tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of therapeutic horseback riding on motor proficiency of mentally retarded children
Authors: Usha Sujit Nair, Shalini menon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic horseback riding on motor proficiency of moderate mentally retarded children. Forty mentally retarded children between the age group of 13 and 18 years were randomly assigned to an experimental and control group of 20 each. Both the groups were tested before and after 12 weeks of training period in the short form of Bruininks Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, which has eight factors: running speed and agility, balance, bilateral coordination, strength, upper limb coordination, response speed, visual motor control, upper limb speed and dexterity. Significant differences were seen in most of the selected variables of motor proficiency in MR children following 12 weeks of horseback riding programme (p&lt;0.05). Therapeutic horseback riding is an effective means for improving motor proficiency in mentally retarded children.
Relationship of Right Bundle-Branch Block and Marked Left Axis Deviation (with Left Parietal or Peri-infarction Block) to Complete Heart Block and Syncope
Authors: RICHARD P. LASSER, JACOB I. HAFT, CHARLES K. FRIEDBERG
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The pattern of complete right bundle-branch block (RBBB) combined with abnormal left axis deviation is shown to be the predominant conduction abnormality during orthograde (antegrade) conduction in patients who have experienced transient or permanent complete heart block (59% of a series of 44 patients). Sequential records on the same patient are presented showing progressive development of the complete pattern from left parietal and peri-infarction block alone and also from RBBB with normal axis deviation. Underlying abnormality is a partial bilateral bundle-branch block, that is, complete RBBB and involvement of the anterior-superior subdivision of the left bundle. The incidence of this pattern in 5,500 consecutive hospital records was 1%. Of these, 10% manifested complete heart block. It is suggested that a history of syncope or dizziness in a patient with the above pattern may denote that episodes of transient heart block have occurred.
Quantitative analysis of exercise electrocardiograms and left ventricular angiocardiograms in patients with abnormal QRS complexes at rest.
Authors: M L Simoons, M Van Den Brand, P G Hugenholtz
Journal: Circulation (1977)

The ECG changes during exercise are described in 71 patients with a previous anteroseptal or anterolateral infarction (ANT-MI) and in 73 patients with an old posterior or inferior wall infarction (INF-MI). Left ventricular angiograms in 95 patients yielded a good correlation between areas of dyssynergy and the QRS pattern at rest. The ST changes in patients with coronary artery disease and a normal ECG at rest, and in normal subjects, were oriented toward the right, posteriorly and superiorly. In patients with INF-MI and inferior wall dyssynergy, the ST changes were more inferiorly oriented. Anteriorly-oriented ST changes were associated with anterior wall or apical dyssynergy and with ANT-MI. Thus the spatial direction of the ST changes during exercise is related to three independent factors: those factors which cause the ST changes in normal subjects, the degree of myocardial ischemia in that particular case, and the extent of dyssynergic areas in the wall of the left ventricle.
Liberia appeals for funds to rebuild health system after peace
Authors: F. Fleck
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Liberia launched an appeal this week for $16m (£9.5m; €13.6m) to provide emergency health care and drugs in 2004 to its beleaguered population and to help it to start rebuilding its wrecked public health system from scratch.

Of more than 200 doctors and 600 physicians' assistants in Liberia before the war only about 25 doctors and 150 paramedics remained in place, as thousands of people fled for their lives.

World Health Organization officials in Geneva said they hoped the appeal, launched just a month after the 14 year …
Sample size: how many participants are needed in a cohort study?
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers estimated the prevalence of pertussis infection in school age children after implementation of the preschool pertussis booster vaccination in the UK in October 2001. A prospective cohort study design was used. Children aged 5-15 years who presented with persistent cough in primary care were recruited. Recruitment took place between November 2010 and December 2012. The primary outcome was pertussis infection, as diagnosed by an oral fluid anti-pertussis toxin IgG titre.1

The sample size was based on an anticipated 20% prevalence of pertussis in the study population. The precision of the estimate needed to be within five percentage points as assessed by the 95% confidence interval for the population prevalence—that is, a 95% confidence interval of 15% to 25%. The required sample size was 246. To allow for a potential 20% failure rate in obtaining oral fluid samples with sufficient total IgG for analysis, the required sample size was increased to 300.

