tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PD07-01: Sequential Treatment with Epirubicin/Cyclophosphamide, Followed by Docetaxel vs. FEC120 in the Adjuvant Treatment of Breast Cancer Patients with Extensive Lymph Node Involvement: Final Survival Analysis of the German ADEBAR Phase III Study.
Authors: WJ Janni, N Harbeck, H Sommer, B Rack, J Salmen, D Augustin, W Simon, J Jueckstock, A Wischnik, K Anneke, C Melcher, K Friese, M Kiechle
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Based on meta-analytic evidence, taxane containing adjuvant chemotherapy has been established as standard treatment in node-positive breast cancer. However, in the MA-21 study, adriamycin-cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel (AC-P) was significantly inferior to the gold standard of anthracycline treatment, FEC120 (Burnell, SABCS 2006). We prospectively compared a sequential epirubicin-docetaxel chemotherapy regimen to FEC120. Patients and Methods: The ADEBAR study was a multicenter phase III trial (n=1502) to evaluate whether breast cancer (BC) pts with &amp;gt; 3 axillary lymph node metastases benefit from a sequential anthracycline-docetaxel regimen (E90C-D: 4 cycles epirubicin [E] 90 mg/m2 plus cyclophosphamide [C] 600 mg/m2 q21 days followed by 4 cycles docetaxel [D] 100mg/m2 q21 days) compared to dose-intensive anthracycline-containing polychemotherapy (FE120C: 6 cycles E 60 mg/m2 d 1+8, 5-FU 500mg/m2 d 1+8 and C 75 mg/m2 d 1–14, q4 weeks). The median follow-up time will be 60 months. Results: Treatment was stopped prematurely in 3.7% of the pts in the E90C-D arm and in 8.0% in the FE120C arm due to toxicity (p=0.0009). Antibiotic treatment was given in 10.4% (E90C-D) vs. 19.7% (FE120C), G-CSF support in 39.2% vs 61.4% and erythropoietin stimulation in 8.7% vs. 20.0%, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.0001). Haematological toxicity (leucopenia, neutropenic fever, thrombocytopenia, anemia) was significantly higher in the FE120C-arm. Mature final 5-year-survival data will be presented at the SABCS meeting 2011. Conclusion: Different toxicity profiles given, hematological toxicity in the FE120C group was more severe than in the E90C-D. Mature survival data will be discussed in this context. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD07-01.
Environmental Conditions and Body Temperatures of Elderly Women Living Alone or in Local Authority Home
Authors: C. B. Salvosa, P. R. Payne, E. F. Wheeler
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The environmental and body temperatures of two groups of elderly women have been measured. One group was living in a local authority home (L.A.H.) and the others in their own homes in North London. The L.A.H. provided a constant environmental temperature which was at all times higher than that of the private houses. In the latter group the ambient temperature was higher in bed-sitting rooms than in houses with separate living rooms and bedrooms.Body temperatures in summer were similar throughout both groups. In winter the skin and mouth temperatures of the subjects living independently were lower than those in the L.A.H.Four subjects who had low mouth temperatures measured during two consecutive winters did not prove to have lowered deep body temperatures. The diet of these four subjects was similar in respect of all nutrients to that found in other groups of subjects of the same age, and in relation to published dietary standards was adequate in all respects.
Differentiating Dysplastic Nevi From Melanoma-Reply
Authors: Margaret A. Tucker
Journal: JAMA (1997)

