tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Current management of hypertension in hospital.
Authors: R F Heller, G Rose
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A study of the notes of 1784 patients new to two London hospitals found a blood-pressure recording in 1027 (58%). Only 423 (32%) of all outpatients had had a blood-pressure recording on their first visit. Of 144 patients with hypertension (systolic greater than or equal to 160 mm Hg or diastolic greater than or equal 100 mm Hg or both) a check recording was made in 89 (62%) and 18 (12%) were put on treatment. We conclude that the opportunity that a hospital visit provides for blood-pressure screening is being incompletely used, and that the discovery of hypertension often does not lead to further action.
Integrating Clinical Care and Community Health
Authors: Jonathan E. Fielding, Steven M. Teutsch
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
994-94 Use of Moderately Lossy JPEG Compression Does Not Result in Loss of Diagnostic Information in Digital Coronary Angiograms
Authors: Vera H. Rigolin, Paul A. Robiolio, Bennett R. Groshong, Laurence A. Spero, Donald F. Fortin, Kenneth G. Morris, J. Kevin Harrison, Thomas M. Bashore, Jack T. Cusma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Ionic basis for membrane potential changes induced by hypoosmotic stress in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes
Authors: I Kocic
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: Causal relation between changes in action potentials and activation of several ionic currents during hypoosmotic challenge was investigated. Methods: We recorded changes in membrane potentials and currents during hypotonic stress in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results: Exposure of ventricular myocytes to hypotonic solution (0.6 T) caused initial prolongation (∼107% of control) of action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD90) in 65% of examined myocytes. Later shortening (∼75% of control) of APD90 and depolarization of resting potential (RP) (∼ 4 mV) developed in all cells. Initial prolongation of APD90 in hypotonic solution was mainly caused by transient activation of Gd3+-sensitive non-selective cation (NSC) current. Late changes after ∼180 s in hypotonic solution were sustained increase in slow component of delayed rectifier K+ current (IKs) in all cells, and activation of IClswell in 40% of cells. Prevention of APD90 shortening by chromanol, a selective blocker of IKs, was seen in about 40% of myocytes due to short APD in our experimental conditions. Application of 1 mM anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (9-AC) partially inhibited APD shortening in three of seven cells. Depolarization of RP was unaffected by the above-mentioned drugs, but was dependent on [K+]o. Conclusions: Initial prolongation followed by later shortening of APD in hypotonic solution are mostly caused by different sequences of NSC, IKs and IClswell currents activation. Depolarization of RP in hypotonic solution is probably due to dilution of subsarcolemmal K+ concentration and/or change in permeability ratio for Na+ and K+.
Primary biliary cirrhosis following lactobacillus vaccination for recurrent vaginitis
Authors: Dimitrios Bogdanos, Thomas Pusl, Christian Rust, Diego Vergani, Ulrich Beuers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)

Antimitochondrial antibodies directed against the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, PDC-E2, and other mitochondrial 2-oxoacid dehydrogenases (AMA-M2) are the hallmark for diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). AMA-M2 formation as an early step in the pathogenesis of PBC has recently been assumed to be triggered by bacterial mimics of the E2 subunit and certain reactant xenobiotics. We report a case of symptomatic PBC diagnosed after sequential immunization with a lactobacillus vaccine for recurrent vaginitis over years.Serum AMA-M2 specificity of the patient was evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and ELISA. Serum antibody responses against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex-E2 subunit (PDC-E2(212-226)), the major PBC-specific mitochondrial autoepitope, and microbial mimics revealed cross-reactivity with beta-galactosidase of Lactobacillus delbrueckii (LACDE BGAL(266-280)) which shows a high local homology with that of Lactobacillus species administered via the vaccine. The relative affinity of antibody reactivity to LACDE BGAL(266-280) was significantly higher than that against human PDC-E2(212-226).We conclude that lactobacillus vaccination therapy may be another culprit for the development of PBC in genetically susceptible women.
