tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transmural triglycerides in acute myocardial ischaemia
Authors: G. J. JESMOK, D. C. WARLTIER, G. J. GROSS, H. F. HARDMAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

Journal Article Transmural triglycerides in acute myocardial ischaemia Get access GARY J. JESMOK, GARY J. JESMOK 1 From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. 1Address lor reprints: Dr. Gary J. Jesmok, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 West Waterburn Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID C. WARLTIER, DAVID C. WARLTIER From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GARRETT J. GROSS, GARRETT J. GROSS From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HAROLD F. HARDMAN HAROLD F. HARDMAN From the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 12, Issue 11, November 1978, Pages 659–665, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/12.11.659 Published: 01 November 1978
Primary Medical Care — Its Attractiveness to Physicians Should Be Improved
Authors: Glen E. Garrison
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Medical care in the United States consumes a large percentage of our nation's economic resources, but the medical needs of our nation are not met efficiently or economically. Excess of certain types of medical services leads to wasteful utilization —for example, unnecessary hospitalizations. Many hospitalizations are for diagnostic studies that could be performed less expensively on an ambulatory basis or for surgical procedures of doubtful justification — an example of the latter being the large number of tonsillectomies. If we immediately discharged all hospitalized patients whose condition would not deteriorate because they did not sleep in the hospital tonight, the . . .
Preventive Effects of Lapatinib, a Combined EGFR 1 and EGFR 2 Inhibitor, on Methylnitrosourea-Induced ER+ and MMTV-Neu/P53 KO ER- Mammary Cancers.
Authors: R. Lubet, A. Bode, M. Juliana, V. Steele, C. Grubbs
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Lapatinib is a small molecule TK inhibitor that blocks both EGFR 1 and EGFR 2 (Neu) in the nanomolar range. While the potential usefulness of this agent in Neu over-expressing tumors appears obvious, its potential efficacy in ER+ tumors that do not over-express Neu seems more problematic. The efficacy of lapatinib was tested in two animal models of mammary cancer; the MNU induced rat model that has ER+ mammary cancers and the MMTV-Neu/P53 KO transgenic mouse model that has Neu over-expressing ER- cancers. In the ER+ mammary model, the carcinogen (75 mg/kg BW) was administered to female Sprague-Dawley rats at 50 days of age via the jugular vein. These animals subsequently developed multiple well-differentiated mammary adenocarcinomas. Lapatinib treatment (75 or 25 mg/kg BW/day), 7x/week by gavage, was initiated five days after the carcinogen and continued until the end of the study (148 days post MNU). The high and low doses of lapatinib reduced mammary cancer multiplicity by 81% and 31%, respectively. Lapatinib at the higher dose was also an effective therapeutic agent in this model. In the MMTV-Neu/P53 KO model (over-expressed Neu under control of MMTV and heterozygous KO of P53), it was observed that lapatinib administered at a dose of 75 mg/Kg BW/day beginning when an animal was 8 weeks of age reduced cancer multiplicity by 60 %. When the short term effects of lapatinib was examined in both models, it was found that levels of phosphorylated EGFR 1 and 2, ERK and AKT, as well as the proliferation index (Ki 67), were reduced in the cancers in both models. The potential use of an agent such as lapatinib in preventing ER+ tumors is of particular interest since tamoxifen and to a lesser degree aromatase inhibitors are relatively ineffective in the prevention of ER+ tumors which over- express Neu. Supported by NCI contract HHSN261200433001C. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1043.
Mutilating Lawn Mower Injuries in Children
Authors: Paul M. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Serious injuries from riding power mowers were sustained by 18 children. Eleven children were passangers on the mower and fell into its path. The injuries required an extensive number of hospitalizations and reconstructive procedures. Fifteen patients suffered considerable residual deformities. Operating riding power mowers in the vicinity of children must be actively discouraged.
