tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Future Need for Geriatric Manpower in the United States
Authors: Robert Kane, David Solomon, John Beck, Emmett Keeler, Rosalie Kane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Abstract Additional medical manpower will be required to meet the growth in the elderly segment of the United States population over the next 50 years. This paper provides estimates of the needs for medical geriatric manpower under four different models: continuation of the status quo; academic geriatricians only; provision of care by academic and consultant geriatricians; and provision of care by academic, consultant, and primary-care geriatric practitioners. Each option is further analyzed in terms of three levels of delegation to nonphysician clinicians. We project the implications of these 12 patterns through the year 2030, assuming present usage levels and allowing for improved care of the elderly. The need for geropsychiatric care is explored separately. We think that geriatricians should provide improved care, including both consultant and primary care, to people aged 75 years and older, and that they should delegate a moderate amount of responsibility to nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and social workers. On the basis of these assumptions, and allowing for an academic role as well, we estimate that the United States will require between 7000 and 10,300 geriatricians by the year 1990; the best intermediate figure is about 8000. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 302:1327–32.)
Incidence and consequences of ejection in motor vehicle accidents.
Authors: G. F. McCoy, R. A. Johnstone, I. W. Nelson, J. Kenwright, R. B. Duthie
Journal: BMJ (1988)

ankle jerks and vibration sense at the first metatarsophalangeal joint).Vibration perception threshold at the great toe was measured in 101 of the diabetic patients (23 with periosteal reaction) and was signifi- cantly higher in those with periosteal reactions (median 30 5 v 20 units, p<0O05).We thank Mrs J Papuga for typing the manuscript.
Laser irradiation of inoperable tumours of the colon and rectum.
Authors: A I Morris, N Krasner
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Laser irradiation of inoperable tumours of the colon and rectumLaser treatment of uppor gastrointestinal bleeding is of proved value,' as is treatment of oesophagogastric tumours.'We have also used laser irradiation to produce palliation in patients with inoperable primary or recurrent colorectal cancers who have had distressing symptoms.
Memory problems in an older person
Authors: K. Suresh, D. Smalley, Z. Walker
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A 73 year old woman is brought by her daughter with a one year history of worsening forgetfulness. She lives on her own and has been knocking on neighbours’ doors in the middle of the night saying she needs to go shopping.

History —Gather as much detail about the forgetfulness as possible from the patient and her daughter. When did it begin? How was it noticed? What does she forget? Is it getting worse? Does she have insight? Does she misidentify people? Does she have difficulty in looking after herself? Is she incontinent? Does she remember to take her medications? Is she anxious or depressed? Is she eating and drinking enough? Is she paying her bills? Does she have any major medical problems such as stroke, transient ischaemic attack, diabetes mellitus, Parkinson’s disease? Does she have any risk factors for cerebrovascular disease? Does she smoke or drink alcohol excessively? What medication is she taking? A more detailed assessment may be carried out at a later …
Autophagosome-Independent Essential Function for the Autophagy Protein Atg5 in Cellular Immunity to Intracellular Pathogens
Authors: Zijiang Zhao, Blima Fux, Megan Goodwin, Ildiko R. Dunay, David Strong, Brian C. Miller, Ken Cadwell, Monica A. Delgado, Marisa Ponpuak, Karen G. Green, Robert E. Schmidt, Noboru Mizushima, Vojo Deretic, L. David Sibley, Herbert W. Virgin
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2008)
Purified Graphene Oxide Dispersions Lack In Vitro Cytotoxicity and In Vivo Pathogenicity
Authors: Hanene Ali‐Boucetta, Dimitrios Bitounis, Rahul Raveendran‐Nair, Ania Servant, Jeroen Van den Bossche, Kostas Kostarelos
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

Abstract Prompted by the excitement from the description of single layer graphene, increased attention for potential applications in the biomedical field has been recently placed on graphene oxide (GO). Determination of the opportunities and limitations that GO offers in biomedicine are particularly prone to inaccuracies due to wide variability in the preparation methodologies of GO material in different laboratories, that results in significant variation in the purity of the material and the yield of the oxidation reactions, primarily the Hummers method used. Herein, the fabrication of highly pure, colloidally stable, and evenly dispersed GO in physiologically‐relevant aqueous buffers in comparison to conventional GO is investigated. The purified GO material is thoroughly characterized by a battery of techniques, and is shown to consist of single layer GO sheets of lateral dimensions below 500 nm. The cytotoxic impact of the GO in vitro and its inflammation profile in vivo is investigated. The purified GO prepared and characterized here does not induce significant cytotoxic responses in vitro, or inflammation and granuloma formation in vivo following intraperitoneal injection. This is one of the initial steps towards determination of the safety risks associated with GO material that may be interacting with living tissue.