In total, 294 children were recruited of whom 279 (94.9%) had sufficient total IgG for analysis. It was reported that 56 (20.1%, 95% confidence interval 15.4% to 24.8%) children had evidence of recent pertussis infection, including 39 (18.1%, 13.0% to 23.3%) of 215 children who had been fully vaccinated. It was concluded that a fifth of school age children who present in primary care …
Cancer-testis antigens are commonly expressed in multiple myeloma and induce systemic immunity following allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Djordje Atanackovic, Julia Arfsten, Yanran Cao, Sacha Gnjatic, Frank Schnieders, Katrin Bartels, Georgia Schilling, Christiane Faltz, Christine Wolschke, Judith Dierlamm, Gerd Ritter, Thomas Eiermann, Dieter Kurt Hossfeld, Axel R. Zander, Achim A. Jungbluth, Lloyd J. Old, Carsten Bokemeyer, Nicolaus Kröger
Journal: Blood (2006)
The irresistible biology of resistin
Authors: Gökhan S. Hotamisligil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Resistin and RELMβ impair glucose metabolism in the liverThis picture is certainly complicated.In this issue of the JCI, Rajala et al. provide much-needed clarification of the biological functions of this family of proteins (13).In an elegant set of in vivo experiments, the authors
Phase II Study of Eribulin Mesylate, a Halichondrin B Analog, in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer Previously Treated With an Anthracycline and a Taxane
Authors: Linda T. Vahdat, Brian Pruitt, Carol J. Fabian, Ragene R. Rivera, David A. Smith, Elizabeth Tan-Chiu, Jonathan Wright, Antoinette R. Tan, Noshir A. DaCosta, Ellen Chuang, John Smith, Joyce O'Shaughnessy, Dale E. Shuster, Nicole L. Meneses, Kumari Chandrawansa, Fang Fang, Patricia E. Cole, Simon Ashworth, Joanne L. Blum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Eribulin mesylate (E7389), a nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor, is a structurally simplified, synthetic analog of the marine natural product halichondrin B. This open-label, single-arm, phase II study evaluated efficacy and tolerability of eribulin in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).MBC patients who were previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane received eribulin mesylate (1.4 mg/m(2)) as a 2- to 5-minute intravenous (IV) infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Because of neutropenia (at day 15), an alternative regimen of eribulin on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle was administered. The primary end point was overall response rate.Of the 103 patients treated, the median number of prior chemotherapy regimens was four (range, one to 11 regimens). In the per-protocol population (n = 87), eribulin achieved an independently reviewed objective response rate (all partial responses [PRs]) of 11.5% (95% CI, 5.7 to 20.1) and a clinical benefit rate (PR plus stable disease > or = 6 months) of 17.2% (95% CI, 10.0 to 26.8). The median duration of response was 171 days (5.6 months; range, 44 to 363 days), the median progression-free survival was 79 days (2.6 months; range, 1 to 453 days), and the median overall survival was 275 days (9.0 months; range, 15 to 826 days). The most common drug-related grades 3 to 4 toxicities were as follows: neutropenia, 64%; leukopenia, 18%; fatigue, 5%; peripheral neuropathy, 5%; and febrile neutropenia, 4%.Eribulin demonstrated activity with manageable tolerability (including infrequent grade 3 and no grade 4 neuropathy) in heavily pretreated patients with MBC when dosed as a short IV infusion on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle.
Abstract 3042: TPX2 and AURKA promote 20q amplicon driven colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression
Authors: Anke H. Sillars-Hardebol, Beatriz Carvalho, Marianne Tijssen, Jeroen A.M. Beliën, Meike de Wit, Pien M. Delis-van Diemen, Fredrik Pontén, Mark A. van de Wiel, Remond J.A. Fijneman, Gerrit A. Meijer
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Gain of a large segment of chromosome 20q is associated with progression of colorectal adenomas into carcinomas, implying that multiple genes on the 20q amplicon drive carcinogenesis. Candidate driver genes are expected to be expressed at mRNA and protein levels that correlate with the 20q amplicon DNA copy number status, while functionally affecting one or several cancer-related processes. Integration of CGH profiles with mRNA profiles of a series of colorectal tumors revealed thirty-two candidate genes whose DNA copy number status correlated with mRNA expression levels. Aim: To functionally analyse the effects of the candidate oncogenes on cancer-related processes by downregulation using siRNA strategies. Results: Downmodulation of TPX2 (20q11.2) and AURKA (20q13.2) mRNA expression in CRC cell lines with 20q gain affected cell viability, anchorage-independent growth, and invasion. Moreover, immunohistochemical evaluation demonstrated a significant correlation between their protein levels and 20q DNA copy number status in a series of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that at least two genes located on distinct regions of chromosome 20q promote colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression and indicate that TPX2, like AURKA, is a promising target for anti-cancer drug development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3042. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3042
Measuring central pulmonary pressures during exercise in COPD: how to cope with respiratory effects
Authors: Bart G. Boerrigter, Aaron B. Waxman, Nico Westerhof, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf, David M. Systrom
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Respiratory influences are major confounders when evaluating central haemodynamics during exercise. We studied four different methods to assess mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) in cases of respiratory swings. Central haemodynamics were measured simultaneously with oesophageal pressure during exercise in 30 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. mPAP and PCWP were assessed at the end of expiration, averaged over the respiratory cycle and corrected for the right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform estimated intrathoracic pressure, and compared with the transmural pressures. Bland–Altman analyses showed the best agreement of mPAP averaged over the respiratory cycle (bias (limits of agreement) 2.5 (-6.0–11.8) mmHg) and when corrected with the nadir of RAP (-3.6 (-11.2–3.9) mmHg). Measuring mPAP at the end of expiration (10.3 (0.5–20.3) mmHg) and mPAP corrected for the RAP swing (-9.3 (-19.8–2.1) mmHg) resulted in lower levels of agreement. The respiratory swings in mPAP and PCWP were similar (r 2 =0.82, slope± se 0.95±0.1). Central haemodynamics measured at the end of expiration leads to an overestimation of intravascular pressures in exercising COPD patients. Good measurement can be acquired even when oesopghageal pressure is omitted, by averaging pressures over the respiratory cycle or using the RAP waveform to correct for intrathoracic pressure. Assessment of the pulmonary gradient is unaffected by respiratory swings.
Treatment of patients with hepatitis C and cirrhosis
Authors: Teresa L. Wright
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Recommendations for treatment of hepatitis C in patients with cirrhosis are difficult. Few prospective studies have focused on treatment of patients with advanced disease, and response rates appear to be lower and serious side effects more frequent in patients with cirrhosis. In patients with compensated cirrhosis, combination therapy with interferon alfa (3 million units [MU] 3 times a week) and ribavirin (1,000 or 1,200 mg/d) results in a sustained virological response (SVR) in 33% to 41% of patients. Responses to combination therapy are not significantly higher using peginterferon alfa 2a (180 microg/wk; 43%) or peginterferon alfa 2b (1.5 microg /kg/wk; 44%) compared with standard interferon. In using peginterferon in combination therapy, the benefits of once weekly dosing need to be weighed against the higher risks of cytopenias and greater costs with the pegylated formulations. Combination therapy results in some degree of histological improvement even in patients who are virological non-responders. These findings provide the scientific basis for ongoing studies of maintenance therapy with peginterferon to prevent complications of cirrhosis in non-responder patients with hepatitis C. Recommendations for management of decompensated cirrhosis and of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation are difficult because of limitations of data, most of which are derived from uncontrolled case series. Combination therapy is poorly tolerated in both groups and rates of response are low. Thus, while the medical need is great, treatment of patients with decompensated cirrhosis or with recurrent hepatitis C after transplantation should be undertaken cautiously and only within the confines of prospective clinical trials.