Fall-Induced Injuries and Deaths Among Older Adults
Authors: Pekka Kannus
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextAlthough various fall-induced injuries and deaths among older adults are increasing, little is known about the epidemiology of these events.ObjectiveTo determine the trends in the number and incidence of fall-induced injuries and deaths of older adults in a well-defined white population.Design and SettingSecular trend analysis of the population of Finland, using the Finnish National Hospital Discharge Register and the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland.ParticipantsAll persons aged 50 years or older who were admitted to hospitals in Finland for primary treatment of a first fall-induced injury from the years of 1970 to 1995, and for comparison, all fall-induced deaths in the same age group from the years 1971 to 1995.Main Outcome MeasureThe number and the age-specific and age-adjusted incidence rate (per 100,000 persons) of fall-induced injuries and deaths in each year of the study.ResultsFor the study period, both the total and population-adjusted number (per 100,000 persons) of Finns aged 50 years or older with fall-induced injury increased substantially. Total fall-induced injuries increased from 5622 in 1970 to 21,574 in 1995, a 284% increase, and the rate increased from 494 to 1398 per 100,000 persons, a 183% increase. The age-adjusted incidence also increased in both women (from 648 in 1970 to 1469 in 1995, a 127% increase) and men (from 434 in 1970 to 972 in 1995, a 124% increase). Moreover, the number of deaths due to falls in the overall population increased from 441 in 1971 to 793 in 1995, an 80% increase, and the rate increased from 38 in 1971 to 51 in 1995, a 34% increase. However, after age adjustment the incidence of fall-induced death did not show a clear upward trend.ConclusionsIn a well-defined white population, the number of older persons with fall-induced injuries is increasing at a rate that cannot be explained simply by demographic changes. Preventive measures should be adopted to control the increasing burden of these injuries. Fortunately, the age-adjusted incidence of the fall-induced deaths shows no increasing trend over time.
RIP1/RIP3 Binding to HSV-1 ICP6 Initiates Necroptosis to Restrict Virus Propagation in Mice
Authors: Zhe Huang, Su-Qin Wu, Yaoji Liang, Xiaojuan Zhou, Wanze Chen, Lisheng Li, Jianfeng Wu, Qiuyu Zhuang, Chang’an Chen, Jingxian Li, Chuan-Qi Zhong, Weixiang Xia, Rongbin Zhou, Chunfu Zheng, Jiahuai Han
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
Sustainable Healthcare: Getting more from less
Authors: K. Patrick
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Increases in greenhouse gas emissions and their potential adverse effects on human health are often discussed in the BMJ . Although health is affected by climate change, the healthcare sector contributes massively to greenhouse gas emissions. In 2009 a report in JAMA estimated that nearly one tenth of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States were generated by the healthcare sector (doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1610). Although this figure may be higher than the global average, it shows the magnitude of the carbon footprint of an industry that is both necessary and likely to increase in scale globally as population sizes increase and services improve. Healthcare needs to become more sustainable.

This year the BMJ Group’s Sustainable Healthcare award will recognise an organisation that has gone beyond its core business of providing healthcare and has committed to and achieved greater sustainability. Three entries have been shortlisted for the award, which is sponsored by the Climate and Health Council.

