tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A COACHING WORKSHOP IMPROVES COACH INTENTION BUT DOES NOT TRANSLATE TO IMPLEMENTATION OF A ACL INJURY PREVENTION PROGRAM
Authors: B Frank, J Register-Mihalik, S Marshall, D Padua
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background There is limited evidence describing methods and challenges for implementing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programs (IPP) in a “real-world” context. Objective Evaluate the effects of a ACL IPP workshop on elite-division youth soccer coaches' behavioral determinants to implement a ACL IPP, and describe coaches' subsequent ACL IPP implementation compliance. Design Descriptive study. Setting Elite-division youth soccer club. Participants A convenient sample of 34 soccer coaches (age=34.6±9.1 yrs) of elite-division youth soccer club teams. Interventions We administered a workshop aimed at increasing coaches' behavioral determinants to implement a ACL IPP. Coaches were provided with instructional materials following the workshop. Main outcome measurements Coaches' behavioral determinants regarding ACL IPP using pre/post-workshop surveys and coaches' subsequent rate and fidelity of implementation of the ACL IPP during the following soccer season. Results Wilcoxon signed-rank tests indicated the workshop increased coach attitude toward; conducting a ACL IPP (P=.020), substituting a ACL IPP for a warm-up (P=.007), and improving player cutting and landing technique by implementing a ACL IPP (P=.001). The workshop increased coaches' perceived behavioral control; coaches felt more comfortable in their ability to teach their team a ACL IPP (P=.002) and more confident leading a ACL IPP if given instructions (P=.025). The workshop increased coaches' intent to implement a ACL IPP the next season (P&lt;.001); for 15 minutes (P=.008) and 20 minutes (P=.011) prior to the start of a training session. Only 53% of the club's teams implemented the ACL IPP, with implementers demonstrating high variability in program fidelity. Conclusions ACL IPP workshops can effectively increase coach attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intent to implement a ACL IPP. However, amplification of behavioral determinants does not appear to directly translate to high-level implementation compliance. Future research should investigate supplementary strategies to facilitate optimal ACL IPP implementation to improve compliance.
Developmental cardiac electrophysiology recent advances in cellular physiology
Authors: Glenn T. Wetzel, Thomas S. Klitzner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

This overview of cardiac ion channel development does not suggest any particular theme underlying the expression or regulation of all channel subtypes. Calcium and potassium channels generally exhibit increased expression in more mature hearts. However, this increase in channel number or activity as determined under voltage clamp conditions may not be translated into increased activity in vivo. Concomitant changes in other physiological factors such as local intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, increased resting membrane potential and decreased heart rate in mature heart may inhibit or augment channel activity. Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange activity appears to decrease with development, possibly reflecting its decreasing role in both systolic and diastolic Ca2+ regulation. Na+ channel activity follows a middle course, exhibiting little change in channel conductance. The reported shift in the voltage dependence of channel inactivation toward more negative membrane potentials may reflect a concomitant shift in the resting membrane potential in mature heart. However, this change is in the direction opposite to that reported for L-type Ca2+ channel inactivation, suggesting that the regulation of these channels is not modulated by a common factor such as membrane surface charge. A detailed characterization of multiple channel subtypes in mature myocardium has resulted in significant advances in models of the cardiac action potential and excitation-contraction coupling. Recently, developmental changes in ion channel physiology have been described, setting the stage for a comparable elucidation of the ontogeny of the cardiac action potential. Ca2+ and K+ channel currents generally become more prominent with development. In contrast, developmental changes in Na+ currents are less dramatic and Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange currents appear to decrease with age. These changes may, in part, be reflected by the increasingly important role of transsarcolemmal Ca2+ influx in triggering Ca2+ release from the SR in mature heart as compared to its direct role of providing Ca2+ for cell contraction in immature heart. These developmental changes in ion channel expression and function are likely to have a significant effect on the generation of the action potential in individual myocytes. Developmental changes in the characteristics of the action potential may then have a major influence on the initiation, propagation and termination of autonomic, triggered, and re-entrant arrhythmias. Progress in this area provides an essential foundation for the evolution of a systematic approach to pediatric arrhythmias comparable to that under development for mature heart [3].
Malabsorption Associated with Infiltration of the Intestinal Wall by a Homogeneous IgM (λ). A Syndrome of Macroglobulinosis.
