tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Deafness in Paget's diseases: effect of salmon calcitonin treatment.
Authors: P M Grimaldi, S M Mohamedally, N J Woodhouse
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Deafness commonly accompanies Paget's disease in the skull.The deafness may be conductive or sensorineural but is usually mixed.'Theoretically treatment with calcitonin might be expected to improve hearing as this hormone reduces the raised turnover and vascularity of the diseased bone tissue and may also produce radiological remodel- ling of the bone.2We investigated this possibility in 10 patients with Paget's disease who were treated with salmon calcitonin for 12 to 62 weeks (mean 41 weeks). Patients, Methods, and ResultsSix of the 10 patients had radiological evidence of Paget's disease in the skull.A full otological and audiometric assessment was performed, and at least four daily urine collections were assayed for total hydroxyproline in each patient before and about every three months during treatment.Salmon calcitonin solution (Calcimar, Armour) 100 M.R.C. units (about 25 gg) was given subcutaneously by self administration daily as a single or divided injection.The results of treatment are shown in the table.There was no subjective or objective improvement in hearing in any patient. Myasthenia Syndrome during Penicillamine TreatmentThis article reports some observations made in a boy who developed a myasthenic syndrome after treatment with D-penicillamine. Case ReportThis 13-year-old boy was admitted to hospital in March 1972 after his 16-year-old brother had died from Wilson's disease.At that time he felt
One-year clinical outcome after successful percutaneous coronary interventions on chronic total occlusions: results from a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Zoran Olivari, Federico Piscione, Paolo Rubartelli, Massimo Dúrbano, Leonardo Paloscia, Cinzia Marozzini, Silvio Tolaro, Giuseppe De Luca, Paolo Giudice
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Differences in Mouse Allergen Levels Among High and Low Asthma Prevalence Neighborhoods in New York City
Authors: O.E. Olmedo, L. Acosta, I.F. Goldstein, A. Divjan, A.G. Rundle, G.L. Chew, R.B. Mellins, L. Hoepner, F.P. Perera, R.L. Miller, J.S. Jacobson, M.S. Perzanowski
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Bone Marrow Visualization During Technetium-99m DTPA Renal Imaging in Septicemia and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: GLENN ROUSSEAU, WEI-JEN SHIH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

A patient is presented with acute renal failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation due to Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, whose bone marrow of the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and pelvis was clearly visualized in a Tc-99m DTPA renal flow study. Such visualization may be secondary to increased bone marrow blood flow associated with augmentation of hematopoeisis.
Projections for the Generalist Physician Workforce
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The argument by Dr Whitcomb<sup>1</sup>that the number of generalist physicians in the United States is adequate is flawed for four reasons. First, it adheres slavishly to the physician-population ratio as an instrument of public policy. I pointed out in 1975 that there was no correlation between the physician-population ratio and the quality of care both cross-nationally and within the United States.<sup>2</sup>This ratio also ignores maldistribution between generalists and specialists and by geography. More important, Whitcomb's interpretation comparing generalist physician-population ratios between countries is misleading because it ignores the total number of physicians in the workforce. England is a case in point; while its generalist-population ratio is only 54:100 000, generalists comprise 59% of the physician workforce. In the United States, where the ratio is 69:100 000, generalists comprise only 34% of the workforce. Second, cross-national comparisons of physician workforces are fraught with danger
Type 1 Diabetes and Interferon Therapy
Authors: Kan Nakamura, Eiji Kawasaki, Akihisa Imagawa, Takuya Awata, Hiroshi Ikegami, Yasuko Uchigata, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Akira Shimada, Koji Nakanishi, Hideichi Makino, Taro Maruyama, Toshiaki Hanafusa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

Interferon therapy can trigger induction of several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes. To assess the clinical, immunologic, and genetic characteristics of type 1 diabetes induced by interferon therapy, we conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey.Clinical characteristics, anti-islet autoantibodies, and HLA-DR typing were examined in 91 patients for whom type 1 diabetes developed during or shortly after interferon therapy.Median age at the onset of type 1 diabetes was 56 (interquartile range 48-63) years and mean ± SD BMI was 20.8 ± 2.7 kg/m(2). The time period from the initiation of interferon therapy to type 1 diabetes onset in patients receiving pegylated interferon and ribavirin was significantly shorter than that in patients with nonpegylated interferon single therapy (P < 0.05). Anti-islet autoantibodies were detected in 94.5% of patients at diabetes onset. Type 1 diabetes susceptibility HLA-DRs in the Japanese population, DR4 and DR9, were also associated with interferon treatment-related type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, the prevalence of HLA-DR13 was significantly higher in interferon treatment-related type 1 diabetes than in healthy control subjects (odds ratio 3.80 [95% CI 2.20-7.55]; P < 0.0001) and classical type 1 diabetes (2.15 [1.17-3.93]; P < 0.05).Anti-islet autoantibodies should be investigated before and during interferon therapy to identify subjects at high risk of type 1 diabetes. Stronger antiviral treatment may induce earlier development of type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, patients who develop interferon-induced type 1 diabetes are genetically susceptible.
