tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ROUTINE URINE EXAMINATIONS IN UNIVERSITY ENTRANTS
Authors: ROBERT T. LEGGE
Journal: JAMA (1925)

At the University of California, a compulsory physical examination is required of all students on matriculation. This is for the purpose of determining for the health service the health condition of the student, as to whether there are present any physical defects or infectious disease. This record is utilized on every occasion on which hospital or dispensary care is required, as it contains the full personal and family history, the complete physical findings, including the chest, abdomen and extremities, eye, ear, nose, throat, dental and urine findings. The same record is used by the military and physical education departments to determine whether the student can qualify for military duty or is eligible for the various athletic activities. During the fall semester of 1924, 1,224 men students, averaging in age from 18 to 20 years, were given complete chemical and microscopic urine examinations. It may be of interest to learn that
Metabolism of cystathionine, N-monoacetylcystathione, perhydro-1,4-thiazepine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid, and cystathionine ketimine in the liver and kidney of d,l-propargylglycine-treated rats
Authors: Jianying Zhang, Meiying Zhang, Deshun Ma, Kazunori Sugahara, Hiroyuki Kodama
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
Alcohol intemperance and sudden death.
Authors: H Lithell, H Aberg, I Selinus, H Hedstrand
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Ten years after a health screening examination was offered to 50 year old men 32 of the 2322 participants and 12 of the 454 nonparticipants had died of ischaemic heart disease. Of these, 26 and 11 respectively had suffered sudden death, for which necropsy was performed. Half of the men who had died suddenly had been registered for alcohol intemperance up to 1973, which was four times the prevalence of such registrations in the general population. Registration at both the Swedish Temperance Board and the Bureau of Social Services was associated with an odds ratio of 3.74 for sudden death as compared with not being registered at either. Logistic analysis including the classical risk factors for ischaemic heart disease together with registration for alcohol intemperance and at the Bureau of Social Services showed only the two types of registration and systolic blood pressure to be independent risk factors. On the other hand, there was no overrepresentation of subjects entered in the registers among those surviving a myocardial infarction. For non-fatal myocardial infarction blood pressure and serum triglyceride concentration were significant risk factors and serum cholesterol concentration, smoking, and body mass index probable risk factors; the two types of registration were not independent risk factors. Alcohol intemperance is strongly associated with an increased risk of sudden death after myocardial infarction.
Skin sensitivity to Aspergillus flavus in patients with soybean induced asthma and/or allergic rhinitis
Authors: L.R.F. Ardusso, R. Codina, C.D. Crisci, R.F. Lockley, J. Molinas, I. Medina, S. Trobbiani, C. López, L. Ramos
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
1014-208 Atrial tachycardia and atrial fibrillation are closely linked in canine rapid ventricular pacing-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sunil C Schroff, Kyungmoo Ryu, Jayakumar Sahadevan, Nichole L Martovitz, Saurabh Shah, Celeen M Khrestian, Michael D Faulx, Brian D Hoit, Bruce S Stambler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Effect of doxapram on heavy sedation produced by intravenous diazepam.
Authors: C J Allen, K R Gough
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Their prohibitive cost is beyond the means of most small health centres and virtually all households (current price £685-91 including VAT for the Model 20 Egnell electric breast pump; Eschmann Bros and Walsh Ltd, Sussex).Yet it is in poorer communities that the potential need for such devices may be greatest.The Bristol breast pump is simple both in design and in operation and should cost well under £15 if mass produced.It is easily sterilised and requires no maintenance.It affords the mother the freedom to select a comfortable suction pressure and to express milk at her own rate.Such a pump may provide a means for initiating, maintaining, or extending the lactational period in mothers who might otherwise resort to artificial infant formulas.I thank the staff on ward 76 of Bristol Maternity
Contribution of adenosine receptors in the control of arteriolar tone and adenosine–angiotensin II interaction
Authors: E.Y. Lai, A. Patzak, A. Steege, R. Mrowka, R. Brown, N. Spielmann, P.B. Persson, B.B. Fredholm, A.E.G. Persson
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Lipocalin 2 Bolsters Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Blood-Stage Malaria Infection by Reinforcing Host Iron Metabolism
Authors: Hong Zhao, Aki Konishi, Yukiko Fujita, Masanori Yagi, Keiichi Ohata, Taiki Aoshi, Sawako Itagaki, Shintaro Sato, Hirotaka Narita, Noha H. Abdelgelil, Megumi Inoue, Richard Culleton, Osamu Kaneko, Atsushi Nakagawa, Toshihiro Horii, Shizuo Akira, Ken J. Ishii, Cevayir Coban
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
Esophageal Cancer, Hyperkeratosis, and Oral Leukoplakia: Follow-up Family Study
Authors: Samuel B. Ritter
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To the Editor.—  The incidence of cancer of the esophagus and tylosis (palmaplantar keratoderma) has previously been reported in a number of families1,2as well as its association with oral leukoplakia.3We have recently reported a case of esophageal 58 35 8 5 4 1 50 33 31 25 11 7 5 3 23 18 5 4 2 16 14 6 5 3 2 Male Female Tylosis Normal 6 4 3 1 Tylosis Tylosis, Leukoplakia Leukoplakia, Esophageal Cancer Fig 1.—Family tree with ages. cancer associated with hyperkeratosis and oral leukoplakia in a 25-year-old woman with a family history of tylosis.4This is the follow-up study of that family.  The patient's family consisted of parents, her children, and seven siblings and their children. A medical history, stressing gastrointestinal symptoms, was taken from each member and a physical examination performed. The results are shown in Fig 1.  The onset
Lariam and Halfan
Authors: John Black
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Ashley Croft1 has performed a service in exposing the disgraceful failure to test properly the antimalarial drugs Lariam (mefloquine) and Halfan (halofantrine) (JRSM 2007;100:170-174). The side-effects of these drugs were not widely recognized until the mid-1990s, but incredibly, a randomized controlled study was not undertaken until 2001!2

