tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peripheral and Renal Venous Plasma Renin Activity in Hypertension
Authors: J. CAULIE GUNNELLS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

One hundred eleven patients including 58 with normal renal arteries and 53 with renal artery lesions were studied with emphasis on the value of peripheral and renal venous plasma renin activity (PRA) to detect "significant" renovascular disease. The combination of an elevated peripheral PRA associated with a greater than twofold difference in renal venous PRA predicted the successful reduction in blood pressure in all patients with these combined abnormalities. A greater than twofold difference in renal venous PRA associated with a normal peripheral PRA was less reliable, predicting a reduction in blood pressure after surgery in only 50% of these patients. A rare patient with both normal peripheral and renal venous PRA has been shown to respond to surgery, and likewise an occasional patient with elevated peripheral PRA as well as an abnormal renal venous ratio will fail to achieve blood pressure reduction after surgery. In all patients with benign essential hypertension, normal peripheral PRA was observed with a wide scatter of individual renal venous PRA; however, a greater than twofold difference in renal venous PRA was noted in only 8%, thereby supporting the usefulness of renin values in these patients and providing a base line for comparison with other hypertensive diseases.
Elevated concentrations of CCR7 ligands in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia
Authors: S. Nureki, E. Miyazaki, T. Ishi, T. Ito, R. Takenaka, M. Ando, T. Kumamoto
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Background Previous studies suggest that dendritic cells and macrophages play an important role in inflammation of eosinophilic pneumonia. The mechanism of dendritic cell and macrophage accumulation into the lung, however, is unknown. Here, we hypothesized that CCR7 ligands, CCL19 and CCL21, contribute to the accumulation of dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages in the inflamed lung of patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. Methods Concentrations of the CCR7 ligands as well as CCL16, CCL17 and CCL22 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 53 patients with eosinophilic pneumonia, 29 patients with sarcoidosis, 18 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and 12 healthy volunteers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell sources of CCR7 ligands and CCR7-expressing cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. Results CCL19 and CCL21 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly higher in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia than in controls. Levels of CCL19, but not CCL21, were statistically correlated with the levels of CCL16, CCL17 and CCL22 in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. Immunocytochemistry revealed CCL19 expression in dendritic cells, macrophages and T-lymphocytes harvested from patients with eosinophilic pneumonia, and CCR7 expression in dendritic cells and macrophages. Levels of CCL19, but not CCL21, were significantly decreased after remission in patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. After provocation tests, CCL19 levels were elevated in all patients with eosinophilic pneumonia. Conclusions These findings indicate that CCL19 rather than CCL21 may contribute to the accumulation of dendritic cells and macrophages in the inflamed lungs of patients with eosinophilic pneumonia.
Reduced Red Cell 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate and Adenosine Triphosphate, Hypophosphatemia, and Increased Hemoglobin-Oxygen Affinity after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: JERALD A. YOUNG, MARSHALL A. LICHTMAN, JULES COHEN, Marion Murphy
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Serum inorganic phosphorous was decreased significantly on the third postoperative day following cardiac surgery in 18 patients initially studied. Reduced plasma inorganic phosphate has been shown to cause a reduced concentration of red cell organic phosphates, an important determinant of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity. Therefore, 10 consecutive patients were studied to determine if reduced 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration and increased hemoglobin-oxygen affinity accompanied the fall in serum inorganic phosphate concentration. A significant fall in 2,3-DPG and an increase in hemoglobin-oxygen affinity was present in red cells of patients studied on the first postoperative day. A reduction in red cell ATP was also present and persisted for 5 days during which time red cell 2,3-DPG returned to levels which were in excess of preoperative values. The reduction in serum inorganic phosphorous followed the reduction in red cell 2,3-DPG and correlated with the reduction in ATP. The latter changes may indicate the diversion of glucose and more specifically 1,3-DPG into the Rapoport-Leubering pathway away from ATP generation at the phosphoglycerate kinase step and the utilization of plasma inorganic phosphate for 2,3-DPG resynthesis. Neither the transfusion of stored blood nor the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass fully explained the reduction in red cell 2,3-DPG and the inefficiency of hemoglobin function postoperatively. Further studies in postsurgical patients are needed to clarify the cause of the changes observed since they are potentially deleterious, especially in the subject with compromised cardiovascular and pulmonary function.
