The Significance of Calcium Phosphate Crystals in the Synovial Fluid of Arthritic Patients: The "Pseudogout Syndrome"
Authors: DANIEL J. MCCARTY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

Article1 May 1962The Significance of Calcium Phosphate Crystals in the Synovial Fluid of Arthritic Patients: The "Pseudogout Syndrome"I. Clinical AspectsDANIEL J. MCCARTY JR., M.D., NORMAN N. KOHN, M.D., JAMES S. FAIRES, M.D.DANIEL J. MCCARTY JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, NORMAN N. KOHN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES S. FAIRES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-5-711 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe development of a rapid, simple technique for the specific identification of urate crystals in gouty synovial fluid also resulted in the discovery of non-urate crystals in the affected joints of two patients (1). One case displayed the typical clinical features of acute gouty arthritis except for a normal serum urate level. This finding led us to examine microscopically numerous fluids from arthritic joints; we succeeded in finding non-urate crystals in six additional cases. Fluid from one of these patients, a known gouty arthritic, also showed urate crystals. The seven (non-gouty) patients showed clinical and roentgenographic similarities.Crystals from six...References1. MCCARTYHOLLANDER DJJL: The identification of urate crystals in gouty synovial fluid. Ann. Intern. Med. 54, 452, 1961. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KohnHUGHESMCCARTYFAIRES NNREDJJS: The significance of calcium phosphate crystals in the synovial fluid of arthritic patients; the "pseudogout syndrome." II. Identification of crystals. Ann. Intern. Med. 56: 738, 1962. LinkGoogle Scholar3. MCCARTY DJ: Phagocytosis of urate crystals in gouty synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheum. 4: 425, 1961. Google Scholar4. FAIRESMCCARTY JSDJ: Unpublished data. Google Scholar5. ROPESBAUER MWW: Synovial Fluid Changes in Joint Disease, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1953. Google Scholar6. ZITNANSITAJ DS: Calcifications multiples du cartilage articulaire, 9th International Congress sur les Maladies Rhumatismales 2: 291, 1957. Google Scholar7. ZITNANSITAJ DS: Mnohopocetna Familiarha Kalcifikaciz artikularnych chrupiek. Bratislavkse Lekarske Listy 28: 217, 1958. Google Scholar8. ZITNANSITAJ DS: Chondrocalcinosis polyarticularis (familiaris); rentgenologicky a klinicky rozelor. Cesk. Rentgenol. 14: 27, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar9. RAVAULTVIGNONLEJEUNEMAITREPIERREGAUTHIER PPGEJJ Diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis (apropos of 6 personal cases). J. Med. Lyon 42: 65, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar10. WERWATH K: Abnorme Kalkablagerungen innerhalb des Kniegelenkes, ein Betrag zur Frage der Primen Meniskopathie. Fortschr. Roentgenstr. Nuklearmed. 37: 169, 1928. Google Scholar11. BRUCHHOLTZ H: Kniemeniskusverkalkung im Rontgenbild. Rontgenpraxis 1: 888, 1929. Google Scholar12. ISRAELSKIPOLLACK MH: Uber Kalkablagerungen in den Kniegelenke und im Intervertebralscheiben. Brun. Beitr. Klin. Chir. 150: 476, 1930. Google Scholar13. WOLKE K: Uber meniskus und Gelenkknorpelverkalkung. Acta Radiol. Scand. 16: 577, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar14. HARMON PH: Degenerative calcification in articular cartilage of the knee. Differentiation from calcification of the menisci. J. Bone Joint Surg. 26: 838, 1944. Google Scholar15. MARZIANI P: Sopra una particolare molattia articolari: l' inscrostazione colcarea sustemica delle cartilagini articolari. Arch. Putti. Chir. Org. Mov. 3: 220, 1950. Google Scholar16. SCHROP FJ: Zur genese der primaren meniskus-verkalung. Fortschr. Roentgenstr. Nuklearmed. 76: 202, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar17. EDWARDSDAVIS DAS: Primary asymptomatic calcification of articular cartilage. J. Bone Joint Surg. 35 B: 434, 1953. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. BUNJECOLE HWR: Calcification of articular cartilage: report of a case. J. Bone Joint Surg. 38 B: 874, 1956. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. LOSADACOXRODRIQUEZRONBONSILVA MLFLJVETLR: Generalized articular calcinosis. Report of a case. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 16: 454, 1957. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. MUHR H: Uber eine generalisierte primare kalkeinlagerung in die Gelenk knorpelgrenzflachen mit demonstrierung der wahren gelenkspalte. Fortschr. Roentgenstr. Nuklearmed. 