tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tamper-Proof Scrips
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chemistry of rubber processing and disposal.
Authors: R L Bebb
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The major chemical changes during the processing of rubber occur with the breakdown in mastication and during vulcanization of the molded tire. There is little chemical change during the compounding, calendering, extrusion, and molding steps. Reclaiming is the process of converting scrap rubber into an unsaturated, processible product that can be vulcanized with sulfur. Pyrolysis of scrap rubber yields a complex mixture of liquids, gas, and residue in varying ratios dependent on the nature of the scrap and the conditions of pyrolysis.
The fate of ileorectal anastomosis in Crohn's disease
Authors: J. H. Burman, W. T. Cooke, J. A. Williams
Journal: Gut (1971)

An assessment has been made of 25 patients who have undergone ileorectal anastomosis for Crohn's disease. The rate of anastomotic leakage was high (32%) but was fatal in only one patient. The likelihood of leakage was not affected by a safety valve ileostomy, failure to excise all diseased bowel, or steroid therapy. The overall recurrence rate was 60 per cent. This was not affected by the age of the patient, duration of the disease, steroid therapy, or anastomotic leak but was affected adversely by the presence of concurrent small bowel disease and by residual rectal disease at the site of the anastomosis.
Drugs and hyperthyroidism.
Authors: J. M. Telford, P. F. Coville
Journal: BMJ (1968)

