tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Ureteral Obstruction Due to Endometriosis
Authors: Howard B. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ENDOMETRIOSIS may be defined as the occurrence of endometrial-like tissue in locations other than the uterus. There are 3 principal theories regarding the pathogenesis of this disease: embryonic, metaplastic, and migratory.<sup>1</sup>The first explains the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue as originating from inactive embryonic nests derived from remnants of either wolffian or mullerian ducts. The metaplastic theory postulates that the endothelial cells of the peritoneum, as a result of hormonal, traumatic, or inflammatory stimulation, are capable of undergoing metaplasia and assuming the character of endometrium. Proponents of the migratory theory maintain that endometriosis always originates from uterine endometrium as a result of spilling or implantation. Escape may be by way of the fallopian tubes into the peritoneal cavity, or cells may be transported by way of lymphatic or blood vessels, and, less frequently, by surgical trauma. Endometriosis may involve the ureter by extraluminal compression from overlying peritoneal disease
Care after Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Mary E. Charlson, O. Wayne Isom
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

A 71-year-old woman who had a myocardial infarction five years previously and underwent coronary-artery bypass surgery six months ago visits a primary care physician. She had no complications after surgery, but intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed a grade V atheroma in the descending aorta. She has no cardiac or neurologic symptoms but notes that she feels depressed and has difficulty concentrating. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is 128 mg per deciliter, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level is 40 mg per deciliter, and the triglyceride level is 200 mg per deciliter. What should the physician advise to improve her long-term outcome?
Topical Tenofovir, a Microbicide Effective against HIV, Inhibits Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Replication
Authors: Graciela Andrei, Andrea Lisco, Christophe Vanpouille, Andrea Introini, Emanuela Balestra, Joost van den Oord, Tomas Cihlar, Carlo-Federico Perno, Robert Snoeck, Leonid Margolis, Jan Balzarini
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Drug policy debate is needed
Authors: I. T. Gilmore
Journal: BMJ (2012)

To deal with the public health consequences of the criminalisation of drug use 

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the signing of the International Opium Convention, the first legal instrument on international drug control. In recent weeks the 55th session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs—the policy setting body of the United Nations on drug control matters that is composed of 53 member states—was held in Vienna.1 It adopted 12 resolutions, including ones on the treatment, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of drug dependent prisoners, treatment as an alternative to imprisonment, and the prevention of death from overdose. Yury Fedotov, executive director of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, emphasised the prioritisation of the health agenda, stating: “At present, the balance between our work on the supply and demand sides stays firmly in favour of the supply side. We must restore the balance. Prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, reintegration, and health have to be recognised as key elements in our strategy.”2
Most community mental health patients are happy with care but more want talking therapy
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Three quarters of community mental health patients surveyed by the Healthcare Commission described their care as excellent, very good, or good, a report from the commission said this week. Thirteen per cent said it was fair and 9% described it as poor or very poor.

The findings were the result of the fifth annual survey of service users in England. More than 14 000 people took part, a 35% response rate.

But despite the high level of satisfaction, the commission said that access to counselling services, such as talking therapies, needed to be improved. Of the 62% of service users who did not receive any counselling, a third would have liked to.

The survey invited feedback …
Plasma Cofactors of Platelet Function: Correlation with Diabetic Retinopathy and Hemoglobins A<sub>la-c</sub>
Authors: BARRY S. COLLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

