tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF SINGLE DOSE IRON INFUSION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: C J Grant, R A Scott, G Mortimore, A S Austin
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Total dose iron (TDI) infusion therapy has been utilised for several years in our hospital but has previously necessitated multiple admissions or an overnight stay. Shorter duration agents have been introduced to try to alleviate this significant cost burden. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> Having recently introduced a short duration TDI infusion (Monofer©) as first-line parental iron therapy in our hospital, we undertook an audit to examine its efficacy and safety. <h3>Method</h3> We audited the notes of those who had received short duration TDI since its introduction. TDI doses had been calculated by an experienced pharmacist from baseline haemoglobin (Hb), ideal body weight and target Hb according to SPC guidance. <h3>Results</h3> Efficacy Data 40 consecutive patients received a TDI between May 2012 and January 2013. Pre-infusion Hb was 9.50 [8.75–10.1] (median [IQR]). For the 25 patients who had an Hb taken at 3–5 weeks post infusion, Hb was 11.6 [10.6–12.1], significantly higher than prior to infusion (p&lt;0.001), with an increment of 1.8 [1.35–2.70]. <h3>Safety Data</h3> Of the 40 patients who received Monofer, 4 had adverse reactions within 5 minutes of commencement which led to discontinuation of the infusion (10%). 3 patients experienced an allergic-type reaction with facial swelling and dyspnoea. 1 patient experienced profuse vomiting and diarrhoea. No delayed reactions were observed. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Utilisation of Monofer in our clinical practice has shown a sub-optimal attainment of Hb target. Furthermore, the frequency of adverse reactions was much higher than expected from those reported in the product SPC or previous studies in renal patients. In light of these observations, we no longer use Monofer<sup>®</sup>.
CAT ITCH: CHEYLETIELLA AND NOTOEDRUS COMPARED.
Authors: J. H. TWISTON DAVIES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1941)

Journal Article CAT ITCH: CHEYLETIELLA AND NOTOEDRUS COMPARED. Get access J. H. TWISTON DAVIES J. H. TWISTON DAVIES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 53, Issue 1, 1 January 1941, Pages 18–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1941.tb10483.x Published: 01 January 1941
Gynecologic Oncologists Optimistic About Diagnosis, Therapy Gains From Reported Research
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

USING RETINOIC acid to boost the efficacy of chemotherapy, laparoscopic staging of ovarian cancer, a potential prognostic test for cervical cancer patients, and the ability of the controversial abortifacient mifepristone (also known as RU486) to inhibit ovarian cancer cell division were among the research topics recently presented at the 26th annual meeting of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists in San Francisco, Calif. While most of the reported work involved in vitro studies or preliminary clinical trials, the researchers are optimistic that their approaches may yield substantial advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic cancers. For example, one of the in vitro studies suggests that retinoic acid may greatly increase the efficacy of cisplatin and paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) against some types of ovarian cancers. Researchers at the University of Louisville (Ky) School of Medicine added retinoic acid to three common ovarian cell line cultures, OVCAR-3, UL-1, and
Laser-implant contact lens could be glucose monitor
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Before the 1980s are over, diabetic patients may be wearing a contact lens that keeps track of blood glucose levels and perhaps monitors other metabolites as well. That hope is offered by Oklahoma City researchers whose initial studies indicate that optical rotation by the aqueous humor can be measured noninvasively quickly and accurately enough to determine what has happened in the body only a few seconds before. Optical rotation by the aqueous humor reflects the glucose concentration in that fluid. In turn, the glucose concentration in aqueous humor is known to vary proportionately with levels in the blood. When optical rotation occurs, an optically active substance (glucose in this case) changes the plane of polarized light so that the light rotates in an arc. The length of the arc is proportional to the concentration of the substance. Wayne F. March, MD, University of Oklahoma Medical Center, told a Research to
Epigenetic identification of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 as a functional tumor suppressor and biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma and other digestive tumors
Authors: Jun Yu, Qian Tao, Kin F. Cheung, Hongchuan Jin, Fan Fong Poon, Xian Wang, Hongyu Li, Yuen Y. Cheng, Christoph Röcken, Matthias P. A. Ebert, Anthony T. C. Chan, Joseph J. Y. Sung
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

The ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a carboxyl-terminal ubiquitin hydrolase regulating cellular ubiquitin levels, recently suggested as a tumor suppressor. However, the role of UCHL1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not clear. We investigated the expression and DNA methylation of the UCHL1 in primary HCC, liver metastases from digestive carcinomas, and primary digestive cancers. UCHL1 is expressed in all normal tissues and immortalized normal epithelial cell lines, but was low or silenced in 77% (10/13) of HCC cell lines, which is well correlated with its promoter methylation status. Methylation was further detected in 44% (12/27) of HCCs, but less in metastatic tumors generated from colorectal and stomach in the liver (19%, 3/16; P < 0.05). Methylation was also detected in primary digestive tumors, including 71% (22/31) of colon, 77% (53/69) of gastric, and 40% (18/45) of esophageal carcinomas, but none or occasionally in paired adjacent nontumor tissues. Detailed methylation analysis of 49 CpG sites at a 540-bp promoter region by bisulfite genomic sequencing confirmed the methylation. UCHL1 silencing could be reversed by chemical or genetic demethylation of the promoter, indicating direct epigenetic silencing. Restoring UCHL1 expression in silenced cell lines significantly inhibited their growth and colony formation ability by inhibiting cell proliferation, causing cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis through the intrinsic caspase-dependent pathway. Moreover, UCHL1 directly interacts with p53 and stabilizes p53 through the ubiquitination pathway. Conclusion: Epigenetic inactivation of UCHL1 is common in primary HCCs and other digestive tumors. UCHL1 appears to be a functional tumor suppressor involved in the tumorigenesis of HCCs and other digestive cancers. (HEPATOLOGY 2008;48:508–518.)
Dietary Potassium and Hypertension: Epidemiologic Data
Authors: HERBERT G. LANGFORD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

The strong geographic and social class differences in blood pressure may be related to differences in potassium intake or in the ratio of sodium to potassium intake. "Low salt" populations also have high potassium intake. In Japanese villages, populations with similar salt intake but different blood pressures had different potassium intake. In one study, a significant correlation was found between urinary Na/K ratio and blood pressure. Another study showed a significant negative correlation between potassium excretion and blood pressure. Four studies are available that show that blacks excrete much less potassium than whites. One of these studies also showed, by analyzing duplicate meals, that blacks consumed much less potassium than whites. A high potassium diet tends to be more expensive than a low potassium diet. Potassium intake may be a major factor in the epidemiologic differences of hypertension.
A major allergen gene-fusion protein for potential usage in allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: Fatimah Kussebi, Fariba Karamloo, Claudio Rhyner, Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier, Maria Salagianni, Christian Mannhart, Mübeccel Akdis, Lyudmilla Soldatova, Zora Markovic-Housley, Barbara R. von Beust, Thomas Kündig, David M. Kemeny, Kurt Blaser, Reto Crameri, Cezmi A. Akdis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Thrombocytopenia associated with auranofin therapy: Evidence for a gold‐dependent immunologic mechanism
Authors: Michael P. Kosty, P. Kahler Hench, Patricia Tani, Robert McMillan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract Thrombocytopenia associated with gold therapy is thought to be due to an immunemediated mechanism. Relatively few patients have been studied so far, and precise details of the pathophysiology of this disease remain undetermined. We report a patient with gold‐induced thrombocytopenia resulting from auranofin therapy. The patient's plasma contained platelet‐reactive antibodies detectable only in the presence of gold salts. Antibody binding occurred at gold concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10,000 ng/ml. The binding occurred independently of gold salt used, suggesting that substitution of a different gold preparation in this patient would result in a similar thrombocytopenia. These data support a drug‐dependent immune mechanism for platelet destruction.
RADIOAUTOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION OF SULFUR-35 DISPOSITION IN THE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE AND BONE OF SUCKLING RATS FOLLOWING INJECTION OF LABELED SODIUM SULFATE
Authors: Dominic D. Dziewiatkowski
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1951)

The localization of sulfur-35 administered intraperitoneally as sodium sulfate to 7-day-old rats was determined by radioautography of sections of humeri and tibia-knee-femur combinations removed 24, 48, 96, 216, and 290 hours after injection of this isotope. Radioautography of sections of bone and cartilage that had been fixed in formalin indicated that the tracer isotope was present throughout the entire epiphysis. Its concentration therein was highest initially at the epiphyseal-diaphyseal junction where the more mature cartilage cells were present. By the 96th hour post injection the sulfur-35 had become more uniformly distributed in the epiphyses and an even distribution of it throughout the epiphyseal cartilage was almost attained by the 216th hour post injection. As centers of secondary ossification arose in the epiphyseal cartilage, the sulfur-35 appeared to diminish in concentration and disappear from these loci. However, radioautographs of cartilage fixed in formalin saturated with barium hydroxide, instead of in formalin only, disclosed the fact that the tracer isotope was still present in these loci. When bone and bone marrow were fixed in formalin the autographs indicated the presence of sulfur-35 primarily in the periosteum. Only a negligible amount appeared to be present in the bone shaft and marrow. However, when these tissues were fixed in formalin saturated with barium hydroxide it was possible to demonstrate the presence of the tracer isotope in both bone and bone marrow.
Appendicitis in the Himalayas
Authors: Ram Hari Ghimire
Journal: BMJ (2007)

In October 2006 a British echocardiographer, a senior house officer from Kathmandu, and myself were in Lobuje (4900 m above sea level), eight hours' walk below the Everest base camp in the foothills of the Himalayas. We were there to help with the “high altitude pulmonary edema prevention trial 2006.” 

One evening, when it was snowing outside and the dining hall of the teahouse was full of the trekkers on their way to or from Everest base camp and Kalapathar, we were busy tabulating our research data. The owner of …
A woman with acute myelopathy in pregnancy: case progression
Authors: R. Reuss, P. S Rommer, W. Bruck, F. Paul, M. Bolz, S. Jarius, T. Boettcher, A. Grossmann, A. Bock, F. Zipp, R. Benecke, U. K Zettl
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Last week ( BMJ 2009;339:b3862) we described the case of Andrea G, who presented with acute transverse myelitis extending over eight segments above T8 and associated with mild lymphogranulocytic cerebral spinal fluid pleocytosis. She had hypotonic paraparesis of the legs accentuated on the left side with increased reflexes. Her dissociated sensory deficit below T8 progressed to a global sensory deficit consistent with incomplete transverse spinal cord syndrome. Acute cord lesions can cause an initial hypotonic weakness with reflexes becoming accentuated later, as seen in this case, or being depressed.

We treated Mrs G with high dose intravenous …
Nifedipine for Hypertensive Emergencies-Reply
Authors: Ehud Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Not unexpectedly, our article on short-acting nifedipine for hypertensive emergencies has stirred some strong reactions to the notion that nifedipine capsules no longer have a place in the treatment of hypertension, on an emergency basis or not. Additional case reports documenting morbidity and mortality from the use of nifedipine capsules would bring fatalities to a total of 11. As Dr Meggs points out, we do not know the denominator of our study, but the numerator almost certainly is underestimated because of the reluctance of physicians to report strokes, MI, and death—adverse effects for which they can be held responsible. More important, however, the benefits of abruptly (as opposed to gradually) lowering arterial pressure, especially in patients in whom blood pressure probably has been elevated for hours if not for days, has never been documented. Given the complete lack of data attesting to benefits, any data, however imperfect, attesting to serious
Mechanism of Measles Virus–Induced Suppression of Inflammatory Immune Responses
Authors: Julien C Marie, Jeanne Kehren, Marie-Claude Trescol-Biémont, Alexey Evlashev, Hélène Valentin, Thierry Walzer, Rosine Tedone, Bruce Loveland, Jean-François Nicolas, Chantal Rabourdin-Combe, Branka Horvat
Journal: Immunity (2001)
Diagnostic Significance of Unusual Small Intestinal Pattern on Technetium-99m DISIDA Hepatobiliary Imaging Studies
Authors: BELUR S. CHANDRAMOULY, CRAIG K. BURGESS, REGINA M. VACCARO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

During the intestinal phase of hepatobiliary imaging studies in four patients, unusual small intestinal abnormalities were noted. These findings were correlated with surgery in three patients. Recognition of these patterns gives additional clinical information of significant diagnostic value. Further attention to small intestinal pattern and/or radionuclide evaluation of small intestine is a promising method of noninvasive evaluation of clinically suspected small intestinal infarction and obstruction.
Counting Generalist Physicians
Authors: David A. Kindig
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THERE HAS recently been renewed interest in the specialty balance in the US physician workforce, with many groups calling for increased production of generalist physicians. A number of factors are responsible for this, including declining medical student interest in generalist careers,<sup>1</sup>continued shortages in rural and inner-city areas,<sup>2,3</sup>increased demand from managed care organizations, cross-national experience,<sup>4</sup>as well as some evidence of cost savings from higher proportions of generalists.<sup>5,6</sup>The Council on Graduate Medical Education<sup>7</sup>has called for a reduction in first-year graduate medical education positions to 110% of US medical graduates with a 50:50 generalist-to-specialist mix, and the Physician Payment Review Commission<sup>8</sup>has also considered such changes. Similar recommendations have been proposed in the Clinton Health Security Act as well as independently in Congress. Such changes are significant and could be approached from a variety of educational, financial, and regulatory perspectives. In order
Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Belgian Retrospective Multicentre Survey
Authors: Peter Schatteman, Charles Chatzopoulos, Christophe Assenmacher, Luc De Visscher, Jean-Luc Jorion, Véronique Blaze, Ben Van Cleynenbreugel, Ignace Billiet, Hans Van der Eecken, Renaud Bollens, Alexandre Mottrie
Journal: European Urology (2006)
The turnover and transport of vitamin D and of a polar metabolite with the properties of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in human plasma
Authors: John Edgar Smith, DeWitt S. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Four normal men were injected intravenously with physiological doses (6 μg) of vitamin D3-1,2-3H. Serial samples of plasma were collected for 50 days. Total lipid extracts were chromatographed on silicic acid columns or thin-layer plates in order to characterize the radioactive components. Labeled vitamin D3 disappeared rapidly from plasma (initial half-life approximately 12 hr); after 7 days unchanged vitamin D3 represented less than 1% of circulating radioactivity. Coincident with vitamin D3 disappearance a more polar labeled metabolite appeared with chromatographic and other properties identical with those of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. The disappearance of the more polar metabolite was relatively slow with a half-life of 19.6 ±0.6 days. A similar half-life was seen in a fifth subject, injected with 80 μg of vitamin D3-3H. Most (approximately 92%) of the plasma total radioactivity was represented by this component throughout the study. Plasma samples collected at various times were adjusted to density (d) 1.21 and were ultracentrifuged to separate plasma lipoproteins from proteins with d > 1.21. In all samples, almost all (mean 94%) of the radioactivity was found in association with proteins of d > 1.21. This observation was confirmed by bioassay, measuring uptake of 45Ca by intestinal slices. All plasma bioassayable vitamin D was found in association with proteins of d > 1.21; 55% of bioactivity was found in the chromatographic fraction corresponding to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 44% in the fractions representing vitamin D3. Since both vitamin D3 and its 25-hydroxy metabolite are lipid-soluble sterol derivatives, the finding that these compounds do not circulate in association with the known plasma lipoproteins provides presumptive evidence for the existence of a specific transport protein of d > 1.21. The transport protein for the polar metabolite has been partly characterized by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. The protein has an apparent size slightly smaller than plasma albumin (approximate mol wt 50,000-60,000) and an electrophoretic mobility very slightly greater than that of albumin. Studies are in progress to fractionate further and to characterize the transport protein.
Choosing to become a general practitioner.
Authors: P Rhodes
Journal: BMJ (1983)

37of retropharyngeal abscess or bony destruction.Sputum was negative for acid-fast bacilli on microscopy and culture.The results of blood cultures were negative.No other organism was seen on microscopy or cultured from the fluid aspirated from the neck.Treatment with azathioprine was stopped and prednisolone was continued at a dose of 15 mg a day.Treatment with daily intramuscular streptomycin and oral rifampicin, isoniazid, and ethambutol was started.The swelling in the neck and the temperature gradually diminished over the first week in hospital.Two weeks after she was admitted to hospital a tablespoonful of pus was expressed from the neck; azathioprine 100 mg daily was reintroduced because of increasing joint stiffness.The patient was discharged receiving prednisolone, azathioprine, ethambutol, rifampicin, and isoniazid.Five months after admission she remained well, the neck swelling had settled, and her chest x-ray films showed improvement.
Sensitivity of MLL-rearranged AML cells to all-trans retinoic acid is associated with the level of H3K4me2 in the RARα promoter region
Authors: K Sakamoto, T Imamura, M Yano, H Yoshida, A Fujiki, Y Hirashima, H Hosoi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is well established as differentiation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in which the PML–RARα (promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α) fusion protein causes blockade of the retinoic acid (RA) pathway; however, in types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) other than APL, the mechanism of RA pathway inactivation is not fully understood. This study revealed the potential mechanism of high ATRA sensitivity of mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-AF9-positive AML compared with MLL-AF4/5q31-positive AML. Treatment with ATRA induced significant myeloid differentiation accompanied by upregulation of RARα, C/EBPα, C/EBPɛ and PU.1 in MLL-AF9-positive but not in MLL-AF4/5q31-positive cells. Combining ATRA with cytarabine had a synergistic antileukemic effect in MLL-AF9-positive cells in vitro. The level of dimethyl histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me2) in the RARα gene-promoter region, PU.1 upstream regulatory region (URE) and RUNX1+24/+25 intronic enhancer was higher in MLL-AF9-positive cells than in MLL-AF4-positive cells, and inhibiting lysine-specific demethylase 1, which acts as a histone demethylase inhibitor, reactivated ATRA sensitivity in MLL-AF4-positive cells. These findings suggest that the level of H3K4me2 in the RARα gene-promoter region, PU.1 URE and RUNX1 intronic enhancer is determined by the MLL-fusion partner. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of ATRA sensitivity in AML and novel treatment strategies for ATRA-resistant AML.
Cost of urology: financial audit in a clinical department.
Authors: P. M. Cuckow
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To cost a clinical unit over one month in 1991, to cost treatment of individual patients from audit data, and to compare this costing method with the hospital charging system. DESIGN--A financial breakdown was obtained for one month9s work. Ward stay, operating time, investigations, and outpatient visits were costed and a formula (episode = days on ward+hours of operating+investigations+outpatient visits) was used to cost patient episodes from audit data. SETTING--The adult urology unit in a teaching hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Costs for each part of patients9 treatment. RESULTS--Total cost was 147,796 pounds for 159 admissions, 738 inpatient days, 131 operations in 29 operating lists, and 615 outpatient visits. An uncomplicated transurethral prostatectomy cost 1140 pounds but complications increased this to 1500 pounds in another patient. The costs of diagnostic cystoscopy were 130 pounds in outpatients, 240 pounds in day surgery, and 430 pounds in inpatients. Hospital charges do not reflect the individual costs of treatment, charges being greater than costs for some patients and lower than costs for others. CONCLUSIONS--Clinicians can produce a financial analysis of their work and cost their patients9 treatment. Audit is strongly advocated as a resource planning tool.
Rapid improvement of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with vincristine and plasmapheresis
Authors: Jeanna L. Welborn, Pam Emrick, Maxine Acevedo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Many patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) fail to respond to daily plasmapheresis and the results of alternative treatments have been inconsistent. Vincristine was given weekly with continued plasmapheresis to eight patients who were refractory to plasmapheresis, antiplatelet agents, and/or corticosteroids. A rapid response to the vincristine occurred in all eight patients in 5 days with a marked rise in the platelet count and resolution of symptoms. The results in these patients suggest that early initiation of vincristine therapy in conjunction with plasmapheresis is useful in TTP.
A further case of chronic ulcerative enteritis
Authors: B. K. Armstrong, R. K. Ammon, L. R. Finlay-Jones, R. A. Joske, A. B. Vivian
Journal: Gut (1973)

A further case of chronic ulcerative enteritis is presented. In this case there was clear evidence that the ulcerative process was superimposed upon atrophic jejunitis with malabsorption. The development of ulceration produced a picture of small bowel obstruction and its differential diagnosis from neoplasm was not possible without laparotomy.