tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drug points: Pharyngeal blistering with combined inhaler therapy
Authors: A S High
Journal: BMJ (1987)

The report by Dr M K Albazzaz and others (13 December, p 1537) sheds light on a recent case of a 38 year old man with ankylosing spondylitis admitted to the renal unit in oligoanuric renal failure (creatinine 800 [tmol/l).He had been taking azapro- pazone 600 mg daily for the previous 12 months.Ultrasound examination showed normal sized kid- neys, and a renal biopsy showed only areas of focal interstitial fibrosis.The azapropazone was withdrawn and after dietary management his renal function recovered to a creatinine clearance of 30 ml/min.Acute renal failure has been reported in patients who developed acute pyelonephritis while taking non- steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (including azapro- pazone),I and the interactions between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the kidneys have been reviewed.2The mechanism of our patient's mild chronic renal impairment was presumably drug in- duced interstitial fibrosis,3 but in view of the above report and the lack of evidence of glomerular or tubular damage on renal biopsy the pathogenesis of his acute episode is likely to have been allergic.Extreme care is needed in evaluating the risk-benefit ratio when prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.1 Atkinson LK, Goodship THJ, Ward MK.Acute renal failure associated with acute pyelonephritis and consumption of non- steroidal anti-inflamnatory drugs.
STUDIES BASED ON A MALIGNANT TUMOR OF THE RABBIT
Authors: Louise Pearce, Wade H. Brown
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1923)

As a part of a general investigation of a malignant tumor of the rabbit, the phenomena of metastasis were studied in a group of 191 animals. The results of this investigation are presented from the standpoint of the relation of metastasis to animal resistance. The incidence and distribution of different classes of lesions are given and the peculiarities of the growth in different organs and tissues are described with especial reference to the time and circumstances of their occurrence and the relation of metastases in one organ or tissue to those of another. It was found that while the picture presented by different animals varied greatly, there was a remarkable degree of uniformity in the character of the lesions in a given organ or tissue and in the circumstances under which metastases occurred in a given location. It was thus possible to establish a relationship between the distribution of metastases and the function of animal resistance. In brief, the conclusion was reached that the peculiarities of metastatic involvement displayed by individual animals were not entirely attributable to chance distribution of tumor cells but that they were founded very largely upon constitutional differences and that the picture presented in any given instance represented an expression of the interaction between tumor and host, the character and force of which were indicated by the nature and distribution of the lesions or by the organs and tissues affected.
MER/29 and Loss of Hair
Authors: Edward S. Koziol
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Two patients have been observed recently with an unusual complication following the use of MER/29. A report of this side effect has not been discovered by me in the available literature. Both patients, white females, aged 70 years, noted the onset of generalized heavy loss of hair from the scalp upon starting this medication. There was no evidence of any local disease of the scalp, either before or during this period of time. No other cause of the severe hair loss was known. The medication had been given for several months before these patients informed me of the hair loss. About half of their hair was lost during this time. After drug administration was discontinued, one patient reported 80% decrease in hair loss. The other patient states that the hair loss has continued. Up to the present time, there has been no regrowth of hair in either
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Biological, Medical, Social, and Legal Issues
Authors: Virginia M. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<b>AIDS Update 1994-1995: An Annual Overview of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome</b>, by Gerald J. Stine, 381 pp, with illus, paper, $19.60, ISBN 0-13-317918-4, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall, 1995. Two new books, a hardcover text and a paperback annual, both by Gerald J. Stine, are intended for college courses on the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The books share similar tables of contents, photographs, diagrams, summaries, glossary, and index. Both contain nearly identical material, except for an additional 100 pages in the larger text emphasizing legal and economic aspects. Chapters include controversial topics for class discussion, followed by questions and answers, which enable readers to test their comprehension of salient points. Both books provide a clear presentation of scientific facts and treat complicated concepts and controversial notions on the cause of AIDS as well as public policy issues in a refreshingly forthright manner. A chronology of the first 15 years documents
Regulation of <i>hdm2</i> by Stress-Induced <i>hdm2alt1</i> in Tumor and Nontumorigenic Cell Lines Correlating with p53 Stability
Authors: Chrisanne S. Dias, Yan Liu, Amy Yau, Lindsay Westrick, Susan C. Evans
