tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Clinical and Serologic Study of the Latex Fixation Test in Leprosy.
Authors: E. S. Cathcart
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961A Clinical and Serologic Study of the Latex Fixation Test in Leprosy.E. S. Cathcart, M.D., R. C. Williams Jr., M.D., H. Ross, B.S., E. Calkins, M.D.E. S. Cathcart, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. C. Williams Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. Ross, B.S.Search for more papers by this author, E. Calkins, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1053_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWhile studying the latex fixation test in patients with nonrheumatic diseases, positive reactions were noted in a large proportion of leprosy sera. A study was therefore designed to determine the clinical and serologic significance of this observation. One hundred and one patients with leprosy, chosen at random, in the USPHS Hospital, Carville, were interviewed and examined personally by us. Data were obtained about each patient concerning his past and present medical history, physical examination, laboratory findings, joint x-rays, and special serologic tests.Many of the patients were found to have chronic diseases other than leprosy, especially syphilis, diabetes, tuberculosis, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHumoral immunity in Hansen's Disease 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1053-1054KeywordsLatexLeprosyPatientsResearch laboratoriesSyphilis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Efficacy of potassium and magnesium in essential hypertension: a double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover study.
Authors: P S Patki, J Singh, S V Gokhale, P M Bulakh, D S Shrotri, B Patwardhan
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To evaluate the antihypertensive activity of potassium given alone or in combination with magnesium in patients with mild hypertension.A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover trial of 32 weeks' duration.Cardiology outpatient department, Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India.37 Adults with mild hypertension (diastolic blood pressure less than 110 mm Hg).Patients received either placebo or potassium 60 mmol/day alone or in combination with magnesium 20 mmol/day in a crossover design. No other drug treatment was allowed.Blood pressure and heart rate assessed at weekly intervals and biochemical parameters at monthly intervals.Potassium alone or in combination with magnesium produced a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p less than 0.001) and a significant reduction in serum cholesterol concentration (p less than 0.05); other biochemical variables did not change. Magnesium did not have an additional effect. Urinary potassium excretion increased significantly in the groups who received potassium alone or in combination with magnesium. The drug was well tolerated and compliance was satisfactory.Potassium 60 mmol/day lowers arterial blood pressure in patients with mild hypertension. Giving magnesium as well has no added advantage.
Change in Self-Definition from Specialist to Generalist in a National Sample of Physicians
Authors: Nicholas A. Christakis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: Current proposals to reform the health care system call for a physician work force composed of at least 50% generalists. Achieving this objective will likely require that some physicians who are currently specialists become generalists. We sought to determine the extent of such change before any concerted reform efforts and the types of physicians most amenable to such change. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Participants: 335 438 physicians in active practice. Measurements: Rates of change between 1982 and 1986 in self-defined specialties, analyzed with demographic methods and logistic regression. Results: In 1982, our participants comprised 134 647 (40.1%) generalists and 200 791 (59.9%) specialists. Over the 4-year period of the study, 8319 (6.2%) of the generalists became specialists and 4322 (2.2%) of the specialists became generalists. Although physicians younger than 40 years of age were more likely than those older than 40 years of age to switch into generalist disciplines, specialist physicians between the ages of 40 and 69 years (who accounted for 62.0% of the physician work force) made most of the moves into generalist fields (58.4%). After adjustment for other factors, the physicians most likely to switch into generalist disciplines were women, subspecialty internists, emergency medicine physicians, subspecialty pediatricians, and pathologists. In 1986, the 130 650 physicians (38.9%) in this cohort who considered themselves generalists were supplemented by another 49 226 (14.7%) who considered themselves to have a secondary interest in generalist practice. Physicians with such a secondary interest in 1982 constituted 65% of the new generalists in 1986. Conclusions: Our findings support three principal conclusions. First, change from specialist to generalist disciplines is not uncommon, even for physicians older than 40 years of age. Second, many physicians already consider a generalist discipline to be a secondary emphasis of their practices. And third, efforts to retrain specialists to be generalists might effectively target those physicians predisposed to become generalists.
Different Mechanisms of Increased Luminal Stenosis After Arterial Injury in Mice Deficient for Urokinase- or Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Katrin Schäfer, Stavros Konstantinides, Carsten Riedel, Therese Thinnes, Katja Müller, Claudia Dellas, Gerd Hasenfuss, David J. Loskutoff
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) are thought to play critical roles in vascular remodeling after injury, with tPA mediating intravascular clot lysis and uPA modulating cell migration within the vessel wall. In human vascular disease, however, thrombus organization and neointimal formation are closely interrelated processes. This study examines the differential roles of tPA and uPA in these processes in mice.Carotid artery injury and thrombosis were induced in wild-type (WT), uPA-deficient (uPA(-/-)), and tPA-deficient (tPA(-/-)) mice with the use of ferric chloride. The expression of uPA and tPA was significantly upregulated in the vessel wall of WT mice 1 week after injury, and compared with WT mice, uPA(-/-) and tPA(-/-) mice had lower carotid patency rates after injury. At 3 weeks, only 55% of uPA(-/-) mouse vessels were patent compared with 81% in tPA(-/-) mice and 100% in WT mice (P=0.014). Morphometric analysis of injured arterial segments revealed severe luminal stenosis (62+/-28%) in uPA(-/-) mice compared with their tPA(-/-) (16+/-12%) and WT (6.3+/-3.6%, P<0.001) counterparts. Moreover, although the vascular walls of WT mice and, particularly, tPA(-/-) mice developed a cell-rich multilayered neointima and media, the lumen of uPA(-/-) vessels remained obstructed with acellular unorganized thrombotic material, and their medial areas did not expand.These results indicate that the roles of uPA and tPA in the arterial response to injury are different and more complex than previously assumed and emphasize the critical role of thrombus organization and resolution in neointimal formation and vascular pathology.
Increased T-regulatory cells in lungs and draining lymph nodes in a murine model of COPD
Authors: T. Demoor, K. R. Bracke, G. F. Joos, G. G. Brusselle
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

