tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated with Pregnancy
Authors: Arie Roth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Purpose: To review available information on the epidemiology, cause, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy or in the early postpartum period and to develop guidelines for the management of this condition. Data Sources: MEDLINE and Index Medicus searches and a manual search of bibliographies from reviewed articles. Study Selection: Published reports of well-documented acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy or the early postpartum period or potentially relevant information. Data Extraction: 125 well-documented cases of myocardial infarction were identified. Data Synthesis: The highest incidence seems to occur in the third trimester and in multigravidas older than 33 years of age. Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy is most commonly located in the anterior wall. The maternal death rate was 21%; death occurred most often at the time of acute myocardial infarction or within 2 weeks of the infarction and was usually related to labor and delivery. Most fetal deaths were associated with maternal deaths. Coronary artery morphology was studied in 54% of described patients. Coronary atherosclerosis with or without intracoronary thrombus was found in 43% of patients, coronary thrombus without atherosclerotic disease in 21%, coronary dissection in 16%, and normal coronary arteries in 29%. Conclusions: Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy or the early postpartum period is rare but may be associated with high risk. Although atherosclerosis can be documented in many cases, coronary dissection and arteries that are normal on angiography are common, especially in acute myocardial infarction occurring in the peripartum or postpartum period. Early diagnosis is often hindered by the normal changes of pregnancy and low level of suspicion. Management should follow the usual principles of care for acute myocardial infarction. However, selection of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches may be greatly influenced by fetal safety.
Neuroprotective efficacy of ABCA1 and HDL in aging rats with cerebrovascular hypoperfusion
Authors: Linhui Wang, Mingyuan Tian, Gang Yu, Hongchi Luo, Yu Li
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Result The levels of serum HDL and TC increased at 2 weeks post-surgery compared with sham-operated group (P 0.05). The expression of ABCA1 reached to the peak at 3 weeks (P<0.01). At 4 weeks, the expression of ABCA1 began to decrease, it showed significant different compared with sham-operated (P<0.01).
Hyaluronan Contributes to Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome and Stimulates Lung Allograft Rejection through Activation of Innate Immunity
Authors: Jamie L. Todd, Xingan Wang, Seichiro Sugimoto, Vanessa E. Kennedy, Helen L. Zhang, Elizabeth N. Pavlisko, Fran L. Kelly, Howard Huang, Daniel Kreisel, Scott M. Palmer, Andrew E. Gelman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Rationale: Although innate immunity is increasingly recognized to contribute to lung allograft rejection, the significance of endogenous innate ligands, such as hyaluronan (HA) fragments, in clinical or experimental lung transplantation is uncertain.Objectives: To determine if HA is associated with clinical bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) in lung transplant recipients, and evaluate the effect of low- or high-molecular-weight HA on experimental lung allograft rejection, including dependence on innate signaling pathways or effector cells.Methods: HA concentrations were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage and plasma samples from lung recipients with or without established BOS. BOS and normal lung tissues were assessed for HA localization and expression of HA synthases. Murine orthotopic lung recipients with established tolerance were treated with low- or high-molecular-weight HA under varied experimental conditions, including Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/4 and myeloid differentiation protein 88 deficiency and neutrophil depletion.Measurements and Main Results: HA localized within areas of intraluminal small airways fibrosis in BOS lung tissue. Moreover, transcripts for HA synthase enzymes were significantly elevated in BOS versus normal lung tissues and both lavage fluid and plasma HA concentrations were increased in recipients with BOS. Treatment with low-molecular-weight HA abrogated tolerance in murine orthotopic lung recipients in a TLR2/4- and myeloid differentiation protein 88–dependent fashion and drove expansion of alloantigen-specific T lymphocytes. Additionally, TLR-dependent signals stimulated neutrophilia that promoted rejection. In contrast, high-molecular-weight HA attenuated basal allograft inflammation.Conclusions: These data suggest that accumulation of HA could contribute to BOS by directly activating innate immune signaling pathways that promote allograft rejection and neutrophilia.
Role of Vitamin D Receptor in the Antiproliferative Effects of Calcitriol in Tumor-Derived Endothelial Cells and Tumor Angiogenesis <i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Ivy Chung, Guangzhou Han, Mukund Seshadri, Bryan M. Gillard, Wei-dong Yu, Barbara A. Foster, Donald L. Trump, Candace S. Johnson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol), the major active form of vitamin D, is antiproliferative in tumor cells and tumor-derived endothelial cells (TDEC). These actions of calcitriol are mediated at least in part by vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is expressed in many tissues including endothelial cells. To investigate the role of VDR in calcitriol effects on tumor vasculature, we established TRAMP-2 tumors subcutaneously into either VDR wild-type (WT) or knockout (KO) mice. Within 30 days post-inoculation, tumors in KO mice were larger than those in WT (P < 0.001). TDEC from WT expressed VDR and were able to transactivate a reporter gene whereas TDEC from KO mice were not. Treatment with calcitriol resulted in growth inhibition in TDEC expressing VDR. However, TDEC from KO mice were relatively resistant, suggesting that calcitriol-mediated growth inhibition on TDEC is VDR-dependent. Further analysis of the TRAMP-C2 tumor sections revealed that the vessels in KO mice were enlarged and had less pericyte coverage compared with WT (P < 0.001). Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed an increase in vascular volume of TRAMP tumors grown in VDR KO mice compared with WT mice (P < 0.001) and FITC-dextran permeability assay suggested a higher extent of vascular leakage in tumors from KO mice. Using ELISA and Western blot analysis, there was an increase of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin 1, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB levels observed in tumors from KO mice. These results indicate that calcitriol-mediated antiproliferative effects on TDEC are VDR-dependent and loss of VDR can lead to abnormal tumor angiogenesis.
The nursing profession's coming of age: Plus ça change
Authors: Memo G S Spathis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The nursing profession's coming of age The end of medicine as a professionEditor-Young describes the coming of age of the nursing profession. 1 All professions and occupations are human creations and therefore are subject to change.With the widening of roles of many professions, it becomes harder to define what a doctor can do that can't be done by an appropriately trained member of another profession.Perhaps major surgery and certifying cause of death are all that remains.With the increasing difficulty of getting junior doctors to do anything that may be regarded as work (rather than education) we doctors may be engineering the abolition of our profession, and we may move from distinct professions to practitioners from varied backgrounds being trained for a particular function.
A New Year and a New Liaison
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Tatjana Sivik
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

