tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fulminant Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Aasef G. Shaikh, James H. Bates, Scott W. Yeates, Bashar Katirji, Michael W. Devereaux
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Partial Recovery of Peristalsis After Myotomy for Achalasia: Rethinking the Rule
Authors: Richard F. Heitmiller
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
An updated BODE index and a simplified ADO index predicted 3-year mortality in COPD better than the original BODE index
Authors: Christine F. McDonald
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Puhan MA, Garcia-Aymerich J, Frey M, et al. Expansion of the prognostic assessment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the updated BODE index and the ADO index. Lancet. 2009;374:704-11. 19716962
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the investigation of penile lymphangioma circumscriptum
Authors: G.E.N. Osborne, R.J.S. Chinn, N.D. Francis, C.B. Bunker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the investigation of penile lymphangioma circumscriptum Get access G.E.N. Osborne, G.E.N. Osborne Departments of Dermatology, Imperial College School of Medicine and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J.S. Chinn, R.J.S. Chinn Radiology, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.D. Francis, N.D. Francis Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, U.K. Correspondence: Dr G.E.N.Osborne, Specialist Registrar in Dermatology, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Correspondence: Dr G.E.N.Osborne, Specialist Registrar in Dermatology, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.B. Bunker C.B. Bunker Departments of Dermatology, Imperial College School of Medicine and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 2, 1 August 2000, Pages 467–468, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03695.x Published: 01 August 2000
Lipid lowering drugs.
Authors: P O'Connor, J Feely, J Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (1990)

the United States.It is likelv that L donovani was of animal origin, as were other members of the genus, and in Brazil, foxes are a significant animal reservoir.The sensitivity of the Brazilian disease to antimonial drugs does not fit with the resistance of the infantum subspecies found in Portugal.Today there are epidemics of kala-azar among poor children in favelas in cities of north eastern Brazil such as Teresina, Sao Lui and Santarem. Subclinical infectionsRecent work has shown that kala-azar is characterised in the acute phase by leishmania antigens inhibiting T cell function.T cell function is restored only after successful treatment, when the result of a skin test is positive.Longitudinal studies have shown that a proportion of the population in areas where leishinaniasis is endemic have a subclinical infection of L donovani and that malnutrition is an important factor determining whether the infection will become clinic- ally manifest.Malnutrition could be at least partly responsible for the occurrence of kala-azar in adult Indians and east Africans.It may be that leishmania is like Mycobacter-ium tuberculosis and never disappears completely once the amastigotes have established themselves in the body.Several patients who had never had any symptoms of the disease developed kala-azar after immunosuppression.I personally attended a man who developed kala- azar in England 14 years after he had left an area where it was endemic.Brazil's control programme for kala-azar incorpo- rates three measures: treating patients with the first line drug meglumine antimonate provided by the ministry, detecting and destroying infected dogs, and spraying homes and gardens with dicophane (DDT) to combat the vector Lutzomy,ia longipalpis.It has been suggested that under epidemic conditions most infected children should be treated at home rather than over- strain hospital services.This is logical as hospitals are full of bacterial pathogens to which patients with active kala-azar are very susceptible.Children tolerate anti- monial drugs better than adults, but certain basic rules must be obeyed.For outpatient treatment the daily injection is best given at the end of the day, so that the patients can rest afterwards, and it must be given slowly if administered intravenously.Patients with cardiac, renal, or hepatic dysfunction must be carefully screened before being given antimonial drugs and alcohol must be avoided during treatment.I shall have more to say about antimonial drugs in my next communication.
Evidence for enhanced vascular superoxide anion production in nitrate tolerance. A novel mechanism underlying tolerance and cross-tolerance.
Authors: T Münzel, H Sayegh, B A Freeman, M M Tarpey, D G Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

We sought to examine mechanisms underlying nitroglycerin (NTG) tolerance and "cross-tolerance" to other nitrovasodilators. Rabbits were treated for 3 d with NTG patches (0.4 mg/h) and their aortic segments studied in organ chambers. Relaxations were examined after preconstriction with phenylephrine. In NTG tolerant rabbit aorta, relaxations to cGMP-dependent vasodilators such as NTG (45 +/- 6%), SIN-1 (69 +/- 7%), and acetylcholine (ACh, 64 +/- 5%) were attenuated vs. controls, (90 +/- 2, 94 +/- 3, and 89 +/- 2% respectively, P < 0.05 for all), while responses to the cAMP-dependent vasodilator forskolin remained unchanged. In tolerant aorta, endothelial removal markedly enhanced relaxations to NTG and SIN-1 (82 +/- 4 and 95 +/- 3%, respectively). Other studies were performed to determine how the endothelium enhances tolerance. Vascular steady state .-O2 levels (assessed by lucigenin chemiluminescence) was increased twofold in tolerant vs. control vessels with endothelium (0.31 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.61 +/- 0.01 nmol/mg per minute). This difference was less in vessels after denudation of the endothelium. Diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of flavoprotein containing oxidases, and Tiron a direct .-O2 scavenger normalized .-O2 levels. In contrast, oxypurinol (1 mM) an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, rotenone (50 microM) an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport and NG-nitro-L-arginine (100 microM) an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase did not affect the chemiluminescence signals from NTG-tolerant aortas. Pretreatment of tolerant aorta with liposome-entrapped, pH sensitive superoxide dismutase (600 U/ml) significantly enhanced maximal relaxation in response to NTG, SIN-1, and ACh, and effectively reduced chemiluminescence signals. These studies show that continuous NTG treatment is associated with increased vascular .-O2-production and consequent inhibition of NO. mediated vasorelaxation produced by both exogenous and endogenous nitrovasodilators.
Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever — The Forgotten Cousin Strikes
Authors: Heinz Feldmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

More than 30 years after the discovery of Marburg virus as the causative agent of an outbreak of severe viral hemorrhagic fever in Germany and the former Yugoslavia in 1967, the long-forgotten pathogen has struck twice in the recent past, leaving no doubt about its survival in nature or its pathogenic potential. The first strike came in 1998 (and lasted until 2000), when Marburg virus hit a gold-mining community in the northeastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as discussed by Bausch and colleagues in this issue of the Journal (pages 909–919). A second outbreak followed in northern . . .
The Late Sir Harold Gillies
Authors: Robert H. Ivy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

To the Editor:—  InThe Journalfor Dec. 3, 1960, p. 1881, your correspondent in the United Kingdom mentions the recent deaths of 2 noted British surgeons, Sir Gordon Gordon Taylor and Sir Harold Gillies. The letter gives the impression that Gillies was the originator of the external skeletal fixation apparatus for the treatment of jaw fractures. In his book, however, he states that this was brought to his attention late in 1940 by F. W. Waknitz, an American member of the orthopedic unit and was a Roger Anderson apparatus intended for phalangeal fractures adapted for the purpose. Gillies made so many more significant contributions to plastic surgery, that it seems strange that this relatively minor item of technique should be singled out for special mention by your correspondent.  The basic principle of external pin fixation of fractures is believed to have been formulated originally by Parkhill, who in 1897
Salmeterol for the Prevention of High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Claudio Sartori, Yves Allemann, Hervé Duplain, Mattia Lepori, Marc Egli, Ernst Lipp, Damian Hutter, Pierre Turini, Olivier Hugli, Stéphane Cook, Pascal Nicod, Urs Scherrer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Pulmonary edema results from a persistent imbalance between forces that drive water into the air space and the physiologic mechanisms that remove it. Among the latter, the absorption of liquid driven by active alveolar transepithelial sodium transport has an important role; a defect of this mechanism may predispose patients to pulmonary edema. Beta-adrenergic agonists up-regulate the clearance of alveolar fluid and attenuate pulmonary edema in animal models.
Abstract 2934: Novel approach for treating neural crest derived tumors: Selective inhibition of ganglioside biosynthesis with small molecules
Authors: Xiaomei Bai, Tram Nguyen, Jillian Brown, Charles A. Glass, Sergio Duron, Shripad S. Bhagwat, Brett E. Crawford
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Neural crest derived tumors express high levels of a unique class of lipid linked glycan known as gangliosides. Gangliosides are involved in growth factor signaling by regulating complexes in lipid rafts. Genetic studies show that through aberrant expression of gangliosides, these tumors acquire aggressive growth properties. Prior to this research, the only ganglioside inhibitors identified were non-specific and broadly blocked virtually all glycolipid classes. These non-specific glycolipid inhibitors demonstrated anti-cancer activity in animal models of neural crest tumors. However, due to substantial off-target dose-limiting toxicity from lack of specificity for the ganglioside sub-class, they effectively cannot be used in humans for cancer treatment. Selective inhibition of gangliosides without affecting other glycan classes could potentially avoid these problems and provide an effective treatment for neural crest and other ganglioside-dependent tumors. To identify the first known selective inhibitors of gangliosides, we developed a novel molecular screening strategy for identifying selective small-molecule ganglioside inhibitors. This platform identified the first drug-like selective inhibitors of gangliosides. ZP10395, a lead compound, selectively and dose-dependently reduces gangliosides in multiple tumor cell lines and is 10-15 fold more potent than the existing non-specific inhibitors. Importantly, it does not inhibit other glycolipid classes associated with dose-limiting toxicity. Administering ZP10395 to a mouse xenograph melanoma model significantly reduced ganglioside production and slowed tumor growth in the presence of a reduced T-cell response. These results demonstrate the potential utility of specific ganglioside inhibitors for treating ganglioside dependent tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2934. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2934
Estimating Risk from Ambient Concentrations of Acrolein across the United States
Authors: Tracey J. Woodruff, Ellen M. Wells, Elizabeth W. Holt, Deborah E. Burgin, Daniel A. Axelrad
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Estimated ambient concentrations of acrolein, a hazardous air pollutant, are greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference concentration throughout the United States, making it a concern for human health. However, there is no method for assessing the extent of risk under the U.S. EPA noncancer risk assessment framework.We estimated excess risks from ambient concentrations of acrolein based on dose-response modeling of a study in rats with a relationship between acrolein and residual volume/total lung capacity ratio (RV/TLC) and specific compliance (sC(L)), markers for altered lung function.Based on existing literature, we defined values above the 90th percentile for controls as "adverse." We estimated the increase over baseline response that would occur in the human population from estimated ambient concentrations of acrolein, taken from the U.S. EPA's National-Scale Air Toxics Assessment for 1999, after standard animal-to-human conversions and extrapolating to doses below the experimental data.The estimated median additional number of adverse sC(L) outcomes across the United States was approximately 2.5 cases per 1,000 people. The estimated range of additional outcomes from the 5th to the 95th percentile of acrolein concentration levels across census tracts was 0.28-14 cases per 1,000. For RV/TLC, the median additional outcome was 0.002 per 1,000, and the additional outcome at the 95th percentile was 0.13 per 1,000.Although there are uncertainties in estimating human risks from animal data, this analysis demonstrates a method for estimating health risks for noncancer effects and suggests that acrolein could be associated with decreased respiratory function in the United States.
100 Citation Classics From The Journal of the American Medical Association
Authors: Eugene Garfield
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The 100 most-cited JAMA articles were identified using the 1955 through 1983 Science Citation Index of the Institute for Scientific Information. The most-cited article received 705 citations, while the least-cited article received 158. The oldest was published in 1910 and the most recent in 1976. These articles describe important medical advances in areas such as asbestos exposure, smoking, and oral contraceptives. Most of the 285 JAMA authors are Americans and include Baruch S. Blumberg and Edward A. Doisy, both Nobel laureates. Thirteen of the articles were included in JAMA's original landmark series; the editorial committee used a combination of peer review and citation frequency to select 51 articles.
Pharmaceutical Innovation: Incentives, Competition, and Cost-Benefit Analysis in International Perspective
Authors: Michael D. Hogue
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Editorial: Are Medical Schools neglecting clinical skills?
Authors: G. L. Engel
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Wiener and Nathanson report in this issue ofThe Journalon the large number of errors in interviewing and physical examination committed by medical house officers at a first-rank hospital.<sup>1</sup>It would be easy to dismiss such charges as unreliable and inconsequential; unreliable because they do not conform with some readers' personal impressions, inconsequential because some may consider clinical observation to have been rendered obsolete by the availability of modern diagnostic technology. Actually, this communication should provoke sober soul-searching among the medical profession. Is our much vaunted American medical educational system failing in its responsibility to prepare physicians in the most fundamental of all medical skills: clinical observation and clinical reasoning?<sup>2</sup> Unfortunately, the answer appears to be in the affirmative. Physicians reading this who have graduated in the last two decades need only recollect their own personal instruction as students in this area. In informal inquiries of medical
The Joys of Being a Loner
Authors: Hugh A. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Consumer advertising and doctors' prescribing
Authors: Steinar Madsen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Congenital muscular torticollis may present in late childhood or adulthood with cervical contractures, limited range of motion, pain, and muscular hypertrophy. Seven of eight pediatric and adult patients with congenital muscular torticollis were injected with botulinum toxin type A. Only two patients had a modest benefit with improved range of motion. Early recognition and treatment of congenital muscular torticollis is crucial to prevent subsequent contractures and other complications.
Angiographic studies of atrioventricular discordance.
Authors: F Attie, J Soni, J Ovseyevitz, L Muñoz-Castellanos, M R Testelli, A Buendia
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The results and value of conventional and axial angiocardiography were studied in 26 cases of atrioventricular discordance (AVD). The angiographic anatomy of this malformation was analyzed to determine the precise characteristics of atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial connections. The left and right ventricles in atrial situs solitus and levocardia show angiographic features that differ from those seen in atrial situs solitus and dextrocardia. The same differences are found in atrial situs inversus. Regardless of the type of ventriculoarterial connections, the ventricles maintain the same angiographic characteristics. The ventricular septum in AVD in situs solitus and levocardia and situs inversus and dextrocardia has a peculiar orientation. The use of axial angiocardiography facilitates detection and localization of the ventricular septal defect. In cases of malposition of the heart, the conventional frontal view allows visualization of the ventricular septum in all of its length. The axial projection is useful in diagnosing left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.