tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early postoperative changes in left ventricular chamber size, architecture, and function in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation and their relation to intraoperative changes in afterload: a prospective two-dimensional echocardiographic study.
Authors: M Sutton, T Plappert, A Spiegel, J Raichlen, P Douglas, N Reichek, L Edmunds
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We prospectively studied 16 patients with isolated aortic stenosis and eight with isolated aortic regurgitation undergoing aortic valve replacement, using two-dimensional echocardiography preoperatively, intraoperatively, and 41 +/- 7 days postoperatively to calculate the intraoperative change in afterload, quantify the postoperative changes in left ventricular chamber size, architecture, load and function, determine whether the postoperative left ventricular remodeling correlated with the intraoperative change in afterload in aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation, and assess whether preoperative afterload excess precluded postoperative improvement in left ventricular function. Preoperative left ventricular mass, end-systolic meridional and circumferential wall stresses, ejection fraction, and stress-shortening relations in patients with aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation were similar. However, our patients with aortic regurgitation had severe systolic dysfunction, with ejection fraction less than 55% in all but one patient, compared with only 10 of 16 patients with aortic stenosis. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, mass/volume ratio, and chamber shape were significantly different in patients with aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation (174 +/- 64 vs 294 +/- 140 ml, p less than .01; 1.81 +/- 0.63 vs 1.14 +/- 0.18, p less than .01; and 0.59 +/- 0.09 vs 0.69 +/- 0.09, p less than .05, respectively). Intraoperative end-systolic meridional and circumferential stresses fell significantly in patients with aortic stenosis but remained unchanged in those with aortic regurgitation. The changes in left ventricular volume and ejection fraction during early postoperative remodeling (6 weeks) correlated with the intraoperative change in afterload in patients with aortic stenosis. In contrast, there was no intraoperative change in afterload in patients with aortic regurgitation and no significant changes in left ventricular volume, architecture, or function at 6 weeks or at 6 months. The differences in left ventricular remodeling and changes in function between patients with aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation in the early postoperative period most probably relates to the major difference in intraoperative reduction in afterload, although a contributory role may have been played by the preoperative left ventricular dysfunction in those with aortic regurgitation that was underestimated by measurement of ejection fraction.
Optimal resource allocation in colonoscopy: timing of follow-up colonoscopies in relation to adenoma detection rates
Authors: J. Sint Nicolaas, V. de Jonge, O. van Baalen, F. Kubben, W. Moolenaar, M. Stolk, E. Kuipers, M. van Leerdam
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

<b>Background and study aims: </b>The assessment of indications for follow-up colonoscopy may help to improve the allocation of available endoscopy resources. The aim of this study was to assess the timing of early follow-up colonoscopy and surveillance utilization in relation to adenoma detection rate (ADR) at follow-up. <b>Methods:</b> An assessment of the timing and yield of follow-up colonoscopies was performed in patients with non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a Dutch multicenter study. The primary outcome was the number of patients with a prior (index) colonoscopy. The necessity for follow-up procedures was assessed using the ADR. <b>Results:</b> Of 4800 consecutive patients undergoing a colonoscopy, 1249 non-IBD patients had undergone an index colonoscopy. Of these, follow-up procedures were performed within 1 year in 27 % (331/1249). Excluding incomplete colonoscopy, incomplete polypectomy, or poor bowel preparation on index, the ADR on early follow-up was 4 % for symptomatic and 26 % for asymptomatic patients. Among the asymptomatic patients with a follow-up colonoscopy at > 1 year (n = 463), an ADR of 23 % (108/463) was found. In 27 % of these patients, the observed surveillance intervals were in accordance with American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) surveillance recommendations; 60 % were classified as over-utilization and 13 % as under-utilization according to the AGA. Optimal utilization follow-up colonoscopies had higher ADRs on follow-up compared with over-utilized procedures (31 % vs. 17 %; <i>P</i> < 0.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Follow-up colonoscopy in symptomatic patients within a year has limited value in terms of adenoma detection. A considerable proportion of surveillance colonoscopies are performed too early according to current guidelines, resulting in low detection rates. Both aspects can be targeted for optimal usage in endoscopic capacity.
Effects of Recovery During Interval Training on Cardiovascular Function
Authors: R. T. Davis, J. L. Mayhew
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1974)

