tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aging Does Not Affect the Activation of the Myocyte Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Autocrine System After Infarction and Ventricular Failure in Fischer 344 Rats
Authors: Wei Cheng, Krzysztof Reiss, Peng Li, Micky J. Chun, Jan Kajstura, Giorgio Olivetti, Piero Anversa
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

To determine whether the attenuation in the growth capacity of myocytes in the overloaded aging heart is associated with an impairment in the activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its receptor (IGF-1R) in the stressed cells, large myocardial infarcts were produced in Fischer 344 rats at 4 and 16 months of age, and the animals were killed 6 hours, 3 days, and 7 days later. After the documentation of cardiac failure, the unaffected myocytes were enzymatically dissociated, and the expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R was measured at these three time points after surgery. The level of expression of IGF-1R mRNA increased at 3 days and remained elevated at 7 days in both age groups. In addition, an increase in IGF-1R protein in these cells was found, with no apparent difference with age. This phenomenon was coupled with an upregulation of IGF-1 mRNA of comparable magnitude in the younger and older animals. In contrast, the increases in the dimensional properties of myocytes were delayed and of smaller magnitude in the older infarcted rats. Moreover, the expression of atrial natriuretic factor, used as a molecular marker of myocyte cellular hypertrophy, was greater at 3 days in 4-month-old rats and at 7 days in 16-month-old rats. Thus, aging may affect the hypertrophic response of myocytes after infarction but has no impact on the ability of the cells to enhance the expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1R, which may sustain only in part the growth reserve mechanisms of the pathological heart.
Pharmacologic Treatment of Downstream of Tyrosine Kinase 7 Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome
Authors: Nanna Witting, John Vissing
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are increasingly recognized as causes of muscle fatigue and weakness. However, treatment of individual syndromes has been described only in small case series.To analyze the information published thus far concerning the effect of pharmacologic treatment of one of the most common subtypes of CMS, downstream of tyrosine kinase 7 (DOK7) CMS.In a search of the PubMed database, we found 16 publications describing the response to medication in 122 individuals with DOK7 deficiency. The last search was performed August 15, 2013. If more than 1 article had been published by the same group, a comparison of the participants in the studies was made, and data appearing more than once were excluded.Positive effects were observed in 6 of 66 patients who received an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, 65 of 69 patients who received ephedrine or salbutamol, 18 of 29 who were given 3,4-diaminopyridine, and 13 of 16 individuals who received a combination of these drugs. Our analysis found no evidence that age at disease onset, age at treatment start, drug dosage, or mutation type influenced treatment results. The magnitude of treatment effect with ephedrine or salbutamol seems to increase gradually, peaking after approximately 6 to 8 months. Treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors resulted in worsened conditions for most patients.This analysis suggests that (1) ephedrine or salbutamol is the first choice of treatment in DOK7 CMS; (2) 3,4-diaminopyridine may provide additional benefi; (3) it is never too late to initiate treatment; and (4) in contrast to acquired myasthenia gravis, treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors should be avoided in DOK7 CMS.
Adolescents and Their Music: Paganini, Satanists, and Insider Trading-Reply
Authors: Elizabeth Brown
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In Reply.—  In response to Mr Di Saia's letter, an exact definition of heavy metal music, or any musical genre for that matter, is difficult because a musical style encompasses a number of features, including the beat, lyrics, and performance styles. The National Academy of Recording Arts and Science, which awards a Grammy in the category of heavy metal music, has no formal definition of this genre. Heavy metal music most often has been characterized as hard driving, dominated by the electric guitar, and heavily amplified. After controlling for modern technology, heavy metal music conceivably could parallel the music of Paganini in an earlier era.  Roe 1 discusses the correlation between poor school performance and preference for rock and punk music. The author studied social background, gender, orientation to parents and peers, interest in popular music and preference for musical genres, television use, future educational plans, and occupational expectations.
Marked decline of coronary heart disease mortality in 35-44-year-old white men in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Authors: L H Kuller, N D Traven, G H Rutan, J A Perper, D G Ives
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality were examined among 35-44-year-old white men during 1970-1986. Death certificates were obtained for 1,216 cases. All were coroner-certified natural deaths and noncoroner-certified deaths due to vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Autopsy data, coroner's reports, hospital records, physician's reports, and informants were used to validate diagnoses. The reviewers rejected 73 of 805 CHD certifications, but they validated 54 cases not certified as CHD on the death certificate as CHD. The CHD mortality rate fell from 90.6/100,000/year in 1970-1972 to 40.3/100,000/year in 1985-1986. Approximately two thirds of the decline was related to a decline in sudden deaths including 41.6% due to incident sudden CHD death. The proportion of diabetics among validated CHD deaths rose dramatically from 6.5% in 1970-1972 to 23.0% in 1985-1986. The CHD mortality rate among diabetics apparently did not decline during the 17 years of the study. We conclude that primary prevention has contributed substantially to the CHD decline in the 35-44-year age group. Better diagnoses and treatment, especially of angina pectoris and of patients after a myocardial infarction, may also have been important. Control of CHD in diabetics must take high priority in further prevention strategies.
Letter: Early thymectomy for myasthenia gravis.
Authors: A E Kark
Journal: BMJ (1975)

