tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Depletable resources: Necessary, in need of fair treatment, and multi-functional
Authors: Nigel Harvey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract I make three points. First, processors and depletable resources should not be regarded as alternative means of processing information: they are both necessary. Second, comparing a processor account with a rational allocation mechanism to a depletable-resources account without one is not a fair comparison. Third, depletable resources can act as signals as well as fuels.
Type 2 diabetes and acute myocardial infarction. Angiographic findings and results of an invasive therapeutic approach in type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic patients.
Authors: B Waldecker, W Waas, W Haberbosch, R Voss, M K Steen-Müller, A Hiddessen, R Bretzel, H Tillmanns
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Mortality in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) is high. The significance of the pretreatment coronary status in type 2 diabetic patients with acute MI, as well as the effect of mechanical revascularization using percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), has not been established. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: All patients with type 2 diabetes and acute MI (n = 54) were prospectively enrolled into a study of immediate coronary angiography to guide PTCA of the occluded infarct vessel. Hospital and long-term course were assessed and compared with an unselected control group of nondiabetic patients (n = 358) who were enrolled in the same study. RESULTS: Angiography showed that sites of occlusion and acute coronary flow were similar in both groups. Multivessel disease and shock were more common in type 2 diabetic versus nondiabetic patients: 69 vs. 51% and 21 vs. 10% (P &amp;lt; 0.02), respectively. Direct PTCA was successful in &amp;gt; 90% in both groups. Mortality after 30 days was 13% in type 2 diabetic patients versus 5% in patients without diabetes (P &amp;lt; 0.04). Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction before discharge was lower in diabetic patients (48 +/- 17 vs. 55 +/- 15%, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Mortality 1 year after discharge was 11 vs. 4% in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients (P &amp;lt; 0.02). Multivariate analysis identified type 2 diabetes as an independent risk factor for acute, but not for late, mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Direct PTCA is safe and effective in type 2 diabetic patients with acute MI. Mortality after 30 days in unselected diabetic patients is &amp;lt; 15% with this approach. Advanced disease and shock contribute to an increased mortality in type 2 diabetic patients with acute MI versus nondiabetic patients.
Feeling Up to Par: Medicine From Tee to Green
Authors: Michael B. Mayor
Journal: JAMA (1995)

This is an unusual little volume. In its aims to guide, inform, and entertain both the medical professional and the impaired golfer, it risks satisfying neither. However, the editors and the contributors they have chosen, two dozen in all, succeed admirably. They avoid the Scylla of oversimplification and the Charybdis of arcane language.  The scope of the book is laudable, and the depth of coverage in each chapter commendable. Back Pain: Diagnosis and Treatment, for instance, would stand on its own in any general medical treatise.  We are titillated in the beginning by behind-the-scenes descriptions of the maladies afflicting some of our favorite golf personalities. I shared what follows, a discussion of the basic elements of playing the game, including the psychological aspects, with a partner of mine who is a true devotee and an accomplished golfer. He responded with enthusiasm, even suggesting that he gleaned some real pearls from
Cardiac fibrosis occurs early and involves endothelin and AT-1 receptors in hypertension due to endogenous angiotensin II
Authors: Teresa M Seccia, Anna S Belloni, Reinhold Kreutz, Martin Paul, Gastone G Nussdorfer, Achille C Pessina, Gian Paolo Rossi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Proceedings: DNA-binding in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P G Rochmis, H Palefsky, H Roth, M Becker, N J Zvaifler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1974)

These I have not analysed and therefore cannot tell you whether they are significantly different, but the second trial suggests that it is reproducible.DR.P. H. N. WOOD (Manchester) I am very dubious of the power of statistics to answer that particular problem.Reproducibility, for instance, is a function of one patient; you can establish reproducibility only by the fact that it is individually reproducible in individual patients and I do not think your method is revealing this at the moment.
Britain poised to extend storage of frozen embryos
Authors: A. Boulton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The maximum length of time for storing human embryos for use in treatment with in vitro fertilisation is to be increased from five years to 10 years if new recommendations by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) are accepted by Britain's parliament early this year. Whatever the storage period, it will not be extended after the woman reaches the age of 55.

