tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract A1: MicroRNAs expression profile associated with radioresistance in lung cancer
Authors: Elena Arechaga-Ocampo, Yamilet Noriega-Reyes, Cesar Lopez-Camarillo, Perla Lopez-Moreno, Carlos Perez-Plasencia, Oscar Angeles-Zaragoza, Luis A. Herrera
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Lung cancer is the neoplasia with highest incidence and mortality worldwide. One of the strategies of treatment for this tumor type is based on ionizing radiation. Radiation induces cytotoxicity through some mechanisms, including gene expression changes. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as one of the molecules that regulate expression genes and may contributes to radioresistance in several tumor types. Global miRNAs expression profiles of radiosensitive and radioresistant lung tumor cells may elucidate the molecular mechanism related to tumoral radioresistance. In order to identify miRNAs associated with innate and acquired radioresistance, we will evaluate the miRNAs expression profiles in two lung carcinoma cell lines and in the same cell lines with acquire radioresistance by fractionated doses radiation treatment. For establish the median lethal dose radiation, H1944 and Calu-1 lung carcinoma cell lines were treated with increasing doses of X-rays (from 2 to 12 Gy). Cell survival, proliferative ability and clonogenic potential postradiation were evaluated. Moreover, we will generate a model of acquired radioresistance by treating lung tumor cells with fractionated doses of 2 Gy X-rays up to total dose of 60 Gy for to evaluate the expression of miRNAs in cells with acquired radioresistance. Results showed differential sensitivity to radiotherapy from lung tumors cells, whit 8 Gy as median lethal dose radiation. For to evaluate the expression of miRNAs during innate response to radiotherapy, total RNA was obtained from tumor cells treated with 8 Gy of X-rays. Additionally, it has been obtained lung tumor cells clones with treatment total doses of 28 Gy in a fractionated radiation scheme. These results will allow compare miRNAs expression during immediate cell response to radiation and those whose expression will modified during fractionated radiation treatment and may be associated with radioresistance acquired, which contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism to radioresistance in lung cancer.
Another beta-blocker causing eye symptoms?
Authors: D Scott
Journal: BMJ (1977)

them making some attempt to reduce their intake.If this small group of adolescents attending a diabetic summer camp is at all representative of the adolescent diabetic population as a whole, then these findings would suggest that control of hyperglycaemia in our young diabetics is far from satisfactory.It is pertinent to note that of the 10 patients who preferred persistent glycosuria on urine testing, six felt that their hospital doctors were satisfied with these tests.If the incidence of distressing complications of diabetes is to be reduced, then it would seem necessary to lay the foundations of good diabetic control in our young diabetics, as in the adult clinics it is often very difficult to change long-standing habits of maintaining persistent glycosuria or even to transfer patients previously on one injection to two injections of insulin a day.
Erythrapheresis in patients with polycythaemia secondary to hypoxic lung disease.
Authors: J A Wedzicha, R M Rudd, M C Apps, F E Cotter, A C Newland, D W Empey
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Erythrapheresis was performed in 10 patients with polycythaemia secondary to hypoxic lung disease (mean PaO2, 6.8 kPa (51 mm Hg)). The mean packed cell volume decreased from 0.64 to 0.48 in men and from 0.56 to 0.42 in women, with significant decreases in blood viscosity at both high and low shear rates (p less than 0.001). Patients showed significant improvement in six-minute walking distances (p less than 0.001) and in tests of mental alertness (p less than 0.01) compared to control subjects. Visual analogue scales confirmed symptomatic improvement after erythrapheresis. Erythrapheresis significantly improved symptoms, mental function, and work performance in patients with polycythaemia secondary to hypoxic lung disease. The procedure was well tolerated by all patients and no complications occurred.
