tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bronchiectasis in Childhood
Authors: N. S. Clark
Journal: BMJ (1963)

MEDICALTJURNALfirst four years of an epidemiological study of 612 families randomly selected from two populations in South Wales.N)o evidence is found in our data to suggest that arterial pressure is not a continuously variable characteristic, and in the absence of a sufficiently precise definition of essential hypertension to allow its genetic investigation in the general population we have used the appropriate system of quantitative anal\sis to investigate the simpler concept of multifactorial inheritance.If arterial pressure is determined by graded polygenic inheritance it would be expected that the relationship in pressure between relatives and propositi would be similar at all ranges of pressure, and that the data would fit a linear regression more and more closely as the errors were eliminated.This is what we have found.On the basis of Mendelian inheritance of a specific gene for essential hypertension it would be reasonable to expect that the accumulation of more data.and more reliable data, would reveal internal inconsistencies in such an analysis and would segregate the population into at least two groups in which the relationship in pressure between relatives and propositi was different.We found no evidence of these.It is possible that single-gene inheritance plays an important part in determining the arterial pressure of a very small fraction of the comm1Lunity, but our analyses suggest that in a representative sample of a general population which is experiencing what we take to be the usual morbidity and mortality associated with high blood-pressure this fraction is too small to be detected.For the majority of the population it appears that a regression of 0.287 for systolic pressures.and 0.224 for diastolic best summarizes the genetic resemblance of first-degree relatives.leaving between 55 % and 77% of the systolic variance, and between 70% and 87% of the diastolic variance, for environ- mental factors to explain.We gratefully acknowledge the continued co-operation of the families who are taking part in these studies.and the help of members of the survey team of the M.R.C. Epidemiological Research Unit who have assisted in the collection and analysis of the findings.
Abstract 1294: A pilot study of FBRSL1 and melanoma: What's the connection
Authors: Jenna Marie Lilyquist, Pedro Lee, Marianne Berwick, Danny Reinberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract FBRSL1 is a novel protein and a member of a heterogeneous group of proteins that form polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1). The canonical function of PRC1 is monoubiquitination of H2A at lysine 119 which has been associated with nucleotide excision repair of UV-induced DNA lesions; however, the role FBRSL1 plays in the PRC1 complex is unknown. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms residing in FBRSL1 have been shown to modify melanoma risk following indoor tanning. Since very little is known about the function of FBRSL1, the connection between FBRSL1 and melanoma is unclear. To investigate FBRSL1 expression in relationship to melanoma, we performed an immunohistochemistry (IHC) pilot study, using antibodies against both the long and short forms of murine FBRSL1, on a small set of melanoma tumor and benign patient tissues. Our results indicate that both murine antibodies recognize FBRSL1 in human skin. The FBRSL1 amino acid sequence is highly conserved between mice and humans, but only the long isoform has been validated in humans indicating that further characterization of the human isoforms of FBRSL1 is needed. Additionally, we found FBRSL1 expression only in melanoma tissues, and not in benign tissues. Future directions include validating these results in a larger group of patients using both melanoma and benign tissues to confirm the relationship between FBRSL1 expression and melanoma. Ultimately, we will investigate the association between FBRSL1 and patient characteristics that modify melanoma risk and prognosis. We expect that these results will inform experiments to elucidate the role of FBRSL1 in melanoma. Citation Format: Jenna Marie Lilyquist, Pedro Lee, Marianne Berwick, Danny Reinberg. A pilot study of FBRSL1 and melanoma: What's the connection. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1294. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1294
Television induced seizures in alcoholics.
Authors: J De Keyser, A Michotte, G Ebinger
Journal: BMJ (1984)

