tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dyschromatopsia in Diabetes Mellitus and its Relation to Metabolic Control
Authors: Sergio Muntoni, Antonina Serra, Chiara Mascia, Marco Songini
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

In 102 insulin-dependent diabetic patients without retinopathy and with visual acuity 20/20, the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test was performed, and glycosylated hemoglobin (GlHb) levels were determined. In 70% of the patients, a dyschromatopsia in the yellow-blue axis (tritanopia) was found. No correlation existed between duration of diabetes and tritanopia. On the other hand, the degree of this visual defect was positively correlated with GlHb levels. Thus, dyschromatopsia might be associated with poor metabolic control. It is suggested that dyschromatopsia is a consequence of hypoxia at the neuroepithelial level. The high levels of GlHb could be a contributory cause of hypoxia by reduction of both oxygen release capacity and erythrocyte deformability.
A Cast of Nephrologists
Authors: RICHARD N. OLANS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Ad Libitum1 June 1981A Cast of NephrologistsRICHARD N. OLANS, M.D.RICHARD N. OLANS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-6-825_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is curious how we have specific and often strikingly appropriate names for groupings of animals. For example, there is a pride of lions. What better name for the stately court of the King of Beasts? A gaggle of geese seems appropriate too. What better place to find a goose and a gander—much more appropriate than finding them in say, a consortium.Medicine has become so highly subspecialized that we may soon need similar names for groupings of physicians. I can foresee the time when one would refer to aclotof hematologists. When walking by... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCollective Medical NounsJ. M. ROCCA, M.B. B.S. 1 June 1981Volume 94, Issue 6Page: 825-825KeywordsHematology and oncologyWalking ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Expression of ectonucleotidase CD39 by Foxp3+ Treg cells: hydrolysis of extracellular ATP and immune suppression
Authors: Giovanna Borsellino, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Diletta Di Mitri, Alexander Sternjak, Adamo Diamantini, Raffaella Giometto, Sabine Höpner, Diego Centonze, Giorgio Bernardi, Maria Luisa Dell'Acqua, Paolo Maria Rossini, Luca Battistini, Olaf Rötzschke, Kirsten Falk
Journal: Blood (2007)
Epidemiology and age comparisons of patients presenting to a dedicated community concussion clinic
Authors: Johna K Register-Mihalik, Valerie J De Maio, Holly Tibbo-Valeriote, Brian Lanier, Thomas Jackson, John D Wooten
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objective To describe the epidemiology of student-athletes presenting to a community concussion clinic and to compare post-concussive outcomes between younger and older patients. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Community concussion clinic. Patients Student-athletes (10–18 years) presenting to a concussion clinic August 2009–July 2011 (n=280). Interventions The independent variable was age (10–14 vs 15–18 years). Main Outcome Measurements Outcome measures included Immediate Post Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) composite (COMP) and percentile-rank (PR) scores, symptom scores, and Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) score. Univariate statistics were used for age comparisons. Results Characteristics of patients were: male (76%), mean age (14.6±2.3 years), previous head trauma (61%), migraine family history (25%), initially evaluated in the emergency department (ED) (55%), loss of consciousness (24%), anterograde amnesia (21%). Common sport and injury mechanisms were American football (42%) and person-to-person contact (41%). Common symptoms included: headache (67%), fatigue (45%), difficulty concentrating (44%), and drowsiness (44%). At initial visit, younger (n=135) compared to older (n=145) patients had lower processing speed PR (30.5±27.8 vs 38.1±29.7*) and COMP (29.9±6.5 vs 35.2±8.1*), slower reaction time COMP (0.67±0.14 vs 0.61±0.09*), and lower cognitive symptom severity (2.8±3.9 vs 4.6±6.0*). Older patients were more likely to report time-of-injury dizziness (OR=2.0; 95% CI 1.1 to 3.8*) and fogginess (OR=2.0; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.4*) and being dazed (OR=2.3; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.2*) and foggy (OR=2.3; 95% CI 1.3 to 4.3*) at initial visit. (*p&lt;0.05) No BESS differences were observed. Conclusions Patients presenting to concussion clinics are often ED referrals and may represent a unique group with complicated post-injury patterns. Clinicians should be mindful of age and cognitive differences in post-concussion evaluations. Competing interests None.
Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b as a major risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis: A seventeen-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Savino Bruno, Andrea Crosignani, Patrick Maisonneuve, Sonia Rossi, Enrico Silini, Mario U. Mondelli
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent cause of death in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)–induced cirrhosis. Despite a number of studies in different populations worldwide suggesting an association between HCV genotype 1 and the risk of HCC, no consensus has emerged yet on this matter, which is still controversial. In an attempt to clarify this issue, a prospective study of 163 consecutive HCV-positive patients with cirrhosis, who were enrolled between January 1989 and December 1990, was carried out. HCC occurrence was detected by ultrasound surveillance every 6 months. Independent predictors of HCC were assessed with a Cox regression analysis. After a median follow-up of 10.7 years, 44 [4.26/100/year, confidence interval (CI) = 3.11–5.68/100/year] of 104 patients infected with genotype 1b developed HCC versus 10 (1.69/100/year, CI = 0.82–3.09/100/year) of 52 patients infected with genotype 2a/c ( P = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that HCV genotype 1b was independently associated with HCC development [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.40–6.53]. Other predictors of HCC were esophageal varices (HR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.03–4.47), male gender (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.10–4.11), and age over 60 years (HR = 5.96, 95% CI = 1.23–28.8). Conclusion: HCV genotype 1b is associated with a statistically significant higher risk of developing HCC. Patients with cirrhosis that are infected with this genotype require more intensive surveillance for the early detection and aggressive management of neoplasia.
Well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma presenting with cutaneous metastases
Authors: S-C. Chao, J.Y-Y. Lee
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Sir, Pulmonary blastomas are rare lung tumours consisting of malignant embryonic‐appearing glands and fetal‐type stroma.1, 2 Well‐differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA), also known as pulmonary endodermal tumour resembling fetal lung3 and well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma simulating fetal lung lobules,4 is a type of pulmonary blastoma lacking a sarcomatous component. The tumour consists of glycogen‐rich, nonciliated tubules simulating those of fetal lung between 10 and 16 weeks' gestation, accompanied by a benign‐appearing mesenchyme.3 WDFA is regarded as a tumour of low‐grade malignancy with a 30% recurrence rate.1, 5 The reported median survival time was 34 months, with 14% of patients with WDFA dying of their tumours.6 Metastasis to lymph nodes and brain occur in fatal cases. Metastasis to the skin has not been documented. We describe the first case of WDFA in which skin metastasis was the presenting manifestation. A 56‐year‐old man was admitted to our hospital in August 1998 because of acute onset of blurred vision of the right eye and right‐sided weakness. He had smoked cigarettes for 20 years and had a 6‐month history of coughing and exertional dyspnoea. Brain computed tomography (CT) showed a 4‐cm tumour in the left occipital area. Chest X‐ray and CT revealed an ill‐defined lesion at the left lower lobe near the mediastinum. A transbronchial lung biopsy revealed the presence of atypical glandular structures consistent with well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy (gemcitabine, Gemzar, Lilly) and palliative radiotherapy.
Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care
Authors: Herbert S. Diamond
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters2 March 1999Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of CareHerbert S. Diamond, MD and Elliot Goldberg, MDHerbert S. Diamond, MDThe Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Diamond)The Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Goldberg)Search for more papers by this author and Elliot Goldberg, MDThe Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Diamond)The Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Goldberg)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-5-199903020-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The cost allocation system used by the hospital incorporates the cost of the residents. We found that cost of care was similar on teaching and nonteaching services in our institution (1). Hospitalists have been involved in teaching residents both in the present hospital managed program and in the original program. The hospitalist program was not disbanded. Management was transferred from the Department of Medicine teaching faculty to hospital administration to expand the program and to separate administration of the hospitalist program from administration of the medical residency. The faculty member who had the largest hospitalist role now has ...Reference1. Diamond HS, Fitzgerald LL, Day R. An analysis of the cost and revenue of an expanded medical residency. J Gen Intern Med. 1993;8:614-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Diamond)The Western Pennsylvania Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15224 (Goldberg) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Effect of Full-Time Faculty Hospitalists on the Efficiency of Care at a Community Teaching Hospital Herbert S. Diamond , Elliot Goldberg , and Janine E. Janosky Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care Jonathan Warren Hospitalists: Cost and Quality of Care Eran Bellin Metrics 2 March 1999Volume 130, Issue 5Page: 450-451KeywordsHealth care qualityHospital medicineHospitalistsLength of stayResidency Issue Published: 2 March 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
QT Boston — An Ileostomy Group
Authors: Edith Lenneberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN the field of patient rehabilitation an increasingly greater role is played each year by lay organizations. Conditions that require constant care by the patient himself or are socially embarrassing have given particular impetus to mutual-aid societies for "qualified" members only — for instance, the American Diabetes Association and Alcoholics Anonymous. Organized self-help has in some cases become an important tool at the disposal of the physician in teaching his patient to live with a handicap.HistoryUnaware of this trend, 9 young women with ileostomies met for the first time in Boston in October, 1952. The objective was to . . .
Role of miRs in immune suppression
Authors: Barbara Seliger, Simon Jasinski-Bergner, Evamaria Gonschorek, Marian Teren, Christine Stoehr, Anne Meinhardt, Franziska Stehle, Kristin Schulz, Bernd Wullich, Arndt Hartmann
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Tumors evade adaptive and/or innate immune response multiple mechanisms including loss and/or down-regulation of HLA class I antigens due to reduced or impaired expression of single or multiple components of the antigen processing machinery (APM), loss of co-stimulatory molecules
Hemodynamic Determinants of Maximal Oxygen Intake in Patients with Healed Myocardial Infarction: Influence of Physical Training
Authors: MICHEL F. ROUSSEAU, LUCIEN A. BRASSEUR, JEAN-MARIE R. DETRY
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Fourteen patients with a healed myocardial infarction (no angina pectoris) had maximal oxygen intake (V O O2 max) determinations and hemodynamic studies at submaximal and maximal exercise levels; seven patients were studied two months after an acute myocardial infarction (untrained group) while seven had followed a physical training program for 13.5 months (trained group). At the maximal exercise level, all patients exhibited a fall in stroke volume which was 15% (untrained group) and 18% (trained group) lower than at submaximal exercise level: this decrease in stroke volume, presumably resulting from myocardial ischemia, was the major factor limiting the V o o2 max of the patients. The maximal arteriovenous oxygen (A-V O O2 ) difference of untrained patients was the same (14.4 ml/100 ml) as for healthy subjects. Higher V O O2 max of trained patients (2.50 vs 2.07 liters/min) resulted almost exclusively from greater maximal A-V O O2 difference (16.5 vs 14.4 ml/100 ml); this suggests that long-term physical training increases peripheral extraction of oxygen by the working muscles.
