tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructure of the Human Carotid Body
Authors: PHILIP M. GRIMLEY, GEORGE G. GLENNER
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Surgically excised human carotid bodies have been analyzed by electron microscopy. Several ultrastructural features suggest that they are closely related to sympathetic neuroendocrine glands and autonomic ganglia: the chief cells synthesize intensely osmiophilic cytoplasmic granules, occasionally develop neuroid processes, and are intimately associated with neurilemmal sustentacular cells. Other lines of evidence indicate that secretion of the chief cell is norepinephrine or a closely related bioamine-neurotransmitter. The role of chief cells in mediating chemosensation may be explained by modulated release of the bioamine in response to local metabolic conditions. Human chief cells are richly innervated. Recognizable zones of synapse display an efferent type of polarity and sometimes appear adrenergic. Thus, reflexive sympathetic excitation of chief cells may be physiologically significant in man. The anatomic compartmentalization characteristic of carotid body chief cells is discussed in relation to a possible functional significance.
Global transcriptional disturbances underlie Cornelia de Lange syndrome and related phenotypes
Authors: Bo Yuan, Davut Pehlivan, Ender Karaca, Nisha Patel, Wu-Lin Charng, Tomasz Gambin, Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui, V. Reid Sutton, Gozde Yesil, Sevcan Tug Bozdogan, Tulay Tos, Asuman Koparir, Erkan Koparir, Christine R. Beck, Shen Gu, Huseyin Aslan, Ozge Ozalp Yuregir, Khalid Al Rubeaan, Dhekra Alnaqeb, Muneera J. Alshammari, Yavuz Bayram, Mehmed M. Atik, Hatip Aydin, B. Bilge Geckinli, Mehmet Seven, Hakan Ulucan, Elif Fenercioglu, Mustafa Ozen, Shalini Jhangiani, Donna M. Muzny, Eric Boerwinkle, Beyhan Tuysuz, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Richard A. Gibbs, James R. Lupski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder that presents with extensive phenotypic variability, including facial dysmorphism, developmental delay/intellectual disability (DD/ID), abnormal extremities, and hirsutism. About 65% of patients harbor mutations in genes that encode subunits or regulators of the cohesin complex, including NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, and HDAC8. Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS), which shares CdLS phenotypic features, is caused by mutations in lysine-specific methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A). Here, we performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 2 male siblings clinically diagnosed with WDSTS; this revealed a hemizygous, missense mutation in SMC1A that was predicted to be deleterious. Extensive clinical evaluation and WES of 32 Turkish patients clinically diagnosed with CdLS revealed the presence of a de novo heterozygous nonsense KMT2A mutation in 1 patient without characteristic WDSTS features. We also identified de novo heterozygous mutations in SMC3 or SMC1A that affected RNA splicing in 2 independent patients with combined CdLS and WDSTS features. Furthermore, in families from 2 separate world populations segregating an autosomal-recessive disorder with CdLS-like features, we identified homozygous mutations in TAF6, which encodes a core transcriptional regulatory pathway component. Together, our data, along with recent transcriptome studies, suggest that CdLS and related phenotypes may be "transcriptomopathies" rather than cohesinopathies.
Relationship between asthma and cognition: the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study
Authors: G. Caldera‐Alvarado, D. A. Khan, L. F. DeFina, A. Pieper, E. S. Brown
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Minimal data are available on the relationship between asthma and cognitive performance. In this report, we examine the relationship between asthma and cognitive performance in older adults, a subpopulation with elevated risk of cognitive impairment.We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective analysis of 1380 participants age ≥55 who completed preventive health examinations at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, TX. Cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a brief test for mild cognitive impairment. Data were analyzed in a multiple logistic regression using MoCA scores suggestive of cognitive impairment as the dependent variable.When controlling for demographic characteristics, self-rated health status, inhaled corticosteroid use, and FEV1 /FVC, asthma were associated with 78% increased risk of cognitive impairment (P = 0.02) as defined by MoCA score.In the largest sample examined to date, we have identified a significant relationship between asthma and cognitive impairment in older people.
Quantification of hyperaemia bordering ischaemic myocardium in experimental myocardial infarction
Authors: L. G T RIBEIRO, D G. HOPKINS, T. A BRANDON, L. A REDUTO, R. R MILLER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

Journal Article Quantification of hyperaemia bordering ischaemic myocardium in experimental myocardial infarction Get access LAIR G T RIBEIRO, LAIR G T RIBEIRO From the Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Address for reprints: Richard R Miller, MD, Section of Cardiology, The Methodist Hospital, 6516 Bertner Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D GREGG HOPKINS, D GREGG HOPKINS From the Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar TEDD A BRANDON, TEDD A BRANDON From the Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar LAWRENCE A REDUTO, LAWRENCE A REDUTO From the Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RICHARD R MILLER RICHARD R MILLER From the Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 14, Issue 6, June 1980, Pages 345–351, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/14.6.345 Published: 01 June 1980
AORTIC WALL COMPLIANCE RECOVERS DURING HEALING OF INTRA-MURAL HEMATOMA
Authors: Christof Karmonik, Jean Bismuth, Cassidy Duran, Dipan J. Shah, Javier E. Anaya-Ayala, Mark G. Davies, Lucien Abboud, Alan B. Lumsden
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Primary Care Training
Authors: Alvin R. Tarlov, Peter Weil, Mary Kay Schleiter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1979Primary Care TrainingALVIN R. TARLOV, M.D., PETER WEIL, PH.D., MARY KAY SCHLEITER, M.A.ALVIN R. TARLOV, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PETER WEIL, PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARY KAY SCHLEITER, M.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-6-925_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Goldenberg and colleagues (1) represents an important contribution to the large literature that can be expected to emerge from the development of primary care pathway training programs for medical residents. The authors point out that once the residents have been admitted to the primary care track, a high proportion of them remain committed to general internal medicine thereafter. This contrasts with findings for residents in the traditional pathway in the same institution. The authors intend to do a longitudinal study to determine the relation between their findings and the ultimate career work of the...Reference1. GOLDENBERGPOZENCOHEN DJA. The effect of a primary-care pathway on internal medicine residents' career plans. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:271-4. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByA 1 December 1979Volume 91, Issue 6Page: 925-925KeywordsLongitudinal studies Issue Published: 1 December 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
COMPLICATIONS OF LAXATIVE ABUSE
Authors: E.H. Baker, M.D, G.I. Sandle, M.D
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1996)

▪ Abstract Laxative abuse is an uncommon but clinically important cause of chronic diarrhea, a condition often associated with other gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as with disturbances in electrolyte and acid-base balance. A high index of suspicion, a detailed history, and the detection of laxative in stool and/or urine will establish the diagnosis once routine laboratory, endoscopic, and radiologic investigations have excluded common causes of chronic diarrhea. Confirmation of the diagnosis may rule out the need for more extensive, invasive, and costly investigations. However, management is frequently difficult owing to the laxative abuser's complex underlying psychopathology.
Factors altering thyroid hormone metabolism.
Authors: J Robbins
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

Thyroxine, the major secretory product of the thyroid gland, is metabolized in the peripheral tissues by phenolic conjugation, deamination, decarboxylation, and a cascade of monodeiodinations. This brief review focuses on the deiodination reactions, which currently are under intensive investigation. One product, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), is the major active form of the thyroid hormone, and about 80% of the T3 produced in the body is derived extrathyroidally. Furthermore, a greater fraction of the T3 found on nuclear receptors in pituitary and brain cells is derived intracellularly, as compared to liver and kidney cells. The latter tissues, on the other hand, appear to be the source of most of the circulating T3. Another deiodinase, acting on the nonphenolic ring of T4, gives rise to the hormonally inactive 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (
Osteopaths Must Take the Usual Examination—Alabama Supreme Court Decision.
