tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Options for Care
Authors: STEVEN A. YAROWS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1987Options for CareSTEVEN A. YAROWS, M.D.STEVEN A. YAROWS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-433 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have all been in situations in which we have been forced to provide extraordinary care for the patient beyond what we believe is indicated. Often this is due to a failure to discuss catastrophic illness with and present therapeutic options to the family involved. Because patients in nursing homes are more apt to develop catastrophic illnesses because of their age and underlying illnesses, these patients or their families should be told about medical care options before critical illness develops. Many families do not wish "heroic" care to be given to their relative; however, they are reluctant... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDo Not Resuscitate Discussions in a Hospital-Based Home Care Program 1 September 1987Volume 107, Issue 3Page: 433-433KeywordsNursing homesPatients Issue Published: 1 September 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Major Histocompatibility Complex–linked Control of Autoimmunity
Authors: Linda S. Wicker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Although the MHC is a key genetic component in autoimmune disease, our knowledge of the mechanisms by which the molecules encoded within the MHC influence autoimmune processes remains incomplete. Because of the linkage disequilibrium that exists among the class I, II, and III genes within the HLA
Ubiquitin-mediated interaction of p210 BCR/ABL with β-catenin supports disease progression in a murine model for chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Ru Chen, Tinghui Hu, Gwendolyn M. Mahon, Ilona Tala, Nicole L. Pannucci, Harvey L. Ozer, Ian P. Whitehead
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 2933: Synthetic lethal screening: A pathway for rational combinatorial therapies for cancer
Authors: Mark J. Axelrod, Daniel G. Gioeli, Michael J. Weber
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We hypothesize that many cases of both intrinsic and acquired resistance to single agent targeted cancer drugs occur due to the activation of compensatory signaling pathways. Combination therapies targeting both the primary and compensatory pathways may be able to produce more robust and durable responses. To identify these compensatory pathways and rationally construct combination therapies, we performed a synthetic lethal screen of 420 targeted small molecule inhibitor combinations on 17 cancer cell lines, yielding over 5500 combinatorial tests. We identified both novel and expected synergistic combinations. Among the expected combinations was the combination of inhibitors of EGF Receptor with inhibitors of PI3 Kinase. Because this combination is currently being evaluated in clinical trials, we have focused on examination of the cellular and molecular mechanism(s) of the synthetic lethality. We found that inhibition of PI3 Kinase led to increased ERK activation, and conversely that inhibition of MEK resulted in increased signaling through the PI3 Kinase pathway. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that this synergistic cytotoxicity is both due to a robust apoptotic response to combination treatment measured by caspase 3 cleavage and also a decrease in proliferation upon combination treatment measured by BrdU incorporation. Using Reverse Phase Protein Arrays, we identified phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 as a molecular biomarker of synergistic cytotoxicity with these agents. To determine whether this biomarker reflects a mechanistic node in the signaling network, we tested pharmacological inhibition of 70 kD ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and found only modest cytotoxicity, but also robust activation of ERK1 and 2. This increase could be blocked by the addition of a pharmacological inhibitor of the EGF Receptor, suggesting a negative feedback loop between p70S6K and the EGF Receptor. Combined treatment with p70S6K and EGF Receptor inhibitors resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity. Currently, we are identifying the node between EGF Receptor and p70S6K signaling that could be responsible for this synthetic lethality. Additionally, we are conducting xenograft studies using inhibitors of this pathway that are currently in clinical trials, to test the efficacy of this drug combination in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2933. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2933
Reply to Behnam Shakiba's Letter to the Editor re: Philipp Dahm, James N’Dow, Lars Holmberg, Freddie Hamdy. The Future of Randomised Controlled Trials in Urology. Eur Urol 2014;66:1–3
Authors: Philipp Dahm, James N’Dow, Lars Holmberg, Freddie Hamdy
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Quitting Smoking in the United States in 1986
Authors: E. J. Hatziandreu, J. P. Pierce, M. Lefkopoulou, M. C. Fiore, S. L. Mills, T. E. Novotny, G. A. Giovino, R. M. Davis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

In an analysis of recent behavior with regard to quitting smoking, detailed histories were obtained on a representative sample of 5,623 Americans who had smoked in the year preceding the 1986 Adult Use of Tobacco Survey. An estimated 55.8 million Americans smoked regularly for some period during the year prior to the survey. Approximately one third (34.8%) quit for at least a day during the year prior to the survey, 28.3% quit for at least 7 days during the year prior to the survey, and 16.2% were still not smoking at the time of the survey. Of those who quit for a day, 54% had relapsed by the time of the survey. Demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, race, marital status, and education, were evaluated as predictors of making a major attempt to quit for 7 days or more. Among those who had made a major attempt, a similar analysis was done predicting success in maintaining cessation for 3 months or more. Ordinal logistic regression analyses showed that younger age and higher education predicted a major attempt to quit. There was only one group who differed markedly from all others: those who were younger and were more highly educated. Older age and being white predicted those who abstained for 3 months or longer.
Co-associations between IL33 Gene Variants and Schistosoma mansoni Infection and Asthma
Authors: L. Gao, M.I. Araujo, J.V. Cordell, N. Rafaels, C. Vergara, M. Campbell, A.V. Grant, E.V. Ponte, R.R. Oliveira, A.A. Cruz, E.M. Carvalho, T.H. Beaty, R.A. Mathias, K.C. Barnes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Is ghrelin a signal for the development of metabolic systems?
Authors: K. L. Grove
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Ghrelin, produced in the stomach, acts on growth hormone secretagogue receptors (GHSRs) in hypothalamic neurons to potently increase food intake. However, male mice with deletions of ghrelin (Ghrl-/- mice) or GHSR (Ghsr-/- mice) display normal growth and regulation of food intake. Furthermore, adult Ghrl-/- mice display a normal sensitivity to high-fat diet-induced obesity. These findings from early studies raised the question as to whether the ghrelin system is an essential component for the regulation of food intake and body weight homeostasis. However, recent studies by Wortley et al. and Zigman et al. demonstrate that Ghrl-/- and Ghsr-/- mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity when fed a high-fat diet during the early post-weaning period. This commentary highlights 3 key issues raised by these 2 reports: (a) the impact of ghrelin on the development of metabolic systems; (b) the constitutive activity of GHSR; and (c) gender differences in the sensitivity to deletion of the ghrelin signaling system.
IMPROVEMENT IN LEFT VENTRICULAR LONG- AND SHORT-AXIS MECHANICAL FUNCTION INDUCED BY CARDIAC CONTRACTILITY MODULATION
Authors: Qing Zhang, Yat-Sun Chan, Wing-Hong Fung, Yu-Jia Liang, Gabriel Wai-Kwok Yip, Jun-Min Xie, Yat-Yin Lam, Cheuk-Man Yu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
<i>Alternaria</i> sensitization and allergic rhinitis with or without asthma in the French Six Cities study
Authors: Z. A. Randriamanantany, I. Annesi‐Maesano, D. Moreau, C. Raherison, D. Charpin, C. Kopferschmitt, F. Lavaud, A. Taytard, F. De Blay, D. Caillaud
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Allergic sensitization to Alternaria has been related to asthma in various studies, but its association with allergic rhinitis is still controversial.The aim of this study was to assess at the population level the relationships in childhood between Alternaria sensitization and 'past-year rhinoconjunctivitis' (PYRC), 'ever hay fever' (EHF) and 'ever allergic rhinitis caused by allergens other than pollens' (EAR) according to the presence or the absence of asthma.This study is part of the Six Cities Study, the French contribution to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase II. Children underwent skin prick test (SPT) to Alternaria and parents filled a standardized medical questionnaire.Some 6726 children with a mean age of 10 years were examined. The overall prevalence of Alternaria sensitization was 2.8%, 0.8% for monosensitization. Prevalences of symptoms in sensitized children were 27.7% for PYRC, 27.0% for EHF and 30.4% for EAR. Adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) between Alternaria sensitization and allergic rhinitis phenotypes were 2.34 (95% confidence interval: 1.51-3.63) for PYRC, 2.40 (1.65-3.50) for EHF and 2.95 (2.05-4.23) for EAR. The relationship still remained in the case of monosensitization to Alternaria for both PYRC and EAR when excluding the asthmatic children [OR = 3.87 (1.54-9.78) and 2.88 (1.10-7.55) respectively].In our population-based sample of children, we found a link between Alternaria sensitization and allergic rhinitis, independently of asthma, which is compatible with the mechanisms of deposition of Alternaria in the upper airways.
A Comparison of Proximity and Land Use Regression Traffic Exposure Models and Wheezing in Infants
Authors: Patrick H. Ryan, Grace K. LeMasters, Pratim Biswas, Linda Levin, Shaohua Hu, Mark Lindsey, David I. Bernstein, James Lockey, Manuel Villareal, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Sergey A. Grinshpun
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

BackgroundWe previously reported an association between infant wheezing and residence < 100 m from stop-and-go bus and truck traffic. The use of a proximity model, however, may lead to exposure misclassification.ObjectiveResults obtained from a land use regression (LUR) model of exposure to truck and bus traffic are compared with those obtained with a proximity model. The estimates derived from the LUR model were then related to infant wheezing.MethodsWe derived a marker of diesel combustion—elemental carbon attributable to traffic sources (ECAT)—from ambient monitoring results of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm. We developed a multiple regression model with ECAT as the outcome variable. Variables included in the model were locations of major roads, bus routes, truck traffic count, and elevation. Model parameter estimates were applied to estimate individual ECAT levels at infants' homes.ResultsThe levels of estimated ECAT at the monitoring stations ranged from 0.20 to 1.02 μg/m3. A LUR model of exposure with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.75 was applied to infants' homes. The mean (± SD) ambient exposure of ECAT for infants previously categorized as unexposed, exposed to stop-and-go traffic, or exposed to moving traffic was 0.32 ± 0.06, 0.42 ± 0.14, and 0.49 ± 0.14 μg/m3, respectively. Levels of ECAT from 0.30 to 0.90 μg/m3 were significantly associated with infant wheezing.ConclusionsThe LUR model resulted in a range of ECAT individually derived for all infants' homes that may reduce the exposure misclassification that can arise from a proximity model.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Simulating Pyogenic Infection
Authors: D. S. Short
Journal: BMJ (1949)

IIRITISH _M EDICA JO UJR and injury.T.A.T.: preoccupation with and fear of sadistic impulses.Onset of pain in back, legs, and hands during last pregnancy.Pathogenesis: somatic expression of discontent from thwarted masculine aims
Abstract B16: Progastrin activates colon fibroblasts and participates to the dialogue between tumor epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts in colorectal cancer
Authors: Nicolas Fénié, Claudine Bertrand, Aurélien Lacombe, Serge Roche, Corinne Bousquet, Valérie Gouazé-Andersson, Christine Toulas, Elizabeth Moyal, Audrey Ferrand
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. One of the main reasons for this high mortality rate is because CRC develops into invasive lesions with high metastasis potential. The cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) present in the tumour reactive stroma promote epithelial cancer cell motility and aggressiveness. However, whereas the role of tumour-stroma crosstalks in cancer progression is increasingly documented, how “normal” resident fibroblasts are converted into pro-invasive CAFs and how CAFs participate to the epithelial-stroma dialogue remains an open question. Precursor of the hormone gastrin, progastrin, now established as a growth factor for colon cells, is detected in colorectal polyps and tumours while it is absent in healthy colon. Using immunohistochemical and biochemical approaches we found that progastrin induces the expression of fibroblast activation markers (alphaSMA, FAPalpha) in the normal colon mucosa of progastrin-overexpressing mice as well as in the human colon fibroblast cell line CCD18Co. To investigate the role of progastrin-induced fibroblast activation, we compared the migration of colon epithelial cancer cells expressing or not the hormone in presence or absence of fibroblasts in Boyden chamber. Progastrin-expressing epithelial cells have increased migration capacities in presence of fibroblasts while not difference between the two epithelial cell lines was observed in absence of fibroblasts. Moreover, we identified the implication of different chemokines in this process. Thus, here we demonstrate that progastrin, secreted by tumour epithelial cells, contributes to the activation of the fibroblasts present in the cancer-associated stroma and participates to the epithelial-stroma dialogue. Citation Format: Nicolas Fénié, Claudine Bertrand, Aurélien Lacombe, Serge Roche, Corinne Bousquet, Valérie Gouazé-Andersson, Christine Toulas, Elizabeth Moyal, Audrey Ferrand. Progastrin activates colon fibroblasts and participates to the dialogue between tumor epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B16. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-B16
Quantitative detection of regional left ventricular contraction abnormalities by two-dimensional echocardiography. I. Analysis of methods.
Authors: P F Moynihan, A F Parisi, C L Feldman
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Different approaches to the quantification of regional left ventricular (LV) function from two-dimensional echocardiographic (2-D echo) images were assessed for their ability to optimize interobserver reproducibility in a heterogeneous patient population and to minimize the variability of regional function observed in a homogeneous normal population. Areas, hemiaxis and perimeter measurements were examined, as were the effect of the degree of image subdivision into halves, quadrants or octants. Each approach was also tested using both a fixed and a floating frame of reference for the definition of a regional-axis system. The area method was consistently superior to either linear method in optimizing both reproducibility and variability. Reproducibility decreased inversely with the degree of subdivision. The axis-system frame of reference had no effect on reproducibility. The floating-axis system yielded the same variability as the fixed system for short-axis sections at the mitral valve level, but slightly less variability for a papillary muscle level section. We conclude that area-based methods are superior for the evaluation of regional LV function with 2-D echo, but the degree of subdivision of the image and the frame of reference chosen do not greatly affect reproducibility or variability and should be chosen based on their performance in a well-defined clinical population.
Biocompatibility and biofilm inhibition of N,N-hexyl,methyl-polyethylenimine bonded to Boston Keratoprosthesis materials
Authors: Irmgard Behlau, Koushik Mukherjee, Amit Todani, Ann S. Tisdale, Fabiano Cade, Liqiang Wang, Elizabeth M. Leonard, Fouad R. Zakka, Michael S. Gilmore, Frederick A. Jakobiec, Claes H. Dohlman, Alexander M. Klibanov
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
The importance of Src homology 2 domain-containing leukocyte phosphoprotein of 76 kilodaltons sterile-α motif domain in thymic selection and T-cell activation
Authors: Shudan Shen, Jasmine Lau, Minghua Zhu, Jianwei Zou, Deirdre Fuller, Qi-jing Li, Weiguo Zhang
Journal: Blood (2009)
Time to Redefine the Duration of Antimicrobial Treatment in Male Patients With Urinary Infections—Reply
Authors: Dimitri M. Drekonja
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Sublingual‐swallow immunotherapy (SLIT) in patients with asthma due to house‐dust mites: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: J Bousquet, P Scheinmann, MT Guinnepain, M Perrin‐Fayolle, J Sauvaget, AB Tonnel, G Pauli, D Caillaud, R Dubost, F Leynadier, D Vervloet, D Herman, S Galvain, C Andre
Journal: Allergy (1999)

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was carried out in 85 patients with a well-documented history of perennial asthma caused by house-dust mites. Patients received either placebo or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP)-D. farinae (DF) 50/50 extract. After a run-in period, patients received increasing doses up to 300 IR every day for 4 weeks and then three times a week for the following 24 months. The cumulative dose was about 104000 IR, equivalent to 4.2 mg Der p 1 and 7.3 mg Der f 1. Symptom and medication scores and respiratory function were assessed throughout the trial. Serum specific IgE and IgG4 were determined before SLIT (t0) and after 6 (t1), 11 (t2), 17 (t3), and 25 months (t4) of SLIT. Mite exposure was evaluated at t0, t2, and t4 by semiquantitative guanine determinations. Patients aged 15 years and older were asked to assess their quality of life (QoL) by completing the SF20 (Short Form Health Status Survey) plus two items at t0, t2, and t4. Use of inhaled corticosteroids and beta2-agonists was significantly decreased after 25 months of treatment in both groups (P<0.03). SLIT patients showed significant improvements in respiratory function at t4 (% predicted FEV1 (P = 0.01), VC (P = 0.002), morning (P = 0.01) and evening (P = 0.03) PEFR), and reduction in daytime asthma score (P = 0.02). In the SLIT group, the post-treatment PD20 was 1.75 times higher than the baseline value. There was no change in PD20 in the placebo group. Compared to the placebo group, the SLIT group showed a significant increase in specific IgE DP(P = 0.05), IgE DF(P = 0.02), IgG4 DP(P = 0.001), and IgG4 DF (P = 0.001) levels after SLIT. QoL scores were similar in both groups at t0 and t2. At t4, all scores were better in the SLIT group than in the placebo group, with the differences being most marked for the general perception of health (P = 0.01) and physical pain (P = 0.02). Adverse events were similar in the two groups. This study shows that SLIT in house-dust-mite-related asthma has a good safety profile and improves respiratory function, bronchial hyperreactivity, and QoL.
Proteasome inhibition aggravates tumour necrosis factor-mediated bone resorption
Authors: T Kireva, K Polzer, K Neubert, S Meister, B Frey, W Baum, J H Distler, G Schett, R E Voll, J Zwerina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Heterozygous human tumour necrosis factor α transgenic (hTNFαtg) mice and wild-type littermates were intravenously injected with 0.75 mg/kg bortezomib or phosphate buffered saline twice a week. Mice were weekly assessed for clinical signs of arthritis. After 6 weeks of …
ENT emergencies in general practice.
Authors: H De la Haye Davies
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The amount a general practitioner can do in managing ear, nose, and throat ENT! emergencies depends on his experience and the availability of the right equipment. Ideally if he has experience in an ENT house job or as a clinical assistant then he will be expert in using the head mirror, a technique which requires some practice and which leaves his hands free to carry out various manipulations with his instruments. These manipulations arc performed in dark, deep cavities or sensitive areas in patients who are usually frightened and liable to move
Two important points
Authors: D. Rowen, J. Carlton, J. E. Brazier, B. Mulhern, S. Palfreyman, K. Stevens, A. Tsuchiya
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The new Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on patient reported outcome measures (PROMs)1 2 will affect the use of PROMs in clinical trials and thus the evidence available to licensing and reimbursement authorities worldwide.

We have two comments. Firstly, the guidance …