tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trichomoniasis in Males
Authors: B. H. Kean
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The paper by H. Close Hesseltine and Yves Lefebvre, "Treating Vaginal Trichomoniasis with Metronidazole" (<i>JAMA</i><b>184</b>:1011-1013 [June 29] 1963), provides valuable additions to our knowledge of the systemic treatment of trichomoniasis. However, it contains the following statements: "Only one husband, whose wife was one of our 21 'failure' patients, had a contributing infection.<i>On this basis, husbands must be presumed to be noninfected until this is disproved</i>. [Italics are mine.] Their treatment, therefore, should be based on need as determined by proper examination and diagnosis, as befitting all other patients." Nowhere in the paper is information provided as to how many husbands were examined and by what means. Two concepts are intermingled: (1) Husbands should not be treated unless they are shown to be infected. With this, I agree. The treatment of families instead of individuals should be an anathema. (2) Infection of husbands is rare.
1‐deamino‐8‐<scp>D</scp>‐arginine vasopressin (DCAVP) increases platelet membrane expression of glycoprotein Ib in patients with disorders of platelet function and after cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Elaine M. Sloand, David Alyono, Harvey G. Klein, Ping Chang, Monica Yu, Fred G. Lightfoot, Craig Kessler
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract 1‐deamino‐8‐ D ‐Arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) shortens the bleeding time in some patients with platelet dysfunction and decreases blood loss in some cardiopulmonary bypass patients. We studied platelet membrane glycoproteins in patients with von Willebrand disease (vWD), disorders of platelet function, and in cardiopulmonary bypass patients after infusion of 0.3 μg/kg of DDAVP. Platelets from 8 cardiopulmonary bypass patients, receiving DDAVP immediately after surgery, were compared to those of 14 patients not receiving DDAVP. We also studied 12 patients with vWD, and 8 patients with platelet dysfunction receiving DDAVP. Fixed platelets, stained with monoclonal fluorescein (FITC)‐labeled antibodies directed against GPIb (CD42b antigen), GPIb/IX, GPIIb/IIIa (CD41a antigen), CD63 antigen (a platelet activation protein), and P‐selectin (CD62 antigen) were studied by flow cytometry. Binding of CD42b monoclonal antibody (MoAb) and anti‐GPIb/IX to platelets from both groups of bypass patients increased during the 18–20 hr after surgery, but the group receiving DDAVP showed the greater increase (P = 0.032). Platelets from patients receiving DDAVP for vWD or for platelet dysfunction, had increases in CD42b MoAb and anti‐GPIb/IX binding (P &lt; 0.01) that coincided with shortening of their bleeding time. No changes were seen in binding of other antibodies. When platelets from normal donors were incubated with DDAVP for 20 hr, there were increases in platelet surface CD42b MoAb binding, while immunogold‐stained transmission electron micrographs of permeabilized platelets demonstrated decreases in cytoplasmic CD42b MoAb binding. DDAVP increases platelet membrane GPIb expression in a variety of patients and may account for improvement in hemostasis seen in some studies. Redistribution of GPIb from the cytoplasm to the membrane may account for this increased expression. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
OPTIMIZED GATED BLOOD POOL SPECT ACQUISITION PROTOCOLS
Authors: M. W. Groch, W. D. Erwin, E. L. Lands, R. C. Marshall, E. M. Leidholdt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Groch, M. W.; Erwin, W. D.; Lands, E. L.; Marshall, R. C.; Leidholdt, E. M. Author Information
A CLINICAL STUDY OF CHRONIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: EMIL G. VRTIAK
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Billings,<sup>1</sup>Pemberton,<sup>2</sup>and Cecil and Archer<sup>3</sup>among others in this country have published considerable data garnered in the examination of patients with chronic arthritis, but for the most part studies of this disease have concentrated on only one or two phases of the problem; e. g., basal metabolism, sugar tolerance and relation to focal infection. It has therefore seemed worth while to examine from as many angles as possible the clinical records of the patients with chronic arthritis who have come to us at the Central Free Dispensary in Chicago between June, 1928, and July, 1929. Before discussing the results of these studies it seems necessary to give a brief summary of the classification which we have employed in the present series. Evaluation of this and other classifications cannot be attempted at this time; it has recently been ably done by Glover<sup>4</sup>and Crowe.<sup>5</sup>On
Subcutaneous Ligature of Varicose Veins
Authors: B. W. Goldstone
Journal: BMJ (1943)

The association of such cases of jaundice with transfusion may easily be overlooked in view of the long symptomless period which intervenes.We wish to thank various members of the staff of St. Bartholomew's Hospital for permission to publish the cases under their care, and gratefully acknowledge the helpful criticism of Dr.
