tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgical/Pathologic Breast Cancer Indicators: Adherence by the Florida Initiative for Quality Cancer Care (FIQCC) Consortium.
Authors: C. Laronga, J. Gray, E. Siegel, L. Ji-Hyun, W. Fulp, P. Jacobsen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: The FIQCC is comprised of 11 practice sites across the state that participate in a comprehensive review of quality of care specific to cancer patients across many disease sites. Quality indicators were scripted based on the accepted QOPI, NCCN, ACOS, and site-specific PI panel consensus indicators for breast cancer patients. An evaluation was done to assess adherence to performance indicators among the sites.Methods: Comprehensive chart reviews were conducted for all patients with breast cancer first seen in 2006 by a medical oncologist at one of the 11 FIQCC sites (3 academic/8 community). Quality measures included: 1) presence and completeness of the pathology report (tumor size, grade, specimen orientation, margins inked, margin status, receptor status); 2) documentation of surgery type (breast conserving vs. mastectomy); 3) documentation of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and if SLNB positive for metastatic disease documentation of a complete axillary node dissection; 4) mammogram usage post surgery; and 5) referral to radiation. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square test.Results: Charts of 622 patients (99% female) with a median age of 60 years (range 22-95) were reviewed. With respect to pathologic reporting, there was strong compliance (&amp;gt;90%) for documentation of a pathology report, AJCC or TMN staging, tumor size and grade, status of margins, and receptor status. However, only 370 of 537 (69%) reports documented that the specimen was oriented and 474 of 537 (88%) stated the margins were inked. Breast conserving surgery was performed in 294 of 539 patients (55%). In clinical N0 patients, SLNB was performed in 447 of 543 (82%). Of the patients with a metastatic SLNB, 123 of 156 (79%) went on to have a complete axillary node dissection. Compliance was highly variable with obtaining a mammogram within 14 months of surgery (77%; range 26-98%). However, referral to radiation within 1 year was highly consistent (97%; range 80-100%). Significant variances across practice sites were noted for the reporting of margin orientation (p&amp;lt;0.001), inking of the margins (p&amp;lt;0.001), performance of SLNB (p&amp;lt;0.001), and obtaining a mammogram within 14 months of surgery (p&amp;lt;0.001).Discussion: The FIQCC allows for identification of the need for quality improvement in multiple aspects of breast cancer care. Findings based on 2006 cases identified a need for improvements in margin orientation and inking, use of SLNB and obtaining mammograms in follow-up after breast conserving surgery. These findings are now being used at the participating sites to guide quality improvement efforts. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1079.
Reply to J. Arends et al
Authors: Diane E. Meier, Otis W. Brawley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Arendsetal 1 endorsethesimultaneousneedfordisease-directedand palliative treatments for patients with cancer, whether the goal of care is cure, life prolongation, or maximized quality of life.In addition, although attention to physical and psychological symptoms is crucial, the authors recognize the equal importance of comprehensive and interdisciplinary attention to the social (that is, family) and spiritual distress that routinely accompanies a diagnosis of any serious illness, including cancer."What's in a name?That which we call a rose/By any other name would smell as sweet." 2 Despite the authors' agreement with the value of
THE MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR AMPUTATIONS.Read in the Section of Surgery and A natomy at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association at Nashville, Tenn.y May 20, 1890.
Authors: JOHN A. WYETH
Journal: JAMA (1891)

The prevention of hæmorrhage is the chief point in the management of amputations. Second to this the preservation of as much of the length of a limb as possible. I will presume that in this day the question of the aseptic or antiseptic management of all wounds is no longer open for discussion among scientists; and that as to the question of amputating during the period of shock, it is no more permissible when applied to injury of an extremity than when it follows a perforating wound of the abdominal viscera, and where is the surgeon who, except for the arrest of hæmorrhage rapidly exhausting his patient, will add to the shock of accident the shock of deliberate surgical interference? I desire to submit to you two amputations in major amputations which I have devised and successfully executed: 1.<i>Bloodless amputation of the hip</i>. 2.<i>Bloodless amputation of the shoulder</i>.
