tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-061 The Management Of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding In Paediatric Practice: A National Survey
Authors: P Henderson, R Hansen, RK Russell, P McGrogan
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) haemorrhage is rare in paediatric practice but continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Guidelines for the management of GI bleeding in children exist but their evidence base is limited and their implementation in the UK is unknown. We aimed to determine the provision for paediatric upper GI bleeding in the UK with regard to access to services and management using a national survey. <h3>Methods</h3> In August 2013 an electronic survey containing 20 questions was sent to the 18 RCPCH-approved National GRID paediatric gastroenterology training centres who also act as regional referral centres. The questionnaire was completed online by either the departmental clinical or endoscopy lead and results collated by the study centre. Descriptive statistics were used to present results. <h3>Results</h3> Sixteen centres responded, representing the experience of 65.6 whole-time equivalent (WTE) consultant paediatric gastroenterologists. Half of centres provided out-of-hours cover for GI emergencies in their region, with surgeons providing the majority (69%) of out-of-hours support, often in conjunction with GI specialists (44%), for acute upper GI bleeds. 11/16 centres dealt with &lt;20 endoscopies for upper GI bleeding annually with 3 centres dealing with &gt;40/year. 63% of tertiary centres had a GI haemorrhage protocol available in electronic format (online/shared-drive), but 53% were not aware of a similar protocol in their respective DGHs; only 31% of centres provided 'at-risk' patients with emergency cards/advice. 88% of centres had access to interventional radiology in-hours and 63% out-of-hours. The injection of vasoconstrictors/sclerosants/thrombotic agents and endoclips were available in all but one centre, however only 19% of centres (with between 3–4.6 WTE consultants) stated that all their consultants were competent in managing upper GI bleeds, with the same percentage stating that no consultant was competent in management; very few procedures were carried out by trainees. Only half of centres were undertaking regular case review of paediatric bleeding cases. All respondents were keen to be involved in a detailed review of UK practice. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our national survey of tertiary paediatric GI unit experiences' of acute upper GI bleeding demonstrates that a large proportion of centres do not have protocols in place in their own centre or referring units, with most centres performing fewer than 20 therapeutic endoscopic procedures for upper GI bleeding annually. The majority of centres have a small number of consultants competent in upper GI haemorrhage management with limited opportunities for training. There is also limited development of managed clinical networks that would allow more ready access to expert endoscopy provision. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Measurement of Cardiac Output and Central Volume by a Modified Decholin Test of Circulation Time
Authors: HADLEY L. CONN, DONALD F. HEIMAN, CLAUDE R. JOYNER
Journal: Circulation (1957)

A technic is described for determining mean circulation time, cardiac output, and central blood volume by use of graded dosages of sodium dehydrocholate (Decholin) administered into a peripheral vein. The indicator-dilution curves derived by the technic were compared with radiopotassium-dilution curves obtained simultaneously in 12 patients. The results showed a surprisingly good agreement between the 2 methods and indicate that the traditional Decholin test of circulation time can be modified to provide much more information than it has in the past.
Retinoids increase human apo C-III expression at the transcriptional level via the retinoid X receptor. Contribution to the hypertriglyceridemic action of retinoids.
Authors: N Vu-Dac, P Gervois, I P Torra, J C Fruchart, V Kosykh, T Kooistra, H M Princen, J Dallongeville, B Staels
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Hypertriglyceridemia is a metabolic complication of retinoid therapy. In this study, we analyzed whether retinoids increase the expression of apo C-III, an antagonist of plasma triglyceride catabolism. In men, isotretinoin treatment (80 mg/d; 5 d) resulted in elevated plasma apo C-III, but not apo E concentrations. In human hepatoma HepG2 cells, retinoids increased apo C-III mRNA and protein production. Transient transfection experiments indicated that retinoids increase apo C-III expression at the transcriptional level. This increased apo C-III transcription is mediated by the retinoid X receptor (RXR), since LG1069 (4-[1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,8, 8-pentamethyl-2-naphtalenyl)ethenyl]benzoic acid), a RXR-specific agonist, but not TTNPB ((E)- 4-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8, 8-tetramethyl-2-naphtalenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid), a retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-specific agonist, induced apo C-III mRNA in HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes. Mutagenesis experiments localized the retinoid responsiveness to a cis-element consisting of two imperfect AGGTCA sequences spaced by one oligonucleotide (DR-1), within the previously identified C3P footprint site. Cotransfection assays showed that RXR, but not RAR, activates apo C-III transcription through this element either as a homo- or as a heterodimer with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. Thus, apo C-III is a target gene for retinoids acting via RXR. Increased apo C-III expression may contribute to the hypertriglyceridemia and atherogenic lipoprotein profile observed after retinoid therapy.
