tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemoglobin Affinity for Oxygen in the Anginal Syndrome with Normal Coronary Arteriograms
Authors: Pantel S. Vokonas, Peter F. Cohn, Michael D. Klein, Myron B. Laver, Richard Gorlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Oxyhemoglobin dissociation (OHD) curves were performed on whole blood (WB) from 20 patients with anginal pain, normal hemodynamics, and normal coronary arteries, as demonstrated by selective coronary cinearteriography. OHD curves in 19 of 20 patients, from zero to full saturation, were nearly identical to those in normal control subjects with values for P(50) (Po(2) at 50% saturation and pH 7.4) of 26.7+/-1.5 (mean+/-SD of the mean) torr (mm Hg) and red blood cell (RBC) levels of 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid (2, 3-DPG) of 0.72+/-0.10 (mean+/-SD of the mean) M/M hemoglobin (Hb). Normal values for nonsmoking adults were: P(50), 26.6+/-1.4 (mean+/-SD of the mean) torr: and RBC 2,3-DPG, 0.81+/-0.09 (mean+/-SD of the mean) M/M Hb. Mean levels of carbon monoxide were normal at 0.14+/-0.01 (mean+/-SEM) ml/100 ml WB in 10 patients who were nonsmokers and 0.45+/-0.15 (mean+/-SEM) ml/100 ml WB in 10 smokers. In one patient, a heavy smoker with markedly elevated blood carbon monoxide levels, an abnormal leftward shift of the OHD curve was observed. This was corrected after discontinuation of smoking. In utilizing these methods, we could not detect consistent abnormalities of Hb affinity for oxygen at rest in the patients studied, which suggests that a defect in oxygen transport at rest is an unlikely explanation for the symptoms of chest pain in patients with the anginal syndrome and normal coronary arteriograms.
Interleukin 17-producing cells are increased in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and are enriched at the site of inflammation
Authors: N J Gullick, H G Evans, D Jayaraj, B W Kirkham, L S Taams
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Th17 cells are a recently identified CD4 T cell subset characterised by production of interleukin 17α (IL17). Due to the highly proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic effects of IL17, Th17 cells are likely to have an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to identify if Th17 cells are increased in peripheral blood from patients with RA, and if these cells are increased at the site of inflammation. The authors also …
Problem of the Old and the Cold
Authors: R. H. Fox, R. MacGibbon, L. Davies, P. M. Woodward
Journal: BMJ (1973)

A pilot winter study of body temperatures using new measuring techniques was tested on 72 volunteers aged 65 or more living in Portsmouth. The body temperatures were related to their environmental temperature and living conditions. No case of serious hypothermia was found, but the study confirms that elderly people have lower body temperatures and suggests that the coldest individuals tended to be the least aware of discomfort from the cold; this may well place them "at risk" for developing hypothermia.
Watch in the Stomach
Authors: Elliot B. Duboys
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Although there have been many reports of patients having ingested foreign bodies, I would like to report what I believe to be a unique case.  A 49-year-old man who had been in excellent health was mugged in New York City. According to his entourage, instead of losing his newly purchased watch, he placed it in his mouth for safekeeping and swallowed it.  Subsequently he was admitted for treatment of a psychiatric disorder. On routine physical examination, an x-ray film of the abdomen showed a watch, most probably of the self-winding variety, to be present in his left upper quadrant. Throughout his five-month hospitalization, he did not demonstrate any signs or symptoms of obstruction or perforation. Serial abdominal x-ray films demonstrated that the watch remained localized to his left upper quadrant.  The patient having been initially declared legally competent refused all surgery, even though all possible complications were
Cost of VA Medical Care
Authors: Edward J. Derwinski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters15 October 1990Cost of VA Medical CareEdward J. DerwinskiEdward J. DerwinskiSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-8-639_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:I read with great interest the recent article on access to health care (1). I want to set the record straight about some of the cost figures presented in the article. The authors state that during the period from 1970 to 1987, "... the cost of government, public health activities (including spending by the Public Health Service, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Veterans Affairs) increased by a factor of 10.5" (1). This statement presents an impression of historical medical care costs for government entities in general, and for the VA in particular, which I...Reference1. . Access to health care. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:641-61. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Veterans Affairs Washington, DC 20420 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited By'Not Reasonably Debatable': The Problems with Single-Judge Decisions by the Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims 15 October 1990Volume 113, Issue 8Page: 639-640KeywordsHealth careMedical servicesPrevention, policy, and public healthVeteran care Issue Published: 15 October 1990 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Partial Purification of Osteoclast-Activating Factor from Phytohemagglutinin-Stimulated Human Leukocytes
Authors: Richard A. Luben, Gregory R. Mundy, Clarence L. Trummel, Lawrence G. Raisz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Osteoclast-activating factor (OAF) is a soluble mediator found in supernates of human peripheral leukocytes which have been cultured with antigens or phytomitogens. OAF is a potent stimulator of osteoclastic resorption of fetal bone in organ culture. The present studies were designed to characterize OAF chemically. Bone resorbing activity from supernates of leukocytes cultured without added plasma was not lost on dialysis using a membrane with a molecular weight cutoff of 3,500, but was lost when heated to 60 degrees C for 30 min. The activity was lost after treatment with trypsin or pronase but not after treatment with ribonuclease or neuraminidase. Papain, which inactivated parathyroid hormone at a concentration of 25 mug/ml, did not inactivate OAF at 250 mug/ml. OAF did not react with an antibody to bovine parathyroid hormone which cross-reacts with human parathyroid hormone. OAF was also distinguished from active metabolites of vitamin D and from prostaglandin by extraction procedures and immunoassay for prostaglandin E(2). When the medium from activated leukocytes cultured with autologous plasma was fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex, bone resorbing activity eluated both with plasma proteins and in lower molecular weight fractions. However, when medium from leukocytes cultured without added plasma was chromatographed, all the OAF activity was eluted in a sharp low molecular weight peak located between chymotrypsinogen (25,000 molecular weight) and ribonuclease A (13,700 molecular weight). This peak contained about 4% of the total protein originally present in the supernate. Its activity was destroyed by overnight incubation at 37 degrees C at pH 6 or 8, but not at pH 7.2. After incubation at 4 degrees C, the activity was lost at pH 3 or 10, but not at pH 4-9. The active fraction from Sephadex G-100 was therefore chromatographed at pH 7.2 on DEAE cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. The active material was not adsorbed; however, about sevenfold further purification was achieved by removal of contaminants. The material obtained after sequential Sephadex, DEAE and, carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography stimulated resorption of fetal rat bone in culture at concentrations of 0.75-3 mug protein/ml, indicating that this preparation of OAF was nearly as potent as bovine parathyroid hormone in this system.
Effect of Surgery on Resting Calf Blood Flow
Authors: N. L. Browse
Journal: BMJ (1962)