Insulin release and cyclic AMP accumulation in response to glucose in pancreatic islets of fed and starved rats.
Authors: A Rabinovitch, V Grill, A E Renold, E Cerasi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The dose as well as the time kinetics of insulin and adenosine-3', 5' -monophosphate (cyclic AMP) responses to glucose were compared in pancreatic islets of fed and starved rats. There was a preferential impairment of the early phase of glucose-induced insulin release in perifused islets of rats starved for 16 and 48 h. Similarly, the accumulation of 3H cyclic AMP in islets prelabeled with 3H-2-adenine was less in islets of 48 h starved than fed rats, during the first 10-min of stimulation with 26.7 mM glucose in the presence of 0.1 mM of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, whereas at 30 and 60 min 3H cyclic AMP responses to glucose were similar in fed and starved islets. Also, in 10-min incubations with glucose 3.3, 6.7, 10.0, 13.3, and 26.7 mM without and with 0.1 mM and 1.0 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, insulin release correlated strongly with the accumulation of 3H cyclic AMP in the islets of fed as well as starved rats. The thresholds for glucose-induced insulin and 3H cyclic AMP responses were higher and the maximal responses were lower in starved than fed islets. Preincubation of islets of 48-h starved rats with 16.7 mM glucose for 60 min corrected the impaired insulin and 3H cyclic AMP responses to glucose. Starvation-induced impairment of insulin secretory responses to glucose, and their restoration by preincubation with glucose in vitro, may represent acute regulatory effects of glucose on the adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP system in the pancreatic beta cell.
Rotavirus Vaccines — Early Success, Remaining Questions
Authors: Umesh D. Parashar, Roger I. Glass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In 2006, the results of pivotal clinical trials of two new rotavirus vaccines were published, and high efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea was reported for both products. Drs. Umesh Parashar and Roger Glass write that a key unanswered question is whether rotavirus vaccines will work equally well in the developing world, where they offer the greatest potential lifesaving benefits.
Senators block Bush nominee to head FDA
Authors: Janice Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Senators Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York and Patty Murphy of Washington state have blocked President Bush's nomination of Andrew von Eschenbach to head the Food and Drug Administration.

Dr von Eschenbach, who is also head of the National Cancer Institute, has been acting commissioner of the FDA since September 2005. During President Bush's years in office the FDA has had a permanent head for only a few months.

The two Democrat senators said they acted because of the FDA's failure to decide to make the emergency contraceptive levonorgestrel (known as Plan B) available without a prescription. Plan B is highly successful in preventing pregnancy if it is taken within 72 hours after intercourse.

In a joint statement they said, “For more than two years the FDA has dragged …
The Dynamics of Human Cytomegalovirus Replication in Vivo
Authors: Vincent C. Emery, Alethea V. Cope, E. Frances Bowen, Dehila Gor, Paul D. Griffiths
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is generally described as a slowly replicating virus. During studies of immunocompromised patients, we observed rapid changes in the quantity of CMV DNA present in serial blood samples by quantitative-competitive polymerase chain reaction commensurate with a doubling time of &amp;lt;2 d. To further investigate the dynamics of replication in vivo, patients in three distinct situations were studied in detail: (a) those receiving intravenous ganciclovir; (b) those in whom ganciclovir-resistant strains appeared during long-term therapy; and (c) those in whom ganciclovir-resistant strains disappeared with alternative drug therapy. In all cases, it was possible to provide accurate estimates of the doubling time of CMV and its half-life of disappearance after antiviral chemotherapy. The results from all three approaches demonstrated that the doubling time/half-life of CMV in blood is ∼1 d when frequent samples are collected. These results show that CMV DNA replication in vivo is a highly dynamic process. We conclude that the reputation of CMV as a slowly replicating virus based on the time taken to produce cytopathic effects in vitro is unwarranted. These findings have implications for the potency, dose, and duration of antiviral chemotherapy needed for the effective treatment of this important human pathogen.
