tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expanding the immunotherapeutic potential of minor histocompatibility antigens
Authors: E. Spierings
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Minor histocompatibility antigens (mHAgs) selectively expressed by cells or cell subsets of the hematopoietic system are targets of the T cell–mediated graft-versus-leukemia response that develops following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of hematological malignancies. This observation has served as the rationale for utilizing mHAg-specific immunotherapy for the treatment of particular patients. However, at present, only a select and small number of patients could potentially benefit from mHAg-based immunotherapy. A report from de Rijke et al. in this issue of the JCI describes a new hematopoietic lineage–specific HLA-B7–restricted mHAg associated with remission of chronic myeloid leukemia. This result represents another example of an mHAg-mediated graft-versus-leukemia response, thereby expanding the number of patients eligible for mHAg-based immunotherapy in the setting of HSCT.
Learning to Live With Angina
Authors: Peter T. Kuo
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<i>Learning to Live With Angina</i>is written in an easily understandable style, intended to provide important medical information to physicians, nurses, health care professionals, and especially to the lay public and patients with coronary artery disease. Several innovative approaches have been taken by the author, including explanations of medical terminology and definitions, and experiences and testimonials from patients. The author describes the angina syndrome in detail to alert patients to emergencies, and she encourages patients to cooperate and comply with the treatment regimen. The scope of the booklet is amazingly comprehensive and up to date, ranging through anatomy of the cardiovascular system, physiology and pathophysiology of the coronary circulation and myocardium, coronary disease risk factors, clinical manifestations and types of angina pectoris, the relationship of angina to myocardial infarction, diagnostic procedures (including indications and possible complications), medical treatment (including risk factor modification, through change of life-style, and adherence to diet
India s burden of waterborne diseases is underestimated
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Major efforts to improve access to drinking water across India have not been matched by proportionate declines in deaths and illnesses from waterborne diseases, which remain grossly underestimated, a new government report has said.

Today 85% of India's population is covered by water infrastructure, said the report, from India's planning commission, a top policy making body.

Between 400 000 and 500 000 children aged under five years die each year from diarrhoea, the report said, citing a failure to improve personal and home hygiene …
People travelling abroad for treatment need more information on possible problems
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The relationship between local inflammation and the subsequent systemic inflammatory response is poorly described. In a burn injury model, the dermal inflammatory response may act as an ongoing trigger for the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and subsequent systemic complications. We hypothesized that topical attenuation of burn wound inflammatory signaling will control the dermal inflammatory source, attenuate SIRS, and reduce acute lung injury. Mice received a 30% total body surface area burn. Subgroups were treated with specific p38 MAPK inhibitor or vehicle, which was topically applied to wounds. Topical p38 MAPK inhibition significantly reduced burn wound inflammatory signaling and subsequent systemic expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In vitro macrophage functional assays demonstrated a significant attenuation in serum inflammatory mediators from animals receiving the topical inhibitor. Topical p38 MAPK inhibition resulted in significantly less pulmonary inflammatory response via reduction of pulmonary neutrophil sequestration, pulmonary cytokine expression, and a significant reduction in pulmonary microvascular injury and edema formation. Although dermal activating transcription factor-2, a downstream p38 MAPK target, was significantly reduced, there was no reduction in pulmonary activating transcription factor-2 expression, arguing against significant systemic absorption of the topical inhibitor. These experiments demonstrate a strong interaction between dermal inflammation and systemic inflammatory response. Attenuating local inflammatory signaling appears effective in reducing SIRS and subsequent systemic complications after burn injury.
Use of the Curved Linear-Array Echo Endoscope to Identify Gastrorenal Shunts in Patients with Gastric Fundal Varices
Authors: C. Bastid, J. Sahel
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

We read with interest the article by Kakutani et al. reporting on the value of echo endoscopy for detecting and identifying gastrorenal shunts in patients presenting with gastric fundal varices [1]. The authors note that balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration has been described as effective in patients with bleeding fundal varices. This treatment modality requires a spontaneously developed gastrorenal shunt as a pathway for the balloon catheter to reach the fundal varices. The authors suggest that the curved linear-array echo endoscope can be used to assess whether a gastrorenal shunt is present, and compared this method with contrast-enhanced computed tomography.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Associated with Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Authors: Arthur E. Cocco, Steven J. Conway
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

