tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pericardial Lymph Node Involvement in Lymphoma as Identified on PET
Authors: Benjamin Franc, Emmy Yoshida, Robert Herfkens, Michael Goris
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 67-year-old woman with refractory transformed large cell lymphoma was evaluated for shortness of breath and fatigue. A chest radiograph showed small bilateral effusions. PET CT demonstrated a hypermetabolic internal mammary lymph node and a small hypermetabolic focus in the myocardium at the level of the valvular plane. She received salvage radiation therapy to the mediastinum and left supraclavicular area. Four months later, a CT scan showed diffuse lymphomatous involvement in the pericardium, and pathology from a pericardiocentesis demonstrated large cell lymphoma, suggesting that the hypermetabolic focus in the myocardium seen on the PET scan represented lymphoma in a pericardial lymph node.
TCT-661 Clinical Relevance of Endothelial Dysfunction after Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation Compared to First Generation Drug-Eluting Stent
Authors: Yoshifumi Nakajima, Kengo Tanabe, Jiro Aoki, Takuya Hashimoto, Kazuyuki Yahagi, Makoto Nakashima, Shuzou Tanimoto, Hiroyoshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Hara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Trichilemmoma: an immunohistochemical study of cytokeratins
Authors: I. Kurokawa, S. Nishijima, K. Kusumoto, H. Senzaki, N. Shikata, A. Tsubura
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The histogenesis of trichilemmoma remains unclear.To clarify the histogenesis of trichilemmoma by evaluating its cytokeratin (CK) expression.In three cases of trichilemmoma, CK expression was studied immunohistochemically using seven antikeratin antibodies against CK1, 10, 14-17 and 19, respectively.CK1 and CK10 were present in keratinizing ductal epithelium. CK14 was present in the whole layer. CK15 was present in suprabasal layers in two cases. CK16 was present in the suprabasal layer, but was absent in keratinizing ductal epithelium. CK17 was present in suprabasal layers and the sebaceous duct-like structure. CK19 was totally absent.These results showed that trichilemmoma may differentiate mainly towards two directions: infundibular keratinization and proliferation of the outer root sheath with undifferentiated and pluripotent characteristics.
The Pathology of Median Neuropathy in Acromegaly
Authors: Paul J. Jenkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Median neuropathy is commonly associated with acromegaly, although its pathology is uncertain. Objective: To study the pathology of median neuropathy in acromegaly by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Design: Case series. Setting: Outpatient clinic and MRI unit. Patients: Nine patients with acromegaly, four of whom had clinical symptoms of neuropathy. Measurements: At presentation and 6 months after treatment, median nerve size, its signal intensity, and the volume of the carpal tunnel contents were measured. Results: At presentation, patients with symptoms of neuropathy had increased nerve size and signal intensity compared with asymptomatic patients, but the two groups did not differ in volume of carpal tunnel contents. These measures improved with treatment of acromegaly in symptomatic patients; asymptomatic patients experienced no change or worsening. Conclusion: The predominant pathology of median neuropathy in acromegaly seems to be increased edema of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel rather than extrinsic compression from increased volume of the carpal tunnel contents.
Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Expressing the Human Somatostatin Receptor SSTR2: Molecular Imaging after Systemic Delivery Using 111In-Pentetreotide
Authors: J. Andrea McCart, Navneet Mehta, Deborah Scollard, Raymond M. Reilly, Jorge A. Carrasquillo, Nan Tang, Hui Deng, Marshall Miller, Hui Xu, Steven K. Libutti, H. Richard Alexander, David L. Bartlett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Oncolytic vaccinia viruses (VV) have demonstrated tumor specificity, high levels of transgene expression, and anti-tumor effects. The ability to visualize vector biodistribution noninvasively will be necessary as gene therapy vectors come to clinical trials, and the creation of a VV that can both treat tumors and permit noninvasive imaging after systemic delivery is therefore an exciting concept. To facilitate imaging, a VV expressing the human somatostatin receptor type 2 (SSTR2) was created. Cells infected with the SSTR2-expressing VV or controls were incubated with the somatostatin analog 111In-pentetreotide with or without an excess of nonradiolabeled pentetreotide. The SSTR2-infected cells bound 111In-pentetreotide sixfold more efficiently than control virus-infected cells and this binding was specifically blocked by nonradiolabeled pentetreotide. Nude mice bearing subcutaneous murine colon CA xenografts were injected intraperitoneally with the SSTR2-expressing VV or control VV. After 6 days, mice were injected with 111In-pentetreotide and imaged. Mice were sacrificed and organs collected and counted in a gamma counter. The uptake of radioactivity in tumors and normal tissues (percentage injected dose per gram) and tumor-to-normal tissue ratios were determined. Tumors infected with the SSTR2-expressing VV accumulated significantly higher concentrations of radioactivity compared to tumors in animals receiving the control virus. SSTR2-infected tumors were visible on imaging 6 days after VV injection and could be visualized for up to 3 weeks post-viral injection using repeat injections of 111In-pentetreotide. This reporter gene imaging strategy could be a very effective method to visualize vector distribution, expression, and persistence over time and enhances the potential of VV as a novel anti-cancer therapeutic.
ANKYLOSIS.ARTHROPLASTY—CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL.
Authors: JOHN B. MURPHY
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Cases 1 and 2, Mr. W. D., aged 21, occupation, barber, was admitted to Mercy hospital July 9, 1901. <h3>present Illness.</h3> This began in November, 1900, with high fever and very severe pains in the lumbar region. Shortly after onset the trouble extended to the hip, wrist and shoulder joints of both sides. He was confined to bed for six months. About one month after the onset both knees became affected. They were swollen and painful and for four months they were kept at rest in full extension. When the inflammatory process subsided both knees were stiff and this condition persisted. Since then he has walked only with the aid of crutches because of severe pain in the knees when his full weight is thrown on them. The trouble in the other joints subsided without ankylosis. <h3>Previous Illness.</h3> Two months before the onset of the present
Endothelin-A and -B antagonists protect myocardial and endothelial function after ischemia/reperfusion in a rat heart transplantation model
Authors: G Szabó
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Objective: Previous studies suggested that endothelin-1 (ET-1) may play a pathophysiological role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the selective ET-A receptor antagonist BQ123 and the selective ET-B receptor antagonist BQ788 on myocardial and endothelial function after reversible deep hypothermic ischemia in a heterotopic rat heart transplantation model. Methods: Isogenic intraabdominal heterotopic transplantation was performed in Lewis rats. After 1 h of cold ischemic preservation reperfusion was started either after application of placebo (control), BQ123 (3 μmol/kg/min), BQ788 (3 μmol/kg/min), ET-1 (8 pmol/kg/min) or simultaneous infusion of BQ123 or BQ788 and ET-1, respectively (n=12 each). An implanted balloon was used to obtain pressure–volume relations of the transplanted heart. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) was assessed by the hydrogen-clearance method. Measurements were taken after 1 and 24 h of reperfusion. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine (ACH) and endothelium-independent vasodilation to sodium nitroprusside were also determined. Results: Both BQ123 and BQ788 significantly improved myocardial and endothelial functional recovery during early reperfusion, whereas ET-1 significantly impaired myocardial and endothelial function. Simultaneous infusion of ET-1 diminished the effects of BQ123 and BQ788. Although myocardial function and baseline MBF were similar in all groups after 24 h of reperfusion, endothelium dependent vasodilation to ACH was still significantly higher in the BQ123 and BQ788 groups and lower in the ET-1 groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that endogenous ET release is involved in the pathogenesis of reperfusion injury after heart transplantation. ET-A and ET-B receptor antagonists may be useful to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Conjugated bile acids promote ERK1/2 and AKT activation via a pertussis toxin-sensitive mechanism in murine and human hepatocytes
Authors: Paul Dent, Youwen Fang, Seema Gupta, Elaine Studer, Clint Mitchell, Sarah Spiegel, Philip B. Hylemon
