tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Integrating an Automated Diabetes Management System Into the Family Management of Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tammy R. Toscos, Stephen W. Ponder, Barbara J. Anderson, Mayer B. Davidson, Martin L. Lee, Elaine Montemayor-Gonzalez, Patricia Reyes, Eric Link, Kevin L. McMahon
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

The study objective was to evaluate how the use of a pervasive blood glucose monitoring (BGM) technology relates to glycemic control, report of self-care behavior, and emotional response to BGM of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents.Forty-eight children aged less than 12 years (mean 8.8 years) with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to one of two study groups, a control group (conventional care without technology) or an experimental group (conventional care with technology), and followed for 12 months. Families in the experimental group were given the Automated Diabetes Management System (ADMS), which automatically collects blood glucose (BG) values and sends to parent(s) a 21-day BG trending report via e-mail each night. Measures of glycemic control (HbA(1c)) were collected at baseline and at quarterly diabetes clinic visits; BGM effect and diabetes self-care behavior measures were obtained at the baseline, 6-month, and 12-month visits.Children in the experimental group had significantly (P = 0.01) lower HbA(1c) at 12 months (7.44 ± 0.94, -0.35 from baseline) than controls (8.31 ± 1.24, +0.15 from baseline). Improvement in HbA(1c) was more profound in families using the ADMS more frequently. In addition, in these families, parents showed a significant improvement in BGM effect (P = 0.03) and children became more meticulous in diabetes self-care (P = 0.04). Children in both experimental and control groups experienced no change in their emotional response to BGM.Using the ADMS 1-3 times/week may help children with type 1 diabetes improve glycemic control and gain diabetes self-management skills, as well as improve the BGM effect of parents.
Effects of gliclazide on platelet aggregation and the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hiroyuki Konya, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Tomoya Hamaguchi, Kahori Satani, Akiko Umehara, Tomoyuki Katsuno, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Masayuki Miuchi, Kousuke Kohri, Akira Suehiro, Eizo Kakishita, Jun-ichiro Miyagawa, Mitsuyoshi Namba
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
UNDULANT (MALTA) FEVER: TWO FATAL CASES IN MICHIGAN
Authors: Don H. Duffie
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Of human infections with organisms of the melitensisabortus group, three clinical types are recognized: a chronic form, lasting months, with remissions; a subacute form, and the rarer malignant type here described. R. S., a farmer, aged 46, with his wife and three children, moved last April to a farmhouse which had been long abandoned. They were all soon ill with what they believed to be influenza, suffering the conventional aches, pains and respiratory symptoms, but not calling a physician till all but one child had recovered. This child, a boy, aged 6, passed into a lethargic stupor, broken every few minutes by whining cries, which condition continued till death, seven days later. During this time their horses had distemper (as they said) and for a while were expected to die. The boy's temperature was very irregular: 106 F. one day and normal the next The leukocyte count was
Serendipitous Detection of a Horseshoe Kidney during Blood Pool Imaging for Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: LUIS FERNANDO ANEZ, SHIV M. GUPTA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Diagnosis of a horseshoe kidney was serendipitiously made in an otherwise negative Gl bleeding scan performed in a 66-year-old woman. CT scan and surgical exploration confirmed the findings, thus averting a falsepositive diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Contractile Properties of the Human Diaphragm during Chronic Hyperinflation
Authors: T Similowski, S Yan, A P Gauthier, P T Macklem, F Bellemare
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hyperinflation of the lungs, dysfunction of the diaphragm may contribute to respiratory decompensation. We evaluated the contractile function of the diaphragm in well-nourished patients with stable COPD, using supramaximal, bilateral phrenic-nerve stimulation, which provides information about the strength and inspiratory action of the diaphragm.
Evaluation of the penetration of ciprofloxacin and amoxycillin into the bronchial mucosa.