Authors: W. Pruzanski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Malabsorption Associated with Infiltration of the Intestinal Wall by a Homogeneous IgM (λ). A Syndrome of Macroglobulinosis.W. Pruzanski, F.R.C.P. (C), R. E. Warren, F.R.C.P. (C), J. Goldie, F.R.C.P. (C), A. Katz, M.D.W. Pruzanski, F.R.C.P. (C)Search for more papers by this author, R. E. Warren, F.R.C.P. (C)Search for more papers by this author, J. Goldie, F.R.C.P. (C)Search for more papers by this author, A. Katz, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-861_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA 68-year-old woman had fatigue, vomiting, and abdominal cramps for 15 months, ankle edema for 3 months, and severe diarrhea for 3 weeks. Physical examination showed a pale lethargic woman with ascites and ankle edema. There was no organomegaly or lymphadenopathy. Hemoglobin was 9.0 mg/100 ml; serum albumin, 1.9 g/100 ml; calcium, 6.8 mg/100 ml; prothrombin time, 17 sec; carotene, 17 μg/100 ml; xylose absorption, 3.4 g/5 hr; fecal fat excretion, 12 g/24 hr;51Cr chloride excretion, 8.6%. Serum electrophoresis showed an M component of 1.76 g/100 ml, identified as an 19S IgM(λ). Urine contained 560 mg/24 hr of protein... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Toronto, Ontario Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 861-861KeywordsAnklesEdemaExcretionHemoglobinProteinsProthrombin timeSerum albuminUrineVomitingXylose Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 4252: Redefining the DNA methylome of prostate cancer using DNA methylation arrays.
Authors: Joao Ramalho-Carvalho, Rui Henrique, Sergi Sayols, Antonio Gomez, Carmen Jerónimo, Manel Esteller
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common noncutaneous malignancy and a leading cause of cancer death among men. Clinically localized disease might be successfully treated whereas disseminated disease remains mostly lethal. During prostate cancer development and progression, tumor cells undergo abnormal epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation alterations. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic alteration in human cancer, and is associated with transcriptional repression of both coding and non-coding regions of the genome. Aberrant DNA methylation is gaining force in the fields of cancer risk assessment, diagnosis and therapy monitoring in different cancer types, including prostate cancer. Importantly, aberrant hypermethylation is widespread during neoplastic alteration of prostate cells, suggesting that restoration of a normal prostate epigenome through treatment with demethylating drugs could be clinically beneficial. The main aim of this work was to identify new epigenetically downregulated CpG's in PCa, using the 450K cytosine microarray-based approach, followed by validation in a larger set of clinical samples. We used the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (Illumina) to consistently and significantly detect CpG methylation changes in prostate cancer tissues in comparison with morphological normal prostate tissue. The selected genomic regions were validated by pyrosequencing. The methylation data were subsequently confirmed at mRNA level using qRT-PCR. To prove the functional role of aberrant DNA methylation, we also performed a treatment with 5-Aza-2′-Deoxycytidine in PCa cell lines. Our work might provide new translational applications to the clinical management of PCa patients, based on of DNA methylation changes in PCa. Citation Format: Joao Ramalho-Carvalho, Rui Henrique, Sergi Sayols, Antonio Gomez, Carmen Jerónimo, Manel Esteller. Redefining the DNA methylome of prostate cancer using DNA methylation arrays. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4252. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4252
Chemotherapy of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Does not Preclude Use of Check-Point Blockade
Authors: A. Curioni Fontecedro, V. Cecconi, E. Felley Bosco, I. Schmitt-Opitz, W. Weder, R.A. Stahel, M. van den Broek, V. Tischler
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Pregnancy and Travel: The Risks of Hepatitis and Scuba Diving
Authors: R. Kelly Hill
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I enjoyed the excellent article by Drs Barry and Bia<sup>1</sup>entitled "Pregnancy and Travel," but as a hyperbaricist and scuba diving instructor/ trainer, I am concerned about their discussion on pregnancy and scuba diving. Their statement that "scuba diving to depths greater than 18 m (60 ft) is not considered safe" could be construed to imply that diving to lesser depths is safe for the pregnant diver, a position that is questionable. Though the studies they quoted on sheep fetuses showed no decompression sickness, sheep are often more resistant to decompression sickness than are humans, and studies involving other animal models have shown the fetus to be more sensitive to decompression sickness." Bolton and Alamo<sup>5</sup>have shown severe damage to animal fetuses exposed to pressurization, even when the mother did not develop decompression sickness. Human survey data indicate that though the respondents dove to an
THE CARE OF PREGNANT WOMEN.Read before the Association of American Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 1894.
