tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-6 inhibits oxidative injury and necrosis after extreme liver resection
Authors: Xiaoling Jin, Zongxiu Zhang, Donna Beer-Stolz, Teresa A. Zimmers, Leonidas G. Koniaris
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Extreme hepatectomy or resection of more than 80% of liver mass often leads to liver failure and death and is a major limitation to therapeutic liver resection for patients with liver tumors. We sought to define the mechanisms leading to liver failure and to determine the utility of interleukin-6 (IL-6) administration to improve outcomes. Mice were injected with Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human IL-6 or no recombinant protein, or were administered recombinant IL-6 or carrier by osmotic mini-pump. Mice were then subjected to 70% or 87% hepatectomy. Light and electron microscopy of liver sections after 87% hepatectomy showed ballooning hepatocytes, vacuolar changes, and mitochondrial abruption, with absence of anoikic nuclei. No significant activation of executor caspases or DNA laddering was observed, although a dramatic decrease in cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores was measured, suggesting cell death was by a necrotic pathway involving mitochondrial dysfunction. A large increase in protein oxidation was observed, indicative of significant oxidative stress. IL-6 treatment before 87% hepatectomy resulted in less biochemical and histological evidence of liver injury as well as earlier proliferating chain nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and accelerated recovery of liver mass. IL-6 pretreatment induced the antioxidative injury proteins, ref-1 and GPX1, decreased protein oxidation, vacuolar changes and leakage of mitochondrial products, improved ATP stores, and maintained cellular ultrastructure after 87% hepatectomy. Conclusion: Massive oxidative injury and mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in the liver after extreme hepatectomy. IL-6 improves recovery and survival from extreme liver resection by enhancing pro-growth pathways, reducing oxidative stress, and maintaining mitochondrial function. (Hepatology 2007.)
Chemotherapy of Bronchitis
Authors: A. A. B. Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Plasma 11-OHCS and Questionary Results (Means + S. D.) This small study suggests that poor short- term response to antidepressants is related to hypothalamic dysfunction.This lack of response and the presence of hypothalamic dysfunction could not have been predicted from clinical or questionary data.Further studies of specific treatment responses and tests of hypothalamic function are needed in depressed patients.If these findings are replicated, they may be of clinical value in deciding on appropriate treatment for the particular patient and may help in eluci- dating the action of antidepressants.-Weare, etc.,
The Ethics of Personal Stockpiles
Authors: Michael L. Rolfsen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Letters21 February 2006The Ethics of Personal StockpilesMichael L. Rolfsen, MDMichael L. Rolfsen, MDFrom Baton Rouge Clinic, Baton Rouge, LA 70808.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-144-4-200602210-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Bartlett and Hayden (1) provide an excellent overview of the potential catastrophic results from the next pandemic with the influenza A (H5N1) virus. The reported overall mortality rate of 50% of infected persons and estimates of 50 million potential deaths certainly give us cause for concern. It is very reasonable to warn and plan for such an eventuality. However, when this fear is coupled with a recommendation for expanding “personal stockpiles of antiviral agents” (1), I am afraid that we may be crossing the line.According to 2000 data, there are more than 779 723 physicians in the ...References1. Bartlett JG, Hayden FG. Influenza A (H5N1): will it be the next pandemic influenza? Are we ready? [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143:460-2. [PMID: 16172445] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Blumenthal D. New steam from an old cauldron—the physician-supply debate. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1780-7. [PMID: 15103006] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Baton Rouge Clinic, Baton Rouge, LA 70808.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoInfluenza A (H5N1): Will It Be the Next Pandemic Influenza? Are We Ready? John G. Bartlett and Frederick G. Hayden The Ethics of Personal Stockpiles John G. Bartlett and Frederick G. Hayden Metrics 21 February 2006Volume 144, Issue 4Page: 304KeywordsAntiviralsConflicts of interestDeath ratesDrugsFearH5N1 ePublished: 21 February 2006 Issue Published: 21 February 2006 CopyrightCopyright © 2006 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Measuring Underuse of Necessary Care Among Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries Using Inpatient and Outpatient Claims
Authors: Steven M. Asch
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextContinuing changes in the health care delivery system make it essential to monitor underuse of needed care, even for relatively well-insured populations. Traditional approaches to measuring underuse have relied on patient surveys and chart reviews, which are expensive, or simple single-condition claims-based indicators, which are not clinically convincing.ObjectiveTo develop a comprehensive, low-cost system for measuring underuse of necessary care among elderly patients using inpatient and outpatient Medicare claims.DesignA 7-member, multispecialty expert physician panel was assembled and used a modified Delphi method to develop clinically detailed underuse indicators likely to be associated with avoidable poor outcomes for 15 common acute and chronic medical and surgical conditions. An automated system was developed to calculate the indicators using administrative data.Setting and SubjectsA total of 345,253 randomly selected elderly US Medicare beneficiaries in 1994-1996.Main Outcome MeasuresProportion of beneficiaries receiving care, stratified by indicators of necessary care (n = 40, including 3 for preventive care), and avoidable outcomes (n = 6).ResultsFor 16 of 40 necessary care indicators (including preventive care indicators), beneficiaries received the indicated care less than two thirds of the time. Of all indicators, African Americans scored significantly worse than whites on 16 and better on 2; residents of poverty areas scored significantly lower than nonresidents on 17 and higher on 1; residents of federally defined Health Professional Shortage Areas scored significantly lower than nonresidents on 16 and higher on none (P<.05 for all).ConclusionsThis claims-based method detected substantial underuse problems likely to result in negative outcomes in elderly populations. Significantly more underuse problems were detected in populations known to receive less-than-average medical care. The method can serve as a reliable, valid tool for monitoring trends in underuse of needed care for older patients and for comparing care across health care plans and geographic areas based on claims data.
