tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Five- to Eight-year Results of Truncal Vagotomy and Pyloroplasty for Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: J. C. Goligher, C. N. Pulvertaft, T. T. Irvin, D. Johnston, B. Walker, R. A. Hall, J. Willson-Pepper, T. S. Matheson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

From January 1963 to December 1965 inclusive 192 men with duodenal ulcer were treated by elective truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty with one death. Ten subsequent deaths were due to causes unrelated to the ulcer or operation, and 17 patients became untraceable. The remaining 164 patients have been followed up for five to eight years. The late results have been compared with those obtained in a previous study of patients five to eight years after truncal vagotomy and gastroenterostomy, truncal vagotomy and antrectomy, and subtotal gastrectomy respectively for duodenal ulcer. Of the various postgastric operation syndromes early dumping, late dumping, bilious vomiting, and diarrhoea were all less frequent, but not significantly so, after vagotomy and pyloroplasty than after vagotomy and gastroenterostomy. Recurrent ulceration was commoner after vagotomy and pyloroplasty than after all the other operations, the incidence of proved and suspected recurrent ulcers being respectively 6·7 and 7·3% after vagotomy and pyloroplasty, but only 2·5 and 5·9% after vagotomy and gastroenterostomy, 0 and 5·2% after vagotomy and antrectomy, and 0·9 and 3·7% after subtotal gastrectomy. The differences between vagotomy and pyloroplasty and vagotomy and antrectomy or subtotal gastrectomy are statistically significant, but those between vagotomy and pyloroplasty and vagotomy and gastroenterostomy are not. Overall assessment (Visick grading) of the outcome gave poorer results after vagotomy and pyloroplasty than after any other operation, with 14% of category IV cases after vagotomy and pyloroplasty, 11% after vagotomy and gastroenterostomy, 8% after vagotomy and antrectomy, and 6% after subtotal gastrectomy—differences that are significant between vagotomy and pyloroplasty and vagotomy and antrectomy or subtotal gastrectomy but not between vagotomy and pyloroplasty and vagotomy and gastroenterostomy. In the light of these findings it is suggested that truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty has not lived up to expectations and its place as the currently most popular procedure in the elective surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer should be reconsidered.
Transferrin receptor recycling in rat hepatocytes is regulated by protein phosphatase 2A, possibly through effects on microtubule-dependent transport
Authors: M Runnegar, X Wei, N Berndt, S F Hamm-Alvarez
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

To understand the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis in hepatocytes, we have used two specific inhibitors of serine-threonine protein phosphatases (PP), microcystin (MCYST) and okadaic acid (OKA) as probes to alter protein phosphorylation in hepatocytes. We have then examined the impact of these changes on the specific binding and uptake of transferrin (Tf) in hepatocytes. The measurement of PP activity in hepatocyte lysates showed that OKA and MCYST shared a common inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Our results showed that both OKA (250 nmol/L) and MCYST (500 nmol/L) significantly reduced Tf uptake at steady state ( P ≤ .05). The measurement of Tf internalization after 15 minutes in protein phosphatase inhibitor-pretreated cells revealed that the initial uptake was also significantly reduced. Binding studies showed that pretreatment with either of the phosphatase inhibitors did not result in significant changes in the K d for Tf binding to transferrin receptor (TfR). Additionally, no significant changes in the number of TfR in the plasma membrane were observed in phosphatase inhibitor-pretreated cells. The treatment of hepatocytes with nocodazole (NOC), which results in microtubule disassembly and inhibition of microtubule-based vesicle transport, caused comparable reductions in initial and steady state levels of transferrin accumulation. The changes in transferrin accumulation by both phosphatase inhibitors and nocodazole were accompanied by redistribution of the microtubule-anchored Golgi apparatus and lysosomal network from the perinuclear region to the cell periphery. Our data show that the regulation of Tf uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis is mediated by PP2A and additionally may occur through regulation of microtubule-based vesicle transport.
Arteriovenous Fistula From Drug Abuse
Authors: Patricia Gabow
Journal: JAMA (1976)

