tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cloning and Stem Cells — Handicapping the Political and Scientific Debates
Authors: George Q. Daley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

On August 9, 2001, President George W. Bush delivered an extraordinary prime-time television address to the nation that was devoted exclusively to an arcane topic of basic biomedical research: human embryonic stem cells. After months of factfinding and rancorous debate, Bush announced that federal funding would indeed be provided for the study of these remarkable cells, though only for preexisting stocks. Although disappointing to those who had hoped he would banish all such research, Bush's decision was at its core an endorsement of the promise of human embryonic stem cells and their importance to the fledgling field of regenerative medicine. . . .
Damage to Candida albicans Hyphae and Pseudohyphae by the Myeloperoxidase System and Oxidative Products of Neutrophil Metabolism In Vitro
Authors: Richard D. Diamond, Robert A. Clark, Christian C. Haudenschild
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

In previous studies, we noted that Candida hyphae and pseudohyphae could be damaged and probably killed by neutrophils, primarily by oxygen-dependent nonphagocytic mechanisms. In extending these studies, amount of damage to hyphae again was measured by inhibition of [14C]cytosine uptake. Neutrophils from only one of four patients with chronic granulomatous disease damaged hyphae at all, and neutrophils from this single patient damaged hyphae far less efficiently than simultaneously tested neutrophils from normal control subjects. Neutrophils from neither of two subjects with hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency damaged the hyphae. This confirmed the importance of oxidative mechanisms in general and myeloperoxidase-mediated systems in particular in damaging Candida hyphae.
The detection and localization of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human ovarian cancer.
Authors: R P Negus, G W Stamp, M G Relf, F Burke, S T Malik, S Bernasconi, P Allavena, S Sozzani, A Mantovani, F R Balkwill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Chemokines may control the macrophage infiltrate found in many solid tumors. In human ovarian cancer, in situ hybridization detected mRNA for the macrophage chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in 16/17 serous carcinomas, 4/4 mucinous carcinomas, 2/2 endometrioid carcinomas, and 1/3 borderline tumors. In serous tumors, mRNA expression mainly localized to the epithelial areas, as did immunoreactive MCP-1 protein. In the other tumors, both stromal and epithelial expression were seen. All tumors contained variable numbers of cells positive for the macrophage marker CD68. MCP-1 mRNA was also detected in the stroma of 5/5 normal ovaries. RT-PCR demonstrated mRNA for MCP-1 in 7/7 serous carcinomas and 6/6 ovarian cancer cell lines. MCP-1 protein was detected by ELISA in ascites from patients with ovarian cancer (mean 4.28 ng/ml) and was produced primarily by the cancer cells. Human MCP-1 protein was also detected in culture supernatants from cell lines and in ascites from human ovarian tumor xenografts which induce a peritoneal monocytosis in nude mice. We conclude that the macrophage chemoattractant MCP-1 is produced by epithelial ovarian cancer and that the tumor cells themselves are probably a major source. MCP-1 may contribute to the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages, which may subsequently influence tumor behavior.
SURGICAL STERILIZATION AND STERILIZERS IN PRIVATE PRACTICE.
Authors: EDUARD BOECKMANN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Last May I delivered an address in Buffalo, N. Y., before the "Association of Military Surgeons" of the United States, on "Asepsis in Military Service." This address printed in the transactions of that society and also in our ownJournal, Nos. 4 and 5, Vol. 26 (January 25 and February 1, 1896), considers at length the principles of sterilization, and gives at the same time a number of practical points just as applicable in operations in private practice as in operations in military service, for which reason I take the liberty to refer you to that for details. With regard to the mechanical and chemic phases of surgical sterilization I have not much to add to or take from what I said last year. Supported by further experience I can this year more strongly than last recommend the 1 to 2 per cent. solutions of lysol at 120 degrees F.
Late postoperative hemodynamic results and cineangiocardiographic findings after Mustard atrial baffle repair for transposition of the great arteries.
