tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 promotes liver fibrosis development in a transgenic mouse model
Authors: Hitoshi Yoshiji, Shigeki Kuriyama, Yoji Miyamoto, Unnur P. Thorgeirsson, Daniel E. Gomez, Mitsuhiro Kawata, Junichi Yoshii, Yasuhide Ikenaka, Ryuichi Noguchi, Hirohisa Tsujinoue, Toshiya Nakatani, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, Hiroshi Fukui
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) has been shown to be increased in liver fibrosis development both in murine experimental models and human samples. However, the direct role of TIMP-1 during liver fibrosis development has not been defined. To address this issue, we developed transgenic mice overexpressing human TIMP-1 (hTIMP-1) in the liver under control of the albumin promoter/ enhancer. A model of CCl(4)-induced hepatic fibrosis was used to assess the extent of fibrosis development in TIMP-1 transgenic (TIMP-Tg) mice and control hybrid (Cont) mice. Without any treatment, overexpression of TIMP-1 itself did not induce liver fibrosis. There were no significant differences of pro-(alpha1)-collagen-I, (alpha2)-collagen-IV, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) mRNA expression in the liver between TIMP-Tg and Cont-mice, suggesting that overexpression of TIMP-1 itself did not cause hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. After 4-week treatment with CCl(4), however, densitometric analysis revealed that TIMP-Tg-mice had a seven-fold increase in liver fibrosis compared with the Cont-mice. The hepatic hydroxyproline content and serum hyaluronic acid were also significantly increased in TIMP-Tg-mice, whereas CCl(4)-induced liver dysfunction was not altered. An active form of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) level in the liver of TIMP-Tg-mice was decreased relative to that in Cont-mice because of the transgenic TIMP-1. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that collagen-I and collagen-IV accumulation was markedly increased in the liver of CCl(4)-treated TIMP-Tg-mice with a pattern similar to that of alpha-SMA positive cells. These results suggest that TIMP-1 does not by itself result in liver fibrosis, but strongly promotes liver fibrosis development.
A useful scoring system for the prediction and management of delayed graft function following kidney transplantation from cadaveric donors
Authors: Marion Chapal, Florent Le Borgne, Christophe Legendre, Henri Kreis, Georges Mourad, Valérie Garrigue, Emmanuel Morelon, Fanny Buron, Lionel Rostaing, Nassim Kamar, Michèle Kessler, Marc Ladrière, Jean-Paul Soulillou, Katy Launay, Pascal Daguin, Lucile Offredo, Magali Giral, Yohann Foucher
Journal: Kidney International (2014)
Toxic and gonadotropic effects of cadmium and boron relative to standards for these substances in drinking water.
Authors: G N Krasovskii, S P Varshavskaya, A I Borisov
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Experimental research was conducted on the study of the relationship of the general toxic and gonadotoxic effects of cadmium and boron under conditions of subacute and chronic oral intoxication on white random-bred rats, by use of biochemical, physiological, cytological, and pathomorphological methods. It is shown that the gonadotoxic effect of cadmium is manifested on the same level (3 mg/kg of body weight) as the general toxic effect. The gonadotoxic effect of boron is dominant and is manifested at a lower level (6 mg/kg of body weight) than the general toxic effect (20 mg/kg). On the basis of the results of chronic experiments, 0.001 mg/l. is recommended as the hygienic standard for cadmium in water and 0.5 mg/l. for boron.
161 THDP-17 INHIBITS THE GLUTAMINASE ACTIVITY IN CACO-2 CELL CULTURES
Authors: M.M. Díaz Herrero, J.A. del Campo, P. Carbonero, M. Jover, J. Vega Perez, F. Iglesias Guerra, I. Periñnán, J.D. Bautista, M. Romero Gómez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Can Resemble Metastases on Bone Scan
Authors: SHAY LEE, MARC COEL, JEHOON KO, JOHN EDWARDS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

