tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4203: Overexpression of miR-26a-2 in human liposarcoma is correlated with poor patient survival.
Authors: Dhong Hyun Tony Lee, Soroosh Amanat, Catherine Goff, Lawrence Weiss, Suzanne Cutter, Jonathan Said, Ngan Doan, Seishi Ogawa, Aiko Matsubara, Charles Forscher, H.Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Approximately 90% of well-differentiated/de-differentiated LPS (WDLPS/DDLPS), the most common LPS subtype, have chromosomal amplification at 12q13-q15. Many protein-coding genes in the region, such as MDM2 and CDK4, have been studied as potential therapeutic targets for LPS treatment with minimal success. Within this amplicon near the MDM2 gene, our SNP array analysis identified frequent amplification of miR-26a-2. Besides being in the amplicon, we found that miR-26a-2 is overexpressed significantly in WDLPS/DDLPS, as well as in myxoid/round cell LPS (MRC). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that overexpression of miR-26a-2 significantly correlated with poor patient survival in both types of LPS. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that miR-26a-2 plays an important role in LPS tumorigenesis, regardless of LPS subtypes. Overexpression of miR-26a-2 in LPS cells could help the growth and survival of cancer cells in a cell type-specific manner, including faster cell proliferation, faster cell migration, enhanced clonogenicity, suppressed adipocyte differentiation, and/or resistance to apoptosis. Inhibition of miR-26a-2 in LPS cells using anti-miR-26a-2 resulted in the opposite responses. To explain further the effect of miR-26a-2 overexpression in LPS cells, we performed in sillico analysis and identified 93 candidate targets of miR-26a-2. Among these candidate genes, we found that RCBTB1 (RCC1 and BTB domain containing protein 1) was located at 13q12.3-q14.3, a recurrent region of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in human LPS. Indeed, overexpression of RCBTB1 made cells more susceptible to apoptosis. Likewise, inhibition of RCBTB1 made cells more resistant to apoptosis. In conclusion, our study reveals, for the first time, the contribution that miR-26a-2 makes to LPS tumorigenesis, partly through inhibiting RCBTB1. Our study shows that miR-26a-2 is a novel therapeutic target for human LPS. Citation Format: Dhong Hyun Tony Lee, Soroosh Amanat, Catherine Goff, Lawrence Weiss, Suzanne Cutter, Jonathan Said, Ngan Doan, Seishi Ogawa, Aiko Matsubara, Charles Forscher, H.Phillip Koeffler. Overexpression of miR-26a-2 in human liposarcoma is correlated with poor patient survival. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4203. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4203
Subdural Hematoma and Lumbar Diskography
Authors: Orlando F. Gabriele
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Lumbar puncture is not uncommonly followed by headache which is presumed to be due to leaking of spinal fluid through the puncture site into the epidural space. Because of multiple punctures necessary in lumbar diskography, the potential of spinal fluid leak is increased as are the associated hazards. The following case of subdural hematoma is thought to be a complication of lumbar diskography. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 58-year-old man was admitted on Aug 19, 1963, with the chief complaint of recurrent pain in the lower part of the back with radiation to the right buttock and thigh of three years' duration. Initial symptoms were related to an episode when he was obliged to bear the full weight of a heavy object which was suddenly released. A myelogram revealed a minimal asymmetry at the L-5 and S-1 level. Because of the equivocal findings he was subjected to
Cognitive control in altruism and self-control: A social cognitive neuroscience perspective
Authors: Jeremy R. Gray, Todd S. Braver
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

The primrose path and prisoner's dilemma paradigms may require cognitive (executive) control: The active maintenance of context representations in lateral prefrontal cortex to provide top-down support for specific behaviors in the face of short delays or stronger response tendencies. This perspective suggests further tests of whether altruism is a type of self-control, including brain imaging, induced affect, and dual-task studies.
The Role of Emotional Stress in the Development of Heart Disease
Authors: James C. Buell
Journal: JAMA (1979)

CURRENT interest in the relationship between emotional stress and cardiovascular disease stems from several observations. First, traditional risk factors are absent in more than half of the newly encountered cases of coronary heart disease. This observation suggests that other as yet unrecognized risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. Second, there is impressive evidence that psychosocial conflict, emotions, and patterns of behavior can and do play an important role in the pathogenesis of certain types of cardiovascular disease. For example, using animals, investigators have been able to induce and document a variety of disease entities, including sustained hypertension, renal failure, accelerated atherosclerosis, coronary insufficiency, myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, and sudden death. However, whereas animal studies are easily controlled, comparably objective and controlled studies in man remain uncommon. At the present time, conclusions drawn from clinical research are more often supported by guilt through association and inference. The field
Meningitis Due to Escherichia coli
Authors: Martin C. McHenry
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Refractory meningitis due to Escherichia coli occurred in a young adult with a fracture of the temporal bone. Intramuscular administration of gentamicin resulted in detectable concentrations of this drug in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and temporary control of infection. For permanent bacteriologic cure, intramuscular and intrathecal therapy with gentamicin was ultimately required. The subcutaneous CSF reservoir of Ommaya provided a safe, convenient way to administer intrathecal therapy and to monitor its progress.
Gas in the Portal Venous System
Authors: Kundrotas Lw, Robinson Ab
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. A computed tomographic scan of a 73-year-old man with acute epigastric pain and abdominal distention shows gas in the portal venous system (arrows). A plain film of the abdomen did not reveal the gas within the liver. The patient was taken to the operating room, where he was found to have mesenteric ischemia from stenosis of the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery and a massive infarction of the small bowel. The patient survived a small-bowel resection. C denotes colon; StB, gas in the stomach lumen; St, stomach partially filled with contrast agent; S, spleen; . . .
Chemoembolization Combined With Radiofrequency Ablation for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Larger Than 3 cm
Authors: Bao-Quan Cheng, Chong-Qi Jia, Chun-Tao Liu, Wei Fan, Qing-Liang Wang, Zong-Li Zhang, Cui-Hua Yi
Journal: JAMA (2008)

This article has been retracted. See Notice of Retraction.<h3>Context</h3>Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) therapy has been used for patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma tumors, but the survival benefits of combined treatment are not known.<h3>Objective</h3>To compare rates of survival of patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma tumors who received treatment with TACE combined with RFA therapy (TACE-RFA), TACE alone, and RFA alone.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>Randomized controlled trial conducted from January 2001 to May 2004 among 291 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 3 cm at a single center in China.<h3>Intervention</h3>Patients were randomly assigned to treatment with combined TACE-RFA (n = 96), TACE alone (n = 95), or RFA alone (n = 100).<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>The primary end point was survival and the secondary end point was objective response rate.<h3>Results</h3>During a median 28.5 months of follow-up, median survival times were 24 months in the TACE group (3.4 courses), 22 months in the RFA group (3.6 courses), and 37 months in the TACE-RFA group (4.4 courses). Patients treated with TACE-RFA had better overall survival than those treated with TACE alone (hazard ratio [HR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33-2.63; P &lt; .001) or RFA (HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.34-2.65; P &lt; .001). In a preplanned substratification analysis, survival was also better in the TACE-RFA group than in the RFA group for patients with uninodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.42-4.42; P = .001) and in the TACE-RFA group than the TACE group for patients with multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.31-3.00; P &lt; .001). The rate of objective response sustained for at least 6 months was higher in the TACE-RFA group (54%) than with either TACE (35%; rate difference, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.06-0.33; P = .009) or RFA (36%; rate difference, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.32; P = .01) treatment alone.<h3>Conclusion</h3>In this patient group, TACE-RFA was superior to TACE alone or RFA alone in improving survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 3 cm.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00479050
Exploring new treatments for chronic kidney disease
Authors: Robert M. Perkins, Christina M. Yuan
Journal: Kidney International (2012)

To the Editor: We read with interest the excellent review by Turner et al.1.Turner J.M. Bauer C. Abramowitz M.K. et al.Treatment of chronic kidney disease.Kidney Int. 2012; 81: 351-362Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (120) Google Scholar of both established and non-traditional treatment options for slowing progression of chronic kidney disease. The authors are to be commended for their consideration of novel applications of established therapies and metabolic targets not traditionally associated with treatments to slow disease progression. We wish to point out an omission in this report of a therapy with great promise. Pentoxifylline has been studied prospectively in more than 1000 patients enrolled in 19 clinical trials to date, with consistently positive results across disparate populations, without apparent toxicity, and with an excellent adverse-effect profile. Pentoxifylline is a non-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor with renal anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic activity.2.Lin S. Chen R. Chen Y. et al.Pentoxifylline attenuates tubulointerstitial fibrosis by blocking Smad3/4-activated transcription and profibrogenic effects of connective tissue growth factor.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005; 16: 2702-2713Crossref PubMed Scopus (143) Google Scholar The drug targets a distinctly different pathophysiological mechanism of chronic kidney disease progression than that of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers.2.Lin S. Chen R. Chen Y. et al.Pentoxifylline attenuates tubulointerstitial fibrosis by blocking Smad3/4-activated transcription and profibrogenic effects of connective tissue growth factor.J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005; 16: 2702-2713Crossref PubMed Scopus (143) Google Scholar Pentoxifylline reduces proteinuria and preserves kidney function among patients with diabetic and non-diabetic chronic kidney disease, with or without concomitant inhibition of the renin–angiotensin axis, an important consideration given that a substantial proportion of diabetic patients either cannot tolerate or develop tachyphylaxis to such therapies.3.McCormick B.B. Sydor A. Akbari A. et al.The effect of pentoxifylline on proteinuria in diabetic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.Am J Kidney Dis. 2008; 52: 454-463Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (87) Google Scholar,4.Perkins R.M. Aboudara M.C. Uy A. et al.Effect of pentoxifylline on GFR decline in CKD: a pilot, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Am J Kidney Dis. 2009; 53: 606-616Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar Health-care resources in the United States and globally will become increasingly constrained in the years to come; it is therefore essential that the nephrology community continues to explore new applications of existing therapies with demonstrated efficacy for slowing the progression of a disease that may impact ≥10% of the world's adult population. We would be foolish to do otherwise.
Company defends "campaign to `counter' BMJ claims"
Authors: R. J Cripps
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—We disagree with the conclusions of Moynihan in his news item on our company's so called campaign to counter claims made in his education and debate article on female sexual dysfunction. 1 2

We are a full service communications company specialising in life science and healthcare communications and manage a wide variety of communications programmes to high ethical standards. These programmes include awareness campaigns to support recruitment of potential …
Thyroid Carcinoma After Radiation Therapy for Adolescent Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Edwin C. Albright
Journal: JAMA (1967)

ROENTGEN THERAPY has been used for many years in patients with adolescent acne vulgaris. Without proper shielding of the neck the thyroid gland may receive undetermined amounts of irradiation. The potential carcinogenic effect on the thyroid has largely been ignored by the therapist in this group of patients, although the association of thyroid cancer and irradiation to the thymus in infancy is well recognized. The purpose of this report is to call attention to the possible hazard of thyroid cancer after radiation therapy for acne vulgaris. <h3>Report of Cases</h3> Five adult patients with thyroid cancer, in whom it was possible to obtain a history of radiation therapy for acne vulgaris in adolescence, have been seen. <h3>Case 1 (UH 267437).—</h3> A 24-year-old woman was admitted in October 1949 because of progressive, painless swelling in the right side of the neck for eight months. She had noted slight dysphagia for two weeks.
Informed Consent and Baby Fae
Authors: Elizabeth Knoll
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Ever since Dr Leonard Bailey transplanted the heart of a young baboon into a human newborn with fatal hypoplastic left heart syndrome, there has been great public concern about the ethical issues involved in the highly experimental surgery. Among the many questions asked were: How much was known about this procedure? How much did the parents understand and how was their permission obtained? In the particular area of informed consent, the report by the investigative team of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) answers some questions but raises new ones.<sup>1</sup> In December 1984 members of the NIH's Office of Protection From Research Risks, an NIH legal adviser, and two nongovernmental consultants accepted Loma Linda University's (LLU) invitation to examine the university's decision to attempt the xenograft. After two days of discussions, the site visitors concluded that the review of the proposed procedure— which had included participation by the hospital
Serum Exopeptidase Activity in Diseases of the Pancreas
Authors: M. E. Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THIS report deals with a new method for the colorimetric determination of arginine exopeptidase activity of human serum, and the values obtained in various diseases, in particular those involving the pancreas.In the past few years there has been a revival of interest in the proteolytic and related enzymes of human serum. Recently, the trypsin and leucine aminopeptidase activity of the serum has been shown to be increased in acute and chronic pancreatitis and in carcinoma of the pancreas.1 2 3 The classification of enzymes that act on proteins or peptides is difficult. The activity of serum on arginine amides and esters . . .
Rational use of antibiotic therapy after appendicectomy.
Authors: D J Pinto, P J Sanderson
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A prospective randomised trial was carried out on 263 patients admitted for appendicectomy. In those patients with normal or inflamed appendix only, wound sepsis occurred in five (5%) of the 96 patients receiving metronidazole compared with seven (7%) of the 91 controls. In patients with gangrenous or perforated appendices, however, 15 of the 32 patients (47%) receiving ampicillin and five (16%) of 31 patients receiving metronidazole developed a wound infection (p less than 0.025). Therapeutic courses of metronidazole significantly reduced wound sepsis rate in those with gangrenous or perforated appendices. Together with another antibiotic it should form part of the management of such patients, but antibiotics are unlikely to reduce further the low rate of wound infection in patients with normal or inflamed appendices.
Block allotransplantation of both lungs with pulmonary trunk and left atrium in dogs
Authors: P. Vanderhoeft, A. Dubois, N. Lauvau, Ph. de Francquen, Y. Carpentier, P. Rocmans, R. Nelson, S. Kaufman, L. Brickman, A. Gyhra, P. Ectors
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Eleven dogs received a double-lung-block allotransplantation under cardiopulmonary bypass. Six dogs survived over one hour with spontaneous breathing and normal right ventricular pressures. Postoperative blood gases and pressures are given for six animals. These data show a fall in systemic blood pressure and arterial oxygen partial pressure, a rise in PCO<sub>2</sub>, and no change in pH after completion of transplantation. Causes of death were haemorrhage (7), inadequate cardiopulmonary bypass (2), early anoxic heart lesion (1), and post-perfusion low output syndrome (1).
LIN28B induces neuroblastoma and enhances MYCN levels via let-7 suppression
Authors: Jan J Molenaar, Raquel Domingo-Fernández, Marli E Ebus, Sven Lindner, Jan Koster, Ksenija Drabek, Pieter Mestdagh, Peter van Sluis, Linda J Valentijn, Johan van Nes, Marloes Broekmans, Franciska Haneveld, Richard Volckmann, Isabella Bray, Lukas Heukamp, Annika Sprüssel, Theresa Thor, Kristina Kieckbusch, Ludger Klein-Hitpass, Matthias Fischer, Jo Vandesompele, Alexander Schramm, Max M van Noesel, Luigi Varesio, Frank Speleman, Angelika Eggert, Raymond L Stallings, Huib N Caron, Rogier Versteeg, Johannes H Schulte
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Ban on publishing industry funded research could harm surgical innovation
Authors: S. Chapman, A. Bhangu
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A blanket ban on publishing drug industry funded research has implications for surgical research.1 Industry collaborations in surgery involve drugs and devices, with the latter driving technological advancement. Recent efforts—encouraged by the Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCSEng)—have focused on strengthening these collaborations to promote and …
FOUR NEW GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUMENTS
Authors: Emmet A. Printy
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The distinguishing features of the instruments shown in the accompanying illustrations are their sturdy construction and the fact that each instrument, as it rests on a flat surface, is raised up on one side by means of a projecting flange or pin, making it more easily grasped. The needle holder (Fig. 1) was devised with a view of improving on present types of holders, in that the jaws are sufficiently heavy to withstand the strain in grasping heavy needles, and narrow enough to handle curved needles with a minimum of breakage. The illustration shows the general appearance of the instrument. It is finished in a permanent black so that it is always easily distinguished from other instruments. In order to facilitate the easy handling of the holder, I had the makers provide two well rounded right angle terminals to the shanks. Thus, when the instrument is placed on a flat
Tissue infiltration in a CD8 lymphocytosis syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection has the phenotypic appearance of an antigenically driven response.
