tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2590: Curcumin inhibits prostate cancer metastasis in vivo by targeting the inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and -2.
Authors: Peter H. Killian, Emanuel Kronski, Simonetta Astigiano, Ottavia Barbieri, Christian P. Sommerhoff, Andreas G. Nerlich, Ulrich Pfeffer, Beatrice E. Bachmeier
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract In America and Western Europe prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in men. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic inflammation is a major risk factor for the development and metastatic progression of prostate cancer. We previously reported that the chemopreventive polyphenol Curcumin inhibits the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and -2 leading to diminished formation of breast cancer metastases. Here we analyse the effects of Curcumin on prostate carcinoma growth, apoptosis and metastasis. We show that Curcumin inhibits translocation of NFκB to the nucleus through the inhibition of the IκB-kinase, IKKβ, leading to stabilization of the inhibitor of NFκB, IκBα, in PC3 prostate carcinoma cells. Inhibition of NFκB activity reduces expression of CXCL1 and -2 and abolishes the autocrine/paracrine loop that links the two chemokines to NFκB. The combination of Curcumin with the synthetic IKKβ inhibitor, SC-541, shows no additive or synergistic effects indicating that the two compounds share the target. Treatment of the cells with Curcumin as wells as siRNA based knock-down of CXCL1 and -2 induce apoptosis, inhibit proliferation, and down-regulate several important metastasis-promoting factors like COX2, SPARC, and EFEMP. In an orthotopic mouse model of haematogenous metastasis, treatment with Curcumin inhibits statistically significantly formation of lung metastases. In conclusion, chronic inflammation can induce a metastasis prone phenotype in prostate cancer cells by maintaining a positive pro-inflammatory and pro-metastatic feed-back loop between NFκB and CXCL1/-2. Curcumin disrupts this feed-back loop by the inhibition of NFκB signalling leading to reduced metastasis formation in vivo. Citation Format: Peter H. Killian, Emanuel Kronski, Simonetta Astigiano, Ottavia Barbieri, Christian P. Sommerhoff, Andreas G. Nerlich, Ulrich Pfeffer, Beatrice E. Bachmeier. Curcumin inhibits prostate cancer metastasis in vivo by targeting the inflammatory cytokines CXCL1 and -2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2590. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2590
Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Foot and Ankle
Authors: Joseph A. Bosco
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
α-Blocker Therapy of Hypertension
Authors: Alexander F. Khoury
Journal: JAMA (1991)

For various reasons, the alpha 1-receptor blocker prazosin has been used infrequently as initial therapy for hypertension. The introduction of additional agents of this class with properties different from prazosin provides slower onset of action, which should reduce the degree of first-dose and postural hypotension and a longer duration of action, which allows for once-a-day dosage. A summary of the published data on efficacy, side effects, and special properties of this class of agents indicates that they will probably be used more extensively, particularly because of their ability to improve lipid and glucose-insulin metabolism.
Is their a Role for Capsule Endoscopy in Patients with Coeliac Disease and Persisting Symptoms?
Authors: K. E. Evans, K. Drew, M. E. McAlindon, R. Sidhu, D. S. Sanders
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Up to one third of patients with coeliac disease fail to have a symptomatic response to gluten-free diet (GFD), or relapse after initial response. Causes include inadvertent gluten exposure and complications of coeliac disease such as lymphoma. There are limited published data assessing the role of capsule endoscopy (CE) in patients with coeliac disease and persisting symptoms. For this reason we evaluated our experience of CE in this group of coeliac patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Data from all patients with established, biopsy-proven coeliac disease and persisting symptoms despite 12 months GFD, who underwent CE between 2004 and 2010 in a tertiary gastroenterology department were analysed. Concurrently we performed serology (endomysial antibody (EMA) and tissue transglutaminase (tTG)), and a duodenal biopsy (Marsh grading, and where appropriate T cell clonality). At CE changes of coeliac disease such as scalloping, mosaic pattern and loss of folds were assessed including extent of disease (proximal or diffuse). Concordance between serology, histology and CE was assessed using Spearman9s coefficient. <h3>Results</h3> 58 patients (42 female, median age 56 years, range 22–78 years) were identified. 8/58 (13.8%) had significantly abnormal CE findings with either mass lesions, extensive disease or ulceration. In these 8 cases: 2 had enteropathy associated lymphoma (EATL), 4 Type 1 refractory disease, 1 fibroepithelial polyp, 1 complication of ulcerative jejunitis. Of the 4 (4/58, 6.9%) refractory Type 1 cases 2 were started on immunosuppressants, 1 died of unrelated causes and another was a tertiary referral case, in whom we do not currently have outcome data. There was no correlation between the likelihood of having complicated coeliac disease and the serological titres (either a positive EMA or significantly raised tTG). However, there was a positive correlation between more extensive changes at CE (diffuse) and the level of tTG (r=0.344, p&lt;0.004). A similar observation was made for the relationship between diffuse involvement at CE and EMA positivity (r=0.377, p&lt;0.002). There was a strong correlation between the extent of disease observed at CE and histology (r= 0.618, p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is a role for CE in coeliac disease patients with persisting symptoms. A significant proportion are found to have complicated or refractory coeliac disease. Extensive changes of coeliac disease seen on CE should prompt clinicians to investigate for refractory disease, request PCR on duodenal biopsy (for monoclonality) and consider immunosuppressive therapy. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None.
Performance of methods for the measurement of natural rubber latex (NRL) proteins, antigens and allergens*1
Authors: V.J. Tomazic-Jezic, D.H. Beezhold, H. Hashim, T. Palosuo, M. Raulf-Heimsoth, M. Swanson, R.G. Hamilton
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Community Nurses' View of General Practice Attachment
Authors: J. H. Walker, L. M. McClure
Journal: BMJ (1969)

An analysis of 98 health visitors and district nurses attached and non-attached to general practitioners in three local authority areas showed that most of them were aged over 40 and that many had entered domiciliary work because of the convenient hours or because of its intangible attractions. Adequate preparation for attachment was considered important, particularly a clear definition of the roles of the attached staff and their relationships to other workers in the practice.Attached staff were found to be much more satisfied with the information given by the general practitioner about their patients than were unattached staff, and the former usually had access to the patients' medical records. The principal advantages of attachment were listed as access to family history; improved co-ordination within the practice and co-operation with the social services; favourable patient response; and increased mileage and work-load; the impossibility of crossing local authority boundaries; and having to deal with families registered with more than one doctor.
Incidence and Predictors of Suicide Attempts in DSM–IV Major Depressive Disorder: A Five-Year Prospective Study
Authors: K. Mikael Holma, Tarja K. Melartin, Jari Haukka, Irina A.K. Holma, T. Petteri Sokero, Erkki T. Isometsä
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2010)

Prospective long-term studies of risk factors for suicide attempts among patients with major depressive disorder have not investigated the course of illness and state at the time of the act. Therefore, the importance of state factors, particularly time spent in risk states, for overall risk remains unknown.In the Vantaa Depression Study, a longitudinal 5-year evaluation of psychiatric patients with major depressive disorder, prospective information on 249 patients (92.6%) was available. Time spent in depressive states and the timing of suicide attempts were investigated with life charts.During the follow-up assessment period, there were 106 suicide attempts per 1,018 patient-years. The incidence rate per 1,000 patient-years during major depressive episodes was 21-fold (N=332 [95% confidence interval [CI]=258.6-419.2]), and it was fourfold during partial remission (N=62 [95% CI=34.6-92.4]) compared with full remission (N=16 [95% CI=11.2-40.2]). In the Cox proportional hazards model, suicide attempts were predicted by the months spent in a major depressive episode (hazard ratio=7.74 [95% CI=3.40-17.6]) or in partial remission (hazard ratio=4.20 [95% CI=1.71-10.3]), history of suicide attempts (hazard ratio=4.39 [95% CI=1.78-10.8]), age (hazard ratio=0.94 [95% CI=0.91-0.98]), lack of a partner (hazard ratio=2.33 [95% CI=0.97-5.56]), and low perceived social support (hazard ratio=3.57 [95% CI=1.09-11.1]). The adjusted population attributable fraction of the time spent depressed for suicide attempts was 78%.Among patients with major depressive disorder, incidence of suicide attempts varies markedly depending on the level of depression, being highest during major depressive episodes. Although previous attempts and poor social support also indicate risk, the time spent depressed is likely the major factor determining overall long-term risk.
Craniocerebral Injuries From Dog Bites
Authors: James E. Wilberger
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Dog bites are a common cause of injury in infants and children, with the face and head frequently involved. While scalp injuries may be extensive and severe, only five cases of compound depressed skull fractures caused by dog bites have been reported, to our knowledge. Four cases are presented to point out the potential risks of cranial penetration and underlying brain injury when infants and children suffer dog bites to the head. The principles for management of these injuries are outlined.
Clinical Laboratory Responses to Reduced Funding
Authors: James W. Winkelman
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Economic forces have been set in motion by recent legislation that are very likely to reduce available funds for clinical laboratories in hospitals. The effect of these impending developments on patient care is of great concern to clinicians and laboratorians. There is a range of available coping strategies that have broadly different consequences for the traditional role of the laboratory in patient care. The first seeks to preserve existing test ordering and reporting behavior by employment of straight cost cutting in the laboratory. The second calls for consciously determined selective degradation in laboratory services and functions. The third depends on decreased utilization of the laboratory achieved by indirect or direct intervention by laboratorians on the free ordering practices of clinicians. The fourth involves reorganization of the laboratory with new institutional relationships that variably affect laboratory function. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:2435-2440)
Progress report. Radioimmunoassay of intestinal hormones.
Authors: S R Bloom
Journal: Gut (1974)

Progress report Radioimmunoassay of intestinal hormonesAlimentary diseases are common yet often their aetiology is unknown.This ignorance reflects a basic lack of understanding of normal gut function.One area hitherto little studied is intestinal endocrinology although the bowel is known to be an important endocrine organ.Histologists have agreed that there are at least 11 well defined endocrine cell types in the mucosa1, presum- ably all producing different hormones.Why is progress in this field so slow?The answer lies in the great technical difficulty in extracting labile peptide hormones from cells scattered sparsely in the gut mucosa and surrounded by highly destructive proteolytic enzymes.The problems of low concentration and rapid degradation are so formidable that nearly 60 years of continuous work were required to purify the first hormone, secretin2, and even then many thousands of hogs had to be sacrificed to yield a few milligrams of hormone.The more classical endocrine tissues of the body are gathered together as glands and extracts can easily be made to test hormone actions.In the case of gut hormones their actions have to be elucidated first.Only then is it possible to purify a single peptide from the mass of material extractable from the gut, using its assayable biological property as the reference.If a hormone lacks a well defined biological action it cannot be purified.Thus histologists can still point to several endocrine cells in the gut unassociated as yet with any known hormone.Great progress has been made in the last decade.As well as the success in isolating secretin2, gastrin3, and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ)4, three new substances,-motilin5, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)f, and vaso- active intestinal peptide (VIP)7-have been purified.Once a hormone has been isolated rapid advances can be made in its study.One is no longer dependent on bioassays for information.The bioassay is confusing because it measures only effects which may be produced by more than one hormone.It is laborious to perform and often too insensitive to measure plasma levels.A purified hormone allows measurement by radioimmunoassay.This technique is specific for the particular hormone and is so easy to perform that hundreds of specimens can be analysed in a day. Radioimmunoassay TechniqueWhen the plasma concentration of any hormone is measured by radio- immunoassay in several different laboratories the answers usually differ widely.This reflects the fact that many technical problems still occur with this type of assay.The requirements to set up an assay are basically simple.A quantity of semipure hormone is coupled to a carrier protein mixed with Freund's adjuvant and injected into rabbits.After about three months a few animals will produce the required antibodies.Iodine 125 is attached to a tyrosine 502 on July 16,
Iron overload in porphyria cutanea tarda
Authors: A. Bygum, F. Brandrup
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Sir, We have read with interest the correspondence by Au et al.1 regarding porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) as a paraneoplastic skin condition secondary to haematological malignancy. According to the case history a total of ‘6 units of packed cell transfusion’ had been given within 2 years because of refractory anaemia. In the same period clinical signs of PCT gradually appeared. We consider that the skin manifestations in this case might have been a result of iron overload in a patient predisposed to PCT, rather than secondary to the haematological malignancy per se. Abnormalities in iron metabolism are commonly observed in patients with PCT, and most patients with PCT have some degree of iron overload.2 In liver biopsies uroporphyrin crystals are often found close to ferritin‐like iron deposits2 and iron may reduce the activity of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, which causes an accumulation of uroporphyrins and PCT in predisposed individuals. In recent years considerable interest has focused on the relationship of PCT to hereditary haemochromatosis and mutations in the haemochromatosis (HFE) gene.3 Thus, mutations in the URO‐D gene (familial PCT) as well as the HFE gene may explain the predisposition to develop PCT in some cases. Other factors of importance for the predisposition to develop hepatic URO‐D deficiency in conditions of iron overload have to be elucidated.
Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis: A Paradigm of Metabolically Innocent Obesity?
Authors: Igor A. Harsch, Simin Pour Schahin, Roderich Wiedmann
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The study of Haap et al. (1) on two patients with multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL), also known as the Launois-Bensaude Syndrome, adds interesting new insights into a condition still poorly understood.

As for the conclusions drawn concerning insulin sensitivity in patient 1, we would like to suggest some caution. Our study group has also measured the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in three subjects with MSL with the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic …
Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Michelle P. Winn, Peter J. Conlon, Kelvin L. Lynn, David N. Howell, Deborah A. Gross, Allison R. Rogala, Anne H. Smith, Felicia L. Graham, Marylou Bembe, L. Daryl Quarles, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Jeffery M. Vance
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Histone deacetylases are critical targets of bortezomib-induced cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma
Authors: Jiro Kikuchi, Taeko Wada, Rumi Shimizu, Tohru Izumi, Miyuki Akutsu, Kanae Mitsunaga, Kaoru Noborio-Hatano, Masaharu Nobuyoshi, Keiya Ozawa, Yasuhiko Kano, Yusuke Furukawa
Journal: Blood (2010)
Ethical debate: The distinction between withdrawing life sustaining treatment under the influence of paralysing agents and euthanasia Are we treading a fine line? Paralysing agents may be given up to but not at or beyond the point of extubation The parents' perspective on withdrawing treatment The doctrine of double effect is difficult but not impossible to apply
Authors: K Street
Journal: BMJ (2001)

# The distinction between withdrawing life sustaining treatment under the influence of paralysing agents and euthanasia {#article-title-2} Although it is lawful to withdraw life sustaining treatment in a child provided it is within that child's best interests, the timing of discontinuation of paralysing agents with the withdrawal of ventilatory support raises ethical issues. Here several commentators consider the ethical, legal, clinical, and personal implications of a fictitious case study. # Are we treading a fine line? {#article-title-3} > [The purpose of medicine is] to do away with the sufferings of the sick, to lessen the violence of disease and to refuse to treat those who are overmastered by their disease > Hippocrates1 The ability to treat disease and sustain life by artificial means is continually advancing. At the same time there is a need to acknowledge when limits have been reached in a patient and continued treatment is no longer in his or her best interests. In September 1997 the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health concluded a two year period of consultation with professional and patients' interest groups with the publication of the document Withholding or Withdrawing Life Saving Treatment in Children: a Framework for Practice .2 One of the many issues discussed in this document are the pharmacological agents often used in life sustaining situations and the distinction from euthanasia. The document states that while "it is unlawful to give a medicine with the primary intent of hastening death … giving a medicine to relieve suffering which may, as a side effect, hasten death is lawful and can be appropriate." Paralysing agents are often used in ventilated patients. Withdrawal of ventilatory support while the paralysing agents are effective inevitably leads to death. Although the royal college does not support euthanasia, the guidelines state that "when the decision is made to withdraw treatment, it is not necessary to withdraw the paralysing agent before respiratory support is withdrawn." But are we treading a fine … Correspondence to: D Inwald
Witness-to-Consent Form-Reply
Authors: Richard P. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The purpose of having a witness sign a consent form, or any other document, is to assist in proving the authenticity and validity of the document if it should be questioned in a subsequent legal proceeding. For this purpose, the ideal witness is someone who has no bias in favor of, or interest in common with, any of the parties to the document and who is likely to be available at the time of the subsequent legal contest. For a consent to medical or surgical treatment by a particular physician, that physician is obviously not an ideal witness. Almost anyone else would be a better witness. This is not to say that the physician should not be the one to present a consent form to the patient and explain it to him. Also, there is no objection to the physician signing the form, but if a witness is
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN SKIN FROM SUNBURN AND SUNTAN
Authors: Allan L. Lorincz
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The total solar radiant energy which reaches the earth's surface at normal incidence amounts to about 80 million ergs per square centimeter per minute under optimal conditions. Only about 0.2% of this energy lies within the invisible ultraviolet range of wavelengths which can elicit redness or sunburn in human skin. An exposure to about 3 million ergs per square centimeter of these sunburn-producing wavelengths is required to produce a mild erythema in untanned normal white skin. Therefore, an exposure time of about 20 minutes to direct summer midday sunshine can result in sunburned redness in such skin. Tenfold extension of this exposure time results in a painful blistering sunburn. <h3>Factors Influencing Production of Sunburn and Suntan</h3> The action spectrum for sunburn production by ultraviolet radiation is shown in the figure. The shaded area on this figure represents the short-wavelength end of the spectral distribution of solar energy at the earth's
The Clinical Value of Andrewes's Diazo Test in Renal Inefficiency
Authors: G. A. Harrison, L. F. Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (1927)

IN-1924 C. H. Andrew-es' described an unexplained diazo colourl reaction which he founid only in uraemic serum-s.He w*as working oni van den Bergh's test, and lnoted this leculiar colour reaction incidentally.His procedure was as follows:To one volume of serum two volumes of alcohol were added.The mixture was centrifuged and the alcoholic supernatant layer removed.To four volumes of this alcoholic extract were added two volumes of alcohol and one volume of freshly prepared diazo reagent, as in van den Bergh's test.In uraemia the mixture
In Vitro Basophil Assays To Assess The Biological Significance Of Ige Binding To Cross Reactive Carbohydrate Determinants (CCD) To Diverse Legumes In Peanut Allergic Subjects
Authors: S.N. Pramod, A.O. Ofori-Anti, R.J. Harbeck, V. Nagabhushanam, L. Vogel, F. Kaye, S. Vieths, R.E. Goodman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)