tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SARS shows no sign of coming under control
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) shows no sign of abating and has infected nearly 3000 people in 20 countries. On 14 April, Hong Kong authorities reported another seven deaths in the previous 24 hour period.

By 13 April 129 deaths had been reported worldwide. Although in most countries there have been no cases of local transmission, outbreaks in China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Canada have worsened and show no signs yet of being brought under control.

China has the single biggest number of cases—by 13 April, 1344 cases and 60 deaths, according to …
One Linuche mystery solved: All 3 stages of the coronate scyphomedusa Linuche unguiculata cause seabather's eruption
Authors: Lourdes Segura-Puertas, Maria E. Ramos, Carlos Aramburo, Edgar P. Heimer de la Cotera, Joseph W. Burnett
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2001)
Serum indicators of free radical activity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: C I Jack, M J Jackson, I D Johnston, C R Hind
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Serum levels of free radical activity were measured in 37 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 16 control subjects. Three assays used were (1) simultaneously measured levels of the 9,11-diene conjugate of linoleic acid and 9,12-linoleic acid expressed as a percent molar ratio (%MR), a measure of free-radical-mediated lipid peroxidation; (2) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), one of which is malondialdehyde; (3) desferrioxamine-chelatable iron assay, a measure of the potential iron available to catalyze free radical generation. Mean %MR, TBARS and desferrioxamine-chelatable iron were all elevated initially in patients with IPF compared with control subjects (%MR, p < 0.0001; TBARS, p = 0.0013; desferrioxamine-chelatable iron, p = 0.0029). Furthermore, the serum %MR was higher in a subset of patients with clinically worsening IPF than in those patients with clinically stable disease (p = 0.002). Treatment did not appear to affect the three different serum indicators of free radical activity. Thus, lipid peroxidation appears to be increased in patients with IPF and is associated with an increase in desferrioxamine-chelatable iron levels. Serum % MR levels appeared to correlate with clinical disease activity, and they may have a role in monitoring disease activity.
Trandolapril Decreases Prevalence of Ventricular Ectopic Activity in Middle-Aged SHR
Authors: B. Chevalier, D. Heudes, C. Heymes, A. Basset, T. Dakhli, Y. Bansard, S. Jouquey, G. Hamon, P. Bruneval, B. Swynghedauw, F. Carré
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Although severe arrhythmias are still a major problem in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), the relationship between ventricular remodeling and its regression or prevention, and the prevalence of ventricular premature beats (VPB) or more sustained arrhythmias are still poorly explored in hypertensive heart disease. Methods and Results Holter monitoring was used to quantify supraventricular premature beats and VPB and heart rate (HR) in middle-aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar rats treated for 3 months with trandolapril (ACE inhibitor, 0.3 mg/kg per day). Hypertrophy and fibrosis were morphometrically determined. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of simple regression and multivariate data analysis (cluster and correspondence analysis). SHR have higher cardiac mass and fibrosis, more VPB, and a decreased HR. Cluster analysis demonstrated that trandolapril was only effective in SHR. Trandolapril significantly reduced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and VPB incidence and increased the HR. Simple regression analysis showed that VPB incidence correlated to both hypertrophy and fibrosis. Correspondence analysis evidenced a strong correlation between hypertrophy, fibrosis, and VPB, but only for severe hypertrophy, and the correlation disappeared for moderate hypertrophy. Conclusions After trandolapril treatment, the regression of VPB incidence not only is linked to hypertrophy and fibrosis, but additional causal factors also are involved including the myocardial phenotype and new calcium metabolism. Our model of Holter monitoring in conscious middle-aged SHR and multivariate data analysis might be useful in correlating myocardial structural modifications and ectopic activity.
DNAM-1 promotes activation of cytotoxic lymphocytes by nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells and tumors
Authors: Susan Gilfillan, Christopher J. Chan, Marina Cella, Nicole M. Haynes, Aaron S. Rapaport, Kent S. Boles, Daniel M. Andrews, Mark J. Smyth, Marco Colonna
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Natural killer (NK) cells and CD8 T cells require adhesion molecules for migration, activation, expansion, differentiation, and effector functions. DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1), an adhesion molecule belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, promotes many of these functions in vitro. However, because NK cells and CD8 T cells express multiple adhesion molecules, it is unclear whether DNAM-1 has a unique function or is effectively redundant in vivo. To address this question, we generated mice lacking DNAM-1 and evaluated DNAM-1–deficient CD8 T cell and NK cell function in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate that CD8 T cells require DNAM-1 for co-stimulation when recognizing antigen presented by nonprofessional antigen-presenting cells; in contrast, DNAM-1 is dispensable when dendritic cells present the antigen. Similarly, NK cells require DNAM-1 for the elimination of tumor cells that are comparatively resistant to NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity caused by the paucity of other NK cell–activating ligands. We conclude that DNAM-1 serves to extend the range of target cells that can activate CD8 T cell and NK cells and, hence, may be essential for immunosurveillance against tumors and/or viruses that evade recognition by other activating or accessory molecules.
The enhancer and promoter landscape of human regulatory and conventional T-cell subpopulations
Authors: Christian Schmidl, Leo Hansmann, Timo Lassmann, Piotr J. Balwierz, Hideya Kawaji, Masayoshi Itoh, Jun Kawai, Sayaka Nagao-Sato, Harukazu Suzuki, Reinhard Andreesen, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Alistair R. R. Forrest, Piero Carninci, Petra Hoffmann, Matthias Edinger, Michael Rehli
Journal: Blood (2014)
Strategy Reveals Rare Disease Genes
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

FOR DECADES, THE GENETIC CAUSE OF a rare and fatal X chromosome– linked syndrome characterized by talipes equinovarus, atrial septal defect, Robin sequence, and persistent left superior vena cava (TARP) eluded clinicians and scientists. But a new genefinding strategy enabled scientists from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) to discover the gene for TARP and to offer carrier testing to affected families (Johnston JJ et al. Am J Hum Genet. 2010;86[5]:743-748). The discovery was the latest in a string of successes for scientists using next-generation sequencing or massively parallel sequencing of the genome’s protein-encoding regions and old-fashioned clinical investigation to zero in on the genetic causes of rare disorders that had evaded detection by more traditional methods. “It’s a really rapidpath todiagnosis and understanding that was either impossible or extremely difficult and expensive to do previously,” said Leslie G. Biesecker, chief of NHGRI’s Genetic Disease Research Branch. The technique is likely to accelerate the identification of the genetic basis of a multitude of rare disorders. “There are thousands and thousands of cases where families are struggling with these very serious disorders and they don’t have answers to their most basic questions,” Biesecker said. The new technology allows sequencing of billions of base pairs of DNA fragments in the time it took the old technology to sequence millions. To further expedite the process, Biesecker and colleagues sequenced DNA samples from 2 large families that have multiple affected members. They sequenced only the protein-encoding regions of the X chromosome, which they believed were most likely to house the variant, and used their clinical understanding of TARP to filter through the results. For example,
Genetic elimination of prothrombin in adult mice is not compatible with survival and results in spontaneous hemorrhagic events in both heart and brain
Authors: Eric S. Mullins, Keith W. Kombrinck, Kathryn E. Talmage, Maureen A. Shaw, David P. Witte, Joni M. Ullman, Sandra J. Degen, William Sun, Matthew J. Flick, Jay L. Degen
Journal: Blood (2008)
THE VASODILATOR AND VASOCONSTRICTOR PROPERTIES OF BLOOD SERUM AND PLASMA
Authors: Hugh A. Stewart, Samuel C. Harvey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1912)

1. In plasma there exists a vasodilator substance specific for the vessels of the kidney. 2. This substance is a proteid of the albumin class and is precipitated by boiling and by alcohol. 3. It is present also in the serum. 4. It acts directly on the muscle coats of the arteries. 5. The process of clotting of the blood liberates a constrictor substance that acts on the renal vessels and also on the vessels of the limb. 6. This constrictor substance is not a proteid; it resists boiling, is soluble in alcohol, and acts directly on the muscle coat.
Military Health Care
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Military personnel and their families enrolled in certain Department of Defense health insurance plans are having difficulty finding clinicians who will provide them care, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) reported April 3.

In 2012, the defense department offered health care services to about 9.7 million eligible beneficiaries through its TRICARE insurance program. TRICARE offers health maintenance organization (HMO), fee-for-service, and preferred provider organization options. The GAO analyzed 2008-2011 beneficiary survey data and found that civilian physicians' acceptance of new TRICARE patients has decreased. Nearly 1 in 3 of the beneficiaries who were not enrolled in the HMO plan experienced problems finding a civilian clinician who would accept TRICARE insurance.
Bioinformatics for Dummies
Authors: B. A. Luxon
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treating Headaches in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Megan A. Moreno, Fred Furtner, Frederick P. Rivara
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Khalil El-Chammas, MD; Jill Keyes, MD; Nathan Thompson, MD; Jayanthi Vijayakumar, MBBS; Dorothy Becher, MPH; Jeffrey L. Jackson, MD, MPH
The Illustrated History of Medicine; Images of Science
Authors: T. Delamothe
Journal: BMJ (1993)

B ;se humanity but limited observation."Here on Sakhalin," said the governor, "we resort to corporal punishment extremely rarely, indeed, hardly ever."The baron dictated to Chekhov his views on the prisons: "Significant progress has been made since the last visit five years ago."The ring, to those who have read the observations of the great and the good in our own governors' visitors' books, is only too familiar.But the passages on the medical problems,
&amp;OV0312;/&amp;OV0422; Mismatch without Pulmonary Emboli in Children with Histoplasmosis
Authors: E EDMUND KIM, FRANK H. DeLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

In two children with histoplasmosis pulmonary perfusion and ventilation studies revealed mismatched abnormalities characterized by almost unilaterally absent perfusion but normal ventilation in the right lung. Chest roentgenograms demonstrated right hilar enlargement and pulmonary contrast angiograms revealed narrowing of the right pulmonary arteries by extrinsic fibrotic granulomata but no pulmonary emboli were present. Fibrosing mediastinitis due to histoplasmosis was found by mediastinoscopic examination in one of the patients. Non-embolic causes of / mismatch lung imaging are discussed briefly, and the correlation with clinical findings is stressed for the diagnosis of pulmonary emboli.
Editorial: Signs of spring?
Authors: R. H. Moser
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Surgical procedure for the cure of atrioventricular junctional (“AV node”) reentrant tachycardia: Anatomic and electrophysiologic effects of dissection of the anterior atrionodal connections in a canine model
Authors: Mark A. McGuire, Alex S.B. Yip, Monica Robotin, John P. Bourke, David C. Johnson, Barbara I. Dewsnap, Richard Chard, John B. Uther, David L. Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Points from letters: Radio-opacity of the IUCD
Authors: W G Dawson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

4) Teaching and administrative duties.(5) A "flexibility factor," so dear to the hearts of our junior colleagues, should apply equally to consultants.(6) A "continuity factor" could also be brought in for the fact that consultants, whether officially on or off duty, still carry responsibility for patients in their care and expect to be called in if anything goes wrong.The pension scheme would also need to be revised, but this is perhaps a separate matter.
Large Trial Finds Ticlopidine Superior to Aspirin in Preventing Stroke
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

IT'S A NEW CHEMICAL entity, and no one is sure exactly how it works, but ticlopidine hydrochloride appears to work better than aspirin in staving off stroke in high-risk patients, according to the results of a 55-center trial. That was the word from William K. Hass, MD, one of the principal investigators of the Ticlopidine/Aspirin Stroke Study. Hass summarized the study's results at the recent 14th International Joint Conference on Stroke and Cerebral Circulation in San Antonio, Tex. Hass, professor of neurology at New York (NY) University School of Medicine, told the conference that the drug, developed by Syntex Corporation, Palo Alto, Calif, was superior to aspirin in preventing both fatal and nonfatal strokes. He said that the side effects were minor and reversible. The study undertaken in 1981 involved 3069 patients who had suffered a transient ischemic attack or a more prolonged, but reversible, ischemic deficit within the 90
Ruptured Renal Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: George M. Sanoudos
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A patient with ruptured renal arteriovenous fistula was anuric and in shock when admitted to the hospital. After hemodialysis to reverse and control hyperkalemia and azotemia, nephrectomy was successfully performed. Clinical evidence favored either an infectious or a vascular degenerative etiology of the fistula. Survival beyond six years is recorded.
Dermoid Inclusion Cysts and Early Spinal Cord Tethering after Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele
Authors: Catherine A. Mazzola, A. Leland Albright, Leslie N. Sutton, Gerald F. Tuite, Ronald L. Hamilton, Ian F. Pollack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

In utero surgery for myelomeningocele has been proposed to reduce neurologic dysfunction that may result from exposure of the spinal cord to amniotic fluid; approximately 220 such surgeries have been performed to date. The authors report on three girls under one year of age who had loss of motor function in the legs or loss of bladder function after in utero repair of myelomeningocele at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation. All three had dermoid cysts with associated spinal cord tethering, which required surgery.
A High-Fat Diet and NAD + Activate Sirt1 to Rescue Premature Aging in Cockayne Syndrome
Authors: Morten Scheibye-Knudsen, Sarah J. Mitchell, Evandro F. Fang, Teruaki Iyama, Theresa Ward, James Wang, Christopher A. Dunn, Nagendra Singh, Sebastian Veith, Md Mahdi Hasan-Olive, Aswin Mangerich, Mark A. Wilson, Mark P. Mattson, Linda H. Bergersen, Victoria C. Cogger, Alessandra Warren, David G. Le Couteur, Ruin Moaddel, David M. Wilson, Deborah L. Croteau, Rafael de Cabo, Vilhelm A. Bohr
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
Failure of Isoniazid to Cure Localized BCG Infection
Authors: Bennett Lorber, Eric C. Vonderheid, Robert M. Swenson, Kenneth R. Cundy
Journal: JAMA (1977)

INFECTIOUS complications of BCG vaccination and immunotherapy have been rare, even in immunosuppressed patients who have responded readily to two to four months of isoniazid therapy.<sup>1,2</sup>We report a case in which accidental BCG inoculation led to a localized hand infection that failed to respond to three months of isoniazid therapy. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On Sept 10, 1975, a physician engaged in laboratory research accidentally inoculated the dorsum of her right index finger over the distal interphalangeal joint with BCG diluted in saline. It is estimated that she received a maximum of 12 × 10<sup>7</sup>colonyforming units. Over the next two days the finger became painful and swollen, and two weeks later an ulcerative lesion developed at the injection site. A smear of the lesion showed acid-fast bacilli, and cultures grew an organism subsequently identified as BCG. After three months of isoniazid treatment (300 mg/day), there was
Inhaled glucocorticoids versus leukotriene receptor antagonists as single agent asthma treatment: systematic review of current evidence
Authors: F. M Ducharme
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To compare the safety and efficacy of anti-leukotrienes and inhaled glucocorticoids as monotherapy in people with asthma. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review of randomised controlled trials comparing anti-leukotrienes with inhaled glucocorticoids for 28 days or more in children and adults. <b>Main outcome measure:</b> Rate of exacerbations that required treatment with systemic glucocorticoids. <b>Results:</b> 13 trials (12 in adults, one in children) met the inclusion criteria; all were in people with mild and moderate asthma. Leukotriene receptor antagonists were compared with inhaled glucocorticoids at a daily dose equivalent to 400–450 μg beclometasone dipropionate. Patients treated with leukotriene receptor antagonists were 60% more likely to suffer an exacerbation requiring systemic glucocorticoids (relative risk 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.2; number needed to treat 27, 13 to 81). A 130 ml greater improvement (80 ml to 170 ml) in forced expiratory volume in one second and a 19 l/min greater increase (14 l to 24 l) in morning peak expiratory flow rate were noted in favour of inhaled glucocorticoids. Differences in favour of inhaled glucocorticoids were also observed for nocturnal awakenings, use of rescue β<sub>2</sub> agonists, and days without symptoms. Risk of side effects was no different between groups, but leukotriene receptor antagonists were associated a 2.5-fold increase risk of withdrawals due to poor asthma control (relative risk 2.5, 1.8 to 3.5). <b>Conclusions:</b> Inhaled glucocorticoids doses equivalent to 400 μg/day beclometasone are more effective than leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of adults with mild or moderate asthma. There is insufficient evidence to conclude on the efficacy of anti-leukotrienes in children. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> In 2000 a Cochrane systematic review tentatively concluded that control of asthma was better in patients treated with inhaled glucocorticoids as single agents than with anti-leukotrienes The 2002 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines still classify the role of anti-leukotrienes as "under investigation" <h3>What this study adds</h3> Anti-leukotrienes as single agent are less effective than low doses of inhaled glucocorticoids for patients with mild and moderate persistent asthma
The HL-A system in asbestos workers.
Authors: J A Merchant, P T Klouda, C A Soutar, W R Parkes, S D Lawler, M Turner-Warwick
Journal: BMJ (1975)

In a study of the HL-A system in 56 selected asbestos workers referred to the Pneumoconiosis Medical Panel with definite or suspected asbestosis, the W 27 antigen was found more often than among a control population. Six of the 10 asbestos workers with the W 27 antigen had definite radiographic evidence of asbestosis compared to 13 out of 46 without the W 27 antigen. These observations, if confirmed, suggest that the W 27 antigen may provide a useful marker of an enhanced susceptibility to the tissue-damaging effects of asbestos dust.
The Assessment of Antitussive Drugs in Man
Authors: F. J. Prime
Journal: BMJ (1961)

This paper describes a method which has been used to stimulate cough artificially in human subjects in order to assess the therapeutic activity of antitussive prepara- tions.In the present work the method has been applied so as to compare the antitussive power of codeine phosphate, pipazethate hydrochloride (" selvigon "), and a placebo.Pharmacology Pipazethate is an ester of I-azo-phenothiazine-10carboxylic acid and has the following structure: N/tN-CO.O.CH2CH2 O.CH2CH2N.HHCl.
Fiberoptic or Rigid Tube
Authors: Regis A. Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Palmer's commentary (227:511, 1974) on today's esophagologists merits comment. It is conceded that rigid esophagoscopy is superior to fiberoptic scoping in two ways: larger biopsies may be taken; and some foreign bodies can be removed more readily. Dilation of strictures via the rigid tube is rarely justified except as an initial venture done at the time of diagnostic esophagoscopy. From herein the advantage is clearly in favor of fiberoptic esophagoscopy. The superior large visual fields of the fiberscopes completely outclass the constricted distal images of the rigid scopes. There is more comfort to the patient, and spinal deformities can be negotiated that deny passage of the older scopes. And what rigid endoscopist does not cringe at the sight of a short neck on a husky patient? Breaking teeth is a rigidscope monopoly. As the lower esophagus prepares to enter the stomach, it deviates anteriorly and to the