tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development Through Life: A Handbook for Clinicians
Authors: Esther Somerfeld-Ziskind
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Child psychiatrist Sir Michael Rutter has outdone himself. His view is interdisciplinary—only he and one other colleague have MD degrees. Thirty of the other authors include psychologists, two sociologists, and two geneticists. All chapters focus on the nature and origins of individual differences and on developmental processes involved in both normative progression and individuation. I will abstract some thought-provoking statements: In infancy no amount of teaching will elicit spoken language until a certain point in development. Language is then acquired under normal environmental conditions. A baby whose eyes are covered for three weeks may become blind if the sensitive period for development is missed. At birth, infants are able to distinguish speech from other sounds. Bilingual speech before the age of three years is not harmful; it permits outlook on two cultures. It is easy to relearn a language learned as a toddler and not used for years afterward. Roles
Workgroup Report: Implementing a National Occupational Reproductive Research Agenda—Decade One and Beyond
Authors: Christina C. Lawson, Barbara Grajewski, George P. Daston, Linda M. Frazier, Dennis Lynch, Melissa McDiarmid, Eisuke Murono, Sally D. Perreault, Wendie A. Robbins, Megan A.K. Ryan, Michael Shelby, Elizabeth A. Whelan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The initial goal of occupational reproductive health research is to effectively study the many toxicants, physical agents, and biomechanical and psychosocial stressors that may constitute reproductive hazards in the workplace. Although the main objective of occupational reproductive researchers and clinicians is to prevent recognized adverse reproductive outcomes, research has expanded to include a broader spectrum of chronic health outcomes potentially affected by reproductive toxicants. To aid in achieving these goals, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, along with its university, federal, industry, and labor colleagues, formed the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) in 1996. NORA resulted in 21 research teams, including the Reproductive Health Research Team (RHRT). In this report, we describe progress made in the last decade by the RHRT and by others in this field, including prioritizing reproductive toxicants for further study; facilitating collaboration among epidemiologists, biologists, and toxicologists; promoting quality exposure assessment in field studies and surveillance; and encouraging the design and conduct of priority occupational reproductive studies. We also describe new tools for screening reproductive toxicants and for analyzing mode of action. We recommend considering outcomes such as menopause and latent adverse effects for further study, as well as including exposures such as shift work and nanomaterials. We describe a broad domain of scholarship activities where a cohesive system of organized and aligned work activities integrates 10 years of team efforts and provides guidance for future research.
Distinct left bundle branch block pattern in ischemic and non‐ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Antoni Bayes‐Genis, Laura Lopez, Xavier Viñolas, Roberto Elosua, Vicenç Brossa, Marta Campreciós, Miriam Mateo, Juan Cinca, Antonio Bayes de Luna
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2003)
<i>SCN5A</i> Polymorphism Restores Trafficking of a Brugada Syndrome Mutation on a Separate Gene
Authors: Steven Poelzing, Cinzia Forleo, Melissa Samodell, Lynn Dudash, Sandro Sorrentino, Matteo Anaclerio, Rossella Troccoli, Massimo Iacoviello, Roberta Romito, Pietro Guida, Mohamed Chahine, Mariavittoria Pitzalis, Isabelle Deschênes
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Brugada syndrome is associated with a high risk of sudden cardiac death and is caused by mutations in the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel gene. Previously, the R282H-SCN5A mutation in the sodium channel gene was identified in patients with Brugada syndrome. In a family carrying the R282H-SCN5A mutation, an asymptomatic individual had a common H558R-SCN5A polymorphism and the mutation on separate chromosomes. Therefore, we hypothesized that the polymorphism could rescue the mutation.In heterologous cells, expression of the mutation alone did not produce sodium current. However, coexpressing the mutation with the polymorphism produced significantly greater current than coexpressing the mutant with the wild-type gene, demonstrating that the polymorphism rescues the mutation. Using immunocytochemistry, we demonstrated that the R282H-SCN5A construct can traffic to the cell membrane only in the presence of the H558R-SCN5A polymorphism. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer and protein fragments centered on H558R-SCN5A, we demonstrated that cardiac sodium channels preferentially interact when the polymorphism is expressed on one protein but not the other.This study suggests a mechanism whereby the Brugada syndrome has incomplete penetrance. More importantly, this study suggests that genetic polymorphisms may be a potential target for future therapies aimed at rescuing specific dysfunctional protein channels.
Cardiovascular and metabolic responses of trained and untrained middle-aged men to a graded treadmill walking test.
