tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF STANDARD DIET FORMULAS IN THE CONTROL OF JUVENILE DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: J. D. BOYD
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Control of diabetes mellitus requires that the food of the patient be strictly prescribed, both as to nature and as to amount. The food requirements of the child, in contrast with those of the adult, change progressively with growth. The prescribing of individual diets for diabetic children involves the calculation and assembly of a large number of menus to suit the varying needs. The matter thus becomes difficult, not only because it is laborious and time consuming, but also because it involves a detailed knowledge of nutrition, which a physician may not possess.  Because of this difficulty in prescribing individual diets, standard basic diet formulas have been devised which eliminate the necessity for calculation and insure a completeness of the diet, at the same time allowing sufficient variety to satisfy the appetite and to conform to seasonal changes in food supply. The use of these basic formulas also simplifies the
The stimulation of osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by ionic products from akermanite dissolution via activation of the ERK pathway
Authors: Huijie Gu, Fangfang Guo, Xiao Zhou, Lunli Gong, Yun Zhang, Wanyin Zhai, Lei Chen, Lian Cen, Shuo Yin, Jiang Chang, Lei Cui
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Long-term replacement of a mutated nonfunctional CNS gene: reversal of hypothalamic diabetes insipidus using an EIAV-based lentiviral vector expressing arginine vasopressin
Authors: Alison S Bienemann, Enca Martin-Rendon, Anna S Cosgrave, Colin P.J Glover, Liang-Fong Wong, Susan M Kingsman, Kyriacos A Mitrophanous, Nicholas D Mazarakis, James B Uney
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Due to the complexity of brain function and the difficulty in monitoring alterations in neuronal gene expression, the potential of lentiviral gene therapy vectors to treat disorders of the CNS has been difficult to fully assess. In this study, we have assessed the utility of a third-generation equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) in the Brattleboro rat model of diabetes insipidus, in which a mutation in the arginine vasopressin (AVP) gene results in the production of nonfunctional mutant AVP precursor protein. Importantly, by using this model it is possible to monitor the success of the gene therapy treatment by noninvasive assays. Injection of an EIAV-CMV-AVP vector into the supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus resulted in expression of functional AVP peptide in magnocellular neurons. This was accompanied by a 100% recovery in water homeostasis as assessed by daily water intake, urine production, and urine osmolality lasting for a 1-year measurement period. These data show that a single gene defect leading to a neurological disorder can be corrected with a lentiviral-based strategy. This study highlights the potential of using viral gene therapy for the long-term treatment of disorders of the CNS.
Abstract 16129: Mechanical Alternans Associated With Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Robert Kim, Steven p Schulman, Rhondalyn C McLean, Ilan S Wittstein, Oscar H Cingolani, Elizabeth A Robinson, Jeffrey A Brinker, Charles A Henrikson, Hugh G Calkins, Ronald D Berger, Larisa G Tereshchenko
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Alternans of calcium cycling is important for the development of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs). We hypothesized that mechanical alternans (MA) predicts VTs in the cardiac intensive care unit (...
Diagnosis of Ischemic Necrosis of the Hip
Authors: Edward J. Easton
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr Griffith's article on the early diagnosis of ischemic necrosis of the hip (1981;246:2615) states that, "In practice it appears that only two specific types of osteonecrosis can be demonstrated with any degree of accuracy using nuclear techniques. These are necrosis occurring in Legg-Perthes disease and after fractures of the femoral head." While this may have been the case in 1975,I do not believe that it is true in 1981. In addition to the technetium phosphate compounds for evaluating ischemic necrosis of the hip, technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid marrow scanning is another useful nuclear technique for the determination of femoral head vascularity. In cases where the bone scan with technetium phosphate compounds demonstrates increased uptake secondary to reactive bone formation, the technetium Tc 99m sulfur colloid marrow scan may be of great help in pinpointing avascular areas that are otherwise obscured. Meyers et al<sup>1</sup>found
Factor V Inhibitor: Report of a Case, with Comments on a Possible Effect of Streptomycin
Authors: Donald I. Feinstein, Samuel I. Rapaport, May M. Y. Chong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

A 78-year-old woman developed, postoperatively, a spontaneous, transient factor V inhibitor. She is the third patient with this inhibitor that we have seen and the seventh patient reported in the English-language literature. She did not bleed severely, despite major surgery after discovery of the inhibitor. Because clinical bleeding in the other reported patients also was mild and the inhibitor disappeared spontaneously without specific therapy we believed that treatment should only be supportive. With specific antiserums, the inhibitor was characterized as a heterogeneous IgG antibody. The mechanism leading to its development is unknown, but a possible relation with the administration of streptomycin is discussed.
Renal Uptake of 99mTc-Sulfur Colloid in Liver Transplant Patients
Authors: CHRISTOPHER C. KUNI, WILLIAM C. KLINGENSMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

There was renal uptake of 99 mTc-sulfur colloid in liver-spleen studies performed on three liver transplant patients. Unlike all previously reported patients, none was in congestive heart failure. The mechanism of this uptake is unknown, but in our three patients it did not correlate with hepatic or renal function.
Efficacy And Safety Of Sublingual 300IR 5-grass Pollen Tablets In Adult Patients With Grass-pollen Rhinoconjunctivitis In United States
Authors: L. Cox, T. Casale, A. Nayak, D. Bernstein, S. Mekhaldi, O. De Beaumont, M. Mélac, A. Montagut, P. Creticos
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Systematic review of cost effectiveness studies of telemedicine interventions
Authors: P. S Whitten
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To systematically review cost benefit studies of telemedicine. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review of English language, peer reviewed journal articles. <b>Data sources:</b> Searches of Medline, Embase, ISI citation indexes, and database of Telemedicine Information Exchange. <b>Studies selected:</b> 55 of 612 identified articles that presented actual cost benefit data. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Scientific quality of reports assessed by use of an established instrument for adjudicating on the quality of economic analyses. <b>Results:</b> 557 articles without cost data categorised by topic. 55 articles with data initially categorised by cost variables employed in the study and conclusions. Only 24/55 (44%) studies met quality criteria justifying inclusion in a quality review. 20/24 (83%) restricted to simple cost comparisons. No study used cost utility analysis, the conventional means of establishing the "value for money" that a therapeutic intervention represents. Only 7/24 (29%) studies attempted to explore the level of utilisation that would be needed for telemedicine services to compare favourably with traditionally organised health care. None addressed this question in sufficient detail to adequately answer it. 15/24 (62.5%) of articles reviewed here provided no details of sensitivity analysis, a method all economic analyses should incorporate. <b>Conclusion:</b> There is no good evidence that telemedicine is a cost effective means of delivering health care.
Biomedical approach cannot deal with India's public health problems, says health activist
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Doctors have been “dumped” as a people’s public health movement aimed at challenging the traditional biomedical model of healthcare grows across India, one of its leading supporters has claimed on a visit to the United Kingdom.

Ravi Narayan, a public health consultant, said, “The exciting changes we see are taking place in spite of the medical profession. Public health is too important to be left to doctors.”

He and his wife, Thelma Narayan, held a seminar at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine on developments in India’s public health systems. They are both alumni of the school, public health specialists, and leading …
Ulcerative-Obstructive Lesions of the Small Intestine
Authors: F. Douglas Lawrason
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Primary nonspecific ulceration of the small intestine is a unique and characteristic lesion. The ulcer, usually single, occurs in the wall of the ileum or jejunum and is frequently accompanied by an annular ring of fibrous tissue. Perforation, although not common, does occur. The presenting symptoms are generally those of small-bowel obstruction, and the treatment is surgical.  This lesion was first described by Mattew Baillie in 1805, and since then has rarely been described in the medical literature. A review in 19631produced only 170 case reports.  During the summer of 1964, a few scattered cases were reported describing a similar small intestinal lesion occurring in patients being treated with various formulations of potassium chloride or a diuretic for oral administration. In September and November 1964 two publications appeared, one by Lindholmer, Nyman, and Raf2from Stockholm, and the other by Baker, Schrader, and Hitchcock3from Minneapolis.
Effects of inhaled histamine, methacholine and capsaicin on sputum levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin
Authors: H. Halldorsdottir, L. Greiff, P. Wollmer, M. Andersson, C. Svensson, U. Alkner, C. G. Persson
Journal: Thorax (1997)

BACKGROUND: Plasma exudation-derived proteins and peptides contribute significantly to inflammation in the airway mucosa in vivo. In the guinea pig trachea both histamine and the neurogenic stimulant capsaicin produce acute mucosal tissue distribution and luminal entry of bulk plasma, whereas cholinergic agonists fail to produce this effect. Of these agents, only histamine induces mucosal exudation of plasma in human nasal airways. The exudative effect of the above agents on human bronchi remains unknown. METHODS: The bronchial exudative responses to inhalation of histamine, methacholine, and capsaicin were examined in two groups of healthy volunteers. Sputum was induced on three occasions in each study group by inhalation of hypertonic saline (4.5%) given as an aerosol for 40 minutes using an ultrasonic nebuliser. The second and third occasions were preceded by histamine and capsaicin challenges in the first study group, and by histamine and methacholine challenges in the second study group. Histamine and methacholine were given in cumulative doses (total doses 3160 micrograms, respectively) or until a 20% reduction in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was achieved. Cumulative doses of capsaicin were inhaled until coughing prevented the subjects from drawing a full breath. Sputum levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin (729 kDa) were measured as an index of mucosal exudation of bulk plasma. RESULTS: Histamine increased mean (SE) sputum levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin from 2.72 (1.01) micrograms/ml (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49 to 4.94) to 18.38 (8.03) micrograms/ml (95% CI 0.49 to 36.27) in the first group, and from 1.66 (0.84) micrograms/ml (95% CI -0.18 to 3.49) to 9.43 (3.63) micrograms/ml (95% CI 1.59 to 17.27) in the second group. In contrast, capsaicin evoked no exudation (sputum levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin 1.21 (0.28) micrograms/ml (95% CI 0.59 to 1.83)) and methacholine produced a minor increase in sputum levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin (2.90 (0.92) micrograms/ml (95% CI 0.90 to 4.89)). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that histamine is a useful agent for studying bronchial exudative responsiveness in man and that exudative effects are only of marginal importance in the cough and bronchoconstriction produced by capsaicin and methacholine.
The use of isotretinoin in a renal transplant patient with acne
Authors: Margaret Tam, A. Cooper
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article The use of isotretinoin in a renal transplant patient with acne Get access Margaret Tam, Margaret Tam Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Area Health Service, Pacific Highway, St Leonards, N.S.W. 2065, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Cooper A. Cooper Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital and Area Health Service, Pacific Highway, St Leonards, N.S.W. 2065, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 116, Issue 3, 1 March 1987, Page 463, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05860.x Published: 01 March 1987
Relationship of Cell-Cycle Expression of Ia-like Antigenic Determinants on Normal and Leukemia Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells to Regulation In Vitro by Acidic Isoferritins
Authors: Hal E. Broxmeyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

An association has been established between human Ia-like (Ia) antigenic determinants, expression during DNA synthesis on granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells (CFU-GM) and the regulatory action of acidic isoferritins in vitro. Treatment of human bone marrow cells with monoclonal-anti-Ia-like (Ia) plus complement inhibited colony and cluster formation by ∼50% but did not affect pre-CFU-GM. Reduction of colonies and clusters was similar whether bone marrow cells were exposed to anti-Ia plus complement, high specific activity tritiated thymidine (3HTdr) or acidic isoferritins. No further decrease was apparent with 3HTdr or acidic isoferritins after Ia-antigen+ CFU-GM were removed, or with anti-Ia plus complement or acidic isoferritins after DNA synthetic phase (S-phase) CFU-GM were removed. Anti-Ia, without complement, did not reduce colony or cluster formation but did block the inhibitory action of acidic isoferritins. A relationship existed between Ia antigens and the activity of acidic isoferritins in the following ways: (a) The apparent loss of Ia-antigens from CFU-GM by 5 h in culture at 37°C, but not at 27° or 4°C, was associated with nonresponsiveness to inhibition with acidic isoferritins, (b) Ia-antigen−, noncycling pre-CFU-GM that were insensitive to acidic isoferritins could generate a population of Ia-antigen+ cycling CFU-GM in vitro that were responsive to inhibition by acidic isoferritins, and (c) nondetectability of Ia-antigens on CFU-GM from patients with leukemia was associated with nonresponsiveness to inhibition by acidic isoferritins. These results implicate Ia-antigen+ progenitor cells in the regulation of myelopoiesis in vitro and demonstrate that absence of Ia-antigens on patient CFU-GM is associated with imbalances in normal regulatory interactions in vitro. These findings may be of relevance to normal regulation and to the progression of leukemia.
How often should children visit the dentist?
Authors: G B Winter, J J Murray
Journal: BMJ (1985)

