tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FDG PET in Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) of the Pericardium
Authors: Peeyush Bhargava, Elizabeth Glass, Jeffrey Brown, Elizabeth Eapen, Elizabeth Ames
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

We present the FDG PET images of a 49-year-old male AIDS patient with a history of Kaposi sarcoma who presented with increasing shortness of breath. The computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest showed a massive pericardial effusion, which was tapped. There was no other clinical or radiologic evidence (otherwise negative CT scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis) of lymphoma. A whole-body PET scan was performed after the intravenous administration of 11.0 mCi of F-18 FDG. The images showed physiological uptake in the myocardium, a photopenic defect around the heart corresponding to the pericardial effusion, lined by a hypermetabolic pericardium, consistent with neoplastic involvement. There was no other evidence of active neoplastic disease. Histopathologic analysis of the pericardial fluid showed findings characteristic of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and chemotherapy was started.
ACUTE HAEMORRHAGIC PANCREATITIS WITH TUBERCULOUS DISEASE OF PANCREAS
Authors: J. A. M. Cameron, M. Gillespie
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TUBERCULOSIS of tlhe pancreas, appeairiig eitlher in the iniliary form or as a tuberculomia, is an unicommon post- mlortemn finding, and in cases sielh as the followinig, where a tuberculous process pr odueed ani acute haemorrhagic plaCreatitis, a velry unusual coniditionl is encountered.Clinical History.--Amale patient, aged 66, was admitted to Dr. Douglas Russell's wards at the Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow, on July 22nd, 1928, deeply cyanosed and collapsed.Until the age of 42 lie was stated to have beeni a iiormally hcaltliy man, but at that time lie had an illness, the niature of wliicli we could iiot discover, which subsequently left him in inidifferent healtlh.Two and a half years ago he had brocilio-pneumonia, became still nmore debilitated, and for five days before admission he had been uniable
Higher prevalence of anemia with diabetes mellitus in moderate kidney insufficiency: The Kidney Early Evaluation Program
Authors: Tarek M. El-Achkar, Suzanne E. Ohmit, Peter A. Mccullough, Errol D. Crook, Wendy W. Brown, Richard Grimm, George L. Bakris, William F. Keane, John M. Flack
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Preventive behaviours regarding tick bites
Authors: R. Crutzen, D. Beaujean
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Due and colleagues provide an insightful overview of tick bite prevention and tick removal.1 However, we would like to raise three matters related to prevention.

Firstly, preventive strategies include avoidance of tick infested areas, use of protective clothing (such as wearing long sleeved shirts and long trousers), routine body checks for …
Purging with paracetamol: report of four cases.
Authors: J. Tiller, J. Treasure
Journal: BMJ (1992)

colder solution.Warming lignocaine may reduce the latent period as a consequence of temperature related changes in the pKa of lignocaine,9 resulting in a faster onset of neuronal blockade, inhibiting impulse con- duction before the noxious stimulus is fully appreci- ated.A similar theory has been proposed for the reduction in the pain of injection after the alkalinisation of local anaesthetic solutions.'0Indeed, it has been suggested that bicarbonate may be added to reduce the discom- fort associated with injection of local anaesthetic agents."However, unlike the relatively simple process of warming, this entails mixing the two solutions, resulting in a reduction of solubility and possibly a reduction in stability.'2Although the technique of warming lignocaine to 37°C before injection has been adopted by dental practitioners, it has unfortunately not received wide- spread acceptance by the medical profession.We strongly recommend that all practitioners should adopt this technique to minimise patients' discomfort.We thank all our volunteers, especially the officers and paramedic trainees from the Scottish Ambulance National Training Centre, Glasgow.
American Academy of Dermatology Consensus Conference on the safe and optimal use of isotretinoin: summary and recommendations
Authors: None Lowell A. Goldsmith, Jean L. Bolognia, Jeffrey P. Callen, Suephy C. Chen, Steven R. Feldman, Henry W. Lim, Anne W. Lucky, Barbara R. Reed, Elaine C. Siegfried, Diane M. Thiboutot, Ronald G. Wheeland
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)
Does Exercise Prevent Osteoporosis?
Authors: Jon E. Block
Journal: JAMA (1987)

WITH THE emergence of osteoporosis as a major public health concern, increasing attention has been given to the development and testing of strategies aimed at ameliorating this condition. Although one day effective therapeutic regimens may play a major role in the treatment arsenal, current progress in this area has met with mixed success. Consequently, many researchers and policymakers support the use of exercise as a potential strategy for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Clearly, exercise does not carry the negative stigma often associated with other preventive interventions such as estrogen replacement, and in light of recent evidence questioning the role of calcium supplementation at the menopause, 1,2 exercise has assumed a more recognized place in the array of probable preventive strategies.  The assumption that exercise prevents osteoporosis has for years been a widely held belief by many of the leading workers in the osteoporosis field 3-6 ; concordant with these views,
How Sensitive Is the Association between Ozone and Daily Deaths to Control for Temperature?
Authors: Joel Schwartz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Air pollution has been associated with changes in daily mortality.Generally, studies use Poisson regression, with complicated modeling strategies, to control for season and weather, raising concerns that the results may be sensitive to these modeling protocols. For studies of ozone, weather control is a particular problem because high ozone days are generally quite hot.The case-crossover approach converts this problem into a case-control study, where the control for each person is the same person on a day near in time, when he or she did not die. This method controls for season and individual risk factors by matching. One can also choose the control day to have the same temperature as the event day.I have applied this approach to a study of more than 1 million deaths in 14 U.S. cities.I found that, with matching on temperature, a 10-ppb increase in maximum hourly ozone concentrations was associated with a 0.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01%, 0.44%) increase in the risk of dying. This finding was indistinguishable from the risk when only matching on season and controlling for temperature with regression splines (0.19%; 95% CI 03%, 0.35%). Control for suspended particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 mum or less (PM(10)) did not change this risk. However, the association was restricted to the warm months (0.37% increase; 95% CI 0.11%, 0.62%), with no effect in the cold months.The association between ozone and mortality risk is unlikely to be caused by confounding by temperature.
Policy Recommendations Expected From Meeting on Unintentional Injuries in Adolescents
Authors: Virginia S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ADOLESCENTS ARE a unique patient population in the United States. And, because an estimated 55% to 79% of all deaths in this age group are the result of injuries, the American Medical Association (AMA) recently sponsored a conference in Chicago on unintentional injuries in adolescents. Alan Engelberg, MD, MPH, director of the AMA's Department of Public Health, says this conference is the first step in producing specific recommendations for national public policy directed at preventing injuries in adolescents. Since the conference, the AMA's Council on Scientific Affairs has decided to focus on three topics. The first is whether trauma systems are meeting special adolescent needs. Second will be a statement of what constitutes a "mature minor" for the sake of giving consent to medical treatment. The third topic is how adolescents react to serious injuries or deaths among their peers. (Engelberg says there are no guidelines for schools to follow
ECZEMA EPILANS: ? A VARIETY OF DERMATITIS ATROPHICANS MACULOSA
Authors: J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, J. FERGUSON SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1943)

Journal Article ECZEMA EPILANS: ? A VARIETY OF DERMATITIS ATROPHICANS MACULOSA Get access J. H. TWISTON DAVIES, J. H. TWISTON DAVIES Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. FERGUSON SMITH J. FERGUSON SMITH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 55, Issue 2, 1 February 1943, Pages 39–45, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1943.tb10734.x Published: 01 February 1943
Developmental toxicology of cadmium in living embryos of a stable transgenic zebrafish line.
