tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Effects of Carotid Sinus Denervation on Arterial Blood Pressure in Humans
Authors: Arthur A.J. Smit, Henri J.L.M. Timmers, Wouter Wieling, Mariette Wagenaar, Henri A.M. Marres, Jacques W.M. Lenders, Gert A. van Montfrans, John M. Karemaker
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — After experimental carotid sinus denervation in animals, blood pressure (BP) level and variability increase markedly but normalize to preoperative levels within 10 to 14 days. We investigated the course of arterial BP level and variability after bilateral denervation of the carotid sinus baroreceptors in humans. Methods and Results — We studied 4 women (age 41 to 63 years) who were referred for evaluation of arterial baroreflex function because of clinical suspicion of carotid sinus denervation attributable to bilateral carotid body tumor resection. The course of BP level and variability was assessed from repeated office and 24-hour ambulatory measurements (Spacelabs/Portapres) during 1 to 10 years of (retrospective) follow-up. Rapid cardiovascular reflex adjustments to active standing and Valsalva’s maneuver were assessed. Office BP level increased from 132/86 mm Hg (range, 118 to 148/80 to 92 mm Hg) before bilateral surgery to 160/105 mm Hg (range, 143 to 194/90 to 116 mm Hg) 1 to 10 years after surgery. During continuous 24-hour noninvasive BP recording (Portapres), a marked BP variability was apparent in all 4 patients. Initial symptomatic hypotension on change to the upright posture and abnormal responses to Valsalva’s maneuver were observed. Conclusions — Acute carotid sinus denervation, as a result of bilateral carotid body tumor resection, has a long-term effect on the level, variability, and rapid reflex control of arterial BP. Therefore, in contrast to earlier experimental observations, the compensatory ability of the baroreceptor areas outside the carotid sinus seems to be of limited importance in the regulation of BP in humans.
Extensive Cerebral Microhemorrhages Caused by Acute Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Secondary to Sepsis
Authors: Aidan Neligan, Sanjeev Rajakulendran, Ross Nortley, Hadi Manji
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Alarmins S100A8 AND S100A9 skew chondrocytes towards a cartilage breakdown phenotype
Authors: R. F. P. Schelbergen, P. L. E. M. van Lent, A. B. Blom, A. Sloetjes, T. Vogl, J. Roth, W. B. van den Berg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Alarmins S100A8 and S100A9 are members of the S100 family of Ca2+-binding proteins that are involved in the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These molecules are released in large amounts by activated macrophages or monocytes either as monomers or as a heterodimeric complex. From arthritis studies in S100A9 knockout mice,1 it appears that S100A8 and S100A9 play an essential role in cartilage degradation. We …
In Vivo Evidence for Cerebral Bioenergetic Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Measured Using<sup>31</sup>P Magnetization Transfer Spectroscopy
Authors: Fei Du, Alissa J. Cooper, Thida Thida, Selma Sehovic, Scott E. Lukas, Bruce M. Cohen, Xiaoliang Zhang, Dost Öngür
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Abnormalities in neural activity and cerebral bioenergetics have been observed in schizophrenia (SZ). Further defining energy metabolism anomalies would provide crucial information about molecular mechanisms underlying SZ and may be valuable for developing novel treatment strategies. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate cerebral bioenergetics in SZ via measurement of creatine kinase activity using in vivo<sup>31</sup>P magnetization transfer spectroscopy. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Cross-sectional case-control study in the setting of clinical services and a brain imaging center of an academic psychiatric hospital. Twenty-six participants with chronic SZ (including a subgroup diagnosed as having schizoaffective disorder) and 26 age-matched and sex-matched healthy control subjects (25 usable magnetic resonance spectroscopy data sets from the latter). <h3>Intervention</h3> <sup>31</sup>P magnetization transfer spectroscopy. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome measure was the forward rate constant (<i>kf</i>) of the creatine kinase enzyme in the frontal lobe. We also collected independent measures of brain intracellular pH and steady-state metabolite ratios of high-energy phosphate-containing compounds (phosphocreatine and adenosine triphosphate [ATP]), inorganic phosphate, and the 2 membrane phospholipids phosphodiester and phosphomonoester. <h3>Results</h3> A substantial (22%) and statistically significant (<i>P</i> = .003) reduction in creatine kinase<i>kf</i>was observed in SZ. In addition, intracellular pH was significantly reduced (7.00 in the SZ group vs 7.03 in the control group,<i>P</i> = .007) in this condition. The phosphocreatine to ATP ratio, inorganic phosphate to ATP ratio, and phosphomonoester to ATP ratio were not substantially altered in SZ, but a significant (<i>P</i> = .02) reduction was found in the phosphodiester to ATP ratio. The abnormalities were similar between SZ and schizoaffective disorder. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Using a novel<sup>31</sup>P magnetization transfer magnetic resonance spectroscopy approach, we provide direct and compelling evidence for a specific bioenergetic abnormality in SZ. Reduced<i>kf</i>of the creatine kinase enzyme is consistent with an abnormality in storage and use of brain energy. The intracellular pH reduction suggests a relative increase in the contribution of glycolysis to ATP synthesis, providing convergent evidence for bioenergetic abnormalities in SZ. The similar phosphocreatine to ATP ratios in SZ and healthy controls suggest that the underlying bioenergetics abnormality is not associated with change in this metabolite ratio.
