tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LV aneurysms by M-mode echo.
Authors: J G Greenwald
Journal: Circulation (1977)

datal'3 to be too extensive to be explained only by salvation of the cells in the jeopardized zone.Concerning the data on treated pa- tients the treatment was started 13 hours after the onset of chest pain,1' 2 and it is hard to understand that the effect of treatment at this stage can be so extensive.According to the computed curves most of the irreversible damage is already done, and the cells that are candidates for salvage at this point seem to be only a small por- tion of the total.Yet the authors describe a reduction of infarct size from 53 CPK gram-equivalents to 27 in the reported case of trimet- aphane treatment in a hypertensive patient.The work referred to has gained much attention and in principle the hypothesis is extremely interesting.Based on the published data, however, the reader is left with serious doubts as to whether there is not an effect on the CPK activity of the already released amount of enzyme that overshadows the effect that the authors are really looking for.We would appreciate an explanation from the authors on these two points.
Effect of Corticosteroids on Blood Salicylate Concentration
Authors: James R. Klinenberg
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Administration of a constant dosage of salicylate during the tapering of corticosteroid dosage resulted in a significant increase in the blood salicylate concentration in four patients, in one of whom, a young boy, severe salicylate intoxication developed. The simultaneous administration of corticosteroids and salicylate resulted in a blood salicylate concentration that was lower than expected. The renal clearance of salicylate was increased after corticosteroid administration in three of five subjects studied. The ability of corticosteroids to increase glomerular filtration rate and diminish tubular reabsorption of water might partially explain their ability to increase the clearance of salicylate.
Randomised controlled trial of patient education to encourage graded exercise in chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: P. Powell
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the efficacy of an educational intervention explaining symptoms to encourage graded exercise in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> Chronic fatigue clinic and infectious diseases outpatient clinic. <b>Subjects:</b> 148 consecutively referred patients fulfilling Oxford criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome. <b>Interventions:</b> Patients randomised to the control group received standardised medical care. Patients randomised to intervention received two individual treatment sessions and two telephone follow up calls, supported by a comprehensive educational pack, describing the role of disrupted physiological regulation in fatigue symptoms and encouraging home based graded exercise. The minimum intervention group had no further treatment, but the telephone intervention group received an additional seven follow up calls and the maximum intervention group an additional seven face to face sessions over four months. <b>Main outcome measure:</b> A score of 25 or an increase of 10 on the SF-36 physical functioning subscale (range 10 to 30) 12 months after randomisation. <b>Results:</b> 21 patients dropped out, mainly from the intervention groups. Intention to treat analysis showed 79 (69%) of patients in the intervention groups achieved a satisfactory outcome in physical functioning compared with two (6%) of controls, who received standardised medical care (P&lt;0.0001). Similar improvements were observed in fatigue, sleep, disability, and mood. No significant differences were found between the three intervention groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> Treatment incorporating evidence based physiological explanations for symptoms was effective in encouraging self managed graded exercise. This resulted in substantial improvement compared with standardised medical care.
THE LANGUAGE OF MEDICINE
Authors: Bertel Skou
Journal: JAMA (1934)

To the Editor:—  The last paragraph of the editorial The Language of Medicine in the September 15 issue ofThe Journalis so important and interesting that more should be written about it.  Even if the language is far from perfect, an article written with the sincere desire to convey information may be interesting and hold the attention of its readers, as may also an article written to entertain. An informative medical article would hardly be suitable for displaying slang; but the writer is often guilty of an equally grave offense—the display of technical learning or high-sounding words.  A research worker who has made a profound study of a subject should not forget that the profession as a whole and even eminent scientists who specialize in other branches know little or nothing about what seems simple to him. When explaining the truth that he has discovered, he must discard every
NEW PROBLEMS OF THE ORTHOPEDIC SURGEON
Authors: C. B. FRANCISCO
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The practice of medicine is undergoing a definite change. There are many indications of this, such as the appointment of the various committees for the study of the cost of hospital care, the cost of medical education and other inquiries that are being made under the direction of the American Medical Association. In addition to this, there are many lay organizations that are interested in the prevention and care of the sick and disabled. The result of this activity up to the present time is quite evident in that no one can deny that there is now better supervision of all medical and surgical work and that a noticeable advancement has been made in the prevention of disease. Just what the further and ultimate effect is going to be one cannot say, but that it is important for the profession to take a vital interest in the movement so that
Hepatocytes as cytotoxic effector cells can induce cell death by CD95 ligand-mediated pathway
Authors: Clifford S. Guy, Jinguo Wang, Tomasz I. Michalak
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

