tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1038: ZEB1 plays a pivotal role in hypoxia-mediated increase of <i>in vitro</i> invasion of glioblastoma-derived cell cultures and represents a novel neural stem cell marker in early development
Authors: Ulf D. Kahlert, Eric E. Raabe, Florian A. Siebzehnrubl, Eli E. Bar, Jaroslaw Maciaczyk, Charles G. Eberhart
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objective Hypoxia is thought to induce migration in many neoplasms, often by promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but the mechanisms by which it affects brain tumor invasion is less well understood. In particular, little is known about the possible role of EMT-associated factors in hypoxia-mediated induction of migratory phenotype in gliomas. Methods Migration and invasion of GBM-derived cell lines (n=3) cultivated as spheres in serum-free media under atmospheric oxygen (21% O2) and hypoxia (1% O2) were assessed in Boyden Chamber-based in vitro assays. Digoxin was used to inhibit the HIF-1-mediated hypoxic response. The importance of the EMT-factor ZEB1 in our model was investigated by inhibiting its expression using sh-RNA delivered by lentivirus. Results Hypoxia led to a significant increase of in vitro invasion in all three neurosphere lines tested (GBM1 up to 6fold, 622 up to 3fold and over 10fold for 821; p=0.001). This was accompanied by induction of EMT effectors including ZEB1, SNAI1 and TWIST1 as compared to normoxic cultures. Digoxin-mediated inhibition of HIF1a transcription resulted in abolition of this phenomenon. Additionally, histological analysis of patient-derived GBM samples revealed an abundance of ZEB1 positive cells in hypoxic, peri-necrotic tumor areas. Strikingly, ZEB1-knockdown significantly reduced the invasive behavior of the cells. Interestingly, we also identified numerous ZEB1-postive cells in fetal neurogenic regions and migrating neuroblasts in both human and rodent brains. Furthermore, analyses of human fetal neural progenitors showed that ZEB1 expression is correlated with stem cell phenotype and established neural stem- and progenitor markers including SOX2 and NESTIN. Finally, analysis of TCGA and Rembrandt datasets identified up-regulation of EMT factors such as TWIST1, SNAI1 and SNAI2 was found in the aggressive, mesenchymal subgroup of GBM. Conclusion While malignant gliomas are not epithelial tumors, hypoxia increases the invasion capacity of GBM cells at least in part by inducing expression of EMT markers such as ZEB1. ZEB1 is also most highly expressed in the developing fetal brain in migrating stem and progenitor cells, suggesting it may play a similar role in normal development. Citation Format: Ulf D. Kahlert, Eric E. Raabe, Florian A. Siebzehnrubl, Eli E. Bar, Jaroslaw Maciaczyk, Charles G. Eberhart. ZEB1 plays a pivotal role in hypoxia-mediated increase of in vitro invasion of glioblastoma-derived cell cultures and represents a novel neural stem cell marker in early development. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1038. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1038
Role of Foxa-2 in adipocyte metabolism and differentiation
Authors: Christian Wolfrum, David Q. Shih, Satoru Kuwajima, Andrew W. Norris, C. Ronald Kahn, Markus Stoffel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Hepatocyte nuclear factors-3 (Foxa-1–3) are winged forkhead transcription factors that regulate gene expression in the liver and pancreatic islets and are required for normal metabolism. Here we show that Foxa-2 is expressed in preadipocytes and induced de novo in adipocytes of genetic and diet-induced rodent models of obesity. In preadipocytes Foxa-2 inhibits adipocyte differentiation by activating transcription of the Pref-1 gene. Foxa-2 and Pref-1 expression can be enhanced in primary preadipocytes by growth hormone, suggesting that the antiadipogenic activity of growth hormone is mediated by Foxa-2. In differentiated adipocytes Foxa-2 expression leads to induction of gene expression involved in glucose and fat metabolism, including glucose transporter-4, hexokinase-2, muscle-pyruvate kinase, hormone-sensitive lipase, and uncoupling proteins-2 and -3. Diet-induced obese mice with haploinsufficiency in Foxa-2 (Foxa-2+/–) develop increased adiposity compared with wild-type littermates as a result of decreased energy expenditure. Furthermore, adipocytes of these Foxa-2+/– mice exhibit defects in glucose uptake and metabolism. These data suggest that Foxa-2 plays an important role as a physiological regulator of adipocyte differentiation and metabolism.
