tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cochrane reviews <i>v</i> industry supported meta-analyses: Ten questions to assess bias in medical research
Authors: Manfred Gogol
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Jorgensen et al show that much published research may be biased.1 The following 10 questions, the result of my experience as a hospital physician, may be a practical way to assess bias.

1.  Is the research conducted by or together with the sponsor?

2.  Is there open access …
Heterogeneity of Retrograde Fast-Pathway Conduction Pattern in Patients With Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia
Authors: Frederic Anselme, Bruce Hook, Kevin Monahan, Joost Frederiks, David Callans, Marco Zardini, Laurence M. Epstein, Joseph Zebede, Mark E. Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Selective ablation of either the fast or the slow pathway resulting in cure of AV nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) has led to the concept that these pathways are discrete, anatomically defined structures. We hypothesized that if a discrete retrograde fast pathway exists, it should be possible to record a single focus of early atrial activation near the apex of Koch’s triangle, with sequential spread of depolarization to the rest of the atria. Methods and Results We evaluated 46 patients (33 women, 13 men; mean age, 45±17 years) undergoing electrophysiology study and catheter ablation for typical AVNRT. Retrograde atrial activation during AVNRT (337±43 ms) and ventricular pacing at a similar cycle length (352±51 ms) was recorded in the region of Koch’s triangle with a decapolar catheter in the His bundle position, a multipolar catheter in the coronary sinus, and a deflectable quadripolar catheter along the tricuspid annulus anterior to the coronary sinus ostium. Earliest atrial activation was recorded at the apex of the triangle of Koch in 38 patients during ventricular pacing and in 43 patients during AVNRT. A broad wave front of atrial activation was recorded in 17 patients during ventricular pacing and in 26 patients during AVNRT. During AVNRT, only 2 patients had a single early site with focal and sequential activation along the tendon of Todaro. There was concordance in the pattern of atrial activation between ventricular pacing and AVNRT in only 21 of 46 patients. Conclusions Retrograde atrial activation over the fast pathway is heterogeneous within Koch’s triangle and the coronary sinus, both for the entire population and for individual patients during different modes of activation. These data do not support the concept of an anatomically discrete retrograde fast pathway.
Topical treatment of perianal eczema with tacrolimus 0·1%
Authors: J. Schauber, P. Weisenseel, T. Ruzicka
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Topical treatment of perianal eczema with tacrolimus 0·1% Get access J. Schauber, J. Schauber Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians University, 80337 Munich, Germany Jürgen Schauber. E‐mail: juergen.schauber@med.uni‐muenchen.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Weisenseel, P. Weisenseel Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians University, 80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Ruzicka T. Ruzicka Department of Dermatology, Ludwig‐Maximilians University, 80337 Munich, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 6, 1 December 2009, Pages 1384–1386, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09345.x Published: 01 December 2009
Abstract P1-09-03: A Pharmaco-Economic Analysis of Tamoxifen (T) vs. Aromatase Inhibitors (AI) in Adjuvant Treatment of Postmenopausal (PoM) Women (W) with Hormone Receptor Positive (HRP) Breast Cancer (BC)
Authors: R Sehgal, C Lark
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Endocrine Therapy (ET) is an important component of adjuvant therapy in PoM W with HRP BC.AI are the preferred modality of ET despite higher cost. We performed an analysis to determine the cost of the difference in BC specific survival benefit when using AI compared to T in the adjuvant treatment of HRP BC in PoM W. Methods: Prices of medications were obtained through First Data Bank Blue Book. Annual incidence of BC globally was taken as reported in GLOBOCAN 2008. Incidence of non-metastatic, HRP BC in PoM W was calculated using data on incidence of metastatic BC (6%), HRP BC (80%) and W with PoM status (75%) from Cancer Statistics 2009 and Anderson WF et al, 2002 respectively. Meta-analysis of ATAC and BIG-98 trials comparing 5 years (yrs) of T and AI (T and anastrozole/letrozole), in the adjuvant setting presented by Dowsett et al, JCO, Vol 28, No 3 (January 20), 2010: 509-518 was used for calculating BC specific survival benefit of AI over T. Results: Annually, 780,307 W globally would be eligible for 5 yrs of adjuvant ET. The cost of 5 yrs treatment for these W with T vs. AI is $5.4 billion (B) United States dollars (USD) vs. $22.5 B USD, respectively. The absolute BC specific survival benefit of treating W with AI over T for 5 yrs was 1.1%. Therefore, treating 780,307 women with AI rather than T for 5 yrs would benefit about 8583 W from BC specific mortality. The cost for saving one woman from BC related mortality, if treated with AI rather than T would be $1,992310.38 USD [(22.5 B USD — 5.4 B USD/8583]. AI use was associated with fewer endometrial cancers and thromboembolic events than T but with more arthralgias and fractures. Conclusion: AIs have shown benefit over T, but applying those results en-mass to all patients with HRP BC might be a substantial economic burden on society with relatively small benefits. Target markers for subset of patients who might preferentially benefit from AIs more than T need to be identified to best optimize the benefit from these drugs. Each class of drugs have different side effect profiles which should help individualize treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-03.
Medicine, a Lifelong Study; Proceedings of the Second World Conference on Medical Education, Chicago, 1959, under the auspices of the World Medical Association
Authors: Walter S. Wiggins
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This volume presents the plenary addresses, numerous formal papers, and panel discussions, which largely comprised the 5-day program of the Second World Conference on Medical Education. The conference was held under the auspices of the World Medical Association with the American Medical Association and Association of American Medical Colleges as the host organizations.  The conference was devoted to a consideration of clinical training in medicine. Emphasis was given to formal hospital training after medical school as well as the need and methods of achieving continuing medical education for all physicians throughout their active professional careers.  The program planning and selection of titles were influenced predominantly by the problems and concerns of medical education in the Anglo-American world. There were 135 speakers from 52 countries, and the audience of 800 represented 66 countries and 179 medical schools.
DODAG; a versatile new cationic lipid that mediates efficient delivery of pDNA and siRNA
Authors: Mathieu Mével, Nazila Kamaly, Sergio Carmona, Morag H. Oliver, Michael R. Jorgensen, Carol Crowther, Felix H. Salazar, Patricia L. Marion, Masato Fujino, Yukikazu Natori, Maya Thanou, Patrick Arbuthnot, Jean-Jacques Yaouanc, Paul Alain Jaffrès, Andrew D. Miller
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
SCAREATINI FORM ERYTHEMA IN TYPHOID FEVER.Read in the Section of Dermatology and Syphilography at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, at Nashville, Tenn., May 22, 1890.
Authors: A. H. OHMANN-DUMESNIL
Journal: JAMA (1890)

There is perhaps no class of diseases within the broad domain of dermatology which possesses more interest, both in a pathological and in an etiological point of view, than the erythemata. To an investigator this class becomes invested with so much of the alluring as to easily lead him into the speculative domain of medicine. The subject, however, is so vast and comprehensive as to preclude the possibility of its consideration within the narrow limits of an essay. For this reason, I have taken up but one special form of a certain variety of the erythemata which has been of some interest to me for two reasons, viz.: its comparative infrequency, and the scanty literature which has been devoted to it. The literature of erythema as well as that of typhoid fever contain but a few allusions to the scarlatiniform erythema, or as it is called by
Interleukin-22 treatment ameliorates alcoholic liver injury in a murine model of chronic-binge ethanol feeding: Role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
Authors: Sung Hwan Ki, Oygi Park, Mingquan Zheng, Oriol Morales-Ibanez, Jay K. Kolls, Ramon Bataller, Bin Gao
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Interleukin-22 (IL-22), a recently identified member of the IL-10 family of cytokines that is produced by Th17 and natural killer cells, plays an important role in controlling bacterial infection, homeostasis, and tissue repair. Here, we tested the effect of IL-22 on alcohol-induced liver injury in a murine model of chronic-binge ethanol feeding. Feeding male C57BL/6 mice with a Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 5% ethanol for 10 days, followed by a single dose of ethanol (5 g/kg body weight) by gavage, induces significant fatty liver and liver injury with peak serum levels of approximately 250 IU/L alanine aminotransferase and 420 IU/L aspartate aminotransferase 9 hours after gavage. Moreover, chronic-binge ethanol administration increases expression of hepatic and serum inflammatory cytokines and hepatic oxidative stress. Using this model, we demonstrate that treatment with IL-22 recombinant protein activates hepatic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and ameliorates alcoholic fatty liver, liver injury, and hepatic oxidative stress. Administration with IL-22 adenovirus also prevents alcohol-induced steatosis and liver injury. Deletion of STAT3 in hepatocytes abolishes the hepatoprotection provided by IL-22 in alcoholic liver injury. In addition, IL-22 treatment down-regulates the hepatic expression of fatty acid transport protein, but up-regulates several antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antimicrobial genes. Finally, expression of IL-22 receptor 1 is up-regulated whereas IL-22 is undetectable in the livers from mice with chronic-binge ethanol feeding or patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Conclusion: Chronic-binge ethanol feeding may be a useful model to study the early stages of alcoholic liver injury. IL-22 treatment could be a potential therapeutic option to ameliorate alcoholic liver disease, due to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antisteatotic, proliferative, and antimicrobial effects with the added benefit of potentially few side effects. Hepatology 2010
Tetanus Immune Globulin From Selected Human Plasmas
Authors: Leo Levine
Journal: JAMA (1967)

