tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Autoimmunity-Associated Gene PTPN22 Potentiates Toll-like Receptor-Driven, Type 1 Interferon-Dependent Immunity
Authors: Yaya Wang, Iftach Shaked, Stephanie M. Stanford, Wenbo Zhou, Julie M. Curtsinger, Zbigniew Mikulski, Zachary R. Shaheen, Genhong Cheng, Kristy Sawatzke, Amanda M. Campbell, Jennifer L. Auger, Hatice Bilgic, Fernanda M. Shoyama, David O. Schmeling, Henry H. Balfour, Kiminori Hasegawa, Andrew C. Chan, John A. Corbett, Bryce A. Binstadt, Matthew F. Mescher, Klaus Ley, Nunzio Bottini, Erik J. Peterson
Journal: Immunity (2013)
April 1, 1974, Before and After
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

AS I was driving to the hospital on April 1, I was interested to learn from my radio that April Fool's Day came to be so named because of a medieval practice of allowing insane persons to be abroad on that day. On arriving at the hospital, I was therefore much relieved to see no evidence of any disturbed persons and no sign of any outward change, although the Management Committee and the Regional Hospital Board had disappeared overnight and had been replaced by an Area Health Authority and a Regional Health Authority in the quiet coup that finally marked . . .
Abstract 1298: The role of nuclear factor kappa B in survival of human papillomavirus-positive head and neck cancer cell lines.
Authors: Hongzheng Zhang, Zhongliang Hu, Ning Jiang, Rossella Marullo, Paul W. Doetsch, William D. Hunt, Georgia Z. Chen, Dong M. Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) has been implicated in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) from premalignant changes to tumor progression, and in treatment resistance and recurrence. However, the roles of NFκB in the sensitivity to chemoradiation of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated HNSCC have not been well defined. Previously we reported that high expression of NFκB detected by immunohistochemistry in pretreated HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer patients was significantly associated with poor progression free survival (AACR 2012 Abstract #4489). Therefore, we hypothesized that NFκB could play a role in pro-survival in HPV+ head and neck cancer cells. We first examined the sensitivity of five HPV+ head and neck cancer cell lines (HPV16: UDSCC2, 93-VU-147T, UM-SCC47, UPCI:SCC90, HPV18: SCC1483) to radiation and cisplatin, Consistent with current models, when we knocked down expression of the HPV16E6 oncogene, SCC47 and SCC1483 cells with restored expression of p53 displayed a significant reduction in S phase entry as revealed by cell cycle analysis (SCC47: scrambled control 14.08% ± 0.55% versus siRNA-E6 6.39% ± 2.40, p=0.004; SCC1483: scrambled control 13.39% ± 1.28% versus 7.49% ± 0.83, p=0.002). In addition, all five cell lines displayed reduced sensitivity to cisplatin compared with cells treated with scrambled control siRNA. The basal level of activated NFκB in HPV+ cell lines was correlated with the sensitivity to radiation and cisplatin as assessed by colony formation and cell growth assays. Suppression of NFκBp65 by siRNA resulted in marked increases in apoptosis associated with reduction of Bcl-2 in both SCC47 and SCC1483 cells. This pattern was more pronounced with increasing doses of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (32.5 to 130 nM for 48 to 72 hr). Furthermore, SCC47 and SCC1483 cells treated with siRNA NFκBp65 displayed a significantly greater level of apoptosis induced by radiation or cisplatin compared to cells treated with non-targeted control siRNA, indicating a pro-survival effect for NFκB. Further studies are warranted to delineate the effects of HPV oncogene interactions with NFκB signaling pathways on chemoradiation sensitivity. (This study was supported by the V Foundation). Citation Format: Hongzheng Zhang, Zhongliang Hu, Ning Jiang, Rossella Marullo, Paul W. Doetsch, William D. Hunt, Georgia Z. Chen, Dong M. Shin. The role of nuclear factor kappa B in survival of human papillomavirus-positive head and neck cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1298. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1298
Improve the counselling skills of doctors and nurses in cancer care.
Authors: P. Maguire, A. Faulkner
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The diagnosis and treatment of cancer cause consider- able psychological distress and morbidity.'But this is resolved in only a minority of patients because those concerned in their care tend to avoid the emotional aspects.2They distance themselves for two main reasons.They lack the skills to handle the difficult problems and strong emotions that may emerge if they talk with patients and relatives in any depth.Also, they fear that probing into how a person is adjusting psychologically will do more harm than good.Fortunately, many doctors and nurses who care for cancer patients realise that their difficulties in communicating with patients and their relatives stem from insufficient training and are eager to remedy this.We describe how to run short intensive workshops to help doctors and nurses improve their skills in inter- viewing, assessment, and counselling.
Human leucocyte antigens in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: M. H. Gleeson, J. S. Walker, J. Wentzel, J. A. Chapman, R. Harris
Journal: Gut (1972)

