tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phosphoprotein Pathway Mapping: Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Activation Is Negatively Associated with Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma Survival
Authors: Emanuel F. Petricoin, Virginia Espina, Robyn P. Araujo, Brieanne Midura, Choh Yeung, Xiaolin Wan, Gabriel S. Eichler, Donald J. Johann, Stephen Qualman, Maria Tsokos, Kartik Krishnan, Lee J. Helman, Lance A. Liotta
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Mapping of protein signaling networks within tumors can identify new targets for therapy and provide a means to stratify patients for individualized therapy. Despite advances in combination chemotherapy, the overall survival for childhood rhabdomyosarcoma remains ∼60%. A critical goal is to identify functionally important protein signaling defects associated with treatment failure for the 40% nonresponder cohort. Here, we show, by phosphoproteomic network analysis of microdissected tumor cells, that interlinked components of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway exhibited increased levels of phosphorylation for tumors of patients with short-term survival. Specimens (n = 59) were obtained from the Children's Oncology Group Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) IV, D9502 and D9803, with 12-year follow-up. High phosphorylation levels were associated with poor overall and poor disease-free survival: Akt Ser473 (overall survival P &amp;lt; 0.001, recurrence-free survival P &amp;lt; 0.0009), 4EBP1 Thr37/46 (overall survival P &amp;lt; 0.0110, recurrence-free survival P &amp;lt; 0.0106), eIF4G Ser1108 (overall survival P &amp;lt; 0.0017, recurrence-free survival P &amp;lt; 0.0072), and p70S6 Thr389 (overall survival P &amp;lt; 0.0085, recurrence-free survival P &amp;lt; 0.0296). Moreover, the findings support an altered interrelationship between the insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) and Akt/mTOR pathway proteins (P &amp;lt; 0.0027) for tumors from patients with poor survival. The functional significance of this pathway was tested using CCI-779 in a mouse xenograft model. CCI-779 suppressed phosphorylation of mTOR downstream proteins and greatly reduced the growth of two different rhabdomyosarcoma (RD embryonal P = 0.00008; Rh30 alveolar P = 0.0002) cell lines compared with controls. These results suggest that phosphoprotein mapping of the Akt/mTOR pathway should be studied further as a means to select patients to receive mTOR/IRS pathway inhibitors before administration of chemotherapy. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):3431–40]
Glomerular Sclerosis and IgG Deposits
Authors: JOSEPH J. SANNELLA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 November 1974Glomerular Sclerosis and IgG DepositsJOSEPH J. SANNELLA, M.D.JOSEPH J. SANNELLA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-5-712_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Matalon and co-workers in the April 1974 issue of theAnnalsentitled, "Glomerular Sclerosis in Adults with Nephrotic Syndrome" presents findings not generally reported in such cases. The authors describe continuous linear deposits of IgG at the glomerular basement membrane in all patients. In the discussion section they raise the possibility that the deposits might represent physical entrapment of IgG but promptly dismiss the idea. I would be more willing to dismiss the entrapment theory if antialbumin conjugates had failed to bind to the glomerular basement membrane. Without this latter control, the failure to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Clinical Pathology Department of Pathology College of Medicine University of Utah Medical Center Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1974Volume 81, Issue 5Page: 712-712KeywordsBasement membrane Issue Published: 1 November 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Evaluation of the Pulse-Contour Method of Determining Stroke Volume in Man
Authors: EDWIN L. ALDERMAN, ANGELO BRANZI, WILLIAM SANDERS, BYRON W. BROWN, DONALD C. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1972)

The pulse-contour method for determining stroke volume has been employed as a continuous rapid method of monitoring the cardiovascular status of patients. Twenty-one patients with ischemic heart disease and 21 patients with mitral valve disease were subjected to a variety of hemodynamic interventions. These included exercise, isoproterenol infusion, and practolol, morphine or pentazocine administration. The pulse-contour estimations, using three different formulae derived by Warner, Kouchoukos, and Herd, were compared with indicator-dilution outputs. The pressure-pulse-contour computations were performed by a small on-line cardiac catheterization laboratory computer. A comparison of the results of the two methods for determining stroke volume yielded correlation coefficients ranging from 0.59 to 0.84. The better performing Warner formula yielded a coefficient of variation of about 20%. The type of hemodynamic interventions employed did not significantly affect the results using the pulse-contour method. This method yielded nearly as reliable results with the catheter positioned in the axillary artery as in the central aorta. Good results were obtained using the pulse-contour method in patients with atrial fibrillation as compared to those with sinus rhythm. Although the correlation of the pulse-contour and indicator-dilution stroke volumes is high, the coefficient of variation is such that small changes in stroke volume cannot be accurately assessed by the pulse-contour method. However, the simplicity and rapidity of this method compared to determination of cardiac output by Fick or indicator-dilution methods makes it a potentially useful adjunct for monitoring critically ill patients.
Influence of preceding length of anticoagulant treatment and initial presentation of venous thromboembolism on risk of recurrence after stopping treatment: analysis of individual participants' data from seven trials
Authors: F. Boutitie, L. Pinede, S. Schulman, G. Agnelli, G. Raskob, J. Julian, J. Hirsh, C. Kearon
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To determine how length of anticoagulation and clinical presentation of venous thromboembolism influence the risk of recurrence after anticoagulant treatment is stopped and to identify the shortest length of anticoagulation that reduces the risk of recurrence to its lowest level. <b>Design</b> Pooled analysis of individual participants’ data from seven randomised trials. <b>Setting</b> Outpatient anticoagulant clinics in academic centres. <b>Population</b> 2925 men or women with a first venous thromboembolism who did not have cancer and received different durations of anticoagulant treatment. <b>Main outcome measure</b> First recurrent venous thromboembolism after stopping anticoagulant treatment during up to 24 months of follow-up. <b>Results</b> Recurrence was lower after isolated distal deep vein thrombosis than after proximal deep vein thrombosis (hazard ratio 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.34 to 0.71), similar after pulmonary embolism and proximal deep vein thrombosis (1.19, 0.87 to 1.63), and lower after thrombosis provoked by a temporary risk factor than after unprovoked thrombosis (0.55, 0.41 to 0.74). Recurrence was higher if anticoagulation was stopped at 1.0 or 1.5 months compared with at 3 months or later (hazard ratio 1.52, 1.14 to 2.02) and similar if treatment was stopped at 3 months compared with at 6 months or later (1.19, 0.86 to 1.65). High rates of recurrence associated with shorter durations of anticoagulation were confined to the first 6 months after stopping treatment. <b>Conclusion</b> Three months of treatment achieves a similar risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism after stopping anticoagulation to a longer course of treatment. Unprovoked proximal deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism have a high risk of recurrence whenever treatment is stopped.
