tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Managing mild hypertension
Authors: D R Swinson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

<b>Background:</b> It has been suggested that patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have worse balance when compared to healthy elderly. It remains unknown, however, whether there are differences in balance according to gender and the different degrees of disease severity. <b>Aim:</b> We aim to compare static and dynamic balance between COPD patients and healthy subjects and to verify if there are differences in these outcomes between men and women, as well as among patients with different degrees of disease severity. <b>Methods:</b> 27 patients with COPD and 25 healthy elderly had their static balance evaluated by the force plate (variable: COP Area) and dynamic balance by the Timed Up an Go test (TUG). Subjects with COPD were also evaluated according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and the Body-Mass Index, Airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise Capacity (BODE) classification. <b>Results:</b> When compared to the healthy elderly, patients with COPD presented worse static (12,5[8,8-17,9] <i>vs</i>.10,1[9,4-13,6] cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively; <i>P</i>=0,03) and dynamic balance (10[9-11] <i>vs</i>. 8[7-9] s, respectively; <i>P</i>=0,0001). Men with COPD had worse static balance than women (16,8[11,8-18,9] vs. 11,1[8,5-13,4] cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively; <i>P</i>=0,01). However, there were no differences in balance among the different degrees of disease severity according to the GOLD and BODE classification. <b>Conclusion:</b> Patients with COPD present worse static and dynamic balance when compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, balance in subjects with COPD is more affected in men and seems not to be different according to the degrees of disease severity.
Unstructured Reading
Authors: William K. Beatty
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Browsing can be a pleasant pastime, an excuse, or an effective method for broadening one's outlook. The word itself comes from the Old French "broust" which means "bud" or "young shoot." The verb "to browse" came to mean the random nibbling on these shoots, moving from one tasty bunch to the next. The earliest examples of its use in a literary sense include those of Charles Lamb in<i>Elia</i>(1823) and James Russell Lowell in, appropriately enough,<i>Among My Books</i>(1870). However, such a traditional history for a delightfully suggestive word does it little justice. Perhaps a more meaningful approach is that of an unashamed modern browser who claims that the word is merely an acronym: B—books, the usual locus of browsing; R—reading, an acceptable method; O—overlook, what happens to a "pressing schedule"; W—work, the effort required after stooping for a book; S— self-education, which browsing frequently amounts to; I—the
ABC1: connecting yellow tonsils, neuropathy, and very low HDL
Authors: Helen H. Hobbs, Daniel J. Rader
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

In 1960, the most common surgical procedure performed on children was tonsillectomy. During one such routine operation, an astute physician recognized that the tonsils of his 5-year-old patient from Tangier Island were anything but ordinary (1). The tonsils were strikingly large, lobulated, and lemoncolored. The tonsils of the patient’s sister were similarly abnormal in appearance and had a 50- to 100-fold elevated content of cholesteryl ester. The siblings also shared another remarkable trait: both had extremely low plasma levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). These children were the index cases of Tangier disease, a genetic disorder characterized by an abnormal plasma lipoprotein profile — virtual absence of HDL-C, reduced levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) with mildly or moderately elevated triglycerides, and
Neurostimulation for Parkinson Disease
Authors: Günther Deuschl
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SIGMOIDOSCOPY VERSUS X-RAYS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF TERMINAL BOWEL DISEASE
Authors: FRANK C. YEOMANS
Journal: JAMA (1930)

During the period of thirty-five years since Professor Roentgen discovered the x-rays and Howard Kelly introduced standard rectoscopes, refinements in the technic of roentgenology and improvements in proctoscopes havemade these two agents prime factors in the diagnosis of gastro-intestinal diseases. Each method has its indications, advantages and limitations, and frequently the two are mutually helpful in reaching a correct diagnosis. The roentgen ray has a wide range of applicability and has proved its value in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal lesions, notably in the movable portions of the tract, as the stomach and colon; in demonstrating position, contour, function, points of stasis and defects indicating pathologic changes. In the relatively fixed rectum and distal sigmoid colon, however, which are situated largely within the bony pelvic girdle, the x-rays are of comparatively limited value. Prominent defects are that: An important lesion may be missed entirely. Although the site and apparent extent of
ON SPINAL ANAESTHESIA BY STOVAINE: WITH REMARKS ON 1,000 CASES
Authors: F. C. Madden
Journal: BMJ (1912)

FOR rather more than four years it lhas been our custom at Kasr-el-Ainy Hospital to employ spinal anaesthesia whenever possible; and we have thus arrived at certain definite conclusions with regard to the efficacy of this method of anaesthesia, and, what is perhaps more important, its limitations.Such concluisions drawn from a large number of cases rnay be interpreted in dlifferent ways by different observers, and I am anxious, therefore, to supplement the excellent paper of my colleague, Mr.
Erythrocyte glycophorin B deficiency may occur by two distinct gene alterations
Authors: Cecile Rahuel, Jacqueline London, Alain Vignal, Samir K. Ballas, Jean‐Pierre Cartron
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract The genomic DNA from rare persons whose erythrocytes are deficient in glycophorin B (GPB) (S‐s‐U‐ phenotype), was examined by Southern hybridizations using glycophorin B probes and was subdivided into two main categories. In the type I variant (Fav., M.H., S.K.), we found that the S‐s‐U‐ condition is generated by a large gene deletion extending from exons B 2 to B 4 of glycophorin B gene. Conversely, in the type II variant (Del.), the entire gene is present, and its promoter is almost similar to common Glycophorin A(GPA) and GPB as well as to type I promoters, except for four‐point mutations, which do not occur in potential cis‐acting elements. We concluded that the same phenotypic glycophorin B deficiency may occur by different gene alterations, including either a gene deletion or a mutation that might alter transcription or translation of the gene.
Efficacy of Streptokinase, but Not Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator, in Achieving 90-Minute Patency After Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction Decreases With Time to Treatment
Authors: P.Gabriel Steg, Thierry Laperche, Jean-Louis Golmard, Jean-Michel Juliard, Hakim Benamer, Dominique Himbert, Pierre Aubry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
1088-125 Levosimendan is safe and effective in patients with severe low cardiac output heart failure and critical hypotension
Authors: Fatima Franco, Pedro Monteiro, Joana Correia, Carla Roque, Francisco Gonçalves, Graça Castro, Lino Gonçalves, Mário Freitas, Luís A Providência
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Book Review Type 2 Diabetes in Childhood and Adolescence: A Global Perspective Edited by Martin Silink, Kaichi Kida, and Arlan L. Rosenbloom. 264 pp., illustrated. New York, Martin Dunitz, 2003. $79.95. 1-184184-295-8
Authors: Sonia Caprio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)
PUVA treatment of alopecia areata partialis, totalis and universalis: audit of 10 years' experience at St John's Institute of Dermatology
Authors: C.R. TAYLOR, J.L.M. HAWK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Our 10-year experience with PUVA treatment for alopecia areata, partialis, totalis and universalis was retrospectively reviewed using charts and follow-up questionnaires for 70 patients at St John's Institute of Dermatology. In all cases, several previous therapies were judged to be unsatisfactory prior to starting PUVA, and many cases were already deemed clinically refractory prior to referral for PUVA. If cases of vellus hair growth are excluded, and those who lost their PUVA-induced regrowth rapidly on follow-up, the effective success rate was at best 6.3% for alopecia areata partialis, 12.5% for alopecia areata totalis and 13.3% for alopecia areata universalis. We affirm that PUVA is generally not an effective treatment for alopecia areata.
What is to be done with the XYY fetus?
Authors: W Farrant, M Hulten
Journal: BMJ (1979)

severe, even fatal, pelvic actinomycosis can develop in association with usage of the IUCD.3Further investigation and follow-up of asymptomatic patients with actinomycespositive smears may provide some answers concerning the role of anaerobic bacteria in the pathogenesis of pelvic inflammation.Studies with these aims are being conducted in centres in the United Kingdom and the United States.
Ethnicity and Emergency Department Analgesia
Authors: F. Andrew Morfesis
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the article by Todd et al,<sup>1</sup>the authors did not indicate in the study whether alcohol levels were measured in the patients. It is possible that more of the Hispanics than the whites were intoxicated and this might account for the disparity in administration of analgesic medication. Hispanic patients may have been using drugs or other agents that might have altered the perception of pain. The classification of these injuries as "fractures" does not mean they are comparable. For instance, if I assume that white individuals came into the UCLA emergency department as a result of motor vehicle crashes on the freeway, whereas Hispanic individuals were more likely to come in as a result of motor vehicle crashes on local streets, a reasonable assumption would be that the automobile crashes of the whites were at higher speeds and involving higher energy than those of the
The Treatment of Malignant Disease by Radiotherapy
Authors: Charles M. Barrett
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The second edition of<i>The Treatment of Malignant Disease by Radiotherapy</i>is an extension of the very fine text published in 1948. With its numerous illustrations of radium arrangements, drawings, and examples of cases under treatment, the book remains a classic for students and practitioners of radiotherapy. The remarkable contributions of the Manchester system are well presented and remain a standard for radiation therapy, both here and abroad. The latest edition has additional information pertaining to cobalt-60 teletherapy and supervoltage radiation. Also included are references to recently developed methods for using radioactive isotopes. The sections dealing with head and neck cancer and the female genital tract are probably the most useful features of the new edition, and will be the most widely read. The book is concise and the opinions express succinctly the views of the author and his contributors. The author's presentation of the radium dosage system is one
Abstract 560: Mesenchymal stem cells promote mammosphere formation in normal and malignant breast cells
Authors: Ann H. Klopp, Lara Lacerda, Anshul Gupta, Bisrat Debeb, Frank Marini, Michael Andreeff, Wendy A Woodward
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Normal and malignant breast tissue contains a rare population of cells with the capacity to self-renew, referred to as stem cells, or tumor initiating cells (TIC) in the case of tumors. These cells can be enriched by growth as “mammospheres” in three-dimensional cultures. We tested the hypothesis that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which are known to support tumor growth and metastasis, increase mammosphere formation. Materials and Methods: Normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC), and breast cancer cells (MCF-7, SUM149 and IBC3) were grown as mammospheres, plated at low density in serum-free growth factor supplemented suspension cultures. MSC were added as an increasing percentage of total cells plated (0, 2, 5 and 10%). MSC-conditioned media was generated by growing MSC as spheroids for 5 days. Results: MSC integrated into mammospheres, resulting in a dose-dependent increase in the number of mammospheres formed. Normal mammary epithelial cells formed 1.6 to 2.4 to 2.7-fold (p&amp;lt; 0.001) more mammospheres in the presence of 2, 5 and 10% MSC. Similarly, the number of MCF-7 derived mammospheres increased 5.9 to 8.5 to14.8-fold (p = ≤ 0.001) in the presence of 2, 5 and 10% MSC. A similar dose-dependent increase in sphere formation was seen for SUM149 cells and inflammatory breast cancer cells in short-term culture derived from pleural effusions. This effect was found to be mediated by secreted factors as MSC-conditioned media also increased sphere formation. SUM149 cells formed 6.4 to 14.2 to 13.7-fold more mammospheres when incubated for 5 days in 5, 25 and 50% MSC conditioned-media (p &amp;lt;0.0001). HMEC derived mammospheres had higher levels of expression of N-cadherin and RhoC and lower levels of expression of E-cadherin and Notch when formed in the presence of MSC conditioned media. Conclusions: Mesenchymal stem cells increase mammosphere formation of normal breast epithelial cells, established cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and SUM149) and short term primary breast cancer cells (IBC3). This effect is mediated by MSC secreted factors and results in cadherin switching, which may promote breast cancer progression and resistance to therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 560.
Two rare populations of mouse Thy-1lo bone marrow cells repopulate the thymus.
Authors: G J Spangrude, C E Muller-Sieburg, S Heimfeld, I L Weissman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Two-color FACS analysis of mouse bone marrow reveals a rare population, comprising 0.1-0.3% of the total, that expresses low levels of the Thy-1 antigen but does not express any of five surface markers that characterize differentiated hematolymphoid cells. We demonstrate here that this fraction of mouse bone marrow is enormously enriched in cells that can home to the thymus and differentiate into mature T lymphocytes, subsequently migrating to peripheral lymphoid organs. Only a subset of the FACS-isolated fraction (1/90 after intrathymic injection) is capable of responding to the thymic microenvironment with a productive commitment to the T cell lineage. A second fraction of mouse bone marrow, which expresses how levels of Thy-1 but is also positive for at least one of five hematolymphoid lineage-specific markers, also contains cells that home to the thymus and establish colonies of thymocytes. The two fractions each contribute approximately equal amounts of thymic colony-forming units (CFUt) to the bone marrow, and together can account for at least half of the CFUt in whole bone marrow.
Small anal tumors irradiated via rectoscope
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1981)

An intracavitary radiation device that can slip inside a rectoscope and quell small, localized rectal tumors into submission is providing a safe and effective alternative for patients in whom anorectal surgery may be contraindicated. The device, a low-voltage contact unit that keeps 80% to 90% of the x-ray beams to within 2 cm of the target tissue, has yielded an 85% complete tumor regression rate in patients treated for small, well-defined rectal carcinomas at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Gwynn L. Jelden, MD, staff physician in the foundation's department of radiation therapy, told the recent meeting of the American Society of Therapeutic Radiologists in Miami Beach that the intracavitary regimen should be considered only for carefully selected patients with small cancers of not more than 3 cm in diameter and a low probability of lymph node involvement. Additional reasons for assigning patients to the treatment may be advanced age, cardiac or
Anaphylactoid-Anaphylactic Reactions Associated with Ondansetron
Authors: Min Chen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 October 1993Anaphylactoid-Anaphylactic Reactions Associated with OndansetronMin Chen, MD, Ann Tanner, MD, and Hugo Gallo-Torres, MDMin Chen, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Ann Tanner, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Hugo Gallo-Torres, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-8-199310150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Ondansetron is a selective serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. An intravenous formulation has been approved in the United States for the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. We have received 24 reports to the Spontaneous Reporting System of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of anaphylactoid-anaphylactic reactions in association with ondansetron injection.Most reactions occurred after the first ondansetron dose during the second or third course of chemotherapy and were characterized by urticaria, angioedema, hypotension, bronchospasm, and dyspnea. The most serious case, reported from Belgium, involved a 62-year-old woman; ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Min Chen, MD; Ann Tanner, MD; Hugo Gallo-Torres, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypersensitivity reaction to intravenous ondansetron: A case reportOndansetron anaphylaxis: a case report and protocol for skin testingHypersensitivity to intravenous ondansetron: a case reportCutaneous adverse drug reactions during chemotherapy: consider non-antineoplastic drugsAntiemetic placebo: Reduce adverse drug interactions between chemotherapeutic agents and antiemetic drugs in cancer patientsIsolated urticaria to ondansetron and successful treatment with granisetronIgE-mediated allergy to granisetron and safe use of ondansetronAnaphylactoid Reaction due to the Administration of Ondansetron in a Pediatric Neurosurgical PatientAnaphylactoid Reaction due to the Administration of Ondansetron in a Pediatric Neurosurgical PatientChoc anaphylactique faisant suite à l'administration d'ondansétronOndansetron: reasons to be restrictiveHypersensitivity reactions associated with 5-hydroxytryptamine3-receptor antagonists: a class effect?Anaphylactoid Reactions Associated with Ondansetron 15 October 1993Volume 119, Issue 8 Page: 862 Keywords Chemotherapeutic agents Chemotherapy Food and Drug Administration Hypotension Lymphocytes Nausea Serotonin Shock Urticaria Vomiting ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: A Doube
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Anaemia in rheumatoid arthritis SIR, The unreferenced assertion by Farah, Sturrock, and Russell that iron deficiency anaemia is a common feature of rheumatoid arthritis and is often caused by an asympto- matic peptic ulcer' should not go unchallenged.The diagnosis of iron deficiency in patients with inflammatory disease is difficult, unless bone marrow estimations of iron stores are performed.Perhaps the authors would care to support the statement regarding the prevalence of iron deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis with a suitable reference.In our experience upper gastrointestinal lesions, including asymptomatic peptic ulceration, are common in patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and are found no more frequently in patients whose anaemia is microcytic, or those with positive faecal occult bloods, than in those with a normocytic anaemia or negative faecal occult bloods.2This observation together with other evidence3 strongly suggests that upper gastrointestinal lesions are not the cause of iron deficiency when it does occur in rheumatoid arthritis.The mere coincidence of two abnormalities does not imply any causal association.
Abstract 1842: Vitamin D compounds induce BRCA1 expression and inhibit breast stem cells
Authors: Madhuri Kakarala, Shiv K. Dubey, Craig J. Dobry, Xinjian Peng, Genoveva Murillo, Satyam R. Parikh, Chintaka Amarasinghe, Rajendra Mehta, Dean E. Brenner
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Basal breast cancer which occurs in women with BRCA1 mutations has been suggested to arise from arrested differentiation of stem/luminal progenitor cells, whose gene profile includes Vitamin D receptor prominently. In addition to DNA repair, BRCA1 enhances luminal differentiation of breast stem cells. Vitamin D compounds have long been known to have differentiating function. We hypothesized that Vitamin D receptor exists on stem cells and that vitamin D treatment induces differentiation of stem/progenitor cells, in part due to increased BRCA1 expression. Methods: We treated normal human breast epithelial cells and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with 10 or 100 nM 1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 or the less hypercalcemic vitamin D5 analogue (1alpha(OH)D5) in suspension culture in stem cell media to assess: 1) stem cell self renewal using the mammosphere assay; 2) inhibition of stem cell percentage; 3) induction of BRCA1 mRNA and 4) induction of BRCA1 protein. Results: Teatment with 100nM 1alpha(OH)D5 inhibited stem cell self renewal as assessed by mammosphere formation assay from 23spheres/high power field (HPF) to 1 per HPF at 7 days; inhibited of percentage of stem cells from 17% in vehicle control to 7% with vitamin D5. Both vitamin D3 and D5 caused an 8 fold induction of vitamin D target CYP24 gene expression; 4 fold increase in BRCA1 mRNA by real time PCR; and 4 fold increase in BRCA1 protein expression by western blot compared to actin control. Conclusion: Vitamin D3 and D5 analogue induce BRCA1 expression and inhibit stem cell percentage in normal breast cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1842. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1842
Chronic cutaneous damage after accidental exposure to ionizing radiation: The Chernobyl experience
Authors: Ralf U. Peter, Otto Braun-Falco, Andrey Birioukov, Natalie Hacker, Martina Kerscher, Ursula Peterseim, Thomas Ruzicka, Birger Konz, Gerd Plewig
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1994)