tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Zinc as a Cofactor in Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Induced Immunosuppression
Authors: Julian Falutz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —We read with interest the letter by Fabris et al1reporting decreased levels of serum zinc in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. As part of an ongoing nutritional study of HIV disease, we have determined serum zinc levels in over 150 subjects classified according to current Centers for Disease Control criteria.2We concur with Fabris et al— serum zinc levels in subjects with group IV HIV disease were low (Figure), except for our group IV-C2patients, who had serum zinc levels similar to those of our controls. Contrary to the findings of Fabris et al, we did not find low levels of serum zinc in 35 subjects with generalized lymphadenopathy.  Pifer et al3have suggested that lower zinc levels may be a life-style factor predisposing to further HIV-induced immunosuppression. As HIV serology was not assessed in their population of homosexual men without acquired
Emotional Factors in Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: HOWARD B. SPRAGUE
Journal: Circulation (1961)

ANYONE intrepid enough to discuss the 2 role of the emotions in coronary disease exposes himself to stresses that are asserted by some to be lethal.Thus, when I essayed, Canute-like, a few years ago, to challenge the concept that Western civilization is inevitably emotionally bad for the coronaries, I was told, in print,1 that it was "almost incredible" that I should have considered the terrors of grief, war, suicide, manic depressive insanity, and horrendous primitive taboos (stresses under which man has always suffered) as approach- ing in deadliness the hazards of our socioeco- nomic existence; and this in spite of the assertion by other psychosomaticists that fear, anger, resentment, frustration, and depression produce a greater cardiac output for a longer time than standard exercise.Naturally this social disapproval, this failure on my part to be "agin Sin," has been very hard on me.My friend, Dr. Louis Katz, has rightly said, concerning this matter of the emotions in atheroselerosis, ". . .too much has been said on this subject on too little evidence.We should do more research and less talking!"However, he stated that the Committee on Emotions and Cardiovascular Disease of the Chicago Heart Association has proposed that it devote 2 years to exploring the field.through a series of conferences, to decide whether or not even to undertake a major study of it.2I predict that the Committee will decide in the negative, but, at any rate, they must still be in the talking stage and will perhaps allow me a word at this meeting.Dr.Katz has admirably outlined the many ques- tions needing answers.What, I think, is the difference between the two major schools in this clouded area is really the emphasis upon the relative influence
Increased Tissue Factor Expression Predicts Development of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Authors: Michael H. Yen, Guy Pilkington, Randall C. Starling, Norman B. Ratliff, Patrick M. McCarthy, James B. Young, Guy M. Chisolm, Marc S. Penn
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) limits the long-term success of cardiac transplantation. The incidence of CAV is increased in patients with elevated plasma levels of oxidized lipids or fibrin deposition within right heart biopsy (RHB) specimens. The present study investigated whether tissue factor (TF), the expression of which is regulated by oxidized lipids, is upregulated in patients with CAV. Methods and Results— A TF score was developed to quantify TF expression in RHB specimens from 63 consecutive patients undergoing routine annual posttransplantation RHB and coronary angiography. In patients &gt;2 years (3.0±0.8 years) posttransplantation (n=35), a high TF score was observed with greater frequency (75% versus 26%, P &lt;0.004) in patients with CAV than those without CAV. In patients &lt;2 years (0.87±0.48 years) posttransplantation (n=28) without evidence of CAV, the TF score was determined and patients were followed up prospectively. A high TF score had a positive predictive value of 78.6% for the development of CAV, and a low TF score had a negative predictive value of 100%. Conclusions— These data demonstrate that early TF expression predicts subsequent development of CAV. Increased TF expression could link the elevated levels of oxidized LDL and fibrin deposition known to precede CAV. These findings suggest that TF may play a role in the pathophysiology of CAV and could offer a potential prognostic tool and a novel target for the prevention of CAV, possibly with antioxidants or inhibitors of the TF pathway.
ANURIA—PERHAPS HYSTERIC
Authors: F. J. Sheahan
Journal: JAMA (1913)

An interesting case of complete anuria of eight days' duration occurred in a young man of previous good health with the exception of occasional polyuria at varying intervals.  Anuria may develop in four ways: (1) following intense congestion in acute nephritis; (2) in renal stone when calculi block both ureters; (3) when the suppression is perirenal, resulting from (a) fever and inflammatory processes, (b) acute poisoning by phosphorus, turpentine or lead, (c) collapse after operations or injuries and in the collapse stage of cholera and yellow fever; (4) hysteric anuria.  The case which I propose to report does not come under any of these headings with the possible exception of the fourth. But the correctness of classifying this case under hysteric anuria I think is doubtful. The patient had at no time previously shown any hysteric tendencies; his family history on this score was entirely negative.  The patient, G. M.,
“Activation” of vitamin D by the liver
Authors: G. Ponchon, A. L. Kennan, H. F. DeLuca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Isolation of the liver from the circulation of rats eliminates almost completely their ability to convert [1,2]-(3)H vitamin D(3) into its biologically active metabolite, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, as well as certain other metabolites. It is concluded that the liver is the major if not the only physiologic site of hydroxylation of vitamin D(3) (cholecalciferol) into 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. The osteodystrophy and the higher requirements for vitamin D observed in hepatic insufficiencies may be due to an inability of the liver to transform vitamin D into its metabolically active form.
