tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcineurin Inhibitor Attenuates Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Leading to Prevention of Heart Failure in Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Yasushi Sakata, Tohru Masuyama, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Nagahiro Nishikawa, Hideyuki Yamamoto, Hiroya Kondo, Keiko Ono, Kinya Otsu, Tsunehiko Kuzuya, Takeshi Miwa, Hiroshi Takeda, Eishichi Miyamoto, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —There is controversy regarding the contribution of calcineurin activation to the development of pressure-overload left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and heart failure. The aim of this study was to explore whether the inhibition of calcineurin may prevent the transition to heart failure in hypertensive rats and, if so, to clarify in which developmental stage of LV hypertrophy calcineurin plays a key role. Methods and Results —Dahl salt-sensitive rats placed on an 8% NaCl diet from the age of 7 weeks (hypertensive rats) were randomized to no treatment (n=6) or treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor FK506 (1 mg · kg − 1 · d − 1 ) from 8 weeks (FKE, n=7) or from 17 weeks (FKL, n=7). Rats placed on a 0.3% NaCl diet were defined as control rats (n=6). The administration of FK506 from 8 weeks attenuated, although it did not block, LV hypertrophy observed in the untreated rats and prevented the transition to heart failure. The development of LV fibrosis, however, was not attenuated by the administration of FK506 from 8 weeks. The administration of FK506 from 17 weeks brought no benefit for cardiac remodeling or LV function and failed to prevent heart failure. Conclusions —Calcineurin inhibition, if started from the initial stage of pressure overload, attenuated the development of LV hypertrophy without any effect on LV fibrosis and prevented the transition to heart failure. The activation of calcineurin is involved in the development of LV hypertrophy but not of LV fibrosis, and this involvement may be crucial at the initial stage.
Symptoms in Cancer Patients and an Unusual Tumor
Authors: Ayhan Ulusakarya, Yusuf Gumus, Nacera Brahimi, Béatrice Delmas-Marsalet, Wathek Almohamad, Srimanta C. Misra, Emma Goldschmidt, Mazen Haydar, David Machover
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

A 20-year-old woman presented with bone and joint pain for 2 months. She had a history of localized nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy 1 year earlier. Physical examination was normal with the exception of digital clubbing of the hands and feet. The computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax revealed multiple pulmonary opacities suggesting metastatic lesions (Fig 1A). The technetium-99m (Tc) bone scan showed a typical uptake for a periosteal reaction of the long bones corresponding to the hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPO; Fig 2A). The patient received eight cycles of chemotherapy that repeated every 3 weeks and consisted of paclitaxel, carboplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin. Following the first chemotherapy course, the patient’s analgesic consumption for bone and joint pain decreased considerably. The CT scan performed after the eighth cycle of chemotherapy showed a complete antitumor response (Fig 1B). At that time, the patient had no more bone or joint pain, and the digital clubbing had noticeably regressed (Fig 3). The Tc bone scan was also normal (Fig 2B). Periosteal new bone formation is a characteristic of the HPO. This uncommon condition may be associated with intrathoracic primary or metastatic malignant tumors, chronic pulmonary infections, congenital cyanotic heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, and other disorders. HPO with an underlying neoplasm has been reported in various tumors. A pediatric case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma devoid of pulmonary metastasis was also reported to have HPO. It is believed that continuous bone remodeling is the cause of the clinical picture and this hypothesis is seemed to be supported by the data showing the benefit from bisphosphonates in terms of symptomatic control of the disease. Recently, vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor were suggested for their role in the pathogenesis of digital clubbing which is a frequent condition associated with HPO. In patients with primary or metastatic pulmonary lesions, HPO regresses with effective treatment of the malignancy. The major antitumor response to the chemotherapy was correlated with the clinical improvement and later disappearance of HPO in our patient.
Fatal monomucleosis? don't rule it out
Authors: A. Blum
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A low index of suspicion on the part of clinicians and pathologists may be a factor in some cases of fatal infectious mononucleosis. Though not common, mortality from this disease is not unheard of (<i>JAMA</i>236:1493-1494, 1976). In fact, David T. Purtilo, MD, professor of pathology and pediatrics at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, believes that there are no fewer than 30 to 35 such cases in the United States each year, a figure that exceeds the combined number of cases of poliomyelitis, fatal rabies, and several other diseases considered more dangerous than infectious mononucleosis. Until 1970 only 20 fatalities in which there was clinical, hematological, and serological evidence of infectious mononucleosis had been reported. But during the ten-year period ending in 1976, said Purtilo, 195 cases were recorded by the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, notwithstanding the fact that infectious mononucleosis is not a reportable disease. The
IgG Subclasses in Selective IgA Deficiency
Authors: Vivi-Anne Oxelius, Anna-Brita Laurell, Bertil Lindquist, Henryka Golebiowska, Uno Axelsson, Janne Björkander, Lars Å. Hanson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

