tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intracoronary irradiation markedly reduces restenosis after balloon angioplasty in a porcine model
Authors: Joseph G. Wiedermann, Charles Marboe, Howard Amols, Allan Schwartz, Judah Weinberger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

This study examined the effects of intracoronary irradiation on neointimal proliferation after overstretch balloon angioplasty in a normolipemic swine model of restenosis.Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty represents, in part, a proliferative response of vascular smooth muscle at the site of injury. We have previously shown that ionizing radiation, delivered by means of an intracoronary source, causes focal medial fibrosis. We therefore hypothesized that intracoronary irradiation delivered at the time of balloon angioplasty might impair the restenosis process.Nineteen juvenile swine underwent coronary angiography; a segment of the coronary artery was chosen as a target for balloon injury. In 10 swine, a ribbon of iridium-192 was positioned at the target segment, and 2,000 cGy was delivered at the vessel wall. Subsequently, overdilation balloon angioplasty was performed at the irradiated segment. In nine control swine, overdilation balloon angioplasty was performed without previous irradiation. Eighteen animals survived and were killed at 30 days. Histopathologic analysis was performed by a pathologist in blinded manner. The area of maximal lumen compromise within the target segment was analyzed by computer-assisted planimetry.In the control group, mean (+/- SD) neointimal area was 0.84 +/- 0.60 mm2 compared with that in the irradiated group, 0.24 +/- 0.13 mm2 (p = 0.01). In the control group, mean percent area stenosis was 47.6 +/- 20.7%, whereas that in the irradiated group was 17.6 +/- 10.5% (p = 0.001). This represents a 71.4% reduction in neointimal area and a 63.0% reduction in percent area stenosis in the irradiated group. Adjacent coronary segments and surrounding myocardium were unaffected.Intracoronary irradiation (2,000 cGy) delivered to a target porcine coronary segment before balloon overdilation markedly reduces neointima formation at 30 days and thus significantly impairs the restenosis process.
Radiation and growth hormone deficiency.
Authors: A W Burrows, T D Hockaday
Journal: BMJ (1977)

We can only agree with Dr Skrabanek that there are considerable difficulties with the concept of schizophrenia, syndrome, disease, or behaviour pattern, and he is correct in con- cluding that we would like to discover an organic cause or, for that matter, a psychological one.However, our observations on typhoid catatonia had little bearing on that question and our argument was directed to showing that typhoid catatonia does not resemble schizophrenia, in contrast to other conditions such as the psychoses associated with epilepsy2 or amphetamine abuse,3 which very closely resemble schizophrenia and for that reason have been called "symptomatic schizophrenias."The notion of symptomatic schizophrenia seems to us to be useful in the present state of knowledge and ignorance."Schizophrenia," like "dropsy," may indeed, in course of time, become redundant, but nevertheless describes something real.The implication in Dr Skrabanek's second paragraph that physicians "in our part of the world" have somehow superior ethical or conceptual understanding is not only in- sulting but peculiarly inappropriate, as the senior author had his entire medical, psy- chiatric (and ethical) training in Ireland.We simply hope that our observations and experience in India may also be of some interest and value to physicians elsewhere.
Uses and limits of empirical data in measuring and modeling human lead exposure.
Authors: P Mushak
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

This paper examines the uses and limits of empirical data in evaluating measurement and modeling approaches to human lead exposure. Empirical data from experiment or observation or both have been used in studies of lead exposure. For example, experimental studies have elucidated and quantified physiologic or biokinetic parameters of lead exposure under controlled conditions. Observation, i.e., epidemiology, has been widely applied to study population exposures to lead. There is growing interest in the use of lead exposure prediction models and their evaluation before use in risk assessment. Empirical studies of lead exposure must be fully understood, especially their limits, before they are applied as "standards" or reference information for evaluation of exposure models, especially the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's lead biokinetic model that is a focus of this article. Empirical and modeled datasets for lead exposure may not agree due to a) problems with the observational data or b) problems with the model; caution should be exercised before either a model or observational data are rejected. There are at least three sources of discordance in cases where there is lack of agreement: a) empirical data are accurate but the model is flawed; b) the model is valid but reference empirical data are inaccurate; or c) neither empirical data nor model is accurate, and each is inaccurate in different ways. This paper evaluates some of the critical empirical input to biokinetic models, especially lead bioavailability.
Phase I Safety, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Study of ENMD-2076, a Novel Angiogenic and Aurora Kinase Inhibitor,in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Jennifer R. Diamond, Bruno R. Bastos, Ryan J. Hansen, Daniel L. Gustafson, S. Gail Eckhardt, Eunice L. Kwak, Shuchi S. Pandya, Graham C. Fletcher, Todd M. Pitts, Gillian N. Kulikowski, Mark Morrow, Jamie Arnott, Mark R. Bray, Carolyn Sidor, Wells Messersmith, Geoffrey I. Shapiro
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

