tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4970: The role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer
Authors: Hongmei Jiang, Man-Tzu Wang, Daotai Nie
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract POU5F1B is the one of the pseudogenes of POU5F1 (also known as Oct3, Oct4) with protein-coding potential. It is localized on chromosome 8q24.21, inside of the 1.2 Mb “gene desert” between the FAM84B and the c-MYC gene, which is closely associated with prostate cancer risk. Recent studies shown that POU5F1B, but not POU5F1, is expressed in prostate tissue and is overexpressed in prostatic carcinoma, compared to normal prostatic tissue surrounding the carcinoma. However, the role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer is still unknown. Through in silico analysis of dataset HG-U95A, we found that POU5F1B expression is increased in prostate tumor and markedly increased in metastatic tumors. Western blot analysis revealed a marked increase in POU5F1B expression in prostate cancer cells when compared to non-tumorigenic RWPE-1 cells. To study the role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer, we cloned POU5F1B from prostate cancer cells, sequenced the amplicons, and found several polymorphism. We made pCDH-myc-POU5F1B constructs and expressed POU5F1B in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP, DU145, and PC-3. Prostate cancer cell lines that ectopically overexpress POU5F1B form dramatically fewer cell-cell junctions and exhibit significantly increased invasiveness in vitro. Further, we found that E-Cadherin expression is downregulated in DU145-POU5F1B cells. Methylation of the E- Cadherin locus is increased in DU145-POU5F1B cells and methyltransferase inhibitors can partially restore E-Cadherin expression. These data collectively suggest an important role of POU5F1B in prostate tumor progression and metastasis. Citation Format: Hongmei Jiang, Man-Tzu Wang, Daotai Nie. The role of POU5F1B in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4970. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4970
Medieval guide warns that sex is harmful for people with “dry breathing”
Authors: Giselle Jones
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Foundation trusts are making the most of their freedoms to invest in new facilities and beds but are not outperforming ordinary NHS trusts, a review by the Healthcare Commission concluded this week.The review, the first of its kind and the result of visits to the first 20 foundation trusts, also found that four trusts were projecting large deficits of more than £3m ($5.3m; €4.4m).The commission concludes that, overall, foundation trusts had "hit the ground running" and have wasted no time exercising new freedoms to borrow money and to speed up decisions on opening new wards and operating theatres.For example, it took just 11 weeks for the University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust to plan additional wards and modular theatres-whereas it would possibly have taken two and a half years for the plan to go through the strategic health authority's processes, the Commission said.(See p 59.)
Risk of Recurrent Cardiac Events After Onset of Menopause in Women With Congenital Long-QT Syndrome Types 1 and 2
Authors: Jonathan Buber, Jehu Mathew, Arthur J. Moss, W. Jackson Hall, Alon Barsheshet, Scott McNitt, Jennifer L. Robinson, Wojciech Zareba, Michael J. Ackerman, Elizabeth S. Kaufman, David Luria, Michael Eldar, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Michael Vincent, Ilan Goldenberg
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Women with congenital long-QT syndrome experience an increased risk for cardiac events after the onset of adolescence that is more pronounced among carriers of the LQT2 genotype. We hypothesized that the hormonal changes associated with menopause may affect clinical risk in this population. Methods and Results— We used a repeated-events analysis to evaluate the risk for recurrent syncope during the menopause transition and postmenopausal periods (5 years before and after the age at onset of menopause, respectively) among 282 LQT1 (n=151) and LQT2 (n=131) women enrolled in the Long-QT Syndrome Registry. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk for recurrent syncope (n=150) among LQT2 women was significantly increased during both menopause transition (hazard ratio, 3.38; P =0.005) and the postmenopausal period (hazard ratio, 8.10; P &lt;0.001) compared with the reproductive period. The risk increase was evident among women who did or did not receive estrogen therapy. In contrast, among LQT1 women, the onset of menopause was associated with a reduction in the risk for recurrent syncope (hazard ratio, 0.19; P =0.05; P =0.02 for genotype-by-menopause interaction). Only 22 women (8%) experienced aborted cardiac arrest or sudden cardiac death during follow-up. The frequency of aborted cardiac arrest/sudden cardiac death showed a similar genotype-specific association with the onset of menopause. Conclusions— The onset of menopause is associated with a significant increase in the risk of cardiac events (dominated by recurrent episodes of syncope) in LQT2 women, suggesting that careful follow-up and continued long-term therapy are warranted in this population.
p53 Mediates Particulate Matter–induced Alveolar Epithelial Cell Mitochondria-regulated Apoptosis
Authors: Saul Soberanes, Vijayalakshmi Panduri, Gökhan M. Mutlu, Andrew Ghio, G. R. Scott Bundinger, David W. Kamp
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Rationale: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) causes lung cancer by mechanisms that are unknown, but p53 dysfunction is implicated.Objective: We determined whether p53 is required for PM-induced apoptosis in both human and rodent alveolar type (AT) 2 cells.Methods: A well-characterized form of urban PM was used to determine whether it induces mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial membrane potential change [ΔΨm] and caspase-9 activation), p53 protein and mRNA expression, and apoptosis (DNA fragmentation and annexin V staining) in vitro using A549 cells and primary isolated human and rat AT2 cells. The role of p53 was assessed using inhibitors of p53-dependent transcription, pifithrin-α, and a genetic approach (overexpressing E6 or dominant negative p53). In mice, the in vivo effects of PM causing p53 expression and apoptosis were assessed 72 h after a single PM intratracheal instillation.Measurements and Main Results: PM-induced apoptosis in A549 cells was characterized by increased p53 mRNA and protein expression, mitochondrial translocation of Bax and p53, a reduction in ΔΨm, and caspase-9 activation, and these effects were blocked by inhibiting p53-dependent transcription. Similar findings were noted in primary isolated human and rat AT2 cells. A549-ρ° cells that are incapable of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production were protected against PM-induced ΔΨm, p53 expression, and apoptosis. In mice, PM induced p53 expression and apoptosis at the bronchoalveolar duct junctions.Conclusions: These data suggest a novel interaction between p53 and the mitochondria in mediating PM-induced apoptosis that is relevant to the pathogenesis of lung cancer from air pollution.
Haemophilus parainfluenzae Liver Abscess in a Recipient of a Renal Transplant Who Had Polycystic Disease
Authors: Gary Desir
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Renal cyst infections are common in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PCKD).<sup>1</sup>In contrast, liver cysts, present in 30% of patients with polycystic kidney disease,<sup>2</sup>rarely become infected and when they do, enteric organisms are isolated.<sup>3</sup>We report a patient with polycystic kidney disease who, after undergoing kidney transplantation, experienced a liver cyst infection with<i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i>. She was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage of the abscess and a one-month course of ampicillin. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 57-year-old woman with polycystic kidney disease and renal failure underwent cadaveric renal transplantation eight months before admission. Immunosuppressive therapy initially consisted of cyclosporine (10 mg/kg/day) and prednisone (30 mg/day). The patient experienced hepatitis B virus infection during the third month after transplantation, with persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia. An abdominal ultrasound mixed-fraction examination showed several liver cysts. Six weeks before the current admission (6 1/2
A comparison of T-wave alternans, signal averaged electrocardiography and programmed ventricular stimulation for arrhythmia risk stratification
Authors: Michael R Gold, Daniel M Bloomfield, Kelley P Anderson, Nabil E El-Sherif, David J Wilber, William J Groh, N.A.Mark Estes, Elizabeth S Kaufman, Mark L Greenberg, David S Rosenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Resting TI-201 Scintigraphy in the Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease in Children With Hurler Syndrome
Authors: RENE P. du CRET, ERIC J. WEINBERG, CHRISTOPHER A. JACKSON, ELIZABETH A. BRAUNLIN, ROBERT J. BOUDREAU, CHRISTOPHER C. KUNI, BECKY M. CARPENTER, DAVID W. HUNTER, WILLIAM KRIVIT, GEOFFREY BODEAU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Severe coronary artery disease may occur early in the course of mucopolysaccharidosis. The authors present radiologic, scintigraphic, and pathologic findings in five patients with Hurler syndrome. Thallium-201 myocardial scintigraphy and selective coronary angiography obtained within 2 days to 6 months were correlated in five patients. Postmortem examination of the coronary arteries was obtained in one patient within hours of angiography. Interobserver agreement on grading of scintigraphic abnormalities was poor. Nonspecific findings on Tl-201 studies included septal abnormalities in all five patients. Scintigraphic findings were corroborated by angiography and postmortem results in only 3 of 5 patients. Our findings suggest that resting Tl-201 scintigraphy has limited value in the detection of coronary artery disease in patients with Hurler syndrome.
UNILATERAL HEMORRHAGIC GLOMERULAR NEPHRITIS
Authors: GUSTAV KOLISCHER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Until recently the so-called medical kidney diseases were not classified carefully, and the terms Bright's disease, nephritis and nephrosis were used as practically synonymous and interchangeable. Pathologic research and the comparison of such findings with clinical evidence finally made it apparent that a fundamental distinction must be made between the disorders of the renal vascular system and those concerning the tubular system. The involvement of the former unit is now called nephritis, while the term nephrosis is reserved for disturbances within the tubular system. Nephritis is a derangement of an inflammatory character; nephrosis is characterized by trophic degenerative processes. The pathology of hemorrhagic glomerular nephritis is dominated by ischemia. Macroscopic inspection will furnish points of importance in this respect. After removal of the fibrous capsule, numerous red punctations are seen. These will be observed also on the cut surface of the cortex. In pronounced cases the clogged glomeruli protrude as
Ventricular tachycardia during follow-up in patients resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation: experience from stored electrograms of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
Authors: Rudolf Rüppel, Catarina A Schlüter, Sigrid Boczor, Thomas Meinertz, Michael Schlüter, Karl-Heinz Kuck, Riccardo Cappato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
An Assessment of Eligibility for Inhaled Insulin (Exubera)
Authors: Timothy M.E. Davis, Wendy A. Davis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The product information (1) for human insulin inhalation powder (Exubera; Pfizer) recommends spirometry at baseline, 6 months postinitiation, and at least annually thereafter. Patients with a forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) <70% of that predicted for age, sex, and height should not start Exubera. In those exhibiting ≥20% decline in FEV1 during follow-up, Exubera should be discontinued. Exubera is contraindicated for patients with unstable or poorly controlled lung disease, and its efficacy and safety have not been established for patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To determine the proportions and characteristics of patients predicted to fall into these categories, we analyzed spirometric and other data from the representative community-based Fremantle Diabetes Study (FDS) (2).

The FDS was a longitudinal observational study involving 127 type 1 and 1,294 type 2 diabetic patients from a population of 120,097 in the state of Western Australia (2). Between May 1993 and September 1994, we performed spirometry on 70 type 1 and 647 type 2 diabetic patients (55 and 50% of all type 1 and type 2 diabetic FDS subjects, respectively). We had additional data from 107 nonsmoking Europid type 2 diabetic patients with no history of chronic respiratory disease who were restudied a mean ± SD 7.0 ± 0.5 years later. Aspects of the data from the type 2 patients …
A memorable patient: My only patient in general practice
Authors: J. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (1997)

I was a medical student, on my general practice placement, and my medical knowledge was confined to what a pharmacology intercalated BSc course and a year's clinical medicine had taught me. That morning, the singlehanded general practitioner's receptionist said that he was ill and asked me to come back in an hour's time. I was naive enough for this to strike me as ironic, and returned to find the receptionist and the doctor's non-medical wife looking worried. They asked me to have a look at him. I was shocked to see him heavily sedated, with pin point pupils. With a bit of shaking I roused him and discovered …
Intentionality and information processing: An alternative model for cognitive science
Authors: Kenneth M. Sayre
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1986)

Abstract This article responds to two unresolved and crucial problems of cognitive science: (1) What is actually accomplished by functions of the nervous system that we ordinarily describe in the intentional idiom? and (2) What makes the information processing involved in these functions semantic? It is argued that, contrary to the assumptions of many cognitive theorists, the computational approach does not provide coherent answers to these problems, and that a more promising start would be to fall back on mathematical communication theory and, with the help of evolutionary biology and neurophysiology, to attempt a characterization of the adaptive processes involved in visual perception. Visual representations are explained as patterns of cortical activity that are enabled to focus on objects in the changing visual environment by constantly adjusting to maintain levels of mutual information between pattern and object that are adequate for continuing perceptual control. In these terms, the answer proposed to (1) is that the intentional functions of vision are those involved in the establishment and maintenance of such representations, and to (2) that semantic features are added to the information processes of vision with the focus on objects that these representations accomplish. The article concludes with proposals for extending this account of intentionality to the higher domains of conceptualization and reason, and with speculation about how semantic information-processing might be achieved in mechanical systems.
Intrabronchial Electrocardiography
Authors: PAUL H. LANGNER, JOSEPH P. ATKINS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The Einthoven hypothesis implies that differences in the conductivity of body tissues are not sufficiently great to invalidate the concept that the body is a homogeneous volume conductor. Some investigators believe the lungs are sufficiently poor conductors to make questionable the concept that the body can be regarded as a homogeneous volume conductor. Intrabronchial electrocardiography is presented as a possible method for studying this problem. In ten individuals without manifest cardiac disease the distribution of potential variations in the lungs as manifested by the QRS complexes corresponded approximately and qualitatively with the distribution of the QRS complexes recorded from the body surfaces.
Cimetidine and thrombocytopenia.
