tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ABC of complementary medicine: Complementary medicine and the doctor
Authors: C. Zollman, A. Vickers
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Doctors deal with complementary medicine in a variety of professional situations. Patients may ask for advice about whether to pursue complementary therapies or which therapist to consult; they may request referral or delegation, either privately or on the NHS; or they may want to discuss treatment or advice given by complementary practitioners. Doctors prescribing drugs to patients taking complementary treatments may have concerns about possible interactions. Doctors should therefore consider strategies for minimising risk and facilitating sensible and appropriate discussions with patients and complementary practitioners.

Surveys of doctors' attitudes to complementary medicine show that, overall, physicians believe it is moderately effective, but low response rates make some studies unreliable. Although hospital doctors and older general practitioners tend to be more sceptical than younger doctors and medical students, most respondents believe that some of the more established forms are of benefit and should be available on the NHS. Younger doctors and medical students are more likely to perceive their knowledge of complementary medicine as inadequate and to want more tuition in the subject.

#### Common concerns of doctors about complementary medicine

Qualitative research shows that many doctors want to be supportive of patients' choices and would welcome further information, although they generally regard complementary therapies as scientifically unproved. Doctors' concerns about such therapies include whether they are used as an adjunct or an alternative to conventional care, how effective conventional treatments are in the given condition, and the possibility …
CUTANEOUS HYPEESENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN
Authors: BENTLEY PHILLIPS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1948)

Journal Article CUTANEOUS HYPEESENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN Get access BENTLEY PHILLIPS, M.D. BENTLEY PHILLIPS, M.D. Hon. Dermatologist, Sutton and Cheam General Hospital, Surrey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 60, Issue 11, 1 November 1948, Pages 375–378, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1948.tb10954.x Published: 01 November 1948
Morphologic Constitution and Smoking
Authors: Richard P. Delaplaine
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —After finishing "Morphologic Constitution and Smoking" by Carl C. Seltzer (<i>JAMA</i><b>183</b>:639 [Feb 23] 1963), a nagging thought has kept me from accepting the point of view of the author. What if tall college men had refused to heed that sanctimonious admonition, "smoking stunts your growth"? And short college men did heed it? Would not the results be the same? This hypothesis should be testable.
Pulmonary Aspects of Air Pollution.
Authors: Paul Kotin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Pulmonary Aspects of Air Pollution.Paul Kotin, M.D., Hans L. Falk, Ph.D., Doris P. Courington, M.D.Paul Kotin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Hans L. Falk, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Doris P. Courington, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-334_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe respiratory tract as the major portal of entry is the primary initial site of response to polluted urban air in the intact host. Air pollution is a generic term encompassing aerosol and gas phase chemical agents that can show extreme variation in chemical and physical properties, depending upon local industrial, socio-economic, and topographical factors. Epidemiologically, marked variation exists in the pattern of response of exposed populations on the basis of the concentration, persistence, and stability of chemical compounds, as well as the physiological states of the target hosts.While occasional isolated exposures to high and even lethal concentrations of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul Kotin, M.D.; Hans L. Falk, Ph.D.; Doris P. Courington, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 334-335KeywordsAir pollutionAttentionEpidemiologyPopulation statisticsRespiratory system ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cancer-targeted MDR-1 siRNA delivery using self-cross-linked glycol chitosan nanoparticles to overcome drug resistance
Authors: Ji Young Yhee, Seungyong Song, So Jin Lee, Sung-Gurl Park, Ki-Suk Kim, Myung Goo Kim, Sejin Son, Heebeom Koo, Ick Chan Kwon, Ji Hoon Jeong, Seo Young Jeong, Sun Hwa Kim, Kwangmeyung Kim
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Steps Toward the Meaningful Translation of Prevention Strategies for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: William T. Cefalu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

As a scientific and medical community, we are clearly in a position to take the next logical steps toward the ultimate goal to reduce progression to type 2 diabetes for our populations at risk. One can argue that we no longer need to debate on the incredible increase in obesity and in new cases of type 2 diabetes occurring worldwide. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 35% of U.S. adults aged 20 years or older may have prediabetes. When this statistic is applied to the entire U.S. population in 2010, it would suggest that prediabetic states exist in an estimated 79 million Americans aged 20 years or older (1). In addition, it is well recognized that because of both the associated comorbidities and complications and the costs associated with the care of the disease, diabetes will continue to represent one of the major health issues that we will face in the twenty-first century. Furthermore, there is no argument that the major factors contributing to the development of diabetes consist of lifestyle habits (i.e., physical inactivity and dietary intake) and obesity. It is now well documented that both lifestyle modification and metformin appear to be effective modalities in reducing the cumulative incidence of diabetes for at least 10 years (2–4). As such, evidence to date suggests that we are able to identify individuals in “prediabetic states” and that we can delay the progression to overt diabetes, at least as documented with intervention strategies tested in well-designed clinical trials. Thus, it appears that we are at a stage where we can begin discussions on implementing effective prevention strategies at a population-based level. In this regard, it is very timely that the American Diabetes Association (ADA), as part of its 2012–2015 Strategic Plan, will focus resources in the …
Abstract 4634: Engineered cysteine drug conjugates show potency and improved safety
Authors: Django Sussman, Lindsay Torrey, Lori Westendorf, Jaime B. Miyamoto, David W. Meyer, Robert Lyon, Steve Duniho, Dawn C. Hayes, Martha Anderson, Dennis R. Benjamin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are emerging as an important therapeutic option for new oncology drugs. In this abstract we present data on engineered cysteine antibodies (EC-mAbs) with an additional unpaired cysteine residue introduced at position 239 on each heavy chain to facilitate more uniform drug loading while interfering with Fc gamma receptor function. With the EC-mAb, we have identified a site that blocks Fc gamma receptor III (CD16) binding and has a number of additional desirable biochemical and biophysical properties. We demonstrate that EC-mAb-drug conjugates, with two drugs per antibody, retain antitumor activity in mouse xenograft experiments and are well tolerated in non-human primates. These data suggest that engineered cysteine antibodies are a potential alternative to conjugation of native cysteines for future ADCs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4634. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4634
Renal Medicine and Surgery
Authors: J. D. Fergusson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

present book, but there are a few surprising omissions.It is odd, for instance, to find no adequate discussion of thymus-derived and bone-marrow-derived lymphocytes, and fuller treatment of antilymphocyte serum would also have been welcome.But in general terms this book provides an invaluable survey of current knowledge in the field of inflammation and immunology and it is warmly recommended.
Alleviation of myocardial stunning by leukocyte and platelet depletion.
Authors: W Westlin, K M Mullane
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Neutrophils accumulate in myocardium rendered ischemic and reperfused. Activated neutrophils release mediators such as metabolites of oxygen that can compromise myocellular integrity and provoke cardiac dysfunction. Although it is established that leukopenia reduces infarct size, the role of leukocytes and the source of free radicals in postischemic contractile dysfunction is unresolved. A carotid left anterior descending coronary-artery extracorporeal circuit without (n = 8) or with a Leukopak filter (n = 6) to deplete the leukocytes and platelets from blood entering the left anterior descending artery was established in the anesthetized, open-chest dog 30 minutes before ischemia. Subendocardial segmental function was monitored by sonomicrometry, and ischemia was produced by stopping flow for 15 minutes followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Depleting leukocytes by 90 +/- 3.2% and platelets by 100% improved segmental function (from 30.5 +/- 7% to 74.1 +/- 12.7% for control versus leukocyte-depleted dogs, respectively) at 15 minutes of reperfusion. In the leukopenic group, however, there was a progressive decline in contractility to 32.5 +/- 13.8% by 3 hours of reperfusion that was associated with a return of leukocytes and, to a lesser extent, a return of platelets in the extracorporeal blood to 70.2 +/- 21.9% and 15.5 +/- 4.3% of systemic values, respectively. Removal of leukocytes and platelets from blood perfusing the coronary vascular bed only at reperfusion improved contractile function to 67.7 +/- 6.9% at 15 minutes and 54.7 +/- 12.1% at 3 hours (n = 6). Scanning electron microscopy revealed adherent leukocytes in the epicardial coronary arteries of control animals after 3 hours of reperfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Acute pancreatitis after argon plasma coagulation of duodenal polyps in a patient with familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: J. Weigt, L. Zimmermann, K. Mönkemüller, P. Malfertheiner
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Duodenal adenomas occur almost invariably in familial adenomatous polyposis [1], and patients with this syndrome can develop duodenal and ampullary cancers [2]. Therapies to prevent malignant transformation of duodenal adenomas include cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibition, endoscopic mucosal resection, polypectomy, and ablation with argon plasma coagulation (APC) [3].
Molecular Mechanism of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Action. I. The GnRH Receptor*
Authors: ELI HAZUM, P. MICHAEL CONN
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1988)

GONADOTROPIN-releasing hormone (GnRH)1 is a key integrator between the neural and endocrine systems (Fig. 1). This peptide is synthesized in hypothalamic neurosecretory cells then released in a pulsatile pattern into the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation. This pulsatile pattern provokes the secretion of the gonadotropins, LH and FSH, from the anterior pituitary. Gonadotropins, in turn, control the function of the gonads; LH stimulates ovulation and corpus luteum formation in females and androgen secretion in males, whereas FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in females and spermatogenesis in males. GnRH and its analogs also have direct actions on the gonads in some species by inhibiting steroidogenesis in males and ovulation in females (1). It is unlikely that hypothalamic-derived GnRH is responsible for these actions (because of the very low concentrations in the peripheral circulations), and the possibility remains open that a different molecule, made locally, may bind to this receptor in vivo. The ability of GnRH to stimulate reproductive functions (at pulsatile low doses) or suppress them (at high doses) has been clinically applied for various purposes (2), including the induction of ovulation and spermatogenesis, contraception, and for the treatment of precocious puberty, endometriosis, and steroiddependent tumors (i.e. prostate and breast cancer).
The yin and yang of evasion and immune activation in HCC
Authors: Oxana V. Makarova-Rusher, José Medina-Echeverz, Austin G. Duffy, Tim F. Greten
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)

Current systemic treatment options for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited to sorafenib. With the recent FDA approval of the second PD1-PD-L1 pathway inhibitor, immunotherapy has gained even more interest as a potential novel treatment option for patients with HCC. This is due not only because of the failure of other treatment approaches in the past, but also because immunological mechanisms have been shown to play an important role during tumor development, growth, and treatment. Here we present a review of immunological mechanisms in the liver relevant for tumor progression and treatment. We summarize our current knowledge on immune activating and immune suppressing mechanisms during tumor initiation, development, and treatment. We try to explain the paradox of how inflammatory responses in a setting of chronic infection promote tumor development, while the primary aim of immunotherapy is to activate immunity. Finally we summarize recent advances in addition to providing an outlook for the immunotherapy of HCC.
Development of a Sox2 reporter system modeling cellular heterogeneity in glioma
Authors: Kevin Stoltz, Maksim Sinyuk, James S. Hale, Qiulian Wu, Balint Otvos, Kiera Walker, Amit Vasanji, Jeremy N. Rich, Anita B. Hjelmeland, Justin D. Lathia
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Malignant gliomas are complex systems containing a number of factors that drive tumor initiation and progression, including genetic aberrations that lead to extensive cellular heterogeneity within the neoplastic compartment. Mouse models recapitulate these genetic aberrations, but readily observable heterogeneity remains challenging.To interrogate cellular heterogeneity in mouse glioma models, we utilized a replication-competent avian sarcoma-leukosis virus long terminal repeat with splice acceptor/tumor virus A (RCAS-tva) system to generate spontaneous mouse gliomas that contained a Sox2-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-tva mice were crossed with Sox2-EGFP mice, and tumors were initiated that contained a subpopulation of Sox2-EGFP-high cells enriched for tumor-initiating cell properties such as self-renewal, multilineage differentiation potential, and perivascular localization.Following implantation into recipient mice, Sox2-EGFP-high cells generated tumors containing Sox2-EGFP-high and Sox2-EGFP-low cells. Kinomic analysis of Sox2-EGFP-high cells revealed activation of known glioma signaling pathways that are strongly correlated with patient survival including platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta, phosphoinositide-3 kinase, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Our functional analysis identified active feline sarcoma (Fes) signaling in Sox2-EGFP-high cells. Fes negatively correlated with glioma patient survival and was coexpressed with Sox2-positive cells in glioma xenografts and primary patient-derived tissue.Our RCAS-tva/Sox2-EGFP model will empower closer examination of cellular heterogeneity and will be useful for identifying novel glioma pathways as well as testing preclinical treatment efficacy.
EPHEDRINE AND PICROTOXIN USED SUCCESSFULLY IN AMYTAL POISONING
Authors: John H. Arnett
Journal: JAMA (1933)

A girl, aged 3¾ years, at about 11:30 a. m., seemed excited and fretful, threw herself about and talked incessantly with a thick enunciation. She fell down again and again in attempting to walk. Her eyes wandered and were apparently unable to fix on any object. Soon she became drowsy and was unable to stand, owing apparently to weakness in the lower extremities. At 11:50, an open box which had previously contained several (probably not more than four) 1½2 grain (0.1 Gm.) tablets of amytal (isoamylethylbarbituric acid) was found in the room in which she had been playing. The child was promptly given two teaspoonfuls of syrup of ipecac, which produced vomiting at 12:20 p. m., the vomitus being saved and later giving a positive reaction for the barbital derivatives. I saw her at 1:20, at which time she showed flushing of the face and unconsciousness, vigorous shaking
Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in ocular histoplasmosis: Uncontrolled, open-label 2-year study
Authors: Philip J. Rosenfeld, David A. Saperstein, Neil M. Bressler, Troy A. Reaves, Michel Sickenberg, Robert H. Rosa, Paul Sternberg, Thomas M. Aaberg, Thomas M. Aaberg
Journal: Ophthalmology (2004)
Dietary assessment in five cases of allergic reactions due to gastroallergic anisakiasis
Authors: A Alonso, A Moreno‐Ancillo, A Daschner, M López‐Serrano
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background : Anisakis simplex can cause allergic reactions in sensitized patients. Some of these reactions are related to acute parasitism, as is shown in gastroallergic anisakiasis (anisakiasis with digestive and predominantly allergic symptoms). At present, a nonseafood diet is recommended for all patients with any kind of A. simplex allergy. We wished to confirm the clinical suspicion that patients with allergic symptoms after ingestion of raw or undercooked seafood who are sensitized to A. simplex , and diagnosed with gastroallergic anisakiasis, can tolerate the ingestion of seafood when the parasites are dead and noninfective. Methods : We included patients diagnosed with gastroallergic anisakiasis (positive skin prick test or/and serum specific IgE to A. simplex , with one or more parasites found by gastroscopy in the stomach). Patients included in the study gave written, informed consent. Specimens of A. simplex about 2 cm long were selected, placed in capsules, and frozen at −20°C for more than 48 h to make them noninfective. We administered 11 specimens to every patient at the hospital. If they tolerated the larvae, they were told to eat well‐frozen seafood (−20°C at least 48 h). After 6 months, the patients were re‐evaluated. Results : Five patients accepted the challenge with noninfective A. simplex larvae. All tolerated the noninfective larvae. After eating deep‐frozen seafood for 6 months, no patient suffered a reaction. Conclusions : In gastroallergic anisakiasis, the antigens of the live parasite probably cause the allergic symptoms. Patients with this disease can tolerate deep‐frozen seafood, in which the parasites are dead.
Respiratory Infections: A Scientific Basis for Management
Authors: Jerry D. Smilack
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.<i>Hantavirus</i>-associated lung disease. Plague pneumonia. Penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Headlines and news anchors toss the terms about with urgency and facility. The general public is questioning whether there is reason to be alarmed. At a time like this,<i>Respiratory Infections</i>is a welcome resource promising by way of its subtitle to offer "a scientific basis for management." Few infections are as difficult for the practicing physician as pneumonia. The plethora of microorganisms causing pulmonary infection, the difficulty of obtaining a specimen adequate for microbiologic analysis, the large number of antimicrobial agents—all these factors tend to magnify the confusion and uncertainty clinicians feel about pneumonia.<i>Legionella, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycobacterium avium</i>complex, and<i>Pneumocystis</i>. Is there no end to this expanding list of pulmonary pathogens? Should a sputum culture report indicating presence of<i>Pseudomonas</i>dictate a change in antibiotic therapy? How can nosocomial pulmonary infection be prevented? Is "selective digestive tract
Overcoming Barriers to Discussing Out-of-Pocket Costs With Patients
Authors: Kevin R. Riggs, Peter A. Ubel
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Emergency Maneuver in High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Jerry Bock
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) may occasionally experience alveolar flooding and fluid-filled airways caused by copious amounts of pulmonary edema fluid. The mechanism of death in such cases is usually asphyxiation within a few hours unless prompt descent can be achieved or high-flow oxygen therapy is administered.<sup>1</sup>For this reason, a personal observation of what was probably a life-saving maneuver to increase fluid removal from the airways in a patient with a severe episode of HAPE is described herein. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 33-year-old experienced mountaineer had a history of episodes of HAPE experienced while camping and climbing in the Sierra Nevadas above 3,050 m (10,000 ft). While on a trek in Nepal, HAPE developed at an altitude of 5,100 m (16,700 ft). The only evacuation route involved crossing a 5,800-m (19,000-ft) pass where the group was forced to camp. During the evening, the