tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness of prophylactic amiodarone therapy for the prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery varies by underlying risk and type of surgery: results for CABG, valve replacement, and combined CABG and valve replacement
Authors: Elizabeth M. Mahoney, Jovonne K. Williams, Emir Veledar, Trevor D. Thompson, William S. Weintraub
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Quantitative ultrasonic assessment of normal and ischaemic myocardium with an acoustic microscope: relationship to integrated backscatter
Authors: K. B Sagar, D. H Agemura, W. D O'Brien, L. R Pelc, T. L Rhyne, L S. Wann, R. A Komorowski, D. C Warltier
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Journal Article Quantitative ultrasonic assessment of normal and ischaemic myocardium with an acoustic microscope: relationship to integrated backscatter Get access Kiran B Sagar, Kiran B Sagar Correspondence to: Dr Sagar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Diane H Agemura, Diane H Agemura Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William D O'Brien, Jr, William D O'Brien, Jr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lorie R Pelc, Lorie R Pelc Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Theodore L Rhyne, Theodore L Rhyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L Samuel Wann, L Samuel Wann Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A Komorowski, Richard A Komorowski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David C Warltier David C Warltier Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 24, Issue 6, June 1990, Pages 447–455, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/24.6.447 Published: 01 June 1990 Article history Received: 28 July 1989 Accepted: 16 February 1990 Published: 01 June 1990
Clinical Profile and Influences on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Pericarditis
Authors: Ville Kytö, Jussi Sipilä, Päivi Rautava
Journal: Circulation (2014)

The clinical profile with regard to sex and the influences on outcomes in patients who have been hospitalized for acute pericarditis is largely uncharacterized.We studied all patients aged ≥16 years admitted to the hospital because of acute pericarditis (postpericardiotomy and myocardial infarction associated pericarditis were excluded). Data were collected from a Finnish national registry that included data on all cardiovascular admissions (670 409) during 9.5 years in 29 hospitals nationwide. During the study period, there were 1361 admissions for acute pericarditis. Pericarditis patients were more likely to be male (64.9% of patients) than female (35.1%), with an age-adjusted likelihood ratio of 1.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65-2.06; P<0.0001) for male sex. The standardized incidence rate of hospitalizations for acute pericarditis was 3.32 per 100 000 person-years. Men 16 to 65 years of age were at higher risk for pericarditis (relative risk, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.81-2.26; P<0.0001) than women in the general admitted population, with the highest risk difference among young adults. Acute pericarditis caused 0.20% (95% CI, 0.19%-0.22%) of all cardiovascular admissions. The proportion of pericarditis-caused admissions declined by an estimated 51% per 10-year increase in age. The in-hospital mortality rate for acute pericarditis was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.6%-1.8%). Mortality increased with age (hazard ratio, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.78-5.95 per 10-year increase in age; P=0.0001) and severe coinfection (pneumonia or septicemia; hazard ratio, 13.46; 95% CI, 2.26-80.01; P<0.005) but was not associated with sex in multivariate analysis.Patients hospitalized for acute pericarditis are more commonly male. Increasing age and severe coinfection are associated with greater in-hospital mortality in hospitalized acute pericarditis patients.
Cell-mediated immune responses in atopic dermatitis: the relevance of antigen-presenting cells
Authors: C. B. ZACHARY, L. W. POULTER, D. M. MACDONALD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Cell‐mediated immune responses in atopic dermatitis: the relevance of antigen‐presenting cells Get access C. B. ZACHARY, C. B. ZACHARY Department of Applied Dermatopathology, Guy's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. W. POULTER, L. W. POULTER Department of Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. M. MACDONALD D. M. MACDONALD Department of Applied Dermatopathology, Guy's Hospital, London Dr D. M. MacDonald, Department of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas Street, London SE1 9RT, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue s28, 1 July 1985, Pages 10–16, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb15621.x Published: 01 July 1985
Management of a Persistent Pancreatic Fistula Secondary to a Ruptured Pseudocyst with Endoscopic Insertion of an Expandable Metal Stent
Authors: E. Gane, S. Fata'ar, I. Hamilton
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

A case of pancreatic fistula successfully managed by the endoscopic insertion of an expanding-mesh metal stent into the pancreatic duct is reported. The patient had developed a fistula following rupture of a pancreatic pseudocyst, and attempted transpapillary drainage using plastic endoprostheses had failed due to prosthesis migration. Insertion of a Strecker metal stent was followed by rapid and sustained clinical improvement and cessation of fistula drainage.
Stealth advertising and academic stalking
Authors: D. Antonuccio, D. Healy
Journal: BMJ (2009)

