tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spinal-fluid gamma-globulin and multiple sclerosis.
Authors: J. Prineas, G. Teasdale, A. L. Latner, H. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1966)

It has been known for more than 20 years that the gamma globulin content of the spinal fluid is often disproportionately increased in multiple sclerosis (Kabat, Landow, and Moore, 1942). This finding has been confirmed by a variety of tech niques and is now of established value in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. However, the quantitative estimation of spinal-fluid gamma-globulin is not widely available as a routine diagnostic test, presumably because the original electrophoresis and immunochemical techniques are difficult and laborious. Simpler methods for estimating spinal-fluid gamma-globulin were introduced following Kunkel's (1947) demonstration that zinc sulphate precipitates gamma-globulin selectively from dilute serum (Donovan, Foley, and Moloney, 1951 ; Roboz, Hess, and Forster, 1953 ; Papadopoulos, Hess, O'Doherty, and McLane, 1959), and it has been claimed that such methods are as accurate as aids to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis as are electrophoresis and immunochemical methods (Foster and Horn, 1962 ; Tourtellotte, 1963 ; Castaigne, Cambier, and Schuller, 1965). A simple zinc sulphate method for estimating spinal-fluid gamma-globulin has been in routine use in the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, for the past five years. The following report outlines the results obtained during this period.
THE REALITY, MECHANISM, AND DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF DIMINUTION OF RETARDATION OF THE PULSE IN AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY.
Authors: A. T. KEYT
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read to the Section on Practice of Medicine and Physiology.] Dr. Hendérson1, in 1832, first emitted the idea that the interval between the heart's impulse and the arterial rial pulse is prolonged in aortic insufficiency. Since him others, and among them the principal authorities on diseases of the heart, have accepted the view. Flint says “that it characterizes certain cases in which the regurgitation is excessive, is not to be denied2.” Walshe writes: “This retardation may, with care, be detected in many, but unquestionably not in all, cases of that disease. Possibly, where no morbid retardation can be discovered, the failure may depend not on its absence, but on its being carried to such extremes that the arterial pulse produced by one cardiac systole is nearly synchronous with the next3.” As late as 1877, M. Tripier, in a publication4, advocated the reality of this exaggerated delay of the pulse in
The 1996 Paralympics: 'Triumph of the Human Spirit'
Authors: Brian J. Krabak
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of intended intraoperative cholangiography and early detection of bile duct injury on survival after cholecystectomy: population based cohort study
Authors: B. Tornqvist, C. Stromberg, G. Persson, M. Nilsson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objectives</b> To determine whether the routine use of intraoperative cholangiography can improve survival from complications related to bile duct injuries. <b>Design</b> Population based cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Prospectively collected data from the Swedish national registry of gallstone surgery and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, GallRiks. Multivariate analysis done by Cox regression. <b>Population</b> All cholecystectomies recorded in GallRiks between 1 May 2005 and 31 December 2010. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Evidence of bile duct injury, rate of intended use of intraoperative cholangiography, and rate of survival after cholecytectomy. <b>Results</b> During the study, 51 041 cholecystectomies were registered in GallRiks and 747 (1.5%) iatrogenic bile duct injuries identified. Patients with bile duct injuries had an impaired survival compared with those without injury (mortality at one year 3.9% <i>v</i> 1.1%). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that early detection of a bile duct injury, during the primary operation, improved survival. The intention to use intraoperative cholangiography reduced the risk of death after cholecystectomy by 62% (hazard ratio 0.38 (95% confidence interval 0.31 to 0.46)). <b>Conclusions</b> The high incidence of bile duct injury recorded is probably from GallRiks’ ability to detect the entire range of injury severities, from minor ductal lesions to complete transections of major ducts. Patients with bile duct injury during cholecystectomy had impaired survival, and early detection of the injury improved survival. The intention to perform an intraoperative cholangiography reduced the risk of death after cholecystectomy.
