tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fractalkine has anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects on human vascular smooth muscle cells via epidermal growth factor receptor signalling
Authors: Gemma E. White, Thomas C.C. Tan, Alison E. John, Carl Whatling, William L. McPheat, David R. Greaves
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Fractalkine (CX3CL1) is a membrane-bound chemokine that signals through the G protein-coupled receptor CX3CR1 that is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. We have previously reported that CX3CR1 is expressed by primary human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC), where it mediates chemotaxis towards CX3CL1. We sought to determine the effect of CX3CL1 on CASMC survival and proliferation and elucidate the signalling mechanisms involved. CX3CL1 significantly reduces staurosporine-induced apoptosis of CASMC, as quantified by caspase 3 immunostaining and Annexin-V flow cytometry. Furthermore, CX3CL1 is a potent mitogen for primary CASMC and induces phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, measured by western blotting. Inhibition of either ERK or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling abrogates proliferation, while only PI3K signalling is involved in the anti-apoptotic effects of CX3CL1. We describe a novel and specific small molecule antagonist of CX3CR1 (AZ12201182) which abrogates the mitogenic and anti-apoptotic effects of CX3CL1 on CASMC. Pharmacological inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blocks CASMC survival and DNA synthesis, indicating a previously undocumented role for EGFR signalling in response to CX3CL1 involving release of a soluble EGFR ligand. Specifically, CX3CL1 induces shedding of epiregulin and increases epiregulin mRNA expression 20-fold within 2 h. Finally, antibody neutralization of epiregulin abrogates the mitogenic effect of CX3CL1. We have demonstrated two novel and important functions of CX3CL1 on primary human SMCs: anti-apoptosis and proliferation, both mediated via epiregulin-induced EGFR signalling. Our data have important implications in vascular pathologies including atherosclerosis, restenosis, and transplant accelerated arteriosclerosis, where the balance of SMC proliferation and apoptosis critically determines both plaque stability and vessel stenosis.
Left ventricular function in coronary artery disease. evaluation of slope of end-systolic pressure-volume line (emax) and ratio of peak systolic pressure to end-systolic volume (P/Ves)
Authors: Sherif El-Tobgi, Fetnat M. Fouad, John R. Kramer, Gustavo Rincon, William C. Sheldon, Robert C. Tarazi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)
HLA typing from RNA-Seq sequence reads
Authors: Sebastian Boegel, Martin Löwer, Michael Schäfer, Thomas Bukur, Jos de Graaf, Valesca Boisguérin, Özlem Türeci, Mustafa Diken, John C Castle, Ugur Sahin
Journal: Genome Medicine (2012)

We present a method, seq2HLA, for obtaining an individual's human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II type and expression using standard next generation sequencing RNA-Seq data. RNA-Seq reads are mapped against a reference database of HLA alleles, and HLA type, confidence score and locus-specific expression level are determined. We successfully applied seq2HLA to 50 individuals included in the HapMap project, yielding 100% specificity and 94% sensitivity at a P-value of 0.1 for two-digit HLA types. We determined HLA type and expression for previously un-typed Illumina Body Map tissues and a cohort of Korean patients with lung cancer. Because the algorithm uses standard RNA-Seq reads and requires no change to laboratory protocols, it can be used for both existing datasets and future studies, thus adding a new dimension for HLA typing and biomarker studies.
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery improved asthma symptoms as well as PEFR and olfaction in patients with nasal polyposis
Authors: A. Ehnhage, P. Olsson, K‐G. Kölbeck, M. Skedinger, B. Dahlén, M. Ålenius, P. Stjärne
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Nasal polyposis is a disease known to be associated with asthma. The management is anti-inflammatory, with topical and oral corticosteroids as the first-line treatment. The effect of surgical treatment on lower airway inflammation has not been sufficiently studied.The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) as well as fluticasone proprionate nasal drops (FPND) 400 microg b.i.d. on nasal and lower airway parameters in asthmatics with nasal polyposis.This was a prospective 21-week study of 68 patients with asthma and nasal polyposis, on the benefits of FESS on nasal '(butanol test, subjective olfaction, peak nasal inspiratory flow, congestion, rhinorrhoea, and polyp score)', and on the lower airway parameters (dyspnea, cough, mean daily peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and lung function tests). It also included a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 14 weeks phase on FPND.Functional endoscopic sinus surgery significantly improved mean asthma symptom scores and daily PEFR and all nasal parameters including subjective and objective olfaction tests. This is the first study that shows the benefits of FESS on butanol tests in patients with nasal polyposis. We found no significant difference between topical treatment with FPND or placebo in the nasal or lower airway variables.Functional endoscopic sinus surgery improved nasal and asthma symptoms in patients with nasal polyposis. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery could be considered early in the natural course of nasal polyposis with concomitant asthma, as well as a second-line treatment in nasal polyposis patients with a reduced sense of smell. The potential benefits of FPND 400 microg b.i.d. were probably overshadowed by FESS.
