tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intussusception in infants.
Authors: P. F. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Solving the problems with patient controlled analgesia SIR,-Miranda Farmer and N J N Harper describe a situation in which patients do not understand the function of the activating button on the patient controlled analgesia system and house officers and junior nursing staff are allowed to programme the pumps.'We sympathise with the problems they have encountered, but in such circumstances problems are not unexpected; they are inevitable.In our hospital we have followed the advice of the Report of the Working Party on Pain After Surgery' and established an acute pain team.One of our first tasks has been to introduce the use of patient controlled analgesia.We have written protocols, guidelines, and quality standards and introduced training programmes for anaesthetists and ward nursing staff.Only trained staff are allowed to change syringes or alter the pump settings.Patients are given a full explanation of the pump before operation and are also supplied with an information leaflet.We believe this approach will result in a high quality, safe service and so far we have not had problems such as those described by Farmer and Harper.Our acute pain team is multidisciplinary and comprises a consultant anaesthetist, four part time acute pain nurses, a pharmacist, and a clinical psychologist.We see the team's remit as being far wider than simply the introduction of patient controlled analgesia.We aim to supervise the effective use of established methods of pain relief, to evaluate and introduce new methods, to provide education and training, and to audit the effects of our activities.Farmer and Harper conclude "The introduction of a patient controlled analgesia service demands more than simply buying the equipment."We agree-but, more importantly, the provision of effective postoperative analgesia requires far more than a patient controlled analgesia service; it requires a multidisciplinary team approach using a range of techniques.
Undetectable caeruloplasmin values in a patient with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.
Authors: Y Ilan, M Hillman, R Oren, E Galun, M Shalit
Journal: Gut (1991)

Caeruloplasmin is an alpha 2 protein produced in the liver that is responsible for transporting copper in the blood. Caeruloplasmin values are usually high in patients with chronic liver diseases, including chronic active hepatitis: low values, however, are characteristic of Wilson9s disease. The case of a 17 year old woman with very low caeruloplasmin values and chronic active hepatitis of the lupoid type is described. Steroid treatment resulted in an increase in the caeruloplasmin concentration and clinical improvement.
Fatal Cardiac Tamponade
Authors: M. H. Parsa
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Drs Sheep and Guiney entitled "Fatal Cardiac Tamponade: Occurrence With Other Complications After Left Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization" (1982;428:1632) indicates one of the potential hazards of central venous catheterization and indwelling catheters. However, in a personal series of more than 9,000 central venous catheters since May 1968, I have not encountered this complication (6,000 semirigid polyethylene and 3,000 soft silicone).<sup>1,2</sup>Based on this experience, I wish to outline some pertinent points that may help prevent similar complications. The pericardial tamponade is the result of the tip of the rigid catheter being positioned against the wall of the vein and motions of the heart having driven the tip through the wall of the vein. This complication can occur with a rigid catheter inserted through any vein as long as the tip is against the wall of the superior vena cava in the intrapericardial part.
Infection of a Secondary Carcinoma by Salmonella montevideo
Authors: F. O. Graham, P. N. Coleman
Journal: BMJ (1952)

<h3>Background</h3> Deleterious mutations in the autophagy regulator TANK1-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) cause ALS (Freischmidt A et al., 2015), and at the same time TBK1 overexpression protects against mutant HTT (mHTT) aggregation and toxicity (Hegde RN et al., 2020). The latter aspect most strongly suggests that enhancement of TBK1 expression by (epi-) genetic means could be a potential therapeutic strategy in HD patients. <h3>Aims</h3> Here we aim at understanding the kinase-independent role of TBK1 in autophagy and HD progression. <h3>Methods/Techniques</h3> Our group has generated Tbk1E696K knock-in mice with a partial loss of TBK1 function and a block in the autophagic flux, while kinase activity is preserved (Brenner et al, unpublished). This model is available to differentiate between kinase activity-dependent and -independent roles of TBK1 for protection against mHTT accumulation and toxicity. <h3>Results/Outcome</h3> We generated mutant mice carrying a heterozygous Tbk1E696K knock-in mutation in combination with the expression of mHTT in the zQ175 model. We monitored the accumulation of mHTT intra-nuclear and extra-nuclear inclusions at a pre-symptomatic and early symptomatic stage by immunostaining and image analyses. We found a consistent increase in the number of mHTT inclusions in the double mutant mice. Moreover, we detected alterations of phospho-TBK1 levels in the striatum and cortex of zQ175. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results suggest that endogenous TBK1 might control disease progression in HD mice due to its function in autophagy. Moreover, this model may be used to identify cellular and molecular changes triggered and shared by mHTT and mTBK1 mice in the early disease stages.
The mechanism of apparent right bundle branch block after transatrial repair of tetralogy of Fallot.
Authors: L N Horowitz, M B Simson, J F Spear, M E Josephson, E N Moore, J A Alexander, J A Kastor, L H Edmunds
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The electrocardiographic pattern of right bundle branch block (RBBB) is routinely observed after transatrial repair of tetralogy of Fallot even though no ventriculotomy has been performed. The mechanism of this conduction disturbance was studied in 16 patients with tetralogy of Fallot and one patient with infundibular pulmonic stenosis. Preoperative ECGs and vectorcardiograms showed right ventricular hypertrophy and no RBBB. Epicardial activation maps were obtained before and after total surgical repair in all patients and after infundibular resection but before closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) in four of these patients. After infundibular resection, RBBB appeared and activation was markedly delayed (greater than 30 msec) over the pulmonary outflow tract, but was unchanged over the body of the right ventricle. No further changes in ventricular activation occurred after closure of the VSD. This study shows that RBBB after transatrial repair of tetralogy of Fallot is usually produced by infundibular resection, but not by VSD closure, and is associated with delayed activation of the pulmonary outflow tract and base of the right ventricle which results from damage to portions of the right ventricular conduction system.
The Effects of Preparations of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin on AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma
Authors: Parkash S. Gill, Yanto Lunardi-Iskandar, Stan Louie, Anil Tulpule, Tong Zheng, Byron M. Espina, Jacques M. Besnier, Philippe Hermans, Alexandra M. Levine, Joseph L. Bryant, Robert C. Gallo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common cancer in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Recently, certain preparations of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) have been shown to inhibit the growth of Kaposi's sarcoma cell lines in vitro and in immunodeficient mice.
Chemical Mixtures: Considering the Evolution of Toxicology and Chemical Assessment
Authors: Emily Monosson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The assessment of chemical mixtures is a complex topic for toxicologists, regulators, and the public. In this article the linkage between the science of toxicology and the needs of governmental regulatory agencies in the United States is explored through an overview of environmental regulations enacted over the past century and a brief history of modern toxicology. One of the goals of this overview is to encourage both regulators and scientists to consider the benefits and limitations of this science-regulatory relationship as they tackle existing issues such as chemical mixtures. It is clear that a) over the past 100 years chemical regulation and toxicologic research, have in large part, shared a common emphasis on characterization and regulation of individual chemicals. But chemical mixtures have been, and continue to be, evaluated at hazardous waste sites around the United States. For this reason the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for chemical mixtures assessment are also reviewed. These guidelines highlight the current practice of mixtures assessment, which relies primarily on the existing single-chemical database. It is also clear that b) the science and assessment of chemical mixtures are moving forward through the combined efforts of regulatory agencies and scientists from a broad range of disciplines, including toxicology. Because toxicology is at this exciting crossroads, particular attention should be paid to the forces (e.g., public demands, regulatory needs, funding, academic interests) that both promote and limit the growth of this expanding discipline.
Abstract P3-04-07: Loss of Expression of the 14-3-3 Sigma by CpG Island Methylation and Relations with Prognostic Factor in Breast Cancer
Authors: J Martínez-Galán, B Torres-Torres, S Ríos, R Del Moral, MI Nuñez, E González-Flores, V Conde, J Peñalver, JR Delgado, Almodóvar M. Ruiz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Expression of 14-3-3 σ is a tumor suppressor gene induced in response to DNA damage, and has been implicated in G2/M cell cycle arrest by p53. Hypermethylation of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes is now firmly established as an important mechanism for gene inactivation. Objetive: To correlation methylation levels of promoter 14-3-3σ with association prognostic factors in breast cancer.Material and Methods:This is a prospective study we quantified methylation levels of promoter 14-3-3 σ gene in 107 women with breast cancer and 108 control subjects by Real Time QMS-PCR SYBR green and analyzed association with prognostics factor in breast cancer. Results: Median age was 58 years (32-88); 69% were postmenopausal women.Nodal involvement N0; 63%,N1;30%,N2;7%), tumor size (T1;58%,T2;35%,T3;4%,T4;4%) and grade G1; 20%,G2;37%,G3;30%). The methylation of 14-3-3σ were 60% of sporadic breast cancer patients and were 34% of normal breast (p=0.0047).The methylation of 14-3-3σ gene in serum was markedly related with T3-4 stage (P&amp;lt;0.05),nodal positive status (P&amp;lt;0.05) and poor outcome. With a median follow up 6 years we saw more probability of developing distance metastasis in patients with methylation 14-3-3σ (P&amp;gt;0.05).Conclusions:Hypermethylation of the 14-3-3σ a promoter is an early and frequent event in breast neoplastic transformation, leading to the suggestion that silencing of 14-3-3σ may be an important event in tumor progression and particularly in breast carcinogenesis.Therefore, it is possible that loss of σ expression contributes to malignant transformation by impairing the G2 cell cycle checkpoint function, thus allowing an accumulation of genetic defects. Perhaps in the detection of CpG methylation of 14-3-3σ may be used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-07.
Transparent pricing of vaccines would help poor as well as rich countries
Authors: R. Hecht, M. Kaddar, S. Schmitt
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The BMJ ’s editor, Fiona Godlee, recently challenged the UK government to publish the price it pays for vaccines, including the new vaccine Cervarix, which helps prevent cervical cancer ( BMJ 2011;343:d6239, doi:10.1136/bmj.d6239). Price transparency is not just a matter for the United Kingdom, however: it is a point of vigorous debate and growing urgency in countries around the world.1

Until recently, only a handful of nations—notably the United States, through its large public sector vaccine programme for children, run by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention—published the prices that they were paying for vaccines. Yet the questions of how much taxpayers’ money is being spent on vaccines, and which companies are winning the public tenders, is becoming ever more important as science and industry develop a new generation of life saving vaccines.

Beyond the traditional antigens for measles, tetanus, and polio, new vaccines that prevent childhood pneumonia and rotavirus diarrhoea are now in use, as well as cancer blocking vaccines for hepatitis B (liver cancer) and human papillomavirus (cervical cancer). Better vaccines for typhoid are just a few years away. A first vaccine against malaria is in advanced trials and showing promising results.2

These fruits of government and private sector investment will save millions of lives …
Advertisements for doctors with particular religious beliefs
Authors: N. H N Mills
Journal: BMJ (1983)

child whose parents are typhoid carriers.Health visitors and general practitioners would have to become more involved than at present, but at least health visitors have a statutory right of entry.Social work would continue to be vital: it would be wrong (and impossible) to take all these children into care, and with skilled help such as that available at present most of the problem families could be kept together, to the eventual benefit of the children.But the decision to intervene would not have to be taken by a social worker and his senior colleagues, who would perhaps be deeply involved in helping the family.A case conference called by a community doctor would be more likely to be attended by the general practitioner caring for the family.
Medical Complications during Pregnancy
Authors: Joel G. Ray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Medical Writings: Book Notes21 March 2000Medical Complications during PregnancyJoel G. Ray, MDJoel G. Ray, MDUniversity of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. (Ray)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-6-200003210-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Fifth edition. Burrow GN, Duffy TP, eds. 542 pages. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1999. $79.00. ISBN 0721675085. Order phone 800-545-2522.Field of medicine: General internal medicine and obstetrics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Internists and obstetricians.Purpose: To serve as a practical text for the physician who cares for pregnant women.Content: The book comprises 23 chapters arranged by medical system and subspecialty (such as nephrology, cardiology, or infectious diseases). The initial chapter includes information on prenatal counseling for common diseases, such as diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus, and on common methods of determining fetal age, growth, and health. Each subsequent ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. (Ray) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 March 2000Volume 132, Issue 6Page: 512KeywordsFetusesHealth information technologyMedical conditionsNephrologyPediatricsPregnancySoftware toolsSub-specialty careSystemic lupus erythematosusViral diseases ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 21 March 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Management of Theophylline Intoxication with Charcoal-Column Hemoperfusion
Authors: Mary E. Russo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