THE Zollinger- Ellison syndrome1 is a clinical entity2 3 4 associated with multiple endocrine adenomas.5 The purpose of this report is to present a case of the syndrome associated with a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary containing a large quantity of gastrin.Case ReportA 62-year-old woman was seen with a one-year history of peptic-ulcer symptoms and radiographic evidence of gastric, pyloric and duodenal ulceration responding poorly to medical treatment. Physical examination demonstrated mild epigastric tenderness and the presence of a left ovarian mass.A histamine-stimulated gastric analysis6 showed a basal acid output of 72.9 and a mean acid output of 56.6 . . .
Single‐dose inhaled budesonide in subjects with chronic asthma
Authors: T. Engel, A. Dirksen, J. H. Heinig, N. H. Nielsen, B. Weeke, S. Å. Johansson
Journal: Allergy (1991)

In 30 stable asthmatics, a comparison was made between the changes in pulmonary function (FEV1, FVC, PEF, MEF75, MEF50 and MEF25) hourly for 9 h after a single dose of inhaled budesonide 1,600 micrograms, and placebo. All subjects used inhaled steroids daily; this medication was, however, withheld 8 days prior to the study. For all parameters of pulmonary function, a significant difference in favour of budesonide was demonstrated. The effect tended to decrease after 9 h, and had abated within 24 h. FEV1 age, sex, smoking habits, or results of an inhaled beta 2-agonist reversibility test could not be demonstrated as predictors of those subjects to react with the most pronounced responses to budesonide. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an effect 3 h after administration of an inhaled glucocorticosteroid in adult outpatients with chronic asthma. These results parallel previous findings in highly selected asthmatics and after systemic administration of glucocorticosteroids. Single-dose administration and subsequent monitoring for 8-9 h may therefore prove valuable in evaluating new prophylactic agents for the treatment of asthma.
An oncogenic role of miR-142-3p in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) by targeting glucocorticoid receptor-α and cAMP/PKA pathways
Authors: M Lv, X Zhang, H Jia, D Li, B Zhang, H Zhang, M Hong, T Jiang, Q Jiang, J Lu, X Huang, B Huang
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
New battle looms for France over health reforms
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The new year heralds another battle for French prime minister Alain Juppe as the country begins its recovery from three weeks of strikes by transport workers that ended just before Christmas. The prime minister backed down on his proposal to align the retirement age of civil servants with that of other workers. But he stood firm on his proposals to reorganise the nation's health care and insurance system. The proposals include control of health care expenditure, supervision of the health budget by parliament, and an additional, temporary …
Successful Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia With Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in Hypersensitive AIDS Patients
Authors: Robert B. Gibbons
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A greater incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as compared with other populations has been reported. Although pentamidine appears to be less toxic in this setting, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is considered by most authorities to be the drug of choice in the treatment of<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>pneumonia. We have recently seen two patients who fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of AIDS and were successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole after experiencing hypersensitivity reactions to this medication. <h3>Report of Cases.—</h3> Case1.—A 34-year-old homosexual man was admitted to the hospital with fever, weight loss, and bibasilar interstitial infiltrates. Transbronchial biopsy confirmed the presence of P<i>carinii</i>, and intravenous (IV) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and acyclovir therapy was instituted. On the tenth day of therapy, the patient developed an erythematous, macular rash and a temperature of 37.8 °C. Diphenhydramine was given IV concurrently with each trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole infusion, following
Abstract 1021: Bortezomib-mediated inhibition of NF- κB activity leads to induction of apoptosis in activated B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Rong Bu, Azhar R. Hussain, Maqbool Ahmed, Khadija A.S. Al-Obaisi, Shahab Uddin, Khawla S. Al-Kuraya
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is considered to be the most common type of lymphoma in adults, accounting for 30-40% of cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and classified as three distinct subtypes: germinal center B cell-like (GCB)-, activated B cell-like (ABC)-, and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL). ABC DLBCL has a worse survival after upfront chemotherapy and is characterized by constitutive activation of the antiapoptotic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Yet the implication of NF-κB inhibition in ABC DLBCL need to be further elucidated. Therefore, a panel of ABC DLBCL cell lines was used to examine the effect of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor which blocks degradation of phosphorylated IκBα and consequently inhibits NF-κB activity, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) on cell viability, apoptosis and downstream signaling pathway. Our data showed that bortezomib caused a dose-dependent growth inhibition in all cell lines studied. The IC 50 was 3.33 ± 0.29 nM, 2.73 ± 0.32nM, 2.60 ± 0.87nM and 4.35 ± 0.65nM for HBL-1, Riva, Sudhl-2 and OCI-LY3 respectively. Cell cycle assay showed a dose-dependent increase of sub-G1 population of all four cell lines studied after 48 hours treatment, and this increase in sub-G1 population was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the percentage of cells in the G2-M phase indicating the feature of apoptosis. Further experiment using FITC-conjugated Annexin V and PI assay confirmed that apoptotic cell increased in a dose-dependent manner in all cell lines after 48 hour treatment. Moreover, the electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that bortezomib treatment inhibited constitutive nuclear NF-κB in ABC cell lines. Furthermore, treatment of ABC cell lines with bortezomib or expression of small interfering RNA of NF-κB also down-regulated expression of NF-κB-regulated gene products, such as IκBα, Bcl-2, Bcl-Xl, XIAP and Survivin leading to apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Altogether, these results suggest that NF-κB may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention in DLBCL. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1021. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1021
The contribution of benzene to smoking-induced leukemia.
Authors: J E Korte, I Hertz-Picciotto, M R Schulz, L M Ball, E J Duell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of leukemia; benzene, an established leukemogen, is present in cigarette smoke. By combining epidemiologic data on the health effects of smoking with risk assessment techniques for low-dose extrapolation, we assessed the proportion of smoking-induced total leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) attributable to the benzene in cigarette smoke. We fit both linear and quadratic models to data from two benzene-exposed occupational cohorts to estimate the leukemogenic potency of benzene. Using multiple-decrement life tables, we calculated lifetime risks of total leukemia and AML deaths for never, light, and heavy smokers. We repeated these calculations, removing the effect of benzene in cigarettes based on the estimated potencies. From these life tables we determined smoking-attributable risks and benzene-attributable risks. The ratio of the latter to the former constitutes the proportion of smoking-induced cases attributable to benzene. Based on linear potency models, the benzene in cigarette smoke contributed from 8 to 48% of smoking-induced total leukemia deaths [95% upper confidence limit (UCL), 20-66%], and from 12 to 58% of smoking-induced AML deaths (95% UCL, 19-121%). The inclusion of a quadratic term yielded results that were comparable; however, potency models with only quadratic terms resulted in much lower attributable fractions--all < 1%. Thus, benzene is estimated to be responsible for approximately one-tenth to one-half of smoking-induced total leukemia mortality and up to three-fifths of smoking-related AML mortality. In contrast to theoretical arguments that linear models substantially overestimate low-dose risk, linear extrapolations from empirical data over a dose range of 10- to 100-fold resulted in plausible predictions.
Don't forget the relatives
Authors: D. K. Sokol
Journal: BMJ (2014)

