tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
297. Radiovirotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Using Recombinant Measles Expressing Sodium Iodide Symporter
Authors: Kosei Hasegawa, Hooi-Tin Ong, David Dingli, Takafumi Nakamura, Stephen J. Russell, Kah Whye Peng
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We have shown that the MV-Edm, a vaccine strain of measles virus, is potently oncolytic for many types of tumor cells but causes minimal damage on normal cells. Phase I clinical trial in ovarian cancer using recombinant measles virus which express soluble CEA for non-invasive monitoring of the profiles of viral gene expression is on-going in our institution. We are continuing to improve the efficacy and accuracy of MV-Edm for virotherapy for ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is radiosensitive; several clinical trials of intraperitoneal radioimmunotherapy, representing the use of radionuclide conjugated to monoclonal antibodies for imaging and therapy, have shown promising results. We previously generated a recombinant measles virus expressing the human thyroidal sodium iodide symporter (MV-NIS). Myeloma tumor cells infected by MV-NIS very efficiently traps radioiodine and allows non invasive imaging of sites of viral gene expression. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of MV-NIS for virotherapy for ovarian cancer, especially for elimination of advanced residual disease. MV-NIS has selective oncolytic activity; when we infected ovarian cancer cell lines using MV-NIS, large multinucleated syncytia were seen in the cancer cells but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3ip1 and IGROV-1 infected with MV-NIS efficiently accumulated 125I. The uptake was 20 to 40 times higher compared to uninfected cells, and was inhibited by more than 90% using a specific inhibitor KClO4. These results are very encouraging and we are currently performing in vivo experiments in an orthotopic model of ovarian cancer to evaluate the potential of MV-NIS for therapy of advanced stage ovarian cancer.
Contaminants in Clinical Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Systems
Authors: P. Blais
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane separation processes have been successfully used by industry for several years to generate high purity water for injectables. More recently, miniature RO plants have been designed to produce injectables and dialysate solutions for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in health care facilities. Existing commercial systems based on asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes have good separation properties for a number of solutes.<sup>1</sup>However, their behavior is such that certain compounds are not excluded; in fact, a few are transported preferentially and concentrated by the membrane.<sup>2,3</sup>This is in contrast with widely held views in engineering circles that regard RO membranes as sieves that filter largeand medium-sized molecules without regard to their chemistry. Poorly separated compounds include many common municipal water impurities such as pesticides, natural products, and industrial contaminants, which are found in high concentrations in some localities at certain times of the year.
Data on Therapy in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: GARY S. HOFFMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments1 October 1976Data on Therapy in Lupus NephritisGARY S. HOFFMAN, M.D., MCGARY S. HOFFMAN, M.D., MCSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-4-537_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Hahn, Kantor, and Osterland (1) in the November 1975 issue does not quote accurately the results of a study by Cade and associates (2). Dr. Hahn states that Cade's data failed to demonstrate improvement in overall survival with combination azathioprine and prednisone compared with prednisone alone. This point is restated in a reply to my letter in the March 1976 issue.I refer the readers of this journal to Table I in the article by Cade and colleagues (2), which clearly shows that the group receiving prednisone alone had 13 deaths out of 15...References1. HAHNKANTOROSTERLAND BOC: Azathioprine plus prednisone compared with prednisone alone in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of a prospective controlled trial in 24 patients. Ann Intern Med 83:597-605, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar2. CADESPOONERSCHLEIN RGE: Comparison of azathioprine, prednisone and heparin alone or combined in treating lupus nephritis. Nephron 10:37-56, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1976Volume 85, Issue 4Page: 537-537KeywordsLupus nephritis Issue Published: 1 October 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gestational Diabetes May Represent Discovery of Preexisting Glucose Intolerance
Authors: Maureen I Harris
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

A representative sample of 817 American women aged 20-44 yr who were not pregnant and had no medical history of diabetes were given 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs). Although these conditions are somewhat different from those recommended for pregnant women (100 g glucose, 3-h OGTT), 3.8% of the women might have been considered to have met O'Sullivan and Mahan criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) had they been pregnant. Prevalence was 2-3% below age 35 yr, similar to that found in studies of pregnant women, and rose to 8% at age 40-44 yr. Rates of women meeting World Health Organization criteria for gestational impaired glucose tolerance (G-IGT) rose steadily from 5% at age 20-24 yr to 11% at age 40-44 yr. Risk factors for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) including parental history and obesity were more prevalent among women meeting these criteria than among women in the entire group; the same risk factors are also more prevalent among pregnant women with GDM. The similarity of rates in this study to rates of GDM and G-IGT, together with their association with risk factors for NIDDM, indicate that these entities are compatible with undiagnosed glucose intolerance occurring before pregnancy and discovered during the metabolic testing that generally accompanies prenatal care rather than conditions that have an etiologic relationship to pregnancy.
