tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Proteolytic Cleavage of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase μ Regulates Glioblastoma Cell Migration
Authors: Adam M. Burgoyne, Polly J. Phillips-Mason, Susan M. Burden-Gulley, Shenandoah Robinson, Andrew E. Sloan, Robert H. Miller, Susann M. Brady-Kalnay
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common malignant primary brain tumor, represents a significant disease burden. GBM tumor cells disperse extensively throughout the brain parenchyma, and the need for tumor-specific drug targets and pharmacologic agents to inhibit cell migration and dispersal is great. The receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase μ (PTPμ) is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule. The full-length form of PTPμ is down-regulated in human glioblastoma. In this article, overexpression of full-length PTPμ is shown to suppress migration and survival of glioblastoma cells. Additionally, proteolytic cleavage is shown to be the mechanism of PTPμ down-regulation in glioblastoma cells. Proteolysis of PTPμ generates a series of proteolytic fragments, including a soluble catalytic intracellular domain fragment that translocates to the nucleus. Only proteolyzed PTPμ fragments are detected in human glioblastomas. Short hairpin RNA–mediated down-regulation of PTPμ fragments decreases glioblastoma cell migration and survival. A peptide inhibitor of PTPμ function blocks fragment-induced glioblastoma cell migration, which may prove to be of therapeutic value in GBM treatment. These data suggest that loss of cell surface PTPμ by proteolysis generates catalytically active PTPμ fragments that contribute to migration and survival of glioblastoma cells. [Cancer Res 2009;69(17):6960–8]
EARLY ACQUISITION WITH GATED HIGH SPEED 99m TC-SESTAMIBI SPECT IN ASSESSMENT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION RESERVE
Authors: Yafim Brodov, Yuka Otaki, Mathews Fish, Mark Lemley, Jim Gerlach, Daniel Berman, Guido Germano, Piotr Slomka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Communicable disease outbreaks involving more than one country: systems approach to evaluating the response
Authors: L. MacLehose, H. Brand, I. Camaroni, N. Fulop, O N. Gill, R. Reintjes, O. Schaefer, M. McKee, J. Weinberg
Journal: BMJ (2001)

two main groups-one familiar "sporadic" disease (that is, Jakob's disease) and another affecting a younger age group, as in Creutzfeldt's case.The differing features between the groups may reflect infection with a differently conformed prion with a particular pattern of spread throughout the central nervous system.Lymphoreticular system origins of, or infection by, this prion may contribute to the different clinical picture.Creutzfeldt took seven years and considerable pains to determine the originality of the disease he described.We should emulate his rigour and acknowledge his primacy. ConclusionWithout doubt, general anxiety about so dreadful a possibility as bovine spongiform encephalopathy causing a similar disease in humans resulted in many workers involved with bovine spongiform encephalopathy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease having to reach precipitate conclusions in which public safety was rightly the prime consideration.I believe that the evidence now available casts serious doubts on the case for a causal link between bovine spongiform encephalopathy and "new" variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.The medical profession should, at least, be publicly debating this as an issue.The purpose of this paper is to start that process.
Recurrent hereditary polyserositis.
Authors: G C Cook
Journal: BMJ (1990)

relation to population these figures do not differ greatly from those in England, where only 23 terminations were performed after 24 weeks in 1989.They also suggest that obstetricians use Glover's "ascending slope" view of the consideration to be accorded to the fetus,3 and that 24 weeks is near the top of the slope.This may well be due to the fact that though termi- nation in the second trimester can be accomplished surgically or by use of hormones to cause the expulsion of a non-viable fetus, in the third trimester the obstetrician would have to take active steps to cause fetal death-for example, intra- cardiac injection.Liberalisation of the law will probably not be used extensively to increase the number of late terminations.Nevertheless, the knowledge that a carefully considered, well documented termination for fetal malformation diagnosed after 24 weeks will fall within the scope of the abortion legislation is welcome.
Radiologic Localization and Management of Cytologically Discovered Bronchial Carcinoma
Authors: Maurice A. Lerner, Hilde Rosbash, Howard A. Frank, Felix G. Fleischner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

AS long as the assumption is valid in most cases that carcinoma is, in its onset, a localized disease, eradication of the local lesion should provide cure. And this, irrespective of disturbing biologic factors beyond understanding and control, justifies the endeavor for early diagnosis. In the field of bronchial carcinoma x-ray diagnosis has been leading for the past few decades, only occasionally overtaken by bronchoscopy. In the past, the mistakes were usually those of interpretation rather than errors of discovery. In fact, it is a common occurrence that, in a roentgenogram of the chest taken as a routine procedure, a . . .
Endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices: An endoscopist's opinion
Authors: Francis J. Tedesco
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

