tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Problems in Reporting Psychiatric Disorders Among Homeless Adults-Reply
Authors: William R. Breakey
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Drs Winkleby and Fischetti draw attention to potential problems in the public interpretation of scientific data. Our report presented an overview of a complex data set and was not intended to be a complete analysis. It was written for a medical audience, and it is a cause of concern to us, too, that our data can be misinterpreted in the public media, where, for example, reports may fail to distinguish major mental illnesses from the broad spectrum of Axis I disorders. In fact, although our prevalence rates of Axis I disorders as a whole are very high, those for major mental illness do not diverge substantially from rates reported by other investigators.<sup>1</sup>Where our study differed from others was that subjects were examined by psychiatrists, so that a wider range of psychopathology was detected than is possible using structured interview instruments. The question of "severity" of
Pre-coating with serum albumin reduces receptor-mediated hepatic disposition of polystyrene nanosphere: implications for rational design of nanoparticles
Authors: Ken-ichi Ogawara, Kentaro Furumoto, Susumu Nagayama, Keiko Minato, Kazutaka Higaki, Toshiya Kai, Toshikiro Kimura
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
Antihypertensive Medication in the Elderly-Reply
Authors: Ray W. Gifford
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In Reply.—  The myth that antihypertensive medications are not tolerated well by elderly patients arises from isolated, anecdotal case reports and has not been substantiated by large well-controlled trials.  There were 101 patients aged 60 years or older (19 were aged 70 years or older) in the actively treated group (diuretic and deserpidine) in the Hypertension-Stroke Cooperative Study ( JAMA 1974;229:409-418), and all had had a previous stroke. The Veterans Administration Cooperative Study included 38 men aged 60 to 75 years in the group that was given active treatment. 1 They were treated with diuretic, reserpine, and hydralazine if needed. At the time of the 1978 report of the European Working Party on High Blood Pressure in the Elderly, there were 179 patients older than 60 years receiving active drug treatment (diuretic plus methyldopa if needed). 2 In the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program study, there were 1,172 volunteers aged 60
1258 FLUVASTATIN AMELIORATES LIVER DISEASE IN HCV MOUSE MODEL WITH IMPROVEMENTS OF LIPID METABOLISM, MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND INTRAHEPATIC CARDIOLIPIN COMPOSITION
Authors: H. Fujinaga, S. Shinzawa, J. Aoki, K. Okushin, K. Goto, H. Miyoshi, T. Tsutsumi, Y. Shintani, H. Yotsuyanagi, K. Moriya, K. Koike
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Abstract 2008: CUL7 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cells migration and invasion
Authors: Qiong Song, Lihui Wang, Yi Lu, Jian Zhang, Jiejun Fu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cullin7 (CUL7) is a scaffold protein of the CUL7 E3 ubiquitin ligase containing Fbxw8, Skp1 and ROC1. Germ line mutations of the CUL7 are linked to 3-M syndrome and Yakuts short stature syndrome, both of which are characterized by growth retardation and few bone abnormalities. We have previously shown that CUL7 promotes trophoblast cells migration and invasion. However, the role of CUL7 on cancer invasion and metastasis remains unknown. It has been reported that CUL7 mRNA is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we investigated the effects of CUL7 on NSCLC cells migration and invasion. Firstly, we evaluated CUL7 expression on tissue microarray slides by immunohistochemical staining. We found that CUL7 significantly overexpressed in NSCLC and its expression was associated with advanced TNM stage, nodal or bone metastasis and poor overall survival. Next, we determined CUL7, CUL1 and Fbxw8 expression in different NSCLC cell lines by real-time PCR and western blot. Higher level of CUL7 was observed in H1299, H358, H1437, and H1792 cells which derived from metastatic sites compared to H460 and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS2B). Knockdown CUL7 expression in NSCLC cells decreased cell motility and invasive ability using wound healing and matrigel invasion assay. Real-time PCR revealed that knockdown of CUL7 significantly decreased expression of CCL2, IL-6 and CXCL16. However, the expression of uPA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were not changed. Furthermore, Knockdown of CUL7 in NSCLC cells decreased secretion of CCL2, CXCL16 and IL-6. This study indicates that CUL7 may be a potential biomarker as well as a novel therapeutic target in NSCLC progression. Supported by National Natural Sciences Foundation (NSFC) projects (81201669, 81171993 and 81272415); NSFC key project (81130046). Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Qiong Song, Lihui Wang, Yi Lu, Jian Zhang, Jiejun Fu. CUL7 promotes non-small cell lung cancer cells migration and invasion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2008. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2008
Factor VIII Concentrates: Matching What You See With What You Get
Authors: Jeanne M. Lusher
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The article by Rock et al<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalcalls attention to the problems of verifying the labeled potency of factor VIII concentrates. Rock et al report finding (in 1982) a considerable discrepancy between their measurements and the manufacturers-labeled factor VIII content, with the authors' assays showing overall levels of approximately 60% of the labeled values with each of four lots of one manufacturer's product. They point out the potential serious implications of such less-than labeled factor VIII content, including inadequate treatment of bleeding episodes with poor clinical response and increased factor VIII usage (at additional cost) if clinicians doubt that the bottle contains as much as stated on the label. This issue is not a new one and no doubt reflects several problems that have been of great concern to the manufacturers of clotting factor concentrates, the US Office of Biologics (OOB) and its British
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) gp120 superantigen-binding serum antibodies. A host factor in homosexual HIV-1 transmission.
Authors: J Townsley-Fuchs, L Kam, R Fairhurst, S J Gange, L Goodglick, J V Giorgi, N Sidell, R Detels, J Braun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

