tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5660: Galbanic acid downregulates androgen receptor and induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in LNCaP cells
Authors: Yong Zhang, Kwan-Hyun Kim, Hyo-Jeong Lee, Sung-Hoon Kim, Junxuan Lü
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Studies have demonstrated that androgen receptor (AR) is crucial for the genesis and progression of human prostate cancer (PCa). Targeting AR signaling is an important approach for the prevention of PCa. Identification of novel herbal phytochemicals that target AR signaling from Oriental medicinal herbs holds the promise to deal with this malignant disease at the root. Ferula asafetida is used as a food spice and as a traditional herbal medicine for many illnesses in Asia, where the incidence of PCa is lower than that in USA. We report here, for the first time, that one of the main components of ferula asafetida, galbanic acid (GA) down-regulates AR and suppresses the growth of LNCaP cells via an induction of G1 arrest and apoptosis. After exposure to GA for 24h and 48h, GA dose-dependently decreased cellular AR level via posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulation in LNCaP cells. Consequently, GA dose-dependently reduced PSA protein expression and inhibited its AR-dependent promoter transactivation. Flow cytometric analysis showed that GA does-dependently induced G1 arrest accompanied by a decrease of CDK4, dephosphorylation of RB and inhibition of E2F1-dependent target gene products, but independent of p21 and p27. In addition, GA induced moderate apoptosis characterized by increased cleaved PARP, DNA fragmentation and annexinV staining as early as 6h after treatment. The induction of apoptosis was attenuated by a general caspase inhibitor (zVADfmk), supporting caspase-dependency. Furthermore, colony formation assay showed that GA suppressed the growth of LNCaP cells with an IC50 of approximate 7 microM. In contrast, GA did not affect the cell cycle distribution or apoptosis or growth of AR-independent DU 145 or PC-3 cells at the same doses of exposure. Taken together, these data suggests that GA exerts growth inhibitory effect against AR-dependent PCa with down-regulation of AR signaling and the induction of G1 arrest and apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5660.
Sensibilisation des étudiants en médecíne à la psychologie médicale
Authors: P.Ch. van Reeth, M. Souris
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

In the psychological training of medical students during their first clinical terms different small group methods have been used and compared. Case discussion on the Balint model designed for practitioners did not seem adequate to the specific needs of medical students being trained in a hospital. Less responsable than the practitioner, the students do not feel deeply involved or identified in such discussion groups. These easely become the 'discussion of somebody else's case' with the help of defence mechanisms borrowed from previous pedagogic conditioning and hospital model of medical case history. The use of role playing disrupts those mechanisms and helps the awareness and experiencing in the emotional components of medical situations. Moreover, it appeared that the doctor-patient relationship is not the most immediate concern of the student. It is screened or mediated by the network of complex human relations through which the student tries to find his own indentity in the hospital team. These specific and most immediate situations can be very effectively used and clarified on the way to the training in doctor-patient interaction.
Gastropleural fistula following pulmonary resection.
Authors: P A O'Keefe, P Goldstraw
Journal: Thorax (1993)

A 77 year old man with an eight month history of polymyalgia rheumatica treated by steroids underwent left lower lobectomy for a non-small cell carcinoma. Following discharge he developed a pneumothorax, empyema, septicaemia, and acute renal failure. Reinvestigation and reoperation showed this to be caused by a non-malignant non-traumatic direct gastropleural fistula.
Diagnostic Features of Clindamycin-Associated Pseudomembranous Colitis
Authors: Francis J. Tedesco, Robert J. Stanley, David H. Alpers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

DIARRHEA associated with antibiotics is not an unusual finding.1 Recently, clindamycin has been reported to cause a  type of colitis with plaque-like elevations on the colonic mucosa.2 , 3 Proctoscopy showed characteristic lesions, and x-ray findings were specific in the three patients treated with clindamycin described below. These findings should facilitate the recognition of pseudomembranous colitis from all causes, since neither of these findings is specific for clindamycin. Over a two-month period, we have seen three patients with severe diarrhea associated with clindamycin. The salient features are outlined in Table 1. Diagnostic Procedures Two tests were found of great help in diagnosing . . .
Control of Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Ronald A. Malt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

IN patients who come to the emergency units of urban general hospitals in this country with active, unremitting hemorrhage originating above the ligament of Treitz and representing loss of at least 1/3 of the blood volume, the sources are about equally distributed among peptic ulceration, ruptured esophageal varices and gastritis. All these patients have hypovolemia and bloody feces; a good many vomit blood, and of those who do not, a majority have blood detectable in the aspirate from a nasogastric tube.Unusual CausesSo overwhelmingly is bleeding caused by ulceration, varices and gastritis that a moment of suspended judgment should . . .
Double pylorus: strong evidence for the acquired etiology of this rare abnormality
Authors: A. Czajkowski, M. Rosołowski, A. Łukaszyk
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 43-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease was admitted to the department with symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed two channels in the pylorus region, with a bleeding ulcer in one of the channels (Figure [1]). We treated the bleeding with a 1 % adrenalin injection and proton pump inhibitors; following this, the Helicobacter pylori infection was treated with standard eradication therapy. Two years later the same patient was re-admitted with symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. This time, endoscopic examination of the stomach revealed that the fistula had disappeared, resulting in one large pylorus channel (Figure [2]).
(30) Hydroa vacciniforme
Authors: D.M. Williamson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article (30) Hydroa vacciniforme Get access D.M. Williamson D.M. Williamson Pontefract General Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue s32, 1 June 1987, Pages 79–80, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb12070.x Published: 01 June 1987
Cross-cultural Psychiatry
Authors: Wen-Shing Tseng
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This book is the report of a workshop held in 1979, funded by the National Institute for Mental Health Center for Minority Groups Mental Health Program to encourage the inclusion of cultural psychiatry in professional mental health training programs. To address the objective, psychiatrists representing four minority groups in the United States—Asian, Hispanic, Native American, and Afro-American—were asked to examine cultural issues that may influence the process of provision of mental health care for each minority group. From their own clinical and personal experience and literature reviews, psychiatric clinicians of various ethnic groups, with their considerably differing styles, describe cultural roots, historical background, migration and acculturation experiences, mental health needs, cultural aspects of psychiatric manifestations, and suggestions for mental health care for each of the minority groups. In the final section, a relevant generic issue in cultural psychiatry was addressed with much insight by an expert trained in both psychiatry
Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiorenal Injury in Experimental Salt-Sensitive Hypertension
Authors: Hiroshi Hayakawa, Karen Coffee, Leopoldo Raij
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Pharmacological control of hypertension has contributed to a significant decrease in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, although the beneficial effect on cardiac and renal diseases has been far more modest than the reduction in stroke. The endothelium plays a crucial homeostatic role in the regulation of vascular tone thrombogenesis and vascular remodeling. We studied the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and cardiorenal injury in hypertensive rats and evaluated the effects of two classes of antihypertensive agents commonly used in the clinical setting, a diuretic (DIU) and an ACE inhibitor (CEI). Methods and Results Dahl salt-sensitive rats (DS) given high dietary salt (4% NaCl) developed hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP], 218±9 versus 147±3 mm Hg in DS given 0.5% NaCl; P &lt;.001), which was associated with impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations (EDRs) in aortic rings (ED 50 , 5.44±.18 versus 7.51±.10; P &lt;.05) and mesenteric vessels (area under the curve, 299±11 versus 217±11 arbitrary units; P &lt;.05). Hypertensive DS also demonstrated depressed nitric oxide synthase activity in the aorta (0.76±.15 versus 2.83±.17 nmol · min −1 · g protein −1 ; P &lt;.05), left ventricular hypertrophy (0.43±.02 versus 0.29±.02 g ventricular weight/100 g body weight; P &lt;.05), glomerular injury (histological injury score: 151±8 versus 11±2; P &lt;.05), and increased urinary protein excretion (95±21 versus 25±5 mg/24 hours; P &lt;.05). Treatment of DS rats with the CEI perindopril (4.56 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) did not affect SBP (225±6 mm Hg) but modestly improved EDR (ED 50 : 6.07±.37; P &lt;.05 versus hypertensive DS) as well as proteinuria and glomerular histology. Addition of the DIU indapamide (1.44 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ) normalized SBP (151±2 mm Hg; P &lt;.05), EDR (ED 50 , 7.33±.08; P &lt;.05), left ventricular hypertrophy (0.27±.01 g/100 g body weight; P &lt;.05), and proteinuria (31±4 mg/24 hours; P &lt;.05) and prevented glomerular injury (injury score: 30±2; P &lt;.05). Monotherapy with DIU reduced SBP (175±3 mm Hg; P &lt;.05) and normalized EDR and left ventricular hypertrophy but did not provide effective renal protection. In hypertensive DS, impaired EDR and left ventricular hypertrophy were positively correlated with SBP. In addition, we found a significant correlation between cardiac hypertrophy and endothelial dysfunction. Indeed, a hierarchical regression analysis revealed that impaired aortic EDR, and therefore decreased aortic compliance, positively contributed to left ventricular hypertrophy in addition to but independently of SBP [F (2, 37) =6.29; P =.004]. Conclusions These studies suggest a dissociation of the endothelial, cardiac, and renal effects of antihypertensive therapy in hypertension and may explain the variable success of antihypertensive regimens in treating hypertension while preventing cardiac and renal damage.
Results of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia patients who failed tyrosine kinase inhibitors after developing BCR-ABL1 kinase domain mutations
Authors: Elias Jabbour, Jorge Cortes, Fabio P. S. Santos, Dan Jones, Susan O'Brien, Gabriela Rondon, Uday Popat, Sergio Giralt, Partow Kebriaei, Roy B. Jones, Hagop Kantarjian, Richard Champlin, Marcos de Lima
Journal: Blood (2010)
A Case of Pleuropneumonia with Effusion Treated by the Ergot of Rye: Rapid Recovery
Authors: A. Boggs
Journal: BMJ (1879)

masked or neutralised, and yet any infective matter present, be, in all probability, unaffected, preserved, or only made dormant for a brief period, as exhaustive experiments with carbolic acid and infective fluids, more especially with vaccine, show; that to use purely antiseptic sub- stances as antizymotics is highly paradoxical, preservation being prac- tised and destruction anticipated; further, that the mineral acids are true disinfectants, operating by both physical and chemical destruction, and also by transformation, of organic molecules, as in fermentation; hence, they prevent and arrest putrefaction, they transform putrefaction into fermentation; they deodorise; and, moreover, they are highly anti- zymotic as regards vaccine, virus of glanders, virus of infective inflammation, -and therefore, by inference, as regards all other infections.
Forum Focuses on Hispanic-American Health
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1990)

WHAT TO DO about the medical needs of a population that is mostly young, poor, minimally educated, fast-growing, and disproportionately subject to certain diseases was the concern of physicians and other health and welfare professionals gathered at a "national action forum" in San Antonio, Tex. This 3-day conference, organized by the Center for Studies in Health Education of the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA) and the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, was entitled "Health Policy and the Hispanic: The Economic and Social Impact of Public- and Private-Sector Strategies." "This is an<i>important</i>meeting," Henry G. Cisneros, PhD, former mayor of the city, told the mainly Hispanic participants, among other reasons because the demographics of the Hispanic presence in the United States "mean very fundamental changes for our country." Although rhetorically useful, it is almost impossible to speak about a "Hispanic community," since the constituents are
Association Between &lt;emph type="ital"&gt;CYP2D6&lt;/emph&gt; Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Outcomes
Authors: Anne-Sophie Dieudonné
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Achieving efficient RNAi therapy: progress and challenges
Authors: Kun Gao, Leaf Huang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

RNA interference (RNAi) has been harnessed to produce a new class of drugs for treatment of various diseases. This review summarizes the most important parameters that govern the silencing efficiency and duration of the RNAi effect such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) stability and modification, the type of delivery system and particle sizing methods. It also discusses the predominant barriers for siRNA delivery, such as off-target effects and introduces internalization, endosomal escape and mathematical modeling in RNAi therapy and combinatorial RNAi. At present, effective delivery of RNAi therapeutics in vivo remains a challenge although significant progress has been made in this field.
Pancreatic ductal cells in development, regeneration, and neoplasia
Authors: Maximilian Reichert, Anil K. Rustgi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

The pancreas is a complex organ comprised of three critical cell lineages: islet (endocrine), acinar, and ductal. This review will focus upon recent insights and advances in the biology of pancreatic ductal cells. In particular, emphasis will be placed upon the regulation of ductal cells by specific transcriptional factors during development as well as the underpinnings of acinar-ductal metaplasia as an important adaptive response during injury and regeneration. We also address the potential contributions of ductal cells to neoplastic transformation, specifically in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
The usefulness of clonality for the detection of cases clinically and/or histopathologically not recognized as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: E. Alessi, A. Coggi, L. Venegoni, V. Merlo, R. Gianotti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

The determination of clonality has proven to be a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates. It is considered particularly helpful for the distinction of mycosis fungoides (MF) and inflammatory dermatoses.To verify the sensitivity of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-heteroduplex analysis of T-cell receptor gamma-chain gene (TCRgamma) rearrangements in patients with MF and to establish whether a clinicopathological re-evaluation of lesions previously unclassified or considered to be non-neoplastic entities but found to be monoclonal allowed the recognition of additional cases of MF.Included in the study were 116 patients, seen at our Institute from April 2002 to September 2003 and tested for TCRgamma rearrangements. Thirty-six patients were affected by clinically and histopathologically proven MF, while the remaining 80 cases had not been classified or had been classified as non-neoplastic entities. The sensitivity of the molecular analysis was determined on the basis of the results obtained in the 36 patients with MF. The 29 cases of the second series of patients found to be monoclonal were clinically and histopathologically re-evaluated.Clonal rearrangements were found in 87.5% of patients with plaque stage MF and in 20% of those with patch stage MF. The clinicopathological re-evaluation allowed us to reclassify 15 of 29 monoclonal cases of the second series of patients as MF.The study showed that the PCR-heteroduplex technique can determine a high percentage of monoclonality only in plaque stage MF. However, in spite of the low sensitivity of the method, several cases previously unrecognized could be reclassified as MF when their clinical and histopathological features were re-evaluated taking into account the clonality of the lymphocytic infiltrate.
Effects of Ouabain on Myocardial Potassium and Sodium Balance in Man
Authors: F. JAMES BRENNAN, JOHN L. MCCANS, MIGUEL A. CHIONG, JOHN O. PARKER
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Myocardial electrolyte balance and hemodynamics were studied in 14 patients before and after the administration of ouabain. The drug caused a significant loss of potassium from the myocardium. This was accompanied by a significant positive inotropic response, indicated by an increase in the rate of rise of left ventricular pressure and systolic ejection-rate index. Heart rate, cardiac output, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, brachial artery pressure, and left ventricular stroke-work index remained unchanged. These observations in man are compatible with those theories of digitalis action which associate inotropic effect with the inhibition of membrane sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase.
Cardiac involvement in becker muscular dystrophy
Authors: Paola Melacini, Marina Fanin, Gian Antonio Danieli, Giuseppe Fasoli, Carla Villanova, Corrado Angelini, Libero Vitiello, Manuela Miorelli, Gian Franco Buja, Maria Luisa Mostacciuolo, Elena Pegoraro, Sergio Dalla Volta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Combination Therapy for Neuropathic Pain — Which Drugs, Which Combination, Which Patients?
Authors: Srinivasa N. Raja, Jennifer A. Haythornthwaite
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Neuropathic pain is a complex, costly condition resulting from a primary lesion or dysfunction in any part of the nervous system, from the peripheral receptor to the brain. Degenerative spine disease, diabetes, herpes zoster, compression and entrapment syndromes, AIDS, surgeries such as thoracotomies and mastectomies, amputation, spinal cord injury, and stroke are common causes of neuropathic pain. The aging of the population and the rising prevalence of many of these conditions forecast a probable increase in the number of patients who will have neuropathic pain. Persistent neuropathic pain usually alters a patient's quality of life by interfering with sleep, work, . . .
901-17 Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway Inhibition Using Inactivated Factor Vila Limits Restenosis in the Rabbit Atherosclerosis Model
Authors: Yangsoo Jang, Luis A. Guzman, A. Michael Lincoff, Michael Gottsauner-Wolf, Farhard Forudi, Charles E. Hart, Stephen G. Ellis, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
CONTEMPO '87 Crushes Disturbs, Saddens, Amazes, and Disappoints
Authors: Herbert Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.  —As a practicing rheumatologist and one who considers himself as contemporary as anybody else, I feel crushed to have our very contemporary specialty eliminated from the CONTEMPO '87 issue ofThe Journal. 1 I fear that the omission of an essay about the advances made in rheumatology will only further fuel the misconception held by many physicians and laymen that  is nothing to do about arthritis. Obviously, we think that there is something that can be done and we hope that you will solicit a comparable essay from one of the leaders in our field.
No exit strategy for lipids
Authors: Hema Bashyam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Lipids heading toward lysosomes that carry a mutated ion channel are spared from destruction, according to Meidel et al. (page 1477). The accumulating undigested fat eventually dooms the cell.






Figure 1

Lysosomes (arrowhead) in TRP-ML1–deficient cells internalize endosomal cargo (spots) but fail to degrade it.




Cells get rid of excess fat, which comes from worn-out organelles or engulfed pathogens by, for instance, shuttling them in endosomes to degradative lysosomes. The two organelles are thought to fuse when the lysosomal ion channel TRP-ML1 lets in calcium.

Individuals with mutated TRP-ML1 suffer from a fatal disease called mucolipidosis type IV, which is characterized by fat accumulation in tissues. The failure of endosomes to fuse with lysosomes in these patients' cells, as seen in previous imaging studies, was thought to cause the fat pile up and trigger disease. But because TRP-ML1 also lets through protons, which lowers the pH and thus activates lysosomal enzymes, Meidel et al. wondered whether the fat backlog is caused by a degradation defect rather than a fusion failure.

By silencing TRP-ML1 in normal cells, the group now shows that the channel is not necessary for fusion. In its absence, however, lysosomes became overacidified and thus failed to process their lipid load. The pH defect suggests that the channel leaks protons out of the lysosome to prevent the interior from becoming too acidic. Lipid-clogged lysosomes might send feedback signals that prevent them from taking on new cargo.