The frequency of occurrence of 15 of the commoner human leucocyte antigens was determined in 18 patients with Crohn's disease and in 16 patients with ulcerative colitis, using an in-vitro lymphocyte cytotoxicity test (Harris, Wentzel, Cocking, Dodsworth, and Ukaejiofo, 1970). The overall results showed that, with the exception of human leucocyte antigen 3 in patients with Crohn's disease, in neither disease was there any major difference in any of the other antigen frequencies compared with a panel of 50 healthy controls. Nor was there an excess frequency of any particular antigen occurring in both Crohn's disease and colitis.
Grants for Terrorist Attack Ills
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The dermatology outpatient discharge decision: understanding a critical but neglected process
Authors: N.A. Harun, S. Salek, V. Piguet, A.Y. Finlay
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Discharge from dermatology outpatients is a critical endpoint of patient care. Despite this, there has been very little research concerning the discharge process and factors influencing the discharge decision. To identify the factors influencing discharge decisions, articles from 1970 to April 2013 were searched in MEDLINE via Ovid, CINAHL, PROQUEST and Google Scholar using the keywords 'patient discharge', 'discharge decision', 'factors influencing discharge', 'clinical decision making', 'discharge decision making', 'process of discharge decision', 'outpatient', 'follow up', 'skin disease' and 'dermatology'. Only articles describing outpatient discharge decisions were included. Seventeen outpatient discharge articles were identified, 12 from the U.K. (seven dermatology) and five from the U.S.A., Canada, Australia and Taiwan (all nondermatology). The main influences on outpatient discharge identified were diagnosis and disease severity, clinician's level of experience and perception, patient's preferences, patient's behaviour and quality of life. These influences affected the clinician's judgement on discharge decisions both in appropriate and in inappropriate ways. Little is known concerning discharge decision making in dermatology. Given the central importance of such decisions in the appropriate care of patients and the efficient running of any dermatology service, greater understanding of the influences on discharge decision making is needed. It is therefore critical for dermatologists to be aware of these influences and to ensure that decisions are taken only in the best interests of patients. Further research is required to inform the training of dermatologists on how to take the most appropriate discharge decisions.
Delays in diagnosis and therapy of gastric cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: R. Witzig, B. Schönberger, U. Fink, R. Busch, H. Gundel, A. Sendler, C. Peschel, J. Siewert, F. Lordick
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

In the past, there were long delays in the diagnosis of patients with cancer of the stomach or esophagus. The objective of this study was to describe current delays in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma and to compare the findings with those from an historical control population treated at the same institutions 10 years earlier.Patients with biopsy-proven gastric cancer or esophageal adenocarcinoma who were treated at two academic medical centers in Germany between April and October 2003 were consecutively screened for eligibility to take part in the study. Medical charts for each patient were reviewed. Additional data were obtained via structured interviews. Main outcome measures were the total delay, and the delays related to patients themselves, to doctors, and to the hospital. Data were compared with those from a historic control group assessed in 1993.The median total delay for patients with gastric cancer (n = 104) was 3.5 months (range 0.3 - 29.6), and in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 22) the total delay was significantly shorter (median 2.2 months, range 1.2 - 11.7; P < 0.05). Comparing these findings with those from an historic cohort of patients with gastric cancer (n = 100) revealed a significant decrease in the total delay (3.5 versus 8.0 months, P < 0.001).The current findings indicate that delays in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer have become significantly shorter within the last 10 years as our understanding of and ability to treat this form of cancer have improved.
S105 Longitudinal microbiology of adult non-CF bronchiectasis
Authors: W. A. H. Sahabudeen, D. L. Smith
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> A longitudinal microbiologic profile in adults with non-CF bronchiectasis (nCF-Br) is helpful in directing appropriate antibiotic therapy and may also have implications for prognosis. Information in this area is scarce with limited published data and small sample sizes of available studies. We have looked at longitudinal records from a group of nCF-Br patients attending a specialist clinic. <h3>Methods</h3> All available sputum microbiology results for patients over a 5-year period were analysed. <h3>Results</h3> 158 patients, average age 64.5 years (range 18–87 years), 58M:100F, had 2 or more samples available for analysis. The majority (149 (94.3%)) of these had a HRCT diagnosis. 23 (14.6%) of the 158 patients cultured no organisms. Abstract S105 table 1 shows the distribution of organisms found colonising the remaining 141 patients. In a subset of 72 patients with =6 samples taken over an average period of 2.7 (SD 1.0) years, 2 (2.8%) grew no organisms, 17 (23.6%) grew a single organism, 21 (29.2%) grew two, 14 (19.4%) grew three, 18 (25%) grew four or more different organisms on different occasions. Of the 806 samples analysed in this subset of patients, the majority grew single organisms, 83 (10.3%) reported 2 or more isolates. Among 46 of these 72 in whom <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. was isolated, the initial isolate was followed by persistent colonisation in 30 (65.2%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The distribution of colonising pathogens among our larger patient group is similar to those found in other studies. We have shown a higher degree of variation in organisms found over time than has been previously shown.1
Basilar Artery Insufficiency Secondary to Obstruction of Left Subclavian Artery
Authors: GORDON SPROUL
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Two cases are presented of basilar artery insufficiency with reversal of flow in the left vertebral artery secondary to obstruction of the subclavian artery at its origin. The symptoms have been relieved by restoration of pressure in the subclavian artery. The hemodynamics are reviewed, and the value of arteriography in cerebral vascular insufficiency is supported.
Eating Fish and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based, Prospective Follow-Up Study
Authors: Geertruida J. van Woudenbergh, Anneleen Kuijsten, Edith J.M. Feskens
Journal: Diabetes Care (2010)

