tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adenylyl Cyclase Subtype–Specific Compartmentalization
Authors: Valeriy Timofeyev, Richard E. Myers, Hyo Jeong Kim, Ryan L. Woltz, Padmini Sirish, James P. Heiserman, Ning Li, Anil Singapuri, Tong Tang, Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy, Ebenezer N. Yamoah, H. Kirk Hammond, Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Rationale: Adenylyl cyclase (AC) represents one of the principal molecules in the β-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway, responsible for the conversion of ATP to the second messenger, cAMP. AC types 5 (AC V ) and 6 (AC VI ) are the 2 main isoforms in the heart. Although highly homologous in sequence, these 2 proteins play different roles during the development of heart failure. Caveolin-3 is a scaffolding protein, integrating many intracellular signaling molecules in specialized areas called caveolae. In cardiomyocytes, caveolin is located predominantly along invaginations of the cell membrane known as t-tubules. Objective: We take advantage of AC V and AC VI knockout mouse models to test the hypothesis that there is distinct compartmentalization of these isoforms in ventricular myocytes. Methods and Results: We demonstrate that AC V and AC VI isoforms exhibit distinct subcellular localization. The AC VI isoform is localized in the plasma membrane outside the t-tubular region and is responsible for β 1 -adrenergic receptor signaling–mediated enhancement of the L-type Ca 2+ current ( I Ca,L ) in ventricular myocytes. In contrast, the AC V isoform is localized mainly in the t-tubular region where its influence on I Ca,L is restricted by phosphodiesterase. We further demonstrate that the interaction between caveolin-3 with AC V and phosphodiesterase is responsible for the compartmentalization of AC V signaling. Conclusions: Our results provide new insights into the compartmentalization of the 2 AC isoforms in the regulation of I Ca,L in ventricular myocytes. Because caveolae are found in most mammalian cells, the mechanism of β- adrenergic receptor and AC compartmentalization may also be important for β-adrenergic receptor signaling in other cell types.
Complications of methysergide therapy: retroperitoneal fibrosis, mitral regurgitation, edema, and hemolytic anemia
Authors: P. H. Slugg
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Methysergide has been implicated as a causative agent of inflammatory fibrotic processes. A positive direct Coombs' test, associated with a hemolytic anemia, was obtained from a patient who had been receiving methysergide and who also had retroperitoneal fibrosis and mitral insufficiency. It is likely that the valvular disease, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and hemolytic anemia are all part of an autoimmune process induced by methysergide.
Prospective Evaluation of the Use of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography prior to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: H. Neuhaus, H. Feussner, A. Ungeheuer, W. Hoffmann, J. R. Siewert, M. Classen
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Preoperative cholangiography and subsequent removal of bile duct stones may increase the efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and reduce the rate of conversion to open cholecystectomy. Since there is little data on the incidence of choledocholithiasis in this group of patients, we undertook a prospective study on the routine performance of ERC in 288 patients selected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ERC succeeded in 264 of the 288 patients (91.7 %) and showed a normal bile duct system in 227 (86.0 %). Atypical bile duct anatomy was seen in eight patients. Open cholecystectomy was performed in seven of them but was judged to be absolutely necessary in only two cases (one patient each with Caroli syndrome and Mirizzi syndrome). ERC also revealed bile duct stones in 29 of 264 patients (11.0 %) which had not been suspected on the basis of clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic findings in nine cases (3.4 %). EPT succeeded in all of the 29 patients with choledocholithiasis but open cholecystectomy was subsequently performed in four patients due to incomplete bile duct clearance (n = 3) or temporary bleeding after EPT (n = 1). The rate of ERC/EPT-related morbidity was 2.8 %. It is concluded from a risk-benefit analysis in these patients that ERC should be restricted to patients with suspected bile duct stones. Following this strategy, small ductal concrements and bile duct abnormalities will be missed in 6.4 % of cases but the clinical relevance of these findings is still unclear. In patients with combined gallbladder and common bile duct stones, preoperative EPT plus subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy appears to be an effective and time-saving therapeutic regimen which should be compared with open cholecystectomy plus common bile duct exploration in future studies.
Book Review Bioethics and Armed Conflict: Moral Dilemmas of Medicine and War (Basic Bioethics.) By Michael L. Gross. 384 pp. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 2006. $65 (cloth); $26 (paper). 978-0-262-07269-4 (cloth); 978-0-262-57226-2 (paper).
