tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
362 The direct role of hepatitis C virus core protein influencing on liver fibrogenesis: study using co-culture system
Authors: S YOON, J SHIN, C KIM, S BAE, J CHOI, S CHO, J YANG, N HAN, Y LEE, K CHUNG
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Background/Aims: The regulation of three major intracellular signalling protein kinases was investigated in two models of liver injury leading to hepatic fibrosis, dimethylnitrosamine administration (DMN) and bile duct ligation (BDL).Methods: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2, c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) and p70S6-kinase (p70S6K) were studied in vivo in the whole liver, in liver sections and in isolated hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSC).Results: In the whole liver, activation of these kinases occurred with a different kinetic pattern in both models of liver injury. By immunohistochemistry and Western blot in isolated cells, phosphorylated kinases were detected in proliferating cells (i.e. hepatocytes and cholangiocytes after DMN and BDL, respectively), in addition to stellate-like elements. ERK1/2, JNK and p70S6K activation was associated with hepatocytes proliferation after DMN, while JNK activation was not associated with cholangiocytes proliferation after BDL. In HSC isolated from injured livers, protein kinases were differentially activated after BDL and DMN. Kinases activation in HSC in vivo preceded cell proliferation and alpha-smooth muscle actin appearance, a marker of HSC transformation in myofibroblast-like cells, and collagen deposition.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that these kinases are coordinately regulated during liver regeneration and suggest that their modulation could be considered as a future therapeutic approach in the management of liver damage.
Nursing in Maternity Hospitals
Authors: J. A. Holland
Journal: BMJ (1958)

between the men with oscillations and those without on any of the tests. In Heron I, the mean score of the men with oscillations was in fact higher (more neurotic) than that of the men without. Any suggestion, therefore, that the differences obtained in my study between the men with nystagmus and the controls were due to the men without oscillations being more neurotic is unlikely. In this study the severity of the disease was assessed from the symptoms and time the men had been off work before certification. -I am, etc.,
New Tricks for Animal MicroRNAs: Targeting of Amino Acid Coding Regions at Conserved and Nonconserved Sites
Authors: Isidore Rigoutsos
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short RNAs that affect the expression of a protein-coding gene either by directing the degradation of its "target" mRNA or by disrupting its translation into amino acids. Target selection depends on the underlying sequence as well as other, currently not understood, factors. In plants, miRNAs typically interact with the amino acid coding region of the target mRNA. However, in animals, research has been nearly exclusively confined to studying miRNA interactions with the 3' untranslated region of their mRNA targets. This region-limited view of animal miRNA activity, together with the assumption that bona fide animal miRNA targets ought to be conserved across organisms, have been in effect for many years. Recent work has shown that miRNAs can target extensively the amino acid coding region of animal mRNAs and can do so at locations that are not necessarily conserved across organisms.
Training in Short-Term Psychotherapy
Authors: Mauricio Knobel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

A new approach to short-term psychotherapy, based on psychoanalytic theory is presented as 'Therapy of limited time and objectives'. Personal experience, psychoanalytic knowledge and flexibility for accepting technical modifications allow for familiarity with concepts such as 'available setting', 'Operational time' and 'adequate therapeutic time', which together with supervision and deep psychoanalytic learning, emphasizing counter-transferential knowledge, shall help to achieve a <i>true epistemophilic sentiment</i>, essential for empathic observation and listening, basic for training in short-term psychotherapy.
CRITICAL TREATMENT PROBLEMS IN TODAY'S SYPHILOLOGY
Authors: JOHN H. STOKES
Journal: JAMA (1930)

