tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Donor Leukocyte Telomere Length and Survival After Unrelated Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Severe Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Tao Wang, Michael Haagenson, Stephen R. Spellman, Stephanie J. Lee, Kirsten M. Williams, Jason Y. Wong, Immaculata De Vivo, Sharon A. Savage
Journal: JAMA (2015)

IMPORTANCETelomeres protect chromosome ends and are markers of cellular aging and replicative capacity.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between recipient and donor pretransplant leukocyte telomere length with outcomes after unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for patients with severe aplastic anemia. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND SETTINGThe study included 330 patients (235 acquired, 85 Fanconi anemia, and 10 Diamond-Blackfan anemia) and their unrelated donors who had pre-HCT blood samples and clinical and outcome data available at the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.Patients underwent HCT between 1989 and 2007 in 84 centers and were followed-up to March 2013.EXPOSURES Recipient and donor pre-HCT leukocyte telomere length classified into long (third tertile) and short (first and second tertiles combined) based on donor telomere length distribution. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESOverall survival, neutrophil recovery, and acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease, as ascertained by transplant centers through regular patient follow-up. RESULTSLonger donor leukocyte telomere length was associated with higher survival probability (5-year overall survival, 56%; number at risk, 57; cumulative deaths, 50) than shorter donor leukocyte telomere length (5-year overall survival, 40%; number at risk, 71; cumulative deaths, 128; P = .009).The association remained statistically significant after adjusting for donor age, disease subtype, Karnofsky performance score, graft type, HLA matching, prior aplastic anemia therapy, race/ethnicity, and calendar year of transplant (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44-0.86).Similar results were noted in analyses stratified on severe aplastic anemia subtype, recipient age, HLA matching, calendar year of transplant, and conditioning regimen.There was no association between donor telomere length and neutrophil engraftment at 28 days (cumulative incidence, 86% vs 85%; HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.73-1.22),acute graft-vs-host disease grades III-IV at 100 days (cumulative incidence, 22% vs 28%; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.48-1.23),or chronic graft-vs-host disease at 1-year (cumulative incidence, 28% vs 30%; HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.53-1.24)for long vs short, respectively.Pretransplant leukocyte telomere length in the recipients was not associated with posttransplant survival (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.64-1.30).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Longer donor leukocyte telomere length was associated with increased 5-year survival in patients who received HCT for severe aplastic anemia.Patient leukocyte telomere length was not associated with survival.The results of this observational study suggest that donor leukocyte telomere length may have a role in long-term posttransplant survival.
Club cell 10-kDa protein attenuates airway mucus hypersecretion and inflammation
Authors: Erika Tokita, Tsuyoshi Tanabe, Kazuhito Asano, Harumi Suzaki, Bruce K. Rubin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin (IL)-13 increase mucus secretion and inflammatory cytokine production in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. We evaluated the effect of club cell 10-kDa protein (CC10), an anti-inflammatory protein produced by epithelial cells, on mucus secretion, cell morphology and inflammatory cytokine production. NHBE cells were cultured at an air-liquid interface with CC10 or vehicle and exposed to LPS on day 14. Mucin MUC5AC, IL-8 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were measured in cell supernatants. MUC5AC and IL-8 mRNA expression were measured by real-time PCR. Western blotting was used to evaluate nuclear factor (NF)-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Cells were evaluated histologically. Additionally, NHBE cells were exposed to IL-13 and CC10 for 14 days, and secretion of the mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B was measured. MUC5AC secretion stimulated either by LPS or by IL-13 was attenuated by CC10 at 20 ng·mL(-1) (p<0.05). CC10 at 20 ng·mL(-1) also attenuated IL-8 secretion (p<0.05). MUC5AC and IL-8 mRNA expression were also decreased by CC10 (p<0.05). CC10 attenuated phosphorylation of NF-κB (p<0.05) and ERK1/2 (p<0.05). CC10 attenuates LPS-induced mucus secretion in airway cells, in part due to inhibition of NF-κB and ERK phosphorylation.
Development of a bladder-free cuff for measuring the blood pressure of the fingers and toes.
Authors: M Hirai, T Ohta, S Shionoya
Journal: Circulation (1980)

In the present study, we investigated the technique and reliability of measuring digital blood pressure by means of a rigid, airtight container (a bladder-free cuff) and a photocell placed on the digit. As cuff pressure increased, the position of digits in the cuff was maintained in the hand by fixing one or two fingers inside the cuff and, in the foot, by using a supporting stick to keep the distance from the cuff to the bed constant. An airtight seal inside the cuff was achieved using a thin rubber sleeve and adhesive tape. Blood pressures determined by the bladder-free cuff correlated well with those obtained by the conventional cuff with bladder. By using the bladder-free cuff, blood pressure could be measured at the distal phalanx of the fingers and in all toes.
Evaluation of TCR amplification in tumor lesions and peripheral blood of renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Chiara Massa, Harlan Robins, Cindy Desmarais, Dagmar Riemann, Corinna Fahldieck, Paolo Fornara, Barbara Seliger
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts A major requirement for cancer immunotherapy is the development of biomarkers for prognosis, as well as for monitoring the success of the undergoing therapy. In an attempt to evaluate the immune response of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, tumor lesions and / or blood samples
Abstract 199: Increased killing potential of ex vivo differentiated human natural killer cells in the presence of HOXB4
Authors: Salem Chouaib, Arash Nanbakhsh, Cécile Pochon, Sophie Amsellem, Gianfranco Pittari, Jean-Henri Bourhis
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We have previously shown that human umbilical cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells undergo in vitro differentiation into functional NK cells and that their co-culture in the presence of HOXB4 transduced stromal MS5 cells resulted in an increase in differentiated NK number. The present study was conducted to compare the stromal effect on NK lytic potential in the presence and absence of HOXB4. Our results provide evidence that HOXB4 transduced MS5 cells as compared to transduced, GFP (+) MS5 cells induced highly differentiated cytotoxic NK cells. Importantly, this difference was not due to the expression of activating NK receptors but was associated with an increased induction of granzyme B transcription and degranulation in response to stimulation with NK cell susceptible targets. DNA microarray-based global transcriptional profiling confirmed the up-regulation of Granzyme B. We provide evidence that HOXB4 is a crucial regulator of NK lytic function and that its use in generating functional NK cells with increased lytic potential may be significant for hematologic malignancies. Our findings provide further evidence that HOXB4 is a crucial regulator of NK function and that its use in generating functional NK cells with increased lytic potential may be significant for cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Salem Chouaib, Arash Nanbakhsh, Cécile Pochon, Sophie Amsellem, Gianfranco Pittari, Jean-Henri Bourhis. Increased killing potential of ex vivo differentiated human natural killer cells in the presence of HOXB4. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 199. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-199
A device for phototesting patients before PUVA therapy
Authors: B.L. DIFFEY, D.A.R. BERKER, P.J. SAUNDERS, P.M. FARR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

A device is described and validated for rapid and easy phototesting of patients at the start of a course of PUVA therapy. The phototesting template consists of metal foil with four apertures of 10 mm diameter, mounted in pliable polyurethane. One aperture is open, and the other three each incorporate a grid of hexagonal holes of differing size which attenuate the radiation, resulting in relative intensities at the skin surface of 1, 2, 4 and 8. Thus, a single exposure through the foil of, for example, 8 J/cm2, would allow the minimal phototoxic dose to be determined as either 1, 2, 4, 8, or > 8 J/cm2. The device was validated by comparison with a metal foil with four open apertures, but otherwise identical construction, in which the dose was controlled by varying the exposure time. In 11 subjects, tested with one device on each arm, the minimal phototoxic dose, judged visually, was identical. Reflectance measurements of erythema at each of the test sites showed no systematic difference between the two methods. The device has no moving parts, requires no source of electrical power, will not change its optical transmission with age, and is robust and easy to use. It should, therefore, allow much wider application of the useful technique of minimal phototoxic dose determination before PUVA therapy.
Mean total arsenic concentrations in chicken 1989-2000 and estimated exposures for consumers of chicken.
Authors: Tamar Lasky, Wenyu Sun, Abdel Kadry, Michael K Hoffman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