Abstract 641: Correlation of methylation status of deep surgical margins with the local reccurence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Masamichi Hayashi, Gaosong Wu, Xiaofei Chang, Xiufeng Li, Julie Ahn, Zubair Khan, Belinda Akpeng, Jong–Lyel Roh, Wayne Koch
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Locoregional recurrence occurs in as many as 40% of patients undergoing surgery for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We have been focused some molecular alterations exsiting even in histologically negative surgical margins. However, in head and neck cancer resection, surgical margins are hard to evaluate because the most of them usually consists of complicated muscular margins. In order to evaluate these deep surgical margins, before collecting some margin tissues, we often conduct tissue imprinting by using one layer nitrocellulose sheet which can collect proteins without hurting surgical samples. Method: Both 161 deep margin tissues and 166 deep margin imprints were collected from 74 histologically margin negative resections of primary HNSCC from May, 2009 to September, 2012. Bisulfited DNA from samples were amplified using quantitive methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (QMSP) for 6 genes (DCC, EDNRB, HOXA9, KIF1A, NID2 and NR2B). The cut off value was calculated using QMSP data of tumors and normal muscles, and was applied to deep margin samples. The correlation between the QMSP status of deep margin samples and clinical outcome was evaluated. Results: The average QMSP of tumor tissues, that of normal muscles and the cut off value are 21.0, 0.6, 2.1 in DCC, 23.3, 0.6, 2.2 in EDNRB, 32.0, 0.7, 2.3 in HOXA9, 20.3, 0.4, 1.3 in KIF1A, 36.0, 3.0, 9.4 in NID2 and 10.7, 0.1, 0.4 in NR2B. Those who has the higher QMSP values of deep margin tissues than the cut off value tends to have a poor recurrence free survival (P=0.073 in DCC, P=0.018 in HOXA9, P=0.005 in KIF1A, P=0.011 in NID2) and a poor overall survival (P=0.076 in HOXA9, P=0.059 in NID2). Also, those who has the higher QMSP values of deep margin imprints than the cut off value tends to have a poor recurrence free survival (P=0.051 in HOXA9) and a poor overall survival (P=0.075 in HOXA9). Conclusion: The methylation status of HNSCC deep surgical margin samples is correlated with the local recurrence. Especially, hyper-methylated HOXA9 gene of both deep margin tissues and imprints is a significant biomarker of poor recurrence free survival and overall survival. Citation Format: Masamichi Hayashi, Gaosong Wu, Xiaofei Chang, Xiufeng Li, Julie Ahn, Zubair Khan, Belinda Akpeng, Jong–Lyel Roh, Wayne Koch. Correlation of methylation status of deep surgical margins with the local reccurence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 641. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-641
In-vitro DNA synthesis of keratinocytes in normal human skin, psoriasis, seborrhoeic keratosis, Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Y. MORIMOTO, K. SAGA, M. BANDO, M. TAKAHASHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article In‐vitro DNA synthesis of keratinocytes in normal human skin, psoriasis, seborrhoeic keratosis, Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma Get access Y. MORIMOTO, Y. MORIMOTO Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. SAGA, K. SAGA Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Sapporo, Japan Dr K. Saga, Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Minami 1 Nishi 16, Chyuo‐ku, 060 Sapporo, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. BANDO, M. BANDO Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. TAKAHASHI M. TAKAHASHI Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical College, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue 1, 1 July 1991, Pages 9–13, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb06030.x Published: 01 July 1991
School-Based Health Clinics Provide Essential Care
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

A WINNING season for the Westdale Middle School basketball team in Baton Rouge, La, was a sort of bonus for family physician Holley Galland, MD. When the director of Westdale's school-based health clinic gave preseason physicals to the players, their prospects didn't look so bright. Galland tersely sums up what happened: "In one afternoon of screening kids on the team, I picked up three asthmatics, none of whom were stabilized, all of whom I 'tuned up,' and we had a winning season. I'm hoping a little preexercise medication helped these kids plow down the opposition!" Most of the students who participate in the estimated nearly 300 schoolbased clinics (SBCs) in the United States are struggling against obstacles more obdurate than rival hoopsters. Recent interviews with the directors of several clinics and others who are involved with such programs confirm that, contrary to popular opinion, adolescents require medical care for a
