tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Contractile properties of papillary muscle from young cardiomyopathic hamsters: effects of isoprenaline
Authors: K. L ROSSNER, P. R COUDRAI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Papillary muscles isolated from the left ventricle of 17-20 day old Syrian hamsters with genetic cardiomyopathy (BIO14.6 strain) were examined for their mechanophysiological response to the beta adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline. The indices of isometric twitch for both myopathic and aged matched normal (BIO RB strain) hamster papillary muscles were statistically the same before exposure to catecholamine. Isoprenaline, however, elicited an exaggerated degree of positive inotropism in myopathic papillary muscles. In addition, the characteristic relaxing effect of beta adrenoceptor agonists (abbreviation of twitch duration) was virtually absent in myopathic muscles. These results suggest that under conditions resembling sympathetic stimulation sarcolemma and perhaps sarcoplasmic reticulum become inadequate regulators of calcium, predisposing young myopathic heart cells to accrue damaging concentrations of sarcoplasmic calcium.
Morphological development of the pulmonary vascular bed in fetal lambs.
Authors: D L Levin, A M Rudolph, M A Heymann, R H Phibbs
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The morphological development that accompanies increasing pulmonary blood flow and decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance with advancing gestational age has not been delineated. To study this point we developed a method of comparing pulmonary arterial vessels of the same generations in fetal lambs. Pulmonary arteries were perfused with glutaraldehyde solution at pressures appropriate for gestational age and then injected with an India ink-gelatin-Micropaque mixture. Using the dissecting microscope and serially prepared sections we studied successively smaller generations of arteries. We assessed the medial width/external diameter ratio in a total of 825 vessels from six fetal lambs of 85 to 140 days gestation. In fifth generation, or resistance vessels, this ratio remained constant over the gestational period studied (N = 529, Y = 0.16, slope = 0.0003). We measured the volume of 17-34 randomly selected sections from each of the six fetuses, counted the total number of fifth and sixth generation vessels in these sections, and calculated the total number of these vessels per right lung. This number increased from 0.10 X 10(6) to 4.08 X 10(6) with increasing gestational age. The number of vessels per unit volume increased from 7.2 X 10(3)/ml to 61.8 X 10(3)/ml or right lung over this gestational period. The results indicate that increased pulmonary blood flow and decreased pulmonary vascular resistance with advancing gestation are due to an increase in the total number of vessels and increased vasomotor reactivity is related to an increase in the total amount of smooth muscle while the thickness of muscle in individual vessels remains constant.
Essentials of Respiratory Disease
Authors: Jerry G. Greene
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The author aims to provide a practical guide to clinical problems useful to senior students and doctors in their early postgraduate years. The text is divided into three sections. Clinical methods comprise 37 pages, pulmonary physiology in relation to disease 82 pages, and varieties of lung disease 148 pages. The book is attractive, easily managed with one hand, and easily read. In a specialty where roentgenography constitutes a major form of diagnosis, only eight pages are devoted to its review, while the pulmonary manifestations of connective tissue disorders are spread over the same space. In part 2, the section on pulmonary function testing, the practical assessment of lung function by test could have used more representative examples of testing such as classification of disease, screening of disease, assessing individual lung function, pulmonary exercise tolerance, xenon scanning, and assessment of respiratory failure or insufficiency. A discussion of limitations of tests, and
UNCOUNTED FACTORS IN INFANT FEEDING
Authors: CLIFFORD G. GRULEE
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The scientific development of infant feeding has been very largely a matter of the last twenty years. Previous to that time, most of the discussion on the subject was along empiric lines and represented the individual experience of various observers. During the last two decades, however, there has been a very definite attempt to place dietetics of infancy on a scientific basis. One after another of the various food elements has been the subject for investigation, with the result that at present the scientific standards by which we may judge of the food for the baby have been fairly well established. This marks an era not only in pediatrics but also in medicine. Infant feeding is essentially a therapeutic measure. It is that branch of dietetics which requires the most exhaustive knowledge of scientific facts and the most thorough observation of clinical cases, to be carried out successfully. It has
Late onset bile duct stricture caused by iatrogenic injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, mimicking cholangiocellular carcinoma
Authors: G. Bernhardt, P. Kornprat, W. Schweiger, H. Cerwenka, H. Mischinger
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Extrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinomas are relatively rare malignant tumors. Although recent years have seen advances in diagnosis and treatment, cholangiocellular carcinomas are usually clinically silent or associated with nonspecific symptoms in the early stages; therefore, most tumors are diagnosed late, when they are inoperable [1]. The diagnosis can be especially challenging in patients with chronic cholangitis or previous hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery.
Mutiny over Bounty?
Authors: T Hutchison, C J Rolles
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Bounty Services Ltd advertise commercial products on postnatal wards of hospitals throughout Britain by means of free gifts. Since the " Bounty lady" is apparently well known to nursing staff but may have gone unnoticed by paediatricians and obstetricians an investigation was conducted of the quality of the gifts and the nature of the company. With two exceptions the samples and promotional leaflets were sound, and mothers apparently enjoyed receiving them. Educational pamphlets distributed with the gifts were excellent, and cine films shown to the mothers were of good quality and informative about basic parental skills. Bounty , however, operates by exerting commercial pressure on new mothers at a time when they are most vulnerable and distributes materials among them without consultation with medical staff. Most of the mothers questioned assumed that the service was being provided by the NHS. The Bounty service may or may not be perceived as a satisfactory operation but details should be known to paediatricians and obstetricians; any action to be taken might be decided locally after discussion in individual hospitals or districts.
