tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Findings in Yogis
Authors: Albert Salisbury Hyman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  May I add a footnote to the report on the cardiovascular findings in the group of 43 Yogis (JAMA179:54 [March 10] 1962). Here, in New York City, there are many Yogi enthusiasts among the undergraduate students, always eager to espouse any bizarre trend or cult. Practitioners should be aware that some of these juvenile Yogi entrepreneurs may be able to accomplish amazing tricks with their pulse rate and blood pressure. I believe that I made the first scientific study of the ability to stop the pulse at will (Voluntary Pulse Control,Amer Heart J2:188, 1926). At that time I showed by simultaneous registration of the ECG and pulsations from the carotid and radial arteries that no change occurred in the carotid pulsations or ECG's but that it was true that no pulsations could be noted at the wrist when a trained Yogi subject
Rapid clearance of transplanted hepatocytes from pulmonary capillaries in rats indicates a wide safety margin of liver repopulation and the potential of using surrogate albumin particles for safety analysis
Authors: Pankaj Rajvanshi, Alfredo Fabrega, Kuldeep K Bhargava, Andrew Kerr, Raymond Pollak, Jacqueline Blanchard, Christopher J Palestro, Sanjeev Gupta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
The cell population of the upper jejunal mucosa in tropical sprue and postinfective malabsorption
Authors: R. D. Montgomery, A. C. I. Shearer
Journal: Gut (1974)

The cell population of the upper jejunal mucosa has been studied in cases of tropical sprue from the Far East and Middle East, and in similar cases arising in western Europe (;post-infective malabsorption'), and compared with cases of untreated coeliac disease and patients without small bowel disease.Infiltration of the epithelial layer of the upper jejunal mucosa by lymphocytes was found in tropical sprue to the same extent as in coeliac disease, and, to a lesser extent, in ;postinfective malabsorption'.In the lamina propria, in all forms of acute sprue there was an increased density of lymphocytes. With increasing duration and with increasing mucosal atrophy, the lymphocytes were progressively replaced by plasma cells, and the cellular infiltration in chronic sprue was indistinguishable from that of coeliac disease.The findings suggest that a humoral antibody response is a feature of sprue, and becomes more prominent as the condition becomes chronic.
Cell Surface Nucleolin Serves as Receptor for DNA Nanoparticles Composed of Pegylated Polylysine and DNA
Authors: Xuguang Chen, Dianne M Kube, Mark J Cooper, Pamela B Davis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Compacted DNA nanoparticles deliver transgenes efficiently to the lung following intrapulmonary dosing. Here we show that nucleolin, a protein known to shuttle between the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell surface, is a receptor for DNA nanoparticles at the cell surface. By using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we demonstrate that nucleolin binds to DNA nanoparticles directly. The presence of nucleolin on the surface of HeLa and 16HBEo- cells was confirmed by surface biotinylation assay and immunofluorescence. Rhodamine-labeled DNA nanoparticles colocalize with nucleolin on the cell surface, as well as in the cytoplasm and nucleus, but not with transferrin or markers of early endosome or lysosome following cellular uptake. Reducing nucleolin on the cell surface by serum-free medium or siRNA against nucleolin treatment leads to significant reduction in luciferase reporter gene activity, while overexpressing nucleolin has the opposite effect. Competition for binding to DNA nanoparticles with exogenous purified nucleolin decreases the transfection efficiency by 60-90% in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the data strongly suggest that cell surface nucleolin serves as a receptor for DNA nanoparticles, and that nucleolin is essential for internalization and/or transport of the nanoparticles from cell surface to the nucleus.
Spontaneous Alteration of Idiotype in a Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Mark Raffeld, Leonard Neckers, Dan L. Longo, Jeffrey Cossman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The surface immunoglobulin of B-cell neoplasms provides a specific point of attack for potential antibody therapy. The capacity of anti-idiotype antibody to home to the target neoplasm requires that the idiotype be unique and that it be expressed by every cell in the neoplastic clone. We describe the evolution of an altered idiotype in a follicular lymphoma that resulted in escape from laboratory detection by monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody. This was not due to the emergence of a second (biclonal) lymphoma, since all the neoplastic cells were otherwise identical both phenotypically and genotypically, as determined by flow cytometry and genomic DNA (Southern blot) hybridization, respectively. All cells expressed the same B-cell immunotype and bore a constant amount of IgMk. The demonstration of a single configuration of immunoglobulin-gene DNA confirmed monoclonality and established that the change in idiotype was not a result of new gene rearrangements but was more likely due to somatic mutation of the variable region--a process presumed to occur naturally in B cells. These data demonstrate the lability of idiotype expression and define a mechanism by which B-cell neoplasms may become unresponsive to anti-idiotype therapy.
Corticosteroid Therapy
Authors: David H. P. Streeten
Journal: JAMA (1975)

SINCE cortisone and corticotropin first became available more than 25 years ago, these agents, and particularly the newer synthetic corticosteroids, have established an important place for themselves in the therapy of a wide variety of disorders falling within the purview of virtually every branch of medical practice. Surprisingly, however, there is still uncertainty about the role of steroid therapy in several specific disease states. There are also some important recent advances of a practical nature that make it worthwhile to review the modern use of steroid therapy in clinical practice. <h3>PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES</h3> Corticosteroids have widely differing actions on the tissues and fluids of the body, and many of their effects may be considered therapeutically valuable in one patient and unwarranted side effects in another. Thus, the effect of raising blood glucose levels may be an important reason for using a glucocorticoid in a patient with adrenal insufficiency or, temporarily, in
THE TEETH OF OUR SCHOOL CHILDREN; WHAT CAN BE DONE TO SAVE THEM?Read in the Section on Dental and Oral Surgery, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association held at San Franciso, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: J. C. McCOY
Journal: JAMA (1894)

No doubt this question has been asked by every intelligent practitioner, as day by day he looks into the oral cavities of Young America, seeing there the almost universal dissolution of the masticatory organs. Those who live in small cities or towns and practice for all classes of society, have a better opportunity to know the condition of the teeth of the masses than does our city brother with his aristocratic patients. A large majority of the people can not pay for skilful operations, and their teeth must be saved in an inexpensive manner or be gradually lost before middle age, to be replaced by miserably fitting rubber dentures, with the accompanying shrunken alveola and uvula-like appendages called gums, condemned to worry through the remainder of their earthly existence feeling that nature did a poor job on their masticatory organs, or they would have lasted till old age, irrespective of
Prescribing of Tetracycline to Children
Authors: Richard J. Duma
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the paper by Ray, Federspiel, and Schaffner and the editorial by Yeager (237:2101, 1977). I shall not attempt to defend the antibiotic-prescribing habits (as regards tetracycline) of practicing physicians in Tennessee; however, there is one situation that frequently arises that may require the use of tetracycline and to which neither Ray et al nor Yeager addressed themselves: namely, suspected Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). In our part of the country, RMSF accounts for considerable morbidity and mortality. The same can be said of much of the southeastern part of the United States, including Tennessee where Ray et al conducted their survey. Generally, RMSF appears variably from March through September, or over a seven-month span. During this time, it is not unusual for many children to be brought to practitioners with a history of one or two days of headache, fever, muscle aches, and
Electroencephalograms in Neuropsychiatric Disorders among Soldiers
Authors: Milton H. Kibbe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

IT WAS not until the latter months of 1943 and early 1944 that the Army made any extensive use of the electroencephalograph. By the middle of 1945 thirty-five brain-wave machines had been installed in different Army general hospitals throughout the United States. Six electroencephalographs were in use in overseas hospitals, and one overseas unit was completely mobile so that it could be taken to combat echelons for early study of cerebral injuries resulting from blast. The electroencephalograph adopted by the Army was the Grass machine of four or six channel type.1 Although the Army was late in developing adequate electroencephalographic . . .
Disease of the Sinoatrial Node Associated with Bradycardia, Asystole, Syncope, and Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: R. I. BIRCHFIELD, E. E. MENEFEE, G. D. N. BRYANT
Journal: Circulation (1957)

