tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Asbestos
Authors: William R. Barclay
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Asbestos is a useful, even indispensable component of. many materials with which we come into daily contact. It has unique properties of heat resistance and durability and is cheap and abundant. Unfortunately, it is a serious threat to the health of those who handle it carelessly over a long period of time, and its dangers went unrecognized for many years after it was put into widespread use. The first ill effect to be recognized in asbestos workers was pulmonary fibrosis, termed<i>asbestosis</i>, and between 1906 and 1928, sporadic case reports of asbestosis appeared in the medical literature. These reports stimulated the Ministry of Labour in Great Britain to undertake a detailed study of asbestos workers. Merewether and Price<sup>1</sup>reported this study in 1930, and, of 363 asbestos textile workers examined, 26.2% were found to have roentgenographic evidence of pulmonary fibrosis. In 1937, the Public Health Service undertook a similar
IMPACT OF MECHANICAL DYSSYNCHRONY ON LONG TERM OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AND NON-LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK AFTER CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed, Josef Marek, Tetsuari Onishi, Toshinari Onishi, Samir Saba, David Schwartzman, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Medicine--A Technology or a Profession
Authors: S. M. K. Mallick
Journal: BMJ (1953)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To investigate the impact of including private-sector data on assessments of equity of coronary revascularisation provision using NHS data only. <h3>Design:</h3> Analyses of hospital episodes statistics and private-sector data by age, sex and primary care trust (PCT) of residence. For each PCT, the share of London’s total population and revascularisations (all admissions, NHS-funded, and privately-funded admissions) were calculated. Gini coefficients were derived to provide an index of inequality across subpopulations, with parametric bootstrapping to estimate confidence intervals. <h3>Setting:</h3> London. <h3>Participants:</h3> London residents undergoing coronary revascularisation April 2001–December 2003. <h3>Intervention:</h3> Coronary artery bypass graft or angioplasty. <h3>Main outcome measures:</h3> Directly standardised revascularisation rates, Gini coefficients. <h3>Results:</h3> NHS-funded age-standardised revascularisation rates varied from 95.2 to 193.9 per 100 000 and privately funded procedures from 7.6 to 57.6. Although the age distribution did not vary by funding, the proportion of revascularisations among women that were privately funded (11.0%) was lower than among men (17.0%). Privately funded rates were highest in PCTs with the lowest death rates (p = 0.053). NHS-funded admission rates were not related to deprivation nor age-standardised deaths rates from coronary heart disease. Privately funded admission rates were lower in more deprived PCTs. NHS provision was significantly more egalitarian (Gini coefficient 0.12) than the private sector (0.35). Including all procedures was significantly less equal (0.13) than NHS-funded care alone. <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Private provision exacerbates geographical inequalities. Those responsible for commissioning care for defined populations must have access to consistent data on provision of treatment wherever it takes place.
Simple models predicted 10-year fracture risk in older women as accurately as more complex FRAX models
Authors: Robert P. Kauffman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club16 March 2010Simple models predicted 10-year fracture risk in older women as accurately as more complex FRAX modelsRobert P. Kauffman, MDRobert P. Kauffman, MDTexas Tech University School of Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, USA (R.P.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-6-201003160-02013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationEnsrud KE, Lui LY, Taylor BC, et al. A comparison of prediction models for fractures in older women: is more better? Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:2087-94. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20008691Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Geriatrics: Rheumatology: References1 Kanis JA, Oden A, Johansson H, et al. FRAX and its applications to clinical practice. Bone. 2009;44:734-43. [PMID: 19195497] Google Scholar2 Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Kiel DP, Dawson-Hughes B, et al. Dietary calcium and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in relation to BMD among U.S. adults. J Bone Miner Res. 2009;24:935-42. [PMID: 19113911] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Texas Tech University School of Medicine, Amarillo, Texas, USA (R.P.K.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 March 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByWHO absolute fracture risk models (FRAX): Do clinical risk factors improve fracture prediction in older women without osteoporosis? 16 March 2010Volume 152, Issue 6Page: JC3-13KeywordsBoneBone densityHipHip fracturesMedical risk factorsOsteoporosisVitamin DVitamin D deficiency ePublished: 16 March 2010 Issue Published: 16 March 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Acute Pharmacodynamic Effects of Glucocorticoids
Authors: MOHINDER P. SAMBHI, MAX H. WEIL, VASANT N. UDHOJI
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Cardiac output and intravascular pressure were measured before and after large doses of glucocorticosteroids administered intravenously to nine normal subjects and nine patients in shock. Glucocorticoids caused a sustained increase in cardiac output and a decrease in calculated peripheral resistance. No changes in mean arterial and venous pressures were observed. Possible mechanisms underlying these pharmacologic effects and their implications for the treatment of shock are discussed.
The industrial production and use of 1,3-butadiene.
Authors: N L Morrow
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

This presentation provides a brief overview of the production and use of 1,3-butadiene in the United States. Starting as a coproduct of ethylene, the 1,3-butadiene monomer is extracted and purified, then transferred to consumers. Major uses of 1,3-butadiene include the manufacture of styrene-butadiene rubber, polybutadiene rubber, and adiponitrile.
(4) Oral pemphigus vulgaris in a 13-year-old girl
Authors: A. ANSTEY, D. LOWE, J. SALISBURY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article (4) Oral pemphigus vulgaris in a 13‐year‐old girl Get access A. ANSTEY, A. ANSTEY Departments of Dermatology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. LOWE, D. LOWE Departments of Histopathology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. SALISBURY J. SALISBURY Departments of Dermatology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 125, Issue s38, 1 July 1991, Pages 46–47, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb05476.x Published: 01 July 1991
Cause of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Authors: H. Hunter Handsfield
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  The SPECIAL COMMUNICATION by Sonnabend and colleagues 1 is an eloquent argument for one of the two major theories on the etiology of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), namely, that repeated exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV), semen, or other antigens results in progressive cellular immunodeficiency. However, the authors gave inadequate weight to the other major hypothesis, that a novel virus has a primary etiologic role. Perhaps the strongest argument in favor of the virus theory is the occasional occurrence of AIDS in persons without obvious antigenic hyperexposure, such as children or nonpromiscuous sexual partners of the affected persons. On the other hand, there also are several features of the AIDS outbreak that are not easily explained by the transmissible virus hypothesis. Among these is the absence to date of nosocomial transmission to health professionals and hospital personnel; analogous to hepatitis B, I would have expected some such cases to
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor participates in extracellular matrix production in the late stage of remodeling after vascular injury
Authors: H Eto
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation is important in restenosis after angioplasty. Underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated, especially in vivo. We investigated expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ATR1) in a rat model for up to 24 weeks after vascular injury, and also the effect of an ATR1 antagonist on neointimal thickening and ECM production.Carotid arteries of rats were injured with a balloon catheter and then removed at 2, 5, and 7 days and 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after injury. Although ATR1 immunoreactivity was slightly detectable in smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the media of uninjured arteries, reactivity was strong in neointimal SMC even 24 weeks after injury. Western blotting demonstrated similar results. ATR1 mRNA also was upregulated in neointimal SMC even 24 weeks after injury, as indicated by RT-PCR and by in situ hybridization. Candesartan, an ATR1 antagonist, significantly inhibited histologically evident neointimal thickening and collagen and elastin accumulation at 8 weeks after injury whether given beginning 1 day before injury, 4 days after injury, or 7 days after injury.ATR1 is upregulated in the late stage of remodeling after vascular injury and is important in ECM production.
Pre-treatment with heparin prior to thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase and rt-PA in evolving acute myocardial infarction — Early and longterm results
Authors: Hylton I. Miller, Arie Roth, Avraham Pardess, Yaron Almegor, Boris Shargorodsky, Gavriel Barbash, Shlamo Laniado
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Chronic atrial fibrillation and stroke in paced patients with sick sinus syndrome. Relevance of clinical characteristics and pacing modalities.
