tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Germline variants of IRGM in childhood-onset Crohn's disease
Authors: J Van Limbergen, R K Russell, E R Nimmo, H E Drummond, D. G, D C Wilson, J Satsangi
Journal: Gut (2009)

Genetic association of the autophagy genes, autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) and immunity-related GTPase family, M (IRGM), has been confirmed by meta-analysis of three index genome-wide association studies (GWASs), and in other independent studies in adult-onset Crohn’s disease, but not ulcerative colitis.1–5 While the meta-analysis implicated a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs11747270) based on imputed data from the constituent GWAS with odds ratio (OR) 1.33, other studies have replicated the IRGM signal based on rs13361189 and rs4958847. Recently, rs13361189, upstream of IRGM, was shown to be in perfect linkage disequilibrium with a 20 kb deletion polymorphism affecting the expression of IRGM (and cellular autophagy) in a tissue-specific manner.5

We read with interest the letter by Peterson et al ( Gut 2008; 57 :1336–7) which suggested association of IRGM with childhood-onset Crohn’s disease in a North American cohort. Only one of the two IRGM variants studied (rs13361189) was weakly associated with Crohn’s disease in their study …
Te Linde's Operative Gynecology
Authors: Dave E. David
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<i>Te Linde's Operative Gynecology</i>has outdone itself once again. Te Linde himself died the year he wrote the foreword, but his legacy lives on in the seventh edition. The 46 chapters are by authors familiar to us all. Generally, surgical texts do not require updates very frequently, but this book justifies a new edition, not only because of new and changing surgical procedures, but also because it deals with more than just surgery. For example, there is an excellent chapter on professional liability by a<i>juris doctor</i>. The chapter on preoperative concerns includes material on universal precautions against human immunodeficiency virus transmission and related entities. In contrast to most surgical texts, there is even a chapter on psychological aspects of pelvic surgery. Since the 1985 edition, there have been new products and methods for hemostasis, suture material, antibiotics, lasers, and technologies such as intermittent sequential pneumatic compression, all of which
Making the Most of Pap Testing
Authors: Alan M. Garber
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The First Tianjin, China Forum on Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Evan T. Keller, Lu-Yuan Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Although it is well recognized that the tumor microenvironment plays a key role in regulating tumor progression, the mechanisms through which this occurs need to be defined. Current international research activities toward defining the role of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression were the subject of the first Tianjin Forum on Tumor Microenvironment held at Nankai University in Tianjin, China, July 2 to 4, 2010. The importance of variety of processes, such as inflammation and angiogenesis, in the role of tumor progression was described for multiple tumor types including breast, prostate, and hepatic cancers, as well as the process of bone metastasis. Identification of novel signaling pathways that impact both angiogenesis and bone remodeling were presented. Several themes emerged from this meeting, such as: (i) tumor cells modify the microenvironment to enhance their own survival and progression; (ii) targeting host factors, in addition to targeting tumor cells, will have important therapeutic effects; and (iii) host cells distribution within the tumor has both prognostic and therapeutic significance. Several priorities for future research were defined including use of a systems biology approach to define the role of host factors in tumor progression, to define the importance of targeting both arms of the bone remodeling process for therapy of bone metastasis, and to determine how different cell subsets contribute to microenvironment-mediated regulation of tumor progression. Cancer Res; 71(2); 310–3. ©2011 AACR.