Queries and Minor Notes
Authors: J. M. Lowery
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply from Authors re: Urs E. Studer, Laurence Collette. Robot-Assisted Cystectomy: Does It Meet Expectations? Eur Urol 2010;58:203–4
Authors: Matthew H. Hayn, Abid Hussain, Ahmed M. Mansour, Paul E. Andrews, Paul Carpentier, Erik Castle, Prokar Dasgupta, Peter Rimington, Raju Thomas, Shamim Khan, Adam Kibel, Hyung Kim, Murugesan Manoharan, Mani Menon, Alex Mottrie, David Ornstein, James Peabody, Raj Pruthi, Joan Palou Redorta, Lee Richstone, Francis Schanne, Hans Stricker, Peter Wiklund, Rameela Chandrasekhar, Greg E. Wilding, Khurshid A. Guru
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Statistical evaluation of mutagenicity test data: recommendations of the U.K. Environmental Mutagen Society.
Authors: D J Kirkland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Most of the many published guidelines on how to conduct mutagenicity tests do not give advice or references on statistical analysis of data. The U.K. Environmental Mutagen Society decided to address this omission, and in 1985 established 8 working groups comprising genetic toxicologists from all sectors of the science, plus at least 2 statisticians per group, to produce statistics guidelines on 10 different test systems. Each group gave advice on how to determine the suitability of data for distribution fitting, when data are unsuitable, when and how data should be transformed, which statistical tests are suitable for a given set of data, which factors govern the choice of statistical test, an order of preference, and some worked examples using real data. In addition, groups gave advice on statistical issues in the design of experiments. Strong recommendations were made that for in vitro tests, sufficient cells be treated and sampled to provide meaningful values of spontaneous mutant/aberration frequencies, for genuine, independent replicate treatments to be used, and that the acceptability of an experiment should be based on homogeneity between replicates as well as comparison of negative and positive control responses with historical ranges. It was recommended that most in vitro studies should include independent repeat experiments, and advice was given on how to check for consistency between experiments and then combine data for further significance testing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reduced tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor in obesity-diabetes. Central role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Authors: G S Hotamisligil, A Budavari, D Murray, B M Spiegelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Insulin resistance is an important metabolic abnormality often associated with infections, cancer, obesity, and especially non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). We have previously demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha produced by adipose tissue is a key mediator of insulin resistance in animal models of obesity-diabetes. However, the mechanism by which TNF-alpha interferes with insulin action is not known. Since a defective insulin receptor (IR) tyrosine kinase activity has been observed in obesity and NIDDM, we measured the IR tyrosine kinase activity in the Zucker (fa/fa) rat model of obesity and insulin resistance after neutralizing TNF-alpha with a soluble TNF receptor (TNFR)-lgG fusion protein. This neutralization resulted in a marked increase in insulin-stimulated autophosphorylation of the IR, as well as phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in muscle and fat tissues of the fa/fa rats, restoring them to near control (lean) levels. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylations of IR and IRS-1 in liver. The physiological significance of the improvements in IR signaling was indicated by a concurrent reduction in plasma glucose, insulin, and free fatty acid levels. These results demonstrate that TNF-alpha participates in obesity-related systemic insulin resistance by inhibiting the IR tyrosine kinase in the two tissues mainly responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake: muscle and fat.
Biological markers of male reproductive toxicology.
Authors: L L Ewing, D R Mattison
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Reproduction is a complex, stepwise series of processes that begins with gametogenesis, continues through gamete interaction, implantation, embryonic development, growth, parturition, and postnatal adaptation, and is completed with the development and sexual maturation of the newly formed organism. These reproductive processes do not take place in a chemically pristine environment, but rather in an environment increasingly contaminated with the products and by-products of the chemical age in which we live. Some environmental pollutants are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or toxic to the reproductive system, but most have not been adequately tested for reproductive toxicity. Just as reproduction is complex, biological mechanisms underlying toxicology are similarly complex and involve absorption, distribution, metabolism (toxification and/or detoxification), excretion, and repair. The synthesis of these sciences into the relatively nascent science of reproductive toxicology includes teratology, pharmacology, epidemiology, and occupational and environmental health. Female reproductive function (especially pregnancy outcome) has historically been the focus of attention, but there is increasing interest in the effects of chemical exposure on male reproductive function. Several reports have documented the physiology, biochemistry, and toxicology of male mammalian reproduction, and evaluated susceptibility of the male to the effects of exogenous chemicals.
