tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Side of origin of ovarian cancer.
Authors: F. Parazzini, L. Luchini, P. Vercellini, G. Bolis, M. Dindelli
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Volunteers (or families) might, however, have a role in maintaining benefit, and indeed the aim of all rehabilitation should be to involve families in longer term support.To this extent we failed, and further studies are needed to confirm our results and investigate ways of maintaining mobility.
INHIBITION OF THEILER'S ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS (GDVII STRAIN) OF MICE BY AN INTESTINAL MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDE
Authors: Benjamin Mandel, Efraim Racker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

A mucopolysaccharide has been obtained from intestinal tissue of adult mice which inhibits both infectivity and hemagglutination of Theiler's GDVII strain of encephalomyelitis virus of mice. The inhibitor is inactive against the FA and TO strains of Theiler's virus and against the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus. In the adult mouse, large amounts of the inhibitor are found only in the small intestine. The small intestine of infant mice, however, contains a considerably smaller amount of inhibitor. Inhibition, both in vivo and in vitro, appears to be the result of an interaction between virus and inhibitor. The intestines of man, monkey, rabbit, rat, cotton rat, hamster, sheep, cow, and pig contain relatively little inhibitor whereas guinea pig intestine contains as much as adult mouse intestine. An enzyme was found in the feces of mice, and several other animals, which is capable of destroying the inhibitory activity of the mucopolysaccharide with the liberation of reducing sugars.
Scientific basis for the study of demineralization of highly mineralized water for use in public water supply systems.
Authors: G I Sidorenko, Y A Rakhmanin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

New criteria (full physiological value and preservation of the properties of drinking water) are scientifically substantiated. Also discussed are indices (minimal admissible and optimal levels of basic water mineralization and calcium content, standards of microelements such as boron and bromine content, content of individual groups of microorganisms, water temperature) for evaluating the quality of demineralized water obtained from brackish and briny water (including water from the sea and ocean) by various methods which are designed for public water supply systems. Research results served as the scientific hygiene basis for the development of a new technology of obtaining drinking water. The necessity for developing a special quality standard for demineralized drinking water is shown.
Fatal Pedestrian Automotive Accidents
Authors: James R. McCarroll
Journal: JAMA (1962)

An intensive multidiscipline investigation of 200 fatal pedestrian accidents indicated that the pedestrian, in most cases, bore much of the responsibility for the accident in which he was killed. Alcohol was found in a minimum of 43% of the accident victims, and more than 80% had been violating some pedestrian traffic regulation. Since most injuries were produced by blunt trauma, it was rarely possible to identify the specific feature of the automobile design which caused the injury. Although multiple injuries were common, many serious lesions were not recognized before death and were discovered only at autopsy. Common correlations of these occult injuries with more easily recognized lesions are presented, and the importance of certain diagnostic signs is stressed.
THE QUALITY OF NITROUS OXID MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: G. W. HOOVER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The extensive use of nitrous oxid as an anesthetic in dental surgery and, more recently, in general surgery, and the possibilities of its containing dangerous impurities, owing to careless manufacture or lack of control, warranted a thorough investigation by the Bureau of Chemistry of the quality of this gas available on American markets.  It has been supposed that the odor of the gas is a good criterion of its purity, and experienced anesthetists have depended on the odor as a guide to its purity. The safety of such a procedure, however, is doubtful.  The seriousness of the presence of even small quantities of impurities in nitrous oxid, 1 particularly the higher oxids of nitrogen, is hardly appreciated by the average user, and the detection of these small but dangerous amounts by odor is unlikely.  Lehmann and Hasegawa, 2 in a study on the toxicity of several oxids of nitrogen, have
A piece of my mind. Mysterium tremendum et fascinans
Authors: M. D. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1990)

"When in doubt, just bring your hands back to here," he said, drawing his arms, crooked at the elbow, back to his chest, as he explained the sterile field. "Right back to the solar plexus." It seemed the natural position to me — hands in front of my chest, folded, as if in prayer. It was a prayer of sorts; a humbledness... reverence... awe. After many years, I now truly understood Rudolf Otto's idea of the holy: a<i>mysterium tremendum et fascinans</i>. Priest or physician, physician or priest: the two vocational choices I had always juggled. Never before had I appreciated the extent to which they share homology. Of course, there is the focus on the helping, even healing, relationship; each also has its rites and rituals. The priest examining his conscience before the sacrifice of the Mass; the physician reflecting on life before the harvesting of a donor heart.
Laboratory Control of Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: John B. Miale
Journal: JAMA (1962)

