tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is oxidative stress causally linked to unstable angina pectoris? A study in 100 CAD patients and matched controls
Authors: K Kostner, S Hornykewycz, P Yang, T Neunteufl, D Glogar, F Weidinger, G Maurer, K Huber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Objective: Unstable angina pectoris often leads to acute myocardial infarction. Since lipid peroxidation is thought to be causally related to chronic and acute events in atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, we measured lipid peroxidation products and vitamin E in 100 patients with coronary artery disease and compared them to a matched control group. Methods: 50 consecutive patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 50 consecutive patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) were studied and compared to 100 clinically healthy individuals. In addition to conventional lipid and lipoprotein analysis, malondialdehydes were measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Lipid hydroperoxides were assayed with the colorimetric methylene blue method. α-Tocopherol was quantitated by HPLC after extraction of serum with hexane–ethanol. In the patient group conjugated dienes were also measured. Results: As expected, patients had significantly higher cholesterol, triglyceride LDL-C and Lp(a) values and lower HDL-C values than controls. When patients were divided into groups with SAP and UAP respectively, peroxides and TBARS were significantly higher in the latter group as compared to patients with SAP and to controls. Conjugated dienes were also significantly higher in patients with UAP as compared to patients with SAP. Total plasma α-tocopherol was comparable in all three groups, whereas the α-tocopherol content per LDL particle was lowest in patients with UAP, followed by patients with SAP and then controls. Conclusion: It is concluded that lipid peroxidation parameters are increased in patients with UAP and discriminate SAP from UAP patients.
Review: Ultrasonography reduces failed lumbar punctures and epidural catheterizations
Authors: Christopher R. Carpenter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal Club16 July 2013Review: Ultrasonography reduces failed lumbar punctures and epidural catheterizationsChristopher R. Carpenter, MD, MScChristopher R. Carpenter, MD, MScWashington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA (C.R.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-2-201307160-02010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationShaikh F, Brzezinski J, Alexander S, et al. Ultrasound imaging for lumbar punctures and epidural catheterisations: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:f1720. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23532866Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Hospitalists: Neurology: References1 Chin KJ, Karmakar MK, Peng P. Ultrasonography of the adult thoracic and lumbar spine for central neuraxial blockade. Anesthesiology. 2011;114:1459-85. [PMID: 21422997] Google Scholar2 Shah KH, Richard KM, Nicholas S, Edlow JA. Incidence of traumatic lumbar puncture. Acad Emerg Med. 2003;10:151-4. [PMID: 12574013] Google Scholar3 Gambling DR. Lumbar ultrasound: useful gadget or time-consuming gimmick? Int J Obstet Anesth. 2011;20:318-20. [PMID: 21169011] Google Scholar4 Margarido CB, Arzola C, Balki M, Carvalho JC. Anesthesiologists' learning curves for ultrasound assessment of the lumbar spine. Can J Anaesth. 2010;57:120-6. [PMID: 20041358] Google Scholar5 Straus SE, Thorpe KE, Holroyd-Leduc J. How do I perform a lumbar puncture and analyze the results to diagnose bacterial meningitis? JAMA. 2006;296:2012-22. [PMID: 17062865] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Christopher R. Carpenter, MD, MScAffiliations: Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA (C.R.C.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 July 2013Volume 159, Issue 2 Page: JC10 Keywords Analgesia Anesthesia Blood cells Blood counts Catheterization Cerebrospinal fluid Forecasting Headaches Hemorrhage Hospitalists Learning curves Nerves Neuroanatomy Neurology Red blood cells Spine Ultrasound imaging ePublished: 8 March 2020 Issue Published: 16 July 2013 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
PRIMARY ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN ORGAN CULTURES
Authors: Amiela Globerson, Robert Auerbach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

Specific antibody formation has been elicited in vitro following antigenic stimulation by either sheep (in a total of 472 of 875 cultures) or chick erythrocytes (in 65 of 135 cultures tested). The response was manifested by mouse spleen and lymph node explants whereas thymus cultures were inactive. The reaction has been characterized as a primary immune response in view of its kinetics as compared to defined primary and secondary responses, the effect of 2-mercaptoethanol on the antibodies formed, its subject to puromycin inhibition and its sensitivity to X-irradiation. Histological studies revealed preservation of the lymphoid cell populations throughout the entire experimental period.
Apoptosis and myostatin mRNA are upregulated in the skeletal muscle of patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Daniela Verzola, Vanessa Procopio, Antonella Sofia, Barbara Villaggio, Alice Tarroni, Alice Bonanni, Irene Mannucci, Franco De Cian, Ezio Gianetta, Stefano Saffioti, Giacomo Garibotto
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Undescended Testes — Is Surgery Necessary?
Authors: Arnold H. Colodny
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

