tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Small nonspecialized farming as a protective factor against immediate‐type occupational respiratory allergy?
Authors: J. Walusiak, P. Krawczyk‐Adamus, W. Hanke, T. Wittczak, C. Pałczyński
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Background: In Poland small, nonspecialized farms, growing different crops and raising usually a few animals of various species constitute the majority. Objective: The aim of the case–control study was to evaluate the risk factors of work‐related respiratory symptoms and occupational asthma and/or rhinitis in Polish farmers and investigate whether the farming characteristics may have influence on the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases. Methods: The study groups comprised 100 cases who were farmers reporting work‐related asthmatic and/or rhinitis symptoms from randomly selected family doctors practices (80 of 353) and 102 healthy controls. All subjects were examined by means of a questionnaire, skin prick tests (SPT) to common and occupational allergens, total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E level and the presence of specific IgE and allergen‐specific inhalation challenge tests were performed. The provocation tests were monitored with the spirometry, histamine challenge test and evaluation of nasal symptoms score and nasal washings. Results: Respiratory allergic disease was recognized in 68 symptomatic patients, including 41 cases because of occupational allergens (asthma n = 38, rhinitis n = 41). Step‐wise logistic regression analysis confirmed the protective role of small farms against the development of work‐related symptoms (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.11, 0.47) as well as the significance of positive SPT to cereals (OR 5.55; 95% CI 1.6, 19.21) and storage mites (OR 3.73; 95% CI 1.27, 10.96) as a risk factor of these symptoms. Cereal farming (OR 13.75; 95% CI 2.39, 78.83) and positive SPT to cereals (OR 26.92; 95% CI 5.33, 135.9) and storage mites (OR 44.07; 95% CI 8.40, 231.1) were found to be significant risk factors of occupational asthma and/or rhinitis. Conclusions: Cereal farming and hypersensitivity to cereals plays the significant role in the development of occupational asthma among Polish farmers. It also seems that working on small farms may protect farmers against work‐related respiratory symptoms that are mostly because of allergy.
Why can't the <i>Daily Mail</i> eat humble pie over MMR?
Authors: Michael Fitzpatrick
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Why can't the Daily Mail eat humble pie over MMR? Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
The effect of ibuprofen on accumulation of indium-111-labeled platelets and leukocytes in experimental myocardial infarction.
Authors: J L Romson, B G Hook, V H Rigot, M A Schork, D P Swanson, B R Lucchesi
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To assess the ability of ibuprofen to influence the extent of platelet aggregation and leukocyte infiltration during acute myocardial infarction, autologous indium-111 (111-In)-labeled platelets or leukocytes were injected before 60 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) occlusion, followed by 24 hours of reperfusion in the canine heart. Myocardial infarct size, as a percent of the area at risk, was reduced in the ibuprofen-treated group (12.5 mg/kg i.v. every 4 hours beginning 30 minutes before LCx occlusion) by 40%, from 48 +/- 4% in control animals to 29 +/- 4% in ibuprofen-treated dogs (p = 0.005). Quantification of the platelet-associated 111In radioactivity in irreversibly injured myocardium indicated that ibuprofen did not alter the accumulation of platelets in infarcted myocardium. In contrast, leukocyte accumulation in infarcted tissue was reduced significantly. In tissue samples with 0.41-0.60 gram infarct, the infarcted/normal ratio of leukocyte radioactivity was 12 +/- 2 in control dogs and 4 +/- 1 in ibuprofen-treated dogs, which represents a 67% reduction in leukocyte accumulation in ibuprofen-treated compared with control dogs. Similar reductions were found in other gram-infarct-weight categories. Although both platelets and leukocytes accumulate in infarcted canine myocardium, ibuprofen may exert its beneficial effect on ischemic myocardium by suppressing the inflammatory response associated with myocardial ischemia and infarction.
Premenstrual Syndrome — Pathophysiologic Considerations
Authors: Joseph F. Mortola
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

During the past decade premenstrual syndrome has become a well-defined entity.1 The hallmark of the syndrome is the repeated occurrence of behavioral and somatic symptoms severe enough to impair a woman's social and work-related functioning during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. On the basis of strict diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of the disorder is estimated to be 2.5 percent among women of reproductive age. No marked racial or ethnic differences in the prevalence of the disorder have been identified.There are several effective treatments for premenstrual syndrome that have largely supplanted older, unproved therapies such as dietary restrictions, . . .
Disposable Hypodermic Syringes and Needles
Authors: Joseph J. Healy
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The introduction in recent years of the disposable hypodermic syringe and needle, packed in sterile containers, has proved a marked convenience to the medical profession, hospitals, and nursing homes. They have been designed to be used once and then discarded. The final disposition of the used syringes and needles is causing some concern to the Illinois Department of Public Safety, Division of Narcotic Control, since inspectors of this division have been called to investigate the possession of discarded syringes and needles by juveniles who find them in garbage cans or sometimes in city dumps and who use them as squirt guns. In one case we investigated, two young boys had been caught attempting to inject air into the vein of a cat. The Division of Narcotic Control was called recently by a sheriff of a downstate county to investigate the discovery of a bag of discarded disposable
A Role for Tubular Necroptosis in Cisplatin-Induced AKI
Authors: Yanfang Xu, Huabin Ma, Jing Shao, Jianfeng Wu, Linying Zhou, Zhirong Zhang, Yuze Wang, Zhe Huang, Junming Ren, Suhuan Liu, Xiangmei Chen, Jiahuai Han
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Cell death and inflammation in the proximal tubules are the hallmarks of cisplatin-induced AKI, but the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated whether necroptosis, a type of programmed necrosis, has a role in cisplatin-induced AKI. We found that inhibition of any of the core components of the necroptotic pathway—receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1), RIP3, or mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL)—by gene knockout or a chemical inhibitor diminished cisplatin-induced proximal tubule damage in mice. Similar results were obtained in cultured proximal tubular cells. Furthermore, necroptosis of cultured cells could be induced by cisplatin or by a combination of cytokines (TNF-α, TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis, and IFN-γ) that were upregulated in proximal tubules of cisplatin-treated mice. However, cisplatin induced an increase in RIP1 and RIP3 expression in cultured tubular cells in the absence of cytokine release. Correspondingly, overexpression of RIP1 or RIP3 enhanced cisplatin-induced necroptosis in vitro. Notably, inflammatory cytokine upregulation in cisplatin-treated mice was partially diminished in RIP3- or MLKL-deficient mice, suggesting a positive feedback loop involving these genes and inflammatory cytokines that promotes necroptosis progression. Thus, our data demonstrate that necroptosis is a major mechanism of proximal tubular cell death in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxic AKI.
PERIFUSIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR SCREENING ANTIBODIES (Ab) IN LIVING TISSUE
Authors: G. L. DeNardo, A. N. Saxe, S. J. DeNardo, A. Epstein, C. Suey
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

UCD Medical Center, Sacramento, CA and Northwestern Univ., Chicago, IL. Supported by DOE Grant DE ATO3–82, ACS Grant PDT-94F and UC Cancer Coord. Committee.
Transcatheter ablation of ectopic atrial tachycardia in young patients using radiofrequency current.
