tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of selective and non-selective beta blockade on pulmonary function and tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance in healthy subjects.
Authors: D Pavia, J R Bateman, A M Lennard-Jones, J E Agnew, S W Clarke
Journal: Thorax (1986)

A controlled, double blind, crossover study was carried out to ascertain the effect of single doses of selective (100 mg atenolol) and non-selective (160 mg propranolol) beta blocker on pulmonary function and tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance. The study group comprised 12 healthy, young subjects. Adequate and comparable blockade was achieved with both drugs, the administration of which resulted in significantly lower pulse rates (at least up to eight hours after administration of the drug) and systolic blood pressures (three hours after drug administration) than were found with placebo. Small (of the order of 5%) but nevertheless statistically significant falls in FEV1 and forced vital capacity accompanied the administration of both beta blockers (but not the placebo) and were measurable up to eight hours after administration of the drug. Indices of pulmonary function had returned to normal by the next day. Peak expiratory flow and indices of small airways function remained unaltered after beta blockade. Mean tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance was depressed after administration of both beta blocking drugs, although the reduction was significant (p less than 0.05) only when propranolol was compared with placebo.
Some 45 000 people die each month in Congo as result of collapsed health service, says UN official
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The breakdown of the healthcare infrastructure in the Democratic Republic of Congo poses a huge challenge to humanitarian aid groups trying to provide lifesaving health care in the war ravaged nation, the United Nation’s top relief official has said.

“In the Congo overall some 1500 people die every day, that’s 45 000 a month,” said Ross Mountain, the UN’s resident humanitarian coordinator in the country, at a recent press conference in Geneva. “The bulk of those are not dying because they have been shot, although a number are. Most are dying because of the breakdown in the health system.

“They’re dying …
Stromal Progenitor Cells from Endogenous Adipose Tissue Contribute to Pericytes and Adipocytes That Populate the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Yan Zhang, Alexes C. Daquinag, Felipe Amaya-Manzanares, Olga Sirin, Chieh Tseng, Mikhail G. Kolonin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Epidemiologic studies associate cancer with obesity, but the pathophysiologic connections remain obscure. In this study, we show that obesity facilitates tumor growth in mice irrespective of concurrent diet, suggesting a direct effect of excess white adipose tissue (WAT). When transplanted into mice, adipose stromal cells (ASC) can serve as perivascular adipocyte progenitors that promote tumor growth, perhaps helping explain the obesity–cancer link. In developing this hypothesis, we showed that ASCs are expanded in obesity and that they traffic from endogenous WAT to tumors in several mouse models of cancer. Strikingly, a comparison of circulating and tumor-infiltrating cell populations in lean, and obese mice revealed that cancer induces a six-fold increase of ASC frequency in the systemic circulation. We obtained evidence that ASCs mobilized in this way can be recruited into tumors, where they can be incorporated into blood vessels as pericytes and they can differentiate into adipocytes in an obesity-dependent manner. Extending this evidence, we found that increased tumor vascularization (reflected by changes in tumor vascular morphology and a two-fold increase in vascular density) was associated with intratumoral adipocytes and elevated proliferation of neighboring malignant cells. Taken together, our results suggest that ASCs recruited from endogenous adipose tissue can be recruited by tumors to potentiate the supportive properties of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res; 72(20); 5198–208. ©2012 AACR.
HapMap scanning of novel human minor histocompatibility antigens
Authors: Michi Kamei, Yasuhito Nannya, Hiroki Torikai, Takakazu Kawase, Kenjiro Taura, Yoshihiro Inamoto, Taro Takahashi, Makoto Yazaki, Satoko Morishima, Kunio Tsujimura, Koichi Miyamura, Tetsuya Ito, Hajime Togari, Stanley R. Riddell, Yoshihisa Kodera, Yasuo Morishima, Toshitada Takahashi, Kiyotaka Kuzushima, Seishi Ogawa, Yoshiki Akatsuka
Journal: Blood (2008)
Expression patterns of NKG2A, KIR, and CD57 define a process of CD56dim NK-cell differentiation uncoupled from NK-cell education
Authors: Niklas K. Björkström, Peggy Riese, Frank Heuts, Sandra Andersson, Cyril Fauriat, Martin A. Ivarsson, Andreas T. Björklund, Malin Flodström-Tullberg, Jakob Michaëlsson, Martin E. Rottenberg, Carlos A. Guzmán, Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren, Karl-Johan Malmberg
Journal: Blood (2010)
Transmural right ventricular blood flow during acute pulmonary artery hypertension in the sedated dog. Evidence for subendocardial ischemia despite residual vasodilator reserve.
Authors: F L Gold, R J Bache
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

