tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of a Shared Colon Epithelial Epitope on Barrett Epithelium by a Novel Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Kiron M. Das
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To determine if there is a reactive epitope common to colonic epithelium and Barrett epithelium, a premalignant metaplastic columnar-lined esophagus, usually arising as a complication of chronic reflux esophagitis. Design: A monoclonal antibody, 7E12H12 (IgM isotype), developed against a colonic epithelial protein was used in a sensitive immunoperoxidase assay using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. One hundred sixteen tissue specimens from the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and jejunum were examined. Twenty-two biopsy specimens were taken from 22 patients with benign Barrett epithelium, and 12 specimens were obtained from 12 patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus arising in Barrett epithelium. The remaining 85 tissue specimens were obtained from various parts of the upper gastrointestinal tract of patients with or without disease states. Results: 21 of 22 (95%) Barrett epithelium specimens and all 12 adenocarcinomas arising from Barrett epithelium reacted with the 7E12H12 monoclonal antibody. Other tissues from esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, stomach, duodenum, or jejunum did not react. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus also did not react. Conclusions: Barrett epithelium shares phenotypic expression of colonic epithelium. The 7E12H12 monoclonal antibody may provide insight into the origin and cellular lineage of Barrett epithelium.
Pulsus paradoxus in a patient with tricuspid atresia and hypoplastic right heart.
Authors: V C Baum, H Tarnoff, J I Hoffman
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Increased inspiratory right ventricular filling with a consequent shift of the ventricular septum to the left, thereby decreasing left ventricular filling, has been suggested as a mechanism of pulsus paradoxus. We recently saw a patient with tricuspid atresia and hypoplastic right ventricle who developed pulsus paradoxus. His course may help clarify the contribution of this mechanism.
A portable fiberoptic ratiometric fluorescence analyzer provides rapid point-of-care determination of glomerular filtration rate in large animals
Authors: Exing Wang, Daniel J. Meier, Ruben M. Sandoval, Vanessa E. Von Hendy-Willson, Barrak M. Pressler, Robert M. Bunch, Mouhamad Alloosh, Michael S. Sturek, George J. Schwartz, Bruce A. Molitoris
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Mallory bodies--immunohistochemical detection by antisera to unique non-prekeratin components.
Authors: J A Morton, K A Fleming, J M Trowell, J O McGee
Journal: Gut (1980)

