tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1117: Platelet interaction induces Tissue Factor and a pro-metastatic phenotype in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Renan F. Orellana, Barbara Oliva, Sumie Kato, Loreto Bravo, Pamela Gonzalez, Olga Panes, Diego Mezzano, Mauricio Cuello, Gareth Owen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction: An increase in circulating platelets, or thrombocytosis, is recognized as an independent risk factor correlated with bad prognosis and metastasis, however the exact role that platelets play in tumor progression has not been fully elucidated. The expression of Tissue Factor (TF) protein by cancer cells has been shown to correlate with Hypercoagulable state and metastasis. It is speculated that cancer cells need to acquire a “Metastasis Initiating Cell (MIC)” phenotype. To achieve this, cells may suffer an Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) coupled with stem-like protein expression in which E-cadherin is lowered, while CD44 and N-cadherin are increased. Ovarian cancer patients develop ascitis, a build up of peritoneal fluid that contains cancerous and serum derived cells. After the surgical removal of the primary and visible tumors, these ascitic borne cells form peritoneal tumors and thus make a good model to study platelet/cancer cells interaction in metastasis. The aim of this work was determine the effect of platelet-cancer cell interaction on TF and EMT marker levels and cancer cell migration in ascites-derived cancer cells. Material and Methods: Ovarian ascitic-isolated cancer cells and cell lines were co-cultivated with human washed platelets (from healthy donors). TF and EMT marker levels were determined by Western blotting. Cancer cell migration was determined by Boyden chambers and the scratch assay. Results: The co-culture of ovarian cancer cells with platelets causes: 1) a phenotypic change in cancer cells, 2) increases TF protein levels and activity, 3) induces EMT markers, 3) promotes chemoattraction and cancer cell migration. Conclusion: We present evidence that platelet-cancer cell interaction promotes a Metastasis Initiating Cell phenotype and enhanced migration. We speculate that platelet-cancer cell interaction may promote the formation of metastatic foci worsening the patient prognosis. Fundings: FONDECYT 1120292, 3120003, 1100870, CORFO 13IDL2-18608, BMRC 13CTI-21526-P6 Citation Format: Renan F. Orellana, Barbara Oliva, Sumie Kato, Loreto Bravo, Pamela Gonzalez, Olga Panes, Diego Mezzano, Mauricio Cuello, Gareth Owen. Platelet interaction induces Tissue Factor and a pro-metastatic phenotype in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1117. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1117
CASE OF SIMPLE FRACTURE OF THE VAULT, WITH MENINGITIS ON THE THIRD DAY. AUTOPSY.
Authors: EDWARD T. ALFORD
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The patient, Mr. W., while riding on a bicycle, Tuesday morning, June 1, was struck by a street car and severely injured. He was immediately taken to the Baptist Hospital, entering the service of Dr. Bayard Holmes, at 10:15 a. m. At this time he was conscious; there was no deviation of the eyes, no ptosis and the pupils were neither contracted nor dilated, and they both reacted to light. His hearing was apparently normal and there was no hemorrhage from the ears. There was no aphasia, as speech was normal, and no paralysis in any part of the body was evident. There was a good deal of hemorrhage from the nose and mouth, the upper lip being cut from the left nostril through the lower border of the nasal septum and through the lip a little to the left of the median line. This involved all the structures of
Mechanical properties of rat cardiac skinned fibers are altered by chronic growth hormone hypersecretion.
