tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Smartphone Application for Weight Loss Compared With Usual Care in Overweight Primary Care Patients
Authors: Brian Yoshio Laing, Carol M. Mangione, Chi-Hong Tseng, Mei Leng, Ekaterina Vaisberg, Megha Mahida, Michelle Bholat, Eve Glazier, Donald E. Morisky, Douglas S. Bell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Many smartphone applications (apps) for weight loss are available, but little is known about their effectiveness.To evaluate the effect of introducing primary care patients to a free smartphone app for weight loss.Randomized, controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01650337).2 academic primary care clinics.212 primary care patients with body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or greater.6 months of usual care without (n = 107) or with (n = 105) assistance in downloading the MyFitnessPal app (MyFitnessPal).Weight loss at 6 months (primary outcome) and changes in systolic blood pressure and behaviors, frequency of app use, and satisfaction (secondary outcomes).After 6 months, weight change was minimal, with no difference between groups (mean between-group difference, -0.30 kg [95% CI, -1.50 to 0.95 kg]; P = 0.63). Change in systolic blood pressure also did not differ between groups (mean between-group difference, -1.7 mm Hg [CI, -7.1 to 3.8 mm Hg]; P = 0.55). Compared with patients in the control group, those in the intervention group increased use of a personal calorie goal (mean between-group difference, 2.0 d/wk [CI, 1.1 to 2.9 d/wk]; P < 0.001), although other self-reported behaviors did not differ between groups. Most users reported high satisfaction with MyFitnessPal, but logins decreased sharply after the first month.Despite being blinded to the name of the app, 14 control group participants (13%) used MyFitnessPal. In addition, 32% of intervention group participants and 19% of control group participants were lost to follow-up at 6 months. The app was given to patients by research assistants, not by physicians.Smartphone apps for weight loss may be useful for persons who are ready to self-monitor calories, but introducing a smartphone app is unlikely to produce substantial weight change for most patients.Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, National Institutes of Health/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences for the UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, and the Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research Center for Health Improvement of Minority Elderly under the National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging.
One Surprise after Another
Authors: Nicholas J. Leeper, Lianne S. Wener, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, Sanjay Saint, Robert M. Wachter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A previously healthy, 22-year-old man presented to an emergency department reporting three days of intermittent abdominal pain. Although the pain was initially mild and crampy and was relieved with bismuth subsalicylate, on the day he went to the hospital the patient awoke with severe, midepigastric pain and had two episodes of diarrhea. During the preceding week, he had had a productive cough and had noticed a slight decrease in exercise tolerance.
Findings on Host Resistance Genes for Infectious Diseases Are Pointing the Way to Drugs, Vaccines
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

ABSTRACT EVER-EXPANDING knowledge of human genetics is starting to pay dividends that will help explain why some people exposed to disease-causing pathogens become severely ill while others succeed to varying degrees in fending off sickness.Infectious disease resistance in humans is clearly polygenic, noted Adrian V.S. Hill, DM, at a recent conference in Vancouver, British Columbia, on Genetic Susceptibility and Complex Traits, cosponsored by the journal Nature Genetics and the Canadian Genetics Diseases Network. What's more, Hill noted, analysis of candidate genes for such scourges as malaria and tuberculosis appears to be an efficient way to get information about the role of host factors in these diseases and apply such findings clinically in the form of tests for disease susceptibility, drug treatment, and vaccines.Genetic Trade-offs Scientists have long known, for example, that the gene that causes hemoglobin S, the abnormal form of hemoglobin found in patients with sickle cell anemia
Potassium Diuresis Induced by Edathamil Disodium
Authors: Thomas M. Batchelor, Marion McCall, Robert M. Mosher
Journal: JAMA (1964)

EDATHAMIL DISODIUM infusions are being used with increasing frequency in the treatment of various occlusive vascular diseases,<sup>1,2</sup>collagen disorders,<sup>3</sup>iron intoxication, lead poisoning,<sup>4</sup>digitalis intoxication,<sup>5</sup>and miscellaneous disorders associated with hypercalcemia.<sup>6</sup> Numerous clinical and experimental studies have been reported on the effect of intravenous infusion of edathamil disodium on calcium excretion in the urine.<sup>7</sup>However, there is a paucity of data on the effects of edathamil disodium on the excretory pattern of sodium or potassium in the urine. Our interest in the effect of this drug on potassium excretion was a result of observations made during an extended series of clinical trials at Providence Hospital. It was noted that lassitude, anorexia, and muscular weakness occurred in some patients following intravenous administration of edathamil disodium. Further, a progressive and significant fall in serum potassium concentration was observed in one patient following prolonged infusions of edathamil
Clinical Epidemiology: A Basic Science for Clinical Medicine
Authors: Steven D. Helgerson
Journal: JAMA (1986)