88: 650, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar21. PRACKEMIKES TK: Mnohocetne kalcifikace kloubnick chrupauek. Acta Chir. Orthop. Traum. Cech. 26: 36, 1959. MedlineGoogle Scholar22. KELLYCOVENTRY PJMB: Calcification of the articular cartilage with calcification of the capsule of the hip. Proc. Mayo Clin. 32: 579, 1957. MedlineGoogle Scholar23. SINIGAGLIAOPRANDI DC: Generalized calcareous incrustation of the joint cartilages. Minerva Ortop. 11: 713, 1960. Google Scholar24. HOSKINGCLENNAR GEG: Calcification in articular cartilage. J. Bone Joint Surg. 42 B: 530, 1960. CrossrefGoogle Scholar25. FRANCON F: Three cases of meniscal calcification of the knee. Bull. Acad. Nat. Med. (Par.) 144: 839, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar26. JUNELSCHENKEL RJP: A case of diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis. Rev. Rhum. 28: 184, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar27. BURACZEWSKIDZIUKOWAPRONASZKO-RZEPECKA JJI: A contribution to the problem of calcification of articular cartilage. Fortschr. Roentgenstr. Nuklearmed. 95: 255, 1961. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar28. DE SEZEHUBAULTKAHN SAMF: Two cases of diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis simulating chronic rheumatoid polyarthritis. Rev. Rhum. 28: 439, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar29. RUBENS-DUVALVILLIAUMEYARISTOFF AJH: A case of diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis of inflammatory nature. Rev. Rhum. 28: 444, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar30. TALBOTT JH: Gout, Grune & Stratton, New York and London, 1957. Google Scholar31. MINKOWSKI O: cited by STEINITZ, M.: Calcinosis circumscripa ("kalkgicht") und calcinosis universalis. Ergebn. Inn. Med. Kinderheilk. 39: 216, 1931. Google Scholar32. HOLLANDERJESSARBROWN JLRAEM: Intrasynovial corticosteroid therapy: a decade of use. Bull. Rheum. Dis. 11: 239, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar33. LIPPMANN O: Local irritating effect caused by topical use of steroids in the eye. Arch. Ophthal. 57: 339, 1957. CrossrefGoogle Scholar34. BAUERCALKINS WE: in Diseases of Metabolism, ed. by Duncan, G. G., W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1959, p. 668. Google Scholar35. STOUGAARD J: The hereditary factor in osteochondritis dissecans. J. Bone Joint Surg. 43 B: 256, 1961. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaFrom the Arthritis Section, Department of Medicine, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, 230 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Supported in part by research grant A-4626 and training grant 2A-5201, National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Disease, United States Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Daniel J. McCarty, Jr., M.D., Department of Medicine, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, 230 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA case of deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystals with synovial chondromatosis in the temporomandibular jointArticular and periarticular spinal calcifications in relation to synovial fluid findings in patients with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD)The Incidence and Significance of Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposits in Histologic Examinations of Total Hip, Knee, and Shoulder Joint ArthroplastiesReview: Outcome measures in calcium pyrophosphate depositionA Phage Display-Identified Short Peptide Capable of Hydrolyzing Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals—The Etiological Factor of ChondrocalcinosisA case of severe gout: A differential diagnosisAccuracy of synovial fluid analysis compared to histology for the identification of calcium pyrophosphate crystals: an ancillary study of the OMERACT US Working Group - CPPD subgroup80 Meilensteine der Rheumatologie aus 80 Jahren – II: 1961–1980Towards development of core domain sets for short term and long term studies of calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD) disease: A framework paper by the OMERACT CPPD working groupSafety Assessment of Phosphoric Acid and Its Salts as Used in CosmeticsBilateral locking or triggering fingers due to intratendinous calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition: A case reportNodular Pseudogout of the Skull Base Arising From the Temporomandibular JointArthroscopic