THEOPHYLLINE toxicity causing neurologic and cardiac manifestations is usually associated with high serum concentrations.1 , 2 Supportive care is the mainstay after the drug is discontinued. Nevertheless, there are patients in whom generalized seizures, arrhythmias, cardiorespiratory collapse and coma are life threatening unless active removal of the drug is undertaken. Winchester et al.3 noted that pulmonary complications progressively increased with the duration of coma, and fatal outcomes were more often related to the complications than to the intoxicating agent itself. However, in their review theophylline was not listed as potentially hemodialyzable or hemoperfusible. A recent case report on resin hemoperfusion for the . . .
Efficacy and Safety of Dofetilide in the Treatment of Frequent Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias After Amiodarone Intolerance or Failure
Authors: Arnold Pinter, Shadi Akhtari, Timothy O'Connell, Suzan O'Donnell, Iqwal Mangat, Victoria Korley, Kamran Ahmad, Emoke Posan, David Newman, Paul Dorian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Simultaneous detection of the immunophenotypic markers and genetic aberrations on routinely processed paraffin sections of lymphoma samples by means of the FICTION technique
Authors: A Martínez-Ramírez, J C Cigudosa, L Maestre, S Rodríguez-Perales, E Haralambieva, J Benítez, G Roncador
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Mite allergen is a danger signal for the skin via activation of inflammasome in keratinocytes
Authors: Xiuju Dai, Koji Sayama, Mikiko Tohyama, Yuji Shirakata, Yasushi Hanakawa, Sho Tokumaru, Lujun Yang, Satoshi Hirakawa, Koji Hashimoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
CARDIAC NUCLEAR MEDICINE
Authors: Richard F. Kiepfer, Barry M. Beller, Thomas W. Eades, Harold G. Felter, Burton Friedman, Max Gani, Reynaldo Sandoval
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Kiepfer, Richard F. M.D.; Beller, Barry M. M.D.; Eades, Thomas W. M.D.; Felter, Harold G. M. D.; Friedman, Burton M.D.; Gani, Max M.D.; Sandoval, Reynaldo M.D. Author Information
MEPs add their voice to protest at patent for breast cancer gene
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The European parliament has added its support to critics of the move to grant two patents in Europe to Myriad Genetics of Salt Lake City, Utah, for a test to screen for predisposition to breast cancer.

The decision taken in January and May this year by the European Patent Office, based in Munich, to grant the patents is already being opposed by the French ministries of health and research and the Institut Curie, France's leading cancer research centre (15 September, p 589).

MEPs in Strasbourg earlier this month adopted a resolution warning that the patents, following …
Child mortality falls, but 19 000 under 5s still die every day
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The number of children dying before they reach their fifth birthday has fallen sharply since 2000, but this progress needs to accelerate if the United Nations’ millennium development goal of reducing child mortality is to be reached, new figures show.

A report released by the United Nations’ Children’s Fund (Unicef), the World Health Organization, the World Bank, and the UN Population Division says that an estimated 6.9 million children died before their fifth birthday in 2011, down from 12 million in 1990.1 Although this means there were 14 000 fewer deaths each day in 2011 than in 1990, 19 000 children still die every day.

