tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intimate-Partner Violence: The Need for Primary Prevention in the Community
Authors: Linda Gundersen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Current Clinical Issues16 April 2002Intimate-Partner Violence: The Need for Primary Prevention in the CommunityLinda GundersenLinda GundersenSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-8-200204160-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Intimate-partner violence is a serious problem, but it may be even more common than was previously believed. A 1999 report estimated that one third of women worldwide have been victims of intimate-partner violence (Heise L, Ellsberg M, Gottemoeller M. Ending Violence against Women. Population Reports. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins School of Public Health; 1999). Intimate-partner violence is the leading cause of injury to women 15 to 44 years of age—more common than automobile accidents, muggings, and rapes combined (The National Coalition against Domestic Violence Fact Sheet: Domestic Violence Is Under Reported. Office of the U.S. Surgeon General; 1 January 1994).Abuse ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCommunity Insights on Domestic Violence among African AmericansRates of Femicide in Women of Different Races, Ethnicities, and Places of Birth: Massachusetts, 1993-2007Neighborhood Predictors of Dating Violence Victimization and Perpetration in Young Adulthood: A Multilevel StudyA Multilevel Analysis of Individual, Household, and Neighborhood Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Among Low-Income Pregnant Women in Jefferson County, AlabamaDating Violence and Domestic ViolenceLa violencia contra la mujer en la pareja. Un estudio en el ámbito de la atención primariaLa violencia contra la mujer en la pareja como factor asociado a una mala salud física y psíquicaA cautionary tale: the dysfunction of American health careINTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE: SOCIETAL, MEDICAL, LEGAL AND INDIVIDUAL RESPONSES 16 April 2002Volume 136, Issue 8Page: 637-640KeywordsAdolescentsBehaviorChildrenDomestic violenceHealth careIntimate partner violenceMotivationObstetrics and gynecologySexual identitySubstance abuse ePublished: 16 April 2002 Issue Published: 16 April 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Platelet Size and Kinetics in Hereditary and Acquired Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Scott Murphy, Frank A. Oski, J. Lawrence Naiman, Charles J. Lusch, Sheldon Goldberg, Frank H. Gardner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract Measurements of platelet size and life-0 span were obtained to classify a variety of thrombocytopenic states. The mean size index in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura was significantly increased, whereas platelets in the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome were small. The platelet defect in a family characterized by thrombocytopenia, sex-linked recessive inheritance, small platelet size and shortened platelet life-span closely resembled that of the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome, but only mild eczema was present and immunologic abnormalities were absent. In a second family, thrombocytopenia was associated with increased platelet size suggesting a young cell population similar to idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However, autologous platelet life-span was normal. Size measurements are thus useful in the classification of thrombocytopenias. Although in acquired conditions increased platelet size suggests a young platelet population, in hereditary disease platelet size is determined more by the nature of the in...
Life expectancy in men who have never smoked and those who have smoked continuously: 15 year follow up of large cohort of middle aged British men
Authors: A. N Phillips, S G. Wannamethee, M. Walker, A. Thomson, G. D. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To estimate the life expectancy in a representative sample of men who have never smoked and of those who have smoked all their adult lives.15 year follow up of a large representative cohort of British men in the British regional heart study and use of national mortality statistics for 1992.7735 middle aged British men aged 40-59 at the time of screening (between 1978 and 1980).Mortality from all causes and from smoking related causes.1624 men had never smoked at the time of screening and did not take up smoking during the study. 127 of them died during follow up. 3151 men began smoking before they were 30 and were still smoking at the time of screening. Of these, 751 had stopped smoking five years after screening; they were excluded from the analysis five years after the date they had stopped. 560 of the lifelong smokers died during follow up. When study estimates were combined with those from national mortality statistics for men aged 20-40, only an estimated 42% (95% confidence interval 36% to 50%) of lifelong smokers alive at the age of 20 would be alive at 73, compared with 78% (74% to 82%) of lifelong non-smokers.These estimates present the effects of smoking on mortality in a way that is easily communicated to patients and the general public in health promotion initiatives.
