tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cross-reacting IgE antibodies recognizing latex allergens, including Hev b 1, as well as papain
Authors: X. Baur, Z. Chen, P. Rozynek, M. Diiser, M. Raulf‐Heimsoth
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The cross‐reactivity of IgE antibodies recognizing epitopes of latex allergens and papain was studied in sera of 36 latex‐exposed subjects and 22 papain workers. Eight out of 24 latex‐sensitized persons also showed positive reaction to papain in the CAP assay (mostly of low or moderate degree). On the other hand, six out of the 12 sensitized papain workers also revealed IgE binding to latex allergen(s). Reciprocal inhibition experiments confirmed that groups monosensitized to one of the two allergens can be separated from a group showing partial or nearly complete immunologic cross‐reactivity. Papain inhibited IgE binding by 20–33% in these subjects, whereas IgE binding to papain was strongly blocked in most cases. Comparison between the primary sequences of Hev b 1, a major latex allergen, and papain suggests that the cross‐reactivity may be due to several identical trimers and tetramers.
Early Warning of Rejection?
Authors: J. M. Wellwood, B. G. Ellis, J. H. Hall, D. R. Robinson, A. E. Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), beta-galactosidase (GAL), beta-glucosidase (GLU), and alkaline phosphatase (AP) was studied in 83 patients with renal allografts. Thirty of these patients had stable graft function and their urinary enzyme levels provided a range of normal values. Urinary lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was estimated in 29 normal subjects and in 11 patients with renal allografts. Serum values for the five enzymes were also obtained. Urinary NAG excretion was abnormally high in 16 out of 17 (94%) episodes of acute rejection. The other urinary enzymes were raised less frequently. In nine patients studied before the onset of rejection urinary NAG activity rose up to three weeks before changes in other tests of renal function. Serum enzyme levels were not found to be of value in the diagnosis of rejection.
Florida doctor is investigated over experimental treatment
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A doctor who claims that apheresis or plasmapheresis is beneficial in age related macular degeneration is being investigated by the Florida Agency for Health Care Administration.

Dr Richard Davis is the owner of Rheotherapy Centers of Largo, on Florida's west coast, which offers plasmapheresis sessions, each costing $1800-$2200 (£1100-£1400), to elderly patients with macular degeneration.

Dr Davis faces a hearing before the Florida Board of Medicine on charges of “false, deceptive or misleading advertising … of Rheotherapy as a safe and effective treatment, when Rheotherapy is an experimental procedure” and on charges of practising medicine below …
Pressure to work through periods of short term sickness
Authors: K. Dew
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Can have long term negative effects on health and productivity

Recent research shows that during a period of four weeks a third of doctors and nurses have worked when they should have taken sick leave, and that, on average, this nearly halves their working capacity.1 Presenteeism is the phenomenon of workers turning up to work despite medical conditions that should prevent them from attending.2 Although it has been associated with negative health effects and with loss of productivity, it is only in recent years that presenteeism has gained some focus in research.3 In July 2003 a word search for absenteeism in Web of Science produced 1262 hits, whereas presenteeism produced only 11 hits.4 The same search in May 2011 scored 3388 hits for absenteeism and 287 for presenteeism.

Around 26% of healthcare workers report presenteeism in the past seven days and about 85% of general practitioners and hospital workers report being sick at work some time.5 Research has identified many risk factors for presenteeism, and much more work is needed to determine what factors are modifiable and what sort of impact successful …
Intensive-care Units for Myocardial Infarction
Authors: J. P. Shillingford
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Intensive-care Units for Myocardial Infarction SIR,-At the present time there is consider- able interest in the possibility of establishing special units in hospitals throughout the country for the intensive care of patients fol- lowing a myocardial infarction.The recent developments in resuscitation using external cardiac massage, direct current countershock for cardiac arrest or grave arrhythmias, and electrical pacing for heart block have given techniques which can be applied successfully in specifically defined complications and added support for such units.We have had a pilot unit for intensive care and study of patients following myocardial infarction at Hammersmith for the past two years, and, although the results are so far promising where mortality figures are con- cerned, in our opinion caution must be ob- served before accepting the principle of setting up such units throughout the country in advance of critical analysis of the best methods to apply in particular circumstances.The success of any intensive-care unit depends not only on the monitoring facilities for resuscitation but on the continuous availability of suitably trained medical and nursing staff and the enthusiasm of all concerned.Above all, it is essential to achieve a greater understanding of the principles of rational management of arrhythmias, haemodynamic and other changes following myocardial infarction.Studies are required to assess the influence of details of management such as posture, the administration of oxygen, regular exercise of the legs to prevent thrombo- embolic complications, and the value or harm of drugs old and new.
The Rapid Treatment of Gonorrhoea
Authors: A. C. Magian
Journal: BMJ (1911)

