tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transfemoral Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: M L Marin, F J Veith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Transfemoral Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. A Dacron prosthetic graft was sutured to a balloon-expandable metallic stent and inserted under local anesthesia through a right femoral-artery cutdown in a 70-year-old woman with an enlarging, tender 5.6-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. Surgical repair was deemed too risky because the patient required oxygen for chronic pulmonary disease and had coronary artery disease. Aortography (Panel A) revealed the aneurysm (arrow) and a tortuous aorta, and computed tomography (CT) (Panel B) identified the aneurysm (arrow) and minimal mural thrombus (asterisk). The aortic reconstruction is illustrated in Panel C. The stent-graft device was packaged . . .
Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Medical/Surgical Management
Authors: Joanne M. Jordan
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE IMPORTANCE OF MINOR CHOROIDITIC CHANGES, ESPECIALLY CONUS.
Authors: B. ALEX. RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Among the hundreds of thousands of eyes that have been examined more or less carefully in the schools as to their refraction, but a few thousand have been even looked at with the ophthalmoscope; and only a few hundred studied with reference to the pathologic changes in the eye-grounds. Search for the causative factors in the production and increase of axial distension has led to great elaboration of many phases of the subject; yet this really fundamental one has been commonly neglected. Loring and Derby, Koppe, Scheiding and a few other investigators have recorded the frequency of conus, and Paulsen has also noted its direction in seafaring men, to learn if their frequent upward gaze made them specially prone to conus downward. But few have studied, like Risley and myself, the general normal or unhealthy condition of the fundus in its bearing upon changes of the refraction in actual progress.
The debrisoquine metabolic phenotype and DNA-based assays: implications of misclassification for the association of lung cancer and the debrisoquine metabolic phenotype.
Authors: N E Caporaso, P G Shields, M T Landi, G L Shaw, M A Tucker, R Hoover, H Sugimura, A Weston, C C Harris
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1992)

Debrisoquine is an antihypertensive drug that is metabolized by cytochrome P4502D6. Deficient metabolism is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. We previously reported in a case-control study that extensive metabolizers of debrisoquine were at greater risk of lung cancer compared to poor and intermediate metabolizers. Cloning of the gene that encodes P4502D6 (CYP2D6) led to the identification of both wild-type and mutant forms of the gene. Subsequently, a DNA-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was identified, and a Southern hybridization-based test was developed in an attempt to define the genotype. When the DNA-RFLP test was applied to stored DNA from our study subjects there was neither a significant association with the metabolic phenotype nor an association with lung cancer. Further work has demonstrated that the wild-type gene, which was characterized by a 29-kb allele, can also contain mutations that result in nonfunctional or absent proteins. When these mutations are present, individuals exhibit the poor or intermediate metabolizer phenotype in spite of the presence of the 29-kb putative wild-type allele. Sequence determination of the mutants led to the development of techniques to exploit the polymerase chain reaction, which, together with Southern analysis, have been reported to detect as many as 95% of poor metabolizers. This technique is being used to examine the association of the extensive metabolizer genotype with lung cancer in the subjects from the case-control study. Preliminary results indicate a weak association between the homozygous wild-type genotype and lung cancer; in contrast, the extensive metabolizer phenotype is strongly associated with lung cancer in this subset.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
New Therapeutic Approaches to Psychosomatic Patients Verbal and Preverbal
Authors: W. Bräutigam
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