The purpose of this study was to estimate mean concentrations of total arsenic in chicken liver tissue and then estimate total and inorganic arsenic ingested by humans through chicken consumption. We used national monitoring data from the Food Safety and Inspection Service National Residue Program to estimate mean arsenic concentrations for 1994-2000. Incorporating assumptions about the concentrations of arsenic in liver and muscle tissues as well as the proportions of inorganic and organic arsenic, we then applied the estimates to national chicken consumption data to calculate inorganic, organic, and total arsenic ingested by eating chicken. The mean concentration of total arsenic in young chickens was 0.39 ppm, 3- to 4-fold higher than in other poultry and meat. At mean levels of chicken consumption (60 g/person/day), people may ingest 1.38-5.24 microg/day of inorganic arsenic from chicken alone. At the 99th percentile of chicken consumption (350 g chicken/day), people may ingest 21.13-30.59 microg inorganic arsenic/day and 32.50-47.07 microg total arsenic/day from chicken. These concentrations are higher than previously recognized in chicken, which may necessitate adjustments to estimates of arsenic ingested through diet and may need to be considered when estimating overall exposure to arsenic.
Chronic Bronchitis and Its Relationship to Industry and Air Pollution.
Authors: Geoffry L. Brinkman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Chronic Bronchitis and Its Relationship to Industry and Air Pollution.Geoffry L. Brinkman, M.D.Geoffry L. Brinkman, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-335_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe prevalence of chronic bronchitis in the United States is probably much higher than commonly believed. One recent survey showed a prevalence of 20% in men over 40 years old. As well, it is sometimes not appreciated that in chronic bronchitis there is a considerable morbidity and mortality as demonstrated by a recent English study in which the death rate among persons with chronic bronchitis was 4.2 times greater than expected, 62% of these deaths being directly attributable to bronchitis. While cigarette smoking is a well-recognized etiological factor, the effects of different occupations and air pollution are less well-recognized. Studies... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 335-336KeywordsAir pollutionBronchitisChronic bronchitisDeath ratesMorbidityMortality Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Epoprostenol (Prostacyclin) Therapy in HIV-associated Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: ROBIN V. AGUILAR, HARRISON W. FARBER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Although HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension and primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) are clinically and histologically similar, treatment options for the former are limited. Treatment with calcium channel blockers (CCB), proven to be beneficial in a subset of patients with PPH, has been disappointing in HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension and there are no data examining the effects of long-term epoprostenol in this entity. Six patients with severe HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension were treated with continuous intravenous epoprostenol infusions. Acute infusion of epoprostenol resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) of 16. 4 and 32.7%, respectively, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in mean cardiac output (CO) of 36.9%. At 1 yr, mean PAP and PVR had decreased by 21.7 and 54.9% (p < 0.05), respectively, and mean CO had increased by 51.4% (p < 0.05) when compared with baseline values. Repeat catheterizations of three patients at 2 yr and one patient at 40 mo demonstrated further improvement or maintenance of hemodynamics. In addition, NYHA functional class improved in all patients. We conclude that epoprostenol infusion is effective in improving hemodynamic and functional status in this cohort of six patients with HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension acutely and long-term.
Acid Ingestion
Authors: Gerald W. Chodak
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ACID ingestion is a frequently used method in attempted suicide. Most often, tissue damage rather than immediate death is the result. Although the esophagus is usually spared after acid (but not alkali) ingestion, the stomach is damaged, with gastric outlet obstruction a common late consequence. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 49-year-old garage owner was brought to the emergency room four hours after ingestion of an unknown amount of battery acid (concentrated sulfuric acid). He complained of burning in his mouth and difficulty in swallowing, and he later vomited. On examination, his temperature was 38.2 °C; blood pressure, 110/70 mm Hg; pulse, 110 beats per minute; and respirations, 25/min. Frothy, blood-tinged secretions were present in his mouth and pharynx. The mucosa of the hypopharynx was completely white and the uvula swollen. Coarse rhonchi were present bilaterally. The abdomen was tender in the epigastric region, with involuntary guarding and minimal rebound tenderness.
Michael Edgar Arnold
Authors: Andrew Arnold
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Professor of surgery who developed evidence based surgery and medical ethicsAlan Johnson rose rapidly through the ranks of academic surgery to become reader in surgery at Charing Cross Hospital in 1971, a post he held until moving to the chair in surgery in Sheffield in 1979.He combined excellence in surgical skills, sharp scientific aptitude, a rigorous approach to developing evidence based surgery, and a strong interest in medical ethics.He translated these interests into a body of published work which made an important contribution to the disciplines of gastroduodenal motility, hepatobiliary and upper gastrointestinal surgery, randomised surgical trials, and medical ethics.In total, he edited or authored 10 textbooks, over 35 book chapters, and almost 200 original publications.Two of his books were published after his retirement, including a text on surgical palliative care, and his last book, entitled Making Sense of Medical Ethics and written jointly with his son Paul, was completed a month before his death.He published prospective randomised trials evaluating the role of lithotripsy in the treatment of gallstones and a trial comparing laparoscopic with mini-and evaluated new techniques throughout his surgical career and latterly had been a pioneer in the surgical treatment of obesity.
Targeted Therapy of DNA Tumor Virus-Associated Cancers Using Virus-Activated Transcription Factors
Authors: Mi Jung Lim, Sang-Hyun Min, Jae-Jung Lee, Il Chul Kim, Ji Tae Kim, Dong Chul Lee, Nam-Soon Kim, Sangkyun Jeong, Mi Na Kim, Kwang Dong Kim, Jong-Seok Lim, Sang Bae Han, Hwan Mook Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Young Il Yeom
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

DNA tumor virus-mediated tumorigenic processes typically involve functional inactivation of cellular tumor suppressors pRB and p53 by viral oncoproteins, with concomitant activation of oncogenic transcription factors such as E2Fs. This feature could be exploited to design a treatment for corresponding malignancies. Here, we report a gene therapy strategy for DNA tumor virus-associated cancers using a synthetic, E2F-regulated gene expression system named pESM6. This system contains multimerized E2F-responsive elements in combination with the binding sites for ubiquitous transcription factors Sp1 and CTF/NF1. pESM6 could drive a high-level transgene expression comparable to that of the CMV IE promoter and exert constitutive activity in cells expressing DNA tumor viral oncogenes. In contrast, it was effectively repressed by pRB and thus only minimally active in nontransformed cells. Expression of cytosine deaminase from pESM6 resulted in a highly efficient and specific killing of HPV-transformed fibroblasts (C3) after treatment with the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine. Also, an effective tumor mass reduction was observed when the vector was injected directly into C3 tumors implanted in C57BL/6 mice. pESM6 showed a superior performance throughout these experiments compared to the previously known E2F-regulated gene vector. These results clearly demonstrate the potential usability of pESM6 for the gene therapy of DNA tumor virus-associated cancers.
Tc-99m MDP Appearance and Resolution in a Cerebral Infarct in a Patient with Dementia
Authors: ANITA MOALLEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

The patient is a 65-year-old man who was disoriented while on admission for pleural effusion. Pleural biopsy was positive for tuberculosis, but because fluid cytology suggested possible adenocarcinoma, a whole body bone scan was requested and showed bilateral flame-shaped foci in the distribution of the middle cerebral arteries. A repeat bone scan done 6 weeks later because of a traumatic fracture showed both the new fracture site and resolution of the cerebral foci.
Frequency, amplitude, and propagation velocity of spontaneous Ca++-dependent contractile waves in intact adult rat cardiac muscle and isolated myocytes.
Authors: A A Kort, M C Capogrossi, E G Lakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

Spontaneous contractile waves due to spontaneous calcium cycling by the sarcoplasmic reticulum occur in unstimulated bulk rat papillary muscle and single rat cardiac myocytes with intact sarcolemmal function. We used video analytic techniques to quantify the wave characteristics in both bulk muscle and myocytes; laser-light scattering techniques were also employed in muscle. In muscle bathed in physiological concentrations of calcium, the true periodicity of these waves was a fraction of 1 Hz and increased up to several hertz with increases in cell calcium. This was paralleled by an increase in the frequency of scattered laser light intensity fluctuations. In myocytes, a range of spontaneous contractile wave frequencies similar to that which occurred in the muscle was observed; it could be demonstrated that an increase in superfusate calcium concentrations (2-15 mM at 23 degrees C) increases the oscillation frequency but not amplitude. In both myocytes and muscle, low concentrations of caffeine (0.5 mM) and higher temperature increased the oscillation frequency but diminished their amplitude. However, the scattered light fluctuations did not change with temperature and decreased with caffeine. These results demonstrate that (1) the true frequency of spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum oscillations in the unstimulated rat muscle and single myocytes with intact sarcolemmal function is low, i.e., a fraction of a hertz; (2) with cell calcium loading, the oscillation frequency accelerates to those frequencies measured previously in the "calcium overload" state; (3) while scattered light fluctuations which sample myofilament motion are a sensitive, noninvasive method of detecting the oscillations in bulk muscle, they can be insensitive to the divergent changes in oscillation amplitude and frequency.
Nuclear BK channels regulate gene expression via the control of nuclear calcium signaling
Authors: Boxing Li, Wei Jie, Lianyan Huang, Peng Wei, Shuji Li, Zhengyi Luo, Allyson K Friedman, Andrea L Meredith, Ming-Hu Han, Xin-Hong Zhu, Tian-Ming Gao
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
On Malpositions of the Uterus
Authors: A. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1869)

BRITISH MIEDICAL .OURNAL.[Feb. 6, x869 faintness, and agonising distresi.There was a slihlitly inflamed wound at the knuckle, not penetrating the joint, and only rather more tender than other parts of the hanid, all which was dusky red, and much swollen on the dorsum, to above the wrist.Its palmar aspect was re- markable; it was apparently strangulated, so as to produce death of all its cutis, but without eiTusion.The arm was swollen to above the elbow, with some streaks anid tenderness reachling the axilla.The tongue *was furred; the pulse small, slharp, and rapi(l.Slhe was very faint.I gave her a dose of ammonia anil chloric ether, and applied caustic freely to the wound over the han(d and arm, drawing a ring round the upper arm wvhere the swelling ceased.Poppy fomentation and linseed poultice were ordered.Opium, -vther, and ammonia were administered, with brandy anid nutritious food.Slle was ordered to re- pose the limb on a pillow.May 29th.There wvas rather less suffering.The fingers were livid and insensible.There were vesications on the back of the hand, and ashy decolorisation of the palm.May 30th.The swelling and inflammation had extended up the arm.There was much constitutional distress aind depression.The pulse was feeble, running, sharp; the tongue black with sordes.May 3Ist.There was a slight line of demarcation along the second phalangeal knuckles.The little finger wvas wholly splhacelated.The palm cut like wash-leather.Incisionis were made, and evacuated