tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of immunoglobulin G by pokeweed mitogen- or Epstein-Barr virus-stimulated human B cells in vitro is restricted to the ecto-5'-nucleotidase positive subset.
Authors: L F Thompson, J M Ruedi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (ecto-5'-NT) is believed to be a maturation marker for human B lymphocytes because its expression increases during normal development and is reduced in many patients with B cell immunodeficiencies. To determine whether this enzyme defines functional subsets of B lymphocytes, human peripheral blood B cells, separated into ecto-5'-NT positive and negative populations by using goat anti-5'-NT antibodies and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter, were compared for their ability to secrete polyclonal immunoglobulin. Both populations synthesized equivalent quantities of IgM in response to a T cell-dependent (PWM) or T cell-independent (EBV) stimulator of polyclonal immunoglobulin biosynthesis. However, ecto-5'-NT+ B lymphocytes synthesized 8- to 26-fold more IgG per cell than ecto-5'-NT- B cells. These data provide the first direct evidence that ecto-5'-NT is a marker for the functional maturation of human B cells and support the hypothesis that ecto-5'-NT deficiency in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia results from a block in B lymphocyte maturation.
An unusual neurological manifestation of tuberculosis.
Authors: I M Wilkinson, R G Lascelles, L A Liversedge
Journal: BMJ (1973)

14' 1' 16b 17' 18' 19 ~2 I 2122 23 24 Day PIG. 3-Temperature and pulse chart showis effect of influenza-like illness, during which time ptient flt hot and sweated profusely until temperature returned to previous baseline.
Cancer Risk Among Atomic Bomb Survivors
Authors: Yukiko Shimizu
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This article summarizes the risk of cancer among the survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. We focus primarily on the risk of death from cancer among individuals in the Life Span Study sample of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation from 1950 through 1985 based on recently revised dosimetry procedures. We report the risk of cancer other than leukemia among the atomic bomb survivors. We note that the number of excess deaths of radiation-induced malignant tumors other than leukemia increases with age. Survivors who were exposed in the first or second decade of life have just entered the cancer-prone age and have so far exhibited a high relative risk in association with radiation dose. Whether the elevated risk will continue or will fall with time is not yet clear, although some evidence suggests that the risk may be declining. It is important to continue long-term follow-up of this cohort to document the changes with time since exposure and to provide direct rather than projected risks over the lifetime of an exposed individual.  (JAMA. 1990;264:601-604)
Flying a desk
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A hospital chief executive once sadly remarked to me, “Very few doctors can think at my level.” I remember trying to ignore the gesture his hand was making, rising as he said “my level.” This was in the 1980s, when the idea that a hospital secretary was higher than a consultant was mildly irritating. Today it is a given, and doctors are being encouraged to aspire to becoming a chief executive.⇑

That ambition never crossed my mind, perhaps because I grew up in the wrong era. My favourite childhood reading was …
Gastric fundal varices with an exposed microcoil after the combined BRTO and PTO therapy
Authors: H. Fukatsu, H. Kawamoto, R. Harada, K. Tsutsumi, M. Fujii, N. Kurihara, T. Ogawa, E. Ishida, Y. Okamoto, H. Okada, K. Sakaguchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with tarry stool as his chief complaint. He had been suffering from liver cirrhosis (type C) and had a clinical history of receiving treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Emergency upper endoscopic examination revealed gastric fundal varices with an erosion, in which a red spot was observed ([Fig. 1]) [1]. There were no other lesions which would result in tarry stool, including the esophageal varices. We therefore concluded that this red spot had caused gastric variceal hemorrhage. We performed a combined balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) procedure and percutaneous transhepatic obliteration (PTO) [2]. Percutaneous transhepatic portographic images showed that the afferent vein of the gastric varices consisted mainly of the posterior gastric vein ([Fig. 2 a]) and short gastric vein ([Fig. 2 b]), and that the efferent vein was the gastrorenal shunt [3]. Some microcoils were placed in the short gastric vein [4]. An occlusive balloon catheter was inserted through the gastrorenal shunt. The sclerosing agent used for BRTO was slowly infused through the posterior gastric vein in a antegrade manner [2]. In addition, some microcoils were also placed in the posterior gastric vein. Follow-up endoscopic examination after 10 days showed that the microcoil was exposed in the gastric erosion, and contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomographic images revealed no enhancement of the gastric varices. We therefore concluded that the gastric varices were completely thrombosed ([Fig. 3]). Follow-up endoscopic examination after 2 months showed disappearance of the gastric varices ([Fig. 4]).
Peripheral Arterial Disease in People With Diabetes
Authors: Peter Sheehan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The American Diabetes Association develops evidence-based clinical practice recommendations, or position statements, on medical issues related to diabetes. These statements are typically based on a thorough, balanced review of the literature.

Consensus statements are developed when there are clinical issues and insufficient evidence to produce a definitive position statement, as is the case for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in diabetes. Before the development of a consensus statement, a panel of …
Development of an artificial pancreas: the race is on
Authors: J. Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Laminin-5 as a Marker of Invasiveness in Cervical Lesions
Authors: B. Skyldberg, S. Salo, E. Eriksson, U. Aspenblad, B. Moberger, K. Tryggvason, G. Auer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1999)

Treatment decisions for cervical cancer, a common disease worldwide, depend on demonstrating whether or not tumor invasion of the surrounding tissue has occurred. Invasion can be difficult to assess by standard histopathologic methods, especially when limited amounts of tissue are available. Several studies of a variety of cancers have reported increased expression of laminin-5-an important attachment protein for epithelial cells-in invasive carcinomas. This study was designed to investigate whether the presence of laminin-5 is related to the invasive capacity of cervical lesions.We used immunohistochemical methods to stain archival, paraffin-embedded sections of cervical lesions with a polyclonal antibody specifically targeting the gamma2 chain of human laminin-5 protein. The study sample included 23 lesions of mild and moderate dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] 1 and 2, respectively), 32 lesions of severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ (CIN 3), 15 lesions of microinvasive cancer, and 20 lesions of frankly invasive cancer. Cellular proliferative activity was also investigated by the use of monoclonal MIB-1 (directed against the antigen Ki-67) and anticyclin A antibodies.Invasiveness of cervical lesions was positively associated with immunohistochemical staining of the gamma2 chain of laminin-5 (two-sided P =.001). All CIN 1 and CIN 2 lesions-except one CIN 2 lesion later shown to be invasive cancer-and 21 CIN 3 lesions tested negative for the gamma2 chain of laminin-5. Eleven CIN 3 lesions and all invasive cancers tested positive for this protein. One lymph node metastasis and a pleural metastasis from one of the patients with invasive cancer showed strong immunohistochemical positivity. Proliferative activity increased with advancement of the lesion but was not confined to cells positive for the gamma2 chain of laminin-5.These data suggest that antibodies directed against the gamma2 chain of laminin-5 can identify cervical lesions with invasive capacity and thus may be useful as a sensitive marker of early invasion.
Meniscal Derangement in the Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
Authors: Sidney Sideman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Degenerative arthritis was found in 18 knees examined in 70 cases of internal derangement of the knee joint seen during the past 3 years. Eleven of these patients, who did not respond to conservative treatment, underwent arthrotomy with medial meniscectomy, and in each of these cases attritional degeneration of the medial meniscus, secondary to degenerative arthritis, was found to have led to rupture of the meniscus. Full flexion or extension of the involved knee, due to displacement of the torn meniscus, was impossible in each case. Excision of the torn cartilage permitted return of function to these arthritic knee joints.
A Comparison of the Costs of and Quality of Life After Coronary Angioplasty or Coronary Surgery for Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: William S. Weintraub, Patrick D. Mauldin, Edmund Becker, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Spencer B. King
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The Emory Angioplasty Versus Surgery Trial (EAST) is a randomized trial that compares, by intention to treat, the clinical outcome and costs of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary surgery for multivessel coronary artery disease. Methods and Results The primary end point was a composite of death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, and a large reversible thallium defect at 3 years. Multiple measures of quality of life also were made. Charges were assessed from the hospital UB-82 bills; professional charges were assessed from the Emory Clinic. Hospital charges were reduced to cost through step-down accounting methods. All costs and charges were deflated to 1987 dollars. Costs were assessed for the initial hospitalization and the cumulative costs of the initial hospitalization and additional revascularization procedures for up to 3 years. There was no difference in mortality or the primary end point. Mean initial hospital charges were $12 654 for the PTCA group and $20 214 for the surgery group ( P &lt;.0001). Professional charges were $4538 for PTCA and $9426 for surgery ( P &lt;.0001). Three-year hospital charges were $19 047 for PTCA and $21 174 for coronary surgery ( P &lt;.0001). Three-year professional charges were $6412 for PTCA and $9861 for surgery ( P &lt;.0001). Three-year total charges were $25 458 for PTCA and $31 033 for surgery ( P &lt;.0001). Total 3-year costs were $23 734 for PTCA and $25 310 for coronary surgery ( P &lt;.0001). There were more hospitalizations for angina and more antianginal medications used in the PTCA group, which would further narrow the differences in cost. Conclusions There was no difference in the primary end point or its components at 3 years. Although the primary procedural costs of coronary surgery are more than for coronary angioplasty, this cost advantage is largely, although probably not completely, lost by 3 years because of more frequent additional procedures and other resource consumption after a first revascularization by PTCA.
Coronary Mortality: What Is Going On?
Authors: Weldon J. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1974)

