tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Function in Pulmonary Thromboembolic Disorders
Authors: N. L. Jones, J. F. Goodwin
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Pulmonary embolism is now known to be a common disorder, but it is often difficult to diagnose, particularly when recurrent embolization gradually leads to the development of obstructive pulmonary hypertension. The abnormalities of pulmonary function produced by emboli have been the subject of several recent reports ; many of these studies, however, have been performed in the acute phase following an embolus, and in patients with complicating heart or lung disease or recovering from major operations. As pulmonary function may be dis turbed by these conditions, the extent to which the abnor malities found were related to the effects of embolism alone has often been uncertain. In the present work some aspects of pulmonary function have been studied, with particular emphasis on the response to exercise, in a group of patients suffering from thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension or recovering from one or more emboli. In order to establish the extent to which abnormal function reflects the severity of the disease, the results have been related to the findings at cardiac catheterization and to the angiographie appearances.
Cytomegalovirus is a potential risk factor for late‐onset hemorrhagic cystitis following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ting‐Ting Han, Lan‐Ping Xu, Dai‐Hong Liu, Kai‐Yan Liu, Hai‐Xia Fu, Xiang‐Yu Zhao, Xiao‐Su Zhao, Xiao‐Jun Huang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Late‐onset hemorrhagic cystitis (LOHC) is a common complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) and is primarily associated with viral infection. We prospectively quantified cytomegalovirus (CMV), BK virus (BKV), and adenovirus in urine and plasma using Q‐RT‐PCR in 50 consecutive patients to define the relationship between virus and LOHC. Of the 50 patients, 21 developed LOHC at a median of 29 days (range 4–64 days), with a cumulative incidence of 42% (±7.1%). The cumulative incidence of LOHC on day 100 in patients with and without CMV viremia (prior to or at the onset of LOHC) were 56.3% (±8.9%) and 16.7% (±9.1%) ( P = 0.018), respectively, and it was 59.3% (±9.8%) and 21.7% (±8.8%) in patients with and without CMV viruria (prior to or at the onset of LOHC) ( P = 0.021), respectively. The cumulative incidence of LOHC was also higher in patients with a plasma BKV load increased ≥3 log 10 or with a urine BKV load increased ≥4 log 10 than those without the increase ( P &lt; 0.001). Only one patient with LOHC was tested positive for ADV. Both the univariate and multivariate analyses showed that CMV viremia (HR = 3.461, 95% CI: 1.005–11.922, P = 0.049) and a plasma BKV load that was increased ≥3 log 10 (HR = 10.705, 95%CI: 2.469–46.420, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for the development of LOHC. We conclude that both CMV viremia and an increase of plasma BKV are independent risk factors for LOHC. And the role of CMV viremia was firstly demonstrated. Am. J. Hematol. 89:55–61, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Usefulness of repeated D-dimer testing after stopping anticoagulation for a first episode of unprovoked venous thromboembolism: the PROLONG II prospective study
Authors: Benilde Cosmi, Cristina Legnani, Alberto Tosetto, Vittorio Pengo, Angelo Ghirarduzzi, Sophie Testa, Domenico Prisco, Daniela Poli, Armando Tripodi, Francesco Marongiu, Gualtiero Palareti
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract 523: Chaetoglobosin K inhibits VEGF expression in ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Yi C. Chen, Haitao Luo, Zachary Douglas, Shannon Stewart, Zhaoliang Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the 5th leading cause of cancer deaths for women in America. In search for an effective reagent for prevention and treatment of ovarian cancers, we looked into a mycotoxin, chaetoglobosin K (ChK), and investigated its potential of angioprevention in two ovarian cancer cell lines. Cell viability and necrosis were checked with MTS- and LDH-based assays, respectively, and expression of several genes was analyzed by ELISA or Western Blotting. We found this mycotoxin dramatically toxic, sharply reducing cell viability at concentrations of 0.6 to 13 microM, and causing necrosis in both OVCAR-3 and A2780/CP70 cells at 2 microM. However, when applied at low concentrations (0.5 -2 microM), ChK effectively reduced expression of VEGF and HIF-1-alpha proteins, and inhibited phosphorylation of Akt signaling molecules. While further study on ChK is underway, we hypothesize a potential mycotoxin for prevention and treatment of ovarian cancers. Citation Format: Yi C. Chen, Haitao Luo, Zachary Douglas, Shannon Stewart, Zhaoliang Li. Chaetoglobosin K inhibits VEGF expression in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 523. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-523
Medical Education and Patient Care
Authors: Robert H. Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE tremendous increase in medical knowledge and in the funds available for medical education, research and patient care necessitates major changes for optimal performances in these spheres. Two problems in particular that must be faced are the need for a decided increase in specialization and the day when essentially all patients are pay patients, probably in less than ten years. These factors greatly influence the duties, number and types of faculty members required and the manner in which patients are to be managed, especially in conjunction with teaching and research programs.Staff PatternsThere is a pronounced tendency for basic . . .
