tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of recurrence after a first episode of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review
Authors: David Garcia, Elie A. Akl, Richard Carr, Clive Kearon
Journal: Blood (2013)

Key Points The quality of evidence pertaining to the risk of recurrent thrombosis among patients with an antiphospholipid antibody is very low. Additional studies are needed to define the impact of APLA testing on clinical decision-making.
Leupeptin Inhibits Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-induced Protein Breakdown in the Conscious Dog
Authors: Ben McCallister, William W. Lacy, Phillip E. Williams, Naji N. Abumrad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

To elucidate the role of proteinase inhibitors in the regulation of protein breakdown in vivo, we measured the effect of leupeptin on the rate of appearance of leucine in the plasma compartment in overnight-fasted conscious dogs. Two groups of dogs were studied. The control group (I) received saline infusion, and the experimental group (II) was rendered hypercatabolic with daily administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (500 U/d) for 4 d.
Glargine Insulin Is Not an Alternative in Insulin Allergy
Authors: Karine-Noelle Durand-Gonzalez, Nicolas Guillausseau, Catherine Pecquet, Jean-Pierre Gayno
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Allergy to insulin is rare with human recombinant insulin and is now reported for <1% of diabetic patients. Clinic symptoms are usually local and appear a few minutes after the injection (red blotch, induration, pruritus, and burning sensation at insulin injection sites) and are rarely general (from urticaria to anaphylactic shock). A decrease of the efficiency of the insulin is usually associated with these symptoms. Different methods have been proposed for the treatment of insulin allergy including the use of oral antihistaminics, the addition …
Hyperleukocytosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Michael J Mauro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