To the Editors: 

The characterisation of regulatory T (Treg) cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become of particular interest considering the recent reports on adaptive immune responses in COPD. More specifically, peribronchial and parenchymal lymphoid follicles ( i.e. tertiary lymphoid organs) correlate in number with disease severity in COPD patients 1 and murine models of COPD 2, but their developing mechanisms and function have yet to be revealed 3.

In COPD patients, pulmonary lymphoid follicles mainly appear as a B-cell core surrounded by a predominant cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-cell population 3. Treg cells situated within these structures are ideally located to exert cell contact-dependent immunosuppression. The observation on increased Treg cells in lymphoid follicles of moderate COPD patients by Plumb et al. 4, is therefore particularly intriguing.

The different reports on Treg cells in COPD vary greatly, depending on the pulmonary anatomical compartment of interest and the phenotype used to define …
A model of retinal cell differentiation in the chick embryo
Authors: Ruben Adler
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2000)

This article presents an overview of retinal cell differentiation in the chick embryo, in the context of a hypothetical model based on information generated during the last several years. The model proposes that: (1) most (if not all) proliferating neuroepithelial cells have the potential to give rise to a progeny comprising two or more different cell types; (2) the time at which cells undergo their terminal mitosis does not determine their differentiated fate; (3) many postmitotic precursor cells remain plastic (i.e., uncommitted) for some time after terminal mitosis, during which they encounter position-dependent signals as they migrate toward their definitive laminar position within the retina; (4) as a consequence of these inductive stimuli, precursor cells that migrate to different retinal layers express different transcriptional regulators; (5) morphologically undifferentiated precursor cells are committed to cell type-specific, complex patterns of differentiation, which they can express even when isolated from their normal microenvironment, and (6) even after precursor cells become committed to a specific identity, additional inductive signals are necessary for the cells to complete the development of a fully mature phenotype. The article presents a summary of the supportive evidence, as well as a critical evaluation of the model, and concludes with an overview of unanswered questions regarding retinal cell differentiation and a brief evaluation of the prospects for further progress in this field.
Cystic lesions of the lung: a forgotten menace
Authors: C. S. H. Ng, S. Wan, T. W. Lee, A. P. C. Yim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2005)

To the Editors: 

We read with interest the article by Battistini et al. 1 concerning a young female with spontaneous pneumothorax as the presenting feature of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyoma, which appeared in a previous issue of the European Respiratory Journal . The differential diagnoses, which included lymphangioleiomyoma, tuberous sclerosis and Langerhans cell histiocytosis or eosinophilic granuloma, were based on bilateral cystic pulmonary lesions on high-resolution computed tomography, which were slow …
Cancer of the urogenital tract: bladder cancer. Introduction: problems in definition, classification and etiology
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Penicillin and Sulphamerazine in Treatment of Typhoid Carriers
Authors: A. D. M. Douglas, D. C. Hubbard
Journal: BMJ (1951)

From the results of treating 44 haemangiomatous naevi with thorium X it is concluded that: (1) Some patients derive useful benefit, but complete cure is not common.(2) The complete and spontaneous resolution of slightly raised "port-wine" stains may erroneously be attributed to thorium X. (3) Contrary to previous belief, the age at which treatment is begun does not affect the outcome.(4) There is seldom any point in continuing treatment when improvement is not evident after 12 applications, and it is rarely necessary or desirable to use more than 30 applications in any one area. (5)Atrophy or pigmenta- tion does not occur if moderate numbers of treatments are used.My thanks are due to Dr. G. B. Dowling for help in the preparation of this paper, and to Miss Pickering and the nursing staff at St. Thomas's Hospital for their
The Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: D. W. Huish
Journal: Thorax (1956)

Pulmonary tuberculosis as seen in childhood and adolescence presents many interesting prob- lems to the physician and to the pathologist.An extensive literature has grown around the subject expressing conflicting views upon the pathogenesis, natural history, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease.The discussion has been confused by differences in terminology and by the different sources of the authors' material.Treatment of the disease has aroused no less controversy than its other aspects, but, in contrast to the numerous reports on the efficacy or otherwise of medical measures, surgical treatment has received little attention in the literature.Collapse therapy in the form of artificial pneumothorax or pneumo- peritoneum has long been employed in children, but I have been able to trace only 11 papers describing series of planned major surgical inter- ventions for pulmonary tuberculosis in children and adolescents, namely, those of Levitin and
IgE‐, IgA‐ and IgG‐antibody responses to carbohydrate and protein antigens of Candida albicans in asthmatic children
Authors: J. Savolainen, M. Viander, A. Koivikko
Journal: Allergy (1990)

Analysis of IgE, IgA and IgG antibodies directed against Candida albicans antigens in 28 asthmatic children was performed with immunoblotting after SDS‐PAGE. Analysis with the purified eytoplasmic protein fraction revealed a major protein allergen with an MW of 46 kD. In addition to the major allergen, 15 other antigenic bands with molecular weights between 16 and 135 kD bound IgE. Ten of 13 anti‐C. albicans IgE‐positive children had IgE towards the 46 kD major allergen. None of the subjects in the study group or in the non‐atopic controls had IgA or IgG antibodies towards this protein. Analysis of the crude surface extract showed that mannan, a carbohydrate, was an intermediate allergen contrary to being the major antigen in IgA and IgG antibody responses.
B27 positive diseases versus B27 negative diseases.
Authors: A Linssen, T E Feltkamp
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1988)

Of all the known associations between HLA and diseases, the association of B27 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is the strongest.The B27 antigen is present in over 90% of patients with AS as com- pared with the B27 prevalence of 8% in Caucasians in general.A strong but slightly minor association has also been found between B27 and Reiter's syndrome (RS), reactive arthritis (ReA), and acute anterior uveitis (AAU).These diseases are so strongly interrelated, especially in the presence of B27, that one may speak of 'B27 associated diseases'.I Many authors regard psoriatic arthritis, also, as a disease associated with B27.2-4For reasons which will be discussed below, however, we consider B27 to be associated mainly with the spondylitic part of psoriatic arthritis and not with psoriatic arthritis in general, as others have suggested.`8The aetiology of these diseases remains elusive.Interaction of environmental and genetic factors has been postulated; nevertheless, a decade after the landmark results on HLA-B27 and its associated diseases6 9 the nature of the mechanisms underlying these associations is still subject to much specula- tion.The association of B27 with its associated diseases is far from complete.This could be explained if, besides B27, other genes near the B locus on chromosome 6, or on other chromosomes, were involved in the pathogenesis.1012 From epidemio- logical and family studies other genetic factors have also emanated to explain the observed incomplete association.'3 14 None of the studies of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of AS, however, clearly
Life after Parkinson's
Authors: D. Jones
Journal: BMJ (2002)

I remember 24 July 1982. The doctor had completed my annual medical and I was waiting for the verbal abuse that only doctors are permitted to deliver, such as “You should lose some weight” or “Ever thought of giving up smoking?”

Surprisingly he asked me in a kind and concerned voice if I had any other problems. I mentioned that I had some stiffness in my right hand that was making my writing a bit squiggly, which was a little irritating. I joked that it was interfering with my ability to grip a golf club.

I had first noticed it in the pub on Christmas Eve. Someone offered me a crisp and I had difficulty picking it up—my fingers just did not move. Over the months, it had got worse but I was working hard sorting out the problems at Grattan, the “ailing” mail order company that I had joined earlier as chief executive.

The doctor took off my glasses and …
Maximum expiratory flow rates in induced bronchoconstriction in man
Authors: A. Bouhuys, V. R. Hunt, B. M. Kim, A. Zapletal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