Tyler's Honest Herbal: A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related Remedies
Authors: Philippe O. Szapary
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 June 2000Tyler's Honest Herbal: A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related RemediesPhilippe O. Szapary, MDPhilippe O. Szapary, MDHospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Szapary)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-12-200006200-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail 4th edition. Foster S, Tyler VE, eds. 442 pages. Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Pr; 1999. $49.95. ISBN 0789008750. Order phone 800-429-6784.Reviewer: Philippe O. Szapary, MD, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Szapary) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 June 2000Volume 132, Issue 12Page: 1012KeywordsSoftware tools ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 20 June 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Differential sensitivities of the NCX1.1 and NCX1.3 isoforms of the Na+–Ca2+ exchanger to α-linolenic acid
Authors: B ANDER, C HURTADO, C RAPOSO, T MADDAFORD, J DENISET, L HRYSHKO, G PIERCE, A LUKAS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective: Dietary intake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) like α-linolenic acid (ALA) is antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective. PUFA may also be beneficial in hypertension. Altered Na+–Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) activity has been implicated in arrhythmias, hypertension and heart failure and may be a target for PUFA. Thus, we tested the effects of ALA and other distinct fatty acids on the cardiac (NCX1.1) and vascular (NCX1.3) NCX isoforms.
Integration Patterns of Cryopreserved Amniotic Membranes into the Human Cornea
Authors: Miklós D. Resch, Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt, Carmen Hofmann-Rummelt, Renate Sauer, Friedrich E. Kruse, Matthias W. Beckmann, Berthold Seitz
Journal: Ophthalmology (2006)
RESULTS OF FOUR YEARS ACTIVE THERAPY FOR CHRONIC MENTAL PATIENTS AND THE VALUE OF AN INDIVIDUAL MAINTENANCE DOSE OF ECT
Authors: GUNTHER E. WOLFF
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

This paper reports: a. The results of 4 years active therapy on custodial wards with geriatric female patients. b. The benefit and limitation of tranquillizing drugs. c. The value of ECT as "surgery" in psychiatry. d. The importance of establishing a maintenance dose of ECT for each individual patient.
THU0315 Increasing Proportion of Concomitant Fibromyalgia in Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort Corresponds to Growing Arthritis Activity Assessed by Composite Indices
Authors: J. Toms, T. Soukup, M. Tosovsky, P. Bradna, Z. Hrncir
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia (FM) is well described as a concomitant syndrome that can frequently accompany connective tissue diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this epoch of modern biologic therapy and RA tight control effort it is essential to count various factors that can impact RA activity or modulate activity assessment. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare proportional representation of FM in RA patients cohort according to increasing arthritis activity assessed by composite indices in a regional, monocentric, cross-sectional study. <h3>Methods</h3> Examination of 120 consecutive patients (pts) with RA was performed in the terciary outpatient rheumatology department. Diagnosis of concomitant FM was established according to ACR criteria (1990). Standard Manual Tender Point Survey was used for the examination of FM tender points. The following data were recorded: demographic data, tender point count (TPC), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnarie (FIQ) score and RA activity composite indices (DAS-28, CDAI, SDAI). Short Form 36 items (SF-36) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were used for evaluation of quality of life (QOL) and functional disability, respectively. Statistical analysis was based on Student9s t-test or Fisher exact test (statistical significance level 0.05). <h3>Results</h3> Concomitant FM was diagnosed in 25 (20.8%) pts with RA, 4 men and 21 women. Comparing RA without FM (RAF-) and with FM (RAF+), there were no significant differencies in sociodemographic characteristics, laboratory inflammatory markers, RF and ACPA seropositivity. RAF+ pts in comparison to RAF- pts reached significantly higher scores of RA activity (DAS-28 5.35±1.1 vs. 3.67±1.4, p&lt;0.0001) and disability level (HAQ 1.83±0.64 vs. 0.87±0.76, p&lt;0.0001). Analysing RA subgroups on the basis of rising disease activity we found increasing proportion of RAF+ pts in the subgroup with higher activity (DAS-28 &lt;3.1 – 2.7% RAF+ pts; DAS-28 3.2-5.1 – 13.5%; DAS-28 &gt;5.1 – 54.8%, p&lt;0.0001). Similar results were found using other composite indices CDAI and SDAI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Concomitant fibromyalgia appears frequently in RA pts and has significant impact on the disease activity assessment and disability level because of altered pain perception. Patients with high disease activity measured by widely used composite indices are usually indicated for more intensive immunosuppressive or biologic therapy. But in this case it is necessary to realize this group contains higher portion of FM pts resulting in risk of wrong therapy reinforcement. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5942
Belittlement and harassment of medical students: Is a source of medical education
Authors: Golnar Aref-Adib
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—From the moment a medical student wanders out of the cosy lecture theatre and is unleashed into the hospital, the habitual embarrassment begins. Where would we be without the terrifying words “Student doctors? Don't all look down; why don't you report the x ray?” or “Surgical sieve? Ring any bells?”

