tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of PhysioDirect telephone assessment and advice services for patients with musculoskeletal problems: pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: C. Salisbury, A. A. Montgomery, S. Hollinghurst, C. Hopper, A. Bishop, A. Franchini, S. Kaur, J. Coast, J. Hall, S. Grove, N. E. Foster
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objectives</b> To assess the clinical effectiveness, effect on waiting times, and patient acceptability of PhysioDirect services in patients with musculoskeletal problems, compared with usual care. <b>Design</b> Pragmatic randomised controlled trial to assess equivalence in clinical effectiveness. Patients were individually randomised in a 2:1 ratio to PhysioDirect or usual care. <b>Setting</b> Four physiotherapy services in England. <b>Participants</b> Adults (aged ≥18 years) referred by general practitioners or self referred for musculoskeletal physiotherapy. <b>Interventions</b> PhysioDirect services invited patients to telephone a physiotherapist for initial assessment and advice, followed by face-to-face physiotherapy if necessary. Usual care involved patients joining a waiting list for face-to-face treatment. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Numbers of appointments, waiting time for treatment, and non-attendance rates. Primary outcome was physical health (SF-36v2 physical component score) at six months. Secondary outcomes included four other measures of health outcome, mental component score and scales from the SF-36v2, time lost from work, and patient satisfaction and preference. Participants were not blind to allocation, but outcome data were collected blind to allocation. <b>Results</b> Of 1506 patients allocated to PhysioDirect and 743 to usual care, 85% provided primary outcome data at six months (1283 and 629 patients, respectively). PhysioDirect patients had fewer face-to-face appointments than usual care patients (mean 1.91 <i>v</i> 3.11; incidence rate ratio 0.59 (95% confidence interval 0.53 to 0.65)), a shorter waiting time (median 7 days <i>v</i> 34 days; arm time ratio 0.32 (0.29 to 0.35)), and lower rates of non-attendance (incidence rate ratio 0.55 (0.41 to 0.73)). After six months' follow-up, the SF-36v2 physical component score was equivalent between groups (adjusted difference in means −0.01 (−0.80 to 0.79)). Health outcome measures suggested a trend towards slightly greater improvement in the PhysioDirect arm at six week follow-up and no difference at six months. There was no difference in time lost from work. PhysioDirect patients were no more satisfied with access to physiotherapy than usual care patients, but had slightly lower satisfaction overall at six months (difference in satisfaction −3.8% (−7.3% to −0.3%); P=0.031). PhysioDirect patients were more likely than usual care patients to prefer PhysioDirect in future. No adverse events were detected. <b>Conclusions</b> PhysioDirect is equally clinically effective compared with usual care, provides faster access to physiotherapy, and seems to be safe. However, it could be associated with slightly lower patient satisfaction. <b>Trial registration</b> Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN55666618.
Endothelial and Hematopoietic Cell Fate of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Originates from Primitive Endothelium with Hemangioblastic Properties
Authors: Lisheng Wang, Li Li, Farbod Shojaei, Krysta Levac, Chantal Cerdan, Pablo Menendez, Tanya Martin, Anne Rouleau, Mickie Bhatia
Journal: Immunity (2004)
Prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in young Italian sailors
Authors: V. Ingordo, L. Naldi, B. Colecchia, N. Licci
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Pityriasis versicolor is a superficial fungal disease with a world-wide distribution, but there are few available studies on its prevalence in the general population.To assess the prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in a representative sample of young Italian sailors, evaluating the influence of habits and risk factors in the affected individuals.Young cadets (n = 1024: 975 men and 49 women, mean age 22 years) of the Italian Navy Petty Officers' School in Taranto were consecutively examined by the same observer. The diagnosis of pityriasis versicolor was based on clinical picture and/or Wood's lamp examination. All the subjects filled in a questionnaire about sport practice, swimming pool attendance, marching, presence of hyperhidrosis and a positive clinical history of pityriasis versicolor in the past. The affected individuals were also asked if they were aware of their skin lesions. Differences between answers of affected and unaffected subjects were tested by Fisher's exact P-value test, and odds ratios were calculated.Pityriasis versicolor was diagnosed in 22 subjects (2.1%), all men, of whom 15 (68%) were not aware of their condition. No statistical association was found between active pityriasis versicolor and sport practice, swimming pool attendance, marching or presence of hyperhidrosis. A significant association [odds ratio 8.7 (95% confidence interval 3.3-21.5); Fisher's exact P-value test P < 0.01] was documented between active pityriasis versicolor and a previous clinical history of pityriasis versicolor.The prevalence of pityriasis versicolor in this sample of young Italian sailors was not high, in agreement with the available surveys performed in the general population in temperate climates. Many affected subjects were not aware of their condition. The only important factor associated with pityriasis versicolor was a previous history of pityriasis versicolor. This observation could confirm the hypothesis that constitutional factors, e.g. seborrhoea and chemical constitution of sebum, may play a crucial role in temperate climates, leading to relapsing forms of this superficial mycosis.
Exposure to Traffic and the Onset of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Annette Peters, Stephanie von Klot, Margit Heier, Ines Trentinaglia, Allmut Hörmann, H. Erich Wichmann, Hannelore Löwel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

An association between exposure to vehicular traffic in urban areas and the exacerbation of cardiovascular disease has been suggested in previous studies. This study was designed to assess whether exposure to traffic can trigger myocardial infarction.We conducted a case-crossover study in which cases of myocardial infarction were identified with the use of data from the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg Myocardial Infarction Registry in Augsburg, in southern Germany, for the period from February 1999 to July 2001. There were 691 subjects for whom the date and time of the myocardial infarction were known who had survived for at least 24 hours after the event, completed the registry's standardized interview, and provided information on factors that may have triggered the myocardial infarction. Data on subjects' activities during the four days preceding the onset of symptoms were collected with the use of patient diaries.An association was found between exposure to traffic and the onset of a myocardial infarction within one hour afterward (odds ratio, 2.92; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.22 to 3.83; P<0.001). The time the subjects spent in cars, on public transportation, or on motorcycles or bicycles was consistently linked with an increase in the risk of myocardial infarction. Adjusting for the level of exercise on a bicycle or for getting up in the morning changed the estimated effect of exposure to traffic only slightly (odds ratio for myocardial infarction, 2.73; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.06 to 3.61; P<0.001). The subject's use of a car was the most common source of exposure to traffic; nevertheless, there was also an association between time spent on public transportation and the onset of a myocardial infarction one hour later.Transient exposure to traffic may increase the risk of myocardial infarction in susceptible persons.
The Case for Wider Use of Testing for HIV Infection
Authors: Frank S. Rhame, Dennis G. Maki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

EIGHT years into the most serious pandemic of infectious disease in modern history, we possess the technology and resources to test for evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection accurately and economically. Yet there has been great reluctance on the part of the federal government and medical leaders to advocate extensive use of HIV testing as a public health measure. We believe that a very strong case can be made for wider HIV testing.Most discussions of HIV testing reach a conclusion on whether testing should be encouraged, at least in populations in which the prevalence of infection with the . . .
Impact of irbesartan, blood pressure control, and proteinuria on renal outcomes in the Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial
Authors: Lawrence G. Hunsicker, Robert C. Atkins, Julia B. Lewis, Gregory Braden, Paul J. Champion De Crespigny, Giacomo Deferrari, Paul Drury, Francesco Locatelli, Thomas B. Wiegmann, Edmund J. Lewis
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Abstract 1076: Activation of H-Ras and Rac1 correlates with epidermal growth factor-induced breast cell invasion
Authors: Min-Soo Koh, Sun-Young Kim, Do Young Lim, Aree Moon
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract There are considerable experimental evidences that hyperactive Ras proteins promote breast cancer growth and development including invasiveness despite of low frequency of mutated forms of Ras in breast cancer. We have previously shown that H-Ras, but not N-Ras, induces an invasive phenotype mediated by small GTPase Rac1 in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays important roles in aberrant growth and metastasis formation of many tumor types including breast cancer. Here, we investigated the involvement of H-Ras in the EGF-induced invasive ability of four different breast cancer cell lines. Upon EGF stimulation, H-Ras activation was increased in the invasive breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells, but not in non-invasive breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-453 and T47D cells. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting H-Ras, we showed a crucial role of H-Ras in invasive phenotype induced by EGF in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells. Moreover, knockdown of Rac1significantly inhibited the EGF-induced invasiveness in these cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream molecule Rac1 correlates with breast cancer cell invasion induced by EGF, providing useful information on the regulation of malignant progression in mammary carcinoma. [This work was supported by the Korea government (Nos.ROA-2008-000-20070-0)] Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1076. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1076
A new tool to ensure the fluorescent dye labeling stability of nanocarriers: A real challenge for fluorescence imaging
Authors: Guillaume Bastiat, Christian Oliver Pritz, Clemens Roider, Florian Fouchet, Erwann Lignières, Alexander Jesacher, Rudolf Glueckert, Monika Ritsch-Marte, Anneliese Schrott-Fischer, Patrick Saulnier, Jean-Pierre Benoit
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Simple Filing Device for Case Records.
