tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surgery in Massive Hemoptysis.
Authors: John A. Crocco
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Surgery in Massive Hemoptysis.John A. Crocco, M.D., John J. Rooney, M.D., Harold A. Lyons, M.D., F.A.C.P.John A. Crocco, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, John J. Rooney, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Harold A. Lyons, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1185_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMassive hemoptysis, greater than 600 ml in 48 hr, 11 is associated with a high mortality (54%). Sixty-seven patients with this degree of pulmonary hemorrhage were studied. Groups were defined by age, estimated rate of bleeding, and nature and extent of underlying disease. The effect of surgery on the mortality was evaluated. In patients who bled more than 600 ml in 16 hr the mortality rate in the operable patients who underwent surgery was 25% as compared with 78% in the operable patients who did not undergo surgery and 73% in the nonoperable patients. In those who bled less than... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: John A. Crocco, M.D.; John J. Rooney, M.D.; Harold A. Lyons, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Brooklyn, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1185-1185KeywordsDeath ratesHemorrhageMortalitySurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Personal Watercraft-Related Injuries
Authors: Christine M. Branche
Journal: JAMA (1997)

An increase in the recreational use of personal watercraft (PWC) raises concern about an increase in associated injuries on a national level.To estimate the relative frequency, types of injury, and demographic features of persons injured while using PWC in the United States.Case series.Emergency department (ED) visits to hospitals participating a national probability sample.All persons treated for PWC-related injury from January 1,1990, through December 31, 1995.An estimated 32954 persons (95% confidence interval [CI], 22919-42989) with PWC-related injuries were treated in US hospital EDs, of which 3.5% were hospitalized. Personal watercraft-related injuries have increased significantly from an estimated 2860 in 1990 to more than 12000 in 1995. During this period, the number of PWC in operation increased 3-fold from approximately 241500 in 1990 to an estimated 760000 in 1995. The most prevalent diagnoses were lacerations, contusions, and fractures.The estimated number and percentage of patients treated in EDs for PWC-related injuries, by year, age, sex, and the number and rate per 1000 of PWC in operation by year.Since 1990, there has been at least a 4-fold increase in injuries associated with an increase in the recreational use of PWC. The rate of ED-treated injuries related to PWC was about 8.5 times higher (95% CI, 8.2-8.8; 1992 data) than the rate of those from motorboats. Specific training and adult supervision is recommended for minors using PWC. Furthermore, medical practitioners should encourage personal flotation device use and other protection for their patients who are known water enthusiasts.
Quantitative analyses and transcriptomic profiling of circulating messenger RNAs as biomarkers of rat liver injury
Authors: Barbara A. Wetmore, Dominique J. Brees, Reetu Singh, Paul B. Watkins, Melvin E. Andersen, James Loy, Russell S. Thomas
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Serum aminotransferases have been the clinical standard for evaluating liver injury for the past 50-60 years. These tissue enzymes lack specificity, also tracking injury to other tissues. New technologies assessing tissue-specific messenger RNA (mRNA) release into blood should provide greater specificity and permit indirect assessment of gene expression status of injured tissue. To evaluate the potential of circulating mRNAs as biomarkers of liver injury, rats were treated either with hepatotoxic doses of D-(+)-galactosamine (DGAL) or acetaminophen (APAP) or a myotoxic dose of bupivacaine HCl (BPVC). Plasma, serum, and liver samples were obtained from each rat. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased by all three compounds, whereas circulating liver-specific mRNAs were only increased by the hepatotoxicants. With APAP, liver-specific mRNAs were significantly increased in plasma at doses that had no effect on serum aminotransferases or liver histopathology. Characterization of the circulating mRNAs by sucrose density gradient centrifugation revealed that the liver-specific mRNAs were associated with both necrotic debris and microvesicles. DGAL treatment also induced a shift in the size of plasma microvesicles, consistent with active release of microvesicles following liver injury. Finally, gene expression microarray analysis of the plasma following DGAL and APAP treatment revealed chemical-specific profiles. Conclusion: The comparative analysis of circulating liver mRNAs with traditional serum transaminases and histopathology indicated that the circulating liver mRNAs were more specific and more sensitive biomarkers of liver injury. Further, the possibility of identifying chemical-specific transcriptional profiles from circulating mRNAs could open a range of possibilities for identifying the etiology of drug/chemical-induced liver injury. Hepatology 2010
Self-Rated Inhibited Anger, Somatization and Depression
Authors: Robert Kellner, Juan Hernandez, Dorothy Pathak
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1992)

In order to examine the relationship of self-rated inhibited anger to somatization, the authors administered several self-rating scales, including the SCL-90 and a Likert scale pertaining to inhibited anger, to psychiatric patients and family practice patients of both sexes. In a linear stepwise regression, depression predicted inhibited anger in all four groups. Previous studies have reported an association of inhibited anger and somatization; the present study suggests that depression is the link between the two in the majority of patients. The relationship of inhibited anger to depression may have implications for psychotherapy.
TCT-382 Safety and Feasibility of Optical Coherence Tomography: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Jors van der Sijde, Antonios Karanasos, Gijs van Soest, Nicolas M. Van Mieghem, Peter De Jaegere, Robert J. Van Geuns, Roberto Diletti, Felix Zijlstra, Ron Van Domburg, Evelyn Regar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Factors affecting the decline of ventilatory function in chronic bronchitis.
Authors: A H Campbell, C E Barter, J M O'Connell, R Huggins
Journal: Thorax (1985)

<h3>Summary</h3> The activity of dynein is regulated by a number of adaptors that mediate its interaction with dynactin, effectively activating the motor complex while also connecting it to different cargos. The regulation of adaptors is consequently central to dynein physiology, but remains largely unexplored. We now describe that one of the best-known dynein adaptors, BICD2, is effectively activated through phosphorylation. In G2 phosphorylation of BICD2 by CDK1 promotes its interaction with PLK1. In turn, PLK1 phosphorylation of a single residue in the N-terminus of BICD2 results in a conformational change that facilitates interaction with dynein and dynactin, allowing the formation of active motor complexes. BICD2 phosphorylation is central for dynein recruitment to the nuclear envelope, centrosome tethering to the nucleus and centrosome separation in G2/M. This work reveals adaptor activation through phosphorylation as crucial for the spatiotemporal regulation of dynein activity.
Disseminated human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in SCID-hu mice after peripheral inoculation with HIV-1.
Authors: T R Kollmann, M Pettoello-Mantovani, X Zhuang, A Kim, M Hachamovitch, P Smarnworawong, A Rubinstein, H Goldstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

A small animal model that could be infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) after peripheral inoculation would greatly facilitate the study of the pathophysiology of acute HIV-1 infection. The utility of SCID mice implanted with human fetal thymus and liver (SCID-hu mice) for studying peripheral HIV-1 infection in vivo has been hampered by the requirement for direct intraimplant injection of HIV-1 and the continued restriction of the resultant HIV-1 infection to the human thymus and liver (hu-thy/liv) implant. This may have been due to the very low numbers of human T cells present in the SCID-hu mouse peripheral lymphoid compartment. Since the degree of the peripheral reconstitution of SCID-hu mice with human T cells may be a function of the hu-thy/liv implant size, we increased the quantity of hu-thy/liv tissue implanted under the renal capsule and implanted hu-thy/liv tissue under the capsules of both kidneys. This resulted in SCID-hu mice in which significant numbers of human T cells were detected in the peripheral blood, spleens, and lymph nodes. After intraimplant injection of HIV-1 into these modified SCID-hu mice, significant HIV-1 infection was detected by quantitative coculture not only in the hu-thy/liv implant, but also in the spleen and peripheral blood. This indicated that HIV-1 infection can spread from the thymus to the peripheral lymphoid compartment. More importantly, a similar degree of infection of the hu-thy/liv implant and peripheral lymphoid compartment occurred after peripheral intraperitoneal inoculation with HIV-1. Active viral replication was indicated by the detection of HIV-1 gag DNA, HIV-1 gag RNA, and spliced tat/rev RNA in the hu-thy/liv implants, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), spleens, and lymph nodes of these HIV-1-infected SCID-hu mice. As a first step in using our modified SCID-hu mouse model to investigate the pathophysiological consequences of HIV-1 infection, the effect of HIV-1 infection on the expression of human cytokines shown to enhance HIV-1 replication was examined. Significantly more of the HIV-1-infected SCID-hu mice expressed mRNA for human tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta, and interleukin 2 in their spleens, lymph nodes, and PBMC than did uninfected SCID-hu mice. This suggested that HIV-1 infection in vivo can stimulate the expression of cytokine mRNA by human T cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Life Choices: A Hastings Center Introduction to Bioethics
Authors: Stuart G. Finder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 January 2001Life Choices: A Hastings Center Introduction to BioethicsStuart G. Finder, PhDStuart G. Finder, PhDCenter for Clinical and Research Ethics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. (Finder)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-2-200101160-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Howell JH, Sale WF, eds. 601 pages. Washington, DC: Georgetown Univ Pr; 2000. $35.00. ISBN 087840757X. Order phone 800-246-9606.Field of medicine: Medical ethics.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Health care professionals, teachers of bioethics, and laypersons.Purpose: To provide a challenging text for use in classrooms and by study groups and to serve as a testimony to the contributions of the Hastings Center to the field of bioethics.Content: Forty-five articles previously published in the Hastings Center Report are organized into nine main sections covering topics in bioethics. After a brief inquiry into the usefulness of ethics, chapters address issues ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Center for Clinical and Research Ethics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. (Finder) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 January 2001Volume 134, Issue 2Page: 168KeywordsBioethicsHealth careMedical ethicsPrevention, policy, and public healthRacial and ethnic issuesResearch ethicsSexual identitySocioeconomic statusSoftware toolsTransplantation ePublished: 16 January 2001 Issue Published: 16 January 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Massachusetts Red Cross Blood Program
Authors: Charles C. Lund
Journal: JAMA (1965)

During the year 1941, the American National Red Cross, nation-wide and in Massachusetts began collecting human blood for the production of plasma for the use of the armed forces and for civilian defense. Later some of this plasma was processed by various laboratories under army contracts for the production of albumin and γ-globulin, using processes initiated by the late Professor Edwin J. Cohn of Harvard. By the end of the war over 800,000 units of blood had been collected by the Red Cross in Massachusetts alone. With the ending of the war this program ceased. On Dec 8, 1945, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health initiated a blood procurement program for supplying whole blood and plasma to supplement the resources of the various hospital blood banks. Various chapters of the Red Cross assisted this program by furnishing volunteers to help man collecting centers, to solicit donations, and to furnish canteen
Somatic histone H3 alterations in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and non-brainstem glioblastomas
Authors: Gang Wu, Alberto Broniscer, Troy A McEachron, Charles Lu, Barbara S Paugh, Jared Becksfort, Chunxu Qu, Li Ding, Robert Huether, Matthew Parker, Junyuan Zhang, Amar Gajjar, Michael A Dyer, Charles G Mullighan, Richard J Gilbertson, Elaine R. Mardis, Richard K. Wilson, James R Downing, David W Ellison, Jinghui Zhang, Suzanne J Baker
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Synergistic antimicrobial activity by combining an allylamine with benzoyl peroxide with expanded coverage against yeast and bacterial species
Authors: C.G. Burkhart, C.N. Burkhart, N. Isham
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Dermatophyte infections can be polymicrobial. Topical antifungal therapies offer limited coverage of yeasts and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the increased usage of these topical antimicrobial agents has resulted in the development of resistant cases. Benzoyl peroxide (BP), used in concert with antimicrobial agents containing an accessible tertiary amine, has previously been shown to increase radical activity and biological effect. Objectives To determine the applicability of using the tertiary amine terbinafine in concert with BP in dermatophyte and mixed skin infections by means of in vitro testing. Methods In this preliminary in vitro study, the effect of BP, alone and in combination with terbinafine, was tested against Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolates following a checkerboard modification of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-A2 and M7-A6. The individual minimum inhibitory concentrations of terbinafine, BP, and the combination, were determined against each isolate. Results The combination of BP with terbinafine led to additive activities against the majority of Candida albicans isolates tested and additionally expanded the bacterial coverage of terbinafine. Conclusions The combination of antifungal agents bearing a tertiary amine with BP may have benefit in polymicrobial infections, given its wider antimicrobial coverage. Further appreciation of this mechanism of catalysis of BP radical formation by certain antimicrobials and other tertiary amine-containing compounds may lead to the discovery of improved treatments for several dermatological conditions.
Cardiovascular Response to a Modern Roller Coaster Ride
Authors: Juergen Kuschyk, Dariusch Haghi, Martin Borggrefe, Christian Wolpert, Joachim Brade
Journal: JAMA (2007)

To the Editor: Cardiovascular responses to older roller coaster rides have been studied,1 but technological advances have created rides that generate greater physical forces. We investigated cardiovascular responses to a modern roller coaster ride.
Von Ruck's Vaccine
Authors: Karl von Ruck
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor</h3> :—In The Journal of June 21, page 1936, there appears an article by R. S. Cummings, purporting to show his results in controlling some of my animal experiments, with a conclusion that immunity was not produced by my vaccine, and suggesting the possibility that the treatment had increased the susceptibility of the animals to the acquirement of tuberculosis. Were it not for the wide circulation of The Journal, Dr. Cummings' results would receive no notice whatever from me. for the simple and all-sufficient reason that the author has not followed my method and my technic, and indeed persisted in ignoring them, although I had particularly cautioned him against doing so in letters written to him on Aug. 30 and Sept. 3, 1912. In his letter to me dated Aug. 23, 1912, Dr. Cummings proposed to immunize his animals with a certain number of doses of my vaccine,
Nuclear Weapons Facilities Face Attacks From Environmentalists, Government Agencies
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE HEAT IS ON the Department of Energy (DOE). During the last few months, the DOE has become the target of investigations by citizens' groups, congressional committees, government agencies, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). All are charging that the DOE has engaged in illegal disposal practices at many of its nuclear weapons plants. Last year, the Rocky Flats Weapons Plant in Golden, Colo, became the first DOE facility to become the subject of an FBI investigation. Officials at the plant are suspected of concealing violations of environmental laws, among which are illegal toxic-waste storage and disposal. The plant, operated under contract by Rockwell International Corporation, processes plutonium and assembles plutonium triggers for weapons. It has a history of accidents dating back to 1957, when a fire released tens of thousands of millicuries of alpha radiation into the atmosphere. More than 200 additional small fires have added additional doses.
Relation of serum uric acid to body bulk, haemoglobin, and alcohol intake in two South Pacific Polynesian populations.
Authors: J.G Evans, I.A Prior, H.P Harvey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1968)

Two lines of inquiry have recently led to an interest in the distribution of serum uric acid levels (SUA) in healthy populations:(1) The problem of defining normal limits and elucidating the genetic determinations of unusually high values (Finn, Tweedie, Hall, Dinsdale, and Bourdillon, 1966; French, 1965).(2) The hypothesis that SUA may be related to psychological traits manifesting as "drive" or 0 25 mg./100 ml.
Personal paper: Clinical trial safety committees: the devil's spoon
Authors: J R Hampton
Journal: BMJ (2000)

He who sups with the devil needs a long spoon. To cast the pharmaceutical industry in the role of the devil may seem a little unfair, but the British Biotech affair has shown all too clearly that there are times when the industry must be kept at arm's length from the development of its own drugs. This paper describes briefly the problems which beset British Biotech—reports of which have generally been confined to the financial pages of the daily press—and emphasises the need for the medical profession to recognise that the relation between drug development and patient care will always be an uneasy one.

British Biotech was (and still is) one of the new breed of companies based on high technology, “hype,” and promise. Its market capitalisation—with a share price based solely on drugs under development—increased so much that the company nearly gained entry to the FTSE 100 index. When the director of clinical research, Dr Andrew Millar, told the principal shareholders that the clinical trials of two of their drugs were not going as well as the directors had claimed, he was dismissed and the share price collapsed. Millar was then sued by the company for breach of confidentiality. After nearly two years of legal wrangling British Biotech backed down and compensated him. The company's wrists were slapped by the Stock Exchange council—which is apparently what passes as “self regulation” in the City—and the story was over.

But all this need never have happened, and would not have done, had the two clinical trials in question been watched over by a data monitoring and safety committee. Although most companies and academics involved with clinical trials take the importance of data monitoring and safety committees as read, the British Biotech story is worth telling for the benefit of those who …
Surfing Injuries at Waikiki
Authors: Peter G. Lusk
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> It would appear to me that not all has been reported in the otherwise excellent article on surfing injuries at Waikiki that recently appeared (237:668, 1977). As a one-time employee at one of these Waikiki Beach emergency rooms, it was my experience that if the surf was up, so was the emergency room census from surf-related accidents. I remember preparing suture tray after suture tray for the many victims of the moray eel bite, assisting with the treatment of new coral cuts or old coral cuts that had become infected, not to mention standing over a treatment table and hearing the sound of a steel scalpel blade hitting against a piece of calcium that was none other than one or many embedded sea urchin spines that were being taken out. Jellyfish stings often occurred during surfing and affected each surfer in a different way; this is just
Radioelectrocardiography during Exercise in Patients with the Anginal Syndrome Use of Multiple Leads
Authors: SAMUEL BELLET, OTTO F. MULLER, DONALD W. LAVAN, GEORGE J. NICHOLS, ALLEN B. HERRING
Journal: Circulation (1964)

The electrocardiographic alterations during the period of and immediately following exercise were studied by means of radioelectrocardiography, in 90 patients with angina pectoris. Three leads (II, V 4 , and V 6 ) were utilized. The criteria for abnormality were based on the findings of 229 "normal" subjects between the ages of 17 and 39 and 300 "normal" subjects between the ages of 40 and 60. Sixty-eight of the 90 patients (76 per cent) with angina pectoris showed electrocardiographic abnormalities during and after the period of exercise. An additional seven patients (8 per cent) manifested alterations that were considered to be "probably abnormal." The incidence of false-negative tests was 10 per cent, those patients being excluded in whom the test had to be stopped early because of fatigue, leg pain, or other complaints. The findings indicate that the recording of the electrocardiogram during exercise adds considerably to the value of the test. In some patients (12 per cent), the electrocardiogram was positive only during the period of exercise, and in 30 per cent the abnormal findings were obtained chiefly during this period. The Master two-step test involves various technical and subjective difficulties such as interpretation of the alterations, wandering of the baseline, and lack of cooperation from the patient. In a certain percentage of patients with clinical angina pectoris false-negative tests are obtained. Also positive tests in subjects without definite anginal symptoms are not rare, but not enough long-term follow-up studies have been performed to delineate the significance of these findings. In spite of some limitations, the exercise electrocardiogram, especially that taken during as well as after exercise, is an important adjunct in the diagnosis of angina pectoris.