diagnosis and medical management of calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease in the temporomandibular jointPrevalence of chondrocalcinosis in the temporomandibular joint in patients with chondrocalcinosis of the knee or wristOutcome domains reported in calcium pyrophosphate deposition studies: A scoping review by the OMERACT CPPD working groupA case of tophaceous pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint extending into the craniumPathological crystal imaging with single‐shot computational polarized light microscopyIssues in CPPD Nomenclature and ClassificationOssification of the yellow ligament in the cervical spine – an unusual locationMost needle-shaped calcium pyrophosphate crystals lack birefringenceLíquido sinovial normal y patológicoDiagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate deposition by imaging – current state and challenges remainingCalcium pyrophosphate deposition disease after total knee arthroplasty: Comparison with periprosthetic joint infectionTophaceous Pseudogout in the Index FingerTophaceous Pseudogout of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Case ReportAge-Related Prevalence of Periodontoid Calcification and Its Associations with Acute Cervical PainCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease in the temporomandibular joint: diagnosis and treatmentCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint with acute attack: A report of two casesCartilage diseasesPseudogout – a rare manifestation of hungry bone syndrome after focused parathyroidectomyPathophysiology of Calcification and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum in the Cervical SpineA case of tophaceous pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint extending to the base of the skullInfluence of Ionic Additives on Triclinic Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate PrecipitationA case of large tophaceous pseudogout occupying the infratemporal fossaEditorial: Decreasing Crystal-Induced Consternation: New Methods of Crystal IdentificationPrevalence of asymptomatic chondrocalcinosis in the pelvisCalcium Pyrophosphate Deposition DiseasePseudogout in the Temporomandibular Joint With Imaging, Arthroscopic, Operative, and Pathologic Findings. Report of an Unusual CaseDestructive Pseudo-neuroarthropathy Associated With Calcium Pyrophosphate DepositionClinical goutCalcium pyrophosphate crystal–associated arthropathyCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition DiseaseThe Role of Radiology in the Evolution of the Understanding of Articular DiseaseThe prevalence of and factors related to calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition in the knee jointEpidemiology of Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Arthritis and Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystal ArthropathyCalcium pyrophosphate depositionTophaceous pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint: a series of 3 casesJoint aspiration and injection and synovial fluid analysisA case of mistaken identity: pseudogout in a prosthetic kneeBilateral Pseudogout 8 Years After Bilateral Total Knee ArthroplastyAcute Lumbar Spinal Pseudogout Attack After Instrumented SurgeryGenetics and Mechanisms of Crystal Deposition in Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition DiseaseArticular Pathology of Gout, Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate and Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystal Deposition ArthropathiesSynovial Fluid Crystal AnalysisASYMPTOMATIC CALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE DEPOSITION DISEASE CAUSING CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: CASE REPORTA case of calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate crystal deposition with synovial chondromatosis and calcification of the disc in the temporomandibular jointPhilip S. Hench’s Rheumatology Axiomatic Generalizations: Table 1.Pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint: an uncommon cause of temporomandibular joint pain and swellingCalcium pyrophosphate deposition—nothing 'pseudo' about it!Gout and coexisting pseudogout in the knee jointSynovial fluid analysis for crystalsPathophysiology of articular chondrocalcinosis—role of ANKHGelenkpunktion und -injektion – Die GeschichteEnfermedad por depósito de cristales de pirofosfato cálcico en la articulación temporomandibular con extensión intracraneal. A propósito de un casoA case of pseudogout in the inferior joint space of the temporomandibular jointProblems in polarized light microscopy observation of birefringence of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystalsAnálisis de líquido sinovialCPPD crystal deposition disease of the cervical spine: A common cause of acute neck pain encountered in the neurology departmentTophaceous pseudogout (tumoral calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease) of the temporomandibular joint: A case reportMetabolic and Nutritional DisordersSynovial fluid analysisRheumatic manifestations of endocrine diseasesA Case of CPPD Crystal Deposition Disease in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic SclerosisJoint aspiration and injection and synovial fluid analysisC1-2 Steroid Injection for Crowned Dens SyndromeCalcium Crystals and Arthritis: What Is New Under Polarizing Light?Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition in the ligamentum flavum of degenerated lumbar spine: histopathological and immunohistological findingsPseudogout of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Case ReportCrystal-Related ArthritisSubcutaneous tendon rupture of extensor tendons on bilateral wrists associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition diseaseCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease (Pseudogout) after Total Knee ArthroplastyPseudogout After Total Knee ArthroplastyCrystal-Associated Arthritis in the ElderlyChondrocalcinoses articulaires familiales: nouvelles approches physiopathologiquesDisorders of Tumoral Calcification of the SpineRecurrent back pain and feversCervical myelopathy induced by pseudogout in ligamentum flavum and retro-odontoid mass: a case reportChondrocalcinosisCrystal-Induced Arthropathies—Historical AspectsPseudogout: Presentation, Natural History, and Associated ConditionsCalcium Crystal Deposition and OsteoarthritisTreatment of Crystal Arthropathy—History and AdvancesImaging Features of Crystal-Induced ArthropathyAcute pseudogout following contrast angiographyLiquide synovial normal et pathologiqueParathyroid adenoma an unusual presentationLiquide synovial normal et pathologique4 T MRI of chondrocalcinosis in combination with three-dimensional CT, radiography, and arthroscopy: a report of three casesCrystal-Associated Arthritis in the ElderlySynovial fluid analysisCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition DiseaseInvestigation into the Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Endothelin Antagonists in a Murine Model of Experimental Monosodium Urate PeritonitisLíquido sinovial normal y patológicoThe clinical significance of gelatinase B in gouty arthritis of the kneeLiquide synovial normal et pathologiqueArthrose non traumatique du poignet : la chondrocalcinoseTumoral Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease of the Ligamentum FlavumModelling the formation of granules: the influence of manganese ions on calcium pyrophosphate precipitatesActivation of melanocortin type 3 receptor as a molecular mechanism for adrenocorticotropic hormone efficacy in gouty arthritisPseudogout Attack of the Lumbar Facet Joint: A Case ReportFever with Acute Arthritis in Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease: A Missed Explanation for Altered Mental Status in Elderly Patients?Effect of Chondrocalcinosis on the MR Imaging of Knee MenisciForamen Magnum Syndrome Secondary to Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Deposition in the Transverse Ligament of the AtlasLes chondrocalcinoses articulaires familiales : étude d’une famille alsacienneArtropatías microcristalinas ii. artritis por pirofosfatosTumoral Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition DiseaseInfluence of Zinc on the Formation of Granules of Calcium PyrophosphateDifferential diagnosis of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition of the temporomandibular jointTumors and Tumorous Masses Presenting as Temporomandibular Joint SyndromeCRYSTAL-ASSOCIATED ARTHRITIS IN THE ELDERLYA Case of PseudogoutStoffwechselkrankheitenCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease Causing Thoracic Cord Compression: Case ReportCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition Disease Causing Thoracic Cord Compression: Case ReportCalcification of the Cervical Ligamentum Flavum. Case Report.Familial and clinical aspects of calcium pyrophosphate deposition diseasCloning and expression profile of human inorganic pyrophosphatasePosterior Interosseous Nerve Syndrome Due to PseudogoutDestructive tophaceous calcium hydroxyapatite tumor of the infratemporal fossaCALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE DEPOSITION DISEASE MIMICKING INFECTION IN THE LUMBAR SPINECrystal-Associated ArthritisMicroanalysis of Pathological Crystals and Urinary CalculiCalcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Formation and DissolutionA case of the calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease without condylar destruction of the temporomandibular jointTophaceous pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint: Report of a casePeriodontoid calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease: “pseudogout” mass lesions of the craniocervical junctionCervical Myelopathy Caused by Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition in Facet JointsThe interaction of monoclinic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals with neutrophilsCrystal-induced arthritis: An overviewCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease As a Cause of Lumbar Canal StenosisThe ultrastructure and calcification of matrix vesicles in osteoarthritic articular cartilageTophaceous pseudogout (tumoral calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease)Bilateral pseudogout of the temporomandibular jointCrystal arthritisThe application of atomic force microscopy for the detection of microcrystals in synovial fluid from patients with recurrent synovitisCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease of the temporomandibular jointShoulder Pain in the Dialysis PatientHuman polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytosis of crystalline cholesterol, bilirubin, and calcium hydroxyapatitein vitroEffect of Particle Size on Alumina-induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Metabolites by Human LeukocytesCalcium pyrophosphate-induced pleurisy in rats: A new model of acute inflammationAgeing increases growth factor-induced inorganic pyrophosphate elaboration by articular cartilageCrystals and arthritisCalcium Pyrophosphate Arthropathy of the SpineGout and ‘pseudogout’Synthetic calcium phosphates: Models for biological crystals?Diseases associated with calcium pyrophosphate deposition diseaseClinical and family studies in Hungarian patients with goutCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease of the temporomandibular joint: Report of a caseUnusual Huge Intramuscular Granuloma with Calcium Phosphate Crystal Deposition in the ButtockChondrocalcinosis of the temporomandibular joint: An external ear canal pseudotumorAcute carpal tunnel syndrome caused by pseudogoutSome commonly unrecognized manifestations of metabolic arthropathiesPermanent Stained Preparations of Synovial Fluid for Detection of Calcium Compounds Using Alizarin Red SKnee pain in the elderlyOssification of human menisciThe Course of ChondrocalcinosisCrystal-induced DiseaseCrystal-associated arthropathiesPSEUDOGOUT AND PSEUDOSEPSIS OF THE SHOULDERCase 17-1990Ultrastructural localization of calcium in normal and pathologic cartilageInflammatory reactions induced by various calcium pyrophosphate crystalsThe first descriptions of chondrocalcinosisTumoral calcium pyrophosphate deposition diseaseMechanisms of Pathologic CalcificationClinical Aspects of Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal DepositionMixed Crystal DepositionCrystal-Associated ArthropathiesCrystals in jointsCalcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease: Preparation and characterization of crystalsEffect of synthetic calcium pyrophosphate and hydroxyapatite crystals on the interaction of human blood mononuclear cells with chondrocytes, synovial cells, and fibroblastsDestructive calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate temporo-mandibular arthropathy (pseudogout)Effect of glycosaminoglycans on calcium pyrophosphate crystal formation in collagen gelsGout and pseudogout of the temporomandibular jointOxalosis in Bone Causing a Radiographical Mimicry of Renal OsteodystrophyA Century of American RheumatologyTHOMAS G. BENEDEK, M.D.PYROPHOSPHATE ARTHROPATHYDiagnostic Criteria in Rheumatoid ArthritisCalcium pyrophosphate crystal arthropathy: A biomineralization disorderCrystal Deposition Disease in the ElderlyArthritis Associated With Crystals Containing CalciumGout and other crystal-deposition disordersLocalized chondrocalcinosis in traumatized jointsCrystal Deposition in Osteoarthritis: An Opportunistic Event?Arthritis and Calcium-Containing Crystals An OverviewNucleation and Growth of CPPD Crystals and Related Species in VitroChondroarthropathienCalcium pyrophosphate and pseudogoutCase reportsCalcium pyrophosphate crystal depositionAntrafenine: Anti-inflammatory activity with respect to oedema and leucocyte infiltration in the ratExperimental arthritis induced by intraarticular injection of allogenic cartilaginous particles into rabbit kneesArthropathien bei weiteren metabolischen und ernährungsbedingten StörungenGelenkePunktionsdiagnostik und GelenkzytologieCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposits in the cervical ligamenta flava causing myeloradiculopathyApatite-induced acute bursitides triggered by parathyroidectomyHand and wrist involvement in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition diseaseCrystal deposition diseasePurification and partial characterization of ATP pyrophosphohydrolase from fetal bovine epiphyseal cartilage.Alizarin red s staining as a screening test to detect calcium compounds in synovial fluidWhat do we know about the sacroiliac joint?Hormonale Osteopathien im ErwachsenenalterSpondylopathien bei metabolischen und ernährungsbedingten StörungenHormonale Osteopathien im ErwachsenenalterCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition diseaseExperimental hydroxyapatite synovial and articular cartilage calcification. light and electron microscopic studiesCalcium Oxalate Microcrystalline-Associated Arthritis in End-Stage Renal DiseaseGARY S. HOFFMAN, M.D., H. RALPH SCHUMACHER, M.D., HERNANDO PAUL, M.D., VARGHESE CHERIAN, Ph.D., ROBERTA REED, Ph.D., ALLAN G. RAMSAY, M.D., WALTER A. FRANCK, M.D.Sacroiliac joint abnormalities in calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition diseaseCrystal arthropaties in osteo-arthritis: — clinical aspects and laboratory techniques for crystal identificationRelease of Pyrophosphate by Normal Mammalian Articular Hyaline and Fibrocartilage in Organ CultureRheumatological Manifestations of Diabetes MellitusIdiopathic familial chondrocalcinosis due to apatite crystal depositionAcute pseudogout: “crystal shedding” or acute crystallization?Familial articular chondrocalcinosis in quebecPhysiology of Articular CartilageGout and pseudogout: Crystal-induced arthropathiesPyrophosphate Arthritis with Local Amyloid DepositionSynovial fluid beta 2 microglobulin and hydroxyproline fractions in rheumatoid arthritis and nonautoimmune arthropathies.Formation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in vitro: implications for calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (pseudogout)Intravenous colchicine in the treatment of acute pseudogoutNongonococcal bacterial septic arthritisCervical radiculomyelopathy caused by deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the ligamenta flavaUltra-Microcrystals in Pyrophosphate ArthropathyCrystal deposition diseases of the jointsSynovial FluidA Method for Measuring Swelling of Hands and Feet: Part II Influence of New Anti-inflammatory Drug, Indomethacin, in Acute GoutCrystal Deposition Disease and the Soft TissuesClearance of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in vivoRheumatic syndromes in endocrine diseaseClearance of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in vivoIdentification of hydroxyapatite crystals in synovial fluidClinical Utilization of Alkaline Phosphatase MeasurementsShort-Term Drug Control of Crystal-Induced InflammationPseudogout (Chondrocalcinosis)Pyrophosphate ArthropathySerum and Synovial Fluid Hydroxyproline Fractions In Microcrystalline Arthritis And OsteoarthritisMechanisms of cellular interaction with monosodium urate crystals. igg-dependent and igg-independent platelet stimulation by urate crystalsThe Rheumatologic Manifestations of Diabetes MellitusParathyroid Physiology and Primary HyperparathyroidismTenosynovial custs and pseudogoutArthritis Associated with Apatite CrystalsH. RALPH SCHUMACHER, M.D., F.A.C.P., ANDREW P. SMOLYO, M.D., ROSE L. TSE, M.D., KENNETH MAURER, M.D.Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease: Nomenclature and Diagnostic CriteriaDANIEL J. MCCARTY, M.D.Growth and Development of Rheumatology in the United States—A Bicentennial ReportMONOCRYSTALLINE CALCIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE DIHYDRATE IN DESTRUCTIVE ARTHROPATHIES OF CHONDROCALCINOSISCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition Disease (Pseudogout Syndrome) — Clinical AspectsPathogenesis of Crystal-Induced SynovitisHyperuricemia and GoutDifferential Diagnosis of Rheumatic Disease in the Elderly†The identification of particulate matter in biological tissues and fluidsCrystal induced inflammation and osteoarthritisChondrocalcinosis and haemophiliaHereditary Diffuse Articular Chondrocalcinosis: Dominant Manifestation without Close Linkage with the HLA System in a Large PedigreeRheumatic disorders associated with diabetes mellitus: Literature reviewPyrophosphate-induced inflammation: An in vivo study of the interrelationship of intracellular cyclic AMP and cyclic GMPCalcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease—1975Pseudogout: Clinical observations and chemical analyses of depositsRoentgenographic aspects of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (pseudogout)Clinical studies of acute pseudogout attacks. Comments on prevalence, predispositions, and treatmentNatural course of articular chondrocalcinosisArticular chondrocalcinosis in the chiloe islandersProtein adsorption to monosodium urate, calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, and silica crystals. Relationship to the pathogenesis of crystal-induced inflammationPyrophosphate release by osteoarthritis cartilage incubatesAPATITE DEPOSITION DISEASECrystal shedding and acute pseudogout. An hypothesis based on a therapeutic failureHemarthrosis associated with sodium warfarin therapyAllgemeine Radiologie und Morphologie der KnochenkrankheitenAn ultrastructural study of the articular cartilage in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease (Chondrocalcinosis Articularis)An overview of cellular and molecular mechanisms in crystal-induced inflammationWrist arthropathy in calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition diseaseAbnormalities of the musculoskeletal system in hemodialysis patientsThe Arthritis of Hyperparathyroidism, Haemochromatosis and Wilson's DiseaseCalcium pyrophosphate-induced pleurisy in rats: A new model of acute inflammationChondrocalcinosis in elderly personsPseudogout in acute neuropathic arthropathy. A clue to pathogenesis?Compensated polarized light microscopy using cellophane adhesive tapeDiseases associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal depositionA hereditary type of idiopathic articular chondrocalcinosisThe etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis: A reviewOchronotic arthropathy with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition a light and electron microscopic studyPseudogoutCalcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Crystal Deposition in Neuropathic Joints Four Cases of Polyarticular InvolvementSERGIO JACOBELLI, M.D., DANIEL J. McCARTY, M.D., F.A.C.P., DONALD C. SILCOX, M.D., JAY C. MALL, M.D.Serum parathyroid hormone levels in patients with calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (chondrocalcinosis, pseudogout)Mechanisms of the Crystal Deposition Diseases-Gout and PseudogoutDANIEL J. MCCARTY JR., M.D.Articular chondrocalcinosis microanalysis of pyrophosphate (ppi) in synovial fluid and plasmaPSEUDOGOUT AFTER PARATHYROIDECTOMYLettersMorphological study of articular cartilage in pyrophosphate arthropathy. (Chondrocalcinosis articularis or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition diseases).Septic arthritis, gout, pseudogout and osteoarthritis in the knee of a patient with multiple myelomaPseudogoutChronic Synovitis as a Manifestation of Calcium Crystal Deposition DiseaseÜbriges BeckenGout: Some Clinical ObservationsSixty Years Ago: The Load of the Infantry SoldierPyrophosphate Synovitis: Crystal Synovitis Caused by Calcium Pyrophosphatedihydrate (Cppl) as a Diagnostic Problem in Orthopedic PatientsPseudogout with Low Values of Alkaline Phosphatase in the Synovial FluidMICHAEL YARON, M.D., P. ZURKOWSKI, M.SC., H. I. WEISER, M.D., I. YUST, M.D., A. GOLDSCHMIED, M.D., E. HERMANN, M.D.Iron induced arthritis in immature rabbitsLIKE GOUTINORGANIC PYROPHOSPHATE IN PLASMA, URINE, AND SYNOVIAL FLUID OF PATIENTS WITH PYROPHOSPHATE ARTHROPATHY (CHONDROCALCINOSIS OR PSEUDOGOUT)Hypophosphatasia associated with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposits in cartilagePolyarticular and familial chondrocalcinosisOn the crystal deposition diseasesCALCIUM PYROPHOSPHATE CRYSTAL SYNOVITIS WITH ARTICULAR CHONDROCALCINOSIS (“PSEUDOGOUT” SYNDROME)Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Salt forms and the Influence of PhosphocitrateRheumatologic DiseasesMinerals and human healthMinerals and human healthIdentification of collagen in synovial fluidPhysiologic and Biochemical Basis for the Treatment of Gout and HyperuricemiaRecurrent hemarthrosis after prosthetic knee arthroplasty: Identification of metal particles in the synovial fluidMicroscopic studies on crystals in skeletal muscle from two cases of xanthinuriaCrystal-induced inflammation associated with chronic renal failure treated with periodic hemodialysisPolymorphonuclear leukocyte motility in vitro. II. Stimulatory effect of monosodium urate crystals and urate in solution; partial inhibition by golchicine and indomethacinPseudogoutSome Relationships among Hemostasis, Fibrinolytic Phenomena, Immunity, and the Inflammatory ResponseTHE DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF SYNOVIAL FLUID ANALYSISInvestigation of Joint Fluids [ Abridged ]MICROCRYSTALLINE CONJUNCTIVAL CALCIFICATION IN RENAL FAILUREThe synovitis of pseudogout: electron microscopic observationsLaboratory Studies in the Diagnosis of Rheumatoid ArthritisÜber die Abgrenzung der hereditären Chondrocalcinosis articularis von anderen entzündlichen GelenkerkrankungenChondrocalcinosis and chondrocalsynovitis (pseudogout syndrome)Chondrocalcinosis of the Knee with Gout and Rheumatoid ArthritisThe Varying Picture in GoutAcute arthritisThe presence of a kinin in inflammatory synovial effusion from arthritides of varying etiologiesArticular cartilage biopsyRheumatic Diseases TodayCHARLES L. CHRISTIAN, M.D.ChondrocalcinosisGout and Cartilaginous CalcificationThe Clinical Significance of Deoxyribonucleic Acid Particles in Synovial FluidTHOMAS J. PEKIN JR., M.D., THEODORE I. MALININ, M.D., NATHAN J. ZVAIFLER, M.D.Recurrent acute inflammation associated with focal apatite crystal depositionGout Associated with Calcification of CartilageExamination of Synovial Fluid as a Diagnostic Aid in ArthritisUric Acid, Gout, and the KidneyAn experimental model of acute inflammation in manFactors Inhibiting the Excretion of Uric AcidHeredit�re Chondrocalcinosis ArticularisSekundäre Gicht bei NiereninsuffizienzAsymptomatic ChondrocalcinosisUnusual Bone and Lung Changes in a case of Gaucher's DiseaseRecent Advances in Study of Uric Acid Metabolism and GoutArthritis in Older PersonsPrevalence of Calcified Meniscal Cartilage in Elderly PersonsStudies on the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Joint Inflammation I. The "R.A. Cell" and a Working HypothesisJOSEPH LEE HOLLANDER, M.D., F.A.C.P., DANIEL J. MCCARTY JR., M.D., F.A.C.P., GONZALO ASTORGA, M.D., EDUARDO CASTRO-MURILLO, M.D.Surgery of Tophaceous Gout in the Lower ExtremityGoutSelected Aspects of GoutSynovial Fluid Evaluation in Joint DiseasePitfalls in the Diagnosis of GoutRheumatism and Arthritis Review of American and English Literature of Recent Years (Sixteenth Rheumatism Review)CHARLEY J. SMYTH, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROGER L. BLACK, M.D., CHARLES CHRISTIAN, M.D., MACK L. CLAYTON, M.D., F.A.C.S., DONALD F. HILL, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOSEPH LEE HOLLANDER, M.D., F.A.C.P., WILLIAM M. MIKKELSEN, M.D., F.A.C.P., MAX M. MONTGOMERY, M.D., F.A.C.P., CARL M. PEARSON, M.D., F.A.C.P., HUGH A. SMYTHE, M.D., F.R.C.P. (C), L. EMMERSON WARD, M.D., F.A.C.P., HOWARD J. WEINBERGER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Inflammatory reaction after intrasynovial injection of microcrystalline adrenocorticosteroid estersRecurrent acute (?gouty) arthritis in chronic renal failure treated with periodic hemodialysisCholesterol Crystals in Synovial FluidJACK ZUCKNER, M.D., JAMAL UDDIN, M.D., GEORGE E. GANTNER JR., M.D., ROBERT W. DORNER, PH.D.Identification of Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate Dihydrate Crystals in Human FibrocartilageA Method for Measuring Swelling of Hands and Feet Part II: Influence of New Anti-Inflammatory Drug, Indomethacin, in Acute GoutACUTE GOUT—UNSOLVEDMedical genetics 1962Biochemistry of Uric Acid and Its Relation to GoutCurrent Concepts of Gout and Its TreatmentThe old and new concepts of acute gouty arthritisThe Significance of Calcium Phosphate Crystals in the Synovial Fluid of Arthritic Patients: The "Pseudogout Syndrome" II. Identification of CrystalsNORMAN N. KOHN, M.D., ROBERT E. HUGHES, PH.D., DANIEL J. MCCARTY JR., M.D., JAMES S. FAIRES, M.D. 1 May 1962Volume 56, Issue 5_Part_1Page: 711-737KeywordsArthritisCalciumHospital medicineMetabolic disordersParticulatesPhosphatesResearch grantsSoft tissuesSynovial fluidUric acid Issue Published: 1 May 1962 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright ©, 1962, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...