tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
3D tissue-engineered model of Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Salah-Eddine Lamhamedi-Cherradi, Marco Santoro, Vandhana Ramammoorthy, Brian A. Menegaz, Geoffrey Bartholomeusz, Lakesla R. Iles, Hesham M. Amin, J. Andrew Livingston, Antonios G. Mikos, Joseph A. Ludwig
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2014)

Despite longstanding reliance upon monolayer culture for studying cancer cells, and numerous advantages from both a practical and experimental standpoint, a growing body of evidence suggests that more complex three-dimensional (3D) models are necessary to properly mimic many of the critical hallmarks associated with the oncogenesis, maintenance and spread of Ewing's sarcoma (ES), the second most common pediatric bone tumor. And as clinicians increasingly turn to biologically-targeted therapies that exert their effects not only on the tumor cells themselves, but also on the surrounding extracellular matrix, it is especially important that preclinical models evolve in parallel to reliably measure antineoplastic effects and possible mechanisms of de novo and acquired drug resistance. Herein, we highlight a number of innovative methods used to fabricate biomimetic ES tumors, encompassing both the surrounding cellular milieu and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and suggest potential applications to advance our understanding of ES biology, preclinical drug testing, and personalized medicine.
Glucose-6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Decreases the Vascular Response to Angiotensin II
Authors: Reiko Matsui, Shanqin Xu, Karlene A. Maitland, Antoinette Hayes, Jane A. Leopold, Diane E. Handy, Joseph Loscalzo, Richard A. Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) regulates production of the reduced form of NADPH through the pentose phosphate pathway. G6PD may therefore affect superoxide anion production via vascular NADPH oxidase, which is key in mediating the vascular response to angiotensin II (Ang II). We determined the hypertensive and vascular hypertrophic response to Ang II in G6PD-deficient mice. Methods and Results— Ang II (0.7 mg/kg per day) was infused via subcutaneous osmotic pumps for 6 days in male hemizygote G6PD mutant (G6PD mut ) and wild-type (WT) C3H mice. (1) Compared with WT, G6PD mut mouse aorta had 10% to 20% of G6PD activity and 50% less NADPH. (2) Basal systolic blood pressure was not significantly different in G6PD mut mice (WT 88±4 mm Hg versus G6PD mut 95±4 mm Hg), but Ang II increased blood pressure to a lower level in G6PD mut mice (WT 139±4 mm Hg versus G6PD mut 123±5 mm Hg; P &lt;0.05). (3) Ang II increased aortic medial thickness less in G6PD mut mice (WT 71±2 μm versus G6PD mut 62±1 μm; P &lt;0.01). (4) 3- o -Nitrotyrosine staining and dihydroethidium oxidation in the aorta was increased by Ang II less in G6PD mut mice. (5) Smooth muscle cells isolated from G6PD mut mice showed less Ang II–induced phosphorylation of Akt and p42/44 ERK. Conclusions— G6PD deficiency may reduce vascular superoxide anion production by limiting production of the substrate for NADPH oxidase, thereby inhibiting oxidant-mediated Ang II–induced signaling pathways that contribute to hypertension and smooth muscle hypertrophy.
King-Anderson Bill
Authors: Lawrence S. Kubie
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Every responsible physician should attempt to understand clearly the facts and issues which underlie the Administration's plan for providing the means to pay for medical care for the aged. Of these the most basic is why we need Social Security at all, and why we need to use Social Security to implement this particular purpose. It is modern medicine itself plus modern technology in industry which together make Social Security necessary: Modern medicine contributes to this in several ways: (1) It is increasing the number of youngsters who survive diseases of childhood which only a few years ago were fatal. (2) It is steadily increasing the number of people who live on into the 70's, 80's, and even 90's. (3) It prolongs the survival of the disabled at all ages, and increases their numbers by decreasing the frequency of death from accidental infections and other complications. ( It
Targeting of Adenovirus to Endothelial Cells by a Bispecific Single-Chain Diabody Directed against the Adenovirus Fiber Knob Domain and Human Endoglin (CD105)
Authors: Dirk M. Nettelbeck, Daniel W. Miller, Valérie Jérôme, Marylou Zuzarte, Sarah J. Watkins, Robert E. Hawkins, Rolf Müller, Roland E. Kontermann
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

The use of adenoviruses for antivascular cancer gene therapy is limited by their low transduction efficiency for endothelial cells. We have developed a recombinant bispecific antibody as a molecular bridge, linking the adenovirus capsid to the endothelial cell surface protein endoglin, for vascular targeting of adenoviruses. Endoglin (CD105), a component of the transforming growth factor beta receptor complex, represents a promising target for antivascular cancer therapy. Endoglin is expressed predominantly on endothelial cells and is upregulated in angiogenic areas of tumors. We isolated single-chain Fv fragments directed against human endoglin from a human semisynthetic antibody library. One of the isolated scFv fragments (scFv C4) bound specifically to various proliferating primary endothelial cells or cell lines including HUVEC, HDMEC, HMVEC, and HMEC. ScFv C4 was therefore used to construct a bispecific single-chain diabody directed against endoglin and the adenovirus fiber knob domain (scDb EDG-Ad). This bispecific molecule mediated enhanced and selective adenovirus transduction of HUVECs, which was independent from binding to the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and alpha(v)-integrins. Thus, adenovirus infection was redirected to a new cellular receptor (CD105) and cell entry pathway. These results demonstrate the utility of bispecific single-chain diabodies, which can be produced in large quantities in bacteria, for the retargeting of adenoviruses in cancer gene therapy.