Creatine Phosphokinase and Other Serum Enzymes During Radiotherapy
Authors: Franco M. Muggia
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Twenty-one patients receiving irradiation to major portions of the heart and 24 patients receiving noncardiac irradiation had serial determinations of serum enzymes including lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) before, during, and after therapy. The following conclusions were reached: (1) the serum LDH and SGOT values are not useful to detect radiation-induced myocardial damage since they (as well as the SGPT) are frequently abnormal and likely to reflect a variety of complications related to the neoplastic disease itself; (2) the CPK remains normal in patients receiving irradiation to various tumors, including large areas of skeletal muscle and the right border of the heart, but excluding the major muscular portion of the heart; and (3) a rise in CPK value, noted in five patients during and in two patients following irradiation to the heart, may reflect radiationinduced myocardial damage.
Effects of pyridoxamine (K-163) on glucose intolerance and obesity in high-fat diet C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Shinji Hagiwara, Tomohito Gohda, Mitsuo Tanimoto, Takamichi Ito, Maki Murakoshi, Ikko Ohara, Takahiko Yamazaki, Masakazu Matsumoto, Satoshi Horikoshi, Kazuhiko Funabiki, Yasuhiko Tomino
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
CONTINUOUS RECORDING OF THE HEART RATE DURING OPERATIONS
Authors: ERNST P. BOAS
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The behavior of the heart during operations has always been of vital interest to surgeons as an index to the general condition of the patient. Especial attention has been paid to the rate and quality of the pulse as well as to the blood pressure. The technic available heretofore has consisted largely of the palpation of the radial or temporal pulse by the anesthetist. The surgeon is informed of changes in the pulse only when a dramatic significant alteration has occurred. One of us<sup>1</sup>has devised an instrument, the cardiotachometer, by means of which the heart rate can be continuously recorded irrespective of the posture or degree of activity of the subject. The principle of the apparatus can be briefly described. The action current of the heart is led off from the chest by a pair of small electrodes. Ordinary green soap is used to improve the contact between
Antifungal Innate Immunity in C. elegans: PKCδ Links G Protein Signaling and a Conserved p38 MAPK Cascade
Authors: Katja Ziegler, C. Léopold Kurz, Sophie Cypowyj, Carole Couillault, Matthieu Pophillat, Nathalie Pujol, Jonathan J. Ewbank
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Germline and somatic genetic variations of TNFAIP3 in lymphoma complicating primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Gaetane Nocturne, Saida Boudaoud, Corinne Miceli-Richard, Say Viengchareun, Thierry Lazure, Joanne Nititham, Kimberly E. Taylor, Averil Ma, Florence Busato, Judith Melki, Christopher J. Lessard, Kathy L. Sivils, Jean-Jacques Dubost, Eric Hachulla, Jacques Eric Gottenberg, Marc Lombès, Jorg Tost, Lindsey A. Criswell, Xavier Mariette
Journal: Blood (2013)
Treatment of Carbamyl Phosphate Synthetase Deficiency with Keto Analogues of Essential Amino Acids
Authors: Mark Batshaw, Saul Brusilow, Mackenzie Walser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Congenital carbamyl phosphate synthetase deficiency was diagnosed by liver biopsy in a 13-year-old girl, alpha-Keto analogues of essential amino acids have been shown to spare nitrogen by reducing urea formation; hence, they were given to this patient in the hope of reducing hyperammonemia and improving protein tolerance. After intravenous infusion of the keto analogues of valine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine and phenylalanine, the corresponding plasma amino acids, including alloisoleucine and tyrosine, rose sharply. Twenty-four hours later, fasting plasma ammonia had fallen from the preinfusion value of 0.050 to 0.028 mM. Protein intake was kept at 0.5 g per kilogram for two weeks. Addition of keto acids by mouth reduced plasma ammonia and alanine to normal or near normal levels. Seizures and episodes of vomiting and lethargy decreased in frequency. Urinary nitrogen decreased, suggesting that nitrogen balance improved. These data indicate that keto acids may be useful in the treatment of congenital hyperammonemia.
