tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Variability of the metabolic effect of soluble insulin and the rapid-acting insulin analog insulin aspart.
Authors: L Heinemann, C Weyer, M Rauhaus, S Heinrichs, T Heise
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE: To study the intra- and interindividual variability of the metabolic activity of soluble insulin and of the rapid-acting insulin analog insulin aspart after subcutaneous injection. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of nine healthy male volunteers received subcutaneous injections of soluble insulin (0.2 U/kg) in the abdominal region on each of the four study days. Another 10 volunteers received an injection of insulin aspart four times. Glucose infusion rates necessary to neutralize the blood glucose-lowering effect of the administered insulin were registered during euglycemic glucose clamps (blood glucose 5.0 mmol/l; basal intravenous insulin infusion 0.15 mU x kg(-1) x min(-1) over the subsequent 600 min. We investigated the variation in metabolic activity by calculating coefficients of variation (CVs). RESULTS: In comparison to soluble insulin, subcutaneous injections of insulin aspart led to a more rapid onset of action and a shorter duration of action. Subcutaneous injection of the insulin preparations resulted in intraindividual CVs of the summary measures between 10 and 30% (soluble insulin vs. insulin aspart: maximal metabolic activity 15+/-7 vs. 16+/-10%, time to maximal metabolic activity 14+/-10 vs. 11+/-6%; NS between the preparations [means +/- SD]). The decline to half-maximal activity after maximal activity showed a lower intraindividual CV with insulin aspart (19+/-9 vs. 11+/-5%; P = 0.018). The interindividual CVs were higher than the intraindividual CVs (26 vs. 28, 23 vs. 19, and 26 vs. 17%). Generally, the pharmacodynamic variability was higher than the pharmacokinetic variability. For the pharmacokinetic measures, the intra- and interindividual variability in t(max) was lower for insulin aspart than for soluble insulin. CONCLUSIONS: The metabolic effect of soluble insulin shows an intraindividual variability of 10-20% in healthy volunteers, even under strictly controlled experimental conditions. The overall variability of action of insulin aspart was comparable to that of soluble insulin.
Suspicions about the Safety of Vaccines
Authors: Edward W. Campion
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Vaccines represent one of the most effective interventions in medicine. They can protect whole populations from potentially dangerous diseases. Because vaccines are usually given to healthy people, especially children, any concern about the safety of vaccines has to be taken very seriously. Even with close scrutiny, the overall safety record of vaccines is extraordinarily good.Despite this safety record, for a surprising number of vaccines, there have been widely publicized but unsubstantiated claims of adverse effects (see Table). When suspicions about a vaccine begin to spread, there may be dangerous consequences for the public health. Such is currently the case . . .
Use of Platelet Aggregometry in Selection of Compatible Platelet Donors
Authors: Kenneth K. Wu, John C. Hoak, John S. Thompson, John A. Koepke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

To determine if platelet aggregometry was useful in selecting compatible platelet donors, six patients who had become refractory to random platelets were studied. Serum from the patient was added to citrated platelet-rich plasma from the prospective donor in a standard aggregometry system. Serial aggregometry studies revealed no platelet aggregation unless the refractory state had been reached. At that time positive aggregation occurred only between the poorly matched pairs. A correlation between platelet aggregation and HL-A histocompatibility was noted. Family members with negative aggregation were selected as donors, and their platelets were able to provide consistently satisfactory increments in the platelet count of the recipient who was refractory to random donors. In contrast, platelets from family members who exhibited positive aggregation failed to do so. These findings suggest that platelet aggregometry can be used to select compatible platelet donors. (N Engl J Med 292:130–133, 1975)
A Vascular Growth Following Radiation Therapy for Breast Carcinoma Treatment
Authors: Stephanie Baum, Rishi Patel, Beth McLellan
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Dressler's syndrome.
Authors: B J Hutchcroft
Journal: BMJ (1972)

