tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Prediction of Long-term Cure in Patients with the Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: The Best Approach
Authors: Vitaly A. Fishbeyn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

To identify the best method for determining freedom from disease after gastrinoma resection and for predicting long-term disease-free status in patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.Prospective study in consecutive patients.Referral-based clinical research center.Eighty-one consecutive patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome who underwent surgical exploration for gastrinoma resection.Patients were evaluated after gastrinoma resection, before discharge, 3 to 6 months after surgery, and yearly thereafter. Evaluation included secretin provocative testing and fasting serum gastrin determinations. Follow-up examinations after the initial postoperative evaluations included a clinical assessment, acid secretion studies, a calcium provocative test, and various imaging studies.Most patients (96%) had gastrinomas. Freedom from disease was defined by improved symptoms, reduced acid output and antisecretory drug requirements, and a normal gastrin level, normal imaging studies, and negative gastrin provocative studies. Fifty-two percent of patients (n = 42) were disease-free immediately after surgery, 44% at 3 to 6 months, 42% at 1 year, and 35% by 5 years (mean follow-up, 39 months). The secretin provocative test was the first test to become positive in 45% of patients with a recurrence, the serum gastrin determination was the first test to become positive in 36%, and both tests became positive at the same time in 18%. No recurrence was first detected by imaging studies or by calcium provocative testing. Fasting serum gastrin levels and secretin provocative test results at different postoperative times can be used to predict the probability of a patient remaining disease free at 3 years. Patients with a normal gastrin level and a normal secretin provocative test immediately after surgery had a 3-year disease-free probability of 75%, and normal results on both tests at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years yielded respective probabilities of 88%, 95%, and 100%.Both the secretin provocative test and fasting serum gastrin determination are necessary for the early diagnosis of cases of recurrent disease after gastrinoma resection. The calcium provocative test and imaging studies do not detect any recurrences first. Fasting serum gastrin determinations and secretin provocative testing at different postoperative times can be used to predict the probability of a patient remaining disease free at 3 years.
Common variants on 1p36 and 1q42 are associated with cutaneous basal cell carcinoma but not with melanoma or pigmentation traits
Authors: Simon N Stacey, Daniel F Gudbjartsson, Patrick Sulem, Jon T Bergthorsson, Rajiv Kumar, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Margret Jakobsdottir, Bardur Sigurgeirsson, Kristrun R Benediktsdottir, Kristin Thorisdottir, Rafn Ragnarsson, Dominique Scherer, Peter Rudnai, Eugene Gurzau, Kvetoslava Koppova, Veronica Höiom, Rafael Botella-Estrada, Virtudes Soriano, Pablo Juberías, Matilde Grasa, Francisco J Carapeto, Pilar Tabuenca, Yolanda Gilaberte, Julius Gudmundsson, Steinunn Thorlacius, Agnar Helgason, Theodora Thorlacius, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Thorarinn Blondal, Sigurjon A Gudjonsson, Gudbjörn F Jonsson, Jona Saemundsdottir, Kristleifur Kristjansson, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Steinunn G Sveinsdottir, Magali Mouy, Frank Geller, Eduardo Nagore, José I Mayordomo, Johan Hansson, Thorunn Rafnar, Augustine Kong, Jon H Olafsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Dr Todd looks toward AMA's future
Authors: D. L. Breo
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Calcium supplementation of the diet: Author's reply
Authors: J A Kanis, R Passmore
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The Acheson report contains some novel pro- posals but acknowledges the current shortage of trained and skilled public health doctors to fill the posts of director of public health or district control of infection officer.But there seems to be a rush to fill these posts in many districts, particularly in North West Thames Region.If these posts are filled with unqualified and inexperienced doctors the consequences will be lingering and far reaching.As a singlehanded microbiologist I join Pro- fessor Casewell in his plea for implementing the Royal College of Pathologists' recommendation for appointing a second consultant microbiologist immediately in some larger district general hos- pitals.If this proves difficult an interim measure would be to combine the post of district control of infection officer and second microbiologist in some districts.There are several qualified and experi- enced senior registrars in microbiology who, with a short training in public health, could fill these posts.
Human epidermal basal keratinocytes express CDw29 antigens
Authors: M.J. STAQUET, C. DEZUTTER-DAMBUYANT, G. ZAMBRUNO, D. SCHMITT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Two monoclonal antibodies, K20 and 4B4, assigned to the CDw29 cluster of differentiation antigens, were shown to react with basal keratinocytes (BK). The aim of this study was to identify the antigens recognized by K20 and 4B4 on epidermal cells, and to determine whether they were identical to those found on lymphocytes. Basal keratinocyte-enriched cell suspensions were labelled with 125I and then 1% NP40 cell lysates were used for immunoprecipitation. Under reducing conditions, K20 and 4B4 immunoprecipitated from basal keratinocytes a broad MW 105,000 band and proteins of MW 145,000, 90,000 and 80,000. Under non-reducing conditions, each band was shifted down by approximately 5000 MW. Metabolic labelling studies demonstrated that the MW 145,000 and 105,000 subunits were synthesized by basal keratinocytes. On lymphoid cells, K20 and 4B4 are known to precipitate glycoprotein complexes made of a broad MW 130,000 protein band (beta subunit) associated with a protein of MW 150,000 (alpha subunit) and proteins of MW 90,000 and 80,000 expressed in very low amounts. The MW 145,000 and 105,000 bands immunoprecipitated by K20 from basal keratinocytes correspond to the alpha and beta subunits present on lymphoid cells. It has recently been demonstrated that K20 recognizes the common beta subunit of the very late antigens family (VLA) and that 4B4 defines the helper-inducer subset of T lymphocytes. The present investigation provides evidence that basal keratinocytes share antigens of the VLA family with lymphoid cells and that they play an important role in the immune response in the skin-immune system.
Ultrastructural changes in four cases of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
Authors: PATRICIA R. MANN, M.A. COWAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