A novel and de novo spontaneous point mutation (Glu271STOP) of the antithrombin gene results in a type I deficiency and thrombophilia
Authors: Michael D. Tarantino, Sharon M. Curtis, G. Stephan Johnson, John S. Waye, Morris A. Blajchman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

We describe a novel, de novo point mutation in one antithrombin (AT) allele resulting in type I AT deficiency and thrombophilia. Low plasma AT activity as well as low plasma AT antigen were documented in the propositus, but not in the parents, or in a male sibling. AT gene analysis by sequencing polymerase chain reaction-amplified genomic DNA from exon 5 of the propositus revealed a novel point mutation, GAG→TAG at codon 271, resulting in a stop codon (Glu271STOP). This mutation was not demonstrable in the other members of his immediate family. DNA marker polymorphism analysis indicated the expected parentage. Based on allele frequency data for Caucasians in the United States the cumulative paternity index, or CPI, for the propositus and his father is 219,077. This corresponds to a probability of paternity of 99.9995% based on a prior probability of 50%. Included in this analysis is a linkage analysis of a trinucleotide repeat in intron 5 of the AT gene of the various family members, which also confirmed maternity and paternity. These studies provide documentation of the first spontaneous mutation of an AT gene in a thrombophilic individual, resulting in a type I AT deficiency. Am. J. Hematol 60:126–129, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Epidemiology of Psychosomatic Disorders in Iran
Authors: K.W. Bash
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

Psychiatric-epidemiological surveys executed from 1963 to 1976 in Iran with the help of the WHO sampled all three principal components (rural, urban, tribal) of the population <S01_MathematicalPi1>$</S01_MathematicalPi1> 6 years. The surveys employed questionnaires and tests in a first screening phase and individual psychiatric examinations of all suspects in a second. They were based partly on census studies, partly on random samples. Prevalencies per 1,000 for all psychiatric cases were: rural 149, urban 166, tribal 21; for all psychoreactive cases (included in the foregoing) rural 87, urban 98, tribal 12; for all psychosomatic cases (included in the psychoreactive) rural 17, urban 23, tribal 9. All tribal rates were significantly lower. Reactive cases thus accounted for 59% of the total psychiatric morbidity, psychosomatic cases for 14% of it. Significant sex differences were found only in the poorer strata. The distribution of types of psychosomatic disorder differed from what Cremerius has reported for Munich, with more psychosomatic headache and less pulmonary/cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disturbance.
Differential role of TIMP2 and TIMP3 in cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Dong Fan, Abhijit Takawale, Ratnadeep Basu, Vaibhav Patel, Jiwon Lee, Vijay Kandalam, Xiuhua Wang, Gavin Y. Oudit, Zamaneh Kassiri
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

AimsTissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) can mediate myocardial remodelling, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in heart disease. We investigated the impact of TIMP2 vs. TIMP3 deficiency in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced myocardial remodelling and cardiac dysfunction.
Intraperitoneal Urine Leak After Prostatectomy Confirmed by 99mTc-MAG3 Renogram
Authors: Brian Pogatchnik, Serena Monti, David H. Lewis, Demetra A. Heinrich, Lorenzo Mannelli
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 67-year-old patient presented with abdominal pain and distension 2 days after robotic radical prostatectomy for prostate carcinoma. He became anuric, and his serum creatinine level doubled, making IV contrast contraindicated. Abdominal CT without contrast demonstrated hypodense fluid in the peritoneum. Tc-MAG3 renogram detected extravasation of radiotracer from the bladder. Follow-up retrograde cystogram revealed a posterior anastomotic leak. The patient underwent uneventful surgical repair and made a full recovery. This case demonstrated that Tc-MAG3 can prove leak from the urinary tract, particularly helpful in the setting of poor renal function and contraindication to IV contrast.
Home nebulisers in childhood asthma: survey of hospital supervised use.