of the specialized tissue.He felt that for inhibition to occur it should be shown that the vagus nerve innervated the entire ventricular specialized network, and that acetyl- choline should be shown to suppress spon- taneous activity of ventricular Purkinje fibres.It would seem that these two conditions also require to be met with regard to vera- pamil and the human heart before the claims of Drs.Livesley and Oram can be justified.-I am, etc.,
Spironolactone Therapy and Amenorrhea
Authors: John I. Levitt
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Administration of spironolactone in standard dosage to nine women with mild renal disease resulted in amenorrhea in six and marked menstrual irregularity in a seventh. Discontinuation of therapy resulted in normal menstrual periods within two months in every patient. The drug action causing this side effect may be responsible for previously reported gynecomastia, but this action is unknown. The high incidence of amenorrhea in this group may be due to increased drug susceptibility or decreased drug elimination in patients with kidney disease.
Development and evolution of cognition: One doth not fly into flying!
Authors: Edward A. Wasserman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Abstract thought, in general, and – reasoning by analogy, in particular, have been said to reside at the very summit of human cognition. Leech et al. endeavor to comprehend the development of analogous thinking in human beings. Applying Leech et al.'s general approach to the evolution of analogical behavior in animals might also prove to be of considerable value.
Deoxycytidylate deaminase in pregnancy.
Authors: G F Williams, D D Jones
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Deoxycytidylate (DCMP) deaminase was assayed at various times during and after normal and abnormal pregnancies. The level in amniotic fluid was assessed at induction and at caesarean section, and cord blood levels were estimated after normal delivery and at caesarean section. A rise occurred during labour and after hysterectomy and caesarean section--returning to normal after 2-3, and 12 days respectively. Levels above 4.8 X 10-minus 4 ml-minus 1 were found in cases of preeclamptic toxaemia and early intrauterine death and in twin pregnancies over 36 weeks9 gestation. It is suggested that because of its low incidence of false-negative and false-positive results this test is far superior to other enzyme tests in pregnancy, and a further trial is in progress to assess its role.
Relation between hysterectomy and the irritable bowel: a prospective study.
Authors: A Prior, K M Stanley, A R Smith, N W Read
Journal: Gut (1992)

Some women with irritable bowel syndrome date the onset of symptoms to previous hysterectomy. To assess prospectively the incidence of gastrointestinal symptomatology arising de novo after hysterectomy, and to study the effect of surgery on pre-existing symptoms, 205 women completed a symptom questionnaire before and six weeks and six months after surgery. Beforehand, symptoms suggestive of irritable bowel syndrome occurred in 22% of patients. At six months after operation, 60% of these had improved or were symptom free while 20% had increased symptomatology. New gastrointestinal symptoms were present more than once per week in 10% of previously asymptomatic women. Constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome was the commonest symptom complex seen de novo, occurring more than once per week in 5% of the group. No relation was found between new symptomatology and the type of hysterectomy, oophorectomy, or the administration of perioperative antibiotics. This study suggests that many women with pre-existing gastrointestinal symptomatology improve after hysterectomy. However, symptoms suggestive of irritable bowel syndrome do arise de novo in 10%. As hysterectomy is common, gastroenterologists can expect to see women presenting with post-hysterectomy problems.
Water birth and infection in babies
Authors: J Rawal, A Shah, F Stirk, S Mehtar
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Outcome of gamete intrafallopian transfer in women of 40 and over according to whether the number of oocytes transferred was rstricted.Values are numbers (percentages) oftreatment cycles Outcome Group 1 (no restrictions) Group 2 (restrictions) Pregnancy 34 (23) 113 (16) No pregnancy 117 (78) 618 (85) Total 151 (100) 731 (100)x' With Yates's correction4-0, df= 1; P < 0-05.(30/o), and two such pregnancies occurred in group 2 (2%).There were no quadruplet or higher order pregnancies, regardless of the number of oocytes transferred.
Diagnosis of a Pleural Mesothelioma by Endosonography-Guided Transgastric Fine-Needle Aspiration
Authors: H. Gerke, F. Bittinger, P. Galle, K. Mergener
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

A 73-year-old man presented to a local hospital with chest pain and pleural effusion. Thoracentesis revealed a hemorrhagic exudate without malignant cells. Computed tomography showed a mass 5×5 cm in size at the left diaphragm, extending into the peritoneal cavity adjacent to the stomach. On gastroscopy, a large mass was detected in the gastric fundus, with intact overlying mucosa (Figure [1]). The patient was referred to our institution for further work-up. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) using a curved-array echo endoscope (Pentax FG-34UX) revealed a lobulated hypoechoic mass compressing the intact gastric wall (Figure [2]). The precise cranial extent of the mass could not be defined. There were no enlarged perigastric or celiac lymph nodes. EUS-guided transgastric fine-needle aspiration (FNA) was performed, and cytological examination of the aspirate showed numerous clusters of large atypical mesothelioma cells. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunohistochemistry staining for keratin (Figure [3]) and negative staining for HEA 125. The patient was deemed to be inoperable; the tumor progressed despite palliative chemotherapy, and he died six months later.
Antibiotics and purulent sputum.
Authors: J G Howie
Journal: BMJ (1976)

wound primarily in perforated appendicitis and possibly in purulent and gangrenous cases too.(When else would one sew up tissues steeped in faecal pus ?)An acceptable alterna- tive is delayed primary suture, with a wet gauze pack to the intermuscular layers for four days.I am grateful to my colleagues who kindly allowed me to examine their patients' records, so illustrating the need for another look at appendicectomy.
Is methotrexate carcinogenic?
Authors: C Turnbull, M Roach
Journal: BMJ (1980)

norphine 3 ,tg and fentanyl 1 t±g/kg body weight peroperatively with minimal intra- venous induction agents and halogenated vapours.Postoperatively I give papaveretum 10-20 mg intramuscularly as soon as full consciousness returns but before severe pain is felt.3Occasionally severe spasms of pain require injection of orphenadrine.4This technique provides analgesia comparable, as assessed by hourly pain scores, with continuous infusion.There was no detectable depression of respiration measured by counting, by Wright's respirometer, or by random blood gas samples.
M146 Validation Of Five Non-invasive Respiratory Rate Monitors In Patients With Copd In A Laboratory Setting
Authors: N. Rubio, B. McKinstry, R. Parker, H. Pinnock, C. Weir, J. Hanley, C. Yerramasu, L. Cruz-Mantoani, W. MacNee, R. A. Rabinovich
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is a need of innovative models of care for patients with severe COPD and frequent AECOPD, and Telehealth (TH) is part of these programs. But current systems are limited by the parameters feasibly monitored in a domestic setting and lack of a reliable method of predicting exacerbations. Evidence from hospital based studies show that breathlessness increases during exacerbations. If respiratory rate (RR) could be reliably monitored remotely it may provide a significant advance in predicting and identifying COPD exacerbations and monitoring recovery. The aim of this study is to validate five non-invasive RR monitors (M1 to M5) in patients with COPD in a laboratory setting against a gold standard measurement of RR. <h3>Methods and results</h3> Five RR monitors identified in the literature were selected for validation against RR measured with a gold standard method (Oxycon mobile, Carefusion) in 23 patients with COPD (13 males, age 70 ± 8.3 years, FEV<sub>1 </sub>58.3 ± 17.1%pred) during a 52 min protocol of a total of 19 activities of daily living (i.e sitting, standing, walking at different speeds, climbing stairs, lifting objects and sweeping the floor). Patients wore simultaneously the five monitors and the Oxycon mobile and RR was recorded breath by breath and averaged by minute. One minute of each activity was selected for analysis using Bland and Altman plots. Bias and limit of agreement (LoA) was established for each monitor (<b>Figure 1</b>). Bias and LoA for the five monitors were the following (M1 2.15 (-17.9 to 22.2), M2 3.1 (-8.7 to 14.9), M3 2.2 (-12.12 to 16.6), M4 -2.5 (-11.7 to 6.8) and M5 -1.9 (-10.8 to 6.9)). Patients were compliant with the use of the five monitors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Monitoring RR is feasible and non-intrusive in patients with COPD. We have identified two monitors (M4 and M5) with the lowest bias and the narrower LoA. These monitors will be further investigated in a home setting. Funded by the Chief Scientific Office, CZH/4/826.
There but for the grace . . .
Authors: N. W Goodman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Itoo have injected the local anaesthetic bupivacaine into an intravenous cannula instead of into an epidural catheter. I have injected the antibiotic cefuroxime, thinking it was the anaesthetic thiopentone. I once failed to dissolve the full amount of thiopentone, and it took me a couple of cases to realise I was using an inappropriately dilute solution. I have flushed a cannula at the end of an operation only to realise that I had injected the muscle relaxant pancuronium instead of saline. What prevented me from injecting another muscle relaxant, suxamethonium, into a conscious patient was no more than the flip of a coin. Having injected the opioid fentanyl and the induction dose of anaesthetic, I reached for the suxamethonium syringe. There wasn't one, but there was another syringe labelled fentanyl that contained the suxamethonium. I have injected 15 000 units of heparin intravenously thinking it was 3000 units. This last was after checking with an experienced anaesthetic sister. When we read the label, we both saw what we …
In which we served
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1999)

I first set foot in one almost 30 years ago. The Royal Naval Hospital (RNH) Gibraltar, a colonial delight perched high on the rock, seemed a perfect place to work: old fashioned, easy going, and distinctly underutilised. I was just visiting, paying my respects as a lowly seaborne reservist to a surgeon captain who welcomed me kindly.

Later I served there as a locum physician. The other three doctors were an anaesthetist, a surgeon, and an obstetrics and gynaecology man, so my remit …
Immunoperoxidase anti-keratin staining of epidermal and pilar cysts
Authors: D. W. K. COTTON, N. KIRKHAM, B. J. J. YOUNG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Epidermal and pilar cysts have been stained with anti-keratin antibodies raised from human hair and human callus. The staining properties of the two cysts are different and, in general, support the idea that they originate from epidermis and trichilemmal hair follicle layer respectively.
Recombinant Human Interferon γ: Adverse Effects in High-risk Stage I and II Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Authors: FRANK L. MEYSKENS, KENNETH KOPECKY, MICHAEL SAMSON, EVAN HERSH, JOHN MACDONALD, HOWARD JAFFE, JOHN CROWLEY, CHARLES COLTMAN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Recombinant Human Interferon γ: Adverse Effects in High-risk Stage I and II Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Get access FRANK L. MEYSKENS, FRANK L. MEYSKENS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KENNETH KOPECKY, KENNETH KOPECKY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHAEL SAMSON, MICHAEL SAMSON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar EVAN HERSH, EVAN HERSH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN MACDONALD, JOHN MACDONALD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HOWARD JAFFE, HOWARD JAFFE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN CROWLEY, JOHN CROWLEY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CHARLES COLTMAN CHARLES COLTMAN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 12, 20 June 1990, Page 1071, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.12.1071-a Published: 20 June 1990
976. TLR and MyD88 Signaling Mediates Innate Immune Responses to Adenoviral Vectors in Mouse
Authors: Zhe Zhang, Gaung-Ping Gao, Lee M. Wetzler, Peter L. Bell, Di Wu, Jianping Lin, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Toxicity of adenoviral vectors induced after the acute interaction between the vector and innate immune system is the major hurdle for safe application of the vectors in humans. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the sentinels of innate immunity. We investigated the role of TLRs and the major TLR adaptor protein MyD88 in the host acute immune responses to systematic administration of type 5 adenoviral vectors. Following intravenous administration of E1E3- deleted Ad5-lacZ (2E11 pt./animal), a brisk accumulation of inflammatory cytokines including IL6, KC and TNF-α was found in the serum of C57B6 mice but remained barely detectable in that of MyD88 KO mice; the pattern of cytokine secretion in the splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells purified from the mice after vector administration appeared the same. CD11b immunostaining and neutrophil staining showed a robust infiltration of acute immune cells in liver while few were found in MyD88 KO mouse. Under the same vector treatment, secretion of acute cytokines such as KC and INFα were abolished in TLR2 KO mice while IL6 appeared slightly increased. Cytokine secretion in CD11c+dendritic cells from vector- injected TLR2 KO mice was further analyzed. Interactions between a panel of cloned TLRs (murine TLR1-9)/their dual combinations and Ad5 particles/purified capsid proteins were studied using in vitro cell-line cultures transfected with the receptor and NF-κB- driven luciferase reporter genes. Our results showed that UV- inactivated Ad5 particles induced activation of NF-κB signaling in CHO cells in the presence of TLR2 or TLR5, but not CAR receptor. Consistently we found Hexon protein purified from Ad5 activated NF-κB significantly in 293 cells in the presence of TLR2 orTLR5. Taken together, our data suggest that TLR and MyD88 signaling pathway(s) mediated the acute innate immune responses to Ad5 via direct interaction between TLRs and vector capsid proteins. Modification of the pathway may provide promising opportunities for the management of vector-associated toxicity and better application of the vectors.
Impairment of natural killer cell and dendritic cell functions by the soluble form of MHC class I-related chain A in advanced human hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Masahisa Jinushi, Tetsuo Takehara, Tomohide Tatsumi, Naoki Hiramatsu, Ryotaro Sakamori, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Norio Hayashi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Syk activation by the Src-family tyrosine kinase in the B cell receptor signaling.
Authors: T Kurosaki, M Takata, Y Yamanashi, T Inazu, T Taniguchi, T Yamamoto, H Yamamura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Signaling through the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) results in rapid increases in tyrosine phosphorylation on a number of proteins. The BCR associates with two classes of tyrosine kinase: Src-family kinase (Src-protein-tyrosine kinase [PTK]; Lyn, Fyn, Blk, or Lck) and Syk kinase. We have investigated the interaction between the Src-PTK and the Syk kinase in the BCR signaling. In contrast to wild-type B cells, BCR-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk and activation of its in vitro kinase activity were profoundly reduced in lyn-negative cells. The requirement of the Src-PTK to induce tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Syk was also demonstrated by cotransfection of syk and src-PTK cDNAs into COS cells. These results suggest that the Src-PTK associated with BCR phosphorylates the tyrosine residue(s) of Syk upon receptor stimulation, enhancing the activity of Syk.