tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5194: MiR-200c expression and methylation status determines epithelial characteristics of NSCLC
Authors: Kazuhiko Shien, Shinichi Toyooka, Junichi Soh, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Shinsuke Hashida, Ken Suzawa, Tomoaki Otsuka, Hiroaki Asano, Kazunori Tsukuda, Shinichiro Miyoshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: MicroRNA (miR)-200 family members are frequently silenced in advanced cancer and have been implicated in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor invasion. In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-200c in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: We analyzed miR-200c promoter methylation status by methylation specific PCR and expression by quantitative RT-PCR in 34 NSCLC cell lines and 10 NSCLC clinical samples. To eliminate the effects of contamination of normal lung epithelial cells and mesenchymal cells in clinical samples, we used primary cultured NSCLC cells obtained by surgical resection. We assessed the association of miR-200c status with histology, EMT-related protein expression, and genetic alteration. Results: Mir-200c was methylated in 10 (30%) NSCLC cell lines and partially methylated in 7 (21%) cell lines. Expression of miR-200c was silenced in all methylated cell lines and restored with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment. In cell lines with miR-200c methylation and silenced, protein expression of epithelial markers was reduced and mesenchymal markers were increased. Introduction of miR-200c into highly invasive cells with miR-200c silencing inhibited cell invasion. Interestingly, miR-200c was unmethylated and not silenced in many EGFR mutated NSCLC cell lines and clinical samples. In HEK293T cells stably transfected with wild-type EGFR, mutant EGFR, wild-type KRAS, or mutant KRAS, miR-200c expression was up-regulated only in mutant EGFR transfectant. Conclusions: Mir-200c expression was regulated by promoter methylation in NSCLC, and related to epithelial characteristics and cell invasion. In EGFR mutated NSCLC cells, miR-200c was generally unmethylated and expressed, suggesting the existence of mechanism that retain EGFR mutated NSCLC cells to the epithelial state through the miR-200c expression. Citation Format: Kazuhiko Shien, Shinichi Toyooka, Junichi Soh, Hiromasa Yamamoto, Shinsuke Hashida, Ken Suzawa, Tomoaki Otsuka, Hiroaki Asano, Kazunori Tsukuda, Shinichiro Miyoshi. MiR-200c expression and methylation status determines epithelial characteristics of NSCLC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5194. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5194
The phosphorycholine moiety of the filarial nematode immunomodulator ES-62 is responsible for its anti-inflammatory action in arthritis
Authors: M M Harnett, D E Kean, A Boitelle, S McGuiness, T Thalhamer, C N Steiger, C Egan, L Al-Riyami, M J Alcocer, K M Houston, J A Gracie, I B McInnes, W Harnett
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Objective: In countries where parasitic infections are endemic, autoimmune disease is relatively rare, leading to the hypothesis that parasite-derived immunomodulators may protect against its development. Consistent with this, we have previously demonstrated that ES-62, a 62 kDa phosphorylcholine (PC)-containing glycoprotein that is secreted by filarial nematodes, can exert anti-inflammatory action in the murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model and human rheumatoid arthritis-derived synovial tissue cultures. As a first step to developing ES-62-based drugs, the aim of this study was to determine whether the PC-moiety of ES-62 was responsible for its anti-inflammatory actions. Methods: We compared the anti-inflammatory activity of a PC-free form of recombinant ES-62 (rES-62) and a synthetic PC-ovalbumin conjugate (OVA-PC) with that of native ES-62 in the CIA model and synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Results: The anti-inflammatory actions of ES-62 in CIA appear to be dependent on the PC moiety as indicated by the reduction in severity of disease and also suppression of collagen-specific T helper 1 cytokine production observed when testing OVA-PC, but not rES-62. Interestingly, the anti-inflammatory activity of PC did not correlate with a reduction in anti-collagen IgG2a levels. Also, the ES-62-mediated suppression of interferon-γ from human patient tissues could be mimicked by OVA-PC but not rES-62 or ovalbumin. Conclusions: In countries where filariasis is endemic the reduced detection of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis may be because of the anti-inflammatory action of the PC moieties of ES-62. PC may thus provide the starting point for the development of novel, safe immunomodulatory therapies.
Children and apartheid.
Authors: N. Richman
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The abuse of even one child in this country, especially if this leads to death, causes us concern.The systematic abuse of large numbers ofchildren by the state is horrifying; yet this is what is happening in South Africa and was the theme of a conference held in London in April called "Children, apartheid and repression in southern Africa."The conference was organised by a group of people who had been in Harare in September 1987.There they had heard the testimony of doctors, lawyers, parents, and the children themselves on how South African children are detained and tortured.The children described their experiences of physical abuse: electric shocks, severe beatings, suffocation, being placed in a refrigerator.They also talked about the psychological torture of solitary confine- ment, threats of death, humiliation, and forced confession.One boy was made to lay down naked in a mortuary, another had a tyre placed around his neck and was told it was going to be set alight (Children ofResistance, Brittain V, Monty A, eds.London: Kliptown, 1988).
Production of basement membrane components by a reconstructed epidermis cultured in the absence of serum and dermal factors
Authors: M. ROSDY, A. PISANI, J.-P. ORTONNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

A fully differentiated epithelium displaying features of human epidermis was obtained in vitro by culturing second-passage normal human keratinocytes for 14 days in defined medium and on an inert polycarbonate filter substratum at the air-liquid interface. Vertical sections stained for histology and indirect immunofluorescence studies showed that the 'basal' cells synthesize and secrete all major markers of hemidesmosomes and the lamina lucida. Components of the lamina densa are also expressed. Collagen VII is synthesized, but not secreted. Ultrastructural studies showed the presence of hemidesmosomes with major dense plaques and anchoring filaments, and a basement membrane-like structure was clearly identified. These results show that epidermal cells are able to produce hemidesmosomes and to secrete the major components of the dermo-epidermal junction in the absence of serum and dermal factors, suggesting that basement membrane synthesis and hemidesmosome assembly are not dependent on the presence of dermis.
Lack of Association of Oral Calcium Supplementation With Coronary Artery Calcification in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Laura Geraldino‐Pardilla, Shanthi Dhaduvai, Jon T. Giles, Joan M. Bathon
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To investigate the association between oral calcium supplementation and coronary artery calcification among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients without known cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was conducted as a nested, prospective cohort study of RA patients without known CVD. The daily supplemental calcium dose was ascertained from each patients' list of prescription and over-the-counter medications at baseline and at visit 2 (median 20 months postbaseline). The coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, a measure of coronary atherosclerosis, was assessed by cardiac multidetector row computed tomography at baseline and at visit 3 (median 39 months postbaseline). The association between calcium supplementation and CAC was explored. Among the 145 RA patients studied, 42 (28%) were taking ≥1,000 mg/day of supplemental calcium at baseline. A CAC score of >100 units was seen in 44 patients (30%) at baseline and 50 patients (34%) at followup. Baseline CAC scores of >100 units were significantly less frequent in patients receiving the higher dosage (≥1,000 mg/day) of supplemental calcium than in those receiving the lower dosage (<1,000 mg/day) (odds ratio [OR] 0.28, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.11-0.74); this association remained significant after adjustment for relevant confounders (adjusted OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.09-0.93). Similarly, at the third study visit, CAC scores of >100 units were less frequent in the higher supplemental calcium dose group compared to the lower dose group (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18-0.95); however, after adjustment for relevant confounders, the statistical significance of this association was lost (adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.14-1.12). No effect of sex heterogeneity was seen in the association of calcium supplementation with coronary artery calcification, and no change in the CAC score over time was observed. Higher levels of oral calcium supplementation were not associated with an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis, as measured by the CAC score, in this RA cohort.
Interferon gamma is involved in the recovery of athymic nude mice from recombinant vaccinia virus/interleukin 2 infection.
Authors: G Karupiah, R V Blanden, I A Ramshaw
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

