tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evoked potential abnormalities in children with chronic cholestasis
Authors: Harry A. Cynamon, Karyl Norcross, Nevin J. Isenberg
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

To assess the effect of chronic cholestasis and vitamin E deficiency on nervous system function, we did multimodality evoked potential testing of 17 children (mean age = 47 months) who had chronic liver disease. Evoked potential testing was repeated periodically in 11 patients 1 to 33 months after the initial study. Eight children had abnormal delays of the P100 peak of the visual evoked potential, and these children each had significantly higher total serum bile acid levels than did children who had normal visual evoked potentials (p = 0.002). Bilateral brainstem auditory evoked potential abnormalities consistent with conductive hearing losses were initially present in six patients. However, persistent conductive losses were found in four patients, all of whom had arteriohepatic dysplasia. Four children had mildly abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials that were due solely to a mild peripheral neuropathy. Biochemical measures of vitamin E status were not consistently associated with either normal or abnormal visual, brainstem auditory or somatosensory evoked potentials or a combination of evoked potential abnormalities, and an abnormality of one evoked potential type was not associated with an abnormality of any other. A similar lack of relationship between evoked potential results and plasma vitamin A measurement was noted. Following marked improvement in or resolution of cholestasis in four patients, the visual evoked potential became normal, but other evoked potentials did not change. Visual evoked potential improvement was greatest in two patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. This is the first report that demonstrates frequent, potentially reversible visual system abnormalities that are associated with cholestasis and cannot be attributed solely to vitamin E and/or A deficiency. Bilateral brainstem auditory evoked potential abnormalities consistent with conductive hearing losses were repeatedly present only in patients with arteriohepatic dysplasia and may represent another extrahepatic feature of this syndrome; we are not aware of any previous report of this association. Evoked potential studies provide a sensitive means with which to monitor neurological function and give objective, quantitative assessments necessary for comparing patients, and they may prove useful in understanding the pathophysiology of nervous system disorders associated with chronic cholestasis.
Congenital Aneurysm of the Right Sinus of Valsalva, Diagnosed by Aortography
Authors: WALTHER FALHOLT, GREGERS THOMSEN
Journal: Circulation (1953)

This paper contains a brief review of the cases, published earlier, of aneurysms of the sinuses of Valsalva, and a case is reported in which the diagnosis was made before rupture of the aneurysm by means of thoracic aortography. No reports are to be found in the literature of the diagnosis of unruptured aortic sinus aneurysms and of the associated clinical findings. Roentgenograms, aortograms and catheterization findings are included.
Shortcut to death
Authors: Jörn M. Schattenberg, Marcus Schuchmann
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

FAS (also called APO-1 and CD95) and its physiological ligand, FASL, regulate apoptosis of unwanted or dangerous cells, functioning as a guardian against autoimmunity and cancer development. Distinct cell types differ in the mechanisms by which the ‘death receptor’ FAS triggers their apoptosis. In type I cells, such as lymphocytes, activation of ‘effector caspases’ by FAS-induced activation of caspase-8 suffices for cell killing, whereas in type II cells, including hepatocytes and pancreatic β-cells, caspase cascade amplification through caspase-8-mediated activation of the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family member BID (BH3 interacting domain death agonist) is essential. Here we show that loss of XIAP (X-chromosome linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) function by gene targeting or treatment with a second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC, also called DIABLO; direct IAP-binding protein with low pI) mimetic drug in mice rendered hepatocytes and β-cells independent of BID for FAS-induced apoptosis. These results show that XIAP is the critical discriminator between type I and type II apoptosis signalling and suggest that IAP inhibitors should be used with caution in cancer patients with underlying liver conditions.
Increased Monoamine Oxidase Activity during the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy in the Rat
Authors: JACQUES DE CHAMPLAIN, LAWRENCE R. KRAKOFF, JULIUS AXELROD
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

