tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physician Manpower Needs and Research Training in Infectious Diseases
Authors: EDWARD W. HOOK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

As a result of recent and continuing studies of internal medicine manpower, data are now becoming available on training and manpower in infectious diseases. In 1976-1977, there were 121 training programs graduating a total of about 180 infectious disease specialists each year. Most funding for these fellowship programs comes from the federal government and hospital revenues. It is conservatively estimated that 2300 medical subspecialists in infectious diseases will be practicing in 1986-1987. About 55% of graduates of infectious diseases training programs plan careers in academic medicine. Information from manpower studies should be of value in the development of a national policy on the training of infectious disease specialists.
A PRACTICAL TROCAR AND CANNULA FOR REMOVING ASCITIC FLUID
Authors: William W. Duke
Journal: JAMA (1922)

When ascitic fluid is withdrawn from the peritoneal cavity through the cannula ordinarily used for this purpose, the end of the cannula frequently strikes loops of intestine or the omentum before the desired amount of fluid has been removed. This not only interferes with further withdrawal of fluid, but causes pain and anxiety in the patient. The end of the cannula can be freed from the intestine or omentum by manipulation, and additional amounts of fluid can be withdrawn. Such additional amounts, however, are usually small, and, after manipulation has been attempted several times, further effort at complete drainage has to be abandoned. The result is that a considerable amount of ascitic fluid may be left in the peritoneal cavity. This may drain through the wound made by the cannula for one or several days, and cause the patient much annoyance. This disadvantage can be overcome by the use of
Metabolically-Healthy Obesity and Coronary Artery Calcification
Authors: Yoosoo Chang, Bo-Kyoung Kim, Kyung Eun Yun, Juhee Cho, Yiyi Zhang, Sanjay Rampal, Di Zhao, Hyun-Suk Jung, Yuni Choi, Jiin Ahn, João A.C. Lima, Hocheol Shin, Eliseo Guallar, Seungho Ryu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Cancer pathway analysis, DNA microarrays, and the identification of therapeutic targets
Authors: Filippo Randazzo, Pablo Garcia, Joel Berger, Anna Kelly, John Fuller, Pauline Lee, James Stephans, Mark Boyle, Eddie Moler, Eric Dahlstrom, Mala Sinha, Christoph Reinhard, Robert Warren, Emily Bergsland, Terry Brentnall, Mary Bronner, Mark van der Laan, Katie Pollard, Rusty Williams, Jaime Escobedo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Unilateral Pulmonary Oligemia Detected on Blood Pool Images From a Tc-99m MDP Bone Scan
Authors: Benjamin J. Drinkwine, David B. Turton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 50-year-old woman was referred to the nuclear medicine department for bone scanning as part of a metastatic work-up. Blood pool images of the thorax demonstrated nearly absent right lung activity, consistent with unilateral pulmonary oligemia. Previous imaging demonstrated findings of a large right hilar soft tissue mass, which compressed and completely occluded both the right main pulmonary artery and bronchus intermedius. Biopsy of the mass yielded a diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. Cases of unilateral pulmonary oligemia from obstructing mass demonstrated on blood pool phase of Tc-99m-methylene-diphosphonate (MDP) bone scan imaging are rare.
Breakthrough of Cytomegalovirus Infection Despite 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine Therapy
Authors: MICHAEL C. BACH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986Breakthrough of Cytomegalovirus Infection Despite 9-(1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine TherapyMICHAEL C. BACH, M.D.MICHAEL C. BACH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-587_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Two patients whose cases were described in our article in the September issue (1) have developed breakthrough cytomegalovirus infection.Patient 1 began to develop weight loss, malaise, and anorexia during his sixth month of once-daily maintenance therapy with 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) (5 mg/kg body weight). Blood, throat, and urine cultures all grew cytomegalovirus after a 4-month interval of negative cultures. He was noted to have new areas of retinitis and developed increasing cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. He refused to be rehospitalized for full-dose therapy and requested withdrawal of all therapy. Four days after his...Reference1. BACHBAGWELLKNAPPDAVISHEDSTROM MSNKP. 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine for cytomegalovirus infections in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:381-2. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MICHAEL C. BACH, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byStrategies for the treatment and prevention of cytomegalovirus infectionsEvaluation of Ganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus DiseaseViral infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndromeTherapy and Prevention of Cytomegalovirus Infections 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 587-587KeywordsBloodBody weightCytomegalovirus infectionDyspneaPharynxRetinitisThoraxUrineWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
INFLAMMATION OF THE EYE DUE TO THE TOXINS OF THE GONOCOCCUS.
