tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of GLUT3 placental glucose transporter in diabetic rats.
Authors: P Boileau, C Mrejen, J Girard, S Hauguel-de Mouzon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

The localization of the two major placental glucose transporter isoforms, GLUT1 and GLUT3 was studied in 20-d pregnant rats. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that GLUT1 protein is expressed ubiquitously in the junctional zone (maternal side) and the labyrinthine zone (fetal side) of the placenta. In contrast, expression of GLUT3 protein is restricted to the labyrinthine zone, specialized in nutrient transfer. After 19-d maternal insulinopenic diabetes (streptozotocin), placental GLUT3 mRNA and protein levels were increased four-to-fivefold compared to nondiabetic rats, whereas GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels remained unmodified. Placental 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glycogen concentration were also increased fivefold in diabetic rats. These data suggest that GLUT3 plays a major role in placental glucose uptake and metabolism. The role of hyperglycemia in the regulation of GLUT3 expression was assessed by lowering the glycemia of diabetic pregnant rats. After a 5-d phlorizin infusion to pregnant diabetic rats, placental GLUT3 mRNA and protein levels returned to levels similar to those observed in nondiabetic rats. Furthermore, a short-term hyperglycemia (12 h), achieved by performing hyperglycemic clamps induced a fourfold increase in placental GLUT3 mRNA and protein with no concomitant change in GLUT1 expression. This study provides the first evidence that placental GLUT3 mRNA and protein expression can be stimulated in vivo under hyperglycemic conditions. Thus, GLUT3 transporter isoform appears to be highly sensitive to ambient glucose levels and may play a pivotal role in the severe alterations of placental function observed in diabetic pregnancies.
Effect of Frusemide, Lactose, and Urea on Urinary Cell Loss
Authors: A. E. Gent, J. F. N. Taylor, C. G. D. Brook
Journal: BMJ (1968)

With the use of a staining method by which cells in the urine can be differentiated, the effect of oral frusemide, lactose, and urea on the rate of excretion of these cells was investigated in five healthy persons.It is shown that frusemide greatly increases the urinary excretion of red cells, white cells, and renal tubular cells. Similar though not so marked changes were produced by both lactose and urea. Possible reasons for the increased excretion of cells are discussed. One is that it may be the result of an increase in the rate of urinary flow.
The Sequential Combination of Cognitive Behavioral Treatment and Well-Being Therapy in Cyclothymic Disorder
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Chiara Rafanelli, Elena Tomba, Jenny Guidi, Silvana Grandi
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2011)

There is a lack of controlled studies of psychological treatment of cyclothymic disorder. The aim of this investigation was to examine the benefits of the sequential combination of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and well-being therapy (WBT) compared to clinical management (CM) in DSM-IV cyclothymic disorder.Sixty-two patients with DSM-IV cyclothymic disorder were randomly assigned to CBT/WBT (n = 31) or CM (n = 31). Both CBT/WBT and CM consisted of ten 45-min sessions every other week. An independent blind evaluator assessed the patients before treatment, after therapy, and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. The outcomes included total score of the change version of the Clinical Interview for Depression, and the Mania Scale. All analyses were performed on an intent-to-treat basis.Significant differences were found in all outcome measures, with greater improvements after treatment in the CBT/WBT group compared to the CM group. Therapeutic gains were maintained at 1- and 2-year follow-ups.A sequential combination of CBT and WBT, which addresses both polarities of mood swings and comorbid anxiety, was found to yield significant and persistent benefits in cyclothymic disorder.
Spontaneous variability of simple and complex ventricular premature contractions during long time intervals in patients with severe organic heart disease.
