tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis by Phleborheography
Authors: LINCOLN J. BYNUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Phleborheography, a recently described noninvasive test for deep venous thrombosis, was compared with leg venography in 75 patients. Acute deep venous thrombosis was accurately diagnosed by phleborheography in 24 patients, with no false-positive diagnoses. External venous compression without thrombosis was diagnosed correctly in two patients. The remaining patients appeared normal or had chronic venous disease by phleborheography; however, 11 of these had acute deep venous thrombosis by venography, for a false-negative rate of 31%. Most undetected thrombi were in small calf veins. The specificity of phleborheography is thus 100%, but the sensitivity is only 69%. Similarly, its positive predictive value is 100% and the negative predictive value is 78%. When phleborheography shows acute deep venous thrombosis, this diagnosis may be accepted with confidence and therapy chosen accordingly, without venographic confirmation. Venography may still be required to withhold anticoagulation when phleborheography is negative.
An Evaluation of the Periodic Health Examination
Authors: NORBERT J. ROBERTS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Article1 December 1964An Evaluation of the Periodic Health ExaminationA PrefaceNORBERT J. ROBERTS, M.D.NORBERT J. ROBERTS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-6-997 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1958 a small group of persons actively engaged in the periodic health examination of "well" persons first met in Washington under the sponsorship of the U. S. Public Health Service to exchange information and to gain a better understanding of the achievements of this type of program. Envisioned at the first meeting was the possibility of pooling data from various clinics doing periodic health examinations in order to utilize the body of knowledge on supposedly well persons, which has been accumulating over the years. The group has continued to meet at annual intervals and with the encouragement and support... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaFrom the School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Stanley S. Schor, Ph.D., B-2 McIlhenny Dormitories, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104.*The Committee at present consists of Drs. Norbert J. Roberts (Chairman), James P. Baker, Thomas W. Clark, James P. Dunn, Kendall A. Elsom, Katharine O. Elsom, William M. Mikkelsen, Leonard W. Parkhurst, Stanley S. Schor, and (ex-officio) Mr. James Miller, U. S. Public Health Service. In addition, the following persons have served on the Committee previously: Drs. Cutting B. Favour, C. J. Tupper, and (ex-officio) Mr. Robert Thorner, U. S. Public Health Service.†Stanley S. Schor, Project Director, Siegfried Heyden, Katharine O. Elsom, and Thomas W. Clark. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byClinical and Biological Observations on Working MenDiabetes and heart disease: periodic health examination programs.Mortality among Males in Periodic-Health-Examination ProgramsThe Medical Scholar and His DilemmaR. H. KAMPMEIER, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 December 1964Volume 61, Issue 6Page: 997-998KeywordsHealth information technologyMedical services ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1964 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright ©, 1964, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
MYOCARDIAL INJURY DURING ON-PUMP CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY
Authors: Shirjel Alam, Vipin Zamvar, Renzo Pessotto, Steff Lewis, Marc Dweck, Colin Moore, Scott Semple, Oliver Wiedow, Nicholas Mills, Anoop Shah, Colin Stirrat, Saeed Mirsadraee, David Newby, Peter Henriksen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Chyluria With Lymphangiographic Abnormalities
Authors: Marvin Pomerantz
Journal: JAMA (1966)

