tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prolonged Computer Use and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: MICHAEL R. BENNETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1986Prolonged Computer Use and Deep Venous ThrombosisMICHAEL R. BENNETT, M.D., PAUL C. FIEHLER, M.D.MICHAEL R. BENNETT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PAUL C. FIEHLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-5-806_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent increased use of computer and video display terminals has resulted in various physical and mental complaints. Commonly encountered maladies include various ocular, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and neurologic disorders, which are usually self-limited (1). No reference to serious life-threatening consequences has been noted. We describe a case of proximal deep vein thrombosis developing in a previously healthy person after prolonged, continuous use of a computer.A 59-year-old man developed a dull, aching pain in his right upper thigh after spending two, 16-consecutive-hour days at the controls of a newly purchased computer. On examination, there was only mild...References1. STARR S. A study of video display terminal workers. J Occup Med. 1983;25:95-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Nonionizing radiation—issues and controversies: a minisymposium. J Occup Med. 1983;25:110. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Western Pennsylvania Hospital Pittsburgh, PA 15224 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1986Volume 105, Issue 5Page: 806-806KeywordsComputersDeep vein thrombosis Issue Published: 1 November 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Altered intracellular expression of the chemokines MIP‐1α, MIP‐1β and IL‐8 by peripheral blood CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in mild allergic asthma
Authors: M. Grob, P. Schmid‐Grendelmeier, H. I. Joller‐Jemelka, E. Ludwig, R. W. Dubs, P. J. Grob, B. Wüthrich, L. R. Bisset
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: The ability of chemokines to regulate Th1 and Th2 responses suggests a role in the pathogenesis of atopic disorders such as allergic asthma where Th2 response dominance has been observed. Although the impact of allergic asthma on local chemokine production in the lung has been the subject of investigation, little is know about the influence of disease progression on peripheral chemokine production. We now report use of whole blood culture and flow cytometry to assess the influence of mild allergic asthma on peripheral T‐cell chemokine expression. Methods: Study participants included patients with mild allergic asthma ( n = 7) and nonasthmatic controls ( n = 7). Following in vitro stimulation of peripheral venous blood with phorbol 12‐myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin, flow cytometry was used to estimate the percentage of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells producing a number of chemokines, including macrophage inflammatory proteins MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β, RANTES (regulated on activation, T‐cell expressed and secreted), monocytic chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP)‐1, and interleukin (IL)‐8, or the cytokines interferon (IFN)‐γ and IL‐4. Serum levels of MIP‐1α, MIP‐1β, RANTES, MCP‐1, IL‐8, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 were also assessed by quantitative ELISA. Results: Intracellular expression of MIP‐1β by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from allergic asthmatics was significantly reduced in comparison to that observed for nonasthmatics (median = 2.29% (1.75–3.50) vs 4.57% (3.38–6.64), P = 0.05; 14.20% (13.18–17.88) vs 44.10% (30.38–48.70), P = 0.01). Similarly, intracellular expression of MIP‐1α by CD8 + T cells from allergic asthmatics was also significantly lower (3.67% (1.17–5.42) vs 17.10% (4.97–20.43), P = 0.05). Conversely, IL‐8 expression by both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from allergic asthmatics demonstrated significant enhancement (9.93% (7.77–11.28) vs 4.14% (3.61–7.11), P = 0.05; 8.40% (6.97–10.04) vs 4.98% (3.37–6.08), P = 0.05). Examination of intracellular IFN‐γ and IL‐4 revealed no significant difference in the expression of either cytokine by CD4 + T‐cells from allergic asthmatics and nonasthmatics. In contrast, expression of IFN‐γ was significantly reduced in CD8 + T‐cells from allergic asthmatics (24.60% (21.08–32.50) vs 48.40% (41.50–55.28), P = 0.01). Conclusions: The occurrence in mild allergic asthma of peripheral T‐cell chemokine expression suggestive of a diminished Th1 response, coinciding with marginal change in cytokine profiles indicative of a Th2 response bias, confirms the importance of chemokine involvement in the etiology of allergic asthma. The ability to use whole blood culture to estimate chemokine expression in T cell subsets may ultimately provide a practical means to evaluate disease status and to monitor early intervention therapies which target chemokines.
