tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple Serial Enzyme Studies in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: N. R. Rowell, A. J. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1959)

BRiTisH 459 MDCLJOURNAL a diagnostic suppression test in order to exclude the possibility of an adrenocortical tumour.If steroid therapy is undertaken it would appear from our results that short intermittent courses of steroid therapy would be as effective as prolonged treatment and much safer, at any rate in cases of simple hirsutism and mild degrees of virilism.Continuous treatment is usually necessary in cases of female pseudohermaphroditism, and pro- longed suppression of the degree shown in our patient does not appear to have been reported previously.Prednisone and prednisolone were given orally in doses of 20 mg.daily in this series of hirsute patients in order to ensure adequate suppression, but it is likely that this could be achieved with smaller doses.Investigations are now in progress to determine the minimal effective dose for this purpose. SummaryEight female patients with adrenal virilism, all adults except one pseudohermaphrodite and all with a raised 17-ketosteroid excretion, were treated with a crystalline suspension of prednisolone trimethylacetate injected intramuscularly, with oral prednisone or prednisolone, or with intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone acetate.As much as 400 mg. of prednisolone trimethylacetate at weekly intervals was required to effect suppression of corticotrophin, judged by depression of the 17- ketosteroid excretion, due no doubt to its very slow absorption, whereas daily doses of 20 mg. of prednisone or prednisolone by mouth caused an immediate and profound suppression, and two injections of 250 mg. of hydrocortisone acetate at an interval of a week were also effective.With all three methods suppression persisted for many weeks or months after withdrawal of therapy.For this reason short intermittent courses are advocated except in female pseudohermaphroditism.No significant improvement in hirsutism was obtained and therefore steroid therapy is not justifiable on the grounds of hirsutism alone.In two patients with oligo- menorrhoea normal menstruation was restored, in one patient amenorrhoea persisted, and in the remainder menstruation was normal before treatment.We are indebted to Ciba Laboratories Ltd. for generous supplies of prednisolone trimethylacetate.
Medical Education Indebtedness
Authors: James P. Winter
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a senior medical student, I am extremely concerned over the decline of low-interest medical student financial aid programming. "Financial instability can threaten the quality of medical education in several ways," as stated by Dr Egan.<sup>1</sup>I have found that recent medical school graduates and teaching staff have little comprehension of the cost of a current medical education, much less the current educational loan costs. For their benefit, these programs for medical student loans include the following: (1) PLUS, at a 12% fixed rate: "The repayment of your loan will begin within 30 to 60 days following disbursement of the loan."<sup>2</sup>Interest on this loan immediately accrues and is nondeferred; only principal is eligible to be deferred. (2) HEAL, at a variable rate: "Interest shall accrue and be payable at an<i>annual percentage rate</i>which is equal to a variable rate... computed by determining the
Pulmonary Imaging in Pregnancy Maternal Risk and Fetal Dosimetry
Authors: CAROL S. MARCUS, GREGORY R. MASON, JOHN H. KUPERUS, ISMAEL MENA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) perfusion lung scan and a Tc-99m DTPA aerosol ventilation scan were performed for suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE) in a patient who was ten weeks pregnant. There was considerable reluctance on the part of the obstetricians to permit this study. Standard MIRD dose estimates to the fetus were performed, which showed a maximum fetal exposure of about 50 mrem. It was concluded that the risk to mother and fetus from undiagnosed and untreated PE is much greater than the negligible risk to the fetus from the radiation exposure; fear of fetal radiation damage should not be a deterent to performing these scans.
Electrophysiological effects of ATP sensitive potassium channel modulation: implications for arrhythmogenesis
Authors: A. A M Wilde, M. J Janse
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Electrophysiological effects of ATP sensitive potassium channel modulation: implications for arrhythmogenesis Get access Arthur A M Wilde, Arthur A M Wilde Department of Cardiology and Experimental Cardiology, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands: A A M Wilde, M J Janse. Correspondence to Dr Wilde. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michiel J Janse Michiel J Janse Department of Cardiology and Experimental Cardiology, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands: A A M Wilde, M J Janse. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 1, January 1994, Pages 16–24, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.1.16 Published: 01 January 1994 Article history Received: 27 April 1993 Accepted: 10 August 1993 Published: 01 January 1994
Increased glyceroneogenesis in adipose tissue from rats adapted to a high-protein, carbohydrate-free diet: role of dietary fatty acids
Authors: Salete Cipriano Brito, William Lara Festuccia, Nair Honda Kawashita, Maria Ferreira Moura, Analúcia Rampazzo Xavier, Maria Antonieta Garófalo, Isis Carmo Kettelhut, Renato Hélios Migliorini
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Association of<i>NLRP1</i>genetic variants and mRNA overexpression with generalized vitiligo and disease activity in a Gujarat population
Authors: M. Dwivedi, N.C. Laddha, M.S. Mansuri, Y.S. Marfatia, R. Begum
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