We studied 29 diabetic patients (eight without and 21 with retinopathy) and 29 matched control subjects for hemoglobins Ala-c and plasma levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII/von Willebrand factor antigen. Hemoglobins Ala-c were elevated in all diabetic patients, regardless of retinopathy (P < 0.001); fibrinogen was elevated only in those with retinopathy (P < 0.001); and plasma von Willebrand factor was clearly elevated in those with proliferative retinopathy and minimally, if at all, elevated in those with background or no retinopathy. Plasma from five diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy and five control subjects was tested for its ability to enhance the ADP-induced platelet aggregation of normal or von Willebrand platelet-rich plasma; no differences were found. We conclude that elevated levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor, both recognized plasma cofactors of platelet function, are associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. A plasma factor that enhances ADP-induced platelet aggregation could not be found in diabetic plasma, and we doubt that increased von Willebrand factor is responsible for its finding by others.
P73. Functional characterisation of HBV-specific T cell receptors for redirection of T cells against HBV infected hepatocytes
Authors: K Krebs, K Metzger, L Weigand, C Dargel, E Kieback, W Uckert, D Busch, A Krackhardt, U Protzer
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Chronic HBV infection, which is accompanied by a weak and oligoclonal T cell response, is the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current antiviral therapies do not eliminate the virus, but T cell therapy will very likely do so. From PBMCs of two HLA-A2+ acutely
Prevalence of antibody indicating Lyme disease in farmers in Wigtownshire.
Authors: A. G. Baird, J. C. Gillies, F. J. Bone, B. A. Dale, N. T. Miscampbell
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Details of disease and treatment in 10 children with Wilms' tumour diagnosed in 1980-2 who were overtreated Prognosis Dose of Chemotherapy based on radiotherapy Case Clinical histological postoperatively Duration No stage appearance (cGy) Drugs given (months)P>O-1).
The effect of serum lipids and oxidized low-density lipoprotein of supplementing self-selected low-fat diets with soluble-fiber, soy, and vegetable protein foods
Authors: David J.A. Jenkins, Cyril W.C. Kendall, Edward Vidgen, Christine C. Mehling, Tina Parker, Hilda Seyler, Dorothea Faulkner, Marcella Garsetti, Larry C. Griffin, Sanjiv Agarwal, A. Venket Rao, Stephen C. Cunnane, Mary Ann Ryan, Philip W. Connelly, Lawrence A. Leiter, Vladimir Vuksan, Robert Josse
Journal: Metabolism (2000)
Use of Animals in Medical Education
Authors: Murry J. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —There is serious doubt as to whether animal laboratories are truly essential to teach physiology and pharmacology in medical schools, despite a recent American Medical Association (AMA) report stating that they are.<sup>1</sup>Essential is defined as<i>of the utmost importance, indispensable, or necessary</i>. If basic science animal laboratories were truly essential, one would expect<i>all</i>medical schools to use and require them. However, a 1988 survey revealed a widely disparate pattern of both animal use and alternative substitution in basic science laboratories.<sup>2</sup>A recent communication from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) revealed that approximately 25% of medical schools no longer use animal laboratories for medical students (D. E. Kelly, PhD, associate vice president for biomedical research, AAMC, Washington, DC, written commmunication, March 21-22,1991), and it may be that only a small percentage of those US medical schools that<i>do</i>offer animal laboratories continue to
Oral Contraceptives and Glucose Tolerance
Authors: PHILIP D. HANSTEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 September 1970Oral Contraceptives and Glucose TolerancePHILIP D. HANSTEN, PHARM, D.PHILIP D. HANSTEN, PHARM, D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-3-492_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his discussion on the mechanism of the impaired glucose tolerance that may follow use of oral contraceptives (Ann Intern Med72:409-418, 1970), Dr. Elgee mentions the possibility that some interaction with adrenocorticoid metabolism may be involved. In support of this possibility Spangler and associates (1) have recently presented evidence that estrogen administration can markedly reduce corticoid requirements in patients with inflammatory skin disease. They propose that the estrogen-induced increase in cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) may reduce the normally rapid metabolism of hydrocortisone, with the CBG-hydrocortisone complex acting as a depot of slowly metabolized corticoid. Endogenous adrenocorticoids could...Reference1. SPANGLERANTONIADESSOTMAN AHS: Enhancement of the anti-inflammatory action of hydrocortisone by estrogen. J Clin Endocr 29:650-655, 1969 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Drug Information Service Alta Bates Community Hospital Berkeley, Calif. 94705 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1970Volume 73, Issue 3Page: 492-492KeywordsEstrogensGlobulinsGlucose intoleranceGlucose metabolismGlucose toleranceOral contraceptive therapySkin diseases Issue Published: 1 September 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
<i>In Vitro</i> Biologic Activities of the Antimicrobials Triclocarban, Its Analogs, and Triclosan in Bioassay Screens: Receptor-Based Bioassay Screens
Authors: Ki Chang Ahn, Bin Zhao, Jiangang Chen, Gennady Cherednichenko, Enio Sanmarti, Michael S. Denison, Bill Lasley, Isaac N. Pessah, Dietmar Kültz, Daniel P.Y. Chang, Shirley J. Gee, Bruce D. Hammock
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

