tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular manifestations of mixed connective tissue disease in adults.
Authors: M A Alpert, S H Goldberg, B H Singsen, J B Durham, G C Sharp, M Ahmad, N P Madigan, D P Hurst, W D Sullivan
Journal: Circulation (1983)

To assess the nature and distribution of cardiovascular abnormalities associated with mixed connective tissue disease, we studied 38 patients with overlapping clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis and polymyositis, and circulating antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein. The protocol included taking a medical history and a physical echocardiogram, and pulmonary function tests. Cardiac catheterization was performed on 17 patients. Postmortem examination was performed on four of the five patients who died during follow-up. Acute pericarditis and/or pericardial effusion was detected in 11 patients (29%) and mitral valve prolapse was identified in 10 patients (26%). Marked intimal hyperplasia of coronary arteries was observed in all four hearts that were autopsied and perivascular and myocardial leukocytic aggregates were present in two hearts. Pulmonary vascular resistance was elevated in 11 of the 17 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization. In summary, cardiovascular abnormalities associated with mixed connective tissue disease include acute pericarditis and/or effusion, mitral valve prolapse, intimal hyperplasia of coronary arteries, perivascular and myocardial leukocytic infiltrates, and pulmonary hypertension.
Isomorphism: Philosophical implications
Authors: Edmond Wright
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

The originator of the notion of structural isomorphism was the philosopher Roy Wood Sellars. Many modern philosophers are unaware how this notion vitiates their attacks on the concept of an internal sensory presentation. His view that this allowed for corrective feedback undercuts Palmer's belief that there is a mapping of objects. The privacy of subjective experience is also shown not to be inviolable.
An Electrophysiologic Approach to the Surgical Treatment of the Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
Authors: ROBERT H. SVENSON, JOHN J. GALLAGHER, WILL C. SEALY, ANDREW G. WALLACE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

The usefulness and limitations of electrode catheter and epicardial mapping techniques in the evaluation of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are described. In one case epicardial surface mapping was unsuccessful in localizing the accessory connection. However, a septal location was suggested by catheter recording techniques and confirmed by the point at which the surgical incision interrupted the accessory connection. In the second case catheter techniques could not confirm the role of the accessory connection in a re-entrant rhythm. Epicardial mapping of the atrium during PAT confirmed a return route to the atrium over the accessory connection, opposite the point of ventricular pre-excitation during sinus rhythm. In both cases, following surgery, epicardial maps, 12-lead ECGs and catheter recording techniques revealed no evidence of residual pre-excitation.
Prediction of survival after liver retransplantation for late graft failure based on preoperative prognostic scores
Authors: Francis Y. Yao, Sammy Saab, Nathan M. Bass, Ryutaro Hirose, David Ly, Norah Terrault, Ann A. Lazar, Peter Bacchetti, Nancy L. Ascher, John P. Roberts
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The current policy for determining priority for organ allocation is based on the model for end stage liver disease (MELD). We hypothesize that severity of graft dysfunction assessed by either the MELD score or the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score correlates with mortality after liver retransplantation (re-OLT). To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the outcome of 40 consecutive patients who received re-OLT more than 90 days after primary orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The Kaplan-Meier 1-year and 5-year survival rates after re-OLT were 69% and 62%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) values generated by the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were 0.82 (CI 0.70-0.94) and 0.68 (CI 0.49-0.86), respectively ( P = .11), for the CTP and MELD models in predicting 1-year mortality after re-OLT. The 1-year and 5-year survival rates for patients with CTP scores less than 10 were 100% versus 50% and 40%, respectively, for CTP scores of at least 10 ( P = .0006). Patients with MELD scores less than or equal to 25 had 1-year and 5-year survival rates of 89% and 79%, respectively, versus 53% and 47%, respectively, for MELD scores greater than 25 ( P = .038). Other mortality predictors include hepatic encephalopathy, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, recurrent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and creatinine level of 2 mg/dL or higher. Analysis of an independent cohort of 49 patients showed a trend for a correlation between CTP and MELD scores with 1-year mortality, with AUC of 0.59 and 0.57, in respective ROC curves. In conclusion, our results suggest that severity of graft failure based on CTP and MELD scores may be associated with worse outcome after re-OLT and provide a cautionary note for the “sickest first” policy of organ allocation. (Hepatology 2004;39:230-238.)
