tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TWO CASES OF TUMOR AT THE PONTO-CEREBELLAR ANGLE WITH AUTOPSIES.
Authors: THEODORE DILLER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In presenting these two cases no attempt will be made to review the literature of the subject of tumors at the ponto-cerebellar angle, which has now become quite extensive. They are recorded as a contribution to the subject for what they may be worth as clinical and postmortem records. <h3>Case 1.—Patient.</h3> —A single man, clerk, aged 29, was admitted to the Allegheny General Hospital on April 18, 1905, in the service of Dr. T. M. McKennan, to whom I am indebted for the early notes of the case and who was first to make the correct diagnosis. <h3>History.</h3> —The family history was unimportant. The patient had enjoyed good health up to the time of his present illness. His personal habits had been good. He denied syphilis. The present illness began about a year previously with headache, which soon became of daily occurrence, and grew more and more severe. It
Ideal Cardiovascular Health Is Inversely Associated With Incident Cancer
Authors: Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Christina M. Shay, Judith G. Abramson, Christopher A. Friedrich, Jennifer A. Nettleton, Anna E. Prizment, Aaron R. Folsom
Journal: Circulation (2013)

The American Heart Association (AHA) has defined the concept of ideal cardiovascular health in promotion of the 2020 Strategic Impact Goals. We examined whether adherence to ideal levels of the 7 AHA cardiovascular health metrics was associated with incident cancers in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study over 17 to 19 years of follow-up.After exclusions for missing data and prevalent cancer, 13 253 ARIC participants were included for analysis. Baseline measurements were used to classify participants according to 7 AHA cardiovascular health metrics. Combined cancer incidence (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers) from 1987 to 2006 was captured using cancer registries and hospital surveillance; 2880 incident cancer cases occurred over follow-up. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios for incident cancer. There was a significant (P trend <0.0001), graded, inverse association between the number of ideal cardiovascular health metrics at baseline and cancer incidence. Participants meeting goals for 6 to 7 ideal health metrics (2.7% of the population) had 51% lower risk of incident cancer than those meeting goals for 0 ideal health metrics. When smoking was removed from the sum of ideal health metrics, the association was attenuated with participants meeting goals for 5 to 6 health metrics having 25% lower cancer risk than those meeting goals for 0 ideal health metrics (P trend =0.03).Adherence to the 7 ideal health metrics defined in the AHA 2020 goals is associated with lower cancer incidence. The AHA should continue to pursue partnerships with cancer advocacy groups to achieve reductions in chronic disease prevalence.
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in congestive heart failure (CHF) may be mediated by impairment of the pulmonary adrenergic signal transduction pathway
Authors: Mathias M. Borst, Wilke Beuthien, Paul La Rosée, Carsten Schwencke, Rainer Marquetant, Ruth H. Strasser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Blocking the hedgehog pathway inhibits hepatoblastoma growth
Authors: Melanie Eichenmüller, Ivonne Gruner, Beate Hagl, Beate Häberle, Josef Müller-Höcker, Dietrich von Schweinitz, Roland Kappler
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract Recent evidence has indicated that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling significantly contributes to liver development and regeneration and that activation of the pathway may contribute to growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in adults. However, the role of Hh signaling in pediatric liver tumors remains to be elucidated. In this study, we show that Hh signaling is activated in hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common liver tumor in childhood, with most occurrences before the age of 3 years. The Hh target genes glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 ( GLI1 ) and Patched ( PTCH1 ) showed increased transcript levels in 65% and 30% of HB samples, respectively, compared with normal liver tissues. Most interestingly, the gene encoding the hedgehog interacting protein ( HHIP ) is transcriptionally silenced by cytosine-phospho-guanosine (CpG) island promoter hypermethylation in 26% of HB cases and treatment with the DNA-demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine partially restored HHIP expression. Blocking Hh signaling with the antagonist cyclopamine had a strong inhibitory effect on cell proliferation of HB cell lines with an activated pathway. We further demonstrate that this decrease in cell viability is caused by a massive induction of apoptosis, as shown by morphological changes and phosphatidylserine membrane asymmetry. In cyclopamine-exposed HB cells, caspase 3 and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase proteins were specifically activated by their proteolytic cleavage. Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, the frequent occurrence of GLI1 and PTCH1 overexpression and HHIP promoter methylation in early childhood HB, thus indicating a key role for Hh signaling activation in the malignant transformation of embryonal liver cells. (Hepatology 2009;49:482–490.)
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Ann Ouyang
Journal: JAMA (1984)

In their preface, the authors state that this book is aimed at physicians, surgeons, radiologists, and histopathologists. It covers ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and conditions with which they are confused. The book is multiauthored and divided into sections. The first section is an overview of the historical developments in inflammatory bowel disease followed by reviews on its genetics and epidemiology. These are three well-written chapters that provide a nice synthesis of available data, as well as critical discussions of the flaws in extant studies. The second section is labeled "pathophysiology" but is a description of the pathophysiology of intestinal dysfunction that occurs as a result of inflammatory bowel disease. It is a mixed collection of papers of interest to investigators in each particular field, such as absorption or motility. It probably has less appeal to the internist or surgeon simply involved in taking care of a patient with inflammatory bowel
TB should be diagnosed before using a fluoroquinolone
Authors: A. Agarwal
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Initial symptoms of tuberculosis are likely to be ignored by patients. Factors related to healthcare providers, however, are much more likely to cause the delay in diagnosing tuberculosis. The findings of Rodger et al help in confirming the bias of healthcare providers that resulted in delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis in white people and women.1

Another important provider …
Beneficial effect of an amino-acid based formula for neonatal eosinophilic folliculitis associated with hyper-IgE syndrome and cow's milk allergy
Authors: V.P. Hernandez-Trujillo, J.T. Belleau, W.T. Nguyen, M. Jeng, M.E. Conley, D.B. Lew
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Les ligaments ronds de l'utérus humain: anatomie et histologie comparées, étude physiologique, intérêt chirurgical
Authors: A. P. Hovnanian
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In this monograph the authors have compiled our present day knowledge on the round ligaments of the uterus. In addition to reviewing the anatomy, histology, embryology, and pathology of the ligaments, they have included the different surgical approaches to the round ligaments in treatment of uterine displacements. The authors surmise the presence of functioning smooth muscle elements in the ligaments and prove their view by myographs showing the effect of chemical and electrical stimulation on these muscle fibers. The same procedures are repeated using parasympatheticomimic drugs to show the expected contraction curves. According to the authors, part of the pelvic pain associated with uterine abnormalities is due to the elongation or contraction, or both, of the nonstriated muscle fibers in the round ligaments. This, however, has not been proven by them. This monograph is a worthy study and should be found in the library of any gynecologist, anatomist, or physiologist.
High-purity enrichment of functional cardiovascular cells from human iPS cells
Authors: Bo Lin, Jong Kim, Yanxin Li, Haiying Pan, Xonia Carvajal-Vergara, Guy Salama, Tao Cheng, Yong Li, Cecilia W. Lo, Lei Yang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

A variety of human inherited heart diseases affect the normal functions of cardiomyocytes (CMs), endothelial cells (ECs), or smooth muscle cells (SMCs). To study human heart disease and generate cardiac cells for basic and translational research, an efficient strategy is needed for production of cardiac lineages from human stem cells. In the present study, a highly reproducible method was developed that can simultaneously enrich a large number of CMs and cardiac SMCs and ECs from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells with high purity. Human multipotent cardiovascular progenitor cells were generated from human iPS cells, followed by selective differentiation of the multipotent cardiovascular progenitor cells into CMs, ECs, and SMCs. With further fluorescence-activated cell sorting, each of the three cardiovascular cell types could be enriched with high purity (>90%). These enriched cardiovascular cells exhibited specific gene expression signatures and normal functions when assayed both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, CMs purified from iPS cells derived from a patient with LEOPARD syndrome, a disease characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, showed the expected up-regulated expression of genes associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Overall, our technical advance provides the means for generating a renewable resource of pure human cardiovascular cells that can be used to dissect the mechanisms of human inherited heart disease and for the future development of drug and cell therapeutics for heart disease.
The Clinical Value of Borocaine in Ophthalmology
Authors: T. H. Butler, R. U. Gillan
Journal: BMJ (1926)

t_TM_S__ 88 stretched out immobile and rigid; later it passed through a period of inco-ordination on mr.ovement.Next day it was less rigid, but was not well and died the same night, about thirty-six hours after the injection.In on1e of my experimenits a rabbit, weight 1.38 kilos, recoived 20 c.cm. of a 5 per cent.solutioni of beta-eucailne borato (=720 mg. per kilo).This dose is approximately ten times the minimal lethal dose of cocaine hydrochloride.Thle animal had c6nvulsions lasting twefty minutes, but recoverod.Beta-eucaino borate is not more irritant for rabbits than cocai.neliydrochloride, and it is less irritant than beta- eucaine lactate.Thus, in a rabbit 0.5 c.cm. of a 10 per cenit.solution of beta-eucaine borate injected subcuta- neously caused slight thickeninig and hyperaemia lastinig thlree days; the same dose of beta-eucaine lactate in equal conicontration caused much thickening and ecchymosis lasting seven days, and this was followed by sloughing, as in Le Brocq's experiment.2This irritationi may not be of practical importance when the greater dilution of tlhe solutiotns as compared with cocaine Ilydrochlorideis taken into account.Beta-cucaine borate is a vaso-dilator, and, in tho cat, a 2 per cent.solution causes marked congestion of the nasal mucous membrane.
Lentiviral Vectors Transduce Proliferating Dendritic Cell Precursors Leading to Persistent Antigen Presentation and Immunization
Authors: Frederick Arce, Helen M Rowe, Benjamin Chain, Luciene Lopes, Mary K Collins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are tools for in vivo gene delivery, to correct genetic defects or to deliver antigens for vaccination. It was reported that systemic injection of LVs in mice transduced cells in liver and spleen. Here we describe the reasons for, and consequences of, persistent gene expression in spleen. After 5 days of intravenous injection, a green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expressing LV was detected in lymphocytes, macrophages and all subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) in spleen. In the case of macrophages and DCs, the percentage of transduced cells increased between 5 and 30 days after injection. We used bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation to show that the macrophages were largely nondividing, whereas the transduced DCs arose from dividing precursor cells and could be detected in spleen 2 months after injection. Expression of ovalbumin (OVA) in the LV reduced the number of transduced DCs in spleen after 30 days. However, the remaining transduced cells stimulated proliferation and activation of OVA-specific CD8(+) T cells transferred 2 months after LV injection. The mice also maintained cytolytic activity against OVA-pulsed targets. These results show that LVs transduce DC precursors, which maintain transduced DCs in spleen for at least 2 months, leading to prolonged antigen presentation and effective T-cell memory.
Oxygen-Carrying Proteins in Meat and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: William J. Evans
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage
Authors: Matthias Merker, Camille Blin, Stefano Mona, Nicolas Duforet-Frebourg, Sophie Lecher, Eve Willery, Michael G B Blum, Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes, Igor Mokrousov, Eman Aleksic, Caroline Allix-Béguec, Annick Antierens, Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć, Marie Ballif, Francesca Barletta, Hans Peter Beck, Clifton E Barry, Maryline Bonnet, Emanuele Borroni, Isolina Campos-Herrero, Daniela Cirillo, Helen Cox, Suzanne Crowe, Valeriu Crudu, Roland Diel, Francis Drobniewski, Maryse Fauville-Dufaux, Sébastien Gagneux, Solomon Ghebremichael, Madeleine Hanekom, Sven Hoffner, Wei-wei Jiao, Stobdan Kalon, Thomas A Kohl, Irina Kontsevaya, Troels Lillebæk, Shinji Maeda, Vladyslav Nikolayevskyy, Michael Rasmussen, Nalin Rastogi, Sofia Samper, Elisabeth Sanchez-Padilla, Branislava Savic, Isdore Chola Shamputa, Adong Shen, Li-Hwei Sng, Petras Stakenas, Kadri Toit, Francis Varaine, Dragana Vukovic, Céline Wahl, Robin Warren, Philip Supply, Stefan Niemann, Thierry Wirth
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
US health groups protest against proposed government "conscience rule"
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Leading US medical, religious, political, and reproductive health groups have sent letters to the federal Department of Health and Human Services objecting to a proposed rule regarding conscientious objection. The rule, issued in August, would protect healthcare workers from discrimination if they refused to participate in medical care to which they had religious or moral objections ( BMJ 2008;337:a1509, doi:10.1136/bmj.a1509).

The rule focused on abortion, which it did not define. However, the rule would also protect healthcare workers who objected to any type of care. They would not be required to counsel or refer patients to health providers who offered such care.

Healthcare providers …
Measuring Coverage in MNCH: Tracking Progress in Health for Women and Children Using DHS and MICS Household Surveys
Authors: Attila Hancioglu, Fred Arnold
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

In a PLOS Medicine Review, Attila Hancioglu and Fred Arnold describe the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) and highlight the methodological principles and challenges involved in using household survey data to measure reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health intervention coverage.
Sudden Death from Coronary Disease
Authors: Lester Adelson
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Five hundred consecutive sudden deaths ascribed to coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease after complete autopsy were studied, with special attention to coronary vessels and myocardium. In 184 cases, new disease (recent thrombosis, acute myocardial infarct, or both) explained the sudden catastrophe. The remaining cases presented only chronic degenerative coronary disease, frequently associated with healed infarcts. The cardiac mechanisms responsible for sudden death in coronary disease must of necessity differ in these two groups with such disparate morbid anatomy. The presence of an intact myocardium in many of these patients suggests that the potentiality for good cardiac function exists if the heart beat can be restored. Such positive measures as intermittent rhythmic manual compression ("cardiac massage"), electrical defibrillation, or both in association with artificial respiration are indicated when the physician is present at deaths occurring under these circumstances.
Patient and Provider Congruence
Authors: Karen Zulkowski, Patricia Coon, Charles Wittnam
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Measures of effective diabetes management have traditionally included either provider adherence to best practice guidelines or clinical indicators such as laboratory values (1). This gives the clinical picture from the provider’s viewpoint but leaves out the patient perspective. This descriptive study was designed to determine congruence between rural patient self-reported and provider-documented information on American Diabetes Association (ADA)- recommended guidelines for measurement and control of HbA1c, blood pressure, lipid levels, and preventive services (2,3).

Provider medical record information and patient questionnaires were matched for 149 patients, 45 years of age and with …
OUTCOMES OF ANTI-PLATELET THERAPY FOR ACS AND NON-ACS PATIENTS DIRECTED BY POST-PCI PLATELET FUNCTION TESTING IN A REAL WORLD SETTING
Authors: Elad Asher, Perry Anarado, Myttle Mayuga, Martin Bradley, Ka Chun Alan Chan, Isidore Okere, Darwin Jeyaraj, Daniel Simon, Tom Lassar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Intraoperative Diagnosis and Management of Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Ravinay Bhindi, Oliver J. Ormerod
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Clausewitz of the NHS
Authors: L. Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

England's secretary of state for health, John Reid, explains why his tactics have been to retreat on the consultant contract but stand his ground on foundation hospitals

It came as a huge surprise to everyone–not least, John Reid himself–when he was appointed health secretary after Alan Milburn's unexpected resignation in June. According to the Mail on Sunday , the reaction of the former Northern Ireland secretary was: “Oh fuck, it's health.”

   ![][1] 

Credit: KEVIN FEBRUARY

He laughs, leans back in the squashy sofa in his Whitehall office, overlooking the Cenotaph war memorial, and refuses to confirm or deny the story.

“What is true,” he says, in his soft, unhurried Glaswegian accent, “is I didn't expect to get health. I had not lobbied all my life to get it. I was surprised… but within 48 to 72 hours I had already begun to get hugely excited about it.”

Reid has no record in health. He lists his interests as foreign affairs, defence, and economic affairs. But he does have a good track record for filling the breach when other ministers resign. He took over from Donald Dewar as secretary of state for Scotland in 1999 …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Aluminum induced anemia: Pathogenesis and treatment in patients on chronic hemodialysis
Authors: Margaret J. Bia, Kerry Cooper, Sandra Schnall, Thomas Duffy, Ernesto Hendler, Hartmut Malluche, Lawrence Solomon
Journal: Kidney International (1989)

The baseline hematologic status of 27 patients with modest degrees of aluminum overload was examined. In addition, hematologic data were evaluated in 19 of these patients during and after treatment with DFO. Although neither severe anemia nor microcytosis was observed pretreatment, there was a significant correlation between hemoglobin level and degree of aluminum burden as determined by bone surface aluminum staining (r = -0.58; P less than 0.007). Following treatment with DFO, hemoglobin concentration increased dramatically by 1.3 to 4.4 g/dl in eight patients but did not change in the remaining eleven. Responders and nonresponders were similar with regard to the degree of aluminum overload both before and after chelation therapy but differed with regard to baseline levels of erythropoietin (higher in responders) and degree of iron overload (greater in nonresponders). Pretherapy levels of red cell ALA dehydratase were depressed in all patients (32 +/- 4 vs. 56 +/- 5 U/g Hb in normals) but did not correlate with the degree of aluminum overload and did not change with chelation therapy. Pretherapy levels of red cell protoporphyrin were elevated in 15 of 24 patients (62%) and were higher in responders than in nonresponders. Following DFO therapy, levels fell by 25 to 50% in 7 of 8 patients with elevated pretherapy values, despite the tendency in several patients to develop iron deficiency with treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analysis of Patients Undergoing Breast Biopsy
Authors: Marc J. Homer
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Mammography plays an important role in the examination of the patient with palpable breast mass. The benefits as well as the limitations of mammography in this clinical setting are examined, and the implications of a normal mammogram report are emphasized. Physicians must be aware that the decision of whether to biopsy a palpable breast mass should not be determined solely by the mammographic findings. It is recommended that patients undergo a mammographic examination before having a breast biopsy.