tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Refocusing Medical Education in the EMR Era
Authors: Natalie M. Pageler, Charles P. Friedman, Christopher A. Longhurst
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characterization of the cDNA of a broadly reactive neutralizing human anti-gp120 monoclonal antibody.
Authors: W A Marasco, J Bagley, C Zani, M Posner, L Cavacini, W A Haseltine, J Sodroski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

The F105 mAb, identified in an HIV-1-infected individual, binds to a discontinuous epitope on the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein, blocks the binding of gp120 to the CD4 viral receptor, and neutralizes a broad range of HIV-1 isolates. This study reports the primary nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the rearranged heavy and light chains of the mAb F105. This IgG1k mAb uses a VH gene member of the VH4 gene family (V71-4) and is productively rearranged with a D-D fusion product of the dlr4 and da4 germline DH genes and the JH5 gene. This rearranged heavy chain gene expresses the VH4-HV2a idiotope, which is seen in human monoclonal IgM cold agglutinins. The F105 Vk appears to be derived from the Humvk325 germline gene and is rearranged with a Jk2 gene. For both chains, the mutational pattern in the rearranged VH and VL genes is indicative of an antigen-driven process. These studies show that production of a broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibody that recognizes determinants within the CD4 recognition site of the envelope glycoprotein is achieved by rearrangement of the V71-4 and Humvk325 germline variable region genes along with selected individual point mutations in the rearranged genes.
Committee calls for GPs to advise elderly patients on financial benefits
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A House of Commons committee has said that elderly people should routinely be given advice on state financial benefits when they visit their GP.

The House of Commons Public Accounts Committee, which monitors public spending, made the proposal in its report on improving public services for elderly people, published last week.

The recommendations follow a report last year from the National Audit Office, Developing Effective Services for Older People , which called for more coherent strategies across government on elderly people and for each government department to appoint a champion for elderly people, not just the NHS ( BMJ 2003;326:680).

The committee's report acknowledges the positive impact of the national service framework for elderly people, introduced in the NHS in 2001.