Mallory bodies (MBs) were prepared in 95% pure form from a case of human chronic alcoholic liver disease. A protein referred to as Mallory body protein (MBP), was isolated from MB by reduction and alkylation which gave one band an SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. Antisera were raised to both purified MBs and MBP in rabbits and a goat. Both antisera, after absorption with spleen cells, specifically reacted immunohistochemically with MBs in frozen sections from patients with alcoholic liver disease. They also reacted with small granular structures in hepatocytes which are interpreted as a precursor or degradation product of MBs. The anti-MB serum also stained MBs in trypsinised paraffin sections in the immunoperoxidase procedure. Neither antisera reacted with normal liver or skin, and the reactivity of anti-MB and MBP sera for MBs was not abolished by absorption with prekeratin; these results indicate that MBs contain unique antigenic determinants not present in prekeratin. It is concluded that MBs are not simply composed of intermediate filament proteins.
Assessment of rheumatoid inflammation in the knee joint. A reappraisal.
Authors: J Paterson, W S Watson, E Teasdale, A L Evans, P Newman, W B James, D A Pitkeathly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Subjective pain score, clinical assessment, 99m technetium joint uptake, infrared thermography, and thermistor skin temperature measurements were evaluated and compared in patients with rheumatoid knee treated with intra-articular hydrocortisone. In 11 patients with definite and classical rheumatoid arthritis, 10 of whom had unilateral knee involvement, the affected knee joints were assessed by the above techniques before and at intervals after treatment of up to 14 days. The anti-inflammatory property of the steroid therapy was shown by all the assessment parameters, values having decreased significantly from the pretreatment values. However, the only parameter still showing a statistically significant decrease on the 14th post-treatment day was 99mTc joint uptake. Correlations were obtained between the two clinical measurements assessed by a physician i.e. pain score and index of joint inflammation. Both of these also correlated with the 99mTc joint uptake but not with skin temperature measurements. Using the clinical assessments as a yardstick, 99mTc joint uptake seemed to provide a useful index of changes in disease activity in the group as a whole. However, skin temperature measurements by infrared thermography and by the thermistor were of considerably less value.
Contraception for Teenagers
Authors: Robert J. Woolley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 July 1991Contraception for TeenagersRobert J. Woolley, MDRobert J. Woolley, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-2-159_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Among their otherwise excellent observations, Fielding and Williams (1) erroneously advise physicians to tell teenagers that "oral contraceptives and barrier methods (with spermicides) are the most effective methods" of birth control. This is simply not correct.Intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera, Upjohn, Kalamazoo, Michigan) is comparable or superior to oral contraceptives in method-effectiveness, whereas subcutaneous levonorgestrel implants (Norplant, Wyeth Laboratories, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) are more effective than any other method available, including surgical sterilization (2). The superiority in use-effectiveness of these two methods is even more pronounced (2), an especially important consideration for teenagers, who are notoriously unreliable...References1. FieldingWilliams JC. Unintended pregnancy among teenagers: important roles for primary care providers [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:599-601. LinkGoogle Scholar2. TrussellHatcherCatesStewartKost JRWFK. A guide to interpreting contraceptive efficacy studies. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;76:558-67. MedlineGoogle Scholar1. HarlapKostForrest SKJ. Preventing Pregnancy, Protecting Health: A New Look at Birth Control Choices in the United States. New York: The Alan Guttmacher Institute; 1991. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Minnesota Minneapolis, MN 55455 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1991Volume 115, Issue 2Page: 159-159KeywordsAdolescentsContraceptivesFemale contraceptionOral contraceptive therapy Issue Published: 15 July 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reversal of Cyclic AMP-Mediated Intestinal Secretion by Ethacrynic Acid
Authors: Qais Al-Awqati, Michael Field, William B. Greenough
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Ethacrynic acid (EA) has been reported to reduce cholera toxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion in the intact animal. We explored the nature of this inhibition in vitro by measuring unidirectional, transmural fluxes of (22)Na and (36)Cl across isolated rabbit ileal mucosa. Under control conditions (short-circuited mucosa bathed in bicarbonate-Ringer), there was net absorption of Na and Cl. Theophylline (10 mM), cyclic AMP (5 mM), and cholera toxin (added in vivo) abolished net Na flux and produced net Cl secretion. In the presence of either theophylline or cAMP, addition of 0.1 mM EA to the serosal bathing solution abolished net Cl secretion and restored net Na absorption. Cholera toxin-treated mucosa was exposed to 0.05 and 1.0 mM EA. The lower concentration restored net Na absorption but did not significantly reduce Cl secretion. The higher concentration abolished net transport of both Na and Cl. Short-circuit current and Na flux measurements in the presence and absence of glucose indicated that 0.1 mM EA does not inhibit glucose-coupled Na transport. Short-circuit current measurements in the presence of 1.0 mM EA suggested that even this concentration of EA does not inhibit glucose-coupled Na transport. Thus EA appears to specifically inhibit Cl (or NaCl) secretion without inhibiting the absorptive Na "pump." The anti-secretory effect of 0.1 mM EA does not appear to result from inhibition of adenylate cyclase since secretion stimulated by addition of 5 mM cAMP was abolished. Furthermore, 0.1 mM EA did not significantly reduce theophylline-augmented and cholera toxin-augmented cAMP levels in ileal mucosa. We conclude that EA interacts specifically with the active Cl (or NaCl) secretory mechanism of the small intestine at a step beyond generation of cAMP.
More spending on NHS has led to highest satisfaction rates in 25 years, report says
Authors: A. Cole
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The British public is more satisfied with the NHS than at any time since 1984, concludes the latest British Social Attitudes report.

More than half (51%) of the people surveyed in 2007 said they were now “very” or “quite” satisfied with the NHS, an increase of 9% since 2000 and 17% since 1997. The findings indicate that the extra funding pumped into the service over that time is having an effect on satisfaction, say the authors.

The report, which was based on interviews with more than 4000 people, also says that personal experience boosts satisfaction significantly. People who had had recent contact with the NHS had …
Conscientious Objection Gone Awry — Restoring Selfless Professionalism in Medicine
Authors: Julie D. Cantor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

A new rule from the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has emerged as the latest battleground in the health care conscience wars. Promulgated during the waning months of the Bush administration, the rule became effective in January. Heralded as a "provider conscience regulation" by its supporters and derided as a "midnight regulation" by its detractors, the rule could alter the landscape of federal conscience law.The regulation, as explained in its text (see the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org), aims to raise awareness of and ensure compliance with federal health care conscience . . .
INSULIN AND THE NATURE OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: P. J. CAMMIDGE
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Few terms employed in medicine have undergone greater changes of meaning than the word diabetes. It appears to have been employed originally simply to denote polyuria; but, after Willis had described the sweet taste of the urine, in 1679, it assumed a fresh significance. Willis does not seem to have suspected that the sweetness was due to the presence of sugar, and more than a hundred years elapsed before this fact was demonstrated by the experiments which Dobson reported in 1779. Although Cullen pointed out in 1791 that the urine passed by patients suffering from polyuria was not always sweet, and was the first observer to append the adjective "mellitus" to diabetes, nearly twenty years passed after Dobson's discovery before diabetes mellitus was finally differentiated from diabetes insipidus by Frank, and nearly fifty ere the decisive importance of glycosuria was established by Gregory in 1825. For a time, diabetes mellitus
NT-27 * SURGICAL RESECTION OF THALAMIC MALIGNANT GLIOMA
Authors: M. Nonaka, Y. Okita, Y. Kanemura, H. Goto, T. Kamei, R. Iwata, J. Takeda, H. Oshige, K. Yoshimura, A. Asai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

