tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinician’s Guide for Genomics
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
F-18 FDG PET/CT Findings in A Case of Multifocal Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia of the Lung
Authors: Kazuyoshi Suga, Kawakami Yasuhiko, Atsuto Hiyama, Kenji Hori, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Kazuhiro Ueda
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare benign disease with polyclonal lymphoid proliferation. We describe a 67-year-old man with atypical manifestation of this disease with bilateral multifocal lesions including subcentimeter nodules and infiltrate, which showed only faint F-18 FDG uptake on PET/CT scan and spontaneous regression. Before obtaining histopathologic confirmation, the differential diagnosis of the multifocal lesions included metastases or malignant lymphoma, because of the history of extrathoracic malignancy, elevated serum interleukin-2 receptor, and temporal growing of the lesions. Histopathologic confirmation appears indispensable for the definitive diagnosis of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, as multifocal small lesions of malignancy, including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and benign diseases such as plasmacytoma and inflammatory pseudotumor can also show only faint FDG uptake, with overlapping clinical and radiologic features.
CONTRACTURES OF THE HAND AFTER WOUNDS OF THE UPPER LIMB
Authors: W. M. Macdonald
Journal: BMJ (1916)

DURING the early period of the war contractures occurring in the limbs after wouuds, without electrical changes in the muscles, were looked on as hysterical, aindd -were treated by disciplinary measures, whlich, however, failed in a large percentage of cases.Then some doubt arose iln the minds of neurologists as to the correctn.ess of this opinion, and Sicard, Meige, Mdme.Benisty, Claude, and others publislhed cases which they could not class as lhysterical.Recently Babinskil has publislhed an article CAsE I.-D. A. Sprained wrist from fall,
Analysis of forced expiration--a return to the recording spirometer?
Authors: N B Pride
Journal: Thorax (1979)

Analysis of forced expiration-a return to the recording spirometer?The dominant functional abnormality in intrapul- monary airflow obstruction is a slowing of the maximum rate of expiration.For the past 30 years, since the introduction of the analysis of the forced expiratory spirogram by Tiffeneau and Pinelli (1947), there has been a continuous effort to define the best way to extract information from this simple manoeuvre.The first emphasis was on measurements of expired volume at standard
THE FINDING OF INCIDENTAL CAC: PHYSICIAN AWARENESS AND THE IMPACT ON DOWNSTREAM MEDICAL TREATMENT
Authors: Neel Chokshi, Seth Uretsky, Todd Kobrinski, Robert C. D'Avino, Shiv Kumar Agarwal, Siva Puppala, Keerthana Paladugu, Kavya Jain, Sai Priyanka Gudiwada, Jose Ricardo Po, Alan Rozanski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Fiberendoscopic Evaluation of Ureterosigmoidostomies
Authors: F. Rossini, A. Ferrari, N. Rizzello
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

Sixteen patients having undergone ureterosigmoidostomy have been examined using fiberoptic coloscopes. Morphology and function of both the colonic mucosa and the ureteral stumps have been evaluated by direct observation, biopsy brush cytology and i.v. injection of methylen blue. The obtained encouraging results point to this fiberendoscopic diagnostic approach as an easy and useful follow-up examination of patients with intestinal urinary diversions.
Comparison of Nedaplatin and Irinotecan for Patients with Squamous and Nonsquamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: Meta-Analysis of Four Trials
Authors: Fumihiro Oshita, Takeshi Honda, Shuji Murakami, Tetsuro Kondo, Haruhiro Saito, Kazumasa Noda, Kouzo Yamada
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Interleukin‐1β/Iinterleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 1 inflammatory signaling contributes to persistent Gankyrin activation during hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Bo Su, Tao Luo, Junjie Zhu, Jing Fu, Xiaofang Zhao, Lei Chen, Huilu Zhang, Yibin Ren, Lexing Yu, Xiaojun Yang, Mengchao Wu, Gensheng Feng, Shao Li, Yao Chen, Hongyang Wang
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prototype of inflammation‐associated cancer. Oncoprotein Gankyrin, which mostly increases in HCC, plays a critical role in HCC development and metastasis. However, the exact mechanism of Gankyrin up‐regulation in HCC remains unclear. A Gankyrin luciferase reporter was developed to screen a potential regulator for Gankyrin from a list of proinflammatory cytokines, and interleukin (IL)‐1β was found as one of its activators. In clinical premalignant and malignant liver disease samples, enhanced IL‐1β/interleukin‐1 receptor‐associated kinase 1 (IRAK‐1) signaling accompanied by increased Gankyrin was observed. Lower expression of Gankyrin and phospho‐IRAK‐1 are favorable prognostic markers for HCC. A similar correlation was observed in the diethylnitrosamine (DEN) model of rat hepatocarcinogenesis. The results from Gankyrin reporter activity, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, or immunoblotting further confirmed the up‐regulation of Gankyrin by IL‐1β/IRAK‐1 inflammatory signaling. Moreover, a series of Gankyrin 's truncated reporters were constructed, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were performed to analyze the properties of Gankyrin promoter. Mechanistically, the core promoter of Gankyrin contains the binding site of nuclear factor Y (NF‐Y) family members, which can recruit histone acetyltransferase coactivator E1A‐binding protein p300 (p300) or CREB‐binding protein (CBP) to promote Gankyrin transcription. Conversely, knockdown of NF‐Y, p300, or CBP inhibits Gankyrin expression. IL‐1β stimulation causes sequential phosphorylation of IRAK‐1, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and p300 and enhances recruitment of the p300/CBP/NF‐Y complex to Gankyrin promoter. Inhibition of phospho‐JNK impairs IL‐1β/IRAK‐1 signaling‐mediated up‐regulation of Gankyrin. Conclusion : The finding of IL‐1β/IRAK‐1 signaling promoting Gankyrin expression through JNK and NF‐Y/p300/CBP complex provides a fresh view on inflammation‐enhanced hepatocarcinogenesis. (H epatology 2015;61:585‐597)
Ampoules, infusions and filters.
Authors: S J Pedler, T S Elliott
Journal: BMJ (1986)

pyridoxine.56There is one published paper which showed that three out of eight subjects had an abnormal electroencephalogram eight -days after supplementation of pyridoxine 200 mg daily was stopped.7This study, performed in-1964, has been interpreted as showing that symptoms of dependency occur after withdrawal of pyridoxine treatment.These findings have not been reproduced, nor have practitioners with expenence of treating large series of patients with pyridoxine in doses of 20-150 mg encountered symptoms of dependency after cessation oftreatment (M Brush, personal communication).It is unfortunate that tables are modified for publication without the primary sources of reference being verified.This can result in un- substantiated effects being incorporated into published reports as fact, solely by virtue of repetition.
Risk of Second Primary Malignancy After Esophagectomy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thoracic Esophagus
Authors: Toshiki Matsubara, Kazuhiko Yamada, Aya Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To assess the risk of subsequent malignancies after esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus for the establishment of an adequate follow-up program.We statistically analyzed clinical factors in 114 cases of second malignancy after esophagectomy that developed in 94 of 679 patients who underwent curative resection. The cancer incidence rates in the general population estimated by the Research Group for Population-Based Cancer Registration in Japan were used as standards for comparison.The 10-year cumulative risk of second malignancy was 34.5%, and the overall relative risk (RR) was 2.98 (95% CI, 2.41 to 3.65). The risk of head and neck cancer was markedly elevated (RR, 34.9; 95% CI, 24.3 to 48.6), followed by the risks of lung cancer (RR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.89 to 5.19) and stomach cancer (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.21). Multifactor analysis demonstrated that independent factors affecting the risk of subsequent malignancies were presence of other malignancies detected before esophagectomy and any of the following factors: masculine sex, alcohol consumption, and smoking. The 5-year survival rate after detection of subsequent malignancy was 45%. The outcome in patients with subsequent head and neck cancer was significantly less favorable as a result of difficulty in early detection.Patients had a remarkably high risk of subsequent cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract after esophagectomy, in particular, head and neck cancer. Minute postoperative surveillance is strongly recommended, especially in patients with a history of malignancies before esophagectomy. Early detection of second malignancies allowed less invasive treatment with favorable outcome.
Outcome of Patients Experiencing Progression or Relapse After Primary Treatment With Two Cycles of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Michal Sieniawski, Jeremy Franklin, Lucia Nogova, Jan-Peter Glossmann, Thomas Schober, Hiltrud Nisters-Backes, Volker Diehl, Andreas Josting
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

To evaluate treatment outcome of patients with early-stage favorable Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) who experience disease relapse after primary treatment with two cycles of chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy (RT).Of 1,129 patients with early-stage favorable HL enrolled onto the HD7/HD10/HD13 trials of the German Hodgkin Study Group, 42 patients were identified with treatment failure, of whom eight had primary progressive disease, seven had early relapse (< or = 12 months), and 27 had late relapse (> 12 months). We analyzed this group of patients for risk factors, salvage therapy, and treatment outcome.The median age was 41 years (range, 19 to 72 years); 24 patients were male, 15 patients had outfield relapse, 13 patients infield relapse, and nine patients outfield and infield relapse. At relapse, 24 patients were treated with conventional salvage chemotherapy, 14 patients were treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation, and four patients were treated with RT alone. At 36 months median follow-up, freedom from second treatment failure (FF2F) and overall survival (OS) were 52% and 67%, respectively. According to the prognostic score for relapsed HL (duration of first remission, clinical stage, and anemia at relapse), patients with two or three poor prognostic features had a significantly worse outcome compared with patients with none or one of these factors (P < .05 for FF2F and OS).Relapse after primary treatment with two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine followed by RT is rare. In our analysis, results were influenced by a high treatment-related mortality rate. Additional studies are needed to define the optimal salvage therapy.
Community-Initiated Breast Cancer and Environment Studies and the Precautionary Principle
Authors: Julia Green Brody, Joel Tickner, Ruthann A. Rudel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The precautionary principle implies the need for research paradigms that contribute to "strength of the evidence" assessments of the plausibility of health effects when scientific uncertainty is likely to persist and prevention is the underlying goal. Previous discussions of science that inform precautionary decision making are augmented by examining three activist-initiated breast cancer and environment studies--the Long Island, New York, and Cape Cod, Massachusetts, studies and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences breast cancer and environment centers. These studies show how the choice of research questions affects the potential of results to inform action. They illustrate a spectrum of public involvement, population- and individual-level epidemiologic study designs, and the crucial importance of developing and applying new exposure assessment methods. The exposure studies are key because they are critical in assessing plausibility (without exposure to a causal agent, there is no health effect), are prerequisite to health studies, and identify preventable exposures that could be reduced by precautionary policies, even in the absence of strong evidence of harm. The breast cancer studies have contributed to environmental and biological sampling programs for endocrine-disrupting compounds in drinking water and household air and dust and the application of geographic information systems for surveillance and historical exposure assessment. They leave unanswered questions about when to invest in large epidemiologic studies, when negative results are sufficient, and how to pursue ambiguous positive results in further research and policy.
