tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual form of the transposition complex. Uncorrected levo-transposition with horizontal ventricular septum: Report of two cases.
Authors: D Guthaner, C B Higgins, J F Silverman, W G Hayden, L Wexler
Journal: Circulation (1976)

A distinctive angiographic appearance is described in two patients who had uncorrected levo-transposition of the great vessels. Although levo-transposition with inversion of the ventricles usually results in physiologically corrected transposition, in these patients the anatomy was arranged in such a way as to result in an uncorrected transposition. The following elements were responsible for this physiological condition: normal atrial situs, inverted ventricles with "criss-cross" atrioventricular flow, levo-transposed great arteries. In addition, the morphological right ventricle was hypoplastic, left sided and superior to the left ventricle and the ventricular septum was horizontal in position. The two ventricles were connected via a large ventricular septal defect. The importance of accurate, detailed, preoperative angiographic demonstration of the anatomic situation is stressed.
Recent advances in toxicological testing of the stratum corneum
Authors: G.E. Piérard, C. Piérard-Franchimont, T. Hermanns-Lê, P. Paquet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

α-Hydroxy acid (AHA) formulations are commonly used for skin chemical peelings. The primary target is the stratum corneum (SC). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of various glycolic acid concentrations and commercial phenolic acid formulations on the SC. Quantitative colorimetry of a corneoxenometry bioassay was used. The test procedure involved glycolic acid concentrations ranging from 3% to 70% in alcoholic solution. Exposure times were set for 1 min and 3 min. The bioassay showed consistent reactivity with a dose–effect relationship when using the selected low exposure times. In a similar procedure the aggressiveness of commercially available phenolic acid formulations was identified not using hazardous in vivo testing. Corneoxenometry appears useful for in vitro testing of AHA peeling agents during short exposure times.
Medicine as a Science: Roentgenology
Authors: Merrill C. Sosman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN A recent article,1 the present dean of American radiologists, Dr. Arthur Christie, quotes Arnold Toynbee2 to the effect that retrogression is more natural than progression. He was speaking, however, of civilizations, not of men. Darwin3 states that "progress is more general than retrogression" in the development of men and races. Robert Browning4 even speaks of "Progress, man's distinctive mark alone." There is no "possible probable shadow of doubt" that medicine has progressed in the half-century just finished. True, it is less of an art and more of a science. True also, it is less of a profession and more . . .
SMRT-GPS2 corepressor pathway dysregulation coincides with obesity-linked adipocyte inflammation
Authors: Amine Toubal, Karine Clément, Rongrong Fan, Patricia Ancel, Veronique Pelloux, Christine Rouault, Nicolas Veyrie, Agnes Hartemann, Eckardt Treuter, Nicolas Venteclef
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Low-grade chronic inflammation is a major characteristic of obesity and results from deregulated white adipose tissue function. Consequently, there is interest in identifying the underlying regulatory mechanisms and components that drive adipocyte inflammation. Here, we report that expression of the transcriptional corepressor complex subunits GPS2 and SMRT was significantly reduced in obese adipose tissue, inversely correlated to inflammatory status, and was restored upon gastric bypass surgery–induced weight loss in morbid obesity. These alterations correlated with reduced occupancy of the corepressor complex at inflammatory promoters, providing a mechanistic explanation for elevated inflammatory transcription. In support of these correlations, RNAi-mediated depletion of GPS2 and SMRT from cultured human adipocytes promoted derepression of inflammatory transcription and elevation of obesity-associated inflammatory markers, such as IL-6 and MCP-1. Furthermore, we identified a regulatory cascade containing PPARγ and TWIST1 that controlled the expression of GPS2 and SMRT in human adipocytes. These findings were clinically relevant, because treatment of diabetic obese patients with pioglitazone, an antidiabetic and antiinflammatory PPARγ agonist, restored expression of TWIST1, GPS2, and SMRT in adipose tissue. Collectively, our findings identify alterations in a regulatory transcriptional network in adipocytes involving the dysregulation of a specific corepressor complex as among the initiating events promoting adipose tissue inflammation in human obesity.
Malignant Melanoma of the Stomach
Authors: Peter I. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1962)

