tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On the Role of Sexual Behavior in the Spread of Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: WOLF SZMUNESS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

There is a significant excess of serologic evidence of hepatitis type B infection in two high-promiscuity populations: patients with venereal diseases and their unrelated sexual contacts (15% to 18%) and male, but not female, homosexuals (37% to 51%). Spouses of asymptomatic chronic carriers of antigen had a higher prevalence (26% to 28%) than spouses of noncarriers (10% to 11%); however, the prevalence in the former is relatively low when compared with rates seen in other relatives of carriers. Persons who had a higher-than-average probability of exposure to potentially infective partners or whose patterns of sexual behavior made such exposure more likely (large numbers of sexual partners, long duration of homosexuality, involvement in predominantly anal intercourse) were found to have serologic evidence of hepatitis B more frequently than those with other patterns of sexual behavior. This study showed a strong association between serologic evidence of type B hepatitis and patterns of sexual behavior. However, whether or not transmission of hepatitis type B virus occurs through vaginal intercourse could not be ascertained.
How do we set the records straight?
Authors: Paul Robinson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

I n the United Kingdom there are plans to make elements of patients' electronic health records available to any practitioner with “a legitimate care relationship” anywhere in the country. There is justifiable unease about confidentiality and consent in this new environment. Will patients understand what is happening to information about them, and will that information be secure?

Another cause for concern, which is perhaps even more fundamental, has to do with how a medical record's context contributes to its meaning.

Half of general practices in the United Kingdom are now minimising their use of paper, with routine record keeping being done on computer rather than on the traditional record card. While appreciating the greater accessibility of information in a computerised record, many GPs still miss the feeling that, just by holding a records envelope in their hand, all sorts of knowledge will seep into their brains. Thickness, weight, state of repair, handwriting, and wee diagrams all contribute. Why can't electronic records carry more of this context?

