tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening and Health Fairs
Authors: Marijo Perry
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Donald Berwick's 1 recent article raises many important issues and vital questions about health screenings in general, and health fair screenings in particular. The National Health Screening Council for Volunteer Organizations Inc (NHSCVO) was happy to provide Dr Berwick with a large share of the data on which he based his report. While we do disagree with certain of his interpretations and conclusions, we deeply appreciate his recognition of the impact of health fairs on the American health care system.  Dr Berwick's article must be read with a firm understanding of the role of our health fairs in that system. Health fairs are viewed by NHSCVO as vehicles for health education and promotion, not as diagnostic centers or substitutes for examination by a physician. In this context, the emphasis in critiquing the value of health fairs should be placed not on the five participants in every 1,000
Ultraviolet C inactivation of dermatophytes: implications for treatment of onychomycosis
Authors: T. Dai, G.P. Tegos, G. Rolz-Cruz, W.E. Cumbie, M.R. Hamblin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Onychomycosis responds to systemic antifungals and sometimes to topical lacquers, but alternative treatments are desirable. Topical application of germicidal ultraviolet (UV) C radiation may be an acceptable and effective therapy for infected nails.To test the ability of UVC to inactivate dermatophyte suspensions in vitro and to sterilize a novel ex vivo model of nail infection.Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum canis suspensions were irradiated with UVC (254 nm) at a radiant exposure of 120 mJ cm(-2) and surviving colony-forming units quantified. T. rubrum infecting porcine hoof slices and human toenail clippings was irradiated with UVC at radiant exposures of 36-864 J cm(-2).In vitro studies showed that 3-5 logs of cell inactivation in dermatophyte suspensions were produced with 120 mJ cm(-2) UVC irradiation. Depending on factors such as the thickness and infectious burden of the ex vivo cultures, the radiant exposure of UVC needed for complete sterilization was usually in the order of tens to hundreds of J cm(-2). Resistance of T. rubrum to UVC irradiation did not increase after five cycles of subtotal inactivation in vitro.UVC irradiation may be a less invasive treatment option for onychomycosis, when the appropriate consideration is given to safety.
Atrial natriuretic factor in human blood.
Authors: T Yamaji, M Ishibashi, F Takaku
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

To determine whether atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a circulating hormone in men, a radioimmunoassay suitable for the estimation of ANF in human plasma was developed and the nature of plasma ANF was characterized. Plasma ANF was extracted before radioimmunoassay by affinity chromatography on a column of ANF antibody-coupled agarose. When plasma ANF extract was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with the radioimmunoassay of the eluted gel slices for ANF, almost all of the ANF activities ran in the 3,000-mol-wt area, while three peaks of ANF were observed in human atrial tissue extract, molecular weights of which corresponded to 14,000, 6,000, and 3,000, respectively. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography of atrial tissue extract resolved multiple forms of ANF. In contrast, one major peak was observed in human plasma extract, and its retention time coincided with that of synthetic human alpha-atrial natriuretic polypeptide. When 500 ml of 0.9% saline was infused into six healthy subjects over 45 min, plasma levels of ANF were unequivocally elevated. The mean plasma ANF concentrations rose from the baseline (23.0 +/- 2.5 pg/ml, mean +/- SEM, n = 6) to the peak (41.8 +/- 4.9 pg/ml, mean +/- SEM) at 75 min postinfusion. No significant change in plasma ANF, on the other hand, was found in the control group. These results suggest that ANF is a circulating hormone in men and is secreted in response to isotonic volume expansion.