Keeping Health Insurance Tax Credits on the Table
Authors: Mark V. Pauly
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interferon and amantadine in combination as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Marco Tabone, Cristiana Laudi, Benedetto Delmastro, Alberto Biglino, Massimo Andreoni, Franco Chieppa, Renato Bonardi, Giuseppe Cariti, Salvatore Cusumano, Franco Brunello, Guido Calleri, Aldo Manca, Patrizia Della Monica, Laura Sidoli, Mario Rizzetto, Angelo Pera
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Should Minors Be Offered BRCA1/2 Testing for Hereditary Breast Cancer? Opinions of Parents Who Have Undergone BRCA1/2 Testing.
Authors: A. Bradbury, L. Patrick-Miller, T. Li, B. Egleston, C. Sands, H. Schmidheiser, F. Hlubocky, O. Olopade, M. Daly, C. Daugherty
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Professional societies recommend against the genetic testing of minors for hereditary cancer syndromes that present in adulthood. Yet, many adolescent specialists indicate that they would consider BRCA1/2 testing of minor children. We conducted interviews with parents who have had BRCA1/2 testing, to evaluate their opinions regarding the genetic testing of minors for BRCA1/2. Methods: 244 parents, including 67 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers (MCs), 140 parents with uninformative negative results (UN), 14 with true negative results (TN) &amp; 23 with a variant of uncertain significance (VUS), from two cancer risk assessment programs completed semi-structured interviews. We used multiple logistic regressions to evaluate the associations among biomedical factors, demographic factors and support of testing minors. Wald tests and likelihood ratio tests were used to assess statistical significance for binary covariates and nominal covariates. Results: 38% of parents supported testing minors for BRCA1/2 in response to a dichotomous (Y/N) question. Support was greatest among parents with TN (64%) and UN (40%) results and lower among MCs (31%) and parents with a VUS (26%). In a multivariable analysis, support was greatest among parents who tested negative (p=0.02), were of minority race (p=0.06) and among fathers (&amp;lt;0.01). Responses to open-ended questions suggest that 27% of parents unconditionally support testing of minors, and 25% support testing only in certain situations. Psychological risks, a lack of medical necessity and the insufficient maturity of minors, were frequent concerns of those opposed. The potential to positively impact minors' health behaviors was the most reported reason for supporting testing. Conclusions: Up to 52% of parents who have undergone BRCA1/2 testing support pediatric testing for BRCA1/2. Given willingness among general and pediatric practitioners and interest among parents, further research is necessary to formally evaluate the risks and benefits of providing genetic testing to minors for adult-onset hereditary cancer syndromes in order to inform clinical practice and public policy that will ensure optimal psychosocial and medical outcomes for all members of families at risk for hereditary cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4071.
Distinct immune effector pathways contribute to the full expression of peanut-induced anaphylactic reactions in mice
Authors: Katherine Arias, Derek K. Chu, Kristin Flader, Fernando Botelho, Tina Walker, Natalia Arias, Alison A. Humbles, Anthony J. Coyle, Hans C. Oettgen, Hyun-Dong Chang, Nico Van Rooijen, Susan Waserman, Manel Jordana
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Approach to Overuse of Herbal and Dietary Supplements
Authors: Anna Strewler, Rebecca Conroy, Helen Kao
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
12. Therapeutic Potential of the Chimeric Adenovirus 5/40 as Vector for Intestine-Directed Gene Therapy
Authors: Ester Rodriguez, Carolina Romero, Mireia Ferrer, Joan F. Burgueño, Ester Fernandez, Estel Gil, Hirofumi Hamada, Assumpcio Bosch, Miguel Chillon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The lack of efficient viral vectors has delayed intestine-directed gene therapy. Enteric adenovirus Ad40 and Ad41 are associated with gastroenteritis in children, but they are fastidious adenovirus. It has been postulated that Ad40 tropism as well as virus replication and trafficking through mucus layer depends to some extent on the short fiber. Thus, we have used and characterized 4 chimeric adenoviruses (Ad40S, Ad40SL, Ad40.5, Ad5.40) containing different combinations of fiber5 and fiber40 proteins. As the dissemination by oral-fecal route of these viruses must withstand the conditions encountered in the stomach, we have studied whether the Ad40 short fiber might confer resistance to acidic pH to the Ad5 capside.