Dialysis Facility Ownership and Epoetin Dosing in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis
Authors: Mae Thamer, Yi Zhang, James Kaufman, Dennis Cotter, Fan Dong, Miguel A. Hernán
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Epoetin therapy for dialysis-related anemia is the single largest Medicare drug expenditure. The type of facility (profit, chain, and affiliation status) at which a patient receives dialysis might affect epoetin dosing patterns and has implications for future epoetin policies.To examine the association between dialysis facility ownership and the dose of epoetin administered.Data from the US Renal Data System were used to identify 159,522 adult Medicare-eligible, end-stage renal disease patients receiving in-center hemodialysis during November and December 2004. Regression models were used to estimate the mean epoetin dose and dose adjustment by profit, chain, and affiliation status.Weekly mean epoetin dose administered in December 2004 and the adjustment in dose between November and December 2004.Compared with patients in nonprofit dialysis facilities (n = 28,199), patients in large for-profit dialysis chain facilities (n = 106,116) were consistently administered the highest doses of epoetin regardless of anemia status. Compared with nonprofit facilities, for-profit facilities administered, on average, an additional 3306 U/wk of epoetin. Among the 6 large chain facilities with a similar patient case-mix, the average dose of epoetin ranged from 17,832 U/wk at chain 5 (nonprofit facilities with a mean hematocrit level of 34.6%) to 24,986 U/wk at chain 2 (for-profit facilities with a mean hematocrit level of 36.5%). Dosing adjustments also differed by type of facility. On average, compared with nonprofit facilities, for-profit facilities increased epoetin doses 3-fold for patients with hematocrit levels of less 33% and also increased the doses among patients with hematocrit levels in the recommended target of 33% to 36%, especially in the largest for-profit chain facilities. The greatest difference in dosing practice patterns between facilities was found among patients with hematocrit levels of less than 33%.Dialysis facility organizational status and ownership are associated with variation in epoetin dosing in the United States. Different epoetin dosing patterns suggest that large for-profit chain facilities used larger dose adjustments and targeted higher hematocrit levels.
Gastric Emptying Before and After Transverse Gastroplasty for Morbid Obesity
Authors: WILLIAM C. VEZINA, D MICHAEL GRACE, MICHAEL J. CHAMBERLAIN, R DOUGLAS MOWBRAY, MICHAEL E. CLARE, ROBERT J. VANDERWERF, MARTIN E. KING, S GEORGE CARRUTHERS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Twenty-three morbidly obese patients underwent gastric emptying studies (Tc-99m egg salad sandwich--a semisolid meal) preoperatively, and at three months and 12 months postoperatively to evaluate the effect of transverse gastroplasty on gastric emptying and to determine the predictive value of this study for weight loss. At three months pouch emptying was variable with nine of 23 patients having prolonged half-times, and 14 shortened half-times compared with preoperative values, despite both groups having identical weight loss. At 12 months pouch half-times returned to baseline. The data suggests that this type of gastroplasty causes weight loss solely by reducing the gastric volume resulting in reduced meal volume. Weight loss is not related to impaired pouch emptying, which might result in a prolonged feeling of fullness. Gastric emptying studies neither preoperatively nor postoperatively have weight loss predictive value for this particular operation.
Ear Problems in Children
Authors: Denise M. Goodman, Cassio Lynm, Edward H. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Eardrum Eardrum Semicircular canals Middle earT wo common ear conditions may affect children.Acute otitis media (AOM) is an infection that usually involves fever, pain, and evidence of middle ear (behind the eardrum) inflammation with effusion (fluid).Otitis media with effusion (OME) is fluid in the middle ear without signs of infection.The eustachian tubes drain fluid from the ears to the back of the throat.When these tubes are swollen or clogged, fluid can build up in the ear, causing these conditions.Risk factors for AOM or OME include exposure to cigarette smoke, allergies, respiratory infections, and drinking while lying on one's back.Avoiding these risks may help prevent these problems.The pneumococcal vaccine prevents one of the most common types of ear and respiratory infections.
