tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Paradoxical Marker of Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
Authors: ELLIOT M. MORRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1986Paradoxical Marker of Non-A, Non-B HepatitisELLIOT M. MORRIS, M.D.ELLIOT M. MORRIS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-2-294_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the April issue, Koziol and colleagues (1) conclude that antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) serves as a marker for non-A, non-B hepatitis agents in donated blood. In discussing this association, they dismiss the possibility that this antibody might simply identify carriers with coincident exposure to both hepatitis B and non-A, non-B viruses by observing that antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) serves no such distinguishing role, as might be expected if this hypothesis were true. However, I believe such a hypothesis might still be consistent with the data presented.The data describing the...References1. KOZIOLHOLLANDALLING DPD. Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen as a paradoxical marker of non-A, non-B hepatitis agents in donated blood. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:488-95. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BERMANALTERISHAKPURCELLJONES MHKRE. The chronic sequelae of non-A, non-B hepatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:1-6. LinkGoogle Scholar1. TABORSEEFFGERETY ELR. Chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis carrier state: transmissible agent documented in one patient over a six-year period. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:139-43. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HOOFNAGLESEEFFBALESZIMMERMAN JLZH. Type B hepatitis after transfusion with blood containing antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1379-83. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ELLIOT M. MORRIS, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHepatites pós-transfusionais na cidade de Campinas, SP, Brasil: II. Presença dos anticorpos anti-HBc e anti-HCV em candidatos a doadores de sangue e ocorrência de hepatites pós-transfusionais pelo vírus C nos receptores de sangue ou derivados 1 August 1986Volume 105, Issue 2Page: 294-294KeywordsAntigensBloodHepatitis AHepatitis BHepatitis B surface antigen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Europe agrees plan for chemical terrorism alert system
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Member states of the European region of the World Health Organization have agreed to establish a coordinated alert system to facilitate rapid response to incidents involving the deliberate use of chemical agents by terrorists.

Improved communication at national and international levels is central to responding effectively to acts and threats of chemical terrorism, agreed the European member states and other international organisations attending a recent meeting on the issue.

The meeting was organised jointly by the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the International Programme on …
Delirium induced by clarithromycin in a patient with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: C. Vicente de Vera, M. García, R. Pifarre Teixido, F. Barbe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

large randomised cardiovascular trials, pharmacogenomics probably help to improve individual tailored therapy.Thus, I value the suggestion to assess the effect of angiotensinconverting enzyme genotype in further therapeutic studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. S. Andreas
Epidermal growth factor-like, corneal wound healing substance in mouse tears.
Authors: O Tsutsumi, A Tsutsumi, T Oka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

We have identified the presence of a putative corneal wound healing substance in mouse tears, which has a molecular size and immunological properties similar to those of epidermal growth factor (EGF). The substance was capable of binding to EGF receptors in mouse parenchymal cells and this binding was inhibited by anti-EGF serum. The concentration of the EGF-like substance in the tears of male and female mice was estimated to be 79.3 +/- 7.0 (SD) ng/ml and 76.5 +/- 8.1 (SD) ng/ml, respectively, by EGF radioimmunoassay. Removal of the submandibular glands, which produce large amounts of EGF, reduced plasma EGF to an undetectable level and also decreased the concentration of the EGF-like substance in tears to 27.3 +/- 3.9 (SD) ng/ml in male mice and 25.8 +/- 3.7 (SD) ng/ml in female mice. Approximately 50% of sialoadenectomized (submandibular glands removed) male mice with deep corneal wounds developed severe ocular lesions or loss of sight whereas none of normal male mice with similar wounds did. Topical application of EGF to deeply wounded eyes of sialoadenectomized mice eliminated the various complications and restored the healing rate and incidence of recovery to virtually normal levels.
A Critical Analysis of RBRVS
Authors: A. B. Fleischer
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article entitled "A Critical Analysis of the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale"<sup>1</sup>is timely and provocative. Few health care providers would argue that some physicians work longer hours than others. Can we feel comfortable in accepting the assumptions that Dr Maloney uses to calculate his fee-per-hour data? Are the conclusions valid? Maloney calculates a "nominal work hour" value that handsomely rewards those specialties with weekly working hours greater than 48. His calculation, in simplest terms, multiplies
New report highlights obstacles for migrants in accessing healthcare in European Union
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The extent to which certain sections of society, particularly undocumented migrants, are excluded from healthcare systems in the European Union has been highlighted in a new report from Doctors of the World (Medecins du Monde), an international aid organisation providing medical care to vulnerable people across the world.

Based on 2011 data collected in the organisation’s health centres in Amsterdam, Brussels, London, Munich, and Nice, the report highlights a lack of access to antenatal care, vaccinations, and primary healthcare for non-EU nationals and EU nationals living in other EU countries. It concludes: “Obtaining access to healthcare for destitute EU nationals living in an EU country other than their own has become an administrative nightmare. In most cases, they are unable to obtain …
The non-immunosuppressive cyclosporin DEBIO-025 is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus replicationin vitro
Authors: Jan Paeshuyse, Artur Kaul, Erik De Clercq, Brigitte Rosenwirth, Jean‐Maurice Dumont, Pietro Scalfaro, Ralf Bartenschlager, Johan Neyts
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Cyclosporin A (CsA) inhibits the in vitro replication of HCV subgenomic replicons. We here report on the potent anti-HCV activity of the non-immunosuppressive cyclosporin DEBIO-025. The 50% effective concentration for inhibition of HCV subgenomic replicon replication in Huh 5-2 cells (luciferase assay) by DEBIO-025 was 0.27 ± 0.03 μg/mL and for CsA 2.8 ± 0.4 μg/mL. The concentration that reduced the growth of exponentially proliferating Huh 5-2 cells by 50% was greater than 27 μg/mL for DEBIO-025 and 12 ± 6 μg/mL for CsA, resulting in a selectivity index of approximately 900 for DEBIO-025 and 40 for CsA. The superior activity of DEBIO-025, as compared with CsA, was corroborated by monitoring HCV RNA levels in Huh 5-2, two other HCV subgenomic replicon-containing cell lines, and by monitoring the luciferase signal and viral antigen production in hepatoma cells that had been infected with an infectious full-length chimeric HCV construct. The combination of interferon alpha 2a with either CsA or DEBIO-025 resulted in an additive to slightly synergistic antiviral activity. DEBIO-025, at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 μg/mL, was able to clear cells from their HCV replicon within three to four passages, whereas treatment with CsA at the same concentrations for seven consecutive passages did not result in clearance of the HCV replicon. In conclusion, DEBIO-025, a compound that is also endowed with potent anti-HIV activity and is well tolerated in animals and humans, may form an attractive new option for the therapy of HCV infections, particularly in HCV/HIV co-infected patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;43:761–770.)
