tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LINOLENIC ACID AND CORONARY THROMBOSIS
Authors: P. A. OWREN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Letters and Comments1 December 1965LINOLENIC ACID AND CORONARY THROMBOSISP. A. OWREN, M.D.P. A. OWREN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-6-1160 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: At The American College of Physicians' meeting in Chicago (1) in March this year I reported on experiments indicating that linolenic acid might reduce the tendency to secondary thrombosis in atherosclerotic disease by reducing the adhesion-aggregation tendency of the blood platelets. This suggestion was based on the following findings:1. Clinical coronary disease is associated with an abnormally increased adhesion-aggregation tendency of the blood platelets as measured by Hellem's method. This might mean an increased tendency to thrombosis.2. The intake of vegetable oils with high contents of linolenic acid (soy bean oil, linseed oil) and of...References1. OWREN PA: Coronary thrombosis: its mechanism and possible prevention by linolenic acid. Ann. Intern. Med. 63: 167, 1965. LinkGoogle Scholar2. NORDØY A: The influence of saturated fats, cholesterol, corn oil and linseed oil on experimental venous thrombosis in rats. Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 13: 244, 1965. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. NORDØY A: Ibid., p. 543. Google Scholar4. BORCHGREVINKBERGSKAGASKJAEGGESTADSTORMORKEN CFKJE#H Unpublished. Google Scholar5. By a research committee. Google Scholar6. KERRPIRRIEMACAULAYBRONTE-STEWART JWRIB: Platelet-aggregation by phospholipids and free fatty acids. Lancet 1: 1296, 1965. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Hospital (Rikshospitalet) Oslo, Norway PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByBiological Effects of Alpha-Linolenic AcidHeart AttackFlaxseed, Fiber, and Coronary Heart DiseaseDietary linolenic acid and carotid atherosclerosis: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart StudyThe protective effects of dietary fish oil on focal cerebral infarctionInhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis by eicosapentaenoic acidBiological activities of and requirements for polyunsaturated acids 1 December 1965Volume 63, Issue 6Page: 1160-1161KeywordsBloodOilsPlateletsStable coronary artery diseaseThrombosis Issue Published: 1 December 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Inner city care.
Authors: R Hull
Journal: BMJ (1987)

<h3>Introduction</h3> This quality improvement project, run by three Foundation year 1 (F1) doctors, occurred at Torbay Hospital, a district general hospital in Devon England. The aim was to make the process of F1 Acute Reviews of unwell patients during weekend safer and more efficient. <h3>Method</h3> Over a 3-week period, the number of acute reviews F1s received via text or a phone call on Saturday and Sunday was collated to ascertain the percentage of verbal acute review handover. We surveyed and spoke to nurses and members of the Hospital-at-day-team to determine their feelings on the subject. <h3>Results</h3> After analysing the preliminary data, we requested that the Hospital-at-day-team call F1 doctors with acute reviews, reverting to text only if unable to reach the F1. We trialled this intervention for 3 weeks and improved verbal handovers of acute reviews from 5.6% (1/18 verbal) to 71% (22/31 verbal). This ensured a closed acute review loop could be created in 71% of cases. We define a closed acute review loop as a system in which a named doctor is aware of an acutely unwell patient (figure 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Due to our intervention, a named F1 was made aware acutely unwell patient within a short, known period, and thus could arrive in a timelier fashion ultimately improving patient care efficiency and safety. During this trial, we found that incomplete verbal SBARs were given to F1s, and routine reviews were inappropriately sent out as acute reviews. The Out of hours taskforce at the hospital trialled a weekend of clinical staff giving advice to nurses and HCAs requesting acute reviews to facilitate the initiation of nursing level interventions at an earlier stage in the acute review process; they also gave the F1 doctor a verbal handover of acute reviews. We are working with the clinical site managers to triage reviews, ensure continuity of verbal handovers.