US Graduate Medical Education, 1999-2000
Authors: Sarah E. Brotherton, Frank A. Simon, Sandra C. Tomany
Journal: JAMA (2000)

This report examines data collected through the American Medical Association Annual Survey of Graduate Medical Education Programs for 1999-2000 and compares these data with similar data collected during the past several years. The number of resident physicians enrolled during 1999-2000 was 606 more than during the previous year; graduates of US osteopathic medical schools (USDOs) had the greatest proportional increase (5.2%). The number of physicians entering graduate medical education (GME) for the first time in 1999-2000 (n = 22,320) also increased, with the number of USDOs increasing the most, by 14.5%, followed by international medical graduates (IMGs) at 6.5%. Between academic years 1998-1999 and 1999-2000, the number of physicians with prior US GME occupying first-year positions for which prior GME was not required (GY1 positions) increased by more than 300 (12%). Compared with graduates of US allopathic and osteopathic medical schools (USMGs), IMGs were more likely to seek additional training after graduating from a program. However, this was not true of IMGs who were US citizens or who had been naturalized or had permanent residency status. For the second year in a row, the number of white graduates of US allopathic medical schools (USMDs) entering GME has declined (2.0%), while the number of Hispanic GY1 USMDs has increased by 10.5%. The number of Asian GY1 USMDs increased steadily (11.0%) but the number of blacks decreased by 7.1% from 1998-1999. Growth continues, both in numbers and in heterogeneity of physicians in training, and must be considered in the future development of policy to guide US GME.
The Medical Almanac: A Calendar of Dates of Significance to the Medical Profession
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Pasquale Accardo has devised a method to compress an enormous number of facts about physicians and medicine into a small volume. This information, imparted with humor, ranges from amusing tidbits to items concerning Nobel prize winners. The task must have required many years but has been accomplished in a very simple way. Physicians or persons who write about medicine have produced something of interest nearly every day in one year or another. Therefore, under each of the 365 days from January 1 through December 31, Accardo has added one to a half-dozen entries on major topics that will be of great interest to all physicians and students of medicine. He has included nearly a hundred illustrations. The result is an almanac that is a delight to read, with a collection of facts that can enliven dinner table conversation every night of the year. The diverse interests of the physicians mentioned
SALVARSAN IN PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA
Authors: E. F. Maynard
Journal: BMJ (1913)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following SALVARSAN IN PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
A Practical Guide to Multimodality Imaging of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Gerald S. Bloomfield, Linda D. Gillam, Rebecca T. Hahn, Samir Kapadia, Jonathon Leipsic, Stamatios Lerakis, Murat Tuzcu, Pamela S. Douglas
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Field Test of Galactosemia Screening Methods in Newborn Infants
Authors: Ernest Beutler
Journal: JAMA (1967)

GALACTOSEMIA is an inborn error of carbohydrate metabolism characterized by the development of malnutrition, cirrhosis of the liver, cataracts, and mental retardation. It is due to absence of the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase, an enzyme necessary for the normal metabolism of dietary galactose. Galactosemic infants treated promptly with a galactose-free diet develop normally. If, however, the diagnosis of galactosemia is delayed, permanent damage results. In contrast to phenylketonuria, a disorder for which extensive screening programs are already under way, and are mandatory in some states, large-scale screening of infants for galactosemia has not previously been reported, although two methods employing radioactive galactose have been published and their use for screening suggested.<sup>12</sup>The recent development of two new methods for the detection of galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency in whole blood has made possible for the first time direct screening for the enzyme defect at low cost and without the use
AN IMPROVED METHODOF TREATING HIGH-SEATED CANCERS OF THE RECTUM.
