tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
More on the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the Recurrence of Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Kurt Schutze, Enno Hentschel, Gerald Brandstatter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: We reported (Feb. 4 issue)1 on the effect of ranitidine and amoxicillin plus metronidazole on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the recurrence of duodenal ulcer within one year. Ulcers recurred in 1 of 46 patients in whom H. pylori had been eradicated, as compared with 45 of 53 in whom H. pylori persisted (2 percent vs. 85 percent, P<0.001). We now report two-year follow-up data. Endoscopy was repeated 24 months after initial therapy or if symptoms recurred. After successful eradication, reinfection with H. pylori developed in 5 of 46 patients (11 percent) within two years. This . . .
Low molecular weight dextran: a continuing cause of acute renal failure.
Authors: T G Feest
Journal: BMJ (1976)

meningitis and one of septicaemia in man caused by haemolytic streptococci.Further strains have been isolated from man by several workers, and Kloppenburg et a14 drew attention to the fact that all 15 reported cases had occurred in the Netherlands or Denmark and nearly all were of purulent meningitis.One patient kept pigs on his own premises for future processing in the factory, and the actual source of his infection was not identified.The incubation period, however, indicated that infection had resulted from his injury.Swabs from the machine and other apparatus at the factory were unobtain- able and swabs from the patient's hand wound taken the day after admission failed to grow streptococci.Most previous cases have resulted from an infected wound.Purulent arthritis is a well known complication of group R streptococcal infection in pigs but as yet has not been recorded in man.Unfortunately our patient's hip was aspirated too late in the course of his illness to isolate the infecting organism, which was presumably a streptococcus.
Force feeding at Guantanamo breaches ethics, doctors say
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Military doctors who participate in the force feeding of detainees at the US detention facility at Guantanamo Bay who are on hunger strike are breaching established medical ethics, claims a letter signed by 262 doctors and published in this week's Lancet (2006;367: 811.

The signatories, mostly from Britain, Ireland, Australia, and the United States, argue that the World Medical Association's Declarations of Tokyo and Malta specifically prohibit force feeding. The American Medical Association is a signatory to both declarations.

“Fundamental to doctors' responsibilities in attending a hunger striker is the recognition that prisoners have a right to refuse treatment,” the letter states. “The UK government …
American Cancer Society Guideline for the Early Detection of Cervical Neoplasia and Cancer
Authors: D. Saslow, C. D. Runowicz, D. Solomon, A.-B. Moscicki, R. A. Smith, H. J. Eyre, C. Cohen
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2002)

An update to the American Cancer Society (ACS) guideline regarding screening for the early detection of cervical neoplasia and cancer, based on recommendations from a formal review and recent workshop, is presented. The new screening recommendations address when to begin screening, when screening may be discontinued, whether to screen women who have had a hysterectomy, appropriate screening intervals, and new screening technologies, including liquid-based cytology and HPV DNA testing.
Generic and Trade Names Of Drugs
Authors: Mark N. Mueller
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I should like to bring to your attention an error which, although probably typographical, is misleading, with possible serious consequences. InThe Journal(<b>196</b>:651, 1966) is a discussion of "A Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agent: Indomethacin (Indocin)." At the end of the article under "Generic and Trade Names of Drugs" are listed "Phenylbutazone—<i>Butazolidin</i>." Indomethacin and phenylbutazone are, of course, two separate drugs. The dangers of prescribing phenylbutazone mistakenly when indomethacin is intended are obvious.
Abstinence Syndrome Following Glutethimide Intoxication
Authors: Frank A. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In the authors' experience, various abstinence phenomena have been associated with abrupt withdrawal of glutethimide. Two patients are reported who had convulsions and/or delirium following sudden reduction in dosage after relatively prolonged addiction. The abstinence phenomena in both patients responded dramatically to reintoxication with glutethimide followed by cautious, gradual withdrawal. Other reports of withdrawal-like phenomena following acute and chronic intoxication are reviewed and discussed. It is the authors' opinion, based on strong clinical evidence, that glutethimide, like other sedatives, can produce tolerance, habituation, and addiction in some subjects when taken in amounts greater than 2.5 gm. daily. Most careful supervision of patients who are being given this useful sedative over a prolonged period is recommended.
A CASE OF CARCINOMA OF THE SPINAL CORD.
Authors: CHARLES LEWIS ALLEN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