Authors: A. M. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Ottawa, Ill., June 24, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The article of Dr. Farr inThe Journal, June 22, prompts me to mention a simple filing device which I have found useful. For years I have kept important case records on slips of paper, thick enough to be easily fingered over when filed, as in a card catalogue. At first I used cards, but found it no easier to manipulate them, and they add very materially to the bulk. With the multiplication of the records, however, it became a little troublesome to look up a case during a busy office hour. In order to lessen the number of record units to be gone over I have, for the past few months, adopted the method of placing each patient's, or in some cases each family's, history slips in a half envelope—that is an envelope sealed and cut midway between the ends. I
Recovering from Abdominal Surgery
Authors: H. Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1974)

This monograph, probably the first to be published on the subject in the United Kingdom since the Rose report on lymphadenoma in 1932, appears at a propitious moment.The last decade has seen a pro- found change in our views on the nature of Hodgkin's disease, in our diagnostic ap- proach, and in our therapeutic attack.These
Malignant Struma Ovarii Demonstrated on Post-Therapy Radioiodine Scan After Total Thyroidectomy for Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Seok Tae Lim, Hwan-Jeong Jeong, Myoung-Ja Chung, Chang-Yeol Yim, Myung-Hee Sohn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Struma ovarii is an ovarian tumor containing thyroid tissue as a predominant cell type. Malignant transformation is rare. The cervical thyroid is usually found to be normal on histology. In a patient who had previously undergone thyroidectomy because of papillary thyroid cancer, we report a case of malignant struma ovarii, which was incidentally detected on a post-therapy radioiodine scan, and was histologically confirmed after adnexectomy.
Fetal Malformations Following Anti-Cancer Therapy During Pregnancy
Authors: Edwin D. Savlov
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  In looking at the table on page 2,608 in the article by Murray et al, concerning anti-cancer therapy for breast cancer in the first trimester of pregnancy, published in the Nov 9, 1984, issue ofThe Journal, 1 I find a discrepancy with the printed text. If one excludes the 52 cases treated with aminopterin during the first trimester, as suggested by the authors, 112 cases were treated, with nine patients in which fetal malformations were observed, roughly an 8% incidence of malformations. If one then adds the four cases that went to delivery reported by McKeen et al 2 of which two had malformations, the incidence rises to 9%, 11 cases out of 114.  I, therefore, suggest that the conclusion made by the authors, that the risk of a malformed neonate is small following the administration of cytotoxic drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy, should
Double-Blind Study of Nimesulide in Divers with Inflammatory Disorders of the Ear, Nose and Throat
Authors: G. Banchini, I. Scaricabarozzi, U. Montecorboli, A. Ceccarelli, F. Chiesa, L. Ditri, G. Mazzer, R. Moroni, M. Viola, F. Roggia, G. Oppo
Journal: Drugs (1993)
Congenital Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula Associated with Large Patent Ductus
Authors: LEWIS H. BOSHER, SVERRE VASLI, CAROLYN MOORE MCCUE, LESTER F. BELTER
Journal: Circulation (1959)

An unusual case of congenital coronary arteriovenous fistula is reported, bringing the total number of reported cases to 39. This is the second case in which the left coronary artery system communicated directly with the right atrium, and also the second case associated with a patent ductus. Our case is well documented by cardiac catheterization data, retrograde aortography, and postmortem findings. Although surgical correction of both the patent ductus and coronary arteriovenous fistula was accomplished without great difficulty, the patient died 30 hours postoperatively, presumably from the effects of severe pulmonary hypertension.
Myelodysplasia and leukemia of Fanconi anemia are associated with a specific pattern of genomic abnormalities that includes cryptic RUNX1/AML1 lesions
Authors: Samuel Quentin, Wendy Cuccuini, Raphael Ceccaldi, Olivier Nibourel, Corinne Pondarre, Marie-Pierre Pagès, Nadia Vasquez, Catherine Dubois d'Enghien, Jérôme Larghero, Régis Peffault de Latour, Vanderson Rocha, Jean-Hugues Dalle, Pascale Schneider, Mauricette Michallet, Gérard Michel, André Baruchel, François Sigaux, Eliane Gluckman, Thierry Leblanc, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Claude Preudhomme, Gérard Socié, Jean Soulier
Journal: Blood (2011)
Vancomycin Therapy for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: TANIA C. SORRELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Ten patients with bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were treated with vancomycin. These patients were compared with matched controls, nine bacteremic patients with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, and one patient with penicillin-sensitive S. aureus. Controls were treated with a penicillin. There were no significant differences in time to defervescence, metastatic infections, relapse, mortality, need for surgical drainage, or duration of therapy. Fifteen of 19 episodes of serious methicillin-resistant S. aureus infection responded to vancomycin. Severe toxic effects included tinnitus, neutropenia, rash, and possible nephrotoxicity. Tolerance (a minimal bactericidal concentration to minimal inhibitory concentration ratio of at least 32), but not a minimal bactericidal concentration of at least 32 mg/L, correlated with therapeutic failure (respectively, p = 0.04 and p = 0.11, Fisher's exact test). Bacteremic infections due to methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus cause similar morbidity and mortality. Vancomycin is effective but potentially toxic therapy for most serious infections due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus. In-vitro tests may not predict therapeutic efficacy.
"LUDWIG'S ANGINA AND MEDIASTINAL ABSCESS FOLLOWING TONSILLECTOMY; OPERATION; RECOVERY"
Authors: Otto Glogau
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, Nov. 27, 1926, p. 1831, Dr. Carl M. Sautter takes exception to my method of external opening of abscesses descending into the neck and mediastinum. He says: Glogau, in his article on phlegmonous conditions of the neck, advises carrying an incision down to the sternum and sealing off the mediastinum above the clavicle with gauze to prevent a descending abscess; he cites two cases in which this procedure was adopted, which terminated fatally, with some pus found in the mediastinum at postmortem. The advisability of this technic as a routine method, however, seems questionable because of the relative infrequency of the condition. Furthermore, from a cosmetic point of view, one naturally avoids unsightly scarring as far as may be, and also the possibility of defeating one's purpose by unintentional infection of the mediastinum by this form of prophylactic surgery. With the modern facilities available,
Rapid Induction and Translocation of Egr-1 in Response to Mechanical Strain in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Henning Morawietz, Yunn-Hwa Ma, Franklin Vives, Emily Wilson, Vikas P. Sukhatme, Jürgen Holtz, Harlan E. Ives
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —The effect of mechanical strain on transcription and expression of the immediate-early genes, early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1), c- jun , and c- fos , was investigated in neonatal rat aortic vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells. Cells grown on silicone elastomer plates were subjected to cyclic mechanical strain (1 Hz) at various durations and magnitudes. Egr-1 mRNA increased rapidly in response to cyclic strain, reached a maximum of 10-fold after 30 minutes, and returned to baseline after 4 hours. c- jun exhibited a similar pattern, whereas c- fos mRNA expression was unaffected by strain. Cycloheximide prolonged the increase in Egr-1 and c- jun mRNA and caused superinduction of both. The threshold level of continuous cyclic strain needed to induce expression was 5% for Egr-1 and c- jun . Even a single cycle of mechanical strain that lasted 1 second was sufficient to induce Egr-1 and c- jun mRNA. Strain also increased expression of a transiently transfected Egr-1 promoter-reporter construct. The effect of varying extracellular matrices on strain-induced Egr-1 and c- jun mRNA was examined. In contrast to collagen type 1- and pronectin-coated plates, strain did not significantly alter expression of Egr-1 and c- jun was less induced on laminin-coated plates. On collagen type 1, strain increased Egr-1 protein levels by 2.1-fold at 60 minutes. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed translocation of Egr-1 to the nucleus in response to strain. These observations indicate that Egr-1 expression and translocation are sensitive to mechanical perturbation of the cell. c- jun is also induced by strain, but c-fos is not. The signal for this induction may involve specific cell-matrix interactions.
The inspiratory "squawk" in extrinsic allergic alveolitis and other pulmonary fibroses.
Authors: J E Earis, K Marsh, M G Pearson, C M Ogilvie
Journal: Thorax (1982)

An inspiratory musical sound ("squawk") was recorded in 14 patients with diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. These were divided into two groups: nine patients suffering from extrinsic allergic alveolitis (seven with bird fancier9s lung and two with farmer9s lung) and five patients with pulmonary fibrosis due to other causes, including rheumatoid disease, Wegener9s granulomatosis, systemic sclerosis, and sarcoidosis. Clinical studies and phonopneumographic analysis of 10 consecutive squawks in each patient showed that the sound in the group with extrinsic allergic alveolitis was of shorter duration, occurred later in inspiration, and tended to be of higher frequency than the sound heard in the other group. Inspiratory crackles were present in all patients and in eight a single loud crackle preceded the squawk. We suggest that squawks, like crackles, result from the opening of airways and that the differences between the squawks in the two groups may reflect the size of the affected airways.
Inflammation, Growth Factors, and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Paul M. Hassoun, Luc Mouthon, Joan A. Barberà, Saadia Eddahibi, Sonia C. Flores, Friedrich Grimminger, Peter Lloyd Jones, Michael L. Maitland, Evangelos D. Michelakis, Nicholas W. Morrell, John H. Newman, Marlene Rabinovitch, Ralph Schermuly, Kurt R. Stenmark, Norbert F. Voelkel, Jason X.-J. Yuan, Marc Humbert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)