tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ventricular/vascular interaction in patients with mild systemic hypertension and normal peripheral resistance.
Authors: W W Nichols, M F O'Rourke, A P Avolio, T Yaginuma, C J Pepine, C R Conti
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Total left ventricular external power and aortic input impedance spectra were calculated from recordings of pulsatile pressure and flow in the ascending aorta of 22 human subjects undergoing cardiac catheterization. Eleven subjects had increased aortic pressure (systolic 153 +/- 3.8[SEM] mm Hg, p less than .001; diastolic 91 +/- 2.4 mm Hg, p less than .03; mean 118 +/- 2.4 mm Hg, p less than .001) and constituted the group with mild hypertension (average age 50 +/- 1.9 years). The other 11 (age-matched) subjects had normal arterial pressures and constituted the control group. Cardiac output in the hypertensive group was abnormally high (6.9 +/- 0.3 liters/min, p less than .04) compared with that in control subjects (6.1 +/- 0.2 liters/min), so that peripheral resistance was similar. Characteristic aortic impedance (index of aortic elastance) was increased in the hypertensive group (142 +/- 19 vs 72 +/- 4.5 dyne-sec-cm-5, p less than .002), as was the fluctuation of impedance moduli and phase. These elevated pulsatile components of arterial load were associated with a significant (p less than .002) increase in pulsatile left ventricular external power (89%), and the increased cardiac output was associated with a significant (p less than .001) increase in steady flow power (31%). The ratio of pulsatile to total power was also increased (38%) in the hypertensive group (p less than .001). Increased characteristic aortic impedance in the hypertensive group suggests that the human aorta is stiffer, and fluctuations in the impedance spectra suggest increased or less dispersed wave reflections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of ventilatory strategy on cardiac output during high frequency jet ventilation
Authors: J. H Traverse, H. Korvenranta, W. A Carlo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective – The aim was to study the effects of changes in ventilation variables on cardiac function during high frequency jet ventilation. Design – Controlled changes in mean airway pressure (2-10 cm H20), tidal volume (4 and 8 ml), and frequency (4-8 Hz) were used to assess the effects of ventilatory variables on cardiac output in cats with normal and reduced lung compliance during high frequency jet ventilation. Cardiac output was continuously measured with an electromagnetic flow probe placed around the aorta. Respiratory compliance was reduced by lung lavage. Experimental material – Seven anaesthetised adults cats, weight 3.0(SEM 0.2) kg, were used in the study. Measurements and main results – Cardiac output fell as mean airway pressure was raised from 2 to 10 cm H20 at all frequencies and tidal volumes. At identical levels of minute ventilation and mean airway pressure, cardiac output was improved with combinations of smaller tidal volumes and higher frequencies. Reducing respiratory compliance by lung lavage dampened the effect of mean airway pressure on cardiac output, but maintained the relationship between ventilatory variables observed before lavage. Conclusion – At identical settings of minute ventilation and mean airway pressure, cardiac output may be improved with smaller tidal volumes during high frequency jet ventilation.
A Reluctant Doctor Shopper
Authors: June Bingham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

On Being a Patient1 October 1997A Reluctant Doctor ShopperJune BinghamJune BinghamBronx, NY 10471Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-7-199710010-00010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A healthy septuagenarian, I found myself on a Monday night dreaming that I was fainting. I woke up and was fainting.On Tuesday, I forgot a lunch date for the first time in my life. That night, I again dreamed that I was fainting-and was.On Wednesday, I wondered whether to engage in my regular tennis game. “Oh well,” I thought. “When in doubt, exercise.” Afterward, to my surprise, I felt much peppier and less forgetful.On Thursday, however, while walking the dog, I had to sit down on a rock and put my head between my knees. Even so, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: June BinghamAffiliations: Bronx, NY 10471Corresponding Author: June Bingham, 5000 Independence Avenue, Bronx, NY 10471. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 7Page: 569-570KeywordsGamesHeartIntensive care unitsPacemakersSurgeonsSyncopeTechniciansThoraxTouchWalking ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Three DNA Methylation Epigenotypes in Human Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Koichi Yagi, Kiwamu Akagi, Hiroshi Hayashi, Genta Nagae, Shingo Tsuji, Takayuki Isagawa, Yutaka Midorikawa, Yoji Nishimura, Hirohiko Sakamoto, Yasuyuki Seto, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Atsushi Kaneda
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Whereas the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in colorectal cancer associates with microsatellite instability (MSI)-high and BRAF-mutation(+), the existence of an intermediate-methylation subgroup associated with KRAS-mutation(+) is controversial, and suitable markers for the subgroup have yet to be developed. Our aim is to clarify DNA methylation epigenotypes of colorectal cancer more comprehensively.To select new methylation markers on a genome-wide scale, we did methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-on-chip analysis of colorectal cancer cell lines and re-expression array analysis by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine/Trichostatin A treatment. Methylation levels were analyzed quantitatively in 149 colorectal cancer samples using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Colorectal cancer was epigenotyped by unsupervised two-way hierarchical clustering method.Among 1,311 candidate silencing genes, 44 new markers were selected and underwent quantitative methylation analysis in colorectal cancer samples together with 16 previously reported markers. Colorectal cancer was clustered into high-, intermediate-, and low-methylation epigenotypes. Methylation markers were clustered into two major groups: group 1 showing methylation in high-methylation epigenotype, and group 2 showing methylation in high- and intermediate-methylation epigenotypes. A two-step marker panel deciding epigenotypes was developed with 95% accuracy: the 1st panel consisting of three group-1 markers (CACNA1G, LOX, SLC30A10) to extract high-methylation epigenotype, and the 2nd panel consisting of four group-2 markers (ELMO1, FBN2, THBD, HAND1) and SLC30A10 again to divide the remains into intermediate- and low-methylation epigenotypes. The high-methylation epigenotype correlated significantly with MSI-high and BRAF-mutation(+) in concordance with reported CIMP. Intermediate-epigenotype significantly correlated with KRAS-mutation(+). KRAS-mutation(+) colorectal cancer with intermediate-methylation epigenotype showed significantly worse prognosis.Three methylation epigenotypes exist in colorectal cancer, and suitable classification markers have been developed. Intermediate-methylation epigenotype with KRAS-mutation(+) correlated with worse prognosis.
Airline's magazine promotes production of tobacco products
Authors: N J Fulop, M McKee, P Jones
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - During a recent British Airways flight we were appalled to read, in the company's Business Life magazine, an article celebrating the profits to be made from producing tobacco products in eastern Europe.1 The article described in glowing terms how one entrepreneur had negotiated a licence to produce tobacco products in an eastern European country and, through careful tax planning, had enabled profits to be brought back to …
HIGH LEVELS OF ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYL-ARGININE (ADMA) INCREASE RESIDUAL PLATELET REACTIVITY AFTER CLOPIDOGREL ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE PCI
Authors: Annunziata Nusca, Giacomo Di Giovanni, Laura Gatto, Giuseppe Patti, Andrea D’Ambrosio, Rocco Contuzzi, Germano Di Sciascio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Medical Perspectives on Habituation and Addiction
Authors: Maurice H. Seevers
Journal: JAMA (1962)

SINCE PHYSICIANS are rarely semanticists, many common terms have been endowed with specific medical or scientific connotations through the process of unfortunate selection, extensive use, and periodic redefinition. Such is the case with the terms habituation and addiction as used by physicians and scientists to denote the excessive use and the abuse of drugs which affect the central nervous system.  Unfortunately, no qualitative distinction between the terms is implied in their common use. These terms are usually employed as if they were synonymous. By association, both terms have an almost generic connotation of evil and are used to indicate illicit ecstasy, guilt, and sin. If any distinction is made between the terms by the layman, the term addiction usually carries the greater stigma. Thus, great confusion exists in attempting to harmonize medical with common meanings, since the public image of a drug is conditioned by its implications in sociological rather
Pathology of chronic hepatitis b virus infection in children: With special reference to the intrahepatic expression of hepatitis B virus antigens
Authors: Hey-Chi Hsu, Yon-Ho Lin, Mei-Hwei Chang, Ih-Jen Su, Ding-Shinn Chen
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

The clinical, virologic and pathologic features of chronic hepatitis B virus infection were studied in 66 children, of whom 29 were symptomatic and 37 asymptomatic. The majority (79%) of symptomatic children had histologically aggressive diseases: 11 had chronic active hepatitis and 10 had cirrhosis. In contrast, most asymptomatic children had nonaggressive diseases (35 cases); only 2 had chronic active hepatitis. Nine of the 10 children with cirrhosis were under 6 years of age, and the cirrhosis was often advanced, indicating that hepatitis B virus infection can cause the rapid development of cirrhosis in early life. HBcAg was present in 71% of 62 cases examined and correlated well with the status of HBeAg in serum. Cytoplasmic HBcAg was more frequently associated with aggressive disease than was nuclear HBcAg expression alone or no detectable HBcAg in the liver. A male predominance (75%) was found, particularly in children with aggressive diseases (91%) compared to those with nonaggressive forms of disease (67%). Sera from mothers of 43 of these children were tested for HBsAg, and 51% were positive. HBsAg was particularly common among mothers of children with symptomatic disease (69%) or cirrhosis (100%). These findings suggest that male sex and perinatal infection are important factors in the development of overt chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis in children.
IMMEDIATE SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF DYSENTERY
Authors: B. Hughes, H. S. Banks
Journal: BMJ (1920)

_Xn"JOAA 2. Weiler8wist and Gross Vernich.The combined population of these two villages was estimated at 2,492.The villagers were informed by proelamation by the Burgom'eister of the arrangements made for inoculation.They were similar to those adopted at Euskirchen.Tlhe nmnbers receiving first and secolnd doses were 1,763 allnd 1,738 respectively, thus over 70 per cent. of the popu- lation of the villages were protected by two doses.The agc limits were fixed at 6 and 55 years.3. Sechlem, Merten, Trip1il1esdorf, and Wlcttberberg.These four villages were very closely adjacent, and their total population was given as 5,010.Similar orders were issued,-and the numbers inoculated at tlle first and second period were respectively 3,314 and 3,417.Between 65 and 70 per cent., tlhen, had received tlle two doses.eASES OF TYPHaOID FEVER.Tllere were 199 cases of typhoid fever in thle three epidemics in the town and villages of a coiubinect popu- lation of about 20,000, and of these cases 34 died- approximately 17 per cent.Four of tllese deaths occurred in people who had been recenitly inoculated twice.The onset of the disease began within the first twenty-four hours after the second inocu- lation `2 cases), on the eiglhthl day after, -and on the nine- teentlh day after the second dose.Two other deatls occurred in cases after the first inoculation, and in each case the symptoms began witlhin the first twenty-four hours.Theie were altogether thirty-eiglit cases of typhoid following inoculation, and amongst them tlhere were six deatlhs-that is, mortality = 15.7 per cenit.With the exception of these six deaths practically all these cases were of a light nature. SUMMARY.Tt is hardly justifiable to arrive at any definite con- clusion from the above figures.Tlle daily numbers of onset were very much on the decrease before the inoculation was begun, but it must be remembered tllat some cases were not removed at once to the hospitals for isolation and they were acting as sources of infection for some time afterwards.During the early period of inoculation there were probably more sources of infection " at large " than appear at first sighit, and one wvould be inclined to imagine mnore people, as a result, incubating the disease.The fact
Abstract 2041: Development and analysis of mouse brain tumor models derived from neural stem cells expressing activated ALK
Authors: Nobuyuki Onishi, Oltea Sampetrean, Eiji Sugihara, Hideyuki Saya
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Neural Stem Cells (NSCs), having self-renewal and multipotent ability, are considered one of the cells-of-origin of glioblastoma maltifome (GBM). Although NSCs can be enriched in neurosphere floating culture with serum-free media containing EGF/FGF as a classical method, neurosphere is composed of not only NSCs but also differentiated and apoptotic cells. Therefore, we utilize the method for efficient derivation of NSCs with long-term self-renewal and differentiate capacity in adherent culture. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase first identified in a chromosomal translocation associated with anaplastic large cell lymphomas. Subsequently, new ALK translocations were found in a fraction of non-small-cell lung cancers and in other solid tumors. The function of full-length ALK is involved in neuronal cell differentiation, regeneration and synapse formation. Recently, gene amplification and mutations of full-length ALK were identified in neuroblastoma. Furthermore, it is reported that ALK and PTN, ligand of ALK, are required for maintenance of the stem cell population in GBM. Although constitutive activation of ALK signaling results in cell transformation, little is known about the tumorigenic mechanisms induced by activated ALK. We reasoned that ALK activity has a crucial role in GBM. To verify this hypothesis, human GBM stem cell lines were treated with crizotinib, ALK inhibitor. Crizotinib could suppress the proliferation of human GBM stem cell lines in dose-dependent-manner. Next, we have established a stable mouse model of brain tumor transplanting the genetically modified NSCs. Active mutant of H-RAS could transform the Ink4a/Arf KO NSCs but not WT NSCs. However, transplanting of WT NSCs transduced activated ALK could rapidly formed highly proliferative and invasive brain tumors. Histological characteristics of these tumors resembled human GBM phenotype demonstrating necrosis, perivascular cuffing and giant cell formation. Although the activated H-RAS increased expression of Ink4a in WT NSCs, but the activated ALK never changed. On the basis of these findings, we propose a specific regulation against tumor suppressor genes by activated ALK. Citation Format: Nobuyuki Onishi, Oltea Sampetrean, Eiji Sugihara, Hideyuki Saya. Development and analysis of mouse brain tumor models derived from neural stem cells expressing activated ALK. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2041. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2041
EBV-associated perianal Hodgkin's disease in an HIV-positive individual
Authors: Michelle Sapp, Bayardo Perez-Ordonez, Fred Brenneman, Kevin Imrie, Isabella Morava-Protzner, Megan S. Lim
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Hodgkin's disease (HD) has a higher incidence in HIV-positive individuals. It tends to occur at extranodal sites, frequently exhibits an unfavorable histological type with large numbers of neoplastic cells, and almost invariably harbors Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). We describe a case of a 33-year-old HIV-positive man who presented with anal pain from a 4-cm mass in the anorectal canal. He had no B symptoms or peripheral lymphadenopathy. A chest X-ray was within normal limits. A biopsy showed an ulcerated mass composed of a mixed infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells positive for CD15 and strongly positive for CD30. They were negative for CD45 and CD20. Numerous RS cells and lymphocytes were positive for EBV RNA using the EBER-1 probe. This highly unusual presentation of HD may reflect the greater incidence of anorectal lymphoma and of extranodal HD in the HIV-positive population.
Textbook of Dermatology
Authors: Peter N. Horvath
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The<i>Textbook of Dermatology</i>by Rook and collaborators is an impressive newcomer, primarily intended as a reference for the serious student of dermatology, and is an admirable encyclopedic compilation of knowledge in its field. The individual subjects in this book are discussed in a standardized format, making it rather easy to scan rapidly any given topic. Another welcome innovation is the listing of pertinent references immediately following each topic rather than at the end of the chapters. The references are international in scope and quite up-to-date. The 1,059 black-and-white photographs are well reproduced. The index at the end of volume 2 is quite detailed, although an index in each volume would have been even more convenient. On the whole the discussion is impartial and colorless. Understandably, correlating an enormous amount of knowledge into a rather standardized format by a group leaves little opportunity for individual self-expression. The differences in arrangements
An open letter to the General Medical Services Committee
Authors: G. W Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1983)

any dose response relation which might be present in the remaining patients.The question needing an answer is whether patients with hypertension which is uncontrolled by acebutolol plus (say) hydrochlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily will benefit from an increase in dose to (say) 25 mg daily.To answer this all patients with blood pressure controlled by acebutolol alone and all those controlled by acebutolol plus hydro- chlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily must be excluded from study.Those uncontrolled by acebutolol plus hydrochlorothiazide 12 5 mg daily should be randomly allocated to continue on 12-5 mg daily or to increase to 25 mg daily, preferably in a parallel group design,' and certainly in sufficient numbers to ensure that a negative study really does mean no difference between the doses."Until we have results from valid studies of this type any statement about the ceiling antihypertensive dosage of thiazides or other antihypertensive drugs is unjustified and could be seriously misleading.
Redox Modulation of Adjacent Thiols in VLA-4 by AS101 Converts Myeloid Leukemia Cells from a Drug-Resistant to Drug-Sensitive State
Authors: Adi Layani-Bazar, Itai Skornick, Alain Berrebi, Maor H. Pauker, Elad Noy, Alon Silberman, Michael Albeck, Dan L. Longo, Yona Kalechman, Benjamin Sredni
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Interaction between the integrin VLA-4 on acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells with stromal fibronectin is a decisive factor in chemotherapeutic resistance. In this study, we provide a rationale for a drug repositioning strategy to blunt integrin activation in AML cells and restore their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Specifically, we demonstrate that the nontoxic tellurium compound AS101, currently being evaluated in clinical trials, can abrogate the acquired resistance of AML. Mechanistic investigations revealed that AS101 caused redox inactivation of adjacent thiols in the exofacial domain of VLA-4 after its ligation to stromal fibronectin. This effect triggered cytoskeletal conformational changes that decreased PI3K/Akt/Bcl2 signaling, an obligatory step in chemosensitization by AS101. In a mouse xenograft of AML derived from patient leukemic cells with high VLA-4 expression and activity, we demonstrated that AS101 abrogated drug resistance and prolonged survival in mice receiving chemotherapy. Decreased integrin activity was confirmed on AML cells in vivo. The chemosensitizing activity of AS101 persisted in hosts with defective adaptive and innate immunity, consistent with evidence that integrin deactivation was not mediated by heightening immune attack. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale to reposition the experimental clinical agent, AS101, to degrade VLA-4-mediated chemoresistance and improve clinical responses in patients with AML.
Aneurysm presenting as a breast mass.
Authors: T C Dehn, E C Lee
Journal: BMJ (1986)

A matched pair t test gave a mean difference of0 60 (stdard etr 0o12, 95% confidence interval 0-37 to 0-83, t=511, df=187, p<187,; the ur'nary fibrinolytic activity scale multiplicative factor was thus 1-83, 95% c e interval 1-45 to 2 30).This was a strongly statistically signnt result, as expected, since 125 patients with stones had lower urinary fibrinolytic activities than their controls.
TCT-589 Comparison of everolimus-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting coronary stents in diabetic patients: 5 year follow up from the COMPARE I trial
Authors: Georgios J. Vlachojannis, Kees-Jan Royaards, Marielle A. Koper, Adriaan O. Kraaijeveld, Bianca M. Boxma-de Klerk, Jochem Wassing, Martin van der Ent, Pieter C. Smits
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tc-99m MDP Bone Scintigraphy in Septic Shock
Authors: Sugama Chicklore, Humayun Bashir, Sanjay Vijayanathan, Gopinath Gnanasegaran
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

An 8-year-old girl presented with a history of diarrhea, vomiting, and drowsiness. Clinical examination confirmed septic shock with marked metabolic acidosis. As a complication of septicemia, severe ischemia of all 4 limbs was noted from day 1 and she subsequently developed peripheral gangrene. Tc-99m MDP bone scan showed extensive bone infarction in all 4 limbs. Early diagnosis of osteonecrosis and amputation may prevent worsening of sepsis. However, it is not possible to clinically demarcate the level of amputation. Bone scan is a useful diagnostic tool in determining the appropriate level of amputation.
In vivo activation of STAT3 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Evidence for an antiapoptotic function of STAT3
Authors: V H Sommer, O J Clemmensen, O Nielsen, M Wasik, P Lovato, C Brender, K W Eriksen, A Woetmann, C G Kaestel, M H Nissen, C Ropke, S Skov, N Ødum
Journal: Leukemia (2004)