I might have guessed that a book dedicated to "H.L. Mencken, Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Douglas Adams, and the Emperor's New Clothes" would be fun to read. It was! Readers will sense the authors' enthusiasm for their subject on each page, from the preface to the final chapter. The authors prepared this book for "users" rather than "doers" of clinical research. Physicians and others who wish to recognize key clinical epidemiologic features of the diagnosis and management of patients will benefit from reading<i>Clinical Epidemiology</i>. Those who wish to conduct actual research studies will need to look elsewhere for a detailed discussion of clinical epidemiologic methodology. In this review, I will mention some strengths and limitations of the book and recommend it to particular audiences. The book's primary strengths are the clear and practical explanations for an array of epidemiologic concepts ranging from sensitivity and specificity to "zero-time shift" and "inception
Harvard's Holden Chapel
Authors: Richard L. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  Even as a chauvinistic alumnus of the Harvard Medical School, I must insist on the correction of the historical inaccuracy in Herbert A. Shaw's claim for Harvard's Holden Chapel ( 199 :282, 1967).  Although it is quite true that the Holden Chapel in Harvard Yard served as the home for the Harvard Medical School from 1783 to 1810, the fire of 1810, destroying the chapel and also burning the school's entire medical library, put an end to its use as a medical school, let alone any other.  The present Holden Chapel was reconstructed after this fire and has never served in any capacity as a medical institution.
Hyperthyroid-associated osteoporosis is exacerbated by the loss of TSH signaling
Authors: Ramkumarie Baliram, Li Sun, Jay Cao, Jianhua Li, Rauf Latif, Amanda K. Huber, Tony Yuen, Harry C. Blair, Mone Zaidi, Terry F. Davies
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

The osteoporosis associated with human hyperthyroidism has traditionally been attributed to elevated thyroid hormone levels. There is evidence, however, that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is low in most hyperthyroid states, directly affects the skeleton. Importantly, Tshr-knockout mice are osteopenic. In order to determine whether low TSH levels contribute to bone loss in hyperthyroidism, we compared the skeletal phenotypes of wild-type and Tshr-knockout mice that were rendered hyperthyroid. We found that hyperthyroid mice lacking TSHR had greater bone loss and resorption than hyperthyroid wild-type mice, thereby demonstrating that the absence of TSH signaling contributes to bone loss. Further, we identified a TSH-like factor that may confer osteoprotection. These studies suggest that therapeutic suppression of TSH to very low levels may contribute to bone loss in people.
Tamoxifen as Prophylaxis for Prevention of Gynaecomastia and Breast Pain Associated with Bicalutamide 150mg Monotherapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Dose–Response Study
Authors: Yves Fradet, Blair Egerdie, Morten Andersen, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Mahmoud Nachabe, Jon Armstrong, Thomas Morris, Sunil Navani
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Addressing the Unthinkable
Authors: Sarah Lovinger
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Circulating Apoptotic Endothelial Cells and Apoptotic Endothelial Microparticles Independently Predict the Presence of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Authors: Neha Singh, Eline Van Craeyveld, Marc Tjwa, Agnieszka Ciarka, Jan Emmerechts, Walter Droogne, Stephanie C. Gordts, Vincent Carlier, Frank Jacobs, Steffen Fieuws, Johan Vanhaecke, Johan Van Cleemput, Bart De Geest
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
CORRELATION OF C–REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS AND PLATELET REACTIVITY TO OCCURRENCE OF PERIPROCEDURAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PCI: RESULTS OF THE ARMYDA–CRP (ANTIPLATELET THERAPY FOR REDUCTION OF MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE DURING ANGIOPLASTY–C REACTIVE PROTEIN) PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Elisabetta Ricottini, Giuseppe Patti, Fabio Mangiacapra, Ilaria Cavallari, Antonio Cannatà, Vincenzo Vizzi, Giordano Dicuonzo, Annunziata Nusca, Rosetta Melfi, Marco Miglionico, Paolo Gallo, Rocco Contuzzi, Andrea D'Ambrosio, Germano Di Sciascio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Understanding Pediatric Heart Sounds
Authors: Antoni M. Diehl
Journal: JAMA (1992)

