tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cultured human amniotic fluid cells characterized with antibodies against intermediate filaments in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy.
Authors: I Virtanen, H von Koskull, V P Lehto, T Vartio, P Aula
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Cells cultured from second trimester human amniotic fluid were characterized in indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) microscopy using specific antibodies against the subunit proteins of different types of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments. Most of the amniotic fluid cell cultures contained only epithelial cells as indicated by the positive keratin-fluorescence in IIF. Five distinct types of keratin-positive cells could be characterized. A dominating cell type (E-1) in most cultures were rapidly proliferating epithelial cells, previously called amniotic fluid cells (AF-cells). These cells showed a fibrillar cytoplasmic fluorescence both with keratin antibodies and with antibodies against vimentin, the fibroblast type of intermediate filament protein. E-1 cells did not show the typical cell-to-cell arrangement of keratin fibrils between the adjacent cells, a characteristic previously found in most cultured epithelial cells. Most of the cultures also contained large epitheloid cells (E-2), showing a fine fibrillar cytoplasmic organization of both keratin- and vimentin filaments, clearly different from that seen in E-1 cells. Several cultures contained two additional epithelial cells both showing the typical cell-to-cell arrangement of keratin fibrils (E-3 and E-4). These two cell types could be distinguished because of their distinct difference in size. E-4 cells typically grew as small cell islands among other epitheloid cells. Amniotic fluid cell cultures occasionally contained also large multinucleated cells (E-5), which appeared to contain large amount of fibrillar keratin. Fibroblastic cells, identified by their decoration only with antibodies against vimentin, were rarely found in amniotic fluid cell cultures. Interestingly, in such cultures some cells with a fibroblastoid appearance were identified as epithelial cells on the basis of the positive keratin-fluorescence. The results show the suitability of IIF with cytoskeletal antibodies in characterization of heterogenous cell populations and indicate that normal amniotic fluid cell cultures mostly contain epithelial cells.
Does Utilization of Screening Mammography Explain Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breast Cancer?
Authors: Rebecca Smith-Bindman, Diana L. Miglioretti, Nicole Lurie, Linn Abraham, Rachel Ballard Barbash, Jodi Strzelczyk, Mark Dignan, William E. Barlow, Cherry M. Beasley, Karla Kerlikowske
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Background: Reasons for persistent differences in breast cancer mortality rates among various racial and ethnic groups have been difficult to ascertain. Objective: To determine reasons for disparities in breast cancer outcomes across racial and ethnic groups. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: The authors pooled data from 7 mammography registries that participate in the National Cancer Institute–funded Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. Cancer diagnoses were ascertained through linkage with pathology databases; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results programs; and state tumor registries. Participants: 1 010 515 women 40 years of age and older who had at least 1 mammogram between 1996 and 2002; 17 558 of these women had diagnosed breast cancer. Measurements: Patterns of mammography and the probability of inadequate mammography screening were examined. The authors evaluated whether overall and advanced cancer rates were similar across racial and ethnic groups and whether these rates were affected by the use of mammography. Results: African-American, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American women were more likely than white women to have received inadequate mammographic screening (relative risk, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.2 to 1.2], 1.3 [CI, 1.2 to 1.3], 1.4 [CI, 1.3 to 1.4], and 1.2 [CI, 1.1 to 1.2] respectively). African-American women were more likely than white, Asian, and Native American women to have large, advanced-stage, high-grade, and lymph node–positive tumors of the breast. The observed differences in advanced cancer rates between African American and white women were attenuated or eliminated after the cohort was stratified by screening history. Among women who were previously screened at intervals of 4 to 41 months, African-American women were no more likely to have large, advanced-stage tumors or lymph node involvement than white women with the same screening history. African-American women had higher rates of high-grade tumors than white women regardless of screening history. The lower rates of advanced cancer among Asian and Native American women persisted when the cohort was stratified by mammography history. Limitations: Results are based on a cohort of women who had received mammographic evaluations. Conclusions: African-American women are less likely to receive adequate mammographic screening than white women, which may explain the higher prevalence of advanced breast tumors among African-American women. Tumor characteristics may also contribute to differences in cancer outcomes because African-American women have higher-grade tumors than white women regardless of screening. These results suggest that adherence to recommended mammography screening intervals may reduce breast cancer mortality rates.
Identification of the cutaneous basement membrane zone antigen and isolation of antibody in linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis.
Authors: J J Zone, T B Taylor, D P Kadunce, L J Meyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) is a rare blistering skin disease characterized by basement membrane zone deposition of IgA. This study identifies a tissue antigen detected by patient serum and then isolates the autoantibody using epidermis and protein bands blotted on nitrocellulose as immunoabsorbents. Sera from 10 patients (9 with cutaneous disease and 1 with cicatrizing conjunctivitis) were evaluated. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed an IgA anti-basement membrane antibody in 6 of 10 sera with monkey esophagus substrate and 9 of 10 sera with human epidermal substrate. Immunoblotting was performed on epidermal and dermal extracts prepared from skin separated at the basement membrane zone with either sodium chloride or EDTA. Saline-separated skin expressed a 97-kD band in dermal extract alone that was recognized by 4 of 10 sera. EDTA-separated skin expressed the 97-kD band in both epidermal (4 of 10 sera) and dermal (6 of 10 sera) extract. Immunoabsorption of positive sera with epidermis purified an IgA antibody that reacted uniquely with the 97-kD band. In addition, IgA antibody bound to nitrocellulose was eluted from the 97-kD band and found to uniquely bind basement membrane zone. It is likely that the 97-kD protein identified by these techniques is responsible for basement membrane binding of IgA in LABD.
Polyradiculitis (Landry-Guillain-Barre Syndrome)
Authors: R. H. Jackson, H. Miller, K. Schapira
Journal: BMJ (1957)

MULTIPLE SCLEROSISRDIrJONL adjustment and a readiness to co-operate to the full during the first crucial years of the disease.Above all, the impression must not be left on the patient's mind that he or she is suffering from a mysterious disease about which nothing is known and for which there is no treatment. SumaryAn air of defeatism tends to surround the subject of multiple sclerosis.The reasons for this attitude are examined in some detail.Aetiology is discussed with especial reference to the allergic theory.A diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is usually not made until the fourth or fifth year of the disease.The causes of this delay are discussed and early symptomatology is reviewed.The traditional belief that multiple sclerosis inevitably leads to increasing disability and premature death requires modification in the light of recent studies.A brief reference is made to the concept of varying degrees of resistance and to a benign form of the disease.A plea is made for a more positive attitude towards treatment.In an early case more attention should be paid to the constitutional and environmental background of the patient.Stress is laid on the importance of rest during active phases of the disease, followed by prolonged convalescence.In responsible adults an explanation of the nature of their illness is essential in order to obtain intelligent co-operation in treatment.
Screening for Osteoporosis
Authors: Diane Altkorn, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Problem of Providing Health Services
Authors: JAMES V. WARREN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Despite great scientific advances in medicine, serious problems in the delivery of health services exist today. The physician himself is already deeply involved in this problem. We need a resolution of how medical care can best be distributed and what type physician would be most effective in this regard. Currently available analyses are not totally satisfactory. Granted that we know the type physician to produce, what is the most efficient way to produce him? The burden on the medical schools of this country is great, much greater than just an increase in population. How do we increase the medical schools' output of physicians? Can the medical school survive as an academic institution under this great load? Finally, this is a costly matter. Who is going to pay the bill for the total health and medical activity in the United States?
Planning to work in the USA?
Authors: J M Connor, R A Connor
Journal: BMJ (1981)

This article is intended as a practical guide for doctors who are considering a period of postgraduate training in the USA.The merits of gaining one's "BTA" ("Been to America") are well known,t but many may be deterred by the apparent complexity of the US regulations concerning foreign doctors.2The first priority is early planning.Theoretically you could apply for an advertised post, but in practice most jobs are arran- ged by personal contact.
ONTOGENY OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: G. M. Williams
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