Authors: I M Bendefy
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To review the management of and outcome in asthmatic children using home nebulisers under hospital supervision. DESIGN--Postal questionnaires sent to parents. SETTING--Paediatric departments of a children9s hospital and a district general hospital. SUBJECTS--Parents of 93 asthmatic children who had been loaned home nebulisers for administration of bronchodilators with verbal instructions on their use. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Drugs administered with nebuliser, side effects, frequency of hospital admission, and theoretical management of a severe attack. RESULTS--84 children took salbutamol and 37 received more than 10 mg a day during attacks; side effects were reported in 54 children. Parents of 16 children said that they would give another dose of bronchodilator rather than seek medical help if their child failed to respond to the first dose. Since being loaned nebulisers 65 children were admitted to hospital less frequently and 16 were not readmitted; over two thirds of parents thought that there had been a marked improvement in their child9s asthma. CONCLUSIONS--Home nebulisers are valuable in childhood asthma. Excessive doses of bronchodilators may be given, however, and a weight related dose may be more appropriate. Parents should be given written as well as verbal instructions, especially regarding the management of severe attacks.
Role of 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring in a general hospital.
Authors: A A McLeod, D E Jewitt
Journal: BMJ (1978)

During 1976, 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring was available to all physicians at this hospital, and 281 patients were investigated by 322 recordings. Cardiac arrhythmias requiring treatment were detected in 100 patients (36%). Some presented after symptoms such as faintness, giddiness, palpitations, collapse, or fits, but ominous arrhythmias were also found in asymptomatic patients. A demand pacemaker was implanted for episodic sinoatrial or atrioventricular conduction disorder in 30, while 70 patients (25%) required antiarrhythmic drug treatment for ventricular or atrial tachyarrhythmias. Facilities for ambulatory 24-hour ECG monitoring are necessary in any large hospital, and precise diagnosis in most of our patients studied could not have been achieved by any other investigation.
Low-Dose Hydrocortisone for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Riccardo Baschetti
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On the Value of Serums and Vaccines in the Treatment of Disease
Authors: N. Raw
Journal: BMJ (1910)

addition a toxin able to act upon the kinaesthetic (motor) centres is but to state in other words a clinical observation and not to explain its essential nature.4. There is still another form of motor paralysis asso- ciated with migraine-the so-called ophthalmic migraine (Charcot's " migraine ophthalmique ").I have left this to the last, as it is impossible to consider it fully in this paper, and its conDexion with migraine is denied by good observers.Thus, it has been called hemicrania with third nerve paralysis.18Undoubtedly cases grouped together under this head own different pathological causes.Most commonly the paralysis is confined to the third nerve on one side, but in other cases of a similar kind the fourth, fifth, and sixth (and occasionally the seventh) nerves may be also affected.The reasons why some authors have separated these cases from true migraine are that in many cases there is no aura, no heredity, the pains may last for weeks, and some degree of paralysis persists in the intervals.There are, however, other cases which satisfy all the above criteria for ordinary migraine, and in which there is a return to normal between the attacks.Probably the accounts have been written from two distinct groups of cases: (1) Cases in which intermitting attacks of third nerve paralysis are preceded by attacks oif headache corresponding in clinical aspect (including aura and heredity) to typical migraine, and do not end in permanent paralysis;(2) cases which show periodic ex- acerbations, but in which from the first, or early in the course of the disease, there is a certain amount of persistent weakness which ends in permanent paralysis.14In the first set of cases we may probably go further and say with Senator and Bernhardt that there is no recog- nizable lesion, whilst in the second group the lesions that have been found in the few cases that have undergone pathological investigation are (1) tumours (Karplus and Thomsen) at the base of the brain involving the third nerve, (2) a mass of granulation tissue, and (3) syphilitic lesions in the same situation.Cases of this nature, however, form a clinical group so distinct from ordinary migraine that they are better considered apart from it until more is known about them.REFERENCES.
Meperidine vs Morphine
Authors: David W. Westring
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  The statement by Alderman (229:1647, 1974) that  hydrochloride in parenterally administered doses of 75 mg provides effective analgesia of the same duration as does 10 mg of morphine sulphate is counter to that of standard texts and journals of pharmacology 1-3 and is not consistent with our own experience.  While it is accepted that the meperidine dose equivalent to 10 mg of morphine is 75 to 100 mg, duration of analgesia by meperidine may be as little as 50% that of morphine. This may not be observed when the pain of myocardial anoxia is fully or partially relieved during the first or second administration of analgesic, but in chronic or sustained pain, such as occurs in malignant invasion of bones or in sickle cell crisis, the difference is readily apparent to the alert physician and nurse.  It has been suggested that physicians are undertreating patients in pain.
Revisiting Crohn's disease as a primary immunodeficiency of macrophages
Authors: Jean-Laurent Casanova, Laurent Abel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Despite two decades of mouse immunology and human genetics studies, the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) remains elusive. New clinical investigations suggest that CD may be caused by inborn errors of macrophages. These errors may result in impaired attraction of granulocytes to the gut wall, causing impaired clearance of intruding bacteria, thereby precipitating the formation of granulomas. This theory paves the way for a macrophage-based Mendelian genetic dissection of CD.
