tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CCL18 is expressed in patients with bullous pemphigoid and parallels disease course
Authors: C. Günther, N. Carballido-Perrig, T. Kopp, J.M. Carballido, C. Pfeiffer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

The autoimmune skin disease bullous pemphigoid (BP) is characterized by subepidermal blister formation and a strong dermal infiltrate of mononuclear cells and eosinophils as well as a T-helper (Th) 2-dominated cytokine milieu. CCL18 is a chemokine, with unknown receptor counterpart, frequently associated with inflammatory Th2-type responses.The study was performed to investigate an association of CCL18 with BP.CCL18 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum and blister fluid of patients with BP, pemphigus vulgaris and healthy individuals. In vitro chemotaxis assays were performed to demonstrate migration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to BP blister fluid. Immunohistology and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate CCL18 expression in skin.We have found that the levels of CCL18 in sera from patients with BP are 84% higher than those normally observed in healthy individuals. In addition, blister fluid of patients with BP is extremely rich in CCL18, reaching concentrations which are fivefold and sevenfold higher than those found in the sera of patients with BP and healthy individuals, respectively. Using immunofluorescence techniques we identified Langerhans cells, antigen-presenting cells of the dermis and eosinophils as producers of CCL18 in BP skin. We studied the possibility of using CCL18 expression as a biomarker linked to BP by monitoring the serum levels of CCL18 and the disease course of nine patients with BP over a maximum period of 54 months. In this study, CCL18 levels correlated with the disease course in most of the patients.Our data implicate CCL18 as a functionally relevant chemokine in BP, mediating recruitment of blood mononuclear cells into the hallmark infiltrated skin lesion. The high correlation of CCL18 expression and BP disease suggests that blood levels of this chemokine can be used as an easy method to monitor disease progression and/or efficacy of therapeutic interventions.
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide
Authors: Neil C. Davidson, Craig S. Barr, Allan D. Struthers
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Atrial and B-type natriuretic peptide are both known to be antagonists of the renin-angiotensin system. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a new member of this family except that its principal source is the vascular endothelium. This study tested the hypothesis that CNP is a local inhibitor of vascular angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity. Methods and Results Vascular ACE activity was assessed by the differential vascular response to angiotensin I and angiotensin II. Healthy male volunteers were studied with the use of brachial artery infusions of angiotensin I and angiotensin II at two doses, with and without coinfusion of CNP at 500 pmol/min (n=8) and hydralazine at 10 μg/min (n=8) (as a nonspecific vasodilator control). CNP alone and hydralazine alone caused similar increases in forearm blood flow (CNP+, 93.0±14.8%; hydralazine+, 84.2±22.6%). CNP inhibited the vasoconstrictive effect of angiotensin I (reduction in overall effect with CNP, 56.8±12.9%; P &lt;.001) but not that of angiotensin II. Hydralazine did not significantly inhibit the effect of either angiotensin I or angiotensin II. Conclusions This evidence of a differential effect of CNP on the vascular response to angiotensin I but not to angiotensin II suggests that CNP acts as a local endogenous regulator of vascular ACE activity in the human forearm resistance vessels.
Invasive Aspergillosis in a patient with Asthma post H1N1 PneumoniaD Nayar1, Cook P1, Lim L1, Allison D1, Denning D2County Durham and Darlington Foundation Trust1National Aspergillosis Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester2
Authors: Deepa Nayar, Peter Cook, Ling Lim, David Allison, David W. Denning
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
Food and food additives in severe atopic dermatitis
Authors: H. P. VAN BEVER, M. DOCX, W. J. STEVENS
Journal: Allergy (1989)

