tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validation of the U.K. diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis in a population setting
Authors: H.C. WILLIAMS, P.G.J. BURNEY, A.C. PEMBROKE, R.J. HAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Validation of the U.K. diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis in a population setting Get access H.C. WILLIAMS, H.C. WILLIAMS St John's Institute of Dermatology, United Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Dr Hywel C. Williams. Department of Dermatology. Queen's Medical Centre. University Hospital. Nottingham NG7 2UH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.G.J. BURNEY, P.G.J. BURNEY Department of Public Health Medicine. United Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.C. PEMBROKE, A.C. PEMBROKE Department of Dermatology. King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill. London SE5 9RS, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. HAY, R.J. HAY St John's Institute of Dermatology, United Medical Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ON BEHALF OF THE U.K. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ATOPIC DERMATITIS WORKING PARTY ON BEHALF OF THE U.K. DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ATOPIC DERMATITIS WORKING PARTY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 1, 1 July 1996, Pages 12–17, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-925.x Published: 01 July 1996 Article history Accepted: 29 November 1995 Published: 01 July 1996
NOT MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION STATUS ITSELF, BUT ITS FINAL HEMODYNAMIC CONSEQUENCE IS RELATED TO MYOCARDIAL SYSTOLIC FUNCTION IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: INTEGRATED APPROACH WITH ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Sahmin Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Seung-Pyo Lee, Yong-Jin Kim, Goo-Yeong Cho, Dae-Won Sohn, Byung-Hee Oh, Young-Bae Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Effect of Propranolol on Delayed Glucose Recovery After Insulin-induced Hypoglycemia in Normal and Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Jerry Kleinbaum, Harry Shamoon
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

In order to evaluate the influence of β-adrenergic blockade on recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia, we compared the effect of saline or propranolol infusion during concomitant hypoglycemia in normal and type I diabetic persons. The diabetic subjects were initially rendered euglycemic with a basal insulin infusion. Glucose turnover was measured using [3-3H]glucose tracer. Propranolol caused a small but significant delay in glucose recoveryin normal subjects, with plasma glucose only 80% of the values seen during saline infusion 1 h after hypoglycemia (P &amp;lt; 0.005). This delay was caused by a 70% reduction in the rebound glucose output, which was responsible for posthypoglycemic recovery. In the diabetic subjects, glucose recovery was significantly delayed as compared with that in normalpersons, even in the absence of propranolol, and associated with reduced secretion of epinephrine and glucagon. Moreover, the addition of propranolol caused a further 50% reduction in glucose recovery such that plasma glucose remained below 50 mg/dl for 3 h. In contrast to normals, propranolol did not inhibit the already blunted rebound in glucose output. However, propranolol prevented the decline in glucose utilization that occurred when saline alone was infused. During saline infusion, glucose uptake was at basal rates by 60 min whereas, during propranolol administration, glucose uptake remained above baseline until 180 min (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Thus, propranolol may interfere with glucose recovery after insulin-induced hypoglycemia in diabetic patients by blocking epinephrine's inhibition of glucose utilization whereas, in normals, propranolol's effect is largely accounted for by blockade of epinephrineinduced hepatic glucose production.
Contribution of Diabetes Duration Before Puberty to Development of Microvascular Complications in IDDM Subjects
Authors: Jill Norris Kostraba, Janice S Dorman, Trevor J Orchard, Dorothy J Becker, Yukashi Ohki, Demetrius Ellis, Bernard H Doft, Louis A Lobes, Ronald E LaPorte, Allan L Drash
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