CHYLURIA is a disease in which the anatomical defect is characterized by abnormal connections between the lymphatic and genitourinary systems. Although described by Hippocrates, 1 it was not until the advent of retrograde pyelography and lymphangiography that these communications were demonstrable in the living subject. While pyelolymphatic reflux was demonstrated as early as 1929, 2 it was not until 1963 that the first reports in the English literature described the demonstration of these communications by lymphangiography. 3,4 Since then several additional case reports have been published. 5,6   Recently, we have had the opportunity to study a patient with chyluria who demonstrated pyelolymphatic reflux on retrograde pyelography. In addition, abnormal communications between the retroperitoneal lymphatics and the left kidney were demonstrable by lymphangiography.  Report of a Case  A 56-year-old native North Carolinian farmer was first admitted to the Duke University Medical Center on July 22, 1963. The significant findings were right
S41 Expression of functional receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)-1 by airway epithelial cells with dysregulation in asthma
Authors: A. B. Kay, K. Bonner, H. H. Kariyawasam, F. R. Ali, P. Clark
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Epithelial cell expression of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a feature of provoked asthma. Receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) and the calcitonin-receptor-like receptor (CRLR) combine to form the CGRP1 receptor. We determined whether functional RAMP1 is expressed by airway epithelial cells and if there are alterations in asthma at baseline and after allergen challenge. <h3>Methods</h3> BEAS-2B and A549 cells lines were studied by RT-PCR, confocal microscopy, a quantitative immunofluorescence assay and ELISA. Bronchial biopsies from normals and asthmatics were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. <h3>Results</h3> Inflammatory cytokines induced CGRP release and CGRP mRNA in BEAS-2B and A549 epithelial cell lines. RAMP1 was highly expressed by resting, unstimulated BEAS-2B and A549 cells. CGRP induced internalisation of RAMP1 and IL-6 production, both of which were inhibited by the CGRPR antagonist, CGRP8-37. Activation of BEAS-2B and A549 cells by inflammatory cytokines induced CGRP secretion, binding of CGRP to RAMP1 and RAMP1 internalisation which was blocked by CGRP 8-37. RAMP1 immunoreactivity and RAMP1 mRNA expression in bronchial biopsies from asthmatics was significantly lower than in normal subjects (p=0.002 and p=0.007, respectively). Inhalational challenge of atopic asthmatics with allergen-derived peptides produced a significant decrease in the numbers of RAMP1-positive epithelial cells in responders (p=0.027) but not non-responders. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RAMP1 was expressed both by airway epithelial cells in culture and in bronchial biopsies from normal subjects and internalised after epithelial cell activation through autocrine feedback of CGRP. There is an apparent dysregulation of RAMP1 in asthmatic epithelium suggesting continuous stimulation of pathways involving CGRP.
Modulation of the outcome and severity of hepadnaviral hepatitis in woodchucks by antibodies to hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor
Authors: Jingyu Diao, Darlene M. Slaney, Tomasz I. Michalak
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Viral hepatitis is frequently accompanied by humoral autoimmune responses toward both organ-nonspecific and liver-specific antigens, but contribution of these reactivities to liver injury remains unrecognized. Infection with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) has been identified as a potent inducer of autoantibodies against asialoglycoprotein receptor (anti-ASGPR), a molecule essentially unique to hepatocytes that mediates clearance of desialylated serum proteins. In this study, we applied the WHV-woodchuck model of hepatitis B to examine the effect of experimentally elicited anti-ASGPR on the progression and the severity of WHV hepatitis in initially healthy animals immunized with the receptor and then infected with WHV and in woodchucks with ongoing chronic WHV hepatitis. The results implied that the induction of anti-ASGPR prior to WHV infection tends to modulate acute viral hepatitis toward chronic outcome and, in animals with established chronic WHV infection, exacerbates histologic severity of liver lesions. The findings also suggest that the liver compromised by chronic hepadnavirus infection might be prone to anti-ASGPR-directed complement-mediated hepatocellular injury and that this is associated with formation of the ASGPR-anti-ASGPR immune complexes on hepatocyte surface. In conclusion, the host's immune response mounted against a hepatocyte-specific autoantigen may modulate both the outcome and the severity of liver injury in viral hepatitis.