While carcinoma of the vertebral column is not so infrequent and may affect the spinal cord secondarily, the growth of a cancer in the cord itself is very rare and when it occurs its point of origin is usually in the meninges. Schlesinger<sup>1</sup>states that carcinoma in the interior of the vertebral canal, with the exception of that growing from the bony structures, is always secondary and very rare and that growths in the cord itself are exceedingly infrequent, having so far been found in cases of general carcinomatosis only. Spiller and Weissenburg,<sup>2</sup>in a recent review of the subject of carcinoma of the nervous system also speak of the rarity of growths in the spinal cord itself. Among the 11 cases which form the basis of their paper, there were 3 cases of cancer of the vertebral column with a fourth case presenting symptoms suggesting such involvement,
SAFETY OF RELOADING PRASUGREL IN ADDITION TO CLOPIDOGREL LOADING IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME UNDERGOING PCI
Authors: Joshua Loh, Lakshmana Pendyala, Hironori Kitabata, Salem Badr, Danny Dvir, Israel Barbash, Sa'ar Minha, Rebecca Torguson, Kenneth Kent, Lowell Satler, William Suddath, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Immune Reactions of Platelets
Authors: Mario Stefanini
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I read with interest the editorial entitled "Immune Reactions of Platelets" (<i>JAMA</i><b>178</b>:255 [Oct. 14] 1961). There is little question that platelet agglutination by serum is a nonspecific phenomenon rather than a specific and reliable indication of iso- or autoimmunization to platelets, at least in the great majority of cases (Stefanini, M., and Silverberg,<i>J. H.: Amer J Clin Path</i><b>21</b>:1030 [Nov.] 1951). More precise and reliable techniques (precipitation and complement fixation) have indicated that the demonstration of platelet agglutinins in the serum of patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura has the primary value of directing the attention of the investigator to possible immune mechanisms, which can be demonstrated more specifically by the other techniques (Stefanini, M., and Mele, R. H.:<i>Acta Haemat</i><b>20</b>:195 [July-Oct.] 1958). It would be of great value if any single criterion or laboratory test could demonstrate reliably the potential
Classification of Primary Immunodeficiencies
Authors: Max D. Cooper, W. Page Faulk, H. Hugh Fudenberg, Robert A. Good, Walter Hitzig, Henry Kunkel, Fred S. Rosen, Maxime Seligmann, John Soothill, Ralph J. Wedgwood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Primary specific immunodeficiency results from failure to manifest an efficient humoral or cellular immune response. Excluded from the definition are pure hypercatabolic states, such as protein-losing enteropathy, immunodeficiency associated with lymphopenia secondary to intestinal lymphangiectasia and immunodeficiency from exogenous causes such as x-rays and cytotoxic drugs.Immunodeficiency, often associated with malignant proliferation of the lymphoid system (myeloma, chronic lymphatic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease), is considered to be a secondary phenomenon, but the inter-relation between them is complex. Primary complement and phagocytic cell defects are not included in this editorial, which deals only with specific response deficits. The relation between immunodeficiency and . . .
Development of a Disease Specific Health-related Quality of Life (HRQOL) Questionnaire in Adults with Hereditary Angioedema due to C1 inhibitor Deficiency (HAE) in Spain (First Phase)
Authors: N. Prior, E. Remor, C. López Serrano, T. González, S. Cimbollek, M. Guilarte, D. Hernandez, M. Tejedor, M. Rubio, T. Caballero
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
The Medical Directive
Authors: Nicholas J. Hardin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> After reading the article entitled "The Medical Directive: A New Comprehensive Advance Care Document" by Drs Emanuel and Emanuel,<sup>1</sup>I would suggest an addition to their document, namely, permission for autopsy. The consideration of autopsy is similar to that of organ donation. Often, patients have not made their wishes known, and the decisions about autopsy fall to the next of kin, who is upset and may not be able to consider the matter objectively. It is my opinion that autopsy permission should be mentioned in virtually the same breath as organ donation and might reasonably follow that section on their Medical Directive form. Appropriate wording might be as follows: I understand that my organs and tissues may not be acceptable for transplantation into another person, but could still be useful for therapy, research, or medical education or as medical information that might be relevant to my
For Debate: Impotence in Farm Workers using Toxic Chemicals
Authors: M. L. E. Espir, J. W. Hall, J. G. Shirreffs, D. L. Stevens
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Four out of five members of a team of farmworkers who had been using various herbicides and pesticides in intensive agriculture became impotent. Sexual function recovered after further contact with the chemicals was stopped and hormone therapy had been given, though in one case this took about a year. We have not been able to incriminate one particular substance, but with the circumstantial evidence and the lack of any other obvious cause it seems likely that the impotence was due to the toxic effects of one or more of the chemicals being used.
Abstract A7: NOTCH 1 and NOTCH 3 expressions for early stage of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Eun Kyung Cho, Jae Hoon Lee, Seung Yeon Ha, Sanghui Park, Jae-ik Lee, Junshik Hong, Minkyu Jung, Sun Jin Sym, Jinny Park, Dong Bok Shin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Backgrounds: Notch gene Encode 300kDa single-pass transmembrane receptors. It can variously serve as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor and a repressor or inducer of terminal differentiation. It also regulates cell division, differentiation and survival of stem and/or progenital cells in wide range tissues. We examined Notch 1 and 3 to study the correlation of Notch expression and prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays were constructed. We analyzed Notch 1 and 3 by immunohistochemical stain on surgical tumor specimens. Results: Results: One hundred fifty-nine of 185 resected tissues for lung cancer (median age 62 years) were available for immunohistochemical stain. The types of tumor histology were adenocarcinoma; 54, squamous cell carcinoma:79, others;26. 121 patients were taken lobectomy and 38 were done pneumonectomy. Notch 1 and 3 receptors were detected in 119 (74.8%) and 130 (81.7%) of total 159 (M:F=114:45) tumor tissues, respectively. Notch 1 receptors showed higher expressions on squamous cell carcinoma than non-squamous cell carcinoma (58.8% vs. 37.8%, p=0.03). However, it was not correlated with sex, smoking status or advanced stages. Five year-relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 57.4 % and 59.3 % in 159 patients, respectively. Patients with any expression of Notch1 or 3 have correlated with neither RFS nor OS. 5 year OS for patients who showed Notch 3 expression were 62 % and the others were 47.8%, however, it was not statistically significant (p= 0.165). Both of their expressions were detected in 106 of 159 (66.7%) tumor tissues. Sixteen (10 %) had negative expressions in both of them. The patients with both positive expressions had the tendency of longer OS than both negative patients. Their 5 year OS were 60.8 % vs. 38.2% (p=0.068) and 5 year RFS were 56.5% vs. 49.7 % (p=0.35). Conclusions: Notch 1 showed higher expression on squamous cell carcinoma. Neither Notch 1 nor 3 have correlated with RFS or OS, but patients with both expressions had the tendency of longer overall survival.
Stephen Sebag-Montefiore
Authors: S. Sebag-Montefiore
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Doctor and psychotherapist

Stephen Sebag-Montefiore was the son of Colonel Eric Sebag-Montefiore and Audrey Haldin. His father, nicknamed Colonel Blood for his irrepressibly expletive laden stentorian boom (and for once chasing a fellow officer around the mess with a naked sword), was a landowner, soldier, and Master of Foxhounds. Stephen and his sister Sonia spent his first years in India but were brought up in a rare hybrid of Jewish and English traditions.

Born into the so called cousinhood of Jewish banking families, Sebag-Montefiore was a great great nephew of Sir Moses Montefiore, the Italian born Victorian baronet and philanthropist, who was the brother in law and partner of N M Rothschild; and great grandson of the banker Sir Joseph Sebag-Montefiore. His maternal grandparents were Sir Herbert and Lady Leon, who lived at Bletchley Park, where he often stayed …
Formation, mineralization, and resorption of bone in hypophosphatemic rats
Authors: D. Baylink, J. Wergedal, M. Stauffer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Quantitative morphologic methods were used to measure the effects of feeding a low phosphorus diet to intact and thyroparathyroidectomized rats on several processes of bone mineralization and turnover. In severely hypophosphatemic animals, the matrix formation rate was decreased, the osteoid maturation rate was decreased, which indicated a delay in the onset of mineralization, the initial rate of mineralization was decreased, and the endosteal osteoclastic bone resorption rate was increased. In moderately hypophosphatemic animals, there was a substantial increase in bone resorption but no change in formation or in mineralization. The increase in endosteal bone resorption was due to an increase in the linear rate of bone resorption and particularly to an increase in the length of the endosteal resorbing surface. The magnitude of the increase in bone resorption was similar in thyroparathyroidectomized and intact rats indicating that neither parathyroid hormone nor calcitonin is involved in this change. This, together with the finding that there was a strong negative correlation (r = -0.99) between the per cent endosteal resorbing surface and the serum phosphorus, supports the view that the increased resorption was due to hypophosphatemia. This inverse relationship between endosteal resorbing surface and serum phosphorus appeared to hold for values of serum phosphorus above normal. The resorptive response to hypophosphatemia, as previously shown for the resorptive response to excess endogenous parathyroid hormone, was partially inhibited by vitamin D deficiency. Increased resorption occurred at levels of serum phosphorus where no changes were observed in bone formation, mineralization, or growth, suggesting that this resorptive response functions as a homeostatic mechanism to maintain serum and intracellular phosphorus concentrations.
Mycobacterium gordonae Infection of a Prosthetic Aortic Valve
Authors: David C. Lohr
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A patient prviously suspected of having a mycobacterial infection was found to have a Mycobacterium gordonae infection of his prosthetic aortic valve. Following replacement of his infected prosthesis and systemic therapy for two years, the patient has apparently been cured.
Remarks on Colloid Degeneration of the Skin
Authors: R. Liveing
Journal: BMJ (1886)

marked, it is true, than was the case four ycars ago, and less, enaily to be mistaken for the speech of her companiion case, but still belong- ing, with her, to a typo wlhich we hiave not met with under other conditions.As the nLervous so(euelte of small-pox have receivedl very little atten- tion in English imiedical literatture, we coultl be sure thley were very uncommon in practice, btit thoughlt it wortli while to tuirn for a moinent to the experience of sotime of the chief small-poxlhospitals of Londoni.The reco)rds at Stockwell were cotnsulted by Dr. Mllyers, anid showed in the last fourteen y-ears about 1,600 deaths from small-pox, but in onily three of these is aniy nervous injury mentioned ; and. in these it was slight cerebral mieningitis, with 11o symptons that couldI clear-ly be distinguished, dluring-life, in the patient's stato of high fever and deliriutmi.Ttie clinical accouuts of the last 2,000 cases were looked througlh wvithout tiiidiing aniy recortds of nervous sequehe.At
Abstract C24: Identification and characterization of serum biomarkers associated with metastatic progression of breast cancer
Authors: Adhari Abdullah Al Za'abi, Steven Graves, Marc Hansen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer among women in the United States. Treatment is greatly complicated by metastasis of cells from the primary tumor site, which increases mortality; about 40 percent of breast cancer patients will relapse and develop metastatic disease. Eighty percent of breast cancer patients are treated with adjuvant chemotherapy to decrease their risk of getting metastasis, while as indicated previously only 40% of them will eventually relapse and develop metastatic disease. Despite this precautionary measure, adjuvant chemotherapy is shown to increase 15-years survival of such patients by only 3-10%. Further, about 40,000 women die of breast cancer every year due to undetected early metastasis. Clearly detection of metastatic disease has major clinical implications. Identifying specific blood serum biomarkers that accurately and reproducibly indicate the presence of metastatic disease could greatly improve treatment, as they could substitute for more invasive procedures that are in current use and be used to monitor remission at higher resolution. Analysis of protein content in serum has been widely used as a method for biomarker identification, but detection, identification, and analysis of short peptide biomarkers faces technical challenges that have prevented widespread application of this approach. We report here results from a proteomics study aimed at identifying and characterizing short peptide biomarkers in serum samples taken from patients with stage I and stage III breast cancer. Serum samples contain over 2500 distinct peaks representing distinct peptides. A preliminary analysis reveals that the abundance of 92 peptides are significantly reduced in samples from patients with stage III disease, while the abundance of 64 peptides show significant increase in stage III sera. A large number of additional peptides show smaller changes in abundance in sera from the two patient groups. Our future work will be to characterize the identity of the serum biomarkers identified and validate their appearance or disappearance in a large cohort of patients. Citation Format: Adhari Abdullah Al Za'abi, Steven Graves, Marc Hansen. Identification and characterization of serum biomarkers associated with metastatic progression of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C24.
Expression of HLA-DR molecules by keratinocytes, and presence of Langerhans cells in the dermal infiltrate of active psoriatic plaques.
Authors: A B Gottlieb, B Lifshitz, S M Fu, L Staiano-Coico, C Y Wang, D M Carter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

Immunoperoxidase staining of skin sections and immunofluorescence analysis of keratinocyte suspensions obtained from suction blisters of psoriatic plaques were performed using an mAb, Josh 524.4.1, and Fab'2 fragments of a rabbit antiserum, both of which are directed against nonpolymorphic determinants of HLA-DR molecules. HLA-DR+ keratinocytes were present in plaques, but not normal-appearing skin, from a significant portion of patients with active psoriasis. Double-labelling immunofluorescence experiments with either the monoclonal or polyclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody, in conjunction with the mAb OKT6, which identifies DR+ Langerhans cells, demonstrated that HLA-DR molecules were present on OKT6- keratinocytes. The dermal infiltrate of psoriatic plaques contained T cells expressing the activation antigens, IL-2 receptor (Tac) and HLA-DR, as well as macrophages and OKT6+ cells. There was little difference in the characteristics of the dermal infiltrate between the lesions with or without HLA-DR+ keratinocytes. OKT6+ presumptive Langerhans cells were also found in the dermal infiltrates of patients with lichen planus, contact dermatitis, spongiotic dermatitis, erythema multiforme, basal and squamous cell carcinoma. Studies of keratinocyte suspensions showed that 7-84% of keratinocytes were HLA-DR+. Flow cytometry experiments showed that keratinocytes at all stages of differentiation were HLA-DR+. However, the stem cell-enriched population contained the highest proportion of HLA-DR+ cells. HLA-DR expression by keratinocytes correlated with disease activity. The expression was reversible with successful medical therapy. HLA-DR+ keratinocytes may activate T cells directly or may present an as yet unknown antigen to T cells. These studies provide further support for the hypothesis that immunological mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Oxygen and Radiation
Authors: Robert Burton
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  I appreciate Dr. Garland's comments. In regard to the apparent conflict between the experience and conclusions of Atkins and associates and our own experience, this is, in our opinion, dose-related rather than having anything to do with the hyperbaric oxygen procedure. The line graph demonstrating the radiobiologic truth of the oxygen effect on radiobiology adapted from Grey in the publication is worth a bit of study. It demonstrates that oxygen can only repair the loss of radiation sensitivity resulting from relative anoxia. Oxygen partial pressure increased above the  level has no effect on radiation response. Assuming a normal level to be present in the host tissues, namely 40 mm Hg Po 2 , no increased radiation response is to be expected regardless of the elevation of Po 2 . In the experience of the earlier authors, and also of Churchill-Davidson and Van den Brenk, because of the use