HIV-1 gp120 is an immunoglobulin superantigen which can bind to preimmune serum Ig. We hypothesize that levels of such preimmune antibodies vary in the population and might affect host resistance or susceptibility to viral transmission. This study tests two predictions: (a) levels of preimmune anti-gpl20 Igs are a polymorphic trait; and, (b) these levels are correlated with resistance or susceptibility to HIV-1 transmission. The first prediction was confirmed in a longitudinal study of a low-risk seronegative population. In this group, levels of both endogenous anti-gpl20 IgM and IgG varied widely, but were characteristic and stable for each individual. The second prediction was addressed in a study of participants of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, in which men "susceptible" and "resistant" to HIV infection were identified based on numbers of sexual partners and eventual seroconversion. Specimens consisted of archival sera obtained > 2 yr before seroconversion. Men in the susceptible population (low-risk seroconverters) were distinguished by low levels of anti-gpl20 IgG. We conclude that the level of preimmune anti-gpl20 IgG is a polymorphic population trait, and low levels are a potentially specific and significant factor in homosexual transmission of HIV infection.
Human Pancreatic Islets and Diabetes Research
Authors: John S. Kaddis
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Human islet research is crucial to understanding the cellular biology of the pancreas in developing therapeutic options for diabetes patients and in attempting to prevent the development of this disease. The national Islet Cell Resource Center Consortium provides human pancreatic islets for diabetes research while simultaneously addressing the need to improve islet isolation and transplantation technologies. Since its inception in 2001, the consortium has supplied 297.6 million islet equivalents to 151 national and international scientists for use in clinical and laboratory projects. Data on the volume, quality, and frequency of shipments substantiate the importance of human islets for diabetes research, as do the number of funded grants for beta-cell projects and publications produced as a direct result of islets supplied by this resource. Limitations in using human islets are discussed, along with the future of islet distribution centers. The information presented here is instructive to clinicians, basic science investigators, and policy makers who determine the availability of funding for such work. Organ procurement coordinators also may find the information useful in explaining to donor families why research consent is so valuable.
Tinel's sign and the carpal tunnel syndrome.
Authors: S S Mossman, J N Blau
Journal: BMJ (1987)