PART of the fascination of medicine lies in the ever-increasing scientific knowledge on which its practice is based. There are times, however, when it is not clear whether the most recent enthusiasm has a practical application of benefit to the patient. The decision is particularly difficult when the application of theory to practice is based on superficially attractive, even elegant, extrapolation. The choice of method in the laboratory control of anticoagulant therapy is a case in point. It might be left for time to resolve the claims and counterclaims were it not that basic issues are involved which could jeopardize the proper use of anticoagulant therapy.  The physician responsible for a patient with thromboembolic disease should be aware of a number of interrelated aspects of anticoagulant therapy, particularly selection of the patient to be treated, the complications of therapy, and the method of laboratory control. This discussion will apply to
Regulator of G-Protein Signaling Subtype 4 Mediates Antihypertrophic Effect of Locally Secreted Natriuretic Peptides in the Heart
Authors: Takeshi Tokudome, Ichiro Kishimoto, Takeshi Horio, Yuji Arai, Daryl O. Schwenke, Jun Hino, Ichiro Okano, Yuhei Kawano, Masakazu Kohno, Mikiya Miyazato, Kazuwa Nakao, Kenji Kangawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Mice lacking guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A), a natriuretic peptide receptor, have pressure-independent cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanism underlying GC-A-mediated inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy remains to be elucidated. In the present report, we examined the role of regulator of G-protein signaling subtype 4 (RGS4), a GTPase activating protein for G(q) and G(i), in the antihypertrophic effects of GC-A.In cultured cardiac myocytes, treatment of atrial natriuretic peptide stimulated the binding of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (PKG) I-alpha to RGS4, PKG-dependent phosphorylation of RGS4, and association of RGS4 and Galpha(q). In contrast, blockade of GC-A by an antagonist, HS-142-1, attenuated the phosphorylation of RGS4 and association of RGS4 and Galpha(q). Moreover, overexpressing a dominant negative form of RGS4 diminished the inhibitory effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on endothelin-1-stimulated inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate production, [(3)H]leucine incorporation, and atrial natriuretic peptide gene expression. Furthermore, expression and phosphorylation of RGS4 were significantly reduced in the hearts of GC-A knockout (GC-A-KO) mice compared with wild-type mice. For further investigation, we constructed cardiomyocyte-specific RGS4 transgenic mice and crossbred them with GC-A-KO mice. The cardiac RGS4 overexpression in GC-A-KO mice significantly reduced the ratio of heart to body weight (P<0.001), cardiomyocyte size (P<0.01), and ventricular calcineurin activity (P<0.05) to 80%, 76%, and 67% of nontransgenic GC-A-KO mice, respectively. It also significantly suppressed the augmented cardiac expression of hypertrophy-related genes in GC-A-KO mice.These results provide evidence that GC-A activates cardiac RGS4, which attenuates Galpha(q) and its downstream hypertrophic signaling, and that RGS4 plays important roles in GC-A-mediated inhibition of cardiac hypertrophy.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE OXIDATION-REDUCTION PROPERTIES OF STERILE BACTERIOLOGICAL MEDIA
Authors: René Dubos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

Sterile plain broth contains an active oxidation-reduction system, the characteristics of which have been analyzed. 1. Intensity factor: Under vaseline seal, the lot of broth used in these experiments reaches a reduction potential corresponding to reduced indigo disulfonate (rH = 10). All the indicators with a more positive E(0)' are reduced, the others are not affected. It seems probable that fresh broth, which has not undergone oxidation by molecular oxygen, would give a higher reduction potential. 2. Capacity factor: The maximum amounts of different indicators that can be reduced correspond to equimolecular concentrations. This seems to indicate either (a) that the broth does not contain several "independent" reducing systems (at least in appreciable amounts), or (b) that these hypothetical "independent" systems all have about the same reduction potential. 3. Time factor: The different indicators of oxidation-reduction potentials are reduced in the order of the electromotive series. 4. Nature of the system: The system seems to be reversible (this not excluding the possibility of irreversible autoxidations) and does not appear to be of the nature of a sugar. The relation of these phenomena to the cultivation of different species of bacteria will be reported later.
The Organizational Structure of the NIH
Authors: Michael A. Stoto, James D. Ebert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has earned a reputation for excellence in the support and conduct of research to improve the health of the American people. It has maintained its leadership position in the international scientific community in the face of great changes in its political and social environment.Paradoxically, pressures for changes in the mission and organizational structure of the NIH continue to arise. In the past five years there have been proposals to establish at least 11 new institutes at NIH and to transfer four existing agencies into it. Last October Congress passed but President Reagan vetoed . . .
The Community Hospital as a Major Focus for Continuing Medical Education
Authors: John Gordon Freymann
Journal: JAMA (1968)

I was introduced to the "boondocks phenomenon" by a cardiac surgeon from a large community hospital located in a city some distance from Boston. He comes to Boston one day a week to teach medical students. "Of course," he said, "they think I am coming down from the boondocks." Continuing, he said: You know we have a major educational program at our hospital, and I sometimes go back in the boondocks to talk to the staffs of small rural hospitals. And what do they ask me? "What are we going to do about the men back in the boondocks?" My point is that the boondocks exist only in the eye of the viewer. The boondocks are where the other fellows work. Where I work is "the field." There are really no sharp breaks in the continuity of one enormous health care system that extends to the nethermost physician taking care
<i>Clown With Folded Arms</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In Vitro and in Vivo Effects of IL-10-Treated Dendritic Cells on Airway Allergic Inflammation
Authors: T. Koya, K. Takeda, S. Matsubara, N. Miyahara, S. Miyahara, C. Swasey, A. Barhorn, A. Joetham, A. Dakhama, E.W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Comparative Features of Pneumococcal, Mycoplasmal, and Legionnaires' Disease Pneumonias
Authors: CHARLES M. HELMS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Retrospectively, we clinically compared community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease, pneumococcal, and mycoplasmal pneumonias. Relative to pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias, patients with Legionnaires' disease were significantly more likely to present with unexplained encephalopathy, hematuria, and elevation of serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase than were those with pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias. We found upper respiratory symptoms infrequently in patients with Legionnaires' disease, and progression of pulmonary infiltrates occurred commonly. Differentiation of Legionnaires' disease pneumonia without encephalopathy from pneumococcal and mycoplasmal pneumonias may be difficult because of demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic similarities.
Decreased Plasma Lipoprotein Lipase in Hypoadiponectinemia
Authors: Maximilian von Eynatten, Jochen G. Schneider, Per M. Humpert, Gottfried Rudofsky, Nikolaus Schmidt, Patrizia Barosch, Andreas Hamann, Michael Morcos, Joerg Kreuzer, Angelika Bierhaus, Peter P. Nawroth, Klaus A. Dugi
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—Adiponectin is a plasma protein expressed in adipose tissue. Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with low HDL cholesterol and high plasma triglycerides, which also characterize lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency syndromes. Recently, dramatically increased LPL activity was reported in mice overexpressing adiponectin. We therefore speculated that adiponectin may directly affect LPL in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We measured plasma adiponectin and postheparin LPL in 206 nondiabetic men and in a second group of 110 patients with type 2 diabetes. Parameters were correlated with markers of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]) and insulin resistance (homeostatis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]). RESULTS—Nondiabetic subjects with decreased plasma adiponectin had lower LPL activity (r = 0.42, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). This association of plasma adiponectin with LPL activity was confirmed in the second group of patients with type 2 diabetes (r = 0.37, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that adiponectin was the strongest factor influencing LPL activity, accounting for 23% of the variation in LPL activity in nondiabetic subjects and for 26% of the variation in LPL activity in type 2 diabetic patients. These associations were independent of plasma CRP and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS—These results demonstrate an association of decreased postheparin LPL activity with low plasma adiponectin that is independent of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. Therefore, LPL may represent a link between low adiponectin levels and dyslipidemia in both nondiabetic individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes.
EVALUATION OF RESIDUAL PLATELET REACTIVITY AFTER ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS, THE EVRE2ST-HIV STUDY
Authors: Marie Hauguel Moreau, Franck Boccara, Johanne Silvain, Delphine Brugier, Angelique Curjol, Sophie Galier, Ariel Cohen, Gilles Montalescot, Jean-Philippe Collet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A CASE OF SARCOMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS, EXCISION OF THE UPPER JAW, WITH REMARKS.
Authors: JOSEPH S. GIBB
Journal: JAMA (1903)

In the preparation of a paper on malignant diseases of the nose and accessory sinuses read at the last annual meeting of the New York State Medical Association, occasion was given to search the literature of the subject. Among the many points of interest I was impressed with the unusual lack of literature on the subject of sarcoma of the accessory sinuses. So far as I was able to ascertain there are but four cases of sarcoma reported. Of these three cases were of the maxillary sinus and one of the frontal and ethmoid cells. This, of course, does not represent the frequency of sarcoma in this locality. We are all more or less familiar with these cases, either from personal experience or report. It shows, however, a lack of appreciation of the importance of the subjeet, for our knowledge of rare and peculiar cases is increased by the publication
It Is Patients Who Most Need Tort Reform
Authors: Kenneth Coleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

There is a poor correlation between competence of care and malpractice lawsuits.1 The arbitrary-seeming nature of malpractice litigation places a dark cloud over all medical practice, encouraging wasteful defensive medical spending. According to a 1996 study, reforms that directly limit liability (such as caps on damage awards and abolition of punitive damages) reduce hospital expenditures by 5 to 9% within 3 to 5 years after adoption, without affecting clinical outcomes.2 This finding may significantly underestimate the true overall effect, since the study was based on Medicare patients and most lawsuits involve younger patients.Yet regardless of the costs, the primary . . .
Photoprotection of the eye in PUVA therapy
Authors: GORAN WENNERSTEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Photochemotherapy with psoralens, now widely used in the therapy of psoriasis, vitiligo and mycosis fungoides, has been proposed to have the capacity, during long-term therapy, to induce ocular damage, e.g. cataract. This view is based on animal experiments (Cloud, Hakim & Griffin, 1960, 1961; Free-man & Troll, 1969) and as a consequence adequate protection of the eyes has been recommended for patients on PUVA treatment. During therapeutic irradiation eye protection is usually provided by small black non-transparent glasses but the problem is which type of sun glasses the patient should wear for the rest of the day of treatment. The purpose of this paper was to investigate different sun glasses on the market with regard to their transmission of longwave ultraviolet light around 365 nm (UVA) where the maximal action spectrum for psoralens is found in vivo (Pathak, Krämer & Fitzpatrick, I974).
THE INFLUENCE OF SEX ON DISEASE.
Authors: LOUIS FAUGÈRES BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Curiously enough, while the tendency in modern civilization is to eliminate the distinctions in the political and economic status of men and women, that of medicine has been to exaggerate the natural difference of the manifestation of disease between the sexes. The object of this essay is not so much to show how many as how few are the differences. The influence of sex on the course of general disease is wholly a matter of soil and environment; that is, the disease is the same, with the same tendencies and possible terminations, but modified by the constitution of the person and not by sex. Granted that individual constitution does affect the course of disease, we must determine whether its characteristics differ according to sex, or whether they differ among individuals regardless of sex. To predict our conclusions it will be found that the course of general diseases is not affected
TREATMENT OF CHRONIC CROUP.
Authors: EDWIN ROSENTHAL
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Many of us who practice intubation in the treatment cf laryngeal diphtheria occasionally meet with a case that causes us much care and annoyance, by reason of the duration of the symptoms of stenosis. Since the advent of the diphtheria antitoxin our methods of treating intubation have changed. Where, before the use of this remedy, we permitted the tube to remain in the larynx at least a week before we thought of disturbing or removing it, we have found that, in the majority of cases, the tube can be removed, or removes itself by expectoration, before the peroid of five days, or 120 hours. If we are called early enough, that is, before intubation becomes a necessity, our cases—in the majority of instances—recover promptly on the third day, and at the most the symptom of stenosis disappears before the fifth day. Still, we meet cases that are not
Nestle violates international marketing code, says audit
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

An external audit of Nestle's infant food marketing practices in Pakistan has found three violations of the World Health Organization's code of marketing of breast milk substitutes. The company has promised to correct these and develop more formalised tools to help its managers to monitor compliance with the code.

Nestle commissioned the audit from the consultants Emerging Market Economics after a former employee in Pakistan, …
Antibodies reactive with non-polymorphic epitopes on HLA molecules cause false-positive HIV antibody tests on African samples of serum
Authors: A. Aceti, P. Terzaroli, B.S. Paparo, D. Celestino, A. Sebastiani, K. Bile, N. Tanigaki, R. Tosi, F. Ameglio
Journal: Journal of Infection (1990)
Cutaneous Metastases of Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Manuel Haro Estarriol, Manuel Rubio Goday
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 70-year-old former smoker presented with a history of several weeks of multiple painless cutaneous nodules on his chest wall. He also reported fatigue, weight loss, and cough with blood-tinged sputum. More than 30 subcutaneous nodules were identified on physical examination (Panel A). There was no clubbing, peripheral edema, or joint deformity. The respiratory examination was otherwise normal. Radiography and computed tomography (Panel B) of the chest revealed a mass in the right lower lobe, mediastinal lymph nodes, and multiple cutaneous nodules (arrows). The results of laboratory tests were negative. Levels of rheumatoid factor, complement, antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, and carcinoembryogenic . . .