tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
5-Fluorouracil–Based Chemotherapy Enhances the Antitumor Activity of a Thymidylate Synthase–Directed Polyepitopic Peptide Vaccine
Authors: Pierpaolo Correale, Maria Teresa Del Vecchio, Giuseppa Di Genova, Gianni Gori Savellini, Marco La Placa, Chiara Terrosi, Marzio Vestri, Renato Urso, Francois Lemonnier, Angelo Aquino, Enzo Bonmassar, Giorgio Giorgi, Guido Francini, Maria Grazia Cusi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2005)

Thymidylate synthase (TS), a key enzyme in DNA synthesis, is often overexpressed in cancer cells. Some chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), act by inhibiting TS expression. We evaluated whether a novel 28-amino acid multiepitope peptide, TS/PP, that contains the sequences of three TS-derived epitopes with binding motifs for HLA-A(*)02.01 could induce a TS-directed cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response with antitumor activity.TS/PP peptide immunologic activity in CTL lines derived from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A(*)02.01+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was tested in the presence of interleukin-2 and autologous TS/PP peptide-loaded dendritic cells. Immunologic and antitumor activities of TS/PP and its toxicity were also evaluated in vivo in HLA-A(*)02.01 transgenic (HHD) mice that were vaccinated with TS/PP, control, or TS-peptide cocktail and treated with or without 5-FU chemotherapy. The mice were also inoculated subcutaneously with TS-expressing EL-4/HHD lymphoma cells to assess immune response against these tumor cells.TS/PP-specific CTL lines showed a TS-multiepitopic specificity and were able to kill TS+/HLA-A(*)02.01+ breast and colon carcinoma cells. The killing ability against target cells previously exposed to sublethal doses of 5-FU was statistically significantly greater than against untreated target cells (43.5% versus 26.5% at 25/1 effector to target ratio [Difference {diff} = 17.0]; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.6 to 20.4) for MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells and 73.5 versus 48.5 (diff = 25.0; 95% CI = 16.2 to 33.8) for the SW-1463 colon carcinoma cells. HHD mice vaccinated with TS/PP manifested a TS-peptide-specific CTL response with no sign of autoimmunity or toxicity. Furthermore, treatment of these mice with 5-FU delayed or prevented the occurrence of tumors formed by inoculation with autologous (TS+)EL-4/HHD lymphoma cells.The multiepitopic TS/PP vaccine induces a tumor-specific immune response in mice and is especially potent when used in combination with 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
Scintigraphic Changes in Physis in Osteomyelitis
Authors: EDWIN E. YEO, JAMES C. LOW
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

An 8-year-old girl had fever and pain in the right distal femur of 3-weeks' duration. She was treated with intravenous antibiotics. Follow-up radiography of the right knee obtained 1 year later showed destructive changes with disruption in the physis of the right distal femur. Radionuclide studies confirmed the diagnosis of destruction of the growth plate, with implications of shortening of the right femur in the future.
Role of vaccinations as risk factors for ill health in veterans of the Gulf war: cross sectional study
Authors: M. Hotopf
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To explore the relation between ill health after the Gulf war and vaccines received before or during the conflict. To test the hypothesis that such ill health is limited to military personnel who received multiple vaccines during deployment and that pesticide use modifies any effect. <b>Design:</b> Cross sectional study of Gulf war veterans followed for six to eight years after deployment. <b>Setting:</b> UK armed forces. <b>Participants:</b> Military personnel who served in the Gulf and who still had their vaccine records. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Multisymptom illness as classified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; fatigue; psychological distress; post-traumatic stress reaction; health perception; and physical functioning. <b>Results:</b> The response rate for the original survey was 70.4% (n=3284). Of these, 28% (923) had vaccine records. Receipt of multiple vaccines before deployment was associated with only one of the six health outcomes (post-traumatic stress reaction). By contrast five of the six outcomes (all but post-traumatic stress reaction) were associated with multiple vaccines received during deployment. The strongest association was for the multisymptom illness (odds ratio 5.0; 95% confidence interval 2.5 to 9.8). <b>Conclusion:</b> Among veterans of the Gulf war there is a specific relation between multiple vaccinations given during deployment and later ill health. Multiple vaccinations in themselves do not seem to be harmful but combined with the "stress" of deployment they may be associated with adverse health outcomes. These results imply that every effort should be made to maintain routine vaccines during peacetime.
Anogenital Distance from Birth to 2 Years: a Population Study
Authors: Ajay Thankamony, Ken K. Ong, David B. Dunger, Carlo L. Acerini, Ieuan A. Hughes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Anogenital distance (AGD) is sexually dimorphic in rodents and humans, being 2- to 2.5-fold greater in males. It is a reliable marker of androgen and antiandrogen effects in rodent reproductive toxicologic studies. Data on AGD in humans are sparse, with no longitudinal data collected during infancy.