CORONARY heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. During the past decade, medical and governmental leaders have proclaimed repeatedly that we are having an epidemic increase in death rate from this disease. Within the past few months an editorial in<i>Circulation</i>stated, "Cardiologists must be 'unreasonable men,' if they are to find a way to slow the rapidly<i>increasing</i>incidence of coronary heart disease."<sup>1</sup>The preface to the proceedings of a recent postgraduate course sponsored by the American College of Cardiology indicates that the rate of deaths from myocardial infarction continues unabated.<sup>2</sup>The introduction to<i>Medical World News Cardiovascular Review 1973</i>contains a similar statement. A recent national television program, "The Killers: 'Heart Disease—20th Century Epidemic' " indicated that prevention was not working and medicine had failed to stop the<i>rising death rate</i>from coronary artery disease. The vital statistics of the United States
Save the general practice record.
Authors: I. Loudon, J. Sheppard, J. T. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1989)

to buy their homes, but local authorities are entitled to use only a quarter of the capital receipts from house sales and half of those from land sales for new building.The government also restricts how much local authorities can borrow to pay for renovations and building.These policies are leading to a remorseless reduction of public housing stock and a deterioration in its quality.It costs up to £24 000 a year to place a family of three in bed and breakfast accommodation in London.In 1987 it was twice as expensive to keep a family in bed and breakfast accommodation as to provide a new council flat.As the report says, "Homes are cheaper than homelessness."It must be time to recognise these humanitarian and economic arguments and start investing in public housing.
More doctors have no legal representation at GMC hearings
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A growing number of doctors who face charges of misconduct or deficient performance by the UK’s medical regulator have no legal representation at hearings, show figures from the General Medical Council.

The statistics, obtained under the Freedom of Information Act, indicate that nearly half the doctors who faced hearings in recent periods have been unrepresented.

The GMC has supplied figures for three periods: October to December 2011, May to July 2012, and January to March 2013.

The three sets of figures are not directly comparable. One set does not specifically mention review hearings (those held to decide whether a suspension or restrictions should continue). Another set excludes interim order panel hearings, which have power to restrict a doctor’s practice pending a full hearing. But all show that a substantial proportion of doctors are unrepresented when their cases are heard.

Of 166 fitness to practise and interim order panel hearings …
Adult onset type II citrullinemia as a cause of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Hitoshi Takagi, Satoshi Hagiwara, Hiroaki Hashizume, Daisuke Kanda, Ken Sato, Naondo Sohara, Satoru Kakizaki, Hitomi Takahashi, Masatomo Mori, Hiroaki Kaneko, Susumu Ohwada, Miharu Ushikai, Keiko Kobayashi, Takeyori Saheki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
The chromosome translocation (11;14)(p13;q11) associated with T cell acute leukemia. Asymmetric diversification of the translocational junctions.
Authors: J T Cheng, C Y Yang, J Hernandez, J Embrey, R Baer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

