tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US court rejects vaccine connection to autism
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The US Court of Federal Claims in Washington has denied damages to three families who had alleged that childhood vaccines caused their children’s autism.

The decision, made on 12 February, covers sentinel cases affecting a portion of the more than 5500 claims filed by families seeking payment through the $2.5bn (£1.74bn; €1.94bn) federal Vaccine Injury Compensation Programme.

Each of the three cases was decided by a judge known as a special master. One of them, George Hastings, said in the ruling, “The numerous medical studies concerning these issues, performed by medical scientists worldwide, have come down strongly against the petitioners’ …
Hepatic sequestration in sickle cell anaemia.
Authors: C S Hatton, C Bunch, D J Weatherall
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Several episodes of acute hepatic enlargement associated with a dramatic fall in haemoglobin concentration were observed in two patients with sickle cell anaemia. No appreciable disturbances of liver function or signs of cardiac failure were evident. The most likely mechanism was sequestration of sickled erythrocytes in the liver. This complication, which may have a basis similar to that of splenic sequestration and the sickle lung syndrome, may be easily overlooked unless the size of the liver is regularly monitored in patients with sickle cell crisis.
Influence of Flickering Light on the Retinal Vessels in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Aleksandra Mandecka, Jens Dawczynski, Marcus Blum, Nicolle Müller, Christoph Kloos, Gunter Wolf, Walthard Vilser, Heike Hoyer, Ulrich Alfons Müller
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

We thank Wong et al. (1) for their interest in our study (2) in which we showed that retinal vessels in diabetic patients with increasing stages of diabetic retinopathy experience a continuously decreasing response to flickering light. We believe that the issue raised by Wong et al. is very important.

The study by Nguyen et al. (3) showed that arteriolar and venular calibers are structurally …
What are safe levels of alcohol consumption?
Authors: P Anderson, A Cremona, P Wallace
Journal: BMJ (1984)

isr 5.0 j30 1.8 0,6 -S OX 20 30 .0 50 W 75 n .120 Timt ( ff-Effect on circulating concentrations of insulin, glucose, and C peptide of subcutaneous injection of 10 U Actrapid HM and 16 U Ultratard HM into thighs of eight non-diabetic men.Shaded area represents mean (SEM) of control tests (separate injection of the two insulins); solid line represents injection of both insulins im- mediately after mixing in one syringe (test 2); and broken line represents injection of both insulins five minutes after mixing (test 3).Circled points indicate significant differences from control values (p < 005); asterisks indicate significant differences between tests 2 and 3.
Cambridge Handbook of Psychology Health and Medicine
Authors: Astra P. Brantley
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4837: Short-chain fatty acids induced autophagy serves as an adaptive strategy for retarding mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death
Authors: Yong Tang, Yakun Chen, Hongmei Jiang, Daotai Nie
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the major by-products of the bacterial fermentation of undigested dietary fiber in the human large intestine. The role of SCFAs, mostly propionate and butyrate, in colon cancer apoptotic cell death and cell proliferation inhibition has been well studied. Herein we demonstrate that, in addition to apoptotic cell death, propionate and butyrate induce another type of cell death termed “autophagy” in human colon cancer cells. Propionate-treated cells exhibited extensive characteristics of autophagic proteolysis: increased LC3-I to LC3-II conversion and reduced expression of p62/SQSTM1; increased acidic vesicular organelle development as manifested by dramatic increase in punctate GFPLC3, LysoTracker and MDC staining. Propionate-induced autophagy was associated with decreased mTOR activity and enhanced AMP kinase activity, two events known to be linked to autophagy. The elevated AMPKa phosphorylation is believed to have been caused by cellular ATP depletion due to mitochondrial dysfunction involving induction of mitochondrial permeability transition, as evidenced by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and overproduction of reactive oxygen species. In this context, mitochondria biogenesis was initiated to recover cellular energy homeostasis. Importantly, when autophagy was prevented at an early stage by 3-methyladenine, or when autophagic degradation was inhibited at a late stage by Chloroquine, the colon cancer cells became sensitized toward propionate induced apoptosis through activation of caspase 7 and its downstream effector caspase-3. Potentiation of cell death was also observed when autophagy was abolished using shRNA against the autophagic gene ATG5. These observations indicate that propionate-triggered autophagy serves as an adaptive strategy for retarding mitochondria-mediated apoptotic cell death. As SCFAs widely exist in the human large intestine, application of an autophagy inhibitor, such as Chloroquine, is expected to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of SCFAs in inducing tumor cell apoptosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4837.
Feeing the Nurse.
Authors: F. R. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Bismarck, N. D., Dec. 20, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journalof the 14th inst. you comment on what you evidently consider an undesirable innovation in medical practice in England, viz., the dividing of the fee, in obstetric cases, with the nurse. This is not by any means a new custom in England, nor is it attended by the evil results that might be anticipated; and if it could be carried out in some localities in this country many a practitioner would be glad to practice a system that would save any "booking" of obstetric fees. Over twenty years ago I was an assistant to a general practitioner in the east end of London, and a large part of his practice consisted of obstetric work, in a rather poor part of the city. The usual fee for such cases was one guinea, 21 shillings, and it was the custom
Angiocardiographic Evaluation of Valvular Insufficiency
Authors: MURRAY G. BARON
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Incompetence of any of the cardiac valves can be easily evaluated by selective angiocardiography. Factitious insufficiency may result from faulty catheter placement or from ventricular extrasystoles caused by the pressure injection of the contrast agent. False negative results are almost nonexistent, and if no insufficiency is seen on a technically adequate angiocardiogram, the valve can be considered to be competent.
Increased Incidence of Meningomyeloceles
Authors: Marvin Boris
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE LOW INCIDENCE of most serious congenital abnormalities, the diffuse pattern of their emergence in a community, and the absence of any standard system of surveillance or reporting breed situations whereby an epidemic of a congenital deformity may remain undetected for a period or pass unnoticed. The purpose of this communication is to focus attention on an observed increased incidence of congenital spinal-cord anomalies (meningocele or meningomyelocele) during a 3-mo period in Atlanta.  During late September, 1962, three infants with meningomyelocele were born within a 3-week period in one hospital. Subsequent inquiries at four other hospitals unveiled 13 additional cases of meningoceles or meningomyeloceles in white infants born from Aug 6 to Oct 20, 1962. In these five hospitals are performed more than 95% of the deliveries in Atlanta. A retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the expected incidence of these anomalies in this city. Data were obtained listing
Is Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Still the Superior Reperfusion Strategy?
Authors: Marc J. Claeys
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Toward postnatal reversal of ocular congenital malformations
Authors: José-Alain Sahel, Katia Marazova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Aniridia is a panocular disorder that severely affects vision in early life. Most cases are caused by dominantly inherited mutations or deletions of the PAX6 gene, which encodes a transcription factor that is essential for the development of the eye and the central nervous system. In this issue of the JCI, Gregory-Evans and colleagues demonstrate that early postnatal topical administration of an ataluren-based formulation reverses congenital malformations in the postnatal mouse eye, providing evidence that manipulation of PAX6 after birth may lead to corrective tissue remodeling. These findings offer hope that ataluren administration could be a therapeutic paradigm applicable to some major congenital eye defects.
Immunotherapy for Allergy to Insect Stings
Authors: Richard F. Lockey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Systemic allergic reactions to stinging Hymenoptera insects (bees, yellow jackets, hornets, polistes wasps, and ants) have been reported in 0.4 to 4 percent of various population groups in the United States.1 Although about 50 deaths are reported each year, there are probably many unreported deaths, and the total exceeds by far the number of deaths caused by venomous snakes. In the Northeast, bees and yellow jackets cause the majority of sting-induced allergic reactions, whereas imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta and S. richteri) are the primary offenders in the Southeast, as are wasps in the Southwest. An immediate-hypersensitivity or . . .
Time-dependent inhibition of growth of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts by cyclosporin A: effect on keratinocytes at therapeutic blood levels
Authors: G.R. SHARPE, C. FISHER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Journal Article Time‐dependent inhibition of growth of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts by cyclosporin A: effect on keratinocytes at therapeutic blood levels Get access G.R. SHARPE, G.R. SHARPE Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Dr G.R.Sharpe, Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. FISHER C. FISHER Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 123, Issue 2, 1 August 1990, Pages 207–213, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01848.x Published: 01 August 1990
Safety of calcineurin inhibitors in the management of lichen sclerosis
Authors: F.M. Lewis, S.M. Neill
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Safety of calcineurin inhibitors in the management of lichen sclerosis Get access F.M. Lewis, F.M. Lewis Wexham Park Hospital, Wexham Street, Slough SL2 4HL, U.K. *St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. E‐mail: fiona.lewis@hwph‐tr.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.M. Neill S.M. Neill Wexham Park Hospital, Wexham Street, Slough SL2 4HL, U.K. *St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, U.K. E‐mail: fiona.lewis@hwph‐tr.nhs.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Page 1389, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07912.x Published: 01 June 2007
How Variable Clones Build an Invariant Retina
Authors: Jie He, Gen Zhang, Alexandra D. Almeida, Michel Cayouette, Benjamin D. Simons, William A. Harris
Journal: Neuron (2012)

A fundamental question in developmental neuroscience is how a collection of progenitor cells proliferates and differentiates to create a brain of the appropriate size and cellular composition. To address this issue, we devised lineage-tracing assays in developing zebrafish embryos to reconstruct entire retinal lineage progressions in vivo and thereby provide a complete quantitative map of the generation of a vertebrate CNS tissue from individual progenitors. These lineage data are consistent with a simple model in which the retina is derived from a set of equipotent retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) that are subject to stochastic factors controlling lineage progression. Clone formation in mutant embryos reveals that the transcription factor Ath5 acts as a molecular link between fate choice and mode of cell division, giving insight into the elusive molecular mechanisms of histogenesis, the conserved temporal order by which neurons of different types exit the cell cycle.
No Reprieve for Heroin — The Medicine Cupboard — Family Planning
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE much debated ban on the manufacture of heroin took effect on January 1. In recent weeks the proposed ban has been the subject of considerable discussion in both the lay and the medical press, and the Times has given the matter unusual prominence in the correspondence columns and also in leading articles.There has never been the slightest dispute that heroin is possibly the most dangerous drug of addiction known, nor that the concern of the World Health Organization is anything but fully justified. Furthermore, the standing medical advisory committee of the Central Health Services Council, which advises the . . .
Coronary Artery Surgery in New York State
Authors: Lori Mosca
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> A ranking of New York hospitals by cardiac surgery mortality rates, adjusted for preoperative risk, appeared in the<i>New York Times</i>(December 5, 1990:B10) in response to the study of "Adult Open Heart Surgery in New York State"1 published in<i>JAMA</i>. Ranking was based on rate of deaths related to heart surgery and adjusted for preoperative condition. Results from the first 6 months of 1990 were compared with the same period in 1989. Several substantive arguments were offered by staff at involved institutions, such as alterations in patient care and case mix, to explain both favorable and unfavorable trends. I believe that a more accurate argument is based on a common and often unrecognized phenomenon: regression to the mean. This is the tendency of outlying values to be more toward the average on repeat measurement. If this principle were operating in this data set, hospitals with
Child Abuse and Neglect-Reply
Authors: Howard B. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1986)

In Reply.—  In this rapidly evolving field, there are limitations in the level of our knowledge that often preclude definitive statements about the prevalence of child sexual abuse (and possibly even child abuse-neglect in general). The AMA guidelines represent an attempt by the panelists to highlight some of the many varied signs and symptoms, both behavioral and physical, that are associated with the continuum of child maltreatment issues.  The child victim of sexual abuse, may be initially seen with specific or nonspecific signs and symptoms of the abuse. Moreover, these manifestations may be physical ailments directly referable to the injury, or, more commonly, they may represent symbolic behavioral manifestations of the injury. As noted by the authors in their letter, the diagnosis of sexual abuse is often first recognized when a sexually transmitted disease is diagnosed in a symptomatic or asymptomatic child. It is problematic, however, to stipulate or provide
Low-Dose Bedtime NPH Insulin in Treatment of Secondary Failure to Glyburide
Authors: Vincenzo Trischitta, Salvatore Italia, Vito Borzi, Antonio Tribulato, Salvatore Mazzarino, Sebastiano Squatrito, Riccardo Vigneri
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Secondary failure to oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) is a possible outcome for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and poses a serious therapeutic problem. In this study, we evaluated the effect of adding a single bedtime low-dose NPH insulin injection to the previous ineffective sulfonylurea therapy in 23 NIDDM patients with true secondary failure to OHAs. This treatment schedule was conducted for 3 mo by 18 patients (78%) who completed the study. In these patients, the addition of NPH insulin (0.2 ± 0.01 Ill/kg body wt) greatly decreased fasting and postprandial plasma glucose (P &amp;lt; .001) and glycosylated hemoglobin (P &amp;lt; .005). No weight gain was observed in any of the patients studied. Five patients dropped out: 2 patients (9%) due to insufficient compliance, 2 patients (9%) due to the multiple insulin injections required to achieve good metabolic control, and 1 patient (4%) due to recurrent hypoglycemic episodes. No correlation was observed between glucagon-stimulated C-peptide values and amelioration of metabolic control. In conclusion, mst NIDDM patients with secondary failure to OHAs may be successfully treated with the addition of a single low-dose bedtime NPH insulin injection, and residual (β-cell function evaluation is not able to predict the effectiveness of the combined treatment.
Inheritance of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: M Farrall
Journal: BMJ (1993)

would like to see improved access to high quality audiological and otolaryngological assessment.5By ignoring the complex natural course,' however, they mistakenly assume that, because waiting times are often considerable, children who present with effusion have had glue ear for some time and will continue to do so without treatment.Watchful waiting is more likely to establish persistence and reduce the unacceptably high dry tap rates reported in several of the studies reviewed.
A Closer Look at the Economic Argument for Disease Prevention
Authors: Steven H. Woolf
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein modulates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice
Authors: Grace L. Su, Ke Qin Gong, Ming Hui Fan, William M. Kelley, Jason Hsieh, Jian Min Sun, Mark R. Hemmila, Saman Arbabi, Daniel G. Remick, Stewart C. Wang
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Acetaminophen toxicity is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States and Europe. Although much is known about the metabolism of acetaminophen, many questions remain regarding the pathogenesis of liver injury. In this study, we examined the role of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), a protein important in mediating cellular response to lipopolysaccharides, by using LBP wild-type and knockout (KO) mice. We found that LBP KO mice were protected from acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. At 350 mg/kg of acetaminophen, LBP KO mice had significantly less liver injury and necrosis than wild-type mice. Repletion studies in LBP KO mice using an LBP-adenoviral construct resulted in significantly more hepatic injury and necrosis after acetaminophen exposure compared with mice receiving the control adenoviral construct. In conclusion, LBP KO mice are protected from toxicity with a decrease in hepatic necrosis following acetaminophen challenge. This suggests a novel role for LBP in modulating acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the HEPATOLOGY website (http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/O270-9139/suppmat/index.html).