tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fate of Surviving Low-birth-weight Infants with Coagulation Deficiencies on the First Day of Life
Authors: G. M. Bryant, O. P. Gray, A. J. Fraser, A. Ackerman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Fifty-two surviving low-birth-weight infants who had low Thrombotest (Owren) results on the first day, together with the same number of matched controls with higher Thrombotest results, were examined for the integrity of their central nervous system. Gross abnormalities were found in 13.5% of the low Thrombotest group compared with 1.9% in the higher group. Minor brain damage syndromes were more common in the low Thrombotest group. The combined brain damage syndromes were 23.1% in the low Thrombotest group compared with 3.8% in the higher group.It is suggested that the causes of the brain damage in the low Thrombotest group are either non-fatal cerebral haemorrhage or intravascular fibrin deposition associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Cryoablation Versus Radiofrequency Energy for the Ablation of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia (the CYRANO Study)
Authors: Isabel Deisenhofer, Bernhard Zrenner, Yue-hui Yin, Heinz-Friedrich Pitschner, Malte Kuniss, Georg Großmann, Sascha Stiller, Armin Luik, Christian Veltmann, Julia Frank, Julia Linner, Heidi L. Estner, Andreas Pflaumer, Jinjin Wu, Christian von Bary, Ekrem Ücer, Tilko Reents, Stylianos Tzeis, Stephanie Fichtner, Susanne Kathan, Martin R. Karch, Clemens Jilek, Sonia Ammar, Christof Kolb, Zeng-Chang Liu, Bernhard Haller, Claus Schmitt, Gabriele Hessling
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Cryoablation has emerged as an alternative to radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for the treatment of atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to test whether cryoablation is as effective as RFCA during both short-term and long-term follow-up with a lower risk of permanent AV block.A total of 509 patients underwent slow pathway cryoablation (n=251) or RFCA (n=258). The primary end point was immediate ablation failure, permanent AV block, and AVNRT recurrence during a 6-month follow-up. Secondary end points included procedural parameters, device functionality, and pain perception. Significantly more patients in the cryoablation group than the RFCA group reached the primary end point (12.6% versus 6.3%; P=0.018). Whereas immediate ablation success (96.8% versus 98.4%) and occurrence of permanent AV block (0% versus 0.4%) did not differ, AVNRT recurrence was significantly more frequent in the cryoablation group (9.4% versus 4.4%; P=0.029). In the cryoablation group, procedure duration was longer (138±54 versus 123±48 minutes; P=0.0012) and more device problems occurred (13 versus 2 patients; P=0.033). Pain perception was lower in the cryoablation group (P<0.001).Cryoablation for AVNRT is as effective as RFCA over the short term but is associated with a higher recurrence rate at the 6-month follow-up. The risk of permanent AV block does not differ significantly between cryoablation and RFCA. The potential benefits of cryoenergy relative to ablation safety and pain perception are counterbalanced by longer procedure times, more device problems, and a high recurrence rate.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00196222.
Free Health Care
Authors: MARK W. ZILKOSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Ad Libitum1 December 1987Free Health CareMARK W. ZILKOSKI, M.D.MARK W. ZILKOSKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-6-947_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe sick and the not-so-sick consume my timeAs if time begot more time the moreTime you had; and you had it for them.It was dark on the way to work.The not-so-sick sniffle in with colds:Complaints: they cannot breathe.They wait their time in the waitingRoom: smoking, laughing, and joking.Crushing out their smokes when youCall their name, they no longer smile.It'll be dark on the way home,Late when I face my wife whoEats up her time with the kids: alone.She hates the not-so-sickFor not being sick.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARK W. ZILKOSKI, M.D.Affiliations: Toledo, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1987Volume 107, Issue 6Page: 947-947KeywordsHealth care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Dorsal column stimulation in multiple sclerosis.
Authors: L S Illis, E M Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (1980)

oxidase, for example, accepts many sterols as substrates.1 2 It is, of course, unusual for other sterols to occur in major proportions in plasma: one recalls the early studies of triparanol as a drug which led to reduced levels of cholesterol but caused concomitant accumulation of desmosterol.Such gross changes are rare, but it cannot be assumed that sterols present in quite low concentrations are devoid of effects.Moreover, some dietary sterols besides cholesterol can be absorbed from the digestive tract, and attention has recently been drawn4 to the possibility of deleterious effects resulting from the ingestion of oxygenated sterols present in foods.
