tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of component-resolved diagnosis on specific immunotherapy prescription in children with hay fever
Authors: Giovanna Stringari, Salvatore Tripodi, Carlo Caffarelli, Arianna Dondi, Riccardo Asero, Andrea Di Rienzo Businco, Annamaria Bianchi, Paolo Candelotti, Giampaolo Ricci, Federica Bellini, Nunzia Maiello, Michele Miraglia del Giudice, Tullio Frediani, Simona Sodano, Iride Dello Iacono, Francesco Macrì, Ilaria Peparini, Carlotta Povesi Dascola, Maria Francesca Patria, Elena Varin, Diego Peroni, Pasquale Comberiati, Loredana Chini, Viviana Moschese, Sandra Lucarelli, Roberto Bernardini, Giuseppe Pingitore, Umberto Pelosi, Mariangela Tosca, Anastasia Cirisano, Diego Faggian, Alessandro Travaglini, Mario Plebani, Paolo Maria Matricardi
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Effect of Budesonide/Formoterol Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler (BUD/FM pMDI) on Proportion of the Mean Peak Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) Over Time in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or Persistent Asthma
Authors: F. Ahmad, J.G. Zangrilli, U.J. Martin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
The rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, induces c-kit receptor-dependent mouse mast cell activation in vivo. Evidence that signaling through the c-kit receptor can induce expression of cellular function.
Authors: B K Wershil, M Tsai, E N Geissler, K M Zsebo, S J Galli
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Interactions between products of the mouse W locus, which encodes the c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor, and the Sl locus, which encodes a ligand for c-kit receptor, which we have designated stem cell factor (SCF), have a critical role in the development of mast cells. Mice homozygous for mutations at either locus exhibit several phenotypic abnormalities including a virtual absence of mast cells. Moreover, the c-kit ligand SCF can induce the proliferation and maturation of normal mast cells in vitro or in vivo, and also can result in repair of the mast cell deficiency of Sl/Sld mice in vivo. We now report that administration of SCF intradermally in vivo results in dermal mast cell activation and a mast cell-dependent acute inflammatory response. This effect is c-kit receptor dependent, in that it is not observed when SCF is administered to mice containing dermal mast cells expressing functionally inactive c-kit receptors, is observed with both glycosylated and nonglycosylated forms of SCF, and occurs at doses of SCF at least 10-fold lower on a molar basis than the minimally effective dose of the classical dermal mast cell-activating agent substance P. These findings represent the first demonstration in vivo that a c-kit ligand can result in the functional activation of any cellular lineage expressing the c-kit receptor, and suggest that interactions between the c-kit receptor and its ligand may influence mast cell biology through complex effects on proliferation, maturation, and function.
Pax2 and Pax8 Regulate Branching Morphogenesis and Nephron Differentiation in the Developing Kidney
Authors: Melina Narlis, David Grote, Yaned Gaitan, Sami K. Boualia, Maxime Bouchard
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2007)

Pax genes are important regulators of kidney development. In the mouse, homozygous <i>Pax2</i> inactivation results in renal agenesis, a phenotype that has largely precluded the analysis of <i>Pax</i> gene function during metanephric kidney development. To address this later function, kidney development was analyzed in embryos that were compound heterozygous for <i>Pax2</i> and for <i>Pax8</i>, a closely related member of the <i>Pax</i> gene family. Both genes are coexpressed in differentiating nephrons and collecting ducts. At the morphological level, <i>Pax2</i><sup>+/−</sup><i>Pax8</i><sup>+/−</sup> metanephric kidneys are severely hypodysplastic and characterized by a reduction in ureter tips and nephron number in comparison with wild-type or <i>Pax2</i><sup>+/−</sup> kidneys. In developing nephrons, the molecular analysis of <i>Pax2</i><sup>+/−</sup><i>Pax8</i><sup>+/−</sup> kidneys reveals a strong reduction in the expression levels of <i>Lim1</i>, a key regulator of nephron differentiation, accompanied by an increase in apoptosis. At a more mature stage, the reduction of <i>Pax2/8</i> gene dosage severely affects distal tubule formation, revealing a role for <i>Pax</i> genes in the differentiation of specific nephron segments. At the ureter tips, the expression of <i>Wnt11</i>, a target of glial cell–derived neurotrophic factor–Ret signaling, is significantly reduced, whereas the expression levels of <i>Ret</i> and <i>GDNF</i> remain normal. Together, these results demonstrate a crucial role for <i>Pax2</i> and <i>Pax8</i> in nephron differentiation and branching morphogenesis of the metanephros.
Roche offers researchers access to all Tamiflu trials
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

More than three years after the Cochrane Collaboration first asked Roche for the full clinical study reports for its influenza drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu), the Swiss company has offered the collaboration access to “all 74 Roche sponsored trials.”