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Alternative and aberrant splicing of hdm2 occurs in tumor and normal tissues. However, the factors that induce these splice variants and whether they are translated to protein products in vivo is unknown, making it difficult to decipher which of these hdm2 transcripts have a normal physiologic function or contribute to carcinogenesis. We investigated the conditions that induce this post-transcriptional modification of hdm2 in tumor and nontumorigenic cell lines. We showed that UV and γ radiation as well as cisplatin treatment induced alternative splicing of hdm2, which resulted in a single splice variant, hdm2alt1, irrespective of the cell type. Interestingly, the mechanism of UV-induced splicing is independent of p53 status. Immunoanalysis revealed that, after UV radiation, HDM2ALT1 protein was expressed and interacted with HDM2 that correlated to increased p53 protein levels and its accumulation in the nucleus, whereas HDM2 localized more to the cytoplasm with a decrease in its RNA and protein level. We propose that stress-induced HDM2ALT1 regulates HDM2 at two levels, RNA and protein, further modulating the p53-HDM2 interaction or interactions of HDM2 with other cell cycle regulatory proteins. This kind of regulation may possibly restrict oncogenic functions of HDM2 and contribute to the many protective responses triggered by certain stress signals. Our data imply that HDM2ALT1 possesses a normal physiologic function in damaged cells, perhaps facilitating cellular defense. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(19): 9467-73)
Gestational diabetes: new criteria may triple the prevalence but effect on outcomes is unclear
Authors: T. Cundy, E. Ackermann, E. A. Ryan
Journal: BMJ (2014)

This article is part of a series on overdiagnosis looking at the risks and harms to patients of expanding definitions of disease and increasing use of new diagnostic technologies.Maternal obesity, excess maternal weight gain during pregnancy, and gestational diabetes are all associated with large for gestational age infants and other adverse outcomes.With obesity being a major risk factor for gestational diabetes (diabetes first recognised in pregnancy), the increasing incidence of the condition is unsurprising.Treatment of obesity during pregnancy has disappointingly little effect on the numbers of babies born large for gestational age, but treatment of gestational diabetes is more successful.This has led to an emphasis on diagnosing and treating gestational diabetes, but do the recently proposed diagnostic criteria 1 that triple its prevalence make sense?Is it good clinical care, or yet another example of overdiagnosis?A label of gestational diabetes brings with it an intervention package that includes glucose monitoring; extra clinic visits; more obstetric monitoring with greater likelihood of labour induction, operative delivery, and admission of the baby to special care; and, finally, for the mother, a label of high risk for diabetes.We argue that the diagnostic changes are unjustified because they are based on the results of an observational study and use a test that has poor reproducibility.Furthermore, there is no evidence of any treatment benefit from interventional studies.
Hyperventilation and asymptomatic chronic asthma
Authors: C A Osborne, B J O'Connor, A Lewis, V Kanabar, W N Gardner
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> We have consistently argued that mild asthma is an important underlying aetiological factor in patients with severe symptomatic hyperventilation. While hyperventilation has been demonstrated in acute asthma, there have been few studies in mild chronic asthma, and mechanisms are uncertain. <h3>METHODS</h3> Twenty three currently asymptomatic chronically asthmatic patients (occasional use of bronchodilators, normal lung function, hyperresponsive to methacholine) were studied and 17 matched normal subjects acted as controls. Ventilation, pattern of breathing, arterial carbon dioxide and oxygen tensions (Paco<sub>2</sub>, Pao<sub>2</sub>), end tidal Pco<sub>2</sub>(Petco<sub>2</sub>), standard lung function, airway responsiveness to methacholine, airway inflammation assessed by eosinophils in induced sputum, and psychiatric morbidity (Spielberger STAI-Y and Beck Depression Inventory) were measured. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Despite the absence of current asthmatic symptoms, no clinical evidence of hyperventilation, and normal lung function in the patients with asthma, Paco<sub>2</sub> and Petco<sub>2</sub> were significantly (p&lt;0.01) lower in the patients than in the control group (mean (SD) Paco<sub>2</sub> 4.96 (0.43) kPa for patients versus 5.27 (0.38) kPa for controls (mean difference 0.31 kPa, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.06 to 0.56, p&lt;0.02)). Petco<sub>2</sub> was very similar to Paco<sub>2</sub> in both groups (mean (SD) Petco<sub>2</sub> 4.89 (0.47) kPa for the patients and 5.28 (0.40) for the controls (mean difference 0.39 kPa, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.66, p&lt;0.01)). There was no significant difference in ventilation or respiratory pattern between the two groups. The reduced Paco<sub>2</sub> in the asthmatic patients correlated significantly with the concentration of methacholine provoking a fall in FEV<sub>1</sub> of more than 20% (PC<sub>20</sub>) (<i>r</i> = 0.56, p&lt;0.01) but not with any aspect of lung function, eosinophil count, or anxiety/depression. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Mild asymptomatic asthma is not associated with clinically significant hyperventilation but is associated with a significant reduction in both arterial and end tidal Pco<sub>2</sub> which relates to airway hyperresponsiveness rather than to the degree of airway obstruction or mucosal inflammation. Anxiety and depression appear not to be implicated.
Associations Between Media Consumption Habits, Physical Activity, Socioeconomic Status, and Glycemic Control in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Angela Galler, Maren Lindau, Andrea Ernert, Ralf Thalemann, Klemens Raile
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

To evaluate the relationship between media consumption habits, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.In the cross-sectional study, self-report questionnaires were used to assess media consumption habits, physical activity, and socioeconomic status in 296 children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Clinical data and HbA(1c) levels were collected. Risk factors were analyzed by multiple regression.Youths with type 1 diabetes (aged 13.7 ± 4.1 years, HbA(1c) 8.7 ± 1.6%, diabetes duration 6.1 ± 3.3 years) spent 2.9 ± 1.8 h per day watching television and using computers. Weekly physical activity was 5.1 ± 4.5 h. Multiple regression analysis identified diabetes duration, socioeconomic status, and daily media consumption time as significant risk factors for glycemic control.Diabetes duration, socioeconomic status, and daily media consumption time, but not physical activity, were significant risk factors for glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes.
TCT-387 Diagnostic Accuracy Of Optical Coherence Tomography Compared To Fractional Flow Reserve For The Severity Assessment Of Coronary Lesions: A Bivariate Meta-analysis
Authors: Georgios Siontis, Lorenz Raber, Konstantinos Siontis, Peter Jüni, Stephan Windecker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 471: RNAi target evaluation in clinically relevant murine model of colon cancer metastasis
Authors: Piotr G. Rychahou, B. M. Evers
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Significant challenges remain before RNA interference (RNAi) becomes a reality in practice. Identifying the appropriate genes to target and evaluating these agents in clinically relevant animal models of metastatic cancer are critical. Short- and long-term side effects and potential in vivo toxicities of RNAi therapy are largely unknown due to lack of animal models to simultaneously evaluate RNAi effect on both cancer cells, tumor microenvironment and the host organism. The purpose of our present study was to establish a murine model for metastatic colon cancer which will allow us to evaluate the effect of RNAi on tumor metastases as well as potential side effects to the normal host. METHODS. Murine colon cancer cell lines, CT26 and MC26, expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected intrasplenically into either Balb/C or Swiss-Webster mice at concentrations of 1×106, 2.5×106 and 5×106 in a volume of 100 uL. Tumor growth and metastasis were monitored for 30 days. To demonstrate siRNA delivery into colon cancer metastasis to the liver, Cy3-labeled siRNA was used. siRNA formulated in DOTAP was administered via tail vein, and mice were sacrificed at 1, 4 and 24 h postinjection. Frozen-section fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate siRNA delivery and distribution in metastatic liver tumors. RESULTS. We observed extensive metastases in Balb/C mice injected intrasplenically with CT26 cells. The optimal concentration for metastasis was 2.5×106 cells. No intrasplenic tumor growth or metastasis was observed in Swiss-Webster mice after intrasplenic CT26 tumor cell injection or in Balb/C and Swiss-Webster mice after MC26 injection. We also demonstrated Cy3-labeled siRNA delivery into metastatic liver tumors as early as 1 h postinjection. CONCLUSIONS. Intrasplenic injection of CT26 cells offers a clinically relevant murine model for metastatic colorectal cancer and will facilitate evaluation of RNAi therapeutic targets against metastatic cancer. This model will also be useful in the assessment of the effects of RNAi on the tumor microenvironment and possible toxicity to normal host cells. Furthermore, this model may predict the clinical course and the ultimate in vivo response to RNAi therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 471.
