tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM VIRULENT AND ATTENUATED POLIOVIRUS
Authors: Paul Gerber, Ruth Kirschstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1960)

Concentrates of type I poliovirus were extracted with phenol by Gierer and Schramm's method. The infectivity of these extracts in tissue culture and mice appeared to be associated with viral RNA. Studies on neurovirulence based on the "t" marker and intraspinal pathogenicity in mice demonstrated that the viral progeny of RNA isolated from virulent viruses had the "t(+)" character and were highly neurotropic for mice. Conversely, RNA extracted from attenuated virus gave rise to a progeny of "t" type which were avirulent for mice. The results suggest that the infective RNA from type, I poliovirus carries the genetic information which determines the degree of neurovirulence.
Elevated Glycosylated Albumin in NIDDM Is a Function of Recent Everyday Environmental Stress
Authors: James E Aikens, Rhonda Mayes
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of recent daily environmental stress (daily hassles) with glycemia in NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fifty-five NIDDM patients reported the number and intensity of daily hassles occurring during the past week and concurrently underwent glycemic assessment. RESULTS Hassles were generally unassociated with demographic variables, illness duration, treatment regimen, and the presence of complications. Multiple regression analysis indicated that hassles (in both frequency and intensity) were positively associated with recent glycemia (glycosylated albumin [GA]), even after statistically controlling for long-term glycemia (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]). The subtypes of hassles having the most potent relationships with GA were work and family/friend-related stressors. CONCLUSIONS The frequency and perceived impact of everyday minor stress have proximal positive associations with glycemia that do not necessarily reflect chronic hyperglycemia. Stress arising from work and family/friend sources may be particularly relevant.
Abstract 2059: NADPH Oxidase 4 induced ROS regulates anoikis resistance through activation of Src and EGFR.
Authors: Hyeryeong Kim, Eun-Kyung Park, Kyung Hee Koo, Byung-Kiu Park, Yong-Nyun Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Since cancer cells must overcome the anoikis for the metastasis, anoikis resistance is an important process for tumor progression and metastasis. To identify anoikis resistance mechanism, we performed mRNA microarray analysis with attached and suspended human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Our microarray data reveals that Nox4 mRNA is up-regulated in the suspended cells. We evaluated both mRNA and protein levels of Nox4 and found that Nox4 is up-regulated in both mRNA and protein levels. In addition, higher levels of ROS are detected and Src activation was enhanced in suspended cells than attached cells. Interestingly, increased level of ROS in suspended cells was decreased by ROS scavengers or Nox4 inhibitors, leading to inactivation of Src and EGFR. Furthermore, knock-down of Nox4 by si-RNA specific for Nox4 resulted in inactivation of Src and EGFR. Because Src activation is not inhibited by EGFR inhibitor, Src activation appears to be independent on EGFR. In addition, si-RNA for Nox4 transfection decreased viability of cells in suspension. These results suggest that upon cell detachment, Nox4 expression is up-regulated and thus ROS levels are increased, which are important for activation of Src and EGFR, leading to sustained cell viability in the suspended cells. Therefore, we postulate that ROS generation through the Nox4 is an important process for anoikis resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2059. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2059
Metabolic responses of hibernating and infarcted myocardium to revascularization. A follow-up study of regional perfusion, function, and metabolism.
Authors: T H Marwick, W J MacIntyre, A Lafont, J J Nemec, E E Salcedo
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The presence of persistent myocardial uptake of 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) within hypoperfused, dysfunctional segments has been shown to predict the recovery of regional contractile function after revascularization. The spectrum of metabolic responses of such hibernating tissue to revascularization is less clear. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixteen patients with previous infarction were studied before and after revascularization by myocardial perfusion imaging using 82Rb positron emission tomography, digitized two-dimensional echocardiography, and imaging of postexercise FDG uptake. Hibernation was identified in 35 of 85 segments showing perfusion and wall motion disturbances before intervention. At follow-up (4.9 +/- 2.6 months after revascularization), hibernating segments were characterized by reduction of wall motion score (p less than 0.001), improvement of perfusion (p less than 0.001), and reduction of FDG activity (p less than 0.001). Of the 35 hibernating segments, however, 10 still had abnormal elevation of FDG uptake (greater than 2 SD above normal) without differing from other hibernating segments with respect to postoperative perfusion or wall motion score. Segments with persistently abnormal metabolism were characterized before intervention by more severe malperfusion (p less than 0.01) and greater FDG activity (p less than 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Although wall motion and perfusion improve with revascularization of hibernating tissue, myocardial metabolism remains abnormal in a significant proportion of segments. These segments are characterized by more extensive perfusion and metabolic changes before revascularization.
Paraplegia Following the Use of "Efocaine"
Authors: M. J. Parsonage, D. Taverner, G. H. Wooler
Journal: BMJ (1955)

Efocaine " is a long-acting local analgesic consisting of a solution of 1 % procaine base, 0.25% procaine hydrochloride, and 5 % butyl-p-aminobenzoate in a solvent composed of 2% polyethylene glycol-300, 78% propylene glycol, and water.It also contains 0.1 % sodium
GRADUATE TEACHING IN DERMATOLOGY
Authors: Howard Fox
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Louis B. Wilson has performed a valuable service in his recent painstaking review of graduate medical education in Europe (The Journal, June 11). In his brief reference to dermatology in America, however, he has made some misstatements which show his unfamiliarity with the situation in this country. "It is difficult to explain," Dr. Wilson writes, "why dermatology has been so slow in developing in America." With such a statement I must take issue, feeling that dermatology has developed as fast as other specialties, while in recent years it has made notable strides. He is evidently not aware of the fact that the oldest dermatologic society in the world is the New York Dermatological Society, founded in 1869; also that the American Dermatological Association, founded in 1876, is the fifth in age of the sixteen component bodies of the Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Wilson
Reduction of Post-operative Pain
Authors: D. L. Lewis, W. A. L. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1953)

PERSISTENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS MEDIAJORL procedure.So far there have been no recurrences among the 50 cases operated upon.Naturally the number of recurrences will depend on the criteria accepted in diagnosing such an event, and a minimal leak may produce marked signs.Hence the figures quoted above may exaggerate the incidence of recanalization following simple ligation.It should be noted that a systolic pulmonary murmur often persists for some time after ligation, presumably as a result of dilatation of the pulmonary artery.Although on the whole no particular anxiety was felt during most operations, the dramatic and serious events in the following case make it worth recording.Case 3.-The patient, a girl aged 13, had suffered no symptoms, though she was mentally rather backward.Operation was carried out under thiopentone,.followed by nitrous oxide and oxygen and a procaine drip.Immediately the chest had been opened it was noticed that there was practically no bleeding.The heart was
Immunochemical Characterization of Reference Alder (Alnus glutinosa) and Hazel (Corylus avellana) Pollen Extracts and the Partial Immunochemical Identity between the Major Allergens of Alder, Birch and Hazel Pollens
Authors: H. Ipsen, H. Bøwadt, H. Janniche, B. Nüchel Petersen, E. P. Munch, J.‐Å. Wihl, H. Løwenstein
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Dialysed extracts of alder ( Alnus glutinosa ) and hazel ( Corylus avellana ) pollens were characterized by immunochemical methods. The alder pollen extract contained at least 33 distinct antigens of which one, antigen 5, was classified as a major allergen, three, antigens 4, 10, and 17, were classified as intermediate allergens and two, antigens 19 and 23, were classified as minor allergens. The molecular weight and pI of the major allergen were determined to be 19,000 D and 5.2, respectively. The hazel pollen extract contained at least 40 distinct antigens, two of which were classified as major allergens, antigens 8 and 13, three as intermediate allergens, antigens 12, 17, and 26, and seven as minor allergens, antigens 6, 11, 16, 18, 29, 39, and 40. The molecular weights and pI's of the major allergens of hazel pollen were determined to be: antigen 8; Mw = 12,000 D, pI = 5.1 and &lt; 3.5, antigen 13; Mw = 26,000 D, pI = 5.1. Further, crossed line immunoelectrophoresis and tandem crossed immunoelectrophoresis of alder, birch and hazel strongly indicate that there exists an immunochemical partial identity between the major allergens (antigens 5 (alder), 23 (birch), and 13 (hazel)) from these tree pollens.
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Caused by Incisional Lumbar Hernia: Preoperative Evaluation by Diuretic Renal Scintigraphy
Authors: Michael C. Roarke, Robert Ferrigni, Panol Ram, Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

We present a case of lumbar abdominal wall hernia causing a urodynamically significant ureteropelvic junction obstruction, evaluated with Tc-99m MAG-3 renal scintigraphy.
Fatal Reactivation of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Nicolaos C. Tassopoulos
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their recent<i>JAMA</i>case report, De Cock et al<sup>1</sup>describe a fatal case of reactivation of chronic hepatitis B. IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc) became evident to a degree usually seen only in acute hepatitis B. Normal IgM found in human serum is predominantly pentameric, with a sedimentation coefficient of 19S; it is composed of five IgM subunits linked by a peptide J chain.<sup>2</sup>Each subunit has a sedimentation coefficient of 7S to 8S. IgM anti-HBc with a sedimentation coefficient of 19S has been detected in acute hepatitis B<sup>3,4</sup>and used to differentiate acute from chronic hepatitis B<sup>3</sup>In contrast, the low molecular weight (sedimentation coefficient of 7S to 8S) IgM anti-HBc has been detected predominantly in patients with persistent HBV infection.<sup>3,4</sup> <h3>Study.—</h3> Separation of the 19S and 7S to 8S forms of serum IgM anti-HBc by rate-zonal
Assumption of linearity in dose--effect relationships.
Authors: E E Pochin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