Authors: P M Clarkson, J M Neutze, B G Barratt-Boyles, P W Brandt
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Forty-nine patients with transposition of the great arteries who underwent a Mustard atrial baffle repair between 1964 and 1971 were assessed late postoperatively. There have been five late deaths: two related to baffle obstruction, two from noncardiac causes, and one sudden and unexpected. Hemodynamic data were available in 42 patients and autopsy in four. Obstruction of the lower venous channel was not encountered. Three patients had severe obstruction of the upper venous channel and in four there was mild restriction. Two patients had severe pulmonary venous obstruction resulting in late death; mild asymptomatic obstruction could not be excluded with certainty in six patients. Tricuspid incompetence was infrequently encountered in patients with an essentially intact ventricular septum. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction was found in eight patients. In three it was present after satisfactory but incomplete surgical relief and in five it had not been recognized prior to operation. In only one of the latter patients was the obstruction important. Seventeen patients were operated on prior to one year of age. While baffle obstruction was confined almost entirely to these patients, the five youngest patients, aged one to nine weeks at operation, had adequate pulmonary and caval compartments at restudy two to three years later.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Waqas T. Qureshi, Zaid Alirhayim, Michael J. Blaha, Stephen P. Juraschek, Steven J. Keteyian, Clinton A. Brawner, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the relationship between CRF and atrial fibrillation (AF) is less clear. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the association between CRF and incident AF in a large, multiracial cohort that underwent graded exercise treadmill testing.From 1991 to 2009, a total of 64 561 adults (mean age, 54.5±12.7 years; 46% female; 64% white) without AF underwent exercise treadmill testing at a tertiary care center. Baseline demographic and clinical variables were collected. Incident AF was ascertained by use of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 427.31 and confirmed by linkage to medical claim files. Nested, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the independent association of CRF with incident AF. During a median follow-up of 5.4 years (interquartile range, 3-9 years), 4616 new cases of AF were diagnosed. After adjustment for potential confounders, 1 higher metabolic equivalent achieved during treadmill testing was associated with a 7% lower risk of incident AF (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.94; P<0.001). This relationship remained significant after adjustment for incident coronary artery disease (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.91-0.93; P<0.001). The magnitude of the inverse association between CRF and incident AF was greater among obese compared with nonobese individuals (P for interaction=0.02).There is a graded, inverse relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and incident AF, especially among obese patients. Future studies should examine whether changes in fitness increase or decrease risk of atrial fibrillation. This association was stronger for obese compared with nonobese, especially among obese patients.
Ogilvie's Syndrome
Authors: L. M. Gerlis
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Ogilvie's Syndrome SIR,-Five cases of intestinal ileus due to sympathetic deprivation have now been described in the Journal.Both in Ogilvie's' criginal case and in the later cases2 3 the interfering lesion was malignant invasion of the posterlor abdominal wal.Although " Ogilvie's syndrome."has not been precisely defined, it is suggested that the essential feature is the production of intestinal ileus by sympathetic involvement rather than the malignant nature of the causative lesion.The following case is therefore sugges ed as an example,of the condition, although the " invasion " of the posterior abdominal wall was due to a haemorrhagic, and not a neoplastic, process.The patient, a man of 69 years, was submitted to herniotomy for a right inguinal hernia of two years' duration.The operation was performed under spinal anaesthesia.An indirect sac was found and excised.Immediate post-operative progress was uneventful, but on the fifth day he commenced vomiting copiously, and this continued with rapid deterioration of his general condition until death occurred 11 days after operation.During this time the patient was consti- pated, but passed much rectal flatus.-Blood urea on the day preceding death was 364 mg. per 100 ml.
