tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Physician and Emotional Disorders
Authors: MILTON J. STEINHARDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 March 1971The Physician and Emotional DisordersMILTON J. STEINHARDT, M.D.MILTON J. STEINHARDT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-3-451_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I wish to comment on the editorial "Emotional Disorders in Medical Practice" in the October 1970 issue of the ANNALS. As one who has been concerned with the problem of the liaison of medicine and psychiatry for the past 20 years and who finally solved it by officially entering the specialty of psychiatry, in my experience the best method is that of the doctor treating the patient himself after becoming conversant with some of the basic aspects of psychotherapy. The physician will of course refer the more difficult cases to a psychiatrist, who should then determine which... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1971Volume 74, Issue 3Page: 451-452KeywordsEmotions Issue Published: 1 March 1971 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Feel free to ululate
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In Pretoria a few weeks ago the jacaranda trees were blooming. The highway near the airport was lined with the offices of multinational companies, gleaming in the sunshine. As we reached Johannesburg the nation's health problems intruded. An advertising gantry read: “ ‘I only do skin to skin’ John (18) … ‘Wrap it or zip it’ Zena (17).”

We were visiting the national college. In Britain, medical royal colleges are regrettably independent from one another but The Colleges …
Selective depletion of plasma prekallikrein or coagulation factor XII inhibits thrombosis in mice without increased risk of bleeding
Authors: Alexey S. Revenko, Dacao Gao, Jeff R. Crosby, Gourab Bhattacharjee, Chenguang Zhao, Chris May, David Gailani, Brett P. Monia, A. Robert MacLeod
Journal: Blood (2011)
Extent of Coronary and Myocardial Disease and Benefit From Surgical Revascularization in LV Dysfunction
Authors: Julio A. Panza, Eric J. Velazquez, Lilin She, Peter K. Smith, José C. Nicolau, Roberto R. Favaloro, Sinisa Gradinac, Lukasz Chrzanowski, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Jonathan G. Howlett, Marek Jasinski, James A. Hill, Hanna Szwed, Robert Larbalestier, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Robert H. Jones, Kerry L. Lee, Jean L. Rouleau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Congenital Coronary Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Mary Allen Engle, Edward I. Goldsmith, George R. Holswade, Henry P. Goldberg, Frank Glenn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

REPORTS of the unusual anomaly of coronary arteriovenous fistula are appearing with increasing frequency. When Steinberg, Baldwin and Dotter1 reviewed the subject in 1958, they found 22 examples in the literature and added 1 case that they had observed over a seven-year period. By 1959 Currarino and his co-workers2 had collected 52 cases of this malformation, 5 in animals. Nine patients had associated cardiovascular anomalies. In a masterly treatment of the subject in 1960, Gasul and his associates3 reported on 5 patients in whom the anomaly was diagnosed during life; in 4 it was surgically corrected. Their review of other . . .
Reply to Z. Blumenfeld et al
Authors: Isabelle Demeestere, Pauline Brice, Fedro Alessandro Peccatori, Alain Kentos, Isabelle Gaillard, Pierre Zachee, Olivier Casasnovas, Eric Van Den Neste, Julie Dechene, Vivianne De Maertelaer, Dominique Bron, Yvon Englert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
The $800 Million Pill: The Truth Behind the Cost of New Drugs
Authors: Jeff Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

T wo sets of statistics summarise the two main preoccupations of this book.

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Merrill Goozner

University of California Press, $24.95/£16.95, pp 297 ISBN 0 520 23945 8 Also available as a digital download www.ucpress.edu/

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Firstly, the costs of drug development. The Tufts University Center for the Study of Drug Development calculated that in 2001 the pharmaceutical industry spent $802m (£446m; €663m) per marketed drug, while the Global Alliance for TB Drug Development thought that a new antituberculosis drug could be developed in the public sector for as little as $115m to $240m, conceding that the international …