Abstract 1978: The poly-SUMO protein specific E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF4 is induced in multiple myeloma and reduces bortezomib-induced cell killing
Authors: James J. Driscoll, Jonathan Gootenberg, Samir Amin, Dheeraj Pelluru, Herve Avet-loiseau, Stephane Minville, Kenneth C. Anderson, Nikhil C. Munshi, Christina M. Annunziata
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a fatal neoplasm of B-cell origin characterized by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. While recent advances in mechanistic understanding and treatment modalities have extended median survival to &amp;gt;6 years and 10% of patients survive &amp;gt;10 years, the vast majority of MM remains incurable with conventional, high dose therapy or stem cell transplantation. Bortezomib is a selective, reversible inhibitor of the 26S proteasome that inhibits protein degradation and is now FDA-approved for the treatment of newly diagnosed, relapsed and refractory MM. Though the catabolism of ubiquitinated substrates has been targeted therapeutically with significantly improved prognosis, patient response to bortezomib remains highly variable and cannot be predicted accurately. E3 ligases confer specificity on target selection for Ub+proteasome degradation. We therefore analyzed the expression of individual E3's using a microarray dataset obtained from MM patient tumor samples and found a striking variability in the expression level of individual E3 ligases between normal plasma cells and patients MM cells. RNF4, an E3 specific for poly-sumoylated proteins, was induced in MM patients and correlated with decreased patient response to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. Expression profiling of pretreatment tumor samples obtained from MM patients in independent clinical trials were used to generate a signature that correlated expression of SUMO+Ub+Proteasome pathway components with clinical outcome to predict patient response to bortezomib. Experimental validation by overexpression of RNF4-wt rendered myeloma cell lines relatively resistant to bortezomib while RNF4 depletion by shRNA enhanced sensitivity to bortezomib. Transfection of HA-tagged SUMO followed by bortezomib exposure led to the accumulation of HA-SUMO∼conjugates that were immunoreactive with Ub and proteasome components to further link the pathways. In summary, RNF4 an E3 ligase specific for SUMO-conjugates and induced in myeloma, modulates the cellular response to proteasome-based therapy and promotes bortezomib resistance. Our results support regulators of the sumoylation pathway as biomarkers to predict clinical response to bortezomib and provide evidence for targeting SUMO pathway to improve therapeutic outcome in myeloma in general and bortezomib specifically. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1978.
The quality of resonance of the first heart sound after myocardial infarction: clinical significance.
Authors: W F Renner, G W Renner
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Frequency analyses of the first heart sound (S1) were performed in 80 normal subjects and 80 postinfarction patients. A readily recognizable frequency pattern characterized by a quality of resonance greater than or equal to 2, as measured by the Q factor at 3 db down, was noted in 78 of the 80 apparently normal subjects. An aberrant pattern with a Q less than 2, often accompanied by a lowering of the frequency content, was found in 78 of 80 postinfarction patients. We propose that the quality of resonance of S1 is a measure of the degree to which the structural homogeneity of the left ventricle as a compliant contractile unit has been preserved after myocardial infarction.