Authors: John C. Moskop
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)
UNUSUAL PROPERTIES OF HYALURONATEPROTEIN ISOLATED FROM PATHOLOGICAL SYNOVIAL FLUIDS*
Authors: David Hamerman, John Sandson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1963)

In joints actively involved by rheumatoid ar- thritis, the nature of the synovial fluid is quite different from normal.The fluid is increased in volume (10 to 30 ml) and contains large numbers of leukocytes (> 10,000 per mm3) .The concen- tration of protein (4 to 5 g per 100 ml) is more than twice that of normal synovial fluid, whereas the concentration of hyaluronate (0.1 g per 100 ml) is reduced to one-third to one-half normal.Many studies have been made of the physical properties of rheumatoid synovial fluid (1), and although these reflect the physical state of the hy- aluronate in the fluid, the hyaluronate has not been isolated for study.Recently, mild methods were described to isolate hyaluronate from normal synovial fluids (2).Hyaluronate containing about 2% protein was obtained, and this product was called hyaluronateprotein (HP).Similar methods were used to isolate hyaluronate from rheumatoid synovial fluids, and a number of unusual findings were observed.A compound of hyaluronate combined with more protein (about 10%o) was isolated from the ma- jority of the fluids; some of these products formed gels during dialysis in acetate buffer at pH 4.5, and all showed immobilization at the origin during zone electrophoresis at pH 4.5.None of these properties of the hyaluronate in rheumatoid syno- vial fluids has been previously described.During the course of these studies, the question arose whether such findings were specific for HP from rheumatoid fluids.It appears that they are not, for in
Human genetics of HDL: Insight into particle metabolism and function
Authors: Liam R. Brunham, Michael R. Hayden
Journal: Progress in Lipid Research (2015)

Levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are inversely related to cardiovascular disease risk and HDL particles possess a variety of anti-atherosclerotic properties. However, several recent clinical trials aimed at raising HDL-C levels have failed to yield the expected improvement in clinical outcomes, highlighting the need for a better understanding of HDL particle function and metabolism. Human genetic studies have proven to be an outstanding source of insight regarding the biology of this complex lipoprotein class. In particular, the study of rare genetic disorders of HDL has identified a number of key players in HDL metabolism, some of which represent current or future therapeutic targets. More recently, genetic association studies have identified a large number of additional genes and proteins involved in HDL metabolism. The purpose of this review is to summarize progress in the study of HDL genetics and how these insights have contributed to our understanding of the metabolic pathways and function of HDL leading to opportunities for the long-elusive HDL-based therapies.
COMPLETE COURSE OF EVENTS IN FRACTURE OF THE BASE OF THE CRANIUM
Authors: E. L. Hanson
Journal: JAMA (1926)

This case beautifully illustrates the basal syndrome. Within forty-five minutes of admission into the hospital, the patient passed through the complete classic sequence of events for basal fracture. E. R., a white man, aged 22, well developed and well nourished, was admitted to the hospital as an emergency patient, Jan. 3, 1926, suffering from a scalp laceration above the right ear, sustained as a result of being struck by a street car. On examination, a hemorrhage from the right ear into the nasopharynx was found. The patient was semiconscious; there was emesis of the sanguineous gastric contents; the pulse was 85, respiration 24, but not stertorous, and the pupils in midcontraction, responding well to light. The blood pressure was 130 systolic and 70 diastolic, and there was no motor paralysis present. A lumbar puncture revealed hemorrhagic spinal fluid under moderately elevated pressure. Within twenty minutes of admission and almost immediately
Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver
Authors: Takato Ueno, Hiroshi Sugawara, Koodo Sujaku, Osamu Hashimoto, Riko Tsuji, Seishu Tamaki, Takuji Torimura, Sadataka Inuzuka, Michio Sata, Kyuichi Tanikawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Implementation Science in Pediatric Health Care
Authors: Kristy D. M. Wittmeier, Terry P. Klassen, Kathryn M. Sibley
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Successful engraftment and stable full donor chimerism after myeloablation with thiotepa, fludarabine, and melphalan and CD34‐selected peripheral allogeneic stem cell transplantation in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Simone Cesaro, Maria Vittoria Gazzola, Piero Marson, Elisabetta Calore, Luciana Caenazzo, Roberta Destro, Giustina De Silvestro, Stefania Varotto, Marta Pillon, Luigi Zanesco, Chiara Messina
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents the only curative option for primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare disease of infants and young children, characterized by recurrent fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and cytopenia. We report a case of successful engraftment and stable full-donor chimerism in a patient with HLH who underwent peripheral allogeneic CD34-selected HSCT. The donor was his 1-antigen-HLA-mismatched grandmother. After a conditioning regimen based on the combination of thiotepa, fludarabine, melphalan, and rabbit antilymphocyte serum, the patient received a megadose of 26.3 x 10(6)/kg of CD34(+) peripheral blood cells. Neutrophil (>0.5 x 10(9)/L) and platelet (>50 x 10(9)/L) engraftment was observed on days +16 and +12, respectively, and the patient was discharged home on day +24. No acute or chronic GVHD was observed. Infectious complications were the main causes of re-hospitalization in the first year after transplantation, but no significant morbidity was observed thereafter. Thirty-two months after HSCT, the patient is alive and well, still in complete clinical remission of his underlying disease with a durable engraftment, normal NK activity and full donor chimerism. This case suggests that a fludarabine-based conditioning regimen and CD34-selected peripheral allogeneic HSCT may be a feasible option in case of unavailability of a fully HLA-matched related or unrelated donor.
The Singular Affair of The Aluminum Crutch
Authors: Hampton R. Bates
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Watson referred often to unpublished adventures of Sherlock Holmes including "the singular affair of the aluminum crutch" mentioned in<i>The Musgrave Ritual</i>. The late August Derleth seized on this fragment and expanded it into a detective story. I became involved as forensic pathologist in a case of homicide revolving about the use of this device. A man, found dead behind a tavern, was brought in for examination. He had but one leg, and there were no external marks of violence on the body. There was fresh hemorrhage into the right temporalis muscle and contrecoup bruising of the brain, with acute cerebral edema. I concluded that he had been killed by a single blow to the right temporal region and suggested that the police look for a padded blunt instrument. At the trial I was shown a long, lightweight aluminum crutch; the upper end was heavily padded
Quinine in Urinalysis For Heroin
Authors: Charles L. Winek
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the course of evaluating our drug screening program, it has come to our attention that quinine from tonic water, used as a mixer with some cocktails, gives a sustained positive fluorescence in urine samples taken up to 48 hours after ingestion of an 8-oz bottle of the mixer. This communication reports our initial experience with positive fluorescence readings from sources of quinine, other than its being mixed with heroin. Quinine is added to heroin to increase its volume, yet maintain the bitter taste used as a "rule of thumb" for heroin identity by the user. Our drug screening program presently involves the extraction of quinine and morphine at<sub>p</sub>H 8.5 from ion-exchange paper into the mixed solvent chloroform-isopropyl alcohol. The concentrated quinine is then spotted on a chromatogram, developed with isopropyl alcohol-ammonium hydroxide, and sprayed with O.1N sulfuric acid. The highly blue fluorescent spot under
VASOMOTOR SYSTEM, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DRUGS WHICH ACT ON IT, IN OPTHALMOLOGY.
Authors: DAVID W. STEVENSON
Journal: JAMA (1900)

A study of the pulse and vascular tension is of the utmost importance to the ophthalmologist. Although clinical reports and practice show that while very slight local eye symptoms are noticed, yet how seldom is the pulse recorded, even previous to a cataract operation or during the crises of a glaucoma. It would be well if all oculists would always report the tension of the pulse with the same care, and use the same signs which are used in regard to the eye. The scale would thus run from + 3 to - 3. Rolling the artery under the fingers with varying pressures, or carrying the skin along longitudinally over the vessel, will decide the tension as well as the inequalities of thickness and density. Ewart, in a classical work on pulse sensations, has proved that the tension may be best noted by the amount of pressure that will cause the pulse
Determination of Pulmonary Blood Volume by Single Intravenous Injection of One Indicator in Patients with Normal and High Pulmonary Vascular Pressures
Authors: FLAVIO M. DE FREITAS, EDUARDO Z. FARACO, NORMELIO NEDEL, DECIO F. DE AZEVEDO, JAIME ZADUCHLIVER
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Determinations of the pulmonary blood volume were carried out in 12 patients with pulmonary hypertension and in 12 patients with normal pressures in the pulmonary circulation, by the use of a single intravenous injection of one indicator, blood sampling being made through catheters in the pulmonary artery and left atrium and connected with two densitometers of similar characteristics. Pulmonary blood volume measured by this technic includes the major portion of, or the entire left atrial volume. Values obtained from duplicate or triplicate determinations performed in each patient have shown that this technic provides very good reproducibility of the results expressed by an average percentile variation around the mean equal to 3.2±2.7. The mean pulmonary blood volume as referred to body surface area was 375±97 ml./M. 2 for patients with pulmonary hypertension, and 310±21 ml./M. 2 for patients with normal pulmonary intravascular pressures. This difference was found to be significant ( p &lt;0.05) but was attributed, at least in part, to a difference in the mean left atrial volume between the two groups studied. Some possible advantages and limitations of the method, as well as the poor correlation between pulmonary blood volume and other variables, like pulmonary intravascular pressures, stroke volume, and cardiac output, were discussed.