position and appearance are precisely as in the St. Catherine's Thorpe specimen, and it is almost certain that we need look no further for a diagnosis.After the onset of the condition increased stresses are thrown on the medial and lateral extensions of the quadriceps tendon of insertion, with roughening of the bone, as found here.No osteoarthritis, which might suggest a chronic functional disturbance, is present in the hips, knees, or feet of this man, so it seems likely that he suffered little interference with locomotion.The frequency of Osgood-Schlatter disease in the Saxon period is unknown.In the course of examining about 2,000 tibiae this is the first case I have seen that looks at all convincing.My thanks are due to Mr. F.
Lipoprotein-X in patients with cirrhosis: Its relationship to cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Peter Sörös, Joachim Böttcher, Hansjörg Maschek, Oliver Selberg, Manfred James Müller
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Lipoprotein–X (Lp–X) is an abnormal low–density lipoprotein frequently found in liver disease. It is regarded as the most sensitive and specific biochemical parameter for the diagnosis of intra– and extrahepatic cholestasis. Moreover, Lp–X is supposed to contribute to the development of hypercholesterolemia in cholestatic liver disease, because it fails to inhibit de novo cholesterol synthesis. This investigation will focus on the relationship between the presence of Lp–X and serum lipid concentrations in cirrhosis. The significance of Lp–X in the diagnosis of cholestasis, compared with alkaline phosphatase (AP), γ–glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin levels, will be assessed as well. The present cross–sectional study includes 212 patients with histopathologically proven cirrhosis. The detection of Lp–X and the quantification of α–, β–, and pre-β–cholesterol was based on agar gel electrophoresis and polyanion precipitation. For the characterization of liver function, the concentrations of albumin and bilirubin, the activities of liver enzymes, and coagulation times were assessed. In a subgroup of 40 individuals, liver biopsies were re–evaluated to confirm or exclude intrahepatic cholestasis. As a result, there was no association between the appearance of Lp–X and total cholesterol concentrations. While all patients with Lp–X showed intrahepatic cholestasis (predictive value of the positive test = 1), only 16 of 28 patients with cholestasis formed Lp–X (sensitivity = 0.57). The activities of AP and of GGT, as well as the concentrations of bilirubin, were strongly elevated in most patients, with and without cholestasis. The predictive values of AP, GGT, and bilirubin were 0.77, 0.69, and 0.74 for the positive test and 0.5, 0, and 0.6 for the negative test, respectively. We conclude that Lp–X is not related to hypercholesterolemia in cirrhosis. The positive, but not the negative, Lp–X test has high predictive value for the diagnosis of cholestasis in cirrhosis. The biochemical parameters traditionally used for the assessment of extrahepatic cholestasis, AP, GGT, and bilirubin, do not support the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis caused by cirrhosis.
What causes flares of eczema in children?
Authors: S.M. Langan, P. Silcocks, H.C. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Although eczema affects 2-20% of children worldwide, there is little direct evidence on the role of environmental factors in disease flares.We sought to identify which environmental factors might worsen eczema.Sixty children aged 0-15 years with eczema were studied intensively for up to 9 months. Daily electronic diaries and portable data loggers were used to record indoor exposures, and external meteorological data were obtained from a local monitoring centre. The primary outcome was a daily 'bother' score. Autoregressive moving average models were used to study the impact of exposures on eczema severity for individuals. Random effects modelling pooled estimated regression coefficients across participants.Increased severity was associated with nylon clothing [pooled regression coefficient 0.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03-0.43], dust (0.53, 0.23-0.83), unfamiliar pets (0.22, 0.10-0.34), sweating (0.24, 0.09-0.39) and shampoo (0.07, 0.01-0.14). The latter was enhanced in cold weather (0.30, 0.04-0.57). Body-site specificity was observed for nylon clothing, (trunk P =0.02, limbs P = 0.03), wool clothing (trunk P = 0.03, but not limbs P = 0.62) and unfamiliar pets (hands P < 0.001). A combination of any three of seven likely variables was associated with disease worsening (pooled regression coefficient 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.63).This exploratory study suggests that nylon clothing, dust, unfamiliar pets, sweating and shampoos may play a direct role in worsening eczema in children with eczema. Combinations of exposures acting in concert may also be important. Such knowledge may be useful to families with eczema and could lead to better strategies for preventing flares.
539. Unraveling the Mechanisms Underlying Silencing/Activation of Episomal Vectors In Vivo
Authors: Efren Riu, Zhi-Ying Chen, Mark A. Kay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The ability to achieve reproducible, persistent, and therapeutic levels of gene expression in vivo by non-viral gene transfer approaches has been problematic because of the relatively transient nature of transgene expression in vivo. The mechanisms underlying gene silencing in mammalian cells are complex and remain unclear. We have previously demonstrated that removal of the transgene expression cassette from the bacterial backbone led to increased persistence of transgenes in vivo. Changes in chromatin remodeling/ conformation (in particular, the nucleosome position patterning and modifications in aminoacidic residues on histone tails) are also thought to be involved in transcriptional inactivation. We hypothesized that the mechanisms that result in changes in the chromatin remodeling/ structure could be related to the covalent linkage of bacterial DNA to the expression cassette and thus, to gene silencing. To gain insight into this, we have performed a battery of chromatin immunoprecipitations (ChIP) from DNA isolated from the livers of mice transfected with small DNA minicircles devoid of bacterial backbone (which showed marked persistence of transgene expression) or parental closed circular plasmids (which are silenced over time) expressing human alpha-1-antitrypsin (hAAT) using antibodies against different histone modifications. In all, we have tested 26 different antibodies in these assays. Our studies to date show that silencing of the transgene from the parental vector was accompanied by an increase in heterochromatin-associated histone modifications and a decrease in modifications typically associated with euchromatin. Conversely, the pattern of histone modifications on the mini-circle DNA was consistent with a euchromatin histone pattern. These data indicate that (i) episomal vectors undergo chromatinization in vivo and (ii) successful expression of the transgene is possibly dependent on the type of chromatin structure that forms on the exogenous DNA. Understanding the mechanisms by which changes in chromatin remodeling/structure are involved in transcriptional gene silencing is fundamental to unravel the mechanism of transcriptional regulation in mammalian systems. Ultimately this will assist in the development of new tools that specifically reactivate silenced transgenes delivered via gene transfer vectors.
Younger women might benefit from breast cancer screening
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Regular mammography in women in their late 40s may reduce breast cancer mortality, according to two long term UK trials published last week. The national breast cancer screening programme in Britain, however, will not be extended to younger women until the results of a more definitive trial are known.

The UK trial of early detection of breast cancer, a non-randomised study, followed up women for 16 years who attended eight centres in England and Scotland. Mortality from breast cancer was 27%lower in …
FETAL MORTALITY IN THE TOXEMIAS OF PREGNANCY
Authors: C. H. PECKHAM
Journal: JAMA (1933)

During recent years there has undoubtedly developed an increasing tendency to view the various toxemias of pregnancy with greater concern than was hitherto the rule excepting in the case of eclampsia. In the latter condition the immediate maternal mortality has always been sufficiently high so that all forms of therapy have concerned the mother, and the outcome to the child has received little regard. Such a course of procedure, however, has not pertained to the other toxemias of pregnancy, and it has been a rather general custom to treat such cases by palliative means until the pregnancy reached term or the child attained a definite period of viability. More recently the wisdom of such a procedure has been seriously questioned. It is generally agreed that chronic nephritis is definitely aggravated by pregnancy, the severity of the condition after pregnancy is much advanced over that pertaining before it, and the amount
Effect of moderate exercise on insulin sensitivity and substrate metabolism during post-exercise recovery in cirrhosis
Authors: A S Petrides, D E Matthews, U Eβer
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