Editorials| December 07 2001 A New Year and a New Liaison Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Giovanni A. Fava; Giovanni A. Fava Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Tatjana Sivik Tatjana Sivik Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (2002) 71 (1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1159/000049337 Article history Published Online: December 07 2001 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Giovanni A. Fava, Tatjana Sivik; A New Year and a New Liaison. Psychother Psychosom 1 February 2002; 71 (1): 1. https://doi.org/10.1159/000049337 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 2001Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Correlation of sensitizing capacity and T-cell recognition within the Bet v 1 family
Authors: Claudia Kitzmüller, Nora Zulehner, Anargyros Roulias, Peter Briza, Fatima Ferreira, Ingrid Faé, Gottfried F. Fischer, Barbara Bohle
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)

BackgroundBet v 1 is the main sensitizing allergen in birch pollen. Like many other major allergens, it contains an immunodominant T cell–activating region (Bet v 1142-156). Api g 1, the Bet v 1 homolog in celery, lacks the ability to sensitize and is devoid of major T-cell epitopes.ObjectiveWe analyzed the T-cell epitopes of Mal d 1, the nonsensitizing Bet v 1 homolog in apple, and assessed possible differences in uptake and antigen processing of Bet v 1, Api g 1, and Mal d 1.MethodsFor epitope mapping, Mal d 1–specific T-cell lines were stimulated with overlapping synthetic 12-mer peptides. The surface binding, internalization, and intracellular degradation of Bet v 1, Api g 1, and Mal d 1 by antigen-presenting cells were compared by using flow cytometry. All proteins were digested with endolysosomal extracts, and the resulting peptides were identified by means of mass spectrometry. The binding of Bet v 1142-156 and the homologous region in Mal d 1 by HLA class II molecules was analyzed in silico.ResultsLike Api g 1, Mal d 1 lacked dominant T-cell epitopes. The degree of surface binding and the kinetics of uptake and endolysosomal degradation of Bet v 1, Api g 1, and Mal d 1 were comparable. Endolysosomal degradation of Bet v 1 and Mal d 1 resulted in very similar fragments. The Bet v 1142-156 and Mal d 1141-155 regions showed no striking difference in their binding affinities to the most frequent HLA-DR alleles.ConclusionThe sensitizing activity of different Bet v 1 homologs correlates with the presence of immunodominant T-cell epitopes. However, the presence of Bet v 1142-156 is not conferred by differential antigen processing.
Longevity and carrying the C282Y mutation for haemochromatosis on the HFE gene: case control study of 492 French centenarians
Authors: H. Coppin
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Hereditary haemochromatosis is a common autosomal recessive disorder of iron metabolism. Most patients are homozygous for a C282Y mutation in the HFE gene. This mutation is frequent in northern Europe, where one in five to ten people are carriers. People who are heterozygous for the C282Y mutation have slightly but significantly higher values for serum iron and transferrin saturation and are less likely to have anaemia because of iron deficiency.1 2