Subdural Hematoma in Regularly Hemodialyzed Patients
Authors: WILFRIDO M. SY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1975Subdural Hematoma in Regularly Hemodialyzed PatientsWILFRIDO M. SY, M.D.WILFRIDO M. SY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-3-432_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Leonard and Shapiro (Ann Intern Med 82:650-658, 1975) emphasized the occurrence of subdural hematoma as an important and not too rare complication in the chronically dialyzed patient who manifests what is sometimes commonly regarded as disequilibrium symptoms related to dialysis. However, the statements regarding the use of brain scanning in subdural hematoma, although based understandably on the low positive yield in their patients, do not seem to reflect more current data and the true usefulness of this noninvasive modality in this particular entity.The authors have quoted that false-negative results on brain scan...References1. COWAN R, MAYNARD C, and LASSITER K: Technetium-99m pertechnetate brain scans in the detection of subdural hematomas: a study of the age of the lesion as related to the development of a positive scan. J Neurosurg 32:30-34, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. COWAN R and MAYNARD C: Trauma to the brain and extracranial structures. Semin Nucl Med 4:319-388, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GILDAY D, ASH J, and MILNE N: Dural fluid collections in infants and children. Radiology 114:367-372, 1972 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. SY W, WEINBERGER G, and NGO N: Imaging patterns of subdural hematoma—a proposed classification. J Nucl Med 15:693-698, 1974 MedlineGoogle Scholar5. HOPKINS G and KRISTENSEN K: Rapid sequential scintiphotography in the radionuclide detection of subdural hematomas. J Nucl Med 14:288-290, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar1. TSAI S: Techniques of nuclear medicine in the diagnosis of trauma. CRU Rev Rad Nucl Med 5:495, 1974 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WILFRIDO M. SY, M.D.Affiliations: The Brooklyn Hospital Brooklyn-Cumberland Medical Center 121 DeKalb Avenue Brooklyn, New York 11201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRadionuclide evaluation in childhood injuries 1 September 1975Volume 83, Issue 3Page: 432-433KeywordsBrainDisequilibriumMedical dialysis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Arterial hypertension developing 10 years after radiotherapy for Wilms's tumour.
Authors: O Koskimies
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Three patients developed arterial hypertension more than 10 years after receiving irradiation for Wilm's tumour. Scattered radiation appeared to have caused changes in the remaining kidney which were not severe enough to inhibit compensatory hypertrophy but which produced a rise in blood pressure at a later date. Since arterial hypertension appears to be a delayed complication of radiotherapy which is easily detected and controlled and can occur at any age long-term surveillance after successful treatment of malignant tumours in childhood is necessary.
UK doctors breach guidance on persistent vegetative state
Authors: K. Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors' views on the management of patients in a persistent vegetative state conflict with official guidelines, says a report published last week.

The report, produced by the Centre of Medical Law and Ethics, King's College, London, is the first large scale survey of the views of UK doctors on this subject. Of the 1882 consultants in neurosurgery, neurology, orthopaedic surgery, and rehabilitation medicine who were contacted, 1027 replied.

The results showed that over 90% of doctors who replied said that it can be appropriate not to treat acute infections and life threatening conditions in patients in a persistent vegetative state. Almost three quarters said that it was sometimes appropriate to withdraw artificial …
Allergenic composition of the mite <i>Suidasia medanensis</i> and cross‐reactivity with <i>Blomia tropicalis</i>
Authors: L. Puerta, A. Lagares, D. Mercado, E. Fernández‐Caldas, L. Caraballo
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: Mites of the genus Suidasia are commonly found in house dust and may play an allergenic role in exposed populations. However, the allergenic potential and clinical impact of this genus has not been well established. The main objective of this project was to evaluate the allergenic role of the mite Suidasia medanensis . Methods: An extract of S. medanensis was prepared and the allergen composition determined by immunoblot. Specific IgE antibody levels to S. medanensis and Blomia tropicalis were evaluated by radioallergosorbent (RAST) in the sera of 97 allergic asthmatic patients and 50 nonallergic subjects. Cross‐reactivity between S. medanensis and the mite species B. tropicalis and Dermatophagoides farinae was investigated by RAST and immunoblot inhibitions. Results: Seventy‐one asthmatic patients sera (73.2%) had positive IgE reactivity to S. medanensis ; 14 allergens with molecular weights ranging from 7.5 to 105 kDa were detected. The most frequently detected had molecular weights of 30–31 (54.8%), 24.5 (42%), 21 (38.7%), 47 (35%) and 58 kDa (35.5%). Blomia tropicalis extract inhibited IgE binding to nine of these identified allergens. Four B. tropicalis allergens were inhibited by S. medanensis extract. RAST inhibition results demonstrated a high degree of inhibition by B. tropicalis (87.2%) and D. farinae (90.9%) than by S. medanensis (32%). Conclusions: Sensitization to S. medanensis is common in asthmatic allergy patients in Cartagena. An important degree of cross‐reactivity was established between S. medanensis and B. tropicalis , and D. farinae .