THz n 463 pronounced janudice was present.There was now no doubf as to this being a case of haemoglobinuria.The urine on standing separated into a brown sediment, witlh a superaatant duid of a rich port-wine colour.The patient was semi-conscious, but could be roused.No nourishment could be taken by the mouth, not even ice was retained.I ordered tr.iodine in one minim
Functional decline after incident wrist fractures--Study of Osteoporotic Fractures: prospective cohort study
Authors: B. J. Edwards, J. Song, D. D. Dunlop, H. A. Fink, J. A. Cauley
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To study the effect of an incident wrist fracture on functional status in women enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. <b>Design</b> Prospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Baltimore, Minneapolis, Portland, and the Monongahela valley in Pennsylvania, USA <b>Participants</b> 6107 women aged 65 years and older without previous wrist or hip fracture recruited from the community between September 1986 and October 1988. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Clinically important functional decline, defined as a functional deterioration of 5 points in five activities of daily living each scored from 0 to 3 (equivalent to one standard deviation decrease in functional ability). <b>Results</b> Over a mean follow-up of 7.6 years, 268 women had an incident wrist fracture and 41 (15%) of these developed clinically important functional decline. Compared with women without wrist fractures, those with incident wrist fractures had greater annual functional decline after adjustment for age, body mass index, and health status. Occurrence of a wrist fracture increased the odds of having a clinically important functional decline by 48% (odds ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 2.12), even after adjustment for age, body mass index, health status, baseline functional status, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and neuromuscular function. <b>Conclusions</b> Wrist fractures contribute to clinically important functional decline in older women.
TCT-602 Doppler-derived hyperemic microvascular resistance measurements predict the occurrence of CMR-defined microvascular injury after primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Paul F. Teunissen, Maurits Hollander, Lourens F. Robbers, Ibrahim Danad, Guus A de Waard, Koen Marques, Aernout M. Beek, Albert C van Rossum, Paul Knaapen, Niels van Royen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hemifacial palsy after inferior dental block for dental treatment.
Authors: I B Tiwari, T Keane
Journal: BMJ (1970)

ficient to cause acute pulmonary oedema in a healthy 36- year-old mother having her second elective caesarean sec- tion.The same objection applies to the intravenous infusion of plasma expanders.Obstetricians and anaesthetists should be aware of this syndrome.It should be considered in all patients with hypo- tension lying supine in late pregnancy.Routine inquiry should be made of all patients before caesarean section in regard to fainting attacks, dizziness in the supine position, and difficulty experienced in the antenatal clinics in recording their blood pressure.Constant monitoring of blood pressure is essential, and the obstetrician should not proceed without assurance that it is normal.If supine hypotension is noted before the operation, caesarean section should be performed in the lat- eral position.Should supine hypotension occur during the operation the patient should be turned on her side and delivered as quickly as possible.Vasopressors and rapid intravenous infusions should not be used until repositioning of the patient has been tried.
The National Health Service Corps Experience for Rural Physicians in the Late 1980s
Authors: Donald E. Pathman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To learn from physicians in the National Health Service Corps (referred to as NHSC or the Corps) scholarship program about their experiences in rural health professional shortage areas (HPSAs), to contrast their experiences with those of other physicians working in rural HPSAs, and to learn how NHSC physicians' retention is associated with the quality of their experiences.Cohort study.Two groups of primary care physicians who moved to rural HPSAs nationwide from 1987 through 1990 were surveyed in 1991: group 1 consisted of all 675 physicians in the NHSC scholarship program, and group 2 consisted of a stratified random sample of 1000 non-Corps physicians. Response rates were 73.7% and 69.1%, respectively. Analyses used comparable subsets of 417 NHSC and 206 non-NHSC respondents.Among NHSC physicians, 51% initially anticipated working in underserved areas longer than 10 years, although only 14% expected to remain more than 5 years in their assigned practices. Three quarters of the Corps group felt there were few acceptable practice sites available to them, one third likely would have preferred urban sites, and two thirds were matched in states where they had not lived or trained earlier. Corps physicians felt their spouses' and children's needs were less well satisfied in their communities than non-Corps physicians. Corps physicians reported lower satisfaction in their work and personal lives and demonstrated poorer retention. Group differences in satisfaction and retention remained after controlling for various features of physicians and sites where they worked. Among NHSC physicians, retention was dramatically lower for those less well matched to their communities and those less satisfied.The needs and preferences of NHSC physicians and families are not well accommodated. Low morale and poor retention are endemic among NHSC physicians. The NHSC is challenged by twin goals of meeting the immediate needs of underserved communities and providing personally and professionally satisfying environments where physicians can pursue long-term careers.
Preventing CHD in Children
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aortic Root Aneurysm
Authors: Hassan Najafi
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Aneurysms of the aortic root arise relatively deep within the heart and, because of frequently associated complications, such as aortic insufficiency, present a more complicated problem than the more distal aneurysms of the ascending aorta. <h3>Etiology and Pathogenesis</h3> In evaluating the etiology, three important pathological entities, namely, cystic medionecrosis, syphilis, and arteriosclerosis, have been encountered. Cystic medionecrosis, the most common cause of aortic root aneurysm, is a degenerative, noninflammatory process involving, most commonly, the ascending aorta. The aneurysm, usually fusiform, develops as a consequence of focal degeneration of the elastic matrix of the media. Since the tunica intima does not dilate along with the media, an intimal rent occurs which results in dissection. Some of these aneurysms are the results of an inherited defect as seen in Marfan's syndrome and others are the results of what seems to be an acquired pathological process termed idiopathic cystic medionecrosis. Syphilis and arteriosclerosis
Foundations of Neuropsychiatry
Authors: J. Stanley Cobb
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cloning and characterization of the novel gene for mast cell carboxypeptidase A.
Authors: D S Reynolds, D S Gurley, K F Austen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

No gene for a hematopoietic cell carboxypeptidase has previously been characterized. Mast cell carboxypeptidase A (MC-CPA) is a prominent secretory granule marker of mast cell differentiation and phenotype. The 32-kb human MC-CPA gene was isolated, localized to chromosome 3, and found to contain 11 exons. No significant homology was found between the 5' flanking region of the MC-CPA gene and those of three rat pancreatic carboxypeptidase genes (carboxypeptidase A1 and A2, and carboxypeptidase B [CPB]). In contrast, the intron/exon organization of the MC-CPA gene was conserved, most closely resembling the CPB gene. MC-CPA is unique among carboxypeptidases in having a CPA-like substrate-binding pocket and enzymatic activity despite overall protein and gene structures more similar to CPB. Evolutionary tree analysis of the carboxypeptidase gene family showed that, before the mammalian species radiation, a common MC-CPA/CPB ancestor diverged by gene duplication from the lineage leading to CPA, and then underwent another gene duplication to form separate but similar gene structures for MC-CPA and CPB. MC-CPA mRNA was prominent in dispersed lung cells enriched for mast cells but was undetectable in other nontransformed populations of several lineages, demonstrating that transcription of MC-CPA, a novel carboxypeptidase gene, provides a specific molecular marker for mast cells among normal hematopoietic cell populations.
Effects of allergen inhalation and oral glucocorticoid on serum soluble CTLA‐4 in allergic asthmatics
Authors: X.‐J. Qin, H.‐Z. Shi, S.‐M. Qin, L.‐F. Kang, C.‐P. Huang, X.‐N. Zhong
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: The serum soluble cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen‐4 (sCTLA‐4) concentration is significantly elevated in patients with asthma, and sCTLA‐4 concentration correlate with the severity of asthma. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of allergen inhalation and oral glucocorticoid on concentration of serum sCTLA‐4 in patients with allergic asthma. Methods: Allergen inhalation challenge was conducted in allergic asthmatics with isolated early asthma response and those with dual asthma response. In a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel group fashion, prednisolone or placebo was give orally once a day for 2 weeks. Venous blood samples were collected before and after allergen inhalation or prednisolone administration for obtaining sera. The serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations in the dual responder group increased from 29.0 (14.5–43.7) μ g/l [median (25–75 percentiles)] before allergen inhalation to 44.0 (24.3–61.3) μ g/l 24 h after allergen inhalation. In the isolated early responders, there were no significant increase in serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations after allergen inhalation compared with baseline levels. There was a significant decrease in serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations after 2 weeks of glucocorticoid therapy [22.0 (15.5–31.0) μ g/l] compared with baseline values [37.0 (19.5–53.0) μ g/l], whereas there was no significant difference in the placebo group. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations increased after allergen inhalation in sensitized asthmatic subjects, and that serum sCTLA‐4 concentrations were downregulated by prednisolone therapy.
Cervical cancer jab “in a year”
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) strains that cause most cervical cancers has been shown to be highly effective, a study reported last week.

The two year study found that a quadrivalent recombinant vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18 was 100% effective in preventing early stage cancers and precancerous abnormalities caused by the two key strains of HPV—16 and 18—that are associated with 70% of cervical cancers. This is the finding of a phase III study reported at the annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

The study, called FUTURE II, randomised 12 167 women aged 16 to 26 years from 13 countries to a three-dose regimen of …
In search of a good death: A good death and medicalisation need not be polarised
Authors: J. L Lapum
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Clarke warns against the medicalisation of dying when medicine and technology overstep the boundaries of the body or when palliative care focuses on symptom management.1 This can be a reality but depends on the healthcare provider, such as when death is resisted—when it is inevitable or when technology is lengthening the dying process as opposed to providing a good death.
A genetic mechanism for female-limited Batesian mimicry in Papilio butterfly
Authors: Hideki Nishikawa, Takuro Iijima, Rei Kajitani, Junichi Yamaguchi, Toshiya Ando, Yutaka Suzuki, Sumio Sugano, Asao Fujiyama, Shunichi Kosugi, Hideki Hirakawa, Satoshi Tabata, Katsuhisa Ozaki, Hiroya Morimoto, Kunio Ihara, Madoka Obara, Hiroshi Hori, Takehiko Itoh, Haruhiko Fujiwara
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)

In Batesian mimicry, animals avoid predation by resembling distasteful models. In the swallowtail butterfly Papilio polytes, only mimetic-form females resemble the unpalatable butterfly Pachliopta aristolochiae. A recent report showed that a single gene, doublesex (dsx), controls this mimicry; however, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here we determined two whole-genome sequences of P. polytes and a related species, Papilio xuthus, identifying a single ∼130-kb autosomal inversion, including dsx, between mimetic (H-type) and non-mimetic (h-type) chromosomes in P. polytes. This inversion is associated with the mimicry-related locus H, as identified by linkage mapping. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that female-specific dsx isoforms expressed from the inverted H allele (dsx(H)) induce mimetic coloration patterns and simultaneously repress non-mimetic patterns. In contrast, dsx(h) does not alter mimetic patterns. We propose that dsx(H) switches the coloration of predetermined wing patterns and that female-limited polymorphism is tightly maintained by chromosomal inversion.
Maternal factors, medications, and drug exposure in congenital limb reduction defects.
Authors: U G Froster, P A Baird
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

As part of an ongoing study on all limb reduction defects occurring among 1,213,913 consecutive live births in the province of British Columbia, Canada, during 1952-1984, cases with documented maternal drug exposure and chronic maternal diseases were analyzed separately. This population-based study was made possible through the existence of an ongoing Health Surveillance Registry, which documents all infants born with congenital, genetic, or chronically handicapping conditions in the province of British Columbia. Strict rules of confidentiality are obeyed. For this part of the analysis of limb reduction defects, cases with documented maternal illness, drug abuse, and exposure to environmental hazards early in pregnancy were analyzed as a separate group to identify specific, recurring patterns of anomalies. A total of 51 cases with possibly related maternal factors were identified. Among them were five cases with maternal epilepsy, four cases with documented maternal diabetes, and three cases with uterine anomalies. Three infants, all born in 1962, had documented thalidomide exposure. It is rarely possible to identify particular teratogenic factors or specific maternal factors as etiologically related to the pattern of limb reduction defects or a spectrum of congenital malformations. Exposure to environmental factors during pregnancy is not reliably registered and can thus only occasionally be ascertained in retrospective studies. This means that very large numbers of cases and cross-referencing to other family members are required to assess whether a potential teratogen is related to limb defects or not.
Tumor Size, Vascular Density and Proliferation as Prognostic Markers in GS 6 and GS 7 Prostate Tumors in Patients with Long Follow-Up and Non-Curative Treatment
Authors: Andreas Josefsson, Pernilla Wikström, Torvald Granfors, Lars Egevad, Lars Karlberg, Pär Stattin, Anders Bergh
Journal: European Urology (2005)