> What GPs think of as useful …
The Encyclopedia of Mental Health
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The widespread desire to know something about health and disease has encouraged the publication, over a period of many years, of numerous popular books which provide the general public with information about the body, its disorders, and its care. Increasing awareness of the varieties of mental disorders, and the growing respectability of psychiatric illness and treatment, have led to a corresponding production of magazine articles and popular books about mental health. This trend has perhaps reached a new high in the recent publication of a six-volume encyclopedia. Albert Deutsch, well-known for his popular writing and his crusading on behalf of the mentally ill, was selected as editor in chief of this ambitious project. Before his sudden death in 1961 he had succeeded in preparing an outline and had selected many contributors. Helen Fishman, as executive editor, completed the work with the guidance of a board of 11 distinguished consultants. One
New criteria for diagnosing SLE
Authors: Harriet Page
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In a report concerned with diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Eng M. Tan, MD, head of the Division of Rheumatic Diseases at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, presented the proposed 1982 revision of preliminary 1971 criteria for classification of the disease. Speaking for himself and eight co-investigators from various areas of the country, Tan said that the revision incorporates new information about SLE from serological and immunopathological studies, increases sensitivity (the ability to detect sick persons), and improves or retains specificity (the ability to rule out well persons). He added that the criteria, revised at the request of the American Rheumatism Association in 1979, emerged from a study incorporating data on more than 340 SLE patients and control subjects (patients with other forms of arthritis). Each SLE patient was paired with the next age-, sex-, and racially matched patient with an inflammatory rheumatic disease who
Myocardial Blood Flow in Man as Measured by a Coincidence Counting System and a Single Bolus of <sup>84</sup> RbCl
Authors: SUZANNE B. KNOEBEL, PAUL L. MCHENRY, LEON STEIN, AHMET SONEL
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Utilizing a coincidence counting system for the measurement of myocardial uptake of an 84-rubidium indicator, resting coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured in 33 normal subjects. The average CBF was 269 ± 61 ml/min/total heart. This represented 5.2 ± 1.6% of the simultaneous cardiac output. Fourteen normal subjects had resting and exercising CBF measurements. The change in CBF with exercise was statistically significant (0.005 &gt; P &gt; 0.001). The characteristics of the method are discussed in relationship to possible clinical applications for the measurement of CBF.
Cross-sectional echocardiography. II. Analysis of mathematic models for quantifying volume of the formalin-fixed left ventricle.
Authors: H L Wyatt, M K Heng, S Meerbaum, P Gueret, J Hestenes, E Dula, E Corday
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Cross-sectional echocardiography was used to quantify volume in 21 canine left ventricles that were fixed in formalin and immersed in mineral oil. Area, length and diameter measurements were obtained from short- and long-axis cross-sectional images of the left ventricle and volume was calculated by seven mathematic models. Calculated volume was then compared, by linear regression and percent error analyses, with fluid volume of the left ventricle, obtained by filling the chamber with a known amount of fluid. Volumes ranged from 13-146 ml. Mathematic models using short-axis area and long-axis length gave higher correlation coefficients (r = 0.982 and r = 0.969) and lower mean errors (10-20%) than standard formulas previously used for M-mode echo and angiography. Thus, short-axis area analysis with cross-sectional echocardiography is well-suited for quantifying left ventricular volumes in dogs.
Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy in Patient with “Local Allergic Rhinitis” Sensitized to Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus
Authors: Carmen Rondon, Paloma Campo, Natalia Blanca-López, Maria Del Carmen Plaza Seron, Francisca Gómez, Maria Dolores Ruiz, Maria J. Torres, Miguel Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
Transformation of myeloma into Ph<sup>1</sup>‐negative CML with plasma cell antigens
Authors: Elisabeth Paletta, Mervyn Goldstein, Peter Papenhausen, Niculae Ciobanu, Peter H. Wiernik
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract We report a patient in whom Ph 1 ‐negative chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) developed 15 years after the diagnosis of myeloma. Combined staining of morphologically myeloid elements in the peripheral blood for myeloid and plasmacytoid antigens revealed double‐marker expression, suggesting that the two neoplasms arose from a common originator cell.
Abstract 5327: Using CellMiner for gene expression, DNA copy number, microRNA transcript levels, variant status, drug activity, and their integration for systems pharmacology for the NCI-60
Authors: William C. Reinhold, Margot Sunshine, Sudir Varma, Joel Morris, Kurt Kohn, James Doroshow, Yves Pommier
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Molecular biology and pharmacology are being transformed by high-throughput data. Access, and integration of this data, however, remains difficult. The NCI-60 cancerous cell lines are arguably the premier model for data integration and systems pharmacology. To make this data accessible for both bioinformaticists and non-bioinformaticists, we have developed the CellMiner set of web-based tools (http://discover.nci.nih.gov/cellminer). These tools currently or in the near future will provide “Cell line signatures” for gene and microRNA transcript expression, DNA copy number variation, genetic variation, and drug or compound activity. This data includes relative levels of transcript expression for 26,065 genes, 360 microRNAs, activities of 19,940 compounds including 110 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and 53 in clinical trial drugs, and percent conversions of 16,381 genetic variants (both germline and somatic). Current or upcoming tools facilitating the combination of this data include i) “Pattern comparison”, which provides correlations to a users input pattern to transcript and microRNA expression and compound/drug activity, ii) “Cross correlation”, which provides all correlations between up to 150 input genes, microRNAs, and compounds or drugs, iii) “Genetic variation versus drug visualization”, which provides a rapid visualization of potential drug: gene DNA variant relationships, and iv) “Genetic variant summation”, which provides a synopsis of mutational burden on any pathway of interest for up to 150 genes. These tools allow the user to flexibly query the data for potential relationships between molecular and pharmacological parameters, in a manner specific to that users area of expertise and interest. Citation Format: William C. Reinhold, Margot Sunshine, Sudir Varma, Joel Morris, Kurt Kohn, James Doroshow, Yves Pommier. Using CellMiner for gene expression, DNA copy number, microRNA transcript levels, variant status, drug activity, and their integration for systems pharmacology for the NCI-60. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5327. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5327
Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors in Adults with Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Diederik van de Beek, Jan de Gans, Lodewijk Spanjaard, Martijn Weisfelt, Johannes B. Reitsma, Marinus Vermeulen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

We conducted a nationwide study in the Netherlands to determine clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with community-acquired acute bacterial meningitis.
Recruiting for Medicine
Authors: James H. Thorpe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 December 1989Recruiting for MedicineJames H. Thorpe, MDJames H. Thorpe, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-12-1046_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Drs. Geokas and Branson (1) have presented a practical approach to premedical counseling and preparation; however, they are evidently not aware of a related, older effort going on in their own back yard. The program, termed "Health Sciences Practicum," is held in a local resource they did not discuss, the community teaching hospital, and has proved to be valuable for preparing and providing career guidance to pre-health science candidates.The program began 20 years ago; it arose from discussions with premedical clubs at the University of California, Davis, and took shape with the advent of a medical...References1. GeokasBranson MB. Recruiting students for medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:433-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Avellino A. So You Want to Be a Doctor? New York: Carlton Press; 1988. Google Scholar3. Corder B. Preparing for Medical School. Tempe, Arizona: Ambleside Publishers; 1983. Google Scholar1. GeokasBranson MB. Recruiting students for medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1989;111:433-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ReamesDunstone HD. Professional satisfaction of physicians. Arch Intern Med. 1989;149:1951-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. JonasEtzel HS. Undergraduate Medical Education. JAMA. 1988;260:1063-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Vanselow N ed. Council on Graduate Medical Education. First Report to the Council. v. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1988:13-9. Google Scholar5. Schroeder S. Western European responses to physician oversupply. lessons for the United States. JAMA. 1984;252:373-84. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James H. Thorpe, MDAffiliations: California Medical Review San Francisco, CA 94105 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1989Volume 111, Issue 12Page: 1046-1047 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 December 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pulmonary Veno-occlusive Disease
Authors: JESS MANDEL, EUGENE J. MARK, CHARLES A. HALES
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a rare and highly lethal disorder of the pulmonary vasculature. In contrast to the insights into pathophysiology and management that have characterized the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH; formerly known as primary pulmonary hypertension) over the past decade, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PVOD are incompletely understood, the clinical diagnosis is notoriously difficult, and therapy is largely unsatisfactory. Historically, what is now called PVOD has been variably termed “isolated pulmonary venous sclerosis,” “obstructive disease of the pulmonary veins,” or “the venous form of primary pulmonary hypertension.” Over the past decade, “pulmonary obstructive venopathy” has been proposed as a more accurate alternative description, but this phrase has not been adopted into wide clinical use. It is important to note that PVOD is completely distinct from stenosis of one or more of the four main pulmonary veins. Stenosis of these large pulmonary veins is primarily a result of congenital malformation, but may also develop as a complication following cardiothoracic surgery. In addition, large-vessel pulmonary venous stenosis has been increasingly reported as a complication following radio-frequency ablation for atrial fibrillation or other dysrhythmias.
Serendipitous Scintigraphic Detection of Asymptomatic Anastomotic Pseudoaneurysms in Human Pancreatic Allografts
Authors: JOHN G. BUCKLEY, ERICA A. GEORGE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Two cases of scintigraphically detected asymptomatic graft anastomotic pseudoaneurysms are reported. Both patients previously underwent simultaneous renal and pancreatic transplantation. The role of imaging in the diagnosis of this relatively rare, but potentially lethal, vascular complication of pancreatic transplantation is discussed. This is the first report of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms in pancreatic transplants being diagnosed by scintigraphy.
Effect of lack of noradrenaline on myocardial oxygen consumption in denervated dog hearts
Authors: R. G BUTCHER, A. J DRAKE-HOLLAND, R. B WANLESS, D. E PAPADOYANNIS, M. I M NOBLE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

Surgical cardiac denervation was carried out in dogs under halothane anaesthesia. In a paired experimental design control biopsy specimens were obtained before surgical denervation. The dogs were allowed to recover and three weeks to elapse before the second biopsy specimen was taken. Both right and left ventricular specimens had higher in vitro oxygen consumption after denervation than before. Other specimens were immediately cooled in hexane at -60°C and stored under liquid nitrogen until analysed. Succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activities were then measured histochemically in sequential 10 or 12 μm sections. There was no significant difference between the enzyme activities measured before or after cardiac denervation (succinate dehydrogenase 20.3(6.3) before, 19.4(4.02) pmol·H2·cm−2·s1 after; cytochrome oxidase 223(73.4) before, 263(61.6) (measured as extinction coefficient) after). Thus the changes in oxygen consumption in the chronically denervated dog heart are not due to any lack of these mitochondrial enzymes.
Efficacy of nebulised liposomal amphotericin B in the attack and maintenance treatment of ABPA: Figure 1–
Authors: Cendrine Godet, Jean-Claude Meurice, France Roblot, Catherine Kauffmann-Lacroix, Marion Verdaguer, Jean-Pierre Frat, Jacques Cadranel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

To the Editors:

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a pulmonary disorder that results from a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus spp. It has been estimated to occur in 1–3% of people with chronic asthma and 2–15% of those with cystic fibrosis [1]. The natural history of ABPA is characterised by exacerbations that can threaten the patient’s survival and prognosis [1]. Repetition of such exacerbations is responsible for the development of bronchiectasis, permanent obstructive ventilation defect or fibrotic lung lesions. Prognosis mainly depends on the very early treatment of exacerbations before bronchiectasis sets in. In 2008, the guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America advised combination therapy in ABPA [2]: systemic glucocorticoids to limit the inflammatory component and antifungals to limit mycelium proliferation. However, even though glucocorticoid therapy and antifungals are the treatment of choice for acute-stage ABPA and exacerbations, there are no data to guide the duration of this treatment. Therefore, the current objectives for the management of ABPA are a decrease in the frequency and duration of exacerbations, and a limited solicitation of glucocorticoids. Consequently, the maintenance treatment in the management of ABPA remains a current and progressive problem for pneumologists.