ENMD-2076 is a unique orally bioavailable Aurora kinase and VEGFR inhibitor. The purpose of this phase 1 study of ENMD-2076 was to determine the MTD, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles and preliminary antitumor activity.Patients with refractory advanced solid malignancies were treated with ENMD-2076 orally with continuous once daily dosing. Doses from 60 to 200 mg/m(2) were evaluated using a standard 3 (to 4) + 3 design. Pharmacokinetic parameters were studied on days 1, 28, and 30 to 35 of cycle 1. Expanded MTD cohorts included patients with ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, and refractory solid tumors.A total of 67 patients (46 F, 21M; ages 30-76) entered the study. Dose levels of 60, 80, 120, 200, and 160 mg/m(2) were evaluated. Two patients experienced grade 3 hypertension at 200 mg/m(2), and additional grade 3 neutropenia events limited tolerability at this dose. An intermediate dose of 160 mg/m(2) was determined to be the MTD. The most common drug-related adverse events included hypertension, nausea/vomiting, and fatigue. The pharmacokinetics of ENMD-2076 were characterized by a rapid absorption phase (T(max) 3-7.8 hours), a t(1/2) of 27.3 to 38.3 hours after a single dose, and dose proportional exposure. Decreased plasma sVEGFR2 was observed posttreatment. Two patients with platinum refractory/resistant ovarian cancer had RECIST partial responses.ENMD-2076 was well tolerated, had a linear pharmacokinetic profile, and showed promising antitumor activity, particularly in ovarian cancer. The recommended phase 2 dose of ENMD-2076 is 160 mg/m(2) administered orally once daily with continuous dosing.
473. Semliki Based Systems for the Production of Retroviral Vectors: A Safety Concern
Authors: Eric Piver, Christine Collin, Noémie Renault, Thierry Bru, Jean-Christophe Pages
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

The development of efficient and safe production procedures are an essential goal conditioning viral vectors usefulness. For retroviral vectors production, two groups have suggested that Semliki forest virus (SFV) derived systems might generate interestingly elevated yields. The system relies on the transfection of three complementary SFV replicons. It is noteworthy that Muriaux and collaborator have shown that RNA is an important component for retroviral particles and that some SFV RNA could be packaged into retroviral particles. Furthermore, Lebedeva et al. and Rolls et al. have shown the arising of autonomous replication replicon from SFV vectors expressing various viral glyco-proteins envelopes. Thus, these data suggested that retroviral vectors might be vehicles for all sorts of SFV derived replicons.
Effects of chronic hypertension and its reversal on arteries and arterioles.
Authors: D L Stacy, R L Prewitt
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The reversibility of functional and structural microvascular alterations in chronic renal hypertension has not been established. Twelve weeks after surgery to induce hypertension, in vivo arteriolar and venular dimensions were measured in the cremaster muscle of rats with one-kidney, one-clip hypertension (1K1C), rats in which the clip was removed after 8 weeks (1KNT), and controls. Systolic blood pressure was significantly elevated after 3 days in 1K1C rats and reached a plateau by 6 weeks. In 1KNT rats, systolic blood pressures were similar to 1K1C rats but were normalized 1 day after unclipping. A marked medial-intimal hypertrophy was found by histological techniques in the thoracic and abdominal aortae (45% and 69%, respectively) but not in cremaster feeding arteries of 1K1C rats. These arterial changes were reversed after unclipping. In 1K1C rats, medial-intimal area decreased in first- through fourth-order (1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A) arterioles along with a decline in relaxed diameter (41%, 30%, 20%, and 21%, respectively), which was only partially restored after unclipping. Heart weight was increased by 67% in 1K1C rats, but it did not differ between 1KNT and controls. Therefore, the reversal of chronic renal hypertension can normalize gross structural alterations in the heart and large vessels, but more time may be required to normalize completely the arteriolar changes. These data indicate that long-term structural adaptations in renal hypertension are different in arterioles and arteries, and they may be related to chronic changes in blood flow and/or pressure.
Intravascular Platelet Aggregation in the Heart Induced by Norepinephrine
Authors: JACOB I. HAFT, PAUL D. KRANZ, FRANK J. ALBERT, KAZEM FANI
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Aggregated platelets and occlusive platelet thrombi were found in small myocardial vessels of dogs on electron-microscope examination after prolonged infusion of norepinephrine. The etiology of the myocardial necrosis and fibrosis induced by catecholamines in experimental animals and seen in patients with pheochromocytoma and patients after norepinephrine treatment for shock may be related to this intravascular platelet-aggregating effect of catecholamines. The link between stress and acute myocardial infarction may be via catecholamine-induced intravascular platelet thrombosis. If the thrombogenic theory of atherosclerosis is valid, platelet aggregation induced by catecholamines may be the mechanism whereby arteriosclerotic heart disease is related to stress.
Abstract A02: Targeted deep sequencing of second biopsy tissues from patients with acquired resistance (AR) to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors harboring EGFR mutations: Preliminary results.
Authors: Myung-Ju Ahn, Youngwook Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Yoon-la Choi, Joungho Han, EunHye Jho, Joung-Mu Sun, Jin-Sock Ahn, Keunchil Park
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Patients with EGFR activating mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) eventually develop AR to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) after durable and high response. Several mechanisms of AR to EGFR TKIs identified include T790M gatekeeper mutation, PIK3CA mutation, C-met amplification, transformation into small cell carcinoma or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, to identify other genetic alterations, we performed targeted deep sequencing for over 700 hotspots in 50 cancer-related genes using next generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from FFPE tissue or pleural/pericardial fluid or primary culture cells of 57 NSCLC patients who developed AR to EGFR TKIs. Amplicons NGS libraries for 50 oncogenes included in Ion AmpliSeqTM Cancer Hotspot Panel v.2 were generated and sequenced in the Ion PGM Sequencer. Variant caller included in Torrent Suite Software was utilized to identify mutations in the samples, annotation was performed with IonTorrentTM Software. Results: All 57 patients were treated with EGFR TKIs, gefitinib (n=39), erlotinib (n=17), or afatinib (n=1) as first-line or later line of therapy. 65% were female, 74% never smokers, median age of 58 years (range 25-77) and 98% were adenocarcinoma. 31 patients have exon 19 deletion and 14 with L858R at baseline. The median PFS for EGFR TKIs was 11 months (range 4-63). Targeted deep sequencing of second biopsy identified recurrent coexisting mutations of T790M in 52.6%. Other frequently altered genes include mutation of CTNNB1 (n=9), c-KIT (n=7), c-met (n=7), SMARCB1 (n=5), PDGFRA (n=5), PTEN (n=2), NRAS (n=2), and PIK3CA (n=1). However, in order to investigate whether these recurrent mutations observed in second biopsy represent genes associated with AR or pre-existing genes, targeted deep sequencing of available paired baseline samples will be performed and updated. Conclusions: We found that NGS technology is feasible in FFPE tissues. Although T790M mutation confers the most common resistant mechanism to EGFR TKI, several detected genetic mutations are novel observations which might provide potential candidates for AR mechanisms. Further validation results will be discussed. Citation Format: Myung-Ju Ahn, Youngwook Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Yoon-la Choi, Joungho Han, EunHye Jho, Joung-Mu Sun, Jin-Sock Ahn, Keunchil Park. Targeted deep sequencing of second biopsy tissues from patients with acquired resistance (AR) to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors harboring EGFR mutations: Preliminary results. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-IASLC Joint Conference on Molecular Origins of Lung Cancer; 2014 Jan 6-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2014;20(2Suppl):Abstract nr A02.
In vivo correlation of myocardial metabolism, perfusion, and mechanical function during increased cardiac work
Authors: M. Osbakken, M. D Mitchell, D. Zhang, A. Mayevsky, B. Chance
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article In vivo correlation of myocardial metabolism, perfusion, and mechanical function during increased cardiac work Get access Mary Osbakken, Mary Osbakken Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Correspondence to: Dr Osbakken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Matthew D Mitchell, Matthew D Mitchell Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Danning Zhang, Danning Zhang Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Avraham Mayevsky, Avraham Mayevsky Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Britton Chance Britton Chance Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 9, September 1991, Pages 749–756, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.9.749 Published: 01 September 1991 Article history Received: 10 December 1990 Accepted: 03 May 1991 Published: 01 September 1991
Mental Stress and the Induction of Silent Myocardial Ischemia in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: A Rozanski, C N Bairey, D S Krantz, J Friedman, K J Resser, M Morell, S Hilton-Chalfen, L Hestrin, J Bietendorf, D S Berman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

To assess the causal relation between acute mental stress and myocardial ischemia, we evaluated cardiac function in selected patients during a series of mental tasks (arithmetic, the Stroop color--word task, simulated public speaking, and reading) and compared the responses with those induced by exercise. Thirty-nine patients with coronary artery disease and 12 controls were studied by radionuclide ventriculography. Of the patients with coronary artery disease, 23 (59 percent) had wall-motion abnormalities during periods of mental stress and 14 (36 percent) had a fall in ejection fraction of more than 5 percentage points. Ischemia induced by mental stress was symptomatically "silent" in 19 of the 23 patients with wall-motion abnormalities (83 percent) and occurred at lower heart rates than exercise-induced ischemia (P less than 0.05). In contrast, we observed comparable elevations in arterial pressure during ischemia induced by mental stress and ischemia induced by exercise. A personally relevant, emotionally arousing speaking task induced more frequent and greater regional wall-motion abnormalities than did less specific cognitive tasks causing mental stress (P less than 0.05). The magnitude of cardiac dysfunction induced by the speaking task was similar to that induced by exercise. Personally relevant mental stress may be an important precipitant of myocardial ischemia--often silent--in patients with coronary artery disease. Further examination of the pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for myocardial ischemia induced by mental stress could have important implications for the treatment of transient myocardial ischemia.
BepreveTM 1.5% Reduces Nasal Congestion for at Least 16 Hours: An Analysis of Integrated Data from Two Phase 3 Conjunctival Allergen Challenge (CAC) Clinical Trials
Authors: J.A. Gow, J.I. Williams, T.R. McNamara, P.J. Gomes, M.B. Abelson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
The Barrier Function in Extracapsular Cataract Surgery
Authors: R. Theodore Smith, Charles J. Campbell, Charles J. Koester, Stephen Trokel, Anita Anderson
Journal: Ophthalmology (1990)

The distribution of fluorescein between the anterior chamber and the anterior vitreous was measured in two groups of patients after oral administration: group I, extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) patients with intact capsule and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) (n = 12); group II, intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) patients with anterior chamber IOL (AC IOL) (n = 13).The fluorescein concentrations were measured by fluorophotometry and the penetration ratios were calculated.The penetration of fluorescein into the anterior vitreous was significantly less in the ECCE group (group I, penetration ratio = 2.03 ± 1.00 X 10-3 min-1 ; group II, penetration ratio = 5.99 ± 4.89, X 10-3 min-1 , P < 0.01).The authors concluded that in ECCE versus ICCE a significantly smaller proportion of fluorescein is found in the anterior vitreous relative to the aqueous after passage through the blood-aqueous barrier.This suggests a barrier to posterior movement of other molecules that may initially gain access to the eye in the anterior segment (e.g., prostaglandins).
Radiolabeled Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Robert O. Dillman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools REVIEW ARTICLE Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.02.126 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12177115 Radiolabeled Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of B-Cell Lymphoma Robert O. DillmanxRobert O. DillmanSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Hoag Cancer Center, Newport Beach, CA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.02.126 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Computer assisted management of warfarin treatment.
Authors: R Wilson, A H James
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Maintenance of anticoagulation is laborious and costly, and the results are often indifferent. An automatic system which adjusts the dose of warfarin has been designed using a formula devised after a survey of prescribing habits. Programs running on a microcomputer maintain a file of the necessary information and deal with the bulk of the weekly clinic. Dosage is advised, the date of the next visit determined, and the file updated. A doctor uses the console to advise some 10% of patients reserved for special reasons. The system produces clinic and ambulance lists, copies of the advice sent to patients, and, as a protection against machine failure, a weekly copy of the updated file. The results after 16 months are at least as good as those achieved manually. Medical and secretarial time is saved, and statistics about the clinic and its efficacy are made available.
A piece of my mind. Cognocardiology
Authors: R. H. Falk
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Symbiotic and Synergistic Infections
Authors: Bernard J. Ficarra
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The case report entitled "Postoperative Synergistic Gangrene" (<b>200</b>:557, 1967) is worthy of accentuated interest because it presents a lesson in the exacerbation and recrudescence of the vitality of microorganisms. Notwithstanding the excellence of modern antibacterial agents, infections have become widespread, and many organisms have a defensive mechanism against the antibiotics that cannot be discerned by the research microbiologist. The discussion on synergistic gangrene is an example fortifying a point worthy of emphasis. Twenty-five years is the approximate cycle of victory for the antibiotics against infectious microorganisms. The pendulum has now swung in the opposite direction, and the victorious infections are now standing up against modern antibiotics. Because of the ineffectual force of the antibiotics, newer or resurrected treatments for synergistic infections must be employed. During my surgical residency days the term employed for this complication following surgery was<i>symbiotic infection with gangrene</i>. Cultures of the infected