Resident Macrophages Influence Stem Cell Activity in the Mammary Gland.
Authors: D. Gyorki, G. Lindeman, J. Visvader
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Increasing evidence suggests that macrophages play a role in the normal development of certain organs, including the breast1. Intriguingly, macrophages are often found in the stroma of breast tumours, where they may promote tumour growth and metastasis. The mechanism underpinning the requirement for macrophages during normal development may involve their interactions with mammary stem cells (MaSCs). Recently, a population enriched for MaSCs has been prospectively identified in mice2. We have used 2 approaches to determine whether macrophages are required for normal MaSC function.Methods and Results: The role of macrophages in mammary development was studied in mice with an inactivating recessive mutation in the CSF-1 gene (CSFop/op). MaSCs from CSFop/op mice exhibit significantly reduced clonogenicity in vitro with a reduction in colony size and number in CSFop/op mice. Transplantation assays confirmed a reduced regenerative capacity of the MaSCs derived from CSFop/op mice when transplanted into wild-type recipients. Furthermore, in reciprocal experiments, we found that a macrophage-deficient micro-environment does not support stem cell growth with an inability for wild-type stem cells to repopulate the fat pad of CSFop/op mice.To support these findings, an alternative strategy was used to eliminate the macrophages from the stem cell microenvironment by co-transplanting stem cells with liposomes containing clodronate or saline. Clodronate-containing liposomes are toxic to macrophages after ingestion. There was a greater than 80% impairment in stem cell repopulating frequency as well as a marked decrease in outgrowth potential when cotransplanted with clodronate-containing liposomes.Discussion: These studies indicate a major role for macrophages in supporting stem cell growth during mammary development. This may relate to a role in the stem cell niche. Understanding the mechanisms by which mammary stem cells interact with macrophages during mammary development will shed light on why macrophage infiltration in tumours portends a poor prognosis in breast cancer.1. Gouon-Evans V, Lin EY, Pollard JW. Requirement of macrophages and eosinophils and their cytokines/chemokines for mammary gland development. Breast Cancer Res. 2002; 4:155-64.2. Shackleton M, Vaillant F, Simpson KJ, et al. Generation of a functional mammary gland from a single stem cell. Nature. 2006; 439:84-8. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 49.
Combined versus Sequential Hormonal Replacement Therapy: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on Quality of Life-Related Outcome Measures
Authors: P. Bech, N. Munk-Jensen, E.B. Obel, L.G. Ulrich, P. Eiken, S. Pors Nielsen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1998)

&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; To compare combined and sequential hormonal replacement therapies to each other as well as placebo in patients suffering from the postmenopausal syndrome. Clinical outcomes were measured concerning both the specific postmenopausal symptoms (using the Kupperman scale) and health or well-being dimensions (using subscales of the General Health Questionnaire and specific depression and anxiety scales). &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A prospective randomized double-blind study over 12 months of 105 normal early postmenopausal women in the setting of a general hospital. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Both hormone replacement therapies were superior to placebo on the Kupperman scale (sweating, hot flushing, myalgia and vertigo). The psychic symptoms on the Kupperman scale were psychometrically invalid. However, psychic symptoms as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory and the General Health Questionnaire were significantly improved by the hormonal replacement therapies. No differences were observed when combined therapy was compared to sequential therapy. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; One-year treatment with hormonal replacement therapy is superior to placebo in measuring the somatic and psychic symptoms of the menopausal syndrome. No differences were found in this respect between combined and sequential replacement therapy.
