tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol-hirudin in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: Katrin Annett Pöschel, Elke Bucha, Hans-U Esslinger, Peter Nörtersheuser, Ute Jansa, Sabine Schindler, Götz Nowak, Günter Stein
Journal: Kidney International (2000)
Plasma ACTH-response to the corticotropin releasing factor in patients with Cushing's disease. Comparison with the lysine-vasopressin test
Authors: Anna Catania, Luigi Cantalamessa, Alessandra Orsatti, Giuseppina Mosca, Francesca Minonzio, Paola Motta, Eugenio Reschini, Carlo Zanussi
Journal: Metabolism (1984)
Histological and genetic heterogeneity in synchronous hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: F CETTA
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—The recent paper by Sirivatanauksorn et al ((1999) Gut 45:761–5; [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]) focused once again on the unresolved question as to whether (i) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in human liver develops from a single clone or from multiple parallel clones and (ii) among multiple tumour nodules present in many patients, the smaller lesions represent intrahepatic metastases or "de novo" cancers. The authors correctly acknowledge that "information on the clonal origin of tumours will influence management strategies for prevention of recurrence after operation". They used arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR)1 to compare the DNA fingerprint of HCCs and regenerative nodules (RNs) removed from 13 cirrhotic explant livers. They found considerable genomic heterogeneity in 54 HCCs and 31 RNs that were microdissected. No two nodules (either RNs or HCCs) … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DNucleic%2BAcids%2BResearch%26rft.stitle%253DNucleic%2BAcids%2BRes%26rft.aulast%253DWelsh%26rft.auinit1%253DJ.%26rft.volume%253D18%26rft.issue%253D24%26rft.spage%253D7213%26rft.epage%253D7218%26rft.atitle%253DFingerprinting%2Bgenomes%2Busing%2BPCR%2Bwith%2Barbitrary%2Bprimers%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1093%252Fnar%252F18.24.7213%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F2259619%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1093/nar/18.24.7213&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=2259619&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F49%2F1%2F155.2.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=A1990EQ47900001&link_type=ISI
Pain perception in competitive swimmers.
Authors: V Scott, K Gijsbers
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The pain perception of 30 competitive swimmers was studied using experimentally induced ischaemic pain. The pain thresholds and tolerances of this group were compared with those of 30 club swimmers and 26 non-competitive athletes. While pain thresholds showed little difference between the groups, pain tolerances were considerably different. Pain tolerances of the competitive swimmers varied according to the stage of the training season. The relation between ischaemic pain and that experienced during swimming training was studied using a pain questionnaire composed of several systematically structured verbal categories. Both types of pain were classified along similar dimensions, and it was concluded that the experimentally demonstrated pain tolerances could be generalized to the normal pain perception of the subjects. The origins of the enhanced pain tolerances of the competitive swimmers would seem to lie in their systematic exposure to brief periods of intense pain. These data could have relevance for the treatment of chronic pain in certain diseases.
Gamma camera quantitation of thallium-210 redistribution at rest in a dog model.
Authors: R M Steingart, R Bontemps, J Scheuer, T Yipintsoi
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Defects seen at rest on thallium-201 (201TI) scintigraphy can disappear over time. We obtained sequential 5-minute scans over 127 +/- 9.4 minutes in seven open-chest dogs with fixed, stable regional flow reductions (normal zone flow 0.76 +/- 0.09 ml g-1/min, ischemic zone flow 0.49 +/- 0.04 ml g-1 min [mean +/- SEM], p less than 0.05) as determined by microsphere injection. Sequential 5-minute scans were obtained after i.v. injection of 1.5 mCi of 201TI. Data were stored in a 64 x 64 pixel computer matrix. Qualitatively, defects that showed redistribution were seen in all dogs. Quantitatively, greater count loss from peak activity distinguished the normal zone, but overlap was great. Alternate quantitative methods using background subtraction altered the characteristics of the time-activity curves, but did not enhance the separation of ischemic from normal zones. Patterns of 201TI redistribution from gamma camera imaging are profoundly influenced by the method of quantitation. No single method of quantitative analysis separated ischemic from normal zones in all dogs. The clinical significance of patterns at rest requires redefinition.
Meckel's Diverticulum
Authors: Warren G. Atwood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE presence of an appendage or diverticulum in the small intestine was observed by Lavater1 as early as 1672. In 1700, Littré described a structure that was probably a true congenital diverticulum, but stated that the appendage lacked the usual muscular coats.2 Both Ruysh and Mery recorded the phenomenon in 1701.3 Ruysh was the first to name it "diverticulum," and his Thesaurus Anatomicus contains an illustration of this blind sac. Morgagni4 in 1769 mentioned several cases of diverticulum of the ileum and suggested their embryologic origin, having previously noticed this type of diverticulum in geese. Sandifort5 described a case of . . .