A PLEA IN FAVOR OF EARLY LAPAROTOMY FOR CATARRHAL AND ULCERATIVE APPENDICITIS, WITH THE REPORT OF TWO CASES.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1889)

sented.The operation was performed two months later in substantially the same manner as in the previous case.The large pouch of the labia was treated antiseptically with a bichloride solution, with the expectation that no suppuration would occur.
Early Growth Response-1 in Cardiovascular Pathobiology
Authors: Levon M. Khachigian
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

The immediate-early gene product and zinc finger transcription factor early growth response (Egr)-1 plays a key master regulatory role in multiple cardiovascular pathological processes. This article reviews the amassing recent evidence implicating Egr-1 in atherosclerosis, intimal thickening after acute vascular injury, ischemic pathology, angiogenesis, allograft rejection, and cardiac hypertrophy.
Time course of the active state in relation to muscle length and movement: a comparative study on skeletal muscle and myocardium
Authors: K. A. P. Edman, E. Nilsson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

Time course of the active state in relation to muscle length and movement: a comparative study on skeletal muscle and myocardium Get access K. A. P. Edman, K. A. P. Edman From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Liind, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. Nilsson E. Nilsson From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Liind, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 5, Issue supp1, July 1971, Pages 3–10, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/5.supp1.3 Published: 01 July 1971
How Can a Physician Prepare His Patient for Death?
Authors: Willard F. Goff
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Preparation of a patient for death varies with the age, sex, marital status, occupation, country of origin, and religious background.  Children.—  In Dr. Harvey Cushing's The Life of Sir William Osier we find a beautiful picture of the great physician at the bedside of a little girl whose mother wrote:1  He visited our little Janet twice every day from the middle of October until her death a month later, and these visits she looked forward to with a pathetic eagerness and joy. There would be a little tap, low down on the door which would be pushed open, and a crouching figure playing goblin would come in, and in a high pitched voice would ask if the fairy godmother was at home and could he have a bit of tea. Instantly the sick-room was turned into a fairyland, and in fairy language he would talk about the flowers, the.
Abstract SY37-02: Cell polarity proteins and cancer progression
Authors: Senthil K. Muthuswamy
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Partitioning defective protein 3 (Par3) is known to regulate asymmetric cell division, cell junction biogenesis and epithelial morphogenesis, but its role in cancer is unclear. We report that expression of Par3 is downregulated in both human breast cancers and in lung metastasis of ErbB2 transgenic mice. Downregulation of Par3 cooperated with ErbB2 to induce invasion and metastasis in vivo. Interestingly, the metastatic behavior was not associated with an overt mesenchymal phenotype. However, loss of Par3 activated a Tiam1/Rac/GTP/IRSp53/WAVE2/Arp2/3 pathway that disrupted cortical actin, blocked E-cadherin junction maturation and decreased epithelial cell-cell cohesion. Cortical actin and Arp2/3 localization were disrupted in tumor cells in vivo. Thus, we identify Par3 as a novel regulator of metastatic behavior in tumor epithelial cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY37-02. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-SY37-02
Advertise in the Journal.
Authors: S. A. McLean
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cryoblockade in limbic brain (amygdala) prevents or delays ventricular fibrillation after coronary artery occlusion in psychologically stressed pigs.