Gender Verification and the Next Olympic Games
Authors: Bernard Dingeon
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In 1988,I was given responsibility for gender verification at the Albertville Winter Olympic Games. I was invited to the International Athletic Foundation Workshop in Monaco where I explained the advantages of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) gender verification and presented preliminary findings.<sup>1</sup>Despite the distinguished reputation of Drs Ljungqvist and Simpson, I refused to add my signature to their conclusions, published in<i>JAMA</i>.<sup>2</sup> I could not agree that PCR controls "seem especially hazardous in the setting of sports competition." Our own experience and the opinion of other authors<sup>3,4</sup>now enable us to state that PCR is perfectly suited to, and economically compatible with, the constraints of the Olympic Games. Our purpose was to improve the reliability of the verification method. Polymerase chain reaction provides a screening test that "assess[es] the sex of individuals very adquately" in over 99% of those enjoying perfect health. The International
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogue for Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer—Reply
Authors: Lucia Del Mastro, Marco Venturini
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hypokalemia: A Clinical Sentinel of Renal Hypertension.
Authors: H. D. Itskovitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Hypokalemia: A Clinical Sentinel of Renal Hypertension.H. D. Itskovitz, M.D., A. M. Sellers, M.D., F.A.C.P., E. A. Hildreth, M.D., F.A.C.P.H. D. Itskovitz, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. M. Sellers, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, E. A. Hildreth, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-745 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe diagnosis of renal artery disease as a cause of hypertension usually depends upon renal arteriography. A low serum potassium in patients with hypertension may be an indication for this study.Renal arteriograms were performed in 17 patients with hypertension and hypokalemia that could not be attributed to abnormal gastrointestinal potassium loss or the use of thiazide diuretics. Abnormalities of the renal artery were demonstrated in 47% of these patients. A retrospective review disclosed hypokalemia in 8 of 19 patients (42%) with radiographic lesions of the renal artery at The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. In contrast, the incidence... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: H. D. Itskovitz, M.D.; A. M. Sellers, M.D., F.A.C.P.; E. A. Hildreth, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 745-745KeywordsAngiographyDiureticsHypertensionLesionsPotassiumRenal arteriesRenal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of the forced expiration technique as an adjunct to postural drainage in treatment of cystic fibrosis.
Authors: J A Pryor, B A Webber, M E Hodson, J C Batten
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Sixteen patients with cystic fibrosis were treated with conventional physiotherapy aided by an assistant. The results were compared with those produced by physiotherapy using the forced expiration technique cleared more sputum in less time than conventional physiotherapy. A sputum in less time than conventional physiotherapy. A second study showed that an assistant did not further improve the results obtained by the patient performing the forced expiration technique himself. These findings mean that patients with cystic fibrosis who have had to rely on the help of others for their home treatment may now perform more effective treatment without help. The forced expiration technique might also be helpful for patients with chronic bronchitis, asthma, or bronchiectasis.
Initial management of Parkinson's disease
Authors: C. G. Goetz, G. Pal
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders seen in the United States and United Kingdom. The disease is characterised by two processes—cellular degeneration and the resulting biochemical deficiency of dopamine. Although these processes are inter-related, they are approached separately in the clinical setting. Currently, no proven neuroprotective or disease modifying treatment is available for Parkinson's disease. Several agents can be used to treat the motor symptoms associated with dopamine deficiency, and it is important to choose wisely when starting treatment. Drugs can have mild, moderate, or high potency, and the patient's goals, comorbidities, and the short and long term implications of choosing a specific agent should be taken into account when selecting the appropriate agent. Non-motor symptoms, such as depression, fatigue, and disorders of sleep and wakefulness, also need to be evaluated and treated. Research is under way to deliver dopaminergic therapy more effectively, but studies aimed at slowing or stopping disease progression have not shown promise.
Thyroid Carcinoma With Spinal Cord Compression
Authors: Lee D. Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Characteristics of cases of spinal cord compression from metastatic thyroid carcinoma show that this rare complication is not necessarily a preterminal event. It seems to have some propensity to occur during withdrawal of thyroid suppressive therapy in preparation for radioactive iodine treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:953-954)
Association of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the SH2B3 gene with JAK2V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Elodie Lesteven, Marie Picque, Carole Conejero Tonetti, Stéphane Giraudier, Nadine Varin-Blank, Laura Velazquez, Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Bruno Cassinat, Fanny Baran-Marszak
Journal: Blood (2014)
Intravenous Potassium Chloride Therapy
Authors: Sylvain Fribourg
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Some comment is prompted by a QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS article (1981;245:2446) concerning intravenous potassium chloride therapy. I would be interested to know if Drs DeFronzo and Bia meant to write that they "have had to infuse as much as 80 to 100 mEq/L during one hour to suppress the ventricular irritability" and that such was done "by using two peripheral IVs containing 40 to 50 mEq/L infused during one hour," thereby administering a total volume load of 2 L in one hour? That is quite a volume load for a heart with ventricular irritability.
An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness
Authors: A. D Ogilvie
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Kay Redfield Jamison Picador, £15.99, pp 220 ISBN 0330 346 504