Residual genomic profile after cyclosporine treatment may offer insights into atopic dermatitis reoccurrence
Authors: Mariya Rozenblit, Mayte Suarez-Farinas, Avner Shemer, Saakshi Khattri, Patricia Gilleaudeau, Mary Sullivan-Whalen, Xiuzhong Zheng, Hui Xu, Irma Cardinale, James G. Krueger, Emma Guttman-Yassky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Development of a new ferulic acid certified reference material for use in clinical chemistry and pharmaceutical analysis
Authors: Dezhi Yang, Fengfeng Wang, Li Zhang, Ningbo Gong, Yang Lv
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2015)

This study compares the results of three certified methods, namely differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the mass balance (MB) method and coulometric titrimetry (CT), in the purity assessment of ferulic acid certified reference material (CRM). Purity and expanded uncertainty as determined by the three methods were respectively 99.81%, 0.16%; 99.79%, 0.16%; and 99.81%, 0.26% with, in all cases, a coverage factor (k) of 2 (P=95%). The purity results are consistent indicating that the combination of DSC, the MB method and CT provides a confident assessment of the purity of suitable CRMs like ferulic acid.
Mechanical Ventilation for the Elderly-Reply
Authors: Ian L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In Reply.  —I wish to thank Maurer and colleagues for their thoughtful letter concerning our article and for presenting data from the SICU of The New York Hospital. In their letter they stated, Cohen et al reported no long-term survivors of patients whose age plus duration of ventilation equaled or exceeded 100. This is not completely accurate. We did in fact report that two patients survived hospitalization, and one of these survived 4.5 years.  The experience of Maurer's group appears better than ours, but I would question whether or not these differences were statistically significant considering the small sample sizes. Their study population had a survival rate of only about 30% at 2.5 years after discharge (eight of 26 patients requiring at least 3 days of mechanical ventilation). How does this compare with the survival rate of patients younger than 80 years of age? Further information about this patient population,
Combination of Antiangiogenic Therapy With Other Anticancer Therapies: Results, Challenges, and Open Questions
Authors: Giampietro Gasparini, Raffaele Longo, Massimo Fanelli, Beverly A. Teicher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Angiogenesis is necessary for tumor growth. Drug discovery efforts have identified several potential therapeutic targets on endothelial cells and selective inhibitors capable of slowing tumor growth or producing tumor regression by blocking angiogenesis in in vivo tumor models. Certain antiangiogenic therapeutics increase the activity of cytotoxic anticancer treatments in preclinical models. More than 75 antiangiogenic compounds have entered clinical trials. Most of the early clinical testing was conducted in patients with advanced disease resistant to standard therapies. Several phase III trials have been undertaken to compare the efficacy of standard chemotherapy versus the same in combination with an experimental angiogenesis inhibitor. Preliminary results of the clinical studies suggest that single-agent antiangiogenic therapy is poorly active in advanced tumors. Although some of the results of combination trials are controversial, recent positive outcomes with an antivascular endothelial growth factor antibody combined with chemotherapy as front-line therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer have renewed enthusiasm for this therapeutic strategy. This article presents an overview of experimental and clinical studies of combined therapy with antiangiogenic agents and highlights the challenges related to the appropriate strategies for selection of the patients, study design, and choice of proper end points for preclinical and clinical studies using these agents.
Neuroticism, Illness Behaviour and Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: D.G. Byrne
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

The concept of abnormal illness behaviour, being a fusion of Mechanic's idea of illness behaviour and Parson's idea of the sick role, has important implications for psychosomatic medicine. Its importance for prognosis has been noted but discussions of its determinants have been lacking in the literature. The close links of abnormal illness behaviour with the neurotic syndrome of hypochondriasis suggests that one predisposing factor may be that of neuroticism. This indication is explored in a small group of coronary patients employing the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Illness Behaviour Questionnaire of Pilowsky and Spence.
Sing if you're glad to be sluts
Authors: Lewis G Morrison
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—I read Farrell's Soundings column, on the good slut of general medicine admitting cases other disciplines would decline, with a mixture of pride and sadness.1 I felt enormous pride in the fact that the utilitarian nature of general medicine is recognised by our beleaguered colleagues in general practice. I was also particularly impressed with the …
Surgery for benign colorectal polyps in England - trends and outcomes from 1997 to 2007
Authors: A. M. Almoudaris, S. Gupta, A. Bottle, P. Aylin, J. E. East, S. Thomas-Gibson, O. D. Faiz
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Currently, there is no national evaluation of the potential impact that advances in endoscopic techniques and therapy have had in England.1 This study examines the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database to assess the trend in patients that have required a surgical polypectomy after at least one attempted therapeutic endoscopy for a diagnosis of a benign colorectal polyp over a 10-year period. <h3>Methods</h3> All elective patients having undergone a surgical procedure for a benign colorectal polyp between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2007 in English NHS units were identified from HES after cleaning and formatting the dataset. <h3>Results</h3> Over the 10-year period, 334 753 polypectomy procedures were performed in 174 English NHS Trusts. Of these 18,716 (5.59%) required a surgical procedure for excision of a benign polyp. Over the study period, there was no significant difference in the number of surgical procedures for the removal of benign polyps performed annually (1560 in 1997 to 1601 in 2007) (p &lt; 0.433). Trends in 28-day re-admission (6.15% &gt; 11.36%), length of stay (11.1–14.26 days) and mortality rates (1.11% &gt; 3.21%) did not change significantly over the study years (p = 0.440, 0.232, 0.242, respectively). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This analysis is the first to examine the HES database for national trends in surgical polypectomy for benign polyps. Nationally, there was no annual difference in the numbers of patients requiring surgical procedures for the removal of benign polyps. This suggests that a small but consistent proportion of all benign polyps has required surgical removal despite advancements in endoscopic techniques or that the uptake of such techniques has been limited, despite regional centres of excellence.
STIM1 regulates calcium signaling in taste bud cells and preference for fat in mice
Authors: Gado Dramane, Souleymane Abdoul-Azize, Aziz Hichami, Timo Vögtle, Simon Akpona, Christophe Chouabe, Hassimi Sadou, Bernhard Nieswandt, Philippe Besnard, Naim Akhtar Khan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Understanding the mechanisms underlying oro-gustatory detection of dietary fat is critical for the prevention and treatment of obesity. The lipid-binding glycoprotein CD36, which is expressed by circumvallate papillae (CVP) of the mouse tongue, has been implicated in oro-gustatory perception of dietary lipids. Here, we demonstrate that stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a sensor of Ca(2+) depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum, mediates fatty acid-induced Ca(2+) signaling in the mouse tongue and fat preference. We showed that linoleic acid (LA) induced the production of arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso-PC) by activating multiple phospholipase A2 isoforms via CD36. This activation triggered Ca(2+) influx in CD36-positive taste bud cells (TBCs) purified from mouse CVP. LA also induced the production of Ca(2+) influx factor (CIF). STIM1 was found to regulate LA-induced CIF production and the opening of multiple store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels. Furthermore, CD36-positive TBCs from Stim1-/- mice failed to release serotonin, and Stim1-/- mice lost the spontaneous preference for fat that was observed in wild-type animals. Our results suggest that fatty acid-induced Ca(2+) signaling, regulated by STIM1 via CD36, might be implicated in oro-gustatory perception of dietary lipids and the spontaneous preference for fat.
Reactive Oxygen Species, DNA Damage, and Error-Prone Repair: A Model for Genomic Instability with Progression in Myeloid Leukemia?
Authors: Feyruz V. Rassool, Terry J. Gaymes, Nader Omidvar, Nicola Brady, Stephanie Beurlet, Marika Pla, Murielle Reboul, Nicholas Lea, Christine Chomienne, Nicholas S.B. Thomas, Ghulam J. Mufti, Rose Ann Padua
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, with an increased propensity to develop acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The molecular basis for MDS progression is unknown, but a key element in MDS disease progression is loss of chromosomal material (genomic instability). Using our two-step mouse model for myeloid leukemic disease progression involving overexpression of human mutant NRAS and BCL2 genes, we show that there is a stepwise increase in the frequency of DNA damage leading to an increased frequency of error-prone repair of double-strand breaks (DSB) by nonhomologous end-joining. There is a concomitant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these transgenic mice with disease progression. Importantly, RAC1, an essential component of the ROS-producing NADPH oxidase, is downstream of RAS, and we show that ROS production in NRAS/BCL2 mice is in part dependent on RAC1 activity. DNA damage and error-prone repair can be decreased or reversed in vivo by N-acetyl cysteine antioxidant treatment. Our data link gene abnormalities to constitutive DNA damage and increased DSB repair errors in vivo and provide a mechanism for an increase in the error rate of DNA repair with MDS disease progression. These data suggest treatment strategies that target RAS/RAC pathways and ROS production in human MDS/AML. [Cancer Res 2007;67(18):8762–71]
The Big Squeeze: A Social and Political History of the Controversial Mammogram
Authors: Leonard Berlin
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies of the Effectiveness of Treatments for Drug Abuse, vol 1: Evaluation of Treatments; vol 2: Research on Patients, Treatments and Outcomes
Authors: William E. Thornton
Journal: JAMA (1975)

These volumes will have a minimum of general appeal, but they should be recognized by all who study the problems of treating drug abuse. The contents reflect a national data base for evaluating the programs for research and for treatment, as supported by the National Institute of Mental Health. It represents a major step toward bringing scientific conceptual organization and research methodology to a field that is progressively attracting the interests of responsible physicians and scientists. The volumes determine useful classifications of treatment and provide a complex investigation of interactions between patient types and treatment types. The overall evaluation results are encouraging, particularly in respect to the reduction of drug use and criminality during treatment. In regard to the information, provisions for reliability and validity are described, but their influence on a sample of this magnitude is problematical. This work should serve as a reference for those who plan progams
MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOETAL MOUSE SKIN
Authors: DIANE M. RIMMER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

SUMMARY.— It has been noted that biochemical and morphological changes occurred simultaneously during the embryogenesis of mouse skin. The onset of histological maturation of collagen fibres coincided with a change in the pattern of the in vitro incorporation of both 35SO4 into the sulphated mucopoly‐saccharide and 14C‐proline into the collagen of whole skin. Simultaneously, an increase in thickness and differentiation of the epidermis and changes in the basement membrane were observed. Thus, by applying a variety of techniques it has been demonstrated that a critical period of skin maturation involving dermis and epidermis is reached on the eighteenth day of embryogenesis in the mouse.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Gefitinib and Erlotinib Treatment in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Harboring an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation in Either Exon 19 or 21
Authors: Sung Hee Lim, Ji Yun Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Myositis-Specific Autoantibodies
Authors: Frederick W. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>SELECTED CASE</h3> A 27-year-old stonemason, who was previously well, had acute onset of weakness, stiffness, and pain in the proximal arm, leg, and back muscles. A week later low-grade evening fevers, diffuse swelling of his extremities and face, and a bluish rash over his eyelids developed; 2 weeks after that, he noticed shortness of breath, dysphagia, and a thickening of his voice. During the next several days, his condition deteriorated rapidly, with increasing shortness of breath and cyanosis, and he died of a presumed pulmonary arrest. Autopsy showed firm, fluid-filled lungs, splenomegaly, and swollen proximal muscles; the distal muscles, eye muscles, and tongue muscles were spared. Histopathologic examination showed a focal round-cell infiltration permeating the interstitium of the affected muscles and muscle cells in various stages of degeneration. No microorganisms were seen. <h3>THE IDIOPATHIC INFLAMMATORY MYOPATHIES</h3> With the publication of this case over 100 years ago,<sup>1</sup>Professor Hans Unverricht
Anthrax in the Gambia: an epidemiological study
Authors: B Heyworth, M E Ropp, U G Voos, H I Meinel, H M Darlow
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Epidemiological data on 448 cases of human cutaneous anthrax from the Gambia showed that this particular strain of anthrax bacillus causes widespread morbidity and some mortality with, at the same time, subclinical infection. Analysis also showed that anthrax is not an occupationally related disease in the Gambia.The possibility of human-to-human spread, affecting all age groups and both sexes, by means of a communal toilet article was also shown. The fact that the strain is a good toxin producer but contains a weak antigen may have accounted for the repeated clinical infection and the fact that antibody titres were generally transient. Subclinical infection in animals was also found, particularly in sheep and goats, and also, with an unusually low mortality, in cows. Insect vectors were not excluded, but were unlikely. Vultures may spread the disease from village to village. Some possible public health and immunization procedures are discussed, with a view to containing this difficult problem in this part of west Africa.