Balancing Autonomy and Decisional Enhancement: An Evidence-Based Approach
Authors: Noah Castelo, Peter B. Reiner, Gidon Felsen
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

"Balancing Autonomy and Decisional Enhancement: An Evidence-Based Approach." The American Journal of Bioethics, 12(2), pp. 30–31 Acknowledgments Supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Mycobacterium chelonae infection successfully treated with oral clarithromycin and linezolid
Authors: S.D. Kyle, W.M. Porter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Mycobacterium chelonae infection successfully treated with oral clarithromycin and linezolid Get access S.D. Kyle, S.D. Kyle Departments of Rheumatology and Dermatology, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester GL1 3NN, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.M. Porter W.M. Porter Departments of Rheumatology and Dermatology, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester GL1 3NN, U.K W. M. Porter. E‐mail: william.porter@gloucr‐tr.swest.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 5, 1 November 2004, Page 1101, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06230.x Published: 01 November 2004 Article history Accepted: 16 April 2004 Published: 01 November 2004
Chronic HDV/HBV co-infection: Predictors of disease stage – a case series of HDV-3 patients
Authors: Wornei Silva Miranda Braga, Cintia Mara Costa de Oliveira, José Ribamar de Araújo, Marcia da Costa Castilho, Joelma Martins Rocha, Joao Bosco de Lima Gimaque, Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues Silva, Heline Lira Vasconcelos, Rajendranath Ramasawmy, Raymundo Paraná
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Impact of White-Coat Hypertension on Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kazuo Eguchi, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

In their recent study, Kramer et al. (1) performed a cross-sectional study comparing type 2 diabetes with white-coat hypertension (WCH) and normotension and showed that type 2 diabetic patients with WCH have an increased risk for diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. The results of their study point to the possibility that an acute rise in blood pressure levels in daily life has a deleterious impact on renal and retinal vessels. The findings of this study are important because the data have been scarce regarding the use of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in diabetic patients. The authors discussed the possibility that acute rise in blood pressure due to …
Action of Ryanodine on Mammalian Cardiac Muscle
Authors: TOYOMI SANO, HIROMICHI TSUCHIHASHI, TAKIO SHIMAMOTO
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

In our previous study, three types of intra-cellular potentials were found in a small area in the region adjacent to the postero-inferior margin of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum of the isolated dog heart. From the electrophysiologieal behavior of these cells, it was presumed that the cells of the third type were the point of block for retrograde conduction in cases of unidirectional A-V conduction, and that those of the first type lay upstream from the point of retrograde conduction block, whereas those of the second type lay- downstream beyond the blocking point. In this study, histological examination was used to find the origins of these three types of potentials. When a potential of one or another type was found the mieroelectrode tip was gently cut off and later localized histologically. It was found that all three types of potential originated from the ventricular portion of the specialized museilar tissue, that the origin of the third type was just above or at the bifurcation of the bundle of His, and that the origin of the first type was distal while that of the second type was proximal to the origin of the third type. Thus, the deduction from the electrophysiological behavior was proved by the histological examination. This gave further evidence for our belief that there is a sensitive point for retrograde conduction block in unidirectional A-V conduction just above the bifurcation of the bundle of His.
525 Fibroblasts induce cloned interleukin 3-depen-dent mouse nast cells to become similar to
Authors: E.T. Dayton, P. Pharr, M. Ogawa, W.E. Serafin, K.F. Austen, F. Levi-Schaffer, R.L. Stevens
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
Samuel Christian Friedrich Hahnemann
Authors: Theodore H. Ingalls
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

A HUNDRED and fifty years ago Samuel Hahne mann was bringing to completion his famous Organon, a work that had the effect of making its author a "doctor afield" in both figurative and literal senses. Born in Saxony in 1755, Hahnemann had studied medicine at Leipzig and Vienna, and he had received the medical degree at Erlangen in 1779. Shortly thereafter, while translating Cullen's Materia Medica into German, he was struck by the circumstance that the administration of quinine may give rise to symptoms very much like those for which the drug was customarily "exhibited." The implications seemed to . . .
Neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet laser photocoagulation for major haemorrhage from peptic ulcers and single vessels: a single blind controlled study.
Authors: I A MacLeod, P R Mills, J F MacKenzie, S N Joffe, R I Russell, D C Carter
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A prospective single blind controlled trial was performed to assess the efficacy of the neodymium yttrium aluminium garnet laser in the management of patients bleeding from peptic ulcers and single vessels. Over 20 months 184 patients were found at endoscopy to be bleeding from peptic ulcers and single vessels; 130 of these failed to meet the criteria for entry into the study, but their bleeding stopped with conservative management. Forty-five patients entered the study: in all 25 who were bleeding from ulcers with spots the bleeding stopped irrespective of the treatment allocated. Twenty patients were bleeding from arteries. Eight were allocated to placebo treatment, and all later underwent emergency surgery for further haemorrhage. Twelve were allocated to receive laser treatment, and only one of eight who actually received it required surgery (p less than 0.002). It is concluded that laser treatment reduces the incidence of further haemorrhage and the need for emergency surgery, but the technique is difficult and not always applicable.