ABSTRACT This 230-page softcover book, by Steven Lehrer, MD, is a comprehensive review of the literature related to heart sounds. The author writes simply and clearly. The book is almost an abbreviated text of pediatric cardiology and could be titled  Cardiovascular Assessment and Diagnosis. Much of the material has been previously covered in such books as Pediatric Cardiology for Practitioners, by M. K. Park, and two books by J. K. Perloff, The Clinical Recognition of Congenital Heart Disease and Physical Examination of the Heart and Circulation.The figures and tables are almost exclusively reproduced with acknowledgment from previous publications. Although little new information is included, the manner in which the author presents the material is outstanding and goes much beyond the understanding of pediatric heart sounds. The references at the end of each chapter are extensive and excellent for the student who desires to pursue the subjects in great detail.
Nrf2 Redirects Glucose and Glutamine into Anabolic Pathways in Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Yoichiro Mitsuishi, Keiko Taguchi, Yukie Kawatani, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Toshihiro Nukiwa, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Masayuki Yamamoto, Hozumi Motohashi
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Community Health Centers: A Movement and the People Who Made It Happen
Authors: Prentiss Taylor
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human myofibroblastlike cells obtained by outgrowth are representative of the fibrogenic cells in the liver
Authors: Sylvie Blazejewski, Anne-Marie Preaux, Ariane Mallat, Isabelle Brocheriou, Philippe Mavier, Daniel Dhumeaux, Daniel Hartmann, Detlef Schuppan, Jean Rosenbaum
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

During human fibrogenesis, myofibroblastlike cells proliferate and are the main source of fibrosis components. We have used cultured myofibroblastlike cells obtained by outgrowth from explants of human liver to study the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and matrix-metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) These cells contained types I, III, IV, and V procollagen messenger RNAs (mRNAs). They also expressed mRNAs for laminin B1 chain and for cellular and plasma fibronectin. The corresponding proteins were detected by immunocytochemistry. MMP-2 expression was shown by Northern blot and gelatin zymography. Because transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) is considered an important mediator in liver fibrogenesis, we examined its effect on expression of ECM components by cultural human myofibroblastlike cells. TGF beta 1 increased collagen mRNAs steady-state levels and total collagen secretion in the culture medium. It also increased fibronectin mRNA levels but had no effect on laminin mRNA or MMP-2 expression. In summary, cultured human myofibroblastlike cells express those ECM components that accumulate during hepatic fibrogenesis, indicating the usefulness of this model to study mechanisms of human liver fibrogenesis. In addition to the mitogenic effect of TGF beta 1 on human myofibroblastlike cells, we now demonstrate its stimulation of ECM accumulation in these cells, thus emphasizing the central role of TGF beta 1 and myofibroblastlike cells in the pathophysiology of human hepatic fibrosis.
Drugs Five Years Later: Methotrexate
Authors: GERALD D. WEINSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The folic acid antagonists, aminopterin and then methotrexate, have been the primary systemically administered drugs for the treatment of severe psoriasis for 25 years. Methotrexate was finally approved by the FDA 5 years ago and was recently estimated to be used for approximately 25 000 psoriatic patients annually. With the small but chronic doses used for psoriasis, methotrexate has been relatively safe, except for a limited occurrence of significant hepatotoxicity. The good to excellent results obtained in most patients must, therefore, be weighed against the small risk of liver damage. Methotrexate has also been used with some effectiveness in several other dermatologic conditions, including mycosis fungoides, dermatomyositis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and others, although they are not yet FDA-approved indications. The recent successful introduction of photochemotherapy (psoralen and ultraviolet light) for moderate and severely affected psoriatics will probably lead to a substantial decrease in the number of patients requiring methotrexate.
Technical difficulties in interpreting virus-specific IgM antibodies in the presence of rheumatoid factor.
Authors: P V Shirodaria, K B Fraser, C F Stanford
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Heberdent Society 221 twenty rheumatoid subjects with radiologically calcified synovium, we have not found crystals.This was the only instance of concurrence of the two diseases among our 87 cases of chondrocalcinosis.DR.E. B. D. HAMILTON (London) Excluding our patients with haemochromotosis, we have seen about seventy cases of chondrocalcinosis in the last 5 years.This includes three patients with hyperparathyroidism and only one with clinical rheumatoid arthritis; although there were two others with positive tests for rheumatoid factor in low titre.More recently I have reviewed the x rays of 21 patients with hyperparathyroidism, seven of whom had chondrocalcinosis and two had co-existing rheumatoid arthritis.
Miliary Tuberculosis With Ileocecal Involvement Diagnosed by Colonoscopy
Authors: Gerald A. Hiatt
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ILEOCECAL tuberculosis (TB) is fast becoming a curiosity, although it continues to occupy a prominent place in the differential diagnosis of ileocecal lesions. The reasons for its decline are primarily twofold: (1) pasteurization of milk has virtually eliminated bovine TB, and (2) cavitary pulmonary TB, the type usually associated with secondary intestinal involvement, is declining in frequency. Virtually all pulmonary and intestinal TB in the United States today is caused by<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. We report a case of miliary TB with ileocecal involvement presenting with diarrhea and abdominal pain, in which the diagnosis of the cecal lesions was made by colonoscopy. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old man had complaints of abdominal pain, weakness, and diarrhea for approximately three weeks. He had lived for two years in the Far East, where he met and married a local woman. He left the area one year ago. There was a history of
Clinical, pathological, and molecular studies of two families with lodide organification defect
Authors: Katia G. M. Rego, Ana Elisa C. Billerbeck, Hector M. Targovnik, Cecília L. S. Santos, Maria G. Alkmin, Sonia Barbosa, Rosalinda Camargo, Geraldo Medeiros-Neto
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1997)
Bruchpilot, a Protein with Homology to ELKS/CAST, Is Required for Structural Integrity and Function of Synaptic Active Zones in Drosophila
Authors: Dhananjay A. Wagh, Tobias M. Rasse, Esther Asan, Alois Hofbauer, Isabell Schwenkert, Heike Dürrbeck, Sigrid Buchner, Marie-Christine Dabauvalle, Manuela Schmidt, Gang Qin, Carolin Wichmann, Robert Kittel, Stephan J. Sigrist, Erich Buchner
Journal: Neuron (2006)
Hepatitis B immunisation in renal units in the United Kingdom: questionnaire study
Authors: S. Ray
Journal: BMJ (2002)

