tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Protective Effect of the <i>KCNMB1</i> E65K Genetic Polymorphism Against Diastolic Hypertension in Aging Women and Its Relevance to Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Mariano Sentí, José M. Fernández-Fernández, Marta Tomás, Esther Vázquez, Roberto Elosua, Jaume Marrugat, Miguel A. Valverde
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

The E65K polymorphism in the beta1-subunit of the large-conductance, Ca2+-dependent K+ (BK) channel, a key element in the control of arterial tone, has recently been associated with low prevalence of diastolic hypertension. We now report the modulatory effect of sex and age on the association of the E65K polymorphism with low prevalence of diastolic hypertension and the protective role of E65K polymorphism against cardiovascular disease. We analyzed the genotype frequency of the E65K polymorphism in 3924 participants selected randomly in two cross-sectional studies. A five-year follow-up of the cohort was performed to determine whether cardiovascular events had occurred since inclusion. Estrogen modulation of wild-type and mutant ion channel activity was assessed after heterologous expression and electrophysiological studies. Multivariate regression analyses showed that increasing age upmodulates the protective effect of the K allele against moderate-to-severe diastolic hypertension in the overall group of participants (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; P=0.006). The results remained significant when analyses were restricted to women (OR, 0.18; P=0.02) but not men (OR, 0.46; P=0.09). This effect was independent of the reported acute modulation of BK channels by estrogen. A five-year follow-up study also demonstrated a reduced age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio of 0.11, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.79 of K-carriers for "combined cardiovascular disease" (myocardial infarction and stroke) compared with EE homozygotes. Our study provides the first genetic evidence for the different impact of the BK channel in the control of human blood pressure in men and women, with particular relevance in aging women, and highlights the E65K polymorphism as one of the strongest genetic factors associated thus far to protection against myocardial infarction and stroke.
PET/CT Appearance of Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chun-Jiang Dang, Ya-Jun Li, Wei Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Appendiceal cancer is rare and is associated with a poor prognosis because it is usually found at an advanced stage. We report the case of a 58-year-old man with appendiceal adenocarcinoma, who complained of right lower abdominal malaise for a couple of months. The tumor was detected early on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and F-18 FDG PET/CT. It appeared as an obvious enhancement and intense abnormal tracer uptake focus in front of the right psoas major, which was easily misinterpreted as an enlarged lymph node.
Environmental Health and Child Survival: Epidemiology, Economics, Experiences <i>By the World Bank</i> . Washington, DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 2008. 135 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8213-7236-4, $18 
Authors: Leonardo Trasande
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

As the developing world industrializes, it is likely to experience an epidemiologic transition not unlike what has occurred in the United States and other countries in the developed world, with increasing prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions such as asthma and neurodevelopmental disorders.Environmental prevention has been proven to reduce childhood morbidity, yet interventions to abate environmental hazards can be quite costly.Economic data on the costs of these conditionsand the failure to prevent them, which is ultimately borne by societymay persuade policy makers that the benefits of proactive reductions in toxic environmental exposures are worth the investment.It is within this context that the Environmental Health Anchor Program of the World Bank has developed analyses that document the burden of environmentally mediated diseases in developing countries.These analyses build on groundbreaking work by the World Health Organization (WHO) to estimate the global-and country-specific burden of disease that can be attributed to environmental factors.The authors quantify the economic costs that can be attributed to a subset of the environmental factors that the WHO has analyzed-urban air pollution, indoor air pollution, and water sanitation/hygiene.They also quantify direct and malnutrition-mediated health consequences of poor water, inadequate sanitation, improper personal/household hygiene, and inadequate water resource management.The World Bank team compiled data for Ghana and Pakistan as two illustrative examples, quantifying mortality from pneumonia/acute lower respiratory illness, diarrhea, and malaria as well as prevalence data for diarrhea and malnutrition.They then applied WHO environmentally attributable fractions for these conditions, and applied a human capital approach to quantify lost wages that result from environmental risk factors.Although past studies have assessed the direct impact of these factors, this project also examines indirect consequences of increased malnutrition due to environmental factors-an underrecognized yet significant burden on society that had not yet been incorporated.The direct and indirect costs associated with environmental risk factors in Ghana and Pakistan are 9.3% and 8.8%, respectively, of these countries' gross domestic productThe Rise of China and India
Nurses: where do they go from here?
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1988)