Authors: G Schmidt, K Ulm, P Barthel, L Goedel-Meinen, G Jahns, W Baedeker
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Calculations of the spontaneous variability of ventricular arrhythmias are usually based upon the results of Holter electrocardiograms recorded either successively or separated by a short time interval. Only recently was it shown that the variability of ventricular premature contractions increases with longer intervals. This study was undertaken to investigate the variability of simple and complex ventricular arrhythmias over long periods to derive efficacy criteria for long-term antiarrhythmic therapy. In a prospective study, the influence of the length of the time interval on spontaneous variability was investigated in 100 patients with coronary artery disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and untreated ventricular arrhythmia Lown grade IV. Patient follow-up was carried out for 260 +/- 387 days. In each of the 498 ambulatory Holter tapes, the mean hourly arrhythmia count (AC) of ventricular premature contractions, couplets, and salvos was verified. The variability of arrhythmia counts between two Holter electrocardiograms was defined as the logarithm of the ratio of (ACday 2 + 0.01) to (ACday 1 + 0.01). The 95% intervals for these ratios were calculated as +/- 2 SD, considering the fact that all mean values did not differ significantly from zero. The lower limit of these intervals refers to the reduction that is required for assuming drug efficacy, whereas the upper limit refers to an aggravation. The 95% intervals were calculated for each of four ranges of control intervals (0-6, 7-89, 90-364, and greater than or equal to 365 days). They increased significantly with longer control intervals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Use of Research Biopsies in Clinical Trials: Are Risks and Benefits Adequately Discussed?
Authors: Michael J. Overman, Janhavi Modak, Scott Kopetz, Ravi Murthy, James C. Yao, Marshall E. Hicks, James L. Abbruzzese, Alda L. Tam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Purpose Although the incorporation of research biopsies into clinical trials is increasing, limited information is available about how study protocols and informed consents integrate and describe their use. Methods All therapeutic clinical trials in which image-guided research biopsies were performed from January 1, 2005, to October 1, 2010, were identified from an interventional radiology database. Data from study protocols and informed consents were extracted and analyzed. Procedural complications were recorded. Results A total of 57 clinical trials were identified, of which 38 (67%) contained at least one mandatory biopsy. The analysis of the research biopsy tumor tissue was a study end point in 95% of trials. The primary indication for a research biopsy was for integral biomarker analysis in 32% and for correlative science in 68% of trials. A statistical analytic plan for the correlative science research biopsy tumor tissue was mentioned in 26%, described as exploratory in 51%, and not mentioned in 23% of trials. For studies with mandatory biopsies, biopsy was an eligibility criterion in 71% of trials, and a statistical justification for the research biopsy sample size was present in 50% of trials. A total of 745 research biopsies were performed on 576 patients. Overall and major complication rates were 5.2% (39 of 745 biopsies) and 0.8% (six of 745 biopsies), respectively. Complication rates for intrathoracic and abdominal/pelvic solid organ biopsies were 17.1% (36 of 211 biopsies) and 1.6% (three of 189 biopsies), respectively. Site-stratified research biopsy–related risks were discussed in five consents. Conclusion A better representation of the risks and benefits of research biopsies in study protocols and informed consents is needed.
Choreoathetosis and Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: S. K. DHAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 March 1974Choreoathetosis and ThyrotoxicosisS. K. DHAR, M.R.C.P., C. P. V. NAIR, F.R.C.P. (c)S. K. DHAR, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, C. P. V. NAIR, F.R.C.P. (c)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-3-426_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Choreoathetosis has been described recently (1, 2) as a presenting feature of thyrotoxicosis in a young woman. The case we describe is that of a middle-aged man whose initial manifestation of thyrotoxicosis was choreiform movement, which responded to therapy with a beta-adrenergic blocker.A 46-year-old man was admitted to the Regina General Hospital because of increasing involuntary movement for about four months. He had no history of weight loss, heat intolerance, palpitation, or diarrhea. Significant physical findings were well-marked, grimacing movements of his face and irregular, rapid, nonrepetitive movements of the distal parts of all limbs (choreoathetoid)....References1. HEFFONEATON WR: Thyrotoxicosis presenting as choreoathetosis. Ann Intern Med 73:425-428, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar2. FIDLERO'ROURKEBUCHSBAUM SRH: Choreoathetosis as a manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. Neurology (Minneap) 21:55-57, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KUSCHKEWERNZEBECKER HHG: Sympatho-adrenal activity in thyrotoxicosis (letter). Br Med J 1:1656, 1960 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. LEEMORIMOTOBRONSKY WPD: Studies of thyroid and sympathetic nervous system interrelationships. I. The blepharoptosis of myxedema. J Clin Endocrinol 21:1402-1412, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KLAWANSRUBOVITE HR: Central cholinergic-anticholinergic antagonism in Huntingdon's chorea. Neourology (Minneap) 22:107-116, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Regina General Hospital Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHyperthyroid choreaChorea associated with thyroxine replacement therapyBilateral chorea-ballism associated with hyperthyroidismEfficacy of propranolol in hyperthyroid-induced chorea: A case reportSubclinical hyperthyroidism and hyperkinetic behavior in childrenForewordNeurologic complications of thyroid and parathyroid diseaseNeurologic Complications of Endocrine DiseasesHyperthyroid Chorea in an Elderly Woman Associated with Sole Elevation of T 3Metabolic EncephalopathiesThyrotoxicosis Presenting with Choreoathetosis and Severe MyopathyParoxysmal choreoathetosis associated with thyrotoxicosisHyperthyroidism as a cause of persistent choreic movements 1 March 1974Volume 80, Issue 3Page: 426-427KeywordsDiarrheaWeight loss Issue Published: 1 March 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
ICU-Acquired Pneumonia Due to Flavobacterium meningosepticum
Authors: Daniel Teres
Journal: JAMA (1974)

FLAVOBACTERIUM meningosepticumis a nonfermentative Gramnegative bacillus that is extremely resistant to the potent aminoglycosides and polymyxins, yet sensitive to antibiotics that act primarily on Gram-positive bacteria. Known to cause meningitis in premature and newborn infants,1F. meningosepticumhas also been identified in contaminated anesthetic vials in an epidemic in an operating room.2  Report of a Case  A 14-year-old girl fell from a horse and, despite the protection of a helmet, became comatose.  The patient's history was unremarkable except for hayfever. Her temperature was 38.3 C (101 F); blood pressure was 120/70 mm Hg. There was bilateral decerebrate posturing. The left pupil measured 3.5 mm; the right, 2.5 mm. The left ocular disk was blurred, without pulsations; the right ocular disk was not blurred. There were no extraocular eye movements, and ice-water caloric stimulation did not produce nystagmus. There was brisk bilateral extensor toe response.  Lumbar puncture showed
Resolution of HCV infection after highly active antiretroviral therapy in a HIV–HCV coinfected patient
Authors: Francesco G. De Rosa, Sabrina Audagnotto, Olivia Bargiacchi, Silvia Garazzino, Diego Aguilar Marucco, Lorenzo Veronese, Francesca Canta, Stefano Bonora, Alessandro Sinicco, Giovanni Di Perri
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Airflow obstruction, lung function, and risk of incident heart failure: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
Authors: Sunil K. Agarwal, Gerardo Heiss, R. Graham Barr, Patricia P. Chang, Laura R. Loehr, Lloyd E. Chambless, Eyal Shahar, Dalane W. Kitzman, Wayne D. Rosamond
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
A case of Sjögren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, previous ulcerative colitis and gastric autoantibodies
Authors: N.H. COX, J. D. McCREA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We describe a patient with sicca syndrome, Raynaud's phenomenon and fixed waxy skin lesions. Investigations confirmed both Sjögren's syndrome and sarcoidosis. The patient had previously had ulcerative colitis and other antibody evidence of autoimmunity. The spectrum of disorders reported in association with Sjögren's syndrome and sarcoidosis is wider than suggested in the acronym TASS syndrome (thyroiditis, Addison's disease, Sjögren's syndrome and sarcoidosis), and we suggest that the acronym TOASSUC (thyroiditis, other autoimmunity, Sjögren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, ulcerative colitis) includes a wider range of disorders and may be more memorable.
How far should we extend the equilibrium point (lambda) hypothesis?
Authors: Jack M. Winters
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1995)

Abstract A key feature of the lambda model is the hypothesis of a local spring-like muscle-reflex system defined by a central control variable that has units of position. This is intriguing, especially for a study of postural stability in large-scale systems, but it has limited direct application to skilled everyday movements. If movement is considered as a goal-directed, neuro-optimization problem, however, the availability of lambda-like peripheral models (vs. conventional musculoskeletal models) deserves exploration.
Guggulsterone, a Farnesoid X Receptor Antagonist, Inhibits Constitutive and Inducible STAT3 Activation through Induction of a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1
Authors: Kwang Seok Ahn, Gautam Sethi, Bokyung Sung, Ajay Goel, Ranju Ralhan, Bharat B. Aggarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Signal transducers and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that has been associated with survival, proliferation, chemoresistance, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Whether the apoptotic, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic effects of guggulsterone (GS), a farnesoid X receptor antagonist, are linked to its ability to suppress STAT3 activation was investigated. We found that the Z but not the E stereoisomer of GS inhibited both constitutive and interleukin-6-induced STAT3 activation in human multiple myeloma cells. The suppression of STAT3 was mediated through the inhibition of activation of protein tyrosine kinases Janus-activated kinase 2 and c-Src. Vanadate treatment reversed the GS-induced down-regulation of STAT3, suggesting the involvement of a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Indeed, we found that GS induced the expression of both the protein and mRNA for tyrosine protein phosphatase SHP-1 that was not due to demethylation of the SHP-1 promoter previously implicated in the epigenetic silencing of SHP-1. Moreover, knockdown of SHP-1 by small interfering RNA suppressed the effect of GS on induction of SHP-1 and on the inhibition of STAT3 activation, thereby implicating SHP-1 in the action of GS. Finally, GS down-regulated the expression of STAT3-regulated antiapoptotic (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1), proliferative (cyclin D1), and angiogenic (VEGF) gene products; and this correlated with suppression of proliferation, the accumulation of cells in sub-G(1) phase of cell cycle, and induction of apoptosis. Overall, these results suggest that GS is a novel blocker of STAT3 activation and thus may have a potential in regulation of growth and metastasis of tumor cells.
Nifedipine in Pheochromocytoma
Authors: LAURENT FAVRE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1986Nifedipine in PheochromocytomaLAURENT FAVRE, M.D., MICHEL B. VALLOTTON, M.D.LAURENT FAVRE, M.D., MICHEL B. VALLOTTON, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-1-125_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The calcium antagonist nifedipine has been shown to suppress symptoms in two patients with pheochromocytoma (1, 2) while decreasing urinary norepinephrine and vanillylmandelic acid levels in one (1) and without changing plasma catecholamine levels in the other (2). To compare the therapeutic effects of Ca2+ antagonism on the endocrine secretion and the vascular action of catecholamines in two normotensive patients with pheochromocytoma, we assessed the ability of nifedipine to suppress the pressor responses to a provocative test with the dopamine antagonist metoclopramide (3).A 35-year-old man had an adrenal pheochromocytoma secreting epinephrine and norepinephrine. Because his basal...References1. SERFASSHOBACKLORELL DDB. Phaeochromocytoma and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: apparent suppression of symptoms and noradrenaline secretion by calcium-channel blockade. Lancet. 1983;2:711-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LENDERSSLUITTERTHIENWILLEMSEN JHTJ. Treatment of a phaeochromocytoma of the urinary bladder with nifedipine. Br Med J. 1985;290:1624-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PLOUINMENARDCORVOL PJP. Hypertensive crisis in patient with phaeochromocytoma given metoclopramide. Lancet. 1977;1:1357-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BIANCHETTIBERETTA-PICCOLIWEIDMANN MCP. Calcium and blood pressure regulation in normal and hypertensive subjects. Hypertension. 1983;5(suppl II):II-57-65. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hôpital Cantonal Universitaire 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCatecholamine-Induced CardiomyopathyFeocromocitoma: actualización diagnóstica y terapéuticaManagement and Treatment of Pheochromocytomas and ParagangliomasFeocromocitomaPheochromocytoma: State-of-the-Art and Future ProspectsPheochromocytomaPerioperative management of pheochromocytomaIndependent Modulation of L-type Ca2+ Channel in Guinea Pig Ventricular Cells by Nitrendipine and Isoproterenol.HORMONAL AND HUMERAL CONSIDERATIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE DISEASESecondary hypertension: Evaluation and treatmentIndications for Calcium AntagonistsPheochromocytomaIndikationen für Calcium-AntagonistenNifedipine in hypertensive emergencies: A prospective study 1 January 1986Volume 104, Issue 1Page: 125-125KeywordsBlood plasmaCalciumCatecholaminesDopamineEndocrine therapyEpinephrineNorepinephrinePheochromocytoma Issue Published: 1 January 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Immune Adherence–mediated Opsonophagocytosis: The Mechanism of <i>Leishmania</i> Infection
Authors: Mercedes Domínguez, Alfredo Toraño
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

To mimic the sandfly pool feeding process and characterize the cellular and biochemical events that occur during the early stages of promastigote–host interaction, we developed an ex vivo model of human blood infection with Leishmania promastigotes. Within 30 s of blood contact, Leishmania promastigotes bind natural anti–Leishmania antibodies, which then activate the classical complement pathway and opsonization by the third component of complement. The opsonized promastigotes undergo an immune adherence reaction and bind quantitatively to erythrocyte CR1 receptors; opsonized Leishmania amastigotes also bind to erythrocytes. Progression of infection implies promastigote transfer from erythrocytes to acceptor blood leukocytes. After 10 min of ex vivo infection, 25% of all leukocytes contain intracellular parasites, indicating that blood cells are the early targets for the invading promastigotes. We propose that adaptation to the immune adherence mechanism aids Leishmania survival, promoting rapid promastigote phagocytosis by leukocytes. This facilitates host colonization and may represent the parasite's earliest survival strategy. In light of this mechanism, it is unlikely that infection-blocking vaccines can be developed.
A1.38 Mesenchymal stem cells induce non-classical IL-10-producing regulatory TH17 cells in arthritis: role of gilz
Authors: P Luz-Crawford, G Tejedor, A L Bonnefont, E Morand, E Beaulieu, C Jorgensen, D Noël, F Djouad
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Regulatory T (Treg) cells have a critical inhibitory effect in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and are a potential target for therapies that suppress inflammation. Induction of Treg cells by mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is proposed as one mechanism through which they exert immunosuppressive effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic potential of MSC in a murine model of RA and to better understand how the immune <i>balance</i> between Th1/<i>Th17</i> and <i>Treg</i> cells is regulated following MSC injection. We focused our study on the role of Gilz which was recently described as an inhibitor of immune-inflammatory responses in RA. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> MSC deficient for Gilz (Gilz<sup>-/-</sup> MSC) were isolated from knockout mice. Their therapeutic effect after intravenous administration was compared to that of WT MSC in collagen-<i>induced arthritis</i> (CIA). The <i>in vivo</i> suppressive mechanism on effector T cell proliferation and the generation of regulatory T cells were also investigated. <h3>Results</h3> Analysis of clinical and immunological parameters revealed that Gilz expression is crucial for the ability of MSC to control the progression of experimental arthritis. Moreover, we showed that while MSC reduce the frequency of Th1 and Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes during arthritis development, Gilz<sup>-/-</sup> MSC did not. This significant decrease of Th1 and Th17 frequency following MSC injection was associated with the generation of IL-10-producing regulatory Th17 cells, an effect absent in Gilz<sup>-/-</sup> MSC treated mice. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our results demonstrate the requirement for Gilz in the therapeutic effect of MSC in a model of RA. We propose that the suppressive effect of MSC is mediated by the Gilz-dependent generation of new population of functional regulatory T cells bearing the CD4<sup>+</sup>RORγT<sup>+</sup>IL17<sup>Low</sup>IL10<sup>+</sup> signature.
GP is suspended for dishonesty in preparing whiplash injury report
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A GP has been suspended for six months by the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service after he prepared a bogus whiplash injury report for his stepdaughter’s boyfriend, only to be reported to the General Medical Council by the boyfriend after a family dispute.

Anthony Kaufman of Chester built an extensive practice working for solicitors and medical agencies and has written more than 10 000 medical reports for personal injury claims. Since 2011 he provided reports for Countrywide Doctors’ Services Limited, a company started by his wife, Pauline Kaufman, who was the …