Differences in mortality and morbidity in African Caribbean and European people with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: results of 20 year follow up of a London cohort of a multinational study
Authors: N. Chaturvedi, J. Jarrett, N. Morrish, H. Keen, J. H Fuller
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine differences in morbidity and mortality due to non-insulin dependent diabetes in African Caribbeans and Europeans. <b>Design</b>: Cohort study of patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes drawn from diabetes clinics in London. Baseline investigations were performed in 1975–7; follow up continued until 1995. <b>Patients</b>: 150 Europeans and 77 African Caribbeans with non-insulin dependent diabetes. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: All cause and cardiovascular mortality; prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications. <b>Results</b>: Duration of diabetes was shorter in African Caribbeans, particularly women. African Caribbeans were more likely than the Europeans to have been given a diagnosis after the onset of symptoms and less likely to be taking insulin. Mean cholesterol concentration was lower in African Caribbeans, but blood pressure and body mass index were not different in the two ethnic groups. Prevalence of microvascular and macrovascular complications was insignificantly lower in African Caribbeans than in Europeans. 59 Europeans and 16 African Caribbeans had died by the end of follow up. The risk ratio for all cause mortality was 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.23 to 0.73) (P = 0.002) for African Caribbeans v Europeans. This was attenuated to 0.59 (0.32 to 1.10) (P = 0.1) after adjustment for sex, smoking, proteinuria, and body mass index. Further adjustment for systolic blood pressure, cholesterol concentration, age, duration of diabetes, and treatment made little difference to the risk ratio. Unadjusted risk ratios for cardiovascular and ischaemic heart disease were 0.33 (0.15 to 0.70) (P = 0.004) and 0.37 (0.16 to 0.85) (P = 0.02) respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: African Caribbeans with non-insulin dependent diabetes maintain a low risk of heart disease. Management priorities for diabetes developed in one ethnic group may not necessarily be applicable to other groups. <h3>Key messages</h3> People of black African descent worldwide have low rates of heart disease despite having high rates of diabetes This study found that this protection from heart disease persists in people with diabetes: African Caribbeans with diabetes have a third of the risk of dying from heart disease compared with Europeans Assumptions about risk factor relations derived from studies in European populations may not necessarily hold true for other ethnic groups Establishing the reasons for this relative protection may further the understanding of heart disease and may provide valuable clues to help reduce the risk of heart disease in all populations
Social deprivation and health. Disease registers valuable if geographically defined.
Authors: D Killalea, A Davis, G Hanstock, J Hanson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To describe mortality in workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos, and determine exposure–response relationships between asbestos exposure and mortality from lung cancer and asbestosis by fitting and comparing different models. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective cohort consisting of 586 workers in an asbestos textile factory was followed from 1 January 1972 to 31 December 2006. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect personal information and exposure data. Paired concentration samples measured in the workshops were used to convert dust concentrations to fibre concentrations. Individual cumulative asbestos exposure was estimated as the product of fibre concentrations and duration of employment in each job and expressed as fibre-years/ml. The vital status of cohort members was followed annually. Poisson regression analysis was applied to fit log-linear, log-quadratic, power, additive relative risk and categorical models to estimate exposure–response relationships between cumulative fibre exposure and mortality from lung cancer and asbestosis. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 226 deaths (14.6 per 1000 person-years) over the 35-year follow-up, 51 were from lung cancer (3.29 per 1000 person-years) and 37 from asbestosis (2.39 per 1000 person-years). A significant exposure–response relationships with either lung cancer or asbestosis (p&lt;0.001) was observed in the final model. The power model with lagged 10 years was found to be the best model of those evaluated for both lung cancer (β coefficient=0.53) and asbestosis (β coefficient=0.63). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study confirmed strong associations between exposure to chrysotile asbestos and lung cancer and asbestosis, in which clear exposure–response relationships were observed.
Pseudogout Mimicking Systemic Disease
Authors: David Bong
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Pseudogout is a great mimicker of other forms of arthritis, often leading to diagnostic confusion. The association of pseudogout and fever is less widely recognized. We describe eight patients in whom fever was a prominent manifestation of pseudogout leading to misdiagnosis, overinvestigation, and a delay in appropriate treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:1438-1440)
Improved Plasma Glucose Control, Whole-Body Glucose Utilization, and Lipid Profile on a Low-Glycemic Index Diet in Type 2 Diabetic Men
Authors: Salwa W. Rizkalla, Laika Taghrid, Muriel Laromiguiere, Dorothée Huet, Josette Boillot, Aude Rigoir, Fabienne Elgrably, Gerard Slama
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To determine whether a chronic low-glycemic index (LGI) diet, compared with a high-glycemic index (HGI) diet, has beneficial effects on plasma glucose control, lipid metabolism, total fat mass, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Twelve type 2 diabetic men were randomly allocated to two periods of 4 weeks of an LGI or HGI carbohydrate diet separated by a 4-week washout interval, in a crossover design. RESULTS—The LGI diet induced lower postprandial plasma glucose and insulin profiles and areas under the curve than after the HGI diet. At the end of the two dietary periods, the 7-day dietary records demonstrated equal daily total energy and macronutrient intake. Body weight and total fat mass were comparable. Four-week LGI versus HGI diet induced improvement of fasting plasma glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.01, Δ changes during LGI vs. HGI), HbA1c (P &amp;lt; 0.01), and whole-body glucose utilization measured by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (P &amp;lt; 0.05). LGI diet induced a decrease in fasting plasma total and LDL cholesterol (Δ changes LGI vs. HGI, P &amp;lt; 0.01), free fatty acids (P &amp;lt; 0.01), apolipoprotein B, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 activity. CONCLUSIONS—Only 4 weeks of an LGI diet was able to improve glycemic control, glucose utilization, some lipid profiles, and the capacity for fibrinolysis in type 2 diabetes. Even if changes in glycemic control were modest during the 4-week period, the use of an LGI diet in a longer-term manner might play an important role in the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related disorders.
Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis and Management of the Renal Mass
Authors: Matthew A. Mauro, Dennis M. Balfe, Robert J. Stanley, Philip J. Weyman, Joseph K. T. Lee, Bruce L. McClennan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

IN RECENT years, computed tomography (CT) has been found extremely useful in the diagnosis and management of renal masses. Computed tomography provides an accurate morphological picture of the renal mass, and its precise contrast resolution allows identification of characteristic attenuation values as well. Often, the CT diagnosis is conclusive enough to obviate further diagnostic or preoperative radiological studies. <h3>CYST</h3> Computed tomography is highly accurate in the diagnosis of the simple renal cyst and, therefore, is reliable in the differentiation between a cyst and a renal neoplasm. Renal cysts may be cortical, intrarenal, or parapelvic and can be diagnosed confidently when the mass fulfills the following CT criteria: (1) uniform, near-water density attenuation values, (2) imperceptible thickness of wall if a portion of the cyst projects beyond the surface of the kidney, (3) sharp separation from normal renal parenchyma, and (4) lack of enhancement after intravenous (IV) administration of contrast (Fig
TCT-721 Comprehensive Prospective Cognitive and Physical Function Assessment in Elderly Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Katia Orvin, Danny Dvir, Avraham Weiss, Abid Assali, Hana Vaknin-Assa, Yaron Shapira, Osnat Gazit, Alex Sagie, Ran Kornowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Endogenous atrial natriuretic factor is involved in the natriuresis following sodium loading in rats with chronic heart failure
Authors: H. Drexler, C. Hirth-Dietrich, J.-P. Stasch, D. Neuser, R. Gross, H.-U. Kauczor, H. Just, S. Kazda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Endogenous atrial natriuretic factor is involved in the natriuresis following sodium loading in rats with chronic heart failure Get access Helmut Drexler, Helmut Drexler Correspondence to: Dr Drexler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Claudia Hirth-Dietrich, Claudia Hirth-Dietrich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Johannes-Peter Stasch, Johannes-Peter Stasch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dieter Neuser, Dieter Neuser Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rainer Gross, Rainer Gross Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hanjörg Just, Hanjörg Just Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stanislav Kazda Stanislav Kazda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 7, July 1991, Pages 558–564, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.7.558 Published: 01 July 1991 Article history Received: 22 June 1990 Accepted: 04 March 1991 Published: 01 July 1991
Asbestos-related diseases
Authors: Howard Frumkin, David Egilman, Michael Kelly, David Christiani, Lewis Pepper, James Cone, Nancy Sprince, Jay Himmelstein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As members of the Diagnostic Criteria Committee of the American Public Health Association's Occupational Health Section, we were pleased to see published the report on asbestos-related diseases of the Council on Scientific Affairs.<sup>1</sup>We were especially pleased at the disclaimer, which states that the report "is not intended as a standard of medical care" (p 2593), because a series of inaccuracies, omissions, and biases makes the report unsuitable for any such use. Specifically, we would like to address seven points. The diagnosis of asbestosis. As practitioners of occupational medicine, we strongly maintain that asbestosis should be diagnosed in any patient with a significant exposure history and with characteristic findings on physical examination (rales), pulmonary function testing (restrictive lung disease), and chest roentgenography (interstitial disease). In fact, not all three findings are always necessary. In this regard, the report is unrealistic for two reasons. First, it
Abstract 3940: Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in ovarian cancer: The hypoxic implications
Authors: Georgia A. McCann, Shan Naidu, Brent J. Tierney, Meryl Sudhakar, David E. Cohn, Karuppaiyah Selvendiran
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The hypoxic microenvironment plays a key role in tumorigenesis and the development of therapeutic resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The goal of this study was to examine the expression of STAT3 in hypoxic EOC, to understand its mechanism of activation, and to explore the therapeutic efficacy of a novel compound HO-3867. Methods: Expression of STAT family proteins in cell lines and human tumor specimens was analyzed via western blot and IHC. MTT was used to assess cell viability and apoptotic analysis was performed using flow cytometry. Over-expression or suppression experiments were performed using S1PR1 cDNA and shRNA. Tumor xenografts were made with cell lines exposed to hypoxic preconditioning. Results: pSTAT3 Tyr705 is highly expressed in ovarian cancer cell lines exposed to hypoxia as well as in hypoxic regions of advanced human EOC tumor specimens. Accelerated xenograft tumor growth was observed when implanted cells were pre-conditioned in a hypoxic microenvironment. Similar to our in vitro findings, the tumor xenografts of hypoxic ovarian cancer cells (HOCCs) had high expression of pSTAT3 and its target proteins. We found an increased expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1(S1PR1) in HOCCs, a known positive feedback regulator of STAT3 transcription. Suppression of S1PR1 expression with shRNA significantly reduced the expression of pSTAT3 Tyr705 through the inhibition of the JAK kinases, resulting in decreased cell survival. Conversely, overexpression of S1PR1 with cDNA increased pSTAT3 Tyr705 and promoted cell proliferation under hypoxic conditions. Finally, treatment of HOCCs with the novel synthetic compound HO-3867 resulted in decreased expression of pSTAT3 Tyr705, as well as STAT3-regulated proteins VEGF, Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, and cyclin D1. The rapid downregulation of pSTAT3 Tyr705 was associated with accelerated ubiquitin-dependent degradation. An induction of apoptosis contributed to inhibition of cell proliferation as HO-3867-exposed cells exhibited elevated levels of cleaved caspases and PARP. Conclusions: The hypoxic microenvironment results in STAT3 activation as evidenced in our in vitro and in vivo models. S1PR1 is involved in STAT3 Tyr705 activation in hypoxic ovarian cancer via the JAK signaling pathway. The specific targeting of hypoxia-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 with HO-3867 is a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of hypoxia-mediated chemotherapeutic resistant ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3940. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3940