3 observations rares: sujets alcooliques en cours de periode d'abstinence, presentant des crises convulsives de type grand mal epileptique en regardant la television. Comparaison avec les crises d'epilepsie photo-sensibles, bien connues meme genetiquement. Les manifestations sont semblables mais l'etiologie et le traitement tres differents
Endonyx onychomycosis due to Trichophyton soudanense in two Somalian siblings
Authors: C.L. Fletcher, M.K. Moore, R.J. Hay
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Sir, Endonyx onychomycosis is an uncommon pattern of nail disease caused by anthropophilic dermatophytes more commonly associated with endothrix scalp infections, namely Trichophyton soudanense and T. violaceum. A 9‐year‐old Somalian girl and her 7‐year‐old brother presented with a 1‐year history of identical fingernail problems. These had initially affected only one nail but had spread to involve four and three nails, respectively, on each of their dominant hands. The children had arrived in the UK 2 years previously and had no personal or family history of skin diseases. In particular, they denied any scalp symptoms. There was no past medical history of note. Examination revealed milky‐white patches within the affected nail plates, coarse pitting, lamellar peeling and some transverse indentations of the nail plates (Fig. 1). Onycholysis and subungual hyperkeratosis were absent, although the girl showed some scaling over the hyponychium on one finger. A few pits were seen on otherwise normal nails and there were no contiguous skin changes. Scalp examination was normal in the girl. However, there was diffuse scaling over the boy's scalp with no hair loss, associated lymphadenopathy or id reaction. The remainder of their skin and toenails were normal. Nail clippings and scalp brushings were sent for mycological analysis. Due to the age of the children, no nail‐plate biopsies were performed.
Nucleotide biosynthesis arrest by silencing SHMT1 function via vitamin B6-coupled vector and effects on tumor growth inhibition
Authors: Shambhavi Pandey, Pankaj Garg, Somin Lee, Han-Wool Choung, Yun-Hoon Choung, Pill-Hoon Choung, Jong Hoon Chung
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
A prospective randomised multicentre trial comparing 10 Fr Teflon Tannenbaum stents with 10 Fr polyethylene Cotton-Leung stents in patients with malignant common duct strictures
Authors: R E England, D F Martin, J Morris, M B Sheridan, R Frost, A Freeman, B Lawrie, M Deakin, I Fraser, K Smith
Journal: Gut (2000)

BACKGROUND Stent blockage is a multifactorial process in which stent design and materials, bacteria, proteins, and bile viscosity play a role. AIMS To compare the patency of the 10 Fr Teflon Tannenbaum (TT) stent to that of the 10 Fr Cotton–Leung (CL) polyethylene stent with sideholes, in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. METHODS Patients were recruited to this prospective multicentre randomised study if they had a newly diagnosed malignant bile duct stricture below the hilum of the liver suitable for stenting with a 10 Fr stent. Data were collected and monitored by a professional monitoring company. Primary patency was the interval between stent placement and first exchange or death without recurrent jaundice. RESULTS 134 consecutive patients were recruited between November 1994 and June 1997; 65 were randomised to the TT stent and 69 to the CL stent. Median patency and 95% confidence intervals were 181 (59, 303) days for the TT stent and 133 (92, 174) days for the CL stent, with no significant difference between the two stents (p=0.49). Median survival and 95% confidence intervals were 115 (71, 159) days for the TT stent and 151 (112, 190) days for the CL stent, with no significant difference between the two stents (p=0.765). CONCLUSION Neither Teflon as a stent material nor the Tannenbaum design prolong the patency of plastic stents.
Canada insists that it is a safe place to visit
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Canadian federal health department was maintaining this week that despite WHO's warnings Canada was safe to visit. WHO last week advised travellers not to visit Toronto but was reviewing its advice on the matter on Tuesday 29 April, as the BMJ went to press.

By 28 April the health department had reported 344 probable or suspected cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and 21 deaths.

On its website …
A memorable patient: The Aga baby
Authors: R. Hodkinson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

It was the sort of Sunday evening in February for sitting in front of the fire. I was on call for both practices in our small town when, at 10 pm, the telephone rang. The caller, Trisha, a family friend and patient of the neighbouring practice, was concerned about her 20 year old daughter's abdominal pain, which had been increasing since they both went running that morning. “Could it be her gall bladder?”