MALIGNANT MELANOMA involving the stomach and small intestine is an uncommon tumor, considerably less than 100 cases having been described in the literature to date. This case is of particular interest as a presumptive diagnosis was first made at gastroscopy and confirmed by exfoliative cytology and gastroscopio biopsy, thus eliminating the need for exploratory laparotomy. Report of a Case A 44-ycar-old white contractor was in good health until July, 1960, when lie first developed a constant, dull, paraumbilical pain present during the day, but worse at night, associated with postprandial bloating and intermittent nausea without vomiting. He first sought medical advice from his physician, Dr. P. W. Carney, in November, 1960, at which time a physical examination was negative, but an x-ray examination of his stomach and duodenum was reported as showing generalized gastritis and duodenitis, with no evidence of peptic ulceration. Treatment with antispasmodics, diet, and frequent feedings failed
Gamma benzene hexachloride as a scabicide.
Authors: B H James
Journal: BMJ (1972)

jOURNAL 15 jNuARY 1972 splenic infarction during flight, in a black man, Dr. Green and his colleagues produced the statement: "A positive sidkle-ell test with a normal haemoglobin level sug- gested he was a sickle-cell trait carrier, though electrophoresis was not performed."The possibility of SC disease in this case appears to have been ignored because of the "normal haemoglobin level."Evidence of 377 consecutive Hb SC disease patients on whom haemoglobin estimations have been done in the steady state (see Table ) shows levels of at least 12-0 g/100 ml in 49, 12-8 g/100 ml in 37, 13-5 g/100 ml in 36, 14-3 g/100 ml in 14, and 15-0 g/100 ml or more in 18 (the normal Ghanaian male-female mean3 being 12-7-14-8 g/100 ml).TABLE.-HaemoglobinLevels in Sickle Cell Disease Patients in the Steady State4t Haemoglobin (5/ SS SC SFh STh
Studies of Drug Usage in Five Boston Hospitals
Authors: Ivan Borda
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A study of drug usage was conducted in five hospitals: two hospitals for patients with acute diseases, two for patients requiring long-term care, and one pediatric hospital. Partially due to the increased length of hospitalization, more drugs were used in long-term hospitals. The number of different drugs used to treat the same problem varied greatly. For some therapeutic indications, one particular drug was widely accepted by most hospitals; in others, there was a wide variance. More than one drug of the same pharmacological action was often prescribed for the same patient. Older patients and women received more drugs. Antibiotics were used in a high percentage of all hospital patients. There were many incomplete prescriptions and discrepancies between drug orders written by doctors and records of medications administered by nurses. These results indicate the need for an epidemiologic approach to therapeutics.
Response to Jungheim and Koschinsky
Authors: Geoff McGarraugh
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

In this issue of Diabetes Care, we read with interest the letter of Jungheim and Koschinsky (1) comparing glucose measurements using blood extracted from the finger versus blood extracted from the forearm. The phenomenon they discuss is not a simple function of measurement technology, but a complex function of circulatory physiology. Our cognizance and study of the phenomenon resulted in the explicit instruction to the users of the TheraSense FreeStyle blood glucose monitoring system to rub the test site before drawing blood. The increased perfusion from rubbing significantly reduces the difference in fingertip and forearm blood glucose measurements (see discussion below). It is significant that Jungheim and Koschinsky did not rub the test site. In addition, their protocol, which involved a glucose tolerance test followed by intravenous insulin, created physiological extremes and influenced the observed differences in study subjects.

