tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter: Flupenthixol for depression.
Authors: J H Dowson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

45was systematically covered largely accounts for the fall now occurring in the number of cases of cervical cancer in Aberdeen.In the interests of economy, and in the light of our knowledge of the high-risk groups, should the taking of smears not become part of all routine antenatal care?The majority of cases would then be detected before the high-risk patient had finished childbearing.Twenty years later a fall in the incidence of the disease could be predicted, a fall which will never happen if only the well women offering themselves for screening and rescreening are covered.
[631] INFLUENCE OF THE PERSISTENCE OF NS3 HCV ANTIGEN IN LIVER TISSUE AFTER ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT ON INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY AND FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: A. Pisula, E. Janczewska-Kazek, A. Ziolkowski, W. Zajecki, B. Marek, A. Boron-Kaczmarska
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Differential Cardiac Effects of Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factor1 in the Rat
Authors: Antonio Cittadini, Hinrik Strömer, Sarah E. Katz, Ross Clark, Alan C. Moses, James P. Morgan, Pamela S. Douglas
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Despite their increasing clinical use and recent evidence that growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor–1 (IGF-1) target the heart, there has been no systematic investigation of the effects of GH and IGF-1 on the cardiovascular system. Methods and Results Sixty normal but growing adult female rats were randomized to receive 4 weeks of treatment with GH (3.5 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ), IGF-1 (3 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ), a combination of the two, or placebo. Transthoracic echocardiograms were performed at baseline and at 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment. After the final echocardiography, rats underwent either closed-chest left ventricular (LV) catheterization or Langendorff perfusion studies. Myocyte diameter and interstitial tissue fraction were assessed by morphometric histology. Echocardiographic and ex vivo data demonstrated a LV hypertrophic response in all three groups of treated animals that was most marked in the GH group, which alone exhibited a concentric growth pattern (relative wall thickness, 0.52 versus 0.42 to 0.44 in the other groups; P &lt;.001). At 4 weeks, cardiac index was significantly higher and total systemic vascular resistance was lower in all groups of treated animals than in control animals (both P &lt;.001), whereas arterial blood pressure did not differ significantly. All indexes of in vivo and in vitro cardiac function were higher in GH- and IGF-1–treated rats than in control animals, whereas combination therapy yielded a blunted effect. Myocyte diameter was increased in all three treated groups without an increase in interstitial tissue. Conclusions Exogenous administration of GH and IGF-1 in the normal adult rat induces a cardiac hypertrophic response without development of significant fibrosis. Cardiac performance is increased both in vivo and in the isolated heart.
Rapid Secretion of Prestored Interleukin 8 from Weibel-Palade Bodies of Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Jon Olav Utgaard, Frode L. Jahnsen, Arne Bakka, Per Brandtzaeg, Guttorm Haraldsen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

Interleukin (IL)-8, a C-X-C chemokine, activates integrin-mediated adhesion of neutrophils. Presentation of IL-8 on the endothelial cell surface may promote leukocyte extravasation. We found that cultured human microvascular endothelial cells from the intestine (HIMEC) and from nasal polyps (PMEC), but not human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), contained IL-8 in intracellular granules that coexpressed von Willebrand factor (vWf ). This observation was corroborated by the immunohistochemical observation of double-positive granules (IL-8+vWf+) in vessels of small and large intestine, nasal mucosa, and skin, whereas umbilical cords revealed no endothelial IL-8. After treatment of HIMEC or PMEC with histamine or thrombin, a dramatic increase in supernatant IL-8 concentration was observed within 3 min, whereas no increase in IL-8 was detected in supernatants of identically treated HUVEC cultures. Histamine or thrombin treatment also caused IL-8–containing granules to rapidly disappear from HIMEC. In HUVEC, IL-8–containing granules were inducible by treatment with recombinant human IL-1β for 24 h; additional histamine treatment doubled IL-8 secretion from HUVEC in the same rapid manner observed for mucosal EC. These data suggested that IL-8 prestored in microvascular endothelial cells may provide a rapid pathway for specific activation of neutrophil adhesion at sites of acute inflammation.
Delta Hepatitis
Authors: Norman S. Nishioka, Jules L. Dienstag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

During the past decade, a seemingly endless list of mysterious, newly described infectious diseases has captured the attention of the public. Now, just when you thought your imagination had been taxed to its limit, along comes the delta hepatitis virus.What is it? The delta agent, or hepatitis delta virus, has a unique hybrid structure consisting of a delta inner core encapsulated by the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus. A defective RNA virus that cannot survive on its own, hepatitis delta virus requires the helper function of a DNA virus, hepatitis B (or hepadnaviruses of other species), to support . . .
Science and Medicine of Exercise and Sports
Authors: Fred V. Hein
Journal: JAMA (1961)

More than 40 leaders in medicine, physiology, physical education, and psychology have contributed to this extensive volume. A pioneering book in its field, it summarizes today's knowledge of the scientific aspects of exercise and sports. Virtually hundreds of citations open, for the reader who may be so inclined, numerous channels of further exploration and study. This book provides an up-to-date briefing on the facts of human development and the physiology of exercise, and it synthesizes our knowledge of these subjects as it relates to sports participation and performance. Interesting data are also provided on the psychological aspects of sports and exercise, but this is more limited because of the need for further investigation in this field. Although the book presumably is designed primarily for graduate students working in the areas of exercise physiology and sports medicine, it may have much practical application as a broadly based reference. The physician concerned
Diabetes mellitus after liver transplantation: prevalence and predictive factors
Authors: Miquel Navasa, Javier Bustamante, Claudio Marroni, Eleazar González, Hernán Andreu, Enric Esmatjes, Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas, Luis Grande, Isabel Cirera, Antoni Rimola, Joan Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1996)
REPORT OF A CASE OF BRAIN TUMOR
Authors: E. E. MORRISON
Journal: JAMA (1913)

A negro reported by Worcester, quoted by Babcock, dying al the age of 57 of general paralysis, showed post mortem a patent foramen ovale with a small inter¬ ventricular defect, lie had served through the Civil War.The patient, the subject of this paper, has been able to walk from -t to 8 miles after his day's work was over without ¡my inconvenience.209 Host Street.
Effect of Salbutamol on Spirometry and Blood-gas Tensions in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: K. N. V. Palmer, M. L. Diament
Journal: BMJ (1969)

A new bronchodilator drug, salbutamol, reduced airway obstruction in 37 patients with bronchial asthma but did not lead to a significant fall in lowered arterial oxygen tension. This drug, unlike other bronchodilators, appears to have little or no effect on the cardiovascular system, and it is suggested that it does not therefore lead to an intensification of the ventilation/perfusion disturbance in the lung leading to a worsening of hypoxaemia.
Contraceptive use increases in developing countries
Authors: J. Hamilton
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Between the mid-1960s and 1990 the percentage of couples in the developing world using contraception went up from an average of 9% to 53%, according to data from the United States.

The report Levels and Trends of Contraceptive Use as Assessed in 1994 covers 119 countries and about 90% of the world's population. Contraceptive use is widely accepted as the single greatest factor in recent decline in fertility rates …
In vivo transduction of hematopoietic stem cells after neonatal intravenous injection of an amphotropic retroviral vector in mice
Authors: Lingfei Xu, Tom O'Malley, Mark S. Sands, Bin Wang, Todd Meyerrose, Mark E. Haskins, Katherine Parker Ponder
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are important targets for gene therapy. Most protocols involve ex vivo modification, in which HSC are transduced in vitro and injected into the recipient. An in vivo delivery method might simplify HSC gene therapy. We previously demonstrated that iv injection of an amphotropic retroviral vector (RV) into newborn mice resulted in long-term expression from hepatocytes. The goal of this study was to determine if HSC were also transduced. After neonatal administration of 1 x 10(10) transducing units/kg of RV, peripheral blood cells had approximately 0.1 copy of RV per cell for up to 22 months. At 18 months, RV sequences were detected in T, B, and myeloid cells from bone marrow (BM). Unfractionated BM was transplanted into naive recipients after total body irradiation. Recipients maintained similar levels of the RV in their blood cells for 10 months, at which time RV sequences were present at the same integration site in all lineages of cells from BM. We conclude that neonatal iv injection of RV results in transduction of HSC in mice, which might be used for BM-directed gene therapy. Transduction of blood cells after liver-directed neonatal gene therapy might have adverse effects in patients, although no leukemias developed here.
Recessive Inheritance of a Congenital Malformation Syndrome
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: JAMA (1968)

