tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immediate Hemodynamic Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade with Propranolol in Normotensive and Hypertensive Man
Authors: MILOS ULRYCH, EDWARD D. FROHLICH, HARRIET P. DUSTAN, IRVINE H. PAGE
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Immediate hemodynamic effects of beta-adrenergic blockade were determined in six normal subjects and 21 hypertensive patients following intravenous administration of propranolol. Arterial pressure was not reduced, but cardiac output fell by approximately 20% in both groups. Nevertheless, beta-adrenergic inhibition seemed to have different effects in the two groups: Propranolol produced a greater inhibition of chronotropic activity in the hypertensive patients, and of stroke volume in the normotensive individuals whose pretreatment heart rate was slower than that of the hypertensives. This difference suggests that chronotropic beta-adrenergic activity may be increased in hypertension but does not explain reduction in arterial pressure following oral treatment with propranolol.
Increased <scp>CCL</scp> 22 expression in psoriatic skin predicts a good response to infliximab therapy
Authors: S. Kusumoto, I. Kajihara, E. Nagamoto, K. Makino, A. Ichihara, J. Aoi, T. Johno, T. Makino, S. Fukushima, M. Jinnin, H. Ihn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)
Style in medical journals.
Authors: D E Adams Smith
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A study of medical journals from 1962 showed a constant preoccupation with style. Editors and contributors on both sides of the Atlantic revile unnecessary obscurity and complexity and the use of jargon, barbarisms, vogue words, and weak impersonal constructions. They bewail the pompous use of verbiage and the "medspeak" typified by acronyms and neologisms created by affixation. Suggestions for possible causes of poor medical style range from editorial demands for compression and a general ignorance of the principles of good writing to faulty logic and the subordination of communication to status seeking. The consequences of bad writing may include the fragmentation of knowledge, an increase in the importance of abstracting services, a trend towards free glossy medical newspapers, and, as remedial measures, workshops and courses in medical writing. Some implications for English language teachers working with foreign medical graduates and preclinical students are discussed.
Sexuality in Females with "Hysteria"
Authors: HARRY PROSEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Much has been written on sexuality in female hysterics. No author seems to have established a direct relationship between frigidity and hysteria. The literature shows confusion in the definition of hysterical personality. Many hysterics have a strong pregenital element added to the genital fixation. Two cases are presented of women with the ability to achieve and enjoy an unusual amount of sexual pleasure in heterosexual relationships. Both of these patients had earlier incestuous ties in which there were strong pregenital elements. As the patients achieved insight in therapy their sexual relationships became much more "usual." It is suggested, therefore, that in certain cases of female hysteria where the pregenital fixation is strong and there is primarily an oral dependency on the father a variation of the usual sexual picture is possible, so that instead of the customary frigidity an unusual degree of sexual gratification may be achieved.
The Psychopathic Manifestations of the Non-Insane Psychoneuroses.
Authors: A. Rose
Journal: JAMA (1905)

New York, Dec. 8, 1905. <h3>To the Editor</h3> —In the valuable article under the above title inThe Journal, December 2, Dr. John Punton makes some timely remarks on inexact nomenclature. I wish to add some suggestions: As physicians giving the word in our own language, we say disease of the mind and not disease of the soul; German physicians say<i>Geisteskrankheit</i>, which is also distinctly disease of the mind in distinction from<i>Seelenkrankheit</i>, disease of the soul; the French say likewise disease of the mind, namely,<i>frénesie</i>, and not disease of the soul, which would be<i>maladie de l'âme</i>, and the Greeks, like Frenchmen and Germans, in their own language call it phrenopathia, when they mean the medical term, not psychopathia; they do not say psychocomion, but phrenocomion for lunatic asylum. At this occasion no criticism is intended, but only statement of facts. Another fact is that psychosis in
Diffuse Pulmonary Ossification Detected by Bone Scanning with Tc-99m Hydroxymethylene Diphosphate
Authors: DAVID A. SAKS, ERIC C. McCLEES, WILLIAM A. FAJMAN, WAYNE M. HOLLINGER, MURRAY J. GILMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare pathologic finding of heterotopic bone formation within the lungs. It has been associated with mitral stenosis, chronic left ventricular failure, interstitial fibrosis, metastatic breast cancer, pulmonary amyloidosis, histoplasmosis, and chronic busulfan therapy (1-3). This patient represents a case associated with Placidyl® use.
ON THE TREATMENT OF DYSENTERY
Authors: G. A. Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (1917)

4T6 )I D tAToutxAT 1 ithers, thouglh much lmproved, require more, and in these ipatients, after waiting forty-eight hours, I give a further 6O or 80 c.cm.This amount has been sufficient to culre some very severe cases, but a few of the worst may need a third or even a fourth dose.Some cases of the fulminating variety have been given 140 or 160 c.cm. serum within twenty-four hours of admission, but in these patients the first injection should, if possible, be given Intravenously, for every moment saved is of vital importance.Inthe majority of patients antidysentery serum acts like magic, but there are a very Yew in whom it seems only to have a slight beneficial effect.If four doses of 80 c.cmn.
Consistently very poorly controlled asthma, as defined by the impairment domain of the Expert Panel Report 3 guidelines, increases risk for future severe asthma exacerbations in The Epidemiology and Natural History of Asthma: Outcomes and Treatment Regimens (TENOR) study
Authors: Tmirah Haselkorn, James E. Fish, Robert S. Zeiger, Stanley J. Szefler, Dave P. Miller, Bradley E. Chipps, F. Estelle R. Simons, Scott T. Weiss, Sally E. Wenzel, Larry Borish, Eugene R. Bleecker
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
GAO: DHHS Needs to Improve Its Oversight of Clinical Data Registries
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diagnosis of Lyme Disease-Reply
Authors: Henry M. Feder
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I appreciate Dr Sigal's letter and would like to make a few additional comments. It is true that occasionally a patient with early disseminated Lyme disease (manifest as facial nerve palsy) will lack detectable<i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i>antibodies in the serum using standard testing. Standard testing involves performing an IgM and IgG ELISA determination, then doing a confirmatory Western blot if one or both are positive. Lack of<i>B burgdorferi</i>antibody early in the course of disseminated Lyme disease was demonstrated by a study<sup>1</sup>in Suffolk County, New York, where Lyme disease is highly endemic. This study reported that eight of 32 patients with acute facial palsy had Lyme disease. Seven of these eight patients were initially seropositive, while the eighth patient did not become seropositive until a convalescent serum specimen was obtained 5 weeks later. Thus, there is a need for more sensitive antibody tests. Sigal suggests
<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>Pneumonia Presenting as Localized Nodular Densities
Authors: Alan S. Cross, Roy T. Steigbigel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

SINCE roentgenographic examination of the chest is an initial form of evaluation of the dyspneic patient, an appreciation of the spectrum of roentgenographic findings that suggest the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia will facilitate the diagnostic process. The chest roentgenogram findings beyond the "characteristic" picture, which is so often stressed, have been reviewed.1 The patient described below initially had two discrete nodules that proved to be localized accumulations of pneumocystis organisms.Case ReportIn this 28-year-old man chronic renal failure secondary to membranous glomerulonephritis developed, and bilateral nephrectomy, splenectomy, and cadaver-kidney transplantation were performed on May 25, 1973. His medications . . .
'OPPORTUNISTIC' AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASE AND 'OPPORTUNISTIC' MALIGNANCY FROM IMPAIRED CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY?
Authors: Robert J. Cairns
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article ‘OPPORTUNISTIC’ AUTO‐IMMUNE DISEASE AND ‘OPPORTUNISTIC’ MALIGNANCY FROM IMPAIRED CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY? Get access Robert J. Cairns Robert J. Cairns St Bartholomew's Hospital, Rochester, Kent Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 5, 1 November 1974, Pages 601–602, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12953.x Published: 01 November 1974
Strategies for the Treatment of Sepsis
Authors: H. Shaw Warren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

A remarkable number of clinical trials have been performed in the past decade to evaluate drugs for the treatment of sepsis. The mechanism of action of most of these agents is based on one of two unproved assumptions relating to sepsis in humans. The first is that endotoxin (bacterial lipopolysaccharide) contributes to the morbidity and mortality caused by infection with gram-negative bacteria. The second assumption is that a major part of the pathophysiology in patients with sepsis is due to an overproduction of one or many secondarily induced host mediators. The evidence for these widespread beliefs is that when lipopolysaccharide . . .
Prenatal Exposure to Famine and Brain Morphology in Schizophrenia
Authors: Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Hans W. Hoek, Ezra Susser, Alan S. Brown, Alexandra Dingemans, Hugo G. Schnack, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Lino Moreira Pereira Ramos, Christine C. Gispen-de Wied, René S. Kahn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed the effects of nutritional deficiency during the first trimester of pregnancy on brain morphology in patients with schizophrenia.METHOD: Nine schizophrenic patients and nine healthy comparison subjects exposed during the first trimester of gestation to the Dutch Hunger Winter were evaluated with magnetic resonance brain imaging, as were nine schizophrenic patients and nine healthy subjects who were not prenatally exposed to the famine.RESULTS: Prenatal famine exposure in patients with schizophrenia was associated with decreased intracranial volume. Prenatal Hunger Winter exposure alone was related to an increase in brain abnormalities, predominantly white matter hyperintensities.CONCLUSIONS: Nutritional deficiency during the first trimester of gestation resulted in an increase in clinical brain abnormalities and was associated with aberrant early brain development in patients with schizophrenia. Stunted brain development secondary to factors that affect brain growth during the first trimester of gestation may thus be a potential risk factor for developing schizophrenia.
Endoscopic Prediction of Recurrent Bleeding in Peptic Ulcers
Authors: David W. Storey, Stephen G. Bown, C. Paul Swain, Paul R. Salmon, J. Squire Kirkham, Timothy C. Northfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

We performed endoscopy within 24 hours of admission in 292 unselected patients admitted to the hospital for acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. In 132 patients endoscopy revealed peptic ulcers, and in 117 full examination of the crater was possible. Visible vessels were identified in 56 patients (48 per cent); other stigmata of recent bleeding (such as oozing from the ulcer crater) were present in 21 (18 per cent), and no stigmata in 40 (34 per cent). Among the patients with either visible vessels or other stigmata of recent bleeding, 47 were randomly selected to be observed (without treatment) for evidence of further bleeding. Nineteen of 34 patients with visible vessels (56 per cent) had rebleeding, as compared with one of 13 (8 per cent) with other stigmata of recent hemorrhage; no patients with ulcers without visible vessels or other stigmata of recent hemorrhage bled further. We conclude that after bleeding occurs, visible vessels can be identified in a much higher proportion of ulcers than previously reported, and that rebleeding occurs almost exclusively in this type of ulcer, although only half the ulcers with visible vessels do in fact bleed further.
TGF-β Signaling Mediates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndMT) During Vein Graft Remodeling
Authors: Brian C. Cooley, Jose Nevado, Jason Mellad, Dan Yang, Cynthia St. Hilaire, Alejandra Negro, Fang Fang, Guibin Chen, Hong San, Avram D. Walts, Robin L. Schwartzbeck, Brandi Taylor, Jan D. Lanzer, Andrew Wragg, Abdalla Elagha, Leilani E. Beltran, Colin Berry, Robert Feil, Renu Virmani, Elena Ladich, Jason C. Kovacic, Manfred Boehm
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Veins grafted into an arterial environment undergo a complex vascular remodeling process. Pathologic vascular remodeling often results in stenosed or occluded conduit grafts. Understanding this complex process is important for improving the outcome of patients with coronary and peripheral artery disease undergoing surgical revascularization. Using in vivo murine cell lineage-tracing models, we show that endothelial-derived cells contribute to neointimal formation through endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which is dependent on early activation of the Smad2/3-Slug signaling pathway. Antagonism of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling by TGF-β neutralizing antibody, short hairpin RNA-mediated Smad3 or Smad2 knockdown, Smad3 haploinsufficiency, or endothelial cell-specific Smad2 deletion resulted in decreased EndMT and less neointimal formation compared to controls. Histological examination of postmortem human vein graft tissue corroborated the changes observed in our mouse vein graft model, suggesting that EndMT is operative during human vein graft remodeling. These data establish that EndMT is an important mechanism underlying neointimal formation in interpositional vein grafts, and identifies the TGF-β-Smad2/3-Slug signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target to prevent clinical vein graft stenosis.
CONGENITAL PYLORIC STENOSIS: WITH OBSERVATIONS BASED ON 209 CONSECUTIVE CASES
Authors: W. A. Thompson, W. F. Gaisford
Journal: BMJ (1935)

URDICA HEBRHAL 10 MEDICAL JOURNAL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ and in older patients I do not think its results compare with those of surgery.Regarding the basal metabolic rate, while it is always interesting to have information as complete as possible, I should not regard it as indispensable in a straightforward case.It is invaluable in the " formes frustes," in differential diagnosis, and in deciding whether an incomplete result is due to continuance of hyperthy- roidism; but with private patients whose means are lirnited it should not be demanded as a routine if the clinical condition is clear, or unless the information desired is actuallv necessarv.
Abstract 3905: Identification of new tumor-specific splice variants in NSCL cancers by whole genome exon arrays
Authors: Christelle Ghoneim, Tony Kaoma, Nathalie Nicot, Bernardin François, Petr Nazarov, Arnaud Muller, Philippe Birembaut, Laurent Vallar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Although lung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer death in men and women worldwide, the molecular pathogenesis of this disease remains elusive. The contribution of alternative splicing (AS) to cancer pathogenesis and progression is emerging as an area of considerable interest. Cancer-specific splice variants seem to play a key role in disease mechanism and etiology. In this study, we analyzed 20 matched pairs of tumor specimens of Adenocarcinomas (AC), Squamous Cell Carcinomas (SCC) and adjacent normal tissue using Affymetrix GeneChip Exon microarrays. With this technology, it is possible to profile simultaneously gene expression and alternative splicing patterns for the entire genome using a single array. At the exon level, multiple probes for each exon enable the discrimination among different isoforms of a gene. Total RNA from tumors or normal tissue samples were amplified using the Ambion whole transcript expression kit and were hybridized onto GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Array®. Data generated were normalized using RMA and were subjected to several layers of filtering (DABG filter, Multiple mRNAs filter). The delta splice index (ΔSI) was calculated, and alternative splicing events were detected using MIDAS and Rank Product method. Probesets were ranked based on their SI p-values. By comparing tumor samples to the corresponding normal subgroups, we generated a list of 1689 splice variant candidates for SCC and 1010 for AC showing significant differential expression between normal and tumor tissues. Top candidates in each tumor subtype were selected based on their ΔSI for manual inspection and further bioinformatics analysis. Study of alternatively spliced candidates revealed that approximately 30 % of the genes were detected in both types of cancer. Gene function analysis combining text mining and knowledge-based approaches indicated that the largest subset (70 %) of these genes was related to cancer. Within this group, 30% of genes were related to lung cancers. Interestingly the major part (85%) of variant candidates was not previously associated with AS events in cancer. We focused our attention on this latter group and, through validation by RT/PCR, confirmed the existence of new specific alternative splicing events occurring in each cancer type. In addition, we identified biological pathways and gene networks that are specifically altered in AC or SCC. The cancer-specific AS variants and pathways identified in our study are promising biomarkers and targets for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3905. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3905
Screening for glaucoma
Authors: Russell Harris
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Waiting until our vision clears 

Deciding about screening can be complex. First, we must distinguish screening from case-finding. It is always important for primary care physicians to ask appropriate questions and listen carefully to detect early symptoms that patients may not immediately offer—case-finding. All agree that people with signs or symptoms need to be evaluated. Screening as used here involves people with no signs or symptoms of the problem being discussed.

Although it is difficult to be opposed to finding disease earlier—screening sometimes does extend life and/or improve the quality of life—screening also has its down side. The harder we look for disease in asymptomatic people, the more we find not only the diseases that we seek, but also “pseudo-disease”—conditions that have some appearance of disease but never cause problems for real people. There are many examples: early cervical dysplasia, small (less than 5 mm) colonic polyps, many cases of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast, small (3 to 3.9 cm) abdominal aortic aneurysms, many cases of prostate cancer, and probably many of the “abnormalities” found on total body computerized tomography screening. It is difficult to think of a screening situation where there is not some degree of detection of “pseudo-disease.”

Ideally, we would recognize pseudo-disease for what it is—a “lesion” that needs no treatment. Unfortunately, this is often difficult to …
Recombinant angiopoietin-1 restores higher-order architecture of growing blood vessels in mice in the absence of mural cells
Authors: Akiyoshi Uemura, Minetaro Ogawa, Masanori Hirashima, Takashi Fujiwara, Shinji Koyama, Hitoshi Takagi, Yoshihito Honda, Stanley J. Wiegand, George D. Yancopoulos, Shin-Ichi Nishikawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Interactions between endothelial cells (ECs) and perivascular mural cells (MCs) via signaling molecules or physical contacts are implicated both in vascular remodeling and maintenance of vascular integrity. However, it remains unclear how MCs regulate the morphogenic activity of ECs to form an organized vascular architecture, comprising distinct artery, vein, and capillary, from a simple mesh-like network. A clear elucidation of this question requires an experimental model system in which ECs are separated from MCs and yet form vascular structures. Here we report that injection of an antagonistic mAb against PDGFR-β into murine neonates provides such an experimental system in the retina by completely blocking MC recruitment to developing vessels. While a vascular network was formed even in the absence of MCs, it was poorly remodeled and leaky. Using this vascular system ideal for direct assessment of the activities of MC-derived molecules, we show that addition of recombinant modified angiopoietin-1 restored a hierarchical vasculature, and also rescued retinal edema and hemorrhage in the complete absence of MCs. These observations demonstrate the potential of Ang1 as a new therapeutic modality for MC dropout in diseases such as diabetic retinopathies.