A 26-year-old woman was referred for progressive fatigue, dyspnea, blurred vision, and near-syncope. At presentation, she had marked pallor, pyrexia, diffuse nontender lymphadenopathy, and both preretinal and retinal hemorrhages. The initial laboratory examination revealed a leukocyte count of 249,000 per cubic millimeter, a hemoglobin concentration of 29 g per liter (normal range, 115 to 160), and a platelet count of 48,000 per cubic millimeter. A peripheral-blood smear (Panel A, Wright–Giemsa, ×500), showed numerous blast forms. After the peripheral-blood samples drawn at presentation had settled, they revealed a large buffy coat of green leukemic cells (Panel B, arrow); blood from an . . .
Mechanoelectrical Feedback as Novel Mechanism of Cardiac Electrical Remodeling
Authors: Darwin Jeyaraj, Lance D. Wilson, Jia Zhong, Chris Flask, Jeffrey E. Saffitz, Isabelle Deschênes, Xin Yu, David S. Rosenbaum
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Altered electrical activation of the heart by pacing or disease induces profound ventricular electrical remodeling (VER), manifested electrocardiographically as T-wave memory and ultimately as deleterious mechanical remodeling from heterogeneous strain. Although T-wave memory is associated with altered expression of sarcolemmal ion channels, the biophysical mechanisms responsible for triggering remodeling of cardiac ion channels are unknown.To test the hypothesis that mechanoelectrical feedback triggered by regional strain is a mechanism for VER, dogs (n=6) underwent 4 weeks of ventricular pacing to induce VER. Multisegment transmural optical action potential imaging of left ventricular wedges revealed profound and selective prolongation of action potential duration in late-activated (288+/-29 ms) compared with early-activated (250+/-9 ms) myocardial segments (P<0.05), providing the first experimental evidence that amplification of repolarization gradients between segments of left ventricle is the electrophysiological basis for T-wave memory. In vivo tagged magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2-fold and preferential increase in circumferential strain in late-activated segments of myocardium, which exactly coincided with segments undergoing VER. VER could not be attributed to structural remodeling because it occurred without any histological evidence of cellular hypertrophy.The mechanism responsible for triggering remodeling of ion channel function in VER was locally enhanced circumferential strain. These data suggest a novel mechanoelectrical feedback mechanism for inducing physiological and potentially deleterious electrical heterogeneities in the heart.
Cheilitis glandularis: a rare entity
Authors: S. Verma
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Cheilitis glandularis: a rare entity Get access S. Verma S. Verma B3 C.S. Patel Enclave 3, Pratapgunj, Vadodara 390002 India Sbvderma@wilnetonline.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 2, 1 February 2003, Page 362, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05007.x Published: 01 February 2003 Article history Accepted: 31 May 2002 Published: 01 February 2003
Conversion from Mycophenolate Mofetil to Enteric-coated Mycophenolate Sodium (myfortic??) Resolves Gastrointestinal Disorders in a Patient with Severe Idiopathic Aplastic Anaemia
Authors: Pierre-Simon Rohrlich, Eric Deconinck, Jean-Yves Cahn, Emmanuel Plouvier
Journal: Drugs (2006)
Identification of novel, cardiac-restricted transcription factors binding to a CACC-box within the human cardiac troponin I promoter
Authors: K Dellow
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objectives: The expression of the human cardiac troponin I (hTnIc) gene is developmentally regulated and tissue-specific. In analysing the putative binding elements within the proximal promoter, a CACC-box sequence overlapping a consensus Sp1 element has been identified. The aim of this study was to characterise the factors binding to this element and to determine their importance in the transcriptional activity of the promoter. Methods: A combination of supershift and competition electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were used to identify the binding of factors to the overlapping CACC-box/Sp1 consensus element. The functional importance of this element was tested by transient transfection into primary neonatal rat cardiac myocytes in culture. Results: At least four factors were able to interact with this region including the zinc finger proteins Sp1, Sp3 and two potentially novel factors. Whereas both Sp1 and Sp3 bound to the consensus Sp1 element, and to a lesser extent the CACC-box, two of the complexes required the intact CACC-box for binding. Site-directed mutagenesis of this region showed that the CACC-box is essential for hTnIc promoter–reporter activity. Further characterisation using EMSA indicated that the factors binding the hTnIc CACC-box are unlikely to be zinc finger proteins as they are insensitive to the addition of divalent cation chelating agents. They were also unable to bind to other known CACC-box elements. These factors are present in both human and rat cardiac muscle but absent from a number of cell lines including several derived from skeletal muscle. Conclusion: The human cardiac troponin I gene promoter requires an upstream CACC-box element for full activity. This element binds at least two complexes which represent novel, tissue-restricted DNA-binding activity present in the heart which we have named HCB1 and HCB2 for heart CACC-box binding factors.
Echocardiographic imaging of myocardial opacification with second harmonic imaging of peripherally injected aerosome® echocontrast yields improved quantitation
Authors: Kirk W. Walker, James Ge, Susan Grauer, George A. Pantely, George D. Giraud, Takahiro Shiota, Masahiro Ishii, Jeff Powers, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
BMJ is not always impartial about the advertisements it includes
Authors: T. Harlow, I. Baker, R. Bullock, C. Gannon, R. George, A. Shuler, D. Willis
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The BMJ prizes impartiality and is the official journal of the BMA. As the ethics committee of the Association Palliative Medicine, we were interested to see that the 16 November print issue of the BMJ contained an insert from Dignity in Dying promoting physician assisted …
A Committee on Applied Medical Science
Authors: JAMES M. ANDERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 September 1930A Committee on Applied Medical ScienceJAMES M. ANDERS, M.D., M.A.C.P.JAMES M. ANDERS, M.D., M.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-3-277 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe writer feels strongly that fresh discoveries of greater or less importance fail of being utilized in a practical manner as promptly as they should be, so that our scientific achievements have ever outstripped our practical performances in the past. He has in previous articles dwelt upon the fact that popularization of science has been lagging too far behind the march of scientific advances, and urged the need of measures or practical means to facilitate the serious application of important fresh discoveries. As stated elsewhere by the writer; "It is to the utilization for human progress of established truths, in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES M. ANDERS, M.D., M.A.C.P.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1930Volume 4, Issue 3Page: 277-280 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Demonstration of Superior Vena Caval Obstruction and "Hot Spot" on Liver Scan in a Case of Non-Hodgkin??s Lymphoma
Authors: VIRGILIO A. VALDEZ, NILO E. HERRERA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

