tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dialysis Therapy for Psoriasis
Authors: Theodore J. Buselmeier
Journal: JAMA (1978)

PSORIASIS affects approximately 3% of the population. It has been treated with topical steroids, tar or tar derivatives alone or in combination with ultraviolet B light, or photosensitizing psoralen compounds in combination with ultraviolet A light. Oral antimetabolites may be effective but are associated with deleterious side effects. So far, to our knowledge, three patients with severe psoriasis have responded to dialytic therapy.<sup>1,2</sup>A fourth patient had intractable psoriasis that resolved during the course of hemodialysis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 51-year-old woman was hospitalized at the University of Minnesota Hospitals with renal failure secondary to polycystic kidney disease. She complained of fatigue, lethargy, weakness, anorexia, and some nausea associated with her renal disease. Her skin problems had begun 16 years earlier when she noted scaling on her face and scalp that gradually progressed to involve the nose, ears, neck, buttock, abdomen, and knees. Two of the nails of
Poor care leads to 24 000 premature deaths from diabetes in England each year
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Around 24 000 people in England with diabetes are dying each year from complications that could be avoided with better management, the first national audit of diabetes mortality has shown.

The mortality audit linked information on 1.42 million people with diabetes included in the 2007-8 national diabetes audit with data from their death certificates. The annual diabetes audit collects data from general practices on numbers of people recorded on diabetes registers, their complication rates, and measures of care.

From its inception the diabetes audit team at the NHS Information Centre had planned to include mortality among its outcomes, but this is the first time it has been able to do so. Tracking death certificate data showed that 49 282 of the people in the 2007-8 audit died in the follow-up period from 1 November 2008 to 31 October 2009.

The audit included 68% of the 2.1 million people in England estimated on the basis of national Quality and Outcomes Framework …
Candesartan vs Losartan and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Friedrich Fruhwald
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Minimally Invasive Surgery: Arthroscopy
Authors: R N Villar
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Arthroscopy has reduced the morbidity and period of hospitalisation associated with orthopaedic surgery and has increased the range of procedures that may be performed. From early operations on the knee it has expanded to include procedures for the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, ankle, and foot. For some joints the indications for surgery are clear, for others the clinical advantages are still being assessed. This expansion has also led to the recognition of complications, though the incidence is low. Specialist instrumentation has allowed a wide variety of operations previously needing open surgery to be carried out arthroscopically. The repertoire of arthroscopic procedures will undoubtedly continue to expand, and controlled studies are required to validate their efficacy, particularly in the management of degenerative joint diseases.
Cost-Related Motivations for Research
Authors: Daniel F. Martin, Stuart L. Fine, Maureen G. Maguire
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Implantable Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Tags are not Tattoos
Authors: Ari Z. Zivotofsky, Naomi T. S. Zivotofsky, Alan Jotkowitz
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

As electronic technology continues to shrink in size and advance in capability, miniature radiofrequency identification (RFID) tags have become a reality. Their use in inanimate objects has acknowl...
The Influence of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and 2 on the Thickness, Shape, and Equivalent Refractive Index of the Human Crystalline Lens
Authors: Nanouk G.M. Wiemer, Michiel Dubbelman, Piet J. Kostense, Peter J. Ringens, Bettine C.P. Polak
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
Use of Surveillance for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease to Estimate the Size of the Immunosuppressed HIV-Infected Population
Authors: Anne Schuchat
Journal: JAMA (1991)

We used population-based surveillance in New Jersey in 1986 to quantify the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in persons with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in those who went on to develop AIDS. Using pneumococcal surveillance, we also devised a method to estimate the size of the immunosuppressed population infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the so-called pre-AIDS population. From rates of pneumococcal disease that occurred in areas with a low incidence of AIDS, we calculated the number of patients expected to contract pneumococcal disease in areas with a high incidence of AIDS. There were 59 more cases of pneumococcal disease observed than expected; 14 of these patients had AIDS by the time of pneumococcal infection. We attributed the remaining 45 cases to the increased risk of pneumococcal infection in pre-AIDS. The pre-AIDS pneumococcal cases and the attack rate of pneumococcal disease in pre-AIDS were used to estimate the size of the 1986 pre-AIDS New Jersey population as 8823 pre-AIDS cases (95% confidence interval, 7377 to 10 714) or 0.37% of the adult New Jersey population. Surveillance for marker diseases may provide a simple, independent method of estimating the pre-AIDS population. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:3275-3279)
DNA damage in the stomach after vagotomy measured by 32P-postlabelling.
Authors: G W Dyke, J L Craven, R Hall, R C Garner
Journal: Gut (1993)

This study analysed gastric mucosal DNA by 32P-postlabelling in a series of patients who have had previous vagotomy for benign peptic ulcer disease. DNA adduct levels were found to be significantly higher in patients who had had previous truncal vagotomy than in those who had had previous highly selective vagotomy (p < 0.001). Intragastric bile concentrations were also considerably higher in patients after truncal vagotomy but there was no correlation between intragastric bile concentrations and DNA adduct levels. These results suggest that, although duodenogastric reflux may be a cause of gastric mucosal DNA damage in the stomach after vagotomy, measurement of total intragastric bile does not accurately reflect genotoxic insult.
A New Justification for Pediatric Research Without the Potential for Clinical Benefit
Authors: David Wendler
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

Pediatric research without the potential for clinical benefit is vital to improving pediatric medical care. This research also raises ethical concern and is regarded by courts and commentators as unethical. While at least 10 justifications have been proposed in response, all have fundamental limitations. This article describes and defends a new justification based on the fact that enrollment in clinical research offers children the opportunity to contribute to a valuable project. Contributing as children to valuable projects can benefit individuals in two ways. First, individuals may come to “embrace” the contributions they made as children. Second, contributing to valuable projects can lead to a better overall life. Because these potential benefits can outweigh small research risks, they provide a justification for pediatric research without the potential for clinical benefit, when it poses low risks and has the potential to benefit others in important ways.
Abstract 4689: Stabilization of PARP-DNA complexes plays a critical role for the cytotoxic effects of the PARP inhibitors, veliparib and oliparib
Authors: Yves G. Pommier, Junko Murai, Shunichi Takeda
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Poly(ADPribose) (PAR) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are in clinical trials with alkylating agents such as temozolomide and topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors such as camptothecin derivatives (topotecan and irinotecan). To elucidate the mechanism of action of PARP inhibitors and how they synergize with alkylating agents and Top1 inhibitors, we compared genetic PARP knockout versus chemical inhibition with the PARP inhibitor. DNA alkylation damage was assayed by treating wild type (WT) and PARP knockout chicken DT40 cells with methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) in the presence of oliparib or veliparib. Notably, PARP inhibitors produced a much greater cytotoxicity than knocking out the PARP gene in cells treated with low MMS concentrations that are not cytotoxic in WT cells. Moreover, knocking out PARP eliminated the cytotoxicity of the PARP inhibitors even in the absence of MMS treatment. These results suggested that PARP inhibitors not only act by abrogating the catalytic activity of PARP and blocking PAR polymer formation but also by poisoning PARP. To further investigate this possibility, we measured PARP binding to DNA. Accordingly, we found that both oliparib and veliparib trap PARP on cellular DNA. By contrast, in the case of Top1 inhibitors, the potentiation by PARP inhibitors was no greater than knocking out PARP. Together, these results demonstrate that oliparib and veliparib act primarily as catalytic PARP inhibitors for Top1-linked DNA damage, whereas, in the case of base damage, oliparib and veliparib also act by preventing the removal of PARP complexes from DNA, probably as a result of defective PARP auto-PARylation, thereby converting base damage and DNA nicks into tight PARP-DNA complexes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4689. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4689
Are We Nearing an Era of Chemotherapy-Free Management of Indolent Lymphoma?
Authors: Emmanuel Bachy, Gilles Salles
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Indolent B-cell lymphomas are heterogeneous, comprising three grades of follicular lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, Waldenstöm macroglobulinemia, marginal zone lymphoma, and most recently, possibly low proliferative mantle cell lymphoma. These lymphomas are characterized by a high responsiveness to chemotherapy or immunochemotherapy; however, in most cases, conventional therapy might not offer a cure. Furthermore, the patient's age at diagnosis, at time to first or subsequent relapses, as well as potential comorbidities often preclude the use of chemotherapy. Recent progress has been made in our understanding of dysregulated pathways and immunologic antitumor responses in indolent lymphoma. Major therapeutic advances have been achieved in the development of nonchemotherapeutic agents, making “chemo-free” treatment a near-future reality. In this article, we highlight these promising approaches, such as the combination of anti-CD20 antibodies with immunomodulatory drugs, with mAbs directed against other surface antigens such as CD22, with immunomodulatory antibodies such as PD-1, or with inhibitors of key steps in the B-cell receptor pathway signaling. However, the cost of such therapies and potential, albeit manageable, toxicity should be considered. Phase III trials will confirm the benefit of these new treatment strategies that do not require a chemotherapeutic drug and help us identify their exact place in the therapeutic armamentarium for indolent lymphoma. Here we focus on follicular lymphoma, which is the most frequent subtype of indolent lymphoma and for which an increasing body of evidence has emerged that supports the dawn of a new era of chemotherapy-free treatment. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “Paradigm Shifts in Lymphoma.” Clin Cancer Res; 20(20); 5226–39. ©2014 AACR.
Carcinomatosis—Is Cure an Option?
Authors: Paul H. Sugarbaker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.12.071 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12610170 Carcinomatosis—Is Cure an Option? Paul H. SugarbakerxPaul H. SugarbakerSearch for articles by this author Show More Washington Cancer Institute, Washington, DC https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.12.071 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Adrenal Corticosteroids in Erythema Multiforme-Reply
Authors: John A. Kazmierowski
Journal: JAMA (1982)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— Dr Golden's letter reporting the prophylactic use of oral corticosteroids to diminish or abort episodes of erythema multiforme that occur after herpes simplex infection brings to mind problems that three of our patients experienced. Each of these patients had had episodes of erythema multiforme, requiring two to three weeks of high-dose prednisone therapy. As these patients were observed for several months, it became apparent that their episodes of both herpes simplex infection and subsequent erythema multiforme were becoming more frequent, and more prednisone was necessary to keep their conditions under control. Eventually, these patients needed regular prednisone every other day for the adequate suppression of their erythema multiforme. We believed that the regular use of prednisone had possibly made these patients more susceptible to the recurrence of herpes simplex infections and subsequent erythema multiforme. They were hospitalized while the prednisone dosage was slowly tapered, and, eventually, all patients
Surgery in childhood
Authors: William B. Kiesewetter
Journal: JAMA (1963)

To a growing list of books on pediatric surgery has been added another large tome. When we look in the preface for suggestions concerning the unifying factor and purpose of the book, we find Mr. Brown's statement that emphasis will be placed on clinical features and diagnosis, and that surgical treatment will only be outlined where it differs from that for adults. The accomplishment of these aims is achieved to a varying extent.  The good points are the extensive coverage to include almost every condition that one is apt to encounter in the course of treating children with surgical problems. This broad approach will prove of greatest help to medical students and general practitioners. The illustrations in the orthopedic sections are particularly good and will be of value to those interested in these problems.  This book will be a definite disappointment to those who are looking for detailed, up-to-the-minute, and
THE AVERAGE HEIGHT AND WEIGHT OF ENGLISH SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: A. W. Tuxford, R. A. Glegg
Journal: BMJ (1911)

THB accompanying tables show the average height and weight of a number of English school children inspected during 1909 and 1910, and were compiled from figures kindly supplied to us by school medical officers in response to a circular letter which we sent out early in the year.We asked for the number of children examined of each sex and age, with the sum of their heights in centimetres and of their weights in kilograms.The form for reply was composed of slips which.enabled us to make our calculations direct from the figures sent to us.We received a large number of replies, and were very sorry not to be able to avail ourselves of many of the figures sent, as a number of school medical officers for- warded their own averager, and the returns of others were not comparable with the majority of the figures received on account of variations either in the amount of clotbing worn by the children when measured or in the method adopted for classifying the measurements afterwards.We decided to confine our calculations to those returns in which the total heights and weights were given of children measured and weighed in ordinary indoor clothing and without boots, and as only one such return was received from Wales it was omitted in order that the present calculation should refer only to English children.The actual figures from which our averages are derived represent measurements of 583,640 children, and were received from seventeen county and forty-four-urban education areas scattered throughout England, and we believe that, taken together, they are fairly representative of the country as a whole.Totals for 1909 only were received from seven districts, for 1910 only from fourteen, and for both years from forty.We combined the figures for the two years, and worked out separate averages for the county and urban areas as well as for the North and South of England, the line of demarcation adopted being one following the southern borders of Salop, Staffordshire, Leicestershire, Rutland, and Lincolnshire.The averages representing the North of England are derived from the figures of nine county and twenty-.sixurban areas; those for the South of Englandfrom the figures of eight county and eighteen urban-areas.We were constrained in a few instances to exclude figures that were obviously iacorrect, and our results give the average height and weight for each age and sex of those children whose measurements were included in the totals we made use of.As we do not know whether or not the children were evenly distributed through each year of age, we cannot claim that these averages represent the true mean heights and weights of English school children, though we think that the curves on the accompanyiDg chart demonstrate that fairly approximate averages have been obtained.
Abnormal Liver Function Test Predicts Type 2 Diabetes: a Community-Based Prospective Study
Authors: Jee-Fu Huang, Chia-Yen Dai, Ming-Lung Yu, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Wan-Long Chuang
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

We read with interest the article by Cho et al. (1), which demonstrated that an elevated level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in their community-based study of 10,038 participants. Excluding diabetic individuals and those with hepatitis B (HBV) or C (HCV) infection (15.1%), the authors concluded that the highest quartile of ALT activity carried a twofold increase in the risk of diabetes independently of conventional risk factors. …
Fetuin-A, Valve Calcification, and Diabetes
Authors: Allen P. Burke, Frank D. Kolodgie, Renu Virmani
Journal: Circulation (2007)

n the current issue of Circulation, Ix et al demonstrate an inverse correlation between mitral and aortic valve calcification and serum fetuin-A levels in a cross-sectional study of 970 patients with coronary artery disease and without renal disease. 1 Increased serum fetuin was significantly associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, serum albumin, and body mass index, with a weaker association with serum C-reactive protein, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum calcium.The link between aortic stenosis and fetuin held only in those without diabetes. 1he data highlight the complex interactions of fetuin with inflammation, insulin resistance, and tissue calcification.Furthermore, the results, though intriguing, underscore our lack of understanding of the cellular mechanisms of calcification in diverse pathological substrates, such as the degenerating aortic leaflet and mitral annulus.
41 IL6, IL6-INDUCED MIRNAS AND HNF1A/HNF4A AND THE EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF CCCDNA TRANSCRIPTION
Authors: C. Scisciani, N. Pediconi, A. Palumbo, J. Lucifora, F. Guerrieri, S. Rose-John, U. Protzer, M. Levrero, L. Belloni
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)