Targeting the Splicing of mRNA in Autoimmune Diseases: BAFF Inhibition in Sjögren's Syndrome as a Proof of Concept
Authors: N. Roescher, J.L. Vosters, G. Alsaleh, P. Dreyfus, S. Jacques, G. Chiocchia, J. Sibilia, P.P. Tak, J.A. Chiorini, X. Mariette, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

BAFF (B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family), a pivotal cytokine for B-cell activation, is overexpressed by salivary gland (SG) epithelial cells in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). ΔBAFF, a physiological inhibitor of BAFF, is a minor alternative splice variant of BAFF. A U7 RNA was reengineered to deliver antisense sequences targeting BAFF splice regions. A major decrease of BAFF messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein secretion, concomitantly with the increase of ΔBAFF mRNA, was observed in vitro. In vivo, SG retrograd instillation of nonobese diabetic mice by the modified U7 cloned into an adeno-associated virus vector significantly decreased BAFF protein expression and lymphocytic infiltrates and improved salivary flow. This study offers a rationale for localized therapeutic BAFF inhibition in pSS and represents a proof of concept of the interest of exon skipping in autoimmune diseases.
Pregnancy in patients under 16 years.
Authors: B. V. Lewis, P. J. Nash
Journal: BMJ (1967)

102 primigravidae and 1 multigravida patient under the age of 16 at conception were delivered in the obstetric unit of St. Heller Hospital Carshalton Surrey England during the January 1 1963 through September 31 1966 period.  The incidence of pregnancy in young patients was 1.2%.  The youngest patient was age 11 years and 9 months at conception; the oldest was 15 years and 11 months.  The multigravid patient conceived at 13 years 6 months and 15 years 7 months.  54 patients were seen on at least 1 occasion prior to the 28th week of gestation.  Another 46 patients were referred for antenatal care in the last trimester.  The remaining 3 cases were admitted unbooked in early labor.  all but 4 patients delivered vaginally the majority without operative intervention.  The forceps rate was about equal ot the overall hospital forceps rate.  The incidence of preeclampsia was considerably increased but the perinatal mortality rate was 1% for the entire group.  Easy spontaneous vaginal delivery was the rule.  The cesarean section rate was 4%.  Pregnancy and labor usually proceed without difficulty although pregnancy in young patients presents grave sociological proglems.
Abstract LB-351: miR-221&amp;222 regulate cell motility in glioma cell lines targeting the protein phosphates PTPμ
Authors: Cristina Quintavalle, Michela Garofalo, Giulia Romano, Margherita Iaboni, Ciro Zanca, Monica Brenca, Gerald Nuovo, Carlo Maria Croce, Gerolama Condorelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent brain tumor in adults and is the most lethal form of human cancer. Despite the improvements in treatments, patients's survival remains poor. Different evidences indicate that microRNAs might play a fundamental role in tumorigenesis, cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Through a microarray analysis we identified different microRNAs upregulated in the tumorigenic glioma cell lines U87 compared with the non tumorigenic cell lines T98G. Among different microRNAs we focused our attention on miR221&amp;222. By bioinformatic analysis we identified a binding site for these two miRs in the 3′UTR of the protein phosphatase PTPμ. Luciferase assay confirmed that miR-221 and 222 bind to the 3′UTR of PTPμ and impairs its mRNA translation. Previous studies indicated that PTPμ suppresses cell migration/invasion and is downregulated in glioma. Significantly, we found that miR 221&amp;222 overexpression induced a downregulation of PTPμ as analyzed by both western blot and RT-PCR. Furthermore, miR222&amp;221 induced an increase in cell migration/invasion in glioma cells. Accordingly, we found an inverse correlation between miR221&amp;222 and PTPμ in glioma cancer samples, as analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization on a tissue array representing 46 glioma and normal brain tissues. In conclusion, our results suggest that microRNA 221&amp;222 might regulate glioma tumorigenesis through the control of cell migration process. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-351.
Measurement of serum amyloid A protein concentrations as test of renal allograft rejection in patients with initially non-functioning grafts.
