tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In vitro cell injury by oxidized low density lipoprotein involves lipid hydroperoxide-induced formation of alkoxyl, lipid, and peroxyl radicals.
Authors: M D Coffey, R A Cole, S M Colles, G M Chisolm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Mounting evidence supports current theories linking lipoprotein oxidation to atherosclerosis. We sought the cellular biochemical mechanism by which oxidized LDL inflicts cell injury. Inhibitors of candidate pathways of cell death were used to treat human fibroblast target cells exposed to oxidized LDL.. Ebselen, which degrades lipid hydroperoxides, inhibited oxidized LDL toxicity, consistent with our recent report that 7 beta-hydroperoxycholesterol (7 beta-OOH chol) is the major cytotoxin of oxidized LDL. Intracellular chelation of metal ions inhibited, while preloading cells with iron enhanced, toxicity, Inhibition of oxidized LDL and 7 beta-OOH chol toxicity by 2-keto-4-thiolmethyl butyric acid, a putative alkoxyl radical scavenger and by vitamin E, probucol and diphenylphenylenediamine, putative scavengers of peroxyl radicals was consistent with the involvement of these radicals in the lethal sequence. Cell death was thus postulated to occur due to lipid peroxidation via a sequence involving lipid hydroperoxide-induced, iron-mediated formation of alkoxyl, lipid, and peroxyl radicals. Pathways involving other reactive oxygen species, new protein synthesis, or altered cholesterol metabolism were considered less likely, since putative inhibitors failed to lessen toxicity. Understanding the mechanism of cell injury by oxidized LDL and its toxic moiety, 7 beta-OOH chol, may indicate specific interventions in the cell injury believed to accompany vascular lesion development.
THE THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF VALERIAN
Authors: J. S. Manson
Journal: BMJ (1928)

TiLE niewver claims of the various forms of psychotherapy for the treatment of the nieuiroses are likely to cause the older metlhods to fall into disiuse, eve into contminpt.Like Afacbetl, tlhe psychotherapist wouIld ' throw plhysic to the d(ogs," anid it is witlh tlhe view of sayinig something in favour of -aleriani therapy-perhaps the oldest of all the mllethods of treating the nieuroses-tlhat I venitture to con- tribute this short paper.In 1904 when a :3tudeilt in the matcria iniedica class at Edinibuirghl UTniivesity I remember that Sir Thomas Fraser stated that the therapeutic, value of valerian lay chiefly in
Reversible Functional Asplenia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: NITIN KAMDAR, ITALO ZANZI, STEVEN KROOP, RICHARD FURIE, DONALD MARGOULEFF
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A 44-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus on no steroid or immunosuppressive medication presented in septic shock complicated by renal failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient was treated with antibiotics. Liver-spleen scintigraphy with Tc-99m albumin colloid initially failed to reveal tracer accumulation in the spleen. Follow-up study after one year revealed normal tracer uptake in the spleen. The transient blockade of reticuloendothelial system by immune complexes is the most likely mechanism. Other possible mechanisms include disturbed vascular supply due to thrombosis secondary to the disseminated intravascular coagulation or vasculitis.
Abstract 1239: Characterization of the response of human T cells to an agonist human anti-CD27 mAb.
Authors: Karuna Sundarapandiyan, Laura Vitale, Biwei Zhao, Thomas O'Neill, Henry Marsh, Venky Ramakrishna, Tibor Keler
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract CD27, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor super family (TNFRSF), is constitutively expressed on the majority of mature T cells, memory B cells, and a portion of NK cells. Previously we have reported antitumor and immunological properties of the fully human anti-CD27 mAb 1F5 in huCD27 transgenic mouse models. Here we report the 1F5-induced immune modulation of isolated human T cells. In vitro activation of peripheral blood-derived T cells from different healthy volunteers with mAb 1F5 showed that crosslinking of CD27 in the presence of CD3 stimulation (OKT3 mAb) was essential to elicit proliferation and a broad spectrum of cytokine release. Analysis of this response on a multiplex cytokine array system revealed a Th1-biased cytokine profile (IFNγ, IL-2 and TNFα). Interestingly, IL-13 was the only major Th2 cytokine that was detected in large amounts. Furthermore, activation of isolated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells showed both subsets contributed to the IL-13 secretion with higher secretion amounts detected in the CD4+ T cell cultures. Altogether, the data suggest an agonistic role for 1F5 characterized predominantly by a defined antigen-receptor coupled Th1 effector response. IL-13, which appears later after stimulation may represent immune regulatory modulation as has been described in activation of the related 4-1BB co-stimulation pathway. Transcriptional profiling by microarray RNA hybridization is underway to map specific and global gene expression changes following 1F5 modulation of T cells. Citation Format: Karuna Sundarapandiyan, Laura Vitale, Biwei Zhao, Thomas O'Neill, Henry Marsh, Venky Ramakrishna, Tibor Keler. Characterization of the response of human T cells to an agonist human anti-CD27 mAb. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1239. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1239