How much should clinicians tell relatives about a patient’s condition?



The 25 year old patient had a rare skin disorder called Stevens-Johnson syndrome. She had been in intensive care for several days. One morning, at 9.40 am, her core temperature was 38.5°C. At 10 am it had climbed to 40.5°C. By 1.30 pm it was 42°C. At 4 pm it had risen to 43°C. It reached 44.4°C before she went into cardiac arrest. After 10 cycles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation she was pronounced dead, at 6.13 pm.

Nine months later I represented the patient’s relatives at the inquest. They said they had no idea she might die, that no one had bothered to tell them quite how sick she was. “If we had known,” the mother said, “we would have stayed with her in that room the whole time.” Their complaint is a familiar one.

Historically, the clinician’s gaze has been focused on the patient. The patient’s intimates have remained in the shadows. The doctor-patient dyad leaves out the family. The Hippocratic Oath states, “Into as many houses as I may …
Cardiac myosin binding protein–C gene splice acceptor site mutation is associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gisèle Bonne, Lucie Carrier, Josiane Bercovici, Corinne Cruaud, Pascale Richard, Bernard Hainque, Mathias Gautel, Siegfried Labeit, Michael James, Jacques Beckmann, Jean Weissenbach, Hans-Peter Vosberg, Marc Fiszman, Michel Komajda, Ketty Schwartz
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Paying the Tab: The Costs and Benefits of Alcohol Control
Authors: Bernd Wollschlaeger
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Some Remarks on the After-Treatment of Deseases of the Hip-Joint
Authors: J. H. Porter
Journal: BMJ (1877)

