tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bone Density in Clinical Practice
Authors: John Abruzzo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 February 1999Bone Density in Clinical PracticeJohn Abruzzo, MDJohn Abruzzo, MDPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. (Abruzzo)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-4_Part_1-199902160-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Bonnick SL. 256 pages. Totowa, NJ: Humana; 1998. $89.50. ISBN 0896035131. Order phone 201-256-1699.Field of medicine: Osteoporosis and bone mass measurement.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Adult medicine primary care providers, rheumatologists, endocrinologists, radiologists, bone densitometrists, and radiologists.Purpose: To provide detailed information on bone densitometry and its role in diagnosing and treating osteoporosis.Content: The first half of the book deals with technical issues, including relevant statistical concepts and quality control. The second half addresses the application and interpretation of densitometry data for predicting fracture risk and for comparative follow-up studies. The book concludes with 10 case illustrations that ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (Abruzzo) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 February 1999Volume 130, Issue 4_Part_1Page: 331-332KeywordsBiomarkersBoneBone densityBone remodelingComputer softwareDensitometryOsteoporosisQuality improvementRadiologists ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 February 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Duration of Action of Beta-blocking Drugs
Authors: S. E. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1973)

SIR,-I was interested to read your leading article (26 May, p. 436) in which the different presentations of typhoid within developed temperate countries and undeveloped African countries was attributed to variations in in- fective, emotional, cultural, and religious backgrounds.Several years ago I had the opportunity of working in a mixed European and Asian conmunity during an outbreak of typhoid.Psychiatric symptoms occurred in no more than 10% of cases, and there was no apparent difference in the incidence of these symptoms between the two racial groups.
Value of the electrocardiogram in localizing the occlusion site in the left anterior descending coronary artery in acute anterior myocardial infarction
Authors: Domien J Engelen, Anton P Gorgels, Emile C Cheriex, Ebo D De Muinck, Anton J Oude Ophuis, Willem R Dassen, Jindra Vainer, Vincent G van Ommen, Hein J Wellens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Rehabilitation after critical illness: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: T. Tan, S. J Brett, T. Stokes
Journal: BMJ (2009)

More than 110 000 people are admitted to critical care units in England and Wales each year,1 of whom 75% survive to be discharged home. Many of these people experience considerable and persistent problems with physical, non-physical, and social functioning after discharge from critical care. This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on rehabilitation after critical illness for adult general critical care patients.2

NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group’s experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice and, in this guidance, also from lessons that can be derived from other clinically relevant fields of patient care. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets.

### Key principles of care

To ensure continuity of care, healthcare professionals with the appropriate competencies should coordinate the patient’s rehabilitation care pathway. The healthcare professionals may be from intensive care or other services (including specialist rehabilitation medicine services) that have access to referral pathways and medical support (if not medically qualified). Key objectives of the coordination are:

[ All the above recommendations are based on the experience and opinion of the Guideline Development Group (GDG) ]

### During the critical care stay

Perform a short clinical assessment to determine …
Changes in cytokine production during therapy with Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Julio Martín, Juan A. Quiroga, Orencio Bosch, Vicente Carreño
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Recombinant human granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor therapy significantly reduces serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels, associated with increased 2′, 5′–oligoadenylate synthetase activity in cultured mononuclear cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B. To assess changes in immune function during therapy of chronic hepatitis B patients, spontaneous and mitogen–induced production of tumor necrosis factor–α, interleukin–1β, interleukin–6, interferon–α and interferon–γ were measured–along with serum levels of soluble CD4, soluble CD8, soluble interleukin–2 receptor and β2–microglobulin–before, during and after a 6–wk course of granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor in nine patients with chronic hepatitis B. Treatment statistically enhanced spontaneous production of tumor necrosis factor–α (p &lt; 0.05) and interleukin–1β (p &lt; 0.02). Furthermore, spontaneous interleukin–6 production correlated negatively with hepatitis B virus DNA levels (p &lt; 0.03), and spontaneous interleukin–1β production correlated positively with 2′, 5′–oligoadenylate synthetase activity (p &lt; 0.0005). In addition, statistically significant increases were found during therapy in serum levels of soluble interleukin–2 receptor (p &lt; 0.01), soluble CD4 (p &lt; 0.01) and β2–microglobulin (p &lt; 0.05). Levels of soluble interleukin–2 receptor and soluble CD4 correlated negatively with levels of hepatitis B virus DNA (p &lt; 0.05), and levels of soluble interleukin–2 receptor and β2–microglobulin correlated positively with 2′, 5′–oligoadenylate synthetase activity (p &lt; 0.003 and p &lt; 0.02, respectively). Thus recombinant human granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor administration may induce reductions in hepatitis B virus DNA levels, perhaps by altering the immune status and increasing cytokine production. (Hepatology 1994;20:1156-1161).
1070. Infectious Delivery and Prolonged Expression of a 135 kb Human Friedreich’s Ataxia Genomic DNA Locus in Human and Mouse Neuronal Cells
Authors: Silvia Gomez-Sebastian, Alfredo Gimenez-Cassina, Javier Diaz-Nido, Filip Lim, Richard Wade-Martins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Friedreich's ataxia (FA) is the most common recessive ataxia, affecting 1–2 in 50,000 Caucasians, and there is currently no effective cure or treatment. FA results from a deficiency in frataxin, a mitochondrial protein, caused by repeat expansion in intron 1 of the FRDA gene. The main areas affected are the central nervous system (particularly the spinocerebellar system) and the cardiac tissue. Therapies aimed at alleviating the neurological degeneration have proved unsuccessful to date, although some treatments based upon administration of antioxidants have been used to treat the cardiac condition. We are interested in developing a functional complementation gene therapy strategy to treat the neurological disorder and correct mitochondrial dysfunction. Recently, we described a novel expression vector termed the infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (iBAC) system which uses the exceptionally high transgene capacity ( 150 kb) and high delivery efficiency of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon vector to express complete genomic DNA loci. We have now generated several iBAC-FRDA vectors which express the entire 80- kb FRDA genomic locus, driven by the endogenous FRDA promoter and including all introns and flanking regulatory sequences within a 135 kb genomic DNA insert. First, we built iBAC-FRDA vectors in which a luciferase or Beta- galactosidase reporter gene is embedded within the FRDA locus and driven by the endogenous promoter. We have demonstrated prolonged reporter gene expression in differentiated SHSY5Y human neuronalcells and in primary mouse cortical neuronal cultures. In mouse primary neuronal cultures, for example, iBAC-FRDA reporter gene expression exceeded expression driven by a strong viral promoter by three-fold after ten days. Such vectors will prove extremely useful in developing therapies based on the upregulation of FRDA expression. Second, we made iBAC-FRDA vectors to express the complete wild-type human FRDA genomic locus. Human FA patient cells have been shown to exhibit subtle biochemical changes, including sensitivity to oxidative stress and increased mitochondrial iron. We have characterized human FA patient primary fibroblasts and shown an absence of frataxin protein expression and high sensitivity to oxidative stress. We then delivered iBAC-FRDA vectors to FA patient primary fibroblasts and showed a high efficiency of delivery and expression of FRDA protein by immunofluorescence. Finally, functional complementation studies to show iBAC-FRDA-mediated restoration of the wild type phenotype in response to oxidative stress are now underway and will be presented. Together these data demonstrate the ability of the iBAC system to express the FRDA complete genomic locus for a prolonged period of time in a range of relevant cell culture models, including human and mouse neuronal cells and FA patient fibroblast cultures.
Antioxidant vitamins C and E administration in smokers: effects on endothelial function and serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule, and lipid hydroperoxides
Authors: Dimitris Tousoulis, Charalambos Antoniades, Marina Toutouza, Costas Tentolouris, Kyriakoula Marinou, George Goumas, Athanasios Trikas, Costas Toutouzas, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Lymph Node Biopsy
Authors: John R. Krause
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This handsome book is designed as a diagnostic atlas of lymph node histopathology. As such, it consists of 312 pages with 300 illustrative photomicrographs, all in color. An introductory chapter deals with techniques of lymph node biopsy, structure of the lymph node and its component cells, and patterns of lymph node response. The T and B lymphoid cell concept of development is included as well as methods and charts for distinguishing T and B cells. The lymph node reactions and disorders are presented according to a decision-tree concept. That is, the lymph node abnormality is initially categorized as to whether the follicular, paracortical, or sinus portion of the node is primarily involved, then cellular characteristics are examined. The pathologist is guided along a diagnostic pathway as to the conditions that might cause the aforementioned reactions, and the differential diagnosis and differentiating features are discussed. At the beginning of each chapter
Cardiac Risk in Noncardiac Geriatric Surgery
Authors: RICHARD BECKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1986Cardiac Risk in Noncardiac Geriatric SurgeryRICHARD BECKER, M.D.RICHARD BECKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-6-887 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We agree with Gerson and coworkers (1) that the Goldman index (2) may provide a low sensitivity for predicting perioperative cardiac complications in the geriatric population. My colleagues and I have recently completed a study to identify patients having perioperative cardiac complications after noncardiac surgery. The average age of our study population was 71 years. There were 28 patients who had operative myocardial infarction, 26 (93%) of which occurred within the first 2 days after surgery. Complications after infarct occurred in 17 patients and included various atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and myocardial...References1. GERSONHURSTHERTZBERG MJV. Cardiac prognosis in noncardiac geriatric surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103(6 pt 1):832-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GOLDMANCALDERANUSSBAUM LDS. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgical procedures. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:845-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. JEFFREYKUNSMANCULLENBREWSTER CJDD. A prospective evaluation of cardiac risk index. Anesthesiology. 1983;58:462-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. GERSONHURSTHERTZBERG MJV. Cardiac prognosis in noncardiac geriatric surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1986;103(6 pt 1):832-7. Google Scholar1. GOLDMANCALDERANUSSBAUM LDS. Multifactorial index of cardiac risk in noncardiac surgical procedures. N Engl J Med. 1977;297:845-50. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GERSONHURSTHERTZBERG MJV. Cardiac prognosis in noncardiac geriatric surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:832-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH 44106 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited by3 Medical aspects of surgery in the elderly patientAlkylaromatic Chlorohydrocarbons 1 June 1986Volume 104, Issue 6Page: 887-888KeywordsArrhythmiaCardiac surgeryGeriatricsHeart failureMyocardial infarctionShockSurgery Issue Published: 1 June 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Radiation Therapy Pursuit Leads to Unearthing of "Hot Bones"
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Radiation Therapy Pursuit Leads to Unearthing of “Hot Bones” Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 21, 7 November 1990, Page 1667, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.21.1667 Published: 07 November 1990
Pathogenic Human Retroviruses
Authors: Samuel Broder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

In the report by Minamoto et al. in this issue of the Journal, we have a striking reminder of the importance of pathogenic retroviruses, a special class of molecular pirates, both to individuals and to the public health in general.1 What we can now say on the basis of the current article and other reports2 is that we must carefully consider the prevalence of single or multiple retroviral infections in certain populations that otherwise appear well and may serve as blood donors. The 20th century has seen unprecedented scientific progress, and so it is ironic that as the century . . .
Reply to Chris Parker and Matthew R. Sydes’ Letter to the Editor re: Ute Ganswindt, Arnulf Stenzl, Michael Bamberg and Claus Belka. Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Patients with Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer—A New Standard? Eur Urol 2008;54:528–42
Authors: Ute Ganswindt, Claus Belka
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Development of Peanut-Induced Intestinal Allergy is Dependent on the Mast Cell-IgE-FcεRI-IL-13 Pathway
Authors: M. Wang, K. Takeda, Y. Shiraishi, M. Okamoto, A. Dakhama, A. Joetham, E.W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Virus antibody levels and delayed hypersensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P E Phillips, J Waxman, Y Hirshaut, M H Kaplan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1976)

Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus antibody levels were not higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to matched controls. Delayed hypersensitivity, measured by skin test reactivity, was depressed in rheumatoid arthritis. There was no correlation between virus antibody titres and delayed hypersensitivity.
Community survey of shoulder disorders in the elderly to assess the natural history and effects of treatment.
Authors: P C Vecchio, R T Kavanagh, B L Hazleman, R H King
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

To assess the natural history and response to treatment of shoulder disorders in a community elderly population.This community study of shoulder pain in the elderly reviewed patients three years after an earlier prevalence study.One hundred and eight of the original 136 patients with an identifiable shoulder disorder were available for reexamination. Eighty (74%) had persisting signs on examination, with persistent symptoms leading to impairment of personal care (21%) and household tasks (27%), and pain on movement (34%). There was no difference between treated and non-treated groups in terms of outcome.The results of this study serve to confirm and highlight the chronicity of shoulder lesions in this age group and the consequent personal suffering and implications for health care.
Irregular regeneration of hepatocytes is an important factor in the hepatocarcinogenesis of liver disease
Authors: Yukiko Ueno, Mitsuhiko Moriyama, Toshikazu Uchida, Yasuyuki Arakawa
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between the degree of irregular regeneration of hepatocytes (IR) and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined the liver biopsy specimens from patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and the noncancerous liver tissue in the surgically resected specimens from patients with HCC. Liver tissues were obtained from 18 patients with B–viral CLD, 38 with C–viral CLD, and 5 with nonB–nonC (NBNC)–CLD who underwent liver biopsy, and 24 patients with B–viral HCC, 67 with C–viral HCC, and 17 with NBNC–HCC who underwent surgical resection. The IR score of the noncancerous region of the liver of the HCC patients and that of the liver biopsy specimens of the CLD patients, were compared. Of the 108 samples of noncancerous liver tissue from the HCC patients, 70% showed an IR score of moderate or higher (IR = 3 or 4), and only 1.9% showed an IR score of none or minimal (IR = 0 or 1). The degree of IR of hepatocytes in the HCC patients was significantly more severe than that in the CLD patients in each etiological type of CLD. High IR may reflect the histologic expression of genetic instability, namely a carcinogenic state, although prospective studies are needed to determine its relationship to the risk for developing HCC.
Effects of low-dose dobutamine on coronary hemodynamics, myocardial metabolism, and anginal threshold in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: I Pacold, B Kleinman, R Gunnar, H S Loeb
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Fourteen patients with coronary artery disease and normal or near-normal left ventricular function were studied at rest and during atrial pacing until the occurrence of angina (12 patients) before and during infusion of dobutamine (3.80 +/- 0.45 micrograms/kg/min). At rest, during the infusion, three patients developed chest pain, mean ST segment depression increased from 0.02 to 0.08 mV (p less than .001), and myocardial lactate extraction fell from +17.5% to -1.4% (p less than .05). These ischemic changes were associated with significant increases in arterial systolic pressure (134 to 149 mm Hg), heart rate (79 to 91 beats/min), coronary sinus flow (89 to 113 ml/min), and myocardial oxygen consumption (10.8 to 13.5 cc/min). In contrast, during atrial pacing, dobutamine did not reduce the pacing threshold or further increase myocardial oxygen consumption or ST segment changes; however, arterial mean and diastolic pressures were significantly lower with pacing during dobutamine infusion compared with control pacing. In the absence of heart failure, dobutamine in low doses can cause myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. The absence of increased ischemia from dobutamine during pacing may reflect reversal of pacing-induced ventricular dysfunction.
Baker Cyst as Seen on a PET/CT Scan
Authors: Sanjeev Bagga
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

We present the case of a 48-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with multiple myeloma a year ago. She had persistent pain in her right knee that she tended to ignore. As part of her follow-up she underwent a PET/CT scan that did not show any metastatic lesions. However, a focal rounded area of FDG uptake behind her right knee showed a fluid density on the CT scan. A presumptive diagnosis of Baker cyst was suggested. Review of her previous MRI report performed at another hospital corroborated this finding.
Forestalling a food fight over color
Authors: Daniel C. Dennett
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

The disagreement between “color realists” and “color eliminativists” is better seen as a disagreement over pedagogical policies, about how best to satisfy lay curiosity about “what color is,” than as a clash of substantive theories. To suppose otherwise is to endow the ordinary language term “color” with more authority than it can bear.
Burkina Faso struggles to reduce maternal mortality
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Despite tremendous efforts that have reduced maternal mortality rates in Burkina Faso, thousands of women still die every year from complications arising from pregnancy and childbirth, says a new report by Amnesty International, which maintains that most of the deaths can be prevented.

Amnesty says there are many reasons why women in this impoverished west African country do not receive the health care they need. These include: “lack of information on sexual and reproductive health and rights; women’s low status, which undermines their right to decide whether, when and how many children to have; social and economic barriers, notably the cost of medical …
Treatment of psoriasis with a 311-nm UVB lamp
Authors: E. PICOT, L. MEUNIER, M.C. PICOT-DEBEZE, J.L. PEYRON, J. MEYNADIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

In a left‐right comparative study, the Philips TL‐01 sunlamp, a new UVB fluorescent lamp, was evaluated in 15 patients with symmetrical psoriasis. One half of the body was treated in a cabin containing TL‐01 lamps, and the other half in a cabin containing TL‐12 lamps. The patients were treated three times/week, and the study was conducted in a randomized, double‐blind fashion. The percentage response of psoriatic lesions was determined on the tenth and twentieth exposures. The therapeutic effect of the TL‐01 lamps was superior to that of the TL‐12 lamps, and treatment was better tolerated, particularly with regard to episodes of burning. This new lamp appears to provide more effective and safer phototherapy for psoriasis.
Pituicytoma with Gelsolin Amyloid Deposition
Authors: Cristiane M. Ida, Xiaoling Yan, Mark E. Jentoft, N. Sertac Kip, Bernd W. Scheithauer, Jonathan M. Morris, Ahmet Dogan, Joseph E. Parisi, Kalman Kovacs
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2013)
Otitis Media in Infants and Children
Authors: Hugh A. Carithers
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This timely book presents a logical, intelligent approach to the problem of otitis media. Among children this is the second most common infection, ranking just below infections of the upper respiratory tract. Moreover, ear infections may be the most frequently occurring condition for which physicians to the young prescribe antibiotics, depending on how often they use drugs for sore throats. The confusion concerning otitis media among many physicians has been created, in part, by the lack of definition of terms by those who have written on the subject. When approaching this beautifully designed and clearly conceived monograph, which contains excellent illustrations and line drawings, the reader should start with the foreword and proceed through the first chapter on "Definitions, Terminology and Classification." The following chapters on "Anatomy," "Physiology, Pathology and Pathogenesis," "Epidemiology," "Microbiology," "Immunology," and "Diagnosis" might be read with less care or skipped in part, because the next chapter,