Since its inception in the late 1930's, interval training has become the most widely accepted method of endurance training (Down, 1964).By manipulating the four basic elements of interval training (distance, time, repetitions, and recovery) the desired stimulus on organic function can be attained.Recent work has shown that not the least important of these is the recovery phase (Bonen, 1970).Controversy appears evident concerning the manner of determining recovery during interval training.Several
Prolonged dimethylsulphoxide treatment in 13 patients with systemic amyloidosis.
Authors: M Ravid, J Shapira, R Lang, I Kedar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Continuous oral dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) treatment (7-15 g/day) was given to 3 patients with amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), 3 patients with idiopathic amyloidosis, and 7 patients with secondary amyloidosis. The nephrotic syndrome and various degrees of renal insufficiency were the major clinical manifestation in all case. Renal function was used as the main parameter for evaluation of therapy. DMSO treatment for 7-16 months produced no effect in the FMF patients and in the patient with idiopathic amyloidosis; they all ran the predictable clinical course of their disease and either died of cardiac failure or have been maintained on chronic haemodialysis. In the 7 patients with secondary amyloidosis an unequivocal improvement of renal function was observed following 3-6 months of DMSO treatment. It was shown by a 30-100% rise of creatinine clearance and a decline in proteinuria. This new equilibrium has been maintained as long as DMSO was administered. No serious side effects of DMSO wee encountered. Mild nausea and an unpleasant breath odour were the patients' main concern. We conclude that a therapeutic trial with oral DMSO is warranted in all patients with secondary amyloidosis. This treatment is unpleasant but bears no exceptional risks. It may significantly prolong life, though its effect on amyloid deposits themselves is doubtful.
Immunosuppressive activity of 13-cis-retinoic acid and prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rats.
Authors: L Massacesi, E Castigli, M Vergelli, J Olivotto, A L Abbamondi, F Sarlo, L Amaducci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Some activities of retinoids on cellular and humoral immunity have been described, but the available data are conflicting or obtained at concentrations that are toxic in vivo. In this study, we demonstrate that 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cRA), a retinoid well tolerated in human therapy, can suppress T cell-mediated immunity in rats. Treatment with pharmacological concentrations of 13-cRA prevented active as well as passive transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and suppressed lymphocyte responsiveness to T cell mitogens, suggesting that the drug activity included suppression of an effector T cell response. In addition, mitogen- and antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was inhibited in vitro in the presence of concentrations of 13-cRA equivalent to or less than those achieved in vivo, further suggesting that the prevention of EAE was due to a suppressive activity on T cell-mediated immunity. The immunosuppressive activity of 13-cRA included suppression of interleukin 2, whose production was inhibited in splenocytes. These data indicate that, in an in vivo mammalian system, 13-cRA exerts a suppressive activity on T cell-mediated immunity intensive enough to suppress an ongoing immune response, and that this effect can be achieved at nontoxic concentrations that may also be attained in human therapy.
Corporal punishment must not be reintroduced into schools
Authors: J. M Wynne
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor–Members of the child protection interest group, a subgroup of the British Association of Community Child Health, were appalled to hear that the reintroduction of corporal punishment is to be debated in the Education Bill. Beating is a part of the vision that the secretary of state for education and employment has for education in Britain. Hitting or beating was abolished in state schools in 1987, and a generation of children has grown up without fear of the cane, ruler, tawse, ferule, slipper, or hand.