I reached the isolated farmhouse half way up the fell as snow began to fall. Greeted by a worried Trisha, I entered to find Mary lying on the floor in the middle of a …
Gonadal Function Abnormalities in Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: ALI A. ABBASI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Thirty-two adult patients with sickle cell anemia were evaluated endocrinologically. Secondary sex characteristics were abnormal in 29, and eunuchoidal skeletal proportions were present in all except one. The age at which different stages of pubic hair growth were attained in these patients was delayed in comparison to normals (P < 0.005). Hormonal assays were carried out in 14 patients. Basal serum testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and androstenedione values were lower (P < 0.02) in patients than controls. Serum LH and FSH levels before and after stimulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone were consistent with primary testicular failure. Erythrocyte and hair zinc concentrations were significantly decreased, and there was positive correlation between erythrocyte zinc and serum testosterone (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) in sickle cell anemia. Our study shows that androgen deficiency in this disease is a result of primary rather than secondary hypogonadism. Further studies are required to establish the role of zinc in the pathogenesis of testicular failure in sickle cell anemia.
Effects of treatment with deoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid on the hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and bile acids in healthy subjects
Authors: Curt Einarsson, Carl-Gustaf Hillebrant, Magnus Axelson
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The degradation of cholesterol to bile acids is regulated by a negative–feedback mechanism by the bile acids, especially the hydrophobic bile acids, returning to the liver via the portal vein. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) is a potent suppressor of the cholesterol 7α–hydroxylase, the rate–determining enzyme in bile acid formation. CDCA may also suppress hepatic 3–hydroxy–3–methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate–limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Conflicting reports have appeared regarding the suppression on bile acid synthesis by the most hydrophobic bile acid of human bile, deoxycholic acid (DCA). To study the suppressive effects of CDCA and DCA on hepatic cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in humans, 10 healthy subjects were treated with CDCA or DCA for 3 weeks in a randomized cross–over study with a washout period of 4 weeks in between. Serum levels of 7α–hydroxy–4–cholesten–3–one, reflecting cholesterol 7α–hydroxylase activity, and 7–dehydrocholesterol, reflecting HMG CoA reductase activity, and bile acids were repeatedly measured during the study periods. After 3 weeks of treatment with CDCA or DCA, CDCA constituted 70% and DCA 74% of the total serum bile acids, respectively. CDCA and DCA decreased the serum levels of 7α–hydroxy–4–cholesten–3–one by 80% and 75%, respectively. Negative correlations between the percentages of CDCA and DCA and the serum concentration of 7α–hydroxy–4–cholesten–3–one were obtained. CDCA reduced the serum level of 7–dehydrocholesterol by 29%, whereas treatment with DCA tended to increase the level of 7–dehydrocholesterol. Treatment of healthy subjects with CDCA and DCA reduces bile acid synthesis. CDCA also inhibits cholesterol synthesis, whereas DCA does not.
Left lower quadrant abdominal pain caused by an IUCD
Authors: H.-L. Hsu, C.-C. Chang, J.-T. Liang, K.-L. Liu
Journal: Gut (2011)

A previously healthy 42-year-old woman presented with mild left lower quadrant abdominal pain. There was no relevant medical or family history except she had a T-shaped copper intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) inserted 10 years previously. The remainder of her obstetric history was non-specific and included one normal vaginal delivery. Physical examination and laboratory findings at the time of presentation were unremarkable.

Plain radiographs of the abdomen identified the IUCD in the pelvic cavity (figure 1); however, the IUCD was not detected during gynaecological ultrasonography. Further abdominal CT scanning did not reveal any definite focal lesions and the IUCD was not identified (figure 2).



Figure 1 
Plain abdominal radiograph showed the T-shaped intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) in the left pelvic cavity. The surrounding …
Prognosis of chronic hepatitis c: Results of a large, prospective cohort study
Authors: Claus Niederau, Stefan Lange, Tobias Heintges, Andreas Erhardt, Marlies Buschkamp, Dietmar Hürter, Marek Nawrocki, Lothar Kruska, Frank Hensel, Wolfgang Petry, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The prognosis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still ill–defined. The present study prospectively evaluated mortality and complications in a large cohort of patients with chronic hepatitis C. The study included 838 anti–HCV and HCV–RNA-positive patients who were followed for 50.2 ± 26.9 months (mean ± SD; range, 6–122 months) in a prospective protocol. During follow–up, 62 patients died (31 from liver disease and 31 from other causes), and 12 patients needed liver transplantation. When compared with a matched general population, hepatitis C increased mortality mainly when cirrhosis was present and in patients who were less than 50 years old at study entry. During follow–up, a further 30 patients developed nonlethal complications of cirrhosis. By multivariate regression, survival was decreased by cirrhosis, long disease duration, history of intravenous drug abuse, and excessive alcohol consumption, whereas interferon therapy improved survival. Alanine transaminase (ALT), bilirubin, sex, and genotype had no effect on survival. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n = 17) was increased by cirrhosis and to a lesser degree by long disease duration and high bilirubin, whereas interferon therapy, genotype, and other factors had no effect. Chronic hepatitis C is a disease with considerable mortality and morbidity when cirrhosis is present at diagnosis. Patients who acquire the infection early in life have a markedly increased mortality even when cirrhosis is absent at diagnosis. The age at diagnosis therefore should play a major role in therapeutic considerations. The present data also suggest that interferon therapy has a long–term clinical benefit, although it did not reduce the risk of liver cancer.
Placental stem cells pre-treated with a hyaluronan mixed ester of butyric and retinoic acid to cure infarcted pig hearts: a multimodal study
Authors: Anca Simioniuc, Manuela Campan, Vincenzo Lionetti, Martina Marinelli, Giovanni D. Aquaro, Claudia Cavallini, Sabrina Valente, Dario Di Silvestre, Silvia Cantoni, Fabio Bernini, Claudia Simi, Silvia Pardini, Pierluigi Mauri, Danilo Neglia, Carlo Ventura, Gianandrea Pasquinelli, Fabio A. Recchia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

AimsPre-treating placenta-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (FMhMSCs) with a hyaluronan mixed ester of butyric and retinoic acid (HBR) potentiates their reparative capacity in rodent hearts. Our aim was to test FMhMSCs in a large-animal model by employing a novel combination of in vivo and ex vivo analyses.
Fat Replacers: Their Use In Foods and Role in Diabetes Medical Nutrition Therapy
Authors: Hope Warshaw, Marion Franz, Margaret A Powers, Madelyn Wheeler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

The scientific literature demonstrates that fat replacers have a reasonable certainty of no harm. Whether they help produce desired health outcomes, i.e., decreased risk of coronary heart disease and certain types of cancer related to excess fat intake, weight reduction, changes in lipid profile, improved glycemic control, etc., depends on how individuals use these foods to change food choices and eating behaviors. As Miller and Rolls conclude, ...the use of fat-replaced foods alone should not be expected to produce spontaneous improvements in weight management. Such improvements will still be dependent on long-term behavioral changes that include not only modifications in fat, but also modifications in overall energy intake and increase in energy expenditure. (53) Though it has not been studied, one may conjecture that encouraging people with diabetes to use foods with fat replacers to achieve nutrition management goals requires sufficient education, continuous counseling, and an individual's conscientious commitment and readiness to change food habits.
Contempo '81. Family practice
Authors: N. J. Pisacano
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>Research and Family Practice</h3> In previous reports published in CONTEMPO, we have described the rise of the specialty of family practice. In those articles we stressed the specialty's major concern to produce young, well-trained physicians who will render comprehensive, continuing, accessible health care. In addition, it has been noted that family practice was the first specialty to have no "grandfathers" admitted to the diplomate status without examination and was the first and only specialty that required periodic recertification to maintain diplomate status. We pointed out with pride such contributions to the whole specialty movement. However, the specialty now seems to have reached a maturation point where it can make important contributions in research. Thus far, the major contributions have been in studies of such entities as practice patterns, epidemiology, methods of classifying diagnosis and management in primary care, organizational administration, drug therapy, and review updates, as well as some clinical
Role of NeutroSpec?? Imaging in Infection - An Initial Experience
Authors: Vani Vijayakumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Scientific Abstracts: Nine Poster Presentations for the 51st Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Chapter of the Society of Nuclear Medicine April 7-9, 2006, Hyatt Regency, Albuquerque, New Mexico http: //www.swcsnm.org: PDF Only
Complete Pelvic Evisceration in the Male for Complicated Carcinoma of the Rectum
Authors: Jesse E. Thompson, Chester W. Howe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

RADICAL excision of the pelvic viscera for advanced carcinoma of the female pelvic organs has been successfully accomplished by Brunschwig1 and Parsons.2 Brunschwig3 has also recently reported a case of radical pelvic surgery in a man with advanced carcinoma of the sigmoid colon invading the urinary bladder.Our experiences in dealing with complications following ureterointestinal anastomosis and pelvic evisceration have crystallized certain concepts regarding the preparation and management of such cases. Some of the complications commonly seen after this type of surgery are urinary-fecal fistulas, abdominal and perineal wound sepsis and chemical and electrolyte imbalance including the syndrome of acidosis . . .
Genotypes of cytosolic low[ndash ]molecular-weight protein-tyrosine-phosphatase correlate with age at onset of type 1 diabetes in a sex-specific manner
Authors: N. Bottini, G.F. Meloni, P. Borgiani, A. Giorgini, R. Buzzetti, P. Pozzilli, P. Lucarelli, F. Gloria-Bottini
Journal: Metabolism (2002)
P283 Relationship Between the Ranking of COPD Outcome Measures (Re-Admissions and Emergency Bed Days) and Respiratory Service Provision Across the 13 PCTs in the East of England (EOE)
Authors: AG Davison, L Jongepier, L Paddison, K Smith, JR Flowers
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3></h3> The White Paper “Equity and Excellence. Liberating the NHS” stated that the health service must be focused on two key parameters i) outcomes and ii) the quality standards that deliver them. As there is little data examining their relationship in COPD we have examined this in the EoE. <h3>Methods</h3> Two COPD outcome measures from INHALE (www.inhale@nhs.uk), emergency bed days for COPD admissions per 1000 PCT population for 2010–11, and % emergency re-admissions within 28 days for 2010–11, have been ranked from 1–13 for all PCTs in the EoE A questionnaire has been developed by the EoE. Respiratory Team to assess respiratory service provision. This was completed by all the respiratory networks in the 13 PCTs in April 2012. The presence of 4 services in the PCTs ranked in the top 6 have been compared to their presence in the bottom 7 PCTs. 11 PCTs have one local hospital. <h3>Results</h3> All COPD admissions were under the care of the respiratory team in 50% of hospital ranked in the top 6, compared with 43% of those ranked in the bottom 7. A discharge bundle was in place in 33% of hospitals in the top 6, compared with 57% in the bottom 7. An early discharge scheme was in place in 66% of those in the top 6, compared with 57% in the bottom 7. An integrated care pathway existed in 33% of those in the top 6, compared with 100% in the bottom 7. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We had expected to find a relationship but these results suggest that the existence of various services cannot be used as a surrogate for outcome measures. It would be expected that the existence of these services would improve the outcomes. The services were present in April 2012 but may have been introduced after or during 2010–11 when outcomes were measured. Auditing is also necessary to show that services are effective. Outcomes may also have improved in some areas after the introduction of services but those PCTs may still be ranked below others. In future trend analysis will be more useful than simple ranking.