As Dr Whitmore notes, for any individual pigmented lesion on the skin, the final diagnosis can only be made after biopsy of the lesion. Clinically diagnosed dysplastic nevi span a continuum from minimally abnormal nevi that barely fulfill criteria for diagnosis of dysplastic nevi to markedly abnormal nevi that cannot clinically be distinguished from early melanoma and need to be biopsied to rule out either in situ or invasive melanoma. At either end of the spectrum, the clinical diagnosis is difficult. In selecting the photographs, we chose representative samples of all of the types of nevi (in the middle of the spectrum clinically). Patients with florid dysplastic nevi may have many, sometimes hundreds, of abnormal-appearing nevi. At the time of initial examination, of course, any lesion that is suspicious for melanoma should be removed. Removal of all unusual-appearing nevi is not recommended, however, because (1) the chance of any 1
A View on the Room
Authors: Diana Anderson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT GROWTHS
Authors: JOSEPH C. BLOODGOOD
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Before any surgical treatment for a cutaneous growth is planned or carried out there must be an accurate diagnosis. I cannot go into the details of such diagnosis for the different lesions, but I wish to emphasize in the beginning of this discussion the importance of a definite diagnosis. In some instances the diagnosis can be made from the clinical appearance of the visible cutaneous lesion. Palpation of the dermal or epidermal tumor should always be combined with careful inspection, and in many cases the recognition of carcinoma is possible by palpation when inspection leaves a doubt in the surgeon's mind.  When the diagnosis is impossible or doubtful from the clinical history, combined with inspection and palpation, a surgeon who has the requisite special training can differentiate the various pathologic processes by making an incision and thus exposing to the naked eye the freshly cut lesion. The operation follows immediately.
The Washington Manual of Medical Therapeutics
Authors: Ruric Anderson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 January 1999The Washington Manual of Medical TherapeuticsRuric Anderson, MDRuric Anderson, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail 29th edition. Washington University Department of Medicine. 621 pages. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1998. $37.95. ISBN 0781715954. Order phone 800-777-2295.Field of medicine: Internal medicine.Format: Spiralbound book.Audience: House officers, students, and practicing clinicians who require information on common medical problems.Purpose: To serve as a portable reference on medical therapeutics that presents a current, rational, and established approach to the diagnosis and treatment of common medical problems.Content: The approach to diagnosis and treatment is presented in an outline format organized generally by organ system and subspecialty area.Highlights: Now in its 29th edition, this manual is thorough and up ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 1Page: 87KeywordsAllergy and immunologyComputer softwareDrugsOutpatientsSub-specialty care ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 5 January 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide and Asthma
Authors: Sami I. Said
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Much has been learned in recent years about the mediators of airway constriction in bronchial asthma and about the immunologic reactions that trigger the release of those mediators. Despite these undeniable advances, the pathogenesis of the disease remains incompletely understood. One need only note the dozens of yearly conferences and monographs devoted to the subject to realize that major questions are still unanswered.The observations reported by Ollerenshaw et al. in this issue of the Journal 1 may provide some of the missing answers. The authors have pursued the hypothesis, first proposed in 1980,2 that biologically active vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) . . .
Sierra Leone's maternal health reforms fail to deliver free treatment, says Amnesty International
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Sierra Leone’s recent health reforms risk being undermined by serious weaknesses in the health system that often result in pregnant women being unable to get free treatment, says a new report by Amnesty International.

Despite important reforms begun over the past two years, including a free healthcare policy covering pregnancy and childbirth, the report warns that “the healthcare system is dysfunctional and much remains to be done.”

Health facilities are “often short of essential drugs and supplies,” says the report. “Disparities persist between rural and urban areas, the quality of care …
Dose-response Effect for Adrenal Suppression with Repeated Twice Daily Inhaled Fluticasone Propionate and Triamcinolone Acetonide in Adult Asthmatics
Authors: ANDREW M. WILSON, LESLEY C. McFARLANE, BRIAN J. LIPWORTH
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