It has been suggested that NLRP1 is involved in susceptibility to a wide range of autoimmune diseases including generalized vitiligo (GV). Genetic polymorphisms in the gene encoding NLRP1 (previously known as NALP1) have previously been shown to be associated with GV and there is speculation about their involvement in the regulation of NLRP1 expression.To explore NLRP1 polymorphisms and investigate their association with NLRP1 mRNA expression and disease activity in patients with GV.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping techniques were used to genotype NLRP1 A/G (rs2670660), T/C (rs6502867) and A/T (rs12150220) polymorphisms in 537 patients with GV and 645 controls in Gujarat. NLRP1 mRNA levels were measured in the whole blood of 122 patients with GV and 175 controls using real-time PCR.The NLRP1 rs2670660 and rs6502867 polymorphisms were found to be in significant association with GV, minor alleles of these SNPs being prevalent in active cases of GV. The rs12150220 polymorphism was found have a marginal association with GV. The frequency of susceptible haplotype 'GCT' was significantly higher in patients with GV and increased the risk of vitiligo twofold. A significant increase in NLRP1 mRNA expression was observed in patients with GV and patients with active GV. NLRP1 mRNA expression was increased in patients with GV with the susceptible GG (rs2670660) and CC (rs6502867) genotypes. Patients with the susceptible GG (rs2670660) and CC (rs6502867) genotypes had early age of onset of GV. Moreover, patients in the age at onset group of 1-20 years showed increased expression of NLRP1 mRNA compared with the older age groups. Female patients showed a significant increase in NLRP1 mRNA and early age at onset of GV compared with male patients.Our results suggest that NLRP1 rs2670660 and rs6502867 polymorphisms may be genetic risk factors for susceptibility to and progression of GV. The upregulation of NLRP1 mRNA in patients with susceptible genotypes advocates the crucial role of NLRP1 in GV.
Treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis: Useless versus helpful allergy therapy
Authors: M. L Loren
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Enzyme potentiation has always been controversial and unproved, and Radcliffe et al showed again that it doesn't work.1 However, the old method of allergy shots that has been around for over 50 years is still quite helpful and safe and endorsed by the World Health Organization as a useful treatment.2 Allergy desensitisation should be considered in those patients who are frustrated with symptoms that are poorly responsive to medications.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN THE EARLY STAGES OF CORNEAL GRAFT REJECTION
Authors: Frank M. Polack
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

Rejection of corneal grafts was produced in rabbits after skin from the corneal donor was grafted subcutaneously. Clinical observations showed that the graft sickness started at the periphery of the graft after blood vessels from the host cornea reached the scar. Histologic studies demonstrated that the scar tissue was first invaded by vessels and infiltrated by lymphocytes, monocytes, and plasma cells. This infiltrate reached the endothelium through the gap in Descemet's membrane. The early histological picture of the graft sickness was characterized by endothelial destruction and infiltration at its junction with the scar. Keratocytes changed in shape and apparently became active fibroblasts. Decreased amounts of ground substance in the early stages of rejection, as indicated by appearance of haziness in the graft, were indicated in sections by a decrease in metachromatic staining. Diminished uptake of radioactive sulfate also occurred in the early stages of the graft sickness; which was followed by an elevated uptake of sulfate as the graft became opaque and filled with active fibroblasts.
Vaccination of B-CLL patients with autologous dendritic cells can change the frequency of leukemia antigen-specific CD8+ T cells as well as CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells toward an antileukemia response
Authors: I Hus, M Schmitt, J Tabarkiewicz, S Radej, K Wojas, A Bojarska-Junak, A Schmitt, K Giannopoulos, A Dmoszyńska, J Roliński
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Preoperative transfusion in sickle cell anemia
Authors: Samuel Charache
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