The …
Abstract 4422: 2-AAPA: A novel anticancer agent that induces microtubule depolymerization and apoptosis
Authors: Wei Chen, Teresa Seefeldt, Alan Young, Xiaoying Zhang, John Ruffolo, Radhey Kaushik, Xiangming Guan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract This study was aimed to investigate the anticancer activities and the mechanism of the anticancer activities of a novel anticancer agent - 2-acetylamino-3-[4-(2-acetylamino-2-carboxyethylsulfanylthiocarbonylamino)phenylthiocarbamoylsulfanyl]propionic acid (2-AAPA). 2-AAPA was found to inhibit various human cancer cell lines with a narrow range of IC50 values (28-75 μM). These cell lines include lung (NCI-H226), prostate (PC-3), breast (MCF-7), skin (A431), melanoma (UACC-62 and SK-MEL-2), and renal (UO-31) cancers, as well as human ovarian cancers (OVCAR-3 and NCI/ADR-RES) which are resistant toward doxorubicin. Flow cytometric studies revealed that 2-AAPA induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and produced significant cell apoptosis in UACC-62 cells. Through immunofluorescence studies, 2-AAPA was found to depolymerize microtubules and cause cell morphological change. An HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) assay demonstrated that proteins were glutathionylated in both OVCAR-3 and UACC-62 cells when treated with 2-AAPA. A Western blot analysis also showed that a band corresponding to the molecular weight of tubulins was significantly glutathionylated in cell lysate obtained from UACC-62 cells treated with 2-AAPA. Considering the rich thiol content of tubulin proteins and the nature of protein glutathionylation, it is likely that microtubule function might be affected through microtubule glutathionylation resulting in cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Immunoprecipitation is being employed to confirm that tubulins are glutathionylated in cells treated with 2-AAPA. Together, our findings could lead to an antimitotic agent with a novel mechanism which is different than those of current antimitotic drugs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4422.
Timing of eplerenone initiation and outcomes in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular systolic dysfunction: insights from the EPHESUS trial†
Authors: Chris Adamopoulos, Ali Ahmed, Renaud Fay, Michael Angioi, Gerasimos Filippatos, John Vincent, Bertram Pitt, Faiez Zannad
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2009)
Fast track referral for cancer
Authors: Moyez Jiwa, Christobel Saunders
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Most patients with cancer who are not diagnosed by screening will be diagnosed after symptoms develop, so timely referral of patients to specialists is essential.In this week's BMJ Potter and colleagues assess the long term impact of the "two week wait" rule in the United Kingdom for breast cancer on referral patterns, diagnoses of cancer, and waiting times. 1 Their study found that the diagnosis of cancer in people referred within two weeks significantly decreased in the period 1999-2005 (12.8% v 7.7%, P<0.001) and diagnoses in people referred through the routine route increased (2.5% v 5.3%, P<0.001).The study suggests that the current cancer referral policy in the UK-whereby patients with a given set of symptoms are seen within two weeks-results in more patients who have cancer being seen on routine waiting lists than on the fast track list.This means diagnosis is delayed even further.Why is this so, and how can it be rectified?In formulating such rules, it is important to remember that waiting times for urgent appointments are only a surrogate end point.The main aim is to improve cancer survival, improve psychosocial outcomes for people with cancer and those who turn out not to have cancer, and to improve the general practitioner's ability to diagnose cancer.This rule seems not to have led to any of these outcomes, although it has perhaps increased the proportion of patients with benign pathology referred for urgent specialist appointments.