They also quote their own finding of "possible psychological impairment and neuroradiological changes associated with long term administration" but do not quote their later opinion that there is "no compelling evidence for or against causal relationship,"2 or the negative studies by Poser et al' and Rickels.4SThere has been no confirmatory evidence to support the uncontrolled study from the Maudsley group.
Activation of gp130 Transduces Hypertrophic Signals via STAT3 in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Keita Kunisada, Eiroh Tone, Yasushi Fujio, Hideo Matsui, Keiko Yamauchi-Takihara, Tadamitsu Kishimoto
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —gp130, a signal transducer of the IL-6–related cytokines, is expressed ubiquitously, including in the heart. The activation of gp130 in cardiac myocytes was reported to induce myocardial hypertrophy. The downstream side of gp130 consists of two distinct pathways in cardiac myocytes, one a Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, the other a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In the present study, we examined whether the JAK/STAT pathway, especially the STAT3-mediated pathway, plays a critical role in gp130-dependent myocardial hypertrophy by transfecting wild-type and mutated-type STAT3 cDNA to cardiac myocytes. Methods and Results —We constructed three kinds of replication-defective adenovirus vectors carrying wild-type (AD/WT) or mutated-type (AD/DN) STAT3 cDNA or adenovirus vector itself (AD). Cultured murine cardiac myocytes infected with adenovirus were stimulated with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and the expression of c- fos and atrial natriuretic factor ( ANF ) mRNAs and [ 3 H]leucine incorporation were examined. There were no significant differences in MAPK activity among the three groups. Compared with AD-transfected cardiac myocytes, induction of c- fos and ANF mRNAs and protein synthesis after LIF stimulation were significantly augmented in AD/WT-transfected cells. In contrast, induction of c- fos and ANF mRNA expression and protein synthesis were attenuated after LIF stimulation in cardiac myocytes transfected with AD/DN. Conclusions —These results suggest that the STAT3-dependent signaling pathway downstream of gp130 promotes cardiac myocyte hypertrophy under stimulation with LIF.
IgE-blocking Antibodies may account for a large Proportion of the observed Treatment Effect Induced by Specific Immunotherapy (SIT)
Authors: C. Ljørring, M.H. Shamji, P.A. Würtzen, K. Lund, A.J. Frew, S.R. Durham, H. Ipsen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Malformation of the Uterus: One Kidney Deficient: Ptyalism Caused by the Internal Use of Bismuth
Authors: John Cardew
Journal: BMJ (1845)

CASE O CEPHALOMA.63t a buffy coat with wlhitish strie; twice with greyish stri only; once it was of a brownish red.Second Blood-lektings.-Theproportion of globules was here still more notably diminished.The albumen preserved the same low figure, and the fibrin was a little less than what it was on the first venesection.The fatty matters varied but little, except the cholesterine, which was in every case increased.The phosphates were very abundant.These results were manifested without exception, in the three second blood-lettings.It shouild be added, that the serum was once slightly, once considerably, and once very abundant; and in -ll three cases slightly turbid.The clot was voluminous and resistant in each; twice it was buffed with stria; tnce it only presented whitish strise.
Women facing prophylactic mastectomy need more advice and support
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

More counselling, increased support, and better information are needed by women making decisions about prophylactic mastectomy.

Women who go ahead with surgery are not prepared for the level of postoperative incapacity, and after surgery most women experience pain or discomfort for between 10 days and six months, say the authors of a new study ( Breast 2003;12:1-9).

The study, designed to explore the attitudes and beliefs of women at high risk of developing breast cancer who had either accepted or declined bilateral prophylactic mastectomy, was based on interviews with 60 women who opted for mastectomy and 20 women who declined.

The authors of the study, …
Mandatory Continuing Education
Authors: Albert J. Finestone
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The communication by MAJ Glidden Neil Libby is well written and has an attention-getting title, but in my opinion it is only a pastiche. Practically all students, mature or otherwise, realize the inherent weakness of many lecture type programs. However, this is not to say that all lectures are useless; my point is not to defend the lecture. I am certain that Major Libby must know that increasing numbers of programs are built about information obtained from registrants, practice profiles, and problems uncovered by medical audits. Self-assessment and repeat medical audits are increasingly used to evaluate the effectiveness of these programs. Mandatory continuing education is another issue really unrelated to questions of effectiveness of these programs. If ineffective programs are presented and approved, a simple solution would be to establish different guidelines for approval for continuing education credits. I do not believe that communications such as this
Planning of Specialized Health Facilities
Authors: Maurice McGregor, Gerald Pelletier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

TO those who have come to look on the postwar boom years as "normal," the very idea of planning for the development of health facilities is anathema. They are used to a world in which specialized facilities have burgeoned, almost irrespective of cost, wherever they have been planted. The sole limitation has been the availability of patients with insurance, Medicare or Medicaid funds to bear the costs.This unrestricted freedom to develop specialized services such as neurosurgery or heart surgery, together with their necessary support facilities, has been extraordinarily rewarding. Those concerned have been able to command the best of . . .
Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia Beneath an Endoventricular Patch
Authors: Michifumi Tokuda, Jaimie Manlucu, Scott Brancato, Koichi Nagashima, Seiichiro Matsuo, Teiichi Yamane, Usha B. Tedrow, William G. Stevenson
Journal: Circulation (2014)