Disease of the sinoatrial node due to coronary arteriosclerosis is rare. An unusual combination of arrhythmias attributed to disease of the sinus node and the effects of various pharmacologic agents, especially atropine, are described and discussed.
Critical role for the chemokine receptor CXCR6 in NK cell–mediated antigen-specific memory of haptens and viruses
Authors: Silke Paust, Harvinder S Gill, Bao-Zhong Wang, Michael P Flynn, E Ashley Moseman, Balimkiz Senman, Marian Szczepanik, Amalio Telenti, Philip W Askenase, Richard W Compans, Ulrich H von Andrian
Journal: Nature Immunology (2010)
Monitoring of experimental arthritis in rabbits.
Authors: N C Phillips, D P Page-Thomas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

The effect of ambient temperature and air flow on the radiometric measurement of experimental arthritis in rabbit knee joints has been studied. Temperature changes due to inflammation in such joints could be detected up to 70 days after induction of the arthritis by the use of radiometry. The method has been used to quantitate the anti-inflammatory activity of intra-articularly injected cortisol acetate and orally administered aspirin. It is suggested that this method of noninvasive monitoring has a number of advantages over other procedures.
REMARKS ON THE VALUE OF BUTYN AS A LOCAL ANAESTHETIC
Authors: W. M. Beaumont
Journal: BMJ (1923)

IY=DI JAL 57 require treatment by such measures as PlombieLe3.colon irligations, or an autogenous vaccine prepared from the streptococci found in the teetlh and intestine.Prophylaxis.The early recognition of dental sepsis and its appropriate treatment would be one of tlhe most important factors in greatly improving the health of the nation.
Book Review Rheumatic Fever and Streptococcal Infection: Unraveling the mysteries of a dread disease By Benedict F. Massell. 394 pp. Distributed by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., for the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, Boston, 1997. $24.95. 0-674-76877-9
Authors: L. George Veasy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)
The Coronary Care Unit
Authors: Roland W. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Having recently evaluated a community hospital intensive care unit (ICU), we found the articles by Langhorne (<b>201</b>:662, 1967) and Parker and Hodge (<b>201</b>:702, 1967) of special interest. We would heartily agree with the opinion of Dr. Langhorne that good results can be expected from community hospital coronary care units with a staff of motivated physicians and nurses. An earlier report by Dolbee and LeFevre<sup>2</sup>showed that such units could be successful even in 35- and 177-bed community hospitals. Sharon Hospital has 98 beds; the ICU experience over the past 12 months includes four discharged patients who received counter-shock for ventricular fibrillation—one was defibrillated over 40 times and was also treated by transvenous electrode for ventricular asystole ( antiarrhythmic drugs have been used in accordance with current concepts of coronary care).<sup>3</sup> Although most reports deal only with the coronary care unit (CCU) we feel that
LONG-TERM TREATMENT OF GRAVES' HYPERTHYROIDISM WITH IPODATE
Authors: H. W. Huang, D. C. Shen, L. R. Shian, C. Y. Jeng, T. Y. Bian, I. J. Chopra, D. H. Solomon, S. Y. Wu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

We have previously reported that ipodate (1g, q.d.) compares favorably to PTU (200 mg, t.i.d.) in the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroid patients in 3-wk therapy (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 54:630, 1982). This report presents the results of five newly diagnosed Graves' hyperthyroid patients who were given 500 mg ipodate daily for 23 to 35 wks. Mean baseline serum T3, T4 and rT3 were 780 ng/dl, 25.4 ug/d1 and 118 ng/dl, respectively. One day after the first dose of ipodate, serum T3 decreased by 62% (P<0.005) and stayed within the normal range throughout the treatment. The serum T4 concentration decreased by 20% (P=0.09) at 24 h, 35% at 3 d(P<0.02) and 54% (P<0.005) at 21 d. Subsequently serum T4 was 41–65% lower than baseline throughout the study; it was within the normal range in four patients from 10 wks of treatment on. Serum rT3 increased at 24 h following the first dose of ipodate (118% above baseline, P<0.05 and remained elevated (97–109%) for 10 wks and then gradually decreased to baseline level. A significant decrease of resting pulse rate and marked gain in body weight (11±2.4 1b) were observed in all patients. Following the discontinuation of ipodate, thyroid radioiodine uptake in four patients was not different from baseline value: baseline, 74 ±6%; 7 d 66±8%; 14 d 71±7%; 28 d 69±7%. The fifth patient's RAI uptake Fell to 12–16% (vs. baseline value of 48%) from 7–28 d after the end of a 26-wk course of ipodate. In conclusion: (1) long term use (for 23–35 wks) of ipodate for the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism is clinically feasible; and (2) RAI uptake returns to baseline level as early as 7 d following the discontinuation of ipodate.
Hippocampal Volume Reduction in Major Depression
Authors: J. Douglas Bremner, Meena Narayan, Eric R. Anderson, Lawrence H. Staib, Helen L. Miller, Dennis S. Charney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

Elevated levels of glucocorticoids in depression have been hypothesized to be associated with damage to the hippocampus, a brain area involved in learning and memory. The purpose of this study was to measure hippocampal volume in patients with depression.Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the volume of the hippocampus in 16 patients with major depression in remission and 16 case-matched nondepressed comparison subjects.Patients with depression had a statistically significant 19% smaller left hippocampal volume than comparison subjects, without smaller volumes of comparison regions (amygdala, caudate, frontal lobe, and temporal lobe) or whole brain volume. The findings were significant after brain size, alcohol exposure, age, and education were controlled for.These findings are consistent with smaller left hippocampal volume in depression.
Abortion Mortality Trends-Reply
Authors: Janet E. Gans
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The report of the American Medical Association (AMA) Council on Scientific Affairs was written in response to a resolution passed at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the AMA House of Delegates requesting "... an objective study of available data on the mortality and morbidity associated with illegally induced abortions prior to the U.S. Supreme Court's<i>Roe v Wade</i>decision [compared] with the mortality and morbidity incurred by abortions performed today." The report examines documented trends in the mortality and morbidity of women, not the moral or ethical issues associated with induced abortion. A topic raised in the report was the possible health consequences for women, based on a review of scientific data, which may be associated with greater restrictions on the procedure. The Council paid close attention to the quality of data included in the report, identifying and discussing sources of bias in specific data sets. The issues raised
A Different Drummer
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Hemoglobinuria, occurring—albeit infrequently—after a long march or run, was originally attributed to exertion and thus labeled "exertional." Later, when it was observed that the exertion always entailed prolonged locomotion, this syndrome was renamed "march hemoglobinuria." Only after Davidson<sup>1</sup>had provided convincing evidence that trauma to the capillary bed of the soles was responsible for the fragmentation of erythrocytes, did the traumatic nature of this pigmenturia become apparent. The traumatic etiology became even more obvious when Streeton<sup>2</sup>reported a variant of "march" hemoglobinuria occurring not after marching, but after karate exercises. The trauma was brought about not by the impact of the sole but by that of the fist and ulnar aspect of the hand on concrete and wooden surfaces. Just as in the case of the stomping marcher, it could be prevented by the interposition of foam rubber at the areas of impact. Another variant of "traumatic"—the term
Marked hypodiploidy in a case of acute undifferentiated leukemia
Authors: Ronald Como, Gregory Sarna, Robert S. Sparkes
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1979)

Abstract A 29‐year‐old white man with acute undifferentiated leukemia had bone marrow cells with predominantly 42 chromosomes including several rearrangements. Following a brief induced “complete” remission, during which normal chromosomes were observed, bone marrow cells with 42 chromosomes but a different karyotype than before remission were found. Evaluation of that karyotype indicates not only a reduced chromosome count but also a reduced quantity of chromosome material.
Managing MicroRNAs with Vector-Encoded Decoy-Type Inhibitors
Authors: Rasmus O Bak, Anne Kruse Hollensen, Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2013)

