tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Flexible Vascular Adhesive for Use in Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: WILLIAM F. BERNHARD, ALFRED S. CUMMIN, PAUL D. HARRIS, EDWARD W. KENT
Journal: Circulation (1963)

1. Preliminary studies of polyurethane resins of the reactive prepolymer type indicate that they may be of considerable value in experimental and clinical cardiovascular surgery as adhesive agents. 2. These resins combine hardness, elastomeric (rubber-like) properties, and chemical inertness which persist unchanged for periods of at least six months. 3. The position and quantity of isocyanate groups in the prepolymer molecule, together with the molecular weights of the prepolymer and polyol, determine the physical properties of the final polymer obtained. 4. Exceptional adhesion between the polymer and blood vessel wall is a result of the reaction between available hydrogen atoms in the substrate tissue and the isocyanate groups in the prepolymer.
COMPARISONS OF BENCE-JONES PROTEINS AND L POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS OF MYELOMA GLOBULINS AFTER HYDROLYSIS WITH TRYPSIN
Authors: J. H. Schwartz, G. M. Edelman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

L polypeptide chains of myeloma globulin and Bence-Jones protein isolated from the same patient were found to be identical after comparison of their tryptic hydrolysates by two-dimensional high voltage electrophoresis. The patterns of peptides from proteins belonging to antigenic group I differed markedly from those of proteins in antigenic group II. A partially purified H chain fraction was compared with L chains from the same myeloma protein. The tryptic hydrolysates yielded dissimilar patterns of peptides. These data indicate that gamma-myeloma proteins contain two kinds of polypeptide chains, Hgamma chains and either L(I) or L(II) chains. The L chains appear to be identical with those comprising the Bence-Jones protein from the same patient.
Obesity in middle age and future risk of dementia: Problem is probably greater for women
Authors: Alan J Goble
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Prognosis in obesity Older people should not be misinformed about being overweightEditor-With reference to the editorial by Lean on prognosis in obesity, 1 advising apparently overweight older people to lose weight may do more harm than good.Evidence suggests that the risks of being "overweight" decrease with increasing age.On the basis of mortality, the ideal body mass index (BMI) is higher in older than young adults, with an optimum BMI for people older than 65 in the young adult "overweight" range of 27-30 kg/m 2 . 2 In a systematic review, Heiat et al concluded that the relation between BMI and mortality in people older than 65 is a flat bottomed, Ushaped curve, with mortality rising only at BMI > 31 kg/m 2 and perhaps not at any BMI in people older than 75. 2 Weight loss is more common than weight gain in older people, and associated with poor outcomes, even when the weight loss is intentional and the person was "overweight" at baseline. [3]4][5] In the prospective cardiovascular health study of some 4700 community dwelling people older than 65, weight loss of more than 5% over three years was substantially more common than weight gain of more than 5%. 3 Weight loss, but not weight gain, was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (relative risk 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 2.15). 3 The association of increased mortality with weight loss persisted even at the highest third of baseline weight. 3 In a study of older men with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 , intentional weight loss was associated (P < 0.001) with a greater rate of hip bone loss ( -1.7%/year) than in men with no weight loss ( -0.1%/year) or weight gain (0.5%/year). 5 The indiscriminate application of evidence from studies in younger adults to the management of older people is hazardous.We believe that many older people are trying to lose weight inappropriately.There is a need to ensure that most of our elders are given appropriate advice: "Keep physically active, eat sensibly, and maintain weight."
Genetic mutations in the K1 and K10 genes of patients with epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Correlation between location and disease severity.
Authors: A J Syder, Q C Yu, A S Paller, G Giudice, R Pearson, E Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EH) is a skin disease caused by mutations in the genes encoding K1 and K10, the differentiation-specific keratins of epidermis. To explore the heterogeneity of mutations and to assess whether a correlation exists between disease severity and the extent to which a mutation interferes with keratin network formation, we determined the genetic bases of four severe incidences of EH and one unusually mild case. Two severe cases have the same mutation, K10-R156:C, at a conserved arginine that we previously showed was mutated to a histidine in two unrelated EH families. An additional severe case has a mutation six residues away, still within the amino end of the alpha-helical rod domain of K10. The other severe case has a mutation in the conserved carboxy end of the K1 rod. In contrast, affected members of the atypically mild family have a mutation just proximal to the conserved carboxy end of the K10 rod. By genetic engineering and gene transfection, we demonstrate that each mutation is functionally responsible for the keratin filament aberrations that are typical of keratinocytes cultured from these patients. Moreover, we show that the mild EH mutation less severely affects filament network formation. Taken together, our studies strengthen the link between filament perturbations, cell fragility, and degeneration.
Treatment-Related Toxicities in a Phase II Trial of Dasatinib in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Andrew M. Brunner, Daniel B. Costa, Rebecca S. Heist, Elizabeth Garcia, Neal I. Lindeman, Lynette M. Sholl, Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Bruce E. Johnson, Peter S. Hammerman
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Acute Iron Intoxication
Authors: Julian Jagobs, Harry Greene, Benjamin R. Gendel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ACCIDENTAL poisoning by iron compounds continues to be a common pediatric problem.1 2 3 This brief review includes the current thoughts on the pathophysiology of iron poisoning, the results of treatment with a new chelating agent, deferoxamine, in 6 previously published cases and 5 new cases treated by us, including a detailed case report. Information is given regarding availability of the drug for clinical use in the treatment of acute iron poisoning.Clinical FeaturesThe clinical features of iron intoxication are summarized in Table 1. The patient ingesting an overdose of iron may proceed through four stages.4 Stage 1 occurs from immediately to . . .
Spontaneous Intracranial Hematomas in Patients Receiving Anticoagulation Therapy
Authors: Donald M. Dooley, Irwin Perlmutter
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In three patients receiving warfarin sodium therapy, spontaneous intracranial hematomas, proved by arteriograms and craniotomy, were successfully removed. Two were intracerebral and one a subdural hematoma. All three patients recovered. When sudden onset of an acute intracranial lesion occurs in a patient receiving anticoagulation therapy, intracranial blood clot should be suspected. Arteriography is the most reliable means of establishing the precise nature of the lesion. Ideally, arteriography and craniotomy should be postponed until blood coagulation mechanisms are controlled. In one patient this was not possible; reaccumulation of blood clot postoperatively necessitated reoperation. Some patients with intracranial hematoma, who regain consciousness and partially recover from the initial insult, are amenable to surgery.
Phenobarbitone and the Shoulder-Hand Syndrome
Authors: D. N. Golding
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Cancer ChemotherapySIR,-There can be few radiotherapists in this country who do not use cytotoxic drugs at some stage of the treatment of advanced malignancies, while many surgeons and physicians from time to time make ancillary use of such drugs in an attempt to control or palliate malignant disease.Some of us would like to make a serious study of the pharmacology and therapeutic use of drugs, instead of the rather empirical methods we now employ, only to find that there is apparently no way of acquiring the necessary knowledge and clinical experience by attending any properly organized courses of instruction at any level.Medical students do not appear to obtain anything more than the most rudi- mentary knowledge of the use of drugs in cancer treatment, judging by the performance of recently qualified housemen.Some other countries offer rather more.In the U.S.A., for example, several cancer centres hold regular courses of instruction, such as one being held by the Memorial Hospital in New York later this year.It seems we might well do more ourselves, especially as a good deal of most valuable research and development in the field of cancer chemotherapy is being carried out both by pharmaceutical firms and by research
Smoking Among Japanese Physicians
Authors: Hiroshi Kawane
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PepBind: A Comprehensive Database and Computational Tool for Analysis of Protein–Peptide Interactions
Authors: Arindam Atanu Das, Om Prakash Sharma, Muthuvel Suresh Kumar, Ramadas Krishna, Premendu P. Mathur
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2013)

Protein-peptide interactions, where one partner is a globular protein (domain) and the other is a flexible linear peptide, are key components of cellular processes predominantly in signaling and regulatory networks, hence are prime targets for drug design. To derive the details of the protein-peptide interaction mechanism is often a cumbersome task, though it can be made easier with the availability of specific databases and tools. The Peptide Binding Protein Database (PepBind) is a curated and searchable repository of the structures, sequences and experimental observations of 3100 protein-peptide complexes. The web interface contains a computational tool, protein inter-chain interaction (PICI), for computing several types of weak or strong interactions at the protein-peptide interaction interface and visualizing the identified interactions between residues in Jmol viewer. This initial database release focuses on providing protein-peptide interface information along with structure and sequence information for protein-peptide complexes deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Structures in PepBind are classified based on their cellular activity. More than 40% of the structures in the database are found to be involved in different regulatory pathways and nearly 20% in the immune system. These data indicate the importance of protein-peptide complexes in the regulation of cellular processes.
A new government policy is needed for sunlight and vitamin D
Authors: O. Gillie
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article A new government policy is needed for sunlight and vitamin D Get access O. Gillie O. Gillie Health Research Forum, 68 Whitehall Park, London N19 3TN, U.K O. Gillie. E‐mail: olivergillie@compuserve.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 6, 1 June 2006, Pages 1052–1061, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07261.x Published: 01 June 2006 Article history Accepted: 15 December 2005 Published: 01 June 2006
Response to hydroxyurea therapy in β‐thalassemia
Authors: Ariel Koren, Carina Levin, Orly Dgany, Tatyan Kransnov, Ronit Elhasid, Lucia Zalman, Haya Palmor, Hannah Tamary
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract Although a relatively small number of previous studies suggest a modest response to hydroxyurea (HU) therapy in β‐thalassemia, more recent investigations have revealed that some transfusion‐dependent patients can become transfusion‐independent following HU therapy. Patients with Gγ XmnI polymorphism, several β‐globin mutations, and α‐thalassemia deletions were inconsistently reported to have significant responses to HU therapy. To better predict who may respond, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical response and the molecular background of 18 β‐thalassemia patients treated with HU for a mean of 46 months. The majority of transfusion‐dependent patients responded to HU therapy with 9 out of 11 (82%) becoming transfusion‐independent. Five thalassemia intermedia (TI) patients receiving occasional blood transfusion did not require any additional transfusions following therapy and two TI patients who had never received transfusions had a 2 g/dl increase in their hemoglobin level. The majority of β‐thalassemia major patients who became transfusion‐independent (7/9) were either homozygous (5) or heterozygous (2) for the XmnI polymorphism. No correlation was identified between response to therapy and the presence of specific β‐thalassemia mutations or α‐globin deletions. We conclude that further analysis of the degree of response of transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia patients to HU therapy, as well as, the impact of their genetic background on this response is required to identify patients likely to have significant response. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Who's afraid of informed consent?
Authors: D D Kerrigan, R S Thevasagayam, T O Woods, I Mc Welch, W E Thomas, A J Shorthouse, A R Dennison
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To test the assumption that patients will become unduly anxious if they are given detailed information about the risks of surgery in an attempt to obtain fully informed consent.Preoperative anxiety assessed before and after patients were randomly allocated an information sheet containing either simple or detailed descriptions of possible postoperative complications.Four surgical wards at two Sheffield hospitals.96 men undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair under general anaesthesia.Change in anxiety level observed after receiving information about potential complications.Detailed information did not increase patient anxiety (mean Spielberger score at baseline 33.7 (95% confidence interval 31.3 to 36.2), after information 34.8 (32.1 to 37.5); p = 0.20, paired t test). A simple explanation of the facts provided a statistically significant degree of reassurance (mean score at baseline 34.6 (31.5 to 37.6), after information 32.3 (29.8 to 34.9); p = 0.012), although this small effect is likely to be clinically important only in those whose baseline anxiety was high (r = 0.27, p = 0.05).In men undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair a very detailed account of what might go wrong does not increase patient anxiety significantly and has the advantage of allowing patients a fully informed choice before they consent to surgery, thus reducing the potential for subsequent litigation.
Phase I/II Trial of Intravenous NDV-HUJ Oncolytic Virus in Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Arnold I. Freeman, Zichria Zakay-Rones, John M. Gomori, Eduard Linetsky, Linda Rasooly, Evgeniya Greenbaum, Shira Rozenman-Yair, Amos Panet, Eugene Libson, Charles S. Irving, Eithan Galun, Tali Siegal
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We undertook a Phase I/II trial in patients with apparent recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) based on imaging studies to determine the safety and tumor response of repetitive intravenous administration of NDV-HUJ, the oncolytic HUJ strain of Newcastle disease virus. The first part of the study utilized an accelerated intrapatient dose-escalation protocol with one-cycle dosage steps of 0.1, 0.32, 0.93, 5.9, and 11 billion infectious units (BIU) of NDV-HUJ (1 BIU = 1 x 10(9) EID(50) 50% egg infectious dose) followed by three cycles of 55 BIU. Virus was administered by intravenous infusion over 15 min. In the second part, patients received three cycles of 11 BIU. All patients without progressive disease were maintained with two doses of 11 BIU iv weekly. Eleven of the 14 enrolled patients (11-58 years, Karnofsky performance scale 50-90%) received treatment. Toxicity was minimal with Grade I/II constitutional fever being seen in 5 patients. Maximum tolerated dose was not achieved. Anti-NDV hemagglutinin antibodies appeared within 5-29 days. NDV-HUJ was recovered from blood, saliva, and urine samples and one tumor biopsy. One patient achieved a complete response. Intravenous NDV-HUJ is well tolerated. The findings of good tolerability and encouraging responses warrant the continued evaluation of NDV-HUJ in GBM, as well as other cancers.
Underperforming doctors: a postal survey of the Northern Deanery
Authors: G. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1998)

To discover the perceived size of pool of doctors considered to be underperforming in general practice in the Northern Deanery and to discover whether these perceptions are based on formal assessments.Postal questionnaire.Area covered by the Northern Deanery.Seven health authority directors of primary care, seven secretaries of local medical committees, and 14 chief officers of community health councils.The response rate was 100% for directors of primary care and secretaries of local medical committees and, after one reminder, 92% for chief officers of community health councils. Numbers of doctors perceived to be underperforming ranged from none to over 15 in different health authority areas. Main areas for concern were communication skills, clinical skills, and management skills. Patients' representatives were concerned about lack of power of patients and health authorities and doctors' lack of accountability. Health authorities were concerned about lack of power, identification of underperforming doctors, and doctors' professional loyalty. Local medical committees were concerned about the problem of identifying underperformance. A number of methods were used for identification, and there was no common method applied.The number of doctors thought to be underperforming was small. Work still needs to be done on developing tools that can be used in everyday practice to enable doctors to confirm for themselves, their colleagues, and their patients that they are providing an adequate level of care.
REPORT OF TWO CASES OF AFEBRILE TYPHOID.
Authors: CHAS. J. WHALEN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

nerve power by electro-neurotone currents.I noted on several occasions after a few weeks' application quite a change in intellectual activity, as evidenced by im- proved memory.The currents were passed through the base of brain chiefly, by applications to the parotid regions on either side of the neck, and in the most casual manner, not in the least anticipating this practical result.The individuals operated on were over 60 years of age, and the improvement of memory was of such a character as in my humble opinion to be worthy of the closest scientific inquiry.
WMA urges national medical associations to ensure that economic sanctions respect agreed exemptions
Authors: J. Appleyard
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR— Redgrave and Waller raised the important issue of the effect of economic sanctions on the health and nutrition of the Cuban population.1 The report from the American Association for World Health on the impact of the United States' embargo was brought to the attention of the international committee of the BMA shortly after its publication in March 1997.2 As a result of the concerns raised by the whole issue, the …
The kidney cytochrome P-450 2C23 arachidonic acid epoxygenase is upregulated during dietary salt loading
Authors: Vijaykumar R. Holla, Keiko Makita, Peter G. Zaphiropoulos, Jorge H. Capdevila
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Excess dietary salt intake induces the activity of the kidney arachidonate epoxygenase and markedly increases the urinary excretion of its metabolites. The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, products of the kidney P-450 arachidonate epoxygenase, inhibit distal nephron Na+ reabsorption. Nucleic acid hybridization studies demonstrated the expression of P-450s 2C23, 2C24, and 2C11 as the predominant kidney 2C isoforms and the lack of significant dietary salt-dependent transcriptional regulation of these proteins. Recombinant P-450s 2C11, 2C23, and 2C24 catalyze arachidonate metabolism to mixtures of epoxy- and monohydroxylated acids. Whereas the arachidonate 11,12-olefin was the preferred target for epoxidation by P-450 2C23 (57% of total products), P-450s 2C11 and 2C24 epoxidized the 11,12-olefins and 14,15-olefins with nearly equal efficiency. Stereochemical comparisons demonstrated that the regiochemical and enantiofacial selectivity of P-450 2C23 matched that of the kidney microsomal epoxygenase and that excess dietary salt does not alter the regiochemical or stereochemical selectivity of the kidney arachidonate epoxygenase. Inhibition and immunoelectrophoresis experiments using antibodies raised against recombinant P-450s 2C11 and 2C23 demonstrated that P-450 2C23 is the major 2C arachidonic acid epoxygenase in the rat kidney and the renal P-450 isoform regulated by excess dietary salt intake.
Being aware of opposite dangers
Authors: D. A. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Many people are concerned, quite reasonably, about overtreatment in hospital. It would be worrying if clinically assisted nutrition and hydration could never be withdrawn, even when they were ineffective or futile.1 2 However, people are also concerned, quite reasonably, about undertreatment and the development of malnutrition or dehydration in hospital.3 In fact, the recent cases to which Gillon and Twycross object do not …
Transforming growth factor-beta in cardiac ontogeny and adaptation.
Authors: W R MacLellan, T Brand, M D Schneider
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily comprises a set of regulatory peptides with multiple effects on cell growth and differentiation. The elaborate regulation of TGF-beta s during embryonic development of the heart, the upregulation of TGF-beta after hemodynamic stress, and the impact of TGF-beta on cardiac gene expression together imply a prominent functional role for this family of growth factors in cardiac organogenesis and hypertrophy. Basal and TGF-beta-induced expression of skeletal alpha-actin, one of several genes specifically associated with developing or hypertrophied myocardium, each are contingent on transcriptional activation by serum response factor. A truncated form of the type II TGF-beta receptor, created by deletion of the cytoplasmic kinase domain, acts as a dominant suppressor of TGF-beta signal transduction in cultured cardiac muscle cells and may provide a suitable means to establish the functions of TGF-beta in vivo.
Interleukin-17 inhibits tumor cell growth by means of a T-cell–dependent mechanism
Authors: Fabrice Benchetrit, Arnaud Ciree, Virginie Vives, Guy Warnier, Alain Gey, Catherine Sautès-Fridman, François Fossiez, Nacilla Haicheur, Wolf H. Fridman, Eric Tartour
Journal: Blood (2002)