An Unquiet Mind is a landmark in the history of writing about manic depressive illness. Kay Redfield Jamison, professor of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University and coauthor of arguably the foremost scientific book on manic depressive illness, has “come out” and described her own lifelong battle against recurrent mania and depression. I recently saw the book displayed in an airport lounge bookstall in Minneapolis where it was rated number 10 in the non-fiction bestsellers list for Minnesota. Not many good books written by …
Home mechanical ventilation
Authors: M. P. Wise, N. Hart, C. Davidson, R. Fox, M. Allen, M. Elliott, B. Winter, M. Morgan, H. Shovelton, R. Meadowcroft, J. Campbell, I. Finlay
Journal: BMJ (2011)

National registries are needed to reduce variations in care and improve patient safety

More than 140 000 critically ill patients are admitted to intensive care in England and Wales each year. Delayed weaning (>14 days) and continued dependence on mechanical ventilation occur in 2-5% of these people. The human and financial costs of this dependence are substantial.1 2 3 4 Although most patients are eventually weaned, the rest remain dependent on ventilation, which is provided through a tracheostomy or non-invasively by a mask or cuirasse.3 Such patients require assessment for home ventilation and often need an extensive care package that provides long term medical, nursing, and physiotherapy support.

Home ventilation and weaning units are best placed to coordinate this kind of care, although direct responsibility for the patient may switch to the community at hospital discharge. Such centres can also provide continuing support to patients at home, train carers, assess competency, and provide emergency support at times of crisis.1 In many parts of the United …
The Impact of a Regulation Restricting Medical House Staff Working Hours on the Quality of Patient Care
Authors: Christine Laine
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To examine the impact on patient care of a New York State regulation that restricted house staff working hours. <h3>Design.</h3> —Retrospective cohort study. <h3>Setting.</h3> —General medical service of an urban teaching hospital. <h3>Patients.</h3> —A total of 263 (94%) of 281 patients discharged from the study service during October 1988 and 263 (93%) of 283 patients discharged from the same service during October 1989. <h3>Interventions.</h3> —On July 1, 1989, New York State enacted a new regulation, Code 405, which limited residents' working hours and specified levels of supervision and ancillary support. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —In-hospital mortality, transfers to intensive care units, cardiopulmonary resuscitation attempts, discharge disposition, length of stay, medical complications, and house staff delays in ordering tests and procedures. <h3>Results.</h3> —Although the cohorts were comparable in severity of illness measures, more patients in 1989 suffered at least one medical complication (91 [35%] vs 59 [22%];<i>P</i>=.002) and experienced at least one diagnostic test delay because of house staff (44 [17%] vs 4 [2%];<i>P</i>&lt;.001). These significant differences persisted after controlling for potential confounders in multivariate analyses. However, we found no significant differences in more serious outcomes: in-hospital mortality, transfer to intensive care unit, discharge disposition, or length of stay. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —These results suggest that restricted house staff working hours were associated with delayed test ordering by house staff and increased in-hospital complications. While these potentially deleterious effects on the quality of care did not result in statistically significant differences in more serious outcomes, further study at other hospitals is warranted to determine staffing strategies that optimize quality of care for patients, as well as medical education and quality of life for house officers (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:374-378)
Undifferentiated Cell Transplant Techniques Appear Effective in Treating Leg Ulcers, Vitiligo
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1991)

WHEN IT comes to growing skin cells, Miriam M. Brysk, PhD, appears to have a green thumb. Brysk, who is director of the Dermatology Research Laboratory at The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, and coworkers have developed techniques for growing and transplanting undifferentiated skin cells that may help heal the wounds of burn victims and patients with persistent skin ulcers. The skin cell culturing and transplant techniques Brysk and colleagues developed may also provide a way to treat patients with disfiguring vitiligo, as well as providing cancer researchers with the first system for culturing human basal cell carcinoma. A variety of culture methods have been developed for growing skin cells for autografts and allografts for treating stasis ulcers and burn wounds. However, their use has been limited by a number of problems including severe shrinkage of the grafts and fragility of the epidermal sheets that makes transfer from culture
Impact of time to reperfusion on microvascular damage after primary coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Takefumi Takahashi, Yoshikazu Hiasa, Takeshi Tomokane, Koji Yamaguchi, Riyo Ogura, Yoshikazu Ohara, Kanji Kusunoki, Kenichiro Yuba, Tatsuro Ogata, Shinobu Hosokawa, Koichi Kishi, Ryuji Ohtani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Osteolysis of the Clavicle
Authors: Anwar Ahmad
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I would like to comment on the interesting TOPICS IN RADIOLOGY/CASE OF THE MONTH by Skinner et al.<sup>1</sup> The article states that "the superficial location of the clavicle makes it prone to the effects of radiation therapy, especially when additional radiation is given to the supraclavicular area." In the case discussed, no additional radiation was given to the supraclavicular area: rather, it was directed to the posterior axilla. The superficial location of the clavicle makes it more prone to radiation effects only if low-energy roentgen rays or an electron beam is used. Since the case history does not describe the equipment used, I am not certain if the superficial location of the clavicle was a factor. If high-energy roentgen rays are used, the superficial location of the clavicle is advantageous since it will absorb a lesser dose compared with the deeper tissues. Since in the
Evaluation of UGT1A1 Genotyping for Predicting Individual Toxicity of Irinotecan Plus Platinum Analog Regimens
Authors: M. Takano, K. Yamamoto, T. Tabata, Y. Minegishi, T. Yokoyama, S. Morita, Y. Ando, T. Sugiyama, Y. Ohashi, Y. Sakata
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Time for Targeted Screening
Authors: Pradyumna D. Phatak, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Kris V. Kowdley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

The discovery of the HFE gene in 1996 heralded a decade of major advances in the understanding of the mechanisms that control iron absorption and body iron stores. A genetic definition of the common form of hereditary hemochromatosis became possible, and testing for the common causative HFE mutations is now widely available in clinical laboratories. Several population screening studies have confirmed that disease penetrance in HFE-related hereditary hemochromatosis is lower than previously believed, making universal population-based screening for this disorder unattractive. However, hereditary hemochromatosis may still cause morbidity and mortality because of iron overload. Early detection and use of appropriate therapy can prevent these manifestations and can only be achieved by targeted case finding. In this article, the authors draw attention again to hereditary hemochromatosis as a cause of preventable organ dysfunction and propose targeted case finding for Caucasian men of Northern European ancestry.
Asymmetrical Humeral Head Activity after Therapeutic Irradiation
Authors: HOLLEY M. DEY, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

A case of unilateral, sharply reduced humeral head activity on bone scan is described. This resulted from therapeutic Irradiation of the shoulder girdle of a child. Sequelae of radiation therapy of the humeral head during childhood may include epiphyseal fusion, abnormal tubulation, and growth retardation. In later years, osteoporosis is frequently noted, and aseptic necrosis may ensue. In general, the younger the child at the time of therapy, the more severe the consequences. It is possible that enhanced growth at the untreated end of the bone may to some extent compensate for the overall bone shortening.
Are there two populations of refixations in the reading of long words?
Authors: Karine Doré-Mazars, Dorine Vergilino-Perez, Thérèse Collins
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

This commentary focuses on the limitations of the E-Z Reader model in its attempt to explain refixation saccades in reading. Listing factors that influence probability of refixating leads the model to assume two sorts of refixations. However, taking into account data on the metrics of refixation saccades allows us to propose an alternative explanation for empirical observations reported in the literature.