Blast phase of essential thrombocythemia: A single center study
Authors: Francesco Passamonti, Elisa Rumi, Luca Arcaini, Chiara Elena, Carlo Castagnola, Patrizia Zappasodi, Paolo Bernasconi, Daniela Pietra, Cristiana Pascutto, Mario Cazzola, Mario Lazzarino
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Abstract Blast phase (BP) may occur as a late event in essential thrombocythemia (ET). This study includes 19patients with post‐ET BP diagnosed and followed in a single institution. At BP, 63% of patients had leukocytosis (white blood cell count &gt;10 × 10 9 /L), 74% had anemia (hemoglobin value &lt;10 g/dL), 74% had thrombocytopenia (platelet count &lt;100 × 10 9 /L), and 84% were over 65 years of age. Cytogenetic analysis was available in 10 patients: six had karyotype aberrations. According to cytogenetic‐based risk stratification of de novo acute leukemia (AL), all patients had an unfavorable profile. JAK2 (V617F) mutational status was evaluated in five patients. In two of them, the JAK2 mutation was undetectable in blast cells (one with JAK2 ‐positive ET), whereas in three both granulocytes and blast cells displayed the mutation. Treatment of BP was patient‐based according to the performance status and co‐morbidities and consisted of palliation in 14 patients, and of induction of remission in five. Median survival was 2.3 months (range 0.2–22.3), irrespective of the treatment received. In conclusion, this study indicates that AL evolved from ET has unfavorable clinical and biological features. JAK2 (V617F)‐positive ET may evolve in few instances into JAK2 ‐negative leukemia. The outcome of patients is poor whatever the treatment used. Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Update in Cardiology: Evidence Published in 2014
Authors: Daniel A. Steinhaus, Peter J. Zimetbaum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Updates5 May 2015Update in Cardiology: Evidence Published in 2014Daniel A. Steinhaus, MD and Peter J. Zimetbaum, MDDaniel A. Steinhaus, MDFrom Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this author and Peter J. Zimetbaum, MDFrom Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0272 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail This update summarizes key articles in cardiovascular disease published in 2014. We selected these articles for their novelty, potential effects on clinical practice, and general interest for physicians in internal medicine practice. New studies of antiplatelet therapy helped guide both primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease. Ongoing research has established the benefits of colchicine in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis. New guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation were also practice-changing. Novel medical therapies are anticipated for heart failure (neprilysin inhibition) and hyperlipidemia (anti–proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9). However, new therapies for heart failure with preserved systolic function ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M15-0272.Corresponding Author: Peter Zimetbaum, MD, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 185 Pilgrim Road, Baker 4, Boston, MA 02215; e-mail, [email protected]harvard.edu.Current Author Addresses: Drs. Steinhaus and Zimetbaum: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 185 Pilgrim Road, Baker 4, Boston, MA 02215.Author Contributions: Conception and design: D.A. Steinhaus, P.J. Zimetbaum.Analysis and interpretation of the data: D.A. Steinhaus.Drafting of the article: D.A. Steinhaus, P.J. Zimetbaum.Critical revision of the article for important intellectual content: D.A. Steinhaus, P.J. Zimetbaum.Final approval of the article: D.A. Steinhaus, P.J. Zimetbaum.Collection and assembly of data: D.A. Steinhaus.This article was published online first at www.annals.org on 30 April 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 May 2015Volume 162, Issue 9Page: W86-W90KeywordsAntiplatelet therapyAtrial fibrillationColchicineEjection fractionHeart failureMyocardial infarction ePublished: 5 May 2015 Issue Published: 5 May 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A second-person neuroscience in interaction
Authors: Leonhard Schilbach, Bert Timmermans, Vasudevi Reddy, Alan Costall, Gary Bente, Tobias Schlicht, Kai Vogeley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract In this response we address additions to as well as criticisms and possible misinterpretations of our proposal for a second-person neuroscience. We map out the most crucial aspects of our approach by (1) acknowledging that second-person engaged interaction is not the only way to understand others, although we claim that it is ontogenetically prior; (2) claiming that spectatorial paradigms need to be complemented in order to enable a full understanding of social interactions; and (3) restating that our theoretical proposal not only questions the mechanism by which a cognitive process comes into being, but asks whether it is at all meaningful to speak of a mechanism and a cognitive process when it is confined to intra-agent space. We address theoretical criticisms of our approach by pointing out that while a second-person social understanding may not be the only mechanism, alternative approaches cannot hold their ground without resorting to second-person concepts, if not in the expression, certainly in the development of social understanding. In this context, we also address issues of agency and intentionality, theoretical alternatives, and clinical implications of our approach.