But it says that other parts of government pay less attention to elderly people. The work of the Cabinet committee for older people, which is meant to draw together initiatives …
An evolutionarily conserved program of B-cell development and activation in zebrafish
Authors: Dawne M. Page, Valerie Wittamer, Julien Y. Bertrand, Kanako L. Lewis, David N. Pratt, Noemi Delgado, Sarah E. Schale, Caitlyn McGue, Bradley H. Jacobsen, Alyssa Doty, Yvonne Pao, Hongbo Yang, Neil C. Chi, Brad G. Magor, David Traver
Journal: Blood (2013)
Adenovirus serotype 35 vector-induced innate immune responses in dendritic cells derived from wild-type and human CD46-transgenic mice: Comparison with a fiber-substituted Ad vector containing fiber proteins of Ad serotype 35
Authors: Fuminori Sakurai, Kazuko Nakashima, Tomoko Yamaguchi, Takako Ichinose, Kenji Kawabata, Takao Hayakawa, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Joint Injury in Young Adults and Risk for Subsequent Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Allan C. Gelber, Marc C. Hochberg, Lucy A. Mead, Nae-Yuh Wang, Fredrick M. Wigley, Michael J. Klag
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Knee and hip injuries have been linked with osteoarthritis in cross-sectional and case-control studies, but few prospective studies have examined the relation between injuries in young adults and risk for later osteoarthritis.To prospectively examine the relation between joint injury and incident knee and hip osteoarthritis.Prospective cohort study.Johns Hopkins Precursors Study.1321 former medical students.Injury status at cohort entry was recorded when the mean age of participants was 22 years. Injury during follow-up and incident osteoarthritis were determined by using self-administered questionnaires. Osteoarthritis was confirmed by symptoms and radiographic findings.Over a median follow-up of 36 years, 141 participants reported joint injuries (knee alone [n = 111], hip alone [n = 16], or knee and hip [n = 14]) and 96 developed osteoarthritis (knee alone [n = 64], hip alone [n = 27], or knee and hip [n = 5]). The cumulative incidence of knee osteoarthritis by 65 years of age was 13.9% in participants who had a knee injury during adolescence and young adulthood and 6.0% in those who did not (P = 0.0045) (relative risk, 2.95 [95% CI, 1.35 to 6.45]). Joint injury at cohort entry or during follow-up substantially increased the risk for subsequent osteoarthritis at that site (relative risk, 5.17 [CI, 3.07 to 8.71] and 3.50 [CI, 0.84 to 14.69] for knee and hip, respectively). Results were similar for persons with osteoarthritis confirmed by radiographs and symptoms.Young adults with knee injuries are at considerably increased risk for osteoarthritis later in life and should be targeted in the primary prevention of osteoarthritis.
Intestinal Malrotation in Adult Seen on Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: Sunil Bajaj, Darlene Fink-Bennett, David A. Bloom
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is primarily used to diagnose acute and chronic biliary tract disorders. However, its potential role in diagnosing unsuspected extrahepatic pathology is not well described. We present 2 adult patients with chronic abdominal pain who underwent hepatobiliary scintigraphy for evaluation of cystic duct patency. In both cases, the proximal small bowel was located on the right side of the abdomen, which suggested the diagnosis of malrotation. Retrospective review of abdominal CT scan, upper gastrointestinal series, and subsequent laparotomy confirmed malrotation. The diagnosis of malrotation in both these patients was first suggested on hepatobiliary scintigraphy, which significantly impacted their subsequent management.
Measuring Plans and Measuring Health
Authors: David R. Nerenz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Quality Measurement and Improvement15 October 1997Measuring Plans and Measuring HealthDavid R. Nerenz, PhDDavid R. Nerenz, PhDHenry Ford Health System; Detroit, MI 48202Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_2-199710151-00062 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Nearly 10 years ago, Ellwood challenged us to become part of the “third revolution” [1] in health care: an approach he called “outcomes management” [2]. Outcomes management involves a commitment to measuring health status outcomes, to pooling information among providers to facilitate learning about what works, and accountability.The challenge has not yet been met. We do measure things but generally not outcomes. We combine and share information, but this information is generally about processes, algorithms, and “best practices” and not necessarily about outcomes. We are accountable to purchasers, communities, and individual patients but often in terms of costs, access, ...References 1. Relman AS. Assessment and accountability: the third revolution in medical care [Editorial]. N Engl J Med. 1988; 319:1220-2. Google Scholar 2. Ellwood PM. Shattuck lecture-outcomes management: a technology of patient experience. N Engl J Med. 1988; 318:1549-56. Google Scholar 3. Hannan EL, Kilburn H Jr, Racz M, Shields E, Chassin MR. Improving the outcomes of coronary artery bypass surgery in New York State. JAMA. 1994; 271:761-6. Google Scholar 4. Hannan EL, Kumar D, Racz M, Siu AL, Chassin MR. New York State's cardiac surgery reporting system: four years later. Ann Thorac Surg. 1994; 58:1852-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Henry Ford Health System; Detroit, MI 48202Note: This article is one of a series of articles comprising an Annals of Internal Medicine supplement entitled “Measuring Quality, Outcomes, and Cost of Care Using Large Databases: The Sixth Regenstrief Conference.” To see a complete list of the articles included in this supplement, please view its Table of Contents. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAssessing Quality of Life in Clinical ResearchResources Used by Panelists 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_2Page: 751Keywords36 item short form health surveyComputersDatabasesForecastingHealth information technologyHealth surveysPatientsPerformance measuresRacial and ethnic issuesVision Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Demonstration of a Direct Pathophysiological Role for Insulin in Primary Endogenous Lipemia.