Right ventricular failure during acute pressure overload has been attributed to ischemia which occurs when maximal coronary vasodilation is achieved so that further increases in myocardial blood flow cannot occur. To test the hypothesis that coronary vasodilator reserve is exhausted during acute right ventricular pressure overload, right and left ventricular myocardial blood flow was measured in 14 awake dogs during progressive pulmonary artery occlusion; coronary vasodilator reserve was tested by infusion of adenosine (4 microM/kg per min) before and during pulmonary artery occlusion. Right ventricular myocardial blood flow rose from 0.77 +/- 0.09 ml/min per g (mean +/- SEM) during control conditions to 1.69 +/- 0.27 ml/min per g during moderate pulmonary artery occlusion (P less than 0.01). With further pulmonary artery occlusion to cause increased right ventricular end-diastolic pressure and decreased aortic pressure, a selective decrease in myocardial blood flow to the right ventricular subendocardium was observed, and the right ventricular subendocardial-to-subepicardial blood flow ratio fell from 1.36 +/- 0.14 to 0.77 +/- 0.06 (P less than 0.05). With restoration of mean aortic pressure to control levels, right ventricular systolic pressure increased, right ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased, and the right ventricular subendocardial-to-subepicardial ratio increased to 1.36 +/- 0.18 (P less than 0.01). Adenosine infusion during pulmonary artery occlusion in five dogs caused an increase in mean right ventricular blood flow (1.11 +/- 0.10 to 2.25 +/- 0.30; P less than 0.05). This increase was most marked in the outer layers but, nevertheless, was also significant in the subendocardium. These data indicate that acute severe right ventricular pressure overload may be associated with right ventricular subendocardial hypoperfusion, even when coronary vasodilator reserve is not exhausted.
Emotions and Personality in Complex Partial Seizures
Authors: G.I. Perini
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1986)

Using the emotion profile index (EPI) and the Bear and Fedio personality inventory (PI), we investigated the influence of hemispheric localization of epileptic foci on emotions and personality in 24 patients with complex partial seizure. On the EPI, left patients showed a paranoid and depressed personality and gave a negative image of themselves, whereas right patients rated themselves in a positive way. On the PI, left and right patients showed an epileptic behavioral syndrome. Left patients were more depressed, guilt-ridden and aggressive than right patients.
Calcium/calmodulin regulation of the proliferation of human epidermal keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and mouse B16 melanoma cells in culture
Authors: A. M. AL-ANI, A. G. MESSENGER, J. LAWRY, S. S. BLEEHEN, SHEILA MACNEIL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

We have investigated the relationship between extracellular calcium, intracellular calmodulin and proliferation in normal keratinocytes. Keratinocyte proliferation and its sensitivity to calmodulin antagonists was compared with that of normal human dermal fibroblasts and neoplastic mouse B16 melanoma cells. Keratinocytes were similar to fibroblasts in showing reduced proliferation in low (0.15 mM) calcium medium and unlike B16 cells which continued to proliferate until calcium was reduced to submicromolar levels. Intracellular calmodulin was significantly higher in rapidly dividing keratinocytes in normal (1.15 mM) calcium medium than in slower dividing cells in low (0.15 mM) calcium. Fibroblasts and B16 cells maintained similar calmodulin levels in both low and normal calcium media. Calmodulin antagonists inhibited proliferation of all three cell types equally. Thus, keratinocyte calmodulin seems related to the proliferative state of the cell (unlike fibroblast calmodulin) and calmodulin antagonists may be of use in controlling the hyperproliferation of the psoriatic epidermis.
Identification of SAF-2, a novel siglec expressed on eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils
Authors: Kristine K. Kikly, Bruce S. Bochner, Sylvie D. Freeman, K.B. Tan, Kathleen T. Gallagher, Karla J. D’Alessio, Stephen D. Holmes, Julie A. Abrahamson, Connie L. Erickson-Miller, Paul R. Murdock, Hiroshi Tachimoto, Robert P. Schleimer, John R. White
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Returning Home to Haiti — Providing Medical Care after the Earthquake
Authors: Paul B Delonnay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