Over the past two years Sandwell Primary Care Trust in the West Midlands has implemented several policies that are in line with the NHS Sustainable …
Psychosocial Factors and Prognosis in Established Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Redford B. Williams
Journal: JAMA (1993)

The report by Frasure-Smith et al<sup>1</sup>in the current issue ofThe Journal, showing a fivefold higher mortality rate among depressed myocardial infarction survivors, should signal, we believe, a turning point in how we think about the role of psychosocial factors in the prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). The new findings indicate that rather than conducting additional studies to document yet again the adverse effects of psychosocial factors on prognosis, it is now time to develop and evaluate interventions aimed at ameliorating the harmful effects of these risk factors. A considerable body of evidence already clearly documents a strong adverse impact of social isolation on prognosis in CHD patients, independently of the severity of the underlying cardiac disease.<sup>2-4</sup>Several other studies, most using retrospective designs and self-report measures of depression, have also found increased cardiac event rates in CHD patients who are depressed. In their current report
Call for Papers for 2014 Theme Issue of JAMA Pediatrics
Authors: Dimitri Christakis, Frederick P. Rivara
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
EXPERIMENTS ON THE RÔLE OF LYMPHOID TISSUE IN THE RESISTANCE TO EXPERIMENTAL TUBERCULOSIS IN MICE
Authors: Herbert D. Taylor, James B. Murphy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

Mice so x-rayed as greatly to reduce the lymphoid tissue are rendered highly susceptible to tuberculous infection. On the other hand) when a marked lymphocytosis is induced by first immunizing mice against, and then inoculating them with cancer, the resistance to tuberculous infection is greatly enhanced. This heightened resistance may be set aside and even changed to a state of increased susceptibility to the infection by again depleting the lymphocytes by means of the x-ray.
Treatment of Lateral Curvature of the Spine
Authors: J. Tisdall
Journal: BMJ (1888)

Neonatal brain injury renders the developing brain vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading to cognitive deficit. However, oxidative stress-induced damage to hippocampal circuits and the mechanisms underlying long-term changes in memory and learning are poorly understood. We used high oxygen tension or hyperoxia (HO) in neonatal mice of both sexes to investigate the role of oxidative stress in hippocampal damage. Perinatal HO induces reactive oxygen species and cell death, together with reduced interneuron maturation, inhibitory postsynaptic currents, and dentate progenitor proliferation. Postinjury interneuron stimulation surprisingly improved inhibitory activity and memory tasks, indicating reversibility. With decreased hippocampal levels of Wnt signaling components and somatostatin, HO aberrantly activated glycogen synthase kinase 3 β activity. Pharmacological inhibition or ablation of interneuron glycogen synthase kinase 3 β during HO challenge restored progenitor cell proliferation, interneuron development, inhibitory/excitatory balance, as well as hippocampal-dependent behavior. Biochemical targeting of interneuron function may benefit learning deficits caused by oxidative damage. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Premature infants are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress, as their antioxidant defenses are underdeveloped. Indeed, high oxygen tension is associated with poor neurologic outcomes. Because of its sustained postnatal development and role in learning and memory, the hippocampus is especially vulnerable to oxidative damage in premature infants. However, the role of oxidative stress in the developing hippocampus has yet to be explored. With ever-rising rates of neonatal brain injury and no universally viable approach to maximize functional recovery, a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying neonatal brain injury is needed. Addressing this need, this study uses perinatal hyperoxia to study cognitive deficits, pathophysiology, and molecular mechanisms of oxidative damage in the developing hippocampus.
OP0139 Targeting IL-6 by Both Passive or Active Immunization Strategies Prevents Inflammation-Driven Skin Fibrosis
Authors: J. Avouac, L. Desallais, M. Fréchet, M. Elhai, J.F. Zagury, Y. Allanore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in inflammatory and autoimmune processes. Preliminary data have suggested that IL-6 might contribute to systemic sclerosis (SSc). <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to compare the efficacy of both passive and active immunization against IL6 to reduce skin fibrosis in complementary mouse models of scleroderma. <h3>Methods</h3> We first evaluated the monoclonal IL-6R antibody MR16-1 in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis, reflecting early and inflammatory stages of SSc. Six-week-old DBA/2 mice received in parallel subcutaneous injections bleomycin (0,5 mg/ml) and intraperitoneal (ip.) injection of MR16-1 or control antibody at a dose of 2 mg at day 0 followed by one ip. injection of 1 mg at day 7 and 14. Then, we assessed the merit of MR-16 in the tight skin (Tsk-1) mice, an inflammation-independent mouse model of skin fibrosis. Tsk-1 mice received a first ip. injection of 2 mg of MR16-1 or control antibody at the age of 5 weeks followed by one ip. injection of 1 mg once a week for 5 weeks. Thereafter, because of the drawbacks of anti-cytokine monoclonal antibodies, we developed an innovative strategy using active immunization against a small peptide derived from murine IL-6, which was performed in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis. <h3>Results</h3> Passive immunization with MR16-1 exerted antifibrotic effects in the mouse model of bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis: dermal thickness, hydroxyproline content and myofibroblast counts were reduced by 25±4% (<i>P</i>=0.02), 30±6% (<i>P</i>=0.007) and 45±7% (<i>P</i>=0.005) respectively, compared to mice receiving control antibody. MR16-1 demonstrated no efficacy in Tsk-1 mice. Mice immunized against the mIS200 peptide derived from murine IL-6 exhibited in the bleomycin mouse model similar antifibrotic effects as passive immunization. We observed a significant reduction of dermal thickness by 20±3% (<i>P</i>=0.02), hydroxyproline content by 25±4% (<i>P</i>=0.005) and myofibroblast counts by 41±9% (<i>P</i>=0.01), compared to the group immunized against the carrier protein alone. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We demonstrated that passive and active immunization targeting IL-6 had similar antifibrotic properties in a mouse model of inflammation-driven dermal fibrosis. Translation to human disease is now required, and targeting early and inflammatory stages of SSc sounds the most appropriate. This strategy is currently under investigation in a phase-3 clinical trial assessing the efficacy of tocilizumab to improve skin involvement in patients with early diffuse SSc. Our results also highlight the relevance of active immunotherapy that might be an avenue for IL6 axis in immunotherapy in a near future. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3478
Smoking and Risk of Cryptococcosis in Patients With AIDS
Authors: P. E. Olson, K. C. Earhart, R. J. Rossetti, J. A. Newton, M. R. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Disseminated<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>infection (DCI) is the most common invasive fungal disease and the third most common central nervous system disorder in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.<sup>1</sup>In the United States, as many as 40% of patients with CD4<sup>+</sup>cell counts less than 0.10×10<sup>9</sup>/L may be receiving primary antifungal prophylaxis. Because acquisition of infection is by the aerosol route, we questioned the possible association of cryptococcal disease with smoking. As part of the standard HIV evaluation at the Naval Medical Center, San Diego, Calif, patient smoking history is documented routinely. We retrospectively reviewed records of HIV-infected individuals who had CD4<sup>+</sup>lymphocyte counts less than 0.10×10<sup>9</sup>
A Hemodynamic Study of Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Florence Parent, Dora Bachir, Jocelyn Inamo, François Lionnet, Françoise Driss, Gylna Loko, Anoosha Habibi, Soumiya Bennani, Laurent Savale, Serge Adnot, Bernard Maitre, Azzedine Yaïci, Leila Hajji, Dermot S. O'Callaghan, Pierre Clerson, Robert Girot, Frederic Galacteros, Gerald Simonneau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The prevalence and characteristics of pulmonary hypertension in adults with sickle cell disease have not been clearly established.In this prospective study, we evaluated 398 outpatients with sickle cell disease (mean age, 34 years) at referral centers in France. All patients underwent Doppler echocardiography, with measurement of tricuspid-valve regurgitant jet velocity. Right heart catheterization was performed in 96 patients in whom pulmonary hypertension was suspected on the basis of a tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity of at least 2.5 m per second. Pulmonary hypertension was defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of at least 25 mm Hg.The prevalence of a tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity of at least 2.5 m per second was 27%. In contrast, the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension as confirmed on catheterization was 6%. The positive predictive value of echocardiography for the detection of pulmonary hypertension was 25%. Among the 24 patients with confirmed pulmonary hypertension, the pulmonary-capillary wedge pressure was 15 mm Hg or less (indicating precapillary pulmonary hypertension) in 11 patients. Patients with confirmed pulmonary hypertension were older and had poorer functional capacity and higher levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide than other patients. In contrast, patients who had a tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity of at least 2.5 m per second without pulmonary hypertension and patients with a tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity of less than 2.5 m per second had similar clinical characteristics.In this study of adults with sickle cell disease, the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension as confirmed on right heart catheterization was 6%. Echocardiographic evaluation alone had a low positive predictive value for pulmonary hypertension. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00434902.).
