tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Potentiation of erythropoiesis in vitro by dexamethasone.
Authors: D W Golde, N Bersch, M J Cline
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The effect of dexamethasone on erythropoiesis was examined in vitro. Hematopoietic cells from 13-day mouse fetal livers were cultured for 48 h in the presence or absence of erythropoietin and erythroid colonies enumerated. Colony formation occurring in cultures containing no added erythropoietin was inhibited by the incorporation of antierythropoietin antibody, suggesting that these colonies formed in response to endogenous hepatic erythropoietin. Maximal colony formation was observed with 0.5 U/ml of sheep erythropoietin. Dexamethasone increased erythroid colony formation with peak stimulation at 10(-9) M. Dexamethasone potentiation was most marked in cultures containing less than maximally stimulating concentrations of erythropoietin. The cells required only a brief exposure to glucocorticosteroid to exhibit the augmented cloning capacity, and dexamethasone stimulation was inhibited by progesterone (10(-6) M). A comparable response to dexamethasone was observed in cultures of adult murine and human bone marrow erythroid progenitors, implying that the phenomenon is not peculiar to fetal cells and is not dependent on the presence of fetal hepatocytes. These data suggest that erythroid progenitor cells possess a glucocorticoid receptor mechanism that can modulate the response to erythropoietin in vitro.
Even better services: a psychiatric perspective.
Authors: A Sims
Journal: BMJ (1991)

The influential white paper of 1975, Better Services for the Mentally III, was "a long-term strategic document indicating the general direction in which we should move and the general background against which we should be taking decisions," according to Barbara Castle, then Secretary of State, in the foreword.'As we are now celebrating 150 years of British psychiatry since the establishment in 1841 of the Association of Medical Officers of Asylums and Hospitals for the Insane, and 20 years since the award of a supplementary charter that established the Royal College of Psychiatrists, it is timely to review progress in psychiatry.A leading article in the British Medical Journal stated that if the objectives of the new Royal College of Psychiatrists in 1971 were "to be achieved, the standards of psychiatric practice at all levels must be improved so that the patients themselves are beneficiaries.")2The intention of Better Services was to shift the emphasis towards community care, with social services departments responsible for hostels, day centres, group homes, and their staff and psychiatric services providing inpatient care in district general hospitals and community hospitals, and more of the psychiatric work to be carried out in health centres.The whole edifice of comprehensive community mental health care was based upon the structures of the local authority and the health district, so that "the future pattern of services for the mentally ill [is] based on a comprehensive network of health and social service facilities in each district."'Some of these aspirations have been achieved, yet we are still aware in 1991 of major deficiencies in psychiatric care-for example, the homeless mentally ill, people with psychiatric illness in prison, the lack of skilled personnel in many districts so that only psychotic disorders can be adequately dealt with, and the lack of local developments following the rundown of the large mental hospitals.Common to these various problems is that new services have not been established before running down the old ones.Better Services for the Mentally Ill took as its goal provision for a single health district, but it did not prescribe clinical care for the individual patient in need.
Comparative Study of Clinical and Endoscopical Observation of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: T. Miyaoka, M. Nakajima, F. Misaki, K. Murakami, Y. Kohli, M. Tada, A. Kobayashi, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

