tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Torsion of Spermatic Cord: A Plea for Manipulative Reduction
Authors: R. Burkitt
Journal: BMJ (1956)

The accepted treatment of torsion of the spermatic cord is operative reduction.That this is a comparatively rare surgical emergency all surgeons will readily admit.As O'Conor (1933) pointed out, however, the condition is prob- ably much commoner than is generally realized, most cases never reaching a surgeon, and, in fact, never being diagnosed at all.They are looked upon by their doctor as cases of simple orchitis, and treated conservatively.If no attempt is made to reduce the torsion the pain will disappear after two to five days, and the swelling will disappear by the end of 10 days or a fortnight.Only if the doctor sees the case a long time afterwards, and notices that the patient has one atrophic testicle, will he have a chance of recognizing his mistake.One wonders whether it is impressed strongly enough on the young doctor that orchitis is extremely rare, while torsion of the testis is comparatively common in the young subject.The results of operative reduction are unfortunately ex- tremely bad, and most figures go to show that approximately 50% develop subsequent atrophy of the testis.The reason for this is presumably the testicle's intolerance to ischaemia, and it is therefore of the utmost importance that reduction should be carried out at the earliest possible moment.The period elapsing between the consultation in the doctor's surgery and the operating table may be just sufficient to make the difference between a lost and a saved testis.If the patient has the normal complement of two testes, this may be of small importance, but it is very different if only one is present, and there is always the danger of mumps striking down the other later.Where the testis is fully descended non-operative reduction is often an exceedingly simple manceuvre, which can be carried out by any doctor in his surgery or in the patient's home.This non-operative treatment has not been advocated in this country on the grounds that failure to fix the testis may result in recurrence.This seems a most inadequate argument, as orchidopexy can always be performed at a later date if necessary, and, if immediate manual reduction
Hypoxic Changes in Conducting Tissue of the Heart in Sudden Death in Infancy Syndrome
Authors: J. A. J. Ferris
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a group of 50 sudden unexpected infant deaths serial sectioning of the hearts has revealed in 11 cases the presence of petechial haemorrhages in the region of the sinus node and internodal conducting tissue tracts. It is suggested that these findings indicate myocardial hypoxia and that such disturbance of the conducting system may well account for a failure to survive in the sudden death in infancy syndrome.
Prolonged Initial Remission in Patients with Nodular Mixed Lymphoma
Authors: DAN L. LONGO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Seventy-nine patients with nodular mixed lymphoma were treated at the National Cancer Institute between 1966 and 1978. Fifteen patients had stage I or II disease, and 64, stage III or IV disease. The overall complete response rate for the patients that received various primary treatment regimens was 76%, with 52% of complete responders remaining in their first remission at a median follow-up of 7 years. Median survival of complete responders is projected to be more than 13 years. Median survival of patients who do not achieve complete remission is less than 2 years. Patients with B symptoms, bone marrow involvement, or a lactate dehydrogenase level greater than 250 U/mL had significantly shorter survivals than did patients without these features. Patients with advanced-stage (III and IV) nodular mixed lymphoma had a 72% complete response rate, with the average remission lasting more than 6 years. Although relapses have been seen up to 8 years after diagnosis in patients with nodular mixed lymphoma given C-MOPP chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone), prolonged initial remissions can be achieved with this therapy.
Telomerase Activity in Small-Cell and Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers
Authors: K. Hiyama, E. Hiyama, S. Ishioka, M. Yamakido, K. Inai, A. F. Gazdar, M. A. Piatyszek, J. W. Shay
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Telomerase Activity in Small-Cell and Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancers Get access Keiko Hiyama, Keiko Hiyama Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience. The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of MedicineJapan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eiso Hiyama, Eiso Hiyama Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Department of General Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shinichi Ishioka, Shinichi Ishioka Second Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michio Yamakido, Michio Yamakido Second Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kouki Inai, Kouki Inai Second Department of Pathology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Adi F. Gazdar, Adi F. Gazdar Simmons Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mieczyslaw A. Piatyszek, Mieczyslaw A. Piatyszek Simmons Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jerry W. Shay Jerry W. Shay 3Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Correspondence to : J. W. Shay, M.D., The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, The Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75235–9039. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 12, 21 June 1995, Pages 895–902, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.12.895 Published: 21 June 1995 Article history Received: 09 February 1995 Revision received: 10 April 1995 Accepted: 11 April 1995 Published: 21 June 1995
Lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: DIANA B. HOLLAND, G. GOWLAND, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations were measured in the peripheral blood of patients with varying severity of acne and in acne-free control subjects. Increased severity of acne correlated with an increased number of T lymphocytes, helper T cells and B cells, while the number of suppressor T cells remained normal and did not alter significantly. This evidence suggests that there is no lack of regulation of the immune response in acne patients.
Comprehensive Surgical Atlases in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Robert W. Cantrell
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The Flemish geographer, Gerhardus Mercator, published in 1595 a collection of maps with a frontispiece containing an illustration of the mythological Titan Atlas bearing a globe on his shoulders. This proved quite popular, and other cartographers followed his lead. Such collections of maps and charts, as well as nongeographical publications of similar format, became known as atlases.  Today, any volume of tables, charts, or plates that systematically illustrates a subject is known as an atlas; medical texts requiring the extensive demonstration of anatomy utilize this format very effectively. Surgeons, in particular, frequently resort to atlases to help chart their course through the rocky shoals of particularly difficult anatomy when planning a procedure. Far from demonstrating ignorance, the prudent surgeon who does not frequently perform a procedure can obtain a quick refresher to the patient's benefit.  The head and neck, containing as it does multiple vital anatomic structures in a relatively
Acknowledgments in Articles
Authors: THERESA C. MCLOUD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1988Acknowledgments in ArticlesTHERESA C. MCLOUD, M.D.THERESA C. MCLOUD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-5-776_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: This letter is in reference to the article by Inouye and Sox (1), "Standard and Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Neoplasms of the Chest." At the end of the article, the authors included my name in the acknowledgments with a "thank you" for helpful review of the manuscript. Several of my colleagues have brought this acknowledgment to my attention because they have felt that it indicated my support for the article's content.The manuscript had been sent to me by the American College of Physicians for editorial review in regard to a policy statement on the...References1. INOUYE S and SOX H. Standard and computed tomography in the evaluation of neoplasms of the chest: a comparative efficacy assessment. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:906-24. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HALL F, SIMON M, and PUGATCH R. Standard and computed tomography in the evaluation of chest neoplasms [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:160. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: THERESA C. MCLOUD, M.D.Affiliations: Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA 02114 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1988Volume 108, Issue 5Page: 776-777KeywordsComputed axial tomographyThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract A11: Common links suggest a shared embryologic origin for pancreatic and ovarian mucinous tumors
Authors: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Kevin M. Elias, Allison F. Vitonis, Jason L. Hornick, Leona A. Doyle, Michelle S. Hirsch, Daniel W. Cramer, Ronny Drapkin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Mucinous ovarian tumors (MOT) have been linked to mucinous colorectal and appendiceal adenocarcinomas. However, recent molecular studies suggest MOT may share more in common with pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN). Commonalities between these seemingly disparate tumors are explored. Methods: Epidemiologic features of MOT and mucinous gastrointestinal tumors were compared using the SEER database. Regional cases of 287 mucinous ovarian tumors were examined against 2,339 age-matched controls to delineate MOT risk factors. A case series of MCN was identified by chart review. Protein expression patterns among tumors were examined using seven immunohistochemical markers. Results: SEER revealed that among GI neoplasms the epidemiology of MCN was most similar to MOT by age, race, and stage. MCN occurred almost exclusively in women, with a sex ratio of 19:1, compared to 1•1:1 and 1•2:1 for mucinous colorectal and appendiceal adenocarcinomas. In the case-control study, appendectomy and cervical conization did not reduce the risk of MOT, while smoking (OR 2•68, 95% CI 1•85-3•89, p&amp;lt;0•001), was associated with an increased risk of MOT. Smoking was similarly common among MCN patients. Histologically, MOT and MCN were CK7+, CK20-, MUC2-, and CDX2-, whereas mucinous colorectal and appendiceal adenocarcinomas were CK7-, CK20+, MUC2+, and CDX2+. Interpretation: Clinical and morphologic similarities between MOT and MCN suggest a common pathogenesis, potentially a shared precursor such as embryologic rests that stopped in the pancreatic buds during migration of the primordial follicles to the gonads during development. This implies mucinous ovarian tumors may originate from primordial follicles, not the ovarian surface epithelium, offering a novel explanation for their pathogenesis. Citation Format: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Kevin M. Elias, Allison F. Vitonis, Jason L. Hornick, Leona A. Doyle, Michelle S. Hirsch, Daniel W. Cramer, Ronny Drapkin. Common links suggest a shared embryologic origin for pancreatic and ovarian mucinous tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr A11.
Referral for menstrual problems: cross sectional survey of symptoms, reasons for referral, and management
Authors: P. Warner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To describe the menstrual experience of women referred for menstrual problems, in particular menorrhagia (excessive menstrual loss), and to assess associations with reasons for referral given by their general practitioners, the women9s understanding of the reasons for their attendance at the hospital clinics, and clinic outcome. <b>Design:</b> Questionnaire survey, with partial review of case notes after 8 months. <b>Setting:</b> Three hospital gynaecology clinics in Glasgow and Edinburgh. <b>Participants:</b> 952 women completed the questionnaire, and the first 665 were reviewed. <b>Outcome measures:</b> Reason for referral, women9s reported menstrual problems and reason for clinic attendance, diagnosis, and treatment. <b>Results:</b> Only 38% (95% confidence interval 34% to 41%) of women reported excessive menstrual loss as a severe problem. However 60% (57-63%) gave it as reason for attending a clinic, and 76% (73-79%) of general practitioners gave it as reason for referral. Reason for referral was significantly biased towards bleeding (McNemar odds ratio 4.01, 3.0 to 5.3, P&lt;0.001) and against pain (0.54, 0.4 to 0.7, P&lt;0.001). Dysfunctional uterine bleeding was diagnosed in 37% (31-42%) of the 259 women who gave as reason for attendance something other than bleeding. Women who were economically disadvantaged differed in prevalence of the main diagnoses and were more likely to fail to reattend. Hysterectomy was associated with referral for bleeding (relative risk 4.9, 1.6 to 15.6, P&lt;0.001) but not with the patient stating bleeding as the reason for clinic attendance. <b>Conclusions:</b> Intolerance of the volume of their bleeding is not a key feature among women attending clinics for bleeding problems. Broad menstrual complaint tends to be reframed as excessive bleeding at referral and during management. This may result in women receiving inappropriate care. Conceptualisation and assessment of menorrhagia requires reconsideration. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Excessive menstrual loss (menorrhagia) is one of the commonest reasons for secondary referral of women, but there is no formalised clinical assessment in routine use Management typically involves potent drugs or invasive surgery, with 60% of women having hysterectomy within 5 years Many women referred for menorrhagia have menstrual blood loss that is not excessive <h3>What this study adds</h3> Discordance exists between symptoms and both referral and diagnostic pathways, arising from a disproportionate focus on menstrual bleeding Among women referred for menorrhagia, volume of bleeding is not a key symptom This raises concerns about conceptualisation and assessment of menstrual complaint and the appropriateness of healthcare provision
Reduced Epicardial Coronary Vasodilator Capacity in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Giuseppe Vassalli, Philipp Kaufmann, Bruno Villari, Markus Jakob, Hildegard Boj, Wolfgang Kiowski, Otto M. Hess
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Enlargement of the epicardial coronary arteries occurs in left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy as an adaptation to the increased coronary blood flow. Methods and Results Vasodilator capacity of the epicardial coronary arteries was determined in 44 patients. The dose-response relation of intracoronary nitroglycerin was assessed in 14 patients (7 control subjects and 7 patients with aortic stenosis [study A]) using quantitative coronary angiography. In a second study (B), vasodilator capacity of the epicardial coronary arteries was determined in 15 control subjects and 15 patients with valvular heart disease. In study A, a curvilinear dose-response relation with maximal vasodilation after 90 μg intracoronary nitroglycerin was found in both control subjects and patients with aortic stenosis. Vasodilator capacity was reduced in those with aortic stenosis, although sensitivity to nitroglycerin was similar in both groups. In study B, coronary circumferential length at baseline was larger in those with LV hypertrophy (12.2±2.2 mm) than in control subjects (8.6±1.5 mm; P &lt;.001); after 100 μg intracoronary nitroglycerin, it increased to 12.9±2.2 mm (6±5%) in those with LV hypertrophy and to 10.3±1.5 mm (21±8%; P &lt;.001) in control subjects. An inverse relation between baseline circumferential length and its percent increase after nitroglycerin was found ( r =−.71, P &lt;.001). Conclusions Vasodilator capacity of the epicardial coronary arteries is reduced in patients with LV hypertrophy, although sensitivity to nitroglycerin is normal. This may be due to a flow-mediated decrease in coronary vasomotor tone and/or the occurrence of vascular remodeling with an enlargement of the coronary arteries.
Lack of oats toxicity in coeliac disease
Authors: J. Schmitz
Journal: BMJ (1997)

without reference to patients' views, with no attempt to involve users in their planning and operation, and with limited efforts to assess patient satisfaction.Without evidence to support a need for uniform standards of service and care, and without a clear idea of what those standards should be, they are likely to maintain their independence of action, as practice rotas have always done.Uniformity is not necessarily a virtue in circumstances where needs and demands for care differ.The importance of flexibility in order to address local needs and circumstances, particularly where services are poor, lies at the heart of the recent government white paper on primary care. 18However, equality of access to uniformly high standards of care is an important goal for primary health care, and increasing variability in the organisation and delivery of out of hours services should not lead to increasing inequality.
ANEMIA, HYPOPROTEINEMIA, AND CATARACTS IN SWINE FED CASEIN HYDROLYSATE OR ZEIN. COMPARISON WITH PYRIDOXINE-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA 1
Authors: G. E. Cartwright, M. M. Wintrobe, W. H. Buschke, R. H. Follis, A. Suksta, S. Humphreys
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1945)
Pharmacogenetics and Ethnoracial Differences in Smoking
Authors: Edward M. Sellers
Journal: JAMA (1998)

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Large-volume Intrathecal Enzyme Delivery Increases Survival of a Mouse Model of Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis
Authors: Su Xu, Lingling Wang, Mukarram El-Banna, Istvan Sohar, David E Sleat, Peter Lobel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in TPP1, the gene encoding the lysosomal protease tripeptidyl-peptidase (TPP1). LINCL primarily affects children, is fatal and there is no effective treatment. Administration of recombinant protein has proved effective in treatment of visceral manifestations of other lysosomal storage disorders but to date, only marginal improvement in survival has been obtained for neurological diseases. In this study, we have developed and optimized a large-volume intrathecal administration strategy to deliver therapeutic amounts of TPP1 to the central nervous system (CNS) of a mouse model of LINCL. To determine the efficacy of treatment, we have monitored survival as the primary endpoint and demonstrate that an acute treatment regimen (three consecutive daily doses started at 4 weeks of age) increases median lifespan of the LINCL mice from 16 (vehicle treated) to 23 weeks (enzyme treated). Consistent with the increase in life-span, we also observed significant reversal of pathology and improvement in neurological phenotype. These results provide a strong basis for both clinical investigation of large-volume/high-dose delivery of TPP1 to the brain via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and extension of this approach towards other neurological lysosomal storage diseases. Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (LINCL) is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in TPP1, the gene encoding the lysosomal protease tripeptidyl-peptidase (TPP1). LINCL primarily affects children, is fatal and there is no effective treatment. Administration of recombinant protein has proved effective in treatment of visceral manifestations of other lysosomal storage disorders but to date, only marginal improvement in survival has been obtained for neurological diseases. In this study, we have developed and optimized a large-volume intrathecal administration strategy to deliver therapeutic amounts of TPP1 to the central nervous system (CNS) of a mouse model of LINCL. To determine the efficacy of treatment, we have monitored survival as the primary endpoint and demonstrate that an acute treatment regimen (three consecutive daily doses started at 4 weeks of age) increases median lifespan of the LINCL mice from 16 (vehicle treated) to 23 weeks (enzyme treated). Consistent with the increase in life-span, we also observed significant reversal of pathology and improvement in neurological phenotype. These results provide a strong basis for both clinical investigation of large-volume/high-dose delivery of TPP1 to the brain via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and extension of this approach towards other neurological lysosomal storage diseases.