tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multimodality treatments for nodal relapse after endoscopic mucosal resection of a superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: K. Fu, T. Ishikawa, H. Ooyanagi, Y. Kaji, H. Shimizu
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Patients with esophageal intraepithelial carcinoma (m1) and carcinoma invading the lamina propria (m2) are generally considered good candidates for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in Japan, as hardly any of them show lymph node metastasis. Although a few cases of esophageal carcinoma invading the lamina propria have been reported to show nodal involvement, lymph node metastasis and subsequent death due to carcinoma after EMR of m1 or m2 esophageal carcinoma has never been reported in the English literature. Here we describe a patient who suffered relapse of lymph node metastasis after EMR of an esophageal carcinoma invading the lamina propria without any of the reported risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis, including vascular invasion. Unfortunately, the patient died due to disease recurrence, despite receiving multimodality treatments including chemoradiotherapy and salvage surgery.
Florida Health Notes.
Authors: Rev. E. H. Gerhart
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Philadelphia, Feb. 24,1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I noticed in a late issue of theJournal, that the<i>Florida Health Notes</i>will publish a series of papers on " Cremation," beginning with January, 1895. I have been trying to find out the address of the said periodical but did not succeed; hence I write to you to kindly give me same on a postal, as you certainly have copies from which the extracts are taken. Many thanks for your kindness. Respectfully, <h3>Answer:</h3> —Address, Dr. J. Y. Porter, Secretary State Board of Health, Jacksonville, Florida.
Science commentary: Rational drug design for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The loss of cholinergic neurotransmitter activity was first identified in the 1970s at necropsy in brains removed from people with Alzheimer's disease, and it has since been confirmed in living patients by positron emission tomography (figure). These observations have led to the development of a number of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs, which have been rationally designed to boost the apparent chemical deficiency in Alzheimer's disease (MR Farlow et al, Neurology 1998;51(suppl 1):36-44S).

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have been designed to stop the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain. Unfortunately, these drugs are …
Stability of Reacted Chemstrip bG
Authors: Daniel Cox, Jana Herrman, Andrea Snyder, Linda Gonder-Frederick, Jill Reschke, William Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

Reacted Chemstrip bG glucose reagent strips have been reported to retain their color changes for up to 7 days. Thus, patients could theoretically measure their blood glucose and mail their reacted test strips to their physicians for reanalysis. To test the stability of reacted Chemstrip bG blood glucose measurements, 268 Chemstrip bG test strips were reacted with blood obtained from 67 insulin-dependent diabetic patients, stored in desiccator vials, and read daily for 5 consecutive days with an Accu-Chek II blood glucose meter. Although Chemstrip bG blood glucose values significantly correlated with initial reference Beckman glucose analyzer glucose determinations for all 5 days, a steady significant decay in blood glucose readings over time was observed, and clinically accurate strip readings declined from 94% to 68%. Because this decay appeared consistent, correction factors were calculated with regression analyses. The correction factor for day 5 Accu-Chek II readings reduced measurement error by 77%. When applied to a different validation sample, this correction factor decreased day 5 error by 73%. Hence, it seems that correction factors may be applied to delayed readings of Chemstrips obtained with Accu- Chek II that would correct for the observed reduction in blood glucose readings. From these results, we conclude that delayed readings of Chemstrip bG test strips with the Accu-Chek II are not sufficiently accurate for clinical decision making or research purposes unless mathematically corrected.
The Management of Musculo-skeletal Problems in the Haemophilias.
Authors: Robert T. Breckenridge
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

This monograph is the latest in a series from the Oxford group regarding the care of patients with hemophilia. In this work the authors describe their experience with musculoskeletal hemorrhage during the years 1966 through 1969 and they speak with authority, since 2,087 separate episodes of muscular or joint hemorrhage were observed. This book is an excellent summary of that experience. The book begins with a chapter on the physiology of hemostasis, followed by a section concerned with the principles of replacement therapy—a chapter both excellent and current. The major portion of the work begins with a description of acute muscular and skeletal hemorrhage, followed by a discussion of peripheral nerve lesions, and concludes with the management of fractures in the hemophilic patient. The final two chapters deal with reconstructive surgery and physiotherapy in the hemophiliac. I personally found best the section that dealt with hemophilic cysts, pseudotumors, and the
Exogenous α-Synuclein Fibrils Induce Lewy Body Pathology Leading to Synaptic Dysfunction and Neuron Death
Authors: Laura A. Volpicelli-Daley, Kelvin C. Luk, Tapan P. Patel, Selcuk A. Tanik, Dawn M. Riddle, Anna Stieber, David F. Meaney, John Q. Trojanowski, Virginia M.-Y. Lee
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Judicial review of decision to close children's heart surgery in Leeds is to go ahead despite plea to postpone it
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A High Court challenge to a decision to stop children’s heart surgery at Leeds General Infirmary is to go ahead in the new year after a judge refused a plea by the campaigning group that launched the action for it to be put on hold.

Initially, Save our Surgery filed an application for a judicial review of the decision to earmark the unit for closure as part of a move to concentrate paediatric heart …
Autopsy supports claim that Schiavo was in a persistent vegetative state
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Over 400 variants in the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (<i>CFTR</i>) are CF-causing. CFTR modulators target different variants to improve lung function, but large variability in response exists and current therapies do not address all CF-causing variants highlighting an unmet need. Alternative epithelial ion channels such as SLC26A9 could compensate for CFTR dysfunction, providing a therapeutic target that benefits all individuals with CF. <h3>Method</h3> We investigate the relationship between <i>SLC26A9</i> and lung function pre- and post-treatment with CFTR modulators in Canadian and US CF cohorts, in the general population, and in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <h3>Results</h3> <i>SLC26A9</i> rs7512462 CC genotype is associated with greater lung function in individuals with minimal function variants (for which there are currently no approved therapies; p=0.002); and gating (p=0.03) and p.Phe508del/ p.Phe508del (p=0.009) genotypes upon treatment with CFTR modulators. Analogously, p.Phe508del/p.Phe508del human nasal epithelia with CC after triple combination modulator treatment show greatest CFTR function (p=8×10<sup>−4</sup>). Beyond CF, rs7512462 is associated with lung function in the UK Biobank (meta-p=2.74×10<sup>−44</sup>) and in COPD (min p=0.007). <h3>Conclusion</h3> These findings support SLC26A9 as a therapeutic target to improve lung function for all people with CF and in individuals with other obstructive lung diseases such as COPD.
ANASTOMOSIS OF BLOOD VESSELS BY THE PATCHING METHOD AND TRANSPLANTATION OF THE KIDNEY.
Authors: ALEXIS CARREL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>DEFINITIONS.</h3> The patching consists of closing an opening in the wall of a vessel by fitting and sewing to its edges a flap taken from another vessel or from some other structure such as the peritoneum.<sup>1</sup>For example, a portion of the wall of a carotid artery may be removed and the opening thus produced closed by a patch taken from the external jugular vein. The anastomosis by the patching method consists of extirpating a vessel together with an area or patch from the vessel of origin, the patch being so cut that the mouth of the extirpated vessel is situated in the center of the patch. The edges of the patch are then fixed to the edges of a suitable opening made in the wall of another vessel. For example, a spermatic artery of a dog was dissected and removed with a triangular patch of the wall of
Achieving antigen-specific immune regulation
Authors: Kevan C. Herold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

A study in this issue of the JCI shows that in response to autoantigens consisting of peptides from normal proteins, patients with diabetes mount a T cell response characterized by production of IFN-γ . However, in response to these same antigens, T cells from normal control subjects produce IL-10. The antigen-specific response characterized by release of a regulatory cytokine suggests a mechanism for the control of autoimmunity that is initiated at the time of antigen presentation.
Proctologic Problems in Children
Authors: Thomas C. Arminski
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In a study of 700 children with anorectal complaints, anal stenosis, redundant rectal mucosa, fissures, fistula in ano, cryptitis, colitis, and polyps were diagnosed in all but 20%. In this 20%, two thirds of whom were seen for constipation, no organic cause for the complaint could be found. An anorectal examination should be a part of every physical examination of the newborn, infant, and child. Careful examination of the distal bowel is indicated in all instances of gastrointestinal complaints. All too often, many of these infants and children are treated for intestinal colic, milk allergy, and emotional problems when definite pathological abnormality amenable to correct treatment was present.
A novel SCN5A arrhythmia mutation, M1766L, with expression defect rescued by mexiletine
Authors: C Valdivia
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objective: Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene, SCN5A, cause congenital long QT syndrome (LQT3), Brugada syndrome, idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, and conduction disease by distinct cellular and clinical electrophysiological phenotypes. Methods: Postmortem molecular analysis of SCN5A was conducted on an infant who presented shortly after birth with self-terminating torsades de pointes. The infant was treated with lidocaine, propranolol, and mexiletine and was stable for 16 months manifesting only a prolonged QT interval. The infant collapsed suddenly following presumed viral gastroenteritis, was found in 2:1 AV block, and was subsequently declared brain dead. Genomic DNA was subjected to SCN5A mutational analyses and DNA sequencing revealing a novel, spontaneous germline missense mutation, M1766L. The M1766L mutation was engineered into the hH1a clone by site-directed mutagenesis, transfected into embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293), and studied by voltage clamp. Results: The M1766L mutation caused a significant decrease in the sodium channel expression. Co-expression with β1 subunit, incubation at low temperature, and most effectively incubation with mexiletine partially 'rescued' the defective expression. In addition to this pronounced loss of function, M1766L also showed a 10-fold increase in the persistent late sodium current. Conclusions: These findings suggest that M1766L–SCN5A channel dysfunction may contribute to the basis of lethal arrhythmias, displays an overlapping electrophysiological phenotype, and represents the first sodium channelopathy rescued by drug.
Soccer and futsal injuries in the netherlands
Authors: A van Hespen, J P Stege, J H Stubbe
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Participation in sports has beneficial effects on health. Unfortunately there are also negative effects due to sports injuries. The number of sports injuries in the Netherlands is about 3.6 million every year. A lot of those injuries occur during soccer. TNO developed a web-Based Injury information System (BIS) to study sports injuries. Objective To study the incidence, location, severity and risk factors of professional soccer and futsal injuries. Design In soccer a prospective cohort study was carried out by means of web-based information gathering. Data on background, injuries and recovery were registered during the season by the medical staff. A retrospective cohort study was carried out in futsal. Same data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire for the players. Setting Three cohorts of players were followed during one season: professional male soccer (2007), professional female soccer (2007–2008) and premier league male futsal (2009–2010). Participants 1.039 elite male soccer players, 118 elite female soccer players and 77 elite male futsal players. Outcome measurements Incidence, location, type, re-injury, overuse/trauma, duration of injuries. An injury was defined as physical complaints caused by soccer/futsal and resulting in a time loss from soccer/futsal of at least 1 day. Results Male soccer: 965 injuries, incidence 5.9, knee 20%, sprain/ligament 20%, 15% re-injury, 67% trauma, average duration 34 days. Female soccer: 125 injuries, incidence unknown, knee 22%, sprain/ligament 32%, 16% reinjury, 73% trauma, average duration 21 days. Male futsal: 58 injuries, incidence 3.1, ankle 38%, sprain/ligament 38%, 41% re-injury, 74% trauma, duration: 27% more than 4 weeks. Conclusions The rate of injuries among professional (fe)male soccer and premier league male futsal is high. Results for male and female soccer are in general comparable but different from results for futsal. BIS provides sports leagues with information that might help to improve their prevention management.
Pain Patterns in the Rheumatic Disorders
Authors: F. D. Hart, E. C. Huskisson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Pain patterns vary greatly in the different types of arthritis, from the localized agony without mental overtones in acute gout to the diffuse disorder we call rheumatoid arthritis, where inflammation of many joints, systemic illness, anaemia, anxiety, and depression are usually all present in some degree. Each pain pattern calls for a different therapeutic approach, physical, psychological, and pharmacological. Few patients suffer as much pain and suffering over many years as do chronic arthritics. It is all the more important to instruct them in the essentials of their own treatment. A patient with an occupied and instructed mind usually suffers less than an ignorant and depressed one, fearful of her disease and its complications and of the dark uncertain future that lies ahead.
734 TREATMENT WITH INFLIXIMAB INCREASES E-NOS ACTIVITY IN CIRRHOSIS THROUGH MODULATION OF THE DDAH-ADMA PATHWAY
Authors: V. Balasubramaniyan, N.A. Davies, G. Wright, R.N. Dalton, C. Turner, R. Williams, R. Jalan, R.P. Mookerjee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Cooperating gene mutations in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with special reference on mutations of ASXL1, TET2, IDH1, IDH2, and DNMT3A
Authors: Der-Cherng Liang, Hsi-Che Liu, Chao-Ping Yang, Tang-Her Jaing, Iou-Jih Hung, Ting-Chi Yeh, Shih-Hsiang Chen, Jen-Yin Hou, Ying-Jung Huang, Yu-Shu Shih, Yu-Hui Huang, Tung-Huei Lin, Lee-Yung Shih
Journal: Blood (2013)
<i>CHEK2</i> 1100delC Is a Susceptibility Allele for HNPCC-Related Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Marijke Wasielewski, Hans Vasen, Juul Wijnen, Maartje Hooning, Dennis Dooijes, Carli Tops, Jan G.M. Klijn, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Mieke Schutte
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: The pathogenic CHEK2 1100delC variant is firmly established as a breast cancer susceptibility allele. Dutch CHEK2 1100delC breast cancer families frequently also include colorectal cancer cases, and the variant is particularly prevalent among breast cancer families with hereditary breast and colorectal cancer. Yet, it is still unclear whether CHEK2 1100delC also confers a colorectal cancer risk independent of its breast cancer risk. Experimental Design:CHEK2 1100delC was genotyped in the index cases of 369 Dutch colorectal cancer families that had been excluded for familial breast cancer. The cohort included 132 cases with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and FAP-related disease, and 237 cases with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) and HNPCC-related disease. Results: None of the FAP/FAP-related cases carried the CHEK2 1100delC variant. In contrast, CHEK2 1100delC was present in 10 of 237 (4.2%) HNPCC/HNPCC-related cases that was significantly more prevalent than the 1.0% Dutch population frequency (odds ratio, 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-10.7; P = 0.002). Nine of the 10 CHEK2 1100delC colorectal cancer cases met the revised Amsterdam and/or Bethesda criteria. The 10 CHEK2 1100delC colorectal cancer families had a high-risk cancer inheritance pattern, including 35 colorectal cancer cases, 9 cases with polyps, and 21 cases with other tumor types. Conclusion: Our analysis provides strong evidence that the 1100delC variant of CHEK2 confers a colorectal cancer risk in HNPCC/HNPCC-related families, supporting the hypothesis that CHEK2 is a multiorgan cancer susceptibility gene.
Hyperuricemia in glycogen storage disease type I. Contributions by hypoglycemia and hyperglucagonemia to increased urate production.
Authors: J L Cohen, A Vinik, J Faller, I H Fox
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Studies were performed to determine whether hypoglycemia or the glucagon response to hypoglycemia increases uric acid production in glycogen storage disease type I (glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency). Three adults with this disease had hyperuricemia (serum urate, 11.3-12.4 mg/dl) and reduced renal clearance of urate (renal urate clearance, 1.1-3.1 ml/min). These abnormalities were improved in one patient by intravenous glucose infusion for 1 mo, suggesting a role for hypoglycemia and its attendant effects on urate metabolism and excretion. A pharmacologic dose of glucagon caused a rise in serum urate from 11.4 to 13.0 mg/dl, a ninefold increase in urinary excretion of oxypurines, a 65% increase in urinary radioactivity derived from radioactively labeled adenine nucleotides, and a 90% increase in urinary uric acid excretion. These changes indicate that intravenous glucagon increases ATP breakdown to its degradation products and thereby stimulates uric acid production. To observe whether physiologic changes in serum glucagon modulate ATP degradation, uric acid production was compared during saline and somatostatin infusions. Serum urate, urinary oxypurine, radioactivity, and uric acid excretion increased during saline infusion as patients became hypoglycemic. Infusion of somatostatin suppressed these increases despite hypoglycemia and decreased the elevated plasma glucagon levels from a mean of 81.3 to 52.2 pg/ml. These data suggest that hypoglycemia can stimulate uric acid synthesis in glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency. Glucagon contributes to this response by activating ATP degradation to uric acid.
The common −55 C/T polymorphism in the promoter region of the uncoupling protein 3 gene reduces prevalence of obesity and elevates serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the general Japanese population
Authors: Taku Hamada, Kazuhiko Kotani, Shinji Fujiwara, Yoshiko Sano, Masayuki Domichi, Kokoro Tsuzaki, Naoki Sakane
Journal: Metabolism (2008)
Book Review Cancer of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus Edited by Alfred M. Cohen and Sidney J. Winawer, with Michael A. Friedman and Leonard L. Gunderson. 1154 pp., illustrated. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1994. $125. 0-07-011601-6
Authors: Donald J. Glotzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)
Noninvasive Diagnosis of Caroli Syndrome Associated With Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis Using Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: JO??L DESROCHES, LAURENT SPAHR, FRANCOIS LEDUC, GILLES POMIER-LAYRARGUES, MICHEL PICARD, DANIEL PICARD, RAYMONDE CHARTRAND, JACQUES MORAIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A patient who was studied for portal hypertension had an enlarged liver and multiple hepatic cysts on abdominal CT scan. He underwent hepatobiliary scintigraphy using Tc-99m mebrofenin which documented communication of the cysts with the main biliary tree and allowed a noninvasive diagnosis of Caroli syndrome associated with congenital hepatic fibrosis.
Stab Wound of Heart
Authors: J. Holmes
Journal: BMJ (1956)

<h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate variation in Illinois hospital nurse staffing ratios and to determine whether higher nurse workloads are associated with mortality and length of stay for patients, and cost outcomes for hospitals. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional analysis of multiple data sources including a 2020 survey of nurses linked to patient outcomes data. <b>Setting</b>: 87 acute care hospitals in Illinois. <h3>Participants</h3> 210 493 Medicare patients, 65 years and older, who were hospitalised in a study hospital. 1391 registered nurses employed in direct patient care on a medical–surgical unit in a study hospital. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and length of stay. Deaths avoided and cost savings to hospitals were predicted based on results from regression estimates if hospitals were to have staffed at a 4:1 ratio during the study period. Cost savings were computed from reductions in lengths of stay using cost-to-charge ratios. <h3>Results</h3> Patient-to-nurse staffing ratios on medical-surgical units ranged from 4.2 to 7.6 (mean=5.4; SD=0.7). After adjusting for hospital and patient characteristics, the odds of 30-day mortality for each patient increased by 16% for each additional patient in the average nurse’s workload (95% CI 1.04 to 1.28; p=0.006). The odds of staying in the hospital a day longer at all intervals increased by 5% for each additional patient in the nurse’s workload (95% CI 1.00 to 1.09, p=0.041). If study hospitals staffed at a 4:1 ratio during the 1-year study period, more than 1595 deaths would have been avoided and hospitals would have collectively saved over $117 million. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patient-to-nurse staffing ratios vary considerably across Illinois hospitals. If nurses in Illinois hospital medical–surgical units cared for no more than four patients each, thousands of deaths could be avoided, and patients would experience shorter lengths of stay, resulting in cost-savings for hospitals.
Hypertriglyceridemia and lowered apolipoprotein C-II/C-III ratio in uremia: Effect of a fibric acid, clinofibrate
Authors: Yoshiki Nishizawa, Tetsuo Shoji, Hiroshi Nishitani, Makoto Yamakawa, Toshiaki Konishi, Koichi Kawasaki, Hirotoshi Morii
Journal: Kidney International (1993)