tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute and Chronic Thrombosis of the Mesenteric Arteries Associated with Malabsorption
Authors: R. S. Shaw, E. P. Maynard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THAT occlusion of the mesenteric artery may produce a variety of clinical pictures has long been recognized.1 2 3 4 The cases of atherosclerotic occlusion of visceral arteries that are presented below offer two new pieces of information: that intestinal ischemia may be associated with malabsorption; and that both the acute and the chronic forms of thrombosis of the mesenteric arteries are amenable to reconstructive surgery.Case ReportsCase 1. A 54-year-old man (M.G.H. 956936) was admitted to the hospital on January 28, 1957, because of progressive bilateral intermittent claudication in the calves, thighs and hips for 1 1/2 years. For a few . . .
Detection of Adenoviral Genome in the Myocardium of Adult Patients With Idiopathic Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Matthias Pauschinger, Neil E. Bowles, F. Javier Fuentes-Garcia, Vanlinh Pham, Uwe Kühl, Peter L. Schwimmbeck, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The use of molecular biological techniques has demonstrated the importance of enteroviral infection of the myocardium in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in adults and adenovirus and enterovirus infection in children. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of adenoviral infection of the myocardium of adults with impaired left ventricular function of unknown origin. Methods and Results —Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was used to determine the frequency of detection of adenoviral DNA and enteroviral RNA in myocardial tissue samples from 94 adult patients with idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction and 14 control patients. Histological and immunohistological analyses were performed to detect myocardial inflammation. Adenoviral genomic DNA was detected by nPCR in 12 of the 94 patients with left ventricular dysfunction (in each case, adenovirus type 2), whereas enteroviral RNA was detected in another 12 patients. All control samples were negative for both viruses. In all patients, active myocarditis was excluded according to the Dallas criteria. However, there was significantly decreased CD2, CD3, and CD45RO T lymphocyte counts in the adenovirus-positive group compared with the adenovirus-negative group (P &lt;0.05), whereas no differences were associated with enterovirus infection. Conclusions —Although enteroviruses are an important causative agent in the pathogenesis of myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy, this study shows that adenovirus infection is also important in the pathogenesis of left ventricular failure in adults. However, the pathogenetic basis of disease associated with adenovirus infection may be different than that after infection with other agents, particularly with respect to activation of the host immune response.
TCT-380 The Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor BIQ/FG-2216 Stabilises HIF-1α and Upregulates VEGF in vitro: A Potential Strategy For Difficult CTO Lesions in Patients.
Authors: Georgina A. Barnett, Emily Flashman, Damien J. Kelly, Christopher J. Schofield, Anthony Gershlick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
1111-207 Area of left ventricular regional conduction delay and preserved contractility predict responses to cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Hung-Fat Tse, Kathy L.F Lee, Siu-Hong Wan, Yinghong Yu, Hoersch Walter, Joseph Pastore, Qingsheng Zhu, Bruce Kenknight, Julio Spinelli, Chu-Pak Lau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Gene Expression Profiling of Facilitated L-LTP in VP16-CREB Mice Reveals that BDNF Is Critical for the Maintenance of LTP and Its Synaptic Capture
Authors: Angel Barco, Susan Patterson, Juan M. Alarcon, Petra Gromova, Manuel Mata-Roig, Alexei Morozov, Eric R. Kandel
Journal: Neuron (2005)
NKX2.5 Mutations in Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Elizabeth Geiger, D. Woodrow Benson
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background Recent reports have implicated mutations in the transcription factor NKX2.5 as a cause of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). To estimate the frequency of NKX2.5 mutations in TOF patients and to further investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation of NKX2.5 mutations, we genotyped 114 TOF patients. Methods and Results Patients were recruited prospectively (November 1992 through June 1999) and tested for a 22q11 deletion; those with 22q11 deletion or recognized chromosomal alteration were excluded from the present study. Patients were screened for NKX2.5 alterations by conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis and sequencing of fragments with aberrant mobility. Four heterozygous mutations were identified in 6 unrelated patients with cases of TOF, including 3 with pulmonary atresia and 5 with right aortic arch; none had ECG evidence of PR interval prolongation. Three of 4 mutations (Glu21Gln, Arg216Cys, and Ala219Val) altered highly conserved amino acids, of which 2 mapped in the conserved NK2 domain. The fourth mutation (Arg25Cys) was identified in 3 unrelated probands in the present study and has been previously reported. No homeodomain mutations were identified. Conclusions NKX2.5 mutations are the first gene defects identified in nonsyndromic TOF patients. NKX2.5 mutation is present in ≥4% of TOF patients. Mutations identified in the present study mapped outside of the homeodomain, were not associated with atrioventricular conduction disturbances, and were not fully penetrant, in contrast to mutations previously reported that impair homeodomain function.
