tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Initial Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Michael B. Streiff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication of cancer and its therapy. The purpose of this article is to review the diagnosis and initial treatment of VTE in the patient with cancer. Methods I conducted a survey of the English-language literature on topics relevant to the diagnosis and initial treatment of VTE in patients with cancer. Results Patients with cancer are at increased risk for VTE because of the presence of multiple risk factors for thrombotic disease. The most common signs and symptoms of VTE as well as the utility of clinical prediction rules and D-dimer testing in the diagnosis of VTE in the patient with cancer are reviewed. Duplex ultrasound and computer tomography angiography are the primary objective diagnostic modalities for VTE. Low molecular weight heparin is the preferred initial therapy for VTE. Until further data emerge, thrombolysis and vena cava filters should be reserved for patients in whom anticoagulation is insufficient or contraindicated. Outpatient management is feasible for carefully selected patients with cancer with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and low-risk pulmonary embolism. Anticoagulation is the preferred initial therapy for cancer patients with central venous catheter–associated DVT, calf DVT, and unsuspected VTE. Conclusion Optimal initial management of VTE in patients with cancer entails maintaining a high index of suspicion for thrombotic disease, confirming diagnostic suspicions with objective testing and evidence-based use of anticoagulation, and adjunctive therapeutic modalities (thrombolysis, vena cava interruption, venous stenting). Further investigation of initial diagnostic and treatment strategies for VTE focusing on patients with cancer are warranted.
THE CLASSIFICATION OF AEROBIC DIPHTHEROIDS FROM HUMAN SKIN
Authors: NORA M. EVANS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article THE CLASSIFICATION OF AEROBIC DIPHTHEROIDS FROM HUMAN SKIN Get access NORA M. EVANS NORA M. EVANS Department of Bacteriology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 2, 1 February 1968, Pages 81–83, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12264.x Published: 01 February 1968
Abstract 2237: Acquisition of biospecimens to support the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project
Authors: Latarsha Carithers, Abhi Rao, Helen Moore
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project is an NIH Common Fund study that is aimed at understanding how genetic variation influences gene expression in normal tissues. Here we describe a biospecimen collection platform that was developed to address the logistical challenges of acquiring a large collection of high-quality tissues from rapid autopsy and organ donors for GTEx. This complex infrastructure is utilized to procure specimens under a rigorous quality management program and a stringent ethical, legal, and regulatory framework. Ultimately, data from the GTEx study will be used to evaluate gene regulatory mechanisms and their contribution to human disease development. Citation Format: Latarsha Carithers, Abhi Rao, Helen Moore. Acquisition of biospecimens to support the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2237. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2237
Acid extrusion is induced by osteoclast attachment to bone. Inhibition by alendronate and calcitonin.
Authors: Z Zimolo, G Wesolowski, G A Rodan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Acid extrusion is essential for osteoclast (OC) activity. We examined Na+ and HCO3(-)-independent H+ extrusion in rat- and mouse OCs by measuring intracellular pH (pHi) changes, with the pHi indicator BCECF (biscarboxyethyl-5-(6) carboxyfluorescein) after H+ loading with an ammonium pulse. 90% of OCs attached to glass do not possess HCO3- and Na(+)-independent H(+)-extrusion (rate of pHi recovery = 0.043 +/- 0.007 (SEM) pH U/min, n = 26). In contrast, in OCs attached to bone, the pHi recovery rate is 0.228 +/- 0.011 pHi U/min, n = 25. OCs on bone also possess a NH(4+)-permeable pathway not seen on glass. The bone-induced H+ extrusion was inhibited by salmon calcitonin (10(-8) M, for 2 h), and was not present after pretreating the bone slices with the aminobisphosphonate alendronate (ALN). At ALN levels of 0.22 nmol/mm2 bone, H+ extrusion was virtually absent 12 h after cell seeding (0.004 +/- 0.002 pH U/min) and approximately 50% inhibition was observed at 0.022 pmol ALN/mm2 bone. The Na(+)-independent H+ extrusion was not inhibited by bafilomycin A1 (up to 10(-7) M), although a bafilomycin A1 (10(-8) M)-sensitive H+ pump was present in membrane vesicles isolated from these osteoclasts. These findings indicate that Na(+)-independent acid extrusion is stimulated by osteoclast attachment to bone and is virtually absent when bone is preincubated with ALN, or when osteoclasts are treated with salmon calcitonin.
TREATMENT OF THE ACUTE ALCOHOLIC WITH INJECTABLE THIORIDAZINE
Authors: JOSEPH M. BRILL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Thioridazine by deep intramuscular injection was found to be an effective preparation for the symtomatic treatment of patients with acute alcoholism. Relief of nervous tension and anxiety and lifting of depression brought about improved cooperation, largely because thioridazine did not induce sleep. The only side effect was a 20- 30 mm. Hg fall in systolic blood pressure in 3 patients, relieved by a reduction in the frequency of injections. These findings and the absence of extrapyramidal stimulation or hepatotoxicity warrant further study of injectable thioridazine in the treatment of acute alcoholism.
ON THE IMMEDIATE AND REMOTE EFFECTS OF EMMET'S OPERATION.
Authors: Joseph Taber Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1884)

(Presented to the Section on Obstetrics and Gynæcology, American Medical Association, May, 1884.) Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen: The title of this paper indicates the desire of its writer to draw attention to some of the immediate and remote effects of trachelorrhaphy. There is so little to be found in our gynæcological literature upon these subjects, it occurred to me that a collection of the combined experiences of a number of our prominent gynæcologists might possess much interest as well as value, and aid somewhat in the settlement of some of the points in regard to the effects of this operation, which have been raised abroad and at home within the past few years. Perhaps I may be pardoned for a digression, a moment, in reference to the name of this operation. Emmet, its justly celebrated author, described it as an operation for the restoration of a lacerated cervix uteri, in
"MYALGIA": ITS DIAGNOSIS IN FORWARD AREAS
Authors: F. B. Chavasse
Journal: BMJ (1917)

case miay be pardoned.To have adopted.any otherattitudea in suchl a sliort cormnmunication would have been to invite confusion.My object was not to assert the correctness of any particular vie'wi;, but to brinkg hiome to you the impor-.tance of thle subject to all of us.I lhope you will now agree with me that every ineJical mani, evenl-if lhe lhas fl- time to devote to their study, slhould at least be alive to the importance of nerve iujLilies and to the possibihitfcs of their cure.
The Self-Education of Psychiatric Residents
Authors: ROBERT L. TAYLOR, E. FULLER TORREY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The authors describe a psychiatric educational program in which residents would work together as a self-education "corporation." Faculty members would serve as advisory and teaching consultants to provide individualized education that is consistent with the emerging track system of medical education. The residents' involvement in creating and administering their own educational program would provide training in the principles of education and administration that are compatible with the evolving role of the psychiatrist as educator and administrator.
Innate Immune Recognition of an AT-Rich Stem-Loop DNA Motif in the Plasmodium falciparum Genome
Authors: Shruti Sharma, Rosane B. DeOliveira, Parisa Kalantari, Peggy Parroche, Nadege Goutagny, Zhaozhao Jiang, Jennie Chan, Daniella C. Bartholomeu, Fanny Lauw, J. Perry Hall, Glen N. Barber, Ricardo T. Gazzinelli, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Douglas T. Golenbock
Journal: Immunity (2011)
KSHV antibodies among Americans, Italians and Ugandans with and without Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: Shou-Jiang Gao, Lawrence Kingsley, Ming Li, Wei Zheng, Carlo Parravicini, John Ziegler, Robert Newton, Charles R. Rinaldo, Alfred Saah, John Phair, Roger Detels, Yuan Chang, Patrick S. Moore
Journal: Nature Medicine (1996)
Cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone therapy in AL amyloidosis is associated with high clonal response rates and prolonged progression-free survival
Authors: Christopher P. Venner, Thirusha Lane, Darren Foard, Lisa Rannigan, Simon D. J. Gibbs, Jennifer H. Pinney, Carol J. Whelan, Helen J. Lachmann, Julian D. Gillmore, Philip N. Hawkins, Ashutosh D. Wechalekar
Journal: Blood (2012)
A Case of Partial Laceration of the Urethra Successfully Treated by Continuous Dilatation
Authors: D. Power
Journal: BMJ (1885)

axA Wtesasunmhing,pdin iathe glans peilis: id han lpaod s blwl ; -, to b urine,4*nftined& ssmall peces of munendtherwiise it was' clera knd heaLthy.'His (tonguei*as clean.The elsW'were regu4ar h d a-,gocdl RappRtito, and, ind&ed, looked as if hef were in excellent heah.Q On,wundiaghis bladderi,astonewas" redily detecte&.;He wan, then ianhi8 seventy-fouthl
Hospitals should use scoring system to spot serious illness in children, report says
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Legislation to regulate the use of human embryos for research in the United Kingdom had its second reading in the House of Commons this week, but ministers face a fight to push the most contentious measures through.The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill, which updates 1990 legislation to take account of advances in technology, passed the second reading by 340 votes to 78, with only nine Labour MPs rebelling.
Death by Electrocution
Authors: E. E. Jenkins, W. L. Cowardin
Journal: BMJ (1927)

JULY i6, Ig271 " POLYCYTHAEMIA HYPERTONICA."rzBamOB as much as possible in the open air.Where conditions are bad, the disease cani best be held in check by preventing accumulation of secretions.The child should be made to lhang over the bedside every miorning and eveniing so that the cavities may draini to the greatest advantage.The position alone is eniouglh to start the cough.Sinice putre- factioni of the sputumiis one of the most distressing features, vigorous attempts at disinfection should be made.Tlhe methods are:1.By enclosing the lpatient in a chamber satulated with tlhe vapour of creosote or somne similar disinfectanit, for increasing periods of time.2. Inhalation of disiilfectants by the use of the Buirney Yeo mask.3. Intiatracheal injectiolns of disinfectants-for example, menithol and guaiacol in olive oil.4. Adminiistration of pulmoniary disinfectants for examuple, creosote and guaiacol-by the moutlh.Artificial puieumotliorax has been suggested anid occasionially tried for bronichiectasis, but it is rarely likely to be successful because, even if the attempt is made before fibrous pleural adhesions prevent collapse of the lung, it is obvious that just those parts which are meant to collapse- namely, the dilated broncli-.are least likely to do so, as they are supported by dense, inelastic layers of fibrous flsSU.ii~"POLYCYTHAEMTIA HYPERTONICA"
Chemotherapy for Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed, Advanced-Stage, Aggressive-Histology Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: C. Tom Kouroukis, George P. Browman, Rosmin Esmail, Ralph M. Meyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review assessing chemotherapeutic regimens in patients at least 60 years of age with previously untreated, advanced-stage, aggressive-histology non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Data Sources: Computerized databases were searched for reports from 1966 to April 2000. Relevant journals, textbooks, and reference lists of published articles were hand searched. Abstract reports were not considered. Study Selection: Randomized trials comparing different chemotherapy regimens were selected. Two independent assessors, who were blinded to authors, institution, and results of the report, reviewed the retrieved citations. Data Extraction: One author abstracted data on patient characteristics, study quality score, survival, disease response and control, toxicity, and quality of life; pooling was not done because of study heterogeneity. Data Synthesis: 12 randomized trials that compared chemotherapeutic regimens were reviewed. Progression-free and overall survival were improved when anthracycline-containing regimens, such as CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) or CTVP (cyclophosphamide, pirarubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), were compared with other regimens. Conclusions: For treatment of older patients with advanced-stage, aggressive-histology lymphoma who do not have significant comorbid illnesses, an anthracycline-containing regimen, such as CHOP, given in standard doses and schedule, provides for superior outcomes compared with other regimens.
Pulmonary endocrine cells of Aymara Indians from the Bolivian Andes.
Authors: D Williams, D Heath, J Gosney, J Rios-Dalenz
Journal: Thorax (1993)

INTRODUCTION: There is evidence to suggest that life at high altitude causes changes in the population of pulmonary endocrine cells, possibly because of exposure to chronic hypoxia. A study was made of the populations of pulmonary endocrine cells in three Aymara Indians and three Mestizos of La Paz (3600 m), Bolivia, which were compared with those in four white lowlanders. METHODS: Pulmonary endocrine cells were immunolabelled for neurone specific enolase and their two major secretory products, gastrin releasing peptide and calcitonin, and their numbers expressed per cm2 of tissue section. RESULTS: No differences in morphology, number, content, or distribution of immunoreactive cells were found when the native highlanders were compared with the lowlanders. CONCLUSIONS: If chronic hypoxia as such exerts an influence on human pulmonary endocrine cells it was not apparent in this morphological study. There was no increase in gastrin releasing peptide containing pulmonary endocrine cells, such as have previously been seen in patients with pulmonary hypertension characterised by plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy. This may be due to the fact that in plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy there is free migration of smooth muscle cells. Although three of the highlanders in this present study showed pulmonary vascular remodelling, this was in contrast only modest.
Influence of Serum Lipids on Clinically Significant versus Nonclinically Significant Macular Edema
Authors: Rajiv Raman, Padmaja Kumari Rani, Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan, Sudhir Reddi Rachepalle, Govindasamy Kumaramanickavel, Tarun Sharma
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Monilethrix
Authors: Irene L. Solomon, Orville C. Green
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

MONILETHRIX is a rare hereditary disorder of hair first described by Smith1 in 1879. Although in some patients body or sexual hair has been affected1 2 3 usually only the scalp hair is diseased. The affected hairs contain periodic constrictions that cause breakage of the hair when it is only a few millimeters long. It is thought that the node or bulbous part of the affected hair is normal and the thin internodal segment is deficient in hair matrix.2 Keratosis pilaris of the skin containing the affected hairs is generally an associated feature.4 Except for isolated cases, the disease is transmitted as . . .
Abnormal Agglutination Reactions of a Strain of L. icterohaemorrhagiae
Authors: J. C. Broom, H. C. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1943)

instil into the patient's mind certain principles of mental hygiene which he had previously ignored.The importance of the constitutional factor must not be forgotten; but this should only emphasize the need for the patient to live within the limits of his capacity.There is no evidence that convulsion therapy has any power to prevent the recurrence of depression in the future.Experience over many years has, however, taught us that mental hygiene, sensibly applied, can greatly influence the probability of relapse.
High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Despite Supplementation in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Katherine D. Crew, Elizabeth Shane, Serge Cremers, Donald J. McMahon, Dinaz Irani, Dawn L. Hershman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased breast cancer risk and decreased breast cancer survival. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), in premenopausal women at initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and after 1 year of vitamin D supplementation.
Endoscopic treatment of biliary enteric fistula.
Authors: T Marshall, K Kamalvand, S R Cairns
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Endoscopie management is becoming the preferred treatment for the many patients with benign or malignant biliary disease.1 We recently saw a patient who presented with the unusual problem of stones in the common bile duct and a cholecystocolic fistula causing profuse diarrhoea. Such a patient would usually be treated by cholecystectomy and excision of the fistula, which is often difficult and hazardous. We report what we believe to be the first case in which non operative management of this condition was successful.
SARCOMA IN A YOUNG CHILD.
Authors: FRED S. SPEARMAN
Journal: JAMA (1906)

A number of interesting points are to be noted in connection with the following case: The extreme youth of the patient, so that the malignant growths or the causes favoring their production must have been present almost, if not quite, from the time of birth. The occurrence of tumors in several generations of the patient's family, showing an apparent hereditary tendency to neoplasms. The marked displacement of the heart and spleen from their normal locations as the result of pressure by the tumor in the lung. <h3>Patient.</h3> —E. S., born Nov. 15, 1902, male. <h3>Family History.</h3> —Parents are both healthy; their occupation farming. A brother and sister are also in good health. Father's father and grandmother died from carcinoma. Both died years before the birth of my patient. Father's mother had an epulis removed about six years ago. Another growth came on another portion of the gums a year or
Evidence for increasing incidence of abnormalities of the human testis: a review.
Authors: A Giwercman, E Carlsen, N Keiding, N E Skakkebaek
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Recent reports have suggested that the incidence of genitourinary abnormalities in human males has increased during the past 50 years, including congenital abnormalities such as cryptorchidism and hypospadia, which seem to be occurring more commonly. Also, the incidence of testicular cancer has increased 3- to 4-fold since the 1940s. This increase seems to be worldwide including countries with a very high frequency of testicular neoplasia as well as those in which this cancer is rather uncommon. It has also been postulated that semen quality has been decreasing for the last half century. A recent study showed that the average sperm density has decreased significantly from 113 million/mL in 1940 to 66 million/mL in 1990. The mean seminal volume has also declined, indicating that the decrease in the total sperm count is even more pronounced than the fall in sperm density would indicate. The remarkable increase in frequency of testicular abnormalities over a relatively short period of time may be due to environmental rather than genetic factors. There is an epidemiological link between the occurrence of different testicular abnormalities. Therefore, common prenatally acting etiological factors with adverse effects on the fetal male gonad might be suspected. However, postnatal influences may also have a deleterious effect on male fertility. From the reproductive point of view, an increased impact on the human male gonad is of concern.
Herniated Disks and Related Disorders of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Joseph A. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Twenty-six patients, 65 years of age and older, were studied for symptoms of nerve root compression caused by herniated disks, spondyloarthrosis, and developmental narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal. Both primary and metastatic neoplasms present the essential problems in differential diagnosis. Myelography is mandatory. These patients tolerate decompressive laminectomy and foramenotomy with removal of disks and osteophytes with no unusual risk or morbidity. Eighty percent achieve adequate and lasting relief. Protracted periods of conservative care exhausting the patients' resources are not justified.
Comparative Mechanical Activation Mapping of RV Pacing to LBBB by 2D and 3D Speckle Tracking and Association With Response to Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Hidekazu Tanaka, Hideyuki Hara, Evan C. Adelstein, David Schwartzman, Samir Saba, John Gorcsan
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Role of the brain and sensory pathways in gastrointestinal sensory disorders in humans
Authors: H Mertz
Journal: Gut (2002)

Several features of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suggest involvement of the emotional limbic system in the brain. Abnormalities which upregulate afferent (sensory) signal intensity anywhere in this system, from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain, could induce hypersensitivity, leading to the pain and discomfort that characterise IBS and other functional disorders. Functional gastrointestinal disorders are likely to be heterogeneous given the complexity of the afferent system, and a number of different perturbations are possible. Intestinal hypersensitivity to pain and discomfort and associated reflex alterations in motility might explain the symptoms of functional bowel diseases.