tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insurance Expansion and Health Literacy
Authors: Laurie T. Martin, Ruth M. Parker
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Better TB Treatment
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cholestasis and liver failure with lambda-AL amyloidosis.
Authors: F Konikoff, C Mor, S Stern, M Shaklai, J Halevy, E Theodor
Journal: Gut (1987)

Clinically significant liver involvement in systemic amyloidosis, especially with cholestasis, is rare. We report a case of primary amyloidosis with severe intrahepatic cholestasis leading to terminal liver failure. The present case is the first of its kind reported involving Lambda light chains only as the associated paraprotein. Conventional treatment and a therapeutic trial with dimethyl sulphoxide were unsuccessful.
1003-90 Successful embolization protection using guardWire system for acute myocardial infarction: Multicenter registry in Japan
Authors: Sunao Nakamura, Mizuki Hirose, Takanori Miyauchi, Akihiko Kanazawa, Koji Hozawa, Hitoshi Nakamura, Kazutoshi Yamamoto, Osamu Hirashima, Nobuyuki Makishima, Noriki Kutsukata, Shotaro Nakamura, Jun Koyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Desloratadine relieves nasal congestion and improves quality‐of‐life in persistent allergic rhinitis
Authors: K. Holmberg, A.‐B. Tonnel, I. Dreyfus, P. Olsson, J. Cougnard, K. Mesbah, P. Devillier
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), particularly nasal congestion, can impair quality-of-life (QoL). However, only a modest correlation exists between these symptoms and Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) scores, suggesting that both be evaluated for a complete assessment of health.Subjects with a > or =2-year history of moderate-to-severe AR to dust mite or cat dander were randomized to desloratadine 5 mg/day (n = 293) or placebo/day (n = 291) for 28 days. Primary endpoint was change from baseline in a.m./p.m. nasal congestion score. Secondary outcomes included change from baseline in total nasal symptom score, individual symptom scores and RQLQ scores (completed on days 1, 7, and 28).The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma criteria for persistent allergic rhinitis (PER) were fulfilled by 99% of subjects in the placebo arm. Between-treatment difference in a.m./p.m. nasal congestion score, observed from day 8 onward, significantly favored desloratadine (P = 0.0003). Desloratadine significantly improved a.m./p.m. nasal congestion and RQLQ scores after 1 week and at treatment end (P < 0.05). Improvements in 5 of 7 RQLQ domain scores exceeded the minimal important difference. On days 7 and 28, desloratadine was also significantly superior to placebo in mean change from baseline in a.m./p.m. total nasal symptom score and rhinorrhea score (both P < or = 0.01). Symptomatic benefit was primarily driven by improvement in nasal congestion and rhinorrhea.Desloratadine 5 mg/day significantly improved symptoms associated with PER, including nasal congestion, and provided significant improvement in QoL after 1 week of treatment.
In Contrast to AAV-Mediated Cntf Expression, AAV-Mediated Gdnf Expression Enhances Gene Replacement Therapy in Rodent Models of Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Prateek K. Buch, Robert E. MacLaren, Yanaí Durán, Kamaljit S. Balaggan, Angus MacNeil, Frank C. Schlichtenbrede, Alexander J. Smith, Robin R. Ali
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

While AAV- and lentivirus-mediated gene replacement therapy can produce structural and functional improvements in various animal models of inherited retinal degeneration, this approach often has very limited effects on the rate of photoreceptor cell loss. Neurotrophic factors such as ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) have been shown to prolong photoreceptor survival in rodent models of retinal degeneration, but AAV-mediated Cntf expression also results in suppression of electrophysiological responses from the retina. In this study using mice, we show that while the deleterious effects mediated by CNTF are dose-dependent, administering a dose of CNTF that does not adversely affect retinal function precludes its ability to delay photoreceptor cell death. In evaluating GDNF as a neuroprotective agent, we show that AAV-mediated Gdnf expression does not produce adverse effects similar to those of CNTF. In addition, we demonstrate the ability of AAV-mediated delivery of Gdnf to slow cell death in two rodent models of retinitis pigmentosa and to enhance retinal function in combination with the relevant gene replacement therapy. These data show for the first time that a combination of these approaches can provide enhanced rescue over gene replacement or growth factor therapy alone.
Novel splicing, missense, and deletion mutations in seven adenosine deaminase-deficient patients with late/delayed onset of combined immunodeficiency disease. Contribution of genotype to phenotype.
Authors: I Santisteban, F X Arredondo-Vega, S Kelly, A Mary, A Fischer, D S Hummell, A Lawton, R U Sorensen, E R Stiehm, L Uribe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

We examined the genetic basis for adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency in seven patients with late/delayed onset of immunodeficiency, an underdiagnosed and relatively unstudied condition. Deoxyadenosine-mediated metabolic abnormalities were less severe than in the usual, early-onset disorder. Six patients were compound heterozygotes; 7 of 10 mutations found were novel, including one deletion (delta 1019-1020), three missense (Arg156 > His, Arg101 > Leu, Val177 > Met), and three splicing defects (IVS 5, 5'ss T+6 > A; IVS 10, 5'ss G+1 > A; IVS 10, 3'ss G-34 > A). Four of the mutations generated stop signals at codons 131, 321, 334, and 348; transcripts of all but the last, due to delta 1019-1020, were severely reduced. delta 1019-1020 (like delta 955-959, found in one patient and apparently recurrent) is at a short deletional hot spot. Arg156 > His, the product of which had detectable activity, was found in three patients whose second alleles were unlikely to yield active ADA. The oldest patient diagnosed was homozygous for a single base change in intron 10, which activates a cryptic splice acceptor, resulting in a protein with 100 extra amino acids. We speculate that this "macro ADA," as well as the Arg156 > His, Arg101 > Leu, Ser291 > Leu, and delta 1019-1020 products, may contribute to mild phenotype. Tissue-specific variation in splicing efficiency may also ameliorate disease severity in patients with splicing mutations.
CICATRIZATION OF WOUNDS
Authors: Alexis Carrel, Alice Hartmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

1. A method for measuring the area of a wound not geometric in form is described. 2. The rate of cicatrization of a wound is greater at the beginning than at the end of the period of repair. It depends on the area rather than on the age of the wound. There is a constant relation between the size of a wound and the rate of cicatrization. The larger the wound the greater is the rate of cicatrization. Two wounds of different size have a tendency to become equal. 3. The rate is proportional to the area, but diminishes less rapidly than the area. 4. The process of contraction is the more important factor in the repair of a wound. Epidermization completes the work of contraction. After the wound is healed, the cicatrix as a rule expands. 5. The curve representing the diminution of the size of an aseptic wound while it cicatrizes is regular and geometric.
Named consultant for hospital patients will end culture of "brief encounters," says England's health secretary
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Hospital patients should each have a “whole stay doctor” assigned to them who would be accountable for their care throughout their stay and who made sure that they were handed over to a named GP after discharge, England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, has said.

In a speech at St Thomas’ Hospital in London on 23 January, Hunt said that the NHS needed new models of care to tackle the “fragmentation of care experienced by patients in hospitals.” More generalist doctors needed to be trained in the place of specialists, he said.

Hunt said that his vision of whole stay doctors, named consultants, and named GPs “transcends the walls of a hospital—with names above beds inside hospitals as the starting point.”

New models of care were needed to reduce the number of …
PD4-1-4: A phase III randomized trial with or without Consolidation Chemotherapy using docetaxel and cisplatin after concurrent chemoradiation in Inoperable stage III Non-small cell lung cancer (CCheIN): Preliminary report for feasibility and safety
Authors: Keunchil Park, Young Chan Ahn, Jong Seok Lee, Se Hoon Park, Sung Rok Kim, Ju Hang Kim, Hoon-Kyo Kim, Young Joo Min, Chun-Ming Tsai, Chen Ming
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Treatment of "Refractory Obesity" with a Diet of Five Meals a Day
Authors: J. F. Munro, D. A. Seaton, L. J. P. Duncan
Journal: BMJ (1966)