Authors: C P Maury, A M Teppo, J Ahonen, E von Willebrand
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Serum amyloid A protein concentrations were monitored in 10 renal transplant recipients who required dialysis after transplantation because of an initially non-functioning graft. Fifteen rejection episodes were identified by repeated fine needle aspiration biopsies of the grafts. All rejections were characterised by pronounced increases in serum amyloid A concentrations, the mean peak value being 363 (SE 57) mg/1 as compared with a mean preoperative concentration of 14 (5) mg/1. The rise in concentrations preceded the start of anti-rejection treatment by an average of 2.5 days in eight of the rejection episodes, in five episodes it occurred the same day, and in two episodes it occurred the next day. With exclusion of the predictable surgery induced rise in values, which peaked on the second postoperative day, there were 17 increases in amyloid A concentrations peaking at greater than or equal to 100 mg/1; in two cases they were not related to documented rejection. These findings show that measurements of serum amyloid A concentration provide a valuable non-invasive aid in identifying acute renal allograft rejection, including that in patients whose graft does not function initially.
The effect of mechanical stimulation on the maturation of TDSCs-poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone)/collagen scaffold constructs for tendon tissue engineering
Authors: Yuan Xu, Shiwu Dong, Qiang Zhou, Xiumei Mo, Lei Song, Tianyong Hou, Jinglei Wu, Songtao Li, Yudong Li, Pei Li, Yibo Gan, Jianzhong Xu
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Should the Patient Know?
Authors: Emil J Freireich
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The article by Novack et al (p 897) reports a change in physicians' attitudes toward this question. Physicians are aware of several important social changes in our culture that have contributed to this change. Many could be mentioned, including the dramatic change in the malpractice situation that encourages physicians to minimize liability by transferring knowledge to the patient; the laws mandating freedom of information, which have brought the confidentiality of the physician-patient relationship to the public; the effects of federal legislation affecting payment of physicians' fees through insurance carriers; the Professional Standards Review Organization; and other types of professional review activities, including the Food and Drug Administration review of informed consent documents. However, in addition to these social changes, there is an important positive aspect in sharing prognostic information with the patient—the growing importance of clinical research in health care. Clinical science and therapeutic research during the last 30 years
Chernobyl’s Legacy Probed
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical implications of osteoarthritis and ageing.
Authors: D Hamerman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widely prevalent chronic condition of older individuals that affects certain diarthrodial joints.Elsewhere, I have discussed the interrelations of ageing and OA from a 'geriatric perspective', exploring basic knowledge of cellular ageing and senescence and speculating as to how these conditions may relate to cartilage changes in the osteoarthritic joint.'
Is Bromocriptine Teratogenic?
Authors: RICHARD L. ELTON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1979Is Bromocriptine Teratogenic?RICHARD L. ELTON, PH.D., HARRISON M. LANGRALL, M.D.RICHARD L. ELTON, PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, HARRISON M. LANGRALL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-791_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The excellent and valuable review in the June issue by Drs. Spark and Dickstein, "Bromocriptine and Endocrine Disorders" (1), referred to the potential teratogenicity of this drug in humans because of the occurrence of "cleft lip" in the offspring of rabbits treated during pregnancy. We believe it is important for the assessment of the risks and benefits of any drug that full information be presented. To this end, we include the data on cleft palates from five studies in rabbits. The reader is also referred to the package insert for Parlodel® (bromocriptine mesylate; Sandoz Inc., East Hanover,...References1. SPARKDICKSTEIN RG. Bromocriptine and endocrine disorders. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:949-56. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SMITHELLS R. Environmental teratogens of man. Br Med Bull. 1976;32:27-33. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. EKELUNDKULLANDERKÄLLÉN HSB. Major and minor malformations in newborns and infants up to one year of age. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1970;59:297-302. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KAUFMAN D, ed. Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy. Littleton, Massachusetts: Publishing Sciences Group Inc.; 1977:223. Google Scholar5. DREWPARKINSONWALSTAB JPJ. Incidences and types of malformations in newborn infants. Med J Aust. 1977;2:945-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Sandoz Inc. East Hanover, NJ 07936 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCase-control cytogenetic study in offspring of mothers treated with bromocriptine during early pregnancyREVIEW: PITUITARY PROLACTINOMASDrugs affecting autonomic functions or the extrapyramidal system 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5Page: 791-791KeywordsDrug informationDrugsPregnancyRabbits Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE PHARMACOLOGY OF THE SUPRARENAL GLAND AND A METHOD OF ASSAYING ITS PRODUCTS.
Authors: E. M. HOUGHTON
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Addison was the first, in 1855, to point out the great importance of the adrenals to the animal economy, showing that the disease now bearing his name was due to lesions, usually tuberculosis, of these bodies. The following year Brown-Séquard demonstrated experimentally that these glands: "1, are essential to life; 2, that they modify or destroy a substance which otherwise transforms itself into pigment; 3, that when the organs are destroyed or removed this substance collects in the blood; 4, that removal is rapidly fatal, and injection of the blood of an animal thus treated into a healthy animal leads to symptoms like those of removal." Gratiolet, Phillipeaux and Harley disputed these findings, but Brown-Séquard by another series of experiments showed that his previous conclusions were correct. Brown-Séquard's conclusions were a little later confirmed by Tizzoni. Vulpian and Virchow also in 1856 showed that a reducing agent was contained in
Complete reversibility of physiological coronary vascular abnormalities in hypertrophied hearts produced by pressure overload in the rat.
Authors: S Isoyama, N Ito, M Kuroha, T Takishima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Using an experimental model of ascending aortic banding in the rat, we examined whether coronary circulation abnormalities in hypertrophied hearts are reversible after debanding. 4-wk banding produced significant increases in in vivo left ventricular (LV) pressure (194 +/- 13 vs. 114 +/- 9 mmHg in shamoperated controls) and LV dry wt/body wt (48 +/- 5% above controls). In isolated hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer, coronary flow rate (CFR) was estimated under nonworking conditions. During maximal vasodilation after 1 min-ischemia, CFR at a coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) of 100 mmHg and CFR/myocardidial mass at CPPs of 100 and 150 mmHg decreased significantly (72 +/- 5%; 53 +/- 4 and 61 +/- 4% of controls). 1 or 4 wk after debanding, LV systolic pressures were similar to control values, and the degree of myocardial hypertrophy decreased to levels 23 +/- 6 (P less than 0.01) and 11 +/- 6% (P less than 0.01) above their control values, respectively. At 1 wk there was no significant increase in CFR/myocardial mass, compared to values in the banded group (67 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 4% of controls at 100 mmHg and 67 +/- 9 vs. 61 +/- 4% at 150 mmHg of CPP). At 4 wk, CFR and the ratio had increased toward normal. Thus, decreased coronary perfusion in hypertrophied hearts is completely reversible.
A novel human tumor necrosis factor alfa mutein, F4614, inhibitsin vitro andin vivo growth of murine and human hepatoma: Implication for immunotherapy of human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yoshinari Atarashi, Satoshi Yasumura, Shuji Nambu, Yukimatsu Yoshio, Jun Murakami, Terumi Takahara, Kiyohiro Higuchi, Akiharu Watanabe, Keizo Miyata, Masanari Kato
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Although treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has recently improved, most patients still relapse and die from this disease. The development of new therapeutic and preventive strategies for HCC is, therefore, required. A novel mutant protein (mutein) of human tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-alpha mutein F4614, 1SSSRGDSD... 29V ... 155L) was developed to decrease several adverse effects of TNF-alpha. F4614 is known to lack hypotensive effects of human TNF-alpha without losing its anti-tumor effect in mice transplanted with Meth-A sarcoma. Our study investigated the anti-tumor effects of F4614 against hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. F4614 significantly inhibited growth of all four tumor cells in vitro. A murine hepatoma cell line, MH134, when incubated in the presence of F4614, exhibited upregulation of surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and B7-1 molecules, and a decreased proportion of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. In addition, F4614 induced apoptosis in a significant number of MH134 cells. TNF-alpha and F4614 (5 microg/mouse daily for 5 days) showed similar anti-tumor activities in syngeneic MH134-bearing mice and heterogeneic PLC/PRF/5-bearing athymic nude mice. Intratumoral injection of F4614 or TNF-alpha was more effective than intravenous injection. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumors treated by F4614 revealed that tumors were surrounded with a large number of Mac-1+ cells and a small number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; that suggests that intratumoral injection of F4614 elicited host immunoreactions. Thus, F4614 may be a new strategy for immunotherapy of HCC.
Why did coarticulation evolve?
Authors: Ignatius G. Mattingly
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

The locus equation proposal ignores a fundamental difference between human speech perception and nonhuman echolocation and sound localization, offers a questionable account of the function of consonant-vowel coarticulation, and is further undermined if the effects of other forms of coarticulation are considered. The function of coarticulation is to convey phonetic information rapidly and reliably.
Myocardial infarction and the G.P.
Authors: A. P. Niarchos
Journal: BMJ (1970)

BRITIOSHL 433 incidence of postoperative pulmonary embolism has also remained much the same.Is it possible that the radioactive fibrinogen test is too sensitive, and can any statement be made at present concerning the likeli- hood of pulmonary embolism from a series of localized "hot spots" on a patient's leg after surgery?Are Mr. Browse and Mr. Negus and the other investigators who have used this diagnostic method currently administering anticoagulants to all patients who have radioactive-fibrinogen-proved deep vein thrombosis?Should prophylactic intra- and postoperative anticoagulants be consid- ered as a routine for all surgical patients, as the incidence of postoperative venous throm- bosis is indeed approximately 25-30%, and even higher in patients of older age groups?-I am, etc.,