Treatment of Hutchinson's melanotic freckle
Authors: Rodney Dawber, John Wilkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Journal Article Treatment of Hutchinson's melanotic freckle Get access Rodney Dawber, Rodney Dawber Department of Dermatology, Slade Hospital, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Wilkinson John Wilkinson Department of Dermatology, Slade Hospital, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 102, Issue 2, 1 February 1980, Page 241, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb05704.x Published: 01 February 1980
Duplications and Expression of DIVARICATA-Like Genes in Dipsacales
Authors: D. G. Howarth, M. J. Donoghue
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

The genetics underlying flower symmetry shifts between radial and bilateral symmetry has been intensively studied in the model Antirrhinum majus. Understanding the conservation or diversification of this genetic pathway in other plants is of special interest in understanding angiosperm evolution and ecology. Evidence from Antirrhinum indicates that TCP and MYB transcription factors, especially CYCLOIDEA (CYC), DICHOTOMA (DICH), DIVARICATA (DIV), and RADIALIS (RAD) play a role in specifying dorsal identity (CYC, DICH, and RAD) and ventral identity (DIV) in the corolla and androecium of monosymmetric (bilateral) flowers. Previous data indicate that the ECE clade of TCP genes (including CYC and DICH) underwent two duplication events around the diversification of the core eudicots. In this study, we examined the duplication events within Dipsacales, which contains both radially and bilaterally symmetrical flowered species. Additionally, we report here the phylogenetic relationships of the DIV-like genes across core eudicots. Like TCP genes, we found three core eudicot clades of DIV-like genes, with duplications occurring around the diversification of the core eudicots, which we name DIV1, DIV2, and DIV3. The Antirrhinum genes, DIVARICATA and its sister DVL1, fall into the DIV1 clade. We also found additional duplications within these clades in Dipsacales. Specifically, the Caprifoliaceae (bilaterally symmetrical clade) duplicated independently in each of the three core eudicot DIV clades. Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR), we showed that most of these copies are expressed across floral tissues in the Dipsacales species Heptacodium miconioides. One copy, DipsDIV1A (orthologous to DIV and DVL1), was expressed in a dorsal–ventral pattern. DipsDIV1A was expressed only in petal tissue, in both dorsal and ventral regions but was lacking from lateral petals. We argue that this suggests that DipsDIV1A may be expressed in a similar pattern to DIV in Antirrhinum, suggesting a broad conservation of this pathway. Finally, DIV contains a large intron near the beginning of the second MYB domain, which shows promise as a highly variable molecular marker for phylogenetic studies.
Spontaneous termination of circus movement tachycardia using an atrioventricular accessory pathway: incidence, site of block and mechanisms.
Authors: D L Ross, J Farre, F W Bar, E J Vanagt, P Brugada, I Wiener, H J Wellens
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The incidence, mechanisms and sites of block of spontaneous termination of circus movement tachycardia (CMT) using an atrioventricular accessory pathway (AP) were analyzed in 24 consecutive patients (17 with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and seven with a concealed AP) who were not receiving antiarrhythmic drugs. Spontaneous termination of tachycardia occurred in 10 patients (105 episodes). A reduced "safety margin" of tachycardia was the only factor that was significantly more common in the patients who manifested spontaneous termination (p less than 0.01). The site of spontaneous block was located in the AP in six patients (50 episodes), atrioventricular node (AVN) in six patients (37 episodes) and His-Purkinje system (HPS) in three patients (18 episodes). At least 14 mechanisms leading to block in the tachycardia circuit were identified. Labile conduction during tachycardia occurred at multiple sites (AVN, His bundle, bundle branches, and AP). Analysis of the duration of tachycardia before spontaneous termination showed a characteristic time pattern for block at each site, consistent with the autonomic and electrophysiologic changes that occur after induction of tachycardia. Spontaneous termination of CMT using an AP is a common phenomenon. Many mechanisms are involved, which are often complex and dependent on interplay of the electrophysiologic characteristics of the components of the tachycardia circuit.
Airway pressure release ventilation versus assist-control ventilation: a comparative propensity score and international cohort study
Authors: Marco González, Alejandro C. Arroliga, Fernando Frutos-Vivar, Konstantinos Raymondos, Andres Esteban, Christian Putensen, Carlos Apezteguía, Javier Hurtado, Pablo Desmery, Vinko Tomicic, José Elizalde, Fekri Abroug, Yaseen Arabi, Rui Moreno, Antonio Anzueto, Niall D. Ferguson
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)