tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Falciparum malaria despite chemoprophylaxis.
Authors: S J Bentley
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy SIR,-While we would agree with the views of Mr V Moshakis (14 April, p 1014) concerning the inadequacies of the conventional barium meal, we disagree with his assertion that endoscopy should be the primary investigation of suspected upper gastrointestinal disease.That conclusion certainly cannot be drawn from our article "Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: its effect on patient management" (24 March, p 775), to which he refers.
Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Consensus Algorithm for the Initiation and Adjustment of Therapy: A Consensus Statement From the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Authors: David M. Nathan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

We anticipated that our consensus algorithm (1) would generate some controversy, but we are pleased with the general level of appreciation expressed in the letters, albeit with some disagreements. Dr. Cryer (2) specifically endorses the recommendation in our consensus algorithm to use insulin earlier in the treatment course of type 2 diabetes but takes issue with the relatively low frequency of severe hypoglycemia that we cited for insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, which was defined in accordance with the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and compared with the rate in type 1 diabetes. As Dr. Cryer notes, our estimates were based on data from “clinical trials aimed at normoglycemia and achieving a mean A1C of ∼7%.” Dr. Cryer cited review articles (including some referenced by us) and other empiric studies (uncontrolled clinical trials) that suggested a much higher risk for severe hypoglycemia in insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients than we described.

The reasons that we chose data from controlled clinical trials to establish the expected risk for severe hypoglycemia with insulin therapy, rather than refer to other clinical data referenced by Dr. Cryer, include their more careful and uniform assessment of adverse events, such as hypoglycemia; their use of consensus definitions established a priori; their ability to compare frequency of hypoglycemia among trials using intensive therapy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes; and, perhaps most …
Lupus erythematosus with antiphospholipid syndrome and erythema multiforme-like lesions
Authors: None Marzano, None Berti, None Gasparini, None Caputo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

The occurrence of erythema multiforme (EM) in patients with lupus erythematosus (LE) has been described previously as a coincidental association. In contrast, LE with EM-like lesions and a peculiar immunological pattern, including positive rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies and a serum antibody against an extract of human tissues recently recognized as similar to Ro (SSA), constitutes an established entity named Rowell's syndrome. We describe a woman with LE and long-standing widespread vesiculobullous and necrotic haemorrhagic EM-like lesions in combination with Ro (SSA) and scl-70 antibodies and the typical laboratory findings of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), namely lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. This case could conceivably be consistent with a diagnosis of Rowell's syndrome, if the latter is regarded as a clinicopathological spectrum. However, the coexistence of LE, persistent EM-like disease and incomplete APS may also fulfil the diagnostic criteria for the 'multiple autoimmune syndromes'. We speculate that the laboratory markers of APS play a pivotal part in such an unusual clinical presentation.
C5a-mediated neutrophil dysfunction is RhoA-dependent and predicts infection in critically ill patients
Authors: Andrew Conway Morris, Mairi Brittan, Thomas S. Wilkinson, Danny F. McAuley, Jean Antonelli, Corrienne McCulloch, Laura C. Barr, Neil A. McDonald, Kev Dhaliwal, Richard O. Jones, Annie Mackellar, Christopher Haslett, Alasdair W. Hay, David G. Swann, Niall Anderson, Ian F. Laurenson, Donald J. Davidson, Adriano G. Rossi, Timothy S. Walsh, A. John Simpson
Journal: Blood (2011)
Is Restoring Platinum Sensitivity the Best Goal for Cetuximab in Recurrent/Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Cancer?
Authors: Lisa Licitra, Paolo Bossi, Laura D. Locati, Cristiana Bergamini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Recurrent and/or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a chemosensitive neoplasm, with response rates exceeding 50% in chemotherapy-naive patients. 1 Further chemotherapy lines, including cisplatin-based regimens, in patients with either recurring or progressing disease following previous platinum-based chemotherapy given as part of the primary treatment and/or for treatment of recurrence, provide response rates ranging from 14% to 77%. [2][[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Median time to progression of responsive cases ranges from 4 to 25.3 months 2,3,5,6,9,11,12 as compared with 2.5 to 6 months in patients with stable disease (SD). 2,3,11 In this latter group of patients, a recent study by Chan et al 13 reported that adding cetuximab to cisplatin obtained an overall response rate of 11.7%, along with 48.3% of patients with SD.The authors claim that these results, together with a favorable toxicity profile, justify the use of the combination.Moreover, they would support the finding that "cetuximab seems to be able to overcome resistance to previously administered chemotherapy."In our opinion, these results are unsatisfactory.Their overall response rate compares unfavorably with rates in other published studies on platinum-based pretreated cases.We understand that disease stabilization might well be an end point.However, the proportion of patients with SD is not tantamount to disease stabilization, since SD, recorded as the best response according to conventional response criteria, simply means that the patient did not have an early progression (only early progressions are codified as progressive disease, all the other cases being either partial response/complete response or SD, so that a patient might qualify for SD even if this response lasts for only a few weeks).Of course, time to treatment progression (TTP) is a much more appropriate method of rendering the real entity of disease stabilization.In this study, median TTP was 81 days.Interestingly, TTP was 173 days for partial responders, and 106 days for patients with SD.In a way, these results further confirm the clinical relevance of achieving a response, even under the perspective of disease stabilization.In other words, a significant freedom from disease progres-
Bisphenol AF Is a Full Agonist for the Estrogen Receptor ERα but a Highly Specific Antagonist for ERβ
Authors: Ayami Matsushima, Xiaohui Liu, Hiroyuki Okada, Miki Shimohigashi, Yasuyuki Shimohigashi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Bisphenol AF has been acknowledged to be useful for the production of CF3-containing polymers with improved chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Because of the lack of adequate toxicity data, bisphenol AF has been nominated for comprehensive toxicological characterization.
Cellular Infiltration of the Human Arterial Adventitia Associated with Atheromatous Plaques
Authors: C. J. SCHWARTZ, J. R. A. MITCHELL
Journal: Circulation (1962)

Homogeneous collections of cells resembling small lymphocytes have been found in the adventitia of atheromatous arteries, and the prevalence and degree of cellular infiltration have been shown to correlate closely with the severity of the plaques. The cells are found in the aorta, coronary, iliac, and carotid arteries; but in the carotid arteries the infiltration is less marked. Arterial blocks containing recent thrombus show more cellular infiltration than blocks without thrombus and with recanalizing thrombus. The location and significance of the adventitial cellular infiltration is unknown, but it may play a part in the etiology or pathogenesis of arterial plaques.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC FILM EXAMINING ILLUMINATING BOX
Authors: Morris H. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Heretofore, it has been customary for physicians reading electrocardiographic films to hold them up to the artificial light and move them back and forth. This position is not conducive to accurate analysis, and is not practicable for demonstration to a class. The illuminating box that I have perfected for the reading of electrocardiographic films is essentially analogous to that used for the reading of roentgenograms, except that the light here, which is in the upper compartment, is reflected from an inclined mirror placed on the floor of the cabinet. Vent openings are placed to the rear of the upper compartment. With this arrangement, the film may be studied for a considerable time without perceptible heating. The accompanying illustration shows the translucent glass plate over which the film is inserted. The two drawers are a convenience: one to contain the electric cord and the other for the measuring instruments and magnifying
Synergistic action of vasodilators that increase cGMP and cAMP in the hamster cremaster microcirculation
Authors: C. D. Wit, P. Von Bismarck, U. Pohl
