tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CALCIUM METABOLISM IN A CASE OF GARGOYLISM, STUDIED WITH THE AID OF RADIOCALCIUM1
Authors: Felix Bronner, Clemens E. Benda, Robert S. Harris, Joseph Kreplick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)

A number of studies have been reported on the fate of radiocalcium (Ca-45) in humans (1-12), but none have included chemical analyses of the concentration of Ca-45 in the skeleton and in such tissues as liver, brain, or intestinal tract.We are now reporting the results of a metabolic study with Ca-45 performed on a 10 year old patient with terminal gargoylism.The analyses, of peri- odic samples of serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and feces obtained during the patient's illness and of various tissues removed at necropsy 16 days after the administration of Ca-45 have made it possible to formulate a relatively complete picture of the calcium metabolism of this individual, although the lack of comparable information makes it difficult to evaluate whether and how gargoylism modified the calcium metabolism of our patient.Gargoylism is now well recognized clinically (13), but its pathogenesis is largely unknown.Evidence is accumulating (14-19) to indicate that gargoylism is a storage disease, characterized by the accumulation of abnormal types (20) and quantities of mucopolysaccharides in a large va- riety of tissues, notably liver and spleen.Recently, it was proposed that polysaccharides, such as chondroitin sulfate, are involved in the calcification process in bone and cartilage [see Am- prino (21) for a review of the evidence].Al- though gargoylism appears to be characterized by a defect in structural polysaccharides, it is possible
1010-138 Prosthetic endocarditis: Which therapy for which patient?
Authors: Gilbert H Habib, Christophe Tribouilloy, Franck Thuny, Amel Brahim, Murielle Amazouz, Georges Nadji, Jean-François Avierinos, Jean-Paul Casalta, François Coviaux, Pierre Ambrosi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Contemporary consensus proposal on criteria and classification of eosinophilic disorders and related syndromes
Authors: Peter Valent, Amy D. Klion, Hans-Peter Horny, Florence Roufosse, Jason Gotlib, Peter F. Weller, Andrzej Hellmann, Georgia Metzgeroth, Kristin M. Leiferman, Michel Arock, Joseph H. Butterfield, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Karl Sotlar, Peter Vandenberghe, Torsten Haferlach, Hans-Uwe Simon, Andreas Reiter, Gerald J. Gleich
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
MUCOUS COLITIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO APPENDICITIS AND PERICOLITIS, WITH REMARKS UPON ITS TREATMENT BY IRRIGATION (PLOMBIERES BATH)
Authors: A. Mantle
Journal: BMJ (1908)

MUCOUS COLITIS.. [JuLY II[, I908 but, instead of the arms being flexed, they were extended, but could be easily .flexed.I believe this was an after-condition of the flexios, and not a new condition.The daughter told me that the corners of the mouth had been again drawn up, giving her an idiotic grin.I formed an unfavourable opinion of her, and told the daughter that I did not think she would recover.She died quite quietly at 1 a.m. CASE II.A woman over 60, addicted to alcohol.Had marked gastric dilatation, and her convulsions were similar to those in Uase I, but she was conscious during the attacks.Subsequent to the first attack there was paresis of the left side of the face an(d the body.The naso-labial fold on the left si(le was smoothed out and saliva leaked.The left arm and left leg were paretic.The knee-jerk was present, but reacted very weaklv on this side.
Angiographic and clinical predictors of acute closure after native vessel coronary angioplasty.
Authors: S G Ellis, G S Roubin, S B King, J S Douglas, W S Weintraub, R G Thomas, W R Cox
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To determine predictors of acute coronary closure after PTCA performed with steerable catheter systems, we compared 140 procedures complicated by acute closure and 311 representative successful attempts from 4,772 procedures performed between April 1982 and March 1986. Sixteen clinical, 35 angiographic, and seven procedural variables were analyzed. Multivariate analysis found seven independent preprocedural factors related to closure: stenosis length of 2 or more luminal diameters, female gender, stenosis at a bend point of 45 degrees or more, stenosis at a branch point, stenosis-associated thrombus (filling defect or staining), other stenoses in the same vessel, and multivessel disease. In addition, four procedural factors were found to be associated with closure by univariate analysis: post-PTCA percent stenosis (p less than .001), intimal tear or dissection (p less than .001), use of prolonged heparin infusion (p less than .001), and post-PTCA gradient of 20 mm Hg or more (p = .004). Multivariate analysis of both preprocedural and procedural variables found six factors independently related to closure: post-PTCA percent stenosis, dissection, prolonged post-PTCA use of heparin, branch point location, fixed bend point location, and other stenoses in the vessel dilated. The risk of coronary closure after PTCA has many determinants. While an estimation of risk can be made before performing PTCA, the most powerful predictors of closure can only be assessed during the procedure itself.
Pericardial Tumor or Fibrosis Mimicking Pericardial Effusion by Echocardiography
Authors: ARTHUR MILLMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Echocardiograms of three patients with metastatic carcinoma or lymphoma showed a sonolucent space posterior to the left ventricular epicardium, as seen in pericardial effusion. However, at surgery or autopsy no pericardial fluid was found. Instead, the pericardium was infiltrated by neoplastic tissue or fibrosis. In view of this finding, we suggest caution in the interpretation of "positive" echocardiograms for pericardial effusion in patients with neoplastic disease, especially if pericardiocentesis is being considered.
Ectopic Thoracic Kidney
Authors: Vincent S. Mikoloski
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Some types of renal ectopia are not uncommon, but thoracic kidney on the right side is rare. Campbell speaks of 23 known thoracic kidneys.<sup>1</sup>In a recent article, Hertz and Shanin<sup>2</sup>bring to 37 the number of reported cases diagnosed during the life of the patient. Most of these patients had kidney ectopia on the left side. Because of the rarity of site, and the ease with which an intrathoracic kidney can be confused with another intrathoracic-space-occupying lesion, this case deserves attention. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An obese, hypertensive 48-year-old woman was admitted to the Worcester (Mass) City Hospital with repeated episodes of substernal pain and tightness, headache, dizziness, and nausea. Several hours before the patient's admission, dizziness was followed by unconsciousness for a few minutes. She was known to have had untreated hypertension for many years, and the blood pressure of 190/130 mm Hg
Nitric oxide suppresses transforming growth factor-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes
Authors: Xinchao Pan, Xunde Wang, Weiwei Lei, Lihua Min, Yanan Yang, Xin Wang, Jianguo Song
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional regulator that is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes. Here we report that administration of NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) inhibited transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes. Overexpression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) by transfection of the iNOS-expressing vector, which increased NO production, also inhibited the TGF-beta1-induced EMT and apoptosis in these cells. Treatment of cells with proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and interferon (IFN)-gamma, which increased the endogenous NO production, produced the same inhibitory effect. Furthermore, exogenous NO donor SNAP treatment caused a decrease in the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. Consistently, depletion of intracellular ATP by mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) inhibited the TGF-beta1-induced EMT and apoptosis, suggesting that an NO-induced decrease of ATP involved in the NO-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta1-induced EMT and apoptosis. NO and FCCP also inhibited TGF-beta1-induced STAT3 activation, suggesting that signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inactivation is involved in the NO-induced effects on TGF-beta1-induced EMT and apoptosis.Our study indicates that NO plays an important role in the inhibition of TGF-beta1-induced EMT and apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes through the downregulation of intracellular ATP levels. The data provide an insight into the in vivo mechanisms on the function of NO during the processes of both EMT and apoptosis.
Impaired lung function and lung cancer incidence in a cohort of Swedish construction workers
Authors: M. P Purdue, L. Gold, B. Jarvholm, M. C R Alavanja, M. H Ward, R. Vermeulen
Journal: Thorax (2006)

Although impaired lung function in general has been associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, past studies typically have not attempted to investigate separately the obstructive and restrictive components of respiratory impairment. To deal with this question further, data from a large (n = 176 997) cohort of male Swedish construction workers, for whom spirometry measurements before follow-up were available, were analysed.Cancer incidence for 1971-2001 was obtained through linkage with the national cancer registry. Using a modification of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), subjects were classified into five categories of lung function: normal, mild COPD, moderate COPD, severe COPD and restrictive lung disease (RLD). Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer across lung function categories were calculated using Poisson regression, adjusted for age and smoking. Other end points (histological types of lung cancer, non-lung tobacco-related cancers, other cancers, total mortality) were also investigated.834 incident cases of lung cancer were identified. Increased rates of lung cancer were observed for both COPD (mild: RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.9; moderate/severe: RR 2.2, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.7) and RLD (RR 2.0, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.5) relative to normal lung function. These associations did not meaningfully change on applying follow-up lag times of 5, 10 and 15 years after spirometry. When analysed by histological type, associations with both COPD and RLD were stronger for squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma, and weaker for adenocarcinoma. Both COPD and RLD were associated with increased rates of total mortality.Obstructive and restrictive impairments in lung function are associated with increased lung cancer risk.
Doctors condemn “patient choice” initiative as no real choice at all
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

BMA conference delegates condemned the government's initiative to increase patients' choice as failing to deliver real choice to patients and voted overwhelmingly against the expansion of private treatment centres, which they said were draining resources from NHS hospitals.

Dr Chaand Nagpaul, a GP in north London, proposed two motions at the BMA's annual representatives' conference in Llandudno this week questioning the value of the initiative and private treatment centres.

He called the government's plan to give patients a choice of four or five centres in which to have their operation a “political gimmick” that failed to deliver what patients wanted from the health …
Thyroid Function, Thyroid Immunoglobulin Status, and Urinary Iodine Excretion after Enteral Contrast-Agent Administration by Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: None Fassbender, None Vogel, None Doppl, None Stracke, None Bretzel, None Klör
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence of clinically relevant changes in thyroid function after enteral administration of contrast agent by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).In this study 70 patients without a history of thyroid disease who had not recently undergone thyroid-specific or thyroid-influencing therapy were examined. Patients were examined on two or three occasions using a standardized questionnaire regarding symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The parameters of thyroid function (TT3, TT4, FT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)) and urinary iodine excretion were measured on day 0 and on day 21 post-ERCP, and in 23 patients additionally on day 42 post-ERCP. Based on ultrasonographic results, four groups differing in thyroid morphology were distinguished.The data show that an average amount of only 4.7 g of enterally applied iodine is associated with a lasting decrease of TSH, especially in patients with enlarged organs with nodular transformation. As far as TT3 is concerned, there was a significant increase in all patient groups; regarding FT4 we only observed a marked increase in the group with enlarged, nodular thyroid glands. There was a notable increase in urinary iodine excretion on day 21, and a further increase on day 42 post-ERCP. Clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism did not occur.We conclude that before administration of iodine-containing contrast agent for ERCP in patients without a history of thyroid disease, thyroid ultrasonographic examination, rather than TSH measurements, should be performed, in order to identify patients already at risk for hyperthyroidism before diagnostic enteral contrast-medium application.
Osteoporosis and Corticoid Drugs
Authors: PAUL D. SAVILLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Editorial Notes1 December 1970Osteoporosis and Corticoid DrugsPAUL D. SAVILLE, M.D.PAUL D. SAVILLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-6-1038_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOsteoporosis with fracture is an integral part of Cushing's syndrome when caused by adrenal tumor or hyperplasia. The mechanisms responsible have been unclear, but Follis (1), using standard morphological techniques, noted very few osteoblasts and no osteoclasts in osteoporotic bone from autopsy specimens. Sissons (2) described diminished osteoblasts on bone surfaces and a scarcity of osteoid borders. Both investigators concluded that impaired bone formation was an important component of the bone disease in Cushing's syndrome. Sisson's finding of retarded fracture callus formation has been confirmed experimentally in animals. Recently Jowsey and Riggs (3) studied undecalcified sections of bone labeled...References1. FOLLIS R: The pathology of the osseous changes in Cushing's syndrome in an infant and in adults. Bull Hopkins Hosp 88:440, 1951 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SISSONS H: The osteoporosis of Cushing's syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg [Brit] 38b:418, 1956 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. JOWSEYRIGGS JB: Bone formation in hypercortisonism. Acta Endocr (Kobenhavn) 63:21, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BRADLEYANSSELL BB: Fractures in Still's disease. Ann Rheum Dis 19:135, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MCCONKEYFRASERBLIGH BGJ: Osteoporosis and purpura in rheumatoid disease: prevalence and relation to treatment with corticosteroids. Quart J Med 31:419-427, 1962 Google Scholar6. SAVILLEKHARMOSH PO: Osteoporosis of rheumatoid arthritis: influence of age, sex and corticosteroids. Arthritis Rheum 10:423-430, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Metabolic Research Unit Creighton University Department of Internal Medicine Omaha, Neb. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySox21 Regulates Anapc10 Expression and Determines the Fate of Ectodermal OrganRadiological patterns of cortical bone modelling in women with chronic liver diseaseMode of action of cortisol on bone resorption in fetal rat fibulae cultured in vitroGlucocorticoid hormone actionChanges in corticosteroid usage by chronic asthma patients during a year of cromoglycate treatment 1 December 1970Volume 73, Issue 6Page: 1038-1038KeywordsAdrenal tumorsAutopsyBoneDrugsOsteoclastsOsteoporosis Issue Published: 1 December 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Amiodarone Pulmonary Toxicity
Authors: FRANCIS E. MARCHLINSKI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Pulmonary toxicity may occur in association with amiodarone hydrochloride therapy. The clinical features of the pulmonary involvement are mild dyspnea, leukocytosis, hypoxemia, elevation in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and restrictive changes on pulmonary function testing. Diffuse interstitial and patchy peripheral alveolar infiltrates, which may frequently involve the upper lobes, characterize the radiologic findings. Accumulation of foamy macrophages in alveolar spaces, hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes, and widening of alveolar septae are noted histologically. Ultrastructural examination shows granular and lamellar membranous structures within distended lysosomes. With cessation of amiodarone therapy and treatment with corticosteroids, clinical symptoms and radiographic abnormalities resolve. The time interval for resolution of radiographic changes appears to be greater than 2 months. The precise role of corticosteroid therapy remains unknown in light of pathologic findings suggesting a metabolic rather than immunologic basis for the toxicity.
Intravenous lidocaine and oral mexiletine block reflex bronchoconstriction in asthmatic subjects.
Authors: H Groeben, W M Foster, R H Brown
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Stimulation of the airways of asthmatic individuals causes severe bronchoconstriction, which is in part neurally mediated via the vagus nerve. Local anesthetics are commonly administered to prevent this reflex-induced bronchoconstriction. Therefore, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study, we tested the effectiveness of oral mexiletine and intravenous lidocaine at blocking histamine-induced reflex bronchoconstriction. Fifteen subjects with mild asthma were selected (for whom the provocative concentration of histamine aerosol causing a 20% decrease in FEV1 (PC20) was less than 18 mg/ml). Subsequently, the subjects were pretreated with oral mexiletine, intravenous lidocaine, or placebo, and the histamine challenges were repeated. The baseline PC20 for histamine was 8.8 +/- 1.8 mg/ml. Mexiletine and lidocaine at therapeutic serum concentrations blocked reflex bronchoconstriction. Oral mexiletine increased the PC20 to 21.1 +/- 5.0 mg/ml (serum concentration: 0.7 +/- 0.05 microg/ml). Likewise, intravenous lidocaine increased the PC20 to 24.5 +/- 4.9 mg/ml (serum concentration: 2.6 +/- 0.15 microg/ml). Oral mexiletine and intravenous lidocaine block reflex-induced bronchoconstriction. Furthermore, mexiletine may have additional airway benefits when selected for the treatment of dysrhythmias or chronic pain in patients with coexisting lung diseases.
Fungal and atopic sensitization are low among farmers in the Agricultural Health Study
Authors: Stacy M. Endres, Brett J. Green, Paul K. Henneberger, Dori R. Germolec, Toni A. Bledsoe, Donald H. Beezhold, Stephanie J. London, Michael C. Alavanja, Laura E. Beane Freeman, Jane A. Hoppin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Chlorhexidine and Contaminants
Authors: A. ROSENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 June 1976Chlorhexidine and ContaminantsA. ROSENBERG, M.D., S.D. ALATARY, B.S.A. ROSENBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, S.D. ALATARY, B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-6-752 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their otherwise excellent review article on the importance of handwashing in preventing nosocomial infections (Ann Intern Med83:683-690, 1975), Steere and Mallison have perpetuated an incorrect conclusion regarding the antiseptic agent, chlorhexidine. This agent, which has been available for 20 years in Britain and Europe, is marketed in several formulations by ICI Limited, England. There is not, and never has been, any evidence that the detergent solution (Hibiscrub⌖) or the alcoholic solutions are susceptible to contaminants. The report (1) on which these authors base their remarks states that the contaminated solutions were very low concentration (0.05%)...Reference1. BURDONWHITBY DJ: Contamination of hospital disinfectants with Pseudomonas species. Br Med J 2:153-156, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. MITCHELLHAYWARD RA: Postoperative urinary-tract infections caused by contaminated irrigating fluid. Lancet 1:793-795, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. DULAKEKIDD CE: Contaminated irrigating fluid. Lancet 1:980, 1966 CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: ICI United States Inc. Clinical Research Department Wilmington, DE 19897 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byComparison of Three Skin Preparation Techniques in the Dog Part 1: Experimental TrialTopical antisepticsSterile Technique and the Prevention of Wound Infection in Office Surgery-Part IISurgical antiseptics 1 June 1976Volume 84, Issue 6Page: 752-753KeywordsAlcoholicsAttentionNosocomial infections Issue Published: 1 June 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of Remission Clinics in the Longitudinal Treatment of CKD
Authors: Piero Ruggenenti, Elena Perticucci, Paolo Cravedi, Vincenzo Gambara, Marco Costantini, Sanjib Kumar Sharma, Annalisa Perna, Giuseppe Remuzzi
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Heavy proteinuria is a major determinant of progression to ESRD for patients with chronic nephropathies and reducing proteinuria should be a key target for renoprotective therapy. In the Remission Clinic, we applied a multimodal intervention to target urinary proteins in 56 consecutive patients who had >3 g proteinuria/d despite angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy. We compared the rate of GFR decline and incidence of ESRD in this cohort with 56 matched historical reference subjects who had received conventional therapy titrated to a target BP. During a median follow-up of 4 yr, the monthly rate of GFR decline was significantly lower in the Remission Clinic cohort (median -0.17 versus -0.56 ml/min per 1.73 m2; P < 0.0001), and ESRD events were significantly reduced (3.6 versus 30.4% reached ESRD). Follow-up BP, cholesterol, and proteinuria were lower in Remission Clinic patients than in reference subjects, such that disease remission or regression was achieved in up to 50% of patients who would have been otherwise expected to progress rapidly to ESRD on conventional therapy. Proteinuria reduction independently predicted a slower rate of GFR decline and ESRD incidence, but response to treatment differed depending on the underlying disease. Regarding safety, no patient was with drawn because of hyperkalemia. In summary, multidrug treatment titrated to urinary protein level can be safely and effectively applied to normalize proteinuria and to slow the loss of renal function significantly,especially among patients without type 2 diabetes and with otherwise rapidly progressing chronic nephropathies.