An initial TheraSense …
Mumps Complicated by a Preceding Myelitis
Authors: A. Clement Silverman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

WHEN McKaig and Woltman,1 of the Mayo Clinic, published their review of neurologic complications of mumps in 1934, they reported a case of transverse myelitis in a sixteen-year-old girl who was left with a complete flaccid atrophie paralysis below the second thoracic segment. Her spinal fluid, incidentally, showed no increase in cells in two tests during her illness. The authors found a similar case of mumps myelitis in the literature in a girl one year older. Wesselhoeft2 cites these 2 cases and adds a case of myelitis with recovery from the French literature. Bobeff and Petroff,3 of Sofia University, Bulgaria, . . .
Identification of polymorphisms in the promoter and the 3′ region of the TAFI gene: evidence that plasma TAFI antigen levels are strongly genetically controlled
Authors: Mireille Henry, Hélène Aubert, Pierre E. Morange, Isabelle Nanni, Marie-Christine Alessi, Laurence Tiret, Irène Juhan-Vague
Journal: Blood (2001)
Case 14-1978
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, George A. Beller, John T. Fallon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Presentation of CaseA 26-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of heart murmurs.There was a history of scarlet fever at the age of seven years. At 21 years a cardiac murmur was heard, and a diagnosis of mitral stenosis was made. Because of allergy to penicillin she was begun on daily prophylaxis with sulfadiazine. She remained free of symptoms and worked as a head nurse in the Coronary Care Unit of another hospital. Twenty-eight months before admission examination disclosed a Grade 4 systolic murmur and a Grade 3 diastolic murmur along the left sternal border; no definite . . .
SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO
Authors: Alexis Carrel, Albert H. Ebeling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1923)