PURPOSE: Thalamus has important functions, such as a role of a relay point which connects somatic and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and regulation of alertness. Thus, gross total resection of the glioma arising from the thalamus is thought to be harmful, and an operation should be limited to biopsy for histological diagnosis. Recently, we attempted to resect thalamic gliomas based on tractography derived from DTI to identify internal capsule, and spare eloquent areas in the thalamus during resection. METHODS: Four patients with thalamic malignant glioma underwent surgical resection via transparietal transventricular approach between 2008 and 2013. Resection rate, pre- and postoperative status of the patients, distance between internal capsule and tumor, progression-free survival and overall survival time were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Histological diagnosis of all patients was glioblastoma. 2 patients were symptom-free after surgery. Rest of 2 patients had mild hemiparesis postopertively, and one patient required cane for the walk. All tumors were located in the right thalamus. The distance between internal capsule and tumor was more than 5mm in patients without postoperative neurological deficit. Gross total resection of the tumor was achieved in 3 patients, and near-total resection (<95%) of the tumor was performed in one patient. Progression-free survival of these patients was 47.4 weeks, and overall survival was 81.5 weeks. CONCLUSION: Thalamic malignant gliomas were able to be resected more than 95% with acceptable morbidity.
130. Characterization of a Murine Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV-mo.1) Capsid
Authors: Michael Lochrie, Gwen Tatsuno, Alejandra Arbetman, Peter Smith, Jennifer Wellman, Shang-zhen Zhou, Glenn Pierce, Peter Colosi
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Isolation of novel AAV capsid genes is useful for expanding the tropism range of AAV and identifying capsids that are less immunogenic. In our search for new AAV capsids with improved properties we have previously described capsids isolated from goat and cow. Here we describe a novel capsid (AAV-mo.1) isolated from a mouse.
ICD Implantation and Evidence-Based Patient Selection—Reply
Authors: Sana M. Al-Khatib
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Does acupuncture relieve pain?
Authors: A. White, M. Cummings
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Interpreting the effects of sham acupuncture holds the answer

In the linked systematic review (doi:10.1136/bmj.a3115), Madsen and colleagues assess the analgesic effect of acupuncture and “placebo acupuncture” compared with usual care in 13 three arm studies.1 Acupuncture has been used virtually unchanged for about 2000 years, although in contemporary practice needles are often stimulated electrically (electroacupuncture). Traditional concepts of the mode of action have not been scientifically substantiated. Acupuncture is currently explained by neurophysiological mechanisms that are well established in research into experimental pain,2 although the precise mechanisms of effects seen in clinical practice are more elusive.

The clinical effectiveness and cost effectiveness of acupuncture versus conventional treatment for chronic pain have been confirmed in large trials over the past 10 years. In particular, Germany’s Modellvorhaben Akupunktur (health insurance funded trials on acupuncture) provide evidence of effectiveness that has led to the integration of acupuncture into the management of osteoarthritis of the knee3 and back pain.4 In contrast, the evidence was insufficient to support such a policy for tension headache and migraine.