Reactivities and clinical relevance of antimitochondrial antibodies to four mitochondrial inner membrane proteins in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Hideo Ishii, Koji Saifuku, Toshihiko Namihisa
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Antimitochondrial antibodies are characteristically detected in sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. The antigens to which the antimitochondrial antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis sera react have been located in the mitochondrial inner membrane. We have reported on four mitochondrial inner membrane proteins, extracted from beef heart, which reacted with antimitochondrial antibodies of primary biliary cirrhosis. These four proteins had molecular weights of 70, 54, 51 and 45 kd. Forty-six of the 50 PBC sera tested were positive with rat kidney and stomach specimens by the indirect immunofluorescent method. All sera of 50 primary biliary cirrhosis patients were positive with at least one and as many as four of the mitochondrial proteins extracted from beef heart using immunoblotting. Forty-seven primary biliary cirrhosis sera (94%) had IgG antibodies (antimitochondrial antibodies) to the antigen proteins, 43 patients (86%) IgM antimitochondrial antibodies and 38 patients (76%) IgA antimitochondrial antibodies. Seventy per cent of patients had antimitochondrial antibodies in all three immunoglobulin classes. In a few primary biliary cirrhosis sera, antimitochondrial antibodies were represented by only one class of immunoglobulin. The major antigenic proteins of mitochondrial inner membrane to which the antimitochondrial antibodies react were the 70 and 51 kd proteins. All primary biliary cirrhosis sera containing antibodies to the 54 and/or 45 kd proteins reacted with 70 kd as well. Patients with an elevation of serum bilirubin over 2 mg per dl were often found to produce antimitochondrial antibodies reactive with the 54 kd in addition to the 70 kd protein. No significant association was found between histological classifications and reactive patterns of antimitochondrial antibodies.
Health department and BMA may reach compromise on records system
Authors: Michael Cross
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The prospect of an end to the long conflict between the BMA and the NHS in England over the ethics of electronic health records surfaced this week when a Department of Health official gave evidence to a parliamentary committee.

Gillian Braunold, clinical director of the programme to create electronic summary records, told the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee that a decision to move to a compromise model of patient consent endorsed by the BMA could be made by the end of July.

The model, known as consent to view, would end the current impasse between professional bodies and the NHS over whether patients can be presumed to have given permission for their electronic …
STUDIES WITH THE LINCOLN BACTERIOPHAGE
Authors: Samuel Saslaw
Journal: JAMA (1952)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Considerable publicity has appeared in the lay press concerning the Lincoln bacteriophage and its use in multiple disease entities. Out of scientific curiosity and at the request of the Columbus Academy of Medicine we decided to study the nature of this agent. One ampul each of "H. S. A. (Lincolnii) Alpha" (lot no. 2022145) and of "H. S. A. (Lincolnii) Beta" (lot no. 2) were given to us by a Columbus physician who had received these materials for clinical trial. Both preparations appeared similar grossly and were clear amber solutions. Both preparations were active in vitro against 18 strains of coagulase-positive hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus recently isolated from the nasopharynx of apparently normal persons. The alpha phage was more active than the beta. There was no measurable activity against coagulase-negative staphylococci. Thus it was established that these ampuls did contain a bacteriophage active against coagulase-positive staphylococci. No effect
A SIMPLE METHOD OF FINDING THE OVA OF UNCINARIA.
Authors: B. B. BAGBY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The following is a simple method of finding the ova of<i>Uncinaria americana:</i> Mix thoroughly one-third of a teaspoonful of hard feces in about a pint of water. After this has stood for about five minutes the ova will have settled to the bottom. Pour off the clear liquid, leaving about one ounce in the bottom of the graduate. Wash the sediment in this manner for three or four times and then strain through cheese cloth or gauze. If the mass does not run through freely, press it with a glass rod. After rinsing, let it settle for a few minutes and then draw up a small quantity from the very bottom of the graduate with a medicine dropper. In a few minutes the ova will have settled at the bottom of the dropper. Put a drop on a slide and cover with a slip. By gentle pressure on the
Dinaciclib, a novel CDK inhibitor, demonstrates encouraging single-agent activity in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma
Authors: Shaji K. Kumar, Betsy LaPlant, Wee Joo Chng, Jeffrey Zonder, Natalie Callander, Rafael Fonseca, Briant Fruth, Vivek Roy, Charles Erlichman, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2014)
A comparison of bone regeneration with human mesenchymal stem cells and muscle-derived stem cells and the critical role of BMP
Authors: Xueqin Gao, Arvydas Usas, Ying Tang, Aiping Lu, Jian Tan, Johannes Schneppendahl, Adam M. Kozemchak, Bing Wang, James H. Cummins, Rocky S. Tuan, Johnny Huard
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Prognostic assessment will be important in flu pandemic
Authors: Gavin D Barlow
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Case reports of suspected adverse drug reactions Case reports were dismissed too quicklyEditor-The main difference between the replications by Loke et al of Venning's studies from the 1980s and the original is the evidence that is accepted as further follow-up. 1 Loke et al mention that 56 of 63 case reports on adverse reactions were cited at least once but accept only nine instances as valid follow-up: attempts at proof of mechanisms or controlled studies.However, unexpected adverse effects are by definition due to an unknown mechanism, and many established adverse effects still escape elucidation after years.Moreover, further accumulation of anecdotal reports can be sufficient evidence.A 10 year tally of 22 drugs that were withdrawn from the market showed that 18 were prompted by case reports and only four by a controlled study; for at least 13 the case reports proved sufficient reason for withdrawal. 2 A highly unusual event that is repeatedly reported in a recently marketed drug, in the absence of publicity, points to an exceedingly high relative risk, a good argument for cause and effect. 3 Moreover, these risks will be picked up spontaneously. 4 5 Apart from the nine instances of follow-up that were accepted by Loke et al, 15 datasheets were amended and seven BNP drug monographs changed.So, even with some overlap, close to half of the case reports were somehow sufficiently noteworthy to have had consequences.Given the small sample size, this is not far from Venning's original.It is a pity that Loke et al do not make all follow-up more explicit for all 56 instances that followed the 63 reports.Their overall conclusion that lack of follow-up means that case reports are of limited value is a non-sequitur.It shows that a more consistent scheme of hypothesistesting studies by industry, government, or third parties is needed instead of the current haphazard approach to drug safety.Such publications may alert and help clinicians in recognising potential adverse events in their patients.Often there is no other way of discovering something unusual.The record of systematic-that is, controlledpostmarketing surveillance in detecting unexpected adverse effects remains surprisingly poor.
THE IMPACT OF MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATED BY CARDIOGENIC SHOCK
Authors: Darren Mylotte, Thierry Lefevre, H&eacute;l&egrave;ne Eltchaninoff, Nicolas Briole, Karim Tazarourte, Alain Margenet, Dominique Th&eacute;bert, Yves Louvard, Marie-Claude Morice, Philippe Garot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effectiveness and acceptability of lidocaine spray in reducing perineal pain during spontaneous vaginal delivery: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Julia Sanders, Rona Campbell, Tim J Peters
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of a lidocaine spray in reducing perineal pain during spontaneous vaginal delivery. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Consultant led obstetric unit. <b>Participants</b> 185 women who had a spontaneous vaginal delivery without epidural analgesia. <b>Interventions</b> Topically applied local anaesthetic spray (93 women) and placebo spray (92 women). <b>Main outcome measure</b> Primary outcome measure was pain during delivery (0-100 scale). The 16 secondary outcome measures included second degree perineal trauma during delivery, trauma of the genital tract, and dyspareunia by two months. <b>Results</b> Lidocaine spray did not reduce pain during spontaneous vaginal delivery: mean 77 and 72 on a scale of 0-100 in the lidocaine and placebo groups, respectively (difference between means 4.8, 95% confidence interval −1.7 to 11.2). Lidocaine spray may reduce genital tract trauma during delivery, in particular second degree perineal trauma. The intervention was highly acceptable to the women and midwives. <b>Conclusions</b> Although lidocaine spray applied to the perineum during spontaneous vaginal delivery did not reduce perineal pain, it was acceptable to both the women and the midwives. <b>Trial registration</b> Current controlled trials ISRCTN99732966[controlled-trials.com].
Role of carboxyl tail of the rat angiotensin II type 1A receptor in agonist-induced internalization of the receptor
Authors: Shigeyuki Chaki, Deng-Fu Guo, Yoshiaki Yamano, Kenji Ohyama, Makio Tani, Masato Mizukoshi, Heigorou Shirai, Tadashi Inagami
Journal: Kidney International (1994)
Scintigraphic Appearance of Extraosseous Uptake of Technetium-99m MDP Following Liposuction Therapy
Authors: DOUGLAS K. SCHWEGEL, LAMK M. LAMKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Tc-99m diphosphonate bone imaging was performed to detect osseous metastatic disease in a 54-year-old female with known breast cancer. No evidence of metastatic disease was seen, however, abnormal soft tissue uptake was detected in the lateral aspects of each thigh, persisting even after cleansing and regowning the patient. A previous bone scan performed approximately one year earlier revealed no evidence of abnormal soft tissue uptake in the thighs. History revealed that three months prior to this study, the patient underwent a cosmetic surgical procedure, liposuction, for the removal of excessive cellulite from the lateral aspects of her thighs. This case demonstrates that liposuction therapy should be included in the list of differential causes of abnormal soft tissue uptake of bone-seeking agents (1,2).
On Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The most profoundly depressing of all ideas about the future of the human species is the concept of artificial intelligence. The ambition that human beings will ultimately cap their success as evolutionary overachievers by manufacturing computers of such complexity and ingenuity as to be smarter than they are, and that these devices will take over and run the place for human betterment or perhaps, later on, for machine betterment, strikes me as wrong in a deep sense, maybe even evil. Until now, computers have had the look of useful, often indispensable tools; you can't run banks or hospitals or department . . .