Authors: C Carpeggiani, C Landisman, M F Montaron, J E Skinner
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Neomammalian and paleomammalian (limbic) brain structures control different behaviors and the autonomic support specific to each. Both neural systems are involved in cardiovascular disorders. Our previous studies showed that bilateral cryoblockade of a neomammalian structure (the frontal lobes) reduces blood pressure elevations in experimental hypertension and prevents lethal arrhythmogenesis in experimental myocardial infarction. Other studies showed that bilateral lesions in a paleomammalian structure (amygdala) also reduce the blood pressure elevations. Thus, we hypothesized that cryoblockade of the amygdala would prevent lethal arrhythmogenesis. We found that cooling of cryoprobes implanted bilaterally in the amygdala prevented ventricular fibrillation in five of eight pigs during a 20-minute period of reversible myocardial ischemia, whereas cryoblockade in structures surrounding the amygdala (five pigs), unilateral cryoblockade in the amygdala (two pigs), or sham operations (three pigs) did not prevent ventricular fibrillation (p less than 0.003). In two of the five pigs with amygdaloid blockade, the cooling was reversed at 20 minutes while the coronary occlusion continued (24 hours), and still ventricular fibrillation did not occur. In all other cases, ischemia was reversed at 20 minutes so that the heart could recover; this enabled histochemical documentation that the heart was normal at the time(s) ischemia was induced, and it allowed within-subject control experiments. Amygdaloid cryoblockade produced a small but significant increase in heart rate (10 beats per minute) without a change in blood pressure. We conclude that the paleomammalian brain, like its neomammalian counterpart, mediates brain effects on fatal arrhythmogenesis.
Enhancing the Potential of Cardiac Progenitor Cells
Authors: Dominic P. Del Re, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

T here is no cure for ischemic heart disease; therefore, limiting damage and salvaging viable myocardium are the current gold standard for patient care.In recent years, much interest has surrounded the idea of cell-based myocardial regeneration as a therapeutic alternative to conventional treatment regimens.However, success in human trials using a variety of stem cells or progenitor-like cells has been limited. 1 This has left the field to ponder how this approach can be improved.It seems as though the ideal candidate cell type should effectively maintain the stem cell/progenitor population and efficiently differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes.Admittedly, this is no easy task.The reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells, 2 or even directly to cardiomyocyte-like cells, 3 is remarkable and is expected to have lasting effects on stem cell biology and medicine in general.Yet this reprogramming approach to organ regeneration remains limited in its current state at least partly because of the 1:1 ratio between starting material and finished product.
Can formulation and drug delivery reduce attrition during drug discovery and development—review of feasibility, benefits and challenges
Authors: S Basavaraj, Guru V. Betageri
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2014)

Drug discovery and development has become longer and costlier process. The fear of failure and stringent regulatory review process is driving pharmaceutical companies towards "me too" drugs and improved generics (505(b) (2)) fillings. The discontinuance of molecules at late stage clinical trials is common these years. The molecules are withdrawn at various stages of discovery and development process for reasons such as poor ADME properties, lack of efficacy and safety reasons. Hence this review focuses on possible applications of formulation and drug delivery to salvage molecules and improve the drugability. The formulation and drug delivery technologies are suitable for addressing various issues contributing to attrition are discussed in detail.
A novel mechanism for imatinib mesylate–induced cell death of BCR-ABL–positive human leukemic cells: caspase-independent, necrosis-like programmed cell death mediated by serine protease activity
Authors: Masayuki Okada, Souichi Adachi, Tsuyoshi Imai, Ken-ichiro Watanabe, Shin-ya Toyokuni, Masaki Ueno, Antonis S. Zervos, Guido Kroemer, Tatsutoshi Nakahata
Journal: Blood (2003)
Colon Polyps and Cancer
Authors: O Kronborg
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Screening for colorectal neoplasia still is the best method of reducing the mortality due to colorectal cancer, and it is to be hoped that fecal occult blood test programs will expand in the near future and be combined with appropriate endoscopy. There are substantial problems with compliance in large programs with occult blood tests as well as endoscopy. Colonography and DNA testing in feces are not yet suitable for population screening. Diagnostic strategies in symptomatic patients are becoming more selective, in the hope of avoiding many superfluous examinations without increasing the risk of missing cancers. New results have confirmed the preventive effect of long-term aspirin use on adenoma recurrence, but the most cost-effective dosage is not clear; the mechanism of action is also uncertain, but seems to involve cyclooxygenase-2. The risk of adenomas does not appear to be associated with low consumption of folate, but with low intake of fiber. A number of biomarkers have been evaluated in polyp patients, but so far surveillance is still based on endoscopic experience, which is less than optimal. Attempts have been made to restrict the number of surveillance endoscopies and reduce the pathologist's workload. The place of argon plasma coagulation has been clearly defined in connection with piecemeal removal of large sessile adenomas. Advances have been achieved in surgery and radiotherapy for rectal cancer, and acute surgery for colonic cancer with severe obstruction will be less common after the introduction of the metal stent.