We describe a case of ABPA that was difficult to control using the standard treatment regimen, but which improved dramatically and durably following administration of nebulised liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB).

In May 2010, a 67-yr-old female presented with fever and productive cough, with sputum plugs and a history of epilepsy treated with phenobarbital. In the preceding 3 months, she had presented recurrent chest infections resistant to amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin; glucocorticoids (1 mg·kg−1·day …
Abstract LB-81: Autophagic degradation of BCR/ABL by arsenic trioxide and the role of cysteine cathepsins
Authors: Dennis Goussetis, Elias Gounaris, Edward J. Wu, Eliza Vakana, Bhumika Sharma, Jessica K. Altman, Leonidas C. Platanais, Matthew Bogyo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Autophagy is increasingly an area of high potential therapeutic interest in hematopoietic malignancies, but its precise involvement in the control of leukemic cell growth and survival remain to be defined. We provide evidence that arsenic trioxide (As2O3) targets the BCR-ABL oncoprotein for degradation via autophagy, involving the p62/SQSTM1 and the protease cathepsin B. Utilizing either florescence probes or gold-conjugate antibodies we show co-localization of BCR-ABL and p62/SQSTM1 in autolysosomes. Also, by drug inhibition of either autophagy or cathepsin B, or by molecularly targeting p62/SQSMT1, Atg7 or cathepsin B, we documented reversal of the suppressive effect of As2O3 on BCR-ABL expressing cells, including primitive leukemic precursors from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. Altogether, our data indicate that autophagy-induced degradation of BCR-ABL is critical for the generation of As2O3 antileukemic effects. These results raise the potential of targeting the autophagic machinery to enhance the antileukemic properties of arsenic trioxide on leukemia initiating stem cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-81. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-81
Eva Marianne Diamond (nee Bobasch)
Authors: M. Marrone
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Eva Marianne Diamond (nee Bobasch) was born in Prague on 24 May 1926 and died in London on 31 January 2009. In the spring and summer of 1939, before war broke out, three trainloads of Jewish children—the Kindertransport—were able to escape from Nazi German-occupied Prague and come to safety in Britain thanks to the concerted efforts of several organisations. Eva was one of these children. She was 13 at the time. Subsequently, she went to Emslie boarding school for the daughters of clergymen and later she studied medicine at Edinburgh University. This was a remarkable achievement for a …
Preparedness Key to Combating Potential Pandemic Resulting From Any New Influenza Strain
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

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Hypocholesteremic Effect of 17 α-Methyltestosterone in Dogs
Authors: Liese L. Abell, Erwin H. Mosbach, Forrest E. Kendall
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

It has been confirmed that the oral administration of 17 α-methyltestosterone lowers the serum cholesterol concentrations of dogs fed a stock diet containing 3 Gm. of fat and 22 mg. of cholesterol per 100 Gm. The elevated serum cholesterol levels of cholesterol-fed euthyroid dogs, and of hypothyroid dogs fed a high fat diet, were significantly lowered by the oral administration of 17 α-methyltestosterone. The hypocholesteremic effect of 17 α-methyltestosterone was also observed in dogs maintained on a high fat-low cholesterol diet, but not on the same high fat diet supplemented with 1.5 per cent cholesterol. When 17 α-methyltestosterone was given by intramuscular injection in the same dosage as used for oral administration, the hypocholesteremic effect was more rapid and pronounced than that seen following oral administration; 17 α-methyltestosterone consistently lowered the cholesterol content of the α-lipoprotein fraction. Its effect on the β-fraction depended upon the composition of the diet.
Journal responds to charges of inadequate consent in SUPPORT study
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In a signed editorial posted online 17 April, three editors of the New England Journal of Medicine have responded to the findings of a federal watchdog agency that parents were not given adequate consent in a trial involving premature newborns that was reported in the journal in 2010.1 2

The research, which was overseen by the Neonatal Research Network, was a part of the influential Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Oxygenation Randomized Trial (SUPPORT) that looked at the use of oxygen therapy, continuous positive airway pressure, and surfactant in extremely premature infants.3

In a determination outlined in a letter on 7 March, the US Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) concluded that investigators conducting a part of the study that sought to determine optimum arterial …