We evaluated changes of maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves and of partial expiratory flow-volume (PEFV) curves caused by bronchoconstrictor drugs and dust, and compared these to the reverse changes induced by a bronchodilator drug in previously bronchoconstricted subjects. Measurements of maximum flow at constant lung inflation (i.e. liters thoracic gas volume) showed larger changes, both after constriction and after dilation, than measurements of peak expiratory flow rate, 1 sec forced expiratory volume and the slope of the effort-independent portion of MEFV curves. Changes of flow rates on PEFV curves (made after inspiration to mid-vital capacity) were usually larger than those of flow rates on MEFV curves (made after inspiration to total lung capacity). The decreased maximum flow rates after constrictor agents are not caused by changes in lung static recoil force and are attributed to narrowing of small airways, i.e., airways which are uncompressed during forced expirations. Changes of maximum expiratory flow rates at constant lung inflation (e.g. 60% of the control total lung capacity) provide an objective and sensitive measurement of changes in airway caliber which remains valid if total lung capacity is altered during treatment.
Chronic Meprobamate Intoxication
Authors: A. Myron Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THERE have been many reports of acute meprobamate toxicity1 and adverse reactions to the drug,2 including several deaths, usually suicide.3 However, chronic intoxication has not been reported in children, who seem to be remarkably tolerant to this agent. Large doses have been given to children only over short periods, since marked ataxia usually results.4 Case ReportG.K., an 11-year-old boy, was admitted to the Children's Hospital Medical Center for the 1st time for evaluation of abdominal pain and neurologic changes. A stiff right knee and shoulder had developed 2 1/2 months previously, with a negative orthopedic examination at that time. . . .
Generation of cytotoxicity against hepatitis delta virus genotypes and quasispecies by epitope modification
Authors: Yi-Hsiang Huang, Jaw-Ching Wu, Wei-Li Peng, Teh-Ia Huo, Hsuan-Hui Shih, Keng-Hsin Lan, Chien-Wei Su, Shou-Dong Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The Wide Phenotypic and Karyotypic Spectrum of Gonadal Dysgenesis.
Authors: James R. Givens
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971The Wide Phenotypic and Karyotypic Spectrum of Gonadal Dysgenesis.Authors: James R. Givens, M.D. (Member), Winfred L. Wiser, M.D., Robert L. Summitt, M.D., and Stewart A. Fish, M.D.Author, Article, & Disclosure InformationPublication: Annals of Internal MedicineVolume 74, Number 5https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-825_3 Get AccessSubmit a CommentContributors must reveal any conflict of interest. Comments are moderated. Please see our information for authorsregarding comments on an Annals publication.Name (if multiple authors, separate names by comma)Name field is requiredComment TitleTitle field is requiredAffiliation & Institution (max characters: 200)Affiliations field is requiredCommentComment field is requiredPlease disclose any conflicts of interest or leave the box unchecked if you have noneDisclosure of Any Conflicts of InterestCancelSubmit
Book Review Primary Care of Women Edited by Dawn P. Lemcke, Julie Pattison, Lorna A. Marshall, and Deborah S. Cowley. 583 pp. Norwalk, Conn., Appleton &amp; Lange, 1995. $34.95. 0-8385-9813-7 Women's Primary Health Care: Office practice and procedures Edited by Vicki L. Selzter and Warren H. Pearse. 825 pp., illustrated. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1995. $65. 0-07056225-3
Authors: Soheyla D. Gharib
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
The Gene Encoding SET and MYND domain containing 3 (SMYD3) is Associated with Asthma in Populations of African Descent
Authors: C.I. Vergara, R.A. Mathias, N. Rafaels, T. Hand, M. Campbell, M. Faruque, G. Dunston, T. Beaty, R. Oliveira, E. Ponte, E. Carvalho, M.I. Araujo, H. Watson, L. Caraballo, J. Knight-Madden, K. Barnes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Maturation of Small Pulmonary Arteries in Puppies
Authors: CLAY E. PHILLIPS, JAMES A. DEWEESE, JAMES A. MANNING, EARLE B. MAHONEY
Journal: Circulation Research (1960)

The histologic pulmonary vascular changes and the pulmonary arterial pressure changes which occur during the first 13 weeks of life have been studied in mongrel puppies. The histologic changes were based on measurements of the average lumen to wall ratios of arterial vessels 50 to 200 µ in diameter. The pulmonary arterial pressure changes were recorded by direct needle puncture of the main pulmonary artery in anesthetized thoracotomized animals. The average L/W ratios of all neonatal mongrel puppies from separate litters were less than 4.0, the boundary chosen to distinguish neonatal and adult pulmonary arterial vasculature. All puppies younger than 1 month had average L/W ratios below 4.0. Although average mean pulmonary arterial pressures were found to be near adult levels by age 1 week, the ratio of pulmonary to systemic arterial pressure, expressed as a percentage, did not consistently approach adult levels until 1 month of age. The dimensional evolution of small pulmonary arteries and the gradual decline in the ratio of pulmonary to systemic pressure toward near adult levels at 4 weeks suggested a cause-and-effect relationship between these 2 phenomena. Major operative procedures have been performed on puppies 3 to 5 weeks of age with survival. It is proposed that experimental pulmonary hypertension produced in 4-week-old mongrel puppies would closely approximate the situation of a high pressure congenital cardiac shunt in humans without excessive operative mortality.