The development of the ability of young rats to generate a prompt primary antibody response to polymerized flagellin, with IgM to IgG transition, is correlated in time with the development of structures in the cortex of lymph nodes that localize antigen to spherical areas which subsequently become primary lymphoid follicles. Throughout development the increased magnitude of the antibody response parallels the increased ability of lymphoid structures to retain antigen. During the first week of life primitive lymphoid tissue appears capable of undergoing the initial steps in differentiation toward antibody production in response to neonatal injections of polymerized flagellin. However, further maturation appears to be blocked resulting in a complex immunological state at the age of 2 weeks characterized by increased IgM and decreased IgG antibody response to antigenic challenge at this time. The possible relationship between the block in cellular differentiation toward antibody formation and the ease of tolerance induction is discussed.
Amiodarone and desethylamiodarone distribution in the atrium and adipose tissue of patients undergoing short- and long-term treatment with amiodarone
Authors: Enrico Barbieri, Franco Conti, Patrizio Zampieri, Gian Paolo Trevi, Pietro Zardini, Vincenzo D’aranno, Roberto Latini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1986)
ABSENCE OF DOWNSTREAM MYOCARDIAL EFFECTS AFTER TREATMENT OF PORCINE CORONARY ARTERIES WITH A NOVEL PACLITAXEL COATED SCORING BALLOON CATHETER
Authors: Bruno Scheller, Yvonne Clever, Gary Gershony, Ulrich Speck, Michael B&ouml;hm, Bodo Cremers
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Propranolol targets the contractility of infantile haemangioma‐derived pericytes
Authors: D. Lee, E. Boscolo, J.T. Durham, J.B. Mulliken, I.M. Herman, J. Bischoff
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Background Propranolol, a β-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist, is an effective treatment for endangering infantile haemangioma (IH). Dramatic fading of cutaneous colour is often seen a short time after initiating propranolol therapy, with accelerated regression of IH blood vessels discerned after weeks to months. Objectives To assess a possible role for haemangioma-derived pericytes (HemPericytes) isolated from proliferating and involuting phase tumours in apparent propranolol-induced vasoconstriction. Methods HemPericytes were assayed for contractility on a deformable silicone substrate: propranolol (10 μmol L−1) restored basal contractile levels in HemPericytes that were relaxed with the AR agonist epinephrine. Small interfering RNA knockdown of β2-AR blunted this response. HemPericytes and haemangioma-derived endothelial cells were co-implanted subcutaneously in nude mice to form blood vessels; at day 7 after injection, mice were randomized into vehicle and propranolol-treated groups. Results HemPericytes expressed high levels of β2-AR mRNA compared with positive control bladder smooth muscle cells. In addition, β2-AR mRNA levels were relatively high in IH specimens (n = 15) compared with β1-AR, β3-AR and α1b-AR. Normal human retinal and placental pericytes were not affected by epinephrine or propranolol in this assay. Propranolol (10 μmol L−1) inhibited the proliferation of HemPericytes in vitro, as well as normal pericytes, indicating a nonselective effect in this assay. Contrast-enhanced microultrasonography of the implants after 7 days of treatment showed significantly decreased vascular volume in propranolol-treated animals, but no reduction in vehicle-treated animals. Conclusions These findings suggest that the mechanism of propranolol's effect on proliferating IH involves increased pericytic contractility.
Low Mpl receptor expression in a pedigree with familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia and a novel AML1 mutation
Authors: Paula G. Heller, Ana C. Glembotsky, Manish J. Gandhi, Carrie L. Cummings, Carlos J. Pirola, Rosana F. Marta, Laura I. Kornblihtt, Jonathan G. Drachman, Felisa C. Molinas
Journal: Blood (2005)
Medical Teaching Methods.
Authors: John M. Batten
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3> Whilst this question of teaching medicine is going the rounds of the journals let me have my say on the subject. I consider that the present mode of teaching medicine should be reversed; or, in other words, the horse should be put in front of the cart instead of behind it. The lecturer or teacher goes to his class full of the subject matter, whilst his students know little of it. They sit like bumps on a log whilst their very eloquent teacher (?) tells them all about, or develops the subject. Suppose the teacher says to his class that to-morrow, between the hours of 11 A.M. and 12 M., we are going to have the subject of typhoid fever for discussion, and I wish you to familiarize yourselves fully with the subject; I will call on any one of
SWINE INFLUENZA
Authors: Richard E. Shope
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1931)

Swine influenza has been induced in pigs by the intranasal instillation of material from spontaneous cases of the disease as occurring epizootically in eastern Iowa. The experimental disease has the same features as the epizootic. It has been maintained for study by serial passages accomplished either by intranasal instillation or by pen contact. Eight strains of the virus have been established experimentally during three epizootic periods. The clinical disease induced by these eight strains has been in general the same although its severity and mortality have varied. The principal features of the pathology of swine influenza are an exudative bronchitis accompanied by marked damage of the bronchial epithelium and its cilia, a peribronchial round cell infiltration, and massive pulmonary atelectasis. The latter is modified somewhat by a round cell infiltration of the alveolar walls. The lymph nodes, especially the cervical and mediastinal ones, are hyperplastic and edematous. There is usually a mild to moderate, acute splenic tumor. The mucosa of the stomach and colon is congested. The pneumonia following swine influenza is, characteristically, lobular in type and of the same general distribution as the atelectasis. The non-pneumonic areas of lung are extremely edematous and congested.
A Randomized, Phase II Trial of Two Dose Levels of Temsirolimus (CCI-779) in Patients with Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Who Have Responding or Stable Disease after Induction Chemotherapy: A Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E1500)
Authors: Kishan J. Pandya, Suzanne Dahlberg, Manuel Hidalgo, Roger B. Cohen, Martin W. Lee, Joan H. Schiller, David H. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Progressive hypoxemia limits left ventricular oxygen consumption and contractility.
Authors: K R Walley, C J Becker, R A Hogan, K Teplinsky, L D Wood
Journal: Circulation Research (1988)

To study the cardiac effects of progressive hypoxemia, we measured the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and myocardial oxygen delivery (MQO2) in eight thoracotomized dogs anesthetized with fentanyl and droperidol. We specifically looked for evidence of oxygen supply limitation of MVO2 and depressed contractility (altered ESPVR) during stepwise decreases in inspired oxygen fraction. We hypothesized that the reported relation between MVO2 and left ventricular pressure-volume area (PVA) may hold when inadequate MQO2 determines MVO2, which then may limit PVA, manifested partly as a change in the ESPVR. Initially, as arterial oxygen saturation was decreased from 95 +/- 3% to 64 +/- 14%, coronary blood flow increased so that MQO2 was maintained with no change in myocardial extraction ratio (ERm = MVO2/MQO2). During this first phase, lactate utilization, PVA, and ESPVR did not change. When oxygen saturation was further reduced, coronary blood flow rose no higher and ERm increased, but not enough to maintain MVO2. Lactate consumption decreased and ST segments rose, signaling a change from aerobic metabolism. MVO2 decrease was associated with a fall in PVA, which was due to a fall in blood pressure and a significant depression of the ESPVR. Specifically, the volume intercept of the ESPVR increased in all dogs (6.5-20.1 ml, p less than 0.0001), accounting for two thirds of the increase in end-systolic volume. The slope of the ESPVR decreased during hypoxia (13.3-6.1 mm Hg/ml, p less than 0.02), accounting for only one third of the observed increase in end-systolic volume. We believe that the evidence of anaerobic metabolism, the decrease in PVA, and the depression of the ESPVR demonstrates onset of oxygen supply limitation of MVO2. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that limited MVO2 may limit PVA. The hypoxic volume intercept alteration of the ESPVR is different from changes in the slope of ESPVR seen with other interventions. This may be analogous to recent observations in isolated muscle that show hypoxic depression in contractility to be different from other interventions.
Donors reject screening panel for malaria projects
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The four founding donors of the “Roll Back Malaria” project, the partnership that is committed to eradicating the disease, have rejected a plan for an independent panel to screen all potential programmes.

The rejection came after a meeting of malaria specialists in Cambridge, Massachusetts, organised by Jeffrey Sachs and colleagues from Harvard's Center for International Development.

Dr Sachs's team proposed an independent panel of experts to screen all malaria projects before …
My Dear Colleague: Are You Considering Suicide?
Authors: Adrienne B. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> My first reaction to your COMMENTARY, Dr Victoroff,<sup>1</sup>was one of anger. What on earth do you know about suicide? How can you interpret the response of your colleague's family? How do you know what leads a physician, or anyone, to the ultimate act of self-destruction? Perhaps I should first tell you that I'm one of the people you addressed in your COMMENTARY. I'm a 40-year-old physician, the mother of three, the wife of a physician. My father committed suicide 15 years ago. I'm not sure if our family will ever recover from that tragedy. Perhaps we should have coped better: at least one of his siblings met the same end, at a time when no one discussed such things. So when my sister had an acute depressive break several years later, and when familial unipolar depression was diagnosed, my own seasonal bouts of insomnia, paranoid
ADMINISTRATION OF MORPHINE BY THE NOSTRILS.Delivered before the American Rhinological Association, Louisville, Ky., October, 1890.
Authors: CARL H. VON KLEIN
Journal: JAMA (1890)

In the administration of morphine by the mouth, there is generally, besides an inprecipitate taste, a great deal of hacking and spitting; in many to such an extent that it produces an irritation of the throat, especially of the soft palate. If used repeatedly it excites the same irritation of the lips and tongue as in the use of opium, and has been known to blister the mouth. In persons not accustomed to the taste of morphia it produces nausea and vomiting. Dr. Billroth reports in the case of a lady who took small doses 0.007 gram (gr. 1-9), and even 0.003 gram (gr. 1-22), saw such anxiety, nausea, and vomiting, that although suffering intense pain, she refused to take the remedy again. Cases of the same nature have been reported by Laborde. Wernick has called attention to the occurrence of a paræsthesia of taste after the use of
The Glomerular Complement Receptor in Immunologically Mediated Renal Glomerular Injury
Authors: Michael C. Gelfand, Moon L. Shin, Raymond B. Nagle, Ira Green, Michael M. Frank
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

We examined 25 renal-biopsy specimens to determine whether there is a relation between immunologically mediated renal diseases and the activity of complement receptors that selectively bind antigen-antibody complexes containing activated third component of complement (C3b). These receptors have been termed glomerular complement receptors. Renal lesions associated with in vivo deposition were associated with a loss of receptor sites as demonstrated by reduced or absent in vitro binding of C3b-coated test reagents by glomerular complement receptor. These findings suggest that binding of complement containing immune complexes to glomerular complement receptors in human subjects may participate in the immunopathologic processes of certain immune-complex-mediated renal diseases.