tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Digitalis Effects On Exercise Test
Authors: James Y. Bradfield
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reference to the Question and Answer relating to digitalis effect on the ECG exercise test (<b>217</b>:485, 1971), using a generally accepted criterion of a positive ECG response to exercise, ie, flat or downsloping ST-segment in one or more post-exercise lead, equal to or greater than 1.0 mm in magnitude, normal persons given digitalis often may show "pseudo-positive" exercise ECGs even though the control tracing reveals little or no digitalis effects on the ST-segments. Illustrative cases are reported by Kawai and Hultgren (<i>Amer Heart J</i><b>68</b>:409, 1964). Their article contains other pertinent bibliographic references.
Treatment of Uremic Pericarditis
Authors: Andre N. Minuth
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  The use of polyethylene catheter in pericardial drainage 1 also found application in the treatment of uremic pericarditis in the early part of this decade, 2-4 when it was also used to inject steroids and was left in place up to 26 days. Buselmeier et al 5 have published numerous articles from 1973 through the present (240:1358, 1978) reporting their experience with this technique. Although the incidence of pericarditis occurring in the well-dialyzed patient during three months seems to be on the decline, this technique seems to have helped reduce, if not make unnecessary, subjecting these patients to pericardiectomies. Two items regarding the report of Buselmeier et al require comment.  None of our patients required pericardiectomies, whether or not indomethacin 6 was used. During the past four years, only one patient in my care required a pericardiocentesis, which yielded about 800 mL of serosanguineous fluid. The occurrence
Review of Brad Spellberg,<i>Rising Plague: The Global Threat from Deadly Bacteria and Our Dwindling Arsenal to Fight Them</i><sup>1</sup>
Authors: Jonny Anomaly
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2010)

In Rising Plague, Brad Spellberg sets out to accomplish two goals: to show us how urgent the problem of antibiotic resistance has become, and to offer specific policy proposals for stimulating the ...
Pain in the face.
Authors: J. Braham
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Certainly the general practitioner of the future has a proper part to play in an inte- grated maternity service, accepting with all other participants, including the consultant, a proper measure of responsibility for the aspect of the service that he is best trained and qualified to undertake.An awareness of individual responsibility and limitation should remove completely any thought of "loss of face."Further education of the patient seems to me to be a necessary part of the responsibility of us all.-Iam, etc.,
All-cause and liver-related mortality in HIV positive subjects compared to the general population: Differences by HCV co-infection
Authors: Victoria Hernando, Santiago Perez-Cachafeiro, Charlotte Lewden, Juan Gonzalez, Ferran Segura, Jose Antonio Oteo, Rafael Rubio, David Dalmau, Santiago Moreno, Julia del Amo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
THE ALKALINE TIDE IN URINE, AGAIN
Authors: A. L. Benedict
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the article of Drs. Hubbard and Munford inThe Journal, February 3, it is remarkable that a substantial agreement in experience leads to so wide a divergence of opinion. In estimating the personal equation, it must be admitted that I have often been criticized for being too literal and pragmatic. While my letter inThe Journal, Dec. 9, 1922, referred to the possibility of an alkaline tide in a "transcendental sense," the term alkaline to me means a change of color with phenolphthalein requiring an appreciable addition of acid to discharge it. The same personal tendency makes me eliminate certain of Browning's poems over which many persons pore for hours, and litmus as an indicator, whereas Drs. Hubbard and Munford have been more patient and have presented a beautiful table of correspondences in the amphoteric reaction. Their method of estimating acidity directly in terms of
A role for interleukin 4 in the differentiation of mature T cell receptor gamma/delta + cells from human intrathymic T cell precursors.
Authors: A Bárcena, M L Toribio, L Pezzi, C Martínez
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

We have analyzed the effect of human recombinant interleukin 4 (rIL-4) on the growth and differentiation of human intrathymic pre-T cells (CD7+2+1-3-4-8-). We describe that this population of T cell precursors proliferates in response to rIL-4 (in the absence of mitogens or other stimulatory signals) in a dose-dependent way. The IL-4-induced proliferation is independent of the IL-2 pathway, as it cannot be inhibited with an anti-IL-2 receptor alpha chain antibody. In our culture conditions, rIL-4 also promotes the differentiation of pre-T cells into phenotypically mature T cells. Although both CD3/T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha/beta + and CD3-gamma/delta + T cells were obtained, the preferential differentiation into TCR-gamma/delta + cells was a consistent finding. These results suggest that, in addition to IL-2, IL-4 plays a critical role in promoting growth and differentiation of intrathymic T cell precursors at early stages of T cell development.
Restoration of immunity in lymphopenic individuals with cancer by vaccination and adoptive T-cell transfer
Authors: Aaron P Rapoport, Edward A Stadtmauer, Nicole Aqui, Ashraf Badros, Julio Cotte, Lisa Chrisley, Elizabeth Veloso, Zhaohui Zheng, Sandra Westphal, Rebecca Mair, Nina Chi, Bashi Ratterree, Mary Francis Pochran, Sabrina Natt, Joanne Hinkle, Cheryl Sickles, Ambika Sohal, Kathleen Ruehle, Christian Lynch, Lei Zhang, David L Porter, Selina Luger, Chuanfa Guo, Hong-Bin Fang, William Blackwelder, Kim Hankey, Dean Mann, Robert Edelman, Carl Frasch, Bruce L Levine, Alan Cross, Carl H June
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Electronic fetal monitoring: how necessary?
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Intrapartum hypoxia causes about 30% of cerebral palsy and 10% of severe mental retardation, according to recent estimates. It is also responsible for an undetermined number of fetal deaths. Decreases in the oxygen supply can often be detected before it is too late by changes in the fetal heart rate; auscultation of the fetal heart rate with a fetal stethoscope has been done for years. However, studies have shown this method to be subject to error at extremely high and low rates—precisely where it is most important to be accurate. Hence, work began in the late 1950s to design an electronic means of quantitating the fetal heart rate. The technique has developed and expanded rapidly. As now practiced, electronic monitoring involves either placing electrodes on the fetus' scalp to record the ECG or measuring fetal heartbeat with an ultrasonic transducer placed on the mother's abdomen. Simultaneous measurement of uterine contractions
Stop “micromanaging” health care, says Tory leader
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The leader of the Conservative party, David Cameron, wants to take the politics out of the management of the NHS by getting rid of centrally imposed and politically motivated targets.

   ![][1] 

The Conservative party's leader, David Cameron: “We will allow professionals to make the important judgments” 

Credit: TIM OCKENDEN/PA/EMPICS

That was his message to a meeting last Monday at a Conservative health policy forum hosted in London by the health policy think …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
The Door to the Book
Authors: William K. Beatty
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The early history of the title page is well documented in the British Museum, where the crimes of probably the greatest biblioclast of all time are preserved in a series of innocent-looking scrapbooks. John Bagford spent most of his life (1650-1716) collecting material for a history of printing. He did this by tearing the title pages or representative pages of text out of thousands of books. His search for material took him over much of England and Europe. He obtained his books by purchase, borrowing, or outright theft. After tearing out the pages he wanted, he had no further interest in the books themselves. Since Bagford's "collection" amounts to more than 20,000 pages, he left a large number of mutilated books along the way. Many of these volumes can still be found in libraries or even on the market. For this reason book collectors have justification for anathematizing Bagford's name
Peripheral Glucose Utilization in Man After Insulin Injection into Peripheral and Portal Circulation.
Authors: Selim Baruh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