I have selected four topics for this presentation from a field of almost unlimited possibilities. As is my custom, knowing my failings, I apologize at the outset for a certain schoolmasterly didacticism of presentation, which is of the word only, and not inspired by ignorance of the possibilities of error in dogmatic statement. I should like to stimulate thought and create a discussion rather than make final pronouncements on current problems. I shall accordingly consider recent developments in the control of infectiousness by organized and socialized treatment, which is, in essence, the management of early syphilis; the problem of bismuth; the prevention and control of the two most threatening aspects of late syphilis, disease of the heart and of the nervous system; and smoother treatment. <h3>THE CONTROL OF SYPHILIS BY TREATMENT OF THE INFECTIOUS</h3> One of the disservices which
THE PHYSICIAN AS MAN OF LETTERS, SCIENCE AND ACTION
Authors: Gilbert Cottam
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor: —</h3> InThe Journal, May 12, page 1637, appeared a book notice dealing with the recent work on this subject by Dr. Thomas Kirkpatrick Monro of Glasgow, containing some criticism because mention of certain names, chiefly contemporary, is omitted. May I point out that not all this criticism is warranted? In the first place, Monro clearly states in the preface that "no living persons are included in these biographies" and this quickly accounts for the omission of such names as those of A. J. Cronin, W. Somerset Maugham and Francis Brett Young among the writers of fiction, and those of Geddes and Ramon y Cajal among ambassadors and statesmen, since all these persons were alive when the book was written. "One seeks in vain under dramatists for the name of Arthur Schnitzler" further complains your reviewer, but had he consulted the biographic index he would have found
Non–Cell-Autonomous Roles for the Planar Cell Polarity Gene Vangl2 in Development of the Coronary Circulation
Authors: Helen M. Phillips, Victoria Hildreth, Jonathan D. Peat, Jennifer N. Murdoch, Kazuto Kobayashi, Bill Chaudhry, Deborah J. Henderson
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Establishment of cellular polarity is essential for the development of many tissues. In this study, we describe defects in the formation of the coronary vasculature in the loop-tail ( Lp ) mutant in which the planar cell polarity (PCP) gene, Vangl2 , is disrupted. Although Vangl2 is expressed exclusively in the myocardial cells of the developing heart, the coronary vessels do not develop an intact smooth muscle layer, and there are enlarged, ectopic vessels on the surface of the heart. Reduced fibronectin deposition in the subepicardial space is associated with limited migration of epicardially derived cells (EPDCs) into the ventricular myocardium and likely contributes to these defects. Analysis of cardiomyocytes shows that the actin cytoskeleton is disrupted and the cytoarchitecture of the ventricular myocardium is abnormal in Lp/Lp hearts. Moreover, activation of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling is disrupted in these cells. Conditional inhibition of myocardial Rho kinase activity disrupts the organization of the cardiomyocytes and formation of the coronary vessels to produce the same spectrum of defects as seen in Lp . These data suggest that Vangl2 and Rho kinase act cell autonomously in the myocardium to regulate the organization of cardiomyocytes but also have non–cell-autonomous effects on the formation of the coronary vasculature.
Update in Cardiology: Evidence Published in 2010
Authors: Rita F. Redberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Updates19 April 2011Update in Cardiology: Evidence Published in 2010Rita F. Redberg, MD, MScRita F. Redberg, MD, MScFrom University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00338 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This update summarizes 10 cardiology articles published in 2010 that were selected for their novelty, quality, and potential impact on clinical practice. The year was notable in documenting that we have significantly increased the number of procedures using ionizing radiation (computed tomography, myocardial perfusion imaging [MPI], coronary angiography) not uncommonly in asymptomatic persons without evidence of clinical benefit. In addition, several studies highlighted the importance of emphasizing lifestyle changes—diet, exercise, and smoking cessation—as the most effective way to reduce cardiovascular risk.Statins and Primary PreventionStatins Have No Benefit on All-Cause Mortality in High-Risk Primary Prevention ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.Article relevant to primary care general internistsArticle relevant to hospitalistsDisclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-0309.Corresponding Author: Rita F. Redberg, MD, MSc, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0214; e-mail, [email protected]ucsf.edu.Author Contributions: Conception and design: R.F. Redberg.Analysis and interpretation of the data: R.F. Redberg.Drafting of the article: R.F. Redberg.Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: R.F. Redberg.Final approval of the article: R.F. Redberg.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: R.F. Redberg.Collection and assembly of data: R.F. Redberg. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 April 2011Volume 154, Issue 8Page: 549-553KeywordsAngiographyBlood pressureGenetic diseasesPercutaneous coronary interventionStable coronary artery diseaseStatinsSystolic pressureType 2 diabetes ePublished: 19 April 2011 Issue Published: 19 April 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Subcellular localization of the large subunit of Mo1 (Mo1 alpha; formerly gp 110), a surface glycoprotein associated with neutrophil adhesion.
Authors: R F Todd, M A Arnaout, R E Rosin, C A Crowley, W A Peters, B M Babior
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Mo1 alpha (formerly gp 110) is a neutrophil glycoprotein whose deficiency is associated with abnormalities in several neutrophil functions, including defects in adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis. Examination of whole cells and subcellular components by the use of both immunological and electrophoretic techniques demonstrated that Mo1 alpha was located primarily in the specific granules but that a small portion was present in the plasma membrane, where it is exposed to the extracellular environment and can bind to anti-Mo1 antibody. During degranulation, Mo1 alpha is translocated from the specific granules to the plasma membrane, resulting in a 5-10-fold increase in the surface expression of this glycoprotein. These findings plus previous work suggest that plasma membrane-associated Mo1 alpha is needed for a normal interaction between neutrophils and underlying surfaces, and raise the possibility that the increase in surface adhesiveness of neutrophils that have discharged their specific granules might be due in part to the increase in the amount of Mo1 alpha in the plasma membranes of these degranulated cells.
Countering Cardiac Counterpulsation
Authors: Kelly J. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Sack et al<sup>1</sup>recently described improved survival with interposed abdominal compression CPR. This technique is not new and was originally described by Ohomoto and coworkers in 1976.<sup>2</sup>Sack and colleagues reported a 25% survival rate with interposed abdominal compression CPR as compared with 7% with standard CPR. The survival rate with standard CPR found by Sack et al was extremely low when compared with previous studies.<sup>3-5</sup>Their poor results after standard CPR suggest a selection bias in favor of interposed abdominal compression CPR and/or ineffectively performed standard CPR.
Is screening for bacteriuria in pregnancy worthwhile?
Authors: M E Foley, R Farquharson, J M Stronge
Journal: BMJ (1987)

infection will be differentiated by the absence or presence of virus specific IgG antibody in serum collected early in, or preferably before, pregnancy.The detection of infection in the first trimester, before the initial visit to the antenatal clinic, will remain difficult.The presence of virus specific IgM antibody in serum collected at the first clinic visit will suggest a maternal primary cytomegalovirus infection in the first trimester, but only if the woman lacks virus specific IgG antibody before pregnancy.Such IgM antibody will remain an insensitive marker of recurrent infection in that period of pregnancy.Hence the prospective study recommended by Dr Best will be both complex and expensive, requiring the examination of large numbers of samples of maternal urine for virus excretion.Nevertheless, further accurate knowledge of the pathogenesis of congenital cytomegalovirus infection, required to assess the potential role of vaccination in its prevention, will be obtained only in this way.
Hepatitis C viral kinetics in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells during pegylated interferon-α2a/ribavirin therapy
Authors: Paolo Pugnale, Eva Herrmann, Avidan U. Neumann, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Solko W. Schalm, Carlo Ferrari, Yonit Homburger, Stefan Zeuzem, Francesco Negro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Identification of type 1 von Willebrand disease patients with reduced von Willebrand factor survival by assay of the VWF propeptide in the European study: Molecular and Clinical Markers for the Diagnosis and Management of Type 1 VWD (MCMDM-1VWD)
Authors: Sandra L. Haberichter, Giancarlo Castaman, Ulrich Budde, Ian Peake, Anne Goodeve, Francesco Rodeghiero, Augusto B. Federici, Javier Batlle, Dominique Meyer, Claudine Mazurier, Jenny Goudemand, Jeroen Eikenboom, Reinhard Schneppenheim, Jorgen Ingerslev, Zdena Vorlova, David Habart, Lars Holmberg, Stefan Lethagen, John Pasi, Frank G. H. Hill, Robert R. Montgomery
Journal: Blood (2008)
Evidence for involvement of cyclic nucleotides in intrinsic factor secretion by isolated rabbit gastric mucosa.
Authors: C R Kapadia, D E Schafer, R M Donaldson, E R Ebersole
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Secretion of intrinsic factor (IF) has previously been demonstrated in isolated rabbit fundic mucosa maintained in organ culture. We have now investigated the possibility that cyclic nucleotides may play a role in IF secretion. A phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl methylxanthine (IBMX), stimulated IF secretion nearly fourfold while increasing tissue levels of both cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP). Peak IF secretion in response to IBMX was not reached until after tissue cAMP levels were maximal. Dibutyryl cAMP and 8-Br-cAMP increased secretion by the same order of magnitude as did IBMX, whereas corresponding analogues of cGMP had no such effect. Histamine increased secretion of IF. In the presence of 40 microM IBMX, histamine elevated tissue levels of cAMP, but not of cGMP, and the stimulating effect of 10 microM histamine on IF secretion was potentiated. An H2 receptor antagonist, cimetidine, blocked the increases in IF secretion and tissue cAMP levels due to histamine, and the increase in IF secretion due to IBMX. These observations are consistent with a role for cAMP in the secretion of IF by isolated gastric mucosa.
MODERN METHODS IN THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: WILLIAM F. WAUGH
Journal: JAMA (1898)

If we believe that for every ill that affects humanity there is somewhere a remedy, it would seem that even through the operation of blind chance there was a fair opportunity for lighting upon the means of curing tuberculosis. For in all parts of the medical world there is put into practice a most miscellaneous assortment of experiments. The power of suggestion is being demonstrated by the claims made in behalf of nearly all these essays. The need is so terrible, the boon to humanity would be so enormous, that one must look with kindly sympathy upon the man who desires to succeed. The fact that success in this matter means so much to humanity demands from us most careful scrutiny that no really valuable idea shall be lost on the most critical examination, that no delusion shall be permitted to prevail. Should my remarks, therefore assume somewhat the shape
Chemotherapy before surgery for colon cancer may improve survival, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Chemotherapy before surgery for locally advanced colon cancer significantly shrinks tumours, making them easier to remove and potentially reducing the risk of recurrence, shows a pilot study.1

Treating patients with other cancers of the digestive system with chemotherapy for several weeks before surgery is already standard practice, after trials showed that this prolonged survival. But the strategy had been considered too risky for colon cancer, because if tumour cells failed to respond and continued growing this could cause a potentially fatal blockage of the colon. It has also been difficult to determine which patients might benefit from preoperative chemotherapy.

The UK researchers randomly assigned 150 patients with locally advanced colorectal tumours to preoperative chemotherapy with three cycles of oxaliplatin, l-folinic acid, and fluorouracil …
The Bittersweet Pill As Therapeutic Aid
Authors: Leon J. Warshaw
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Your editorial, "The Bitter Pill" (<b>195</b>:306, 1966) calls attention to the danger that the fluid required for the ingestion of prescribed medication may exceed the restricted fluid intake allowed certain patients. I have found this a useful stratagem for assuring an adequate intake by certain other patients who, despite being urged to take fluids freely, deliberately or unconsciously limit their intake to undesirably low levels. Especially with elderly, debilitated patients in busy, understaffed hospitals, failure to provide a supply of palatably cool water and the assistance needed to drink it may compound this problem. In such instances, I have frequently prescribed a placebo dose of a few drops of a tincture or other liquid preparation to be given in a full glass of water three or four times a day. Not only does this overcome the patient's aversion to drinking plain water, but, since it is
Immune response to HBsAg and the spectrum of liver lesions in HBsAg-positive patients with chronic renal disease.
Authors: R M Galbraith, N el Sheikh, B Portmann, A L Eddleston, R Williams, V Parsons, M Bewick, C S Ogg
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Evidence of chronic hepatitis was found on histological examination in nine out of 15 patients positive for hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) who had either chronic renal failure or a functioning renal transplant. Cirrhosis had already developed in three of the patients, who deteriorated rapidly and died. Liver biopsies from the remaining 12 patients showed the features of chronic aggressive hepatitis in two, chronic persistent hepatitis in four, and minor histological lesions in six. The persistence of HBsAg in patients with renal failure or in those receiving immunosuppressive drugs after a transplant must indicate some impairment of the normal immune response to hepatitis-B viral antigens. Nevertheless, cellular or humoral immunity to HBsAg was detected in all eight patients with chronic hepatitis tested compared with only one out of five with minimal liver lesions, which suggests that the severity of the liver damage may be directly related to the degree of immunocompetence.
Rare MTNR1B variants impairing melatonin receptor 1B function contribute to type 2 diabetes
Authors: Amélie Bonnefond, Nathalie Clément, Katherine Fawcett, Loïc Yengo, Emmanuel Vaillant, Jean-Luc Guillaume, Aurélie Dechaume, Felicity Payne, Ronan Roussel, Sébastien Czernichow, Serge Hercberg, Samy Hadjadj, Beverley Balkau, Michel Marre, Olivier Lantieri, Claudia Langenberg, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Guillaume Charpentier, Martine Vaxillaire, Ghislain Rocheleau, Nicholas J Wareham, Robert Sladek, Mark I McCarthy, Christian Dina, Inês Barroso, Ralf Jockers, Philippe Froguel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
PERMANENT COLLAPSE THERAPY IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: RICHARD H. OVERHOLT
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The number of patients who arrest pulmonary tuberculosis to rejoin their families and live reasonably normal lives is steadily increasing. A large proportion who started treatment when the disease was already in an advanced stage have been salvaged through the aid of pulmonary collapse, effected by a reconstruction of the thoracic wall. This means that there is a significant and growing thoracoplasty population who will require close medical surveillance for the rest of their lives. Since this fragment of the population is not immune to other diseases, any doctor may be called on for advice. It is therefore desirable that all members of the profession be familiar with the changes in the thorax which are brought about by thoracoplasty. Roentgenologists are particularly concerned with the problems of these patients. Great reliance is placed on fluoroscopy and serial roentgenograms in following the progress of the arrested disease. It is essential that
<i>The Lady in Mauve</i>
Authors: Carrie A. Butt
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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Review of Jonathan Metzl,The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease1
Authors: Julie M. Aultman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2010)

In The Protest Psychosis, author Jonathan Metzl arouses the forgotten and silenced past and unravels a number of interrelated social, political, and institutional factors that made schizophrenia es...