tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Devices and Methods for Long-term Vascular Access for Blood Sampling and Insulin Infusion
Authors: A Bahoric, R M Filler, K Perlman, W S Jackman, A M Albisser
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Studies aimed at quantifying the benefits of infused rather than injected insulin have been impeded by the unavailability of suitable methods for continuous vascular access. We have developed indwelling catheters suitable for the long-term blood sampling as well as insulin infusion. A typical catheter consists of a silicone rubber tube, which terminates with a blunt-point needle. Internal or external reinforcement as well as a removable strain relief fitting protect the area of insertion of the needle. Anchoring of the implanted extravascular portion of the catheter is important and is achieved by special grommets that prevent motion without obstructing the lumen. Methods of catheter assembly as well as implantation in the jugular and portal veins of dogs and jugular veins of humans are described. A total of 34 blood sampling catheters were implanted in 26 beagle dogs: 74% were uncomplicated with a duration of implantation of 18–576 days while 15% and 11%, respectively, failed due to infection or physical damage after an average of 200 days. Thirteen portal infusion catheters were implanted: 62% were functional a mean of 100 days (14–166 days) after implantation while 35% became covered with an endothelial sleeve and had to be removed. Thirty-two peripheral infusion catheters were implanted in dogs: one infection occurred, two catheters were physically damaged, and three were plugged. There were no catheter-related complications in the five adolescent diabetic subjects with such jugular venous catheters studied for an average of 19.5 days and three adult diabetic subjects in whom catheters remained patent for 150–270 days. It is the inherent characteristics of the silicone rubber material as well as the new methods of catheter construction and implantation that virtually eliminate catheter-related problems and that now provide an ideal route of access for long-term intravascular insulin infusion in diabetes mellitus.
Dutch court acquits suicide counsellor of breaking the law
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Objective: Low sodium intake may trigger sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation and endothelial dysfunction. Studies have not explored these associations along the glucose continuum. Accordingly, we compared endothelial function and SNS activity in individuals with low sodium intake and differing categories of metabolic risk along the glucose continuum. We hypothesized that low sodium intake is associated with (1) impairment of endothelial function and (2) higher SNS activity in individuals with higher metabolic risk. Research Design and Methods: In this prospective observational study, participants (n=54) with low sodium intake (single 24 hours urine sodium excretion &lt;150 mmol/24 hours) were categorized based on oral glucose tolerance testing as: normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=10), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, n=15), treatment naive type 2 diabetes (T2D−) (n=12) or treated type 2 diabetes (T2D+) (n=17). We assessed endothelial function using pulse amplitude tonometry (PAT) derived reactive hyperemic index and PAT ratio; arterial stiffness via augmentation index; muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) using microneurography; cardiac baroreflex; heart rate; blood pressure; glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and lipid profile. Results: Mean (SD) sodium excretion was 110.6 (26) mmol/24 hours. Compared with NGT, IGT and T2D−, the T2D+ group had lower MSNA (p=0.005), PAT ratio (p=0.04) and baroreflex sensitivity (p=0.0002) and an augmented heart rate (p=0.02). The T2D+ group had appropriate mean (SD) glycemic (HbA1c 7.2 (1.72)%), total cholesterol (4.2 (1.0) mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein (2.2 (1.0) mmol/L) and blood pressure (systolic 136 (13), diastolic 78 (12)) (mm Hg) control. Conclusions: Individuals with T2D+ have impaired endothelial and baroreflex function, despite low sodium intake, appropriately managed cardiometabolic risk factors and lower SNS activity, compared with others along the glucose continuum. Whether low sodium intake is associated with modulation of the sympathovascular profile in T2D requires further investigation.
THE ANTIGENICITY OF RAT COLLAGEN
Authors: Robert F. Watson, Sidney Rothbard, Parker Vanamee
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1954)

A method is described for preparing purified collagen from the tail tendons of rats with minimal alteration from its native state. This purified collagen is soluble in dilute acetic acid and when injected intraperitoneally into rabbits induces complement-fixing antibodies in low titer. It has been demonstrated by the use of certain immunological tests, enzymatic analyses, and electron microscopy that these antibodies are probably directed specifically toward collagen rather than toward accompanying impurities such as tissue proteins or polysaccharides. Evidence is presented suggesting that collagen exhibits species specificity.
Restructuring Medicaid as Block Grants — Unconstitutional Coercion?
Authors: Sara Rosenbaum, Timothy Westmoreland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Interview with Prof. Sara Rosenbaum on a Republican proposal for repealing and replacing the Affordable Care Act, which would restructure Medicaid. (10:51)Download The proposed Patient CARE Act would restructure much of Medicaid as a block grant. But that might render it an unconstitutional coercion of the states, which would be compelled to conform to a new compact without the requisite advance notice of profound alterations.
Vagotomy in the Treatment of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: J. I. H. Hadfield, D. F. L. Watkin
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Endocardial Fibroelastosis-Foifar et al.MEDICALHJOURNAL after 6 months (5 % of cases) the average survival time was 15 months.Treatment had some effect in prolonging the course of the disease.On radiological examination 93% of cases showed cardiomegaly.On electrocardiographic examination 40% of cases showed right atrial enlargement, -42 % left atrial enlargement, 83 % right ventricular enlargement, and 54 % left ventricular enlargement.Certain electrocardiographic changes-namely, enlargement of the P waves, RS-T depression, and T-wave inversion-are of some value in diagnosis.
New “Danger” Theory of Immunology Challenges Old Assumptions
Authors: David Holzman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article New “Danger” Theory of Immunology Challenges Old Assumptions Get access David Holzman David Holzman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 19, 4 October 1995, Pages 1436–1438, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.19.1436 Published: 04 October 1995
Therapeutic Abortion by Intrauterine Instillation of Prostaglandins
Authors: M. P. Embrey, K. Hillier
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In a preliminary study of 15 patients the clinical effectiveness of prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGF2α) as abortifacients when administered by intrauterine instillation compared favourably with previous studies using the intravenous route. Abortion was successfully induced in 14 patients. The average total dose of prostaglandins required was about one-third of the amount needed intravenously, and side effects were minimal.
Pregnancy Termination and Risk of Breast Cancer-Reply
Authors: Polly A. Newcomb
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Henshaw provides additional population-based information on abortion services in the United States and concludes, as we do in the abstract of our article, that the association between induced abortion and breast cancer risk may be due to reporting bias and was not significantly different than the slight risk for spontaneous abortion. Henshaw's estimates of the underascertainiment of induced abortion underscores the degree to which studies such as ours are susceptible to bias and the need for prospective investigations. Dr Lehrer suggests that an inherited variant of the estrogen receptor gene may identify women at increased risk of breast cancer because of a history of spontaneous abortion.<sup>1</sup>The importance of these observations is unclear because the original relation between this polymorphism and spontaneous abortion has not been confirmed,<sup>2</sup>and Lehrer's subsequent findings<sup>3</sup>were based on small numbers of patients in selected subsets. While it remains a
Passive immunoprophylaxis with specific monoclonal antibody confers partial protection against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in animal models.
Authors: F Gigliotti, W T Hughes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Pneumocystis carinii is an important cause of pneumonitis in the immunosuppressed host. Little is known, however, about the biology of this organism. This report demonstrates that a MAb, M5E12, previously shown to be directed against a surface antigen that is present on rat-, rabbit-, ferret-, and human-derived P. carinii, is capable of hindering the development of P. carinii pneumonitis in animal models of this infection when administered throughout the period of immunosuppression. It appears that MAb M5E12 thus has identified a surface antigen of P. carinii that is important in host-parasite interactions.
Comparison of intravenous aminophylline and salbutamol in severe asthma.
Authors: S J Williams, R W Parrish, A Seaton
Journal: BMJ (1975)

calf vein.In two cases the thermograms were positive by our criteria but DVT was not shown on the phlebograms.In one of the cases there was extensive superficial thrombophlebitis in the thermographically positive leg.In the other case we were unable to explain the discrepancy.
