tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatocyte growth factor levels in liver and serum increase during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: A W Burr, K J Hillan, K E McLaughlin, R Ferrier, C Chapman, J Mathew, A D Burt
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is mitogenic for hepatocytes and some tumor cell lines. Elevations in plasma HGF levels have been detected in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and it is possible that HGF is involved in the promotion and/or progression of tumor growth. We measured serum and liver tissue HGF levels during chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Wistar rats were given diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in drinking water for 10 weeks with controls receiving drinking water only. Animals were killed at 10, 16, and 19 weeks. Liver HGF levels were determined from immunoblotted protein by scanning densitometry, and serum HGF levels were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HGF was also immunolocalized in fixed liver tissue sections. In DEN-treated animals, at 10 weeks, there was necroinflammation but no dysplasia. Serum HGF was elevated compared with controls (P < .001) but there was no increase in liver HGF. At 16 weeks, there was liver cell dysplasia with minimal necroinflammation; serum and tissue HGF levels were both significantly elevated above controls. At 19 weeks, hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) were present in five of six DEN-treated animals; liver HGF (P < .05) and serum HGF (P < .001) were both elevated compared with controls. HGF was localized in basement membranes around bile ducts and vessels and some perisinusoidal cells. Increased HGF immunolabeling was observed at 16 and 19 weeks, but dysplastic hepatocytes and tumor cells were HGF-negative. HGF may serve as a growth promoter at early stages during liver tumor development acting through possibly endocrine and paracrine pathways. Recent observations have described HGF as being mitoinhibitory for HCC cell lines; it is possible therefore that the continued up-regulation of HGF in the latter stages of our DEN model may inhibit tumor cell growth, and thus represent a form of antitumor host response.
Hormone in the Treatment of Acne
Authors: Mary Steichen Calderone
Journal: JAMA (1962)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— In your Question and Answer section of The Journal (Acne 178:1124 [Dec. 16] 1961), a letter appeared from Dr. C. Martin Wood asking about the possible use of some hormone in the treatment of acne. Dr. Wood mentioned that, in one case, the persistent acne had disappeared during 2 pregnancies.The answer given by Dr. Louis Brunsting does not mention one possibility for treatment, suggested by the disappearance of long-standing acne during the induction of a pseudopregnancy by norethindrone, or by one of the other progestins for the control of endometriosis. It would be interesting to know if others using one of these progestins have noted any effect on concurrent acne, a condition often having such a serious effect on personality development of young people, that it would well merit follow-up of any hopeful leads for its treatment.
415 Predominance of type 1 (TH1) cytokine in the liver of HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis patients
Authors: D. Saadoun, H. Trebeden-Negre, V. Bon-Durand, M. Andreu, O. Boyer, D. Klatzmann, J.C. Piette, P. Cacoub
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Gas Gangrene Complicating Fracture of the Tibia
Authors: Otto E. Aufranc
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Dr. Arthur L. Boland: A 29-year-old man, an iron worker, whose condition was diagnosed as gas gangrene, was transferred from a local hospital; it was his first admission to Children's Hospital Medical Center. Two days earlier, when he had been struck by a rotating truck wheel, he sustained an open fracture of his right tibia and a wringer-type soft tissue injury of the leg. When he was admitted to the other hospital, the right foot was pulseless; however, circulation returned immediately upon closed reduction of the fracture in the accident room. The wounds were then debrided and closed primarily in the operating room, and the tibial fracture was held with a Lottes nail. He was treated with intravenous administration of aqueous potassium penicillin G, streptomycin, tetanus toxoid, and hyperimmune serum. The patient's temperature was 104 F (40.0 C), 24 hours later, and the calf of his right leg was severely
Abstract 1780: Potentiating chronic myeloid leukaemia treatment using oligomeric disruption and RNAi
Authors: David W. Woessner, Andrew S. Dixon, Carol S. Lim
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Exploiting multiple pathways to treat Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) may improve therapeutic efficacy. CML is caused by expression of the tyrosine kinase oncoprotein, Bcr-Abl, in hematopoietic stem cells resulting in an overproliferative granulocyte cell lineage. Increased circulation of granulocytes or granulocyte progenitors floods the circulatory system resulting in organ failure, infection, hemorrhage and eventually death. Imatinib (Gleevec®) therapy is initially effective in about two-thirds of patients; however resistance to this drug may develop over the course of the disease. Recent reports in the literature have combined imatinib therapy with RNA interference (RNAi) technology in vitro resulting in a more effective induction of apoptosis. An engineered peptide which binds the coiled-coil domain of Bcr-Abl prevents oligomerization and transactivation of the oncogene in K562 cells. This disruption of Bcr-Abl reduces proliferation and blocks downstream oncogenic signaling. To enhance therapeutic efficacy we have integrated short hairpin-mediated RNAi against known disease progression or anti-apoptotic proteins. RNAi targets include autophagy promoting factor ATG7, the aberrant oncoprotein MUC-1, and a leukemic stem cell factor Alox5. Experimental constructs were tested in Bcr-Abl containing K562 cells, a CML blast phase model. Colony forming assays, microscopy and flow cytometry were used to asses proliferation, transformative ability, and apoptosis. When combined with a plasmid encoding the peptide which disrupts Bcr-Abl function, an additive or synergistic enhancement of apoptosis is possible. Targeting CML-causing cells simultaneously through disparate cellular pathways promotes a more complete apoptosis in CML than with currently available TKI therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1780. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1780