Negative Inotropic Effect of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor on Adult Rat Cardiac Myocyte
Authors: Yuji Ishibashi, Yoshitoshi Urabe, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Shintaro Kinugawa, Masaru Sugimachi, Masaru Takahashi, Shimako Yamamoto, Hirofumi Tagawa, Kenji Sunagawa, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is highly expressed in the myocardium in some cardiac disorders, such as ischemia-reperfusion and cardiac allograft rejection. However, whether bFGF has any effects on myocardial contraction is unknown. Methods and Results We examined the effects of bFGF on myocardial contractility using isolated adult rat cardiac myocyte preparations. bFGF exerted a direct negative inotropic effect that was concentration and time dependent. The pretreatment of myocytes with a neutralizing anti-bFGF antibody (100 ng/mL) abolished the negative inotropic effects of bFGF (100 ng/mL). Platelet-derived growth factor (12.5 ng/mL) and transforming growth factor-β (1 ng/mL) did not exert such effects, which indicated that bFGF-induced negative inotropism was considered to be specific for this growth factor. bFGF decreased the peak intracellular Ca 2+ transient by 46% during systole. The enhanced production of nitric oxide was unlikely to be responsible for the bFGF-induced negative inotropic effect. Conclusions bFGF, primarily a potent growth promoter, produced acute negative inotropic effects in the adult cardiac myocyte that could have resulted from alterations in intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis. The negative inotropic effect of bFGF may contribute to myocardial dysfunction associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury and heart transplant rejection.
Abstract 2384: Assessment of PITX2, BMP4, FGF4, ERalpha, ERbeta promoter methylation in the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can predict metastasis and survival in primary invasive duct carcinoma (PIDC) patients
Authors: Abeer A. Bahnassy, Abdel-Rahman N. zekri, Salem E. Salem, Hala Aziz, Abeer E. Moustafa, Rabab M. Gaafar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Recent studies have focused on hematogenous tumor cell dissemination as predictive factors of breast cancer metastasis and several methods for detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood were described. However, in early-stage breast cancer, molecular characterization of CTCs and their prognostic value is not well established. We previously found a significant correlation between DNA promotor methylation (PM) of PITX2, BMP4, FGF4, ERalpha, ERbeta and breast cancer recurrence and metastasis (unpublished data). Therefore, we sought to compare the frequency of PM of these genes in the CTC and the primary breast tumors (PBT) in relation to recurrence, progression free and overall survival rates (DFS&amp; OS) CTCs were collected from the 10 cm peripheral blood of 80 primary invasive duct carcinoma (PIDC) patients by immunomagnetic beads separation. The number of CTCs was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) and RT-PCR (using CK-19, mammaglobin and CD44) for confirmation and comparison. Patients were first tested for CTC counts immediately before surgery, prior to therapy, at first follow-up (4-6 weeks later) and after 6 months. PM of PITX2, BMP4, FGF4, ERalpha, ERbeta was assessed by methylation specific PCR (MSP) in PBTs and CTCs and correlated with metastasis and survival. The number of CTCs ranged from 0-500/10 ml blood. The concordance between FCM and RT-PCR was 98% (p=0.01). At first assessment, 56 patients have β10 CTCs/10 ml blood and exhibited a significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (12.7 months versus 20.6 months) and overall survival (OS) (28.1 months versus 49.5 months) than women with 10 CTCs was 16.1 months, compared to greater than 36 months in the cohort with &amp;lt;10 CTCs. PM of PITX2, BMP4, FGF4, ERalpha and ERbeta, was reported in 42.90%, 50.00%, 51.20%, 63.10% and 46.40% compared to 63.15%, 73.75%, 62.5%, 81.2% and 78.75% in CTCs. PM of BMP4, and ERbeta was associated with reduced OS and PFS. Conclusions: 1) The presence of CTCs in the blood of PIDC patients can impact standard treatment and future research, 2) FCM provides a simple and accurate technique for enumerating CTCs in peripheral blood, 3) the significant increase in PM frequency of all studied genes except FGF4, suggests that aberrant PM may contribute to increased aggression and more liability to metastasis. More studies are still needed to assess the impact of CTCs in PIDC patients and how they might contribute to improving individualized cancer therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2384. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2384
Antibodies to Ro/SSA detected by ELISA: correlation with clinical features in systemic scleroderma
Authors: SUSANNE BELL, T. KRIEG, M. MEURER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies were determined by a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum specimens from 114 patients with systemic scleroderma in order to examine the relationship between Ro/SSA antibodies and clinical subsets of scleroderma. Sera of 42 patients (37%) were positive for Ro/SSA antibodies. Clinical investigations, including Schirmer's test and enzymatic profiles, demonstrated that 60% (16 of 27) of scleroderma patients with sicca syndrome and 63% (10 of 16) with polymyositis (PM) were Ro/SSA positive. In these patients there was a significant association between Ro/SSA antibodies and rheumatoid factor. HLA-antigens DR2, DR3 and B8 showed an increased frequency in anti-Ro/SSA positive patients.
P3-060: Survival benefit of EGFR gene mutations and gene amplification in advanced NSCLC patients treated with erlotinib by the Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG)
Authors: Myung-Ju Ahn, Jin Seok Ahn, Jae Yong Cho, Chang-Seok Ki, Heung-Tae Kim, Sang We Kim, Jong Seog Lee, Keunchil Park, Se Hoon Park, Sang Won Shin
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Synergism of the antimicrobial agents miconazole and benzoylperoxide
Authors: H. BOSSCHE, F. CORNELISSEN, J. CUTSEM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Miconazole was active against aerobically grown Staphylococcus spp., and anaerobically grown Propionibacterium acnes. The combination of this N-substituted imidazole derivative with benzoylperoxide resulted in a marked increase in bactericidal activity. The antibacterial activity observed in vitro with the combination is greater than the sum of the effects observed with the two drugs independently, indicating bactericidal synergism.
The Strangeness of Nature
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

ONE way of looking at nature is to put together all the facts learned thus far from the scientific revolution of this century, and to conclude that now is the time to make sense out of this information. If you do this, you are likely to agree with the current view in highest fashion, that making sense of nature is really no great problem. In this view, the ultimate answer, if you're so naïve as to go about looking for ultimate answers, is that it simply makes no sense, no sense at all. The world is meaningless. We are here . . .
Book Review Migraine: A spectrum of ideas Edited by Merton Sandler and Geralyn Collins. 322 pp., illustrated. New York, Oxford University Press, 1990. $75 Headache and Facial Pain: Diagnosis and management Edited by Alan L. Jacobson and William C. Donlon. 316 pp., illustrated. New York, Raven Press, 1990. $88
Authors: Marvin Jay Hoffert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)
A tale of two Germanys: Some patients in former East Germany were more equal than others
Authors: Herbert H Nehrlich
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A tale of two Germanys Health problems in eastern Germany are clearly related to transitionEditor-The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 marked the beginning of the end of communism in eastern Europe and in eastern Germany.As McKee and Fister point out, 1 certain constellations of epidemiological and demographic variables characterise the resultant process of political and economic transition: low or even decreasing life expectancy (especially for men) and higher prevalences of alcoholism and obesity.This has happened in the postcommunist Länder (federal states) of eastern Germany.East Germany is different from other east European countries in that its healthcare sector was not deconstructed, with periods of severe dysfunction: it simply adopted the healthcare system of West Germany.Despite this, life expectancy at birth is still lower in eastern Germany than in western Germany, although the difference had diminished at the end of the 1990s. 2 Alcoholic disease is a feature of the typical transition process.The number of people discharged from hospital with alcoholic disease was higher in eastern Germany in 1994 and 1999 than in western Germany. 3 Obesity is another transition related problem and a risk factor for many diseases. 4 The proportion of the population with obesity (body mass index > 29.9) is higher in eastern Germany than in western Germany.This difference has remained for over 10 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall.In the medium term, the situation is set to even out.But it is remarkable that in spite of the same, well equipped (curative) health system, health care does not strongly modify mainly lifestyle linked health effects in a population that is exposed to transition after communism.For eastern Germany, the end of this transition process is in sight.