tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR HUMAN BREAST CARCINOMA
Authors: R Hawkins, Y Choi, S Scales, B Chen, D Chugani, R Ackermann, D Slamon, E Hoffman, P D Cutler, C K Hon, S R Cherry, C Messa, M E Phelps
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Hawkins, R; Choi, Y; Scales, S; Chen, B; Chugani, D; Ackermann, R; Slamon, D; Hoffman, E; Cutler, P D; Hon, C K; Cherry, S R; Messa, C; Phelps, M E Author Information
The Gradient in Pressure Across the Pulmonary Vascular Bed During Diastole
Authors: ALFRED J. KALTMAN, WALTER H. HERBERT, RICHARD J. CONROY, CHARLES E. KOSSMANN
Journal: Circulation (1966)

By means of right and left heart catheterization 70 patients with congenital or acquired heart disease were examined to determine whether or not a gradient in pressure existed between the pulmonary artery and the left ventricle at the end of diastole. In the absence of mitral valvular obstruction in 56 patients there was a statistically significant correlation of pulmonary artery diastolic, left ventricular end-diastolic, and left atrial mean pressures less than 15 mm Hg which was independent of heart rate. Diastolic pressures at identical levels as high as 40 mm Hg were demonstrated in the presence of aortic insufficiency without left ventricular failure, and as high as 47 mm Hg during pulmonary edema in one patient with aortic stenosis and insufficiency. A diastolic gradient in pressure between the pulmonary artery and the left ventricle existed in 14 patients with pulmonary hypertension. These patients all had congenital intracardiac shunts and it may be assumed that they had some obstruction in the pulmonary vascular bed. These findings suggest that within defined limits friction across the pulmonary vascular bed is so small that a state of pressure equilibrium exists at the end of diastole. When the limits are met clinically, the pressures in the pulmonary artery and in the left ventricle at the end of diastole are identical.
Death in Hemophiliacs
Authors: Jessica H. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Approximately five years ago (214:1707, 1970), we reviewed the causes of death in hemophiliacs who had been examined here. This was before many of the recent improvements in therapy, which include the use of potent coagulationfactor concentrates prepared from pooled plasma on an early or regular basis—usually at home, extensive patient education, and the dissemination of information to the medical community. A further review of causes and ages at death should prove an indicator of the success of the new therapeutic programs. In the last 20 years, 378 hemophiliacs have been studied here. Attempts have been made to trace all of those not currently active (93 of 272) or known to be dead (65). Of 41 deaths, 15 occurred in University hospitals, 13 in area hospitals, seven in out-of-state hospitals, and six at home. Satisfactory information was obtained for all except five of the six who died
Report of the Surgeon-General of the Army for the Year Ending June 30, 1896.
Authors: George M. Sternberg
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The following is an abstract of Surgeon-General Sternberg's report, omitting financial statements, special reports of medical officers, statistic tables and other matters of detail: <h3>War Department, Surgeon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. Sept. 8, 1896.</h3> <i>Sir:</i>I have the honor to submit the following report of my administration of the duties of this office during the past year. Beside the health of the troops and the sanitary condition of the various military posts, this report relates to certain duties imposed upon the Surgeon-General of the Army by the Revised Statutes of the United States and by Acts of Congress making appropriations to be disbursed under his direction. Among the expenditures authorized by Congress for the year ended June 30, 1896, were those for artificial limbs and their commutation, for appliances for disabled soldiers, for trusses, for the support and treatment of destitute patients in the city of Washington, D. C., for
A Study of the Human Heart as a Multiple Dipole Electrical Source
Authors: JOHN H. HOLT, ANTHONY C. L. BARNARD, M. STUART LYNN, PEDER SVENDSEN
Journal: Circulation (1969)