FOR many years, the dangers and inadequacies of heterologous tetanus antitoxin have beclouded the acceptance and use of this product for emergency prophylaxis against tetanus. Hence a variety of efforts have been made to find an effective substitute. With the development of efficient and reproducible techniques for fractionation and concentration of human γ-globulin, it became possible to prepare a homologous tetanus antitoxin derived from human plasma. Several papers have described such preparations made from the plasma of donors hyperimmunized with tetanus toxoid.<sup>1-3</sup>However, it was apparent from the beginning that the amount of antitoxin that could be obtained in this fashion would be far below the demand. Therefore, in 1959 Johannes Ipsen, MD, then superintendent of the Institute of Laboratories, Massachusetts Department of Public Health, suggested that all incoming blood donations might be screened by the passive hemagglutination method for plasma tetanus antitoxin titer, and that the ones of
Correction of Antidiuresis by Demeclocycline
Authors: André De Troyer, Jean-Claude Demanet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

ALL the signs and symptoms of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone result from excessive retention of water. Accordingly, adequate restriction of water and fluid intake prevents the hyponatremia and the associated clinical manifestations. Since the original description of the syndrome, severe fluid deprivation has been the only therapeutic approach in the chronic form.1 Unfortunately, this therapy causes much discomfort to the patient, and, when not followed, results in repeated and sometimes life-threatening episodes of water intoxication. Recently, lithium carbonate has been successfully used in a patient with the syndrome,2 but this drug is frequently associated with inconvenient . . .
Transparency for Clinical Trials — The TEST Act
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

In the past few years, registration of clinical trials in a publicly accessible database has become routine. In the United States, much of the impetus for registration derives from the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 (FDAAA). As a result of this law and other actions,1,2 most interventional clinical trials conducted in the United States have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, where, in most cases, the trial results must also be reported. The curators of the database have designed a simple tabular format in which the characteristics of the participants enrolled are reported in one table, the key . . .
Down-Regulation of Stem Cell Genes, Including Those in a 200-kb Gene Cluster at 12p13.31, Is Associated with <i>In vivo</i> Differentiation of Human Male Germ Cell Tumors
Authors: James E. Korkola, Jane Houldsworth, Rajendrakumar S.V. Chadalavada, Adam B. Olshen, Debbie Dobrzynski, Victor E. Reuter, George J. Bosl, R.S.K. Chaganti
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Adult male germ cell tumors (GCTs) comprise distinct groups: seminomas and nonseminomas, which include pluripotent embryonal carcinomas as well as other histologic subtypes exhibiting various stages of differentiation. Almost all GCTs show 12p gain, but the target genes have not been clearly defined. To identify 12p target genes, we examined Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA) U133A+B microarray (∼83% coverage of 12p genes) expression profiles of 17 seminomas, 84 nonseminoma GCTs, and 5 normal testis samples. Seventy-three genes on 12p were significantly overexpressed, including GLUT3 and REA (overexpressed in all GCTs) and CCND2 and FLJ22028 (overexpressed in all GCTs, except choriocarcinomas). We characterized a 200-kb gene cluster at 12p13.31 that exhibited coordinated overexpression in embryonal carcinomas and seminomas, which included the known stem cell genes NANOG, STELLA, and GDF3 and two previously uncharacterized genes. A search for other coordinately regulated genomic clusters of stem cell genes did not reveal any genomic regions similar to that at 12p13.31. Comparison of embryonal carcinoma with seminomas revealed relative overexpression of several stem cell–associated genes in embryonal carcinoma, including several core “stemness” genes (EBAF, TDGF1, and SOX2) and several downstream targets of WNT, NODAL, and FGF signaling (FGF4, NODAL, and ZFP42). Our results indicate that 12p gain is a functionally relevant change leading to activation of proliferation and reestablishment/maintenance of stem cell function through activation of key stem cell genes. Furthermore, the differential expression of core stem cell genes may explain the differences in pluripotency between embryonal carcinomas and seminomas. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(2): 820-7)
The Lane of Poplars at Moret
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nutrition for Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Richard D. Griffiths
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
99mTc Sulfur Colloid Lymphoscintigraphy Demonstrating Patency of a Lymphovenous Shunt
Authors: Harmandeep Singh, Punit Sharma, Suhas Singla, Krishan Kant Agarwal, Sudhir Suman Kc, Bangkim Chandra Khangembam, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Lymphedema of the lower limb can occur as a result of lymphatic obstruction secondary to malignancy or to lymphatic filariasis in endemic countries. Resistant lymphedema can be treated with microsurgical lymphovenous anastomosis, thus creating a lymphovenous shunt. Patency of these anastomoses cannot be assessed with conventional imaging modalities (lymphangiogram). Lymphoscintigraphy is useful for this purpose. Early visualization of liver and blood pool activity indirectly confirms presence of a patent lymphovenous shunt. We demonstrate the patency of lymphovenous shunt in a 48-year-old woman who underwent microsurgical lymphovenous anastomosis for severe lymphedema of the left lower limb.
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM IN OSTEOMALACIA IX. METABOLIC BEHAVIOR OF INFANTS FED ON BREAST MILK FROM MOTHERS SHOWING VARIOUS STATES OF VITAMIN D NUTRITION
Authors: S. H. Liu, H. I. Chu, C. C. Su, T. F. Yu, T. Y. Cheng
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1940)