Many of the patients passed on to us are not in a position to begin with a course of treatment aiming at introspection. Here we think that inpatient psychotherapy is a valuable preparation and initiation to the psychotherapeutic process. In a therapeutic community informal contacts with other patients can provide stimuli facilitating the transposition of physical complaints or concretistically experienced life situations. Concentrative movement therapy, group therapy and other methods are helpful to the psychosomatic patient, so as to bring about an awareness of the problematical nature of own views and attitudes.
Obesity-induced lysine acetylation increases cardiac fatty acid oxidation and impairs insulin signalling
Authors: Osama Abo Alrob, Sowndramalingam Sankaralingam, Cary Ma, Cory S. Wagg, Natasha Fillmore, Jagdip S. Jaswal, Michael N. Sack, Richard Lehner, Mahesh P. Gupta, Evangelos D. Michelakis, Raj S. Padwal, David E. Johnstone, Arya M. Sharma, Gary D. Lopaschuk
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Lysine acetylation is a novel post-translational pathway that regulates the activities of enzymes involved in both fatty acid and glucose metabolism. We examined whether lysine acetylation controls heart glucose and fatty acid oxidation in high-fat diet (HFD) obese and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice. C57BL/6 mice were placed on either a HFD (60% fat) or a low-fat diet (LFD; 4% fat) for 16 or 18 weeks. Cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates were significantly increased in HFD vs. LFD mice (845 ± 76 vs. 551 ± 87 nmol/g dry wt min, P < 0.05). Activities of the fatty acid oxidation enzymes, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) were increased in hearts from HFD vs. LFD mice, and were associated with LCAD and β-HAD hyperacetylation. Cardiac protein hyperacetylation in HFD-fed mice was associated with a decrease in SIRT3 expression, while expression of the mitochondrial acetylase, general control of amino acid synthesis 5 (GCN5)-like 1 (GCN5L1), did not change. Interestingly, SIRT3 deletion in mice also led to an increase in cardiac fatty acid oxidation compared with wild-type (WT) mice (422 ± 29 vs. 291 ± 17 nmol/g dry wt min, P < 0.05). Cardiac lysine acetylation was increased in SIRT3 KO mice compared with WT mice, including increased acetylation and activity of LCAD and β-HAD. Although the HFD and SIRT3 deletion decreased glucose oxidation, pyruvate dehydrogenase acetylation was unaltered. However, the HFD did increase Akt acetylation, while decreasing its phosphorylation and activity. We conclude that increased cardiac fatty acid oxidation in response to high-fat feeding is controlled, in part, via the down-regulation of SIRT3 and concomitant increased acetylation of mitochondrial β-oxidation enzymes.
Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Ventricular Relaxation in Pressure-Overload Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Philip A. MacCarthy, Ajay M. Shah
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) selectively enhances myocardial relaxation and may benefit diastolic function. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is characterized by abnormal myocardial relaxation and endothelial dysfunction. We investigated endothelium-dependent regulation of LV relaxation in moderate pressure-overload LVH induced by aortic banding in guinea pigs. Methods and Results —Isolated ejecting hearts of banded or sham-operated animals (shams) were studied. The specific agonists for endothelial release of NO, bradykinin (10 nmol/L), and substance P (100 nmol/L) both induced earlier onset of LV relaxation in shams (time to LV dP/dt min [tdP/dt min ], −13.4±3.0 and −10.4±2.5 ms, respectively) without altering peak LV pressure or LV dP/dt max . Neither agent altered tdP/dt min in banded animals. The ACE inhibitor captopril (1 μmol/L) also selectively reduced tdP/dt min in shams via a bradykinin/NO-dependent mechanism but had no effect in banded animals. An exogenous NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (0.1 μmol/L), selectively reduced tdP/dt min to a similar extent in both shams and banded animals. Endothelial-type NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression in whole LV homogenate was unaltered in banded animals. Conclusions —Endothelium-dependent enhancement of LV relaxation is impaired in moderate pressure-overload LVH, despite a preserved response to exogenous NO. This is not accounted for by altered eNOS expression. These abnormalities may contribute to diastolic dysfunction in LVH.
Menstruation and control of diabetes.
Authors: C H Walsh, J M Malins
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Seventy per cent of the patients aged 45 years or under and suffering from diabetic ketoacidosis who were seen in one diabetic clinic over five years were women. The association of menstruation with ketoacidosis was assessed over two and a half years, and it was found that menstruation was associated with ketoacidosis more often than would be expected by chance (P less than 0-01). Two hundred women were interviewed and 76 observed that menstruation changed their diabetic control. Fifty-three found that control deteriorated and hyperglycaemia occurred, while 23 found that control improved and hypoglycaemia was a common problem. Menstruation appears to be an important factor in influencing control of diabetes. The mechanism of the changes observed has not yet been determined, but it seems to be a subject worthy of further investigation.
Are Cell Number and Cell Proliferation Risk Factors for Cancer?1
Authors: D. Albanes, M. Winick
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis in humans. Caloric restriction strongly inhibits the development of neoplasia in rodents, and there is evidence of a positive relationship between cancer and body weight in humans. Caloric restriction early in life is also known to permanently diminish organ cellularity. A recent link between adult stature and cancer incidence similarly implicates a lasting effect for growth and possibly for early nutrition in carcinogenesis. It is postulated that cancer risk is proportional to the number of proliferating cells, which in turn depends on both the number of cells and the rate of cell division within the tissue. This hypothesis is consistent with several aspects of human carcinogenesis, including multistage models and the epithelial origin of most cancers.
Renal Artery Stenosis Diagnosed With Tc-99m DMSA Scintigraphy
Authors: RICARDO DE HOLLANDA, DONIZETTI DIMER GIAMBERARDINO, PAULO CESAR PERRY BLEY, RONEI ANTONIO SANDRINI, JORGE KANEGUSUKU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Captopril-enhanced renal scintigraphy with Tc-99m DMSA was performed in an 11-year-old boy with hypertension. This showed a significant reduction in function of the right kidney. Renal arteriography was performed and showed two renal arteries on the right, the major one with stenosis. This case illustrates the possible role that scintigraphy with Tc-99m DMSA can play in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension.
Nerve dependence in tissue, organ, and appendage regeneration
Authors: Anoop Kumar, Jeremy P. Brockes
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (2012)

Many regeneration contexts require the presence of regenerating nerves as a transient component of the progenitor cell niche. Here we review nerve involvement in regeneration of various structures in vertebrates and invertebrates. Nerves are also implicated as persistent determinants in the niche of certain stem cells in mammals, as well as in Drosophila. We consider our present understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying nerve dependence, including evidence of critical interactions with glia and non-neural cell types. The example of the salamander aneurogenic limb illustrates that developmental interactions between the limb bud and its innervation can be determinative for adult regeneration. These phenomena provide a different perspective on nerve cells to that based on chemical and electrical excitability.
Efficacy of bupropion in the indigenous Maori population in New Zealand
Authors: S Holt
Journal: Thorax (2005)

Smoking rates are high in indigenous populations and contribute to their poor health. In New Zealand the indigenous Maori population has a high rate of smoking, with around 50% of adults being smokers compared with 20% of the adult European population. A study was undertaken to determine whether bupropion is effective in the treatment of smoking cessation in the indigenous Maori population in New Zealand.A randomised, placebo controlled, double blind, parallel group study was performed in 134 Maori smokers aged 16-70 years who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day. The main outcome measures were continued abstinence from smoking at 3 and 12 months.At each time point continued abstinence was better for the subjects allocated to bupropion, with a risk ratio for abstinence over all time points of 2.44 (95% CI 1.22 to 4.88). The rates of continued abstinence in the bupropion and placebo groups at 3 months were 44.3% and 17.4%, respectively, with a risk ratio of 2.54 (95% CI 1.30 to 5.00). The corresponding figures at 12 months were 21.6% and 10.9%, respectively, with a risk ratio of 1.99 (95% CI 0.79 to 5.00).Bupropion is an effective treatment for smoking cessation in the indigenous Maori population in New Zealand.
The Yin and Yang of Alloreactivity: Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease and Leukemia Relapse
Authors: Saar Gill
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Chronic graft-versus-host disease is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation and plays an important role in posttransplant morbidity and mortality, yet is correlated with the graft-versus-tumor effect in some studies. New approaches to separate the graft-versus-tumor from the graft-versus-host effect are urgently needed. Clin Cancer Res; 21(9); 1981–3. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Boyiadzis et al., p. 2020
Abstract 5191: Genome-wide mutational analysis reveals core signaling pathways in mucinous neoplasms of the appendix
Authors: Hakan Alakus, Michele Babicky, Pradipta Ghosh, Shawn Yost, Kristen Jepsen, Yang Dai, Angelo Arias, Michael Samuels, Evangeline Mose, Michael Peterson, Andrew Lowy, Kelly Frazer, Olivier Harismendy
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mucinous Neoplasm of the Appendix (MNA) is a rare malignancy often diagnosed after metastasis to the peritoneal surfaces resulting in Mucinous Carcinomatosis Peritonei (MCP). Genetic alterations in MNA are poorly characterized due to its low incidence, the hypo-cellularity of MCPs and a lack of relevant pre-clinical models. As such, application of targeted therapies to this disease is limited to those developed for colorectal cancer (CRC) and not based on molecular rationale. We sequenced the whole exomes of 10 MCPs to identify genome-wide somatic mutations and copy number aberrations and validated significant findings in 19 additional cases using deep sequencing and microdroplet PCR. These studies demonstrate that MNA has a different molecular makeup than CRC. Most tumors have co-existing oncogenic mutations in KRAS (26/29) and GNAS (21/29) and are characterized by cAMP-PKA pathway activation. High-grade tumors are GNAS wild-type (5/6), suggesting they do not progress from low-grade tumors. MNAs do share some genetic alterations with CRC including gain of 1q (5/10), Wnt and TGFβ pathway alteration. In contrast, mutations in TP53 (1/10) and APC (0/10), common in CRC, are rare in MNA. Coincident activation of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK and cAMP-PKA signaling pathways appears to be shared with pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Thus, MNA genome-wide mutational analysis reveals genetic alterations distinct from CRC, in support its unique pathophysiology and suggests MEK and PKA inhibition as new therapeutic opportunities. Citation Format: Hakan Alakus, Michele Babicky, Pradipta Ghosh, Shawn Yost, Kristen Jepsen, Yang Dai, Angelo Arias, Michael Samuels, Evangeline Mose, Michael Peterson, Andrew Lowy, Kelly Frazer, Olivier Harismendy. Genome-wide mutational analysis reveals core signaling pathways in mucinous neoplasms of the appendix. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5191. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5191
An Overview of Treatments for Endometriosis
Authors: Julie Brown, Cynthia Farquhar
Journal: JAMA (2015)

What treatments are associated with improved outcomes for women with endometriosis?The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUD), gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa; nafarelin, leuprolide, buserelin, goserelin, triptorelin), laparoscopic ablation, and excision are associated with relief of pain due to endometriosis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues and laparoscopic ablation or excision are associated with increased clinical pregnancy rates in women with endometriosis. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues, danazol, and depot progestagens are associated with a higher incidence of adverse events.
Haemodialysis in 'hepatorenal syndrome': report on two cases.
Authors: F Keller, K Wagner, T Lenz, W Pommer, G Hahn, M Molzahn, P H Krause
Journal: Gut (1985)

We report two patients with hepatorenal syndrome who recovered from oliguria and renal failure after temporary treatment with haemodialysis. Hepatorenal syndrome developed under diuretic treatment in both patients. Volume expansion, dopamine, and prostaglandin I2 did not improve renal function. In the one patient with alcoholic cirrhosis, renal biopsy showed only minimal alterations of glomeruli, tubuli, and arterial vessels. In the other case, the deterioration and improvement in renal function parallelled changes in acute alcohol-toxic hepatic function. We conclude that haemodialysis should be considered for treatment of hepatorenal syndrome in selected patients where reversal of liver failure can be expected.
As to "Nostrum" Advertisements in The Journal.1
Authors: Solomon Solis-Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1894)

To the Editor:  —About a month ago, I addressed you a letter replying to one of your editorial articles. As that letter has not yet been printed and as I have not heard further in reply to my query concerning it, than that search would be made, I presume it has been lost, and I therefore beg to again communicate its substance, in the hope that it will receive an early insertion, together with this preface explanatory of its apparent tardiness. I wrote at first and again write because I desire to see theJournala perfect representative of the best in American medicine.  In your editorial you animadverted on the fact that some of your Eastern cotemporaries lectured theJournalon the sale of its advertising columns to nostrums, and you replied that, 1, there was an attempt to make a difference between a physicians' journal and a publishers'
Roads not taken: The case for multiple functional-level routes to emotion
Authors: Tim Dalgleish
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

This review focuses on the theory of emotion outlined in Chapter 3 of Rolls's The brain and emotion. It is proposed that Rolls's emphasis on a relatively simple neurobiologically derived emotion scheme does not allow him to present a comprehensive account of emotion. Consequently, high-level cognitive processes, such as appraisal, end up being retained in the theory despite Rolls's skepticism about their utility. An argument is put forward that the concept of appraisal in the emotion literature is more than semantic convention and actually allows us to talk about multiple functional-level routes to the generation of emotion – a characteristic of the latest generation of theories in the cognition-emotion literature.
Low Flow and Closed System Anesthesia
Authors: Max S. Sadove
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This is an excellently edited symposium on low-flow and closed-system anesthesia held less than a year ago. The contributory group was well chosen and included essentially all who have contributed to the advancement in this area. The coverage of the subject is excellent. It includes (1) uptake and distribution, (2) technique and cost, (3) special procedures and variations, (4) equipment and measurement techniques, and (5) ecology and liability. This book is timely—cost is now a vital factor in our practice. Precision, safety, and legal implications need no emphasis to the practitioner. Even if one is not using the technique and is an agnostic, this book is a must. This is a practical, concise, clearly presented monographic text. It is an absolute must in all libraries of universities that have a program, and all in practice should read it. The authors are to be congratulated for an outstanding book.
Canicola Fever
Authors: Martin E. Gordon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

HEPATOCELLULAR disease is often ascribed to a viral agent without adequate investigation. Leptospiral infections of the liver can simulate epidemic infectious or viral hepatitis and may occur more frequently than is usually suspected. It is the purpose of this communication to describe such an acute spirochetal infection and to point out its worldwide variations.Canicola fever, or infection with Leptospira canicola, is similar to Weil's disease but is transmitted to human beings directly or indirectly by dogs. It may be differentiated from infection caused by Lept. icterohaemorrhagiae by serologic means. Over 200 cases have now been reported in the . . .
Enhanced vasoconstrictor prostanoid production by sinusoidal endothelial cells increases portal perfusion pressure in cirrhotic rat livers
Authors: Jorge Gracia-Sancho, Bàrbara Laviña, Aina Rodríguez-Vilarrupla, Héctor García-Calderó, Jaime Bosch, Joan Carles García-Pagán
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)