Authors: R. S. Hill.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Montgomery, Ala., July 2, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Knowing the interest ofThe Journalof the American Medical Association in all questions involving the practice of medicine, I send you a copy of a decision just rendered by the Alabama Supreme Court, the highest tribunal of the state, in a case which was appealed to that body last November. The decision is of great importance to the profession in Alabama, and in my judgment is of interest to the profession at large. To me it seems to present a "clear-cut" argument as to what constitutes the practice of medicine. I am told by members of the legal profession that the Alabama Supreme Court occupies a high judicial rank, and I feel sure its position will not suffer from this decision, which was prepared by Judge J. R. Tyson, and unanimously concurred in by the other members of the court. If
Necrolytic migratory erythema: association with neuroendocrine tumour with predominant insulin secretion
Authors: S.M. WILKINSON, P.H. CARTWRIGHT, C. ALLEN, S. LREEVES, L. LALEXANDER, J.P.H. BYRNE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

We report a case of necrolytic migratory erythema in association with a neuroendocrine tumour producing predominantly insulin. As far as we know this has not been observed before.
Workload of general practitioners.
Authors: H. Bromhead, J. Hall, C. Anderson, J. Temple
Journal: BMJ (1989)

active treatment compared with 30 of 60 on placebo.We question the need for run in and washout periods in a crossover trial which simply compared the state of the patient at the end of two treatment periods.It did not compare the changes which occur during those periods.There was no evidence of a carryover effect; if it had occurred it would, ofcourse, have invalidated the study design and underestimated the efficacy of active treat- ment.Lack of space prevented the inclusion of baseline data, which are available on request.We do not accept that the medication was in- adequately standardised.It was produced accord- ing to the French homoeopathic pharmacopoeia, which forms part of the French national pharmacopoeia and is legally enforceable.Chemical and spectroscopic tests for active principles are specified.A standard chromatogram must be run on every batch of tincture and retained for inspection.The medication is thus as reproducible as is practical for material of this type.Finally, we heartily agree that the way is open for further research.
L-arginine in low concentration improves rat intestinal water and sodium absorption from oral rehydration solutions.
Authors: R A Wapnir, M A Wingertzahn, S Teichberg
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: The nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine has been shown to produce variable effects on intestinal absorptive function, including ion transport. AIMS: To determine whether there is an optimal concentration of L-arginine, promoting proabsorptive effects from oral rehydration solutions (ORS) with 90 or 60 mM sodium. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In vivo perfusion of rat jejunum with determination of net water absorption, unidirectional fluid exchanges, sodium and calcium transport, and glucose absorption. RESULTS: L-Arginine (1 mM) added to the 90 mM sodium ORS increased intestinal absorption of both sodium and water. Higher concentrations of L-arginine (2 to 10 mM) lacked this stimulatory effect. At 20 mM, L-arginine decreased sodium absorption below baseline. With a 60 mM sodium ORS, 2 mM L-arginine had a maximal fluid and electrolyte proabsorptive effect. At 20 mM L-arginine, net water absorption was indistinguishable from that obtained in the absence of L-arginine, and lower than with 2 mM L-arginine. Sodium absorption remained raised above baseline in perfusions with 10 and 20 mM L-arginine. Morphologically, villi from perfusions with increased absorption showed a large expansion of intercellular and lamina propria intercellular spaces. CONCLUSIONS: Low concentrations of L-arginine seem to stimulate water and electrolyte absorption by the small intestine. This effect is consistent with NO induced vasodilation, may be vaso-constrictive and thereby reverse fluid and electrolyte transport.
VSIG4, a B7 family-related protein, is a negative regulator of T cell activation
Authors: L. Vogt, N. Schmitz, M. O. Kurrer, M. Bauer, H. I. Hinton, S. Behnke, D. Gatto, P. Sebbel, R. R. Beerli, I. Sonderegger, M. Kopf, P. Saudan, M. F. Bachmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

T cell activation by APCs is positively and negatively regulated by members of the B7 family. We have identified a previously unknown function for B7 family-related protein V-set and Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4). In vitro experiments using VSIG4-Ig fusion molecules showed that VSIG4 is a strong negative regulator of murine and human T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. Administration to mice of soluble VSIG4-Ig fusion molecules reduced the induction of T cell responses in vivo and inhibited the production of Th cell-dependent IgG responses. Unlike that of B7 family members, surface expression of VSIG4 was restricted to resting tissue macrophages and absent upon activation by LPS or in autoimmune inflammatory foci. The specific expression of VSIG4 on resting macrophages in tissue suggests that this inhibitory ligand may be important for the maintenance of T cell unresponsiveness in healthy tissues.
Outbreak of Giardiasis: Effect of a New Antiflagellate Drug, Tinidazole
Authors: T. Andersson, J. Forssell, G. Sterner
Journal: BMJ (1972)

We describe here an intensive outbreak of mostly symptomatic (90%) Giardia lamblia infestation in a Swedish student group visiting the U.S.S.R. A new antiflagellate drug, ethyl (2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1-imidazolyl)ethyl) sulphone, tinidazole, Pfizer, was given in a dosage of 150 mg twice daily for seven days to 10 healthy volunteers and to 24 students infested with G. lamblia. The drug was found to be effective in curing giardiasis and in eradicating G. lamblia from the intestinal tract. All the students with symptomatic giardia infestation became free from gastrointestinal disturbance, usually soon after treatment was started. None of the 24 students had G. lamblia in their stools after tinidazole treatment was discontinued or at follow-up. No side effects of the drug were seen and all of the subjects tolerated it very well.
In the Shadow of Polio: A Personal and Social History
Authors: Donald W. Mulder
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Polio Katherine Black has produced a dramatic account of the poliomyelitis epidemics and their social impact.<i>In the Shadow of Polio</i>is skillfully written and has an abundance of references (262 notes plus a bibliography). The author has portrayed the medical and social dilemmas that patients, families, physicians, and society faced in this often fatal or crippling disease. The social and psychological impact of polio during the great epidemics is identified, and the need to recognize these factors in the proper care of patients in contemporary epidemics and with postpolio syndrome is pointed out. The book should be of interest to all physicians, as it provides essential insights for those who care for such patients. A daughter's search for her mother is the major theme. When the author was 4 years old her mother developed paralytic poliomyelitis during one of the great epidemics of the first part of this cen
Aging in rat causes hepatic hyperresposiveness to interleukin-1β which is mediated by neutral sphingomyelinase-2
Authors: Kristina Rutkute, Alexander A. Karakashian, Natalia V. Giltiay, Aneta Dobierzewska, Mariana N. Nikolova-Karakashian
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract The process of aging has recently been shown to substantially affect the ability of cells to respond to inflammatory challenges. We demonstrate that aging leads to hepatic hyperresponsiveness to interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and we examine the factors that could be responsible for this phenomenon. IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in hepatocytes isolated from aged rats was 3 times more potent than that in hepatocytes from young rats. Moreover, JNK was activated by substantially lower doses of IL-1β. These age-related changes in JNK phosphorylation correlated with diminished IL-1β–induced degradation of interleukin-1 receptor–associated kinase-1 (IRAK-1). Expression levels of IL1β receptor I, total JNK, IRAK-1, and transforming growth factor-β–activated kinase-1 (TAK-1) were not affected by aging. However, increased neutral sphingomyelinase activity was observed in hepatocytes from old animals, which we show is caused by induction of the plasma membrane localized