tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Scientists Probe Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rapid Enlargement of the Azygos Vein as a Sign of Retro Peritoneal Venous Obstruction
Authors: Irwin Litt, Renate L. Soulen, Kevin G. Ryan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE various collateral routes available for venous return in the face of iliac-vein or inferiorvena-cava obstruction have been well demonstrated in laboratory animals and human beings.1 2 3 4 5 The ascending lumbar and spinal-plexus veins and the superficial trunk-wall routes form the two major pathways. In the patient described below, the venous abnormality presenting as a mass in the right superior mediastinum had not been present on a chest film taken three weeks earlier.Case ReportAn obese 79-year-old Negro woman was admitted to the hospital for treatment of long standing stasis dermatitis of both legs, with recurrent ulceration over the right medial . . .
Book Review ACP Medicine, 2004–2005 Edition (A Publication of the American College of Physicians.) Edited by David C. Dale and Daniel D. Federman. 2859 pp., in two volumes, illustrated. New York, WebMD, 2004. $229. 0-9703902-8-9 ACP Medicine CD-ROM (Windows or Macintosh), updated quarterly. $329. ISBN 0-9703902-9-7.
Authors: Sanjay Saint
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)
Persistent Expression of hF.IX After Tolerance Induction by In Utero or Neonatal Administration of AAV-1-F.IX in Hemophilia B Mice
Authors: Denise E Sabatino, Tippi C MacKenzie, William Peranteau, Shyrie Edmonson, Cesare Campagnoli, Yi-Lin Liu, Alan W Flake, Katherine A High
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

The major complication associated with protein replacement therapy currently used in the treatment of hemophilia B (HB) is the development of antibodies to the infused human Factor IX (hF.IX). We hypothesized that vector-mediated expression of hF.IX, either at a prenatal stage or early in life may lead to tolerance to hF.IX and long-term transgene expression. Fetal, neonatal, and adult F.IX-deficient mice were injected with AAV-1-hF.IX, and the hF.IX levels as well as antibodies to hF.IX in the circulation were assayed. In utero injection followed by postnatal re-administration of adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV-1) vector achieved persistent expression of hF.IX in all animals, with no cellular or humoral immune response to F.IX. Similar results were seen after initial injection in neonatal mice followed by re-administration, whereas all mice injected at the adult stage developed antibodies to hF.IX. In contrast, after administration of AAV-2-hF.IX in the neonatal period, antibodies to hF.IX were formed in all the injected animals. We conclude that in utero or neonatal-stage injection of AAV-1-hF.IX can lead to long-term expression and absence of immune response. The differences in immune response between the AAV-1 and AAV-2 groups suggests that tolerance may be related to differences in bio-distribution, timing of expression, and/or the initial levels of hF.IX expression. This supports the concept of a narrow "window of opportunity" for tolerance induction.
Health Disparities and the Quality of Ambulatory Care
Authors: Nicole Lurie, Melinda Beeuwkes Buntin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The seminal Institute of Medicine report, “Crossing the Quality Chasm,”1 identified several attributes of the health care system needed for the 21st century. These include equity; “providing care that does not vary in quality because of personal characteristics” such as sex, ethnic background, geographic location, and socioeconomic status; and effectiveness. In order to achieve these aims, the Institute of Medicine concluded, health system redesign must address organizational challenges such as the “coordination of care across patient conditions, services, and settings over time” and the effective use of clinical teams. These are not simply ideals; health system redesign is required to . . .
