tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Walking Reduces Blood Pressure
Authors: Mahendr S. Kochar, Susan Ristow, Bridget Sharpe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 September 1991Walking Reduces Blood PressureMahendr S. Kochar, MD, Susan Ristow, MS, Bridget Sharpe, MSMahendr S. Kochar, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Susan Ristow, MSSearch for more papers by this author, Bridget Sharpe, MSSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-6-498_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Many studies have shown that regular physical activity improves cardiovascular health. Blood pressure falls (1, 2), and the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level (3) rises with exercise. However, it has not been determined what type and how much exercise is most beneficial for blood pressure reduction.We offered a 7-week walking program to the employees of the Milwaukee Veterans Affairs Medical Center to determine if unsupervised exercise would reduce blood pressure. Employees were asked to walk in an attempt to reach a predetermined mileage goal in the 7-week time frame. Walking was done either at home or...References1. Blackburn H. Physical activity and hypertension. J Clin Hypertens. 1986;2:154-62. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SealHagberg DJ. The effect of exercise training on human hypertension: a review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989;16:208-15. Google Scholar3. CookLaporteWashburnTravenSlemendaMetz TRRNCK. Chronic low level physical activity as a determinant of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and subfractions. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1986;18:653-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI 53295 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1991Volume 115, Issue 6Page: 498-499KeywordsBlood pressureCholesterolExerciseFallsHigh density lipoproteinWalking Issue Published: 15 September 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pneumococcal vaccine. Efficacy and associated cost savings
Authors: C. B. Gable
Journal: JAMA (1990)

We evaluated the efficacy and cost savings of the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine in a retrospective cohort study of 762 vaccinated and 1161 randomly selected unvaccinated age-sex matched persons in Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Minnesota using medical and pharmaceutical claims. The pneumonia incidence and the ratio of incidence in the postvaccination to prevaccination periods (rate ratio) were examined in the vaccine group by sex and risk factors. Vaccination significantly reduced pneumonia incidence, with overall efficacy of 69% and higher efficacy in women (86%) than in men (33%). We assigned persons to risk categories based on disease conditions as recorded in the claims by the ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) diagnostic codes. In the risk categories, efficacy varied from 50% to 75% and was confounded by sex. Immunocompromised and immunocompetent women had high efficacy (83% to 88%), while immunocompetent and immunocompromised men had lower efficacy (33%). Persons with a precondition of pneumonia exhibited similar vaccine efficacy to the overall cohort relative to the comparison group. Projected costs of pneumonia cases are 3.6 times the observed costs of vaccination and postvaccination pneumonia costs. We conclude that the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine is efficacious in persons having had pneumonia, persons "at risk" of developing pneumonia, or persons over 50 years of age, and it corresponds to overall savings of $141 per person.
Patient Delay before Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: I. C. Gilchrist
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Fifty patients in hospital with a definite recent myocardial infarction were interviewed, particular attention being paid to the delay before medical attention was sought. No evidence was found to associate delay with age, sex, or social class. The delay was longer outside normal working hours, and in some patients this seemed to be due to inhibition from disturbing their general practitioner. It is suggested that doctors should ensure that patients at high risk of sustaining a myocardial infarction should not be inhibited from seeking attention quickly if the need arises.
OLD UNREDUCED DISLOCATIONS.
Authors: DE FOREST WILLARD
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The term, old unreduced dislocations, is here used to cover cases where the joint surfaces remain luxated for a month or more after the accident. The delay in effecting reduction may have been due either to non-recognition of the condition or to the failure of the original manipulative replacement efforts. The designation "irreducible" is a misnomer, since a joint incapable of reduction by one method may be reducible by another procedure. <h3>DIAGNOSIS.</h3> The chief element in the prevention of this condition lies in immediate diagnosis at a time when reduction is easy; old dislocations exist because of faulty diagnosis. With ordinary anatomic and surgical knowledge, with anesthesia and the Rö2ntgen ray, primary diagnosis is usually a simple matter. Whenever uncertainty exists in regard to an injury near a joint, anesthesia should be the rule, since without its employment the pain and swelling often render accurate diagnosis impossible. Diagnosis once
ACUTE HEMODYNAMIC OUTCOME AND CLINICAL IMPACT OF PERCUTANEOUS EDGE-TO-EDGE MITRAL VALVE REPAIR USING THE MITRACLIP SYSTEM IN A REAL WORLD SETTING
Authors: Hasema Lesevic, Jürgen Pache, Steffen Maßberg, Fabian Michalk, Petra Barthel, Gabriele Demetz, Albert Schömig, Jörg Hausleiter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Antibiotics in pandemic flu
Authors: Marc J M Bonten, Jan M Prins
Journal: BMJ (2006)

balance between the commercial interest and patients needs.While the strategy document does speak of encouraging innovation in a range of research areas including public health, primary care, social care policy, and health systems, how are these to be secured when the strategy is so focused on industry?And what will become of drug research that is of no commercial interest to the pharmaceutical industry, 4 such as highly successful public trials of aspirin for cardiovascular disease and magnesium sulphate for eclampsia? 5In the words of the House of Commons health select committee, "as the industry funds most of the research, it has a major effect on what gets researched, how it gets researched and how results are interpreted." 6urthermore, the scientific and ethical integrity of research done by clinicians and scientists and the public interest must be safeguarded.Yet the biased selection and under-reporting of industry based research and the failure to disclose relating competing interests are well documented. 7astly, it is not clear where this new strategy will leave researchers, clinicians, patients, and taxpayers.Who will own the intellectual property generated by this radical reorientation of funding for research?Above all, how far will the curiosity, rigour, and clinical concern that have driven much medical research in the United Kingdom survive these measures?
FDA is criticised for licensing high dose donepezil
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A watchdog body has described the US Food and Drug Administration’s approval of a new dose of a drug to treat Alzheimer’s disease as “inexcusable,” saying that the single study used to win approval failed to show that the dose was safe or effective.

Public Citizen, a non-profit, public interest consumer organisation that is based in Washington, DC, filed a petition on 18 May with the FDA calling for it to withdraw the new 23 mg pill of donepezil (marketed in the United States as Aricept). The organisation also suggested that profits, not science, might be behind the approval.

The FDA approved the higher dose of the drug, which is normally given in 5-10 mg doses, even …
The amino-terminal domain of the CCR2 chemokine receptor acts as coreceptor for HIV-1 infection.
Authors: J M Frade, M Llorente, M Mellado, J Alcamí, J C Gutiérrez-Ramos, A Zaballos, G Real, C Martínez-A
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The chemokines are a homologous serum protein family characterized by their ability to induce activation of integrin adhesion molecules and leukocyte migration. Chemokines interact with their receptors, which are composed of a single-chain, seven-helix, membrane-spanning protein coupled to G proteins. Two CC chemokine receptors, CCR3 and CCR5, as well as the CXCR4 chemokine receptor, have been shown necessary for infection by several HIV-1 virus isolates. We studied the effect of the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and of a panel of MCP-1 receptor (CCR2)-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) on the suppression of HIV-1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We have compelling evidence that MCP-1 has potent HIV-1 suppressive activity when HIV-1-infected peripheral blood lymphocytes are used as target cells. Furthermore, mAb specific for the MCP-1R CCR2 which recognize the third extracellular CCR2 domain inhibit all MCP-1 activity and also block MCP-1 suppressive activity. Finally, a set of mAb specific for the CCR2 amino-terminal domain, one of which mimics MCP-1 activity, has a potent suppressive effect on HIV-1 replication in M- and T-tropic HIV-1 viral isolates. We conjecture a role for CCR2 as a coreceptor for HIV-1 infection and map the HIV-1 binding site to the amino-terminal part of this receptor. This concurs with results showing that the CCR5 amino terminus is relevant in HIV-1 infection, although chimeric fusion of various extracellular domains shows that other domains are also implicated. We discuss the importance of CCR2 structure relative to its coreceptor role and the role of anti-CCR2 receptor antibodies in the prevention of HIV-1 infection.
773 HIGHER RIBAVIRIN DOSES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A BETTER RVR IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON IN COMBINATION WITH RIBAVIRIN FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: R. Bruno, M. Puoti, G. Verucchi, I. Caramma, P. Sacchi, M. Bongiovanni, L. Minoli, C. Iannacone, G. Pastore, G. Carosi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
An Experimental Study of the Wounding Mechanism of High-velocity Missiles
Authors: A. N. Black, B. D. Burns, S. Zuckerman
Journal: BMJ (1941)

[he fact that' the amount of tissue destruction caused by small high-velocity bomb splinters may be out of all pro portion to their size has been recognized for some time, and was the subject of correspondence in this Journal (1940, July 13 and 27). More 6bvious explanations of the disproportion between size of wound and size of missile for example, that it is due to the irregular shape of the splinters and to their rotary movement (Wilson, 1940) appear inadequate to explain the phenomenon, and it was therefore suggested (Zuckerman, 1940) that a more reason able interpretation lies along the lines suggested by Cranz and Becker (1921) in their analysis of the effects of high velocity missiles in soft media. If the physical explanations of Cranz and Becker are applicable to splinter wounds in flesh it would appear that the destructive effect of a small splinter is due to the motion imparted to the soft medium through which it passes, as a result of which the tissue is moved away violently from the track of the missile, an effect being produced similar to that of an internal explosion. Observation also shows that splinters have little rotary effect in those media in which their effect has been studied It has been found, too, that non-spinning projectiles fired from a .mooth bore have an explosive effect in media such as mud (Cranz and Becker). It is thus improbable that the damage which occurs in the neighbourhood of the actual track of a splinter would be seriously altered by any peculiarities of shape or by any rotation. On the other hand, shape and rotation could undoubtedly have an effect on the track itself. The experiments described in this paper have been de signed to test this interpretation.
Radio-guided excision of parathyroid lesions in patients who had previous neck surgeries: A safe and easy technique for re-operative parathyroid surgery
Authors: Serkan Sarı, Yeşim Erbil, Feyzullah Ersöz, Aydemir Olmez, Artür Salmaslıoğlu, Işık Adalet, Nese Colak, Selçuk Özarmağan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2011)
Efficacy of famciclovir in the treatment of oral hairy leukoplakia
Authors: L. Pastore, M. De Benedittis, M. Petruzzi, J.R. Fiore, R. Serpico
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Efficacy of famciclovir in the treatment of oral hairy leukoplakia Get access L. Pastore, L. Pastore Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy E‐mail: lpastore@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. De Benedittis, M. De Benedittis Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy E‐mail: lpastore@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Petruzzi, M. Petruzzi Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy E‐mail: lpastore@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.R. Fiore, J.R. Fiore Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy E‐mail: lpastore@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Serpico R. Serpico Department of Odontostomatology and Surgery, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy E‐mail: lpastore@yahoo.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 2, 1 February 2006, Pages 378–379, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.07038.x Published: 01 February 2006
There is no cure
Authors: Shane Neilson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PNEUMONIA IN ILLINOIS 1938-1941
Authors: RENO ROSI
Journal: JAMA (1942)

The use of highly refined antipneumococcus serum and the sulfonamide compounds has revolutionized the treatment of pneumonia. As most clinical reports have shown, these advances in treatment have occasioned a material reduction in the pneumonia fatality rate. Much of this remarkable achievement is the result of well organized pneumonia control programs conducted by public health agencies. Yet relatively few reports emanating from these agencies have appeared in the literature.  Our purpose in this paper is not only to present the results of the Illinois Pneumonia Control Program but also to encourage physicians in the use of such facilities, where they exist, to a greater degree. Although year by year a higher percentage of pneumonia patients have come under the Illinois Control Program, less than 50 per cent are now obtaining the services available.  Table 1 exhibits the history of pneumonia in Illinois during the last five years. In 1937, the
Fetal Hemoglobin in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Leena K Koskinen, Jorma T Lahtela, Timo A Koivula
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of elevated fetal hemoglobin (HbF) among the diabetic population and determine the clinical situation of importance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. HbA1c. and HbF were measured with high-performance liquid chromatogra-phy in 1,104 consecutive diabetic patients attending our clinic for HbA1c determination. The expression of clinical correlations between the high and low HbF group was performed for adults (≥15 years). A nondiabetic control group (n = 258) with the same age and sex distribution was included. RESULTS HbF was elevated (&amp;gt;1.0% of total hemoglobin) in 7.5% of the total diabetic group. In the adult diabetic group, HbF was elevated in 6.5% of the patients, and in the control group, HbF was elevated in 1.9% (P &amp;lt; 0.01). In the insulin-treated adult group, HbF was elevated in 10.2% of the patients, and in the non-insulin-treated group, HbF was elevated in 3.8%. The mean HbA1c was 8.90 ± 2.00% among the patients and 5.52 ± 0.53% in the control subjects (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Patients with elevated HbF were younger (P &amp;lt; 0.02) and more often on insulin therapy (P &amp;lt; 0.001) or type I diabetic patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Sex, glycemic control, or duration of diabetes were not significantly different in the patients with high or low HbF. Correlation was not detected between the amount of HbF and HbA1c or age in the group of patients with elevated HbF. Hemoglobinopathies, anemias, or malignancies were not diagnosed from the patients with high HbF. CONCLUSIONS Level of HbF is increased (&amp;gt;1.0%) among 7.5% of unselected diabetic patients. In adult (≥15 years) diabetic patients, it is increased among 6.5%, which is 3.4 times more often than in the control population. Acute hematological conditions or malignancies do not explain the difference. Elevated HbF seems to be associated with type I diabetes and insulin treatment.
Cytokine modulation of atopic dermatitis filaggrin skin expression
Authors: Michael D. Howell, Byung Eui Kim, Peisong Gao, Audrey V. Grant, Mark Boguniewicz, Anna DeBenedetto, Lynda Schneider, Lisa A. Beck, Kathleen C. Barnes, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
SSRI Use Common in Children
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Old, frail people are marginalised in Japan
Authors: S. Iliffe
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors should work towards elimination of all firearms and knivesEditor-With the publication of the Cullen report into the shooting of several children at a school in Scotland 1 and the cross party support in parliament to increase the controls on handguns, the moment is ripe for the medical profession to pursue a new health campaign.Over the past three or four decades the profession has had some success in raising public awareness of the risks of cigarette smoking and through that, probably, in saving lives.The reduction of the suicide rate is an objective of the Health of the Nation for England, yet suicide rates are still rising among young men. 2 Homicide is a major political issue.Weapons, especially firearms and knives, contribute to both these forms of premature death.Elimination of all firearms and knives that are surplus to domestic and industrial requirements would not solve either problem entirely, but it would make an important contribution.We believe that the profession, through the BMA and one or two royal colleges (particularly the Royal College of Psychiatrists), could develop policies about weapons control.The prime minister has already indicated that he would introduce controls on knives if a workable definition for the surplus ones was drawn up.
Acyclovir Therapy for Genital Herpes: Enthusiasm and Caution in Equal Doses
Authors: William L. Whittington
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Since biblical times, healers have sought an adequate therapy for genital herpes—albeit unsuccessfully.<sup>1</sup>During the last decade, however, research efforts have escalated, fueled in part by three interrelated phenomena: (1) the growing number of herpes sufferers demanding care from their physicians<sup>2</sup>; (2) increasing knowledge about the basic science of both the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and antiviral pharmacology<sup>3</sup>; and (3) the spiraling interest of government agencies and pharmaceutical companies as the public health implications and the potential market of those afflicted with herpes became clear. We now may be on the horizon of having a meaningful treatment for genital herpes—yet, at the same time, we must proceed cautiously. The antiviral agent acyclovir offers a genuine ray of hope to patients with herpes—both as an effective treatment and as potential prophylaxis. The report by Reichman and colleagues<sup>4</sup>in this issue ofThe Journal