BackgroundConcerns have been raised about the biological and toxicologic effects of the antimicrobials triclocarban (TCC) and triclosan (TCS) in personal care products. Few studies have evaluated their biological activities in mammalian cells to assess their potential for adverse effects.ObjectivesIn this study, we assessed the activity of TCC, its analogs, and TCS in in vitro nuclear-receptor–responsive and calcium signaling bioassays.Materials and methodsWe determined the biological activities of the compounds in in vitro, cell-based, and nuclear-receptor–responsive bioassays for receptors for aryl hydrocarbon (AhR), estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), and ryanodine (RyR1).ResultsSome carbanilide compounds, including TCC (1–10 μM), enhanced estradiol (E2)-dependent or testosterone-dependent activation of ER- and AR-responsive gene expression up to 2.5-fold but exhibited little or no agonistic activity alone. Some carbanilides and TCS exhibited weak agonistic and/or antagonistic activity in the AhR-responsive bioassay. TCS exhibited antagonistic activity in both ER- and AR-responsive bioassays. TCS (0.1–10 μM) significantly enhanced the binding of [3H]ryanodine to RyR1 and caused elevation of resting cytosolic [Ca2+] in primary skeletal myotubes, but carbanilides had no effect.ConclusionsCarbanilides, including TCC, enhanced hormone-dependent induction of ER- and AR-dependent gene expression but had little agonist activity, suggesting a new mechanism of action of endocrine-disrupting compounds. TCS, structurally similar to noncoplanar ortho-substituted poly-chlorinated biphenyls, exhibited weak AhR activity but interacted with RyR1 and stimulated Ca2+ mobilization. These observations have potential implications for human and animal health. Further investigations are needed into the biological and toxicologic effects of TCC, its analogs, and TCS.
Abstract 1183: miR-199a-3p targets CD44 and reduces proliferation of CD44 positive hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Jon C. Henry, Jong-Kook Park, Jinmai Jiang, Ji Hye Kim, Lewis R. Roberts, David M. Nagorney, Soma Banerjee, Thomas D. Schmittgen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Previous work by us and others reported decreased expression of miR-199a-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared to adjacent benign tissue. We report here a significant reduction of miR-199a-3p expression in 7 HCC cell lines (Huh7, HepG2, SNU182, PLC/PRF/5, Hep3B, SNU423 and SNU449) compared to primary hepatocytes. To determine if miR-199a-3p has a tumor suppressive role, miR-199a-3p mimetic was transfected into the 7 HCC cell lines. miR-199a-3p mimetic reduced cell proliferation by approximately 60% compared to control oligonucleotide in only two cell lines (SNU449 and SNU423); the proliferation of the other 5 treated cell lines was similar to control oligonucleotide. A miR-199a-3p mimetic formulated with chemical modifications to enhance stability while preserving processing reduced cell proliferation in SNU449 and SNU423 to the same extent as the commercially available miR-199a-3p mimetic. Furthermore, only the duplex miR-199a-3p mimetic, and not the guide strand alone, was effective at reducing cell viability. Since a CD44 variant was essential for c-Met signaling (Orian-Rousseau, et al., Genes Dev. 2002) and c-Met is a known miR-199a-3p target, we hypothesized that miR-199a-3p may also target CD44. Indeed, miRNA target algorithms predict miR-199a-3p to be a putative target of CD44. Immunoblotting confirmed that only the HCC lines that were sensitive to the effects of miR-199a-3p mimetic (SNU449 and SNU423) were CD44+. Direct targeting of CD44 by miR-199a-3p was confirmed using luciferase reporter assays and immunoblotting. Transfection of miR-199a-3p into SNU449 cells reduced in vitro invasion and sensitized the cells to doxorubicin; both effects were enhanced when hyaluronic acid was added to the cell cultures. An inverse correlation between the expression of miR-199a-3p and CD44 protein was noted in primary HCC tissue specimens. The anti-proliferative and anti-invasive properties of miR-199a-3p mimetic on CD44+ HCC may be a useful targeted therapy for CD44+ HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1183. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1183
Corrigendum to: “The Association of Surgeons in Training Conference Abstracts: 0993: Efficacy of preoperative axillary ultrasound in breast cancer; a single centre experience” [Int J Surg 11 (2013) 608]
Authors: Elizabeth Ward, Lianne Thomas, Joe Grosart, Wael Elsaify, Imtiaz Cheema
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)
Gastric Lipid Islands in the Gastric Stump and in Non-Operated Stomach
Authors: V. Terruzzi, G. Minoli, G.C. Butti, A. Rossini
Journal: Endoscopy (1980)