Athymic nude mice recover from an infection with recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) encoding murine interleukin 2 (IL-2), but treatment with a mAb to IL-2 accentuated infection. Administration of a mAb against interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) to mice infected with the IL-2-encoding virus completely prevented the IL-2-induced mechanisms of recovery. Both asialo-GM1+ (NK) and asialo-GM1- (non-NK) cells were participants in the IFN-gamma-mediated recovery of nude mice from infection with the IL-2-encoding VV recombinant. Depletion of asialo-GM1+ cells exacerbated infection, though not as much as anti-IFN-gamma mAb. In vitro, both asialo-GM1+ and asialo-GM1- nude mouse splenocytes produced IFN-gamma in response to IL-2.
Phagocytosis mediated by three distinct Fc gamma receptor classes on human leukocytes.
Authors: C L Anderson, L Shen, D M Eicher, M D Wewers, J K Gill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

We have evaluated the capacity of the three major classes of human Fc gamma R to mediate phagocytosis by measuring the ability of adherent phagocytes to internalize erythrocytes coated with anti-Fc gamma R mAb. Five different cell types were studied, freshly purified monocytes, cultured monocytes, alveolar macrophages, freshly purified polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes, and PMNs cultured in IFN-gamma. Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RII on whichever cells they were expressed were capable of phagocytosing anti-Fc gamma R mAb-coated erythrocytes. Furthermore, Fc gamma RIII on mononuclear phagocytes, which appears to be a conventional integral membrane protein that spans the lipid bilayer, was capable of phagocytosing anti-Fc gamma RIII-coated erythrocytes. However, Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils, a molecule linked to the membrane by a phosphatidylinositol-glycan moiety, although binding anti-Fc gamma RIII-coated erythrocytes vigorously was incapable of mounting a phagocytic response. This deficiency correlates with the limited capacity of Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils to mediate superoxide generation and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and it may be related to the unique structural features of Fc gamma RIII.
Restoring the Association of the T Cell Receptor with CD8 Reverses Anergy in Human Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes
Authors: Nathalie Demotte, Vincent Stroobant, Pierre J. Courtoy, Patrick Van Der Smissen, Didier Colau, Immanuel F. Luescher, Claire Hivroz, Julie Nicaise, Jean-Luc Squifflet, Michel Mourad, Danièle Godelaine, Thierry Boon, Pierre van der Bruggen
Journal: Immunity (2008)
THE EFFECTS OF VENOUS CONGESTION OF THE LIMBS UPON RENAL CLEARANCES AND THE EXCRETION OF WATER AND SALT. I. STUDIES IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER SPLANCHNICECTOMY 12
Authors: Robert W. Wilkins, Clarence M. Tinsley, James W. Culbertson, Belton A. Burrows, Walter E. Judson, Charles H. Burnett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)
Invasive Haemophilus influenzae in the United States, 1999–2008: Epidemiology and outcomes
Authors: Daniel J. Livorsi, Jessica R. MacNeil, Amanda C. Cohn, Joseph Bareta, Shelly Zansky, Susan Petit, Ken Gershman, Lee H. Harrison, Ruth Lynfield, Arthur Reingold, William Schaffner, Ann Thomas, Monica M. Farley
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march revisited
Authors: S. C. Dharmage, A. J. Lowe, M. C. Matheson, J. A. Burgess, K. J. Allen, M. J. Abramson
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Atopic dermatitis ( AD ) has become a significant public health problem because of increasing prevalence, together with increasing evidence that it may progress to other allergic phenotypes. While it is now acknowledged that AD commonly precedes other allergic diseases, a link termed ‘the atopic march’, debate continues as to whether this represents a causal relationship. An alternative hypothesis is that this association may be related to confounding by familial factors or phenotypes that comanifest, such as early‐life wheeze and sensitization. However, there is increasing evidence from longitudinal studies suggesting that the association between AD and other allergies is independent of confounding by comanifest allergic phenotypes. The hypotheses on plausible biological mechanisms for the atopic march focus on defective skin barrier function and overexpression of inflammatory mediators released by the skin affected by AD (including thymic stromal lymphopoietin). Both human and animal studies have provided evidence supporting these potential biological mechanisms. Evidence from prevention trials is now critical to establishing a causal nature of the atopic march. An emerging area of research is investigation into environmental modifiers of the atopic march. Such information will assist in identifying secondary prevention strategies to arrest the atopic march. Despite much research into the aetiology of allergies, little progress has been made in identifying effective strategies to reduce the burden of allergic conditions. In this context, the atopic march remains a promising area of investigation.
Warfarin-Induced Hypoprothrombinemia
Authors: Timothy Self, Mark Weisburst, Eric Wooten, Art Straughn, Joel Oliver
Journal: JAMA (1975)

HYPERTHYROIDISM has been reported to enhance the anticoagulant response to warfarin sodium.<sup>1,2</sup>We believe that the following case of increased sensitivity to warfarin was caused primarily by the patient's hyperthyroid state. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 53-year-old diabetic woman was admitted to the City of Memphis Hospitals in March 1974 for right hemiparesis and aphasia that had occurred the day before admission. She had a palpable 3×5-cm nodule in the right lobe of the thyroid. On the first hospital day, the patient went into atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular rate for which she was digitalized. Cerebral arteriogram showed occlusion of the posterior parietal branch of the left middle cerebral artery. Heparin sodium therapy was begun on the second hospital day. On the sixth hospital day, warfarin sodium therapy, 7.5 mg daily, was started, and after three days, prothrombin time (PT) increased from 13.7 seconds (control, 11.0) to 35.2
Once bitten, twice shy!
Authors: N. Raj
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

The incidence of infection after animal bites is increasing and can be a significant illness with many organs affected.1The key to successful management depends on an accurate diagnosis based on a careful history and isolation of the offending organism, followed by prompt institution of correct antibiotics and appropriate physiotherapy. To highlight this, we describe a patient who developed Pasteurella multocida cellulitis complicated by renal and liver disease, which led to a prolonged hospital stay.

A 74 year old widower presented with a two week history of increasing pain and swelling of the right forearm and hand with diminished range of movement of the elbow. He had given shelter to a stray cat, which had bitten him on the dorsum of the right hand three weeks previously. He was pale and unwell with a temperature of 38.5°C. The right hand and forearm were grossly oedematous and inflamed with pustule formation (fig 1). There was also a tense olecranon bursitis which restricted movement of the right elbow. Healing puncture marks were visible over the dorsum of the right hand. He had been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis about 30 years ago and had been treated only with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The rheumatoid disease was quiescent, and cardiovascular, respiratory, and abdominal systems were normal.



Figure 1 
Cellulitis of the right hand and forearm.



Investigations showed a …
Sociodemographic factors and the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis in young women.
Authors: T P Vliet Vlieland, N A Buitenhuis, D van Zeben, J P Vandenbroucke, F C Breedveld, J M Hazes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

To investigate the impact of sociodemographic factors on the outcome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).A group of 138 women with RA of recent onset and a mean duration of follow up of 5.8 years was studied. Additional information on sociodemographic variables at disease onset (level of formal education, marital status and employment status) was related to the initial disease severity and various outcome measures.Patients with lower levels of education showed a trend towards a worse outcome, according to Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, erosion score and the patient's and physician's assessment of outcome at the last visit. However, we also found a trend towards an association between lower levels of education and more severe disease at onset, as measured by HAQ score, erosion score and the number of painful and swollen joints. The association between lower levels of education and poorer outcome of RA was weakened after correction for the initial disease severity. Results of other sociodemographic variables were equivocal.Differences in severity of RA between patients with different levels of education develop or are present in the early stages of the disease.
754. Volumetry of Mouse Liver during and after Hydrodynamic Injection
Authors: Takeshi Suda, Dexi Liu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Backgrounds & Aims: A prerequisite of a large volume is a major obstacle toward clinical application of hydrodynamic gene delivery (HGD). In this study we measured liver volume and intravascular pressure during and after HGD, and correlated them with gene delivery efficiency. The study aimed to determine minimum volume for efficient gene delivery.
No-reflow pattern in penetrating intramyocardial coronary artery suggests myocardial ischemia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Woo-shik Kim, Shinichi Minagoe, Naoko Mizukami, Xiaoyan Zhou, Yutaka Otsuji, Akira Kisanuki, Chuwa Tei
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF THE EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
Authors: MEDWIN LEALE
Journal: JAMA (1913)

advanced.Freudenthal,88 Huiler.-1'von Navrai,i l,-'" and many others express their approval of more or less strenuous local measures, but temper their statements with groat conservatism.The opinion of Eorne81 may serve as a guiding principle; he states that the rational 1 real ment is to preserve the mucous membrane cover¬ ing the larynx and lo induce a metaplasia oi the columna mucosa into the Bquamous variety-that is.In induce a condition oi pachydermia laryngis.lie further states that Ihis is the natural process of arrest and that it can he induced and imitated by absolute rest to the voice and ihe suhmucous puncture with a galvanocaiitery point Among the loeal curative as well as palliative meas¬ ures none has been so highly praised within the last Eew years as the galvanocautery, and, although it is still unrecognized by many, it niiisi he accepted at present ¡is one' of the most'satisfying.Do lteynier'-believes it In he the only surgical procedure of any value.Others are nearly if not quite as enthusiastic.The galvano¬ cautery may be used in all forms oi the disease.
848-2 Utilizing of the fibrin meshwork to induce neovascularization in patients with chronic limb ischemia: Long-term follow-up
Authors: Nicholas N Kipshidze, Kote Kipiani, Nutsa Beridze, Gary Roubin, Mykola Tsapenko, Mohammad Shehzad, Jeffrey W Moses, Nodar N Kipshidze
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Early Detection, Curative Treatment, and Survival Rates for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Amit G. Singal, Anjana Pillai, Jasmin Tiro
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Background Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has level I evidence among patients with hepatitis B but only level II evidence in patients with cirrhosis. This lack of randomized data has spurred questions regarding the utility of HCC surveillance in this patient population; however, lack of randomized data does not equate to a lack of data supporting the efficacy of surveillance. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of HCC surveillance on early stage tumor detection, receipt of curative therapy, and overall survival in patients with cirrhosis. Methods and Findings We performed a systematic literature review using Medline from January 1990 through January 2014 and a search of national meeting abstracts from 2009–2012. Two investigators identified studies that reported rates of early stage tumor detection, curative treatment receipt, or survival, stratified by HCC surveillance status, among patients with cirrhosis. Both investigators independently extracted data on patient populations, study methods, and results using standardized forms. Pooled odds ratios, according to HCC surveillance status, were calculated for each outcome using the DerSimonian and Laird method for a random effects model. We identified 47 studies with 15,158 patients, of whom 6,284 (41.4%) had HCC detected by surveillance. HCC surveillance was associated with improved early stage detection (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 95% CI 1.80–2.37) and curative treatment rates (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.99–2.52). HCC surveillance was associated with significantly prolonged survival (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.67–2.17), which remained significant in the subset of studies adjusting for lead-time bias. Limitations of current data included many studies having insufficient duration of follow-up to assess survival and the majority not adjusting for liver function or lead-time bias. Conclusions HCC surveillance is associated with significant improvements in early tumor detection, receipt of curative therapy, and overall survival in patients with cirrhosis. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Privately run surgery centres for NHS patients proposed
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The UK government announced last week that private companies have been invited to negotiate contracts to run 26 new treatment centres throughout England.

The 24 centres and two mobile units will perform non-urgent surgery, including knee and hip replacements and cataract surgery, on NHS patients. They will add to more than 20 diagnostic and treatment centres already functioning; these, however, are all managed by the NHS.

The government announced a shortlist of preferred providers to run the treatment centres, including two companies from the United Kingdom, two from …
Book Review Complications in Anesthesiology Edited by Emilio B. Lobato, Nikolaus Gravenstein, and Robert R. Kirby. 1008 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2008. $169. 978-0-7817-8263-0
Authors: Brian P. Kavanagh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)