tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interaction of smoking and atopy in producing specific IgE antibody against a hapten protein conjugate.
Authors: K M Venables, M D Topping, W Howe, C M Luczynska, R Hawkins, A J Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A survey was carried out of a population of workers exposed to tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, an acid anhydride epoxy resin curing agent known to cause asthma. Using a radioallergosorbent test with a tetrachlorophthalic anhydride human serum albumin conjugate, specific IgE antibody was detected in serum from 24 out of 300 factory floor workers exposed to tetrachlorophthalic anhydride. Of these 24, 20 (83.3%) were current smokers compared with 133 (48.2%) of 276 without antibody (p less than 0.01), and there was a weaker association with atopy, defined by skin tests with common allergens. Smoking and atopy interacted, the prevalence of antibody being 16.1% in atopic smokers, 11.7% in non-atopic smokers, 8.3% in atopic non-smokers, and nil in non-atopic non-smokers (p less than 0.025). Smoking may predispose to, and interact with atopy in, the production of specific IgE antibody to this hapten protein conjugate.
Heritability and a Genome-Wide Linkage Scan for Arterial Stiffness, Wave Reflection, and Mean Arterial Pressure
Authors: Gary F. Mitchell, Anita L. DeStefano, Martin G. Larson, Emelia J. Benjamin, Ming-Huei Chen, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Joseph A. Vita, Daniel Levy
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Arterial stiffness and mean arterial pressure variably contribute to systolic hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk. However, few prior community-based studies have evaluated the genetics of arterial stiffness and separate mean and pulsatile components of blood pressure. Methods and Results— Using arterial tonometry, we evaluated heritability and linkage of forward and reflected wave amplitude, mean arterial pressure, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV) in 1480 participants representing 817 pedigrees in the Framingham Study offspring cohort. In 204 families with tonometry data, a genome-wide scan was performed with microsatellite markers that covered the genome at 10-cM intervals. Heritability estimates were moderate for reflected wave amplitude (h 2 =0.48), forward wave amplitude (h 2 =0.21), CFPWV (h 2 =0.40), and mean arterial pressure (h 2 =0.33). Variance components linkage analysis identified 2 regions of linkage for reflected wave amplitude: chromosome 4 at 181 cM (logarithm of odds [LOD]=4.93, permuted P =0.002) and chromosome 8 at 33 cM (LOD=3.27, permuted P =0.058). There was 1 region of linkage for forward wave amplitude on chromosome 7 at 174 cM (LOD=2.88, permuted P =0.017). There were several regions of suggestive linkage for CFPWV: chromosome 2 at 94 cM (LOD=2.46), chromosome 7 at 29 cM (LOD=2.50), chromosome 13 at 108 cm (LOD=2.10), and chromosome 15 at 108 cM (LOD=2.48). There was 1 region of suggestive linkage for mean arterial pressure on chromosome 1 at 192 cM (LOD=2.18). Conclusions— Arterial stiffness measures and mean and pulsatile components of blood pressure are heritable and appear to have genetic determinants that may be linked to separate genetic loci in humans.
Minimal Residual Disease in Hairy Cell Leukemia Patients Assessed by Clone-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Evgeny Arons, Inger Margulies, Lynn Sorbara, Mark Raffeld, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Ira Pastan, Robert J. Kreitman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Cladribine induces long-term complete remission in hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients but does not clear minimal residual disease (MRD) according to high-sensitivity PCR assays. To quantify MRD in patients after anti-CD22 recombinant immunotoxin BL22 and other agents, we used a relative quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) assay using a primer and probe, both patient specific for the immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement. Using this method, we were able to detect one Bonna 12 HCL cell in either 106 Jurkat cells or in 106 normal mononuclear cells. We studied 84 samples from 10 patients, taken before or after treatment with BL22 and other agents. Patient-specific RQ-PCR was much more sensitive than flow cytometry, which in turn was (as recently reported) more sensitive than PCR using consensus primers. RQ-PCR was positive in 62 of 62 (100%) flow-positive samples in 10 patients and in 20 of 22 (91%) flow-negative samples in six patients. The relative level of MRD as quantified by RQ-PCR correlated with disease status and remission. Thus, patient-specific RQ-PCR is the most sensitive test for MRD in HCL patients and could be used to determine maximal response in patients obtaining multiple cycles of nonmyelotoxic biological treatment for this disease.
Abstract 1908: Meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies of red meat intake and colorectal cancer
Authors: Dominik D. Alexander, Colleen A. Cushing, Vanessa Perez, Douglas L. Weed
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The relationship between red meat consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been the subject of scientific debate. Objective: To estimate the summary association between red meat intake and CRC and to examine sources of heterogeneity, a meta-analysis of prospective studies was conducted. Design: Thirty-four prospective studies of red meat and CRC were identified, of which, 25 represented independent non-overlapping study populations. Summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) for high vs. low intake and dose-response relationships were calculated. Results: In the high vs. low intake meta-analysis, the SRRE was 1.12 (95% CI: 1.04-1.21) with significant heterogeneity (p = 0.014). Summary associations were modified by tumor site and gender. The SRREs for colon cancer and rectal cancer were 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03-1.19) and 1.19 (95% CI: 0.97-1.46), respectively. The SRREs among men and women were 1.21 (95% CI: 1.04-1.42) and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.87-1.17), respectively. Conclusions: The available epidemiologic data are not sufficient to support an independent and unequivocal positive association between red meat intake and CRC. This conclusion is based upon summary associations that are weak in magnitude, heterogeneity across studies, inconsistent patterns of associations across the sub-group analyses, and the likely influence of confounding by other dietary and lifestyle factors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1908. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1908
Sound pressure correlates of the Austin Flint murmur. An intracardiac sound study.
Authors: P S Reddy, E I Curtiss, R Salerni, J D O'Toole, F W Griff, D F Leon, J A Shaver
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Mitral valve motion and pressure correlates of the Austin Flint murmur (AFM) were investigated in nine patients with aortic regurgitation using high fidelity catheter tip micromanometers and the mitral valve echocardiogram (MVE). External phonocardiography demonstrated a mid-diastolic murmur (MDM) in eight subjects and a presystolic murmur (PSM) in five. Maximum intensity of both AFM components was found in the left ventricular (LV) inflow tract; the murmur was not recordable in the left atrium (LA). In two patients, an apparent AFM was recorded in the intracardiac phonocardiogram when absent externally. Only one subject had a significant late diastolic "reversed" or LV to LA gradient; in this patient, presystolic mitral regurgitation was shown angiographically but no PSM was present and MVE revealed absence of atriogenic mitral valve re-opening. In two subjects, a PSM disappeared from the external phono when a "reversed" gradient occurred during the diastolic pause following a ventricular premature systole; this LV to LA gradient was associated with diastolic mitral regurgitation recordable in the left atrial phono. In two patients, LV inflow phono showed the MDM to begin 80-120 msec after the aortic second sound and during the D to E phase of the MVE. The rate of early diastolic mitral valve closure in patients (152 +/- 24 mm/sec) was not significantly different from 13 normals (232 +/- 10 mm/sec). With regard to the genesis of the AFM, the present study concludes: 1) diastolic mitral regurgitation plays no role, and 2) antegrade mitral valve flow is required but simultaneous retrograde aortic flow may also be necessary.
Case of Asphyxia from Hanging: Treated by Bleeding
Authors: E. J. Shearman
Journal: BMJ (1843)

