tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Academic Family Medicine
Authors: Daniel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Academic family medicine has no greater ally than Edmund D. Pellegrino, MD. But his critique on its viability (240:132, 1978) reflects a predominantly philosophic approach. Many of the questions raised either are answered incompletely or need further analysis. A pragmatist with 25 years of family practice and five years of academic experience would add the following pertinent and practical comments. A decade, a generation, or a professional lifetime of continuous and comprehensive care to a family unit is indeed family medicine's unique and special role in the care of patients. Academic family medicine needs no other to demonstrate its worth. But the opportunity for exposure of students to taste this sweet fruit and appreciate the concept is not easily provided in those formative years. And the package (ambulatory unit) is almost as important as the content. Exposure is more difficult to perceive if rendered in the midst
Combined T and B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
Authors: D. G. Haegert, J. C. Cawley, A. Karpas, A. H. Goldstone
Journal: BMJ (1974)

A case of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a 17-year-old male is described. The patient had many distinctive features including a very high blast cell count, prominent lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, thymic mass, and a fulminant clinical course. Immunological studies on the blast cells using a variety of techniques showed the presence of two distinct subpopulations, one having the surface characteristics of thymus-dependent (T) lymphoid cells and the other those of bursa-equivalent (B) lymphoid cells. The case therefore represents the first example of a combined T and B cell acute leukaemia.
Effects of the free radical generating system FeCl3/ADP on reperfusion arrhythmias of rat hearts and electrical activity of canine Purkinje fibres
Authors: A. Bril, L. Rochette, A. Verry, V. Maupoil, R. Y K Man, L. H Opie
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

The aim was to evaluate the arrhythmogenic effect of a free radical generating system, FeCl3/ADP using two different approaches.Ventricular arrhythmias were studied in isolated rat hearts subjected to regional ischaemia and reperfusion without or with simultaneous treatment with nicergoline (0.4 mg.litre-1). In the second part of this study the electrophysiological effects of FeCl3/ADP (0.1/1.0 microM) were investigated in normal Purkinje fibres and in Purkinje fibres from dog surviving infarction, by using conventional microelectrode method.Hearts were obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats, weight 250-300 g. Purkinje fibres were dissected from hearts of mongrel dogs of either sex (10-15 kg) with or without prior myocardial infarction.FeCl3/ADP (0.1/1.0 microM and 1.0/1.0 microM respectively) weakly changed the incidence of reperfusion induced arrhythmias. In nicergoline pretreated hearts, in which the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias was reduced, FeCl3/ADP (0.1/1.0 microM and 1.0/1.0 microM) did not change the incidence and the duration of reperfusion arrhythmias. In normal Purkinje fibres, FeCl3/ADP (0.1/1.0 microM) induced a decrease in action potential duration without any pronounced effect on Vmax, diastolic potential, and activation potential. In Purkinje fibres from post infarct myocardium, FeCl3/ADP decreased action potential duration, diastolic potential, and activation potential.Free radical generation did not antagonise the antiarrhythmic activity of alpha adrenergic blockade. Free radical generation induced slow and minor changes in electrophysiological activity of Purkinje fibres both from normal and ischaemic hearts. Our data suggest that free radical generation may not be the only mechanism involved in the genesis of reperfusion arrhythmias.
Effect of Fasting or a Ketogenic Diet on Gross Body Composition in Obesity.
Authors: Fred L. Benoit
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Effect of Fasting or a Ketogenic Diet on Gross Body Composition in Obesity.Fred L. Benoit, Robert L. Martin, Raymond H. WattenFred L. BenoitSearch for more papers by this author, Robert L. MartinSearch for more papers by this author, Raymond H. WattenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1075_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough extensive evaluation of fasting for weight reduction in obesity has been reported, the changes in gross body composition that accompany fasting have not been noted, nor have such changes been compared to those obtained with dietary reducing programs. Therefore, seven obese males (mean weight, 115.6 kg) were studied on a metabolic balance ward while fasting for 10 days and while on a 1,000 calorie, 80% fat diet. In addition to the usual nitrogen, potassium, and sodium balances, changes in the total body potassium40(K40) content was assessed using a heavily shielded, whole body spectrometer. From the latter measurement the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Fred L. Benoit; Robert L. Martin; Raymond H. WattenAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1075-1076KeywordsBody weightDietFatsObesityOverweightPotassiumSodiumWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Alternation in the Coronary Blood Flow Velocity Pattern in Patients With No Reflow and Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Katsuomi Iwakura, Hiroshi Ito, Shin Takiuchi, Yoshiaki Taniyama, Yoshiaki Nakatsuchi, Shinji Negoro, Yorihiko Higashino, Atsunori Okamura, Tohru Masuyama, Masatsugu Hori, Kenshi Fujii, Takazo Minamino
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that myocardial ischemia often damages the coronary microvasculature (“no-reflow” phenomenon). In this study, we examined the effect of this phenomenon on the coronary blood flow velocity pattern in patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results We measured coronary blood flow velocity after coronary angioplasty in 42 patients with acute myocardial infarction using a Doppler guidewire. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was also performed before and after angioplasty. Thirty-one patients showed good contrast reperfusion (MCE reflow), whereas the other 11 showed no reflow (MCE no reflow). Peak velocity and duration of systolic coronary flow were significantly less in patients with MCE no reflow than in those with MCE reflow (8±4 versus 17±10 cm/s and 207±79 versus 289±55 ms, respectively; P &lt;.01). Early systolic retrograde flow was frequently observed in patients with MCE no reflow, whereas it was observed in only 1 patient among those with MCE reflow (95% versus 3%; P &lt;.001). Although peak diastolic flow velocity was similar between the two subsets, diastolic deceleration rate was significantly higher in patients with MCE no reflow than in those with MCE reflow (107±76 versus 56±31 cm/s 2 ; P &lt;.01). Conclusions The coronary flow velocity pattern in patients with the no-reflow phenomenon was characterized by the appearance of systolic retrograde flow, diminished systolic antegrade flow, and rapid deceleration of diastolic flow. Thus, the Doppler guidewire allows us to assess the presence of microvascular dysfunction in AMI.
The immunobiology of colitis and cholangitis in interleukin-23p19 and interleukin-17a deleted dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor type ii mice
Authors: Yugo Ando, Guo-Xiang Yang, Masanobu Tsuda, Kazuhito Kawata, Weici Zhang, Takahiko Nakajima, Koichi Tsuneyama, Patrick Leung, Zhe-Xiong Lian, Kazuichi Okazaki, William M. Ridgway, Gary L. Norman, Aftab A. Ansari, Xiao-Song He, Ross L. Coppel, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Dominant negative form of transforming growth factor beta receptor type II (dnTGFβRII) mice, expressing a dominant negative form of TGFβ receptor II under control of the CD4 promoter, develop autoimmune colitis and cholangitis. Deficiency in interleukin (IL)-12p40 lead to a marked diminution of inflammation in both the colon and the liver. To distinguish whether IL-12p40 mediates protection by the IL-12 or IL-23 pathways, we generated an IL-23p19(-/-) dnTGFβRII strain deficient in IL-23, but not in IL-12; mice were longitudinally followed for changes in the natural history of disease and immune responses. Interestingly, IL-23p19(-/-) mice demonstrate dramatic improvement in their colitis, but no changes in biliary pathology; mice also manifest reduced T-helper (Th)17 cell populations and unchanged IFN-γ levels. We submit that the IL-12/Th1 pathway is essential for biliary disease pathogenesis, whereas the IL-23/Th17 pathway mediates colitis. To further assess the mechanism of the IL-23-mediated protection from colitis, we generated an IL-17A(-/-) dnTGFβRII strain deficient in IL-17, a major effector cytokine produced by IL-23-dependent Th17 cells. Deletion of the IL-17A gene did not affect the severity of either cholangitis or colitis, suggesting that the IL-23/Th17 pathway contributes to colon disease in an IL-17-independent manner. These results affirm that the IL-12/Th1 pathway is critical to biliary pathology in dnTGFβRII mice, whereas colitis is caused by a direct effect of IL-23.
High-Frequency Targetable <i>EGFR</i> Mutations in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinomas Arising from Inverted Sinonasal Papilloma
Authors: Aaron M. Udager, Delphine C.M. Rolland, Jonathan B. McHugh, Bryan L. Betz, Carlos Murga-Zamalloa, Thomas E. Carey, Lawrence J. Marentette, Mario A. Hermsen, Kathleen E. DuRoss, Megan S. Lim, Kojo S.J. Elenitoba-Johnson, Noah A. Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Inverted sinonasal papilloma (ISP) is a locally aggressive neoplasm associated with sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) in 10% to 25% of cases. To date, no recurrent mutations have been identified in ISP or SNSCC. Using targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing, we identified activating EGFR mutations in 88% of ISP and 77% of ISP-associated SNSCC. Identical EGFR genotypes were found in matched pairs of ISP and associated SNSCC, providing the first genetic evidence of a biologic link between these tumors. EGFR mutations were not identified in exophytic or oncocytic papillomas or non-ISP-associated SNSCC, suggesting that the ISP/SNSCC spectrum is biologically distinct among sinonasal squamous tumors. Patients with ISP harboring EGFR mutations also exhibited an increased progression-free survival compared with those with wild-type EGFR. Finally, treatment of ISP-associated carcinoma cells with irreversible EGFR inhibitors resulted in inactivation of EGFR signaling and growth inhibition. These findings implicate a prominent role for activating EGFR mutations in the pathogenesis of ISP and associated SNSCC and rationalize consideration of irreversible EGFR inhibitors in the therapy of these tumors.
Tertiary Structure-Function Analysis Reveals the Pathogenic Signaling Potentiation Mechanism of Helicobacter pylori Oncogenic Effector CagA
Authors: Takeru Hayashi, Miki Senda, Hiroko Morohashi, Hideaki Higashi, Masafumi Horio, Yui Kashiba, Lisa Nagase, Daisuke Sasaya, Tomohiro Shimizu, Nagarajan Venugopalan, Hiroyuki Kumeta, Nobuo N. Noda, Fuyuhiko Inagaki, Toshiya Senda, Masanori Hatakeyama
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
HSPH1 inhibition downregulates Bcl-6 and c-Myc and hampers the growth of human aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Roberta Zappasodi, Giusi Ruggiero, Carla Guarnotta, Monica Tortoreto, Cristina Tringali, Alessandra Cavanè, Antonello D. Cabras, Lorenzo Castagnoli, Bruno Venerando, Nadia Zaffaroni, Alessandro M. Gianni, Filippo De Braud, Claudio Tripodo, Serenella M. Pupa, Massimo Di Nicola
Journal: Blood (2015)
Is English liability catching up?
Authors: R. P. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence of IgE antibodies to extensively purified Hev b13 and Hev b2 in natural rubber latex (NRL) allergic patients*1
Authors: T. Palosuo, M. Lehto, A. Kotovuori, N. Kalkkinen, H. Alenius, T. Reunala, K. Turjanmaa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Oral acyclovir for herpes zoster: a double-blind controlled trial in normal subjects
Authors: S. W. WASSILEW, S. REIMLINGER, T. NASEMANN, D. JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Sixty immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster of various dermatomes were treated 5 times a day for 5 days with either acyclovir at a dose of 400 mg or placebo. Acyclovir was shown to reduce significantly the time to full crusting (P= 0.02). There were also trends in favour of acyclovir for time to first dry vesicle and time to first day without macules or papules, but these were not statistically significant. There were no differences between the groups in the occurrence of adverse events or postherpetic neuralgia.
Taylor's Principles and Practice of Medical Jurisprudence
Authors: S. M. RABSON
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The standards of forensic medicine and of medical jurisprudence (the terms are not synonymous) are not genuinely tested by investigation of a natural death, but rather by what happens when someone in high place meets a violent end. Those standards are sometimes pitifully weak in this country.  It is unlikely that a comparable medicolegal weakness would occur in England, thanks, in part, to Taylor, whose 12th, and centenary edition, appeared last year. As its title states, this is not a work in forensic pathology, although pages are devoted to aspects of that field, nor is it a treatise on criminology. It is, as the editor proudly remarks in the preface, firmly established as the work of ultimate reference in Courts of Law, designed to assist legal officers and medicolegal officials in pursuit of their duties, with special reference to English customs, practice, regulations, and laws.  In its coverage, Taylor ranges
Dose-dependent fate of vinyl chloride and its possible relationship to oncogenicity in rats.
Authors: P G Watanabe, P J Gehring
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Studies on the fate of 14C-labeled vinyl chloride (VC) following oral administration and inhalation exposure in rats demonstrated that the disposition of VC in the body is a function of the dose. More importantly, from the data available, it appears that a correlation exists between doses of VC which cause tumors and those that saturate metabolic or detoxifying pathways. Additional studies characterized the depression of liver non-protein sulfhydryl content (primarily GSH) with the duration and concentration of exposure to VC. The results of these investigations indicate that statistical projections utilizing data collected from rats exposed to high doses of VC are invalid for predicting the hazard of low level exposure, because such projections violate a priori assumption that the dynamics governing the fate of VC in the body are unaltered.
A New Approach to Teaching Ambulatory Medicine
Authors: Charles H. Rammelkamp, Edward M. Chester
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

TRADITIONALLY, emphasis on clinical teaching in medical schools and hospitals is centered around the inpatient services where acutely ill patients, frequently in the terminal stages of illness, and others, afflicted with rare diseases, receive care. Less time and effort are directed toward teaching and investigation in the outpatient clinic. That the patient admitted to many university hospitals presents problems not commonly observed by the practicing physician is emphasized by the studies of White et al.,1 who found that in a population of 1000 adults, 750 will experience an illness in an average month. Of this number, 250 will consult a . . .
Hypophosphataemia after parathyroidectomy in chronic renal failure.
Authors: K Farrington, Z Varghese, R A Baillod, O N Fernando, J F Moorhead
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Out of 24 patients receiving haemodialysis who were subjected to parathyroidectomy, 13 developed hypophosphataemia; this persisted for 3-52 weeks (mean 10.6 weeks). Before operation these 13 patients had had significantly higher plasma alkaline phosphatase activities (p less than 0.01) and significantly higher values in iliac crest bone biopsy samples for active resorption surface and active formation surface (p less than 0.05 in each case) than the group who remained normophosphataemic. Significantly more of the patients who remained normophosphataemic had shown periarticular calcification in preoperative skeletal radiographs (p less than 0.001). Hypophosphataemia may result from reduced mobilisation of phosphate from bone or its increased accretion into bone, and resorption of phosphate from periarticular mineral deposits may protect against development.
An insider's guide to depression
Authors: K. McKall
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Iwonder if you are as inept and uncomfortable at handling depressed patients as I am. Or as I formerly was, before I found myself the unwilling occupant of a psychiatrist's couch, a couch it seems to me I've barely left in the past five years, apart from comfort stops and cups of tea. Thus did I become the reluctant insider of the title.

> Refuse to see us as the useless rejects that we think we are 

In the course of obtaining this superb basic and advanced training in depression, I've become sensitive to mistakes that other doctors make when managing me, and I have translated those mistakes into corrections in how I myself manage people with depression. The point of this article is to share these with you.

Although I have bipolar affective disorder, I continue to function successfully as a general practitioner, albeit stuffed to the eyeballs with medication. My partners and a large proportion of my patients know my hideous secret, but I still seem to be here, dishing …
Joan Frieda Trevelyan (nee Scott)
Authors: K. Somers
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Background:</h3> Population monitoring and surveillance of objectively measured child weight data in Canada is limited to national surveys with poor regional applicability, and no healthy weight data are available for children less than 2 years of age. We aimed to determine the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity using objective measures derived from primary care electronic medical records. <h3>Methods:</h3> Observational data included all height and weight records for children less than 20 years of age, between 2004 and 2013, from 3 Ontario primary care research networks. We calculated body mass index (BMI)-for-age and weight-for-length using the World Health Organization Growth Standards and Reference to assign growth status indicator categories by age group. Descriptive data and prevalence estimates were generated for 2013. We also compared weight-for-length for children less than 2 years of age with a corresponding billing code for known well-child visits. <h3>Results:</h3> Our study included 8261 children with a corresponding growth status indicator, a sample close to 4 times larger than the national survey sample. In 2013, 28.4% of children aged 5-19 years, and 6% of children aged 0-5 years, were categorized as overweight or obese. Between 2008 and 2013, the total number of 18-month well baby visit billing codes was 1152; 6.9% of this group were categorized as overweight or obese; 19.2% were categorized as having risk of overweight. <h3>Interpretation:</h3> Primary care electronic medical records show good potential for ongoing population monitoring of overweight and obesity, particularly for very young children for whom early intervention is likely to show the greatest positive health impact.
Emergency cooling doesn't improve outcomes in children with cardiac arrest, study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Therapeutic hypothermia, in which the whole body is cooled, does not improve survival or reduce brain injury any more than normal temperature control in infants and children who have had a cardiac arrest out of hospital, shows a study reported in the New England Journal of Medicine .1

Whole body cooling has been shown to improve survival in comatose adults after cardiac arrest and to improve outcomes in neonates with …
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: New Theories and an Old Remedy
Authors: David A. Cramer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 February 1998Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection: New Theories and an Old RemedyDavid A. Cramer, MDDavid A. Cramer, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00056 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Why so many women are disposed to recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) remains an enduring urologic mystery. An estimated 10% to 20% of adult women will have at least one acute UTI during their lifetimes; these infections account for approximately 5 million office visits each year. In a study of 179 Finnish women with past episodes of cystitis caused by Escherichia coli, nearly half had one or more recurrences within 1 year of follow-up. Further, one in every three recurrences was caused by the index strain (Clin Infect Dis. 1996; 22:91-9).Reinfection may result from a defect in local defenses. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David A. Cramer, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe promoter region (G-800A and C-509T) polymorphisms of transforming growth factor-β1 gene among young women with recurrent urinary tract infectionUrinary tract infection in womenCommon errors in diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection. II: Clinical managementAntibiotic selection for urinary tract infection: New microbiologic considerationsEfficacy and local tolerability of povidone iodine and octenidine hydrochloride solution for the antiseptic preparation of the orificium urethrae 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 333-334KeywordsAntibioticsAntibodiesAntimicrobialsBladderCellsImmunityUrinary tract infectionsUrineVaccines ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...