tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of insulinlike growth factor binding proteins and of the acid-labile subunit in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, of Kupffer cells, and in cocultures: Regulation by insulin, insulinlike growth factor, and growth hormone
Authors: J Scharf
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The adult liver is the main source of circulating insulinlike growth factors (IGFs) and their serum binding proteins (IGFBPs) including the acid-labile subunit (ALS), a component of the ternary binding protein complex. Within the liver, the biosynthesis of individual proteins has been attributed to different cell populations, e.g., that of ALS to hepatocytes and that of IGFBP-3 to nonparenchymal cells. Ligand and immunoblotting as well as Northern blotting analyses were used to study synthesis of IGFBPs and their hormonal regulation in cultured adult rat hepatocytes, Kupffer cells (KCs), and cocultures. In hepatocytes, synthesis of IGFBP-1, -2, and -4 was observed; insulin and IGF-I decreased that of IGFBP-1, and -2 while increasing that of IGFBP-4. KCs synthesized IGFBP-2, and -3, insulin and IGF-I showing no effect. In cocultures, however, synthesis of IGFBP-3 was stimulated by insulin and IGF-I. By immunocytochemistry IGFBP-3 biosynthesis was localized to KCs exclusively. When pore membranes were used for separation of hepatocytes and KCs in coculture, this insulin-stimulatory action on IGFBP-3 synthesis was preserved. Growth hormone (GH) did not affect biosynthesis of IGFBPs. Expression of ALS was localized in hepatocytes only. Insulin, IGF-I, and GH increased ALS expression. It can be concluded that biosynthesis of individual IGFBPs and of ALS are compartmentalized in adult rat liver and are distinctly regulated by insulin, IGF-I, and GH. The insulin-dependent stimulation of IGFBP-3 synthesis in KCs appears to require a diffusable mediator derived from hepatocytes.
EXCRETORY UROGRAPHY AFTER SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION OF NEOSKIODAN
Authors: Edwin Beer
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The object of this note is to call attention to a third route for administering chemicals of the new group for excretory urography. In America, apparently, no attempts have been made along these lines, though intravenous and oral administration are well recognized. In 1931 Butzengeiger<sup>1</sup>first attempted subcutaneous skiodan in adults, using a 4 per cent (isotonic) solution and injecting 500 cc. containing 20 Gm. into the axillae. In thirty cases he reported results almost as satisfactory as those obtained by intravenous injection. The maximum excretion appeared from thirty to fifty minutes after injection, and there were no local or general deleterious effects. In 1932 Hillebrand<sup>2</sup>used this method in a child of 14 months with a renal tumor in whom intravenous injection was not possible. He used 100 cc. of a 4 per cent skiodan solution and obtained good results. The child died after the nephrectomy and
340 ONCOSTATIN M ENHANCES THE ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF TYPE I INTERFERON AND ACTIVATES IMMUNOSTIMULATORY FUNCTIONS IN LIVER EPITHELIAL CELLS
Authors: E. Larrea, R. Aldabe, I. Gonzalez, V. Segura, P. Sarobe, I. Echeverria, J. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEDSIDE TEACHING
Authors: FRANK W. HORNBROOK
Journal: JAMA (1910)

In this day when laboratory methods are so strongly emphasized and practiced and when there is such a surplus of theoretical teaching, let me call the attention of the medical profession, and especially the teaching branch of the profession, to bedside teaching. Teaching medical students at the bedside, while they are still in school, how to recognize a patient who is really seriously sick from one who is only mildly ill; how to recognize what the patient is suffering from; how to prognosticate as to recovery and what are the practical, the sane methods of treatment in each individual case as learned from the actual case by individual examination—this form of teaching, which is of the utmost value, is not carried out in any of the first-class medical schools with which I am familiar.  I would urge the great value and the absolute importance to medical students of continuous and
Reprint: Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids
Authors: J.D. Watson, F.H.C. Crick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

History of Medicine1 April 2003Reprint: Molecular Structure of Nucleic AcidsFREEJ.D. Watson and F.H.C. CrickJ.D. Watson and F.H.C. CrickAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-7-200304010-00015 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInteraction of magnolia bark extracts with Staphylococcus aureus DNA and evaluation of the stability of their antibacterial activitiesVLSI Structures for DNA Sequencing—A SurveyGenetic TestingRole of specialized DNA polymerases in the limitation of replicative stress and DNA damage transmissionRAMPS: A Reconfigurable Architecture for Minimal Perfect SequencingNew frontiers in education — Training in Biology for Electrical EngineersMolecular structure and vibrational spectra of N4-acetylcytosine 1 April 2003Volume 138, Issue 7Page: 581-582KeywordsDNANucleic acids ePublished: 1 April 2003 Issue Published: 1 April 2003 PDF downloadLoading ...
P25 Distinct Pro-inflammatory Gene Expression Profile In Monocytes From Sarcoidosis Patients With Active Disease
Authors: A. Crawshaw, Y. Kendrik, E. Repapi, S. Taylor, L.-P. Ho
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Monocytes are potential key cellular players inthe early pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Having previously identified altered monocyte activity in sarcoidosis,<sup>1</sup> we now examine monocyte whole genome expression profile in order to determine potential processes and pathways involved in the perturbed immune activity of these cells. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with tissue-confirmed sarcoidosis (three high-activity, three low-activity, identified by a predefined clinical activity score)<sup>2</sup> were recruited: gene expression profiles compared with age and gender matched healthy controls. All donors were Caucasian, corticosteroid (and other immunemodulatory treatment) naïvenon-smokers. Monocytes were isolated by CD14-negative magnetic selection within 3 h of venesection, RNA extracted using a proprietary kit and stored at -80°C prior to single batch hybridisation with Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 chips. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 3437 genes were differentially expressed in sarcoidosis monocytes compared with controls (adjusted p value of &lt;0.05). Filtering by Log<sub>2</sub> fold change of at least1.5 identified 151 differentially expressed genes among these. Principal component analysis demonstrated clear segregation between sarcoidosis and controls, and between those with high and low activity, with low activity clustering closer to healthy controls. IL-6 was the most significantly upregulated gene (Log<sub>2 </sub>FC 4.723 adjusted p &lt; 0.001). Other significantly upregulated genes included the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1A (2.987, 0.001) and IL1B (2.952, 0.001); and the monocyte chemotactic factors CCL20 (4.212, 0.002), CXCL2 (4.057, &lt;0.001) and CCL3 (3.470, 0.003). Gene set enrichment analysis identified gene ontology (GO) gene sets relating to inflammatory andimmune system responses to be amongst the most positively enriched genes in the monocytes from patients with active disease (p &lt; 0.001, normalised enrichment score [NES] 2.22 and 2.20 respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Sarcoidosis monocytes sarcoidosis have a distinct gene expression profile exhibiting a pro-inflammatory, chemotactic phenotype. IL6 may be implicated in the initiation and maintenance of alveolitis and hypergammaglobulinemia in sarcoidosis and the recent interest in the use of humanised anti-IL-6R antibodies in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other immune mediated disease makes functional characterisation of the role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis an exciting prospect. <h3>References</h3> Crawshaw A <i>et al</i>. <i>Eur J Immunol</i> 2014 Kendrick YR <i>et al</i>. <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i> 2013;187:A1391
Don't Know Much about History
Authors: Shelby Dames, Claude Tonnerre, Sanjay Saint, Stephen R. Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A 20-year-old man who had immigrated to the United States from Mexico three months earlier presented to the emergency department reporting weight loss and pain in his hip and the right side of his lower back. He had noted decreased appetite for several weeks and had unintentionally lost 16 kg.
Hepatitis B prevalence in Denmark – an estimate based on nationwide registers and a national screening programme, as on 31 December 2007
Authors: N Hansen, G Hay, S Cowan, P Jepsen, H Bygum Krarup, N Obel, N Weis, P Brehm Christensen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Giving patients choice puts more pressure on GPs, survey shows
Authors: A. Iles
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Patients and GPs are worried that providing more healthcare choices will increase the workload of family doctors, says a MORI poll.

The research, conducted for BUPA, which provides healthcare insurance and services, tied in with a BUPA conference last week entitled “Can we afford the informed consumer?”