More Than Ramps: A Guide to Improving Health Care Quality and Access for People with Disabilities
Authors: Helen Hoenig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Medical Writings: Book Notes20 March 2007More Than Ramps: A Guide to Improving Health Care Quality and Access for People with DisabilitiesHelen Hoenig, MDHelen Hoenig, MDFrom Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-6-200703200-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Iezzoni LI, O'Day BL. 384 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 2005. $65.00. ISBN 0195172760. Order at www.oup.com/us.Field of medicine: Any clinical or administrative discipline involved in the health care of persons with physical or sensory disabilities.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Health care providers who would like to improve the way that they provide care to persons with disabilities and disabled persons who would like to navigate the health care system more effectively.Purpose: To describe the experiences of adult Americans with physical and sensory disabilities as they seek primary health care services and to suggest ways to overcome ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 March 2007Volume 146, Issue 6Page: 472KeywordsCommunication in health careDisabilitiesHealth careHearingOutpatientsPrimary careQuantitative analysisResearch designSoftware toolsVision ePublished: 20 March 2007 Issue Published: 20 March 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
964. Adenoviral-Mediated Expression of Brain-Derived Neuroptrophic Factor or Neurotrophin-3 Promotes Sprouting of Lesioned Serotonergic Axons in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Michael H. Grider, H. David Shine
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We tested whether adenoviral-mediated expression of the neurotrophins Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) is sufficient to induce regeneration of lesioned serotonergic axons in the cerebral cortex. A single, subcutaneous injection of the neurotoxin p-chloroamphetamine (PCA, 9mg/kg) selectively degenerates the majority of serotonergic axons in the rat cortex while sparing the cell bodies located in the Raphe Nuclei of the brain stem. At this concentration of PCA a small number of axons remain in the cortex, providing potential targets for inducing axon growth. To test whether cortical expression of neurotrophins would elicit a regenerative sprouting response from the remaining cortical serotonergic axons, 107 pfu of adenoviral vectors carrying the genes for BDNF, NT-3, NGF, or eGFP were directly injected into rat frontal cortex 5 days after a subcutaneous injection of PCA. Injections of 107pfu of adenovirus only elicited an acute immune response that was tightly confined to the site of needle injection, similar to PBS controls. The adenoviral constructs were designed under the control of the human elongation factor promoter, EF|[alpha]|, and contained the NGF signal sequence to target the neurotrophins for secretion into the extracellular space. Local concentrations of BDNF, NT-3 or NGF were significantly higher near the injection sites of Adv.BDNF, Adv.NT-3 or Adv.NGF, respectively. Nine days after vector injections, serotonin concentrations were over 50% higher surrounding the injection sites of Adv.BDNF and Adv.NT-3 versus Adv.eGFP control, indicating serotonergic reinnervation of the lesioned cortex. Confocal micrographs of immunohistochemical localization of serotonin in the cortex revealed a four-fold increase in the density of serotonergic fibers surrounding the injection sites of Adv.BDNF and Adv.NT-3 compared to the control vector, Adv.eGFP. In contrast, there was no difference in serotonergic fiber density between Adv.NGF and control. These data demonstrate that localized adenoviral-mediated expression of BDNF or NT-3, but not NGF, is sufficient to promote compensatory sprouting of serotonergic axons to reinnervate the cortex following an experimental neurotoxic injury.
Where should the world invest?
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Deaths in children under 5 have fallen impressively in the past quarter of a century: they’ve nearly halved since 1990. But they are still not falling fast enough for the world to meet the millennium development goal to reduce childhood deaths by two thirds by 2015. Progress is especially slow in the poorest countries. So with the clock ticking the search is on for the best development bets. Where should countries invest for the quickest and biggest gains in life expectancy?

Matthieu Hanf and colleagues have done their best to move us towards an evidence based answer (doi:10.1136/bmj.f6427). They reviewed 10 years’ worth of annual data on the determinants …
Money for Research Participation: Does It Jeopardize Informed Consent?
Authors: Christine Grady
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2001)

Some are concerned about the possibility that offering money for research participation can constitute coercion or undue influence capable of distorting the judgment of potential research subjects and compromising the voluntariness of their informed consent. The author recognizes that more often than not there are multiple influences leading to decisions, including decisions about research participation. The concept of undue influence is explored, as well as the question of whether or not there is something uniquely distorting about money as opposed to a chance for treatment or medical care. An amount of money that is not excessive and is calculated on the basis of time or contribution may, rather than constitute an undue inducement, be an indication of respect for the time and contribution that research subjects make.
THE VENOUS SPACES OF THE PENIS AS AN AVENUE FOR TRANSFUSION
Authors: E. CLAY SHAW
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Venipuncture is usually a simple procedure, but one occasionally encounters a patient whose superficial veins from obesity or other causes are almost inaccessible. Several years ago I was facing failure in an attempt to perform a blood transfusion on a patient whose few available veins had become thrombosed from previous venipuncture; the man was in a condition of extreme shock from persistent bleeding after prostatectomy and the blood was urgently needed. In this dilemma, it occurred to me that the blood might be introduced into the circulation through the venous spaces of the corpora cavernosa of the penis. The idea was acted on and was attended with a completely satisfactory result.  Before attempting another transfusion by this route, I determined the safety of the method on dogs. Repeated transfusions through the penile erectile spaces of salt solution, dextrose and citrated blood were performed on three dogs. The systemic results were
82RB POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) MYOCARDIAL BLOOD FLOW (MBF) CORRELATES WITH CORONARY ARTERY INTIMAL THICKNESS MEASURED BY INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND (IVUS) FOLLOWING HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Amir Mohani, Pravien Khanna, Yi-Hwa Liu, Albert Sinusas, Forrester Lee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Detection by monoclonal antibody of carbohydrate antigen CA 50 in serum of patients with carcinoma.
Authors: J Holmgren, L Lindholm, B Persson, T Lagergard, O Nilsson, L Svennerholm, C M Rudenstam, B Unsgaard, F Yngvason, S Pettersson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

A solid phase radioimmunoassay was devised for measuring the value of the carcinoma associated carbohydrate antigen CA 50 in serum based on the use of a specific monoclonal antibody (C 50). Samples of serum from 259 patients with carcinoma, 114 patients with other malignancies or inflammatory diseases, and 150 healthy controls were examined. Serum values of CA 50 exceeding the mean plus three standard deviations for control samples from blood donors were found in a high proportion of patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas (50% of those with early, localised tumours and 75% of advanced cases), other gastrointestinal carcinomas (69%), uterine cancer (75% of those with corporeal and 88% of those with cervical cancer), prostatic cancer (90%), lung cancer (52%), and breast, ovarian, kidney, and urinary bladder carcinoma (26-67%). The CA 50 values in samples from patients with inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis, with rare exceptions (0-7%) were within the normal range, as were those in patients with various sarcomas and malignant melanoma. Measuring serum values of CA 50, which is evidently a generalised carcinoma associated antigen, may be useful in clinical research studies of the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of patients with different types of carcinoma.
Aerobic fitness thresholds for cardio metabolic health in children and adolescents
Authors: Grant Tomkinson
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Aerobic fitness is considered to be an important health marker. In adults, strong independent associations have been reported between aerobic fitness and cardiovascular disease mortality1 and risk status.2 In children and adolescents, weak-to-moderate associations have been reported between aerobic fitness and cardiovascular disease risk status,3 with some studies (but not all) showing that these relationships persist even after controlling for fatness.4 Furthermore, aerobic fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors track moderately well from childhood and adolescence into adulthood.5 From a public health perspective, this evidence highlights the need for aerobic fitness testing to be included as part of health screening and monitoring systems, but it also begs the question—is there a threshold level of aerobic fitness associated with low cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents? At present, there are no agreed threshold levels for aerobic fitness. However, by using a large pooled dataset of children and adolescents from four European countries, the linked study by Adegboye and colleagues (see pp 00)6 proposes age and sex-specific threshold levels for aerobic fitness associated with a clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors. …
SAT0401 Towards a Multidimensional Patient Reported Outcome Measures Assessment: Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Patients with Fibromyalgia.
Authors: Y. El Miedany, M. El Gaafary, S. Youssef, N. El Aroussy, I. Ahmed, D. Palmer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>SUMMARY</h3> Sui <i>et al</i>. report the cryo-EM structure of the conserved luminal domain of the lipid droplet (LD)-formation protein seipin. The structure reveals key features of this domain and suggest a new model for seipin’s role in LD formation. Metabolic energy is stored in cells primarily as triacylglycerols in lipid droplets (LDs), and LD dysregulation leads to metabolic diseases. The formation of monolayer-bound LDs from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) bilayer is poorly understood, but the ER protein seipin is essential to this process. Here, we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure and functional characterization of <i>D. melanogaster</i> seipin. The structure reveals a ring-shaped dodecamer, with the luminal domain of each monomer resolved at ∼4.0 Å. Each luminal domain monomer exhibits two distinctive features: a hydrophobic helix positioned towards the ER bilayer, and a β-sandwich domain that has structural similarity with lipid-binding proteins. This structure, and our functional testing in cells, suggest a model in which seipin oligomers initially detect forming LDs in the ER via hydrophobic helices and subsequently act as membrane anchors to enable lipid transfer and LD growth.
MEDICAL SHRINES*
Authors: LOGAN CLENDENING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Article1 March 1938MEDICAL SHRINESRemarks at the Annual Banquet of the American College of Physicians 1937LOGAN CLENDENING, M.D., F.A.C.P.LOGAN CLENDENING, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-9-1629 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTonight it is my purpose to discuss with you some memories of our past—the past of medical science and of medical service. Specifically, I want to discuss the memorials of the men and institutions that made that past—memorials in the form of hospital or university buildings, or in the form of statues of the great men and women of our tradition, their birth houses appropriately marked, or their graves properly inscribed.And I want to suggest that it is a function of this College to encourage the memorialization of our American medical shrines. In our restless and changing country the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LOGAN CLENDENING, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Kansas City, Missouri*Read at the St. Louis Meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 22, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1938Volume 11, Issue 9Page: 1629-1643KeywordsBirthMedical servicesMemory ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Survival Among High-Risk Patients After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Matthew L. Maciejewski
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Existing evidence of the survival associated with bariatric surgery is based on cohort studies of predominantly younger women with a low inherent obesity-related mortality risk. The association of survival and bariatric surgery for older men is less clear.To determine whether bariatric surgery is associated with reduced mortality in a multisite cohort of predominantly older male patients who have a high baseline mortality rate.Retrospective cohort study of bariatric surgery programs in Veterans Affairs medical centers. Mortality was examined for 850 veterans who had bariatric surgery in January 2000 to December 2006 (mean age 49.5 years; SD 8.3; mean body mass index [BMI] 47.4; SD 7.8) and 41,244 nonsurgical controls (mean age 54.7 years, SD 10.2; mean BMI 42.0, SD 5.0) from the same 12 Veteran Integrated Service Networks; the mean follow-up was 6.7 years. Four Cox proportional hazards models were assessed: unadjusted and controlled for baseline covariates on unmatched and propensity-matched cohorts.All-cause mortality through December 2008.Among patients who had bariatric surgery, the 1-, 2-, and 6-year crude mortality rates were, respectively, 1.5%, 2.2%, and 6.8% compared with 2.2%, 4.6%, and 15.2% for nonsurgical controls. In unadjusted Cox regression, bariatric surgery was associated with reduced mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.80). After covariate adjustment, bariatric surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63-0.995). In analysis of 1694 propensity-matched patients, bariatric surgery was no longer significantly associated with reduced mortality in unadjusted (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.61-1.14) and time-adjusted (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.64-1.39) Cox regressions.In propensity score-adjusted analyses of older severely obese patients with high baseline mortality in Veterans Affairs medical centers, the use of bariatric surgery compared with usual care was not associated with decreased mortality during a mean 6.7 years of follow-up.
Practice Guidelines and Malpractice Litigation
Authors: Troyen A. Brennan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 October 1995Practice Guidelines and Malpractice LitigationTroyen A. Brennan, JD, MPHTroyen A. Brennan, JD, MPHHarvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-7-199510010-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Bartlett makes four points. The first three are adequately discussed in our article, to which the careful reader should refer. With regard to the fourth point, it was not our intent to chill physicians' interest in practice guidelines. Their role in medical care is still being assessed, as is suggested by the single peer-reviewed paper to which Dr. Bartlett refers. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard School of Public Health; Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1995Volume 123, Issue 7Page: 556 Issue Published: 1 October 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Should general practitioners be informed of patients' convictions for drug offences?
Authors: R G Neville
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Neville asks whether society might benefit if general practitioners were routinely informed by the courts when a patient of theirs had been convicted on drug charges. Four professionals respond to his suggestion. R. Gillon, an ethicist, rejects the proposal as potentially damaging to the physician patient relationship while offering little or no benefit to patients or society. J. Havard, Secretary of the British Medical Association, acknowledges that it might be advantageous to notify physicians of their patients' drug problems, but concludes that a permanent note of such a problem in a patient's medical record could be harmful, many offenders do not require treatment, and some offenders have no regular physician to notify. P. Tomson, a general practitioner, sees Neville's suggestion as harmful to doctor patient rapport. J.E. Over, a chief constable, recommends that Neville's proposal be considered seriously in light of Britain's growing drug problem.