MAJOR surgical complications of intravascular drug abuse, including phlebitis, false aneurysm, and arterial thrombosis, have been reported from this<sup>1</sup>and other institutions.<sup>2,3</sup>Among the major medical problems is an increased incidence of chronic renal disease.<sup>4,5</sup>The unfortunate combination of renal failure and peripheral vascular damage is particularly detrimental to vascular access for longterm hemodialysis. We have seen yet another vascular complication, an arteriovenous fistula of the antecubital fossa that prompted the immediate failure of a Scribner hemodialysis shunt placed in the ipsilateral wrist. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 24-year-old man was hospitalized in January 1974, for shortness of breath, fatigue, epistaxis, and syncopal attacks. An episode of hematuria had occurred at the age of 9 years when he was told he had Bright disease. At the age of 17 years, he was rejected for military duty because of proteinuria. He admitted to repeated intravenous use of amphetamines,
Mild Myocardial Infarction
Authors: JOHN W. STARR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1977Mild Myocardial InfarctionJOHN W. STARR, M.D., J. FRED MCNEER, M.D., RAYMOND E. IDEKER, M.D., GALEN S. WAGNER, M.D.JOHN W. STARR, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. FRED MCNEER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RAYMOND E. IDEKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GALEN S. WAGNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-87-1-118 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with great interest the review by Madias and Gorlin, "The Myth of Acute 'Mild' Myocardial Infarction" (Ann Intern Med 86:347-352, 1977). We agree with their conclusion that the standard electrocardiogram alone is a very insensitive means of diagnosing old or acute myocardial infarction and assessing the severity of that infarction in terms of early or late prognosis. This is certainly an important concept. Certain other points, however, need to be made.First, there is no reference to the superior sensitivity of the vectorcardiogram in detecting QRS changes and extent of infarction (1, 2). As stated...References1. STARR J, WAGNER G, and DRAFFIN R: Vectorcardiographic criteria for the diagnosis of anterior myocardial infarction. Circulation 53:229-234, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. YOUNG E, COHN P, and GORLIN R: Vectorcardiographic diagnosis and electrocardiographic correlation in left ventricular asynergy due to coronary artery disease. Circulation 51:467-476, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MCNEER J, WALLACE A, and WAGNER G: The course of acute myocardial infarction: feasibility of early discharge in the uncomplicated patient. Circulation 51:410-413, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SAVAGE R, WAGNER G, and IDEKER R: Correlation of postmortem anatomic findings with electrocardiographic changes in patients with myocardial infarction. Circulation 55:279-285, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. DURRER D, VAN LIER A, and BÜLLER J: Epicardial and intramural excitation in chronic. Am Heart J 68:765-776, 1964 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN W. STARR, M.D.; J. FRED MCNEER, M.D.; RAYMOND E. IDEKER, M.D.; GALEN S. WAGNER, M.D.Affiliations: Departments of Medicine and Pathology Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC 27710 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byExamination of the Influence of Heat Treatment on the Properties of AI-Si Alloys 1 July 1977Volume 87, Issue 1Page: 118-119KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionElectrocardiographyInfarctionMyocardial infarction ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1977 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract A13: Selective role of iNOS reveals its negative regulatory influence on the expression of TNFR1, NF-κB and other cell survival signaling events during a P19-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells
Authors: Fayaz Malik
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract P19, a semi-synthetic analog of sesquiterpene lactone ‘Parthenin’, is a promising template to develop into novel anti-cancer leads. P19 induced robust cell death in human leukemia cell lines compared to normal cells when observed after 48h treatment with IC50 of 3.5 μM in HL-60 cells to that of 35 μM in human normal gingival fibroblast cells. Mechanistic studies into HL-60 cells death after 6 h exposure to 10 μM P19 were investigated. It killed cells by apoptosis consequent to robust generation of NO through enhanced expression of iNOS. N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and s-methyl isothiourea (sMIT) suppressed apoptosis equipotently by inhibiting endogenous NO formation. P19 disrupted mitochondrial functions by altering Bax/Bcl2 ratio, cytosolic Bid loss, Drp1 over expression, Bax and cytochrome c translocation leading predominantly to caspase-9 activation. P19 also translocated AIF from mitochondria to the nucleus which may further potentiate caspases-independent cell death, because pan caspase inhibitor offered incomplete protection. On the contrary, activation of caspase-8 was augmented with concomitant selective enhanced expression of apical death receptor DR4 rather than TNFR1 and FASR. Activation of pre-executioner caspases positively regulated the activation of caspase-3 leading to PARP-1 cleavage and therefore, DNA fragmentation. Down-regulation of activator TNFR1 and transactivator PARP-1 of NF-κB with attendant decreased expression of both the subunits p50 and p65 of NF-κB argue against the plausible involvement of NF-κB as a transcription factor in the induction of iNOS. Further, P19 potently inhibited pro-survival proteins pSTAT-3 and survivin that are overtly expressed in cancer cells. The multimodal proapoptotic features of P19 raises its potential usefulness as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):A13
On Some Forms of Disease Arising from the Retention of Decayed Teeth
Authors: J. C. Clendon
Journal: BMJ (1858)