Moving Targets for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: M. Mateo Paz Soldán, Brian G. Weinshenker
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Abstract C55: Detachment of epithelial cells is driven by myosin-based contractility and RhoA
Authors: Jacob Peter Hoj, Kendra Fullmer, John Davis, David Morrell, MDH Hansen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Metastasis requires shedding and migration of individual cells from the tumor. In tumors of epithelial origin, cells often maintain strong cell-cell interactions that must be disassembled prior to cell detachment. Remodeling of cell-cell adhesions occurs during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a developmental process where individual cells are triggered to detach and migrate to distant sites by developmental signaling programs. It is thought that inappropriate activation of EMT drives metastasis, particularly by allowing detachment and migration of cancer cells. While much is known about migration and invasion, how cell-cell junctions are detached remains poorly understood. Here we sought to examine how changes in adhesion and contractility are coupled to drive detachment of individual epithelial cells during hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/ scatter factor-induced EMT. We find that HGF signaling actually increases cell-cell adhesion between cells in suspension, suggesting that changes in cell-cell adhesion are not enough to drive epithelial scattering. Instead, cell-substrate adhesion seems to play a bigger role. Cell-substrate adhesion increases upon HGF stimulation and alterations in the pliability of the subtratum alter cells' ability to undergo scattering. Interestingly, scattering is impaired in cells expressing both active and inactive RhoA mutants. While this also indicates a role for important changes in cell-substrate adhesion during cell-cell detachment, RhoA also affects myosin-based contractility. We sought to examine how myosin-based contractility contributes to cell-cell detachment. Inhibition of Rho kinase or myosin II induces the same effect on cells, namely initiation of cell spreading and an inability to rupture cell-cell adhesions in response to HGF treatment. Interestingly, when cell spreading is induced by transient treatment of cells with blebbistatin, blebbistatin washout results in cellular events that closely resemble HGF-induced epithelial scattering. This suggests that global suppression and subsequent induction of myosin II activity may be sufficient to rupture cell-cell adhesions. Such experiments also suggest a role for RhoA, as blebbistatin-induced scattering is not fully completed in cells expressing a dominant-negative RhoA mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that cell-cell detachment is controlled by contractility, with a contribution by RhoA-mediated changes in cell adhesion. Citation Format: Jacob Peter Hoj, Kendra Fullmer, John Davis, David Morrell, MDH Hansen. Detachment of epithelial cells is driven by myosin-based contractility and RhoA. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C55.
Research on preventing road traffic injuries in developing countries is needed
Authors: Pablo Perel, Megan McGuire, Koshy Eapen, Alexandre Ferraro
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—The dedication of the World Health Organization's World Health Day 2004 to road safety is recognition of the global threat of road traffic injuries. Increasing population size, vehicle ownership, road infrastructure, and transnational transportation have created a substantial public health burden. However, little epidemiological research has been conducted into …
Expression of scinderin in megakaryoblastic leukemia cells induces differentiation, maturation, and apoptosis with release of plateletlike particles and inhibits proliferation and tumorigenesis
Authors: Rodolfo Zunino, Qinggang Li, Sergio Daniel Rosé, Marı́a Margarita Itatı́ Romero-Benı́tez, Tatiana Lejen, Nora Cristina Brandan, José-Marı́a Trifaró
Journal: Blood (2001)
Explaining outputs of primary health care: population and practice factors.
Authors: D Baker, R Klein
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To examine whether variations in the activities of general practice among family health service authorities can be explained by the populations characteristics and the organisation and resourcing of general practice. DESIGN--The family health services authorities were treated as discrete primary health care systems. Nineteen performance indicators reflecting the size, distribution, and characteristics of the population served; the organisation of general practice (inputs); and the activities generated by general practitioners and their staff (output) were analysed by stepwise regression. SETTING--90 family health services authorities in England. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Rates of cervical smear testing, immunisation, prescribing, and night visiting. RESULTS--53% of the variation in uptake of cervical cytology was accounted for by Jarman score (t = -3.3), list inflation (-0.41), the proportion of practitioners over 65 (-0.64), the number of ancillary staff per practitioner (2.5), and 70% of the variation in immunisation rates by standardised mortality ratios (-6.6), the proportion of practitioners aged over 65 (-4.8), and the number of practice nurses per practitioner (3.5). Standardised mortality ratios (8.4), the number of practitioners (2.3), and the proportion over 65 (2.2), and the number of ancillary staff per practitioner (-3.1) accounted for 69% of variation in prescribing rates. 54% of the variation in night visiting was explained by standardised mortality ratios (7.1), the proportion of practitioners with lists sizes below 1000 (-2.2), the proportion aged over 65 (-0.4), and the number of practice nurses per practitioner (-2.5). CONCLUSIONS--Family health services authorities are appropriate systems for studying output of general practice. Their performance indicators need to be refined and to be linked to other relevant factors, notably the performance of hospital, community, and social services.