From the authors
Authors: S. Kuroishi, Y. Nakamura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

High-resolution computed tomography in Mycobacterium avium complex disease: one step forward, two steps back To the Editors:We read with interest the article by KUROISHI et al. [1], in which the group pleasantly documented the prognostic implications of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings in Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease.KUROISHI et al. [1], found that the presence of atelectasis, cavities, pleural thickening or bronchiectasis on a computed tomography (CT) scan indicated poor prognosis and concluded that CT findings are good predictors of the response to treatment in MAC disease patients.However, there are a few practical issues regarding the topic that need to be addressed.
Portrait of Madame Cézanne
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CARBONATE OF TITANIUM.
Authors: A. B. LYONS
Journal: JAMA (1884)

and skill : The sharp crack of a broken crank, the dull thud of a shattered connecting rod-in short, any of those obscure noises which signalize the ap¬ proaching disability of a great machine, and any of those accidents which interfere with smooth running, may often, if readily discovered, save largely both of lives and property.A veteran engineer says that two years ago a slight difference in the aggregate quality of the tones which came to his ear caused him to stop his train and look over the engine."I found the trouble," said he, "to be due to the loosening nuts of two cylinder heads, which had been put in place without the usual precautions to prevent their working off.Had they done so, I would have carried in a crippled train,
FMN-coated fluorescent iron oxide nanoparticles for RCP-mediated targeting and labeling of metabolically active cancer and endothelial cells
Authors: Jabadurai Jayapaul, Michael Hodenius, Susanne Arns, Wiltrud Lederle, Twan Lammers, Peter Comba, Fabian Kiessling, Jessica Gaetjens
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
S21 Culture Independent Identification Of Bacterial Communities In The Respiratory Tract Of Patients With Copd, Healthy Non-smokers And Healthy Smokers
Authors: G. Einarsson, A. Walker, M. Tunney, J. Elborn
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and aims</h3> The role bacteria play in the development and progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is unclear. We used culture-independent methods to describe differences and/or similarities in microbial communities in the lower airways of patients with COPD, healthy non-smokers and smokers. <h3>Methods</h3> Bronchial wash samples were collected from patients with COPD (GOLD 1–3; n = 18), healthy non-smokers (HV; n = 11) and healthy smokers (HS; n = 8). Samples were processed using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The Shannon-Wiener Index (SW) of diversity, lung obstruction (FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio) and ordination by Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity indices were analysed to evaluate how samples were related. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to assess the effect specific taxa had within each cohort. Characteristics of each cohort are shown in Table 1. <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference in taxa richness between cohorts (range: 69–71; p = 0.954). Diversity (SW Index) was significantly lower in COPD samples compared to samples from HV and HS (p = 0.009 and p = 0.033, respectively). There was no significant difference between HV and HS (p = 0.186). The FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio was significantly lower for COPD compared to HV (p = 9*10<sup>–8</sup>) and HS (p = 2*10<sup>–6</sup>), respectively. NMDS analysis showed that communities belonging to either of the healthy groups were more similar to each other than they were to samples belonging to the COPD group. PCA analysis showed that members of <i>Streptococcus</i> sp. and <i>Haemophilus</i> sp. had the largest effect on the variance explained in COPD. In HS, <i>Haemophilus</i> sp., <i>Fusobaterium</i> sp., <i>Actinomyces</i> sp., <i>Prevotella</i> sp. and <i>Veillonella</i> sp. had the largest effect on the variance explained, while in HV <i>Neisseria</i> sp., <i>Porphyromonas</i> sp., <i>Actinomyces</i> sp., <i>Atopobium</i> sp., <i>Prevotella</i> and <i>Veillonella</i> sp. had the largest effect on the variance explained. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study demonstrates that microbial communities in the lower airways of patients with COPD are significantly different from that seen in healthy comparison groups. Patients with COPD had lower microbial diversity than either of the healthy comparison groups, higher relative abundance of members of <i>Streptococcus</i> sp. and lower relative abundance of a number of key anaerobes.
