tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SO-02 * ADULT SPINAL CORD ASTROCYTOMAS: CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: R. Phillips, E. Diamond
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Intramedullary spinal cord astrocytomas are a rare form of glioma making evaluation of clinical and prognostic factors difficult. The clinical and molecular characteristics, prognosis, and propensity toward leptomeningeal dissemination of this disease in adults has not been determined with precision. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of adult patients at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center with histologically proven spinal cord astrocytoma diagnosed and treated between 1997 and 2013. We assessed gender, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, MRI characteristics including presence of enhancement and longitudinal extent of disease, treatment, and occurrence of leptomeningeal metastasis. RESULTS: Eleven patients (6 men, 5 women) were identified with histologically proven astrocytoma with complete clinical information. The histologies were of varying grades (grade II - 3, grade III - 5, grade IV - 3). Median age was 45 (range 23 to 74 years). Presenting symptoms included weakness (9/11), sensory changes (9/11), urinary symptoms (5/11), and back pain (5/11). Four out of 11 patients underwent subtotal resection, with the remaining 7/11 undergoing biopsy. Eight out of 11 patients underwent RT as initial treatment, of whom 7 received concurrent temozolomide. In total, 6/11 received bevacizumab as salvage therapy. Five out of 11 patients developed leptomeningeal metastases, of whom 2 had previously undergone subtotal resection. Median survival time was 37 months. One out of 11 patients was molecularly profiled: and was found to be unmethylated at the MGMT promoter, EGF-R VIII mutation negative, and IDH1 mutation negative. CONCLUSION: Our cohort of adult spinal cord astrocytomas were frequently complicated by leptomeningeal metastases. Molecular characteristics in this group are poorly defined, and we plan to further characterize these tumors molecularly.
Somatostatin and the intestinal transport of glucose and other nutrients in the anaesthetised rat.
Authors: C Daumerie, J C Henquin
Journal: Gut (1982)

The effects of somatostatin on oral glucose tolerance and on intestinal absorption of glucose and other nutrients have been studied in anaesthetised rats. Intravenous somatostatin (0.1-0.6 nmol/min) increased the rate of gastric emptying. After intraduodenal administration of glucose, the rise in peripheral plasma levels of the sugar was delayed, but finally exaggerated by somatostatin, which inhibited the insulin response. Absorption was evaluated by measuring the disappearance of radioactive nutrients from the lumen of a 9tied duodenojejunal loop9. At a luminal concentration of 4 mmol/l of 3-0-methylglucose, neither disappearance of the sugar from the lumen nor its appearance in plasma was affected by somatostatin. Passive transport of 3-0-methylglucose (100 mmol/l) was not significantly modified by somatostatin, although the appearance of the labelled tracer in plasma was delayed. Somatostatin had no significant effect on absorption of galactose (4 mmol/l), sucrose (40 mmol/l), leucine (4 mmol/l) or palmitate (0.1 and 0.4 mmol/l). These results show that somatostatin delays appearance of ingested sugars in peripheral plasma without direct effect on the absorption sites; this delay may result from changes in intestinal motility, enzyme secretion and splanchnic blood flow.