Don MacLean, life cycle leader for Tamiflu at Roche, emailed the Cochrane researchers on 2 April to propose providing data in a staggered approach over the next few months.

“In line with European Union law, each CSR [clinical study report] will be edited by Roche to ensure patient confidentiality and to protect legitimate commercial interests,” he wrote.

A full phase III clinical study report typically consists of 2000 to 3000 pages, and redaction would be a “large undertaking,” he added.

The Cochrane group has cautiously welcomed the move, pointing out that Roche has previously promised access to data. MacLean’s email follows GlaxoSmithKline’s decision to release 30 clinical study reports on its influenza drug zanamivir (Relenza) to the …
The genotoxic potential of retroviral vectors is strongly modulated by vector design and integration site selection in a mouse model of HSC gene therapy
Authors: Eugenio Montini, Daniela Cesana, Manfred Schmidt, Francesca Sanvito, Cynthia C. Bartholomae, Marco Ranzani, Fabrizio Benedicenti, Lucia Sergi Sergi, Alessandro Ambrosi, Maurilio Ponzoni, Claudio Doglioni, Clelia Di Serio, Christof von Kalle, Luigi Naldini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

γ-Retroviral vectors (γRVs), which are commonly used in gene therapy, can trigger oncogenesis by insertional mutagenesis. Here, we have dissected the contribution of vector design and viral integration site selection (ISS) to oncogenesis using an in vivo genotoxicity assay based on transplantation of vector-transduced tumor-prone mouse hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. By swapping genetic elements between γRV and lentiviral vectors (LVs), we have demonstrated that transcriptionally active long terminal repeats (LTRs) are major determinants of genotoxicity even when reconstituted in LVs and that self-inactivating (SIN) LTRs enhance the safety of γRVs. By comparing the genotoxicity of vectors with matched active LTRs, we were able to determine that substantially greater LV integration loads are required to approach the same oncogenic risk as γRVs. This difference in facilitating oncogenesis is likely to be explained by the observed preferential targeting of cancer genes by γRVs. This integration-site bias was intrinsic to γRVs, as it was also observed for SIN γRVs that lacked genotoxicity in our model. Our findings strongly support the use of SIN viral vector platforms and show that ISS can substantially modulate genotoxicity.
Strand asymmetries in DNA evolution
Authors: M. Pilar Francino, Howard Ochman
Journal: Trends in Genetics (1997)

The complementary strands of DNA differ with respect to replication and transcription. Both of these processes are asymmetric and can bias the occurrence of mutations between the strands: during replication, the discontinuous lagging strand undergoes certain errors at higher rates, and transcription overexposes the nontranscribed strand to DNA damage while targeting repair enzymes to the transcribed strand. While biases introduced during replication apparently have little impact on sequence evolution, the effects of transcription are observed in the asymmetric patterns of substitution in bacterial genes and might be influencing genome-wide patterns of base composition.
Arthritis Research: Methods and Protocols, Vol 1&lt;break /&gt; Arthritis Research: Methods and Protocols, Vol 2
Authors: Robert J. Quinet
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Understanding rheumatoid arthritis. Evaluation of a patient education program
Authors: R. L. Kaye
Journal: JAMA (1978)

We evaluated a patient education program on understanding rheumatoid arthritis; 94% of those responding to our questionnaire considered the program helpful in increasing their understanding of their condition, and 93% said it enhanced their communication with their family. A total of 85% reported one or more behavioral changes, such as not abusing joints (63%), getting more rest (56%), and using medications more meticulously (48%) after participating in the program. We recommend patient education as an effective means of helping patients understand and hence comply with physicians' instructions as well as helping patients to assume greater responsibility for their own health care.
Saccadic Disinhibition in Patients With Acute and Remitted Schizophrenia and Their First-Degree Biological Relatives
Authors: Clayton E. Curtis, Monica E. Calkins, William M. Grove, Kathleen J. Feil, William G. Iacono
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: Performance on measures of saccadic inhibition and control was investigated in a large family study of schizophrenia to evaluate the utility of using antisaccade task performance as an endophenotypic marker of genetic liability for schizophrenia. METHOD: Ninety-five patients with acute schizophrenia and 116 of their first-degree biological relatives, 13 schizophrenia patients whose illness was in full remission, 35 patients with acute psychotic affective disorder, and 109 nonpsychiatric comparison subjects were administered antisaccade and prosaccade tasks. RESULTS: Both schizophrenia patient groups had a greater number of errors on the antisaccade task than did the first-degree relatives and the affective disorder group, which both had more errors than the comparison subjects. Among the first-degree relatives of the probands with acute schizophrenia, relatives of poor-performing patients performed worse on the antisaccade task than relatives of patients with good performance. Reflexive errors were not likely the result of interfering psychotic symptoms, medication, or medication side effects. Although the schizophrenia patients demonstrated other signs of saccadic abnormalities, these problems, which were not observed in their relatives even though they had high antisaccade error rates, seem unlikely to account for the higher antisaccade error rate of the schizophrenia patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that saccadic disinhibition is strongly associated with the genetic liability for schizophrenia.
Polo-like Kinase 3 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Is a Negative Regulator of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α under Hypoxic Conditions
Authors: Yali Yang, Jingxiang Bai, Rulong Shen, Sharron A.N. Brown, Elena Komissarova, Ying Huang, Ning Jiang, Gregory F. Alberts, Max Costa, Luo Lu, Jeffrey A. Winkles, Wei Dai
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Polo-like kinase 3 (Plk3) is an important mediator of the cellular responses to genotoxic stresses. In this study, we examined the physiologic function of Plk3 by generating Plk3-deficient mice. Plk3−/− mice displayed an increase in weight and developed tumors in various organs at advanced age. Many tumors in Plk3−/− mice were large in size, exhibiting enhanced angiogenesis. Plk3−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts were hypersensitive to the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) under hypoxic conditions or by nickel and cobalt ion treatments. Ectopic expression of the Plk3-kinase domain (Plk3-KD), but not its Polo-box domain or a Plk3-KD mutant, suppressed the nuclear accumulation of HIF-1α induced by nickel or cobalt ions. Moreover, hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression was tightly associated with a significant down-regulation of Plk3 expression in HeLa cells. Given the importance of HIF-1α in mediating the activation of the “survival machinery” in cancer cells, these studies strongly suggest that enhanced tumorigenesis in Plk3-null mice is at least partially mediated by a deregulated HIF-1 pathway. [Cancer Res 2008;68(11):4077–85]
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: Recovery after plasmapheresis, corticosteroids, splenectomy, and antiplatelet agents
Authors: Harvey Rothberg, Ilana Pachter, Martin Kosmin, D. Barton Stevens
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract A 68‐year‐old woman severely ill with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) made a complete recovery after splenectomy was added to a program of corticosteroids, antiplatelet agents, and plasmapheresis. The authors review the subject of therapy of TTP. They advise high‐dose corticosteroids, antiplatelet agents, and plasmapheresis, with splenectomy to be considered as an effective alternative.
The Medical Revolution — Homesick for the N. H. S.
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN the annual oration to the Medical Society of London Dr. John Bishop Harman put forward the novel thesis that the medical revolution that started about one hundred years ago has followed a pattern very similar to the industrial revolution of the preceding one hundred years.In 1750 Britain was sparsely populated, with the villages the dominant communities. Communications were bad, commuting was unknown, and in general, the manufacturing processes were carried out by hand in the homes and cottages of the people. Then, during the nineteenth century, the wind of change began to be felt in many industries. The . . .
shRNA library screening identifies nucleocytoplasmic transport as a mediator of BCR-ABL1 kinase-independent resistance
Authors: Jamshid S. Khorashad, Anna M. Eiring, Clinton C. Mason, Kevin C. Gantz, Amber D. Bowler, Hannah M. Redwine, Fan Yu, Ira L. Kraft, Anthony D. Pomicter, Kimberly R. Reynolds, Anthony J. Iovino, Matthew S. Zabriskie, William L. Heaton, Srinivas K. Tantravahi, Michael Kauffman, Sharon Shacham, Alex Chenchik, Kyle Bonneau, Katharine S. Ullman, Thomas O’Hare, Michael W. Deininger
Journal: Blood (2015)
Green tea derived polyphenol antioxidant, EGCG, differentially modulates developing compared to mature atherosclerotic lesions in Apo E-/-mice
Authors: Stephanie M. Babbidge, Xiaoning Zhao, Ramprasad Dandillaya, Juliana Yano, Paul C. Dimayuga, Bojan Cercek, Prediman K. Shah, Kuang-Yuh Chyu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Humidification of Oxygen during Inhalational Therapy*
Authors: Roe E. Wells, Richard D. Perera, John M. Kinney, William Sawyer, Jimmy A. Young
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

PHYSICIANS are aware that breathing oxygen by way of nasal catheter or a face mask is extremely drying to the membranes of the mouth or nasopharynx. Oxygen therapy often includes some form of humidifying device incorporated in the line between the oxygen source and the patient. It is recognized that problems of tenacious mucus, dry membranes and occasionally the formation of mucous crusts continue to occur even though such devices are in operation. It has been demonstrated that the maintenance of a proper degree or amount of humidity can prevent, and even reverse, these complications of oxygen therapy.1 2 3 Often, it . . .
A Biobehavioral Model of Obesity
Authors: Lorne M. Hartman
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

Recent research contributing to an increased understanding of human feeding is reviewed and implications for obesity discussed. Hyperphagia may represent the manifestation of diverse origins requiring different therapeutic strategies. A biobehavioral model of obesity designed to promote increased efficacy of treatment interventions with the overweight is proposed.
TESTING SUNSCREENS USING SUNLIGHT AND PHOTOGRAPHY*
Authors: GUINTER KAHN, GEORGE WILCOX, BILLIE W. WHEELER, WILLIAM ATCHISON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

SUMMARY.— A method to evaluate sunscreens in vitro is described. It employs light, photography and densitometry. The measurements are compared and analysed with the assurance that an equal amount of light bombards the sensor for an equal length of time, passing through a uniformly spread barrier of sunscreening material, to a film of uniform spectral sensitivity. The protection provided from mid-day sunlight and artificial erythemal light by 9 agents is compared and correlated.
Binding and distribution studies in the SENCAR mouse of compounds demonstrating a route-dependent tumorigenic effect.
Authors: G P Carlson, A A Fossa, M A Morse, P M Weaver
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Previous investigators have determined that benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] was much more effective in causing skin papillomas if applied topically than when administered orally in the initiation-promotion assay in SENCAR mouse. Conversely, urethane and acrylamide caused a higher percentage of mice to develop papillomas and induced more tumors per mouse when given orally. In an attempt to understand the reason for this discrepancy in route dependency, 3H-benzo(a)pyrene, 14C-urethane and 14C-acrylamide were administered as single doses orally or topically to male SENCAR mice. Distribution in skin, stomach, liver, and lung was determined for time periods up to 48 hr. The binding of these compounds to DNA, RNA, and protein in these tissues was determined 6 and 48 hr after administration. For all three compounds, high concentrations were found in the skin following topical application, but very little material reached this target organ following oral administration. In contrast, the internal organs generally contained more material after oral administration. The binding of label compounds to DNA, RNA, and protein generally reflected the distribution data, thus more compound was bound in the stomach, liver, and lung after oral administration compared to topical application, whereas the opposite was true for the skin. This finding was particularly evident for B(a)P. The results suggest that differences in distribution to the skin and binding to macromolecules following oral or topical administration cannot explain the greater tumorigenicity of urethane and acrylamide after oral administration in the SENCAR mouse.
Prevention of Nosocomial Viral Hepatitis, Type B (Hepatitis B)
Authors: DAVID R. SNYDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Nosocomial viral hepatitis, type B, is assuming increasing importance in the United States. The keystone to an effective hepatitis control program is surveillance of patients and personnel, especially in high-risk areas, namely dialysis units, hematology-oncology units, and laboratories. Measures to control infection are outlined for specific areas of the hospital. Data currently available suggest that employees who have persisting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) need not be removed from their positions unless they have been proved to disseminate infection. Future investigations should include methods to study: [a] the mechanisms of non percutaneous spread of hepatitis B virus, [b] the role of the individual with persisting HBsAg in the dissemination of hepatitis B virus, [c] the efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin in high-risk areas, and [d] the effectiveness of various chemical and physical procedures in use for inactivation of hepatitis B virus using animal model systems.
Utility of Tc-99m DTP A Aerosol Inhalation Scans Following Perfusion Lung Scans in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: JOHN B. SELBY, F. CALLCOTT, L. GORDON, J. GARDNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

The authors report their experience with the use of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol following a perfusion lung scan. The study includes 422 consecutive patients with suspected pulmonary embolism. The final diagnosis was determined by (a) clinical follow-up for 2 months or more, (b) pulmonary angiography, or (c) autopsy. There were 79 patients (19%) who had a normal or near-normal perfusion study and in whom no aerosol study was required. Interpretation groups were classified and divided as follows: Normal or low probability 281 (66.5%) High probability 75 (18.0%) Intermediate 60 (14.0%) Technically inadequate 6 (1.5%) There was autopsy or angiographic confirmation of 72 patient studies with confirmation of the scan diagnosis in 29 of 31 classified as normal or low probability and 24 of 25 classified as high probability. The background perfusion albumin activity was not computer-subtracted from the combined aerosol-perfusion image. Technical improvements included the use of eight standard views for both the perfusion and the subsequent aerosol scan, and the use of 75 mCi (2,775 MBq) of Tc-99m DTPA in the radioaerosol nebulizer. This allowed for easy accumulation of more than three times the count rate in a posterior aerosol image when compared with the previous posterior perfusion image. The authors' experience shows that the perfusion lung scan followed by this radioaerosol technique is a reliable means to evaluate suspected pulmonary embolism.