may produce local policies on the environment.Comple- mentary to this activity is the direct education ofparents, and Laidman's study of the job of health visitors points the way here.2As Sir Donald Acheson says in his foreword, the report "makes sound suggestions for improving, monitoring and following up accidents and provides examples of effective approaches to prevention.The challenge to NHS staff is to apply these lessons more widely and lay a firm foundation for collaborative efforts to reduce accidents to children."2
Effect of inhaled budesonide on seasonal changes in sensitivity and maximal response to methacholine in pollen-sensitive asthmatic subjects
Authors: L Prieto, JM Berto, V Gutierrez, C Tornero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inhaled budesonide on modifications of the provocative concentration of agonist causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (PC20) and maximal response plateau to inhaled methacholine during the pollen season in pollen-sensitive subjects with mild asthma. The effects of inhaled budesonide (800 micrograms.day-1) on the threshold value (PC20) and maximal response plateau to inhaled methacholine were studied in 28 pollen-sensitive subjects with mild asthma during a pollen season in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel fashion. They were challenged with methacholine (up to 200 mg.ml-1) in February (preseasonal assessment) and during the middle of the pollen season (in May and again in June). Subjects treated with budesonide (n = 13) were protected from the decrease in PC20 seen in the placebo (n = 15) group (geometric mean PC20 placebo group: preseasonal = 8.51, May = 2.19 and June = 1.78 mg.ml-1; budesonide group: preseasonal = 3.71, May = 3.23 and June = 2.40 mg.ml-1; intergroup differences in doubling concentrations, p < 0.05). Among 10 subjects in the placebo group who reached plateau during the preseasonal assessment, seven lost the plateau in May and six in June. In the budesonide group, among seven subjects who reached plateau during the preseasonal assessment, three lost the plateau in May and four in June. Between-group differences were not significant. We conclude that in pollen-sensitive subjects with mild asthma, inhaled budesonide blocks the effects of natural allergen exposure on the methacholine threshold value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Law lords give the go ahead for creation of “saviour siblings”
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The United Kingdom's highest court last week gave the go ahead for the creation of “saviour siblings” to give umbilical cord, blood, or bone marrow to try to save the life of a brother or sister. Five judges in the House of Lords unanimously ruled that the law that set up the Human Embryology and Fertilisation Authority gives the authority the power to licence, alone or separately, both preimplantation genetic diagnosis and tissue typing on embryos used in treatment for …
Abstract 3905: Synthesis and structure activity relationship of substituted N,6-diphenyl-5,6-dihydrobenzo[h]quinazolin-2-amine as inhibitors of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR)
Authors: Syed M. Ali, Chris Brassard, Audra Dalton, Darin Kizer, Jean-Marc Lapierre, Yanbin Liu, Magdi Moussa, Rocio Palma, Manish Tandon, David Vensel, Erika Volckova, Jianqiang Wang, Neil Westlund, Hui Wu, Rui-Yang Yang, Craig Bates, Mayank Bhavsar, Cathy Bull, Sudharshan Eathiraj, Robert Nicewonger, Ron Savage, Carol Waghorne, Jennifer Castro, Enkeleda Nakuci, Chang-Rung Chen, Dennis S. France, Thomas C.K. Chan, Mark A. Ashwell
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Utilization of hydrophobic motifs present in auto-inhibited protein kinases has resulted in the identification of a series of 5,6-dihydrobenzo [h]quinazolin-2-amines with activity as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Herein we describe the combination of a proprietary in silico design process, a new screening paradigm using an array of biochemical and biophysical technologies in conjunction with an established parallel chemistry process for the identification and optimization of a series of novel FGFR inhibitors. These potent FGFR inhibitors exhibit a preference for the inactive form of the kinase, are non-ATP competitive, and exhibit robust cellular pharmacodynamic inhibition as well as in vitro anti-proliferative effects in cells dependent on FGFR and significant anti-tumor activity in appropriate xenograft models in vivo. The design strategy, synthesis, structure activity relationships and in vitro and in vivo biology of selected inhibitors will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3905. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3905
Pneumomediastinum—A Report of 28 Cases and Review of the Literature.
Authors: William P. Munsell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966Pneumomediastinum—A Report of 28 Cases and Review of the Literature.William P. MunsellWilliam P. MunsellSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1180_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe presence of free air within the connective tissue supporting structures of the mediastinum, an entity variously termed pneumomediastinum and mediastinal emphysema, has long been recognized but only recently noted as more than a rarity. The purpose of this report is to add 28 more cases to the 322 previously documented cases of pneumomediastinum. These 28 cases have been collected over a 10-year period and represent an admission incidence of 1 in 7,115. Of the 28 cases reported, there were 3 infants, 2 children, and 23 adults. Of the adults, all were Caucasian with an average age of 18. The... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William P. MunsellAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1180-1180KeywordsChildrenConnective tissueEmphysemaInfants ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Haemodynamic response to intravenous vasopressin and nitroglycerin in portal hypertension.
Authors: D Westaby, A Gimson, P C Hayes, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1988)