Cytomegalovirus infection negatively influences coronary remodeling modalities in heart transplant recipients: A prospective study
Authors: Luciano Potena, Francesco Grigioni, Fabio Coccolo, Gaia Magnani, Paolo Ortolani, Cinzia Marrozzini, Antonio Marzocchi, Simona Sorbello, Anna C. Musuraca, Carlo Magelli, Angelo Branzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Evaluation of the New Giant-biopsy Forceps in the Diagnosis of Mucosal and Submucosal Gastric Lesions
Authors: E. Kaneko, J. Kumagai, N. Honda, S. Nakamura, I. Kino
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

In order to improve the diagnosis of gastric disorders on the basis of biopsy material, we devised larger biopsy forceps (5 mm X 2.5 mm in inside dimensions) which fit into the newer fibergastroscope, GIF-1T (Olympus). Samples from 116 cases yielded 276 specimens; 179 specimens (64.8%) showed the full-thickness of the mucosa with muscularis mucosae, and approximately one-third of the total specimens included a considerable amount of submucosal tissue, but none of them contained parts of muscularis propria. In 4 out of 36 gastric carcinoma cases there was inconsistency between endoscopic and histological recognition of the proximal border of carcinomatous infiltration. Differentiation between adenoma and IIa, and benign and malignant lymphoma were more feasible with our forceps. No complications apart from minor bleeding were seen.
Quality Improvement for Depression in Primary Care: Do Patients With Subthreshold Depression Benefit in the Long Run?
Authors: Kenneth Wells, Cathy Sherbourne, Naihua Duan, Jürgen Unützer, Jeanne Miranda, Michael Schoenbaum, Susan L. Ettner, Lisa S. Meredith, Lisa Rubenstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: Quality improvement programs for depression can improve outcomes, but the utility of including patients with subthreshold depression in quality improvement programs is unclear. The authors examined 57-month effects of quality improvement on clinical outcomes and mental health care utilization of primary care patients with depressive disorder and subthreshold depression. METHOD: In a group-level, randomized, controlled trial, 46 primary care clinics were randomly assigned to provide usual care or care with a quality improvement intervention that included provider training and other resources for either medication management (medications quality improvement) or evidence-based psychotherapy (therapy quality improvement). Among 1,356 enrolled depressed patients, 991 completed the 57-month follow-up interview (604 patients with depressive disorder and 387 with subthreshold depression). Outcomes measured at 57 months were presence of probable depressive disorder, unmet need for appropriate care (untreated probable disorder), and mental health care utilization in the prior 6 months. RESULTS: Among patients with subthreshold depression at baseline, those seen in clinics with quality improvement programs with special resources for therapy were less likely to have probable depressive disorder and unmet need for care at follow-up, compared with those seen in clinics that provided usual care. Among patients with depressive disorder at baseline, those seen in clinics with quality improvement programs with special resources for medication management were less likely to have unmet need for care at follow-up, compared with those seen in clinics that provided usual care. Patients with subthreshold depression at baseline seen in clinics with a quality improvement intervention were less likely at follow-up to have had a mental health visit (in primary care or specialty care, depending on the intervention) in the prior 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Relative to usual care, quality improvement interventions improved 57-month outcomes (probable depression, unmet need, or both) for primary care patients with depressive disorder and subthreshold depression and lowered use of mental health visits for those with subthreshold depression. The results highlight the feasibility and utility of including patients with subthreshold depression in such programs.
What patients put up with.
Authors: C Richmond
Journal: BMJ (1987)

inner city multiracial environment we are familiar with the difficulties caused by hidden prejudices.Though prejudice towards women in medicine may come from within the medical profession, patients may also be reluctant to consult women doctors, giving rise to another, hidden, difficulty for women doctors.We examined this possibility in a survey of 100 consecutive patients attending a rheumatology outpatient clinic in Hackney.We used a structured questionnaire to determine whether patients wanted to see male/female, old/young, or senior/ junior doctors.for their rheumatology consultation.The table summarises the results.Type of doctor preferred by 100 patients attending a rheumatology clinic Characteristics ofdoctor Preferences
I tumori retroperitoneali
Authors: Raffaele Lattes
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This well-written monograph on retroperitoneal tumors was prepared by two surgeons and a radiologist from the University of Milan. It starts with interesting historical information, including some little-known observations of G. B. Morgagni, and in the following sections it reviews in detail the complex embryological development of the tissues and structures of the retroperitoneal space. The knowledge of the embryology of this region is absolutely essential for an adequate understanding of the histogenesis of the tumors and cysts of this region, and this chapter is, therefore, very instructive. The topographic anatomy of the region, the different definitions of retroperitoneal space, and the different classifications used by the many authors who wrote on retroperitoneal tumors are reviewed in following chapters, together with a brief discussion of the theories on the histogenesis of these neoplasms. There are also sections dealing with symptoms and methods of diagnosis. The text is supplemented by good
Hyperparathyroidism and Pancreatitis
Authors: Michael A. Bess
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Of 1,153 patients with surgically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism operated on at the Mayo Clinic between 1950 and 1975, only 17 (1.5%) had coexisting or prior pancreatitis. This frequency of association approximates the reported incidence of pancreatitis among general hospital patient populations. Other factors of possible etiologic significance in pancreatitis, such as gallstones or alcohol abuse, were present in 11 of the 17 patients. Cure of the hyperparathyroidism was usually not associated with amelioration of symptoms due to pancreatitis. A review of the available data, including experimental evidence, does not support a cause-and-effect relationship between primary hyperparathyroidism or hypercalcemia and pancreatitis. (<i>JAMA</i>243:246-247, 1980)
Prevention of Malaria in Long-term Travelers
Authors: Lin H. Chen, Mary E. Wilson, Patricia Schlagenhauf
Journal: JAMA (2006)

RAVELER ARRIVALS WORLDwide exceeded 800 million in 2005. 1 Today's mobile populations and global economies lead to extended stays for many travelers.For long-term travelers visiting malaria-endemic countries, recommendations for prevention have been difficult to standardize due to the diversity of long-term travelers and their itineraries, the variation in quality of and access to medical care, the limited data on malaria incidence in travelers overseas, and the lack of controlled studies on long-term safety and efficacy of antimalarial agents.Further complicating the recommendations are the evolution in the intensity of transmission and resistance patterns of the malaria parasites, the seasonality of transmission, and the wide range of international guidelines and travelers' beliefs and expectations. EVIDENCE ACQUISITIONWe searched the literature using MEDLINE via both OVID and PubMed for relevant studies and articles with a cutoff date of July 2006, using the search terms long-term travel and malaria prevention, long-term malaria chemoprohylaxis, and insect repellent and malaria.We obtained additional references from searching the bibliographies of the selected articles, from dissertations, and from the proceedings of relevant conferences on travel medicine.There were no language restrictions.We also systematically reviewed the following jour-nals for relevant reports over the past decade on malaria in travelers: American
Reflex alpha-adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction during hindlimb static exercise in dogs.
Authors: R Aung-Din, J H Mitchell, J C Longhurst
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied 18 alpha-chloralose-anesthetized dogs to determine if alpha-adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction occurs with hindlimb static exercise. Exercise was elicited by spinal cord ventral nerve root stimulation. Regional coronary blood flow was determined by the radioactive microsphere method. Animals were studied under four experimental conditions: control rest and static exercise, rest and static exercise after beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol (2 mg/kg), rest and exercise after alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine (.35 mg/kg), and rest and exercise after combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade. Myocardial oxygen consumption during exercise was determined during control and during alpha-adrenergic blockade conditions. Control hindlimb static exercise resulted in significant increases in systolic (10.6%) and diastolic (12.5%) arterial pressures, heart rate (12.2%), and double product (24.6%). Associated with the increased demand for oxygen, myocardial oxygen consumption increased (33.6%) as did left ventricular myocardial flow (29.6%). However, left ventricular coronary vascular resistance was unchanged during static exercise. After beta-adrenergic blockade, systolic (12.2%) and diastolic (11.6%) arterial pressures and double product (10.7%) still increased significantly, but heart rate did not change with static exercise. In contrast, alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction was unmasked as left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular myocardial blood flow decreased (LV: -30.0%, RV: -25.0%) and coronary vascular resistance increased (LV: 52.5%, RV: 45.3%) with static exercise. Combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade abolished the reduction in myocardial blood flow and the increase in coronary vascular resistance which occurred with static exercise after beta-adrenergic blockade. These data suggest that, during static exercise, reflexes from skeletal muscles can cause alpha-adrenergic coronary artery vasoconstriction.
1136-91 Contribution of genetic characteristics of vascular adrenergic receptor to variant angina
Authors: Sang-Ho Jo, Jae-Bin Seo, Shu-Ying Zhang, Jin-Sik Park, Young-Seok Cho, Jin-Ho Choi, Bon-Kwon Koo, Yong-Jin Kim, Seil Oh, In-Ho Chae, Hyo-Soo Kim, Dae-Won Sohn, Byung-Hee Oh, Myoung-Mook Lee, Young-Bae Park, Yun-Shik Choi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
American Board of Internal Medicine: New Rules
Authors: PETER J. LEAHY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 June 1970American Board of Internal Medicine: New RulesPETER J. LEAHY, M.D.PETER J. LEAHY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-6-963 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A recent communication from the Executive Director of the American Board of Internal Medicine published in The Bulletin of the College (vol. 10, #8, p. 388) should be of considerable concern to every practicing internist and member of the College. An article by the Chairman of the Board, giving further details of these changes, has now been published in the ANNALS (72:423-424, 1970). It should be noted that all of these changes are being presented when they are in effect fait accompli.Dr. Myers admits that "these changes have aroused much interest and no little controversy." The... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 1197 Adams St. Dorchester, Mass. 02124 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1970Volume 72, Issue 6Page: 963-964 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
A BLOOD COAGULATION ABNORMALITY IN RABBITS DEFICIENT IN THE SIXTH COMPONENT OF COMPLEMENT (C6) AND ITS CORRECTION BY PURIFIED C6
Authors: Theodore S. Zimmerman, Carlos M. Arroyave, Hans J. Müller-Eberhard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Evidence for the involvement of the sixth component of complement (C6) in normal blood coagulation is provided by the description of a coagulation abnormality in rabbits with a genetic C6 deficiency and by its correction with highly purified preparations of C6. Whole blood clotting time in glass or plastic was prolonged and prothrombin consumption was decreased in blood from the deficient animals. Other parameters of blood coagulation were normal, including prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, specific clotting factor activities, platelet factor III function, platelet count, and bleeding time. Clotting time and prothrombin consumption became normal when physiologic amounts of highly purified C6 were added to the deficient blood. Partial consumption of C6 hemolytic activity, with a time course similar to the consumption of prothrombin, was demonstrated during the clotting of normal human blood.
Quantification of cholesterol nucleation-promoting activity in human gallbladder bile: A “homeopathic” approach?
Authors: Norman A. Mazer
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

We have developed a simple method to quantitate cholesterol nucleation promoting activity in bile. The method makes use of the fact that gallbladder bile of cholesterol gallstone patients contains potent nucleation promoting activity. Gallbladder bile samples were serially diluted, routinely from 1/25 to 1/6,400. The diluted samples were mixed with a supersaturated model bile and the nucleation time (NT) of the mixtures was determined. The greatest dilution that resulted in a significant shortening of the NT was called the nucleation promoting activity titre (NPAT). The determination is independent of the original lipid content of the bile sample. The NPAT was measured in 14 gallbladder bile samples derived from patients with cholesterol gallstones and 9 controls. In all samples promoting activity was found. In the samples from the stone patients the NPAT was significantly elevated as compared to the patients without cholesterol stones (p = 0.01). Our results suggest that the cholesterol saturation index and the activity of cholesterol nucleation promoting factors are the most important factors in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone disease. Assessment of the NPAT allows the differentiation of groups of patients with a normal cholesterol saturation index who are at risk for gallstone formation due to a high NPAT.
What will 2013 bring?
Authors: J. Merino
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The homicide rate in the United States is seven times higher than that in other industrialized nations, a phenomenon largely explained by the widespread and easy availability of guns. There were 12 000 gun related homicides in 2008. By comparison, in the UK in 2008-09, there were 39 firearm related deaths (www.economist.com/blogs/lexington/2012/12/gun-control). Mass shootings occur several times every year in the US, and they are often followed by weak and short lived calls for stricter gun control. The tragic events in Newtown, Connecticut last month, however, were different. Most of …
Cancer mortality in four northern wheat-producing states.
Authors: D M Schreinemachers
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Chlorophenoxy herbicides are used both in cereal grain agriculture and in nonagricultural settings such as right-of-ways, lawns, and parks. Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana grow most of the spring and durum wheat produced in the United States. More than 90% of spring and durum wheat is treated with chlorophenoxy herbicides, in contrast to treatment of approximately 30% of winter wheat. In this ecologic study I used wheat acreage as a surrogate for exposure to chlorophenoxy herbicides. I investigated the association of chlorophenoxy herbicides with cancer mortality during 1980-1989 for selected counties based on level of agriculture ([greater and equal to] 20%) and rural population ([greater and equal to] 50%). Age-standardized cancer mortality rates were determined for grouped counties based on tertiles of wheat acreage per county or for individual counties for frequently occurring cancers. The cancer sites that showed positive trends of increasing cancer mortality with increasing wheat acreage were esophagus, stomach, rectum, pancreas, larynx, prostate, kidney and ureter, brain, thyroid, bone, and all cancers (men) and oral cavity and tongue, esophagus, stomach, liver and gall bladder and bile ducts, pancreas, cervix, ovary, bladder, and other urinary organs, and all cancers (women). Rare cancers in men and women and cancers in boys and girls were studied by comparing counties above and below the median of wheat acreage per county. There was increased mortality for cancer of the nose and eye in both men and women, brain and leukemia in both boys and girls, and all cancers in boys. These results suggest an association between cancer mortality and wheat acreage in counties of these four states.
Surface Bound Amine Functional Group Density Influences Embryonic Stem Cell Maintenance
Authors: Frances Harding, Renee Goreham, Robert Short, Krasimir Vasilev, Nicolas H. Voelcker
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Gradient surfaces are highly effective tools to screen and optimize cell– surface interactions. Here, the response of embryonic stem (ES) cell colonies to plasma polymer gradient surfaces is investigated. Surface chemistry ranged from pure allylamine (AA) plasma polymer on one end of the gradient to pure octadiene (OD) plasma polymer on the other end. Optimal surface chemistry conditions for retention of pluripotency were identified. Expression of the stem cell markers alkaline phosphatase (AP) and Oct4 varied with the position of the ES cell colonies across the OD‐AA plasma polymer gradient. Both markers were more strongly retained on the OD plasma polymer rich regions of the gradients. The observed variation of expression across the plasma polymer gradient increased with duration of stem cell culture. While maximum cell adhesion to the gradient substrate occurred at a nitrogen‐ to‐carbon (N/C ratio) of approximately 0.1, Oct4 and AP expression was best retained at an N/C ratio &lt; 0.04. Stem cell marker expression correlated with colony size and morphology: more compact, multilayered colonies with prominent F‐actin staining arose as the N/C ratio decreased. Disruption of actin polymerization using Y‐27632 ROCK inhibitor resulted in a collapse of the multilayer colony structure into monolayers with limited cell–cell contact. A corresponding decrease in expression of AP and Oct4 was observed. Oct4 expression along with 3D colony morphology was partially rescued on the OD plasma polymer rich regions of the gradient.
DRUG REACTIONS XI
Authors: Harvey Baker, John Almeyda
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article DRUG REACTIONS XI Get access Harvey Baker, Harvey Baker The London Hospital, E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John Almeyda John Almeyda The London Hospital, E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 3, 1 September 1970, Pages 424–427, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15733.x Published: 01 September 1970