tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Intravenous Injection of Milk
Authors: C. E. Jennings
Journal: BMJ (1885)

JI 4 -H447advantages over the coal-tar acid, consequent on its extreme purity.It is less deliquescent, an(d caiinot possibly-be open to the suspicioni of contaimination with certain other products of coal-tar, which possess injurious (lualities.It would not be advisable, he adds, to prepare carbolic acid fronm this souirce, when the comparative cost shows that the gain must be very small or non-existenit * but it is well worthy of record tlhat, shouldl circumstances render the supply of the English product (lifficult, or uncertain, as in the case of war, or increase(d Englislh price, a practically inexlhaustible source exists in this country (India) from which this indispensable substance in its purest state can1 be obtained at a slialgt enhancement of the present price.Interesting and important as this Andromeda oil is as a source of carbolic acid, it is eveni more so, as the probable source of another valuable therapeutic agent, niamely, salicylic acid, of wlhich one of the recognise(d sourices is the winter-green or gaultheria oil, which, as just mentioned, is identical in comiiposition with our present article.Oni tllis subject, the followving remarks of MIr.Martindlale, inl his very uiueful little work, The Edtra Phcharmacopteia (page 25), may not be out of pla e. " Commercially, the acid prepare(d fromn oil of winter-greel, the natlral salieylic acid of M1r.J. Williams, is the purest.Oil of winter-green, is an impure salicylate of methyl.Wlhen treated with caudtic potash-solution, and the volatile matters distilled off, an im- puire salicylate of p)otaish remains; this is decomposed by hvdrochloric acid, anid the salicylic acid obtained purified by dissolving, and crystallisinig finally from wveak spirit.It is in crystals resenlbling those of strychnia, and larger than those prepared from carbolic acid.' I'his purocess, applied to Andromeda oil, would, in all p)robability, yield similar results.It is to be hoped that the subject may soon be taken up by the medical authorities in India.In the meanwhile, it seem.svery desir-able that the oil itself should be subjected to trials as stimtiulant, carmiuative, an(l antiseptic.HYDROCAiRPUcS INxEBRIANs.-Another oil to which I wouldl direct attention is that obtained by expression fromn the see(ds of hydrocarpus inebrians, Vahl, a tree, Nat.Ord.Bixini.e,inhlabiting the western coast of the Peninsula.It is the Necradimootoo of Ainslie (ilIat.
Validation of the X-Vision ERCP Training System and Technical Challenges During Early Training of Sphincterotomy
Authors: Stefan von Delius, Philipp Thies, Alexander Meining, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Maria Burian, Wolfgang Huber, Hans Weidenbach, Matthias P. Ebert, Bruno Neu, Leopold Ludwig, John Almeida, Christian Prinz, Roland M. Schmid, Eckart Frimberger
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)
[298] GROWTH INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF PEGYLATED INTERFERON-a2a ON HUMAN LIVER CANCER CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: H. Yano, S. Ogasawara, S. Momosaki, J. Akiba, N. Nishida, S. Kojiro, H. Ishizaki, F. Moriya, M. Kojiro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
European Commission urges countries to introduce ban on smoking in public places
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

European Union governments are being urged to follow the example of the United Kingdom and Ireland and impose a wide ranging smoking ban within the next three years.

The call is coming from the European Commission, which has adopted a recommendation requesting firm national measures to protect citizens from tobacco smoke.

Announcing the new anti-tobacco campaign, the EU health commissioner, Androulla Vassiliou, said: “There is a wave of support from the general public and we will work with member states to make this a reality.”

According to a pan-European Eurobarometer survey, 84% of …
Sexuality and Menopause
Authors: James Frock, John Money
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1992)

Postmenopausal sexuoerotic health is multivariately determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic variables, some of which may predate the menopause. In a pilot study of 20 postmenopausal women, even when deterioration in sexual well-being was anticipated beforehand, it did not inevitably materialize, but if it did so, it was not inevitably correlated with diminished partner availability. Postmenopausal ratings of eroto-sexual ideation, imagery, and practices indicated nondeterioration markedly more often than they did deterioration. There is increasing professional agreement that androgen maintains erotosexual functioning in women as well as men; and that, in minimal nonmasculinizing dosage, it can be included with good therapeutic effect in postmenopausal steroid replacement therapy.
Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity in offspring of type 2 diabetic patients: lack of association with plasma insulin levels.
Authors: A Gürlek, M Bayraktar, S Kirazli
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a dysregulation of the fibrinolytic system exists in normal glucose tolerant offspring of type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 32 offspring of type 2 diabetic patients and 26 subjects with no family history of diabetes were studied. With respect to the metabolic parameters, plasma fasting and 2-h postload (75 g glucose) glucose and insulin levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol concentrations were determined. To evaluate the status of hemostatic factors, fibrinogen, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen level, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen level, and PAI-1 activity were assessed. The statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test to check the significance of differences between variables in the two groups and Spearman's rank correlation tests to check the interrelationships between the hemostatic and metabolic parameters in the offspring group. RESULTS: All subjects had normal glucose tolerance according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Plasma fasting and postload insulin concentrations were significantly higher in offspring compared with control group (P&amp;lt;0.00001 and P&amp;lt;0.01, respectively). Plasma fasting and postload glucose, fibrinogen, tPA antigen, total cholesterol, and BMI were comparable between the groups. The offspring had significantly higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (P = 0.03), higher triglycerides (P = 0.01), and lower HDL cholesterol (P&amp;lt;0.01) compared with the control group. PAI-1 antigen level and PAI-1 activity were higher in the offspring (P = 0.05 and P = 0.04, respectively). In the offspring group, PAI-1 activity was correlated with plasma PAI-1 antigen level (r = 0.40, P = 0.02), fibrinogen (r = 0.45, P = 0.01), and HDL cholesterol (r = -0.36, P = 0.04). However, tPA antigen level, fasting and postload plasma glucose and insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, WHR, and BMI did not correlate with PAI-1 activity. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that normal glucose tolerant offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects have elevated PAI-1 activity indicating to hypofibrinolysis in this group. The elevated PAI-1 activity has no association with plasma insulin concentration.
Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theory and Practice
Authors: Nicholas C. Grassly
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
Authors: Jonathan P. Krueger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters4 September 2007Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of MenopauseJonathan P. Krueger, BAJonathan P. Krueger, BAFrom Pleasanton, CA 94566.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-5-200709040-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In Newton and colleagues' randomized trial comparing 3 herbal regimens, hormone replacement therapy, and placebo in treating vasomotor symptoms of menopause (1), is there some reason why a within-participant design was not used? It appears to be suited to the phenomenon, which is reversible and observable within months. Why not have all participants experience all conditions, say 2 months per condition, ordered at random for each participant? The power would be better, the results would be cleaner, and we'd be able to answer a question this study cannot: Do some persons respond reliably, even if the overall ...Reference1. Newton KM, Reed SD, LaCroix AZ, Grothaus LC, Ehrlich K, Guiltinan J. Treatment of vasomotor symptoms of menopause with black cohosh, multibotanicals, soy, hormone therapy, or placebo: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:869-79. [PMID: 17179056] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jonathan P. Krueger, BAAffiliations: From Pleasanton, CA 94566.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause with Black Cohosh, Multibotanicals, Soy, Hormone Therapy, or Placebo Katherine M. Newton , Susan D. Reed , Andrea Z. LaCroix , Louis C. Grothaus , Kelly Ehrlich , and Jane Guiltinan Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Baoming Ge Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Jonathan R. Byron Alternative Treatments of Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause Katherine M. Newton , Susan D. Reed , and Andrea Z. LaCroix Metrics Cited byApplication of complementary and alternative therapies abroad in treatment of climacteric symptoms 4 September 2007Volume 147, Issue 5Page: 346KeywordsConflicts of interestHormone replacement therapyMenopauseRandomized trials ePublished: 4 September 2007 Issue Published: 4 September 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Boxing in the Army
Authors: C. M. G. Buttery
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  I read the article on boxing injuries 1 in the army with interest, as well as the associated editorial 2 on the American Medical Association's opposition to boxing.  As far as professional boxing is concerned, I agree entirely with the Association's position.  As far as training for self-defense, the data are of little help. Certain groups of individuals need to learn to defend themselves because their jobs require exposure to personal hazard.  I believe combat arms soldiers, whether enlisted or officers, should learn self-defense. The same training is needed by law enforcement personnel. Any self-defense skill has dangers.  The data presented in the accompanying article refer only to numerators. We should compare the rate of permanent injuries per 10 000 persons engaged in various types of training and body contact sports and then determine the likelihood of injury. Many other sports now require compulsory wearing of
Quality Dimensions of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Farhan J. Khawaja, Henry H. Ting
Journal: Circulation (2009)