Prehospital thrombolytic/abciximab therapy in comparison to facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention after combined prehospital thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Holger Thiele, Lothar Engelmann, Kathleen Elsner, Wulf-Hinrich Storch, Kazem Rahimi, Michael Hartmann, Dietrich Pfeiffer, Enno Boudriot, Mathias Kappl, Gerhard Schuler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Exploring the Origin of Neuroethics: From the Viewpoints of Expression and Concepts
Authors: Tamami Fukushi, Osamu Sakura
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

"Exploring the Origin of Neuroethics: From the Viewpoints of Expression and Concepts." The American Journal of Bioethics, 8(1), pp. 56–57 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors thank Dr. Robin Pierce (UBC, National Core for Neuroethics) for helpful comments on this commentary. The authors also thank Neuroethics Advisory Board Committee of RISTEX, JST (Juko Ando, Yuri Aono, Naotaka Fujii, Hiroko Goto, Manabu Honda, Kohji Ishihara, Chiaki Kagawa, Shinobu Masaki, Masato Taira, Mariko Tamai, Akiko Tamakoshi, and Dai Yanagihara) and Japan Children's Study group (Director, Zentaro Yamagata and Supervisor Hideaki Koizumi) for their vigorous support of our mission.
Book Review Match Day: One Day and One Dramatic Year in the Lives of Three New Doctors By Brian Eule. 261 pp. New York, St. Martin's Press, 2009. $24.95 (cloth and e-book). 978-0-312-37784-7 (cloth); 978-1-4299-6258-2 (e-book).
Authors: S. Ryan Greysen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)
Violence, sex, and the good mother
Authors: Stephen Beckerman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Campbell's evolutionary explanation of women's typically lower rates of interpersonal aggression is plausible, but some supporting evidence requires scrutiny. Women may not commit less interpersonal violence than men against small children. Women are more vulnerable than men in same-sex encounters. The link between dominance and reproductive success for males is less secure than was once thought.
Budget cuts to alcohol prices will fail patients, say critics
Authors: J. Gornall
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Health experts have criticised the UK chancellor of the exchequer for reducing the cost of alcohol just 10 months after the government reneged on a pledge to save lives by introducing a minimum price per unit of alcohol.

In the Budget on 19 March George Osborne not only scrapped the alcohol tax escalator, designed to increase duty by 2% above inflation each year, but also froze duties on spirits and cider and reduced the tax on beer by 1p a pint for the second year running.

One effect, celebrated by the Scotch Whisky Association as good news for “hard-pressed consumers,” is that a planned price increase of 40p (€0.5; $0.7) on a bottle of whisky has been abandoned.

The Budget was “another chapter in the saga of a government dancing to the tune of big industry, putting electioneering before patients,” said …
Control of immunoglobulin secretion in the murine plasmacytoma line MOPC 315.
Authors: G E Sonenshein, M Siekevitz, G R Siebert, M L Gefter
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Cells of the 315LV-1 (derived from NP1) variant line of MOPC 315 contain approximately 1% the normal intracellular level of the heavy (alpha) chain of IgA and no detectable light (lambda2) chain. The synthesis rate of alpha-chain in the variant, however, is similar to that in cells of the parent line. Moreover the relative amount of translatable alpha-chain mRNA that can be extracted from 315LV-1 cells is about the same as for parental cells. No light-chain synthesis can be detected either in vivo or in vitro in a wheat germ cell-free system. The 315LV-1 heavy chain synthesized in vivo or in vitro has slightly greater electrophoretic mobility than normal H chain and turns over rapidly intracellularly. The variant fails to secrete any of its heavy chain, despite the fact that its H chain mRNA is bound to membranes, as one would expect for a secretory protein message. Fusion of 315LV-1 cells with cells of a kappa-producing MPC 11 variant line leads to stabilization of the intracellular H chain and also to full recovery of secretion of the H chain as an H2L2 molecule.
Outcome of Renal Transplantation for End-Stage Reflux Nephropathy
Authors: Vicente E. Torres, Jorge A. Velosa
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent editorial (1981;245:2430), Samuel Vaisrub, MD, compared two retrospective studies<sup>1,2</sup>describing the progression of reflux nephropathy. Dr Vaisrub's comment on the discrepancy of these studies regarding the outcome of renal transplantation is inaccurate. Our article did not contain any information on the results of renal transplantation in our patients. The reason for Dr Vaisrub's comments on this subject is unclear to us. We think that these comments may be misleading. Indeed, the unpublished experience of our renal transplantation team is in good agreement with that reported by Bhathena et al.<sup>2</sup>Forty-eight patients with end-stage reflux nephropathy have received 55 renal allografts at the Mayo Clinic from 1968 to 1980. Ureteroneocystostomies of the transplanted ureters were done, using an antireflux technique. At present, 33 renal allografts are functioning satisfactorily. Two patients have died of unrelated causes with normal allograft function. Fifteen allografts were lost
Effect of the calcium antagonist verapamil on necrosis following temporary coronary artery occlusion in dogs.
Authors: K A Reimer, J E Lowe, R B Jennings
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Calcium metabolism may play an important role in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemic injury. The effect of the sarcolemmal calcium flux inhibitor, verapamil, on myocardial necrosis was studied in dogs subjected to temporary coronary artery occlusion. One group of dogs was untreated. A second group was given 0.8 mg/kg verapamil intravenously over a 30 min period beginning 10 min prior to coronary occlusion. In a third group, the dose of verapamil was increased until complicated by hypotension or conduction abnormalities. Cardiac necrosis was produced in all dogs by 40 min of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion followed by 2--4 days of reperfusion. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed and necrosis was quantitated histologically in transmural slices through the posterior papillary muscle. Pre-treatment with the lower dose of verapamil resulted in significantly less necrosis (14% treated vs 35% untreated) with minimal hemodynamic consequences. Higher does of verapamil were even more effective in limiting cardiac necrosis despite the development of hypotension and varying degrees of heart block.
AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES ON THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: G. J. V. Nossal, O. Mäkelä
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The origin and growth kinetics of plasma cells have been investigated using autoradiographic labeling techniques. Rats immunized once with Salmonella flagella were given a single pulse of H(3)-thymidine 4 or 40 weeks later. 2 hours after the tracer injection, they received a secondary antigenic stimulus. When animals were sacrificed immediately only certain cells from the resting primarily immunized lymph nodes, notably large and medium lymphocytes, were labeled. Subsequent to secondary stimulation, animals were killed at intervals; nearly all the plasma cells formed within the next 5 to 6 days were labeled. They must thus have been the progeny of cells already capable of synthesizing DNA in resting nodes, most probably of large lymphocytes. Plasmacytopoiesis began with little or no lag following secondary immunization, and the number of labeled plasma cells rose exponentially between the 2nd and 4th day, with a doubling time of about 12 hours. Studies of mean grain counts of primitive cells also suggested that the generation time of plasmablasts was 12 hours or less. The hypothesis was proposed that immunological memory depended on the persistence, following primary stimulation, of a continuously dividing stem line of primitive lymphocytes, reactive at all times to further antigenic stimulation.
Absence of fever in non-immune patients developing falciparum malaria.
Authors: J J Wirima, A D Harries
Journal: BMJ (1987)

3 observations: sujets sejournant en Afrique Centrale et ne recevant pas de prophylaxie anti-paludeenne, atteints d'infection par Plasmodium falciparum sans fievre. Complications dans 2 cas: insuffisance renale, pneumopathie
Urinary Excretion of Elastin Peptides Containing Desmosine after Intratracheal Injection of Elastase in Hamsters
Authors: Robert A. Goldstein, Barry C. Starcher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The intratracheal injection of pancreatic elastase results in an acute loss of elastin from the lungs of hamsters and the development of emphysema. We used measurements of the unique covalent cross linking amino acids of elastin, desmosine and isodesmosine, to quantitate elastin. Direct measurements on the lungs estimated an average loss of elastin of 57% after elastase injection. Elastin breakdown products were also quantitated in the urine and feces after injection. An average of 8.8 nmol of desmosines was recovered from the urine of each hamster. This amount represented the desmosines from 61% of the elastin lost from the lungs. Desmosine and isodesmosine existed in the urine in peptide fractions that ranged from 9 to 27,000 daltons with an average of 13,000. Only trace quantities of desmosines could be detected in feces. Desmosines injected intraperitoneally were completely recovered in the urine, and radioactive tracer studies failed to reveal in vivo catabolism of injected desmosines. These results suggest that measurement of urinary desmosines holds promise for the study of elastin turnover.
Abstract P5-10-10: The miR-34a is down-regulated in breast cancer and breast stem cells and a potential to eradicating breast cancer via a systemic delivery of a VISA –miR-34a nanoparticle system
Authors: X Xie, L Li, X Xie, W Wei, Y Kong, M Wu, L Yang, J Gao, X Xiao, J Tang, Z Xie, X Wang, P Liu, X Li, J Guo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common disease in women around the world and the current treatment strategies are not potent enough for the patients, especially those who are the triple-negative type of molecular classifications. Therefore, novel and more effective treatments are pressingly needed. Of the current methods, target therapy, which not only retains cancer-specific expression but also limits toxicity, is a new strategy for treatment of cancers. In this study, it was to investigate miR-34a expression in breast caner specimen and its relationship with patient's clinical status, and develop targeted miR-34a delivery system as a potential method for breast cancer therapy. miR-34a expression was investigated by qRT-PCR and related to clinicopathologic significance and found to be down-regulated in breast cancer as compared with normal adjacent tissues and involved in breast cancer stem cell through down-regulation of CD44, ZEB1, and Bmi1. We designed targeted miR-34a expression using T-VISA system (hTERT promoter driven VP16-Gal4-WPRE Integrated Systemic Amplifier) liposomed-based nanoparticles and evaluated the antitumor effect in breast cancer cells in vitro and in orthotopic animal model as well as its systemic toxicity. The T-VISA-miR-34a system robust targeted to breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells and prolonged duration expression of miR-34a. Furthermore, a systemic delivery of a VISA –miR-34a nanoparticle system targeted efficiently expression of miR-34a to tumors and could significantly inhibit tumor growth and prolong mouse survival in multiple living imaging xenograft and syngeneic models of orthotopic breast cancer and without toxicity in intact mice. Our study demonstrated that miR-34a expression was down-regulated in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells through down-regulation of CD44, ZEB1, and Bmi1. The T-VISA-miR-34a nanoparticle system showed robust antitumor effects in breast cancer and could be a potential therapeutic approach to eradicating breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-10-10.
Magic Wand for Aortic Insufficiency?
Authors: JOHN W. ELY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 August 1972Magic Wand for Aortic Insufficiency?JOHN W. ELYJOHN W. ELYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-2-328_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his paper "Aortic Insufficiency in Bacterial Endocarditis" (Ann Intern Med76:23-28, 1972) Dr. Griffin provides no evidence to support his conclusion that "patients who develop heart failure that is not easily controlled are candidates for immediate aortic valve replacement. . . ." In his retrospective study Dr. Griffin reports that 88% (7/8) of such patients who receive only medical management die of their disease, whereas the mortality rate for the same type of patient (those with severe heart failure) who receive surgical corrective therapy is only 20% (1/5). He admits that "surgery is usually delayed for... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN W. ELYAffiliations: Fourth year medical student State University Hospital of the Upstate Medical Center Syracuse, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1972Volume 77, Issue 2Page: 328-329KeywordsAortic valve replacementDeath ratesEndocarditisHeart diseasesHeart failureRetrospective studiesSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...