Association of Antibody to Histone Complex H2A–H2B with Symptomatic Procainamide-Induced Lupus
Authors: M C Totoritis, E M Tan, E M McNally, R L Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Antinuclear antibodies develop in most patients who are given prolonged procainamide therapy, but clinical symptoms resembling those of lupus appear in only 15 to 20 percent of such persons. No objective marker for symptomatic procainamide-induced lupus has been described. However, IgG antibodies to the histone complex H2A-H2B have previously been reported in this disorder, and it has been suggested that antiguanosine antibodies may be a marker for major manifestations of procainamide-induced lupus. We therefore tested for these antibodies in 20 symptomatic and 31 asymptomatic patients treated with procainamide. Most of the symptomatic patients had multiple manifestations of drug-induced lupus; resolution of symptoms after the discontinuation of procainamide was required for inclusion in the symptomatic group. All 20 symptomatic patients had elevated IgG antibodies to H2A-H2B, in contrast to only 2 asymptomatic patients (P less than 0.001). This activity was absent in patients not treated with procainamide and in patients with lupus induced by hydralazine or quinidine. IgG antiguanosine was elevated as compared with normal controls in 13 of 20 symptomatic and 19 of 31 asymptomatic patients--a finding that did not distinguish between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. We conclude that IgG antibodies to H2A-H2B are a sensitive and specific marker for procainamide-induced lupus. The striking correlation between antibodies to H2A-H2B and symptomatic disease suggests a possible association between this antibody and the underlying pathogenic events.
Controlled Clinical Trial of Methylprednisolone in Patients with Chronic Bronchitis and Acute Respiratory Insufficiency
Authors: RICHARD K. ALBERT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

To evaluate the role of corticosteroids as treatment for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 44 consecutive patients with chronic bronchitis and severe airflow obstruction. All were hospitalized with acute respiratory insufficiency from acute bronchitis. Patients with asthma, atopy, or pneumonia were excluded. Treatment consisted of intravenous aminophylline, inhaled isoproterenol, antibiotics, and either methylprednisolone, 0.5 mg/kg of body weight, or placebo every 6 h intravenously for 72 h. Bedside spirometry was done before and after bronchodilator inhalation three times daily. The methylprednisolone-treated group had a greater improvement in both prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (P < 0.001). More patients with large improvements in their prebronchodilator or postbronchodilator flow rates, or both (≥ 40% by 72 h), received methylprednisolone (P < 0.01). Methylprednisolone improved airflow more than placebo when added to standard therapy in patients with chronic bronchitis and acute respiratory insufficiency.
Lithium Treatment Prevents Neurocognitive Deficit Resulting from Cranial Irradiation
Authors: Eugenia M. Yazlovitskaya, Eric Edwards, Dinesh Thotala, Allie Fu, Kate L. Osusky, William O. Whetsell, Braden Boone, Eric T. Shinohara, Dennis E. Hallahan
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Curative cancer treatment regimens often require cranial irradiation, resulting in lifelong neurocognitive deficiency in cancer survivors. This deficiency is in part related to radiation-induced apoptosis and decreased neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus. We show that lithium treatment protects irradiated hippocampal neurons from apoptosis and improves cognitive performance of irradiated mice. The molecular mechanism of this effect is mediated through multiple pathways, including Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and Bcl-2/Bax. Lithium treatment of the cultured mouse hippocampal neurons HT-22 induced activation of Akt (1.5-fold), inhibition of GSK-3β (2.2-fold), and an increase in Bcl-2 protein expression (2-fold). These effects were sustained when cells were treated with lithium in combination with ionizing radiation. In addition, this combined treatment led to decreased expression (40%) of the apoptotic protein Bax. The additional genes regulated by lithium were identified by microarray, such as decorin and Birc1f. In summary, we propose lithium treatment as a novel therapy for prevention of deleterious neurocognitive consequences of cranial irradiation. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(23): 11179-86)
Sudden death after repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Electrocardiographic and electrophysiologic abnormalities.