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Several studies have argued that G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCR) have the capacity to promote activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. The current studies were performed to examine the regulation of the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and AKT pathways by conjugated and unconjugated bile acids in primary hepatocytes. Deoxycholic acid (DCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) all activated ERK1/2 in primary rat hepatocytes that was abolished by inhibition of ERBB1, and significantly reduced by ROS quenching agents. Bile acid–induced AKT activation was blunted by preventing ERBB1 activation and ROS generation. Treatment of rat hepatocytes with pertussis toxin (PTX) did not alter ERK1/2 and AKT activation induced by DCA or CDCA but abolished pathway activations by conjugated bile acids. Similar data to those with PTX were obtained when a dominant negative form of Gi1α was overexpressed. Treatment of rat hepatocytes with TDCA and TCA promoted guanosine triphosphate (GTP) loading of Gi1α, Gi2α, and Gi3α in vitro. Treatment of rat hepatocytes with PTX abolished TDCA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of ERBB1. Similar findings to those in rat hepatocytes were also obtained in primary mouse and human hepatocytes, but not in established rodent or human hepatoma cell lines. In conclusion, collectively our findings demonstrate that unconjugated bile acids activate hepatocyte receptor tyrosine kinases and intracellular signaling pathways in a ROS-dependent manner. In contrast, conjugated bile acids primarily activate receptor tyrosine kinases and intracellular signaling pathways in a GPCR (Giα) –dependent and ROS-dependent manner. (HEPATOLOGY 2005;42:1291–1299.)
Opiate detoxification under anaesthesia
Authors: C. Brewer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—The editorial by Strang et al1 summarises a previous paper to which I wrote a detailed reply noting several serious errors and omissions.2 They have ignored three important points.

Firstly, although one commercial provider has seriously misled the media,3 rapid opiate detoxification under anaesthesia has been regularly and increasingly used by state hospitals in several countries since 1987. Seoane et al described its effectiveness in detoxification and in starting naltrexone maintenance treatment in heroin addicts who had previously …
Hepatitis in Undertakers
Authors: Barnet Berris
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Six of 106 undertakers (5.6%) gave a past history of hepatitis during their professional careers; this was no different from the frequency in a control group of 3,162 accountants (5.1%) who had no direct contact with blood. None of the undertakers or 210 blood donors matched for age, sex, and ethnic background had serum positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Five undertakers (4.7%) had blood that was positive for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen, compared with six of 210 (2.9%) in the control group; this difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i>&gt;.25). Thus, undertakers appear to be in a low-risk occupation with reference to acquisition of hepatitis B. Although the numbers are too small for statistical analysis, there appeared to be an increased exposure to hepatitis B in undertakers who take no preventive precautions. We recommend that the minimal precautions for undertakers be the wearing of gloves. (<i>JAMA</i>240:138-139, 1978)
Prospective Randomized Comparison of Coronary Bypass Grafting With Minimal Extracorporeal Circulation System (MECC) Versus Off-Pump Coronary Surgery
Authors: Valerio Mazzei, Giuseppe Nasso, Giovanni Salamone, Filippo Castorino, Antonello Tommasini, Amedeo Anselmi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— We aimed to evaluate the clinical results and biocompatibility of the minimal extracorporeal circulation system (MECC) compared with off-pump coronary revascularization (OPCABG). Methods and Results— In a prospective randomized study, 150 patients underwent coronary surgery with the use of MECC and 150 underwent OPCABG. End points were (1) circulating markers of inflammation and organ injury, (2) operative results, and (3) outcome at 1-year follow-up. Operative mortality and morbidity were comparable between the groups. Release of inflammatory markers was similar between groups at all time points (peak interleukin-6 167.2±13.5 versus 181±6.5 pg/mL, P =0.14, OPCABG versus MECC group, respectively). Peak creatine kinase was 419.3±103.5 versus 326±84.2 mg/dL ( P =0.28), and peak S-100 protein was 0.13±0.08 versus 0.29±0.1 pg/mL ( P =0.058, OPCABG versus MECC group, respectively). Length of hospital stay and use of blood products were similar between groups. Two cases of angina recurrence at 1 year in the MECC group were observed versus 5 cases observed in the OPCABG group ( P =0.44). A residual perfusion defect at myocardial nuclear scan was less frequent among patients in the MECC group (3 versus 9 cases, P =0.14; odds ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 1.32). Six (OPCABG group) versus 3 (MECC group) coronary grafts were occluded or severely stenotic at 1 year ( P =0.33, odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 2.14). Conclusions— Clinical results of coronary revascularization with MECC are optimal when this procedure is performed by experienced teams. Postoperative morbidity is comparable to that with OPCABG. MECC is associated with little pump-related systemic and organ injury. It may achieve the benefits of OPCABG (less morbidity in high-risk patients) while facilitating complete revascularization in the case of complex lesions unsuitable for OPCABG.
Cocaine Use and the Likelihood of Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction and Stroke
Authors: Adnan I. Qureshi, M. Fareed K. Suri, Lee R. Guterman, L. Nelson Hopkins
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Numerous case series have implicated cocaine use as a cause of both myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke on the basis of the temporal relationship between drug use and event onset. Increasing cocaine use in the US population, especially in younger individuals, mandates a more extensive investigation of this relationship.We determined the association of cocaine use with self-reported physician diagnosis of MI or stroke in a nationally representative sample of 10 085 US adults aged 18 to 45 years who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 46 nonfatal MIs and 33 nonfatal strokes were reported. After adjusting for differences in age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol level, body mass index, and cigarette smoking, persons who reported frequent lifetime cocaine use had a significantly higher likelihood of nonfatal MI than nonusers (odds ratio, 6.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 58) but not stroke. In this age group, the population-attributable risk percent of frequent cocaine for nonfatal MI was estimated as 25%.Regular cocaine use was associated with an increased likelihood of MI in younger patients. Approximately 1 of every 4 nonfatal MIs in persons aged 18 to 45 years was attributable to frequent cocaine use in this survey. Behavior modification by public awareness and education may reduce the cardiovascular morbidity associated with cocaine use.
Health Care Policy Implications of the 1994 Congressional Elections
Authors: Robert J. Blendon
Journal: JAMA (1995)

AS REPORTED in the press, the 1994 congressional elections had broad implications for the future of public policy in the United States. Republicans gained a majority in both houses of Congress, taking control of the House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years. In all, the Republicans gained 52 seats in the House and eight seats in the Senate. The purpose of this article is to examine the implications of the 1994 elections for the future direction of health care policy. Using the results of three Election Day surveys of voters, we will look at two key questions: What role did the health care issue play in voters' choice of candidates? What do voters want the new Congress to do about health care policy? In addition, we will examine the views of California voters on Proposition 186, a proposal to adopt a statewide single-payer system. <h3>Data and Methods</h3>
Biochemistry of Uric Acid and Its Relation to Gout
Authors: J. Edwin Seegmiller, Leonard Laster, R. Rodney Howell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

GOUTY arthritis has not only profitably attracted the interest of historians of medicine and chemistry but also provided footnotes to social and political history since so many prominent leaders of the past have been victims of this disease. The distinctive clinical features of gout, which consist of the sudden onset of the acute attack, the excruciating severity of the pain, the complete subsidence of pain between attacks, the familial occurrence and the tendency for tophi to develop, permitted this disease to be distinguished from the other types of arthritis relatively early in the history of medicine. Indeed, the first description . . .
CT53518, a novel selective FLT3 antagonist for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
Authors: Louise M Kelly, Jin-Chen Yu, Christina L Boulton, Mutiah Apatira, Jason Li, Carol M Sullivan, Ifor Williams, Sonia M Amaral, David P Curley, Nicole Duclos, Donna Neuberg, Robert M Scarborough, Anjali Pandey, Stanley Hollenbach, Keith Abe, Nathalie A Lokker, D.Gary Gilliland, Neill A Giese
Journal: Cancer Cell (2002)
Anonymity of reviewers
Authors: A. Fabiato
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Anonymity of reviewers Get access Alexandre Fabiato Alexandre Fabiato Department of Physiology, Box 980551, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23298-0551, USA: Professor A Fabiato. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 8, August 1994, Pages 1134–1139, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.8.1134 Published: 01 August 1994 Article history Received: 21 December 1993 Accepted: 14 January 1994 Published: 01 August 1994
Cardiomyocyte Cultures With Controlled Macroscopic Anisotropy
Authors: N. Bursac, K.K. Parker, S. Iravanian, L. Tung
Journal: Circulation Research (2002)

Structural and functional cardiac anisotropy varies with the development, location, and pathophysiology in the heart. The goal of this study was to design a cell culture model system in which the degree, change in fiber direction, and discontinuity of anisotropy can be controlled over centimeter-size length scales. Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were cultured on fibronectin on 20-mm diameter circular cover slips. Structure-function relationships were assessed using immunostaining and optical mapping. Cell culture on microabraded cover slips yielded cell elongation and coalignment in the direction of abrasion, and uniform, macroscopically continuous, elliptical propagation with point stimulation. Coarser microabrasion (wider and deeper abrasion grooves) increased longitudinal (23.5 to 37.2 cm/s; r =0.66) and decreased transverse conduction velocity (18.1 to 9.2 cm/s; r =−0.84), which resulted in increased longitudinal-to-transverse velocity anisotropy ratios (1.3 to 3.7, n=61). A thin transition zone between adjacent uniformly anisotropic areas with 45° or 90° difference in fiber orientation acted as a secondary source during 2× threshold field stimulus. Cell culture on cover slips micropatterned with 12- or 25-μm wide fibronectin lines and previously coated with decreasing concentrations of background fibronectin yielded transition from continuous to discontinuous anisotropic architecture with longitudinally oriented intercellular clefts, decreased transverse velocity (16.9 to 2.6 cm/s; r =−0.95), increased velocity anisotropy ratios (1.6 to 5.6, n=70), and decreased longitudinal velocity (36.4 to 14.6 cm/s; r =−0.85) for anisotropy ratios &gt;3.5. Cultures of cardiac myocytes with controlled degree, uniformity and continuity of structural, and functional anisotropy may enable systematic 2-dimensional in vitro studies of macroscopic structure-related mechanisms of reentrant arrhythmias. The full text of this article is available at http://www.circresaha.org.
Stress and the Practice of Medicine II. Stressors, Stresses, and Strains
Authors: Adam J. Krakowski
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

Stresses of medical practice, recognized as severe, do not increase morbidity and mortality of physicians due to physical illness; the rates of substance dependence, divorces, and mental illness, however, exceed those in the general population. This study was undertaken to explore the effect of stress on physicians and to determine its role in the personal and occupational parameters of adaptation. 100 physicians of various specialties were randomly chosen and their responses to a standard questionnaire were computer analyzed. The previous hypothesis of the motivation of the choice of medicine as a vocation was explored from the point of view of personality features and responses to stress. All physicians reported considerable compulsivity. Its continuous utilization leads to failure of adaptation apparently responsible for further emotional and mental maladaptation. On the whole, the group under study did not show severe psychopathology equal to what has been reported in many other studies. Theoretical and practical aspects of this study are elucidated in the paper.
Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia.
Authors: Ernest Laplace
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 17, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Please insert the following in the news column of yourJournal: The Faculty of the Medico-Chirurgical College of Philadelphia, has created three new clinical chairs, viz.: genito-urinary surgery, orthopedic surgery and otology. These together with the vacancy in the chair of clinical medicine will be filled permanently at the end of the present session. Thanking you in advance, I am, Very truly yours,
Leukopenia After Postmastectomy Irradiation
Authors: Charles L. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Significant peripheral white blood cell depression was noted in 75% of postmastectomy patients receiving chest wall and nodal irradiation and in 50% of patients receiving only peripheral nodal irradiation. Leukopenia was documented for as long as 36 months following therapy. With the current trend to earlier institution of chemotherapy, the routine use of postoperative irradiation must be reevaluated. (<i>JAMA</i>235:747-748, 1976)