Authors: S Itescu, J Dalton, H Z Zhang, R Winchester
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

HIV-1 infection may initiate to an HLA-associated response designated diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, characterized by increased numbers of circulating CD8 T cells that infiltrate salivary glands, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Since this response could either be an antigenically driven process induced by HIV-1 or a lymphoproliferation of cells with neoplastic or unusual features, we sought to define the phenotype of the cellular populations, the nature of tissue derangement, and the tissue localization of virus in diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome. Circulating CD8 T cells were greatly increased while CD4 T cell numbers remained in the range found in asymptomatic seropositive persons. The majority of CD8 and CD4 T cells in both blood and tissues had the memory phenotype of CD29+ (beta 1 integrin) and CD11a+/CD18 (beta 2 integrin) expression, but lacked markers of recent activation. A proportion of the circulating CD8 T cells also expressed CD57 (Leu 7) but not other markers of natural killer cells. HIV-encoded proteins were identified in tissue macrophages located in periacinar areas of the salivary glands. CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), a ligand for the CD11a integrin, was strongly expressed on postcapillary venule endothelium within lymphoid foci, and HLA-DR molecules were found on limited regions of ductular epithelium adjacent to lymphoid aggregates. These findings suggest that (a) the visceral lymphocytic infiltration in diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome is an antigen-driven, and MHC-determined, host immune response to an element associated with HIV-1 infection, and (b) that the specific adhesive molecule interactions mediating the cellular influx, as well as the subsequent tissue damage, reflect altered patterns of gene expression in tissues undergoing an immune response.
The Hyper-IgE Syndromes: Evaluation Of Over 80 Patients With Eczema And Elevated Serum Ige
Authors: E.D. Renner, L. Schimke, J. Sawalle-Belohradsky, B. Hagl, K. Schwarz, A. Langbeck, A. Wollenberg, J. Reichenbach, R. Seger, G. Notheis, J. Roesler, M. Borte, T. Niehuis, V. Wahn, M. Hoenig, H. Hill, M. Albert, T. Torgerson, B. Belohradsky, H. Ochs
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Albumin: Pathophysiologic basis of its role in the treatment of cirrhosis and its complications
Authors: Rita Garcia-Martinez, Paolo Caraceni, Mauro Bernardi, Pere Gines, Vicente Arroyo, Rajiv Jalan
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Since the introduction of human serum albumin as a plasma expander in the 1940s, considerable research has allowed a better understanding of its biochemical properties and potential clinical benefits. Albumin has a complex structure, which is responsible for a variety of biological functions. In disease, the albumin molecule is susceptible to modifications that may alter its biological activity. During the last decades, different methods to measure albumin function have been developed. Recent studies have shown that not only albumin concentration but also albumin function is reduced in liver failure. This observation led to the concept of effective albumin concentration, which represents the fact that plasma albumin concentration does not reflect its function. Indeed, in liver disease albumin function is several times less than its concentration. In patients with cirrhosis, albumin infusion reduces mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and improves outcome following large volume paracentesis. In combination with vasoconstrictors, albumin is useful in the management of patients with hepatorenal syndrome. Its role is being investigated in a large number of indications, which rely on its volume and nonvolume expansion functions such as stroke, severe sepsis, Alzheimer's disease, malaria, burns, and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. This review explores the above concepts, reviews the available evidence for the use of albumin in liver diseases, defines therapeutic limitations, and explores the challenges that should be addressed in future research.