OBSERVATIONS ON THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF CHOREA MINOR
Authors: LOUIS C. SCHROEDER
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Group I, II, III or IV.It is clear, since a Group I crossed with a Group I gives rise to groups other than itself, that it is unreasonable to contend that a Group I crossed with a Group II or Group III should not result in children in either Group I, II, III or IV.The groups possible in the offspring of any union depend on the groups present in the previous generations, and the heterozygous or homozygous status of the parents of the generation under consideration.The blood groups possible from unions of Group III with Group III are undetermined, as there are not sufficient families on record in which this cross has been studied to justify any statements.From a study of the families in which it has been found that unions of Group II may result in children in Group I, and that unions of Group I may result in children in Group II, the suspicion has been aroused, since Group I parentage may transmit a Group III to the children, that Group III parents may transmit a Group I to the children.More crosses of Group III with Group III must be studied. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FAILURE OF THE CRITERIA OF OTTENBERGThe criteria of Ottenberg are built up on the belief that unions of Group I can breed only Group I chil¬ dren ; and, when that belief is shown to be false, the theory on which he based his conclusions becomes untenable.The theory is still more erroneous in light of the knowledge of the segregative properties of the germ plasm.Ottenberg contends, as do many others, that Group IV is the result of the union of certain specific substances on which Groups II and III depend.If this theory is correct, if the blood group is heredi¬ tary, and if the theory of heredity is correct, all unions of Group IV, because of the segregative function of
Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Carcinoma
Authors: Loebat Kamalpour, Renata T. Brindise, Michael Nodzenski, Daniel Q. Bach, Emir Veledar, Murad Alam
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Evidence-based treatment guidelines are not available for primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma (PCMC). <h3>Objective</h3> To assess outcomes associated with surgical treatment of PCMC. <h3>Data Sources</h3> MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and Embase from 1952 to 2010. Search terms were “primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma,” “primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the skin,” “primary mucinous sweat-gland carcinoma,” and “endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma.” <h3>Study Selection</h3> Articles describing primary data on treatment (ie, case reports, case series, and cohort studies) of any patients with PCMC. A total of 116 articles were identified, with 90 of these assessed for eligibility and 87 used for final analysis. <h3>Data Extraction and Synthesis</h3> Each case was verified to be of primary cutaneous origin by 2 observers. Histopathologic descriptions were confirmed to be consistent with PCMC. Extracted fields included age, sex, race, lesion duration, tumor diameter, method of treatment, follow-up, and whether the lesion recurred or metastasized. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Outcomes were dichotomized into good and bad depending on the presence of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine significant factors for predicting bad outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred fifty-nine cases of PCMC, of whom 54.7% were male and 77.2% were white, with mean (SD) age 63.5 (13.2) years, were analyzed. Most had been treated with traditional surgical excision (85.5%), with only 9.4% of cases treated with Mohs surgery. Older (odds ratio [OR], 0.93;<i>P</i> = .04) and Asian (OR, 0.02;<i>P</i> = .01) patients had relatively better postsurgical outcomes. Larger tumors (OR, 6.71;<i>P</i> = .14), those persistent for longer prior to surgery (OR, 1.02;<i>P</i> = .11), and those located on the trunk (OR, 103.24;<i>P</i> = .005) also were associated with poorer outcomes. Limitations included reliance on case report data. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Patient demographic characteristics and tumor-specific features may provide predictive information regarding the risk of postsurgical recurrence and metastasis after treatment of PCMC.
Cardiovascular researcher fabricated data in studies of red wine
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A leading researcher on the beneficial properties of resveratrol, a compound found in the skin of red grapes, has been found guilty of 145 counts of fabrication and falsification of data, an investigation has found. 

The University of Connecticut Health Center reached its conclusion after a three year investigation of Dipak Das, a professor and director of its cardiovascular research centre. It has posted on its website a 49 page summary of the investigation, which runs to nearly 60 000 pages.

The university has frozen all externally funded research in Dr Das’s laboratory and declined to accept an additional $890 000 (£580 000; €700 000) in funding …
Abstract 442: CD10 positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have chemoresistant and radioresistant properties.