A rapidly growing understanding of the complex circuitry of microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene regulation is attracting attention to miRNAs as new drug targets. Targeted miRNA suppression is achieved in a sequence-specific manner by antisense RNA "decoy" molecules. Such synthetic miRNA inhibitors have reached the clinic with remarkable pace and may soon appear as new therapeutic modalities in several diseases. Shortcomings, however, include high production costs, the requirement for repeated administration, and difficulty achieving tissue-specific delivery. With the many recent landmark achievements in clinical gene therapy, new and refined vector-encoded miRNA suppression technologies are attractive for many applications, not least as tools in innumerable daily studies of miRNA biology in laboratories worldwide. Here, we provide an overview of the strategies that have been used to adapt vector-encoded inhibitors for miRNA suppression and discuss advantages related to spatiotemporal and long-term miRNA attenuation. With the remarkable new discovery of miRNA management by naturally occurring circular RNAs, RNA circles generated by trans-splicing mechanisms may prove to be well-suited carriers of decoy-type miRNA inhibitors. The community will aspire to combine circles with high-affinity miRNA decoy methodologies, and such "vectorized" RNA circles may represent new solid ways to deliver miRNA inhibitors, perhaps even with therapeutic applications.
Graduated Patient Responsibility
Authors: William J. Grace
Journal: JAMA (1975)

GRADUATED Patient Responsibility is supervised patient care in the setting of medical education. It is based on the premise that the vast majority of medical students and house staff are responsible individuals who are fully cognizant of the importance of their work. How, then, does one take a responsible person in a "learning" situation and allow him to assume patient care commensurate with the level of his achievement and medical competence? Can this be done and supervised in such a way as to assure growth and progress of the student? How do we protect the patient from inexperience? If Graduated Patient Responsibility is to function for the benefit of all, appropriate supervision must prevail at all levels. The "student" of medicine, be he clerk, intern, or resident, must not be permitted to flounder about in a sea of confusion, uncertainty, and misdirection. He cannot be left to "work it out
Serum Sclerostin Levels are Associated with Both Arteriovenous Fistula Calcification and Arteriovenous Fistula Survival in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kevser G Balcı, Aysel Türkvatan, Alper Kırkpantur, Mustafa M Balcı, Uğur Arslan, Okan Er, Sadık K. Açıkgöz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Examining childhood development in contaminated urban settings.
Authors: E A Guillette
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Normal childhood development and growth is affected by such factors as genetics, nutrition, and multiple familial and social factors. In large urban settings, children are constantly exposed to varying amounts of assorted toxic chemicals both inside and outside the home. Many of these contaminants are suspected to be associated with developmental alterations. The heterogeneity of risk factors in urban populations poses a challenging situation for research. Change must be made in the manner in which developmental toxicological research is undertaken. Plans should be made for immediate data collection after a large-scale exposure to prevent the loss of valuable information. Retrospective studies would benefit from applying rapid assessment techniques to identify high- and low-risk children. In all cases, the development of research design and investigative format needs to reflect the strengths of both social factors and scientific facts. Cross-disciplinary approaches, using physicians and physical and social scientists and incorporating community knowledge, are required for the evaluation of children in urban settings, with each discipline contributing to theory and methodology.
Nitric Oxide and Sepsis-Reply
Authors: Robert L. Danner
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The criticisms of Drs Szabo and Kilbourn are directed at studies indicating that NOS inhibitors are potentially harmful. They suggest that these investigations should be disregarded on the basis of various hypotheses: the dose of endotoxin was too high; the wrong sepsis model was used; the wrong NOS inhibitor was chosen; the NOS inhibitor was not administered at the right time or in the correct manner; the adverse effects were disease related and not due to NOS inhibition; or, finally, other agents were not given to reverse the untoward effects of NOS inhibition. Like the many other endogenous mediators of septic shock, nitric oxide has potential both to protect and to harm the host. Our review describes this dual nature and reflects our belief in scientific discourse founded on consideration of all results. Historically, such an approach has proven to be effective in incorporating new agents into clinical practice and
The aggregation of pig articular chondrocyte and synthesis of extracellular matrix by a lactose-modified chitosan
Authors: I. Donati, S. Stredanska, G. Silvestrini, A. Vetere, P. Marcon, E. Marsich, P. Mozetic, A. Gamini, S. Paoletti, F. Vittur
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)