Abstract 1434: Invasion of melanoma cells resistant to BRAF inhibition involves RHO-family GTPases
Authors: Richard M. Klein, Paul J. Higgins
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Resistance to targeted therapies constitutes a major clinical obstacle that likely contributes to cancer recurrence following initial successful treatment. This study focused on the cellular responses associated with resistance to BRAF inhibition in an invasive melanoma cell line harboring a BRAFV600E mutation. Pharmacologic inhibitors targeting total or mutant-specific BRAF resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in phospho-MEK1/2 levels. Despite reduced ERK1/2 activation, viable melanoma cell subpopulations were present in cultures treated with BRAF inhibitors. Drug resistant cells were elongated and displayed prominent actin stress fibers. Melanoma cells resistant to BRAF inhibition were identified in both 2-D and 3-D cell cultures. Cells resistant to BRAF inhibition displayed reduced expression of RND3, an antagonist of RHOA activation. Restoration of RND3 expression or RHOA knockdown prevented actin cytoskeletal reorganization and attenuated the migratory ability of drug-insensitive cells without affecting cell survival. Additionally, the invasive ability of BRAF inhibitor resistance cells embedded in 3-D collagen gels was diminished following RND3 re-expression or RHOA depletion. Overall, these results describe previously uncharacterized roles for RND3 and RHOA in the ability of melanoma cells, treated with pharmaceutical BRAF inhibitors, to invade a dermal-like microenvironment. The molecular mechanisms learned from this information may assist in the development of strategies to improve overall therapeutic efficacy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1434. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1434
Role of Hemodynamic Changes in the Increased Cation Excretion after Acute Unilateral Nephrectomy in the Anesthetized Dog
Authors: Michael H. Humphreys, J. Carlos Ayus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Studies were carried out in anesthetized dogs to characterize the increase in cation excretion which occurs after acute unilateral nephrectomy (AUN). 60 min after AUN, cation excretion had increased from 31.5±2.7 to 66.3±12.0 μeq/min (P < 0.005) and fractional cation excretion had increased from 0.56±0.05 to 1.03±0.14% (P < 0.005), as the glomerular filtration rate was unchanged and renal blood flow fell. The increased cation excretion was accompanied by an increase in fractional phosphate excretion, no change in chloride excretion, and a fall in renin secretion. These alterations in renal function were associated with marked changes in systemic hemodynamics: cardiac output fell from 2.52±0.24 to 1.85±0.16 liters/min (P < 0.001), as diastolic pressure rose without an overall increase in mean arterial pressure, and heart rate fell.
Lung Transplantation
Authors: David S. Wilkes, Thomas M. Egan, Herbert Y. Reynolds
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Lung transplantation is the only definitive therapy for many forms of end-stage lung diseases. However, the success of lung transplantation is limited by many factors: (1) Too few lungs available for transplantation due to limited donors or injury to the donor lung; (2) current methods of preservation of excised lungs do not allow extended periods of time between procurement and implantation; (3) acute graft failure is more common with lungs than other solid organs, thus contributing to poorer short-term survival after lung transplant compared with that for recipients of other organs; (4) lung transplant recipients are particularly vulnerable to pulmonary infections; and (5) chronic allograft dysfunction, manifest by bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome, is frequent and limits long-term survival. Scientific advances may provide significant improvements in the outcome of lung transplantation. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a working group of investigators on June 14-15, 2004, in Bethesda, Maryland, to identify opportunities for scientific advancement in lung transplantation, including basic and clinical research. This workshop provides a framework to identify critical issues related to clinical lung transplantation, and to delineate important areas for productive scientific investigation.
Reply to Letter to the Editor: a Response to the Letter of M. Tisdale
Authors: Vickie E. Baracos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

In Response: Murine proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) is composed of a short peptide core with extensive N- and O-linked oligosaccharide chains. A human homologue of PIF has proved elusive, using approaches based on the structure of murine PIF. As for a human variant of the core peptide, the absence of a motif for glycosylation (1, 2) remains the most important barrier to accepting the notion that human cancer cells transform the dermcidin gene product into a PIF. As for the carbohydrate moieties that confer the proteolysis-inducing activity, the only means available for their identification or purification, a monoclonal antibody, is not a valid tool in human studies owing to extensive nonspecific binding (2). This fact is now acknowledged by M. Tisdale, and draws into question prior PIF immunoblot results in human subjects (3–5).M. Tisdale provides no new insight about how human PIF could be revealed, if it were present. The suggestion that PIF can be verified by colocalization of reactions with antibodies to the core protein and carbohydrate is not useful because no antibody is specific for the critical carbohydrate part. Investigations of the putative human PIF have eluded efforts to find evidence of colocalization, in human-derived materials, of the peptide core, the oligosaccharide chains, and the proteolysis-inducing activity. The human core peptide is not glycosylated by human tumor cells and its presence in tumor cells bears no relationship to a cachexia phenotype (1, 2, 6). Similarly, a positive reaction with the antibody to the carbohydrate chain does not relate to either cachexia or malignant disease in humans (2–5) and none of the proteins reacting with this antibody are associated with a peptide of the sequence described for the core protein (2).Human PIF is a molecule reported, to date, exclusively by a single laboratory, and this is the greatest limitation for the interest of PIF for our understanding of cancer cachexia. M. Tisdale could greatly clarify this research domain by disseminating to independent laboratories authentic human PIF with the structural and biological features claimed.
Coping with Predictable Crises of Diabetes
Authors: Beatrix A Hamburg, Gale E Inoff
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

Although the role of emotional and psychosocial factors in diabetes is generally appreciated, most health care professionals, diabetic patients, and families of patients have no clear model that clarifies the nature of psychosocial variables and provides defined principles for effective treatment and preventative interventions. A multivariate clinical model for coping with predictable crises of diabetes is presented. The model is based on the constructs of crisis, coping, and social support as well as a developmental and life course perspective. The psychosocial tasks to be addressed in coping with crises, in general, as well as strategies of coping are defined and discussed. The specific predictable crises of diabetes are described with reference to the demands and sources of stress inherent in the critical situations and the associated strategies for coping with them. Special attention is given to coping with the initial diagnosis and onset of the disease, the role of health care professionals, and developmental issues in coping with diabetes.
Complete atrioventricular block does not reduce long‐term mortality in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: José M. Tolosana, Emilce Trucco, Malek Khatib, Adelina Doltra, Roger Borras, M. Ángeles Castel, Antonio Berruezo, Elena Arbelo, Marta Sitges, Maria Matas, Eduard Guasch, Josep Brugada, Lluís Mont
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Antigen requirements for induction of B-memory cells: studies with dinitrophenyl coupled to T-dependent and T-independent carriers.
Authors: H Braley-Mullen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Mice were primed with dinitrophenyl (DNP) (trinitrophenyl, TNP) coupled to thymus-independent (TI) or thymus-dependent (TD) carriers. B cells from these mice were transferred to irradiated recipients with T cells from keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-primed mice. After secondary immunization with DNP-KLH a significant DNP-specific IgG memory response was produced only by mice which received B cells which had been primed with TD antigens. TI antigens were unable to induce differentiation of B-cell precursors to IgG producing memory B cells but they did not suppress the induction of B-memory cells by TD antigens. The results indicate that TI antigens fail to activate a cell type which is required for the induction of memory B cells.