Risk of Violent Crime in Individuals with Epilepsy and Traumatic Brain Injury: A 35-Year Swedish Population Study
Authors: Seena Fazel, Paul Lichtenstein, Martin Grann, Niklas Långström
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Background Epilepsy and traumatic brain injury are common neurological conditions, with general population prevalence estimates around 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. Although both illnesses are associated with various adverse outcomes, and expert opinion has suggested increased criminality, links with violent behaviour remain uncertain. Methods and Findings We combined Swedish population registers from 1973 to 2009, and examined associations of epilepsy (n = 22,947) and traumatic brain injury (n = 22,914) with subsequent violent crime (defined as convictions for homicide, assault, robbery, arson, any sexual offense, or illegal threats or intimidation). Each case was age and gender matched with ten general population controls, and analysed using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for socio-demographic factors. In addition, we compared cases with unaffected siblings. Among the traumatic brain injury cases, 2,011 individuals (8.8%) committed violent crime after diagnosis, which, compared with population controls (n = 229,118), corresponded to a substantially increased risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.3, 95% CI: 3.1–3.5); this risk was attenuated when cases were compared with unaffected siblings (aOR = 2.0, 1.8–2.3). Among individuals with epilepsy, 973 (4.2%) committed a violent offense after diagnosis, corresponding to a significantly increased odds of violent crime compared with 224,006 population controls (aOR = 1.5, 1.4–1.7). However, this association disappeared when individuals with epilepsy were compared with their unaffected siblings (aOR = 1.1, 0.9–1.2). We found heterogeneity in violence risk by age of disease onset, severity, comorbidity with substance abuse, and clinical subgroups. Case ascertainment was restricted to patient registers. Conclusions In this longitudinal population-based study, we found that, after adjustment for familial confounding, epilepsy was not associated with increased risk of violent crime, questioning expert opinion that has suggested a causal relationship. In contrast, although there was some attenuation in risk estimates after adjustment for familial factors and substance abuse in individuals with traumatic brain injury, we found a significantly increased risk of violent crime. The implications of these findings will vary for clinical services, the criminal justice system, and patient charities. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Segregated health statistics perpetuate racial stereotypes
Authors: G. T H Ellison, T. de Wet, C. B IJsselmuiden, L. M Richter
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>PURPOSE</h3> To define the normal CT anatomy of the levator scapulae muscle and to report on a series of five patients who presented with a palpable mass in the posterior triangle due to asymmetry of the levator scapulae muscles. <h3>PATIENTS AND METHODS</h3> The contrast-enhanced CT examinations of the neck in 25 patients without palpable masses were reviewed to establish the normal CT appearance of the levator scapulae muscle. We retrospectively reviewed the contrast-enhanced CT examinations of the neck in five patients who presented with a palpable mass secondary to asymmetric levator scapulae muscles. <h3>RESULTS</h3> In three patients who had undergone unilateral radical neck dissection, hypertrophy of the ipsilateral levator scapulae muscle was found. In one patient, the normal levator scapulae muscle produced a factitious "mass" due to atrophy of the contralateral levator scapulae muscle. One patient had an intramuscular neoplasm of the levator scapulae. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Asymmetry of the levator scapulae muscles, an unusual cause of a posterior triangle mass, can be diagnosed using CT.
Anuria Due to Acute Occlusion of the Artery to a Solitary Kidney
Authors: Ronald J. Baird, Edmund R. Yendt, Whitmer B. Firor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

SEVERAL decades have now elapsed since the classic studies of Janeway1 and Goldblatt et al.2 showed that the production of renal ischemia is followed by the appearance of systemic hypertension. In recent years nephrectomy and renal revascularization have been extensively employed in the relief of hypertension due to renal ischemia. The case reported below illustrates what we believe to be a unique variant of the "Goldblatt syndrome." Four years after the removal of one kidney for hypertension atherosclerotic narrowing of the remaining renal artery led first to hypertension and then to thrombosis and anuria. The patient was successfully treated by . . .
The efficacy of oral treatment with pramiconazole in tinea pedis and tinea cruris/corporis: two exploratory phase IIa trials
Authors: J. Decroix, J. Ausma, G. Cauwenbergh, M. Borgers, L. Wouters
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article The efficacy of oral treatment with pramiconazole in tinea pedis and tinea cruris/corporis: two exploratory phase IIa trials Get access J. Decroix, J. Decroix Dermatologic Clinic, Avenue du Parc 39, Mouscron, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Ausma, J. Ausma Barrier Therapeutics NV, Cipalstraat 3, B‐2440 Geel, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Cauwenbergh, G. Cauwenbergh Barrier Therapeutics Inc., 600 College Road East, Suite 3200, Princeton, NJ 08540, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Borgers, M. Borgers Barrier Therapeutics NV, Cipalstraat 3, B‐2440 Geel, BelgiumDepartment of Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Wouters L. Wouters Barrier Therapeutics NV, Cipalstraat 3, B‐2440 Geel, Belgium Correspondence: Luc Wouters E‐mail: lwouters@barriertherapeutics.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 4, 1 April 2008, Pages 854–856, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08420.x Published: 01 April 2008
The rational clinical examination
Authors: M. G. Lamb
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —On behalf of the over 60 collaborators in The Rational Clinical Examination enterprise, I thank our correspondents for their letters, for they will show us how to improve the series. Dr Scheller echoes our call for the widespread adoption of the rational clinical examination, but identifies two possible impediments. First, he raises the spectre of being sued for failing to reduce one's assessment of today's probability of ascites (in a man who will be followed for his clear-cut alcoholism) from very unlikely, based on examining him, to virtually impossible, based on sending him for an ultrasonogram anyway. Does "defensive medicine" constitute a legitimate cause for failing to apply the science of the art of the clinical examination, or is it simply a lazy excuse for not learning it? If the former is true, what an awful way to have to practice medicine! And we are wrong to think
Abstract SY06-02: Revisiting the STATs of cancer: Emergence of stem-like cancer cells
Authors: Richard Jove
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway is now well established as an important factor in cancer progression and as a promising molecular target for cancer therapy. Persistent STAT3 activation in tumor cells prevents apoptosis and promotes cell proliferation. In the tumor microenvironment, STAT3 activation enhances angiogenesis and suppresses anti-tumor immune responses. Communication between tumor cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, by inflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-6, results in a feed-forward loop that enhances cancer progression and confers resistance to therapy. Recently, we have uncovered another critical role for STAT3 in cancer progression and resistance to therapy. We now show that activation of STAT3 signaling promotes a stem-like cell phenotype in prostate cancer, concomitant with loss of androgen receptor (AR) expression. AR is important for prostate cancer progression, and androgen deprivation often leads to drug resistance and eventual cancer recurrence. We demonstrate that loss of AR expression as a consequence of androgen ablation results in STAT3 activation in prostate cancer cells. This STAT3 activation in turn leads to development of prostate cancer stem-like cells. AR downregulation-induced STAT3 activation is mediated through increased IL-6 expression in the tumor microenvironment. Elevated stem-like cell markers in human prostate tumor specimens coincides with high STAT3 activity and low AR expression. Treatment of mice with soluble IL-6 receptor or silencing STAT3 in tumor cells suppresses prostate tumor growth and inhibits development of stem-like cancer cells. In sum, our results demonstrate that blockade of AR mediates activation of STAT3 signaling through up-regulation of IL-6, which is associated with development of a stem-like cancer cell phenotype. Conversely, inhibition of the IL-6/STAT3 pathway diminishes the stem-like cancer cell population, and results in reduced tumor growth. Our findings provide new mechanistic insights into the role of STAT3 activation upon AR blockade on prostate cancer relapse and drug resistance. We further propose inhibition of STAT3 signaling in combination with anti-androgens as a potential strategy to prevent emergence of drug-resistant recurrent prostate cancer. Citation Format: Richard Jove. Revisiting the STATs of cancer: Emergence of stem-like cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr SY06-02. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY06-02
Tonsillar enlargement and failure to thrive.
Authors: S Hodges, M P Wailoo
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Severe upper airways obstruction in young children is being increasingly recognised as a reversible cause of failure to thrive' and cor pulmonale.? Its association with sleep apnoea, restlessness, and daytime somnolence plus persistent runny nose, noisy breathing, and snoring should lead to early recognition and diagnosis and the prevention of potentially damaging sequelae. Case reports CASE 1A girl aged 3 years 2 months had a four month history of anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, daytime somnolence, and a persistent green nasal discharge.Her breathing was noisy, and she snored heavily, was a restless sleeper, and awoke repeatedly.From birth her weight had been between the third and 10th centiles, and development was normal.On examination her weight had 0, -C ._ 3.
Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Authors: SALVATORE RAITI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Editorials1 August 1985Human Growth Hormone and Creutzfeldt-Jakob DiseaseSALVATORE RAITI, M.D.SALVATORE RAITI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-288 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe decision of the National Institutes of Health on 19 April 1985 to suspend, temporarily, the distribution of human growth hormone and all other pituitary hormones for clinical research sent shock waves around the world and caused considerable dismay within the United States. The factors leading to this decision were simple, but the interpretation of their significance remains much more difficult.One 21-year-old patient died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in November 1984. He had had neonatal hypothyroidism, became an insulin-dependent diabetic at 3 years of age, was shown to have hypopituitarism with hypoglycemia, and began receiving human growth hormone in 1966....References1. KOGUTDONNELLLINGFRASIER MGSS. Hypopituitarism and diabetes mellitus: effect of human growth hormone. Pediatrics. 1968;41:905-16. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Fatal degenerative neurologic disease in patients who received pituitary-derived human growth hormone. MMWR. 1985;34:359-60, 365-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. KURODAKANEOKASHIBASAKIYAMAGUCHI YHHM. HLA typing of Japanese patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: significant association with HLA-DQw3 [Letter]. N Eng J Med. 1985;312:1128. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. NORMAN C. Virus scare halts hormone research. Science. 1985;228:1176-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Hormone and Pituitary Program University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySafety of current recombinant human growth hormone treatments for adults with growth hormone deficiency and unmet needsTREATMENT OF ADULT GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY: WHO, WHY AND HOW? A REVIEW.Safety and efficacy of growth hormone replacement therapy in adultsHuman Recombinant Growth HormoneMiscellaneous hormones and prostaglandinsReferences 1 August 1985Volume 103, Issue 2Page: 288-289KeywordsCreutzfeldt Jakob diseaseGrowth hormoneHuman growth hormoneHypoglycemiaHypothyroidismInsulinProlactinShock Issue Published: 1 August 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic Treatment of Esophageal Granular Cell Tumors
Authors: F. Catalano, R. Kind, L. Rodella, F. Lombardo, M. Festini, A. Tomezzoli, G. de Manzoni
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

There are no standard guidelines for the treatment of granular cell tumor (GCT). The aim of our study was to describe three cases of esophageal GCT and, on the basis of our experience, analyze the indications for and results of their endoscopic treatment. When deciding whether to proceed with surgical or endoscopic resection, endosonography plays a key role in establishing whether the tumor is confined to the submucosa. All three cases were confined within the hyperechoic layer of the submucosa and were successfully treated by endoscopic excision without complications or signs of relapse during the follow-up period.
Computational Analysis of Drought Stress-Associated miRNAs and miRNA Co-Regulation Network in <i>Physcomitrella Patens</i>
Authors: Ping Wan, Jun Wu, Yuan Zhou, Junshu Xiao, Jie Feng, Weizhong Zhao, Shen Xiang, Guanglong Jiang, Jake Y. Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2011)

Abstract miRNAs are non-coding small RNAs that involve diverse biological processes. Until now, little is known about their roles in plant drought resistance. Physcomitrella patens is highly tolerant to drought; however, it is not clear about the basic biology of the traits that contribute P. patens this important character. In this work, we discovered 16 drought stress-associated miRNA (DsAmR) families in P. patens through computational analysis. Due to the possible discrepancy of expression periods and tissue distributions between potential DsAmRs and their targeting genes, and the existence of false positive results in computational identification, the prediction results should be examined with further experimental validation. We also constructed an miRNA co-regulation network, and identified two network hubs, miR902a-5p and miR414, which may play important roles in regulating drought-resistance traits. We distributed our results through an online database named ppt-miRBase, which can be accessed at http://bioinfor.cnu.edu.cn/ppt_miRBase/index.php. Our methods in finding DsAmR and miRNA co-regulation network showed a new direction for identifying miRNA functions.
Clinical decision making: from theory to practice. What's going on in Oregon?
Authors: D. M. Eddy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes
Authors: C. J Alexander
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

<h3>SUMMARY</h3> The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein Fat-Induced Transcript 2 (FIT2) has emerged as a key factor in lipid droplet (LD) formation, although its molecular function is unknown. Highlighting its importance, FIT2 orthologs are essential in worms and mice, and FIT2 deficiency causes a deafness/dystonia syndrome in humans. Here we show that FIT2 is a lipid phosphate phosphatase (LPP) enzyme that is required for maintaining the normal structure of the ER. Recombinant FIT2 exhibits LPP activity <i>in vitro</i> and loss of this activity in cells leads to ER membrane morphological changes and ER stress. Defects in LD formation in FIT2 depletion appear to be secondary to membrane lipid abnormalities, possibly due to alterations in phospholipids required for coating forming LDs. Our findings uncover an enzymatic role for FIT2 in ER lipid metabolism that is crucial for ER membrane homeostasis.
Reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and improved glucose metabolism in nondiabetic obese women during a very low calorie dietary intervention leading to rapid weight loss
Authors: Rasmus Rabøl, Pernille F. Svendsen, Mette Skovbro, Robert Boushel, Steen B. Haugaard, Peter Schjerling, Patrick Schrauwen, Matthijs K.C. Hesselink, Lisbeth Nilas, Sten Madsbad, Flemming Dela
Journal: Metabolism (2009)