Since 1 August 1991 any clinician wishing to offer in vitro fertilisation to couples experiencing difficulty conceiving has been obliged to obtain a licence from the HFEA. All research involving the creation or use of human embryos, infertility treatments involving use of in …
A capture-sequencing strategy identifies IRF8, EBF1, and APRIL as novel IGH fusion partners in B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Hakim Bouamar, Saman Abbas, An-Ping Lin, Long Wang, Daifeng Jiang, Kenneth N. Holder, Marsha C. Kinney, Scott Hunicke-Smith, Ricardo C. T. Aguiar
Journal: Blood (2013)
Reaction of rheumatoid factors with IgG3 monoclonal anti-Rh(D) antibodies: more frequent reactivity to a monoclonal antibody of the Gm allotype G3m(5) in rheumatoid patients negative for G3m(5).
Authors: A H Puttick, E A Williamson, A H Merry, B M Kumpel, K M Thompson, V E Jones
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Human monoclonal anti-Rh(D) antibodies of known IgG isotype and Gm allotype were bound to erythrocytes and then used as the target IgG antigens for rheumatoid factors (RFs) in a direct haemagglutination test. When serum samples from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were tested for RF specificity towards these IgG monoclonal anti-D antibodies the incidence and titre of reactivity towards an IgG3 monoclonal anti-D antibody was considerably greater than for a polyclonal anti-D antibody of the same Gm allotype, G3m(5). This difference was not explained by the amount of each anti-D antibody which bound to erythrocytes. Furthermore, when patients with RA were divided into groups according to their Gm phenotype, sera from a greater proportion of patients negative for the phenotype G3m(5) reacted to the G3m(5) monoclonal anti-D antibodies than sera from those patients positive for this allotype. Analysis of RF reactivities towards two IgG3 and three IgG1 monoclonal anti-D antibodies, each with different Gm allotypic epitopes, indicated, however, that individual serum samples contained RFs with a spectrum of specificities; some sera appeared to react to a single set of Gm alleles, whereas others also reacted to isotypic or iso-allotypic epitopes, or both. Our data suggest that RFs with specificity for Gm allotypes do not arise in patients who carry that particular allotype owing to tolerance induced in fetal-neonatal life. Conversely, RFs with apparent specificity for a Gm allotype formed in patients negative for that allotype may be reacting to a closely related but different epitope. Final proof requires precise specificities for each RF formed, and IgG3 monoclonal anti-D antibodies would be useful reagents for this purpose.
Comparison of Peroral and Percutaneous Cholangioscopy
Authors: K. Yasuda, M. Nakajima, E. Cho, H. Mukai, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