neutral sphingomyelinase-2 (NSMase-2). We provide evidence that NSMase-2 is both required and sufficient for the onset of IL-1β hyperresponsiveness during aging. Overexpression of NSMase-2 in hepatocytes from young rats leads both to a reduction in IRAK-1 degradation and potentiation of JNK phosphorylation, mimicking that seen in hepatocytes from old animals. More importantly, inhibition of NSMase activity in hepatocytes from aged rats using either scyphostatin or short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) leads to reversion to the “young” phenotype of IL-1β response. Conclusion: These results show that the process of aging causes increased basal NSMase-2 activity in hepatocytes, which in turn leads to IRAK-1 stabilization, JNK potentiation, and ultimately IL-1β hyperresponsiveness. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
CD200 is a new prognostic factor in multiple myeloma
Authors: J. Moreaux, D. Hose, T. Reme, E. Jourdan, M. Hundemer, E. Legouffe, P. Moine, P. Bourin, M. Moos, J. Corre, T. Mohler, J. De Vos, J. F. Rossi, H. Goldschmidt, B. Klein
Journal: Blood (2006)
Guidelines of care for malignant melanoma
Authors: Lynn A. Drake, Roger I. Ceilley, Raymond L. Cornelison, William L. Dobes, William A. Dorner, Robert W. Goltz, Charles W. Lewis, Stuart J. Salasche, Maria L. Chanco Turner, David R. Arrowsmith, Philip M. Catalano, Calvin L. Day, Charles W. Lewis, Arthur J. Sober
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1993)
INSECTS AND WAR: LICE
Authors: A. E. Shipley
Journal: BMJ (1914)

That mlaucll foot trouble can be prevented I am con- viniced, and I am pleased to say that we have in this battalion been able to reduce it to a miininmum by taking the following precautions:1. Secure properly fitting boots.2. Properly prepare such boots. 3. Anticipate tlle trouble in the feet themselves anid adopt propllylactic treatment.The service boots.such as are served out, are not wholly satisfactory.Tlley are rcoughly triedl on at no particular timne of the day, and in a hard, rough conditioni.The correct timne to try on stuch a pair of boots is at tlle end of a day's work.If tlley fit properly at this period, it milay be taken that they are correct, as far as size is concerned.The boots are hard and unyielding.They should be well softelned before serving out.I find the best softening agent is crude castor oil.Such boots should be immersed in this nmaterial for five or six days before giving them to recruiits.The stiffest parts, or the parts of the boot most liable to give rise to sores, are just above the hleel, the instep, and about the great toe, and such parts slhould be thoroughllv softened before the boot is given to the recruiit.As before stated, mnarclling, properly graduated, is an excellent treatment for flat-floot, coupled with good food and plhysical drill.It is really astounding how these
Childhood acute myeloid leukemia with <i>CBFβ‐MYH11</i> rearrangement: Study of incidence, morphology, cytogenetics, and clinical outcomes of Chinese in Hong Kong
Authors: Natalie P.H. Chan, W.S. Wong, Margaret H.L. Ng, K.S. Tsang, T.T. Lau, Yonna Leung, K.W. Chik, Mathew M.K. Shing, C.K. Li
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract We analyzed 43 consecutive cases of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for the presence of the CBFβ‐MYH11 rearrangement using molecular techniques in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Five cases (11.6%), 3 girls and 2 boys, ranging in age from 8 months to 14 years old, were found positive for the CBFβ‐MYH11 rearrangement. Morphologically, they were FAB M2 or M4 with or without eosinophilia (Eo). Typical M4Eo was observed in only one case. The molecular findings were in complete concordance with cytogenetic data, which revealed inv(16)(p13q22) in all and also gains of chromosome 4, 8, 22, and Y in one patient. Clinically, all 5 patients achieved complete remission after chemotherapy with favorable outcomes except for the patient with infantile AML, who relapsed 11 months after diagnosis, underwent cord blood transplantation, and was in second remission. This is the first clinicopathological study and documentation of the incidence of CBFβ‐MYH11 in childhood AML of Chinese in Hong Kong. Am. J. Hematol. 76:300–303, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polymorphisms of the PTGDR and LTC4S Influence Responsiveness to Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists in Korean Children with Asthma
Authors: H. Kim, M. Kang, J. Kwon, J. Seo, J. Yu, B. Kim, W. Choi, Y. Shin, S. Hong
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)