tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Macrophage-Derived upd3 Cytokine Causes Impaired Glucose Homeostasis and Reduced Lifespan in Drosophila Fed a Lipid-Rich Diet
Authors: Katie J. Woodcock, Katrin Kierdorf, Clara A. Pouchelon, Valérie Vivancos, Marc S. Dionne, Frédéric Geissmann
Journal: Immunity (2014)

Highlights•Chronic lipid-rich diet results in JAK-STAT activation in Drosophila•Chronic JAK-STAT activation reduces lifespan and insulin sensitivity•Lipid-rich diet induces JNK pathway-dependent production of upd3 by macrophages•Macrophage upd3 controls JAK-STAT activation, survival, and insulin sensitivitySummaryLong-term consumption of fatty foods is associated with obesity, macrophage activation and inflammation, metabolic imbalance, and a reduced lifespan. We took advantage of Drosophila genetics to investigate the role of macrophages and the pathway(s) that govern their response to dietary stress. Flies fed a lipid-rich diet presented with increased fat storage, systemic activation of JAK-STAT signaling, reduced insulin sensitivity, hyperglycemia, and a shorter lifespan. Drosophila macrophages produced the JAK-STAT-activating cytokine upd3, in a scavenger-receptor (crq) and JNK-dependent manner. Genetic depletion of macrophages or macrophage-specific silencing of upd3 decreased JAK-STAT activation and rescued insulin sensitivity and the lifespan of Drosophila, but did not decrease fat storage. NF-κB signaling made no contribution to the phenotype observed. These results identify an evolutionarily conserved "scavenger receptor-JNK-type 1 cytokine" cassette in macrophages, which controls glucose metabolism and reduces lifespan in Drosophila maintained on a lipid-rich diet via activation of the JAK-STAT pathway.Graphical abstract
Derepression of an endogenous long terminal repeat activates the CSF1R proto-oncogene in human lymphoma
Authors: Björn Lamprecht, Korden Walter, Stephan Kreher, Raman Kumar, Michael Hummel, Dido Lenze, Karl Köchert, Mohamed Amine Bouhlel, Julia Richter, Eric Soler, Ralph Stadhouders, Korinna Jöhrens, Kathrin D Wurster, David F Callen, Michael F Harte, Maciej Giefing, Rachael Barlow, Harald Stein, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Martin Janz, Peter N Cockerill, Reiner Siebert, Bernd Dörken, Constanze Bonifer, Stephan Mathas
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)
THE BRANCHED FORMS OF THE TUBERCLE BACILLUS, AND IMMUNITY TO TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: SAMUEL G. DIXON
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Koch,<sup>1</sup>in 1882, announced that he had discovered a rod-shaped microorganism, either straight or curved and frequently beaded, which produced tuberculosis. This simple form was, I believe, accepted as a constant character until 1889, when I observed a different morphology<sup>2</sup>which at once suggested another cycle in the life of the tubercle bacillus of Koch. It was of the bovine type grown on a glycerinated agar medium and subjected to great variations of temperature. Instead of the well-known rod-shaped bacilli the field showed beautiful branched and budding forms, as shown in the copy from the original illustration (Fig.1).
Sustaining the Engine of U.S. Biomedical Discovery
Authors: Stephen J. Heinig, Jack Y. Krakower, Howard B. Dickler, David Korn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Academic medical centers are where most of the research sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is performed. In the past decade, the centers have scaled up their research operations as the NIH budget doubled but now face shortfalls as fewer proposals are funded. In this Sounding Board article, an argument is made for more robust long-term NIH support.
Who is the better donor for older hematopoietic transplant recipients: an older-aged sibling or a young, matched unrelated volunteer?
Authors: Amin M. Alousi, Jennifer Le-Rademacher, Rima M. Saliba, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Andrew Artz, Jonathan Benjamin, Steven M. Devine, Fangyu Kan, Mary J. Laughlin, Hillard M. Lazarus, Jane Liesveld, Miguel-Angel Perales, Richard T. Maziarz, Mitchell Sabloff, Edmund K. Waller, Mary Eapen, Richard E. Champlin
Journal: Blood (2013)
The missing dimension: The relevance of people's conception of time
Authors: Sarah H. Norgate, Nigel Davies, Chris Speed, Tom Cherrett, Janet Dickinson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract While a timely conceptual innovation for the digital age, the “map” proposed by Bentley et al. would benefit from strengthening through the inclusion of a non–clock-time perspective. In this way, there could be new hypotheses developed which could be applied and tested relevant to more diverse societies, cultures, and individuals.
