tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perforation of the Colon after Exchange Transfusion in the Newborn
Authors: Arnold B. Friedman, R. Mario Abellera, Isadore Lidsky, Mortimer Lubert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

RECENTLY, attention has been called to perforation of the intestine after exchange transfusion.1 2 3 We report what we believe is the first case of this complication in the American literature that was diagnosed correctly before operation and successfully treated surgically.Case ReportA 2880-gm female infant was born at 36 weeks' gestation on February 6, 1969, to a 35-year-old gravida 7, para 5, blood Type A, Rh-negative mother. The umbilical-cord blood was A positive and Coombs positive, with a bilirubin of 2.8 mg total and 0.6 mg direct per 100 ml. The bilirubin rose to 16.2 mg total and 1.6 mg . . .
The Electrocardiophone
Authors: HENRY L. GREEN
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The electrocardiophone is a new, miniaturized, self-contained inexpensive device for the bedside recognition of cardiac arrhythmias. It converts electrocardiographic signals to frequency-modulated audiotone patterns that the physician can readily learn to recognize. It is most useful in situations calling for rapid diagnosis, such as cardiac resuscitation and the monitoring of patients in transit. It is helpful in timing heart sounds and murmurs, and may prove to have practical value in the differential diagnosis of pacemaker failure as well.
Incidence of rejection and infection after liver transplantation as a function of the primary disease: Possible influence of alcohol and polyclonal immunoglobulins
Authors: O Farges
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

A retrospective analysis was undertaken to determine if the incidence, timing, and severity of acute and chronic rejection were influenced by the primary disease necessitating transplantation. Of the 875 liver transplantations performed between 1984 and 1992, 768 were primary transplantations and 107 were retransplantations. Among the former, 330 patients that were liver transplant recipients for a chronic liver disease without cancer in the native liver received an ABO-compatible and cross-match-negative graft and were given a cyclosporine- or tacrolimus-based immunosuppression. These included primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC, 66 patients), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC, 23 patients), alcoholic cirrhosis (ALC, 21 patients), autoimmune cirrhosis (AIC, 17 patients), hepatitis B virus-induced cirrhosis (HBV-C, 116 patients) and hepatitis C virus-induced cirrhosis (HCV-C, 87 patients). The incidence of acute (48% ± 3% [SE] at 1 year) and chronic rejection (10% ± 2% at 3 years) was comparable in patients who have undergone transplantation for PBC, PSC, AIC, and HCV-C. However, the incidence of acute (but not chronic) rejection was significantly lower in patients who have undergone transplantation for ALC (29% at 1 year). This reduced incidence of acute rejection was associated with an increased incidence of bacterial infections. In patients who have undergone transplantation for HBV-C (the majority of whom had received long-term anti-hepatitis B surface antigen [HBs] immunoglobulins), the incidence of both acute (21% at 1 year) and chronic rejection (0% at 3 years) was significantly lower, whereas the incidence of septic complications was comparable with that in the other groups. The incidence of acute rejection in patients who have undergone transplantation for nonviral disease receiving polyclonal human anti- cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulins was also significantly lower than that of patients who did not receive the immunoglobulins (19% vs. 48% at 3 months; P = .01), and this was identical to that of patients who have undergone transplantation for viral disease receiving polyclonal human anti-HBs immunoglobulins (19% at 3 months). These results show that the risk of rejection is unequal among patients, being lower in patients who have undergone transplantation for ALC (probably as a result of a state of nonspecific hyporesponsiveness) and in patients who have undergone transplantation for HBV-C (possibly as a result of long-term administration of polyclonal human immunoglobulins).
CD1d function is regulated by microsomal triglyceride transfer protein
Authors: Suzana Brozovic, Takashi Nagaishi, Masaru Yoshida, Stephanie Betz, Azucena Salas, Daohong Chen, Arthur Kaser, Jonathan Glickman, Timothy Kuo, Alicia Little, Jamin Morrison, Nadia Corazza, Jin Yong Kim, Sean P Colgan, Stephen G Young, Mark Exley, Richard S Blumberg
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)
Archaeal Phylogeny Based on Ribosomal Proteins
Authors: Oriane Matte-Tailliez, Céline Brochier, Patrick Forterre, Hervé Philippe
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

Until recently, phylogenetic analyses of Archaea have mainly been based on ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence comparisons, leading to the distinction of the two major archaeal phyla: the Euryarchaeota and the Crenarchaeota. Here, thanks to the recent sequencing of several archaeal genomes, we have constructed a phylogeny based on the fusion of the sequences of the 53 ribosomal proteins present in most of the archaeal species. This phylogeny was remarkably congruent with the rRNA phylogeny, suggesting that both reflected the actual phylogeny of the domain Archaea even if some nodes remained unresolved. In both cases, the branches leading to hyperthermophilic species were short, suggesting that the evolutionary rate of their genes has been slowed down by structural constraints related to environmental adaptation. In addition, to estimate the impact of lateral gene transfer (LGT) on our tree reconstruction, we used a new method that revealed that 8 genes out of the 53 ribosomal proteins used in our study were likely affected by LGT. This strongly suggested that a core of 45 nontransferred ribosomal protein genes existed in Archaea that can be tentatively used to infer the phylogeny of this domain. Interestingly, the tree obtained using only the eight ribosomal proteins likely affected by LGT was not very different from the consensus tree, indicating that LGT mainly brought random phylogenetic noise. The major difference involves organisms living in similar environments, suggesting that LGTs are mainly directed by the physical proximity of the organisms rather than by their phylogenetic proximity.
Inhibition of Prostaglandin Biosynthesis by Corticosteroids
Authors: M. W. Greaves, W. McDonald-Gibson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Since prostaglandins have been consistently recovered from a wide range of inflammatory reactions, including cutaneous inflammation, we have studied the effect of the anti-inflammatory corticosteroids hydrocortisone and fluocinolone on in-vitro biosynthesis of prostaglandins by skin. Skin homogenates synthesized prostaglandins E(2) and F(2)alpha in the presence of an excess of arachidonic acid substrate. Inhibition of biosynthesis of both these prostaglandins by corticosteroids was demonstrated. Since several members of the prostaglandin group of agents can reproduce all the cardinal features of inflammation and are found in a wide range of inflammatory reactions it is concluded that at least part of the anti-inflammatory properties of corticosteroids is due to inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis.
The Potential of Antiangiogenic Therapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Giuseppe Giaccone
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The long-term prognosis for patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poor despite the availability of several cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens. The use of targeted therapies, particularly those against the key mediator of angiogenesis vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has the potential to improve outcomes for NSCLC patients. Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-VEGF antibody, is the most clinically advanced antiangiogenic agent in NSCLC. In a phase III study, bevacizumab showed significantly improved overall and progression-free survival when used in combination with standard first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Bevacizumab was generally well tolerated in patients with NSCLC; however, tumor-related bleeding adverse events have been noted in some patients, predominantly those with squamous cell histology or centrally located tumors. Several small-molecule VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors have also shown promise in phase I and II trials in NSCLC. This review summarizes the most important findings of angiogenesis inhibitors in NSCLC and discusses the potential for the use of these novel agents in different settings of NSCLC.
Environmental Hazards
Authors: Benjamin G. Ferris, James L. Whittenberger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

ACUTE high-level exposures to air pollutants have been well documented as causing an excess of deaths in exposed human populations. More difficult to assess has been the effect of chronic low-level exposures. This presentation will limit itself to this aspect of air pollution. The effects of air pollution on vegetation, other animals and buildings, and other economic effects such as increased laundry and housekeeping costs, and the effect on esthetic values will not be considered. This does not imply that these are not important but rather that time and space do not permit their inclusion.Selected research concerning air pollution . . .
Association of IL13 with total IgE: Evidence against an inverse association of atopy and diabetes
Authors: Lisa M Maier, Joanna M M Howson, Neil Walker, Gavin P Spickett, Richard W Jones, Susan M Ring, Wendy L McArdle, Christopher E Lowe, Rebecca Bailey, Felicity Payne, John A Todd, David P Strachan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Evaluation of the WHO Clinical Case Definition for AIDS in Uganda
Authors: Roslaw Widy-Wirski
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Infections with human immunodeficiency virus are common in areas of the world where laboratory testing and sophisticated diagnostic facilities are unavailable. A World Health Organization clinical case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was developed in 1985 for use in such areas. In 1987, we tested this definition on 1328 inpatients and outpatients in 15 hospitals throughout Uganda. Five hundred sixty-two patients (42%) were positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human immunodeficiency virus antibody. The World Health Organization definition had a sensitivity of 55%, a specificity of 85%, and a positive predictive value of 73%. Modification of the case definition by excluding a known cough from tuberculosis as a minor criteria decreased sensitivity slightly to 52%, but specificity and positive predictive value increased to 92% and 83%, respectively. Amenorrhea, although not specifically asked about, was a symptom noted by many female patients (26% of females who were positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay); as a symptom indicative of human immunodeficiency virus infection, amenorrhea had a specificity of 99%, with a positive predictive value of 89%. These findings support the generalizability of the World Health Organization clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome definition and its use (especially the modified version) in areas of Uganda without sophisticated facilities.
Search for NIH Director--Changes for NCI?
Authors: M. J. Zerbe, D. A. Tisevich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Search for NIH Director—Changes for NCI? Get access Michael J. Zerbe, Michael J. Zerbe Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dorothy A. Tisevich Dorothy A. Tisevich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 7, 4 April 1990, Page 547, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.7.547 Published: 04 April 1990
Immune Gene–Viral Therapy with Triplex Efficacy Mediated by Oncolytic Adenovirus Carrying an Interferon-γ Gene Yields Efficient Antitumor Activity in Immunodeficient and Immunocompetent Mice
Authors: Changqing Su, Linhui Peng, Jonathan Sham, Xinghua Wang, Qi Zhang, Daniel Chua, Chen Liu, Zhenfu Cui, Huibin Xue, Hongping Wu, Qin Yang, Baihe Zhang, Xinyuan Liu, Mengchao Wu, Qijun Qian
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Among numerous gene therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, gene transfer by conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd) of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) may be useful because of the possibility that it will yield IFN-γ-mediated antiangiogenesis, immune responses, and CRAd-mediated oncolysis. In this study, we constructed a human TERT promoter-mediated oncolytic adenovirus targeting telomerase-positive cancers and armed with a mouse or human IFN-γ gene to generate novel immune gene–viral therapeutic systems, CNHK300-mIFN-γ and CNHK300-hIFN-γ, respectively. The systems can specifically target, replicate in, and lyse cancer cells, while sparing normal cells. The advantage of these systems is that the number of transgene copies and their expression increase markedly via viral replication within infected cancer cells, and replicated viral progeny can then infect additional cancer cells within the tumor mass. CNHK300-mIFN-γ induced regression of xenografts in liver cancer models in both immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice by triplex mechanisms including selective oncolysis, antiangiogenesis, and immune responses. We conclude that combining immune gene therapy and oncolytic virotherapy can enhance antitumor efficacy as a result of synergism between CRAd oncolysis and transgene composite antitumor responses.
Peritoneal repair and post-surgical adhesion formation
Authors: G. S. diZerega
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2001)

It was shown in 1919 that peritoneal healing differs from that of skin. When a defect is made in the parietal peritoneum the entire surface becomes epithelialized simultaneously and not gradually from the borders as in epidermalization of skin wounds. While multiplication and migration of mesothelial cells from the margin of the wound may play a small part in the regenerative process, it cannot play a major role, since new mesothelium develops in the centre of a large wound at the same time as it develops in the centre of a smaller one. Development of intraperitoneal adhesions is a dynamic process whereby surgically traumatized tissues in apposition bind through fibrin bridges which become organized by wound repair cells, often supporting a rich vascular supply as well as neuronal elements
Survival of coronary artery disease patients with stable pain and normal left ventricular function treated medically or surgically at Duke University.
Authors: R E Whalen, F E Harrell, K L Lee, R A Rosati
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We evaluated the survival rates of medically and surgically treated patients with one-, two- or three-vessel coronary disease (CAD), stable pain, and normal left ventricular function observed at the Duke University Medical Center over an 11-year period. There was no statistical difference in survival when medical and surgical treatment were compared in patients with one-, two- or three-vessel disease (greater than or equal to 75% vessel occlusion). However, the survival curve of patients with three-vessel disease treated surgically consistently exceeded that of those treated medically over a 7-year follow-up period. This difference was not statistically significant, but suggests the need for further study in this group. When patients with 50% or greater lesions in three vessels, stable angina and normal left ventricular function were evaluated, surgical survival was greater than medical survival, although the difference is not statistically significant. The survival in the Duke medical group is substantially higher than that reported for medical patients in the European Cooperative Trial, which suggests that the significant differences surgical in survival in the European Cooperative Trial were largely due to a lower medical survival than that in the Duke medical group.
Effects on Blood Pressure of Ventricular Asystole During Stokes-Adams Attacks and Acetylcholine Injections
Authors: E. D. Barlow, S. Howarth
Journal: BMJ (1953)

Subjects who coughed intermittently also had syncope.Arterial pressure and peripheral blood flow records showed vasodilatation following this form of coughing in contrast to the vasoconstriction which resulted from the Valsalva manceuvre and continuous coughing.It is suggested that vasodilatation following inter- mittent coughing is due to the stimulation of baroceptors by large arterial cough transients.Intrathoracic pressure remained elevated about 10 mm.Hg for many seconds following intermittent coughing.
The Use of Epsilon Amino Caproic Acid in the Treatment of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis.
Authors: Jerome Rotstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1966)

s1 May 1966The Use of Epsilon Amino Caproic Acid in the Treatment of Progressive Systemic Sclerosis.Jerome Rotstein, M.D., Donald Golden, M.D., Frederick A. Reiss, M.D., Adriano Lauriello, M.D., Michel Bourel, M.D.Jerome Rotstein, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Donald Golden, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Frederick A. Reiss, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Adriano Lauriello, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Michel Bourel, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-64-5-1185_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEpsilon amino caproic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent that is related to the amino acid lysine, but it has the unique action of the indirect and direct inhibition of plasmin, thus preventing fibrinolysis. In relatively high concentrations it is an inhibitor of the proteolytic action of trypsin and pepsin. In moderate concentrations it prevents many immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. It is almost totally excreted in an unchanged form within 6 hours through the kidney. These properties provide the drug with anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and diuretic actions.Progressive systemic sclerosis is a generalized disease of the connective tissue that is manifested... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jerome Rotstein, M.D.; Donald Golden, M.D.; Frederick A. Reiss, M.D.; Adriano Lauriello, M.D.; Michel Bourel, M.D.Affiliations: New York, New York, and Rennes, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1966Volume 64, Issue 5Page: 1185-1185KeywordsAmino acidsAttentionFibrinolysisHypersensitivityKidneysLysinePepsinsPlasminsSclerodermaSystemic diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1966 PDF downloadLoading ...
Distribution of Polonium<sup>210</sup>in Pulmonary Tissues of Cigarette Smokers
Authors: John B. Little, Edward P. Radford, H. Louis McCombs, Vilma R. Hunt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Concentrations of the alpha-particle-emitting radioactive element polonium was measured in various pulmonary tissues of smokers and nonsmokers in order to determine 1) whether this radiation exposure is associated with the development of bronchial cancer in smokers; and 2) how smoke is absorbed and excreted in human lungs. Lung specimens from 25 current cigarette smokers, 2 current pipe smokers, 1 former cigarette smoker, and 8 nonsmokers ere analyzed. The average concentration of polonium in the peripheral parenchyma of current smokers was .0074 picocurie/gm and in nonsmokers was .0016. For smokers, the average concentration was doubled in more centrally located parenchyma and was greater in the upper than in the lower lobes. Polonium concentrations correlated with daily cigarette consumption but not with total cigarettes smoked. The concentrations in peribronchial lymph nodes of smokers were also higher than in nonsmokers. These values show no correlation with total or daily cigarette consumption. Polonium concentration was similiar in bronchial wall parenchyma as in lung parenchyma but was greater in bronchial epithelium than in parenchymal or lymph nodes. The patterns of distribution of polonium throughout the lung suggest that most inhaled smoke particles are rapidly cleared from the lung, and polonium is primarily cleared by mucus sheet. Since the highest local concentrations of polonium were found in bronchial epithelium from segmental bifurcations, leading to a high cumulative local radiation dose, polonium may be implicated in the initiation of bronchial cancer in humans.
A functional IL-6 receptor (IL6R) variant is a risk factor for persistent atopic dermatitis
Authors: Jorge Esparza-Gordillo, Heidi Schaarschmidt, Liming Liang, William Cookson, Anja Bauerfeind, Min-Ae Lee-Kirsch, Katja Nemat, John Henderson, Lavinia Paternoster, John I. Harper, Elisabeth Mangold, Markus M. Nothen, Franz Rüschendorf, Tamara Kerscher, Ingo Marenholz, Anja Matanovic, Susanne Lau, Thomas Keil, Carl-Peter Bauer, Michael Kurek, Andrzej Ciechanowicz, Milan Macek, Andre Franke, Michael Kabesch, Norbert Hubner, Gonçalo Abecasis, Stephan Weidinger, Miriam Moffatt, Young-Ae Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
1006-44 A Prognostic Factor in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Platelet-Dependent Thrombin Generation in Patients with CAD
Authors: Nobuo Aoki, Isao Aoki, Hideaki Yoshino, Akira Maki, Katsuya Shimoyama, Masashi Homori, Atsuo Yanagisawa, Kyozo Ishikawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Employers need to commit to flexible working for carers, says report
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Government agencies and businesses in the United Kingdom should implement new measures to give carers greater support to remain in work, a new report has concluded.

The Supporting Working Carers report, produced by the government, major employers, and charity organisation Carers UK, found that many carers struggle to combine work and care. It called for a range of actions to bolster support, including a renewed commitment from employers to actively promote flexible working within their own organisations and to other businesses.1

The report, which collected evidence from more than 200 employers, urged businesses to adapt their policies and procedures to deal with the UK’s growing care …