tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Galactose elimination capacity and liver volume in aging man
Authors: Giulio Marchesini, Vincenzo Bua, Alessandra Brunori, Giampaolo Bianchi, Paolo Pisi, Andrea Fabbri, Marco Zoli, Emilio Pisi
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

The galactose elimination capacity, a measure of the functional liver cell mass, and liver volume were measured in 50 normal subjects of five different age groups (<50, 51 to 60, 61 to 70, 71 to 80 and >81 years). The volume of the liver was evaluated by ultrasonography. All subjects had normal routine liver function tests and no history of liver disease. Galactose elimination progressively decreased from 3.05 ± 0.58 (S.D.) mmoles per min in younger subjects to 1.83 ± 0.24 mmoles per min in subjects over 81 (p < 0.00003), without any change in the apparent volume of distribution of the sugar. Similarly, the estimated volume of the liver decreased from 110 ± 14 units to 75 ± 13 units with increasing age (p < 0.0002). Both galactose elimination capacity and the estimated liver volume inversely correlated with age (r = 0.728 and r = −0.579, respectively) whereas a positive correlation was observed between galactose elimination and the estimated liver volume (r = 0.520). Part correlation analysis confirmed that age, when entered in a multiple regression already containing body weight and estimated liver volume as independent variables, had a significant effect on liver function, whereas no significant independent effect of liver volume was present. Both age and body weight had a significant independent effect on the estimated liver volume. The maximum functional capacity of the liver, measured by galactose elimination, is reduced in the elderly. Although several factors may play a role, our data suggest that aging is associated with a slight decline in the intrinsic metabolic activity of the hepatic parenchyma.
Abstract 47: Pyruvate kinase M2 is a target of the tumor-suppressive microRNA-326 and regulates the survival of glioma cells
Authors: Benjamin A. Kefas
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Emerging studies have identified microRNAs as possible therapeutic tools for the treatment of glioma, the most aggressive brain tumor. Their important targets in this tumor are not well understood. We recently found that the Notch pathway is a target of microRNA-326. Ectopic expression of microRNA-326 in glioma and glioma stem cells induced their apoptosis and reduced their metabolic activity. Computational target gene prediction revealed pyruvate kinase type M2 (PKM2) as another target of microRNA-326. PKM2 has recently been shown to play a key role in cancer cell metabolism. To investigate whether it might be a functionally important target of miR-326, we used RNA interference to knock down PKM2 expression in glioma cells. Transfection of established glioma and glioma stem cells with PKM2 siRNA reduced their growth, cellular invasion, metabolic activity with decreased ATP and glutathione levels, and activated AMP-activated protein kinase. The cytotoxic effects exhibited by PKM2 knockdown in glioma and glioma stem cells were not observed in transformed human astrocytes. Western blot analysis of human glioblastoma specimens showed high levels of PKM2 protein but none was observed in normal brain samples. Our data suggest PKM2 inhibition as a therapy for glioblastoma, with the potential for minimal toxicity to the brain. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 47.
Seborrhoeic keratosis removal in a multicentre phase I/II clinical trial using a novel topical formulation (BL-5010)
Authors: E. Levy-Nissenbaum, H.B. Thio, P. Burstein, D. Thaci
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Seborrhoeic keratosis removal in a multicentre phase I/II clinical trial using a novel topical formulation (BL‐5010) Get access E. Levy‐Nissenbaum, E. Levy‐Nissenbaum BioLineRx Ltd Jerusalem Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.B. Thio, H.B. Thio Department of Dermatology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Burstein, P. Burstein Innovative Pharmaceutical Concepts Inc. Ramat HaSharon Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Thaci D. Thaci Comprehensive Center of Inflammation Medicine University Hospital Schleswig Holstein Campus Lübeck Lübeck Germany Correspondence: Diamant Thaci. E‐mail: Diamant.Thaci@uksh.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 1, 1 July 2015, Pages 247–249, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13623 Published: 01 July 2015
The effects of vitamin E deficiency on rat skin
Authors: A. IGARASHI, M. UZUKA, K. NAKAJIMA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

The effect of vitamin E deficiency on the levels of lipid peroxide and solubility of collagen was investigated in Wistar rats that were fed a vitamin E deficient diet for 3 and 6 months. The lipid peroxide content in the skin and subcutaneous tissue was markedly increased as compared with that of control rats on a normal diet. The lipid peroxide content in the tissues of rats deficient in vitamin E for 3 months, was greater than that found in those on the diet for 6 months. The effect of UV irradiation on the lipid peroxide content in the skin of control rats was not significant, but there was a marked difference in lipid peroxide content in those animals on a deficient diet. The amount of insoluble collagen in the skin of rats on a vitamin E deficient diet for 6 months was increased and by more than in those animals on the diet for 3 months. The amount of soluble collagen in the rats deficient in vitamin E for 6 months was markedly reduced when compared with those on the diet for 3 months. These results suggest that vitamin E deficiency promotes the peroxidation of lipids and accelerates the cross-linking of collagen in the skin.
Questions about comparative genomics of SARS coronavirus isolates
Authors: Edison Liu
Journal: The Lancet (2003)

Authors' reply Sir—Lowell Wood raises concerns about our analysis of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) strains, questioning the small number of mutations described. Although Wood is correct in his theoretical calculations, which are based on generalised in-vitro experiments, three explanations can be invoked to address his concerns. First, despite a high mutational frequency of the SARS-CoV, the ultimate clone that emerges is dependent on positive and negative in-vivo selection; only those clones that have a replicative benefit (even a small advantage) will emerge as the dominant isolate. Since our sequencing method is based on direct analysis of PCR products, the full mutational heterogeneity in a viral population from one individual cannot be estimated. For example, a mutation that is present in only one in 1000 viruses within one isolate will simply not be detected, nor is it likely to be biologically important. Second, only a fraction of the viral particles present in body fluid is capable of infection, with that fraction highly dependent on the presence of antibodies, the viral load of the patient, the source of the body fluid, and the amount of time that the fluid is out of the host's body. Thus, Wood's assumption that every viral particle in a host could be infectious and equally capable of passage is incorrect and would result in a gross overestimate of in-vivo viral genetic diversity. Third, the dynamic of the SARS epidemic is dependent on infection by a small number of so-called superspreaders. This pattern would, in effect, result in the clonal expansion of a limited number of viral isolates in this SARS-CoV epidemic. Taken together, clinical and in-vivo studies of limited isolates from early branch cases derived from only two or three index cases can be expected to show modest genetic diversity severely restricted by chance events, such as case contacts, and by biological selection. Questions about comparative genomics of SARS coronavirus isolatesYiJun Ruan and colleagues' analysis (May 24, p 1779)1 of the comparative genomics of coronavirus isolates from 14 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is to be welcomed. Two questions, however, are begged by their survey. Full-Text PDF
Physician Involvement With Medicaid's Home- and Community-Based Services Waiver Program
Authors: Bruce C. Vladeck
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health Education Centers
Authors: Margaret S. Gordon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The uneven distribution of physicians and other health personnel in the United States is a familiar problem and a matter of grave concern to all those interested in overcoming shortages of health manpower. In 1965, the number of active non-federal physicians per 100,000 population ranged from 89 in the East South Central states to 171 in the Middle Atlantic states.<sup>1</sup>If we consider data for individual states (excluding the District of Columbia), we find that the differences tend to be even more pronounced, ranging from 69 in Alaska and Mississippi to 199 in New York in 1967.<sup>2</sup>Similar differences are found for other health manpower categories, such as dentists and nurses. In general, states with low ratios of health manpower to population tend to be characterized by low per capita income or sparse population or both. Multivariate analyses of factors associated with differences in physician-population ratios, summarized by
Immunofluorescent localization of immunoglobulins, complement, and fibrinogen in human diseases. I. Systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: F Paronetto, D Koffler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

Immunological mechanisms have been considered to play a major role in the pathogenesis of sys- temic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Although y-globulin and complement have been demon- strated in the renal lesions of SLE (1-10), the specific immunoglobulins have not been character- ized.The presence of fibrin has been previously noted (8, 10, 11), but the relationship of glomeru- lar fibrin deposition to renal damage has not been ascertained.Therefore, the fluorescent antibody technique was employed to study the localization of the following proteins in tissue lesions: 1) im- munoglobulins (Y2-, y1M-, and ylA-globulins), 2) p1c-globulin (complement), 3) fibrinogen, and 4) other plasma proteins (a2-macroglobulin and al- bumin). Methods-Necropsy specimens of kidney, liver, spleen, and heart from 16 patients with SLE and 4 normal kidneys from patients with no evidence of renal disease were frozen in dry ice-isopentane and stored at -20°C.Clinically characteristic cases of SLE with positive LE cell tests were chosen.The pertinent clinical and pathologic fea- tures are summarized in Table I.All specimens from patients with SLE showed a moderate to severe nephri- tis with typical wire loop lesions, focal necrosis, and oc- casional hematoxylin bodies.Arteriolar fibrinoid necro- sis was present in the kidneys and spleen and occasionally in the heart and liver.Formalin fixed paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gomori's elastica stain, phosphotung- stic acid-hematoxylin (PTAH), and Lendrum's fibrin stain (12) and were subjected to the periodic acid Schiff reaction after diastase treatment.
Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed To Alternaria Release IL-18 Independent Of NALP3/Caspase-1 Pathway By Inducing Autophagy and Nf-Kb Activation
Authors: Hiroki Murai, Shintaro Okazaki, Hisako Hayashi, Akiko Kawakita, Motoko Yasutomi, Mitsufumi Mayumi, Sanjiv Sur, Yusei Ohshima
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Reconstructive three-dimensional tissue doppler imaging for quantifying left ventricular myocardial infarction area after coronary artery occlusion: an in vivo chronic animal study
Authors: Huifang Wang, Xiaokui Li, Michael Jones, Crispin H. Davies, Julia C. Swanson-Birchill, Rosemary A. Rusk, Sebastian T. Schindera, Arthur D. Zetts, Glenn R. Lie, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Teenage rape victim is stoned to death as violence sweeps Somalia
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A 13 year old girl was publicly stoned to death last week in Somalia, as a new upsurge in violence and piracy threaten to disrupt humanitarian assistance to hundreds of thousands displaced by fighting in the country.

Aisha Ibrahim Duhulow was killed on 27 October by a group of 50 men who stoned her to death in a stadium in the southern port of Kismaayo, an area recently recaptured by Islamist insurgents, in front of around 1000 spectators.

She was accused of adultery, in breach of Islamic law, but her father and other sources told Amnesty International that she had in fact been raped by three men.

After the rape her family attempted to …
THE PRACTICAL USES OF ELECTRICITY IN MEDICINE
Authors: CHARLES S. POTTS
Journal: JAMA (1910)

progress has been made toward relieving the obstinate consti¬ pation.This is so in a limited number of cases, however. 1 have lately also tried beet-root, but am not as yet prepared to give a report on these cases.Du. .1.L. Mouse, Boston: I am sorry that Dr. Kerley has had so much trouble with agar-agar, and I wish he would try it again.I want to repeat that agar-agar is not a drug, at least, I do not consider it a drug.It, is merely a method of keeping the feces moist and increasing their amount.It does .
Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Wei-Jen Shih
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Dr Friedland 1 presents impressive positron emission tomographic images made before and after the placement of a shunt in a patient with normal-pressure hydrocephalus. The images show postoperative recovery in cerebral glucose metabolism, especially pronounced in the temporal and parietal cortices. Positron emission tomography using fludeoxyglucose F 18 may become a routine procedure for evaluation before and after operation in patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus.  While the study by Dr Friedland used computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography for diagnostic imaging and postoperative evaluation, he made no mention of radionuclide (indium 111-labeled pentetic acid or ytterbium 169-labeled pentetate) cisternography for the diagnosis of normal-pressure hydrocephalus. We believe that radionuclide cisternography can provide information on the status of the cerebrospinal circulation. Images of the head taken at 3 to 6, 24, and 48 hours following the intrathecal injection of 0.5 to 1.0 mCi of 111 Inlabeled
A common intronic variant of CXCR3 is functionally associated with gene expression levels and the polymorphic immune cell responses to stimuli
Authors: Jung-Won Choi, Choon-Sik Park, Minyoung Hwang, Hye-Young Nam, Hun Soo Chang, Seong Gyu Park, Bok-Ghee Han, Kuchan Kimm, Hyung Lae Kim, Bermseok Oh, Yeonjung Kim
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
The Search for a Better Oral Rehydration Solution for Cholera
Authors: G.H. Rabbani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Oral rehydration therapy was developed in the 1960s. During the past three decades it has been used widely and successfully in the treatment of cholera and other diarrheal diseases. The use of oral rehydration therapy prevents the deaths of 1 million to 2 million children each year.1 Cholera is an old, killer disease with the potential to create great pandemics. The disease is endemic in Asia, and there have been recent epidemics in Africa and Latin America and sporadic cases in the United States. These epidemics, together with the isolation and spread of a new type of vibrio cholera, O139 . . .
Dynamics of normal and injured human liver regeneration after hepatectomy as assessed on the basis of computed tomography and liver function
Authors: Naoki Yamanaka, Eizo Okamoto, Eisuke Kawamura, Toshihiro Kato, Tsuyoshi Oriyama, Jiro Fujimoto, Kazutaka Furukawa, Tsuneo Tanaka, Fumihito Tomoda, Wataru Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

We compared liver volume and function kinetics after partial hepatectomy according to extent of resection and severity of coexisting liver disease in 57 adults with uneventful postoperative courses. Liver volume and massiveness of resection, or resection rate, were estimated on computed tomography. Patients were categorized into three groups on the basis of reaction rate: small (< 30%), medium (30%-50%) and large (> 50%). The regenerative patterns of normal livers in the medium and large groups consisted of three phases: a rapid increase during the first month, some decrease in the second month and a final, slower increase. This contrasted with the pattern of injured livers with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, which generally showed a phase of less rapid, gradual increase. The regeneration rate (volume gain, cm3/day) during the first month was found to be proportional to resection rate in the presence or absence of liver disease. Normal livers regenerated at least twice as rapidly as injured livers in patients with comparable resection rates. Normal livers reached plateau levels within 1 to 2 mo regardless of the massiveness of resection, whereas regeneration took 3 to 5 mo in injured livers. Liver function (albumin, bilirubin) recovered concomitantly with liver volume in the medium group, whereas in the large group they generally returned to their initial values behind volume restoration, particularly in cirrhotic patients. In conclusion, human liver regeneration is strongly influenced by the massiveness of the resection and presence of coexisting liver disease. However, we found that some cirrhotic livers can regenerate, albeit more slowly and less completely, as long as the extent of hepatectomy remains within safe functional limits.
Midlife Diabetes, Hypertension, May Affect Cognition Later in Life
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The onset of diabetes and hypertension in midlife affects brain pathology and may lead to cognitive impairment later in life, according to a study of 1437 individuals (Roberts R et al. Neurology. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000000269 [published online March 19, 2014]).
Wine may prevent dementia
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Elderly people who drink wine moderately seem to be less prone to develop senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease, according to an epidemiological study by the French institute of health and medical research.

The prospective survey of normal and pathological aging started in 1988 in a cohort of 3777 men and women over 65 years of age living in or near Bordeaux. The research team, led …
Abstract 1185: Classification of lung carcinoma cell lines by integrated information of epidermal growth factor receptor and MET abnormalities and gene expression pattern correlates with response to chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy
Authors: Daisuke Matsubara, Shumpei Ishikawa, Sachiko Oguni, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Masashi Fukayama, Toshiro Niki
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: We have previously reported that lung adenocarcinoma cell lines could be classified into two groups based on the integrated information of epidermal growth factor receptor and MET abnormalities and gene expression pattern (2009 AACR annual meeting). In this study we sought to validate this classification by analyzing gene expression data set of primary lung adenocarcinomas. Also, we investigated whether this classification is clinically relevant to therapeutic outcomes. Experimental Design: A panel of 40 lung carcinoma cell lines was analyzed. The activation levels of EGFR and MET were determined by Western blotting and gene expression data was obtained by Affymetrix Microarray. We retrieved gene expression data of 442 lung adenocarcinomas (Nature medicine, 2008, http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v14/n8/abs/nm.1790.html?lang=en) and used them to validate our classification. Results: Forty lung carcinoma cell lines could be classified into two distinctive groups. Group I (n=26) was characterized by high levels of TTF-1, MUC1, CK7, MET, HER3, E-cadherin, Cox-2, and lamininC2. In contrast, Group II (n=14) showed high levels of vimentin, FGFR1, and TCF8. Group I was characterized by high phosphorylation levels of MET and EGFR, and frequent mutation and amplification of EGFR and MET. In contrast, Group II exhibited low activation levels of EGFR and MET, and no mutation or amplification of EGFR and MET. We validated this classification by analyzing gene expression data of 442 lung adenocarcinomas. By hierarchical clustering we identified two clusters (Cluster A and B) that corresponded to Group I and II, respectively. Cluster A and B were similar in prognosis but among patients who received adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy, Cluster B showed better survival than Cluster A. This finding was corroborated by analyzing in vitro sensitivities to chemotherapeutic and molecular-targeted agents: Group II cell lines showed a tendency to be sensitive to paclitaxel and cisplatin while they showed resistance to EGFR inhibitor gefitinib. Conclusions: Lung adenocarcinoma cell lines can be classified into two groups with distinct gene expression patterns, genetic abnormalities and activation status of EGFR and MET. This classification will be clinically relevant with regard to clinical response to chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1185.
Points from Letters: Doctors and Population
Authors: T. Lazar
Journal: BMJ (1972)

4) The composition of the control group is not given.What this careful study of plasma renin activity and aldosterone excretion does show again is that patients in an accelerated or malignant phase of hypertension tend to have higher renin levels, as the high renin group included patients with high pressures, retinal exudates, and renal failure.All the controlled trials demonstrating the efficacy of blood pressure reduction in lowuering the incidence of strokes and hypertensive heart failure have included diuretic therapy.We think it unwise to suggest on the evidence presented by Brunner et al. that hypertensive patients with low renin levels should be denied the undoubted benefits of such therapy because of its effects on renin levels.For the moment, the level of arterial pressure and the clinical evidence of its effects must remain the most important factors in determining whether or not a patient should be treated.-Weare, etc.,