Authors: D Honeybourne, J M Andrews, J P Ashby, R Lodwick, R Wise
Journal: Thorax (1988)

The concentrations of two antibiotics, amoxycillin and ciprofloxacin, were measured by microbiological assay in serum and in bronchial mucosa obtained at fibreoptic bronchoscopy in 38 patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy for a range of respiratory symptoms. Patients had taken one of the two drugs orally for four days before bronchoscopy. The percentage penetration of antibiotic from serum to bronchial mucosa was calculated as the ratio of drug concentration in bronchial tissue to that in serum x 100. Of the nine patients who took amoxycillin 500 mg thrice daily the mean (SD) percentage penetration was 75. This was significantly lower than the mean percentage penetration of 147 in 29 patients who took ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily. Ten patients were given a single intravenous dose of ciprofloxacin 200 mg one hour before bronchoscopy and the mean percentage penetration was 231. This study has shown that the quinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin is concentrated in the bronchial mucosa.
Comparison of measures of left ventricular contractile performance derived from pressure-volume loops in conscious dogs.
Authors: W C Little, C P Cheng, M Mumma, Y Igarashi, J Vinten-Johansen, W E Johnston
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Three measures of left ventricular (LV) performance derived from pressure (P)-volume (V) loops have been proposed: the end-systolic P-V (PES-VES) relation, the stroke work-end-diastolic V (SW-VED) relation, and maximum dP/dt-VED (dP/dtmax-VED) relation. We evaluated the variability of repeated determinations, and inotropic and load sensitivity of these relations in conscious dogs. LVV was determined from three orthogonal LV diameters measured by sonomicrometry. Three to six sets of variably loaded P-V loops were generated by transient caval occlusions before and again after increasing inotropic state by infusing dobutamine (6 +/- 1 microgram/kg/min, mean +/- SD) and after increasing PES by 49 +/- 17 mm Hg with phenylephrine following autonomic blockade. The slope (MSW) of the SW-VED relation was the least variable at constant inotropic state (coefficient of variation, 4 +/- 3%) compared with the slope (EES) of the PES-VES relation (8 +/- 3%) or the slope (dE/dtmax) of the dP/dtmax-VED relation (11 +/- 6%, p less than 0.05). The extrapolated volume-axis intercept of the SW-VED relation was much less variable than the intercepts of the PES-VES or dP/dtmax-VED relations. MSW, EES, and dE/dtmax all increased (p less than 0.05) in response to dobutamine. The extrapolated volume-axis intercepts of the PES-VES and dP/dtmax-VED relations increased with dobutamine, whereas the volume intercept of the SW-VED relation was unchanged. MSW had the smallest increase in response to dobutamine (124 +/- 22% of control) compared to EES (178 +/- 67% of control) and dE/dtmax (211 +/- 68% of control, p less than 0.05). The position of the PES-VES relation, quantified as the VES at PES = 100 (V100), showed less variability (2 +/- 1%) than the slope of the PES-VES relation (8 +/- 3%, p less than 0.05). V100 decreased from 30.8 +/- 17.4 to 26.7 +/- 13.7 ml during dobutamine (p less than 0.05). After phenylephrine, EES, MSW, and dE/dtmax decreased by less than 10% (p = NS). The PES-VES relation shifted to the left with this increased afterload and V100 decreased by 3.2 +/- 1.5 ml (p less than 0.05), whereas the position of the SW-VED and dp/dtmax-VED relations were relatively unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
A Lecture ON INTUSSUSCEPTION: Delivered at the West London Hospital Post-Graduate College
Authors: H. S. Souttar
Journal: BMJ (1913)

Definition.AN intussusception consists, in the words of John Hunter, in the passing of one portion of the intestine into another.Except in certain rare instances, and in the multiple intussusceptions of the death agony, with which we have no concern, this passage is always of the upper into a lower portion.It may occur in any portion of the bowel, and we thus distinguish enteric, enterocolic, and colic varieties; but in the absence of some definite cause-some abnormality, congenital or pathological-the great majority of these occur in the neighbourhood of the ileo-caecal junction.We shall later on discuss the causes of this remarkable circumstance. Anatomy.A simple intussusception consists essentially of tbree tubes embracing one another-the outer layer or sheath, the middle or returning layer, the inner or entering layer.The sheath is, as we shall see, actively engaged in swal- lowing the other two layers, which are entirely passive.The sheath is therefore called the intussuscipiens, the other two layers being together the intussusceptum.The end of the intussusceptum is called the apex, the upper end of the intussuscipiens is the neck.This is, of course, the simplest form of intussusception.Double and treble varieties are not infrequent.Let us now examine in greater detail the three tubes or layers we have just defined.The peritoneal coats face respectively outwards in the sheath, inwards in the returning layer, outwards in the entering layer.The sheatlh and the returning layer have, therefore, their mucous surfaces in contact, and whilst this stimulates the sheath to contract, it renders adhesions between these layers most unlikely.The returning and entering layers, on the other hand, have their peritoneal surfaces in contact, and early adhesion between these layers may be expected.In fact, such adhesion in the neighbonrhood of the apex, or oldest part of the intussusception, is almost invariable in acute cases of any standing, and may offer a serious obstacle to reduction.These two layers are therefore rightly grouped together as the "intussuscep- tum."Causation.
