tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Four methods of sampling for dust mite allergen: differences in ‘dust’
Authors: E. R. Tovey, T. Z. Mitakakis, J. K. Sercombe, C. H. Vanlaar, G. B. Marks
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Measurement of exposure to the dust mite allergen Der p 1 is important in asthma research and is potentially useful in managing asthma. As no single measure can capture all characteristics of an exposure, it is important to recognize differences in the available methods of measuring exposure to Der p 1. Methods: Fourteen bedrooms and living rooms were sampled using four methods for 1 week. Airborne allergen was sampled by static Institute of Occupational Medicine samplers. Settling dust was collected on Petri dishes and an adhesive–membrane system (A‐book). Vacuumed reservoir dust samples were collected from floors at the end of 1 week. Der p 1 was measured in all samples by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, except A‐books, in which it was measured by Halogen immunoassay. Results: All four methods intercorrelated moderately ( r range = 0.40–0.64, P = 0.04), except between allergen in reservoir dust (as μ g/m 2 and μ g/g dust) and settling dust by Petri dishes ( P = 0.2). Reservoir allergen, expressed as μ g/m 2 , did not correlate with any measure, except reservoir allergen expressed as μ g/g ( r = 0.39, P = 0.04). No differences in these associations occurred between bedrooms and living rooms. Conclusions: While the four methods examined correlated moderately, all have practical advantages and difficulties. No method can be considered as ideal for measuring individual exposure. For practicality, use of vacuum cleaner and Petri dish methods are recommended.
Studies on the Enzymatic Defect of Orotic Aciduria.
Authors: L. H. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Studies on the Enzymatic Defect of Orotic Aciduria.L. H. Smith Jr., M.D.L. H. Smith Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-678_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOrotic aciduria is a rare metabolic disease characterized by megaloblastic anemia, resistant to the usual hematinic agents, and the presence of large amounts of urinary orotic acid, a pyrimidine nucleotide precusor. Studies on the surviving siblings and the parents of the propositus of orotic aciduria have demonstrated decreased erythrocyte activities of orotidylic pyrophosphorylase and orotidylic decarboxylase, enzymes which convert orotic acid into uridylic acid. The pattern of inheritance is consistent with that of an autosomal recessive trait. TwoEntamoeba colimutants and a neurospora crassa mutant with somewhat analogous enzyme defects have been studied as examples of "microbiological orotic aciduria."... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Mass. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 678-678KeywordsEnzymesMegaloblastic anemiaMetabolic disorders Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Fatal Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Associated With Cetuximab in a Patient With Colon Cancer
Authors: Wan-Lung Lin, Wen-Chi Lin, Jui-Yung Yang, Ya-Ching Chang, Hsin-Chun Ho, Li-Cheng Yang, Chih-Hsun Yang, Shuen-Iu Hung, Wen-Hung Chung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)
Application of Tumor Measurement–Based Metrics in the Real World
Authors: Ming-Wen An, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, Daniel J. Sargent
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

■■■ TO THE EDITOR: Claret et al 1 present a model-based approach to predict overall survival from tumor measurement‐ based metrics and apply it to clinical trials data. Based on our experience with real-world clinical trials data, we recognize both the importance of improved metrics to evaluate new agents and the inherent challenges to identifying alternative tumor measurement‐based metrics. So we congratulate the authors on their work. We, however, have several questions about the authors’ approach that require clarification. First, the definition of time to tumor growth (TTG) is not clear for all patients. For example, for patients whose tumors plateau at the nadir, a value for TTG can be calculated, but it does not accurately reflect time to tumor growth. Furthermore, forpatientswhosetumorskeepshrinkingforthedurationofthe trial follow-up, TTG is censored at the last follow-up and it is unclear what value to assign TTG for these patients. One could define the TTG as the time on-study, but this may introduce bias. Second, were the Cox models time-dependent or landmarked? Or did the authors adopt a fixed-point analysis with time starting at baseline? In that case, the tumor-size response metrics are treated as baseline variables but are not in fact baseline. Third (and possibly related to our second question), how did the authors handle missing lesions or multiple measurements in the analysis (both of which are very common in practice)? Finally, how were patients who experienced clinical progression, went off-study because of toxicity, or developed new lesions handled in the analysis? In our experience, the number of patients going off-therapy for these reasons exceeds the number going off-treatment with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors‐based progression (growth) of existing lesions. 2 Clarification of these issues will aid in the necessary validations of this promising approach in larger datasets, for patients withadditionaltumortypes,andfortherapieswithothermechanisms of action. We also caution that, in many diseases, the ability for any metric associated with first-line therapy to predict subsequent survival will be likely compromised as time from progression on first-line therapy until death is delayed by the availability of multiple effective therapies. 3
Aluminum-Containing Emboli in Infants Treated with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Carole Vogler, Cirilo Sotelo-Avila, David Lagunoff, Paul Braun, John A. Schreifels, Thomas Weber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

We found fibrin thrombi or thromboemboli at autopsy in 22 of 23 infants with respiratory failure who had been treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In addition, distinctive basophilic aluminum-containing emboli were found in 12 of the infants; the distribution of these emboli was similar to that of the thromboemboli, except that an aluminum-containing embolus was found in a lung in only 1 infant. Sixteen infants had pulmonary thrombi or thromboemboli. We also found friable aluminum-containing concretions adhering loosely to the mixing rods of heat exchangers that had been used to warm the blood flowing through the ECMO circuit; such concretions were not present on unused mixing rods. We propose that these aluminum-containing concretions developed as the silicone coating of the heat exchanger wore away and aluminum metal was exposed to warm, oxygenated blood and that fragments of aluminum-containing concretions formed emboli. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that aluminum-containing emboli were generally not present in the lungs, which are bypassed by ECMO. Although infarcts were found in 16 of the 23 infants, we cannot be certain whether any of the infarcts were caused by the aluminum-containing emboli.