The lipid islands in the gastric mucosa are small, well delimited white or yellowish-white patches varying in diameter from 0.5 to 3 millimeters. Microscopically they constitute accumulations of macrophages full of lipids.
Health secretary will target heart disease
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

England's new health secretary, Alan Milburn, has announced that £50m ($80m) will be targeted to pay for 3000 extra heart operations in England over the next two years—a 10% increase—and that there will be a further 400 specialist cardiologists by 2005.

The minister insisted that the initiative was not a change in strategy and that the government would continue to cut numbers on waiting lists and stick to its pledge to bring them down by 100000.

Although …
Recurrent venous thrombosis
Authors: deR. Kolisch P
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  Dr Jack Hirsh's discussion of the management of recurrent venous thrombosis (240:284, 1978) struck a responsive chord by stating that  is important to establish... recurrence by a repeated phlebogram or, preferably, by leg scanning using fibrinogen labeled with iodine 125.  The key word here is preferably. It is, unequivocally, most appropriate. No other method can offer what the fibrinogen 125 I scan enables one to do, that is, to start the study prospectively. If impending deep-vein thrombosis is suspected, phlebography (either by scintiscanning or by conventional radiography) has little to offer, whereas fibrinogen 125 I will localize in the thrombus when and if it forms. (As a matter of fact, preoperative injection of fibrinogen 125 I is recommended in cases where postoperative deep-vein thrombosis is likely to develop, eg, pelvic operations.)  It is equally important to recognize that patient cooperation with fibrinogen 125 I scanning is
Medical Education by Television Programs
Authors: Charles E. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  The article, Continuing Medical Education Through Television, by Meighan and Teeseder ( 200 :762, 1967) illustrates the problems in evaluating continuing medical education. Their handling of their data yields conclusions which are not necessarily valid. As indicated, only 32.8% of the questionnaires that were sent out initially were returned. The  was the entire (universe) of the Oregon Medical Association. To a random sample of nonrespondees, a second copy of the questionnaire was sent with an explanatory letter. Fifty-two percent of this group responded. Finally, of the 177 who did not respond to this second contact (a third population), telephone calls were made and 88% participated. The authors then treated the three groups as if they were one sample and 95.6% participation.  The problem of differential responses in terms of the order of volunteering for examinations, or responding to inquiries, has been documented previously. Responses to the questionnaire
A 190-Kilodalton Protein Overexpressed in Non-P-Glycoprotein-Containing Multidrug-Resistant Cells and Its Relationship to the MRP Gene
Authors: M. A. Barrand, A. C. Heppell-Parton, K. A. Wright, P. H. Rabbitts, P. R. Twentyman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Background A 190k (190-kilodaton) membrane protein has been identified in several multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines that show decreased drug accumulation without expression of P-glycoprotein. It is not clear whether this 190k protein is involved directtly in drug efflux. Recently, a gene for a putative transporter protein, MRP (multidrug resistance-assiciated protein) has been sequenced and localized to chromosome 16. The protein encoded by this gene contains a 7-amino-acid sequence present in the synthetic peptide used to generate the antiserum recognizing the 190k protein. Purpose: The study was undertaken to clarify the relationship of the 190k protein to MRP gene expression in non-P-glycoprotein-containing MDR cells of the large-cell and adenocarcinoma lung cancer lines, COR-L23 and MOR. Methods: Expression of the 190k protein was determined by Western blot analysis and that of the MRP gene by polymerase chain reaction amplification of complementary DNA reverse trascribed form RNA. Abnormalities of chromosome 16 were investigated in chromosome spreads by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: The amount of detectable 190k protein is closely associated with degree of drug resistance. Cell lines surviving in higher drug concentrations have grater amounts of protein, and revertant lines grown without drug for up to 28 weeks shoe reduced expression of the protein together with enhanced druge sensitivity. The 190k protein appears to be one of the major proteins differentially expressed in membranes of drug-resistant cells. The amount of MRp messenger RNA corelates closely with that of the 190k protein. The MDR cells contain amplified chromosome 16 meterial with many doubnle minutes in the large-cell lung tummor lines and an enlarged chromosome 16 in the adenocarcinoma lines. Conclusion: The 190k protein detected immunologically is likely to be the protein, encoded by the MRP gene, which become overepressed in these cells as a consequence of chromosomel amplification and fragementation. Implication: though associated with drug resistance, enhanced drug efflux, and decreased drug accumulation in cell lines, the role of this protein in clinical resistance has yet to be determined. [J Natl Cancer Inst 86:110–117, 1994].
Translocation t(14;18) and gain of chromosome 18/BCL2: effects on BCL2 expression and apoptosis in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: E Galteland, E A Sivertsen, D H Svendsrud, L Smedshammer, S H Kresse, L A Meza-Zepeda, O Myklebost, Z Suo, D Mu, P M DeAngelis, T Stokke
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Proteomic Analysis in Aortic Media of Patients With Marfan Syndrome Reveals Increased Activity of Calpain 2 in Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Christiane Pilop, Fabienne Aregger, Robert C. Gorman, Rene Brunisholz, Bertran Gerrits, Thomas Schaffner, Joseph H. Gorman, Gabor Matyas, Thierry Carrel, Brigitte M. Frey
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a heritable disorder of connective tissue, affecting principally skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems. The most life-threatening manifestations are aortic aneurysm and dissection. We investigated changes in the proteome of aortic media in patients with and without MFS to gain insight into molecular mechanisms leading to aortic dilatation.Aortic samples were collected from 46 patients. Twenty-two patients suffered from MFS, 9 patients had bicuspid aortic valve, and 15 patients without connective tissue disorder served as controls. Aortic media was isolated and its proteome was analyzed in 12 patients with the use of 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. We found higher amounts of filamin A C-terminal fragment, calponin 1, vinculin, microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4, and myosin-10 heavy chain in aortic media of MFS aneurysm samples than in controls. Regulation of filamin A C-terminal fragmentation was validated in all patient samples by immunoblotting. Cleavage of filamin A and the calpain substrate spectrin was increased in the MFS and bicuspid aortic valve groups. Extent of cleavage correlated positively with calpain 2 expression and negatively with the expression of its endogenous inhibitor calpastatin.Our observation demonstrates for the first time upregulation of the C-terminal fragment of filamin A in dilated aortic media of MFS and bicuspid aortic valve patients. In addition, our results present evidence that the cleavage of filamin A is highly likely the result of the protease calpain. Increased calpain activity might explain, at least in part, histological alterations in dilated aorta.