Aging, Natural Death, and the Compression of Morbidity
Authors: James F. Fries
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The average length of life has risen from 47 to 73 years in this century, but the maximum life span has not increased. Therefore, survival curves have assumed an ever more rectangular form. Eighty per cent of the years of life lost to nontraumatic, premature death have been eliminated, and most premature deaths are now due to the chronic diseases of the later years. Present data allow calculation of the ideal average life span, approximately 85 years. Chronic illness may presumably be postponed by changes in life style, and it has been shown that the physiologic and psychologic markers of aging may be modified. Thus, the average age at first infirmity can be raised, thereby making the morbidity curve more rectangular. Extension of adult vigor far into a fixed life span compresses the period of senescence near the end of life. Health-research strategies to improve the quality of life require careful study of the variability of the phenomena of aging and how they may be modified.
Clinically Important Radiation-Associated Thyroid Disease
Authors: Harry R. Maxon
Journal: JAMA (1980)

We evaluated 1,266 persons who had received external radiotherapy for benign diseases in childhood. The evaluation used detailed questionnaires completed by trained interviewers and neoplastic disease registry data. The control population included 958 age-, sex-, race-, and disease-matched persons who had not received radiotherapy and 9,865 family members of the two study groups. An excess number of clinically important thyroid neoplasms, both benign and malignant, was noted in the irradiated group.
Healthcare reform is important to US voters, study shows
Authors: Bob Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A large majority of Americans say that a presidential candidate’s views on healthcare reform will be a very important or somewhat important factor in how they cast their vote, according to a survey by the Commonwealth Fund that was released on 15 January. It was accompanied by an analysis of the positions of presidential candidates on health reform.

Health expenditures surged to 16% of the US gross domestic product in 2006 and are projected to reach an unsustainable 20% within a decade said the fund’s president, Karen Davis. But the United States …
Administration of Interleukin 12 With Pulse Interleukin 2 and the Rapid and Complete Eradication of Murine Renal Carcinoma
Authors: J. M. Wigginton, K. L. Komschlies, T. C. Back, J. L. Franco, M. J. Brunda, R. H. Wiltrout
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1996)

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) are potent immunoregulatory cytokines that exhibit antitumor activity. Preliminary evidence suggests that combined administration of IL-2 and IL-12 may yield greater antitumor activity than that observed with either agent alone.We evaluated the ability of combination regimens of IL-2 and IL-12 to induce regression of established primary and metastatic murine renal carcinoma (Renca) tumors.BALB/c mice were given either subcutaneous or intrarenal injections of 10(5) Renca cells; tumor cell injections were given to 10-12 mice for each treatment group. Mice bearing subcutaneous primary tumors were treated with chronic IL-2 (300,000 IU given on a daily basis) or pulse IL-2 (300,000 IU given twice daily one day per week) alone, IL-12 alone (0.5 micrograms given on a daily basis), or IL-12 in combination with either chronic or pulse IL-2. Mice with metastatic tumors (arising from intrarenal implants; animals were nephrectomized to remove the primary tumors) were treated with IL-12 plus or minus pulse IL-2; in these experiments, IL-12 was given at doses of either 0.5 or 1.0 micrograms. In most experiments, treatment was continued for at least 3 weeks. Two-sided statistical tests were used to evaluate the data.Most mice with subcutaneous Renca tumors treated with the combination of IL-12 and chronic IL-2 died of treatment-related toxic effects within 7-14 days. In contrast, treatment with IL-12 plus pulse IL-2 was well tolerated, and six of 10 mice experienced complete tumor regression; none of the mice treated with either IL-12 alone or pulse Il-2 alone experienced a curative response. Seven of eight and nine of nine mice with metastatic tumors experienced complete tumor regression after treatment with 0.5 micrograms IL-12 plus pulse IL-2 or 1.0 microgram IL-12 plus pulse IL-2, respectively; two of 12 mice treated with pulse IL-2 alone and 10% or less of mice treated with IL-12 alone were cured of metastatic tumors (with 0.5 micrograms IL-12, none of 10 mice; with 1.0 micrograms IL-12, one of 10 mice). Five of 10 mice with metastatic tumors treated with a short-course regimen of IL-12 and pulse IL-2 (two pulses of IL-2 flanking 5 days of 0.5 micrograms IL-12) experienced complete tumor regression, while only one of the 12 mice treated with IL-2 alone and none of the mice treated with IL-12 alone experienced complete tumor regression. Virtually all curative response frequencies obtained with IL-12 and pulse IL-2 combination regimens differed significantly (P < .05) from those obtained with corresponding single-agent treatments.IL-12 administered in combination with pulse IL-2 induced rapid and complete regression of primary and metastatic Renca tumors and displayed greater antitumor activity than that observed with either IL-12 or IL-2 alone.