We examined whether a single bout of moderate exercise has a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity and fuel homeostasis in cirrhosis. Clinically stable cirrhotic patients and age-, sex-, and weight-matched controls participated in insulin clamp studies (either euglycemic hyperinsulinemic or hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemic) in combination with indirect calorimetry and [6,6- 2 H 2 ]glucose. Three to seven days later, studies were repeated following a single bout of exercise (30 minutes of treadmill exercise at 60% of maximal aerobic capacity). After an overnight fast, following exercise, both cirrhotic and control individuals showed a shift in fuel utilization to enhanced lipid oxidation, decreased glucose oxidation, and increased nonoxidative glucose disposal rates (i.e., glycogen synthesis in muscle) when compared with pre-exercise rates but differences were statistically significant only in the patient group. During euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, insulin-mediated glucose disposal was significantly reduced in cirrhotic patients (3.43 ± 0.26 vs. 7.36 ± 0.48 mg/kg/min, P &lt; .01). Following exercise, glucose uptake increased significantly in cirrhotic patients when compared with pre-exercise levels ( P &lt; .05) but remained unchanged in the control group. The increase in total body glucose disposal in cirrhotic patients was entirely accounted for by an increase in nonoxidative glucose disposal (0.81 ± 0.20 vs. 0.51 ± 0.15 mg/kg/min, P &lt; .05). During combined hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia, however, insulin sensitivity was unaffected by exercise in both patients and control individuals. In summary, in cirrhotic patients, a single bout of moderate exercise 1) causes a shift in substrate utilization with an increase in lipid oxidation in the postexercise period that is significantly more pronounced than in controls, and 2) increases insulin sensitivity only during euglycemia but not during the more physiological condition of hyperglycemia. Single bouts of moderate exercise therefore may not have a beneficial effect on the metabolic status of patients with chronic liver disease.
Gene Therapy for HIV Infection
Authors: Leslie M. Hardy
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On the value of menorrhagia as a predictor for coagulation disorders
Authors: Måns Edlund, Margareta Blombäck, Bo von Schoultz, Ola Andersson
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

The value of menorrhagia as a predictor for mild bleeding disorders has been very little studied and the results are divergent. In the present study on 30 women with objectively verified menorrhagia, we found a significantly increased prevalence of von Willebrand's disease (20%). By keeping a strict sampling and laboratory routine, and by restricting sampling to cycle days 5-7, we also obtained a very low interindividual variation of von Willebrand factor and coagulation factor VIII. We conclude that menorrhagia is a valuable predictor for coagulation and platelet disorders, and that time of sampling is of importance. This should be considered in the investigation of menorrhagia, and can be a guideline in looking for mild bleeding disorders.
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita associated with epidermal-binding circulating antibodies
Authors: S.H. WAKELIN, B. BHOGAL, M.M. BLACK, J. ALLEN, F. WOJNAROWSKA, T. HASHIMOTO, P.M. FARR, A.F. SWAIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a rare, immunobullous disease, characterized by circulating and tissue-bound antibodies against type VII collagen (C7) of anchoring fibrils in the cutaneous basement membrane zone. These antibodies localize to the dermal aspect of salt-split skin on indirect and direct immunofluorescence (IMF). We report two patients with clinical features of EBA, in whom circulating IgG antibodies bound to the epidermal aspect of salt-split skin. In both patients direct IMF of salt-split perilesional skin revealed dermal IgG deposits, and direct immunogold immunoelectron microscopy showed antibody deposits in the region of anchoring fibrils. Their serum failed to react with epidermal or dermal extracts on Western immunoblotting. Epidermal-binding antibodies have not been reported previously in association with EBA, and the IMF findings in these cases suggest the development of autoantibodies to additional epidermal-associated antigens. Target antigen heterogeneity has been reported in most other immunobullous diseases, and may be a hitherto unrecognized feature of EBA.
Hazard of self-inflating resuscitation bags.
Authors: R Loveday, D G Hurter
Journal: BMJ (1969)

magnitude of possible causative agents ove: a long period.It is for this reason that the first studies suggesting dietary sugar is such an agent deliberately excluded informatior from subjects who admitted to -changing their intake of 'sugar.'It is, of course, not pos- sible to measure precise sugar consumptior over a lifetime, but since habitual intakes of sugar differ widely between individuals we believe it can be adequately measured by a careful dietary questionary.We feel toc that this assumption was supported by the findings, in two separate surveys, of consider- able differences between individuals with and without occlusive arterial disease, and by the fact that the values were very similar in the three groups of controls that we studied, and in the three groups of patients.Although Mr. R. W. Howell and Dr. D. G. Wilson (19 July, p. 145) include separate data for subjects who claim not to have changed their intake of sugar, they do so almost as an afterthought.Similarly, having given the figures for all their subjects, they match for age only at the end of their presentation, although in early studies' ' it was pointed out that sugar intake varies with age.These factors of age and of reasonable constancy of sugar intake were thus made
RADIAL VERSUS FEMORAL ACCESS FOR PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTIONS IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A SUBANALYSIS OF THE SHINANO REGISTRY
Authors: Takashi Miura, Yusuke Miyashita, Yasushi Ueki, Hirofumi Hioki, Naoto Hashizume, Naoyuki Abe, Soichiro Ebisawa, Hirohiko Motoki, Atsushi Izawa, Jun Koyama, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Individual Recognition by Heart Rate Variability of Two Different Autonomic Profiles Related to Posture
Authors: Alberto Malliani, Massimo Pagani, Raffaello Furlan, Stefano Guzzetti, Daniela Lucini, Nicola Montano, Sergio Cerutti, Giuseppe S. Mela
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) can estimate the state of sympathovagal balance modulating sinus node activity. In view of the large distribution of spectral variables, a recognition of well-defined physiological conditions has never been attempted on an individual basis.We considered 10 spectral variables extracted from short segments (200 to 500 cardiac cycles) of 350 ECG tracings recorded in normal subjects in both supine and upright positions (700 patterns). The tracings were first ordered consecutively and subsequently assigned alternatively to a training or to a test set (each consisting of 175 cases, providing 350 patterns considered to be independent). A forecasting linear method estimated a normalized activation index (ranging from -1 for supine to +1 for upright) that concentrated the information derived from spectral variables and that identified, in the test set, individual by individual, approximately 84% of corresponding body postures.The combined use of spectral methodology and forecasting analysis has revealed an information content embedded, per se, in a short series of RR intervals capable of recognizing, individual by individual, two different autonomic profiles related to posture.
Axonal transport of recombinant baculovirus vectors
Authors: Ying Li, Xu Wang, Haiyan Guo, Shu Wang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Targeted gene delivery to neurons is crucial to effective gene therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Several types of viral gene vectors may target neurons through retrograde axonal transport to somas of projection neurons after viral internalization at axon terminal fields. In this report we demonstrate for the first time that recombinant baculovirus vectors could migrate by axonal transport to cell bodies, resulting in transgene expression in projection neurons. After stereotaxic injection of Cy3-labeled baculovirus vectors into the rat striatum, retrograde axonal transport of the baculovirus vectors was observed along the corticostriatal pathway and nigrostriatal pathway. Furthermore, after intra-vitreous body injection, anterograde axonal transport and transsynaptic transport of the virus particles were observed in defined connections of the visual system, from the retina to the optic nerve, the lateral geniculate body, the superior colliculus, and the primary visual cortex. PCR analysis confirmed the existence of transported viral DNA in the tissue samples collected from projection fields. Driven by a neuron-specific promoter, transgene expression from the recombinant baculovirus vectors was detectable in target regions remote from injection sites. The attributes of baculovirus vectors in the bidirectional axonal transport and transneuronal transport in neural circuits of the central nervous system could be utilized for targeted gene delivery.
Thiocyanate metabolism in human vitamin B 12 deficiency.
Authors: D McAlpine
Journal: BMJ (1973)

thromboembolism.Four of these patients had normal pulmonary "wedged" pressures (indirect left atrial pressures) and in one there was a slight increase.In the remaining six patients the pulmonary "wedged" pressure record could not be analysed because of difficulty in identifying an appropriate wave form.This could have been due to technical imperfection, but an alternative explanati might be pulmonary venous hypertension without left atrial hypertension.The occurrence of pulmonary venous con- striction following experimental pulmonary embolism was demonstrated by Daicoff et al.S This mechanism could account for pulmonary oedema in the absence of left heart failure and might also account for the difficulty in obtaining an adequate pulmonary "wedged" record.Although in man the mechanism is obscure, there is no doubt that pulmonary oedema can occur as a result of pulmonary thromboembolism.-Weare, etc.,