The clinical applications of peroral and percutaneous cholangioscopies are discussed, and the indications, advantages, disadvantages and therapeutic results compared. Peroral cholangioscopy (PCS) performed between January 1986 and April 1989 with the most advanced mother and baby 'scope system was compared with percutaneous cholangioscopic procedures such as PTCS, POCS and PTCCS done in the same period. PCS was done to remove common bile duct stones using electrohydraulic lithotripsy and to diagnose bile duct tumors with effective biopsy studies. Removal of intrahepatic bile duct stones was successfully performed with percutaneous cholangioscopy compared with the PCS procedure. For direct visualization of common bile duct tumors, PCS was the preferred approach for tumors located in the middle CBD to the liver hilus. On the other hand, percutaneous approaches had a good indication for the lesions in the distal CBD. Thus, the best approach for each lesion should be selected for effective diagnosis and treatment.
OBSERVATIONS ON GUMMA OF THE HYPOPHYSIS; AND PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE URETER.
Authors: LUDVIG HEKTOEN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>GUMMA OF THE HYPOPHYSIS.</h3> In hereditary syphilis, the hypophysis may be enlarged and indurated, due to connective tissue proliferation.<sup>1</sup>In acquired syphilis, gumma of the hypophysis has been described by Troisier,<sup>2</sup>Weigert,<sup>3</sup>Barbacci,<sup>4</sup>Birch-Hirschfeld<sup>5</sup>and Sokoloff.<sup>6</sup>In these cases there can not be much doubt concerning the truth of the diagnosis. In Troisier's case the origin of the gumma is referred to the capsule of the hypophysis. Boyce and Beadles<sup>7</sup>detail a case of granulomatous infiltration of the hypophysis which they regard as tuberculous, but without having shown tubercle bacilli to be present. The same uncertainty of diagnosis is attached to Wagner's<sup>8</sup>case of "tubercle of the pituitary," which he observed in a girl aged 13 years, without tuberculosis elsewhere. The following case of gumma of the hypophysis consequently merits report on account of the rarity of the lesion: Woman, age
Myxedema
Authors: HENRY B. GOTTEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 June 1932MyxedemaA Case Report*HENRY B. GOTTEN, M.D.HENRY B. GOTTEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-5-12-1492 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClassical myxedema is seldom seen. The case reported herein is interesting in that it presents practically all the characteristics of an extreme hypothyroidism.Mrs. W. D. H., aged thirty, came to the clinic on November 17, 1930, complaining of exhaustion, lack of energy, and weakness, and stating that these symptoms had persisted since the birth of her last child, seven years earlier. She had spent a part or all of each day in bed for a number of years. During that time she had gained about thirty pounds in weight. Menstruation was irregular; the periods appeared every six to eight...References1 CHANEY WC: Tendon reflexes in myxedema: a valuable aid in diagnosis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1924, lxxxii, 2013-2016. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 CHRISTIAN HA: Diagnosis and treatment of heart disease, Oxford Monograph, iii, Oxford University Press, New York, 279. Google Scholar3 DAVIS JC: Myxedema heart with report of one case, ANN. INT. MED., 1931, iv, 733-741. LinkGoogle Scholar4 FAHR G: Myxedema heart, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1925, lxxxiv, 345-349. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5 FAHR G: Myxedema heart, Am. Heart Jr., 1927, iii, 14-30. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6 MACæENZIE GM: Anemia in hypothyroidism, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1926, lxxxvi, 462-464. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7 STONE CT: The occurrence of anemia in myxedema, ANN. INT. MED., 1928, ii, 215-221. Google Scholar8 ZONDEK H: Das Myxödemherz, München, med. Wchnschr., 1918, lxv, 1180-1182. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Memphis, Tennessee*Received for publication, September 12, 1931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNeurologic Manifestations of MyxedemaThe nervous and mental manifestations of myxcedema 1 June 1932Volume 5, Issue 12Page: 1492-1496KeywordsBirthHypothyroidism Issue Published: 1 June 1932 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Value of Koumiss in the Treatment of Nausea, Vomiting, and Inability to Retain Other Food on the Stomach
Authors: V. Jagielski
Journal: BMJ (1877)

monly called cases of endometritis.But the endometritis results from the irritation of retained products.It cease'when the canal of exit is made patent by dilatation or straightening of the canal.A further result, in many cases, is hypertrophy of the body of the uterus ; the result, as Dr. John Williams has remarked, of increased muscular action of the uterus.Another symptom is Menorrhzagia.In most instances, when not due to cancer, fibroid tumour, etc., menorrhagia is due to uterine flexions.First retention, then expansion, then increase of area of uterine cavity, then increased quantity of blood-clots, now and then from causing great pain without expulsion.Sometimes the clots break down: hence various subsequent leucorrhoea.Attention was directed to pouch formed by the flexed enlarged uterus, from which, in the upright posi- tion of the body, the fluid cannot readily escape.The flexed constricted uterine canal opposes also this escape.The fluid escapes in gushes.Thus dysmenorrhoea, leucorrhoea, and menorrhagia are, in very many cases, associated with flexions; and the effect, in such cases of treat- ment of the flexion element, is of itself sufficient proof of the correct- ness of the relationship indicated between the distortions and symptoms in question.
Magnetic retraction in natural-orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES): addressing the problem of traction and countertraction
Authors: M. Ryou, C. Thompson
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de M. Ryou et al., pp. 143Endoscopy 2009; 41(02): 253-253DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306735
Head and Neck Cancer with an Occult Primary Tumor
Authors: Charlotte D. Jacobs, Harlan A. Pinto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