Bilateral Lobar Lung Transplantation Using H1N1-Positive Lungs in the Presence of Anti-HLA Antibodies
Authors: Madhankumar Kuppuswamy, Aron Frederik Popov, Martin Carby, Karen C. Redmond, Bartlomiej Zych, Nandor Marczin, Prashant N. Mohite, Heike Krueger, Andre R. Simon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)
Predictive Value of Early Postoperative Esophagoscopy for Occurrence of Benign Stenosis After Cervical Esophagogastrostomy
Authors: P. Trentino, E. Pompeo, I. Nofroni, F. Francioni, S. Rapacchietta, F. Silvestri, M. Carboni, T. C. Mineo
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Benign anastomotic stenosis (BAS) represents a frequent complication following esophagectomy and cervical esophagogastrostomy for cancer. This study was undertaken to evaluate through early postoperative esophagoscopy the morphologic change of the anastomosis which could be related to BAS development.Thirty-nine patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy and cervical esophagogastrostomy were prospectively evaluated. The analyzed factors were: age; sex; the anastomotic size; the presence and number of endoscopically visible stitches; the presence and percentage of mucosal ulcerations involving the anastomotic suture line; the presence of anastomotic leak or dehiscence; the vascularization of the gastric tube; the patency of pylorus.No complications related to the early esophagoscopy were observed. Twelve patients (30.7 %) developed a stenosis postoperatively. The univariate analysis demonstrated anastomotic leak (p < 0.006), more than one endoscopically visible stitch (p < 0.0003), and mucosal ulceration involving more than 50% of the anastomosis (p<0.00009) as factors significantly correlated with BAS development. However stepwise logistic regression extracted the presence of ulcerations involving more than 50% of the anastomosis as the most important independent factor in predicting BAS development (Odds Ratio = 9.03+/-5.5, p = 0.009). All patients who developed a BAS were treated with early pneumatic dilatations, with an 83.3% success rate after a mean of 3.6 sessions.Early postoperative esophagoscopy seems a safe and effective tool for the monitoring of the anastomosis healing after cervical esophagogastrostomy. The presence of extended mucosal ulcerations appeared as the most important factor in predicting BAS formation.
Predicting the size of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations on chest computed tomography: a role for transthoracic contrast echocardiography
Authors: Sebastiaan Velthuis, Elisabetta Buscarini, Johannes J. Mager, Veronique M.M. Vorselaars, Marco W.F. van Gent, Pietro Gazzaniga, Guido Manfredi, Cesare Danesino, Arjen L. Diederik, Jan A. Vos, Silvia Gandolfi, Repke J. Snijder, Cornelis J.J. Westermann, Martijn C. Post
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

This study aimed to investigate whether pulmonary shunt grade on transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE) predicts the size of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) on chest computed tomography (CT) and subsequent feasibility for transcatheter embolotherapy. We prospectively included 772 persons with possible or definite hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, who underwent both TTCE and chest CT for screening of PAVMs. A quantitative three-point grading scale was used to classify the pulmonary shunt size on TTCE (grade 1–3). Transcatheter embolotherapy was performed for PAVMs deemed large enough for endovascular closure on chest CT. TTCE documented pulmonary shunting in 510 (66.1%) patients. The positive predictive value of a pulmonary shunt grade 1, 2 and 3 on TTCE for presence of PAVMs on chest CT was 13.4%, 45.3% and 92.5%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). None of the 201 persons with a pulmonary shunt grade 1 on TTCE had PAVMs on chest CT large enough for transcatheter embolotherapy, while 38 (25.3%) and 123 (77.4%) individuals with a pulmonary shunt grade 2 and 3 on TTCE, respectively, underwent endovascular closure of PAVMs. Pulmonary shunt grade on TTCE predicts the size of PAVMs on chest CT and their feasibility for subsequent transcatheter embolotherapy. Chest CT can be safely withheld from all persons with a pulmonary shunt grade 1 on TTCE, as any PAVM found in these subjects will be too small for transcatheter embolotherapy.
P287 Is your COPD service improving or deteriorating? Trend analysis of Mortality, Bed-days and Readmissions shows great variability across England during the last decade: Abstract P287 Table 1
Authors: JR Flowers, K Smith, AG Davison
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3></h3> The White Paper “Equity and Excellence. Liberating the health service “stated that health service must focus on outcomes and quality standards. The aim must be to improve. Comparison of a trend in improvement/deterioration of over time of outcomes would be beneficial to both clinicians and commissioners. <h3>Methods</h3> Trend was analysed in 3 key outcome measures for COPD for all 153 PTCs in England. The 3 outcome measures are COPD mortality per 1000 PCT population for 1993–2010, bed-days per 1000 PCT population for 2006/7–2010/11, and re-admission at 28 days for 2004/5–2010/11. Data from INHALE (www.inhale.nhs.uk) has been used and Dr Foster Intelligence for readmissions. Linear regression lines were fitted to the annual data for each PCT . An upward trend scored +1 (deterioration), no trend 0, downward trend –1(improvement). The scores were summated for each PCT resulting in a possible range of scores of +3 to –3. <h3>Results</h3> The Table shows summated results. PCT mortality data was available for 152, bed-days for 151 and readmissions for 150 PCTs. Newham was the only PCT to improve in all 3 outcomes (score –3). 23 PCTs (15%)scored –2, of these 21 improved in one outcome, 2 improved in two outcomes but deteriorated in one; 78 PCTs (52%) scored –1, of these 74 improved in one outcome and 4 improved in two but deteriorated in one as well; 41 PCTs (27%) scored 0, of these 15 had improved in one outcome but deteriorated in another; 8 PCTs (0.5%) scored +1. There were no scores of +2 or +3. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data shows considerable variation in outcome trend data across England. COPD mortality has improved in most but not all areas over 17 years. Mortality has improved in more PCTs compared to a reduction in bed-days for COPD and readmissions. Readmissions have increased in more PCTs than the other 2 outcome measures. These variations are unexplained and need investigating. Analysis of trend data for outcomes is essential, for providers and commissioners, to identify services that are improving or deteriorating,
Leveraging University Research to Advance Global Health
Authors: Dave A. Chokshi, Rahul Rajkumar
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dr. Josephus Craft, of Cleveland, O., Claims to have Discovered the Identical Lymph of Dr. Koch.
Authors: Josephus Craft
Journal: JAMA (1890)

To the Editor:  —Through some experimental research that I was led to make about two years ago, in reference to a bacillicide, certain peculiar results were attained which surprised me.  Not being a man of wealth or leisure, nor having a Government appropriation to keep the wolf from the door, I was obliged to drop it for the time—thinking that perhaps I might take it up some time in the future and push it to a satisfactory completion if possible, with my limited means for doing such work.  Hearing of Dr. Koch's announcement of the discovery of a substance that would cure consumption, lupus, and other allied maladies, I bethought me that perhaps it would be well to follow up the experiments already begun.  When I read of the effects of his discovery, it impressed me forcibly that it was in the same field in which I had been looking.
Differential regulation of TGF-β signal in hepatic stellate cells between acute and chronic rat liver injury
Authors: Yoshiya Tahashi, Koichi Matsuzaki, Masataka Date, Katsunori Yoshida, Fukiko Furukawa, Yasushi Sugano, Masanori Matsushita, Yasuo Himeno, Yutaka Inagaki, Kyoichi Inoue
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

During chronic liver injury, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) plays a prominent role in stimulating liver fibrogenesis by myofibroblast-like cells derived from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). On the other hand, Smad 7 was recently shown to antagonize the TGF-β-induced activation of signal-transducing Smads (2 and 3). In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of the TGF-β signals in rat HSCs during acute liver injury and myofibroblasts (MFBs) during chronic liver injury, focusing on the roles of Smad 2 and antagonistic Smad 7. In acute liver injury, HSC-derived TGF-β increased plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and α2(I) procollagen (COL1A2) transcripts. Smad 2 in HSCs during liver injury and primary cultured HSCs were activated by an autocrine mechanism, because high levels of Smad 2 phosphorylation and induction of PAI-1 transcript by TGF-β were observed in HSCs. Thereafter, Smad 7 induced by TGF-β negatively regulated the Smad 2 action. These results indicated that endogenous TGFβ-mediated Smad 7 in HSCs terminated the fibrotic signals mediated by signal-transducing Smads, and might be involved in the transient response to autocrine TGF-β signal after acute liver injury. By contrast, Smad 7 was not induced by the autocrine TGF-β signal, and constitutive Smad 2 activation was observed in MFBs throughout chronic liver injury, although Smad 7 could inhibit the TGF-β signal requiring Smad 2 phosphorylation by activated TGF-β receptor in cultured MFBs. This constitutive phosphorylation of Smad 2 by endogenous TGF-β under a low level of Smad 7 could be involved in the progression of liver fibrosis.