Endoscopic Findings Predict the Histologic Diagnosis in Gastrointestinal Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: M. Cruz-Correa, A. Poonawala, S. C. Abraham, T. T. Wu, M. Zahurak, G. Vogelsang, A. N. Kalloo, L. A. Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) of the gastrointestinal tract is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Whether endoscopic findings predict the histologic diagnosis of GvHD in the gastrointestinal tract remains controversial. We performed a study to determine the diagnostic accuracy of macroscopic endoscopy findings in the diagnosis of acute and chronic histologically proven gastrointestinal GvHD (GI-GvHD).Endoscopic images from the intestinal mucosa of post-BMT patients were blindly graded as positive or negative for GI-GvHD and compared with corresponding histological findings, which were used as the gold standard.44 BMT patients were referred for 96 endoscopic evaluations. Using 162 endoscopy-biopsy pairs, a positive association between endoscopic grading and histologic grading of GI-GvHD (odds ratio [OR] = 11.97, 95% CI 3.86, 37.16) was observed. Endoscopic diagnosis correctly predicted histologic diagnosis in both acute and chronic GI-GvHD (OR = 9.3 vs. 23.1, P = 0.31).The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy was high in both acute and chronic histologically proven GI-GvHD. Accurate diagnosis of GI-GvHD might be obtained with mucosal biopsies from either the upper or lower gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopy may play a significant role in establishing early diagnosis and treatment for GI-GvHD in patients following BMT, but histologic evaluation of the gastrointestinal mucosa is needed to confirm the final diagnosis.
Beta human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations in serum of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: K N Syrigos, I Fyssas, M M Konstandoulakis, K J Harrington, S Papadopoulos, N Milingos, P Peveretos, B C Golematis
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background —Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is normally produced and secreted by trophoblastic cells during pregnancy and from gestational trophoblastic neoplasms. It is also detected in ovarian, stomach, and colon adenocarcinomas, as well as in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Recently, interest in its role in the pathogenesis of tumours has been enlivened after the presence of βhCG in the cell membrane of several malignant cells was shown in vitro. Aims —To investigate the circulating concentrations of βhCG in patients with exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to examine its potential prognostic value. Patients —Thirty six patients with exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 12 patients with chronic pancreatitis, and 21 healthy volunteers were studied. Methods —βhCG serum concentrations were detected by the application of a radioimmunoassay technique. Results —Fifteen of 36 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and only one patient with chronic pancreatitis had detectable plasma concentrations of βhCG (p&lt;0.01). The patients with circulating serum titres of βhCG had a worse outcome compared with the group of βhCG negative patients: the difference was statistically significant (p=0.01). Conclusion —More than 40% of pancreatic exocrine tumours produce βhCG and its production is correlated with an adverse effect on outcome.
Compensating for cold war cancers.
Authors: Mark J Parascandola
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Although the Cold War has ended, thousands of workers involved in nuclear weapons production are still living with the adverse health effects of working with radioactive materials, beryllium, and silica. After a series of court battles, the U.S. government passed the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Act in October 2000 to financially assist workers whose health has been compromised by these occupational exposures. Now work is underway to set out guidelines for determining which workers will be compensated. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has been assigned the task of developing a model that can scientifically make these determinations, a heavy task considering the controversies that lie in estimating low-level radiation risks and the inadequate worker exposure records kept at many of the plants.
Hepatic gene expression during treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin: Identifying molecular pathways for treatment response
Authors: Jordan J. Feld, Santosh Nanda, Ying Huang, Weiping Chen, Maggie Cam, Susan N. Pusek, Lisa M. Schweigler, Dickens Theodore, Steven L. Zacks, Jake T. Liang, Michael W. Fried
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The reasons for hepatitis C treatment failure remain unknown but may be related to different host responses to therapy. In this study, we compared hepatic gene expression in patients prior to and during peginterferon and ribavirin therapy. In the on-treatment group, patients received either ribavirin for 72 hours prior to peginterferon alpha-2a injection or peginterferon alpha-2a for 24 hours, prior to biopsy. The patients were grouped into rapid responders (RRs) with a greater than 2-log drop and slow responders (SRs) with a less than 2-log drop in hepatitis C virus RNA by week 4. Pretreatment biopsy specimens were obtained from a matched control group. The pretreatment patients were grouped as RRs or SRs on the basis of the subsequent treatment response. Gene expression profiling was performed with Affymetrix microarray technology. Known interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced in treated patients. In the pretreatment group, future SRs had higher pretreatment ISG expression than RRs. On treatment, RRs and SRs had similar absolute ISG expression, but when it was corrected for the baseline expression with the pretreatment group, RRs showed a greater fold change in ISGs, whereas SRs showed a greater change in interferon (IFN)-inhibitory pathways. The patients pretreated with ribavirin had heightened induction of IFN-related genes and down-regulation of genes involved in IFN inhibition and hepatic stellate cell activation.These data suggest that ISG inducibility is important for the treatment response and that ribavirin may improve outcomes by enhancing hepatic gene responses to peginterferon. Collectively, these mechanisms may provide a molecular basis for the improved efficacy of combination therapy.
