tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
1105 LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF OCCULT HBV QUASISPECIES DIVERSITY AND LYMPHOTROPISM IN HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS REACTIVE FOR ANTIBODY TO HBV CORE ANTIGEN (ANTI-HBC)
Authors: C.S. Coffin, P.M. Mulrooney-Cousins, F. van der Meer, S. Nisikawa, T.I. Michalak, M.J. Gill, G. van Marie
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Human airway narrowing measured using high resolution computed tomography.
Authors: M Okazawa, N Müller, A E McNamara, S Child, L Verburgt, P D Paré
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Exaggerated airway narrowing in response to bronchoconstricting stimuli is a characteristic feature of asthmatic subjects. It is unknown whether the site of airway narrowing differs in asthmatic subjects from that observed in normal subjects. Increased airway wall thickness has been suggested as a contributing cause for airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma, based on histologic measurements. We measured airway wall thickness and the site and magnitude of airway narrowing in response to inhaled methacholine in normal subjects and in patients with mild to moderate asthma using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). After a comparable decrease in FEV1, there were no differences in the site or magnitude of airway narrowing for any category of airway size in asthmatic subjects and normals. However, the results show that the smaller airways of the asthmatic subjects are significantly thickened and that the airway wall area does not change after bronchoconstriction whereas it decreases in normal subjects. We conclude that airway wall thickening and the lack of a change in airway wall dimensions following bronchoconstricting stimuli could contribute to exaggerated airway narrowing in asthma.
Is the discovery of the novel human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC) the beginning of another SARS-like pandemic?
Authors: Jasper F.W. Chan, Kenneth S.M. Li, Kelvin K.W. To, Vincent C.C. Cheng, Honglin Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen
Journal: Journal of Infection (2012)

Fouchier et al. reported the isolation and genome sequencing of a novel coronavirus tentatively named "human betacoronavirus 2c EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC)" from a Saudi patient presenting with pneumonia and renal failure in June 2012. Genome sequencing showed that this virus belongs to the group C species of the genus betacoronavirus and phylogenetically related to the bat coronaviruses HKU4 and HKU5 previously found in lesser bamboo bat and Japanese Pipistrelle bat of Hong Kong respectively. Another patient from Qatar with similar clinical presentation and positive RT-PCR test was reported in September 2012. We compare and contrast the clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis and management of infection due to this novel coronavirus and that of SARS coronavirus despite the paucity of published information on the former. Since 70% of all emerging infectious pathogens came from animals, the emergence of this novel virus may represent another instance of interspecies jumping of betacoronavirus from animals to human similar to the group A coronavirus OC43 possibly from a bovine source in the 1890s and the group B SARS coronavirus in 2003 from bat to civet and human. Despite the apparently low transmissibility of the virus at this stage, research preparedness against another SARS-like pandemic is an important precautionary strategy.
1024. Encapsulation of the NF-kB Decoy Oligonucleotide in Echogenic Liposomes and Its Ultrasound-Triggered Release
Authors: Kyle D. Buchanan, ShaoLing Huang, Susan D. Tiukinhoy-Laing, David D. McPherson, Robert C. MacDonald
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

BACKGROUND: Echogenic immunoliposomes (ELIP) may be useful tools for early detection of atherosclerosis. Encapsulation of drugs and genes in ELIP can improve their therapeutic efficacy, especially if their release can be triggered at a specific site. NF-kB protein is an important molecule in the regulation of the expression of genes involved in inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Efficient delivery of various NF-kB inhibitors to proliferating cells should therefore contribute to early treatment of atheroma.
The American College of Physicians Distinguished Teacher Award Lecture: Pollyanna and Cassandra: Two Views of Present Trends in the Teaching of Internal Medicine.
Authors: Tinsley R. Harrison
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970The American College of Physicians Distinguished Teacher Award Lecture: Pollyanna and Cassandra: Two Views of Present Trends in the Teaching of Internal Medicine.Tinsley R. Harrison, M.D., M.A.C.P.Tinsley R. Harrison, M.D., M.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-775_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAmong the many points cited by the optimist (Pollyanna) are [1] Our full-time faculties are larger than ever before. [2] We have many faculty members who are highly skilled in techniques that were nonexistent only 2 decades ago. [3] Patients are being more thoroughly studied than at any past time. [4] Our pupils are more familiar than ever before with scientific principles. [5] There are many more opportunities for residency and fellowship training. [6] The quality of medical care is steadily rising.In the rebuttal, the pessimist (Cassandra) stresses:1. Bigness and greatness are not synonymous. Both students and house... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, Ala. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByReaction 141 - 195 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 775-776KeywordsFellowshipsHealth care qualityResidency Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Saeed Six-Shooter: A Prospective Study of a New Endoscopic Multiple Rubber-Band Ligator for the Treatment of Varices
Authors: Z. A. Saeed
Journal: Endoscopy (1996)

Rubber-band ligation is superior to sclerotherapy, and is considered to be the endoscopic treatment of choice for bleeding varices. The single-shot mechanism of the ligation device generally used is inherently inefficient, and makes the procedure tedious. It also requires overtube placement, associated with discomfort and complications. This study describes the Saeed Six-Shooter, a multiple ligation device.Twenty-seven consecutive patients with variceal bleeding were prospectively studied. After initial endoscopic ligation, subsequent sessions were every 7-10 days. The parameters studied were the ease of use, the ability to control active bleeding and eradicate varices, survival, and complications.Active bleeding was controlled in all seven (100%) patients. Esophageal varices were eradicated in 70% (3.2 +/- 1.2 sessions), and gastric varices in 88% of patients (2 +/- 1.2 sessions). Five patients re-bled, two from esophageal varices, two from gastric varices, and one from treatment-induced ulcer. There were four deaths, none due to exsanguination. A single complication, esophageal stricture, resolved with balloon dilation. Intubation was no more difficult with the endoscope loaded with the Six-Shooter than with the endoscope alone (P > 0.3). Six ligations were performed in 39% of cases within 60 seconds, and in 74% of cases within 90 seconds. For gastric varices, the device was effectively used with the endoscope retroflexed.The Saeed Six-Shooter is a safe and efficient instrument for the endoscopic ligation of varices, and has overcome the limitations of the single-shot ligator.
Surface light chain phenotype in indolent lymphomas: Lack of prognostic significance
Authors: Louis A. Vandermolen, Patricia L. Duffey, Jeffrey Cossman, Elaine S. Jaffe, Dan L. Longo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

The indolent follicular and diffuse lymphomas are neoplasms of B-cell origin. In several other B-cell neoplastic disorders, including multiple myeloma, hairy cell leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the light chain isotype of the surface immunoglobulin has been reported to have prognostic significance. Patients with tumors expressing lambda light chains usually fare more poorly than those with kappa light chain-bearing tumours. We analyzed the clinical data and immunologic phenotype of 101 patients with indolent lymphoma. Eighty-nine of the 101 patients demonstrated surface immunoglobulin of only one light chain type (kappa-47, lambda-42). Patients in both groups were matched for known prognostic factors. There were no significant differences in disease-free survival or overall survival between the two groups or within histologic subtypes. These results indicate that the immunologic light chain phenotype in indolent lymphoma, unlike other B-cell neoplasms, is not a prognostic indicator of survival.
Acyclovir for Chronic Mucocutaneous Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients
Authors: STEPHEN E. STRAUS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Over 25 episodes of severe chronic and recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in five immunodeficient patients were successfully treated with intravenous or oral acyclovir treatment. Acyclovir was shown to inhibit viral shedding rapidly, to be well tolerated, and to permit the complete healing of lesions. As expected, a course of acyclovir did not prevent later recurrences of the herpes virus infections. However, symptomatic recurrences were successfully suppressed during long (up to 65-day) courses of oral acyclovir.
Delineation of a Cellular Hierarchy in Lung Cancer Reveals an Oncofetal Antigen Expressed on Tumor-Initiating Cells
Authors: Marc Damelin, Kenneth G. Geles, Maximillian T. Follettie, Ping Yuan, Michelle Baxter, Jonathon Golas, John F. DiJoseph, Maha Karnoub, Shuguang Huang, Veronica Diesl, Carmen Behrens, Sung E. Choe, Carol Rios, Janet Gruzas, Latha Sridharan, Maureen Dougher, Arthur Kunz, Philip R. Hamann, Deborah Evans, Douglas Armellino, Kiran Khandke, Kimberly Marquette, Lioudmila Tchistiakova, Erwin R. Boghaert, Robert T. Abraham, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Bin-Bing S. Zhou
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Poorly differentiated tumors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been associated with shorter patient survival and shorter time to recurrence following treatment. Here, we integrate multiple experimental models with clinicopathologic analysis of patient tumors to delineate a cellular hierarchy in NSCLC. We show that the oncofetal protein 5T4 is expressed on tumor-initiating cells and associated with worse clinical outcome in NSCLC. Coexpression of 5T4 and factors involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition were observed in undifferentiated but not in differentiated tumor cells. Despite heterogeneous expression of 5T4 in NSCLC patient-derived xenografts, treatment with an anti-5T4 antibody-drug conjugate resulted in complete and sustained tumor regression. Thus, the aggressive growth of heterogeneous solid tumors can be blocked by therapeutic agents that target a subpopulation of cells near the top of the cellular hierarchy.
Plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and expression of the apolipoprotein(a) gene are dependent on the nucleotide polymorphisms in its 5'-flanking region.
Authors: K Suzuki, M Kuriyama, T Saito, A Ichinose
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The apolipoprotein(a) (apo[a]) gene encodes a protein component of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] whose plasma levels vary widely among individuals. Hyper-Lp(a)-emia constitutes a risk factor for thromboembolic disease. We previously subclassified the apo(a) gene into four allelic types (A-D) by polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking region. To elucidate whether these polymorphisms affect the expression of apo(a), we measured plasma Lp(a) concentrations in vivo by ELISA and examined expression of the gene by an in vitro assay using its 5'-flanking region. Homozygotes of type C had significantly higher Lp(a) levels than those of type D. The relative expression of type C was also about three times higher than that of type D, which was consistent with the in vivo results. Deletion analysis revealed that the substitution of C by T (+93) led to negative regulation in expression of the gene, while the change of G to A (+121) led to positive regulation. These results indicate that the polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking region of the apo(a) gene affect the efficiency of its expression and, in part, play a role in regulating plasma Lp(a) levels.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection: a safe technique for colorectal tumors
Authors: Y. Tamegai, Y. Saito, N. Masaki, C. Hinohara, T. Oshima, E. Kogure, Y. Liu, N. Uemura, K. Saito
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de Y. Tamegai et al., pp. 418Endoscopy 2007; 39(05): 484-484DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306929
Is this anyone's brolly?
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1998)

One of the great challenges of being a general practitioner is matching the items of property found at the end of surgery with the names on the appointment list. I particularly enjoy    ![][1] 

leaving surprise messages on patients' answerphones.

“Hello, it's Dr Greenhalgh here. I can't be sure, but I think you're the most likely owner of aMarks and Spencer's carrier bag containing a child's birthday cake, three bottles of red wine, anda packet of blue floral loo rolls.”

It hadn't needed Sherlock Holmes to check the dates of birth of her two children on the practice computer, remember that both the …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
TCT-586 Multi-Center, Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind, Consecutive Enrollment Evaluation of the Elixir DESyne® Novolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System with Biodegradable Polymer Compared to a Zotarolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent System: 3-Year Results from the EXCELLA BD Study
Authors: Stefan Verheye, Alexandre Abizaid, Roberto Botelho, Ricardo A. Costa, Katsuhisa Waseda, lynn morrison, Sara Toyloy, Peter J. Fitzgerald, Joachim Schofer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
IL-1 signaling modulates activation of STAT transcription factors to antagonize retinoic acid signaling and control the TH17 cell–iTreg cell balance
Authors: Rajatava Basu, Sarah K Whitley, Suniti Bhaumik, Carlene L Zindl, Trenton R Schoeb, Etty N Benveniste, Warren S Pear, Robin D Hatton, Casey T Weaver
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
GFRα3, a Component of the Artemin Receptor, Is Required for Migration and Survival of the Superior Cervical Ganglion
Authors: Jinsuke Nishino, Kyoko Mochida, Yasuhisa Ohfuji, Takuya Shimazaki, Chikara Meno, Sachiko Ohishi, Yoichi Matsuda, Hideta Fujii, Yukio Saijoh, Hiroshi Hamada
Journal: Neuron (1999)
Tumor Angiogenesis: Cause or Consequence of Cancer?
Authors: Ksenya Shchors, Gerard Evan
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Both tumors and normal tissues need a blood supply for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal. However, whereas normal vasculature is hierarchically assembled into efficient networks of arteries, capillaries, and veins, the blood vessels of tumors are a mess—chaotic, leaky, inefficient, and barely making do. Why the difference? Do tumor vessels lack the signals to mature or, instead, is their maturation actively suppressed? What triggers and maintains tumor vasculature? In a recent study using a switchable Myc-driven mouse tumor model, we addressed these fundamental questions. We identified the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β as an essential initiating trigger of vascular endothelial growth factor–dependent angiogenesis. Here, we consider how kinetic studies using regulatable forms of Myc or other oncogenes can shed new light on the way tumors initiate and maintain their aberrant blood supplies. [Cancer Res 2007;67(15):7059–61]
Escherichia coli 0157:H7, an Emerging Gastrointestinal Pathogen
Authors: Kristine L. MacDonald
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To examine the incidence of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 enteric infections in the United States and to evaluate the vehicles of transmission for sporadic cases, we conducted a one-year, population-based study at a large health maintenance organization (HMO) in the Puget Sound area of Washington State. All stool specimens submitted for culture to the HMO laboratory were screened for E coli 0157:H7; the organism was identified in 25 (0.4%) of 6485 stool specimens. All patients with E coli 0157:H7 identified had diarrhea; 24 patients (96%) had bloody diarrhea. Exposure histories demonstrated that rare ground beef was consumed more often by patients (21%) than by age-matched control subjects (4%) in the week before onset of illness. Raw milk also was consumed by two patients but by none of the control subjects. Incidence rates for laboratory-confirmed enteric infections in the HMO population were as follows: Campylobacter , 50/100 000 person-years; Salmonella , 21/100 000 person-years; E coli 0157:H7, 8/100 000 person-years; and Shigella , 7/100 000 person-years. The organism is a more common pathogen in the United States than is generally recognized, and the diagnosis should be considered for patients with suspected enteric infection.  ( JAMA 1988;259:3567-3570)
Thromboembolism Following Hip Surgery
Authors: Richard D. Sautter
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read the interesting article, "Thromboembolism After Total Hip Reconstruction," (225:515, 1973). The authors are to be congratulated for pointing out the magnitude of the problem of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism following total hip replacement. However, since there were no controls in this study, the evaluation of the effectiveness of low-dose heparin for prevention of venous thrombosis is impossible. These same authors, in an excellent article, compared patients receiving low-molecular weight dextran with control patients. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 53.6% in the control group. Although not strictly comparable, it would seem the more recent article does suggest that low-dose heparin may reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis (ie, 53% vs 28%). I was astonished by the suggestion of the authors that perhaps low-dose heparin therapy increases the incidence of pulmonary embolization. In their article they indicated an incidence of pulmonary emboli of 24%.
Points: Improvement in bronchial hyperresponsiveness after treatment with a hypnotic technique
Authors: A E Tattersfield, J. Britton
Journal: BMJ (1987)

in addition to Doppler studies.If they judged, again exclusively by their interpretation of the femoral pulse, that there was some aortoiliac disease then blind aortoiliac surgery was advocated in addition to the distal surgery.If angiography showed a localised iliac stenosis we would proceed to angioplasty.This procedure alone might improve the patient's clinical condition or it might subsequently be necessary to proceed to bypass surgery or further angioplasty.Whereas we advocate and use extensively Doppler ultrasound in the management of peripheral vascular disease, we see it as a critical adjunct to angiography in the combined treatment of patients with peripheral vascular disease by both the surgeon and the radio- logist.1
Colonic Retention of Barium in the Elderly after Barium-meal Examination and its Treatment with Lactulose
Authors: B. J. Prout, S. B. Datta, T. S. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Five cases of colonic retention of barium with severe constipation occurring in elderly patients after a barium-meal examination were seen in a two-year period and it is suggested that this complication may be unrecognized. Lactulose 50% (Duphalac) was an effective agent in inducing bowel evacuation in these patients, who were resistant to more generally used methods.
ABT-869 in Combination with Paclitaxel (P) as First-Line Treatment in Patients (Pts) with Advanced Breast Cancer.
Authors: H. Rugo, J. Lopez-Hernandez, A. Gomez-Villanueva, N. Gupta, J. Qian, Q. Qin, J. Ricker, D. Carlson, M. Kozloff
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: ABT-869 is a novel orally active, potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinases. ABT-869 potentiates the action of P in a number of preclinical tumor models including breast carcinoma (BC). This study was conducted to assess pharmacokinetic (PK) interaction and safety of ABT-869 combined with weekly P, and to guide ABT-869 dosing in the randomized portion of the trial.Methods: Pts with measurable chemotherapy naïve metastatic or unresectable locally advanced BC were eligible for this trial. Treatment consisted of weekly P (90 mg/m2) on Day (D) 1, 8 and 15 of every 28-day cycle (C) and ABT-869 0.20 orally once daily (QD) starting on D3 of C1. Treatment continued until progressive disease (PD) or unacceptable toxicity was observed. CT scans were conducted at baseline (within 21 days prior to C1 D1) and at the end of every 3 cycles. Adverse events (AE) were graded by NCI CTCAE V3.0; efficacy was evaluated by RECIST.Results: As of May 2009, 8 pts have enrolled in this study: 5 at 0.20 mg/kg and, based on the frequent need for dose reductions in this and other ongoing trials, a second cohort has enrolled 3 out of 6 planned pts at 0.15 mg/kg. Preliminary safety and efficacy results are shown (table). Of the 5 pts dosed at 0.20 mg/kg, 2 pts had confirmed partial responses (PR) and continued on drug at reduced dose for 12 and 10 cycles, and 3 discontinued (DC); 1 due to PD, 1 withdrew consent, and 1 for AE (pulmonary embolism, cycle 2). Three pts have been dosed at 0.15 mg/kg; one is early and two have PR. The most common AEs were neutropenia (n=3), stomatitis, vomiting, ALT increased, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia and hypertension (n=2 each). These events were generally grade 1 or 2 except for neutropenia.Conclusion: The combination of ABT-869 0.20 mg/kg QD with P weekly resulted in antitumor activity (2 PR) but required frequent dose reductions due to AEs. A reduced dose of 0.15 mg/kg with weekly P is being evaluated (2 PR). Updated results of this ongoing study will be presented.Pt #Initial ABT-869 Dose (mg)Current ABT-869 Dose (mg)Cycle of Dose ReductionReason for Dose ReductionEnd Cycle 3 AssessmentsEnd Cycle 6 AssessmentsCurrent status 0.20 mg/kg 1001107.54G3 hand-footPRPRCycle 121041105.03,5G3 fatiguePRPRCycle 1010022020----DC in Cycle 2 (PD)102112.512.5--SD-DC in Cycle 4 (withdrew consent due to headaches)10221515----DC in Cycle 2 (Pulmonary embolism) 0.15 mg/kg 10231052,4G2 hand painPR-Cycle 510247.57.5--PR-Cycle 410251010----Cycle 1G= grade Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5076.
Early unrestricted oral fluids after major gastrointestinal operations
Authors: G G P Browning, M J Notaras
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Early unrestricted oral fluids after major gastrointestinal operations Abdominal operations are followed bv a period ot impaired gastrointestinal motility'-during which patients are allowed to drink little.'Conventionally, oral fluids are started after the return of gut motility.'Commonly patients are given small volumes of fluid to drink each hour, the volumes being increased progressivelv over two to three days until the patients are drinking normallv.'We have investigated the effect of allowing early unrestricted consumption of fluids after major gastrointestinal operations.
Toward the Development of a New Self-Report Alexithymia Scale
Authors: Graeme J. Taylor, David Ryan, Michael Bagby
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

Addressing methodological problems in the development of existing scales for measuring alexithymia, this study reports the development of a new self-report scale. The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was devised with concern for theoretical congruence with the alexithymia construct, independence of social desirability response bias, and internal consistency. Initially, 41 items were administered to 542 college students. Twenty-six items meeting preestablished psychometric guidelines were retained. Factor analysis yielded four interpretable factors, all consistent with the construct. The scale demonstrated adequate split-half and test-retest reliability, and scores were not significantly associated with age, education, and socioeconomic status. These preliminary results suggest that the TAS may be used as a clinical screening device with psychiatric and general medical patient populations.