A New Gastrocamera Technique Using Infrared Color Film
Authors: Seishirou Mimura, Shigeru Okuda
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

An attempt at infrared photography of the human gastric mucosa was made using the Olympus fiberoptic gastrocamera type S2 (GTF-S2) and Kodak Ektachrome Infrared Film (IE Film) (4). By critical selection of the illumination balance with No. 12 and doubled CC50C-2 of Kodak Wratten Filters (3), vessel patterns of the mucosa and deeper layers were photographed in orange and dark blue respectively; these patterns were invisible to the naked eye and were also not recorded by an ordinary gastrocamera.
The Treatment of Chronic Cor Pulmonale
Authors: RÉJANE M. HARVEY, M. IRENÉ FERRER, ANDRÉ COURNAND
Journal: Circulation (1953)

In this presentation stress has been laid upon the concept that the treatment, as well as the prognosis of chronic cor pulmonale depend upon the underlying pulmonary disease. It has long been known that the chief causes of chronic cor pulmonale are chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema and various forms of fibrosis, particularly the pneumoconioses. An understanding of the difference between these diseases, both as to their pulmonary dysfunction and their circulatory complications, is crucial to success in therapy. Management of the patient with chronic pulmonary emphysema and (or pulmoniale is quite different from that of the subject with fibrosis and right heart involxemenit. Unfortuniately, little as yet is known about the circulation in the pulmonary fibroses. In patients with pulmonary fibrosis as well as those with granulomas of the lung it would appear that the anatomic pulmonary lesion is chiefly responsible for the pulmonary hypertension, in contradistinction to the patients with emphysema. Inasmuch as the anatomic lesions are for the most part irreversible, so is the pulmonary hypertension. This has limited our therapeutic approach in this form of chronic cor pulmonale to rigorous restriction of physical activity directed at minimizing exacerbations of pulmonary hypertension. While emphasis has been placed upon the difference in management of the patient with emphysema or fibrosis and cor pulmonale, nonetheless it should be remembered that in any individual patient these two conditions may coexist. In that event, intensive therapy directed at the sequellae of emphysema may be very rewarding.
GlaxoSmithKline UK responds
Authors: P. Kon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Cohen and Carter explore whether the World Health Organization should have taken advice from experts who had declarable financial and research ties with pharmaceutical companies producing antivirals and influenza vaccines, including GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).1 Can experts provide advice on public health issues such as pandemic flu, as well as help to develop medicines and vaccines for …
The Lymphatic System
Authors: Edward A. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1975)

In this handsome volume, Battezzati and Donini have contributed significantly to the complex matter of lymphocyte biology. The inclusion of this material illuminates the subject of immunological functions of the lymphocyte, and makes this more comprehensive than most books on the lymphatic system. The basic physiology of the lymphatics has been well delineated by Courtice and Yoffey in past years, but the present chapters give a good review of both the old and more recent literature on this subject. The pertinent references are numerous; unfortunately some significant writings, and some quoted authors, are omitted. Nevertheless, the material on lymphocyte physiology should have particular value to workers in this field. The anatomy and pathology of lymph nodes and lymphatics are covered in some detail. The sections on lymphangiography are extensive and well done, with interesting presentations of pathology demonstrated by supplemental techniques of simultaneous venography, tomography of visualized nodes, and scintillation
Anterior tibial compartment syndrome following femoral artery perfusion
Authors: B. V. Palmer, J. L. Mercer
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Palmer, B. V., and Mercer, J. L. (1973).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>28</b>, 492-494. <b>Anterior tibial compartment syndrome following femoral artery perfusion.</b> Four patients are described who developed the anterior tibial compartment syndrome following open heart surgery. It occurred in the limb used for femoral artery perfusion in each patient. In two it was known that the collateral circulation to the limb was also considerably impaired. It is suggested that prolonged limb ischaemia is the major initiating factor. The treatment of these patients is discussed and although one patient was successfully treated conservatively, surgical treatment is advisable.