tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Firearm Access and Suicide-Reply
Authors: Joshua A. Perper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Dr Blackman raises concerns about the size of the study as limiting the ability to draw firm conclusions. However, this study is a replication of a previously published comparison of 27 suicides and 56 suicidal adolescents.<sup>1</sup>The fact that<i>both</i>studies yielded the same results strengthens the ability to draw the conclusion that the availability of firearms is a risk factor for adolescent suicide. Blackman raises an interesting hypothesis, "that household gun ownership is positively associated with mental health in teenagers." I am not sure if Blackman is suggesting that there are salutary properties associated with firearm ownership, or whether those families with psychiatrically ill adolescents are less likely to have a gun available in the home. Both the suicide victims and suicide attempters were psychiatrically ill, but the rate of firearm ownership was higher in families of suicide victims, suggesting that there is no relationship between
Severe Alkalosis During Assisted Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Thomas L. Petty
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  The otherwise excellent review by Drs Schmidt and Hall 1 includes an important misleading statement. Quoting Martin et al, 2 the authors indicate a 2-year survival after hospital discharge in acute on chronic respiratory failure of 72%. This statement is in the section on indications for mechanical ventilation. However, only 1 of the 36 patients in the study by Martin et al required intubation and mechanical ventilation. The others were managed without a mechanical ventilator. Thus, it is misleading to include this statement in the section on mechanical ventilation.  A number of years ago, we found that 48 consecutive patients with acute on chronic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had a 38% survival at 2 years following the first episode of mechanical ventilation. 3
Tight Regulation of Memory CD8+ T Cells Limits Their Effectiveness during Sustained High Viral Load
Authors: Erin E. West, Ben Youngblood, Wendy G. Tan, Hyun-Tak Jin, Koichi Araki, Gabriela Alexe, Bogumila T. Konieczny, Silvia Calpe, Gordon J. Freeman, Cox Terhorst, W. Nicholas Haining, Rafi Ahmed
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Diminished Expression of Transcription Factors Nuclear Factor κB and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Underlies a Novel Tumor Evasion Mechanism Affecting Macrophages of Mammary Tumor–Bearing Mice
Authors: Marta Torroella-Kouri, Xiaojing Ma, Giselle Perry, Milena Ivanova, Pedro J. Cejas, Jennifer L. Owen, Vijaya Iragavarapu-Charyulu, Diana M. Lopez
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Interactions between malignant tumors and the host immune system shape the course of cancer progression. The molecular basis of such interactions is the subject of immense interest. Proinflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages are critical mediators of immune responses that contribute to the control of the advancement of neoplasia. We have shown that the expressions of interleukin 12 (IL-12) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are decreased in macrophages from mammary tumor-bearing mice. In this study, we investigated the causes of IL-12 dysregulation and found deficient nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) expression and function in tumor bearers' peritoneal macrophages. The constitutive expressions of NFkappaB p50, c-rel, p65, and C/EBPalpha and beta, as well as the lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear translocation and DNA binding of NFkappaB components and C/EBPalpha and beta, are profoundly impaired in macrophages from mice bearing D1-DMBA-3 tumors. Because similar findings occur with the iNOS gene, it seems that it represents a novel mechanism by which tumor-derived factors interfere with the host immune defenses.
The Road to H: Narcotics, Delinquency, and Social Policy
Authors: Martin Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Four behavioral scientists here report on heroin use among New York males aged 16-20. The discussion confirms facts previously believed, advances new ideas, and advocates changes in policy. There is a thorough treatment of the study's methodology; the psychological and social factors correlated with addiction are fully presented. The distinction between occasional use of heroin and addiction is considered basic; heroin has no universal addictive impact—it acts only on susceptible personalities. The authors state that the harmfulness of heroin has been grossly overemphasized; the worst consequences of its use are a direct result of its illegality. The authors suggest that addicts cannot be "cured" by forced psychotherapy within institutions and that we must seriously consider the establishment of comprehensive clinics which will supply the addict with his opiate, analagous to the diabetic's insulin supply. Two questionable assertions come to mind: first, the statement that heroin addicts derive no "positive pleasures"
Binding and biological effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on cultured human neonatal foreskin keratinocytes.
Authors: S Pillai, D D Bikle, T E Eessalu, B B Aggarwal, P M Elias
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) localizes to the epidermis when injected in vivo, but its role in the skin has heretofore not been evaluated. As a first approach to assessing the role of TNF alpha in the skin, we evaluated the binding and biological effects of TNF alpha on human neonatal foreskin keratinocytes maintained in culture. We found that TNF alpha at 0.3-1.0 nM inhibited proliferation of keratinocytes in a reversible fashion as demonstrated by a reduction in total DNA content and clonal growth. The antiproliferative effects were most marked when TNF alpha was added in the preconfluent stages of cell growth. Accompanying this antiproliferative effect was a stimulation by TNF alpha of differentiation of keratinocytes as indicated by the stimulation of cornified envelope formation. Keratinocytes specifically bound TNF alpha, reaching maximal binding in 2 h at 34 degrees C or 8 h at 4 degrees C. Much of the apparent binding at 34 degrees C was due to internalization of the TNF alpha. At 4 degrees C the rate of internalization was much less. Confluent keratinocytes showed a single class of high-affinity receptors with 1,250 receptors/cell and a Kd of 0.28 nM. These data suggest a role for TNF alpha in the growth and differentiation of the epidermis.
Rat hepatocytes isolated from alcohol-induced fatty liver have an increased sensitivity to anoxic injury
Authors: P Caraceni, H S Ryu, V Subbotin, N De Maria, A Colantoni, L Roberts, F Trevisani, M Bernardi, D H Van Thiel
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The aim of this study was to determine whether rat hepatocytes isolated from steatotic or nonsteatotic livers have different thresholds for injury due to anoxia-reoxygenation. Rats were fed ethanol or control diets for 8 weeks. Histology showed that more than 75% of the hepatocytes in alcohol-fed and less than 3% in control animals contained fatty vacuoles. The glycogen content was significantly reduced in steatotic livers. Isolated hepatocytes were cast in agarose gel threads and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer. Cell viability was determined by Trypan Blue (TB) exclusion; cell injury was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release; and superoxide anion (O2.-) was determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (LCL). During the pre-anoxic basal perfusion the following occurred: viability was 86% +/- 1% and 85% +/- 1%; LDH release was 16 +/- 3 and 15 +/- 3 mU/min; and LCL was 4 +/- 1 and 5 +/- 1 nA in steatotic and nonsteatotic hepatocytes, respectively. Cell viability decreased slightly under 4 hours of aerobic perfusion without differences between the two groups. In contrast, fatty hepatocytes died much faster than did control hepatocytes during anoxia; after 3 hours viability was 17% +/- 8% vs. 60% +/- 2% (P < .001), respectively. With reoxygenation following 2 hours of anoxia, the changes in viability, in LDH release, and in LCL were similar in both groups. These results indicate that in hepatocytes isolated from alcohol-fed rats when compared with control hepatocytes: 1) cell viability under aerobic conditions is not influenced; 2) anoxic injury is significantly increased; 3) a reduction in the hepatic glycogen stores, which may contribute to the enhanced sensitivity to anoxia, can be demonstrated; and 4) O2.- generation and cell injury occurring immediately after reoxygenation do not appear to be affected.
Complement system on the attack in autoimmunity
Authors: John P. Atkinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

The antiphospholipid syndrome is characterized clinically by fetal loss and thrombosis and serologically by the presence of autoantibodies to lipid-binding proteins. In a model of this procoagulant condition in which these antibodies are injected into pregnant mice, fetal loss was prevented by blocking of complement activation. Specifically, interaction of complement component 5a (C5a) with its receptor is necessary for thrombosis of placental vasculature (see the related article beginning on page 1644). Inhibition of complement activation may have a therapeutic role in this disease.
The wild canary (or as i die)
Authors: Michael C. Peterson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Ad Libitum15 June 2004The wild canary (or as i die)Michael C. Peterson, MDMichael C. Peterson, MDFrom Nephi, UT 84648.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-12-200406150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail i cough and smother, mygrown daughter cried when that youngdoctor said “malignant effusion . . .” and morphine,morphine makes me whirl and sick, and itwirl back through pretty oil pastels todandelions, my sundress, our tetter-totter, anda hot slide on bare tan legs, butin my chest—something's angry, and ichoke and it pushes, abird flicked past my window now i think, and isaw a little bright wild canary once when iplayed with my sister inthe creek and we splashed and squealed, butdon't ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Nephi, UT 84648.Current Author Address: Michael C. Peterson, MD, 591 East 500 N, Nephi, UT 84648. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 2004Volume 140, Issue 12Page: 1056KeywordsMorphineOilsPharynx ePublished: 15 June 2004 Issue Published: 15 June 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Leisure Corner
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF PROPENSITY MATCHED RADIAL AND FEMORAL CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION AND CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Pascha Schafer, Matthew T. Sacrinty, Justin W. Smith, William Little, Sanjay Gandhi, Michael Kutcher, Renato Santos, Timothy Smith, Adam C. Cecile, Robert Applegate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Effect of radiotherapy and hyperthermia on the tumor accumulation of HPMA copolymer-based drug delivery systems
Authors: Twan Lammers, Peter Peschke, Rainer Kühnlein, Vladimir Subr, Karel Ulbrich, Jürgen Debus, Peter Huber, Wim Hennink, Gert Storm
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2006)
The accumulation of dual pH and temperature responsive micelles in tumors
Authors: Yi-Chun Chen, Li-Chi Liao, Pei-Lin Lu, Chun-Liang Lo, Hsieh-Chih Tsai, Chiung-Yin Huang, Kuo-Chen Wei, Tzu-Chen Yen, Ging-Ho Hsiue
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Abstract OT2-6-15: Efficacy and safety of vintafolide alone and vintafolide plus paclitaxel vs paclitaxel alone in advanced triple negative breast cancer subjects using etarfolatide subject selection
Authors: EV Schmidt, AM Leighton-Swayze, ME Hanson, H Brown, CK Gause, R El Galta, AE Denker, S-L Yao
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Vintafolide (V) is a folic acid-vinca alkaloid small molecule drug conjugate that targets tumors that over-express the folate receptor (FR). 99mTc-etarfolatide (EC20) is a folate-targeted molecular imaging agent being developed to identify FR-positive tumors. Data suggest that triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) expressing high levels of FR are likely to benefit from treatment with vintafolide. Trial design/Patient eligibility: This is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, Phase IIa trial in subjects with advanced TNBC. Patients will be evaluated for tumor specific expression of the FR using a EC20 SPECT/CT scan and classified as FR(100%) if 100% of RECIST 1.1 target lesions are FR-positive. Only FR(100%) patients are eligible for treatment and will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to V alone, V + paclitaxel (P) or P alone. V will be administered at 2.5 mg IV 3x/week for 2 weeks on Days 1, 3, 5, 15, 17 and 19 of a 28-day cycle. P will be administered at 80 mg/m2 IV on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22. Specific aims: The primary endpoint for the trial is centrally assessed progression free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives include: assess the frequency of target tumors expressing FR(100%) vs FR(20-80%) vs FR(0%) in subjects with TNBC using EC20 SPECT scans; compare the clinical activity in subjects with advanced TNBC of V alone vs P and V + P vs P alone as measured by objective response rate (ORR), (complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]), clinical benefit rate (CBR; CR + PR + stable disease for ≥6 months), and overall survival; and assess the safety and tolerability of V alone vs P alone and V + P vs P alone in subjects with advanced TNBC. Statistical methods and target accrual: PFS and overall survival will be assessed in the intention to treat population using a stratified Cox model with Efron's tie handling method, and Kaplan-Meier method for PFS and OS curve estimation, respectively, in each treatment group. Inferential comparisons between the arms will be tested using the stratified log-rank test at one sided alpha level of 5%. This study will randomize 34 subjects into each treatment group with total study duration of ∼16-17 months. The study has 80% power to demonstrate that either patients treated with V or patients treated with V + P combination have a higher median time to an event of PFS than subjects treated with P at an unadjusted one-sided, 5% alpha-level, if the underlying constant hazard ratio between treatment groups is 0.5 and median survival time of 2.6 months. First patient enrollment is targeted for October. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr OT2-6-15.
Hidden hepatitis B virus infection in liver in chronic hepatitis C in the absence of hepatitis B virus DNA and hepatitis B virus surface antigen in serum
Authors: E. Rodriguez-Inigo, J. Bartolome, I. Castillo, N. Ortiz-Movilla, M. Pardo, L.F. Mariscal, C. Navacerrada, V. Carreno
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Redirection of antileukemic reactivity of peripheral T lymphocytes using gene transfer of minor histocompatibility antigen HA-2-specific T-cell receptor complexes expressing a conserved alpha joining region
Authors: Mirjam H. M. Heemskerk, Manja Hoogeboom, Roelof A. de Paus, Michel G. D. Kester, Menno A. W. G. van der Hoorn, Els Goulmy, Roel Willemze, J. H. Frederik Falkenburg
Journal: Blood (2003)
Abortion or contraception?
Authors: D S Holland
Journal: BMJ (1971)

largeness in body, nor no sickness, nor lack of natural functions in those things that properly belong to the procreation of child- ren, but contrarywise, by judgement of physicians that know her estate on those things and by the opinion of women, being most acquainted with her Majesty's body in such things as properly appertain, to show probability of her aptness to have children, even at this day."3If the evidence of this memorandum is accepted, the factors which influenced Elizabeth against marriage were probably political, psychological, and religious, not to mention personal survival, rather than any physical complaint.
Representation of South Asian people in randomised clinical trials: analysis of trials' data
Authors: S. Mason
Journal: BMJ (2003)

ment in 23/26-88% (71% to 96%)-of cases.The discharge destinations recommended by the geriatrician were to a rehabilitation ward (eight patients), home with extra support (seven), nursing home (three), NHS continuing care (two), medicine for the elderly ward (one), hospice (one), and medical ward (one).We thank R J C Steele and M Lavelle-Jones for assisting us with conducting this study.Contributors: GBH had the original idea.
Treating MS: getting to know the two birds in the bush
Authors: Terri M. Laufer, Gregory F. Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Current therapies for immune-mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and MS, could represent the proverbial bird in the hand - a known entity, yet limited in potential. Emerging biologic therapeutics for these diseases carry with them the potential for known as well as unknown adverse effects. Alemtuzumab, a biologic that depletes leukocytes, shows great promise for the treatment of MS. However, a significant number of patients develop autoimmunity after treatment, raising the level of caution for the use of this drug. In this issue of the JCI, Jones et al. describe a link between IL-21 levels and alemtuzumab-associated autoimmunity (see the related article beginning on page 2052). They show that proliferation of lymphocytes in those patients with autoimmunity is higher than in those without autoimmunity and suggest that the lymphopenia-driven proliferation of T cells, in combination with higher IL-21 levels, results in autoimmunity. This study helps inspire new enthusiasm for making a grab for the proverbial two birds in the bush - representing undiscovered therapies - with greater confidence.
The serum concentrations of the aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen type III and the hepatic content of mRNA for the α1 chain of procollagen type III in carbon tetrachloride-induced rat liver fibrogenesis
Authors: Akira Hayasaka, Julie Koch, Detlef Schuppan, Willis C. Maddrey, Eckhart G. Hahn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Popular Press Coverage of Eight National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Topics
Authors: John D. Winkler
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The quality of medical journalism has been widely criticized. As part of a larger evaluation study, we analyzed popular press coverage of eight topics selected by the National Institutes of Health for consensus development conferences in 1979 and 1980. Using periodical indexes to identify relevant articles, we analyzed the characteristics of 269 topical articles published in newspapers and magazines in the four years surrounding each conference and examined the role that the conference played in subsequent reporting. Most topics received widespread press interest that culminated around the time of each conference. Consensus findings were widely cited in articles that appeared after the conferences. Articles were mostly factual and balanced, relied on experts, and emphasized major themes covered by the conference. We conclude that the popular press can make an important contribution to the dissemination of new medical information.
Abstract 3199: Pterostilbene supresses prostate cancer progression in transgenic mice model
Authors: Liangfen Zhang, Swati Dhar, Agnes M. Rimando, Avinash Kumar, Janice Lage, Jack R. Lewin, Xu Zhang, Anait S. Levenson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is a cancer progression-related epigenetic modifier whose overexpression is associated with aggressive prostate cancer (PCa), disease recurrence and metastasis in men. We previously found that MTA1 expression is significantly increased in Pten-null murine cells, and that resveratrol and its analogues inhibit MTA1 expression. In the current study, we used the murine Pten knockout PCa model to evaluate the effect of pterostilbene (PTER) on MTA1-mediated events in PCa progression. Pterostilbene is a potent natural analogue of resveratrol with improved pharmacokinetic properties and superior pharmacological potency. The Pten conditional knockout mice that mimic human disease and provide fast stage-defined development of PCa were fed, starting at 3 weeks of age, with phytoestrogen-free diet AIN 76A and injected daily (i.p.) either with 10% DMSO (control, untreated) or with 10 mg/kg bw PTER until 6, 10, 15 and 25 weeks of age. At necropsy, mouse prostates were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. For protein analysis, mouse prostate dissection was performed to distinguish anterior prostate (AP) and dorso-latero-ventral (DLV) lobes. Our results showed that the PTER-treated group had a lower tumor grade and higher incidence of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) at the expense of a substantial decrease in adenocarcinoma incidence. Prostate tissues from the PTER-treated group presented a decrese in Ki67 proliferation marker-positive cells and an increase in apoptosis. As potential mechanisms of PTER efficacy, 50-75% decrease in MTA1 and pAkt levels were observed at different time points. In addition, PTER inhibited androgen receptor (AR) expression, especially in the AP. Taken together, our findings suggest that PTER blocks PCa growth and progression at PIN stage in Pten conditional knockout mice model through inhibition of MTA1-Akt axis. Citation Format: Liangfen Zhang, Swati Dhar, Agnes M. Rimando, Avinash Kumar, Janice Lage, Jack R. Lewin, Xu Zhang, Anait S. Levenson. Pterostilbene supresses prostate cancer progression in transgenic mice model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3199. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3199
Relationship between corrected TIMI frame counts at three weeks and late survival after myocardial infarction
Authors: John K French, Thomas A Hyde, Ivan T Straznicky, Jacqueline Andrews, Mayanna Lund, David J Amos, Andrew Zambanini, Christopher J Ellis, Bruce J Webber, Stephanie C McLaughlin, Ralph M.L Whitlock, Samuel O.M Manda, Hitesh Patel, Harvey D White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)