The figures also show that the annual rate of reduction in under 5 mortality has accelerated: from …
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy for the measurement of hepatic iron concentration
Authors: John Olynyk, Phillip Williams, Andrew Fudge, Steven Pulbrook, Rikki Kerr, Malcolm MacKinnon, Pauline Hall
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The potential application of fine-needle aspiration liver biopsy in the documentation of hepatic iron overload has been assessed in iron-loaded rats. Fineneedle aspiration and standard liver biopsy specimens were obtained from three groups of animals supplemented with oral and parenteral iron for 2 to 6 mo. The mean dry weights of standard and fine-needle biopsy specimens were 7.41 ± 0.77 (± S.E.M.) and 0.57 ± 0.54 mg, respectively. Hepatic iron in fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens correlated significantly with hepatic iron in standard liver biopsy specimens as measured by biochemical determination, computerized image analysis and histological grading (r &gt; 0.9, p &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, we have shown that fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the liver can obtain sufficient tissue for biochemical measurement of the hepatic iron concentration in an animal model of iron overload. The clinical applications of fine-needle aspiration liver biopsy in human beings with iron overload is currently being investigated.
Diseases of the Liver.
Authors: Wade Volwiler
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Indeed it would be difficult to be anything but complimentary about the new second edition of this already established, very authoritative, multiple-author volume. The contributors are acknowledged hepatic authorities who have produced this edition chiefly by making slight revisions of their previous fine chapters. A few new chapters have been added. Especially outstanding are the sections entitled "Pathology of Hepatitis," "Toxic and Drug-Induced Hepatitis," "Liver Disease in Infancy and Childhood," "Helminthic Diseases," and "Experimental Hepatic Injury." Although written in a truly competent and clear manner, the subjects of ascites, hepatic coma, and liver function tests have had more exciting treatment in recent volumes elsewhere, even by the same authors. As in the original edition, a "bonus" is the inclusion of a final, curtailed but authoritative chapter on "Diseases of the Gallbladder and the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts." This book remains as one of only three or four outstanding general reference books
150. Metabolically Biotinylated Helper Dependent Adenovirus: A New and Rapid Approach for Targeting of High-Capacity Adenoviral Vector
Authors: Vincenzo Cerullo, Michael P. Seiler, Christopher Clarke, Aylet Erez, Michael A. Barry, Brendan Lee
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Developing cell-targeting vectors is an important goal in gene therapy. Metabolic biotinylation of first-generation adenoviral vectors for cell targeting has already been shown. However, there are several advantages in using helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HD-Ad) instead of first-generation vectors; HD-Ad contain only the noncoding termini of the viral genome, can deliver large DNA fragments of up to 36 Kb into target cells, elicit reduced toxicity and generate prolonged transgene expression in vivo. To enhance the potential of HD-Ad to transduce different cell types, we constructed a novel metablically biotinylated Helper Virus (Fib2102) to package HD-Ad vectors. Thus, co-infection of a helper-dependent packaging cell line with the fiber-modified helper virus and various HD-Ad constructs would allow the production of fiber-modified HD-Ad expressing different transgenes, obviating the requirement to fiber-modify each individual transgene-expressing HD-Ad. To this end, we modified the c-terminus of the Ad5 fiber by addition of a 70 amino acid biotin acceptor peptide (BAP) in our helper virus backbone by homologous recombination. Adenovirus particles bearing the BAP were metabolically biotinylated during vector production by the endogenous biotin ligase to produce covalently biotinylated virions. The resulting biotinylated vectors can subsequently be used to transduce different cell type receptors by conjugation to specific biotinylated antibodies. In particular, we tested whether a biotinylated HD-Ad generated with this system expressing the LacZ transgene could transduce chondrocytes in vitro. We found that a fiber-modified HD-Ad coupled to the chondrocyte specific |[alpha]|10 integrin antibody was more efficient at transducing a chondrocyte cell line than vectors bearing wild type fiber. In summary, we show the novel construction of a fiber-modified helper adenovirus which can be used to propagate high titers of fiber-modified HD-Ad, which, when coupled to cell-specific antibodies, results in improved transgene expression in vitro. This study demonstrates progress in retargeting strategies for helper-dependent vectors.