This report describes Tc-99m MDP uptake in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). DISH produces ossification of the anterolateral aspect of vertebral bodies by an unknown mechanism. The disease is not frequent in the nuclear medicine literature although the total incidence is in the region of 6%. DISH can be diagnosed on plain radiography because it produces flowing ossification, large osteophytes, bony ankylosis, and only mild decrease in intervertebral disk heights. This case demonstrates that DISH can produce a scintigraphic pattern that resembles metastases.
Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality by Statins, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: G.B. John Mancini, Mahyar Etminan, Bin Zhang, Linda E. Levesque, J. Mark FitzGerald, James M. Brophy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Prostate Cancer in Fathers With Fewer Male Offspring: the Jerusalem Perinatal Study Cohort
Authors: Susan Harlap, Ora Paltiel, Yehiel Friedlander, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Lisa Deutsch, Karinne R. Kleinhaus, Orly Manor, Alfred I. Neugut, Mark Opler, Mary C. Perrin, Mary B. Terry, Efrat Tiram, Rivka Yanetz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Recent studies have suggested the involvement of loci on the Y chromosome in prostate cancer. We studied the relative risk (RR) of prostate cancer in relation to sex ratio of offspring in a cohort of 38,934 Israeli men who were followed from the birth of their offspring (in 1964 through 1976) until 2005. Cox models were used to adjust for changes in incidence over time, age, the man's year of birth, and social and ethnic variables. A total of 712 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Compared with men who had at least one son, men with only daughters had an increased risk of prostate cancer (adjusted RR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20 to 1.64, P<.0001). In men with one, two, or three or more offspring, the relative risks associated with absence of sons were 1.25 (95% CI = 1.00 to 1.56), 1.41 (95% CI = 1.04 to 1.91), and 1.60 (95% CI = 1.05 to 2.43), respectively. Men with no daughters showed no statistically significantly altered risk, compared with men who had offspring of both sexes. The relative risk of prostate cancer decreased as the number of sons increased (P(trend)<.0001) but did not change with the number of daughters. These findings suggest that a Y chromosome locus may be involved in prostate cancer risk in this population.
The use and limitations of the INR system
Authors: C. Ts'ao, Demetra Neofotistos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract This study was undertaken to answer some practical questions physicians and medical directors of clinical laboratories face when they contemplate replacing their high international sensitivity index (ISI) thromboplastins with low ISI ones and using international normalized ratio (INR) in place of prothrombin time ratio (PTR) for monitoring warfarin therapy. To the question of whether low‐ISI thromboplastins would produce a prolonged PT on normal patients, the answer is probably no. To the question of the extent of normalization of disparate PTs, determined by high and low ISI thromboplastins, of patients on oral anticoagulants upon the conversion of PTR to INR, the answer is a mixed one. For those whose PTs were 14–20 sec, conversion of PTR to INR would markedly, but not completely, normalize the PTR values. In other words, there would be a lessening of disparity of the PTR after the conversion. For patients whose PTs were &gt;20 sec, conversion of PTR to INR could even widen the disparity seen with the PTR. Finally, when PTs were assayed on different coagulation devices with the same reagent, highly congenial results were obtained. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
World needs fresh research priorities and new policies to tackle changing patterns of chronic disease
Authors: Ganapati Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The priorities of health research and government policies will need to change so that changing patterns of disease in poor countries can be tackled, said delegates at a meeting in Mumbai this week.

In a plenary session on worldwide disease challenges at the global forum for health research meeting, health policy analysts said that studies predict a convergence of disease burdens around the world and dispelled the notion that the health needs of people in developing countries differ from those of people in rich countries.

Chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes are now important contributors to the burden of disease in developing countries, except in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where infectious diseases continue to dominate, speakers said.

“China and India are fast advancing into …
TCT-21 Vascular response of Everolimus-eluting Stent vs Bare metal stent at 3 and 6 weeks after ST elevation myocardial infarction: Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: nobuhiro satoh, Takao Shimohama, Taiki Tojo, Ryo Kameda, Ichiro Takeuchi, Junya Ako
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Guidelines for Treatment of Pediatric Asthma
Authors: Thomas B. Casale
Journal: JAMA (2008)

the relationships of smoking and drinking to cognitive function. Neuroepidemiology. 1999;18(3):125-133. 4. Dufouil C, Tzourio C, Brayne C, et al. Influence of apolipoprotein E genotype on the risk of cognitive deterioration in moderate drinkers and smokers. Epidemiology. 2000;11(3):280-284. 5. Lindsay J, Laurin D, Verreault R, et al. Risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease: a prospective analysis from the Canadian study of health and aging. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156(5):445-453. 6. Ruitenberg A, van Swieten JC, Witteman JC, et al. Alcohol consumption and the risk of dementia: the Rottenberg Study. Lancet. 2002;359(9303):281-286.
Synthesis of Extracellular Matrix and Adhesion Through β <sub>1</sub> Integrins Are Critical for Fetal Ventricular Myocyte Proliferation
Authors: Lisa K. Hornberger, Sandra Singhroy, Tiscar Cavalle-Garrido, Wendy Tsang, Fred Keeley, Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Circulation Research (2000)

Abstract —Extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The role of ECM in myocardial growth is unexplored. We sought to determine whether human fetal ventricular myocytes (HFVMs) produce ECM and whether synthesis and attachment to ECM are necessary for their epidermal growth factor (EGF)–dependent and –independent proliferation. Cultured HFVMs proliferate in the presence but not absence of serum and EGF, as determined by increase in cell number and [ 3 H]thymidine and [ 14 C]leucine incorporation (measures of DNA and protein synthesis, respectively). Using a cyanogen bromide digestion technique to measure collagen and elastin and using affinity chromatography for fibronectin, we found that HFVMs synthesized collagen and fibronectin but not elastin. HFVMs grown on exogenous ECM (including fibronectin and type I collagen and laminin) demonstrated no change in proliferation or DNA and protein synthesis with or without EGF. However, inhibition of collagen synthesis using cis -4-hydroxyproline resulted in a decrease in EGF-related HFVM proliferation and DNA and protein synthesis, which was reversed by exposure to l -proline but not by growth on type I collagen. Use of β 1 but not β 3 integrin antibody to inhibit cell interaction with ECM resulted in a decrease in HFVM proliferation and DNA and protein synthesis in response to EGF. Furthermore, EGF-dependent proliferation was enhanced by α 1 β 1 and α 5 β 1 antibodies that act as functional ligands, but not α 3 β 1 , the only β 1 subtype expressed in adult myocytes. In conclusion, proliferating HFVMs synthesize collagen and fibronectin. The proliferative response of HFVMs to EGF requires the synthesis of collagen as well as attachment to specific α/β 1 integrin heterodimers.
Congressional AIDS Commission in Limelight, Likely to Remain There for Another Year
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THREE RECENT events have pushed the National Commission on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) back into the limelight. First, it has issued a comprehensive 165-page report calling the nation to arms against AIDS. Second, one of the commission's 15 members, Belinda Mason, 33, a Kentucky journalist (who acquired AIDS through a blood transfusion in 1987), died September 9, just as the commission's report was going to press. Third, another patient with AIDS, Kimberly Bergalis, 23, (who apparently acquired the infection during 1987 molar extractions in Florida), testified before Congress in favor of mandatory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing for all health care workers. <h3>What the Report Says</h3> The commission's report says that, unless the nation girds itself promptly to deal seriously with the issues posed by the HIV epidemic, the country will "face relentless, expanding tragedy.... There is only a little time left to recognize that the threat of HIV is
Regulation of the oncodevelopmental expression of type 1 chain ABH and Lewis(b) blood group antigens in human colon by alpha-2-L-fucosylation.
Authors: T F Orntoft, P Greenwell, H Clausen, W M Watkins
Journal: Gut (1991)

Blood group antigen expression in the distal human colon is related to the development of the organ and is modified by malignant transformation. To elucidate the biochemical basis for these changes, we have (a) analysed the activity of glycosyltransferases coded for by the H, Se, Le, X, and A genes, in tissue biopsy specimens from normal and malignant proximal and distal human colon; (b) characterised the glycosphingolipids expressed in the various regions of normal and malignant colon by immunostaining of high performance thin layer chromatography plates; and (c) located the antigens on tissue sections from the same subjects by immunohistochemistry. In both secretors and non-secretors we found a significantly higher activity of alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferases in carcinomatous rectal tissue than in tissue from normal subjects, whereas the other transferase activities studied showed no significant differences. The acceptor substrate specificity suggested that both the Se and the H gene dependent alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferases are increased in carcinomas. In non-malignant tissue the only enzyme which showed appreciably higher activity in caecum than in rectum was alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferase. Immunochemistry and immunohistochemistry showed alpha-2-L-fucosylated structures in normal caecum from secretors and in tumour tissue from both secretors and non-secretors. We conclude that the alpha-2-L-fucosyltransferases control the expression of ABH, and Lewis(b) structures in normal and malignant colon.
Abstract 1725: Neuroendocrine modulation of anoikis
Authors: Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Jyotsnabaran Halder, Alpa M. Nick, Rebecca L. Stone, Whitney A. Spannuth, Michael T. Deavers, Julie K. Allen, Liz Y. Han, Aparna A. Kamat, Mian M.K. Shahzad, Bradley W. McIntyre, Claudia M. Diaz-Montero, Nicholas B. Jennings, Yvonne G. Lin, William M. Merritt, Koen DeGeest, Pablo E. Vivas Mejias, Gabriel Lopez Berestein, Michael D. Schaller, Steven W. Cole, Susan K. Lutgendorf, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chronic stress and associated hormones are known to affect multiple systems including immunological and endocrinological functions, but the effects on cancer growth and progression are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that chronic stress and associated increases in catecholamines, protect tumor cells from anoikis and promote growth by activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK). These effects involve phosphorylation of FAKY397 associated with actin-dependent Src interaction with membrane-associated FAK. In human ovarian cancer patients, behavioral states related to greater adrenergic activity were associated with higher levels of pFAKY397, which was in turn linked to substantially accelerated mortality. These data suggest that FAK modulation by stress hormones, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine, can contribute to tumor progression in ovarian cancer patients. These findings further point at potential new therapeutic targets for cancer management. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1725.
Management of Arterial Occlusive Disease
Authors: Geza de Takats
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A Vanderbilt Conference was held on this topic in November 1970. W. Andrew Dale skillfully selected the subjects and speakers and firmly edited the whole volume. It would be impossible to comment on individual presentations. There are 26 essays and two panel discussions. Certain trends are unmistakable. Simple and inexpensive equipment is available for the study of improvement after surgical procedures. Angiography has reached a level of excellence, mainly by placing it in the hands of devoted radiologists. Medical management and postoperative prevention of progressive atherosclerosis are still controversial but the value of graded exercise in the development of collateral circulation in peripheral and coronary arteries is more clear. Below the inguinal ligament, venous bypass grafts show better long-time results than thromboendarterectomy or bovine arterial grafts. The latter, while seemingly freed of their antigenicity, still cause a fibroplastic reaction and may require further refinement. Most discussers hold sympathectomy to be
Use of Carbamazepine in Epilepsy
Authors: Samuel Livingston
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The anticonvulsive properties of carbamazepine (Tegretol) were investigated in 87 patients who suffered with various forms of epileptic seizures. All of these patients had been refractory to treatment with one or more of the standard antiepileptic drugs. This study demonstrated that carbamazepine is an effective anticonvulsant and particularly useful in the control of psychomotor (temporal lobe) epilepsy. Visual disturbances, primarily diplopia, and cutaneous reactions were the most common side effects observed in this group of patients. No irreversible untoward reactions were encountered. A review of the literature revealed that other investigators also found carbamazepine effective in the control of epileptic seizures. Several physicians reported serious and fatal hematopoietic disturbances in association with this therapy.
Review: Cardiac resynchronization reduces mortality and hospitalizations in patients with either more or less symptomatic HF
Authors: Adrian F. Hernandez
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Source Citation Al-Majed NS, McAlister FA, Bakal JA, Ezekowitz JA. Meta-analysis: cardiac resynchronization therapy for patients with less symptomatic heart failure. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:401-12. 21320922
How Many Physicians Is Enough?
Authors: Alvin R. Tarlov
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The practical relevance of physician manpower studies relates to the effects of variation in supply on improvements in (1) the availability of services, (2) the outcomes of medical care, including costs and benefits, and (3) the health of the nation. In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, a frequent contributor to studies on physician supply, William Schwartz, with Daniel Mendelson,<sup>1</sup>applies standard economic theory in a secondary analysis of the American Medical Association's data for the years 1982 through 1987. The authors posit that a surplus of physicians is not developing. Their finding contradicts the projections of the Graduate Medical Education National Advisory Committee (GMENAC) made in 1980.<sup>2</sup>It is questionable, however, that the work of Schwartz and Mendelson provides useful information regarding the adequacy of the physician supply for the 1980s and the 1990s. Schwartz and Mendelson use the American Medical Association's data for 1982 through 1987,<sup>3</sup>which
The immediate phase of c-kit ligand stimulation of mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells elicits rapid leukotriene C4 generation through posttranslational activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and 5-lipoxygenase.
Authors: M Murakami, K F Austen, J P Arm
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

c-kit ligand (KL) activated mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) for the dose- and time-dependent release of arachidonic acid from cell membrane phospholipids, with generation of leukotriene (LT) C4 in preference to prostaglandin (PG)D2. KL at concentrations of 10 ng/ml elicited half-maximal eicosanoid generation and at concentrations of &amp;gt; 50 ng/ml elicited a maximal generation of approximately 15 ng LTC4 and 1 ng PGD2 per 10(6) cells, with 20% net beta-hexosaminidase release 10 min after stimulation. Of the other cytokines tested, none, either alone or in combination with KL, elicited or modulated the immediate phase of mediator release by BMMC, indicating strict specificity for KL. Activation of BMMC in response to KL was accompanied by transient phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 and reversible translocation of 5-lipoxygenase to a cell membrane fraction 2-5 min after stimulation, when the rate of arachidonic acid release and LTC4 production were maximal. BMMC continuously exposed to KL in the presence of IL-10 and IL-1 beta generated LTC4 in marked preference to PGD2 over the first 10 min followed by delayed generation of PGD2 with no LTC4 over several hours. Pharmacologic studies revealed that PGD2 generation in the immediate phase depended on prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS)-1 and in the delayed phase on PGHS-2. Thus, KL provided a nonallergic stimulus for biphasic eicosanoid generation by mast cells. The immediate phase is dominated by LTC4 generation with kinetics and postreceptor biosynthetic events similar to those observed after cell activation through the high affinity IgE receptor, whereas the delayed phase of slow and selective PGD2 production is mediated by induction of PGHS-2.
The Cadherin-Catenin System: Implications for Growth and Differentiation of Endocrine Tissues
Authors: Eyck Pötter, Clemens Bergwitz, Georg Brabant
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1999)

Cell-cell adhesion, as mediated by the cadherin-catenin system, is a prerequisite for normal cell function and the preservation of tissue integrity. With recent progress in our understanding, beta-catenin as a component of a complex signal transduction pathway may serve as a common switch in central processes that regulate cellular differentiation and growth. The function of the cadherin-catenin system in cell adhesion as well as in intracellular signaling, appears to be subjected to multifactorial control by a variety of different mechanisms, and data on a hormonal control of these signaling pathways, even though scarce to date, suggest an important regulatory influence in many cellular systems. Loss of E-cadherin-catenin function was described in many tumors along with an increased invasiveness and a decreased prognosis of many carcinomas, including tumors of endocrine glands and their target systems, and a causal role of this loss-of-function in the multifactorial process of tumorigenesis was recently proven in genetic mouse models. Modification of E-caderin-catenin function in endocrine and nonendocrine tumors may involve germline and somatic gene mutations, epigenetic mechanisms such as gene silencing due to promotor-hypermethylation, and posttranscriptional events, likely to be involved in many endocrine tissues and their target organs. Such events may converge on nuclear activation of oncogenes such as c-myc by the beta-catenin/TCF4 complex. The expression and functional status of the components of the cadherin-catenin system may serve as prognostic markers for endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. The frequent involvement of functional dysregulation in many tumors raises hopes that better definition of the regulation of all components of the cadherin-catenin system and their response to extracellular modulators may eventually lead to new therapeutic approaches for these tumors and help to prevent, more specifically, growth, invasion, and metastasis of these carcinomas.