A case of total superior vena cava obstruction and “hot spot” in the liver demonstrated by a radiocolloid liver scan in a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the anterior mediastinum, is presented. The study showed total obstruction of the superior vena cava and the presence of collateral circulation. The patient received radiation therapy, and a subsequent radiocolloid study showed relief of the obstruction and disappearance of the “hot spot.”
Contributions to Medicine by Research in Pharmacology
Authors: Walter F. Riker
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THROUGH the study of drugs during the last half century and especially the last 25 years, pharmacology has proffered something more substantial than merely drugs. Actually thousands of drug substances have appeared in the pharmacologie arena; most have commanded only fleeting attention, some have atttracted more compelling interest for academic or clinical reason, but all, simply because they have been the objects of pharmacologie research, have been the means by which have arisen those principal concerns that uniquely constitute modern pharmacology. These essential matters of pharmacology have lasting qualities which are being continuously refined and sharpened through research. It is these enduring and evolving principles that furnish the measuring devices which permit us to make rational judgments and optimal application of drug materials. Rather than discuss these principles, I have elected to review some aspects of one of these, namely, the dose-response relationship, to call to attention its meaning, its
Carcinogen in tobacco smoke can be passed to fetus
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Researchers have found that one of the strongest carcinogens in tobacco smoke is transmitted to developing fetuses when a pregnant woman smokes.

Stephen Hecht, a scientist at the University of Minnesota Cancer Center, found by- products of the nicotine derived chemical NNK in the first urine of babies born to mothers who had smoked during pregnancy. NNK is unique to tobacco and is a known carcinogen. …
Overcoming Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma: The Emergence of Therapeutic Approaches to Induce Apoptosis
Authors: Hank H. Yang, Mark H. Ma, Robert A. Vescio, James R. Berenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Drug resistance remains a major clinical challenge for cancer treatment. Early studies suggested that overexpression of P-glycoprotein was a major contributor to the chemotherapy resistance of myeloma cells and other tumor cells. Attempts in several clinical studies to reverse multidrug resistance protein (MDR) by using MDR modulators have not yet generated promising results. Recently, the emerging knowledge about the importance of overcoming antiapoptosis and drug resistance in treating a variety of malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM), raises new hope of improving the treatment outcome for patients with cancer. The therapeutic value of targeting therapies that aim to reverse the antiapoptotic process in MM cells has been explored in a number of experimental systems, and the results have been promising. The proteasome inhibitor PS-341 is a new specifically targeted proapoptotic therapy that has been tested in clinical studies. The results indicate that PS-341 alone is an effective therapy for patients with MM who experience disease relapse. Recent in vitro data also demonstrate that PS-341 can markedly sensitize chemotherapy-resistant MM cells to various chemotherapeutic agents. On the basis of these encouraging results, clinical studies are underway to test the efficacy of PS-341 and chemotherapeutic agents as combination therapy in treating patients with refractory and relapsed MM.
LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITION AND THE RISK OF VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE MADIT-CRT STUDY
Authors: Valentina Kutyifa, Michal Gibinski, Wojciech Zareba, Jagmeet Singh, Scott McNitt, Paul Wang, Amin Al-Ahmad, Bela Merkely, Arthur J. Moss, Helmut Klein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Estrogen Replacement Therapy and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Trudy L. Bush
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —Colditz et al1have dismissed the issue raised by Dr Dupont2that increased surveillance for breast cancer among women receiving estrogen therapy may explain the increased diagnosis of breast cancer seen in this cohort. They argue that since there were no differences in tumor size between estrogen users and nonusers, surveillance bias is an unlikely explanation for their findings. However, we believe that several additional issues require clarification before detection bias can be ruled out as an explanation for their findings.  First, Dupont is correct in noting that estrogen users had a 31% higher rate of mammography than nonusers (64% of users and 49% of nonusers had mammography in the previous year; 64 is 31% higher than 49). This increased rate of mammography (31%) is nearly identical to the increased risk of diagnosis of breast cancer seen in nurses using estrogen therapy (36%).  Second, although
Sympathetic and baroreceptor reflex function in neurally mediated syncope evoked by tilt.
Authors: R Mosqueda-Garcia, R Furlan, R Fernandez-Violante, T Desai, M Snell, Z Jarai, V Ananthram, R M Robertson, D Robertson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The pathophysiology of neurally mediated syncope is poorly understood. It has been widely assumed that excessive sympathetic activation in a setting of left ventricular hypovolemia stimulates ventricular afferents that trigger hypotension and bradycardia. We tested this hypothesis by determining if excessive sympathetic activation precedes development of neurally mediated syncope, and if this correlates with alterations in baroreflex function. We studied the changes in intraarterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), and plasma catecholamines evoked by upright tilt in recurrent neurally mediated syncope patients (SYN, 5+/-1 episodes/mo, n = 14), age- and sex-matched controls (CON, n = 23), and in healthy subjects who consistently experienced syncope during tilt (FS+, n = 20). Baroreflex responses were evaluated from changes in HR, BP, and MSNA that were obtained after infusions of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside. Compared to CON, patients with SYN had blunted increases in MSNA at low tilt levels, followed by a progressive decrease and ultimately complete disappearance of MSNA with syncope. SYN patients also had attenuation of norepinephrine increases and lower baroreflex slope sensitivity, both during tilt and after pharmacologic testing. FS+ subjects had the largest decrease in CVP with tilt and had significant increases in MSNA and heart rate baroreflex slopes. These data challenge the view that excessive generalized sympathetic activation is the precursor of the hemodynamic abnormality underlying recurrent neurally mediated syncope.
An Aseptic Soap-Container.
Authors: STUART McGUIRE
Journal: JAMA (1900)

