tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Ischemia: Detection and Quantitation
Authors: DAVID D. WATERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Myocardial ischemia at rest occurs only late in the course of coronary artery disease, but transient ischemia can often be induced by increasing myocardial oxygen demand with exercise or atrial pacing. Myocardial ischemia causes a series of physiologic abnormalities that can be detected by assessment of myocardial perfusion, regional mechanical function, electrophysiology, and metabolism. Methods of assessment vary widely in sensitivity, specificity, cost, and ease of application. Although the appropriate choice of diagnostic test may be difficult, the morbidity and mortality that result from myocardial ischemia and infarction and the demonstrated potential of coronary artery bypass surgery to reverse myocardial ischemia before the development of permanent sequellae make the detection of ischemia an important clinical problem. Present methods for quantitating myocardial ischemia are imprecise and difficult to apply but have been used successfully to evaluate the efficacy of therapies designed to reduce the size of myocardial infarction.
Use of a gastroscope armed with a transparent cap in the treatment of bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy
Authors: J. Leal-Salazar, J. Gonzalez-Gonzalez, A. Garza-Galindo, H. Maldonado-Garza, A. Flores Rendón, M. Mar Ruiz
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Cap-assisted endoscopy is useful in improving the visualization of some areas of the gastrointestinal tract [1]. A few reports exist on the use of a cap attached to the tip of a front-viewing gastroscope to facilitate the endoscopic view of the papilla of Vater. We describe the use of cap-assisted endoscopy to achieve hemostasis of an ampullary vessel bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy.
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease hepatic triglycerides in Fischer 344 rats
Authors: James R. Levy, John N. Clore, Wayne Stevens
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Dietary fatty acid composition modifies hepatic lipid metabolism. To determine the effects of fatty acids on hepatic triglyceride storage, rats were fed diets enriched in carbohydrates (control), fish oil, or lard. After 4 weeks, the animals were fasted overnight. In the morning, the animals were either sacrificed or fed 8 g of their respective diets before sacrifice. Animals ingested more food calories with diets containing fish oil than with other diets. However, fish oil-fed animals weighed less and had less body fat. In fish oil-fed animals, liver triglyceride was lower by 27% ( P &lt; .05) and 73% ( P &lt; .01) than in control- and lard-fed animals, respectively. Fish oil altered the postprandial gene expression of hepatic regulators of fatty acid degradation and synthesis. Fish oil feeding blunted the normal postprandial decline in fatty acid degradation genes (PPARα, CPT1, and ACO) and blunted the normal postprandial rise in triglyceride synthesis genes (SREBP1-c, FAS, SCD-1). Therefore, the direct postprandial effect of fish oil ingestion decreases the propensity for hepatic triglyceride storage. In conclusion, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease total body weight, total body fat, and hepatic steatosis. (Hepatology 2004;39:608-616.)
Gonad protection in young orthopaedic patients.
Authors: N. Kenny, J. Hill
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To determine whether gonad shields are correctly positioned on the pelvic radiographs of children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis.Retrospective study of radiographs taken of children treated by in situ pinning of slipped capital femoral epiphysis between 1 January 1983 and 31 December 1988.Three teaching hospitals in north west England.32 patients with complete set of radiographs.An average of 10.8 anteroposterior pelvic radiographs plus 8.9 lateral hip radiographs had been performed per patient. Gonad shields had been completely omitted in 137 (40%) anteroposterior pelvic radiographs performed on the 32 patients at the time of completion of the study. In 100 (29%) the gonad shields were adequately protecting the gonads, but in 109 (31%) the gonad shields were not protecting the gonads due to incorrect positioning of the shield. The incorrect positioning of the gonad shields was more commonly found in girls than boys (64 vs 45; p less than 0.012), presumably because of the difficulty in determining gonadal position in relation to surface landmarks. Absence of gonad shields was also more commonly seen in girls (82 v 55; p less than 0.005), but this is not easily explained.Gonad shields are not protecting the gonads in a large percentage of anteroposterior pelvic radiographs (71%) because they have been omitted or inadequately placed. This avoidable excess radiation exposure to the gonads, combined with the inability to shield the gonads in lateral hip radiographs and the large number of radiographs performed, results in the gonads receiving a higher dose of radiation than may otherwise be the case, and may increase the potential for disease in the future offspring of these patients.
A Further Description of the Bacillus Scarlatinae
Authors: A. Edington
Journal: BMJ (1887)

