tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fish and Shellfish Poisoning
Authors: James M. Hughes, Michael H. Merson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Vertebrate fish containing toxins capable of causing human illness are divided into three categories based on the location of the toxin.1 Ichthyosarcotoxic fish contain toxin in their musculature, viscera, skin or mucus and are responsible for most cases of fish poisoning. Ichthyo-otoxic fish have toxin in their gonads, and ichthyohemotoxic fish contain toxin in their blood; poisoning due to these fish is relatively rare. Of the nine types of ichthyosarcotoxism, ciguatera, scombroid and puffer-fish poisoning (tetrodotoxism) are the most common worldwide.Shellfish may cause paralysis (paralytic shellfish poisoning) if they contain toxin derived from the dinoflagellates Gonyaulax catenella or Go. . . .
Alcohol consumption limits should be lowered for over 65s, say psychiatrists
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Government guidelines on safe limits for drinking should be lowered for people aged over 65 years to 1.5 units a day for men and 1 unit a day for women, the Royal College of Psychiatrists recommends.

Our Invisible Addicts , written by the college’s working group on older people’s substance misuse, says that physiological and metabolic changes associated with ageing mean that the current safe limits are too high for elderly people. It says that binge drinking should be defined for this age group as more than 4.5 units in a single session for men and more than 3 units for women.

Launching the report, Tony Rao, consultant in old age psychiatry at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, said, “For a given volume …
Relapsing Group B Streptococcal Infection
Authors: Moustefa Awayda
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 August 1996Relapsing Group B Streptococcal InfectionMoustefa Awayda, MD, Sumit Kumar, MD, and Naomi Rappaport, MDMoustefa Awayda, MDState University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY 13210Search for more papers by this author, Sumit Kumar, MDState University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY 13210Search for more papers by this author, and Naomi Rappaport, MDState University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY 13210Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We read with interest the article by Harrison and colleagues [1] describing relapsing group B streptococcal infection. We report a case of recurrent bacteremia in a patient with humoral immunodeficiency.A 73-year-old woman with diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and penicillin allergy was hospitalized three times in 4 months with recurrent group B streptococcal bacteremia. She initially presented with fever and bronchitis, and blood cultures done at that time grew group B streptococci. She received cephalosporins for 10 days and 5 weeks later presented with fever and cellulitis of the left leg. A blood culture grew ...References1. Harrison LH, Ali A, Dwyer DM, Libonati JP, Reeves MW, Elliott JA, et al. Relapsing invasive group B streptococcal infection in adults. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:421-7. Google Scholar2. Edwards MS, Baker CJ. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus). In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Mandell, Douglas and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 4th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1995:1835-45. Google Scholar3. Sneller MC. Clinical spectrum of common variable immunodeficiency. In: Sneller MC, moderator. New insights into common variable immunodeficiency. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:720-30. Google Scholar4. Jackson LA, Hildson RA, Farley MM, Harrison LH, Reingold AL, Plikaytis BD, et al. Risk factors for group B streptococcal disease in adults. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:415-20. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, NY 13210 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1996Volume 125, Issue 4Page: 350KeywordsBacteremiaBloodCellulitisFeversGroup A streptococciImmunodeficienciesStreptococcal infectionsUrineVaginaVancomycin Issue Published: 15 August 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Inhibitor of histone deacetylation, depsipeptide (FR901228), in the treatment of peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Richard L. Piekarz, Rob Robey, Victor Sandor, Susan Bakke, Wyndham H. Wilson, Laila Dahmoush, Douglas M. Kingma, Maria L. Turner, Rosemary Altemus, Susan E. Bates
Journal: Blood (2001)
P5-13-03: Correlation of Clinical and Molecular Findings with Pathologic Response to Preoperative Lapatinib and Trastuzumab, Separately or in Combination, Prior to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for HER2 Positive Breast Cancer.
