tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Failure to heal vitamin D-deficiency rickets and suppress secondary hyperparathyroidism with conventional doses of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3.
Authors: D R Gillies, P J Congdon
Journal: BMJ (1982)

the same edition where Minerva expressed dismay that Mr Norman Fowler has announced that he is, indeed, prepared to kill members of the public (for some types of murder).In a way, possession of nuclear weapons turns us all into violent criminals.
Adenoviral-mediated transfer of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene reduces acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in rats.
Authors: S P Janssens, K D Bloch, Z Nong, R D Gerard, P Zoldhelyi, D Collen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Nitric oxide (NO), a vasodilator involved in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone, is synthesized by a family of enzymes, nitric oxide synthases (NOS). To investigate whether adenoviral-mediated overexpression of constitutive endothelial NOS (ceNOS) would attenuate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, we aerosolized 3 X 10(9) plaque forming units of a recombinant adenovirus containing the ceNOS gene (AdCMVceNOS) into rat lungs. Four days after infection, transgene expression was confirmed using immunoblot techniques. Diffuse ceNOS immunostaining was detected in alveoli and medium-sized and small pulmonary vessels of AdCMVceNOS-transduced lungs. AdCMVceNOS-transduction was associated with an 86% increase in [3H]arginine to [3H]citrulline conversion and a rise in pulmonary cGMP levels from 7 +/- 1 to 59 +/- 9 pmol/mg protein in lungs from AdCMVceNOS versus control rats, (P < 0.05). During acute hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.10) for 25 min, mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) increased significantly from 17 +/- 1 to 27 +/- 1 mmHg in rats aerosolized with saline (n = 4) and from 18 +/- 1 to 28 +/- 1 mmHg in rats given an adenoviral vector expressing a nuclear-targeted beta-galactosidase gene (AdCMV beta gal, n = 8). In contrast, in AdCMVceNOS-transduced rats (n = 8) the hypoxia-induced increase in PAP was significantly attenuated (18 +/- 1 to 23 +/- 2 mmHg). Systemic blood pressure was not affected by aerosol gene transfer. Thus, adenoviral-mediated ceNOS gene transfer to rat lungs increases ceNOS expression and activity, and reduces acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Aerosolized recombinant adenovirus overexpressing vasodilatory proteins can act as a selective pulmonary vasodilator and may hold promise as a future therapeutic strategy for pulmonary hypertension.
Multiphasic Health Testing and Medical Care as a Right
Authors: Sidney R. Garfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Abstract Although no long-term evidence exists that the course of disease is influenced by multiphasic health testing, this is largely irrelevant. Such programs are essential for other very important reasons. The existing and spreading concept of medical care as a right, with its elimination of personally paid fees, is creating a demand for periodic health checkups and health appraisals. This demand cannot be met by traditional methods totally involving the physician without great waste of doctor time. Multiphasic health testing can help separate the entry mix of patients into the well, the asymptomatic sick and the sick. This separation makes possible optimum use of physicians' services, which can be devoted to the area where they are most needed: the care of the sick.
The application of the Holter valve to the treatment of resistant ascites
Authors: A. N. Smith
Journal: Gut (1963)

comparatively rarely in persons who have been asymptomatic for long periods; and that it occurs more frequently in those with universal ulcerative colitis than in others.In addition to the willing cooperation of many records management people in the U.S. Veterans Administration and Department of Defense, the execution of this study has drawn upon the cooperation of many people through- out the staff of the National Research Council Follow-up Agency in both Washington D.C. and St
Cell Surface Receptor FPR2 Promotes Antitumor Host Defense by Limiting M2 Polarization of Macrophages
Authors: Ying Liu, Keqiang Chen, Chunyan Wang, Wanghua Gong, Teizo Yoshimura, Mingyong Liu, Ji Ming Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract FPR2 (Fpr2 in mouse) is a G-protein–coupled receptor interacting with bacterial and host-derived chemotactic agonists. Fpr2 supports innate and adaptive immune responses as illustrated by the reduction in severity of allergic airway inflammation in Fpr2-KO mice, due to impaired trafficking of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC). The aim of this study is to examine the role of Fpr2 in host antitumor responses. We found that Fpr2-KO mice bearing subcutaneously implanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells exhibited significantly shortened survival than normal mice due to more rapidly growing tumors. In contrast, in Fpr2-transgenic mice overexpressing Fpr2, subcutaneously implanted LLC tumors grew more slowly than those in wild-type (WT) littermates. Investigation of tumor tissues revealed an increased number of macrophages associated with tumors grown in Fpr2-KO mice. Macrophages derived from Fpr2-KO mice showed a more potent chemotactic response to LLC-derived supernatant (LLC Sup), which could be neutralized by an anti-CCL2 antibody. The increased chemotaxis of Fpr2-KO mouse macrophages in response to LLC Sup was due to their higher level expression of CCR4, a chemokine receptor that also recognizes the ligand CCL2. Furthermore, macrophages from Fpr2-KO mice acquired an M2 phenotype after stimulation with LLC Sup. These results suggest that Fpr2 plays an important role in host defense against implanted LLC by sustaining macrophages in an M1 phenotype with more potent antitumor activities. Cancer Res; 73(2); 550–60. ©2012 AACR.
Explaining ideology: Two factors are better than one
Authors: Philip Robbins, Kenneth Shields
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Hibbing et al. contend that individual differences in political ideology can be substantially accounted for in terms of differences in a single psychological factor, namely, strength of negativity bias. We argue that, given the multidimensional structure of ideology, a better explanation of ideological variation will take into account both individual differences in negativity bias and differences in empathic concern.
Influence of Anomalous Blood Viscosity on Resistance to Flow in the Dog's Hind Limb
Authors: MATTHEW N. LEVY, Harrison Zieske, Marcus L. Slwobe
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

Observations were made on an isolated hind leg preparation of dogs, perfused with blood and various homogeneous perfusates. A wide range of intravascular pressures were used while a constant arteriovenous pressure gradient was maintained. It was found that parallel increases in arterial and venous pressures result in a reduction in resistance to blood flow. A similar change in resistance is observed when more homogeneous perfusates are employed. Therefore, under the conditions of these experiments, the reduction in resistance with elevation of intravascular pressure must be ascribed principally to passive distention of the vascular bed.
Evaluating spatial transformation procedures as universals
Authors: Lawrence M. Parsons
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Shepard proposes that the human mind relies on screw displacement because of its adaptive simplicity and uniqueness. I discuss this hypothesis by assessing screw displacement with respect to (1) other plausible spatial transformations, (2) a variety of criteria for adaptive efficiency and utility, and (3) a variety of psychological conditions in which observed responses discriminate amongst alternative spatial procedures. [Shepard]
Safety Closure Caps
Authors: William M. Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The firm of Plough, Inc., has recently distributed reprints of a publication entitled, "Safety Closure Caps: Safety Measure for Prevention of Accidental Drug Poisoning in Children," by Jay M. Arena, M.D. (<i>JAMA</i><b>169</b>:1188 [March 14] 1959). It is desirable that physicians who are interested in the prevention of accidental drug poisoning in children should be familiar with the findings of Roger J. Meyer in "Acetylsalicylic Acid Poisoning" (<i>Amer J Dis Child</i><b>102</b>:17 [July] 1961). Based upon interviews conducted in a series of 128 acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) poisonings, Meyer reports that, "Almost all children were able to uncap a 'Safetycap' acetylsalicylic acid bottle used as part of the testing procedure with other items. Most children easily bit off the plastic cap of the 'child-proof safety container used widely in commercial preparations."
Antihypertensive Efficacy of Urapidil Versus Hydrochlorothiazide Alone in Patients with Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertension and of their Combination in Nonresponders to Monotherapy
Authors: R. Fariello, C. Dal Palu, A. Pessina, A. Sernplicini, A. Pirrelli, V. Vulpis, R. Carretta, G. Bellini, R. Buoninconti, W. Wurst, A. Spinazzi, G. Cattaneo, G. Muiesan
Journal: Drugs (1990)
790 INSULIN RESISTANCE IS A SPECIFIC FEATURE OF HEPATIC FIBROSIS AND STEATOSIS IN HCV MONOINFECTED PATIENTS BUT NOT IN HIV-HCV COINFECTED PATIENTS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: P. Halfon, G. Penaranda, F. Carrat, P. Bedossa, J. Lambert, C. Perronne, S. Pol, M. Bourliere, D. Ouzan, C. Renou, P. Cacoub
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Improved survival in chronic myeloid leukemia since the introduction of imatinib therapy: a single-institution historical experience
Authors: Hagop Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Alfonso Quintas-Cardama, Jenny Shan, Mary Beth Rios, Farhad Ravandi, Stefan Faderl, Tapan Kadia, Gautam Borthakur, Xuelin Huang, Richard Champlin, Moshe Talpaz, Jorge Cortes
Journal: Blood (2012)
Endocardial, intramural, and epicardial activation patterns during sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in late canine myocardial infarction.
Authors: H Garan, J T Fallon, S Rosenthal, J N Ruskin
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Thirteen dogs in whom at least one morphologically distinct sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) could be reproducibly initiated by programmed cardiac stimulation 18 +/- 3 days following experimental myocardial infarction were placed on total cardiopulmonary bypass for detailed study of the endocardial and epicardial activation during VT under hemodynamically stable conditions. Thirteen morphologically distinct monomorphic VTs were investigated by simultaneous epicardial, endocardial, and intramural bipolar recordings. Local electrograms were used to generate computer-assisted isochronous-activation sequence maps. A complete reentry circuit could be mapped on the epicardial surface in 4 animals and on the endocardial surface in one other animal. In the remaining 8 animals, there was a gap period lasting 43-62 msec in the cardiac cycle during which no endocardial or epicardial activity was observed. In 6 of the 8 animals, bipolar intramural recordings from sites closely associated with regions of endocardial and epicardial conduction block showed intramural activity progressing slowly during the gap period. In these 6 animals, a reentry circuit could be completed by incorporating the local electrograms recorded from the intramural sites. VT could be reproducibly terminated by selectively rendering only these intramural sites refractory by critically timed extrastimuli that failed to result in global ventricular capture. VT could be terminated by epicardial cooling in 2 of the 4 animals with epicardial reentry. By contrast, epicardial cryoablation did not effect intramural reentry and failed to interrupt VT. In this study, intramural pathways constituted an integral part of the reentry circuit in a large proportion of the VTs.
Application of Cold to Burns
Authors: W. F. Gemmill
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Recently, several articles appeared in the literature on the application of cold for the treatment of burns, at one time considered prohibited. Like many other methods of medical treatment, reevaluation often shows surprisingly enough that many discarded treatments are not without merit. The writer's unforgettable experience is significant. At the age of 4 years, 70 years ago, he ran with bare feet through the white ashes of a brush fire with live coals underneath, sustaining extensive second degree burns of both feet (blisters). Psychologically the desire was for application of something cold to relieve the intense burning. The pain was excruciating and was relieved immediately and completely by the immersion of the feet in a large receptacle of cold water. When the feet were removed from the water, the pain again became unbearable; likewise, when the water became warmer, the pain increased proportionally and was repeatedly relieved
Bone homeostasis in growth hormone receptor–null mice is restored by IGF-I but independent of Stat5
Authors: Natalie A. Sims, Philippe Clément-Lacroix, Francesca Da Ponte, Yasmina Bouali, Nadine Binart, Richard Moriggl, Vincent Goffin, Karen Coschigano, Martine Gaillard-Kelly, John Kopchick, Roland Baron, Paul A. Kelly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Growth hormone (GH) regulates both bone growth and remodeling, but it is unclear whether these actions are mediated directly by the GH receptor (GHR) and/or IGF-I signaling. The actions of GH are transduced by the Jak/Stat signaling pathway via Stat5, which is thought to regulate IGF-I expression. To determine the respective roles of GHR and IGF-I in bone growth and remodeling, we examined bones of wild-type, GHR knockout (GHR–/–), Stat5ab–/–, and GHR–/– mice treated with IGF-I. Reduced bone growth in GHR–/– mice, due to a premature reduction in chondrocyte proliferation and cortical bone growth, was detected after 2 weeks of age. Additionally, although trabecular bone volume was unchanged, bone turnover was significantly reduced in GHR–/– mice, indicating GH involvement in the high bone-turnover level during growth. IGF-I treatment almost completely rescued all effects of the GHR–/– on both bone growth and remodeling, supporting a direct effect of IGF-I on both osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Whereas bone length was reduced in Stat5ab–/– mice, there was no reduction in trabecular bone remodeling or growth-plate width as observed in GHR–/– mice, indicating that the effects of GH in bone may not involve Stat5 activation.
Cullen's Sign
Authors: E. F. B. Cadman
Journal: BMJ (1958)

g) Audible Monitoring.-There shall be an optional audible monitoring signal synchronized with the pulses.(h) Safety Precautions.-One of the patient terminals shall be connected to earth and the case.Dangerous potentials shall be excluded from the patient's circuit in the event of valve or component failure. II. CONSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTSMinimum constructional requirements shall be those set out in Inter-Service Specification R.C.S. 1,000.The subcommittee reports that one prototype fulfilling the above specification has worked satisfactorily for over five years.The Subcommittee is greatly indebted to the following co-opted members who gave valuable assistance in the work: Messrs.
Temporal Changes in the Care and Outcomes of Elderly Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction, 1987 Through 1990
Authors: Chris L. Pashos
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To investigate changes between 1987 and 1990 in the care and outcomes associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly patients.Retrospective cohort study using a longitudinal database created from Medicare administrative files.Cohorts comprising a total of 856,847 AMI patients insured by Medicare between 1987 and 1990.Annual rates of mortality at 30 days and 1 year following AMI, and the use of coronary angiography, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty during the first 90 days after a new AMI.Between 1987 and 1990, mortality rates decreased 10% overall from 26% to 23% at 30 days (P < .001) and from 40% to 36% at 1 year following AMI (P < .001). Declines in mortality and adjusted risks of 1-year mortality were similar in men and women and in blacks and whites, but mortality declines were more evident in those younger than 85 years. Meanwhile, the proportion of elderly AMI patients having angiography within the first 90 days after their index admission increased from 24% to 33% (P < .001); proportions increased for both genders and all races. The proportion of patients undergoing revascularization procedures increased from 13% to 21%; while rates of bypass surgery increased from 8% to 11%, rates of angioplasty doubled from 5% to 10% (all P < .001).Between 1987 and 1990, survival of elderly patients following AMI improved significantly. While changes in patient treatment may be responsible, the increased use of thrombolytic therapy appears to be only a partial explanation. Also, while the use of coronary angiography and revascularization procedures increased dramatically, the degree to which it caused the improvement in survival could not be determined.
Bone Imaging in Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Knee
Authors: MOHAN MAKHIJA, IRVING STEIN, ROBERT GROSSMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a proliferative disorder of unknown etiology that can affect joints, tendons, and bursae. The most widely accepted theory is that it is probably inflammatory in origin. This disorder occurs most frequently in the third or fourt decades of life and has no sex predilection. Symptoms related to PVNS are slowly progressive, and as a joint problem it affects the knee and hip most. Swelling or a synovial mass is often noted when the knee, ankle, and elbow are involved. All the standard laboratory studies are normal in these cases. Reports of the appearance of PVNS on nuclear bone imaging are sparse. Presented here is threephase bone imaging in a surgically proven case of PVNS involving the knee.
Importance of Proper Identification of Stinging Insects
Authors: H.C. George Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters7 March 2000Importance of Proper Identification of Stinging InsectsH.C. George Wong, MDH.C. George Wong, MDUniversity of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia V3A 1J2, Canada (Wong)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-5-200003070-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The interesting comment from DeGrandi-Hoffman and Hoffman (1) suggest that the bee sting dysphagia described by Shah and Tsang (2) was due to a yellow jacket. Although they point out the differences between a honey bee and a yellow jacket/wasp, a few important points need to be clarified.The authors emphasize that proper identification of stinging insects on a morphologic basis or according to history is important for desensitization. However, the guidelines for venom immunotherapy have been well established (3). Patients, especially adults, with a systemic reaction to the stinging insect and a positive response on an ...References1. DeGrandi-Hoffman G, Hoffman RF. Bee sting dysphagia [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:943. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Shah D, Tsang TK. Bee sting dysphagia [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:253. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Golden DB, Schwartz HJ. Guidelines for venom immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1986;77:727-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Mulfinger L, Yunginger J, Styer W, Guralnick M, Linter T. Sting morphology and frequency of sting autonomy among medically important vespids (Hymenoptera:Vespidae) and honey been (Hymenoptera:Apidae). J Med Entomol. 1992;29:325-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Yunginger JW. Insect allergy. In: Middleton E Jr, Reid CE, Ellis EF, Atkinson NF Jr, Yunginger JW, Busse WW, eds. Allergy Principles and Practice. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby-Year Book; 1998:1063-72. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of British Columbia; Vancouver, British Columbia V3A 1J2, Canada (Wong) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoBee Sting Dysphagia Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman and Richard F. Hoffman Metrics 7 March 2000Volume 132, Issue 5Page: 418KeywordsAllergy and immunologyAntigensAttentionBeesDysphagiaEpinephrineHoneySkin testsVenoms Issue Published: 7 March 2000 CopyrightCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Growth Hormone, the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System, and the Kidney*
Authors: STELLA FELD, RAIMUND HIRSCHBERG
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1996)

GROWTH hormone and the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) compile a complex, interrelated system of three peptide hormones, GH, IGF-I, and IGF-II, their specific receptors, and a series of binding proteins. The authors intend to review all aspects of GH, IGFs, and their binding proteins that relate to the normal anatomy and physiology of the kidney and their relationship to pathophysiology and pathobiology of the kidney and to selected kidney diseases. This manuscript will update and expand on previous review articles that were published by different authors (1–4). The reader's attention may also be drawn to an outstanding recent review by Jones and Clemmons (5) on the general biology of IGF-I and its binding proteins. In this introduction a basic review of GH, IGFs, their receptors, and binding proteins will be provided as a basis for the subsequent discussion on their association with the kidney. GH is the strongest secretagogue for IGF-I, and some (but not all) effects of GH on peripheral tissues are physiologically mediated by IGF-I.
A farewell to alms
Authors: Jeremiah Norris
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—The recent UN prediction that its millennium development goals will be missed by a wide margin may stop the UN and its specialised agencies from adopting promethean goals they cannot hope to meet.1

The G8 meeting is an opportunity to re-examine outmoded development principles. The Commission for Africa recommends a doubling of aid, reaching $75 billion (£41 billion; €112 billion) annually by 2015 and total debt forgiveness.2 Of the $75 billion, 44% is directed towards health related millennium development goals. …
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
Authors: Jeffrey I. Weitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

After almost two decades of intensive research, low-molecular-weight heparins have established their niche as an important class of antithrombotic compounds. The demonstration that these compounds are safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism has led to the licensing of several of them in Europe and North America. In addition, danaparoid sodium, which is a mixture of dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate, is often used for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.1 Low-molecular-weight heparins have replaced unfractionated heparin in many parts of Europe but are only now finding their place in North America. Their use is . . .