Authors: V M Yates, R E Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1980)

malignant processes did develop, by contrast, in others of their patients, who had received irradiation alone or in combination with various other multiple-agent chemotherapy regimens, in conformity with data presented by several other investigators.1-3A possible explanation for these results lies in the observation reported by the Late Effects Study Group, which found that actinomycin D appeared to decrease the risk of radiationassociated second malignant neoplasms by a factor of 7.4 Adriamycin, one of the agents in ABVD, resembles actinomycin D in certain fundamental and clinical ways.Both are antibiotics that intercalate-in the DNA molecule and both are radiation enhancers and reactivators.5t; Thus it is possible that adriamycin is acting like actinomycin D in protecting against radiation-associated cancers.This possibility is given some credence in view of the fact that 2 60, of the patients reported by Mr Valagussa and his colleagues who received only irradiation developed second tumours within five years and 14 9o0 did so within 10 years.Of additional interest is the fact that second tumours were observed in irradiated patients given the five-drug regimen MABOP.The latter contains adriamycin, but also includes nitrogen mustard and procarbazine.The latter two alkylating agents have been widely held to be oncogenic in their own right.7 8 This suggests that adriamycin-if it does act like actinomycin D in protecting against second tumours following irradiation-is not efficient for this purpose when alkylating agents are concerned.It will be important to see whether the experience accumulated in other groups of irradiated patients who receive adriamycin with or without alkylating agents with high oncogenic potential duplicate the very in- terestinig and thought-provoking results reported by the Milan investigators.The implications regarding choice of treatment for patients requiring combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy are obvious.
The asbestos cancer epidemic.
Authors: Joseph LaDou
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The asbestos cancer epidemic may take as many as 10 million lives before asbestos is banned worldwide and exposures are brought to an end. In many developed countries, in the most affected age groups, mesothelioma may account for 1% of all deaths. In addition to mesotheliomas, 5-7% of all lung cancers can be attributed to occupational exposures to asbestos. The asbestos cancer epidemic would have been largely preventable if the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labor Organization (ILO) had responded early and responsibly. The WHO was late in recognizing the epidemic and failed to act decisively after it was well under way. The WHO and the ILO continue to fail to address the problem of asbestos mining, manufacturing, and use and world trade of a known human carcinogen. Part of the problem is that the WHO and the ILO have allowed organizations such as the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) and other asbestos industry advocates to manipulate them and to distort scientific evidence. The global asbestos cancer epidemic is a story of monumental failure to protect the public health.
Vaccine coverage: recent trends and future prospects.
Authors: J. M. White, S. J. Gillam, N. T. Begg, C. P. Farrington
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To assess the feasibility of achieving the target of 95% coverage for the childhood immunisation schedule by 1995 and to determine the influence of sociodemographic factors and information systems on recent trends.Analyses of trends in quarterly vaccination data for diphtheria, pertussis, and measles in health districts between February 1988 and February 1991.District health authorities in England and Wales, and health and social services boards in Northern Ireland.Cohorts of children whose youngest member had reached the target age of 18 months for receiving the third doses of diphtheria and pertussis vaccines and 2 years for receiving measles vaccine.Predicted coverage levels for mid-1995 were in excess of 95% for diphtheria, pertussis, and measles vaccines. In the 118 districts that continuously reported between February 1988 and February 1991 the increase in coverage was 6% for diphtheria and 13% for pertussis and measles vaccines. 1991 coverage depended primarily on 1988 coverage. The additional effects of deprivation, change in computer system, and child population size achieved at most only marginal statistical significance.The government's target of 95% coverage by 1995 is realistic, although projections should be viewed with caution. Several national vaccination initiatives are likely to have contributed to the recent steady increase in coverage. Updating and validation exercises are likely to improve recorded coverage.
664 AN ACCURATE DEFINITION OF THE STATUS OF INACTIVE HBSAG CARRIER (IC) BY A COMBINATION OF BIOMARKERS AND VIRAL LOAD (VL)
Authors: Y. Ngo, Y. Benhamou, V. Thibault, P. Ingiliz, M. Munteanu, P. Lebray, D. Thabut, R. Morra, D. Messous, F. Imbert-Bismut, V. Ratziu, T. Poynard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
DANGER OF SERUM IN ASTHMA
Authors: H. F. Gillette
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, Dec. 3, 1932, a report is made by the Bureau of Investigation concerning one Brengle and forty successful treatments, including some sure cures, in which injections of diphtheria antitoxin are advised for the cure of asthma.  Jan. 26, 1909, I read a paper before the New York State Medical Society entitled Untoward Results from Diphtheria Antitoxin, with Special Reference to Asthma. The clinical history of twenty-eight cases was furnished in which either death or collapse followed the injection of horse serum. Fifteen patients died, thirteen experienced a severe shock, and one patient, after a year of illness, died. When death followed the injection, it came usually within ten minutes of the injection, from respiratory failure, the heart action continuing for some time after respiration ceased. Reports had been published before this date of death or shock following the use of serum, but this paper