tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Germline Genomic Homozygosity and Cancer Risk—Reply
Authors: Charis Eng, Guillaume Assié, Thomas Louis LaFramboise
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CORRELATION OF THE RESULTS OF SODIUM AMYTAL NARCOSIS AND OF CONVULSIVE SHOCK TREATMENT
Authors: ROBERT A. CLARK, RODNEY H. KIEFER, MARTIN J. GERSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

A positive correlation was observed between the effects of intravenous sodium amytal and of convulsive shock treatment on 40 patients suffering from psychoses without demonstrable organic pathology. The different types of response were illustrated by the case histories of 6 patients. It is concluded that the sodium amytal test is of some value in predicting the outcome of convulsive shock treatment, and may be of practical use in selecting cases for treatment. It is suggested that the use of this test may be combined with the use of the Rorschach and performance tests. This correlation may also serve as a lead for further investigation of the pathologic physiology of so-called functional mental disorders.
Regular virologic surveillance showed very frequent cytomegalovirus reactivation in patients treated with alemtuzumab
Authors: Winnie W. Cheung, Eric Tse, Anskar Y.H. Leung, Kwok‐Yung Yuen, Yok‐Lam Kwong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Ten patients with refractory lymphomas or autoimmune cytopenias were treated with alemtuzumab, and monitored prospectively for cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation by antigenemia and polymerase chain reaction. All patients showed virologic CMV reactivation. Two patients developed pneumonitis and hepatitis respectively, necessitating alemtuzumab withdrawal. Eight patients were asymptomatic, and with pre-emptive anti-CMV treatment, alemtuzumab therapy was uninterrupted. All patients ultimately achieved virologic remission. The frequent CMV reactivation was due to a high background seropositivity rate for CMV, severely immunocompromized patients, a sensitive detection method, and the diligence of surveillance. Frequent monitoring for and early treatment of CMV reactivation is necessary during alemtuzumab therapy.
Rescuing generative linguistics: Too little, too late?
Authors: Michael J. Spivey, Monica Gonzalez-Marquez
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Jackendoff's Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution attempts to reconnect generative linguistics to the rest of cognitive science. However, by minimally acknowledging decades of work in cognitive linguistics, treating dynamical systems approaches somewhat dismissively, and clinging to certain fundamental dogma while revising others, he clearly risks satisfying no one by almost pleasing everyone.
Preoperative Atropine and Electrocardiography
Authors: M. H. Wendkos
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  This letter concerns the paper by Kauffman and Lubera entitled Preoperative Use of Atropine and Electrocardiographic Changes (200:197, 1967).  It should be pointed out that the electrocardiographic evidence in support of their conclusions is not as incontestable as they would like the reader to believe. Although the configuration of the T wave and the extent of its abnormality were altered following the administration of atropine in the two patients without supposed ischemic heart disease, there was no normalization of the T wave in either instance. As I emphasized (Amer Heart J28:549, 1944), T-wave abnormalities resulting from vagal overactivity were replaced by normal T waves when the subject assumed the upright position or when a whiff of amyl nitrite was administered to the patient while he was in the recumbent position. Therefore, I would like to suggest to the authors of this paper that they
SOME OF THE LESIONS INDUCED BY TYPHOID FEVER.Read before the Cambridge Society for Medical Improvement, February 23, 1891.
Authors: AUGUSTUS P. CLARKE
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Perhaps no disease whose records have been embodied in medical literature is attended or followed by a greater variety of lesions than is that of typhoid fever. The functions of the great nerve centres, including the brain and spinal cord, as also those of the nervous system generally, are liable to be seriously influenced, weakened or interrupted, for periods of uncertain duration, by the occurrence of an attack of typhoid fever. Among the sequels or complications that have been observed is dementia, insanity, loss of sight, aphasia, paraplegia and other forms of paralysis. Sometimes only one limb, as a leg or an arm; rarely, only an arm and a leg at the same time. At other times disturbances are limited to the functions of speech. Cases now and then occur, in which we have paralysis without appreciable anæsthesia. The more common forms are those in which both the motor and
Inflammatory bowel disease in married couples.
Authors: K Singh, J H Saunders, R J Foley
Journal: Gut (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Understanding the factors that shape microbiomes can provide insight on the importance of host-symbiont interactions and on co-evolutionary dynamics. Unlike for mammals, previous studies have found little or no support for an influence of host evolutionary history on avian gut microbiome diversity and instead have suggested a greater influence of the environment or diet due to fast gut turnover. Because effects of different factors may be conflated by captivity and sampling design, examining natural variation using large sample sizes is important. Our goal was to overcome these limitations by sampling wild birds to compare environmental, dietary, and evolutionary influences on gut microbiome structure. We performed fecal metabarcoding to characterize both the gut microbiome and diet of fifteen wood-warbler species across a four-year period and from two geographic localities. We find host taxonomy generally explained ∼10% of the variation between individuals, which is ∼6-fold more variation of any other factor considered, including diet diversity. Further, gut microbiome similarity was more congruent with the host phylogeny than with host diet similarity and we found little association between diet diversity and microbiome diversity. Together, our results suggest evolutionary history is the strongest predictor of gut microbiome differentiation among wood-warblers. Although the phylogenetic signal of the warbler gut microbiome is not very strong, our data suggest that a stronger influence of diet (as measured by diet diversity) does not account for this pattern. The mechanism underlying this phylogenetic signal is not clear, but we argue host traits may filter colonization and maintenance of microbes.
Differential Requirement for Rel/Nuclear Factor κB Family Members in Natural Killer T Cell Development
Authors: Vallabhapurapu Sivakumar, Kirsten J.L. Hammond, Norma Howells, Klaus Pfeffer, Falk Weih
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

Natural killer T (NKT) cells have been implicated in diverse immune responses ranging from suppression of autoimmunity to tumor rejection. Thymus-dependent NKT cells are positively selected by the major histocompatibility complex class I-like molecule CD1d, but the molecular events downstream of CD1d are still poorly understood. Here, we show that distinct members of the Rel/nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B family of transcription factors were required in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells for normal development of thymic NKT cells. Activation of NF-kappa B via the classical I kappa B alpha-regulated pathway was required in a cell autonomous manner for the transition of NK-1.1-negative precursors that express the TCR V alpha 14-J alpha 18 chain to mature NK-1.1-positive NKT cells. The Rel/NF-kappa B family member RelB, on the other hand, had to be expressed in radiation resistant thymic stromal cells for the generation of early NK-1.1-negative NKT precursors. Moreover, NF-kappa B-inducing kinase (NIK) was required for both constitutive thymic DNA binding of RelB and the specific induction of RelB complexes in vitro. Thus, distinct Rel/NF-kappa B family members in hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells regulate NKT cell development with a unique requirement for NIK-mediated activation of RelB in thymic stroma.
Is Bordetella pertussis clonal?
Authors: M. N. Khattak, R. C. Matthews, J. P. Burnie
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To establish whether Bordetella pertussis is essentially clonal. DESIGN--Analysis of restriction fragments of XbaI digests of DNA from clinical and control isolates of B pertussis by pulse field gel electrophoresis. MATERIALS--105 isolates of B pertussis: 67 clinical isolates from throughout the United Kingdom and 23 from Germany (collected during the previous 18 months); vaccine strains 2991 and 3700; and 13 control isolates from Manchester University9s culture collection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Frequency of DNA types according to country of origin and classical serotyping. RESULTS--17 DNA types were identified on the basis of the variation in 11 fragments, banding at 200-412 kilobases; 15 types were found in the clinical and control isolates from the United Kingdom and seven in those from Germany. There was no correlation with serotype. DNA type 1 was the commonest overall (22/105 strains, 22%), predominating in serotypes 1,2 and 1,2,3 and including the vaccine strains but not the isolates from Germany. CONCLUSIONS--Current infections due to B pertussis are not caused by a clonal pathogen as multiple strains are circulating in a given population at one time. There is also considerable epidemiological variation in the pathogen population between countries. These findings may have implications for the design of acellular vaccines.
The Quality of Life after Breast Cancer — Solving the Problem of Lymphedema
Authors: Patricia A. Ganz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

In the past 30 years we have witnessed an assault on the view that breast cancer can be treated as a regional disease solely by aggressive surgical techniques. First to be challenged and abandoned was radical mastectomy, and soon afterward segmental mastectomy or lumpectomy was demonstrated to be as effective as modified radical mastectomy.1 Sentinel-node biopsy, which may lead to the elimination of axillary dissection in women with early-stage disease, represents the newest challenge to traditional surgical approaches to the treatment and staging of breast cancer.2 These changes have been driven by a better understanding of the systemic nature of . . .
Treatment of Herpes Zoster with High Doses of Prednisone.
Authors: Frank A. Elliott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Treatment of Herpes Zoster with High Doses of Prednisone.Frank A. Elliott, M.D.Frank A. Elliott, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-735_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn infection by herpes zoster there is an acute inflammation not only of the root ganglion, but also of the peripheral portion of the nerve. Histological evidence derived from light and electron microscopic studies of biopsy material will be presented. Similar studies on material from patients with post-herpetic neuralgia show dense fibrosis of the peripheral nerve and much collagen material. The presence of this scarring suggested that high doses of steroids might reduce the inflammatory reaction in the acute stage and might therefore reduce the fibrosis, which is thought to be the cause of post-herpetic neuralgia. To date, 26 cases... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 735-735KeywordsBiopsyElectron microscopyFibrosisInflammationNervesSteroids Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Analysis of re-entry mechanisms in the three patients with concealed Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: H Neuss, M Schlepper, J Thormann
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Three patients with recurring attacks of supraventricular tachycardia and no electrocardiographic evidence of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome) were studied using intracardiac recordings and atrial stimulation. The findings are interpreted as evidence of a concealed WPW syndrome. In all patients there was antegrade block of the anomalous atrioventricular (A-V) pathway while retrograde conduction was unimpaired and allowed the initiation of the observed reciprocating tachycardias. The diagnosis was based on the assumption that the ventricular myocardium was an essential link in the re-entry circuit. The three most important findings to support this assumption are: 1) retrograde conduction time, measured by the Q-A' interval (Q in ECG to atrial echo), and the rate of tachycardia were dependent on the mode of intraventricular conduction: 2) the first Q-A' interval of the tachycardia was independent of the A-H interval (initiation of atrial impulse to first activation of the His bundle) of the initiating premature atrial depolarization (PAD); 3) there was retrograde conduction following a ventricular premature beat during tachycardia at a time when the A-V node and/or the bundle of His would be refractory.
Website of the week: Systematic reviews and the Cochrane Collaboration
Authors: M. Mullner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The BMJ likes systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Even though we are well aware of problems associated with this kind of research (see Sterne et al's article on page 101), we are convinced that this kind of research is necessary to provide the best evidence for health care. In this week's issue we publish a systematic review (p 81) that has already …
Progress in Infertility
Authors: Alvin F. GOLDFARB
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This book is designed primarily for those who have an interest in managing the patient with reproductive problems. The contributions have been written by 62 different experts in this field, each of whom has an international reputation in the subject assigned to him. The material has been divided into ten sections. The first three deal with the structural and functional aspects of the female reproductive system. Included are chapters dealing with congenital anomalies of the reproductive system and their surgical management, the endometrial cavity and its relationship to human reproduction, and the ovum transport mechanism. In addition, there are excellent chapters on endometriosis and the ovarian factor. The next section deals with basic reproductive endocrinology. Much stress has been placed on the evaluation and treatment of problems relating to ovulatory defects. The chapters devoted to hypothalamic function, thyroid function, and the adrenal gland are exceedingly well done. The male has
Control of Ventricular Tachycardia by Direct Cardiac Electric Shock
Authors: J. K. CLAREBROUGH, I. HOIPKINS
Journal: Circulation (1961)

A case is presented of ventricular tachycardia occurring following myocardial infarction. When medical measures failed to convert the rhythm to normal, direct cardiac electric shock was employed, with return to normal of the cardiac rhythm and recovery of the patient.
Peach profilin: cloning, heterologous expression and cross‐reactivity with Bet v 2
Authors: R. Rodríguez‐Perez, M. Fernández‐Rivas, E. González‐Mancebo, R. Sánchez‐Monge, A. Díaz‐Perales, G. Salcedo
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Peach is among the main foods causing allergic reactions in the Mediterranean adult population. Only a single peach allergen, named Pru p 3, has been characterized. However, a potential role of profilin has also been suggested in grass pollen‐associated allergy to peach. Methods: Complementary DNA clones for two different peach profilin isoforms were obtained by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using non‐degenerated primers. Expression of recombinant peach profilin was performed in Escherichia coli , and confirmed using rabbit polyclonal antibodies to sunflower pollen profilin. Twenty‐nine individual sera from patients with peach allergy proved by double‐blind, placebo‐controlled food challenges (DBPCFC), either with ( n = 15) or without ( n = 14) specific IgE to Bet v 2, were used in immunodetection assays to test recombinant peach profilin reactivity. Results: Each peach profilin cDNA included an open reading frame coding for a 131 amino acid protein. The peach profilin isoforms, designated Pru p 4.01 and Pru p 4.02, showed 80% of amino acid sequence identity, and were very similar (&gt;70% identity) to allergenic profilins from plant foods and pollens. Recombinant Pru p 4.01 was expressed in E. coli as a nonfusion protein, displaying the expected molecular size and reacting with anti‐profilin antibodies. rPru p 4.01 was recognized by all sera (15 of 15) with specific IgE to Bet v 2, whereas no sera (zero of 14) without IgE to this birch allergen reacted with rPru p 4.01. Conclusions: Peach profilin Pru p 4 is very closed to other allergenic profilins from plant foods and pollens. A complete correlation between reactivity to rPru p 4 and rBet v 2 has been found in sera from peach allergic patients.
Genome-wide haplotype association study identifies the SLC22A3-LPAL2-LPA gene cluster as a risk locus for coronary artery disease
Authors: David-Alexandre Trégouët, Inke R König, Jeanette Erdmann, Alexandru Munteanu, Peter S Braund, Alistair S Hall, Anika Großhennig, Patrick Linsel-Nitschke, Claire Perret, Maylis DeSuremain, Thomas Meitinger, Ben J Wright, Michael Preuss, Anthony J Balmforth, Stephen G Ball, Christa Meisinger, Cécile Germain, Alun Evans, Dominique Arveiler, Gérald Luc, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Caroline Morrison, Pim van der Harst, Stefan Schreiber, Katharina Neureuther, Arne Schäfer, Peter Bugert, Nour E El Mokhtari, Jürgen Schrezenmeir, Klaus Stark, Diana Rubin, H-Erich Wichmann, Christian Hengstenberg, Willem Ouwehand, Andreas Ziegler, Laurence Tiret, John R Thompson, Francois Cambien, Heribert Schunkert, Nilesh J Samani
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
PREVENTION OF DIPHTHERIA FROM THE STANDPOINT OF THE HEALTH OFFICER.Read in the Section on State Medicine, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: U. O. B. WINGATE
Journal: JAMA (1894)

In presenting this short paper I do not claim to offer anything original or new, but merely to give the results of my observations and suggest points that may be profitably discussed. <i>Prevalence</i>.—The wide-spread and variable prevalence of diphtheria is of great interest to the health officer. Rural statistics avail us nothing in this country, as a rule, but statistics of death from this-disease in our larger cities are fairly reliable. There is one feature, however, that has not yet generally entered into our statistics that may modify them somewhat, that is, the prevalence of croup and what proportion of cases of so-called membranous croup are cases of diphtheria. The recent researches of Dr. H. M. Biggs, of New York, which show that nearly 80 per cent. of cases of so-called membranous croup were found to be cases of true diphtheria by a bacteriologie examination, are of great importance to
PI3 kinase enhancer–Homer complex couples mGluRI to PI3 kinase, preventing neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Rong Rong, Jee-Yin Ahn, Honglian Huang, Eiichiro Nagata, Daniel Kalman, Judith A Kapp, Jiancheng Tu, Paul F Worley, Solomon H Snyder, Keqiang Ye
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2003)
Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Joseph J. Volpe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

PERIVENTRICULAR-intraventricular hemorrhage is by far the most important variety of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage because it is both a common and a serious lesion. The other major types of hemorrhage — subdural hemorrhage, primary subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intracerebellar hemorrhage — are either rare or benign.1 The enormous importance of periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage is linked in many ways to the advent of modern neonatal intensive care and the consequential marked increase in survival rates for small premature infants. Because periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage is common in such infants, the lesion is the most important neurologic disorder in most neonatal-intensive-care facilities.In the following discussion I . . .
Self-assembly nanomicelles based on cationic mPEG-PLA-b-Polyarginine(R15) triblock copolymer for siRNA delivery
Authors: Zhi-Xia Zhao, Shan-Yun Gao, Jian-Cheng Wang, Cheng-Jun Chen, En-Yu Zhao, Wen-Jie Hou, Qiang Feng, Ling-Yan Gao, Xiao-Yan Liu, Liang-Ren Zhang, Qiang Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Civil War Reenactors Revere, Learn From the Past
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (1996)

AT THE THIRD Annual Convocation of the Society of Civil War Surgeons, held last month in Harper's Ferry, WVa, reenactors and historians met to consider not only what happened during the war but how and why it happened that way. Rather than sail, fly fish, or pursue some more usual avocation, these men and women (not all of them physicians) devote themselves to reenacting as authentically as possible or studying intently the events of those four awful years. James Ellison, for example, assumes the role of a medical officer in the 33rd Virginia Regiment, Stonewall Brigade, to provide some context for the popular image of the Civil War surgeon. "We were bloody surgeons, yes, but forget Hollywood. Think why." He explains: Before every battle, the surgical team would take the smoothest, most solid wooden door they could find off its hinges and lay it across two supports. They might cover
ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF NEOPTERIN IN ACCUMULATED MACROPHAGES AT AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Kazuki Mizutani, Takahiko Naruko, Ryushi Komatsu, Yasuyuki Kato, Toshihiko Shibata, Kenichi Sugioka, Satoko Wada, Yoshiki Matsumura, Masashi Nakagawa, Nobuyuki Shirai, Akira Itoh, Kazuo Haze, Minoru Yoshiyama, Makiko Ueda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)