The ultrastructural changes in extragenital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus have been studied in four cases. The most pronounced changes are present in the dermis, where there are collagen degeneration and regeneration and increased amounts of elastin. The basal lamina shows holes, long gaps, and replication. Degenerate dermal material passes into the epidermis, which has increased numbers of Langerhans' cells and decreased numbers of melanocytes. These phenomena are discussed.
Restoration of insulin responsiveness in skeletal muscle of morbidly obese patients after weight loss. Effect on muscle glucose transport and glucose transporter GLUT4.
Authors: J E Friedman, G L Dohm, N Leggett-Frazier, C W Elton, E B Tapscott, W P Pories, J F Caro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

A major defect contributing to impaired insulin action in human obesity is reduced glucose transport activity in skeletal muscle. This study was designed to determine whether the improvement in whole body glucose disposal associated with weight reduction is related to a change in skeletal muscle glucose transport activity and levels of the glucose transporter protein GLUT4. Seven morbidly obese (body mass index = 45.8 +/- 2.5, mean +/- SE) patients, including four with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), underwent gastric bypass surgery for treatment of their obesity. In vivo glucose disposal during a euglycemic clamp at an insulin infusion rate of 40 mU/m2 per min was reduced to 27% of nonobese controls (P less than 0.01) and improved to 78% of normal after weight loss of 43.1 +/- 3.1 kg (P less than 0.01). Maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity in incubated muscle fibers was reduced by approximately 50% in obese patients at the time of gastric bypass surgery but increased twofold (P less than 0.01) to 88% of normal in five separate patients after similar weight reduction. Muscle biopsies obtained from vastus lateralis before and after weight loss revealed no significant change in levels of GLUT4 glucose transporter protein. These data demonstrate conclusively that insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of mobidly obese patients with and without NIDDM cannot be causally related to the cellular content of GLUT4 protein. The results further suggest that morbid obesity contributes to whole body insulin resistance through a reversible defect in skeletal muscle glucose transport activity. The mechanism for this improvement may involve enhanced transporter translocation and/or activation.
Regulation of autoimmune inflammation by myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: E. Kontaki, M. Ioannou, T. Alissafi, K. A. Papadakis, D. Boumpas, P. Verginis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Restoration of immune homeostasis and self-tolerance represent the ultimate goal of autoimmune diseases. Although a variety of therapeutic targets are employed, a large number of patients with autoimmune syndromes fail to either respond to current therapy or to achieve long-lasting remission after its cessation. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) encompass a newly described population of cells that potently suppress immune responses however their role in autoimmune inflammatory diseases is poorly understood. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Using flow cytometry, the authors assessed the presence of CD11b Gr1+ MDSCs in the spleen and draining lymph nodes of mice with trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS)-induced colitis and control-treated mice. Furthermore, the authors monitored the expansion of the monocytic (CD11b Ly6C+ Ly6G<sub>−</sub>) and granulocytic (CD11b Ly6G+ Ly6C<sub>−</sub>) subsets of MDSCs in the peripheral lymphoid compartments. <h3>Results</h3> The authors observed an increased accumulation of CD11b Gr1+ MDSCs in the spleen of TNBS-treated mice, compared to control group. Among the MDSCs, the granulocytic Ly6G+ subset was significantly enriched in TNBS-treated mice both in spleen and lymph nodes. Extensive phenotypic characterisation of sorted Ly6G+ MDSCs revealed an increased expression of the inhibitory molecule PD-L1, but not PD-L2, indicating that MDSCs might mediate their function via the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This data demonstrate a preferential expansion of granulocytic Ly6G+ MDSCs during the effector phase of the inflammatory response. Ongoing work would address the potential role of this cell subset in inhibiting established disease and elucidate the mechanisms used by MDSCs for the suppression of autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome
Authors: David L. Sagman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  The letter by Anderson (220:127, 1972) reporting the Guillain-Barre syndrome as a complication of allergic immunotherapy brought to mind a young man under my care during neurology residency who developed a hemiparesis following an influenza vaccine injection. Within one year he developed other episodes typical of multiple sclerosis.  In reviewing the literature for information about allergy and central nervous system disorders, it became apparent that the Landry-Guillain-Barre syndrome had been a frequent expression of such reactions. E. Uehlinger ( Schweiz Med Wochenschr 87:813, 1957) has reported Landry's paralysis after poliomyelitis vaccination. It is a well-known complication of antirabies vaccine, and, indeed, almost every known prophylactic inoculation: Miller and Stanton ( Quart J Med 23:1, 1954).  Although I know of no case following a pollen, dust, mold extract injection, I share Dr. Anderson's concern about a possible causal relationship after learning about the vagaries of foreign protein reactions and the
Abdominal symptoms are poor at predicting ovarian cancer, study finds
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Only one in every 100 women in the general population with persistent symptoms such as abdominal bloating and pain, which are being used in campaigns to trigger medical review for ovarian cancer, would go on to be diagnosed with the condition, says a study that questions the value of using this approach to improve early diagnosis.

