tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Polio eradication as 2000 approaches.
Authors: A. J. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Background: The proto-oncogene pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG) is described as abundantly over-expressed in a variety of neoplasms with impact on neovascularization and tumor invasiveness. Based on these findings, we raised the question as to whether PTTG is a target for an anti-tumor therapy. Materials and Methods: To investigate the impact of PTTG depletion on the human cervical cancer cell line HELA-S3, we used antisense-oligodesoxynucleotides (antisense-ODNs) and subjected them to in vitro transfection experiments. The PTTG mRNA level was determined by RT-PCR (45 cycles) and PTTG protein levels were determined by Western blot experiments. The impact of PTTG depletion on cell growth was determined 24, 48 and 72 hours post transfection by the trypan blue exclusion method. Results: We found an antisense-ODN effective in down-regulation of PTTG mRNA and protein level. Furthermore, transfection resulted in a significant growth inhibitory effect as well as an increased level of apoptotic figures. Conclusion: Our studies revealed an anti-tumor potential for this target in cancer therapy.
Vital Capacity and Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: W. B. KANNEL, J. M. SEIDMAN, W. FERCHO, W. P. CASTELLI
Journal: Circulation (1974)

This report is concerned with an assessment of the utility of the vital capacity in anticipating the occurrence of congestive heart failure in susceptible persons before overt symptoms and signs. To this end, an examination of the relation of routinely measured biennial vital capacities to subsequent incidence of clinically overt myocardial decompensation over the next two years was undertaken. In 5209 persons so evaluated over an 18 year period it was found that risk of congestive heart failure varied over a 10-fold range in inverse proportion to their vital capacity (standardized for height) in persons still free of clinical evidence of myocardial decompensation. Also, among persons at high risk of failure (due to coronary disease, hypertension or rheumatic heart disease) chances of developing congestive failure were doubled in men with low vital capacities and tripled in women. Examination of the net contribution of vital capacity to risk of congestive failure revealed that a low vital capacity was associated with development of congestive failure even after taking into account other contributing factors including blood pressure, relative weight, pulse rate, cigarette smoking, heart enlargement on X-ray, ECG-LVH, blood glucose and age. Both a persistently low and a recent fall in vital capacity were associated with increased risk of congestive failure. Obstructive lung disease was not a factor in either case since FEV 1 /total vital capacity (TVC) was unrelated to congestive heart failure incidence. The simple total vital capacity thus appears to have considerable utility as a practical, noninvasive office procedure for evaluating failing left ventricular performance.
AIDS and intravenous drug use.
Authors: B A Evans, K D Macrae
Journal: BMJ (1987)

SIR,-Dr Simon Barley's article illustrates several common misconceptions about health care of the elderly.Firstly, he hints that it is unthinkable that health visitors should stop doing things that they already undertake.In the same edition of the BMJ, however, Ms Emily Grundy (p 626) shows that health visitors have already altered their practice.Between 1976 and 1984 they reduced their visits to the over 75s by 15%, thus opting to neglect the group with the most severe health problems.In the light of this shameful fact it is essential that they should reconsider their current practice and how they will allocate their time in the future.Secondly, the concept of employing 1900 additional staff seems unrealistic to Dr Barley.On the other hand, Mrs Cumberlege's report ad- vocated that practice nurses should be abolished, pointing out that continuing the current arrange- ments could necessitate the employment of an additional 20 000 nurses, mainly at the expense of central funds.General practitioners have argued for the retention of this facility, and the govern- ment seems willing to continue to foot the bill.So money and manpower can be made available for some actions but not for others.The care of the elderly, both in the community and in hospital, is expensive in time, money, and manpower.If we are to treat elderly people as they deserve and need we must face the financial consequences.There will be serious humanitarian consequences if we fail to fulfil our duties.The degree of civilisation of a society (or profession) may be judged by its attitudes to the care of the elderly.
Poly IC Triggers a Cathepsin D- and IPS-1-Dependent Pathway to Enhance Cytokine Production and Mediate Dendritic Cell Necroptosis
Authors: Jian Zou, Taro Kawai, Tetsuo Tsuchida, Tatsuya Kozaki, Hiroki Tanaka, Kyung-Sue Shin, Himanshu Kumar, Shizuo Akira
Journal: Immunity (2013)
The syndecan-1 heparan sulfate proteoglycan is a viable target for myeloma therapy
Authors: Yang Yang, Veronica MacLeod, Yuemeng Dai, Yekaterina Khotskaya-Sample, Zachary Shriver, Ganesh Venkataraman, Ram Sasisekharan, Annamaria Naggi, Giangiacomo Torri, Benito Casu, Israel Vlodavsky, Larry J. Suva, Joshua Epstein, Shmuel Yaccoby, John D. Shaughnessy, Bart Barlogie, Ralph D. Sanderson
Journal: Blood (2007)
Progressive Presynaptic Dopaminergic Deterioration in Huntington Disease
Authors: Josep Gamez, Carles Lorenzo-Bosquet, Gemma Cuberas-Borrós, Francesc Carmona, Mercedes Badía, Joaquin Castilló, Mercedes Badía, Oriol de Fabregues, Jorge Hernández-Vara, Joan Castell-Conesa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

To illustrate the potential of [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT DaTSCAN® in investigating the progression of presynaptic dopaminergic degeneration in Huntington disease (HD), we performed a 2-year follow-up [123I]-FP-CIT study on 4 HD patients, evaluating the SPECT imaging based on qualitative and semiquantitative analysis. The mean annual decline in [123I]-FP-CIT uptake in caudate and putamen after 2 years of follow-up was 5.8% and 9.6%, respectively. Our findings suggest that [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT is useful in investigating the progression of presynaptic dopaminergic degeneration in HD, and may be useful as a disease biomarker, providing an objective method for measuring the effectiveness of future neuroprotective therapies.
Adult staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: histological pitfalls and new diagnostic perspectives
Authors: C.M. Dobson, C.M. King
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Adult staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome: histological pitfalls and new diagnostic perspectives Get access C.M. Dobson, C.M. Dobson Departments of Dermatology andHistopathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, U.K. E‐mail: cdobson8@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.M. King C.M. King Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 5, 1 May 2003, Pages 1068–1069, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05323.x Published: 01 May 2003
Generalised lymphangiectasia: pulmonary presentation in an adult.
Authors: J. E. White, D. Veale, D. Fishwick, L. Mitchell, P. A. Corris
Journal: Thorax (1996)

A 25 year old man presented with dyspnoea and was found to have generalised, but predominantly pulmonary, lymphangiectasis without gastrointestinal symptoms. This is an unusual presentation of a disorder previously diagnosed only in childhood.
Lipopolysaccharide Induces Alveolar Macrophage Necrosis via CD14 and the P2X7 Receptor Leading to Interleukin-1α Release
Authors: Jargalsaikhan Dagvadorj, Kenichi Shimada, Shuang Chen, Heather D. Jones, Gantsetseg Tumurkhuu, Wenxuan Zhang, Kolja A. Wawrowsky, Timothy R. Crother, Moshe Arditi
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Points: Laburnum "poisoning"
Authors: J M Morfitt, H Ippen
Journal: BMJ (1981)

question about the distinction between a Down's syndrome baby aged 1 week and a fetus of 20 weeks' gestation (28 November, p 1464) has, I think, an answer in a recent article by the legal correspondent of the Lancet.'Killing a baby of 1 week is illegal because in English law it is held to be a "living being" in a way that a fetus of 20 weeks is not (despite the fact that a fetus, or zygote, is even more distinctly alive than most living human tissue and has unique potential).The baby is capable of an independent existence, and so, of course, potentially is a fetus of 28 weeks or more (or perhaps 24 weeks, as discussed recently).Its independence exists even though (as Diana Brahams points out') it may be attached to its mother by the umbilical cord, and obviously is almost totally dependant on it for food....
TH9 cells that express the transcription factor PU.1 drive T cell–mediated colitis via IL-9 receptor signaling in intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Katharina Gerlach, YouYi Hwang, Alexej Nikolaev, Raja Atreya, Heike Dornhoff, Stefanie Steiner, Hans-Anton Lehr, Stefan Wirtz, Michael Vieth, Ari Waisman, Frank Rosenbauer, Andrew N J McKenzie, Benno Weigmann, Markus F Neurath
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
Degradation of Human Fibrinogen by Plasma α2-Macroglobulin-Enzyme Complexes
Authors: Peter C. Harpel, Michael W. Mosesson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

This study demonstrates that human plasma alpha(2)-macroglobulin preparations possess an enzymic activity that degrades fibrinogen, resulting in the formation of products whose structure resembles that of circulating fibrinogen catabolites. The sequence of degradation is similar to that observed in plasmin-catalyzed digests, in that Aalpha-chain fragmentation precedes that of Bbeta-chain. The addition of plasminogen activators to plasma induced an increase in the N-alpha-tosyl-l-arginine methyl ester HCl esterase and fibrinogenolytic activity associated with alpha(2)-macroglobulin purified from this plasma, indicating that the enzymic activity of the complex was preserved and could be increased in the presence of other plasma enzyme inhibitors. Immunochemical studies demonstrated that an alpha(2)-macroglobulin-plasmin complex had formed in urokinase-treated plasma. This alpha(2)-macroglobulin preparation manifested an esterolytic profile like that of a complex prepared from plasmin and purified alpha(2)-macroglobulin. After complex formation with alpha(2)-macroglobulin in plasma, plasmin retained less than 0.1% of its fibrinogenolytic activity. That plasmin expressed its activity while bound to alpha(2)-macroglobulin was suggested by immunoprecipitation of this activity with alpha(2)-macroglobulin antibody and by the demonstration that pancreatic trypsin inhibitor did not effectively inhibit its fibrinogenolytic or esterolytic activity. These results raise the possibility that, in addition to its activity as a major plasma proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, alpha(2)-macroglobulin may modulate enzyme-substrate interactions, such as those resulting in the formation of circulating fibrinogen catabolites, by providing a mechanism for the preservation and protection of a portion of the enzymic activity in the presence of other circulating inhibitors.
PD-1/PD-L1 expression in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 carriers and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patients
Authors: T Kozako, M Yoshimitsu, H Fujiwara, I Masamoto, S Horai, Y White, M Akimoto, S Suzuki, K Matsushita, K Uozumi, C Tei, N Arima
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
Strategic Thinking About Gun Markets and Violence
Authors: Philip J. Cook
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Handguns, like cars, are durable, dangerous commodities, long prevalent in American households, with millions sold new every year. But unlike cars, handguns are the subject of an acrimonious national debate concerning appropriate restrictions on commerce, ownership, and use. The principal animus for this debate is the link between handguns and crime; they are, after all, the principal tool in lethal assaults, but for many people they are also a valued tool for self-defense against violent predators. The potential for both good and ill underlies the apparently conflicting trends in the policy arena: While in recent years a number of states have eased restrictions on carrying concealed guns, the federal government and some states have taken steps to regulate handgun sales more closely and crack down on illicit gun trafficking. Yet both trends arguably fit the overarching objective, broadly supported by the American public,<sup>1</sup>of preserving legitimate uses while suppressing
Individual Music Therapy for Mental Health Care Clients with Low Therapy Motivation: Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Christian Gold, Karin Mössler, Denise Grocke, Tor Olav Heldal, Lars Tjemsland, Trond Aarre, Leif Edvard Aarø, Hans Rittmannsberger, Brynjulf Stige, Jörg Assmus, Randi Rolvsjord
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2013)