Nonredundant roles for Stat5a/b in directly regulating Foxp3
Authors: Zhengju Yao, Yuka Kanno, Marc Kerenyi, Geoffrey Stephens, Lydia Durant, Wendy T. Watford, Arian Laurence, Gertraud W. Robinson, Ethan M. Shevach, Richard Moriggl, Lothar Hennighausen, Changyou Wu, John J. O'Shea
Journal: Blood (2007)
A large community outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal, October to November 2014
Authors: T Shivaji, C Sousa Pinto, A San-Bento, L A Oliveira Serra, J Valente, J Machado, T Marques, L Carvalho, P J Nogueira, B Nunes, P Vasconcelos
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Trabectedin in combination with doxorubicin for first-line treatment of advanced uterine or soft-tissue leiomyosarcoma (LMS-02): a non-randomised, multicentre, phase 2 trial
Authors: Patricia Pautier, Anne Floquet, Christine Chevreau, Nicolas Penel, Cécile Guillemet, Corinne Delcambre, Didier Cupissol, Frédéric Selle, Nicolas Isambert, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Antoine Thyss, François Bertucci, Emmanuelle Bompas, Jerôme Alexandre, Olivier Collard, Sandrine Lavau-Denes, Patrick Soulié, Maud Toulmonde, Axel Le Cesne, Benjamin Lacas, Florence Duffaud
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Star-branched amphiphilic PLA-b-PDMAEMA copolymers for co-delivery of miR-21 inhibitor and doxorubicin to treat glioma
Authors: Xiaomin Qian, Lixia Long, Zhendong Shi, Chaoyong Liu, Mingzhe Qiu, Jing Sheng, Peiyu Pu, Xubo Yuan, Yu Ren, Chunsheng Kang
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
The Circumferential Small-Bowel Ulcer
Authors: Leon Morgenstern
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In 17 additional cases of circumferential small-bowel ulcer, thiazide potassium chloride therapy seems implicated in the causation of the lesion. In patients receiving this therapy symptoms of postprandial crampy abdominal pain, occurring over a period of days, weeks, or months, should suggest the diagnosis. Perforation of such an ulcer should be suspected when such a patient has an acute condition within the abdomen. Careful x-ray studies may confirm the diagnosis preoperatively.
Proliferation induced by keratinocyte growth factor enhances in vivo retroviral-mediated gene transfer to mouse hepatocytes.
Authors: A Bosch, P B McCray, S M Chang, T R Ulich, W S Simonet, D J Jolly, B L Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Retroviral gene transfer to liver without prior injury has not yet been accomplished. We hypothesized that recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor would stimulate proliferation of hepatocytes and allow for efficient in vivo gene transfer with high titer murine Moloney retroviral vectors. This report shows that 48 h after intravenous injection of keratinocyte growth factor, hepatocyte proliferation increased approximately 40-fold compared to non-stimulated livers. When keratinocyte growth factor treatment was followed by intravenous injection of high titer (1 x 10(8) colony forming units/ml) retrovirus coding for the Escherichia Coli beta-galactosidase gene, there was a 600-fold increase in beta-galactosidase expression, with 2% of hepatocytes transduced. Thus, by exploiting the mitogenic properties of keratinocyte growth factor, retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to liver may be accomplished in vivo without the use of partial hepatectomy or pretreatment with other toxins to induce hepatocyte cell division.
European guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis. First Edition – Annotations of colorectal lesions
Authors: M. Vieth, P. Quirke, R. Lambert, L. von Karsa, M. Risio
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for quality assurance in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis have been developed by experts in a project coordinated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The full guideline document covers the entire process of population-based screening. It consists of 10 chapters and over 250 recommendations, graded according to the strength of the recommendation and the supporting evidence. The 450-page guidelines and the extensive evidence base have been published by the European Commission. The chapter on quality assurance in pathology was supplemented by an annex describing in greater detail some issues raised in the chapter, particularly details of special interest to pathologists. The content of the annex is presented here to promote international discussion and collaboration by making the issues discussed in the guidelines known to a wider professional and scientific community.
