tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-01-07: Select neutrophils inhibit breast cancer metastases in patients via chemokine-mediated mechanisms
Authors: EA Comen, Z Granot, B Blum, C Coker, R Shah, V Seshan, L Norton, R Benezra
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: In both breast cancer patients and healthy women, we have previously demonstrated that select neutrophils found in breast cancer patients as opposed to healthy women are cytotoxic to breast cancer cell lines. (Granot Z et al. Cancer Cell. 2010) This work stemmed from our prior research in murine breast cancer models indicating that primary breast tumors can mobilize select neutrophils, termed Tumor Entrained Neutrophils (“TENS”); these entrained neutrophils have the unique capacity to inhibit metastatic seeding in the lung through cell-kill mechanisms. (Granot Z et al. Cancer Cell. 2010) In this study, we evaluated the relationship between select chemokines and neutrophil cytotoxicity in breast cancer patients versus healthy volunteers. Methods: Neutrophils were purified from the blood of 75 randomly selected newly diagnosed pre-operative breast cancer patients without evidence of metastatic disease, and 47 healthy female volunteers with no history of cancer. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by incubating neutrophils with luciferase labeled MDA-MB-231 cells. Luciferase activity was measured as a reflection of% cytotoxicity. Serum was also isolated from breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers. Based on prior experiments, we used the Millipore® Milliplex Human Cytokine Plex Kit to evaluate Il-1Ra, MCP-1 and TNFa in our serum samples in 50/75 of the cancer patients and 25/47 controls. We used multiple linear regression to develop a model to predict cytotoxicity as a function of the chemokines. Results: In comparison to healthy volunteers whose mean neutrophil cytotoxicity to MDA-MB-231 cells was 6.5%, pre-operative breast cancer patients demonstrated a mean neutrophil cytotoxicity of 12.7%, p&amp;lt;0.0001. We then evaluated the serum chemokine levels of 50 of the breast cancer patients; 31/50 had high neutrophil cytotoxicity (&amp;gt;10%), and 19/50 had low neutrophil cytotoxicity (&amp;lt;10%). We compared the serum chemokine levels in the patients to the levels found in the 25 controls. Using a multiple linear regression model, we found that the levels of these three chemokines are associated with cytotoxicity (R2 = 0.126, p = 0.022). An ANOVA decomposition of the model suggested that Il.1RA was the most predictive (p = 0.018) followed by MCP.1 (p = 0.088) and TNF.alpha (p = 0.245). Conclusion: Our work demonstrates the cytotoxic role of select neutrophils in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients as contrasted with neutrophils from healthy women. We further demonstrate that select chemokines appear to be correlated with neutrophil cytotoxicity. We are currently evaluating the prognostic and therapeutic roles of cytotoxic neutrophils and their related chemokines in breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-01-07.
THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF TUBAL PREGNANCY.
Authors: PHILANDER A. HARRIS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Twenty-nine out of every thirty cases of ectopic gestation present symptoms by which a presumptive, if not a reasonably certain, diagnosis may be made prior to the patient's arrival at a condition which is alarming. There are instances in which the first complaint and the first symptoms are of such a nature as to excite the greatest alarm in the minds of physician and friends, because the patient is, without previous warning, brought at once to the verge of death, yet such cases are very exceptional. To simplify the detection of ectopic gestation and to aid in an early diagnosis of the condition, I wish first to direct your attention to what I consider two distinct stages of the disease: the non-tragic stage and the tragic stage. <h3>THE NON-TRAGIC STAGE.</h3> Since most cases present a group of symptoms preceding the tragic stage of the disease sufficiently distinctive to warrant a
AB1140-HPR Senior Rheumatologysts, Junior Rheumatologysts, Nurse Specialists and Patients with Similar Diseases – Four Sources of Information for Rheumatic Patient not Equally Valued, not Equally Used
Authors: M. Dobroiu, D. Vasile, C. Ioan, C. Aproianu, D. Predeteanu, C. Popescu, E. Ursa, C. Coroianu, C.E. Stanescu, M. Popescu, M. Jercan, F. Berghea, R. Ionescu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic rheumatic patients have to face various needs of communication throughout their illness. Their doctors, nurses and fellows suffering from similar diseases are the main oral sources of information. Based on their availability, perceived competence, presumed quality or easiness to access these sources are used to address the information needs. In order to improve their education of is important to know the way our rheumatic patients use these sources to fulfill their information needs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify the patients9 preference for a certain source of information in relation with their particular needs. <h3>Methods</h3> A structured questionnaire developed to assess the preference for one of the four main source of information (senior &amp; junior rheumatologists, nurse specialists and similar patients) in relation with 12 problems connected in 5 areas: diagnostic &amp; treatment, alternative management, impact of disease, dealing with administrative obstacles and source of additional information. For each item we determined the level of preference as a mean of answers (on a 0 to 10 scale) we received. 