F or patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial in- farction (STEMI), primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is superior to fibrinolytic therapy if primary PCI is performed (1) in a timely manner with a door-toballoon time Ͻ90 minutes; (2) by experienced operators and PCI hospitals; (3) and for patients who have high clinical risk, high bleeding risk, or delays in presentation from symptom onset. 1 Current guidelines and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services public reporting have focused on the timeliness of primary PCI, particularly door-to-balloon time as a process measure of quality. 2 Given the better outcomes achievable with primary PCI, there is growing interest in regionalizing STEMI care to improve access to primary PCI. 3,4However, Ϸ25% of US hospitals have PCI capability, 4 and observational registries demonstrate that Ͻ10% of patients who are transferred for primary PCI achieve a first door-to-balloon time Ͻ90 minutes. 5The American Heart Association "Mission: Lifeline" initiative is seeking to improve timely access to primary PCI for patients who present to non-PCI hospitals by engaging patients and communities, emergency medical services, hospital systems, emergency department physicians,
Letter: Disruption of the family.
Authors: L Hurst
Journal: BMJ (1974)

were found in one family and one more (in a girl of 15) in the other family.The parents did not consider there was anything wrong with the child, but both the girls complained of low backache and vague limb pains for which they had been taking aspirin tablets.Serum calcium and phosphate levels were within the normal range but all had markedly raised serum alkaline phosphatase levels.Rickets during rapid pubertal growth has al,o been freauently reDortedl 2 in Asian immigrants, especially in young girls.In ad- dition to the language problems the custo- mary seclusion of young girls in Pakistani families put them at additional risk of missed diagnosis till the appearance of deformities of the legs and pelvis or perhaps even later.A case, I think, therefore exists for the routine screening of young immigrant girls for rickets before leaving school and also for the screening of other children in the family when a case of rickets is found.There may be a genetic predisposition to rickets.
Fine needle aspiration cytology in isolated thyroid swellings: a prospective two year evaluation.
Authors: H M Al-Sayer, Z H Krukowski, V M Williams, N A Matheson
Journal: BMJ (1985)

During 1 September 1981 to August 1982 aspiration cytology was carried out in all isolated thyroid swellings referred to the Aberdeen Thyroid Clinic: cytological findings were not disclosed, did not influence management, and were compared retrospectively with the histological diagnosis. In a total of 70 swellings sensitivity for the detection of neoplasia was 86% and overall accuracy 92%; the positive predictive value was 80% and negative predictive value 96%. During the second year (1 September 1982 to 31 August 1983), when cytological findings were used to influence management, the frequency of operation for isolated thyroid swellings decreased by 25% and the proportion of operations for neoplasia increased from 31% to 50%. In terms of bed occupancy the potentially avoidable surgical workload for benign disease was reduced by 34%. Aspiration cytology, carried out at the first clinic attendance, makes a sound basis for selective surgery and leads to economy in the management of isolated thyroid swellings.
Prevalence and Mechanism of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug–Induced Clinical Relapse in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ken Takeuchi, Simon Smale, Purushothaman Premchand, Laurence Maiden, Roy Sherwood, Bjarni Thjodleifsson, Einar Bjornsson, Ingvar Bjarnason
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2006)
Do Physician Athletes Believe in Pre-Exercise Examinations and Stress Tests?
Authors: Robert R. Rynearson, John W. Roberts, Warren L. Stewart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

We recently saw a patient in his early forties who displayed a six-page narrative report of his pre-exercise physical examination, which included cardiac stress tests and pulmonary-function studies. He had paid $400 for this evaluation, knowing in advance that he was in excellent health. He related that most of the executives in his company were making appointments for similar evaluations: "These doctors specialize in pre-exercise physical and stress tests."Most physicians are sensitive to the increasing pressure to contain medical costs and economize in tests and treatments, and many have strong reservations about encouraging expensive medical evaluations for healthy people . . .
ADVERSE REACTIONS TO CANNABIS
Authors: DANIEL K. ONION
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Letters and Comments1 August 1969ADVERSE REACTIONS TO CANNABISDANIEL K. ONION, M.D.DANIEL K. ONION, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-2-430 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:As William Grossman suggests in the conclusion of his report of "Adverse Reactions Associated with Cannabis Products in India" (Ann. Intern. Med. 70: 529, 1969), the medical community needs reliably researched data on the psychic and physiologic effects of marijuana. However, it should be spared biased and incomplete personal experiences like those of Dr. Grossman. He implies that marijuana use in the cases he observed was the cause of mental illness and fails to recognize it might as easily have been a symptom.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Hospital Pacific Way Seattle, Wash. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1969Volume 71, Issue 2Page: 430-431KeywordsAddictionAdverse reactionsCannabisMarijuana Issue Published: 1 August 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
321 High levels of BCL-2, C-AKT and TRK-A in activated human hepatic stellate cells: Possible mechanisms for survival to apoptosis induction
Authors: E. Novo, F. Marra, E. Zamara, L. Valfre, I. Petrai, A. Bonacchi, S. Colombatto, M. Pinzani, M. Parola
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
High fluid intake prevents first time stone formation
Authors: J. M. Reynard
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Studies that have investigated the use of the insanity defense have revealed that the defense is rarely interposed. Few of these studies provide information on the use of psychiatric defenses other than insanity or report on how such cases were adjudicated (e.g., by trial or plea agreement). The current investigation examined all defendants who were indicted for felonies and who proffered any type of psychiatric defense in New York County (one of the five counties that comprise New York City) from 1988 to 1997. Plea, acquittal, and success rates and the manner by which cases were adjudicated are summarized. Prior research reveals that the general public believes that the defense is frequently used and often succeeds. However, in New York County, psychiatric defenses were proffered by only .16 percent of all indicted defendants.
Vocation: to be prepared to go beyond the call of duty
Authors: A. Bhattacharyya
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Of the many specialties through which I had rotated as a senior house officer, I had come to like paediatric surgery the most. I had joined the postgraduate general surgery residency and so was no longer on the paediatric surgery rota. However, I admired the dedicated consultant and had volunteered many of my off-duty hours to work in his wards and scrub up with him in the theatre.

One night, on my way back from a call, I was stopped by a ward-boy with a call book. There were no pagers in our hospital in those days. Instead, doctors were called for emergencies by handwritten messages in a call book, and ward-boys were sent out to find the doctors in their usual hideouts—with many outcomes depending on how quickly the ward-boy could track down the doctor.

That night there was an emergency in the paediatric surgical ward. The houseman was too scared to call the consultant at home. He had sent out the call book to me in desperation, …
Endoscopic hemostasis through gastrostomy
Authors: T. Uchiyama, A. Goto, E. Sakai, Y. Sekino, H. Iida, H. Endo, K. Hosono, Y. Sakamoto, T. Koide, H. Takahashi, M. Yoneda, C. Tokoro, Y. Abe, T. Shimamura, N. Kobayashi, K. Kubota, S. Maeda, A. Nakajima, Y. Ichikawa, M. Inamori
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 60-year-old man suffering from esophageal cancer was admitted to our hospital due to tarry stools. He had difficulty with oral intake due to stricture caused by the esophageal cancer and received his nutrition via gastrostomy. Laboratory findings revealed severe anemia, and gastrointestinal bleeding was therefore suspected. The stricture caused by the esophageal cancer made it impossible to pass the gastrointestinal endoscope. As a last resort, therefore, endoscopy via the gastrostomy was attempted in order to identify and treat the source of bleeding. We were able to pass the gastrointestinal scope (Olympus XP260N; Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan), via the gastrostomy port into the stomach ([Fig. 1]).
The Medical Messiahs: A Social History of Health Quackery in Twentieth-Century America
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Medical quackery represents a big business—with an annual gross of over $2 billion. In a previous volume, James Harvey Young, professor of history at Emory University, traced the earliest stages of medical quackery in this country, up through 1906, the year that the first significant regulatory legislation was enacted. The present volume begins where The<i>Toadstool Millionaire</i>left off. In the six decades elapsing since 1906, there has been enormous progress in medical science and education, but there has also been analogous progress in quackery promotion. In 20 well-written chapters, including one that sketches the earlier background, Young discusses in considerable detail a variety of nostrums, gadgets, and fraudulent claims. The book opens with a discussion of "Cuforhedake Braine Fude" (containing 24% alcohol), the first case tried under the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act. The promoter made $2 million. He was fined $700. But the government gained an important
Neuropathology of transgenic HD animal models
Authors: Xiaojiang Li, Shihua Li
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Background Identification of the polyglutamine expansion in huntingtin (htt) responsible for Huntington disease (HD) has allowed the establishment of a variety of transgenic mouse models of HD. Although these mouse models have been widely used to uncover the pathogenesis of HD and to develop its treatments, most of these mouse models show no overt neurodegeneration in their brains. Similarly, transgenic mouse models for other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases do not display obvious apoptosis or significant neurodegeneration either.
Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in north-east Scotland.
Authors: D I Shepherd, A W Downie
Journal: BMJ (1978)

receptor content to equal extent but has a larger effect on rapidly proliferating cells than on slowly growing cells.'Recent data show that receptor-negative human breast cancers generally have a higher growth rate, as indicated by a higher labelling index and mitotic index.6The conclusions by Lipmann et al may therefore have to be amplified to state that human breast cancers with low oestrogen receptor content usually are the more rapidly growing tumours and consequently are relatively more sensitive to cytostatic treatment.