Music therapy (MT) has been shown to be efficacious for mental health care clients with various disorders such as schizophrenia, depression and substance abuse. Referral to MT in clinical practice is often based on other factors than diagnosis. We aimed to examine the effectiveness of resource-oriented MT for mental health care clients with low motivation for other therapies.This was a pragmatic parallel trial. In specialised centres in Norway, Austria and Australia, 144 adults with non-organic mental disorders and low therapy motivation were randomised to 3 months of biweekly individual, resource-oriented MT plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. TAU was typically intensive (71% were inpatients) and included the best combination of therapies available for each participant, excluding MT. Blinded assessments of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and 15 secondary outcomes were collected before randomisation and after 1, 3 and 9 months. Changes were analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using generalised estimating equations in longitudinal linear models, controlling for diagnosis, site and time point.MT was superior to TAU for total negative symptoms (SANS, d = 0.54, p < 0.001) as well as functioning, clinical global impressions, social avoidance through music, and vitality (all p < 0.01).Individual MT as conducted in routine practice is an effective addition to usual care for mental health care clients with low motivation.
Abstract 1859: Stress Echocardiography can Risk Stratify and Prognosticate Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Sripal Bangalore, Emad Aziz, Rabia Arshad, Ajay Shah, Ramya Smitha Suryadevara, Naohiko Imai, Sanobar Parkar, Deborah Cantales, Siu-Sun Yao, Farooq A Chaudhry
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background:  Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a marker for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the role of stress echocardiography for risk stratification and prognosis of patients with LVH is limited.   Methods:  We evaluated 1112 patients (mean age 62 ± 13 years, 35% men) with LVH (defined by LV mass index >134 g/m 2  for men and 110 g/m 2  for women). LV mass was calculated using the Troy’s formula (LV mass = 1.05[( LVEDD + IVS + PW) 3  -LVEDD 3 ]) which is recommended by the American Society of Echocardiography. Abnormal stress echo studies were defined as those with stress-induced ischemia. Followup (2.6 ± 1.0 years) for confirmed myocardial infarction (n = 28) and cardiac death (n = 44) were obtained.   Results:  An abnormal stress echo portends a 4.5 times higher event rate compared to normal stress echo study (Event rate 4.5%/ y vs. 1.0%/y; OR = 4.9 95% CI = 2.8 – 8.6,  P   0.0001 ). A forward conditional cox proportional regression model showed that stress echocardiography provided incremental prognostic value over clinical, stress EKG and rest echocardiography variables (Figure). Age, basal heart rate, positive stress EKG response, lower ejection fraction and ischemia on stress echocardiogram were significant multivariable predictors of hard events.   Conclusions:  Stress echocardiography effectively risk stratifies and provides incremental prognostic value over clinical, stress EKG and rest echocardiographic variables  even  in patients with LVH. A normal study portends a benign prognosis while ishemia on stress echo is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular events. Stress echocardiography should be routinely used in the prognostic model for patients with LVH.
Organic N-chloramines: chemistry and toxicology.
Authors: F E Scully, M A Bempong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

The stability of aqueous solutions of organic N-chloramines, suspected of contaminating chlorinated water, has been studied. Two factors influence the decomposition of solutions of N-chloropiperidine and N-chlorodiethylamine: a spontaneous decomposition and photodecomposition. Since solutions of these compounds are relatively long-lived, a need for an analytical method for their identification is discussed. A new method is described which involves reaction of organic N-chloramines with arenesulfinic acid salts. The method gives high yields of stable arenesulfonamides. Several toxicological studies of N-chloropiperidine are described. The compound is mutagenic by Ames assay in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA 100 and does not require metabolic activation as indicated in a total body fluids analysis using C57BL/J6 mice. N-Chloropiperidine was subjected to a modified in vitro cell transformation assay using diploid fibroblast cells from Syrian hamster fetuses. A maximum number of foci of 4 per dish was observed at a seeding of 5 X 10(3) cells/60 mm dish. Under similar conditions, MNNG-induced foci ranged from 4 to 7 per dish.
Fatty acid–induced mitochondrial uncoupling elicits inflammasome-independent IL-1α and sterile vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis
Authors: Stefan Freigang, Franziska Ampenberger, Adrienne Weiss, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti, Yoichiro Iwakura, Martin Hersberger, Manfred Kopf
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Hazards of Declichéfication
Authors: Samuel Bigg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  Shamed by your admonitions (The Cliche, 202 : 723, 1967), I have eschewed cliches in writing and speech. The effect of this fastidiousness on the quality of language was gratifying, but communication lost much efficacy, as illustrated by the following episode:  The other night at the club, as I was about to order my usual Scotch-on-the-rocks, I bethought myself to replace the worn cliche by a fresh metaphor. Accordingly, I asked for a Scotch- on-the-icebergs . The frozen smile on the waiter's face bespoke no understanding. Simplifying the image, I requested a Scotch- on-the-tinklers . Again, there was no response. Only when, in exasperation, I ordered Scoth- on-the-clinking-marbles did the waiter, displaying comprehension, bring me a drink, which I quickly gulped down. Unfortunately, in the semi-darkness of the clubroom, I failed to notice that the marbles in the glass were not metaphoric.  The next few days will determine whether the
114. Revisiting rAAV Vector Integration in scid Mice: DNA-PKcs Deficiency Does Not Substantially Increase Integration Frequency in Hepatic and Non-Hepatic Tissues In Vivo
Authors: Katsuya Inagaki, Theresa A. Storm, Mark A. Kay, Hiroyuki Nakai
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Top of pageAbstract
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) plays an important role in rAAV vector transduction. Recently, it has been reported that rAAV vector genome integration into chromosomes is substantially increased in scid mouse muscles and livers (PNAS 98: 4084, 2001; PNAS 101:2112, 2004). In scid livers, they observed that >40% of transgene expression and >50% of vector genomes remained after partial hepatectomy (PHx). However, we have not been able to confirm their observations. Rather we have found that liver regeneration is impaired and slowed in scid mice, particularly in older animals, resulting in insufficient dilution of episomal genomes after PHx. In order to revisit this subject, we have established a method that can directly quantify integrated vector genomes by Southern blot, and performed an experiment with a careful monitoring of liver regeneration after PHx. Since we found that animal age is a critical factor for liver regeneration in scid mice, we prepared relatively young age-matched 8-week-old C57BL/6 and C57BL/6 scid male mice. We injected these mice with AAV2 or 8-ISceI.AO3 vector as indicated in Table 1 (n=5|[ndash]|6 per group). The AAV-ISceI.AO3 vectors had an ISceI site in their vector genomes. With these vectors and ISceI digestion, we could clearly separate episomal and integrated vector genomes in transduced tissues, therefore quantify the amount of integrated vector genomes by Southern blot. 7 weeks after injection, 3 mice from each group underwent PHx, and all the mice were sacrificed 8 weeks after PHx. Careful liver weight measurement revealed that liver regeneration in scid mice was impaired by a factor of 0.88. Vector genome copy numbers at and 8 weeks after PHx are summarized in Table 1. The results demonstrate that vector genome copy numbers substantially dropped by 71|[ndash]|90% in scid mouse livers, and there was no significant difference in the reduction of vector genome copy numbers between B6 and scid mice. This sharply contrasts with the previous observations by Song et al. In addition, Southern blot analysis that can quantify integrated vector genomes revealed no detectable integrated vector genomes in any of the liver, skeletal muscle and kidney. Thus we conclude that scid phenotype does not substantially increase rAAV vector genome integration frequency at a detectable level in vivo.
Medicine in China.
Authors: S H Lamm
Journal: BMJ (1974)

affected bowel was resected.The patient was given massive doses of steroids, antibiotics, and fluid replacement for septicaemic shock and gradually recovered.Clinical features of myxoedema were then apparent and this was confirmed by iodine studies.The patient's appearance and bowel habit returned to normal with thyroxine.Histologically, the resected bowel showed features of acute ischaemic colitis.Constipation and albdominal distension are well-recognized features of hypothyroidism.Gross colonic dilatation in this patient was followed by mucosal ischaemia and necrosis, allowing the development of septicaemic shock secondary to invasive infection.The usually fatal outco.me in this condition was avoided by prompt excision of the diseased bowel and intensive therapy for septicaemic shock.-Weare, etc.,
FACTORS DETERMINING THE LOSS OF STRENGTH OF CATGUT WHEN EMBEDDED IN TISSUE
Authors: EDWARD L. HOWES
Journal: JAMA (1928)

It has been customary, since the investigations of Lister, to treat catgut in such a fashion as to insure its persistence in the tissues for the time necessary for the thorough consolidation of the wound. This has been accomplished in great part by the chromicizing of the gut, and the intensity of the chemical reaction has been tested by the presence or absence of it as determined by histologic examination in the tissues of an experimental animal. It is customary to designate the product as ten day, twenty day or forty day catgut or otherwise to indicate the time that it may be expected to persist in the tissue.  Notwithstanding this, surgeons have observed under certain conditions that wounds supposedly well closed with such gut reopen, and that the gut has dissolved or has broken. It has been assumed that the reopening of the wound was the result of defective