cied in this respect on our behalf.It may be that those who preside outr the Councils of this Association, are not satisfied that enough has been accomplishd in the name of otology to warrant its elevation to the status of a full Section.But whatever motive may have dictated the policy complained of, I am compelled to believe that the fault ws due to ignorance of the extent and character of the labours in which we are engaged, rather than to the intention of depreciating those labour.While, therefore, we will be thankful for the smaller mercy ac- corded us, we may rest ared that the time has passed in which it would be possible to repeat an occurrence which happened at the beginning of the present decade.At the time to which I allude, a gentleman became a candidate for the post of aural surgeon to one of the large London hospitals.A friend solicited the support of a senior member of the hospital staff in his interest, and received for answer: "Oh, yes; I daresay he will do very well to look into that little hole !"-meaning the external meatus.But, gentlemen, wehave emerged from the era of depreciation, and may take consolation for the past in the contemplation of the record which can justly be claimed for otology to-day.For the work of its disciples has made it abundantly clear that, amongst other diseases, many forms of infantile convulsions and meningitis associated with dentition, as also some most rapidly fatal tendencies developed during the course of the exanthemata, owe their gravity to implication of the ear-organ; and that the othevwiie fatal results of this complication
Massachusetts' new child abuse and neglect felony law repeals religious exemption
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

MASSACHUSETTS has adopted a law that makes child neglect and abuse a felony and has repealed the section of an existing law that exempts parents from prosecution for religiously motivated medical neglect of children. Joining South Dakota and Hawaii, Massachusetts is the third state since 1990 to strike religious exemption from its child abuse and neglect statutes. The remaining 47 states and the District of Columbia still have statutes that provide various degrees of legal protection to parents who withhold medical care from children for religious reasons. Many of these religious exemptions inhibit prosecution even when medical neglect results in the preventable death of a child. The effort to repeal religious exemption in Massachusetts was led by a coalition of more than 25 health, child advocacy, and civil liberty groups, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Massachusetts Medical Society. The new law, which was signed by Gov William
John Charnley: The Man and the Hip
Authors: D. Cantor
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

The man who played a large part in getting Mrs Thatcher elected three times deserves a hearing, whatever else you may wish to do to him.He combines with Liz Gill, a journalist who regularly contributes to The Times, to produce a most readable and informative book.Every person who has the misfortune to be given the responsibility of organising a large conference should read this volume-and those who organise smaller ones would benefit also.Harvey Thomas is an international public relations consultant and director of presentation of the Conservative party, having previously directed many of the Billy Graham international crusades.The 10 chapters are presented in three sections.The first deals with public speaking (whether to a meeting, on the radio, or before television cameras), the second with organising special events, and the third with improving grass roots support.
THE PROBLEM OF THE SEX OFFENDER
Authors: KARL M. BOWMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1951)

From my brief survey it is clear that the whole problem of the sex offender is a most complicated one and involves many fields. All attempts at better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention will require many years of cooperative research by scientists from many different fields. There is no one over-all way of attacking the problem. Rather one must attack individual facets. It is possible to pose a series of specific questions to which there is reason to believe we can get specific answers. By setting up more and more of these researches, which will attack limited phases of the problem, and by securing answers to such phases, we can hope to be able eventually to throw these answers together and by combining them obtain a solution to this problem.
Medical incident reporting needs a global online system
Authors: M. W. Denning
Journal: BMJ (2013)