Since 1987 the British …
Rapid detection of the Leu708Pro mutation in pediatric Wilson disease (WD). Clinical and epidemiological differences with adults
Authors: Monica Penate, Luis Garcia-Villarreal, Francisco Rodriguez-Esparragon, Luis Pena, Miguel Fernandez-Burriel, Elena Jimenez, Jose Miguel Marrero, Miguel Jorge, Clemencia Guevara, Alberto Monescillo, Ana Cruz, Angel Sierra, Antonio Tugores
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
MANAGEMENT OF SCARLET FEVER CONTACTS
Authors: PAUL S. RHOADS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

In Illinois, cultures for hemolytic streptococci are not required by the quarantine regulations for scarlet fever. Patients are released from quarantine at the end of twenty-eight days unless they have draining purulent lesions, such as sinusitis, suppurating cervical adenitis or otitis media. They must remain away from schools and public gatherings for one week after quarantine is lifted. After the patient with scarlet fever is taken to a contagious disease hospital, nonimmune children in the same home are quarantined for seven days. Then, if no disease has developed, they are allowed to return to school. Adults and immune children are allowed to leave the quarantined home after a soap and water bath and a change to clean clothing, provided they make arrangements not to return. Nonimmune food handlers may resume their occupations but must be kept under daily observation. If the patient with scarlet fever remains in the home, his
VEGFR-3 Expression Is Restricted to Blood and Lymphatic Vessels in Solid Tumors
Authors: Tatiana V. Petrova, Petri Bono, Wolfgang Holnthoner, Jessica Chesnes, Bronislaw Pytowski, Harri Sihto, Pirjo Laakkonen, Päivi Heikkilä, Heikki Joensuu, Kari Alitalo
Journal: Cancer Cell (2008)
A novel functional variant in 8q24 is associated with regulation of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) gene expression and bladder cancer risk
Authors: Yi-Ping Fu, Indu Kohaar, Adam Mumy, Wei Tang, Brian Muchmore, Patricia Porter-Gill, Luyang Liu, Jonine Figueroa, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Dalsu Baris, Mark Purdue, Michael Thun, Demetrius Albanes, Nuria Malats, Francisco X Real, Manolis Kogevinas, Alison Johnson, Molly Schwenn, Stephen Chanock, Nathaniel Rothman, Debra Silverman, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
Journal: Genome biology (2011)

Deep exome resequencing is a powerful approach for delineating patterns of protein-coding variation among genes, pathways, individuals and populations.We analyzed exome data from 2,440 individuals of European and African ancestry as part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Exome Project, the aim of which is to discover novel genes and mechanisms that contribute to heart, lung and blood disorders.Each exome was sequenced to a mean coverage of 116×, allowing detailed inferences about the population genomic patterns of both common variation and rare coding variation.We identifi ed more than 500,000 single nucleotide variations, the majority of which were novel and rare (76% of variants had a minor allele frequency of less than 0.1%), refl ecting the recent dramatic increase in the size of the human population.The unprecedented magnitude of this dataset allowed us to rigorously characterize the large variation in nucleotide diversity among genes (ranging from 0 to 1.32%), as well as the role of positive and purifying selection in shaping patterns of proteincoding variation and the diff erential signatures of population structure from rare and common variation.This dataset provides a framework for personal genomics and is an important resource that will allow inferences of broad importance to human evolution and health.
The Autobiographical Ana of Robley Dunglison, MD
Authors: John H. Raach
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Strictly speaking, an ana is a collection of the notable sayings of an individual, of which Boswell's<i>Life of Johnson</i>is the example par excellence. The Dunglisoniana edited by Dr. Radbill includes much more than mere sayings; it is a compendium of letters, notes, observations, and recollections which the author prepared for his family. In many respects it seems to be an apologia of a physician who was considered in his day to be one of the outstanding clinicians in the United States. Dr. Dunglison was the personal physician to Thomas Jefferson in his last illness. He also was a consultant to ex-presidents Madison and Monroe, and was called to Washington in consultation on President Jackson. The information contained in this work reveals many little-known facets of American medicine and medical schools during the middle third of the last century. Firsthand accounts, although colored by individual prejudice, are always interesting
Intragastric N-nitrosation is unlikely to be responsible for gastric carcinoma developing after operations for duodenal ulcer.
Authors: M R Keighley, D Youngs, V Poxon, D Morris, T J Muscroft, D W Burdon, J Barnard, P M Bavin, R W Brimblecombe, D W Darkin
Journal: Gut (1984)

