tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OCULAR SYMPTOMS OF NASAL ORIGIN.
Authors: O. A. GRIFFIN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Although the symptomatology of pathologic conditions of the nose and accessory cavities has long been appreciated, more or less, by workers in this field of activity, not until recent years has the ophthalmologist and rhinologist alike recognized the fact that many ocular symptoms, which formerly were regarded, and unsuccessfully treated, as local disorders of the eyes, are frequently produced by inflammatory conditions within the nasal passages or accessory sinuses. Inasmuch as these regions are a<i>terra incognita</i>to many members of the profession, and a knowledge of the anatomy is essential to an understanding of the subject, it may not prove amiss to preface this discussion with a few illustrations which will serve more effectually to explain the underlying anatomic relationship of these structures and the pathologic conditions which occasion the ocular symptoms. Figure 1 presents a side aspect of the skull, which will recall the external configurations of the
Pathology and pathobiology of the actinic (solar) keratosis
Authors: C.J. Cockerell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Pathology and pathobiology of the actinic (solar) keratosis Get access C.J. Cockerell C.J. Cockerell Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, University of Texas South‐western Medical Center, Dallas, TX, U.S.A Dr Clay J. Cockerell, 2330 Butler Street, Suite 115, Dallas, Texas 75235, U.S.A. E‐mail: ccockerell@skincancer.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue s66, 1 November 2003, Pages 34–36, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0366-077X.2003.05625.x Published: 01 November 2003
How useful do parents find home peak flow monitoring for children with asthma?
Authors: B. W. Lloyd, M. H. Ali
Journal: BMJ (1992)

greater.Recent studies have indicated that mortality is increased in women with lower bone mineral density.2Thus, in our series of elderly women there may have been fewer women with low bone density because of early deaths.If so, this would lead to an underestimate of the effects of the drugs. VARIATIONS IN USEThe use of drugs affecting bone metabolism differed among countries, ranging from 3% to 20% in the communities studied (table II).The type of drug also varied, even after taking account of restrictions imposed by registration authorities.The greatest vari- ability in use between countries' was seen for calcitonin
Relationship of Preoperative Antiendotoxin Core Antibodies and Adverse Outcomes Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Elliott Bennett-Guerrero
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To test the hypothesis that low serum antiendotoxin core antibody (EndoCAb) level is an independent predictor of adverse outcome following cardiac surgery.Prospective, blinded, cohort study.Tertiary care medical center.A total of 301 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery and/or valvular heart surgery.Preoperative serum was assayed for IgM EndoCAb, IgG EndoCAb, total IgM, and total IgG levels. Known preoperative risk factors were assessed, and patients were assigned a risk score using a validated method.A major complication, defined as either in-hospital death or postoperative length of stay greater than 10 days.Overall, a major complication occurred in 34 patients (11.3%). Lower IgM EndoCAb level independently predicted (P=.002) increased risk of major complication over and above the effects of preoperative risk score (P=.02), total IgG level (P=.07), and all other known perioperative risk factors. In contrast, IgG Endo-CAb and total IgM concentrations did not predict outcome. No association existed between risk score and level of IgM EndoCAb.There is marked preoperative variability in humoral immunity against endotoxin core, which is not accounted for by differences in known preoperative risk factors. In this study, low levels of IgMEndoCAb were an important independent predictor of adverse postoperative outcome, which supports the theory that endotoxemia is a cause of postoperative morbidity.
Differentiation factor/leukemia inhibitory factor protection against lethal endotoxemia in mice: synergistic effect with interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor.
Authors: H R Alexander, G G Wong, G M Doherty, D J Venzon, D L Fraker, J A Norton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Differentiation factor (D factor), also called leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), is a glycoprotein that has been increasingly recognized to possess a wide range of physiological activities. We examined the possibility that the administration of D factor may confer beneficial effects and enhance host resistance against lethal endotoxemia. A single intravenous dose of recombinant human D factor completely protected C57/Bl6 mice from the lethal effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]). The protective effects were dose dependent and observed when administered 2-24 h before LPS. Previous work has shown that interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) also protect against a subsequent LPS challenge in a dose-dependent manner. When human D factor was combined with sub-protective doses of IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha, there was dramatic synergistic protection against a subsequent lethal LPS challenge.
Rapidly growing Epstein-Barr virus-associated pulmonary lymphoma after heart transplantation
Authors: M Schwend, M Tiemann, HH Kreipe, MR Parwaresch, EG Kraatz, G Herrmann, RP Spielmann, J Barth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