A model for the electrical activity of the heart during depolarization, in which the ventricles were represented by 12 dipoles and the thorax by an inhomogeneous conductor, was evaluated. Potentials measured at 126 locations on the thoracic surface were used to determine the dipole strengths as a function of time for 58 normal sedentary subjects. Most of the dipole strengths had the form of a single pulse in time, the dipole onset sequence being consistent with the depolarization sequence found by others. Dipole activities (DA), obtained for each dipole by time integration of its strength, varied considerably between subjects. However, much of this variation arose from a systematic decrease of DAs with age. The separate DAs were summed to obtain the DAs of the septum and left and right ventricular free walls. The proportions of the summed DAs agreed with the cardiac component weights found by others. When the variation with the subject's age was removed, the total DA fluctuated by ±13% (standard deviation of the mean) in this series.
Abstract 679: Glutamine metabolism in MYC-driven antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells confers metabolic flexibility through the unfolded protein response
Authors: Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq, Katherine L. Cook, Jessica L. Schwartz-Roberts, Ahreej E. Eltayeb, Diane M. Demas, Anni M. Warri, Leena A. Hilakivi-Clarke, Robert Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Antiestrogens are used to treat estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast tumors that constitute 70% of all breast cancer cases. Unfortunately, acquired resistance to antiestrogen therapy remains a critical clinical obstacle. Here we show that human breast cancer cells and rat mammary tumors that have acquired resistance to antiestrogens express increased levels of MYC, a major regulator of both glutamine and glucose. Glutamine metabolism and glucose uptake were elevated in ER+ antiestrogen resistant cells (LCC9) compared with sensitive cells (LCC1). Inhibition of MYC, with siRNA or small molecule inhibitor, reduced cell viability and uptake of both glutamine and glucose in resistant cells. In resistant cells, MYC expression controlled protein levels of glutamine, glutamate and glucose transporters as well as GLUL and GLS, two enzymes that promote glutamate-glutamine inter-conversion. Increased MYC function in resistant cells correlated with increased cellular sensitivity to deprivation of, and also inhibitors of, both glutamine and glucose. While apoptosis eliminated all resistant cells in glucose-only conditions beyond 72 h, in glutamine-only conditions, the unfolded protein response (UPR) via GRP78-IRE1α and activating JNK and increased CHOP, induced apoptosis in majority of the cells but promoted survival in some. The antiestrogen faslodex (FAS; ICI 182,780) significantly reduced glucose uptake in antiestrogen resistant cells compared with sensitive cells. Thus, our findings reveal unique roles for MYC in promoting metabolic flexibility in and promoting survival in antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells via the UPR. Targeting glutamine and glucose metabolism pathways, therefore, may provide novel strategies in treating endocrine resistant breast cancers. Citation Format: Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq, Katherine L. Cook, Jessica L. Schwartz-Roberts, Ahreej E. Eltayeb, Diane M. Demas, Anni M. Warri, Leena A. Hilakivi-Clarke, Robert Clarke. Glutamine metabolism in MYC-driven antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells confers metabolic flexibility through the unfolded protein response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 679. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-679
Cholesterol Absorption, Synthesis, and LDL Metabolism in NIDDM
Authors: Helena Gylling, Tatu A Miettinen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1997)

OBJECTIVE Cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism was studied in mildly hypercholesterolemic nonobese men with NIDDM to find out which metabolic parameters regulate serum cholesterol level in these NIDDM subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Nonobese NIDDM subjects (n = 13) and control subjects (n = 18) with serum cholesterol ≥ 6.0 and triglycerides ≤ 2.5 mmol/l were studied on a similar monoene-enriched diet. Cholesterol absorption was studied with peroral double isotopes and by measuring serum plant sterols with gas-liquid chromatography; cholesterol synthesis was studied by measuring sterol balance and by measuring serum cholesterol precursor sterols; and LDL kinetics was measured with 131I-labeled autologous apoprotein (apo) B. RESULTS Cholesterol absorption was significantly lower in NIDDM subjects than in the control subjects, as detected by low serum plant sterol levels and absorption percentage (23 vs. 29%, P &amp;lt; 0.05). Cholesterol synthesis was significantly higher in NIDDM subjects than in the control subjects, as detected by precursor sterols or balance data (18 vs. 12 mg · kg−1 · day−1, P &amp;lt; 0.01), cholesterol turnover (19 vs. 13 mg · kg−1 · day−1, P &amp;lt; 0.01), and LDL apo B removal (0.343 vs. 0.267 pools/day, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Serum total and LDL cholesterol levels were inversely correlated with cholesterol synthesis, which was positively related to the catabolism of LDL apo B and negatively related to cholesterol absorption efficiency. CONCLUSIONS In this small selected group of mildly hypercholesterolemic nonobese NIDDM subjects, the regulation of serum cholesterol levels was achieved by the homeostasis between cholesterol absorption, synthesis, and LDL fractional catabolism. Cholesterol turnover and removal of LDL apo B were high in NIDDM subjects, compared with the control subjects, whereas cholesterol absorption efficiency was abnormally low Because of the relatively small number of selected subjects, the present results are not directly applicable to the overall NIDDM population.
Treating Hypertension in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Bryan Williams
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Following in the footsteps of David Barker: the association between extreme prematurity and atopic dermatitis risk
Authors: C. Flohr
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