Rgs1 and Gnai2 Regulate the Entrance of B Lymphocytes into Lymph Nodes and B Cell Motility within Lymph Node Follicles
Authors: Sang-Bae Han, Chantal Moratz, Ning-Na Huang, Brian Kelsall, Hyeseon Cho, Chong-Shan Shi, Owen Schwartz, John H. Kehrl
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Direct-to-Consumer Advertising
Authors: Matthew F. Hollon
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A CLINICAL OCCASION PROVIDED BY LARVA OF DERMATOBIA HOMINIS.
Authors: R. D. Sweet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1962)

Journal Article A CLINICAL OCCASION PROVIDED BY LARVA OF DERMATOBIA HOMINIS. Get access R. D. Sweet R. D. Sweet South Devon and East Cornwall Hospital, Plymouth Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 74, Issue 4, 1 April 1962, Pages 141–143, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1962.tb13477.x Published: 01 April 1962
Peanut Allergy and Peanut-specific IgG4 characteristics among Xhosa Children in Cape Town
Authors: G. Du Toit, M. Levin, C. Motala, M. Perkin, A. Stephens, V. Turcanu, G. Lack
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)

RATIONALE: Sensitization to C. sativa has been previously described.The aim of this study was to analyze the allergenicity of C. sativa in a group of tomato sensitized patients.METHODS: Three groups of patients from Spain were analyzed.All subjects gave their consent to be skin tested with leaves of C. sativa.Group A: 8 tomato sensitized patients (30.568.9 years), referring symptoms upon contact or inhalation with C. sativa.Group B: 6 tomato sensitized patients (33.267.3) with unrelated respiratory symptoms and without symptoms with C. sativa.Group C: 8 patients (29.169) with allergic respiratory symptoms, without contact with C. sativa and not sensitized to tomato.Immunoblots were performed with sera of subjects from Groups A and B. RESULTS: Group A: All patients had a positive skin test with C. sativa.The immunoblot detected allergens in the range of 10 and 14 kDa.Bands were recognized between 30 and 45 kDa.Group B: all patients had a positive skin test with C. sativa.The immunoblot was positive in 3 cases, showing less intense binding to allergens between 10 and 14 kDa.These three patients were former marihuana users.Group C: 1 patient had a positive skin test with C. sativa.He had previously suffered from apple-induced exercise-mediated anaphylaxis.CONCLUSIONS: The main allergens detected have molecular weights in the ranges 10-14 kDa and 30-45 kDa.The results suggest cross-reactivity between C. sativa and tomato which could explain these findings, but this relationship should be further studied.
Faecal carriage of klebsiella by patients with ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: R E Warren, D A Brewerton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1980)

In consecutive samples submitted to a clinical microbiology laboratory 22 out of 99 from outpatients and 23 out of 51 from inpatients yielded Klebsiella sp. A clinical reassessment of outpatients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had not been inpatients within the last year was made for disease activity and drug requirements. 124 patients with AS and 92 with RA were requested at assessment to submit a stool specimen for klebsiella examination, this being carried out without disclosure of the patient9s clinical category. Two months later a questionnaire on symptom changes was collected and the results correlated with klebsiella carriage. Eighty-nine patients with AS and 82 patients with RA fulfilled all criteria for assessment. Of those assessed, 24 out of 89 AS patients and 26 out of 82 RA patients had klebsiella in the faeces. There was no correlation betweeh the initial clinical assessment category and klebsiella carriage. Seventy patients with AS and 57 paients with RA had no change in symptoms over the 2-month period. Nineteen AS patients and 31 RA patients noted symptom improvement or worsening. Of these, 3 AS and 10 RA patients had klebsiella in their faeces. There was no correlation between worsening of symptoms over a 2-month period and klebsiella carriage at initial assessment.