Authors: WILLIAM B. DEWEES
Journal: JAMA (1894)

It is a stirring conviction with many reputable, earnest and progressive obstetricians, that the time has come when we must disclose our power to the world by increasing the usefulness of our labors; and begin to use it for the prevention, as well as for the alleviation, of the sufferings of pregnant women, as has not yet been done, or else get out of the way. In such an event, deliverance will come to this class of suffering women from another source; but woe to those of us who are found at ease with the assumption of this responsibility. The responsibility is tremendous, but the obstetrician can not evade it. He may selfishly shirk it; but it is absolutely out of his province to shift it. That it is our most sacred duty to purpose awakening the profession by arousing one another, until each and every member is fully astir
Generating Evidence on Best Practice in Long-term Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Jeremy M. Kahn, Shannon S. Carson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AN IMPROVED RECTAL DRESSING PAD AND BINDER
Authors: J. F. Montague
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Though it will be granted that the ordinary T-binder is one of the traditions of rectal surgery, frequent employment of it invariably leads to the conclusion that it is not a particularly convenient or efficient device with which to hold in place dressings applied to the perineum. In hospital practice T-binders have to be especially made; and since no two nurses have ever yet made them alike, much lack of uniformity occurs as to proportions, pattern and other details. In private practice they are expensive and often unobtainable. When in use they require pins with which to be fastened, and the latter occasionally spring open and cause much acute distress to the patient. Then too, when the T-binder is fastened in place it not infrequently shows much propensity to shift, thus lessening its efficacy as a dressing binder. Finally, the tails of the binder soon become soiled, necessitating the discarding
Exposing the Thyroid to Radiation: A Review of Its Current Extent, Risks, and Implications
Authors: Bridget Sinnott, Elaine Ron, Arthur B. Schneider
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2010)

Radiation exposure of the thyroid at a young age is a recognized risk factor for the development of differentiated thyroid cancer lasting for four decades and probably for a lifetime after exposure. Medical radiation exposure, however, occurs frequently, including among the pediatric population, which is especially sensitive to the effects of radiation. In the past, the treatment of benign medical conditions with external radiation represented the most significant thyroid radiation exposures. Today, diagnostic medical radiation represents the largest source of man-made radiation exposure. Radiation exposure related to the use of computerized tomography is rising exponentially, particularly in the pediatric population. There is direct epidemiological evidence of a small but significant increased risk of cancer at radiation doses equivalent to computerized tomography doses used today. Paralleling the increasing use of medical radiation is an increase in the incidence of papillary thyroid cancer. At present, it is unclear how much of this increase is related to increased detection of subclinical disease from the increased utilization of ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration, how much is due to a true increase in thyroid cancer, and how much, if any, can be ascribed to medical radiation exposure. Fortunately, the amount of radiation exposure from medical sources can be reduced. In this article we review the sources of thyroid radiation exposure, radiation risks to the thyroid gland, strategies for reducing radiation exposure to the thyroid, and ways that endocrinologists can participate in this effort. Finally, we provide some suggestions for future research directions.
Periodontal Infection, Systemic Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Ryan T. Demmer, Anthony Squillaro, Panos N. Papapanou, Michael Rosenbaum, William T. Friedewald, David R. Jacobs, Moïse Desvarieux
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Adverse microbial exposures might contribute to diabetogenesis. We hypothesized that clinical periodontal disease (a manifestation of microbial exposures in dysbiotic biofilms) would be related to insulin resistance among diabetes-free participants. The roles of inflammatory mediation and effect modification were also studied.
Abstract P3-01-01: Targeting glutamine metabolism in breast cancer for therapy
Authors: P Korangath, H Sadik, N Mori, F Wildes, Z Zhang, Z Bhujwalla, S Sukumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells is observed in different types of tumors including breast. Oncogenic signals aid changes in metabolism that provide selective advantage to the cancer cells to meet their energy requirements to accomplish rapid proliferation. The increased dependence on the glycolytic pathway for energy called the “Warburg effect” was reported by Otto Warburg several decades ago. Our recent understanding of cancer metabolism has thrown light on alternative energy sources, especially glutamine and other branched chain amino acids. The role of glutamine in breast cancer cell growth has not yet been studied extensively. In this study we found that a number of breast cancer cell lines, especially those negative for ER, PR, HER2, display a high dependence on glutamine for their survival and growth. Interestingly, most of these glutamine-dependent cell lines express high levels of c-myc protein. Consistent with their growth dependency on glutamine, transaminases responsible for entry of glutamine into the tricarboxylic acid cycle are transcriptionally up regulated under low glutamine conditions. Consequently, growth of these cancer cell lines was found to be specifically inhibited by the transaminase inhibitor, amino oxyacetate (AOA). Moreover, the AOA mediated cytotoxic effect was partially c-myc dependent. Through 1H-NMR studies of AOA-treated cells we show that in addition to glutamine, AOA treatment decreases the aspartate and alanine content in the cells. In line with these findings, exogenous supplementation with aspartate partially rescued the cells from the growth inhibitory effects of AOA. Flow cytometry analysis showed that AOA causes cell cycle arrest in the S phase. AOA also had significant inhibitory effect on in vivo growth of rapidly growing SUM 149 and SUM159 xenografts in immunodeficient mice. When combined with chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin and carboplatin, AOA inhibited growth of MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors more effectively than AOA alone. Lastly we present evidence that the cytotoxic effect of AOA is mediated through activation of the ER stress pathway, combined with depletion of key amino acids and likely, a reduction in the nucleoside pool in the cells. Our preclinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo, combined with development of intermediate markers of response, provide a strong rationale for testing AOA for therapy in Phase 0 clinical trials. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-01-01.
