tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Roles of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 in murine lupus.
Authors: S L Peng, J Moslehi, J Craft
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The systemic autoimmune syndrome of MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice consists of severe pan-isotype hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production, lymphadenopathy, and immune complex-associated end-organ disease. Its pathogenesis has been largely attributed to helper alphabeta T cells that may require critical cytokines to propagate pathogenic autoantibody production. To investigate the roles of prototypical Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of murine lupus, IFN-gamma -/- and IL-4 -/- lupus-prone mice were generated by backcrossing cytokine knockout animals against MRL/lpr breeders. IFN-gamma -/- animals produced significantly reduced titers of IgG2a and IgG2b serum immunoglobulins as well as autoantibodies, but maintained comparable levels of IgG1 and IgE in comparison to cytokine-intact controls; in contrast, IL-4 -/- animals produced significantly less IgG1 and IgE serum immunoglobulins, but maintained comparable levels of IgG2a and IgG2b as well as autoantibodies in comparison to controls. Both IFN-gamma -/- and IL-4 -/- mice, however, developed significantly reduced lymphadenopathy and end-organ disease. These results suggest that IFN-gamma and IL-4 play opposing but dispensable roles in the development of lupus-associated hypergammaglobulinemia and autoantibody production; however, they both play prominent roles in the pathogenesis of murine lupus-associated tissue injury, as well as in lpr-induced lymphadenopathy.
Tc-99m HMPAO Leukocyte Uptake in Articular Gout
Authors: T HERRMANN, D. GRANJON, A LOBOGUERRERO, M DECOUSUS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A 56-year-old man with gout was admitted for fever and joint pain with an effusion of the right elbow. X-rays were normal. Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte imaging showed increased activity in the retro-olecranon bursa. The patient had a favorable response to colchicine.
Emotional Intelligence and Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Daisy Grewal
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Persistent phenotypic correction of central diabetes insipidus using adeno-associated virus vector expressing Arginine–Vasopressin in brattleboro rats
Authors: Junichi Ideno, Hiroaki Mizukami, Kazufumi Honda, Takashi Okada, Yutaka Hanazono, Akihiro Kume, Toshikazu Saito, Shun Ishibashi, Keiya Ozawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector is suitable for gene transfer to the central nervous system. However, the efficacy of gene therapy for neuroendocrine disease is still unknown. In this study, we injected AAV vector encoding arginine-vasopressin (AVP) stereotaxically into the bilateral hypothalamus of Brattleboro rats. Brattleboro rats show a central diabetes insipidus (CDI) phenotype and growth retardation due to a complete deficiency of AVP. Following injection, both urine volume and urine osmolality normalized, and these therapeutic effects persisted for more than 50 weeks. In addition to phenotypic correction, secretion of transgene-derived AVP was enhanced after 24 h water deprivation or hypertonic saline injection, and water diuresis was demonstrated after acute water loading. Also, reduced body weight and low plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels of Brattleboro rats were restored after AVP gene transduction, suggesting the importance of AVP in growth. These findings indicate that hypothalamic neurons of Brattleboro rats can produce and release mature AVP following AAV-mediated gene transduction, resulting in long-term phenotypic correction of CDI. Moreover, the fact that transgene-derived AVP was secreted adequately in response to stimuli, even if it was expressed constitutively, suggests advantages of gene therapy for neuroendocrine diseases and offers a basis to investigate AVP function.
Substituting Diagnostic Services
Authors: Carl L. Parrott
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Eisenberg et al 1 define the blood type and crossmatch and type and screen as substitutable tests. The type and screen characterizes the red blood cells of a particular patient/potential recipient in terms of the expression of certain major human blood group antigens and tests the same patient's serum for the presence of antibodies to a much larger group of commonly and less commonly expressed red blood cell antigens. The crossmatch, by contrast, assesses the degree of immunologic compatibility between a particular donor unit and a particular potential recipient.  For many years, certainly during the study period, the type and crossmatch has included an antibody screen, and the procedure might more accurately be described as a type, screen, and crossmatch. Since pooled screening red blood cells contain a great many more kinds of antigen than are expressed on the cells within an individual donor unit, the
TCT-552 Nitinol Selfexpanding Paclitaxel-eluting Stent is Useful in Endovascular Therapy for In-stent Restenosis after Superficial Femoral Artery Stenting
Authors: Hideyuki Takimura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Tamon Kato, Norihiro Kobayashi, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinsuke Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Takuro Takama, Hiroya Takafuji, Takahiro Tokuda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
An endometrial factor in unexplained infertility.
Authors: R A Graham, M W Seif, J D Aplin, T C Li, I D Cooke, A W Rogers, P Dockery
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To study a group of women with unexplained infertility to see whether they have a defect that is intrinsic to the endometrium.Evaluation of the functional response of the endometrium by examining endometrial biopsy specimens using immunohistochemical methods in a group of women with unexplained infertility and in a control group of women with normal fertility.27 Women with unexplained infertility (average age 33.2); median duration of infertility five years. A control group of 44 women with normal fertility (average age 33.8) who were requesting sterilisation or reversal of sterilisation.Infertility clinic, Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield.Secretory phase endometrial biopsy specimens were taken, with informed consent, as an outpatient procedure.Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody D9B1, was used to assess the production and secretion of an oligosaccharide epitope produced by endometrial gland cells between two and seven days after the luteinising hormone surge. A reflected light measuring system was used to assess the amount of epitope within the gland cells, and in the gland lumen.In the control group of women, mean reflected light measurements at the cell base and cell apex peaked at three and five days after the luteinising hormone surge respectively, and in the gland lumen the epitope accumulated rapidly from three days, reaching a peak at seven days. In the women with infertility the peaks of epitope at the cell base and cell apex were lower, broader, and delayed in onset, and the build up of epitope in the gland lumen was retarded. The synthesis and secretion of the epitope in the women with infertility was therefore significantly reduced and delayed, even in the presence of normal concentrations of circulating progesterone.The results suggest that a primary dysfunction of the endometrium might be associated with hitherto unexplained infertility.
TLR-driven early glycolytic reprogramming via the kinases TBK1-IKKɛ supports the anabolic demands of dendritic cell activation
Authors: Bart Everts, Eyal Amiel, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang, Amber M Smith, Chih-Hao Chang, Wing Y Lam, Veronika Redmann, Tori C Freitas, Julianna Blagih, Gerritje J W van der Windt, Maxim N Artyomov, Russell G Jones, Erika L Pearce, Edward J Pearce
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
Changes in calcium responsiveness and handling during keratinocyte differentiation. Potential role of the calcium receptor.
Authors: D D Bikle, A Ratnam, T Mauro, J Harris, S Pillai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Extracellular calcium concentrations (Cao) > 0.1 mM are required for the differentiation of normal human keratinocytes in culture. Increments in Cao result in acute and sustained increases in the intracellular calcium level (Cai), postulated to involve both a release of calcium from intracellular stores and a subsequent increase in calcium influx through nonspecific cation channels. The sustained rise in Cai appears to be necessary for keratinocyte differentiation. To understand the mechanism by which keratinocytes respond to Cao, we measured the acute effects of Cao on Cai and calcium influx in keratinocytes at various stages of differentiation. We then demonstrated the existence of the calcium receptor (CaR) in keratinocytes and determined the effect of calcium-induced differentiation on its mRNA levels. Finally, we examined the role of Cai in regulating both the initial rise in Cai after the switch to higher Cao and the activity of the nonspecific cation channel through which calcium influx occurs. Our data indicate that the acute Cai response to Cao is lost as the cells differentiate and increase their basal Cai. These data correlated with the decrease in CaR mRNA levels in cells grown in low calcium. However, calcium influx as measured by 45Ca uptake increased with differentiation in 1.2mM calcium, consistent with the increase in CaR mRNA in these cells as well as the calcium-induced opening of the nonspecific cation channels. We conclude that the keratinocyte contains a CaR that regulates both the initial release of Cai from intracellular stores and the subsequent increase in calcium flux through nonspecific calcium channels. A rising level of Cai may turn off the release of calcium from intracellular stores while potentiating the influx through the nonspecific cation channels. Differentiation of keratinocytes appears to increase the CaR, which may facilitate the maintenance of the high Cai required for differentiation.
Clinical Trial Registration
Authors: Deborah A. Zarin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: In reply to the letter from Grass (Jan. 13 issue),1 we would like to clarify that www.clinicaltrials.gov was expanded in October 2004 to allow for the registration of any clinical trial that has been approved by a human subjects review board (or the equivalent) and that conforms to the regulations of the appropriate national or international health authority. We encourage investigators and sponsors of clinical trials that meet these criteria to register their trials at this Web site. In addition, current U.S. law mandates the registration of trials that are designed to evaluate the efficacy of drugs . . .
Btliics Again—The Milk in the Cocoa Nut.
Authors: W. W. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Richmond, Va., Oct. 21, 1893. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —At the annual meeting of the Medical Society of this State, held at Charlotteville October 3, the resolution offered by Dr. Upshur of Richmond, affirming our loyalty to the present code of ethics, was passed with only two dissenting votes—the move to "lay on the table" and his second, Dr. Hunter McGuire, made a strong speech in favor of the resolution, affirming that the medical men in New York who desired to "letdown the bars" were influenced solely by the selfish purpose of getting consultation fees from homeopaths. Very respectfully, Blank applications for membership in theAssociation, at theJournalOffice.
The NIH Appropriation
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

The Reagan administration's commitment to increase federal research and development spending substantially for national defense and the physical and engineering sciences has been parlayed by Congress — in a broadly bipartisan fashion — into a rationale for granting medical research an increase far larger than that sought by the President. In the process of crafting a fiscal 1985 budget for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that exceeds the administration's request by more than $500 million, Congress reaffirmed its long-standing commitment to medical research and sharply increased funding for investigator-initiated research grants — long the lifeblood of the agency.The . . .
Light chain editing generates polyreactive antibodies in chronic graft-versus-host reaction
Authors: Esther J. Witsch, Hong Cao, Hidehiro Fukuyama, Martin Weigert
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2006)

The chronic graft-versus-host (cGvH) reaction is a model of induced lupus caused by alloreactive CD4+ T cells from a Bm-12 mouse in a C57BL/6 recipient. We used this cGvH reaction in C57BL/6 anti-DNA H chain transgenic mice, 56R/B6, to understand the structure, specificity, and origin of the induced autoantibodies (auto-Abs). We found anti-DNA Abs that reacted to several different antigens, such as phosphatidylserine, myelin basic protein, thyroglobulin, histone, insulin, cytochrome C, and β-galactosidase. This polyreactivity was found for Abs from B cells that expressed the 56R H chain transgene with “editor” L chains that did not completely veto autoreactivity. We suggest that such incomplete editing results in polyreactivity and that incompletely edited polyreactive B cells influence the subsequent expression of pathogenic auto-Abs in disease. We also found B cells that coexpress κ and λ L chain. These B cells contributed to the autoimmune response and are possibly in the marginal zone of the spleen.
Managing urinary tract infections in children.
Authors: R. Maskell
Journal: BMJ (1989)

present funding, and in consequence the only demonstrable poverty in the NHS is that of information necessary to the planning of a major public enterprise.To inject an element of rationality we need to do several things.Firstly, clearly defined goals must be stated for the NHS and each of its services, going beyond simple minded statements about process efficiency or throughput and encompassing desired out- comes.5 Goals can be fully formulated only in the light of detailed knowledge about the distribution of preventable or treatable morbidity in the population.The determination of goals requires both professional and political input.Secondly, there must be obective evidence that currently available (and proposed) preventive options, diagnostic technologies, treatments, and caring services can meet our goals and give value for money.The methodology and skill for such evaluation exists, but the effort is poorly funded, fragmented, and little encouraged or used by health services management.Thirdly, those who engage in political debate must openly acknowledge that health care services beyond a certain level are a luxury-that is, the furtherance of human civilisation and culture does not depend on them.They must acknowledge the concept of diminishing returns and recognise that the fundamental determinants of health lie outside health services (genes, standard of living, and lifestyle).Thus the political issue boils down to how much we wish to afford and how we can assure that the money is spent wisely.Until these issues are considered by the government the debate among the opposition parties, health professionals, management, and the educa- ted public on health service resourcing will remain vacuous.
Bleeding Jejunal Stromal Tumor: Diagnosis by Capsule Endoscopy and Angiography
Authors: M. Pérez-Grueso, J. Valle, A. Repiso, J. Sánchez-Ruano, R. Sánchez-Simón, M. Alcántara, R. Rodríguez-Merlo, J. Carrobles
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Figure 1 A 39-year-old woman had been admitted into hospital because of melena. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy findings had been normal. Colonoscopy had shown dark blood in the right colon and terminal ileum but no bleeding lesions had been found. Capsule endoscopy showed a jet of fresh blood originating from a dark point in the jejunal mucosa (arrow).
Observations on SURGICAL DISEASES OF THE BILIARY TRACT
Authors: D. P. D. Wilkie
Journal: BMJ (1933)

Surgery of the gall-bladder may therefore have one or Observations more of three main indications.ON 1.To deal with an organ which is giving rise to trouble- SURGICAL DISEASES OF THE BILIARY some local symptoms.TRACT * 2. To remove a focus of infection causing metastatic trouble in distant organs and tissues.3. To remove a diseased organ which is potentially D. P.
1156 THE RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN RACK1 IS A SPECIFIC HOST FACTOR REQUIRED FOR IRES-MEDIATED TRANSLATION OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS
Authors: M.L. Hafirassou, K. Majzoub, S. Marzi, E. Crouchet, J.-L. Imler, T.F. Baumert, C. Schuster
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE OF SILDENAFIL DEPENDS ON LEFT VENTRICULAR CHAMBER STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Daisuke Morisawa, Shinichi Hirotani, Masataka Sugahara, Miho Fukui, Tomotaka ndo, Ayumi Nakabo, Yoshiro Naito, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Change in self-reported outcomes and objective physical function over 7 years in middle-aged subjects with or at high risk of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: E M Roos, A B Bremander, M Englund, L S Lohmander
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Objective: In the present work, we describe the clinical course and predictors of change in self-reported outcomes and objectively assessed physical function over time in middle-aged subjects at high risk of, or with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: We examined 259 subjects (mean (SD) age 52.6 (10.4)) at mean 18 and 25 years after previous meniscectomy and 50 population-based age- and sex-matched reference subjects with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), one-leg hop for distance and number of knee-bendings in 30 s. Radiographic OA was defined as equivalent to Kellgren and Lawrence grade 2 or worse. Results: At first assessment, meniscectomised subjects reported worse pain, function and quality of life compared with the reference group (p&lt;0.001). They also performed fewer knee-bendings per 30 s (27 vs 31, p = 0.02). The meniscectomised patients worsened over the 4–10-year observation time in all measured outcomes (p&lt;0.001), and to a greater extent than the reference group in pain (−5, 95% CI −10 to 0) and one-leg hop (−11, 95% CI −18 to −3). Being a woman, or having radiographic knee OA, enhanced the worsening in self-reported and objectively assessed outcomes. Older age and a higher body mass index (BMI) influenced objectively assessed physical function, but not self-reported outcomes. Conclusion: Worsening over time in knee-related pain and function is greater in meniscectomised subjects compared with reference subjects. Rehabilitative efforts may be warranted in middle-aged meniscectomised patients, especially in women and those who have developed radiographic knee OA, who are at greater risk of worsening.
Regions of acquired uniparental disomy at diagnosis of follicular lymphoma are associated with both overall survival and risk of transformation
Authors: Derville O'Shea, Ciarán O'Riain, Manu Gupta, Rachel Waters, Youwen Yang, David Wrench, John Gribben, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Lisa M. Rimsza, Harald Holte, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Nathalie A. Johnson, Elias Campo, Wing C. Chan, Randy D. Gascoyne, Bryan D. Young, Louis M. Staudt, T. Andrew Lister, Jude Fitzgibbon
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abstract 5447: Breast cancer chemoprevention by ‘Jamun’, the Indian blackberry: Potential mechanisms
Authors: Farrukh Aqil, Jeyaprakash Jeyabalan, Radha Munagala, Srivani Ravoori, Ramjee Sharma, Jasmeen Sidana, Inder P. Singh, Ramesh C. Gupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Dark-colored berries are gaining increasing attention lately for their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities. Jamun (Syzygium cumini L.), the Indian blackberry is perhaps the only berry that has the diversity of anthocyanins of blueberry and abundance of ellagic acid present in black raspberry. We previously reported chemoprotective activities in jamun pulp extract and powder in vitro and short-term in vivo studies (Aqil et al. AACR 2010, Vol. 51, Abst. # 5688). Here we report anti-cancer potential of jamun pulp powder against estrogen mediated breast cancer and the role of miRNAs and other targets in the disease inhibition. Groups of female ACI rats were given AIN-93M diet or diet supplemented with jamun pulp powder (5%, w/w). Two weeks later, animals from each group were treated with subcutaneous silastic implants of 17β-estradiol (1.2 cm; 9 mg). Additional groups of animals received control or experimental diet in the absence of estrogen. Diet and water were provided ad libitum. Twelve weeks later animals were palpated weekly for the mammary tumors, and all groups were euthanized when tumors incidence reached over 90% in control group. Compared to control, jamun-supplemented diet delayed the first tumor appearance by 21 days, and significantly reduced the tumor incidence (65% vs 96%), tumor burden (313±95 vs 661±123 mm3) and tumor multiplicity (1.8±0.3 vs 4.2±0.4 tumors/rat). The experimental diet also significantly reduced the estrogen-associated growth of pituitary prolactinomas, circulating prolactin and estradiol levels and the mammary cell proliferation (PCNA) markers. Mechanistically, the jamun diet significantly offset estrogen-associated increases in mammary cell proliferation, ER-α and cyclin D1 as determined by western blot analysis. We have recently identified ‘miRNA signature’ associated with estrogen treatment (Munagala et al. AACR 2011, Vol. 52, Abst. # 155). All miRNAs that were either significantly overexpressed (miR-182 and miR-375) or underexpressed (miR-127 and miR-206) as a result of estrogen treatment were significantly protected by intervention with the jamun diet. Targets for these miRNAs remain to be identified. Together, our data show that jamun significantly offset estrogen-mediated alterations in i) mammary cell proliferation; ii) ER-α; iii) cyclin D1, and iv) candidate miRNAs, and that the modulation of these biomarkers correlated with the reduction in mammary carcinogenicity. (Supported by CA-125152, CA-118114 and Agnes Brown Duggan Endowment). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5447. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5447