We have evaluated the haemodynamic effects of intravenous (iv) nitroglycerin (NG) and vasopressin (VP) alone and in combination, in 12 patients with cirrhosis and recent variceal haemorrhage (two to seven days). Nitroglycerin infusion alone (200 micrograms/min) produced a significant fall in portal pressure (WHVP-FHVP) (from 16.4 (0.6) to 13.3 (1.2) mmHg; p less than .001) associated with hypotension (mean arterial pressure from 95 (7) to 78 (9) mmHg; p less than 0.005). Vasopressin alone (0.4 IU/min) reduced portal pressure (20.7 (1.3) to 14.0 (1.3) mmHg; p less than 0.001), but there was considerable variation in the systemic haemodynamic changes with increased cardiac output in four of six patients. The combination of vasopressin and nitroglycerin corrected all systemic haemodynamic disturbances produced by either agent alone. This combination led, however, to a further reduction in portal pressure (from 13.7 (0.9) to 11.7 (0.7) mmHg p less than 0.01). These results show that: (1) intravenous nitroglycerin reduces portal pressure, and (2) the combination of nitroglycerin and vasopressin reverses systemic haemodynamic disturbances produced by either agent alone and leads to a further decrease in portal pressure.
Sciatic Nerve Neurolymphomatosis—Extent and Therapy Response Assessment With PET/CT
Authors: Klaus Strobel, Katharina Fischer, Thomas F. Hany, Rositsa Poryazova, Hans H. Jung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Neurolymphomatosis is a rare condition and may be the first and only manifestation of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We present the case of a 59-year-old patient with fluctuating gluteal pain for 5 years and progressive palsy of the left lower extremity, leading to severe walking difficulties. The neurologic examination revealed pronounced atrophy, flaccid paresis, and sensory loss in the area of innervation of the left sciatic nerve. Electroneuromyography showed a severe sensomotoric axonal lesion of the left sciatic nerve. Biopsy of the lesion revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed for staging, showing a high FDG uptake of the left sciatic nerve. FDG-positron emission tomography/computed tomography after six cycles of chemotherapy showed complete metabolic response.
A survey of genetic human cortical gene expression
Authors: Amanda J Myers, J Raphael Gibbs, Jennifer A Webster, Kristen Rohrer, Alice Zhao, Lauren Marlowe, Mona Kaleem, Doris Leung, Leslie Bryden, Priti Nath, Victoria L Zismann, Keta Joshipura, Matthew J Huentelman, Diane Hu-Lince, Keith D Coon, David W Craig, John Pearson, Peter Alan Holmans, Christopher B Heward, Eric M Reiman, Dietrich Stephan, John Hardy
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
Is the hepatocyte a Trojan horse for hepatitis C virus?
Authors: M BERENGUER, T L WRIGHT
Journal: Gut (1998)

See article on page 570 

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem around the world, with a prevalence ranging from 0.5 to 2% in most developed countries. After acute infection, spontaneous remission is a rare event. Although long term consequences of HCV infection are controversial, there is a consensus emerging that HCV infection is a progressive disease resulting in liver failure in some but probably in a minority of infected individuals. Patients who lack biochemical evidence of liver injury may be an important subset with a “more benign” natural history.1 

In the rare situation where spontaneous cure occurs after acute infection, aminotransferase activities normalise and HCV RNA becomes undetectable in serum. By contrast, the serological profile shows minor modifications with time. With chronicity, serum HCV RNA remains detectable in the vast majority of individuals. Undetectable HCV RNA in serum in patients with abnormal liver enzymes may be related to low viraemia, be under the limit of detection of virological assays, or be due to a fluctuating course. In anti-HCV positive individuals with normal enzymes, however, the lack of serum HCV RNA has been interpreted as complete cure of the infection. However, the study by Haydon et al in this issue (see page 570) challenges this interpretation. These investigators have documented HCV RNA in liver in the majority of patients with exposure to HCV (confirmed by RIBA 3) whether or not virus was detectable in serum, suggesting that residual HCV infection occurs not only among those individuals with abnormal liver enzymes but also among those considered to have “resolved infection”.

Although a high correlation exists between third generation assays and HCV RNA in serum,2 a small subgroup of patients remains, focused on in this study, which are …
97 PROTECTIVE ROLE OF M2-POLARIZED KUPFFER CELLS AGAINST ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
Authors: J. Wan, M. Benkdane, F. Teixeira-Clerc, V. Deveaux, A. Louvet, F. Pecker, A. Mallat, C. Pavoine, S. Lotersztajn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Memoirs of an Old Physician
Authors: S. O. Waife
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the generations of physicians who learned their medicine with an eponymic flavor, the name of Kussmaul will always be associated with the deep, slow respirations occasionally seen in profound diabetic acidosis. Yet, this gentle German physician, who practiced for many years as a "country doctor" before becoming a distinguished professor, also was the first to describe periarteritis nodosa, introduced the concept of paradoxical pulse, and was a pioneer in the use of the stomach tube. However, one would never know this from this unique autobiography. This translation is one of a series of classics in the history of medicine funded through the National Library of Medicine and the American Association for the History of Medicine. A few years before his death at the age of 80 in 1902, Adolph Kussmaul wrote his reminiscences of his childhood, his student life in Heidelberg, including medical training, his licensure examinations, travels, service
The Ethics of Phase 0 Oncology Trials
Authors: Emily Abdoler, Holly Taylor, David Wendler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Recent guidance from the Food and Drug Administration supports the conduct of a new type of exploratory clinical trial, commonly called phase 0 clinical trials. Proponents argue that phase 0 clinical trials have the potential to expedite the development of new oncology drugs while exposing fewer research subjects to the risks of experimental treatments. At the same time, phase 0 oncology trials raise important ethical concerns that have received little attention. In particular, there is a question of whether it is ethical to enroll individuals in research that offers them no potential for clinical benefit. Further concern focuses on the inclusion of terminally ill and consequently vulnerable cancer patients in these trials. To evaluate these concerns, this article considers relevant empirical data from phase 1 oncology trials and develops several recommendations regarding the conduct of phase 0 clinical trials in oncology.
Community Rubella Immunization
Authors: Richard H. Michaels
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> On Sunday, May 17, 1970, a total of 190,845 children received rubella vaccine in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh and surrounding communities). Since this probably represents the largest one-day rubella immunization program conducted in the United States to date, some observations made during and following the program may be of interest to those contemplating similar campaigns. The target population was all healthy county residents aged 12 months through 12 years. This age group was selected because it was the one most likely to be susceptible to rubella (and therefore to propagate it in future epidemics) but containing few, if any, females who were presently or soon to be pregnant (for whom the vaccine is not yet proved safe). During the planning stages there was concern that (1) only a small proportion of the target population would come for immunization, (2) boys, because their benefits (no future pregnancy) were
Two for the price of one.
Authors: W. E. Tatton Brown
Journal: BMJ (1968)