Universal consent form might help
Authors: Ian M Frayling
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I wrote the “universal consent form” below a few years ago, but it now seems germane in view of the editorial by Furness and Sullivan on the new human tissue bill.1

“By signing this I agree that my doctor is a reasonable person, applying common sense and trying to do his or her best in circumstances for which society takes collective responsibility. My doctor will attempt to do the …
The Commonwealth's Health Program
Authors: Vlado A. Getting
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

GOOD health has always been one of man's most prized possessions. From the most primitive times he has endeavored to take advantage of such knowledge as was available to him in prolonging his life, in preventing disability and in avoiding sickness. Believing that disease was of demonic origin he employed various mystic incantations in an attempt to ward off and to cure illness. The Mosaic laws contain the first rudimentary development of a definite sanitary code. Not until relatively modern times, however, could advantage be taken of accurate scientific knowledge in the prevention of disease, the prolongation of life and . . .
Portal Phlebothrombosis in the Puerperium: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: J. S. W. Chambers, R. A. Goodbody
Journal: BMJ (1963)

FORMIMINO-GLUTAMIC ACID IN PREGNANCY ABuzmH 35, and 39 weeks, and after delivery.Unlike other tests for folic-acid deficiency, which often give abnormal results in pregnancy, there is a steady decline in the amount of formimino-glutamic acid excreted in the urine throughout pregnancy.It is suggested that this is due to the utilization of increasing amounts of histidine for protein synthesis in pregnancy.We are grateful to Professor I. MacGillivray for allowing us to study his patients and to the nursing staff of the obstetrics unit for assistance in carrying out these tests.
Derbyshire primary care trust “failed to consult” over contract
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A High Court judge in London is expected to rule soon on a legal challenge to a primary care trust's decision to allow a US based healthcare company to take over the provision of GP services in a deprived ex-mining community in Derbyshire.

The contract for primary care services at Cresswell and Langwith is one of the first to be tendered for under government plans to open healthcare services to …
HMGB1 containing nucleosomes from apoptotic cells induce inflammation and immune activation via TLR2 - implications for the etiopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: V Urbonaviciute, B G Furnrohr, S Meister, L Munoz, P Heyder, F De Marchis, M E Bianchi, C Kirschning, H Wagner, A A Manfredi, J R Kalden, G Schett, P Rovere-Querini, M Herrmann, R E Voll
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Nucleosomes (NCs) are the major primary autoantigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and autoantibodies against dsDNA and NCs are a serological hallmark of SLE. However, it is still unknown why NCs, which are ubiquitous and abundant self-components, become immunogenic in SLE. Impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells with consecutive release of modified nuclear antigens may crucially contribute to the immunopathogenesis. High Mobility Group Box protein 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear DNA-binding protein and an extracellular pro-inflammatory …
Expression of human group II PLA2 in transgenic mice results in epidermal hyperplasia in the absence of inflammatory infiltrate.