IN this issue of the Journal, Feinmesser et al.1 report on the use of fine-needle aspiration or open biopsy followed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect viral genomes of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in cervical lymph nodes containing nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The EBV genome was not present in positive nodes from patients with various other head and neck cancers, in benign cervical nodes, or in normal tonsils. The authors conclude that the presence of the EBV genome in metastatic squamous-cell carcinoma from an occult primary tumor is predictive of naso-pharyngeal carcinoma.Among patients over 40 years of age . . .
Nearing Negotiations — Reconciling Key Differences between House and Senate Reform Measures
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

With Republicans unanimously opposed to the Democrats' health care reform, the challenge of melding the House and Senate reform bills has fallen to House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-NV). To broker a deal by the end of January on the most expansive health care legislation in a generation, Democrats must reach agreement on some contentious issues and keep the total cost under the administration's limit of $900 billion over a decade. Among the key issues are how to pay for the measure, balancing the cost of premium subsidies with making coverage affordable, and coverage . . .
Eradication of bone marrow minimal residual disease may prompt early treatment discontinuation in CLL
Authors: Paolo Strati, Michael J. Keating, Susan M. O'Brien, Jan Burger, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Nitin Jain, Francesco Paolo Tambaro, Zeev Estrov, Jeffrey Jorgensen, Pramoda Challagundla, Stefan H. Faderl, William G. Wierda
Journal: Blood (2014)
Discoloration of Stools From Beets
Authors: Elmer C. Paulson
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  Each August I encounter several cases of what might be termed late-summer pseudomelena. Obvious as the cause is, I am surprised that many patients and even physicians are unfamiliar with it.  I refer to the brilliant purple-red coloration of stools that occurs a day or two after eating beets.  When the thoroughly alarmed patient recounts his observation of the bloody bowel movement that stained the entire toilet bowl, it is so simple to ask, Have you eaten beets lately?
High Court quashes suspension of GP who was alleged to have been involved in a "cash for crash" scam
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The High Court has quashed a decision by the UK General Medical Council to suspend a GP from practice pending a full hearing on misconduct charges, ruling that it was “neither necessary, desirable or proportionate.”

Judge Mark Gosnell’s judgment in the case of Abdul Rashid, which was delivered in September but has just become available, came less than a month before a High Court ruling in another case that the interim suspension of a hospital consultant was “heavy-handed and disproportionate.”1

The decisions raise concerns about the readiness of interim order panels to suspend doctors in advance of disciplinary hearings, depriving them of their right to practise and their livelihood …
Impending Hemorrhagic Shock and the Course of Events following Administration of Dibenamine
Authors: HAROLD C. WIGGERS, HAROLD GOLDBERG, FRANK ROEMHILD, RAYMOND C. INGRAHAM
Journal: Circulation (1950)

By blocking sympathogenic vasoconstrictor mechanisms with dibenamine, a dog's tolerance to severe hemorrhagic hypotension states is definitely improved. New evidence is presented that partial release from vasoconstriction achieved by, giving small doses of dibenamine during the impending shock state seems to provide animals with even greater tolerance to this standardized form of stress. Although the use of dibenamine clinically for this purpose seems contraindicated, the dangers of at administering vasoconstrictor drugs to patients in impending shock are emphasized.
Signal Transduction Using Nitric Oxide and Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate
Authors: Ferid Murad
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Understanding of the formation and biological actions of nitric oxide (NO) has grown extensively during the past 2 decades. Through our discoveries of the biological effects of NO and nitrovasodilators on cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and our discoveries of the biochemical mechanisms of NO and regulation of NO synthase in numerous cell types and tissues, the complexity of the signal transduction cascade and the extensive function-regulating interactions of the NO molecule have been increasingly demonstrated. Although the diverse roles of this unique molecule continue to unfold, NO can be recognized as an intracellular second messenger, a local substance for regulation of neighboring cells, a neurotransmitter in central and peripheral neurons, and perhaps a hormone that can act at distant sites and has been shown to have beneficial or deleterious biological effects, depending on its concentration, the system, and the cellular environment.
SPECT-CT Images of an Ocular Coralline Hydroxyapatite Implant Visible on Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: Aude Domange-Testard, Dimitri Papathanassiou, Benoît Menéroux, Jérôme Amans, Jean-Claude Liehn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

