tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Application of Urine Analysis to Diagnosis and Treatment of Heroin Addiction
Authors: V. Marks, D. Fry, P. A. L. Chapple, G. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Experience with urine analysis for morphine using thin-layer chromatography in 310 cases of real or possible heroin abuse showed that it was valuable not only in detecting improper drug use but also in monitoring treatment. The results of this test can be available routinely in 24, and exceptionally in five hours. A negative result implies that the subject has taken less than 10 mg. of heroin in the past 24 hours.
Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced colitis in the guinea-pig: studies of colonic lamina propria lymphocytes.
Authors: M E Glick, Z M Falchuk
Journal: Gut (1981)

Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced colitis in guinea-pigs may be immunologically mediated: animals must be presensitised to dinitrochlorobenzene to develop colitis, sensitivity can be passively transferred by lymphocytes and the injury can be mitigated by immunosuppression. In this study, we examined lamina propria lymphocytes isolated from colons of animals with dinitrochlorobenzene-induced colitis, and appropriate controls. Lamina propria lymphocytes from colitis animals have a greater percentage of rabbit erythrocyte-rosetting cells (T cells) (20.1 +/- 3.0 vs 2.3 +/- 0.8, p less than .01) and a greater capacity to mediate mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity with phytohaemagglutinin than lamina propria lymphocytes from normal colon (% specific cytoxicity = 29.4 +/- 8.7 vs 5.0 +/- 4.5, P less than .005). There was no difference in the percentage of rosetting cells or cytotoxicity index of spleen or mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes between the colitis animals and controls. These data suggest that there are changes in the distribution and functional characteristics of lamina propria lymphocytes which correlate with mucosal cell injury in the dinitrochlorobenzene-colitis model.
SHORT- AND LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RESCUE PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION COMPARED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: William Chan, David J. Clark, Andrew E. Ajani, Nick Andrianopoulos, Angela L. Brennan, Christopher M. Reid, Thomas Yip, James A. Shaw, Anthony M. Dart, Stephen J. Duffy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Possible defense against common cold: 'block that cellular receptor site'
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2281: Signaling from lysosomes to mitochondria sensitizes head and neck cancer cells to photodynamic treatment: Role of mitoferrin 2
Authors: Hsin-I Hung, John J. Lemasters, Anna-Liisa Nieminen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves activation by light of a photosensitizer in a tissue, resulting in singlet oxygen formation and cell death. The aim of this study was to investigate the interactions between lysosomes and mitochondria in promoting PDT killing of head and neck cancer cells. Three head and neck cancer cell lines (UMSCC1, UMSCC14 and UMSCC22) were subjected to PDT with Pc 4, a mitochondria-targeted photosensitizer. After comparable Pc 4-PDT, cell killing was greater in UMSCC22 than UMSCC1 or UMSCC14 cells. Pc 4-PDT caused 85% cell killing in UMSCC22 cells compared to 20% killing in UMSCC1 or UMSCC14 cells. In non-erythroid cells, mitoferrin 2 (Mfrn2) is an iron transporter in the mitochondrial inner membrane, and PDT-sensitive UMSCC22 cells expressed &amp;gt;5 times higher Mfrn2 protein levels compared to PDT-resistant UMSCC1 and UMSCC14 cells as determined by Western blotting. Bafilomycin, an inhibitor of the vacuolar proton pump of lysosomes and endosomes enhanced Pc 4-PDTcytoxicity. Mfrn2 protein overexpression in low Mfrn2 expressing cells enhanced sensitivity to Pc 4-PDT plus bafilomycin. Conversely, knocking down (90% knock down) Mfrn2 by siRNA decreased cells’ sensitivity to the Pc 4-PDT plus bafilomycin treatment. Iron chelators (desferrioxamine and starch-desferrioxamine) and the inhibitor of the mitochondrial calcium (and ferrous iron) uniporter, Ru360, protected against PDT plus bafilomycin treatment from Pc 4- mitochondria-mediated cell killing. In conclusion, the data suggest that lysosomal iron release and mitochondrial iron uptake through Mfrn2 act synergistically to induce PDT-induced cell killing. Furthermore, Mfrn2 represents a possible biomarker in predicting efficacy of the PDT treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2281. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2281
Mononuclear phagocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: Fc-receptor expression by peripheral blood monocytes.
Authors: S D Carter, J T Bourne, C J Elson, C W Hutton, R Czudek, P A Dieppe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Fc receptor expression by enriched monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and age and sex matched controls (healthy subjects) was compared by measuring the uptake of IgG on monocytes in a competitive radioassay. The association constant (Ka) between IgG and the monocytes and the number of Fc binding sites per cell was calculated from Scatchard plots of 4 degrees C binding data. RA monocytes had increased expression of Fc receptors as compared with those of controls. This increase was particularly pronounced in those RA patients affected by extra-articular disease. There were significant correlations between the numbers of Fc receptors on monocytes and both C1q binding and anticomplementary activity but none between monocyte Fc receptor numbers and serum rheumatoid factors (IgG and IgM). It is considered that monocyte handling of circulating immune complexes is unimpaired in RA and that monocytes make an adaptive response to increased levels of immune complexes.
CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHER BACTERIA AND FUNGUS-LIKE STREPTOTHRICES
Authors: Robert N. Nye
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor:  —To at least one individual interested in diseases produced by the higher bacteria or molds and pathogenic yeastlike fungi, articles dealing with such subjects frequently add little to medical knowledge but do contribute to the confusion that already exists.  This is due, in some instances, to the failure of many authors to recognize and evaluate the ubiquity of such organisms. It is well recognized that the higher bacteria and fungi are widely distributed in nature and can be recovered from the sputum and stools of many normal individuals. Furthermore, by far the majority of species which have been isolated are nonpathogenic for laboratory animals and for man. Pathogenic strains of yeastlike fungi can be recovered from normal individuals ( Centralbl. f. Bakt. , part 1, 103 :94, 1927; Am. J. M. Sc.  175 :153 [Feb.] 1928), and it seems likely that a decrease in bodily resistance, general (due to
Global Health at the Crossroads
Authors: David Satcher
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation of cerebral blood flow in chronic respiratory insufficiency.
Authors: B Ekstrom-Jodal, E Haggendal
Journal: Thorax (1969)

Societyreceptor function and importance in states of chronic hypoxia.Microanatomy of Glomic Tissue of the Pulmonary Trunk C. W. EDWARDS The microanatomical structure and cytology of glomic tissue of the pulmonary trunk in man and animals.
CLINICAL EXPERIENCES WITH ETHYLENE-OXYGEN ANESTHESIA
Authors: ARNO B. LUCKHARDT
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Several months ago, a preliminary report was published on the use of ethylene gas as an anesthetic in a series of 106 operative cases.1A previous report presented a rather detailed study of the physiologic action of the gas on the usual laboratory animals, including a number of normal men.2Since that time the number of operations performed at the Presbyterian Hospital, Chicago, has risen to some 800. In the preliminary communication on the clinical phases of the work, certain important facts received no mention at all, and others were ascertained only as the work progressed. Our attention was furthermore called3to some earlier literature on ethylene which we had overlooked in spite of what we considered a thorough search.4These reasons have prompted us to issue this report.  LITERATURE  Before presenting the reader with a brief chronological report on the real and alleged studies on
Glycoprotein synthesis and secretion by cultured small intestinal mucosa in coeliac disease.
Authors: J E Crabtree, R V Heatley, M S Losowsky
Journal: Gut (1989)

Glycoprotein biosynthesis by jejunal mucosa was examined during culture in vitro in 26 patients with coeliac disease and 19 controls. The incorporation rates of tritiated glucosamine into tissue and secreted glycoproteins were determined using established techniques. The total glucosamine incorporation in untreated coeliac patients was significantly greater than that of histologically normal mucosa (p less than 0.001) and jejunal tissue from patients with treated coeliac disease (p less than 0.01). Enhanced secretion of in vitro labelled glycoproteins was observed in untreated coeliac patients. The total incorporation of tritiated glucosamine in intestinal tissues was correlated with goblet cell numbers. These results indicate that quantitative changes in glycoprotein synthesis and secretion occur in coeliac disease.
Enhancing the Feasibility of Large Cohort Studies
Authors: Teri A. Manolio, Rory Collins
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cancer survival rates are improving but regional disparities remain across England
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Cancer survival rates across England have improved by up to 10% for people diagnosed between 2001 and 2006 compared with a decade earlier, new figures show. But regional differences have persisted.

The figures, based on data from the National Cancer Registry, include all adults (aged 15 to 99 years) in England diagnosed with a first, primary, invasive cancer. They demonstrate improved one and five year relative survival of between 3% and 10% for cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, colon, lung, and breast for adults diagnosed during 2001-6 compared with 1991-5. Relative survival reports survival …
A Genetic Risk Factor for Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep
Authors: Hreinn Stefansson, David B. Rye, Andrew Hicks, Hjorvar Petursson, Andres Ingason, Thorgeir E. Thorgeirsson, Stefan Palsson, Thordur Sigmundsson, Albert P. Sigurdsson, Ingibjorg Eiriksdottir, Emilia Soebech, Donald Bliwise, Joseph M. Beck, Ami Rosen, Salina Waddy, Lynn M. Trotti, Alex Iranzo, Madhav Thambisetty, Gudmundur A. Hardarson, Kristleifur Kristjansson, Larus J. Gudmundsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Augustine Kong, Jeffrey R. Gulcher, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Kari Stefansson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

The restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurologic disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs. It is a major cause of sleep disruption. Periodic limb movements in sleep are detectable in most patients with RLS and represent an objective physiological metric.To search for sequence variants contributing to RLS, we performed a genomewide association study and two replication studies. To minimize phenotypic heterogeneity, we focused on patients with RLS who had objectively documented periodic limb movements in sleep. We measured serum ferritin levels, since iron depletion has been associated with the pathogenesis of RLS.In an Icelandic discovery sample of patients with RLS and periodic limb movements in sleep, we observed a genomewide significant association with a common variant in an intron of BTBD9 on chromosome 6p21.2 (odds ratio, 1.8; P=2x10(-9)). This association was replicated in a second Icelandic sample (odds ratio, 1.8; P=4x10(-4)) and a U.S. sample (odds ratio, 1.5; P=4x10(-3)). With this variant, the population attributable risk of RLS with periodic limb movements was approximately 50%. An association between the variant and periodic limb movements in sleep without RLS (and the absence of such an association for RLS without periodic limb movements) suggests that we have identified a genetic determinant of periodic limb movements in sleep (odds ratio, 1.9; P=1x10(-17)). Serum ferritin levels were decreased by 13% per allele of the at-risk variant (95% confidence interval, 5 to 20; P=0.002).We have discovered a variant associated with susceptibility to periodic limb movements in sleep. The inverse correlation of the variant with iron stores is consistent with the suspected involvement of iron depletion in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Salvage Cryotherapy for Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Radiotherapy: Variables Affecting Patient Outcome
Authors: Jonathan I. Izawa, Lydia T. Madsen, Shellie M. Scott, Jean-Paul Tran, Edward J. McGuire, Andrew C. von Eschenbach, Louis L. Pisters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine the long-term disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates after salvage cryotherapy for locally recurrent adenocarcinoma of the prostate and to identify pretreatment factors that have an impact on DSS and DFS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between July 1992 and January 1995, 131 patients who had received definitive radiation therapy (XRT) underwent salvage cryotherapy for locally recurrent adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Cryotherapy failure was defined as an increasing postcryotherapy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of ≥ 2 ng/mL above the postcryotherapy nadir, a positive prostate biopsy, or radiographic evidence of metastatic disease. Clinical variables were studied to determine whether there was an association with the DSS and DFS. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 4.8 years. The 5-year DSS rates were 87% for patients with a precryotherapy Gleason score ≤ 8 and 63% for those with Gleason scores of 9 and 10 (P = .012). The 5-year DFS rates were 57% for patients with a precryotherapy PSA level of ≤ 10 ng/mL and 23% for those with a PSA level greater than 10 ng/mL (P = .0004). The 5-year DSS rates for patients with a pre-XRT clinical stage of T1 to T2 and those with a clinical stage of T3 to T4 were 94% and 72%, respectively (P = .0041). The 5-year DFS rates for these groups were 90% and 69%, respectively (P = .0057). CONCLUSION: Androgen-independent local recurrences, Gleason score, and pre-XRT clinical stage were important factors that had an impact on DSS and DFS. The subset of patients cured by salvage cryotherapy seems to be small, and patient selection is important.