Composition of diets in grams per day (Values for calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen are actually analyzed) Case la Case 2a Case 3a' Case 4a
Consequences of synovectomy of the knee joint: clinical, histopathological, and enzymatic changes and changes in 2 components of complement
Authors: T. Myllyla, L. Peltonen, J. Puranen, L. K. Korhonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1983)

The state of 36 knee joints of 32 rheumatic patients was evaluated after surgical synovectomy, the follow-up period varying from 2 to 39 months. Synovitis was suspected by arthroscopy in 67% and verified histologically in 52%, although in a milder form than at the time of synovectomy. The regenerated synovial tissue was less permeable to serum proteins and contained lower activities of lysosomal enzymes than the excised synovial tissue. Although the number of leucocytes decreased in the joint fluid after synovectomy, the activities of lysosomal enzymes were lowered only slightly, and there was no change in the amount of C3 and C4 components of complement pathway.
Id1 Transcription Inhibitor–Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Axis Enhances Invasiveness of the Breakpoint Cluster Region/Abelson Tyrosine Kinase–Transformed Leukemia Cells
Authors: Margaret Nieborowska-Skorska, Grazyna Hoser, Lori Rink, Maciej Malecki, Plamen Kossev, Mariusz A. Wasik, Tomasz Skorski
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Breakpoint cluster region/Abelson (BCR/ABL) tyrosine kinase enhances the ability of leukemia cells to infiltrate various organs. We show here that expression of the helix-loop-helix transcription factor Id1 is enhanced by BCR/ABL in a signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5)–dependent manner. Enhanced expression of Id1 plays a key role in BCR/ABL–mediated cell invasion. Down-regulation of Id1 in BCR/ABL leukemia cells by the antisense cDNA significantly reduced their invasive capability through the Matrigel membrane and their ability to infiltrate hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic organs resulting in delayed leukemogenesis in mice. The Id1-promoted cell invasiveness was seemingly mediated by matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Transactivation of MMP9 promoter in BCR/ABL cells was dependent on Id1 and abrogation of the MMP9 catalytic activity by a metalloproteinase inhibitor or blocking antibody decreased invasive capacity of leukemia cells. These data suggest that BCR/ABL-STAT5-Id1-MMP9 pathway may play a critical role in BCR/ABL–mediated leukemogenesis by enhancing invasiveness of leukemia cells. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(8): 4108-16)
ALLERGY TO GRASS JUICE
Authors: AILA NIINIMÄKI
Journal: Allergy (1977)

Crushed, fresh grass did not produce positive skin reactions in 149 patients with grass pollen allergy, six of whom suffered from rhinitis and conjunctival discharge while cutting grass. An additional patient without an allergy to grass pollens but with clear-cut symptoms from newly cut grass showed a negative result in the scratch-chamber test and in the scrubbing test.
A randomized trial comparing cadexomer iodine and standard treatment in the out-patient management of chronic venous ulcers
Authors: E. SKOG, B. ARNESJO, T. TROENG, J.E. GJORES, L. BERGLJUNG, J. GUNDERSEN, T. HALLBOOK, Y. HESSMAN, L. HILLSTROM, T. MANSSON, U. EILARD, B. EKLOFF, G. PLATE, L. NORGREN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Ninety-three patients with treatment-resistant venous ulcers were included in a multicentre randomized trial to compare cadexomer iodine and the standard treatment used in each centre combined with compression bandages, in healing venous ulcers. The mean duration of ulcers before the trial was more than 2 years. With standard treatment the mean ulcer size increased slightly during the 6-week trial whereas with cadexomer iodine the ulcer size was significantly reduced. Cadexomer iodine was more effective than standard treatment for reduction of pain, removal of pus and debris, removal of exudate, stimulation of granulation and reduction of surrounding erythema. Bacterial infection of ulcers increased or did not change during treatment with the standard therapy whereas cadexomer iodine significantly reduced infection with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other pathogenic organisms. A correlation was seen between the time taken to reduce or eliminate infection with Staphylococcus aureus and rate of ulcer healing. Four patients complained of transient pain in the ulcer after application of the cadexomer iodine. It is concluded that cadexomer iodine increased the rate of healing of infected chronic venous ulcers.