tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early response of α2(I) collagen to acetaldehyde in human hepatic stellate cells is TGF-β independent
Authors: Gianluca Svegliati‐Baroni, Yutaka Inagaki, Ana‐Rosa Rincon‐Sanchez, Cindy Else, Stefania Saccomanno, Antonio Benedetti, Francesco Ramirez, Marcos Rojkind
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Acetaldehyde is fibrogenic and induces the expression of type I collagen genes in hepatic stellate cells. Some of these acetaldehyde-dependent events are mediated by H2O2 and thus establish a direct connection between oxidative stress and collagen upregulation. We localized to the −378 to −183 region of the α2(I) collagen (COL1A2) promoter an acetaldehyde-responsive element (AcRE) functional in human hepatic stellate cells (HHSCs) and investigated molecular mechanisms whereby acetaldehyde stimulates and modulates its transcriptional activity. Because the AcRE co-localized with a previously described transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)1–responsive element, and both acetaldehyde and this cytokine induce their effects through H2O2, we investigated whether all fibrogenic actions of acetaldehyde were mediated by this cytokine. Here we show that acetaldehyde-induced COL1A2 upregulation in HHSCs recognizes two distinct but overlapping early and late stages that last from 1 to 6 hours and from 6 to 24 hours, respectively. We present several lines of evidence to show that early acetaldehyde-mediated events are independent of TGF-β1. These include significant time-course differences in the expression of COL1A2 and TGF-β1 mRNAs and inability of neutralizing antibodies to TGF-β1 to inhibit acetaldehyde-dependent collagen gene transcription and Smad 3 phosphorylation. We also show that although acetaldehyde-dependent upregulation of collagen was PI3K dependent, that of TGF-β1 was PI3K independent. In conclusion, acetaldehyde-dependent mechanisms involved in COL1A2 upregulation are similar, but not identical, to those of TGF-β1. We suggest that early acetaldehyde-dependent events induce the late expression of TGF-β1 and create an H2O2-dependent autocrine loop that may sustain and amplify the fibrogenic response of this alcohol metabolite. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;42:343–352.)
Artificial cardiac pacemakers.
Authors: D. Verel
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Tricyclic Antidepressants SIR,-I am worried by one sentence in the article on tricyclic antidepressants (13 April, p. 102): "Jaundice, which is very un- common, is of the cholestatic type similar to that found in chlorpromazine."This is mis- leading.Jaundice is one of the more frequent side- effects reported from imipramine and imitrip- tyline, the most widely used members of the group.Its incidence is probably related to the amount of drug prescribed, and is only likely to be "very uncommon" with the newer compounds.I doubt, too, if the jaundice is always of the chlorpromazine type; this implies a cholestatic reaction which is usually benign.Some patients almost cer- tainly have a far more serious hepatic reac- tion, and death can result from liver-cell failure.-I am, etc.,
Recurrent genetic defects on chromosome 7q in myeloid neoplasms
Authors: N Hosono, H Makishima, A Jerez, K Yoshida, B Przychodzen, S McMahon, Y Shiraishi, K Chiba, H Tanaka, S Miyano, M Sanada, I Gómez-Seguí, A K Verma, M A McDevitt, M A Sekeres, S Ogawa, J P Maciejewski
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Consultants at the Periphery
Authors: C. E. Astley, R. Brown, D. M. Caird, J. Cook, R. Cowley, G. L. Davies, J. L. Edmondson, B. H. Ellis, S. J. Halkett, M. Horowitz, D. R. L. Newton, J. Oldfield, J. Potter, D. M. Prinsley, H. Richardson, J. M. Robertson, H. G. Saunders, L. M. Shorvon, G. B. Summersgill, A. B. Tompkins, B. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1966)
TNF and MyD88 are Critical to the Clearance of Nontypeable Nontypable Haemophilus Influenzae (NTHi)-Induced Otitis Media via Inflammatory Cell Recruitment and Phagocytosis
Authors: A LEICHTLE, S WASSERMAN, M HERNANDEZ, K PAK, A RYAN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Altered Brain Activation During Action Imitation and Observation in Schizophrenia: A Translational Approach to Investigating Social Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
Authors: Katharine N. Thakkar, Joel S. Peterman, Sohee Park
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2014)

Errors in how individuals with schizophrenia perceive the motion of others and transform that visual information into action could be attributed to misalignment in the mirror neuron system, leading to social impairment and flawed mimicking.
Theophylline alters distribution of blood flow to respiratory muscles.
Authors: E Derom, S Janssens, J Vanhaecke, V de Bock, Y Chen, M Decramer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

This study was designed to examine the effects of theophylline on respiratory muscle blood flow in 11 lightly anesthetized and spontaneously breathing dogs using the radioactive microsphere tracer technique. During quiet breathing, blood flow to the costal diaphragm (25.1 +/- 13.9 ml/100 g/min) exceeded blood flow to the parasternal intercostals (18.0 +/- 10.2 ml/100 g/min, p < 0.05). Inspiratory resistive loading abolished these differences by increasing blood flow to the parasternal intercostals more than to the diaphragm. Aminophylline (40 mg/kg) significantly increased minute ventilation and tidal transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) swing during quiet breathing but not during inspiratory resistive loading. Theophylline did not affect diaphragmatic blood flow during inspiratory resistive loading while the same Pdi swing and tension-time index (TTdi) were reached. During quiet breathing, however, theophylline significantly (p < 0.05) increased blood flow to the triangularis sterni from 7.9 +/- 5.6 to 18.1 +/- 25.6 ml/100 g/min and to the transversus abdominis from 10.8 +/- 8.4 to 14.6 +/- 10.5 ml/100 g/min and tended to increase blood flow to the costal diaphragm and the parasternals. We conclude that (1) during quiet breathing, but not during inspiratory resistive loading, blood flow to the costal diaphragm exceeded flow to the parasternal intercostals; (2) during quiet breathing, theophylline increased blood flow to the expiratory muscles as it promoted recruitment of expiratory muscles; and (3) theophylline did not affect diaphragmatic blood flow for a given TTdi.
New Cardiovascular Training Track: Reinventing the Wheel?
Authors: Michael M. Shefferman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 July 1998New Cardiovascular Training Track: Reinventing the Wheel?Michael M. Shefferman, MDMichael M. Shefferman, MDWashington, DC 20016Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-1-199807010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:What's old is new, what's new is old-or something like that! I read with gratification, and some amusement, that Fuster and Nash [1] have designated my training program in internal medicine and cardiology of 30-plus years ago as “a new generalist/cardiovascular specialist training track” and a wave of the future.My training (and that of many others like me) in the 1960s included 1 year of a “straight medicine” internship (roughly equivalent to today's PGY-1 training) and then 2 years of internal medicine residency, the second year of which was taken up by at least 4 months ...References1. Fuster V, Nash IS. The generalist/cardiovascular specialist: a proposal for a new training track. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:630-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael M. Shefferman, MDAffiliations: Washington, DC 20016 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1998Volume 129, Issue 1Page: 73KeywordsCatheterizationFellowshipsForecastingMedical educationPediatricsResearch laboratoriesResidency ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 July 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with renal allografts.
Authors: M. I. Alloub, B. B. Barr, K. M. McLaren, I. W. Smith, M. H. Bunney, G. E. Smart
Journal: BMJ (1989)

An increased prevalence of cervical cancer has been observed in immunosuppressed women, but controlled studies are rare. Biopsy specimens from 49 women with renal allografts and 69 non-immunosuppressed controls (with no history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, vulval warts, or abnormal results of cervical smear tests) were assessed for colposcopic appearance, cytological and histological diagnosis, and the presence of human papillomavirus types 6/11 and 16/18 DNA sequences. At colposcopy 26 (53%) of the women with allografts had cervical abnormalities compared with 20 (29%) of the controls. The prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was significantly higher in the women with allografts (24 (49%) compared with 7 (10%]. The overall rate of detection of human papillomavirus DNA did not differ significantly between the two groups. There was however, a significant difference in the rate of detection of human papillomavirus type 16/18 DNA (27% in the women with allografts and 6% in the controls). These data confirm that pathological and virological changes affecting the cervix are significantly increased in immunosuppressed women and emphasise the need for regular colposcopic examination.
The selective Aurora B kinase inhibitor AZD1152 as a novel treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Arihiro Aihara, Shinji Tanaka, Mahmut Yasen, Satoshi Matsumura, Yusuke Mitsunori, Ayano Murakata, Norio Noguchi, Atsushi Kudo, Noriaki Nakamura, Koji Ito, Shigeki Arii
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Radium Therapy in Uterine Hemorrhages of Benign Origin
Authors: LOUIS E. PHANEUF
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1934)

Abstract   One hundred and five women were treated with radium for uterine hemorrhages of benign origin. There was no mortality following this form of treatment in this series. Fifteen women having small fibromyomas, smaller than a two months' pregnancy, were treated. In 14 of them the tumors disappeared and permanent amenorrhea was established; in the fifteenth, although menstruation had completely stopped, a hysterectomy was performed at a later date for pelvic pain. In 7 cases of uterine hemorrhages of adolescence and of young women, where the smallest dose was 400 mg. hours and the largest dose 600 mg. hours, 4 were benefited with one dose, one was improved after a second dose, one needs another small dose, and the last had a hysterectomy performed by another surgeon when menorrhagia returned after a 600 mg. hour dose. In the group of uterine hemorrhages of middle life comprising 72 patients, one woman who had a dose of 500 mg. hours was improved and her menstruation continued. In 72 who had sterilizing doses 70 had permanent amenorrhea and were considered cured. In one of them hysterectomy was resorted to sometime after a 1725 mg. hour dose, for the return of the hemorrhages. Her physical condition had so improved during the period of amenorrhea produced by the radium, that the reaction from operation was slight and she made an uneventful recovery. I am sure the result would have been different had hysterectomy been attempted at the time she was subjected to radiation. In addition to the radiation there were 11 distinct types of operation performed on 44 women in this group. The 11 women having hemorrhages after the menopause saw cessation of the bleeding and were permanently improved. No pregnancies occurred in any of the women after radiation.
Cold urticaria: inhibition of cold-induced histamine release from skin by the cromonelike drug doxantrazole
Authors: C.B. Bentley, M.W. Greaves
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Cold urticaria: inhibition of cold‐induced histamine release from skin by the cromonelike drug doxantrazole Get access C.B. Bentley, C.B. Bentley St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.W. Greaves M.W. Greaves St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Page 17, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14300.x Published: 01 December 1977
Down-regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Is a Major Molecular Determinant of Proteasome Inhibitor–Mediated Antiangiogenic Action in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Markus Meissner, Gabi Reichenbach, Monika Stein, Igor Hrgovic, Roland Kaufmann, Jens Gille
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The ubiquitin-proteasome system is the major pathway for intracellular protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. This system controls a wide range of cellular regulatory proteins, including transcription factors and cell cycle regulatory proteins. Recent evidence also established the importance of the proteasome in tumor development, showing antitumor and antiangiogenic actions by using selective inhibitors in vivo. As signaling via the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) pathway is critical for angiogenic responses to occur, we explored whether antiangiogenic effects due to proteasome inhibition were partly mediated through decreased endothelial VEGFR2 expression. This study shows that different proteasome inhibitors blocked VEGFR2 expression in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. This blockade was paralleled by the respective inhibition of the formation of capillary-like structures and endothelial cell migration. In contrast, neither tie-2 nor VEGFR1 expression was significantly affected by proteasome inhibitor treatment. The suppressive effects on VEGFR2 expression were not conveyed by increased shedding or a decrease in protein half-life, suggesting that transcriptional mechanisms accounted for the observed effects. In line with this conclusion, proteasome inhibition significantly suppressed VEGFR2 mRNA accumulation. In addition, inhibitor treatment considerably decreased the transcriptional activity of 5' deletional VEGFR2 promoter gene constructs. Proteasome inhibition-mediated repression was controlled by a GC-rich region that harbored one consensus Sp1-binding site. Subsequent EMSA analyses showed decreased constitutive Sp1-dependent DNA binding in response to proteasome inhibition. In addition, we could show that proteasome inhibitors reduced VEGFR2 mRNA stability. Therefore, VEGFR2 expression may constitute a critical molecular target of proteasome inhibitors that may mediate their antiangiogenic effects in vivo.
Lack of effect of methylprednisolone on lysosomal and microsomal enzymes after two hours of well-defined canine myocardial ischemia.
Authors: F F Kennett, W B Weglicki
Journal: Circulation Research (1978)

Myocardial ischemia was produced for 2 hours by coronary ligation in 11 dogs pretreated with methylprednisolone (MP, 30 mg/kg). Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured with microspheres (15 micrometer) in each tissue sample used for enzymatic analysis. Homogenates of these tissue samples were separated by ultracentrifugation into lysosome-rich and microsomal fractions and were analyzed for N-acetyl-beta-glusosaminidase (NAGA), beta-glucuronidase (beta-gluc), rotenone-insensitive-NADH-cytochrome c reductase (RINCR), and cytochrome oxidase. The enzymatic data from centrifugal fractions were grouped according to MBF values for statistical analysis of inter-group effects of ischemia. Significant losses (P less than 0.001) of NAGA and beta-gluc were seen in all MP-treated lysosome-rich particulate fractions that were isolated from zones demonstrating MBF values less than 25% of control (L-ischemia). Similar significant losses (P less than 0.001) of RINCR were seen in microsomal fractions from L-ischemia zones. Samples with MBF values greater than 25% but less than 75% of control (M-ischemia) also demonstrated significant decreases of lysosomal and microsomal enzymatic activity in specific fractions. When the data of the above MP-treated group were compared with the untreated control group, no significant intergroup effects of treatment with MP were observed. In addition, enzymatic data (NAGA, RINCR) were normalized prior to performing linear regression analyses; percent loss of particulate enzymatic activity was plotted against percent decrease in MBF. The effects of 2 hours of ischemia on the above biochemical parameters were comparable between untreated and MP-treated groups. Finally, when myocardial samples were grouped according to similar levels of MBF, statistical analysis using the general linear models procedure revealed no beneficial effect of MP treatment on changes in lysosomal hydrolases, microsomal RINCR, or latency of lysosomes.
Trends in tobacco consumption and incidences of associated neoplasms in Papua New Guinea.
Authors: E M Scrimgeour, D Jolley
Journal: BMJ (1983)

From 1960 to 1979 total annual consumption of tobacco in Papua New Guinea increased from 573 to 1800 metric tonnes. The annual consumption of tobacco per head increased from 2.78 to 6.14 kg, and the proportion of commercial cigarettes smoked is estimated to have increased from 20% to 71% of the total tobacco consumption. Between 1965 and 1979 the average annual age standardised incidence of reported cases of carcinoma of the oral cavity increased significantly in women (p less than 0.01) but not in men (p greater than 0.05). This rise might have been related to increasing consumption of tobacco or alcohol, or both, in individuals who habitually chewed betel nut. There was no significant change in the reported incidences of carcinoma of the larynx, lung, oesophagus, pancreas, kidney, or bladder. At present there are no constraints on the marketing of tobacco in Papua New Guinea.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation During Heparin Therapy
Authors: Harvey G. Klein, William R. Bell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Two patients receiving intravenous heparin for pulmonary emboli developed disseminated intravascular coagulation during therapy. Both patients were receiving adequate anticoagulation before the onset of this syndrome. Mechanisms that might cause or prolong disseminated intravascular coagulation during heparin therapy are proposed.
Targeting Taspase1 for Cancer Therapy—Letter
Authors: Roland H. Stauber, Carolin Bier, Shirley K. Knauer
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

We read with interest the article by Chen and colleagues ([1][1]), identifying a potential Taspase1 inhibitor by using a cellular translocation assay similar to the one described by Bier and colleagues ([2][2]). These results impressively underline the power of cell-based screening, as previous
Cardioreparative effects of lisinopril in rats with genetic hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: C G Brilla, J S Janicki, K T Weber
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND In genetic and acquired hypertension, a structural remodeling of the nonmyocyte compartment of the myocardium, including the accumulation of fibrillar collagen within the interstitium and adventitia of intramyocardial coronary arteries and a medial thickening of these vessels, represents a determinant of pathological hypertrophy that leads to ventricular dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS To evaluate the benefit of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in reversing this interstitial and vascular remodeling in the rat with genetic spontaneous hypertension (SHR) and established left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), we treated 14-week-old male SHR with oral lisinopril (average dose, 15 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Myocardial stiffness and coronary vascular reserve to adenosine (800 micrograms/min) were examined in the isolated heart; myocardial collagen and intramural coronary artery architecture were analyzed morphometrically. In lisinopril-treated SHR compared with 14-week-old baseline or 26-week-old untreated SHR and age- and sex-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls, we found 1) a regression in LVH and normalization of blood pressure, 2) a complete regression of interstitial fibrosis, represented by a decrease of interstitial collagen volume fraction from 7.0 +/- 1.3% to 3.2 +/- 0.3% (p less than 0.025; WKY, 2.8 +/- 0.5%), 3) normalization of myocardial stiffness constant from 19.5 +/- 0.9 to 13.7 +/- 1.3 (p less than 0.025; WKY, 13.8 +/- 2.2), 4) a reversal of intramural coronary artery remodeling, including a decrease in the ratio of perivascular fibrosis to vessel lumen size from 1.4 +/- 0.2 to 0.4 +/- 0.1 (p less than 0.025; WKY, 0.6 +/- 0.1) and medial thickening from 12.3 +/- 0.6 to 7.4 +/- 0.5 microns (p less than 0.005; WKY, 7.4 +/- 0.4 microns), and 4) a restoration of coronary vasodilator response to adenosine from 12.3 +/- 0.9 to 26.0 +/- 1.4 ml/min/g (p less than 0.005; WKY, 21.8 +/- 2.2 ml/min/g). Thus, in SHR with LVH and adverse structural remodeling of the cardiac interstitium, lisinopril reversed fibrous tissue accumulation and medial thickening of intramyocardial coronary arteries and restored myocardial stiffness and coronary vascular reserve to normal. CONCLUSIONS These cardioreparative properties of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition may be valuable in reversing left ventricular dysfunction in hypertensive heart disease.
Cardiac arrest due to anesthesia in children
Authors: J. F. Mayhew
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Interest continues in cardiac arrest related to anesthesia. A recent report 1 prompted us to review the experience at a children's hospital with specific interest in the healthy American Society of Anesthesiologists class I pediatric patient. We reviewed a total of 33 636 patients undergoing anesthesia from January 1971 through December 1985, and found two incidents of cardiac arrest in the healthy American Society of Anesthesiologists class I patients. One 2-year-old patient developed bradycardia and hypotension secondary to halothane administration. The other was a 16-year-old who developed ventricular fibrillation following the administration of intravenous atropine. Both recovered without incident. This gives an incidence of cardiac arrest of 1:16 800.  However, when all cases are considered, although the incidence of cardiac arrest under anesthesia is higher, the risk in the healthy pediatric patient should be small.