The rate at which blood flows through the muscle of the calf is a matter of concern to both physicians and surgeons, for all accept that anything effecting a reduction in flow may increase the likelihood of spontaneous intravascular thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.Because surgical operations are not infrequently followed by deep-vein thrombosis a number of workers have studied the effect of surgery upon the rate of blood flow in the leg veins to see if it is followed by any reduction of flow (Smith and Allen, 1940; Wright et al., 1948).Flow through the veins depends primarily upon Subjects Forty-five patients have been studied.They were chosen at random, except for their sex.The problem of finding a chaperon in a busy female, ward made it difficult to study many women.Once it was found that changes identical to those already observed in men occurred in the first three women studied (Cases 14, 26, and 39), it was decided that sex was not significant and the remainder of the studies were made on men.The first 30 patients (group 1) were studied solely to elicit the effect of surgery upon their calf blood flow.The next 15 (group 2) were given various drugs -once the nature of their response to surgery beCame obvious.These drugs may have altered the duration of the response, and so it comes about that the figures for the nature, incidence, and extent of the response are drawn from all 45 patients (both groups), but those concerning the duration of the response are derived from group 1.
Pancreatic hormones and glucose homeostasis after distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) in cirrhosis
Authors: F. Trevisani, M. Bernardi, S. Giancane, V. Arienti, A. Mazziotti, A. Cavallari, D. Patrono, G. Gozzetti, G. Gasbarrini
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Alveolar fluid glutathione is not reduced in asymptomatic HIV-seropositive subjects.
Authors: E R Pacht, P Diaz, T Clanton, J Hart, J E Gadek
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Glutathione is an important antioxidant tripeptide that is found in high concentrations in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the lung. Previous investigators demonstrated a deficiency of glutathione (GSH) in the epithelial lining fluid of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients. The current investigation performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on 59 asymptomatic HIV-seropositive subjects (mean CD4: 365.9 +/- 31.2 cells/mm3) and 12 normal control subjects. The volume of ELF and the concentration of glutathione and oxidized glutathione were determined. The concentration of total GSH in ELF was not significantly different in HIV-seropositive individuals compared with normal subjects (628.1 +/- 63.9 microM versus 499.9 +/- 86.0 microM, p = 0.38). However, there was a significantly higher concentration of ELF GSH in HIV-seropositive cigarette smokers (n = 30) compared with nonsmokers (n = 29) (800.3 +/- 107.7 microM versus 443.6 +/- 45.3 microM, p = 0.004). The percentage of total GSH in the oxidized form (GSSG) was similar in both the HIV-seropositive and the normal subject groups (3.4 +/- 0.3% versus 3.0 +/- 0.4%, p = 0.559). There were no significant correlations between ELF GSH or GSSG concentrations and age, CD4 count, or pulmonary function. There was, however, a significant negative correlation between BAL lymphocyte percentage and GSH. The current study suggests that for those patients whose HIV infection is at a relatively early phase, the levels of GSH in the lung ELF are normal.
Gonorrhea and Oral Tetracycline
Authors: F. W. DANBY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Correction1 July 1975Gonorrhea and Oral TetracyclineF. W. DANBY, F.R.C.P.(C)F. W. DANBY, F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-1-121_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Tetracycline has for years carried the following notation in the Physicians' Desk Reference: "Food and some dairy products also interfere with absorption. Oral forms of tetracycline should be given one hour before or two hours after meals."It distresses me to see the Center for Disease Control (1) recommending as proper use 0.5 g, four times daily by mouth. Without a caution attached, patients almost invariably take medications with meals or milk, reducing the efficacy tremendously. I would like to believe that all physicians take the trouble to properly instruct patients in this regard, but my experience...Reference1. : Gonorrhea: recommended treatment schedules. Ann Intern Med 82:230-233, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 253 Ontario Street Kingston, Ontario K7L 4W2 Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1975Volume 83, Issue 1Page: 121-121KeywordsFoodGonorrheaMilkMouthTetracyclines Issue Published: 1 July 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Correlation between cadmium-induced pulmonary carcinogenicity, metallothionein expression, and inflammatory processes: a species comparison.
Authors: G Oberdörster, M G Cherian, R B Baggs
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

There is sufficient evidence for pulmonary carcinogenicity of inhaled Cd compounds in rats whereas no such evidence was found in mice and hamsters; the evidence in humans has been termed limited, indicating significant species differences in pulmonary response to inhaled Cd. We hypothesized that expression of metallothionein (MT) protein in the lung after inhalation of Cd differs between species thereby providing different degrees of sequestration of Cd and protection from its effects. Rats and mice were exposed to 100 micrograms CdCl2 aerosols/m3 for 4 weeks, and the presence of MT was determined in lung and free lung cell homogenates as well as by immunocytochemistry in lung sections up to 28 days postexposure. In addition, pulmonary inflammatory, and cell proliferative responses were determined. Cd exposure significantly increased MT in homogenates of total lung in both species; however, no significant increase of MT in rat lung tissue after removal of free lung cells by lavage was found whereas MT was still significantly increased in lavaged mouse lung tissue throughout the postexposure time. In contrast, exposed rats showed significant increases in MT in the lavageable lung cells and mice did not. Histochemical analysis of lung sections revealed that mainly the epithelial cells of the bronchi, bronchioli, and alveoli of Cd-exposed mice expressed MT. Mice also exhibited a marked and sustained pulmonary inflammatory and cell proliferative response upon CdCl2 exposure which was not observed in rats. The retained Cd dose per gram lung was about 2-fold greater in mice, which is consistent with a greater deposition efficiency of inhaled Cd-aerosols in mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Stroke patients with “do not resuscitate” orders are treated worse than those without
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Stroke patients with “do not resuscitate” orders on their medical notes are almost seven times more likely to die in the first 30 days after their stroke than stroke patients without such orders, an English study concludes.

The high mortality may be linked to a rationing of patients' access to stroke units, says the report, published online ahead of print on 7 October in the International Journal for Quality in Health Care (http://intqhc.oxfordjournals.org/, doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzi081).

“This study does provide some evidence that the high mortality of DNR [do not resuscitate] stroke patients is in part contributed to by where they …
Role of CCL21 and CCL19 in allergic inflammation in the ovalbumin-specific murine asthmatic model
Authors: Naomi Yamashita, Hiroyuki Tashimo, Yukiko Matsuo, Hirofumi Ishida, Kenta Yoshiura, Katsuaki Sato, Naohide Yamashita, Terutaka Kakiuchi, Ken Ohta
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Schizophrenia, Substance Abuse, and Violent Crime
Authors: Seena Fazel
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Persons with schizophrenia are thought to be at increased risk of committing violent crime 4 to 6 times the level of general population individuals without this disorder. However, risk estimates vary substantially across studies, and considerable uncertainty exists as to what mediates this elevated risk. Despite this uncertainty, current guidelines recommend that violence risk assessment should be conducted for all patients with schizophrenia.To determine the risk of violent crime among patients diagnosed as having schizophrenia and the role of substance abuse in mediating this risk.Longitudinal designs were used to link data from nationwide Swedish registers of hospital admissions and criminal convictions in 1973-2006. Risk of violent crime in patients after diagnosis of schizophrenia (n = 8003) was compared with that among general population controls (n = 80 025). Potential confounders (age, sex, income, and marital and immigrant status) and mediators (substance abuse comorbidity) were measured at baseline. To study familial confounding, we also investigated risk of violence among unaffected siblings (n = 8123) of patients with schizophrenia. Information on treatment was not available.Violent crime (any criminal conviction for homicide, assault, robbery, arson, any sexual offense, illegal threats, or intimidation).In patients with schizophrenia, 1054 (13.2%) had at least 1 violent offense compared with 4276 (5.3%) of general population controls (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-2.2). The risk was mostly confined to patients with substance abuse comorbidity (of whom 27.6% committed an offense), yielding an increased risk of violent crime among such patients (adjusted OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 3.9-5.0), whereas the risk increase was small in schizophrenia patients without substance abuse comorbidity (8.5% of whom had at least 1 violent offense; adjusted OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4; P<.001 for interaction). The risk increase among those with substance abuse comorbidity was significantly less pronounced when unaffected siblings were used as controls (28.3% of those with schizophrenia had a violent offense compared with 17.9% of their unaffected siblings; adjusted OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.4; P<.001 for interaction), suggesting significant familial (genetic or early environmental) confounding of the association between schizophrenia and violence.Schizophrenia was associated with an increased risk of violent crime in this longitudinal study. This association was attenuated by adjustment for substance abuse, suggesting a mediating effect. The role of risk assessment, management, and treatment in individuals with comorbidity needs further examination.
Influenza Virus Vaccine and Blood Group A-like Substances
Authors: Georg F. Springer, Harvey Tritel
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In reference to your note in the Medical News section of the Nov 3 issue ofThe Journal(<b>182</b>:52), we wish to point out that we reported our observations and experiments on blood group A-like substances in egg-grown influenza viruses at the Ninth International Blood Transfusion Congress in September 1962 in Mexico City, and in the publication<i>Science</i>(<b>138</b>:687, 1962). In no instance have we commented on the value of the influenza virus vaccine. Instead, we have pointed out that all commercial influenza virus vaccines which we have tested contained A-like (Forssman) substances. These originate from the chick embryo and may be incorporated into the virus since we found them even in highly purified influenza virus (egg-grown) preparations. In addition, most of the virus-suspending fluids conventionally used for egg inoculation also contain some A-like substances. Within 24 hours we found that injection of as little
On a Case of Large Osseous Tumour Removed Successfully, with Antiseptic Precautions, from under the Ligamentum Patellae
Authors: T. Annandale
Journal: BMJ (1876)

ventricle is necessary to drive an equal volume of blood in the same time through the smaller orifice of the aorta.Dr. Black speaks repeatedly of the weakness of the right heart.It is, of course, absolutely weaker than the left; but, relatively to the work which each heart has to perform, the two hearts are of equal strength.If they were not, they could not work so harmoniously to- gether, as they often do, for fourscore years and upwards.I think that I have now adduced sufficient reason for my belief that Dr. Black's " explanation of the heart's thin pulmonary chamber" is unten- able, and his theory of asphyxia inconsistent with unquestionable facts.
1170-144 Abnormal hemodynamic response to adenosine and poststress left ventricular ejection fraction provide incremental prognostic information in patients undergoing gated myocardial perfusion SPECT
Authors: Aiden Abidov, Rory Hachamovitch, Alan Rozanski, Sean W Hayes, John D Friedman, Ishac Cohen, Xingping Kang, Guido Germano, Daniel S Berman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The abandonment of latent variables: Philosophical considerations
Authors: Peter Zachar
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Cramer et al.'s critique of latent variables implicitly advocates a type of scientific anti-realism which can be extended to many dispositional constructs in scientific psychology. However, generalizing Cramer et al.'s network model in this way raises concerns about its applicability to psychopathology. The model could be improved by articulating why a given cluster of symptoms should be considered disordered.
AN OVERLOOKED NASAL FACTOR IN EAR DISEASE.
Authors: CHEVALIER JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1901)

In a considerable research of the literature bearing on nasal conditions causative of ear diseases, the writer failed to find mention of what seemed to him a condition ranking second only to stenosis as a factor; and in a discussion of the indications for intranasal treatment of ear diseases by members of the Section of Laryngology and Otology of the British Medical Association last year, no mention was made of it, though the subject was fully discussed by the leading nose and throat surgeons of Great Britain. The condition referred to will be comprehended by a glance at the diagrams. It consists in the often observed hypertrophic thickenings on, usually, both sides of the vomer near the posterior free margin, which deflect the inrushing blast of dust-laden, dry, cold air against the Eustachian eminences, resulting in perpetual irritation of the mucous membrane in the vicinity of the tube mouths. This