The contribution of diabetes duration, both pre- and postpuberty, to the development of microvascular complications and mortality in diabetic subjects was investigated in three study populations from the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) Registry. Life-table analyses by total and postpubertal IDDM duration were used to evaluate differences in the prevalence of microvascular complications and diabetes-related mortality in subjects diagnosed before and during puberty, as defined by an age at IDDM onset marker of 11 yr for girls and 12 yr for boys. The prevalence of retinopathy and overt nephropathy in 552 White adult diabetic subjects (population 1, mean IDDM duration 20.8 yr) was significantly greater in subjects diagnosed during puberty compared with those diagnosed before puberty. However, similar analyses by postpubertal duration showed no difference in microvascular complication prevalence between the two groups. These findings did not appear to be due to a confounding effect of age. Additional analyses of 239 adolescent diabetic subjects (population 2, mean duration 8.3 yr) revealed the same trend for the prevalence of retinopathy. Finally, results concerning the risk of diabetes-related mortality in a cohort of 1582 subjects (population 3, mean duration 12.9 yr) indicated that postpubertal duration of IDDM may be a more accurate determinant of the development of microvascular complications and diabetes-related mortality than total duration, and it is suggested that the contribution of the prepubertal years of diabetes to long-term prognosis may be minimal.
Epilepsy: getting the diagnosis right
Authors: J W A S Sander, M F O'Donoghue
Journal: BMJ (1997)

without reference to patients' views, with no attempt to involve users in their planning and operation, and with limited efforts to assess patient satisfaction.Without evidence to support a need for uniform standards of service and care, and without a clear idea of what those standards should be, they are likely to maintain their independence of action, as practice rotas have always done.Uniformity is not necessarily a virtue in circumstances where needs and demands for care differ.The importance of flexibility in order to address local needs and circumstances, particularly where services are poor, lies at the heart of the recent government white paper on primary care. 18However, equality of access to uniformly high standards of care is an important goal for primary health care, and increasing variability in the organisation and delivery of out of hours services should not lead to increasing inequality.
THE TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS BY INJECTIONS OF IMMUNIZED BLOOD SERUM.
Authors: PAUL PAQUIN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Since the discovery of the specific nature of infectious and contagious maladies, many members of the medical profession have devoted their energies toward finding a specific treatment for each. Their efforts have been crowned with success in at least one of the most dreadful maladies of mankind, namely, diphtheria, and this was accomplished in the line of natural law. I have the pleasure to report that under the same law, I have obtained by experimentation and in therapeutics, very promising results in the treatment of tuberculosis. Following the researches of various foreign and American authorities on the action of certain physi
Syphilitic Diseases: Their Prevention, Study, and Treatment
Authors: J. E. Lane
Journal: BMJ (1899)

To the Editor of the "Daily Post."SIR,-I trust I may not be misunderstood if I do not reply to Mr. Lawson Tait's attack, but it is better to run this risk than to degrade the discus- sion into a personal squabble.I will only say that, with the assistance of my colleagues, I am doing
Supplementation with cow's milk at birth is not recommended
Authors: Sibylle Koletzko, Birgit Filipiak-Pittroff, Andrea von Berg, Armin Grübl, Joachim Heinrich, Ursula Krämer, H.-Erich Wichmann, Carl-Peter Bauer, Dietrich Reinhardt, Dietrich Berdel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Lapatinib as a component of neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive operable breast cancer (NSABP protocol B-41): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: André Robidoux, Gong Tang, Priya Rastogi, Charles E Geyer, Catherine A Azar, James N Atkins, Louis Fehrenbacher, Harry D Bear, Louis Baez-Diaz, Shakir Sarwar, Richard G Margolese, William B Farrar, Adam M Brufsky, Henry R Shibata, Hanna Bandos, Soonmyung Paik, Joseph P Costantino, Sandra M Swain, Eleftherios P Mamounas, Norman Wolmark
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
Smoking cessation officer is jailed in NHS fraud case
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A London primary care trust has admitted that its systems were “seriously flawed” in allowing a smoking cessation counsellor, who was paid by the number of people he helped to quit, to falsify his number of successes

Harry Singer, a former community adviser for the NHS’s smoking cessation service, was found guilty on 20 August of stealing £90 000 (€113 000; $165 000) from the NHS. He was convicted of 18 specimen charges of false accounting and sentenced to 18 months in prison by Blackfriars Crown Court.