Authors: W. H. R. Nye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971Demonstration of a Direct Pathophysiological Role for Insulin in Primary Endogenous Lipemia.W. H. R. Nye, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. P. Eaton, M.D.W. H. R. Nye, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. P. Eaton, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-824_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNo correlation between insulin secretion and triglyceride concentration has been demonstrated by other investigators in patients with primary endogenous lipemia nor, in our total population of 66 lipemic patients, has any correlation emerged from an analysis of insulin-triglyceride interrelationships. In contrast, the physiological lipemia induced by carbohydrate has been closely correlated with insulin secretion (IRI). It seems plausible that the failure to implicate insulin in abnormal lipemia relates to the simultaneous operation, at cross purposes, of many factors influencing carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In an attempt to reduce the number of variables we have examined the integrated IRI-triglyceride concentration relationship... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: W. H. R. Nye, M.D., F.A.C.P.; R. P. Eaton, M.D.Affiliations: Albuquerque, New Mex. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 824-824KeywordsAttentionCarbohydratesHyperlipidemiaInsulinInsulin secretionInsulin-like growth factorsLipid metabolism ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
APPENDICITIS: ITS TREATMENT.
Authors: O. BEVERLY CAMPBELL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Were it possible under all circumstances, in the treatment of appendicitis, to follow the dictum to operate within the first twenty-four to thirty-six hours from the onset of the disease, we would not be confronted with the varied pathology and the many mooted questions of dealing with it in attempting to treat this disease successfully. The early operation will, however, probably never become the universal practice, and we will still continue to encounter all of the different pathologic conditions that are associated with neglected cases of the disease. The reasons why the early operation will never become the universal practice in appendicitis are chiefly the following: (a) The family physician, and not the surgeon, is usually called to diagnose and treat the disease in the beginning. It is expecting too much of the family physician when we look to him to diagnose the disease and to call the surgeon all
<i>DNMT3A</i> Mutational Status Affects the Results of Dose-Escalated Induction Therapy in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Alison R. Sehgal, Phyllis A. Gimotty, Jianhua Zhao, Jing-Mei Hsu, Robert Daber, Jennifer D. Morrissette, Selina Luger, Alison W. Loren, Martin Carroll
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) is one of the commonly mutated genes in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Reports on the prognostic significance of DNMT3A mutations have been inconsistent, and most of the data are available only for patients 60 years of age or younger. We hypothesized that this inconsistency is due to an interaction between the dose of anthracycline used in induction therapy and DNMT3A status. We studied whether patients with DNMT3A-mutated AML treated with standard dose anthracyclines had an inferior survival compared with patients with other mutation profiles or those who received high-dose therapy. Experimental Design: A total of 152 patients in this retrospective cohort study (median age, 54 years) with de novo AML underwent induction therapy and next-generation sequencing of 33 commonly mutated genes in hematologic malignancies, including DNMT3A, FLT3-ITD, NPM1, and IDH1/2. Cox regression was used to know whether those with DNMT3A mutations who were treated with standard dose anthracycline had inferior survival. Results: DNMT3A mutations, found in 32% of patients, were not associated with an inferior survival. Dose escalation of anthracycline in the induction regimen was associated with improved survival in those with DNMT3A mutations but not those with wild-type DNMT3A. Patients with DNMT3A mutations who received standard dose induction had shorter survival time than other patient groups (10.1 months vs. 19.8 months, P = 0.0129). This relationship remained significant (HR, 1.90; P = 0.006) controlling for multiple variables. Conclusions: Patients with DNMT3A-mutated AML have an inferior survival when treated with standard-dose anthracycline induction therapy. This group should be considered for high-dose induction therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 21(7); 1614–20. ©2015 AACR.
Achieving Glycemic Goals in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