US cancer societies published a consensus in 2007 recommending that women who experienced certain symptoms almost daily for a few weeks should seek medical help, in efforts to diagnose ovarian cancer sooner and improve outcomes. The symptoms included bloating; pelvic, or abdominal pain; difficulty eating or feeling full quickly; and urinary urgency or frequency. Research has shown that these symptoms are more likely to occur in women with ovarian cancer than in the general population (www.wcn.org/articles/types\_of\_cancer/ovarian/symptoms/concensus_statement.html).

To test the value of this approach in diagnosing ovarian cancer at an early stage, researchers interviewed 812 women with epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosed between 2002 …
Obesity as a risk factor for colorectal polyps in Japanese patients
Authors: M Tashiro
Journal: Gut (2003)

Cyclooxygenase 2 selective inhibitor induced bowel stricture: a case report Several reports have mentioned the role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in inducing diaphragm disease and strictures in the small and large bowel. [1]2][3] To our knowledge, there is no such report in patients treated with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors.We report the case of a 55 year old man with a past history of axial spondylarthropathy, successfully treated with NSAID from 1975 to 2001; from February 2001, he was treated with celecoxib 400 mg per day for three weeks and then 200 mg/day for two years.He had previous abdominal surgery (appendicectomy) in 1965.He presented with a 24 hour history of central abdominal pain with persistent vomiting.Clinical and radiological examination confirmed small bowel obstruction.At laparoscopy, a distal ileal obstruction was identified.Coelioscopic laparotomy was then performed, showing evidence of bowel wall stricture; 10 cm of the distal ileum was spared.Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the resected specimen was consistent with a diagnosis of stricture on submucosal ulceration of the small bowel.This condition is known to be associated with long term use of NSAID.The COX-2 specific inhibitors have been developed in order to improve the gastrointestinal safety of therapy with NSAID.In various clinical trials, COX-2 selective inhibitors have been shown to have similar efficacy to NSAID, with a concomitant association with fewer endoscopic ulcers and serious lower gastrointestinal events. 3 This case suggests that COX-2 selective inhibitors can induce bowel wall ulcerations, followed by submucosa fibrosis, which may cause strictures or diaphragm-like disease.
Fatty Liver of Endocrine Origin
Authors: J. Gillman, C. Gilbert
Journal: BMJ (1958)

Fatty liver is one 'of ikhe constant features of African late afternoon.The morning urine sample was infants suffering from pellagra and kwashiorkor-(Gill-daily for its sugar content and twice weekly a che man and Gillman, 1945).,A-mildly fatty liver containing kept on the resting blood sugar.In this manr approximately 8% of 1ptl lipiyls early in the illness may insulin requirements of each baboon were estal evolve into one contairng .over40 T of tot lipids with-The maintenance dose of insulin ranged from 24 in nine days (Gillman an4Gillman, 1951).Such a rapid units daily and was not related proportionally evolution of tlhe fatty c4mge suggested that the acute body weight of the baboon.Four of the depancr episode in infants was the result of a sudden metabolic male baboons were totally hypophysectomized a disorder occurring against a background of chronic mal-vals of 4 to 15 months after removal of the pa nutrition.This view implies that there are two stages the operation being performed according to the i in the natural history of florid kwashiorkor and infantile of Dr. E. Epstein (to be published).pellagra.The first, determined by chronic malnutrition, Three male and 10 female baboons were is initiated before or soon after weaning.No fatty liver thyroidectomized.An additional five female b develops during this stage, but the reactivity of the were hypophysectomized, while in the remaining t infant is altered, with the result that a mild intercurrent stalk of the pituitary gland was sectioned.Th4 infection, a sudden change in temperature, or a mild was effected by inserting a platinum plate betw4 gastro-intestinal upset may "Precipitate the second stage, pituitary and the diaphragma sellae, thereby ex which declares itself as florid kwashiorkor or as infantile any possibility of a vascular connexion being r pellagra.During the second stage a fatty liver develops lished between the pituitary and the hypothalam rapidly.According to Davies (1948) and Trowell et al.Cortisone was administered on a body weight (1954), this fatty liver is possibly due to " an almost com-namely, 1 mg./kg.body weight/day, the injectior plete suppression of the pancreatic enzymes from the given in two divided doses.Except where stated
Repetitive Ventricular Arrhythmia Resulting from Artificial Internal Pacemaker
Authors: MORTON E. TAVEL, CHARLES FISCH
Journal: Circulation (1964)

We have presented a case summary of a patient in whom several periods of repetitive ventricular arrhythmia—at times indistinguishable from fibrillation—were induced by artificial internal pacemaker stimuli falling in the T wave of a preceding cycle (the vulnerable period). Ours is the third such case to be reported and, although this repetitive response is said to be rare, the exact incidence remains to be determined. The theoretical and clinical implications are discussed and possible explanations are given for why such small artificial stimuli are capable of evoking such serious arrhythmias in certain patients. We also have suggested measures that might reduce the likelihood for this complication to arise.
Abrogation of CD30 and OX40 signals prevents autoimmune disease in FoxP3-deficient mice
Authors: Fabrina M.Gaspal, David Withers, Manoj Saini, Vasileios Bekiaris, Fiona M. McConnell, Andrea White, Mahmood Khan, Hideo Yagita, Lucy S.K. Walker, Graham Anderson, Peter J.L. Lane
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

Our previous studies have implicated signaling through the tumor necrosis family receptors OX40 and CD30 as critical for maintaining CD4 memory responses. We show that signals through both molecules are also required for CD4 effector-mediated autoimmune tissue damage. Under normal circumstances, male mice deficient in the forkhead transcription factor FoxP3, which lack regulatory CD4 T cells, develop lethal autoimmune disease in the first few weeks of life. However, in the combined absence of OX40 and CD30, FoxP3-deficient mice develop normally and breed successfully. The extensive tissue infiltration and organ destruction characteristic of FoxP3 disease does not appear in these mice, and their mortality is not associated with autoimmunity. Although the absence of OX40 plays the dominant role, FoxP3-deficient mice sufficient in CD30 but deficient in OX40 signals still eventually develop lethal disease. This result was supported by the observation that blocking antibodies to OX40 and CD30 ligands also abrogated disease mediated by FoxP3-deficient T cells. These observations identify OX40 and CD30 signals as essential for the development of clinically relevant CD4-dependent autoimmunity and suggest that combination therapies that abrogate these signals might be used to treat established human autoimmune diseases.
A Handy Way to Clean Tubes.
Authors: F. H. Jenks
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Elgin, Ill., Aug. 23, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Being interested in the use of the hematocrit and the hematocytometer, I wish to mention a few matters of technique which I have followed that have facilitated the the use of these instruments. The hematocrit percentage tubes are usually accompanied with a dropper and rubber tube connection, presumably to be used for filling and cleaning them. It will be found difficult to fill a percentage tube by the use of the dropper from one drop of blood without admitting air at the same time. If the tube is perfectly clean it can be much more easily filled by placing its point in the drop of blood and allowing it to fill by capillary attraction, but the success of the procedure depends on the cleanliness of the tube. The slightest coating of fibrin in the tube prevents it from filling, but if absolute