Clinical evidence for benefit of intracoronary progenitor cell therapy on post-infarction remodeling: Results of the TOPCARE-AMI trial
Authors: Volker Schachinger, Birgit Assmus, Ralf Lehmann, Claudius Teupe, Martina Britten, Natascha Doebert, Hans Martin, Stefanie Dimmeler, Andreas M. Zeiher, J.W. Goethe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
ELISA inhibition method in detection of mite and chironomid antigens in environmental samples of dust, soil and air
Authors: J. Y. Kimura, H. Matsuoka, A. Ishii
Journal: Allergy (1990)

To determine the amount of chironomids and mite antigens in the indoor and outdoor environment, we investigated samples from air, soil and house dust in the area around Lake Kojima, located in the western part of Japan. Three species of chironomid ( Tokunagayusurika akamusi, Chironomus yoshimatsui and Chironomus plumosus ) and a species of mite, Dermatophagoides farinae antigens were studied. The antigens were detected and quantified by inhibition ELISA. In the outdoor environment, C. yoshimatsui and T. akamusi antigens were more abundant than mite antigen, and seasonal fluctuations were observed. In the indoor environment, mite was the predominant antigen. D. farinae antigen was detected in almost all dust samples, with a slight reduction in winter compared to summer.
Clinical Lecture on Tubercular Meningitis
Authors: R. Southey
Journal: BMJ (1876)

BEFORE narrating the cases which I propose to bring before you to- day, I wish to direct your attention to the statistical table placed upon the slate, which records, as I believe, with fair accuracy, the preva- lence of this disease at different ages.It is compiled partly from Rilliet and Barthez, and from cases collected by Von Hessert and Dr. Seitz and myself.It would not have been difficult to collect more cases from our own antd other hospital records; but the numbers are enough to show the relative frequency of this affection at different periolds of life, and to enable you to see that adults share with children a proclivity to a particularly fatal localisation of tubercle. Ages.No. of Cases. Ages.No. of Cases.o to 5 years.... 79 36 to 4oyears.. 13
Abstract 4835: Gonosome-linked expression of PPP2R3B in cutaneous melanoma correlates with distant metastasis free survival
Authors: Alan Spatz, Leon C. van Kempen, Bastien Job, Catherine Richon, Michiel Barrois, Philipe Dessen, Vladimir Lazar, Stefan Michiels, Anne Helbling-Leclerc, Anne Dumay, Teresa Petrella, Gerald Batist, Marguerite Stas, Dirk Schadendorf, Joost van den Oord, Jean Feunteun
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: A strong adverse male effect for melanoma incidence and survival has been reported. No biological explanation, including hormonal differences, has been identified so far. We hypothesize that this gender difference in incidence and survival involves X-linked tumor suppressor genes and/or oncogenes whose expression is affected by X-chromosome alterations. Methods: DNA and RNA were extracted from 49 fresh frozen primary melanomas (32 females, 17 males, distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) &amp;lt;3 years or follow up &amp;gt;3 years) and subjected to array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Supervised and unsupervised cluster analyses were performed. X-inactivation was studied by Xist RNA in situ hybridization and androgen receptor methylation-sensitive PCR. The expression of a candidate X-linked gene was analyzed by quantitative PCR and correlated with DMFS in uni- and multivariate analyses. Results: Supervised cluster analyses revealed distinct DNA signatures associated with clinical and histopathological characteristics. Unsupervised clustering identified three groups of which one was composed of predominantly female patients (10/13) and associated with the worst DMFS. This group was characterized by loss of one X-chromosome in 7 of the 13 patients. Loss of X correlated with poor DMFS of female patients (logrank p=0.009). Intriguingly, the lost X chromosome was systematically the inactivated copy. Among the 17 males, Y-chromosome loss correlated with DMFS (logrank p=0.015). We found that the PPP2R3B gene, located within one of the pseudoautosomal regions and thus not inactivated on the inactive X in females, is lost from the Y in males. PPP2R3B encodes a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2 that may negatively control cell proliferation via targets such as CDC6 or RB. Quantitative analysis of PPP2R3B mRNA expression in an independent sample set of melanomas revealed a strong correlation between decreased levels of PPP2R3B expression and poor DMFS irrespective of gender in multivariate analysis (p=0.0007). Conclusion: Our analyses reveal a specific pattern of X and Y chromosome losses that are associated with melanoma progression. PPP2R3B is a potential gonosome-linked tumor suppressor gene, whose loss of expression correlates with poor DMFS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4835. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4835
Notch-1 expression is not related to the percentage of CD326+ cells in bone marrow aspirates of patients with primary breast cancer.
Authors: B Lee, C Li, A Lucci, EN Cohen, H Gao, S Krishnamurthy, NT Ueno, GN Hortobagyi, M Cristofanilli, WA Woodward, JM Reuben
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4030 Background: The presence of epithelial cells (CD326+CD45dim) in the bone marrow (BM), i.e. disseminated tumor cells (DTC), are related to poor prognosis of primary breast cancer (PBC). Notch signaling pathway is involved in the development of the breast and aberrant activation of Notch signaling is an early event in breast cancer. Others have shown that breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) with the putative phenotype of CD44+CD24- can be identified within cell lines and primary tumor and have upregulated genes including Notch-1. However, it is unclear if Notch-1 is highly expressed by DTC and BCSC in BM of patients with PBC. We hypothesized that the Notch-1 expression is correlated with the level of BCSC within DTC. In this study, we enumerated BCSC in DTC-enriched populations in patients with PBC and assessed the expression of Notch-1 by RT-PCR.&amp;#x2028; Methods and Patients: As part of an ongoing prospective study, from September 2006 to May 2008, 121 BM aspirates were collected from as many patients with PBC. Thirty-seven patients, median age of 52 years (range, 30-76 years), provided BM aspirates under anesthesia at time of surgery. At the time of BM collection, 9 patients had received neoadjuvant therapy. BM mononuclear cells (BMC) were enriched for DTC using anti-CD326 antibody-coated magnetic beads, and isolated using the AutoMACS-Pro cell separator system. DTC and BCSC were identified by multi-color FACS analysis. Thereafter, DTC-enriched cell preparations were analyzed for expression of ER, PR, HER-2, Notch-1, and Numb by RT-PCR; level of each transcript was normalized to a ratio to the house keeping gene GAPDH.&amp;#x2028; Results: The mean ± SEM DTC in BMC was 1.05 % ± 0.09% and the majority was BCSC (79.7% ± 1.87%). The proportion of DTC-enriched fractions that expressed Notch-1, Numb, ER, PR, and HER-2 transcripts was 27/37 (73.0%), 33/37 (89.2%), 24/37 (64.9%), 15/37 (40.5%), and 20/37 (54.1%), respectively. The expression of Notch-1, Numb, ER, PR, and HER-2 transcripts did not correlate with the percentage of DTC. Contrary to our hypothesis, Notch-1 and Numb mRNA expression in DTC-enriched cells negatively correlated with the percentage of BCSC (Spearman's rho = -0.384, p= 0.027; and rho= -0.347, p= 0.048, respectively).&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Our results show no correlation between the level of Notch-1 expression and the percentage of BCSC in DTC-enriched populations in BM of patients with PBC. Since these studies were conducted in CD326-enriched populations, it underscores the necessity to further purify the CD44+CD24- cells and conduct studies in isolated single cells to definitively delineate the gene expression of BCSC from patients with PBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4030.
Abnormal intraepithelial airway nerves in persistent unexplained cough?
Authors: F O'Connell, D R Springall, A Moradoghli-Haftvani, T Krausz, D Price, R W Fuller, J M Polak, N B Pride
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Idiopathic persistent nonproductive cough (PNPC) is characterized by enhanced cough sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin, suggesting that capsaicin-sensitive afferent airway nerves are either present in increased numbers or functionally upregulated. In 16 patients with idiopathic PNPC and eight healthy control subjects, we measured cough sensitivity to inhaled capsaicin and the anatomic density in bronchial epithelium of nerves immunoreactive for the general nerve-marker protein gene product (PGP)-9.5 and the sensory neuropeptides calcitonin-gene-related-peptide (CGRP) and substance-P (SP). The log concentrations of capsaicin required to elicit at least two (C2) and five (C5) coughs were significantly lower in patients (P) than in control subjects (C) (median [range] log C2, P = 0.3 [-0.3 to 1.2] microM; C = 1.5 [0.9 to 2.1], p < 0.0005; log C5, P = 0.8 [-0.3 to 2.1]; C = 2.6 [1.8 to 3.0], p < 0.0005). In bronchial epithelium taken from the carina of the right upper lobe (RUL) and a subsegmental carina of the right lower lobe (RLL), total nerve density (PGP-9.5 immunoreactivity) was greater in P than C, although this was not significant. CGRP-immunoreactive nerve density was significantly higher in P than in C in the RUL (median [range] P = 1.05% [0.13 to 5.08]; C = 0.02% [0 to 0.24], p = 0.001) and RLL (P = 0.59% [0.04 to 3.14]; C = 0% [0 to 0.50], p < 0.02). SP-immunoreactive nerves were not significantly different in the two groups. Abnormal intraepithelial airway nerves containing increased quantities of CGRP are present in patients with idiopathic PNPC.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Endogenous Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 1 by Tumor-Suppressive Maspin
Authors: Xiaohua Li, Shuping Yin, Yonghong Meng, Wael Sakr, Shijie Sheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Maspin, a noninhibitory serine protease inhibitor, exerts multifaceted tumor-suppressive effects. Maspin expression is associated with better differentiated phenotypes, better cancer prognosis, and better drug sensitivity. Consistently, maspin also correlates with increased expression of Bax and p21WAF1/CIP1. Interestingly, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), a major HDAC responsible for histone deacetylation, was shown to interact with maspin in a yeast two-hybrid screening. In this study, we confirmed the maspin/HDAC1 interaction in human prostate tissues, in prostate cancer cell lines, and with purified maspin. We produced several lines of evidence that support an inhibitory effect of maspin on HDAC1 through direct molecular interaction, which was detected in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Both endogenously expressed maspin and purified maspin inhibited HDAC1. In contrast, small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing of maspin in PC3 cells increased HDAC activity. Accordingly, maspin-transfected DU145 cells exhibited increased expression of HDAC1 target genes Bax, cytokeratin 18 (CK18), and p21WAF1/CIP1, whereas maspin siRNA decreased CK18 expression in PC3 cells. The maspin effect on HDAC1 correlated with an increased sensitivity to cytotoxic HDAC inhibitor M344. Interestingly, glutathione S-transferase (GST, another maspin partner) was detected in the maspin/HDAC1 complex. Furthermore, a COOH-terminally truncated maspin mutant, which bound to HDAC1 but not GST, did not increase histone acetylation. Although HDACs, especially the highly expressed HDAC1, are promising therapeutic targets in cancer intervention, our data raise a novel hypothesis that the endogenous inhibitory effect of maspin on HDAC1 is coupled with glutathione-based protein modification, and provide new leads toward future developments of specific HDAC1-targeting strategies. (Cancer Res 2055; 66(18): 9323-9) (Cancer Res 2006; 66(18): 9323-9)
A novel mutation of the β‐globin gene promoter (−102 C&gt;A) and pitfalls in family screening
Authors: Patricia Aguilar‐Martinez, Eric Jourdan, Sophie Brun, Séverine Cunat, Muriel Giansily‐Blaizot, Serge Pissard, Jean‐François Schved
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

We describe a family with beta-thalassemia in which several pitfalls of genetic diagnoses were present. These include coherent family phenotypes with discrepancies in molecular findings because of nonpaternity, and a false beta-globin gene homozygous genotype due to a large deletion in the second locus. These findings underline the difficulties of family genetic studies and the need for tight relationship between professionals involved in laboratory studies and those in-charge of the clinical follow-up and genetic counselling. In this family, we also report a new silent beta-thalassemia mutation, -102 (C>A), in the distal CACCC box of the beta-globin gene promoter.
Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Cirrhosis of the Liver and with Portacaval Shunts
Authors: ROBERT M. SENIOR, RICHARD C. BRITTON, GERARD M. TURINO, JOHN A. WOOD, GLENN A. LANGER, ALFRED P. FISHMAN
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Pulmonary hemodynamics were studied in 11 patients with hepatic cirrhosis who had undergone surgical portal decompression several years earlier. Four of the patients had both clinical and physiological evidence of pulmonary hypertension; two others had mild, subclinical pulmonary hypertension. Autopsy examination of two patients who had clinical evidence of pulmonary hypertension revealed thickening of the small pulmonary arteries and multiple small pulmonary emboli. Before the portosystemic venous anastomosis was created, all of the patients had had normal cardiorespiratory performance. These studies suggest that emboli from the portal vein may have been involved in the genesis of the pulmonary hypertension in these patients. The role of surgical portal decompression is unclear. Retrospective studies of 70 clinical records and of 17 autopsy protocols in a similar group of patients did not clarify the role of the surgical decompression in the genesis of the pulmonary hypertension.
Gemcitabine Plus Vinorelbine Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Bladder Carcinoma Who Are Medically Unsuitable for or Who Have Failed Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Kadir Türkölmez, Yaşar Bedük, Sümer Baltacı, Çağatay Göğüş, Orhan Göğüş
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Leukopenia in Still's Disease-Reply
Authors: Eve Scopelitis
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate the comments of Drs Calmes and Bartholomew. Systemic lupus erythematosus was considered, but, the clinical picture of the two patients, along with the absence of serological abnormalities, excluded this diagnosis. We are familiar with the entity of ANA-negative SLE and its strong association with anti-SSA (or Ro) antibodies.<sup>1,2</sup>Serum samples from both patients were tested for specific ANA, including anti-SSA, and were found to be negative on multiple occasions. Nevertheless, the presence of anti-SSA antibodies is not restricted to SLE. In a recent study, these antibodies were demonstrated in the serum of patients with a variety of connective-tissue diseases, including two patients with otherwise typical Still's disease (one adult and one child).<sup>3</sup> The dermatologic manifestations of Still's disease are very different from those of subacute cutaneous lupus. As in the two cases presented, the rashes of Still's disease are transient and nonphotosensitive, while those
Sex Chromatin Frequency
Authors: Mitchell R. Zavon
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Drs. Platt and Kailin in the issue of Jan 18, 1964 (<i>JAMA</i><b>187</b>:182) point out the substantially higher sex chromatin frequency in well clinic patients and healthy laboratory workers as compared with that of psychotics, atopic subjects, and persons with chemical reaction syndrome. It is not clear how the authors differentiate between psychosis and "chemical reaction syndrome," nor how the syndrome is established as a clinical entity. It does not appear that the method of diagnosis allows a clear differentiation from psychoneurosis or psychosis. All that has been proved is that certain persons with decreased sex chromatin frequency may react in a rather bizarre manner to a wide range of chemicals normally found in our environment. The reactions could equally well be described as of a psychosomatic nature; the authors have done nothing to prove that a new syndrome exists.
Primaquine-sensitivity of Red Cells in Various Races in Southern Africa
Authors: R. W. Charlton, T. H. Bothwell
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Selective red-cell aplasia or hypoplasia occurred in 9 out of 23 cases of marasmus and kwashiorkor in Kenya.Serial bone-marrow punctures showed that the red-cell precursors were normal on admission, and the marrow became hypoplastic or completely aplastic during recovery, at a time when the serum proteins were returning to normal.There was no single factor that could be regarded as a cause of these red-cell aplasias.Treatment with oral or intramuscular riboflavine reactivated the marrow and was followed by reticulocytosis and a rise in haemoglobin and packed cell volume.The implications of the marrow aplasia in marasmus and kwashiorkor are discussed.Both the adrenal dysfunction of the " recovery syndrome " and the red-cell aplasia may be associated with riboflavine deficiency, particularly as the serum riboflavine is low in marasmus and kwashiorkor and the aplasia responds to ribofilavine.Our thanks are due to the Kenya Medical Department and the medical and nursing staff of the children's ward of the King George VI Hospital for help and assistance given to us during these investigations.
Real and virtual environments, real and virtual memory
Authors: Gary W. Strong
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

What is encoded in working memory may be a content-addressable pointer, but a critical portion of the information that is addressed includes the motor information to achieve deictic reference in the environment. Additionally, the same strategy that is used to access environment information just in time for its use may also be used to access long-term memory via the pre-frontal cortex.