This is the fourth in a series of articles on presentations at the American Diabetes Association’s 66th Scientific Sessions, Washington, DC, 9–13 June 2006, addressing aspects of the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

A pilot project is underway to offer the Perspectives on the News commentaries as a monthly Web-based CME activity. Please access www.diabetes.procampus.net to view our initial efforts. We look forward to your comments.

There is increasing evidence that the majority of individuals with diabetes are not treated to currently recommended glycemic goals. Rubino et al. (abstract 324) analyzed a U.K. database of 31,289 individuals with type 2 diabetes, of whom 2,501 had not received insulin and had A1C >8% despite treatment with two oral hypoglycemic agents (abstract numbers refer to the ADA Scientific Sessions, Diabetes 55 [Suppl. 1], 2006). After 1.8 years, 25% had started insulin; 4.9 years elapsed before half had started insulin, with similar lack of rapidity of treatment intensification among those diagnosed with retinopathy (18%) or neuropathy (7%). With A1C thresholds of 7 and 9%, half had started insulin at 6.3 and 4.2 years, respectively. Similarly, Nichols et al. (abstract 535) identified 4,365 individuals from the Kaiser Permanente Northwest pharmacy records starting sulfonylurea plus metformin, with a mean A1C 8.4%, and 79 and 51% of patients achieving A1C  8% (after a mean of 16 months), and 75% of the latter group rose to >7% (mean of 11 months), with 73% not receiving insulin over 33 months of follow-up. Those whose A1C initially fell below 7% ultimately receiving insulin had mean A1C 9.2% when this treatment was added, at a mean of 28 months. Riedel and Plauschinat (abstracts 552 and 553) assessed treatment patterns of 9,416 type 2 diabetic individuals initiated on oral …
Family-orientated Therapy with Hospitalized Schizophrenics
Authors: G. M. Carstairs
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MEBICLJON 49 practice the diagnosis of hysteria has as much discriminating value as one of headache.Slater's most unreasonable conclusion was that the concept of hysteria is at fault.It should be noted that it is not Slater but Sir Francis Walshe who, by opposing this view, impugns the diagnostic competence of neurologists.
MYOCARDIUM AT RISK IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: COMPARISON OF T2-WEIGHTED EDEMA IMAGING WITH THE ENDOCARDIAL SURFACE AREA ASSESSED BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND VALIDATION AGAINST ANGIOGRAPHIC SCORING
Authors: Georg Friedrich Fuernau, Ingo Eitel, Vinzenz Franke, Lysann Hildebrandt, Josefine Meissner, Suzanne de Waha, Philipp Lurz, Matthias Gutberlet, Steffen Desch, Gerhard Schuler, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Profibrogenic transforming growth factor-β/activin receptor-like kinase 5 signaling via connective tissue growth factor expression in hepatocytes
Authors: Hong-Lei Weng, Loredana Ciuclan, Yan Liu, Jafar Hamzavi, Patricio Godoy, Haristi Gaitantzi, Stefan Kanzler, Rainer Heuchel, Uwe Ueberham, Rolf Gebhardt, Katja Breitkopf, Steven Dooley
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is important for transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-induced liver fibrogenesis. Hepatic stellate cells have been recognized as its major cellular source in the liver. Here we demonstrate the induction of CTGF expression in hepatocytes of damaged livers and identify a molecular mechanism responsible for it. CTGF expression was found by immunohistochemistry in bile duct epithelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and hepatocytes in fibrotic liver tissue from patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Similarly, CTGF expression was induced in hepatocytes of carbon tetrachloride-treated mice. CTGF expression and secretion were detected spontaneously in a medium of hepatocytes after 3 days of culture, which was enhanced by stimulation with TGF-beta. TGF-beta-induced CTGF expression was mediated through the activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5)/Smad3 pathway, whereas activin receptor-like kinase 1 activation antagonized this effect. CTGF expression in the liver tissue of TGF-beta transgenic mice correlated with serum TGF-beta levels. Smad7 overexpression in cultured hepatocytes abrogated TGF-beta-dependent and intrinsic CTGF expression, indicating that TGF-beta signaling was required. In line with these data, hepatocyte-specific transgenic Smad7 reduced CTGF expression in carbon tetrachloride-treated animals, whereas in Smad7 knockout mice, it was enhanced. Furthermore, an interferon gamma treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection induced Smad7 expression in hepatocytes, leading to decreased CTGF expression and fibrogenesis.Our data provide evidence for the profibrogenic activity of TGF-beta directed to hepatocytes and mediated via the up-regulation of CTGF. We identify ALK5-dependent Smad3 signaling as the responsible pathway inducing CTGF expression, which can be hindered by an activated activin receptor-like kinase 1 pathway and completely inhibited by TGF-beta antagonist Smad7.
Factor Analysis of Changes in Dyspnea and Lung Function Parameters after Bronchodilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: CHRISTIAN TAUBE, BURGHART LEHNIGK, KIRSTEN PAASCH, DETLEF K. KIRSTEN, RUDOLF A. JÖRRES, HELGO MAGNUSSEN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Expiratory airway collapse is a characteristic feature in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that this collapse might mask the effects of bronchodilators during forced expiration but not during forced inspiration, and that accordingly, the improvement in forced inspiration and not that in forced expiration with bronchodilator therapy would be related to changes in the perception of dyspnea. In order to investigate this, we conducted lung function measurements, including measurements of forced inspiration and expiration before and 30 min after inhalation of 400 microg salbutamol, in 61 patients with COPD (mean FEV(1): 38. 3 L; range: 12.9 to 79.5% predicted). The change in dyspnea from baseline was assessed with a standard visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from -100 to +100. To delineate the relationship between parameters, we used the statistical procedure of factor analysis. Salbutamol induced an improvement of 0.16 +/- 0.02 L (mean +/- SD) in FEV(1), 0.36 +/- 0.04 L in forced inspiratory volume in one second (FIV(1)), 0.30 +/- 0.04 L in inspiratory capacity (IC), and -0.34 +/- 0.07 L in intrathoracic gas volume; the mean VAS score was 36.4 +/- 3.2. Factor analysis demonstrated that the reduction in dyspnea at rest was primarily associated with changes in parameters describing forced inspiration and not with those of forced expiration or lung hyperinflation, including IC. Our data indicate that in patients with COPD, the reduction in dyspnea after inhalation of a beta(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist is closely correlated with the change in parameters of forced inspiration, and particularly FIV(1), but not with changes in parameters of forced expiration or lung hyperinflation.
Megaloblastic Anaemia During Combined Phensuximide and Phenobarbitone Therapy
Authors: A. Doig, J. B. Stanton
Journal: BMJ (1961)

MEDICAL MEMORANDA BDRCISJOURNALLabour began spontaneously during the 41st week, and after six hours the membranes ruptured and meconium- stained liquor drained.Four hours later the first twin was delivered with forceps because of poor progress in the second stage.Immediate vaginal examination revealed that the face of the anencephalic second twin had entered the pelvis.The expected second sac of membranes was not present.The infant was delivered by traction with the finger in the mouth aided by a little fundal pressure during a uterine contraction.Examination of the placenta revealed a single sac surrounded by the chorion and amnion.The two cords were attached eccentrically to the foetal surface and were only ' in.(1.3 cm.) apart.There was no trace of any Details of Blood-groupinzg BO Rh