Responsibility for Out-of-Hours Service
Authors: D. Saklatvala
Journal: BMJ (1965)

we can at least cope with our N.H.S. patients under the present scheme, but the thought of some of our private insurance patients, having paid their annual fee and out to get their pound of flesh, is terrifying.None of us can feel completely satisfied with Dr. Jones's insistence that there should be no reconsideration even of some minor form of item-of-service charge.Insurance companies will have the last word, of course, but they are not usually so inflexible as to be unable to provide some compromise to overcome what appears to be a major defect in the scheme.The ludicrous part of the Meeting came, however, when, having got away without much difficulty from this " item-of-service " issue, the conference fell overboard in insist- ing on .theinclusion of it in the Charter.As a convinced " item-of-service " general practi- tioner, I was amazed to see, the chance
Protection Against Myocardial Infarction and No-Reflow Through Preservation of Vascular Integrity by Angiopoietin-Like 4
Authors: Ariane Galaup, Elisa Gomez, Rachid Souktani, Mélanie Durand, Aurélie Cazes, Catherine Monnot, Jérémie Teillon, Sébastien Le Jan, Claire Bouleti, Gaëlle Briois, Josette Philippe, Sandrine Pons, Valérie Martin, Rana Assaly, Philippe Bonnin, Philippe Ratajczak, Anne Janin, Gavin Thurston, David M. Valenzuela, Andrew J. Murphy, George D. Yancopoulos, Renaud Tissier, Alain Berdeaux, Bijan Ghaleh, Stéphane Germain
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Increased permeability, predominantly controlled by endothelial junction stability, is an early event in the deterioration of vascular integrity in ischemic disorders. Hemorrhage, edema, and inflammation are the main features of reperfusion injuries, as observed in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Thus, preservation of vascular integrity is fundamental in ischemic heart disease. Angiopoietins are pivotal modulators of cell-cell junctions and vascular integrity. We hypothesized that hypoxic induction of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) might modulate vascular damage, infarct size, and no-reflow during AMI.We showed that vascular permeability, hemorrhage, edema, inflammation, and infarct severity were increased in angptl4-deficient mice. We determined that decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and VE-cadherin expression and increase in Src kinase phosphorylation downstream of VEGFR2 were accentuated after ischemia-reperfusion in the coronary microcirculation of angptl4-deficient mice. Both events led to altered VEGFR2/VE-cadherin complexes and to disrupted adherens junctions in the endothelial cells of angptl4-deficient mice that correlated with increased no-reflow. In vivo injection of recombinant human ANGPTL4 protected VEGF-driven dissociation of the VEGFR2/VE-cadherin complex, reduced myocardial infarct size, and the extent of no-reflow in mice and rabbits.These data showed that ANGPTL4 might constitute a relevant target for therapeutic vasculoprotection aimed at counteracting the effects of VEGF, thus being crucial for preventing no-reflow and conferring secondary cardioprotection during AMI.
A Patient With Three Kidneys: A Correlative Imaging Case Report
Authors: WILFRIDO M. SY, &NA; S. SEO, PETER C. SZE, MARINA A. KIMMEL, CARLOS J. HOMS, JOHN G. McBRIDE, KEVIN F. SMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A man with three fully developed and well functioning kidneys was studied using correlative imaging. Renal scintigraphy and the renogram not only played a role in identifying the existence of three kidneys but also determined the level of function of each kidney. The use of renal scintigraphy and renography is pivotal in the diagnosis of supernumerary kidneys. An abbreviated review of embryogenesis is also given.
Dissecting Aneurysm During Methonium Therapy
Authors: D. W. Beaven, E. A. Murphy
Journal: BMJ (1956)

ACQUIRED HAEMOLYTIC ANAEMIA MEDBA TSURNL 77 carried on the patient's cells--for instance, C and c or E and e.If this should happen.these antibodies would pre- sent as a panagglutinin, as apart from very few exceptions
Core Verbal Autopsy Procedures with Comparative Validation Results from Two Countries
Authors: Philip W Setel, Chalapati Rao, Yusuf Hemed, David R Whiting, Gonghuan Yang, Daniel Chandramohan, K. G. M. M Alberti, Alan D Lopez
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Background Cause-specific mortality statistics remain scarce for the majority of low-income countries, where the highest disease burdens are experienced. Neither facility-based information systems nor vital registration provide adequate or representative data. The expansion of sample vital registration with verbal autopsy procedures represents the most promising interim solution for this problem. The development and validation of core verbal autopsy forms and suitable coding and tabulation procedures are an essential first step to extending the benefits of this method. Methods and Findings Core forms for peri- and neonatal, child, and adult deaths were developed and revised over 12 y through a project of the Tanzanian Ministry of Health and were applied to over 50,000 deaths. The contents of the core forms draw upon and are generally comparable with previously proposed verbal autopsy procedures. The core forms and coding procedures based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases (ICD) were further adapted for use in China. These forms, the ICD tabulation list, the summary validation protocol, and the summary validation results from Tanzania and China are presented here. Conclusions The procedures are capable of providing reasonable mortality estimates as adjudged against stated performance criteria for several common causes of death in two countries with radically different cause structures of mortality. However, the specific causes for which the procedures perform well varied between the two settings because of differences in the underlying prevalence of the main causes of death. These differences serve to emphasize the need to undertake validation studies of verbal autopsy procedures when they are applied in new epidemiological settings.
Visual Standards for Drivers
Authors: P. E. Ungar
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Syntocinon, on the other hand, is a pure polypeptide and is free from vaso- pressor activity, a fact stressed by the manufacturer's pamphlet.This claim was endorsed by a recent clinical study3 during which it was noted that in normotensive women a combination of syntocinon and ergometrine did not appear to be associated with the hypertensive response characteristic of simultaneous injections of naturally derived oxytocin and ergometrine.-We trust that this promising combina- tion of oxytocic agents, syntometrine, will receive fair and rational clinical evaluation.-Weare, etc.,
Anomalous Drainage of Entire Pulmonary Venous System into Left Innominate Vein
Authors: DENTON A. COOLEY, HAROLD A. COLLINS
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Total anomalous drainage of pulmonary venous blood produces a severe circulatory disturbance. In the most common type of this category of lesions, the entire venous return from the lungs enters a common venous channel ascending in the left superior mediastinum where it connects with the innominate vein. Seven cases of this type are described. Successful total correction was possible in 4 of these patients in whom a special technic was used, which incorporated the pump oxygenator for temporary cardiopulmonary bypass. This technic provides optimum conditions for complete correction of this complicated anomaly.
Interpretation of Isopotential Surface Maps in Patients with Ostium Primum and Secundum Atrial Defects
Authors: RICHARD B. KARSH, MADISON S. SPACH, ROGER C. BARR
Journal: Circulation (1970)

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were consistent differentiating patterns in body surface potential maps in children with normal hearts and in those with ostium primum versus ostium secundum atrial septal defects. A second purpose was to interpret the isopotential surface maps in terms of the position of intracardiac electrical wave fronts. Body surface activity throughout QRS demonstrated three major intervals: developing, transitional, and declining potentials. Patients with both types of atrial septal defects demonstrated complex distributions (multiple maxima) during the transitional interval which were not encountered in normal subjects. In the primum group, the distribution of positive and negative potentials sequentially changed in an inverted pattern as compared to the pattern in those patients with secundum defects. Furthermore, during the transitional interval the potential distribution was considerably more complex in the primum group. In two additional patients, body surface maps were helpful in clarifying misleading and atypical conventional electrocardiograms. The presence of simultaneous multiple maxima could only be accounted for by the existence of multiple wave fronts simultaneously present within the heart. In particular the emergence of two widely separated anterior chest maxima in patients with secundum atrial defect indicated the simultaneous presence of prominent left and right ventricular wave fronts. Also, the marked differences in the relative positions of the major body surface maximum and minimum could be accounted for only by considerable differences in the position and extent of intracardiac wave fronts. For example, the target distribution, consisting of an isolated minimum surrounded by multiple maxima and positive potentials over the upper body, in the ostium primum patients, indicated epicardial breakthrough in a wave front positioned in the anterosuperior portion of the heart. In contrast, normal subjects and patients with secundum defect had distributions indicating antero-inferior wave front position at the time of right ventricular epicardial breakthrough.
Investigations of factors influencing exposure and response to lead, mercury, and cadmium in man and in animals.
Authors: H A Roels, J P Buchet, A Bernard, G Hubermont, R R Lauwerys, P Masson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

The susceptibility of the heme biosynthetic pathway to lead, as reflected by increased free erythrocyte porphyrin (FEP) concentration, is in humans as well as in rats in the order of young greater than or equal to female greater than male. The difference between adult male and female rats can be explained at least partially by the interaction of estradiol and progesterone with the FEP response to lead; the hormonal influence on FEP does not seem to be mediated through changes in plasma iron. The classical
Acute pancreatitis: a lethal disease of increasing incidence.
Authors: A P Corfield, M J Cooper, R C Williamson
Journal: Gut (1985)

Between 1968 and 1979 650 patients in the Bristol clinical area suffered 737 attacks of acute pancreatitis. Sex distribution was approximately equal and mean age was 60 years. Comparison with the previous decade shows an increase in mean annual incidence of first attacks from 53.8 to 73.0 cases per million population. Case mortality was unchanged at 20%. In no less than 35% of fatal cases the diagnosis was first made at necropsy. Gall stones were detected in 50% of first attacks, predominantly in women. The proportion of alcoholics (8% overall) increased three-fold during the period of the study. In 23% of cases no aetiological cause was identified. Eighty patients suffered 99 recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, with a mortality rate (12%) that was not significantly lower than that of the first attack. Neglected gall stones accounted for 51% of these subsequent attacks.
The chemical composition of standard cotton dust.
Authors: L N Domelsmith, R J Berni
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Cotton dust samples from Cotton Incorporated were investigated by X-ray fluorescence and proximate analysis methods. These dust samples are known as "standard cotton dust" and have been used by many researchers investigating the causative agent(s) and physiological mechanisms of byssinosis. Silicon, calcium, potassium, and aluminum were present in relatively high concentrations (1-4%) in the dust fractions. The ash content of the dust fractions increased as the fraction particle size decreased. Proximate analyses demonstrate that "noncellulosic organics" are the major class of constituents (35-45%) in cotton dust. Cellulose comprises only 10-15% of the dust, while water-extractable materials comprise approximately 20% of the dust. Capillary gas chromatography performed on silylated, freeze-dried, aqueous extracts of the less than or equal to 38 micron dust fraction revealed the presence of phosphate, malate, arabitol, citrate, fructose, glucose, and mannitol.
Alterations in left ventricular compliance due to changes in right ventricular volume, pressure and compliance
Authors: W. P SANTAMORE, M. CONSTANTINESCU, J. VINTEN-JOHANSEN, W. E JOHNSTON, W. C LITTLE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Journal Article Alterations in left ventricular compliance due to changes in right ventricular volume, pressure and compliance Get access WILLIAM P SANTAMORE, WILLIAM P SANTAMORE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MARTIN CONSTANTINESCU, MARTIN CONSTANTINESCU Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAKOB VINTEN-JOHANSEN, JAKOB VINTEN-JOHANSEN **From the Section of Cardiology, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar WILLIAM E JOHNSTON, WILLIAM E JOHNSTON †From the Department of Anesthesiology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar WILLIAM C LITTLE WILLIAM C LITTLE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 22, Issue 11, November 1988, Pages 768–776, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/22.11.768 Published: 01 November 1988 Article history Received: 06 January 1987 Accepted: 18 June 1987 Published: 01 November 1988
Drugs That Target the Stemness Pathways
Authors: Susan E. Bates
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, p. 3089When Michael Clarke (1) reported data for the existence of breast cancer stem cells, he introduced a new paradigm with the notion that at the heart of our failure to eradicate cancer is the continual repopulation of tumors by a small number of phenotypically distinct cells. In time, the stem cell characteristics became longevity, asymmetric cell division, self-renewal, quiescence and drug resistance. The offspring of these stem cells, often labeled progenitors, were following a failed path to differentiation and constituted the bulk of the tumor mass. This model, termed a hierarchical model, has been held in opposition to the traditional stochastic model, which held that one random cancer cell gives rise to two daughter cells, although it was understood by any cell biologist that at any given moment most cancer cells were quiescent and therefore also drug resistant, and that some cells in a heterogeneous population had managed to differentiate more than others. While the articles in this CCR Focus argue for the hierarchical model as opposed to the stochastic model, the jury is still out. And regardless of which model is accepted in time, the concept of “stemness” has prompted the introduction of at least 4 important new pathways to target. Embryonic stem cell pathways are dysregulated in cancer, and drugs targeting these pathways are in development. In the overview of this issue of CCR Focus by Guest Editor Percy Ivy, and in an elegant elaboration by Catherine O'Brien et al, the stem cell hypothesis is debated. But the lead compounds and potential drugs described, respectively, by experts Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga, Antonio Pannuti, Akil Merchant, Mark LaBarge and co-authors in the Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, and Niche pathways make this critical point: we will have new drugs for cancer. Speaking to this are the responses in basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma observed with the Hedgehog inhibitor. The opportunity for drug development is the key contribution of thecancer stemcell hypothesis. As always, it is hoped that this issue of CCR Focus will challenge the expert, inform the interested nonexpert, and inspire strategies for the future.
MicroRNAs sound off
Authors: Michael D Weston, Garrett A Soukup
Journal: Genome Medicine (2009)

The message is loud and clear. MicroRNA-96, one in a cluster of three related neurosensory microRNAs, is crucial to the development and maintenance of inner ear hair cells and hearing in mice and humans. Two recent studies show that mutations in the critical seed region of the microRNA underlie the cause of hair cell degeneration and progressive hearing loss. Other recent reports reveal the general requirement of microRNAs for sensory epithelial development and maintenance in Dicer knockout mouse ear. The challenge begins to determine whether microRNAs will resonate as therapeutic agents or target molecules to preserve or restore hearing.
Fibrinogen-Transmitted Hepatitis
Authors: Rosser L. Mainwaring
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Fibrinogen was used in 12 patients with life-threatening bleeding states or severe hypofibrinogenemia. Three of these patients succumbed to their disease. The remaining nine patients were followed closely at monthly intervals by physical examination and a group of laboratory tests. Hepatitis developed in five patients, including one who never became jaundiced. Four patients received both whole blood and fibrinogen, and one received fibrinogen only. There were no deaths attributable to the hepatitis. Gamma-globulin prophylaxis in one patient was felt to be ineffective. The discriminate use of fibrinogen only in life-threatening hemorrhage states is urged.