tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interaction between azapropazone and warfarin.
Authors: J C McElnay, P F D'Arcy
Journal: BMJ (1977)

two separate analyses2 3 we concluded that from 1956 to 1973 age-specific mortality from ischaemic heart disease increased in both sexes, but the increase was greater in women than in men, except in age groups above 55 years, and in young men this increase was less marked during the 1960s than it was in earlier years.The reasons for the different conclusions arise from the inclusion by Clayton et al of deaths due to hypertensive disease in their analyses of ischaemic heart disease trends.It is not, however, clear why they did this.With the introduction of effective treatment for hypertension there are reasonable grounds for believing that the reduction in mortality from hypertensive disease in recent years is real and not simply due to transfer of cases from hypertensive categories into ischaemic heart disease categories.4If such transfer did occur one would expect it to have affected men and women to the same extent, but this did not happen.If deaths attributable to hypertensive disease are excluded from analyses of ischaemic heart disease trends the conclusions of Clayton et al are consistent with ours and together they indicate the need to explain the recent increase in ischaemic heart disease among women.
IMPACTION OF GALL STONE IN SMALL INTESTINE: LAPAROTOMY: RECOVERY
Authors: H. Ross
Journal: BMJ (1909)

EM DICOmsl 77This, then, is a brief outline of a subject about which very much more might be written, and also in connexion with which very much more work remains to be done.I expect that in the near fature we shall be able to distinguish different forms of catarrhal irritability of the colon, separating those of rheumatic or uric acid origin from those of influenzal origin, and both again from those Aue to intestinal micro-organisms.
Junior doctors' shifts and sleep deprivation: Please make on-call rooms available to doctors at night
Authors: George I Varughese
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Junior doctors' shifts and sleep deprivation New on-call rotas do not workEditor-Clearly the editorial by Murray et al on junior doctors' shifts has struck a chord with many, as on-call rotas are something close to many doctors hearts. 1 2 To most it seems the grass is not greener on the other side.Having worked most rotas, be it a traditional one in four, with full weekends, to partial, hybrid, and full shift patterns, I am in a reasonable position to comment on what I think makes a liveable on-call rota.I was under the impression that the European Working Time Directive was set out to improve the health and safety of workers, make working conditions better, but also make life away from work better because doctors would be less tired.The directive scores a "no" against all of these.I find myself more tired at work and at home, less enthusiastic, and less motivated by what is becoming a regular chore.Instead of being on call once a week, I find myself doing an on-call shift two or three times a week (on average), being late home more often than not because fewer juniors are around, and spending less time with my young children.The "old" rota system of a 24 hour oncall, with at least six on a rota, made on-call shifts less frequent, more tolerable, and even enjoyable.It also left plenty of time for training, and so long as there were six or more on rota, it made the annual leave far more flexible and workable.Anaesthetists rarely complained, certainly compared with other specialties' rotas, and everyone knew that however busy, you were always going to go home to a full day off in the morning.Why not listen to those doing the rota, and affected family members, and respect within reason what the workers want to work.
Free immunoglobulin light‐chain serum levels in the follow‐up of patients with monoclonal gammopathies: Correlation with 24‐hr urinary light‐chain excretion
Authors: Marie‐Alexandra Alyanakian, Aïcha Abbas, Richard Delarue, Bertrand Arnulf, Pierre Aucouturier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

In patients with light-chain myeloma or primary AL-amyloidosis, 24-hr light-chain excretion in the urine is considered an essential marker of the tumor mass. However, 24-hr urine collection and analysis may be cumbersome and prone to inaccuracy. Recently, a sensitive immunonephelometric assay for immunoglobulin free light chains (FLC) in the serum was developed. We sought to determine whether the serum level of monoclonal FLC could be used as an indicator of urinary excretion and disease evolution. Seven patients with light-chain myeloma and AL-amyloidosis were studied, all of which had a monoclonal FLC that could be detected in the urine using standard methods. In four of these patients, follow-up revealed a remarkable correlation between FLC serum levels and daily urinary excretions. The ratio of serum level to urinary light-chain excretion, although stable in a given patient, was extremely variable between patients. In the three remaining cases featuring hardly measurable amounts of light chain in the urine, the serum FLC assay proved sensitive enough for correlation with clinical events. Thus, immunonephelometric measurement of serum FLCs is a reliable method for the follow-up of patients with light-chain secreting monoclonal gammopathies.
Refractory urticarial vasculitis responsive to anti-B-cell therapy
Authors: C. Mukhtyar, S. Misbah, J. Wilkinson, P. Wordsworth
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Refractory urticarial vasculitis responsive to anti‐B‐cell therapy Get access C. Mukhtyar, C. Mukhtyar Department of Rheumatology, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Misbah, S. Misbah Department of Clinical Immunology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Wilkinson, J. Wilkinson Department of Dermatology, Wycombe Hospital, High Wycombe, U.K. E‐mail: cbmukhtyar@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Wordsworth P. Wordsworth Department of Rheumatology, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Botnar Research Centre, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7LD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 160, Issue 2, 1 February 2009, Pages 470–472, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08990.x Published: 01 February 2009
FAB-binding activity in stolls: Increased occurence during non A non and B-virus hepatitis
Authors: F. Lunel-Fabiani, JP Bouvet, B. Chaigne, R. Pires, P. Maillard, MT Ramadori, D. Valla, Y. Lazizi, P. Opolon, J. Pillot
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
The pharmacologic profile of desloratadine: a review
Authors: B. M. Henz
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Desloratadine is a new agent for the treatment of diseases such as seasonal allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria. The pharmacologic profile of desloratadine offers particular benefits in terms of histamine H 1 ‐receptor binding potency and H 1 selectivity. Desloratadine has a half‐life of 21–24 h, permitting once‐daily dosing. No specific cautions are required with respect to administration in renal or hepatic failure, and food or grapefruit juice have no effect on the pharmacologic parameters. No clinically relevant racial or sex variations in the disposition of desloratadine have been noted. In combination with the cytochrome P450 inhibitors, ketoconazole and erythromycin, the AUC and C max of desloratadine were increased to a small extent, but no clinically relevant drug accumulation occurred. With high‐dose treatment (45 mg/day for 10 days), no significant adverse events were observed, despite the sustained elevation of plasma desloratadine levels. Specifically, desloratadine had no effects on the corrected QT interval (QTc) when administered alone, at high dose, or in combination with ketoconazole or erythromycin. Preclinical studies also show that desloratadine does not interfere with HERG channels or cardiac conduction parameters even at high dose. Desloratadine is nonsedating and free of antimuscarinic/anticholinergic effects in preclinical and clinical studies. Novel antiallergic and anti‐inflammatory effects have also been noted with desloratadine, a fact which may be relevant to its clinical efficacy.
Ddx18 is essential for cell-cycle progression in zebrafish hematopoietic cells and is mutated in human AML
Authors: Elspeth M. Payne, Niccolò Bolli, Jennifer Rhodes, Omar I. Abdel-Wahab, Ross Levine, Cyrus V. Hedvat, Richard Stone, Arati Khanna-Gupta, Hong Sun, John P. Kanki, Hanna T. Gazda, Alan H. Beggs, Finbarr E. Cotter, A. Thomas Look
Journal: Blood (2011)
AMA Office Directs SmokeLess States
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1994)

SITE VISITS this spring leading to grants awarded in the summer will implement the latest attempt by the American Medical Association (AMA) to foster tobacco education and antismoking awareness activities across the nation. The national program office, situated in the AMA, will administer and direct a new program called SmokeLess States: Statewide Tobacco Prevention and Control Initiatives, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.  Thomas P. Houston, MD, director of the AMA's Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, is program director; Kathleen C. Harty, MEd, is deputy director. The $10-million, 4-year program will make grants to statewide coalitions working in partnership with community groups.  Children and youth are the particular targets of this antitobacco intervention, which will also take aim at such other populations with high levels of tobacco use as minorities, women, low-income groups, and blue-collar workers. The grantees are expected to develop and put into practice comprehensive
Rates of and Factors Associated With Recurrence of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Melissa M. Adams
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Information about risk of recurrent preterm delivery is useful to clinicians, researchers, and policy makers for counseling, generating etiologic leads, and measuring the related public health burden.To identify the rate of recurrence of preterm delivery in second pregnancies, factors associated with recurrence, and the percentage of preterm deliveries in women with a history of preterm delivery.Population-based cohort study of data from birth and fetal death certificates from the state of Georgia between 1980 and 1995.A total of 122 722 white and 56174 black women with first and second singleton deliveries at 20 to 44 weeks' gestation.Length of gestation (categorized as 20-31, 32-36, or > or =37 weeks) at second delivery compared with length of gestation at first delivery, by age and race.Most women whose first delivery was preterm subsequently had term deliveries. Of 1023 white women whose first delivery occurred at 20 to 31 weeks, 8.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.6%-10.1%) delivered their second birth at 20 to 31 weeks and 20.1% (95% CI, 17.7%-22.8%) at 32 to 36 weeks. Of 1084 comparable black women, 13.4% (95 % CI, 11.4%-15.6%) delivered at 20 to 31 weeks and 23.4% (95% CI, 20.9%-26.1%) delivered at 32 to 36 weeks. Among women whose first delivery occurred at 32 to 36 weeks, all corresponding rates were lower than those whose first birth was at 20 to 31 weeks; the rates of second birth at 20 to 31 weeks were substantially lower (for white women, 1.9% [95% CI, 1.7%-2.2%]; for black women, 3.8% [95% CI, 3.4%-4.2%]). Compared with women aged 20 to 49 years at their second delivery, women younger than 18 years had twice the risk of recurrence of delivery at 20 to 31 weeks. Of all second deliveries at 20 to 31 weeks, 29.4% for white women and 37.8% for black women were preceded by a preterm delivery.Our data suggest that recurrence of preterm delivery contributes a notable portion of all preterm deliveries, especially at the shortest gestations.
Safety of Sabin Oral Poliovaccine Strains
Authors: Paul F. Wehrle, John M. Leedom, Bernard Portnoy, Nathaniel F. Pierce, Herbert H. Cowper
Journal: JAMA (1963)

In a mass immunization program, over 7.5 million doses of Sabin oral poliovaccine (OPV, types 1, 2, and 3) were administered in Los Angeles County in 1962 and 1963, during a period of declining and low enterovirus prevalence. Clinical and laboratory surveillance failed to demonstrate vaccine-associated illness. It seems highly unlikely that the 5 to 21 cases of paralytic poliomyelitis expected on the basis of "maximal expected risk" could have been overlooked. A reasonable explanation for the apparent disparity between Los Angeles County and certain other areas in safety of OPV is that other agents were present elsewhere which produced disease independently or in concert with OPV.
Heparin‐Engineered Mesoporous Iron Metal‐Organic Framework Nanoparticles: Toward Stealth Drug Nanocarriers
Authors: Elena Bellido, Tania Hidalgo, Maria Victoria Lozano, Mazheva Guillevic, Rosana Simón‐Vázquez, Manuel J. Santander‐Ortega, África González‐Fernández, Christian Serre, Maria J. Alonso, Patricia Horcajada
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The specific modification of the outer surface of the promising porous metal‐organic framework nanocarriers (nanoMOFs) preserving their characteristic porosity is still a major challenge. Here a simple, fast, and biofriendly method for the external functionalization of the benchmarked mesoporous iron(III) trimesate nanoparticles MIL‐100(Fe) with heparin, a biopolymer associated with longer‐blood circulation times is reported. First, the coated nanoparticles showed intact crystalline structure and porosity with improved colloidal stability under simulated physiological conditions, preserving in addition its encapsulation and controlled release capacities. The effect of the heparin coating on the nanoMOF interactions with the biological environment is evaluated through cell uptake, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, cytokine production, complement activation, and protein adsorption analysis. These results confirmed that the heparin coating endowed the nanoMOFs with improved biological properties, such as reduced cell recognition, lack of complement activation, and reactive oxygen species production. Overall, the ability to coat the surface of the nanoMOFs using a simple and straight‐forward approach could be taken as a way to enhance the versatility and, thus, the potential of porous MOF nanoparticles in biomedicine.
Unusual Allergic Reaction to Iron-Dextran Complex
Authors: Lawrence R. Loftus
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Since its introduction into this country two years ago, iron-dextran complex (Imferon) has been used quite widely. Few severe allergic manifestations have been reported. The following case report concerns an apparent allergic reaction to iron-dextran complex which has not previously been reported in the medical literature. It is substantiated by a microscopic pathology report.  Report of a Case  A 45-year-old woman was hospitalized on July 3, 1959, for a hysterectomy because of a uterine fibroid tumor which had been growing rapidly over the previous year. She had normal menstrual periods, and Papanicolaou smears gave normal findings. Her own history, family history, and review of systems were noncontributory. No previous allergies had been noted. Physical examination gave entirely normal findings, except for a 1-cm. nodule in the left breast and a large irregular uterus. The spleen could not be felt, and no lymph nodes were palpable.  On July 4, 1959, the
Renal Hyperfiltration Is Associated With Glucose-Dependent Changes in Fractional Excretion of Sodium in Patients With Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Gary K. Yang, Ronnie L.H. Har, Yuliya Lytvyn, Paul Yip, David Z.I. Cherney
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

Renal hyperfiltration is a common abnormality associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In animal models, increased proximal tubular sodium reabsorption results in decreased distal sodium delivery, tubuloglomerular feedback activation, afferent vasodilatation, and hyperfiltration. The role of tubular factors is less well understood in humans. The aim of the current study was therefore to compare the fractional sodium excretion (FENa) in hyperfiltering (T1D-H) versus normofiltering (T1D-N) patients and healthy control (HC) subjects, as well as the role of ambient hyperglycemia on FENa.Blood pressure, renal function (inulin for glomerular filtration rate [GFR], and paraaminohippurate for effective renal plasma flow), FENa, and circulating neurohormones were measured in T1D-H (n = 28, GFR ≥135 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), T1D-N (n = 30), and HC (n = 35) subjects during clamped euglycemia. Studies were repeated in a subset of patients during clamped hyperglycemia.During clamped euglycemia, T1D-H exhibited lower FENa than T1D-N and HC subjects (0.64 ± 0.06% vs. 0.91 ± 0.12% and 0.90 ± 0.10%, P < 0.05). During clamped hyperglycemia, FENa increased (Δ + 0.88 ± 0.22% vs. Δ + 0.02 ± 0.21%; between-group effect, P = 0.01) significantly in T1D-H, whereas FENa did not change in T1D-N. When treated as continuous variables, elevated GFR values were associated with hyperglycemia-induced increases in FENa (R(2) = 0.20, P = 0.007).Patients with uncomplicated T1D-H exhibit lower FENa under euglycemic conditions, which may help to identify patients with hyperfiltration outside of a controlled laboratory setting. Increased FENa in T1D-H but not T1D-N under clamped hyperglycemic conditions suggests that the mechanisms responsible for increased sodium reabsorption leading to hyperfiltration can be saturated.
TREATMENT AND PROPHYLAXIS OF MALARIA
Authors: C. A. Johnston
Journal: BMJ (1918)

MALARIA. [MAY 25, I918 for soimie days.The absence of citron forms, etc., must niot be regarded as evidence that Vibrion 8eptique is not present in the wound.Vibrion selptique appearing in a wound showing an active condition of gas gangrene should be considered as a serious finding, whether accompanied by B. welchii or alone.SUMIMARY.
BIOMETRY OF CALCIUM, INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS, CHOLESTEROL, AND LIPOID PHOSPHORUS IN THE BLOOD OF RABBITS
Authors: Alvin R. Harnes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

Experiments are reported in which it was shown that the calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol, and lecithin in the blood of normal rabbits were influenced by 4 types of light environment. The results of the experiments seem to warrant the following conclusions: 1. Animals exposed to the ultra-violet light for a brief period each day give results which are diametrical to those obtained for animals living in total darkness. 2. The results obtained for animals exposed to the Cooper Hewitt light and for those living in the open laboratory are somewhat similar but occupy a position between those of the dark and ultra-violet groups. 3. Animals do not develop immediately the characteristic effects of a particular environmental condition, but pass through a period of accommodation which varies somewhat with different environmental conditions.
From mushrooms to molecular biology. 100 years of skin tumours with particular reference to cutaneous lymphoma
Authors: N. P. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article From mushrooms to molecular biology. 100 years of skin tumours with particular reference to cutaneous lymphoma Get access N. P. SMITH N. P. SMITH Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, 5 Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 4, 1 October 1988, Pages 487–494, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03252.x Published: 01 October 1988
GAS BACILLUS INFECTION FOLLOWING TONSILLECTOMY
Authors: G. A. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1929)

The case reported here appears to me to be of particular interest since I am unable, after a careful and complete search of the literature, to find a report of a case of gas bacillus infection following tonsillectomy. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> A white American woman, aged 31, divorced, a stenographer, was referred to me, July 13, 1928, the chief complaint being recurrent tonsillitis. The patient's mother had tuberculosis. The patient had had influenza in 1918 and again in 1922. She had had smallpox in 1910 and measles, mumps, whooping cough and chickenpox in childhood. An appendectomy, right salpingectomy and right oophorectomy had been performed six years before. She had complained of flatus and constipation since the operation. Three years prior to the operation she had had cystitis, which lasted five weeks. Menstruation had been established at the age of 15 years, with leukorrhea, dysmenorrhea and metrorrhagia. She had one child
Infections in HIV-infected Travelers: Risks and Prevention
Authors: Mary E. Wilson, C. Fordham von Reyn, Harvey V. Fineberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Objective: To review risks for infection and to outline strategies to protect the health of travelers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Data Sources: Original reports and summaries of the geographic distribution and frequency of infections as well as of special risks these infections impose on HIV-infected persons. The recommendations incorporate guidelines published by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the World Health Organization. Study Selection: Sources containing the most recent, pertinent information. Data Synthesis: Infections of the gastrointestinal tract are common in all travelers to developing countries and are likely to be more frequent, severe, and difficult to treat in HIV-infected persons. Prominent among the respiratory tract infections that pose special risks to HIV-infected travelers are influenza, measles, and fungal infections with geographically focal distributions. The most common vector-borne infection, malaria, appears to present relatively little, if any, incremental risk to the HIV-infected traveler. Persons with HIV infection respond less vigorously to vaccines and have a higher frequency of adverse reactions to antimicrobial agents. Nevertheless, immunizations and chemoprophylaxis can reduce the risk for many travel-related infections. Additionally, there are protective measures that travelers can take to minimize exposure to pathogens. Conclusions: By understanding the risks for disease in different destinations, assessing patients' HIV status, counseling patients about travel plans and personal protective measures, appropriately using vaccines and chemoprophylaxis, as well as instituting early treatment of infection, physicians can help HIV-infected patients to preserve their health during travel.
Neuromuscular Function and Disorders
Authors: Kenneth R. Magee
Journal: JAMA (1978)

In the introduction the author comments that a need exists for a radically different approach to the study of neuromuscular diseases, describing them in terms of the<i>nature</i>of the disordered neuromuscular function. Indeed, this goal has been accomplished. The initial section discusses the basic anatomy, physiology, and chemistry of the muscle fiber, motor neuron, neuromuscular junction, muscle contraction, and motor units. Fatigue, muscle growth, alterations in muscle with aging, use, and disuse are also considered. The second portion discusses disorders of muscle and nerves in terms of abnormalities of muscle fiber membranes and their content, neuromuscular transmission and synaptic defects, Wallerian degeneration, and chemical dysfunction of neurons. Nerve and muscular function is considered in far greater detail than the clinical features. The latter are treated somewhat superficially. For example, the clinical aspects of myasthenia gravis as well as laboratory investigations in diagnosis and treatment occupy only about two pages,