A 57-year-old man underwent enucleation of the left eye for a choroidal melanoma, and a coralline hydroxyapatite ocular implant was inserted. Because of the development of hepatic lesions approximately 2 years later, bone scintigraphy was performed to detect bone metastases. The patient reported a 10-day yellow–green discharge from the left eye. Tc-99m HMDP bone scintigraphy (whole-body and lateral planar images) showed left orbital tracer accumulation. The recent hybrid SPECT-CT modality allowed confirming the localization of tracer accumulation. There was focal accumulation at the site of the implant without any sign of a local malignant lesion or orbital infection.
Cardiac reporter gene imaging using the human sodium/iodide symporter gene
Authors: M MIYAGAWA, M BEYER, B WAGNER, M ANTON, C SPITZWEG, B GANSBACHER, M SCHWAIGER, F BENGEL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2004)

Objective: Imaging of reporter gene expression holds promise for noninvasive monitoring of cardiovascular molecular therapy. We investigated the feasibility of myocardial gene expression imaging in living rats using the human sodium/iodide symporter gene (hNIS) and widely available scintigraphic techniques.
The second to fourth digit ratio, sociosexuality, and offspring sex ratio
Authors: Bernhard Fink, John T. Manning, Nick Neave
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Previous research has suggested that offspring sex ratio may be influenced by the actions of prenatal sex steroids, principally androgens. The relative length of the second (index finger) to the fourth digit (ring finger) has been reported to be a proxy to prenatal testosterone levels. This trait is sexually dimorphic, such that males display a significantly lower 2D:4D ratio (indicating higher testosterone exposure), and this dimorphism appears robust across different populations. We suggest that digit ratio (2D:4D) may form a useful marker to help explain variation in sex ratio and sociosexuality.
Bicarbonate, Acid, and Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Mark Feldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Duodenal ulcer is the most common form of ulcer disease. Gastric acid is necessary for the formation of duodenal ulcers ("no acid, no ulcer"), and in some patients (those with acid hypersecretion), acid itself may be sufficient to induce the ulcer. It has been known for several decades, however, that most patients with a duodenal ulcer secrete normal amounts of gastric acid and pepsin. Although it is possible that a brief period of acid hypersecretion preceded ulcer formation in these patients, such a transient hypersecretory phenomenon would be difficult to study and document. Most experts believe that, barring this mechanism, . . .
A LESSON CONFIRMED
Authors: J. Zorab
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The Lesson of the Week “Cocaine and adrenaline paste: a fatal combination” calls to mind my own experience of this combination of drugs being used intranasally.1 In the early 1970s the neurosurgeon with whom I worked, the late Mr Huw Griffith, adopted the transnasal approach for hypophysectomy. Immediately …
Maternal and fetal screening for antenatal care.
Authors: M J Bull
Journal: BMJ (1990)

compensate for the stress of living in a poor environ- ment; and recreational facilities are not as accessible for people with no transport or who have small children."These factors might need to be modified first if the promotion of healthier lifestyles is to be successful.The new contract requires general practitioners to provide checks every three years for patients aged 16- 74 years.It is thus of some concern that our findings reinforce those ofother studies suggesting that unselec- tive health checks might be an inefficient use of valuable resources and might promote further inequali- ties in health.Despite their simplicity and economic attractiveness health checks may have only a limited part to play in any comprehensive plan for health promotion as they cater primarily for the fitter and better motivated members of the public.The global strategy required to combat ischaemic heart disease must incorporate political will, in the form of public education and strong price and advertising controls to reduce the consumption of saturated fats and tobacco, as well as enthusiasm, organisation, and vigilance by primary health care teams.The medical profession should not be cajoled into accepting complete res- ponsibility for health promotion and the prevention of ischaemic heart disease, so absolving the government of its obligations.