26th Pezcoller Symposium: Cancers Driven by Hormones
Authors: Myles Brown, Arul Chinnaiyan, Antonella Farsetti, David M. Livingston, Massimo Loda, Roland Schuele, Enrico Mihich
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

This symposium was held in Trento, Italy, on June 19-21, 2014, and was focused on advances in biology, physiology, and pathology of neoplasms affected by hormones, especially breast and prostate cancers. The stem cell function, the genetic and epigenetic interactions with hormones, the mechanisms of estrogen receptor transcription, biochemical markers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer, promotion of breast cancer carcinogenesis by progesterone, the basis for prostate cancer progression and the relevance of DNA repair processes, androgen receptor programming during prostate carcinogenesis, the metabolic stress role in tumor survival, and the diagnostic use of imaging in prostate cancer were discussed.
Thalidomide and Congenital Abnormalities
Authors: S. P. Ward
Journal: BMJ (1962)

The continued interest by medical observers and the preoccupation of the daily press with the effects of thalidomide on the foetus encourages yet another account of congenital abnormalities believed to be due to thalidomide (distaval) taken during pregnancy. Although the account which follows dates from February, I %2. publication was delayed because all the medical literature at that time suggested a direct relation between the time in pregnancy at which thalidomide was taken and the type of malformation produced, implying that arrest of development occurs in organs actively forming in the weeks when the drug is being taken. In this case the mother had taken thalidomide for
Therapy and Prophylaxis of Malaria
Authors: Gordon M. Trenholme
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Physicians should be prepared to provide prophylactic medications for travelers to malarious areas and to treat patients with malaria. Chloroquine hydrochloride is the suppressive agent of choice for treatment of mild infections due to all species of malaria except for those due to chloroquineresistant strains of<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. For treatment of severe infections with P falciparum and for treatment of all infections due to chloroquineresistant strains of P falciparum, quinine is the suppressive agent of choice. Chloroquine is also the prophylactic agent of choice for most travelers. To prevent infection with<i>P vivax</i>or<i>P ovale</i>, primaquine must also be given. A RBC glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase level should be obtained before administration of primaquine. For prophylaxis of chloroquine-resistant strains of<i>P falciparum</i>, no completely satisfactory regimen is presently available in the United States. (<i>JAMA</i>240:2293-2295, 1978)
Periprocedural Stroke and Management of Major Bleeding Complications in Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Luigi Di Biase, J. David Burkhardt, Prasant Mohanty, Javier Sanchez, Rodney Horton, G. Joseph Gallinghouse, Dhanunjay Lakkireddy, Atul Verma, Yaariv Khaykin, Richard Hongo, Steven Hao, Salwa Beheiry, Gemma Pelargonio, Antonio Dello Russo, Michela Casella, Pietro Santarelli, Pasquale Santangeli, Paul Wang, Amin Al-Ahmad, Dimpi Patel, Sakis Themistoclakis, Aldo Bonso, Antonio Rossillo, Andrea Corrado, Antonio Raviele, Jennifer E. Cummings, Robert A. Schweikert, William R. Lewis, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is associated with the potential risk of periprocedural stroke, which can range between 1% and 5%. We developed a prospective database to evaluate the prevalence of stroke over time and to assess whether the periprocedural anticoagulation strategy and use of open irrigation ablation catheter have resulted in a reduction of this complication. Methods and Results— We collected data from 9 centers performing the same ablation procedure with the same anticoagulation protocol. We divided the patients into 3 groups: ablation with an 8-mm catheter off warfarin (group 1), ablation with an open irrigated catheter off warfarin (group 2), and ablation with an open irrigated catheter on warfarin (group 3). Outcome data on stroke/transient ischemic attack and bleeding complications during and early after the procedures were collected. Of 6454 consecutive patients in the study, 2488 were in group 1, 1348 were in group 2, and 2618 were in group 3. Periprocedural stroke/transient ischemic attack occurred in 27 patients (1.1%) in group 1 and 12 patients (0.9%) in group 2. Despite a higher prevalence of nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation and more patients with CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age &gt;75 years, diabetes mellitus, and prior stroke or transient ischemic attack) score &gt;2, no stroke/transient ischemic attack was reported in group 3. Complications among groups 1, 2, and 3, including major bleeding (10 [0.4%], 11 [0.8%], and 10 [0.4%], respectively; P &gt;0.05) and pericardial effusion (11 [0.4%], 11 [0.8%], and 12 [0.5%]; P &gt;0.05), were equally distributed. Conclusion— The combination of an open irrigation ablation catheter and periprocedural therapeutic anticoagulation with warfarin may reduce the risk of periprocedural stroke without increasing the risk of pericardial effusion or other bleeding complications.