In 1995, my wife and I, on our way back from Tristan da Cunha, were on board RMS St Helena, which called at The Gambia, where we had a day ashore. For this reason we had been advised to take malaria prophylaxis. We shared a table with the ship's doctor, who remarked on the number of passengers, mainly women, who were complaining of depression: he attributed this to the Lariam which they had been prescribed. We had put our faith in chloroquine and proguanil instead.

Unfortunately, the ship's doctor did not think to send an adverse reaction report, which was a pity since such a report might have produced action earlier than 2001.

I was astonished to find that mefloquine (but not halofantrine) was still listed in the September 2006 issue of the British National Formulary with an entry identical to that of March 2001—a mild warning about neuropsychiatric disorders, depression, convulsions and hypersensitivity to quinine. In both issues of the BNF there is a 17-line list of side-effects!

I cannot agree with Croft's plea for more research on mefloquine and halofantrine on the grounds that they are ‘undoubtedly lifesaving drugs.’ In my view, Lariam should be withdrawn, as has presumably occurred with Halfan.
Computer Procedure as Aid in Diagnosis-Reply
Authors: J. E. Overall
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We agree most wholeheartedly with Dr. Nertney's comment that computer-based diagnostic procedures will at best prove to be "aids" to the physician. It has never been envisioned that the computer can or will replace the physician. There should be no more reluctance on the part of the practicing physician to accept such computer procedures than to accept the advice of a consultant or to use a new and powerful diagnostic test. The question of degree to which one should rely on a statistical procedure should itself be amenable to a statistical answer. If computers can be programmed to agree with the most expert diagnosticians as well as the experts agree among themselves (as we believe entirely feasible), then the question is simply whether the physicians using the computers can do as well. In many areas of medicine, extreme specialization and experience are necessary to achieve expertness in
The Ocular Adnexa
Authors: Albert M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This last volume of Duke-Elder's<i>System of Ophthalmology</i>maintains the same high standards found in the previously published 14 volumes. It represents the most complete and authoritative modern account of diseases of the ocular adnexa. Part 1 deals to a great extent with the territory that ophthalmology shares with dermatology, and this book should be known to dermatologists. Here, pictures of disease are all-important, and there are copious illustrations in black and white. One could wish that present-day publishing costs had allowed more colored illustrations. Part 2 covers more varied territory. Diseases of the lacrimal secretory apparatus differ widely from those of the lacrimal drainage system. Diseases of the orbit are conditioned by yet another set of circumstances, particularly the rigidity of the orbital walls and the relative mobility of the globe in the face of a space-occupying lesion. However, proximity to the cranial cavity allows disease processes of the
Myocardial contrast echocardiography with triggered ultrasound does not cause ventricular premature beats: evidence from PB127 studies
Authors: Ajit B. Raisinghani, Kevin Wei, Linda Crouse, Flordeliza Villanueva, Harvey Feigenbaum, Nelson B. Schiller, Paul Aggarwal, James Weiss, Tasneem Z. Naqvi, Robert Siegel, Jonathan H. Goldman, Mark Monaghan, Anthony DeMaria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Epidermal Langerhans Cells in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: P. Oxholm, A. Oxholm, R. Manthorpe
Journal: Allergy (1986)

IgG-binding to the surface of Langerhans cells (LC) is a feature of primary Sjögren's syndrome and might be associated with qualitative and quantitative defects in LC. Fifteen patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and 15 healthy controls had a punch biopsy performed from clinically unaffected skin. LC were enumerated in epidermal sheets by an immunoperoxidase technique, as well as demonstrated by immunofluorescence in vertical sections, which were furthermore examined for in vivo deposits of immunoglobulins, fibrinogen and C3. A significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in number of LC, measured on epidermal sheets, was found in patients as compared with controls. Examination of vertical sections did not reveal abnormalities in morphology or localisation of epidermal LC. Intraepidermal IgG deposits were demonstrated in 7/15 patients. In vivo deposits were not found in any of the controls. The density of epidermal LC was not correlated to the presence of intraepidermal IgG deposits.
Edema and Congestive Heart Failure from Thiazolidone Insulin Sensitizers—Excess Sodium Reabsoption in the Collecting Duct
Authors: H. Zhang, A. Zhang, D.E. Kohan, R.D. Nelson, F.J. Gonzales, T. Yang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Thiazolidinediones Expand Body Fluid Volume through PPARγ Stimulation of ENaC-Mediated Renal Salt Absorption 

Guan Y, Hao C, Cha DR, Rao R, Lu W, Kohan DE, Magnuson MA, Redha R, Zhang Y, Breyer MD. Nat Med 11: 861–867, 2005

Thiazolidones are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR
Post-Infectious Encephalomyelitis after Successful Treatment of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis with Adenine Arabinoside
Authors: Harold Koenig, Stanley G. Rabinowitz, Eugene Day, Vincent Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Medical Intelligence from The New England Journal of Medicine — Post-Infectious Encephalomyelitis after Successful Treatment of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis with Adenine Arabinoside — Ultrastructural Observations
Randomised controlled trials: internal versus external validity
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Researchers investigated the effectiveness of melatonin in treating severe sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. A double blind randomised placebo controlled study design was used. The intervention was immediate release melatonin capsules administered 45 minutes before the child's bedtime for a period of 12 weeks. Participants were 146 children aged 3 to 15 years 8 months. The trial was a multicentre one, with children recruited from 19 hospitals across England and Wales. The children had a severe sleep problem that had not responded to standardised sleep behaviour advice provided to parents four to six weeks before randomisation. The children were randomised to melatonin (n=70) or placebo (n=76).1 The outcome measures included subjective (as assessed from sleep diaries completed by the parents) and objective (as recorded by actigraphy) measures of sleep. The proportion of randomised participants who completed follow-up was 94% (66/70) for melatonin and 92% (70/76) for placebo. An intention to treat analysis was used to compare treatment groups in outcome. The researchers reported that children gained little additional sleep on melatonin compared with placebo. However, the children receiving melatonin fell asleep significantly faster and their waking times were earlier. Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
Gene Dreams: Wall Street, Academia, and the Rise of Biotechnology
Authors: Philip R. Reilly
Journal: JAMA (1991)

On October 14, 1980, a fledgling biotechnology company with the alluring name of Genentech was taken public. The lead underwriters, gambling on market fascination, made the audacious decision to try to place 1 million shares at $35 each. They could hardly have been more naive. The offering sold out instantly and 20 minutes later the stock had climbed to $89 per share, a record. There were loads of new millionaires. The biomedical research community would never be the same. Over the next few years, there was a dramatic shift in the career patterns of young scientists as hundreds of molecular biologists chose to work at companies like Cetus, Genetic Systems, Amgen, Applied Bio-systems, Biogen, Integrated Genetics, Genex, and Hybritech rather than accept instructorships at universities. Their mentors, senior scientists who had grown up in academia, were besieged by calls from investment bankers, lawyers, and more entrepreneurial colleagues. A new vocabulary
AN ARTICLE CONTRIBUTED TO AN ANNIVERSARY VOLUME IN HONOR OF DOCTOR JOSEPH HERSEY PRATT
Authors: D. MURRAY COWIE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1937)

Article1 December 1937AN ARTICLE CONTRIBUTED TO AN ANNIVERSARY VOLUME IN HONOR OF DOCTOR JOSEPH HERSEY PRATTAUTO PASSIVE TRANSFER IN ALLERGY*D. MURRAY COWIE, M.D., F.A.C.P.D. MURRAY COWIE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-6-949 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOn May 18, 1936 Samuel W., 52 years of age, presented himself for allergic studies because of an uncontrollable asthma that had been going on for five years. He had been examined elsewhere by the scratch method. The reactions secured by this method had not been satisfactory, in that after carrying out the eliminations suggested by these tests no relief was experienced.On intradermal examination with standardized allergens2 the patient reacted negatively to 80 out of 96. Of the 16 positive reactions only five could be considered unquestionably positive: feathers, black pepper, sheep wool, mushroom and corn.There was no...Bibliography1. COWIE DM: Auto passive transfer of allergic antibody, Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1937, liii, 1411. Google Scholar2. COWIEWARDELL DME: Standardization of allergens for intradermal testing and treatment, Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1935, xlix, 1384. Google Scholar3. COWIEFENTONENGELFRIED DMMJJ: Circulating allergic antibody, Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1936, li, 996. Google Scholar4. PRAUSNITZKÜSTNER CH: Studien über die Ueberempfindlichkeit, Centralbl. f. Bakt., 1921, lxxxvi, 160. Google Scholar5. COCAGROVE AFEF: Studies in hypersensitiveness. XIII. A study of atopic reagins, Jr. Immunol., 1925, x, 445. Google Scholar6. WALZERBOWMAN MKL: A test tube neutralization method for studying the identity and properties of reagins, Jr. Allergy, 1930, i, 464. Google Scholar7. FENTON MM: Preservation of allergens against bacterial contamination and change in color; the prevention of irritation of the skin induced by intradermal testing, Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1935, xlix, 1385. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: D. MURRAY COWIE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan*Received for publication August 12, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySkin TestsCUTANEOUS SENSITIVITY REACTIONSA study in food allergyThe fallibility of the autopassive transfer test (Cowie)Recent developments in asthma and hay fever 1 December 1937Volume 11, Issue 6Page: 949-960KeywordsAllergensAsthma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1937 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract IA20: Analyzing the cellular basis for heterogeneity in serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Benjamin G. Neel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is the leading cause of morbidity/mortality from gynecologic cancer. Current therapies increase survival, yet the majority of SOC patients die of their disease. The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis holds that only a subset of tumor cells can initiate/maintain the tumor and might be more resistant to chemotherapy. In the CSC model, it should be possible to purify a stable population with the ability to generate transplantable tumors that recreate the heterogeneity of the initial malignancy. We previously reported that CD133 marks all TIC from several primary SOC, but in some cases, TIC activity is also found in the CD133– fraction. Also, the TIC phenotype is unstable in xenografts. To address whether the expression of an unidentified protein marks all TIC in SOC, we performed high-throughput flow cytometry (profiling 365 cell surface markers) and combined these analyses with mass cytometry, a transformative technology allowing examination of 35 cell surface/intracellular markers on a single cell. Analysis of 40 primary SOC samples provided further evidence for inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity. Current analyses focus on functional validation of subpopulations marked by combinations of cell surface/stem cell genes. In the course of these studies, we have generated a large cohort of SOC xenografts. Xenografts recapitulate the inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity of SOC when their gene expression and copy number profiles are compared. Indeed, they also recapitulate the patient's sensitivity to standard of care chemotherapy. These xenografts might provide a useful model l for more efficient and personalized testing of investigational drugs for SOC. Citation Format: Benjamin G. Neel. Analyzing the cellular basis for heterogeneity in serous ovarian carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA20.
Passive Smoking and Risk of Peripheral Arterial Disease and Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Women Who Never Smoked
Authors: Yao He, Tai Hing Lam, Bin Jiang, Jie Wang, Xiaoyong Sai, Li Fan, Xiaoying Li, Yinhe Qin, Frank B. Hu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The association between secondhand smoke (SHS) and risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and stroke remains uncertain. We examined the relationship between SHS and cardiovascular diseases, particularly PAD and stroke, in Chinese women who never smoked from a population-based cross-sectional study in Beijing, China. SHS exposure was defined as exposure to another person's tobacco smoke at home or in the workplace. Cardiovascular disease events included coronary heart disease, stroke, and PAD. PAD was defined by signs of intermittent claudication as measured by the World Health Organization Rose questionnaire and an ankle-brachial index of <0.90. Among 1209 women who never smoked, 39.5% were exposed to SHS at home or in workplaces. Those individuals who were exposed to SHS had a significantly higher risk of coronary heart disease (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.69; 95% CI, 1.31 to 2.18) and ischemic stroke (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.35) than those never exposed to SHS after adjustment for 13 potential risk factors. The adjusted ORs of PAD defined by intermittent claudication, by ankle-brachial index <0.90, and by either intermittent claudication or ankle-brachial index <0.90 were 1.87 (95% CI, 1.30 to 2.68), 1.47 (95% CI, 1.07 to 2.03), and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.23 to 2.16), respectively. Dose-response relationships were found between SHS exposure amount (cigarettes per day) and duration (minutes per day) and increasing prevalence of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and PAD. In China, SHS exposure in women is highly prevalent. In addition to being a risk factor for coronary heart disease, SHS should be considered an important risk factor for ischemic stroke and PAD in nonsmoking women.
Hepatic biliary transport after hepatocyte transplantation in eizai hyperbilirubinemic rats
Authors: Hiromitsu Hamaguchi, Yasuo Yamaguchi, Mataro Goto, Mikio Misumi, Naoya Hisama, Nobutomo Miyanari, Katsutaka Mori, Michio Ogawa
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The Eizai hyperbilirubinemic rat (EHBR) is a Sprague-Dawley mutant rat with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Eizai hyperbilirubinemic rats have impaired canalicular excretory transport of organic anions, bile acid glucuronide and sulfate. Eizai hyperbilirubinemic rats, with and without a 68% partial hepatectomy, were treated by an intraportal injection of 1 x 10(7) wild-type Sprague-Dawley mutant rat hepatocytes. Serum bilirubin concentrations decreased significantly after hepatectomy and intraportal injection. Biliary excretion was demonstrated by biliary transport of indocyanine and sulfobromophthalein into the bile. These results indicate that hepatic transport of bile acid conjugates in Eizai hyperbilirubinemic rats can be restored by hepatocyte transplantation in conjunction with the recipient's excretory biliary system.
Improving mortality of coronary surgery: Data analysis was not robust
Authors: Sheka L C Reddy
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Bridgewater et al present data and draw conclusions that are incompatible.1 In their study new consultants not only performed as well as their senior colleagues in general (observed mortality v expected mortality is 0.61 v 0.66) but considerably outperformed them in years 3 and 4. The authors attributed this …