When multiplying actively in serum, fibroblasts are in a condition of survival, not of cultivation, for they do not synthetize protoplasm from substances contained in the medium. They are able to utilize only the nitrogenous material stored in the tissue itself. The distinction between survival of tissue and active growth is an important one. Innumerable errors in the interpretation of the experimental results have been made during the past years on account of this lack. An active proliferation of fibroblasts taking place during several days in a medium containing a given substance does not mean that this substance is used by the cells, but indicates only that residual cell proliferation is unopposed by a toxic substance. It is not possible to ascertain whether a medium is nutrient or not in the sense that it supports growth unless the mass of the tissues is shown to increase. When the proliferating fragment can be halved again and again, and each half reaches the size of the original whole in 48 hours, it is evident that new protoplasm must have been synthetized from the medium. The experiments described above show that egg white, egg yolk, pure egg albumin, egg white mixed with egg yolk, and bouillon are not utilized by fibroblasts for multiplication. This fact renders more plausible the hypothesis advanced previously that for proliferation the fibroblasts require some nitrogenous substances elaborated by other cells, which are present in embryonic tissue juices. It may be concluded that, under the conditions of the experiments: 1. The duration of life of pure cultures of fibroblasts in a nitrogen-free medium is about 8 days. 2. Egg white and egg yolk, isolated or together, slightly increase the activity of the fibroblasts, but this effect is temporary and the tissues ultimately die. Pure egg albumin and bouillon are not utilizable by fibroblasts for multiplication.
Characterization of a novel PXR isoform with potential dominant-negative properties
Authors: Cyril Breuker, Chris Planque, Fatemeh Rajabi, Jean-Charles Nault, Gabrielle Couchy, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Alexandre Evrard, Jovana Kantar, Eric Chevet, Paulette Bioulac-Sage, Jeanne Ramos, Eric Assenat, Dominique Joubert, Julie Pannequin, Frédéric Hollande, Jean Marc Pascussi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Effects of vascular runoff on myointimal hyperplasia after mechanical balloon or thermal laser arterial injury in dogs.
Authors: C Hehrlein, C H Chuang, J R Tuntelder, G P Tatsis, L Littmann, R H Svenson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Clinical evidence suggests that poor vascular runoff reduces the long-term success rate of femoral angioplasty procedures. The purpose of this experimental study was to examine myointimal hyperplasia of dog femoral arteries after balloon denudation, thermal laser arterial injury, or sham operation in normal and reduced vascular runoff conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Before mechanical balloon injury or transluminal heated laser probe motion, the peripheral vascular runoff of dogs was reduced by ligating the femoral artery below its three distal side branches, decreasing the femoral flow rate from 114 +/- 9 to 52 +/- 5 ml/min (mean +/- SEM). Endothelial denudation with a predominantly intact elastic internal membrane and circumferential structural changes in the media were noted by light microscopy 1 hour after balloon injury. Focal completely necrotic lesions of intima and media were found 1 hour after thermal laser arterial injury. After 8 weeks, the maximal thickness of neointima plus media of the site of previous intervention was greater after balloon injury (0.45 +/- 0.03 mm) and thermal laser injury (0.54 +/- 0.03 mm) than after sham operation (0.40 +/- 0.01 mm; p less than 0.001) in normal runoff dogs. Reduced vascular runoff augmented myointimal hyperplasia both in the balloon-injured and thermally damaged arteries; the wall thickness increased from 0.45 +/- 0.03 to 0.93 +/- 0.10 mm and from 0.54 +/- 0.03 to 0.65 +/- 0.05 mm, respectively (p less than 0.001). The neointimal and medial wall area of the balloon-injured arteries contributed 48% to the area encompassed by the external elastic membrane compared with an 81% portion when vascular runoff was reduced (p less than 0.01). A 47% neointimal and medial wall area was found in thermally injured arteries with normal runoff compared with 63% after runoff reduction (p less than 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that hemodynamic factors associated with poor vascular runoff play an important role in extending myointimal hyperplasia independent of method and severity of the arterial injury during angioplasty.
Phenotypic and functional alteration of CD4+ T cells after antigen stimulation. Resolution of two populations of memory T cells that both secrete interleukin 4.
Authors: K Hayakawa, R R Hardy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Phenotypic and functional alteration of murine CD4+ T cells after antigenic stimulation was studied using two anti-T cell mAbs recently described that define four distinct T cell subsets. Activation of T cells resulted in the permanent loss of 3G11 expression. However, two phenotypically distinct memory T cell populations were established depending on the system used; whereas those for anti-KLH antibody response were enriched in the fraction expression 6C10 (Fr. III), memory T cells for the allogeneic MLR lacked such expression (Fr. IV). Furthermore, successive stimulation with antigen in vitro resulted in secretion of IL-4 without detectable IL-2. This alteration of phenotype and interleukin secretion was also demonstrable when starting with 3G11+6C10- cells (Fr. I), the fraction that secretes IL-2 exclusively upon activation.
May-Hegglin Anomaly-Reply
Authors: Dale R. Wassmuth
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Drs. Oski, Naiman, and Diamond quoted us correctly, that in our judgment there is no evidence of abnormal bleeding in these cases. We shall stand on our judgment and await further evidence. The platelet count of the proband was normal and was inadvertently omitted when the history was condensed. Estimation of the platelet count in other members of the family was made from the blood smear. The platelets were present in normal numbers.
Measurement of Absolute Epicardial Coronary Artery Flow and Flow Reserve With Breath-Hold Cine Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Geoffrey D. Clarke, Robin Eckels, Curtis Chaney, Dorothy Smith, Jason Dittrich, W. Gregory Hundley, Moriel NessAiver, Hong Fang Li, Robert W. Parkey, Ronald M. Peshock
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Noninvasive measurement of absolute coronary arterial flow and coronary flow reserve would be of considerable use in the diagnosis and management of patients with coronary artery disease. Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to measure flow in a variety of vessels. The goal of the present study was to determine if MRI measurements of coronary artery flow in a single breath-hold can be used to determine flow reserve and the severity of pericardial stenosis. Methods and Results In eight mongrel dogs, a closed chest model of partial left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion was created. Coronary flows in the left circumflex artery (LCx) and LAD were measured at rest and during adenosine infusion using velocity-encoded, breath-hold MRI and perivascular ultrasound (US) flowmeters. MRI measurements of absolute coronary flow and coronary flow reserve were highly correlated with US ( r =.96 and .94, respectively). Flow reserve measured in the constricted LAD was significantly lower than that in the unconstricted LCx by both US ( P =.002) and MRI ( P =.011). Conclusions MRI measurements of coronary flow and flow reserve were in good agreement with US measurements. In addition, MRI measurements of coronary flow reserve successfully discriminated stenotic from normal vessels. These results indicate that MRI is a useful method for the noninvasive assessment of coronary flow and stenosis.
Stabilisation of the population is necessary for health for all
Authors: J. Guillebaud
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor–In Alexander R P Walker and colleagues' letter the words “Despite the fearful outlook for developing populations” are followed by “the involvement of women must certainly be supported.”1 The authors do not, however, mention women's right to control their fertility through family planning methods2 3 –or that stabilisation of the population might improve the fearful outlook. When will we grasp that shortage of food and water is caused partly by people “longage#x201D;; that poverty and violence are both exacerbated by the increasing numbers to …
Abstract 5689: Anti-E2F-1 PEGylated liposomal encapsulated peptide regresses human small cell lung cancer &amp; lymphoma xenografts
Authors: Xiaoqi Xie, Debabrata Banerjee, Tamara Minko, Nadine Johnson-Farley, John E. Kerrigan, Emine Ercikan-Abali, Kathleen W. Scotto, Joseph R. Bertino
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The E2F family of transcription factors is critical to large number of key cellular processes, including replication, DNA repair, and differentiation. E2F-1 is unique among the E2F family of transcription factors in that it can act as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene, depending on the cellular context. Given the critical functions of E2F target genes in replication, and differentiation, it is perhaps not surprising that dysregulation of E2Fs has been associated with the cancer phenotype. E2F-1,2 and-3, “activating” E2Fs, function as heterodimers with DP proteins and are regulated by the retinoblastoma protein. E2F-1 and 3 are over expressed in many human tumors and overexpression (suggesting oncogene addiction) is associated with a poor prognosis. We have used phage display to obtain peptides that bind tightly to the E2F consensus promoter recognition sequence. When one of these peptides was coupled to a modified penetration sequence to enhance uptake, the penetratin- peptide (PEP) potently inhibited some but not all malignant cell lines. Modeling studies and ChIP studies showed that part of the pentratin sequence was involved in the binding of the PEP to the E2 F1 promoter. The PEP down-regulated E2F-2 and 4, as well as E2F-1, and-down stream targets of E2F-1. The small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cell line and the Ramos cell line (Burkitt lymphoma) were sensitive to low micromolar concentrations of the PEP, and apoptosis was seen within 6 h. These cell lines have mutant p53, and over express E2F-1 and cMyc and BCL2, and are “oncogene addicted”. Normal cells (human bone marrow CD34+ hematopoeitic stem cells, human marrow mesenchymal cells and MEFs), were insensitive to high concentrations of the PEP. When encapsulated in PEGylated liposomes, the PEP caused marked regression of advanced SCLC xenografts in mice without appreciable toxicity. These results prompt us to explore further preclinical development of the PEP for tumor therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5689. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5689
UK clinic allowed to screen embryos for rare bowel cancer
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Doctors in London have been given the go-ahead to screen embryos for a rare inherited form of bowel cancer after pressure from families affected by the condition.

