tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sustained Benefit at 2 Years of Primary Femoropopliteal Stenting Compared With Balloon Angioplasty With Optional Stenting
Authors: Martin Schillinger, Schila Sabeti, Petra Dick, Jasmin Amighi, Wolfgang Mlekusch, Oliver Schlager, Christian Loewe, Manfred Cejna, Johannes Lammer, Erich Minar
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Primary stenting with self-expanding nitinol stents of the superficial femoral artery yielded improved morphological and clinical results compared with balloon angioplasty with optional stenting until 12 months in a randomized controlled trial. We now report 2-year data on restenosis and clinical outcomes of these patients.Of 104 patients with chronic limb ischemia and superficial femoral artery obstructions, 98 (94%) could be followed up until 2 years after intervention for occurrence of restenosis (>50%) by duplex ultrasound and for clinical and hemodynamic outcome by treadmill walking distance and ankle brachial index. Restenosis rates at 2 years were 45.7% (21 of 46) versus 69.2% (36 of 52) in favor of primary stenting compared with balloon angioplasty with optional secondary stenting by an intention-to-treat analysis (P=0.031). Consistently, stenting (whether primary or secondary; n=63) was superior to plain balloon angioplasty (n=35) with respect to the occurrence of restenosis (49.2% versus 74.3%; P=0.028) by a treatment-received analysis. Clinically, patients in the primary stent group showed a trend toward better treadmill walking capacity (average, 302 versus 196 m; P=0.12) and better ankle brachial index values (average, 0.88 versus 0.78; P=0.09) at 2 years, respectively. Reintervention rates tended to be lower after primary stenting (17 of 46 [37.0%] versus 28 of 52 [53.8%]; P=0.14).At 2 years, primary stenting with self-expanding nitinol stents for the treatment of superficial femoral artery obstructions yields a sustained morphological benefit and a trend toward clinical benefit compared with balloon angioplasty with optional stenting.
Proliferation of parathyroid cells negatively correlates with expression of parathyroid hormone–related protein in secondary parathyroid hyperplasia
Authors: Hiroshi Matsushita, Mitsuru Hara, Yuzo Endo, Yoshimasa Shishiba, Shigeko Hara, Yoshifumi Ubara, Hideki Nakazawa, Noriyuki Suzuki, Katsuhiko Kawaminami, Teruhiko Kido, Qing Li, Lars Grimelius
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Effects of discrimination by sex and race on the early careers of British medical graduates during 1981-7.
Authors: P M McKeigue, J D Richards, P Richards
Journal: BMJ (1990)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the possible effects of discrimination by sex and race on the career patterns of doctors up to six years after qualifying. DESIGN--Postal questionnaire follow up survey. PARTICIPANTS--1572 Doctors who graduated from five British medical schools in 1981, 1983, and 1985, including 587 women and 131 doctors from ethnic minorities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Reported success rates of applications for training posts. RESULTS--Comparison of the career patterns of women and men yielded no evidence of discrimination against women in competition for posts. In contrast, there were striking differences in career patterns between graduates of native European origin and those of ethnic minority origin. Graduates from ethnic minorities reported lower success rates and more difficulty in obtaining house officer posts, registrar posts, and places in vocational training schemes in general practice. Most of this discrimination seemed to occur at the stage of shortlisting for interview. Graduates from ethnic minorities were more likely than graduates of native European origin to have experienced spells of unemployment while seeking work. They were also more likely to have changed their original choice of career because of difficulty in obtaining suitable training posts or unfavourable career prospects. CONCLUSIONS--Discrimination against ethnic minorities occurs in the competition for training posts among graduates from British medical schools. There was no evidence of discrimination against women graduates. Shortlisting procedures based on objective scoring systems may help to ensure equality of opportunity in future.