Splenic injury after colonoscopy
Authors: C. Petersen, S. Adamsen, P. Gocht-Jensen, R. Arnesen, O. Hart-Hansen
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Splenic injury is a rare and serious complication of colonoscopy. The most likely mechanism is tension on the splenocolic ligament and adhesions. Eight cases were identified among claims for compensation submitted to the Danish Patient Insurance Association during the period 1992-2006, seven of which were reported after 2000. The total number of colonoscopies in Denmark in 2004 was 39 067. Seven of the eight patients were aged 65 years or over. Loops causing difficulties during the colonoscopy had been reported in four patients. All the patients had a symptom-free interval after the colonoscopy, ranging from 4 hours to 7 days, before presenting with signs of splenic injury. In all cases the spleen was torn, and the amount of blood in the peritoneal cavity ranged from 1500 mL to 5000 mL. Two patients died postoperatively. The number of cases reported after 2000 indicates that this potentially lethal complication might be more common than was previously assumed, and it is possibly under-reported. Preventive measures include good colonoscopic technique to avoid loop formation and the use of excessive force; and it is possible that emerging endoscopic technologies will lead to a reduced risk of splenic injury. The information given to patients both before and after the procedure should include information on the signs of this complication, and patients should be also informed that these signs can develop after a symptom-free interval.
Quantification of human lithostathine by high performance liquid chromatography.
Authors: J P Bernard, M Barthet, B Gharib, R Michel, A Lilova, J Sahel, J C Dagorn, M De Reggi
Journal: Gut (1995)

Pancreatic stones of patients with chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) are mostly made up of CaCO3 crystals. Formation and growth of such crystals is inhibited in vitro by lithostathine, a protein present in normal pancreatic juice. Decreased lithostathine activity was therefore suspected in patients with CCP, but comparison by immunoassay of lithostathine concentrations in the pancreatic juices of patients and controls led to conflicting results. This study shows that these discrepancies might have been caused in part by a remarkably high susceptibility of the protein to trypsin like cleavage, resulting in important structural changes and concomitant modifications of the epitopes. A novel lithostathine assay in juice was developed, based on separation of secretory proteins by high performance liquid chromatography. The chromatographic separation of lithostathine was based on hydrophobic interactions at pH 5.0 using a Phenyl-TSK column. This study showed with this assay that lithostathine concentrations (microgram/mg of total protein) were similar in CCP patients with alcoholic aetiology (mean (SD) 6.3 (2.7)) and other aetiologies (7.2 (3.7)), but one third of those estimated in patients without pancreatic disease (16.7 (4.3)). Similar concentrations were found, however, in chronic alcoholic patients without CCP (6.6 (3.3)) and in patients with CCP. It was concluded that decreased lithostathine concentration is associated with CCP, although such a decrease is not sufficient by itself for the disease to occur.
Sunscreens for Chloasma
Authors: Edward M. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Resnik's answer to the treatment for chloasma (<b>208</b>:159, 1969) did not state what type of sunscreen is to be used and why. The Meirowsky phenomenon he mentioned occurs one hour after sun exposure at wave lengths above 3,200 A and only darkens preformed melanin in all the epidermal cells. Almost all stimulation of melanin production occurs between 2,800 and 3,200 A (the sunburn spectrum) and the usual trade sunscreens block out only this range. A total sunscreen, the benzophenone-type derivative, would be needed to prevent tanning and, therefore, darkening of the skin in both ranges, above and below 3,200 A.
DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD GROUP PROPERTIES AND BLOOD GROUP PROPERTY DESTROYING FACTORS IN THE INTESTINAL TRACT OF MAN
Authors: Ernst Witebsky, Erwin Neter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

1. The blood group specific substance A is present in the contents of the jejunum and upper ileum of persons belonging to Group A. 2. A marked decrease in the amount of A substance occurs in the lower ileum and cecum, while colon and rectum contents of adults are more or less free of group substance A. 3. The blood group destroying agent first appears in the lower ileum or cecum and its effectiveness increases in the lower parts of the large intestine. 4. In two cases with intestinal obstruction the blood group destroying agent could be demonstrated in the contents of the jejunum and ileum.
MFG-E8/Lactadherin Promotes Tumor Growth in an Angiogenesis-Dependent Transgenic Mouse Model of Multistage Carcinogenesis
Authors: Melanie Neutzner, Theresa Lopez, Xu Feng, Elke S. Bergmann-Leitner, Wolfgang W. Leitner, Mark C. Udey
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The relevance of angiogenesis in tumor biology and as a therapeutic target is well established. MFG-E8 (also termed lactadherin) and developmental endothelial locus 1 (Del1) constitute a two-gene family of αvβ3/β5 ligands that regulate angiogenesis. After detecting MFG-E8 mRNA in murine tumor cell lines, we sought to determine if MFG-E8 influenced tumorigenesis in Rip1-Tag2 transgenic mice, a cancer model in which angiogenesis is critical. MFG-E8 mRNA and protein were increased in angiogenic islets and tumors in Rip1-Tag2 mice compared with normal pancreas. Frequencies of angiogenic islets and tumor burdens were decreased in MFG-E8–deficient Rip1-Tag2 mice compared with those in control Rip1-Tag2 mice. Invasive carcinomas were modestly underrepresented in MFG-E8–deficient mice, but tumor frequencies and survivals were comparable in these two strains. Absence of MFG-E8 also led to decreases in tumor vascular permeability without obvious changes in vascular morphology. Decreased proliferation was noted in angiogenic islets and increases in apoptotic cells were detected in islets and tumors. Compensatory increases in mRNA encoding proangiogenic proteins, including FGF2, in angiogenic islets, and Del1, in angiogenic islets and tumors, were also detected in MFG-E8–deficient mice. MFG-E8 and its homologue Del1 may represent relevant targets in cancer and other diseases in which angiogenesis is prominent. [Cancer Res 2007;67(14):6777–84]
Clinical Evaluation of a Semipermeable Polymeric Membrane Dressing for the Treatment of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: John D Blackman, Daniel Senseng, Lauretta Quinn, Theodore Mazzone
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of a semipermeable polymeric membrane dressing for the treatment of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Nineteen subjects with either insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and foot ulcers were randomly assigned to the polymeric dressing or conventional wet-to-dry saline dressings. Subjects had foot ulcer site measurements performed every 3 weeks. The subjects using conventional therapy were allowed to cross over to polymeric dressing after 2 months. RESULTS At the end of 2 months, in the patients using the polymeric dressing, ulcer size was reduced to 35 ± 16% of baseline. The patients on conventional therapy had an ulcer size of 105 ± 28% of baseline (P &amp;lt; 0.03, polymeric vs. conventional). Patients initially treated with wet-to-dry saline were crossed over into the polymeric membrane treatment and demonstrated a decrease to 35 ± 11% of baseline size (P &amp;lt; 0.02) after an additional 2 months. CONCLUSIONS The semipermeable polymeric membrane dressing is a useful therapeutic option for treating uncomplicated chronic diabetic foot ulcers.
India will expand number of medical school places after protests
Authors: Ganapati Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The Indian government has announced additional places in medical colleges funded by the central government after widespread protests against its proposal to reserve more places in higher education institutions for students from lower castes.

In April the government set out plans to increase the proportion of college places reserved for students from socially deprived castes from the existing 22.5% to 49.5%, beginning in the 2007 academic …
Leptin Levels and Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Gilberto Paz-Filho
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influence of Physician Specialty on Treatment Recommendations in the Multidisciplinary Management of Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities
Authors: Nabil Wasif, Caitlin A. Smith, Robert M. Tamurian, Scott D. Christensen, Arta M. Monjazeb, Steve R. Martinez, Robert J. Canter
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Although prospective randomized data are available to guide the multidisciplinary management of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the extremities, controversy exists regarding adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy.To determine if clinical specialty introduces bias in recommendations for multimodality treatment of STS.Electronic survey.Database of active members of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, the Society of Surgical Oncology, and the Connective Tissue Oncology Society.Members of specialty oncology societies with an active interest in STS.Physician specialty.Survey responses regarding the multidisciplinary management of STS were scored on a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using analysis of variance.The questionnaire was completed by 320 of 490 potential respondents (65%), including medical (18%), radiation (8%), orthopedic (22%), and surgical oncologists (45%). Respondents concurred on the use of radiation therapy for margins positive for tumor, for high-grade tumors, for improvement in local control, for tumors larger than 10 cm, and for tumors in close proximity to a neurovascular bundle. Respondents diverged on the use of radiation therapy for tumors 5 to 10 cm in size, for low-grade tumors, for radiation-associated STS, and for survival benefit. Only radiation oncologists felt that radiation therapy was underutilized as a treatment modality (mean [SEM] Likert scale score, 2.44 [0.12]; P < .001). There was agreement on the use of chemotherapy for synovial sarcoma, for high-grade tumors, for tumors larger than 10 cm, for patients younger than 50 years of age, and for survival benefit. Medical oncologists were more likely to recommend chemotherapy for margins positive for tumor (mean [SEM] score, 3.12 [0.12]; P = .03) and for improvement in local control (mean [SEM] score, 2.91 [0.12] P = .08). Surgical oncologists placed the least emphasis on chemotherapy in the overall treatment plan (mean [SEM] score, 2.60 [0.07]; P = .001).Specialty bias exists in adjuvant treatment recommendations for STS. This highlights the importance of multidisciplinary STS tumor boards and interdisciplinary care to facilitate consensus decision making for individual patients.