A Prospective Study of the Intake of Vitamins C, E, and A and the Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: David J. Hunter, JoAnn E. Manson, Graham A. Colditz, Meir J. Stampfer, Bernard Rosner, Charles H. Hennekens, Frank E. Speizer, Walter C. Willett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Although it has been hypothesized that large intakes of the antioxidant vitamins C, E, and A reduce the risk of breast cancer, few prospective data are available.
β-Lapachone Reduces Endotoxin-induced Macrophage Activation and Lung Edema and Mortality
Authors: Huei-Ping Tzeng, Feng-Ming Ho, Kuo-Fang Chao, Min-Liang Kuo, Shoei-Yn Lin-Shiau, Shing-Hwa Liu
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

β-Lapachone, a 1,2-naphthoquinone, is a novel chemotherapeutic agent. It has been shown to be capable of suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and function in rat alveolar macrophages. The authors further performed experiments to examine the molecular mechanism of β-lapachone on LPS-induced responses in rat alveolar macrophages and to evaluate its in vivo antiinflammatory effect. A significant increase in nitrite production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression was elicited in macrophages treated with LPS that was inhibited by coincubation with β-lapachone. β-Lapachone could also inhibit the production of tumor necrosis factor-α induced by LPS. LPS induces protein tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear factor-κB binding activity by gel mobility shift assay in macrophages. These events were significantly inhibited by β-lapachone. Furthermore, β-lapachone in vivo protected against the induction of lung edema, lung-inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression and nuclear factor-κB activation, lethality, and increased plasma nitrite and serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels induced by LPS. These results indicate that β-lapachone suppresses inducible nitric oxide synthase induction and tumor necrosis factor-α production mediated by the inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and nuclear factor-κB activation caused by LPS. This results in a beneficial effect in an animal model of sepsis.
REMOVAL OF ADHESIVE BANDAGE
Authors: Harper F. Zoller
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Medicated tape or adhesive bandage can readily and painlessly be removed from the patient by moistening the bandage with a little pure ethyl acetate held in absorbent cotton, by sopping lightly over the entire surface of the bandage or tape. In a few seconds the adhesive surface is killed and the bandage can be pulled free from the skin or hairy surface without the least "pull" to the patient. The ethyl acetate possesses a rather penetrating odor, but, because of its high vapor pressure, it evaporates entirely in a few minutes, leaving neither odor nor ill effect. When the adhesive tape or bandage covers areas or surface which may become infected, a few drops of tincture of iodin or a few crystals of pure iodin may be added to the ethyl acetate (the latter is an excellent solvent for iodin) for purposes of disinfection. The solution may then be used
A New Contraindication for Obesity Surgery
Authors: Marc A. Pomerantz
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since 1978, I have performed 160 gastric restriction procedures for weight loss at Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center in Chicago. Patients ranged in age from 12 to 62 years. All were more than 90% above their ideal weight, and those who were less than 100% above the ideal had significant weight-influenced diseases such as diabetes or arthritis. Nine patients had reversal of a jejunoileal bypass done at the same time as the gastric procedure. During this time, six patients required reversal of their gastric operations (one had her original surgery elsewhere). Reversal was done for intractable vomiting and was followed by significant weight regain. All patients who had a takedown of the surgery had at least one rehospitalization and numerous office visits. Investigation of these patients during numerous encounters with them led to an awareness that all had a complete upper dental prosthesis with a hard plastic portion