As I left an anesthesiology lecture on January 12, someone stopped me to ask whether I had checked on my family in Port-au-Prince. When he explained that there had been an earthquake, I breathed a sigh of relief — earthquakes, I reassured him, are a frequent occurrence in my country. It was not until I saw the news on television moments later that I realized the gravity of the situation. Born and raised in Port-au-Prince, I completed medical school at the Universite d'Etat d'Haiti and then served as a general practitioner for Haiti's Department of Public Health in the port . . .
Congenital Arteriovenous Fistula Causing Congestive Heart Failure in the Newborn
Authors: Donald E. Murray
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A large arteriovenous fistula, involving the epigastric arteries and the umbilical vein and associated with congestive heart failure, occurred in a newborn infant. An aortogram was made through the umbilical artery. Then the involved vessels were ligated and excised. The cardiomegaly rapidly decreased in size, and the infant recovered. The signs of these fistulas include heart failure, widened pulse pressure, bruit, and thrill.
Abstract 3700: Prepubertal dietary genistein intake reduces ovarian cancer risk in BRCA+/- mice.
Authors: E Carney, L. Hilakivi-Clarke, A. Warri, S. de Assis
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone, is thought to play a key role in the cancer-preventive activity of soy consumption. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are known risk factors for both ovarian and breast cancers. Previously, our lab has discovered that prepubertal dietary exposure to genistein reduced 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary incidence (P = 0.029) and aggressiveness of the tumors (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in the WT mice, and upregulated the expression of BRCA1 in their mammary glands (P = 0.04). In this study, we investigated whether prepubertal dietary exposure to genistein reduces ovarian tumors in heterozygous BRCA+/- mice and their wild type littermates. Mice were fed a control diet AIN93G or 500 ppm genistein-supplemented diet from postnatal day (PND) 15 to PND 30, and thereafter mice received the control AIN93G diet. On PND42, control and genistein mice were primed with medroxyprogesterone acetate and, starting at PND50, administered 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) once a week for four weeks. Ovarian tissues were harvested at 5 months of age. Histopathology assessment shows that mice developed granulosa cell tumors. Ovarian tumor incidence in control diet fed wildtype mice was 80% and in the BRCA+/- mice 100%. The incidence dropped to 33% in the wildtype and to 50% in the BRCA+/- mice following prepubertal genistein intake. Thus, the exposure to prepubertal genistein in both BRCA+/- and WT mice significantly reduced ovarian tumor incidence, compared with their control diet fed littermates (P=0.001). The mechanisms mediating the protective effect of prepubertal genistein intake on ovarian cancer risk are being investigated. Citation Format: E Carney, L. Hilakivi-Clarke, A. Warri, S. de Assis. Prepubertal dietary genistein intake reduces ovarian cancer risk in BRCA+/- mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3700. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3700
Fracture of Skull, Rupture of Meningeal Artery. Ligation of Common Carotid, Recovery.
Authors: A. L. Brittin
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Athens, Ill., July 10, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Believing the following case would be of interest to the readers of theJournal, I will report it as briefly as possible: On Wednesday, April 15, 1897, I was called to see T. J. S., carpenter by occupation, age 28, American, and found him lying on the bed profoundly unconscious, pulse 40, breathing stertorous, right pupil dilated, and obtained the following history: Some four hours previously while engaged in building a barn a piece of timber, oak 2 × 8 inches, 11 feet in length, fell from upper part of barn frame while being placed in position by an assistant and dropped a distance of eight or ten feet, striking S. on the top of the head, felling him to the ground, but did not produce immediate unconsciousness. At time of accident he wore a very thick cap on his head, which
A rare case of intraoral lipoma in a six year‐old child: a case report
Authors: Meduri Venkateswarlu, Paramkusam Geetha, Mandadi Srikanth
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

One type of soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity is lipoma, which is a kind of benign tumor composed of mature lipid cells. Although the lipoma presents as one of the most common mesenchymal neoplasms, most tend to develop on the trunk and proximal portions of the extremities. However, lipomas in the oral and maxillofacial region are much less frequent. Here we present a case of an intraoral lipoma in a six year‐old child.
Urinary Antidiuretic Hormone in Polyuric Disorders and in Inappropriate ADH Syndrome
Authors: MYRON MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Urinary antidiuretic hormone (ADH) excretion was measured by radioimmunoassay in patients with polyuric disorders and with the inappropriate ADH syndrome. The hormone was undetectable in patients with severe hypothalamic diabetes insipidus who were on ad libitum fluid intake, and subnormal in patients with partial diabetes insipidus. After dehydration ADH appeared in the urine of those patients who could concentrate to isotonic or hypertonic levels, directly confirming partial ADH deficiency. Patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus on ad libitum fluid intake had measurable ADH in the urine, which increased after dehydration and suppressed after water loading. Thus patients with hypothalamic diabetes insipidus could be clearly differentiated from those with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Only one patient with inappropriate ADH syndrome had ADH levels exceeding the normal range. But hormone excretion was inappropriately high in relation to the level of plasma osmolality and was always detectable after water loading. The urinary ADH response to water loading allows the certain diagnosis of inappropriate ADH syndrome and is a useful tool for evaluating the response of the underlying disorder to therapy.
Therapeutic Trials, Town and Gown, and the Public Interest
Authors: Thomas P. Almy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

After three decades of unprecedented advances in basic biomedical knowledge the American taxpayer, who has for the most part footed the bill, is calling increasingly for a payoff on his investment. Many of his elected representatives, such as Senator Kennedy (DMass.), have demanded1 that the National Institutes of Health and other government research agencies shift their emphasis from the support of basic research to applied research, to the more rapid dissemination of new biomedical knowledge, and to its translation into forms directly useful in the control of major diseases. The obligation to guide these processes had already been acknowledged by . . .
Leuprorelin acetate granulomas: case reports and review of the literature
Authors: K. Yasukawa, D. Sawamura, H. Sugawara, N. Kato
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Summary Leuprorelin acetate, an agonist of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH), is indicated in the treatment of prostate cancer. Recently, depot formulations of leuprorelin acetate have been widely used. We report three patients who showed a granulomatous reaction after treatment using a leuprorelin acetate 3‐month depot formulation. These patients presented with 5–6‐cm subcutaneous nodules at injection sites, which developed after the depot type was changed from a 1‐month to a 3‐month formulation. Skin biopsy showed epithelioid cells and foreign body giant cells containing round, translucent microspheres which formed sarcoidal granulomas. Changing to other GnRH agonists resulted in no further problems. We have reviewed the previous reports of leuprorelin acetate‐induced granuloma formation. The formation of such granulomas may be related to the polymers that allow slow release after injection, or leuprorelin acetate itself may be responsible. The depot injection methods using leuprorelin also seem to have a causal effect in granuloma formation. Dermatologists need to know that depot leuprorelin acetate may cause a granulomatous reaction which produces a subcutaneous nodule that might be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumour.
Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Suresh Kotagal
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Serious neurobehavioural sequelae have prompted interest in diagnosis and management 

O bstructive sleep apnoea is characterised by oxygen desaturation and reduced oro-nasal air flow despite preserved thoracic and abdominal respiratory effort.1 It occurs in 1-2% of children and is more common in prematurely born infants and in black and Hispanic children.2 As our knowledge of this condition has grown, so has concern about it among parents and clinicians. How is it best diagnosed and managed?