205 rheumatic patients from five tertiary centers accepted to answer the questionnaire. SPSS 19.0 have been used for statistical analysis and a p&lt;0.05 was considered significant. <h3>Results</h3> The highest levels of preference (mean (SD)) for information given by specialized nurses have been computed for: additional source of information (7.3 (2.7)), future evolution of disease (7.2 (2.9)), impact of disease on personal life (7.1 (2.8)), seriousness of disease (6.9 (2.7)), adverse reactions to treatment (6.8 (2.7)). However in none of 12 problems the nurse was not the most preferred source of information and in just one case she was the 2nd best choice. Patients with lower levels of formal education and those from urban areas scored higher for nurses but did not changed the hierarchy. Nor the disease duration or the gender of responder have influenced the final results. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study reveals a potential need for strengthening the role of specialized nurse as a quality source of information for chronic rheumatic patients in the context of her increasing role in long-term management. However, the areas we identified in this study as being higher rated for nurses might benefit from their input even sooner. Specialized nurses should develop their own action plan to solve this issue in the benefit of our patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2689
TLR2 activation causes tachyphylaxis to β<sub>2</sub>‐agonists <i>in vitro</i> and <i>ex vivo:</i> modelling bacterial exacerbation
Authors: H. Alkhouri, N. N. Rumzhum, M. M. Rahman, M. FitzPatrick, M. de Pedro, B. G. Oliver, J. E. Bourke, A. J. Ammit
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background Asthma is a widespread chronic health problem exacerbated by common viral and bacterial infections. Further research is required to understand how infection worsens asthma control in order to advance therapeutic options in the future. Recent research has revealed that β 2 ‐adrenergic receptor (β 2 ‐AR) agonists lose bronchodilatory efficacy because the receptor‐mediated molecular pathways responsible for their beneficial actions are desensitized by infection. To date, most studies have focussed on viral infection, leaving the impact of bacterial infection on β 2 ‐ AR desensitization relatively under‐investigated. We address this in this study. Methods and Results Utilizing an in vitro model of bacterial exacerbation in airway smooth muscle ( ASM ) cells, we show that activation of toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2; mimicking bacterial infection) in the presence of an inflammatory stimulus leads to β 2 ‐AR desensitization. This occurs via TLR2‐dependent upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2) mRNA expression and increased secretion of PGE 2 . Importantly, PGE 2 causes heterologous β 2 ‐AR desensitization and reduces cAMP production in response to short‐acting (salbutamol) and long‐acting (formoterol) β 2 ‐agonists. Thus, bacterial infectious stimuli act in a PGE 2 ‐dependent manner to severely curtail the beneficial actions of β 2 ‐agonists. The impact of β 2 ‐AR desensitization is demonstrated by reduced gene expression of the critical anti‐inflammatory molecule MKP‐1 in response to β 2 ‐agonists, as well as impaired bronchodilation in a mouse lung slices. Conclusions Taken together, our results show that, like viruses, bacteria induce prostanoid‐dependent β 2 ‐ AR desensitization on ASM cells. Notably, COX ‐2 inhibition with the specific inhibitor celecoxib represses PGE 2 secretion, presenting a feasible pharmacological option for treatment of infectious exacerbation in asthma in the future.
LOCAL PULMONARY ARTERY STIFFNESS INDEXES ARE CORRELATED WITH STEADY AND PULSATILE COMPONENTS OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR AFTERLOAD IN PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Juan C. Grignola, Enric Domingo, Carlos Bravo, Rio Aguilar, Manuel Lopez-Messeguer, Manuel Vazquez, Antonio Roman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
ECG — Still the Best for Selecting Patients for CRT
Authors: Clyde W. Yancy, John J.V. McMurray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

The use of cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) as a potential treatment for patients with heart failure and a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction was first reported in 1994.1 Two pivotal trials showed that CRT reduced the risk of death and hospitalization for heart failure among patients who were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV despite receiving medical therapy recommended by the guidelines and having a left ventricular ejection fraction of no more than 35% and a QRS duration of at least 120 msec.2,3 Two subsequent trials showed that the benefits of CRT are also obtained . . .