Authors: P C Gillette, M A Yeoman, C E Mullins, D G McNamara
Journal: Circulation (1977)

In order to try to determine the mechanism of sudded death in patients after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot, electrocardiographic, intracardiac electrophysiologic, and clinical data of 51 children who had postoperative intracardiac electrophysiologic studies were reviewed. Ninety-four percent had developed right bundle branch block (RBBB) and 16 percent had additional left anterior hemiblock (LAH). Two had had transient complete A-V block (CAVB) and one had permanent CAVB. Six had a first degree A-V block and nine had premature ventricular contractions (PVC). Nine patients were found to have prolonged intra-atrial conduction times, four prolonged A-V nodal conduction, four prolonged His-Purkinje conduction, and five prolonged corrected sinus node recovery times. Patients with first degree A-V block or LAH did not have an increased incidence of abnormalities on electrophysiologic study. No patient with RBBB and LAH developed complete A-V block or died. Three of the nine patients with PVCs died, one of intractable ventricular fibrillation and two suddenly, presumably of dysrhythmia. All three had significant congestive heart failure. Although late complete A-V block occurs and should be watched for, ventricular dysrhythmias in patients with PVCs may be the cause of most sudden deaths after tetralogy repair. We currently are treating all of our postoperative tetralogy patients who have PVCs with quinidine or propranolol.
Follow up of hypertension by family practitioners: Technique should be taught at school
Authors: David Barnes
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Random drug testing in schools fails screening criteriaEditor-Last month the prime minister, Tony Blair, lent his weight to random drug testing in schools in an interview for a downmarket newspaper. 1He proposed a national programme be implemented soon, adhering to unspecified central directives.The Department of Health has 19 criteria for introducing new screening programmes. 2 At least 18 of these 19 criteria are not met for widespread, wide spectrum drug urine analysis in schools.The remaining criterion is that the condition is an important health problem.Drug use in young people is indeed associated with many health risks, 3 but a single, positive urine test, for any illicit drug, is probably not meaningful in a clinical sense.Each schoolchild's context of use (family history, social and emotional development) is crucial to interpreting any supposed "drug career."Use by a homeless pregnant teenage runaway from local authority care with a history of deliberate self harm and high risk sex work to pay for her drugs may be very different from a single experimental use at home with adults during a family party.Three failed criteria are especially pertinent to screening for school age drug use:(1) There should be an agreed policy on the further diagnostic investigation of people with a positive test result and on the choices available to them.(2) There should be an effective treatment or intervention for patients identified through early detection.(3) Clinical management of the condition and patient outcomes should be optimised by all healthcare providers before participation in a screening programme.In three years of experience of school health provision for alcohol and drug problems and their related referral networks I do not know of one school that could satisfy these criteria, especially the underpinning policy of promoting informed choice for children and families. 2
Estrogen Receptors in Bone in a Patient with Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia (McCune-Albright Syndrome)
Authors: Frederick S. Kaplan, Michael D. Fallon, Scott D. Boden, Richard Schmidt, Marilyn Senior, John G. Haddad
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

MOST investigators think that estrogen acts indirectly on bone,1 since direct skeletal action would require the presence of hormone-specific receptors in bone cells.2 , 3 However, recent advances in technology have resulted in a renewed effort to identify estrogen receptors in bone.We describe a patient with the classic McCune–Albright syndrome of sexual precocity, hyperpiglnented skin maculae, and cystic bone lesions.4 , 5 Our patient had rapid progression of two bone lesions during pregnancy. A study of these lesions revealed the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in osteogenic cells — a finding relevant to a possible direct action of estrogen on human bone . . .
Care and Cost Savings at the End of Life
Authors: Joanne Lynn
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —Dr Emanuel's 1 characterization of the methods and findings of SUPPORT (The Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments) might mislead the reader as to the relevance of SUPPORT for understanding costs at the end of life. 2-5 To date, SUPPORT publications on costs have been descriptive of overall costs not related to advance directives or to the end of life. The SUPPORT manuscripts that address the association of advance directives and costs are either in preparation or under review, and it would be premature to comment on these now.  Emanuel describes the SUPPORT intervention as indirect and flawed. The intervention included providing multiple prognostic estimates and reports of patient and family interviews to the physicians and medical records, and providing a specially trained and dedicated nurse to encourage improved information and communication among patient, family, physicians, and care team. 3 The approach was polite,