In this study the role of food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid, was investigated by double‐blind placebo‐controlled challenges (DBPCC) in 25 children with severe atopic dermatitis (AD). All children challenged with foods ( n = 24), except one, showed one or more positive reactions to the DBPCC with foods. Positive reactions presented as different combinations of flares of skin symptoms, intestinal symptoms and respiratory symptoms. Seventeen children (70.8%) showed a positive challenge to egg, 12 to wheat (50%), eight to milk (33.3%) and eight to soya (33.3%). Six children underwent DBPCC with food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid. All were found to demonstrate positive skin and/or intestinal reactions to at least one of the food additives. Two children reacted to tartrazine, three to sodium benzoate, two to sodium glutamate, two to sodium metabisulfite, four to acetylsalicylic acid and one to tyramine. It is concluded that some foods, food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid, can cause positive DBPCC in children with severe AD.
Systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with clinical diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy. Relation to symptoms and prognosis.
Authors: C S Rihal, R A Nishimura, L K Hatle, K R Bailey, A J Tajik
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Dilated cardiomyopathy is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with congestive heart failure. Hemodynamic and prognostic characterization are critical in guiding selection of medical and surgical therapies.A cohort of 102 patients with the clinical diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy who underwent echocardiographic examination between 1986 and 1990 was identified and followed up through July 1, 1991. Patients with moderate or severe symptoms had lower indices of systolic function and greater left atrial and right ventricular dilation. Mitral inflow Doppler signals were characterized by a restrictive left ventricular filling pattern. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, deceleration time, ejection fraction, and peak E velocity were independently associated with symptom status. Over a mean follow-up of 36 months, 35 patients died. Kaplan-Meier estimated survival at 1, 2, and 4 years was 84%, 73%, and 61%, respectively, and was significantly poorer than that of an age- and sex-matched population. The subgroup with an ejection fraction < 0.25 and deceleration time < 130 milliseconds had a 2-year survival of only 35%. The subgroup with ejection fraction < 0.25 and deceleration time > 130 milliseconds had an intermediate 2-year survival of 72%, whereas patients with an ejection fraction > or = 0.25 had 2-year survivals > or = 95% regardless of deceleration time. In multivariate analysis, ejection fraction and systolic blood pressure were independently predictive of subsequent mortality. Mitral deceleration time was significant in univariate analysis.In patients with the clinical diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy, markers of diastolic dysfunction correlated strongly with congestive symptoms, whereas variables of systolic function were the strongest predictors of survival. Consideration of both ejection fraction and deceleration time allowed identification of subgroups with divergent long-term prognoses.
Circumcision and Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: David D. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Spach, Stapleton, and Stamm<sup>1</sup>are to be commended on their attempt to show that the lack of circumcision increases the risk of UTI in young men; however, several confounding variables in this study inherently flaw its design. The numerous limitations of a chart review are noted by the authors. Urinary tract infection was defined retrospectively by a patient's documented complaints and by a positive urine culture. This was achieved without benefit of a urinalysis, nor was there any standardized method of determining which patients had urine cultures and which did not. Chart review in this case failed to provide any information regarding previous history of UTI, presence of any urogenital abnormality, or recent genitourinary instrumentation. I submit that these omissions are confounding variables that make the authors' conclusions invalid. Moreover, the small sample size prohibited any multivariate analysis of other potential confounding variables despite the
A modified double dye injection method for pulmonary blood volume determination. III. Validation in man
Authors: J. MENSCH-DECHENE, B. RANSON-BITKER, J. R. CALDERA, L. BRIANCON, A. LOCKHART
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

The object of this study was to validate the use of pulmonary wedge injection for the determination of pulmonary blood volume (PBV) in man by the double injection method. By combining unilateral pulmonary occlusion (UPAO) with arterial dye dilution curves, we were able to show that unilateral PBV computed from PW curves and from an independent method showed no significant or consistent difference.
Coping With Childhood Cancer: Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Denis R. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Cancer is the major medical cause of death in children between the ages of 1 and 15 years. The annual incidence in the United States is 130 cases per million infants, children, and adolescents, accounting for approximately 6500 new cases annually. Invariably fatal 25 years ago, today cancer is curable in over half of children. This remarkable achievement is the result of more accurate diagnosis, more effective multimodality therapy, selected use of bone marrow transplantation, and improved supportive care. An important component of supportive care is addressing the psychosocial needs and adjustment of children with cancer and their families. Health care professionals involved in childhood cancer are keenly aware of the improved prognosis in virtually every malignancy. Accordingly, preparation for long-term survival rather than anticipatory grieving and preparation for relapse and death is the prime strategy for psychosocial support today. This is particularly true at the time of diagnosis of
Blithesomeness in Area 2
Authors: Alfred Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Mirabile dictu! I say this because Dr. Eddy Palmer's "Right Lower Quadrant Pain in the Teen-Aged Girl" (228:1682, 1974) stresses two totally inconsistent areas: (1) the great value of a careful history taken while observing the girl's emotional reactions, motivations, and responses to stress in the past, and (2) the "many experienced pediatricians" who decide such symptomatology represents a "quasimalingering form of emotional response to the superficial problem of growing up" and who then presumably recommend to "ignore the sick girl." I fail to understand how a most valid concept in area 1 can "put down" our friends, the experienced pediatricians, so blithely in area 2.
BRUCELLA ABORTUS INFECTION IN MAN: REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: I. J. Davies, W. C. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1929)