PARP1-Driven Poly-ADP-Ribosylation Regulates BRCA1 Function in Homologous Recombination–Mediated DNA Repair
Authors: Yiduo Hu, Sarah A. Petit, Scott B. Ficarro, Kimberly J. Toomire, Anyong Xie, Elgene Lim, Shiliang A. Cao, Eunyoung Park, Michael J. Eck, Ralph Scully, Myles Brown, Jarrod A. Marto, David M. Livingston
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract BRCA1 promotes homologous recombination–mediated DNA repair (HRR). However, HRR must be tightly regulated to prevent illegitimate recombination. We previously found that BRCA1 HRR function is regulated by the RAP80 complex, but the mechanism was unclear. We have now observed that PARP1 interacts with and poly-ADP-ribosylates (aka PARsylates) BRCA1. PARsylation is directed at the BRCA1 DNA binding domain and downmodulates its function. Moreover, RAP80 contains a poly-ADP-ribose–interacting domain that binds PARsylated BRCA1 and helps to maintain the stability of PARP1–BRCA1–RAP80 complexes. BRCA1 PARsylation is a key step in BRCA1 HRR control. When BRCA1 PARsylation is defective, it gives rise to excessive HRR and manifestations of genome instability. BRCA1 PARsylation and/or RAP80 expression is defective in a subset of sporadic breast cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor xenograft models. These observations are consistent with the possibility that such defects, when chronic, contribute to tumor development in BRCA1+/+ individuals. Significance: We propose a model that describes how BRCA1 functions to both support and restrict HRR. BRCA1 PARsylation is a key event in this process, failure of which triggers hyper-recombination and chromosome instability. Thus, hyperfunctioning BRCA1 can elicit genomic abnormalities similar to those observed in the absence of certain BRCA1 functions. Cancer Discov; 4(12); 1430–47. ©2014 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1355
Strand-Biased Gene Distribution in Bacteria Is Related to both Horizontal Gene Transfer and Strand-Biased Nucleotide Composition
Authors: Hao Wu, Hongzhu Qu, Ning Wan, Zhang Zhang, Songnian Hu, Jun Yu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract Although strand-biased gene distribution (SGD) was described some two decades ago, the underlying molecular mechanisms and their relationship remain elusive. Its facets include, but are not limited to, the degree of biases, the strand-preference of genes, and the influence of background nucleotide composition variations. Using a dataset composed of 364 non-redundant bacterial genomes, we sought to illustrate our current understanding of SGD. First, when we divided the collection of bacterial genomes into non-polC and polC groups according to their possession of DnaE isoforms that correlate closely with taxonomy, the SGD of the polC group stood out more significantly than that of the non-polC group. Second, when examining horizontal gene transfer, coupled with gene functional conservation (essentiality) and expressivity (level of expression), we realized that they all contributed to SGD. Third, we further demonstrated a weaker G-dominance on the leading strand of the non-polC group but strong purine dominance (both G and A) on the leading strand of the polC group. We propose that strand-biased nucleotide composition plays a decisive role for SGD since the polC-bearing genomes are not only AT-rich but also have pronounced purine-rich leading strands, and we believe that a special mutation spectrum that leads to a strong purine asymmetry and a strong strand-biased nucleotide composition coupled with functional selections for genes and their functions are both at work.
Emotional dysfunction, child-family relationships and childhood atopic dermatitis
Authors: None HOWLETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

A link between atopic dermatitis (AD) and emotional dysfunction is now well established but consideration of this has yet to be widely incorporated into clinical management. A biopsychosocial model of the mind–body interaction is considered in conjunction with the theory of childhood emotional development and the impact of a diseased skin, for its effect on a child growing up with AD. AD inevitably adds to the difficulties of parenting, so that parents and children may become locked into dysfunctional relationships. This adds to the stresses for all concerned, and may contribute to the deterioration of the child's skin condition as part of a psychosomatic vicious cycle. There is a strong indication that the psychological dimensions of AD should be taken into account as part of routine management. Further research will be needed to establish the effectiveness of any psychological intervention.
The mechanisms of serum‐treated zymosan (STZ)‐induced oxidative metabolism by human eosinophils and the effects of IL‐5 priming
Authors: C. Woschnagg, R. C. Garcia, P. Venge
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: The aim of this work was to study the mechanisms of action of IL‐5 on the subsequent stimulation of the oxidative metabolism of blood eosinophils by serum‐treated zymosan (STZ), in terms of signal transduction characteristics, and by comparing the response of cells from healthy and allergic subjects during environmental exposure to birch pollen. Methods: Eosinophils from healthy controls and allergic patients were purified to over 95% by Percoll gradients and the MACS system. Oxidative metabolism was measured by a lucigenin‐enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) assay. Eosinophils were primed with IL‐5 and subsequently stimulated with STZ. The signal transduction mechanisms of IL‐5 priming were studied with the MEK inhibitor PD 98059,the PkC inhibitors staurosporine and Ro 318220, and the PI 3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin. Results: IL‐5 increased the maximum radical production ( P =0.0079) and reduced the t ½ rise (0.000018) of the CL reactions. The t ½ rise was PkC dependent and MEK independent, while the maximum radical production was PkC, MEK, and PI 3 kinase dependent. During the pollen season, IL‐5 reduced the total STZ‐induced CL response in the patients' cells ( P =0.016), but not in the control cells, whereas it primed the response to STZ of both cell populations in terms of the t ½ rise ( P =0.012 and 0.00066, respectively). Conclusions: STZ‐induced oxidative metabolism consists of different stages. The initial stage (t ½ rises of the curves) is PkC dependent and MEK independent, while the end stage (maximum radical production) is PkC, MEK, and PI 3 kinase dependent. IL‐5 shortened the initial stage, and increased the end stage. During allergen exposure, however, the end stage was reduced by IL‐5. This could be due to increased amounts of hypodense eosinophils and/or some abnormality in cell responses.
Perioral blisters in a bug-biting baby
Authors: S.K. JONES, L. STRONG, J.L. BURTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We report peri-oral blistering caused by biting a bug, Palomena prasina, commonly found in the U.K. This is just one of a number of insects commonly found in the U.K. which produce chemicals for defensive purposes that may injure human skin. Contact with insects should, therefore, be considered as a cause of blistering eruptions, even in Britain, especially in the young who are more likely to handle insects.
Evidence for Differential Reflex Regulation of Cholinergic and Noncholinergic Parasympathetic Nerves Innervating the Airways
Authors: Stuart B. Mazzone, Brendan J. Canning
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

The hypothesis that cholinergic and nonadrenergic, noncholinergic parasympathetic nerves innervating the airways are subject to differential reflex regulation was addressed. Pronounced contractile and relaxant parasympathetic reflex responses could be evoked by intravenous histamine, laryngeal mucosal application of capsaicin, inhaled capsaicin, or electrical stimulation of the vagal afferent nerves projecting to the esophagus and abdominal viscera. These data suggest that activation of multiple vagal afferent nerve subtypes can initiate both cholinergic and noncholinergic parasympathetic reflexes in the airways. Conversely, hypoxia or activation of the diving response from the nose evoked only cholinergic contractile reflexes. All contractile and relaxant responses evoked by these stimuli were absent in vagotomized animals or in animals pretreated with the ganglionic blocker trimethaphan, confirming their reflex and parasympathetic nature. The data indicate that cholinergic and noncholinergic parasympathetic nerves regulating airway caliber in guinea pigs are comprised of two distinct parasympathetic pathways that are subject to differential reflex regulation. This previously unrecognized complexity of autonomic regulation of airway caliber has potentially important implications for the mechanisms of airways hyperresponsiveness.
Cesarean Births and Trial of Labor Rates
Authors: Sylvain Fribourg
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  The report by Shiono et al 1 entitled Recent Trends in Cesarean Birth and Trial of Labor Rates in the United States is a fine preliminary report on the subject, indicating the need for further study if we are in fact truly to understand the crude overall rise in cesarean births and attempt either to stem the rise or to reverse it.  The authors state that 53% of the rise in cesarean deliveries from 1980 to 1983 was due to dystocia. Dystocia includes at least three different diagnostic possibilities: either abnormal or weak uterine forces, contraction of the maternal pelvis, or fetal malpresentation. The imprecision of the diagnosis of dystocia, for example, the diagnosis of maternal pelvic anatomic contraction, is repeatedly demonstrated when a vaginal birth after cesarean results in a larger newborn than the newborn delivered by cesarean section, even when both were documented to have
Abstract PR03: Multivalent histone engagement by the linked tandem Tudor and PHD domains of UHRF1 is required for DNA methylation maintenance
Authors: Scott B. Rothbart, Bradley M. Dickson, Michelle S. Ong, Krzysztof Krajewski, Scott Houliston, Dmitri B. Kireev, Cheryl H. Arrowsmith, Brian D. Strahl
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) represent two key epigenetic regulators of DNA information in chromatin. The faithful inheritance of DNA methylation is essential for normal mammalian development and long-term transcriptional silencing, and aberrant DNA methylation patterns are a hallmark of many cancers. Histone PTMs can alter the physical structure of chromatin and have been proposed to function in the context of a “histone code” to coordinate the recruitment of effector proteins that elicit selective effects on chromatin-templated cellular processes like gene transcription and DNA repair. Indeed, defects in histone recognition by effector proteins are also emerging as underlying causes of cancer initiation and progression. Effector proteins often contain multiple chromatin binding domains. While significant progress has been made characterizing individual effector domains, the role of paired domains and how they function in a combinatorial fashion within chromatin is poorly defined. The E3 ubiquitin ligase UHRF1 is a unique chromatin effector protein, in that it integrates the recognition of both histone PTMs and DNA methylation. We recently showed that H3K9 methyl binding by the tandem Tudor domain (TTD) of UHRF1 is required for DNA methylation maintenance in cancer cells — yet the function of its adjacent plant homeodomain (PHD) in this process was unknown. Here we show that the linked TTD and PHD of UHRF1 operate as a single functional unit in cells, providing a defined combinatorial readout of the modification state of the histone H3 tail that is essential for UHRF1-directed DNA methylation maintenance by DNMT1. These findings provide critical support for the ‘histone code' hypothesis, demonstrating that multivalent histone engagement plays a fundamental role in driving a downstream biological event in chromatin and suggest UHRF1 may be a favorable therapeutic target for regulating aberrant DNA methylation in cancers. This abstract is also presented as Poster B26. Citation Format: Scott B. Rothbart, Bradley M. Dickson, Michelle S. Ong, Krzysztof Krajewski, Scott Houliston, Dmitri B. Kireev, Cheryl H. Arrowsmith, Brian D. Strahl. Multivalent histone engagement by the linked tandem Tudor and PHD domains of UHRF1 is required for DNA methylation maintenance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR03.
Regional Differences in the Recovery Course of Tachycardia-Induced Changes of Atrial Electrophysiological Properties
Authors: Shih-Huang Lee, Fang-Yue Lin, Wen-Chung Yu, Jun-Jack Cheng, Peiliang Kuan, Chi-Ren Hung, Mau-Song Chang, Shih-Ann Chen
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Regional differences in recovery of tachycardia-induced changes of atrial electrophysiological properties have not been well studied. Methods and Results —In the control group (5 dogs), atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and inducibility of atrial fibrillation (AF) were assessed before and every 4 hours for 48 hours after complete atrioventricular junction (AVJ) ablation with 8-week VVI pacing. In experimental group 1 (15 dogs), AERP and inducibility of AF were assessed before and after complete AVJ ablation with 8-week rapid right atrial (RA) pacing (780 bpm) and VVI pacing. In experimental group 2 (7 dogs), AERP and inducibility of AF were assessed before and after 8-week rapid left atrial (LA) pacing and VVI pacing. AERP and inducibility and duration of AF were obtained from 7 epicardial sites. In the control group, atrial electrophysiological properties obtained immediately and during 48-hour measurements after pacing did not show any change. In the 2 experimental groups, recovery of atrial electrophysiological properties included a progressive recovery of AERP shortening, recovery of AERP maladaptation, and decrease of duration and episodes of reinduced AF. However, recovery of shortening and maladaptation of AERP and inducibility of AF was slower at the LA than at the RA and Bachmann’s bundle. Conclusions —The LA had a slower recovery of tachycardia-induced changes of atrial electrophysiological properties, and this might play a critical role in initiation of AF.