Summertime Cluster of Intentional Ethylene Glycol Ingestions
Authors: Jerrold B. Leikin, Theodore Toerne, Anthony Burda, Timothy Erickson, Karen McAllister
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Ethylene glycol, as an inexpensive, easily obtainable, sweet-tasting liquid with inebriating effects, can be an attractive agent to the adolescent or younger adult, either for the purpose of its intoxicating effect or as a suicidal agent. In addition, the combination of its potency (lethal dose of about 1.5 mL/kg)<sup>1</sup>along with delayed metabolic effects may make this substance a difficult toxin to diagnose and treat. We describe a cluster of intentional ethylene glycol ingestions occurring over a 3-month period during the summer in the northeastern Illinois area. Twenty-two consecutive patients with intentional ethylene glycol ingestions that were reported to the Illinois Poison Center from May through August 1996 were analyzed. Epidemiologic data consisting of age, sex, serum chemistry values, ethylene glycol levels, and outcome were collected. Follow-up was obtained in all cases within 48 hours of the initial report of the ingestion. Statistical analysis was performed
Association between residence location and likelihood of kidney transplantation in Aboriginal patients treated with dialysis in Canada
Authors: M. Tonelli, B. Hemmelgarn, A.K.J. Kim, S. Bertazzon, S. Klarenbach, B. Manns, N. Wiebe, B. Culleton, J.S. Gill, None for the Alberta Kidney Disease Network
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Polyarthritis in Obese Patients with Intestinal Bypass
Authors: JEROLD W. SHAGRIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Seven of 31 patients undergoing small-bowel shunt for obesity have developed articular symptoms, an incidence of 23%. All affected patients had a jejunocolostomy instead of a jejunoileostomy. Most of the articular manifestations were transient, lasting only 2 months, but in two patients they were quite severe and lasted over 24 months. In one patient, because of the severe articular symptoms, reconstitution of her bowel to the normal anatomical sequence was performed; she immediately had complete relief and resolution of her symptoms. Apparently the abnormal position of the bowel in some way promoted the development of arthritis in this patient. Intestinal bypass may lead to an arthropathy similar to the more classical enteroarthropathies, and this possibility must be considered when evaluating the total morbidity of the surgical shunt procedure for obesity.
Van Gogh's Suicide
Authors: Frederick W. Maire
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Vincent Van Gogh as man and artist has been the subject of much conjecture among artistic, literary, and psychiatric notables. His suicide in 1890 has generally been considered the tragic result of a chronic mental disorder, presumably manic-depressive psychosis. A different theory about Van Gogh's suicide is suggested, one which could have contributed materially to his death at a relatively early age: he knew that he was losing his eyesight, and the final realization of approaching blindness incited the suicidal act. This premise does not negate the real probability that Van Gogh harbored a major emotional disorder but does modify the magnitude of such a disorder. There is some reason to postulate that Van Gogh suffered a possible chronic type of glaucoma known to be painless, insidious, and capable of causing intermittent elevations of intraocular pressure. Symptoms may only have been an intermittent appearance of colored halos seen around lights
Resolution and characterization of pro-B and pre-pro-B cell stages in normal mouse bone marrow.
