tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nonsurgical Closure of Oversized Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: W. PORSTMANN, K. HIERONYMI, L. WIERNY, H. WARNKE
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Safe and permanent closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can be accomplished with an ivalon plug introduced by catheterization from the femoral artery. The authors' experience thus far obtained from treating more than a hundred patients suggests that the technique described in this paper is a feasible alternative to the surgical approach. A prerequisite has been the size and shape of the PDA, the lumen of which had to be conical in shape and smaller than the lumen of the femoral artery. Now safe closure of oversized PDA complicated by pulmonary hypertension has become possible, using a plug designed with a special mechanism for anchorage to the PDA. The technique of this closure is described in detail in this report of its successful use in a 50-year-old woman patient with an oversized, calcified PDA complicated by pulmonary and systemic hypertension and cystic lung disease. Treating such high-risk cases with transfemoral closure means real improvement in therapy over surgical treatment.
Therapeutic effects of interleukin-4 gene transfer in experimental inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: C M Hogaboam, B A Vallance, A Kumar, C L Addison, F L Graham, J Gauldie, S M Collins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by altered immunoregulation and augmented intestinal synthesis of nitric oxide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of exogenous IL-4, introduced by a recombinant human type 5 adenovirus (Ad5) vector, on the tissue injury associated with an experimental model of colonic immune activation and inflammation. Colitis was induced in rats by the intrarectal administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNB) dissolved in 50% ethanol, and control rats received saline via the same route. 1 h later, all rats were randomized into two groups. The first group was injected intraperitoneally (ip) with 3.0 x 10(6) plaque forming units (PFUs) of Ad5 transfected with murine interleukin-4 (Ad5IL-4) and the second group was injected ip with the same amount of Ad5 expressing the Escherichia coli Lac Z gene (Ad5LacZ). One-half of the colitic and control rats were injected again with 3.0 x 10(6) PFUs of Ad5IL-4 or Ad5LacZ on day 3 of the 6-d study. When introduced once or twice via the peritoneal route into control rats, Ad5LacZ was localized to the serosal lining of the peritoneal cavity, the diaphragm and the liver on day 6. One or two injections of Ad5IL-4 into rats also produced measurable levels of circulating IL-4. TNB-colitis in both Ad5LacZ-treated groups was associated with pronounced elevations in serum IFN-gamma, and mucosal ulceration of the distal colon. Myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II) synthetic activity were also increased by 30- and fivefold, respectively, above control levels in the distal colon. However, two injections of Ad5IL-4 into colitic rats caused the overexpression of IL-4, and significantly inhibited tissue damage, serum and colon IFN-gamma levels and myeloperoxidase activity in the distal colon. In addition, NOS II gene expression and NOS II nitric oxide synthesis was significantly inhibited. No therapeutic effect was observed in rats injected once with Ad5IL-4. Thus, IL-4, introduced by Ad5, is therapeutic during acute inflammation in the rat colon. The therapeutic effect of IL-4 was associated with an inhibition of inducible nitric oxide expression and a reduction in nitric oxide synthesis.
Skin and gullet.
Authors: S Walton, J R Bennett
Journal: Gut (1991)

Diseases ofthe skin and gullet coexist more often than would be expected by chance, though perhaps no more than one might expect consider- ing the ectodermal origin of the oesophageal mucosa.Several types of interaction betwen the skin and the oesophagus are possible:(1) The skin disease is the cause ofoesophageal disease;(2) The skin and oesophageal disease have a common pathology;(3) The two are indirectly related as in the genetic orocutaneous syndromes.Identification ofthe relation is important, both for understanding and clinical management, although some cutaneo-oesophageal relations cannot, at present, be categorised into these groups as our knowledge is insufficient.This review will deal with changes in the skin that are associated with disease in the oeso- phagus, contributing to the common symptom triad of dysphagia/heartburn/acid regurgitation.Oro-oculo-genito-cutaneous syndromes (1) BEHCET'S DISEASE The diagnosis of this heterogeneous disease depends on the identification of its more typical clinical features.The recently revised diagnostic criteria' include recurrent oral ulceration and two of the following: recurrent genital ulcers, eye involvement (uveitis or vasculitis), skin mani- festations (erythema nodosusm or papulopustular/acneiform lesions), and a positive pathergy test.Oesophageal involvement is rare.Erosions, perforated ulcers, widely spreading oesophagitis, and severe stenosis have been described.2There is no specific treatment and steroids are oflimited value.Our own experience suggests that colchi- cine is useful in patients with oral, genital, and ocular disease.3Treatment has to be individually tailored to the patient rather than standardised for all patients.
Rapid ACTH Test with Plasma Aldosterone Levels
Authors: ROBERT G. DLUHY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Plasma cortisol and aldosterone levels were measured in 12 normal persons and in patients with primary and secondary adrenal hypofunction before and 30 minutes after intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg (25 units) α1-24-adrenocorticotrophin (Cortrosyn®). The basal cortisol levels of the normal persons ordinarily doubled; whereas their plasma aldosterone levels increased, on the average, 14 ng/100 ml above control (range, 4 to 29 ng/100 ml). Plasma cortisol levels failed to rise in steroid-treated, asthmatic patients, but their plasma aldosterone levels increased normally. Six patients with panhypopituitarism and five patients with primary adrenal insufficiency had abnormal plasma cortisol responses after ACTH administration. In contrast with patients with primary adrenal insufficiency whose plasma aldosterone levels failed to rise, all patients with panhypopituitarism had significant corticotrophin-stimulated aldosterone increments above the control level of 5 ng/100 ml or greater. Thus, the plasma aldosterone response after intramuscular ACTH administration can be useful in differential diagnosis when adrenal hypofunction is suggested by a subnormal cortisol response.
17 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2: chromosomal assignment and progestin regulation of gene expression in human endometrium.
Authors: M L Casey, P C MacDonald, S Andersson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The cDNAs for two separate human 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17 beta-HSD) have been isolated and sequenced. The well-studied human placental cytosolic 17 beta-HSD (also referred to as estradiol dehydrogenase) preferentially catalyzes the reduction of estrone to estradiol-17 beta and the reduction of the C-20-ketone of progesterone to 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone. This isoform of the enzyme has been referred to as 17 beta-HSD type 1 and localized to chromosome 17. A second 17 beta-HSD isoform (referred to as type 2) is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of human trophoblast and is characterized by the preferential oxidation of the C-17 beta-hydroxyl group of C18- and C19-steroids and the C-20 alpha-hydroxyl group of 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone. In this study, we determined the chromosomal localization of human 17 beta-HSD type 2, the expression of this gene in human endometrium, and the tissue distribution of the mRNA. We found that the human 17 beta-HSD type 2 gene is localized on chromosome 16, 16q24. 17 beta-HSD type 2 mRNA (approximately 1.5 kb) was identified in human endometrial tissues by Northern analysis of total RNA (10 micrograms). The highest levels of 17 beta-HSD type 2 mRNA were found in endometrial tissues obtained during the mid- to late secretory phase of the ovarian cycle (i.e., during the time of high plasma levels of progesterone). 17 beta-HSD type 2 mRNA levels were much greater in glandular epithelium than in the stromal cells isolated from secretory phase endometrium. The levels of 17 beta-HSD type 2 mRNA in secretory phase endometrium were approximately one-tenth that in villous trophoblast tissue from human placenta. We did not detect 17 beta-HSD type 1 mRNA in endometrial tissue by Northern analysis of total (10 micrograms) RNA. These findings are consistent with the view that the progestin-regulated 17 beta-HSD of the glandular epithelium of the human endometrium is primarily, if not exclusively, the product of the 17 beta-HSD type 2 gene. 17 beta-HSD type 2 mRNA was present in human placenta, liver, and small intestine; much smaller amounts, barely detectable by Northern analysis of poly(A)+ RNA, were present in prostate, kidney, pancreas, and colon, but not in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, spleen, thymus, ovary, or testis.
Prospective Evaluation of Joint Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women Initiating Aromatase Inhibitors for Early Stage Breast Cancer.
Authors: K. Crew, A. Podolanczuk, L. Brafman, D. Awad, D. Hershman
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are widely prescribed to postmenopausal women for the adjuvant treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer. However, musculoskeletal complaints, including joint pain and stiffness, are common, and can lead to nonadherence and treatment discontinuation. The aim of this study was to characterize the natural history of the AI-induced arthralgia syndrome.Methods: Postmenopausal women with stage I-III breast cancer initiating adjuvant AI therapy were enrolled. All patients completed the following questionnaires at baseline and every 3 months for a year: Modified Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) index and the Modified Assessment of Chronic Rheumatoid Affections of the Hands (M-SACRAH). Higher scores reflect worsening joint symptoms. Quality of life was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Subscale (FACT-ES), where higher scores signify improved well-being. Hand grip strength was measured at each visit with a Martin dynamometer. Paired t-tests were performed to compare follow-up evaluations to baseline.Results: A total of 34 patients have been enrolled to date. Three-month data is available on 22; six-month data on 12. Median age: 60 (42-81); White/Black/Hispanic/Asian: 13/6/2/1; median BMI (kg/m2): 28 (20-43). Compared to baseline, there was a statistically significant increase in BPI pain severity and pain-related interference at 3 and 6 months. Significant changes in the M-SACRAH were seen as early as 3 months, but no difference in grip strength was detected. Participants reported significantly more endocrine-related symptoms on the FACT-ES at 3 and 6 months after initiating AI therapy.Conclusions: Treatment with adjuvant AI therapy is associated with significant worsening of joint pain and stiffness which was seen as early as 3 months and persisted at the 6 month evaluation. Understanding the natural history of this toxicity and validating appropriate measures to be used in interventions to prevent and treat AI-induced arthralgias are critical. Baseline3 Months6 Months Mean (SD)Mean (SD)P-value*Mean (SD)P-value*BPI-SF Pain Severity (0-10)2.66 (2.52)3.85 (2.48)0.053.96 (2.42)0.02Pain Interference (0-10)1.40 (1.95)3.25 (2.53)0.022.60 (2.51)0.01M-SACRAH Pain (0-200)47 (46)74 (52)0.0373 (65)0.08Stiffness (0-200)51 (45)85 (54)0.0383 (54)0.01Function (0-800)59 (74)129 (143)0.14168 (190)0.05WOMAC Pain (0-500)67 (95)110 (126)0.19113 (135)0.06Stiffness (0-200)29 (40)45 (54)0.4643 (56)0.06Function (0-1700)271 (324)445 (400)0.15468 (373)0.06FACT-ES Functional (0-28)20 (7)20 (6)0.9619 (6)0.15Physical (0-28)22 (5)20 (6)0.4420 (5)0.32Endocrine (0-72)58 (9)52 (14)0.0451 (11)0.01* Based on paired t-test, as compared to baseline. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5044.
Investigating sepsis with biomarkers
Authors: A. S. McLean, B. Tang, S. J. Huang
Journal: BMJ (2015)

#### The bottom line A 65 year old man presents with lethargy, fever, and rigors. On examination his arterial blood pressure is 120/50 mm Hg, he has a mild tachycardia (105 beats/min), and he is febrile (38.7°C), with no other abnormalities. His urine is cloudy and urinary dipstick test shows the presence of leucocytes and nitrate. There is no history of recent travel, urinary symptoms, or drug allergy (including antibiotic sensitivity) and no relevant findings on systems review (such as liver or kidney disease). You promptly establish intravenous access, draw blood for laboratory tests (including blood culture), send a urine sample for microbiology, and administer the first dose of an empirical broad spectrum antibiotic. These clinical signs and symptoms strongly suggest sepsis. However, in a third of patients with sepsis, the causative pathogen cannot be identified.1 The lack of confirmatory evidence of infection often makes the diagnosis of sepsis a challenge. This difficulty is reflected by the inclusion of the words "probable infection" in defining sepsis in the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines (box 1).2 #### Box 1: Definitions and classification of sepsis syndrome2 ##### Systemic inflammatory response syndrome An abnormal increase in two or more of the following parameters:
Everard Inseal Davis
Authors: Peter Davis
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Founder epidemiologist of the Framingham heart studyIn 1945 the Western world emerged from the second world war, only to be confronted by an epidemic of heart disease.The US government responded by setting up a study to identify the causes and to diagnose and treat early disease, though the latter aim was dropped as there was no treatment available.The town of Framingham in Massachusetts was chosen as the site for this study because it had a stable population of 28 000 and was close to Harvard University.The Framingham study, as it was known, became world famous."Along with Ancel Keys's seven country study, this was the work on which all other epidemiology of heart disease stands.There isn't a study that doesn't owe its origin to Framingham,"
THE INFLUENCE OF THE SUPRARENAL GLAND ON THE THYMUS
Authors: Henry L. Jaffe
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. Double suprarenalectomy in growing rats is an additional stimulus for thymic growth and brings about marked prepubertal hyperplasia of this gland. 2. Our results on young rats suggest that the suprarenal cortex may be a factor in the excessive thymic hyperplasias seen in infants and children.
The type I BMP receptor Alk3 is required for the induction of hepatic hepcidin gene expression by interleukin-6
Authors: Claire Mayeur, Lisa K. Lohmeyer, Patricio Leyton, Sonya M. Kao, Alexandra E. Pappas, Starsha A. Kolodziej, Ester Spagnolli, Binglan Yu, Rita L. Galdos, Paul B. Yu, Randall T. Peterson, Donald B. Bloch, Kenneth D. Bloch, Andrea U. Steinbicker
Journal: Blood (2014)
Inflammatory Mediators in Late Antigen-Induced Rhinitis
Authors: Robert M. Naclerio, David Proud, Alkis G. Togias, N. Franklin Adkinson, Deborah A. Meyers, Anne Kagey-Sobotka, Marshall Plaut, Philip S. Norman, Lawrence M. Lichtenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

To investigate the mechanisms responsible for the late-phase response in patients with allergies, we measured four biochemical mediators (histamine, tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester [TAME]-esterase, kinin, and prostaglandin D2) in nasal secretions after nasal challenge with pollen antigen in 12 patients with allergy. Nine patients had an immediate response and a recurrence of symptoms 3 to 11 hours after challenge. The clinical symptoms during recurrence were accompanied by a second increase in levels of histamine, TAME--esterase, and kinin over base-line values, although kinin levels were lower than during the immediate response. In contrast, although the levels of prostaglandin D2 were significantly increased during the immediate response, they did not increase above base line during the late response. Rechallenge with allergen 11 hours after the initial provocation, however, was associated with reappearance of all four biochemical mediators, including prostaglandin D2. We conclude that the late response to nasal challenge with allergen is accompanied by a second increase in the concentrations of histamine and TAME--esterase but differs from the immediate response in the lack of prostaglandin D2 production and in the amount of kinin generated. Since histamine is released only by mast cells and basophils and prostaglandin D2 is not produced by basophils, we suggest that these cells are partly responsible for the late-phase response.
1032-121 Utility of B-type natriuretic peptide assay in the assessment of symptomatic state in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Barry J Maron, Venkatakrishna N Tholakanahalli, Susan A Casey, Andrey G Zenovich, Daniel Duprez, Dorothee M Aeppli, Jay N Cohn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Polytetrafluoroethylene Stent Deployment for a Left Anterior Descending Coronary Aneurysm Complicated by Late Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ciro Indolfi, Francesco Achille, Gianluigi Tagliamonte, Carmen Spaccarotella, Annalisa Mongiardo, Alessandro Ferraro
Journal: Circulation (2005)
False-positive Leukocyte Imaging A Case of Colon Carcinoma
Authors: JOHN M. BAUMAN, MICHAEL F. HARTSHORNE, MICHAEL A. CAWTHON, ALFRED J. LANDRY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

ln-111 labeled leukocytes are both sensitive and specific In the evaluation of suspected intra-abdominal abscess. Sporadic false-positive reports have been associated with extra-abdominal tumors, hematomas, enemas, and cerebrovascular accidents. A case of false-positive leukocyte imaging due to uptake in a cecal carcinoma is described.
Antioxidant protection by PECAM-targeted delivery of a novel NADPH-oxidase inhibitor to the endothelium in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Elizabeth D. Hood, Colin F. Greineder, Chandra Dodia, Jingyan Han, Clementina Mesaros, Vladimir V. Shuvaev, Ian A. Blair, Aron B. Fisher, Vladimir R. Muzykantov
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Mother-Son Incest
Authors: Valerian A. Catanzarite
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We found the otherwise sensitive treatment of incest and child abuse by Rosenfeld (242:1761, 1979) misleading with regard to one major point. The author, in describing patterns of incest, correctly indicated that sib-sib incest is probably the most common, but is seldom reported, and gave the conventional view of the father-daughter variety, but otherwise noted only, "In motherson incest, one or both parties is usually psychotic." It is instructive to examine the evidence for this statement, which echoes through the literature since the myth of Oedipus, apparently without adequate documentation. A review of the reported cases of the past 15 years shows only a handful of documented incidents of mother-son incest; typically, these are discovered in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders. For example, Wahl<sup>1</sup>reported two cases, both involving psychotic sons. In one, the patient claimed to have had intercourse with his mother on one
Office-Based Practice and Opioid-Use Disorders
Authors: H. Westley Clark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In the case of Webb v. United States, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the 1914 Harrison Narcotic Drug Act made it illegal for physicians to prescribe narcotics for the purpose of keeping a patient "comfortable by maintaining his customary use." For more than 80 years, it remained illegal in the United States for physicians to prescribe opioid medications for the treatment of opioid dependence. The exception was the dispensing of methadone or levomethadyl acetate through regulated programs. Physicians prescribing opioids such as morphine, fentanyl, codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone on a long-term basis needed to worry about whether their patients . . .
FDG PET/CT Findings in Recurrent Malignant Schwannoma
Authors: Metin Halac, Ferahnaz Cnaral, Sager Sait, Selda Ylmaz, Sönmezoglu Kerim, Dervisoglu Sergülen, İlhami Uslu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Malignant schwannoma is an uncommon but aggressive sarcoma that most commonly arises in young and middle-aged adults. We present a 28-year-old male patient with a recurrent chest wall malignant schwannoma. An FDG PET/CT was performed to evaluate the management of the patient. The PET/CT images showed hypermetabolic mass lesions in the left upper chest wall and increased FDG uptake in the left axillary region. The pathologic results confirmed the PET findings. We conclude that FDG PET/CT could play an important role in the staging, restaging, and post-therapy follow-up of malignant schwannomas.
Secretory Diarrhea and Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: DAVID I. CHARNEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1987Secretory Diarrhea and ThyrotoxicosisDAVID I. CHARNEY, M.D., MC, DONNA L. MERCADO, M.D., MCDAVID I. CHARNEY, M.D., MCSearch for more papers by this author, DONNA L. MERCADO, M.D., MCSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-332_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We describe a case, similar to that reported by Culp and Piziak (1), of secretory diarrhea as a manifestation of thyrotoxicosis. A 60-year-old white man was evaluated for fractures of the third, fourth, and fifth metacarpals of his right hand, incurred because of recent increased irritability. On further questioning, he related a history of profuse watery diarrhea over the past 6 months, with 10 to 12 episodes of large volumes of stool per day, weight loss of approximately 27 kg, heat intolerance, increased perspiration, and proximal muscle weakness. Prior evaluation of the diarrhea at another institution had...References1. CULPPIZIAK KM. Thyrotoxicosis presenting as secretory diarrhea. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:216-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madigan Army Medical Center Tacoma, WA 98431 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByIntractable Diarrhea in Hyperthyroidism: Management with β-Adrenergic BlockadePhenolic and tyrosyl ring iodothyronine deiodination by the caco-2 human colon carcinoma cell line 1 February 1987Volume 106, Issue 2Page: 332-332KeywordsDiarrheaMusclesSweatWeight loss Issue Published: 1 February 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...