The liver plays an increasingly recognized role in the host's immune responses. The direct contribution of hepatocytes as effector cells to local immunity, pathogen containment, and liver disease is not determined. This in vitro study examined whether hepatocytes can eliminate other cells via a CD95 ligand (CD95L or FasL)/CD95 (Fas)-mediated mechanism and whether this cytotoxic activity can be modulated by cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). We have found that normal woodchuck and human hepatocytes, both cultured and primary freshly isolated, as well as human HepG2 cells, intrinsically transcribe not only CD95 but also CD95L when examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. The functional competence of CD95L, which was detectable in hepatocytes and HepG2 cells by Western blotting, was confirmed in bioassays by induction of apoptosis of CD95-bearing P815 and LS102.9 cell targets and validated by inhibition of the cell killing with CD95 antagonistic antibody or with a general caspase inhibitor. Furthermore, exposure of cultured hepatocytes to IFN-gamma or their stable transfection with IFN-gamma cDNA or TNF-alpha cDNA increased hepatocyte CD95L/CD95-mediated cell killing. In conclusion, hepatocytes express both CD95L and CD95 and they can induce death of other cells by a CD95L-dependent mechanism. IFN-gamma and, to a lesser extent, TNF-alpha can enhance hepatocyte CD95L-mediated cytotoxicity. This suggests that the local cytokine environment may modulate the hepatocyte contribution to liver immunity.
Poly(ethylene oxide)‐<i>block</i>‐Polyphosphoester‐<i>graft</i>‐Paclitaxel Conjugates with Acid‐Labile Linkages as a pH‐Sensitive and Functional Nanoscopic Platform for Paclitaxel Delivery
Authors: Jiong Zou, Fuwu Zhang, Shiyi Zhang, Stephanie F. Pollack, Mahmoud Elsabahy, Jingwei Fan, Karen L. Wooley
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

There has been an increasing interest to develop new types of stimuli‐responsive drug delivery vehicles with high drug loading and controlled release properties for chemotherapeutics. An acid‐labile poly(ethylene oxide)‐ block ‐polyphosphoester‐ graft ‐PTX drug conjugate (PEO‐ b ‐PPE‐ g ‐PTX G2) degradable, polymeric paclitaxel (PTX) conjugate containing ultra‐high levels of PTX loading is improved significantly, in this second‐generation development, which involves connection of each PTX molecule to the polymer backbone via a pH‐sensitive β‐thiopropionate linkage. The PEO‐ b ‐PPE‐ g ‐PTX G2 forms well‐defined nanoparticles in an aqueous solution, by direct dissolution into water, with a number‐averaged hydrodynamic diameter of 114 ± 31 nm, and exhibits a PTX loading capacity as high as 53 wt%, with a maximum PTX concentration of 0.68 mg mL −1 in water (vs 1.7 μg mL −1 for free PTX). The PEO‐ b ‐PPE‐ g ‐PTX G2 shows accelerated drug release under acidic conditions (≈50 wt% PTX released in 8 d) compared with neutral conditions (≈20 wt% PTX released in 8 d). Compared to previously reported polyphosphoester‐based PTX drug conjugates, PEO‐ b ‐PPE‐ g ‐PTX G1 without the β‐thiopropionate linker, the PEO‐ b ‐PPE‐ g ‐PTX G2 shows pH‐triggered drug release property and 5‐ to 8‐fold enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines.
Serious Hepatitis A: An Analysis of Patients Hospitalized during an Urban Epidemic in the United States
Authors: Ira R. Willner, Mark D. Uhl, Scott C. Howard, Ernest Q. Williams, Caroline A. Riely, Bradford Waters
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Memphis and Shelby County, Tennessee, experienced an epidemic of hepatitis A in 1994 and 1995. More than 1700 cases were reported. Objective: To characterize the clinical features of patients hospitalized during a large urban epidemic of hepatitis A. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: 15 acute care hospitals in Shelby County, Tennessee. Patients: 256 patients hospitalized with acute hepatitis A. Measurements: Laboratory findings (such as prothrombin time and bilirubin level), complications, and mortality. Results: The median patient age was 26 years. Thirty-nine complications occurred in 35 patients. Twenty patients (8%) had extrahepatic complications, and 5 (2%) died. Patients 40 years of age and older were more likely to have serious complications, including death (P = 0.014). Sixty-seven patients (26%) presented with coagulopathy (prothrombin time ≥ 3 seconds prolonged). Fifty-four patients (21%) had a bilirubin level greater than 170 µmol/L (10 mg/dL). Conclusions: During this epidemic, hepatitis A caused serious illness and death. Complications were more frequent in patients 40 years of age and older, but young, healthy persons were also at risk for severe complications.
Government gives backing to Saatchi bill
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The UK government is supporting the Medical Innovation Bill, a private member’s bill aimed at encouraging doctors to try experimental treatments where all else has failed, without fear of litigation.