Authors: D. H. Williams, C. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1983)

A treadmill walking test was developed in order to provide a suitable method of assessing the fitness levels of sedentary middle-aged men (mean age, 44.3 yrs) at submaximal intensity. The incremental stages of the test enabled subjects to terminate the workload whenever undue discomfort was experienced. The test procedure was used in a preliminary experiment to compare the cardiovascular and metabolic responses of trained and untrained middle-aged men to exercise. Heart rate responses to the test were significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in the untrained, compared with the trained, men as were the post-exercise blood lactic acid concentrations (p less than 0.01), Respiratory Exchange Ratios (p less than 0.01), Ventilatory Equivalents (p less than 0.05) and Rate of Perceived Exertion (p less than 0.01). However, there were no differences in the oxygen cost of walking between the two groups.
THE OPHTHALMOLOGIC NEEDS OF THE INTERNIST
Authors: HARLOW BROOKS
Journal: JAMA (1927)

I think there can be no question that the field of ophthalmology is the best tilled and best understood branch of medicine. More than in any other specialty, ophthalmologists have probably most nearly exhausted the field. Ophthalmologists, more fully than any others, have met their problems and solved them so far as their solution is humanly possible with the light that science and art now afford. Most of us look on ophthalmologists with envy. There is no sheaf of death certificates lying in a drawer of their office desks. In considerable part they can see what they are doing; and while their work demands a degree of finesse and a high grade of technical skill approximating that of the artistic violinist, they perhaps more than most of the profession are able to prognose and to accomplish according to a standard which few internists can undertake to equal. I sometimes wonder
Definitive Diagnosis of Mongolism in Newborn Infants by Chromosome Studies
Authors: Chi Hao Lee
Journal: JAMA (1961)

PROBABLY the most widely held belief regarding mongoloids is that "they all look alike; if you have seen one, you have seen them all." It is certainly true that a majority of cases of mongolism do present a characteristic picture allowing diagnosis to be made from observation alone. But the fact is that mongoloids do not<i>all</i>look or behave alike. The characteristic features are not always present and are not always clear-cut. The greatest difficulty arises in the neonatal period, when diagnostic signs are few and vague and when behavioral patterns and performance levels cannot be appraised properly. It is during this period that clinical judgment may fail, regardless of past experience. Various authors<sup>1-3</sup>have observed that many cases of mongolism have been either missed or misdiagnosed in the newly born infant. Within this age group, diagnosis based on physical examination is not always reliable; and yet this
Toward Identifying the Next Generation of Superfund and Hazardous Waste Site Contaminants
Authors: Wendell P. Ela, David L. Sedlak, Morton A. Barlaz, Heather F. Henry, Derek C.G. Muir, Deborah L. Swackhamer, Eric J. Weber, Robert G. Arnold, P. Lee Ferguson, Jennifer A. Field, Edward T. Furlong, John P. Giesy, Rolf U. Halden, Tala Henry, Ronald A. Hites, Keri C. Hornbuckle, Philip H. Howard, Richard G. Luthy, Anita K. Meyer, A. Eduardo Sáez, Frederick S. vom Saal, Chris D. Vulpe, Mark R. Wiesner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

This commentary evolved from a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences titled "Superfund Contaminants: The Next Generation" held in Tucson, Arizona, in August 2009. All the authors were workshop participants.Our aim was to initiate a dynamic, adaptable process for identifying contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) that are likely to be found in future hazardous waste sites, and to identify the gaps in primary research that cause uncertainty in determining future hazardous waste site contaminants.Superfund-relevant CECs can be characterized by specific attributes: They are persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic, occur in large quantities, and have localized accumulation with a likelihood of exposure. Although still under development and incompletely applied, methods to quantify these attributes can assist in winnowing down the list of candidates from the universe of potential CECs. Unfortunately, significant research gaps exist in detection and quantification, environmental fate and transport, health and risk assessment, and site exploration and remediation for CECs. Addressing these gaps is prerequisite to a preventive approach to generating and managing hazardous waste sites.A need exists for a carefully considered and orchestrated expansion of programmatic and research efforts to identify, evaluate, and manage CECs of hazardous waste site relevance, including developing an evolving list of priority CECs, intensifying the identification and monitoring of likely sites of present or future accumulation of CECs, and implementing efforts that focus on a holistic approach to prevention.
Nilotinib (formerly AMN107), a highly selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is active in patients with imatinib-resistant or -intolerant accelerated-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Philipp le Coutre, Oliver G. Ottmann, Francis Giles, Dong-Wook Kim, Jorge Cortes, Norbert Gattermann, Jane F. Apperley, Richard A. Larson, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Stephen G. O'Brien, Kazimierz Kuliczkowski, Andreas Hochhaus, Francois-Xavier Mahon, Giuseppe Saglio, Marco Gobbi, Yok-Lam Kwong, Michele Baccarani, Timothy Hughes, Giovanni Martinelli, Jerald P. Radich, Ming Zheng, Yaping Shou, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2007)
Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A Consensus Statement From the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes: Response to Nathan et al.
