tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular deferoxamine in hereditary hemochromatosis
Authors: Francisco Javier Polo-Romero
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Combination Therapy With rFVIIa and Platelets for Hemorrhage in Patients With Severe Thrombocytopenia and AlloimmunizationTo the Editor: Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is approved in the U.S. for treatment of bleeding in hemophiliacs with inhibitors.It has also been used in a small number of patients with severe thrombocytopenia who were refractory to platelets [1], but its efficacy has not been well established in this setting.We cared for 2 patients with life-threatening bleeding, thrombocytopenia, and platelet refractoriness who had dramatic clinical responses to the combination of platelet transfusions and a single dose of rFVIIa.Patient 1 is 61-year-old male with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) who was refractory to platelet transfusions due to severe alloimmunization.He developed sudden, acute, severe gastrointestinal bleeding and hypotension, losing more than 500 mL of bright red blood per rectum (BRBPR).His platelet count was 2000/mL.He received 7 units of PRBC, 36 units of
Frostbite, A New Adjunct in Treatment
Authors: Eugene R. Perrin
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  Hyperbaric oxygen was incorporated in the treatment of severe frostbite of the extremities at the Royal Victoria Hospital (Montreal). The remarkable clinical course in this patient strongly suggests that this treatment was of definite value in sustaining viability in the peripheral tissue following cold injury.  A 39-year-old white man was brought to the emergency room on the morning of Feb 3, 1965. Because of alcoholic indiscretion, he had been unable to find his way home the previous evening and had slept out for about seven hours before being discovered. The ambient temperature that night was in the range of —10 F. When the patient was seen, both legs were hard, white, and frozen up to knee-level. The tips of all fingers were similarly blue-white and frozen. The areas of cold injury were completely anesthetic and spontaneous movements were limited. All peripheral pulses were palpable.  The injured areas
Female-to-Female Sexual Contact and HIV Transmission
Authors: Susan Y. Chu
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Previous publications on behavioral risks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—infected women who have sex with other women include single case reports or analyses based on limited behavioral information.<sup>1,2</sup>As part of a special surveillance project conducted by nine states (Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, New Mexico, and South Carolina) and two local health departments (Los Angeles and Washington) we interviewed 1122 women reported with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) between January 1990 and September 1993. Of these 1122 women with HIV/AIDS, 65 (5.8%) reported that they had had sex with a woman in the past 5 years. Here we describe their self-reported sexual and drug-use behavior. Of the 65 women with HIV/AIDS who reported sexual contact with another woman in the past 5 years, 55(85%) also reported sexual contact with men during the same period. Of these 55 behaviorally bisexual women, 33 (60%) reported a
TT virus infection among blood donors and patients with non-B, non-C liver diseases in Korea
Authors: Tatsunori Nakano, Young-Min Park, Masashi Mizokami, Jong-Young Choi, Etsuro Orito, Tomoyoshi Ohno, Takanobu Kato, Yutaka Kondo, Yasuhito Tanaka, Hideaki Kato, Tetsuo Kato, Boo-Sung Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
A Prospective Study of Oral Contraceptives and NIDDM Among U.S. Women
Authors: Lisa Chasan-Taber, Walter C Willett, Meir J Stampfer, David J Hunter, Graham A Colditz, Donna Spiegelman, Joann E Manson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE To examine prospectively the association between modern oral contraceptives with low doses of estrogen and progestin and subsequent incidence of NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a prospective cohort study, 98,590 U.S. female nurses aged 25 to 42 and free of diagnosed diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer at baseline in 1989 were followed for 4 years. Endpoint was incidence of confirmed NIDDM. Oral contraceptive use was reported on mailed questionnaires. RESULTS During 352,067 person-years follow-up, we confirmed 185 incident cases of NIDDM. After adjusting for age, BMI, cigarette smoking, family history of diabetes, parity, physical activity, alcohol intake, ethnicity, history of diagnosis of infertility, elevated cholesterol, and hypertension, women currently using oral contraceptives had a relative risk (RR) of 1.6 (95% CI, 0.9–3.1). For past users, the multivariate RR was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.8–1.8). This association was attenuated after restricting the analysis to symptomatic cases of NIDDM. For current users, RR = 1.3 (95% CI, 0.6–2.8), and for past users, RR = 0.9 (95% CI, 0.6–1.4), suggesting that increased surveillance may explain at least part of any excess risk. CONCLUSIONS In this large prospective study, we found no appreciable increase in the 4-year risk of NIDDM among current users of oral contraceptives. There was no apparent increase in risk among past users. The small number of cases reflect the low absolute risk of NIDDM in this population of young women.
OVERLAPPING OF THE E AND A WAVES OF THE TRANSMITRAL FLOW AS A SIMPLE PREDICTOR OF RESPONDERS TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
Authors: Hitoshi Minamiguchi, Yasushi Sakata, Tomohito Ohtani, Isamu Mizote, Yasuharu Takeda, Yasuhiro Ichibori, Yuji Okuyama, Satoshi Nakatani, Masashi Fujita, Tetsuya Watanabe, Masaaki Uematsu, Issei Komuro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Allergy
Authors: L. M. McEwen, M. A. Ganderton, C. W. W. Wilson, J. H. D. Black
Journal: BMJ (1967)

of a needle pick it out.It is the simplest of procedures: the mite clings to the point of the needle, it can be placed on a slide, and its lively antics watched with great amuse- ment under the microscope.This technique takes no more than a few minutes to master and yet I rarely see it practised.It is most impressive to teacher, student, nurse, and patient, and serves good purpose.The problem is quite different for the management of that very rare variety called Norwegian, or crusted, scabies of course.-I am, etc.,
THE SPECIFIC DYNAMIC RESPONSE TO PROTEIN OF INDIVIDUALS SUFFERING FROM DISEASE OF THE HYPOPHYSIS
Authors: Margaret Woodwell Johnston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1932)

M1any attempts have been made to assign to the hypophysis the regulation of the increase in heat production which follows the ingestion of a protein meal, just as the thyroid gland appears to regulate the level at which the basal metabolic rate is set.Plaut (1) in 1922, studied the response of groups of individuals to a standard meal consisting of 200 grams of chopped meat, 50 grams of fat, 200 grams of bread, and 500 cc. of coffee.She found that the maximal increase in heat production that resulted from this meal, occurred 45 minutes after its ingestion, was maintained through the second hour, and was definitely decreasing in the third.The increase in heat production above the basal value in normal individuals was 24 to 52 per cent.In what she described as "hypophyseal obesity," (2) the response varied from -3 to + 18 per cent.She stated that a normal basal metabolic rate coupled with a lowered specific dynamic response to protein, is characteristic of disease of the hypophysis, and therefore of great diag- nostic value.Plaut (2) (3) (4), Plaut and Schadow (5), and Kestner, Plaut, and Schadow (6), have reported many determinations in confir- mation of this earlier work.Similar results have been obtained by Knipping (7).Liebesny (8) fed a similar meal (200 grams meat, 100 grams bread) to a group of normal individuals, 4 dwarfs, 2 acromegalics, 1 case of hypophyseal tumor, 4 cases of infantilism, and individuals suffering from conditions related to "disturbances of the autonomic nervous system."He determined the increase in heat production 2 hours after the ingestion of the test meal, and conctuded that the specific dynamic response of the normal individual to the above meal is 30 per cent above the basal, with a variation of i 10 per cent.A decrease, or complete absence, occurred in disturbances of the pituitary body (hypophyseal dwarfs, hypophyseal tumor), obesity, especially of hypophyseal origin, and in conditions related to disturbances of the autonomic nervous system (Raynaud's disease, scleroderma).Further, he found that the administration of a preparation of anterior lobe of the hypophysis resulted in an increase in the specific dynamic response.In a later paper (9), he reports that diathermy of the hypophysis of individuals suffering
Plasma tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor levels in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Minori Shimura, Hideo Wada, Yoshihiro Wakita, Tutomu Nakase, Katsuyo Hiyoyama, Syousaburou Nagaya, Yositaka Mori, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

We measured the plasma levels of tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) to examine the relationship between TFPI and vascular endothelial cell injury. Plasma TF (273 ± 90 pg/ml) and TFPI (252 ± 125 ng/ml) levels were significantly increased in patients with DIC compared with non-DIC patients. Plasma TF antigen level was significantly increased in pre-DIC patients (285 ± 85 pg/ml), while the plasma TFPI level (152 ± 54 ng/ml) was not markedly increased in such a state. The plasma TF/TFPI ratio was high in the pre-DIC patients (2.10 ± 0.90), and low in the DIC patients (1.40 ± 0.87) and healthy volunteers (0.84 ± 0.26). There was no significant difference between the DIC patients with a good outcome and those with a poor outcome in terms of plasma TF levels, although the plasma TFPI level in the DIC patients with a good outcome (289 ± 133 ng/ml) was significantly higher than those with a poor outcome (187 ± 75 ng/ml). During the clinical course of DIC, plasma TF antigen was increased first, and an increase of the plasma TFPI level followed the increase in plasma TF level. These findings suggest that plasma TFPI is released from vascular endothelial cells and it may reflect vascular endothelial cell injury. It is conceivable that TF and TFPI may play an important role in the onset of DIC. Am. J. Hematol. 55:169–174, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance imaging: a useful technique in the diagnosis and follow up of focal myositis.
Authors: C Moreno-Lugris, M A Gonzalez-Gay, A Sanchez-Andrade, R Blanco, D Basanta, D Ibanez, J R Pulpeiro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

Magnetic resonance imaging: a useful technique in the diagnosis and follow up of focal myositis
Osteoblastic Repair of Osteolytic Tumor Metastases Following Treatment
Authors: Kurt Elias
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Osteoblastic repair of osteolytic bone lesions has been reported as a slow process taking many months.<sup>1,2</sup>In the present case, improvement in roentgenographic examination in six weeks was accompanied by sufficient clinical improvement to permit her leaving the wheelchair and performing house-hold duties. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> This 30-year-old woman was first seen in October 1969, one month after having her fourth child. She complained of shortness of breath and back pain. Significant history included surgery for a benign breast cyst in 1966. However, in May 1969, a left radical mastectomy was done, permitting the patient to carry to term thereafter. In October, the salient findings included a gibbus with tenderness of the first lumbar vertebra, multiple skin nodules along the left lateral chest wall, and bilateral pleural effusions. Roentgenographic examination showed the expected collapse of the first lumbar vertebra and additional osteolytic bone lesions in
Atrioventricular conduction system in univentricular heart of right ventricular type with right-sided rudimentary chamber.
Authors: C E Essed, S Y Ho, S Hunter, R H Anderson
Journal: Thorax (1980)

The conduction tissue in a univentricular heart of the right ventricular type with a right-sided rudimentary chamber was studied. Both an anterior and conventional node were found, the anterior node being positioned in the atrial septum very close to the conventional node. Between the two nodes, a sling of conduction tissue passed through the annulus fibrosus but was not related to the trabecular septum. A non-branching bundle descended on to a free-running trabecula in the main ventricular chamber, the trabecular septum itself being devoid of conduction tissue. We believe it is likely that this trabecula represents the trabecula septomarginalis of the normal right ventricle. It has recently been suggested that during development the primordium of the trabecula septomarginalis is the structure which carries the conduction tissue from the atrioventricular node (whatever its position) to the trabecular septum. The present findings seem to support this.
The International Metric System and Medicine
Authors: Spencer M. Vawter
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The United States is one of only nine nations in the world which use a nonmetric system of units for weights and measures. One hundred thirty-three nations, including the USSR, China, Japan, France, and Germany use a metric system. Additionally, 16 nations, including Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, are in the process of adopting a metric system. In the United States itself, utilization of the metric system has been steadily increasing. Since 1878, when the House of Delegates of the American Medical Association recommended the use of the metric system, American medicine has established an enviable record regarding the utilization of metric notations in medical practice and research. Today's level of accomplishment should serve to encourage other segments of US society which also must inevitably adopt a metric system of measurement. Public Law 90-472 authorized the secretary of commerce to study the advantages and disadvantages of increased use of
Evidence that NADPH‐dependent methemoglobin reductase and administered riboflavin protect tissues from oxidative injury
Authors: Donald E. Hultquist, Feng Xu, Kim S. Quandt, Marshal Shlafer, Christopher P. Mack, Gerd O. Till, Andreas Seekamp, A. Lorris Betz, Steven R. Ennis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract NADPH‐dependent methemoglobin reductase, first detected in erythrocytes sixty years ago, has subsequently been purified and characterized as a methylene blue reductase and a flavin reductase. The reductase plays no role in methemoglobin reduction under normal conditions, but its activity serves as the basis for the treatment of methemoglobinemia with methylene blue or flavin. On‐going studies demonstrate that this cytosolic protein is also present in liver and that its primary structure distinguishes it from other known proteins. The bovine erythrocyte reductase tightly binds hemes, porphyrins, and fatty acids with resulting loss of activity. Pyrroloquinoline quinone serves as a high‐affinity substrate of the reductase, suggesting that this naturally‐occurring compound may be a physiological substrate. The ability of the reductase to catalyze the intracellular reduction of administered riboflavin to dihydroriboflavin suggested that this system might be exploited to protect tissues from oxidative damage. This hypothesis was supported by our finding that dihydroriboflavin reacts rapidly with Fe(IV)O and Fe(V)O oxidation states of hemeproteins, states that have been implicated in tissue damage associated with ischemia and reperfusion. Preliminary studies demonstrate that, as predicted, administration of low concentrations of riboflavin protects isolated rabbit heart from reoxygenation injury, rat lung from injury resulting from systemic activation of complement, and rat brain from damage caused by four hours of ischemia. Data from these animal studies suggest that flavin therapy holds promise in protecting tissue from the oxidative injuries of myocardial infarction, acute lung injury, stroke, and a number of other clinical conditions. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Liver Cancer Biomarkers Struggling to Succeed
Authors: S. Benowitz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Liver cancer is an international problem, as the third most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In the United States, the rising number of cases of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has helped liver cancer take center stage. It currently is the fastest-growing cancer in incidence in the United States, and it is expected to continue climbing over the next 20 years. But by the time liver cancer is diagnosed, sometimes after years of chronic hepatitis in fection and cirrhosis, treatment options are often limited. Surgical removal is a possibility, if the tumor is small enough, but for some, a liver transplant is the only viable hope. Fewer than 5% of those diagnosed with liver cancer survive for 5 years. Jorge Marrero, M.D., medical oncolo
Waterston anastomosis: Comparison of results of operation before and after age 6 months
Authors: D. Pickering, G. A. Trusler, I. Lipton, J. D. Keith
Journal: Thorax (1971)

The results of 40 Waterston aortico-to-pulmonary anastomoses are reviewed from the experience at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, between June 1966 and October 1969. Over the age of 6 months there was one death associated with the procedure in 12 cases. Under the age of 6 months the mortality associated with the operation in cases of tetralogy of Fallot was 50%. This represents the severer degree of defect as well as the increased technical difficulties in the younger age group.