the purpose of reaching a polypus situated in the pharynx and attached to the base of the skull.The patient's present condition is in all respects most satisfactory.The wounds have healed, leaving comparatively little deformity, and (as far as we had the opportunity of observing) no paralysis of the face.The large gap in the hard palate has contracted to a hole large enough to admit the point of the finger.This, of course, makes the articulation at present imperfect, but can be easily closed by an obturator.It seems to occasion no other inconvenience, and the patient is well niourished, and appears quite cured.LONDON HOSPITAL.
DIET IN THE ETIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE SKIN
Authors: WALTER G. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1895)

in his careful paper, has dealt fully with the kinds of food which appear to have a tendency to induce individual skin diseases, and with the forms of cutaneous disease which may be considered to be influenced or caused by a particular dietary or by special elements in our food, and he has given us useful hints upon treatment.The few remarks which I shall offer to you may be taken as complementary to his.I propose to dwell rather upon the limitations of our knowledge, and the imperfection of our data, in the hope that clearer views may emerge from our discussion.Let me, in the first instance, ask, '' Have we any certain or exact scientific knowledge of the influence of diet in the causation of diseases of the skin ?"The belief in the potency of this influence is universal with the laity, and widely acknowledged by the profession generally.But the practice of physicians is partly traditional, and is, unfortunately, not always based upon real conviction or sound knowledge, and many circumstances conspire to tempt them to give formal advice which rests upon a, slender foundation.The present opportunity seems 8 VOL.VII.
Myra Lord (nee Wharf)
Authors: S. Lord
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultant anaesthetist Kidderminster General Hospital and Worcester Royal Infirmary (b Chesterfield 1936; q Royal Free Hospital, London, 1960; DObst RCOG, FFARCS), died from asthma on 29 January 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Myra won a scholarship to the Royal Free. She trained in anaesthetics at St Mary's Hospital, following her husband, also an anaesthetist, to Scotland and then to Worcestershire. She had the ability to put patients at their ease, and was calm and professional in a crisis. Myra enjoyed competitive bridge, skiing, and entertaining friends and family. She leaves a husband, Peter, and three children.
Evaluation of serum biomarkers of fibrosis and injury in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Gamal Esmat, Mohamed Metwally, Khalid R. Zalata, Shahinaz Gadalla, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid, Amr Abouzied, Abdel-Aziz Shaheen, Maissa El-Raziky, Hani Khatab, Sherif El-Kafrawy, Nabiel Mikhail, Laurence S. Magder, Nezam H. Afdhal, G. Thomas Strickland
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
The New Fraternity
Authors: Barbara Coe Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Anent the editorial, "<i>et al</i>, The New Fraternity" in the May 11 issue ofThe Journal(<b>184</b>:497), perhaps a further deterrent to the obnoxious practice of extreme multiple authorship will be offered if the medical profession is made aware of the new practice which will be followed from 1964 on by the National Library of Medicine in preparing<i>Index Medicus</i>. A maximum of three names will appear in the printed<i>Index Medicus</i>with appropriate cross references to the first author. When four or more are involved, authors' names will be fed into the<i>Medlars</i>computer system but will not appear in print. I am not quite sure whether the new policy means that no name except that of the first author will appear (followed, no doubt, by et al) when there are more than three, or whether the first three (followed by et al) will appear.
A Course in Medical Economics.
Authors: E. Fletcher Ingals
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Chicago, Jan. 25, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, Jan. 19, 1907, pages 228 and 246, I saw an editorial and a report on the value of a course in medical economics. I think it is a fine idea and hope it may be pressed so that all the schools may institute such a course. I may suggest, however, that there is no compact literature on the subject, and I doubt very much whether in any college a man can be found capable of giving a connected course on the various subjects embraced in the recommendation of the House of Delegates. A literature ought to be made and this would require many contributions from many people. I think that if a section on this subject could be established in the American Medical Association, it might bring out the best information of the profession and individual ideas would, from the
Trichophyton Allergy: Role in Asthma, Rhinitis and Urticaria/Angioedema
Authors: R.D.R. Oliveira, M. Thiesen, F.R. Oliveira, A.S. Zampolo, M.C. Rodrigues, L.R. Roberti, L. Arruda
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF STENT THROMBOSIS UP TO 7 YEARS FOLLOW-UP FOLLOWING DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION IN UNSELECTED PATIENTS WITH COMPLEX CORONARY LESIONS TREATED IN THE REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE - A SUBANALYSIS FROM THE DRUG-ELUTING STENT IN THE REAL WORLD “DESIRE” REGISTRY
Authors: Ricardo A. Costa, Amanda Sousa, Adriana Moreira, J. Ribamar Costa, Galo Maldonado, Manuel Cano, Fausto Feres, Luiz A. Mattos, Rodolfo Staico, Alexandre Abizaid, Cantídio Campos, Mariana T. Carballo, Otávio Berwanger, J. Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Premedication for Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Comparative Study of Flunitrazepam, Diazepam and Neuroleptanalgesia
Authors: W. Nimmo, J. Forrest, R. Heading, N. Finlayson, L Prescott
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

