tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lymphangiography in Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: Ronald A. Castellino
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The increasing use of external megavoltage radiotherapy for treating prostatic carcinoma with curative intent makes it important to define the extent of the disease, including the extent of lymph node involvement. Of 94 patients with prostatic carcinoma who had lymphangiograms, 18 underwent "staging" laparotomy within weeks of the examination. The lymphangiograms of these 18 patients, all of whom clinically had carcinoma localized in the prostatic bed, were retrospectively reviewed, and the roentgenographic findings were histologically correlated with the excised lymph nodes. Nine of 18 patients (50%) who had no prelymphangiographic or preoperative evidence of metastases had tumor metastatic to lymph nodes. Of these nine patients, seven had tumor extending as high as the para-aortic lymph nodes. The lymphangiograms correctly demonstrated the sites of nodal metastases in eight of these nine cases (89%).
Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Sudden Death in Young People
Authors: Gaetano Thiene, Andrea Nava, Domenico Corrado, Lino Rossi, Natale Pennelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

From 1979 to 1986, we conducted postmortem studies of 60 persons under 35 years of age who had died suddenly in the Veneto Region of northeastern Italy. Unexpectedly, we found that 12 subjects — 7 males and 5 females ranging in age from 13 to 30 years — had morphologic features of right ventricular cardiomyopathy. This disorder had not been diagnosed or suspected before the subjects died. In five cases, sudden death was the first sign of disease; the remaining seven subjects had a history of palpitations, syncopal episodes, or both, and in five of those seven, ventricular arrhythmias had previously been recorded on electrocardiographic examination. Ten of the subjects had died during exertion. At autopsy, the subjects' heart weights were normal or moderately increased. Two main histologic patterns were identified — a lipomatous transformation or a fibrolipomatous transformation of the right ventricular free wall (6 cases each); in all cases, the left ventricle was substantially spared. Signs of myocardial degeneration and necrosis, with or without inflammatory infiltrates, were occasionally observed. These findings indicate that right ventricular cardiomyopathy, the cause of which is still unknown, may be more frequent than previously thought. At least in this area of Italy, it may represent an important cause of sudden death among young people. (N Engl J Med 1988; 318:129–33.)
Abstract 4971: Splicing factor kinase regulates metastatic dissemination of human prostate cancer
Authors: David J. Bond, Konstantin Stoletov, Hon Sing Leong, Emma Woolner, Shuhong Liu, Tarek Bismar, Andries Zijlstra, John D. Lewis
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Metastasis causes the vast majority of cancer-associated deaths. Despite its clinical significance, the molecular mechanisms that regulate this multi-step process are poorly understood. To successfully disseminate a cancer cell must escape the primary tumor, travel to a distant site, arrest, enter the stroma and grow in a new microenvironment. The presence of circulating tumor cells in patients with metastatic disease and experimental animals with metastatic cancers suggests that tumor invasion is a critical, rate-limiting step in the metastatic process. To identify the key molecular determinants that regulate invasive metastatic lesion formation we performed the first whole-genome, in vivo RNAi screen in an avian embryo model using advanced intravital imaging techniques. We identified numerous novel regulators of cancer cell invasion, including JL1, a splicing factor kinase. In secondary assays, we demonstrated that JL1-depletion inhibits migration of several human cancer cell lines with no effect on proliferation or survival. Furthermore, JL1-deficient human cancer cells display diminished metastatic potential in chicken embryo and mouse models of metastasis. Cancer microarray database mining shows that JL1 gene expression is strongly associated with indicators of poor clinical outcome in prostate cancer, including pathological Gleason score and metastasis. To experimentally determine JL1 association with advanced disease we performed histological examinations of prostate cancer tissue and determined that JL1 staining strongly correlates with prostate cancer progression. JL1 kinase regulates alternative splicing of numerous cellular transcripts in response to stress and growth signals. To examine the molecular mechanism behind JL1 regulation of cancer cell metastasis, we performed exon level microarray analysis on JL1-depleted cancer cell lines. Subsequent interactome analysis identified an enrichment of key regulatory proteins in pro-metastatic networks. Therefore, we hypothesize that abrogated JL1 activity directly promotes prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. In summary, JL1 is a novel regulator of cancer cell metastasis that represents a potential pathological marker for prostate cancer progression, and novel drug target to block invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: David J. Bond, Konstantin Stoletov, Hon Sing Leong, Emma Woolner, Shuhong Liu, Tarek Bismar, Andries Zijlstra, John D. Lewis. Splicing factor kinase regulates metastatic dissemination of human prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4971. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4971
Intravenous Arginine-Vasopressin in Children With Vasodilatory Shock After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: E. B. Rosenzweig, T. J. Starc, J. M. Chen, S. Cullinane, D. M. Timchak, W. M. Gersony, D. W. Landry, M. E. Galantowicz
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Recent investigations at our institution have studied a variety of vasodilatory shock states that are characterized by vasopressin deficiency and pressor hypersensitivity to the exogenous hormone. Our experience in adults prompted the use of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) in a similar group of critically ill children.This report describes our early experience (from February 1997 through April 1998) in 11 profoundly ill infants and children (5 male, 6 female) ages 3 days to 15 years (median, 35 days) treated with AVP for hypotension after cardiac surgery which was refractory to standard cardiopressors. Although underlying heart disease was present (congenital heart defects in 10 and dilated cardiomyopathy in 1), only 2 patients had severely depressed cardiac function as demonstrated by 2D echocardiogram before administration of AVP. All patients were intubated and receiving multiple catecholamine pressors and inotropes, including dobutamine (n=10), epinephrine (n=8), milrinone (n=7), and dopamine (n=4) before receiving AVP. Five patients received AVP intraoperatively immediately after cardiopulmonary bypass, 5 in the intensive care unit within 12 hours of surgery, and 1 on postoperative day 2 for hypotension associated with sepsis. The dose of AVP was adjusted for patient size and ranged from 0.0003 to 0.002 U. kg(-1). min(-1). During the first hour of treatment with AVP, systolic blood pressure rose from 65+/-14 to 87+/-17 mm Hg (P<0. 0001; n=11), and epinephrine administration was decreased in 5 of 8 patients and increased in 1. Plasma AVP levels before treatment were available in 3 patients and demonstrated AVP depletion (median, 4.4 pg/mL; n=3). All 9 children with vasodilatory shock survived their intensive care unit stay. The 2 patients who received AVP in the setting of poor cardiac function died, despite transient improvement in blood pressure.Infants and children with low blood pressure and adequate cardiac function after cardiac surgery respond to the pressor action of exogenous AVP. AVP deficiency may contribute to this hypotensive condition.
Prospective study of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in Caucasian patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Dominique Pateron, Nathalie Ganne, Jean Claude Trinchet, Marie Hélène Aurousseau, Frédéric Mal, Christine Meicler, Emmanuelle Coderc, Philippe Reboullet, Michel Beaugrand
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Doxorubicin bound to a HPMA copolymer carrier through hydrazone bond is effective also in a cancer cell line with a limited content of lysosomes
Authors: B. R̆ı́hová, T. Etrych, M. Pechar, M. Jelı́nková, M. Štastný, O. Hovorka, M. Kovář, K. Ulbrich
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2001)
THE EFFECT OF COMBINATION WITH DIAZO COMPOUNDS ON THE IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY OF ANTIBODIES
Authors: Harry Eagle, Dorothea E. Smith, Percy Vickers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

Sufficient coupling with any of five different diazo compounds eventually destroyed the reactivity of all the antisera here studied. The rates of inactivation varied considerably among the several antisera. By stopping the reaction at intervals, it was possible to prepare partially inactivated antibodies of peculiarly modified reactivity. Thus, the flocculating activity of diphtheria antitoxin with toxin was completely destroyed long before there was any demonstrable impairment of its protective titer in vivo. The first change induced in antipneumococcus horse sera was the apparently complete loss of reactivity with the capsular carbohydrate at a time when the agglutinating, animal-protecting and complement-fixing activity of the sera were only slightly affected. On further coupling, the sera no longer caused visible agglutination; but aggregation of the serum-treated bacteria could be induced by centrifugation. Still further coupling destroyed all antibody activity. Rabbit antisera to egg albumen and horse serum no longer precipitated the homologous antigen after treatment with diazo compounds, probably due to their failure to combine with the antigen. The hemolytic, complement-fixing and lipoid-flocculating activity of coupled rabbit antisera to sheep red blood cells fell off in parallel; the hemagglutinin seemed somewhat more resistant. The reagin of syphilitic serum was destroyed almost instantaneously by comparatively small amounts of diazo compounds. Finally, in the case of antityphoid agglutinin, the isoelectric point of the coupled antibody, measured on the surface of specifically sensitized bacteria, was found to shift from an original value of pH 4.7 to one of less than pH 2.7 as progressively more sulfanilic acid radicals added on to the antibody molecule. The groups in protein which participate in its reaction with diazo compounds probably include aliphatic amines, the imidazole ring of histidine, the indole group of tryptophane, the NH of proline and hydroxyproline and the phenyl group of tyrosine. Although it has been possible to modify antibodies chemically so that they combine with the corresponding antigens without causing their aggregation, the experiments here described furnish no indication as to which of these groups in antibody protein are primarily concerned in the antigen-antibody reaction, and which are responsible for the secondary flocculation. Such localization awaits the development of a technic for attacking individual groups in the protein molecule.
Intrinsic hazard of breech presentation.
Authors: M J Johnstone
Journal: BMJ (1981)

range improved from 23% in 1976 to 68% in 1979.It seems likely.that more caesarean sections were performed, especially in this extremely low birthweight group, during the latter years of the study.The fact that both vertex and breech delivery in the 750-1000 g group carry an equally high mortality rate when compared with caesarean section lends further support to the suspicion that many factors other than breech presentation are responsible for the differences in survival rate.This paper does not strengthen the case for a policy of caesarean section for all cases of breech presentation from 26 to 34 weeks.It does, however, lend further support to the case for a randomised controlled trial of caesarean section for preterm breech presenta- tion, which was called for in this journal in 1979.
Seventy Percent Physicians
Authors: Jack R. Harnes
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A license to practice medicine and a certificate attesting to a physician's qualifications as a specialist should provide assurance to patients and peers of competence. It is therefore ridiculous to demand no more than 70% correct answers on an examination that should assure society that an examinee possesses knowledge essential to the proper diagnosis and treatment of patients. Such a criterion suggests that both the content of these examinations and the use of a grade system (which merely ranks examinees relative to each other) may be inappropriate. The examination of the American College of Physicians Medical Knowledge Self-Assessment Program 4 (November 1977) purports to reflect material that may be covered at an examination for recertification by the Board of Internal Medicine. Among the answers to questions answered correctly by a small number of physicians who took that examination were that the ventromedial hypothalamus is believed to control
Dynamic changes in positive interferon-gamma release assay in a dialysis population: An observational cohort study
Authors: Chin-Chung Shu, Vin-Cent Wu, Feng-Jung Yang, Chia-Lin Hsu, Sung-Ching Pan, Jann-Yuan Wang, Jann-Tay Wang, Chong-Jen Yu, Li-Na Lee
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)

Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is popular for detecting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), but its dynamic change is uncertain in high-risk groups such as dialysis patients.Patients undergoing dialysis were prospectively enrolled. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) was used to detect LTBI. After 6 and 12 months, QFT-GIT was repeated to monitor dynamic changes.Only 204 of 391 enrolled patients completed the study. The initial QFT-GIT positive rate of 22.1% decreased to 19.6% after 6 months and to 14.2% after 12 months. The 6-month reversion rate was 45.9% while the conversion rate was 7.7%. Sub-population with new QFT-GIT positivity had 87.5% reversion rate, higher than the 20.8% of patients with persistent QFT-GIT positivity. The QFT-GIT response was independently associated with persistent QFT-GIT positivity. Using 0.93 IU/ml of the initial QFT-GIT response as the threshold can detect 79% persistent positivity in 6-month follow-up. Prior TB had a borderline significance for predicting conversion.In the dialysis population, reversion and conversion occur frequently within six months. The QFT-GIT positive population is heterogeneous and sub-populations have different reversion rates. Higher QFT-GIT positivity threshold can identify patients with persistent QFT-GIT positivity to prioritize follow-up and LTBI therapy.