Using colonofiberscope (CF-LB, Olympus), ulcerative colitis was investigated from the clinical and endoscopical standpoints in 25 patients. Ulcerative colitis was divided into three groups, that is, relapsing-remitting group with symptoms disappearing within four months, chronic continuous group with symptoms over four months and acute fulminating group necessary to surgical treatment. Each of them was 60%, 36% and 4% in our cases. There was a close correlation between our classification of clinical course and severity index by Truelove and Witts. The endoscopical findings were divided into three grades, namely, 1st grade was pseudopolyposis, 2nd grade was multiple ulcers and/or erosions, and 3rd grade was characterized by redness, irregularity and easy vulnerability of mucosa. To grade 3, the endoscopical examination must be repeated for the final diagnosis. Active and inactive stages of the disease were judged endoscopically from the vulnerability of mucosa and this was closely correlated with clinical and histological findings. The endoscopical findings of active area moved year by year and it was related to the frequency of bowel movement. Applying a blue dye (Indigocarmine), transverse and spindle-shaped area between innominate lines could be visualized in the normal colonic mucosa, which was so completely different from the appearance of injured mucosa losing the regular spindle-shaped pattern, that the dye scattering method was of great help for differentiating normal mucosa from inactive ulcerative colitis.
Persisting learning deficits in rats after exposure to Pfiesteria piscicida.
Authors: E D Levin, D E Schmechel, J B Burkholder, N J Deamer-Melia, V C Moser, G J Harry
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Pfiesteria piscicida and other toxic Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates have been implicated as a cause of fish kills in North Carolina estuaries and elsewhere. Accidental laboratory exposure of humans to P. piscicida has been reported to cause a complex syndrome including cognitive impairment. The current project was conducted to experimentally assess the possibility of cognitive effects of P. piscicida exposure in rats. Samples of water from aquaria in which P. piscicida zoospores were killing fish were frozen, a procedure that has been found to induce encystment. Thawed samples were injected into albino Sprague-Dawley rats. A significant learning impairment was documented in rats administered samples of P. piscicida that were recently frozen. Prolonged storage of Pfiesteria samples diminished the effect. No effect was seen in the recall of a previously learned task, but when the rats were called upon to learn a new task, the Pfiesteria-treated animals showed a significant learning deficit. This effect persisted up to at least 10 weeks after a single injection of Pfiesteria. The Pfiesteria-induced learning deficit did not seem to be associated with any obvious debilitation or health impairment of the exposed rats. Deficits in habituation of arousal and rearing behavior were detected using a functional observational battery. No Pfiesteria-induced effects on blood count and white cell differential or in a standard pathological screening of brain, liver, lung, kidney, and spleen tissue were seen at 2 months after exposure. These studies document a persistent learning impairment in rats after exposure to the dinoflagellate P.piscicida in otherwise physically well-appearing rats. This effect may partially model the symptoms of cognitive impairments that humans have shown after Pfiesteria exposure.
Microgranular promyelocytic leukemia: A multiparameter examination
Authors: John R. Krause, Viktor Stolc, Sandra S. Kaplan, Lila Penchansky
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract Six cases of microgranular variant acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3v) were studied by use of a multiparameter approach including morphology, cytochemistry, flow cytochemistry, flow cytometry, cytogenetics, and gene rearrangement. Three of six cases demonstrated both myeloid and monocytoid associated surface markers by flow cytometry. One of six cases had strong alpha‐naphthyl‐butyrate esterase (α‐NBE) activity in addition to myeloperoxidase activity. There was no correlation between percentage of positive monocytoid surface markers and intensity of cytoplasmic α‐NBE activity. Four of six cases also had a T‐cell‐associated surface antigen. Further studies indicated that the T‐cell markers appeared to be on the promyelocytes and that the T‐B receptor gene was not rearranged. Similarly, cytogenetics studies indicated only one clonal abnormality t(15q+; 17q‐). Whether these cases represent true “lineage infldelity” remains to be answered. Future important studies are needed on normal hematopoietic progenitor cells at early stages of development and childhood to study lineage‐specific characteristics and to determine whether co‐expression normally exists during early development.
Accelerated cell‐mediated broncho‐obstructive reaction to inhaled stepronin: a case report
Authors: A. Romano, M. Di Fonso, F. Mormile, D. Quaratino, F. Giuffreda, A. Venuti
Journal: Allergy (1996)

We describe the case of a 20‐year‐old man who developed an obstructive bronchial reaction accompanied by a maculopapular facial rash 8 h after an aerosol treatment with the mucolytic drug stepronin. The results of intradermal and patch testing with stepronin, together with those of bronchial challenge and histologic findings in patch‐tested skin, indicate that the patient's reaction involved an accelerated cell‐mediated mechanism of hypersensitivity. Bronchial challenges with methacholine demonstrated a transient increase in nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity.
Low-Dose Interleukin 2 to Reverse Alopecia Areata
Authors: Maria Hordinsky, Daniel H. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
PANORAMA 2: panobinostat in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and bortezomib-refractory myeloma
Authors: Paul G. Richardson, Robert L. Schlossman, Melissa Alsina, Donna M. Weber, Steven E. Coutre, Cristina Gasparetto, Sutapa Mukhopadhyay, Michael S. Ondovik, Mahmudul Khan, Carole S. Paley, Sagar Lonial
Journal: Blood (2013)
Quality of websites: kitemarking the west wind
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (2000)

“There's a lot of harmful medical information on the internet. Something needs to be done.” The obvious solution is to provide users with some sort of quality rating, guaranteed by a trusted third party. 1 2 Bodies as diverse as the European Union and NHS Direct Online are attracted to this solution to their problems of protecting the public health. But implementing such a solution is likely to be difficult—if not impossible.

Experience to date has not been encouraging. Three years ago Jadad and Gagliardi counted 47 instruments for rating websites, none of them apparently tested for reliability or validity. They wondered “whether they should exist in the first place, whether they measure what they claim to measure, or whether they lead to more good than harm.”3 After the appearance of a further 15 unvalidated instruments they stopped counting (A Jadad, personal communication).

Why is it so difficult to get beyond the good ideas phase? Take the quality criteria most frequently mentioned: accuracy, …
Abstract IA6: Murine models of nonserous ovarian cancer: Effects of mutant Trp53, Pik3ca, and Arida1a in a model of endometrioid carcinoma based on Wnt and PI3K/Akt pathway defects
Authors: Kathleen R. Cho, Rong Wu, Yali Zhai, Isao Sakaguchi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract A dualistic pathway model of ovarian carcinoma (OvCA) pathogenesis has been proposed in which type I OvCAs are low grade, genetically stable, and relatively more indolent than type II OvCAs, most of which are high-grade serous carcinomas. Endometrioid OvCA (EOC) is a prototypical type I tumor, often harboring mutations that affect the Wnt and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. Molecular and histopathologic analyses indicate type I and II OvCAs share overlapping features, and a subset of EOCs may undergo type I→type II progression accompanied by acquisition of somatic TP53 or PIK3CA mutations. We used a murine model of EOC initiated by conditional inactivation of the Apc and Pten tumor suppressor genes to investigate mutant Trp53 or Pik3ca alleles as key drivers of type I→type II OvCA progression. In the mouse EOC model, the presence of somatic Trp53 or Pik3ca mutations resulted in shortened survival and more widespread metastasis. In contrast, bi-allelic inactivation of Arid1a in addition to Apc and Pten actually prolonged survival and tumors with Arid1a inactivation showed more epithelial differentiation than their counterparts with intact Arid1a alleles. Our findings indicate that the adverse prognosis associated with TP53 and PIK3CA mutations in human cancers can be functionally replicated in mouse models of type I→type II OvCA progression. Moreover, the models should represent a robust platform for assessment of the contributions of Trp53, Pik3ca, and Arid1a mutations to the response of EOCs to conventional and targeted drugs. Citation Format: Kathleen R. Cho, Rong Wu, Yali Zhai, Isao Sakaguchi. Murine models of nonserous ovarian cancer: Effects of mutant Trp53, Pik3ca, and Arida1a in a model of endometrioid carcinoma based on Wnt and PI3K/Akt pathway defects. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: From Concept to Clinic; Sep 18-21, 2013; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2013;19(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA6.
Pharmacologic Stress Echocardiography
Authors: Richard B. Devereux
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 July 1992Pharmacologic Stress EchocardiographyRichard B. Devereux, MDRichard B. Devereux, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-2-168 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Martin and colleagues (1) present interesting-data, which shows significant differences among agents currently used for pharmacologic stress echocardiography with regard to their sensitivity and specificity for coronary artery disease as well as to their induction of symptoms. Unfortunately, our replication of the chi-square tests, supposedly done to test statistical significance between groups (with Yates' correction [x2y] when appropriate), does not consistently confirm the reported statistical significance. (Contact author for calculations.) Statistical re-analysis of the data show that only 3 of 10 statistical contrasts attain their reported level of significance; 3 attain lesser degrees of statistical significance; and...Reference1. MartinSeaworthJohnsPupaCondos TJJLW. Comparison of adenosine, dipyridamole, and dobutamine in stress echocardiography. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:190-6. LinkGoogle Scholar1. MartinSeaworthJohnsPupaCondos WJJLW. Comparison of adenosine, dipyridamole, and dobutamine in stress echocardiography. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:190-6. LinkGoogle Scholar1. MartinSeaworthJohnsPupaCondos TJJLW. Comparison of adenosine, dipyridamole, and dobutamine in stress echocardiography. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:190-6. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York Hospital—Cornell Medical Center New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDipyridamole-dobutamine echocardiography: A novel test for the detection of milder forms of coronary artery diseaseDiagnostic and prognostic value of dipyridamole echocardiography in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Comparison with exercise electrocardiography.Assessment of anatomic and physiological severity of single-vessel coronary artery lesions by dipyridamole echocardiography. Comparison with positron emission tomography and quantitative arteriography. 15 July 1992Volume 117, Issue 2Page: 168-169KeywordsEchocardiographySpecificityStable coronary artery diseaseStatistical data Issue Published: 15 July 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Book: The Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus: An International Perspective
Authors: R. Matz
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Ed Jean-Marie Ekoe

John Wiley and Sons, £120, pp 454 ISBN 0 471 97448 X



Rating: 

In 1978, Dr Kelly West published his monograph on the epidemiology of diabetes and its vascular complications, earning himself the name of “father of diabetes epidemiology.” Almost a quarter of a century later we have a worthy successor to this text. And, if ever there was a need for a compendium …
Continuous administration of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor in man. Physiological and pathophysiological implications.
Authors: H M Schulte, G P Chrousos, P W Gold, J D Booth, E H Oldfield, G B Cutler, D L Loriaux
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The continuous 24-h infusion of a maximally stimulating dose (1 micrograms/kg per h) of ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in man caused a modest elevation of plasma cortisol (17.2 +/- 1.4 micrograms/dl) and urinary-free cortisol (173 +/- 43 micrograms/24 h) concentrations, which was far less than that seen with a maximally stimulating dose of ACTH (50.4 +/- 2.2 micrograms/dl and 1,200 +/- 94 micrograms/24 h, respectively). The circadian rhythms of plasma ACTH and cortisol were preserved during CRF administration. An intravenous bolus injection of 1 microgram/kg of ovine CRF given to normal volunteers under basal conditions resulted in elevated plasma ACTH and cortisol peak levels (28 +/- 6 pg/ml and 15.0 +/- 1.0 micrograms/dl, respectively). However, no plasma ACTH and cortisol responses were observed when an identical CRF stimulation test was given at the end of the continuous infusion. These findings suggest that the stimulatory activity of exogenous CRF on the ACTH-secreting cells of the pituitary gland is restrained by the negative feedback of cortisol. The persistent circadian rhythm of ACTH, despite a constant level of plasma CRF during the infusion, suggests that the circadian variation in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis cannot be explained solely by circadian periodicity of the endogenous CRF stimulus.
Association of Polymorphisms in the CRP Gene With Circulating C-Reactive Protein Levels and Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Leslie A. Lange, Christopher S. Carlson, Lucia A. Hindorff, Ethan M. Lange, Jeremy Walston, J. Peter Durda, Mary Cushman, Joshua C. Bis, Donglin Zeng, Danyu Lin, Lewis H. Kuller, Deborah A. Nickerson, Bruce M. Psaty, Russell P. Tracy, Alexander P. Reiner
Journal: JAMA (2006)

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammation protein that may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Summit signals a change in the law on organ retention
Authors: K. Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A change in the law and an amnesty on the return of retained organs are the likely outcomes of an all day summit convened in London last week by England's chief medical officer, Professor Liam Donaldson.

“No one denies the benefits to patients that can flow from research and teaching on human tissue,” he told the summit. “But something went seriously wrong in the way that the health service dealt with these issues.

“Despite the grey areas in the law governing organ retention, some of these past practices are an affront to families who have lost loved ones. They belong to an era where decisions were made for patients, not with them.

We must ensure that clinical care for future patients is improved through good postmortem practice. But what is important is that the rights of individuals are respected and that consent is properly obtained. We need to put in place a robust modern system to do this.”

The summit heard evidence from families of children whose organs …
Depression of salivary epidermal growth factor by smoking.
Authors: P. D. Jones, N. Hudson, C. J. Hawkey
Journal: BMJ (1992)

reduction in the forced expiratory volume in one second after exercise was calculated using the pre- exercise value as the baseline value.Statistical significance was calculated with Student's paired t test.The study was approved by the research ethical committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast.The table shows the percentage reduction in forced expiratory volume in one second with and without using the mask.Only one patient (case 6) showed no improvement with the mask.The mean reduction in the group was 33-7% (SE 3 2%) without the mask and 9-1% (6 1%) with it (p<0 01).Most patients felt heat on their face but none complained of difficulty in breathing through the mask.
604 PRECORE/CORE PROMOTER MUTATIONS BY ULTRA-DEEP PYROSEQUENCING IN GENOTYPE D CHRONIC HEPATITIS B NAIVE PATIENTS
Authors: F. Akyuz, S. Ciftci, F. Keskin, B. Pinarbasi, A. Cakiris, N. Abacı, S. Badur, D. Ustek, S. Kaymakoglu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Bioenergetic Pattern of Isolated Type II Pneumocytes in Air and during Hypoxia
Authors: L. M. Simon, E. D. Robin, T. Raffin, J. Theodore, W. H. J. Douglas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The bioenergetic pattern of a cell clone derived from rat lung with ultrastructural and biochemical characteristics like those of type II pneumocytes (T-II-P), has been studied in a tissue culture system. During air cultivation, these cells have a high rate of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis associated with high activities of two rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis (pyruvate kinase [PyKi] and phosphofructokinase [PFK]). This is present despite the rates of oxygen consumption and activities of cytochrome oxidase (CyOx) similar to other lung cells. Presumably the high rate of aerobic glycolysis explains the substantial lactate production previously described in lung slices and in the intact perfused lung.
Ventricular-Assist Pumping
Authors: Peter L. Frommer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

The goal of research on ventricular-assist pumping is the development of mechanical systems to replace the pumping action of the fatally dysfunctioning heart, which is unresponsive to medical or other surgical therapy. Some forms of such cardiac dysfunction are clearly irreversible and would require a pumping system for the life of the patient; other forms have been postulated as temporary. One example is the occasional patient undergoing cardiac surgery with the aid of the heart-lung machine in whom cardiac repair is technically satisfactory but who cannot be brought off cardiopulmonary bypass despite all reasonable pharmacologic regimens, blood-volume adjustment, and counterpulsation . . .