of Bright's disease in that spirit, thoughthe measures must be graduated according to the depth and amount of the poison.Following out this principle, these patients ought to be roused by means of strong coffee or tea; interested by the society of friends and the business of everyday life; directed to take exercise briskly, and, so as to stir their cir- culation, keep tlhemselves warm and earn their digestion, at the same time that they avoid fatigue and exhaustion.They ought, indeed, to live, so to speak, within the income of their organs ; but they ought, at the same time, to live almost up to that income.The many exercises of life increase the powers of life, just as the oarsman or the mountaineer, by steady training, from being out of condition, weak, and capable only of a spurt, and incapable of long-sustained exertion, acquires, in a -very few days, such powers of exertion and endurance that he can last through the race, walk, and climb and descend for eighteen hours, and have strength to spare at the end of the day; so the patient, with chronic Bright's disease, by steadily increasing his exercise in the varied pursuits of life, daily gains power and rises above his disease.Although these very exercises lessen the poison, by stimulating all the organs of excretion, yet the poison is still there ; but, just as the patient poisoned with opium is roused to resist its effects, so the patient poisoned under influenceofBright'sdisease is roused to resist its effects.Inthe same way that the muscles and chest and heart are enlarged by steady exercise, so the healthy portions of the diseased kidney are enlarged so as to in- crease and bring into play the powers latent and otherwise of this organ.Every organ has within it a reserved force very much greater than the force used in the ordinary quiet doings of still life.Thus I found, by exact experiments twenty-six years ago, that I breathed sixteen times as much air when I ran at the top of my speed, or rather just after it, as when I lay still in my bed.This experiment, published by me, is
TCT-388 Serial optical coherence tomography imaging of early atherosclerosis progression in diabetic versus non-diabetic swine
Authors: Nienke S. van Ditzhuijzen, Mieke van den Heuvel, Oana Sorop, Stefan Roest, Jurgen Ligthart, Felix Zijlstra, Dirk-Jan Duncker, Heleen v Beusekom, Evelyn Regar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 2860: EphA2 and its phosphorylation is a key determinant of dasatinib sensitivity in endometrial cancer
Authors: Jie Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Growing evidence points to EphA2 having bidirectional signaling to promote or inhibit tumorigenicity in ligand-independent and ligand-dependent manner. But the mechanistic and biological impact of this EphA2 dual switch function in the context of EphA2 targeted therapy in cancer is not known. Materials and Methods: The effects of dasatinib alone or in combination with paclitaxel on human endometrial cancer cell lines were examined using a series of in vitro experiments, including MTT, RPPA, Western blot, ELISA, and plasmid transfection (for inactivated or constitutively activated phosphorylation at EphA2-S897). In vivo, an orthotopic mouse model of endometrial cancer was utilized to identify the biological effects of dasatinib in orthotopic endometrial cancer models. Molecular markers for response prediction were identified by using ELISA, RPPA and immunohistochemistry. Results: In vitro, the effects of dasatinib treatment varied among the different endometrial cancer cell lines tested, (IC50 values ranged from 10 nM to10,000 nM) which was associated with varying levels of EphA2 and EphA2S897 phosphorylation, basal level of p-AKT and caveolin-1 in the EphA2 positive (Hec-1A, Ishikawa, and SKUT-2) and negative cells (SPEC-2). Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that dasatinib monotherapy or in combination with paclitaxel led to tumor inhibition over controls in the EphA2 positive Hec1A and Ishikawa murine models. Specifically, dasatinib treatment resulted in 48% and 71% reduction of tumor growth in these models, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.01). Combination of dasatinib and paclitaxel showed even greater efficacy (87% - 89% reduction in tumor growth, p&amp;lt;0.001). In the EphA2 negative SPEC2 murine models, dasatinib therapy resulted only in modest efficacy (31%, p&amp;lt;0.05), while the efficacy in combination with paclitaxel was better (75%, p&amp;lt;0.01). The antitumor effects of dasatinib were significantly associated with EphA2 and its phosphorylation status at S897, especially in the tumors with high expression of caveolin-1, as detected by RPPA, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: The efficacy of dasatinib therapy in uterine cancer models depends on the status of the EphA2 and its activation of p-EphA2s897. These findings may have clinical implications for future dasatinib-based clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2860. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2860
The 100 000 Lives Campaign
Authors: Donald M. Berwick, David R. Calkins, C. Joseph McCannon, Andrew D. Hackbarth
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal