tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of effects of calcium carbasalate and aspirin on gastroduodenal mucosal damage in human volunteers.
Authors: F E Murray, N Hudson, J C Atherton, A T Cole, F Scheck, C J Hawkey
Journal: Gut (1996)

Calcium carbasalate is a therapeutically active salicylate which seems to cause less gastroduodenal mucosal damage than aspirin in laboratory animals. This endoscopist-blinded, randomised, cross over trial aimed to compare acute gastric mucosal damage in 20 healthy volunteers treated with acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) (650 mg three times daily) and effervescent calcium carbasalate (ECC) (826.8 mg three times daily) bioequivalent to 650 mg ASA over a five day period. Endoscopy was performed immediately before treatment and on day 5 of each treatment. Serum salicylate, thromboxane B2, and gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations were measured after endoscopy. ECC caused fewer gastric mucosal erosions than ASA. The total number of gastric erosions was 23.8 (16.1) in the ASA treated subjects compared with 9.1 (8.7) in ECC treated subjects (p = 0.004). Differences between ASA and ECC were significant for both the gastric antrum and body, and for both haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic erosions. The mean gastric body Lanza score for mucosal damage was lower after ECC than ASA (p = 0.003). The visual analogue score for gastric body damage was lower for ECC (16.9 mm (15.9)) than for ASA (32.7 mm (20.8)), p = 0.008. Serum salicylate concentrations were similar after both preparations (ASA: 66 (23) mg/l, versus ECC: 58 (17) mg/l, NS). Serum thromboxane B2 was similarly reduced using both preparations-97.2 (3.5)% inhibition with ASA, 95.2 (5.5)% inhibition with calcium carbasalate (NS). Suppression of gastric mucosal PGE2 synthesis was similar with both preparations (ASA: 83.4 (17.1)%; ECC 84.3 (12.9)%; NS). It is concluded that ECC causes significantly less gastroduodenal mucosal damage than ASA administered at bioequivalent doses as judged by serum salicylate, serum thromboxane, and mucosal PGE2 values. ECC may therefore be a less harmful alternative treatment to plain ASA.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Real World: When Will the Guidelines Get the Message?
Authors: Arthur B. Sanders, Gordon A. Ewy
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effect of Iron Stores on Ferrokinetics in Polycythemia.
Authors: Lawrence D. Ellis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The Effect of Iron Stores on Ferrokinetics in Polycythemia.Lawrence D. Ellis, M.D., Maxwell P. Westerman, M.D., Stanley P. Balcerzak, M.D.Lawrence D. Ellis, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Maxwell P. Westerman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Stanley P. Balcerzak, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1041_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFerrokinetics have been used to differentiate primary, secondary, and relative polycythemias. Since the differences in ferrokinetics might be explained by the consistently depleted iron stores in untreated polycythemia vera in contrast to the normal or increased quantities in uncomplicated secondary polycythemia, the relationship of iron stores to ferrokinetic patterns in polycythemia was studied.Iron studies were performed on 13 patients with typical primary and secondary polycythemia in whom storage iron had been assessed. If iron stores were depleted, sufficient parenteral iron was given to replete the stores, and the studies were repeated.In eight polycythemia vera patients, absent marrow iron... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1041-1041KeywordsBone marrowPolycythemiaPolycythemia vera Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Lack of the architectural factor HMGA1 causes insulin resistance and diabetes in humans and mice
Authors: Daniela Foti, Eusebio Chiefari, Monica Fedele, Rodolfo Iuliano, Leonardo Brunetti, Francesco Paonessa, Guidalberto Manfioletti, Fabrizio Barbetti, Arturo Brunetti, Carlo M Croce, Alfredo Fusco, Antonio Brunetti
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Kartagener's Syndrome With Normal Spermatozoa
Authors: Isaac Samuel
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Kartagener's syndrome (chronic sinopulmonary symptoms and situs inversus) was shown to be a part of the immotile-cilia syndrome (chronic sinopulmonary symptoms and male sterility) when Afzelius and coworkers demonstrated that males with the immotile-cilia syndrome had immotile (or dysmotile) respiratory cilia and spermatozoa and that 50% of cases of the immotile-cilia syndrome had situs inversus. 1,2 The immotility is attributed to an ultrastructural defect of the respiratory cilium and sperm tail. 1 The inheritance is autosomal recessive. Absence of frontal sinuses is a recognized association. 2   This is to my knowledge the second report of a case of Kartagener's syndrome with normal spermatozoa. The patient had chronic sinopulmonary symptoms, situs inversus, and absent frontal sinuses, while his spermatozoa had normal motility, ultrastructure, and fertilizing capacity. Thus, the entity can be regarded as a new subgroup of the immotile-cilia syndrome.  Report of a Case.—  A bachelor, aged 26
Dependency on the rate of change in PaO2 of the ventilatory response to progressive hypoxia.
Authors: T Igarashi, M Nishimura, S Kobayashi, K Miyamoto, Y Kawakami
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