BCAT1 promotes cell proliferation through amino acid catabolism in gliomas carrying wild-type IDH1
Authors: Martje Tönjes, Sebastian Barbus, Yoon Jung Park, Wei Wang, Magdalena Schlotter, Anders M Lindroth, Sabrina V Pleier, Alfa H C Bai, Daniela Karra, Rosario M Piro, Jörg Felsberg, Adele Addington, Dieter Lemke, Irene Weibrecht, Volker Hovestadt, Claudio G Rolli, Benito Campos, Sevin Turcan, Dominik Sturm, Hendrik Witt, Timothy A Chan, Christel Herold-Mende, Ralf Kemkemer, Rainer König, Kathrin Schmidt, William-Edmund Hull, Stefan M Pfister, Manfred Jugold, Susan M Hutson, Christoph Plass, Jürgen G Okun, Guido Reifenberger, Peter Lichter, Bernhard Radlwimmer
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)
Preclinical Evaluation of Two Human Anti–Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) Monoclonal Antibodies in the HBV-Trimera Mouse Model and in HBV Chronic Carrier Chimpanzees
Authors: Rachel Eren, Ehud Ilan, Ofer Nussbaum, Ido Lubin, Dov Terkieltaub, Yossi Arazi, Ofer Ben-Moshe, Alberto Kitchinzky, Shoshana Berr, Judy Gopher, Arie Zauberman, Eithan Galun, Danny Shouval, Nili Daudi, Ahamed Eid, Oded Jurim, Lars O. Magnius, Berit Hammas, Yair Reisner, Shlomo Dagan
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Two human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) generated in the Trimera mouse system are described. Both mAbs 17.1.41 and 19.79.5 are of the IgG1 isotype and have high affinity constants for HBsAg binding in the range of 10 −10 mol/L. Monoclonal antibody 17.1.41 recognizes a conformational epitope on the a determinant of HBsAg whereas mAb 19.79.5 recognizes a linear one. The 2 mAbs bind to a panel of hepatitis B virus (HBV) subtypes with distinct patterns. The neutralizing activity of these antibodies was tested in 2 different animal model systems. Administration of each mAb to HBV-Trimera mice, a system that provides a mouse model for human hepatitis B infection, reduced the viral load and the percentage of HBV-DNA-positive mice in a dose-dependent manner. These 2 mAbs were more effective than a polyclonal antibody preparation (Hepatect; Biotest Pharma, Dreieich, Germany) in both inhibition of HBV liver infection and reduction of viral load. A single administration of a mixture of these mAbs into HBV chronic carrier chimpanzees resulted in immediate reduction in HBsAg levels followed by recurrence to initial levels within few days. Thus, these mAbs may be potential candidates for preventive therapy or in combination with other antiviral agents against HBV. Further studies in humans are needed to assess these mAbs in various clinical indications.
