tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A disease-modifying role for mucosal IgA antibodies to citrullinated antigens?
Authors: Anna Svärd, Alf Kastbom, Yngve Sommarin, Thomas Skogh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Objective</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate whether immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP) can be detected in saliva of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and if it relates to clinical manifestations. <h3>Methods</h3> Salivary samples were collected (by 'passive drooling') from 63 consecutive patients with established RA at a visit to the rheumatology outpatient clinic (Falun, Sweden), and from 20 healthy persons (hospital staff). The samples were centrifuged and kept frozen at −70°C until analysis. IgA-class anti-CCP antibodies in saliva were analysed by adaptation of a commercial ELISA (Immunoscan RA, Euro-Diagnostica AB, Malmö, Sweden) using polyclonal rabbit antihuman α-chain specific antibodies conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (DakoCytomation, Glostrup, Denmark) as secondary antibody.To ensure specificity of the reaction, a corresponding ELISA was set up to analyse IgA antibodies to control antigen (cyclic arginine peptide, CAP), and anti-CCP/anti-CAP ratios were calculated. Also, inhibition studies were performed by preincubation of sera with soluble CCP or CAP. Clinical and laboratory data on disease activity, that is, C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and 28-joint count disease activity score (DAS28) as well as radiological outcome (occurrence or absence of erosions as judged by a radiologist in diagnostic routine) were achieved retrospectively via the patients9 medical records. <h3>Results</h3> Background reactivity against CCP was found in virtually all patients and healthy subjects, whereas a positive anti-CCP/anti-CAP ratio (≥1.5) was found in 14 out of 63 RA patients (22%) and in one healthy subject (5%). Salivary IgA-reactivity with CCP was dose-dependently inhibited by soluble CCP (but not with CAP) in sera with anti-CCP/anti-CAP ratios ≥1.5. No IgG-reactivity to CCP was found in saliva, although all patients with salivary IgA anti-CCP tested IgG anti-CCP-positive in serum. Furthermore, less than half of those testing IgA-positive in saliva were IgA anti-CCP positive in serum, strongly arguing against passive leakage of anti-CCP antibodies from blood to saliva. The patients testing positive for salivary IgA antibodies had lower average disease activity measures (CRP, ESR, DAS28) at presentation and fewer developed bony erosions within 6 years after presentation (p=0.043, Fisher9s exact test). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Salivary IgA antibodies to citrullinated proteins were found in a subset of IgG anti-CCP positive RA patients. In contrast to their serum counterparts, salivary IgA antibodies may associate with a milder/less destructive disease course. This accords with the notion that secretory IgA antibodies exert anti-inflammatory actions, and that they may be associated with induction of systemic tolerance (oral tolerance). The possible disease-modifying role of mucosal immunity to citrullinated proteins needs further investigation!
Two-dimensional echocardiographic findings in right-sided infective endocarditis.
Authors: M Berger, L A Delfin, M Jelveh, E Goldberg
Journal: Circulation (1980)

M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiograms were recorded in 12 narcotic addicts who had right-sided infective endocarditis. The two-dimensional echocardiogram showed vegetations in 10 patients (nine tricuspid and one pulmonic), while the M-mode echocardiogram was positive in six (five tricuspid and one pulmonic). The use of multiple transducer positions resulted in better visualization of the valves and appeared to be an important reason for the large number of positive two-dimensional echocardiograms. Echocardiographic findings were also available after completion of antibiotic therapy in seven of 10 patients. Of these seven patients, the vegetation appeared unchanged in three, diminished in size in three and was no longer visualized in one. No patient required valve replacement. Two-dimensional echocardiography using a wide-angle sector scanner appears to offer distinct advantages over the standard M-mode technique in evaluating patients with right-sided infective endocarditis.
Exosome secretion by eosinophils: A possible role in asthma pathogenesis
Authors: Carla Mazzeo, José Antonio Cañas, Maria Paz Zafra, Ainara Rojas Marco, Mar Fernández-Nieto, Veronica Sanz, María Mittelbrunn, Manuel Izquierdo, Francesc Baixaulli, Joaquín Sastre, Victoria del Pozo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
<i>Sunflower</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risk factors and clinical presentation of hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis: A case-control study
Authors: Annika Bergquist, Hans Glaumann, Bo Persson, Ulrika Broomé
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The reason why 10% to 20% of all patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) develop cholangiocarcinoma (CC) remains unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and biochemical presentation in PSC patients with and without hepatobiliary malignancy and to look for risk factors for developing hepatobiliary carcinoma in PSC. All PSC patients (n = 20) with hepatobiliary carcinoma treated at Huddinge Hospital between 1984 and 1995 were age- and sex-matched to 20 PSC patients with end-stage disease without carcinoma. Clinical and biochemical data from four different occasions (time of onset of PSC, 12 and 6 months before and at the time of cancer diagnosis or liver transplantation [Ltx]) were registered. Seventeen patients had CC, 2 had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 1 had gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). Eighteen of the cancer patients and 19 controls had inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The number of patients who smoked or were former smokers was significantly higher in the cancer group ( P &lt; .0004). The duration of IBD and PSC, extra- and intrahepatic distribution of PSC, surgical and medical treatments did not differ between the two groups. Abdominal pain was the only symptom that was more frequent among cancer patients at the time of cancer diagnosis/Ltx compared with controls. Evaluation of biochemical data did not indicate a more rapid deterioration among cancer patients. The mean value of the tumor marker, CA 19-9, in the cancer group was 700 kU/L; in the control group, it was 46 kU/L ( P &lt; .05), although data were only available in 10 cancer patients and 7 controls. Bile duct dysplasia was found in over 60% of patients with PSC and CC in nontumorous liver tissue apart from the tumor. Clinical and biochemical presentation of PSC patients with and without hepatobiliary carcinoma did not differ during the year before cancer diagnosis/Ltx. Smoking seems to be a risk factor for developing hepatobiliary carcinoma in patients with PSC.
Hemolytic disease of the newborn caused by a new deletion of the entire beta-globin cluster.
Authors: M Pirastu, Y W Kan, C C Lin, R M Baine, C T Holbrook
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

We describe a new type of gamma delta beta-thalassemia in four generations of a family of Scotch-Irish descent. The proposita presented with hemolytic disease of the newborn, which was characterized by a microcytic anemia. Initial restriction endonuclease analysis of the DNA showed no grossly abnormal patterns, but studies of polymorphic restriction sites and gene dosage revealed an extensive deletion that removed all the beta- and beta-like globin genes from the affected chromosome. In situ hybridization of chromosome preparations with radioactive beta-globin gene probes showed that only one 11p homolog contained the beta-globin gene cluster in the affected family members.
Adenosine antagonist theophylline prevents the reduction of glomerular filtration rate after contrast media application
Authors: Christiane M. Erley, Stephan H. Duda, Susanne Schlepckow, Jürgen Koehler, Peter E. Huppert, Walter L. Strohmaier, Adalbert Bohle, Teut Risler, Hartmut Osswald
Journal: Kidney International (1994)
Enhanced antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance of degradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy
Authors: Hui Qin, Yaochao Zhao, Zhiquan An, Mengqi Cheng, Qi Wang, Tao Cheng, Qiaojie Wang, Jiaxing Wang, Yao Jiang, Xianlong Zhang, Guangyin Yuan
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Vulnerability of the Dog Ventricle and Effects of Defibrillation
Authors: BRIAN F. HOFFMAN, E. E. SUCKLING, CHANDLER McC. BROOKS
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation has been studied in 20 dogs by means of test stimuli of known strength and duration in order to ascertain the relationship between the vulnerable period and the recovery of excitability and to determine the effects of countershock defibrillation. The relative refractory period is found to be the only portion of the cycle during which fibrillation could be produced by this technique. Defibrillation was accomplished without producing significant changes in vulnerability or excitability.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL AREA MT
Authors: Richard T. Born, David C. Bradley
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2005)

The small visual area known as MT or V5 has played a major role in our understanding of the primate cerebral cortex. This area has been historically important in the concept of cortical processing streams and the idea that different visual areas constitute highly specialized representations of visual information. MT has also proven to be a fertile culture dish--full of direction- and disparity-selective neurons--exploited by many labs to study the neural circuits underlying computations of motion and depth and to examine the relationship between neural activity and perception. Here we attempt a synthetic overview of the rich literature on MT with the goal of answering the question, What does MT do?
APOB/APOA RATIO IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROGRESSION OF CAROTID ARTERY INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS IN CLINICALLY ASYMPTOMATIC INDIVIDUALS FREE OF KNOWN CHD
Authors: Juan J. Rivera, Khurram Nasir, Xi Zhu, Robert Superko, Roger S. Blumenthal, Arthur S. Agatston
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
A Preclinical Mouse Model of Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Chris W. Doornebal, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Tanya M. Braumuller, Christiaan N. Klijn, Metamia Ciampricotti, Cheei-Sing Hau, Markus W. Hollmann, Jos Jonkers, Karin E. de Visser
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Metastatic disease accounts for more than 90% of cancer-related deaths, but the development of effective antimetastatic agents has been hampered by the paucity of clinically relevant preclinical models of human metastatic disease. Here, we report the development of a mouse model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis, which recapitulates key events in its formation and clinical course. Specifically, using the conditional K14cre;Cdh1F/F;Trp53F/F model of de novo mammary tumor formation, we orthotopically transplanted invasive lobular carcinoma (mILC) fragments into mammary glands of wild-type syngeneic hosts. Once primary tumors were established in recipient mice, we mimicked the clinical course of treatment by conducting a mastectomy. After surgery, recipient mice succumbed to widespread overt metastatic disease in lymph nodes, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Genomic profiling of paired mammary tumors and distant metastases showed that our model provides a unique tool to further explore the biology of metastatic disease. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant intervention studies using standard-of-care chemotherapeutics showed the value of this model in determining therapeutic agents that can target early- and late-stage metastatic disease. In obtaining a more accurate preclinical model of metastatic lobular breast cancer, our work offers advances supporting the development of more effective treatment strategies for metastatic disease. Cancer Res; 73(1); 353–63. ©2012 AACR.
P605Unraveling tight spatiotemporal regulation of 5-HT4 receptor-mediated inotropic effects using targeted FRET-based cAMP sensors
Authors: KU Dugstad, AH Ulsund, JM Aronsen, I Sjaastad, M Zaccolo, FO Levy, KW Andressen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: We have previously reported that an inotropic response (increase in contractility) to serotonin through 5-HT4 receptors appears in the ventricle of failing rat and human hearts. The inotropic response is ~80% of that to β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation in failing rat hearts, yet the increase in cAMP levels is only ~20% compared to β-AR stimulation in cardiac myocytes. As another extreme, EP prostanoid receptor activation has long been considered to yield large increases in myocyte cAMP levels without a positive inotropic response, although some recent data have made this less clear, at least in mouse heart. It thus appears that cAMP produced through stimulation of 5-HT4 receptors and a subset of β-ARs is more tightly coupled to a cardiac inotropic response, e.g. through localization of the produced cAMP closer to the contractile apparatus, compared to EP prostanoid receptors. We have previously found that cAMP produced following 5-HT4 receptor stimulation is degraded by both phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) and PDE4, whereas the 5-HT4-mediated inotropic response is primarily limited by PDE3, indicating that localized degradation of cAMP is a primary factor that confines compartmentation of cAMP signaling. Methods: Experiments were performed on cardiac myocytes from left ventricle from Wistar rats with heart failure 6 weeks after myocardial infarction or sham-operated animals. We measured local concentrations of cAMP in both normal and failing cardiac myocytes using FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer)-based cAMP sensors specifically targeted to subcellular compartments. Results and conclusion: We find that in failing cardiac myocytes, 5-HT4 receptor stimulation results in a larger increase in cAMP close to the contractile compartment compared to compartments not associated with contraction, whereas β-AR stimulation increases both local and global levels of cAMP. Inhibiting PDE3 enhances both 5-HT4 receptor- and β-AR-mediated increases in cAMP, supporting the notion that PDEs define the contractile compartment. Thus, both production and degradation of cAMP regulating inotropic effects appear to be tightly controlled.
Attempt to modify klebsiella carriage in ankylosing spondylitic patients by diet: correlation of klebsiella carriage with disease activity.
Authors: R Shinebaum, V Neumann, R Hopkins, E M Cooke, V Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis were asked to follow a 'klebsiella exclusion diet' for 5 months of a 10-month study. The same percentage of faecal samples were positive for klebsiella whether the patients were on or off the experimental diet. The diet also failed to influence variability of klebsiella serotypes. We found no correlation between acquisition of klebsiella and deterioration of disease symptoms, as recorded by the patients. Furthermore, carriage of klebsiella did not correlate with any of the following parameters of disease activity measured in the outpatient clinic: morning stiffness, pain measured on a visual analogue scale, analgesic consumption, ESR, total serum IgA. We found no evidence, therefore, that faecal klebsiella is involved in disease exacerbations of ankylosing spondylitis.
Abstract 4909: Novel radiation mitigators and cancer chemoprevention drugs
Authors: Robert H. Schiestl, Yelena Rivina, Michael Davoren
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The possibility of a radiation disaster from a nuclear detonation or accident has existed for over 50 years and spawned much of the basic research in radiobiology in the 1950-60s. The recent Fukushima accident was yet another reminder that there remains a dire need to develop novel therapies against radiation-induced toxicities. Here we report on the development of two novel radiation countermeasure therapies: Yel001 and Yel002. These small, biologically active, drug-like molecules were uncovered in the DEL high throughput assay reducing radiation-induced cyto- and geno-toxicity in yeast. Radiation-modulating activity was further confirmed in yeast plate-based DEL Assay: addition of either Yel001 or Yel002 to irradiated cultures reduced cell death and genomic instability. Further, Yel compounds increases survival to 75% in vivo following an LD100/30 dose of ionizing radiation (IR) with the first therapeutic injection administered 24 hours post exposure followed by injections at 48,72,96, and 120 hours. Additionally, treatment with Yel001 and Yel002 compounds reduces radiation-induced leukemia from 90% to to 50% and 40% respectively. Of note, treatment with either Yel001 or Yel002 reduced spontaneous leukemia rate from 10% to 0%. Furthermore, Yel002 significantly prolonged the life of Atm deficient mice. Treatment with Yel002 following IR accelerates the recovery of the hematopoietic cells and protects stem cells after sub-lethal exposures. In addition, treatment with Yel002 reduces I131, EMS, MMS, UV, cigarette smoke extract as well as nitrogen mustard induced toxicity as well as genotoxicity showing a broad application spectrum. Proteomics shows that Yel002 induces DNA repair mediated by Atm signaling, homologous recombination, nonhomologous end joining, base excision repair, DNA damage binding proteins and chromosome segregation functions. Toxicity has not been observed in neither in vitro or in vivo administrations, even in a two generation teratogenicity assay. Overall, Yel compounds have much potential as stockpile therapies for radiation-induced lethality and cancer as well as spontaneous cancer: they are highly effective when administered up to 24hours post exposure, they reduce radiation-induced sequelae such as leukemia, and appear to have an acceptable toxicity profile. Citation Format: Robert H. Schiestl, Yelena Rivina, Michael Davoren. Novel radiation mitigators and cancer chemoprevention drugs. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4909. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4909
THE PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES OF THE ANTITOXIN FOR BACILLUS WELCHII
Authors: Carroll G. Bull
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

1. It has been possible to confer on guinea pigs a passive immunity of about 2 weeks' duration to Bacillus welchii toxin through a protective administration of the antitoxin. 2. Guinea pigs which bad received a prophylactic dose of Bacillus welchii antitoxin exhibited pronounced resistance to infection with the virulent bacilli for a period of 12 days. 3. Established infections in guinea pigs with Bacillus welchii have been arrested and controlled by treatment with the antitoxin. 4. The opinion has been expressed that it will be possible to prevent Bacillus welchii infection in man through the prophylactic use of the antitoxin and developed cases of the infection may be controlled by therapeutic injections of the same agent.
Abstract 3557: Reduced ovarian hormones &amp; reduced mammographic &amp; MRI determined breast density in <i>BRCA</i> carriers following a hormonal chemo-prevention regimen of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHA) &amp; low-dose add-back estrogen &amp; testosterone
Authors: Sharon R. Sand, Catherine Klifa, Michael F. Press, Malcolm Pike, Giske Ursin, Darcy Spicer, Lalit Vora, AnnaMarie Daniels, Kathleen R. Blazer, Josef Herzog, Ivonne Villalobos, Jeffrey N. Weitzel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Young women at high risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer due to a BRCA mutation need risk-reducing options that preserve childbearing capacity. Purpose: Correlate changes in breast tissue determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) &amp; mammography with ovarian hormone levels following GnRHA treatment. Methods: In this prospective phase 2 biomarker chemoprevention trial, 10 premenopausal high-risk women, mean age 29.4 (21-43), were treated with intranasal GnRHA (deslorelin), low-dose add-back estradiol &amp; testosterone once daily for 10 months. MPA was given for 10 days starting Day 140. Serum hormone levels were measured pre-administration of study drugs on Day 1, 29, 169 &amp; 300. All participants underwent mammography, breast MRI &amp; breast biopsy before &amp; after 300 days of treatment. Mammographic density was measured &amp; compared to volumetric breast density from MRI at both time points for all participants &amp; fibroglandular tissue volume was also determined. Results: Significant decreases (p &amp;lt; .05) were shown in estradiol (-61%) and testosterone (-41%) over time. Nine out of 10 participants showed a mean reduction in MRI volumetric breast density of 17.3% (p=0.045), a mean reduction in MRI fibroglandular volume of 15.1% (p=0.041) and a mean reduction in mammographic density of 31.9% (p=0.0033). Conclusion: Changes in breast tissue composition were significant after 10 months of hormonal chemoprevention, validating the proof of principle that density as a risk biomarker can be manipulated in BRCA carriers. We documented reduction in breast density by both mammographic and MRI assessment. While greater quantitative change in density was detected by mammography, MRI yields additional qualitative structural observations. Our findings confirm that MRI can be used to measure hormonal chemoprevention effects in women at high-risk of breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3557. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3557