Authors: E B Sgarbossa, S L Pinski, J D Maloney, T W Simmons, B L Wilkoff, L W Castle, R G Trohman
Journal: Circulation (1993)

The goal of the report was to study the long-term incidence and the independent predictors for chronic atrial fibrillation and stroke in 507 paced patients with sick sinus syndrome, adjusting for differences in baseline clinical variables with multivariate analysis.From 1980 to 1989, we implanted 376 dual-chamber, 19 atrial, and 112 ventricular pacemakers to treat patients with sick sinus syndrome. After a maximum follow-up of 134 months (mean: 59 +/- 38 months for chronic atrial fibrillation, 65 +/- 37 months for stroke), actuarial incidence of chronic atrial fibrillation was 7% at 1 year, 16% at 5 years, and 28% at 10 years. Independent predictors for this event, from Cox's proportional hazards model, were history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (P < .001; hazard ratio [HR] = 16.84), use of antiarrhythmic drugs before pacemaker implant (P < .001; HR = 2.25), ventricular pacing mode (P = .003; HR = 1.98), age (P = .005; HR = 1.03), and valvular heart disease (P = .008; HR = 2.05). For patients with preimplant history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, independent predictors were prolonged episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (P < .001; HR = 2.56), long history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (P = .004; HR = 2.05), ventricular pacing mode (P = .025; HR = 1.69), use of antiarrhythmic drugs before pacemaker implant (P = .024; HR = 1.71), and age (P = .04; HR = 1.02). Actuarial incidence of stroke was 3% at 1 year, 5% at 5 years, and 13% at 10 years. Independent predictors for stroke were history of cerebrovascular disease (P < .001; HR = 5.22), ventricular pacing mode (P = .008; HR = 2.61), and history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (P = .037; HR = 2.81).Development of chronic atrial fibrillation and stroke in paced patients with sick sinus syndrome are strongly determined by clinical variables and secondarily by the pacing modality. Ventricular pacing mode predicts chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with preimplant paroxysmal atrial fibrillation but not in those without it.
Arterial occlusion after cannulation.
Authors: P J Evans, J H Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The occurrence of ischaemic changes, arterial occlusion, and other complications which may follow percutaneous arterial cannulation was assessed in a survey of 155 patients. No patient complained of or had signs of ischaemic damage though signs of arterial occlusion were found in 33 patients (22%). These signs were significantly more common after periods of cannulation greater than six hours (43%) than after less than six hours cannulation (17%). During recovery from occlusion all patients had palpable pulsation over the artery even though blood flow seemed to be absent. By the end of follow-up blood flow had returned in 19 of the 33 occluded arteries.
The basophil activation test in wasp venom allergy: sensitivity, specificity and monitoring specific immunotherapy
Authors: S. M. Erdmann, B. Sachs, R. Kwiecien, S. Moll‐Slodowy, I. Sauer, H. F. Merk
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: As in vitro diagnosis of wasp venom sensitization by specific serum IgE has a sensitivity of only 60–80%, additional in vitro tests are desirable. Basophil activation is associated with the expression of CD63 and its measurement has been proposed as a novel in vitro test for immediate‐type allergy. Furthermore, to date, no in vitro test exists to monitor successful specific immunotherapy (SIT) with wasp venom. Therefore, the potentially harmful sting challenge is still recommended. Objective: We compared the CD63‐based basophil activation test (BAT) in the diagnosis of wasp venom allergy with skin tests and measurement of specific IgE. Furthermore, we investigated whether BAT can predict the outcome of the sting challenge in patients on SIT. Methods: Fifty patients with a systemic reaction caused by a wasp sting and 20 controls were studied. Intracutaneous tests were performed with wasp and bee venom in the suspected allergics. Specific IgE was determined by the CAP‐FEIA method and basophil activation by flow cytometry upon double staining with anti‐IgE/anti‐CD63 mAb. Twenty‐five patients were sting challenged 6 months after starting SIT and the BAT was repeated before challenge. Results: Sensitivity of the intracutaneous tests, specific IgE and BAT was 100, 76, and 92%, respectively. Specificity of specific IgE and the BAT was 85 and 80%, respectively. The cut‐off for a positive BAT was 15% CD63+ basophils. There was a positive correlation between IgE reactivity to wasp venom and the number of CD63+ basophils ( r = 0.65). Although no patient had a systemic reaction upon sting challenge, in most subjects basophil activation did not decrease when compared with the BAT before SIT. Conclusions: Quantitation of basophil activation by CD63 expression is a valuable new in vitro method for diagnosis of allergy to hymenopteran venoms. The CD63‐based BAT is a helpful tool for the complementation of routine diagnostic tests such as specific IgE as it increases sensitivity of in vitro detection of sensitization. However, this in vitro method does not offer an alternative to the sting challenge in monitoring successful SIT.