Hemoglobin Hamilton or α<sub>2</sub>β<sub>2</sub>11(a8)Val→Ile: A silent β‐chain variant detected by triton X‐100 acid‐urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
Authors: S. C. Wong, M. A. M. Ali, H. Lam, B. B. Webber, J. B. Wilson, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1984)

A silent beta-chain hemoglobin variant, not detectable by starch gel or agar gel electrophoresis was found using Triton X-100 acid-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The abnormal beta-X chain had a more anodic electrophoretic mobility; 38% of the total beta chain was of the abnormal type. Structural analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography and microsequencing procedures indicated a valine to isoleucine substitution at position beta 11(A8). This anomaly did not change the functional properties of the hemoglobin molecule. A mild reticulocytosis was observed in the propositus.
Reply to Leah Bensimon, Samy Suissa, and Laurent Azoulay's Letter to the Editor re: Daniel E. Spratt, Chi Zhang, Zachary S. Zumsteg, Xin Pei, Zhigang Zhang, Michael J. Zelefsky. Metformin and Prostate Cancer: Reduced Development of Castration-resistant Disease and Prostate Cancer Mortality. Eur Urol 2013;63:709–16
Authors: Daniel E. Spratt, Zhigang Zhang, Michael J. Zelefsky
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Timing of mortality among internally displaced persons due to the tsunami in Sri Lanka: cross sectional household survey
Authors: Nobuyuki Nishikiori, Tomoko Abe, Dehiwala G M Costa, Samath D Dharmaratne, Osamu Kunii, Kazuhiko Moji
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To describe the distribution of mortality among internally displaced persons during two and a half months after the Indian Ocean tsunami, 2004. <b>Design</b> Cross sectional household survey with retrospective cohort analysis of mortality. <b>Setting</b> Camps for internally displaced persons due to the tsunami in an eastern coastal district of Sri Lanka. <b>Participants</b> 3533 people from 859 households accommodated in 13 camps. <b>Main outcome measures</b> All cause death and number of missing people. <b>Results</b> 446 deaths and 11 missing people were reported after the 2004 tsunami, of which most (99%) occurred on the day of the tsunami or within three days thereafter. No deaths were reported for the two and a half month period starting one week after the tsunami. <b>Conclusions</b> Most mortality after the 2004 tsunami occurred within the first few days of the disaster and was low in the study area.
Role of the endothelium in modulation of the acetylcholine vasoconstrictor response in porcine coronary microvessels
Authors: P. R Myers, P. F Banitt, R. Guerra, D. G Harrison
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

The aim was to investigate the role of the endothelium in modulating the acetylcholine response in porcine coronary microvessels and compare the results with simultaneously studied large coronary arteries.Coronary microvessels [104 (SEM 3.3) microns; range 38-150] were removed from fresh porcine hearts and studied in vitro during no flow constant pressure conditions. Endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) activity and the role of the endothelium in modulating the acetylcholine response in microvessels was assessed by measuring changes in intraluminal diameter using a video tracking device. Large coronary arteries were simultaneously studied using conventional isometric ring techniques.Fresh porcine hearts were obtained from a local slaughterhouse.Acetylcholine was a potent vasoconstrictor (EC50 = 0.17 microM) of passively distended microvessels. The effects of EDRF were studied by either inactivation with haemoglobin or inhibition of EDRF synthesis with N-omega-nitro-L-arginine. Preconstricted microvessels exposed to either N-omega-nitro-L-arginine or haemoglobin constricted further, consistent with basal release of EDRF. Neither drug affected passively distended microvessels. The acetylcholine vasoconstrictor response was potentiated after exposure of microvessels to either drug. Atropine, but not indomethacin, blocked the acetylcholine response in microvessels. As with microvessels, acetylcholine was a vasoconstrictor (EC50 = 0.3 microM) of large coronary arteries. In contrast to microvessels, indomethacin antagonised acetylcholine vasoconstriction in vessels with intact endothelium. Bioassay experiments using indomethacin-treated large epicardial donor artery segments showed basal release of EDRF but no EDRF release in response to acetylcholine.The results show the microvessels and large coronary arteries are similar in their vasoconstrictor response to acetylcholine, that both release EDRF basally, and that vasoconstriction to acetylcholine is importantly modulated by the endothelium. In large arteries, acetylcholine does not stimulate EDRF release and, in contrast to microvessels, a cyclo-oxygenase product influences the vasoconstrictor action of acetylcholine.
822 PRECLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HEPATITIS C VIRUS NS5B POLYMERASE NON-NUCLEOSIDE INHIBITOR BI 207127
Authors: P.L. Beaulieu, P.C. Anderson, C. Brochu, M. Bos, M. Cordingley, J. Duan, M. Garneau, L. Lagrace, M. Marquis, G. McKercher, B. Poupart, J. Rancourt, T. Stammers, Y.S. Tsantrizos, G. Kukolj
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Interplay between the Nuclear Receptor Pregnane X Receptor and the Uptake Transporter Organic Anion Transporter Polypeptide 1A2 Selectively Enhances Estrogen Effects in Breast Cancer
Authors: Henriette E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Rommel G. Tirona, Cindy S. Yip, Richard H. Ho, Richard B. Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The ligand-activated nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) is known to play a role in the regulated expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Recent studies suggest a potential clinically relevant role of PXR in breast cancer. However, the relevant pathway or target genes of PXR in breast cancer biology and progression have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we show that mRNA expression of organic anion transporter polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2), a transporter capable of mediating the cellular uptake of estrogen metabolites, is nearly 10-fold greater in breast cancer compared with adjacent healthy breast tissues. Immunohistochemistry revealed exclusive expression of OATP1A2 in breast cancer tissue. Interestingly, treatment of breast cancer cells in vitro with the PXR agonist rifampin induced OATP1A2 expression in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. Consistent with its role as a hormone uptake transporter, induction of OATP1A2 was associated with increased uptake of estrone 3-sulfate. The rifampin response was abrogated after small interfering RNA targeting of PXR. We then identified a PXR response element in the human OATP1A2 promoter, located ∼5.7 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site. The specificity of PXR-OATP1A2 promoter interaction was confirmed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Importantly, we used a novel potent and specific antagonist of PXR (A-792611) to show the reversal of the rifampin effect on the cellular uptake of E1S. These data provide important new insights into the interplay between a xenobiotic nuclear receptor PXR and OATP1A2 that could contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer and may also prove to be heretofore unrecognized targets for breast cancer treatment. [Cancer Res 2008;68(22):9338–47]
METABOLIC STUDIES IN PARALYTIC ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS. II. ALTERATIONS IN CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM 1
Authors: G. Donald Whedon, Ephraim Shorr, Vincent Toscani, Estelle Stevens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1957)

Further evidence of the extensive effects of in- fection with the poliomyelitis virus upon many bodily systems is presented in this paper, the sec- PROCEDURE Plan and procedure of these studies were outlined in the first paper in the series (1).The present report is based on data of the same nine patients, who were studied for from five to nine months on the Metabolism Ward of the Russell Sage Institute of Pathology and New York Hospital.Study was begun early in the acute phase in four of the nine.Consecutive metabolic data are given in tables in Ap- pendix A. Paralysis ranged in degree and extent from moderately marked to severe.Detailed case summaries are given in Appendix B. Patients' care and therapy 967
Fluothane: A Non-explosive Volatile Anaesthetic Agent
Authors: R. Bryce-Smith, H. D. O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (1956)

Fluothane" is a new volatile anaesthetic agent devel- oped and manufactured by Imperial Chemical Industries (Raventos, 1956; Raventos and Suckling, 1956).It is the most promising member of a series of agents with non-flammable and non-explosive properties which are being investigated independently by the Medical Research Council.It is a clear, colourless, heavy liquid with a specific gravity of 1860 (cf.chloroform 1500), a boiling-point of 510 C., and a sweetish odour not unlike that of chloroform.Chemically, it is a halogenated ethane with the structural formula F Br F--C-C--Cl
The Gross and Minute Anatomy of the Central Nervous System.
Authors: Hermon C. Gordinier
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A CASE OF EXOPHTHALMIC GOITRE, WITH REMARKS ON THE PROBABLE NATURE OF THE DISEASE
Authors: H. T. Dufton
Journal: BMJ (1906)

MOTOR PARALYSIS DUE TO PERIPHERAL NEURITIS.LAPRIL 21, i196.been elucidated.The results described above do, however, show the prophylactic importance of slow decom- pression, and suggest that with careful attention to various details the upper limits of pressure, both for caissons and diving operations, can be much extended.
Does Heavy Marijuana Use Impair Human Cognition and Brain Function?
Authors: Robert I. Block
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Pope and Yurgelun-Todd<sup>1</sup>report that frequent marijuana users, relative to less frequent users, show impairments in mental flexibility and abstraction, as well as some aspects of learning. Their study is important and timely. Following well over a decade of generally declining use, marijuana's popularity has increased markedly among US youth in the last 3 to 4 years,<sup>2</sup>prompting renewed concerns about the drug's possible health consequences. In December 1994, US Department of Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala announced a department-wide initiative on marijuana, as part of which the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) last year convened the first-ever National Conference on Marijuana Use: Prevention, Treatment, and Research. At this conference, Shalala and NIDA Director Alan Leshner emphasized that marijuana use has significant health consequences and that scientific information about the drug's dangers should be communicated to youth and parents.