The t(11;14)(p13;q13) translocation associated with T cell acute lymphocytic leukemia generates two abnormal chromosomes, designated 11p+ and 14q-. To investigate the mechanism of t(11;14)(p13;q11) formation, we analyzed the translocation junctions of 11p+ and 14q- from two patients. The 11p+ junctions consisted of precise fusions of a pseudo recombination signal from chromosome 11 and the downstream recombination signal of the TCR D delta 2 gene segment from chromosome 14. In contrast, the 14q- junctions from both patients were diversified by random loss and addition of nucleotides at the translocation site. This asymmetric pattern of junctional diversification is typical of normal Ig/TCR gene rearrangement, and therefore implies that the t(11;14)(p13;q11) translocation arose due to aberrant activity of the Ig/TCR recombinase.
Complete Heart Block, Prosthetic Aortic Valve, And Successful Pregnancy
Authors: Alan D. Forker
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In 1914, Nanta<sup>1</sup>reported the first case of acquired complete heart block in pregnancy and, in 1927, Laubry<sup>2</sup>reported the first case of congenital complete heart block in pregnancy. Since then numerous cases, both acquired and congenital, have been reported. In 1966, Ueland et al<sup>3</sup>described the first cases of pregnancy occurring in patients with intracardiac prosthetic valves. Thereafter, other reports followed of pregnancy in patients with aortic or mitral prosthesis or both. The following case records successful pregnancy in a patient with both congenital complete heart block and an aortic prosthetic valve. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 26-year-old white woman was the product of a normal pregnancy and delivery. A heart murmur and a slow heart rate were noted shortly after birth, when an electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed complete heart block. She was asymptomatic until 17 years of age, when shortness of breath and
Diagnostic Decision: The Complete Blood Count and Leukocyte Differential Count: An Approach to Their Rational Application
Authors: MARTIN F. SHAPIRO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The complete blood count and leukocyte differential count have no value in screening asymptomatic members of the general population. The complete blood count may be useful for screening infants in the first year of life, institutionalized elderly persons, pregnant women, and recent immigrants from Third World countries, if poor nutrition or inadequate iron intake is suspected. These tests are not useful for hospitalized patients, unless an abnormality is suspected or surgery with major blood loss is anticipated. It is appropriate to obtain the tests when a hematologic or infectious disorder is suspected, but they may not affect decision making if the diagnosis is clinically evident. The leukocyte differential count is unnecessary to confirm an infection in most cases in which leukocytosis is present. Repeat tests should be limited to situations where the clinical course is unclear, and at intervals long enough such that the results might affect clinical decision making.
Antiviral activity of the hepatitis C virus polymerase inhibitor filibuvir in genotype 1-infected patients
Authors: Frank Wagner, Robert Thompson, Constantino Kantaridis, Paul Simpson, Philip J. F. Troke, Shyla Jagannatha, Srividya Neelakantan, Vivek S. Purohit, Jennifer L. Hammond
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract: More effective and better-tolerated therapies are needed for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Among the direct-acting anti-HCV agents in development is the nonstructural 5B protein (NS5B polymerase) non-nucleoside inhibitor filibuvir. We investigated the antiviral activity, pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of multiple doses of filibuvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients who were chronically infected with HCV genotype 1 in two phase 1b clinical studies (study 1 was a randomized, placebo-controlled dose escalation study and study 2 was a nonrandomized, open-label study). The filibuvir doses evaluated ranged from 200–1400 mg daily, and the duration of dosing ranged from 3–10 days. Genotypic changes in the NS5B nucleotide sequence following short-term filibuvir therapy were also assessed. Filibuvir potently inhibited viral replication in a dose-dependent manner. Mean maximum HCV RNA change from baseline ranged from −0.97 log 10 IU/mL with filibuvir given at 100 mg twice daily to −2.30 log 10 IU/mL with filibuvir given at 700 mg twice daily in treatment-naive patients. In treatment-experienced patients, an HCV RNA reduction of 2.20 log 10 IU/mL was achieved with filibuvir given at 450 mg twice daily. Filibuvir was well tolerated in both studies. Adverse events were mild or moderate in severity. No discontinuations, serious adverse events, or deaths were reported. NS5B sequencing identified residue 423 as the predominant site of mutation after filibuvir dosing. Conclusion: Filibuvir administration resulted in significant reductions in HCV RNA concentrations at doses that were well tolerated in patients infected with HCV genotype 1. Filibuvir is currently being evaluated in combination with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients. (Hepatology 2011;)
LEFT ATRIAL (LA) THROMBUS INDEX IS A SENSITIVE TEST FOR THE DETECTION OF LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE (LAA) THROMBUS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF) PATIENTS WITH CHADS2 SCORE ?1
Authors: Srilatha R. Ayirala, Simi Kumar, David O'Sullivan, David Silverman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effects of verapamil on hepatic and systemic hemodynamics and liver function in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Authors: Miquel Navasa, Jaime Bosch, Jürg Reichen, Conxita Bru, Ricardo Mastai, Thomas Zysset, Guillermo Silva, Jaime Chesta, Joan Rodés
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

The effects of verapamil on hepatic and systemic hemodynamics and on liver function were investigated in 10 patients with portal hypertension due to advanced micronodular cirrhosis to verify whether, as it has been suggested, this calcium channel blocker may improve liver function and reduce portal pressure in these patients. The oral administration of 100 mg of verapamil caused systemic vasodilation, evidenced by a significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (−8.1 ± 7.6%, p &lt; 0.025) and systemic vascular resistance (−12.5 ± 9.5%, p &lt; 0.001), and increased heart rate (+13.9 ± 10.4%, p &lt; 0.01). However, no beneficial effect was noted on portal pressure evaluated by hepatic vein catheterization (baseline 19.8 ± 4.0, verapamil 20.2 ± 3.6 mmHg, NS), hepatic blood flow (1.45 ± 0.64 vs. 1.47 ± 0.62 liters per min, NS) and hepatic vascular resistance (1.314 ± 611 vs. 1,266 ± 513 dyn per sec per cm −5 , NS). Similarly, no change was observed in portal blood flow, measured in six patients by pulsed Doppler flowmeter (0.94 ± 0.30 vs. 0.89 ± 0.35 liter per min, NS). In addition, verapamil did not increase the hepatic intrinsic clearance of these patients (0.20 ± 0.07 vs. 0.19 ± 0.06 liter per min, NS). This study suggests that verapamil is of no beneficial effect in patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver.