tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Digital angiographic assessment of the physiological changes to the regional microcirculation induced by successful coronary angioplasty.
Authors: H Schühlen, N L Eigler, A M Zeiher, M M Rombach, J S Whiting
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Impulse response analysis of digital coronary angiographic images calculates a parameter known as the mean transit time of the microcirculation (Tmicro). This has been shown to accurately assess the regional microcirculatory response to proximal stenosis in relation to flow. Our goal was to apply impulse response analysis to patients undergoing successful angioplasty and to quantify the induced physiological changes with respect to quantitative angiographic measurements of stenosis dimensions.We studied 24 patients before and after successful single-vessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Minimal luminal stenosis area was increased from 0.9 +/- 0.6 before PTCA to 4.1 +/- 1.3 mm2 after PTCA (P < .0001). In all patients this was accompanied by an increase in the inverse of Tmicro (Tmicro-1), from 8.5 +/- 3.0 to 26.5 +/- 9.0 min-1 (P < .0001) with a linear correlation between Tmicro-1 and minimal luminal stenosis area (r = .73; SEE = 7.74). Stenosis flow reserve, estimated by integration of stenosis dimensions, increased in all patients from 1.8 +/- 1.0 to 4.5 +/- 0.4 after PTCA (P < .01). A comparison of Tmicro-1 with stenosis flow reserve revealed a nonlinear relation. In 16 patients undergoing PTCA of the left anterior descending or circumflex artery, contrast injections into the left main stem allowed simultaneous measurements of Tmicro-1 in the adjacent, nonstenotic artery. Adjacent artery Tmicro-1 did not change after PTCA (25.8 +/- 6.2 compared with 25.6 +/- 6.8 min-1 before PTCA; P = NS); moreover, Tmicro-1 of the dilated artery measured after PTCA was equivalent to the nonstenotic adjacent artery, indicating normalization of microcirculatory responses.These data suggest that Tmicro-1 determined by digital angiographic impulse response analysis of a single contrast injection under resting flow conditions may be a practical method to assess the regional microcirculatory response to changes in stenosis severity effected by coronary angioplasty.
Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Fusarium vasinfectum.
Authors: K S Backman, M Roberts, R Patterson
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We present a case of allergic bronchopulmonary fusariosis (ABPF). This is the first case of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) caused by Fusarium vasinfectum reported in the medical literature. The patient presented with a history and radiographic picture highly suggestive of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), yet with negative ABPA serology results. The demonstration of a positive skin test and precipitins against F. vasinfectum, elevated serum IgG and IgE antibodies against F. vasinfectum, and a decline in total serum IgE with treatment clearly establish the diagnosis of ABPF. The diagnosis of ABPM caused by organisms other than Aspergillus represents an important consideration in patients who appear clinically to have ABPA but whose serology results do not confirm this diagnosis. As in ABPA, early diagnosis and appropriate therapy may be necessary in order to prevent progressive lung disease.
The Indirect Effects of Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Outcome of Organ Transplantation
Authors: Robert H. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The evolution of organ transplantation from an interesting experiment in human immunobiology to a highly successful, practical approach for rehabilitating patients with end-stage kidney, heart, liver, and lung disease is one of the great successes of modern medicine. However, the very success of organ transplantation has created in an ever-increasing number of individuals a series of phenomena that have no precedent in medicine or biology: (1) the long-term presence of vascularized organs that differ from the host at a variety of major and minor histocompatibility loci, (2) the lifelong intake of broadly active immunosuppressive agents to permit the continued function of the allograft, and (3) the reactivation, tissue invasion, and continued proliferation of certain infectious agents, particularly the herpes group of viruses, within the individual. The net result of these phenomena are a series of clinical syndromes and effects that are unique to the transplant recipient. Among the most important
Increased Numbers of Dendritic Cells in the Bronchiolar Tissues of Diffuse Panbronchiolitis
Authors: AKIHITO TODATE, KINGO CHIDA, TAKAFUMI SUDA, SHIRO IMOKAWA, JUN SATO, KYOTARO IDE, TOMOYOSHI TSUCHIYA, NAOKI INUI, YUTARO NAKAMURA, KAZUHIRO ASADA, HIROSHI HAYAKAWA, HIROTOSHI NAKAMURA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs); they are considered to be the most important APC in the lung. Recently, the number of DCs in the large airways was demonstrated to increase in patients with atopic asthma, leading to the concept that DCs play an important role in airway inflammation. However, little is known about the distribution of lung DCs in the small airways under other pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to examine the distribution of DCs in the bronchiolar tissues in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), which is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways histologically characterized by peribronchiolitis. We investigated the distribution of DCs in the bronchiolar tissues of the lungs in 11 patients with DPB and 7 control subjects with normal lungs using immunohistochemical methods. Marked increases in the number of CD1a+, CD1c+, and CD83+ DCs were found in both the bronchiolar epithelium and submucosal tissues of patients with DPB, compared with control subjects with normal lungs. The most striking increase occurred in the number of DCs expressing CD83, a marker of mature DCs, in the submucosal tissues of patients with DPB. The increases of these positive cells in patients with DPB were more marked in the submucosal tissues than in the epithelium. The bronchiolar epithelial cells in patients with DPB strongly expressed GM-CSF protein, which is an important cytokine for the differentiation and function of DCs, suggesting that the increased local production of GM-CSF may be responsible for the accumulation and differentiation of DCs in the bronchiolar tissues of patients with DPB. These results suggest that increased DCs in the bronchiolar tissues, together with their phenotypical maturation, may play an important role in the mucosal immune response in patients with DPB through their potent antigen-presenting function.
