tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Forced Vital Capacity Monitoring as a Prognostic Adjunct after Lung Transplantation
Authors: Elizabeth A. Belloli, Xin Wang, Susan Murray, Ginia Forrester, Adrian Weyhing, Jules Lin, Tammy Ojo, Vibha N. Lama
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: After lung transplantation, spirometric values are routinely followed to assess graft function. FEV1 is used to characterize chronic allograft dysfunction, whereas the course of FVC change has been less acknowledged and rarely used.Objectives: To better understand the temporal relationship and prognostic ability of FEV1 and FVC decline after lung transplantation.Methods: Serial FEV1 and FVC values were studied among 205 bilateral lung transplant recipients. Different decline patterns were characterized and evaluated for prognostic value via restricted mean modeling of mortality and times to other pertinent events.Measurements and Main Results: Baseline FEV1 was achieved earlier than baseline FVC (median, 296 vs. 378 d; P < 0.0001). Decline in FEV1 or FVC from their respective post-transplant baselines occurred in 85 patients (41%). Fifty-nine of 85 (69%) had an isolated FEV1 decline, with 80% later meeting the FVC decline criterion. This subsequent FVC decline was associated with worsening FEV1 and lower median survival. Twenty-five of 85 patients (29%) demonstrated concurrent FEV1 and FVC decline. Patients with concurrent decline had higher 1- and 5-year mortality rates (1-yr, 53% vs. 18%, P < 0.0001; 5-yr, 61% vs. 48%, P = 0.001). These patients were more likely to have rapid-onset of spirometry decline (P = 0.05) and lower FEV1% predicted (P = 0.04) at presentation.Conclusions: FVC decline from its post-transplant baseline provides valuable prognostic information. Concurrent FEV1 and FVC decline identifies patients with fulminant, rapid deterioration and is the strongest clinical predictor of poor survival. Subsequent FVC decline in patients with an initial isolated FEV1 decline identifies disease progression and portends poor prognosis.
Vegetable consumption and acute appendicitis: Authors' reply
Authors: D J P Barker, J A Morris, M Nelson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

1337 less informative series of separate correlations, especi- ally when the text suggests that they have actually carried out multiple regression.Thirdly, we are worried by the pattern shown in the scatter diagram reproduced in the paper.Two areas appear to have much greater appendicitis rates than the others, one of which is named in the text (Anglesey), and the significant negative correlation the authors report may reflect these outliers.We have repeated the correlation analysis omitting these two areas and obtained a lower correlation (r=-0-33, p<002).In addition, the two areas with the minimum and maximum x values are high "leverage" points,23 which means that they exert a considerable influence on any regression analysis attempted.Although these data points should not be dismissed as unrepresentative freaks, it is surely worth investigating why they have such unusual values.In this case, the authors draw attention to the possibility of spatial variation in diagnosis rates.Could not these values be explained by this factor?If so, the analysis offers little support for the authors' main conclusion.
Mitral Insufficiency Simulating Aortic Stenosis
Authors: JULIAN C. SLEEPER, EDWARD S. ORGAIN, HENRY D. MCINTOSH
Journal: Circulation (1962)

Two patients with mitral insufficiency presumably secondary to rheumatic heart disease are reported in whom loud systolic murmurs and thrills in the aortic area simulated aortic stenosis. Left heart catheterization in both patients disclosed significant mitral insufficiency but no evidence for aortic stenosis or intracardiac shunt such as ventricular septal defect. Phonocardiography demonstrated the holosystolic characteristics of the aortic area murmurs and was indispensable in documenting their mitral origin. A regurgitant jet striking the left atrial wall in close proximity to the aortic valve, previously reported in rupture of the chordae tendineae, appears the probable mechanism of the aortic murmur and thrill.
Smoking Risks of Different Tobaccos
Authors: R. D. Passey, M. Blackmore, D. Warbrick-Smith, R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The smoke of English cigarettes (flue-cured tobacco) greatly shortens the life of rats and damages the respiratory system, whereas that of the cigar (air-cured tobacco) is relatively harmless. This bears out two of the principal features in the 1971 Report of the Royal College of Physicians, which draws attention to the large number of premature deaths in cigarette smokers and the comparative safety of smoking cigars.
Summer Hazards — Lord Horder — Capital Punishment
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ALTHOUGH the English summer has long been a favorite topic for music-hall jokes, we are usually spared the violent extremes of weather that often cause tragic loss of life and property in other countries. This summer, however, has provided long hours of sunshine occasionally broken by violent thunderstorms. One of the most dramatic of these occurred during the Royal Ascot Race meeting, when lightning struck the spectators' enclosure. Two persons were killed, but more than 40 were admitted to a hospital with all the known manifestations of lightning injury: feather burns, flash burns, concussion, perforated eardrums and cataract formation were . . .
Increasing habitat suitability in the United States for the tick that transmits Lyme disease: a remote sensing approach.
Authors: Agustín Estrada-Peña
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The warnings about the spread of (italic)Ixodes scapularis(/italic), one of the vectors of Lyme disease, into the United States are based on reports about regional distribution and increasing local abundance. In a modeling approach, I used the recorded, current distribution of this tick and remotely sensed bioclimatic factors over the United States to establish the changes of habitat for this tick since 1982 and to detect the areas with factors adequate to support tick colonization. Results indicate the geographic expansion of areas with adequate habitat suitability in the period 1982-2000. A discriminant analysis of counties with different degrees of habitat suitability shows that the increase in winter temperatures and in vegetation vitality (as a direct consequence of higher rainfall) is key to habitat switch from unsuitable to suitable.
Usefulness and limitations of transesophageal echocardiography in the assessment of proximal coronary artery stenosis
Authors: Tandaw E. Samdarshi, Navin C. Nanda, Robert P. Gatewood, Raj S. Ballal, Leang K. Chang, Harvinder P. Singh, Hrudaya Nath, James K. Kirklin, Albert D. Pacifico
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Wastefulness of Beef-Rich Diet
Authors: A. JARRELL RAPER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 July 1974Wastefulness of Beef-Rich DietA. JARRELL RAPER, M.D., F.A.C.P.A. JARRELL RAPER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-1-124_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The editorial "Expensive Beef: A Blessing in Disguise?" (Ann Intern Med 80:547-549, 1974) makes the points that (1) Americans eat much more beef than they really need for nutrition; (2) this is expensive and (3) the high saturated-fat (beef) diet may be contributing to our "national dietary hypercholesterolemia," with appropriate implications for development of vascular disease.Missing, however, were the larger implications of our "beef rich" diet in terms of the world food situation now in the process of a sharp deterioration in supply. The startling fact is that the American beef-rich diet is very wasteful of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Virginia Health Sciences Center Richmond, Virginia 23219 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1974Volume 81, Issue 1Page: 124-124KeywordsDietFoodNutritionVascular diseases Issue Published: 1 July 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pulse-Microwaved Technetium-99m Labelled Human Erythrocytes for Spleen Scanning
Authors: J. P. OʼDonoghue, G. J. Morrissey, M. Bials, D. R. Gravelie, A. G. Mattar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

O'Donoghue, J. P.; Morrissey, G. J.; Bials, M.; Gravelie, D. R.; Mattar, A. G. Author Information
X-ray Analysis of Hair Reveals Breast Cancer
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sex Hormones in Therapeutics
Authors: P. M. F. Bishop
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Modern sex-hormone therapy is no more than fifteen years old, and, considering that progress was seriously retarded during the war, the rapidity with which this branch of therapeutics has expanded is remarkable.Few could have imagined that it would spread beyond the narrow confines of gynaecological endocrinology, and yet to-day sex hor- mones are beginning to play a prominent part in cancer treatment, general medicine, and such of its specialties as dermatology.It has therefore become the duty of every doctor to learn how to administer these substances.
Comparison of Two Oral Selective 2-Adrenergic Stimulant Drugs in Bronchial Asthma
Authors: J. S. Legge, J. Gaddie, K. N. V. Palmer
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The effect of two oral selective β<sub>2</sub>-stimulant drugs, salbutamol and terbutaline, on spirometry, arterial blood-gas tensions, pulse, and blood pressure was compared with placebo in a double-blind controlled trial in 12 asthmatic patients. Both drugs increased to forced vital capacity and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second equally for up to five hours, the maximal effect occurring at two to four hours. There was no significant change in arterial blood-gas tensions but both drugs increased pulse rate slightly. Tremor was the most common side effect. Terbutaline seems to be an effective alternative to salbutamol.
Selection of patients for cardiac transplantation.
Authors: J G Copeland, R W Emery, M M Levinson, T B Icenogle, M Carrier, R A Ott, J A Copeland, M J McAleer-Rhenman, S M Nicholson
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Selection of potential cardiac recipients is not a simple process. Identification of patients who are declining from end-stage cardiac disease and may be expected to die within 12 months or less and deciding which of a number of cardiac invalids are reasonable candidates for cardiac transplantation involves prognostication as well as a working knowledge of the expected benefits and survival rates in cardiac transplantation. Screening by means of the currently accepted contraindications for cardiac transplantation is somewhat more difficult in 1986 than it was 10 years ago when these contraindications were changing less rapidly. However, for optimal use of the limited supply of donor organs and maintenance of reasonable survival rates such screening is absolutely necessary. A second area of restriction that is less approachable by the physician is that of financial limitations. It would appear that the working poor and lower middle class may be deprived of the opportunity for cardiac transplantation much as they are deprived of the opportunity for optimal medical care in our society today.
Detailed endocardial mapping accurately predicts the transmural extent of myocardial infarction
Authors: Tamir Wolf, Lior Gepstein, Uzi Dror, Gal Hayam, Rona Shofti, Asaph Zaretzky, Gideon Uretzky, Uri Oron, Shlomo A Ben-Haim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Free Thyroxine Levels in Critically III Patients-Reply
Authors: Michael F. Slag
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In Reply.—  Buehler and Sullivan have expressed concern in the use of Liquisol (Damon Diagnostics) free T 4 assay in patients with nonthyroidal illness (NTI) as described in our report. The interpretation of thyroid function tests in NTI must be undertaken with the knowledge that the true state of thyroid function in these persons is unknown, although most observers agree they are clinically euthyroid. The contention that the Liquisol assay provides excellent clinical correlation, providing their normal reference ranges are used, overlooks a critical clinical situation. Using either the reference range we determined in our own control subjects or using the reference range given with the Liquisol kit literature (0.8 to 2.4 ng/dL), the assay failed to identify both patients in our report with primary hypothyroidism and associated NTI. Recently, others have shown that Liquisol assay for free T 4 failed to identify 50% of persons with uncomplicated hypothyroidism. 1
ILLUSTRATIONS OF TUBERCLE
Authors: E. H. Sieveking
Journal: BMJ (1853)

Mary's Hospital, etc. ,(Read before the Hareian Society of London,April 7th, 1853.)!PHN term tubercle is synonymous, as we all know, with nodule, and does not in itself imply any peculiar constitu- ents.Usage has, however, limited the application of the denomination to a certain form of deposit, which we meet with but too frequently in the cadaveric inspections which we are allowed to make, and which, at all ages of life, is a source of danger to the individual, and of serious consider- ation to the medical practitioner.There is no necessity for urging the importance of the subject; but it is sometimes useful to bring a familiar fact before our eyes in a form in which we are not in the habit of seeing it.Thus, we find, with regard to the frequency of tubercular disease, by striking an average of ten weeks taken at random in the Registrar-General's Report for 1851, that it ranks second in mortality of all the causes which the returns specify.Zy- motic diseases stand first; tubercular maladies follow in their wake; diseases of the lungs and of the brain re- spectively occupy the third and fourth position.The exact numbers for the ten weeks are as follows:- Mortality from zymotic diseases, 19,914 ,, ,, tubercular diseases, 18,393 ,, ,, cerebral diseases, 12,068 ,pulmonary diseases, 15,475 But we all know that individuals are frequently carried off by diseases to which a name is applied that does not in- dicate any tubercular affection; while the scalpel exhibits to us lesions sufficiently indicative of tubercle having been sown, or of such a taint having existed in the circulating fluid as to produce that peculiar debilitating effect which renders treatment ineffectual, which, under more favourable circumstances, might have saved the patient.So far, then,
Clinical and laboratory studies of the photosensitizing potential of norfloxacin, a 4-quinolone broad-spectrum antibiotic
Authors: J. FERGUSON, B.E. JOHNSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Cutaneous photosensitivity reactions are a consistent although uncommon feature of the fluoroqui‐nolone group of antihiotics, which are related to nalidixic acid. Ohjective laboratory and clinical data are now routinely required by regulatory bodies for new drugs suspected of being photosensitizers. but no clear recommendations exist. A series of in vitro tests ranging in complexity revealed a UVA‐dependent phototoxic potential for the fluoroquinolone norfloxacin similar to that for ciprofloxacin. and less than that of nalidixic acid. Controlled monochromator phototesting, designed to reveal the clinical characteristics, wavelength dependence and severity of cutaneous reactions in normal subjects showed both norfloxacin and ciproHoxacin to have a weak phototoxic potential which clears within 4 weeks of stopping the drug. UVA wavelengths (335±30 nm: 365±30 nm) appear most responsible for producing an asymptomatic erythema which is maximal at 24 h. The clinical study differs from those used previously in being blind, containing positive and negative controls, and phototesting after cessation of drug intake. The methodology has the anticipated limitation of failing to detect idiosyncratic photosensitivity responses.
Should We Be More Aggressive in the Therapy Against Cardiovascular Risk Factors?
Authors: Alin O. Stirban, Diethelm Tschoepe
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

The reality of primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular complications in people with diabetes is alarming, even in developed countries with a well-structured medical system. Even though therapeutic targets have been more clearly defined during the last decades, their implementation is still suboptimal. Financial and structural reasons, insufficient information of physicians and patients, along with a low compliance of the latter are only a few reasons that have been incriminated. To eliminate some of these inconveniences, attempts to standardize and simplify therapies have been made. Treatment with aspirin and statin for every patient with diabetes has been postulated. Some went even further, developing the concept of a "polypill," an integrated pharmacological agent with up to six different compounds meant to prevent cardiovascular disease in the broad population. Likewise, the idea of a "polymeal" tries to implement healthy nutrients into the populations' lifestyle in a standardized fashion. Our article highlights some of the advantages and pitfalls of these concepts and reflects our point of view with regard to some treatment aspects in people with diabetes. As part of a pro and contra discussion, our article is arguing against the use of statins in all patients with diabetes and especially against the indiscriminate use of a polypill.
Pseudogout in acute neuropathic arthropathy. A clue to pathogenesis?
Authors: R M Bennett, J C Mall, D J McCarty
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

The association of inflammation with neuropathic joints was possibly first described by William Musgrave of Exeter (1657-1721) in his book, Arthiritia Symptomatica (1703), in which he wrote (Kelly, 1963), 'Though the limbs were thin and flaccid from paralysis, they had not yet completely wasted away.Quite the contrary; they were swollen and inflamed from the arthritis and clearly showed plenty of signs of vitality'.The observation that an acute arthritis would often precede the bone collapse is referred to in Jean Martin Charcot's frequently quoted monograph (Charcot, 1868), 'Without any appreciable external cause we may see between one day and the next the development of a general and often enormous tumefaction of a member, most commonly without any pain whatever, or any febrile reaction.At the end of a few days the general tumefaction disappears, but more or less considerable swelling of the joint remains because of the accumulation of water in the joint and sometimes also in the periarticular bursae.On puncture being made, a transparent lemon-coloured fluid has frequently been drawn from the joint.One or two weeks after the invasion, sometimes much sooner, the existence of more or less cracking sounds may be noted betraying the alteration of the articular surfaces which at this time is already profound.The hydrarthrosis resolves quickly, leaving an extreme mobility of the joint'.We report an episode of acute neuropathic arthropathy affecting the right knee in a 67-year-old black man with chondrocalcinosis and pseudogout.To the best of our knowledge this episode is the most acute neuroarthropathy ever recorded, and affords some insight into the possible mechanism of 'trauma induced' pseudogout.Case report (see Table ) The patient was seen in our clinic in January 1972, with a massive, nearly painless effusion in his left knee associated with swelling and pitting oedema of the entire leg and
Psychosocial Correlates of Survival in Advanced Malignant Disease?
Authors: Barrie R. Cassileth, Edward J. Lusk, David S. Miller, Lorraine L. Brown, Clifford Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Abstract Prospective studies of the general population have isolated specific social and psychological factors as independent predictors of longevity. This study assesses the ability of these factors, plus two others said to influence survival in patients with cancer, to predict survival and the time to relapse after a diagnosis of cancer. Patients with unresectable cancers (n = 204) were followed to determine the length of survival. Patients with Stage I or II melanoma or Stage II breast cancer (n = 155) were followed to determine the time to relapse. Analysis of data on these 359 patients indicates that social and psychological factors individually or in combination do not influence the length of survival or the time to relapse (P<0.10). The specific diagnosis (F = 2.0, P = 0.06), performance status (F = 0.66, P = 0.62), extent of disease (F = 1.12, P = 0.89), and therapy (F = 1.08, P = 0.35) were also unrelated to the psychosocial factors studied. Although these factors may contribute to the initiation of morbidity, the biology of the disease appears to predominate and to override the potential influence of life-style and psychosocial variables once the disease process is established. (N Engl J Med 1985; 312:1551–5.)
A Case of Gastrostomy, with Exhibition of the Patient Eleven Months after the Operation: Subsequent History, Death on 403rd Day
Authors: J. Murphy
Journal: BMJ (1888)

far more rapid than any other yet offered to the profession, is thiat wlhich I have the honour to advocate, that is, re-education of the muscular sense of the best possible position, and methodical Fig .-Iotoughsketclh of back of girl aged 17 years, withi extremie scolinsis (hiabitual posture).X 0B 'V Niss E.L.n lj ow is U;1prtI 24A18 ¶ 1IelfIr(Lt size) Pig.6.-Tracing of loils midway fro ribs to ilaccreats in flexedi 1insition of Irtuik, iii same paLtienit as Figs.1i anid b (lialt niatuiral size).e-xercises of the muscles to enable the patient to maintain this inj)roved position withoutt effort; or, to put it more shortly, " treatment by posture and exercise."i CASE OF GASTROSTOMY, WITII EXHIBITION