tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>SOX10</i>is abnormally expressed in aganglionic bowel of Hirschsprung's disease infants
Authors: M H Sham, V C H Lui, M Fu, B Chen, P K H Tam
Journal: Gut (2001)

BACKGROUND The primary pathology of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital absence of ganglion cells in the caudal most gut. The spastic aganglionic bowel is often innervated by a network of hypertrophied nerve fibres. Recently, mutations of SOX10 have been identified in patients with HD but only in those with Waardenburg-Shah syndrome. AIMS To understand the molecular basis for the pathogenesis of HD we intended to determine the specific cell lineages in the enteric nervous system which normally express SOX10 but are affected in disease conditions. METHODS We studied colon biopsies from 10 non-syndromic HD patients, aged three months to four years, and 10 age matched patients without HD as normal controls. The absence of mutation in the SOX10 gene of HD patients was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Expression and cellular distribution of SOX10 in bowel segments of normal and HD infants were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridisation. RESULTS We found that in normal infants and normoganglionic bowel segments of HD patients, SOX10 was expressed in both neurones and glia of the enteric plexuses and in the nerves among the musculature in normal colon. In the aganglionic bowel segments of patients, SOX10 expression was consistently lower and was found to be associated with the hypertrophic nerve trunks in the muscle and extrinsic nerves in the serosa. CONCLUSION We conclude that SOX10 is normally required postnatally in the functional maintenance of the entire enteric nervous system, including neurones and glia. In non-syndromic HD patients who do not have the SOX10 mutation, the SOX10 gene expressed in the sacral region may be involved in the pathogenesis of the abnormal nerve trunks through interaction with other factors.
Cost effectiveness analysis of a randomised trial of acupuncture for chronic headache in primary care
Authors: David Wonderling, Andrew J Vickers, Richard Grieve, Rob McCarney
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Abstract Objective To evaluate the cost effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of chronic headache. Design Cost effectiveness analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Setting General practices in England and Wales. Participants 401 patients with chronic headache, predominantly migraine. Interventions Patients were randomly allocated to receive up to 12 acupuncture treatments over three months from appropriately trained physiotherapists, or to usual care alone. Main outcome measure Incremental cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Results Total costs during the one year period of the study were on average higher for the acupuncture group (£403; $768;€598) than for controls (£217) because of the acupuncture practitioners' costs. The mean health gain from acupuncture during the one year of the trial was 0.021 quality adjusted life years (QALYs), leading to a base case estimate of £9180 per QALY gained. This result was robust to sensitivity analysis. Cost per QALY dropped substantially when the analysis incorporated likely QALY differences for the years after the trial. Conclusions Acupuncture for chronic headache improves health related quality of life at a small additional cost; it is relatively cost effective compared with a number of other interventions provided by the NHS.
287. Safety and Toxicity Following Intraperitoneal Injection of Murine Interleukin-12 Plasmid Formulated with a Novel Polymeric Delivery System
Authors: Jason G. Fewell, Jennifer Rice, Majed Matar, Khursheed Anwer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Ovarian Cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and the fifth most common malignancy affecting women. Advanced disease is often characterized by the widespread dissemination into the peritoneal cavity. We have previously shown that repeated intraperitoneal delivery of an interleukin-12 (IL-12) plasmid formulated into nanocomplexes with a novel polymeric delivery system (PPC) has shown efficacy in treating a variety of disseminated peritoneal malignancies in mice, including disseminated epithelial ovarian cancer. As part of a pre-clinical development plan the safety and toxicity of four weekly IP doses of murine IL-12 formulated with PPC was evaluated in mice. For this GLP study 168 mice (males and females) were used. The weekly administrations were given at three dose levels of 10, 50 and 250 μg (total DNA/ mouse) and correspond to ∼1.5, 7.5 and 38 mg/m2 respectively. These doses represent significant multiples of the starting dose currently being used in Phase I clinical testing. Specifically the low, medium and high doses are approximately 2.5, 12.5 and 60 fold higher than the starting dose in humans based on a 25 g mouse and a 70 kg human. Regular clinical observations were made during the dosing phase of the study. One week and one month following the final dose the animals were euthanized and samples obtained for histopathology and clinical pathology analysis. There were no apparent treatment related effects on mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption and gross necropsy findings. A dose dependent increase in spleen weight was observed. Additionally, test article related microscopic findings consisting of granulmatous to pyogranulamtous inflammatory reaction were seen in multiple organs and tissues of the peritoneal cavity. These effects were considered mild to moderate and were resolved by one month after the last treatment. Based on the observation of some inflammation in the animals at the 250 μg dose the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was considered to be the 50 μg dose level. In summary, IP delivery of mIL12/PPC was well tolerated. The effects associated with delivery were inflammatory in nature and not considered adverse but expected physiologic/pharmacologic responses associated with interleukin-12 immunotherapy. The results of this safety/toxicity study have supported the current clinical testing of IP delivered hIL-12/PPC for treating recurrent ovarian cancer. Full-time employee of Expression Genetics.