When laboratories report estimated glomerular filtration rates in addition to serum creatinines, nephrology consults increase
Authors: Arsh K. Jain, Ian McLeod, Cindy Huo, Meaghan S. Cuerden, Ayub Akbari, Marcello Tonelli, Carl van Walraven, Rob R. Quinn, Brenda Hemmelgarn, Matt J. Oliver, Ping Li, Amit X. Garg
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
DISORDERS OF THE HAIR AND THEIR TREATMENT BEFORE THE 18TH CENTURY.
Authors: BETHEL SOLOMONS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article DISORDERS OF THE HAIR AND THEIR TREATMENT BEFORE THE 18TH CENTURY. Get access BETHEL SOLOMONS BETHEL SOLOMONS Chelmaford and Essex Hospital, Essex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 2, 1 February 1966, Pages 113–120, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12184.x Published: 01 February 1966
ACUTE RHEUMATISM IN CHILDREN.Read in the Section of Diseases of Children, at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Nashville, Tenn., May, 1890.
Authors: FRANK S. PARSONS
Journal: JAMA (1890)

It is not my intention in this paper to enter into a discussion of all the etiological factors or the theories of blood changes occurring in acute rheumatism; neither can I offer anything especially new in the study of this disease; but I propose to outline the main points of interest which may arise in connection with acute rheumatism as observed in children, contrasted to those observed in adults. The study of acute rheumatism in children comprises a far wider range of territory, and gives us a more complete conception of its nature, than in the cases of adults. The finely organized and delicate tissues of a child offer a more extended area for the distribution of rheumatic disturbances. Its pathological range is not limited to the fibro-serous structures so uniformly, but may also comprise the mucous membranes and the skin. The statement that acute rheumatism in children is
Management of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Combination Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting β-Agonists: A Review of Comparative Effectiveness Research
Authors: Douglas W. Mapel, Melissa H. Roberts
Journal: Drugs (2014)

The value of combination therapy with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β-agonists (ICS/LABA) is well recognized in the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite differences in the pharmacological properties between two well-established ICS/LABA products (budesonide/formoterol and fluticasone/salmeterol), data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses suggest that these two products perform similarly under RCT conditions. In contrast, a few recently reported real-world comparative effectiveness studies have suggested that there are substantial differences between ICS/LABA combination treatments in terms of clinical and healthcare outcomes in patients with asthma or COPD. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief review of the benefits, as well as the limitations, of comparative effectiveness research (CER) in the therapeutic area of asthma and COPD. We conducted a structured literature review of the current CER studies on ICS/LABA combinations in asthma and COPD. These articles were then used to illustrate the unique challenges of CER studies, providing a summary of study results and limitations. We focus particularly on difficult biases and confounding factors that may be introduced before, during, and after the initiation of therapy. Beyond being a review of these two ICS/LABA combination treatments, this article is intended to help those who wish to assess the quality of CER published projects in asthma and COPD, or guide investigators who wish to design new CER studies for chronic respiratory disease treatments.