James Joyce. A portrait of the artist as a schizoid
Authors: N. J. Andreasen
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Today customs officials watch bearded college students return from Europe carrying copies of Naked Lunch or the Works of Chairman Mao, and check pockets or luggage for marihuana or heroin. In the nostalgically distant days of forty years ago, Hemingway and Joyce were the culture heroes of the clean-shaven avant-garde. The hottest contraband for import was Joyce's Ulysses , banned for obscenity in the United States but available for smuggling at Sylvia Beach's Shakespeare and Co. bookstore in Paris. Now the heroes of that generation are dead—Joyce by a gastrointestinal hemorrhage, Hemingway through suicide, Dylan Thomas from the ravages of alcohol. Of the Joyce coterie, most are also dead, though the once young Samuel Beckett, whom Joyce's daughter Lucia for a time admired, has lived on to win the Nobel prize for literature that his master never attained. And Lucia Joyce lives on too, a permanent resident of St. Andrew's Psychiatric
Regional lung function in scoliosis
Authors: W. A. Littler, I. K. Brown, R. Roaf
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Radioactive xenon-133 was used to study the pattern of regional lung function in 35 scoliotic patients and 10 normal subjects in the sitting posture. The scoliotic curves were classified into three anatomical sites: high, if the apical vertebra was located between Th1 and Th5; mid, between Th6 and Th10; and low, between Th11 and L4; only the primary curve was considered and in 70% of the patients this measured more than 60°. The mean pattern of perfusion in patients with low and mid curves was not significantly different from that of the normals, nor was there any significant difference between the convex and concave lungs in these two groups. Patients with high curves showed three distinct patterns: [List: see text] The mean pattern of ventilation in the three groups of scoliotic patients was not significantly different from that of the normals although there was wide individual variation. The only patients to show a significantly abnormal ventilation/perfusion ratio were the high group. Regional lung volumes calculated from the equilibration scan indicated that in a majority of scoliotics the lung on the convex side of the curvature was larger than that on the concave side. Our results suggest that both the anatomical site and the angle of the scoliotic curvature have an effect on regional lung function but that this effect falls equally on the convex and concave lungs.
Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis, severe sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Ming‐Hung Tsai, Yun‐Shing Peng, Yung‐Chang Chen, Nai‐Jeng Liu, Yu‐Pin Ho, Ji‐Tseng Fang, Jau‐Min Lien, Chun Yang, Pang‐Chi Chen, Cheng‐Shyong Wu
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to bacterial infection, which can result in circulatory dysfunction, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy, and a decreased survival rate. Severe sepsis is frequently associated with adrenal insufficiency, which may lead to hemodynamic instabity and a poor prognosis. We evaluated adrenal function using short corticotropin stimulation test (SST) in 101 critically ill patients with cirrhosis and severe sepsis. Adrenal insufficiency occurred in 51.48% of patients. The patients with adrenal insufficiency had a higher hospital mortality rate when compared with those with normal adrenal function (80.76% vs. 36.7%, P < .001). The cumulative rates of survival at 90 days were 15.3% and 63.2% for the adrenal insufficiency and normal adrenal function groups, respectively (P < .0001). The hospital survivors had a higher cortisol response to corticotropin (16.2 ± 8.0 vs. 8.5 ± 5.9 μg/dL, P < .001). The cortisol response to corticotropin was inversely correlated with various disease severity, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, and Child–Pugh scores. Acute physiology, age, chronic health evaluation III score, and cortisol increment were independent factors to predict hospital mortality. Mean arterial pressure on the day of SST was lower in patients with adrenal insufficiency (60 ± 14 vs. 74.5 ± 13 mm Hg, P < .001), and a higher proportion of these patients required vasopressors (73% vs. 24.48%, P < .001). Mean arterial pressure, serum bilirubin, vasopressor dependency, and bacteremia were independent factors that predicted adrenal insufficiency. In conclusion, adrenal insufficiency is common in critically ill patients with cirrhosis and severe sepsis. It is related to functional liver reserve and disease severity and is associated with hemodynamic instability, renal dysfunction, and increased mortality. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;43:673–681.)
Caroli's Disease.
Authors: J G McNulty
Journal: BMJ (1971)

the real obstacles to a renal transplantation programme, which should be rapidly ex- panding and for which there is such need.Such expansion will not occur until there is an improvement in the nursing establish- ment and medical junior staffing on the average acute medical or surgical ward, par- ticularly in hospitals where the actual renal transplantation is not done.-Iam, etc.,
Fondaparinux Compared with Enoxaparin for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism after Elective Major Knee Surgery
Authors: Kenneth A. Bauer, Bengt I. Eriksson, Michael R. Lassen, Alexander G.G. Turpie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Despite thromboprophylaxis, major knee surgery carries a high risk of venous thromboembolism. Fondaparinux, the first of a new class of synthetic antithrombotic agents, may reduce this risk.
Platelet factor 4 efficiently reverses heparin anticoagulation in the rat without adverse effects of heparin-protamine complexes.
Authors: J J Cook, S Niewiarowski, Z Yan, L Schaffer, W Lu, G J Stewart, D M Mosser, J A Myers, T E Maione
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND It has been observed that the reversal of heparin anticoagulation in humans by protamine sulfate (PS) results in various adverse reactions including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, activation of complement, increased vascular permeability, systemic hypotension, pulmonary vasoconstriction, and pulmonary edema. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and effects of native platelet factor 4 (PF4) and recombinant platelet factor 4 (rPF4) with those of PS in heparin neutralization in vivo, using a rat model. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and the right femoral vein and carotid artery were cannulated. For determination of activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet count, white blood cell count, and complement titer, arterial blood samples were taken before and immediately after heparin (10 units/100 g) infusion and at several time points after the infusion of the neutralizing agent (PS, 0.1 mg/100 g; PF4, 0.5 mg/100 g). In separate groups of animals, mean arterial blood pressure was monitored throughout identical protocols and the lungs were prepared for histological examination. The anticoagulant activity of heparin was effectively reversed by all of the neutralizing agents (PS, PF4, and rPF4). Platelet count (48% of initial), white blood cell count (52% of initial), complement titer (60% of initial), and mean arterial pressure (20% decrease) decreased significantly in heparinized animals receiving PS but not in those receiving PF4 or rPF4. Lung interstitium appeared normal when heparin was followed by PF4; however, interstitial edema and hemorrhage were observed with heparin-PS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that PF4 efficiently reverses heparin anticoagulation in the rat without the adverse effects of heparin-protamine complexes. Therefore, rPF4 may be an appropriate substitute for PS in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and other procedures that require heparin anticoagulation.