Myocardial adaptation during acute hibernation: mechanisms of phosphocreatine recovery
Authors: S. Schaefer, L. J Carr, U. Kreutzer, T. Jue
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Myocardial adaptation during acute hibernation: mechanisms of phosphocreatine recovery Get access Saul Schaefer, Saul Schaefer Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis TB172, Davis, California 95616, USA: S Schaefer, L J Carr: Division of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA: U Kreutzer, T Jue. Correspondence to Dr Schaefer. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Laurence J Carr, Laurence J Carr Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis TB172, Davis, California 95616, USA: S Schaefer, L J Carr: Division of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA: U Kreutzer, T Jue. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ulrike Kreutzer, Ulrike Kreutzer Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis TB172, Davis, California 95616, USA: S Schaefer, L J Carr: Division of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA: U Kreutzer, T Jue. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas Jue Thomas Jue Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis TB172, Davis, California 95616, USA: S Schaefer, L J Carr: Division of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA: U Kreutzer, T Jue. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 11, November 1993, Pages 2044–2051, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.11.2044 Published: 01 November 1993 Article history Received: 23 April 1993 Accepted: 14 July 1993 Published: 01 November 1993
Policy on the prevention of suicidal behaviour; one treatment for all may be an unrealistic expectation
Authors: A. Pitman
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

In the absence of clear guidelines on suicide prevention there is a pressing need to translate existing and future evidence into policy.Suicide is a behaviour, not a diagnosis, and has diverse underlying pathologies.Interventions have differential effects in specific risk groups, which may include paradoxical increases in risk.For these reasons, policy makers may need to abandon the goal of one treatment for all and focus on the distinct subgroups of patients at risk when selecting, evaluating and implementing preventive interventions.This has implications for the design of future research, but has the potential to increase the utility and cost-effectiveness of the data available, thereby benefiting policy makers, clinicians and patients.
Two cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Exophiala jeanselmei, in cardiac transplant and renal transplant patients
Authors: F. de Monbrison, M.A. Piens, B. Ample, S. Euvrard, P. Cochat, S. Picot
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Two cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis due to Exophiala jeanselmei, in cardiac transplant and renal transplant patients Get access F. De Monbrison, F. De Monbrison Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.A. Piens, M.A. Piens Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Ample, B. Ample Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Euvrard, S. Euvrard Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Cochat, P. Cochat Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Picot S. Picot Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Maladies Tropicales, *Service de Dermatologie and †Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital E. Herriot, HCL, Lyon, France E‐mail: fdmonb@rockefeller.univ‐lyon1.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 150, Issue 3, 1 March 2004, Pages 597–598, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2003.05794.x Published: 01 March 2004
Reciprocity—A Suggestion.
Authors: H. D. Furniss.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Selma, Ala., June 30, 1903. <i>To the Editor</i>:—For some time I have noticed that you have been trying to perfect some system of reciprocity between the licensing boards of different states. The scheme which I propose, if it could be carried out, might help those who have stood an examination in one state in getting a license in another. Should a physician practicing in one state wish to move to another he might be given the choice of standing the examination of the state into which he moves or be allowed to show his examination papers of the state in which he had already practiced; if these papers conform to the standard of the state into which he moves at the time of the examination he to be given a license in this state. A recent graduate might make a very fine showing before one board, but should he
Reply to the Letter to the Editor by van Diest, et al
Authors: Sunil R. Lakhani
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

In response: On behalf of the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium, I would like to thank Dr. van Diest and colleagues for taking an interest in our study investigating “basal” phenotype and prediction of BRCA1 status ([1][1]).

It should be pointed out that it was not within the scope of the
Goats' milk in infants and children.
Authors: T E Parry
Journal: BMJ (1984)

muscularly in infants and young children.School age children are not sedated but I tell them in detail what is going to happen.I have collected 178 biopsy specimens with the paediatric capsule from children with a mean age of 6-0 years (SD 5 5, range 5 months to 15 years) and 21 with the adult capsule in patients with a mean age of 16 7 years (SD 2-1, range 14-21 years).One out of 200 children (a 7 year old boy) refused to open his mouth.The table gives the results.This rapid method is appreciated by parents and older children and by the hospital staff.In routine clinical work I have not seen any advantage in using a steerable apparatus for small bowel biopsy such as recently described.'
N-Hexane Neuropathy
Authors: Allan Herskowitz, Nobuyoshi Ishii, Herbert Schaumburg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract In three adult cabinet finishers weakness and sensory loss developed as a result of prolonged and intense exposure to an industrial solvent. After leaving this employment, they improved. Analysis of the immediate environment and solvent revealed that each worker had an oral, respiratory and dermal contact with toxic levels of n-hexane. Adequate ventilation and direct contact precautions are essential in the future use of this common industrial solvent.
