tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between the Functional Status Scale and the Pediatric Overall Performance Category and Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category Scales
Authors: Murray M. Pollack, Richard Holubkov, Tomohiko Funai, Amy Clark, Frank Moler, Thomas Shanley, Kathy Meert, Christopher J. L. Newth, Joseph Carcillo, John T. Berger, Allan Doctor, Robert A. Berg, Heidi Dalton, David L. Wessel, Rick E. Harrison, J. Michael Dean, Tammara L. Jenkins
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Functional status assessment methods are important as outcome measures for pediatric critical care studies.To investigate the relationships between the 2 functional status assessment methods appropriate for large-sample studies, the Functional Status Scale (FSS) and the Pediatric Overall Performance Category and Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (POPC/PCPC) scales.Prospective cohort study with random patient selection at 7 sites and 8 children's hospitals with general/medical and cardiac/cardiovascular pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in the Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network. Participants included all PICU patients younger than 18 years.Functional Status Scale and POPC/PCPC scores determined at PICU admission (baseline) and PICU discharge. We investigated the association between the baseline and PICU discharge POPC/PCPC scores and the baseline and PICU discharge FSS scores, the dispersion of FSS scores within each of the POPC/PCPC ratings, and the relationship between the FSS neurologic components (FSS-CNS) and the PCPC.We included 5017 patients. We found a significant (P < .001) difference between FSS scores in each POPC or PCPC interval, with an FSS score increase with each worsening POPC/PCPC rating. The FSS scores for the good and mild disability POPC/PCPC ratings were similar and increased by 2 to 3 points for the POPC/PCPC change from mild to moderate disability, 5 to 6 points for moderate to severe disability, and 8 to 9 points for severe disability to vegetative state or coma. The dispersion of FSS scores within each POPC and PCPC rating was substantial and increased with worsening POPC and PCPC scores. We also found a significant (P < .001) difference between the FSS-CNS scores between each of the PCPC ratings with increases in the FSS-CNS score for each higher PCPC rating.The FSS and POPC/PCPC system are closely associated. Increases in FSS scores occur with each higher POPC and PCPC rating and with greater magnitudes of change as the dysfunction severity increases. However, the dispersion of the FSS scores indicated a lack of precision in the POPC/PCPC system when compared with the more objective and granular FSS. The relationship between the PCPC and the FSS-CNS paralleled the relationship between the FSS and POPC/PCPC system.
Is postextrasystolic potentiation dependent on Starling's law? Biplane angiographic studies in normal subjects.
Authors: C S Sung, V S Mathur, E Garcia, C M de Castro, R J Hall
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The cineangiograms of 26 normal subjects were analyzed to study the effect of Starling's mechanism on postextrasystolic potentiation. The end-diastolic volumes (single plane and biplane) of the left ventricle were similar in the regular sinus beat before an extrasystole and sequential sinus beats after an extrasystole. However, the ejection fraction, mean normalized systolic ejection rate, mean velocity of fiber shortening and long-axis shortening were consistently larger in the first sinus beat after an extrasystole. We conclude that postextrasystolic potentiation is independent of left ventricular end-diastolic volume in normal human hearts and the compensatory pause after an extrasystole does not result in increased end-diastolic volume.
The cytogenetic analysis of human zygotes and preimplantation embryos
Authors: F Pellestor
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1995)

A review of cytogenetic studies on human zygotes and preimplantation embryos is presented. This survey documents the high incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in embryos in vitro . Up to date, 914 zygotes and embryos have been karyotyped. The rate of abnormalities is significantly higher in morphologically poor-quality embryos than in good-quality embryos (86.6 and 36.6% respectively). In both groups, aneuploidy is the most frequently observed abnormality. In addition, various types of aberrations such as polyploidy, haploidy, mosaicism or fragmentation are also found. Among tripronucleated zygotes, 81.9% display chromosomal abnormalities. Data suggest that some parameters of IVF procedures might be responsible for the occurrence of some abnormalities.
IL-33 and ST2 comprise a critical biomechanically induced and cardioprotective signaling system
Authors: Shoji Sanada, Daihiko Hakuno, Luke J. Higgins, Eric R. Schreiter, Andrew N.J. McKenzie, Richard T. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

ST2 is an IL-1 receptor family member with transmembrane (ST2L) and soluble (sST2) isoforms. sST2 is a mechanically induced cardiomyocyte protein, and serum sST2 levels predict outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction or chronic heart failure. Recently, IL-33 was identified as a functional ligand of ST2L, allowing exploration of the role of ST2 in myocardium. We found that IL-33 was a biomechanically induced protein predominantly synthesized by cardiac fibroblasts. IL-33 markedly antagonized angiotensin II- and phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Although IL-33 activated NF-kappaB, it inhibited angiotensin II- and phenylephrine-induced phosphorylation of inhibitor of NF-kappa B alpha (I kappa B alpha) and NF-kappaB nuclear binding activity. sST2 blocked antihypertrophic effects of IL-33, indicating that sST2 functions in myocardium as a soluble decoy receptor. Following pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), ST2(-/-) mice had more left ventricular hypertrophy, more chamber dilation, reduced fractional shortening, more fibrosis, and impaired survival compared with WT littermates. Furthermore, recombinant IL-33 treatment reduced hypertrophy and fibrosis and improved survival after TAC in WT mice, but not in ST2(-/-) littermates. Thus, IL-33/ST2 signaling is a mechanically activated, cardioprotective fibroblast-cardiomyocyte paracrine system, which we believe to be novel. IL-33 may have therapeutic potential for beneficially regulating the myocardial response to overload.
Mitochondrial dysfunction as the cause of the failure to precondition the diabetic human myocardium
Authors: A HASSOUNA, M LOUBANI, B MATATA, A FOWLER, N STANDEN, M GALINANES
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Objectives: We have shown previously that human diabetic myocardium cannot be preconditioned. Here, we have investigated the basis of this cardioprotective deficit.
Verbing and nouning
Authors: S. Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book: Stress and the Heart: Psychosocial Pathways to Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: I. Kawachi
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Eds Stephen A Stansfeld, Michael G Marmot BMJ Books, £30, pp 304 ISBN 0 7279 1277 1 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> Stress, as every lay person knows, can lead to a host of ailments. These range from susceptibility to infections and stomach ulcers, to mental illness and asthma attacks. But it is in the area of preventive cardiology that stress research has yielded the most durable and convincing discoveries. Stress and the Heart is a timely, highly readable, and authoritative volume, with contributions from the leading investigators in the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
College urges maximum of two embryos for in vitro fertilisation
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Women undergoing infertility treatment should receive a maximum of two embryos to reduce the current unacceptably high rate of multiple births, recommends the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in its latest issue of guidelines on the management of infertility.

The document completes a series of three evidence based guidelines that cover the entire field of infertility management. As well as improving management and setting standards in the treatment of infertile couples, particularly those having in vitro fertilisation and donor insemination, the college hopes that the guidelines will help to bring equality to a field of medicine that has been described as a “geographical …
Progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
Authors: J R Kramer, Y Matsuda, J C Mulligan, M Aronow, W L Proudfit
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Two hundred sixty-two patients with 50% or greater obstruction of at least one coronary artery on the initial study underwent recatheterization 2-182 months later and were evaluated for progressive arterial changes. Progression was considered present if (1) a change from less than total obstruction to total obstruction occurred in any vessel; (2) a change from 70% or less to 90% or more occurred in any vessel; (3) a change from 30% or less to 50% or more occurred in any vessel not initially obstructed by 50%; or (4) a 20% or more increase in obstruction was noted in any vessel already narrowed 50% or more. Of the 262 patients, 116 of 238 men (49%) and 12 of 24 women (50%) met the criteria for progression. Risk factors determined at the time of the initial catheterization in patients who met the criteria for progression were compared with risk factors in patients who did not. No significant difference could be found between the groups in relation to family history, blood pressure, diabetes, smoking habits, weight, cholesterol levels, triglyceride values, initial ECG and initial catheterization findings. The frequency of detecting progressive arterial changes tended to increase as the interval between studies increased (p less than 0.001). The frequency of multiple vessel progression increased as the interval between studies increased. Progression was more frequent in patients younger than 50 years than it was in patients 50 years and older.
Points from letters: Mastectomy scars
Authors: A C Cattanach
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Government's spokesmen, including the Prime Minister, admit that the counter-inflation policy of 1975-6 was unjust to certain members of the community, including consultants on the incremental scale.They argue, however, that the steps were necessary in the national interest.The professions' negotiators did not 'acquiesce' in the imposition of this counterinflation policy, but vigorously opposed it- and succeeded in securing the modification for 1976-7 which has allowed the incremental scales to be reactivated.The withholding of contractual increments (and distinction awards) which has in effect meant for some consultants a 12-month wait for what they were entitled to was secured by the Remuneration, Charges, and Grants Act 1975-which rapidly went through Parliament without opposition and specifically allows employing authorities to breach contracts in this respect."-ED, BMJ. Keeping tabs on trainers
Medical Considerations and Applications of Hyperbaric Oxygenation
Authors: Herbert O. Sieker
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The recent intense interest in hyperbaric oxygenation has been stimulated by its potential usefulness in cardiovascular surgery and cancer therapy. Historically, hyperbaria was first recommended in the medical management of disease as early as the beginning of the 19th century. It was used in France to improve the patient's feeling of well-being, presumably by enhancing the circulation. The early application of hyperbaria in the treatment of respiratory diseases was helpful probably by increasing the inspired oxygen tension. By the middle of the 19th century, many hyperbaric centers were established for the treatment of a variety of illnesses, including malaise, headache, hemoptysis, tuberculosis, deafness, bronchopulmonary disease, dysmenorrhea, bronchial asthma, pernicious anemia, syphilis, and smallpox. The wave of enthusiasm for this form of therapy subsided only to be revived in the early part of the 20th century when very elaborate chambers were built to produce remarkable cures in such illnesses as diabetes,
The symptomatology of hidradenitis suppurativa in women
Authors: G. B. E. JEMEC
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

In order to establish the possible role of androgen in the development of hidradenitis suppurativa the symptomatology of the disease was studied in a group of 70 female patients. The results were compared with those obtained from an age-matched control group of healthy women. The incidence of women with signs of androgenization in the two groups did not differ significantly. The only significant differences found were a shorter menstrual cycle and a longer duration of menstrual flow in the women suffering from hidradenitis, and that women with hidradenitis were more likely to have a positive family history of hidradenitis. The prevalence of hidradenitis in the control group was 4%. The results show that hidradenitis is not accompanied by other signs of androgenization. The disease may be due to local changes in the apocrine glands of predisposed individuals.
Aspirin in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Harlan M. Krumholz, Martha J. Radford, Edward F. Ellerbeck, John Hennen, Thomas P. Meehan, Marcia Petrillo, Yun Wang, Timothy F. Kresowik, Stephen F. Jencks
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Although aspirin is an effective, inexpensive, and safe treatment of acute myocardial infarction, the frequency of use of aspirin in actual medical practice is not known. Elderly patients, a group with low rates of utilization of effective therapies such as thrombolytic therapy, also may be at risk of not receiving aspirin for acute myocardial infarction. To address this issue, we sought to determine the current pattern of aspirin use and to assess its effectiveness in a large, population-based sample of elderly patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results As part of the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project Pilot, a Health Care Financing Administration initiative to improve quality of care for Medicare beneficiaries, we abstracted hospital medical records of Medicare beneficiaries who were hospitalized in Alabama, Connecticut, Iowa, or Wisconsin from June 1992 through February 1993. Among the 10 018 patients ≥65 years old who had no absolute contraindications to aspirin, 6140 patients (61%) received aspirin within the first 2 days of hospitalization. Patients who were older, had more comorbidity, presented without chest pain, and had high-risk characteristics such as heart failure and shock were less likely to receive aspirin. The use of aspirin was significantly associated with a lower mortality (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.89) after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions About one third of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction who had no contraindications to aspirin therapy did not receive it within the first 2 days of hospitalization. The elderly patients with the highest risk of death were the least likely to receive aspirin. After adjustment for differences between the treatment groups, the use of aspirin was associated with 22% lower odds of 30-day mortality. The increased use of aspirin for patients with acute myocardial infarction is an excellent opportunity to improve the delivery of care to elderly patients.
FOUR CASES OF EYE DISEASE FOLLLOWING BRAIN DISEASE.
Authors: HENRY G. CORNWELL
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Read in the Section on Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology, June, 1883.] HEMIANOPSIA HOMONYMA DEXTRALIS AFTER APOPLEXY. Mrs. S., aged 65, an intelligent lady of Columbus, was sent to me by Dr. Fullerton, her family physician, February 1, 1883, for advice concerning a defect of vision, which had made its appearance three months before. The previous history of her case is as follows: Two years before she had an attack of apoplexy, was comatose for twelve hours, and remained hæmiphlegic on the left side for nine months, improving gradually until she entirely recovered without sequellæ from her illness, and enjoyed good health for fourteen months. One month before I saw her she was about to call on some of her friends, and as she ascended the steps her vision became suddenly obscured, and on entering the house she observed that she could only see the left half of objects toward which
Significance of Signs and Symptoms in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Authors: J. E. Castro, H. J. L. Griffiths, R. Shackman
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Measurements of intravesical pressure, urinary flow rate, retrograde cystographic residual urine, reflux of contrast medium into the prostatic ducts, and radiological prostate size were made in 45 men with benign prostatic hypertrophy. These factors were all found to be good clinical indices of the degree of urethral resistance to micturition; on the other hand, there was no relation between the latter and the severity of symptoms.
FLUORESCENT-STAINABLE ANTIBODIES TO THE EATON AGENT IN HUMAN PRIMARY ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA TRANSMISSION STUDIES*
Authors: Wallace A. Clyde, Floyd W. Denny, John H. Dingle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1961)

The etiology of those cases of nonbacterial pneumonia that cannot be associated with the viruses of psittacosis and influenza, adenoviruses, or other well delineated agents, and in which cold hemagglutinins or streptococcus MG agglutinins often develop, has been a controversial subject. The possible role in this disease of an agent isolated by Eaton, Meiklejohn, van Herick and Talbot in 1941 from patients with primary atypical pneumonia (1) has been difficult to evaluate because of the agent's limited host range and technical problems in performing specific serologic tests with it. Eaton's agent can be propagated in embryonated hens' eggs, as demonstrated by production of pneumonia on passage to cotton rats (2), but produces no apparent pathologic change in the chick embryo (2, 3). Using a modification of the fluorescent antibody technique of Coons and Kaplan (4), Liu, Eaton and Heyl have provided both a means of localizing the antigens in the chick embryo and a method by which sera can le examined for fluorescent-stainable antibodies to Eaton's agent (3, 5). Additional isolations of Eaton's agent from patients and demonstrations of fluorescent-stainable antibodies to it have been reported by Cook (6) and Chanock (7) and their associates, confirming and extending the observations of Eaton and Liu. The specificity of this fluorescent antibody reaction in terms of the etiology of the disease has been questioned (8), however, since patients with primary atypical pneumonia may develop a number of nonspecific
Points from Letters: Extravagant Investigation
Authors: A. A. Stephen
Journal: BMJ (1975)

vogue in the future should Parliament as at present constituted beconme too unwieldy to function effectively.Moreover, the medical profession would be freer to set up and supervise what mtust surely come, and that is a body of aware persons to interview at regular intervals all persons in paid authority above a certain level of responsibility, in- cluding doctors, lawyers, M.P.s, teachers, etc., regairding their continuing suitability to hold such authority.Under the pro- fession's present subservience to politics this would be difficult to implement, if at all."What shall it profit a man if he shall gain the whole world and lose his own soul?"And as a profession we are in grave danger of doing just that.-I am, etc.,
Accuracy of Administrative Coding for Type 2 Diabetes in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Authors: Eric L. Ding, Yiqing Song, JoAnn E. Manson, Aruna D. Pradhan, Julie E. Buring, Simin Liu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

In a recent study, Rhodes et al. (1) questioned the accuracy of administrative coding for type 2 diabetes in children and young adults, noting a very low positive predictive value (PPV) of 16.6%. The article also highlighted the importance of adopting standardized and validated diagnostic protocols in epidemiologic studies.

Using diagnostic criteria from the American Diabetes Association (ADA) (2), we assessed the validity of self-reported diabetes diagnosis in a cohort of 39,876 women aged ≥45 years who were without heart disease, stroke, or cancer at …
Dr. Jacques L. Monod's Dunham Lectures for 1958
Authors: Paul A. M. Gross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

"There are more things in Heaven and Earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your philosophy." (Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act I. c. 1601.)THE Edward K. Dunham Lectureship was founded in 1923 at Harvard Medical School to bind more closely "the bonds of fellowship and understanding between students and investigators in this and foreign countries." Its roster of past lecturers includes such illustrious names in scientific investigation as Nobel laureates William Einthoven, Sir Charles Sherrington, Bernardo Houssay and Hugo Theorell. This year its distinguished guest was Jacques L. Monod, head of the Department of Cellular Biochemistry at the Pasteur Institute in . . .
Suicide After Restoration of Sight
Authors: David Lester
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A letter toThe Journalasked if readers knew of data relevant to the problem of suicidal behavior in those who had had their sight restored to them (<b>214:</b>1916, 1970). This letter reports the replies received. Dr. Andre Fesus (Baltimore) reported the case of an old farmer who jumped to his death four days after an operation for removal of cataracts. The patient had not revealed any depression or confusion. Dr. Martin Bernstein (Mt. Kisco, NY) reported two patients who attempted suicide (and several others who showed postoperative anxiety, depression, and withdrawal) after successful cataract surgery. The patients had received care, attention, and love while relatively blind and now felt abandoned, since with recovered vision they were expected to be independent. Dr. Thomas Eby ( Fullerton, Calif) reported the case of a 72-year-old woman who came to him after six years of blindness (and a 45-year history