In a rapid response Leo and Lacasse critiqued a study published in JAMA for not mentioning that a psychosocial intervention was as effective as an antidepressant for post-stroke depression and for failing to record relevant conflicts of interest.1 JAMA ’s editors have since contacted Leo and his superiors. …
Clinical and Electroencephalographic Assessment of Diazepam in Liver Disease
Authors: I. M. Murray-Lyon, J. Young, J. D. Parkes, R. P. Knill-Jones, R. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1971)

The effects of 5 mg of diazepam intravenously were assessed in 23 patients with liver disease, 10 of whom had clinical evidence either in the past or at the time of study of hepatic encephalopathy. Transient drowsiness occurred in all patients, but prolonged deterioration in conscious level was not observed. Serial electroencephalographic recordings showed the development of activity at faster frequencies, similar to that found in normal subjects, a change which is different from that usually observed in cirrhotic patients after administration of chlorpromazine and morphine when slow-wave activity is increased.
1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 stimulates membrane phosphoinositide turnover, activates protein kinase C, and increases cytosolic calcium in rat colonic epithelium.
Authors: R K Wali, C L Baum, M D Sitrin, T A Brasitus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

The hormonal form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], regulates colonic calcium absorption and colonocyte proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we have examined the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on membrane phosphoinositide turnover, protein kinase C activation, and regulation of intracellular calcium concentration [( Ca+2]i) in isolated rat colonic epithelium. In a concentration-dependent manner, 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulated breakdown of membrane phosphoinositides within 15 s, generating diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3). 1,25(OH)2D3 rapidly activated colonic protein kinase C, with maximal translocation of activity from the cytosol to the membrane occurring within 1 min of exposure to the secosteroid. Studies performed in isolated colonocytes with the fluorescent dye fura-2 demonstrated that 10(-8) M 1,25(OH)2D3 caused a rapid rise in [Ca+2]i which then transiently decreased before rising to a new plateau value. When these experiments were performed in a calcium-free buffer, an increase in [Ca+2]i was observed, but both the transient and secondary rise were diminished in magnitude, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D3 may stimulate both release of intracellular calcium stores and calcium influx. 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulated [3H]thymidine uptake in rat colonocytes, 4 h after an in vivo injection. These studies indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3 exerts a rapid influence on membrane phosphoinositide metabolism which may mediate certain of the secosteroid's effects on colonocyte calcium transport and proliferation.
Abstract 387: Prostate cancer cell invasion is stimulated by cross communication with human monocyte-lineage cells
Authors: Paul F. Lindholm, Neela Sivapurapu, Borko Jovanovic, Susan E. Crawford
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) produce factors that may stimulate tumor growth, angiogenesis and progression. In this study, co-cultures with monocyte-derived THP-1, U-937 cells or normal peripheral blood monocytes stimulated PC-3, DU145 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell basement membrane invasion. This study investigated the interactions between monocytes and prostate cancer cells leading to increased cancer cell invasion. The PC-3 prostate cancer cells expressed high levels of IL-6 and IL-8, at similar levels to co-cultures with human U-937 monocyte-derived cells. However, the co-culture supernatants showed increased MCP-1 levels, up to 5 ng/mL, compared with prostate cancer cells cultured alone with MCP-1 less than 10 pg/mL. During the co-cultures, MCP-1 was first detected at 8 hours and increased over 3 days. Co-culture of U-937 or THP-1 monocytes with either DU145 or LNCaP cells also increased MCP-1 expression significantly above cancer cell or monocyte cultures alone. When cultured separately, the monocyte-lineage cells produced more MCP-1 than the cancer cells; however, MCP-1 expression increased more than 10-fold in the co-cultured prostate cancer cells. Addition of purified MCP-1 and IL-8 stimulated prostate cancer cell invasion to levels similar to the co-cultures. Further, addition of anti-MCP-1 neutralizing antibodies inhibited prostate cancer cell invasion when compared with control antibodies. Co-culture with U-937 cells also stimulated NF-κB DNA binding activity in the prostate cancer cells. Transfection of the prostate cancer cells with dominant negative IκBα or treatment of the co-cultures with Bay11-7082 or Lacticystin inhibited NF-κB DNA binding and prostate cancer cell invasion. These experiments demonstrate that human monocyte-derived cells can cross-communicate with prostate cancer cells leading to increased cancer cell invasion. These studies have potential to identify treatments to target MCP-1 and NF-κB activity to inhibit monocyte-induced cancer cell invasion and progression. Support by Northwestern University Prostate S.P.O.R.E. P50CA90386 and CDMRP DAMD-17-02-1-0162 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 387. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-387
Apnea During Treatment With Sodium Colistimethate
Authors: Alfred F. Parisi
Journal: JAMA (1965)

RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS has been increasingly publicized as a side effect encountered in antibiotic therapy. Recently Perkins<sup>1</sup>incriminated sodium colistimethate, a congener of polymyxin B, as a cause of apnea in man. We have observed a patient who experienced respiratory arrest during colistimethate therapy and have obtained additional data pertinent to the interrelationship. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 66-year-old woman had intermittent, severe acute pyelonephritis for four years prior to November 1963, when she underwent right nephrectomy for multiple cortical abscesses. At that time chemical diabetes was discovered. In December 1963. she was readmitted with left pyelonephritis. On examination she was in a toxic condition and dehydrated. Temperature was 101.4 F (38.6 C), pulse rate 92, and blood pressure 120/80 mm Hg. Carotid pulses were normal. She had a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the left sternal border and a healed right flank incision. Neurological examination showed intact cranial
Decreased affinity and number of transferrin receptors on erythroblasts in the anemia of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: R. A. Feelders, G. Vreugdenhil, J. P. Van Dijk, A. J. G. Swaak, H. G. Van Eijk
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract In anemia of chronic disease (ACD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) a decreased iron uptake and transferrin binding by erythroblasts are postulated to play a pathophysiological role. To examine whether this is related to changes in transferrin receptor expression by erythroblasts, we studied bone marrow from 5 healthy controls, 5 nonanemic RA patients, and 9 RA patients with ACD. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of 125 I‐transferrin and specific binding data were analyzed by the method of Scatchard. The number of transferrin receptors on erythroblasts from RA patients with ACD was significantly lower as compared to nonanemic RA patients ( P &lt; .05) and controls ( P &lt; .02). The affinity of the transferrin receptor tended to be lower in ACD. These preliminary data may indicate that transferrin receptor expression by erythroblasts is impaired in ACD. Since the rate of erythroid iron uptake is mainly determined by the number of transferrin binding sites, this may explain a decrease in erythroblast iron availability in ACD in RA.
Effects of hypoxia on myocardial digoxin uptake and levels of plasma catecholamines in anaesthetised dogs
Authors: K. SAITO, T. KASHIMA, K. KIYONAGA, H. TANAKA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1981)

The effect of hypoxia on digoxin pharmacokinetics, myocardial digoxin uptake and levels of plasma catecholamines in dogs was studied to clarify the mechanism of enhanced sensitivity to digitalis in hypoxia. Sixteen mongrel dogs were anaesthetised and artificially respired; eight with room air, eight with 8% oxygen in nitrogen, and digoxin (0.05 mg·kg−1) was intravenously given to each dog. There was no difference between hypoxic and non-hypoxic dogs in pharmacokinetic curves of digoxin. The level of myocardial digoxin in hypoxic dogs was significantly lower than that in non-hypoxic dogs. The level of plasma adrenaline in hypoxic dogs was significantly higher than that in non-hypoxic dogs (P < 0.01). These data suggest that enhanced sensitivity to digoxin in hypoxia may be attributable not to abnormal digoxin pharmacokinetics or increased myocardial digoxin uptake but partly to higher levels of plasma catecholamines.
RAI2: Linking Retinoic Acid Signaling with Metastasis Suppression
Authors: Mark Esposito, Yibin Kang
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2015)

Abstract Summary: Considerable evidence points to the importance of disseminated tumor cells, which are commonly detected in the bone marrow and display features of cellular plasticity, in predicting the clinical outcome of breast cancer. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Werner and colleagues report on the discovery of retinoic acid–induced 2 (RAI2) as a differentiation factor that suppresses early metastatic spread of estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. Cancer Discov; 5(5); 466–8. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Werner et al., p. 506
US Senate confirms Margaret Hamburg as new head of FDA
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The US Senate has unanimously confirmed Margaret Hamburg this week as commissioner of the US Food and Drug Administration.

Dr Hamburg’s new boss, Kathleen Sebelius, secretary of health and human services, called her “an inspiring public health leader with broad experience in infectious disease, bioterrorism, and health policy” while also praising Joshua Sharfstein, who has served as acting commissioner and who will be Dr Hamburg’s deputy.

During the Bush administration, the Food and Drug Administration was criticised for being too cosy with the drug industry for its handling of outbreaks of food …
Return to work after myocardial infarction.
Authors: E. A. Wincott
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Two School Epidemics-McEvedy et al.BRITISHas increasing absenteeism (less than 10 % of cases reported sick during school hours); it showed, over a week, a progression from younger to older pupils ; and it was quickly and decisively diagnosed.How far these "symptom clusters" may be taken as of general application to the functional/organic distinction in school epidemiology only time and more evidence can decide.A simple deciding test is probably not yet within our reach.The N factor of the Eysenck Personality Inventory seems to discriminate between affected and non-affected populations in functional epidemics, but the E effect appears to be either unreliable or obtainable only under ideal conditions.And in the absence of control studies the usefulness of the N effect is debatable, for high N personalities may well have a low threshold for reporting organic illness.A diagnostic category that is reached only by exclusion will collect all the errors made at earlier stages in the diagnostic process-and fall into disrepute.If diagnoses of epidemic hysteria are to inspire any confidence they must be made on positive grounds.Nevertheless, it does seem possible to collect positive data not only in the specially favourable case of mass admission to hospital but in the ordinary clinically undocu- rmented instance. SummaryTwo school epidemics are contrasted: one at Portsmouth, probably functional, and one at Wrexham, due to Shigella sonnei.The Portsmouth epidemic satisfied criteria suggested pre- viously for functional outbreaks.It occurred in a girls' school, and manifested almost exclusively in school hours.Its incidence showed a swing from older to younger classes with time on the day of maximum involvement; it correlated with conduct disorders.The Wrexham epidemic, studied as a certainly organic control, did not satisfy these criteria.The N scores, but not the E scores, of the Eysenck Personality Inventory, differentiated between affected.and unaffected populations in the Portsmouth epidemic.We would like to thank the headmistresses of the schools involved for their co-operation, particularly Miss P. King, who uncomplainingly went to great trouble to meet a long list of requests.The psychological side of these investigations was financed by a grant from the Clinical Research Committee of the Middlesex Hospital.We would like to thank Professor A. Kekwick and the Committee for their support and also Dr. A. W.
Clinical manifestations of classical, endemic African, and epidemic AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma
Authors: Alvin E. Friedman-Kien, Brian R. Saltzman
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)

Kaposi's sarcoma, first described in 1972, is a rare, chronic neoplasm that occurs most often in elderly men of Eastern European origin. In the mid-twentieth century, more aggressive forms of Kaposi's sarcoma were found to be an endemic disease especially common among young black men in central Africa. Kaposi's sarcoma also occurs in iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients, such as kidney transplant recipients. In 1981, the sudden occurrence of an unusual, disseminated form of Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men in New York and California heralded the epidemic now known as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Ninety-five percent of all AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS-KS) has been in homosexual men; however, the incidence of AIDS-KS has diminished from greater than 40% of men with AIDS since 1981 to less than 20% in 1989. The remaining 5% of AIDS-KS has been seen in all other populations at risk for AIDS. The reasons for the remarkable persistent increased prevalence of AIDS-KS among homosexual men remains obscure. Clinically, AIDS-KS is a highly varied neoplastic disease characterized by multifocal mucocutaneous lesions often with lymphatic and visceral involvement. The etiology of Kaposi's sarcoma remains unknown although various hypotheses have been suggested, including endothelial-tumor growth factors, oncogenic expression, genetic predisposition, and environmental cofactors. An as-yet unidentified viruslike agent has been proposed as a possible direct cause of this neoplasm. Different treatment modalities for Kaposi's sarcoma have been employed with varying success, these include localized radiation therapy, cryotherapy, electrocauterization, surgical excision, and a variety of systemic chemotherapeutic regimens, as well as alpha-interferon. Although all available treatments help control the lesions, none lengthens survival.
The Risk of Upstaged Disease Increases with Body Mass Index in Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients Eligible for Active Surveillance
Authors: Guillaume Ploussard, Alexandre de la Taille, Younes Bayoud, Xavier Durand, Stéphane Terry, Evanguelos Xylinas, Yves Allory, Francis Vacherot, Claude-Clément Abbou, Laurent Salomon
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Drug Testing of Athletes: Test the Team's Pooled Urine-Reply
Authors: Virginia S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply. —  The suggestion by Dr Dixon is one of the more novel for handling drug testing, but it does have the merit of placing the responsibility for drugfree sports on the teams. Teams will make serious efforts to stop drug use when they believe it is in their best interest to do so. With the emphasis always on winning, and the financial rewards so great, it is not hard to see why many teams believe that using performance-enhancing drugs is in their best interest. The restoration of a sense of ethics would go a long way toward more truly sportsmanlike behavior in both individual and team sports.
Patients' interests or resource allocation?
Authors: D J Hunter, M McKee
Journal: BMJ (1993)

antibodies and in vitro indices of inherent toxicity of sera in patients with Guillain-Barr& syndrome.6We see no scientific justification for the statement about the immunogenicity of gangliosides, nor do we find any direct evidence to support the conten- tion that naturally occurring antibodies to mono- sialoganglioside are pathogenic.Thus, we feel that the recommendation to suspend human trials is erroneous, unjustified, and devoid of scientific merit.
Moving house unlikely to pose substantial risk of childhood asthma
Authors: D. P Strachan, B. K Butland, I. M Carey, H R. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—C H Hughes and J H Baumer report a remarkably strong association between childhood asthma and number of household moves in their general practice population and suggest that this relation needs to be studied elsewhere.1 Although their paper focuses on the number of moves before the onset of the disease, the proportion of children being treated for asthma who had moved house at any age differed substantially from the corresponding proportion of controls (86% v 36%, odds ratio=11.1 by unmatched analysis). We have analysed in a similar manner the relation …