was fractionated by a heavy metal-alcohol technique, and some degree of concentration of biologically active factors was achieved. Both the crude material and the fractions obtained were characterized in terms of their alpha toxin, theta toxin, hyaluronidase, and collagenase activities. The filtrate and fractions were tested for their effect on the peripheral circulation of the rat, using the epinephrine threshold technique. The crude material and several fractions caused a sharp increase in epinephrine sensitivity of the capillary bed of the meso-appendix of the rat; fraction R3B1 giving an 86-fold increase in sensitivity. This reaction could be inhibited by specific antitoxic serums but not by normal serum. The "circulation factor" was shown to be heat-labile and appears to be independent of either the alpha or theta toxins. Bilateral nephrectomy greatly reduced, but did not abolish, the effect of the toxin, while the threshold response to epinephrine was not materially changed following bilateral adrenalectomy. The crude filtrate and several fractions were shown to inhibit the phagocytosis of heat-killed B. anthracis to the extent of 40 to 50 per cent. Fraction R3C2 was devoid of all biological properties studied here, except phagocytosis inhibition, suggesting that the factor responsible for this activity is distinct from the "classical" toxins and the "circulation factor." Moreover, a 1:5000 dilution of an antiserum prepared against this fraction would completely neutralize the phagocytosis inhibition factor but failed to inhibit any of the other toxic activities. Since cardiovascular collapse and absence of phagocytosis are two significant clinical findings in gas gangrene, the possible roles of the "circulation" and "phagocytosis inhibition" factors in the pathogenesis of this disease are discussed.