immunological methods alone (a group with a different prognosis).Additionally, study criteria used to identify moderate to severe disease may be difficult to generalise.Subjective criteria such as "poor general condition" are difficult to assess and standardise in patients with malaria, even for specialist centres.Busy casualty departments in general hospitals will find it no easier.Even the harder criteria have pitfalls; in particular the admission of patients with a parasitaemia of 2% seems reassuring, but in the last 100 consecutive patients with falciparum malaria seen at our hospital, 23% had an increase in parasitaemia over the first 24 hours of treatment, including eight increasing above 2%, one with increase from 1.3% to 32%, and one from 0.2% to 8.4%.As a minor point, mefloquine, the main drug used in this study, is not used as first line treatment for malaria in most centres and may well be better adhered to by patients than quinine-which, although safe and effective, has major short term side effects and has to be taken for longer.Conventional practice is to admit all patients with falciparum malaria because initial assessment can be misleading-even for specialist centres-and otherwise fit patients can deteriorate markedly, despite appropriate treatment.This study opens this practice up for debate, but it does not provide adequate justification for changing practice-yet.
Sulphate (35SO4) Fixation by Human Articular Cartilage compared in the Knee and Shoulder Joints
Authors: D. H. Collins, G. Meachim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1961)

The fixation of labelled sulphate ion, 35SO4, is a measure of chondroitin-sulphate synthesis by cartilage cells, and a most satisfactory way of testing the viability of these cells (Curran and Gibson, 1956).In the case of human tissues, the test must be made in vitro, by incubating suitable slices of cartilage, obtained at biopsy or necropsy, in a medium containing a known amount of sulphur isotope, the uptake of which by the cells included in the cartilage sample can then be measured radio- chemically and observed in autoradiographs.McElligott and Collins (1960) used this technique to study human costal cartilage and the articular cartilage of the patella.Rib cartilage showed aValley.
Pyridoxine-Responsive Hypolipidemia and Hypocholesterolemia in a Patient with Pyridoxine-Responsive Anemia
Authors: Norman Spitzer, Thomas F. Newcomb, Ward D. Noyes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

IN 1956 Harris and his associates1 described the first patient with a spontaneously occurring sideroblastic anemia in whom a hematologic response to large doses of pyridoxine was obtained. Subsequently, many other patients with sideroblastic anemias responsive to pyridoxine were found. These patients had in common hypochromic and usually microcytic red cells, erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow, increased iron stores and ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow.2 Occasionally, the bone marrow resembled that seen in untreated pernicious anemia. Some of these patients had had 1 or more relatives with a similar disorder; their pedigrees usually suggested a sex-linked recessive mode . . .
RESULTS OF AN EXAMINATION OF THE MARKET MILK OF CHICAGO, AND OF THE MILK OF COWS FED ON DISTILLERY REFUSE.
Authors: CHARLES S. BACON
Journal: JAMA (1884)

The following tables contain the results of a number of analyses made during the summer of 1883, at the laboratory of the Chicago Medical College, at the suggestion and under the supervision of Prof. Long. The writer is indebted to Dr. Oscar DeWolf, President of the city Board of Health, for procuriug forty-two samples of market milk through the sanitary police; also for aid in obtaining the samples from the distillery-fed cows. The rest of the samples were obtained by the college janitor, or by the writer, from milk wagons and depots. A few were secured from hospitals or from private houses. The specimens obtained by the police are numbered; the source of the rest is indicated in the table. On account count of the care taken in getting the samples, it is believed that they fairly represent the milk sold in the city. For practical purposes the detection of
Correlation between the Prostaglandin D2/E2 Ratio in Nasal Polyps and the Recalcitrant Pathophysiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Associated with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: M. Yoshikawa, T. Yoshimura, N. Otori, S. Haruna, H. Moriyama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)