tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhalation Aromatherapy During Radiotherapy: Results of a Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Trial
Authors: P.H. Graham, L. Browne, H. Cox, J. Graham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To determine whether the inhalation of aromatherapy during radiotherapy reduces anxiety.Three hundred thirteen patients undergoing radiotherapy were randomly assigned to receive either carrier oil with fractionated oils, carrier oil only, or pure essential oils of lavender, bergamot, and cedarwood administered by inhalation concurrently with radiation treatment. Patients underwent assessment by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Somatic and Psychological Health Report (SPHERE) at baseline and at treatment completion.There were no significant differences in HADS depression or SPHERE scores between the randomly assigned groups. However, HADS anxiety scores were significantly lower at treatment completion in the carrier oil only group compared with either of the fragrant arms (P =.04).Aromatherapy, as administered in this study, is not beneficial.
Coordination needed between primary and secondary care for chronic diseases
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Systems that improve coordination between primary and secondary care are essential to improve the management of chronic diseases, a report published in the United Kingdom last week said.

The report was compiled jointly by the Royal College of Physicians, the Royal College of General Practitioners, and the NHS Alliance to assess how to optimise provision of care for long term conditions such as asthma, arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, dementia, and heart failure, which are all increasing with the ageing population.

The working party considered that optimal care would require new models of service provision, championed by clinicians and working in partnership with patients. It suggested that joint …
Management of Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Tihomir Stefanec
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters16 September 2003Management of Acute Renal FailureTihomir Stefanec, MDTihomir Stefanec, MDFrom Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island Pawtucket, RI 02860.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-6-200309160-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their review on ATN, Drs. Esson and Schrier use the term pseudo ARDS to describe a scenario in which overzealous fluid administration in septic patients with leaky pulmonary vasculature precipitates noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, leads to mechanical ventilation and its associated complications, and causes patients to be classified as having multiorgan failure (1). This is a very idiosyncratic view of events leading to multiorgan failure in sepsis. The Editor and interested readers should check any recent textbook on critical care medicine published in the past 10 years to inform themselves about the correct sequence of events.The ...References1. Esson ML, Schrier RW. Diagnosis and treatment of acute tubular necrosis. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137:744-52. [PMID: 12416948] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Schrier RW, Abraham E. Aggressive volume expansion and pseudo-ARDS [Editorial]. Hosp Pract (Off Ed). 1995;30:19, 23. [PMID: 7782392] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Gattinoni L, Brazzi L, Pelosi P, Latini R, Tognoni G, Pesenti A, . A trial of goal-oriented hemodynamic therapy in critically ill patients. SvO2 Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1025-32. [PMID: 7675044] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Heyland DK, Cook DJ, King D, Kernerman P, Brun-Buisson C. Maximizing oxygen delivery in critically ill patients: a methodologic appraisal of the evidence. Crit Care Med. 1996;24:517-24. [PMID: 8625644] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, . Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1368-77. [PMID: 11794169] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island Pawtucket, RI 02860. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDiagnosis and Treatment of Acute Tubular Necrosis Matthew L. Esson and Robert W. Schrier Management of Acute Renal Failure Thomas E. Finucane Management of Acute Renal Failure Robert W. Schrier and Matthew L. Esson Management of Acute Renal Failure William L. Jackson Jr. Metrics Cited ByAcute Renal Failure and Sepsis 16 September 2003Volume 139, Issue 6Page: 530KeywordsAcute renal failureAcute respiratory distress syndromeCritical careEdemaHemodynamicsSepsisVentilators ePublished: 16 September 2003 Issue Published: 16 September 2003 CopyrightCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
1051 THE MAGNITUDE OF THE RESPONSE OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA TO SORAFENIB IS AFFECTED BY THE EXPRESSION OF INACTIVATING VARIANTS IN THE SLC22A1 GENE
Authors: E. Herráez, O. Briz, E. Lozano, R.I.R. Macias, V.S. Robledo, J. Hernandez-Iglesias, A. González-Hernandez, L. Bujanda, J. Banales, J.J.G. Marin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Nontargeted Y-90 Microsphere Radioembolization to Duodenum Visualized on Y-90 PET/CT and Bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT
Authors: Amit Gupta, Amanjit Gill, Sankaran Shrikanthan, Shyam Srinivas
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Yttrium-90 (Y-90) radioembolization has emerged as a new method for treatment of unresectable hepatic tumors. We present interesting imaging findings of extrahepatic Y-90 activity in the duodenum on Y-90 PET/CT and Bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT, after injection of radiomicrospheres into the right hepatic artery. This is the first reported case of nontargeted embolization of Y-90 microspheres to duodenum visualized post-therapy on both Y-90 PET/CT and Bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT.
Ultrasound breast scanning: (only) a complement to mammography?
Authors: Barbara Bolsen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Five years ago, a nationwide breast cancer screening project using mammography was interrupted by a radiation scare. A handful of committees reviewed the project—an American Cancer Society (ACS) and National Cancer Institute-sponsored effort to pick up early, undetected cancers in women aged 35 to 74 years—and recommended against routine mammography for asymptomatic women younger than 50 years. The benefits of screening younger women do not outweigh the risks of causing a few additional breast cancers, the experts said. Since then, improvements in technology have cut the radiation dose in half—to less than 1 rad for a two-view study of the breast. Nevertheless, a lingering concern about radiation risk among some physicians and patients appears to be partially responsible for a boom in sales of breast ultrasound scanners after just a few years on the market. Although fewer than 100 are in place in the United States, the number is expected
PharmGKB Submission Update: VII. PAT Submissions of Genetic Variation in <i>KCND3</i> to the PharmGKB Network
Authors: Chantale Simard, Benoit Drolet, Dan Roden
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2006)