Mr Singer was employed by Kensington and Chelsea Primary Care Trust between …
THE IMPACT OF NON-CYTOCHROME 3A4 METABOLIZED STATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH POST-CLOPIDOGREL PLATELET REACTIVITY
Authors: Young-Hoon Jeong, In-Suk Kim, Yongwhi Park, Seok-Jae Hwang, Choong Hwan Kwak, Jin-Yong Hwang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Q Fever With Lymphadenopathy on F-18 FDG PET
Authors: Kentaro Takanami, Tomohiro Kaneta, Tsutomu Tamada, Takayuki Yamada, Shuichi Higano, Shogo Yamada, Hiroshi Fukuda, Shoki Takahashi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A 22-year-old woman with a high fever of unknown origin underwent PET imaging that demonstrated intense uptake in a swollen abdominal lymph node. After treatment with antibiotics consisting of doxycycline and rifampicin, the fever went down and both the size and uptake in the lymph node also decreased. Later, the patient was serologically diagnosed to have acute Q fever. This report indicates that FDG PET/CT may be useful for identifying lymphadenopathy because of Q fever.
Abstract IA15: MicroRNA reprogramming in cancer: mechanisms and consequences
Authors: Joshua T. Mendell
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract miRNA gain- and loss-of-function can potently influence cellular behavior in normal physiologic states and in diseases such as cancer. The regulation of miRNA expression and activity by cellular signaling cascades can therefore result in dramatic phenotypic outputs. We previously demonstrated extensive control of miRNA expression by well-characterized oncogenic and tumor suppressor networks including the Myc, Kras, and p53 pathways. We are now employing novel mouse models with gain and loss of miRNA function to investigate the roles of the miRNAs embedded within these signaling pathways and the pathologic consequences when their functions are disrupted. Insights gained from these functional studies have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer and other pathologic states based on miRNA delivery. I will present our latest findings related to miRNA regulation in cancer and exploitation of these findings for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Citation Format: Joshua T. Mendell. MicroRNA reprogramming in cancer: mechanisms and consequences [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer; 2012 Jan 8-11; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA15.
The hidden curriculum
Authors: Kieran Walsh
Journal: BMJ (2005)