Iraq's Biological Weapons
Authors: Raymond A. Zilinskas
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Between 1985 and April 1991, Iraq developed anthrax, botulinum toxin, and aflatoxin for biological warfare; 200 bombs and 25 ballistic missiles laden with biological agents were deployed by the time Operation Desert Storm occurred. Although cause for concern, if used during the Persian Gulf War, Iraq's biological warfare arsenal probably would have been militarily ineffective for 3 reasons: (1) it was small; (2) payload dispersal mechanisms were inefficient; and (3) coalition forces dominated the theater of war (ie, they had overwhelming air superiority and had crippled Iraq's command and control capability). Despite the Gulf War defeat, the Iraqi biological warfare threat has not been extinguished. Saddam Hussein remains in power, and his desire to acquire weapons of mass destruction continues unabated. In this context, the international community must be firm in its enforcement of United Nations resolutions designed to deter Iraq from reacquiring biological warfare capability and must take steps to develop a multidisciplinary approach to limiting future development of weapons of mass destruction.
Family members’ experiences of “wait and see” as a communication strategy in end-of-life decisions
Authors: Ranveig Lind, Geir F. Lorem, Per Nortvedt, Olav Hevrøy
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)

The aim of this study is to examine family members' experiences of end-of-life decision-making processes in Norwegian intensive care units (ICUs) to ascertain the degree to which they felt included in the decision-making process and whether they received necessary information. Were they asked about the patient's preferences, and how did they view their role as family members in the decision-making process?
The Marshmallow as an Aid to Radiologic Examination of the Esophagus
Authors: J. Edward Kelly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

CERTAIN lesions of the esophagus, whether localized like a web or more diffuse like scleroderma, may impair esophageal distensibility without narrowing the width of the esophageal lumen as it is developed by an ordinary swallow of barium suspension. It is only when a bolus that stretches the esophagus is swallowed that the unyielding area causes trouble. To assess mural pliability, radiologists have studied the progress of solids in the esophagus by administering a variety of boluses, but none have proved entirely satisfactory.The need for a more suitable bolus with which to "stress" the esophagus prompted the use of an . . .
All is not lost genetically
Authors: Clive E Bowman
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2010)

James Le Fanu1 writes sagely. Many geneticists have fundamentally misunderstood the nature of human chronic disease. They have been successful in finding the basis of clinical systems that are ‘broken’ with a faulty (state of) constituents, like muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, haemoglobinopathies – here knowing the DNA language of their monogenic origin is important. However, for complex disorders I am reminded of the words of Richard Phillips Feynman (US educator and Nobel Physics prize winning physicist 1918–1988): ‘You can know the name of a bird in all the languages of the world, but when you're finished, you'll know absolutely nothing whatever about the bird … So let's look at the bird and see what it's doing – that's what counts. I learned very early the difference between knowing the name of something and knowing something.’2 How things work matters. Chronic medical disorders are those systems that are either ‘out of balance’ (i.e. with a faulty interaction of their constituents, e.g. diabetes, migraine, pyrexia, pain, etc.) or ‘out of control’ (i.e. with a faulty control of the interaction of their constituents, e.g. infection, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, lupus, septic shock, cancer, schizophrenia, etc.). While the lexicon of their DNA-based blueprint is necessary, it is not sufficient for their full clinical revelation. However, this is not an irreducible problem. Funding needs to be redirected to understanding the context in which genes interact (and their interplay with the environment) in determining such medical conditions. The missing heritability can be found!
Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study
Authors: J. B. Olesen, G. Y. H. Lip, M. L. Hansen, P. R. Hansen, J. S. Tolstrup, J. Lindhardsen, C. Selmer, O. Ahlehoff, A.-M. S. Olsen, G. H. Gislason, C. Torp-Pedersen
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objectives</b> To evaluate the individual risk factors composing the CHADS<sub>2</sub> (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age≥75 years, Diabetes, previous Stroke) score and the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc (CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-Vascular disease, Age 65-74 years, Sex category) score and to calculate the capability of the schemes to predict thromboembolism. <b>Design</b> Registry based cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Nationwide data on patients admitted to hospital with atrial fibrillation. <b>Population</b> All patients with atrial fibrillation not treated with vitamin K antagonists in Denmark in the period 1997-2006. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Stroke and thromboembolism. <b>Results</b> Of 121 280 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, 73 538 (60.6%) fulfilled the study inclusion criteria. In patients at “low risk” (score=0), the rate of thromboembolism per 100 person years was 1.67 (95% confidence interval 1.47 to 1.89) with CHADS<sub>2</sub> and 0.78 (0.58 to 1.04) with CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc at one year’s follow-up. In patients at “intermediate risk” (score=1), this rate was 4.75 (4.45 to 5.07) with CHADS<sub>2</sub> and 2.01 (1.70 to 2.36) with CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc. The rate of thromboembolism depended on the individual risk factors composing the scores, and both schemes underestimated the risk associated with previous thromboembolic events. When patients were categorised into low, intermediate, and high risk groups, C statistics at 10 years’ follow-up were 0.812 (0.796 to 0.827) with CHADS<sub>2</sub> and 0.888 (0.875 to 0.900) with CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc. <b>Conclusions</b> The risk associated with a specific risk stratification score depended on the risk factors composing the score. CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc performed better than CHADS<sub>2</sub> in predicting patients at high risk, and those categorised as low risk by CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc were truly at low risk for thromboembolism.
Corticosteroids and Tamsulosin in the Medical Expulsive Therapy for Symptomatic Distal Ureter Stones: Single Drug or Association?
Authors: Francesco Porpiglia, Davide Vaccino, Michele Billia, Julien Renard, Cecilia Cracco, Gianpaolo Ghignone, Cesare Scoffone, Carlo Terrone, Roberto Mario Scarpa
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Grave Secrets: A Leading Forensic Expert Reveals the Startling Truth About O. J. Simpson, David Koresh, and Vincent Foster and Other Sensational Cases
Authors: Frederick T. Zugibe
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<i>Grave Secrets</i>is, in a sense, a continuation of Dr Wecht's fascinating book<i>Cause of Death</i>, in which he presented a series of sensational cases of forensic interest that held the reader spellbound. Again, using his vast experience as a noted forensic pathologist, he analyzes and interprets the data in another collection of notable cases. The book begins with a highly complimentary foreword by Drs Michael Baden and Henry Lee followed by 14 chapters, each representing an out-standing case in which Dr Wecht participated either directly or indirectly. Three high-profile cases of recent vintage including the Simpson trial, the death of Vincent Foster, and the David Koresh-Waco incident, set the stage in the first three chapters. The remainder encompasses a wide variety of fascinating forensic cases that include racially charged shooting incidents in Cleveland and Chicago in the late 1960s, cases of major public health importance, cases of foreign intrigue
SPIO-conjugated, doxorubicin-loaded microbubbles for concurrent MRI and focused-ultrasound enhanced brain-tumor drug delivery
Authors: Ching-Hsiang Fan, Chien-Yu Ting, Han-Jung Lin, Chung-Hsin Wang, Hao-Li Liu, Tzu-Chen Yen, Chih-Kuang Yeh
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CANCER OF THE UTERUS.SUBMITTED TO THE SECTION ON OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AT THE BOSTON SESSION. JUNE, 1906.
Authors: JOHN G. CLARK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In the consideration of cancer of the uterus your committee has been impressed by the urgent need of a general plan of public education on many medical subjects. While this section is naturally interested in promoting some effective means of reducing the frightful mortality in cancer of the uterus, each section of the American Medical Association is as intensely intersted in similar work pertaining to matters of public health falling within its province. For this reason your committee has felt the necessity for widening the scope of its duties, and will present to the House of Delegates a plan for the organization of a board of general public instruction. Should this suggestion be adopted, the report on cancer of the uterus, which we present for your consideration, is so framed that it may become an integral part of a general educational plan. Until this question, however, is settled by the
Early TIPS to Improve Survival in Acute Variceal Bleeding
Authors: Nezam H. Afdhal, Michael P. Curry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Gastroesophageal varices are present in 50% of patients with cirrhosis, and variceal hemorrhage develops in up to one third of these patients. The risk of variceal hemorrhage is increased in patients who have large varices and advanced stages of liver disease, as assessed on the basis of the Child–Pugh class.1 Several studies published between 1942 and 1981 showed poor outcomes after variceal hemorrhage, with mortality rates of 40% at 6 weeks and 70% at 1 year.25 Over the past five decades, a number of randomized trials have shown an improvement in the efficacy of endoscopic, pharmacologic, surgical, and radiologic . . .
Changes in Anesthesiology Practice Are Explicated
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal