tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reviews and Notes: Medical-Psychiatric Practice
Authors: Gregory Simon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 October 1995Reviews and Notes: Medical-Psychiatric PracticeGregory Simon, MD, MPHGregory Simon, MD, MPHGroup Health Cooperative Seattle, WA 98101Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-7-199510010-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Volume 3. A Stoudemire and BS Fogel; eds. 609 pages. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Pr; 1995. $68.50. ISBN 0-88048-427-6. Order phone 800-368-5777.The belief that mind and body are intimately connected is not new, but it has often rested more on faith and anecdote than on science. During the last decade, research has begun to define the immunologic, neurochemical, and behavioral pathways that link medical illness with mental and emotional states. Medical-Psychiatric Practice is the third volume in a series intended to update practitioners on this research and its clinical implications.Although this book is described as a textbook of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Group Health Cooperative Seattle, WA 98101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInstrumente des Direktmarketings 1 October 1995Volume 123, Issue 7Page: 558KeywordsChronic fatigue syndromeEmotionsHIVHead injuryInfectious disease immunologyOverlap syndromeParkinson diseasePopulation statisticsPsychiatry and mental healthPsychopharmacology ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
F-18 FDG PET/CT Can Help Differentiate SAPHO Syndrome From Suspected Metastatic Bone Disease
Authors: Chirag N. Patel, Jonathan T. Smith, James J. Rankine, Andrew F. Scarsbrook
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 20-year-old woman underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the spine for back pain, which demonstrated a solitary lesion in the T2 vertebral body suspicious for a metastasis. Subsequent computed tomography and bone scintigraphy identified several further sites of bony involvement but no primary malignancy. The patient was referred for F-18 FDG PET/CT which demonstrated intense FDG activity in the sternoclavicular and sacroiliac joints, in addition to the known thoracic vertebral body involvement suggesting spondyloarthropathy rather than malignant disease. During the course of investigations, the patient developed palmoplantar pustulosis leading to a diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome.
B4-05: Development of a serum marker panel for early lung cancer detection and treatment response assessment using the proximity-ligation assay (PLA)
Authors: Odd Terje Brustugun, Quynh-Thu Le, Albert Koong, Åslaug Helland, Paal F. Brunsvig, Ron Davis, Simon Fredriksson
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Ethics checklists and sharing patients' information
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2009)

How often do you think “ethics” when seeing a patient? You may believe that ethical issues are always at the front of your mind, but is this really so, and would a checklist help? Our ethics commentator Daniel Sokol thinks it would (doi:10.1136/bmj.b879). Based on his recent experience of joining hospital ward rounds, he gives two cases where patients would have been better off if ethical issues had been raised routinely: a man with HIV infection whose views on disclosure to his wife and girlfriend were not known, and a demented man with cancer who was on intensive care because his advance …
US sets standards for mammography
Authors: F B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1994)

All mammography clinics in the US will have to be accredited by the American College of Radiology, said David Kessler, commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), last week. Kessler's announcement, made in a speech to the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America aims to set a national standard for mammography services. About 70% of mammography clinics are already accredited, but women's groups have expressed concern about standards in the rest. An FDA spokesperson said that some clinics were …
THE EFFECT OF CORTISONE ON THE SHWARTZMAN REACTION
Authors: Lewis Thomas, Robert A. Good
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

1. Cortisone, in a dose of 25 mg. daily and with a pretreatment period of 3 days, in rabbits weighing 1 to 1.5 kilos, did not inhibit the dermal Shwartzman reaction produced by meningococcal or S. marcescens toxin. 2. In cortisone-treated rabbits, a single intradermal injection of toxin produced a primary reaction of hemorrhage and necrosis in the skin at the injected site. This lesion resembled the Shwartzman reaction in its gross and histological appearance. 3. Like the Shwartzman reaction, the primary hemorrhagic reaction in cortisone-treated rabbits was prevented by nitrogen mustard, and the preventive effect of nitrogen mustard was partly eliminated when the femoral marrow was protected against the latter agent. 4. A single intravenous injection of meningococcal or S. marcescens toxin, in cortisone-treated rabbits, was followed by bilateral cortical necrosis of the kidneys in the majority of instances. The renal lesions, as well as hemorrhages in the lungs, spleen, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, resembled the lesions of the generalized Shwartzman reaction. Histologically, the glomerular capillaries in both types appeared to be occluded by homogeneous, eosinophilic material which showed a strongly positive Schiff reaction. 5. The renal lesion following a single injection of toxin in cortisone-treated animals, and that following two intravenous injections in the generalized Shwartzman reaction, were both completely prevented by nitrogen mustard. This effect of nitrogen mustard was inhibited when the femoral marrow was protected against the latter agent. 6. The injection of S. marcescens toxin into the skin of normal rabbits did not cause systemic symptoms, nor was it possible to provoke the generalized Shwartzman reaction by this route. In cortisone-treated rabbits, a similar intradermal injection was regularly followed by the development of bilateral cortical necrosis of the kidneys, indicating that absorption of toxin from the skin occurred in these animals. 7. Possible mechanisms to account for the observations are discussed. The authors are obliged to Professor James R. Dawson for many helpful suggestions during the course of this investigation.
THE RELATION OF POSTURAL HEMODILUTION TO PAROXYSMAL DYSPNEA
Authors: George A. Perera, Robert W. Berliner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)

For many years, there has been considerable speculation about the mechanism of paroxysmal dyspnea. Changes in vasomotor, neural, cardiac, and respiratory physiology, nightmares and other trigger mechanisms, and alterations in blood volume have been variously suggested as responsible for the characteristic nocturnal attacks. The present study was undertaken to see whether shifts of body fluid to the blood stream, following rest in the horizontal position, could be correlated with the time of onset of paroxysmal dyspnea and might therefore be considered a factor in inducing acute left-sided heart failure. B6hme (1) early noted a fall in serum proteins after rest, a rise after periods of exercise; and other workers (2 to 5) have published results indicating that the change from recumbency to an upright position may be followed by a rise in protein concentration, usually ranging from 10 to 20 per cent. Similar changes in the composition and volume of the blood have also been reported (3, 5, 6). Since the introduction of the concept of cardiac asthma (7), reviewers of the subject (8, 9) have pointed out the frequently nocturnal character of these episodes, which usually occur at rest and in the horizontal position. Weiss and Robb (9) have suggested that patients with low plasma proteins are more susceptible to severe attacks.
Unilateral Agenesis of the Parotid Gland With Contralateral Compensation Hypermetabolism of FDG
Authors: Yen-Kung Chen, Chu-Jen Kuo, Chia-Lu Yeh
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 75-year-old man with prostate adenocarcinoma had a baseline FDG PET/CT that demonstrated increased left parotid and absent right parotid activity. The CT revealed fat in the right parotid space and enlargement of the left parotid gland. There was no history of dry mouth. Agenesis of one or more of the salivary glands is extremely rare with only few reported cases. Awareness of anatomic variations is helpful for reviewing PET without CT or pertechnetate, sestimibi, and gallium examinations where salivary gland activity may typically be interpreted without coregistered CT.
Sixteenth Annual Pezcoller Symposium
Authors: Enrico Mihich, Rudolf Jaenisch
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

In the postgenomic era of cancer biology, it is becoming increasingly evident that epigenetic controls of gene expression play an important role in determining the phenotype of cancer cells, also indicating the possibility of restoring epigenetically a normal phenotype in cancer cells. Related to these mechanisms of control and their dynamic changes during carcinogenesis and tumor progression are the phenomena determining the relationships between stem cells and cancer cells. This symposium focused on epigenetic mechanisms affecting cancer development and possibly providing a basis for intervention. The basic biology of stem cells and the relationships between stem cells and cancer were discussed. Epigenetic control mechanisms affecting gene expression with emphasis on DNA methylation and histone function were considered. Therapeutic strategies stemming from the knowledge acquired in the basic topics discussed also were outlined.
Duodenal obstruction due to abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Authors: H M Adair
Journal: BMJ (1975)

completely healthy, without neurological symptoms or Kayser-Fleischer ring, and liver test results were normal.Serum caeruloplasmin1 was slightly decreased at 95 mg/l (normal value in our laboratory 130-270 mg/l), and urine copper excretion was raised at 1-27 1Lmol/24th (81 gg/24 h) (normal value 0-78 Lmol/24 h (50 sg/24 h)).After a diagnostic test with 64Cu2 a preclinical stage of Wilson's disease was diagnosed.He was given D-penicillamine 1 g/day.No side effects were observed during the first 13 months.In May 1973 he developed weakness of the right ocular muscles; in particular, ptosis was more pronounced at the end of the day.During the next 10 days the weakness became worse and left ptosis developed; no other muscles showed weakness.After edrophonium chloride 10 mg intravenously rapid opening of both eyes was noted.Electromyography and immunological investigations were not performed.Penicillamine was withdrawn and he was given neostigmine.After six weeks he showed no symptoms of myasthenia.Eight months later he still had no neurological symptoms.Laboratory investigations confirmed the diagnosis of Wilson's disease.An electromyo- gram and a laminagram of the mediastinum were normal.Though weak antibodies to smooth muscles were detected in the serum by indirect immuno- fluorescence no antinuclear antibodies were found.The patient was again given D-penicillamine 0 75 g/day.During the next 10 months he had no side effects.Antibodies to smooth muscles were detected in May and June 1974 but not in November 1974.The myastlienic syndrome which developed in this patient was probably induced by penicillamine, just as other autoimmune syn- dromes have occurred after long-term treatment with this drug.3
Arvid Carlsson: An Early Pioneer in Translational Medicine
Authors: Julie K. Andersen
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2009)

Translational medicine has recently experienced an upsurge in interest and funding, yet the idea is not new. More than half a century ago, the Swedish scientist Arvid Carlsson performed basic research on the neurotransmitter dopamine that was rapidly translated into the first clinical treatment for Parkinson ’s disease. For his contributions, Carlsson shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in the year 2000.
Left Ventricular Dysfunction on Exercise Long Term After Total Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Chisato Kondo, Makoto Nakazawa, Kiyoko Kusakabe, Kazuo Momma
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Excellent results regarding mortality are well recognized in the long-term period after intracardiac repair of tetralogy of Fallot. However, it is still unclear how postoperative sequelae affect cardiac performance during exercise.Twenty-nine patients with tetralogy of Fallot were studied 16 +/- 2 years after intracardiac repair by use of radionuclide first-pass ventriculography with an ultra-high-sensitive gamma camera at rest and at peak exercise on a semi-upright bicycle ergometer. The results were compared with those from 10 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Left and right ventricular ejection fraction and absolute ventricular volume were measured at rest and peak exercise. Regional right ventricular wall motion and diastolic function of the left ventricle were also assessed. Cardiac output of tetralogy was normally preserved both at rest and during exercise. Nevertheless, the incremental response of left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise was depressed in the patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise was inversely correlated with the right ventricular end-diastolic volume and the severity of pulmonary regurgitation. Regional wall motion at the right ventricular outflow tract was not decreased in the patients. Left ventricular diastolic function was not impaired in the patients compared with control subjects.Latent left ventricular dysfunction during exercise is related to an enlarged right ventricle due to pulmonary regurgitation after intracardiac repair of tetralogy. Careful follow-up is required in patients having significant pulmonary regurgitation.
616. Protection of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension by Adeno-Associated Virus Vector-Mediated Interleukin-10 Expression
Authors: Takayuki Ito, Takashi Okada, Hiroshi Miyashita, Tatsuya Nomoto, Yoshikazu Maeda, Mutsuko Sarukawa, Masahisa Shimpo, Toru Yoshioka, Takashi Matsushita, Hiroaki Mizukami, Akihiro Kume, Keiji Yamamoto, Uichi Ikeda, Kazuyuki Shimada, Keiya Ozawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Background: Inflammation in the pulmonary vasculature plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of primary pulmonary hypertension (PH). Interleukin (IL)-10, an antiinflammatory cytokine, exerts pleiotropic vasculoprotective effects by attenuating inflammatory responses, endothelial dysfunction, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors can achieve sustained gene expression with minimal inflammatory and immune responses. We examined whether AAV-mediated IL-10 expression could prevent the monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH progression in rats.
Book Review The Mummy's Tale: The Scientific and Medical Investigation of Natsef-Amun, Priest in the Temple at Karnak Edited by A.R. David and E. Tapp. 176 pp., illustrated. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1992. $24.95. 0-312-09061-7
Authors: Guenter B. Risse
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Expectations of a pregnant woman.
Authors: K A Harden
Journal: BMJ (1978)

hair has been advocated by a number of authors" but is not a procedure which has been widely accepted in the United Kingdom.However, the use of enzyme variants employing a simple technique on single hairs possesses certain advantages over ABO grouping and it promises to enhance signifi- cantly the value of hair examination in corroborating, or disproving by exclusion, allegations of rape in which the circumstances of the crime have led to the forcible removal of hair by one or other of the participants.Such methods are already developed in the United Kingdom to the stage where they have been adopted into routine casework and produced in court as evidence.'
Potential Clinical Significance of a Plasma-Based <i>KRAS</i> Mutation Analysis in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shuhang Wang, Tongtong An, Jie Wang, Jun Zhao, Zhijie Wang, Minglei Zhuo, Hua Bai, Lu Yang, Yan Zhang, Xin Wang, Jianchun Duan, Yuyan Wang, Qingzhi Guo, Meina Wu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with KRAS mutation may be resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI). This study aims to evaluate a plasma-based KRAS mutation analysis and the clinical significance of plasma KRAS mutation as a predictive marker for tumor resistance to EGFR-TKIs in patients with NSCLC.DNA extracted from plasma and matched tumor tissues were obtained from 273 patients with advanced stage NSCLC. Patients were followed up prospectively for treatment outcomes. KRAS mutations in codon 12 and 13 were detected using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Mutations in plasma and matched tumors were compared. Associations between KRAS mutation status and patients' clinical outcomes were analyzed.KRAS mutation was found in 35 (12.8%) plasma samples and 30 (11.0%) matched tumor tissues. The consistency of KRAS mutations between plasma and tumors is 76.7% (23 of 30; kappa = 0.668; P < 0.001). Among 120 patients who received EGFR-TKI treatment, the response rate was only 5.3% (1 of 19) for patients with plasma KRAS mutation compared with 29.7% for patients with no KRAS mutation in plasma DNA (P = 0.024). The median progression-free survival time of patients with plasma KRAS mutation was 2.5 months compared with 8.8 months for patients with wild-type KRAS (P < 0.001).KRAS mutation in plasma DNA correlates with the mutation status in the matched tumor tissues of patients with NSCLC. Plasma KRAS mutation status is associated with a poor tumor response to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC patients and may be used as a predictive marker in selecting patients for such treatment.
Hepatitis A outbreak in Italy, 2013: a matched case–control study
Authors: C Montaño-Remacha, L Ricotta, V Alfonsi, A Bella, M E Tosti, A R Ciccaglione, R Bruni, S Taffon, M Equestre, M N Losio, V Carraro, S Franchini, B Natter, M Augschiller, A Foppa, C Gualanduzzi, E Massimiliani, A C Finarelli, B M Borrini, T Gallo, V Cozza, M Chironna, R Prato, C Rizzo, Collective Central Task Force on Hepatitis
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Changes in pulmonary vein flow pattern during volume loading
Authors: O. A Smiseth, K. Lodemel, F. Riddervold, M. Blaha
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The aim was to investigate the effect of increased left ventricular filling pressure on the pulmonary vein flow (PVQ) pattern.Pulmonary vein flow was recorded using an ultrasonic transit time flow meter in six anaesthetised dogs. Mean left atrial pressure was increased by stepwise volume loading from 7.8(SEM 1.3) to 18.9(1.9) mm Hg (p < 0.01).With loading the PVQ signal developed several characteristic positive and negative waves which corresponded to directionally opposite pressure waves in the left atrium. There was a marked increase in the amplitude of the PVQ signal: peak flow increased from 165(50) to 310(38) ml.min-1 (p < 0.01), while minimum flow decreased from 49(37) to -61(23) ml.min-1 (p < 0.01). The minimum value of PVQ occurred during early ventricular systole, corresponding to the left atrial C wave. With progressive loading there was an increasing deceleration of flow during atrial contraction. To quantify the effect of atrial contraction and the C wave on the flow pattern a ratio was calculated between the integrated flow from the start of atrial contraction to the nadir of the x descent and the integrated flow during the rest of the cardiac cycle. This ratio decreased from 0.40(0.06) to 0.11(0.07) with loading (p < 0.01). In each experiment this flow ratio varied inversely with mean left atrial pressure (regression coefficients between 0.66 and 0.97).Volume loading caused marked changes in the pulmonary vein flow pattern. The PVQ waves reflected the pressure waves in the left atrium. The relative flow during atrial contraction varied inversely with mean left atrial pressure. Further studies should be done to determine whether this index reflects left ventricular filling pressure under different conditions.
UNDERSTANDING AND TACKLING THE TUMOR-IMMUNE CELL DIALOGUE DURING PROGRESSION AND THERAPEUTIC RESISTANCE
Authors: G. Bergers, K. Lu, L. Rivera
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Cancers are heterogeneous entities in which tumor cell populations as well as distinct host cell constituents form a dynamic and interactive tumor community that is pivotal not only for the genesis and progression of a tumor but also for the tumor's ability to resist therapeutic elimination. METHODS: We have been using a combination of genetic screening and coculture systems, as well as genetic and pharmacological approaches to functional elicit paracrine factors from tumor and immune cell compartments that convey GBM progression and resistance. RESULTS: We found that GBM tumor cells dependent on their subtype send out specific signals to immune cells that in turn respond by secreting prosurvival and proinvasive factors. Disrupting the communication between innate immune cells and tumor cells in mesenchymal GBM by targeting PI3Kgamma in immune cells blocked the communication to tumor cells, promoted polarization and antitumor activity and inhibited tumor invasion and growth and sensitized therapeutic approaches. CONCLUSIONS: Leveraging from these results, it is our intention to identify appropriate combinatorial treatment modalities that interfere with these compensatory feedback loops and help to develop an adequate polytherapy that is tailored to more successfully impede therapeutic resistance and prolong survival in the distinct GBM subtypes. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Preclinical Experimental Therapeutics.
SECONDARY ABDOMINAL OPERATIONS.
Authors: LEWIS S. McMURTRY
Journal: JAMA (1904)

More than a decade has elapsed since the late Mr. Greig Smith of Bristol fixed the surgeon's standard of attainments for abdominal and pelvic operations in these words: "To be prepared, at the appearance of any complication, to apply the best-known surgical technics; to do what is wanted, and no more than is wanted; to have the manner and method of each procedure mentally laid down in clear and definite lines; and generally to perform the operation in a steady, straightforward, workmanlike manner through the endless complications that may arise, is no trifling call on the capacities of a human being. Much of it may be learned by intelligent practice at the expense of the patients; much may be learned by careful study and practice on the dead body; but most of all will the young surgeon derive information from a close and