However, the nature of classic “acupuncture points” is …
Severe Hyperbilirubinemia after Creation of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts: Natural History and Predictors of Outcome
Authors: Smita S. Rouillard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia after creation of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) has been attributed to hemolysis and portal diversion, but the causes and natural history of this condition remain unknown. Objective: To determine clinical outcomes and predictors of severe hyperbilirubinemia after TIPS creation. Design: Retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent TIPS creation from June 1990 to September 1996. Setting: Academic medical center. Patients: 19 adults who developed severe hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin level > 171.0 µmol/L) within 1 month after TIPS creation were compared with 213 adults who did not develop hyperbilirubinemia after TIPS creation. Intervention: TIPS creation. Measurements: Laboratory measures and clinical outcomes. Results: According to laboratory indices, hemolysis was unlikely to have occurred. By 90 days, 95% of patients with hyperbilirubinemia had died or had undergone liver transplantation compared with 17% of controls (P < 0.001). Predictors of hyperbilirubinemia included nonalcoholic causes of liver disease (P = 0.01) and a pre-TIPS prothrombin time of 17 seconds or more (P = 0.016). Conclusions: Severe hyperbilirubinemia after TIPS creation heralds a high risk for death or need for liver transplantation. Reduced hepatic reserve predicts the development of hyperbilirubinemia.
Abstract 5381: VLA-4 targeted nanoparticles deliver a cMYC-MAX prodrug antagonist extends survival a metastatic myeloma mouse model
Authors: Deepti Soodgupta, Dipanjan Pan, Grace Cui, Angana Senpan, Xiaoxia Yang, Samuel A. Wickline, Edward V. Prochownik, Katherine N. Weilbaecher, Michael H. Tomasson, Gregory M. Lanza
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: While it is well known that MYC oncoprotein drives multiple myeloma (MM) pathogenesis, the development of several small-molecule inhibitors of the c-MYC/MAX interaction has been limited by rapid systemic metabolism, poor bioavailability and the inability of the drug to reach inhibitory concentrations in the tumor. Objective: The goal of this study was to develop and deliver an effective VLA-4-targeted Sn 2 lipase-labile Myc-inhibitor nanotherapy. Experimental Methods: A novel Sn 2 phosphatidylcholine-cMyc-Max antagonist prodrug (M1-PD) was designed, synthesized, characterized and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, titrated free M1-PD was compared to free Myc-antagonist in human MM cell lines (H929 and U266) and mouse MM (5TGM1). M1-PD was incorporated into two lipid-based nanoparticle genera (&amp;lt;20nm and ∼200nm) that were functionalized for MM targeting using a peptidomimetic VLA-4-lipid ligand. The nanoparticles were physico-chemically characterized and evaluated for their relative pharmacokinetics in vivo. Effectiveness of the two VLA-4-targeted M1-PD nanotherapies were evaluated in MM cell cultures, correlated with VLA-4 expression levels, and then studied in C57BL/KaLwRij mice with metastatic 5TGM1. Results: Bioactivity of free M1-PD was several orders magnitude more potent that the free cMyc antagonist in cell culture. Binding and efficacy of M1-PD nanoparticles correlated with integrin expression in target cells. VLA-4-M1-PD nanoparticles (&amp;lt;20nm and ∼200nm) equivalently inhibited MM cell growth in vitro compared to controls. In C57BL/KaLwRij mice with metastatic 5TGM1, VLA-4-MI1-PD 20nm micelles conferred significant survival benefit (T/D) over the 20nm targeted no drug (T/ND) or untreated controls (NT/ND) (52 days vs. 29 days, p=0.001) and versus the 200nm VLA-4-MI1-PD nanocolloid and its controls. Conclusion: These finding support the feasibility of a new VLA-4-directed nanotherapy to deliver lipase-labile cMyc prodrug to disrupt MYC-MAX dimerization and improve MM survival. Citation Format: Deepti Soodgupta, Dipanjan Pan, Grace Cui, Angana Senpan, Xiaoxia Yang, Samuel A. Wickline, Edward V. Prochownik, Katherine N. Weilbaecher, Michael H. Tomasson, Gregory M. Lanza. VLA-4 targeted nanoparticles deliver a cMYC-MAX prodrug antagonist extends survival a metastatic myeloma mouse model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5381. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5381
More services needed for bereaved children
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

All children who have experienced the death of a close relative should be able to gain prompt access to expert counselling and support services, concluded specialists at the first national conference on child bereavement.

To meet the demand for help and advice more services and research are urgently needed, as well as better public education on the effects of childhood loss.

Although many services offer bereavement counselling and support to children, the distribution of these …
Who Wrote the Declaration of Helsinki?
Authors: Annette Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Principal authorship of the Declaration of Helsinki cannot be attributed to any specific individuals. The original text and subsequent amendments have been brought to the World Medical Association by various national medical associations and officially adopted during meetings of the World Medical Assembly. The original document was developed under the auspices of the World Medical Association's Committee on Medical Ethics. The committee began to work on the document after World War II under the chairmanship of Hugh Clegg, MD, of the United Kingdom, and then Antonio Spinalli, MD, of Italy.<sup>1</sup>Many national medical associations reviewed the document and offered criticism and recommendations for change. The original text of the Declaration of Helsinki was presented by the Royal Dutch Medical Association and adopted by the 18th World Medical Assembly in Helsinki, Finland, in 1964 (written communication, Ian T. Field, MD, January 30, 1997). In 1975, the text of the declaration was
miR-433 is aberrantly expressed in myeloproliferative neoplasms and suppresses hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation
Authors: X Lin, K L Rice, M Buzzai, E Hexner, F F Costa, O Kilpivaara, A Mullally, M B Soares, B L Ebert, R Levine, J D Licht
Journal: Leukemia (2012)