DBIAL Jo same.When it came to weight changes, I found that all but one of the 12 patients lost weight while receiving Sintisone (2-12 lb.(1-5 kg.) in 28 days) and one patient gained 2 lb.(1 kg.) in 28 days while receiving Sintisone.A fact which emerged at the end of the evaluation was that the maintenance dose of Sintisone calculated as prednisolone was lower than that of prednisolone.On the basis of these findings there would appear to be at least two advantages in using Sintisone: one the lesser water retention, and the other lower maintenance dose.I feel that if these findings can be confirmed Sintisone may prove to be particularly useful in the long-term management of many conditions, not least the asthmatic patient.-Iam, etc.,
Influence of presence of the coach on the behaviour of the athlete in training
Authors: D Pinto, H Gomes, L Santos, C Cruz, A Marques
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

In sport, the skills development of the athletes results from the influence of many factors, such as, the role of the coach, training mode, physical recovery, support from parents and family and the pleasure of the practice. The coach has the main responsibility in achieving of the high level of performance of the athlete; he is responsible for structuring the training and competition of athletes in order to ensure the objectives. The aim of this study was to assess if there are differences in the behaviour of the swimmers during the course of a training task, in the presence and in the absence of the coach while performing the task. Twelve male swimmers, aged between 9 and 11 years, with a training period of about 5 years and practicing 4/5 times/week participated in the study. It was observed 3 training sessions where we obtained 6 series. To compare the performance on the task, compliments of break-times, and the occurrence of deviant behaviours, we use non-parametric Wilcoxon test and X 2 . The athletes' performance in accomplishing the task prescribed by the coach is better when the coach is present (Z= −2.589, p = &lt;0.01). When the coach was present, 90% of the swimmers completed the break-times, contrasting with the 10% who did it in the absence of him ( X 2 (1) = 76.349, p&gt;0.001). This study showed no significant differences in the occurrence of deviant behaviours in both observed situations (0.8% vs 5.8%; X 2 (1) = 3.233, p&gt;0.05). The results suggest that in low ages, the presence of the coach is an important factor for accuracy in compliment of tasks by the athletes and induces the quality of training and the high level of performance. However, the presence of the coach seems not have influence in the occurrence of deviant behaviour.
Improvement of High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels
Authors: James M. Falko
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Twelve ambulatory patients (six women and six men; mean age, 29 years) with type I diabetes were treated with a continuous subcutaneous open-loop insulin pump in an attempt to effect better glucose control. Hemoglobin A1, mean blood glucose, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and the cholesterol/HDL-C ratio were assessed monthly before and after glucoregulation from five to 14 months (mean, nine months). Mean HDL-C levels increased significantly (52 +/- 4 to 60 +/- 5 mg/dL); mean cholesterol/HDL-C ratios decreased significantly (4.46 +/- 0.43 to 3.89 +/- 0.39). Mean values for triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-C, all initially normal, did not change. Both mean Hb A1 levels and glucose levels fell from 11.2% +/- 0.5% to 9.8% +/- 0.5% and 177 +/- 15 mg/dL to 128 +/- 12 mg/dL, respectively. Insulin requirements decreased from 0.80 +/- 0.08 to 0.61 +/- 0.05 units/kg/24 hr. These results may favorably alter the prediction for development of accelerated atherosclerosis in type I diabetics.