Minimodule dialyser for quantitative ex vivo evaluation of membrane haemocompatibility in humans: comparison of acrylonitrile copolymer, cuprophan and polysulphone hollow fibres
Authors: J MULVIHILL, J CAZENAVE, J MAZZUCOTELLI, T CROST, C COLLIER, J RENAUX, C PUSINERI
Journal: Biomaterials (1992)
Association of Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity With Fasting and Ethanol Use
Authors: David C. Whitcomb
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To evaluate the association of fasting and alcohol use with hepatotoxicity from acetaminophen ingested for therapeutic reasons.Retrospective case series.Hospitals of the University of Pittsburgh (Pa) Medical Center.A total of 126,779 discharge summaries from January 1987 to July 1993 were reviewed using a comprehensive, whole-text-indexed medical database to identify all patients with acetaminophen ingestion and hepatotoxicity. These patients were categorized according to the intended acetaminophen use and dose of acetaminophen ingested.The independent variables of chronic alcohol use, recent alcohol use, and recent fasting were determined for all patients.Forty-nine patients with acetaminophen hepatotoxicity (aspartate aminotransferase > 1000 U/L) were identified. Twenty-one patients (43%) ingested acetaminophen for therapeutic purposes. All patients with hepatotoxicity took more than the recommended limit of 4 g/d. Recent fasting was more common than recent alcohol use among those who suffered hepatotoxicity after a dose of 4 to 10 g of acetaminophen per day (P = .02). Recent alcohol use was more common in the group who took more than 10 g/d than in those who took 4 to 10 g/d (P = .004).Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity after a dose of 4 to 10 g/d was associated with fasting and less commonly with alcohol use. Patients who developed hepatoxicity after taking acetaminophen doses of greater than 10 g/d for therapeutic purposes were alcohol users. Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity after an overdose appears to be enhanced by fasting in addition to alcohol ingestion.
Lack of prolactin receptor signaling in mice results in lactotroph proliferation and prolactinomas by dopamine-dependent and -independent mechanisms
Authors: Kathryn G. Schuff, Shane T. Hentges, Michele A. Kelly, Nadine Binart, Paul A. Kelly, P. Michael Iuvone, Sylvia L. Asa, Malcolm J. Low
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Hypothalamic dopamine inhibits pituitary prolactin secretion and proliferation of prolactin-producing lactotroph cells by activating lactotroph dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). Conversely, prolactin (PRL) stimulates hypothalamic dopamine neurons via PRL receptors (PRLRs) in a short-loop feedback circuit. We used Drd2–/– and Prlr–/– mutant mice to bypass this feedback and investigate possible dopamine-independent effects of PRL on lactotroph function. The absence of either receptor induced hyperprolactinemia and large prolactinomas in females. Small macroadenomas developed in aged Prlr–/– males, but only microscopic adenomas were found in Drd2–/– male mice. Pharmacologic studies in Prlr–/– mice with D2R agonists and antagonists demonstrated a significant loss of endogenous dopamine tone, i.e., constitutive inhibitory signaling by the D2R, in the pituitary. However, Prlr–/– mice exhibited more profound hyperprolactinemia and larger tumors than did age-matched Drd2–/– mice, and there were additive effects in compound homozygous mutant male mice. In vitro, PRL treatment markedly inhibited the proliferation of wild-type female and male Drd2–/– lactotrophs, but had no effect on female Drd2–/– lactotrophs, suggesting a downregulation or desensitization of PRLR in response to chronic hyperprolactinemia. We conclude that PRL inhibits lactotrophs by two distinct mechanisms: (a) indirectly by activation of hypothalamic dopamine neurons and (b) directly within the pituitary in a dopamine-independent fashion.