present.Clinical and histological features in patients with or without atopy were compared, but no evidence was obtained that would shed light on this problem.Requests for advice on the probability of conceiving affected males may be made by female members of families with sex-linked ichthyosis.As the carrier state cannot be detected on clinical and histological grounds, and the gene is not closely linked with the Xg blood-group locus, genetical predictions can be based only on conventional Mendelian analysis. SummaryThree hundred and eighty-nine persons with ichthyosis ascertained in a population survey were examined.Through classifying patients by mode of inheritance the clinical and histological characteristics of common varieties of ichthyosis due to autosomal dominant or sex-linked genes were defined.Comparison of characteristics showed that separation of the two groups was possible.Apart from differences in distribu- tion of ichthyosis on the body surfaces, males with sex-linked ichthyosis were more extensively affected and scaling did not improve with advancing years.By contrast, autosomal domi- nant ichthyosis was a milder condition with less prominent scales, and was frequently associated with manifestations of atopy, keratosis pilaris, and chapping.The appearance of the latter variety corresponds to the previous descriptive terms ichthyosis nacree or nitida and of the former variety to ichthyosis saurodermia or serpentina.The population frequency of ichthyosis was discussed and an unexpectedly high prevalence of sex-linked ichthyosis noted in Berkshire.We wish to thank Dr. A. C. Stevenson for suggesting the investi- gation and for help and criticism while it was beng completed, Dr. A. H. T. Robb-Smith for providing histological facilities, Dr. R. R. Race and Dr. R. Sanger for Xg blood-grouping, and all the con- sultant dermatologists, general practitioners, and school medical officers of health in the
Concurrent blood–brain barrier opening and local drug delivery using drug-carrying microbubbles and focused ultrasound for brain glioma treatment
Authors: Chien-Yu Ting, Ching-Hsiang Fan, Hao-Li Liu, Chiung-Yin Huang, Han-Yi Hsieh, Tzu-Chen Yen, Kuo-Chen Wei, Chih-Kuang Yeh
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Alternative donor transplantation after reduced intensity conditioning: results of parallel phase 2 trials using partially HLA-mismatched related bone marrow or unrelated double umbilical cord blood grafts
Authors: Claudio G. Brunstein, Ephraim J. Fuchs, Shelly L. Carter, Chatchada Karanes, Luciano J. Costa, Juan Wu, Steven M. Devine, John R. Wingard, Omar S. Aljitawi, Corey S. Cutler, Madan H. Jagasia, Karen K. Ballen, Mary Eapen, Paul V. O'Donnell
Journal: Blood (2011)
Intracardiac Shunting across a Patent Foramen Ovale May Exacerbate Hypoxemia in High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema
Authors: Benjamin D. Levine, Paul A. Grayburn, Wyatt F. Voyles, E. Richard Greene, Robert C. Roach, Peter H. Hackett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Excerpt Rapid ascent to altitude in susceptible persons may result in severe hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension, and even pulmonary edema. This life-threatening syndrome affects approximately 1% of climbers who rapidly ascend to more than 3000 m (1). The underlying mechanisms for this problem have yet to be determined. We used bubble contrast and Doppler echocardiography on 12 climbers at 4200 m on Mount McKinley, Alaska, to test the hypothesis that a patent foramen ovale may provide an avenue for right-to-left shunting during high-altitude-induced hypoxia and pulmonary hypertension, resulting in disproportionate hypoxemia and contributing to the development of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Patient and
Effect of nitroglycerin and arterial hypertension on myocardial blood flow following acute coronary artery occlusion in the dog.
Authors: R J Bache
Journal: Circulation (1978)

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of nitroglycerin and phenylephrine-induced arterial hypertension on regional myocardial blood flow in awake dogs with acute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery. Myocardial blood flow to four transmural layers from epicardium to endocardium was estimated with 7-9 micron radionuclide labeled microspheres in 1) the non-ischemic myocardium, 2) the central ischemic zone, and 3) the border zone separating ischemic from normally perfused myocardium. Measurements were repeated 1) during infusion of nitroglycerin, 0.015 mg/kg/min, 2) during phenylephrine administered to increase arterial pressure 60 mm Hg above the control measurements, and 3) during combined nitroglycerin and phenylephrine administration. Both nitroglycerin and phenylephrine increased myocardial blood flow to the central ischemic area; nitroglycerin significantly decreased the resistance of the collateral vascular system, while the increased flow during phenylephrine administration was accounted for entirely by the increased arterial pressure with no change in collateral vascular resistance. The increased blood flow to the central ischemic zone during nitroglycerin administration was delivered preferentially to the subendocardium, while the increased blood flow during phenylephrine administration was directed exclusively to the subepicardium. Neither nitroglycerin nor phenylephrine significantly altered computed vascular resistance of the border zone, but because of the increased driving pressure, blood flow to the border zone was significantly increased during phenylephrine administration.
Platelet storage at 22°C; metabolic, morphologic, and functional studies
Authors: Scott Murphy, Frank H. Gardner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