UK introduces "NHS Oscars"
Authors: M. Pownall
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Dozens of “beacon” awards for high quality or improved services are to be made to NHS trusts and GP practices, health minister John Denham announced last week.

Mr Denham launched the £10m ($16m) initiative at a meeting of the National Association of Primary Care in London. He also announced details of one national and eight regional Nye Bevan awards, named after the politician who established the …
SURGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DIVERTICULA OF THE ESOPHAGUS
Authors: Michael E. De Bakey
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Diverticula of the esophagus are encountered with increasing frequency in recent years primarily because of the increased employment of roentgenologic studies of the gastrointestinal tract as part of a more thorough examination of patients. In some instances the diverticulum is symptomatically silent; in others, it may be the cause of mild symptoms unrelated to those for which the patient has sought medical care. In a certain number, however, the diverticulum is incriminable as the direct cause of the patient's malady.  The earliest reference to either pharyngeal or esophageal diverticulum was in a letter written by Ludlow of Bristol (England) to William Hunter in 1764. 1 The specimen about which the letter was written is still preserved in the Hunterian museum at Glasgow (Scotland). In 1816 Sir Charles Bell described in his volume of surgical observations a praeternatural bag formed by the membrane of the pharynx. 2 The first systematic study
COMPLICATIONS OF ONE STAGE ABDOMINOPERINEAL RESECTION OF RECTUM
Authors: THOMAS E. JONES
Journal: JAMA (1942)

It is instructive to review the complications in any series of cases of a standard procedure. One may avoid some, recognize some early and by so doing institute therapy which may reduce morbidity or mortality. Until Jan. 1, 1942 my associates and I have had an experience with more than 500 cases of one stage abdominoperineal resections for cancer of the rectum, some of the complications of which I will enumerate. In general they are those attendant on any major pelvic operation; some are more common, while others, which one might presume to be frequent, are significant by their absence. Parotitis is not common (about 5 per cent). It seems to run in cycles, months elapsing between groups of a few cases. Manning<sup>1</sup>at the Cleveland Clinic reviewed a series of cases in which the biophotometer test was made for the level of vitamin A. A low level is
Childhood Obesity — The Shape of Things to Come
Authors: David S. Ludwig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Dr. David Ludwig writes that if we don't take steps to reverse the course of the obesity epidemic, the children of each successive generation seem destined to be fatter and sicker than their parents. Ludwig discusses four overlapping phases of the epidemic. Dr. David Ludwig discusses the childhood obesity epidemic, its long-term consequences, and nutritional and political approaches to combatting it. Dr. Ludwig is director of the Optimal Weight for Life Program in the Division of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, and an associate professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School.
Treating Cancer With Coffee Enemas and Diet-Reply
Authors: Saul Green
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Brown charges that my review carries a proselytizing tone, that I do not review the current literature on the relationship between diet and cancer, and that I do not comment on the "proposed long-term effects of our contemporary sodium-rich, potassium-poor diet on cellular function." He states that I should have discussed the role of the colon in excretory physiology. My review is a critique of the "science" Gerson and his proponents cite to explain the mechanisms of disease and its cure. The potential benefit of dietary fruits and vegetables that Brown alludes to relates primarily to the prevention of cancer. Since Gerson's diet is used in the treatment of existing cancer, a review of the literature on influence of diet in prevention was not called for. Since, to my knowledge, there are no scientific or medical papers that describe long-term effects of high sodium and low potassium
Phase II study of thalidomide, Interleukin-2 (IL-2), and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC)
Authors: M. Morgan, A. Rawat, R. J. Amato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4717 Background: Thalidomide’s immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic effects may augment the antitumor activity of IL-2. The early efficacy and safety findings observed in low dose subcutaneous (SQ) IL-2/thalidomide combination therapy for treatment of MRCC (ASCO, 2003) form the foundation for the current study. GM-CSF is an important cytokine for the generation and propagation of antigen presenting cells and for priming cellular immune responses. The primary objective is to improve the antitumor activity by adding GM-CSF to the thalidomide plus IL-2 regimen. Methods: Eligibility: histologic diagnosis of confirmed clear cell carcinoma, excluding papillary, sarcomatoid, or collecting duct tumors, measurable MRCC, normal organ/marrow function, life expectancy ≥12 weeks, Zubrod performance status (ZPS) ≤2, no prior chemo or immunotherapy, no active CNS involvement. Wk 0, thalidomide was administered orally at 200mg and increased to 400mg after 48 hrs, IL-2 at 7mIu/m2 and GM-CSF at 250mcg/m2 were injected SQ, starting at wk 1, days 1–5, wks 1–4, with a rest period at wks 5, 6. Response was assessed every 2 therapy cycles. Stable or responding pts completed 6 cycles, then were placed on maintenance thalidomide. Six pts are inevaluable for response secondary to CNS toxicity, non-compliance, or early progressive disease. Pt characteristics: 21 male/7 female, aged 57–73 (median 64) years; 28 pts had confirmed RCC. All pts had metastatic involvement. Sites included: lung (N=24), nodal (N=6), liver (N=5), bone (N=2), kidney (N=1), eye (N=1). Number of metastatic sites: 1 (N=16), 2 (N=9), 3 (N=3). ZPS 0 (N=25) and ZPS 1 (N=3). Results: 28 pts were enrolled: 3 complete responses, 6 partial, 6 stable, 7 progressive disease, and 6 not evaluable. Grade 1/2 toxicity included: somnolence, constipation, rash, flu-like symptoms, fluid retention, hypotension, hypothyroidism, sinus bradycardia, and peripheral neuropathy. Hematologic changes consisted of: leukocytosis associated with neutropenia, lymphocytosis and eosinophilia. Conclusion: Enrollment is ongoing. Data regarding response rate, time to progression, and toxicity will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Celgene, Chiron Celgene, Chiron, Endocyte
The Weak "A" Reaction found in Some Cases of the Blood Group "AB"
Authors: G. L. Taylor, R. R. Race, A. M. Prior, E. W. Ikin
Journal: BMJ (1940)

This test would fail to disclose the A factor in the unlikely case of an A1B person, misdiagnosed as B, whose serum contained the rare agglutinin a. (anti-O).Testing all reputed B's with both O and A, cells would eliminate this source of error, and, of course, there would be no reaction with A, cells.
TCT-350 Long term effect of sodium bicarbonate plus N-acetylcysteine in the setting of urgent PCI for STEMI
Authors: Antonio Maria Leone, Andrea Aurelio, Eloisa Basile, Pio Cialdella, Filippo Crea, Alberto R. De Caterina, Maria Bendetta Giannico, Roberto Patrizi, Antonio G. Rebuzzi, Dolores Russo, Francesco Summaria
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Growth Trajectories and Bone Mineral Density in Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody–positive Children: The Generation R Study
Authors: Michelle A E Jansen, Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong, Romy Gaillard, Johanna C Escher, Albert Hofman, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Herbert Hooijkaas, Henriette A Moll
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
533 METADOXINE ADDED TO STEROID THERAPY IMPROVES SIX-MONTH SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS
Authors: M.F. Higuera-de la Tijera, A.I. Servín-Caamaño, A. Serralde- Zuñ iga, J.M. Abdo-Francis, J. Cruz-Herrera, J.L. Pérez-Herna'ndez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Histopathology of Embolic Debris Captured During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Nicolas M. Van Mieghem, Marguerite E.I. Schipper, Elena Ladich, Elham Faqiri, Robert van der Boon, Abas Randjgari, Carl Schultz, Adriaan Moelker, Robert-Jan van Geuns, Fumiyuki Otsuka, Patrick W. Serruys, Renu Virmani, Peter P. de Jaegere