associated with schistosomiasis,58 and protozoal infection'9 can pre-empt the immune response to viruses; so it is relevant to ask again whether, in a tropical context, the HB antigen is "the driver or the passenger."There remains the challenging anomaly of Ethiopia, whose uplands, free from widespread schistosomiasis or malaria though not from mould-contaminated staples and herbal medicine traditions,)2' have an impressive incidence of cirrhosis and hepatoma without a prevalence of HB antigenaemia significantly higher than that of the ambient population.2'You are, I would agree, entirely correct in asserting that "the evidence is persuasive enough to add a medical reason to the already pressing socioeconomic indications for improving harvesting techniques and storage conditions for foodstuffs in underdeveloped countries" and, on the next page, that "foreign aid . . .has not always been granted on a basis of real need."Villagelevel improvement of crop storage is a need best met, as in Ethiopia, by what is now called "appropriate technology" rather than large-scale "agribusiness."A multimycotoxin screening procedure is now available,22 but some resistance to local studies on the part of groundnut-exporting countries will have to be overcome before the extent of the problem can be fully known.-Iam, etc.,
Negativization rates of IgE radioimmunoassay and basophil activation test in immediate reactions to penicillins
Authors: T. D. Fernández, M. J. Torres, N. Blanca‐López, J. L. Rodríguez‐Bada, E. Gomez, G. Canto, C. Mayorga, M. Blanca
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Skin test sensitivity in patients with immediate allergy to penicillins tends to decrease over time, but no information is available concerning in vitro tests. We analysed the negativization rates of two in vitro methods that determine specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies, the basophil activation test using flow cytometry (BAT) and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), in immediate allergic reactions to penicillins. Methods: Forty‐one patients with immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin were followed up over a 4‐year period. BAT and RAST were performed at 6‐month intervals. Patients were randomized into groups: Group I, skin tests carried out at regular intervals; Group II, skin tests made only at the beginning of the study. Results: Differences were observed between RAST and BAT ( P &lt; 0.01), the latter showing earlier negativization. Considering different haptens, significant differences for the rate of negativization were only found for amoxicillin ( P &lt; 0.05). Comparisons between Groups I ( n = 10) and II ( n = 31) showed a tendency to become negative later in Group I with RAST. Conclusions: Levels of specific IgE antibodies tended to decrease over time in patients with immediate allergic reactions to amoxicillin. Conversion to negative took longer for the RAST assay, although the differences were only detected with the amoxicillin hapten. Skin testing influenced the rate of negativization of the RAST assay, contributing to maintenance of in vitro sensitivity. Because of the loss of sensitivity over time, the determination of specific IgE antibodies to penicillins in patients with immediate allergic reactions must be done as soon as possible after the reaction.
Comment on ‘differences in the birth-cohort patterns of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer’
Authors: C D Johnson, D Fitzsimmons
Journal: Gut (2011)

The paper by Sonnenberg,1 in a recent issue of Gut , describing a strong cohort effect on the incidence of gastric cancer extends our own observation of a strong cohort effect for gastric but not for pancreatic cancer.2 We examined mortality data for England from 1950, and reported the downward slope of cohort incidence of gastric cancer from 1870. …
'Windows of Opportunity' to Address Patients' Concerns: Too Small and Too Few?
Authors: Stephen C. Brock
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Drs Branch and Malik<sup>1</sup>offer guidance to physicians "who wish to meet their patients' psychological and social as well as medical needs." They discovered in 20 videotaped medical encounters conducted by five experienced internists a total of four occasions when the patient's concerns received more than "acknowledgment with little exploration." Should we be surprised that 16 of the 20 videotaped interviews did not achieve these modest success criteria because (among other reasons offered) a physician may have a "lack of confidence that he or she could deal with a patient's concern and easily make the transition back to medical history taking"? It seems a likely consequence of the biomedical model that has informed both the investigation and the videotaped clinical practice: a model with its notion of "the body as a machine, of disease as a consequence of breakdown of the machine, and the doctor's task
Surgery as satire
Authors: C. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1996)

“This is my body…This is my Software” is an exhibition by the French artist Orlan. It has, as they say, succeeded in stimulating a debate. One comment in the visitors' book berates a “sick, bitter, twisted, sad excuse for an artist (if that's what you call an ugly bitch).”

It isn't hard to see why this 10 year project is controversial—it involves a series of operations (performed, by the use of satellite link ups, in front of an international audience) designed to remodel Orlan's face. Thanks to the attentions of her surgeons, most of her features are now recognisable from classic Western paintings. The gallery is …
A case of multiple skin cancers after occupational exposure to pesticides
Authors: K.D. Anderson, G.V. Scerri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Sir, Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is widely accepted as the major environmental risk factor for nonmelanocytic skin cancers. However, there are relatively few published studies investigating other environmental or occupational exposure risk factors. Arsenic, a component of some older now disused pesticide compounds, has been known to be associated with Bowen's disease and squamous cell carcinoma.1 However, a recent epidemiological study showed an association remains between occupational exposure to insecticides, herbicides and fungicides and rates of squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma.2 We report here a case of multiple skin cancers where there has been repeated direct exposure to pesticides. A 58‐year‐old man presented to his general practitioner (GP) with an ulcerating skin lesion, 4 × 3 cm, in the middle of his back. He had had a lump present there for 2 years and the ulcer had first appeared 5 months before presentation (Fig. 1). The GP referred him through the urgent cancer referral system and he was seen by a consultant dermatologist after 2 days. On further examination he was found to have up to 100 various skin lesions suspected to be squamous and basal cell carcinomas (Fig. 2).
Histologic differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions by ultrasonically guided fine needle biopsy.
Authors: B Limberg, W W Hopker, B Kommerell
Journal: Gut (1987)

Ultrasonically guided fine needle biopsies were carried out in 84 patients with focal liver lesions and were subsequently evaluated histologically. A correct diagnosis of malignancy was made in 46 of 52 patients with proven hepatic malignancy, showing an overall accuracy of 93%. The specificity of the procedure was 100%. Such histological examination not only enables the differentiation between primary and secondary hepatic malignancy; it has the additional advantage of making a more precise tumour description and at the same time it pinpoints the primary site of the tumour.
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: George E. MacDonald, William B. A. Bentley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

THIS report is based on a study of 100 autopsied cases of acute myocardial infarction that occurred during the period of 1940 through 1949. All cases had been admitted to St. Luke's Hospital either because of symptoms referable to myocardial infarction or arteriosclerotic heart disease or for some illness not associated with heart disease per se, in which instance infarction occurred during their period of hospitalization as a major complication.Method of StudyDuring the ten-year period 1940–1949, a total of 1636 autopsies were performed in this hospital. The protocols of all these patients were reviewed as a preliminary step . . .
Abstract 3715: Zoledronic acid inhibits cancer growth and cancer stem cell phenotypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Sung Hee Lee, Reuben Kim, Mo Kang, No-Hee Park, Ki-Hyuk Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Zoledronic acid (ZA), a third generation of bisphosphonates, is known to have both anti-osteolytic and anti-tumor activities. It exerts anti-osteolytic function by interfering with mevalonate pathway and preventing protein prenylation required for growth and survival in osteoclast cells. Also, similar function has been found to induce cancer apoptosis and inhibit cancer growth in bone-related cancer, but its effect on other cancer types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still unclear. In this study, we first monitored the effect of ZA on cancer growth in HNSCC cell lines in vitro. ZA significantly suppressed cancer growth, shown by decreased anchorage independent growth in soft agar assay and diminished cell growth in organotypic raft culture. Because cancer stem cell (CSC; also called tumor-initiating cell) plays a significant role in cancer growth, we further investigated the effect of ZA on CSC in HNSCC. ZA-treated HNSCC cells significantly decreased CSC phenotypes such as sphere forming ability and migratory ability. In SCC4, a tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line, side population and expression of pluripotency marker genes were significantly decreased by ZA. Also, ZA inhibited the CSC-related Sonic Hedgehog pathway in SCC4 as demonstrated by decreased mRNA expression of transcriptional factor, Gli-1. Taken together, our data suggest that ZA targets CSC and hence inhibits cancer growth in HNSCC. Citation Format: Sung Hee Lee, Reuben Kim, Mo Kang, No-Hee Park, Ki-Hyuk Shin. Zoledronic acid inhibits cancer growth and cancer stem cell phenotypes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3715. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3715
The Heart and Cardiovascular System: Scientific Foundations
Authors: Alvin Freiman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This is the second edition of this monumental book, and it was my privilege to have reviewed the first edition. At that time I expressed great concern at a book that purported to describe and define the scientific bases on which cardiology would develop in the future. As the authors themselves have indicated, science, and particularly cardiovascular science, has no definable boundary, and every area of basic science has the potential for influencing developments in unforeseen areas. In addition to basic biological sciences, developments in chemistry, physics, engineering, technology, computers, statistics, and psychology all may provide the substrates leading to growth in cardiology and any other medical subspecialty. In a sense, therefore, the scientific bases for future developments in cardiology are undefinable and unpredictable. It is quite clear that the authors understand this dilemma. They have tried to focus the second edition on the rapidly developing areas of molecular and
Detection of igg sensitization of red cells with <sup>125</sup>I staphylococcal protein A
Authors: Priscilla Yam, Lawrence D. Petz, Peter Spath
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract Most cases of immune hemolytic anemia are associated with a positive direct antiglobulin test. However, in some cases, the antiglobulin test is not sensitive enough to detect low levels of red‐cell bound antibodies. This report describes a method using radiolabelled purified staphylococcal protein A which is capable of detecting IgG sensitization of red cells beyond the threshold of serologic techniques. It is less cumbersome than previously described methods and does not require antibody purification procedures. Its effectiveness was demonstrated for the detection of red‐cell alloantibodies and in evaluation of patients with acquired hemolytic anemias associated with a negative direct antiglobulin test.
Should non-small cell carcinoma of the lung be treated with chemotherapy? Con: therapeutic empiricism--the case against chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: I S Douglas, S R White
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

"Should non-small cell carcinoma of the lung be treated with chemotherapy? Con: therapeutic empiricism--the case against chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.." American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 151(5), pp. 1288–1291
Intestinal absorption of cholecalciferol in alcoholic liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis.
Authors: J M Barragry, R G Long, M W France, M R Wills, B J Boucher, S Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1979)

The intestinal absorption of (3H)cholecalciferol was studied in five patients with alcoholic liver disease, six patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, and 15 healthy subjects. The rate of appearance in plasma of (3H)cholecalciferol after oral ingestion and the subsequent appearance of (3H) polar metabolites in the alcoholic subjects were similar to those in the healthy subjects. In subjects with primary biliary cirrhosis the rate of appearance in plasma of (3H)cholecalciferol was significantly reduced. The rate of appearance of labelled polar metabolites of cholecalciferol was also lower in this group, suggesting that increased removal of labelled vitamin by conversion into more polar metabolites could not account for the reduced plasma (3H)cholecalciferol response. It is suggested that intestinal absorption of cholecalciferol is usually normal in alcoholic liver disease but impaired in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatic 25-hydroxylation is normal in alcoholic liver disease but may be defective in primary biliary cirrhosis.
Human Wrongs: A Children's Hospital Destroyed
Authors: Ezma Zecevic Cermerlic
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for toxoplasmosis
Authors: C Asbury
Journal: BMJ (1994)

leprosy.I referred him to the panel of leprosy opinion, which is a panel of experts appointed by the Department of Health to give advice on the clinical management of leprosy.More importantly, Crawford referred to a meeting between the parliamentary secretary for health and the Thalidomide Action Group.At that meeting Baroness Cumberlege undertook to make known to the medical profession the fact that guidelines on the use of thalidomide are available.Guidance on thalidomide was published in the May issue of Current Problems,2 which is distri- buted to most doctors.This guidance note advises all doctors considering using thalidomide to follow a guideline for the clinical use and distribution of thalidomide,3 which is available from Dr
Reporting Institutional Review Board Approval and Patient Consent
Authors: Carin M. Olson
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The articles by Drs Amdur and Biddle 1 and Dr Rennie and Ms Yank 2 highlight the importance of documenting ethical conduct of research on humans.  We compared their findings with those from our review 3 of comparative interventional studies published between 1966 and 1994 involving patients in cardiopulmonary arrest. Among 47 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, 24 (51%) mentioned approval by an institutional review board (IRB) and 12 (26%) mentioned subjects' consent. The 53 prospective studies on humans recently published in 5 general medical journals described by Rennie and Yank 2 did better: 42% recorded IRB approval, 53% recorded consent, and 32% recorded both (ie, 74% recorded IRB approval and 85% recorded informed consent).  However, some of this difference is due to better reporting over time. In our series, 3 significantly more studies documented IRB approval and consent during more recent years. For example, all studies