Authors: E Mayoux, R Ventura-Clapier, J Timsit, F Béhar-Cohen, C Hoffmann, J J Mercadier
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Chronic growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion in rats leads to increased isometric force without affecting the unloaded shortening velocity of isolated cardiac papillary muscles, despite a marked isomyosin shift toward V3. To determine if alterations occurred at the level of the contractile proteins in rats bearing a GH-secreting tumor (GH rats), we examined the mechanical properties of skinned fibers to eliminate the early steps of the excitation-contraction coupling mechanism. We found that maximal active tension and stiffness at saturating calcium concentrations (pCa 4.5) were markedly higher in GH rats than in control rats (tension, 52.9 +/- 5.2 versus 38.1 +/- 4.6 mN.mm-2, p &lt; 0.05; stiffness, 1,105 +/- 120 versus 685 +/- 88 mN.mm-2.microns-1, p &lt; 0.01), whereas values at low calcium concentrations (pCa 9) were unchanged. In addition, the calcium sensitivity of the contractile proteins was slightly but significantly higher in GH rats than in control rats (delta pCa 0.04, p &lt; 0.001). The crossbridge cycling rate, reflected by the response to quick length changes, was lower in GH rats than in control rats (62.0 +/- 2.6 versus 77.4 +/- 6.6 sec-1, p &lt; 0.05), in good agreement with a decrease in the proportion of alpha-myosin heavy chains in the corresponding papillary muscles (45.5 +/- 2.0% versus 94.6 +/- 2.4%, p &lt; 0.001). The changes in myosin heavy chain protein phenotype were paralleled by similar changes of the corresponding mRNAs, indicating that the latter occurred mainly at a pretranslational level. These results demonstrate that during chronic GH hypersecretion in rats, alterations at the myofibrillar level contribute to the increase in myocardial contractility observed in intact muscle.
Postischaemic reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart: effect of ruthenium red
Authors: V. M Figueredo, K. P Dresdner, A. C Wolney, A. M Keller
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Postischaemic reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart: effect of ruthenium red Get access Vincent M Figueredo, Vincent M Figueredo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Karl P Dresdner, Jr., Karl P Dresdner, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arlene C Wolney, Arlene C Wolney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Andrew M Keller Andrew M Keller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 4, April 1991, Pages 337–342, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.4.337 Published: 01 April 1991 Article history Received: 22 June 1990 Accepted: 18 December 1990 Published: 01 April 1991
Cardiac compartment-specific overexpression of a modified retinoic acid receptor produces dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure in transgenic mice.
Authors: M C Colbert, D G Hall, T R Kimball, S A Witt, J N Lorenz, M L Kirby, T E Hewett, R Klevitsky, J Robbins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Retinoids play a critical role in cardiac morphogenesis. To examine the effects of excessive retinoid signaling on myocardial development, transgenic mice that overexpress a constitutively active retinoic acid receptor (RAR) controlled by either the alpha- or beta-myosin heavy chain (MyHC) promoter were generated. Animals carrying the alpha-MyHC-RAR transgene expressed RARs in embryonic atria and in adult atria and ventricles, but developed no signs of either malformations or disease. In contrast, beta-MyHC-RAR animals, where expression was activated in fetal ventricles, developed a dilated cardiomyopathy that varied in severity with transgene copy number. Characteristic postmortem lesions included biventricular chamber dilation and left atrial thrombosis; the incidence and severity of these lesions increased with increasing copy number. Transcript analyses showed that molecular markers of hypertrophy, alpha-skeletal actin, atrial natriuretic factor and beta-MyHC, were upregulated. Cardiac performance of transgenic hearts was evaluated using the isolated perfused working heart model as well as in vivo, by transthoracic M-mode echocardiography. Both analyses showed moderate to severe impairment of left ventricular function and reduced cardiac contractility. Thus, expression of a constitutively active RAR in developing atria and/ or in postnatal ventricles is relatively benign, while ventricular expression during gestation can lead to significant cardiac dysfunction.
Cuppa Coffee for the Cardia? or Sanka Soothes the Sphincter?
Authors: Charles E. Pope
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

The We-All-Know syndrome is quite common in clinical medicine, especially in the area of diet therapy. We All Know that ulcers will be soothed and healed by the calming effects of a bland diet. We All Know that the tender pockets of diverticular disease of the colon must never be challenged by rough abrasive fibers of lettuce and self-impacting raspberry seeds. We All Know that the unfortunate with heartburn should be strictly forbidden to sip on coffee that contains the noxious drug, caffeine, a potent acid stimulator and sphincter weakener.The We-All-Know syndrome is often dispelled by objective investigation. Dr. . . .
