tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of pH on cellular and membrane calcium binding and contraction of myocardium. A possible role for sarcolemmal phospholipid in EC coupling.
Authors: G A Langer
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Calcium binding to cultured whole cell monolayers, to their membranes made by "gas dissection," and to sarcolemmal vesicles from canine heart, is measured as a function of pH from 5.5-8.5. The effects on binding are compared to the contraction response of the cultured cells over the same pH range. All responses to pH, including calcium binding and contraction, are well described (r = 0.98-0.99) by a relation in which calcium binding depends primarily upon the extent of ionization of sarcolemmal binding sites. The effect of pH on calcium binding to phospholipid extracted from sarcolemmal vesicles suggests that the phospholipid accounts for at least 75% of the binding. The extent of ionization of the sites is pH-dependent and predicted by a form of the Henderson-Hasselbach relation with pK of the putative sites between 6.60 and 7.15. As pH increases from 5.5-8.5, membranous calcium binding, cellular calcium uptake, and contraction amplitude increase proportionally. Cellular calcium uptake increases by 4.4 mmol/kg dry weight cells (0.75 mmol/kg wet weight). Sixty percent to 65% of this increment is rapidly exchangeable and lanthanum displaceable, indicative of sarcolemmal localization. The remainder enters a slowly exchangeable (t1/2 = 26 minutes) compartment not directly related to support of contraction. The study supports the hypothesis that calcium bound to sarcolemmal sites plays a critical role in control of myocardial contraction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The emergence of a new paradigm in ape language research: Beyond interactionism
Authors: Stuart G. Shanker, Barbara J. King
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

We group the issues raised in the commentaries into five major sections. In the first, section R1, we consider some of the antecedents to dynamic systems (DS) in psychology, biology, anthropology, and primatology and note the key changes that have occurred in DS over the past ten years. Next, in section R2, we explain the ways in which co-regulation differs markedly from interactional synchrony , focusing in particular on the creation of meaning inherent in co-regulated communication. The following section (R3) clarifies the challenge that DS poses to Cartesian assumptions about the nature of communication and contrasts this position with behaviorism. In the next section (R4) we reject the notion that IP and DS may be, in fact, compatible paradigms. Finally, we explain the exciting future we envision for using DS to facilitate consideration of evolutionary questions, particularly those concerning the comparative evolutionary development of socio-emotional dynamics between partners (section R5).
Survivin-Induced Abnormal Ploidy Contributes to Cystic Kidney and Aneurysm Formation
Authors: Wissam A. AbouAlaiwi, Brian S. Muntean, Shobha Ratnam, Bina Joe, Lijun Liu, Robert L. Booth, Ingrid Rodriguez, Britney S. Herbert, Robert L. Bacallao, Marcus Fruttiger, Tak W. Mak, Jing Zhou, Surya M. Nauli
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Cystic kidneys and vascular aneurysms are clinical manifestations seen in patients with polycystic kidney disease, a cilia-associated pathology (ciliopathy). Survivin overexpression is associated with cancer, but the clinical pathology associated with survivin downregulation or knockout has never been studied before. The present studies aim to examine whether and how cilia function (Pkd1 or Pkd2) and structure (Tg737) play a role in cystic kidney and aneurysm through survivin downregulation.Cysts and aneurysms from polycystic kidney disease patients, Pkd mouse, and zebrafish models are characterized by chromosome instability and low survivin expression. This triggers cytokinesis defects and formation of nuclear polyploidy or aneuploidy. In vivo conditional mouse and zebrafish models confirm that survivin gene deletion in the kidneys results in a cystic phenotype. As in hypertensive Pkd1, Pkd2, and Tg737 models, aneurysm formation can also be induced in vascular-specific normotensive survivin mice. Survivin knockout also contributes to abnormal oriented cell division in both kidney and vasculature. Furthermore, survivin expression and ciliary localization are regulated by flow-induced cilia activation through protein kinase C, Akt and nuclear factor-κB. Circumventing ciliary function by re-expressing survivin can rescue polycystic kidney disease phenotypes.For the first time, our studies offer a unifying mechanism that explains both renal and vascular phenotypes in polycystic kidney disease. Although primary cilia dysfunction accounts for aneurysm formation and hypertension, hypertension itself does not cause aneurysm. Furthermore, aneurysm formation and cyst formation share a common cellular and molecular pathway involving cilia function or structure, survivin expression, cytokinesis, cell ploidy, symmetrical cell division, and tissue architecture orientation.
Non-Cholera Vibrio Septicemia and Meningoencephalitis
Authors: G. PRATS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and CorrectionsJune 1, 1975Non-Cholera Vibrio Septicemia and MeningoencephalitisG. PRATS, M.D., B. MIRELIS, M.D., R. PERICAS, M.D., G. VERGER, M.D.G. PRATS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, B. MIRELIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. PERICAS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. VERGER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-6-848_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have read with interest the note by Fearrington and associates (Ann Intern Med81:401, 1974) about a case of non-cholera vibrio septicemia and meningoencephalitis. We wish to report another case.A man with hepatic cirrhosis, aged 49, entered our hospital on 2 August 1973. He was febrile (38.5 °C) but showed no signs of localized infection. A blood culture was positive and the isolated organism was identified as a nonagglutinating vibrio, Heiberg type II. Four days after starting treatment with ampicillin (3000 mg/day) the fever subsided; this treatment was followed for 10 more days. Two blood...Reference1. BUCHANANGIBBONS RN: Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 8th ed. Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1974, pp. 207, 340 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital de la Santa Cruz y San Pablo Barcelona Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics June 1, 1975Volume 82, Issue 6Page: 848-849KeywordsBloodCirrhosisFeversMeningoencephalitisSepsisVibrio Issue Published: June 1, 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Multiple Sclerosis: Clues to Its Cause
Authors: Simon Horenstein
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Few recent influences in neurology are as poorly appreciated as epidemiology. This discipline is concerned with the determinants of disease in populations rather than individuals. Application of its principles established the nature of kuru and the crucial role of hypertension in most cases of stroke. Though begun 50 years ago, such inquiry into the pathogenesis and etiology of multiple sclerosis has borne fruit only in the past two decades. It has been shown that the disease is geographically distributed and its highest incidence is in those parts of Europe and America north of the 40th parallel. Uri Leibowitz and Milton Alter extended the quest for an explanation of the factors underlying the distribution of multiple sclerosis into Israel where the diverse origins of the Jewish population of that compact country permitted simultaneous study of natives, Sephardim from Africa and Asia, regions of low incidence, and Ashkenazim from central Europe, where
Dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease: a role for bacteriophages?
Authors: P Lepage, J Colombet, P Marteau, T Sime-Ngando, J Dore, M Leclerc
Journal: Gut (2008)

Intestinal bacteria have been implicated in the initiation and amplification of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The dysbiosis theory, reviewed by Tamboli et al ( Gut 2004; 53 :1), is that an imbalance between putative “harmful” versus “protective” bacterial species may promote chronic intestinal inflammation. Although several studies published so far support this hypothesis, the most vexing question posed by Tamboli et al remains “what is the origin of dysbiosis?”. Bacteriophages outnumber bacteria by a factor of 10 in many natural ecosystems, exert a strong influence on bacterial diversity and population structure, and are probably involved in dysbiosis by destabilising bacterial communities.1 They could be involved indirectly through gene transfer and genome reorganisation within the bacterial population or directly as …
Quality of Life, Employment Status, and Anginal Symptoms After Coronary Angioplasty or Bypass Surgery
Authors: Stuart J. Pocock, Robert A. Henderson, Paul Seed, Tom Treasure, John R. Hampton
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background The Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina (RITA) trial compares initial policies of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in 1011 patients with angina. This report assesses the impact of these revascularization procedures on angina, quality of life (according to the Nottingham Health Profile), and employment over 3 years of follow-up. Methods and Results Both interventions produced marked improvement in all quality-of-life dimensions (energy, pain, emotional reactions, sleep, social isolation, and mobility) and seven aspects of daily living. Patients with angina at 2 years had more quality-of-life impairment than angina-free patients, whose perceived health was similar to population norms. This reflects the close link at baseline between angina grade and quality of life. The slightly greater impairment of quality of life in PTCA compared with CABG patients is a result of their significantly higher chances of having angina, especially after 6 months. Employment status was investigated mainly for men ≤60 years old. PTCA patients returned to work sooner (40% at 2 months compared with 10% of CABG patients), but the latter caught up by 5 months. After 2 years, 22% and 26% of CABG and PTCA patients, respectively, were not working for cardiac reasons. Patients with angina at 2 years were much more likely to be unemployed than those without. Conclusions The impact of angina on quality of life and unemployment is greatly alleviated by PTCA or CABG. Angina is avoided more successfully with CABG, but PTCA offers a speedier return to work. Both intervention strategies then produce similar benefits for quality of life and employment over several years.
Health Care Cost Control and Views of Physicians—Reply
Authors: Jon C. Tilburt, Matthew K. Wynia, Susan Dorr Goold
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Prolonged Use of Estrogens on Circulating Lipids in Patients with Idiopathic Hyperlipemia or Idiopathic Hypercholesteremia
Authors: ELAINE BOSSAK FELDMAN, CHUNI WANG, DAVID ADLERSBERG
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The low incidence of atherosclerosis in premenopausal women and the effects of gonadal extracts on serum lipids indicate the desirability of further clinical and biochemical studies. Ethinyl estradiol was administered to 12 persons with idiopathic hyperlipemia or idiopathic hypercholesteremia. Medication was given for an average period of 16 months and was well tolerated, despite moderate gynecomastia, diminished libido, or uterine bleeding. The effects on the levels of circulating lipids and the clinical feasibility of this therapy are discussed.
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION IMPROVES LEFT ATRIAL PHASIC FUNCTION BY SPECKLE-TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Frederic Poulin, Ki-Dong Lim, Heather Finn, Shemy Carasso, Eric Horlick, Mark Osten, Christopher Feindel, Robert J. Cusimano, Harry Rakowski, Anna Woo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage from Fistula between Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Right Hepatic Artery and the Duodenum
Authors: DONALD W. TAYLOR, WILLIAM I. BABCHUK, DANIEL J. WALZ, BABU R. VEMURI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

The evaluation of gastrointestinal hemorrhage after abdominal trauma may be both urgent and difficult. After gunshot trauma, a fistula between the duodenum and a post-traumatic, hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm presented as a gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Tc-99m labeled RBC imaging demonstrated the pseudoaneurysm but did not show it as the source of the gastrointestinal hemorrhage– a large clot had formed, occluding the fistula. Angiography further delineated the lesion as arising from the right hepatic artery and transcatheter embolization was performed.
Prevention of reoccluding platelet-rich thrombi in canine femoral arteries with a novel peptide antagonist of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors.
Authors: E J Haskel, S P Adams, L P Feigen, J E Saffitz, R J Gorczynski, B E Sobel, D R Abendschein
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The composition of an evolving arterial thrombus may be a determinant of how effectively pharmacologic agents prevent reocclusion after initially successful thrombolysis. In this study, reoccluding platelet- or fibrin-rich thrombi as delineated by scanning electron microscopy were produced selectively in the femoral arteries of dogs with the use of electrically induced vascular injury or implantation of copper wire, respectively. Initial thrombolysis after intravenous infusion of tissue-type plasminogen activator (1 mg/kg over 30 minutes) was less frequent in the preparation producing platelet-rich thrombi than in that producing fibrin-rich thrombi (lysis in 19 of 24 versus 18 of 18, p = 0.06). In dogs with initial arterial recanalization, intravenous infusion of arginine-glycine-aspartate-O-methyltyrosine amide (RGDY), which competes with fibrinogen for binding to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors, prevented reocclusion caused by recurrence of platelet-rich thrombi in six of six dogs within 90 minutes; reocclusion occurred in five of seven saline-infused control dogs (p = 0.02). RGDY was only partially effective in preventing reocclusion caused by recurrence of fibrin-rich thrombi (reocclusion in three of six versus five of six controls, p = 0.54). Similar results were obtained with aspirin in both preparations. At least 98% of platelet aggregation induced ex vivo by collagen was inhibited by either RGDY or aspirin. In contrast with aspirin, however, platelet function returned to normal within 1 hour after discontinuation of RGDY. Thus, the relative proportions of platelets or fibrin incorporated into thrombi influence the efficacy of both tissue-type plasminogen activator for inducing thrombolysis and antiplatelet agents for preventing reocclusion. RGDY is a potent, short-acting inhibitor of platelet aggregation that effectively prevents reocclusion under conditions in which platelet deposition predominates.
