tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of intravenous nitroglycerin on hemodynamics, coronary blood flow and morphologically and enzymatically estimated infarct size in conscious dogs.
Authors: T Fukuyama, K B Schechtman, R Roberts
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Nitroglycerin (TNG) decreases ST-segment elevation accompanying myocardial ischemia, but its effect on morphometrically and enzymatically estimated infarct size (IS) has not been defined. Accordingly, coronary occlusion was produced in 92 conscious dogs; 65 survived for 24 hours. Thirty-three received TNG (200-300 microgram/min i.v. for 8 hours) and the results were compared with those in 32 untreated dogs. Coronary blood flow (CBF) was measured with tracer microspheres (141Ce, 85Sr and 95Nb) 5 minutes after occlusion before TNG, 20 minutes after TNG and again at 8 hours. Mean blood pressure decreased from 103 to 84 mm Hg with TNG, vs 99 to 94 mm Hg in controls (p > 0.02). Nitroglycerin increased CBF in the subendocardium of ischemic areas by 45% (0.09 to 0.13 ml/min/g). The dogs were sacrificed after 24 hours and IS was estimated morphometrically (25 +/- 1% vs 27 +/- 1% of left ventricular weight) and from myocardial CK depletion (23 +/- 1% vs 24 +/- 1%) were similar for the two groups. Thus, despite increased subendocardial CBF, prolonged i.v. TNG did not decrease infarct size, although a 15% difference would have been detected with this sample size. TNG may relieve coronary spasm but does not appear to be beneficial with sustained coronary occlusion.
Assessment of Renal Allograft Pathology by Scintigraphic and Ultrasound Index-markers
Authors: E A GEORGE, ZARRIN SALIMI, M K WOLVERSON, P J GARVIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The efficacies of two scintigraphic and two sonographic techniques and resultant index values, as markers of renal allograft pathology, were assessed. Index values of 183 combined scintigraphic and sonographic examinations in 47 graft recipients were compared to the pathological diagnosis of transplant biopsies and subsequent clinical outcome. All recipients were studied with baseline imaging techniques postoperatively, again when indicated by predefined clinical criteria, and prior to graft biopsy. The scintigraphic technique involved the calculation of indices of thrombotic activity and cortical graft perfusion. Ultrasound involved determination of the Doppler resistance index of Pourcelot and estimations of graft volume from real time images. A decreased cortical perfusion index was, overall, the most sensitive index of acute or chronic graft pathology, but it lacked specificity. Increased thrombotic and resistance indices were 96% and 86% sensitive for acute vascular rejection and were 82% and 76% specific. Jointly increased thrombotic and resistance indices improved the specificity for acute vascular rejection to 98%. An increase in graft volume of more than 50% over stable values was 100% sensitive and 92% specific for acute interstitial rejection, and 95% specific when paired with a normal thrombotic index. A marked increase in the thrombotic index was 100% sensitive for cyclosporine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy, but only 49% specific. The specificity of a markedly increased thrombotic index for thrombotic microangiopathy improved to 93% when the Doppler resistance index remained normal or was only marginally elevated. None of the scintigraphic or ultrasound indices were helpful for the diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis, chronic rejection, recurrent glomerulopathy, or graft infection.
Who Will Deliver Your Baby?
Authors: J C Niall
Journal: BMJ (1981)

patients in less time.Its use minimises the patient's suffering and time off work, and also results in a considerable saving in dressings and nurses' and doctors' time.Now that the very occasional risk of a patient developing pseudomembranous colitis is well known and because this complication, should it occur, can be effectively treated for a modest expense, I consider it appropriate to continue giving our patients the benefit of this very effective antibiotic.
Early results of closed partial menisectomy.
Authors: D J Dandy
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Thirty patients underwent partial meniscectomy through two puncture incisions by a closed technique under arthroscopic control. "Bucket-handle" fragments were removed from 17 knees, and flaps or tags from the remainder. The mean stay in hospital after operation was 1.3 days and the mean time for return to working fitness was 10.5 days. There were no serious complications. Further study of the long-term results of this technique is needed.
Tic Douloureux: Etiology, Refined Treatment
Authors: James G. Wepsic
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The similarity of the periodicity and location of lesions in herpes simplex and trigeminal neuralgia prompted Behrman and Knight1 to suggest that herpes simplex may play an etiological part in trigeminal neuralgia. This relatively common severe unilateral facial pain classically characterized by outbursts of lancinating pain provoked by obvious sensory stimuli in patients with no apparent neurologic deficit seemed to precede the outbreak of herpetic vesicles in their patients and superficially had some epidemiologic features similar to herpes simplex. The report by Baringer and Swoveland in this issue of the Journal describing the herpes-simplex virus in human trigeminal ganglions places . . .