Category: genotype Project: Pharmacogenetics of Arrhythmia Therapy [Table 1][1] provides the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) symbol, PharmGKB submission URLs, submission dates, and release dates. [Table 2][2] provides the HGNC symbol, HGNC names, synonyms, GenBank accession number, and
Mechanistic basis of pre–T cell receptor–mediated autonomous signaling critical for thymocyte development
Authors: Sho Yamasaki, Eri Ishikawa, Machie Sakuma, Koji Ogata, Kumiko Sakata-Sogawa, Michio Hiroshima, David L Wiest, Makio Tokunaga, Takashi Saito
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Tumor Suppressor CYLD Regulates Acute Lung Injury in Lethal Streptococcus pneumoniae Infections
Authors: Jae Hyang Lim, Brigid Stirling, Jonathan Derry, Tomoaki Koga, Hirofumi Jono, Chang-Hoon Woo, Haodong Xu, Patricia Bourne, Un-Hwan Ha, Hajime Ishinaga, Haidong Xu, Ali Andalibi, Xin-Hua Feng, Hongguang Zhu, Yuxian Huang, Wenhong Zhang, Xinhua Weng, Chen Yan, Zhinan Yin, David E. Briles, Roger J. Davis, Richard A. Flavell, Jian-Dong Li
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Stress in Medical Residency: Status Quo after a Decade of Reform?
Authors: Virginia U. Collier, Jack D. McCue, Allan Markus, Lawrence Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Although curricular reforms have attempted to address sources of stress in medical residency, no recent studies have examined the financial or emotional situations of current medicine residents.To question medicine residents about financial status, educational debt, moonlighting, and psychological issues.Survey distributed in a nonrandomized fashion to medicine residents.All 415 U.S. medicine residency programs.According to the questionnaire responses submitted by the 4128 (18%) participating residents, a substantial number of residents had financial and emotional distress that could have interfered with training. The reported educational debt was at least $50 000 for 1657 (42%) of the respondents and at least $100 000 for 737 (19%). The monthly disposable income was $100 or less for 1620 (43%) of the residents, and 637 residents (16%) could not afford safe housing. Among respondents in their 2nd through 5th year of postgraduate training, 2187 (52%) had insufficient funds to purchase books and equipment, and 678 (29%) could not afford the required fees for the American Board of Internal Medicine certifying examination; 2659 (33%) worked as moonlighters, and this percentage increased progressively with increasing educational debt. Four or five depressive symptoms during residency were reported by 1461 (35%) residents. Eight hundred ninety-nine residents (23%) thought they had become less humanistic over the course of their residency training; 2347 (61%) reported becoming more cynical. Female residents were more likely than male residents to report increased cynicism and multiple depressive symptoms. Increased cynicism and depressive symptoms were associated with increasing educational debt.Despite recent curricular reforms, an alarming number of current medicine residents report depressive symptoms, increasing cynicism, and decreasing humanism, which were associated with increasing educational debt and a need to moonlight for financial survival. Ongoing curricular reform, legislative relief from early loan repayment, and salary increases may be necessary to address these problems.
PARASITIC INFECTIONS OF THE BOWELS.
Authors: ROSS ANDERSON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The following is a report of a few cases of parasitic infection of the bowel supposedly uncommon to this section (Utah) of the country. I shall make no attempt to go into the clinical history of all of these cases but merely select a typical case from each of the three forms of infection I am reporting. Since April, 1906, I have seen one case of ankylostomiasis, three of trichomoniasis, eleven of amebiasis and one double infection with<i>Trichomonas intestinalis and Amœba coli dysenterica.</i> <h3>ANKYLOSTOMIASIS</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> —Patient.—Male, single, white aged 24, occupation farmer. Born in Idaho. <h3>History.</h3> —Family history was negative. In 1904 patient went to the southern states as a missionary and in November of that year began to feel weak and indisposed and gradually grew worse. His appetite was poor, bowels were regular, had slight nausea at times, but did not vomit; had no chills up to
MEDICATION NONADHERENCE AMONG PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE TRANSLATE-ACS STUDY
Authors: Robin Mathews, Eric Peterson, Emily Honeycutt, Chee Tang Chin, Kelley Ryan, Mark Effron, Marjorie Zettler, Maurice Rozek, Timothy Henry, Tracy Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Demographic, Belief, and Situational Factors Influencing the Decision to Utilize Emergency Medical Services Among Chest Pain Patients
Authors: Adam L. Brown, N. Clay Mann, Mohamud Daya, Robert Goldberg, Hendrika Meischke, Judy Taylor, Kevin Smith, Stavroula Osganian, Lawton Cooper
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Empirical evidence suggests that people value emergency medical services (EMS) but that they may not use the service when experiencing chest pain. This study evaluates this phenomenon and the factors associated with the failure to use EMS during a potential cardiac event. Methods and Results —Baseline data were gathered from a randomized, controlled community trial (REACT) that was conducted in 20 US communities. A random-digit-dial survey documented bystander intentions to use EMS for cardiac symptoms in each community. An emergency department surveillance system documented the mode of transport among chest pain patients in each community and collected ancillary data, including situational factors surrounding the chest pain event. Logistic regression identified factors associated with failure to use EMS. A total of 962 community members responded to the phone survey, and data were collected on 875 chest pain emergency department arrivals. The mean proportion of community members intending to use EMS during a witnessed cardiac event was 89%; the mean proportion of patients observed using the service was 23%, with significant geographic differences (range, 10% to 48% use). After controlling for covariates, non-EMS users were more likely to try antacids/aspirin and call a doctor and were less likely to subscribe to (or participate in) an EMS prepayment plan. Conclusions —The results of this study indicate that indecision, self-treatment, physician contact, and financial concerns may undermine a chest pain patient’s intention to use EMS.
Privatisation of cancer and end of life care services in Staffordshire could threaten NHS providers, warn critics
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Campaigners have expressed concern at the radical overhaul of cancer and end of life care services in Staffordshire that critics have dubbed “the biggest NHS privatisation yet.”

The row came after the prospective Labour parliamentary candidate for Stafford, Kate Godfrey, scrutinised a memorandum of information document for prospective bidders seeking to run cancer and end of life care services in the region.1 The deal is jointly worth £1.2bn (€1.7bn; $1.8bn)—£700m for cancer care and £500m for end of life care.

The document, dated June 2014, fleshed out plans announced last year to redesign local cancer and end of life care services by awarding single 10 year contracts to “prime providers” to oversee entire care pathways.2 The prospective bidders included five private firms (United Health UK, Virgin Care, CSC Computer Sciences, Health Management, and Interserve Investments) and two NHS trusts (the Royal …
The Effect of Intravenous Protoveratrine on Digital Pulse Volume and Digital Skin Temperature in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: J. H. CURRENS, J. F. MCGINTY, R. B. KHAMBATTA, IDA GORDON
Journal: Circulation (1955)

The change in digital pulse volume and skin temperature was observed after intravenous protoveratrine in 25 studies. A significant increase in the average pulse volume of the finger was noted but the range of change was large. The average change of pulse volume in the toe was not significant. A slight increase in the finger skin temperature was noted. "Vasodilatation" of the hand and feet was not the only factor resulting in a fall in blood pressure since it did not occur in all patients.
Magnifying Endoscopy in Gastritis of the Corpus
Authors: K. Yagi, H. Honda, J. M. Yang, S. Nakagawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Endoscopic diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, before biopsies and serological tests are performed, is possible through careful analysis of the network of superficial vessels in patients with gastritis. At standard endoscopy, a regular arrangement of the collecting venules (RAC) is visible as numerous minute red points in the corpus of the noninfected stomach, and is not visible in H. pylori gastritis. Magnifying endoscopy provides more precise information concerning the collecting venules, the network of capillaries surrounding the gastric pits, the swelling of the surface epithelium between pits, and the enlargement and destruction of the pits. The magnified appearance is classified as Z-0 (noninfected stomach) or as Z-1 to Z-3 for successive degrees of mucosal damage in the infected stomach. Histological controls confirm the reliability of the endoscopic classification. Magnifying endoscopy also proves helpful in the assessment of completeness of eradication of H. pylori.
Glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase activity in cultured human skeletal muscle cells: relationship to glucose disposal rate in control and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects and regulation by glucose and insulin.
Authors: M C Daniels, T P Ciaraldi, S Nikoulina, R R Henry, D A McClain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We examined the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme for hexosamine biosynthesis, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFA) in human skeletal muscle cultures (HSMC), from 17 nondiabetic control and 13 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. GFA activity was assayed from HSMC treated with low (5 mM) or high (20 mM) glucose and low (22 pM) or high (30 microM) concentrations of insulin. In control subjects GFA activity decreased with increasing glucose disposal rate (r = -0.68, P < 0.025). In contrast, a positive correlation existed between GFA and glucose disposal in the diabetics (r = 0.86, P < 0.005). Increased GFA activity was also correlated with body mass index in controls but not diabetics. GFA activity was significantly stimulated by high glucose (22%), high insulin (43%), and their combination (61%). GFA activity and its regulation by glucose and insulin were not significantly different in diabetic HSMC. We conclude that glucose and insulin regulate GFA activity in skeletal muscle. More importantly, our results are consistent with a regulatory role for the hexosamine pathway in human glucose homeostasis. This relationship between hexosamine biosynthesis and the regulation of glucose metabolism is altered in non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