Flunitrazepam or diazepam with atropine and a combination of phenoperidine, droperidol and cyclizine (neuroleptanalgesia) were compared as premedication in three groups of 25 patients undergoing routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Drug doses were titrated carefully against response and all three regimes were found to be similar in terms of safety, patient co-operation, relaxation and speed of recovery. Neuroleptanalgesia however produced a statistically significant rise in endtidal pCO2 and systolic blood pressure. The benzodiazepines, and in particular flunitrazepam, produced a significantly greater amnesia for the procedure, patients given these drugs being more willing to undergo repeat endoscopy.
Risk—the game of life
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2005)

I t was 1976, and I was 9 years old. My teeth were chattering so hard I thought that one of them would surely come loose. On the boat to the mainland the swirling wind whipped my hair into my eyes. My sopping wet Afghan coat stank like a goat, and my beads rattled as I shivered in convulsions. Why on earth had my mother moved to Orkney, and why did my father live 700 miles away in London? This was the first of many trips that I would make over the next 10 years. I wasn't alone; also travelling were my three brothers, aged 7, 10, and (our leader) 12.

The train trip was incredibly dull. Caithness looked like a nuclear test site, Inverness was a metaphor for dreariness, and our beef paste sandwiches smelled of fish. It wasn't until the oil workers got on the train to go home to Glasgow that things brightened up. They took pity on us: four English hippy kids whose only entertainment was kicking …
Canonical BMP signaling is dispensable for hematopoietic stem cell function in both adult and fetal liver hematopoiesis, but essential to preserve colon architecture
Authors: Sofie Singbrant, Göran Karlsson, Mats Ehinger, Karin Olsson, Pekka Jaako, Ken-ichi Miharada, Matthias Stadtfeld, Thomas Graf, Stefan Karlsson
Journal: Blood (2010)
C. A. Stephens (1844–1931) — Popular Author and Prophet of Gerontology
Authors: Gerald J. Gruman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