SURGEON IN CHARGE OF ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL, RICHMOND, VA.  In my personal observation in several leading hospitals, where surgical cleanliness was often carried to the point of sterilizing iodoform and protecting the hands with rubber gloves, I have failed to note a single instance in which an effort was made to eliminate the possibility of infection from the soap-dish; on the contrary, the universal practice was to have an open jar or bowl of green soap on the washstand, into which the operator, assistants and nurses freely inserted hands soiled from routine work or septic from an operation just completed.  Green soap is readily infected with micro-organisms, particularly those of a pyogenic nature, and the practice referred to was so repugnant to the writer's surgical conscience that he has made repeated but unsuccessful efforts to find a soap-container on the market which would correct the evil. With the aid of
Formation of apolipoprotein AI–phosphatidylcholine core aldehyde Schiff base adducts promotes uptake by THP-1 macrophages
Authors: Z Ahmed
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is believed to protect against development of atherosclerosis by inhibiting the accumulation of oxidized lipids in low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Paradoxically, HDL lipid is more susceptible to oxidation than LDL lipid. In the present study, we examined the effect of oxidized phospholipids on the uptake of HDL by macrophages.Oxidation of HDL increased formation of phosphatidylcholine core aldehydes that was paralleled by increased covalent binding of phospholipids to HDL protein from 0.96+/-0.44 to 8.5+/-1.76 phosphorus/HDL protein (mol/mol). Incubation of apolipoprotein AI with synthetically prepared phosphatidylcholine core aldehydes, 1-palmitoyl-2-[5-oxo]valeroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or 1-palmitoyl-2-[9-oxo] nonanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, significantly increased the phosphorus:apolipoprotein AI ratio from 1.1+/-0.5 to 7.2+/-2.0 and from 0.9+/-0.6 to 8.5+/-0.8, respectively. The binding and uptake of phosphatidylcholine core aldehyde-apolipoprotein AI proteoliposomes, by THP-1 macrophages, was similar to that observed for oxidized HDL and oxidized LDL.We conclude that oxidation of HDL increased formation of phosphatidylcholine core aldehyde-apolipoprotein AI Schiff base adducts and enhanced uptake of oxidized HDL by THP-1 macrophages.
How many psychiatrists does it take to change a light bulb?
Authors: N. Simpson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Ileft Manchester at the end of March 1999 after 14 years as a consultant in psychiatry of learning disability. My former clinical director looked dismayed when I said I intended to write a personal view. “Please don't say anything that will make it harder to recruit a replacement,” he said.

