tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exploring Determinants of Secular Decreases in Childhood Blood Pressure and Hypertension
Authors: Young-Ho Khang, John W. Lynch
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Childhood blood pressure is largely uninfluenced by medical treatment and behavioral changes associated with hypertension diagnosis. Examining secular trends in childhood blood pressure and its contributing factors will help us better understand population-level determinants of blood pressure and hypertension. Methods and Results— Data were from 4 waves of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1998 and 2008, including a total of 5909 boys and girls 10 to 19 years of age. Over the past 10 years, age- and height-adjusted mean systolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 115.6 to 106.9 mm Hg (by 8.7 mm Hg) among boys and from 111.8 to 101.8 mm Hg (by 10.0 mm Hg) among girls. Associated childhood hypertension and prehypertension/hypertension prevalences decreased by 52% to 86%. These remarkable decreases were found among all age and socioeconomic groups and were not explained by secular changes in childhood obesity (body mass index and waist circumferences), health behaviors (cigarette smoking and physical activity), nutritional factors (sodium, potassium, total energy, protein, and fat intake), psychological factors (perceived stress and sleep duration), and sociodemographic factors (annual household income and family size). Conclusions— We observed important population declines in blood pressure in Korea over a 10-year period in children 10 to 19 years of age, but the likely causes for these secular trends remain to be determined.
ENHANCED ANTIANGIOGENIC EFFICACY OF PRODRUG NANOPARTICLES QUANTIFIED WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Dipanjan Pan, Ann Schmieder, Nibedita Sanyal, Xiaoxia Yang, Angana Senpan, John Allen, Huiying Zhang, Samuel Wickline, Gregory Lanza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Chronic disease causes more visits to emergency departments while visits for injuries fall, US study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The mix of patients seeking care in emergency departments in California has shifted, a new study shows, as the proportion of visits by patients needing care for injuries fell slightly while the proportion seeking care for non-injury diagnoses rose significantly.

In a study published in the current issue of Health Affairs 1 Renee Y Hsia, professor of emergency medicine at the University of California in San Francisco, and colleagues analyzed data on emergency department visits in the state of California from 2005 to 2011.

They found that, overall, the total number of emergency department visits in California during that period climbed from 10.1 million to 11.9 million—reflecting the rise in the state’s …
Evaluation of an Interferon Inducer in Viral Respiratory Disease
Authors: David A. Hill
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To evaluate the effect of an interferon inducer on respiratory tract virus infection, poly l.poly C was administered intranasally to volunteers for a seven-day period beginning one day prior to inoculation of rhinovirus 13 or type A2 influenza virus/Hong Kong/68. In three separate trials, toxic effects were not detected and there was a small, but definite, reduction in symptoms of upper-respiratory tract illness associated with drug treatment. However, there was a variable effect on the pattern of virus infection. In only one of the two rhinovirus studies was a reduction of virus shedding observed. Treatment did not decrease the shedding of type A2 influenza virus. The minimal amounts of nasal interferon stimulated by the intranasally administered poly l.poly C may have been responsible for the less-than-optimal results obtained.
Serving Survivors of Torture: A Practical Manual for Health Professionals and Other Service Providers
Authors: Joseph P. Frolkis
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Taking the Hippocratic oath is, in some ways, like taking the vows of marriage. We dutifully sign on "for better for worse" and pledge our ardor "in sickness and in health." Mostly, though, we are healthy when we say these words, and things are generally "better." Despite our earnestness, it is difficult to imagine a time when things might be different, when the debt—so to speak— might come due. Similarly, when we become physicians, we commit (in a general and vague sense, and in the safe confines of the graduation hall) to caring for all those who present to us with their suffering. Sooner in medicine than is usually the case in marriage, however, the dark side of the promise asserts itself. Patients we would rather avoid—because of their religion, race, sexual preferences, social habits, or the dangerous or disquieting aspects of their diagnoses—demand our attention, our compassion, and our
Reply to P. Tralongo et al
Authors: Kirsten Bell, Svetlana Ristovski-Slijepcevic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

helping to identify different categories of patients for the purpose of care and research. 12,13 Furthermore, such distinction would also satisfy the need for nonvalue-laden terms with universally recognized meaning; the clinical perspective in relation to the disease status; the need and value of patients' participatory adaptation (lifestyle changes, adherence to follow-up, screening, or treatments) in a dynamic, evolving, context; and the role and responsibility of doctors, nurses, and caregivers over time in relation to their patients' different experiences through the course of their lives with and after cancer.
Metastasizing Aggressive Angiomyxoma
Authors: Ramin Michael Siassi, Thomas Papadopoulos, Klaus E. Matzel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare myofibroblastic tumor that arises mainly in the perineum and genitalia in premenopausal women. Histologically, the tumor has a monomorphic pattern, with small, spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells dispersed in a loose, myxoid matrix and a characteristic vascular component. Cellularity is generally low, and mitoses are not seen. Despite this innocuous-looking histologic pattern, angiomyxoma has a strong tendency to be locally aggressive, with infiltrative growth and local recurrence.1 In approximately 100 documented cases, however, no evidence of distant metastasis has been reported. We describe a case of aggressive angiomyxoma of the pelvis that metastasized to . . .
Abstract 4222: Ion AmpliSeq Panel for the DNA sequencing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on Ion Torrent PGM.
Authors: Jose L. Costa, Arjen Mensenkamp, Alain Rico, Guoying Liu, Rosella Petraroli, Marjolijn Ligtenberg, Jose Carlos Machado
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The development of massive parallel sequencing (MPS) has revolutionized the field of genomics and created new avenues for basic research. The introduction of the benchtop sequencers enables the development of methodologies for genetic screening that are faster, more comprehensive and more cost-effective than conventional Sanger sequencing. In this study we describe a collaborative effort for the validation of a strategy for the screening of the breast cancer susceptibility genes- BRCA1 and BRCA2, making use of the most recent advances on Ion AmpliSeq™ multiplex PCR technology combined with Ion PGM™ System. Strict criteria were set to the design of the amplification primers: 1) 100% coverage of all coding exons and exon-intron boundaries; 2) amplicons covering exons must be overlapping; 3) primers must not overlap; 4) no SNPs in the last five nucleotides of primer; and 5) maximum of three non-validated SNPs per primer. Constitutional genomic DNA of 50 BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutated cases are used. The cases are divided in two groups. The first 20 cases are used to test and optimize the methodology and are selected based on the presence of mutations in or within close proximity to homopolymer regions. The additional 30 cases are used for an independent and blind evaluation and power estimation of the new methodology. All samples are studied using both “gold standard” Sanger sequencing and Ion PGM System. For data-analysis various software packages are evaluated. In the first 19 cases all SNPs and mutations, identified by Sanger sequencing were detected with our Ion AmpliSeq™ based approach. The disease-causing mutations identified included missense, nonsense and indel mutations. The number false positive results were always less than five per sample and reproducible. This work demonstrates the potential for mutational screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 using the Ion AmpliSeq™ technology combined with the Ion Torrent PGM. Citation Format: Jose L. Costa, Arjen Mensenkamp, Alain Rico, Guoying Liu, Rosella Petraroli, Marjolijn Ligtenberg, Jose Carlos Machado. Ion AmpliSeq Panel for the DNA sequencing of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on Ion Torrent PGM. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4222. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4222
Mecillinam: a new antibiotic for enteric fever.
Authors: P D Clarke, A M Geddes, D McGhie, J C Wall
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Mecillinam is a new antibiotic related to the penicillins but more active than ampicillin against salmonellae, including Salmonella typhi. Mecillinam must be administered parenterally, but the ester, pivmecillinam, is absorbed from the gut. Eight patients suffering from typhoid fever and one suffering from paratyphoid fever were treated with the antibiotic, and seven responded satisfactorily. One patient could not tolerate pivmecillinam because of vomiting but there were no other adverse reactions. Serum and bile levels of mecillinam were many times the minimum inhibitory concentrations for most salmonellae. The antibiotic is a promising addition to the agents available for treating typhoid.
The American Public and the Next Phase of the Health Care Reform Debate
Authors: Robert J. Blendon, John M. Benson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Congressional leaders and President Barack Obama are moving ahead to develop a single piece of major health care legislation, which will be debated, voted on by both houses of Congress, and, if enacted, sent to the President for his approval and signature. Previous research suggests that public opinion will play an important role in the outcome of this process. Experience suggests that although the final legislation is likely to be complex, the public will form an overall view leading it either to support or to oppose enactment, but this view can change substantially over time.Multiple factors may contribute to . . .
Functional Brain Imaging in a Patient with Giant Cisterna Magna
Authors: PREET S. KANG, VICENTE J. CARIDE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Radiology, Hospital of St. Raphael, New Haven, Connecticut Received for publication August 15, 2001. Revision accepted March 25, 2002. Correspondence: Vicente J. Caride, Hospital of St. Raphael, 1450 Chapel Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511. E-mail: [email protected]
Hematin Therapy in Acute Porphyria-Reply
Authors: D. Montgomery Bissell
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In my previous comment, there was insufficient space for a discussion of hematin. For acute porphyric attacks, I begin with a glucose infusion, as "conservative" therapy, but do not persist long with this. If a clinical response is not evident within 48 to 96 hours (or if neurological manifestations progress despite glucose), I administer hematin, using lyophilized material that has been freshly reconstituted. For both glucose infusions and hematin administration, there are no controlled trials, only anecdotal experiences. In most cases, hematin has proved to be dramatically more effective than glucose in reversing acute attacks. Its anticoagulant effects are transient and dose related. If coagulation is normal at the start of hematin therapy, bleeding complications appear to be rare.<sup>1</sup>In patients with a bleeding tendency (those receiving anticoagulants or patients after surgery), hematin may increase the risk of clinically significant blood loss. This risk obviously must be
Nitric oxide synthase 1 as a potential modifier gene of decline in lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: J Texereau
Journal: Thorax (2004)

<b>Background:</b> The severity of lung disease varies widely in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who have the same type of mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (<i>CFTR</i>) gene, suggesting involvement of "modifier" genes. The nitric oxide synthase 1 (<i>NOS1</i>) gene is a candidate for this role because exhaled nitric oxide (NO) is reduced in patients with CF and NOS1 activity contributes to transepithelial ionic transport, immune defence, and non-specific inflammation of the airways. <b>Methods:</b> Dinucleotide GT repeat polymorphism was studied in the 5′ untranslated region of the <i>NOS1</i> gene, immediately upstream from the transcription initiation site, in 59 patients with CF and 59 healthy controls. <b>Results:</b> Nineteen alleles of the <i>NOS1</i> gene were identified according to the number of GT repeats (from 18 to 36) in the 5 untranslated region. Exhaled NO levels were significantly correlated with the number of GT repeats. Patients with CF who had the <i>NOS1</i> genotype associated with high NO production had a slower decline in lung function during the 5 year follow up period. There was no confounding effect of age, chronic bacterial colonisation of the airway, or <i>CFTR</i> genotype. <b>Conclusions:</b> These data suggest a possible link between the <i>NOS1</i> gene locus and the rate of decline in lung function in patients with CF.
Coronary ultrasound thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction: results from the ACUTE study
Authors: U. Rosenschein, I. Hertz, E. Tenenbaum-Koren, L. Thueson, H.R. Andersen, S. Laniado, H.I. Miller, R. Erbell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Mutations in the gene encoding the 3′-5′ DNA exonuclease TREX1 cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome at the AGS1 locus
Authors: Yanick J Crow, Bruce E Hayward, Rekha Parmar, Peter Robins, Andrea Leitch, Manir Ali, Deborah N Black, Hans van Bokhoven, Han G Brunner, Ben C Hamel, Peter C Corry, Frances M Cowan, Suzanne G Frints, Joerg Klepper, John H Livingston, Sally Ann Lynch, Roger F Massey, Jean François Meritet, Jacques L Michaud, Gerard Ponsot, Thomas Voit, Pierre Lebon, David T Bonthron, Andrew P Jackson, Deborah E Barnes, Tomas Lindahl
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Metals in Particulate Pollutants Affect Peak Expiratory Flow of Schoolchildren
Authors: Yun-Chul Hong, Seung-Sik Hwang, Jin Hee Kim, Kyoung-Ho Lee, Hyun-Jung Lee, Kwan-Hee Lee, Seung-Do Yu, Dae-Seon Kim
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

BackgroundThe contribution of the metal components of particulate pollutants to acute respiratory effects has not been adequately evaluated. Moreover, little is known about the effects of genetic polymorphisms of xenobiotic metabolism on pulmonary function.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to assess lung function decrement associated with metal components in particulate pollutants and genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1.MethodsWe studied 43 schoolchildren who were in the 3rd to 6th grades. Each student measured peak expiratory flow rate three times a day for 42 days. Particulate air concentrations were monitored every day, and the concentrations of iron, manganese, lead, zinc, and aluminum in the particles were measured. Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genetic polymorphisms were determined using DNA extracted from participant buccal washings. We used a mixed linear regression model to estimate the association between peak expiratory flow rate and particulate air pollutants.ResultsWe found significant reduction in the peak expiratory flow rate after the children's exposure to particulate pollutants. The effect was shown most significantly 1 day after exposure to the ambient particles. Manganese and lead in the particles also reduced the peak expiratory flow rate. Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 did not significantly affect peak expiratory flow rate.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that particulate pollutants and metals such as manganese and lead in the particles are associated with a decrement of peak expiratory flow rate. These effects were robust even with consideration of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase.
A STUDY OF THE PROPHYLACTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF SEVERAL 8-AMINOQUINOLINES IN SPOROZOITE-INDUCED VIVAX MALARIA (CHESZON STRAIN) 1
Authors: Ralph Jones, Branch Craige, Alf S. Alving, C. Merrill Whorton, Theodore N. Pullman, Lillian Eichelberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1948)

In 1931 and 1933, James (1 to 3) reported the first work on the prophylactic activity of the standard antimalarial agents, quinine, quinacrine (atabrine), and pamaquin (plasmochin), in Plas- modium vivax malaria under controlled conditions.He demonstrated that neither quinine nor quinacrine, given as prophylactic agents in therapeutic doses, prevented malarial infection.Extensive ex- perience in the field (4 to 6) has corroborated this finding.James (3) also reported that when pamaquin was given in amounts approaching the maximum tolerated dose for eight days, starting the day be- fore sporozoite inoculation, none of the subjects developed malaria.Smaller doses protected only a few of the subjects.
Anti-idiotypes to monoclonal anti-H-2 antibodies. II. Expression of anti-H-2Kk idiotypes on antibodies induced by anti-idiotype or H-2Kk antigen.
Authors: J A Bluestone, S L Epstein, K Ozato, S O Sharrow, D H Sachs
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

Anti-idiotypic antibodies were prepared against two monoclonal anti-H-2Kk antibodies, 11-4.1 and 3-83P. These reagents were used to examine idiotype (Id) expression on anti-H-2Kk antibodies induced by the in vivo administration of the anti-idiotypic antibodies and/or H-2Kk antigen. Treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-Id induced both antigen-binding and nonantigen-binding Id-positive molecules in the absence of antigen. The level of production of anti-Id-induced Id (Id') has been shown to be linked to VH genes using allotype congenic mice and backcross analyses. The idiotypes expressed on the Id' induced in anti-Id-treated mice were closely related or identical to those of the original monoclonal anti-H-2Kk antibody. However, the idiotopes were present on immunoglobulins of different subclasses and in some cases were not all expressed on the same molecules, as reflected by differences in their antigen specificities and isoelectric focusing patterns. In vivo administration of anti-Id had a marked influence on the subsequent humoral response to immunization with H-2 antigen.
CS1 promotes multiple myeloma cell adhesion, clonogenic growth, and tumorigenicity via c-maf–mediated interactions with bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Yu-Tzu Tai, Ender Soydan, Weihua Song, Mariateresa Fulciniti, Kihyun Kim, Fangxin Hong, Xian-Feng Li, Peter Burger, Matthew J. Rumizen, Sabikun Nahar, Klaus Podar, Teru Hideshima, Nikhil C. Munshi, Giovanni Tonon, Ruben D. Carrasco, Daniel E. H. Afar, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm — Open versus Endovascular Repair
Authors: Frank A. Lederle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The publication in this issue of the Journal of the Dutch Randomized Endovascular Aneurysm Management (DREAM) trial1 and the recent publication of a similar study from the United Kingdom2 provide the first randomized comparisons of the endovascular and open techniques for elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Elective repair is undertaken to prevent the rupture of aneurysms, which carries a mortality rate of about 80 percent. More than 40,000 procedures are performed each year in the United States. Open surgical repair, in which the aneurysm is opened and a graft sewn into place under direct vision, has proved durable in . . .
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RENAL FUNCTION, ANTICOAGULATION LEVELS AND CLINICAL OUTCOME IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION AND UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN
Authors: Wouter Kikkert, Bimmer EPM Claessen, Annemarie E. Engstrom, Marije Vis, Jan Baan, Martijn Meeuwissen, Robbert J. de Winter, Jan GP Tijssen, Jan J. Piek, Jose PS Henriques
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Atrophic Gastritis and<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection in Patients with Reflux Esophagitis Treated with Omeprazole or Fundoplication
Authors: Ernst J. Kuipers, Lars Lundell, Elly C. Klinkenberg-Knol, Niilo Havu, Henk P.M. Festen, Bengt Liedman, Cornelius B.H.W. Lamers, Jan B.M.J. Jansen, Jan Dalenbäck, Pleun Snel, G. Frits Nelis, Stephan G.M. Meuwissen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Helicobacter pylori infection plays an important part in the development of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, conditions that predispose patients to gastric cancer. Profound suppression of gastric acid is associated with increased severity of gastritis caused by H. pylori, but it is not known whether acid suppression increases the risk of atrophic gastritis.
Restenosis Following Angioplasty in the Swine Coronary Artery Is Inhibited By an Orally Active PDGF-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, RPR101511A
Authors: Glenda Bilder, Tara Wentz, Robert Leadley, Dilip Amin, Lisa Byan, Betsey O’Conner, Saul Needle, Helen Galczenski, Jeffery Bostwick, Charles Kasiewski, Michael Myers, Alfred Spada, Linda Merkel, Cuong Ly, Paul Persons, Kenneth Page, Mark Perrone, Christopher Dunwiddie
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a purported mediator of arterial response to injury, stimulates proliferation, chemotaxis, and matrix production by activation of its membrane receptor tyrosine kinase. Because these activities underlie restenosis, inhibition of the PDGF-receptor tyrosine kinase (PDGFr-TK) is postulated to decrease restenosis. Methods and Results —RPR101511A is a novel compound which selectively and potently inhibits the cell-free and in situ PDGFr-TK and PDGFr-dependent proliferation and chemotaxis in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). To evaluate the effect of RPR101511A (30 mg · kg −1 · d −1 BID for 28 days following PTCA) on coronary restenosis, PTCA was performed in hypercholesterolemic minipigs whose left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery had been injured by overdilation and denudation, yielding a previously existing lesion. Angiographically determined prePTCA minimal lumen diameters (MLD) were similar in vehicle and RPR101511A-treated pigs (1.98±0.09 versus 2.01±0.08 mm) and increased to the same extent in the 2 groups following successful PTCA (2.30±0.06 versus 2.52±0.13). At termination, there was an average 50% loss of gain in the vehicle-treated group but no loss of gain with RPR101511A (2.16±0.05 versus 2.59±0.11, P &lt;0.001). Morphometric analysis of the LAD showed that RPR101511A caused a significant decrease in total intimal/medial ratio (0.96±0.58 versus 0.67±0.09, P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —RPR101511A, which acts by inhibition of the PDGFr-TK, completely prevented angiographic loss of gain following PTCA and significantly reduced histological intimal hyperplasia.
High-dose dexamethasone shifts the balance of stimulatory and inhibitory Fcγ receptors on monocytes in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Xin-guang Liu, Shi-hui Ma, Jian-zhi Sun, Juan Ren, Yan Shi, Lin Sun, Xiao-yuan Dong, Ping Qin, Cheng-shan Guo, Ming Hou, Jun Peng
Journal: Blood (2010)