Gene expression analysis of tumors demonstrates an induction of Th1 type immune response following intratumoral administration of ONCOS-102 in refractory solid tumor patients
Authors: Mamun Majumder, Ashwini Kumar, Caroline Heckman, Matti Kankainen, Sari Pesonen, Elke Jäger, Julia Karbach, Timo Joensuu, Kalevi Kairemo, Kaarina Partanen, Tuomo Alanko, Akseli Hemminki, Charlotta Backman, Kasper Dienel, Mikael von Euler, Tiina Hakonen, Juuso Juhila, Tuuli Ranki, Lotta Vassilev, Antti Vuolanto, Magnus Jaderberg
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Advanced tumors are often immunosuppressive. Intratumoral administration of adenovirus activates Toll-like receptor signalling leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of the innate immune system. Oncolytic adenovirus causes immunogenic cancer cell death
Effect of Poliomyelitis Virus on Phospholipid Metabolism of HeLa Cell
Authors: W. E. Cornatzer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

INCREASED PHOSPHOLIPID SYNTHESIS has been observed to occur, associated with a number of viral infections: skin of rabbits infected with Shope virus,<sup>1</sup>chicken skin infected with fowlpox,<sup>2,3</sup>mouse brain as a consequence of infection with Theiler's G D 7 virus,<sup>4</sup>and KB cells with adenovirus.<sup>5</sup>The uptake of radiophosphorus (P<sup>32</sup>) into cellular phosphorus fractions (inorganic, phospholipid, and nucleic acid) of the HeLa cell (a strain of malignant human epithelial cells maintained in vitro by serial cultivation since February, 1951<sup>6</sup>) with and without the poliomyelitis virus has been investigated.<sup>7</sup>This was the first report in which radiophosphorus was used to tag the poliomyelitis virus. This was confirmed by Maassab et al.<sup>8</sup>and Contreras et al.<sup>9</sup>Goldfine et al.<sup>10</sup>have studied the incorporation of C<sup>14</sup>-nucleosides into HeLa cell ribonucleic acids and deoxyribonucleic acids during poliomyelitis virus infection. The time course
P67 * DEFINING A TARGET INTRA-CEREBROSPINAL FLUID STEADY STATE ETOPOSIDE CONCENTRATION [CSF ETOPOSIDE] FOR PHASE I STUDY IN CHILDREN WITH LEPTOMENINGEAL METASTASIS (LM): INTREPID, A FIRST IN MAN STUDY
Authors: L. Meijer, G. Veal, R. Grundy, W. Konczalik, D. Ivanov, M. Garnett, P. Kearns, D. Walker
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Continuous intra-CSF etoposide infusion may optimise etoposide pharmacokinetics by bypassing the blood-brain-barrier and compensating for CSF bulk flow removal, at < 1/340th dose of standard regimens. A 3 + 3 phase I study is proposed, escalating target [CSF etoposide] and infusion durations of intra-CSF etoposide in children with LM. We justify target [CSF etoposide] and infusion durations based upon previously reported clinical and our own preclinical studies. METHOD: AUC24 values were calculated from Fleischhack report of 24 patients receiving intra-ventricular etoposide at 0.25 mg/12h, 0.5 mg/24h or 1 mg/24h, for 5 days, q 2-4 wks (n = 119 cycles), no dose limiting toxicity was reported. The AUC24 values derived from these clinical studies were compared to etoposide cytotoxicity data in human tumour and neural stem cell 3D co-cultures. AUC values were selected to derive target [CSF etoposide], levels 1 & 2 for infusion durations of 7, 10 and 14 days: AUC24= [CSF etoposide] x time (h). RESULTS: Based upon 0.25 mg/12h dose level, the AUC24 25 µg x h/ml (level 1) predicted [CSF etoposide] 1 µg/ml over 24 hours and an AUC7day of 175 µg x h/ml. The cytotoxicity assay [etoposide] of 0.8-1.2 µg/ml resulted in 22% neural stem cell and 8% tumour cell viability, illustrating differential toxicity. Level 1[CSF etoposide] was selected as 0.8 µg/ml as equivalent of AUC24 20, for 7 days (AUC7day 140). Level 2 [CSF etoposide] of 1.2 µg/ml was selected, (AUC7day 210, AUC10days 300; AUC14day 420). CONCLUSION: Target [CSF etoposide] will be 0.8 µg/ml (level 1) to 1.2 µg/ml (level 2), with infusion durations of 7, 10 or 14 day.