Association of amino acid sequences in the HLA-DQB1 first domain with antitopoisomerase I autoantibody response in scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis).
Authors: J D Reveille, E Durban, M J MacLeod-St Clair, R Goldstein, R Moreda, R D Altman, F C Arnett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Previous studies in Caucasians with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) have suggested associations of antitopoisomerase I (antitopo I) autoantibodies with either serologically defined HLA-DR2 or DR5. To better define class II HLA associations with the antitopo I response, 161 PSS patients (132 Caucasians and 29 American blacks) were studied for antitopo I autoantibodies by immunodiffusion and immunoblotting, and their HLA-DRB1, DRB3, DQA1, and DQB1 alleles were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis and DNA oligotyping. Among Caucasians with antitopo I, HLA-DR5(DRB1*1101-*1104), DRB3*0202 and DQw3 (DQw7,8,9) were significantly increased in frequency. In American blacks, however, only HLA-DQB1*0301(DQw7) was significantly increased. The presence of HLA-DQB1*0301(DQw7) and other HLA-DQB1 alleles bearing the uncharged polar amino acid residue tyrosine at position 30 of the outermost domain was found in all antitopo I-positive Caucasian PSS patients compared with 66% of antitopo I-negative PSS patients (pc = 0.007) and 70% of normal controls (pc = 0.008), as well as all antitopo I-positive black patients. The association with HLA-DQB1 was independent of HLA-DR5(DRB1*1101-*1104) or any other HLA-DRB1, DRB3, or DQA1 alleles. Alternative or additional candidate epitopes for this autoimmune response include alanine at position 38 and threonine at position 77 of these same DQB1 alleles. These data suggest that genetic predisposition to the antitopo I response in PSS is associated most closely with the HLA-DQB1 locus.
The significance of the Darier-like solar keratosis and acantholytic change in preneoplastic lesions of the epidermis
Authors: L. LEVER, R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Fifty-two lesions of solar keratosis from 40 patients were studied prospectively for the presence of Darier-like changes and acantholysis. Twenty-seven per cent of specimens showed some degree of these changes. The affected lesions tended to be larger and were less common on the hands, but were otherwise clinically indistinguishable from other solar keratoses. Histologically, the specimens with Darier-like changes were significantly thicker and more dysplastic. The autoradiographic labelling index was not different for the lesions with these changes indicating similar cell kinetic characteristics. It is suggested that acantholytic separation of epidermal cells within a solar keratosis may signify that the lesion has a greater invasive potential than a solar keratosis not showing this change.
Novel Nanoliposomal CPT-11 Infused by Convection-Enhanced Delivery in Intracranial Tumors: Pharmacology and Efficacy
Authors: Charles O. Noble, Michal T. Krauze, Daryl C. Drummond, Yoji Yamashita, Ryuta Saito, Mitchel S. Berger, Dmitri B. Kirpotin, Krystof S. Bankiewicz, John W. Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract We hypothesized that combining convection-enhanced delivery (CED) with a novel, highly stable nanoparticle/liposome containing CPT-11 (nanoliposomal CPT-11) would provide a dual drug delivery strategy for brain tumor treatment. Following CED in rat brains, tissue retention of nanoliposomal CPT-11 was greatly prolonged, with &amp;gt;20% injected dose remaining at 12 days for all doses. Tissue residence was dose dependent, with doses of 60 μg (3 mg/mL), 0.8 mg (40 mg/mL), and 1.6 mg (80 mg/mL) resulting in tissue half-life (t1/2) of 6.7, 10.7, and 19.7 days, respectively. In contrast, CED of free CPT-11 resulted in rapid drug clearance (tissue t1/2 = 0.3 day). At equivalent CED doses, nanoliposomal CPT-11 increased area under the time-concentration curve by 25-fold and tissue t1/2 by 22-fold over free CPT-11; CED in intracranial U87 glioma xenografts showed even longer tumor retention (tissue t1/2 = 43 days). Plasma levels were undetectable following CED of nanoliposomal CPT-11. Importantly, prolonged exposure to nanoliposomal CPT-11 resulted in no measurable central nervous system (CNS) toxicity at any dose tested (0.06-1.6 mg/rat), whereas CED of free CPT-11 induced severe CNS toxicity at 0.4 mg/rat. In the intracranial U87 glioma xenograft model, a single CED infusion of nanoliposomal CPT-11 at 1.6 mg resulted in significantly improved median survival (&amp;gt;100 days) compared with CED of control liposomes (19.5 days; P = 4.9 × 10−5) or free drug (28.5 days; P = 0.011). We conclude that CED of nanoliposomal CPT-11 greatly prolonged tissue residence while also substantially reducing toxicity, resulting in a highly effective treatment strategy in preclinical brain tumor models. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(5): 2801-6)