Adder-bites in Cornwall
Authors: T. C. Morton
Journal: BMJ (1960)

DRUG TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS Bmn 3 should be as well assured as in pulmonary tuberculosis.However, healing may give rise to scarring and stenosis and this in turn may lead to mechanical difficulties.In all cases of renal tuberculosis, streptomycin levels in the serum should be estimated early in treatment in case there is retention of the drug.In all severe forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis it is wise to continue chemotherapy for at least eighteen months. ConclusionsProvided proper sensitivity tests have shown that the patient's organisms are sensitive to the standard drugs and that chemotherapy is scrupulously prescribed and scrupulously taken, it should be possible to arrest the disease permanently in the vast majority of cases.There may be very occasional failures in patients admitted moribund, in cases of severe tuberculous meningitis, or in miliary tuberculosis in young infants.But any carelessness by the doctor in prescribing, or by the patient in taking, his drugs are liable to result in ultimate drug resistance and often in subsequent disaster for the patient.Unfortunately such carelessness is still all too common.Treatment of its results will be discussed in the next article in this series.
C1q enhances IFN-γ production by antigen-specific T cells via the CD40 costimulatory pathway on dendritic cells
Authors: Paramita Baruah, Ingrid E. Dumitriu, Talat H. Malik, H. Terence Cook, Julian Dyson, Diane Scott, Elizabeth Simpson, Marina Botto
Journal: Blood (2009)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to produce C1q, the initiator of the classical complement pathway. We demonstrate that murine DCs deficient in C1q (C1qa(-/-)) are poorer than wild-type (WT) DCs at eliciting the proliferation and Th1 differentiation of antigen-specific T cells. These defects result from decreased production of IL-12p70 by C1qa(-/-) DCs and impaired expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 in response to CD40 ligation. The defective production of IL-12p70 and the reduced expression of CD80 and CD86 by C1qa(-/-) DCs were specifically mediated via CD40 ligation, as normal levels of IL-12p70 and CD80/86 were observed after ligation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on C1qa(-/-) DCs. CD40 ligation on C1qa(-/-) DCs, but not TLR ligation, results in decreased phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 kinases. A strong colocalization of CD40 and C1q was observed by confocal microscopy upon CD40 ligation (but not TLR ligation) on DCs. Furthermore, human DCs from 2 C1q-deficient patients were found to have impaired IL-12p70 production in response to CD40L stimulation. Our novel data suggest that C1q augments the production of IL-12p70 by mouse and human DCs after CD40 triggering and plays important roles in sustaining the maturation of DCs and guiding the activation of T cells.
Follow up Study of Coeliac Disease
Authors: P. E. Mortimer, J. S. Stewart, A. P. Norman, C. C. Booth
Journal: BMJ (1968)

In 9 out of 10 adults in whom a diagnosis of coeliac disease had been made in childhood, the diagnosis was confirmed by the finding of a flat intestinal mucosa. None showed abnormal physical signs, but three had a haemoglobin concentration below 10 g./100 ml. and all those not receiving folic acid supplements showed low serum folate levels. Five had moderate to severe symptoms at the time of investigation, but none was receiving treatment with a gluten-free diet. Periodic investigation of these patients may be necessary throughout life, and if they are found to have malnutrition they should be treated with a gluten-free diet.
Modulation of ADAMTS13 secretion and specific activity by a combination of common amino acid polymorphisms and a missense mutation
Authors: Barbara Plaimauer, Jakob Fuhrmann, Gabriele Mohr, Waltraud Wernhart, Katharina Bruno, Silvia Ferrari, Christian Konetschny, Gerhard Antoine, Manfred Rieger, Friedrich Scheiflinger
Journal: Blood (2005)
STAT-3 and the liver: A new station on our way to understand diabetes?
Authors: Marcin T. Kortylewski, Andreas Barthel
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) contributes to various physiological processes. Here we show that mice with liver-specific deficiency in STAT-3, achieved using the Cre-loxP system, show insulin resistance associated with increased hepatic expression of gluconeogenic genes. Restoration of hepatic STAT-3 expression in these mice, using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, corrected the metabolic abnormalities and the alterations in hepatic expression of gluconeogenic genes. Overexpression of STAT-3 in cultured hepatocytes inhibited gluconeogenic gene expression independently of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha), an upstream regulator of gluconeogenic genes. Liver-specific expression of a constitutively active form of STAT-3, achieved by infection with an adenovirus vector, markedly reduced blood glucose, plasma insulin concentrations and hepatic gluconeogenic gene expression in diabetic mice. Hepatic STAT-3 signaling is thus essential for normal glucose homeostasis and may provide new therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus.
Epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis in Nepal. Recovery of a possible etiologic agent and transmission studies in marmosets
Authors: M. A. Kane
Journal: JAMA (1984)

An epidemic of non-A, non-B hepatitis occurred in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, during 1981-1982, with approximately 7.6% of households and 1.4% of individuals affected. Cases occurred preponderantly in the 15- to 34-year-old age group (70%), with most cases (75%) occurring in males. A high mortality rate (21%) occurred in pregnant women admitted to the hospital. No single water source was implicated, but epidemic peaks occurred during monsoon rains, and multiple opportunities for enteric transmission existed. One of eight patient stools examined by immune electron microscopy revealed aggregated, antibody-coated, 27-nm viruslike particles when convalescent serum samples were used as sources of antibody. Inoculation of two chimpanzees and four marmosets with a suspension of this stool resulted in elevated liver enzyme activity in three marmosets. Fecal excretion of 27-nm particles during the acute phase of disease (with temporally coincident antigen activity by radioimmunoassay) was observed in one marmoset, which also developed convalescent antibody against the particles in the original inoculum.
Loop Gain As a Means to Predict a Positive Airway Pressure Suppression of Cheyne-Stokes Respiration in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Scott A. Sands, Bradley A. Edwards, Kirk Kee, Anthony Turton, Elizabeth M. Skuza, Teanau Roebuck, Denise M. O'Driscoll, Garun S. Hamilton, Matthew T. Naughton, Philip J. Berger
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Patients with heart failure (HF) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration or periodic breathing (PB) often demonstrate improved cardiac function when treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) resolves PB. Unfortunately, CPAP is successful in only 50% of patients, and no known factor predicts responders to treatment. Because PB manifests from a hypersensitive ventilatory feedback loop (elevated loop gain [LG]), we hypothesized that PB persists on CPAP when LG far exceeds the critical threshold for stable ventilation (LG = 1).To derive, validate, and test the clinical utility of a mathematically precise method that quantifies LG from the cyclic pattern of PB, where LG = 2π/(2πDR - sin2πDR) and DR (i.e., duty ratio) = (ventilatory duration)/(cycle duration) of PB.After validation in a mathematical model of HF, we tested whether our estimate of LG changes with CPAP (n = 6) and inspired oxygen (n = 5) as predicted by theory in an animal model of PB. As a first test in patients with HF (n = 14), we examined whether LG predicts the first-night CPAP suppression of PB.In lambs, as predicted by theory, LG fell as lung volume increased with CPAP (slope = 0.9 ± 0.1; R(2) = 0.82; P < 0.001) and as inspired-arterial PO(2) difference declined (slope = 1.05 ± 0.12; R(2) = 0.75; P < 0.001). In patients with HF, LG was markedly greater in 8 CPAP nonresponders versus 6 responders (1.29 ± 0.04 versus 1.10 ± 0.01; P < 0.001); LG predicted CPAP suppression of PB in 13/14 patients.Our novel LG estimate enables quantification of the severity of ventilatory instability underlying PB, making possible a priori selection of patients whose PB is immediately treatable with CPAP therapy.
The Prevalence of Dermatitis Herpetiformis
Authors: D. Burrows
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article The Prevalence of Dermatitis Herpetiformis Get access D. Burrows D. Burrows The Department of Dermatology royal Victoria Hospital Belfast BT12 6BA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 4, 1 April 1972, Page 437, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05060.x Published: 01 April 1972