V 2+T Cell expansion in crohn's disease: impact of inflammation, disease activity and treatment
Authors: C. R. Hedin, N. E. McCarthy, S. Bhattacharjee, G. James, K. Whelan, J. O. Lindsay, A. J. Stagg
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Crohn9s disease (CD) is driven by inappropriate inflammatory responses to gut microbiota. Circulating, microbe-responsive Vγ9Vδ2<sup>+</sup>(δ2)T cells express ‘gut-homing’ integrin β7 and may contribute to intestinal inflammation. <h3>Hypothesis</h3> Increased intestinal permeability and microbe exposure in CD leads to activation and expansion of δ2T cells. <h3>Aim</h3> To compare δ2T cells in CD patients, unaffected siblings and healthy controls (HC). <h3>Methods</h3> Flow cytometry was used to gate T cell subsets in 36 CD patients, 13 siblings and 13 HC. δ2T cell activation and cytokine production in culture of HC and CD peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assayed upon stimulation with synthetic microbial phosphoantigen (HDMAPP) in vitro. <h3>Results</h3> When HC and CD PBMCs were activated by HDMAPP, δ2T cells proliferated, produced high levels of IFNγ and TNFα, and maintained high integrin β7 levels in vitro. In CD patients, the variation in numbers of circulating δ2T cells was significantly (p=0.02) greater than in HC (0.1–138.4 vs 6.2–37.8 cells per μl blood; 0.1–13.0% vs 0.5–2.9% of total T cells). Of the 19 CD patients not treated with thiopurines (TP), 9 had expanded δ2T cells (number or proportion above upper limit of HC) and of these, 8 (89%) had inactive disease (HBI &lt;5, p&lt;0.05). There was no difference in age, age at diagnosis, CRP, disease location, behaviour or duration between expanded and non-expanded non-TP treated patients. Strikingly, four of 13 siblings also had expanded δ2T cells (up to 6–10-fold higher than HC values). In long-term TP-treated CD (n=17), mean δ2T cell numbers were significantly lower than both HC (3.5 μl<sup>−1</sup> vs 19.7 μl<sup>−1</sup>, p&lt;0.001; 0.5% vs 1.3%, p&lt;0.01), and TP-naive patients (20.6 μl<sup>−1</sup> p=0.02; 2.61%, p=0.01) and this effect was selective for δ2 over αβT cells (mean absolute counts 17.4% vs 34.3% of the mean in HC, p=0.02). This effect was not evident in 12 patients with TP therapy of &lt;3 months. In vitro, therapeutic azathioprine (AZA) levels (5 μM) equally blocked proliferation of αβ and δ2T cells, although effects on δ2T cells were achieved at lower (AZA) than for αβT cells (0.005 μM vs 0.05 μM). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Circulating δ2T cells are disturbed in CD due both to expansion in some individuals as well as depletion in TP-treated patients. Selective depletion of δ2T cells was not observed during TP induction despite enhanced AZA-sensitivity of stimulated δ2T cells in vitro. We speculate that repeated microbial stimulation under the cover of immunosuppressants may be required to selectively deplete δ2T cells. δ2T cell expansion in patients and siblings may imply a role for δ2T cells in CD pathogenesis and could be a marker of CD risk.
A study of HLA antigen association in localized and generalized granuloma annulare
Authors: R. FRIEDMAN-BIRNBAUM, O. GIDEONI, R. BERGMAN, S. POLLACK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

HLA-A and -B antigen frequencies were studied in 78 patients, 35 with localized granuloma annulare and 43 with generalized granuloma annulare (GA). Twenty-eight patients in each group were also typed for HLA-DR antigens. A group of 200 healthy age-matched subjects served as controls. HLA-A31 and B35 were increased significantly in patients with generalized GA, but not in the localized form. HLA-DR antigen distribution showed no significant variation.