Current Status of Nonproprietary Nomenclature for Drugs
Authors: Joseph B. Jerome
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ALTHOUGH THE PROBLEMS in selecting nonproprietary names for drugs have been discussed in several previous reports,<sup>1-7</sup>it is apparent from the nature of inquiries received by the AMA-USP Nomenclature Committee that certain aspects of nonproprietary drug nomenclature are still in need of clarification. In addition, this is an appropriate time to present the Guiding Principles for Coining Nonproprietary Names for Drugs, which were drafted and recently completed by the Committee. To understand some of the problems in this area, one should first be aware of the existence of two classes of nonproprietary names, the formally adopted and the informally adopted. This double classification has caused a great deal of confusion in nonproprietary drug nomenclature. The use of the names informally adopted by clinical investigators, research workers, or manufacturers in published reports before formal adoption of a name is the real point at issue. This practice has often resulted in a
850 EARLY VIROLOGIC RESPONSE (EVR) IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE MONO-INFECTED CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC) PATIENTS TREATED WITH CEPEGINTERFERON-alfa-2b (cePEG-IFNa-2b) PLUS RIBAVIRIN
Authors: O. Znoyko, M. Maevskaya, E. Klimova, S. Kizhlo, N. Petrochenkova, S. Maximov, F. Nagimova, R. Ivanov, Y. Linkova, T. Chernovskaya
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Efficacy and Safety of Benazepril for Advanced Chronic Renal Insufficiency
Authors: Fan Fan Hou, Xun Zhang, Guo Hua Zhang, Di Xie, Ping Yan Chen, Wei Ru Zhang, Jian Ping Jiang, Min Liang, Guo Bao Wang, Zheng Rong Liu, Ren Wen Geng
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors provide renal protection in patients with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level, 3.0 mg per deciliter or less). We assessed the efficacy and safety of benazepril in patients without diabetes who had advanced renal insufficiency.We enrolled 422 patients in a randomized, double-blind study. After an eight-week run-in period, 104 patients with serum creatinine levels of 1.5 to 3.0 mg per deciliter (group 1) received 20 mg of benazepril per day, whereas 224 patients with serum creatinine levels of 3.1 to 5.0 mg per deciliter (group 2) were randomly assigned to receive 20 mg of benazepril per day (112 patients) or placebo (112 patients) and then followed for a mean of 3.4 years. All patients received conventional antihypertensive therapy. The primary outcome was the composite of a doubling of the serum creatinine level, end-stage renal disease, or death. Secondary end points included changes in the level of proteinuria and the rate of progression of renal disease.Of 102 patients in group 1, 22 (22 percent) reached the primary end point, as compared with 44 of 108 patients given benazepril in group 2 (41 percent) and 65 of 107 patients given placebo in group 2 (60 percent). As compared with placebo, benazepril was associated with a 43 percent reduction in the risk of the primary end point in group 2 (P=0.005). This benefit did not appear to be attributable to blood-pressure control. Benazepril therapy was associated with a 52 percent reduction in the level of proteinuria and a reduction of 23 percent in the rate of decline in renal function. The overall incidence of major adverse events in the benazepril and placebo subgroups of group 2 was similar.Benazepril conferred substantial renal benefits in patients without diabetes who had advanced renal insufficiency. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00270426.)
Renal Transplantation for Children-Reply
Authors: John B. Reinhart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Mauer et al make a strong case for increased patient survival rates with renal transplantation. There is plenty of data to support this, and in our commentary we state that transplantation is the treatment of choice for endstage renal disease. They also note that the majority of their patients would dispute our statement that the "quality of life of transplant recipients is not ideal." Having served as members or consultants to several transplant teams for children and/or adults, our experience as psychiatrists clearly has been different from that of Mauer et al. We find that patients frequently provide considerably different information to different physicians depending on the questions asked. Often they do no describe depressed or angry feelings until they are asked or given the time and opportunity to express themselves freely. The four references cited by Mauer et al do not describe interviews in sufficient depth to
Selection and Adaptation of Cells Expressing Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I–specific Receptors of the Natural Killer Complex
Authors: Albert Bendelac
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

In addition to their essential role in presenting pathogen peptides for recognition by the antigen receptor of killer CD8 T cells, MHC class I molecules can be the targets of another fundamentally different mode of recognition, also involved in fighting pathogens. Studies on NK, a component of the
Enriched Protein Screening of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretions Reveals MFAP5 and PENK as Novel IL-10 Modulators
Authors: Jack M Milwid, Jessica S Elman, Matthew Li, Keyue Shen, Arjun Manrai, Aaron Gabow, Joshua Yarmush, Yunxin Jiao, Anne Fletcher, Jungwoo Lee, Michael J Cima, Martin L Yarmush, Biju Parekkadan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

The secreted proteins from a cell constitute a natural biologic library that can offer significant insight into human health and disease. Discovering new secreted proteins from cells is bounded by the limitations of traditional separation and detection tools to physically fractionate and analyze samples. Here, we present a new method to systematically identify bioactive cell-secreted proteins that circumvent traditional proteomic methods by first enriching for protein candidates by differential gene expression profiling. The bone marrow stromal cell secretome was analyzed using enriched gene expression datasets in combination with potency assay testing. Four proteins expressed by stromal cells with previously unknown anti-inflammatory properties were identified, two of which provided a significant survival benefit to mice challenged with lethal endotoxic shock. Greater than 85% of secreted factors were recaptured that were otherwise undetected by proteomic methods, and remarkable hit rates of 18% in vitro and 9% in vivo were achieved.
