tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thermography in Bone Disease
Authors: John D. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1974)

SINCE it is crucial both to detect bone tumors at the earliest stage and to accurately delineate the extent of disease, thermography has been investigated in an attempt to determine whether it can contribute to these two pressing clinical needs. Thermography consists of the taking of thousands of measurements of the temperature of extremely small areas of the human body. These are then combined into a picture-like presentation in which higher temperatures appear as correspondingly darker portions of the picture, or thermogram. The measurements are taken by a sensing cell that is placed at some distance from the patient. Accordingly, as a clinical investigative procedure, thermography is especially attractice since it is noninvasive and relatively inexpensive. <h3>Malignant Disease</h3> Two groups have reported their experience in 23 patients with osteosarcoma.<sup>1,2</sup>Both groups found that all primary malignant tumors yielded obviously abnormal thermographic signs when the patient was first examined. The
Clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of the St. Jude cardiac valve prosthesis: Follow-up of 126 patients
Authors: Ioannis P. Panidis, Jian-Fang Ren, Morris N. Kotler, Gary S. Mintz, Eldred D. Mundth, Inder P. Goel, John Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)
Hepatitis during measles in young adults: Possible role of antipyretic drugs
Authors: Zvi Ackerman, Moshe Y. Flugelman, Yohanan Wax, Daniel Shouval, Micha Levy
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Fifty-six per cent of 118 young adults observed during a recent measles epidemic had some disturbance on liver function tests. Five per cent developed overt jaundice. Patients treated for fever with paracetamol were found to have significantly higher rates of transaminase impairment compared to those treated with dipyrone. Sixty-five and 58% of patients given paracetamol had elevated ALT and AST levels, respectively. Only 15% of patients given dipyrone had elevated levels of these two enzymes (p less than 0.01 for ALT and p less than 0.02 for AST). The mean levels of transaminases and bilirubin in the paracetamol-treated patients were significantly higher than those found in the dipyrone-treated patients [92 +/- 86 vs. 42 +/- 49 IU (p less than 0.02) for AST and 12 +/- 6.0 vs. 7.0 +/- 2.0 mumoles per liter (p less than 0.01) for bilirubin]. The cumulative dose of paracetamol in those who had impaired liver function was higher than that ingested by patients who did not develop liver damage, although still within the usual therapeutic range [11.6 +/- 5.8 vs. 7.6 +/- 4.2 gm (p = 0.02)]. The possible ways in which measles infection and paracetamol in combination can lead to hepatic damage are discussed.
GM-CSF and IL-4 induce dendritic cell differentiation and disrupt osteoclastogenesis through M-CSF receptor shedding by up-regulation of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE)
Authors: Masahiro Hiasa, Masahiro Abe, Ayako Nakano, Asuka Oda, Hiroe Amou, Shinsuke Kido, Kyoko Takeuchi, Kumiko Kagawa, Kenichiro Yata, Toshihiro Hashimoto, Shuji Ozaki, Kenzo Asaoka, Eiji Tanaka, Keiji Moriyama, Toshio Matsumoto
Journal: Blood (2009)
Insulin inhibits serotonin-induced Ca2+ influx in vascular smooth muscle.
Authors: A M Kahn, J C Allen, C L Seidel, T Song
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Insulin in physiological concentrations attenuates the agonist-induced intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) transient and inhibits contraction in individual nonproliferated cultured canine femoral artery vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In the present study, we wished to define the effects of insulin on individual components of Ca2+ transport in vascular smooth muscle. METHODS AND RESULTS Insulin (40 microU/mL) attenuated the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin; 10(-5) mol/L)-induced [Ca2+]i transient (measured by fura 2 fluorescence) in primary confluent canine femoral artery VSMCs in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. In Ca(2+)-free media, the 5-HT-induced [Ca2+]i transient was reduced by 42% and was not affected by insulin. This finding suggested that insulin inhibits 5-HT-induced Ca2+ influx but does not affect sarcolemmal Ca2+ efflux or Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. In support of those conclusions, we found that insulin inhibited the 5-HT-induced component of Mn2+ (a Ca2+ surrogate) influx (measured by fura 2 fluorescence quenching at the Ca2+ isosbestic excitation wavelength). In addition, 5-HT stimulated the rates of 45Ca2+ efflux from intact cells (a measure of sarcolemmal Ca2+ efflux) and from saponin-permeabilized cells (a measure of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores), but insulin did not affect these rates of 45Ca2+ efflux. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a physiological insulin concentration attenuates the 5-HT-induced [Ca2+]i transient in confluent primary cultured canine femoral artery VSMCs by inhibiting the 5-HT-induced component of Ca2+ influx but not by affecting sarcolemmal Ca2+ efflux or Ca2+ release from intracellular stores.
VARIATION IN PRE- AND INTRA-OPERATIVE CARE FOR FIRST STAGE PALLIATION FOR SINGLE VENTRICLE HEART DISEASE: REPORT FROM THE NATIONAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT COLLABORATIVE
Authors: David W. Brown, Jean A. Connor, Frank Pigula, Kudret Esmani, Thomas S. Klitzner, Robert H. Beekman, John D. Kugler, Gerald R. Martin, Steven R. Neish, Geoffrey L. Rosenthal, Carole Lannon, Kathy J. Jenkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Gamma2, Gamma1A, and Gamma1M Antinuclear Factors in Human Sera*
Authors: Eugene V. Barnett, John J. Condemi, John P. Leddy, John H. Vaughan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

The term "immunoglobulin" is used to refer to one or more of the three classes of serum protein, gammalA, gammaim, and gamma2, each of which is known to contain antibodies.The 7yAand y1M- immunoglobulins have also been referred to as beta2A and beta2M, their electrophoretic mobilities being intermediate between the principal gamma and beta peaks in serum protein electrophoresis.ylA-globulin, like Y2-globulin, is approximately 7 S in its ultracentrifugal characteristics, but differs significantly from 'y2-globulin by other chemical and immunochemical criteria.ylM-globulin is a macro-gamma globulin that has an ultracentrifuga- tion sedimentation coefficient of approximately 19 S.Determination of the immunochemical class of globulins responsible for the various autoreactivi- ties found in various diseases may be important for our better understanding of the mechanisms of disease.The antinuclear factors (ANF), which are apparently autoantibodies to nuclear constituents, are found in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (LE) and less frequently in other so-called connective tissue dis- eases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Goodman, Fahey, and Malmgren (1) characterized ANF in two LE sera as globulins of both 7 S and 19 S type.Baum and Ziff (2) showed that ANF in LE sera were eluted from DEAE cellulose both *
Flecainide prevents catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in mice and humans
Authors: Hiroshi Watanabe, Nagesh Chopra, Derek Laver, Hyun Seok Hwang, Sean S Davies, Daniel E Roach, Henry J Duff, Dan M Roden, Arthur A M Wilde, Björn C Knollmann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
Preoperative Localization of Nonpalpable Breast Lesions Demonstrated by Mammography
Authors: Howard A. Frank, Ferris M. Hall, Michael L. Steer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Biopsy of radiologically suspicious breast lesions that are not palpable clinically or even at operation has become commonplace since the introduction of modern mammographic technics. Surgical localization of such lesions can be difficult because the position and shape of the breast are altered by the vertical and horizontal compression employed during mammography. The simple, rapid technic described below for the preoperative localization of such lesions by means of a self-retaining radiopaque marker has been found reliable.MethodThe localizing procedure is done immediately before operation in the radiology department with the patient supine in the position to be assumed in . . .
A Lecture ON ACUTE OBSTRUCTION OF THE SMALL INTESTINE: Delivered at the Medical Graduates' College and Polyclinic
Authors: C. A. Pannett
Journal: BMJ (1914)

LMAY 23, I9143. Adrenal rests 2659 originally or by metastasis from the liypernephroma which was present.A hypernephroma is itself a distinctly rare tumour.Its presence may have been a pure coincidence.Doran,20 Grafenberg,2' Guthrie and d'Este Emery,22 and Monsarrat25 record cases of metastasis from lhyperneplhromata.Lubarsch24 found metastasis 20 times out of 29 cases in various organs, ineluding the pancreas.The microscopical findings do not accord witlh the suggestion that tlle cysts arose as retention cysts, caused by obstruction ItQ the outflow from the spiall ducts, as (a) by a pathological secretion from the -ymogenouis cells, analogous to the ascribed cause: of congenital cystic disease of the kidney, or (b) by,chronic interstitial pancreatitis (see Robsonr and Moynihan26).For it shLould be noted that in interstitial pancreatitis the islets of Langer- hans usually escape atrophy, at all events tintil a very late stage (Robson 27), and there was no inflammatory process.A feature of tlle case was the comiplete transformation of the pancreas into cysts.It would lhave been quite impossible to have enucleated the tumour or any part of it from the pancreas, as appc a's to have been don 1 in some of tlle recorded cases (Dunning's case'0).Briefly, from a clinical point of view, the case was of interest because it showed the effect upon the economy of gradual loss of function of tlle pancreas in an otherwise healthy person,, the outstanding features of tlhe terminal part-of the illness being the gradual wasting2 of the body, especially of the inuscles, unto death and the warding off of glycosuria until the end.The urine removed from the bladder after death containe1 sugar.It had always been free fromn it during life.
A Multicenter Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Oral Metoclopramide in Diabetic Gastroparesis
Authors: Richard W McCallum, Dominick A Ricci, Herbert Rakatansky, Jose Behar, James B Rhodes, Gerald Salen, Julius Deren, Andrew Ippoliti, Harvey W Olsen, Kenneth Falchuk, Theodore Hersh
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

40 patients with diabetic gastroparesis. Results of a 3-wk double-blind study indicate that metoclopramide at a dosage of one 10-mg tablet four times daily reduced nausea, vomiting, fullness, and early satiety and improved meal tolerance better than placebo. Statistically significant differences were noted for nausea and postprandial fullness. Mean gastric emptying assessed by radionuclide scintigraphy was significantly improved in the metoclopramide-treated group when compared with their baseline result. Metoclopramide is an effective agent for improving the upper gastrointestinal motor function in diabetic patients with gastroparesis.
Ocular Findings in Botulism Type B
Authors: William Terranova
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In April 1977, fifty-nine persons became ill with type B botulism in a large, common-source outbreak. A combination of signs and symptoms that should make the clinician strongly suspect botulism was derived from the histories and ocular findings of these persons. Certain signs of third cranial nerve dysfunction reliably predicted in which patients ventilatory insufficiency would develop. (<i>JAMA</i>241:475-477, 1979)
Use of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to study the distribution of 90Y in patients with Baker's cysts and persistent synovitis of the knee.
Authors: T Smith, D J Shawe, J C Crawley, J M Gumpel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

The presence of a Baker's cyst may diminish the therapeutic effect of intra-articular 90Y treatment to the knee joint. SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) was used in 10 patients with Baker's cysts, treated with intra-articular 90Y for persistent synovitis of the knee, to measure the amount of radioisotope within the cyst. Comparison was made with the arthrographic appearances. The likelihood or extent of uptake into Baker's cysts of 90Y injected into the synovial cavity of the knee was not predictable from arthrograms. Deposition of 90Y in cysts was variable, ranging from little or no measurable uptake to a substantial proportion of the administered activity (40% in one case out of 10). It did not appear to relate to clinical response. The low mean uptake (6.3%) in cysts of nine out of 10 patients was probably insignificant in view of the large uncertainty in the prediction of synovial radiation dose.
The Transaortic Approach for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Joel A. Lardizabal, Brian P. O'Neill, Harit V. Desai, Conrad J. Macon, Alexis P. Rodriguez, Claudia A. Martinez, Carlos E. Alfonso, Martin S. Bilsker, Roger G. Carillo, Mauricio G. Cohen, Alan W. Heldman, William W. O'Neill, Donald B. Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Birth weight and exposure to kitchen wood smoke during pregnancy in rural Guatemala.
Authors: Erick Boy, Nigel Bruce, Hernán Delgado
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In this study, we aimed to establish whether domestic use of wood fuel is associated with reduced birth weight, independent of key maternal, social, and economic confounding factors. We studied 1,717 women and newborn children in rural and urban communities in rural Guatemala. We identified subjects through home births reported by traditional birth attendants in six rural districts (n = 572) and all public hospital births in Quetzaltenango city during the study period (n = 1,145). All were seen within 72 hr of delivery, and data were collected on the type of household fuel used, fire type, and socioeconomic and other confounding factors. Smoking among women in the study community was negligible. Children born to mothers habitually cooking on open fires (n = 861) had the lowest mean birth weight of 2,819 g [95% confidence interval (CI), 2,790-2,848]; those using a chimney stove (n = 490) had an intermediate mean of 2,863 g (95% CI, 2,824-2,902); and those using the cleanest fuels (electricity or gas, n = 365) had the highest mean of 2,948 g (95% CI, 2,898-2,998) (p< 0.0001). The percentage of low birth weights (< 500 g) in these three groups was 19.9% (open fire), 16.8% (chimney stove), and 16.0% (electricity/gas), (trend (p = 0.08). Confounding factors were strongly associated with fuel type, but after adjustment wood users still had a birth weight 63 g lower (p = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.4-126). This is the first report of an association between biofuel use and reduced birth weight in a human population. Although there is potential for residual confounding despite adjustment, the better-documented evidence on passive smoking and a feasible mechanism through carbon monoxide exposure suggest this association may be real. Because two-thirds of households in developing countries still rely on biofuels and women of childbearing age perform most cooking tasks, the attributable risk arising from this association, if confirmed, could be substantial.
Bahia grass pollen specific IgE is common in seasonal rhinitis patients but has limited cross‐reactivity with Ryegrass
Authors: J. M. Davies, M. L. Bright, J. M. Rolland, R. E. O'Hehir
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: Perennial Ryegrass is a major cause of rhinitis in spring and early summer. Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum , flowers late into summer and could account for allergic rhinitis at this time. We determined the frequency of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E reactivity with Bahia grass in Ryegrass pollen allergic patients and investigated IgE cross‐reactivity between Bahia and Ryegrass. Methods: Serum from 33 Ryegrass pollen allergic patients and 12 nonatopic donors were tested for IgE reactivity with Bahia and Ryegrass pollen extracts (PE) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting and inhibition ELISA. Allergen‐specific antibodies from a pool of sera from allergic donors were affinity purified and tested for IgE cross‐reactivity. Results: Seventy‐eight per cent of the sera had IgE reactivity with Bahia grass, but more weakly than with Ryegrass. Antibodies eluted from the major Ryegrass pollen allergens, Lol p 1 and Lol p 5, showed IgE reactivity with allergens of Ryegrass and Canary but not Bahia or Bermuda grasses. Timothy, Canary and Ryegrass inhibited IgE reactivity with Ryegrass and Bahia grass, whereas Bahia, Johnson and Bermuda grass did not inhibit IgE reactivity with Ryegrass. Conclusions: The majority of Ryegrass allergic patients also showed serum IgE reactivity with Bahia grass PE. However, Bahia grass and Ryegrass had only limited IgE cross‐reactivity indicating that Bahia grass should be considered in diagnosis and treatment of patients with hay fever late in the grass pollen season.
274 IMPROVED SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE (SVR) RATES IN “DIFFICULT-TO-CURE” PATIENTS TREATED WITH TELAPREVIR IN COMBINATION WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A AND RIBAVIRIN: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE PROVE3 STUDY
Authors: M.P. Manns, A.J. Muir, N. Adda, J.G. McHutchison, N. Terrault, L. Bengtsson, S. George, A.M. Di Bisceglie
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Glycaemic control in diabetic nephropathy.
Authors: J J Bending, J C Pickup, G C Viberti, H Keen
Journal: BMJ (1984)

To investigate the quality of glycaemic control that is achievable in diabetic patients with persistent proteinuria and asymptomatic but declining renal function three matched groups of patients were studied. The first comprised diabetics with proteinuria receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; the second, diabetics without proteinuria receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; and the third, diabetics with proteinuria receiving conventional insulin treatment. Glycaemic control in patients receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was shown to be appreciably worse during the daytime in diabetics with proteinuria than in diabetics without proteinuria, although greatly superior to that in diabetics with proteinuria receiving conventional insulin treatment. The loss of glycaemic control in patients with proteinuria receiving continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion probably occurred as a response to daytime hypoglycaemia and a consequent reduction in the proportion of the total insulin dose given prandially. Difficulty in controlling blood glucose concentrations may be a factor in the failure of intensified insulin regimens to influence the progression of diabetic renal disease.
The Electrocardiogram in Duchenne Progressive Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: CECYLIA SLUCKA
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Interpretation of the electrocardiogram in the Duchenne form of progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD) is still debated in the literature. The group studied consisted of 106 patients with the Duchenne type of PMD, aged 3 to 29 years. The duration of the disease varied from a few months to 15 years. One hundred one patients had abnormal electrocardiograms. These were of four types: type a (64 cases) showed tall R waves in V 1 and deep Q waves in V 4-6 ; type b (24 cases), RSr' and deep Q waves in V 5-6 ; and type c (13 cases), polyphasic R waves in V 1 . The view that the electrocardiographic abnormalities in Duchenne dystrophy are a manifestation of the dystrophic process in the myocardium is discussed. The authors' material, however, failed to support this view but did support the view that the electrocardiographic abnormalities have an heredofamilial character.
An Algorithmic Approach to Chronic Cough
Authors: Melvin R. Pratter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

To evaluate a stepwise approach to chronic cough that emphasized initial treatment of all patients with an antihistamine-decongestant for postnasal drip and to determine the value of routine bronchoprovocation challenge in the evaluation of chronic cough.Prospective trial using an algorithm for chronic cough in immunocompetent nonsmoking out-patients.University-based pulmonary practice.Forty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean duration of cough was 140 weeks (range, 3 to 2080 weeks), and the mean severity of cough as assessed by patients on a four-point scale was "severe."Marked improvement and resolution (mean, 3.1 and 7.1 weeks, respectively), with resolution in 96% of patients. Antihistamine-decongestant therapy was beneficial in 39 of 45 patients and was the only therapy needed for 16 patients. Bronchoprovocation challenge had a negative predictive value of 100% and a positive predictive value of 74% for cough caused by asthma. No significant relationship was found between the time to cough resolution and duration or severity of cough. Eighteen percent of patients experienced a recurrence of cough at a follow-up interval of 3 months.A sequential approach to chronic cough that emphasizes initial treatment with an antihistamine-decongestant is effective. Bronchoprovocation challenge is useful in evaluating patients with chronic cough but can be delayed until the initial response to antihistamine-decongestant therapy has been assessed. The 18% incidence of recurrence highlights the fact that cough often is the manifestation of a chronic or recurring process that requires chronic or episodic therapy.
Basal cell carcinoma in young adults
Authors: N.H. COX
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

The epidemiology and outcome of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults aged 15-34 years were examined. Northern Region Cancer Registry data from 1979 to 1989 revealed a crude annual incidence of 37/100,000 total population and the incidence was constant in all age-groups during this period; 150 patients (1.2%) were aged 15-34 years. There was a small excess of females in the young age-group. The outcome of BCC in young adults was determined using records of all patients registered over 5 years ago and additional information from family doctors where required. Patients with BCC in naevus sebaceous or with syndromes of which BCCs are a feature were excluded. Median duration of BCC pre-diagnosis was 3 years. Of 39 patients with completed 5-year follow-up data, 21% had either incomplete excision requiring further early treatment (n = 4), a later local recurrence (n = 2), metastatic BCC (n = 1) or a subsequent further primary tumour (n = 1); an additional three patients had two primary tumours at initial presentation. Median hospital follow-up was 12 months but the apparent disease-free interval in patients with recurrent or new BCC was frequently over 2 years. BCC in young adults may not be suspected because it is uncommon. However, the high frequency of local recurrence and of multiple primary tumours indicates that careful follow-up is prudent in young patients with this tumour.
China aims to improve health of newborn by law
Authors: Y. Tsering
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Being a Tibetan woman with relatives in Tibet who are subject to China's population programme, I wish to respond to certain points in Richard Tomlinson's article on China's aims to improve the health of newborn infants by law.1 As evidenced in Aird's analysis Slaughter of the Innocents2 and …