A single blind randomized crossover trial was performed comparing placebo (PL); low (L), medium (M) and high (H) doses of fluticasone propionate (FP) L: 330 μ g, M: 770 μ g, H: 1,540 μ g per day and triamcinolone acetonide (TAA) L: 400 μ g, M: 800 μ g, H: 1,600 μ g per day. Each drug was given twice daily over a total of 9 d, with 3 d for each dose level. Each 9-d drug sequence was preceded by a 3-d placebo, and was separated by a 12-d washout period. Twelve mild-to-moderate, stable adult asthmatics, mean (SEM) age, 34.3 (2.9) yr, mean FEV1: 82.1 (2.0) % predicted, and FEF25–75%: 53.6 (5.5) % predicted, receiving up to 400 μ g of inhaled corticosteroid per day, were studied. After each 3-d treatment period, blood samples were taken for 8:00 a.m. serum cortisol. Ten-hour overnight urine collections were taken for measurement of urinary cortisol and corrected for creatinine excretion, starting at 10:00 p.m. following the sixth dose. For 8:00 a.m. serum cortisol compared with PL there was significant (p < 0.001) dose-related suppression with FP but not with TAA, which amounted to a 2.03-fold ratio for H FP versus H TAA. For corrected urinary cortisol/creatinine excretion, there was a significant (p < 0.005) dose-related suppression for FP but not for TAA. This amounted to a 1.9-fold ratio for H FP versus H TAA. For doses < 1,000 μ g/d, the number of individual results with an abnormal low urinary cortisol value ( < 10 nmol/10 h) were: 10/24 for FP versus 3/24 for TAA (p < 0.005). In conclusion, for 8:00 a.m. serum cortisol and overnight corrected urinary cortisol/creatinine excretion, there was significant dose-related suppression with FP but not with TAA. For both of these parameters at the highest dose of both drugs, this amounted to a two-fold ratio in suppression.
Replication of risk variants for psoriasis in a Southern European case–control study: correlation with clinical subphenotypes
Authors: S. Masouri, I. Stefanaki, K.P. Kypreou, E. Kodela, G. Bethimoutis, G. Ntritsos, E. Evangelou, A.J. Stratigos, C. Antoniou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)
Abortions in Spain fell for the first time in a decade in 2009
Authors: A. G. Rada
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The number of surgical abortions carried out in Spain fell in 2009 for the first time in a decade, the ministry of health announced. 

In 2009, there were 111 482 abortions in Spain, 3.7% less than in 2008. Since 1999, when the first statistical data first became available, the number of abortions has been rising year on year.

The Minister of Health Leire Pajin attributed the fall to the decision to allow pharmacies to dispense the emergency contraceptive pill …
Associations among Lead Dose Biomarkers, Uric Acid, and Renal Function in Korean Lead Workers
Authors: Virginia M. Weaver, Bernard G. Jaar, Brian S. Schwartz, Andrew C. Todd, Kyu-Dong Ahn, Sung-Soo Lee, Jiayu Wen, Patrick J. Parsons, Byung-Kook Lee
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

Recent research suggests that both uric acid and lead may be nephrotoxic at lower levels than previously recognized. We analyzed data from 803 current and former lead workers to determine whether lead biomarkers were associated with uric acid and whether previously reported associations between lead dose and renal outcomes were altered after adjustment for uric acid. Outcomes included uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, measured and calculated creatinine clearances, and urinary N-acetyl-ss-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and retinol-binding protein. Mean (+/- SD) uric acid, tibia lead, and blood lead levels were 4.8 +/- 1.2 mg/dL, 37.2 +/- 40.4 microg/g bone mineral, and 32.0 +/- 15.0 microg/dL, respectively. None of the lead measures (tibia, blood, and dimercaptosuccinic-acid-chelatable lead) was associated with uric acid, after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and alcohol use. However, when we examined effect modification by age on these relations, both blood and tibia lead were significantly associated (ss = 0.0111, p < 0.01 and ss = 0.0036, p = 0.04, respectively) in participants in the oldest age tertile. These associations decreased after adjustment for blood pressure and renal function, although blood lead remained significantly associated with uric acid (ss = 0.0156, p = 0.01) when the population was restricted to the oldest tertile of workers with serum creatinine greater than the median (0.86 mg/dL). Next, in models of renal function in all workers, uric acid was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with all renal outcomes except NAG. Finally, in the oldest tertile of workers, associations between lead dose and NAG were unchanged, but fewer associations between the lead biomarkers and the clinical renal outcomes remained significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) after adjustment for uric acid. In conclusion, our data suggest that older workers comprise a susceptible population for increased uric acid due to lead. Uric acid may be one, but not the only, mechanism for lead-related nephrotoxicity.
Evidence that serum calcium oxalate supersaturation is a consequence of oxalate retention in patients with chronic renal failure.
Authors: E M Worcester, Y Nakagawa, D A Bushinsky, F L Coe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

Serum oxalate rises in uremia because of decreased renal clearance, and crystals of calcium oxalate occur in the tissues of uremic patients. Crystal formation suggests that either uremic serum is supersaturated with calcium oxalate, or local oxalate production or accumulation causes regional supersaturation. To test the first alternative, we ultrafiltered uremic serum and measured supersaturation with two different methods previously used to study supersaturation in urine. First, the relative saturation ratio (RSR), the ratio of the dissolved calcium oxalate complex to the thermodynamic calcium oxalate solubility product, was estimated for 11 uremic (before and after dialysis) and 4 normal serum samples using a computer program. Mean ultrafiltrate oxalate predialysis was 89 +/- 8 microM/liter (+/- SEM), 31 +/- 4 postdialysis, and 10 +/- 3 in normals. Mean RSR was 1.7 +/- 0.1 (predialysis), 0.7 +/- 0.1 (postdialysis), and 0.2 +/- 0.1 (normal), where values greater than 1 denote supersaturation, less than 1, undersaturation. Second, the concentration product ratio (CPR), the ratio of the measured calcium oxalate concentration product before to that after incubation of the sample with calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal, was measured in seven uremic and seven normal serum ultrafiltrates. Mean oxalate was 91 +/- 11 (uremic) and 8 +/- 3 (normal). Mean CPR was 1.4 +/- 0.2 (uremic) and 0.2 +/- 0.1 (normal). Predialysis, 17 of 18 uremic ultrafiltrates were supersaturated with respect to calcium oxalate. The degree of supersaturation was correlated with ultrafiltrate oxalate (RSR, r = 0.99, r = 29, P less than 0.001; CPR, r = 0.75, n = 11, P less than 0.001). A value of ultrafiltrate oxalate of 50 microM/liter separated undersaturated from supersaturated samples and occurred at a creatinine of approximately 9.0 mg/dl.
Ischemic Pre-Conditioning Enhances the Mobilization and Recruitment of Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Protect Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Late Phase
Authors: Takahiro Kamota, Tao-Sheng Li, Noriyasu Morikage, Masanori Murakami, Mako Ohshima, Masayuki Kubo, Toshiro Kobayashi, Akihito Mikamo, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Masunori Matsuzaki, Kimikazu Hamano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Effective Treatment for Paraquat Poisoning in Rats and its Relevance to Treatment of Paraquat Poisoning in Man
Authors: L. L. Smith, A. Wright, I. Wyatt, M. S. Rose
Journal: BMJ (1974)

After oral administration of a lethal dose of paraquat to rats the plasma concentration remained relatively constant over four to 30 hours and was related to the paraquat content of the small intestine over the first 16 hours. During the first 30 hours the concentration of paraquat in the lung rose progressively above that of the plasma to levels which are known to cause pulmonary damage. A treatment has been devised which prevents the absorption of paraquat into the plasma and prevents accumulation of paraquat in the lung. This treatment consists of a stomach was followed by four administrations of bentonite plus purgatives at two- to three-hour intervals. Even when treatment was delayed until 10 hours after administration of paraquat 80% survival was obtained. The relevance of this treatment to paraquat poisoning in man is discussed in the light of the finding that slices of human lung accumulate paraquat in the same way as those of rat lung.
Regulation of T cell receptor expression in immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes by p56lck tyrosine kinase: basis for differential signaling by CD4 and CD8 in immature thymocytes expressing both coreceptor molecules.
Authors: D L Wiest, L Yuan, J Jefferson, P Benveniste, M Tsokos, R D Klausner, L H Glimcher, L E Samelson, A Singer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Signals transduced through the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) are modulated by the src family tyrosine kinase p56lck (lck), which associates in mature T cells with the coreceptor molecules CD4 and CD8. Here we describe a novel function of lck in immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes, that of regulating TCR expression. Activation of lck in immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes by intrathymic engagement of CD4 maintains low TCR expression by causing most TCR components to be retained and degraded within the endoplasmic reticulum. Importantly, activation of lck in immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes results from engagement of surface CD4 molecules, but not surface CD8 molecules, despite the nearly fourfold greater surface expression of CD8 than CD4. The competence of CD4 to activate lck in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes relates to the fact that a relatively large fraction of surface CD4 molecules (25-50%) are associated with intracellular lck molecules, whereas only 2% of surface CD8 molecules are associated with lck. The amount of lck associated with CD4 in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes is diminished by chronic CD4 engagement in the thymus, as activated lck molecules subsequently dissociate from CD4. Indeed, the amount of lck associated with CD4 in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes is markedly increased in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II- mice that lack the intrathymic ligand for CD4 and in which surface CD4 molecules are consequently not engaged. Thus, the present study demonstrates that (a) activation of lck in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes regulates distribution and expression of TCR components; (b) unlike CD4 molecules, CD8 molecules on CD4+CD8+ thymocytes cannot efficiently activate lck despite their significantly greater surface expression; and (c) the amount of lck associated with CD4 in the CD4+CD8+ thymocytes is inversely related to the extent of CD4 engagement by MHC class II molecules in the thymus.
Regulatory T Cells Protect Mice Against Coxsackievirus-Induced Myocarditis Through the Transforming Growth Factor β–Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptor Pathway
Authors: Yu Shi, Masahiro Fukuoka, Guohua Li, Youan Liu, Manyin Chen, Michael Konviser, Xin Chen, Mary Anne Opavsky, Peter P. Liu
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Coxsackievirus B3 infection is an excellent model of human myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac injury is caused either by a direct cytopathic effect of the virus or through immune-mediated mechanisms. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in the negative modulation of host immune responses and set the threshold of autoimmune activation. This study was designed to test the protective effects of Tregs and to determine the underlying mechanisms.Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester-labeled Tregs or naïve CD4(+) T cells were injected intravenously once every 2 weeks 3 times into mice. The mice were then challenged with intraperitoneal coxsackievirus B3 immediately after the last cell transfer. Transfer of Tregs showed higher survival rates than transfer of CD4(+) T cells (P=0.0136) but not compared with the PBS injection group (P=0.0589). Interestingly, Tregs also significantly decreased virus titers and inflammatory scores in the heart. Transforming growth factor-beta and phosphorylated AKT were upregulated in Tregs-transferred mice and coxsackie-adenovirus receptor expression was decreased in the heart compared with control groups. Transforming growth factor-beta decreased coxsackie-adenovirus receptor expression and inhibited coxsackievirus B3 infection in HL-1 cells and neonatal cardiac myocytes. Splenocytes collected from Treg-, CD4(+) T-cell-, and PBS-treated mice proliferated equally when stimulated with heat-inactivated virus, whereas in the Treg group, the proliferation rate was reduced significantly when stimulated with noninfected heart tissue homogenate.Adoptive transfer of Tregs protected mice from coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis through the transforming growth factor beta-coxsackie-adenovirus receptor pathway and thus suppresses the immune response to cardiac tissue, maintaining the antiviral immune response.
TCT-282 Feasibility and Safety of Transradial Coronary Intervention Using 6.5 French Sheathless Guiding Catheter during ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (STEACS) in Patients with Small Radial Artery: A Multi Center Registry.
Authors: Radi Cheaito, Hakim Benamer, Bernard Chevalier, Youssef Derraz, Philippe Garot, Fouad Hage, Thomas Hovasse, Thierry Lefevre, Yves Louvard, Marie-Claude Morice, Thierry Unterseeh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)