THE STRUCTURE OF ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES STUDIED BY FREEZE-ETCHING
Authors: Thomas W. Tillack, Robert E. Scott, Vincent T. Marchesi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The distribution of specific glycoprotein receptors on the external surfaces of red cells was mapped, by the freeze-etching technique, to determine if the receptors coincided with the underlying 75-A intramembranous particles. Phytohemagglutinin, ferritin-conjugated phytohemagglutinin, and influenza virus were used as labeling agents since they can be seen by freeze-etching techniques and each reacts with a different site on the same glycoprotein molecule. The distribution of these labels was studied on intact human red cells, isolated ghost membranes, and trypsin-treated ghost membranes. The results show that the receptors for these labels are distributed uniformly over the surfaces of normal red cell membranes in the same apparent distribution as that of the 75-A particles within the membrane. The association between the external receptors and the underlying particles is especially evident when trypsin-treated ghost membranes are labeled: the labeled receptor sites and the intramembranous particles both form sharply defined, reticulated networks, which overlap. These results provide further support for the idea that membrane-bound glycoproteins are oriented so that their carbohydrate-rich segments, which bear the antigenic sites and receptors, are exposed to the external medium, while hydrophobic segments of the same molecules interact with lipids, and possibly other proteins, to form the intramembranous particles.
Multinational Pharmaceutical Companies: Principles and Practice
Authors: James J. Brophy
Journal: JAMA (1994)

The review of the first edition of this book (<i>JAMA</i>. 1981;262:1861) emphasized people and their role in the success of any endeavor, pharmeceutical or otherwise. The second edition, with a slightly different title, has the same major focus: people and their role in the many facets, direct and indirect, of drug discovery, development, and marketing. The author quotes Arthur Rock from the<i>Har-</i>
Intravascular ultrasound assessment of pulmonary vascular disease in patients with pulmonary hypertension: Correlation with hemodynamic data and results of interventions
Authors: Jean-Claude Taroff, Andressa Rodrigues, Raoul Bonan, Gilbert Gosselin, Ilnor Dyrda, Jacques Crépeau, Serge Doucet, Luc Bilodeau, Gilles Côté
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
ABC of labour care: Place of birth
Authors: L. Zander, G. Chamberlain
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Reducing cholesterol and blood pressure, as well as smoking cessation, have been shown to be effective strategies for preventing cardiovascular diseases. 13][4] Additional factors may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and new preventive strategies may be of use.In this article we briefly review the use of antioxidants, the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and homocysteine lowering; other "emerging" cardiovascular risk factors and potential preventive strategies that are under investigation are summarised in table 1.
P163 IMMUNE CORRELATES OF VACCINE-MEDIATED PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY VERSUS VIRAL PERSISTENCE IN HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: J.-J. Park, D.K. Wong, A.S. Wahed, W.M. Lee, J.J. Feld, N. Terrault, M. Khalili, K.V. Kowdley, D.T. Lau, R.K. Sterling, W.R. Kim, C. Smith, R. Carithers, D.L. Levine, J. Keith, M.E. Valiga, A.S.F. Lok, K.-M. Chang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
An Introduction to Surgical Haemodynamics
Authors: Rodney A. Mannion
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Prof Weale has produced in this volume a concise and perhaps unique textbook. There are 10 chapters intelligently divided. These cover the subject from "The Basic Characteristics of Flowing Blood" (chap 1), through the various physical properties of moving fluids, to the clinical application such as "Post Stenotic Dilatation" (chap 10), and the reader would benefit from a final summary and correlation which is absent. The 79 illustrations are well chosen, profuse, and illuminate the text in a satisfactory manner. There is a clever genealogy of the historical contributors to the science of hemodynamics in the frontispiece and a most thorough bibliography at the end. The index appears adequate. As befits the introductory concept of the book, a glossary of terms precedes the actual text. In his preface, the author makes a convincing analogy between the surgeon who wishes to know theory and, for example, the motorist who wishes to
Structural and functional characterization of a specific antidote for ticagrelor
Authors: Andrew Buchanan, Philip Newton, Susanne Pehrsson, Tord Inghardt, Thomas Antonsson, Peder Svensson, Tove Sjögren, Linda Öster, Annika Janefeldt, Ann-Sofie Sandinge, Feenagh Keyes, Mark Austin, Jennifer Spooner, Peter Gennemark, Mark Penney, Garnet Howells, Tristan Vaughan, Sven Nylander
Journal: Blood (2015)
Comparative utility of diagnostic bone-marrow components: A 10-year study
Authors: Carol L. Barekman, Kevaghn P. Fair, James D. Cotelingam