The Implications of Long-Term Acute Care Hospital Transfer Practices for Measures of In-Hospital Mortality and Length of Stay
Authors: William B. Hall, Laura E. Willis, Sofia Medvedev, Shannon S. Carson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: The National Quality Forum recently endorsed in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit length of stay (LOS) as quality indicators for patients in the intensive care unit. These measures may be affected by transferring patients to long-term acute care hospitals (LTACs).Objectives: To quantify the implications of LTAC transfer practices on variation in mortality index and LOS index for patients in academic medical centers.Methods: We used a cross-sectional study design using data reported to the University HealthSystem Consortium from 2008–2009. Data were from patients who were mechanically ventilated for more than 96 hours.Measurements and Main Results: Using linear regression, we measured the association between mortality index and LTAC transfer rate, with the hospital as the unit of analysis. Similar analyses were conducted for LOS index and cost index. A total of 137 hospitals were analyzed, averaging 534 transfers to LTAC per hospital during the study period. Mean ± SD in-hospital mortality was 24 ± 6.4%, and observed LOS was 30.4 ± 8.2 days. The mean LTAC transfer rate was 15.7 ± 13.7%. Linear regression demonstrated a significant correlation between transfer rate and mortality index (R2 = 0.14; P < 0.0001) and LOS index (R2 = 0.43; P < 0.0001).Conclusions: LTAC hospital transfer rate has a significant impact on reported mortality and LOS indices for patients requiring prolonged acute mechanical ventilation. This is an example of factors unrelated to quality of medical care or illness severity that must be considered when interpreting mortality and LOS as quality indicators.
Motivation in Drug Misuse
Authors: Edwin Lipinski
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The public health paradigm of three interacting systems, agent, host, and environment, is utilized as an explanatory framework to focus on complex psychosocial factors in psychotropic drug misuse. Emphasis is given to (1) rapid changes in the drug scene, (2) varying motivation for use of different drugs, and (3) changes in motivation after initial drug use. A decade ago drug use was primarily determined by personal needs and motives. Today, with increasing use of drugs for nonmedical purposes, redefinition of illness, and a widespread expectation that human problems will be changed or solved through chemistry, the general psychosocial and economic mileu predisposes the public to widespread nonmedical drug use.
Abstract A53: Lovastatin inhibits EGFR dimerization and AKT activation in squamous cell carcinoma cells: Potential regulation through targeting rho proteins
Authors: Tong T. Zhao, Jim Dimitroulakos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We recently demonstrated the ability of lovastatin to inhibit the function of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream signaling of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Combining lovastatin with gefitinib, a potent EGFR inhibitor, induced synergistic cytotoxicity in various tumor-derived cell lines. In this study, lovastatin treatment inhibits ligand-induced EGFR dimerization in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells and its activation of AKT and its downstream targets 4EBP1 and S6K1. This inhibition was associated with global protein translational inhibition demonstrated by a decrease in RNA-associated polysome fractions. The effects of lovastatin on EGFR function were reversed by the addition of the geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate that acts as a protein membrane anchor. Lovastatin treatment induced actin cytoskeletal disorganization and the expression of the geranylgeranylated rho family proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton, including rhoA. Lovastatin-induced rhoA was inactive as EGF stimulation failed to activate rhoA and inhibition of the rho-associated kinase, a target and mediator of rhoA function, with Y-27632 also showed inhibitory effects on EGFR dimerization. The ability of lovastatin to inhibit EGFR dimerization is a novel exploitable mechanism regulating this therapeutically relevant target. To assess the potential of this approach, we evaluated the effect of statin use in patients enrolled in the BR21 erlotinib phase III study in non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. In the erlotinib arm of this trial, although not statistically significant due to the limited number of patients on statins, in general, patients that were on statins performed better than patients without statins. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):A53.