There is strong evidence to show an association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection with the development of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. We report the rapid development of a malignant lymphoma in a heart transplant recipient, which occurred within less than eight weeks. The diagnosis of this malignant high grade B-cell lymphoma was established by open lung biopsy, and classified as centroblastic lymphoma of polymorphic subtype. Immunohistochemically, the lymphoma showed reactivity with the B-cell markers L-26 (CD20) and Ki-B5 and with the activation marker Ber-H2 (CD30). Furthermore, an expression of the bcl-2 oncoprotein was detected. Monoclonal JH gene rearrangement was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), indicating monoclonal proliferation of B-blasts. Although serum EBV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were negative, the association to an EBV infection could be demonstrated by EBV immunostaining pattern which revealed an expression of the latent membrane protein (LMP) of EBV in the atypical blasts. The results give clear evidence of an EBV association of this rapidly growing lymphoma developed after heart transplantation.
PURPURA, URTICARIA AND ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA OF THE HANDS AND FEET IN A NURSING BABY
Authors: IRVING M. SNOW
Journal: JAMA (1913)

I wish to report a rare type of purpura and urticaria associated with angioneurotic edema of the hands and feet and other regions.  The patient was a boy, aged 6 months, strong and fat, nursed by a healthy mother.  First day:  On December 14 a dark, brawny swelling appeared, first in the left foot and then in the right foot. The child seemed ill and cried from pain in his feet. A few hours later a dark red edema involved the scrotum, and an erythema developed on the thighs and buttocks. The baby was given two doses of castor oil, 15 c.c. each, also an enema which caused a normal stool.  Second day:  In addition to the edema of the feet and genitals both eyes were closed by an effusion into the lids. The child was in continual misery from the tender ankles and refused to nurse. Fifteen c.c. of
Basal inotropic state in rats with renal hypertension: influence of coronary flow and perfusion pressure
Authors: K. SHIMAMATSU, F. M FOUAD-TARAZI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Cardiac performance in renal hypertensive animals has been variously reported as normal, increased, or decreased. Because of the many factors that can alter cardiac function in vivo ventricular contractility was investigated in isolated, paced, isovolumic heart preparations (modified Langendorff). Twenty one hypertensive rats (2 kidney, 1 clip Goldblatt) and 21 matched sham operated controls, were studied. Mean(SD) blood pressure and left ventricular weight were significantly higher in the study rats (228(5) vs 125(2) mmHg and 4.16(0.12) vs 2.35(0.04) mg X kg-1 respectively). In the first experiment performed at 50 mmHg perfusion pressure left ventricular +dP/dt and myocardial flow rate were lower in 12 study rats (mean(SD) 1782(79) vs 2270(105) mmHg X s-1, 5.8(0.4) vs 14.0(1.0) ml X g-1 LV weight X min-1, respectively) than in the controls. In a second experiment performed at 80 mmHg perfusion pressure (nine study hearts and seven controls) the increased myocardial flow rate resulted in a higher left ventricular +dP/dt in both groups, but the study hearts still had a lower mean(SD) myocardial flow rate than the controls (12.5(0.9) vs 19.8(2.2) ml X g-1 LV weight X min-1; the difference in left ventricular +dP/dt became non-significant (2646(186) vs 2951(136) mmHg X s-1). Similarly, at equal myocardial flow rates (study hearts at 80 mmHg perfusion pressure and controls at 50 mmHg perfusion pressure) ventricular performance was similar in the two groups (mean(SD) left ventricular +dP/dt 2270(105) in controls vs 2646(186) mmHg X s-1 in study hearts).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Urate-2-14C transport in the rat nephron
Authors: Ronald A. Kramp, William E. Lassiter, Carl W. Gottschalk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Intrarenal transport of urate-2-(14)C was studied in anesthetized rats using the microinjection technic. During saline diuresis, small volumes of urate-2-(14)C (0.24-0.48 mM) and inulin-(3)H were injected into surface proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and ureteral urine was collected serially. Total (74-96%) and direct (57-84%) urate recovery increased significantly the more distal the puncture site. Delayed recovery (+/-20%) remained approximately the same regardless of localization of the microinjection. After proximal injections, total and direct recoveries of urate-2-(14)C were significantly higher in rats treated with probenecid, pyrazinoate, or PAH than during saline diuresis alone, while the excretion rates were comparable after distal injection. Delayed recovery was not altered by drug administration. The decreased proximal reabsorption of urate is presumably due to an effect of the drugs on the luminal membrane of the nephron. For perfusion at high urate concentrations, nonradioactive urate was added to the injectate (0.89-1.78 mM). Urate-2-(14)C recovery was almost complete and there was no delayed excretion, demonstrating saturation kinetics. These findings are compatible with a carrier-mediated mechanism for urate transport probably located at the luminal border of the proximal tubular epithelium. No definitive evidence for urate secretion was found in these studies.
Assuring the Quality of Laboratory Tests
Authors: Gail R. Wilensky
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
STUDIES ON THE SENSITIZATION OF ANIMALS WITH SIMPLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Authors: Egon Macher, Merrill W. Chase
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

In light of knowledge of the rate and route of dispersal of allergenic chemicals from ear sites (0.25 microg of picryl chloride, or 2:4 dinitrochlorobenzene in 0.25 microg and 5.0 microg amounts), dispersal was interrupted at selected times by ear excision. The animals exposed in this manner to different, tiny amounts of allergen were tested for development of contact type hypersensitivity. Both of these allergenic chemicals left the local ear site in about three phases of successively lengthening "half-lives." In the first phase, the escape rate was high. The principal pathway of escape was not via the lymphatics but via the blood vessels. Ear excisions made at 24 hr after injection of 0.25 microg of picryl chloride (PCl) or at 12 hr after injection of 5.0 microg of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) essentially blocked onset of delayed type hypersensitivity, hence the first fraction to escape (80% of PCl, 98% of DNCB) was not used for sensitization. This large fraction serves rather to set up a state of specific tolerance, for these individuals showed extensive deficits in their ability to respond to a later sensitizing course. Also the ability to form hapten-specific antibody appeared nearly completely suppressed. Injections of allergen into the blood stream or directly in auricular nodes, in an amount approximating that which escaped early from the ear, also led to the same degrees of unresponsiveness-sometimes full, sometimes partial tolerance. The same types of specific tolerance were secured also by injecting subsensitizing doses into the ear, without excision, or into the flank and by contact tests applied to the flank. The allergen remaining in the ear after the early outflow, particularly between 12-24 hr and 3-4 days, appeared to constitute the sensitizing depot. The longer this depot was available to the animals the greater the immunological "information" for sensitization was picked up until the depot had served its full function around the 4th day. "Peripheral sensitization" was clearly demonstrable. The eventual degree of sensitivity attained by the animals was a resultant of two immunologic processes which occurred independently-tolerogenic effects of escaped chemical on the one hand and on the other the sensitizing effect of the local sensitizing depot of allergen bound in the ear tissue.
Two Burmese doctors held for political crimes
Authors: L Byrne
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Amnesty International is campaigning on behalf of two doctors imprisoned in Yangon, capital of former Burma. Ma Thida, 27, and Aung Khin Sint, 59, were sentenced last year to 20 years each in prison for crimes against the ruling military government. Dr Thida, who is held in solitary confinement, and Dr Aung Khin Sint, who has been subjected to periods of forced labour, are being held in Insein prison, renowned for its harsh conditions.

In February, United States congressman William Richardson visited Dr Thida, and she told him that she was …
Seminal Plasma Cytokines and Chemokines in Prostate Inflammation: Interleukin 8 as a Predictive Biomarker in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Giuseppe Penna, Nicola Mondaini, Susana Amuchastegui, Selene Degli Innocenti, Marco Carini, Gianluca Giubilei, Benedetta Fibbi, Enrico Colli, Mario Maggi, Luciano Adorini
Journal: European Urology (2006)
US prescription drug sales boosted by advertising
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Direct advertising of drugs to consumers has caused retail spending on prescriptions to soar, the National Institute for Health Care Management, an independent, non-profit making research and educational foundation based in Washington, has found.

Last year pharmaceutical companies spent $1.8bn (£1.3bn) on “direct to consumer” advertising, mostly on television. Advertising expenditure in 1999 rose by 38.5% from the $1.3bn spent in 1998, and …
Close interactions between “When” and “Where” in saccade target selection: Multiple saliency and distractor effects
Authors: Christian Olivers, Dietmar Heinke, Glyn Humphreys, Hermann M&uuml;ller
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

A model of when and where saccades are made necessarily incorporates a model of the “When” and “Where” of target selection. We suggest that the framework proposed by Findlay &amp; Walker does not specify sufficiently how (and by what means) selection processes contribute to the spatial and temporal determinants of saccade generation. Examples from across-trial priming in visual search and from the inhibition of temporally segmented distractors show linkage between the processes involved in computing when and where selection operates, so that there is cooperation rather than competition between so-called Where and When pathways. Aspects of spatial selection may also determine the remote distractor effect on saccades. The detailed relations between the processes involved in selection and saccade generation may be best understood in relation to detailed computational accounts of the processes.
Book Review Infectious Diseases Library CD-ROM with manual. Version 2.0. By Gerald L. Mandell. System needed: Multimedia IBM PC or compatible computer with 4 MB of RAM. (Also available for Macintosh Systems 7.0 or higher with 4 MB of RAM.) New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1997. $395. 0-443-07931-5
Authors: Daniel Mimouni, Eytan Z. Blumenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)
Mutations of p53 Gene in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Roles of Hepatitis B Virus and Aflatoxin Contamination in the Diet
Authors: C. C. Hsia, D. E. Kleiner, C. A. Axiotis, A. D. Bisceglie, A. M. Y. Nomura, G. N. Stemmermann, E. Tabor
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Background : Mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been reported in 50% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from China and South Africa. These reports suggested an association of p53 mutations with high levels of aflatoxin in the diet. Most studies of p53 and HCC, however, have not fully evaluated the possible role of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Aflatoxin is a substance produced by food mold that is known to cause HCC in experimental animals. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of p53 gene mutation to high or low levels of aflatoxin in the diet and to HBV infection. Methods : p53 protein and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase system in paraffin-embedded specimens of HCC and of adjacent nontumorous liver tissue from 43 patients. Tissue specimens from three normal human livers were also evaluated. HCCs and adjacent nontumorous liver tissues were obtained from 23 patients from Qidong, China, where aflatoxin levels in the diet are high, and from 20 patients from two regions in the United States (patients from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., and Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii), where aflatoxin levels in the diet are low. Results : Mutant p53 protein was detected in the nuclei of HCCs from 14 (61%) of 23 patients from China and from three (30%) of 10 patients and six (60%) of 10 patients, respectively, from the two regions of the United States. A statistically significant association between detection of mutant p53 protein in HCC cells and the detection of HBsAg in hepatocytes of the adjacent non-tumorous liver tissue was observed in patients from China and the United States considered together. Conclusion : Mutations of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in hepatocellular carcinomas are not limited to patients from geographic regions where the ingestion of aflatoxin is high. In many patients, these mutations may be associated with HBV infection. Implications : The possible interaction of chronic HBV infection and p53 gene mutation, suggested by these data, indicates a mechanism by which HBV infection beginning early in life could contribute to the subsequent development of HCC. [J Natl Cancer Inst 84: 1638–1641, 1992]
Target: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1990)

LOCAL LIQUOR merchants will soon be dispensing advice about disease prevention along with pints of vodka if a pilot intervention program just started by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Ga, proves effective. Seeking to make serious cuts in the ever-rising incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the nation's inner cities, the CDC is "reorienting its prevention and treatment programs in a major way," according to Willard Cates, Jr, MD, director of the agency's Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. One aspect of the proposed multifaceted approach involves community demonstration projects that have been devised by Kevin O'Reilly, PhD, and CDC colleagues to stop transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These are one of four large groups of projects the group handles. "If these interventions work," says Cates, "that will not only help reduce HIV transmission, but they'll have spin-off effects in showing how we can also reduce
PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL OF THE EFFECTS OF THREE MODERN ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPIES ON CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS (AIDS CLINICAL TRIALS GROUP STUDY A5260S)
Authors: James H. Stein, Howard Hodis, Todd Brown, Heather J. Ribaudo, Thuy Tien T. Tran, Mingzhu Yan, Elizabeth Lauer-Brodell, Grace McComsey, Michael P. Dube, Robert L. Murphy, Judith Currier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
One synchronous wave of B cell development in mouse fetal liver changes at day 16 of gestation from dependence to independence of a stromal cell environment.
Authors: A Strasser, A Rolink, F Melchers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Precursor cells of the B lineage can be enriched from mouse fetal liver by FACS with the aid of the pre-B cell-specific mAb G-5-2. The cells are concomitantly enriched for cells expressing the pre-B cell-specific gene lambda 5, and for cells developing to LPS-reactive mature B cells. The enriched purified precursors are not influenced by rIL-2 through -7, alone or in combination, to develop to mitogen-reactive, sIg+ cells. Marginal proliferation of the precursors is observed in response to IL-3 plus -4, and IL-6 plus -7, and this does not change in the presence of stromal cells. Development to mitogen-reactive, sIg+ cells is dependent on interactions with embryonic stromal cells from fetal liver. Two mAbs raised against the stromal cells inhibit this development. Two phases of precursor cell development can be distinguished in fetal liver. Between days 13 and 15 of gestation, it is dependent on stromal cell interactions, thereafter, from days 16 to 19, it is independent. A sudden increase in the number of mitogen-reactive, sIg+ B lineage cells occurs within 24 h between days 16 and 17. All these results indicate that B cell development occurs in one wave with synchronous steps of changes from a mitogen-insensitive, sIg-, stromal cell dependent to a mitogen-reactive, sIg+, stromal cell-independent B lineage line.
Immunomodulatory effect of 5-azacytidine (5-azaC): potential role in the transplantation setting
Authors: Luis I. Sánchez-Abarca, Silvia Gutierrez-Cosio, Carlos Santamaría, Teresa Caballero-Velazquez, Belen Blanco, Carmen Herrero-Sánchez, Juan L. García, Soraya Carrancio, Pilar Hernández-Campo, Francisco J. González, Teresa Flores, Laura Ciudad, Esteban Ballestar, Consuelo del Cañizo, Jesus F. San Miguel, Jose A. Pérez-Simon
Journal: Blood (2009)