tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinically Significant Cardiac Amyloidosis.
Authors: L. Maximilian Buja
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Clinically Significant Cardiac Amyloidosis.L. Maximilian Buja, M.D., William C. Roberts, M.D.L. Maximilian Buja, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, William C. Roberts, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-784_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrevious studies of cardiac amyloidosis have grouped together patients with both functionally significant (extensive) and insignificant deposits of amyloid in the heart Consequently, the percentage of patients with evidence of cardiac dysfunction has varied widely. This study describes 15 patients (ages 21 to 89 years (average, 56) with extensive cardiac amyloid. The hearts weighed 370 to 700 g (average, 489). In each the cardiac walls were rubbery, inelastic, and infiltrated by amyloid that was also present in mural and valvular endocardium. In five of eight patients cardiac conduction tissue contained amyloid. Four patients had amyloid in epicardial nerve bundles; each... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bethesda, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 784-784KeywordsAmyloidosisEndocardiumHeartLongitudinal studiesNerves Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Significance of Public Law 89–749
Authors: Arthur R. Jacobs, Richard B. Froh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

ON November 3, 1966, President Johnson signed Public Law 89–749 — the "Comprehensive Health Planning and Public Health Services Amendments of 1966." The law sets forth as a national goal "the highest level of health attainable for every person." It is significant that this value, in one form or another, is increasingly articulated in society in general and in political circles in particular. This paper analyzes the means suggested by Public Law 89–749 for achieving this goal. Goals, particularly those of our Congress, are utopian in character, but programs in terms of functions and resources must be finite, concrete and . . .
Household Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in an Urban Community in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Robert D. Newman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To examine the transmission of Cryptosporidium infection in households with an identified person with cryptosporidiosis. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: An urban slum in Fortaleza, Brazil. Participants: Thirty-one households with a child less than 3 years of age (index case) who was positive for Cryptosporidium parvum using acid-fast and auramine-stained stool smears. Measurements: Three stool samples (at 0, 2, and 6 weeks after identification of the index case) and two serum samples (0 and 6 weeks) were collected from each family member in households with an index case of Cryptosporidium infection. Results: Forty-five percent of index cases of Cryptosporidium infection were associated with persistent (>14 days) diarrhea. Secondary cases of Cryptosporidium infection were identified either by stool examination or seroconversion in 18 (58%) of 31 households involving 30 persons, yielding an overall transmission rate of 19%. Of the 202 persons in this study with at least one serum sample available for analysis, 191 (94.6%) had evidence of antibodies (either IgM or IgG) to Cryptosporidium. Conclusions: Cryptosporidium parvum is highly transmissible and infective in the family setting, with transmission rates similar to other highly infectious enteric pathogens such as Shigella species. These data are cause for added concern because of the rapidly increasing rate of seropositivity for human immunodeficiency virus.
Doctors should not cherry pick what information to give patients, court rules
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Doctors should no longer decide what information a patient should be given before agreeing to treatment, the UK Supreme Court has ruled in a historic judgment.1

The age of “medical paternalism” is over, and healthcare is now a partnership between patients and professionals, seven justices declared unanimously in the most important UK judgment on informed consent for 30 years.

The judgment sweeps away a ruling delivered by the United Kingdom’s highest court 30 years ago in its previous incarnation as the House of Lords appellate committee. The court decided in the Sidaway case in 1985 that the “Bolam” test for clinical negligence—whether a doctor’s actions would have been acceptable to a responsible body of medical opinion—applies to the information given as well as the treatment chosen and the method of carrying …
Global Gene Expression Profiling of Circulating Endothelial Cells in Patients with Metastatic Carcinomas
Authors: Denis A. Smirnov, Bradley W. Foulk, Gerald V. Doyle, Mark C. Connelly, Leon W.M.M. Terstappen, S. Mark O'Hara
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Increased numbers of endothelial cells are observed in peripheral blood of cancer patients. These circulating endothelial cells (CECs) may contribute to the formation of blood vessels in the tumor or reflect vascular damage caused by treatment or tumor growth. Characterization of these cells may aid in the understanding of the angiogenic process and may provide biomarkers for treatment efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors. To identify markers typical for CECs in cancer patients, we assessed global gene expression profiles of CD146 immunomagnetically enriched CECs from healthy donors and patients with metastatic breast, colorectal, prostate, lung, and renal cancer. From the generated gene profiles, a list of 61 marker genes for CEC detection was generated, and their expression was measured by real-time quantitative PCR in blood samples from 81 metastatic cancer patients and 55 healthy donors that were immunomagnetically enriched for CECs. A set of 34 genes, among which novel CEC-associated genes, such as THBD, BST1, TIE1, POSTN1, SELE, SORT1, and DTR, were identified that were expressed at higher levels in cancer patients compared with healthy donors. Expression of the VWF, DTR, CDH5, TIE, and IGFBP7 genes were found to discriminate between cancer patients and “healthy” donors with a receiver operating characteristic curve accuracy of 0.93. Assessment of the expression of these genes may provide biomarkers to evaluate treatment efficacy. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(6): 2918-22)
New Targets for Osteoporosis
Authors: Darwin J. Prockop
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) mediates the differentiation of precursor cells into osteoblasts, and diminished levels of VEGF-A are implicated in osteoporosis. The osteogenic properties of VEGF-A depend on its presence in the nucleus of the precursor cell.
Activation of αIIbβ3 is a sufficient but also an imperative prerequisite for activation of α2β1 on platelets
Authors: Gerlinde R. Van de Walle, Anne Schoolmeester, Brecht F. Iserbyt, Judith M. E. M. Cosemans, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Marc F. Hoylaerts, Alan Nurden, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Hans Deckmyn
Journal: Blood (2006)
UTILITY OF INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND GUIDANCE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR TYPE C LESIONS
Authors: Kohei Wakabayashi, Joseph Lindsay, Rafael Romaguera, Ana Laynez Carnicero, Camille Hauville, Itsik Ben&ndash;Dor, Gabriel Sardi, Rebecca Torguson, Xue Zhenyi, William Suddath, Lowell Satler, Kenneth Kent, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
T cell receptor biases and clonal proliferations among lung transplant recipients with obliterative bronchiolitis.
Authors: S R Duncan, V Valentine, M Roglic, D J Elias, K W Pekny, J Theodore, D H Kono, A N Theofilopoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) is the most serious late complication of lung transplantation, but the pathogenesis of this disorder has not been elucidated. We sought evidence that OB is mediated by a cellular immunologic response by characterizing T cell antigen receptor beta-chain variable gene (TCRBV) repertoires in lung allograft recipients. Expression levels of 27 TCRBV among recipients were determined by multiprobe RNase protection assay after PCR amplification. In comparison to recipients with no evidence of rejection (n = 9), the PBL TCRBV repertoires of OB subjects (n = 16) exhibited more frequent expansions (16 vs. 9% of all measured TCRBV, P < 0.02), and the magnitudes of these abnormalities were greater (8.2 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.3 SD from mean normal values, P < 0.01). TCRBV sequencing showed these expansions were composed of clonal or oligoclonal populations. Thus, T cell responses in the recipients are marked by highly selective clonal expansions, presumably driven by indirect recognition of a limited number of immunodominant alloantigens. These processes are exaggerated among allograft recipients with OB, implying that cognate immune mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Furthermore, the prominence of finite, distinct TCR phenotypes raise possibilities for development of novel diagnostic modalities and targeted immunotherapies for OB and other manifestations of chronic allograft rejection.
Parathyroid Hormone Responses to Catecholamines and to Changes of Extracellular Calcium in Cows
Authors: Juerg W. Blum, Jan A. Fischer, Willi H. Hunziker, U. Binswanger, Giovanni B. Picotti, Mosè Da Prada, Albin Guillebeau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Modifications of the plasma level of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) in cattle were induced by changes of the plasma concentrations of epinephrine, isoproterenol, or calcium. During abrupt hypocalcemia, PTH, obtained by infusions with ethylene glycol-bis (beta-aminoethylether) N, N'-tetraacetate (EGTA), increased during the first 4-8 min. After a transient decline, the hormone levels rose again and remained elevated. Infusions of calcium suppressed the hypocalcemia-induced augmentation of PTH levels within a few minutes. Prolonged epinephrine (and isoproterenol) infusions also rapidly increased PTH levels, however, in this case, they returned to basal concentrations after 50-60 min. Additional epinephrine infusions could not further raise PTH values. Moreover, three short-lasting infusions of epinephrine (7 min each), given at 30-min intervals, increased PTH levels to the same extent, whereas additional infusions were much less effective. The PTH response to epinephrine was completely restored, when the interval after a prolonged epinephrine infusion had been prolonged to > 100 min. During moderate hypocalcemia, occurring at the end of EGTA infusions and lasting for 90 min, the PTH response to a short-lasting epinephrine infusion (7 min) was more pronounced than in normocalcemic animals. During severe hypocalcemia, in which superimposed short-lasting infusions of EGTA (7 min) led to an additional abrupt fall of plasma calcium concentrations but not to a corresponding additional rise of the PTH levels, epinephrine rapidly and further increased PTH concentrations. On the other hand, at the end of prolonged infusions of epinephrine, when additional infusions of epinephrine were ineffective in raising PTH levels, EGTA-induced hypocalcemia consistently increased PTH concentrations. The EGTA-induced augmentation of PTH levels was enhanced by epinephrine and isoproterenol but not by propranolol. The present findings indicate, that variations of the extracellular calcium concentrations and beta-adrenergic agonists modify PTH levels by two different and independent mechanisms. On the other hand, it appears that the magnitude of change of the PTH levels to either stimulus is partially modulated by exposure to the other.
Fatal pulmonary toxic effects of lomustine.
Authors: R G Dent
Journal: Thorax (1982)

The ontogeny of the IgG response in rabbits with experimental syphilis to individual polypeptides of Treponema pallidum, Nichols strain, was examined. The polypeptides of motile, virulent T. pallidum, purified from host tissue by Percoll density gradient centrifugation, were separated on SDS-polyacrylamide gels and were electrophoretically transferred to a solid-phase matrix of nitrocellulose for antigen analysis. Serum from rabbits early in infection at day 3 post-infection showed a weak but detectable IgG response to two polypeptides of 60,000 and 46,000 m.w. This was followed on days 11, 17, and 19 by an apparent quantitative increase in antibody to other treponemal protein antigens. By day 19, 21 of the 22 detectable polypeptides could be identified. A similar set of antigens was detected by serum from patients with human secondary and early latent syphilis. A close correlation was found between the presence of IgG antibody to T. pallidum polypeptides at day 9 and 1, 4.5, 13.5, and 17 mo post-infection and the immune status of the rabbit to symptomatic reinfection. Serum from rabbits that were partially immune to challenge at day 9 detected three polypeptides of 60,000, 46,000, and 36,000 daltons. By 1 mo post-infection, at a time when a more complete immunity had developed, the number of detectable antigens increased to 21 polypeptides ranging in m.w. from 94,000 to 14,400 daltons. IgG antibody to 22 treponemal antigens persisted in animals that were solidly immune to symptomatic reinfection at 3, 4.5, 13.5, and 17 mo post-infection. Serum neutralizing activity was not demonstrable at day 9 or 1 mo post-infection, however, but was present at 3, 4.5, 13.5, and 17 mo. The results suggest that after intratesticular challenge a vigorous IgG response to T. pallidum polypeptides can be detected. The potential role of humoral immune mechanisms in the development and maintenance of immunity is discussed.
FEMALE SEX, DYSPNEA AND HEART FAILURE PREDOMINATE AS NEGATIVE PREDICTORS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQL) IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Paul Cremer, Brian Griffin, Benjamin Nutter, Venu Menon, William Stewart, Richard Grimm, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A MEMORABLE PATIENT
Authors: D. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Elizabeth was 12 years old and nearing the end of her inpatient treatment for tuberculosis at the small government hospital in the Western Solomons. One day her grandfather, who had remained with her throughout her stay, drew my attention to a rash which had arisen on the front of her left thigh. The rash appeared vesicular and covered the whole of the thigh in a non-dermatomal distribution.

“Perhaps this is a jellyfish sting,” I …
John Mein Main
Authors: M G Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer consultant surgeon Rochdale (b 1930; q Edinburgh 1952; FRCS Ed), died from pulmonary fibrosis on 31 January 2006.



Figure 1



John was born into the fishing community in Nairn, the son of a skipper, but owing to a decline in the fishing industry he took up medicine. In 1967 he was appointed to Rochdale as a consultant. He was a Rotarian, a founder member of the local Macmillan Cancer Relief Fund, and active in the BMA. After a severe attack of hepatitis B and the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, John retired to Nairn in 1990 to live in the road where he was born. He leaves a wife, Catriona; four sons; and five grandsons.
Des-acyl ghrelin protects microvascular endothelial cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis through sirtuin 1 signaling pathway
Authors: Takeshi Shimada, Hiroto Furuta, Asako Doi, Hiroyuki Ariyasu, Hiromichi Kawashima, Hisao Wakasaki, Masahiro Nishi, Hideyuki Sasaki, Takashi Akamizu
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Howard R Mertz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Irritable bowel syndrome, characterized by disordered bowel habits associated with abdominal pain or discomfort, affects roughly one in eight adults. This review discusses therapeutic options for patients with this disorder. Nonpharmacologic therapies alone are adequate for many patients. Nonspecific pharmacotherapy to treat constipation or diarrhea, as well as more specific therapy with antispasmodic agents, antidepressants, serotonin-receptor antagonists, and other agents are discussed. A doctor–patient alliance is important in treating the disorder.
AN INTERESTING REACTION TO LOUSE BITES
Authors: WILLIAM MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Although the clothes louse is a known carrier of typhus and recurrent fevers and has recently been shown to be a carrier of trench fever, I am not aware of any published evidence that it may produce an illness due to a toxin or toxins introduced by its bite. Observations made while attempting to raise large numbers of lice for experimental purposes during the spring of 1918 appear to show that such an intoxication may result in persons bitten by large numbers of lice. The account given here is not presented as positive proof that such is the case, but rather to make available for other workers a record of our experiences. Experiments were begun on the louse problem in the spring of 1917, with lice collected from the clothing of men in a municipal lodging house. They were kept in an electric incubator, heated to from 28 to 30
Hyperthermia Potentiates Doxorubicin-Related Cardiotoxic Effects
Authors: Young Duk Kim, David Eric Lees, Charles R. Lake, Jacqueline Whang-Peng, William Schuette, Rosalie Smith, Joan Bull
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The intercurrent administration of doxorubicin hydrochloride to a patient undergoing whole-body hyperthermia for the treatment of metastatic cancer repeatedly produced ventricular irritability and cardiac dysfunction. Individually, doxorubicin and hyperthermia were tolerated by the patient without incident. Catecholamine determinations showed that the administration of doxorubicin under hyperthermic conditions increased the liberation of both epinephrine and norepinephrine. The acute synergistic cardiotoxic effects occurred with doxorubicin dosages that were severalfold less than those associated with only mild and transient ECG disturbances under normothermic conditions.
ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS IN SOUTH-WEST NORFOLK
Authors: G. F. Cross
Journal: BMJ (1912)

ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS.[ Ms2CAL JONAL 72I these paralysed iiuseles whieli are teniding to -ecover (lis- ables tlhemagain.An excellent article by' DI.Wittek (Graz) deals with this matter in detail.
Congenitally complete heart block. Developmental aspects.
Authors: R H Anderson, A C Wenick, T G Losekoot, A E Becker
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Three cases of congenitally complete heart block are described of hearts in which other minor congenital malformations were not in themselves severe enough to disrupt the atrioventricular conduction system. The cases fitted well into the categorization of complete heart block suggested by Lev. Two exhibited lack of communication between the atrial and conducting tissues, the other had discontinuity of the penetrating atrioventricular bundle. In an attempt to explain why this discontinuity between different segments of the conducting tissues occurs, we re-examined several series of graded human embryos. This investigation suggested that the anulus fibrosus in the normal heart is derived from sulcus tissue of the atrioventricular junction, the endocardial atrioventricular cushions playing a minor role in the separation of atria from ventricles. The relationships between the sulcus tissues and the different components of the atrioventricular junctional area are discussed in terms of an explanation both for the existence of different types of congenitally complete heart block and for persistence of Mahaim (nodo-ventricular and nodo-fascicular) fibers.
Tobacco industry plans to fund Cambridge chair
Authors: C. Court
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The multinational company BAT Industries is planning to fund a chair in international relations at Cambridge University, to be named after the recently retired chairman, Sir Patrick Sheehy (see also p 721) Scholarships supporting the professorship will carry the BAT Industries name.

The pounds sterling1.5m provision by BAT Industries—formerly British American Tobacco—will be payable …
Sense and Nonsense of Treatment of Comorbid Diseases in Terminally Ill Patients
Authors: Eric C. T. Geijteman, Teun van Gelder, Lia van Zuylen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

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Extracellular ubiquitin inhibits the TNF-α response to endotoxin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and regulates endotoxin hyporesponsiveness in critical illness
Authors: Matthias Majetschak, Ulrich Krehmeier, Mark Bardenheuer, Christof Denz, Michael Quintel, Gregor Voggenreiter, Udo Obertacke
Journal: Blood (2003)
H1N1 vaccine is released in UK to meet demand for protection against flu
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

GPs in the United Kingdom are being given access to 12.7 million doses of vaccine against the H1N1 strain of influenza to ensure that everyone in groups considered at higher risk of developing serious illness can be immunised against the main circulating virus.

Speaking at an update briefing for journalists on 6 January, Sally Davies, the interim chief medical officer for England, said that there had been “stories” that some general practices were short of the seasonal flu vaccine, although she insisted that there was enough “seasonal flu vaccine in the system.” 

Professor Davies refused to admit that GPs had …