In rats, the increase in heart mass during normal growth is accompanied by a marked increase in the concentration of monamine oxidase (MAO). Similarly, cardiac hypertrophy resulting from experimental hypertension (induced either by desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and sodium or by renal artery stenosis) is also associated with a pronounced increase in MAO concentration. Conversely, the delayed growth of the heart occurring during sodium restriction is accompanied by a lower MAO activity. These changes in MAO, independent of the cause, appear closely related to the mass of the heart. However, the reduction in norepinephrine storage observed in the heart and other tissues of rats made hypertensive with DOCA and sodium cannot be explained by the changes in the concentration of MAO. The MAO activity of other tissues of the hypertensive rats is similar to that in the tissues of normal rats, with the exception of the kidney in which the MAO concentration is reduced. The subcellular distribution of MAO is similar in hypertensive and control rats. In both groups, the MAO is mainly localized in the mitochondrial fraction of the liver. In contrast, in the heart, the major fraction of MAO activity is found in the microsomal fraction.
Autocrine IL-2-dependent growth of a newly established CD3+, CD16−, CD56+, CD57+, JH−, TCRβ−, TCRγ− leukemia cell line (NOI-90)
Authors: Y Sahraoui, M Perraki, M Theodoropoulou, M Allouche, A Tsapis, A Ammar, C Clemenceau, S Bokogiorgou, T Yacci, G Katrinakis, C Jasmin, V Georgoulias
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
878-3 Subgroup analysis of the impact of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab in patients undergoing elective stent placement &gt;2 hours after treatment with a 600 milligram loading dose of clopidogrel: Results from the ISAR REACT trial
Authors: Peter B Berger, Adnan Kastrati, Julinda Mehilli, Helmut Schuhlen, Josef Dirschinger, Franz Dotzer, Jurrien M ten Berg, Franz-Josef Neumann, Hildegard Bollwein, Christian Volmer, Meinrad Gawaz, Albert Schomig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Mortality among oral contraceptive users
Authors: K. Draper
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Ovarian failure after total body irradiation SIR,-Dr M P Cust and colleagues only touch on the possible long term effects of total body irradia- tion,' but these need to be addressed as increasing numbers of patients are successfully treated.We measured bone mineral content and density in the lumbar spine in 14 women who had premature ovarian failure after treatment for haematological malignancies.On average, 51 months had elapsed since treatment.We used a dual energy x ray absorption technique with a precision of 1%.2The patients' mean vertebral bone density was 0 97 (SD 0 15) g/cm2; that of a control group' of 68 women in the same age range (19 to 45, mean age of both groups 33 years) was 1 07 (0 09) g/cm2 (p=004, Student's t test).The patient with the lowest bone mineral density (0 71 g/cm') had already suffered an atraumatic fracture of a meta- tarsal bone.The loss of almost 10% of bone mineral in this short time implies that these patients are at risk of developing osteoporosis in the future.We support the recommendation of Dr Cust and colleagues that they should be referred to a gynaecologist or endocrinologist to consider hormone replacement therapy.
Prevalence of Kawasaki Disease in Young Adults With Suspected Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Lori B. Daniels, Matthew S. Tjajadi, Hannah H. Walford, Susan Jimenez-Fernandez, Vera Trofimenko, Daryl B. Fick, Hoang-Anh L. Phan, Peter E. Linz, Keshav Nayak, Andrew M. Kahn, Jane C. Burns, John B. Gordon
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Up to 25% of patients with untreated Kawasaki disease (KD) and 5% of those treated with intravenous immunoglobulin will develop coronary artery aneurysms. Persistent aneurysms may remain silent until later in life when myocardial ischemia can occur. We sought to determine the prevalence of coronary artery aneurysms suggesting a history of KD among young adults undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation of possible myocardial ischemia. Methods and Results— We reviewed the medical histories and coronary angiograms of all adults &lt;40 years of age who underwent coronary angiography for evaluation of suspected myocardial ischemia at 4 San Diego hospitals from 2005 to 2009 (n=261). History of KD-compatible illness and cardiac risk factors were obtained by medical record review. Angiograms were independently reviewed for the presence, size, and location of aneurysms and coronary artery disease by 2 cardiologists blinded to the history. Patients were evaluated for number of risk factors, angiographic appearance of their coronary arteries, and known history of KD. Of the 261 young adults who underwent angiography, 16 had coronary aneurysms. After all clinical criteria were assessed, 5.0% had aneurysms definitely (n=4) or presumed (n=9) secondary to KD as the cause of their coronary disease. Conclusions— Coronary sequelae of KD are present in 5% of young adults evaluated by angiography for myocardial ischemia. Cardiologists should be aware of this special subset of patients who may benefit from medical and invasive management strategies that differ from the strategies used to treat atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.
Inhibition by somatostatin (growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone, GH-RIH) of gastric acid and pepsin and G-cell release of gastrin.
Authors: A A Barros D'sa, S R Bloom, J H Baron
Journal: Gut (1978)

Somatostatin (cyclic growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone--GH-RIH) was infused into dogs with gastric fistulae. Somatostatin inhibited gastric acid response to four gastric stimulants--insulin, food, histamine, and pentagastrin. Histamine- and pentagastrin-stimulated pepsins were inhibited similarly to inhibition of acid. Somatostatin inhibited the gastrin response to insulin and food.
Myc Posttranscriptionally Induces HIF1 Protein and Target Gene Expression in Normal and Cancer Cells
Authors: Megan R. Doe, Janice M. Ascano, Mandeep Kaur, Michael D. Cole
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

c-Myc is frequently overexpressed in tumors and plays an important role in the regulation of cancer metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF1), the master regulator of the hypoxic response, enhances tumorigenesis and influences metabolism via upregulation of the glycolytic pathway and suppression of mitochondrial respiration. Together, deregulated Myc and HIF1 cooperate to lend metabolic advantages to proliferating cancer cells and contribute to the Warburg effect. Here we show that overexpression of Myc significantly stabilizes the α subunit of HIF1 (HIF1α) under normoxic conditions and enhances HIF1α accumulation under hypoxic conditions in cells. Posttranscriptional regulation of HIF1α by Myc led to the induction of HIF1α gene targets. Normoxic HIF1α protein expression was also dependent on Myc. Functionally, HIF1α expression was required for Myc-induced anchorage-independent growth and cell proliferation. Myc-dependent stabilization of HIF1α involved either disruption of binding to the VHL complex or posttranslational protein modifications. Taken together, our findings uncover a previously uncharacterized regulatory relationship between Myc and HIF1 that has important implications for cancer metabolism and development.
Serum Chromium Levels-Reply
Authors: Herbert Freund
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In Reply.—  We agree that measurement of serum chromium is probably the most difficult aspect of the entire case report. The confusing situation is not confined to chromium but seems to permeate most of the trace metal literature. Perhaps this is understandable because of the rather recent interest in this area and because the field has not as yet matured.
Mohs micrographic surgery in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans allows tumour clearance with smaller margins and greater preservation of healthy tissue compared with conventional surgery: a study of 74 primary cases
Authors: C. Serra-Guillén, B. Llombart, E. Nagore, C. Guillén, C. Requena, V. Traves, S. Kindem, R. Alcalá, N. Rivas, O. Sanmartín
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon skin tumour with aggressive local growth. Whether DFSP should be treated with conventional surgery (CS) or Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) has long been a topic of debate.To calculate, in a large series of DFSP treated by MMS, the minimum margin that would have been needed to achieve complete clearance by CS. Secondly, to calculate the percentage of healthy tissue that was preserved by MMS rather than CS with 2- and 3-cm margins.The minimum margin was calculated by measuring the largest distance from the visible edge of the tumour to the edge of the definitive surgical defect. Tumour and surgical defect areas for hypothetical CS with 2- and 3-cm margins were calculated using AutoCAD for Windows.A mean minimum margin of 1·34 cm was required to achieve complete clearance for the 74 tumours analysed. The mean percentages of skin spared using MMS rather than CS with 2- and 3-cm margins were 49·4% and 67·9%, respectively.MMS can achieve tumour clearance with smaller margins and greater preservation of healthy tissue than CS.
mAbXcite: a novel immunotherapy platform that initiates a robust anti-cancer immune response by recruiting and activating neutrophils
Authors: Ifat Rubin-Bejerano, Isabelle Sansal-Castellano, Mark Carlson, Gabriel Reznik, James Siedlecki, John Kane, Zuzana Dostalova, Hua Miao
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts The recent successes in the immunotherapy field demonstrate that a successful immune response to cancer can lead to meaningful anti-tumor responses. Antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules (e.g. CTLA4, and PD-1) lead to effective T cell responses especially in tumors that
Pediatric AIDS: The Challenge of HIV Infection in Infants, Children, and Adolescents
Authors: Peggy Weintrub
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Drs Pizzo and Wilfert have again provided the pediatric community with a remarkably up-to-date and comprehensive look at HIV infection in children. The authors are a superb group of recognized experts in this rapidly moving field, who have clearly made a heroic effort to keep us all informed! The second edition is an excellent reference and resource for any and all topics related to AIDS, ranging from pathogenesis to clinical manifestations to psychosocial, legal, and ethical issues. In addition to updating the information provided in the first edition, the text includes several new and enlightening chapters this time around. The epidemiology section has been expanded considerably to provide excellent overviews of infection in Europe and the developing world. The chapter on animal models of vertical transmission is also welcome. An extremely poignant, yet practical, new chapter discusses speaking with children and families about HIV infection. The individual chapters on specific
Nonparoxysmal A-V Nodal Tachycardia
Authors: ALFRED PICK, PEDRO DOMINGUEZ
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Acceleration of impulse formation in the ordinarily subsidiary A-V nodal pacemaker is manifested in clinical electrocardiograms in a paroxysmal and a nonparoxysmal variety. The former occurs as a rule in normal hearts, the latter in pathologic conditions, frequently, but not invariably also causing A-V block. The electrocardiographic and clinical aspects of nonparoxysmal nodal tachycarida were studied in 30 cases and the relative importance of the disturbance was evaluated in 3 conditions in which it is found most frequently, namely, digitalis effect, acute rheumatic fever, and recent posterior wall infarction.
Palmoplantar pustulosis is not inevitably associated with antigliadin antibodies
Authors: P. Weisenseel, A.V. Kuznetsov, T. Ruzicka, J.C. Prinz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is one of the most disabling and challenging types of psoriasis. The pathogenesis is still enigmatic.1 Earlier studies have implied an association of PPP with coeliac disease (CD) by the detection of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in up to 25% of Swedish patients with PPP.1 Selected AGA‐positive patients with PPP have been reported to benefit from a gluten‐free diet regarding their PPP activity. The PPP reportedly even cleared in some patients by following a gluten‐free diet.1 Furthermore, an association of CD and psoriasis vulgaris has been reported.2, 3 We wondered if the incidence of IgA AGA in German patients with PPP differed from the overall incidence of IgA AGA in the German population (3–4%)4 or from that in patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and whether the incidences differed from those found in earlier studies. Thirty‐two patients (23 women and nine men; mean age 53 years) with a history of PPP exceeding 1 year and a control group of 30 patients with chronic plaque‐type psoriasis (11 women and 19 men; mean age 46 years) were included in the study. No patient had a history of CD. Twenty‐seven patients with PPP (84%) were smokers. The diagnosis was made on the clinical picture and the patients’ history. Histological and/or mycological examinations were available in several patients.
Hemoglobin Olympia (β20 Valine → Methionine): An Electrophoretically Silent Variant Associated with High Oxygen Affinity and Erythrocytosis
Authors: George Stamatoyannopoulos, Peter E. Nute, John W. Adamson, A. J. Bellingham, Donald Funk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

In a family with erythrocytosis, electrophoretic and chromatographic studies failed to demonstrate a hemoglobin variant. However, the oxygen dissociation curves of affected individuals were shifted to the left of normal and this shift persisted when oxygen equilibria were studied in 2.3-diphosphoglycerate-stripped hemolysates. A mutant hemoglobin was evidently present in the red blood cells of the affected persons and was responsible for the increased oxygen affinity and erythrocytosis. Specific staining of tryptic peptide maps of beta-chains from the propositus showed that peptide betaT(3) was positive for a sulfur-containing amino acid. Amino acid analysis yielded a composition identical to that of normal betaT(3), except that there were 2.6 residues of valine and 0.4 residues of methionine (normal composition: Val = 3.0, Met = 0). This suggested that the beta-chains of affected individuals consisted of a mixture of two kinds of chains, 40% of which had a methionyl residue in betaT(3). Structural studies of isolated cyanogen bromide fragments demonstrated unequivocally that, in the abnormal beta-chains, valine in position 20 is replaced by methionine. The new hemoglobin mutant is designated hemoglobin Olympia (beta20 (B2) valine --> methionine).
Identifying Pneumocystis carinii in Pleural Effusions
Authors: Joel Ruskin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 December 1993Identifying Pneumocystis carinii in Pleural EffusionsJoel Ruskin, MD and Jim Nomura, MDJoel Ruskin, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Jim Nomura, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-12-199312150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their review of pleural effusions in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Joseph and colleagues [1] attribute 15% (nine cases) to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The organism was recovered in sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage, and the pneumonia and effusion resolved after specific therapy. Pleural fluid was obtained from only two of these patients and was not examined with special stains for the presence of P. carinii. We describe a case of P. carinii pneumonia that was diagnosed from a finding of organisms in routine stains of pleural fluid.A 45-year-old, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected, homosexual man ...References1. Joseph J, Strange C, Sahn SA. Pleural effusions in hospitalized patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:856-9. Google Scholar2. Ng VI, Gartner I, Weymouth LA, Goodman CD, Hopewell PC, Hadley WK. The use of mucolysed induced sputum for the identification of pulmonary pathogens associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1989; 113:488-93. Google Scholar3. Balachandran I, Jones DB, Humphrey DM. A case of Pneumocystis carinii in pleural fluid with cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural documentation. Acta Cytologica. 1990; 34:486-90. Google Scholar4. Mariuz P, Raviglione MC, Gould IA, Mullen MP. Pleural Pneumocystis carinii infection. Chest. 1991; 99:774-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1993Volume 119, Issue 12Page: 1222KeywordsAIDSBronchoalveolar lavagePleural effusionPneumocystisPneumocystis carinii pneumoniaPneumoniaProphylaxisSputumStainingThorax Issue Published: 15 December 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...