HANGING TREATED BY BLEEDING.this case, as in the rapid removal of a bubo, depends on the actual condition of the frame.The tonic or astringent circulating in the blood, in the first hours of diarrhea, aggravate the disorder; not so the mer- curial; but when the affection is chronic, variable, or * On the Questionable Practice of Bleeding in all Apoplectic Affections, and the different effects of Drawiing Ji.od from the Artery and from the Ven.
CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF LEFT KIDNEY, LEFT TUBE AND OVARY, UTERUS AND VAGINA, WITH AN ECTOPIC RIGHT KIDNEY
Authors: C. A. Roeder
Journal: JAMA (1925)

There are many case reports in the literature on the congenital absence of one or more of the genital and urinary organs. They include interesting and valuable discussions on the subject of maldevelopment to which I am unable to add anything of interest. There is a congenital association between the genital and urinary systems in anomalous as well as normal development, and if there are external signs of a congenital anomaly, suspicion should arise as to a possible internal anomaly. This case is reported and illustrated owing to the marked maldevelopment. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A woman, aged 24, single, a postal clerk, 5 feet, 4 inches (163 cm.) in height, weighing 110 pounds (50 kg.), complained of amenorrhea and pain in the region of a mass long noticed in the right lower abdomen. The father and mother were well; three brothers and one sister were well, and one sister had
Randomized Trial of Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Mitomycin, Fluorouracil, and Cytosine Arabinoside Followed by Oral Fluorouracil in Serosa-Negative Gastric Cancer: Japan Clinical Oncology Group 9206–1
Authors: Atsushi Nashimoto, Toshifusa Nakajima, Hiroshi Furukawa, Masatsugu Kitamura, Taira Kinoshita, Yoshitaka Yamamura, Mitsuru Sasako, Yasuo Kunii, Hisahiko Motohashi, Seiichiro Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

To evaluate the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy after curative resection in serosa-negative gastric cancer patients (excluding patients who were T1N0), we conducted a multicenter phase III clinical trial in which 13 cancer centers in Japan participated.From January 1993 to December 1994, 252 patients were enrolled into the study and allocated randomly to adjuvant chemotherapy or surgery alone. The chemotherapy comprised intravenous mitomycin 1.33 mg/m2, fluorouracil (FU) 166.7 mg/m2, and cytarabine 13.3 mg/m2 twice weekly for the first 3 weeks after surgery, and oral FU 134 mg/m2 daily for the next 18 months for a total dose of 67 g/m2. The primary end point was relapse-free survival. Overall survival and the site of recurrence were secondary end points.Ninety-eight percent of patients underwent gastrectomy with D2 or greater lymph node dissection. There were no treatment-related deaths and few serious adverse events. There was no significant difference in relapse-free and overall survival between the arms (5-year relapse-free survival 88.8% chemotherapy v 83.7% surgery alone; P =.14 and 5-year survival 91.2% chemotherapy v 86.1% surgery alone; P =.13, respectively). Nine patients (7.1%) in the chemotherapy arm and 17 patients (13.8%) in the surgery-alone arm had cancer recurrence.There was no statistically significant relapse-free or overall survival benefit with this adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with macroscopically serosa-negative gastric cancer after curative resection, and there was no statistical difference between the two arms relating to the types of cancer recurrence. We do not recommend adjuvant chemotherapy with this regimen for this population in clinical practice.
Evidence of antigen receptor-influenced oligoclonal B lymphocyte expansion in the synovium of a patient with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: S K Lee, S L Bridges, P M Kirkham, W J Koopman, H W Schroeder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Plasma cell infiltration of synovium is common in longstanding rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The mechanism(s) underlying synovial B cell proliferation remains unclear. One theory invokes nonspecific polyclonal stimuli; another implicates antigen as the driving force. Antigen-driven repertoires are characteristically enriched for related sets of V gene segments containing similar sequence in the antigen binding site (complementarity-determining regions; CDRs). To study the forces shaping B cell proliferation, we analyzed V kappa transcripts expressed in the synovium of an RA patient. We found Humkv325, a developmentally regulated V kappa III gene segment associated with autoantibody reactivity, in > 10% of randomly-chosen synovial C kappa cDNAs. Two sets of sequences contained identical charged amino acid residues at the V kappa-J kappa join, apparently due to N region addition. We generated "signature" oligonucleotides from these CDR3s and probed PCR amplified V kappa products from the synovium and PBLs of the same patient, and from PBLs and spleen of individuals without rheumatic disease. Significant expression of transcripts containing these unique CDR3 sequences occurred only in the patient's synovium. Thus, in this synovium there is expansion of a limited set of B cell clones expressing antigen receptors that bear evidence of antigen selection.
Conflict of Interest Policies: Protecting Readers or Censoring Authors?
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —Dr Rothman's criticisms 1 of the policies on financial conflict of interest of the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) are misguided and misinformed. I write as former editor of NEJM and the principal architect of its conflict of interest policies that have been continued by the current editors.  Contrary to Rothman's implication, manuscripts received by the NEJM are reviewed and decisions are made about publication without revealing anything about the conflict of interest to reviewers. Only after a paper is accepted for publication does the editor discuss disclosure with the author. This policy helps to ensure that manuscripts are reviewed on their merits. Acceptance means that the reviewers and editors have found no evidence of bias, so disclosure at the time of publication is not an implied charge or allegation. It is simply acknowledgment of the existence of a financial relationship that might have had an
Second US nurse with Ebola had traveled by plane
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The second nurse to contract Ebola in the United States after caring for a Liberian man in a Texas hospital had flown on a commercial flight the day before she was hospitalized with the infection, US health officials said on 15 October.

The nurse, who has been identified in press reports as Amber Vinson, 29, was admitted to Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas on 14 October after developing a fever.

In a press briefing Tom Frieden, director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), said that, because the nurse had recently been in contact with an Ebola patient, she should not have been on the aircraft. “The CDC guidance in this setting outlines the need for what is called controlled movement. That can include a chartered plane [or] a car, but it does not include public transport,” Frieden said.

On the day of the flight Vinson reported a temperature of 99.5°F (37.5°C), but unconfirmed press reports have said that she was nevertheless cleared to fly and returned home on a flight from Cleveland, Ohio to Dallas/Fort Worth in Texas. Frieden said that the chances of Vinson being contagious during the flight were “extremely low.” Nevertheless, the CDC has asked all 132 passengers from the flight to contact the agency so that public health officials can interview them and arrange for follow-up. Those who are thought to be at risk of infection will be actively monitored.

Vinson is the second nurse at Texas Presbyterian Hospital …
In vitro evaluation of a multi-layer radial-flow bioreactor based on galactosylated chitosan nanofiber scaffolds
Authors: Xue-Hui Chu, Xiao-Lei Shi, Zhang-Qi Feng, Jin-Yang Gu, Hai-Yun Xu, Yue Zhang, Zhong-Ze Gu, Yi-Tao Ding
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
Left ventricular solid body rotation in non‐compaction cardiomyopathy: A potential new objective and quantitative functional diagnostic criterion?
Authors: Bas M. van Dalen, Kadir Caliskan, Osama I.I. Soliman, Attila Nemes, Wim B. Vletter, Folkert J. ten Cate, Marcel L. Geleijnse
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2008)
Cobalt on the way out.
Authors: R Buchanan
Journal: BMJ (1986)

basic district RAWP target, giving each health authority a clear picture ofthe resources available for its,own population.Cross boundary flows might then be agreed among districts through discussions that should fully include local general' practitioners, and authorities might seek to reduce or maintain the flows according to their own preferences.Secondly, family practitioner committee resources should be included within the total -district allocations-at least for planning purposes if not, for administration--to clarify the relation between total NHS expenditure and levels ofhealth.Regional health authorities would then, at last, be able to measure and compare the efficiency and effectiveness of districts, supplementing the limited measures that are available at present and moving towards, real equality of health care.'0The government has recently requested the NHS Man- agement Board to review the operation of the RAWP formula, taking into account the patterns ofillness across the country and the special problems of the inner cities."IThis review provides an-opportunity to achieve this aim of equality.
Eotaxin-2 and Colorectal Cancer: A Potential Target for Immune Therapy
Authors: Eleanor J. Cheadle, Kallingal Riyad, Daren Subar, Dominic G. Rothwell, Garry Ashton, Hayley Batha, David J. Sherlock, Robert E. Hawkins, David E. Gilham
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

To study the production of chemokines by colorectal hepatic metastases.Biopsies of resected colorectal hepatic metastases and nonneoplastic adjacent liver tissue were screened for chemokines using protein arrays and results were confirmed by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.Two chemokines, eotaxin-2 and MCP-1, were found at elevated levels within the tumor biopsy compared with adjacent liver. The relative increase in expression from tumor was much higher for eotaxin-2 than MCP-1, with 10 of 25 donors having a >100-fold increase in expression compared with 0 of 24 donors for MCP-1. In a parallel analysis, eotaxin-2 was also found at elevated levels in the tumor region of primary colorectal cancer biopsies. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that carcinoembryonic antigen-positive tumor cells stained strongly for eotaxin-2, implicating these cells as the predominant source of the chemokine. In vitro studies confirmed that several colorectal tumor lines produce eotaxin-2 and that secretion of this chemokine could be depressed by IFN-gamma and enhanced by the Th2-type cytokines interleukin-4 and interleukin-13. Jurkat T cells were engineered to express the receptor for eotaxin-2 (CCR3). These cells effectively migrated in response to eotaxin-2 protein, suggesting that immune cells gene modified to express a chemokine receptor may have improved abilities to home to tumor.Taken together, these observations confirm eotaxin-2 as a chemokine strongly associated with primary and metastatic tumors of colorectal origin. Furthermore, the importance of this result may be a useful tool in the development of targeted therapeutic approaches to colorectal tumors.
TCT-47 Impact of Pre-procedural Cardiopulmonary Instability in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI: Insights from the HORIZONS-AMI trial
Authors: Sorin Brener, Alejandra Guerchicoff, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Ke Xu, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Environmental Risks to Public Health in the United Arab Emirates: A Quantitative Assessment and Strategic Plan
Authors: Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson, Zeinab S. Farah
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Environmental risks to health in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have shifted rapidly from infectious to noninfectious diseases as the nation has developed at an unprecedented rate. In response to public concerns over newly emerging environmental risks, the Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi commissioned a multidisciplinary environmental health strategic planning project.In order to develop the environmental health strategic plan, we sought to quantify the illnesses and premature deaths in the UAE attributable to 14 environmental pollutant categories, prioritize these 14 risk factors, and identify interventions.We estimated the disease burden imposed by each risk factor using an attributable fraction approach, and we prioritized the risks using an empirically tested stakeholder engagement process. We then engaged government personnel, scientists, and other stakeholders to identify interventions.The UAE's environmental disease burden is low by global standards. Ambient air pollution is the leading contributor to premature mortality [~ 650 annual deaths; 95% confidence interval (CI): 140, 1,400]. Risk factors leading to > 10,000 annual health care facility visits included occupational exposures, indoor air pollution, drinking water contamination, seafood contamination, and ambient air pollution. Among the 14 risks considered, on average, outdoor air pollution was ranked by the stakeholders as the highest priority (mean rank, 1.4; interquartile range, 1-2) and indoor air pollution as the second-highest priority (mean rank 3.3; interquartile range, 2-4). The resulting strategic plan identified 216 potential interventions for reducing environmental risks to health.The strategic planning exercise described here provides a framework for systematically deciding how to invest public funds to maximize expected returns in environmental health, where returns are measured in terms of reductions in a population's environmental burden of disease.