The Doctor in the Family
Authors: Marie F. Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

On Being a Doctor18 May 1999The Doctor in the FamilyMarie F. Johnson, MDMarie F. Johnson, MDUniversity of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Denver, CO 80262 (Johnson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-10-199905180-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My nephew died at home this morning.Sam's mother sat on a soft taupe sofa, holding him in her arms. The May sun streamed through the windows while Sam's father leafed through the mail in a worn armchair nearby. The schoolyard down the street was alive with children's games, including those of Sam's older brother. A brain tumor, now coma, had been blended into the ordinary happenings of daily life for a long time. And then Sam took his final breath.Sam spent most of his 5 years living a healthy, vibrant life at home with his parents and brother. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Marie F. Johnson, MDAffiliations: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Denver, CO 80262 (Johnson)Corresponding Author: Marie F. Johnson, MD, Division of Geriatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Box B179, Denver, CO 80262; e-mail, Marie.Johnson@uchsc.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe physician as patient in palliative care: A retrospective case-note auditDilemmes de femmes médecins dans une anthologieaméricainePeriodic Liver Biopsy for Mild Hepatitis CJohn B. Wong, MD and Raymond S. Koff, MD 18 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 10Page: 859-860KeywordsBrainForecastingMedical educationMotivationNauseaNeurosurgeryPatientsPerceptionPopulation statisticsSurgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 18 May 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Reply: MDCT in TAVR for Better Implant Angle and Outcomes
Authors: Eric Van Belle, Mariam Samim, Ahmed El Kalioubie, Camille van Belle, Pieter R. Stella, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, Jolanda Kluin, Faiez Ramjankhan, Ricardo P.J. Budde, Gertjan Sieswerda, Emanuela Algeri, Francis Juthier, Anouar Belkacemi, Michel E. Bertrand, Pieter A. Doevendans
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS WITH NONCONVULSIVE ELECTROSTIMULATION
Authors: HARRY M. BERLINER, FRED L. SCHARTENBERG
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1952)

The mode of action of the nonconvulsive current is still speculative. Only a small portion of the total energy reaches the intra-cranial contents and this apparently spreads through the cerebrum and deeper structures. Whether the effects noted are the result of action on the diencephalon or some specific portion of it is still an unresolved question. Electrostimulation is a safe, simple procedure particularly useful for outpatient treatment. Suggestions for making the procedure more practical are outlined. The immediate posttreatment period is particularly amenable to psychotherapeutic exploration and psychotherapy. Maintenance treatment can be continued for long periods without deleterious side-effects. The chief areas of usefulness are in certain paranoid schizophrenics, anxiety states, psychosomatic conditions, epilepsy in conjunction with standard anticonvulsant medication, and finally in combating the lethargic confused state resulting from either barbiturate action or convulsive therapy.
Effect of grass pollen immunotherapy on clinical and local immune response to nasal allergen challenge
Authors: G. W. Scadding, A. O. Eifan, M. Lao‐Araya, M. Penagos, S. Y. Poon, E. Steveling, R. Yan, A. Switzer, D. Phippard, A. Togias, M. H. Shamji, S. R. Durham
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Rationale Nasal allergen provocations may be useful in investigating the pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis and effects of treatments. Objective To use grass pollen nasal allergen challenge (NAC) to investigate the effects of allergen immunotherapy in a cross-sectional study. Methods We studied nasal and cutaneous responses in untreated subjects with seasonal grass-pollen allergic rhinitis (n = 14) compared with immunotherapy-treated allergics (n = 14), plus a nonatopic control group (n = 14). Volunteers underwent a standardized NAC with 2000 biological units of timothy grass allergen (equivalent to 1.3 μg major allergen, Phl p5). Nasal fluid was collected and analysed by ImmunoCAP and multiplex assays. Clinical response was assessed by symptom scores and peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF). Cutaneous response was measured by intradermal allergen injection. Retrospective seasonal symptom questionnaires were also completed. Results Immunotherapy-treated patients had lower symptom scores (P = 0.04) and higher PNIF (P = 0.02) after challenge than untreated allergics. They had reduced early (P = 0.0007) and late (P < 0.0001) skin responses, and lower retrospective seasonal symptom scores (P < 0.0001). Compared to untreated allergics, immunotherapy-treated patients had reduced nasal fluid concentrations of IL-4, IL-9 and eotaxin (all P < 0.05, 8 h level and/or area under the curve comparison), and trends for reduced IL-13 (P = 0.07, area under the curve) and early-phase tryptase levels (P = 0.06). Conclusions Nasal allergen challenge is sensitive in the detection of clinical and biological effects of allergen immunotherapy and may be a useful surrogate marker of treatment efficacy in future studies.