ORIGINAL ARTICLE, p 1257 David Barker (29 June 1938 – 27 August 2013) recently passed away. He was a U.K. epidemiologist and the first to realize that the foundations for chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, might be laid in utero or in early life. Barker observed that death from ischaemic heart disease (IHD) was highest in the least affluent areas in England and Wales, although IHD is also associated with increasing prosperity. In addition, he noticed that IHD was strongly correlated with both neonatal and early postnatal mortality, suggesting that poor nutrition in utero and in early life increases the susceptibility to the effects of an affluent diet.1 Barker's groundbreaking findings triggered a new field of research on the developmental origins of chronic diseases, and evidence to support his hypothesis has since come from populations as far apart as Finland and India.2 In this issue of the BJD, Barbarot et al.3 explore the association between extreme prematurity (< 29 weeks’ gestation) and the subsequent risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) in two French cohort studies (LIFT cohort, n = 493, 2‐year follow‐up; and EPIPAGE cohort, n = 2181, 5‐year follow‐up). To their surprise, they found an approximately 50% reduction in AD risk, even after adjustment for important confounding factors such as birth weight, family history of allergic disease, number of siblings and parental education.
Twenty-five years of HIV management
Authors: A Jayasuriya, C Robertson, P S Allan
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

In 1981 the first case of AIDS was reported.1 A quarter of a century on, the AIDS epidemic has claimed the lives of more than 25 million people. It has rapidly become one of the most highly publicized, and politicized, infectious epidemics. Over these 25 years, we have also made remarkable advances in diagnosis and therapy. What follows is an update on the state of play at the end of 2006.
Who cares about healthcare transitions in prisoners with mental health problems?
Authors: L. Damodaran, J. Reilly
Journal: BMJ (2012)

We welcome Ginn’s inclusion of mental health as a key element in the challenges of prison healthcare.1 Up to 90% of prisoners have a diagnosable mental illness, personality disorder, or substance misuse disorder,2 and many will have been difficult to engage outside prison. Continuity of treatment from community to prison …
Warfare: Rallying Around the Environmental Flag
Authors: John Manuel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Rallying Around the Environmental FlagSocial scientists have long studied competition for natural resources as a source of conflict around the world, but they have paid little attention to the environment in postconflict societies.Must the environment invariably suffer in the wake of conflict?Can former combatants rally around the environment to help sustain peace?These were the types of questions asked at a November
The Medical and Social Consequences of Land Mines in Cambodia
Authors: Eric Stover
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Failure of ticlopidine to inhibit deposition of indium-111-labeled platelets on Dacron prosthetic surfaces in humans.
Authors: J R Stratton, J L Ritchie
Journal: Circulation (1984)

In a randomized double-blind trial we sought to determine whether short-term therapy with ticlopidine (250 mg bid for 14 days) inhibited platelet deposition on Dacron aortic bifurcation grafts that had been in place a year or longer. A total of 10 men, 42 to 69 years old, underwent indium-111 platelet imaging during both placebo and drug phases of the trial at 24, 48, and 72 hr after the injection of labeled platelets. Platelet accumulation was quantitated by a graft/blood ratio that compared background-corrected activity of indium-111-labeled platelets in the graft with whole-blood activity of indium-111-labeled platelets. Additionally, blinded qualitative visual analysis of the unprocessed images was used to compare graft area activity with activity in adjacent native arteries. Ticlopidine significantly prolonged the template bleeding time from 5.3 +/- 0.5 to 17.1 +/- 3.1 min (+/- SEM) (p = .003). However, by quantitative analysis there was no significant reduction in platelet deposition in the graft during ticlopidine therapy compared with placebo at 24 hr (graft/blood ratio 2.3 +/- 0.4 vs 2.6 +/- 0.3), 48 hr (3.1 +/- 0.5 vs 3.2 +/- 0.4), or 72 hr (3.9 +/- 0.7 vs 4.0 +/- 0.6) after injection of labeled platelets. By visual analysis, nine patients had positive results for abnormal platelet deposition when on placebo that were unchanged when on ticlopidine. The tenth patient had an equivocal result for abnormal platelet deposition when on placebo and a negative result for abnormal platelet deposition when on ticlopidine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Response to Letter by Burgon
Authors: Zhan-Peng Huang, Da-Zhi Wang
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

We appreciate Patrick Burgon for his interest in our article reporting the identification and characterization of cardiac Isl1interacting protein (CIP) as a novel cardiac protein that regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. 1 Burgon argued that the name of CIP should be changed to muscle-enriched A-type lamin-interacting protein (MLIP), because they have reported MLIP as a novel lamin A/C-interacting protein. 2 Here is our response:
Opiate toxicity in patients with renal failure
Authors: B R Conway, D G Fogarty, W E Nelson, C C Doherty
Journal: BMJ (2006)

### Case 1

A 68 year old woman with type 2 diabetes, angina, and obesity had an uncomplicated below knee amputation. Baseline creatinine was 133 μmol/l (estimated glomerular filtration rate 36 ml/min).2 In the first 36 hours after surgery she received 50 mg of morphine and 76 mg of codeine. On the second day she developed oliguria despite intravenous fluid resuscitation, and her serum creatinine rose to 213 μmol/l. She became increasingly drowsy and her respiratory rate fell to 8 breaths/min. Opiate toxicity was suspected after consultation with the on-call nephrologist. She did not respond to 400 μg intravenous naloxone, however, and therefore she was transferred to the regional renal unit.

On admission she was drowsy and uncommunicative. Observations showed oxygen saturation 91% on 28% inspired oxygen; respiratory rate 6 breaths/min; pulse 50 beats/min, and blood pressure 132/68 mm Hg. Pupils were pinpoint. Initial investigations detected sodium 130 mmol/l, potassium 7.6 mmol/l, urea 28.4 mmol/l, creatinine 320 μmol/l, pH 7.39, Po2 7.9 kPa, and Pco2 5.9 kPa. Electrocardiogram showed no hyperkalaemic changes. We noticed that the cannula previously used to administer naloxone had tissued. We gave 400 μg of naloxone via a new cannula, …
THE CAUTERY TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ENDOCERVICITIS
Authors: CARL HENRY DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Chronic endocervicitis, with or without erosion, is a very common condition. It is especially frequent among married women who have had one or more pregnancies, but may be found at times in patients with unruptured hymen. It is worthy of note that McGrath 1 found cervical disease in 38 per cent of the single women and 80 per cent of the married women in a series of 1,000 consecutive patients at the Cornell clinic who had a retrodisplacement of the uterus.  Chronic endocervicitis is always due to the presence of bacteria even though trauma, whether chemical or mechanical, may have acted as a predisposing cause. Microscopic studies from different portions of the cervix indicate that the glands near the external os are commonly diseased, while those near the internal os may appear normal. In the more recent cases, it is probable that the glands near the internal os need not
Topical Microbicides Become Topical
Authors: John P. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Developing a preventive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine that decisively reduces the rate of spread of the AIDS pandemic will take many years, at best. In the meantime, can the scientific community apply other biology-based methods to halt the transmission of HIV-1? A recent study performed by Lederman and colleagues with the use of a nonhuman primate model of sexual transmission indicates that this feat may be possible.1 By applying a specific inhibitor of virus–cell fusion to the vaginal vault of rhesus macaques, Lederman et al. protected the animals against a subsequent challenge by a vaginally inoculated, genetically . . .
KOCH TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: SOLOMON SOLIS-COHEN
Journal: JAMA (1891)

In the Polyclinic evening lecture course, February 17, Professor Solomon Solis-Cohen reviewed the published records of cases treated by the method of Koch. He stated his continued disbelief in the etiological rôle ascribed by the majority of cotemporary writers to Koch's bacillus. The work of Dr. Heneage Gibbes was highly commended, and close attention asked for the facts brought out. The close association of Koch's bacillus with certain forms of the diseases called tuberculous, and its possible determining influence in the destructive outcome of the lesions, were admitted by the lecturer. But the actual disease in the preponderence of cases he found in that condition of system or cells which permits the bacillus to find pabulum in the tissues. Given this condition, the reaction between the tissues and the bacillus gives rise to some product which destroys tissue. If we produce this substance outside the body and inject it, we