Authors: ROBERT F. WEIB
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Many will agree with me, I fancy, in considering the Kraske operation a very unsatisfactory one for the removal of the high-seated cancers of the rectum. In addition to the depth of the wound, the more or less jagged invasion of the peritoneal cavity, the possible difficulty of satisfactorily drawing down the upper portion of the bowel, and, finally, the trouble that is involved in the proper suturing of the preserved anal portion to the proximal end, all render it. with its annoying hemorrhage, an operation that is often, in my judgment and experience, troublesome and devoid of surgical neatness and precision. It is true that within four or five inches from the anus the affected part of the bowel can be easily reached and removed with the creation, if the anus is involved, of a fairly satisfactory sacral artificial anus. But if the anus, and say two inches of
GABA induces the differentiation of small into large cholangiocytes by activation of Ca2+/CaMK I-dependent adenylyl cyclase 8
Authors: Romina Mancinelli, Antonio Franchitto, Shannon Glaser, Fanyin Meng, Paolo Onori, Sharon DeMorrow, Heather Francis, Julie Venter, Guido Carpino, Kimberley Baker, Yuyan Han, Yoshiyuki Ueno, Eugenio Gaudio, Gianfranco Alpini
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Abstract Large, but not small, cholangiocytes (1) secrete bicarbonate by interaction with secretin receptors (SRs) through activation of cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR), Cl − /HCO 3 − (apex) anion exchanger 2 (Cl − /HCO 3 − AE2), and adenylyl cyclase (AC)8 (proteins regulating large biliary functions) and (2) proliferate in response to bile duct ligation (BDL) by activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. Small, mitotically dormant cholangiocytes are activated during damage of large cholangiocytes by activation of D- myo -inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) I. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) affects cell functions by modulation of Ca 2+ -dependent signaling and AC. We hypothesized that GABA induces the differentiation of small into large cholangiocytes by the activation of Ca 2+ /CaMK I-dependent AC8. In vivo , BDL mice were treated with GABA in the absence or presence of 1,2-bis-(o-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, tetraacetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM) or N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphtalenesulfonamide (W7) before evaluating apoptosis and intrahepatic bile ductal mass (IBDM) of small and large cholangiocytes. In vitro , control- or CaMK I-silenced small cholangiocytes were treated with GABA for 3 days before evaluating apoptosis, proliferation, ultrastructural features, and the expression of CFTR, Cl − /HCO 3 − AE2, AC8, and secretin-stimulated cAMP levels. In vivo administration of GABA induces the apoptosis of large, but not small, cholangiocytes and decreases large IBDM, but increased de novo small IBDM. GABA stimulation of small IBDM was blocked by BAPTA/AM and W7. Subsequent to GABA in vitro treatment, small cholangiocytes de novo proliferate and acquire ultrastructural and functional phenotypes of large cholangiocytes and respond to secretin. GABA-induced changes were prevented by BAPTA/AM, W7, and stable knockdown of the CaMK I gene. Conclusion : GABA damages large, but not small, cholangiocytes that differentiate into large cholangiocytes. The differentiation of small into large cholangiocytes may be important in the replenishment of the biliary epithelium during damage of large, senescent cholangiocytes. (HEPATOLOGY 2013;)
Markers for Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease Risk—Reply
Authors: Joseph Yeboah, Philip Greenland, David M. Herrington
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prediction of Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia Inducible by Programmed Stimulation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Alfred E. Buxton, Gail E. Hafley, Michael H. Lehmann, Michael Gold, Michael O’Toole, Anthony Tang, James Coromilas, Bruce Hook, Nicholas J. Stamato, Kerry L. Lee
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Cardiologists often use clinical variables to determine the need for electrophysiological studies to stratify patients for risk of sudden death. It is not clear whether this is rational in patients with coronary artery disease, left ventricular dysfunction, and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Methods and Results —We analyzed the first 1721 patients enrolled in the Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial to determine whether clinical variables could predict which patients would have inducible sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. The rate of inducibility of sustained ventricular tachycardia was significantly higher in patients with a history of myocardial infarction and in men compared with women. There was a progressively increased rate of inducibility with increasing numbers of diseased coronary arteries. There was a significantly lower rate of inducibility in patients with prior coronary artery bypass surgery and in patients who also had noncoronary cardiac disease. The rate of inducibility was higher in patients of white race, patients with recent (≤6 weeks) angina, left ventricular dyskinesis, and in patients with greater numbers of fixed thallium defects. Inducibility was more likely in patients who had a prior myocardial infarction complicated by congestive heart failure, ventricular tachycardia, or fibrillation ≤48 hours after the onset of infarction. Although these associations are statistically significant, the accuracy of the clinical variables in discriminating between patients with and those without inducible ventricular tachycardia is only modest (receiver operator characteristic area &lt;0.70). Conclusions —Multiple clinical variables are independently associated with inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia. However, they have limited utility to guide clinical decisions regarding the use of electrophysiological testing for risk stratification in this patient population.
SOLUBLE ST2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED MORTALITY AND RECLASSIFIES RISK IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Jared G. Breyley, Eric Novak, Anna M. Wittenberg, Alan Zajarias, Hersh Maniar, Ralph Damiano, Marc Moon, Jennifer Lawton, Brian Lindman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Histologic and Clinical Correlation.
Authors: H. Nagaya
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Histologic and Clinical Correlation.H. Nagaya, M.D., H. O. Sieker, M.D., F.A.C.P.H. Nagaya, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, H. O. Sieker, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-840_6 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWe reported previously 20 patients with radiological evidence of pulmonary fibrosis and coexisting antinuclear factor. In one of three patients with histological diagnosis of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis of Hamman-Rich type, IgM deposition was demonstrated in the alveolar septa. Subsequently, we studied three additional patients with tissue diagnosis of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and serum antinuclear factor. In reviewing the histopathology of the lungs of these six patients, several characteristic changes emerged that might be of pathogenetic significance. Adjacent to fibrosing alveolar septa there were always areas of predominantly lymphocytic infiltrate with accompanying plasma cells and eosinophils. In some, fibrotic changes were... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: H. Nagaya, M.D.; H. O. Sieker, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Durham, N.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 840-841KeywordsEosinophilsHistopathologyLungsPathogensPlasma cellsPulmonary fibrosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute necrotizing pancreatitis, gastric ischemia, and portal venous gas complicating intragastric balloon placement
Authors: R. Vongsuvanh, H. Pleass, D. van der Poorten
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Endoscopic intragastric balloon (IGB) placement is associated with complications, the most serious including bowel obstruction. The Spatz adjustable balloon system (ABS) (FGIA Inc., New York, New York, USA), with a non-collapsible catheter, was designed to decrease the risk of balloon migration and bowel obstruction. We report the first case of severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis with gastric ischemia and hepatic portal venous gas following migration of a Spatz balloon catheter into the duodenum.
Legal action by patient forces trust to make u turn over non-NHS community health services
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

IDO is the rate-limiting enzyme in the kynurenine pathway, catabolizing tryptophan to kynurenine. Tryptophan depletion by IDO-expressing tumors is a common mechanism of immune evasion inducing regulatory T cells and inhibiting effector T cells. Because mammalian cells cannot synthesize tryptophan, it remains unclear how IDO<sup>+</sup> tumor cells overcome the detrimental effects of local tryptophan depletion. We demonstrate that IDO<sup>+</sup> tumor cells express a novel amino acid transporter, which accounts for ∼50% of the tryptophan uptake. The induced transporter is biochemically distinguished from the constitutively expressed tryptophan transporter System L by increased resistance to inhibitors of System L, resistance to inhibition by high concentrations of most amino acids tested, and high substrate specificity for tryptophan. Under conditions of low extracellular tryptophan, expression of this novel transporter significantly increases tryptophan entry into IDO<sup>+</sup> tumors relative to tryptophan uptake through the low-affinity System L alone, and further decreases tryptophan levels in the microenvironment. Targeting this additional tryptophan transporter could be a way of pharmacological inhibition of IDO-mediated tumor escape. These findings highlight the ability of IDO-expressing tumor cells to thrive in a tryptophan-depleted microenvironment by expressing a novel, highly tryptophan-specific transporter, which is resistant to inhibition by most other amino acids. The additional transporter allows tumor cells to strike the ideal balance between supply of tryptophan essential for their own proliferation and survival, and depleting the extracellular milieu of tryptophan to inhibit T cell proliferation.
The landscape of somatic mutations in Down syndrome–related myeloid disorders
Authors: Kenichi Yoshida, Tsutomu Toki, Yusuke Okuno, Rika Kanezaki, Yuichi Shiraishi, Aiko Sato-Otsubo, Masashi Sanada, Myoung-ja Park, Kiminori Terui, Hiromichi Suzuki, Ayana Kon, Yasunobu Nagata, Yusuke Sato, RuNan Wang, Norio Shiba, Kenichi Chiba, Hiroko Tanaka, Asahito Hama, Hideki Muramatsu, Daisuke Hasegawa, Kazuhiro Nakamura, Hirokazu Kanegane, Keiko Tsukamoto, Souichi Adachi, Kiyoshi Kawakami, Koji Kato, Ryosei Nishimura, Shai Izraeli, Yasuhide Hayashi, Satoru Miyano, Seiji Kojima, Etsuro Ito, Seishi Ogawa
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
'If We're So Good, Why Aren't We Better?' Social Expectations of Medicine in the 1980s
Authors: Don E. Detmer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

As we enter a new decade, it is timely to reflect on some of the changing health needs and expectations of our patients. These needs and expectations are necessarily mandating changes in the attitudes and habits of today's physicians, changes that should be incorporated into formal medical education.  What are the changing expectations regarding the manner in which health care is provided? First, far more people are interested in knowing far more about their medical problems. The explosion in medical knowledge has generated a parallel eruption of curiosity about medicine. More patients want to share the responsibility for their medical treatment; fewer and fewer are of the Don't-tell-me-about-it, just-fix-me-up, Doc mentality. They want to be treated as subjects rather than as objects; with concern and candor rather than with ostensible or real condescension.  More patients will wish to be convinced that their physician does, indeed, know of what he speaks,
TCT-291 Randomized Comparison of Low (2500 IU) versus Standard (5000 IU) Heparin Dose for Prevention of Forearm Artery Occlusion after Coronary Angiography
Authors: George Hahalis, Ioanna Xanthopoulou, Grigorios Tsigkas, Ioannis Christodoulou, Georgios Almpanis, Nikolaos Grapsas, Ioanna Koniari, Georgia Christopoulou, Periklis Davlouros, Dimitrios Alexopoulos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)