tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-13-14: Lung cancer after treatment of breast cancer:retrospective study from Curie Institut
Authors: S Sebbagh, M Cosquer, YM Kirova, A Livartowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Few studies have evaluated the effects of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT)of breast cancer(BC). The relation between the risk of lung carcinoma and radiotherapy have been controversial. Methods and materials: We retrospectively studied 127 patients treated at the Institut Curie with non metastatic breast cancer and lung carcinoma between 2000 and 2011(2/3 of BC apperead befor lung). Confirmation Diagnosis bronchial cancer obtained by: biopsy: histological data:architecture, IHC (HR, HER 2, TTF1), EGFR, Kras statut clinical and radiological Correlation. Comparison with breast tumor Results: BC: median age at diagnosis 54 years, predominatly invasive ductual carcinoma(IDC), lumpectomy 78%, mastectomy 21%. Lung cancer: median age at diagnosis: 63 years, 67 smokers. histology: 52 % Adenocarcinoma, 18.1 % scamous cell carcinoma, 18.1% large cell carcinoma, 13.4 % small cell carcinoma. EGFR mutation in 4.3%. 109 patients underwent RT (3 cases of lung cancer befor BC):Region: internal mammary chain: 46, supracalvicular: 42, axillary: 21. Technique: lateral decubitus position: 44, dorsal decubitus position: 57. Interval between breast and lung cancer: 0–3 years: 24.4%, 3–5 years: 15%, 6–10years: 16.5%, 11–20 years: 28%, &amp;gt;20 years: peak of incidence of lung cancer in the 3 years of diagnosis of breast cancer: 24.4 %. There was no apparent relation between treatment of BC and relative risk of developing lung carcinoma. 2nd peak between 11–20 years: 32 % patients, suggest that RT may increase risk of lung carcinoma (latency period for radiation induced second malignancy). Conclusion: This study suggest that adjuvant RT is associated with a real but small risk of developing lung carcinoma. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-13-14.
Priority for EU commissioner is implementing tighter rules on tobacco
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Vytenis Andriukaitis, the European Commissioner designate for health and food safety,1 has determined that “promotion, prevention and protection” are to be his guiding policy priorities for the next five years if he receives parliamentary approval for his new post.

Andriukaitis made the commitment during a three hour hearing on 30 September during which MEPs quizzed the qualified surgeon and former Lithuanian health minister on his personal and professional qualities and knowledge of the policies he will oversee as a commissioner.

“Very often when I hear public figures speak, they think the three words are the same. No way. They conceal a lot of different techniques and instruments and express themselves in different ways in …
Urinary Retention Probably Secondary to Herpes Genitalis
Authors: Louis R. Caplan, Francis J. Kleeman, Solomon Berg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Acute urinary retention is an unusual presenting complaint in a previously well young adult. When retention is associated with minor neurologic symptoms and signs, lumbosacral disk herniation, spinal-cord compression, multiple sclerosis and psychogenic urinary retention are the commonest diagnoses considered. Viral infections of the spinal meninges, nerve roots or spinal cord are not generally included in the differential diagnosis of urinary retention. We have recently studied 11 young adults with herpes genitalis in whom urinary retention was associated with signs of lumbosacral radiculomyelopathy.Case MaterialIn eight female and three male patients, with ages ranging from 19 to 38 years . . .
Dyspnoea, fever, patchy ground-glass opacities and intermittent severe epigastralgia
Authors: N. Hijikata, N. Takayanagi, Y. Sugita, Y. Kawabata
Journal: Thorax (2010)

A 33-year-old Japanese man experienced intermittent severe epigastralgia 5 days before admission followed by dyspnoea and fever, and he was hospitalised in acute respiratory failure. He had taken no medications before admission. Bilateral ground-glass opacities were seen on the chest radiograph on admission. The patient received BCG in childhood and had no history of atopy, asthma or any allergies, and did not smoke. On examination, his body temperature was 38.3°C, and oxygen saturation on air was 88%. Mild fine inspiratory crackles were detected by chest auscultation. There were no signs of urticarial rash or angioedema. He had epigastric tenderness without signs of peritoneal irritation.