Habitual snoring, breathing through the mouth, periods of observed apnoea, restless sleep, urinary incontinence, inattentiveness, daytime hyperactivity, mood swings, and failure to thrive are the most common clinical manifestations of childhood obstructive sleep apnoea. How loudly a child snores is not correlated to the presence or severity of sleep disordered breathing. The most common predisposing factors are adenotonsillar hypertrophy, neuromuscular disorders, and craniofacial anomalies associated with maxillary hypoplasia, retrognathia, or macroglossia. The …
Another Kind of End-Run: Status Upgrades
Authors: E. Haavi Morreim
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. U.S. ex rel. Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 355 F.3d 370 (5th Cir. 2004); U.S. ex rel. Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 200 F.Supp.2d 673 (S.D.Tex. 2002); U.S. ex rel. Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 252 F.3d 749 (5th Cir. 2001 en banc); Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 252 F.3d 749 (5th Cir. 2001); Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 196 F.3d 514 (5th Cir. 1999); Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 982 F.Supp. 1261 (S.D.Tex. 1997). 2. The second main allegation was that the defendants employed a foreign-trained physician who was not licensed to practice medicine in the United States, thereby defrauding the government by billing for services that can only be performed by a licensed physician. 3. U.S. ex rel. Riley v. St. Luke's Episcopal Hosp., 200 F.Supp.2d 673, 677 (S.D.Tex. 2002). 4. Id. 5. 200 F.Supp.2d at 677. 6. 200 F.Supp.2d at 676. 7. 200 F.Supp.2d at 678. 8. 200 F.Supp.2d at 679—680. 9. 355 F.3d 376. 10. 355 F.3d 376. 11. 355 F.3d 376. 12. 355 F.3d 377.
<scp><i>STAT6</i></scp> polymorphisms are associated with neonatal regulatory <scp>T</scp> cells and cytokines and atopic diseases at 3 years
Authors: V. I. Casaca, S. Illi, E. Klucker, N. Ballenberger, M. Schedel, E. von Mutius, M. Kabesch, B. Schaub
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background The transcription factor STAT 6 is crucial for activation of the interleukin ( IL )‐4/ IL ‐13 pathway and has been linked to regulatory T cells (Tregs). Associations of STAT 6 polymorphisms with I g E levels were described; however, their impact on neonatal immune responses and early disease development is unknown. Methods STAT 6 polymorphisms were genotyped in cord blood mononuclear cells by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI ‐ TOF ‐ MS ). Gene expression was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) and cytokines by M ultiplex. At age 3 years, atopic diseases were assessed by questionnaires. Results STAT 6 rs324011 but not rs1059513 polymorphism was associated with significant or borderline significant decreased m RNA expression of T reg‐associated genes ( FOXP 3 , GITR , LAG 3) . Heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs324011 had low levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ‐α) and increased interferon gamma ( IFN ‐γ) ( P ≤ 0.04), while heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs1059513 had increased TNF ‐α and G ranulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor ( GM‐CSF ) ( P ≤ 0.05). In minor allele homozygotes of rs324011, expression of T reg‐associated genes was strongly inverse correlated with IFN ‐γ (unstimulated, r = −0.7, P = 0.111; L p A stimulation, r = −0.8, P = 0.011), but not in heterozygotes or major allele homozygotes. Heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes of rs324011 presented a lower risk of atopic dermatitis and obstructive bronchitis until age 3 years. Conclusions Two STAT 6 polymorphisms were associated with altered immune responses already at birth. STAT 6 rs324011 was associated with lower neonatal T reg and increased T h1 response. Those neonates had a lower risk of atopic dermatitis and obstructive bronchitis until 3 years. Our data suggest a role for STAT 6 polymorphisms in early immune regulation and implications on early atopic disease development.
Phospholipids in Biology and Medicine
Authors: Richard L. Jackson, Antonio M. Gotto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

PHOSPHOLIPIDS, which are important in the structure and function of biologic membranes, have been the subject of evolving information correlating their physical and chemical properties with their physiologic role. An earlier held concept of phospholipids as static structural components of membranes has been dispelled. Phospholipids are in a dynamic state within the membrane, and they may undergo physico-chemical changes. A major aim of this review is to relate this pleomorphism of phospholipids to the biologic properties of membrane and plasma lipoproteins. We have not considered the synthesis and catabolism of phospholipids, a subject discussed by McMurray and Magee.1 Phospholipids are . . .
A gene for familial hemiplegic migraine maps to chromosome 19
Authors: Anne Joutel, Marie-Germaine Bousser, Valérie Biousse, Pierre Labauge, Hugues Chabriat, Argentino Nibbio, Jacqueline Maciazek, Bénédicte Meyer, Marie-Anne Bach, Jean Weissenbach, G. Mark Lathrop, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)