We observed that intake of total fish was associated positively with risk of type 2 diabetes (1). Stratification by type of fish showed that intake of lean fish tended to be associated with risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas intake of fatty …
Lack of Association Between the <i>MEF2A</i> Gene and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wolfgang Lieb, Björn Mayer, Inke R. König, Iris Borwitzky, Anika Götz, Silke Kain, Christian Hengstenberg, Patrick Linsel-Nitschke, Marcus Fischer, Angela Döring, H. -Erich Wichmann, Thomas Meitinger, Reinhold Kreutz, Andreas Ziegler, Heribert Schunkert, Jeanette Erdmann
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI) are caused in part by genetic factors. Recently, the MEF2A gene was linked to MI/CAD in a single pedigree with autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance. In addition, genetic variants within the gene have been associated with MI in case-control settings, producing inconsistent results.The MEF2A gene was sequenced in MI patients from 23 MI families (> or =5 affected members per family), but no mutation was identified in any of these extended families. Moreover, the Pro279Leu variant in exon 7 was analyzed in 1181 unrelated MI patients with a positive family history for MI/CAD, in 533 patients with sporadic MI, and in 2 control populations (n=1021 and n=1055), showing no evidence for association with MI/CAD. In addition, a (CAG)n repeat in exon 11 was genotyped in 543 sporadic MI patients and in 1190 controls without evidence for association with MI. Finally, analyzing 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the GeneChip Mapping 500K Array, genotyped in 1644 controls and 753 cases, failed to provide evidence for association (region-wide P=0.23).Studying independent samples of >1700 MI patients, 2 large control populations, and multiple families with apparently mendelian inheritance of the disease, we found no evidence for any linkage or association signal in the MEF2A gene.
Facilitation of adrenergic transmission by locally generated angiotensin II in rat mesenteric arteries.
Authors: K U Malik, A Nasjletti
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

When studied on isolated rat mesenteric arteries perfused with Tyrode's solution, angiotensin I and angiotensin II (1 ng/ml), a synthetic tetradecapeptide renin substrate, and a purified hog renin substance (50-100 ng/ml) potentiated vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and to injected norepinephrine without altering basal pressure. These agents produced a greater augmentation of the vasoconstrictor responses to nerve stimulation than to injected norepinephrine. The potentiation of vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and injected norepinephrine which was elicited by renin substrate and angiotensin I was abolished by an inhibitor of angiotensin I-converting enzyme, SQ 20,881, and by an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, [Sar1-Ile8]angiotensin II. In contrast, the potentiating effect of angiotensin II was blocked only by the latter compound. We conclude that utilization of renin substrate within the vascular wall by renin or renin-like enzymes results in the formation of angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II. Angiotensin in turn potentiates the vasoconstrictor responses to adrenergic stimuli presumably by augmenting release of the adrenergic transmitter and inhibiting its neuronal reuptake as well as by increasing vascular reactivity to norepinephrine.
John Beocher Scrimgeour
Authors: M. Scrimgeour
Journal: BMJ (2014)

After a short spell in general practice in Edinburgh, John Beocher Scrimgeour decided to pursue a career in obstetrics and gynaecology. He completed his early work on the association between alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and neural tube defects while working at the Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion. During this time he …
Inequalities in income and long term disability in Spain: analysis of recent hypotheses using cross sectional study based on individual data
Authors: E. Regidor, P. Navarro, V. Dominguez, C. Rodriguez
Journal: BMJ (1997)

To compare the relation between inequalities in long-term disability and income in the 17 regions of Spain.Data were taken from the survey on impairments, disabilities, and handicaps that was carried out in Spain in 1986. For each region the inequality in long-term disability associated with income was calculated as the odds ratio associated with reducing monthly household income by 10,000 pesetas (about Ponds 50) (estimate of effect of inequality of income) and the odds ratio for the inequality in long-term disability between those at the bottom and those at the top of the income hierarchy (relative index of inequality).Prevalence of long-term disability.Five of the eight regions where lowering income had a greater effect on long-term disability were among those with the lowest income per head, while six of the remaining nine regions where the effect was smaller were among those with the highest income per head. Three regions with the highest estimate of relative index of inequality had the highest estimate of effect, and another three regions with the lowest estimate of relative index of inequality had the lowest estimate of effect. In contrast, the relative position of the remaining 11 regions varied from one measure to another.These results support the theory that additional increments in material wellbeing have a negligible effect on health in countries with high socioeconomic development. However, inequality in income distribution did not determine inequality in health between those at the bottom and those at the top of the income hierarchy in many Spanish regions.
Association Between Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in U.S. Nondiabetic Adults
Authors: Jing Chen, Rachel P. Wildman, L. Lee Hamm, Paul Muntner, Kristi Reynolds, Paul K. Whelton, Jiang He
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Clinical and epidemiological data indicate that inflammation may be associated with insulin resistance. We examined the association between inflammatory markers, such as ferritin, uric acid, white cell counts, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance among 5,959 adults, aged ≥20 years and without diabetes (fasting glucose &amp;lt;126 mg/dl and not taking diabetes medication), who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Levels of ferritin, uric acid, white cell counts, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein were significantly higher in individuals with a higher HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). After adjustment for age, sex, race, education, physical inactivity, current and former smoking, alcohol intake, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, systolic blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, serum total cholesterol, and triglycerides, a 1-SD higher ferritin (126.1 ng/ml), uric acid (1.4 mg/dl), white blood cell count (2.2 × 109/l), and fibrinogen (80.6 mg/dl) was associated with a 0.10 (95% CI 0.03–0.17, P = 0.004), 0.16 (0.08–0.24, P &amp;lt; 0.001), 0.16 (0.09–0.22, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and 0.12 (0.05–0.18, P = 0.001) higher HOMA-IR, respectively. Clinically elevated C-reactive protein (≥1.0 mg/dl) was associated with a 0.63 (0.23–1.04, P = 0.003) higher HOMA-IR. These findings indicate that elevated levels of inflammatory markers are positively and independently associated with insulin resistance. Further studies should examine the potential causal effect of inflammation on insulin resistance.
Graphene‐Mesoporous Silica‐Dispersed Palladium Nanoparticles‐Based Probe Carrier Platform for Electrocatalytic Sensing of Telomerase Activity at Less Than Single‐Cell Level
Authors: Li Wu, Jiasi Wang, Hanjun Sun, Jinsong Ren, Xiaogang Qu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Human telomerase is a specialized ribonucleoprotein polymerase and is used as a clinical cancer marker and special target for chemotherapy. Traditional telomerase detection uses “telomerase repeat amplification protocol” (TRAP) assay. However, TRAP is questioned because it requires use of DNA polymerases, which is susceptible to polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐derived artifacts and time‐consuming. Here, a novel PCR‐free, electrocatalytic assay for signal‐amplified detection of telomerase activity using graphene‐mesoporous silica‐dispersed palladium nanoparticles‐based probe carrier platform to improve probe‐target recognition is reported. The low background noise is achieved by using DNA site‐specific cleavage endonuclease and the detection signal is amplified by using hemoglobin. As a highly efficient electron sink, hemoglobin does not carry out direct reduction at the surface, minimizing false positives. These merits make this assay highly sensitive, achieving the sensitivity comparable to TRAP. The developed electrocatalysis assay is PCR‐free, simple in design, and fast in operation, therefore avoiding PCR amplification‐related errors, which make it more reliable to evaluate telomerase activity for clinical use.
Careful Use of Science to Advance the Debate on the UK Cancer Drugs Fund
Authors: Darius N. Lakdawalla, Anupam B. Jena, Jason N. Doctor
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal