tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual case of dysphagia
Authors: I. Issa, W. Yassine
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Plummer–Vinson syndrome was first described in 1912 [1], but seems to be extremely uncommon nowadays. We present the case of a 48-year-old woman referred for evaluation of dysphagia of 8 years’ duration, which was worsening in frequency and intensity. The dysphagia initially involved only solids, but the patient now reported difficulty swallowing liquids as well. She also reported a weight loss of 10 kg over the past 2 years. The past medical history was essentially negative; medication intake included occasional iron supplements. Physical examination revealed no major abnormalities except for general pallor. A complete blood count showed a hemoglobin of 7.1 mg/dL and a mean corpuscular volume of 55.
To Serve the People: Medical Education and Care in the People's Republic of China
Authors: JOSEPH C. SHIPP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Abroad1 August 1982To Serve the People: Medical Education and Care in the People's Republic of ChinaJOSEPH C. SHIPP, M.D.JOSEPH C. SHIPP, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-2-277 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe average life expectancy in China before 1949 was 32 years. A Chinese system of medical education did not exist, and the 22 medical colleges, concentrated in the larger cities and operated by the state, private enterprise, foreign organizations, and missionaries, were in a state of confusion. Curricula differed according to the sponsoring agency; foreign organizations followed an educational sequence like that in their native country. Medical school education lasted 4 to 8 years.During the 20 years before 1949 there was a total of 9499 medical graduates, an average of less than 500 a year. Graduates practiced in the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, Nebraska PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCurrent perspectives on medical education in ChinaHealth Care in the People's Republic of China: A Blend of Traditional and ModernEmergency medicine in China — 1987Medical education in China for the 21st century: the context for change 1 August 1982Volume 97, Issue 2Page: 277-279KeywordsChinese peopleGraduate medical educationLife expectancyMedical education Issue Published: 1 August 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Role of Evidence in the Consensus Process
Authors: Jonathan Lomas
Journal: JAMA (1988)

As part of a consensus conference on cesarean birth, the ten-member consensus panel rated 224 clinical scenarios on their appropriateness for a cesarean section. Ratings were obtained before and immediately after the consensus conference. The level of agreement (consensus) among panelists was assessed separately for scenarios with good research evidence (evidence scenarios) and for those with conflicting, poor, or no evidence (nonevidence scenarios). For each scenario, consensus between panelists was measured as total agreement, partial agreement, or disagreement on the appropriateness of a cesarean section. Before the conference, total or partial agreement existed for a larger percentage of evidence than nonevidence scenarios (85% vs 30%), with the pattern reversed for disagreements (15% vs 70%). After the conference, possible improvement in the level of consensus actually occurred for 71% of the evidence and only 24% of the nonevidence scenarios. Thus, the consensus process, as structured here, was sensitive to the availability of good evidence and suggests that aspects of both expert and public processes can successfully be combined. However, an improvement could be made in the process by grading final recommendations according to the availability of rigorous research evidence. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:3001-3005)
HIV Vaccine Approved for Clinical Trials
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE FIRST CLINICAL TRIALS in the United States of a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are slated to begin this month. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the vaccine, registered as VaxSyn HIV-1 by the manufacturer, MicroGeneSys, Inc, West Haven, Conn, for investigational use Aug 18. It is one of several HIV vaccines in various stages of development in this country. At least three other efforts—by Genentech, San Francisco; two Seattle-based firms, Genetic Systems and a Bristol-Myers subsidiary, Oncogen; and the Institute of Immunological Disorders, Houston—may see vaccines reach clinical trials by year's end. VaxSyn HIV-1, a recombinant form of the HIV envelope protein gp 160, is the product of a collaboration between Micro Gene Sys (pronounced "microgenesis") and investigators at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). MicroGeneSys holds the patent on the vaccine and will pay royalties to the federal government should the vaccine eventually be marketed.
Consumers fight to halt move towards direct to consumer advertising in Europe
Authors: Ray Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2007)

An influential group of MPs has claimed that widespread financial incompetence is adding to the cost of the United Kingdom's controversial private finance initiative (PFI).The House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts made its new attack on the PFI after it discovered that the government had clawed back £100m (€145m; $200m) less than was predicted from the new private-public profit sharing schemes.The committee's chairman, the Conservative MP Edward Leigh, blamed the loss on the failure of Treasury officials to oversee key refinancing arrangements.In 2002 ministers introduced changes so that public sector bodies could share in some of the financial gains when big PFI loans were rearranged.Typically, these loans were renegotiated on a more favourable basis once PFI projects had been completed and the risks involved were lower.However, left to their own devices, officials in local hospitals had been out of their depth negotiating with their counterparts in the private sector, the committee says.In 2003 the Office of Government Commerce, which then had responsibility for PFI policy, told the public accounts committee that it expected the public sector to receive between £175m and £200m from the voluntary sharing arrangements in early PFI deals.However, up to December 2006 the government had secured the right to gains of only £93m."Proceeds gained by the public sector from PFI debt refinancing under the voluntary code for the sharing of gains are currently well short of expectations" said Mr Leigh.
A current and online genodermatosis database
Authors: S.N. Leech, C. Moss
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article A current and online genodermatosis database Get access S.N. Leech, S.N. Leech Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. *Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, U.K. Correspondence: Suzy Leech. E‐mail: s.n.leech@ncl.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Moss C. Moss Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. *Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Pages 1115–1148, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07834.x Published: 01 June 2007
Inflammation of Actinic Keratoses Due to Systemic Fluorouracil Therapy
Authors: Emily F. Omura
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Effective treatment of recurrent breast carcinoma with systemic therapy with fluorouracil (5-fluorouracil) was accompanied by marked inflammation and then disappearance of preexisting actinic keratoses on the patient's face and other areas of the skin exposed to sun. This effect is the same as that reported with topical application of the drug, but the mechanism of this selective action against keratoses, while leaving normal skin unchanged, is unclear.
Development of HPLC methods for the purification and analysis of plasma membrane glycoproteins.
Authors: D Renauer, H U Gierlich, K K Unger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

High resolution HPLC techniques such as affinity chromatography (AC), ion exchange chromatography (IEC), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) were used successfully for separations of hydrophobic plasma membrane glycoproteins. We have tested a lot of commercially available columns for IEC and SEC and performed the purification of the crude plasma membrane extract with the most suitable columns. By using immobilized ligands with different specificities and sequential affinity chromatography, it is possible to obtain a preliminary structural characterization of the interesting carbohydrate residues of membrane glycoproteins.
Reduced-intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia using fludarabine, busulphan, and alemtuzumab (FBC) conditioning
Authors: Aloysius Y. L. Ho, Antonio Pagliuca, Michelle Kenyon, Jane E. Parker, Aleksandar Mijovic, Stephen Devereux, Ghulam J. Mufti
Journal: Blood (2004)
Plasma Proteins and Cryoglobulins in Anarthritic Rheumatoid Disease
Authors: L. Bagratuni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1957)

In previous communications (Bagratuni, 1953(Bagratuni, , 1956) ) a syndrome was described occurring in the middle-aged and elderly which was designated ("anarthritic" rheumatoid disease.The main symp- toms were severe aching of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and back, fever, and loss of weight, but without joint involvement.The erythrocyte sedimentation rate in active cases was exceptionally high, about 100 mm./hr (Westergren), and there were changes in the blood plasma proteins, the albumin being depressed, and the globulin and fibrinogen fractions raised.The illness had an excellent prognosis, and was considered to be an anarthritic form of rheumatoid arthritis.In the present paper the detailed analysis of the plasma proteins by paper electrophoresis and chemical separation is described. MethodsFor electrophoretic fractionation barbitone buffer, pH 8-6, was used and 0-02 ml.serum or heparinized plasma was applied to one end of a filter paper strip in an Evans Electroselenium electrophoresis apparatus.A current of 0( 1 nmAmp.per cm.width of strip was passed * This paper forms part of the D.M.
Activity of a heptad of transcription factors is associated with stem cell programs and clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Eva Diffner, Dominik Beck, Emma Gudgin, Julie A. I. Thoms, Kathy Knezevic, Clare Pridans, Sam Foster, Debbie Goode, Weng Khong Lim, Lies Boelen, Klaus H. Metzeler, Gos Micklem, Stefan K. Bohlander, Christian Buske, Alan Burnett, Katrin Ottersbach, George S. Vassiliou, Jake Olivier, Jason W. H. Wong, Berthold Göttgens, Brian J. Huntly, John E. Pimanda
Journal: Blood (2013)
Empirical data base for simulation: Firing rates and axonal conduction velocity for cortical neurones
Authors: Robert Miller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Simulation of brain dynamics requires the use of accurate empirical data. This commentary points out major errors in some of the empirical data used in Wright &amp; Laley's simulation. The simulation is quantitatively very different from the real cortex, and may also have important qualitative differences.
Abstract A32: Colorectal cancer stroma: Tumor cells in disguise
Authors: Giuseppe Celesti, Giuseppe Di Caro, Paolo Bianchi, Fabio Grizzi, Gianluca Basso, Andrea Doni, Federica Marchesi, Giancarlo Marra, Massimo Roncalli, Alberto Mantovani, Alberto Malesci, Luigi Laghi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to mediate cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. However, the role of EMT in the initial progression of human cancer remains unproven, since delaminating neoplastic cells have never been identified in the peritumoral stroma. Aim: To demonstrate the existence of EMT-neoplastic cells in mesenchymal disguise in the stroma of human colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods and Materials / Patients: In vitro, gene expression profile analysis of 18 CRC cells by microarray. Transfection/silencing of TWIST1 in CRC cells and invasion and migration assay. Immunohistochemistry for TWIST1 of 11 adenomas and of 201 CRC specimens. Combined TWIST1 immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization (iFISH) for CEP7 and 20 of 20 CRC specimens. In vivo, orthotopic graft of murine CRC cells CT26 in the rectal sub-mucosa of Balb/c mice. Results: TWIST1 was necessary to maintain mesenchymal phenotype and invasiveness of microsatellite-stable (MSS) cellular models of EMT, either spontaneous (CoLo741) or induced by transfection (SW480). TWIST1 mRNA was not translated in MSI CRC cells (HCT116). In an orthotopic mouse model of CRC, syngenic TWIST1-positive cells (CT26) acquired a mesenchymal phenotype when invading the peritumoral tissues. In human CRC tissues, the presence of TWIST1-positive cells within the stroma correlated with tumor MSS status (p=0.05), stage IV (p=0.02), and patient prognosis (DSS, p&amp;lt;0.01). Trisomies of chromosome 7 and/or chromosome 20 were detected within the tumor compartment of 17/20 CRC specimens. In each of these 17 tumors, TWIST1-positive cells with matching chromosomal gains were traceable in the peritumoral stroma (86 of 776 counted cells, 11.1%), whereas no trisomy was recognized in TWIST1-negative stromal cells (0 of 1249 cells; p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion: TWIST1 plays a crucial role in maintaining EMT in human CRC. By using TWIST1 as marker of EMT cells, we demonstrated that stromal cells, disguised as fibroblasts, are actually neoplastic. Targeting TWIST1+ stromal cells might open new scenarios for interfering with the metastatic cascade of CRC. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Giuseppe Celesti, Giuseppe Di Caro, Paolo Bianchi, Fabio Grizzi, Gianluca Basso, Andrea Doni, Federica Marchesi, Giancarlo Marra, Massimo Roncalli, Alberto Mantovani, Alberto Malesci, Luigi Laghi. Colorectal cancer stroma: Tumor cells in disguise. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A32.
HIV Infection: The Basics
Authors: Lise M. Stevens, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2012)

HIV Infection: The Basics H uman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that causes AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).AIDS is a serious, life-threatening illness that has a variety of symptoms.HIV infection can be treated with medications to make patients feel better and to prolong life.However, there is no cure for HIV infection or AIDS.Approximately 34 million people are infected with HIV worldwide.The July 25, 2012, issue of JAMA is dedicated to HIV/AIDS.This Patient Page is adapted from one previously published in the July 21, 2010, JAMA HIV/AIDS theme issue.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;C difficile&lt;/emph&gt; Test Approved
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ln-111 CYT-103 Immunoscintigraphy in the Imaging of Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: CHARLES E. NEAL, MICHAEL R. BAKER, ROBERT D. HILGERS, JAMES FANNING, ROBERT C. BURKE, JAN SNODGRASS, ROLAND D. CULL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Fifteen presurgical patients with a history of ovarian carcinoma were evaluated with immunoscintigraphy using the In-111-labeled monoclonal antibody conjugate CYT-103. Twelve of these patients had residual neoplasia at time of laparotomy. A single intravenous dose of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody was given to these patients before restaging laparotomy. All patients also underwent CT scanning of the abdomen and pelvis before laparotomy. Immunoscintigraphy detected the presence of disease in 10 of 12 patients before surgery, whereas CT scanning detected disease in only 6 of these 12 women. The results of this study indicate that immunoscintigraphy using in-111 CYT-103 is more sensitive than CT and may add useful information to the preoperative evaluation of women with ovarian carcinoma.
“Shin Splint” Syndrome and Tibial Stress Fracture in the Same Patient Diagnosed by Means of 99mTc-HMDP SPECT/CT
Authors: Justo Serrano Vicente, Maria Luz Domínguez Grande, Jose Rafael Infante Torre, Juan Ignacio Rayo Madrid, Carmen Durán Barquero, Lucía García Bernardo, Román Sánchez Sánchez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We show a patient who presented leg pain triggered by intense exercise. The most likely diagnosis was a possible tibial stress fracture or a "shin splint" syndrome (soleus enthesopathy). We performed a bone scintigraphy including SPECT/CT that revealed the presence of the two concomitant pathologies. SPECT/CT identified the hot spot superimposed with bone lesion in the tibial stress fracture and only remodeling activity without evidence of cortical lesions in the enthesopathy processes.
Use of Space–Time Models to Investigate the Stability of Patterns of Disease
Authors: Juan Jose Abellan, Sylvia Richardson, Nicky Best
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

The use of Bayesian hierarchical spatial models has become widespread in disease mapping and ecologic studies of health-environment associations. In this type of study, the data are typically aggregated over an extensive time period, thus neglecting the time dimension. The output of purely spatial disease mapping studies is therefore the average spatial pattern of risk over the period analyzed, but the results do not inform about, for example, whether a high average risk was sustained over time or changed over time.We investigated how including the time dimension in disease-mapping models strengthens the epidemiologic interpretation of the overall pattern of risk.We discuss a class of Bayesian hierarchical models that simultaneously characterize and estimate the stable spatial and temporal patterns as well as departures from these stable components. We show how useful rules for classifying areas as stable can be constructed based on the posterior distribution of the space-time interactions. We carry out a simulation study to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the decision rules we propose, and we illustrate our approach in a case study of congenital anomalies in England.Our results confirm that extending hierarchical disease-mapping models to models that simultaneously consider space and time leads to a number of benefits in terms of interpretation and potential for detection of localized excesses.
Rituximab causes a polarization of B cells that augments its therapeutic function in NK-cell–mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
Authors: Dominika Rudnicka, Anna Oszmiana, Donna K. Finch, Ian Strickland, Darren J. Schofield, David C. Lowe, Matthew A. Sleeman, Daniel M. Davis
Journal: Blood (2013)

Key Points Rituximab causes a polarization of B cells, involving a reorganization of CD20, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and moesin, and orientation of the microtubule organizing center. The polarization of B cells induced by rituximab augments its therapeutic role in triggering ADCC by effector NK cells.
Cyclosporin inhibits intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and reduces mast cell numbers in the <i>asebia</i> mouse model of chronic skin inflammation
Authors: A. ORAN, J.S. MARSHALL, S. KONDO, D. PAGLIA, R.C. MCKENZIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The asebia mouse represents a spontaneous mutation in BALB/c mice leading to hyperplasia of'the epidermis and chronic inflammatory dermal changes including enhanced cellularity. oedema and elevated mast cell numbers. We demonstrated that asebia mice have constitutively elevated intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) mRNA expression, which is not detectable in the wild type, and that dermal mast cell numbers were 3·1‐fold higher than the wild type (P < 0·001). We utilized this model to explore the anti‐inflammatory effects of cyclosporin A (CsA). After 3 weeks sub‐ cutaneous injection with 5 or l0 mg/kg CsA the expression of ICAM‐1 mRNA was determined by semi‐quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and was found to be decreased 2·7‐fold (P <0.001) and three‐fold (P < 0·001) relative to controls for 5 and 10mg/kg treatments, respectively Dermal mast cell counts were dose‐dependently decreased by CsA. Mast cells, visualized by toluidine blue staining, decreased 4·5‐fold with 10mg/kg CsA (P< 0·001) bringing them down to numbers typical of the wild type. CsA also appeared to stabilize mast cell histamine content. Hislological examination of haematoxylin–eosin‐stained sections revealed that CsA treatment restored the wild‐type skin phenotype decreasing epidermal hyperplasia. dermal cellularity and oedema. Thus. CsA exhibits a wide range of anti‐inflammatory effects including reduction of ICAM‐1 expression and mast cell numbers, and may be useful in the treatment of mast cell‐mediated dermatoses.
Human regulatory T cells against minor histocompatibility antigens: ex vivo expansion for prevention of graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Anandharaman Veerapathran, Joseph Pidala, Francisca Beato, Brian Betts, Jongphil Kim, Joel G. Turner, Marc K. Hellerstein, Xue-Zhong Yu, William Janssen, Claudio Anasetti
Journal: Blood (2013)
Hospital Use in a Fee-for-Service System-Reply
Authors: Fred T. Nobrega
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The influence of disease frequency on hospital utilization is a matter that the authors considered at length. However, our experience in the Rochester-Olmsted County Epidemiologic project for the past 17 years has led us to the conclusion that the incidence of disease is not less in Olmsted County than in the country at large. In fact, the incidence rates for dozens of disorders, including malignancies and other chronic illnesses, that have been studied in Olmsted County for almost two decades have, for the most part, been as high or higher than those noted nationally.<sup>1,2</sup>Some relatively infrequent chronic conditions have also been found to be higher than national rates. As an example, the Olmsted County incidence rates for leukemia in the 1930s were three times those of the national rates at that time; the 1970 age-adjusted rates for this disease are higher than those reported by the
CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT HYPERTROPHY: AN IMPORTANT PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR CARDIAC ALLOGRAFT VASCULOPATHY
Authors: Halit Yerebakan, Mengxi Ji, Alexandra Ross, Jeffrey Jiang, Sophie Jones, Lori Soni, Michael Argenziano, Craig Smith, Hiroo Takayama, Yoshifumi Naka, P. Christian Schulze, Faisal Cheema
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)