tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Catheter and Cerebral Spinal Fluid Infection Initially Detected by FDG PET/CT Scan
Authors: David Q. Wan, Usha A. Joseph, Bruce J. Barron, Pedro Caram, Alex P. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Whole body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) position emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) in a 75-year-old woman with right lung cancer revealed linear increased FDG activity at the distal end of the ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt catheter in the pelvis and in the scalp reservoir. Culture of the later removed VP-shunt catheter demonstrated Gram-positive Staphylococcus. No increased FDG activity was identified in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, probably due to interference from nearby cerebral cortex uptake. However, the sagittal images demonstrated mild intermittent linear FDG uptake in the spinal canal. The vertebral marrow FDG uptake obscured the mild CSF activity in spinal canal on the coronal or transaxial images. Sagittal projection images of the spinal canal are critical for PET/CT evaluation of suspected CSF infection.
Myocardial, Pulmonary, and Gastric Uptake of Technetium-99m MDP in a Patient with Multiple Myeloma and Hypercalcemia
Authors: Michael D. Reitz, Panukorn Vasinrapee, Fred S. Mishkin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A bone scan of a patient with multiple myeloma and hypercalcemia that demonstrates myocardial radionuclide activity that has not been reported previously, as well as previously described gastric mucosal and pulmonary interstitial activity, is presented.
IgA serum levels and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: J J Calabro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

IgA serum levels and diseaseIdiopathic haemarthrosis with activity in ankylosing spondylitis chondrocalcinosis SIR, I read with considerable interest the report by Franssen and associates of a prospective study of IgA serum levels and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).'In their comparative trial of phenylbutazone and
Glucose Instability Is Associated With a High Level of Circulating P-Selectin
Authors: Elisabetia Brun, Giacomo Zoppini, Cristina Zamboni, Enzo Bonora, Michele Muggeo
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

We have previously shown that glycemic instability, as measured by the coefficient of variation for fasting plasma glucose (CV-FPG), is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes (1,2). The mechanisms, if any, underlying the association between long-term plasma glucose instability and vascular diseases are difficult to explain.

In vitro studies with retinal capillary pericytes have shown that rapid glucose fluctuations in the culture medium induced cellular damage and death by apoptosis (3). Moreover, tubulointerstitial cells exposed to intermittent high glucose concentrations underwent changes in cellular growth, collagen synthesis, and cytokine secretion that were more severe than those observed in cells exposed to stable high-glucose concentrations (4). These data extrapolated …
Number concentration and size of particles in urban air: effects on spirometric lung function in adult asthmatic subjects.
Authors: P Penttinen, K L Timonen, P Tiittanen, A Mirme, J Ruuskanen, J Pekkanen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Daily variations in ambient particulate air pollution are associated with variations in respiratory lung function. It has been suggested that the effects of particulate matter may be due to particles in the ultrafine (0.01-0.1 microm) size range. Because previous studies on ultrafine particles only used self-monitored peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), we assessed the associations between particle mass and number concentrations in several size ranges measured at a central site and measured (biweekly) spirometric lung function among a group of 54 adult asthmatics (n = 495 measurements). We also compared results to daily morning, afternoon, and evening PEFR measurements done at home (n = 7,672-8,110 measurements). The median (maximum) 24 hr number concentrations were 14,500/cm(3) (46,500/cm(3)) ultrafine particles and 800/cm(3) (2,800/cm(3)) accumulation mode (0.1-1 microm) particles. The median (maximum) mass concentration of PM(2.5) (particulate matter < 2.5 microm) and PM(10) (particulate matter < 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter) were 8.4 microg/m(3) (38.3 microg/m(3)) and 13.5 microg/m(3) (73.7 microg/m(3)), respectively. The number of accumulation mode particles was consistently inversely associated with PEFR in spirometry. Inverse, but nonsignificant, associations were observed with ultrafine particles, and no associations were observed with large particles (PM(10)). Compared to the effect estimates for self-monitored PEFR, the effect estimates for spirometric PEFR tended to be larger. The standard errors were also larger, probably due to the lower number of spirometric measurements. The present results support the need to monitor the particle number and size distributions in urban air in addition to mass.
California Authorization of Funds for the Antismoking Campaign
Authors: Dileep G. Bal
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —I feel compelled to comment on your recent articles 1,2 concerning the proposed redirection in California of tobacco tax revenues from the state's highly successful tobacco control programs. As chief of the Chronic Diseases Control Branch of the California DHS, which is responsible for these tobacco control programs, I was dismayed at the multiple errors of fact in the articles.  I will limit my comments to the areas over which I have direct responsibility and personal knowledge. The single most offensive allegation was that the DHS had retaliated against the ALA of California by canceling their antitobacco education contract because they had protested the proposed redirection of funds. As your reporter knew, this charge had already been denied in writing by the ALA. Moreover, I conveyed the following information to your reporter: On January 21,1992, the Tobacco Control Section notified the ALA to cancel future project meetings
Respiratory effects of biological detergents.
Authors: E. Gaffuri
Journal: BMJ (1970)