lymphoma in a haemophiliac negative for HIV.Serum samples from 1983 and 1984 examined retrospectively also failed to show this antibody.All serum samples were negative for antibody to human T cell lymphotropic virus type I.Histologically similar extranodal lymphomas have been reported in homosexual men negative for antibody to HIV but with inverted ratios of T helper to suppressor cells.4The aetiology of the lymphomas in such patients is not clear.Congenital and other acquired immune defects are also associated with lymphomas.We previously reported abnormal cell mediated immunity in haemophiliacs with factor VIII concentrate and negative for HIV antibody.5Such defects may have contributed to the pathogenesis of the tumour in our patient.
Acquired C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency type II. Replacement therapy with C1-INH and analysis of patients' C1-INH and anti-C1-INH autoantibodies.
Authors: J Alsenz, J D Lambris, K Bork, M Loos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The response of two patients with autoantibody-mediated C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency to replacement therapy with C1-INH was studied over a period of 3 d. In patient 1 an acute attack of angioedema was successfully managed by infusion of 1,000 U of C1-INH concentrate. C1-INH function returned to normal levels within 30 min, while CH50 and C4 peaked after 6-7 h and C1 hemolytic activity reached 50-60% of normal after 3 d. Immediately after the injection an increase in C1-INH-anti-C1-INH complexes was observed. Based on NH2-terminal sequence analysis of the patients' Mr 96,000 C1-INH, it is concluded that this fragment is generated after cleavage of C1-INH in its active site by one of its target proteases without generating a covalent C1-INH-enzyme complex. In a second patient with a four to five times higher anti-C1-INH antibody titer, the infusion of 500 ml of plasma or of 2,000 U of C1-INH concentrate influenced neither the severity of the patient's angioedema nor the tested parameters, except for an increase in the amount of C1-INH-anti-C1-INH complexes. Analysis of patients' anti-C1-INH antibodies revealed that the antibodies recognize different epitopes within the C1-INH. This suggests that patients with acquired angioedema type II are a heterogenous group with respect to the C1-INH autoantibodies.
The HIV-1 Reverse Transcription (RT) Process as Target for RT Inhibitors
Authors: Heidi Jonckheere, Jozef Ann�, Erik De Clercq
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2000)

Since the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) was identified as the etiologic agent of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) has been the subject of intensive study. The reverse transcription entails the transition of the single-stranded viral RNA into double-stranded proviral DNA, which is then integrated into the host chromosome. Therefore, the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase plays a pivotal role in the life cycle of the virus and is consequently an interesting target for anti-HIV drug therapy. In the first section, we describe the complex process of reverse transcription and the different activities involved in this process. We then highlight the structure-function relationship of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, which is of great importance for a better understanding of resistance development, a major problem in anti-AIDS therapies. Finally, we summarize the mechanisms of HIV resistance toward various RT inhibitors and the implications thereof for the current anti-HIV drug therapies. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 20, No. 2, 129–154, 2000
Lopinavir–Ritonavir versus Nelfinavir for the Initial Treatment of HIV Infection
Authors: Sharon Walmsley, Barry Bernstein, Martin King, José Arribas, Gildon Beall, Peter Ruane, Margaret Johnson, David Johnson, Richard Lalonde, Anthony Japour, Scott Brun, Eugene Sun
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Lopinavir is a newly developed inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease that, when formulated with ritonavir, yields mean trough plasma lopinavir concentrations that are at least 75 times as high as that needed to inhibit replication of wild-type HIV by 50 percent.
Social learning is central to innovation, in primates and beyond
Authors: Corina J. Logan, John W. Pepper
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract Much of the importance of innovation stems from its capacity to spread via social learning, affecting multiple individuals, thus generating evolutionary and ecological consequences. We advocate a broader taxonomic focus in the field of behavioral innovation, as well as the use of comparative field research, and discuss the unique conservation implications of animal innovations and traditions.
Income inequality and mortality: importance to health of individual income, psychosocial environment, or material conditions
Authors: J. W Lynch
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Studies on the health effects of income inequality have generated great interest. The evidence on this association between countries is mixed,1–4 but income inequality and health have been linked within the United States,5–11 Britain,12 and Brazil.13 Questions remain over how to interpret these findings and the mechanisms involved. We discuss three interpretations of the association between income inequality and health: the individual income interpretation, the psychosocial environment interpretation, and the neo-material interpretation.

#### Summary points

Income inequality has generally been associated with differences in health

A psychosocial interpretation of health inequalities, in terms of perceptions of relative disadvantage and the psychological consequences of inequality, raises several conceptual and empirical problems

Income inequality is accompanied by many differences in conditions of life at the individual and population levels, which may adversely influence health

Interpretation of links between income inequality and health must begin with the structural causes of inequalities, and not just focus on perceptions of that inequality

Reducing health inequalities and improving public health in the 21st century requires strategic investment in neo-material conditions via more equitable distribution of public and private resources

We reviewed the literature through traditional and electronic means and supplemented this with correlational analyses of gross domestic product and life expectancy and of income inequality and mortality trends based on data from the World Bank,14 the World Health Organization,15 and two British sources.16 17

According to the individual income interpretation, aggregate level associations between income inequality and health reflect only the individual level association between income and health. The curvilinear relation between income and health at the individual level 18 19 is a sufficient condition to produce health differences between populations with the same average income but different distributions of income.3 20 This interpretation assumes that determinants …
Biocompatibility and degradation characteristics of PLGA-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with nanoapatite incorporation
Authors: Wei Ji, Fang Yang, Hajar Seyednejad, Zhi Chen, Wim E. Hennink, James M. Anderson, Jeroen J.J.P. van den Beucken, John A. Jansen
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
A patient that changed my practice: Mother knows best
Authors: R. Kacker
Journal: BMJ (1998)

I have lost count of the number of times my teachers taught that in paediatrics “Mother is always right.”

As a casualty officer I decided to do locum work. The first card I picked up was that of a 4 month old boy who had had “one week history of cough, crying all the time.” Squeezed in at the end of the summary was, “Mother concerned about development.” She told me that she had three other children. “I know that there is something wrong here. It's more than just that he's small and will catch up later,” she added.

The boy had been born after a complication free pre-, intra-, and postpartum pregnancy …
Thomas Newcomb Stone (1818–1876) — Cape Cod Rhymer
Authors: Fred B. Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

FROM early times physicians have participated in activities outside their chosen vocation. Through literary efforts doctors have often captured the spirit of the time, thereby projecting their own personalities upon a historic tapestry. Dr. Thomas Newcomb Stone, an American physician-poet of the past century, deserves recall because of his interesting life and work. Best known for his book, Cape Cod Rhymes, published in 1869, he was the outstanding member of a remarkable family of physicians that practiced in Massachusetts for over a century. His career invites one, like Sir William Osler's advice on medical poets, to "look beyond the . . .
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: The New Database to Inform the Eighth Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer
Authors: Ramón Rami-Porta, Vanessa Bolejack, Dorothy J. Giroux, Kari Chansky, John Crowley, Hisao Asamura, Peter Goldstraw
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
EFFECTS OF PERICARDIAL CONSTRAINT ON LEFT VENTRICULAR HEMODYNAMICS IN THE UNLOADED HEART
Authors: Naoki Fujimoto, Shigeki Shibata, Qi Fu, Jeffrey L. Hastings, Graeme C. Carrick-Ranson, Paul S. Bhella, M Dean Palmer, Benjamin D. Levine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Stimulating anti-tumor immune response: the problem of regulatory T-cells
Authors: C. D. James
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2011)

Approaches to stimulating an anti-tumor immune response in glioblastoma patients have been a subject of interest in preclinical and clinical brain tumor research for decades. To this end, substantial effort has been directed towards inhibiting regulatory T cells (Tregs), which promote immune tolerance and limit the effectiveness of therapies that depend on evoking an anti-tumor immune response. In the current issue of Neuro-Oncology, Wainwright et al. (1) investigate the origin of glioblastoma-associated Tregs, specifically whether they are thymus derived vs. induced; this knowledge may be critically important to developing effective approaches to limiting Treg anti-tumor immunosuppression.

To achieve their objective, the authors used a murine, syngeneic, immunocompetent, orthotopic engraftment model to evaluate the effect of thymectomy on systemically administered anti-Treg CD25 mAb and found that the thymus is necessary for animal subjects to experience a survival benefit from this Treg-depleting treatment. To establish the relevance of the experimental model observations to glioblastoma in patients, a human tumor tissue microarray was examined for expression of the thymus-derived marker Helios in tumor-resident Tregs; the results showed that the majority of tumor-associated T-cells were Helios positive. In total, the results of this elegant study suggest that attempts to suppress Tregs, in association with therapies for evoking patient anti-tumor immune response, need to be targeted to the periphery, where Treg development and expansion predominates. However, since brain tumor patients present with Tregs already infiltrating their malignancy, it may additionally be necessary to target Tregs in the brain. This, in turn, would require the use of Treg-suppressive therapeutics with favorable biodistribution properties.

The featured article emphasizes the increasing interest in exploiting patients' immune responses to combat their disease, while informing us of the complexity of cell types and processes involved in the immune response to cancer. How best to manipulate immune function to achieve improved outcomes in brain tumor patients is certain to remain a subject of keen interest, with innovative approaches such as Treg depletion through antibody administration, providing reason for optimism about the eventual benefits of immunotherapy in neuro-oncology practice.
Never Again, Lisa: Childhood Diabetes in a Dysfunctional Family
Authors: Ellen L. Toth
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

On Being a Doctor15 December 1994Never Again, Lisa: Childhood Diabetes in a Dysfunctional FamilyEllen L. Toth, MDEllen L. Toth, MDUniversity of Alberta; Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R7; CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-12-199412150-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Lisa's grandfather worked hard on the farm where the German family had made their new life and he also drank hard, especially during the depression. Lisa's father tried to follow his dad's example of hard work but somehow there was never the same challenge. There was more time to drink. Lisa's mum was a good woman who believed in the difference between right and wrong. She had inherited her own mother's distaste for the cold barren land, but hid this from her family. Lisa was the third child born to the couple, and during her childhood there was only occasional ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ellen L. Toth, MDAffiliations: University of Alberta; Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R7; Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1994Volume 121, Issue 12Page: 979-980KeywordsDietHypoglycemiaInsulinKidneysMedical dialysisRunningSportsStrokeVisionVomiting ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Accidental Penetration of the Maxillary Sinus in Minor Orbital Injuries
Authors: William D. Winter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE 2 cases reported below illustrate the ease with which a sharp instrument may be passed behind the infraorbital ridge, through the thin maxillary plate in the floor of the orbit and into the antrum. In neither of these cases was the penetration lateral enough to have injured the maxillary nerve in the infraorbital canal or far enough medial to injure the lacrimal duct. The largest risk from antral penetration lay in the possibility of osteomyelitis or orbital infection, which did not ensue.Case 1. K.M., a 7 1/2-year-old boy, was walking along a sidewalk when he was struck in . . .
Serum Phosphate
Authors: M. Tonelli, F. Sacks, M. Pfeffer, Z.H. Gao, G. Curhan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

It has been known for decades that hyperphosphatemia is a feature of ESRD that may cause secondary hyperparathyroidism and soft tissue calcification ([1][1]), including vascular calcification ([2][2]). The latter comprises mainly calcification of intimal plaques ([3][3]) and of the media ([4][4],[5