Reviews and Notes: The Physician-Computer Connection: A Practical Guide to Physician Involvement in Hospital Information Systems
Authors: Steven Krogull
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine1 February 1994Reviews and Notes: The Physician-Computer Connection: A Practical Guide to Physician Involvement in Hospital Information SystemsSteven KrogullSteven KrogullMedical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-3-199402010-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Physician-Computer Connection: A Practical Guide to Physician Involvement in Hospital Information SystemsWilliam F. Bria II and Richard L. Rydell. 96 pages. Chicago: American Hospital Publishing; 1992. $29.95 for members of the American Hospital Association; $37.50 for nonmembers.Implementation of a hospital information system is a complex task involving many constituents. The physician has frequently been an outsider in the design and implementation of these systems. However, physicians themselves are increasingly seeking to influence this process. Various aspects of the relation between physicians and the use of a hospital information system have been addressed in several hundred articles, at ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1994Volume 120, Issue 3Page: 254KeywordsComplex systemsHealth careHealth care providersHealth information technologyInformation technologyInternetSoftware design ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Fetal Environment and Schizophrenia
Authors: Mark G. A. Opler, Ezra S. Susser
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Schizophrenia and related disorders are adult-onset illnesses with no definitively established risk factors. Several studies report that exposures to infection and nutritional deprivation during early development may elevate the risk of later developing schizophrenia, specifically during the prenatal period. Preliminary evidence implicates lead exposure as well, suggesting that chemical exposures during early development may constitute a new class of risk factors for schizophrenia that has not been adequately investigated. Exposure to lead is given as an example of a chemical agent for which some effects have been described throughout the life course on both general neurodevelopmental outcomes and now on a specific psychiatric diagnosis. Findings from prospectively collected birth cohorts are offered as examples of both innovations in methodology and opportunities for future generations of investigators.
Case-Taking by Notation
Authors: H. Veale
Journal: BMJ (1879)

I03 I05 0 00 0.., OZ 010 Ci) Ci) cn Ci) 0n 0 is ctl i nis is tne representation or tne note-DooK mentionea aDove.Sleep.-In regard to sleep, it is well to note, as nearly as possible, the total number of hours during which the patient has slept, and the numeral expresses this; but the abbreviations n. and ir. are also useful to indicate normal and irregular or broken sleep respectively.'kT--1.. 1..
An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay specific for transient ‘29‐37‐kDa) fragments of soluble CD23/IgE‐binding factors
Authors: A. Katira, J. Gordon
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The low‐affinity IgE receptor ‘FcɛRII) of B cells and monocytes ‐ also known as CD23 ‐ is released from the cell surface by proteolytic cleavage to yield a series of soluble fragments which can accumulate in cell culture supernatants and body fluids. Of these, the most stable is a 25‐kDa molecule which is generated from transient intermediates ranging in size from 29 to 37 kDa. It has been claimed that these latter species act as IgE‐promoting factors while the 25‐kDa molecule is endowed with various cytokine‐like activities which are independent of IgE binding. We describe here a novel enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay ‘ELISA) which allows for the distinction between these two classes of soluble CD23. It is based on the observation that the CD23 antibody EBVCS1 can capture recombinant 29‐kDa and 37‐kDa fragments of CD23 but does not bind to the 25‐kDa species: when EBVCS5 is used as the capture antibody, all three fragments are bound. The availability of these differential ELISA should facilitate investigations on the biological properties of CD23 fragments in health and disease.
Familial macrothrombocytopenia associated with decreased glycosylation of platelet membrane glycoprotein IV
Authors: Yuji Yufu, Hiroshi Ideguchi, Takahiro Narishige, Eiichi Suematsu, Kazunori Toyoda, Junji Nishimura, Hajime Nawata, Susumu Oda
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A case of hereditary thrombocytopenia with large platelets (familial macrothrombocytopenia, FM) is reported. Studies on the platelets from the propositus showed decreased glycosylation of platelet membrane glycoprotein IV, which would distinguish the case from other FM previously described.
Parkinsonian Features
Authors: Irene Litvan
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1061-100 Predictors of reinfarction after ST elevation myocardial infarction and glycoprotein receptor blockade: Analysis from the CADILLAC trial
Authors: Gregory G Pellizzon, Steve P Marso, Cindy L Grines, David A Cox, Eulogio Garcia, James E Tcheng, John J Griffin, Giulio Guagliumi, Thomas Stuckey, Mark Turco, John D Carroll, Alexandra J Lansky, Roxana Mehran, Barry D Rutherford, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
The influence of age, diagnosis, and gender on proper use of metered-dose inhalers.
Authors: D E Goodman, E Israel, M Rosenberg, R Johnston, S T Weiss, J M Drazen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are widely used in clinical practice for administering pharmaceuticals targeted to the lung. It is well known that the inhalation technique used with MDIs can substantially influence the clinical response to inhaled medications. To determine the acceptability of MDI maneuvers, we studied 59 subjects (26 females and 33 males; age, 20 to 81 yr; mean age, 38 yr) to determine whether the MDI technique used by these individuals complied with published recommendations for acceptable inhalation technique. Measurements were made with an MDI adapter that contained an unobtrusive, lightweight, miniature sensing system. Inspiratory flow at the moment of MDI actuation (Va), the volume (integrated from airflow) at actuation as a fraction of total inspiratory volume (Va/VI), breath-holding time (tBH), and inspiratory volume as a fraction of FVC (VI/FVC) were determined from 59 uncoached inhalations. We defined an acceptable maneuver, based on published data, by four components: (1) inspiratory flow at actuation (Va) between 25 and 90 L/min; (2) actuation during early inspiration (0 < Va/VI < or = 0.20); (3) adequate breath-holding time (tBH > 4 s), and (4) a deep inhalation (VI/FVC > 0.50). For all subjects, only 25% of inhalation maneuvers met all four criteria for acceptability. We found that a significantly higher proportion of male than female subjects performed an acceptable MDI maneuver (43% versus 4%, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in technique between younger and older subjects or between patients with a diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conclude that most patients use their MDIs incorrectly; females of all ages are much more likely to have improper MDI technique than are males.
Hemodynamic Responses to Exercise in Clinically Normal Middle-aged Men and in Those with Angina Pectoris *
Authors: Glenn L. Foster, T. Joseph Reeves, James H. Meade
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

The effects of aging on the hemodynamic re- sponses to exercise in men are at present poorly understood.Although a number of studies in- vestigating these responses in young people have been reported, relatively few have been carried out in subjects older than 35 years.Granath, Jonsson, and Strandell (2) have described the re- sults of exercise upon cardiac output and vascular pressures in a group of elderly normal men.More recently Levine and his associates (3) and Weissler, Peeler, and Roehll (4) have published data on normal subjects (as well as those with heart disease) that have included several in the middle years of life.Several studies have been reported on the he- modynamic effects of exercise in subjects with coronary artery disease, but some of these were done on patients with advanced disease.Lewis, Houssay, Haynes, and Dexter (5) reported stud- ies in three patients, all of whom had symptoms of severe congestive failure at the time of the study.Muller and Rorvik (6) had four patients with angina pectoris whose cardiac output and oxygen consumption were measured during exercise.Even at rather low levels of exercise these indi- viduals developed chest pain and had an eleva- tion of pulmonary wedge pressure coincident with the pain.Recently Messer, Levine, Wagman, and Gorlin (7) reported studies in 19 subjects with clinical coronary artery disease and found
EFFECT OF DISCONTINUATION OF BIGUANIDE THERAPY ON METABOLIC CONTROL IN MATURITY-ONSET DIABETICS
Authors: Onni Siitonen, JussiK. Huttunen, Risto Järvinen, Pertti Palomäki, Antti Aro, Helvi Juvonen, Timo Korhonen, Pasi Ritala
Journal: The Lancet (1980)
Antioxidants and Zinc to Prevent Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Lee M. Jampol
Journal: JAMA (2001)

BackgroundObservational and experimental data suggest that antioxidant and/or zinc supplements may delay progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and vision loss.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of high-dose vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc supplements on AMD progression and visual acuity.DesignThe Age-Related Eye Disease Study, an 11-center double-masked clinical trial, enrolled participants in an AMD trial if they had extensive small drusen, intermediate drusen, large drusen, noncentral geographic atrophy, or pigment abnormalities in 1 or both eyes, or advanced AMD or vision loss due to AMD in 1 eye. At least 1 eye had best-corrected visual acuity of 20/32 or better. Participants were randomly assigned to receive daily oral tablets containing: (1) antioxidants (vitamin C, 500 mg; vitamin E, 400 IU; and beta carotene, 15 mg); (2) zinc, 80 mg, as zinc oxide and copper, 2 mg, as cupric oxide; (3) antioxidants plus zinc; or (4) placebo.Main Outcome Measures(1) Photographic assessment of progression to or treatment for advanced AMD and (2) at least moderate visual acuity loss from baseline (≥15 letters). Primary analyses used repeated-measures logistic regression with a significance level of .01, unadjusted for covariates. Serum level measurements, medical histories, and mortality rates were used for safety monitoring.ResultsAverage follow-up of the 3640 enrolled study participants, aged 55-80 years, was 6.3 years, with 2.4% lost to follow-up. Comparison with placebo demonstrated a statistically significant odds reduction for the development of advanced AMD with antioxidants plus zinc (odds ratio [OR], 0.72; 99% confidence interval [CI], 0.52-0.98). The ORs for zinc alone and antioxidants alone are 0.75 (99% CI, 0.55-1.03) and 0.80 (99% CI, 0.59-1.09), respectively. Participants with extensive small drusen, nonextensive intermediate size drusen, or pigment abnormalities had only a 1.3% 5-year probability of progression to advanced AMD. Odds reduction estimates increased when these 1063 participants were excluded (antioxidants plus zinc: OR, 0.66; 99% CI, 0.47-0.91; zinc: OR, 0.71; 99% CI, 0.52-0.99; antioxidants: OR, 0.76; 99% CI, 0.55-1.05). Both zinc and antioxidants plus zinc significantly reduced the odds of developing advanced AMD in this higher-risk group. The only statistically significant reduction in rates of at least moderate visual acuity loss occurred in persons assigned to receive antioxidants plus zinc (OR, 0.73; 99% CI, 0.54-0.99). No statistically significant serious adverse effect was associated with any of the formulations.ConclusionsPersons older than 55 years should have dilated eye examinations to determine their risk of developing advanced AMD. Those with extensive intermediate size drusen, at least 1 large druse, noncentral geographic atrophy in 1 or both eyes, or advanced AMD or vision loss due to AMD in 1 eye, and without contraindications such as smoking, should consider taking a supplement of antioxidants plus zinc such as that used in this study.
Cytomegalovirus surveillance and prevention in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: Examination of a preemptive plan of ganciclovir therapy
Authors: Romeo A. Mandanas, Ruben A. Saez, George B. Selby, Dennis L. Confer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

Forty-two cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive allogeneic marrow transplant patients or recipients of CMV-seropositive marrow allografts were entered into a surveillance program to detect and treat CMV infection during the first 120 days posttransplant. CMV infection was detected at a mean time of day 50 in 21/37 (58%) patients who had surveillance cultures. Twelve of 42 (28%) received preemptive ganciclovir treatment for virus isolated from blood (9 patients) or from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (3 patients), and all had no CMV-associated sequelae. CMV disease was diagnosed in 5 patients (4 with pneumonia, 1 with gastroenteritis) who did not have positive cultures until the onset of their disease. CMV-related mortality was 4/42 (10%). Patients who earlier manifested lung injury or diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) were significantly predisposed to subsequent CMV pneumonia (P = 0.0013, Fisher's exact test) at a median onset of day 42. Restricted prophylactic use of ganciclovir in such patients may be indicated. Fifty percent of all patients never required ganciclovir during the surveillance period. When compared to a universal prophylaxis program of ganciclovir for the prevention of CMV disease, the use of ganciclovir in a preemptive strategy could avoid unnecessary therapy for a substantial number of patients and earn significant cost-savings. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Podoconiosis: An experience from Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Aldo Morrone, Valeska Padovese, Federica Dassoni, Maria Chiara Pajno, Rosalia Marrone, Gennaro Franco, Roberta Calcaterra, Lorenzo Manni, Gebre Ab Barnabas, Elisa Maiani
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
OEsophageal Varices as a Cause of Haematemesis in Cirrhosis of the Liver
Authors: T. S. Wilson, J. R. Ratcliffe
Journal: BMJ (1890)

England, its recogaition having been due to the labours of lFrench pathologiste, especially to Hanot, Letulle, and Brault.It is certainly rare, and I have-not seen a case, though the liver of one of my patients was described by the pathologist as tough.It is sometimes but not always accompanied by bronzing of the iskin.The liver is almost invariably large, its surface is covered by small granulations, and its consistence is tough.On section the increase of fibrous tissue is very apparent.According to some authorities the new formation of fibrous tissue commences around the hepatic radicles, but in some cases at least the growth commences equally in the portal canals.It is frequently, but not constantly, associated with an abundant deposit of pigment both in the liver cells and in the newly formed fibrous tissue.It does not appear to give rise to marked venous obstruction, and has not been observed to be accompanied in any case by ascites.The disease is rare, curious, and therefore interesting, but its clinical relations, except its association with bronzing of the skin in certain instances, have still to be elucidated.This concludes the brief outline of the varieties of hepatic cirrhosis which I have ventured to bring before you.I have not adopted any anatomical classification such as hypertrophic and atrophic cirrhosis, because these are accidente, the most typical atrophic form-the alcoholic-being sometimes large, and the most typical hypertrophic-the biliary-being sometimes small.Nor have I been able to follow Charcot in classifying these varieties according to the details of their microscopical structure as multilobular, monolobular, and monocellular, because these divisions are purely pathological, and have no clinical significance whatever.I am strongly of opinion that in the present state of medical science etiology is the best basis for classification, as that can be appreciated at the bedside.In conclusion, gentlemen, I would ask for your opinions and experience first on the clinical symptoms and pathological characters of the various forms; and, secondly, as to their prognosis and treatment.