The research suggests that, although patients want increased healthcare choices, 88% of doctors and 46% of patients worry that extending patients' choice will put more pressure on GPs. Eighty four per cent of GPs and 74% of the general public …
Failure of Dextroamphetamine Sulfate to Influence Eating and Sleeping Patterns in Obese Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Walter Modell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Data have been accumulated which indicate that in the obese schizophrenic population, dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexadrine) has little or no effect on eating or sleeping patterns. In contrast to findings in a large literature on the nonschizophrenic obese patient, the obese schizophrenic population differs from them in these parameters of pharmacological effect. The failure of dextroamphetamine to influence either appetite or sleep in a schizophrenic population is put forward as negative evidence in support of an earlier postulation that these two effects of the anorectic amphetamine congeners are probably inseparable because they are the result of the same pharmacological action, and in support of the view that amphetamine congeners useful in the treatment of obesity will tend to cause insomnia and all the other undesirable effects attributable to central stimulation in proportion to their anorectic potency.
BRCA1-Associated Epigenetic Regulation of p73 Mediates an Effector Pathway for Chemosensitivity in Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Nageatte Ibrahim, Lei He, Chee-Onn Leong, Deyin Xing, Beth Y. Karlan, Elizabeth M. Swisher, Bo R. Rueda, Sandra Orsulic, Leif W. Ellisen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The majority of tumors arising in BRCA1 mutation carriers exhibit inactivation of p53, a key effector of cell death after DNA damage. Despite the loss of p53, BRCA1-deficient tumor cells exhibit increased sensitivity to cisplatin, and patients with BRCA1-associated ovarian carcinomas experience improved outcomes with platinum-based chemotherapy compared with sporadic cases. Although it is known that chemosensitivity in BRCA1-associated cancers is associated with unrepaired DNA damage, the specific effector pathway mediating the cellular response to platinum-induced damage in these tumors is poorly understood. Here, we show that the p53-related gene p73, encoding a proapoptotic protein that is linked to chemosensitivity in many settings, is upregulated through a novel epigenetic mechanism in both human and murine models of BRCA1-associated ovarian carcinoma. BRCA1-deficient ovarian carcinoma cells exhibit hypermethylation within a p73 regulatory region, which includes the binding site for the p73 transcriptional repressor ZEB1, leading to the abrogation of ZEB1 binding and increased expression of transactivating p73 isoforms (TAp73). Cisplatin chemotherapy induces TAp73 target genes specifically in BRCA1-deficient cells, and knockdown of TAp73 in these cells causes chemoresistance while having little or no effect on BRCA1-expressing tumor cells. In primary ovarian carcinomas, ZEB1 binding site methylation and TAp73 expression correlate with BRCA1 status and with clinical response. Together, these findings uncover a novel regulatory mechanism that supports the contribution of TAp73 as an important mediator of the response to platinum chemotherapy in a subset of ovarian carcinomas. TAp73 might represent a response predictor and potential therapeutic target for enhancing chemosensitivity in this disease. Cancer Res; 70(18); 7155–65. ©2010 AACR.
Surgery in early stage breast cancer should be followed by radiotherapy
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Omission of radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for early stage breast cancer is associated with higher rates of relapse and slightly higher mortality from the disease, a new study has found ( Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2004;96:115-21).

The researchers, led by Dr Vincent Vinh-Hung of the Oncology Center at Academic Hospital in Jette, Belgium, and colleagues did a pooled analysis of 15 published randomised clinical trials of women with early stage breast cancer who …
Acid and gastrin responses during intragastric titration in normal subjects and duodenal ulcer patients with G-cell hyperfunction.
Authors: R G Cooper, G J Dockray, J Calam, R Walker
Journal: Gut (1985)

Amino acid induced acid and gastrin responses during intragastric titration at pH 2.5 and 5.5 were compared in normal subjects and duodenal ulcer patients with G-cell hyperfunction. The latter were identified on the basis of raised basal or maximal acid outputs and increased gastrin responses to feeding. In normal subjects the mixed amino acid meal stimulated only modest increases in serum gastrin, and the highest observed increase was about 30% that after a standard meal. In contrast, in the G-cell hyperfunction group the highest gastrin concentrations were similar to those after a standard meal. In the G-cell hyperfunction group the increment in serum gastrin at pH 2.5 expressed as a proportion of that at pH 5.5 was 0.29 indicating that the capacity of acid to inhibit gastrin release was well established in these patients. Acid secretory rates were close to maximal at both pH 2.5 and 5.5 during intragastric titration in the ulcer patients, but in normal subjects acid output was about 50% maximal at 2.5 and close to maximal at 5.5. The results suggest that the enhanced gastrin response to feeding in G-cell hyperfunction patients is because of increased sensitivity to amino acid stimulation rather than to diminished acid-inhibitory mechanisms.
Complications of the Diuretic Phase of Lower-Nephron Nephrosis
Authors: Iver S. Ravin, Philip R. Aronson, Jacob H. Yules
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

RESUMPTION of urine flow after a period of anuria in lower-nephron nephrosis indicates a return of tubular function, and a favorable outcome may usually be expected. During the days when urinary output is greater than normal, however, renal function may still be abnormal and the condition of the patient precarious. It is the purpose of this paper to direct attention to certain complications that may be encountered after renal tubular function has been resumed, during the period when urinary output is massive.The following case illustrates a number of problems associated with the diuretic phase of lower-nephron nephrosis. Tetany has . . .
Electrical alternans in cardiac tamponade.
Authors: A P Niarchos
Journal: Thorax (1975)

Of nine patients with pericardial effusion due to various causes, four developed cardiac tamponade. Electrical alternans was present in all four, being total in three and ventricular in one. The alternans corresponded very well with the clinical diagnosis of cardiac tamponade and the radiological signs of a large pericardial effusion. In two patients alternans was present even with heart rates below 100 per minute. Apart from the exact (1 : 1) type of electrical alternans, three new types are described, a 2 : 1, 3 : 1, and a varying type. It is concluded that (a) electrical alternans associated with pericardial effusion is strongly suggestive of impending or established cardiac tamponade, and (b) electrical alternans is produced when the heart is oscillating within the pericardial sac distended by fluid with a frequency equal to one-half (exact alternans), one-third (2 : 1 alternans), and one-quarter (3 : 1 alternans) of the heart rate. The aetiology and mechanism of electrical alternans are discussed.
Photodermatitis due to spot welding
Authors: S.A. SHEHADE, P.J. ROBERTS, B.L. DIFFEY, I.S. FOULDS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

The case of a patient with a I-year history of recurrent, severe facial dermatitis is reported. The role of ultraviolet radiation from are welding or other equipment at work in inducing dermatitis is discussed.
A Spy In the House of Medicine
Authors: Alvin M. Cotlar
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<i>A Spy in the House of Medicine</i>tells everything you always wanted to know about medical care in this country but were afraid to ask. Dr George Silver's authoritative writing reflects his expertise as a family doctor, local health officer, professor of social medicine and public health, and Secretary of Health with the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. The book traces the historical development of American medicine and interestingly roots its current status in the past. It then pinpoints a wide variety of problems in medical care delivery in this country and, chapter by chapter, offers solutions or at least alternatives. Even the most partisan supporters of our controversial system will be convinced that improvement is not only advisable but inevitable. Access and availability of medical care and the selection and education of American physicians are widely discussed. Physicians are poorly distributed, not only geographically, but sociologically. The physician-patient
Pulmonary Mast Cells in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: D. Heath, T. Trueman, P. Sukonthamarn
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Pulmonary mast cell counts in cases of mitral stenosis and chronic left ventricular failure confirm Ehrlich's original observation that there is a proliferation of such cells in brown induration of the lung. This mast cell hyperplasia is associated with the laying down of fibrous tissue after chronic lymphatic obstruction with oedema of alveolar walls.
Gastrointestinal Mucosal Repair and Experimental Therapeutics: Edited by C-H Cho, J-Y Wang. Karger Press, 2002, pp 252. ISBN 3-8055-7382-0
Authors: E J Dial
Journal: Gut (2003)

Caution with the use of cyclosporin in pregnancyWe read the article by Alstead and Nelson-Piercy with great interest. 1 We report a case (submitted for publication) of a woman with fulminant ulcerative colitis in the 29th week of pregnancy.Her disease was refractory to steroids, but she refused to have cyclosporin whilst pregnant.She therefore underwent an emergency Caesarean section and was given intravenous cyclosporin post-operatively.After 48 hours of treatment she developed severe hypertension with hypertensive encephalopathy and seizures.Although cyclosporin has been considered to be safe for both mother and foetus, we would like to highlight concerns that it is associated with potentially life threatening side effects.As a result, patients must be counselled thoroughly about the potential morbidity associated with this treatment and monitored closely.We agree with Dr Alstead in that cyclosporin should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy and the postnatal period.
The Ingleby Lectures on the Common Forms of Dyspepsia in Women: Delivered at Mason College, 1894
Authors: R. Saundby
Journal: BMJ (1894)

lie discards all ternms of signification in naming the seeond- ary waves, suchli as -outflow remainder wave" or "tidal" wave, since the, termns hiave not imiet witlh universal recogni-tionI, and simply iiaiiies tlheni in their succession, f st secondary wave, second seconidary wave, and so onl.The side pressure in the aorta was always obtained by inserting the glass tube of hiis manomiieter inito the carotid.2'The animals were always narcotised by morplhine.The pressure imiovements varied (luring pulsation betweein 100 and 130 mim.Hg., so that the pulsatorial increase of pressure amounted to nlot quite one-tllird of the minimnumx pressure.He founid the curve reaclhed its first summiinit on ani
Abstract 1017: Protooncogenic <i>TLR4</i> generates NANOG-dependent tumor-initiating stem-like cells through LIN28-Let7 pathway in experimental and clinical carcinogenesis
Authors: Keigo Machida, Chia-Lin Chen, Jian-Chang Liu, Linda Sher, Lopa Mishra, Hidekazu Tsukamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract [Background] TLR4 signaling activated by alcohol/obesity-associated endotoxemia, induces the stem cell marker Nanog to generate tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TISCs) and liver tumors in the HCV nonstructural protein Ns5a transgenic (Tg) mice but not in wild type or Ns5a Tg mice deficient in TLR4 (Machida and Tsukamoto, PNAS, 2009). However, it is unknown whether the TLR4-NANOG pathway serves as a universal oncogenic signaling in the genesis of TISCs and HCC in other etiological animal models and patients or how TLR4 is upregulated in TLR4-NANOG-dependent TISCs. [Aim] We aimed to determine whether TLR4 is a putative proto-oncogene for TIC in liver oncogenesis due to different etiologies and how TLR4 is regulated at the transcriptional and epigenetic levels. [Methods] CD133+/CD49f+ TISCs were isolated using FACS from HCC developed in HCV Core Tg mice fed alcohol, diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated mice, and alcoholic patients with or without HCV infection. We generated Tg mice with liver-selective overexpression of constitutively active (ca) TLR4 using LAP promoter-driven tTA and Tet-caTLR4. TLR4 promoter-reporter analysis was performed on TISCs from alcohol-fed Core Tg mice. [Results] CD133+/CD49f+ cells isolated from the animal models and patients are tumorigenic both in vitro and in a xenograft model, and TLR4 or NANOG silencing with shRNA attenuates their tumor initiating property. Hepatocyte specific expression of caTLR4 results in spontaneous development of HCC in 35% of the mice. LIN28 and TLR4 expression is 6-fold higher in TISCs compared to CD133-/CD49f+ cells, and the expression of LIN28 increases TLR4 expression with reduction of Let7 microRNA in CD133- cells but not TISCs, suggesting LIN28-mediated Let7 reduction drive TLR4 induction. TLR4 expression and promoter activity are further reduced by a silencing of LIN28 or expression of Let7. LIN28 and NANOG overexpression transform liver stem cells through activation of TLR4-NANOG pathway. [Conclusions] These results demonstrate that CD133+/CD49f+ cells are TLR4/NANOG-dependent TISCs in both experimental and clinical HCC. TLR4 is induced by LIN28 signaling and is a universal proto-oncogene responsible for the genesis of TLR4-NANOG dependent TISCs, and this pathway serves as a novel therapeutic target for HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1017. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1017