What Is Internal Medicine?
Authors: Leonard Phelps Potter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 September 1993What Is Internal Medicine?Leonard Phelps Potter Jr., MDLeonard Phelps Potter Jr., MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. LaCombe's article [1] was most meaningful. I was impressed by its passion, eloquence, and timeliness. As a general internist with 5 years of post-medical school training and 37 years of practice experience, I heartily endorse his position. However, although his approach to medical care may work in Norway, Maine, I fear it will have tough sledding elsewhere.Having been exposed to Drs. Dock and Snapper and others, I opted for the specialty with great anticipation. In the early years of my practice, I was able to manage almost all of the cases that came my way, ...REFERENCE1. LaCombe M. What is internal medicine? Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118: 384-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 541-542KeywordsFearGastroenterology and hepatologyIntensive care unitsSub-specialty careUrban areas ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Carotid sinus baroreceptor sensitivity in experimental heart failure.
Authors: W Wang, J S Chen, I H Zucker
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Single-unit carotid sinus baroreceptor activity was recorded in normal and heart-failure (pacing-induced) dogs. The sensitivity of these units was compared between the two groups of dogs. After development of clinical heart failure, the animals were anesthetized, and the left carotid sinus was vascularly isolated and perfused with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit solution. Single-unit baroreceptor discharge was recorded from the carotid sinus nerve in response to stepwise increases in carotid sinus pressure (CSP). In addition, the carotid sinus diameter was measured with sonomicrometer crystals. In this way, both CSP-discharge and CSP-diameter curves were constructed for both normal and heart-failure dogs. Analysis of these curves demonstrated that the heart-failure group exhibited a significant decrease in peak discharge (48.1 +/- 3.0 vs. 22.2 +/- 2.2 spikes/sec; p less than 0.001) and a significant elevation in threshold pressure compared with the normal animals (91.0 +/- 5.0 vs. 119.1 +/- 4.4 mm Hg; p less than 0.001). The peak slope of the CSP-discharge curve was also significantly lower in the heart-failure group (0.63 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.40 +/- 0.09 spikes/sec/mm Hg; p less than 0.05). In the heart-failure group, perfusion of the carotid sinus with ouabain (0.01 micrograms/ml) caused a significant decrease in threshold pressure and a significant increase in peak discharge frequency, as well as an increase in slope of the CSP-discharge curve. There were no changes in CSP-diameter relations in response to ouabain. This dose of ouabain had no effect on pressure-discharge relations or carotid sinus diameters in normal dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Myocardial Tissue Characterization After Acute Myocardial Infarction With Wavelet Image Decomposition
Authors: Aleksandar N. Nesković, Aleksandra Mojsilović, Tomislav Jovanović, Jovan Vasiljević, Miodrag Popović, Jelena Marinković, Milovan Bojić, Aleksandar D. Popović
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Only a few texture measures can be used for texture characterization of infarcted myocardium and detection of reperfused myocardium early after infarction. This study was conducted to establish the relationship between texture properties of infarcted myocardium and infarct-related artery patency by quantitative computer analysis of 2-dimensional echocardiographic images with the wavelet-based method for texture characterization, evaluate the relationship between texture properties and myocardial viability, and correlate histopathologic changes after experimental infarction with the texture measures.We analyzed 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic images in 18 patients at different time points after infarction using the wavelet transform method. Regional wall motion of infarcted segments was analyzed on a follow-up echocardiographic study obtained 6 months after infarction. To verify the accuracy of the proposed texture measure and energy difference cutoff value, we prospectively evaluated another group of 19 patients. In addition, histopathologic changes in 9 dogs with experimental infarction were correlated with the texture measures. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the wavelet method for detection of reperfusion in the study group were 73%, 86%, and 78%, respectively, on day 2; 91%, 86%, and 89%, at 1 week; and 100%, 100%, and 100% at 3 weeks. Among 9 patients with improvement in regional wall motion on a follow-up study, 7 on day 2, 8 at 1 week, and 9 at 3 weeks were classified into the reperfused group by the wavelet method. Histopathologic features associated with the classification of reperfusion by the wavelet method were infarct transmurality (P=0.024) and degree of necrosis (P=0.028).Our clinical and experimental data suggest that the wavelet method can be used to differentiate between viable myocardium with recovery potential and definite myocardial necrosis in the early postinfarction period.