As a basis for establishing radiation protection standards, a substantial amount of quantitative information is now available on the frequency with which malignant diseases are induced in man by moderately high doses of radiation. Such estimates can now be made not only for irradiation of the whole body but also for exposure of a number of body organs individually. The frequency with which cancers might follow the much lower doses involved in occupational or environmental exposure to radiation, however, cannot be derived from any available epidemiological surveys. It can at present only be inferred by the (probably pessimistic) assumption that the frequency of such effects is linearly proportional to the size of dose received, even down to the lowest doses. Increasing information as to the probable form of the actual dose--effect relationship for radiation is indicating the extent to which the use of this
Human vs Animal Rights
Authors: Jerod M. Loeb
Journal: JAMA (1989)

For centuries, opposition has been directed against the use of animals for the benefit of humans. For more than four centuries in Europe, and for more than a century in the United States, this opposition has targeted scientific research that involves animals. More recent movements in support of animal rights have arisen in an attempt to impede, if not prohibit, the use of animals in scientific experimentation. These movements employ various means that range from information and media campaigns to destruction of property and threats against investigators. The latter efforts have resulted in the identification of more militant animal rights bands as terrorist groups. The American Medical Association has long been a defender of humane research that employs animals, and it is very concerned about the efforts of animal rights and welfare groups to interfere with research. Recently, the Association prepared a detailed analysis of the controversy over the use of animals in research, and the consequences for research and clinical medicine if the philosophy of animal rights activists were to prevail in society. This article is a condensation of the Association's analysis. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:2716-2720)
Histoplasmosis with Massive Pericardial Effusion and Systemic Involvement
Authors: J. Harlan Dix
Journal: JAMA (1962)

IN INCBEASING NUMBEB of cases of histoplasmosis have been reported since Hansmann, Schenken, and DeMonbreun cultured<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>from cases in 1934. The course, manifestations, organ involvement, epidemiological aspects, endemic, and worldwide distribution of this protean disease are well documented. Heart involvement has been reported with increasing frequency. The etiological agent affects all 3 layers: endocardium, myocardium, and the pericardium. The cases of pericarditis were diagnosed mainly on a sensitivity basis and were manifested as chronic, healed, calcific pericarditis. One case of constrictive pericarditis was added to this category. In addition, a case of an acute form of pericarditis with massive effusion due to histoplasmosis was recently reported. The authors were unable to substantiate any other cases in the literature with special localization in and involvement of the pericardium. The case being reported here coincided with the time their case was published, and we believe that the following may be of
A Framework for Catastrophic Disaster Response
Authors: Dan Hanfling, Bruce M. Altevogt, Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pulmonary Masses, Cysts, and Cavities: A Radiologic Approach
Authors: John L. McClenahan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<b>Chest Radiology: Patterns and Differential Diagnoses</b>, by James C. Reed, 338 pp, with illus, $41.75, Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc, 1981. These are two handsome books, and they go well together. In trim language, Dr Freundlich classifies solid and cystic lesions of the chest in terms of their origin, content and x-ray configuration. He gives proper space to diseases of congenital, inflammatory, obstructive, traumatic, and embolic origin, concluding with sections of complications and differential diagnosis. At the end, he tests the reader with a series of unknown cases. His style is fluid. He does not burden us with jargon, extraneous data, or distracting footnotes. A careful perusal brought to light only one "consistent with but not diagnostic of," and the text has been combed virtually free of "rule outs." The illustrations are large and clear, each with its reason, and legends are to the point. Tomograms and computed tomographic
Incidence and severity of transplant coronary artery disease early and up to 15 years after transplantation as detected by intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Peter R Rickenbacher, Fausto J Pinto, Adrian Chenzbraun, Javier Botas, Neil P Lewis, Edwin L Alderman, Hannah A Valantine, Sharon A Hunt, John S Schroeder, Richard L Popp, Alan C Yeung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Holt-Oram syndrome is caused by mutations in TBX5, a member of the Brachyury (T) gene family
Authors: Li Qy, Newbury-Ecob Ra, Terrett Ja, Wilson Di, Curtis Ar, Yi Ch, Gebuhr T, Bullen Pj, Robson Sc, Strachan T, Bonnet D, Lyonnet S, Young Id, Raeburn Ja, Buckler Aj, Law Dj, Brook Jd
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Francis Patrick Marsh
Authors: J. Cunningham
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Francis Patrick Marsh (“Frank”) was born in Birmingham in 1936 and moved to Leeds with his family in early childhood. The son of Horatio and Violet Marsh, he completed his schooling at Leeds Grammar School, from where he gained admission to Caius College, Cambridge, to read medicine, graduating with a first class honours degree in 1957 . He then moved to the London Hospital Medical College as a clinical student, and his medical life thereafter revolved largely around the London Hospital and its associated medical college with sojourns at the Kent and Canterbury Hospital and the Royal Free Hospital along the way. At the age of 34 years he was appointed as a senior lecturer on the medical unit at the London Hospital Medical College under Professor Clifford Wilson (of “Kimmelstiel-Wilson Kidney”) and later as a consultant physician to the London Hospital, a post …
Characterization of a dextran–coated layered double hydroxide acetylsalicylic acid delivery system and its pharmacokinetics in rabbit
Authors: Li-e Dong, Guojing Gou, Lin Jiao
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

The aim of this study was to prepare a dextran–coated layered double hydroxide acetylsalicylic acid (DEX–LDH–ASA) delivery system by co-precipitation of LDH–ASA and its in-situ compositing with DEX. The structure of the system was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetry (TG). Its in vitro drug release properties and in vivo pharmacokinetics in rabbit were also determined. The results show that the DEX–LDH–ASA system retained the crystal structure of LDH–ASA and gave a marked improvement in its dispersion. It also prolonged the release of ASA and shifted the release pattern from first-order to zero-order kinetics. The pharmacokinetics of ASA administered in the DEX–LDH–ASA system to rabbits produced two absorption peaks with a Cmax of 14.8±1.7 mg/L at 2.11±0.69 h and an elimination half-life of 2.25±0.84 h for the first peak. The fact that delivery of ASA in the DEX–LDH–ASA system was sustained with improved bioavailability indicates the potential of the system as a controlled release formulation with application to other drugs.
Halo Nevi and Melanoma
Authors: William L. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1973)

We treated a patient in whom removal of a primary malignant melanoma was associated with the dramatic appearance of multiple, prominent halo nevi. Four additional patients were subsequently observed who exhibited this phenomenon following removal of their primary malignant melanomas. Histologic examination of the halo nevi showed atypical, disintegrating melanocytes with little inflammatory infiltrate. Immunologic studies revealed that the patients' lymphocytes had strong cellular immunity toward melanoma antigens. Halo nevi may occur in association with malignant melanoma more commonly than previously suspected and may represent an immune response to melanoma or related antigens.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Accuracy of General Diagnostic Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Performed by Nurse or Medical Endoscopists
Authors: C. Meaden, M. Joshi, S. Hollis, A. Higham, D. Lynch
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and Study Aims: Rising demand for general diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the UK is outgrowing the capacity of doctors to provide this service within a reasonable time. One solution is to train nurses to carry out the procedure, but it is not known whether nurses can perform general diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as competently as doctors. Patients and Methods: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial compared the adequacy and the accuracy of diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopies performed by five medical and two nurse endoscopists. The videotaped procedures were assessed by a consultant gastroenterologist blinded to the identity of the endoscopist. Results: 641 patients were randomly allocated (before attendance and consent procedure) to endoscopy carried out either by a doctor or a nurse. Of these, 412 were enrolled and 367 (89 %) were included in the analysis. An adequate view was obtained throughout in 53.4 % (93/177) of doctor endoscopies and 91.6 % (174/190) of nurse endoscopies (difference 38.2 %, 95 % CL 30.5 %, 47.2 %). In adequately viewed areas, the mean agreement between doctor and expert was 81.0 % and between nurse and expert it was 78.3 % (difference between the means 2.7 %, 95 % CL - 1.0 %, 6.4 %). There was no difference between doctors and nurses in the rate of biopsy performance (90.4 % and 91.1 %, respectively, P = 0.862). Nurses took longer (8.1 minutes vs. 4.6 minutes, P < 0.001) and used intravenous sedation more often (57.6 %, P = 0.027). Adequacy of view correlated positively with endoscopy duration (P < 0.001), but diagnostic accuracy correlated inversely with duration (P < 0.001). Neither adequacy or accuracy correlated significantly with use of intravenous sedation. Conclusions: In endoscopies performed by nurses, the proportion of adequate examinations was much higher than that found for doctors. In areas with an adequate view, there is no significant difference in accuracy between nurses and doctors. Nurses can provide an accurate general diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy service as competently as doctors.