S35 MIF-CXCR4 as a novel axis for mesenchymal stem cells recruitment to tumours in vivo
Authors: S Lourenco
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3></h3> Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are inherently tumour-homing, immunosuppressive and can be isolated, cultured, expanded, and transduced, making them viable candidates for cell therapy. MSCs can also be useful in allogeneic transplantation because of their immunocompatibility. MSCs have the capacity to home specifically to tumours including gliomas and breast, colon, ovarian, and lung carcinomas, among many other primary and metastatic tumours. Some discrepancies are however present regarding the mechanism and the involvement of molecules/receptors in MSC homing to tumours. We have used in this study a combination of genome expression profiling and cytokine arrays to screen for candidates mediating MSC homing to two different cancer cell lines: A549 and MDAMB231. We found a variety of interleukines and cytokines already described as players in the process, such as IL6, IL8, CCL2. Additionally, from <i>in vitro</i> migration and invasion assays, we show that CXCR4 is a major player in this mechanism being the essential MSC receptor for the process to occur. Furthermore, we have identified MIF as the major trigger for MSC homing, being secreted from tumour cells at high levels. For the first time, we have identified in this study a novel axis: MIF-CXCR4, showing a physical interaction between them and validating their essential role <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Importantly, knocking down the expression of CXCR4 in MSCs or MIF in tumour cells, drastically decreased MSC recruitment to tumours in a <i>in vivo</i> model of lung metastasis. A better understanding of MSC homing players towards tumours will help the development of novel strategies in their use as vehicles in cancer cell therapy.
Hyaluronan (HA) fragments induce chemokine gene expression in alveolar macrophages. The role of HA size and CD44.
Authors: C M McKee, M B Penno, M Cowman, M D Burdick, R M Strieter, C Bao, P W Noble
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan constituent of extracellular matrix. In its native form HA exists as a high molecular weight polymer, but during inflammation lower molecular weight fragments accumulate. We have identified a collection of inflammatory genes induced in macrophages by HA fragments but not by high molecular weight HA. These include several members of the chemokine gene family: macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta, cytokine responsive gene-2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted. HA fragments as small as hexamers are capable of inducing expression of these genes in a mouse alveolar macrophage cell line, and monoclonal antibody to the HA receptor CD44 completely blocks binding of fluorescein-labeled HA to these cells and significantly inhibits HA-induced gene expression. We also investigated the ability of HA fragments to induce chemokine gene expression in human alveolar macrophages from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and found that interleukin-8 mRNA is markedly induced. These data support the hypothesis that HA fragments generated during inflammation induce the expression of macrophage genes which are important in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory response.
ENTRANCE CONDITIONS IN MEDICAL SCHOOLS
Authors: HARLEY E. FRENCH
Journal: JAMA (1918)

This brief paper can claim no merit as being entertaining; unfortunately it is unable to present a great deal of definite data; it is intended to present a point of view, and to elicit discussion and the necessary data from which to draw a conclusion. Permit me to say in starting that I am in entire sympathy with the new ideal standard for medical entrance advocated by the Council on Medical Education of the American Medical Association — the two year college standard with certain required courses. Since its inception in 1905, the University of North Dakota School of Medicine has had requirements for admission somewhat higher than high school graduation. For ten years, or since 1907, it has been on the two year premedical college basis, with a course laid out for premedical students essentially the same as that outlined by the Special Committee of the Council on Medical
Peer Review Involving Nonmembers Of Medical Societies
Authors: Robert Katz
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  The value of peer review is recognized by the majority of physicians and the need for such review has been proved on many occasions. Peer review is organized medicine's attempt to maintain quality medical care at reasonable cost in a respective geographic area.  Of the large number of physicians who readily identify with their professional organization, hardly any present problems to a peer review committee. In many instances, however, the physician involved may be a nonmember or be affiliated with the county society where he resides rather than the one where his office is located. On occasions, considerable reluctance is exhibited by county societies to review cases involving physicians who do not maintain membership in their society. It is deemed proper and necessary, therefore, to stress several aspects of peer review to those county societies, so that they may fulfill the obligations of our profession to the
Sydney's asthma witch hunt
Authors: S. Chapman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Sydney has long suffered a reputation as an otherwise beautiful city blighted by an almost permanent pall of brown haze. With an appalling public transport system servicing a vast city with low housing density, car travel has always been the norm. Civic, commercial, and tourism interests are concerned that the haze should not tarnish the city's reputation when it hosts the Olympic games in 2000. Thus the National Roads and Motorists Association, supported by several major companies and government departments, has embarked on a five year publicity campaign seeking to “clear the air” via strategies such as telecommuting and car pooling.

Public health groups have been drawn into the debate because health provides an imperative to match the aesthetic objections to smog. There is an indomitable assumption that the haze must …
Braccio da Gamba
Authors: Elias Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —A variety of injuries may complicate the professional pursuit of music making.<sup>1,2</sup>Amateur musicians are not immune from medical complications of their avocation. The growing early-music movement has won many devotees, and numerous workshops now offer an opportunity for amateurs to work intensively for a week or longer in pursuit of their art. The following case history provides an example of the medical complications that may ensue from this involvement. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —A 54-year-old physician, devoted to the recreation of Renaissance and baroque music on the viola da gamba for more than a decade, attended an early music workshop for a week. His complete immersion in the workshop resulted in playing and practicing for 6 to 8 hours a day for 7 days, rather than his customary 2 hours a week. A feeling of strain in the muscles in the left forearm became apparent