Authors: Scott R Blechinger, James T Warren, John Y Kuwada, Patrick H Krone
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The toxic effects of cadmium and other heavy metals have been well established, and many of these and other environmental pollutants are known to be embryotoxic or teratogenic. However, it has proven difficult to identify individual cells that respond to toxicants among the wide range of cell populations in an intact animal, particularly during early development when cells are continually changing their molecular and physiologic characteristics as they differentiate. Here we report the establishment of an in vivo system that uses hsp70 gene activation as a measure of cadmium toxicity in living early larvae of transgenic zebrafish carrying a stably integrated hsp70-enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter gene. We demonstrate that eGFP expression in this strain of fish acts as an accurate and reproducible indicator of cell-specific induction of hsp70 gene expression. Furthermore, the transgene responds in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations similar to those observed for morphologic indicators of early-life-stage toxicity and is sensitive enough to detect cadmium at doses below the median combined adverse effect concentration and the median lethal concentration. The stable nature of this transgenic line should allow for extremely rapid and reproducible toxicologic profiling of embryos and larvae throughout development.
High-Dose Chemotherapy As Adjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer: Could There Be a Survival Benefit?
Authors: Mauro Moroni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Results of the recent meta-analysis by Berry et al 1 provide evidence that high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with hematopoietic stem-cell support prolongs relapse-free survival but does not improve overall survival in patients with high-risk primary breast cancer.In my opinion, a clinical point that needs to be stressed further is the striking 6% rate of death resulting from toxicity in the HDC group (procedure related, in most cases).The high mortality rate is attributable, at least in part, to the use of bone marrow as a source of stem cells in some patients and the highly toxic high-dose regimens (ie, carmustine containing) 2 used in early studies.When patients whose deaths were attributed to toxicity were excluded, an HDC advantage in terms of overall survival was also observed.These data are clinically relevant, because HDC with peripheral-blood stem-cell support is today a safe procedure 3 with a mortality rate and quality-adjusted survival parameters 4 similar to those of conventional therapies.Furthermore, as pointed out by Berry et al, 1 the control arms of some studies (eg, those by the Scandinavian Breast Group 5 and Southwest Oncology Group 2 ) have involved nonconventional treatment with increased dose intensity.It would be interesting to know the survival data of only those studies-the vast majority-in which real, conventional control arms have been used.
The different process of class switching and somatic hypermutation; a novel analysis by CD27− naive B cells
Authors: Haruo Nagumo, Kazunaga Agematsu, Norimoto Kobayashi, Koji Shinozaki, Sho Hokibara, Hisashi Nagase, Masaya Takamoto, Kozo Yasui, Kazuo Sugane, Atsushi Komiyama
Journal: Blood (2002)
MEDICOLEGAL APPLICATION OF THE BLOOD GROUP
Authors: J. ARTHUR BUCHANAN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The danger of using the blood group as a means of determining parentage in cases of suspected or known illegitimacy arises from the difficulty in establishing the origin of the particular blood group in each instance. The danger rests solely in the transmission of an unexpected blood group through the germ plasm of a heterozygous parent. The heterozygous status of a parent cannot be foretold today, except by a study of the offspring. The criteria established by Ottenberg<sup>1</sup>to govern the medicolegal application of the blood group are incorrect in some instances, and based on insufficient evidence in others. They would lead frequently to the miscarriage of justice when applied by a court in the adjustment of a dispute concerning parentage. The families used by Ottenberg in formulating his criteria are too small in most instances to justify any conclusions. Ottenberg has established certain definite laws in connection with
Collagen and Collagen-derived Fragments Are Chemotactic for Tumor Cells
Authors: Gregory R. Mundy, Sandra Demartino, David W. Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Organs that are rich in collagen such as liver, lungs, and bone are frequently sites of tumor cell metastasis. In this study, we have found that cultured tumor cells of human and rat origin migrated unidirectionally in response to collagen in vitro. Synthetic di- and tri-peptides that contained amino acid sequences found frequently in the collagen helix caused similar effects. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that collagen or collagen fragments released during connective tissue remodeling may be important in tumor cell metastasis.
Cirrhosis Associated with Partial Deficiency of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in an Adult
Authors: JOSE L. CAMPRA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

A 63-year-old woman developed ascites that led to a diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were found in hepatocytes on examination of liver biopsy specimens and were shown by immunofluorescent staining to be deposits of alpha-1 antitrypsin. She had a partial deficiency of serum alpha-1 antitrypsin, with a SZ phenotype for the Pi (protease inhibitor) system. Severe, homozygous alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is known to be associated with juvenile cirrhosis; we propose that a partial deficiency may be related to liver disease in adults.
Osmolal balance after open intracardiac operations in children
Authors: P. B. Deverall, D. C. Muss, F. J. Macartney, J. D. Settle
Journal: Thorax (1973)

<b>Deverall, P. B., Muss, D. C., Macartney, F. J., and Settle, J. D. (1973).</b><i>Thorax,</i><b>28,</b> 756-761. <b>Osmolal balance after open intracardiac operations in children.</b> Changes in plasma osmolality, urine osmolality, urine volume, total osmolal output, and free osmolal output have been studied in children between 2 and 10 years of age. All underwent elective open intracardiac operations. Plasma hypo-osmolality develops after operation, and this was not influenced by altering the osmolal concentration of the prime in the extracorporeal system nor was it affected by severe water restriction in the immediate postoperative period. During the first 48 hours a water diuresis was not seen even in the presence of marked plasma hypo-osmolality. Urine volume, urine osmolality, and solute concentration in the kidney are affected by both the perfusate prime and postoperative fluid regime. As the total osmolal output was the same in all study groups, there was an inverse relation between urine volume and urine osmolality. The data obtained show no evidence of postoperative renal dysfunction. Free osmolal output, a measure of solute and water excretion, showed a normal renal response to a solute load but an abnormal response to a water load. The data support the use of moderate haemodilution in the perfusate prime, the precise osmolal concentration not being of major importance. Postoperatively a regime of moderate fluid restriction is supported.
Early-life respiratory viral infections, atopic sensitization, and risk of subsequent development of persistent asthma
Authors: Merci M.H. Kusel, Nicholas H. de Klerk, Tatiana Kebadze, Vaike Vohma, Patrick G. Holt, Sebastian L. Johnston, Peter D. Sly
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)

Severe lower respiratory infections (LRIs) and atopic sensitization have been identified as independent risk factors for asthma.The nature of potential interactions between these risk factors was the subject of this study.A community-based cohort of 198 children at high atopic risk was followed from birth to 5 years. All episodes of acute respiratory illness in the first year were recorded and postnasal aspirates were collected for viral identification. History of wheeze and asthma was collected annually, and atopy was assessed at 6 months, 2 years, and 5 years.A total of 815 episodes of acute respiratory illness were reported, and 33% were LRIs. Viruses were detected in 69% of aspirates, most commonly rhinoviruses (48.3%) and respiratory syncytial virus (10.9%). At 5 years, 28.3% (n = 56) had current wheeze, and this was associated with wheezy [odds ratio (OR), 3.4 (1.2-9.7); P = .02] and/or febrile LRI [OR, 3.9 (1.4-10.5); P = .007], in particular those caused by respiratory syncytial virus or rhinoviruses [OR, 4.1 (1.3-12.6); P = .02]. Comparable findings were made for current asthma. Strikingly these associations were restricted to children who displayed early sensitization (< or =2 years old) and not observed in nonatopic patients or those sensitized later.These data suggest viral infections interact with atopy in infancy to promote later asthma. Notably the occurrence of both of these events during this narrow developmental window is associated with maximal risk for subsequent asthma, which suggests a contribution from both classes of inflammatory insults to disease pathogenesis.Protection of "high-risk" children against the effects of severe respiratory infections during infancy may represent an effective strategy for primary asthma prevention. The potential benefits of these strategies merit more careful evaluation in this age group.
Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Drug Development—Reply
Authors: Nicholas M. Mordwinkin, Andrew S. Lee, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Wells’ syndrome associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: T. BOGENRIEDER, D.P. GRIESE, R. SCHIFFNER, R. BÜTTNER, G.A.J. RIEGGER, U. HOHENLEUTNER, M. LANDTHALER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Wells' syndrome, or eosinophilic cellulitis, is characterized by recurrent cutaneous swellings which resemble acute bacterial cellulitis, and by distinctive histopathological changes. Skin lesions show dermal eosinophilic infiltration and the characteristic 'flame figures', which are composed of eosinophil major protein deposited on collagen bundles. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is a multisystem disease with a high mortality rate. It is characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophilic infiltration of many organs, including the skin. The most common skin lesions are pruritic maculopapules and nodules over the trunk and limbs, with urticaria and angio-oedema. In contrast to Wells' syndrome, the pathology of these skin lesions is non-specific with variable eosinophil infiltration. We report overlapping clinical and histopathological findings characteristic of both syndromes in one patient. Our data favour the hypothesis that both syndromes represent an abnormal eosinophilic, response to a variety of underlying diseases or causative agents and thus are different expressions of one disease entity linked to the immunobiology of eosinophils.
Adenosine triphosphate-dependent transport of doxorubicin, daunomycin, and vinblastine in human tissues by a mechanism distinct from the P-glycoprotein.
Authors: S Awasthi, S S Singhal, S K Srivastava, P Zimniak, K K Bajpai, M Saxena, R Sharma, S A Ziller, E P Frenkel, S V Singh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Previous studies have demonstrated that a human glutathione conjugate transporter, designated as dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione ATPase (DNP-SG ATPase), catalyzed ATP hydrolysis in the presence of several amphiphilic compounds other than glutathione conjugates (Singhal, S. S., R. Sharma, S. Gupta, H. Ahmad, P. Zimniak, A. Radominska, R. Lester, and Y. C. Awasthi. 1991. FEBS [Fed. Eur. Biochem. Soc.] Lett. 281:255-257). We now demonstrate that DNP-SG ATPase purified from human lung and erythrocyte membranes catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of doxorubicin and its metabolites. Doxorubicin-stimulated ATP hydrolysis by DNP-SG ATPase was saturable with respect to doxorubicin (Km 1.2 and 2.8 microM for the lung and erythrocyte enzymes, respectively). Antibodies against DNP-SG ATPase immunoprecipitated the ATP hydrolyzing activity stimulated by doxorubicin, its metabolites, and glutathione conjugates. Inside our vesicles prepared from erythrocyte membranes took up doxorubicin, daunomycin, and vinblastine in an ATP-dependent manner. The uptake was linear with respect to time and vesicle protein, was dependent on ATP and magnesium, was inhibited by heavy metal salts or by heating the vesicles, and was sensitive to both osmolarity and orientation of the vesicles. The transport had an activation energy of 13 kcal/mol, was saturable with respect to both doxorubicin and ATP (Km values of 1.8 microM and 1.9 mM, respectively), and was competitively inhibited by glutathione conjugates as well as by a number of amphiphiles such as daunomycin or vinblastine. Transport was diminished upon coating the vesicles with antibodies against DNP-SG ATPase. Incorporation of increasing amounts of purified DNP-SG ATPase into the vesicles resulted in a linear increase in transport of doxorubicin. These studies demonstrated for the first time that a membrane protein that catalyzed the transport of anionic amphiphilic molecules such as glutathione conjugates could also mediate the transport of weakly cationic antitumor antibiotic, doxorubicin. Notably, the Km of transport was in the range of doxorubicin concentration achievable in human serum after intravenous dosing of doxorubicin.