tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Immunotherapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Cacna1a Knockin Migraine Mouse Model with Increased Susceptibility to Cortical Spreading Depression
Authors: Arn M.J.M van den Maagdenberg, Daniela Pietrobon, Tommaso Pizzorusso, Simon Kaja, Ludo A.M Broos, Tiziana Cesetti, Rob C.G van de Ven, Angelita Tottene, Jos van der Kaa, Jaap J Plomp, Rune R Frants, Michel D Ferrari
Journal: Neuron (2004)
The Schultz-Dale Anaphylactic Test for Carcinoma Antigen
Authors: L. M. McEwen
Journal: BMJ (1959)

MECONIUM STAINING OF LIQUOR AMNII BmLm 615 abnormality may be present and that a conservative policy may avoid caesarean section in these cases.The avoidance of prolonged labour is also important, and cases in labour longer than 24 hours call for reassessment if delivery is not imminent.Even when an expectant policy is pursued, however, a high number of operative deliveries will still occur, so that these cases require the resources of a specialist maternity hospital.While this is in agreement with the views expressed by Macafee and Bancroft-Livingston, the problem of ante-partum meconium staining would seem to be more serious than they admit, since 19.2% of the cases in the present series required to be delivered by caesarean section or by forceps on account of foetal distress.It is not known whether serious asphyxia at birth is responsible for any impairment in subsequent mental ability, but there is much to be said in these cases for the view expressed by De Soldenhoff and Brill that the early signs of foetal distress must be observed and acted upon if maximum foetal salvage is to be secured.Summary Different views on the importance of meconium staining of the liquor amnii are presented, and a series of 125 cases in which ante-partum meconium staining was encountered is analysed.An expectant policy is justified in most cases, but the incidence of foetal distress is greatly increased, as operative delivery was required on this account in 19.2% of cases.Both the caesarean section rate and the forceps rate in the series were twice the hospital rate.These cases therefore require the resources of a specialist maternity hospital.The importance of the recognition of the early signs of foetal distress in these cases is emphasized, as is also the avoidance of prolonged labour.It is also noted that there is an increased incidence of an abnormal foetus in association with ante-partum meconium staining.
EFFECTS OF RN316 (PF-04950615), A HUMANIZED IGG2ΔA MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY BINDING PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE SUBTILISIN KEXIN TYPE 9, ON LIPOPROTEIN PARTICLES IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS
Authors: Hong Wan, Barry Gumbiner, Tenshang Joh, Chandrasekhar Udata, Philippe Forgues, Pamela D. Garzone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Higher dose inhaled corticosteroids in childhood asthma
Authors: D. Keeley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective regular prophylactic drugs for chronic persistent asthma in children. But uncertainty remains over the role of higher dosages (>400 μg/day beclomethasone equivalent) in treating persistent poorly controlled asthma; minor exacerbations in the community; or acute attacks.

For the symptoms of chronic persistent asthma the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids compared with placebo has been shown repeatedly in randomised controlled trials,1 and comparative trials have shown them to be more effective than sodium cromoglycate, nedocromil, theophylline, and long acting β agonists. This effectiveness has to be balanced against the possibility of adverse effects, but in routine use at lower dosages (≤400 μg/day) important adverse effects are rare. This much is widely accepted, although there are concerns about overdiagnosing asthma and overuse of inhaled steroids, particularly in children aged under 5.2 The diagnosis of asthma must be made carefully and regular prophylaxis started only if warranted by persistent symptoms. The dose of inhaled steroids should be periodically stepped down—and perhaps discontinued if a child remains asymptomatic for more than a month or two. Most parents do this anyway.