The regulatory T-cell response during acute retroviral infection is locally defined and controls the magnitude and duration of the virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell response
Authors: Gennadiy Zelinskyy, Kirsten K. Dietze, Yvonne P. Hüsecken, Simone Schimmer, Savita Nair, Tanja Werner, Kathrin Gibbert, Olivia Kershaw, Achim D. Gruber, Tim Sparwasser, Ulf Dittmer
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract 3733: Defining and targeting a Glioblastoma cancer stem cell population with EGF Receptor Variant III.
Authors: David R. Emlet, Catherine Del Vecchio, Puja Gupta, Siddhartha Mitra, Shuang-Yin Han, Marina Holgado-Madruga, Gordon Li, Kristen Jensen, Hannes Vogel, Stephen Skirboll, Albert J. Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The relationship between mutated proteins and the relatively rare cancer stem cell population is unclear since driver mutations are present throughout a tumor. Glioblastoma (GBM) tumors frequently express EGFRvIII, an EGFR variant that arises via gene rearrangement and amplification. The expression of EGFRvIII is restricted despite the prevalence of the alteration. Here we show that EGFRvIII is expressed in a population of human GBM cancer stem cells. EGFRvIII positive cancer stem cells demonstrate greater self-renewal and tumor initiation than the more abundant EGFRvIII negative cells. EGFRvIII positive cells are associated with stem/progenitor markers while markers of differentiation are found in EGFRvIII negative cells. EGFRvIII is highly co-expressed with CD133, and the EGFRvIII positive/CD133 positive sub-population defines the highest self-renewal and tumor initiating population. Surprisingly, wildtype EGFR was infrequently co-expressed with EGFRvIII but present in the majority of cells, both in primary GBM and cultured GBM neurospheres. Elimination of the EGFRvIII positive or the EGFRvIII/CD133 dual positive population with an engineered anti-EGFRvIII/CD133 bi-specific antibody reduced tumorigenicity of implanted tumor cells. This work demonstrates that a mutated oncogene can have CSC specific expression and be used to specifically target this population. Citation Format: David R. Emlet, Catherine Del Vecchio, Puja Gupta, Siddhartha Mitra, Shuang-Yin Han, Marina Holgado-Madruga, Gordon Li, Kristen Jensen, Hannes Vogel, Stephen Skirboll, Albert J. Wong. Defining and targeting a Glioblastoma cancer stem cell population with EGF Receptor Variant III. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3733. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3733
Pinocytosis by Human Alveolar Macrophages COMPARISON OF SMOKERS AND NONSMOKERS
Authors: Henry Yeager, Steven M. Zimmet, Sorell L. Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Alveolar macrophages were obtained from human volunteers, smokers and nonsmokers, by bronchial lavage through a fiberoptic bronchoscope. Cells were incubated in a chemically defined medium containing [14C]sucrose (0.36 mM) and varying concentrations of rabbit serum. Pinocytosis was assessed by the cellular uptake of isotope over 30, 75, and 120-min periods. Pinocytic activity of smokers' cells was dependent on serum concentration but always less than the activity of nonsmokers' cells. The degree of pinocytosis by nonsmokers' cells was independent of serum concentration. It is concluded that the decreased level of pinocytic activity in smokers' alveolar macrophages as indicated by the uptake of sucrose in the presence of rabbit serum may represent a form of reticuloendothelial blockade.
Effect of a Heart Failure Program on Hospitalization Frequency and Exercise Tolerance
Authors: Sai Hanumanthu, Javed Butler, Don Chomsky, Stacy Davis, John R. Wilson
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Most patients with heart failure are currently managed by physicians with little specific expertise in heart failure. This management system has been associated with evidence of suboptimal care, such as high rates of hospital readmission and underuse of ACE inhibitors. The current study was undertaken to determine whether hospitalization rates and functional outcomes are improved when patients are managed by physicians with special expertise in heart failure working in a dedicated heart failure program. Methods and Results All patients with heart failure referred to the Vanderbilt Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation Program between July 1994 and June 1995 were identified. Annual hospitalization rates, medications, and peak exercise capacity before and after referral were compared in patients followed for &gt;30 days. A total of 187 patients were referred during the index time period, of whom 134 (72%) were followed for &gt;30 days. During the year before referral, 94% of the patients were hospitalized (210 cardiovascular hospitalizations) versus 44% of the patients during the year after referral (104 hospitalizations) (53% reduction) ( P &lt;.01). Hospitalizations for heart failure decreased from 164 to 60 for all patients regardless of follow-up duration and decreased from 97 to 30 (69% reduction) for patients followed at least 1 year after referral. Eighty-eight of the patients were able to exercise at the time of referral. Peak exercise V̇ o 2 in this group increased from 12.8±4.7 to 15.7±4.8 mL · min −1 · kg −1 ( P &lt;.01) by 6 months after referral. Loop diuretic doses were on averaged doubled during the first 6 months after referral. Conclusions These findings suggest that patients with heart failure have fewer hospitalizations for heart failure and are significantly more functional when managed by heart failure specialists working in a dedicated heart failure program rather than by physicians with limited expertise in heart failure.