When I started working as a house officer there was no curriculum. One year later, the hospital where I worked had laid out a basic outline of what senior house officers should learn. We were to learn how basic sciences applied to medicine and clinical skills. But six months later, after many no-shows by tutors and trainers, we learnt that the curriculum was a dry piece of paper and nothing more. In contrast, the hidden curriculum was living …
Abstract P6-07-03: Risk classification of Early Stage Breast Cancer as Assessed by MammaPrint and Onco<i>type</i> DX Genomic Assays
Authors: KB Clough, B Poulet, F Jamshidian, S Butler, C Svedman, E Levy
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The 21-gene Oncotype DX® Recurrence Score® assay has been validated for prediction of 10-year risk of distant recurrence and likelihood of benefit from chemotherapy (CT) in patients (Pts) with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) early stage breast cancer (ESBC). MammaPrint® is a multi-gene assay that has been validated as a prognosticator in a heterogenous Pt population that includes ER+, ER−, triple negative and HER2+ Pts. While the development and validation cohorts for these genomic assays are significantly different, the tests are frequently believed to provide equivalent information. The aim of the present study was to assess how these tests classify patients when compared side by side in the same Pt specimen. Materials and methods: Pts with ER+, HER2−, ESBC in which the MammaPrint assay had been sent were identified at the Institut du Sein, Paris, France. Clinical and pathological characteristics and the MammaPrint results (failure, low or high risk) were collected. Oncotype DX quantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed at Genomic Health and was blinded to the clinical and MammaPrint data. Descriptive statistics were calculated for failure rates, cross classification, and tumor characteristics. Results: Informed consent and sufficient tumor material for analysis was available from 67 Pts who were predominantly low and intermediate risk by clinicopathologic features: Tumor grade- 24 low, 36 intermediate and 7 high; Histology- 49 ductal, 14 lobular and 4 other. MammaPrint analysis had failed to deliver result for 10 of the 67 Pts. Recurrence Score results were generated in all 67 Pts. The risk classification of the MammaPrint and Oncotype DX tests in the 57 patients where both results were available is presented in the Table below. Of note, there were only 2 high Recurrence Score results compared with 22 high risk MammaPrint results. Furthermore, 45% of the Pts with high risk MammaPrint result had a low Recurrence Score result; they also had high quantitative ER expression of more than 9.5 expression units by RT-PCR, which is associated with likely hormonal therapy benefit. There was no clear association between tumor characteristics and MammaPrint failure or differences in risk classification. Conclusions: This direct comparison demonstrates that the MammaPrint and Oncotype DX tests classify a large proportion of Pts differently. Of note, nearly half of the Pts with high risk MammaPrint result had a low Recurrence Score indicating minimal, if any, benefit from chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-07-03.
The Cost of Fetal Research: Ethical Considerations
Authors: Hans O. Tiefel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Abstract The purpose of this essay is to examine some ethical and legal aspects of nontherapeutic experimentation with living human fetuses, especially in the context of abortion. Key questions about such research subjects are the status of the fetus, the problem of consent, and the relations between means and ends. The case for considering the fetus a member of the human community, and therefore as endowed with certain rights, is based upon an appeal for consistency with the general evaluation of fetal life. Secondly, consent for nontherapeutic procedures cannot be based upon the analogy of parental rights, and, with rare exceptions, cannot be justified on any other grounds. Thirdly, both humanistic and religious traditions would object to nontherapeutic research with such subjects on the ground that a human being should never be a mere means to the needs of others. The conclusion, therefore, is that such experimentation with living human fetuses is morally unjustifiable. (N Engl J Med 294:85–90,1976)
Accuracy of measurements of the length of esophageal lesions: An experimental study
Authors: D. Polymeros, K. Triantafyllou, C. Tzathas, T. Emmanuel, E. Tsironi, S. Ladas
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de D. Polymeros et al., pp. 948Endoscopy 2007; 39(11): 1028-1028DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1308878
Ärztliche Aufklärungs- und Schweigepflicht
Authors: Norman Roberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Should diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, performed without informed consent, be classified any longer, legally, with the attack of a common cutthroat? Should one patient, who can prove negligent treatment, receive compensation, while another patient, who lacks proof, receives none? Can jurists evaluate the adequacy of informed consent? Should heads of departments be responsible for the professional errors of their resident physicians? Do communications remain confidential when known to many doctors, nurses, students, and social security personnel? If, in a socialist state, the interests of individual and society coincide, is there any need to preserve the concept of confidential communication? Doctors and jurists discussed these and related questions in a symposium in Germany. Socialist East Germany, revising its constitution and civil and criminal codes, plans two innovations: a legal code governing medical practice (<i>Ärztliches Berufsrecht</i>); and disciplinary commissions of physicians, each including a jurist, which will consider the medical technicalities and
Low-grade follicular lymphoma with t(14;18) presents a homogeneous disease entity otherwise the rest comprises minor groups of heterogeneous disease entities with Bcl2 amplification, Bcl6 translocation or other gene aberrances
Authors: Guo Y, Karube K, Kawano R, Yamaguchi T, Suzumiya J, Huang Gs, Ohshima K
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
The Natural History of Benign Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Cosimo Durante, Giuseppe Costante, Giuseppe Lucisano, Rocco Bruno, Domenico Meringolo, Alessandra Paciaroni, Efisio Puxeddu, Massimo Torlontano, Salvatore Tumino, Marco Attard, Livia Lamartina, Antonio Nicolucci, Sebastiano Filetti
Journal: JAMA (2015)

IMPORTANCE Detection of asymptomatic thyroid nodules has increased.Consensus is lacking regarding the optimal follow-up of cytologically proven benign lesions and sonographically nonsuspicious nodules.Current guidelines recommend serial ultrasound examinations and reassessment of cytology if significant growth is observed.OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency, magnitude, and factors associated with changes in thyroid nodule size.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective, multicenter, observational study involving 992 consecutive patients with 1 to 4 asymptomatic, sonographically or cytologically benign thyroid nodules.Patients were recruited from 8 hospital-based thyroid-disease referral centers in Italy between 2006 and 2008.Data collected during the first 5 years of follow-up, through January 2013, were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESBaseline nodule growth (primary end point) was assessed with yearly thyroid ultrasound examinations.Size changes were considered significant for growth if an increase of 20% or more was recorded in at least 2 nodule diameters, with a minimum increase of 2 mm.Baseline factors associated with growth were identified.Secondary end points were the sonographic detection of new nodules and the diagnosis of thyroid cancer during follow-up. RESULTSNodule growth occurred in 153 patients (15.4% [95% CI, 14.3%-16.5%]).One hundred seventy-four of the 1567 original nodules (11.1% [95% CI, 10.3%-11.9%])increased in size, with a mean 5-year largest diameter increase of 4.9 mm (95% CI, 4.2-5.5 mm), from 13.2 mm (95% CI, 12.1-14.2mm) to 18.1 mm (95% CI, 16.7-19.4mm).Nodule growth was associated with presence of multiple nodules (OR, 2.2 [95% CI 1.4-3.4]for 2 nodules; OR, 3.2 [95% CI, 1.8-5.6 for 3 nodules; and OR, 8.9 [95% CI, 4.4-18.0]for 4 nodules), main nodule volumes larger than 0.2 mL (OR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.7-4.9]for volumes >0.2 to <1 mL and OR, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.8-5.1]for volumes Ն1 mL), and male sex (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1-2.6]),whereas an age of 60 years or older was associated with a lower risk of growth than age younger than 45 years (OR, 0.5 [95% CI 0.3-0.9]).In 184 individuals (18.5% [95% CI, 16.4%-20.9%]),nodules shrank spontaneously.Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 5 original nodules (0.3% [95% CI, 0.0%-0.6%]).Only 2 had grown.An incidental cancer was found at thyroidectomy in a nonvisualized nodule.New nodules developed in 93 patients (9.3% [95% CI, 7.5%-11.1%]),with detection of one cancer.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with asymptomatic, sonographically or cytologically benign thyroid nodules, the majority of nodules exhibited no significant size increase during 5 years of follow-up and thyroid cancer was rare.These findings support consideration of revision of current guideline recommendations for follow-up of asymptomatic thyroid nodules.
Recent developments in plastic surgery
Authors: D Johnson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Misconceptions still abound that plastic surgeons are predominantly cosmetic surgeons. Plastic surgery is a technique based specialty with the aim of reconstructing tissue so that patients gain normal function and appearance. As a result plastic surgery encompasses a vast range (see box and bmj.com). Our review focuses on advances in surgical techniques, technical and biological advances (see also bmj.com), and changes in the organisation of plastic surgery, with its intergration with other specialties.

### Conditions treated by plastic surgeons

We selected topics for review by searching Medline from 1 January 1998 and by reviewing abstracts from the past four annual meetings of the British and American Associations of Plastic Surgeons, the Congress of the International Confederation of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, and the International Society of Craniofacial Surgeons.

### Microvascular free tissue transfer

The development of microsurgical techniques has made it possible to replant severed body parts, ranging from whole limbs to fingertips, by anastomosing the divided blood vessels along with nerves and other injured structures. Success depends on the mechanism of injury (clean cuts do better than crush injuries), the correct management of the amputated part (keeping it cool but not frozen), prompt surgery (ideally within a few hours of injury), and the skill of the microsurgeon.

### Recent developments

Microvascular free tissue transfer is part of routine plastic surgical practice

Surgical advances in microvascular free tissue transfer have focused on reducing morbidity at the donor site

A range of technological and biological advances promise to lead to improvements in the management of nerve injury, skin cancers, and wounds

Pioneering surgery involving neuroelectric stimulation of limb muscles in tetraplegic patients can restore hand function

The integration of plastic surgery into hospital practice has paralleled a multidisciplinary approach to …