Abstract 1143: Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human gastric cancer cell lines induced by Tipα of H. pylori mediated through surface nucleolin
Authors: Hirota Fujiki, Tatsuro Watanabe, Atsushi Takahashi, Kaori Suzuki, Miki Kurusu-Kanno, Kensei Yamaguchi, Masami Suganuma
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract (a) Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-inducing protein (Tipα) of H. pylori acts as a carcinogenic factor in the gastric epithelium: it binds to surface nucleolin on human and mouse gastric cancer cell lines, resulting in cancer progression. We studied various phenotypes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to examine the function of surface nucleolin in gastric cancer cell line. (b) Experimental procedures : 1) Induction of cell migration and elongation: After human gastric cancer cell line MKN-1 was transfected with nucleolin-targeted siRNAs (siRNA-n), cell migration and elongation induced by Tipα were determined using Transwell assay and cell morphology. 2) Formation of filopodia in MKN-1 cells was determined by staining filamentous actin with AF488-phalloidin. 3) Phosphorylation of 89 cancer-related proteins was determined using Cancer Signaling Phosphoantibody Array. 4) Expression of EMT markers was examined with Western blotting. 5) Cell stiffness was determined from Young's modulus using atomic force microscope (AFM). (c) A summary of the new data: 1) The transfected cells with siRNA-n showed a reduced amount of surface nucleolin in membrane fraction, but not in cytosol or nuclear fractions. Knockdown of nucleolin inhibited cell migration and elongation induced by Tipα. 2) Tipα induced the formation of filopodia in MKN-1 cells, which suggests the invasive morphological changes. 3) Tipα enhanced the phosphorylation of 11 cancer-related proteins in serine, threonine and tyrosine residues, indicating activation of MEK-ERK signal cascade. 4) Tipα induced the expression of vimentin, a significant marker of EMT, even though down-regulation of E-cadherin was not found in MKN-1 cells. 5) Tipα reduced the Young's modulus of MKN-1 cells as determined by AFM: The results showed that lower cell stiffness and increased cell motility were induced by Tipα. (d) Conclusions: This is the first report that Tipα is a new inducer of EMT in human gastric cancer cells, and that EMT was induced through the binding of Tipα to surface nucleolin. Citation Format: Hirota Fujiki, Tatsuro Watanabe, Atsushi Takahashi, Kaori Suzuki, Miki Kurusu-Kanno, Kensei Yamaguchi, Masami Suganuma. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human gastric cancer cell lines induced by Tipα of H. pylori mediated through surface nucleolin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1143. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1143
TEMPORAL TRENDS IN ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY OF SMOKERS VERSUS NON-SMOKERS HOSPITALIZED WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN A REAL WORLD SETTING DECADE-LONG OUTCOMES FROM THE ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME ISRAELI SURVEY (ACSIS) 2000-2010
Authors: Yaron Arbel, Shlomi Matetzky, Natalie Gavrielov-Yusim, Gad Keren, Arie Roth, Eran Kopel, Ariel Finkelstein, Shmuel Banai, Robert Klempfner, Ilan Goldenberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Dear Dr. Davis
Authors: Q. C. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1883)

campaign-selected without ref¬ erence to any medical skill or qualification whatever, otherwise they would have been excluded as of a more worthy following.True, pension examiners receive their certificates of appointment from the Commissioner of Pensions, but the Commissioner now has no discretion in the matter, being the subsidized and humiliated servantof political bosses, known as Congressman, else the charger waits
Bone marrow aplasia associated with metronidazole.
Authors: C M White, J J Price, K M Hunt
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The Samson infant resuscitator2 may be preferable, since although high transitory pressures may be achieved the smaller reservoir does not allow maintenance of this high pressure.The question is what to recommend for the relatively inezperienced person and there is a need for existing apparatus to be critically appraised.