But what are the effects of increasing the dose? Increasing the dosage of inhaled steroids to obtain better control of persistent asthma is widely practised …
Maternal smoking during pregnancy. Effects on lung function during the first 18 months of life.
Authors: I B Tager, L Ngo, J P Hanrahan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The present investigation evaluated the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the growth of lung function during the first 18 mo of life in 159 infants who were part of a longitudinal study of the effects of maternal smoking on respiratory health. Infant pulmonary function was assessed at 2 to 6 wk of age and at 4 to 6, 9 to 12, and 15 to 18 mo of age by partial expiratory flow-volume curves and helium dilution FRC. Maternal smoking was assessed by standard questionnaire and urine cotinine measurements. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a reduction of 9.4 +/- 4.3 ml (p = 0.029) for FRC and 33 +/- 12.3 ml/s (p = 0.008) reduction for flow at FRC (VFRC) after controlling for the effects of growth (length). The effect of maternal smoking was greater for female infants than for male infants. At 1 yr female infants exposed in utero were predicted to have a 16% reduction in VFRC compared with 5% for male infants. No sex difference was seen for FRC or VFRC/FRC. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the postnatal period was not significantly related to reduced FRC or VFRC. These data provide further evidence that maternal smoking during pregnancy may play a greater role than postnatal and childhood exposure on the observed effects on lung function in children.
Abstract 1489: The T-box transcription factor Brachyury blocks cell cycle progression and mediates tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiation.
Authors: Bruce K. Huang, Joseph Cohen, Romaine I. Fernando, Duane H. Hamilton, Mary T. Litzinger, James W. Hodge, Claudia M. Palena
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The T-box transcription factor Brachyury, a molecule frequently detected in human cancers but seldom found in normal adult tissue, has recently been proposed as a significant determinant of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human carcinomas. In the current investigation, we present data demonstrating that in three different human lung carcinoma models, expression of Brachyury is associated with a mesenchymal phenotype. Additionally, elevated Brachyury expression is shown to strongly correlate with increased in vitro resistance to cytotoxic therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation. Further investigation showed that chemotherapy treatment in vitro selected tumor cells that were high in Brachyury, and that the degree of resistance to therapy was comparable to the level of Brachyury expression. We also demonstrate that in vitro and in vivo, human lung carcinoma cells with greater levels of Brachyury divide at slower rates than those with lower levels of Brachyury, a phenomenon associated with marked downregulation of cyclin D1, phosphorylated Rb (pRb), and CDKN1A (p21). ChIP and luciferase resporter assays revealed that Brachyury represses p21 expression in carcinoma cells by directly binding to a half T-box consensus site located within the promoter region of the p21 gene, indicating a potential mechanism for the observed therapy resistance associated with Brachyury expression. Finally, we observed that in vivo treatment of tumor xenografts with chemotherapy resulted in the selective growth of resistant tumors that were high in Brachyury. Altogether, these results suggest that in addition to being a driver of EMT, Brachyury expression may attenuate cell cycle progression, and enable tumor cells to become less susceptible to chemotherapy and radiation in human carcinomas. Citation Format: Bruce K. Huang, Joseph Cohen, Romaine I. Fernando, Duane H. Hamilton, Mary T. Litzinger, James W. Hodge, Claudia M. Palena. The T-box transcription factor Brachyury blocks cell cycle progression and mediates tumor resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1489. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1489
In Vivo Effects of Myeloablative Alkylator Therapy on Survival and Differentiation of MGMTP140K-Transduced Human G-CSF-Mobilized Peripheral Blood Cells
Authors: Shanbao Cai, Jennifer R. Hartwell, Ryan J. Cooper, Beth E. Juliar, Emi Kreklau, Rafat Abonour, W. Scott Goebel, Karen E. Pollok
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)
O34 LIMITED ACCESS TO HCV TESTING AND TREATMENT AMONG INJECTION DRUG USERS ACROSS INDIA
Authors: S.S. Solomon, S.H. Mehta, A.K. Srikrishnan, M.S. Kumar, A. McFall, O. Laeyendecker, S.H. Iqbal, S. Solomon, G.M. Lucas, T.C. Quinn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
GMC strikes off expert in drug addiction
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

An expert in drug addiction who is viewed by some as a pioneer in his field has been struck off by the UK General Medical Council after a case lasting almost three years ( BMJ 2004;328:483). 

Colin Brewer, the former medical director of the private Stapleford Centre Addiction Treatment Clinic, was the only one of seven doctors from the clinic to lose his right to practise. 

Two other doctors from the clinic were also found guilty of serious professional misconduct. Ronald Tovey had conditions imposed on his registration, and Hugh Kindness received a reprimand. Charges against four other doctors from the clinic were found not proved in …
Exercise-induced knee joint laxity in distance runners.
Authors: H V Johannsen, T Lind, B W Jakobsen, K Krøner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1989)

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of exercise on knee joint laxity. If exercise induced laxity is physiological, incorporation of this quality into a ligament replacement material would be indicated. Twenty recreational long distance runners average age 41 (range 24 to 50 yr) were tested before and immediately after 30 minutes of running. Using a computerized goniometer type instrument (Acufex KSS), knee flexion, axial tibial rotation and anterior-posterior tibial displacement were simultaneously recorded, while the runners underwent tests of static as well as dynamic knee joint laxity. At 30 degrees of knee flexion, a maximum increase of 16 per cent in mean total anterior-posterior laxity post-exercise was found. At the examination 30 minutes post-exercise, laxity at 30 degrees of knee flexion was still increased. However, laxity at 90 degrees of knee flexion had decreased to pre-exercise levels or below. Anterior tibial displacement, recorded during eccentric quadriceps activity (0 to 90 degrees of knee flexion) with weights attached to the foot, showed a maximum of 18 per cent increase in total anterior-posterior laxity post-exercise. It is suggested that the laxity increase is caused in part by a true ligamentous laxity increase, and in part by a decreased resting tone of the fatigued muscles.
TCT-430 ABSORB everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation in daily clinical practice. A single center registry analysis
Authors: Mariëlla E. Hassell, Robin P. Kraak, Maik J. Grundeken, Karel T. Koch, Jose P. Henriques, Jan Baan, Marije M. Vis, Karin Arkenbout, Jan G. Tijssen, Robbert J. de Winter, Jan Piek, Joanna J. Wykrzykowska
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Too many doctors, and more on the way
Authors: J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Spring is the season when senior medical students' minds turn to jobs. On 20 March the 45th annual “match” was held, a day where senior students receive envelopes telling envelopes that will tell them where they will spend their years as junior doctors. This March was also a month when researchers confirmed the policy makers' belief that America has too many doctors. For the first time this century, America's senior doctors face the real threat of unemployment.

The good news came from the youngest decision makers: the senior medical students. In increasing numbers they are choosing to enter primary care, where experts say there is still a need. Of the 14539 US students who will take junior posts, 54.4% chose primary care specialities: family medicine, internal medicine, and …
Treatment of Suspected Staphylococcal Infection
Authors: JOHN Richard Graybill
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  A recent letter about the dangerous triangle warrants further comment ( 209 :561, 1969). Dr. Eckberg gives a concise and complete description of the progression of superficial facial infections to cavernous sinus thrombosis. However, several aspects of the treatment must be questioned. Despite antibiotic disk sensitivities, tetracycline is not an appropriate antibiotic for staphylococcal infections. Whenever a life-threatening staphylococcal infection is suspected (eg, cavernous sinus thrombosis) the patient should be treated with antibiotics effective against penicillinase-producing staphylococci. Methicillin and the cephalosporin derivatives and vancomycin are examples of such drugs. They may be used alone or in conjunction with penicillin, which is the most effective agent for nonpenicillinase-producing staphylococci. These drugs are not only bactericidal ( tetracycline is bacteriostatic), but also circumvent the problem of rapidly emerging drug resistance which contraindicates tetracycline in staphylococcal infections. Equally important, cortisone and irradiation provide no benefit in staphylococcal infections ( 183 :462, 1963) and
The Relationship of Cancer Pain to Anxiety
Authors: Galina Velikova, Peter J. Selby, Philip R. Snaith, Paul G. Kirby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1995)

The interaction between pain and anxiety in the setting of somatic illness is a widely recognised association. More accurate knowledge about the association and also about the means of assessing anxiety in a clinical setting are of use to the clinician. The present study used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for assessment of anxiety, and the set of linear analogue scales for detecting the presence and severity of anxiety and pain in an oncology clinic, where patients were undergoing active treatment for cancer. The relationship between pain and anxiety was found to be significant, even when the possible mediating effect of the variables of illness severity and age were removed. The need for detecting anxiety in order to plan treatment strategy is emphasised.
Pandemic Dengue in Caribbean Countries and the Southern United States — Past, Present and Potential Problems
Authors: N. Joel Ehrenkranz, Arnoldo K. Ventura, Raul R. Cuadrado, William L. Pond, John E. Porter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE outbreaks of dengue in the Caribbean area in 1963–64 and 1968–691 have served as reminders of the continuing presence of dengue in the Western Hemisphere, and the threat of recurrence of epidemic dengue in the southern United States. Since the first Caribbean pandemic in 1827, epidemics have been regularly reported in this region (Table 1). Their undiminished frequency, despite an increasing knowledge of causative viruses, disease vectors and means of prevention, must be taken as prima facie evidence of insufficient knowledge for effective long-term control or inadequate application of existing knowledge (or both). This paper will review the history . . .
Relief of Pain in Cancer of Pelvis
Authors: M. Kenny
Journal: BMJ (1947)

I have briefly described two procedures which may be used to relieve intractable pelvic pain in women.One of these- pelvic sympathectomy-has proved most helpful in cases of carcinoma of the uterus, dysmenorrhoea, endometriosis, and pelvic pain of unknown aetiology.In inoperable cases of cancer pelvic neurectomy is helpful not only for the relief of pain but also as a prophylactic procedure at the time of hysterectomy.Likewise, pelvic sympathectomy is of great benefit in cases of endometriosis treated conservatively, not only because it relieves the pain but also because it apparently improves the endometriosis.Nearly all cases of severe primary dysmenorrhoea can be cured by sympathectomy, but this opera- tion should not be done until all conservative measures have proved futile.Finally, in cases subjected to a number of laparotomies without relief of pain pelvic sympathectomy will yield spectacular results.Intraspinal (subarachnoid) injection of alcohol is another means of obtaining relief from excruciating pelvic pain.This procedure is much simpler than pelvic sympathectomy and does not even require treatment in hospital.Furthermore, the per- centage of patients with uterine carcinoma who obtain relief is higher than with pelvic sympathectomy.Nevertheless, because this procedure may injure the spinal cord it should not be used for any individual except one with cancer.
Waist-to-Height Ratio and BMI Predict Different Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Chinese Children
Authors: Weili Yan, Xiaoling Wang, Hua Yao, Jianghong Dai, Yujian Zheng, Xiaoyan Yang, Xiaokaiti Yibulayin, Jun Cui
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Recently, waist-to-height ratio (WHR) has been documented as a better indicator of obesity and cardiovascular risk than BMI in several different pediatric populations. In the present study, we, for the first time, compared the association of nine cardiovascular risk factors with BMI, waist circumference (WC), and WHR in Chinese children. A random sample of 389 Han and 272 Uygur ethnic children aged 7–18 years (mean ± SE 10.7 ± 3.2) were selected stratified by age, sex, and ethnicity from a school-based cross-sectional study performed in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (the prevalence …
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Elderly
Authors: Mickey Eisenberg, Richard O. Cummins, Mary Pat Larsen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1990Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the ElderlyMickey Eisenberg, MD, PhD, Richard O. Cummins, MD, MPH, Mary Pat Larsen, MSMickey Eisenberg, MD, PhD, Richard O. Cummins, MD, MPH, Mary Pat Larsen, MSAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-5-408 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editors: Data from the article by Murphy and colleagues (1) paint a depressing picture. Lest readers be left with the impression that cardiac resuscitation of elderly patients in the prehospital setting is futile (only 2 of the 244 patients in their study survived), we would like to share our experience in King County, Washington.The King County Emergency Medical Service Program, in operation since 1975, uses a two-tier response system consisting of emergency medical technicians and paramedics, with average response times of 4 and 10 minutes respectively. Since the program began, we have studied all cardiac arrests in...References1. MurphyMurrayRobinsonCampion JABE. Outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the elderly. Ann Intern Med. 1989; 111:199-205. LinkGoogle Scholar2. EisenbergHorwoodCummins MBR. Cardiac arrest and resuscitation: a tale of 29 cities. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19:179. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: King County Emergency Medical Services Seattle, WA 98104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByResuscitation of the ElderlyCARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION IN THE ELDERLYRecommended Guidelines for Reviewing, Reporting, and Conducting Research on In-hospital Resuscitation: The In-hospital "Utstein Style"*Recommended Guidelines for Reviewing, Reporting, and Conducting Research on In-Hospital Resuscitation: The In-Hospital "Utstein Style"Recommended Guidelines for Reviewing, Reporting, and Conducting Research on In-Hospital Resuscitation: The In-Hospital 'Utstein Style'Recommended guidelines for reviewing, reporting, and conducting research on in-hospital resuscitation: the in-hospital 'Utstein style'Outcomes of cardiac arrest in the nursing home: Destiny or futility?Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Elderly Patients Hospitalized In The 1990s: A Favorable Outcome 1 September 1990Volume 113, Issue 5Page: 408-409KeywordsAllied health care professionalsCardiopulmonary resuscitationElderlyEmergency medical servicesEmergency medical techniciansHeartResuscitation Issue Published: 1 September 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Bovine endothelial cells in culture produce thromboxane as well as prostacyclin.
Authors: C Ingerman-Wojenski, M J Silver, J B Smith, E Macarak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Bovine aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells in culture were incubated with arachidonic acid or prostaglandin H2. The amount of prostacyclin nd thromboxane A2 synthesized ws then determined by specific radioimmunoassay for 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2. Although smooth muscle cells produced only 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and thromboxane B2 in a ratio of 5:1 to 10:1. The same ratio of these metabolites of arachidonic acid ws also found when prostaglandin production from endogenous arachidonic acid was stimulated in endothelial cells by the ionophore A23187. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors inhibited the production of both metabolites equally, whereas thromboxane synthetase inhibitors selectively inhibited the production of thromboxane B2. Cells in culture were also incubated with [1-14C]arachidonic acid and the extracted products were identified by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. 6-Keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha was the only metabolite produced by smooth muscle cells, but endothelial cells synthesized 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha, thromboxane B2, prostaglandin E2, and prostaglandin F2 alpha.