A CD28 superagonistic antibody elicits 2 functionally distinct waves of T cell activation in rats
Authors: Nora Müller, Jens van den Brandt, Francesca Odoardi, Denise Tischner, Judith Herath, Alexander Flügel, Holger M. Reichardt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Administration of the CD28 superagonistic antibody JJ316 is an efficient means to treat autoimmune diseases in rats, but the humanized antibody TGN1412 caused devastating side effects in healthy volunteers during a clinical trial. Here we show that JJ316 treatment of rats induced a dramatic redistribution of T lymphocytes from the periphery to the secondary lymphoid organs, resulting in severe T lymphopenia. Live imaging of secondary lymphoid organs revealed that JJ316 administration almost instantaneously (<2 minutes) arrested T cells in situ. This reduction in T cell motility was accompanied by profound cytoskeletal rearrangements and increased cell size. In addition, surface expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 was enhanced, endothelial differentiation sphingolipid G protein-coupled receptor 1 and L selectin levels were downregulated, and the cells lost their responsiveness to sphingosine 1-phosphate-directed migration. These proadhesive alterations were accompanied by signs of strong activation, including upregulation of CD25, CD69, CD134, and proinflammatory mediators. However, this did not lead to a cytokine storm similar to the clinical trial. While most of the early changes disappeared within 48 hours, we observed that CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells experienced a second phase of activation, which resulted in massive cell enlargement, extensive polarization, and increased motility. These data suggest that CD28 superagonists elicit 2 qualitatively distinct waves of activation.
Sexual Activity and Vaginal Colonization With Genital Mycoplasmas
Authors: William M. McCormack
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The relationship of sexual activity to vaginal colonization with the genital mycoplasmas (T-strain mycoplasmas and<i>Mycoplasma</i>hominis) was studied in 183 student and graduate nurses. Participants with no history of sexual contact were virtually free of mycoplasmas, whereas 37.5% of those with a history of intercourse with a single partner and 75.0% of those who had had intercourse with three or more partners were colonized with T-mycoplasmas. These data suggest that T-mycoplasmas are acquired through sexual contact and are part of the vaginal flora of healthy sexually active young women.
CHRONIC NASAL CATARRH.
Authors: HENRY G. OHLS
Journal: JAMA (1898)

What is nasal catarrh? I believe the only comprehensive definition is: A pathologic change in the system or in the structure of the nares, accompanied by altered function of the mucous membrane. Nor do I place the constitutional before the local causes on account of their greater importance and frequency. On the contrary, the large majority of cases depend upon local causes and are amenable to local treatment. My definition includes a great variety of conditions, and for the very good reason that catarrh, so-called, necessarily includes a great variety of conditions or diseases requiring the most diverse measures, medicinal and operative, for their successful treatment. It is a popular fallacy that catarrh runs into, or predisposes to, tubercular diseases. On the contrary, Bosworth ("Diseases of the Nose and Throat," Vol. I, page 99) ridicules the idea of a catarrhal diathesis, and claims that catarrhal inflammation always remains catarrhal, producing
THE SANITARY AND MORAL PROPHYLAXIS OF VENEREAL DISEASES.
Authors: PRINCE A. MORROW
Journal: JAMA (1905)

It is generally recognized by those who have studied this subject that the prophylaxis of the class of diseases comprehended under the general term "venereal" is the most complex, difficult and baffling of all the problems of social hygiene which confront us at the present day. My object in this paper is simply to indicate the lines along which this prophylactic work should be undertaken and to recommend certain measures which are immediately available and which promise to be effective in limiting, at least, the evil we wish to prevent. In the first place, it is necessary to clear away certain misconceptions which evidently exist in the minds of many of the medical profession as to the purely sanitary character of this problem. Venereal diseases possess certain peculiarities in their origin and mode of propagation which distinguish them from all other infectious diseases, and our methods of dealing with them
Effectiveness of Delayed 2-Day Lymphoscintigraphy on Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients With Breast Cancer With Negative Early Lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: Hsin-Yi Wang, Chien-Chung Tsai, Guang-Uei Hung, Wan-Yu Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Most centers perform lymphoscintigraphy for the detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with breast cancer within 2 hours after radiotracer injection. However, the interval between the injection of the radiotracer and surgery may not be long enough. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of delayed imaging (more than 15 hours) for SLN detection in patients with negative early images.We retrospectively analyzed a database of 401 patients with breast cancer referred for SLN detection. On the day before surgery, lymphoscintigrams were obtained at 30-minute intervals until SLN was detected or 120 minutes. In those patients who failed to localize SLN on the early images, delayed imaging was performed the next morning.Twenty-seven (6.7%) patients failed to show SLN on the early images. In the 27 patients, delayed imaging was available for 14 patients but not for 13 patients resulting from the tight time schedule for surgery. Of the 14 patients with delayed images, SLNs were successfully harvested in 10 patients (71.4%) at surgery. In contrast, in the 13 patients who lacked delayed images, SLN was only harvested in one case (7.7%) at surgery. The intraoperative detection rate for SLN was significantly higher in the 14 patients with delayed images than that in the 13 patients without delayed images.Two-day delayed imaging is significantly useful to increase the rate of localizing SLN at surgery in patients with a negative early image.
CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP
Authors: Steven E. Ross
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The article by L. E. Harris and associates on the early diagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip inThe Journal, May 21, page 229, and the letter of F. K. Alexander questioning the wisdom of this work because it involved roentgenologic examination of many infants, inThe Journal, Aug. 6, page 1616, raise questions of medicine, language, logic, and moral philosophy, all fascinating in different ways. Congenital dislocation of the hip is a crippling disease, difficult to understand and often difficult to diagnose. The results of treatment are often gratifying but cannot be predicted. How effective therapy is no-one knows since there is no general agreement on what constitute "early" or "minimal" or "slight subluxation" cases. Caffey and his group at Babies Hospital, Columbia University, have shown that traditional criteria used in predicting dislocation are unreliable (<i>Pediatrics</i><b>17</b>:632 [May] 1956); asymmetrical gluteal folds, limitation of
FATAL CASES OF ACUTE MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PSYCHOSIS
Authors: Charles P. Larson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1939)

An analysis of the physical and mental symptoms and laboratory findings in 14 cases of fatal acute manic-depressive psychosis has been presented. Essential features were: dehydration and hypochloræmia. Autopsy revealed petechial hæmorrhages into the vital areas of the brain. These hæmorrhages are considered to be secondary to the hypochloræmia, and are the immediate cause of death. Treatment is specific and consists of combating the dehydration and raising the blood chloride level to normal. Nine consecutive cases have been treated with the method described and not a single fatality resulted. The need for research into the cause for the high mortality in cases of acute manic-depressive psychosis, which is a potentially recoverable condition, has been very great. It is hoped that this work will be corroberated by other investigators, and that it may pave the way to materially lower the mortality in these cases.
Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a key regulator of oval cell activation and inflammation-associated liver carcinogenesis in mice
Authors: Tobias Pusterla, Julia Nèmeth, Ilan Stein, Lars Wiechert, David Knigin, Silke Marhenke, Thomas Longerich, Varun Kumar, Bernd Arnold, Arndt Vogel, Angelika Bierhaus, Eli Pikarsky, Jochen Hess, Peter Angel
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. RAGE is mainly involved in tissue damage and chronic inflammatory disorders, sustaining the inflammatory response upon engagement with damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) such as S100 proteins and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Enhanced expression of RAGE and its ligands has been demonstrated in distinct tumors and several studies support its crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis by still unknown mechanisms. Here we show that RAGE supports hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation in the Mdr2(-/-) mouse model, a prototype model of inflammation-driven HCC formation, which mimics the human pathology. Mdr2(-/-) Rage(-/-) (dKO) mice developed smaller and fewer HCCs than Mdr2(-/-) mice. Interestingly, although in preneoplastic Mdr2(-/-) livers RAGE ablation did not affect the onset of inflammation, premalignant dKO livers showed reduced liver damage and fibrosis, in association with decreased oval cell activation. Oval cells expressed high RAGE levels and displayed reduced proliferation upon RAGE silencing. Moreover, stimulation of oval cells with HMGB1 promoted an ERK1/2-Cyclin D1-dependent oval cell proliferation in vitro. Finally, genetic and pharmacologic blockade of RAGE signaling impaired oval cell activation in an independent mouse model of oval cell activation, the choline deficient ethionine-supplemented dietary regime.Our data identified a novel function of RAGE in regulating oval cell activation and tumor development in inflammation-associated liver carcinogenesis.
A structured review of patient-reported outcome measures for patients with skin cancer, 2013
Authors: E. Gibbons, C. Casañas i Comabella, R. Fitzpatrick
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The collection of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) within the national PROMs programme for elective procedures is now established mandatory practice in the NHS with high response rates and completion.This review examines the evidence of PROMs for people with skin cancer.Comprehensive searches were conducted using several sources and databases, using a detailed search strategy developed by the University of Oxford's PROM Group. Articles were assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted per PROM for each measurement property and appraised using an appraisal framework.A total of 3517 articles were identified in the searches, and 28 were included in the final review after assessment by two independent reviewers. Two generic instruments (SF-36 and Sickness Impact Profile) and nine condition-specific PROMs were identified.Overall, there is a limited volume of published evidence for the application of generic PROMs for people with skin cancer. Evaluation of the EQ-5D may be particularly important given its widespread use in many other healthcare contexts in the U.K. The Skin Cancer Index could be considered for piloting in the NHS. For patients with nonmelanoma skin cancers, the Skindex measures may also be considered. The SCQOLIT has some evidence of applicability across both skin cancer types but more evaluations are needed. The FACT-M does have more promising characteristics for patients with malignant melanomas although no evidence of testing in the U.K. was found. The forthcoming EORTC-M may prove a useful measure given the expertise and track record of this European collaboration in cancer and quality of life.
Abstract 5488: Merging structure-activity relationship and nanotechnology to re-engineer cisplatin
Authors: Abhimanyu S. Paraskar, Shivani Soni, Padmaparna Chaudhuri, Shiladitya Sengupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The use of nanovectors holds the potential to revolutionize cancer chemotherapy by specifically targeting tumor. A number of polymeric nanovectors are currently in development or in clinics, and are dramatically altering the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics profile of the active agent. However, most of these polymeric constructs decrease the potency of the conjugated active agent, relying on increased uptake into the tumor for the improved therapeutic index. Furthermore, the nanovector formulation of small molecules such as cisplatin, which is a first-line therapy for multiple cancers, has been a challenge. So there is an urgent need to design a nanoparticle which will release a drug at its target site without decreasing efficacy of cisplatin. In the present study, we synthesized cisplatin-poly-isobutylene-maleic acid modified with glucosamine conjugate, which self assembles into nanoparticles with unique size depending on cisplatin to polymer ratio. The poly-isobutylene-maleic acid modification with glucosamine, mimicking glycans, not only increases hydrophilicity but also gives unique structural facilitation to polymer backbone so it can hold cisplatin by caboxylato and coordinate bond. The release kinetics of these nanoparticles reveals that the cisplatin release is pH dependent, and is released faster in lower pH than neutral or basic condition. We found that the these nanoparticles were taken up by cancer cells within 6 hours and inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in lung and breast cancer cells in vitro. In an in vivo lung and breast cancer models, the nanoparticles reduce tumor growth significantly with reduced systemic toxicity as compared to free cisplatin. In conclusion we have demonstrated that rationally re-engineered cisplatin nanoparticles improved therapeutic index for lung, breast and transgenic ovarian murine cancer models, which can be harnessed in the clinical management of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5488.