One hundred consecutive patients with bleeding esophageal varices were treated with a new endoscopic ligating device that effects strangulation of varices using small elastic “O” rings. Treatments were continued after initial hospitalization to achieve variceal eradication. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 26 (mean: 15) months. Bleeding was controlled until discharge from hospital or death in 18 of 21 patients who were actively bleeding at index endoscopy. Overall, 26 patients died during the study, 12 during the index hospitalization. Cause of death was organ failure in 21, exsanguination in 3, and cancer in 2. Forty-one of 88 initial survivors experienced 72 episodes of recurrent bleeding (1 to 4 per patient). All but five rebleeds occurred before eradication. Sixty of 88 patients (68%) who survived index hospitalization had their varices eradicated. A median of 5 (1 to 12) treatments was required. Nine patients eventually had other forms of treatment for recurrent bleeding. Only 3 non-bleeding complications resulted from 462 endoscopic treatment sessions. We conclude that endoscopic ligation controls active variceal bleeding and eradicates varices with efficacy similar to that of sclerotherapy and with minimal risk of complications.
991 INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY OF BILE ACID GLUCURONIDATION AND HEPATIC UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE EXPRESSION IN RESPONSE TO RIFAMPICIN: IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EVIDENCES
Authors: J. Trottier, A. Bialek, P. Caron, P. Milkiewicz, O. Barbier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Australian atomic test research to be reviewed
Authors: G. Kenyon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Separate investigations by the British and Australian governments are under way to review research judged to be relevant to the estimated 22 000 British and 15 000 Australian servicemen who were exposed to radiation from British atomic tests in Australia and the Christmas Islands during 1952-62.

Both the British and Australian investigations into the tests–which were carried out at Maralinga in Southern Australia, the Monte Bello Islands in Western Australia, and Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean–will be based on research into the health …
CLL-like B-lymphocytes are systematically present at very low numbers in peripheral blood of healthy adults
Authors: J Almeida, W G Nieto, C Teodosio, C E Pedreira, A López, P Fernández-Navarro, A Nieto, A Rodríguez-Caballero, S Muñoz-Criado, M Jara-Acevedo, A Romero, A Orfao
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Illicit Drug Users Not Idle; Report Says 70% Go to Work
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessing elemental mercury vapor exposure from cultural and religious practices.
Authors: D M Riley, C A Newby, T O Leal-Almeraz, V M Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Use of elemental mercury in certain cultural and religious practices can cause high exposures to mercury vapor. Uses include sprinkling mercury on the floor of a home or car, burning it in a candle, and mixing it with perfume. Some uses can produce indoor air mercury concentrations one or two orders of magnitude above occupational exposure limits. Exposures resulting from other uses, such as infrequent use of a small bead of mercury, could be well below currently recognized risk levels. Metallic mercury is available at almost all of the 15 botanicas visited in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, but botanica personnel often deny having mercury for sale when approached by outsiders to these religious and cultural traditions. Actions by public health authorities have driven the mercury trade underground in some locations. Interviews indicate that mercury users are aware that mercury is hazardous, but are not aware of the inhalation exposure risk. We argue against a crackdown by health authorities because it could drive the practices further underground, because high-risk practices may be rare, and because uninformed government intervention could have unfortunate political and civic side effects for some Caribbean and Latin American immigrant groups. We recommend an outreach and education program involving religious and community leaders, botanica personnel, and other mercury users.
Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Athletes With and Without Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: William R. Komatsu, Turibio L. Barros Neto, Antonio R. Chacra, Sergio A. Dib
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