Laboratory tests revealed the following: white blood cell count, 1.26×109/l; proportion of peripheral eosinophils, 2.3% (normal …
Acute bone marrow toxicity and pancytopenia following exposure to lead chromate, xylene, and ethylbenzene in a degloving injury
Authors: Timothy Erickson, Vasia Amed, Steven J. Leibach, Philip Bushnik, Allen Saxon, Daniel O. Hryhorczuk, William H. Knopse
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract A case of unique acute bone marrow toxicity and pancytopenia following subcutaneous exposure to lead chromate, xylene, and ethylbenzene in a previously healthy patient is reported. The patient sustained an extensive degloving injury to his lower extremity. The wound was contaminated with traffic paint containing lead chromate pigment along with a large volume of xylene and ethylbenzene solvent. Consequences of the patient's clinical course and management of degloving injuries are discussed. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of cyclosporine on renal function in psoriasis patients
Authors: Joseph M. Messana, Leslie L. Rocher, Charles N. Ellis, Mark S. Fradin, John R. VanGurp, Graciella Cantu-Gonzalez, Thomas G. Parish, Suzanne M. Wheeler, John J. Voorhees
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)
Checks and counterchecks.
Authors: M Beech
Journal: BMJ (1986)

with congestive heart failure -to treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.The mean (SEM) distances walked before treatment by our patients with New York Heart Association class II (five patients) and clss III (10 patients) heart failure were 301 (21) m and 190 (29) m, respectively.These are shorter than those reported by Dr Lipkin and colleagues, perhaps because of the greater age of our patients (mean 77, range 69-83 years).Subsequent subjective reduction in symptoms and objective improvement in performance of daily activities and overall functional ability' appear to be closely related to increases in walking distance.Our experience supports the conclusions-of Dr D P Lipkin and others.As walking is often seen as the yardstick of health by old people2 the six minute walkng test would seem particularly appropriate for elderly patients, for whom more sophisticated testing is not at present widely avail- able or practised.
Abstract P2-11-14: Symptoms, Physical Impairments, and Function in Breast Cancer Patients with Negative Axillary Lymph Nodes
Authors: AH Kesarwala, LA Pfalzer, WP O'Meara, NL Stout
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose/Objective(s): Breast cancer (BC) patients are recommended for post-operative regional nodal radiation therapy (RNRT) based on the number of positive axillary lymph nodes (LN). While RNRT is recommended for patients with 4 or more positive LN, it remains controversial in patients with 1–3 positive LN. For these patients, consideration of anticipated functional impairments often guides decision making, but these considerations are confounded by the inseparable effects of disease in and treatment of the axilla. The purpose of this analysis is to investigate the effect of various therapies on functional impairments in BC patients without axillary disease. Materials/Methods: 166 women were diagnosed with BC between 2001–05 and enrolled and treated in a prospective surveillance physical therapy program. 110 had zero positive axillary LN on either sentinel LN biopsy or axillary LN dissection and were analyzed for this report. Participants' upper extremity (UE) range of motion, strength, and limb volume were assessed pre-operatively and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12+ months post-operatively by a physical therapist. Limb volume was assessed using infrared optoelectronic perometry. At 12+ months, overall health status, UE symptoms and function, and physical activity levels were reported using standardized questionnaires. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA analyses were used to determine significance between groups (p ≤ 0.05). Results: Of these 110 patients, 34 received mastectomy without RT, 21 received mastectomy with RNRT, 10 received lumpectomy alone, and 45 received lumpectomy with whole breast tangent RT. No significant differences were found between groups with regard to stage, ER/PR status, and number of dissected LN. Rates of lymphedema, cording, and seroma were not significantly different between groups. By 12+ months post-operatively, there were no differences in shoulder abduction, shoulder flexion, internal rotation, or external rotation between groups. No differences were seen between groups in self-reported fatigue, UE swelling or weakness, arm stiffness, or ability to climb stairs. Conclusions: Functional impairments represent an important category of morbidity for BC survivors and should be considered in pre-treatment decision making. In patients without axillary disease, post-operative RNRT or whole breast tangent RT may not contribute significantly to impairment over the first year of treatment when a prospective surveillance physical therapy program is part of the plan of care. Additional research is needed to assess longer-term changes and the impact of radiation in the context of the aggregate effect of disease burden combined with other BC treatment modalities. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-11-14.
Prevalence and determinants of Australian adolescents' and adults' weekend sun protection and sunburn, summer 2003-2004
Authors: Suzanne Dobbinson, Melanie Wakefield, David Hill, Afaf Girgis, Joanne F. Aitken, Kerri Beckmann, Anthony I. Reeder, Natalie Herd, Andrew Fairthorne, Kelly-Ann Bowles
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
Pharmacological Characterization of Serotonergic Receptor Activity in the Hypoglossal Nucleus
Authors: Polina Fenik, Sigrid C. Veasey
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

State-dependent reductions in serotonin delivery to upper airway dilator motoneuron activity may contribute to sleep apnea. The functional significance of serotonin receptor subtypes implicated in excitation of dilator motor neurons was evaluated in anesthetized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated adult rats (n = 108). The effects of antagonists selective for serotonin receptor subtypes 2A, 2C, or 7 on intrinsic hypoglossal activity and on serotonin agonist (serotonin, 5-carboxamidotryptamine maleate, and RO-600175) dose responses were characterized. All drugs were injected unilaterally into the hypoglossal nucleus. The 2A antagonist, MDL-100907, dropped intrinsic hypoglossal nerve respiratory activity by 61 +/- 6% (p < 0.001) and suppressed serotonin excitation of hypoglossal nerve activity (p < 0.05). The 2C antagonist, SB-242084, dropped hypoglossal nerve activity 17 +/- 6% (p < 0.05) and suppressed the dose-response curve for the 2C agonist. Rapid desensitization occurred with the 2C agonist only (p < 0.05). The 7 antagonist, SB-269970, had no effect on either intrinsic activity or agonist responses. We conclude that serotonin 2A is the predominant excitatory serotonin receptor subtype at hypoglossal motor neurons. The serotonin 2C excitatory effects are of lower magnitude and are associated with rapid desensitization. There is no evidence for serotonin 7 activity in the hypoglossal nucleus. This characterization of serotonin receptor subtypes in the hypoglossal nucleus provides a focus for the development of pharmacotherapies for sleep apnea.
Cellular Retinol-Binding Protein Expression and Breast Cancer
Authors: Yuvarani S. Kuppumbatti, Ira J. Bleiweiss, John P. Mandeli, Samuel Waxman, Rafael Mira-y-Lopez
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2000)

The biologic activity of vitamin A depends, in part, on its metabolism to active nuclear receptor ligands, chiefly retinoic acid. The cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) binds vitamin A with high affinity and is postulated to regulate its uptake and metabolism. In this report, we analyze the expression of CRBP in normal and malignant breast tissues.We evaluated CRBP expression by in situ hybridization in six reduction mammoplasty specimens and 49 human breast carcinoma specimens by use of digoxigenin-labeled RNA probes and in nine cultured mammoplasty specimens by northern or western blot analysis. Statistical significance was evaluated with the chi(2) test or Fisher's exact test if the sample sizes were small. All P values are from two-sided tests.CRBP was expressed in all 15 mammoplasty specimens (normal breast tissue) and in 33 of 35 available specimens of normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma. In contrast, 12 (24%) of 49 carcinoma lesions were uniformly negative for CRBP (P =.023 for comparison with adjacent normal breast tissue). The loss of CRBP expression was as frequent in ductal carcinoma in situ (six [27%] of 22) as in invasive lesions (six [22%] of 27), suggesting that it is a relatively early event in carcinogenesis and not associated with patient age, tumor grade, and expression of steroid receptors or c-Myc. Preliminary experiments did not find an association between CRBP and retinoic acid receptor beta loss, but most (four of five) CRBP-negative tumors were also retinoic acid receptor beta negative.CRBP is underexpressed in 24% (95% confidence interval = 12.5%-36.5%) of human breast carcinomas, implying a link between cellular vitamin A homeostasis and breast cancer. We hypothesize that the loss of CRBP restricts the effects of endogenous vitamin A on breast epithelial cells.
An Evaluation of the Absolute and Relative Stability of Alexithymia in Patients with Major Depression
Authors: Olivier Luminet, R. Michael Bagby, Graeme J. Taylor
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Previous studies demonstrating an association between alexithymia and depression have led to the proposal that alexithymia may be a state-dependent phenomenon rather than a stable and enduring personality trait. Several longitudinal studies have provided support for a trait view of alexithymia, but most of these studies evaluated absolute stability only (i.e., the extent to which alexithymia scores change over time) and did not examine the relative stability of alexithymia (i.e., the extent to which relative differences among individuals remain the same over time) in the context of changes in illness symptomatology. The present study evaluated both absolute stability and relative stability of alexithymia in depressed patients who experienced a marked reduction in the severity of depressive symptoms. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Forty-six psychiatric outpatients with major depression were assessed for alexithymia and depression with the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression at the start of treatment (baseline) and after 14 weeks of treatment (follow-up) with antidepressant medication. Paired t tests and correlational analyses were performed to evaluate absolute stability and relative stability in alexithymia. Hierarchical regression analyses were then used to assess the degree to which the relative stability in alexithymia scores was related to the severity of depressive symptoms, and the degree to which changes in alexithymia scores could be attributed to changes in depression scores. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Alexithymia scores changed significantly from baseline to follow-up, indicating a general lack of absolute stability. There was, however, strong evidence of relative stability, as alexithymia scores at baseline correlated significantly with alexithymia scores at follow-up and were also a significant predictor of follow-up alexithymia scores, after partialling the effects of depression severity. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Although alexithymia scores may change in the presence of large changes in the severity of depressive symptoms, the finding of relative stability of alexithymia supports the view that this construct is a stable personality trait rather a state-dependent phenomenon.
Selective Delivery of an Acardiac, Acephalic Twin
Authors: George F. Robie, Gerald G. Payne, Mark A. Morgan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

THE acardius fetal malformation, occurring once in every 35,000 births, was first described by Benedetti in an account published in 1533.1 This rare, lethal malformation of one of twin fetuses has four main types: acardius acephalus, in which there is an absence of the fetal head and thoracic organs; acardius acormus, in which there is development of the fetal head only; acardius amorphus, in which there is only a shapeless mass of tissue without a recognizable human part; and acardius myelacephalus, in which there is a suggestion of one or more extremities and a partially developed head. The anomaly is . . .
The Paradox of Graduate Medical Training
Authors: Henry L. Heyl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Thoughtful medical educators in the United States have been increasingly concerned with numbers. One of the most puzzling of these mathematical problems is the fact that the flood of graduates successfully seeking training in medical and surgical specialties probably exceeds the true clinical need. In this issue Dr. Richard M. Bergland dramatizes what he considers to be the inertia of his own specialty in dealing with this phenomenon. The value of his article, ominously entitled "Neurosurgery May Die," lies in the provocative violence of its youthful impatience. Moreover, its message is based on observations that could apply in varying degrees . . .
The Prostate, Ventilation, and Anesthesia
Authors: Adolph H. Giesecke
Journal: JAMA (1968)

In an aged patient with emphysema, respiratory complications might be expected to develop following perineal prostatectomy under spinal anesthesia in the exaggerated lithotomy (Young's) position. Complications have failed to occur at the expected rate, prompting a study of ventilation in the exaggerated lithotomy position. Nine control subjects demonstrated reductions in timed forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV 0.5 second) similar to those previously reported for healthy volunteers in the lithotomy position. Eighteen urological patients with pulmonary disease manifest by reduced FVC and FEV 0.5 second were studied before and during spinal anesthesia. They had no change in the FVC but an improved FEV 0.5 second in the exaggerated lithotomy position. The weight of the viscera and thighs probably acts to improve the end-exhalational position of the diaphragm and adds force to the maximum expiratory effort.
RESULTS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPRAY TREATMENT IN FORTY-TWO CASES OF DIPHTHERIA CARRIERS
Authors: W. A. WOMER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Since diphtheria antitoxin has come into general use, quarantine of diphtheria cases is especially irksome. The patient is apparently perfectly well in a few days and the members of the quarantined family think that they are needlessly oppressed. The fact, remains, however, that although the use of antitoxin results in a speedy disappearance of all symptoms, nevertheless the diphtheria organisms may still be found in the throat, and are just as likely to infect others as they were when the patient was sick.  It is impossible to tell from the ordinary examination by culture whether the bacilli are virulent or not, and as animal inoculation is not usually possible in municipal laboratories, the quarantine is sometimes continued until the germs disappear from the throat, two or three negative cultures being required for release. This sometimes extends the period of quarantine for several weeks and it becomes a severe hardship
Rationing resources while improving quality
Authors: B. L. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —In the September 14, 1994, issue of JAMA , Dr Eddy 1 uses three examples of increasing efficiency of utilizing limited health care resources. However, his first two examples, restricting mammography to more appropriate ages and changing the indications for cholesterol-reducing drug therapy, differ significantly from his third example, the use of high (HOCA) or low (LOCA) osmolar contrast agents balanced against the use of cervical cancer screening. In the first two examples, Eddy cites published scientific data to support a constructive and efficient reduction of overutilization of a single resource (mammography in the first case and cholesterol-reducing drugs in the second case), resulting in improvement in the quality of care, each for one specific illness.  In his third example, however, the only resource common to both interventions is money; two unrelated illnesses are being balanced. He advocates administering HOCAs to all patients, even to those demonstrated to
Magnified Observation of Elevated Lesions of the Stomach Based on Magnifying Fiberoptic Endoscopy and Dissecting Microscopy
Authors: T. Okada, M. Nishizawa
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

On the basis of considerable experiences, we have correlated findings under the dissecting microscopy (1, 3, 6, 7) with findings obtained with the magnifying fiberoptic endoscope (2, 5), and have established a system of classification (2, 4) to help the endoscopist determine the nature of elevated lesions of the stomach without a biopsy.
Platelet microRNA-mRNA coexpression profiles correlate with platelet reactivity
Authors: Srikanth Nagalla, Chad Shaw, Xianguo Kong, Altaf A. Kondkar, Leonard C. Edelstein, Lin Ma, Junmei Chen, G. Stanley McKnight, José A. López, Linghai Yang, Ying Jin, Molly S. Bray, Suzanne M. Leal, Jing-fei Dong, Paul F. Bray
Journal: Blood (2011)
Reticulate erythema—a prodrome in hereditary angio-oedema
Authors: DONALD M. WILLIAMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

A previously undescribed short-lived non-puritic reticulate erythema has been noted in several members of unrelated families with hereditary angio-oedema. The eruption which may be widespread can last from 1 to 4 days and usually immediately precedes an overt attack of hereditary angio-oedema although this is not invariable, and swellings may occur in areas not previously involved by the erythema. Histology including immunohistology probably shows no specific changes.