William Wilkin Davey
Authors: Catherine Davey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former surgeon England, Nigeria, and Australia (b Northern Ireland 1912; q Belfast 1935; FRCSI, FRCS), d 30 May 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Will Davey wrote the first textbook on surgery in tropical countries, Companion to Surgery in Africa. After the second world war, during which he served in the Royal Air Force and was the first surgeon to land in Normandy on D Day, he became consultant surgeon at the Whittington Hospital, London. His teaching skills led to an invitation to go to Nigeria to become the first professor of surgery at the University College, Ibadan. Will moved to Australia in 1969 and set up as a surgeon in general practice. He leaves a wife, Gill; five children; and 10 grandchildren.
Reviews and Notes: Cancer of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 December 1995Reviews and Notes: Cancer of the Colon, Rectum, and AnusSidney Cohen, MDSidney Cohen, MDTemple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19140Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-11-199512010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail AM Cohen and S Winawer; eds. 1154 pages. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1995. $125.00. ISBN 0-07-011-6016. Order phone 800-262-4729.The most treatable gastrointestinal malignancy is that of the large intestine. This fact has led to extensive clinical investigation as well as the development of patient-screening strategies. To address this important area, the authors of Cancer of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus recruited an outstanding group of contributors, each writing in the area of his or her expertise.The text is comprehensive, detailed, and well focused. Chapter topics include genetics, pathology, molecular biology, screening strategies, and treatment. All aspects of colorectal cancer ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19140 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1995Volume 123, Issue 11Page: 895KeywordsAnusCancer treatmentColorectal cancerGenetic testingHereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancerLarge intestineMolecular biologyMolecular pathologyRectumSurgeons ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of platelets and platelet inhibitors in aortocoronary artery vein-graft disease.
Authors: V Fuster, J H Chesebro
Journal: Circulation (1986)

To study the prevention of occlusion of aortocoronary-artery bypass grafts, we conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial comparing long-term administration of dipyridamole (begun 2 days before operation) plus aspirin (begun 7 hr after operation) with placebo in 407 patients. Results at 1 month and at 1 year showed a reduction in the rate of graft occlusion in patients receiving dipyridamole and aspirin. On the basis of our clinical trial and our experimental studies in dogs and pigs, we describe four consecutive phases of aortocoronary artery bypass vein-graft disease: an early postoperative phase of platelet thrombotic occlusion, which is significantly prevented by platelet inhibitor therapy when started in the perioperative period; in addition, occlusion rates are presently decreasing, perhaps related to better surgical and technical experience; an intermediate phase of platelet-related intimal hyperplasia, within the first postoperative year, which is not prevented with platelet inhibitor therapy; a late phase of occlusion, toward the end of the first postoperative year, in which intimal hyperplasia or complicating platelet thrombi superimposed on the intimal hyperplasia may contribute to occlusion; platelet inhibitor therapy is of significant benefit in the prevention of this thrombotic type of occlusion; a phase of atherosclerotic disease, after the first postoperative year, in which the role of platelets and of platelet inhibitor therapy is under investigation.
Dependency of Muscle Capillary Basement Membrane Thickness on the Duration of Diabetes
Authors: Elmar A Siess, Heike E Näthke, Thomas Dexel, Manfred Haslbeck, Hellmut Mehnert, Otto H Wieland
Journal: Diabetes Care (1979)

Skeletal muscle biopsy specimens were obtained for measuring capillary basement membrane width from 63 male patients with juvenile, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and from 17 healthy controls. Each sample was divided into two portions: one fixed in osmium tetroxide and the other in glutaraldehyde. Measurements were made both of average basement membrane width (BMT) using the multiple measurement techniques of Siperstein et al. and of minimum basement membrane width using the technique of Williamson et al. With both methods, basement membrane thickness appeared to be a function of duration of diabetes.