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: Compounds such as endothelium derived nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2) which increase cGMP and cAMP inhibit platelet activation in a synergistic manner. The aim of this study was to examine whether these compounds also interact synergistically in the control of smooth muscle tone. Methods: Vascular diameters in the cremaster of 49 anaesthetised hamsters (465 arterioles) were studied during superfusion with compounds raising cAMP (isoprenaline and prostacyclin) and cGMP (sodium nitroprusside) alone or in combination. Results: (1) The isoprenaline induced maximum dilator response was significantly attenuated, from 86.1(SEM 0.7)% to 37.1(0.2)%, after inhibition of NO-synthase with NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 30μM). Superfusion with sodium nitroprusside (30 nM, dilatation alone: 6.7%), which was used to substitute for endothelium derived NO, restored the attenuated isoprenaline response. The combined effects of isoprenaline and sodium nitroprusside were supra-additive. Virtually identical results were obtained when prostacyclin, another cAMP raising compound, was used instead of isoprenaline. The K+ channel opener cromakalim (100 nM) which acts cGMP independently was without effect on the prostacyclin induced dilator response. (2) The sodium nitroprusside induced maximum dilator response was attenuated from 80.9(0.25)% to 70.1(0.4)%, after indomethacin (3 μM) and restored by simultaneous application of prostacyclin (1 nM, dilatation alone: 1.4%) but not of cromakalim. Again, the combined effects were supra-additive, suggesting a synergistic action of these compounds. (3) Although indomethacin or L-NNA alone decreased the resting diameter by approximately 9.5%, the simultaneous application of both inhibitors failed to decrease the resting diameter further (10.0%, p = 0.97). Conclusions: Vasodilators increasing cGMP and cAMP act synergistically in vivo. Continuous release of NO and prostaglandins by the endothelium may therefore not only modulate the efficacy of such cyclic nucleotide increasing vasodilators but also interact synergistically in controlling basal vascular tone. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:1513-1518
THE TRANSMISSION OF HEMOPHILIA
Authors: C. A. Mills
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Bullock and Fildes,<sup>1</sup>in their monograph on hemophilia, gave a critical review of all reports in the literature dealing with the transmission of this disease. They supported the law promulgated by Nasse<sup>2</sup>in 1820 that hemophilia was transmitted only through the female members of affected families but appeared only in the males. The reports of its apparent transmission through the male they discarded on the ground that it may have been introduced by unaffected females from unknown but affected families marrying into the family under observation. This point is not susceptible of proof one way or another, but on the basis of the work of Nasse and of Bullock and Fildes, practically all textbooks dealing with hemophilia now define it as an abnormal tendency to bleed, appearing only in the male sex, usually early in life, but transmitted only by the unaffected females. In this connection I present
Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis with arthritis and cardiac infiltration: regression following treatment for underlying malignancy.
Authors: C M Lambert, G Nuki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

The case is reported of a 63 year old man presenting with a rapidly destructive symmetrical polyarthritis and widespread papular nodular skin lesions, confirmed by a biopsy to be due to multicentric reticulohistiocytosis. Biventricular cardiac failure developed secondary to extensive myocardial infiltration with multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, a complication of this disease which has not previously been reported. The joint, skin, and cardiac manifestations of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis substantially regressed following resection of an associated squamous cell carcinoma. This report adds to the small amount of published work which suggests that multicentric reticulohistiocytosis can be a paraneoplastic disease that may respond to treatment directed at the underlying tumour.
TCT-69 Evaluating The Learning Curve In A Clinical Trial Using A New Percutaneous Left Ventricular Support System. Observations From The PROTECT II Trial
Authors: Dagmar M. Ouweneel, Igor F. Palacios, Jeffrey Popma, E. Magnus Ohman, William W. O'Neill, Jose P. Henriques
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tests of Immunity in Histoplasmosis
Authors: Michael L. Furcolow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

VARIOUS measures of immunity in histoplasmosis, both laboratory and clinical, are available. The laboratory tests used are skin tests and circulating antibodies. The clinical measures of immunity are racial differences in response to infection, sex differences, differences in the protection offered by prior infection against reinfection, increased susceptibility or immunity occasioned by the presence of another disease and the influence of drugs or therapeutic agents in increasing or aggravating the disease.No attempt will be made here to discuss artificial immunity, particularly experiments in animals, although numbers of these have been performed.The skin-test sensitivity seems to develop somewhat more . . .
Stable Insulin for Implantable Delivery Systems: In Vitro Studies With Different Containers and Solvents
Authors: Jean-Louis Selam, Phedon Zirinis, Marc Mellet, Jacques Mirouze
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

The stability of a new insulin formulation (lyophilized U100 insulin, Organon) was investigated in vitro in conditions reproducing those of in vivo implanted devices, i.e., constant horizontal agitation at 37°C for 4 wk in various containers and 8 wk in different solvents. Physical stability was assessed by ultraviolet absorption, chemical stability by HPLC, and biological stability by hypoglycemia tests in mice. Insulin precipitated in glass vials but remained clear and active in polyethylene reservoirs and after passage through catheter and pumps in motion, although only 83–90% of insulin was delivered chemically intact. In acidic solvent, insulin showed a major gradual transformation into deamidized derivatives (up to 78% after 8 wk), although still fully active and clear, as expected from previously published excellent in vivo results with acidic insulins. Heparin addition to neutral insulin solution (500 IU/ml) did not alter the properties of the two compounds and might thus be tried to prevent in vivo catheter obstruction due to fibrin deposition.
A NEW ADENOID CURETTE FOE ROSENMÜLLER'S FOSSA.
Authors: J. F. BYINGTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The occasional invasion of Rosenmüller's fossæ by adenoid vegetations, and my inability to remove them thoroughly by any instrument which has come to my notice, without at the same time doing injury to the cartilage of the Eustachian tube, has led me, after examination of cadavers and of the dimensions and position of this fossa, to devise the instrument here described. A glance at the anatomy of the parts will show the desirability of clearing Rosenmüller's fossa if it is invaded by adenoid tissue. A cross section of the Eustachian tube near its pharyngeal orifice (Fig. 1) shows it to be composed of a cartilaginous and membranous portion. The section of the cartilage is U-shaped, with the opening downward. The posterior medial plate is wider vertically than the antero-external plate. The remainder of the periphery of the tube is the membranous portion, which occupies the greater part of the antero-external
Cell migration and DNA synthesis in organ culture of human skin
Authors: P.M. GAYLARDE, I. SARKANY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Cell migration and DNA synthesis in organ cultured skin were studied. Cell migration leads to the formation of a new epithelial layer around the free edges of the dermis. No significant DNA synthesis occurs in this newly formed epithelium. In contrast, DNA synthesis in the original epidermis is maintained throughout the period of culture as shown by the uptake of radioactive thymidine. Addition of hydrocortisone to the culture medium increases cell migration, and phytohaemagglutinin, while dramatically stimulating mitotic activity, suppresses cell migration. These results show that an increase in epithelial cell division is accompanied by diminished cell migration whereas an increase in cell migration occurs in the presence of a decrease in epithelial cell division. The behavaiour of skin in organ culture during the first 48-72 h can be compared with that seen in wound healing.
Acute Isoniazid Intoxication — Management by Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Arthur E. Coceo, Lawrence J. Pazourek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IN spite of the widespread use of isonicotinic acid hydrazide since 1952 few accidental poisonings are reported. Four cases of acute isoniazid intoxication have been reported in the English literature. The first was by Katz and Carver1 in which a nineteen-month-old child ingested 900 mg. of isoniazid and was successfully treated by exchange transfusion. Soon thereafter Livingston, Petersen and Peck2 described a 10-kg., twenty-six-month-old patient who was estimated to have ingested 1500 mg. of isoniazid. These workers chose to treat their patient symptomatically, with barbiturates and intravenous infusions. The last report was that of Hyatt,3 who successfully treated 2 children, . . .
Anticoagulants in Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Last (?) Word
Authors: ALBERT J. WASSERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Editorials1 October 1969Anticoagulants in Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Last (?) WordALBERT J. WASSERMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.ALBERT J. WASSERMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-4-855 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough anticoagulants have been used in the care of patients with acute myocardial infarction for more than 20 years (1), the efficacy of such therapy has remained in doubt. Until recent years such therapy was commonly the only active treatment routinely given to the patient. With the current emphasis on prevention and treatment of arrhythmias (2) a reconsideration of the role of anticoagulants seems advisable. Two recent publications are notable in this regard.Gifford and Feinstein (3) reviewed the methods used in the 27 studies reported in the English-language literature comparing an anticoagulant-treated group with a control group during the...References1. WRIGHTMARPLEBECK ISDCDF: Anticoagulant therapy of coronary thrombosis with myocardial infarction. JAMA 138: 1074, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LOWNFAKHROHOODTHORN BAMWBGW: The coronary care unit. New perspectives and directions. JAMA 199: 188, 1967. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GIFFORDFEINSTEIN RHAR: Critique of studies of anticoagulant therapy for myocardial infarction. New Eng. J. Med. 280: 351, 1969. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. CARLETONSANDERSBURACK RACAWR: Heparin administration after acute myocardial infarction. New Eng. J. Med. 263: 1002, 1960. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WASSERMANGUTTERMANYOEKEMPRICHARDSON AJLAKBVEDW: Anticoagulants in acute myocardial infarction. The failure of anticoagulants to alter mortality in a randomized series. Amer. Heart J. 71: 43, 1966. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. : Assessment of short-term anticoagulant administration after cardiac infarction. Brit. Med. J. 1: 335, 1969. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. TATLEWIS RJAE: Levels of equivalence for various measurements of coumarin activity. JAMA 180: 744, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. OWREN PA: Control of anticoagulant therapy. The use of new tests. Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 111: 248, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Medical College of Virginia Health Sciences Division Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Va. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByReduction of Hospital Mortality from Acute Myocardial Infarction by Anticoagulant TherapyUse of Hydrocortisone in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction 1 October 1969Volume 71, Issue 4Page: 855-856KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionAnticoagulant therapyAnticoagulantsArrhythmiaPatients Issue Published: 1 October 1969 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A basis for updating our approach to resistant acute leukemia
Authors: Isabel Cunningham
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

No studies exist documenting that chemotherapy alone eradicates tumors composed of leukemic cells in a large group of patients with tumors at any one site. Yet, its use has continued over 40 years in the absence of data. Consensus protocols exist only for testis and meningeal tumors, relying on local therapy. To constitute a body of knowledge about tumors at one site, the breast was chosen and all published cases were analyzed, with follow-up obtained, to document the behavior of acute leukemia tumors and survival after presentation. Among 235 cases (52% published since 2000), overall survival was poor, particularly for the 43% with concurrent morphologic marrow relapse, with 66-73% one-year mortality. Only 4 of 106 patients treated with chemotherapy alone survived 4 years. The majority of AML and ALL tumors were only transiently responsive to anti-leukemia treatments, including transplant, and next relapses were as, or more, common in further tumors than in marrow. A pattern of tumors similar to the metastases of invasive lobular breast cancer was revealed. When relapse occurred in marrow, durable remission was only rarely obtained. These data suggest a potential benefit of incorporating extent of disease workup at diagnosis and relapse into prospective trials. This could yield an accurate incidence of extramedullary tumors and a means to identify occult residual disease which could lead to marrow relapse. This approach could potentially result in greater success in curing acute leukemias.
PARP-14 combines with tristetraprolin in the selective posttranscriptional control of macrophage tissue factor expression
Authors: M. Bilal Iqbal, Michael Johns, Jun Cao, Yu Liu, Sheng-Chun Yu, Gareth D. Hyde, Michael A. Laffan, Francesco P. Marchese, Sung Hoon Cho, Andrew R. Clark, Felicity N. Gavins, Kevin J. Woollard, Perry J. Blackshear, Nigel Mackman, Jonathan L. Dean, Mark Boothby, Dorian O. Haskard
Journal: Blood (2014)