QUITE a few doctors are old enough to remember when C. A. Stephens was one of the best-known and most-loved American authors. But few indeed know that the popular writer for the Youth's Companion was a physician himself and a scientific thinker of great originality (Figure 1).Charles Asbury Stephens was born near Norway, Maine, on October 21, 1844.1 2 3 He was the only child of a devout Methodist couple. Both his parents came from vigorous and successful farming families, and his great-grandfather, a hardy pioneer, had been the first settler in the Norway area.Stephens grew up in the years . . .
Reversal of Atrial Mechanical Stunning After Cardioversion of Atrial Arrhythmias
Authors: Prashanthan Sanders, Joseph B. Morton, John G. Morgan, Neil C. Davidson, Steven J. Spence, Jitendra K. Vohra, Jonathan M. Kalman, Paul B. Sparks
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Atrial mechanical stunning develops on termination of chronic atrial arrhythmias and is implicated in the genesis of thromboembolic complications after cardioversion. The mechanisms responsible for atrial mechanical stunning are unknown. The effects of atrial rate, isoproterenol, and calcium on atrial mechanical function in patients with atrial stunning have not been evaluated, and it is not known if atrial stunning can be reversed.Thirty-five patients with chronic atrial flutter (AFL) undergoing radiofrequency ablation were studied. Fifteen patients in sinus rhythm undergoing ablation for paroxysmal AFL were studied as control for effects of the procedure. Left atrial appendage emptying velocities (LAAEVs) and spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (LASEC) were assessed by transesophageal echocardiography during AFL, after reversion to sinus rhythm, during atrial pacing at cycle lengths of 750 to 250 ms, after a postpacing pause, and with isoproterenol or calcium. With termination of AFL, LAAEV decreased from 59.0+/-3.7 cm/s to 18.8+/-1.4 cm/s (P<0.0001) and LASEC grade increased from 0.9+/-0.1 to 2.2+/-0.2 (P<0.0001). Pacing increased LAAEV to a maximum of 38.4+/-3.2 cm/s (P<0.0001) and reduced LASEC grade to 1.9+/-0.2 (P=0.005). Isoproterenol and calcium reversed atrial mechanical stunning with LAAEV increasing to 89.3+/-12.6 cm/s (P=0.0007) and 50.2+/-10.5 cm/s (P=0.005), respectively, and LASEC grade decreasing to 0.2+/-0.1 (P=0.001) and 1.4+/-0.2 (P=0.01), respectively. The postpacing pause increased LAAEV to 69.3+/-3.7 cm/s (P<0.0001). No change in LAAEV was observed in the paroxysmal AFL group.Atrial mechanical stunning can be reversed by pacing at increased rates and through the administration of isoproterenol or calcium. These findings suggest a functional contractile apparatus in the mechanically remodeled atrium as a result of chronic atrial flutter.
Meeting Newell's other challenge: Cognitive architectures as the basis for cognitive engineering
Authors: Wayne D. Gray, Michael J. Schoelles, Christopher W. Myers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

We use the Newell Test as a basis for evaluating ACT-R as an effective architecture for cognitive engineering. Of the 12 functional criteria discussed by Anderson &amp; Lebiere (A&amp;L), we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of ACT-R on the six that we postulate are the most relevant to cognitive engineering.
Why Might Thiazolidinediones Increase Exercise Capacity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Neil B. Ruderman
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Individuals with type 2 diabetes are insulin resistant and as a group have a lower exercise capacity ( V o2max) than age- and weight-matched people without diabetes (1,2). In this issue, Regensteiner et al. (3) report that rosiglitazone (RSG), a thiazolidinedione (TZD) commonly used to treat insulin resistance, also improves exercise capacity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Following 4 months of treatment with 4 mg/day RSG, the authors observed expected improvements in insulin sensitivity as determined by homeostasis model assessment and a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in 10 middle-aged men and women with type 2 diabetes. A novel finding was that RSG caused a modest but significant increase in V o2max (1.4 ml · kg−1 · min−1 or ∼7.1%). These observations raise three fundamental questions: 1 ) Why is type 2 diabetes associated with a decrease in exercise capacity? 2 ) How might TZDs, such as RSG, counteract this? and 3 ) Is the effect of RSG on exercise capacity likely to be clinically relevant?

Recent studies suggest several explanations for the decrease in V o2max in patients with type 2 diabetes. One of these is the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction. As reported by Kelley et al. and Ritov et al., (4–6) skeletal muscle of sedentary middle-aged individuals with established type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 8.0 ± 0.2%) exhibits reduced mitochondrial oxidative enzyme (succinate dehydrogenase) activity and electron transport chain capacity (rotenone-sensitive NADH:O2 oxido-reductase activity) (∼26 and 59%, respectively), smaller mitochondria, and higher intramyocellular triglyceride content than muscle of normal control subjects. Their data also suggested that subsarcolemmal mitochondria were especially affected. In addition to these …