Authors: Paul S. Jellinger, Harold E. Lebovitz, Jaime A. Davidson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The recently published consensus treatment algorithm of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (1,2) is an attempt to simplify the management of hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The goal, obviously, is to provide physicians with a tool that will allow them to attain the best outcomes for their patients. The guiding principles as outlined by the authors were cost, evidence-based clinical trials, and experience with long-term use. Although emphasizing the early initiation of pharmacologic therapy with metformin is a welcome strategy, several major features of the algorithm significantly limit its ability to achieve the best outcomes. Three such features are the therapeutic …
Decreased uptake of taurocholate and ouabain by hepatocytes isolated from cirrhotic rat liver
Authors: Jürg Reichen, Catherine Hoilien, Mysan Le, Richard H. Jones
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

To differentiate between the “intact” and “sick” cell hypothesis explaining decreased clearance of endo- and xenobiotics, we measured uptake of taurocholate and ouabain in hepatocytes isolated from cirrhotic rat liver. Cirrhosis was induced by chronic exposure of male Sprague-Dawley rats to phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride. Uptake of [14C]taurocholate and [3H]ouabain was measured by a rapid filtration technique. Hepatocytes from cirrhotic liver were as viable as control hepatocytes—as judged by trypan blue exclusion and lactate dehydrogenase release—but consumed 28% less oxygen. Vmax of both taurocholate (3.16 ± 0.95 vs. 0.40 ± 0.35 nmoles·min−1·106 cells−1; p < 0.001) and ouabain (2.16 ± 0.78 vs. 0.83 ± 0.26 nmoles·min−1·106 cells−1; p < 0.005) was significantly reduced. These results are compatible with the “sick” cell hypothesis.
REACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES FROM GERMFREE RATS IN MIXED LEUKOCYTE CULTURE AND IN GRATT-<i>VERSUS</i>-HOST REACTION
Authors: H. E. Nielsen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The reactivity of lymphoid cells from germfree and conventional CDF rats were compared in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) with both allogeneic rat leukocytes and with human leukocytes as stimulating cells, and in a graft-versus-host (GVH) assay. There was no difference between germfree and conventional rats in any of these systems. Furthermore, the increase in GVH activity after specific immunization against a strong histocompatibility antigen was small in both cases. The findings are incompatible with the hypothesis that the high proportion of antigen-sensitive cells against strong histocompatibility antigens is caused by cross-reactions between microbial antigens and histocompatibility antigens.
Mucinous naevus with atypical features
Authors: J-H. Lim, S-H. Cho, H-O. Kim, C-W. Kim, Y-M. Park
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Mucinous naevus with atypical features Get access J‐H. Lim, J‐H. Lim Department of Dermatology, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo‐dong, Seocho‐ku, Seoul 137–701, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S‐H. Cho, S‐H. Cho Department of Dermatology, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo‐dong, Seocho‐ku, Seoul 137–701, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H‐O. Kim, H‐O. Kim Department of Dermatology, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo‐dong, Seocho‐ku, Seoul 137–701, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐W. Kim, C‐W. Kim Department of Dermatology, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo‐dong, Seocho‐ku, Seoul 137–701, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y‐M. Park Y‐M. Park Department of Dermatology, Kangnam St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo‐dong, Seocho‐ku, Seoul 137–701, Korea Young‐Min Park. E‐mail: knderma@cmc.cuk.ac.kr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 5, 1 May 2003, Pages 1064–1066, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05334.x Published: 01 May 2003
Abstract 2192: Defective calcium signaling pathway highlights the mutational landscapes of liver metastasis from colorectal and breast cancer
Authors: Fangfang Song, Miao Li, Yuexin Liu, Fengju Song, Wei Zhang, Kexin Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Few therapeutic options are currently available to treat metastasis to distant organs (e.g., liver) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC) patients. To gain insight into the genetic and molecular underpinnings of metastasis, we performed whole-exome sequencing on paired primary and metastasis samples from 5 CRC and 2 BC patients and focused sequencing on additional 13-paired tumors to identify and validate somatic genetic alterations. The results showed that the mutational spectra of metastases were highly heterogeneous. Nevertheless, genetic aberrations in calcium signaling pathway genes (GPR98, SYT6, TACR3, CYSLTR1, RYR3, and CACNA1A) were somatically mutated in liver metastases in 25% of CRC and BC cases, indicating that calcium-dependent signaling plays a key role in distant metastasis. These results begin to define the genetic basis underlying liver metastasis from CRC/BC and identify potential therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Fangfang Song, Miao Li, Yuexin Liu, Fengju Song, Wei Zhang, Kexin Chen. Defective calcium signaling pathway highlights the mutational landscapes of liver metastasis from colorectal and breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2192. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2192
Facial Soft-Tissue Fillers conference: Assessing the State of the Science
Authors: C. William Hanke, Rod J. Rohrich, Mariano Busso, Alastair Carruthers, Jean Carruthers, Steven Fagien, Rebecca Fitzgerald, Richard Glogau, Phyllis E. Greenberger, Z. Paul Lorenc, Ellen S. Marmur, Gary D. Monheit, Andrea Pusic, Mark G. Rubin, Berthold Rzany, Anthony Sclafani, Susan Taylor, Susan Weinkle, Michael F. McGuire, David M. Pariser, Laurie A. Casas, Karen J. Collishaw, Roger A. Dailey, Stephen C. Duffy, Elizabeth Jan Edgar, Barbara L. Greenan, Kelly Haenlein, Ronald A. Henrichs, Keith M. Hume, Flora Lum, David R. Nielsen, Lisle Poulsen, Lori Shoaf, William Seward, Wendy Smith Begolka, Robert G. Stanton, Katherine J. Svedman, J. Regan Thomas, Jonathan M. Sykes, Carol Wargo, Robert A. Weiss
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Atrial mechanical function and eight-week clinical outcomes in patients with atrial flutter undergoing electrical cardioversion: results from the ACUTE clinical trial
Authors: R.Daniel Murray, S.Ahmed Tejan-Sie, Susan E. Jasper, Mina K. Chung, Richard A. Grimm, Carolyn Apperson-Hansen, Elizabeth A. Lieber, Allan L. Klein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Bartolommeo Eustachio's<i>De Auditus Organis</i>and the Unique Murder Plot in Shakespeare's<i>Hamlet</i>
Authors: Avrim R. Eden, Jeff Opland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Hamlet is probably one of the most performed, discussed, analyzed, and translated plays in the English language. In their preface to The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, the editors of the Folger Library edition write, "After reading Hamlet, apparently only the most determined souls can resist seizing a pen or racing for their typewriters to set down their explanations of the character of the Prince of Denmark...."1 We plead guilty to such a lack of determination and offer an otologic commentary on the murder of Hamlet's father. We suggest that Shakespeare learned of a startling new medical . . .
Effects of Digoxin on Systolic Time Intervals of Neonates and Infants
Authors: ARTHUR M. LEVY, DAVID M. LEAMAN, JOHN S. HANSON
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Systolic time intervals were measured in 27 normal newborn infants before and after administration of oral digoxin (30 µg/kg). Systolic intervals were also measured in 10 newborns and infants with congestive heart failure before and after this same 30 µg/kg dose of digoxin, but also after administration of a much larger "digitalizing dose" of 80 µg/kg. Preejection period (PEP) shortened significantly in the normal newborns following the smaller dose. Changes in ejection time (ET) were much less striking and appeared to be transient, lasting less than 8 hours. When small doses of digoxin were given to the babies with congestive failure, PEP again shortened significantly. In general, the larger doses of digoxin produced no further changes in PEP or ET, although there were individual exceptions. The demonstration that maximal inotropic effect, as measured by PEP changes, usually occurred with small doses of digoxin may have significant clinical implications in terms of present concepts of loading doses of digitalis in the pediatric age group.
Metabolic clearance and plasma disappearance rates of human pancreatic tumor growth hormone releasing factor in man.
Authors: L A Frohman, J L Thominet, C B Webb, M L Vance, H Uderman, J Rivier, W Vale, M O Thorner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The metabolic clearance rate (MCR) and plasma disappearance rate (t1/2) of human pancreatic tumor growth hormone releasing factor [hpGRF(1-40)] was determined in normal adult male subjects by single injection and constant infusion techniques. Single injections of 1, 3.3, and 10 micrograms/kg hpGRF(1-40) were administered intravenously, plasma immunoreactive (IR) GRF levels were measured during the subsequent 180 min, and biexponential curve analysis was performed. Graded, dose-constant infusions of hpGRF(1-40) at rates of 1, 3.3, 10, and 33 ng/kg per min were administered and the MCR was calculated from measurement of steady state plasma IR-GRF levels at each infusion rate. The postinfusion disappearance rate was determined by linear regression analysis of plasma IR-GRF levels during the 120-min period after cessation of the infusion. The calculated MCR during the single injection study was 194 +/- 17.5 liters/m2 per d and was not significantly different from the calculated value during the constant infusion study (202 +/- 16 liters/m2 per d). The disappearance rate during the single injection study was subdivided into two linear phases: an initial equilibration phase (7.6 +/- 1.2 min) and a subsequent elimination phase (51.8 +/- 5.4 min). The latter was similar to the linear disappearance rate observed (41.3 +/- 3.0 min) after cessation of the constant infusion. The chromatographic and biologic characteristics of plasma IR-GRF, 30 min after injection, were similar to those of synthetic hpGRF(1-40). The results have been discussed in relation to the MCR of other hypothalamic hormones and have been used to extrapolate secretion rates of GRF in patients with ectopic GRF production.