As an ex-Royal Marine helicopter pilot and anaesthetics trainee I think that incident reporting is the one area where we can, and must, learn from an effective military system.1 The reporting of medical and surgical incidents is currently a mysterious and tribal procedure, with specialties and subspecialties reporting through their own journals and online systems. But does the information …
Ear Lobe Histiocytosis as a Clue to the Diagnosis of Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: MORTIMER S. GREENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Case Studies1 July 1964Ear Lobe Histiocytosis as a Clue to the Diagnosis of Subacute Bacterial EndocarditisMORTIMER S. GREENBERG, M.D.MORTIMER S. GREENBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-1-124 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe presence of histiocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with bacterial endocarditis was first reported in 1907 (1). It presumably indicates heightened reactivity of the reticuloendothelial system in response to the persisting infection (2). Daland, Gottlieb, Wallerstein, and Castle (3) have recently emphasized the diagnostic significance of finding histiocytes in the peripheral blood, especially in blood from the ear lobe, as a sign of occult bacterial endocarditis. This study reports on a patient who demonstrated marked histiocytosis in blood from the ear lobe and shows the effect of antibiotic therapy on this phenomenon.CASE REPORTA 65-year-old male rubber...References1. VAN NUYS F: An extraordinary blood: the presence of atypical phagocytic cells. Boston Med. Surg. J. 156: 390, 1907. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. MERKLENWOLF PM: Participation des endotheliites arteriocapillaries au syndrome de l'endocardite maligne lente. Presse Med. 36: 97, 1928. Google Scholar3. DALANDGOTTLIEBWALLERSTEINCASTLE GALROWB: Hematologic observations in bacterial endocarditis: especially the prevalence of histiocytes and the elevation and variation of the white cell count in blood from the ear lobe. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 48: 827, 1956. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. HILLBAYRD RWED: Phagocytic reticuloendothelial cells in subacute bacterial endocarditis with negative cultures. Ann. Int. Med. 52: 310, 1960. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, MassachusettsFrom the Medical Service, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, Department of Public Health, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and the Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.This study was supported by Public Health Service research grant AM-01146 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Mortimer S. Greenberg, M.D., Special Hematology Laboratory, Lemuel Shattuck Hospital, 170 Morton Street, Boston 30, Massachusetts. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1964Volume 61, Issue 1Page: 124-127KeywordsAntibioticsArthritisBloodEndocarditisHealth services researchHistiocytesHospital medicineMedical servicesMetabolic disordersPrevention, policy, and public health Issue Published: 1 July 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
EMF Exposure Study Rules Out 'Causing' Cancer, Finds 'Association' With Leukemia Puzzling but Real
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THERE IS NO conclusive evidence that exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) at the levels that occur in residences can cause cancer or have adverse neurobehavioral or reproductive and developmental effects. So states a report released at the end of October,<i>Possible Health Effects of Residential Electric and Magnetic Fields</i>, the result of a 3-year study by a 16-member committee of the National Research Council. Nevertheless, the report says, there remains unexplained a "weak but statistically significant" association between high levels of exposure to EMF and childhood leukemia—the observation made 20 years ago that triggered public concern over the issue. Congress requested the study, sponsored by the US Department of Energy, in response to widespread concern that exposure to the EMF produced by nearby power lines outside and electric appliances inside homes, schools, and public buildings may pose a risk to health. The issue was first raised 17 years
Working time directive puts patients' lives at risk, surgeons claim
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Patients are less safe than they were a year ago, before the introduction of the 48 hour limit on the average working week in the United Kingdom, say respondents to a survey by the Royal College of Surgeons.

However, the BMA, which has fought for the limit on doctors’ working week, is contesting some of the survey’s claims, citing a report from the now extinct Postgraduate Medical Education Training Board, which states that medical errors linked to overwork are more likely in posts that are not compliant with the directive.

The board’s report, which was based on responses to the training surveys in 2008-9, before the full 48 hour limit came into operation, showed that trainees who attributed their errors to overwork were in posts that overall were …
Abstract 1537: Combined Tbet and IL-12 gene therapy elicits and recruits superior anti-tumor immunity <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Jennifer L. Taylor, Yanyan Qu, Lu Chen, Devin B. Lowe, Walter J. Storkus
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have recently shown that intra-tumor (i.t.) injection of syngenic dendritic cells (DC) engineered to express the transcription factor Tbet (TBX21) promotes protective Type-1 T cell-mediated immunity via a mechanism that is largely interleukin (IL)-12p70-independent. Since IL-12 is a classical promoter of Type-1 immunity, the current study was undertaken to determine whether gene therapy using combined Tbet and IL-12 cDNA would yield improved anti-tumor efficacy based on the complementary/synergistic action of these biologic modifiers. Mice bearing established s.c. tumors injected with DC concomitantly expressing ectopic Tbet and IL-12 (i.e. DC.Tbet/IL12) displayed superior i.) rates of tumor rejection and extended overall survival, ii.) cross-priming of Tc1 reactive against antigens expressed within the tumor microenvironment, and iii.) infiltration of CD8+ T cells into treated tumors in association with elevated locoregional production of CXCR3 ligand chemokines. In established bilateral tumor models, i.t. delivery of DC.Tbet/IL12 into a single lesion led to slowed growth or regression at both tumor sites. Furthermore, DC.Tbet/IL12 pulsed with tumor antigen-derived peptides and injected as a therapy distal to the tumor site prevented tumor growth and activated robust antigen-specific Tc1 responses. These data support the translational use of combined Tbet and IL-12p70 gene therapy in the cancer setting. In order to target multiple gene pathways which should provide a more beneficial clinical outcome, we have begun combinational immunotherapy with DC.Tbet/IL12 and chemotherapeutic drugs targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kinases (i.e. sunitinib). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1537. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1537
Disclosing Physician Financial Incentives
Authors: Tracy E. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Federal and state regulatory initiatives as well as court decisions increasingly require managed care organizations to disclose physician financial incentives and have raised the issue of disclosure by physicians themselves. These mandates are based on ethical and legal principles arising from the patient-physician relationship and the relationship between health plan sponsors and enrollees. Disclosing incentives also serves important policy objectives: it can inform enrollees' choice of plan, reinforce enrollees' capacity to understand and exercise other rights under managed care, and discourage use of compensation methods that might compromise patients' access to treatment. However, significant conceptual and practical questions remain about implementing a disclosure mandate. Unresolved issues include the timing, content, and scope of disclosure, the relationship of disclosure to patients' substantive rights, and the impact of disclosure on trust between patients and physicians. These uncertainties exemplify the challenges facing policymakers, plans, and physicians as they determine how best to inform patients about managed care.
Preintervention arterial remodeling affects clinical outcome following stenting: an intravascular ultrasound study
Authors: Hiroyuki Okura, Yoshihiro Morino, Akio Oshima, Motoya Hayase, Michael R Ward, Jeffrey J Popma, Richard E Kuntz, Heidi N Bonneau, Paul G Yock, Peter J Fitzgerald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
PREVENTION OF TUBERCULOSIS BY FEEDING.
Authors: EPHRAIM CUTTER
Journal: JAMA (1896)