Authors: Takahito Fukusumi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Despite recent advances in the understanding of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the development of novel therapeutic targets, five-year survival rates for HNSCC have not improved in more than three decades. Prognosis for recurrent or metastatic HNSCC remains poor. Thus, it is important for improvement of HNSCC therapy, to research therapeutic resistant mechanism. We found CD10 positive HNSCC cells have chemoresistant and radioresistant properties. Materials and Methods: In order to investigate HNSCC chemoresistant and radioresistant properties, we used Lyoplate (company:BD).This reagent contains 242 purified monoclonal antibodies to cell surface markers and can be used for screening cells with flow cytometry. First, in three HNSCC cell lines, we compared cell surface antigen expression patterns to normal cultured cells, temporarily cisplatin exprosured cells and irradiated cells. Result: We found four cell surface markers that upragulated in cisplatin exprosured cells and irradiated cells. These are CD10, CD15s, CD146, CD282. Next, we compered these expression pattern to normal cultured cells and cisplatinresistant cells. CD10 and CD282 was upregulated. Focused on CD10, we performed cisplatin MTT assay. CD10 positive cells had more resistant property than CD10 negative cells. Conclusion: CD10 is a cell surface zinc-dependent metalloendopeptidase, which is expressed in a wide variety of normal cells. CD10 is also expressed by several solid tumors such as melanoma and several carcinomas originating from kidney, lung, skin, pancreas, prostate, liver, breast, stomach, cervix, and bladder. Several studies have shown that CD10 might be a good marker for differentiating between primary tumors and derived metastases, and therefore for evaluating tumor progression. In HNSCC, only one report demonstrated role of CD10 in the differentiation and growth of neoplastic cells and concluded that CD10 expression can have an important role in the tumor invasion, metastases. Our date is first report that CD10 positive HNSCC have chemoresisitant and radioresistant properties. This result may correlate with CD10 positive HNSCC has invasive and metastatic character. Learning Objective: We identified CD10 positive HNSCC have chemoresisitant and radioresistant properties. Citation Format: Takahito Fukusumi. CD10 positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma have chemoresistant and radioresistant properties. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 442. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-442
Estrogen and Coronary Heart Disease in Women
Authors: Jerome L. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In focusing on the lipid effects of estrogen, Drs Barrett-Connor and Bush<sup>1</sup>sharply restrict the scope of the debate on the sex difference in the risk of heart disease. An implicit assumption that sex is a nonmodifiable coronary risk factor further limits the discussion. The nature of the potent protective factor in menstruating women has not been established. We must take care not to overlook a mechanism that may also be protective in men and postmenopausal women. The suggestion that the effect of estrogen on lipid metabolism is the protective factor<sup>1</sup>is not tenable in light of well-documented findings on heart disease expression in women with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).<sup>2,3</sup>Genetic lesions provide us with extreme cases that can clarify basic questions. In heterozygous FH, the sex difference in heart disease expression is preserved despite the lack of a corresponding sex difference in lipid phenotype.
Lymphocyte subsets in measles. Depressed helper/inducer subpopulation reversed by in vitro treatment with levamisole and ascorbic acid.
Authors: M I Joffe, N R Sukha, A R Rabson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Lymphocyte subsets were assessed in patients with measles using the OKT range of monoclonal antibodies. A significant decrease in cells reacting with the OKT3 and OKT4 monoclonal antibodies was observed. When the tests were repeated 3 wk after the acute infection, significant recovery of these subsets was observed. The abnormality in lymphocyte subsets could be reproduced by treating normal lymphocytes with measles virus in vitro. When lymphocytes from patients with measles or when normal cells infected with measles virus in vitro were treated with either levamisole or L-ascorbic acid for 15 min and then retested with the OKT antisera, restoration of the previously depleted OKT3+ and OKT4+ cell population was observed. Ascorbic-acid treatment also, to a certain extent, reversed the inability of measles mononuclear cells to produce lymphocyte mitogenic factor (helper factor for B cells) after pokeweed mitogen activation. This abnormality, however, could not be reversed by in vitro treatment with levamisole. Measles patients treated with L-ascorbic acid demonstrated no accelerated recovery in either their lymphocyte subset profile or their ability to produce lymphocyte mitogenic factor. Although the cause of the depressed OKT3+ and OKT4+ lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with measles is not clear, the results suggest that the effect is not due to an aberration of protein synthesis, but rather to a blocking or steric change produced by the virus on the cell membrane. It is likely that both ascorbic acid and levamisole have the ability to reverse this effect by virtue of their antioxidant properties.