Shri Ram Purwar
Authors: R Purwar
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Orpington, Kent (b 1929; q Lucknow Medical College 1952), died from renal failure on 20 September 2003. ​




Figure 1




Shri was raised in Allahabad, which was then the crucible of the Indian independence movement, and was active in nationalist politics as a teenager. He was even imprisoned briefly and shared a cell with L B Shastri, who was later to become prime minister. Soon after he qualified, Shri came to the United Kingdom. He intended to become a surgeon but, in 1962, when the FRCS he had sought so diligently continued to elude him, he retrained as a general practitioner. In 1966 he was appointed to a singlehanded vacancy in Orpington, where he remained for more than 35 years. He leaves a wife, Valerie; three sons; and five grandsons.
Roles of acid/base nature and molecular weight in drug release from matrices of gelfoam and monoisopropyl ester of poly(vinyl methyl ether–maleic anhydride)
Authors: Kaisa Mari Hämäläinen, Elsi Määttä, Hilkka Piirainen, None Marianne Sarkola, Anne Väisänen, Veli-Pekka Ranta, Arto Urtti
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1998)
hsa-miR-210 Is Induced by Hypoxia and Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Breast Cancer
Authors: Carme Camps, Francesca M. Buffa, Stefano Colella, John Moore, Christos Sotiriou, Helen Sheldon, Adrian L. Harris, Jonathan M. Gleadle, Jiannis Ragoussis
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: MicroRNA (miRNA) expression alterations have been described in cancer. Many cancers are characterized by areas of hypoxia, enhanced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) levels, and increased expression of hypoxically regulated genes, all of which correlate with patient outcome. We examined hypoxia-induced miRNA expression changes to identify markers of survival in breast cancer. Experimental Design: We used microarrays to analyze miRNA expression changes induced by hypoxia in MCF7 breast cancer cell lines and validated results by quantitative-PCR (Q-PCR). Small interfering RNA against HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and RCC4 cells transfected with the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein were used to investigate HIF dependency of miRNA expression. miRNA Q-PCR assays were done on 219 early breast cancer samples with long-term follow-up. Correlation of expression with clinical variables was done using Pearson and Spearman's rank tests, univariate, and Cox multivariate analysis. Results: hsa-miR-210 induction was the most significant change under hypoxia by microarray analysis (3.4-fold, P &amp;lt; 0.001). hsa-miR-210 expression changes were validated by Q-PCR and detected in other cancer cell lines. Using small interfering RNAs and RCC4 cells transfected with VHL, we showed that the regulation by hypoxia of hsa-miR-210 was mediated by the HIF-1α/VHL transcriptional system but not HIF-2α. hsa-miR-210 expression levels in breast cancer samples correlated directly with a hypoxia score based on the expression of 99 genes. hsa-miR-210 expression levels showed an inverse correlation with disease-free and overall survival, significant in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusions: We show that hsa-miR-210 overexpression is induced by hypoxia in a HIF-1α– and VHL-dependent fashion and its expression levels in breast cancer samples are an independent prognostic factor.
SURGERY ON THE HIGH SEAS
Authors: A. E. Crabbe, L. R. Broster
Journal: BMJ (1922)

THz BflTna _-f2,192MzDicLJouBmAs 7_7 backwards until it reaches the posterior wall of the nasopharynx, and withdrawn after being left there for a few seconds.The other side is swabbed in the same way.4. Without the slightest delay each swab is carefully rubbed on a warm blood-agar plate, which is placed in the incubator.
The Use of lndium-111-Labeled Leukocytes for Abscess Detection
Authors: PAUL W. DOHERTY, JERROLD T. BUSHBERG, MARTIN J. LIPTON, CLAUDE F. MEARES, DAVID A. GOODWIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

A case is reported in which a labeled white cell scan was helpful in the diagnosis of a periappendiceal abscess. The method of labeling is described and the usefulness of the technique discussed.
Systemic Antihypertensive Medication and Incident Open-angle Glaucoma
Authors: Rogier P.H.M. Müskens, Simone de Voogd, Roger C.W. Wolfs, Jacqueline C.M. Witteman, Albert Hofman, Paulus T.V.M. de Jong, Bruno H.C. Stricker, Nomdo M. Jansonius
Journal: Ophthalmology (2007)