tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatic transplantation survival: Correlation with adenine nucleotide level in donor liver
Authors: Amos Lanir, Roger L. Jenkins, Cary Caldwell, Robert G. L. Lee, Urmila Khettry, Melvin E. Clouse
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

The hypothesis was tested that human donor livers with higher ATP content and energy charge achieve better results after hepatic transplantation. Biopsies were obtained from 25 donor livers immediately prior to implantation and analyzed for adenine nucleotides using high-performance liquid chromatography. The results were correlated with organ histology, transplant function and outcome. Significantly higher concentrations of ATP (4.22 ± 2.87 vs. 0.71 ± 0.69 nmoles per mg protein, p &lt; 0.01), ADP (8.75 ± 2.96 vs. 4.49 ± 1.95 nmoles per mg protein, p &lt; 0.01) and energy charge (0.43 ± 0.15 vs. 0.21 ± 0.04, p &lt; 0.02) were found in successful (n = 20) relative to failed (n = 5) livers. No significant differences were found in AMP, xanthine or hypoxanthine for the two groups, although the average values were higher in failed livers. Fifteen recipients with liver ATP concentration above 2 nmoles per mg protein and energy charge above 0.3 recovered well. Five other successful patients with lower ATP concentration (0.70 ± 0.39 nmoles per mg protein) and energy charge (0.20 ± 0.03) had postoperative courses complicated by infection or prolonged hyperbilirubinemia. In five patients whose livers failed, all had low ATP content and energy charge. Of these, three received a replacement liver and two died shortly after the transplantation. The study demonstrates a direct correlation between high ATP content and good posttransplant outcome.
Author's reply to Timimi
Authors: I. McClure
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Given the increasing costs of stimulant use,1 and the convincing argument about insufficient evidence that benefits outweigh harms in long term use for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) “of any severity,”2 3 isn’t it time that the Department of Health investigated the cost-benefit profile for such drug use? To decide on the best approach for our children, we need to balance the playing field. Government should match the considerable financial investment …
Positive selection determines T cell receptor V beta 14 gene usage by CD8+ T cells.
Authors: N S Liao, J Maltzman, D H Raulet
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We report here a mAb, 14-2, reactive with TCRs that include V beta 14. The frequency of V beta 14+ T cells varies with CD4 and CD8 subset and is controlled by the H-2 genes. Thus CD8+ T cells from H-2b mice include approximately 2.3% V beta 14+ T cells while CD8+ T cells from mice expressing K kappa include greater than 8% V beta 14+ T cells. In all strains examined, 7-8% of CD4+ T cells express V beta 14. The frequent usage of V beta 14 in CD8+ T cells of K kappa-expressing mice is a result of preferential positive selection of V beta 14+ CD8+ T cells as demonstrated by analysis of radiation chimeras. These studies demonstrate that H-2-dependent positive selection occurs in unmanipulated mice. Furthermore, the results imply that positive selection, and possibly H-2 restriction, can be strongly influenced by a V beta domain, with some independence from the beta-junctional sequence and alpha chain.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Treating Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Michael Scott Mahoney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters5 January 1999Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Treating Venous ThromboembolismMaria M.W. Koopman, MD and Harry R. Büller, MDMaria M.W. Koopman, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Harry R. Büller, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-1-199901050-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We concluded that LMWH is the preferred therapy for patients with deep venous thrombosis on the basis of its demonstrated efficacy, ease of administration, lack of need for laboratory monitoring, and decreased risk for bleeding. This conclusion was based on a pooled analysis of the results of all the studies mentioned in our review (1) and the data from the THESEE (2) and Columbus Investigators (3) trials. In this pooled analysis, currently in press (4), major hemorrhage was observed in 1.1% of the patients allocated to LMWH and in 2.0% of the patients who received unfractionated heparin (odds ...References1. Turkstra F, Koopman MM, Büller HR. The treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Thromb Haemost. 1997;78:489-96. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Simonneau G, Sors H, Charbonnier B, Page Y, Laaben JP, Azarian R, et al. A comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for acute pulmonary embolism. The THESEE Study Group. Tinzaparine ou Heparine Standard: Evaluations dans l'Embolie Pulmonaire. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337:663-9. Google Scholar3. Low-molecular-weight heparin in the treatment of patients with venous thromboembolism. The Columbus Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337:657-62. Google Scholar4. van den Belt AG, Prins MH, Lensing AW, Hirsh J. Initial and long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism. In: Oudkerk M, van Beek EJ, ten Cate JW, eds. Pulmonary Embolism. Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Oxford: Blackwell Science Publishers; [In press]. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoLow-Molecular-Weight Heparins in the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Maria M.W. Koopman and Harry R. Buller Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for Treating Venous Thromboembolism Michael Scott Mahoney and Marc Kahn Metrics 5 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 1Page: 77-78KeywordsDeep vein thrombosisHemorrhageHeparinLow molecular weight heparinOdds ratioResearch laboratoriesSafetyVenous thromboembolism Issue Published: 5 January 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Note on the Occurrence of Leishman-Donovan Bodies in "Cachexial Fevers," Including Kala-Azar
Authors: L. Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1904)