Human Mucin 1 Oncoprotein Represses Transcription of the <i>p53</i> Tumor Suppressor Gene
Authors: Xiaolong Wei, Hai Xu, Donald Kufe
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The mucin 1 (MUC1) heterodimeric protein is aberrantly overexpressed in human breast cancers and induces transformation. The MUC1 COOH-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) is targeted to the nucleus of transformed cells, where it interacts with p53 and regulates p53-mediated transcription. The present studies show that MUC1 represses activation of the p53 gene and that MUC1-C occupies the PE21 element in the p53 proximal promoter. Previous work has shown that the Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) transcription factor represses p53 transcription by binding to the PE21 element. Our results show that MUC1-C binds constitutively to KLF4, occupies PE21 with KLF4, and enhances the KLF4 occupancy of PE21. The results also show that MUC1-C increases the recruitment of histone deacetylases 1/3, deacetylation of core histones, and repression of p53 transcription. These findings indicate that overexpression of MUC1, as found in human breast cancer cells, is of functional importance to repression of the p53 gene. [Cancer Res 2007;67(4):1853–8]
Localization of non-specific esterase and endogenous peroxidase in the murine epidermal Langerhans' cells
Authors: T. MARUYAMA, H. UDA, M. YOKOYAMA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

The localization of the enzymatic activity of non-specific esterase and endogenous peroxidase of the Langerhans' cells in murine epidermal sheets separated with EDTA was observed by means of light and electron microscopy. The Langerhans' cells exhibited non-specific esterase activity in the outer portion of the plasma membrane and endogenous peroxidase activity in the nuclear envelope and the endoplasmic reticulum.
STUDIES OF THE TRANSMISSIBLE AGENT OF THE ROUS CHICKEN SARCOMA I
Authors: David Shemin, E. E. Sproul, James W. Jobling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

The viscosity of Rous sarcoma extracts can be reduced with a polysaccharide enzyme isolated from pneumococcus or testis without destruction of the active agent and thus more concentrated active filtrates can be obtained. The active agent can be precipitated with basic proteins. The basic protein can be separated from the components originally coming from the tumor filtrate by electrophoresis.
Usefulness of currently available methods for the diagnosis of <i>Anisakis simplex</i> allergy
Authors: S. Lorenzo, R. Iglesias, J. Leiro, F. M. Ubeira, I. Ansotegui, M. García, L. Fernández de Corres
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background : Serodiagnosis of anisakiosis and Anisakis allergy is difficult since many Anisakis antigens show cross‐reactivity complications. In the present study, we assess the usefulness of the major immunologic methods currently available for the diagnosis of Anisakis allergy. Methods : Four tests (skin prick test, CAP‐FEIA system, Western blotting, and an antigen‐capture ELISA using O ‐deglycosylated antigen bound by the monoclonal antibody UA3) were applied to Anisakis ‐free subjects and subjects with confirmed Anisakis allergy. Results : The skin prick test, CAP‐FEIA, and the antigen‐capture ELISA identified Anisakis allergy sera with 100% sensitivity, while Western blotting showed 96% sensitivity. The antigen‐capture ELISA also showed 100% specificity, but CAP‐FEIA showed a specificity of only 50%. In Western blotting, none of the bands detected were specific for either Anisakis ‐free or Anisakis allergy subjects. The skin prick test was not applied to the Anisakis ‐free subjects, so its specificity could not be determined. Conclusions : On the basis of these results, we suggest that the most appropriate procedure for diagnosis of Anisakis allergy suspected on clinical grounds is the antigen‐capture ELISA using UA3, or, alternatively, a preliminary skin prick test with a positive result subsequently confirmed by UA3‐ELISA.
Beware of First Impressions
Authors: Oluwaseun O. Falade, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Daniel R. Kaul, Sanjay Saint, Patrick A. Murphy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 64-year-old Filipino man presented to a Baltimore hospital with a 4-month history of worsening midback pain, progressive leg weakness, and intermittent bladder and bowel incontinence. He had no fever or pulmonary symptoms.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Amplicon Vector-Mediated siRNA Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibits Growth of Human Glioma Cells in Vivo
Authors: Okay Saydam, Daniel L. Glauser, Irma Heid, Gulen Turkeri, Monika Hilbe, Andreas H. Jacobs, Mathias Ackermann, Cornel Fraefel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

In primary glioblastomas and other tumor types, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently observed with alterations, such as amplification, structural rearrangements, or overexpression of the gene, suggesting an important role in glial tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, we investigated whether posttranscriptional gene silencing by vector-mediated RNAi to inhibit EGFR expression can reduce the growth of cultured human gli36 glioma cells. To "knock down" EGFR expression, we have created HSV-1-based amplicons that contain the RNA polymerase III-dependent H1 promoter to express double-stranded hairpin RNA directed against EGFR at two different locations (pHSVsiEGFR I and pHSVsiEGFR II). We demonstrate that both pHSVsiEGFR I and pHSVsiEGFR II mediated knock-down of transiently transfected full-length EGFR or endogenous EGFR in a dose-dependent manner. The knock-down of EGFR resulted in the growth inhibition of human glioblastoma (gli36-luc) cells both in culture and in athymic mice in vivo. Cell cycle analysis and annexin V staining revealed that siRNA-mediated suppression of EGFR induced apoptosis. Overall HSV-1 amplicons can mediate efficient and specific posttranscriptional gene silencing.
Prospective cohort study of predictors of incident low back pain in nurses
Authors: J. Smedley, P. Egger, C. Cooper, D. Coggon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the impact of handling patients and indicators of individual susceptibility on risk of low back pain in nurses. <b>Design:</b> Prospective cohort study with follow up by repeated self administered questionnaires every three months over two years. <b>Setting:</b> NHS university hospitals trust. <b>Subjects:</b> 961 female nurses who had been free from low back pain for at least one month at the time of completing a baseline questionnaire. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Incidence of new low back pain during follow up and of pain leading to absence from work. <b>Results:</b> Of 838 women who provided data suitable for analysis, 322 (38%) developed low back pain during follow up (mean 18.6 months), including 93 (11%) whose pain led to absence from work. The strongest predictor of new low back pain was earlier history of the symptom, and risk was particularly high if previous pain had lasted for over a month in total and had occurred within the 12 months before entry to the study (incidence during follow up 66%). Frequent low mood at baseline was strongly associated with subsequent absence from work for back pain (odds ratio 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 8.2). After adjustment for earlier history of back pain and other potential confounders, risk was higher in nurses who reported frequent manual transfer of patients between bed and chair, manual repositioning of patients on the bed, and lifting patients in or out of the bath with a hoist. <b>Conclusions:</b> Of the indicators of individual susceptibility that were examined, only history of back trouble was sufficiently predictive to justify selective exclusion of some applicants for nursing posts. The main route to prevention of back disorders among nurses is likely to lie in improved ergonomics. <h3>Key messages</h3> A history of back trouble, particularly if recent and prolonged, is highly predictive of new episodes of back pain There are grounds for excluding nurses with recent and prolonged back pain from the most physically demanding jobs Age, height, and weight are not sufficiently discriminatory for risk of back pain to influence selection and appointment of nurses Back pain is more common in nurses who lift and move patients frequently without the use of mechanical aids Controlled trials are needed to assess the benefits of ergonomic intervention aimed at prevention of back pain in nurses
Alternating Mitomycin C and BCG Instillations versus BCG Alone in Treatment of Carcinoma in Situ of the Urinary Bladder: A Nordic Study
Authors: Eero Kaasinen, Hans Wijkström, Per-Uno Malmström, Sverker Hellsten, Milos Duchek, Oddvar Mestad, Erkki Rintala
Journal: European Urology (2003)