Letter on the Benevolent Fund
Authors: W. Newnham
Journal: BMJ (1843)

almost all the cases occurring among the first or highest class, such evidence could not possibly be obtained, as a female may enter, accomplish her delivery, and depart from the hospital without her name being known, or even her face seen by the physician or any of the attendants !The entrance into these paying wards is not the same as that leading into the general hospital, but by a private way, ending in a small cul-de-sac, that runs between the ancient Spanish cloister and an adjoining barrack ; and as it is for-
Employment of the Handicapped
Authors: Henry F. Howe
Journal: JAMA (1964)

TO FURTHER IMPLEMENT the efforts of the American Medical Association,<sup>*</sup>and other groups, in disseminating knowledge to employers and to the general public concerning this problem, the Council presents the following material. Employers have not, as yet, fully recognized the presence of a large reservoir of unused manpower, which has a very valuable contribution to make. Comprehensive and documented studies (see reference list) of the performance of the handicapped have repeatedly shown excellent job performance, as well as less absenteeism and better safety records than in comparable groups of able-bodied workers. In most circumstances, such employment does not lead to increased workmen's compensation costs. Factual material can do much to correct the many misconceptions and rumors surrounding this entire subject. There is, therefore, a continuing need to disseminate these facts as widely as possible. The principle of evaluating<i>ability</i>, rather than disability, of a potential employee deserves continued emphasis. The phrase "an equal opportunity
The ethics of international biomedical research
Authors: M A Lansang
Journal: BMJ (2000)

This paper discusses the issues concerning ethics and equity in international biomedical research.  The importance of these issues for the international research community is reflected in the discussion of ethical guidelines by several medical associations. These discussions bring out the concerns of the international community of researchers ethics committee members sponsors and others regarding research in developing countries.  On the other hand the importance of these issues to society as a whole is further reflected by the recent public inquiries into the ethics of biomedical research in developing countries by the Nuffield Council on Bioethics in the UK and the National Bioethics Advisory Commission in the US.  Given the enormous disparity between parties involved in international research fairness and demanding a strong commitment to the highest values should be fostered; thus contributing to the power of health research to more fully address the urgencies of disease and the iniquities of health care.  Moreover more effort needs to be made to provide an opportunity for all to participate in the discussions on ethical issues particularly the patients and communities of developing countries.
Rare hyper-, hypothyroid states require unconventional therapies
Authors: Terra Ziporyn
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Once upon a time there were hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Therapy for the first aimed at diminishing excess hormone production, while therapy for the second aimed at replacing it. But now research from a variety of laboratories suggests that in certain conditions these therapeutic approaches, however logical on the surface, may be unnecessary and even dangerous. Some of these relatively rare conditions were discussed at the Seventh International Congress of Endocrinology in Quebec City and at the annual meeting of the American Thyroid Association in New York City. The recurrent message was: Hyperthyroidism is not always hyperthyroidism. And the same holds true for hypothyroidism. For example, at the endocrinology meeting, held last summer, Thomas F. Nikolai, MD, discussed a condition noticed at the Marshfield (Wis) Clinic and regarded as a clinically new form of hyperthyroidism not recognized before 1970. Called "silent thyroiditis" (or lymphocytic thyroiditis with spontaneously resolving hyperthyroidism), this disease
A memorable patient: An air male delivery
Authors: A. Benc
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A few days earlier I had arrived to take up my post in an outpatient clinic in a remote part of Gabon, Africa. I was finding the handover period quite stressful. The “good spoken French” that I had described in my curriculum vitae proved not to be quite so good when faced with 40 to 60 Gabonese patients each morning. The French drug names and prescribing habits were a complete mystery to me. I was beginning to wonder if this really was the job I wanted.

One morning a woman arrived in established labour. I couldn't work out what was presenting vaginally, but my colleague immediately diagnosed a transverse lie and ordered an urgent helicopter evacuation to hospital for …
Seroimmunologic Classification of Chronic Hepatitis in 57 Children
Authors: Michel Odièvre, Giuseppe Maggiore, Jean-Claude Homberg, Fabrice Saadoun, Anne-Marié Courouce, Jeannine Yvart, Michelle Hadchouel, Daniel Alagille
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

A seroimmunologic evaluation of 57 children with chronic hepatitis is presented. Twenty-one patients had chronic persistent hepatitis and 36 had chronic active hepatitis. Serum samples obtained before treatment were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, smooth muscle antibody, and antibody to endoplasmic reticulum. A persistently positive HBsAg was observed in the serum of 18 of the 21 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis. The chronic active hepatitis group was divided into three subgroups according to the presence of hepatitis B-virus markers (7 patients), smooth muscle antibody (10 patients), and endoplasmic reticulum antibody (9 patients). Determination of these markers could be useful for classifying children with chronic hepatitis.
Altered Mitochondrial Dynamics Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sherene M. Shenouda, Michael E. Widlansky, Kai Chen, Guoquan Xu, Monika Holbrook, Corey E. Tabit, Naomi M. Hamburg, Alissa A. Frame, Tara L. Caiano, Matthew A. Kluge, Mai-Ann Duess, Aaron Levit, Brian Kim, Mor-Li Hartman, Lija Joseph, Orian S. Shirihai, Joseph A. Vita
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Endothelial dysfunction contributes to the development of atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus, but the mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction in this setting are incompletely understood. Recent studies have shown altered mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes mellitus with increased mitochondrial fission and production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the contribution of altered dynamics to endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.We observed mitochondrial fragmentation (P=0.002) and increased expression of fission-1 protein (Fis1; P<0.0001) in venous endothelial cells freshly isolated from patients with diabetes mellitus (n=10) compared with healthy control subjects (n=9). In cultured human aortic endothelial cells exposed to 30 mmol/L glucose, we observed a similar loss of mitochondrial networks and increased expression of Fis1 and dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1), proteins required for mitochondrial fission. Altered mitochondrial dynamics was associated with increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and a marked impairment of agonist-stimulated activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and cGMP production. Silencing Fis1 or Drp1 expression with siRNA blunted high glucose-induced alterations in mitochondrial networks, reactive oxygen species production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation, and cGMP production. An intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenger provided no additional benefit, suggesting that increased mitochondrial fission may impair endothelial function via increased reactive oxygen species.These findings implicate increased mitochondrial fission as a contributing mechanism for endothelial dysfunction in diabetic states.
Increased plasma levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-activated factor X complex in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Yoshinaga Okugawa, Hideo Wada, Tomohiro Noda, Miho Sakakura, Takahiro Nakasaki, Rika Watanabe, Hiroshi Deguchi, Esteban C. Gabazza, Yoshitaka Mori, Masakatsu Nishikawa, Katsumi Deguchi, Tsutomu Nobori, Hiroshi Shiku
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Plasma levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)–activated factor Xa (FXa) complex were measured in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), pre-DIC, and DIC. Plasma levels of plasmin–plasmin inhibitor complex (PPIC), D-dimer, and soluble fibrin monomer (SFM) were significantly higher in patients with DIC than in those with pre-DIC or non-DIC; the levels of these hemostatic markers were significantly higher in patients with pre-DIC than in those with non-DIC. Plasma levels of thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) were significantly higher in patients with DIC or pre-DIC than in those with non-DIC. Plasma levels of tissue factor (TF), total TFPI, free TFPI, and TFPI–Xa complex were significantly higher in patients with DIC than in those with non-DIC. Plasma levels of TFPI–Xa complex were significantly increased in patients with pre-DIC as compared to those with non-DIC; however, plasma free TFPI levels were significantly decreased in patients with pre-DIC as compared to those with non-DIC. These findings suggest that free TFPI might be consumed in the pre-DIC state, thereby confirming the activation of the extrinsic pathway. Plasma levels of TFPI–Xa complex were significantly correlated with TF, free TFPI, and total TFPI. Increased plasma TFPI–Xa complex levels might be useful for the diagnosis of DIC or pre-DIC, particularly that occurring by activation of the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Am. J. Hematol. 65:210–214, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue remodelling during the anagen-catagen transition of the human hair follicle
Authors: S. COMMO, B.A. BERNARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The transition from the growth phase (anagen) to the involution phase (catagen) involves profound morphological changes in the human hair follicle. Club hair and epithelial column formation, for example, are key features of the catagen phase, which result in the disruption of physical interaction between the bulb and the dermal papilla. However, the dynamics and tissue remodelling that occur during this involution process remain largely unknown. Using monoclonal antibodies directed against K14 keratin, trichohyalin, transglutaminase I, desmoglein and Ki67 antigen, we followed the movements of each of the main hair follicle compartments during the onset of catagen. Our results indicate that the inner root sheath is an early target in this process, suggesting a key role for this compartment in the maintenance of hair follicle homeostasis.
INFECTION IMAGING BY USING LIPOSOMES LABELED WITH TWO RADIONUCLIDES-Tc-99m and In-111 (DUAL RADIOLABELED LIPOSOMES).
Authors: W. T. Phillips, V. D. Awasthi, B. Goins, R. Klipper, R. Blumhardt
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Phillips, W. T.; Awasthi, V. D.; Goins, B.; Klipper, R.; Blumhardt, R. Author Information
Dendritic cells modulated by cytokine-expressing adenoviruses alleviate eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness in an animal model of asthma
Authors: Yi-Ling Ye, Yueh-Lun Lee, Zen-Jai Chuang, Huai-Jean Lai, Chun-Chi Chen, Mi-Hua Tao, Bor-Luen Chiang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Four million lives could be saved over next four years if more was done to tackle tuberculosis, partnership says
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A new global action plan to combat tuberculosis says that prevention and treatment interventions must be rapidly scaled up.

Margaret Chan, director general of the World Health Organization, said at the plan’s launch on Friday 15 October that “10 million people, including four million women and children, will lose their lives unnecessarily between now and 2015 if we fail.”

The plan has been drawn up by the Stop TB partnership, which is hosted by WHO and …
Distracted Driving and Motor Vehicle Crashes Among Teens
Authors: Megan A. Moreno
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Motor vehicle crashes are one of the most common causes of death for adolescents in the United States. Adolescents are 4 times more likely to be involved in a motor vehicle crash compared with drivers older than 20 years. A major risk factor for motor vehicle crashes is distracted driving.
Species identification and strain differentiation of dermatophyte fungi using polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction enzyme analysis
Authors: Jang-Hyun Shin, Jung-Hyun Sung, Sang-Jin Park, Jeong Aee Kim, Joo-Heung Lee, Dong-Youn Lee, Eil-Soo Lee, Jun-Mo Yang
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2003)
FDG PET/CT Findings of Splenic Angiosarcoma
Authors: Takashi Abe, Motohiro Sato, Toshiyuki Okumura, Yasukazu Shioyama, Yasuaki Mochizuki, Hiroharu Yamashita, Hitoaki Saito, Fuyo Yoshimi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A case of splenic angiosarcoma is described with FDG PET findings. The patient was 53-year-old male had epigastric pain and weight loss. FDG PET/CT revealed a solitary splenic tumor of 140 mm invading the liver and left diaphragm. FDG accumulated in the periphery of the tumor. Five months after operation, recurrence was found in the surgical bed as an FDG-avid tumor. FDG PET is thought to be useful in detecting primary splenic angiosarcoma and recurrence.
Synchronous Myocardial and Diaphragmatic Contractions In a Dog
Authors: Stephen Ettinger
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Persistent vomiting in a dog evoked an unusual syndrome consisting of simultaneous contraction of the heart and left hemidiaphragm. The condition, positively diagnosed by cinefluorography, was successfully treated with an intravenous infusion of phenobarbital. The etiology and signs of synchronous contractions of the heart and diaphragm are similar in both man<sup>1</sup>and dog.<sup>2,3</sup>Intravenous administration of Ringer's solution has been reported to be effective in treating this condition in the dog.<sup>2</sup>In man the administration of calcium salts,<sup>4</sup>phrenic nerve blockade,<sup>5</sup>and quinidine therapy<sup>6</sup>have occasionally been associated with successful relief of the condition. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> Following ingestion of an unknown toxic substance, an adult dog vomited persistently for 24 hours, after which forceful, rhythmic abdominal contractions were observed. The electrocardiogram was normal. Fluoroscopic image intensification and cinefluorograms demonstrated the synchronous contraction of the heart and left hemidiaphragm. Since intravenous