A SELECTIVE deficiency in IgA appears in about one in 700 persons.1 Many of these persons are healthy,2 but there is an increased frequency of infections, autoimmune disorders, atopy, and malabsorption syndromes in such subjects.3 In an attempt to explain why some IgA-deficient patients have illnesses and others do not, we measured IgG subclasses in patients with selective IgA deficiency with and without disease. We found coexisting IgG2 deficiency in some of the diseased patients but not in the healthy subjects.MethodsWe obtained serum samples from 37 patients (22 children one to 14 years old and 15 adults) with . . .
The Relation Between Physical Activity and Metabolic Control in Type 2 Diabetes With &amp;lt;20 Years of Evolution
Authors: Pedro de Pablos-Velasco, Wilfredo Ricart, Susana Monereo, Basilio Moreno, Jaume Marrugat
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Results from a population-based survey Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic proficiency of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-III definitions (1,2) for the metabolic syndrome in a Mexican nationwide, population-based survey.Details of the sampling procedures have been previously described (3).The population was composed of 2,158 men and women aged 20 -69 years sampled after a 9-to 12-h fasting period.For the WHO criteria, insulin resistance was diagnosed if a nondiabetic case had fasting insulin concentrations Ն126 pmol/l (21 U/ml) (Ͼ75th percentile in Mexican adults).The ageadjusted prevalence was 13.61% for the WHO criteria (n ϭ 268) and 26.6% for the NCEP-III definition (n ϭ 574).After excluding patients with diabetes, the prevalence was 9.2 and 21.4%, respectively.The agreement between the definitions was assessed in 1,969 subjects; 189 cases were eliminated due to the lack of a urine sample.The number of abnormal cases was lower using the WHO criteria.Only 237 of the 545 subjects (43.4%) who fulfilled the NCEP criteria were diagnosed as affected using the WHO definition.Just 16 of 253 cases (6.3%) detected by the WHO definition did not fulfill the NCEP definition.The agreement between the criteria was moderate ( ϭ 0.507).On the other hand, the subjects diagnosed using the WHO recommendations had a worse profile than the cases detected by the NCEP-III definition only-they had a higher BMI and higher non-HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose concentrations.The demonstration of insulin resistance among the nondiabetic population caused the lack of agreement in 202 of the 242 cases that fulfilled the NCEP definition but failed the WHO criteria.Other reasons for disparity were the higher thresholds used by the WHO criteria; these differences explained the lack of agreement in 66 of the 152 cases with diabetes.In conclusion, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is influenced by the selection of the diagnostic criteria.The WHO criteria identified a lower number of cases than the NCEP-III definition.These differences were explained mainly by the inclusion of abnormally high insulin concentrations as a diagnostic criterion.However, the presence of insulin resistance may help to identify patients more severely affected (4).
THE NON-OPERATIVE METHODS OF TREATING ANAL FISSURE OR IRRITABLE ULCER OF THE RECTUM.Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco. June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: LEWIS H. ADLER
Journal: JAMA (1894)

When anal fissure is of recent origin and not associated with much spasm of the sphincter muscles there is a fair prospect of cure without operative procedure. This statement is made advisedly and in the face of a criticism published in<i>Mathew's Medical Quarterly</i>, (January, 1894, Vol. i, No. 1, p. 185) of the writer's brochure: "Fissure of the Anus and Fistula in Ano," (Physicians' Leisure Library Series, 1892. Geo. S. Davis, Publisher, Detroit, Mich.) in which the following statement is made: "It is a pity that this admirable little work wastes so much time in discussing the palliative (?) treatment of the disease," (fissure). "In an affection so simple in its etiology and pathology and that can be so quickly and radically cured by divulsion of the sphincters, it seems a great loss of time to talk about applying ointments, when it is a recognized fact that not one
Disseminated Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type, With Multiple Subcutaneous Nodules
Authors: Veli Berk, Ramazan Yildiz, Umit Ozgur Akdemir, Nalan Akyurek, Nese Ilgin Karabacak, Ugur Coskun, Mustafa Benekli
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A 49-year-old man presented with a left nasal cavity mass, biopsy of which revealed extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. A PET-CT scan showed increased F-18 FDG uptake in the nasal mass, anterior mediastinal lymph nodes, and multiple subcutaneous nodular deposits in the chest wall, gluteal region, and right femoral areas. The patient achieved complete remission with salvage l-asparaginase therapy after failing first-line standard anthracycline-based chemotherapy. PET-CT was very useful in detecting subcutaneous nodules consistent with widespread dissemination. There is limited literature data on the use of the PET scan in the diagnosis and staging of extranodal nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas. Our case highlights the important role of F-18 FDG PET in the staging of these patients.
740-6 Short A-V Delay Interval Improves Filling in DDD Pacing of Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Normal Ejection Fraction
Authors: Maria G. Modena, Rosario Rossi, Anna V. Mattioli, Addolorata Carcagni, G. Mattioli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Manipulative therapy and physiotherapy for persistent back and neck complaints.
Authors: P. Brien, M. J. Brien
Journal: BMJ (1992)