Authors: R R Hardy, C E Carmack, S A Shinton, J D Kemp, K Hayakawa
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

We have resolved B220+ IgM- B-lineage cells in mouse bone marrow into four fractions based on differential cell surface expression of determinants recognized by S7 (leukosialin, CD43), BP-1, and 30F1 (heat stable antigen). Functional differences among these fractions can be correlated with Ig gene rearrangement status. The largest fraction, lacking S7, consists of pre-B cells whereas the others, expressing S7, include B lineage cells before pre-B. These S7+ fractions, provisionally termed Fr. A, Fr. B, and Fr. C, can differentiate in a stromal layer culture system. Phenotypic alteration during such culture suggests an ordering of these stages from Fr. A to Fr. B to Fr. C and thence to S7- pre-B cells. Using polymerase chain reaction amplification with pairs of oligonucleotide primers for regions 5' of JH1, DFL16.1, and Jk1, we find that the Ig genes of Fr. A are in germline configuration, whereas Fr. B and C are pro-B cell stages with increasing D-J rearrangement, but no V-D-J. Finally, functional analysis demonstrates that the proliferative response to IL-7, an early B lineage growth factor, is restricted to S7+ stages and, furthermore, that an additional, cell contact-mediated signal is essential for survival of Fr. A.
A novel 3D hepatectomy simulation based on liver circulation: Application to liver resection and transplantation
Authors: Shinichi Saito, Junichi Yamanaka, Koui Miura, Norio Nakao, Tomohiro Nagao, Takaaki Sugimoto, Tadamichi Hirano, Nobukazu Kuroda, Yuji Iimuro, Jiro Fujimoto
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Hepatectomy is a complicated operative procedure because of its anatomical complexity, vascular variability, and impaired hepatic function due to associated hepatitis or cirrhosis. Thus preoperative detailed topography and precise liver resection volume measurements should be obtained for a curative hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of a novel three-dimensional (3D) virtual hepatectomy simulation software in patients who underwent liver resection or living donor liver transplantation. We developed the hepatectomy simulation software, which was programmed to analyze detailed 3D vascular structure and to predict liver resection volume and margins. In 72 patients receiving hepatectomy, the predicted liver resection volumes and margins revealed a significant correlation with the actual value with a mean difference of 9.3 mL (P < .0001) and 1.6 mm (P < .01), respectively. The drainage area by hepatic veins was quantified to achieve reconstruction of the corresponding venous branch. In conclusion, this hepatectomy simulation software reliably predicted an accurate liver resection volume, the cancer-free margin, and the drainage volume of hepatic vein branches. This software may promote curative hepatectomy and may be used for other interventional therapies in the treatment of liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2005.)
Evaluation of Methyleletetrahydrofolate Reductase 677C&gt;T Polymorphism in Patient with Atrial Fibrillation with Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Atilla İçli, Nilgün Erten, Habil Yücel, Hasan Aydın Baş, Erdoğan Yaşar, Bayram Ali Uysal, Şenol Tayyar, Mehmet Koray Adalı, Recep Sütçü
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effects of nonesterified fatty acid availability on tissue-specific glucose utilization in rats in vivo.
Authors: A B Jenkins, L H Storlien, D J Chisholm, E W Kraegen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The pathophysiological significance of the glucose-fatty acid cycle in skeletal muscle in vivo is uncertain. We have examined the short term effects of increased availability of nonesterified FFA on tissue-specific glucose uptake and storage in rat tissues in vivo basally and during a hyperinsulinemic (150 mU/liter) euglycemic clamp. Circulating FFA were elevated to 2 mmol/liter (FFA 1) or 4 mmol/liter (FFA 2). Elevated FFA produced a dose-dependent inhibition of myocardial glucose utilization in both basal (FFA1, 42%; FFA2, 68%; P less than 0.001, by analysis of variance) and clamp groups (FFA1, 39%; FFA2, 49%; P less than 0.001) and also suppressed brown adipose tissue glucose utilization during the clamp (-42%, P less than 0.001). In contrast to heart, glucose utilization in skeletal muscle was suppressed by FFA only in the FFA1 basal group (-36%, P less than 0.001); in other groups (e.g., FFA2 clamp) elevated FFA produced increased skeletal muscle glucose utilization (+68%, P less than 0.001) that was directed toward glycogen (+175%, P less than 0.05) and lipid deposition (+125%, P less than 0.005). FFA stimulated basal glucose utilization in white (e.g., FFA2, +220%, P less than 0.005) and brown adipose tissue (e.g., FFA2, +200%, P less than 0.005). Thus elevated FFA can acutely inhibit glucose utilization in skeletal muscle in addition to cardiac muscle in vivo supporting a possible role for the glucose-fatty acid cycle in skeletal muscle in acute insulin resistance. However, at high levels or with elevated insulin, FFA stimulates glucose utilization and storage in skeletal muscle. By promoting accumulation of glucose storage products, chronic elevation of FFA may lead to skeletal muscle (and therefore whole body) insulin resistance.