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Recent transcatheter aortic valve replacement studies have raised concerns about adverse cerebrovascular events. The etiopathology of the embolized material is currently unknown.A total of 40 patients underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the use of a dual filter-based embolic protection device (Montage Dual Filter System, Claret Medical, Inc). Macroscopic material liberated during the transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure was captured in the device filter baskets in 30 (75%) patients and sent for histopathologic analysis. The captured material varied in size from 0.15 to 4.0 mm. Amorphous calcified material (size, 0.55-1.8 mm) was identified in 5 patients (17%). In 8 patients (27%), the captured material (size, 0.25-4.0 mm) contained valve tissue composed of loose connective tissue (collagen and elastic fibers) with focal areas of myxoid stroma, with or without coverage by endothelial cells and intermixed with fibrin. In another 13 (43%) patients, collagenous tissue, which may represent elements of vessel wall and valvelike structures, was identified. In 9 patients (30%), thrombotic material was intermixed with neutrophils (size, 0.15-2.0 mm). Overall, thrombotic material was found in 52% of patients, and tissue fragments compatible with aortic valve leaflet or aortic wall origin were found in 52% (21/40) of patients.Embolic debris traveling to the brain was captured in 75% of transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedures where a filter-based embolic protection device was used. The debris consisted of fibrin, or amorphous calcium and connective tissue derived most likely from either the native aortic valve leaflets or aortic wall.
Guiding and optimization of resynchronization therapy with dynamic three‐dimensional echocardiography and segmental volume–time curves: a feasibility study
Authors: Boudewijn J. Krenning, Tamas Szili‐Torok, Marco M. Voormolen, Dominic A.M.J. Theuns, Luc J. Jordaens, Charles T. Lancée, Nico de Jong, Anton F.W. van der Steen, Folkert J. Ten Cate, Jos R.T.C. Roelandt
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2004)
Abstract P3-07-12: Risk Factors for Breast Cancer in Women Served in Odete Valadares Maternity, Belo Horizonte-MG
Authors: CMNO Sediyama, MCG Peluzio, MV Abranches
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract With changes in lifestyle of the population and changes in women reproductive patterns in the last century, the profile of mortality among women has changed, today the prevailing non-infectious chronic diseases, like cancer, including breast cancer. This paper is a case-control population-based, with the objective of evaluating the risk factors and their association with breast cancer in a population of women seen in Odete Valadares Maternity, in the Hospital Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais, in Belo Horizonte, between January and July 2006. Inclusion criteria were age over 18 years and referral for mammography service. Women with abnormal mammography and confirmation of malignancy of the breast were invited to participate in the study, and those with normal mammography were invited to compose the control group. We evaluated 710 women and 456 selected to participate in the study, 261 with breast cancer and 195 healthy controls. The participants were interviewed, answered a questionnaire on reproductive aspects and lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, children, age at menarche and menopause, oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy and breast-feeding) and was measured anthropometric data. The association between several independent variables and the presence of breast cancer was evaluated by Student's t test, Mann-Whitney and chi square test. We estimated odds ratio and their respective confidence intervals. This study found a positive association between physical inactivity, menopause, nulliparity, lack of breastfeeding and family history of breast cancer and the diagnosis of breast cancer, and alcohol conferred a protective effect in this population. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-12.
IS THERE A SCARLET FEVER TOXOID?
Authors: GEORGE F. DICK
Journal: JAMA (1934)

In early studies of diphtheria toxin, it was observed that on standing the toxin undergoes spontaneous change resulting in loss of toxicity. But this loss of toxicity is not accompanied by corresponding loss in ability to neutralize diphtheria antitoxin. In elaborating his theory of immunity, Ehrlich employed the term  to designate this nontoxic substance which is still able to bind antitoxin. The French prefer the term anatoxin for this substance. The change from toxin to toxoid, which takes place spontaneously in solutions of diphtheria toxin, may be hastened by addition of certain chemicals. Ramon used formaldehyde to accelerate and complete the change from diphtheria toxin to toxoid and utilized the formolized product for active immunization. He found the same method useful in obtaining toxoid from tetanus toxin. Toxoids that have lost their toxicity but retain the ability to neutralize and stimulate the production of antitoxin are satisfactory agents for