A follow-up study was done on an Amish kindred with multiple cases of hydrometrocolpos thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive. Two cases of a syndrome consisting of absence deformity of one leg, congenital cataract, and progressive scoliosis were found in the same Amish group. This malformation syndrome probably represents a distinct entity, also inherited as an autosomal recessive.
Insulin Effects Weigh Heavy on the Brain
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Muscle and Liver Insulin Resistance Indexes Derived From the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Authors: Muhammad A Abdul-Ghani, Masafumi Matsuda, Bogdan Balas, Ralph A. DeFronzo
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Bastard et al. (1,2) have examined the correlation between the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived muscle insulin resistance index and the total glucose disposal divided by the steady-state plasma insulin concentration (TGD/SSPI) during the euglycemic insulin clamp in obese postmenopausal women and reported a lower correlation coefficient (2) compared with that reported earlier in a more heterogeneous population (3). Further, the correlation between the OGTT-derived muscle insulin resistance index (3) and TGD/SSPI was not significantly …
Apotransferrin receptors and the delivery of iron from cultured human blood monocytes
Authors: R. D. Baynes, G. Bukofzer, T. H. Bothwell, W. R. Bezwoda
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Abstract A study was done to find out whether apotransferrin receptors are involved in the release of iron from reticuloendothelial cells. To this end, human macrophages which had been obtained by culturing blood monocytes for 7 days were incubated with either diferric or apotransferrin at the physiological pH of 7.4 or at an acidic pH (6.0). While specific diferric transferrin receptors (K b 1.3 × 10 −8 M) were demonstrated at pH 7.4, no apotransferrin receptors were found. In contrast, both diferric receptors (K d 2.1 × 10 −8 M) and apotransferrin receptors (K d 2.8 × 10 −9 M) were found at pH 6.0. The finding of specific apotransferrin binding at acidic pH fits in with the current understanding of iron uptake by cells, in which the iron‐transferrin complex is endocytosed and the iron is released at acidic pH. The present results suggest that the apotransferrin remains attached to its receptor in the endocytosed vesicle at this acidic pH but that it becomes detached at the cell surface where the pH is neutral. No evidence was found to indicate that iron is transported out of macrophages via apotransferrin receptors at the physiological pH.
Fundamentals of Colon Surgery
Authors: Yeu-Tsu N. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1974)

This book aims to teach the students and residents general principles on the surgical management of diseases of the colon and rectum. Each chapter covers a major disease category—acute inflammation, ulcerative colitis, granulomatous disease, ischemic lesions, problems of fixation, benign and malignant tumors, and lower rectal and anal lesions. Aspects of anatomy, pathophysiology, and medical and surgical management principles are given. The book is written in an easily readable fashion, with very few specific data or statistics cited. The illustrations are superb; only two depict surgical technique. The reference lists, few in number and intended to offer only a starting point for the student, are not keyed in the text. Thus, the reader could not find out which article to read if he has a specific question in mind, eg, where to learn more about the role of radiation therapy in treating regional enteritis (p 107). However, this book fulfills
STUDIES ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FEVER TEMPERATURES
Authors: Ruth A. Boak, Charles M. Carpenter, Stafford L. Warren
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

1. The repeated elevation of body temperatures of male and female rabbits to 41 degrees and 42 degrees C. from 2 to 5 times per week by short radio waves (30 m.), beginning from 29 to 171 days of age and extending through their first period of gestation, failed to injure their growth or to interfere with mating, fertilization, or the development of young in utero. Litter mates were kept for controls. 2. The rabbits exposed to the short wave fevers showed, in the majority of cases, a greater percentage gain in weight than did the control litter mates. 3. The kindling age of the treated group was, on an average, 2 weeks older than the non-treated group. 4. The fever-treated females averaged five and one-half young per litter with an average weight of 41 gm., while the untreated females averaged seven per litter with an average weight of 36.5 gm. 5. The repeated elevation of body temperature by short radio waves is a safe procedure when temperatures greater than those within physiological limits are not employed.
Radionuclide injury to the lung.
Authors: G E Dagle, C L Sanders
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Radionuclide injury to the lung has been studied in rats, hamsters, dogs, mice and baboons. Exposure of the lung to high dose levels of radionuclides produces a spectrum of progressively more severe functional and morphological changes, ranging from radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis to lung tumors. These changes are somewhat similar for different species. Their severity can be related to the absorbed radiation dose (measured in rads) produced by alpha, beta or gamma radiation emanating from various deposited radionuclides. The chemicophysical forms of radionuclides and spatial-temporal factors are also important variables. As with other forms of injury to the lung, repair attempts are highlighted by fibrosis and proliferation of pulmonary epithelium. Lung tumors are the principal late effect observed in experimental animals following pulmonary deposition of radionuclides at dose levels that do not result in early deaths from radiation pneumonitis or fibrosis. The predominant lung tumors described have been of epithelial origin and have been classified, in decreasing frequency of occurrence, as adenocarcinoma, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, epidermoid carcinomas and combined epidermoid and adenocarcinoma. Mesothelioma and fibrosarcoma have been observed in rats, but less commonly in other species. Hemangiosarcomas were frequency observed in dogs exposed to beta-gamma emitters, and occasionally in rats exposed to alpha emitters. These morphologic changes in the lungs of experimental animals were reviewed and issues relevant to the prediction of human hazards discussed.
The Impact of a Statewide Pre-Hospital STEMI Strategy to Bypass Hospitals Without Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Capability on Treatment Times
Authors: Emil L. Fosbol, Christopher B. Granger, James G. Jollis, Lisa Monk, Li Lin, Barbara L. Lytle, Ying Xian, J. Lee Garvey, Greg Mears, Claire C. Corbett, Eric D. Peterson, Seth W. Glickman
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— The ultimate treatment goal for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is rapid reperfusion via primary percutaneous intervention (PCI). North Carolina has adopted a statewide STEMI referral strategy that advises paramedics to bypass local hospitals and transport STEMI patients directly to a PCI-capable hospital, even if a non-PCI-capable hospital is closer. Methods and Results— We assessed the adherence of emergency medical services to this STEMI protocol, as well as subsequent associations with patient treatment times and outcomes by linking data from the Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry ® —Get With the Guidelines ™ and a statewide emergency medical services data system from June 2008 to September 2010 for all patients with STEMI. Patients were divided into those (1) transported directly to a PCI hospital, thereby bypassing a closer non-PCI hospital and (2) first taken to a closer non-PCI center and later transferred to a PCI hospital. Among 6010 patients with STEMI, 1288 were eligible and included in our study cohort. Of these, 826 (64%) were transported directly to a PCI facility, whereas 462 (36%) were first taken to a non-PCI hospital and later transferred. In a multivariable model, increase in differential driving time and cardiac arrest were associated with a lesser likelihood of being taken directly to a PCI center, whereas a history of PCI was associated with a higher likelihood of being taken directly to a PCI center. Patients sent directly to a PCI center were more likely to have times between first medical contact and PCI within guideline recommendations. Conclusions— We found that patients who were sent directly to a PCI center had significantly shorter time to reperfusion.
Private Practice in British Medicine
Authors: J. Ruffell
Journal: BMJ (1969)

DPC423 [1-[3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]-<i>N</i>-[3-fluoro-2′-(methylsulfonyl)[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole-5-carboxamide] is a synthetic, competitive, and selective inhibitor of coagulation factor Xa (fXa) (<i>K</i><sub>i</sub>: 0.15 nM in humans, 0.3 nM in rabbit). The objective of this study was to compare effects of DPC423, enoxaparin (low-molecular-weight heparin), and argatroban (thrombin inhibitor) on arterial thrombosis and hemostasis in rabbit models of electrically induced carotid artery thrombosis and cuticle bleeding, respectively. Compounds were infused i.v. continuously from 60 min before artery injury or cuticle transection to the end of experiment. Carotid blood flow was used as a marker of antithrombotic effect. Antithrombotic ED<sub>50</sub> values were 0.4 mg/kg/h for enoxaparin (<i>n</i> = 6), 0.13 mg/kg/h for argatroban (<i>n</i> = 6), and 0.6 mg/kg/h for DPC423 (<i>n</i> = 12). DPC423 at the maximum antithrombotic dose increased activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time (<i>n</i> = 6) by 1.8 ± 0.07- and 1.8 ± 0.13-fold, respectively, without changes in thrombin time and ex vivo thrombin activity. The antithrombotic effect of DPC423 was significantly correlated with its ex vivo anti-fXa activity (<i>r</i> = 0.86). DPC423 at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg p.o. increased carotid blood flow (percent control) at 45 min to 10 ± 4, 24 ± 6, and 74 ± 7, respectively (<i>n</i>= 6/group). Cuticle bleeding times (percent change over control) determined at the maximum antithrombotic dose were 88 ± 12 for argatroban, 69 ± 13 for heparin, 4 ± 3 for enoxaparin, 5 ± 4 for DPC423, and −3 ± 2 for the vehicle (<i>n</i> = 5–6/group), suggesting dissociation of antithrombotic and bleeding time effects for DPC423 and enoxaparin. The combination of aspirin and DPC423 at ineffective antithrombotic doses produced significant antithrombotic effect. Therefore, these results suggest that DPC423 is a clinically useful oral anticoagulant for the prevention of arterial thrombosis.