The War Isn't Over
Authors: Henry J. Aaron, Robert D. Reischauer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Health care reform advocates will and should celebrate their history-making legislative success. For many, the past year has been all health care all the time. Celebration should be limited, however. Major challenges lie ahead, and hard work remains to be done. Opponents will continue, and probably intensify, their opposition. They have promised legal challenges and are likely to seek repeal of all or part of the legislation. Moreover, formidable implementation hurdles must be surmounted if health care reform is to achieve its goals.On the political front, Republicans unanimously opposed the final bill in both the House and the Senate. . . .
RECENT STUDIES ON METHODS OF ISOLATING A BACTERIOPHAGE FOR BACILLUS DIPHTHERIÆ
Authors: Julius A. Klosterman, Kathryn W. Small
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

Of the attempts to isolate an antidiphtheria phage (1) from stools collected daily during the course of a case of the disease, (2) from a 33 day old broth culture of B. diphtheriæ, (3) from intestinal contents and peritoneal washings of guinea pigs inoculated with three different toxic strains of B. diphtheriæ, none yielded an antidiphtheria phage. However of eleven specimens of feces collected from eleven antitoxin horses one was found to contain a bacteriophage active against B. diphtheriæ. This phage was not observed in the first generation and did not show up until transferred the second time. Had the results of the first transfer been regarded as final in all certainty the existence of a phage would not have been recognized. Two additional specimens of feces from the positive horse (No. 156) were later tested to determine whether this bacteriophage was continually present in the intestinal tract of this animal. Both of these feces filtrates failed to yield a phage. Later a sample of freshly collected blood serum from the same horse was tested and found not to contain a phage. The antidiphtheria phage was tested against eighteen non-diphtheria strains of microorganisms to determine whether it would show lytic activity for related or unrelated bacteria. There was no evidence of lysis in any of these types. The specificity of this phage was also tested on nine strains of B. diphtheriæ and found to be active on three heterologous strains (Strain M 1314, Strain F and Strain G). These incidentally were all recently isolated. It failed to lyse the remaining six strains of which five were recently isolated. B. diphtheriæ Strain M 1314 was used in combination with nine heterologous bacteriophages isolated from various sources, to determine if any of these phages would by chance lyse this culture. The results were all negative. To date this phage fails to show complete lysis although the twenty-second generation has a titer of 1 x 10–9. Additional proposed experiments involving this phage are being planned and will be undertaken in the near future.
Effect of pH on bronchial response to inhaled histamine.
Authors: D W Cockcroft, B A Berscheid
Journal: Thorax (1982)

In order to investigate the effect of pH on bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine, 15 subjects with non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity performed two histamine inhalation tests, one with unbuffered, and the other with buffered histamine acid phosphate solutions. The unbuffered histamine solutions were prepared with 0.9% sterile saline and had a pH range from 4.3 to 7.3, while the buffered histamine solutions were prepared with a phosphate buffer and had a pH range of 6.5 to 7.4. The two histamine inhalation tests were similar in all other regards. The geometric mean histamine provocation concentration required to produce a 20% reduction in FEV1 (PC20) was significantly lower for the unbuffered histamine (1.33 mg/ml) than for the buffered histamine (1.67 mg/ml), p less than 0.05. The two PC20s differed by less than one doubling dilution, the range of reproducibility of the test, in 12 of the 15 subjects. The pH effect was only noted when the pH of the histamine solutions was below five (histamine concentrations from one to eight mg/ml). We conclude that the acid pH of higher concentrations of histamine acid phosphate solutions has a slight but significant enhancing effect on the bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine.
Abstract 3223: Metabolomic study reveals smokers’ characteristic profile.
Authors: Ping-Ching Hsu, Bin Zhou, Habtom W. Ressom, Amrita Cheema, Christopher A. Loffredo, Wallace Pickworth, Peter G. Shields
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Given recent FDA legislation to mandate cigarette performance standards and evaluate health claims for modified tobacco products, and separately the fact that most persons with lung cancer are former smokers, biomarkers of lung cancer risk are needed. Yet, today there are only a few biomarkers of exposure and none that are validated for lung cancer risk. This study identified putative biomarkers of exposure and harm through metabolomics, a powerful method to identify numerous metabolites and profiles. It utilized a previously conducted epidemiological study of well-characterized smokers. Using UPLC-QTOF-MS, we analyzed global metabolomic profiles of 160 smokers’ plasma totaling 613 repeated samples, and evaluated whether gender, race, number of cigarettes per day, nicotine metabolism, and type of cigarette is associated with smokers’ global metabolome. These subjects completed an extensive interview and smoked two cigarettes in a smoking laboratory. Blood and CO measurements were collected before and after each cigarette. Using subset analysis for the effect of gender on smokers’ metabolome, we were able to identify putative metabolites that are mostly steroid hormones or cholesterol derivatives, signifying the importance of sex-specific differences in metabolism. There was also significant discrimination in the metabolome of heavy and light smokers, of African-American and Caucasian smokers, and of menthol and non-menthol cigarette smokers. We also performed a paired analysis on menthol versus non-menthol smokers matched by race, gender, metabolizer status, and smoking status. Our result showed not only a significant discrimination between metabolomes of these two cigarette types, but also discriminated a cigarette brand with the lowest nicotine yield from the one with the highest yield. Putative metabolites were identified including several related to carcinogenesis and the inhibition of actin cytoskeleton activation. Further validation is needed to identify and characterize those metabolites. In summary, we have shown that the potential biomarkers identified in this study are strongly related to other well established lung cancer risk factors including gender, race, and tobacco exposure variables, and therefore may be useful in cohort studies of persons at high risk for lung cancer. Citation Format: Ping-Ching Hsu, Bin Zhou, Habtom W. Ressom, Amrita Cheema, Christopher A. Loffredo, Wallace Pickworth, Peter G. Shields. Metabolomic study reveals smokers’ characteristic profile. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3223. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3223
RNAi screen identifies Jarid1b as a major regulator of mouse HSC activity
Authors: Sonia Cellot, Kristin J. Hope, Jalila Chagraoui, Martin Sauvageau, Éric Deneault, Tara MacRae, Nadine Mayotte, Brian T. Wilhelm, Josette R. Landry, Stephen B. Ting, Jana Krosl, Keith Humphries, Alexander Thompson, Guy Sauvageau
Journal: Blood (2013)
Judge quashes GMC's decision to pursue old allegations against a consultant
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A High Court judge has quashed a General Medical Council decision to proceed with allegations against a consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist that had been found unsubstantiated by police 21 years before.

Mr Justice Haddon-Cave said that the decision by the GMC’s assistant registrar in 2011 to waive the five year rule and send the allegations of sexual misconduct with the doctor’s 15 year old stepdaughter forward to case examiners was “plainly wrong” and “fundamentally flawed.” The rule bars stale complaints unless there are exceptional circumstances and it would be in the public interest for the case to go ahead.

The case examiners later decided that there was a reasonable prospect of proving that the consultant’s fitness to practise was impaired, but the case was put on hold when the doctor, named only as D, challenged the decision at the …
Rectal Ulcers and Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: Juan J. Alberti-Flor, G. Dewey Dunn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1984Rectal Ulcers and Chronic Renal FailureJUAN J. ALBERTI-FLOR, M.D., G. DEWEY DUNN, M.D.JUAN J. ALBERTI-FLOR, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, G. DEWEY DUNN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-2-278_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read with interest the report of Goldberg and coworkers ( 1 ) about rectal ulcers in patients with chronic renal failure. We recently saw a 55-year-old black man with end-stage renal disease secondary to hypertension who was evaluated for guaiac-positive stools. He had been on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for the last 2 years and had previously spent 4 years in hemodialysis.Abdominal examination showed multiple scars, normal bowel sounds, and a peritoneal dialysis catheter. There was no tenderness or rebound. Rectal findings included guaiac-positive stools without masses or rectal prolapse. Laboratory tests showed a hemoglobin...References1. GOLDBERG M, HOFFMAN G, and WOMBOLT D. Massive hemorrhage from rectal ulcers in chronic renal failure. Ann Intern Med. 1984; 100:397. LinkGoogle Scholar2. CRUVEILHIER J. Ulcere chronique du rectum. In: Maladies du Rectum. Paris: Bailliere; 1830:4. (Anatomic Pathologique du Corps Humain, vol. 2, book 25.) Google Scholar3. FORD M, ANDERSON J, GILMOUR H, HOLT S, SIRCUS W, and HEADING R. Clinical spectrum of "solitary ulcer" of the rectum. Gastroenterology. 1983;84:1533-40. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JUAN J. ALBERTI-FLOR, M.D.; G. DEWEY DUNN, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1984Volume 101, Issue 2Page: 278-278KeywordsCathetersHemoglobinHypertensionLaboratory testsPeritoneal dialysisRenal failureScarsSecondary hypertensionUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clotting Changes, Including Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, during Rapid Renal-Homograft Rejection
Authors: Thomas E. Starzl, Hans J. Boehmig, Hiroshi Amemiya, Curtis B. Wilson, Frank J. Dixon, Geoffrey R. Giles, Kenneth M. Simpson, Charles G. Halgrimson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

One of two patients in whom early homograft rejection developed after renal transplantation had many antidonor antibodies before operation.By the measurement of gradients across intracorporeal and extracorporeal homografts in this patient, the new kidneys were shown to sequester host immunoglobulins, platelets, white cells and clotting factors.Moreover, the renal venous blood then contained fibrinolytic activity.This presensitized recipient, as well as a second patient who did not have detectable preformed humoral antibodies, gave evidence from clinical observation and from the various clotting tests of disseminated intravascular coagulation with fibrinolysis and a severe bleeding, diathesis.Immunofluorescent and histologic studies revealed a laying down of fibrin in the homograft vessels that continued in some cases to cortical necrosis of the transplanted kidneys or, alternatively, receded at the time fibrinolysis occurred.The variety of rejection seen in these patients has been characterized as an immunologically induced coagulopathy.
Cholesterol Reduction and Life Expectancy
Authors: ELENA CITKOWITZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1987Cholesterol Reduction and Life ExpectancyELENA CITKOWITZ, M.D.ELENA CITKOWITZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-255_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Taylor and associates (1) state that they wish to provide a model to determine how much benefit to expect from a dietary program to reduce serum cholesterol. But the only benefit considered was increased life expectancy. The goal of medicine is not just to extend the life span; were that the case, most of what physicians do would be purposeless. Helping people to stay healthy and to lead active, vigorous lives seems a more reasonable goal, and is also likely to be associated with increased life expectancy. By focusing only on the potential of dietary reduction of...References1. TAYLORPASSSHEPARDKOMAROFF WTDA. Cholesterol reduction and life expectancy: a model incorporating multiple risk factors. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:605-14. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FRIES J. Aging, natural death, and the compression of morbidity. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:130-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CAHILL G. The future of carbohydrates in human nutrition. Nutr Rev. 1986;44:40-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ANDERSONCASTELLILEVY KWD. Cholesterol and mortality: 30 years of follow-up from the Framingham Study. JAMA. 1987;257:2176-80. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. LEVY R. Declining mortality in coronary heart disease. Arteriosclerosis. 1981;1:312-25. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. STAMLERWENTWORTHNEATON JDJ. Is relationship between serum cholesterol and risk of premature death from coronary heart disease continuous and graded?: findings in 356,222 primary screenees of the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). JAMA. 1986;256:2823-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCorrection: Author of Letter on Cholesterol Reduction and Life Expectancy 1 August 1987Volume 107, Issue 2Page: 255-256KeywordsCholesterolLife expectancy Issue Published: 1 August 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Impaired lipid clearance in patients with previous acute pancreatitis.
Authors: S Guzman, F Nervi, O Llanos, P Leon, V Valdivieso
Journal: Gut (1985)

Fasting serum triglycerides were measured in 52 patients who had sustained an attack of pancreatitis (gall stone related 33, alcoholism six) at least six months earlier. Several patients (23%) had raised fasting serum triglycerides, with a type IV phenotype in all but one patient. The 40 patients with normal fasting serum triglycerides received an oral load of 100 g sunflower oil to compare their clearance of dietary triglycerides with that of a control group of 54 subjects. The clearance of ingested triglycerides was significantly impaired in the patients - irrespective of the presumed aetiological factor, or clinical condition associated with pancreatitis - compared with the clearance in controls. A triglyceride tolerance test is the only way to detect those patients in whom a future attack of pancreatitis may be precipitated by a diet rich in fat, or endogenous over production of triglycerides as after an alcoholic debauch.
Preterm Birth Prevention in a Rural Practice
Authors: Barbara P. Yawn
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A program for the prevention of preterm births was developed for use in small, nonurban communities. In contrast to other programs, increased emphasis was placed on education and reassessment of "low-risk" women. Potentially preventable preterm births were identified and studied. The potentially preventable preterm birth rate decreased from 3.2% in the 3-year control period to 1.3% during the 2-year study period, a 60% reduction. The preterm neonates who were born during the study period were older, had a greater average birth weight, and had fewer admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit. The percentage of women in preterm labor who presented early enough to receive tocolysis increased from 51% to 98%, and those in preterm labor who delivered at term increased from 56% to 96%. Requiring primarily education and increased awareness, this preterm birth prevention program was successful and inexpensive and may be applicable to similar rural primary care practices.
An Interpretation of Michelangelo's Creation of Adam Based on Neuroanatomy
Authors: Frank Lynn Meshberger
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE BRILLIANT Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarroti painted magnificent frescoes on the ceiling of the Vatican's Sistine Chapel, laboring from 1508 to 1512. Commissioned by Pope Julius II, Michelangelo performed this work himself without assistance. Scholars debate whether he had any guidance from the Church in the selection of the scenes, and what meaning the scenes were to convey. In the fresco traditionally called the<i>Creation of Adam</i>, but which might be more aptly titled the<i>Endowment of Adam</i>, I believe that Michelangelo encoded a special message. It is a message consistent with thoughts he expressed in his sonnets. Supreme in sculpture and painting, he understood that his skill was in his brain and not in his hands. He believed that the "divine part" we "receive" from God is the "intellect." In the following sonnet, Michelangelo explains how he creates sculpture and painting and how, I believe, God himself gave man the gift of intellect<sup>1</sup>:
When is referral of Heaf test positive schoolchildren worth while? Prospective study
Authors: H. Booth, C. Pollitt, E C. Jessen, D. J Hendrick, A. J Cant
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Many doctors still do not tell patients when they have cancer in the belief that they do not want to know and that telling them would cause only alarm and depression * We interviewed 250 patients with cancer to find out what information they wanted * Almost all the patients wanted to know their diagnosis, and most also wanted to know the chance of cure and the side effects of their treatment * Younger patients, women, and those receiving radical treatment in particular wanted to know more about treatment options * The overwhelming preference was for the diagnosis of cancer to be given by a hospital doctor addition, many doctors feel ill at ease discussing serious illness and dying and resort to euphemisms such as
Alcohol Abuse in Medical School-Reply
Authors: David C. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Clinical research findings that contradict our immediate experience or our strong beliefs are not ipso facto wrong or "worthless." This point of view is clearly antiscientific. We will be the first to acknowledge the limitations inherent in our sampling, our study design, our psychometric analyses, and our generalizations about the findings. Yet we also want to emphasize that the self-report questionnaire we administered to make research diagnoses of alcohol abuse was based on a well-developed and well-studied National Institute of Mental Health epidemiologic instrument (the Diagnostic Interview Schedule). The presence of any<i>two</i>or more of the following symptoms constituted a research diagnosis of alcohol abuse: the sense that one drinks too much, family members or friends objecting to one's drinking pattern, inability to stop drinking, frequent drinking before breakfast, school or job difficulties due to drinking, a separation or divorce due to drinking, periods of 72 or