of being able to distinguish autosomal reces- sive cases.We need no longer be quite so cautious about genetic heterogeneity in giving genetic counsel, in evaluating methods of carrier detection, in investigating the mechanism, or in attempting the treatment of the disease.A minor consequence is that we may now assume that all mothers of isolated cases who are not carriers of the X-linked gene are ipso facto the mothers of new mutants.By proportional studies of the rate of detection of such mothers and of known carriers by serum creatine kinase estimation, together with a count of the incidence of isolated cases in the population, it is possible to make a relatively direct estimate of the mutation rate.In the North of England it is about 10-5 x 10-5 per gene per generation2-a very high figure, which is, however, confirmed by the use of Hal- dane's classical indirect method.-Iam, etc.,
Efficacy of Airway Anti-Inflammatory Treatments Evaluated with Airway Inflammation Markers in Patients with Cough Variant Asthma: Budesonide versus Montelukast
Authors: T.T. Shimoda, R.R. Kishikawa, S.S. Shoji, S.S. Nishima
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Research Involving Human Subjects in Developing Countries
Authors: Greg Koski, Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The research community and the public have been engaged in a reexamination of the ethics and responsible conduct of research involving human subjects for many years. Since the 1995 report of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments,1 concern about these issues has intensified. Attention has recently focused on research carried out in countries where the requirements for review, approval, and oversight are much less stringent than they are in the United States. Some studies have exploited the unfortunate conditions in which some people live as a result of economic and cultural factors beyond their control — factors that make . . .
The Complete Border Sign Of Breast Augmentation
Authors: Richard Ellis
Journal: JAMA (1971)

To the Editor.—  Breast augmentation with silicone implants may be diagnosed on posterior-anterior (PA) roentgenograms of the chest by observing that the breast shadow is sharply defined in its entire circumference—the complete border sign.  On a PA roentgenogram of the chest, the normal female breast is an excellent example of the incomplete border sign. 1 The inferior margin of the breast is sharply defined while the superior portion blends imperceptibly with the chest wall and lacks a definitive border (Fig 1).  Silicone implants have a slightly greater density than normal breast tissue. Women who have a silicone breast augmentation usually have enough added density in the superior portion of the breast to form a distinct superior margin on PA roentgenograms of the chest. When this occurs, the breast shadow is seen with a complete border both inferiorly and superiorly—the complete border sign (Fig 2).
Foetal rise in hepatic enzymes follows decline in c-met and hepatocyte growth factor expression
Authors: Johannes A.A. Spijkers, Maurice J.B. van den Hoff, Theodorus B.M. Hakvoort, Jacqueline L.M. Vermeulen, Sabina Tesink-Taekema, Wouter H. Lamers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
THE PRODUCTION OF INFECTION WITH PNEUMOCOCCI IN RABBITS BY INTRADERMAL INOCULATION OF TYPE III PNEUMOCOCCI, THE TREATMENT WITH SPECIFIC ANTISERUM, AND A COMPARISON WITH TYPE I INFECTIONS
Authors: Elizabeth L. Watson, Georgia Cooper
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