WpE have been investigating the after-resiilts of all cases of pernicions anaemia admitted to the Maiichester Royal Infirmary during and since 1925, and are publishing our preliminary observations in the hope that they will be of interest to other workers investigating this disease.The cases fall naturally into two sectionis: (a).Those that received the usual treatment of arsenic and hydrochloric acid before the introductioni of the Muirphy-Minot diet.(b) Those that received the liver treatment, often in addition to the drugs mentioned.The total number of cases studied has been 80, of which 47 belong to the first group and 33 to the second.Briefly our observations are as follows.1. Of the 33 patients who left the hospital on the liver diet about 50 per cent.are very well and 15 per cent. in good health except for tlhe symptoms of subacute combined
NHS cancels record number of operations in England
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The number of cancelled elective operations rose to record levels last year in NHS hospitals in England. In 1998-9 more than 56000 NHS operations were cancelled on the day they were due to go ahead—an increase of 12% over the previous 12 months—according to a report from the independent National Audit Office (NAO).

The report shows that hospitals also failed to treat over 9000 patients within one month of their cancelled operation. This was 29% more than in the year before. Twenty per cent of patients waited longer for emergency treatment …
EARLY GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT ON CARDIAC MRI IS USEFUL TO DETECT IMPAIRED REGIONAL FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY AND REMODELING OF LEFT VENTRICLE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Michitomo Kawahito, Shingo Ota, Tomomasa Takamiya, Yoichi Tsutano, Norio Kanamori, Ryota Matsuoka, Makoto Araki, Hitoshi Tanio, Makoto Kondo, Ryuichi Hattori, Takeshi Aoyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Influence of Simultaneous Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy on Bronchoscopic Findings and Lung Function in Patients with Locally Advanced Proximal Esophageal Cancer
Authors: MARTIN RIEDEL, HUBERT J. STEIN, LEONARD MOUNYAM, FRANK ZIMMERMANN, ULRICH FINK, JÖRG R. SIEWERT
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

To assess the bronchoscopic and lung function changes induced by preoperative radiochemotherapy (30 Gy radiation and 5-fluorouracil) in patients with proximal esophageal cancer, we prospectively compared the findings in 77 consecutive patients before and after the therapy. All patients completed the radiochemotherapy protocol; toxicity was minimal. Sixty-four patients underwent surgery, 48 had total gross removal of disease, and six had a complete histologic response. Of the 13 patients who developed apparent direct macroscopic signs of tumor invasion into the airways during therapy, histologic proof of cancer was obtained in only one of the abnormalities. Bronchoscopy was falsely negative in six patients in whom airway invasion of the cancer was found at surgery. Neoadjuvant therapy led to no systematic changes in the appearance of the uninvolved tracheal mucosa; microscopically, an increase in postinflammatory changes, hyperplasia, and metaplasia was found. There was no significant change in the values of lung function parameters after the therapy. No patient developed symptoms suggestive of radiation-induced lung changes, although in one of them, subtle radiologic features consistent with radiation pneumonitis were found. No patient died of postoperative pulmonary complications. The interpretation of bronchoscopy in the assessment of airway invasion of esophageal cancer after radiochemotherapy is more difficult than at baseline staging; the positive predictive value of macroscopic abnormalities without microscopic proof of cancer is low, and even with extensive sampling for histology and cytology, the procedure was falsely negative in 9.4%. Neoadjuvant therapy did not induce radiation pneumonitis or changes in lung function that could be of concern at the following operation.
Coronary Revascularization in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Benny Tu, Ben Rich, Christopher Labos, James M. Brophy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

The optimal revascularization technique in diabetic patients is an important unresolved question.To compare long-term outcomes between the revascularization techniques of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).English-language publications in PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid, and EMBASE between 1 January 1990 and 1 June 2014.Two investigators independently reviewed randomized, controlled trials comparing PCI (with drug-eluting or bare-metal stents) with CABG in adults with diabetes with multivessel or left main coronary artery disease.Study design, quality, patient characteristics, length of follow-up, and outcomes were extracted. For duplicate publications, outcomes were obtained from the publication with the longest follow-up.40 studies were combined using a Bayesian network meta-analysis that accounted for the variation in stent choice. The primary outcome, a composite of all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke, increased with PCI (odds ratio [OR], 1.33 [95% credible interval {CrI}, 1.01 to 1.65]). Percutaneous coronary intervention resulted in increased mortality (OR, 1.44 [CrI, 1.05 to 1.91]), no change in the number of myocardial infarctions (OR, 1.33 [CrI, 0.86 to 1.95]), and fewer strokes (OR, 0.56 [CrI, 0.36 to 0.88]).Study design and length of follow-up were heterogeneous, and results were driven primarily by a single study. Costs and nonvascular complications of the interventions were not examined.Coronary artery bypass grafting seems to be the preferred revascularization technique in diabetics, especially if long-term survival is anticipated. However, because of residual uncertainties and increased risk for stroke with CABG, clinical judgment is required when choosing a revascularization technique in patients with diabetes.Fonds de recherche du Québec-Santé.
Primary Health Care in Low-Income Countries
Authors: Jeffrey D. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What Does Clinical Research in Psychosomatics Imply?
Authors: Adolph-Ernst Meyer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

As animal experiments are no adequate substitute, clinical research in psychosomatics is indispensable. In this domain the complexities of the human mind engender a host of pitfalls. Five of these are illustrated by concrete examples, and countermeasures are discussed. Patient selection processes must be evaded by field studies or be elucidated and described carefully. Observer influence is circumvened by non-obtrusive measurement or by keeping subjects 'naive'. The choice of variables to be studied is an open-ended venture. Instead of adhering to the homogeneity myth, we should search for clinically relevant subgroups. The post-propter problem needs more prospective studies.
Implantation of stents for aortic coarctation: resulting pressure gradients at rest and during exercise: studies in a pulsatile aortic in vitro model of post stent coarctation
Authors: Sebastian T. Schindera, Xiaokui Li, George D. Giraud, Huifang Wang, Monica T. Young, Julia C. Swanson-Birchill, Muhammad Ashraf, Grant H. Burch, Deniz Kececioglu, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The influence of nutrition on methyl mercury intoxication.
Authors: L Chapman, H M Chan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

This article reviews progress in the research of methyl mercury (MeHg) and nutrient interactions during the past two decades. Special emphasis is placed on the following three major areas: a) effects on kinetics, b) effects on toxicity, and c) possible mechanisms. Dietary information is not usually collected in most epidemiologic studies examining of the effects of MeHg exposure. However, inconsistency of the MeHg toxicity observed in different populations is commonly attributed to possible effects of dietary modulation. Even though the mechanisms of interaction have not been totally elucidated, research in nutritional toxicology has provided insights into the understanding of the effects of nutrients on MeHg toxicity. Some of this information can be readily incorporated into the risk assessment of MeHg in the diets of fish-eating populations. It is also clear that there is a need for more studies designed specifically to address the role of nutrition in the metabolism and detoxification of MeHg. It is also important to collect more detailed dietary information in future epidemiologic studies of MeHg exposure.
HIGH SENSITIVITY THYROTROPIN MEASUREMENT IN THE EVALUATION OF THYROID FUNCTION
Authors: A. R. Sharpe
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Thyroid function tests traditionally consist of a thyroid profile with determination of total T4, T3 RIA, and calculated tree thyroxine index. In order to increase the accuracy of thyroid testing and avoid the errors inherent in the thyroid profile, high sensitivity TSH has been performed in euthyroid, hyper and hypothyroid subjects and compared with serum free thyroxine (SFT4). Euthyroid subjects (N=65) SFT4 < 2.4 were found to have TSH values ranging from 0.3 to 3.5 uU/ml. Hyperthyroid patients (N=16) SFT4 > 2.4 had TSH values of less than 0.3 uU/ml and hypothyroid subjects (N=8), SFT4 less than 1.0 ug/dl had TSH values of < 3.5 uU/ml range 5–30. High sensitivity TSH assay method clearly separates normals from hyper and hypothyroid subjects and may be used in conjunction with SFT4 to replace current tests of thyroid function.
Protecting Boxers Who Won't Quit
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

MOVES to regulate boxing, in the interest of boxers' health and safety, are growing more forceful—and proponents aren't pulling any punches. At the Seventh International Symposium on the Medical Aspects of Boxing, held in New York, NY, speakers called for the establishment of a national regulatory agency for the sport in the United States. This agency would enforce uniform medical standards to be followed in all states. Currently, the rules governing professional boxing and enforcement of these rules vary widely. Some states, such as New York, set high standards, including prefight physical examinations that are administered through the state's athletic commission. Other states, such as Oklahoma, have no regulatory body at all. Boxing officials say that a fighter who is denied a license to fight in New York will go to another state that has no medical standards, or that may not perform tests that are routine in New York.