Lower Levels of Sodium Intake and Reduced Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Nancy R. Cook, Lawrence J. Appel, Paul K. Whelton
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Recent studies have raised the possibility of adverse effects of low sodium, particularly &lt;2300 mg/d, on cardiovascular disease; however, these paradoxical findings might have resulted from suboptimal measurement of sodium and potential biases related to indication or reverse causation. Methods and Results— Phases 1 and 2 of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) collected multiple 24-hour urine specimens among prehypertensive individuals. During extended posttrial surveillance, 193 cardiovascular events or cardiovascular disease deaths occurred among 2275 participants not in a sodium reduction intervention with 10 (TOHP II) or 15 (TOHP I) years of posttrial follow-up. Median sodium excretion was 3630 mg/d, with 1.4% of the participants having intake &lt;1500 mg/d and 10% &lt;2300 mg/d, consistent with national levels. Compared with those with sodium excretion of 3600 to &lt;4800 mg/d, risk for those with sodium &lt;2300 mg/d was 32% lower after multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.34–1.37; P for trend=0.13). There was a linear 17% increase in risk per 1000 mg/d increase in sodium ( P =0.05). Spline curves supported a linear association of sodium with cardiovascular events, which continued to decrease from 3600 to 2300 and 1500 mg/d, although the data were sparse at the lowest levels. Controlling for creatinine levels had little effect on these results. Conclusions— Results from the TOHP studies, which overcome the major methodological challenges of prior studies, are consistent with overall health benefits of reducing sodium intake to the 1500 to 2300 mg/d range in the majority of the population, in agreement with current dietary guidelines.
Cholesterol reduces the effects of dihydroxy bile acids and fatty acids on water and solute transport in the human jejunum.
Authors: S L Broor, T Slota, H V Ammon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Jejunal perfusion studies were performed in 16 healthy volunteers to test the hypothesis that intraluminal cholesterol can mitigate the fluid secretion induced by dihydroxy bile acids and fatty acids. Fluid secretion in the presence of 5 mM taurodeoxycholate was somewhat reduced by 4 mM mono-olein which was used for the solubilization of cholesterol. Addition of 0.8 mM cholesterol reduced fluid secretion further (P less than 0.05). Fluid secretion induced by 4 mM oleic acid was changed to net absorption in a linear fashion with increasing cholesterol concentration in the perfusion solutions. 1 mM cholesterol reduced fluid secretion induced by 6 mM oleic acid (P less than 0.005), but had no effect on fluid secretion induced by 6 mM linolenic acid. Glucose absorption was generally affected in a similar manner as water transport. In vitro, 1 mM cholesterol reduced monomer activity of 6 mM oleic acid to 72.3 +/- 0.9% of control and that of linolenic acid to 81.1 +/- 1.7% of control. Although statistically significant (P less than 0.001), the difference in the effects of cholesterol on monomer activities of the two fatty acids was rather small and it is unlikely that changes in monomer concentration of fatty acids and bile acids account for the protective effect of cholesterol. The in vivo observations point to a new physiological role for biliary cholesterol: the modification of the response of the small intestine to the effects of dihydroxy bile acids and fatty acids.