tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Altered calcium sensitivity of isometric tension in myocyte-sized preparations of porcine postischemic stunned myocardium.
Authors: P A Hofmann, W P Miller, R L Moss
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Postischemic ventricular myocardial dysfunction, termed stunning, is characterized by a persistent but ultimately reversible depression of contractile function. The present study was undertaken to investigate the possibilities that reduced contractile force in stunning is due to a decrease in maximal tension-generating capability or to a decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of the myofilaments. The experiments combine an in vivo open-chest porcine heart model of stunning (n = 5) with in vitro measures of myocyte myofilament calcium sensitivity from these same hearts. Regional myocardial function in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) perfusion bed of porcine hearts was measured with transmural ultrasonic crystals. The protocol was 45 minutes of low-flow LAD ischemia at 40% of control flow, followed by 30 minutes of postischemic reperfusion at control aerobic flow. Percent systolic wall thickening decreased to 8 +/- 5% of control during ischemia (p &lt; 0.05) and returned to 38 +/- 8% of control in the postischemic stunned state (p &lt; 0.05). Serial endocardial biopsies were obtained from the preischemic and postischemic myocardium in the LAD perfusion bed and from the aerobically perfused myocardium in the circumflex bed. The biopsies were mechanically disrupted, and myocyte-sized preparations of permeabilized myocardium were attached to a force transducer and a length-changing device to allow for direct measurement of steady-state tension-pCa (i.e., -log[Ca2+]) relations. The pCa for half-maximal activation of tension, i.e., pCa50, in LAD myocardium decreased from 5.88 +/- 0.05 before ischemia to 5.69 +/- 0.03 after ischemia (p &lt; 0.05); however, maximal Ca(2+)-activated tension and the slope of the tension-pCa relation were unaffected by the ischemic episode.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Maintenance of Certification
Authors: Leonard Johnson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters6 January 2015Maintenance of CertificationLeonard Johnson, MDLeonard Johnson, MDFrom St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5040-5 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As Centor and colleagues' editorial (1) suggests, at the end of the day, what the ABIM must answer as it figures out how to respond to the loud chorus of criticism from internists and subspecialists is how the “evolving” process of MOC has helped our patients. As internists, we concern ourselves with the time and costs involved in the process. However, as a society, I believe that we can agree that we could accept our individual burden if all of these changes lead to improved patient outcomes.Particularly at a time of a shortage of primary care ...Reference1. Centor RM, Fleming DA, Moyer DV. Maintenance of certification: beauty is in the eyes of the beholder [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:226-7. [PMID: 24821483] doi:10.7326/M14-1014 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Leonard Johnson, MDAffiliations: From St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterest Forms.do?msNum=L14-0497. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoMaintenance of Certification: Beauty Is in the Eyes of the Beholder Robert M. Centor , David A. Fleming , and Darilyn V. Moyer Maintenance of Certification Michael Kelley Maintenance of Certification Edward Ringel Maintenance of Certification Donald Trainor Maintenance of Certification Robert B. Copeland Maintenance of Certification Antoinette Spevetz Maintenance of Certification Robert M. Centor , David A. Fleming , and Darilyn V. Moyer Metrics 6 January 2015Volume 162, Issue 1Page: 79KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosurePatientsPrimary care physiciansResearch fundingSub-specialty careTreatment guidelines ePublished: 6 January 2015 Issue Published: 6 January 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
FATAL STAPHYLOCOCCAL SEPTICAEMIA WITH PSEUDOMYXOMA PERITONEI
Authors: O. Wilberforce
Journal: BMJ (1933)

MTHEBRTSA UAL 269which the following is an example: the patient, aged 40, had true diabetes with neuritis.TABLE III.-Blood Sutgar Percentage Before 3. Hour 1u Hours 21 Hours Glucose After After After Arterial ... ...
Plasma interleukin-1β concentrations are closely associated with fasting blood glucose levels in healthy and preclinical middle-aged nonoverweight and overweight Japanese men
Authors: Yasumi Misaki, Rie Miyauchi, Kazuki Mochizuki, Satsuki Takabe, Masaya Shimada, Yoko Ichikawa, Toshinao Goda
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
Injuries in sailboard enthusiasts.
Authors: D P McCormick, A L Davis
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1988)

This study was carried out to determine the rate and types of injuries experienced by boardsailors. Results derive from: (a) a review of hospital medical records for water sports injuries, and (b) a questionnaire-interview of 73 athletes windsurfing on waters in the Galveston area during a hurricane and in moderate and light wind conditions. Windsurfers reported 0.22 injuries per 1,000 participant hours. Seventy-six per cent of athletes reported injuries while boardsailing, but only 15 per cent reported significant injuries. The most common reported injuries included lacerations, jellyfish stings, abrasions, muscle strain, sunburn, contusions, and blisters. A small number of athletes reported ligament sprain, ear infection, knee injury, eye injury, and splinters. The large majority of injuries reported are preventable by wearing protective gear, applying sunscreen, avoiding overpowering winds, and selecting safe sailing areas. Four per cent of water-sport injuries requiring hospitalisation resulted when epileptic water-sports participants had a seizure in or near the water.
Points: On the acquisition of a gastroscope
Authors: M. Eastwood
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The chance of a dialysis patient in France receiving a transplant in 1983 was 1:13, in Italy it was 1:29, while in the United Kingdom it was greater than 1:4.Surely the way to increase the number of patients being treated (Mrs Elizabeth Ward's leading article, 22-29 December, p 1712) is to inform our colleagues of the successful parts of our renal failure programme while working hard to improve those areas in which we are deficient.
Interference with the Signaling Capacity of Cc Chemokine Receptor 5 Can Compromise Its Role as an HIV-1 Entry Coreceptor in Primary T Lymphocytes
Authors: Ji Ming Wang, Joost J. Oppenheim
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

In this issue of The Journal of Experimental Medicine ([1][1]), Alfano et al. report the surprising results that pertussis toxin (PTX) as well as its cellular binding subunit, the B-oligomer, each blocked entry of monotropic (R5) strains of HIV-1 in primary T lymphocytes. Treatment of primary T
A Pharmacological Approach to Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Phillip M. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<i>A Pharmacological Approach to Gastrointestinal Disorders</i>picks up where other textbooks on digestive disease leave off. Standard texts, after discussing pathophysiology and clinical presentation, give short shrift to treatment. In this text, a brief discussion of the clinical entity is followed by an in-depth discussion of the pharmacokinetics and clinical use of a variety of therapeutic agents, many of which are still investigational and not available for use in the United States. Over 50 internationally recognized contributors have provided 30 chapters on specific entities, divided among six sections: "Acid-Peptic and Related Diseases," "Disorders of Gastrointestinal Motility," "Inflammatory, Infectious and Other Diarrheal Syndromes," "Pancreato-biliary Disorders," "Hepatic Disorders," and "Miscellaneous Topics." All aspects of drug use in gastroenterology, from sedation for endoscopy to an overview of chemotherapy, are covered. Suggested therapy for many common but difficult to manage problems, such as hiccups and intestinal gas, are provided. A current review of the
Granulocyte fcγ receptor recognition of cell bound and aggregated IgG: Effect of γ-interferon
Authors: Pedro Ruiz, Francisco Gomez, Rafaela Lopez, Paul Chien, Milton D. Rossman, Alan D. Schreiber
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract Granulocyte Fcγ receptors are important components in the recognition of IgG‐coated cells and immune complexes. Two proteins have been identified on resting human granulocytes which function as Fcγ receptors, Fcγ RII (CD32) and Fcγ RIII (CD16). A third protein, Fcγ RI (CD64), is not constitutively expressed on resting granulocytes, but can be induced by activation with γ‐interferon. We examined the role of these three Fcγ receptors on human granulocytes in the binding of both IgG‐sensitized erythrocytes and soluble oligomeric IgG. In these studies we employed anti‐Fcγ receptor antibodies which complete for the Fcγ RII and Fcγ RIII ligand binding sites. Preincubation of granulocytes with saturating concentrations of high‐affinity anti‐Fcγ RII monoclonal antibody did not alter the recognition of IgG sensitized human cells by granulocytes. Furthermore, ligand binding studies demonstrated that anti‐Fcγ RII antibody altered neither the number nor the affinity of granulocyte binding sites for human trimeric IgG. In contrast, Fab anti‐Fcγ RIII inhibited the binding of both IgG (anti‐D) sensitized human RBCs and IgG sensitized sheep RBCs. Similarly, a reduction in the expression of Fcγ RIII by treatment with phosphatidyl‐inositol specific phospholipase C reduced PMN recognition of IgG‐sensitized cells. Also, anti‐Fcγ RIII decreased the number of granulocyte binding sites for human IgG trimer without a change in receptor affinity. Fcγ RI, which was induced by γ‐IFN, increased granulocyte recognition of both IgG sensitized RBCs and IgG trimer. These data suggest that Fcγ RIII is the primary Fcγ receptor on granulocytes which recognizes IgG sensitized RBCs and low molecular weight complexes of IgG. With γ‐interferon activated granulocytes, Fcγ RI appears to enhance this recognition process.
Molecular Evolution of the Nontandemly Repeated Genes of the Histone 3 Multigene Family
Authors: Alejandro P. Rooney, Helen Piontkivska, Masatoshi Nei
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2002)

In some species, histone gene clusters consist of tandem arrays of each type of histone gene, whereas in other species the genes may be clustered but not arranged in tandem. In certain species, however, histone genes are found scattered across several different chromosomes. This study examines the evolution of histone 3 (H3) genes that are not arranged in large clusters of tandem repeats. Although H3 amino acid sequences are highly conserved both within and between species, we found that the nucleotide sequence divergence at synonymous sites is high, indicating that purifying selection is the major force for maintaining H3 amino acid sequence homogeneity over long-term evolution. In cases where synonymous-site divergence was low, recent gene duplication appeared to be a better explanation than gene conversion. These results, and other observations on gene inactivation, organization, and phylogeny, indicated that these H3 genes evolve according to a birth-and-death process under strong purifying selection. Thus, we found little evidence to support previous claims that all H3 proteins, regardless of their genome organization, undergo concerted evolution. Further analyses of the structure of H3 proteins revealed that the histones of higher eukaryotes might have evolved from a replication-independent-like H3 gene.
US government cannot revoke licences of doctors who recommend marijuana
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A federal appeals court has unanimously ruled that the US government cannot revoke a doctor's licence and prescribing privileges or investigate a doctor for recommending marijuana to sick patients.

The case grew out of a previous injunction against Californian doctors who prescribed marijuana for medicinal purposes and upheld a 1999 decision by US district judge William Alsup in San Francisco that barred federal prosecutors from taking action against doctors who tell patients that marijuana might be beneficial.

Taking marijuana for medical reasons is legal in California and in several other states, but its possession and sale are still considered federal offences. In May 2001 the Supreme Court ruled against legalising marijuana for medical reasons, rejecting arguments for “compassionate use” brought before it by the Oakland Cannabis Club, a cannabis buyers' cooperative based in California ( BMJ 2001;322:1270).

In that ruling Chief Justice …
Antiseptics in Ophthalmic Surgery
Authors: E. Nettleship
Journal: BMJ (1880)

doubt, be something interesting; but, as yet, I have been unable to find the paper.Next to Dr. Budd's works upon cholera and typhoid, his communica- tions and his pamphlet on scarlet fever and on cattle-plague and its prevention will perhaps be considered most important; and I have a reference to a paper published on cattle-plague in the Medical Timies and Gazetle for I865.He was undoubtedly the originator of the plan that was, after long discussion and much severe criticism of the author of it, adopted all through the country, and made compulsory by an Act of the Privy Council.He was a member of the Commission of the Privy Council on the Cattle-Plague.His views on cattle-plague were largely discussed in one society, and for a long time he was connected with the pole-axe and the lime-pit in the minds of many.For this, and for much other work of a public character, which will continue to confer immense benefits upon mankind, I have long been of opinion, and I have often heard the same opinion expressed by others,
Abstract 519: Blockade of PDGFR signaling impairs the tumor promoting effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in colon cancer
Authors: Kei Shinagawa, Yasuhiko Kitadai, Mayu Ohnishi, Eiji Ohara, Miwako Tanaka, Tomonori Sumida, Shinji Tanaka, Wataru Yasui, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reported to migrate to tumor stroma as well as injured tissue. We reported recently that, in an orthotopic nude mice model of colon cancer, MSCs traveled to tumor stroma, where they differentiated into carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF)-like cells. We have also found that CAFs express platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) at a high level and that imatinib therapy targeting PDGFR in CAFs combined with administration of a cytotoxic drug significantly inhibits growth and metastasis of human colon cancer. These findings led us to examine whether the tumor promoting effect of MSCs is impaired by blockade of PDGFR signaling achieved with imatinib. KM12SM colon cancer cells alone or KM12SM cells mixed with MSCs in a 1:2 ratio were transplanted into the cecal wall of nude mice. Orthotopic transplantation of KM12SM cells mixed with MSCs, in comparison to transplantation of KM12SM cells alone, resulted in tumors of greater weight. The survival rate was significantly lower in the mixed-cell group. Co-injection of MSCs with tumor cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis of colon cancer by enhancing angiogenesis and tumor migration and invasion and by inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis. When tumor bearing animals were treated with imatinib (by gavage once daily at 50 mg/kg for 35 days), there was no significant increase in primary tumor volume or number of metastases with the KM12SM+MSC xenograft and the lower survival rate in the mixed-cell group was prolonged by the treatment. Moreover, migratory ability of MSCs to tumor stroma was impaired, and MSCs surviving in the tumor microenvironment were significantly decreased. In in vitro experiments, treatment with imatinib inhibited migration and proliferation of MSCs. Our data suggest that blockade of PDGFR signaling pathways influences the interaction between bone marrow-derived MSCs and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment and, hence, inhibits the progressive growth of colon cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 519. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-519
Evi1 represses PTEN expression and activates PI3K/AKT/mTOR via interactions with polycomb proteins
Authors: Akihide Yoshimi, Susumu Goyama, Naoko Watanabe-Okochi, Yumiko Yoshiki, Yasuhito Nannya, Eriko Nitta, Shunya Arai, Tomohiko Sato, Munetake Shimabe, Masahiro Nakagawa, Yoichi Imai, Toshio Kitamura, Mineo Kurokawa
Journal: Blood (2011)
CD8 surface levels alter the fate of alpha/beta T cell receptor-expressing thymocytes in transgenic mice.
Authors: N A Lee, D Y Loh, E Lacy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

The mature T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is established on the basis of discriminative events involving binding of the TCR alpha and beta chains and CD4 or CD8 on immature thymocytes to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/self-peptide complexes expressed in the thymus. To ask whether the strength of the interaction between a CD8/TCR complex and a MHC/self-peptide ligand plays a pivotal role in deciding the fate of a maturing thymocyte, we generated lines of transgenic mice that express distinct and elevated levels of CD8 alpha, approximately 2, 3, and 6-10 times. These lines were then crossed to a transgenic line expressing the class I-restricted TCR, 2C. We found that thymocytes expressing the 2C TCR in combination with the highest levels of CD8 were deleted on the H-2 Kb background that is normally positively selecting for the 2C TCR. In contrast, thymocytes coexpressing the 2C TCR and moderately elevated levels of CD8 were selected for maturation. These results demonstrate directly that CD8 levels can affect the developmental fate of a maturing thymocyte and argue in support of an affinity model for thymocyte selection.
Dapsone and Aplastic Anemia
Authors: JEAN FOUCAULD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1985Dapsone and Aplastic AnemiaJEAN FOUCAULD, M.D., WILLIAM UPHOUSE, M.D., JEFFREY BERENBERG, M.D.JEAN FOUCAULD, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM UPHOUSE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEFFREY BERENBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-139_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: There are several reports of agranulocytosis and erythrocyte aplasia after administration of dapsone for treatment of leprosy and for prophylaxis against falciparum malaria (1, 2). We report what we believe is the first reported case of aplastic anemia due to administration of dapsone.A 18-year-old man from the island of Ponape (Eastern Caroline Islands) was diagnosed as having lepromatous leprosy on the basis of a hypoestetic macule on his chest. (A subsequent biopsy showed only tinea versicolor.) The patient was started on dapsone, 50 mg/d. Two weeks later, he developed a headache, runny nose, sore throat, dry...References1. NICHOLLSCONCANNON MA. Maloprim-induced agranulocytosis and red-cell aplasia. Med J Aust. 1982;2:564-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FIRKINMARIANI FA. Agranulocytosis due to dapsone. Med J Aust. 1977;2:247-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JEAN FOUCAULD, M.D.; WILLIAM UPHOUSE, M.D.; JEFFREY BERENBERG, M.D.Affiliations: Tripler Army Medical Center Department of Surgery Honolulu, HI 96859 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDAPSONE INDUCED APLASTIC ANEMIA / DAPSON KAYNAKLI APLASTIK ANEMIDesign, Synthesis, and Molecular Modeling of Novel Pyrido[2,3- d ]pyrimidine Analogues As Antifolates; Application of Buchwald–Hartwig Aminations of HeterocyclesIdiosyncratic Drug Reactions and the Potential Role of MetabolismDetermination of dapsone in meat and milk by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometryMajor adverse effects from systemic drugs: Defining the risksDapsone-Induced Aplastic Anemia in a Woman With Bullous Systemic Lupus ErythematosusThe Role of Leukocyte-Generated Reactive Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of Ideosyncratic Drug Reactions 1 January 1985Volume 102, Issue 1Page: 139-139KeywordsAplastic anemiaBiopsyCandidaHeadachesLeprosyMalariaPharyngitisProphylaxisThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
CDKN1C mutations: two sides of the same coin
Authors: Thomas Eggermann, Gerhard Binder, Frédéric Brioude, Eamonn R. Maher, Pablo Lapunzina, Maria Vittoria Cubellis, Ignacio Bergadá, Dirk Prawitt, Matthias Begemann
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2014)
Celecoxib Prevents Neuroblastoma Tumor Development and Potentiates the Effect of Chemotherapeutic Drugs <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Frida Ponthan, Malin Wickström, Helena Gleissman, Ole M. Fuskevåg, Lova Segerström, Baldur Sveinbjörnsson, Christopher P.F. Redfern, Staffan Eksborg, Per Kogner, John I. Johnsen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common and deadly solid tumor of childhood. Cyclooxygenase-2 is expressed in clinical neuroblastoma tumors and cell lines and inhibitors of this enzyme induce apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in neuroblastoma xenografts in vivo. We hypothesized that the cyclooxygenase-2–specific inhibitor celecoxib could enhance the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic drugs currently used in neuroblastoma treatment. Furthermore, we investigated if prophylactic treatment with celecoxib could prevent neuroblastoma tumor development in vivo. Experimental Design: Neuroblastoma cell cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in combination with celecoxib was examined. In vivo, athymic rats carrying established SH-SY5Y xenografts were treated with celecoxib in combination with irinotecan, doxorubicin or etoposide, or with either drug alone. For prevention studies, rats received celecoxib in the diet, 250 to 2,500 ppm, from the time of tumor cell injection. Results: Celecoxib induced a synergistic or an additive cytotoxic effect in combination with doxorubicin, etoposide, irinotecan or vincristine in vitro. In vivo, treatment with celecoxib in combination with irinotecan or doxorubicin induced a significant growth inhibition of established neuroblastoma tumors. Rats receiving celecoxib in the diet showed a distinct dose-dependent delay in tumor development compared with untreated rats. Plasma levels of celecoxib were comparable with levels obtainable in humans. Conclusions: Celecoxib potentiates the antitumor effect of chemotherapeutic drugs currently used in neuroblastoma treatment, which argues for clinical trials combining these drugs. Celecoxib could also be a potential drug for treatment of minimal residual disease.