The Use of CT and Scintigraphy in Diagnosing a Cystic Ameloblastoma of the Jaw
Authors: HITOSHI SHIBUYA, KAORU HANAFUSA, MANALJAV SHAGDARSUREN, NORIHIKO OKADA, SOJI SUZUKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

The results of CT and bone scintigraphy of eight patients with a histologically proven cystic ameloblastoma of the jaw are reviewed. CT imaging revealed unilocular and multilocular cystic lesions with well-defined thin cystic borders in all patients. CT also detected increased density in the bone marrow adjacent to the cystic radiolucent lesion, suggesting that the ameloblastoma had spread into the cancellous bone. Further, nuclear bone scans showed a doughnut-shaped pattern in all cases and radioactivity beyond the cystic wall, indicating intramedullary extension of the ameloblastoma. The use of these two modalities was found to be complementary in delineating the full nature and extent of the pathologic lesion.
Deaths From Asbestos: One Physician's Practice
Authors: D. Jackson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Drs Landrigan and Baker<sup>1</sup>prompted me to review the causes of death in my patients who have been exposed to asbestos. There were some 265 patients known to have had such exposure. The occupation of these individuals included insulators, refinery workers, construction workers, workers in shipyards (during World War II), a clerk in a warehouse for storing asbestos, and an inspector in a plant where brake linings were manufactured. The Table lists salient facts about 19 of these patients who have died. The high incidence of malignancy as cause of death in 17 (90%) of these 19 patients is striking. By contrast, in Harris County, Texas, where most of the above cohort lived and worked, a total of 9838 men died in 1990; in 2103 (21.4%) of these, malignancy was the cause of death (L. Carmichael, oral communication, April 1992, Texas Department of
Initial Experience With Biodegradable Stents in the Treatment of Refractary Benign Gastrointestinal Strictures
Authors: M.J. Rodríguez Sánchez, B. López Viedma, Galván Fernández, R. Lorente Poyatos, F. Domper Bardají, E. de la Santa Belda, R. Patón Arenas, A. Bouhmidi Assakali, M. Alonso La Blanca, A. Hernández Albujar, C. Verdejo Gil, J. Olmedo Camacho, E. Rodríguez Sánchez
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2011)
Soluble form of P-selectin in plasma is elevated in acute lung injury.
Authors: F Sakamaki, A Ishizaka, M Handa, S Fujishima, T Urano, K Sayama, H Nakamura, M Kanazawa, T Kawashiro, M Katayama
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

A number of adhesion molecules on neutrophils and the pulmonary capillary endothelium mediate the neutrophil accumulation in the lungs at the onset of adult respiratory distress syndrome or acute lung injury (ALI). P-selectin, located on both vascular endothelial cells and platelets, has been shown to be one of these neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion molecules. In this study, we measured the soluble form of P-selectin in plasma (PPS) from 19 patients (surviving, 11; deceased, 8) with ALI due to various causes and assessed the clinical significance of this measurement. Twelve healthy subjects and 29 patients with other pulmonary diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 8), sarcoidosis (n = 5), pneumonia (n = 8), and sepsis without ALI (n = 8) were also studied for comparison. PPS in patients with ALI (474.5 +/- 366.8 ng/ml, mean +/- SD) were significantly higher than those in control subjects (98.8 +/- 39.7, p < 0.01) and in patients with IPF (210.4 +/- 76.6, p < 0.05), sarcoidosis (135.2 +/- 71.5, p < 0.05), pneumonia (225.3 +/- 81.0, p < 0.05), and sepsis without ALI (271.8 +/- 46.5, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in PPS levels between seven patients with and 12 patients without multiple organ failure. Lung injury scores correlated significantly with the PPS level (r = 0.605, p < 0.05). PPS levels of deceased patients with ALI (841.0 +/- 252.4) were significantly higher than those of surviving patients with ALI (208.0 +/- 109.2, p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Treatment of Typhoid Fever with Chloromycetin
Authors: Gustaf W. Erickson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

IN THE summer of 1949, 4 patients with typhoid fever were admitted to Belmont Hospital. All were treated with Chloromycetin. One patient (Case 4), a forty-four-year-old woman who died less than forty-eight hours after admission, had other conditions that were responsible for her death. The other 3 cases responded dramatically to Chloromycetin.The first patient had an acute attack of typhoid fever. The second patient was the sister of the first and was asymptomatic; this case was discovered as a result of routine stool examinations. The third patient had been treated previously at another hospital and had a relapse of . . .