The assisted conception unit at University College Hospital is the United Kingdom's first clinic to be granted a licence to perform pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to select embryos that are free of the genetic mutation that leads to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).

Four couples affected by the condition, and …
A Response to Commentators on "Crossing Species Boundaries"
Authors: Jason Scott Robert, Françoise Baylis
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2003)

We are grateful for the opportunity to respond to the widerange of commentaries on our essay, “ Crossing SpeciesBoundaries” (Robert and Baylis 2003). Judging by themarked variation in substance and tone across the com-mentaries, it is apparent that the issues we raised are notonly of immense interest to those in a variety of disciplines(philosophy, law, theology, biology, and anthropology,
Bortezomib with thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction therapy before, and consolidation therapy after, double autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a randomised phase 3 study
Authors: Michele Cavo, Paola Tacchetti, Francesca Patriarca, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Lucia Pantani, Monica Galli, Francesco Di Raimondo, Claudia Crippa, Elena Zamagni, Antonio Palumbo, Massimo Offidani, Paolo Corradini, Franco Narni, Antonio Spadano, Norbert Pescosta, Giorgio Lambertenghi Deliliers, Antonio Ledda, Claudia Cellini, Tommaso Caravita, Patrizia Tosi, Michele Baccarani
Journal: The Lancet (2010)