tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Leader in War on Cancer Looks Ahead: Talking With Vincent T. DeVita, Jr, MD
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

FEW PEOPLE today are better qualified to go out on the shaky limb of predicting progress in the war against cancer than Vincent T. DeVita, Jr, MD. And no time has been as good as today for going out on that limb, now that scientists have a good idea of how cells become cancerous. DeVita, a highly decorated five-star general in the campaign to conquer cancer, has been on the front lines since before the passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971, which was a turning point, he says, in the long and bitter struggle to defeat the disease.  DeVita, now director of the Yale Cancer Center and professor of epidemiology and public health and professor of medicine at Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn, has witnessed, and played a large part in, the development of a wealth of research tools that has at last pried open
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON PROPRIETARY MEDICINES.
Authors: O. T. OSBORNE
Journal: JAMA (1905)

In the report of this committee made last year, the fundamental principles which should govern physicians in the employment of proprietary medicines were presented, and their adoption by the section was the first concrete result from several years of speculation. The enunciation of these principles, no doubt largely aided, if they did not influence, the Board of Trustees of the A. M. A., which, through the Secretary, the Editor ofThe Journal, authorized the organization of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry for the purpose of taking up this question in a practical manner. During the five months the Council has been at work, many phases of the proprietary-medicine question have come up for consideration, but the one which to our mind is the most important, and which it is thought most apropriate to bring before the Section is that of the nomenclature of this class of medicines. In order
Ueberempfindlichkeit und Immunität
Authors: Kurt Stern
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The almost exponential rate of growth in immunopathology, as applied to clinical and experimental medicine, has created an urgent need for a comprehensive, reliable, and imaginative presentation of this complex topic. Although the present volume conforms to the traditional "Handbuch" style of scholarship it falls somewhat short of expectations. Essentially, this may reflect the fact that the main portion on morphology of immunopathologic reactions, contributed by E. Letterer, is strong on analysis but much weaker on effective synthesis, eg, while transplantation immunity, tolerance, and the role of the thymus in development of immunologic competence are discussed in several contexts, there is no coherent presentation of these phenomena and their correlates in human disease. The local Shwartzman reaction is discussed on two pages in connection with the Arthus phenomenon, but one page alone deals with the generalized Shwartzman reaction. The rather ponderous German style does not make it any easier for
Reviews and Notes: HIV Medicine: People with HIV and Those Who Help Them: Challenges, Integration, Intervention
Authors: George W. Jordan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 January 1996Reviews and Notes: HIV Medicine: People with HIV and Those Who Help Them: Challenges, Integration, InterventionGeorge W. Jordan, MDGeorge W. Jordan, MDUniversity of California, Davis Sacramento, CA 95817.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-2-199601150-00036 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail RD Shelby. 245 pages. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Pr; 1995. $14.95. ISBN 1-56023-865-8. Order phone 800-342-9678.Providers of medical care to persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection tend first to see things in mechanical terms. The epidemiology of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the pathophysiology of illness, and the possibilities of intervention are essential dimensions of our response to the epidemic, but they are not enough. In this new book, Dennis Shelby describes the experiences of gay men who have tested positive for HIV antibodies. First, he describes his methods of data acquisition and analysis; then he introduces his results ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Davis Sacramento, CA 95817. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 2Page: 280KeywordsAIDSAntibodiesData acquisitionEpidemiologyHIVHIV infectionsMedical staff ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
For preventing exacerbations of COPD, withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids was noninferior to continuation
Authors: Matthew B. Stanbrook
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club17 March 2015For preventing exacerbations of COPD, withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids was noninferior to continuationMatthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDMatthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDUniversity Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.B.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-6-005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMagnussen H, Disse B, Rodriguez-Roisin R, et al; WISDOM Investigators. Withdrawal of inhaled glucocorticoids and exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1285-94. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25196117Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Pulmonology: References1. van der Valk P, Monninkhof E, van der Palen J, Zielhuis G, van Herwaarden C. Effect of discontinuation of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the COPE study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166:1358-63. [PMID: 12406823] Google Scholar2. Kew KM, Seniukovich A. Inhaled steroids and risk of pneumonia for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;3: CD010115. [PMID: 24615270] Google Scholar3. Gershon AS, Campitelli MA, Croxford R, et al. Combination long-acting β-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids compared with long-acting β-agonists alone in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA. 2014;312:1114-21. [PMID: 25226477] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Matthew B. Stanbrook, MD, PhDAffiliations: University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (M.B.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 March 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 6Page: JC5KeywordsAsthmaBronchodilatorsCancer treatmentChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseDyspneaForced expiratory volume in the first second of expirationHazard ratioLung and intrathoracic tumorsQuestionnairesSteroids ePublished: 17 March 2015 Issue Published: 17 March 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Revisiting Duty-Hour Limits — IOM Recommendations for Patient Safety and Resident Education
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

