tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of pregnancy-associated plasma proteins in human placenta.
Authors: T M Lin, S P Halbert, D Kiefer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

By immunochemical methods and simultaneous measurements of several normal plasma proteins, human placenta was shown to contain elevated quantities of four pregnancy-associated plasma proteins (PAPP's). In the order of increasing amounts, PAPP-A, PAPP-C, PAPP-B, and human chorionic somatomammotropin (PAPP-D) all were present in placenta extracts in quantities greater than could be expected on the basis of their content in maternal blood. In sharp contrast, the placental content of pregnancy zone protein could be entirely accounted for by the maternal plasma present in the placenta. All of the PAPP's appeared to be readily extractible from placental tissue with buffered saline, the large bulk of them being solubilized in the first extraction procedure. However, absorption studies indicated that appreciable quantities of the PAPP's were still present in the insoluble placental residue after 12 sequential extractions with saline. The chorioamniotic membranes were not significantly enriched in any of the PAPP's. Immunochemical analysis of unwashed placental tissue extracts for the PAPP's IgA, and IgM (maternal blood derived), as well as albumin and transferrin (maternal and fetal blood derived), permitted calculations to be made of the amount of blood and PAPP's in placenta. On the basis of these data, it was roughly estimated that a 400-g placenta (wet weight) would occupy 312 ml in volume, and would contain 144 ml of blood. Of this blood, 36 ml would be derived from the mother.
Whole-genome sequence–based analysis of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Authors: Alanna C. Morrison, Arend Voorman, Andrew D. Johnson, Xiaoming Liu, Jin Yu, Alexander Li, Donna Muzny, Fuli Yu, Kenneth Rice, Chengsong Zhu, Joshua Bis, Gerardo Heiss, Christopher J.O. Donnell, Bruce M. Psaty, L. Adrienne Cupples, Richard Gibbs, Eric Boerwinkle
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
Nasobiliary drainage induces long-lasting remission in benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
Authors: Janneke M. Stapelbroek, Karel J. van Erpecum, Leo W. J. Klomp, Niels G. Venneman, Thijs P. Schwartz, Gerard P. van Berge Henegouwen, John Devlin, Carin M. J. van Nieuwkerk, A. S. Knisely, Roderick H. J. Houwen
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) is characterized by episodic cholestasis and pruritus without anatomical obstruction. Effective medical treatment is not available. We report complete and long-lasting disappearance of pruritus and normalization of serum bile salt concentrations in cholestatic BRIC patients within 24 hours after endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (NBD). Relative amounts of phospholipids and bile salts in bile collected during NBD appeared to be normal, but phospholipids other than phosphatidylcholine (especially sphingomyelin) were increased. In conclusion, we propose that temporary endoscopic nasobiliary drainage should be considered in cholestatic BRIC patients.
Screening tests: likelihood ratios
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The accuracy of asking patients two questions as a screening tool for depression in primary care was assessed.1 The questions focused on depression and pleasure within the past month. Consecutive patients not taking psychotropic drugs who attended their general practice were invited to participate, of whom 421 agreed. Patients were asked the two questions at any time during their consultation, and if the response to either was positive then screening was considered “positive” and the patient deemed at “high risk” of depression; otherwise screening was considered “negative” and the patient deemed at “low risk” of depression. A self completed, computerised international diagnostic interview was used to diagnose depression.

The two questions showed a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of …
Synchronization of neural activity and information processing
Authors: Roman Borisyuk, Galina Borisyuk, Yakov Kazanovich
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Synchronization of neural activity in oscillatory neural networks is a general principle of information processing in the brain at both preattentional and attentional levels. This is confirmed by a model of attention based on an oscillatory neural network with a central element and models of feature binding and working memory based on multi-frequency oscillations.
Statins as antioxidant therapy for preventing cardiac myocyte hypertrophy
Authors: Masao Takemoto, Koichi Node, Hironori Nakagami, Yulin Liao, Michael Grimm, Yaeko Takemoto, Masafumi Kitakaze, James K. Liao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Cardiac hypertrophy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The hypertrophic process is mediated, in part, by small G proteins of the Rho family. We hypothesized that statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, inhibit cardiac hypertrophy by blocking Rho isoprenylation. We treated neonatal rat cardiac myocytes with angiotensin II (AngII) with and without simvastatin (Sim) and found that Sim decreased AngII-induced protein content, [3H] leucine uptake, and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) promoter activity. These effects were associated with decreases in cell size, membrane Rho activity, superoxide anion (O2·̄) production, and intracellular oxidation, and were reversed with L-mevalonate or geranylgeranylpyrophosphate, but not with farnesylpyrophosphate or cholesterol. Treatments with the Rho inhibitor C3 exotoxin and with cell-permeable superoxide dismutase also decreased AngII-induced O2·̄ production and myocyte hypertrophy. Overexpression of the dominant-negative Rho mutant N17Rac1 completely inhibited AngII-induced intracellular oxidation and ANF promoter activity, while N19RhoA partially inhibited it, and N17Cdc42 had no effect. Indeed, Sim inhibited cardiac hypertrophy and decreased myocardial Rac1 activity and O2·̄ production in rats treated with AngII infusion or subjected to transaortic constriction. These findings suggest that statins prevent the development of cardiac hypertrophy through an antioxidant mechanism involving inhibition of Rac1.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography and Sphincterotomy for Complicated Hepatic Hydatid Cyst
Authors: T. Ponchon, R. Bory, A. Chavaillon
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

We report on the results of 20 endoscopic cholangiographies indicated for hepatic hydatid disease: 14 for pre-operative investigation and 6 for post-surgical complications. In 4 out of 14 cases, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) was not an effective procedure for the pre-operative diagnosis of complicated hepatic hydatid cyst in the biliary tract. Endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed without complications in 9 patients and permitted pre- or post-surgical removal of intrabiliary hydatid fragments in 6, successful treatments of 2 post-surgical external biliary fistulae and in association with transhepatic drainage, improvement of the clinical and biological course of one case of secondary sclerosing cholangitis. Endoscopic sphincterotomy might be indicated not only in the case of ERC diagnosis of complicated hepatic hydatic cyst, but also in the case of isolated cholangitis in patients with hepatic hydatid disease, and for complications of surgical treatment.
Clonal expansion in evolution of chronic hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma as seen at an X-chromosome locus
Authors: Toshiya Ochiai, Yoji Urata, Takeshi Yamano, Hisakazu Yamagishi, Tsukasa Ashihara
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Clonal analysis has shown that hepatocellular carcinoma arises from a single cell. However, the clonality of precancerous lesions and adjacent nonneoplastic tissues is not clear. We analyzed a human androgen receptor locus to elucidate the clonal state of liver tissues including post-hepatitic lesions associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. The analysis was based on a restriction fragment length polymorphism involving an androgen receptor locus on the X chromosome, taking advantage of physiologic random inactivation by methylation of 1 of 2 X chromosomes in females during embryogenesis. Clonality was assessed in 79 randomly located tissue samples microdissected from noncirrhotic liver, including a total of 40 morphologically normal sites in 4 normal livers and 39 sites from a single HCV-infected liver. In addition, 51 regenerative nodules, 4 areas of adenomatous hyperplasia, and 18 hepatocellular carcinomas were sampled. All samples were obtained from livers involved by various neoplasms. Eight of forty samples (20.0%) from the four normal livers and 20 of the 39 samples (51.3%) from the single HCV-infected liver showed a monoclonal pattern. Moreover, 30 of 51 regenerative nodules (58.9%) showed a monoclonal pattern. No histologic differences were evident between mono- and polyclonal nodules. On the other hand, the 18 carcinomas and 4 areas of adenomatous hyperplasia all were monoclonal. Mean calculated monoclonal areas of normal liver and liver with chronic hepatitis were 1.1 and 3.3 mm(2). Our results suggest that areas representing a single clone of hepatocytes are present in normal liver, and these progressively expand as changes advance from chronic hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma.
Group Rounds Versus Individual Medical Rounds on a Psychiatric Inpatient Service
Authors: CHARLES GARETZ
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The author conducted a survey of patients and of psychiatric residents who participated in daily group medical rounds. The group method, when compared with individual doctor-patient contact, insures daily contact, saves time, and utilizes the observations and support of other patients. The results of the survey indicated the method's Practical value and its general acceptance by patients and physicians.
TCT-97 Three-dimensional Echocardiographic Measurements of the Aortic Annulus Predict Paravavular Regurgitation following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Rebecca Hahn, Jean-Michel Paradis, Benoit Daneault, Susheel Kodali, Elana Koss, Isaac George, Martin Leon, Mathew Williams
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, ouabain, and xanthine derivatives on crossbridge kinetics in rat cardiac muscle.
Authors: J F Hoh, G H Rossmanith, A M Hamilton
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

In a previous communication, we showed that beta-adrenergic stimulation of cardiac muscles was associated with an increase in the rate of cycling of crossbridges as measured by perturbation analysis in the frequency domain. In this analysis, the frequency at which dynamic stiffness is a minimum (fmin) is taken as a measure of the rate of crossbridge cycling. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that the beta-adrenergic receptor-induced increase in crossbridge cycling rate is mediated by elevation of the intracellular level of cyclic AMP. The approach taken is to compare the effects on fmin in rat papillary muscles during Ba(2+)-activated contractures of 1) an agonist of cyclic AMP that can easily penetrate the cell, namely, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, 2) agents that block cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, namely, the xanthine derivatives isobutylmethylxanthine and caffeine, and 3) an inotropic agent that does not affect the intracellular level of cyclic AMP, namely, ouabain. Our results showed that dibutyryl cyclic AMP at a dose of 5 mM has the same actions as beta-adrenergic stimulation: it potentiated the isometric twitch force, reduced the time to peak tension and time to half relaxation, and shifted fmin by a factor of 1.8 +/- 0.1 (n = 5). Isobutylmethylxanthine at up to 1.1 mM also acted in the same manner, increasing fmin by a factor of 1.8 +/- 0.2 (n = 6), but ouabain, at a dose (0.03 mM) sufficient to potentiate twitch force by 40 +/- 2% (n = 4), was without effect on the time course of the twitch nor was fmin changed (n = 4). Our findings support the hypothesis that a beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated increase in crossbridge cycling rate is due to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP level and illustrate the usefulness of the frequency domain analysis approach in the analysis of the mechanism of action of inotropic agents.
Outcomes of interferon and ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C in patients with normal serum aminotransaminases
Authors: C-K Hui
Journal: Gut (2003)

Information on treatment outcomes with interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C patients with normal alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels is limited.The aims of this study were to assess outcomes of treatment with interferon plus ribavirin in patients with normal ALT levels (normal ALT group, n=52) compared with those with elevated ALT levels (raised ALT group, n=53), and to document the rate at which patients with normal ALT levels have an apparent worsening of disease, as shown by increases in ALT levels.At the end of treatment (week 48), 31 patients (59.6%) in the normal ALT group and 30 patients (56.6%) in the raised ALT group had undetectable hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA (p=0.75). A sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 20 patients (38.5%) in the normal ALT group and in 21 patients (39.6%) in the raised ALT group (p=0.90). Patients were subsequently followed up for a median of 29.8 (interquartile range 25th-75th percentile (IQR) 20.8-36.2) months in the normal ALT group and for a median of 26.1 (IQR 17.7-36.3) months in the raised group (p=0.20) after week 72 of treatment. Among patients without SVR in the normal ALT group, only three patients (9.4%) developed persistently raised ALT levels following therapy.Combination therapy with interferon plus ribavirin is associated with a similar SVR in patients with normal ALT levels compared with those with elevated ALT levels. In patients with normal ALT levels, virological non-response to therapy results in new elevations in serum ALT levels in a small minority only.
Wrinkles due to idiopathic loss of mid-dermal elastic tissue
Authors: WALTER B. SHELLEY, MARGARET GRAY WOOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Widespread areas of fine wrinkling of the skin had been noted for 2 years by a 42-year-old healthy white woman. Histological study disclosed a selective absence of elastic tissue strictly limited to the mid-dermis ofthe involved areas. It was postulated that an antecedent urticarial process may have led to such a specific zonal destruction of elastic tissue. The elastolytic process did not change or extend, and no urticarial lesions were seen dtiring a year of observation.
Treatment for colorectal cancer should be based on genetic analysis
Authors: Claire Laurent
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Genetic analysis of colorectal cancers, rather than the current method of staging based on tumour anatomy and histology, would lead to better treatment regimes, a UK expert has proposed.

Patrick Johnston, director of the cancer research centre at Queen's University, Belfast, said he believed that this “paradigm shift” in classifying tumours would improve estimation of prognosis and targeting of treatment. Speaking at the National Cancer Research Institute's conference in Birmingham this week, Professor Johnston argued that genetic profiling of tumours would allow clinicians to identify which patients with …
Effect of 10 Days of Bed Rest on Skeletal Muscle in Healthy Older Adults
Authors: Patrick Kortebein, Arny Ferrando, Juan Lombeida, Robert Wolfe, William J. Evans
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Body Image: A Handbook of Theory, Research, and Clinical Practice
Authors: Marijo B. Tamburrino
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparison of phytoncide with sirolimus as a novel drug candidate for drug-eluting stent
Authors: Sung Nam Kang, Si-Eun Kim, Jiyeon Choi, Kwideok Park, Jae Hwan Goo, Doo Sun Sim, Young Joon Hong, Ju Han Kim, Yoon Ki Joung, Jay Lee, Myung Ho Jeong, Dong Keun Han
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
A PDZ-interacting domain in CFTR is an apical membrane polarization signal
Authors: Bryan D. Moyer, Jerod Denton, Katherine H. Karlson, Donna Reynolds, Shusheng Wang, John E. Mickle, Michal Milewski, Garry R. Cutting, William B. Guggino, Min Li, Bruce A. Stanton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Polarization of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated chloride channel, to the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells is critical for vectorial transport of chloride in a variety of epithelia, including the airway, pancreas, intestine, and kidney. However, the motifs that localize CFTR to the apical membrane are unknown. We report that the last 3 amino acids in the COOH-terminus of CFTR (T-R-L) comprise a PDZ-interacting domain that is required for the polarization of CFTR to the apical plasma membrane in human airway and kidney epithelial cells. In addition, the CFTR mutant, S1455X, which lacks the 26 COOH-terminal amino acids, including the PDZ-interacting domain, is mispolarized to the lateral membrane. We also demonstrate that CFTR binds to ezrin-radixin-moesin–binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50), an apical membrane PDZ domain–containing protein. We propose that COOH-terminal deletions of CFTR, which represent about 10% of CFTR mutations, result in defective vectorial chloride transport, partly by altering the polarized distribution of CFTR in epithelial cells. Moreover, our data demonstrate that PDZ-interacting domains and PDZ domain–containing proteins play a key role in the apical polarization of ion channels in epithelial cells.
Sound-Pressure Correlates of the Aortic Ejection Sound
Authors: ARTHUR V. WHITTAKER, JAMES A. SHAVER, SAMUEL GRAY, JAMES J. LEONARD
Journal: Circulation (1969)

The sound-pressure correlates of the aortic ejection sound (AES) were studied in six patients without aortic valve disease (group 1) and in nine patients with valvular aortic stenosis (group 2) during diagnostic left heart catheterization. Aortic root sound and pressure events were recorded by a catheter-tip micromanometer simultaneously with the external phonocardiogram, indirect carotid pulse, and electrocardiogram. The AES in group 1 patients was coincident with the onset of pressure rise in the aortic root. This relationship was not altered by drug administration, although variations in the amplitude of the AES occurred. It was concluded that the AES in patients without aortic valvular disease is an exaggerated ejection component of the normal first heart sound, and that it is a root phenomenon related to the forceful ejection of blood into the aorta. The AES in group 2 patients was delayed 24 to 40 msec after the onset of pressure rise in the aortic root, was coincident with the anacrotic notch, and introduced the aortic ejection murmur. Aortic root sound and pressure were recorded simultaneously with aortic valve motion during angiography in two patients utilizing a cine trace system. The AES occurred when the domed valve reached its maximal excursion, and the interval between the onset of aortic pressure rise and the AES was equal to the total time required for the piston-like ascent of the dome. It was concluded that the AES in valvular aortic stenosis is valvular in origin. The amplitude of the valvular AES correlated best with valve mobility on the angiogram, and no correlation existed between its presence and the severity of the valvular stenosis.
Automated External Defibrillators Inaccessible to More Than Half of Nearby Cardiac Arrests in Public Locations During Evening, Nighttime, and Weekends
Authors: Carolina Malta Hansen, Mads Wissenberg, Peter Weeke, Martin Huth Ruwald, Morten Lamberts, Freddy Knudsen Lippert, Gunnar Hilmar Gislason, Søren Loumann Nielsen, Lars Køber, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Fredrik Folke
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Despite wide dissemination, use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in community settings is limited. We assessed how AED accessibility affected coverage of cardiac arrests in public locations. Methods and Results— We identified cardiac arrests in public locations (1994–2011) in terms of location and time and viewed them in relation to the location and accessibility of all AEDs linked to the emergency dispatch center as of December 31, 2011, in Copenhagen, Denmark. AED coverage of cardiac arrests was defined as cardiac arrests within 100 m (109.4 yd) of an AED and further categorized according to AED accessibility at the time of cardiac arrest. Daytime, evening, and nighttime were defined as 8 am to 3:59 pm , 4 to 11:59 pm , and midnight to 7:59 am , respectively. Of 1864 cardiac arrests in public locations, 61.8% (n=1152) occurred during the evening, nighttime, or weekends. Of 552 registered AEDs, 9.1% (n=50) were accessible at all hours, and 96.4% (n=532) were accessible during the daytime on all weekdays. Regardless of AED accessibility, 28.8% (537 of 1864) of all cardiac arrests were covered by an AED. Limited AED accessibility decreased coverage of cardiac arrests by 4.1% (9 of 217) during the daytime on weekdays and by 53.4% (171 of 320) during the evening, nighttime, and weekends. Conclusions— Limited AED accessibility at the time of cardiac arrest decreased AED coverage by 53.4% during the evening, nighttime, and weekends, which is when 61.8% of all cardiac arrests in public locations occurred. Thus, not only strategic placement but also uninterrupted AED accessibility warrant attention if public-access defibrillation is to improve survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.