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Ten years of cumulative experience represented by 4,902 consecutive diagnostic bone-marrow examinations at a tertiary care and referral center were reviewed to assess the value of specific components. While it has been shown previously that the information obtained from each component is generally complementary, the inclusion of some or all components may vary between institutions. The components studied included aspirate smears, clot sections, biopsy cores, and touch imprints of biopsy and clot sections. Three clinical presentations accounted for the majority of cases: staging for carcinoma or lymphoma, cytopenias, and acute leukemia. We conclude that bilateral aspirates with biopsies are required for diagnosis in staging of neoplasms and that a unilateral aspirate with biopsy is sufficient to assess patients with cytopenia or leukemia. Only rarely were touch imprints of biopsy cores necessary to establish a diagnosis; however, their early availability prior to examining sections of the clot and core did provide immediate information, when positive, in the staging of patients with carcinoma. In a small percentage of staging and leukemia cases the diagnosis rested with the clot section alone. The findings in this study address common assumptions associated with routine diagnostic hematology and oncology procedures, and are important to both clinicians and pathologists concerned with accuracy, quality assurance, turnaround time, and cost containment. Am. J. Hematol. 56:37–41, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Microscopic identification of the remnant hair or feather of five animal drug components in Shenrongbian pill
Authors: Tingguo Kang, Xiahong Feng, Dongmin Yuan, Koji Ohba, Toshihiro Tanaka
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

A comparative study was performed to identify the microscopic characteristics of hair or feather in the five animal drug components contained in Shenrongbian pill. Penis et Testis Canis is 40±0.07 in the medulla index, with long circular, banana or triangular circular shaped medulla cells arranged in one line or network, and the hair cuticle is in imbrication (d, m) and flat wave (p) shape. Penis et Testis Equi is 66±0.10 in the medulla index, with ellipse, spindle or long strip-shaped medulla cells arranged in network, and the hair cuticle is in flat wave shape. Penis et Testis Bovis is 67±0.05 in the medulla index, with rectangle, spindle or polygon-shaped medulla cells arranged in ladder or network form, and the hair cuticle is in flat wave shape. Penis et Testis Mustelae is 29±0.05 in the medulla index, with ellipse-like, square-like or circular shaped medulla cells arranged in one line generally, and the hair cuticle is in acuminate (d, m), imbrication (m,p) and slightly flat wave (p) shape. Musculus et Bonis Passeris is 24±0.05 in the medulla index, with bamboo joint-shaped barbs and unclear medulla cells, without hair cuticle.
Increased acetyl group availability enhances contractile function of canine skeletal muscle during ischemia.
Authors: J A Timmons, S M Poucher, D Constantin-Teodosiu, V Worrall, I A Macdonald, P L Greenhaff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Skeletal muscle contractile function is impaired during acute ischemia such as that experienced by peripheral vascular disease patients. We therefore, examined the effects of dichloroacetate, which can alter resting metabolism, on canine gracilis muscle contractile function during constant flow ischemia. Pretreatment with dichloroacetate increased resting pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and resting acetylcarnitine concentration by approximately 4- and approximately 10-fold, respectively. After 20-min contraction the control group had demonstrated an approximately 40% reduction in isomeric tension whereas the dichloroacetate group had fatigued by approximately 25% (P < 0.05). Dichloroacetate resulted in less lactate accumulation (10.3 +/- 3.0 vs 58.9 +/- 10.5 mmol.kg-1 dry muscle [dm], P < 0.05) and phosphocreatine hydrolysis (15.6 +/- 6.3 vs 33.8 +/- 9.0 mmol.kg-1 dm, P < 0.05) during contraction. Acetylcarnitine concentration fell during contraction by 5.4 +/- 1.8 mmol.kg-1 dm in the dichloroacetate group but increased by 10.0 +/- 1.9 mmol.kg-1 dm in the control group. In conclusion, dichloroacetate enhanced contractile function during ischemia, independently of blood flow, such that it appears oxidative ATP regeneration is limited by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity and acetyl group availability.
Blood pressure and echocardiographic measures in children: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Authors: G L Burke, R A Arcilla, W S Culpepper, L S Webber, Y K Chiang, G S Berenson
Journal: Circulation (1987)

M mode echocardiograms were obtained from 654 healthy subjects, 7 to 22 years of age, whose diastolic blood pressure levels remained in the same height-, race-, and sex-specific decile during two biannual examinations. Echocardiographic measures of heart size, obtained according to the recommendations of the American Society for Echocardiography, were compared across the entire systolic and diastolic blood pressure distributions. Echocardiographic indexes of left heart size varied as a function of both blood pressure levels and body size. Significant positive correlations were present between systolic blood pressure and different measures of left ventricular size. Left ventricular wall thickness in systole correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = .42, p less than .0001), and persistence of this relationship was noted after adjustment for body size. Left ventricular wall thickness in diastole correlated with blood pressure before adjustment (r = .31, p less than .0001), but the relationship was not significant after adjustment for body size. The ratio of left ventricular thickness to chamber size (systole) correlated with systolic blood pressure levels both before and after adjustment for body size (r = .20 and r = .22, p less than .001). Male subjects of both races demonstrated significantly higher adjusted left ventricular mass, left ventricular wall thickness, and left ventricular chamber size. Adjusted left ventricular wall stress was significantly related to both systolic (r = .14) and diastolic blood pressure levels (r = .14, p less than .001). Measures of left ventricular wall thickness increased throughout the entire blood pressure distribution, indicating a consistent trend rather than a threshold effect seen only in the highest blood pressure groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)