competence to examine the spine fully enough to define which tissue or tissues were responsible for producing the pain, and is it not unsafe to attempt to manipulate patients with vertebrogenic pain of unknown origin?Am I to assume that among the undiagnosed disc, sacroiliac, and facet lesions there were also hip lesions, which may refer pain to the lower back?Ifno one was capable ofdiagnosing the lesions initially, they cannot have been capable of directing those patients with back or neck pain resulting from nuclear disc lesions to traction- surely the primary treatment for such patients.The study does not state what exercises the physiotherapists dispensed.Back or neck pain resulting from disc lesions may well be worsened by conventional strengthening or mobilising exer- cises but may be helped by certain movementsfor example, those designed by Robin McKenzie.The survey was too poorly constructed to reflect adequately what manipulative physiotherapists of today are capable of and the effective treatment patients should receive.
Poe: Defined as Schoolboy, but Definition as a Novelist Is Too Novel-Reply
Authors: Choong R. Kim
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Merging hospitals may not have the intended benefits, suggests study
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objectives</h3> Circulating antibodies are important markers of previous infection and immunity. Questions remain with respect to the durability and functionality of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. This study explored antibody responses in recovered COVID-19 patients in a setting where the probability of re-exposure is effectively nil, owing to New Zealand’s successful elimination strategy. <h3>Methods</h3> A triplex bead-based assay that detects antibody isotype (IgG, IgM and IgA) and subclass (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4) responses against Nucleocapsid (N) protein, Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) and Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 was developed. After establishing baseline levels with pre-pandemic control sera (n=113), samples from PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild-moderate disease (n=189) collected up to eight months post-infection were examined. The relationship between antigen-specific antibodies and neutralising antibodies (NAbs) was explored with a surrogate neutralisation assay that quantifies inhibition of the RBD/hACE-2 interaction. <h3>Results</h3> While most individuals had broad isotype and subclass responses to each antigen shortly after infection, only RBD and S protein IgG, as well as NAbs, were stable over the study period, with 99%, 96% and 90% of samples, respectively, having responses over baseline 4-8 months post-infection. Anti-RBD antibodies were strongly correlated with NAbs at all time points (Pearson’s r ≥ 0.87) and feasibility of using finger prick sampling to accurately measure anti-RBD IgG was demonstrated. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 persist for up to eight months following mild to moderate infection. This robust response can be attributed to the initial exposure without immune boosting given the lack of community transmission in our setting.
Colorectal neoplasia in acromegaly: the reported increased prevalence is overestimated Reply
Authors: A G RENEHAN
Journal: Gut (2000)

Editor,—We read with interest a recent paper by Jenkins et al ( Gut 1999; 44 :585–587). However, we are concerned with their assertion that acromegaly is a high risk condition for colorectal neoplasia, and their recommended advice on colonoscopic screening and surveillance. Jenkins and colleagues had found that 33 (26%) of 129 patients (updated to 155), treated for acromegaly at St Bartholomew's Hospital, had at least one adenoma and six (5%) had adenocarcinomas.1 

We feel that the choice of controls in this study was inappropriate because although there is no ideal control population, the authors used comparative data on the incidence of adenomatous polyps from only two cohorts: a published study of left sided adenomas,1a and colonoscopic records of all patients without acromegaly that had been examined by one of the authors. Matched for age (and side), the relative risk of adenomas was higher in patients with acromegaly when compared with data from the first study, but not when compared with data from the second.

