tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE CANADIAN ARMY MEDICAL SERVICE
Authors: J. T. Fotheringham
Journal: BMJ (1917)

THE adage, " Cast thy bread upon the waters, and thou -shalt find it after many days," lhad never truer exemplification than in the relations found existing in this great war of all tlle ages between the R.A.M.C. and tlhe Canadian A.M.C.The latter is the lusty progeny of tlle former, and well pleased that the physique and lineaments of the parent can be seen in the child.In all matters of presentday organization, equipment, and even uniform, the two services are closely homologated and interchangeable.But in spirit, and sympathy, and attainments, and just and generous emulation their relations are more fraternal tllan parental.During the somewhat troubled years wlhich followed in Britislh North America after the rebellion of the American colonies the Britislh troops wlho lhelped, as in tlle war of 1812-1815, to safegyuard the feeble settlements of Nova Scotia, Lower Canada, and Upper Canada, lhad their medical officers-army doctors as they were known.Not a few of thlese well-trained men left the s6rvice to settle down to practice in Canada, and in most cases at once secured a commanding professional position in the new community.Their superior education and good social position gave to many of them great influence witlh the authorities, especially in Upper Canada-now Ontarioand this influence was always exerted in favour of sound legislation on all matters pertaining to education, both general and professional.The provinces were tlhus from thle outset, to a very large extent, protected from the evils of free and unlicensed mnedical practice, from which the United States are only now witlh mucll effort and delay beginning to shake themselves free.Britislh ideals .inboth teaclhing and practice lhave in the main prevailed everywhere in Canada, the precedent and examnple of the medical legislation in the older provinces being closely followed in the newer as they were organized, so that all the medical faculties in Canada have always drawn their inspiration, neither from American nor German sources, but from the great schools of London, Edinburgh, and Dublin.Witlh this lheritage, nothing could be more natural and legitimate than that tlle Canadian Army Medical Service should botlh give and get, in this time of sore trial for all British lhopes and ideals, absolute mutual co-operation and goodwill in its relations with the Royal Arniy Medical Corps 'nd Service.Tlle opportutnity of comradeship and common service in tlhe stricken field and in the cause of empire and civilization is keenly realized and most highly prized by all ranks.
Priorities for mental health research in Europe: A survey among national stakeholders' associations within the ROAMER project
Authors: Andrea Fiorillo, Mario Luciano, Valeria Del Vecchio, Gaia Sampogna, Carla Obradors‐Tarragó, Mario Maj
Journal: World Psychiatry (2013)

Within the ROAMER project, funded by the European Commission, a survey was conducted with national associations/organizations of psychiatrists, other mental health professionals, users and/or carers, and psychiatric trainees in the 27 countries of the European Union, aiming to explore their views about priorities for mental health research in Europe. One hundred and eight associations/organizations returned the questionnaire. The five most frequently selected research priorities were early detection and management of mental disorders, quality of mental health services, prevention of mental disorders, rehabilitation and social inclusion, and new medications for mental disorders. All these areas, except the last one, were among the top ten research priorities according to all categories of stakeholders, along with stigma and discrimination. These results seem to support the recent argument that some rebalancing in favor of psychosocial and health service studies may be needed in psychiatric research.
Targeted biopsy with MRI and ultrasound improves detection of high risk prostate cancer
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ultrasound fusion biopsy, which superimposes MRI images on transrectal ultrasound images to highlight suspicious areas for biopsy, improves detection of high risk prostate cancer and reduces the detection of low risk cases compared with standard biopsies, a prospective US study has shown.1