Effects of Exposure to 0.06 ppm Ozone on FEV <sub>1</sub> in Humans: A Secondary Analysis of Existing Data
Authors: James S. Brown, Thomas F. Bateson, William F. McDonnell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Ozone is a potent photochemical oxidant that produces transient, reversible decrements in the lung function of acutely exposed individuals. A recent study provided previously unavailable clinical data for 30 healthy young adults exposed to O(3) at 0.06 ppm. That study showed significant effects of 0.08 ppm on lung function, confirming the findings of others. However, exposure to 0.06 ppm O(3) was not reported to significantly affect lung function.We conducted this analysis to reevaluate the existing lung function data of the volunteers previously exposed to 0.06 ppm O(3).We obtained pre- and postexposure data on forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)) for all subjects who were previously exposed for 6.6 hr to filtered air or to 0.06 ppm or 0.08 ppm O(3). We used standard statistical methods appropriate for paired comparisons to reanalyze FEV(1) responses after exposure to 0.06 ppm O(3) relative to filtered air.Controlling for filtered air responses, 24 of the 30 subjects experienced an O(3)-induced decrement in FEV(1). On average, 0.06 ppm O(3) exposure caused a 2.85% reduction in FEV(1) (p < 0.002), which was consistent with the predicted FEV(1) response from existing models. Although the average response was small, two subjects had > 10% FEV(1) decrements.Exposure to 0.06 ppm O(3) causes a biologically small but highly statistically significant decrease in mean FEV(1) responses of young healthy adults.
Young Adults With Diabetes
Authors: Howard A. Wolpert, Barbara J. Anderson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The results of the study reported by Bryden and et al. (1) in this issue of Diabetes Care present a sobering perspective on the challenges and lost opportunities faced during the transition of adolescents with diabetes to early adulthood. As highlighted by these findings, young adults with diabetes are a forgotten group, whose special needs seem to fall outside the primary focus of both pediatric and adult medicine (2). Many challenges are confronted at this critical transition when young adults take over the responsibility for their own self-care (3). The adult medicine culture is generally less forgiving of the behavioral and developmental struggles of the patient, and this can be unsettling to some young adults. In addition, many parents are unnerved by the, often abrupt, change in their role when their child “graduates” from the care of the more family-focused pediatric environment. The overwhelming changes in the first phase of the young-adult period (including graduating from high school, moving away from home, beginning new educational directions, and beginning to work and to be self-supporting) are often a distraction from the demands of managing diabetes. However, later, the developmental focus shifts toward making choices and plans about relationships, work directions, and lifestyle behaviors. This second phase of the young-adult period, when the life-long routines of self-care are set, can present a window of opportunity for the provider to intervene and to influence habits that will help to …
Neurosis and Obesity
Authors: Alfred Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Several issues are involved in Dr. Vaisrub's EDITORIAL, "Psychoneurosis and Obesity—The Hen and Egg Dilemma" (230:591, 1974). The two articles discussed (Glucksman et al<sup>1</sup>and Solow et al<sup>2</sup>) had to do with extremely obese patients, not with the common over-weight patient encountered daily in every doctor's office. What is crucial is the recognition that overeating per se is usually associated with a primary psychological problem, partially dealt with by this particular form of behavior. Once obesity has been established, a host of secondary psychological reactions occur in response to the new enlarged body image and to the changed attitudes of those with whom the obese person interacts. It may well be that intestinal bypass surgery as reported by Solow et al is effective for two reasons: (1) The patient can continue to eat as much as he or she wishes, thus partially dealing with whatever
Experience in treating molluscum contagiosum in children with imiquimod 5% cream
Authors: C. Bayerl, G. Feller, S. Goerdt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Experience in treating molluscum contagiosum in children with imiquimod 5% cream Get access C. Bayerl, C. Bayerl Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Mannheim University Clinic, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1‐3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany Christiane Bayerl E‐mail: christiane.bayerl@haut.ma.uni‐heidelberg.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Feller, G. Feller Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Mannheim University Clinic, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1‐3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Goerdt S. Goerdt Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Mannheim University Clinic, Theodor Kutzer Ufer 1‐3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue s66, 1 November 2003, Pages 25–28, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0366-077X.2003.05631.x Published: 01 November 2003