<h3>Introduction.</h3> —Tuberculosis is clearly the disease whose chief anatomic lesions are tubercles,<i>i. e.</i>, little tubers ("small potatoes" indeed) whose dire results are very great. They are minute, ovoid, obovoid or globular bodies, the products of biologic tissue invaded and preyed upon by a parasitic fungus whose infant state is generally deemed to be a bacillus and the mature form to be the mycoderma aceti, which generates acetic acid or vinegar. In other words, the action of the acetic acid of the vinegar plant itself and of the vitality of the invaded tissues result in hard little tubers (tubercles) as is well known. Like, but<i>large</i>tubers, are seen in plant biology; for example, the tumors on pear trees invaded by a fungous parasite, whose bacteria, mycelia and fruit (sporanges) penetrate the profoundest depths of the dense woody tissue, cambium and bark, as some twenty years ago I demonstrated by
Pimecrolimus cream 1% for papulopustular rosacea: a randomized vehicle-controlled double-blind trial
Authors: S. Weissenbacher, J. Merkl, B. Hildebrandt, A. Wollenberg, M. Braeutigam, J. Ring, H. Hofmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Rosacea remains difficult to treat, despite many therapeutic options.To investigate the effect of pimecrolimus cream 1% (Elidel; Novartis Pharma, Nuremberg, Germany) in the treatment of papulopustular rosacea.Forty patients with rosacea (25 men and 15 women, mean age 58 years) were enrolled in a randomized, vehicle-controlled, double-blind study. For 4-8 weeks, patients applied pimecrolimus cream or vehicle twice daily to the involved areas on the face. Rosacea severity score, subjective severity assessment and quality of life assessment were obtained, along with photographic documentation.Both treatment groups of 20 patients showed an improvement after 4 weeks. The differences were not significant (P > 0 x 05) with regard to mean absolute values, mean percentage changes from baseline, or mean absolute values as differences from baseline for the total score or scores of the different clinical signs (erythema, papulation, scaling and pustules). In the subjective severity score and the quality of life assessment, there was also no significant difference between pimecrolimus and the vehicle (P > 0 x 05).Treatment of rosacea for 4-8 weeks with the topical calcineurin inhibitor pimecrolimus cream 1% was not more efficacious than treatment with the vehicle cream.
Reply to W. Read
Authors: Sandip M. Prasad, Oliver Sartor, Charles L. Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

registered, have published results or have their results posted.Compliance with mandatory posting of results, as required by the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act, is low. 18,19oreover, this law concerns trials performed in the United States, with no similar law in Europe or elsewhere.So, before the ultimate step of data sharing, considerable improvement in transparency could be achieved by all trials being registered and their results available in journals or posted in clinical trial registries, as required by the All Trials campaign. 20 In the United States where posting trial results is mandatory, efforts should be made to more rigorously apply the law.Furthermore, we advocate extending the mandatory posting of results for all clinical trials worldwide.
The in vitro antifungal activity of ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, and selenium sulfide against Pityrosporum and their efficacy as a shampoo in the treatment of experimental pityrosporosis in guinea pigs
Authors: J. Van Cutsem, F. Van Gerven, J. Fransen, P. Schrooten, P.A.J. Janssen
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)
Detecting fabricated or induced illness in children
Authors: David M Foreman
Journal: BMJ (2005)

May now necessitate controversial surveillance tools 

F abricated or induced illness, sometimes called Munchausen syndrome by proxy, occurs when a carer fabricates the impression of illness in a child, sometimes deliberately harming the child to produce signs.1 The syndrome is uncommon but is associated with mortality of around 10%.2 The increased risk of unexplained death in siblings of children identified as having fabricated illness3 shows that the syndrome may be underdetected and current methods for identifying it are underdeveloped.4 The validity of the concept of fabricated or induced illness is accepted by expert professionals but has been rejected by some medical correspondents, senior politicians, and members of the public.

The commonest methods for inducing illness seem to be poisoning, including the misuse of prescribed medication, and suffocation (which is also …