Darbepoetin alfa 300 or 500 μg once every 3 weeks with or without intravenous Iron in patients with chemotherapy‐induced anemia
Authors: Michael Auerbach, Peter T. Silberstein, R. Timothy Webb, Svetlana Averyanova, Tudor‐Eliade Ciuleanu, James Shao, Kenneth Bridges
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

This study evaluated efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa administered every 3 weeks (Q3W) at fixed doses of 300 or 500 μg with or without intravenous (IV) iron in treating anemia in patients receiving multicycle chemotherapy. This Phase 2, double-blind, 2 × 2 factorial study randomized patients to one of four treatment arms; darbepoetin alfa 300 μg (n = 62), darbepoetin alfa 300 μg plus IV iron (n = 60), darbepoetin alfa 500 μg (n = 60), or darbepoetin alfa 500 μg plus IV iron (n = 60). Patients had nonmyeloid malignancies, hemoglobin levels ≤10 g dL(-1), and no iron deficiency. Primary endpoint was achievement of target hemoglobin (≥11 g dL(-1)). Secondary endpoints included incidence of transfusions and change in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Fatigue (FACT-F) score from baseline to end of study. Safety was evaluated by incidence of adverse events. No evidence of a statistically significant interaction between darbepoetin alfa dose received and IV iron usage was observed, therefore, results are provided separately comparing darbepoetin alfa doses and comparing IV iron usage groups. Similar proportions of patients receiving darbepoetin alfa 300 or 500 μg achieved target hemoglobin (75 and 78%, respectively); Kaplan-Meier median time to target hemoglobin was 10 and 8 weeks, respectively. More patients receiving IV iron (82%) than not receiving IV iron (72%) achieved hemoglobin target. Adverse events profiles were similar for darbepoetin alfa treatment groups. Transient anaphylactoid reactions were reported in two patients receiving IV iron. Darbepoetin alfa at 300 μg Q3W and 500 μg Q3W showed similar benefit, while added IV iron improved treatment response in these patients.
The characterisation of human respiratory epithelial cells cultured on resorbable scaffolds: first steps towards a tissue engineered tracheal replacement
Authors: Brian W. Ziegelaar, Joachim Aigner, Rainer Staudenmaier, Kathrin Lempart, Brigitte Mack, Theda Happ, Michael Sittinger, Michaela Endres, Andreas Naumann, Ernst Kastenbauer, Nicole Rotter
Journal: Biomaterials (2002)
Orthostatic Hypotension in the Elderly
Authors: L A Lipsitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

ORTHOSTATIC hypotension is often observed in elderly people and may result in substantial morbidity and mortality from associated falls and syncope. Studies of elderly people living in the community have found a prevalence of orthostatic hypotension as high as 20 percent among medical outpatients over 65 years of age1 , 2 and 30 percent among those over 75.1 However, recent epidemiologic studies of healthy, normotensive elderly subjects without known risk factors for orthostatic hypotension have found a prevalence of less than 7 percent.3 , 4 Data on blood pressure measured in the supine and sitting positions in over 8000 participants in the National Health . . .
Expression of CD30 in patients with acute graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Yi-Bin Chen, Sean McDonough, Robert Hasserjian, Heidi Chen, Erin Coughlin, Christina Illiano, In Sun Park, Madan Jagasia, Thomas R. Spitzer, Corey S. Cutler, Robert J. Soiffer, Jerome Ritz
Journal: Blood (2012)
Novo Nordisk replies to BMJ investigation on incretins and pancreatic damage
Authors: A. Moses
Journal: BMJ (2013)

As a company with a 90 year history dedicated to diabetes care, research, and education, Novo Nordisk has always put patients first. We would like to respond and set out our position on the recent articles and related commentary on incretins and pancreatic damage.1 Firstly, regarding the safety profile of Victoza (liraglutide):
Common structural polymorphisms in human erythrocyte spectrin.
Authors: W J Knowles, M L Bologna, J A Chasis, S L Marchesi, V T Marchesi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Restricted tryptic digestion of erythrocyte spectrin at 4 degrees C followed by two-dimensional (isoelectric-focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate) polyacrylamide electrophoresis yields highly reproducible maps of approximately 50 peptides with molecular weights between 80,000 and 12,000. Based on molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI), each unique alpha- and beta-subunit domain can be identified and compared with spectrin peptides from other individuals. The alpha-subunit of spectrin from 60 Caucasian donors contains a 46,000-mol-wt tryptic domain, called alpha II-T46, Type 1; more extensive tryptic digestion of this domain generates peptides with molecular weights of 35,000, 30,000, 25,000, and 16,000. Spectrin from 29 of 37 black donors representing 14 kindreds shows variation in the molecular weight and/or pI of peptides from the alpha II domain. In the most common form, Type 2, alpha II tryptic peptides are increased in molecular weight by 4,000, and the pI becomes more basic. Other alpha II variants are characterized by either the 4,000 increase in molecular weight (Type 3) or by the basic shift in pI (Type 4). When limit peptide maps of intermediate-sized tryptic and CNBr peptides from the alpha II-domain Types 1 and 2 are compared, a consistent alteration in the chromatographic mobility of one limit peptide is observed. Polymorphism in the alpha II subunit of spectrin did not itself produce anemia, nor did it appear to alter the expression of an underlying hereditary spherocytosis or elliptocytosis. In six family studies, the alpha II 46,000-mol-wt variations observed were consistent with Mendelian inheritance.
Nasal blockage and urinary leukotriene E4 concentration in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: N. Higashi, M. Taniguchi, H. Mita, T. Ishii, K. Akiyama
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Cysteinyl-leukotrienes have been reported to have a primary role in the induction of nasal blockage of allergic rhinitis. However, there has been little experimental evidence that substantiates the relationship between nasal blockage severity and urinary leukotriene E4 (U-LTE4) concentration in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR).The concentrations of urinary mediators in 20 SAR patients were measured using an enzyme immunoassay to determine the relationship between nasal blockage severity and U-LTE4 concentration in patients with SAR.The basal U-LTE4 concentration was significantly higher in SAR patients with severe nasal blockage than in those with mild nasal blockage and in healthy control subjects. Although U-LTE4 concentrationwas significantly higher in patients with both asthma and SAR than in SAR patients with mild nasal blockage, no significant difference in the U-LTE4 concentration between patients with both asthma and SAR and SAR patients with severe nasal blockage was found. There was a significant correlation between U-LTE4 and urinary 9alpha11beta-prostoglandin F2 (9alpha11betaPGF2) concentrations (rs = 0.51, P = 0.02) in SAR patients.Although specific sites and cells of cysteinyl-leukotriene biosynthesis could not be determined in this study, severe nasal blockage is associated with the increased excretion level of U-LTE4.
Bacteroides in the Infant Gut Consume Milk Oligosaccharides via Mucus-Utilization Pathways
Authors: Angela Marcobal, Mariana Barboza, Erica D. Sonnenburg, Nicholas Pudlo, Eric C. Martens, Prerak Desai, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Bart C. Weimer, David A. Mills, J. Bruce German, Justin L. Sonnenburg
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
Results of intravascular ultrasound guided Palmaz-Schatz coronary stenting in a patient cohort equivalent to the BENESTENT study
Authors: Antonio Colombo, Akira Itoh, Patrick Hall, Luigi Maiello, Carlo Di Mario, Simonetta Blengino, Lucia Di Francesco, Massimo Ferraro, Giovanni Martini, Leo Finci
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)