Three groups of patients studied after operations which had cured their duodenal ulcer were compared with a control group (no operation, n = 8). The surgical procedures included: proximal gastric vagotomy (n = 7), truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (n = 7), truncal vagotomy and antrectomy (n = 8). Samples of gastric juice were aspirated half hourly or hourly over 24 hours for measurement of pH, counts of all identified bacteria, nitrite and total N-nitrosocompounds. Although the pH over 24 hours was significantly higher after proximal gastric vagotomy (p less than 0.05) and truncal vagotomy and antrectomy (p less than 0.001) than controls, there was no difference between truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty and controls. Counts of nitrate reducing bacteria over 24 hours were also significantly higher after truncal vagotomy and antrectomy than controls (p less than 0.1) but no differences were observed between the other groups. Only after truncal vagotomy and antrectomy was nitrite over 24 hours significantly increased compared with controls (p less than 0.01). Despite these higher values after truncal vagotomy and antrectomy, there was no significant difference in total N-nitrosocompounds between any of the four groups. Whereas bacterial counts and nitrite increased with pH, no correlation was found between total N-nitrosocompounds and pH. These results provide no evidence that exposure to total N-nitrosocompounds is increased after operations for duodenal ulcer.
Dermatitis herpetiformis: an evaluation of diagnostic criteria
Authors: LIONEL FRY, P. P. SEAH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Dermatitis herpetiformis: an evaluation of diagnostic criteria Get access LIONEL FRY, LIONEL FRY Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. P. SEAH P. P. SEAH Department of Dermatology, St Mary's Hospital, London, W.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 2, 1 February 1974, Pages 137–146, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06377.x Published: 01 February 1974 Article history Accepted: 26 June 1973 Published: 01 February 1974
Metabolic Toxemia of Late Pregnancy: A Disease of Malnutrition
Authors: Irwin H. Kaiser
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In some ways it is reassuring to learn from Brewer that the day of the pamphleteer is not yet over. For example, we look back with pleasure to the raging arguments over obstetrical anesthesia since we know that the heat of the invective hastened the spread of medical information. But the book is otherwise disturbing.  Brewer has concluded that the acute toxemia of pregnancy is a disease of malnutrition which leads to limitations of hepatic conjugation of injurious substances, some of which derive from bacterial decompositions in the bowel and some of which are steroids produced by the placenta. The clinical manifestations are presumably results of the impact of these insults. It follows that all other etiologic hypotheses are wrong and must be destroyed. Therapy, other than lifesaving procedures in the terminal phases of the disease, preeminently delivery, consists of administration of a high protein diet and bowel antiseptics. All
Arginine: an unusual dietary requirement of pre-B lymphocytes?
Authors: Tucker W. LeBien
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Nonstandard abbreviations used: bone marrow (BM); B cell receptor (BCR); Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk); B cell linker protein (BLNK); stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1); µ heavy chains/surrogate
Study groups make vaccine recommendations
Authors: C. Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

SOME ADVERSE reactions and other warnings about vaccines cited in three reports from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) should not be incorporated into public policies regarding immunization, says an ad hoc subcommittee of the National Vaccine Advisory Committee formed to help the Assistant Secretary for Health translate the findings of the IOM reports into national policy. The reports are<i>Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines, Adverse Events Associated with Childhood Vaccines: Evidence Bearing on Causality</i>, and<i>DPT Vaccine and Chronic Nervous System Dysfunction.</i> The subcommittee's review of the IOM's report was summarized at a meeting of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) advisory committee on Vaccines and Related Products by Theodore C. Eickhoff, MD, of the Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver. Eickhoff represented the FDA's committee during the discussions. The National Vaccine Advisory Committee formed the subcommittee, which met this March, to review
A Post-Graduate Lecture ON THE VARIETIES OF MALIGNANT ENDOCARDITIS: Delivered at the London School of Clinical Medicine (Seamen's Hospital)
Authors: F. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1908)

GENTLEMEN,-Ipropose to bring to your notice some cases of malignant endocarditis, with the object of showing you what a great variety of clinical symptoms such cases present, and of discussing the possibility of classifying them.In malignant endocarditis we have a condition of septicaemia associated with microbic endocarditis, and attended, as a rule, to which exceptions are rare, by pyre-xia.The microbic process taking place in the current of the circulation, and bringing about as it does the destruction of the valves, allows the distribution of the micro-organisms, and of fragments of fibrin and of necrosed valve tissue to all parts of the body;
More on the missed disease
Authors: C. Overton, C. Park
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Engemise and colleagues do not mention dyschezia as a symptom of endometriosis.1 Excruciating pain in the rectum, worst premenstrually and during menstruation, is indicative of deep endometriosis in the rectovaginal septum and should prompt a general practitioner (GP) to refer to a gynaecologist.2

The 7025 women with endometriosis in the survey …
A Report Card on Academic Geriatrics in 1991: The Struggle for Academic Respectability
Authors: William R. Hazzard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Editorials1 August 1991A Report Card on Academic Geriatrics in 1991: The Struggle for Academic RespectabilityWilliam R. Hazzard, MDWilliam R. Hazzard, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-3-229 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGeriatrics has clearly come a long way since a classic 1978 Institute of Medicine study (1) outlined the challenge to the academic medical establishment of the impending demographic imperative of an aging population. In contrast to 1978, many undergraduate medical curricula now contain substantial gerontologic and geriatric content (albeit on average far less than recommended) (2); geriatric experience is a "must" in residencies in internal medicine and family practice (although in 1990 it could be identified in only 36% of internal medicine programs) (3); accredited geriatric fellowship programs have been established at over 100 centers in the Department of Internal...References1. DansKerr PM. Gerontology and geriatrics in medical education. N Engl J Med. 1979;300:228-32. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Hazzard W. Clinical rationales for the inclusion of geriatrics in medical education. In: Proceedings of the Regional Institutes on Geriatrics and Medical Education. Washington, DC: Association of American Medical Colleges; 1983:49-78. Google Scholar3. ReubenFinkVivellHirschBeck DASSJ. Geriatrics in residency programs. Acad Med. 1990;65:382-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1052 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA Quarter Century in Developing Geriatric Programs at Three Academic Health Centers: Highlights and Lessons LearnedPhysician Practice Patterns in Nursing HomesCapturing the power of academic medicine to enhance health and health care of the elderly in the USAAn Open Letter to Every Medical Student Who Aspires to Become a Leader in Academic Geriatric MedicineIn Defense of a Department of GeriatricsChristine K. Cassel, MDCan Internal Medicine Residents Be Better Prepared to Care for Their Older Patients?First Year Medical Student Attitudes Toward the ElderlyReading the Tea Leaves of Psychotropic Drug Utilization EvaluationAcademic Gerontology or Aging of the Academician (1993): Implications for Aspiring Academic GeriatriciansMid-Career Faculty Development Awards in Geriatrics: Does Retraining Work?Geriatric Fellowship Training: A Revisionist Proposal 1 August 1991Volume 115, Issue 3Page: 229-230KeywordsAcademic medicineAgingFellowshipsGeriatricsMedical educationResidencyUndergraduates Issue Published: 1 August 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...