tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anesthesia-Assisted vs Buprenorphine- or Clonidine-Assisted Heroin Detoxification and Naltrexone Induction
Authors: Eric D. Collins, Herbert D. Kleber, Robert A. Whittington, Nicole E. Heitler
Journal: JAMA (2005)

ContextRapid opioid detoxification with opioid antagonist induction using general anesthesia has emerged as an expensive, potentially dangerous, unproven approach to treat opioid dependence.ObjectiveTo determine how anesthesia-assisted detoxification with rapid antagonist induction for heroin dependence compared with 2 alternative detoxification and antagonist induction methods.Design, Setting, and PatientsA total of 106 treatment-seeking heroin-dependent patients, aged 21 through 50 years, were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 inpatient withdrawal treatments over 72 hours followed by 12 weeks of outpatient naltrexone maintenance with relapse prevention psychotherapy. This randomized trial was conducted between 2000 and 2003 at Columbia University Medical Center's Clinical Research Center. Outpatient treatment occurred at the Columbia University research service for substance use disorders. Patients were included if they had an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status of I or II, were without major comorbid psychiatric illness, and were not dependent on other drugs or alcohol.InterventionsAnesthesia-assisted rapid opioid detoxification with naltrexone induction, buprenorphine-assisted rapid opioid detoxification with naltrexone induction, and clonidine-assisted opioid detoxification with delayed naltrexone induction.Main Outcome MeasuresWithdrawal severity scores on objective and subjective scales; proportions of patients receiving naltrexone, completing inpatient detoxification, and retained in treatment; proportion of opioid-positive urine specimens.ResultsMean withdrawal severities were comparable across the 3 treatments. Compared with clonidine-assisted detoxification, the anesthesia- and buprenorphine-assisted detoxification interventions had significantly greater rates of naltrexone induction (94% anesthesia, 97% buprenorphine, and 21% clonidine), but the groups did not differ in rates of completion of inpatient detoxification. Treatment retention over 12 weeks was not significantly different among groups with 7 of 35 (20%) retained in the anesthesia-assisted group, 9 of 37 (24%) in the buprenorphine-assisted group, and 3 of 34 (9%) in the clonidine-assisted group. Induction with 50 mg of naltrexone significantly reduced the risk of dropping out (odds ratio, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.51). There were no significant group differences in proportions of opioid-positive urine specimens. The anesthesia procedure was associated with 3 potentially life-threatening adverse events.ConclusionThese data do not support the use of general anesthesia for heroin detoxification and rapid opioid antagonist induction.
Prognostic value of monosomal karyotype in comparison to complex aberrant karyotype in acute myeloid leukemia: a study on 824 cases with aberrant karyotype
Authors: Claudia Haferlach, Tamara Alpermann, Susanne Schnittger, Wolfgang Kern, Jörg Chromik, Christoph Schmid, Hermann Josef Pielken, Karl-Anton Kreuzer, Heinz-Gert Höffkes, Torsten Haferlach
Journal: Blood (2011)
B1-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism modulates cardiac sympathetic innervation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chikao Iwai, Hozuka Akita, Nobuyuki Shiga, Eiji Takai, Yoshitomo Miyamoto, Masakatsu Shimizu, Sei Fujiwara, Hiroya Kawai, Shin-ichioro Yamada, Akira Takarada, Teishi Kajiya, Mitsuhiro Yokoyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The selective growth inhibition of oral cancer by iron core-gold shell nanoparticles through mitochondria-mediated autophagy
Authors: Ya-Na Wu, Li-Xing Yang, Xuan-Yu Shi, I-Chen Li, Joanna M. Biazik, Kyle R. Ratinac, Dong-Hwang Chen, Pall Thordarson, Dar-Bin Shieh, Filip Braet
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Evaluation of reticulocyte counts by flow cytometry in a routine laboratory
Authors: David J. Ferguson, Siow‐Fong Lee, Philip A. Gordon
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Reticulocyte counting using flow cytometry and a membrane-permeable fluorescent dye, thiazole orange, was evaluated as an alternative to the conventional manual method. The flow cytometric method was more precise (mean c.v. of 4.3%) than the imprecise manual technique (mean c.v. of 22.4%). Linearity was highly acceptable (r = 0.99) over the reticulocyte count range of 1.8-30.1%. Flow cytometry allows processing of large numbers of samples with reduction in technologist time, and the improved precision and tenfold increase in the number of cells counted should considerably improve the clinical utility of the reticulocyte count.