The biphasic nature of the ventilatory response to sustained hypoxia (< 1 h) is thought to occur as a result of combined effects of stimulation and depression with hypoxia. If the depressant effect of hypoxia on ventilation occurs later than the stimulatory effect, the magnitude of the ventilatory response to progressive hypoxia may be different according to the time required for a given fall in PaO2 during the test. In this study, we measured, in 10 healthy adult volunteers, ventilatory responses to isocapnic progressive hypoxia (HVR) using three different protocols (4 min, 6 min, and 15 min for SaO2 to decrease from the baseline to 80%) with or without pretreatment using theophylline (300 mg twice a day), an adenosine receptor antagonist, in a 2-d, single-blind crossover design. The slope values of HVR with the placebo were 0.31 +/- 0.04 (SE) (L/min/% fall of SaO2) in the 4-min protocol, 0.26 +/- 0.04 in the 6-min protocol, and 0.18 +/- 0.04 in the 15-min protocol. The HVR for the 15-min protocol was significantly lower than that for the 4-min or 6-min protocol. The HVR with theophylline was 0.46 +/- 0.08 for the 4-min protocol, 0.54 +/- 0.09 for the 6-min protocol, and 0.66 +/- 0.11 for the 15-min protocol, among which there were no significant differences. The dependency of HVR on the rate of change in PaO2, that was seen with a placebo run, disappeared after pretreatment with theophylline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Changes in Bone Density With Lactation
Authors: MaryFran Sowers
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To test the a priori hypotheses that significant bone loss occurs in lactation of greater than 5 months' duration and that bone mass returns to baseline levels when breast-feeding ceases.Prospective cohort study design of 12 months' duration.General community setting with recruitment occurring at birthing education classes.Volunteer sample of 98 healthy women of white (n = 95) and Asian (n = 3) origin, aged 20 to 40 years, and 0 to 1 parity prior to parturition, grouped according to lactation duration: 0 through 1, 2 through 5, and 6 or more months.Bone mineral density (BMD) of the proximal femur was measured by dual-energy x-ray densitometry at 2 weeks (baseline), 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, and 12 months following parturition, and BMD of the lumbar spine was measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months after parturition.Women with lactation duration of 6 months or longer had mean BMD losses of 5.1% and 4.8% at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, respectively, comparing baseline values with those at 6 months post partum. Women who breast-fed 0 through 1 month lost no BMD at either bone site. Bone loss in women who breast-fed 6 months or longer was not explained by differences in age, diet, body size, or physical activity. Among women who breast-fed 6 months or longer, there was evidence of return to baseline levels of the lumbar spine at 12 months after parturition. The BMD of the lumbar spine of those women who continued to breast-feed more than 9 months had increased but was still significantly lower than baseline.Extended lactation (> or = 70% of energy intake is provided for > or = 6 months) is associated with bone loss; however, there is evidence of return to baseline BMD measurement at 12 months after parturition.
APOL1 associations with nephropathy, atherosclerosis, and all-cause mortality in African Americans with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Barry I. Freedman, Carl D. Langefeld, Lingyi Lu, Nicholette D. Palmer, S. Carrie Smith, Benjamin M. Bagwell, Pamela J. Hicks, Jianzhao Xu, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Laura M. Raffield, Thomas C. Register, J. Jeffrey Carr, Donald W. Bowden, Jasmin Divers
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Large-scale neocortical dynamic function and EEG: Use of theory and methods in clinical research on children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Michael Murias, James M. Swanson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

We used Nunez's physiologically based dynamic theory of EEG to make predictions about a clinical population of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) known to have neuronanatomical abnormalities. Analysis of high-density EEG data (long-range coherence) showed expected age-related differences and surprising regional specificity that is consistent with some of the literature in this clinical area.
Rapid Assessment of Platelet Function With a Modified Whole-Blood Aggregometer in Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Patients Receiving Anti-GP IIb/IIIa Therapy
Authors: Mary A. Mascelli, Seth Worley, Nicholas J. Veriabo, Ellen T. Lance, Sabina Mack, Tom Schaible, Harlan F. Weisman, Robert E. Jordan
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist abciximab (c7E3 Fab, ReoPro) is approved for use in high-risk percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). At present, no “point of care” exists for measuring pharmacological GP IIb/IIIa blockade. To address this need, the Chrono-log Whole Blood Aggregometer, which measures platelet aggregation by electrical impedance, was adapted to test platelet function at the bedside. Methods and Results GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade, impedance (5 μg/mL collagen), and turbidimetric aggregation (5 and 20 μmol/L ADP) measurements were obtained on 14 PTCA patients who received the standard bolus plus a 12-hour infusion of abciximab. During abciximab administration, mean GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade was &gt;91%, and both impedance and turbidimetric aggregation were inhibited by ≥90%. At 12 hours after abciximab treatment, the mean inhibition of turbidimetric platelet aggregation to 5 and 20 μmol/L ADP was 65±20% and 49±14%, respectively, and inhibition of impedance aggregation was 69±12%. GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade was 67±8%. At 36 hours after abciximab treatment (n=8), the mean inhibition of turbidimetric platelet aggregation to 5 and 20 μmol/L ADP was 44±21% and 30±14%, respectively, whereas impedance aggregation was inhibited by 60±14%. GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade was 57±7%. Conclusions During and at 12 hours after abciximab therapy, impedance and turbidimetric platelet aggregation to 5 μmol/L ADP were comparable and closely correlated with GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade. However, at 36 hours after abciximab treatment, impedance platelet aggregation more closely paralleled GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockade and indicated a slower recovery of platelet function than turbidimetric aggregometry.
Physiologic Differentiation of Pulmonic Stenosis with and without an Intact Ventricular Septum
Authors: J. I. E. HOFFMAN, ABRAHAM M. RUDOLPH, ALEXANDER S. NADAS, MILTON H. PAUL
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Since May 1957 cardiac catheterization has been carried out in 46 patients with pulmonic stenosis and an intact ventricular septum (pulmonic stenosis) and 42 patients with pulmonic stenosis and a right-to-left shunt through a septal defect (tetralogy of Fallot). Right atrial pressures were usually higher in pulmonic stenosis. Average pulmonary arterial and left atrial mean pressures were similar in the 2 groups, as were the pulmonary blood flows. Although significant differences between right ventricular and systemic arterial systolic pressures may be demonstrated in tetralogy of Fallot, simultaneous right ventricular and left ventricular or aortic systolic pressures were always within a few mm. Hg of each other. The postectopic right ventricular systolic pressure was always at least 10 mm. Hg above its previous level in pulmonic stenosis, whereas in tetralogy of Fallot it almost never exceeded its previous level by more than 10 mm. Hg. All patients with tetralogy of Fallot had flat-topped right ventricular pressure curves, whereas 31 of 46 patients with pulmonic stenosis had triangular right ventricular pressure curves. The phonocardiogram was found to be among the most useful tools in differentiating the 2 groups. Auscultatory phenomena of severe pulmonic stenosis with a widely split second heart sound, late crescendic diamond-shaped systolic murmur, and persistence of this murmur beyond the sound of aortic closure differed strongly from tetralogy of Fallot of equal severity. At cardiac catheterization proof of the presence of a ventricular septal defect may be gained by passing the catheter through it. If this is not done, the presence of a ventricular septal defect may be strongly inferred if the right ventricular pressure curve has almost parallel sides and a flat or rounded top, if the right ventricular systolic pressure is near that in the systemic circulation, and if it does not rise after ectopic beats more than 10 mm. Hg above its previous level. For greater certainty in diagnosis indicator-dilution curves or angiocardiography should be done. The accurate preoperative diagnosis of the presence or absence of a ventricular septal defect is extremely important, for at open-heart operation it is essential not to miss the ventricular septal defect after completely relieving the obstruction to right ventricular outflow; it is just as important not to do unnecessary right ventriculotomies.
Psychosomatic Aspects of Skin Diseases from the Standpoint of Immunology
Authors: H. Teshima, C. Kubo, H. Kihara, Y. Imada, S. Nagata, Y. Ago, Y. Ikemi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

The psychosomatic aspects of skin disease were studied both clinically and experimentally, from the standpoint of immunology. We found that emotional stress has a great influence on the immune system, as was manifested in skin disease. Skin test in allergic patients significantly improved with autogenic training and relaxation. For clarification of the effects of autogenic training and relaxation, various parameters were simultaneously assessed during the treatment. The serum levels of histamine and dopamine-Β-hydroxylase fluctuated, as determined by the microvibration test. The levels of IgE and findings on the PK test varied only slightly. Before the onset of urticaria, there were changes in the life-style and considerable stress in daily life as well as exposure to an allergen. Using mice subjected to stress, the functions of T cells and macrophages were evaluated. Stress appeared to have a definite influence on the functions of these cells, as related to the important role of the immune system and skin. Thus, the role of stress in clinical disease must always be given consideration.
Fertilisation authority to review "egg giving"
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Britain's Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority is to review the practice of “egg giving”—whereby a woman seeking in vitro fertilisation firstly goes through one cycle of treatment in which her eggs are harvested and donated to another patient before going on to have another cycle of treatment for herself at a reduced cost.

   ![][1] 

Light micrograph of human egg cell, with pipette used in preparation for in vitro fertilisation

Credit: PASCAL GOETGHELUCK/SPL

But the man who first introduced the idea of egg giving, Professor Ian Craft, has said that the authority …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Fatal Hemorrhage During Tracheotomy
Authors: Richard D. Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Deaths from tracheotomy performed with the Shelden tracheotome are of great significance in view of the anticipated wide use of the instrument in mass casualties. The original instrument described by Shelden and others 1a consisted of four parts, but this has since been altered to include only three. Shelden and others 1 have reported using the tracheotome innumerable times since December, 1953, without morbidity, complications, or unfavorable sequelae. It was their belief that this instrument could be used by any physician, and that it could easily be used by trained hospital corpsmen in the Armed Forces. Crue 2 believed that corpsmen on independent duty could also be instructed in its use. Only one fatality with the use of the Shelden tracheotome has previously been reported in the literature. The present report adds a second fatality, but death occurred from a different cause.  A 47-year-old man first exhibited symptoms of amyotrophic
Abstract 299: Blockade of Rictor impairs mTORC1 inhibitor-induced upregulation of IGF-IR and Her2 expression in human gastrointestinal cancer cells
Authors: Sven Arke Lang, Christian Moser, Christina Hackl, Stefan Fichtner-Feigl, Hans J. Schlitt, Edward K. Geissler, Oliver Stoeltzing
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Inhibition of mTOR signaling has recently gained increasing interest for therapy of human gastrointestinal cancer. However, treatment with mTOR inhibitors such as rapamycin only blocks mTORC1 (Raptor, mTOR, mLST8) whereas mTORC2 (Rictor, mTOR, mLST8) is not affected in most cancer cells. This might lead to activation of signaling intermediates such as Akt in mTORC2 dependant manner which has been implicated in resistance to anti-neoplastic therapy. Hence, we hypothesized that inhibition of mTORC2 by Rictor blockade might prevent induction of signaling pathways and improve anti-cancer effects of mTOR inhibitors. Human gastrointestinal cancer cells (TMK-1, HPAF-II) were used for the experiments. mTOR inhibition was performed with rapamycin (Wyeth Phama) and mTORC2 blockade was achieved by siRNA (Invitrogen) against Rictor. Effects on signaling intermediates and receptor expression were determined by Western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. The results show that mTOR inhibition with rapamycin leads to phosphorylation of Akt on both phosphorylation sites in human cancer cells. mTORC2 blockade by siRNA disrupts activation of Akt as shown by diminished phosphorylation on Thr308. Surprisingly, mTOR blockade with rapamycin showed up-regulation of total IGF-IR and Her2 expression in tumor cells on mRNA and protein level. This effect was reversible by mTORC2 blockade with Rictor siRNA or direct inhibition of Akt signaling using Ly290004. Together, our results show that inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin leads to up-regulation of IGF-IR and Her2 expression in cancer cells in Akt/mTORC2 dependant manner. Blockade of Rictor can prevent these effects providing a basis for combined anti-cancer therapy strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 299.
E. WERTHEIM'S NEW METHOD OF RESTORING RETRODEVIATIONS OF THE UTERUS THROUGH THE VAGINA.
Authors: A. J. HOSMER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The operation consists in shortening the round ligament through the vagina. The technic of the operation in uncomplicated cases is as follows: After the necessary antiseptic precautions, the patient is placed in the exaggerated lithotomy position. (A curettement is performed, when indicated.) The limbs are supported, retractors used, and the cervix uteri is seized with bullet forceps and drawn down, as in vaginal hysterectomy. With a scalpel, a transverse incision about one and one-half inches long is made at the anterior utero-vaginal junction, down to the uterus. Now with the index finger or with blunt pointed scissors, the uterus is separated from the bladder. The vesico-uterine space (anterior cul-de-sac), or rather the peritoneum lining it, is reached with ease. The peritoneum is seized with two anatomic forceps and opened between them with the scissors. The incision is then extended transversely about an inch each way. Now while still holding to