Authors: FA Holmes, V Espina, LA Liotta, JC Chang, YX Nagarwala, M Danso, K McIntyre, CR Osborne, LK Krekow, RC Gagnon, JM Mahoney, JA O'Shaughnessy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background 15% of curative HER2−positive patients (pts) treated with standard trastuzumab (T)-based chemotherapy regimens recur. Our prior report (ASCO 2011 #506 using only data from paired samples N=49) identified major pathways of resistance: autophagy, stem cell, extracellular matrix, and phospho epitopes on FOXO, STAT5, EGFR. Aim: To collect proteomic and microarray data from baseline biopsies and identify molecular correlates of pathologic complete response (pCR). Methods: Randomized, open label, phase II. Eligibility: biopsy-proven HER2 positive stage II, III invasive breast cancer, healthy. After informed consent, pt randomized to T or Lapatinib (L) or both (T+L) for 2 weeks (wk) then continue same anti-HER2 agent with standard chemotherapy (FEC75 IV every 3 wk then Paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 wk x 12) then surgery. Research biopsy before and 2 wks after anti-HER2 agent analyzed by reverse phase protein microarray (RPMA) from laser capture microdissected cells, RNA expression microarray, and in-vitro stem cell studies. PCR in breast is no invasive tumor. ITT is Intent to Treat (all treated pts). Pathways identified by analytes (n=42): autophagy (Beclin 1, LC3B, ATG5), stem cell (CD44, Mushashi, E-Cadherin, Beta Catenin), extracellular matrix (Integrin, MMP). Additional informative analytes: phosphorylated HER3, IGFR1. Results: 100 pts treated: T=33, L=34, T+L=33. % pCR- ITT: ER pos/ER neg by arm: T = 40%/67%; L = 21%/50%; T+L = 58%/50%. Baseline RPMA samples N= 65 (T = 22; L= 25; T+L = 18). A) Specific analytes contributory to outcome by arm by Random Forest analysis: T: Beta Catenin Ser 33/37/Thr 41, EGFR Tyr1045. L: MMP14, E-Cadherin, LC3B, Integrin alpha5 B1, Stat 5 Tyr 694, IGFR Tyr 1131/1146, Erk Thr 202/Tyr204, NFKB Ser536, FOXO Thr24, HER3 Tyr1289. T+L: cerb2, EGFR, Met Tyr1235, CD44, E-Cadherin. B) Statistically significant endpoint ratios from network analysis that strongly correlate with pCR: T: HER3 Tyr1289/Beclin 1; PTENser380/ERK Thr202/Tyr204; GSK3B Ser21-9/Stat5 Tyr694; p70S6 Thr389/LC3B; p7026 Thr389/MMP9; FOXO Thr24-32/NFKB Ser536; Beta Catenin Ser 33–37 Thr41/LC3B. L: EGFR Tyr1045Beclin1; cerb2/Beclin1; HER3 Tyr1289/Beclin1; PI3K/FOXO Thr24,32; IRS1 Ser612/Beclin1; Mushashi/IRS1 Ser612. T+L: only 4 pts no pCR. C) Microarray analysis confirms the critical role of extracellular matrix and autophagy. Discussion: These findings support the concept that NO-pCR tumors can engage a diverse set of strategies to achieve cell survival in the face of therapy. The molecular correlates of response found in this small, underpowered study provide candidates for future patient stratification studies and generate insights for combination therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-03.
'Z-Pak' vs Ice Pack: Need for Clarity and Continuous Quality Assurance
Authors: Carl Lawyer, Janet Despot
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Pharmaceutical brand name confusion is an important problem.<sup>1</sup>We have encountered an example of such confusion when an order for a "Z-Pak" was misinterpreted as an order for an "ice pack." Zithromax capsules of azithromycin are available as red, opaque, hard-gelatin capsules prepackaged in a blister card of 6 capsules, which is called a "Z- Pak." The "Z-Pak" card includes standard dosing instructions for the patient, which allows physicians to write a prescription for the drug by simply writing the term "Z- Pak" on the prescription form without including specific dosing instructions. This abbreviated ordering method resulted in the following therapeutic misadventure. A 49-year-old woman was admitted with new onset of pleuritic chest pain and purulent sputum and had a new infiltrate apparent on the chest x-ray film. An order was written in the hospital inpatient chart for a "Z-Pak." The order included no specific dosing instructions
HIGHER IN-HOSPITAL-MORTALITY OF NSTEMI AS COMPARED TO UNSTABLE ANGINA DESPITE HIGHER RATE OF INVASIVE THERAPY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: RESULTS OF THE EHS ACS REGISTRY
Authors: Anselm K. Gitt, Matthias Hochadel, Ralf Zahn, Uwe Zeymer, Francois Schiele, EHS ACS-Registry Study Group, Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Current Health Care Environment
Authors: James P. Nolan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters19 January 1999Current Health Care EnvironmentJames P. Nolan, MDJames P. Nolan, MDState University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo, NY 14215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-2-199901190-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Volpintesta reinforces the contention that the practice of internal medicine has become essentially the same as that of family practice in many, but certainly not all, groups. The plea for a single primary care specialty has been suggested by others, with the appropriate role for general internists that of consultative physician-scientists (1). However, the argument that general internists are not always differentiated in their ability to manage complex medical problems is no reason that such a differentiation is not desirable. Both disciplines need to better define their practice responsibilities when they work as a group. I agree ...References1. Fournier AM. Resolving the conflicts between general and subspecialty medicine: the internist as consulting physician-scientist. Am J Med. 1998;104:259-63. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Goldman L. Adult (not internal) medicine [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:835-6. LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: James P. Nolan, MDAffiliations: State University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo, NY 14215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInternal Medicine in the Current Health Care Environment: A Need for Reaffirmation James P. Nolan Current Health Care Environment Edward J. Volpintesta Current Health Care Environment Gene H. Ginsberg Current Health Care Environment Albert DiPiero Metrics 19 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 2 Page: 165 Keywords Graduate medical education Health care Patients Residency ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 19 January 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum lipoproteins in African Americans and whites with non-insulin-dependent diabetes in the US population.
Authors: C C Cowie, B V Howard, M I Harris
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Despite the significant role that dyslipidemia is believed to play in the development of cardiovascular disease in diabetes, most studies examining diabetic dyslipidemia in the United States have not been population based, and very little data are available for African Americans with diabetes. We used data from a national survey to compare the effect of diabetes on lipid concentrations in African-American and white men and women. In addition, we examined other factors related to lipid concentrations and controlled for these factors in our analyses. METHODS AND RESULTS The Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey included a representative sample of 4177 African Americans and whites in the US civilian noninstitutionalized population 20 to 74 years old. These persons were classified as having non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 720) or as being nondiabetic (n = 3457) based on an oral glucose tolerance test and a medical history of diabetes. Subjects were given an interview and physical examination that included measurement of serum lipoproteins, body mass index, body fat distribution, dietary fat intake, alcohol consumption, frequency of smoking, and use of medications. By univariate analysis, a worse profile of mean cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was generally apparent in NIDDM than in nondiabetic subjects, regardless of race or sex; a similar pattern was found for the prevalence of abnormal concentrations of these lipids. Lipid profiles appeared to be worse in whites with NIDDM than in African Americans. For mean total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, concentrations tended to be worse in women with NIDDM than in men. When other factors significantly affecting lipid levels were adjusted by multivariate analysis, we found that in all race/sex groups, total cholesterol was higher in NIDDM than in nondiabetic subjects but differences were not significant (P = 54), triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in NIDDM subjects (P &lt; .0001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were lower in NIDDM subjects (P = .003). An interaction of diabetes with race was found for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .0001), where concentrations were substantially lower in NIDDM than in nondiabetic subjects among African Americans (P &lt; .01) but slightly higher in NIDDM subjects among whites (P = .33). For other lipids, no differential effect of NIDDM was found by race or sex. CONCLUSIONS In African-American and white men and women in the United States, NIDDM is associated with a pattern of dyslipidemia that may potentiate the atherosclerotic process. Diabetic treatment should include aggressive treatment of dyslipidemia to reduce this increased risk.
Vasoactive compounds in Raynaud's phenomenon.
Authors: A. H. Sorensen, H. Hansen
Journal: BMJ (1969)

June, p. 820) reflect the feelings of many engaged in neonatal care.However, I feel they have not carried their simplification quite far enough.At the moment I am undertaking a large series to compare the Apgar score with a score deduced from only the breathing and heart rate.
Abstract 158: Cyclopamine, an inhibitor of hedgehog signaling, induces monocytic differentiation of acute myelogenous leukemia cells
Authors: Li-Yuan Bai, Jing-Ru Weng, Chang-Fang Chiu, Wen-Jyi Lo, Cheng-Wen Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Sonic hedgehog homolog (Shh) is known to play a critical role in normal cellular expansion and in the patterning of the early embryo of vertebrates and invertebrates, and is also implicated in some human cancers. While the sonic hedgehog homolog (Shh) pathway has been implicated in hematopoiesis and in maintenance of hematological malignancy, there is little evidence to demonstrate its importance to differentiation therapy. Procedures: We characterized the changes in HL-60 [an acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell line] after blocking the Shh pathway by an antagonist of Smoothened, cyclopamine. Findings: The existence of Shh signaling pathway in HL-60 cells was demonstrated by reverse transcription and PCR. Cyclopamine at 20 μM significantly down regulated the mRNA expression of Smo, Gli1 and Gli2. The flow cytometry showed that cyclopamine mediated apoptotic death of HL-60 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After 12 h and 24 h, cyclopamine at 5 μM and 10 μM significantly increased the G0/G1-phase fraction of cells. Furthermore, treatment with cyclopamine increased the expression of monocytic cell markers CD 11b and CD 14, but the expression of CD 13, CD 33 and CD 38 was unchanged in HL-60 cells. The ability of cyclopamine to induce the monocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells was further evidenced by increased Egr-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Cyclopamine also down-regulated the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, but activated AMPK signaling. We also analyzed the effect of cyclopamine on the primary leukemia cells from patients with AML. Conclusions: Blocking the Shh pathway via cyclopamine causes a time- and dose-dependent apoptotic cell death, increases the proportion of cells in G0/G1-phase and induces monocytic differentiation in HL-60 cells. Cyclopamine also down-regulates the mRNA expression of genes in Shh pathways. Further investigations are needed to determine the clinical application of modulating the Shh pathway in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 158. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-158
Celiac Disease Diagnosed using Video Capsule Endoscopy in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: E. Toth, B. Ohlsson, O. Ljungberg, H. Thorlacius
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 44-year-old woman with fluctuating iron deficiency developed anemia, abdominal discomfort, weight loss and diarrhea 1 year prior to admission for video capsule endoscopy (VCE), which is the method of choice in the work-up of suspected disease in the small intestine [1]. The patient had undergone a total colectomy, 20 years earlier, due to histologically confirmed Crohn’s disease and had received a permanent ileostomy.
Informal Peer Interaction and Practice Type as Predictors of Physician Performance on Maintenance of Certification Examinations
Authors: Melissa A. Valentine, Sigal Barsade, Amy C. Edmondson, Amit Gal, Robert Rhodes
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Physicians can demonstrate mastery of the knowledge that supports continued clinical competence by passing a maintenance of certification examination (MOCEX). Performance depends on professional learning and development, which may be enhanced by informal routine interactions with colleagues. Some physicians, such as those in solo practice, may have less opportunity for peer interaction, thus negatively influencing their examination performance. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the relationship among level of peer interaction, group and solo practice, and MOCEX performance. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Longitudinal cohort study of 568 surgeons taking the 2008 MOCEX. Survey responses reporting the level of physicians’ peer interactions and their practice type were related to MOCEX scores, controlling for initial qualifying examination scores, practice type, and personal characteristics. <h3>Exposures</h3> Solo practice and amount of peer interaction. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Scores on the MOCEX and pass-fail status. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 568 surgeons in the study sample, 557 (98.1%) passed the examination. Higher levels of peer interaction were associated with a higher score (β = 0.91 [95% CI, 0.31-1.52]) and higher likelihood of passing the examination (odds ratio, 2.58 [1.08-6.16]). Physicians in solo (vs group) practice had fewer peer interactions (β = −0.49 [95% CI, −0.64 to −0.33), received lower scores (β = −1.82 [−2.94 to −0.82]), and were less likely to pass the examination (odds ratio, 0.22 [0.06-0.77]). Level of peer interaction moderated the relationship between solo practice and MOCEX score; solo practitioners with high levels of peer interaction achieved an MOCEX performance on a par with that of group practitioners. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Physicians in solo practice had poorer MOCEX performance. However, solo practitioners who reported high levels of peer interaction performed as well as those in group practice. Peer interaction is important for professional learning and quality of care.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: Wm. T. Corlett
Journal: JAMA (1891)

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Seat Belt Injury and Regional Enteritis
Authors: Malcolm G. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Taylor's communication (<b>215</b>:1154, 1971) raises some disturbing questions about semantics in the already obscure definition of regional enteritis. Although the patient described may well have developed ischemic disease of the terminal ileum following blunt trauma of the abdomen, it seems unfortunate to use the term "regional enteritis" in this connection. Dr. Taylor might have been better advised to follow the lead of Fagin et al who recently described a case of ischemic enteritis mimicking regional enteritis.<sup>1</sup> Crohn has already published a warning regarding the attribution of regional enteritis to preceding trauma, although he too cites instances in which true traumatic ileitis seems to have occurred.<sup>2</sup>Certainly the etiological connection suggested by Taylor could have considerable impact in future civil litigation by patients who claim compensation for regional enteritis developing after possible innocuous trauma. Furthermore, the comment that negative prior history and "normal results of
Randomized Comparison of 64-Slice Single- and Dual-Source Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography for the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Stephan Achenbach, Ulrike Ropers, Axel Kuettner, Katharina Anders, Tobias Pflederer, Sei Komatsu, Werner Bautz, Werner G. Daniel, Dieter Ropers
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2008)