The current diagnostic procedure for prostate cancer is a standard extended sextant biopsy, which takes a series of biopsies from the right and left …
Role of H1 receptors and P-selectin in histamine-induced leukocyte rolling and adhesion in postcapillary venules.
Authors: H Asako, I Kurose, R Wolf, S DeFrees, Z L Zheng, M L Phillips, J C Paulson, D N Granger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The objective of this study was to define the nature, magnitude, and mechanisms of histamine-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in postcapillary venules of the rat mesentery using intravital microscopic techniques. Superfusion of the mesentery with histamine (10(-7)-10(-5) M) resulted in a dose-related increase in the number of rolling leukocytes, a reduction in rolling velocity, and an increased clearance of FITC-labeled rat albumin from blood to superfusate. The histamine-induced recruitment of rolling leukocytes and increased albumin clearance were prevented by histamine H1 (hydroxyzine, diphenhydramine) but not H2 (cimetidine) receptor antagonists. Because histamine induces expression of the adhesion molecule P-selectin in cultured endothelial cells, a monoclonal antibody directed against rat P-selectin and soluble sialyl-LewisX oligosaccharide (the carbohydrate ligand to P-selectin) were also tested as inhibitors. Both were effective in preventing the histamine-induced recruitment of rolling leukocytes, but neither agent attenuated the increased albumin clearance. These observations suggest that (a) histamine recruits rolling leukocytes and increases albumin leakage in postcapillary venules via H1 receptor activation, (b) histamine-induced recruitment of rolling leukocytes is mediated in part by P-selectin expressed on the endothelial cell surface, and (c) the histamine-induced vascular albumin leakage is unrelated to leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Our results are consistent with the view that histamine may act as a mediator of acute inflammatory reactions.
Don't forget about constipation with opioid treatment of chronic non-cancer pain
Authors: A. C. Ford, D. M. Brenner, P. S. Schoenfeld
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Freynhagen and colleagues only briefly discussed the treatment of opioid induced constipation.1 Constipation occurs in around 50% of people taking opioids.2 3 Affected patients have significantly higher rates of medical consultation and sickness related work absences, as well as …
Troops Not Imperiled, but Locals Fear Winter in "The Powder Keg of Europe"
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of naïve hepatitis C recurrence (HCV-R) in liver transplant recipients with pegylated interferon alpha-2B and ribavirin
Authors: G.W. Neff, M. Montalbano, N. Ozden, H. Muslu, Y.M. Lee, G. Slapak, K. Safdar, R. Morrero, J. Nery, D. Weppler, E. Schiff, A. Tzakis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
The 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid-induced angiogenesis requires Janus kinase 2-signal transducer and activator of transcription-5B–dependent expression of interleukin-8
Authors: Sergey Y. Cheranov, Dong Wang, Venkatesh Kundumani-Sridharan, Manjula Karpurapu, Qiuhua Zhang, Koteswara R. Chava, Gadiparthi N. Rao
Journal: Blood (2009)
ST. GEORGE'S HOSPITAL: FISSURE OF HARD PALATE: NEW FORM OF OBTURATOR
Authors: T. Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1856)

THE followiDg case appeared to me of sufficient interest to lay before the readers of the AssOcIATIox JOURNAL, as illustrating a new method of fixing the plate intended to remedy fissure on the hard palate.The extreme discom- fort caused by t4i disease, and the impossibility of remedy- ing it by surgical operation when it is so extensive as in the case described below, render any improvements in the mode of treating so common an affection matters of in- terest; and I hope that the notes of the case which I have obtained from Mr. Sercombe, and the models with which he has favoured me, may enable any person who is engaged in this branch of the profession to understand, and, if necessary, to repeat, the extremely simple and effective method described by that gentleman.CASE.
Statisticians Offer Overall Incidence Estimates for Various Kinds of Cancer During This Year
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1993)

NEARLY 2 MILLION persons in this country probably will be informed by a physician this year that they have some form of cancer. More than 700 000 of these new diagnoses are likely to involve skin cancers. However, there are caveats. There is no nationwide cancer registry, so the Atlanta (Ga)-based American Cancer Society—which is making the above projection—concedes that "there is no way of knowing exactly how many new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year." The society, which held its 35th science writers seminar last week in San Diego, Calif, bases its estimates on incidence rates obtained through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md, "applied to the US census estimates of population for the current year." The society cautions that "it is not appropriate or accurate to evaluate cancer incidence and mortality trends using only American Cancer Society estimates
Expression of Pitx2 in stromal cells is required for normal hematopoiesis
Authors: Aurélie Kieusseian, Jalila Chagraoui, Cécile Kerdudo, Philippe-Emmanuel Mangeot, Philip J. Gage, Nicole Navarro, Brigitte Izac, Georges Uzan, Bernard G. Forget, Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
Journal: Blood (2005)
Communication of Randomization in Childhood Leukemia Trials
Authors: Eric Kodish
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Most children diagnosed as having leukemia become research subjects in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), but little is known about how randomization is explained to or understood by parents.To investigate physicians' explanation and parental understanding of randomization in childhood leukemia RCTs.A multisite study of the informed consent communication process for RCTs of childhood leukemia. Consecutive cases were recruited from pediatric oncology inpatient wards at 6 US children's hospitals associated with major academic medical centers from July 1, 1999, until December 31, 2001. The informed consent conferences were observed and audiotaped, and the information obtained was coded and analyzed. Parents were interviewed shortly after the conference to ascertain their understanding.Parents and members of the health care team who participated in 137 informed consent conferences for children with newly diagnosed acute leukemia.Observed explanations of randomization and parental understanding of randomization after the consent conference.Randomization was explained by physicians in 83% of cases and a consent document was presented during the conference in 95% of cases. Interviews after the conference demonstrated that 68 (50%) of 137 parents did not understand randomization. Parents of racial minority and lower socioeconomic status were less likely to understand randomization (P<.001 for each). Discussion of specific clinical trial details and the presence of a nurse during the conference were associated with understanding. Eighty-four percent of children were enrolled in a leukemia trial.Despite oral and written explanation, half of the parents in this study did not understand randomization for childhood leukemia trials. To make informed consent more effective, future research must seek to improve communication during this critical interchange.
Vitamin E consumption by human blood platelets activated by latex particles
Authors: Domenico Del Principe, Adriana Menichelli, Riccardo Lubrano, Donatella Bandino, Stefano Di Giulio, Maria Luisa Di Corpo, Omero Giardini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1986)