Effect of soy protein foods on low-density lipoprotein oxidation and ex vivo sex hormone receptor activity—A controlled crossover trial
Authors: David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Marcella Garsetti, Rachel S. Rosenberg-Zand, Chung-Ja Jackson, Sanjiv Agarwal, A. Venket Rao, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Tina Parker, Dorothea Faulkner, Vladimir Vuksan, Edward Vidgen
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
Evidence for 15-HETE synthesis by human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Authors: R R Gorman, T D Oglesby, G L Bundy, N K Hopkins
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Incubation of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells with [1-14C]-arachidonic acid, followed by RP-HPLC analysis, resulted in the appearance of two principal radioactive products besides 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. The first peak was HHT, a hydrolysis product of the prostaglandin endoperoxide. The second peak was esterified, converted to the trimethylsilyl ether derivative, and analyzed by GC/MS and was shown to be the lipoxygenase product 15-HETE. Stimulation of endothelial cells with thrombin enhanced 15-HETE synthesis from arachidonate. Subsequent experiments showed that 5-HETE and 12-HETE were also synthesized by endothelial cells, but no evidence of leukotriene synthesis was found. Incubation of the 15-HETE precursor 15-HPETE with endothelial cells resulted in the formation of four distinct ultraviolet light-absorbing peaks. Ultraviolet and GC/MS analysis showed these peaks to be 8,15-diHETEs that differed only in their hydroxyl configuration and cis-trans double-bond geometry. Formation of 8,15-diHETE molecules suggests the prior formation of the unstable epoxide molecule 14,15-LTA4 or an attack at C-10 of 15-HPETE by an enzyme with mechanistic features in common with a 12-lipoxygenase. The observation that endothelial cells can synthesize both 15-HETE and 8,15-diHETE molecules suggest that this cell type contains both a 15-lipoxygenase and a system that can synthesize 14,15-LTA4.
Sex Differences in Mortality of People Who Visited Emergency Rooms for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: JORDI SUNYER, JOSEP M. ANTÓ, DAVE MCFARLANE, ANTONIA DOMINGO, AURELIO TOBÍAS, MARIA-ANTONIA BARCELÓ, ALVARO MÚÑOZ
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We assess the sex differences in mortality in a population-based cohort of those Barcelona residents older than 14 yr of age who received emergency room services (ERS) for either chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, during the period from 1985 to 1989. Vital status was followed to the end of 1995. A total of 15,517 individuals, 9,918 males and 5,599 females were included in the study. Asthma was diagnosed in 16% of males and 53% of females. Overall, 50% of males and 30% of females died during the follow-up period. The mortality rates in both males and females who visited emergency rooms for COPD or asthma were significantly higher than the expected rates in the general population. These relative increases in the mortality rates were significantly higher in females than in males for both causes of death, COPD (age-adjusted female/male ratio = 2.39), and asthma (ratio = 3.95). However, survival was better in females than males among individuals in the study. The higher fatality in males than females was observed for all causes of death, all respiratory causes, and COPD (risk ratio among patients with COPD = 0.42, 0.29–0.59, and among patients with asthma = 0.11, 0.02–0.60), but not for asthma. Mortality for asthma was higher in females with a diagnosis of COPD (2.79, 1.52–5.13), but it was not different among individuals in whom asthma was diagnosed (1.02, 0.56–1.87). Greater severity of COPD in males than in females could explain a higher risk of dying for all respiratory causes and COPD in males. The increased risk of asthma death in females may be due to problems of coding the term "asthma" in death certificates. The higher rates in females than in males when comparing with the general population, may be an expression of a greater similarity in risk factors, such as smoking, in our population than in males and females of the general population.
Influence of Human OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP1A2 on the Pharmacokinetics of Methotrexate and Paclitaxel in Humanized Transgenic Mice
Authors: Evita van de Steeg, Anita van Esch, Els Wagenaar, Kathryn E. Kenworthy, Alfred H. Schinkel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) drug uptake transporters are thought to play an important role in drug pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics. We aimed to determine the influence of the individual human OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP1A2 transporters on the in vivo disposition of the anticancer drugs methotrexate and paclitaxel by using liver-specific humanized OATP1A/1B transgenic mice.Wild-type, Slco1a/1b(-/-) (Oatp1a/1b knockout), Slco1a/1b(-/-);1B1(tg), Slco1a/1b(-/-);1B3(tg), and newly generated Slco1a/1b(-/-);1A2(tg) (humanized OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP1A2 transgenic) mice were characterized biochemically and physiologically, and subsequently intravenously dosed with methotrexate or paclitaxel (2 or 10 mg/kg each) for pharmacokinetic analyses.Humanized OATP1B1, OATP1B3, and OATP1A2 transgenic mice all showed partial or complete rescue of increased plasma bilirubin levels, but also of the increased plasma levels and decreased liver and small intestinal accumulation of methotrexate observed in Slco1a/1b(-/-) mice. Furthermore, hepatic expression of OATP1B3 and OATP1A2, but not OATP1B1, resulted in increased liver uptake of paclitaxel (2 mg/kg). At 10 mg/kg, a modest effect of only OATP1A2 on paclitaxel liver uptake was observed.Human OATP1A/1B transporters play an important role in plasma and tissue distribution of the structurally diverse chemotherapeutics methotrexate (organic anion) and paclitaxel (hydrophobic, bulky). Variation in OATP1A/1B activity due to genetic variation and pharmacologic inhibition, or differences in tumor-specific expression levels might therefore affect plasma, tissue, and tumor levels of these drugs in patients, and hence their therapeutic efficacy. Humanized transgenic OATP1A/1B mice will provide excellent tools to further study these aspects in vivo for many (anticancer) drugs.
Inhibitory activity of dioxolane purine analogs on wild-type and lamivudine-resistant mutants of hepadnaviruses
Authors: Béatrice Seignères, Christian Pichoud, Perrine Martin, Philip Furman, Christian Trépo, Fabien Zoulim
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

To design combination strategies for chronic hepatitis B therapy, we evaluated in vitro the inhibitory activity of 4 nucleoside analogs, (-)FTC, L-FMAU, DXG, and DAPD, in comparison with lamivudine (3TC) and PMEA. In a cell-free assay for the expression of wild-type duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) reverse transcriptase, DAPD-TP was found to be the most active on viral minus strand DNA synthesis, including the priming reaction, followed by 3TC-TP, (-)FTC-TP, and DXG-TP, whereas L-FMAU-TP was a weak inhibitor. In cell culture experiments, important differences in drug concentration allowing a 50% inhibition of viral replication or polymerase activity (IC50s) were observed depending on the cell type used, showing that antiviral effect of nucleoside analogs may depend on their intracellular metabolism. IC50s obtained for wild-type DHBV replication in primary duck hepatocytes were much lower than with DHBV transfected LMH cells. IC50s were also significantly lower in the 2.2.1.5 and HepG2 cells compared with HBV transfected HuH7 cells. Moreover, L-FMAU inhibited preferentially HBV plus strand DNA synthesis in these cell lines. The antiviral effect of these inhibitors was also evaluated against 3TC-resistant mutants of the DHBV and HBV polymerases. These mutants were found to be cross resistant to (-)FTC. By contrast, the double DHBV polymerase mutant was sensitive to DXG-TP and DAPD-TP. Moreover, both purine analogs remained active against DHBV and HBV 3TC-resistant mutants in transfected LMH and HepG2 cells, respectively. In conclusion, the unique mechanism of action of these new inhibitors warrants further evaluation in experimental models to determine their capacity to delay or prevent the selection of drug resistant mutants.