867 ESTROGEN RECEPTOR EXPRESSION BY PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: A. Takahashi, F. Katsushima, K. Monoe, Y. Kanno, H. Saito, K. Abe, H. Ohira
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Quality of Life in Head and Neck Cancer Patients After Treatment With High-Dose Radiotherapy Alone or in Combination With Cetuximab
Authors: Desmond Curran, Jordi Giralt, Paul M. Harari, K. Kian Ang, Roger B. Cohen, Merrill S. Kies, Jacek Jassem, José Baselga, Eric K. Rowinsky, Nadia Amellal, Sylvie Comte, James A. Bonner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose In this randomized, phase III study, quality of life (QoL) was assessed in patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) after high-dose radiotherapy alone or in combination with cetuximab. Patients and Methods Patients with stage III or IV nonmetastatic and measurable squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx were eligible. QoL was assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC QLQ Head and Neck Cancer–Specific Module at baseline, week 4, and at months 4, 8, and 12 postbaseline. Results In this study, one of the largest conducted in a population of patients with locoregionally advanced SCCHN, 424 patients received radiotherapy alone (213 patients) or radiotherapy plus cetuximab (211 patients). Radiotherapy/cetuximab significantly improved locoregional control (P = .005) and overall survival (P = .03) compared with radiotherapy alone, without significantly increasing radiotherapy-associated adverse events. The current analysis focused on the impact of cetuximab on the QoL. Compliance with completion of QoL questionnaires was high in both arms. QoL worsened during treatment and improved after cessation of treatment, reaching baseline levels at 12 months. There were no significant differences in QoL scores between the treatment arms. This was particularly notable for global health status/QoL, social functioning, social eating, and social contact. Pretreatment global health status/QoL was identified as a significant prognostic variable in these patients. Conclusion The addition of cetuximab to radiotherapy significantly improved locoregional control and increased overall survival without adversely affecting QoL.
The effects of allergens in outdoor air on both atopic and nonatopic subjects with airway disease
Authors: P. G. J. Burney, R. B. Newson, M. S. Burrows, D. M. Wheeler
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Reports on air pollution and asthma exacerbations have been inconsistent, although effects of airborne allergen can be spectacular. With no generalized test for allergen in air, it is not known how far allergen is responsible for nonepidemic exacerbations of the disease.Two hundred and ninety-seven patients using bronchodilators aged 18-64 years attending a London practice provided serum samples and were asked to report any acute respiratory events over the coming months. Small particles with a mean aerodynamic diameter <10 microm (PM(10)) were collected using a high volume sampler on the roof of the practice. The ability of airborne particles to bind IgE from the patients was compared for particles sampled on the weekend before their reported exacerbation with particles sampled on the weekend 2 weeks before or after.Exacerbations were associated with a 25% increase in IgE binding to particles collected on the previous weekend compared with the control weekends (95% confidence interval: 10-43%; P = 0.00089). This increase was not higher in patients with positive skin tests or in those sensitized to grass or tree pollens.Airborne allergen is an important cause of exacerbations even in those with 'intrinsic' asthma. It is important to identify the allergens responsible, as some of these may be controllable. Interpretation of associations of asthma exacerbations with other air pollutants is difficult in the light of these findings.
Jews and Medicine
Authors: D. L. Freeman
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract LB-396: FGFR4-antagonistic CovX-Body™ inhibits tumor growth
Authors: Allan A. Kaspar, Dingguo Liu, Janet Do, Oscar Betancourt, Bin Liu, Joel Desharnais, Joselyn Del Rosario, Lingna Li, Steven Pirie-Shepherd, Nancy Levin, Abhijit Bhat, Gary Woodnutt, Rodney Lappe
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract FGFR4 is the receptor for FGF19. Published data has shown FGF19 transgenic animals develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), suggesting that the FGFR4:FGF19 axis may play a role in HCC. FGFR4 upregulation has been shown to be a negative prognostic indicator in multiple tumor types. CVX-63, an FGFR4-specific CovX-Body, was produced by fusing a chemically modified peptide to the specific Fab binding site of a specially designed antibody. CVX-63 was shown to inhibit FGF19 binding to FGFR4 in a competition ELISA with an IC50 of 10 nM, and had no cross reactivity with FGFR1–3. CVX-63 has a beta half life of 55 hrs in the mouse. The anti-tumor activity of CVX-63 was demonstrated in a staged Colo-205 xenograft model, with CVX-63 administered i.v. weekly. Maximal activity of 30% tumor growth inhibition was seen at dosing 10 mg/kg. Immunohistochemistry analysis of treated tumors shows a &amp;gt;90% reduction in phospho-ERK and 50% downregulation of FGFR4 on tumor cells. Ki67, a marker of proliferation was reduced, but active caspase 3 was not found in treated tumors. A patient-derived HCC xenograft was identified which expresses both FGFR4 and FGF19. When tested in this HCC model, CVX-63 did not show any effect inhibiting tumor growth. These data demonstrate that CVX-63 effectively inhibits FGFR4 activity in xenografts. FGFR4 inhibition has a modest effect on human tumor progression and FGFR4 does not seem to be a critical driver of HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-396. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-396