OBJECTIVE To compare the aerobic exercise capacity and pulmonary function between athletes with and without type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fifty-one adult age-matched individuals were assessed in random order to the maximum volume of O2 consumption (Vo2peak max) (ml/kg/min), anaerobic threshold (ml/kg/min), peak pulmonary ventilation (Ve), heart rate (beats per min), time to exhaustion (min), forced vital capacity (FEV) (%), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (%), total lung capacity (TLC) (%), and lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (%). Individuals were 27 with type 1 diabetes: 15 athletes (ADM) and 12 nonathletes (NADM); and 24 healthy individuals: 12 ADM and 12 NADM. Duration of diabetes was 14.6 ± 6.2 and 15.2 ± 6.7 years in ADM and NADM, respectively. RESULTS Vo2peak max was higher in ADM than in NADM (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The anaerobic threshold was lower in subjects with type 1 diabetes than in control subjects (P &amp;lt; 0.001). FEV1 was lower in ADM than in other groups (NADM, athletes control, and nonathletes control, P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic capacity in subjects with type 1 diabetes with programmed exercise is similar to the capacity of normal athletes despite lower anaerobic threshold and FEV1.
Abstract B53: Selective BET bromodomains epigenetic signaling inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in primary bone tumors
Authors: Francois Lamoureux, Marc Baud'huin, Lidia Rodriguez, Camille Jacques, Martine Berreur, Francoise Rédini, James E. Bradner, Dominique Heymann, Benjamin Ory
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor that develops mainly in young adults. Despite recent improvements of the therapeutic advances, the survival rate at 5 years is below 30% for patients with poor response to treatment or with metastasis. The histones modifications are of critical importance in maintaining of the transcription program of both normal and tumor cells. The bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family is an important class of “histone reading protein” capable to recognize the N-acetylation of lysine residues on histone tails. BET bromain proteins have recently been described as regulators of MYC expression in various tumors. In this study, we present the therapeutic opportunity to pharmacologically target the BET bromodomain family in primary bone tumors. The consequence of this pharmacologic inhibition of bromodomains is a wide gene expression alteration, but it is believed to selectively target malignant cells by disrupting transcription at intense activity, most notably MYC and Runx2 in our model. Considering MYC and Runx2 are of particular importance for the oncogenic potential of primary bone tumors, a therapeutic strategy targeting those networks might be extremely relevant and potent. In osteosarcoma tumor cell lines, BET inhibitor reduced cell growth in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis with an increase of sub-G1 fraction and PARP cleavage. These biological events were accompanied by decreased expression and activity of both MYC and Runx-2, and by an expression modulation of their target genes. Moreover, BET inhibitor affects bone remodeling process by disrupting both osteoclast and osteoblast differenciation. In vivo, BET inhibitor (IP; 50mg/kg) significantly inhibits tumor growth by 70% and prolongs survival in both POS-1 syngenic and HOS xenograft models compared to control. Additionnally, these results were accompanied by a decrease of associated bone lesions. These findings demonstrate that dual pharmacologic inhibition of MYC and Runx-2 is achievable through targeting BET bromodomains to treat osteosarcoma. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Francois Lamoureux, Marc Baud'huin, Lidia Rodriguez, Camille Jacques, Martine Berreur, Francoise Rédini, James E. Bradner, Dominique Heymann, Benjamin Ory. Selective BET bromodomains epigenetic signaling inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in primary bone tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B53.
Paracrine induction of insulin-like growth factor-I gene expression and neointimal proliferation in hypophysectomized rats after balloon denudation
Authors: Mehran J. Khorsandi, James A. Fagin, Michael C. Fishbein, Reza Salavati, James S. Forrester, Richard H. Helfant, Bojan Cercek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Fertility and early pregnancy outcomes after treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: M. Kyrgiou, A. Mitra, M. Arbyn, S. M. Stasinou, P. Martin-Hirsch, P. Bennett, E. Paraskevaidis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the impact of cervical excision for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia on fertility and early pregnancy outcomes. <b>Design</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. <b>Data sources</b> Medline and Embase. <b>Eligibility criteria</b> Studies assessing fertility and early pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia versus untreated women. We classified the included studies according to treatment type and fertility or early pregnancy endpoint. <b>Analysis</b> Pooled relative risks and 95% confidence intervals using a random effect model, and interstudy heterogeneity with I<sup>2</sup> statistics. <b>Results</b> 15 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included. The meta-analysis did not provide any evidence that treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia adversely affected the chances of conception. The overall pregnancy rate was higher for treated women than for untreated women (four studies; 43% <i>v</i> 38%, pooled relative risk 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.64), although the heterogeneity between studies was high (P&lt;0.0001). Pregnancy rates did not differ between women with an intention to conceive (two studies; 88% <i>v</i> 95%, 0.93, 0.80 to 1.08) and the number requiring more than 12 months to conceive (three studies, 15% <i>v</i> 9%, 1.45, 0.89 to 2.37). Although the rates for total miscarriages (10 studies; 4.6% <i>v</i> 2.8%, 1.04, 0.90 to 1.21) and miscarriage in the first trimester (four studies; 9.8% <i>v</i> 8.4%, 1.16, 0.80 to 1.69) was similar for treated and untreated women, cervical treatment was associated with a significantly increased risk of miscarriage in the second trimester. The rate was higher for treated women than for untreated women (eight studies; 1.6% <i>v</i> 0.4%, 16 558 women; 2.60, 1.45 to 4.67). The number of ectopic pregnancies (1.6% <i>v</i> 0.8%; 1.89, 1.50 to 2.39) and terminations (12.2% <i>v</i> 7.4%; 1.71, 1.31 to 2.22) was also higher for treated women. <b>Conclusion</b> There is no evidence suggesting that treatment for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia adversely affects fertility, although treatment was associated with a significantly increased risk of miscarriages in the second trimester. Research should explore mechanisms that may explain this increase in risk and stratify the impact that treatment may have on fertility and early pregnancy outcomes by the size of excision and treatment method used.
Abstract 5170: Identification of factors secreted by melanoma exhibiting propensity for lung metastases
Authors: Ruea-Yea Huang, Kunle Odunsi, Michael KK Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Disseminated malignant melanoma is a result of widespread lymphatic and systemic metastases. We hypothesized that melanoma cells secret a cohort of factors that orchestrate tumor microenvironment to enable them to expand and metastasize. A proteomic approach was used to identify factors secreted by a lung metastatic and its parental primary melanoma cell lines as well as four primary cultured melanoma cell strains established from surgical material of melanoma patients. The lead factors identified were matricellular proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, tissue metalloproteinases, proteinase inhibitors, and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Several of these factors exhibit differential levels between the primary and the lung metastatic cell lines. To establish a melanoma lung metastasis signature, lung metastatic melanoma tumor cell lines derived from xenograph melanoma were selected. Protein secretion in culture medium by melanoma cells that exhibit a propensity to metastasize to the lung was analyzed using Western blot analysis. Our data show that decreased extracellular level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1, MMP2) and increased level of proteinase inhibitors (TIMP1, Glia-derived nexin) are associated with the development of melanoma lung metastases. These results suggest that these proteins can be useful markers in clinical testing for melanoma progression and as potential targets for intervening metastatic melanoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5170. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5170
THE INFLUENCE OF URINARY IONIC STRENGTH ON PHOSPHATE PK2′ AND THE DETERMINATION OF TITRATABLE ACID*
Authors: William B. Schwartz, Norman Bank, Robert W. P. Cutler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1959)

It is well recognized that the pK' value for the salt of a weak acid or base is significantly influenced by the ionic strength of the solution. In the case of phosphate, the theoretical value for pK2 in an infinitely dilute solution is 7.181 at 370 C. (1) and in a solution of ionic strength comparable to that of plasma is approximately 6.8. The small variations in ionic strength ordinarily encountered in plasma would not be expected to produce significant deviations from this latter value. However, in view of the wider range of ionic strengths which occurs in urine, values differing appreciably from 6.8 might be anticipated. In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the relationship between pK2' phosphate and ionic strength in urine, and to define the usual range of values which might be encountered in the course of acute phosphate loading experiments. A method has been devised for the determination of phosphate pK2' in urine and the experimental values have been compared with those for phosphate solutions of similar ionic strength. The data suggest that under the conditions of the present experiments the behavior of phosphate in urine conforms closely to that predicted for simple phosphate solutions by the Debye-Hfickel equation. It has further been demonstrated that the pK2' of phosphate in urine may vary significantly and that under some circumstances failure to consider this variation may introduce appreciable errors into either the measurement or calculation of urinary titratable acid.
Cysteine-Rich Domain Isoforms of the Neuregulin-1 Gene Are Required for Maintenance of Peripheral Synapses
Authors: Deon Wolpowitz, Thornton B.A Mason, Paula Dietrich, Monica Mendelsohn, David A Talmage, Lorna W Role
Journal: Neuron (2000)

Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) signaling has been implicated in inductive interactions between pre- and postsynaptic partners during synaptogenesis. We used gene targeting to selectively disrupt cysteine-rich domain-(CRD-) containing NRG-1 isoforms. In CRD-NRG-1-/-mice, peripheral projections defasciculated and displayed aberrant branching patterns within their targets. Motor nerve terminals were transiently associated with broad bands of postsynaptic ACh receptor (AChR) clusters. Initially, Schwann cell precursors accompanied peripheral projections, but later, Schwann cells were absent from axons in the periphery. Following initial stages of synapse formation, sensory and motor nerves withdrew and degenerated. Our data demonstrate the essential role of CRD-NRG-1-mediated signaling for coordinating nerve, target, and Schwann cell interactions in the normal maintenance of peripheral synapses, and ultimately in the survival of CRD-NRG-1-expressing neurons.