Influence of left ventricular function on outcome of patients treated with implantable defibrillators.
Authors: S G Kim, J D Fisher, C W Choue, J Gross, J Roth, K J Ferrick, R Brodman, S Furman
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The outcomes of patients treated with implantable defibrillators were compared between patients with left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30% and less than 30%. METHODS AND RESULTS Of 68 consecutive patients treated with implantable defibrillators, 40 patients (group 1) had left ventricular ejection fraction greater than or equal to 30%, and 28 patients (group 2) had left ventricular ejection fraction less than 30%. Sudden death, surgical mortality, nonsudden arrhythmia-related death (death within 24 hours after an arrhythmic event despite initial termination of the arrhythmia by the implantable defibrillator), total arrhythmia-related death (including sudden death, surgical death, and nonsudden arrhythmia-related death), and total cardiac death were compared between the two groups. Surgical mortality was 4.4% (0% in group 1, 11% in group 2). During the follow-up of 31 +/- 27 months, actuarial survival rates free of events were 97%, 97%, and 97% in group 1 and 96%, 91%, and 82% in group 2 at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, for sudden death (p = NS); 97%, 97%, and 97% in group 1 and 85%, 81%, and 72% in group 2 at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, for sudden death and surgical mortality (p less than 0.05); 97%, 97%, and 97% in group 1 and 82%, 78%, and 70% in group 2 at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, for total arrhythmia-related death (p less than 0.05); and 95%, 95%, and 95% in group 1 and 82%, 69%, and 57% in group 2 at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively, for total cardiac death (p less than 0.05). Four (57%) of seven nonsudden cardiac deaths during the initial 36-month follow-up period were causally related to arrhythmia (three surgical deaths and one arrhythmia-related nonsudden death). CONCLUSIONS The outcome of patients treated with implantable defibrillators is strongly influenced by the degree of left ventricular dysfunction. In group 1 patients, surgical mortality, sudden death, and total cardiac death are rare. In group 2, sudden death rate may not be markedly different from that of group 1 patients. However, the risk of therapy (surgical mortality) is high. Many nonsudden cardiac deaths are causally related to arrhythmia (surgical mortality or nonsudden arrhythmia-related death). Therefore, the survival rate free of total arrhythmia-related death is significantly lower in group 2 (70% versus 97% in group 1 at 3 years). Further studies are needed to determine the roles of defibrillator therapy and other therapies in various clinical settings.
Pancreatic Retention Cyst
Authors: Thomas A. Loludice
Journal: JAMA (1977)

PANCREATIC retention cysts have not previously been known to cause obstructive jaundice. Recently, we observed a patient in whom a pancreatic retention cyst, located in the second portion of the duodenum, caused obstruction to bile flow. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old man was in good health until three weeks before admission, when he noted sharp, nonradiating midepigastric pain accompanied by nausea and emesis. The pain was not relieved by antacids or food. From this time, the patient also noted the appearance of dark urine, light stools, and jaundice. He had no history of alcohol abuse or exposure to hepatitis. He had lost 3.6 kg during the previous month. Physical examination showed a thin, jaundiced man in no severe distress. Abnormal findings were confined to the abdomen, which was soft, but tender to palpation in the midepigastric area and right upper quadrant. The vertical liver span was 14 cm, and
Increased Risk of Lymphoma in Sicca Syndrome
Authors: STUART S. KASSAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The risk of cancer was ascertained in 136 women with sicca syndrome followed at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Seven patients developed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from 6 months to 13 years after their first admission to NIH. This was 43.8 times (P < 0.01) the incidence expected from the rates of cancer prevailing among women of the same age range in the general population during this time. In addition, three cases of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia occurred in this study group. Eight patients developed cancers other than lymphoma, similar to the number expected based on the rates prevailing in the general population. Patients with a history of parotid enlargement, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy had an increased risk of lymphoma. These clinical conditions did not appear to be early manifestations of undiagnosed lymphoma but rather seemed to identify a subgroup of patients with sicca syndrome with marked lymphoid reactivity, who had a particularly high risk of subsequently developing lymphoma.
Delayed hypersensitivity reaction to paracetamol (acetaminophen)
Authors: M. D. Ibáñez, E. Alonso, M. C. Muñoz, E. Martinez, M. T. Laso
Journal: Allergy (1996)

We are reporting three patients who experienced delayed cutaneous reactions after treatment with paracetamol (acetaminophen). These reactions were confirmed in controlled challenge tests. Patch tests with paracetamol were positive in all patients. A biopsy performed of the case 1 patch test confirmed that the lesion was compatible with delayed hypersensitivity reaction‐type allergic contact dermatitis
Genome-wide association analyses identifies a susceptibility locus for tuberculosis on chromosome 18q11.2
Authors: Thorsten Thye, Fredrik O Vannberg, Sunny H Wong, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Ivy Osei, John Gyapong, Giorgio Sirugo, Fatou Sisay-Joof, Anthony Enimil, Margaret A Chinbuah, Sian Floyd, David K Warndorff, Lifted Sichali, Simon Malema, Amelia C Crampin, Bagrey Ngwira, Yik Y Teo, Kerrin Small, Kirk Rockett, Dominic Kwiatkowski, Paul E Fine, Philip C Hill, Melanie Newport, Christian Lienhardt, Richard A Adegbola, Tumani Corrah, Andreas Ziegler, Andrew P Morris, Christian G Meyer, Rolf D Horstmann, Adrian V S Hill
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Calyceal Rupture Secondary to Ureteric Obstruction by Recurrent Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Eric J. Heffernan, Stephen J. Skehan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A 65-year-old man presented with a change in bowel habits 28 months after colonic resection for carcinoma. FDG PET/CT imaging was performed to assess for recurrent disease. This showed a 3-cm presacral soft tissue mass within which there was avid FDG uptake consistent with local recurrence. This mass had resulted in obstruction of the left distal ureter with resultant hydronephroureter; in addition, there was evidence of calyceal rupture with extravasation of FDG-containing urine into the perirenal space. The patient had no symptoms related to this renal abnormality and the calyceal rupture was therefore managed conservatively.
Occlusive mesenteric ischemia and its effects on jejunal intramucosal pH, mesenteric oxygen consumption and oxygen tensions from surfaces of the jejunum in anesthetized pigs
Authors: H. Pargger, S. Staender, W. Studer, O. Schellscheidt, M. J. Mihatsch, D. Scheidegger, K. Skarvan
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1997)
Conditions de réalisation de l'endoscopie digestive en France en 2004: résultats d'une enquête prospective nationale de la Société Française d'Endoscopie Digestive (SFED)
Authors: JM Canard, JP Arpurt, C Boustière, J Boyer, J Cassigneul, PA Dalbies, J Escourrou, G Gay, R Laugier, JC Letard, B Napoléon, L Palazzo, T Ponchon, B Richard-Molard, D Sautereau, G Tucat, B Vedrenne
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Le but de ce travail a été de décrire et quantifier prospectivement l'ensemble des E.O.G.D. Réalisées en France et son évolution depuis 1998
Early and Sustained Benefit on Event-Free Survival and Heart Failure Hospitalization From Fixed-Dose Combination of Isosorbide Dinitrate/Hydralazine
Authors: Anne L. Taylor, Susan Ziesche, Clyde W. Yancy, Peter Carson, Keith Ferdinand, Malcolm Taylor, Kirkwood Adams, Adeoye Y. Olukotun, Elizabeth Ofili, S. William Tam, Michael L. Sabolinski, Manuel Worcel, Jay N. Cohn
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We previously reported that the fixed-dose combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine hydrochloride (FDC I/H) significantly decreased the risk of all-cause death and first hospitalization for heart failure (HF) and improved quality of life in patients with New York Heart Association class III or IV heart failure in the African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT). The current analyses further define the effect of FDC I/H on the timing of event-free survival (mortality or first hospitalization for HF) and time to first hospitalization for HF, as well as effects by subgroups and effects on cause-specific mortality.Kaplan-Meier analyses of the 1050 A-HeFT patients on standard neurohormonal blockade demonstrated that FDC I/H produced a 37% improvement in event-free survival (P<0.001) and a 39% reduction in the risk for first hospitalization for HF (P<0.001). These benefits appeared to emerge early (at approximately 50 days of treatment) and were sustained through the duration of the trial. Subgroup analyses of treatment effect by age, sex, baseline blood pressure, history of chronic renal insufficiency, presence of diabetes mellitus, cause of HF, and baseline medication usage demonstrated consistent beneficial effect of FDC I/H on the primary composite score and event-free survival across all subgroups. Mortality from pump failure was reduced by 75% (P=0.012).FDC I/H treatment of black patients with moderate to severe HF who were taking neurohormonal blockers produced early and sustained significant improvement in event-free survival and hospitalization for HF in the A-HeFT cohort, with significant reduction in mortality from cardiovascular and pump failure deaths. The treatment effects on the primary composite end point and event-free survival were consistent across subgroups.
Effect of posture and drink volume on the swallowing of capsules.
Authors: K S Channer, J Virjee
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Effect of posture and drink volume on the swallowing of capsules Drug-induced oesophageal ulceration is an increasingly recognised problem.1 2 Since ulceration is due to a direct irritant effect the passage of the drug must first be delayed.Tablets have been found3 to stick in the oesophagus.This study shows the effect of posture and drink volume on the oesophageal transit of capsules. Patients, methods, and resultsAfter barium meal and swallow examinations in which normal oesophageal motility was found 50 patients (22 men, 28 women, aged 20-87 years) swallowed four standard hard gelatin capsules (Farillon Lok-Cap) filled with
Physical Ability at Midlife May Predict Mortality
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Low levels of physical capability in middle age may signal poorer chances of survival over the next 13 years, according to a cohort study of 1355 men and 1411 women in the United Kingdom (Cooper R et al. BMJ. doi:10.1136/bmj.g2219 [published online April 29, 2014]).
[662] IS CIRRHOSIS AT PRESENTATION A FACTOR OF POOR OUTCOME IN AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS?
Authors: C. Corpechot, V. Ozenne, M. Abdel Nour, M.J. Ramond, L. Serfaty, R. Poupon, S. Pol, D. Valla, O. Chazouilleres
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
NIH's plans for online publishing could threaten journals
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) may set up a single electronic repository for peer reviewed, biomedical research papers in what would mark the most radical shift in scientific publishing since the first peer reviewed journals appeared in 1665. Such a web based service would free up millions of dollars spent by libraries on journal subscriptions, while leaving the business plans of many scientific publishers in shreds.

It would be a logical extension of the National Library of Medicine's PubMed service, similarly funded by the US taxpayer …
Cytomegalovirus colitis in children with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: B Ghidini
Journal: Gut (2006)

Fatty acid oxidation defects are being increasingly identified as causes of abnormal heart function and sudden death in children. Children with medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A (acyl-CoA) dehydrogenase defects can metabolize fatty acids labeled in the carboxylic acid end of the compound. Accordingly, our goal was to label a long-chain fatty acid in the ω-position and evaluate its myocardial kinetics. <b>Methods:</b> Heptadecanoic acid, a 17-carbon fatty acid, was labeled in the C-17 position with <sup>11</sup>C by the general process of coupling <sup>11</sup>C-methyliodide to <i>t</i>-butyl-15-hexadecanoate. Yield was ∼5%–10% end-of-bombardment. Subsequently, evaluation studies were performed on isolated perfused rat hearts and in intact, anesthetized dogs. The myocardial uptake and efflux of 17-<sup>11</sup>C-heptadecanoic acid were compared with those of 1-<sup>11</sup>C-palmitate. <b>Results:</b> With the exception of delayed efflux of tracer reflecting the temporal delay for β-oxidation, the washout of 17-<sup>11</sup>C-heptadecanoic acid from the heart mirrored that of 1-<sup>11</sup>C-palmitate in isolated rat hearts and in intact dogs with PET. <b>Conclusion:</b> 17-<sup>11</sup>C-Heptadecanoic acid may be a useful tracer for the identification of defects in fatty acid metabolism in subjects with medium- and short-chain fatty acid oxidation defects.
Results of primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease
Authors: Joel K. Kahn, Barry D. Rutherford, David R. McConahay, Warren L. Johnson, Lee V. Giorgi, Thomas M. Shimshak, Robert Ligon, Geoffrey O. Hartzler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)