tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prediction of oxygenation during sleep in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.
Authors: J L McKeon, K Murree-Allen, N A Saunders
Journal: Thorax (1988)

The accuracy of a prediction equation for assessing the lowest arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) during sleep was determined in 24 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive lung disease referred for assessment for home oxygen therapy. Subjects had a mean (SD) FEV1 of 0.81 (0.31) litre and an FEV1/FVC of 37% (12%). There was reasonable agreement between predicted and measured values (mean difference [predicted-measured] = -2.5%) but the prediction was not precise as the 95% confidence interval for the difference was +8% to -13%. The duration of arterial oxygen desaturation, defined as the percentage of total sleep time spent below a given SaO2, was not predicted accurately. It is concluded that nocturnal arterial oxygen desaturation in individual patients with chronic obstructive lung disease cannot be predicted from "awake" measurements with sufficient accuracy to be clinically useful.
GMC panellist was banned for not disclosing links with Scientologists
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The General Medical Council has been forced to disclose documents it tried to keep secret about its handling of a case involving a lay panel member who was banned from hearing professional conduct cases after failing to disclose the extent of his links with the Church of Scientology.

The UK regulator has written to around 70 doctors to tell them that Christopher Brightmore, one of the panel members who sat on their cases, had his contract as a panellist terminated in 2004. The Citizens Commission for Human Rights, founded by the church, campaigns against “the seduction and contamination of medicine by psychiatrists.”

The GMC says that a review of Mr Brightmore’s cases by external solicitors, supported …
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF DIPHTHERIA
Authors: J. D. Rolleston
Journal: BMJ (1928)

THE unflagging intel est taken in thec subject of thee pre- irention and treatment of diphtheria, which-lappeals alike to the general physician, pediatriciani, hyvgienist, and bahteriologist, is sho}wn bb the f"-,ct that this is the, fifthi tine within tw o and a saf years thiat I hiave been hoeouredWith an invitation to open a discussion more or less directly cononected witli thle subject.A certaini amioount of repetition of what I htave said on previouis occasions is thierefore inevitable, but I iave endeavoured to brinig my remarks imp to date.The question of preveiition-may be considered undner two headings-namaiely, (1) general mneasures, includinig isolation, disinfection, and treatment of the carrier; and (2) specific iimunization. GENERAL MEASUTRES.Althoughi it is doubtful we ether isolation of diphtheria patients in special hospitals hlas had much effect in reducimig its incidence, therer is general agreemiienit among saniitary authiorities that diphtieria is a disease which, more than any other of those admitted to fever hospitals, requtires such treatmenit.Not only does the larynigeal type of the disease need close and skilful supervision, but the pre-
High predictive accuracy of an unbiased proteomic profile for sustained virologic response in chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Keyur Patel, Joseph E. Lucas, Will J. Thompson, Laura G. Dubois, Hans L. Tillmann, Alexander J. Thompson, Diane Uzarski, Robert M. Califf, Martin A. Moseley, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, John G. McHutchison, Jeanette J. McCarthy
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection is a leading cause of endstage liver disease. Current standard-of-care (SOC) interferon-based therapy results in sustained virological response (SVR) in only one-half of patients, and is associated with significant side effects. Accurate host predictors of virologic response are needed to individualize treatment regimens. We applied a label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics discovery platform to pretreatment sera from a well-characterized and matched training cohort of 55 CHC patients, and an independent validation set of 41 CHC genotype 1 patients with characterized IL28B genotype. Accurate mass and retention time methods aligned samples to generate quantitative peptide data, with predictive modeling using Bayesian sparse latent factor regression. We identified 105 proteins of interest with two or more peptides, and a total of 3,768 peptides. Regression modeling selected three identified metaproteins, vitamin D binding protein, alpha 2 HS glycoprotein, and Complement C5, with a high predictive area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.90 for SVR in the training cohort. A model averaging approach for identified peptides resulted in an AUROC of 0.86 in the validation cohort, and correctly identified virologic response in 71% of patients without the favorable IL28B "responder" genotype.Our preliminary data indicate that a serum-based protein signature can accurately predict treatment response to current SOC in most CHC patients.
Father of the man
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

I met him in my first term in medical school. Quiet and studious, he lived just along the corridor in our hall of residence. It was Saturday but in the bleak communal washplace hung a familiar acrid smell. He was belabouring some lab coats in a soapy sink. I thought that odd—everyone else used a laundry service—and said so. He shrugged. “It saves a bob or two, and I quite like the smell of formalin.” Now he is a professor of anatomy.

In the same hall of residence lived a man whose name even then was a byword for …
Abstract 1095: microRNA-26a expression may suppress tumor growth by modulating macrophage infiltration in tumor through down-regulation of M-CSF in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zong-Tao Chai, Xiao-Dong Zhu, Jian-Yang Ao, Ling-Qun Kong, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Hui-Chuan Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose To Study molecular changes specific to tumor-derived endothelial cells. Materials and methods Tumor tissue and adjacent nontumor tissue were obtained from 27 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Primary cultured CD31+ and CD105+ tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and nontumor endothelial cells (NECs) were isolated by magnetic-activated cell sorting. Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene ST Arrays were used to determine gene expression profiles of HCC cells and matched TECs and NECs. A capillary tube formation assay was used to evaluate tube formation by the endothelial cells. The tumorigenicity of isolated TECs was monitored in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice. Results The isolated CD31+ and CD105+ TECs and NECs displayed features of endothelial cells. Both cultured HCC cells and TECs induced capillary tube formation in vitro and were incorporated into tumor vasculature in vivo. The TEC isolates had a gene signature resembling that of HCC cells, and TEC-specific genes were associated with poorer HCC survival. Conclusions A subset of TECs may originate from tumor cells, and they express a unique set of genes linked to HCC prognosis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Zong-Tao Chai, Xiao-Dong Zhu, Jian-Yang Ao, Ling-Qun Kong, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Hui-Chuan Sun. microRNA-26a expression may suppress tumor growth by modulating macrophage infiltration in tumor through down-regulation of M-CSF in hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1095. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1095
Two unusual forms of human immunoglobulin E encoded by alternative RNA splicing of epsilon heavy chain membrane exons.
Authors: K Zhang, A Saxon, E E Max
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

We present evidence for RNA transcripts encoding two forms of human epsilon immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain that differ significantly from those of other isotypes. We previously demonstrated three human epsilon mRNA species, instead of the two, corresponding to membrane and secreted proteins, seen with other heavy chain transcripts. In human genomic DNA downstream of the C epsilon gene, we identified sequences homologous to the two putative murine exons M1 (encoding a hydrophobic, presumably transmembrane region) and M2 (encoding hydrophilic residues). To determine the structures of epsilon transcripts containing these sequences, we amplified epsilon-related RNAs with the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RNA was examined from fresh human B cells stimulated to IgE production by interleukin 4 plus anti-CD40, as well as from the human IgE-producing line AF10. Instead of the single CH4-M1-M2 splice product predicted for murine membrane IgE, we found two other RNA species. One form has the structure CH4-M1'-M2, in which M1' includes the human sequence homologous to the murine M1 as well as a unique segment of 52 codons further upstream in the genomic sequence; this RNA species apparently encodes the IgE expressed on the membrane of IgE-producing lymphocytes. The other RNA has the structure CH4-M2', in which M2' is spliced in an alternative reading frame that includes an additional 109 codons downstream of the termination codon of the CH4-M1'-M2 form. Because the CH4-M2' mRNA form does not encode a hydrophobic segment, its translated product should be secreted. A secreted epsilon protein of approximately the size predicted for this form was identified by Western blotting. This novel IgE protein could play a significant and distinctive role in allergic disorders.
A2.4 Association of CD55 with Reticular Fibres in the Synovial Lining in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: ON Karpus, B Niederreiter, PP Tak, JS Smolen, HP Kiener, J Hamann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> CD55 (decay-accelerating factor) is a complement-regulating protein, expressed at unusually large amounts by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in the intimal lining in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CD55 is also a ligand for CD97, an adhesion-type G protein-coupled receptor, broadly expressed by immune cells invading the inflamed synovium. We previously reported a protective effect of lack of CD55 in experimental models of RA (Hoek <i>et al</i>, Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(4): 1036–42). Current data cannot explain the high expression of CD55 by FLS. Therefore, we explored in detail the pattern of CD55 expression in RA synovial tissue and 3-D organ cultures. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Synovial tissue was obtained by miniarthroscopy and analysed by immunohistochemistry staining to visualise CD55 and collagen type III, a constituent of extracellular matrix. Reticular fibres were visualised with Gomori silver staining. Expression of CD55 mRNA in synovial tissue was detected using antisense locked nucleic acid (LNA) oligomers. CD55 expression on 2-D-cultured RA-FLS and on blood cells of healthy individuals was detected by flow cytometry and related to mRNA levels measured by qPCR. 3-D micromasses of RA-FLS were generated in matrigel and analysed by immunohistochemistry for CD55 and reticular fibres. <h3>Results</h3> CD55 was highly expressed in the synovial lining of RA tissue, both at the mRNA and the protein level. Notably, CD55 showed an extracellular staining pattern, which coincided with Gomori silver staining of reticular fibres on sequential sections. CD55 expression on 2D-cultured FLS was less abundant and comparable to PBMCs. In 3D-micromasses of RA-FLS, CD55 was upregulated after 3–4 weeks of culture and showed an extracellular distribution that resembled reticular fibres. <h3>Conclusions</h3> CD55 mRNA and protein is abundantly expressed by FLS in the intimal lining of RA synovial tissue. We provide evidence that FLS-derived CD55 is deposited in extracellular matrix structures such as reticular fibres, where it may contribute to the synovial stromal address code that facilitates the recruitment of immune cells.
Human Rabies Encephalitis in Vietnam
Authors: LOUIS P. DEHNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

The first case of human rabies encephalitis in a young American serviceman stationed in Vietnam is reported. He was bitten on the finger and was started on rabies antiserum and duck embryo vaccine approximately 36 hr later. The duck embryo vaccine was administered for 21 consecutive days. The patient died 108 days after being bitten, having the classic clinical features of rabies. Negri bodies were demonstrated in the brain, and the diagnosis was confirmed by mouse inoculation and fluorescent antibodies. The epidemiology of animal bites reported in the l Corps of South Vietnam is discussed. Delay and other factors that may explain treatment failure are examined.
Dark-Ground Illumination of Tissue Cells Cultivated "In Vitro."
Authors: T. S. P. Strangeways, R. G. Canti
Journal: BMJ (1926)

Conclusion.In conclusion, said Professor Robertson, it must be apparent to everyone that the problem of preveniting mlental disorder is not a simple one.The anialogous problem is that of the prevention of tuberculosis, with Which it has so many points in common, anid from the tampaign for its prevention much can be learned.Tlhe possible causes of mental derangement are legion, anid the possible combination of these, in in-dividual cases, bevond counting.It is clear that when sickness of mindl threatens or occurs, mental health cannot be regained by any roval road.The claims of the inidividual sufferer are in the first place paramount anld miust be studied.Every case of threatened breakdown presents a unique problem.
Review of<i>Practical Neurology Visual</i>
Authors: Shin C. Beh
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Abraham Lincoln's Philosophy of Common Sense: An Analytical Biography of a Great Mind
Authors: Charles G. Roland
Journal: JAMA (1966)

These three volumes purportedly comprise a "scientifically oriented analytical biography." The author first compiled in great detail the events in Lincoln's life, many well documented but some not. Then Kempf integrated Lincoln's youthful experiences with later behavior, attempting to prove that the former caused the latter. At the present time the historical validity of such a technique remains moot. As literature, this analytical biography is an unqualified failure. A typical paragraph, selected from the first chapter, exemplifies both the "analytical" procedure and the literary style: In youth and maturity Lincoln was unable to focus both eyes for any length of time without volitional strain. Herein existed a definite unconscious involitional determinant of a special form of self-righting compensation on conscious learning. He must not only use right eye vision against out-of-focus left eye vision; but he must consciously and conscientiously see in his mind's eye the morally right and better
Tobacco, Alcohol, and Cancer
Authors: Randal J. Thomas
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Alcohol and various forms of tobacco have been implicated as potent carcinogens.<sup>1,2</sup>1,2 A case in point is that of a 53-year-old man with an 18month history of progressive dysphonia and dysphagia, accompanied by weight loss and easy fatigability. He had had no significant prior medical problems. He was one of eight children, only two of whom survived infancy. At the age of 7 years he was committed by his parents to an industrial school for boys, primarily for disciplinary reasons. He was a superb athlete. He soon rose to stardom, amazing fans with his sporting skills and amusing them with his endless drinking and tireless escapades. Significant health risk factors included the heavy use of chewing tobacco and alcohol for nearly 45 of his 53 years, along with smoking approximately 30 cigars daily for about 30 years. On initial medical evaluation 18 months prior to
1037-148 Noninvasive diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome among patients with chest pain by echocardiographic detection of postischemic regional left ventricular delayed relaxation using color kinesis
Authors: Katsuhisa Ishii, Kunihisa Miwa, Takahiro Sakurai, Aya Kintaka, Takeshi Aoyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Concurrent disruption of p16INK4a and the ARF-p53 pathway predicts poor prognosis in aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: K Grønbæk, P de Nully Brown, MB Møller, T Nedergaard, E Ralfkiaer, P Møller, J Zeuthen, P Guldberg
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Attitudes to prescribing iron supplements in general practice.
Authors: D G Waller, A G Smith
Journal: BMJ (1987)

In response to a postal questionnaire general practitioners in the Southampton and New Forest area indicated a considerable understanding of the principles of iron prescribing and use of laboratory tests to determine iron deficiency. Many respondents, however, chose slow release and compound iron preparations as first treatments for iron deficiency. The role of parenteral iron appeared to be poorly understood. The use of and response to laboratory investigations for iron deficiency were generally appropriate, but many practitioners probably do not check for a response to oral iron sufficiently early during treatment or stop prescribing supplements before iron stores have been replenished. There is scope for further education in the biology and management of iron deficiency in general practice.
Muscle activation in coupled scapulohumeral motions in the high performance tennis serve
Authors: William B Kibler, T Jeff Chandler, Robert Shapiro, Michael Conuel
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2007)

To evaluate muscle activation patterns in selected scapulohumeral muscles in the tennis serve. These patterns of muscle activation have not been evaluated in other studies of the tennis serve. Fine wire and surface EMG was used to calculate onset and offset timing of muscle activation.Controlled laboratory study.Biomechanical laboratory.16 tennis players (age 18-40) with rated skills (National Tennis Rating Program (NTRP) rating 4.5-6.5; club tournament level or higher) were subjects.Dependent variables of muscle activation onset and offset as well as sequencing of the stabilising muscles of the scapula (upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior; the muscles that position the arm) anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid; and the muscles of the rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor) during the tennis serve motion.Patterns of muscle activation were observed during the tennis serve motion. The serratus anterior (-287 ms before ball impact) and upper trapezius (-234 ms) were active in the early cocking phase, while the lower trapezius (-120 ms) was activated in the late cocking phase just before the acceleration phase. The anterior deltoid (-250 ms) was activated in early cocking, while the posterior deltoid (-157 ms) was activated later. The teres minor (-214 ms) was activated early in the cocking phase. The supraspinatus (-103 ms) was activated in late cocking. The infraspinatus (+47 ms after ball impact) was activated in follow-through. All muscles except infraspinatus were activated in duration of more than 50% of the service motion.This study demonstrates that there are patterns of activation of muscles around the scapulohumeral articulation in the normal accomplished tennis serve. Rehabilitation and conditioning programs for tennis players should be structured to restore and optimise the activation sequences (scapular stabilisers before rotator cuff), task specific functions (serratus anterior as a retractor of the scapula, lower trapezius as a scapular stabiliser in the elevated rotating arm) and duration of activation of these muscles.
Aging and Ethics: Philosophical Problems in Gerontology
Authors: Don Riesenberg
Journal: JAMA (1992)

It is hard to dislike a book that begins with a chapter entitled "Meaning of Life" (didn't Monty Python cover that?) and ends 20 authors and 17 chapters later with "if... there is no reason to believe that anything matters, then that does not matter either, and we can approach our absurd lives with irony instead of heroism or despair." In fact, I don't dislike it. Between the oddball beginning and end, this work deals seriously with urgent questions related to health care for elderly persons. The section titles give a sense of where the book is going: "The Aging Individual," "Aging and Filial Responsibility," "Distributive Justice in an Aging Society," and "Philosophical Reflections on Aging and Death." Most authors are philosophers; a few represent the health sciences. The introductory chapters are interesting but long and somewhat tangential. However, a piece by Sally Gadow on the meaning of frailty stands
Spontaneous Thrombolysis of an Obstructed Mechanical Aortic Valve
Authors: Nicole Wake, Akshay S Desai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In this 28-year-old man with heart failure and marked jugular venous distention, fluoroscopy confirmed immobilization of one aortic prosthetic valve leaflet. Repeat fluoroscopy 6 months later revealed normal bileaflet motion of the aortic-valve prosthesis.
Ten out of 25 EU countries restrict health care for asylum seekers to emergencies only
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Almost half of the European Union's countries restrict health care for asylum seekers to emergencies only, a study comparing health care in 25 countries has shown. Medical screening also varies widely between the countries, with little more than half providing mental health screening, say researchers.

“European health policy makers should ensure access to health care for asylum seekers comparable with the medical rights of citizens,” said Marie Norredam and colleagues from the University of Copenhagen in the European Journal of Public Health (17 Oct 2005, doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cki191).“The provision of health care for asylum seekers in the EU countries appears heterogeneous and often based on minimum standards.”

The United Kingdom …
Penicillin: early trials in war casualties.
Authors: I Fraser
Journal: BMJ (1984)

1 Chain E. Florey HW, Gardner AD, et ai. Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent. Lancet 1940;ii:226-8. 2 Marriott HL, Kekwick A. Flow regulator for continuous blood transfusions. Lancet 1940pi: 193. 3 Garrod LB. The eclipse of the haemorytic streptococcus. BrMedJ 1979p; 1607-8. 4 Abraham EP, Chain fe, Fletcher CM, et al. Further observations on penicillin. Lancet 1941 Ui: 177 94. 5 Macfarlane G. Alexander Fleming: the man and the myth. London: Chatto & Windus, 1984:245-60.