A consensus conference at the National Institutes of Health [ l ] and the ongoing work of the Preoperative Transfusion Study Group [ 2 ] have begun to change physician's attitudes toward preoperative management of patients with sickle cell anemia.Although the Study is still in progress, it is clear that a low hemoglobin concentration, per se, does not compel transfusion before anesthesia.Further, some centers have made a practice of not transfusing most patients with sickle cell anemia before surgery: careful cooperation between surgeon, anesthesiologist, and internist or pediatrician seems to be as effective, in selected cases, as diluting sickle cells with normal erythrocytes.A recently encountered patient, who was not transfused preoperatively , demonstrated an unanticipated problem.A 32 year-old engineer with sickle cell anemia was scheduled for elective cholecystectomy.Since he had virtually no recent problems from sickle cell anemia, and could engage in athletics, no transfusions were given despite his hemoglobin level of 6.5 g/dl.The possible risks of transfusing (or not transfusing) were discussed with him, and he assented to the plan of management.
House‐dust mite allergen Der p 1: amount or concentration?
Authors: I. J. M. Doull, J. Bright, P. Yogeswaran, P. H. Howarth
Journal: Allergy (1997)

There is a lack of consensus as to the best way to quantify settled house‐dust mite Der p 1 allergen from planar and nonplanar surfaces. To investigate the most appropriate measure of settled house‐dust mite Der p 1 allergen, we determined the relationship between Der p 1 allergen content and collected dust weight from planar‐surface (mattress) and nonplanar‐surface (living‐room) samples in 58 homes. There was a direct relationship between Der p 1 content and dust weight for both planar‐surface (mattress, n =217) samples ( r =0.50, P &lt;0.0001) and nonplanar‐surface (living‐room, n =48) samples ( r =0.61, P &lt;0.0001). Correction for the surface area of the planar surface (mattress) vacuum‐cleaned resulted in no additional benefit. We conclude that expression of Der p 1 level per weight of collected dust appears to be the best method for both planar and nonplanar surfaces.
Letter: Neonatal hyperthyroidism and long-acting thyroid stimulator protector.
Authors: J A Thomson, D S Dirmikis, D S Munro, B R Smith, R Hall, E D Mukhtar
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Neonatal hyperthyroidism has been thought to result from transplacental passage of long-acting thyroid stimulator (L.A.T.S.) from a mother with Graves's disease. A case is presented here in which no L.A.T.S. was detected in the mother or neonate but another immunoglobulin, L.A.T.S. protector, a specific human thyroid stimulator, was shown to be present in the mother's serum. This stimulator may have been the cause of the neonatal hyperthyroidism.
Cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (CTD) as initial therapy for patients with multiple myeloma unsuitable for autologous transplantation
Authors: Gareth J. Morgan, Faith E. Davies, Walter M. Gregory, Nigel H. Russell, Sue E. Bell, Alexander J. Szubert, Nuria Navarro Coy, Gordon Cook, Sylvia Feyler, Jenny L. Byrne, Huw Roddie, Claudius Rudin, Mark T. Drayson, Roger G. Owen, Fiona M. Ross, Graham H. Jackson, J. Anthony Child
Journal: Blood (2011)
Abstract 5457: Chlorinated drinking water alters carcinogenesis in a mice model of colon cancer
Authors: Tatsunari Sasada, Takao Hinoi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: The gastrointestinal tract is constantly exposed to vast numbers of commensal bacteria and inflammatory product. The diet and enteric environment has been implicated in the pathogenesis of enterocolitis and colon cancer. Probiotic Lactbacilli modify the enteric microflora and are thought to have a beneficial effect on enterocolitis, eventually on colon cancer. We conducted this study to evaluate the effects of chlorinated drinking water which was used in general institutions. Experimental design: Mouse stains carrying colon epithelium-preferential Apc mutation (CPC;Apc mice), that show sporadic colorectal adenomas and carcinomas are used in this study. Nine of Eighteen CPC;Apc mice were consumed chlorinated drinking water (chlorinate concentrations of 10.0 mg/L) and 9 consumed tap water (chlorinate concentrations of 0.7 mg/L) for 25 week. Body weight was measured weekly. Faecal microbial analysis was performed. At sacrifice, the small and large bowel were histologically assessed. Results: Chlorinated drinking water strongly prevented intestinal tumorigenesis in terms of polyps formation in distal portion of small intestine. However, in colon we observed an increase in numbers and volumes of tumors. Body weight gain was more favorable by chlorine treated. Conclusions: These results show for the first time the efficacy and associated mechanisms of chlorinated drinking water feeding against spontaneous intestinal tumorigenesis in the CPC;Apc mice suggesting its chemopreventive potential against intestinal cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5457. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5457
When and Whom To Screen
Authors: James F. Burris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 December 1993When and Whom To ScreenJames F. Burris, MDJames F. Burris, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-11-199312010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Both Dr. Pauker [1] and Dr. Schapira and colleagues [2] appear to have missed the point in their analysis of screening for preclinical ovarian cancer. I do not care for average patients; I care for individual patients. The authors' data indicate that the life expectancy of my patients who do have preclinical ovarian cancer will be increased, on average, by 11.6 years by a screening program using CA 125 and transvaginal sonography. The optimal benefit of such a program would be 26 additional years of life expectancymore than a quarter of a century. That's better than winning ...References1. Pauker SG. Deciding about screening. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118: 901-2. Google Scholar2. Schapira MM, Matchar DB, Young MJ. The effectiveness of ovarian cancer screening: a decision analysis model. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:838-43. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1993Volume 119, Issue 11Page: 1150-1152KeywordsDecision makingEmotionsLaparotomyLife expectancyOvarian cancerPatientsSurgeryUltrasound imaging ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Picking Up the Pieces: Towards a Better Future for Critical Care Medicine in Three South American Countries
Authors: Elisa Estenssoro, Carmen Silvia Valente Barbas, Arturo Briva
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

The demand for intensivists is increasing around the world, not only to meet the needs of a growing aging population, but also to fill positions in the intensive care unit now occupied by other specialists, since there is compelling evidence that the presence of critical care practitioners improves patient outcomes. Notwithstanding this, the shortage of intensivists is a problem recognized throughout the world. In this article, we discuss these issues in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay, three upper-middle income Latin American countries where critical care has been a medical specialty for decades and intensive care unit coverage traditionally has followed the 24/7 model. The lack of intensivists is multifactorial: the specialty is not taught to medical students; there is a general perception of a negative lifestyle compared with the practice of other medical specialties, due mainly to the constant 24-hour shift work; and there is general dissatisfaction with incomes, which has forced many intensivists into multijob schemes. The expected-and feared-consequences are the 40 to 70% vacant posts in residencies of critical care. Despite these drawbacks, scientific societies and colleges are intensely committed, pointing out these problems to the press, calling the health authorities for action, and permanently generating educational activities. Surprisingly, 83% of surveyed intensivists would choose critical care medicine again, evidencing the strong vocational component in its practice, which seems to predominate over negative aspects.
PRIORITY IN METHOD OF TREATING BROMIDE INTOXICATION
Authors: George B. Hassin
Journal: JAMA (1931)

To the Editor:  —Referring to Weidman's note on Priority in Treatment of Bromide Intoxication (The Journal, October 25, p. 1281), Dr. Herman Goldenberg stated (The Journal, November 29, p. 1689) that, though he used the salt treatment of the latter condition before Harris and Hauser and Wile and his co-workers, he does not know who was the originator of this method.  In an article published in the Neurologisches Centralblatt ( 29 : 74, 1910), Ulrich, inspired, as he states, by the experiments of von Wyss, successfully treated bromide intoxication with sodium chloride. Internal doses were from 2 to 3 Gm. three times daily, while the dermatoses, acne and ulcers, yielded to applications of a 10 per cent sodium chloride solution in the form of moist dressings, and 1 per cent solution used as a mouth wash relieved the fetid odor.
Psychologist as Witness on Mental Incompetence
Authors: Howard Newcomb Morse
Journal: JAMA (1966)

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Diagnostic Decision
Authors: NORA GOLDSCHLAGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

For the best clinical use of the treadmill exercise test, and to have rational expectations of it as a reliable diagnostic tool, sound understanding of the information provided by the test is needed. The electrocardiographic response to cardiopulmonary stress; blood pressure response; and workload, heart rate, and blood pressure achieved at peak exercise all are important indicators of exercise performance and must be considered when interpreting test results. Test results indicating the presence or absence and extent of coronary artery disease must be interpreted in the light of particular clinical factors, as diagnostic accuracy differs with patient populations. Diagnostic use of the treadmill test in patients with chest pain syndromes is reviewed, and issues that must be considered by the clinician in doing the test and evaluating its results are emphasized.
Metabolic and Antirheumatic Activities of 6-Methyl-prednisolone (Medrol)
Authors: E. W. Boland, G. W. Liddle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1957)

During the past few years a concerted effort has been made to develop synthetic derivatives of hydrocortisone and cortisone which would retain their anti-inflammatory activity but would be devoid of certain of their unwanted physiologic effects.Hope that analogues with enhanced therapeutic indices could be synthesized has stemmed from the knowledge that several properties of the naturally occurring hormones may be modified, sometimes selectively, by making changes in their chemical structures.