High-density lipoprotein particles are large in patients with variant angina
Authors: K Miwa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Dyslipidemia in patients with coronary vasospasm may be characterized by low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol as well as apolipoprotein (apo) A-I but not high level of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. This study sought to examine the HDL particle size in patients with variant angina.The HDL particle size was examined by analyzing serum lipid levels in 38 patients with variant angina to compare with those of 40 control subjects and 30 normocholesterolemic patients with stable effort angina. Also, actual HDL size distribution was assessed by electrophoresis.The HDL-cholesterol, apoA-I and apoA-II levels were all lower (P < 0.01 for each) in patients with variant angina and patients with stable effort angina as compared with control subjects. The apoA-II level was lower (P < 0.01) in patients with variant angina than in patients with stable effort angina. The apoA-I/apoA-II ratio was lower (P < 0.01) in patients with stable effort angina, but not in patients with variant angina as compared with control subjects. In contrast, the HDL-cholesterol/apoA-I ratio was higher in patients with variant angina than in control subjects (P < 0.01) and also patients with stable effort angina (P < 0.01). The slope of the regression line, comparing HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I levels, was greater in patients with variant angina than in control subjects (P < 0.05) and patients with stable effort angina (P < 0.05), suggesting an increase in larger HDL particles. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that HDL particles in patients with variant angina were skewed towards larger sizes compared with control subjects (P < 0.01) and patients with stable effort angina (P < 0.01). The abnormal serum lipid values were normalized in the patients with variant angina after the medical treatment and inactivation of the coronary spasm.High HDL-cholesterol/apoA-I levels associated with low serum HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I levels were characteristic in patients with variant angina, in whom HDL particles were large, cholesterol-rich and possibly malfunctioning.
Prognostic Utility of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Assessment in Stable Low-Risk Outpatients With Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy After Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Mototsugu Nishii, Takayuki Inomata, Hitoshi Takehana, Takashi Naruke, Tomoyoshi Yanagisawa, Masahiko Moriguchi, Sadao Takeda, Tohru Izumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Diabetes Insipidus Successfully Treated with Oral Aminopyrine
Authors: Theodore Balsam
Journal: JAMA (1961)

IN THE PAST 25 years the value of oral aminopyrine therapy for the suppression of symptoms of diabetes insipidus has gone unmentioned in medical literature. The authors, confronted with a case of idiopathic diabetes insipidus, have employed the use of aminopyrine with successful amelioration of the symptoms of this disease. It is of interest that the patient manifested the uncommon combination of idiopathic diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 43-year-old white male entered the Brooklyn Veterans Administration Hospital on Feb. 1, 1960, with the chief complaint of polyuria and polydipsia. The patient's history dated back to 3 years prior to admission when he developed a rapid onset of marked thirst, consuming up to 8-12 liters of fluid a day, associated with a polyuria during the day and a 1-2 time nocturia. At the time of the initial complaints the patient was evaluated by his physician
Benzo[c]phenanthridine bases and their antituberculosis activity
Authors: Tsutomu Ishikawa
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2000)

The antituberculosis activity of fully-aromatized quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine bases prepared in our laboratory was tested under the Tuberculosis Antimicrobial Acquisition and Coordinating Facility (TAACF) program. This review summarizes our syntheses of these bases and discusses their structure–activity relationships against primary tuberculosis. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Med Res Rev, 21, No. 1, 61–72, 2001
Persistence and activation of malaria hypnozoites in long-term primary hepatocyte cultures
Authors: Laurent Dembélé, Jean-François Franetich, Audrey Lorthiois, Audrey Gego, Anne-Marie Zeeman, Clemens H M Kocken, Roger Le Grand, Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet, Geert-Jan van Gemert, Robert Sauerwein, Jean-Christophe Vaillant, Laurent Hannoun, Matthew J Fuchter, Thierry T Diagana, Nicholas A Malmquist, Artur Scherf, Georges Snounou, Dominique Mazier
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Protective Effect of Carbon Monoxide–Releasing Compounds in Ischemia-Induced Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Trinity Vera, Jeffery R. Henegar, Heather A. Drummond, John M. Rimoldi, David E. Stec
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Heme oxygenase (HO) induction has been demonstrated to be beneficial in limiting the extent of cellular damage after ischemia-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Because increased HO activity is associated with the production of carbon monoxide (CO) as well as the potent antioxidant bilirubin, it is unclear which of the two is of greater importance in the protective effects of HO induction. The purpose of this study was to determine the protective role of CO alone in ischemia-induced ARF. Bilateral clamping of the renal pedicle for 40 min was associated with a ninefold increase in the levels of plasma creatinine 24 h after reperfusion as compared with normal plasma creatinine levels; however, administration of CO donor compounds tricarbonyldichlororuthenium(II) dimer, ([Ru(CO)(3)Cl(2)](2), 10 mg/kg) or tricarbonylchloro(glycinato)ruthenium(II) ([Ru(CO)(3)Cl(glycinate)], (CORM-3) 1 h before the onset of ischemia significantly decreased the levels of plasma creatinine 24 h after reperfusion as compared with vehicle-treated mice. Surprising, treatment with the CO donors was associated with an increase in HO activity 24 h after ischemia. For determining whether the protective effects of the CO donors were due to CO or HO-1 induction, experiments were performed in which HO was inhibited before administration of the CO donors. Pretreatment with the HO inhibitor had no effect on the level of plasma creatinine 24 h after reperfusion after treatment with the CO donor compounds. These results suggest that CO itself may be protective and limit renal damage in ischemia induced ARF.
Antifibrotic activity correlates with immune response to E1 therapeutic vaccination in 24 patients with chronic active hepatitis C
Authors: F. Nevens, T. Roskams, H. Van Vlierberghe, Y. Horsmans, D. Sprengers, A. Elewaut, V. Desmet, G. Leroux-Roels, E. Quinaux, E. Depla, S. Dincq, C. Vander Stichele, F. Hulstaert, G. Maertens
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
The use of a cusp-bearing homograft patch to the outflow tract and pulmonary artery in Fallot's tetralogy and pulmonary valvular stenosis
Authors: P. Marchand
Journal: Thorax (1967)

A technique is described for maintaining pulmonary valve competence whilst widening the hypoplastic pulmonary artery ring found invariably in Fallot9s tetralogy and pulmonary valve stenosis. A homograft composed of the aortic cusps, a portion of ascending aorta, and the anterior mitral leaflet is used. One, two, or three cusps may be replaced or added by variations of technique. The right ventricular outflow tract and the pulmonary trunk are also widened. The operation is applicable to children, and adult homografts can be used. The ring should be widened to a circumference of from 6 to 8 cm. so as to prevent residual pressure gradients. One or two cusp replacements are favoured in the hope that growth will proceed because a continuous portion of natural pulmonary artery and ring remains untouched. An advantage of the technique is the small ventriculotomy required to excise the infundibular obstruction and close the ventricular septal defect. Four case histories are presented. Three patients have survived operation and are doing well. Up to six months post-operatively no serious pulmonary incompetence has developed.
Assessment of an infant whole-body plethysmograph using an infant lung function model
Authors: B Reinmann, J Stocks, U Frey
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2001)

In order to facilitate international multicentre studies and improve the quality control of infant pulmonary function measurements, the European Respiratory Society-American Thoracic Society Task Force for infant lung function testing has recently developed specifications for standardized infant lung function equipment and software. A mechanical infant lung model analogue has been developed to assess whether infant lung function equipment is able to meet these requirements. However, the practical testing of infant lung function equipment using such models is highly complex because of the need to use very small pressure and flow changes, and the numerous potentially confounding factors associated with both the design of the device and the testing procedure. The aim of this study was to determine whether the infant lung model is capable of assessing the overall function of an whole-body infant- plethysmograph, using the only infant plethysmograph that was commercially available at the time as an example. The mechanical characteristics of the model such as vibrations or noise did not disturb the delicate plethysmographic measurements and thereby allowed a reliable assessment of the system. A series of tests revealed that the plethysmograph was able to measure airway resistance 1-3.5 kPa.L(-1).s with an accuracy of +/-2.5% and lung volumes 75-300 mL with an accuracy of +/-2.5% under in vitro conditions. To conclude, the infant lung model is a useful means of assessing the overall in vitro performance of infant whole-body plethysmographs, but thermal, mechanical and frequency response characteristics of such a device must be taken into account when interpreting the results of such assessments.
TCTAP A-076 Urinary L-FABP Predicts Survival Outcome Before Contrast Agent Administration in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kenichi Manabe, Hiroshi Kamihata, Masayuki Motohiro, Takeshi Senoo, Susumu Yoshida, Shigeo Umemura, Satoshi Tsujimoto, Ichiro Shiojima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Treatment of Refractory Ascites
Authors: Murray Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The term "ascites" is derived from the ancient Greek askos, denoting a distended bag or balloon, and as used in current clinical practice, refers to a detectable collection of free fluid within the peritoneal space. It is one of the most common complications of advanced liver disease, and in North America and Europe it is most often encountered in association with alcoholic cirrhosis. At least 600,000 Americans (3.6 of every 1000 adults in the U.S. population) are estimated to have cirrhosis,1 but many think this figure greatly underestimates the prevalence of the disorder. Since most patients with cirrhosis have . . .
THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICAL AND STRUCTURAL REMODELING ON OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CATHETER ABLATION OF PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Kentaro Yoshida, Amir B. Rabbani, Hakan Oral, Eric Good, Matthew Ebinger, Thomas Crawford, Srikar Veerareddy, Sreedhar Billakanty, Wai S. Wong, Krit Jongnarangsin, Frank Pelosi, Frank Bogun, Fred Morady, Aman Chugh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The Changes in Heart Size in Man During Partial Acclimatization to Simulated High Altitudes
Authors: ASHTON GRAYBIEL, JOHN L. PATTERSON, CHARLES S. HOUSTON
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The heart size, as shown in serial roentgenograms, was determined in the case of 4 young volunteers who were continuously exposed to simulated high altitude over a period of one month. Sufficient adaptation occurred to allow them to remain at progressively higher altitudes up to 22,500 feet. A slight decrease in heart size was observed at all altitudes. This was thought to be due to decreased cardiac filling or smaller stroke volume or both. Doubt is expressed regarding the oft repeated statement that the heart in healthy persons exposed to anoxia readily increases in size.
Adrenal response in patients with septic shock of abdominal origin: relationship to survival
Authors: Florence C. Riché, Carole M. Boutron, Patrice Valleur, Christine Berton, Marie-Josèphe Laisné, Jean-Marie Launay, Philippe Chappuis, Jacqueline Peynet, Eric Vicaut, Didier Payen, Bernard P. Cholley
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
Getting to Know the Troubled Child
Authors: A. Herbert Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In the 199 pages of this book the author does exactly what he states he will do in the preface. He provides a practical and personal guide for those who are beginning to work with troubled children and their families. He succinctly answers the "silent questions" that he feels are invariably posed on meeting such a child and his family. "What shall I say to this troubled child? What can I do to gain his confidence? How can I reach him and his family in order to understand the reasons for his difficulties?" Although the methods described are drawn from many sources, there is no belabored emphasis on references, for this would have detracted from the goal. Technically, the suggestions may seem too easy, and to beginners, the models presented may appear perhaps as distant goals, but the practical guides are there. When reading this book, experienced pediatricians and child
Role of calmodulin in thyroid hormone stimulation in vitro of human erythrocyte Ca2+-ATPase activity.
Authors: F B Davis, P J Davis, S D Blas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Because human erythrocyte membrane Ca2+-ATPase is a calmodulin-dependent enzyme, and because physiological levels of thyroid hormone stimulate this enzyme system in vitro, we have studied the role of calmodulin in this model of extranuclear thyroid hormone action. Ca2+-ATPase activity in the absence of thyroid hormone ("basal activity") was increased by inclusion in the preassay incubation mixture of purified calmodulin or hypothyroid erythrocyte hemolysate that contained calmodulin (39 micrograms calmodulin/ml packed cells, determined by radioimmunoassay); addition of L-thyroxine or 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine (10(-10)M) significantly enhanced (P less than 0.001) enzyme activity in the presence of calmodulin or hemolysate. The stimulatory effects of thyroid hormone, calmodulin, and hemolysate were additive. At 5-10 microM, trifluoperazine, an antagonist of calmodulin, inhibited thyroid hormone stimulation of Ca2+-ATPase activity. Higher concentrations of trifluoperazine (50-100 microM) inhibited basal and hormone-stimulated enzyme activity, with or without added calmodulin. Anti-calmodulin antibody (10-50 micrograms antibody/mg membrane protein) inhibited basal, calmodulin-stimulated and thyroid hormone-stimulated Ca2+-ATPase activity. Membrane preparations were shown by radioimmunoassay to contain residual endogenous calmodulin (0.27 +/- 0.02 micrograms/mg membrane protein). The latter accounts for the effect of trifluoperazine and calmodulin antibody on membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity in the absence of added purified calmodulin. These results support the conclusion that the in vitro action of physiological levels of iodothyronines on human erythrocyte Ca2+-ATPase activity requires the presence of calmodulin.
The Incidence, Type, and Prevention of Complications Associated with Intravenous Catheter Use.
Authors: Michael H. Sketch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971The Incidence, Type, and Prevention of Complications Associated with Intravenous Catheter Use.Michael H. Sketch, M.D., Michelle Cale, R.N., B.S., Syed Mohiuddin, M.D., Richard W. Booth, M.D., F.A.C.P.Michael H. Sketch, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Michelle Cale, R.N., B.S.Search for more papers by this author, Syed Mohiuddin, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Richard W. Booth, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-822_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptComplications, their incidence and preventive management, were studied during 484 percutaneously inserted intravenous catheter placements. Group A consisted of 168 8-in. catheters (114 inserted in forearm veins and 54 in upper arm veins). Group B consisted of 70 21-in. catheters inserted in upper arm veins with the tips advanced into the thorax. Mean duration ol placement for groups A and B was 77 and 104 hr, respectively. Complication incidences were 61% for group A and 27% for group B. The major complication was thrombophlebitis: group A, 21% and group B, 4%, which was significantly less (P< 0.01) despite the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael H. Sketch, M.D.; Michelle Cale, R.N., B.S.; Syed Mohiuddin, M.D.; Richard W. Booth, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Omaha, Nebr. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 822-822KeywordsCathetersThoraxVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...