Nephrotic Syndrome Associated with Renal Venous Thrombosis and Bronchial Carcinoma
Authors: J. de Swiet, A. L. Wells
Journal: BMJ (1957)

It is strongly recommended that, with the reagents we used, any flush extending beyond the needle puncture should be recorded as positive.To increase herd immunity only Schick-positives should be immunized, all pseudoreactors being treated as immune.The second reading of Schick tests showed a closer correlation with the level of circulating antitoxin than the first, but the first must not be omitted owing to the danger of missing pseudoreactors.It is possible, though of little practical value, to detect many of the pseudoreactors who have low antitoxin titres.Our thanks are due to Air Commodore J. Hill, principal medical officer, Home Command, and the senior medical officers and station sick-quarters staff of the recruit centres for their help and co-operation,
Serum paraproteins in osteoporosis
Authors: C. McSharry, E. Galloway, D. Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (1989)

depend on valproate for optimal control of their seizures throughout the childbearing years.5It is clearly of enormous importance that women with primary generalised epilepsies are differentiated from those with partial epilepsy, who will be best managed with carbamazepine.They are a group requiring specific counselling of the small risks of valproate to any pregnancy and needing screening of any pregnancy for neural tube defects within the first trimester.Patients themselves can probably best decide whether they wish to take the most effective drug and accept a small risk of neural tube defect or to take a less optimal drug that might be somewhat safer in pregnancy.
Improving school ethos may reduce substance misuse and teenage pregnancy
Authors: C Bonell, A Fletcher, J McCambridge
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Substance misuse and teenage pregnancy are major public health challenges. Existing responses generally focus on individual characteristics, such as knowledge and attitudes about substances and sexual risk, rather than wider social and institutional influences, and seem to have brought about only limited benefits. We review evidence suggesting that interventions aiming to promote one such wider influence—positive school ethos—might provide an effective complement to existing interventions.
Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction: Author's reply
Authors: A. D Timmis
Journal: BMJ (1990)

REPLY,-My article made clear that single enzyme measurements are rarely diagnostic in the first 12 hours.Serial measurements are more useful, but in the real world of a busy hospital and an understaffed biochemistry laboratory this is unlikely to find much favour, particularly when the method requires four hourly blood sampling and construction of a "log creatine kinase slope."Even if the method were practicable it would not permit diagnosis until 12 hours or more after admission (perhaps 16 hours after infarction), when the benefits of thrombolytic treatment are considerably diminished and when electrocardiography often shows unequivocal changes.Practical considerations aside, I am less enthusiastic than Dr Mullen about the validity of this method.The main differential diagnosis in patients with cardiac chest pain is between unstable angina and acute infarction.Difficulties arise only if the electrocardiogram taken on ad- mission to hospital is non-diagnostic, and an additional test may be required.Collinson et al gave no information about admission electro- cardiograms, and in the 1989 study only one patient had unstable angina compared with 34 with acute infarction-which makes it difficult to assess the test's discriminatory value.Indeed, they seem to acknowledge this difficulty by diagnosing five patients as "ischaemia ?infarction," a conundrum
Trauma Work, Sense of Coherence, and Positive and Negative Changes in Therapists
Authors: P. Alex Linley, Stephen Joseph, Konstantinos Loumidis
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The negative effects of vicarious traumatization through trauma work are well known. However, a growing body of evidence testifies to the positive effects that have been reported following trauma. This study explored the potential positive effects of trauma work on therapists, with a focus on the associations of the personality construct ‘sense of coherence’ with both positive and negative changes. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; The study examined the positive and negative effects of trauma work in an international sample of 85 therapists. Participants completed measures of their trauma work experience, sense of coherence and positive and negative changes they experienced as a result of their trauma work. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; A greater sense of coherence was associated with fewer negative changes and more positive changes. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Adversarial growth in therapists deserves further enquiry to allow a more detailed understanding of the factors and processes involved.
Philippines clamps down on unscrupulous hospitals
Authors: A. Easton
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Unscrupulous hospitals in the Philippines could face tougher penalties if they continue to demand cash payments before they will give patients emergency treatment. Many privately run hospitals refuse to admit or treat patients if they do not pay 10-50% of the costs of treatment on arrival.



Many hospitals in the Philippines are ridden with debt.

PANOS PICTURES



According to John Basa, secretary of the senate's committee on health, thousands of patients have either died or suffered permanent serious injury because they could not immediately …
Granulomas in Brucella melitensis Infection
Authors: Hein G. M. Jordans, Kees D. De Bruin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 February 1980Granulomas in Brucella melitensis InfectionHEIN G. M. JORDANS, M.D., KEES D. DE BRUIN, M.D.HEIN G. M. JORDANS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KEES D. DE BRUIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-2-264_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Young (1) states in his brief report that histologic characteristics of the liver inBrucellamelitensis hepatitis differ from those in B. abortus infection (diffuse rather than granulomatous hepatitis). He bases this opinion on findings in a series of five patients with B. melitensis hepatitis and in experimental infection in mice. Information on histologic findings in liver in patients withB. melitensisinfection is admittedly rare in the literature. There is, however, at least one French report in which one case of granulomatous hepatitis due toB. melitensisis cited (2). In a series of 116 histologically...References1. YOUNG E. Brucella melitensis hepatitis: the absence of granulomas. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:414-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VIC-DUPONTBISMUTHVACHONLARGARDEVERNANTMIGNON VHFPDE. Un cas de granulomatose hépatique nécrosante isolée mélitococcique. Ann Med Interne (Paris). 1976;127:253-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. BORÓNJEZINAKORENKIECIWZMUSIATOWICZ PCIB. Liver pathology in chronic brucellosis. Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg). 1974;21:261-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: HEIN G. M. JORDANS, M.D.; KEES D. DE BRUIN, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLiver and Bile Duct InfectionsLiver histology of acute brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensisLiver and Bile Duct InfectionsA multicenter retrospective study defining the clinical and hematological manifestations of brucellosis and pancytopenia in a large series: Hematological malignancies, the unusual cause of pancytopenia in patients with brucellosisGranulomas in the liverLipoproteins, Not Lipopolysaccharide, Are the Key Mediators of the Proinflammatory Response Elicited by Heat-Killed Brucella abortusGastrointestinal BrucellosisLung diseases in the tropics. Part 1: tropical granulomatous disorders of the lung: diagnosis and managementGranulomatous Liver Disease: Clinical AspectsGastrointestinal brucellosisBrucella HepatitisEDWARD J. YOUNG, M.D. 1 February 1980Volume 92, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 264-265KeywordsBrucellaGranulomasHepatitisHepatitis AInfectious hepatitisLiver ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Subclinical and Clinical Eating Disorders in IDDM Negatively Affect Metabolic Control
Authors: Sandra G Affenito, Jeffrey R Backstrand, Garry W Welch, Carol J Lammi-Keefe, Nancy R Rodriguez, Cynthia H Adams
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To characterize the relationship of subclinical and clinical eating disorders to HbA1c values in women with IDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ninety women with IDDM (18–46 years of age) were recruited from diabetes clinics throughout Connecticut and Massachusetts. Subjects were categorized into one of three groups according to the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R) criteria for eating disorders as follows: the clinical group (n = 14), the subclinical group (partially fulfilling the diagnostic criteria; n = 13), and the control group (n = 63). Group differences in the degree of dietary restraint, binge eating, and bulimic behaviors and weight, shape, and eating concerns were assessed with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE) and the Bulimia Test Revised (BULIT-R). RESULTS Women with subclinical and clinical eating disorders had clinically elevated HbA1c results and more diabetes-related complications, compared with the control subjects. The severity of bulimic behaviors, weight concerns, reduced BMI, and decreased frequency of blood glucose monitoring were associated with elevated HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS HbA1c may have clinical utility in the identification of eating disorder behavior in females with IDDM. Health care professionals should be aware of the potent effect of subclinical and clinical eating behaviors including insulin misuse in weight-conscious women with IDDM who have poor glycemic control.
Rush desensitization in heparin hypersensitivity: a case report
Authors: G. Patriarca, M. Rossi, D. Schiavino, G. Schinco, G. Fais, C. Varano, R. Schiavello
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Among all the known drug intolerances, adverse reactions to heparin are not very common. No desensitization in patients with heparin hypersensitivity has ever been attempted. We report the case of a 55–year‐old female patient with mitral stenosis and insufficiency, and tricuspid and aortic insufficiency. The patient underwent heparin treatment, and urticaria occurred with either s.c. calcium heparin or i.v. sodium heparin. Allergy testing (skin tests and patch tests) was negative. A pseudoallergic intolerance was diagnosed. Mitral valve replacement with the extracorporeal circulation method was necessary; therefore, heparin treatment was administered. A heparin rush desensitization together with antihistamine drugs (4 mg clorpheniramine maleate for 3 d) was started: 50 UI (0.5 mg) s.c. sodium heparin were first administered; within 4 d, 5000 UI (50 mg) sodium heparin was administered i.v. with no side‐effects. A full‐dosage heparin treatment was then administered and heart surgery was easily performed. During the postsurgical course, i.v. sodium heparin was smoothly replaced with s.c. calcium heparin (25000 UI s.c. per day) and with oral anticoagulants (sodium warfarin).
In-Vivo Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Monitoring of Endoscopic Laser Applications in the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: D. Külling, K. Treiber, M. Fried, P. Bauerfeind
Journal: Endoscopy (2000)

Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic laser therapy involves a risk of perforation, mainly because the depth of tissue destruction is not visible. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is capable of showing temperature changes, and is therefore suitable for monitoring thermal therapies such as laser. This animal study assessed the feasibility of real-time MR monitoring of endoscopic laser applications in the gastrointestinal tract.
Detection of Myocarditis in Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Tc-99m HMPAO WBC Myocardial Imaging in a Child
Authors: CHIA-HUNG KAO, SHYH-JEN WANG, SHIH-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A 9-month-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of progressive heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy with myocarditis was diagnosed.
Double heterozygosity of the β‐malay and a novel β‐thalassemia gene in a thai patient
Authors: Supan Fucharoen, Goonnapa Fucharoen, Vichai Laosombat, Yasuyuki Fukumaki
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract The β‐globin genes from a Thai patient compound heterozygous for β + ‐ and β° thalassemias were investigated. Amplification and DNA analysis of genomic DNA by the polymerase chain reaction procedure permitted the identification of the β‐Malay mutation (β 19;AAC‐AGC) in one allele and a novel β°‐thalassemia mutation (41;TTC‐TT) in another allele.
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of all major randomised clinical trials
Authors: Eric Boersma, Robert A Harrington, David J Moliterno, Harvey White, Pierre Théroux, Frans Van de Werf, Anneke de Torbal, Paul W Armstrong, Lars C Wallentin, Robert G Wilcox, John Simes, Robert M Califf, Eric J Topol, Maarten L Simoons
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
Doctors delinquent. II. The trials of two physicians charged with murder
Authors: S. M. Rabson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Charged with the preservation of life, the physician is often the most inept of murderers. Two case histories are presented to support this statement.  I George Henry Lamson, MD, visited his young brother-inlaw at his boarding school on Dec 3, 1881. Several hours later the boy, Percy John, was dead, poisoned, according to the Crown, by aconitine. Lamson, with a history of morphine-addiction, financial embarrassment, and unwise friendships, needed only the pharmacist's testimony to mark him for the gallows.  Percy, whom early poliomyelitis left with useless legs and a lumbar curvature, was to inherit £3,000 on reaching his 19th birthday on Dec 18. If he died prior to that time the bequest was to be divided between two sisters, one of them Lamson's wife. According to the law of the period, the receipts would be at her husband's disposal. The couple had already benefited by the earlier death, under unclear
Loss of Perivascular Adipose Tissue on Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-γ Deletion in Smooth Muscle Cells Impairs Intravascular Thermoregulation and Enhances Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lin Chang, Luis Villacorta, Rongxia Li, Milton Hamblin, Wei Xu, Chunyan Dou, Jifeng Zhang, Jiarui Wu, Rong Zeng, Y. Eugene Chen
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounds most vessels and shares common features with brown adipose tissue (BAT). Although adaptive thermogenesis in BAT increases energy expenditure and is beneficial for metabolic diseases, little is known about the role of PVAT in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. We hypothesize that the thermogenic function of PVAT regulates intravascular temperature and reduces atherosclerosis.PVAT shares similar structural and proteomics with BAT. We demonstrated that PVAT has thermogenic properties similar to BAT in response to cold stimuli in vivo. Proteomics analysis of the PVAT from mice housed in a cold environment identified differential expression in proteins highly related to cellular metabolic processes. In a mouse model deficient in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in smooth muscle cells (SMPG KO mice), we uncovered a complete absence of PVAT surrounding the vasculature, likely caused by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ deletion in the perivascular adipocyte precursor cells as well. Lack of PVAT, which results in loss of its thermogenic activity, impaired vascular homeostasis, which caused temperature loss and endothelial dysfunction. We further showed that cold exposure inhibits atherosclerosis and improves endothelial function in mice with intact PVAT but not in SMPG KO mice as a result of impaired lipid clearance. Proinflammatory cytokine expression in PVAT is not altered on exposure to cold. Finally, prostacyclin released from PVAT contributes to the vascular protection against endothelial dysfunction.PVAT is a vasoactive organ with functional characteristics similar to BAT and is essential for intravascular thermoregulation of cold acclimation. This thermogenic capacity of PVAT plays an important protective role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study Shows Reduced Hospitalization for Peptic Ulcer Disease Associated With H pylori Eradication and Proton Pump Inhibitor Use
Authors: Chun–Ying Wu, Chia–Hsuan Wu, Ming–Shiang Wu, Chang–Bi Wang, Jur–Shan Cheng, Ken N. Kuo, Jaw–Town Lin
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2009)
736 Early clearance of HCV RNA with valopicitabine (NM283) plus PEG-Interferon in treatment-naïve patients with HCV-1 infection: First results from a phase IIb trial
Authors: D. Dieterich, E. Lawitz, T. Nguyen, Z. Younes, J. Santoro, N. Gitlin, D. McEniry, R. Chasen, J. Goff, S. Knox, K. Kleber, B. Belanger, N. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Rheumatoid arthritis, the contraceptive pill, and androgens.
Authors: W H James
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Evidence is accumulating that low androgen concentrations are a cause of rheumatoid arthritis. This would explain a number of established features of the epidemiology of the disease. These include: (a) the variation of disease activity with pregnancy; (b) the variation of age at onset by sex; (c) the variation by sex with HLA-B15; (d) the association with bone mineral density; and (e) the differing time trends in incidence rates by sex. It is argued, moreover, that if one makes a plausible assumption--namely, that women who choose oral contraceptives have high androgen concentrations at the time they first make this choice--then an explanation becomes available for the confusion about the relation between rheumatoid arthritis and oral contraception. Grounds are adduced for that assumption. If this line of reasoning is substantially correct it also has implications for the relations between rheumatoid arthritis and smoking and consumption of alcohol.
Treatment of Nontoxic Goiter with Sodium Liothyronine
Authors: J. Badillo
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Administration of 75 μg of sodium liothyronine per day for 12 weeks resulted in a measurable decrease in the size of nontoxic goiters in about half of 46 patients. No nodules disappeared during these short courses of thyroid-suppressive therapy; in most cases, decrease in goiter size was relatively slow, and measurable changes were often not observed until after 8 weeks of therapy. Suppression of thyroidal iodine uptake or of endogenous hormone secretion was not necessary in order to obtain reductions in goiter size. This suggests the possibility that treatment of goiter with thyroid hormones could be reduced to a simple routine by using moderate doses for all patients and by omitting iodine uptake studies and determinations of protein-bound iodine.