SPONTANEOUS DISAPPEARANCE OF DIABETES
Authors: HENRY J. JOHN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

In certain patients with diabetes, I have often noted such a markedly increased carbohydrate tolerance that it seemed almost equivalent to a cure, but up to the present time, in no case have I had sufficient scientific evidence to prove that a case was definitely cured. Recently I have been able to collect sufficient data in two cases of diabetes associated with acromegaly to afford a basis, with the data on a few other cases that have recently appeared in the literature, for serious consideration of the possibility of effecting a cure in certain cases of diabetes. Thus, Joslin reports a case of diabetes in a little boy who first showed sugar in the urine at the age of 7, although symptoms of diabetes had been present during the preceding year. His mother also had had diabetes. On a diet that was practically normal except for some restriction of sugar,
Analysis of aberrant pre‐messenger RNA splicing resulting from mutations in ATP8B1 and efficient in vitro rescue by adapted U1 small nuclear RNA
Authors: Wendy L. van der Woerd, Johanna Mulder, Franco Pagani, Ulrich Beuers, Roderick H.J. Houwen, Stan F.J. van de Graaf
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

ATP8B1 deficiency is a severe autosomal recessive liver disease resulting from mutations in the ATP8B1 gene characterized by a continuous phenotypical spectrum from intermittent (benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis; BRIC) to progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). Current therapeutic options are insufficient, and elucidating the molecular consequences of mutations could lead to personalized mutation‐specific therapies. We investigated the effect on pre‐messenger RNA splicing of 14 ATP8B1 mutations at exon‐intron boundaries using an in vitro minigene system. Eleven mutations, mostly associated with a PFIC phenotype, resulted in aberrant splicing and a complete absence of correctly spliced product. In contrast, three mutations led to partially correct splicing and were associated with a BRIC phenotype. These findings indicate an inverse correlation between the level of correctly spliced product and disease severity. Expression of modified U1 small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) complementary to the splice donor sites strongly improved or completely rescued splicing for several ATP8B1 mutations located at donor, as well as acceptor, splice sites. In one case, we also evaluated exon‐specific U1 snRNAs that, by targeting nonconserved intronic sequences, might reduce possible off‐target events. Although very effective in correcting exon skipping, they also induced retention of the short downstream intron. Conclusion : We systematically characterized the molecular consequences of 14 ATP8B1 mutations at exon‐intron boundaries associated with ATP8B1 deficiency and found that the majority resulted in total exon skipping. The amount of correctly spliced product inversely correlated with disease severity. Compensatory modified U1 snRNAs, complementary to mutated donor splice sites, were able to improve exon definition very efficiently and could be a novel therapeutic strategy in ATP8B1 deficiency as well as other genetic diseases. (H epatology 2015;61:1382–1391)
Efficacy of Tiotropium in Patients with Asthma in Relation to Allergic Status
Authors: Mark L. Vandewalker, Michael Engel, Hendrick Schmidt, Wolfgang Siebold, Petra Moroni-Zentgraf, Huib Kerstjens, Eric Donn Bateman, Donald P. Tashkin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 aggravates doxorubicin-mediated cardiac injury in vivo
Authors: Noreen P. Dowd, Michael Scully, Sharon R. Adderley, Anthony J. Cunningham, Desmond J. Fitzgerald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

The clinical use of doxorubicin, an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, is limited by cardiotoxicity, particularly when combined with herceptin, an antibody that blocks the HER2 receptor. Doxorubicin induces cyclooxygenase–2 (COX-2) activity in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. This expression of COX-2 limits doxorubicin-induced cardiac cell injury, raising the possibility that the administration of a prostaglandin may protect the heart during the in vivo administration of doxorubicin. Doxorubicin (15 mg/kg) administered to adult male Sprague Dawley rats induced COX-2 expression and activity in cardiac tissue. Prostacyclin generation measured as the excretion of 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1α also increased, and this was blocked by a COX-2 inhibitor, SC236. In contrast, administration of a COX-1 inhibitor SC560 at a dose that reduced serum thromboxane B2 by more than 80% did not prevent the doxorubicin-induced increase in prostacyclin generation. Doxorubicin increased cardiac injury, detected as a rise in plasma cardiac troponin T, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis; this was aggravated by coadministration of SC236 but not SC560. The degree of injury in animals treated with a combination of doxorubicin and SC236 was attenuated by prior administration of the prostacyclin analogue iloprost. These data raise the possibility of protecting the heart during the administration of doxorubicin by prior administration of prostacyclin.
Reflux Esophagitis and the Water Bed
Authors: Martin S. Kleinman
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  In 1985, 4.3 million water beds were sold in the United States. This figure represents 22.7% of all beds sold and a 25% increase in water bed sales as compared with 1984, according to the Waterbed Manufacturing Association.  Study.—  One of us (M.S.K.), a practicing gastroenterologist, observed what seemed to be a relationship between young patients with reflux esophagitis and use of water beds. In an effort to document the presence of such a relationship, the records of 100 patients who underwent gastroesophageal endoscopy at Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, NY, were reviewed. The endoscopic records of a single endoscopist (M.S.K.) were reviewed retrospectively beginning on June 30, 1986. Fifty patients with at least 2+ (moderate erythema and friability) esophagitis were selected. The patients' medical records were reviewed in an effort to determine water bed usage. If that information was not in the record, the patient was contacted