s1 May 1969Peripheral Glucose Utilization in Man After Insulin Injection into Peripheral and Portal Circulation.Selim Baruh, M.D.Selim Baruh, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-70-5-1100_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe site and rate of entry of insulin into the body may affect its metabolic actions. This study tested for the first time in man the hypothesis that the mode of action of endogenous insulin differs from peripherally injected insulin.In 11 nondiabetic and 6 diabetic patients we compared the effects on peripheral glucose utilization of the following: [1] glucagon-free insulin rapidly injected and slowly infused into the portal circulation via percutaneous splenic puncture; [2] peripheral intravenous insulin; and [3] peripheral intravenous sodium tolbutamide. The arteriovenous glucose difference (AV) and AV/A ratios were calculated as values for measuring peripheral glucose... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Selim Baruh, M.D.Affiliations: Jamaica, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1969Volume 70, Issue 5Page: 1100-1100KeywordsGlucoseInsulinSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Stereospecific transport of triiodothyronine from plasma to cytosol and from cytosol to nucleus in rat liver, kidney, brain, and heart.
Authors: J H Oppenheimer, H L Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

We have investigated the transport of L- and D-triiodothyronine (T3) from plasma to cellular cytoplasm and from cytoplasm to nucleus by estimating the concentration of free hormone in these compartments in rat liver, kidney, brain, and heart. We assessed the distribution of T3 in various tissues and its metabolism by standard isotopic techniques and measured plasma and cytosolic tissue T3 by radioimmunoassay. In addition, we determined the fraction of radiosensitive T3 associated with the cytosol in individual tissues and estimated the cytosolic volume per gram of tissue. Equilibrium dialysis allowed us to determine the binding power of cytosols and plasma, and in vitro saturation techniques provided values for the affinity (ka) for L- and D-T3 of isolated nuclei in aqueous solution at 37 degrees C. We calculated the free cytosolic hormone from the product of cytosolic T3 and the binding power of cytosol for T3, and the free intranuclear T3 from the ka and previously determined ratio of occupied-to-unoccupied binding sites under steady state conditions in euthyroid animals. Our results showed that the free cytosolic/free plasma concentrations for L-T3 and D-T3, respectively, were: liver 2.8, 21.6; kidney 1.17, 63.3; heart 1.31, 1.58; brain 0.86, 0.24. The free nuclear/free cytosolic ratios for L-T3 and D-T3, respectively, were: liver 58.2, 3.70; kidney 55.9, 1.54; heart 80.6, 24.9; and brain 251, 108.6. Our findings suggest that stereospecific transport occurs both from plasma to cytosol and from cytosol to nucleus. The high gradients from cytosol to nucleus imply that there is an energy-dependent process and appear to account for the differences in the nuclear association constant determined in vivo and in vitro.
Thein vitro production of Dane-like particles: Is it live or memorex?
Authors: Francis A. Farraye, Jerome B. Zeldis
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

Closed-circular HBV DNA was introduced into cells of the established human hepatoma culture HepG2. The culture medium of one of 40 single-cell clones contained HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), core-related antigens (HBc/eAg), and HBV DNA sequences. HBV DNA and DNA polymerase activity were detected in particles resembling both nucleocapsids and complete virions (Dane particles). Intracellular integrated and extrachromosomal HBV DNA sequences were detected. Relaxed-circular and single-stranded forms of viral DNA were identified as likely replicative intermediates of the HBV genome. In conclusion, in vitro production of Dane-like particles by transformed human hepatocytes has been achieved. This model should be valuable as a cell culture system for studying virus replication and virus-host cells interactions.
Ligands for natural killer cell–activating receptors are expressed upon the maturation of normal myelomonocytic cells but at low levels in acute myeloid leukemias
Authors: Pegah Nowbakht, Mihai-Constantin S. Ionescu, Andreas Rohner, Christian P. Kalberer, Emmanuel Rossy, Lucia Mori, David Cosman, Gennaro De Libero, Aleksandra Wodnar-Filipowicz
Journal: Blood (2005)
Injuries to Dutch sport parachutists.
Authors: P J Steinberg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1988)

From 1981 to 1985 193,611 jumps were made by sport parachutists in the Netherlands. Of these 267 (0.14%) resulted in injuries including 4 fatalities. In this report the different types of injuries and their causes are discussed and comments are given in relation to training, selection, precautions and equipment, as well as upon accident registration and possible modifications.
Determinants of Disease Presentation and Outcome during Cryptococcosis: The CryptoA/D Study
Authors: Françoise Dromer, Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier, Odile Launay, Olivier Lortholary
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Cryptococcosis is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection in both HIV-positive and -negative patients. Information on clinical presentation and therapeutic guidelines, derived mostly from clinical trials performed before introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in patients with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, is missing data on extrameningeal involvement and infections by serotype D as opposed to serotype A of Cryptococcus neoformans.The prospective multicenter study CryptoA/D was designed in France (1997-2001) to analyse the factors influencing clinical presentation and outcome without the bias of inclusion into therapeutic trials. Of the 230 patients enrolled, 177 (77%) were HIV-positive, 50 (22%) were female, and 161 (72.5%) were infected with serotype A. Based on culture results at baseline, cryptococcosis was more severe in men, in HIV-positive patients, and in patients infected with serotype A. Factors independently associated with mycological failure at week 2 independent of HIV status were initial dissemination (OR, 2.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-4.9]), high (>1:512) serum antigen titre (OR, 2.6 [1.3-5.4]), and lack of flucytosine during induction therapy (OR, 3.8 [1.9-7.8]). The three-month survival was shorter in patients with abnormal neurology or brain imaging at baseline, and in those with haematological malignancy.Thus sex, HIV status, and infecting serotype are major determinants of presentation and outcome during cryptococcosis. We propose a modification of current guidelines for the initial management of cryptococcosis based on systematic fungal burden evaluation.
Positron Emission Tomography-Measured Abnormal Responses of Myocardial Blood Flow to Sympathetic Stimulation Are Associated With the Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Thomas H. Schindler, Egbert U. Nitzsche, Heinrich R. Schelbert, Manfred Olschewski, James Sayre, Michael Mix, Ingo Brink, Xiao-Li Zhang, Michael Kreissl, Nobuhisa Magosaki, Hanjoerg Just, Ulrich Solzbach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome is caused by a 40-kb upstream duplication that leads to increased and ectopic expression of the BMP antagonist GREM1
Authors: Emma Jaeger, Simon Leedham, Annabelle Lewis, Stefania Segditsas, Martin Becker, Pedro Rodenas Cuadrado, Hayley Davis, Kulvinder Kaur, Karl Heinimann, Kimberley Howarth, James East, Jenny Taylor, Huw Thomas, Ian Tomlinson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Markers for eosinophils and T‐lymphocytes as predictors of late asthmatic response
Authors: B. Schmekel, P. Venge
Journal: Allergy (1993)

Bronchial allergen challenge was performed on 12 allergic asthmatics during a stable phase of their disease. After resolution of the immediate bronchial response, fractional lung lavage was performed twice, two and 24 h post‐challenge. The recovery of eosinophils, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil chemotactic activity (ECA) and immunohistochemical staining of the phenotypically distinct population stainable by the monoclonal antibody CD45R0, agreed to indicate T‐memory cells, were assessed in the two lavages. Serial measurements of lung function, and serum concentration of ECP were also done. We found that although the recoveries in bronchial washes of eosinophil cells and ECP tended to increase during the trial, none of these variables predicted the emergence of late phase bronchial response (LPR). Instead, the proportion in the 2‐h lavages, of memory‐cells or ECA predicted the LPR. These two variables were inversely correlated to each other in the first lavage, suggesting the T‐cells to be potential major sources of ECA. The fact that T‐cells and ECA, but not markers for eosinophil activation in lavage, predicted the LPR, may suggest T‐cell activation to preceed the activation of the eosinophils within the lung after a bronchial allergen challenge. There was a close correlation between LPR and serum concentration of ECP obtained at the end of the trial, 24 h post‐challenge, suggesting either a delayed or a continuous activation of circulating eosinophils after bronchial allergen challenge.
T cell IL-5 production in vitro in response to candida albicans acid protease is associated with isolated late asthmatic response upon inhalation challenge in a group of nonatopic asthmatics+
Authors: Akio Mori, Yasuko Ikeda, Masami Taniguchi, Maki Hasegawa, Yuji Maeda, Haruhisa Mita, Kazuo Akiyama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Estrogen Receptor Assay-Reply
Authors: David T. Kiang
Journal: JAMA (1977)

In Reply.—  Two crucial points regarding the use and interpretation of   results should be brought up after reading Dr Tashima's letter: (1) one should not accept the  results readily without understanding the method of assays, and (2) one should not depend on   assay solely and neglect the importance of clinical information as a whole in the management of patients.  In the quoted report of McClendon et al, 1 estrogen receptor in five colonic neoplasms were all less than 70 fmole/g of tissue. According to our experience and that of others, 2 a substantial 8 S  peak usually could not be identified with confidence by sucrose gradient method when the  level was below 3 fmole/mg cytosol protein, or equivalent to about 100 fmole/g of tissue. Any claim for the presence of  receptors below this level should be supported by Scatchard analysis and K
Some General Results of Affections of the Nose and Naso-Pharynx
Authors: W. S. Syme
Journal: BMJ (1904)

With regard to clothing, thin flannel is the coolest wear in the hottest tropical weather, especially in a damp heat, and cotton drill and satin jean, smart though they look, should be avoided.I am strongly in disfavour of alcoholic drinks at sea, except, perhaps, in cases of atonic dyspepsia.In malarial regions alcohol is especially to be avoided.No laundry work can be done on board, so an ample supply of underclothing must need's be taken.Flannel or flannelette pyjamas should ;e worn at night throughout the voyage.In conclusion, there are certain types of invalid who do no good at sea-dyspeptics, who require a specialized diet ; aged, irritable, or nearly bedridden people; and those with chronic rheumatoid arthritis of the smaller joints.There are no faci- lities for the due treatment of surgical diseases requiring fre- quent antiseptic dressing, for there is no really adequate hos- pital accommodation on any ocean liner, however large, as far as I am, aware.The only chance for an inebriate to improve at sea is on a sailing ship commissioned on teetotal prin- .eiplesband such are-, indeed, rarely to be found.On the wqhole, there are few cases of invalidism for which a sea voyage is a suitable remedial measure.
Doctors in Moscow rally against planned hospital closures
Authors: V. Vlassov
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Doctors and other healthcare workers took to the streets of Moscow on 2 November to protest against the planned closure of more hospitals and other healthcare facilities in the Russian capital.

The plans to close 28 healthcare facilities—including 15 hospitals—in Moscow, which were leaked and published on the internet, are expected to result in the loss of thousands of healthcare jobs.1

Since 2000 the number of healthcare facilities in Russia has more than halved—from 10 704 facilities in 2000 to 4398 in …
NHS trusts must tackle violence against staff
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1998)

NHS trusts and health authorities must have systems in place to record and monitor workplace accidents and violence against staff under new targets drawn up by the British government. By April 2000 all NHS employers must have published strategies to reduce such incidents and have procedures to tackle harassment by staff and service users.

Latest figures for 1997 showed that there were almost 1000 injuries to staff a …
The Changing Landscape of Myeloma Therapy
Authors: Michele Cavo, Michele Baccarani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The introduction of melphalan and prednisone for the treatment of multiple myeloma was followed by only minor advances in the management of the disease for almost 20 years.1 The failure of other agents, alone or in combination, to extend survival beyond three years prompted a new treatment strategy in the early 1980s: myeloablative doses of melphalan supported by an infusion of autologous hematopoietic stem cells. After this approach was found to be superior to conventional chemotherapy for the initial treatment of myeloma, the efficacy of two sequential courses of high-dose therapy, each supported by an infusion of autologous stem cells, . . .
Pain Control and Drug Policy: A Time for Change
Authors: Kathleen Foley
Journal: JAMA (2010)

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