Abstract 372: Disease-free survival and overall survival from colon cancer is improved with fluorescence-guided surgery in metastatic mouse models
Authors: Cristina A. Metildi Raimo, Sharmeela Kaushal, Cynthia S. Snyder, Robert M. Hoffman, Michael Bouvet
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The aim of this study was to improve disease-free survival and overall survival in orthotopic nude mouse models of human colon cancer with fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). Fluorescent orthotopic or carcinomatosis models were established in nude mice using human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 and HT-29 expressing either green fluorescent protein (GFP) or red fluorescent protein (RFP). The tumors were later resected by bright light surgery (BLS) or FGS. In orthotopic and carcinomatosis models, pre- and post-operative images were obtained with the OV-100 Small Animal Imaging System (Olympus Corp., Tokyo, Japan) to assess the extent of surgical resection. In the orthotopic model, whole body imaging of the mice was performed in the postoperative period to assess cancer recurrence and to follow subsequent tumor progression. The mice were sacrificed when they became premorbid and their abdomens were exposed for intravital and ex vivo imaging. Tumor burden was measured in mm2 using ImageJ v1.440. A greater extent of tumor resection in mice with carcinomatosis was achieved using FGS compared to BLS (99.9% vs. 76.9%, p = 0.006). Furthermore, all mice with localized disease had a complete surgical resection with FGS. In contrast, complete resection was achieved in only 56% of the mice undergoing BLS. (p=0.001) Fewer mice in the FGS group had evidence of tumor recurrence (33%) compared to mice in the BLS group (58%), lengthening disease-free survival from 9 weeks in the BLS group to 27 weeks in the FGS group. Overall survival of the mice also increased from 17 weeks in the BLS group to 29 weeks in the FGS group. The results of the present study demonstrate that improved surgical outcomes in the treatment of colon cancer can be achieved with FGS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 372. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-372
Laparoscopic Findings in Generalized Neurofibromatosis
Authors: H. Lindner, H. Mitschke, G. du Bosque
Journal: Endoscopy (1975)

A 64-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease) underwent laparoscopy because of biliary obstruction. A number of subserous neurogenic tumours was seen on the wall of the stomach and a biopsy was taken. Emphasis is laid on the tendency of subserous neuromas to simulate metastases. Histological examination is essential if errors are to be avoided.
Noise-Free Visualization of Microscopic Calcium Signaling by Pixel-Wise Fitting
Authors: Qinghai Tian, Lars Kaestner, Peter Lipp
Journal: Circulation Research (2012)

Our insights into physiological and pathophysiological cardiac excitation-contraction coupling has greatly benefited from significant advancement in optical technologies such as high-speed confocal microscopy. This has pushed pixel dwell times into the time domain of nanoseconds, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratios, which have limited data analysis and interpretation.Line scan imaging has been and still is dominant in high speed confocal recording. It allows analysis only of a small fraction of a cell's cross section (1.5%), but the appreciation of spatiotemporal fine details of excitation-contraction coupling is instrumental for the further understanding of pathological mechanisms. We aim to provide a novel analysis tool to extract otherwise hidden fine details in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling from high-speed 2-dimensional confocal image series.We demonstrate that high-speed 2-dimensional confocal data (150 frames/s) can be analyzed quantitatively by a pixel-wise fitting approach, using a mathematical formalism to phenomenologically describe local calcium transients. Such an approach produces virtually noise-free fluorescence data originating from minute volumes (0.025 femtoliter) and allows extraction of detailed and most importantly quantitative and mechanistically novel information on microscopic calcium signaling and excitation-contraction coupling in a robust manner.Pixel-wise fitting provides novel insights into cardiac excitation-contraction coupling. Specifically, it revealed microscopic calcium alternans on the level of individual coupling sites. Microscopic calcium alternans is an early precursor of cellular alternans and as such will shed more light onto this mechanism leading to cardiac arrhythmia.
Respiratory tract infections and concomitant pericoronitis of the wisdom teeth
Authors: J. H Meurman, A. Rajasuo, H. Murtomaa, S. Savolainen
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To discover if there is an association between respiratory tract infections and pericoronitis of erupting third molars in young adults. <b>Design</b>: Data from male military conscripts9 medical records were collected over five years and the incidence of respiratory tract infection before and after acute pericoronitis (191 cases) and before and after standard (722 cases) and operative (741) extractions compared with that in controls (n = 703) who had no infections in the third molar regions. <b>Subjects</b>: 14500 male military conscripts aged 20. <b>Setting</b>: Garrisons in Valkeala and Kouvola, Finland. <b>Results</b>: The incidence of respiratory tract infection was significantly higher during the two weeks before acute pericoronitis was diagnosed compared with that in controls. The highest incidence was observed in the three days before pericoronitis (odds ratio 6.8; 95% confidence interval 3.0 to 15.0). The incidence was also increased in the first week after pericoronitis (odds ratio 3.7; 1.6 to 8.4) and three days before (odds ratio 2.6; 0.9 to 7.5) and during the first week after extraction of third molars (odds ratio 2.6; 1.3 to 5.3). <b>Conclusions</b>: Respiratory tract infection may precipitate and occur concomitantly with acute pericoronitis. Third molar surgery for pericoronitis, on the other hand, may trigger respiratory tract infection. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages A possible link between respiratory tract infections and pericoronitis of the wisdom teeth has not been studied before Respiratory tract infection and pericoronitis seem to occur concomitantly Partly erupted wisdom teeth which are unlikely to erupt should be extracted before pericoronitis develops and to avoid a possible episode of respiratory tract infection
Pneumonia during treatment of acute leukaemia
Authors: J. Chessells, W C Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1980)

with source traced only 13 arose from the lungs.That isolations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have become less frequent in certain hospitals in the USA does not necessarily imply the same to be true or even likely in hospitals elsewhere-this organism was the second commonest cause of Gram-negative bacteraemia in patients with neutropenia in Addenbrooke's Hospital in the last three years.Further aspects of this article are open to similar criticism; we do not wish to labour the point, but simply to emphasise the importance for those who treat leukaemia of working in close collaboration with their own microbiological colleagues and establishing patterns of practice in conformity with their own local needs.
Elevated Creatinine Levels and Quality of Care in Heart Failure
Authors: David W. Baker, Stephen D. Persell, Karen S. Kmetik
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters6 November 2007Elevated Creatinine Levels and Quality of Care in Heart FailureDavid W. Baker, MD, MPH, Stephen D. Persell, MD, MPH, and Karen S. Kmetik, PhDDavid W. Baker, MD, MPHFrom Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this author, Stephen D. Persell, MD, MPHFrom Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this author, and Karen S. Kmetik, PhDFrom Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-9-200711060-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree that severe renal insufficiency is not a contraindication to using an ACE inhibitor or ARB for patients with heart failure. However, some of these patients will have a severe decline in renal function after starting ACE inhibitor or ARB therapy, requiring discontinuation of treatment. Note that if a patient with severe renal insufficiency tolerates ACE inhibitor or ARB treatment, the patient is represented in both the numerator and the denominator. A physician can “get credit” for treating such a patient successfully but does not “fail” the measure if a patient does not tolerate the treatment.How ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoAutomated Review of Electronic Health Records to Assess Quality of Care for Outpatients with Heart Failure David W. Baker , Stephen D. Persell , Jason A. Thompson , Neilesh S. Soman , Karen M. Burgner , David Liss , and Karen S. Kmetik Elevated Creatinine Levels and Quality of Care in Heart Failure Linda Fried Metrics 6 November 2007Volume 147, Issue 9Page: 672KeywordsACE inhibitorsConflicts of interestCreatinineElectronic medical recordsHealth care qualityHeart failurePatientsRenal failure ePublished: 6 November 2007 Issue Published: 6 November 2007 CopyrightCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Humoral response to linear B cell epitopes in the amino terminus of the hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein gp72 (E2): Role in protective immunity still unknown
Authors: Amy J. Weiner
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of the putative second envelope glycoprotein (gp70) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) contains a sequence-specific immunological B-cell epitope that induces the production of antibodies restricted to the specific viral isolate, and anti-HVR1 antibodies are involved in the genetic drift of HVR1 driven by immunoselection (N. Kato, H. Sekiya, Y. Ootsuyama, T. Nakazawa, M. Hijikata, S. Ohkoshi, and K. Shimotohno, J. Virol. 67:3923–3930, 1993). We further investigated the sequence variability of the HCV genomic region that entirely encodes the envelope proteins (gp35 and gp70); these sequences were derived from virus isolated during the acute and chronic phases of hepatitis in one patient, and we found that HVR1 was a major site for genetic mutations in HCV after the onset of hepatitis. We carried out epitope-mapping experiments using the HVR1 sequence derived from the acute phase of hepatitis and identified two overlapping epitopes which are each composed of 11 amino acids (positions 394 to 404 and 397 to 407). The presence of two epitopes within HVR1 suggested that epitope shift happened during the course of hepatitis. Four of six amino acid substitutions detected in HVR1 were located within the two epitopes. We further examined the reactivities of anti-HVR1 antibodies to the substituted amino acid sequences within the two epitopes. HVR1 variants in both epitopes within the HVR1 escaped from anti-HVR1 antibodies that were preexisting in the patient's serum.