Acute Intake of Radionuclides Immediately After the Incident as the Main Contributor of the Internal Radiation Exposure After Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Disaster
Authors: Masaharu Tsubokura, Kenji Shibuya, Shigeaki Kato, Tomoyoshi Oikawa, Yukio Kanazawa
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Also, this study showed that the detected cesium was mainly derived from the acute intake of radionuclides immediately after the incident.Acute IRE is much more significant than measurable chronic IRE after a certain period in the health risk assessment of the nuclear disaster.It is important to calculate the internal radiation doses immediately after the incident to predict future health risks, particularly for younger generations; however, we had lost the opportunity to obtain actual values of IRE at the acute stages.Although committed effective dose might be predictable based on the assumed scenarios using available environmental monitoring data or the results of in vivo measurements performed after a certain period from the incident, these estimations could vary with methods and the assumption. 6Our case clearly demonstrates the necessity of personal in vivo measurements as soon as possible after the nuclear disaster to make an accurate prediction for future health risks of radiation.
Drug survival is not significantly different between biologics in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: a single‐centre database analysis
Authors: S.P. Menting, A.S. Sitaram, H.M. Bonnerjee‐van der Stok, M.A. Rie, L. Hooft, Ph.I. Spuls
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Drug survival depends on several factors such as dosing, effectiveness, quality-of-life improvement and safety, and could be seen as an overall marker for treatment success. Such data for biologics in psoriasis treatment are sparse.To determine differences in drug survival between different biologics for psoriasis.Drug survival, dosing, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Skindex-29 at weeks 12 and 52, and adverse events of patients with psoriasis treated with a biologic registered in the local database of the Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, were analysed. Patients were divided into those naive or non-naive for treatment episodes with biologics.Drug survival did not differ significantly for naive treatment episodes between the biologics (etanercept 85% to 64%, adalimumab 77% to 77%, infliximab 75% to 75% for year 1-4), or for non-naive treatment episodes (etanercept 86% to 42%, adalimumab 84% to 56%, infliximab 68% to 43% for year 1-4; ustekinumab 84% to 57% for year 1-3). The naive group showed better drug survival and PASI 75 response at week 12, although the difference was not significant. A similar improvement of mean ∆PASI and mean ∆Skindex-29 was observed at weeks 12 and 52 for all biologics for both groups, although no significant difference was seen between groups. Treatment termination was due mainly to nonresponse for all biologics.There was no significant difference in drug survival, mean ∆PASI or Skindex-29 response at weeks 12 or 52 between the biologics or between the naive and non-naive groups. Treatment termination was due mostly to nonresponse. Sequential treatment with the available biologics can be effective.
Birth of a Clearinghouse
Authors: Lois F Lipsett
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

In 1976 the National Commission on Diabetes recommended the establishment of a diabetes information and education clearinghouse on a national level. This undertaking was initiated by the Director, National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and plans were developed in 1977. Printed diabetes materials for patients, professionals, and the public are being gathered and will be annotated and then published as subject bibliographies. In addition, The Diabetes Clearinghouse will coordinate and encourage diabetes-related education and information activities and efforts throughout the United States.
Call to Action: Cardiovascular Disease in Asian Americans
Authors: Latha P. Palaniappan, Maria Rosario G. Araneta, Themistocles L. Assimes, Elizabeth L. Barrett-Connor, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Michael H. Criqui, Gordon L. Fung, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Hamang Patel, Ruth E. Taylor-Piliae, Peter W.F. Wilson, Nathan D. Wong
Journal: Circulation (2010)
STDs, IVF, and barrier contraception
Authors: M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Worldwide, approximately 5000 children have been born as the result of in vitro fertilization (IVF). In the United States alone, there are about 1 million cases of pelvic inflammatory disease each year. If we assume that 130 000 to 500 000 of these cases lead to tubal occlusion, 1 then in the United States alone in one month or less, pelvic inflammatory disease creates more new cases of infertility than have been successfully treated by all IVF programs in the world since Louise Brown was born in 1978. Recently, it has been demonstrated that use of condoms and spermicides reduces the risk of acquiring chlamydial infections and other sexually transmitted diseases and reduces the risk of infertility. 2,3 In a relatively short span of time, the active promotion of the use of condoms and spermicides to those at risk of tubal disease could prevent more cases of infertility than IVF
Human exposure monitoring and evaluation in the Arctic: the importance of understanding exposures to the development of public health policy.
Authors: William A Suk, Maureen D Avakian, David Carpenter, John D Groopman, Madeleine Scammell, Christopher P Wild
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Arctic indigenous peoples face significant challenges resulting from the contamination of Arctic air, water, and soil by persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and radionuclides. International cooperative efforts among governments and research institutions are under way to collect the information needed by environmental health scientists and public health officials to address environmental contamination in the Arctic. However, the climatic, political, and cultural conditions of the land and its native populations combine to present a unique set of scientific and logistic challenges to addressing this important public health issue. Public health officials have the responsibility to respect the cultural traditions of indigenous communities, while simultaneously designing strategies that will reduce their exposure to environmental contaminants and rates of disease and dysfunction. Researchers can better understand the link between environmental exposures and disease through monitoring programs for both the subsistence diets and health status of the indigenous populations. We suggest that the incorporation of community-based participatory research methods into programs designed to assess biomarkers of contaminant exposure in children and adults may be a valuable addition to ongoing and newly developed research programs. This approach could serve as a model for international environmental health initiatives, because it involves the participation of the local communities and seeks to builds trust between all stakeholders.
The Cost-effectiveness of Cervical Cancer Screening for Low-Income Elderly Women
Authors: Jeanne S. Mandelblatt
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Controversy surrounds prevention policy for the elderly. While some cost-effectiveness analyses have been done for the general elderly population, to our knowledge no study has examined the provision of preventive services to a low-income elderly population. We conducted a study of the cost-effectiveness of a cervical cancer screening program for infrequently screened elderly women attending an urban municipal hospital clinic. The results of Papanicolaou testing were abnormal (malignant or premalignant) in 11 of 816 women screened. This early detection of cervical neoplasia saved +5907 and 3.7 years of life per 100 Papanicolaou tests. When average medical costs per year of life extended by screening were included, the program cost +2874 per year of life saved. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses performed on competing medical and economic points of view did not change the conclusion of a favorable cost-effectiveness ratio for screening. Our findings indicate that the benefits from some prevention programs for the elderly can offset the costs of these programs. More research is needed to guide public policy on prevention for selected population groups.
AN UNUSUAL COMBINATION OF CONDITIONS PRODUCING APPENDICITIS
Authors: P. S. ROSSITER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

has been no nausea or vomiting, no chills or fever.She has not lost ilesh or strength.Physical Examination.-Well-nourishedgirl, noticeably lethargic, slow and indefinite, in answering questions.Com- plexion is sallow, pupils equal and react to light and accommo- dation.Tongue is moist, white and heavily coated.Heavy pigmentation of areolae around the nipples.Nipples not erec- tile; no secretion expressible; breast flabby.Examination of chest revealed nothing abnormal.Except for uniform bulging in hypogastrium, the abdomen is normal in contour.No pig- mentation or striae, no muscular rigidity.A mass, the size of a large grapefruit, is palpable in the hypogastrium; freely movable from side to side, but immovable up or down.Pres- sure elicits slight tenderness.The surface is stony hard and slightly nodular.No fetal movements; auscultation revealed no fetal heart or uterine souille.Vaginal examination under ether showed an intact hymen, small firm cervix, and small hard uterus not connected with
Exposures to acidic aerosols.
Authors: J D Spengler, G J Keeler, P Koutrakis, P B Ryan, M Raizenne, C A Franklin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Ambient monitoring of acid aerosols in four U.S. cities and in a rural region of southern Ontario clearly show distinct periods of strong acidity. Measurements made in Kingston, TN, and Steubenville, OH, resulted in 24-hr H+ ion concentrations exceeding 100 nmole/m3 more than 10 times during summer months. Periods of elevated acidic aerosols occur less frequently in winter months. The H+ determined during episodic conditions in southern Ontario indicates that respiratory tract deposition can exceed the effects level reported in clinical studies. Observed 12-hr H+ concentrations exceeded 550 nmole/m3 (approximately 27 micrograms/m3 H2SO4). The maximum estimated 1-hr concentration exceeded 1500 nmole/m3 for H+ ions. At these concentrations, an active child might receive more than 2000 nmole of H+ ion in 12 hr and in excess of 900 nmole during the hour when H2SO4 exceeded 50 micrograms/m3.
Expression of CCR-7, MIP-3β, and Th-1 chemokines in type I IFN-induced monocyte-derived dendritic cells: importance for the rapid acquisition of potent migratory and functional activities
Authors: Stefania Parlato, Stefano M. Santini, Caterina Lapenta, Tiziana Di Pucchio, Mariantonia Logozzi, Massimo Spada, Anna Maria Giammarioli, Walter Malorni, Stefano Fais, Filippo Belardelli
Journal: Blood (2001)
Note on the Systematic Effect of Hydrochloric Acid in Patients with Achlorhydria
Authors: ROGER S. HUBBARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 March 1931Note on the Systematic Effect of Hydrochloric Acid in Patients with AchlorhydriaROGER S. HUBBARD, Ph. D.ROGER S. HUBBARD, Ph. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-9-1203 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPhysicians who feed hydrochloric acid to patients with achlorhydria sometimes seem to think that they are employing a form of replacement therapy as they do when they inject insulin into diabetics or when they feed thyroid to myxedematous subjects. Such similies are not correct. Hydrochloric acid secreted by the stomach is formed by the gastric glands from material in the blood stream. As a result of this withdrawal of acid ions the reaction of the body fluids tend to become more alkaline. Later the hydrochloric acid is neutralized in the intestinal canal. The ultimate source of the alkali for this... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Clifton Springs, N. Y.*From the laboratories of the Clifton Springs Sanitarium and Clinic, Clifton Springs, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1931Volume 4, Issue 9Page: 1203-1205KeywordsAchlorhydriaBloodBody fluidsGastric mucosaHydrochloric acidInsulinRiversStomachThyroid Issue Published: 1 March 1931 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Diagnosis of Operable Carcinoma of the Stomach*
Authors: CHARLES S. MCVICAR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 September 1927The Diagnosis of Operable Carcinoma of the Stomach*CHARLES S. MCVICAR, M.D. (Tor.), JOSEPH DALY, M.B. (Tor.)CHARLES S. MCVICAR, M.D. (Tor.)Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH DALY, M.B. (Tor.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-3-145 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe study here reported was undertaken with the object of estimating the relative importance of various criteria in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach. It seemed particularly desirable to assess the value of diagnostic evidence in operable as distinguished from inoperable carcinoma. Our data were obtained from the histories of cases of carcinoma of the stomach diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic from 1920 to 1924 inclusive.SELECTION OF CASESRecurrent cases were excluded. In order that we might have some basis for contrast and comparison, the cases in which operation was not performed were classified according to the reasons... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Medicine Mayo ClinicThe Mayo Foundation Rochester, Minnesota PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMagen 1 September 1927Volume 1, Issue 3Page: 145-160KeywordsStomach Issue Published: 1 September 1927 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A mouse organotypic tissue culture model for autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis
Authors: S. Rosenberger, A. Dick, S. Latzko, I. Hausser, H.-J. Stark, M. Rauh, H. Schneider, P. Krieg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCIs) are keratinization disorders caused by impaired skin barrier function. Mutations in the genes encoding the lipoxygenases 12R-LOX and eLOX-3 are the second most common cause of ARCIs. In recent years, human skin equivalents recapitulating the ARCI phenotype have been established.To develop a murine organotypic tissue culture model for ARCI.Epidermal keratinocytes were isolated from newborn 12R-LOX-deficient mice and cocultivated with mouse dermal fibroblasts embedded in a scaffold of native collagen type I.With this experimental set-up the keratinocytes formed a well-organized multilayered stratified epithelium resembling skin architecture in vivo. All epidermal layers were present and the keratinocytes within showed the characteristic morphological features. Markers for differentiation and maturation indicated regular epidermal morphogenesis. The major components of epidermal structures were expressed, and were obviously processed and assembled properly. In contrast to their wild-type counterparts, 12R-LOX-deficient skin equivalents showed abnormal vesicular structures in the upper epidermal layers correlating with altered lipid composition and increased transepidermal water loss, comparable with 12R-LOX-deficient mice.The mouse skin equivalents faithfully recapitulate the 12R-LOX-deficient phenotype observed in vivo, classifying them as appropriate in vitro models to study molecular mechanisms involved in the development of ARCI and to evaluate novel therapeutic agents. In contrast to existing human three-dimensional skin models, the generation of these murine models is not constrained by a limited supply of material and does not depend on in vitro expansion and/or genetic manipulations that could result in inadvertent genotypic and phenotypic alterations.