Role of Dendritic Cells in Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Reactions to Iodixanol (Visipaque®)
Authors: C. Antunez, E. Gomez, R.M. Gueant-Rodriguez, A. Barbaud, T.D. Fernandez, I. Gastin, J.L. Gueant, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Indirect versus Direct Evidence in U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations
Authors: Ned Calonge, Diana B. Petitti, Mary B. Barton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Letters6 May 2008Indirect versus Direct Evidence in U.S. Preventive Services Task Force RecommendationsNed Calonge, MD, MPH, Diana B. Petitti, MD, MPH, and Mary B. Barton, MD, MPPNed Calonge, MD, MPHFrom the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20850., Diana B. Petitti, MD, MPHFrom the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20850., and Mary B. Barton, MD, MPPFrom the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20850.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-9-200805060-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate Dr. Hahn's thoughtful consideration of the potential distinctions between and within USPSTF recommendation grade letters and the role of certainty in arriving at the recommendation grade.His suggestion that the USPSTF never assign any grade higher than B to a recommendation based on the chain-of-evidence approach (in fact, his proposal would create a new B-minus category for any positive recommendation made on the basis of indirect evidence) implies that only evidence from randomized trials merits a judgment that "certainty of net benefit is high." In at least some cases, randomized trials of preventive services are not ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ned Calonge, MD, MPH; Diana B. Petitti, MD, MPH; Mary B. Barton, MD, MPPAffiliations: From the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Rockville, MD 20850.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoUpdate on the Methods of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force: Estimating Certainty and Magnitude of Net Benefit George F. Sawaya , Janelle Guirguis-Blake , Michael LeFevre , Russell Harris , Diana Petitti , and Indirect Versus Direct Evidence in U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations David L. Hahn Metrics Cited byPrevalence and pattern of comorbidities in chronic rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: the COMORD studyChanging the housing environment to reduce obesity in public housing residents: a cluster randomized trialPerioperative Management of Non-diabetic Patients with Hyperglycaemia (Stress-Induced Hyperglycaemia) 6 May 2008Volume 148, Issue 9Page: 708KeywordsConflicts of interestHIVHIV infectionsHIV preventionLung and intrathoracic tumorsMorbidityMortalityPregnancyRandomized trialsSmoking cessation ePublished: 6 May 2008 Issue Published: 6 May 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Perinatal risk factors for childhood type 1 diabetes in Europe. The EURODIAB Substudy 2 Study Group.
Authors: G G Dahlquist, C Patterson, G Soltesz
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether perinatal factors are associated with the development of childhood type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied hospital records from 892 cases of childhood type 1 diabetes compared with 2,291 population-based control subjects in seven study centers in Europe. RESULTS: In a pooled analysis incorporating stratification by center, we confirmed the previous findings that older maternal age, maternal preeclampsia, neonatal respiratory disease, and jaundice caused by blood group incompatibility are significant risk factors for type 1 diabetes, whereas being a firstborn child, having a low birth weight, or having a short birth length were protective. Cesarean section delivery and neonatal infectious diseases were not significantly associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in this study. The strongest association was found for blood group incompatibility (AB0 and Rh factor) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.96 (95% CI 1.88-4.65). AB0 incompatibility (OR = 3.92) was a more common and also a stronger risk factor than Rh incompatibility (OR = 1.62). The effect of AB0 blood group incompatibility was independent of treatment effects in logistical regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Different perinatal events are associated with an increased risk of type 1 diabetes. The effect of maternal-child blood group incompatibility is strong and indicates a true effect that must be further explored.
Effect of Weight Gain on Pulmonary Function after Smoking Cessation in the Lung Health Study
Authors: ROBERT A. WISE, PAUL L. ENRIGHT, JOHN E. CONNETT, NICHOLAS R. ANTHONISEN, RICHARD E. KANNER, PAULA LINDGREN, PEGGY O'HARA, GREGORY  R. OWENS, CYNTHIA S. RAND, DONALD P. TASHKIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

The objective of this study was to determine if the weight gain that accompanies smoking cessation is independently associated with reductions in FEV1 and FVC, using a multicenter randomized intervention trial of smoking cessation in 10 communities in the United States and Canada. Enrollees were currently smoking women and men 35 to 60 yr of age with mild-to-moderate airway obstruction. Participants were randomized to one of three study groups: an intensive smoking cessation program with an inhaled bronchodilator (or a placebo), and usual care. Changes in absolute and percent predicted FEV1 and FVC between baseline and fifth annual follow-up visit were monitored in relation to changes in body weight during the interval. At the baseline examination, percent predicted FEV1 was maximal at 90 to 100% ideal body weight (IBW) and was lower as body weight deviated from this range. The FVC decreased linearly when IBW exceeded 100%. Weight gain was greatest during the first 12 mo after smoking cessation. Weight gain was associated with lower fifth-year FEV1 and FVC in all smoking categories: continuous smokers, intermittent smokers, and sustained quitters. The FVC was affected by weight gain more than was the FEV1, and the FEV1 was affected by smoking cessation more than FVC. Men showed more impairment of FVC with weight gain than did women, possibly because of differential patterns of fat deposition. In sustained quitters, after adjustment for baseline factors, the estimated reduction of FVC was 17.4 ml/kg weight gain for men and 10.6 ml/kg for women. The estimated loss of FEV1 was 11.1 ml/kg weight gain for men and 5.6 ml/kg for women. Lung function after smoking cessation is significantly influenced by weight gain and affects men more than women. The deleterious effects of weight gain are small, however, in comparison with the beneficial effects of smoking cessation.
Hypoxia inhibits senescence and maintains mesenchymal stem cell properties through down-regulation of E2A-p21 by HIF-TWIST
Authors: Chih-Chien Tsai, Yann-Jang Chen, Tu-Lai Yew, Ling-Lan Chen, Jir-You Wang, Chao-Hua Chiu, Shih-Chieh Hung
Journal: Blood (2010)
Automation Techniques in Personality Assessment
Authors: Howard P. Rome
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The REPORT of the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and Health<sup>1</sup>more specifically and lucidly than any statement on the human needs, rights, and dignity of psychiatric patients in recent years, charges the nation with an obligation to correct the errors of omission and commission on which the welfare of the mentally ill founders. It looks to the enfranchisement of these handicapped whose plight of dislocation is a consequence of the centrifugal forces of a society in rapid change. The pall of deficiencies of every sort which starkly confronts remedial efforts is all but crushing by its sheer magnitude, if by nothing else. If the present model of medical care for the nation's sick and injured is a paradigm for what is needed for the mentally sick, it is obvious that in the foreseeable future there will not be an adequate number of psychiatrists to do the job. It
REMARKS on PYLORECTOMY, with NOTES of TWO CASES, and a Description of a NEW METHOD of ATTACHING the DIVIDED STOMACH to the CUT DUODENUM
Authors: R. Morison
Journal: BMJ (1898)

PYLOREOTOMY.L[3DC Jou,uNAt 48I muscles which receive their nerve supply, partially or wholly, from the third lumbar nerves (Ferrier and Yeo,10 Paterson"1).(4) Although the chart, showing the area of aniesthesia after partial relief of the compression by laminectomy, indicated affection of the third lumbar roots according to Thorburn,4 'the other facts mentioned above made one inclined to adopt the view of Head" and Starr,12 according to whom the second lumbar roots would be the lowest involved.The diagnosis, therefore, made during life was that the lesion, probably of the nature of caries of the spine, implicated the cord by pressure between the level of origin of the ,eleventh dorsal and second lumbar roots inclusive.Iam indebted to Dr. J. Scott Riddell for having had an opportunity of performing a very partial necropsy.The condition found was as follows:NECROPSY.An incision was made over the spine, when a considerable quantity of pus escaped, coming apparently from the lower dorsal region ofthe spine.The spinal canal was opened upwards and downwards from the site of laminectomy.No irregularity of the spine was noted in the lower dorsal or upper lumbar region.The cord was removed through the whole lum- Ibar region and the greater part of the dorsal region, and it was found that there was marked thickening of the dura mater along the whole length of cord removed.There was no pus within the dura.The bodies of certain vertebrm were in great part destroyed and replaced by old caseous nodules, which, being firmly adherent to the thickened dura, were removed along with the cord and were found to projectthrough the dura, causing depressions in the cord opposite.The mass pressed on the .anteriorand lateral aspects of the cord as far back as, and including the origin of, the posterior roots, while the dura was very thick and firm over 'the posterior columns.The extent of cord compressed in this way included the part from above the origin of the eleventh dorsal roots to the level of the origin of the second lumbar roots.The cord showed a mnarkedconstriction between the origins of the tenth and eleventh dorsal roots.The lower two dorsal roots were much atrophied, and contrasted, forcibly in point of size with the tenth dorsal root, which 6eemed normal.The nodular mass, when examined microscopically, was found to show beautiful old tubercles.
High TGFβ-Smad Activity Confers Poor Prognosis in Glioma Patients and Promotes Cell Proliferation Depending on the Methylation of the PDGF-B Gene
Authors: Alejandra Bruna, Rachel S. Darken, Federico Rojo, Alberto Ocaña, Silvia Peñuelas, Alexandra Arias, Raquel Paris, Avelina Tortosa, Jaume Mora, Jose Baselga, Joan Seoane
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
Abstract 5437: Novel drug sensitivity test using three-dimensional primary lung cancer cell culture on microfabricated surface
Authors: Manami Shimomura, Ruriko Sakamoto, Kaori Yoshida, Ikuyo Ueda, Masahito Yonemura, Yoshihisa Shimada, Tetsuya Nakatsura
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: The behavior of cells cultured within three-dimensional structures more closely reflects their in vivo responses than onto two-dimensional culture. We established novel 3D primary cell culture on microfabricated surface and studied whether it was useful for drug sensitivity test in lung cancer. Experimental design: The cancerous portions of the lung cancer specimens were disrupted into single cell suspension and the 5 × 104 cells per well were seeded on novel nanotechnology-based 3D culture plate (Nanoculture plate®: NCP, SCIVAX Corp.), which has approximately 2-3μm diameter of micro fabrications on the culture surface. When the cancer cells formed the multicellular spheroids, anticancer drugs (GEM and Gefitinib; each concentration was 1uM and 10uM) were added and measured ATP quantity of living cells after 72 h. Fluorescence immunostaining of cytokeratin-18, the marker of lung epithelial cells, and α-SMA, the marker of fibroblast, were performed to examine the constituent cells. Results: Lung cancer cells rapidly formed multicellular spheroids on the NCP. It was revealed that these multicellular spheroids consisted of cancer cells and fibroblasts by staining α-SMA and cytokeratin-18. In one case showed sensitivity against Gefitinib but not against GEM, there was exon 19 deletion of EGFR in the cancer specimen. Discussion and Conclusion: This culture system could be useful for further evaluation such as individual chemotherapy sensitivity assays and for finding novel molecular targets for cancer drug. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5437. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5437
New drugs: beta blockers and sympathomimetics
Authors: R M Graham
Journal: BMJ (1983)

We have recently completed a randomised, double blind crossover study of central nervous system side effects with metoprolol and atenolol.'We studied hypertensive patients who had reported central nervous system side effects with lipophilic beta blockers; these patients were identified by means of an initial questionnaire.After a placebo period patients received the moderately lipophilic metoprolol and the hydrophilic atenolol in random order.
Abstract 3566: A robust and rapid targeted sequencing technology for iterative multiple genomic features in cancer
Authors: Billy Lau, Anna Cushing, Hanlee Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Targeted resequencing has enabled researchers and clinicians to analyze specific genomic regions of interest from cancer. For example, deep sequencing of cancer genes has allowed for the sensitive detection of rare somatic variants as well as oncogenic rearrangements that are otherwise difficult to observe with shotgun resequencing. Deep targeted resequencing of these regions can potentially provide prognostic information as well as guide treatment regimens. Current targeted resequencing methods, however, suffer from poor on-target performance, slow capture rates on the order of days, and significant manual effort. Existing commercial kits are extremely restricted for targeting custom regions of interest. Furthermore, libraries prepared for targeted resequencing purposes generally cannot be reused, thus limiting the number of replicates and follow-up experiments that can be performed for cancer samples. We present APEX (attachment-based porous extension) capture, a platform that rapidly and robustly generates targeted DNA fragments for next-generation sequencing on the Illumina platform in as little as two hours. It is based on the principle that chemical reactions are rapidly enhanced in high surface-to-area ratio microenvironments when one reaction component is surface-bound. As a proof of concept, we covalently tethered next-generation sequencing compatible DNA libraries to a silica membrane found in conventional spin columns, performed target-specific primer extension, and eluted them for next-generation sequencing. Through serial dilutions of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human DNA admixtures, we demonstrate CMV target enrichment down to single genome equivalents. In addition, using a tiling primer strategy we were able to robustly capture and resequence entire bacterial genomes. Because our targeted resequencing technology preserves the original sample library, we can sequentially target different regions of interest in a series of guided experiments. We performed multi-tiered analyses of colon biopsies, where we deep resequence cancer genes as well as survey fro cancer-related pathogens such as bacterial genomes that are co-purified in the sample. APEX capture therefore enables researchers to aggressively and rapidly characterize cancer genomic material, where large-scale targeting panels are followed by precise discriminatory ones that can guide diagnosis and treatment. Citation Format: Billy Lau, Anna Cushing, Hanlee Ji. A robust and rapid targeted sequencing technology for iterative multiple genomic features in cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3566. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3566
296 PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A (40KD) PLUS 800 OR 1000/1200 MG/DAY RBV IN G1 HIV-HCV-CO-INFECTED PATIENTS: EARLY RESPONSES TO TREATMENT AND PREDICTABILITY FOR SVR IN THE PARADIGM STUDY
Authors: M. Rodriguez-Torres, J. Slim, L. Bhatti, R.K. Sterling, T. Hassanein, B. Clotet, T. Branco, A. Bertasso, S. Stancic, M.S. Sulkowski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Sociodemographic factors contribute to the depressive affect among African Americans with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Michael J. Fischer, Paul L. Kimmel, Tom Greene, Jennifer J. Gassman, Xuelei Wang, Deborah H. Brooks, Jeanne Charleston, Donna Dowie, Denyse Thornley-Brown, Lisa A. Cooper, Marino A. Bruce, John W. Kusek, Keith C. Norris, James P. Lash
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
High Failure Rates After 131I Therapy in Graves Hyperthyroidism Patients With Large Thyroid Volumes, High Iodine Uptake, and High Iodine Turnover
Authors: Jeroen A. F. de Jong, Helena M. Verkooijen, Gerlof D. Valk, Pierre M. J. Zelissen, Bart de Keizer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The objective of this study was to identify patient characteristics positively and independently associated with I-iodide treatment failure in a large cohort of patients with Graves hyperthyroidism treated with either a calculated "standard" activity of 3.7 MBq/mL (0.1 mCi) or 7.4 MBq/mL (0.2 mCi) of thyroid volume.Data on 385 consecutive patients were prospectively collected. Clinical treatment outcome up to 1 year in relation to thyroid volume, 5- and 24-hour I uptake, 5/24-hour I uptake ratio, and the administered activity of radioiodine were analyzed.Overall treatment results were hypothyroidism in 46%, euthyroidism in 29%, and recurrent hyperthyroidism in 26% of patients. Thyroid volume (P = 0.000), 5/24-hour uptake ratio (P = 0.000), and 5- and 24-hour uptake alone (respectively, P = 0.000 and P = 0.002) were significantly associated with therapy outcome. Patients with a combination of a thyroid volume greater than 50 mL and a 5/24-hour uptake ratio 0.8 or greater showed treatment failure in 70% and 42% (respectively, 3.7 MBq/mL, n = 20; and 7.4 MBq/mL, n = 41).Thyroid volume and 5/24-hour uptake ratio were positively and independently associated with recurrent hyperthyroidism (respectively, odds ratio [OR], 5.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.39-11.76; and OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.59-5.59). Higher activities of 7.4 MBq/mL I were associated with a lower risk of treatment failure (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.18-0.62).Large thyroid volumes and high 5/24-hour uptake ratios are positively and independently associated with recurrent hyperthyroidism following I therapy in Graves hyperthyroidism. Higher success rates can be achieved when account is taken of these poor prognostic factors. In consequence, these patients should be treated with activities greater than 7.4 MBq/mL.