Abstract Human blood platelet activation elicited by latex particles is associated to a 30% decrease in the cellular content of vitamin E. The vitamin E consumption is inhibited by the addition of catalase (500 U/ml) and azide (1 mM), but it is not affected by potassium cyanide (1 mM). It may be proposed that the challenge of platelets with particulate stimuli causes generation of oxygen reduction products, which leads to vitamin E depletion.
Improvement of erythrocyte deformability by cholesterol-lowering therapy with pravastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients
Authors: Masakazu Kohno, Koh-ichi Murakawa, Kenichi Yasunari, Koji Yokokawa, Takeshi Horio, Hiroaki Kano, Mieko Minami, Junichi Yoshikawa
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
Could a Novel Vaccine Help Smokers Quit?
Authors: B. M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Abuse of methamphetamine may increase a person's risk of developing Parkinson disease, according to a new study (Callaghan RC et al. Drug Alcohol Depend. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.06.013 [published online ahead of print July 26, 2011]).
Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen‐4 (CTLA‐4) gene polymorphism and susceptibility to non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Maria Monne, Giovanna Piras, Angelo Palmas, Luigi Arru, Marco Murineddu, Giancarlo Latte, Annalisa Noli, Attilio Gabbas
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

The CTLA-4 molecule plays an important role in immune regulation by downregulating activation of T cells. Polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene have been shown to be associated to a number of autoimmune diseases including blood disorders. In this study, the intragenic polymorphisms of the CTLA-4 gene at position -318*C/T, +49*A/G, and the dinucleotide (AT)(n) repeat polymorphism in exon 3 were analyzed in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Genotype and haplotype analysis showed that the exon 1+49*AA genotype was over-represented among patients with NHL (P = 0.002), whereas no difference was observed for the -318*C/T promoter and the (AT)(n) polymorphisms (P > 0.05). The data obtained indicate that the CTLA-4+49A/G polymorphism may have a role in genetic susceptibility to NHL.
Synergistic Effects of Hypofibrinolysis and Genetic and Acquired Risk Factors on the Risk of a First Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Mirjam E Meltzer, Ton Lisman, Carine J. M Doggen, Philip G de Groot, Frits R Rosendaal
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

Background Previously, we demonstrated that hypofibrinolysis, a decreased capacity to dissolve a blood clot as measured with an overall clot lysis assay, increases the risk of venous thrombosis. Here, we investigated the combined effect of hypofibrinolysis with established risk factors associated with hypercoagulability. Methods and Findings Fibrinolytic potential was determined with a plasma-based clot lysis assay in 2,090 patients with venous thrombosis and 2,564 control participants between 18 and 70 y of age enrolled in the Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment (MEGA) of risk factors for venous thrombosis study, a population-based case-control study on venous thrombosis. Participants completed a standardized questionnaire on acquired risk factors. Hypofibrinolysis alone, i.e., clot lysis time (CLT) in the fourth quartile (longest CLT) (in absence of the other risk factor of interest) increased thrombosis risk about 2-fold relative to individuals with CLT in the first quartile (shortest CLT). Oral contraceptive use in women with CLT in the first quartile gave an odds ratio (OR) of 2.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6 to 4.0), while women with hypofibrinolysis who used oral contraceptives had an over 20-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis (OR 21.8, 95% CI 10.2 to 46.7). For immobilization alone the OR was 4.3 (95% CI 3.2 to 5.8) and immobilization with hypofibrinolysis increased the risk 10.3-fold (95% CI 7.7 to 13.8). Factor V Leiden alone increased the risk 3.5-fold (95% CI 2.3 to 5.5), and hypofibrinolysis in factor V Leiden carriers gave an OR of 8.1 (95% CI 5.3 to 12.3). The combination of hypofibrinolysis and the prothrombin 20210A mutation did not synergistically increase the risk. All ORs and 95% CIs presented are relative to individuals with CLT in the first quartile and without the other risk factor of interest. Conclusions The combination of hypofibrinolysis with oral contraceptive use, immobilization, or factor V Leiden results in a risk of venous thrombosis that exceeds the sum of the individual risks.
Canine left ventricular mass estimation by two-dimensional echocardiography.
Authors: N B Schiller, C G Skiôldebrand, E J Schiller, C C Mavroudis, N H Silverman, S H Rahimtoola, M J Lipton
Journal: Circulation (1983)

This study was designed to develop a two-dimensional echocardiographic method of measuring the mass of the left ventricle. The general formula for an ellipse was used to derive an algorithm that described the shell volume of concentric truncated ellipsoids. In 10 canine left ventricular two-dimensional echocardiograms, this algorithm accurately predicted postmortem left ventricular mass (r = .98, SEE +/- 6 g) and was independent of cardiac cycle phase (systole vs diastole, r = .92).
Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine
Authors: Wesley White
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This text could appropriately be titled "Everything you ever wanted to know about antibiotic testing." It is a compendium of current knowledge on the in vitro evaluation of antibiotics, an invaluable resource for microbiology and specialty laboratory personnel, as well as physicians involved in anti-infective therapy. There are 26 chapters by 40 authors and over 5600 references. The format is similar to the previous editions, with new chapters on beta-lactam antibiotics and quinolones. Each chapter is clearly organized, easy to read, and filled with exquisite photographs and tables. The first nine chapters deal with susceptibility testing of antibiotics and of antituberculous, antifungal, and antiparasitic drugs. Each has a general discussion followed by a step-by-step description of the methodology (disk diffusion, agar media, liquid media, automation). They are so detailed, they could be used as a laboratory manual. Five chapters follow on specialized features of antibiotic testing, including protein binding and
Cytology of rheumatoid synovial cells in culture. IV. Further investigations of cell lines cocultivated with rheumatoid synovial cells.
Authors: M Norval, A Graham, B P Marmion
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

A previous report described a cell isolate presumed to have arisen by accidental cocultivation (contamination) of the Chang 'liver' cell line and rheumatoid synovial cells. This cell isolate had the same glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoenzyme as the Chang cell and also some shared antigens. It clearly differed in its karyotype, its ability to grow in semisolid agar, and in the possession of bleb-like projections of the cytoplasmic membrane filled with collections of beaded or granular material. In addition, it had a novel antigen(s) not present in the Chang cell. As these properties might have been acquired from the synovial cells and because the bleb structures resembled those seen in some cell lines transformed by leucovirus the cell isolate has been further studied. Cytochemical methods at the light and electron microscope level showed that the granular material was polysaccharide in nature, probably glycogen. No evidence was found of the presence of a virus or a viral genome using a variety of techniques including attempted induction followed by 3H-uridine labelling of the cultures, and assay of the supernatant fluid from the culture for viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. In addition, cell extracts were not found to contain viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase or RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. No rubella virus or leucovirus interspecies antigens were detected on the cell membranes.
Pseudo-positive reaction for mono-amine oxidase in hair cortex.
Authors: Bryan Ballantyne
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article Pseudo‐positive reaction for mono‐amine oxidase in hair cortex. Get access Bryan Ballantyne Bryan Ballantyne School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, 2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 7, 1 July 1966, Pages 421–423, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12242.x Published: 01 July 1966
Association Between Glu298Asp Polymorphism of the eNOS Gene and Coronary No-Reflow in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutenous Intervention
Authors: Ahmet Arif Yalçın, İbrahim Faruk Aktürk, Veysel Sabri Hançer, Ömer Çelik, Fatih Uzun, Mehmet Ertürk, Çetin Sarıkamış, Sinem Özbay Özyılmaz, Ender Öner, Ali Birand, Ali Kemal Kalkan, Asım Enhoş
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Fifty Years with the Hamilton Scales for Anxiety and Depression
Authors: P. Bech
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2009)

From the moment Max Hamilton started his psychiatric education, he considered psychometrics to be a scientific discipline on a par with biochemistry or pharmacology in clinical research. His clinimetric skills were in operation in the 1950s when randomised clinical trials were established as the method for the evaluation of the clinical effects of psychotropic drugs. Inspired by Eysenck, Hamilton took the long route around factor analysis in order to qualify his scales for anxiety (HAM-A) and depression (HAM-D) as scientific tools. From the moment when, 50 years ago, Hamilton published his first placebo-controlled trial with an experimental anti-anxiety drug, he realized the dialectic problem in using the total score on HAM-A as a sufficient statistic for the measurement of outcome. This dialectic problem has been investigated for more than 50 years with different types of factor analyses without success. Using modern psychometric methods, the solution to this problem is a simple matter of reallocating the Hamilton scale items according to the scientific hypothesis under examination. Hamilton’s original intention, to measure the global burden of the symptoms experienced by the patients with affective disorders, is in agreement with the DSM-IV and ICD-10 classification systems. Scale reliability and obtainment of valid information from patients and their relatives were the most important clinimetric innovations to be developed by Hamilton. Max Hamilton therefore belongs to the very exclusive family of eminent physicians celebrated by this journal with a tribute.