Prevention of Serum Hepatitis
Authors: Merrill J. Wicks
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To the Editor:  —The editorial in the Sept 28 issue ofThe Journal(185:1037), entitled Prevention of High Fatality Rate in Serum Hepatitis, is timely and merits comment.  We may commend the emphasis therein on the prevention of clinical hepatitis after the infusion of  products. However, the production logistics as well as costs of such a program are understandably immense, rendering it logically impractical at present, even with the increasing use of plasmapheresis and fractionation from placentas. Also I could not agree more with the statement in the editorial that blood transfusion should be given only when that need also is vital. However, a third aspect, which is often neglected by the attending physician, was not mentioned, namely, policing of the donor population in the  bank.  The major epidemiological problem of serum hepatitis is certainly and fundamentally that of eliminating the carrier who has been motivated to
Should Assisted Suicide Be Only Physician Assisted?
Authors: Kathy Faber-Langendoen, Jason H.T. Karlawish
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Discussions in the media, courts, legislatures, and professional societies generally assume assistance with suicide to be a physician's task; in these venues it is commonly referred to as "physician-assisted suicide." This paper defines both the necessity and the limits of the physician's role in assisted suicide by asking the question: Should assisted suicide be only physician assisted? Although physician involvement is necessary, we argue that it is not sufficient to ensure that patients requesting assisted suicide receive the best care. Assisted suicide requires physician involvement, but physicians' limited competence in performing the full range of tasks, the competencies of other professions, and the possibility that other professions could expand their authority in this area suggest that physician-assisted suicide is a far too narrow construct of the task. The willingness of other professionals—including nurses, social workers, and clergy—to participate and even take the lead in assisting suicides is critical to meet society's interest that assisted suicide should be humane, effective, and confined to appropriate cases. As long as legislation and guidelines focus exclusively on the physician's role, our laws and regulations will fall short of meeting societal expectations.
Juvenile Antioxidant Treatment Prevents Adult Deficits in a Developmental Model of Schizophrenia
Authors: Jan-Harry Cabungcal, Danielle S. Counotte, Eastman M. Lewis, Hugo A. Tejeda, Patrick Piantadosi, Cameron Pollock, Gwendolyn G. Calhoon, Elyse M. Sullivan, Echo Presgraves, Jonathan Kil, L. Elliot Hong, Michel Cuenod, Kim Q. Do, Patricio O’Donnell
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Pentraxin 3: A Novel Biomarker for Predicting Progression from Prostatic Inflammation to Prostate Cancer
Authors: Giovanni Stallone, Luigi Cormio, Giuseppe Stefano Netti, Barbara Infante, Oscar Selvaggio, Giuseppe Di Fino, Elena Ranieri, Francesca Bruno, Clelia Prattichizzo, Francesca Sanguedolce, Simona Tortorella, Pantaleo Bufo, Giuseppe Grandaliano, Giuseppe Carrieri
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is a member of the pentraxin family of innate immune regulators, which includes C-reactive protein (CRP). PTX3 has been implicated in angiogenesis, proliferation, and immune escape in cancer. In the present study, we evaluated PTX3 tissue expression and serum concentration as a biomarker to discriminate prostatic inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) from prostate cancer, and to determine whether PTX3 status may predict progression from BPH to prostate cancer. We analyzed 40 patients with biopsy-proven BPH who underwent a second prostate biopsy 12 to 36 months later when they were diagnosed with prostate cancer or inflammation/BPH (n = 20 patients each group). Furthermore, we evaluated PTX3 serum concentrations in an independent set of patients with biopsy-proven inflammation/BPH (n = 61) and prostate cancer (n = 56). We found reduced PTX3 tissue expression in patients with prostatic inflammation/BPH compared with patients who developed prostate cancer. In the latter group, there was an increase in PTX3 tissue expression between the first and second prostate biopsy. PTX3 serum levels were also higher in patients with prostate cancer than in patients with inflammation/BPH. In contrast, there was no difference in serum PSA or CRP levels in these two groups. ROC curve analysis confirmed the reliability of PTX3 serum levels in predicting prostate cancer development, identifying a cutoff value of 3.25 ng/mL with a sensitivity and a specificity of 89.3% and 88.5%, respectively. In summary, our results encourage further evaluation of PTX3 as a tissue biopsy and blood-borne biomarker to discriminate BPH from prostate cancer. Cancer Res; 74(16); 4230–8. ©2014 AACR.