Recruitment in this specialty in the north west of England has always been difficult, with the worst consultant:patient ratio in the United Kingdom. Before 1987 there were no senior registrar posts. In 1985 I was appointed to an innovatory community based service, which provided a mental health service for people with learning disabilities from the resources used by the rest of the population. Patients needing hospital care were admitted to the unit where I also worked half time in general psychiatry. The service showed that specialist skills can be provided without segregating patients from mainstream services.

> Seventeen months after I left neither post has been advertised 

As the service developed, it achieved recognition. …
Beneficial Effects of Estrogens on Indices of Renal Damage in Uninephrectomized SHRsp Rats
Authors: Marie-Luise Gross, Marcin Adamczak, Thomas Rabe, Nevin Ali Harbi, Jan Krtil, Andreas Koch, Peter Hamar, Kerstin Amann, Eberhard Ritz
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2004)

ABSTRACT. Renal diseases tend to be less severe among premenopausal female patients, compared with male patients. Experimental data on the effects of estrogens on renal damage are controversial, and potential underlying mechanisms have not been fully clarified. Three-month-old, female, uninephrectomized (UNX), sham-operated or ovariectomized (OVX) SHRsp rats were left untreated or received either 17β-estradiol 3-benzoate (25 μg/d) or estriol (0.02 mg/d) daily. After 3 mo, indices of renal damage (glomerulosclerosis index and tubulointerstitial damage index) and glomerular geometric parameters were investigated. The expression of desmin, TGF-β, endothelin-1, collagen IV, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and estrogen receptors α and β in the glomeruli and tubulointerstitium was immunohistochemically evaluated. Estradiol and estriol did not significantly affect kidney weights or BP. Estradiol and estriol caused significant reductions in albuminuria (vehicle-treated UNX/OVX animals, 25.4 ± 8.52 mg/24 h; estradiol-treated UNX/OVX animals, 15.37 ± 6.12 mg/24 h; estriol-treated UNX/OVX animals, 6.54 ± 2.24 mg/24 h). The glomerulosclerosis index was significantly lower in estriol- and estradiol-treated animals (estradiol-treated UNX/OVX animals, 0.69 ± 0.16; estriol-treated UNX/OVX animals, 0.21 ± 0.12; P < 0.05), compared with vehicle-treated animals (1.46 ± 0.09); the tubulointerstitial damage index exhibited a similar pattern. The mean glomerular volume was significantly less in estrogen-treated animals. UNX/OVX animals demonstrated significantly greater expression of TGF-β and endothelin-1 in immunohistochemical, in situ hybridization, and reverse transcription-PCR assays. This increase was abrogated by estriol but not estradiol. Similarly, significantly higher glomerular and tubulointerstitial expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and collagen IV was observed in UNX/OVX animals, and expression was decreased by estriol but not estradiol. It was concluded that, in the UNX model of spontaneous renal damage, glomerular lesions and glomerular hypertrophy were reduced by estriol but less consistently by estradiol. In parallel, loss of podocytes, evidence of podocyte injury (i.e., desmin expression), and expression of mediator systems of glomerular damage were decreased, pointing to a major renoprotective action of estriol.