Abstract 834: NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) stabilization of C/EBPα against 20S proteasomal degradation leads to protection against radiation-induced myeloproliferative diseases.
Authors: Junkang Xu, Anil Jaiswal
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) is a flavoprotein that protects cells against radiation and chemical induced oxidative stress. Disruption of NQO2 gene in mice leads to γ-radiation-induced myeloproliferative diseases. In this report, we found that NQO2 in presence of its cofactor NRH protected C/EBPα against 20S degradation. Coimmunoprecipitation studies showed that 20S proteasome and NQO2 both interact with myeloid differentiation factor C/EBPα. 20S proteasome interaction with C/EBPα led to the degradation of C/EBPα. Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that NQO2 and 20S competed for the same binding region of S(268)GAGAGKAKKSV(279) in C/EBPα. Exposure of mice and HL-60 cells to γ-radiation enhanced the levels of NQO2, which led to increased NQO2 interaction with C/EBPα and decreased 20S interaction with C/EBPα. This resulted in the stabilization of C/EBPα and protection against γ-radiation-induced myeloproliferative diseases. NQO2-/- mice deficient in NQO2 failed to stabilize C/EBPα. This contributed to the development of γ-radiation-induced myeoproliferative disease in NQO2-/- mice. Citation Format: Junkang Xu, Anil Jaiswal. NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) stabilization of C/EBPα against 20S proteasomal degradation leads to protection against radiation-induced myeloproliferative diseases. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 834. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-834
Achieving the HIV Prevention Impact of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Lessons and Challenges for Managing Programs
Authors: Sema K. Sgaier, Jason B. Reed, Anne Thomas, Emmanuel Njeuhmeli
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

In this Collection Review, Sema Sgaier and colleagues highlight the key points from the PLOS Volunteer Medical Male Circumcision Collection and give some recommendations on the way forward. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
88 EFFECT OF CANNABINOID CB1-RECEPTOR ANTAGONISM ON ASCITIC DECOMPENSATION OF RATS WITH PREASCITIC CIRRHOSIS
Authors: M. Domenicali, P. Caraceni, A.M. Pertosa, F. Giannone, A. Principe, A. Zambruni, F. Trevisani, M. Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Folic acid supplementation before pregnancy remains inadequate
Authors: W J Huttly, N J Wald, J C Walters
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Women who take folic acid when trying to conceive have been shown to have a lower risk of a pregnancy affected by neural tube defects.1 The UK Department of Health has recommended that folic acid is taken by all women planning a pregnancy.2

The request card used in antenatal screening for Down's syndrome and open neural tube defects provides a simple and useful opportunity to determine the proportion of women who …
Intestinal Infarction Secondary to Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Andrew B. Crummy, William B. Whittaker, John F. Morrissey, F. Price Cossman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

RETROPERITONEAL fibrosis is an obscure illness that in some cases has been associated with the use of methysergide (Sansert).1 Although arterial involvement is unusual, obstruction of the abdominal aorta, celiac axis and renal and iliac arteries has been observed.2 Case ReportA 51-year-old housewife had severe epigastric pain occurring 10 to 90 minutes after meals and lasting for 1 to 3 hours. Over 2 months she decreased her food intake and lost 13.6 kg in weight. Seven years previously methysergide, 2 mg daily, had been prescribed because of migraine headaches. The drug was continued for 4 years.Physical examination was . . .