Authors: SWAN M. BURNETT
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Under the name of metastatic ophthalmia, or some other such synonym, inflammation of the iris has long been recognized among ophthalmologists as a possible accompanimentof gonorrheal urethral infection. There is scarcely a treatise on diseases of the eye since McKenzie's time, but speaks of it in a more or less extended manner. The iritis is commonly regarded by ophthalmic authorities, as a part of an intoxication which manifests itself under the form of rheumatism; at least, few cases have been reported which have not been associated with greater or less pronounced symptoms of a rheumatic nature—usually affecting the joints. Whether the intoxication in these instances is from an entrance into the circulation of the gonococcus itself or from the product known as the toxins, has not been definitely settled to the satisfaction of all. Further investigation and observation along this line are needed. The fact of the association of the
Comprehensive analysis of the gene encoding filaggrin uncovers prevalent and rare mutations in ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic eczema
Authors: Aileen Sandilands, Ana Terron-Kwiatkowski, Peter R Hull, Gráinne M O'Regan, Timothy H Clayton, Rosemarie M Watson, Thomas Carrick, Alan T Evans, Haihui Liao, Yiwei Zhao, Linda E Campbell, Matthias Schmuth, Robert Gruber, Andreas R Janecke, Peter M Elias, Maurice A M van Steensel, Ivo Nagtzaam, Michel van Geel, Peter M Steijlen, Colin S Munro, Daniel G Bradley, Colin N A Palmer, Frances J D Smith, W H Irwin McLean, Alan D Irvine
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
Neonatal Homicide Following Roe v Wade
Authors: Gus J. Slotman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The letter entitled "<i>Roe v Wade</i>Was Followed by a Decrease in Neonatal Homicide"<sup>1</sup>by Dr Lester is a sad example of misinterpretation of data for the sake of ideology. Lester's conclusion that neonatal homicide was reduced by<i>Roe v Wade</i>is contradicted by his own data and other published information. The statistically significant decrease in the newborn homicide rate from 1963 through 1972 was halted after<i>Roe v Wade</i>, when the number of abortions in the United States increased explosively. A detrimental effect of legalized abortion on infant homicide is thus identified. If this were not true, then the newborn homicide rate should have continued its decline. After<i>Roe v Wade</i>, the overall US homicide rate increased significantly by 39% and the rate for children 1 to 4 years of age increased by 73% (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Considering that<i>Roe v Wade</i>was the single most
Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Induces Diet- and Sex-Dependent Dyslipidemia and Weight Gain in Adult Murine Offspring
Authors: Sheung P. Ng, Daniel J. Conklin, Aruni Bhatnagar, Duane D. Bolanowski, Jessica Lyon, Judith T. Zelikoff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects 71 million American adults and remains the leading cause of death in the United States and Europe. Despite studies that suggest that the development of CVD may be linked to intrauterine growth or early events in childhood, little direct experimental evidence supports the notion.We investigated whether exposure to cigarette smoke in utero alters the risk of developing CVD later in life.We exposed B(6)C(3)F(1) mice (via whole-body inhalation) to either filtered air or mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS, at a particle concentration of 15 mg/m(3)) from gestational day 4 to parturition. Adult offspring were fed a normal chow diet or switched to a high-fat diet 2 weeks before sacrifice. We measured dam and offspring body weight, plasma lipid parameters, lipoprotein subclass particle numbers and sizes, and total antioxidant capacities.Adult female mice prenatally exposed to MCS demonstrated significantly higher body weight and levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein than did their air-exposed counterparts. When fed a high-fat diet for 2 weeks, males, but not females, exposed prenatally to MCS gained substantially more weight and exhibited dramatic alterations in total cholesterol and HDL levels compared with their air-exposed counterparts.These data provide, for the first time, direct experimental evidence supporting the notion that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke affects offspring weight gain and induces a lipid profile that could alter the offspring's risk of developing CVD later in life.