Platelets stored at 22 degrees C for transfusion purpose have been examined with metabolic, morphologic, and functional studies. Evaluations were made of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stored for 3-4 days and platelet concentrates (PC) stored for 24 hr. During these periods, lactate accumulated continuously without significant change in platelet count, pH, or plasma glucose. Platelet glycogen fell dramatically both chemically and by electron microscopy, but adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and intracellular potassium did not change. After storage, the cell's capacity for glucose utilization through glycolysis, the hexose monophosphate shunt, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle appeared to be intact. Although platelet volume during storage did not change, disc to sphere transformation was observed by phase microscopy. Platelet aggregration with ADP was reduced even after 1 day of storage. After transfusion of stored platelets to thrombocytopenic recipients, recovery of platelet glycogen and capacity for aggregation occurred within 24 hr. In summary, the platelet remains surprisingly intact during the intervals studied; those defects which do develop are reversible in the circulation of a thrombocytopenic recipient if viability has been maintained. A "storage lesion" responsible for loss of viability has not been defined.
Low ERCC1 Expression in Malignant Pleural Mesotheliomas Treated with Cisplatin and Vinorelbine Predicts Prolonged Progression-Free Survival
Authors: Zarah Glad Zimling, Jens Benn Sørensen, Thomas Alexander Gerds, Cecilia Bech, Claus Bøgelund Andersen, Eric Santoni-Rugiu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Rapamycin Resistance Is Linked to Defective Regulation of Skp2
Authors: Hana Totary-Jain, Despina Sanoudou, Cula N. Dautriche, Hillary Schneller, Lester Zambrana, Andrew R. Marks
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a role in controlling malignant cellular growth. mTOR inhibitors, including rapamycin (sirolimus), are currently being evaluated in cancer trials. However, a significant number of tumors are rapamycin resistant. In this study, we report that the ability of rapamycin to downregulate Skp2, a subunit of the ubiquitin protein ligase complex, identifies tumors that are sensitive to rapamycin. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of Skp2 in human tumor cells increased their sensitivity to rapamycin in vitro and inhibited the growth of tumor xenografts in vivo. Our findings suggest that Skp2 levels are a key determinant of antitumor responses to mTOR inhibitors, highlighting a potentially important pharmacogenomic marker to predict sensitivity to rapamycin as well as Skp2 silencing strategies for therapeutic purposes.
Using diffusion weighted MR imaging to dissect the neuroanatomy of human swallowing related behaviours
Authors: S. Mistry, E. Michou, S. Singh, S. Jefferson, D. Downey, K. Embleton, H. Haroon, D. Morris, G. Parker, S. Williams, S. Hamdy
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Understanding the relevance of neural pathways that control human swallowing and related behaviours is paramount to correctly identifying and treating swallowing disorders. We aimed to evaluate these connections using complimentary imaging modalities <i>in vivo</i>. <h3>Methods</h3> In 13 healthy adults (3 Male/10 Female, 27–62 years old) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) evoked pharyngeal motor responses were recorded via a swallowed intraluminal catheter and used to assess motor cortical pharyngeal representation in both hemispheres.1 Thereafter, event-related 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was applied to assess blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal changes (compared to rest) in response to a pseudo-randomised order of water and saliva swallowing in addition to a tongue elevation task. Swallow related behaviour was monitored using a pressure feedback belt around the subjects9 neck. Distortion-corrected diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) data were then acquired for probabilistic tractography to determine anatomical fibre tracts. Task-related fMRI activations were identified in SPM8 and used to seed unconstrained multi-fibre probabilistic tractography independently in each hemisphere.2 These results were compared with TMS inter-hemispheric differences. <h3>Results</h3> TMS data revealed 12/13 subjects had asymmetric motor representation (lateralised dominance) for the pharynx (6 left, 6 right) with significantly larger responses observed in the lateralised projection (p &lt; 0.001). FMRI data (figure 1) also revealed asymmetric activations in both sensorimotor cortices in each subject for the different tasks which were used as seed regions for tractography. Largest activations were observed in primary motor cortices (Brodmann Area (BA) 4) after water swallowing, predominantly right lateralised. By contrast, tongue elevation and saliva swallowing produced a greater number of left lateralised brain areas, particularly pre- and supplementary-motor cortex (BA 6) as well as areas involved with language and speech processing (BA 22,40,44). Tractography revealed larger tract volumes in the hemispheric dominant projection predicted by TMS compared to the non-dominant projection for water but not for saliva swallowing or tongue elevations (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Using multimodal imaging we have performed a detailed mapping of the network of neural pathways that contribute to human swallowing and its related behaviours. Our data also provide further evidence for cerebral asymmetry and its relevance in the control of human swallowing.
Are surgical shoes providing value for money?
Authors: P. S. Costigan, G. Miller, C. Elliott, W. A. Wallace
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Les «chaussures chirurgicales» prescrites par les orthopedistes et rhumatologues sont couteuses. Sur 82 malades a qui ces chaussures ont ete prescrites, 66 continuent a les porter au bout de 2 ans mais beaucoup ne sont pas satisfaits: troubles au niveau d'autres articulations, impossibilite de fixer leurs chaussures eux-memes, aspect peu esthetique. Souhaits: meilleur choix propose avant et non apres la confection des chaussures, fermetures «Velcro»
A Case of Blast Injury
Authors: B. B. Hickey
Journal: BMJ (1945)

A Case of Blast InjuryAn account of this case is placed on record because of its complex clinical character and its significance in relation to other similar cases which may arise.Blast injuries have been extensively recognized since the Spanish War, and are due to exposure of the effects of big explosions at close range.The clinical findings are well known and require no recapitulation.A more recently recognized type is that met with in sailors who, while in the water, receive the effect of depth charges.Here the lesions are multiple