Authors: D S Grass, R H Felkner, M Y Chiang, R E Wallace, T J Nevalainen, C F Bennett, M E Swanson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Group II PLA2 has been implicated in inflammatory processes in both man and other animals and has been shown to be involved in inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and sepsis. Transgenic mice expressing the human group II PLA2 gene have been generated using a 6.2-kb genomic fragment. These mice express the group II PLA2 gene abundantly in liver, lung, kidney, and skin, and have serum PLA2 activity levels approximately eightfold higher than nontransgenic littermates. The group II PLA2 transgenic mice reported here exhibit epidermal and adnexal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and almost total alopecia. The chronic epidermal hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis seen in these mice is similar to that seen in a variety of dermatopathies, including psoriasis. However, unlike what is seen with these dermatopathies, no significant inflammatory-cell influx was observed in the skin of these animals, or in any other tissue examined. These mice provide an important tool for examining group II PLA2 expression, and for determining the role of group II PLA2 in normal and disease physiology. They serve as an in vivo model for identifying inhibitors of group II PLA2 activity and gene expression.
Ph chromosome in a patient with non‐leukemic non‐hodgkin B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Hiroshi Fujii, Hiromi Yashige, Shinichi Misawa, Shinji Tanaka, Yohji Urata, Fumio Matuyama
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A standard Philadelphia translocation, t(9;22) (q34;q11), was found in lymph node cells from a patient with non‐leukemic non‐Hodgkin lymphoma at the time of diagnosis. The rearrangement of the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) was not detected with a bcr‐3′ probe. The neoplastic clone was of monoclonal B‐cell character with E‐, CD5‐, CD10‐, CD13‐, CD19+, CD20+, CD21+, CD25‐, HLA DR+, and positive surface lg(kappa). The patient showed no evidence of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Prolonged Survival After Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Joseph J. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The recipient of a kidney transplant from an unrelated donor survived for 5 1/2 years. Following the transplantation, the patient withstood several serious insults, including barbiturate intoxication and a myocardial infarcion. He was losing renal function during the sixth year after the transplantation and was considered for a second graft, but, unfortunately, he died of a second myocardial infarction.
Rho GDP Dissociation Inhibitor Protects Cancer Cells against Drug-Induced Apoptosis
Authors: Baolin Zhang, Yaqin Zhang, Marie-Claire Dagher, Emily Shacter
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) plays an essential role in control of a variety of cellular functions through interactions with Rho family GTPases, including Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA. RhoGDI is frequently overexpressed in human tumors and chemo-resistant cancer cell lines, raising the possibility that RhoGDI might play a role in the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. We found that overexpression of RhoGDI increased resistance of cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and JLP-119 lymphoma cells) to the induction of apoptosis by two chemotherapeutic agents: etoposide and doxorubicin. Conversely, silencing of RhoGDI expression by DNA vector-mediated RNA interference (small interfering RNA) sensitized MDA-MB-231 cells to drug-induced apoptosis. Resistance to apoptosis was restored by reintroduction of RhoGDI protein expression. The mechanism for the anti-apoptotic activity of RhoGDI may derive from its ability to inhibit caspase-mediated cleavage of Rac1 GTPase, which is required for maximal apoptosis to occur in response to cytotoxic drugs. Taken together, the data show that RhoGDI is an anti-apoptotic molecule that mediates cellular resistance to these chemotherapy agents.
Alcoholism in Hospitalized Patients in Switzerland
Authors: Bertrand Yersin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Moore et al<sup>1</sup>emphasizes perfectly the urgent need for detection and treatment of alcoholism in hospitalized patients. Besides providing other important epidemiologic data, it demonstrates the underdetection of alcoholism by hospital physicians. On the other hand, it shows that physician intervention, whatever it was, had at least a short-term impact on the patient's behavior regarding alcohol consumption. These observations are of particular importance because alcoholism is frequent in populations of hospitalized patients and because physicians usually are undertrained and also reluctant to spend efforts for detection and initiation of treatment for alcoholism. Since the French part of Switzerland is a region of high alcohol consumption, we studied prospectively the applicability and frequency of positivity of the French translation of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) in patients from the departments of internal medicine of two hospitals in this country. We also recorded