Mounting Student Depression Taxing Campus Mental Health Services
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Progress report on otitis media
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Winter is here, bringing with it another estimated 30 million physician office visits for treatment of otitis media. Last year,<i>JAMA</i>MEDICAL NEWS (1979;242:707-709) reported on the newest challenges in treating this condition. Recently, it has been recognized that many of these infections are caused by<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>and that an increasing proportion (currently 10% to 20%) of these organisms are resistant to ampicillin. Other recent findings have raised the possibility that serous or secretory otitis media, which follows treatment of acute otitis media about half the time, is often due to an incompletely eradicated infection. This year the results of several attempts to treat these problems with new regimens are available. Most of the studies were presented at the recent 20th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in New Orleans. <h3>Prevention of Acute Otitis</h3> Since the most frequently isolated pathogen in these infections is still
ANOTHER CASE OF PEDUNCULATED LIPOMA OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: W. T. Garretson
Journal: JAMA (1928)

In 1922, Vinson<sup>1</sup>presented what was apparently the first reported case of pedunculated lipoma of the esophagus. Since then we have been unable to find a report of another case. Therefore, the case here presented is the second on record. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> T. H. M., a man, aged 59, came to the hospital, Feb. 14, 1927, complaining of difficulty in walking and entered the hospital for investigation. February 15, he was sent to the nose and throat department for routine nose and throat examination and Bárány caloric tests. No special abnormalities were noted either in history or in the physical examination. Toward the end of the caloric test, however, the patient vomited and in vomiting brought up a sausage-shaped soft tissue mass, from 1.5 to 2 cm. in diameter, which protruded from the mouth about 10 cm. It was covered with a smooth mucosa, beneath
Prognostic Significance of Growth Kinetics in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastomas Revealed by Combining Serial Imaging with a Novel Biomathematical Model
Authors: Christina H. Wang, Jason K. Rockhill, Maciej Mrugala, Danielle L. Peacock, Albert Lai, Katy Jusenius, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Timothy Cloughesy, Alexander M. Spence, Russ Rockne, Ellsworth C. Alvord, Kristin R. Swanson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Glioblastomas are the most aggressive primary brain tumors, characterized by their rapid proliferation and diffuse infiltration of the brain tissue. Survival patterns in patients with glioblastoma have been associated with a number of clinicopathologic factors including age and neurologic status, yet a significant quantitative link to in vivo growth kinetics of each glioma has remained elusive. Exploiting a recently developed tool for quantifying glioma net proliferation and invasion rates in individual patients using routinely available magnetic resonance images (MRI), we propose to link these patient-specific kinetic rates of biological aggressiveness to prognostic significance. Using our biologically based mathematical model for glioma growth and invasion, examination of serial pretreatment MRIs of 32 glioblastoma patients allowed quantification of these rates for each patient's tumor. Survival analyses revealed that even when controlling for standard clinical parameters (e.g., age and Karnofsky performance status), these model-defined parameters quantifying biological aggressiveness (net proliferation and invasion rates) were significantly associated with prognosis. One hypothesis generated was that the ratio of the actual survival time after whatever therapies were used to the duration of survival predicted (by the model) without any therapy would provide a therapeutic response index (TRI) of the overall effectiveness of the therapies. The TRI may provide important information, not otherwise available, about the effectiveness of the treatments in individual patients. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that dynamic insight from routinely obtained pretreatment imaging may be quantitatively useful in characterizing the survival of individual patients with glioblastoma. Such a hybrid tool bridging mathematical modeling and clinical imaging may allow for stratifying patients for clinical studies relative to their pretreatment biological aggressiveness.
Medicaid-Funded Private Psychiatric Care in New York City
Authors: Barry B. Perlman, Arthur H. Schwartz, John C. Thornton, Ronna Weber, Kenneth Schmidt, Harton Smith, Steven Nagelberg, Martin Paris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Data were obtained from the tax records and the Professional Registry maintained by the New York City Department of Health as well as from the Biographical Directory of the American Psychiatric Association to determine which psychiatrists were providing care under the Medicaid Program and how they compare with the pool of psychiatric practitioners in New York City. The data reveal that psychiatrists educated in foreign medical schools provide disproportionately more care to Medicaid recipients than would be anticipated from their numbers, and are a majority of those who received more than +30,000 in payments in 1976. Furthermore, these psychiatrists account for 80 per cent of those delivering care at the two largest "shared health facilities," commonly referred to as "Medicaid mills." These findings indicate that although the Title XIX Program has facilitated the access of the poor to the private psychiatric sector, in New York City their access is biased toward treatment by foreign-educated psychiatrists.