EfficientIn Vitro vectorial transport of a fluorescent conjugated bile acid analogue by polarized hepatic hybrid WIF-B and WIF-B9 cells
Authors: Pilar Bravo, Virginie Bender, Doris Cassio
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Efficient transport of bile acids, a typical characteristic of hepatocytes, is partially lost in most hepatoma cell lines and in normal hepatocytes after some days in culture. We have tested whether the polarized rat hepatoma-human fibroblast hybrid WIF (hybrids between W138 and Fao cells) cells previously obtained by our group were able to perform vectorial transport of the fluorescent bile acid derivative cholylglycylamidofluorescein (CGamF) towards the bile canaliculi (BC). Four different WIF clones were analyzed. All were well polarized, as shown by the formation of spherical and even tubular BC-like structures and by the restricted localization at the BC, visualized by immunofluorescence, of the apical membrane marker HA4, a possible bile acid carrier. WIF-B and its subclone WIF-B9 were found to accumulate CGamF in 65% to 75% of their BC. This transport was time, temperature, and partly sodium dependent and was inhibited by coincubation with the parental natural bile salt cholylglycine. Dinitrophenyl glutathione, a substrate of the canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter, did not inhibit CGamF canalicular secretion, whereas it greatly impaired the canalicular secretion of a non-bile acid organic anion, fluorescein, generated intracellularly from fluorescein diacetate. Confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of CGamF in the cytoplasm, supporting a transcellular route from medium to BC. In contrast, two other polarized clones exhibited a poor ability (WIF 12-6) or no ability (WIF12-1 TGδ) to vectorially transport CGamF. In conclusion, WIF-B and WIF-B9 exhibit not only structural but also functional polarity, at least as far as vectorial organic anion transport is concerned.
INCREASED EXPRESSION OF OXIDATION-SPECIFIC EPITOPES AND APOPTOSIS ARE HAPTOGLOBIN GENOTYPE DEPENDENT: IMPLICATIONS FOR PLAQUE PROGRESSION IN HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Purushothaman K-Raman, Meerarani Purushothaman, Andrew P. Levy, Valentin Fuster, Prakash Krishnan, Roxana Mehran, Annapoorna Kini, Patrick A. Lento, Karen Briley-Saebo, Samin K. Sharma, Pedro R. Moreno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Potent Oncolytic Activity of Raccoonpox Virus in the Absence of Natural Pathogenicity
Authors: Laura Evgin, Markus Vähä-Koskela, Julia Rintoul, Theresa Falls, Fabrice Le Boeuf, John W Barrett, John C Bell, Marianne M Stanford
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

A number of oncolytic virus (OV) candidates currently in clinical trials are human viruses that have been engineered to be safer for patient administration by limiting normal cell targeting and replication. The newest OVs include viruses that cause no disease in humans, yet still have natural tumor tropism. Raccoonpox virus (RCNV) is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus of Poxviridae and closely related to vaccinia virus, yet has no known pathogenicity in any mammalian species. A screen of cells from the NCI-60 cancer cell panel using growth curves demonstrated greater than a log increase in replication of RCNV in nearly 74% of the cell lines tested, similar to other tested OV poxviruses. In normal cell lines, pretreatment with interferon (IFN)-α/β resulted in significant inhibition of RCNV replication. In both xenograft and syngeneic models of solid tumors, injection of RCNV resulted in significantly slower tumor progression and increased survival of mice. RCNV treatment also prolonged survival in treatment-resistant models of brain tumors and decreased tumor burden by systemic administration in models of lung metastasis. A number of oncolytic virus (OV) candidates currently in clinical trials are human viruses that have been engineered to be safer for patient administration by limiting normal cell targeting and replication. The newest OVs include viruses that cause no disease in humans, yet still have natural tumor tropism. Raccoonpox virus (RCNV) is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus of Poxviridae and closely related to vaccinia virus, yet has no known pathogenicity in any mammalian species. A screen of cells from the NCI-60 cancer cell panel using growth curves demonstrated greater than a log increase in replication of RCNV in nearly 74% of the cell lines tested, similar to other tested OV poxviruses. In normal cell lines, pretreatment with interferon (IFN)-α/β resulted in significant inhibition of RCNV replication. In both xenograft and syngeneic models of solid tumors, injection of RCNV resulted in significantly slower tumor progression and increased survival of mice. RCNV treatment also prolonged survival in treatment-resistant models of brain tumors and decreased tumor burden by systemic administration in models of lung metastasis.