Evaluating Quality Performance in Alternate Health Care Delivery Systems
Authors: John T. Kelly
Journal: JAMA (1994)

As the American health care system continues to undergo major structural changes, concerns about the impact of changes in delivery and financing mechanisms on quality of care are rapidly increasing.<sup>1</sup>Most federal and state legislative proposals for health care system reform include provisions for evaluating quality.<sup>2</sup>"Report cards" on clinical and organizational performance have generated considerable interest as a way to compare quality in alternate delivery systems.<sup>3,4</sup>Public- and privatesector efforts to develop effective strategies to evaluate quality and facilitate quality improvement are expanding. With this attention, quality has become a more visible, but also a more complicated and confusing, issue. Concerns about the adequacy of available approaches to assess performance and measure quality are frequent.<sup>5</sup>Debates among policymakers, legislators, researchers, and others about matters such as what are the most important issues related to quality, how to evaluate major dimensions of quality, and how to
Imaginary mistakes versus real problems in generative grammar
Authors: Robert Freidin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Jackendoff claims that current theories of generative grammar commit a “scientific mistake” by assuming that syntax is the sole source of linguistic organization (“syntactocentrism”). The claim is false, and furthermore, Jackendoff's solution to the alleged problem, the parallel architecture, creates a real problem that exists in no other theory of generative grammar.
Abstract 3100: Glial origin for MYCN-driven medulloblastoma and targeted prosenescence therapies
Authors: Sara M. Bolin, Jasmine Lau, Justin Chen, Vasil Savov, Anders I. Persson, Sanna-Maria Hede, William A. Weiss, Fredrik Swartling
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract MYCN-amplified medulloblastoma is a poor-prognosis childhood brain tumor with unknown cellular origin. Recently, we showed how MYCN overexpression could generate tumors with high penetrance from a glutamate transporter (GLT1) promoter in a transgenic model (GTML) of medulloblastoma. By using Rosa26-lsl-LacZ reporters we also showed that GLT1-positive neural stem cells represent presumed cells of tumor origin. Transgenic GTML mice generate SHH-independent medulloblastoma 2-3 months after birth. Before tumor onset GTML mice presented significantly more proliferation in thalamic forebrain cells and in Bergmann glia in the cerebellum as compared to corresponding normal brain. Strikingly, adult GTML mice also show proliferative capacity in the Bergmann glia cell population in response to MYCN oncogene activity, further connecting this population to medulloblastoma development. Retroviral tagging using the RCAS/tv-a system marked BLBP- or GFAP-positive tumor initiating cells and expression analysis could further determine genetic profiles of glial origin. Interestingly, MYCN levels and early proliferation of brain tumors could be reduced by specific CDK2-inhibition by Milciclib or by using the bromodomain inhibitor JQ1. Treatment studies revealed a need for sustained treatment over 7-10 days to effectively abolish tumor cell proliferation. Both treatment strategies induced tumor cell senescence as seen by SA-beta-gal staining and by downregulated levels of Lamin B1. Our data suggest that tumors generated arise from radial glia or Bergmann glia in this medulloblastoma model and that dual inhibition of CDK2 and bromodomains suppresses tumor growth by targeting MYCN. Citation Format: Sara M. Bolin, Jasmine Lau, Justin Chen, Vasil Savov, Anders I. Persson, Sanna-Maria Hede, William A. Weiss, Fredrik Swartling. Glial origin for MYCN-driven medulloblastoma and targeted prosenescence therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3100. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3100
IMPACT OF CORONARY CALCIUM SCORE ON THE RELATION BETWEEN HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND THE PRESENCE OF HIGH-RISK CORONARY PLAQUE DETECTED BY CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Yoshiki Noda, Ryo Matsutera, Yasuaki Kohama, Yoshinori Yasuoka, Yuhei Nojima, Kiyoshi Kume, Hidenori Adachi, Susumu Hattori, Motohiro Kosugi, Takuro Yoshio, Masashi Yamato, Tatsuya Sasaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Why RECIST Works and Why It Should Stay—Counterpoint
Authors: Antonio T. Fojo, Anne Noonan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Assessing that the efficacy of a cancer therapeutic is an integral part of its path to regulatory approval, we review the history that led to our current assessment method, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). We describe the efforts of Moertel and Hanley to standardize response assessments in lymphoid malignancies and how this was adapted in the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Two decades later, RECIST was advanced to streamline WHO and improve its reproducibility. We describe the ways in which thresholds established by Moertel and Hanley to provide accuracy and reproducibility evolved to become measures of efficacy and why they have been valuable. While we recognize RECIST is far from perfect-in need of modification as a measure of efficacy for some agents and in some diseases-for the majority of solid tumors, it is very valuable. We argue that over time, the efficacy thresholds established by WHO and then RECIST have proved their worth, and we summarize 10 years of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals in solid tumors to support our position that current RECIST thresholds should be retained.