On December 2, about 5 years after the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) imposed national limits on the duty hours of medical residents, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued a report recommending that further measures be taken to ensure that hospitals provide safer conditions for patients and trainees while maintaining rigorous teaching programs.1 The report concludes that these new measures should be focused on alleviating fatigue and loss of sleep among trainees, increasing their supervision by more senior physicians, improving the processes by which responsibilities for patients are transferred from physicians going off duty to those coming on, . . .
Terra firme-forme dermatosis of the scalp
Authors: R. Mallari, R.D. Sinclair
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

A 4‐year‐old girl had a 2‐month history of fixed pigmentation on the scalp in an area of regrowing alopecia areata (Fig. 1). It could not be removed by water, soap or shampoo, but came away with an alcohol swab (Fig. 2). Terra firme‐forme dermatosis is reported on the neck in children and young adults, and appears identical to dermatitis neglecta described on the arm, lips and around a naevus in adults. It has not been reported on the scalp. There was no history of preceding injury or topical application to the scalp and the nature of this exogenous pigment remains unknown.
Sodium-lithium countertransport activity in red blood cells: Authors' reply
Authors: G C Viberti, R Trevisan, T Tariq, J D Walker
Journal: BMJ (1990)

patients with renal disease and hypertension, not the incidence of renal disease in subjects with raised countertransport (which is not known).89It cannot be concluded, therefore, that patients with essential hypertension and raised countertransport are at increased risk of nephropathy.
Rupture of the Renal Artery Nine Days After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty
Authors: Jeffrey W. Olin
Journal: JAMA (1987)

ATHEROSCLEROTIC renal artery disease may present with hypertension and/or renal failure.<sup>1-3</sup>Several recent reports suggest that total occlusion of the renal artery, or end-stage renal disease secondary to atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, may not be as uncommon as previously thought.<sup>4,5</sup>Renal revascularization has been successfully performed on this high-risk group of patients for preservation of renal function.<sup>1,3,5-7</sup>Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has also been employed as a safe and effective procedure when dealing with atherosclerotic renal artery disease<sup>8-12</sup>and has been used to restore blood flow to a totally occluded renal artery.<sup>13,14</sup> We report herein a case in which PTA of the renal artery was performed for restoration of renal function. Initially, the patient had a technically successful result, but she died suddenly nine days after the procedure from rupture of the renal artery. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the
Improving the experience of care for adults using NHS mental health services: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: T. Kendall, M. J. Crawford, C. Taylor, C. Whittington, D. Rose
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Excellent service user experience is part of high quality healthcare, as well as a right and a necessity for all service users in the NHS.1 2 3 It is especially relevant for people with mental health problems, who often have repeated and/or prolonged contact with services, with nearly a quarter of adults meeting criteria for a diagnosis of mental disorder in England.4 Moreover, mental health problems are associated with considerable stigma in the health service, and users of mental health services, unlike any other health service users, can be detained and treated against their will under the Mental Health Act.5 National surveys of mental health service users show that, although most are satisfied with their care, a substantial minority have a poor experience of care and many report finding it difficult to access services especially during crises.6 Concerns have also been expressed about the quality of inpatient mental health services.7 This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on service users’ experience of adult mental health services; these recommendations come from the first NICE guidance for which a development group was chaired by a service user (jointly with a healthcare professional).8 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of the best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group’s experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. ### Relationships, communication, and information provision Work in partnership with people using mental health services and their families or carers, ensuring that you:
Spontaneous and Induced Variations in Serum Lipoproteins
Authors: H. L. CHANDLER, E. Y. LAWRY, K. G. POTEE, G. V. MANN
Journal: Circulation (1953)

The diurnal variability of several classes of serum lipoproteins and cholesterol has been measured in human subjects. The S f 12-20 class of lipoprotein and the cholesterol were found stable in reference to the technical limitation of the method, but the S f 20-100 class showed significant variation although without evidence of a trend. The effect of intravenous heparin treatment was described. The buccal administration of heparin had no effect. The heparinoid substance Treburon produced a decrease in the S f 20-100 material at three and five hours and decrease in serum total cholesterol and phospholipids at five and seven hours when administered buccally.
Balancing “No Blame” with Accountability in Patient Safety
Authors: Robert M. Wachter, Peter J. Pronovost
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The authors argue that in the context of appropriate efforts to reduce medical errors by correcting problems in care-delivery systems, health care organizations have underemphasized individual responsibility. They propose punishing providers who repeatedly do not adhere to procedures for improving patient safety, such as hand washing.
SUPPRESSED CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN TWO ADULTS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Authors: WALTER C. LOBITZ, JUAN F. HONEYMAN, NORMAN W. WINKLER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article SUPPRESSED CELL‐MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN TWO ADULTS WITH ATOPIC DERMATITIS Get access WALTER C. LOBITZ, Jr., WALTER C. LOBITZ, Jr. Department of Dermatology, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon 97201, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JUAN F. HONEYMAN, JUAN F. HONEYMAN Department of Dermatology, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon 97201, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NORMAN W. WINKLER NORMAN W. WINKLER Department of Dermatology, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon 97201, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 4, 1 April 1972, Pages 317–328, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05045.x Published: 01 April 1972 Article history Accepted: 15 October 1971 Published: 01 April 1972
Results of lead research: prenatal exposure and neurological consequences.
Authors: R A Goyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The history of advances in the understanding of the toxic effects of lead over the past 20 years is an outstanding example of how knowledge learned from research can impact public health. Measures that have had the greatest impact on reducing exposure to lead are reduction of lead from gasoline, elimination of lead solder from canned food, removal of lead from paint, and abatement of housing containing lead-based paint. Nevertheless, continuing factors that enhance risk to lead exposure, particularly during fetal life, are low socioeconomic status, old housing with lead-containing paint, and less than ideal nutrition, particularly low dietary intake of calcium, iron, and zinc. Prenatal exposure may result from endogenous sources such as lead in the maternal skeletal system or maternal exposures from diet and the environment. Experimental studies have shown that the developing nervous system is particularly sensitive to the toxic effects of lead and that a large number of the effects in the nervous system are due to interference of lead with biochemical functions dependent on calcium ions and impairment of neuronal connections dependent on dendritic pruning. There is need for more study to determine whether these effects are a continuum of prenatal lead exposure or whether prenatal exposure to lead produces unique effects.
A common uptake system for serotonin and dopamine in human platelets.
Authors: G S Omenn, L T Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Kinetic and pharmacologic properties of uptake of serotonin and dopamine by normal human platelets have been investigated to test whether platelets can be employed as a model system for the reuptake of serotonin and dopamine in brain. Uptake of serotonin into platelets closely resembles reuptake of serotonin into serotonergic neurons. In contrast, uptake of dopamine into platelets appears to be mediated inefficiently via the specific serotonin uptake mechanism, based upon several lines of evidence. Serotonin and dopamine compete with each other, Antidepressant drugs, which are competitive inhibitors of uptake of both of these neurotransmitters, act at the same concentration of drug despite large differences in the Km values. Serotonin antagonists inhibit both serotonin and dopamine uptake. Finally, a serotonin-specific uptake inhibitor (fluoxetine) blocks dopamine, as well as serotonin, uptake.
Effects of 9-Alpha-Fluoro Hydrocortisone Acetate on Adrenal Function
Authors: H. F. West
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1955)

Boland and Headley (1954) described their clinical trials of 9-a-fluoro hydrocortisone acetate (9-a-fF) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Although salt-retention made the use of this drug in the treat- ment of rheumatoid arthritis impracticable, they saw in it a new hope, since its existence demonstrated the possibility of producing analogues of hydro- cortisone with physiological properties differentially enhanced.The properties studied were the "anti- inflammatory" (anti-rheumatoid in this instance) and x 17-hydroxycorticosteroids 0-----17-ketosteroids 9-.-fluoro hydrocortisone acetate 10. 6I-z8 -0 O 6mu x j4z , 2 previous assays 31 %-1
Serum Cholesterol and Death From Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Philip R. J. Burch
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Stamler et al 1 refer  recommendations by expert groups to shift [by dietary measures] the serum cholesterol distribution of the whole population downward, plus special approaches for individuals and families at higher risk. They conclude: It is a reasonable inference that the steady and marked decline in CHD mortality in the United States since the late 1960s... is related  the improvements in nutrition and serum cholesterol distribution, as well as in other major risk factors (eg, cigarette use, blood pressure).  One feature common  these major risk factors is the pronounced inverse relationship between relative risk and age. 2 Thus, Stamler and colleagues show that the relative risk for men in the fifth quintile of serum cholesterol concentration compared with those in the first was 7.75 for men aged 35  39 years at entry, but only 2.40 for those aged 55  57 years
Late pulmonary sequelae after childhood bone marrow transplantation
Authors: I. Cerveri, M. C Zoia, P. Fulgoni, A. Corsico, L. Casali, C. Tinelli, M. Zecca, G. Giorgiani, F. Locatelli
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Respiratory function in transplanted children is important because of the long life expectancy of bone marrow transplant recipients, particularly children. Attention is now being focused on the late sequelae of treatment on organ system function. A few papers have been published but available data are somewhat conflicting. <h3>METHODS</h3> A cross sectional study aimed at evaluating the late effects of transplantation on lung function was performed in a group of 52 young patients who were given autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplants during childhood for haematological malignancies. <h3>RESULTS</h3> No patients reported chronic respiratory symptoms. The distribution of respiratory function patterns showed that only 62% of patients had respiratory function within the normal limits; 23% had a restrictive pattern and 15% had isolated transfer factor impairment. The percentage of patients with lung function abnormalities was higher in those who (1) received a bone marrow transplant after two or three complete remissions compared with those who were transplanted immediately after the first remission (54% vs 21%; p&lt;0.02), (2) underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation rather than an autologous transplantation (45% vs 26%; p = 0.06), and (3) had a pulmonary infection compared with those without (56% vs 26%; p = 0.07). <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> In spite of the absence of chronic respiratory symptoms there is a high prevalence of children with late pulmonary sequelae after bone marrow transplantation. Regular testing is recommended after transplantation, in particular in subjects at higher risk of lung injuries, such as those receiving transplants after more than one remission, those receiving allogeneic transplants, and those having suffered from pulmonary infections. When lung function abnormalities become apparent, long term follow up is necessary to see whether they become clinically relevant. All patients should remain non-smokers after transplantation and should have active early and aggressive treatment for respiratory illnesses.
Epicardial Excitation of the Ventricles in a Patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (Type B)
Authors: D. DURRER, J. P. ROOS
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Epicardial excitation was explored by means of an exploring electrode during operation on a patient with a large atrial septal defect of the secundum type, whose ECG indicated a Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome of type B. Very early excitation occurred, 10 msec after the end of the P wave, at the right lateral border, near the atrioventricular sulcus, an area which is located a relatively large distance from the atrioventricular node. Because the epicardial region closest to this node did not show early excitation, it was concluded that in this heart the node was not involved, but that a muscular bypass between the right atrial muscle and the closely adjacent right ventricular surface was responsible. The location corresponds with that described in several extensive anatomic studies of hearts with a WPW syndrome. The right ventricle was activated predominantly or completely by an excitation wave originating in this area; the excitation pattern of the left ventricle did not differ significantly from the normal.