In an attempt to estimate more appropriately the prevalence of adenomas in the normal population, we have carried out a comprehensive review of the literature on adenoma prevalence per decade …
Treatment of severe thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus with intravenous gammaglobulin.
Authors: E.J ter Borg, C.G Kallenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Three patients with lupus with severe auto-immune thrombocytopenia were treated with high doses of intravenous gammaglobulin. In the patient with active disease a prolonged but partial response with respect to platelet counts was observed. In the two other patients who had no disease activity other than thrombocytopenia at the time of intravenous gammaglobulin treatment a minor (and only transient) increase in platelet counts was seen after treatment. No change in the state of disease activity nor in the levels of antinuclear antibodies, circulating immune complexes, nor complement C3/4 was observed in these three patients after treatment with intravenous gammaglobulin.
The Value of Microscopic Examination of Urinary Sediment
Authors: Robert M. Donauer
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  An article appeared in The Journal entitled Microscopic Look at Urine Often Unnecessary (239:13, 1978). This report indicated that a low diagnostic yield was seen on microscopic examination if findings from a macroscopic urinalysis were negative. On the contrary, I think that microscopic findings may be meaningful even where findings from macroscopic studies, including chemical screening tests, are negative. I found this to be true in 1967 when I reported a study of 10,140 specimens. To see whether the conclusions drawn then are still valid, earlier this year I had a new study done on microscopic specimens by a laboratory that serves a great number of insurance companies and analyzes as many urine specimens as any other laboratory in the world.  The processing technique for urinalysis involves centrifuging the 15-ml specimen at 3,000 rpm in a standard clinical centrifuge for four minutes. Then, 0.05 ml of the
Serum eosinophil cationic protein in the evaluation of asthma severity in children
Authors: T. Vanto, P. Koskinen
Journal: Allergy (1998)

To assess the sensitivity and specificity of serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in the diagnosis of asthma and evaluation of asthma severity, we conducted a prospective study to compare parameters of asthma severity, peripheral blood eosinophilia, and serum ECP concentrations in 88 children presenting to a university hospital outpatient clinic with suspected (n=59) or recently diagnosed asthma (n=29). Serum ECP correlated significantly (r[s]=0.676, P = 0.0001) with peripheral eosinophil counts, but only weakly with asthma severity (r[s]=0.21, P=0.046). Serum ECP was significantly higher in atopic children (25+/-11 microg/l) than in nonatopic children (16+/-15 microg/l) (P=0.01). Bronchial hyperresponsiveness had no significant correlation (r[s]= -0.21, P=0.30) with serum ECP. Lung function test results had no (peak flow) or only a weak (FEV1) correlation with serum ECP. In distinguishing between children with and without asthma or in assessing asthma severity, serum ECP is not superior to the peripheral blood eosinophil count. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of ECP in serum for detecting symptomatically active asthma, evaluated against the cutoff level of ECP in serum of 16 mg/l, were 54% and 71%, respectively.
JAMA 100 Years Ago
Authors: E. E. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ovomucoids IgE is a better marker than egg white–specific IgE to diagnose boiled egg allergy
Authors: Yasuhiro Haneda, Naoyuki Kando, Masahiro Yasui, Takae Kobayashi, Toru Maeda, Asuka Hino, Shunji Hasegawa, Takashi Ichiyama, Komei Ito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Cost, Risks, and Benefits of Surgery
Authors: John J. Bergan
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Human life has traditionally been regarded as priceless. Therefore, no cost should be spared if a life can be saved. However, life-saving methods have now been developed that may well be beyond the capacity of society to pay for them. Perhaps coronary artery bypass surgery and renal transplantation cost more for society as a whole than society is willing to purchase. This book, using the methods of decision theory and cost-benefit analysis aims to clarify thinking rather than to be merely critical. The first part, background and general principles, introduces the methods of conditional probability, decision trees, and economic analysis. A second section, entitled "Surgical Innovation," shows historically that surgical procedures were devised in the past on the basis of intuition and insight of singular individuals. Distinguished foreign visitors to this country had an enormous impact on surgical practice. For example, Arbuthnot Lane, in 1909, explained an elaborate pathology of
ANESTHESIA IN OPERATION FOR PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA
Authors: Edward W. Bixby
Journal: JAMA (1952)

To the Editor:—  In a paper concerning anesthesia in operations for pheochromocytoma, inThe Journal, Jan. 19, 1952, Papper and Cahill state, no ill-effects from the sympathomimetic action of ether have been noted. They also state that the use of N, N-dibenzyl-beta-chloroethylamine (dibenamine®) 24 hours preoperatively is not without risk, because of a sustained hypotension.  Decker and associates ( J. A. M. A.  147 :642 [Oct. 13] 1951), in discussing the operative treatment of a case of pheochromocytoma, mention a fatality due to irreversible shock following removal of the tumor and suggest that dibenamine® apparently had rendered the patient refractory to epinephrine.  Recently in January, 1952, a case of paroxysmal hypertension in a 31-year-old white man was successfully cured with the operative removal of a pheochromocytoma by Dr. John B. Flick. The anesthetic problems in this patient were the most difficult to manage. Thiopental (pentothal®) sodium was used for induction, but