tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome and Escherichia coli 0157: H7 Infection
Authors: David L. Swerdlow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 August 1993The Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome and Escherichia coli 0157: H7 InfectionDavid L. Swerdlow, MD and Patricia M. Griffin, MDDavid L. Swerdlow, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Patricia M. Griffin, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Drs. Robson and Leung for noting the low incidence of HUS after infection with E. coli 0157:H7 during an outbreak in Missouri. Of the 243 persons who acquired E. coli 0157:H7 infection, 2 developed illness compatible with HUS, defined as microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure (creatinine level >2.0 mg/dL or >50% above baseline for children), and thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150 109/L). A careful review of the 32 hospitalized patients' medical records did not show any additional persons who had a diagnosis compatible with HUS. It is not surprising that the incidence of the syndrome was ...References1. Griffin PM, Tauxe RV. The epidemiology of infections caused by Escherichia coli 0157:H7, other enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and the associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Epidemiol Rev. 1991; 13:60-98. Google Scholar2. Carter AO, Borczyk AA, Carlson JA, Harvey B, Hockin JC, Karmali MA, et al. A severe outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7-associated hemorrhagic colitis in a nursing home. N Engl J Med. 1987; 317:1496-500. Google Scholar3. Pavia AT, Nichols CR, Green DP, Tauxe RV, Mottice S, Greene KD, et al. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome during an outbreak of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 infections in institutions for mentally retarded persons: clinical and epidemiologic observations. J Pediatr. 1990; 116:544-51. Google Scholar4. Spika JS, Parsons JE, Nordenberg D, Wells JG, Gunn RA, Black PA. Hemolytic uremic syndrome and diarrhea associated with Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in a day care center. J Pediatr. 1986; 109:287-91. Google Scholar5. Siegler RL, Milligan MK, Burningham TH, Christofferson RD, Chang SY, Jorde LB. Long-term outcome and prognostic indicators in the hemolytic uremic syndrome. J Pediatr. 1991; 118:195-200. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRegulatory and Security Requirements for Potable WaterSelf-Transmissible Antibiotic Resistance to Ampicillin, Streptomycin, and Tetracyclin Found in Escherichia coli Isolates from Contaminated Drinking Water 1 August 1993Volume 119, Issue 3Page: 249-250KeywordsCreatinineDiarrheaEscherichia coli infectionsHemolytic uremic syndromeNursing homesPediatric infectionsPlateletsPopulation statisticsResearch laboratoriesToxins ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Making Small Risks Even Smaller
Authors: Michael F. Greene
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Cesarean sections performed without antecedent labor are associated with a higher risk of respiratory distress than those performed after the onset of labor, despite the fact that they may have been done at full term (at least 37 weeks of gestation).1 This respiratory distress is usually transient tachypnea of the newborn, which is generally milder in both severity and duration than respiratory distress syndrome due to hyaline membrane disease in premature babies. Unlike hyaline membrane disease, which results from a surfactant deficiency, transient tachypnea of the newborn results from delayed clearance of fetal alveolar fluid. The volume of fetal alveolar . . .
A New Operation for the Removal of Vesical Calculus in the Female
Authors: T. Beaumont
Journal: BMJ (1884)

aud Commerce, published by Professor Tommasi-Crudeli in the spring of last year.In the 3lorgcgsani for March of this year, Dr. Dominico Arzillo gives some details of case4 in which he had used the lemon- decoction with excellent effects, and, with the zeal of a convert, writes in enthusiastic terms of the simplicity of the cure and of its superiority to quinine..As far as is known to me, these few notices comprise the whole literature of the subject.Shortly after reading Professor Tommasi-Crudeli's letter, I made a trial of the lemon-decoction, prepared as directed by Dr. Maglieri, in two cases: one a simple quotidian ague, the other a case of enteric fever, complicated with obstinate intermittent attacks, which retarded recovery; and in both instances much benefit was derived, and the quinine could be given up: this was a considerable gain in itself, as the two patients seemed to suffermore thanisusual fromtheunpleasanteffects Of large doses of that drug.During the past winter, I had no occa- sion to give it in any genuine agues, as very few such cases come under
Cholesterol and mortality. 30 years of follow-up from the Framingham study
Authors: K. M. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1987)

From 1951 to 1955 serum cholesterol levels were measured in 1959 men and 2415 women aged between 31 and 65 years who were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. Under age 50 years, cholesterol levels are directly related with 30-year overall and CVD mortality; overall death increases 5% and CVD death 9% for each 10 mg/dL. After age 50 years there is no increased overall mortality with either high or low serum cholesterol levels. There is a direct association between falling cholesterol levels over the first 14 years and mortality over the following 18 years (11% overall and 14% CVD death rate increase per 1 mg/dL per year drop in cholesterol levels). Under age 50 years these data suggest that having a very low cholesterol level improves longevity. After age 50 years the association of mortality with cholesterol values is confounded by people whose cholesterol levels are falling—perhaps due to diseases predisposing to death. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:2176-2180)
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: JOEL MOSS, NILO A. AVILA, PAULINE M. BARNES, RUTH A. LITZENBERGER, JEANMARIE BECHTLE, PAMELA G. BROOKS, CAROLYN J. HEDIN, SALLY HUNSBERGER, ARNOLD S. KRISTOF
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The true prevalence of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is unknown. The prevalence of LAM, radiological features, and lung function in patients with TSC was measured. The presence of LAM, as defined by the presence of cysts by high-resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) scan, was determined in patients with TSC without prior pulmonary disease (Group 1). To determine the significance of early detection, severity of disease in screened patients (Group 1) was compared with that in patients with TSC with a prior diagnosis of LAM (Group 2). Forty-eight patients with TSC and no prior history of LAM were screened. Of the 38 females, 13 (34%) had LAM; LAM was absent in males. Lung function was preserved in patients with TSC who were found to have LAM by screening. In patients previously known to have LAM, FEV1 and Dl CO correlated inversely with severity of disease as assessed by CT scan. The prevalence of LAM in women with TSC was 34%, ∼ 10-fold that previously reported, consistent with a large hitherto unrecognized subclinical population of patients at risk for pulmonary complications.Keywords: lymphangioleiomyomatosis; tuberous sclerosis complex; lung function
CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES, FOR THE GENESIS-PRAXY INVESTIGATORS
Authors: Hatim Al Lawati, Asim N. Cheema, Mark J. Eisenberg, Avi Shimony, Derek So, Roxanne Pelletier, Louise Pilote
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Diuretic resistance: reduced bioavailability and effect of oral frusemide.
Authors: B O Odlind, B Beermann
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Diuretic resistance: reduced bioavailability and effect of oral frusemide Some patients respond poorly to diuretics.This could be due to changes in the pharmacokinetics or the pharmacodynamics of the diuretic.We report a case in which frusemide given by mouth to an oedematous patient had little effect owing to a much reduced bioavailability.
Not All “Term” Infants Are Created Equal
Authors: William Oh, Tonse N. K. Raju
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Position statements on vitamin D deficiency are no substitute for well designed studies
Authors: S. S. Nussey
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The recent statement by the British Paediatric and Adolescent Bone Group causes concern in an era that demands objectivity.1 Where is the evidence for the statements made? Which criteria are the definition of vitamin D deficiency based on? None is stated.

Why is a cut-off point of 25 nmol/L (1 nmol/L=0.4 ng/mL) for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH)D3) concentration used? No reason is given. This value is much lower than that used by other expert bodies, including paediatric societies.2 Autopsy data (albeit from …
Schistosomiasis initiative extended to five more countries
Authors: S. Pincock
Journal: BMJ (2003)

As many as 15 million people in sub-Saharan Africa will be treated for schistosomiasis over the next four years as part of an international effort now being expanded to cover six countries.

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Schistosomiasis is transmitted through fresh water and the snails that harbour the parasite

Credit: DIETER TELEMANS/PANOS 

Five countries will be joining Uganda in the schistosomiasis control initiative, which operates from Imperial College, London, and is funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

“Schistosomiasis is a visible and growing problem in sub-Saharan Africa; and Tanzania, Zambia, Mali, Burkina …

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771-2 Isoproterenol Amplification of Flecainide-induced Conduction Slowing in Depolarized Canine Purkinje Fibers: Elucidation of Flecainide Proarrhythmia in CAST
Authors: Kevin T. Cragun, Susan B. Johnson, Douglas L. Packer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Virological breakthrough and resistance in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues in clinical practice
Authors: Chanunta Hongthanakorn, Watcharasak Chotiyaputta, Kelly Oberhelman, Robert J. Fontana, Jorge A. Marrero, Tracy Licari, Anna S. F. Lok
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Virological breakthrough (VBT) is the first manifestation of antiviral drug resistance during nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), but not all VBTs are due to drug resistance. This study sought to determine the incidence of VBT and genotypic resistance (GR) in patients with CHB who were receiving NUCs in clinical practice. Records of patients with CHB who were receiving NUCs were reviewed. All patients with VBT were tested for drug resistance mutations. Of 148 patients included, 73% were men and mean age was 44.9 years. During a mean follow-up of 37.5 ± 20.1 months, 39 (26%) patients had at least 1 VBT. Of these 39 patients, 15 (38%) were not confirmed to have VBT on retesting, and 10 of these 15 had no evidence of GR. The cumulative probability of VBT, confirmed VBT, and GR at 5 years was 46.1%, 29.7%, and 33.9%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, failure to achieve undetectable hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was the only factor significantly associated with VBT. Among the 10 patients who had VBT but no confirmed VBT or GR and who were maintained on the same medications, serum HBV DNA decreased in all 10, and nine had undetectable HBV DNA at a mean of 6.8 months after the VBT. Four patients had persistently undetectable HBV DNA, six had transient increase in HBV DNA during follow-up, and none had GR.VBT was common in patients with CHB receiving NUCs in clinical practice, but nearly 40% of the VBTs were not related to antiviral drug resistance. Counseling of patients with CHB on medication adherence and confirmation of VBT and/or GR can avoid unnecessary changes in antiviral medications.
Painful Purple Toes
Authors: Jennifer A. Johnson, Brendan M. Everett, Joel T. Katz, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 57-year-old man presented to the emergency department with painful purple discoloration of three toes on his left foot. He had also had intermittent blurry vision, intermittent chest pain, fatigue, anorexia, drenching night sweats, and a weight loss of 7 kg (15 lb) over the previous 3 weeks. His roommate commented that the patient had been slightly confused.
Pathology of the Kidney
Authors: Conrad L. Pirani
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Nephrology, a branch of medicine claimed by both internists and urologists, has come of age. As a result of new methods of study during the past 20 years, renal pathology is gradually being rewritten, based on the findings obtained by such techniques as percutaneous renal biopsy, electronmicroscopy, and immunopathology, among others. Many old concepts derived from the careful study of postmortem specimens, but often without adequate clinical and laboratory controls, have been modified or completely discarded. New morphologic observations on living patients are at long last leading us to the full acceptance of the often stated but not generally shared thesis that structure and function are inseparable. This is the first entirely new book on the pathology of renal diseases in the English language to appear in many years. The author, professor of pathology at Johns Hopkins, has been able to summarize our present knowledge in approximately 800 pages, with
Stem cell banking: between traceability and identifiability
Authors: Bartha M Knoppers, Rosario Isasi
Journal: Genome Medicine (2010)

Stem cell banks are increasingly seen as an essential resource of biological materials for both basic and translational research. Stem cell banks support transnational access to quality-controlled and ethically sourced stem cell lines from different origins and of varying grades. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, advances in regenerative medicine are leading to the development of a bioeconomy, 'a world where biotechnology contributes to a significant share of economic output'. Consequently, stem cell banks are destined to constitute a pillar of the bioeconomy in many countries. While certain ethical and legal concerns are specific to the nature of stem cells, stem cell banking could do well to examine the approaches fostered by tissue banking generally. Indeed, the past decade has seen a move to simplify and harmonize biological tissue and data banking so as to foster international interoperability. In particular, the issues of consent and of traceability illustrate not only commonalities but the opportunity for stem cell banking to appreciate the lessons learned in biobanking generally. This paper analyzes convergence and divergence in issues surrounding policy harmonization, transnational sharing, informed consent, traceability and return of results in the context of stem cell banks.
Validation of a Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Model in Women With a Positive Family History
Authors: M. L. Bondy, E. D. Lustbader, S. Halabi, E. Ross, V. G. Vogel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Background : Gail et al. developed a statistical model for estimating the risk of developing breast cancer in white women screened annually with mammography. This model is used for counseling and for admission to clinical trials. Purpose : We evaluated the model prospectively in a cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer. Methods : We followed women who participated in the American Cancer Society 1987 Texas Breast Screening Project. The model was evaluated by comparing the observed (O) and expected (E) numbers of breast cancers using composite background rates from both the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of the National Cancer Institute. Data were partitioned by adherence to American Cancer Society screening guidelines. Results : The Gail et al. model predicted the risk well among women who adhered to the American Cancer Society guidelines (O/E = 1.12; 95% confidence interval = 0.75-1.61) but overpredicted risk for women who did not adhere to the guidelines. There was an indication that the model overpredicted risk for women younger than 60 years old and underpredicted risk in women aged 60 years and older. Conclusions : Overall, the Gail et al. model accurately predicts risk in women with a family history of breast cancer and who adhere to American Cancer Society screening guidelines. Thus, the model should be used as it was intended, for women who receive annual mammograms. [J Natl Cancer Inst 86: 620-625, 1994]
Regulation of Energy Homeostasis by Bombesin Receptor Subtype-3: Selective Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Obesity
Authors: Xiao-Ming Guan, Howard Chen, Peter H. Dobbelaar, Yan Dong, Tung M. Fong, Karen Gagen, Judith Gorski, Shuwen He, Andrew D. Howard, Tianying Jian, Michael Jiang, Yanqing Kan, Theresa M. Kelly, Jennifer Kosinski, Linus S. Lin, Jian Liu, Donald J. Marsh, Joseph M. Metzger, Randy Miller, Ravi P. Nargund, Oksana Palyha, Lauren Shearman, Zhu Shen, Ralph Stearns, Alison M. Strack, Sloan Stribling, Yui Sing Tang, Sheng-Ping Wang, Amanda White, Hong Yu, Marc L. Reitman
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
Abstract 5066: Matriptase mediated signaling in breast cancer.
Authors: Gina L. Zoratti, Christopher Bergum, Julie L. Boerner, Karin List
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Historically proteases have been associated with tumor progression and metastasis through degradation of the basement membrane. In recent years these enzymes have also been shown to play key roles in the activation of growth factors and cytokines, thereby activating pro-oncogenic signaling pathways. Matriptase is an epithelia-specific pericellular protease which has received considerable attention recently spurred by its consistent dysregulation in human epithelial tumors including breast cancer. Several institutions are currently developing small and large molecule inhibitors of matriptase, however thus far no studies have been published focusing on the role of matriptase in breast cancer growth and progression. Presently we do not know whether matriptase plays a causal or promotional role in breast carcinogenesis and therefore its potential as an anti-cancer drug target is still unexplored. In the following study we will perform both functional and mechanistic studies of matriptase in breast cancer using parallel, complementary in-vitro and in-vivo genetic “loss-of-function” strategies. Matriptase efficiently cleaves pro-hepatocyte growth factor (pro-HGF) into active HGF, the cognate ligand of the proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met, and thereby elicits pro-tumorigenic downstream signaling events. Both c-Met and matriptase are expressed on the surface of mammary epithelial cells and breast carcinoma cells, whereas the c-Met ligand and matriptase proteolytic target pro-HGF is secreted by stromal fibroblasts thus defining a paracrine growth factor activation and signaling mechanism. Our goal with this project is to determine whether matriptase is a novel target which could provide an opportunity for developing improved breast cancer intervention drugs in the future. Citation Format: Gina L. Zoratti, Christopher Bergum, Julie L. Boerner, Karin List. Matriptase mediated signaling in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5066. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5066
An Outbreak of Tuberculosis Caused by Multiple-Drug-resistant Tubercle Bacilli among Patients with HIV Infection
Authors: Margaret A. Fischl, Raj B. Uttamchandani, George L. Daikos, Rita B. Poblete, Jose N. Moreno, Ricardo R. Reyes, Ahmad M. Boota, Lisa M. Thompson, Timothy J. Cleary, Shenghan Lai
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

▪ Objective: To evaluate a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant bacilli among patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection. ▪ Design: A case-control study. ▪ Patients: Patients with HIV infection and culture-proven tuberculosis. ▪ Measurements: Patient characteristics, date of diagnoses of HIV infection and disease, date of diagnosis of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis susceptibility results, and medical center contact. ▪ Results: Sixty-two patients who had tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant bacilli (cases) and 55 patients who had tuberculosis caused by susceptible or single-drug-resistant bacilli (controls) were identified. Controls were more likely to be black (odds ratio, 0.4; 95% Cl, 0.2 to 0.9) or Haitian (odds ratio, 0.2; Cl, 0.1 to 0.6) compared with cases, who were more likely to be homosexual men (odds ratio, 2.9; Cl, 1.3 to 6.4). Forty-four cases (71%) had previous contact with an HIV clinic compared with 15 controls (27%) (P < 0.0001). Cases were more likely to have had AIDS (odds ratio, 7.7; Cl, 1.5 to 53.7), to have been hospitalized on an HIV ward (odds ratio, 8.3; Cl, 2.3 to 29.7), to have been seen in an HIV clinic (odds ratio, 7.8; Cl, 3.4 to 18.1), to have received intravenous therapy in an HIV clinic (odds ratio, 13.0; Cl, 4.6 to 37.0), or to have received inhalation pentamidine in an HIV clinic before a diagnosis of tuberculosis was made. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that a diagnosis of AIDS (odds ratio, 11.2; Cl, 3.1 to 40.6) and HIV clinic visits (odds ratio, 13.0; Cl, 2.7 to 63.7) before a diagnosis of tuberculosis were significantly associated with tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant bacilli. Using susceptibility patterns and appointment dates, we found that 22 cases had previous contact with a person who had tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant bacilli in the HIV clinic. ▪ Conclusions: Nosocomial transmission of M. tuberculosis from other HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant bacilli can occur. These findings have serious public health implications and demand strict adherence to acid-fast bacilli isolation precautions.
Comparison of steroids by vasoconstriction.
Authors: A. W. McKenzie
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1966)

Journal Article Comparison of steroids by vasoconstriction. Get access A. W. McKenzie A. W. McKenzie Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 78, Issue 3, 1 March 1966, Pages 182–183, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1966.tb12200.x Published: 01 March 1966