miR-483-5p Promotes Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Targeting RhoGDI1 and ALCAM
Authors: Qiancheng Song, Yuanfei Xu, Cuilan Yang, Zhenguo Chen, Chunhong Jia, Juan Chen, Yue Zhang, Pinglin Lai, Xiaorong Fan, Xuan Zhou, Jun Lin, Ming Li, Wenli Ma, Shenqiu Luo, Xiaochun Bai
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The nodal regulatory properties of microRNAs (miRNA) in metastatic cancer may offer new targets for therapeutic control. Here, we report that upregulation of miR-483-5p is correlated with the progression of human lung adenocarcinoma. miR-483-5p promotes the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanied by invasive and metastatic properties of lung adenocarcinoma. Mechanistically, miR-483-5p is activated by the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and exerts its prometastatic function by directly targeting the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDI1) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), two putative metastasis suppressors. Furthermore, we found that downregulation of RhoGDI1 enhances expression of Snail, thereby promoting EMT. Importantly, miR-483-5p levels are positively correlated with β-catenin expression, but are negatively correlated with the levels of RhoGDI1 and ALCAM in human lung adenocarcinoma. Our findings reveal that miR-483-5p is a critical β-catenin–activated prometastatic miRNA and a negative regulator of the metastasis suppressors RhoGDI1 and ALCAM. Cancer Res; 74(11); 3031–42. ©2014 AACR.
Accurate and objective infarct sizing by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in a canine myocardial infarction model
Authors: Luciano C. Amado, Bernhard L. Gerber, Sandeep N. Gupta, Dan W. Rettmann, Gilberto Szarf, Robert Schock, Khurram Nasir, Dara L. Kraitchman, João A.C. Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy With SPECT in Infancy
Authors: Ana Sevilla, Robert Howman-Giles, Hamda Saleh, Justine Trpezanovski, Rebecca Concannon, Katrina Williams, David Chung, Roger Uren
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) is an important investigation for the diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) and its differentiation from causes of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia that do not require surgical intervention. Delayed imaging at 24 hours and phenobarbitone augmentation for 5 days has been required to achieve high sensitivity and specificity with current techniques. This study explores whether adding single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) performs as well as existing methods without requiring delayed 24-hour imaging and whether the phenobarbitone premedication is necessary in all cases.A retrospective analysis of 105 HBS studies on 94 patients was performed. HBS included SPECT at 4 to 6 hours postinjection when no tracer was seen in the gastrointestinal tract in the first 60 minutes. This was done in 80 patients.Gastrointestinal activity was seen in 14 patients within 60 minutes. For 4- to 6-hour studies, standard HBS and HBS with SPECT data showed a sensitivity of 100% for the diagnosis of BA. The specificity, accuracy, and positive likelihood ratios (PLR) were 67%, 75%, and 3 (confidence interval [CI]=2.03-4.16) for planar imaging at 4 to 6 hours and 90%, 93%, and 10 (CI=4.42-19) for 4- to 6-hour planar and SPECT imaging. When the 11 patients who had phenobarbitone stimulation were included, the results improved to 97%, 98%, and 30 (CI=7.06-80).The addition of SPECT 4 to 6 hours postinjection of tracer significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of hepatobiliary scintigraphy compared with planar imaging alone. This accuracy is as good as HBS performed after phenobarbitone stimulation. The combined technique of HBS with SPECT and phenobarbitone has the highest accuracy. Delayed imaging at 24 hours is usually not necessary.