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Body Weight and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Andrew B. Grey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To assess bone mineral density and body composition in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism. Design: Cross-sectional study with an age-matched control group. Setting: University teaching hospital. Patients: 41 postmenopausal women with mild primary hyperparathyroidism and 43 eucalcemic, age-matched controls. Measurements: Total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femoral (femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanter) bone mineral density; body composition; and fat distribution were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: Women with primary hyperparathyroidism were heavier (75.5 kg compared with 66.3 kg; difference, 9.2 kg [95% CI, 3.7 to 14.7 kg]; P = 0.002), had a higher fat mass (33.3 kg compared with 26.1 kg; difference, 7.2 kg [CI, 3.0 to 11.4 kg]; P = 0.001), and had a more android pattern of fat distribution (android-to-gynoid fat ratio, 1.05 compared with 0.84; difference, 0.21 [CI, 0.1 to 0.32]; P = 0.0004) than the controls. Unadjusted bone mineral density was similar in patients and controls at all sites: total body, 0.990 compared with 1.023 g/cm2 (difference, 0.033; CI, −0.004 to 0.070); posteroanterior lumbar spine, 1.032 compared with 1.018 g/cm2 (difference, 0.014; CI, −0.031 to 0.059); lateral lumbar spine, 0.569 compared with 0.528 g/cm2 (difference, 0.041; CI, −0.022 to 0.104); femoral neck, 0.799 compared with 0.825 g/cm2 (difference, 0.026; CI, −0.072 to 0.124); Ward's triangle, 0.653 compared with 0.677 g/cm 2 (difference, 0.024; CI, −0.035 to 0.089); trochanter, 0.734 compared with 0.733 g/cm2 (difference, 0.001; CI, −0.024 to 0.026); and arms, 0.720 compared with 0.739 g/cm2 (difference, 0.019; CI, −0.015 to 0.053). After adjustment for body weight, bone mineral density in women with primary hyperparathyroidism was lower than that in controls for total body (P = 0.0004), femoral neck (P = 0.001), Ward's triangle (P = 0.01), trochanter (P = 0.02), and arms (P = 0.0006). Spinal bone mineral density did not differ between groups. Conclusions: Body weight, total body fat mass, and proportion of android fat are increased in postmenopausal women with primary hyperparathyroidism; these unexplained factors may be relevant to the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in this condition. Unadjusted bone mineral density values are similar in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and in controls, suggesting that this condition is not associated with an increased risk for fracture.
Disruption of estrogen receptor DNA-binding domain and related intramolecular communication restores tamoxifen sensitivity in resistant breast cancer
Authors: Li Hua Wang, Xiao Yi Yang, Xiaohu Zhang, Ping An, Han-Jong Kim, Jiaqiang Huang, Robert Clarke, C. Kent Osborne, John K. Inman, Ettore Appella, William L. Farrar
Journal: Cancer Cell (2006)
Homeopathy in America: The Rise and Fall of a Medical Heresy
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In publishing his doctoral dissertation, the author has made available a large amount of hidden sources, buried literature, and archival material dealing with homeopathy in America. There is, however, little synthesis into a coherent picture, for the major focus seems to rest not on homeopathy as a whole but rather on the conflicts between the homeopaths and allopaths. The author does not provide new insights into the rise of homeopathy as a vigorous movement. He overemphasizes bloodletting and "heroic treatment" as the soil in which homeopathy took root, and provides no adequate account of its actual growth, its leaders, its schools, its general appeal. Nor do we get an adequate picture of its heyday and its decline in the latter 19th century. An undue amount of space is devoted to the 20th century, when homeopathy already had lost most of its significance. The book is weak in the social aspects
Pharmacology of the Sphincter of Oddi
Authors: M. Staritz
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