The bill, proposed by the Conservative peer Maurice Saatchi, whose wife, the poet Josephine Hart, died from ovarian cancer, has divided the medical profession. Some have welcomed it, while others say it is unnecessary or will encourage quackery or reckless experimentation on dying patients.1 But the backing of Jeremy Hunt, health secretary for England, greatly increases …
Anisakis Simplex and Ascaris Lumbricoides Inhibit the Allergic Response to Peanut in a Murine Model of Anaphylaxis
Authors: A. La Rotta, Y. Higaki, G. Marcos, J. Kilimajer, J.M. Zubeldia, M.L. Baeza
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Nanofluidic proteomic assay for serial analysis of oncoprotein activation in clinical specimens
Authors: Alice C Fan, Debabrita Deb-Basu, Mathias W Orban, Jason R Gotlib, Yasodha Natkunam, Roger O'Neill, Rose-Ann Padua, Liwen Xu, Daryl Taketa, Amy E Shirer, Shelly Beer, Ada X Yee, David W Voehringer, Dean W Felsher
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
The Heart Outright: A Comment on “If I Could Just Stop Loving You”
Authors: Neil McArthur
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

In one version of the Narcissus myth, Narcissus spurns a young suitor, Aminias, who is heartbroken as a result. Narcissus offers Aminias a sword to deal with his misery, which Aminias duly uses to ...
Postexposure Prophylaxis for Occupational Exposure to HIV
Authors: David Bangsberg, Ronald H. Goldschmidt
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Localization of Tc-99m Pertechnetate in Lymph Node Metastasis From Occult Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: KARUPPIAH KUMARESAN, R. A. SASTRY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 30-year-old woman had two lymph node masses in the left side of neck. The thyroid gland was found to be normal on physical examination. Tc-99m pertechnetate imaging showed normal uniform activity in the thyroid, whereas tracer was seen localized in one of the two cervical lymph node masses. The possibility of skin contamination was excluded by careful examination. Fine needle aspiration cytology from the lymph node suggested a metastatic deposit from papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Total thyroidectomy with dissection of the left cervical nodes was performed. The thyroid gland was normal in gross appearance, but histologically proved to be papillary carcinoma. Also, metastatic deposits were confirmed in the excised lymph nodes.
Frequency and Accuracy of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Children: Relationship to Glycemic Control
Authors: Rena R Wing, Danuta M Lamparski, Sarah Zaslow, Jean Betschart, Linda Siminerio, Dorothy Becker
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

We evaluated the long-term effects of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control in a large unselected group of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDD) children and adolescents (N = 282) treated at a diabetes clinic. Among those who had been taught SMBG techniques (N = 229) and reported frequency of use (N = 209), only 26% reported monitoring three or more times per day. HbA1 levels of patients who monitored their blood most frequently did not differ from those who monitored blood less frequently or those who monitored only urine. Likewise, HbA1 levels of patients who monitored with machines did not differ from Chemstrip bG users. Accuracy was assessed in a subsample of 100 randomly selected Chemstrip bG users by comparing their Chemstrip reading with a laboratory value. Fifty-eight percent of the readings were within 20% of the laboratory value. Accuracy did not relate to frequency of monitoring or to HbA1 levels. These data suggest that frequency and accuracy of SMBG are independent and that neither ensures good glycemic control.
Acute Emotional Stress and Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Roy C. Ziegelstein
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Episodes of acute emotional stress can have significant adverse effects on the heart. Acute emotional stress can produce left ventricular contractile dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, or disturbances of cardiac rhythm. Although these abnormalities are often only transient, their consequences can be gravely damaging and sometimes fatal. Despite the many descriptions of catastrophic cardiovascular events in the setting of acute emotional stress, the anatomical substrate and physiological pathways by which emotional stress triggers cardiovascular events are only now being characterized, aided by the advent of functional neuroimaging. Recent evidence indicates that asymmetric brain activity is particularly important in making the heart more susceptible to ventricular arrhythmias. Lateralization of cerebral activity during emotional stress may stimulate the heart asymmetrically and produce areas of inhomogeneous repolarization that create electrical instability and facilitate the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Patients with ischemic heart disease who survive an episode of sudden cardiac death in the setting of acute emotional stress should receive a β-blocker. Nonpharmacological approaches to manage emotional stress in patients with and without coronary artery disease, including social support, relaxation therapy, yoga, meditation, controlled slow breathing, and biofeedback, are also appropriate to consider and merit additional investigation in randomized trials.
Clinical skills in final year medical students
Authors: B. Tucker
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Like many older readers (I qualified in 1976), I have been somewhat bemused by Goodfellow and Claydon's report (October 2001 JRSM1), and the subsequent correspondence.

First of all, we should acknowledge that the students of today are at least as able as their fore- (and in many cases, real) fathers. The ‘failings’ in the eight core clinical skills (venepuncture, venous canulation, rectal examination, nasogastric intubation, suturing, urinary catheterization, ECT recording and arterial blood sampling) are significant because these, along with lumbar puncture, inserting chest drains and using an ophthalmoscope, are what our ‘duties’ were as medical clerks and surgical dressers admitting patients. Our generation valued competency as an aim in itself, a view shared by our bosses in sharp contrast to today's views on teaching.

Is what is needed prolonged clinical attachments to anaesthetic rooms as Mr Sado suggests2 or a ‘skills laboratory’? Surely better to allow a return to clinical apprenticeships where students do things, not just observe. Stress is part of medical life, and if trainees find keeping a logbook a bit much, then they should remember that the end-product of their training is to treat fellow humans safely and competently.

As final year students at St George's in the 1970s, we had a month each as ‘shadow’ house officers in both medicine and surgery. It meant what it said, and we did everything except writing up drugs. On qualifying we were able to start our house-jobs knowing we could cope—and so did our consultants.

In the district general hospitals the students we see are just as keen as we were, and many are all too aware of the practical deficiencies of their training: that's why they come to us; that's why they head for the ‘third world’ for their electives, so they can learn to be ‘useful’.
<i>HRAS</i>Mutation Mosaicism Causing Urothelial Cancer and Epidermal Nevus
Authors: Christian Hafner, Agusti Toll, Francisco X. Real
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: Mosaicism of an oncogenic AKT1 mutation causes Proteus syndrome, which is associated with epidermal nevi and an increased risk of cancer.1 The occurrence of oncogenic mutations in mo...
Navigating the Challenges of In-flight Emergencies
Authors: Melissa L. P. Mattison, Mark Zeidel
Journal: JAMA (2011)

S THE FLIGHT BEGINS ITS DESCENT, A CALL COMES over the intercom: “Is there a physician on board?” Three internists traveling together to a meeting respond. A woman has lost consciousness. She is incontinent and unresponsive, with a strong pulse and intermittent breathing. The physicians ultimately determine the patient has hypoglycemia and a seizure. It takes multiple requests before the flight attendants provide the physicians with the emergency medical kit. When the kit arrives, the flight attendants disappear, and the physicians search in vain for glucagon or intravenous dextrose. The physicians massage oral glucose gel into the patient’s buccal mucosa, and the seizure eventually stops. After landing, the cabin crew records the names and contact information of the physicians, with no discussion of the incident. Other reports have recounted physicians having chal
Ectopic Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Secretion by a Neuroendocrine Tumor Causing Acromegaly: Long-Term Follow-Up Results
Authors: Neşe Colak Ozbey, Yersu Kapran, Alp Bozbora, Yeşim Erbil, Cemil Tascioglu, Sylvia L. Asa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2009)
Paediatrician wins complaints case
Authors: O Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A consultant paediatrician in Britain who had been suspended on full pay for nearly 12 years after a complaint about her behaviour with colleagues won her case last week. North Thames Regional Health Authority settled Bridget O'Connell's claim for an undisclosed sum and allowed her to take early retirement with the status of honorary consultant. Dr O'Connell, aged 59, has been pursuing legal proceedings for breach of contract since 1990.

North Thames, which includes the former North East Thames Regional …
Adaptation to bacterial lipopolysaccharide controls lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in rabbit macrophages.
Authors: J C Mathison, G D Virca, E Wolfson, P S Tobias, K Glaser, R J Ulevitch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

These experiments provide an explanation for the observation that two intravenous injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) spaced 5 h apart in rabbits cause tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF) levels to rise in the blood only after the first LPS injection. Herein we show that treatment of elicited peritoneal exudate rabbit macrophages (PEM) with two doses of LPS given 9 h apart results in a marked reduction in TNF production by the second LPS exposure. This state of hyporesponsiveness is a result of adaptation to LPS, is induced by LPS concentrations that are 1,000-fold less than required to induce TNF production (picograms vs. nanograms), is characterized by a decrease in LPS-induced TNF mRNA without any change in TNF mRNA half-life, is not changed by including indomethacin in cultures, and is specific for LPS since LPS-adapted cells display a TNF response to heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus that is at least as good as that observed in control PEM.
Primary Diabetic Pneumaturia Diagnosed Radiographically
Authors: Albert P. Marsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

PNEUMATURIA is a rare phenomenon. Spring and Hymes,1 in 1952, were the first to present a complete review of all cases of primary pneumaturia reported since 1860. Since that time several other cases have been described.2 3 4 5 Senator (1891), as cited by Kent,2 was the first to classify pneumaturia as fitting into three categories, as follows: pneumaturia after instrumentation of the genitourinary tract; pneumaturia caused by fistula formation between the intestinal or genital tracts, or both, and the urinary tract; and pneumaturia caused by fermentation — so-called primary pneumaturia (this can be associated either with or without glycosuria).The last group . . .