Iron promotes the generation of free radicals, which leads to mutagenesis, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and bacterial growth. Therefore, genotypes that increase the concentrations of iron for transport and storage may be associated with an increased risk for common diseases, such as cancers and cardiovascular diseases, and for inflammatory and infectious conditions. Other studies, which investigated the associations of C282Y heterozygosity with morbidity, found conflicting …
The Socioeconomics of Heroin Dependency
Authors: Barry Stimmel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract The present production and sale of heroin is an enterprise with gross profits that rivals many industries. Ten kilograms of opium grown in Asia and sold at $25 per kilogram will produce 1 kg of uncut heroin worth $20,000 in the United States. The ultimate aggregate worth of the same kilogram of heroin may be as much as $400,000. The cost of heroin dependency to the general population has been estimated at over three billion dollars annually. The toll to the individual user is also prohibitive, with heroin being the leading cause of mortality in New York City of men in their 20's. Factors to be considered in the economic aspects of this problem include restriction of opium cultivation, prevention of heroin production and importation, elimination of the illegality associated with heroin use, and altering the demand for heroin.
Functional and Morphologic Imaging of Bilateral Chronic Avascular Necrosis of the Talus
Authors: Filip Gemmel, Beatrix Maeyaert, Kristof Ramboer, Francis Osaer, Roger Crombez
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A 60-year-old woman suffered from bilateral ankle pain for 6 months. The pain only occurred with walking. In her medical history, she was known to have old Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. There was no trauma or surgery to the ankles in the past or a history of gout, steroid use, or alcohol abuse. Physical examination revealed no swelling of the ankles with preserved mobility. On different imaging modalities, intraosseous sequelae of avascular necrosis were depicted. Because the complaints were tolerable, conservative management with weight-bearing rest was preferred.
Leptin stimulates the proliferation of human colon cancer cells in vitro but does not promote the growth of colon cancer xenografts in nude mice or intestinal tumorigenesis in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: T Aparicio
Journal: Gut (2005)

<b>Background and aims:</b> Leptin, the product of the <i>ob</i> gene, has been suggested to increase the risk of colon cancer. However, we have shown that although leptin stimulates epithelial cell proliferation it reduces the development of carcinogen induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat colon. Here, we explored the effect of leptin in vitro on proliferation of human colon cancer cells, and in vivo on the growth of HT-29 xenografts in nude mice and the development of intestinal tumours in <i>Apc<sup>Min</sup></i><sup>/+</sup> mice. <b>Methods:</b> Proliferation of HT-29, LoVo, Caco2, and SW 480 cells was assessed in the absence or presence of leptin (20–500 ng/ml) by <sup>3</sup>H-thymidine incorporation and cell count. Leptin (800 µg/kg/day) or its vehicle was delivered for four weeks to nude mice, inoculated with HT-29 cells on day 0, and for six weeks to <i>Apc<sup>Min</sup></i><sup>/+</sup> mice. <b>Results:</b> Leptin dose dependently stimulated cell DNA synthesis and growth in all cell lines. In nude mice, leptin caused a 4.3-fold increase in plasma leptin levels compared with pair fed controls. This hyperleptinaemia, despite leptin receptor expression in tumours, did not induce significant variation in tumour volume or weight. Tumour Ki-67 index was even inhibited. In leptin treated <i>Apc<sup>Min</sup></i><sup>/+</sup> mice, a 2.4-fold increase in plasma leptin levels did not modify the number, size, or distribution of intestinal adenomas compared with pair fed controls. <b>Conclusions:</b> Leptin acts as a growth factor on colon cancer cells in vitro but does not promote tumour growth in vivo in the two models tested. These findings do not support a pivotal role for hyperleptinaemia in intestinal carcinogenesis.
Epstein-Barr virus susceptibility of normal human B lymphocyte populations.
Authors: P Aman, B Ehlin-Henriksson, G Klein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

Human blood and tonsil B lymphocytes were fractionated on density gradients and tested for virus binding and penetration into the cells. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) transformation was detected by immunofluorescence staining for EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). EBV bound to and penetrated all B cell populations, but only the high density populations were transformed. Activated B lymphocytes were found in the low density fractions and these cells were resistant to EBV infection. Infected and noninfected B lymphocytes were density-analyzed during in vitro culture. A spontaneous, not virus-induced, density decrease was found to precede the production of EBNA. Cells remaining at high density never expressed EBNA. The results suggest that EBV can transform only small resting B lymphocytes and that a virus-independent activation of the infected cells induces the EBNA production and transformation.
The NHS benefits from doctors working abroad
Authors: C. Abell, S. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1995)

“Go for yourself by all means, but surely you are not going to pretend that it will be of any use to the NHS?” The reaction from a consultant friend stopped us in our tracks. By applying for prolonged study leave, arguing that six months' voluntary work in India would have beneficial effects on the practice in which we are jobsharing general practitioners, we were definitely striving to impress, but we were convinced that our proposed trip was more than an extended escape from the stresses of general practice. Our friend's scepticism immediately corroded our confidence; what could we possibly gain that would help us to contribute more positively and effectively to the NHS? India has a different culture with different problems and different solutions, inapplicable to general practice in an English market town. Be honest, ran his argument: we needed a break, and our proposals, dressed up in fancy phrases, were a cynical scheme to get the Department of Health to fund it. This opinion was shared by a significant minority of colleagues but not by the department, which approved our application and paid, to the tune of £12000, for either six months' holiday or a unique and extended learning opportunity.

After 10 years in an ordinary, medium sized practice in an ordinary, medium sized town with ordinary, medium sized patients, we needed the holiday. As energetic new partners we had seen ourselves as astute, up …
The Pathogenesis of Renal Insufficiency
Authors: Stanley E. Bradley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

Acute InfectionsRenal blood flow increases strikingly during fever induced by the administration of a foreign protein (the so-called "pyrogenic reaction"), apparently as the result of efferent arteriolar vasodilatation.74 The systemic circuit is likewise profoundly affected.75 76 77 Peripheral vascular resistance decreases, whereas the cardiac output increases and maintains the blood pressure. This balance, however, may fail, probably as a result of a failure of cardiac output to compensate completely for the reduction of peripheral resistance, and circulatory collapse ensues. Studies of renal function have never been made in this phase of the pyrogenic reaction, and it is not known whether renal . . .
Interactive alignment: Priming or memory retrieval?
Authors: Michael Kaschak, Arthur Glenberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Pickering & Garrod's (P&G's) interactive alignment model explains the existence of alignment between speakers via an automatic priming mechanism. We propose that it may be preferable to explain alignment through processes of memory retrieval. Our discussion highlights how memory retrieval can produce the same results as the priming mechanism and presents data that favor the memory-based view.
Hypertension and Lead Exposure
Authors: John H. Glaser
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Hu and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report a correlation between lead levels and hypertension. It is well known that the lower socioeconomic groups suffer poorer health than the higher socioeconomic groups. And it would be expected that children in lower socioeconomic groups would be more likely to have been exposed to lead (eg, ingestion of peeling paint indoors, absorption of paint dust from sandblasting nearby bridges) than would children from higher socioeconomic groups. For this reason, it would be surprising not to find a correlation between health problems and lead levels. It would be of interest if an additional variable representing the socioeconomic group of the subjects' families (when the subjects were children) was included in the analysis. Would there still be a significant correlation of health problems with lead level? Another variable that could be considered is the subjects' occupation: painters and plumbers, with higher than average
POSTOPERATIVE RENAL INFECTION
Authors: HENRY DAWSON FURNISS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

For instance, we have hud about two thousand cases of small pox in the last two years; we have had probably about 1,100 cases of measles since Jan. 1, 1913.None of the so-called registration area states report anything like that number, We have also had cerebrospinal meningitis.We should have better reports of morbidity statistics made to a central office.Dn. Liston H. Montgomery, Chicago!I can conceive of a case in which an adult contracts scarlet fever and the malady is so diagnosed by a reputable physician.For obvious reasons, he is dismissed from the caso.Another equally reputable physician is called ¡nul fails to confirm the diagnosis.In the course of a few days, children in that family may become ill with scarlet fever and the second physician treats those chil- dren for scarlet lever.The question is, did the first person in that family, the adult person, have scarlet fever, or not?No other source of contagion was traced.