The sphincter of Oddi is the smooth muscle connection between the bile duct and the duodenum. Its physiological function is associated with a regular motility characterized by phasic contractions superimposed on the sphincter of Oddi baseline pressure. Recently introduced ERCP-manometry permits further studies of sphincter of Oddi pharmacology. A number of drugs have so far been studied. Sedatives of the diazepam type had no effect on the sphincter, while butylscopolaminium bromide, a typical neurotropic agent, brings about cessation of the sphincter motility for 3-8 minutes. Hymecromon lowered the sphincter baseline pressure from 9.8 to 7.8 mmHg. A 1.2 mg sublingual dose of nitroglycerin, a typical musculotropic agent, caused significant relaxation of the sphincter, and decreased baseline pressure from 8.9 mmHg to 2.9 mmHg; Sphincter motility was not affected. Morphine-like analgetics, in particular pentazocine, elevated sphincter baseline pressure, but buprenorphine and tramadol did not. Pharmacological doses of gastrointestinal hormones also affect the sphincter; CCK octapeptide, glucagon and secretin are able to decrease sphincter of Oddi baseline pressure, and CCK octapeptide abolishes sphincter motility. Sphincter of Oddi pharmacology is of clinical interest. The administration of sphincter-relaxing agents, in particular nitroglycerin and butylscopolaminium bromide, enables the endoscopist to extract small common bile duct stones without previous papillotomy. Analgetics that induce sphincter contraction and thus hinder the flow of bile and pancreatic juice, may be helpful for the treatment of pain in patients with pancreatico-biliary disease. Investigations into the effect of CCK on the healthy and diseased sphincter permit us to identify patients with sphincter dysfunction using a special CCK-provocation test.
Prevention of diabetes-induced arginase activation and vascular dysfunction by Rho kinase (ROCK) knockout
Authors: Lin Yao, Surabhi Chandra, Haroldo A. Toque, Anil Bhatta, Modesto Rojas, Ruth B. Caldwell, R. William Caldwell
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

We determined the role of the Rho kinase (ROCK) isoforms in diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and enhancement of arginase activity and expression. Studies were performed in aortic tissues from haplo-insufficient (H-I) ROCK1 and ROCK2 mice and wild-type (WT) mice rendered diabetic with streptozotocin and in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) treated with high glucose (HG, 25 mM). Protein expression of both ROCK isoforms was substantially elevated in aortas of WT mice after 8 weeks of diabetes and in BAECs after 48 h in HG. Impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of aortas was observed in diabetic WT mice. However, there was no impairment in aortas of diabetic ROCK1 H-I mice and less impairment in aortas of diabetic ROCK2 H-I mice, compared with non-diabetic mice. These vascular effects were associated with the prevention of diabetes-induced decrease in nitric oxide (NO) production and a rise in arginase activity/expression. Acute treatment with the arginase inhibitor, BEC, improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of aortas of both diabetic WT and ROCK2, but not of ROCK1 mice. Partial deletion of either ROCK isoform, but to a greater extent ROCK1, attenuates diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction by preventing increased arginase activity and expression and reduction in NO production in type 1 diabetes. Limiting ROCK and arginase activity improves vascular function in diabetes.
Scientific Foundations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
Authors: A. Catterall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

The generation of CTLs is crucial in the immunological fight against cancer and many infectious diseases. To achieve this, vaccine Ags need to be targeted to the cytosol of dendritic cells, which can activate CD8 T cells via MHC class I (MHCI). Therefore, such targeting has become one of the major objectives of vaccine research. In this study, we aimed to bypass the unwanted and default MHC class II Ag presentation and trigger MHCI presentation by using a photosensitizer that, upon light activation, would facilitate cytosolic targeting of codelivered Ag. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles ∼1 μm size were loaded with OVA and the photosensitizer tetraphenyl chlorine disulphonate (TPCS2a) and administered intradermally in mice, which were illuminated 1 d later for activation of the photosensitizer. Immunization in the presence of TPCS2a significantly increased activation of CD8 T cells compared with immunization without TPCS2a and as measured by CD8 T cell proliferation, production of proinflammatory IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, and prevention of tumor growth. Cytotoxicity was demonstrated by granzyme B production in vitro and by in vivo killing of CFSE-labeled targets. CD4-dependent Ab responses were abrogated in mice immunized with TPCS2a-containing particles, suggesting that photosensitization facilitated a shift from default MHC class II toward MHCI Ag presentation. Hence, vaccine particles with Ag and photosensitizers proved an effective vehicle or adjuvant for stimulation of CTLs, and they may find potential application in therapeutic cancer vaccination and in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against intracellular infections.
HAEMORRHAGE IN A NEWLY BORN INFANT
Authors: S. D. Clippingdale
Journal: BMJ (1913)

MEDICAL JOURNqAL tlle necropsy the cord slhowed less involvement than the brain.In other examiiples tlle cord appears to lhave been affected to an oqual cxtent with tlle brain, but in this one there certainly was lcss pus in tlle thecal space and less softening of the tissue of the corld.While the treatment by otlier mealns is so unsatisfactory, it seemns reasonable to suggest that both urotropin and spinal lavage are worthy of furtlher trial.In colnclusioni, we desire to tllanik Dr. Eustace Smitlh for kindly permitting us to publislh the notes of the case.
Has Medical Education Metastasized?
Authors: Glen R. Leymaster
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Efforts to expand medical education through the construction of totally new, coordinated, academic medical centers that included a university-owned teaching hospital large enough to accommodate most of the university's medical educational functions seemed to have ended with the 1960s. The federal government had cut back sharply on new funding of university hospital construction. The public and their local governments had become disenchanted with the costs and effects of education primarily based on tertiary care concentrated in large cities. Students, practitioners, and some medical educators were seeking ways in which student education could be related more closely to the kinds of medical care commonly needed by the people, provided at the place needed. At least for a time, the erain which a university could obtain $100 to $200 million to construct a new, unified medical school and teaching hospital appeared to have come to an end. With pressures for increased output
The Missing Environmental Factor in Celiac Disease
Authors: Jonas F. Ludvigsson, Peter H.R. Green
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

"How can I protect my child from the development of celiac disease?" Parents and parents-to-be frequently ask this question when a family member has this condition. Until now, many clinicians have recommended the administration of small amounts of gluten during the "window of opportunity" — at 4 to 6 months of age — preferably while maintaining breast-feeding. This advice was based on experience from the Swedish celiac disease epidemic, in which a large increase in the prevalence of the disease among infants was attributed to earlier introduction of gluten,1 as well as on U.S. data indicating that the introduction of . . .
B2-06: A pragmatic, randomised study to compare the hospitalisation rates of two platinum-based outpatient regimens (Gemicitabine/Cisplatin vs. Gemcitabine/Carboplatin) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) - UK Swiss collaboration
Authors: Fiona Blackhall, Paul Taylor, Linda Ashcroft, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Paul Burt, Maggie Harris, Yvonne Summers, Wiebbke Appel, Nick Thatcher
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Glucose reabsorption from ileal loops.
Authors: R C McGeuran
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The relation we observed in heart failure between the plasma urea concentration and subsequent mortality confirms the finding of Domenent and Evans.7 The relation between plasma creatinine and subsequent mortality in patients with heart failure has not been studied before.In our series no patient with heart failure survived if the plasma creatinine concentration was > 220 Vmol/l (2-5 mg/100 ml).
Clinical Lecture on Two Cases of Perihepatic Abscess Bursting through the Right Lung
Authors: A. T. H. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1877)

GENTLEMEN,-I wish this morning to call your attention to the case of Charles O., who was in No. IO ward, and who suffered from a very unusual form of disease.There is another case of a similar kind, which occurred in my practice at the Northern Hospital, to which I will also allude.The man, C. O., was the subject of a perihepatic abscess; not an abscess forming in the substance of the liver, but behind it, and which had found its way through the diaphragm into the right lung; the matter from it becoming expectorated.I need not tell you that cases of this kind are very rare.Abscess of the substance of the liver is more common.In this country, however, it is scarcely ever seen, except in those who have been in tropical climates and have there contracted the disease.
The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, fosinopril, and the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, losartan, inhibit LDL oxidation and attenuate atherosclerosis independent of lowering blood pressure in apolipoprotein E deficient mice
Authors: T Hayek
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: To investigate the possible mechanisms of the antiatherosclerotic effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, fosinopril, in apolipoprotein (apo) E deficient mice. Methods: Apo E deficient (E0) mice at the age of 8 weeks received either placebo or a high dose (25 mg/kg/d) of fosinopril supplemented in their drinking water. Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, fosinopril reduced the aortic lesion size by 70%, compared with the placebo group. At this dosage, fosinopril significantly reduced blood pressure from 93±2 mmHg before treatment to 70±2 mmHg at the end of the treatment period (P<0.005). Fosinopril also increased the resistance of the mice plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) to CuSO4-induced oxidation, as shown by a 90% reduction in the LDL content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and also by a prolongation of the lag time required for the initiation of LDL oxidation (from 100 min in the placebo-treated mice to more than 240 min in the fosinopril-treated mice; P<0.001). In addition, fosinopril inhibited CuSO4-induced oxidation of LDL that was obtained from the aortas of the treated mice, as shown by an 18% and 37% reduction in the LDL content of lipid peroxides and hydroperoxy-cholesterol linoleate, respectively, compared with the placebo-treated mice (P<0.01). A low dosage of fosinopril (5 mg/kg/d) that was still adequate to reduce their plasma ACE activity and LDL propensity to lipid peroxidation was insufficient to lower their blood pressure. This dosage also reduced the aortic lesion size in the apo E deficient mice by 40% (P<0.01). Conclusions: The antiatherogenic effects of fosinopril in apo E deficient mice are due not only to blood pressure reduction but also to the direct inhibition of angiotensin II-dependent effects, which are probably also associated with the inhibition of LDL oxidation.
Communicable and Infectious Diseases: Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment
Authors: Gaylord W. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In the 19 years since the appearance of the first edition, Dr. Top's book on the communicable and infectious diseases has made for itself a unique position of leadership. Today it is probably the country's best recognized text on the clinical aspects of this important group of diseases. This position has been earned through the author's extensive first-hand knowledge which finds expression in straightforward and lucid presentation of facts and opinions. It is a "middle of the road" book, not given to radical and extreme ideas, yet constantly abreast of new developments and quick to incorporate that which is found to be valuable. The fourth edition, which has recently appeared, maintains the character, quality, and high standards of its predecessors. As in previous editions, Dr. Top has enjoyed the collaboration of other authors, this time 20 in number, each chosen for his unquestioned familiarity with the condition about which he
Oral contraceptives, venous thromboembolism, and the courts
Authors: D. C G Skegg
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Controversy is an inevitable element of medical progress, but sometimes it degenerates into doubtful disputations. During the 1950s, as evidence mounted about the exceptionally strong association between smoking and lung cancer, ingenious theories were advanced about bias or confounding in the epidemiological studies. Sir Ronald Fisher, the renowned statistician, described the notion that cigarettes can cause lung cancer as “a catastrophic and conspicuous howler.” 1 It is small wonder that consensus is slow to develop about much weaker associations between drugs (or contraceptives) and adverse events. A recently completed trial in the English High Court raises the question of whether the judicial process can help us reach sensible conclusions.

The action was brought against three pharmaceutical companies by women who believed they had been harmed by third generation oral contraceptives. In October 1995, the United Kingdom's Committeeon Safety of Medicines announced that such contraceptives (containing desogestrel or gestodene) carried a higher risk of venous thromboembolism than older formulations (containing levonorgestrel).Controversy raged for several years and, although the evidence has convinced many expert bodies—including a scientific group at the World Health Organization2 and the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products3—the manufacturers and their …
828 EFFECT OF THE PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-γ (PPARγ) GENE ON NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN NORTHERN ASIAN INDIANS
Authors: S.P. Bhatt, P. Nigam, A. Misra, K. Luthra, S.K. Jain, M.A. Qadar Pasha, M. Vaidya
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)