Intradermal lesions and subsequent bacteremia were produced in rabbits by the intradermal inoculation of Type III strains freshly isolated from pneumonia cases. Slight intradermal lesions were produced but no bacteremia was found in rabbits inoculated with an old stock Type III strain. The intradermal lesions and the bacteremia produced by the inoculation of Type III cultures in rabbits were usually less severe than those produced by the inoculation of Type I culture. The bacteremia in rabbits was checked and the rabbits protected by suitable amounts of Type III concentrated antiserum given intravenously 24 hours after the infecting dose. The amount of Type III antiserum necessary to protect rabbits inoculated intradermally with virulent Type III cultures was not appreciably greater than the amount of Type I antiserum required to protect against Type I.
Emergency naloxone for heroin overdose: Beware of naloxone's other characteristics
Authors: Andrew J Ashworth
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—While naloxone is a good drug for resuscitation we should beware its other characteristics.1 Naloxone has a short half life and so may give unskilled users a false sense of security, introducing a “secondary opiate overdose,” particularly when used to treat overdose with a long acting opiate such as methadone. The authors …
In search of non-abstract representation of numbers: Maybe on the right track, but still not there
Authors: Joseph Tzelgov, Michal Pinhas
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract We agree that the default numerical representation is best accessed by probing automatic processing. The locus of this representation is apparently at the horizontal intraparietal sulcus (HIPS), the convergence zone of magnitude information. The parietal lobes are the right place to look for non-abstract representation of magnitude, yet the proof for that is still to be found.
The Polarized Sorting of Membrane Proteins Expressed in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons Using Viral Vectors
Authors: Mark Jareb, Gary Banker
Journal: Neuron (1998)

One model of neuronal polarity (13Dotti C.G Simons K Polarized sorting of viral glycoproteins to the axon and dendrites of hippocampal neurons in culture.Cell. 1990; 62: 63-72Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (355) Google Scholar) proposes that neurons and polarized epithelia use similar mechanisms to sort membrane proteins. To explore this hypothesis, we used viral vectors to express proteins in cultured neurons and assessed their distribution using quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy. Basolateral epithelial proteins were polarized to dendrites; more significantly, mutations of sequences required for their basolateral targeting in epithelia also disrupted dendritic targeting. Unexpectedly, apical proteins were not polarized to axons but were expressed at roughly equal amounts in dendrites and axons. These data provide strong evidence that targeting of basolateral and dendritic proteins depends on common mechanisms. In contrast, the sorting of proteins to the axon requires signals that are not present in apical proteins.
Assaults Within Psychiatric Facilities
Authors: LeRoy P. Levitt
Journal: JAMA (1984)

"Violence has always been a problem in mental hospitals, but the discipline of psychiatry has been curiously indifferent to it." From this opening statement in the preface, Lion and Reid proceed to deal with this paradox. The fact that assaults in psychiatric hospitals and units (as well as in universities and general hospitals) are underreported is compellingly presented. This volume can only help make the mental health workplace more safe and more therapeutic. However many professionals and patients are injured (a figure largely unknown), it is too many. More reports are now appearing in the literature.<sup>1,2</sup> The editors have divided the subject into three sections: "Phenomenology and Epidemiology," "Policy Issues," and "Management." The 20 chapters are written by professionals of experience and thoughtfulness. Whether it be assaults by patients in a state hospital system, public mental hospital, general hospital, or psychiatric unit, in many ways, there is a unifying
Abstract 3237: Establishment of a new invasive urinary bladder cancer model using human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats
Authors: Min Wei, Shotaro Yamano, Naomi Ishii, Anna Kakehashi, Yumi Obo, Hideki Wanibuchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract To establish animal models for identifying mechanisms of urinary bladder cancer (UBC) invasion, male human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats (Hras 128) were divided into 5 groups and treated with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(hydroxybutyl)nitrosameine (BBN) in drinking water and/or 0.1% phenylethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in diet, respectively, as follows: BBN (8 wks)→PEITC (8 wks); PEITC (8 wks)→BBN (8 wks); PEITC alone (16 wks); BBN alone (16 wks); non-treatment. At the end of week 16, incidences of invasive UBC in BBN→PEITC and BBN alone groups were 77% (10/13 rats) and 56% (5/9 rats), respectively. The average number of invasive UBC in BBN→PEITC and BBN alone groups were 1.3 ± 0.9 and 0.7 ± 0.7/rat, respectively. Both incidence and numbers of invasive UBC tended to be higher in BBN→PEITC group compared to the BBN alone group. Furthermore, non-invasive UBC were also found in all rats of above 2 groups. No tumors were found in other groups. p53 positive staining were observed in 58% of invasive UBC and 9% of non-invasive UBC in BBN→PEITC group that is similar to positive incidences in human UBCs. These findings indicated that treatment of Hras 128 rats with BBN followed by PEITC induced high incidences of both non-invasive and invasive UBC, and therefore provide a useful comparison model for explore the mechanisms of UBC invasion. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3237.
Statin-induced Kruppel-like factor 2 expression in human and mouse T cells reduces inflammatory and pathogenic responses
Authors: De-xiu Bu, Margarite Tarrio, Nir Grabie, Yuzhi Zhang, Hiroyuki Yamazaki, George Stavrakis, Elena Maganto-Garcia, Zachary Pepper-Cunningham, Petr Jarolim, Masanori Aikawa, Guillermo García-Cardeña, Andrew H. Lichtman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is required for the quiescent and migratory properties of naive T cells. Statins, a class of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, display pleiotropic immunomodulatory effects that are independent of their lipid-lowering capacity and may be beneficial as therapeutic agents for T cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. Statins upregulate KLF2 expression in endothelial cells, and this activity is associated with an antiinflammatory phenotype. We therefore hypothesized that the immunomodulatory effects of statins are due, in part, to their direct effects on T cell KLF2 gene expression. Here we report that lipophilic statin treatment of mouse and human T cells increased expression of KLF2 through a HMG-CoA/prenylation-dependent pathway. Statins also diminished T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma expression. shRNA blockade of KLF2 expression in human T cells increased IFN-gamma expression and prevented statin-induced IFN-gamma reduction. In a mouse model of myocarditis induced by heart antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, both statin treatment of the T cells and retrovirally mediated overexpression of KLF2 in the T cells had similar ameliorating effects on disease induction. We conclude that statins reduce inflammatory functions and pathogenic activity of T cells through KLF2-dependent mechanisms, and this pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
Differences in electrophysiological substrate in patients with coronary artery disease and cardiac arrest or ventricular tachycardia. Insights from endocardial mapping and signal-averaged electrocardiography.
Authors: P T Vaitkus, K E Kindwall, F E Marchlinski, J M Miller, A E Buxton, M E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Many studies have combined patients with hemodynamically well-tolerated ventricular tachycardia (VT) and those with cardiac arrest (CA) as a single, homogenous group. Recent studies suggest that these two groups have different electrophysiological substrates and responses to therapy. Most of these studies, however, enrolled patients with a variety of cardiac diagnoses. METHODS AND RESULTS We used signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) and endocardial catheter mapping to define the electrophysiological substrate in patients with coronary artery disease and VT or CA and correlate the results of the two methods. We also examined the usefulness of SAECG in CA patients to differentiate those with inducible arrhythmias from those who are noninducible. VT patients were more likely to have had a prior myocardial infarction (p = 0.0005) and to have inducible arrhythmias (p = 0.0001) than were CA patients. The induced arrhythmias in patients who presented with VT was VT in more than 90% of cases, whereas in CA patients, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PMVT) accounted for one third of induced arrhythmias. Mean filtered QRS duration was longer (135 versus 120 msec) and the terminal QRS voltage was smaller (20 versus 34 microV) in VT than in CA patients (p less than 0.01). Sixty-three percent of CA patients and 87% of VT patients had abnormal SAECG (p = 0.001). VT patients had more extensive endocardial abnormalities and more abnormal (53% versus 40%, p = 0.002), fractionated (8% versus 3%, p = 0.02), late (17% versus 8%, p = 0.0003), and late abnormal or fractionated (14% versus 4%, p = 0.0001) sites than CA patients. VT patients had a greater duration of the longest electrogram (129 versus 109 msec, p = 0.0006) and total endocardial activation time (68 versus 54 msec, p = 0.009). Among CA patients, those with induced VT had more extensive substrate than did those with induced PMVT and were similar to VT patients with induced VT. Among CA patients, the trend for more patients with inducible VT (77%) or PMVT (55%) than noninducible patients (47%) to have an abnormal SAECG did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.14). The positive and negative predictive values of an abnormal SAECG were 77% and 44%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS VT patients have more extensive endocardial substrate than CA patients, which translates into greater and more frequent SAECG abnormalities. Among CA patients, there are significant differences in substrate between patients with induced VT and those with induced PMVT. SAECG is not useful in differentiating CA patients who have inducible VT or PMVT from those who do not.
Long-term predictors of survival in essential mixed cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis
Authors: Antonio Tarantino, Mariarosaria Campise, Giovanni Banfi, Roberto Confalonieri, Antonella Bucci, Alberto Montoli, Giuliano Colasanti, Isabella Damilano, Giuseppe D'Amico, Luigi Minetti, Claudio Ponticelli
Journal: Kidney International (1995)
alpha 1-Antitrypsin-levels and phenotypes in Crohn's disease in the Netherlands.
Authors: E C Klasen, I Biemond, I T Weterman
Journal: Gut (1980)

A group of 310 unrelated patients suffering from Crohn9s disease has been screened for quantitative and electrophoretic variations of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT). A comparison was made betweeen patients and healthy controls. The distribution of electrophoretic alpha 1AT variants in the patients showed no significant deviation from the controls. The alpha 1AT quantities are significantly higher in the Crohn9s disease population than in the controls.
Does lesion location have an impact on long-term clinical outcome after unprotected left main coronary artery stenting?
Authors: Marco Boccalatte, Niall T. Mulvihill, Rossella Gottilla, Mohamed Loutfi, Emmanuel Salengro, Bruno Farah, Jean Paul Bounohure, Jean Fajadet, Jean Marco
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Staphylococcus aureus induces caspase-independent cell death in human peritoneal mesothelial cells
Authors: B. Haslinger-Löffler, B. Wagner, M. Brück, K. Strangfeld, M. Grundmeier, U. Fischer, W. Völker, G. Peters, K. Schulze-Osthoff, B. Sinha
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Glucose Intolerance in Nonischemic Cardiac Disease
Authors: PHILIP O. ETTINGER, HENRY A. OLDEWURTEL, BARRY DZINDZIO, VIRENDER SETHI, TIMOTHY J. REGAN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

To investigate hemodynamic and neurohumoral factors as a basis for glucose intolerance in cardiac patients without ischemic heart disease, intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed on 70 patients aged 14 to 69 years. The mean glucose fractional disappearance rate (G k ) for 41 patients less than age 50 was 1.19 ± 0.07% fall in glucose/min, while in 19 normal subjects, it was 1.60 ± 0.14, P &lt;0.01. The decreased G k was independent of age and lipid levels, and was directly related to a reduced plasma concentration of immunoreactive insulin. The glucose response to tolbutamide of 40 patients was similarly reduced and correlated with G k . Since enhanced adrenergic stimulation may be present in cardiac patients with resultant reduction of insulin secretion, the effects of alpha-and beta-adrenergic blockade were examined in two groups of cardiac patients. G k was unchanged after administration of phenoxybenzamine and propranolol. Since a reduced cardiac output correlated with diminished G k , the influence of sustained improvement after corrective cardiac surgery was evaluated in 13 patients. Postsurgical increments of resting cardiac output were usually associated with lower fasting insulin levels, enhanced clearance of administered glucose, and a more rapid rise of plasma insulin to higher peak levels, followed by a relatively rapid decline. Enhanced insulin response to tolbutamide after surgery in seven of these patients was also demonstrated. It is suggested that chronically reduced levels of cardiac output can result in reduced insulin secretion and in glucose intolerance and that these may be reversed with improved cardiac function.