Endoscopic transesophageal vs. thoracoscopic removal of mediastinal lymph nodes: a prospective randomized trial in a long term animal survival model
Authors: A. Fritscher-Ravens, T. Cuming, F. Olagbaiye, C. Holland, P. Milla, F. Seehusen, K. Hadeler, A. Arlt, K. Mannur
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> In cases where biopsies remain inconclusive, removal of mediastinal lymph nodes for further analysis requires surgical means. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) procedures allow incision/closure of the gut wall, which might enable endoscopic excision of pre-marked nodes. The aims of the current study were to investigate the feasibility, safety, and reproducibility of lymph node generation in an animal model to enable endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) lymph node removal (ELR) using transesophageal NOTES access/closure and to compare this procedure with thoracoscopic lymph node removal (TLR) in a randomized long term survival animal study. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Lymph node creation using graphite injection was performed in 12 pigs. After randomization into ELR and TLR groups, lymph nodes were marked with newly developed anchors under EUS guidance and removed using either ELR or TLR. ELR included incision of the esophageal wall and closure after lymph node removal. The main outcome measures were success in lymph node generation, technical success of lymph node removal, complications, and comparability of ELR and TLR. <b>Results:</b> Generation of lymph nodes proved successful in all animals in 46 /48 sites injected (96 %). Anchors were placed through the selected nodes in a mean of 9.4 minutes. TLR and ELR were successful in all cases. One bleeding occurred during esophageal incision in ELR, which was stopped endoscopically. After lymph node removal, endoscopic suturing of the incision took a mean of 18 minutes. Procedure time was longer for ELR than TLR (mean 48 vs. 42 minutes). All animals survived the procedures. Autopsy after 4 weeks showed two thoracic wall abscesses in the TLR group and none in the ELR group. Microscopic analysis revealed well healed esophageal scars. <b>Conclusion:</b> ELR proved to be feasible in this limited sample size and complications were not observed more frequently in this group than in the TLR group.
A Phase I Trial of Dasatinib, an Src-Family Kinase Inhibitor, in Combination with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in Patients with Advanced or Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Angeles Alvarez Secord, Deanna K. Teoh, William T. Barry, Miao Yu, Gloria Broadwater, Laura J. Havrilesky, Paula S. Lee, Andrew Berchuck, Johnathan Lancaster, Robert M. Wenham
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: We conducted a phase I study of dasatinib, an oral SRC-family tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin in the treatment of advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Experimental Design: The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives included defining toxicity, response rate (RR), pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Using a “3+3” design, cohorts of three to six patients received paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 6) every 3 weeks with escalating doses of dasatinib (100, 120, and 150 mg daily), followed by an eight-patient expansion cohort. Results: Twenty patients were enrolled between June 2007 and December 2009. The median age was 61 years (range: 42–82) with a median of 2 prior regimens (range: 0–6), and 71% had platinum-sensitive disease. There were three to six patients in each cohort, and eight in the expansion cohort. Pharmacokinetics were observed over the first two cycles of therapy. One DLT was observed in the 100 mg dasatinib cohort (grade 3 myalgia). Other toxicities in all cycles included neutropenia (95% grade 3–4; 91% in the 150 mg dosing cohort), thrombocytopenia (35% grade 3–4), and fatigue (10% grade 3). The RR was 40% [three complete responses, (15%); five partial responses, (25%)],10 patients (50%) had stable disease, and two were not evaluable. The PFS6-month actuarial estimate was 86%. The median PFS and OS were 7.8 and 16.2 months, respectively. Conclusions: Due to the high incidence of myelosuppression with subsequent cycles, the recommended phase II dose of dasatinib is 150 mg daily in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin. The combination was safe with evidence of clinical activity. Clin Cancer Res; 18(19); 5489–98. ©2012 AACR.
Monoclonal antibodies against major allergen: Allergenic activity of affinity-purified allergen and depleted extract and development of a radioimmunoassay for the quantitation of the allergen
Authors: M LOMBARDERO, S QUIRCE, O DUFFORT, D BARBER, J CARPIZO, M CHAMORRO, A LEZAUN, J CARREIRA
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1992)
Abstract 3841: RBEL1A, a novel GTPase is an important regulator of cell growth and cell survival
Authors: Ki Lui, JoAnne Montalbano, Jingxue Shi, Chad Corcoran, Qin He, Sun Hong, Jie An, Saeed Sheikh, Ying Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We have recently reported the characterization of RBEL1 proteins, a novel subfamily of the Ras/Rab-like GTPases. Our studies demonstrate that RBEL1 proteins have Ras-like GTPase activity and differentially regulate the ERK signaling pathway. Our studies also demonstrate that RBEL1A is overexpressed in the majority of breast cancers and a large segment of colon cancers. Knockdown of RBEL1A negatively affects cell growth and induces apoptosis, suggesting that RBEL1A is critical for regulation of cell growth and survival. To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which RBEL1A mediates its function, we have studied a number of RBEL1A-interacting proteins. Our results indicate that RBEL1A interacts with p53 and negatively regulates p53 function via a proteasome-dependent pathway. We have also examined the molecular interactions between RBEL1A and p53 and our results demonstrate that RBEL1A is an important negative regulator of p53 that affects p53-mediated functions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3841. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3841
1081-50 Predictors of target vessel revascularization after stenting coronary bifurcation lesions: Insights from a large prospective single-center database
Authors: Gunasekaran Sengottuvel, Thierry Lefèvre, André Kokis, Yves Louvard, Samer Mansour, Pierre Dumas, Mehran Monchi, Christophe Loubeyre, Oscar Tavolaro, Marie-Claude Morice
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Improved topical treatment of lamellar ichthyosis: a double-blind study of four different cream formulations
Authors: A. Ganemo, M. Virtanen, A. Vahlquist
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Lamellar ichthyosis (LI) is characterized by generalized scaling of the skin and is often resistant to ordinary emollients. Recently, Locobase® fatty cream containing a mixture of 5% lactic acid and 20% propylene glycol (LPL) was found to be markedly effective in a pilot study. To consolidate this finding, a double-blind study comparing LPL with the corresponding mixture in Essex® (Diprobase®) cream (LPE) and Locobase® fatty cream containing either 5% urea or 20% propylene glycol was conducted in 20 patients with LI. Before and after applying the creams twice daily on each of the four extremities for 4 weeks, the following investigations were performed: scoring of xerosis, scaling and erythema, measurements of skin hydration (capacitance) and transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and moulding of the skin surface (replicas). Xerosis was reduced by all four creams, but significantly more so by LPL (P < 0·001) and LPE (P < 0·01). Scaling was only reduced by LPL (P < 0·001) and LPE (P < 0·01), which also caused a slight increase in the erythema score (P < 0·05 for both). The patients' weekly evaluation of symptoms showed that LPL produced the most rapid effect: the response rate after 4 weeks was 63%. Skin hydration and TEWL were both significantly increased by LPL and LPE, whereas skin roughness was reduced most by LPL. Fourteen patients preferred LPL over the other cream formulations. Ten patients continued using LPL for up to 8 weeks with good results and no side-effects other than occasional irritation in the skin folds. LPL is a major advance in the topical treatment of LI that suits most patients. Some patients, however, seem to prefer the more hydrophilic LPE formulation. Both formulations effectively reduce hyperkeratosis and xerosis, but may cause slight irritation and adversely affect the epidermal barrier function.
Fundamentals of Pediatric Orthopedics
Authors: Robert J. Bielski
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cytarabine preferentially induces mutation at specific sequences in the genome which are identifiable in relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: S E Fordham, M Cole, J A Irving, J M Allan
Journal: Leukemia (2014)

Cytarabine (1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine; Ara-C) is an effective remission induction treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).1,2 However, the majority of patients relapse within 3 years, often with aggressive AML2 characterised by the gain of novel base substitution mutations in genes including IDH2 and TET2.3,4 Chemotherapy used to treat AML is predicted to induce mutations detectable in relapsed disease, although direct evidence for this is lacking. The cytotoxicity of Ara-C is mediated in part by incorporation into replicating DNA leading to inhibition of chain extension. However, even at concentrations that induce significant cell death, arabinofuranosylcytosine triphosphate, the reactive metabolite of Ara-C, is primarily incorporated into DNA at internucleotide positions,5,6 suggesting that this nucleoside analogue is likely mutagenic and could contribute to the aetiology of novel somatic mutations acquired during AML relapse.
Letter: Pyrimethamine toxicity.
Authors: M Briggs, M Briggs
Journal: BMJ (1974)

December, p. 573) reads: "Though there is still some dispute about the mechanism of the association the evidence from human and animal studies suggests that it is the smoking rather than the type of woman who smokes which is responsible (British Medical 7ournal, 1973)."To the uninformed reader the reference to your leading article (17 February, p. 369) might convey the im- pression that you undertook a critical analysis of the smoking/smoker problem.This was not the case.Indeed, the papersl 2 and letters: I by the late Professor J. Yerushalmy that examined this question in depth were not even mentioned.Your article began: "No reasonable doubt now remains that smoking in pregnancy has adverse effects on the developing fetus."The (in my view) eminently reasonable doubts expressed by Yerushalmyl-4 have now
Results of <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> genetic toxicity tests on methyl isocyanate
Authors: Michael D. Shelby, James W. Allen, William J. Caspary, Steven Haworth, James Ivett, Andrew Kligerman, Carol A. Luke, James M. Mason, Brian Myhr, Raymond R. Tice, Ruby Valencia, Errol Zeiger
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Methyl isocyanate (MIC) was tested for genetic toxicity in a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays. Negative results were obtained in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay using five bacterial strains in a preincubation protocol. The Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal test also gave negative results in studies that involved three routes of administration: inhalation, feeding, and injection. Positive results were obtained for three endpoints in cultured mammalian cells. Reproducible, dose-related increases in trifluorothymidine-resistant clones were induced in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells, and the frequencies of both SCE and chromosomal aberrations increased in Chinese hamster ovary cells. These effects were independent of exogenous metabolism. In mice exposed to methyl isocyanate by inhalation, cytogenetic analyses were carried out on bone marrow, blood, and lung cells. A single, 2-hr exposure to concentrations of 0, 3, 10, and 30 ppm MIC produced no evidence of chromosomal effects in the bone marrow, although significant cell cycle delay was observed. In four experiments involving exposures on 4 consecutive days to 0, 1, 3, or 6 ppm, delays in bone marrow cell cycle were again observed. Increases in SCE and chromosomal aberrations were observed in bone marrow cells, and a dose-related increase in SCE occurred in lung cells but not in peripheral blood lymphocytes. A significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood was observed in male mice in one experiment. From these results, it appears that methyl isocyanate has the capacity to affect chromosome structure but not to induce gene mutations. Furthermore, in vitro tests show that the induction of chromosomal effects is not dependent on an exogenous source of metabolism. Based on these results and on what is known about the binding of carbamoylating agents to cellular macromolecules, methyl isocyanate may exert its genetic toxicity by binding to nuclear proteins rather than by binding to DNA.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF THE BACILLUS DYSENTERIÆ IN BOSTON AND VICINITY.
Authors: ROBERT W. HASTINGS
Journal: JAMA (1904)

fracture of the clavicle of such a character as to pre¬ clude the possibility of recovery Avith useful shoulder under other treatment, I Avould operate at once, thor¬ oughly exposing the fractured bone at the seat of the injury, placing the fragments in correct apposition un¬
David James Ieuan Bennett
Authors: Justine Foster, Sue Young
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​GeneralGeneral practitioner Gloucester (b 1966; q Cambridge/St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1991; MRCGP, DCH RCP), died from intracerebral haemorrhage on 21 May 2006.



Figure 1



David completed training for general practice in Gloucestershire and then spent a year working with VSO (Voluntary Service Overseas) in Nigeria at a rural mission hospital helping to expand the hospital and community child welfare clinics for local immunisation programmes. On his return David pursued a career in paediatrics, but then switched to general practice, enjoying the diversity and the longer term relationships with his patients. He maintained an interest in paediatrics, doing weekly sessions in Cheltenham as a community paediatrician with a special interest in immunisation. He had a fine tenor voice, singing oratorio and light opera with the Cotswold Savoyards and other local music groups, where he met his wife, Kate. He leaves her and two children.