Cytosolic flagellin requires Ipaf for activation of caspase-1 and interleukin 1β in salmonella-infected macrophages
Authors: Luigi Franchi, Amal Amer, Mathilde Body-Malapel, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, Nesrin Özören, Rajesh Jagirdar, Naohiro Inohara, Peter Vandenabeele, John Bertin, Anthony Coyle, Ethan P Grant, Gabriel Núñez
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Enhancement of Left Ventricular Relaxation in the Isolated Heart by an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
Authors: Peter B. Anning, Richard M. Grocott-Mason, Malcolm J. Lewis, Ajay M. Shah
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background ACE inhibitors exert both acute and chronic beneficial effects on cardiac function (eg, remodeling, diastolic dysfunction) in experimental studies and in patients. They inhibit the formation of angiotensin II as well as the degradation of endogenous bradykinin. We recently reported that bradykinin induces selective left ventricular (LV) relaxant effects in isolated hearts via the release of nitric oxide. The present study examined the direct effects of interaction between the ACE inhibitor captopril and endogenous bradykinin on cardiac contractile function. Methods and Results Isolated ejecting guinea pig hearts were studied under conditions of constant loading and heart rate. LV pressure was monitored by a 2F micromanometer-tipped catheter. Captopril (1 μmol/L, n=9) caused a progressive acceleration of LV relaxation without significantly affecting early systolic parameters (eg, LV dP/dt max ) or coronary flow. These effects were inhibited by the nitric oxide scavenger hemoglobin (1 μmol/L, n=5) or by the B 2 -kinin receptor antagonist HOE140 (10 nmol/L, n=5). In the presence of captopril, bradykinin (0.1 nmol/L, n=6) markedly accelerated LV relaxation (significantly more than captopril alone), whereas bradykinin alone (0.1 nmol/L, n=6) had no effect. Conclusions These data indicate that the ACE inhibitor captopril causes an acute and selective enhancement of LV relaxation independent of changes in coronary flow, probably via an endogenous bradykinin/nitric oxide pathway.
Diagnosing maxillary sinusitis.
Authors: N. S. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1992)

to sedate children that have stood the test not only of scientific investigation but also of time.Morphine, barbiturates, and the more recent additions such as fentanyl and alfentanil have all been used in critically ill patients without major problems."As propofol does not have a licence for use as an infusion in children and, at best, scientific investigation suggets that it may be detrimental in critically ill children, it seems mandatorv that this drug is not used routinely for sedating children in intensive therapy units.Cook should realise that if we use drugs before scientific investigation has shown them to be safe we have only ourselves to blame if they are later shown to cause problems.
THE IMPACT OF BIVALIRUDIN AND OTHER PERI-INTERVENTIONAL ANTITHROMBOTIC STRATEGIES ON ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS UNDERGOING PCI PLUS CORONARY STENTING
Authors: Miklos Rohla, Ioannis Tentzeris, Rudolf Jarai, Matthias Freynhofer, Serdar Farhan, Thomas Weiss, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 318: Preclinical evaluation of monoclonal antibody H6-11 for prostate cancer imaging.
Authors: Hongjun Jin, Mai Xu, Prashanth K. Padakanti, Zhude Tu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Altered post-translational modification (PTM) of glycosylations to various nuclear and cytosolic proteins is a universal feature of cancer cells and these modified glycan plan significant role in immune surveillance, tumor invasion, and increase malignancy. In this study, we reported a novel monoclonal antibody reacting to the tumor glycoproteins with molecular weight around 40-60 kDa. Deglycosylation examination suggested the antigenic isotope of the glycan is O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) group. We examined the reactivity of H6-11 to cancer cells including PC-3, MCF-7 cells and implanted PC-3 and EMT-6 tumor tissues using immunofluorescence staining and autoradiography technique. The Zr-89 labeled H6-11 was successfully synthesized and the microPET study was performed in PC-3 xenograft prostate model in nude mice. microPET study showed that significant amount of radioactivity accumulation was observed in the excretory organs during the early period post-injection of radioactivity. At 24 hrs post-injection of radioactivity, significant amount of radioactivity was observed in the xenograft prostate tumor, while the radioactivity intensity was decreased in the liver and kidney. Radioactivity uptake in the tumor was still evident at 120 hrs post-injection of radioactivity. Our work suggested that the H6-11 antibody is capable of detecting prostate tumors both in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: Hongjun Jin, Mai Xu, Prashanth K. Padakanti, Zhude Tu. Preclinical evaluation of monoclonal antibody H6-11 for prostate cancer imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 318. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-318
Hyperbaric Oxygen for Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Authors: Lindell K. Weaver, Ramona O. Hopkins, Karen J. Chan, Susan Churchill, C. Gregory Elliott, Terry P. Clemmer, James F. Orme, Frank O. Thomas, Alan H. Morris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning commonly have cognitive sequelae. We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric-oxygen treatment on such cognitive sequelae.