many of the girls is the chief cause of the curvature of the spine, and that it calls very strongly for more attention to physical education, and especially for more provision for gymnastics than is found at present in elementary schools ior girls.Girls, too, of the lower classes do not as a rule play the same vigorous games as do the boys, or as are played now by girls of the higher classes of society.Eyes.-There was no case of colour blindness or even of " confusion of colours " among the girls.Acuteness of Vision.-Out of the total number, 202, nearly 13 per cent.had errors of refraction requiring the use of glasses.Only 39 per cent. of these were already provided witlh any glasses.Hearing.-Out of 1,400 cases 117, 8.3 per cent., had defec- tive hearing to some extent.In 8o of these the defect was slight, a watch normally heard at i8 in.being audible at dis- tances varying from 6 in. to I2 in.In 37 cases the defect was considerable, the watch being heard only at less than 6 in., in many cases at less than 2 in.In nearly all these, however, one ear only was affected.In several there was a history of otorrhoea.In no case was the deafness noticeable in ordinary conversation.Contrary to my expectation I found but few of the cases of defective hearing associated with enlarged tonsils or adenoids, they were 13 in all, or about I I per cent.Throat and Nose.-Enlarged tonsils, adenoids, or both, were found in 148 cases, naarly io per cent.Many of the cases were slight and no treatment was advised.Fifteen cases of adenoids were recommended to undergo an operation.The association with deafness was, as remarked above, very small, being limited to I3 cases.The percentage of enlarged tonsils and adenoids was very much less in the girls than the boys, 10 12,
Increased ophthalmic artery resistance index is associated with cognitive impairment in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Pierfrancesco Grima, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Nicoletta Ciccarelli, Mariangela Tana, Salvatore Farina, Manuela Colafigli, Annalisa Mondi, Roberto Cauda, Simona Di Giambenedetto
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)
Website of the week: Drug company ethics
Authors: R. MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (2001)

John le Carre's new novel (reviewed on p 55) features drug company exploitation of the developing world. In real life as well as in fiction, drug companies are big, powerful, and motivated by money. Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) has been in the forefront of the campaign to ensure that disadvantaged populations get the medicines they need. Its website http://www.accessmed.msf.org/ explains what its campaign is about and exactly …
Primary Care in Transition-Reply
Authors: Philip R. Alper
Journal: JAMA (1995)

In Reply.  —Dr Harer's letter, sent on behalf of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, is a disappointment to those who are seriously interested in the future of nonprocedural primary care. Little has changed since Pearson 1 first put forth the OBG agenda two decades ago. The contemporaneous response seems just as tangential now. 2   The reason for proposing separate budgets and a separate fee schedule for primary care and for limiting the definition of the primary care specialties to internal medicine, pediatrics, and family practice lies precisely in the posture of transitional specialists who seem to favor considering themselves as primary care physicians in the sense of being first-contact professionals, but who eschew any significant involvement in the details of managing the care of many of the diseases that characterize the everyday practice of most primary care physicians.  For example, when have gynecologists evaluated chest pain? How many
Auditory Evoked Response, EEG, and Thought Process in Schizophrenics
Authors: B. SALETU, T. M. ITIL, M. SALETU
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The authors investigated the clinical symptomatology, auditory evoked responses, and quantitatively analyzed EEGs of chronic schizophrenic patients with thought process disorder (TPD), schizophrenic patients without TPD, and matched normal volunteers. They describe the differences they found in terms of the variability, shape, latency, and amplitude of the patterns of the evoked potentials for the three groups. They also attempt to relate the neurophysiological findings with some characteristics of thought process disorder.
Change in properties of exogenous surfactant in injured rabbit lung.
Authors: T Ueda, M Ikegami
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We asked if the function of surfactant could be enhanced after exposure to injured lungs. We also asked if sensitivity to inhibition of the minimal surface-tension-lowering properties of surfactant by plasma could be altered. Lung injury in rabbits was induced with N-nitroso-N-methylurethane (NMU) and 6 of 17 NMU-injured rabbits were treated with 100 mg/kg surfactant. All rabbits were ventilated for 2 h, and large aggregate alveolar surfactant was isolated by centrifugation. In vivo function of the large aggregate surfactant was evaluated by treatment of preterm surfactant-deficient rabbits at 27 d gestation. Surfactant from NMU-injured lungs increased compliance from 0.37 +/- 0.01 in control preterm rabbits to 0.71 +/- 0.05, a value significantly higher than found for the surfactant used for treatment (0.55 +/- 0.04) (p < 0.05). The minimal surface tensions of large aggregate surfactant and the surfactant used for treatment (0.1 mg lipid/ml) were evaluated for inhibition by plasma proteins. Surfactant from NMU-injured and surfactant-treated rabbits was more resistant to inhibition (minimal surface tension, 5.7 +/- 3.9 dyne/cm in the presence of 0.6 mg/ml plasma protein) than the surfactant used for treatment (19.7 +/- 0.8 dyne/cm). These results indicate that after exposure to the injured lung, the function of the surfactant used for treatment was enhanced and made less sensitive to plasma inhibition of the surface-tension-lowering properties of surfactant. These changes probably result from the association of endogenous surfactant components with exogenous surfactant.
E-selectin engages PSGL-1 and CD44 through a common signaling pathway to induce integrin αLβ2-mediated slow leukocyte rolling
Authors: Tadayuki Yago, Bojing Shao, Jonathan J. Miner, Longbiao Yao, Arkadiusz G. Klopocki, Kenichiro Maeda, K. Mark Coggeshall, Rodger P. McEver
Journal: Blood (2010)
Bacterial Peptidoglycan Triggers Candida albicans Hyphal Growth by Directly Activating the Adenylyl Cyclase Cyr1p
Authors: Xiao-Li Xu, Raymond Teck Ho Lee, Hao-Ming Fang, Yan-Ming Wang, Rong Li, Hao Zou, Yong Zhu, Yue Wang
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
ADJUVATORS TO THE PROPAGATION OF MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR CELLS ON EXPANSES OF SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE
Authors: James S. Henderson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

The cells of a mouse mammary cancer were obtained with enzymes in suspensions which could be filtered to exclude all which were not single and most which were already dead. Heavy suspensions of these individual cells were plated over the dorsal subcutaneous expanses of female weanling mice where they implanted and grew to form coalescent tumors covering the back more or less entirely. Sparser suspensions, similarly plated (a) gave rise to fewer tumors, and (b) gave rise to tumors reaching measurable size later. These two consequences of sparser plating left room for the testing of adjuvators to transplantation. Adjuvator effects were obtained by splitting the subcutaneous expanses beforehand and by injecting liver along with the plated cells. Through 28 plated generations over 4 yr the tumor maintained completely stable, morphological heterogeneity. These findings with a complex tumor indicate strongly that its heterogeneity comes not from repeated cellular mutation late in its development, but from diverse potentiality to give rise to cells of specific and differing character, inherent in its individual cells at the time of its multicellular origin.
Allergy to iprindole (Prondol) with hepatotoxicity.
Authors: J C Price, J A Collings-Wells
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Methotrexate 0 -F 72 Methotrexate 0-*Grading of response: 0 = 0-25% reduction in area of involvement + =25-50°% ++=50-75°% + + + =75-100% extent 25 % or more.Improvement occurred at two weeks in two patients.In the remaining three improvement was not observed till four to six weeks.In three of the patients who had shown improvement azathioprine treatment was discontinued at the end of the six-week period.One month later relapse had occurred in two of these.In three of the 10 patients toxic effects were noted (leucopenia in two, raised serum bilirubin in one), but these reverted to normal on ceasing azathioprine.Methotrexate given in daily oral dosage is effective in 70-100% of cases of chronic psoriasis,6 whereas in the present study only one-half of the patients showed sig- nificant clearing with azathioprine.Since, however, three of the remaining patients had failed to respond to methotrexate and one to systemic triamcinolone the comparison is probably misleading, and we feel our results are sufficiently encouraging to justify a more detailed study of azathioprine in psoriasis.-Weare, etc.,
Ultrastructural Liver Pathology in Patients with Minimal Liver Disease and α<sub>1</sub>-Antitrypsin Deficiency: A Comparison Between Heterozygous and Homozygous Patients
Authors: Rolf Hultcrantz, Silva Mengarelli
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

A light and electron microscopic investigation of liver tissue from three homozygous (Pi-type ZZ) and three heterozygous (Pi-type MZ) α 1 -antitrypsin deficiency patients is presented. All had slightly elevated levels of serum amino transferases as the only signs of liver damage. Light microscopical investigation showed minor periportal fibrosis and periodic acid-Schiff-positive globules in the homozygous patients, but no specific findings besides fatty changes were seen in the heterozygous patients. Electron microscopical investigation was performed on periportal and centrilobular areas separately. In the three homozygous patients, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum was found in many periportal liver parenchymal cells. In these cells, a marked increase in peroxisomes was also noted and in some instances they showed signs of cell necrosis. Evidence of Rupffer cell heterophagy of such cells was also found, thus indicating that they had died. Only in one liver parenchymal cell from one of the three heterozygous patients was evidence of a dilated endoplasmic reticulum found. No increase in peroxisomes was found and no apparent signs of liver cell necrosis were noted. An increased amount of lipofuscin-like material in the lysosomes was encountered in liver cells both from patients with homozygous and heterozygous ai-antitrypsin deficiency. Based on these findings, it is suggested that cell death occurs in cells with a dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum. If these findings are important for the pathogenesis in liver disease in α 1 -antitrypsin deficiency, the present study suggests that the risk to develop liver disease is less in heterozygous patients since, with one exception, alterations of the same nature were not found in their hepatocytes.
Oesophagorespiratory Fistulas as a Complication of Self-Expanding Metal Oesophageal Stents
Authors: S. Hasan, D. Beckly, J. Rahamim
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Self-expanding metal oesophageal stents are considered by many to be the ideal palliative treatment for malignant dysphagia, but there have been reports of life-threatening complications associated with their use. We report three cases in which oesophagorespiratory fistulas were caused by the use of these stents.
SOME NEEDS OF INSTITUTION CHILDREN
Authors: JOHN RUHRÄH
Journal: JAMA (1907)

On a number of occasions I have been asked the causes of failure in the raising of institution children, especially of infants under 1 year of age. At the same time I have been asked the requirements for an institution which is going to engage in the work of receiving foundlings. I have thought, therefore, that it might be interesting to set down the minimal requirements for doing the best work in this line and to hear in return the experience of others. There are two chief causes of failure in institution work, viz., the lack of funds, and the actual management of the institution through large boards of laymen. The amount of money required to raise a baby in an institution varies within such wide limits, depending on the nature of the place and the location of it, that this point may be omitted from the discussion with the
Communicating oesophageal duplication: a report of two cases.
Authors: M L Ratan, R Anand, S K Mittal, S Taneja
Journal: Gut (1988)

Alimentary duplications which include a variety of alimentary cysts, diverticula and tubular malformations are rare abnormalities. Most of them, especially in relation to the oesophagus, do not communicate with the lumen. We present two very rare cases of communicating oesophageal duplication. Both are left sided and unassociated with any other congenital abnormality. These features again are uncommon with such duplications.
Belgium bans tobacco advertising
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Belgium has became the latest country to ban tobacco advertising. The new restrictions will operate from 1 January 1999 after they were overwhelmingly supported by the country's parliament last week.

The legislation, which was supported by the ruling government coalition, by the country's Green politicians, and by the Flemish autonomist Volksunie party, will also outlaw tobacco sponsorship of …
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Epsilon Affects Body Weight by Downregulating Leptin Signaling in a Phosphorylation-Dependent Manner
Authors: Liat Rousso-Noori, Hilla Knobler, Einat Levy-Apter, Yael Kuperman, Adi Neufeld-Cohen, Yonat Keshet, Vasudheva R. Akepati, Richard A. Klinghoffer, Alon Chen, Ari Elson
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Increased plasma levels of endothelin 1 and von Willebrand factor in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Authors: B G Seligman, A Biolo, C A Polanczyk, J L Gross, N Clausell
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: Endothelial markers endothelin 1 (ET-1) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia and in patients with hypercholesterolemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this case-control study, plasma ET-and vWF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 35 normoalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia (56+/-5 years), in 21 nondiabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia (52+/-7 years), and in 19 healthy control subjects (45+/-4 years). All of the individuals were normotensive and nonsmokers. Urinary albumin was measured by immunoturbidimetry. RESULTS: ET-1 levels were higher (P&amp;lt;0.0001) in type 2 diabetic dyslipidemic patients (1.62+/-0.73 pg/ml) than in both nondiabetic hypercholesterolemic patients (0.91+/-0.73 pg/ml) and control subjects (0.69+/-0.25 pg/ml). vWF levels were significantly increased (P = 0.02) in type 2 diabetic (185.49+/-72.1%) and hypercholesterolemic (163.29+/-50.7%) patients compared with control subjects (129.70+/-35.2%). In the multiple linear regression analysis. ET-1 was significantly associated (adjusted r2 = 0.42) with serum triglyceride levels (P&amp;lt;0.001), age (P&amp;lt;0.01), insulin sensitivity index (P&amp;lt;0.02), and albuminuria levels (P&amp;lt;0.04). vWF levels were associated (adjusted r2 = 0.22) with albuminuria (P&amp;lt;0.001), fibrinogen levels (P&amp;lt;0.02), and BMI (P&amp;lt;0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with hypercholesterolemic patients, type 2 diabetic patients with dyslipidemia have increased levels of ET-1 and vWF which may indicate more pronounced endothelial injury. These findings appear to be related to components of the insulin resistance syndrome.