Plain Film Interpretation in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: G.B.C. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1970)

As an introduction to the field of congenital heart disease devoted solely to the interpretation of plain films, the text serves its avowed purpose. The first section concisely reviews the embryogenesis of the heart and great vessels, outlines the normal radiographic anatomy of the heart, and presents a simple review of the functional changes associated with congenital heart disease. This is followed by a conventional approach to the study of the plain film. Emphasis is placed on the assessment of the pulmonary vascularity, and there are good illustrative examples of normal, diminished, and increased vascularity of the lungs. The evaluation of the pulmonary artery, aorta, and specific chambers is quite standard and well illustrated. The author presents specific forms of congenital heart disease by grouping them into lesions associated with increased vascularity and cyanosis, with increased vascularity without cyanosis, with decreased pulmonary vascularity, and with normal pulmonary vascularity. It is
Narcotic Addiction, Physical Dependence and Relapse
Authors: Vincent P. Dole
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

THE pioneering studies of Spragg, Wikler, Martin, Nichols, Beach, Weeks, Khazan, Seevers, Denau, Schuster, Thompson and their associates during the past 20 years have provided experimental models of narcotics addiction. Recent and authoritative reviews1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 of these studies are available, and need not be repeated here in detail. Instead, what will be attempted in the present review is to look at the experimental work on addiction in animals with the eye of a clinician who is concerned with the human problem of narcotics abuse, and ask what can be learned from the laboratory studies about the prevention and treatment of the . . .
Social Networks and Health: Models, Methods, and Applications
Authors: Stanley Borg
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PRRC2A and BCL2L11 gene variants influence risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: results from the InterLymph consortium
Authors: Alexandra Nieters, Lucia Conde, Susan L. Slager, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Lindsay Morton, Danica R. Skibola, Anne J. Novak, Jacques Riby, Stephen M. Ansell, Eran Halperin, Tait D. Shanafelt, Luz Agana, Alice H. Wang, Anneclaire J. De Roos, Richard K. Severson, Wendy Cozen, John Spinelli, Katja Butterbach, Nikolaus Becker, Silvia de Sanjose, Yolanda Benavente, Pierluigi Cocco, Anthony Staines, Marc Maynadié, Lenka Foretova, Paolo Boffetta, Paul Brennan, Qing Lan, Yawei Zhang, Tongzhang Zheng, Mark Purdue, Bruce Armstrong, Anne Kricker, Claire M. Vajdic, Andrew Grulich, Martyn T. Smith, Paige M. Bracci, Stephen J. Chanock, Patricia Hartge, James R. Cerhan, Sophia S. Wang, Nathaniel Rothman, Christine F. Skibola
Journal: Blood (2012)
AN INSTRUMENT FOR HEMOSTASIS OF THE SCALP
Authors: Percival Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Surgeons have long sought for a satisfactory method of securing hemostasis of incisions in the scalp. The one almost universally adopted in the United States employs hemostats, which are placed on the galea and curled backward over the scalp. This method is satisfactory for the outer margin of the incision of the ordinary osteoplastic craniotomy, but on the inner margin the hemostats are very much in the operator's way, fall into the wound and generally cause much nuisance and loss of time. Various types of clamps have been devised from time to time to replace the inner row of hemostats but have never been entirely satisfactory. The ordinary Michel clips work very well and do no damage to the edge of the skin but have heretofore been difficult and tedious to apply. I was therefore much pleased to find an instrument in use by Dr. Clovis Vincent of Paris which
Blood Platelets: Henry Ford Hospital International Symposium
Authors: George Halperin
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Tocantins, in his chapter "The Blood Platelets—Past, Present and Future," states that in the present state of knowledge we do know that the platelet does exist, and that it plays an active role in the inception, progression, and completion of blood coagulation. We also know that the platelet originates from the megakaryocyte of the bone marrow, and that in human blood it numbers between 200,000 and 400,000 per cubic millimeter of blood. Our interest in the platelet, according to Tocantins, is due to realization that the platelet plays a role in coagulation and hemostasis, that the platelet can be separated, and that it plays an important role in various biological phenomena. <i>Blood Platelets</i>is the 10th of the Henry Ford Hospital Symposia. The volume contains 51 contributions devoted to the subject of platelets. These contributions deal with the various aspects of the problem, the role of platelets in hemostasis and
Potential consequences of healthcare recommendations: A focus on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Rohit Satoskar, Nancy Reau
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Healthcare guidelines and recommendations have broad-reaching impact. They serve as the evidence to enforce medical testing by establishing a bar for standard of care through their intrinsic credibility but also by affecting reimbursement. In this article, we discuss the various organizations in the United States that develop healthcare policy and guidelines. We focus on the recent recommendations for hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening put forward by these agencies and the potential effect of these documents. Additional discussion is provided on the recent draft HCV screening recommendations provided by the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), comparison of these to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, and professional societies' response to these.As written, the USPSTF recommendations may reduce physician adoption of HCV screening in the 1945-1965 birth cohort as advocated by the CDC. Conflicting guidelines may further confuse providers and the public. This will ultimately hinder recognition of chronic HCV in an otherwise easily identifiable, high prevalence group, allowing progression of disease at a time when therapeutic advances make cure a realistic opportunity for many.
Intra-articular injections of 750 kD hyaluronan in the treatment of osteoarthritis: a randomised single centre double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 91 patients demonstrating lack of efficacy.
Authors: E B Henderson, E C Smith, F Pegley, D R Blake
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVE--To determine the safety and efficacy of intra-articular injections of hyaluronan in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. METHODS--A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out on 91 patients with radiologically confirmed osteoarthritis of the knee who were recruited from the outpatient clinics. RESULTS--It was found that weekly intraarticular injections of 20 mg of hyaluronan of M(r) = 750,000 (Hyalgan) in 2 ml of buffered saline performed no better than the inert vehicle alone over a five week period. The principal side effects of a transient increase in pain and swelling in the affected knee was observed in 47% of the treatment group compared with 22% of the placebo group. A few patients with radiologically mild disease treated with Hyalgan appeared to experience medium to long-term symptomatic improvement over matched placebo controls as judged by a delayed return to previous NSAID therapy or analgesia other than paracetamol. Patient numbers in the survival groups, however, were too small to be meaningful. CONCLUSION--It is concluded that intraarticular administration of this preparation of 750 kD hyaluronan offers no significant benefit over placebo during a five week treatment period, but incurs a significantly higher morbidity, and therefore has no place in the routine treatment of osteoarthritis.
Effect of rubella vaccination programme in schools on rubella immunity in a general practice population
Authors: E V Hulse
Journal: BMJ (1982)

GPs in communities most affected by redun- dancies, nevertheless, the system of medical care survives intact.The wisdom of those who understood that service, free at the point of care, was the most important principle of medical care is never more evident than when another system without that guiding principle is subjected to similar stresses.I do not know which of my patients is delaying coming to see me because he is out of work.I am sure there are many who daily weigh their own long-term health and that of their family against immediate needs of transportation, housing, and food.Nearly every community- based physician in the US acknowledges this choice for patients.It is also a choice which in a Western and industrialised country in the late twentieth century should never need exist if the medical care system were indeed a humane one.
Determinants of Progression of Microalbuminuria in Adolescents With IDDM
Authors: Susanne Rudberg, Glsela Dahlquist
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the significance of microalbuminuria in adolescents with IDDM and to study the relative importance of blood pressure (BP), metabolic control, and albumin excretion rate (AER) on progression of microalbuminuria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cohort of 155/156 children and adolescents followed from onset up to 18.3 years of IDDM participated. In a previous follow-up in July 1991 (up to 15 years of duration), 17 patients had developed persistent microalbuminuria (≥20 μg/min). In these adolescents, we analyzed whether microalbuminuria had progressed (in mean ≥5% per year), had remained unchanged, or had normalized (&amp;lt;20 μg/min) after another 3 years. The predictive values of mean HbA1c, diastolic blood pressure (dBP), systolic blood pressure (sBP), overnight AER, sex, age, and duration of diabetes for the progression of microalbuminuria were determined using multiple regression modeling. RESULTS Seven of 17 patients with microalbuminuria in July 1991 had normalized, 6 of 17 patients had progressed, and 4 of 17 patients had remained unchanged after 3 years. Progressors had higher mean HbA1c during the first 5 years of IDDM and higher mean sBP in 1991 than nonprogressors. Patients with normalized microalbuminuria all had AER &amp;lt;30 μg/min in 1991, were younger at onset of microalbuminuria, had lower mean HbA1c, and had lower dBP before normalized AER than nonregressors at the same duration of microalbuminuria. In multivariate analysis, independent significant predictors for progression were first 5-year mean HbAlc, mean AER, and mean sBP in 1991 (R2 = 0.76, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Progression of microalbuminuria in adolescents with IDDM is predicted by early sustained hyperglycemia, later elevated sBP, and increased AER per se. Microalbuminuria is frequently normalized in adolescents, and this is associated with better prevailing metabolic control, younger age, and lower dBP.
Profiles of Great Lakes Critical Pollutants: A Sentinel Analysis of Human Blood and Urine
Authors: Henry A. Anderson, Claire Falk, Larry Hanrahan, Joe Olson, Virlyn W. Burse, Larry Needham, Daniel Paschal, Donald Patterson, Robert H. Hill, None The Great Lakes Consortium
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

To determine the contaminants that should be studied further in the subsequent population-based study, a profile of Great Lakes (GL) sport fish contaminant residues were studied in human blood and urine specimens from 32 sport fish consumers from three Great Lakes: Lake Michigan (n =10), Lake Huron (n = 11), and Lake Erie (n = 11). Serum was analyzed for 8 polychlorinated dioxin congeners, 10 polychlorinated furan congeners, 4 coplanar and 32 other polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and 11 persistent chlorinated pesticides. Whole blood was analyzed for mercury and lead. Urine samples were analyzed for 10 nonpersistent pesticides (or their metabolites) and 5 metals. One individual was excluded from statistical analysis because of an unusual exposure to selected analytes.
Cigarette smoking and risk of premature stroke in men and women.
Authors: R Bonita, R Scragg, A Stewart, R Jackson, R Beaglehole
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A case-control study was carried out of the relation between cigarette smoking and hypertension and stroke. A total of 132 cases of stroke (79 in men, 53 in women) identified as a part of a population based register were compared with 1586 controls (1017 men, 569 women) from a survey of cardiovascular risk factors conducted in the same population. Cigarette smokers had a threefold increase in the risk of stroke compared with current non-smokers. This association remained significant after adjusting for hypertension. Those who both smoked and had hypertension had an increased risk of stroke of almost 20-fold compared with those who neither smoked nor had hypertension. Overall, in this population roughly 37% of stroke events may be attributed to cigarette smoking and 36% to hypertension.
Ewing vs Michigan
Authors: Mary K. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am writing to correct certain information in the article entitled "Academic Dismissal: Due Process: Part II" by Henry R. Arkin, JD,<sup>1</sup>in which Scott E. Ewing's case against the Regents of the University of Michigan is discussed. At the time the article appeared, the university had appealed the case to the US Supreme Court. On Dec 12, 1985, the Supreme Court reversed the unanimous opinion of the US Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit and held that the university had not acted arbitrarily in dismissing Mr Ewing after he failed the National Board of Medical Examiners examination part I on his first attempt. Nonetheless, the Supreme Court did acknowledge that "other students with even more academic deficiencies were uniformly allowed to retake the test" and that "Ewing is the only student who, having failed the test, was not permitted to retake it." The court
Max Harry Weil
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A method is described for the isolation of parietal cells from the gastric mucosa of the guinea pig by enzymatic digestion with collagenase. A suspension was obtained that contained 70-80% parietal cells. About 80% of the cells were viable immediately after incubation, but viability dropped sharply after one hour. Parietal cells were identified by their morphology on light and electron microscopy, by their uptake of neutral red, by immunofluorescent staining and by carbonic anhydrase activity. Antibodies to four distinct parietal-cell antigens were obtained from rabbits immunized with the isolated parietal cells or fractions thereof. These antibodies were directed against the microsomal fraction of the parietal-cell cytoplasm, the plasma and nuclear membranes, the soluble proteins, and Castle9s intrinsic factor. The antibody against the microsomal fraction, though reacting in the same way as the antibody to parietal cell canaliculi found in the serum of patients with pernicious anaemia, showed greater species specificity.
Rates of infant mortality higher among indigenous children in Canada, the US, Australia, and New Zealand
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Indigenous children in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand experience higher rates of infant mortality, as well as injury and unintentional death, compared with non-indigenous children, a report has said.

The Indigenous Children’s Health Report: Health Assessment in Action was authored by a group of international researchers based in Canada, the United States, Australia, and New Zealand. 

They found health status disparities between indigenous and non-indigenous children (0-12 years old) in all four countries. Infant mortality rates were 1.7 to 4 times higher in indigenous infants than in non-indigenous infants. For …