SB216763, a selective small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, improves bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via activating autophagy
Authors: Hong Liu, Su Mi, Zhe Li, Xiaoxi Lv, Ke Li, Fang Hua, Zhuowei Hu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2013)

An excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix composed by insoluble collagen is the core pathogenic change of fibroproliferative diseases including pulmonary fibrosis. We recently found that autophagy, a self-catabolic process that maintains intracellular homeostasis, participates critically in the regulation of collagen degradation in the fibrotic tissues. Here we report that treatment of mice with SB216763, a potent and selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), significantly decreased the bleomycin (BLM)-induced acute inflammation, attenuated pulmonary fibrosis, improved the lung function and increased animal survival through activating autophagy. Indeed, we found that treatment of mice or cultured cells with SB216763 restored the autophagy in vivo and in vitro through increasing the expression of autophagy related proteins and decreasing the physical interaction of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. Additionally, SB216763 stimulated the binding of Bcl-2 and GSK3, which reduces the interaction of Bcl-2 and Beclin-1. We conclude that the GSK3 inhibitor SB216763 improves the BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis through stimulating autophagy core complex to restore the activity of autophagy in fibrotic lung tissue. Our work suggests that using a moderate autophagic agonist, such as SB216763, is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of devastating fibroproliferative diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Iliac Artery Aneurysm Causing Ureteric Obstruction
Authors: ABDELMONEM O. FARAG, ABDELHAMID H. ELGAZZAR, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM, MOHAMMED ELSAYED
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

The authors report a radionuclide renal study in a case of obstructive uropathy secondary to an aneurysm of the internal iliac artery. The aneurysm, which appeared as a vascular blush on the radionuclide angiogram, was diagnosed by contrast angiography. The authors are reporting this case for two reasons: (a) an aneurysm of the internal iliac artery is rare and (b) it is even more rare that such an aneurysm will cause obstructive uropathy. The combination of a vascular blush in the radionuclide an-giographic phase of the renal studies associated with obstructive uropathy should raise the possibility of an aneurysm as the cause of this obstruction.
Use of an Estrogen in the Treatment of Psychosis with Cerebral Atherosclerosis
Authors: Kenneth Lifshitz
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The effects of treatment with a longacting parenterally administered estrogenic substance were studied in 90 men, between the ages of 55 and 75 years, suffering from psychosis with cerebral atherosclerosis or senile psychosis. Of the 77 patients who were in the study more than three months, 37 received a placebo and 40 received estradiol valerate intramuscularly in doses of 25 mg. once every two weeks. The estrogen in this dosage produced gynecomastia in every patient who received it for 6 months or more. In the test group, there were 17 deaths at the end of 20 months of observation; in the placebo group there were 8 deaths. The difference in mortality was the only significant difference found (0.05 level), and no evidence of favorable effects on mental functioning was found.
Beta-Adrenergic Blockade in the Treatment of Exercise-Induced Paroxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: ROGER R. TAYLOR, EDWARD J. HALLIDAY
Journal: Circulation (1965)

The β-adrenergic blocking drug pronethalol was effective in the treatment of a patient with exercise-induced paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. Adrenergic stimuli are considered important in initiating this arrhythmia. The mode of action of pronethalol is briefly discussed in relation to other antiarrhythmic agents.
The three modern faces of mercury.
Authors: Thomas W Clarkson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

The three modern "faces" of mercury are our perceptions of risk from the exposure of billions of people to methyl mercury in fish, mercury vapor from amalgam tooth fillings, and ethyl mercury in the form of thimerosal added as an antiseptic to widely used vaccines. In this article I review human exposure to and the toxicology of each of these three species of mercury. Mechanisms of action are discussed where possible. Key gaps in our current knowledge are identified from the points of view both of risk assessment and of mechanisms of action.
Venous Limb Gangrene during Warfarin Treatment of Cancer-Associated Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Theodore E. Warkentin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

The cause of cancer-associated venous limb gangrene is unknown but could paradoxically be due to warfarin.To determine the pathogenesis of venous gangrene in a patient with cancer.Case report.University hospital in Ontario, Canada.66-year-old woman with metastatic lung cancer and deep venous thrombosis.Levels of vitamin K-dependent factors, additional coagulation factors, and thrombin-antithrombin complexes (marker of thrombin generation).During warfarin use, venous limb gangrene developed when the international normalized ratio (INR) reached 6.0 (therapeutic range, 2.0 to 3.0); at this time, the level of protein C (a vitamin K-dependent natural anticoagulant) was severely reduced, but thrombin-antithrombin complexes remained markedly elevated. The supratherapeutic INR was explained by the greatly reduced levels of factor VII, which correlated closely with protein C levels; therefore, the high INR was a surrogate marker for severely reduced protein C activity.Warfarin may contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer-associated venous limb gangrene by leading to severe depletion of protein C while at the same time failing to reduce thrombin generation.
Cutaneous lymphocyte trafficking in the inflammatory dermatoses
Authors: J.N.W.N. BARKER, D.M. MACDONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Cutaneous lymphocyte trafficking in the inflammatory dermatoses Get access J.N.W.N. BARKER, J.N.W.N. BARKER Laboratory of Applied Dermatopathology, UMDS (Guy's Campus), Guy's Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.M. MACDONALD D.M. MACDONALD Laboratory of Applied Dermatopathology, UMDS (Guy's Campus), Guy's Hospital, London, U.K. Dr D.M.MacDonald, Department of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London SE1, 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 3, 1 March 1992, Pages 211–215, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00647.x Published: 01 March 1992
Radioimmunoassay of the binding protein for vitamin D and its metabolites in human serum: concentrations in normal subjects and patients with disorders of mineral homeostasis.
Authors: J G Haddad, J Walgate
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

A radioimmunoassay for the binding protein for vitamin D and its metabolites (DBP) has been developed. Suitable rabbit anti-DBP antiserum was elicited after primary and one booster injection. Anti-DBP antisera, as well as antigroup-specific component antisera, produced a single, monospecific line of percipitation when reacted against purified DBP and human serum. DBP was iodinated with 125I and 125I-DBP was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Binding of 125I-DBP by 20 nl of rabbit anti-DBP antisera was approximately 50% and was sharply competed for by 0.4-4.0 ng of DBP standard. Displacement of 125I-DBP by human serum dilutions or standard DBP gave identical curves, and only weak competition was observed with old and new world primate sera. Apo- and holo-DBP possessed indistinguishable immunoreactivity. The assay detects DBP in 1-10 nl of human serum with reasonable accuracy and with reasonable intra- and interassay precision. The mean serum concentration (+/- SEM) for a group of 40 normal adults was 525 +/- 24 mug/ml and no sex difference was observed. Higher levels were found in sera from pregnant women and women receiving oral contraceptives, and decreased concentrations were observed in premature cord and hypoproteinemic sera. No significant correlation between serum DBP levels and serum 25-hydroxycalciferol levels was found, and the DBP content of sera from vitamin D-deprived and vitamin D-treated subjects was indistinguishable from that of normal adults. DBP accounts for 6- of the alpha globulin in normal human serum. Considering the normal serum content of the parent vitamin and its metabolites to be approximately 0.1-0.2 mum, these immunoassay data confirm previous saturation analyses of human serum antiricketic sterol-binding capacity and suggest that greater than 95% of DBP circulates as the apoprotein under normal conditions.