An undescended testicle is one of the most common abnormalities of the genitourinary system. A considerable percentage of newborns (2 to 3 percent of fullterm and 15 to 30 percent of premature infants) have a testicle that has not yet descended to the scrotum.1 The condition is bilateral in about 25 percent of cases. Many of these testicles will descend before the first birthday; the incidence of undescended testicle at one year of age is approximately 0.7 percent. This incidence remains the same during childhood and early adult life,2 however, which indicates that although spontaneous descent does occur during the . . .
The Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: William G. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1969)

In the tarsal tunnel syndrome, the posterior tibial nerve is entrapped beneath the flexor retinaculum and deep fascia along the medial border of the foot. This syndrome is not recognized as readily as its counterpart in the upper extremity, the carpal tunnel syndrome. Seventeen patients with compression of the posterior tibial nerve were seen during the past 15 years; 16 have had surgical decompression. Entrapment has resulted from post-traumatic fibrosis, chronic compression from fascial bands, and entrapment by the abductor hallucis muscle. Electromyographic studies have aided diagnosis. Treatment has ranged from local steroid injection and weight reduction to surgical decompression of the posterior tibial nerve. The most consistent and satisfactory results have been observed after surgical decompression.
Collagen proportionate area is superior to other histological methods for sub-classifying cirrhosis and determining prognosis
Authors: Emmanuel Tsochatzis, Sara Bruno, Graziella Isgro, Andrew Hall, Eleni Theocharidou, Pinelopi Manousou, Amar P. Dhillon, Andrew K. Burroughs, Tu Vinh Luong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)

One-year survival in cirrhosis ranges from 1 to 57% depending on the clinical stage. Accurate sub-classification has important prognostic implications but there is no stage beyond cirrhosis using current qualitative histological systems. We compared the performance of all histological semi-quantitative and quantitative methods specifically developed for sub-classifying cirrhosis that have been described to date, with collagen proportionate area (CPA), to evaluate how well they distinguish patients with and without hepatic clinical decompensation at presentation, and in predicting future decompensating events.We included consecutive patients with a histological diagnosis of cirrhosis that had a suitable liver biopsy between 2003 and 2007. We used semi-quantitative histological scoring systems proposed by Laennec, Kumar, and Nagula. We also measured quantitatively nodule size, septal width and fibrous tissue expressed in CPA.Sixty-nine patients, mean age 52.3±11years, mean MELD 11.8±5.8, median follow-up 56months. Main aetiologies were alcohol (38%) and hepatitis C (27.5%). Twenty-four patients (34.8%) had had a previous episode of clinical decompensation. Amongst the 45 patients who were compensated, 11 (24%) decompensated on follow-up. In Cox regression, amongst all histological parameters, CPA was the only variable independently associated with clinical decompensation up to the time of biopsy, with an odds ratio that ranged from 1.245 to 1.292. Furthermore, only CPA was significantly associated with future decompensation (OR: 1.117, 95% CI 1.020-1.223; p=0.017).Cirrhosis can be accurately sub-classified using quantification of fibrosis with CPA, and furthermore CPA is the only independent predictor of clinical decompensation amongst all other histological sub-classification systems described to date.
Impaired pancreatic growth, β cell mass, and β cell function in E2F1 –/– mice
Authors: Lluis Fajas, Jean-Sébastien Annicotte, Stéphanie Miard, David Sarruf, Mitsuhiro Watanabe, Johan Auwerx
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

We evaluated the effects of E2F1 on glucose homeostasis using E2F1–/– mice. E2F1–/– mice show an overall reduction in pancreatic size as the result of impaired postnatal pancreatic growth. Furthermore, these animals have dysfunctional β cells, linked to impaired PDX-1 activity. Because of the disproportionate small pancreas and dysfunctional islets, E2F1–/– mice secrete insufficient amounts of insulin in response to a glucose load, resulting in glucose intolerance. Despite this glucose intolerance, E2F1–/– mice do not develop overt diabetes mellitus because they have insulin hypersensitivity, which is secondary to a diminished adipose tissue mass and altered adipocytokine levels, which compensates for the defect in insulin secretion. These data demonstrate that factors controlling cell proliferation, such as E2F1, determine pancreatic growth and function, subsequently affecting metabolic homeostasis.
Primary systemic amyloidosis presenting as extreme hyperlipidaemia with tendon xanthomas.
Authors: Y Levy, P J Magill, N E Miller, J Coltart, B Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1981)

treatment the facial paraesthesia had ceased.After a further two days sensation was normal in the right arm and the sensory level on the trunk had descended to T6 on the right and T8 on the left.Grip in the right hand had improved (grade 3-4) and he was again able to move his right leg at the hip and knee (grade 3) and ankle (grade 2).After 10 days' treatment he was able to walk with a single stick.Five weeks after the start of the treatment he was able to walk unaided, having only slight proximal weakness in the right leg.Power was normal in his right hand, though dexterity was impaired.Sensa- tion was normal, with the exception of vibration sensation, which was im- paired below the sternum.The plantar response was extensor on the right, and reflexes were brisk in the right leg.
THE FREQUENCY IN JAPAN OF CARRIERS OF THE RARE “RECESSIVE” GENE CAUSING ACATALASEMIA
Authors: Howard B. Hamilton, James V. Neel, Thomas Y. Kobara, Kyoko Ozaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1961)

Although it is increasingly recognized that many rare recessive genes have effects in the heterozygous state which can be detected by suitable laboratory tests, with the implication that such genes may make a significant contribution to subclinical departures from health, there is a real paucity of knowledge concerning the actual distribution in populations of such heterozygotes.Until now it has not been possible to study the distribution of heterozygotes for a rare "recessive" gene with a simple, quick, and accurate method suitable for survey purposes.It will be the object of this paper to describe such a method for detecting the heterozygous carriers of a particular rare "reces- sive" gene.Survey data will be presented indicat- ing significant local variations in gene frequency.The implications of such variations for certain basic genetic problems will be briefly explored.The trait in question is acatalasemia, a reces- sively inherited condition characterized by the ab- sence of detectable tissue catalase activity (1).Heterozygotes for this gene have been shown to exhibit approximately half-normal values of cata- lase activity (2).In a previous paper, it was noted that the application of standard genetic formulae led to an estimate of 0.003 for q, the frequency of the gene responsible for the trait, from which the frequency of homozygotes was calculated to be 0.00002, and of heterozygotes, 0.006; i.e., 2 and 600 per 100,000 Japanese, respectively (3).The many assumptions which went into these calcula- tions were discussed briefly, with the statement that in general the computations were of such a
What is to become of the Physician?
Authors: W. P. Howle
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Oran, Mo., Jan, 24, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In studying your editorial, " Is the apothecary doomed?" I am confronted with the question: What is to become of the physician? The same processes which seem to be destroying the apothecary are at work to destroy the doctor. The free dispensaries, colleges and hospitals, are gradually absorbing the patronage of physicians. No one will patronize the corner physician so long as he can get medicine and advice free at the dispensary. Some how or other I have not been very uneasy about the druggist or apothecary. I have always patronized him. Some few druggists have not treated me fairly; they have prescribed for my patrons, and I have some times filled my own prescriptions, but I never had any animosity toward druggists as a body. I dislike the substitutor or prescribing druggist, but I have always thought it necessary to have a
Staging of President's cancer continues to stimulate discussion
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Academics criticise plan to allow new drugs to bypass NICE
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Plans drawn up by the government to boost the life sciences industry have been criticised by some academics for eroding the cost effectiveness model of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and for undermining academic impedance.

In their life sciences blueprint, innovative drugs will be approved for NHS use for a set period without having first gone through NICE’s appraisal process to allow data to build up to show cost effectiveness. After a predetermined period they will then go through the usual NICE appraisal process.

The so called innovation pass will be piloted in 2010-11, with a budget of £25m (€29m; $41m), and then evaluated. Although what constitutes a successful pilot has yet to be decided, NICE will play a key role in developing and applying eligibility criteria for the pass and is set to enter discussions with industry and the NHS.

Mike Rawlins, chairman of NICE, told the BMJ that the pass would be for the products where it is tricky to work out whether they are or are not cost effective. “What we’ll almost certainly do is set up an expert advisory committee to decide whether something is sufficiently innovative to warrant going down this pathway.”

NICE is understood to have agreed with the new arrangements …
A British Medical Association Lecture on the RELATION OF MEDICINE TO SURGERY IN THE TREATMENT OF GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCER
Authors: C. Bolton
Journal: BMJ (1930)

TIIE tr-eatment of gastric and dutodenal ulcer has probably occasioned more difference of opiniion withiii recent years thani that of anly other single diiscase, botti as rega.rds the relative parts that medicine and surgery slhould ) piay in it, anid also as to wlhat method or oper-ationi slhouild be adopted, when either the one or the otheCI tr'eatmlient lhasbeen decided upon.The view of the physician is biased by the nuumber of sutrgical failures which lhe sees, an(I that of the surgeon by tlle many cases lie operates upon whlich have been medically treated after soiole fashioni or other', genler'ally inadheqiately, for years.The usual method of arriving at. a decision is to compare statistics of cures, and certainly many surgical statistics show imipr essively hiigh figures; no one cani exl)ect 100 pei cent.successes, and it is urged that these figures speak for themiiselves, some enthusiasts believing that peptic ulcer is really a suLrgical disease andt that medical treatmiient is of little avail.This relation should not, however, be decided by statistics of tlhis kind, which cannot be rightly compared, with each other, because the functions of medicine allnd surgery are (liflereent in that they slhould be concerned with differ-ent types of cases.As
Specific plasma membrane protein phenotype of culture-amplified and native human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Bruno Delorme, Jochen Ringe, Nathalie Gallay, Yves Le Vern, Dominique Kerboeuf, Christian Jorgensen, Philippe Rosset, Luc Sensebé, Pierre Layrolle, Thomas Häupl, Pierre Charbord
Journal: Blood (2007)
Reviews and Notes: Tools for Primary Care Research. Volume 2: Research Methods for Primary Care
Authors: Susan S. Ellenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1993Reviews and Notes: Tools for Primary Care Research. Volume 2: Research Methods for Primary CareSusan S. Ellenberg, MDSusan S. Ellenberg, MDNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20854.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-5-199309010-00042 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Tools for Primary Care Research. Volume 2: Research Methods for Primary CareMoira Stewart, Fred Tudiver, Martin J. Bass, Earl V. Dunn, and Peter G. Norton; eds. 283 pages. Newbury Park: Sage Publications; 1992. $19.95.The primary care physician who looks to this book as a how-to guide for practice-based research projects will most likely be disappointed. The focus of the editors, who have themselves written many of the chapters, is psychosocial research, and the tools referred to in the title are primarily questionnaire-type instruments designed to obtain subjective assessments of well-being.Much of the book is devoted to such topics as selection ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20854. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 5Page: 444KeywordsCaregiversCase seriesChartsPrimary care physiciansResearch designSoftware design Issue Published: 1 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A genome-wide association study identifies novel loci associated with susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Dong Hwan (Dennis) Kim, Seung-Tae Lee, Hong-Hee Won, Seonwoo Kim, Min-Ji Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Sun-Hee Kim, Jong-Won Kim, Hyeoung-Joon Kim, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Sang Kyun Sohn, Joon Ho Moon, Chul Won Jung, Jeffrey H. Lipton
Journal: Blood (2011)
UTRICULITIS; A CONTRIBUTION TO THE PATHOLOGY OF THE PROSTATIC UTRICLE.
Authors: WILLIAM T. BELFIELD
Journal: JAMA (1894)

It is well known that the genital organs of the adult vertebrate are developed from two primitive organs of the embryo, the bodies named for Wolff and Müller; and that the sex of the individual varies with the relative development attained by these organs. In the future male animal the Wolffian duct furnishes the genital canal—epididymis and vas deferens—while the Müllerian duct suffers more or less complete atrophy; in the future female, on the other hand, the Müllerian duct furnishes the genital canal—Fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina (to the hymen)—the corresponding portions of the Wolffian duct suffering atrophy. In the most highly organized mammals, the male genital canal acquires certain accessory sexual glands not constantly found in the lower vertebrates—seminal vesicles, prostate, Cowper's, urethral and preputial glands—while the Miillerian duct exhibits marked atrophy; in man there persist regularly only the two rudimentary extremities of this duct, the hydatid of the
Method for the Localization of Incompetent Ankle Perforating Veins
Authors: A. S. Chilvers, M. H. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A test for localizing incompetent ankle perforating veins uses an injection of fluorescein into a vein on the dorsum of the foot, with subsequent scanning of the leg under ultraviolet light. The test was found to be 96% accurate, and to be simple, safe, and cheap. It is considered to be particularly suitable for assessing legs with very early changes and with recurrent varicose veins.
Why Are We Consuming So Much Sugar Despite Knowing Too Much Can Harm Us?—Reply
Authors: Quanhe Yang, Zefeng Zhang, Frank B. Hu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

We appreciate the suggestion by Avena and colleagues that addiction-like behaviors and related brain changes may perpetuate overeating highly palatable foods that tend to contain high amounts of added sugars. This interesting hypothesis needs to be tested in well-designed interventions and mechanistic studies. Although the high consumption of added sugars in the US population (on average, approximately 22 teaspoons per day) is possibly related to the “addictive” property of the palatable foods and the reward system in the brain, the abundance of added sugars in the current food environment and influential advertising by the food industry may also play an important role.1

Our data indicate that the majority of US adults consumed more added sugars than is recommended for a healthy diet. Our results, along with the findings of many other studies,2–5 support current recommendations to reduce the intake of added sugars in US diets.6