Something for everyone? A community and academic partnership to address farmworker pesticide exposure in North Carolina.
Authors: S A Quandt, T A Arcury, A I Pell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Partnerships between academic researchers and community organizations are frequently formed to address environmental health concerns in underserved communities. Although such participatory approaches to research combine valuable assets of both partners, they are often difficult to maintain. We describe a partnership formed to investigate migrant and seasonal farmworker exposure to pesticides in North Carolina and to develop effective interventions to reduce exposure. North Carolina ranks fifth in the United States in the number of farmworkers; most are from Mexico, and a significant minority come to the United States on work contracts. Several barriers to establishing effective collaboration were recognized in this partnership, including stereotypes, cultural differences, competing demands for time and attention, and differences in orientation to power structures. To overcome these barriers, members of the partnership took actions in three domains: clarifying the different goals of each partner, operationalizing a model of participation that could involve many different community segments developing cultural sensitivity. By taking these actions, the work of the partnership was accomplished in ways that met the criteria for success of both academic researchers and community members. This approach can be used by others to develop collaborative relationships to investigate environmental health issues within a community-based participatory framework.
Oxygen or air for palliation of breathlessness in advanced cancer
Authors: S. Booth, R. Wade
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Breathlessness—difficult laboured or uncomfortable breathing, dyspnoea—is a complex experience of the body and the mind. It is the most common and distressing symptom of advanced lung cancer1 and also frequently affects those whose cancer originates outside the thorax. Unlike cancer pain, breathlessness is difficult to treat successfully; a survey of patients treated by a community palliative care team demonstrated that its prevalence rose as death approached and that treatment was ineffective.2 Although clinicians and patients alike tend to associate cancer with pain, breathlessness has a comparable incidence: in one recent study 85% patients with cancer experienced pain and 78% breathlessness in the last year of life.3

The neural pathways serving the sensation of breathlessness are poorly understood, but dyspnoea is not simply an abnormality of the heart and lungs; it is a multisystem disorder with many accompanying subtle neurohormonal abnormalities and alterations in skeletal and respiratory muscle structure and function. The higher centres responsible for thinking and feeling can strongly influence the severity of the symptom. The ‘nervous system is not hard-wired’:4 it is characterized by plasticity and, just as with pain, the experience of breathlessness is likely to be modified both by previous experience of the sensation and by pathways from different areas in the central nervous system. Patients with apparently similar disease can have breathlessness of widely different severity.

In this review we outline the causes of breathlessness in advanced cancer and the use of air and oxygen in management of the symptom.
Scientists Study Cofactors of HPV-Associated Cervical Cancer
Authors: J. Glover
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Scientists Study Cofactors of HPV-Associated Cervical Cancer Get access Janet Glover Janet Glover Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 13, 4 July 1990, Pages 1096–1097, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.13.1096 Published: 04 July 1990
I'm OK: Therapy by Advertised Inaccurate Assertion
Authors: Murray E. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Occasionally, in this high-tech world, simple and imaginative therapies can emerge. As a case in point, a woman was recently referred to me for management of what was presumed to be exercise-induced asthma. She wanted to continue her jogging, but the intensity of her wheezing was disturbing. However, on closer examination, her findings were hardly those of asthma but rather those of some other intense stridor originating not from her chest but from the left side of her neck. The scar from some previous childhood thyroid surgery provided the clue. Subsequent normal pulmonary function test results and a close look at her paralyzed left vocal cord served to rule out any associated disease. Closer questioning revealed that she was not dyspneic with exertion, but to most other passing joggers she appeared to be at her last gasp. It was impossible for her to jog casually through the
Adhesive Straps in Electronic Fetal Monitoring
Authors: David Montgomery
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Among the denunciations issuing from the innumerable antiobstetric lay manifestos, one of the most reviled practices is electronic fetal monitoring.<sup>1-3</sup>While we find their objections generally capricious and illogical, we have noted some disrelish for electronic fetal monitoring among our patients because of discomfort from the elastic belts used for external transducer placement. In an effort to minimize this discomfort, we have substituted adhesive (Montgomery) straps for the encircling elastic belts. Strips of gauze affix the transducer to the Montgomery straps and can be adjusted to regulate transducer tension. These straps are easily applied and are available everywhere. While this modification in no way simulates the sybaritic environment desired by the opponents of electronic fetal monitoring, it maximizes patient comfort and mobility without compromising communication with the fetus. It has become much preferred by our patients to the cumbersome standard elastic belts.