Effect of Inhaled Insulin on Fasting and Postprandial Plasma Glucose
Authors: Lisa Ceglia, Joseph Lau, Anastassios G. Pittas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters5 June 2007Effect of Inhaled Insulin on Fasting and Postprandial Plasma GlucoseLisa Ceglia, MD, Joseph Lau, MD, and Anastassios G. Pittas, MD, MScLisa Ceglia, MDFrom Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this author, Joseph Lau, MDFrom Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this author, and Anastassios G. Pittas, MD, MScFrom Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. Mikhail and colleagues for their comments, and we appreciate the opportunity to respond. We chose not to present data on fasting plasma glucose because this measure reflects the effectiveness of a long-acting basal insulin regimen or oral medication rather than that of inhaled insulin therapy, which has a short time of action. Furthermore, fasting blood glucose is a less reliable measure of glycemia in open-label trials because it can be affected by short-term changes in various factors. After combining data for fasting blood glucose available from 8 of the 16 trials (1–8) included in our ...References1. Advisory Committee Briefing Document: Exubera (insulin [rDNA origin] powder for oral inhalation). 3 August 2005. Accessed at www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/05/briefing/2005-4169B1_01_01-Pfizer-Exubera.pdf on 13 April 2007. Google Scholar2. Weiss SR, Cheng SL, Kourides IA, Gelfand RA, Landschulz WH. Inhaled insulin provides improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with oral agents: a randomized, controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:2277-82. [PMID: 14581245] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Hollander PA, Blonde L, Rowe R, Mehta AE, Milburn JL, Hershon KS, et al. Efficacy and safety of inhaled insulin (Exubera) compared with subcutaneous insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a 6-month, randomized, comparative trial. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2356-62. [PMID: 15451900] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Quattrin T, Bélanger A, Bohannon NJ, Schwartz SL. Efficacy and safety of inhaled insulin (Exubera) compared with subcutaneous insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes: results of a 6-month, randomized, comparative trial. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2622-7. [PMID: 15504996] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. DeFronzo RA, Bergenstal RM, Cefalu WT, Pullman J, Lerman S, Bode BW, et al. Efficacy of inhaled insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes not controlled with diet and exercise: a 12-week, randomized, comparative trial. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:1922-8. [PMID: 16043733] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. Rosenstock J, Zinman B, Murphy LJ, Clement SC, Moore P, Bowering CK, et al. Inhaled insulin improves glycemic control when substituted for or added to oral combination therapy in type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:549-58. [PMID: 16230721] LinkGoogle Scholar7. Skyler JS, Weinstock RS, Raskin P, Yale JF, Barrett E, Gerich JE, et al. Use of inhaled insulin in a basal/bolus insulin regimen in type 1 diabetic subjects: a 6-month, randomized, comparative trial. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:1630-5. [PMID: 15983312] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Barnett AH, Dreyer M, Lange P, Serdarevic-Pehar M. An open, randomized, parallel-group study to compare the efficacy and safety profile of inhaled human insulin (Exubera) with metformin as adjunctive therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled on a sulfonylurea. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:1282-7. [PMID: 16732009] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. Goldstein DE, Little RR, Lorenz RA, Malone JI, Nathan D, Peterson CM, et al. Tests of glycemia in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:1761-73. [PMID: 15220264] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Nathan DM. Thiazolidinediones for initial treatment of type 2 diabetes? [Editorial]. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:2477-80. [PMID: 17145743] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Lisa Ceglia, MD; Joseph Lau, MD; Anastassios G. Pittas, MD, MScAffiliations: From Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInhaled Insulin Improves Glycemic Control When Substituted for or Added to Oral Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes Julio Rosenstock , Bernard Zinman , Liam J. Murphy , Stephen C. Clement , Paul Moore , C. Keith Bowering , Rosa Hendler , Shu-Ping Lan , and William T. Cefalu Meta-Analysis: Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled Insulin Therapy in Adults with Diabetes Mellitus Lisa Ceglia , Joseph Lau , and Anastassios G. Pittas Effect of Inhaled Insulin on Fasting and Postprandial Plasma Glucose Nasser E. Mikhail , Soma Wali , and Dennis Cope Metrics 5 June 2007Volume 146, Issue 11Page: 821-822KeywordsAttentionBloodBlood plasmaConflicts of interestGlucoseHemoglobinHyperglycemiaInsulinNutritionStatistical data ePublished: 5 June 2007 Issue Published: 5 June 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...