Controlled comparison of cimetidine and carbenoxolone sodium in gastric ulcer.
Authors: S J La Brooy, R H Taylor, R H Hunt, P L Golding, J M Laidlaw, R G Chapman, R E Pounder, S H Vincent, D G Colin-Jones, G J Milton-Thompson, J J Misiewicz
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Fifty-four outpatients with endoscopically diagnosed benign gastric ulcer were allocated at random to treatment with either cimetidine 800 mg daily for six weeks or carbenoxolone sodium 300 mg daily for one week then 150 mg daily for five weeks. Ulcers were reassessed by endoscopy at the end of the trial. The endoscopist was unaware of the treatment and did not take part in the clinical care of the patients. Twenty-one of the 27 patients (78%) given cimetidine and 14 of the 27 (52%) given carbenoxolone had healed ulcers. Symptomatic response occurred earlier with cimetidine but was not significantly better. Unwanted effects were more common in the carbenoxolone group: 12 patients developed hypokalaemia, four of whom needed oral potassium supplements. The results suggest that histamine H2-receptor blockade is at least as effective as carbenoxolone sodium for benign gastric ulcer and produces fewer side effects.
Biopsy-Proven Loeffler Endocarditis Successfully Treated With Steroids
Authors: Takeshi Inoue, Chiaki Watanabe, Hiroyuki Ayukawa, Tetsuya Nadahama, Atsushi Hosokawa, Koki Beppu, Hidefumi Oya, Yoshio Sasaki, Shinichi Takeda, Akihiro Shirasaka, Tetsuya Doi, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Chuichi Kawai
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and serotypes in pneumococci in England and Wales: results of observational surveys in 1990 and 1995
Authors: A. P Johnson, D. C E Speller, R. C George, M. Warner, G. Domingue, A. Efstratiou
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and serotype distribution among pneumococci in England and Wales in 1990 and 1995. <b>Design</b>: Observational surveys in March 1990 and March 1995. During two weeks in each survey period all pneumococci isolated in public health laboratories in England and Wales were collected and assessed for sensitivity to antibiotics and the distribution of serogroups or serotypes. <b>Setting</b>: The network of public health laboratories throughout England and Wales. <b>Subjects</b>: 1127 individual patient isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained during the two surveys. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Sensitivity or resistance to a range of antibiotics; serogroup or serotype. <b>Results</b>: The prevalence of intermediate or full resistance to penicillin increased from 1.5% in 1990 to 3.9% in 1995 and resistance to erythromycin increased from 2.8% to 8.6%. About 92% of isolates belonged to serogroups or serotypes included in the currently available pneumococcal vaccine. <b>Conclusion</b>: Resistance to penicillin and erythromycin has increased among pneumococci in England and Wales. Continued surveillance to assess further increases in the prevalence of pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics is essential. <h3>Key messages</h3> Resistance to cefotaxime or ceftriaxone, which may be the drugs of choice for pneumococcal meningitis caused by penicillin resistant pneumo- cocci, is still fairly rare Roughly 92% of pneumococcal isolates in England and Wales belong to serogroups or serotypes included in the currently available 23 valent vaccine Between 65.1% and 73.9% of pneumococcal isolates from children aged 2 or less belong to sero- groups or serotypes included in the five, seven, or nine valent conjugate vaccines under development for use in children of this age group Continued surveillance of pneumococcal resist- ance to antibiotics is essential if clinicians are to make rational decisions concerning the treatment of pneumococcal infections
The induction of prostatic hypertrophy in the dog with androstanediol.
Authors: P C Walsh, J D Wilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The effects of androstanediol and estradiol on prostatic growth were investigated in castrate dogs. Estrogens along resulted in no significant change in prostatic weight, whereas androstanediol produced growth comparable to that in uncastrated controls. Androstanediol plus estradiol resulted in an even more striking increase in prostate growth. Approximately half the animals receiving androstanediol alone and all of those receiving androstanediol plus estradiol fulfill the weight and histological criteria for prostatic hypertrophy in the dog. Since both these steroid hormones are presumed to be normal secretory products of the testis, it is possible that they are involved in the pathogenesis of prostatic hypertrophy in the dog.
Application of Paclitaxel-Eluting Metal Mesh Stents within the Pig Ureter: An Experimental Study
Authors: Evangelos N. Liatsikos, Dimitrios Karnabatidis, George C. Kagadis, Kostantinos Rokkas, Costas Constantinides, Nikolaos Christeas, Nikolaos Flaris, Theodore Voudoukis, Chrisoula D. Scopa, Petros Perimenis, Kriton S. Filos, George C. Nikiforidis, Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, Dimitrios Siablis
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Haemophilus influenzae Declining Among Young?
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<i>HAEMOPHIL US influenzae</i>type b disease in young children may be starting to decline in the United States. The newer conjugate vaccines may be a major factor. The picture probably will become more clear next spring. <h3>CDC Surveillance</h3> A surveillance project by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Ga, so far has identified 50 cases of invasive<i>H influenzae</i>type b disease among children younger than 5 years. By comparison, over the same period in 1989, there were 176 cases. The first conjugate vaccines were licensed by the Food and Drug Administration in 1987. But vaccines were not available for children younger than 15 months until 1990. The surveillance system covers the San Francisco, Calif, and Atlanta metropolitan areas, the entire state of Oklahoma, and four counties in Tennessee. Every laboratory in these areas is contacted at regular intervals and all<i>H influenzae</i>isolates obtained. About 10.4 million people
Fourier Amplitude and Phase Analysis in the Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Cardiomyopathy
Authors: KARL E. ALCAN, WILLIAM ROBESON, MARTIN C. GRAHAM, CHRISTOPHER PALESTRO, FRANCIS H. OLIVER, RICHARD S. BENUA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Fifty-four patients with a cardiomyopathy were studied by RNCA and Fourier amplitude and phase image analysis. The study group included patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (27) and an equal number of patients with a primary cardiomyopathy: drug-induced (22), idiopathic (three), radiation-induced (one), and amyloidosis (one). Twenty-eight patients had rest studies alone and 26 had both rest and stress studies (80 total). The mean rest LVEF in the ischemic group was 27.9%, in the drug-induced group 36.5%, and in the idiopathic group 30%. The stress LVEF decreased in 92% of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and 45% of patients with primary (drug-induced) cardiomyopathy. Fourier amplitude and phase images were generated for each study. Amplitude and phase images were abnormal in all patients with an ischemic cardiomyopathy. LV amplitude abnormalities were regional and phase was directional. A zone of dysynergy on phase analysis was present in 44% of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. In the drug-induced primary cardiomyopathy group, all patients had abnormal amplitude and 86% had abnormal phase. Amplitude abnormalities were global rather than regional and phase patterns were nondirectional. Only one patient had a zone of dysynergy on the phase image. We conclude that the stress LVEF alone cannot consistently differentiate between ischemic and primary cardiomyopathies and that Fourier amplitude and phase analysis may be useful in determining the etiology of a cardiomyopathy (ischemic vs primary).
Abstract 510: Intermittent hypoxia confers resistance to radiation in human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Rave Sanker Ezhilarasan, Indra Mohanam, Jasti S. Rao, Sanjeeva Mohanam
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor of children, arises from the sympathetic nervous system, is characterized by extensive genetic, morphologic, and clinical heterogeneity and presents as benign to highly aggressive forms in various stages. Hypoxia has been linked to tumor progression and increased malignancy. Like the most common malignant solid tumors, neuroblastomas contain zones of chronic or acute hypoxia reflecting poor oxygenation. Transient hypoxia and subsequent reoxygenation are common phenomena in solid tumors that greatly influence the outcome of therapies. Radiotherapy is commonly applied in higher stage neuroblastoma patients with MYCN oncogene amplification and metastases. The present study focuses how intermittent hypoxia modulates the effects of radiation treatment in human neuroblastoma cells. Intermittent hypoxia-conditioned cells were derived from human neuroblastoma cells that were exposed to 10 cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation. Intermittent hypoxia stabilized the expression of HIF-l α in neuroblastoma cells. Cell survival to radiation treatment was assessed by the colony formation assay. The hypoxia-conditioned neuroblastoma cells exhibit increased survival to irradiation treatment compared with parental cells suggesting alterations in apoptotic pathways. The expression of selected genes associated with DNA damage as well as genes of BCL-2 family and caspase family were studied in parental and hypoxia-conditioned neuroblastoma cells in response to radiation treatment. Radiation caused an increase in the levels of proapoptotic proteins Bax, Bad, Bid and cleaved products of caspase-3 and −9 in parental tumor cells. Similar observations were not obtained in hypoxia-conditioned neuroblastoma cells upon radiation treatment demonstrating their increased radioresistance characteristics. We also assessed how hypoxia modulates radiation-induced in vitro angiogenesis. Human microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to conditioned medium from irradiated parental and irradiated hypoxia-conditioned tumor cells and capillary-like structure formation was studied. Further, tumor cell conditioned medium was also evaluated in chorioallantoic membrane assay for its angiogenic capabilities. These results suggest that intermittent hypoxia-conditioned neuroblastoma cells demonstrate increased survival, resistance to induction of apoptosis and angiogenic capabilities to radiation treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 510.