tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mite allergen (Der p 1) levels in houses of children with atopic dermatitis: the relationship with allergometric tests
Authors: None RICCI, None PATRIZI, None SPECCHIA, None MENNA, None BOTTAU, None D'ANGELO, None MASI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Several studies, in particular in adult groups, have evaluated the involvement of mites in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). This still remains controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the level of house dust mites (HDMs) in the beds of a group of children with AD and correlate these levels with their allergometric assessment. Forty-one children with AD underwent allergometric tests (prick test, patch test and radioallergosorbent test, RAST) and the concentration levels of HDMs in their homes were evaluated. Our data show that about half of the children (51%) with AD presented Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus positivity (prick test and/or RAST and/or patch test). Dust was collected in the period October–November from the children's beds, by the same two operators, using a dust-collection device. The dust mite level was tested by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with antibody against Der p 1 allergen. Ten children (24%) presented a Der p 1 concentration > 2 μg/g of dust (the value assumed to be a risk level for sensitization), 20 (49%) between 0.1 and 2 μg/g and 11 (27%) < 0.1 μg/g of dust. In the group with the highest Der p 1 concentration (> 2 μg/g dust) nine children (90%) presented an allergometric D. pteronyssinus sensitivity, the difference with the other two groups being statistically significant at P < 0.018. The results of the present study show that the highest HDM concentrations were observed in the group with an allergometric D. pteronyssinus positivity (prick test and/or RAST and/or patch test). It is hypothesized that a higher HDM concentration may elicit D. pteronyssinus IgE sensitization and delayed hypersensitivity in children with AD.
Acute Pyogenic Meningitis Probably Due to Acanthamoeba sp.: a Preliminary Report
Authors: M. Fowler, R. F. Carter
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Diverticulum of Female Urethra-Ferris MEDICAL JOURNA urethra.Case 1 had been investigated thoroughly on three different occasions but'not diagnosed, and had the diverticulum not remained filled at the time of the recent examination the nature of the complaint would have again been missed.In Case 2 the problem was of treatment and not of diagnosis.A more conservative approach was employed in the first instance in view of the proximity of the forthcoming confinement.In retrospect it is felt that the use of Ellik's procedure would have been less difficult than surgical excision in the presence of the considerable chronic inflammatory reaction.Case 3 in par- ticular would tend to favour the congenital origin of the lesion.As three cases of urethral diverticulum were diagnosed by me in a period of two years the condition is obviously more common than I suspected.This knowledge should lead to a more frequent diagnosis of the lesion in the future. SummaryDiverticula of the female urethra have often been reported in America in the past 20 years, while reference to them in the British literature is still scanty.Three cases of diverticulum are presented and discussed.A short summary of the aetiology, symptomatology, and treatment is presented.
Transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: G H Friedland, R S Klein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

THE likely routes of transmission of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were established before an etiologic agent was identified. The appearance of AIDS in disparate populations, connected only by probable routes of transmission, was among the initial pieces of evidence suggesting an infectious cause. First described among homosexual men in June 1981,1 AIDS was recognized among intravenous drug users and Haitians the following year2 , 3 and among recipients of blood or blood products,4 , 5 infants born to mothers at risk,6 heterosexual sexual partners of patients with AIDS,7 and Africans8 by early 1983. These populations were clustered into a hierarchy of mutually exclusive . . .
Inhibition of Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis by Broccoli Sprouts
Authors: Rex Munday, Paulette Mhawech-Fauceglia, Christine M. Munday, Joseph D. Paonessa, Li Tang, John S. Munday, Carolyn Lister, Paula Wilson, Jed W. Fahey, Warren Davis, Yuesheng Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Isothiocyanates are a well-known class of cancer chemopreventive agents, and broccoli sprouts are a rich source of several isothiocyanates. We report herein that dietary administration to rats of a freeze-dried aqueous extract of broccoli sprouts significantly and dose-dependently inhibited bladder cancer development induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine. The incidence, multiplicity, size, and progression of bladder cancer were all inhibited by the extract, while the extract itself caused no histologic changes in the bladder. Moreover, inhibition of bladder carcinogenesis by the extract was associated with significant induction of glutathione S-transferase and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 in the bladder, enzymes that are important protectants against oxidants and carcinogens. Isothiocyanates are metabolized to dithiocarbamates in vivo, but dithiocarbamates readily dissociate to isothiocyanates. We found that >70% of the isothiocyanates present in the extract were excreted in the urine as isothiocyanate equivalents (isothiocyanates + dithiocarbamates) in 12 h after a single p.o. dose, indicating high bioavailability and rapid urinary excretion. In addition, the concentrations of isothiocyanate equivalents in the urine of extract-treated rats were 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than those in plasma, indicating that the bladder epithelium, the major site of bladder cancer development, is most exposed to p.o. dosed isothiocyanate. Indeed, tissue levels of isothiocyanate equivalents in the bladder were significantly higher than in the liver. In conclusion, broccoli sprout extract is a highly promising substance for bladder cancer prevention and the isothiocyanates in the extract are selectively delivered to the bladder epithelium through urinary excretion.
Early Clinical Experience with Homotransplantation of the Aortic Valve
Authors: RONALD J. NELSON, HITOSHI MOHRI, LOREN C. WINTERSCHEID, DAVID H. DILLARD, K. ALVIN MERENDINO
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Twenty-five patients with predominant aortic valvular disease have had replacement with a homograft aortic valve inserted after the fashion of Barratt-Boyes. Recently used valves have been stored at -80 C, allowing prolonged storage and rapid reconstitution. There were five early deaths (20%), none of which was directly attributable to the choice of valve. Of three late deaths (12%) in up to 18 months follow-up, two were found to be due to complications of the valve resulting in aortic regurgitation-one secondary to a peripheral leak, the other to a fungal endocarditis. All 17 survivors are greatly improved. All 11 patients who have survived over four months have returned to their former occupations. Five (29%) have no murmurs and 12 (71%) have no diastolic murmur. The five that have diastolic murmurs all show evidence of improvement. Tailoring the recipient annulus to fit the donor valve by means of "V" excision of the noncoronary sinus has been very important in minimizing the problem of valvular insufficiency. Recatheterization at one year has revealed no systolic gradient in four patients. Aortic regurgitation was minimal in one patient. There has been no thromboembolism, although anticoagulants are not used. These promising early results support continued use and evaluation of the homograft aortic valve.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE SHOCK THERAPIES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: FRED FELDMAN, SAMUEL SUSSELMAN, S. EUGENE BARRERA
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1947)

The shock therapies have provided a portion of relief for the enigmas of schizophrenia. However, socio-economic problems of considerable import have emerged together with the partial successes of this therapy. For one thing, there has been a subtle shift of responsibility for the care of the mentally ill patient from the state to the individual family in many instances. Secondly, the family has been burdened with issues other than the immediate care of the patient, including changes in their living habits. Perhaps the major question which many families have been poorly prepared to meet lies in the responsibility for resumption of treatment at the proper time. Suggestions have been made for a plan designed to meet some of these problems. They embrace psychiatric, social and economic considerations together with a program for mental hygiene.
Microvesicles secreted by macrophages shuttle invasion-potentiating microRNAs into breast cancer cells
Authors: Mei Yang, Jingqi Chen, Fang Su, Bin Yu, Fengxi Su, Ling Lin, Yujie Liu, Jian-Dong Huang, Erwei Song
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2011)

Abstract Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are alternatively activated cells induced by interleukin-4 (IL-4)-releasing CD4 + T cells. TAMs promote breast cancer invasion and metastasis; however, the mechanisms underlying these interactions between macrophages and tumor cells that lead to cancer metastasis remain elusive. Previous studies have found microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in the peripheral blood and have identified microvesicles, or exosomes, as mediators of cell-cell communication. Therefore, one alternative mechanism for the promotion of breast cancer cell invasion by TAMs may be through macrophage-secreted exosomes, which would deliver invasion-potentiating miRNAs to breast cancer cells. Results We utilized a co-culture system with IL-4-activated macrophages and breast cancer cells to verify that miRNAs are transported from macrophages to breast cancer cells. The shuttling of fluorescently-labeled exogenous miRNAs from IL-4-activated macrophages to co-cultivated breast cancer cells without direct cell-cell contact was observed. miR-223, a miRNA specific for IL-4-activated macrophages, was detected within the exosomes released by macrophages and was significantly elevated in the co-cultivated SKBR3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasiveness of the co-cultivated breast cancer cells decreased when the IL-4-activated macrophages were treated with a miR-223 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) that would inhibit miR-223 expression. Furthermore, results from a functional assay revealed that miR-223 promoted the invasion of breast cancer cells via the Mef2c-β-catenin pathway. Conclusions We conclude that macrophages regulate the invasiveness of breast cancer cells through exosome-mediated delivery of oncogenic miRNAs. Our data provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the metastasis-promoting interactions between macrophages and breast cancer cells.
Liposomal doxorubicin in the treatment of metastasized angiosarcoma
Authors: V. Waldmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Liposomal doxorubicin in the treatment of metastasized angiosarcoma Get access V. Waldmann V. Waldmann Institute for Psychosomatic Medicine, Psychotherapy and Medical Psychology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Langerstr. 3, D‐81675 Munich, Germany E‐mail: V.Waldmann@lrz.tum.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 3, 1 March 2003, Page 606, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05209_13.x Published: 01 March 2003
Memorandum to the President-elect. Parameters for health system reform
Authors: A. P. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Subsidise artemisinin for malaria to delay resistance, say analysts
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A mixture of subsidy and market forces is being touted as a way to promote the use of combination therapy for treating malaria, which the World Health Organization has recommended since 2001. The long term goal is to reduce and delay the emergence of resistance to the artemisinin family of compounds and extend their lives as effective drugs.

“If we used artemisins in the same way we used chloroquines, which was as a monotherapy, the chance that we would lose it within about 10 years is extremely high,” said Ramanan Laxminarayan, a policy analyst with the charity Resources for the Future. He was speaking at a forum in Washington, DC, …
When Is A Carrier Not A Membrane Carrier? the Cytoplasmic Transport of Amphipathic Molecules
Authors: R A Weisiger
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

After entering the cell, small molecules must penetrate the cytoplasm before they are metabolized, excreted, or can convey information to the cell nucleus. Without efficient cytoplasmic transport, most such molecules would efflux back out of the cell before they could reach their targets. Cytoplasmic movement of amphipathic molecules (e.g., long–chain fatty acids, bilirubin, bile acids) is greatly slowed by their tendency to bind intracellular structures. Soluble cytoplasmic binding proteins reduce this binding by increasing the aqueous solubility of their ligands. These soluble carriers catalyze the transport of hydrophobic molecules across hydrophilic water layers, just as membrane carriers catalyze the transport of hydrophilic molecules across the hydrophobic membrane core. They even display the kinetic features of carrier–mediated transport, including saturation, mutual competition between similar molecules, and countertransport. Recent data suggest that amphipathic molecules cross the cytoplasm very slowly, with apparent diffusion constants 102 to 104 times smaller than in water. By modulating the rate of cytoplasmic transport, cytosolic binding proteins may regulate transport and metabolism of amphipathic molecules. Storage diseases may cause hepatocellular dysfunction by disrupting normal cytoplasmic transport.
AIDS warrior Joyce Wallace hopes to shelter homeless hookers
Authors: D. L. Breo
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
More research and better behaviour
Authors: Jane Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

More research and better behaviourLast week we had a theme issue on what the rich world could learn from the poor.This week, the cynics will say, it's back to normal: citizens of the rich world only really care about a poor world problem when it might affect them.An Education and Debate article (p 1231) points out that there's now a sudden interest in organophosphate poisoning in the West because of the fear of chemical attacks by terrorists.Yet organophosphate poisoning has long been a major health problem in many developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region, from poorly controlled pesticides.Actually Nick Buckley and his colleagues aren't that cynical.They argue for better research into organophosphate poisoning because it's in everyone's interest.The standard antidote, atropine, isn't known to be effective, and no new treatments have been developed or tested for the past 30 years.Buckley and his colleagues show that several compounds may be promising-and they suggest that money should be diverted from stockpiling unproved antidotes to researching some new ones.There's another rich world-poor world conundrum in Rajendra Kale's and Emilio Perucca's editorial about rehabilitating phenobarbital for epilepsy (p 1196).It's much prescribed in developing countries, but has fallen into disrepute in developed ones.The authors argue
Outcomes improve in babies conceived by assisted reproduction, Nordic study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Perinatal outcomes have improved in children conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) over the past 20 years, figures from Nordic countries have shown. The data also showed fewer stillbirths or deaths in the first year of life and a reduction in the number of babies born preterm or with low birth weight.

Researchers analysed data on more than 92 000 children born from ART in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from 1988 to 2007.1 Outcomes in the 62 379 ART singletons in the study were compared with a control group of more than 300 000 spontaneously conceived babies, and outcomes in …
Demonstration of Segmental Bile Duct Dilatation on Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid Imaging
Authors: ROGER N. LEEKAM, LALITHA SHANKAR, T ARNOLD BAYLEY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Segmental bile duct obstruction and dilatation is known to cause diminished lobar isotope uptake and linear photon-deficient areas on Tc-99m HIDA imaging. Both findings were well demonstrated on Tc-99m sulfur colloid imaging in a patient with a central hepatic mass causing biliary obstruction.
Heparin Treatment Of Uremic Itching
Authors: H. Yatzidis
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Cutaneous itching is sometimes a very persistent manifestation of advanced renal failure. Its origin remains unexplained, except for the cases in which it was drastically relieved by parathyroidectomy.<sup>1,2</sup>Itching is usually relieved by hemodialysis temporarily, so that the life of certain patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis who have distressing itching becomes comfertable. Whether this transient relief of itching results exclusively from dialysis per se or is related to some other factors has not as yet been eliminated. With regard to this problem, our relative observations suggest that heparin may have been at least partly responsible and would be used in the management of uremic itching. During past years, we studied five patients who complained of intolerable itching that was unresponsive to local, oral, or parenteral treatment with different drugs, mainly antihistamines and corticosteroids. The patients were in a good state for 15 to 30 months while undergoing
Heparin-binding secretory transforming gene (hst) facilitates rat lactotrope cell tumorigenesis and induces prolactin gene transcription.
Authors: I Shimon, A Hüttner, J Said, O M Spirina, S Melmed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We have shown previously that human prolactinomas express transforming sequences of the heparin-binding secretory transforming gene (hst) which encodes fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4). To elucidate the role of hst in pituitary tumorigenesis we treated primary rat pituitary and pituitary tumor cell cultures with recombinant FGF-4 and also stably transfected pituitary cell lines with full-length human hst cDNA. Transfectants were screened for hst mRNA expression and FGF-4 production. FGF-4 (0.1-50 ng/ml) caused a dose-dependent 2.5-fold increase of prolactin (PRL) secretion (P < 0.001) in GH4 cells and up to 60% (P < 0.05) in primary cultures, while decreasing growth hormone release (P < 0.001). GH4 hst transfectants displayed markedly enhanced basal PRL secretion (threefold, P < 0.001) and also proliferated faster (P < 0.001). FGF-4 treatment of wild-type GH4 cells, transiently transfected with an expression construct (rPRL.luc) containing a luciferase reporter driven by the rPRL promoter, resulted in a dose-dependent increase of up to 3.3-fold in PRL transcriptional activity. Tumors derived from in vivo subcutaneous injection of GH4 hst-transfected cells strongly expressing FGF-4 grew more aggressively as assessed by histologic invasiveness and proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining (P < 0.01). The results indicate that hst overexpression mediates lactotrope tumor growth and potently stimulates PRL synthesis. Thus, hst may directly facilitate prolactinoma development via paracrine or autocrine action of its secreted protein, FGF-4.
Increasing incidence of withholding and withdrawal of life support from the critically ill.
Authors: T J Prendergast, J M Luce
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

To determine whether limits to life-sustaining care are becoming more common, we attempted to quantify the incidence of recommendations to withhold or withdraw life support from critically ill patients, to describe how patients respond to these recommendations, and to examine how conflicts over these recommendations are resolved. In 1992 and 1993 we prospectively enrolled 179 consecutive patients from two intensive care units (ICUs) for whom a recommendation was made to withhold or withdraw life support. Where possible, we compared results with data collected in the same units over a similar time period in 1987 and 1988. Recommendations to withhold or withdraw life support preceded 179 of 200 deaths (90%) in 1992 and 1993, compared with 114 of 224 deaths (51%) in 1987 and 1988 (chi2 = 73.76, p < 0.001]. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated in 10% of deaths in 1992 and 1993 as compared with 49% in 1987 and 1988. Ninety percent of patients agreed within less than 5 d, and only eight patients (4%) refused physicians' recommendations to limit life support. In cases of conflict, physicians in 1992 and 1993 deferred to patients with one exception: physicians were willing to refuse surrogate requests for resuscitation of patients they considered hopelessly ill. We conclude that 90% of patients who die in these ICUs now do so following a decision to limit therapy, that this represents a major change in practice in these institutions over a period of 5 yr, that most patients and surrogates accept an appropriate recommendation to withhold or withdraw life support, and that physicians will refuse surrogate requests in certain circumstances.