MicroRNA-381 Represses ID1 and is Deregulated in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sacha I. Rothschild, Mario P. Tschan, Rolf Jaggi, Martin F. Fey, Mathias Gugger, Oliver Gautschi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)

MicroRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that suppress gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) and thereby repress translation or decrease messenger RNA stability. Inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) is a putative stem-cell gene involved in invasion and angiogenesis. We previously showed that ID1 is regulated by Src kinases, overexpressed in human lung adenocarcinoma, and targeted by Src-dependent microRNAs. The current study focused on the association between miR-381 and ID1 in lung adenocarcinoma.An ID1 3'UTR-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine whether miR-381 directly targets ID1. Human lung cancer cell lines were stably transduced with a precursor of miR-381 to evaluate its role on ID1 expression and to investigate changes in cell migration and invasion. The Src tyrosine kinase inhibitors saracatinib and dasatinib were used to repress ID1 expression. MiR-381 expression was measured in 18 human lung adenocarcinomas and corresponding normal lung tissue by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.ID1 is a direct target of miR-381 as shown by 3'UTR luciferase reporter assays. MiR-381 expression was negatively correlated with ID1 expression in lung cancer cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-381 reduced ID1 mRNA and protein levels, and significantly decreased cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, miR-381 was significantly downregulated in human lung adenocarcinomas, and low miR-381 expression levels correlated with poor prognosis.These results suggest that downregulation of miR-381 and thus induction of its target ID1 may contribute to the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinomas. Further studies to explore potential therapeutic strategies, including Src inhibitors, are ongoing.
Long-term Survival of Dialysis Patients With Bacterial Endocarditis Undergoing Valvular Replacement Surgery in the United States
Authors: Maxwell D. Leither, Gautam R. Shroff, Shu Ding, David T. Gilbertson, Charles A. Herzog
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Bacterial endocarditis in dialysis patients is associated with high mortality rates. The literature is limited on the long-term outcomes of valvular replacement surgery and the choice of prosthesis in dialysis patients with bacterial endocarditis.Dialysis patients hospitalized for bacterial endocarditis from 2004 to 2007 were studied retrospectively using data from the United States Renal Data System. Long-term survival of patients undergoing valve replacement surgery with tissue or nontissue valves was compared by use of the Kaplan-Meier method. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify independent predictors of mortality in patients undergoing valvular replacement surgery. During the study period, 11 156 dialysis patients were hospitalized for bacterial endocarditis and 1267 (11.4%) underwent valvular replacement surgery (tissue valve, 44.3%; nontissue valve, 55.7%). In the valve replacement cohort, 60% were men, 50% were white, 54% were 45 to 64 years of age, and 36% were diabetic. Estimated survival with tissue and nontissue valves at 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 years was 59% and 60%, 48% and 50%, 35% and 37%, and 25% and 30%, respectively (log-rank P=0.42). Staphylococcus was the predominant organism (66% of identified organisms). Independent predictors of mortality in patients undergoing valve replacement surgery included older age, diabetes mellitus as the cause of end-stage renal disease, surgery during index hospitalization, staphylococcus as the causative organism, and dysrhythmias as a comorbid condition.Valve replacement surgery is appropriate for well-selected dialysis patients with bacterial endocarditis but is associated with high mortality rates. Survival does not differ with tissue or nontissue prosthesis.
The role of trabecular demineralized bone in combination with perichondrium in the generation of cartilage grafts
Authors: Gerjo J.V.M. van Osch, Paul G.J. ten Koppel, Simone W. van der Veen, Pawel Poppe, Elisabeth H. Burger, Henriette L. Verwoerd-Verhoef
Journal: Biomaterials (1999)
Mono- and dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids alter calcium homeostasis in rabbit neutrophils.
Authors: P H Naccache, R I Sha'afi, P Borgeat, E J Goetzl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Products of the lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid that express neutrophil chemotactic activity were examined in vitro for effects on the uptake of 45Ca by rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. At optimally chemotactic concentrations, 5- and 11-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 11- and 12L-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and leukotriene B4 enhanced 45Ca uptake within 1 min by a mean of 212-694% of the values for control neutrophils incubated in buffer alone, as compared with 75% for 5(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and no effect for 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid. The approximate rank of potency of the factors stimulating 45Ca uptake was similar to that observed for chemotaxis. Leukotriene B4, in addition to stimulating the rate of 45Ca uptake into rabbit neutrophils, also displaced intracellular calcium. The net result of the leukotriene B4-induced changes in calcium homeostasis ws to elevate transiently the intracellular level of exchangeable calcium. That neutrophil lipoxygenase metabolites of endogenous arachidonic acid rapidly enhance the influx of 45Ca supports a possible role for such metabolites in general, and leukotriene B4 in particular, in the regulation of the intracellular levels of free calcium in the neutrophils and possibly in other hormonally sensitive cells in which this cation is a second messenger.
Isolation of Cytopathogenic Agents from the Respiratory Tract in Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis
Authors: A. J. Beale, D. L. McLeod, W. Stackiw, A. J. Rhodes
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis is a common syndrome in North America, which is often called croup after the most prominent symptom.It is one of the leading causes for admission to the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.Modern methods of treatment have greatly lowered the mortality, which is now negligible, but the aetiology remains obscure.Bacteriological studies have not been
Handbook of Community Psychiatry and Community Mental Health
Authors: S. H. Kraines
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Community psychiatry differs sharply from individual psychiatric therapy. The goal of community psychiatry is extensive rather than intensive therapy; insight into basic psychodynamics for the few is sacrificed for better adjustment by the many. Twenty-three authors present incisive, stimulating, and highly informative material. Louisa Howe pictures the community as a dynamic organization rather than a geographic section; Clara Mayo and Don Klein discuss group dynamics in terms of intergroup reactions and external pressures on the group; Portia Hume and Viola Bernard delineate the roles and aims of training programs. The total impression is that the community psychiatrist must have the personality and techniques of a Madison Avenue public relations expert, the knowledge and skills of a highly experienced psychiatrist, and the selfless zeal of a dedicated missionary. City Hospital of New York, as reported by Bellak, has (1) "Trouble Shooting Clinics" open 24 hours a day and oriented toward immediate
Use of Amino-Terminal Pro–B-Type Natriuretic Peptide to Guide Outpatient Therapy of Patients With Chronic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: James L. Januzzi, Shafiq U. Rehman, Asim A. Mohammed, Anju Bhardwaj, Linda Barajas, Justine Barajas, Han-Na Kim, Aaron L. Baggish, Rory B. Weiner, Annabel Chen-Tournoux, Jane E. Marshall, Stephanie A. Moore, William D. Carlson, Gregory D. Lewis, Jordan Shin, Dorothy Sullivan, Kimberly Parks, Thomas J. Wang, Shawn A. Gregory, Shanmugam Uthamalingam, Marc J. Semigran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Government agrees that human rights laws should cover elderly in private care homes
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The UK government is to review human rights legislation to ensure that the rights of all elderly people in care are protected. Its decision came in a response to a report that highlighted particular problems affecting this age group. 

The proposal should close a loophole that has meant that elderly people living in privately owned care homes were not covered by the Human Rights Act and could therefore be evicted.

In its response to the report on the rights of older people in care from the parliamentary joint select committee on human rights, published …
The Charlottesville Blood-Pressure Survey
Authors: Robert M. Carey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The population of a community of 29,608 adults was screened door-to-door for elevated blood pressure. Of 12,371 adults screened, 20% were classified as hypertensive. After repeated blood-pressure measurement, however, there were only 9% with sustained hypertension, while 11% had labile hypertension. Sixty percent of the cases of sustained hypertension had been either undiagnosed, untreated, or inadequately treated. Eighty-two percent who initially were unaware of hypertension had labile hypertension after repeated blood-pressure measurement, and 18% were unaware of having, sustained hypertension. Labile hypertension was most prevalent in the young and decreased with age. In contrast, sustained hypertension was least prevalent in the young and increased with age. Labile hypertension was most prevalent in white men, and sustained hypertension was more prevalent in blacks than in whites. Labile hypertension represents a large segment (52%) of the population initially identified as having hypertension in a home blood-pressure survey.
Drug Dependence as a Chronic Medical Illness
Authors: L. Amerson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

To the Editor: Dr McLellan and colleagues state that drug addiction should be treated as a chronic medical disease. This contradicts our experiences as a sheriff (L.A.) and an emergency department physician (D.L.S.) who regularly encounter patients who provide false histories concerning trauma or pain syndromes, insist on narcotic analgesics, and vigorously refuse nonnarcotic analgesics or follow-up with an office-based physician. Our experience has been that the overwhelming majority of such patients will not agree to enter a drug rehabilitation program or to go to Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous. Anecdotally, most patients who have been in rehabilitation experience a relapse or a loss of control of their drug dependency. Only a tiny minority of these patients will follow up with a single physician or medical office for ongoing medical management of their chronic illness. The vast majority of drugdependent individuals do not view their condition as an illness, but rather spend tremendous resources and take great risks, including that of jail or even death, to continue their lifestyle. In our area we have discovered organized groups that travel from physician to physician for the express purpose of obtaining drugs. Most people who use illegal drugs make a conscious decision to do so. Although we believe that treatment should be available, it must also be accompanied by consequences, such as jail or involuntary commitment, for noncompliance with detoxification. From our observations, many individuals use drugs to insulate themselves from life and its problems. It is impossible to view all drug users and addicts together, but practical experience provides insight into a world that they choose to inhabit.
Healing of protein losing hypertrophic gastropathy by eradication of Helicobacter pylori--is Helicobacter pylori a pathogenic factor in Menetrier's disease?
Authors: E Bayerdorffer, M M Ritter, R Hatz, W Brooks, G Ruckdeschel, M Stolte
Journal: Gut (1994)

Hypertrophic gastropathy--that is, Ménétrier9s disease--was found, in a retrospective analysis, to be associated with Helicobacter pylori in more than 90% of patients. It is proposed that hypertrophic gastropathy represents a special form of H pylori gastritis in these patients. A case is described of a 28 year old woman with Ménétrier9s disease associated with proved protein loss from the stomach. Treatment with cimetidine for more than three years had little benefit when colonisation by H pylori was detected. Density of H pylori colonisation and activity of gastritis, which was also present in the first biopsy specimens taken five years ago, were more pronounced in the body than in the antrum, which is in agreement with the characteristics of H pylori gastritis found in other cases with Ménétrier9s disease. A 14 day antibacterial treatment course with 750 mg amoxicillin three times a day combined with 40 mg omeprazole three times a day was started in April 1991. This resulted in eradication of H pylori and the return to normal of giant folds and the mucosal histology. Serum protein concentrations returned to normal within six weeks and remained normal at two endoscopies during a two year follow up. This case report suggests that a subgroup of the patients with Ménétrier9s disease may be healed by the eradication of H pylori.
Impact of Glycemic Control on the Incidence of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Authors: Şükrü Akyüz, Selçuk Yazıcı, Barış Yaylak, Barış Güngör, Kıvılcım Özden, Tuğba Kemaloğlu Öz, Servet Altay, Mehmet Karaca, Güney Erdoğan, Zekeriya Nurkalem, Hülya Kaşıkçıoğlu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)