tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Multicystic Kidney
Authors: J R STY, D P BABBITT, H W OECHLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

The multicystic kidney is the most common renal mass in the newborn child. The entity represents 50-65% of all abdominal masses presenting during infancy. The use of Tc-99m-glucoheptonate renal imaging and ultrasonography has improved the diagnostic accuracy in this condition. Four patients with unilateral multicystic kidneys are discussed. The diagnostic and pathologic characteristics of the multicystic kidney are described.
Elevated C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerosis — Chicken or Egg?
Authors: Heribert Schunkert, Nilesh J. Samani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

One of the most debated topics in cardiovascular medicine is whether C-reactive protein (CRP), a component of the acute-phase response, is a causal factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.1,2 If it is, the implications could be far-reaching and include new approaches for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction and stroke.3 Support for a role of CRP in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis comes largely from epidemiologic studies that have consistently observed an association between elevated plasma CRP levels and cardiovascular events.1,4,5 The statistical strength of such associations is at least as robust as that of established risk . . .
Transverse presentation caused by omphalocele
Authors: M. J. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  Transverse presentation, which occurs in approximately 0.25% of all deliveries, is 1 ten times more frequent in women with a parity of four or more than in primigravidas because of the more relaxed abdominal wall in the former. 2 In nulliparous patients, it is usually associated with pelvic contraction, placenta previa, malformation of the uterus, and hydrocephalus. The following is our experience with a transverse presentation in a primigravida caused by a complete omphalocele.  Report of a Case:—  A 22-year-old, gravida 1 para 0, white woman was seen in the prenatal clinic at six weeks gestation. The antepartum course was unremarkable until the 32nd week, when a transverse lie of the fetus was observed and confirmed by x-ray film examination. The transverse presentation persisted until the 39th week, when spontaneous labor began, at which time the presentation was again radiologically confirmed. Delivery was effected by low segment
Involvement of lipid rafts and caveolae in cardiac ion channel function
Authors: A MAGUY, T HEBERT, S NATTEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

A variety of lipid microdomains, including caveolae, have been shown to play an important role in both protein targetting and in controlling protein–protein interactions. There is increasing evidence for significant ion channel localization in lipid rafts. Cardiac channel subunits known to localize in lipid rafts include Kv1.4, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, Kv4, Kir2, Kir3, KATP, Nav and Cav subunits. This article reviews what is known about the occurrence and functional significance of cardiac ion channel/lipid raft interactions. Much remains to be learned about this area of potentially enormous importance to cardiac function in health and disease.
Phosphate enemas in childhood: cause for concern.
Authors: M McCabe, J R Sibert, P A Routledge
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Phosphate enemas are generally thought to be nontoxic to children and not absorbed in appreciable quantities.A recent report on the toxicity of magnesium sulphate enemas implied that phosphate enemas might be an alternative.'The British National Formulary states only that "the dose should be reduced in children."'However, there have been several reports from North America of the absorption and toxicity of phosphate enemas,3s one of which was fatal.We report a case of severe toxicity due to such an enema.
Business and Health Planning for General Practice
Authors: P. L Heywood
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Peter Edwards, Stephen Jones, Stephanie Williams, Radcliffe, pounds sterling13.50, pp 231, ISBN 1 855775 056 X

It is sad when a good work book presents as a bad textbook because the authors give it the wrong title. Business and Health Planning for General Practice is a book for the many practices that are dragging themselves reluctantly into fundholding; it tells them how to prepare. As such it is didactic, practical, readable, comprehensive, and, dare I say it, enjoyable. The principal author is clearly a general practitioner, who presents his practice's solutions to the many problems it has faced. It …
Acute Coronary Syndromes and Regionalization of Care—Reply
Authors: Saif S. Rathore, Andrew J. Epstein, Kevin G. M. Volpp, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Superior outcomes associated with complete response in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with nonintensive therapy: analysis of the phase 3 VISTA study of bortezomib plus melphalan-prednisone versus melphalan-prednisone
Authors: Jean-Luc Harousseau, Antonio Palumbo, Paul G. Richardson, Rudolf Schlag, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Ofer Shpilberg, Martin Kropff, Alain Kentos, Michele Cavo, Anatoly Golenkov, Mieczyslaw Komarnicki, Maria-Victoria Mateos, Dixie-Lee Esseltine, Andrew Cakana, Kevin Liu, William Deraedt, Helgi van de Velde, Jesús F. San Miguel
Journal: Blood (2010)
Anesthesia-Related Risks Have Plummeted
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

NEW YORKERS often are considered a fearless lot. However, 100 who recently were surveyed said their greatest fear about anesthesia was not regaining consciousness. The fear of dying while under anesthesia is common, officials of the New York State Society of Anesthesiology (NYSSA) said during their recent annual meeting, the largest international clinical meeting in anesthesiology. But many patients aren't aware of how drastically the chances of dying while anesthetized have dropped in the past 25 years. "In 1970, your chance of dying from anesthesia was one in 4500, in 1985 it was one in 150 000, and today it is probably close to one in 400 000," said Margaret G. Pratila, MD, chair of public education and information at the NYSSA and associate attending anesthesiologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. The one in 400 000 figure Pratila quoted is from a study by the Society
Active Compression-Decompression Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Jeffrey B. Sack
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The study by Cohen et al<sup>1</sup>on active compression-decompression (ACD) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) represents the first new variation of CPR in many years. However, several points concerning this modification of standard CPR need attention. The authors present no data on complications from actively decompressing the chest wall with the ACD device. It would have been useful if the authors had autopsies performed on all patients receiving CPR, with specific attention directed to the thoracic cavity. Active compression-decompression with the ACD device may produce more trauma to the sternum than standard chest compressions alone. Unfortunately, the study's design and sample size does not allow for an adequate comparison of complications between ACD CPR and standard CPR. We would caution the use of this device until such data are available. While the investigators demonstrated improvement in several hemodynamic variables with ACD CPR, they failed to show an improvement
New therapies for sepsis: focus on the interleukin (IL)12 family member IL27
Authors: M. F Neurath
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

AbstractSepsis is a severe complication of abdominal infections such as peritonitis and is associated with high mortality. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms controlling the development of sepsis are still incompletely understood. Interestingly, the interleukin (IL) 12 family member IL27 seems to play a key role in sepsis. In a murine model of septic peritonitis induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP), IL27 levels were found to be strongly induced. Furthermore, mice deficient for the EBI3 subunit of IL27 were resistant to CLP-induced septic peritonitis as compared to wild-type controls. This effect could be suppressed by injection of recombinant IL27. Further studies demonstrated that IL27 directly suppresses endotoxin-induced production of reactive oxygen intermediates by isolated primary murine granulocytes. The significance of this observation was underlined by studies on in vivo blockade of IL27 function using a newly designed soluble IL27 receptor fusion protein (sWSX-Fc). Such treatment led to significantly increased survival after CLP as compared to control-treated mice. These findings indicate that IL27 is an important negative regulator of innate immune cells in septic peritonitis. Blockade of IL27 function could be an interesting novel approach for the treatment of patients with sepsis.
Results of all clinical trials should be posted within a year, says WHO
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT) includes nasopharyngeal, laryngeal and tracheal disease. Documented SURT occurs in ∼5% of patients, although upper airway symptoms are more common in patients with sarcoidosis. Wegener granulomatosis may have a similar appearance to SURT, but there are important differences in the manifestations of the disease locally as well as systemically. In some cases, topical treatment is adequate to control SURT. However, many patients with significant sinus or laryngeal disease require long-term systemic treatment. While corticosteroids are often the initial drug of choice, there have been several reports of the effectiveness of cytotoxic agents and anti-tumour necrosis factor antibodies.
Left ventricular performance, regional blood flow, wall motion, and lactate metabolism during transluminal angioplasty.
Authors: P W Serruys, W Wijns, M van den Brand, S Meij, C Slager, J C Schuurbiers, P G Hugenholtz, R W Brower
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The response of left ventricular function, coronary blood flow, and myocardial lactate metabolism during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was studied in a series of patients undergoing the procedure. From four to six balloon inflation procedures per patient were performed with an average duration per occlusion of 51 +/- 12 sec (mean +/- SD) and a total occlusion time of 252 +/- 140 sec. Analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics in 19 patients showed that the relaxation parameters, peak negative rate of change in pressure, and early time constants of relaxation, responded earliest to short-term coronary occlusion (peak effect at 17 +/- 7 sec) while other parameters, such as peak pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and peak positive rate of change in pressure, responded more gradually, suggesting a progressive depression of myocardial mechanics throughout the procedure. Left ventricular angiograms, available for 14 patients, indicated an early onset of asynchronous relaxation concurrent with the early response in peak negative dP/dt and the time constant of early relaxation. All hemodynamic functions fully recovered within minutes after the end of PTCA. Mean blood flow in the great cardiac vein and proximal coronary sinus and the hyperemic response were measured in 20 patients. Before PTCA mean flow in the great cardiac vein was 69 +/- 17 ml/min and in the coronary sinus it was 129 +/- 34 ml/min. Reactive hyperemia (great cardiac vein) was 55% after the first PTCA and 91% after the third. A more pronounced reaction was observed when the residual functional coronary stenosis was reduced in subsequent dilatations. Arteriovenous lactate difference appeared constant during the first two occlusions (control +0.11 mmol/liter, first PTCA -0.87 mmol/liter, and second PTCA -0.82 mmol/liter) and did not increase during subsequent occlusions. Within minutes after the procedure lactate balance was again positive, demonstrating the reversibility of the metabolic disturbances after repeated ischemia. The results of this study indicate that there is no permanent dysfunction of global or regional myocardial mechanics, myocardial blood flow, or lactate metabolism after PTCA with four to six coronary occlusions of 40 to 60 sec.
Autres pays, autres moeurs.
Authors: J. Segall
Journal: BMJ (1989)

SIR,-Professor Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe's editorial' on why the French seem to have much less coronary heart disease than the British did not include the theory that associates the condition specifically with a high consumption of milk-that is, not simply with intake of dairy fats.'The evidence that supports this theory2`has to my knowledge never been refuted, or even challenged.The data on food supply published by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for France and the United Kingdom are consistent with this milk theory: French people consume less whole milk but more dairy fat."The table shows the relevant figures for 1985.Consumption of whole milk and dairy fat (grams per.person per day) United France Kingdom Whole milk and fresh whole milk products 230 7 386 6 Butter 254 13 5 Cheese 57 2 17 3 Total dairy fat 42-0 28-8The OECD figures do not seem to support the polyunsaturated fat theory.The supply per persot of vegetable oils and fats is almost the same in the two countries (32-4 g in France, 33 7 g in the United Kingdom), whereas the supply of fats and oils from marine animals processed for food products is about six times higher in the United Kingdom.Total fats from meat and from fish are 26% and 22% higher, respectively, in France.
NEW INSIGHTS IN CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY BY NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Bo Zheng, Akiko Maehara, Gary Mintz, Tamim Nazif, Yarden Wachsman, Luz Jaquez, Leroy Rabbani, Mark Apfelbaum, Ziad Ali, Kate Dalton, Donna Mancini, Giora Weisz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Intestinal absorption in normal Indian and English people.
Authors: M D Hellier, A N Radhakrishnan, V Ganapathy, A Gammon, S J Baker
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The absorption of glycine, glycylglycine, water, and electrolytes was studied by intestinal perfusion in normal Indian and English people. Compared with the English people the Indians showed impaired absorption of all four substances. In the Indians the absorption of glycine and glycylglycine was impaired to the same extent, so that the kinetic advantage of glycylglycine as compared with glycine was preserved. The reduced absorption in the Indians may be the functional counterpart of the minor morphological changes seen in the jejunal mucosa of people living in southern India.
Comparison of Corticotrophin and Prednisolone in Treatment of Idiopathic Facial Paralysis (Bell's Palsy)
Authors: D. Taverner, S. B. Cohen, B. C. Hutchinson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In a controlled trial of the effects of intramuscular corticotrophin and oral prednisolone in the treatment of acute Bell9s palsy 186 successive patients with idiopathic facial palsy were grouped for age and duration of palsy. They were then allocated at random to either corticotrophin or prednisolone therapy in pairs. The results were: (1) 94 received corticotrophin and 32 developed some degree of denervation and 92 received prednisolone and 13 developed some degree of denervation (P &lt;0·005); (2) six of the corticotrophin group became severely denervated (less than 50% recovery) compared with none of the prednisolone group (P &lt;0·02); (3) the best results were obtained in the younger patients (less than 45 years old) treated on the first or second day of palsy; and (4) side effects were minimal. It is concluded that oral prednisolone is the treatment of choice for idiopathic facial (Bell9s) palsy.
Zolpidem-Related Surge in Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT VISITS INvolving adverse reactions to the sleep medication zolpidem increased 220% from 2005 to 2010, from 6111 visits to 19 487 visits, said the authors of a report issued May 1 by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Nearly 3 in 4 zolpidem-related emergency department visits involved patients aged 45 years or older, and roughly two-thirds were women. An estimated 50 million to 70 million people in the United States have chronic sleep disorders. Zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic medicine, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1992 for the short-term treatment of insomnia and is the active ingredient in such drugs as Ambien, Ambien CR, Edluar, and Zolpimist. After the FDA initially approved zolpidem, the agency has recommended that the dose of most products containing the drug should be reduced by half when prescribed for older patients. But zolpidem is often being prescribed at the higher dose, which may increase adverse reactions, reported SAMHSA. Adverse reactions associated with zolpidem include daytime drowsiness, dizziness, hallucinations, agitation, sleepwalking, and driving while not fully awake. In addition, the drug’s sedative effects can be dangerously enhanced when the medication is combined with other substances, such as certain anti-anxiety medications and narcotic pain relievers that depress the central nervous system. In 2010, half of all emergency department visits related to zolpidem involved its use with other drugs, and 37% of all emergency department visits related to zolpidem involved additional use of drugs that depressed the central nervous system, such as antianxiety medications such as benzodiazepines, narcotic pain relievers, and alcohol, according to the SAMHSA report. “Al though s h o r t t e r m sleeping medic a t i ons can help patients, it is exceedingly important that they be carefully used and moni tored ,” sa id Pame la S. Hyde, JD, SAMHSA administrator, in a release. “Physicians and patients need to be aware of the potential adverse reactions associated with any medication and work closely together to prevent or quickly address any problems that may arise.” The findings in the SAMHSA report, “Emergency Department Visits for Adverse Reactions Involving the Insomnia MedicationZolpidem,”arebasedondata fromthe2005to2010DrugAbuseWarning Network (DAWN) reports (http: //tinyurl.com/d5shp9u).DAWNisapublichealthsurveillancesystemthatmonitors drug-related morbidity and mortality through reports from a network of hospitalsacrosstheUnitedStates.Adverse reactions are defined as emergency departmentvisitsinwhichanadversehealth consequence results when taking prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, or dietary supplements as prescribed or recommended. news@JAMA From JAMA’s Daily News Site
COMPLICATIONS AND SEQUELAE OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: A. Carlton Ernstene
Journal: JAMA (1952)

The prognosis of the immediate illness in acute myocardial infarction is determined principally by the size of the infarcted area and by whether certain complications develop. In patients who recover, ultimate longevity and the degree of functional rehabilitation attained depend to a large extent on whether certain sequelae occur. The purpose of this paper is to review the most important of the complications and sequelae of acute myocardial infarction, with particular reference to their clinical features and to the prevention or treatment of those for which prophylactic or therapeutic measures are available. <h3>COMPLICATIONS</h3> The principal complications of acute myocardial infarction are shock, acute left ventricular failure, congestive heart failure, abnormalities of cardiac rhythm, thromboembolism, rupture of the ventricle, perforation of the interventricular septum, and rupture of a papillary muscle. Each of these conditions will be considered briefly. <h3>Shock.</h3> —A shock-like state of mild to severe degree occurs in 50% or
Effect of iron chelation on inflammatory joint disease.
Authors: F J Andrews, C J Morris, G Kondratowicz, D R Blake
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

Mild iron deficiency induced by treatment with the iron chelator desferrioxamine reduced the incidence and severity of joint inflammation associated with adjuvant disease in rats but did not alter the local primary inflammatory response or the systemic sequelae. Both rats treated with desferrioxamine and control rats showed increased levels of alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, characteristic pathological changes in the liver and inguinal lymph nodes, and the primary inflammatory response at the site of injection. Histology, microfocal radiography, and gross assessment of the joints, however, showed a suppression or reduction in soft tissue swelling and bone erosion in the rats treated with desferrioxamine. This is a novel observation suggesting an apparently selective influence of iron on joint mediated inflammation.
AIDS — Will the Next 20 Years Be Different?
Authors: Robert Steinbrook, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

In the fall of 1981, a patient was referred to one of us at a teaching hospital in Boston for the evaluation of hypoxemia and a mildly abnormal chest radiograph. It was perplexing that a previously healthy man, without known risk factors, would have what turned out to be Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. When the case was discussed at a staff conference, one of the fellows pointed out a recent report in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). The article, “Pneumocystis Pneumonia — Los Angeles,” was a description of five homosexual men with what soon came to be known as . . .