Authors: E P Walsh, J P Saul, J E Hulse, L A Rhodes, A J Hordof, J E Mayer, J E Lock
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is a reversible cause of cardiomyopathy but may be quite difficult to control with conventional therapy. Transcatheter ablation with radiofrequency current was tested as an alternative to medical or surgical treatment of this condition. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve young patients (aged 10 months to 19 years) with drug-resistant EAT were treated with direct transcatheter ablation of the ectopic focus using radiofrequency (RF) energy. All had depressed left ventricular contractility by echocardiographic criteria, involving shortening fractions of 10-26% (median, 20%; normal, 28-35%). The EAT was mapped to the left atrium in seven cases and to the right atrium in five. Local atrial activation at the ectopic site preceded the onset of the surface P wave by 20-60 msec (median, 42 msec). Tachycardia terminated 0.5-13.0 seconds (median, 2.0 seconds) into a successful RF application. The ablation effectively eliminated EAT in 11 of 12 patients (92%), all of whom were discharged in sinus rhythm without medications after a median hospital stay of 48 hours. Ablation was unsuccessful in one patient with diffuse dysplasia of the anterior right atrium, who eventually did well after surgical resection of abnormal atrial tissue. Transient depression of sinus node function was noted in one patient who had successful ablation of an EAT focus in close proximity to the sinus node, although normal sinus node function returned within 72 hours. No other complications were encountered. During follow-up (3-21 months; median, 13 months), one patient had recurrence of a slower and less-sustained EAT that was successfully eliminated at a second ablation session. All others remained in sinus rhythm, and all 12 subjects recovered normal ventricular function. CONCLUSIONS RF ablation appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic option for drug-resistant ectopic atrial tachycardia and may be the preferred first-line therapy for those patients with depressed ventricular function.
Remarks on Myalgia, or Muscular Pain
Authors: T. Inman
Journal: BMJ (1858)

seemed very low and feverish.He partook of some beef-tea and gruel; but expressed the greatest liking for some oranges, which were given to him.April 18th.He was rather better.He still perspired a good deal, and had a slight cough, which seemed to trouble him.The bandages were readjusted.The swelling about the cla- vicle had increased, and the pieces of bone were much out of position, although every means were, adopted to bring them in apposition.Cold lotions were applied, and a mixture of sul- phate of magnesia and tartarised antimony was administered every four hours.His pulse in the evening was 90, and his breathing had improved.April 19th.It was found that the broken clavicle was best in position during the time he was lying on his back; and as the figure-of eight bandage was uncomfortable, it was aban- doned, and his arm merely bound to his side, a large pad being placed in the axilla.The medicine acted freely upon his bowels; and he was more cheerful, and slept somewhat during the day.April 20th..A sliglht amount of ecchymosis was seen in the right eye to-day, and some slight degree of paralysis of the upper lid of that eve.This had not been apparent before.He complained of nio pain in his head; and there was no swelling or external mark of violence.
Abolition of in vivo platelet thrombus formation in primates with monoclonal antibodies to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor. Correlation with bleeding time, platelet aggregation, and blockade of GPIIb/IIIa receptors.
Authors: B S Coller, J D Folts, S R Smith, L E Scudder, R Jordan
Journal: Circulation (1989)

We studied the dose-response effects of the F(ab')2 fragments of murine monoclonal antibodies to the platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor (7E3 and 10E5) on in vivo platelet thrombus formation in a well-characterized monkey model in which the carotid artery is stenosed and thrombus formation is provoked and augmented by intimal damage and the infusion of subaggregating doses of epinephrine. Both antibodies abolished thrombus formation with a mean dose of -0.2 mg/kg. Ex vivo platelet aggregation was not always abolished at doses that abolished thrombus formation; similarly, bleeding times were only moderately prolonged (9.1 +/- 1.4 minutes) at these doses. Increasing the dose above that required to abolish thrombus formation consistently produced abolition of ex vivo platelet aggregation, marked prolongation of the bleeding time (14.2 +/- 1.5 minutes), and nearly quantitative blockade of GPIIb/IIIa receptors. We conclude that in a significant percentage of animals, the extent of GPIIb/IIIa blockade required to prevent vasoocclusive thrombus formation in this model is less than that required for abolition of platelet aggregation, and that the preservation of only a minority of functional GPIIb/IIIa receptors might be adequate to maintain a nearly normal bleeding time.
CD28 costimulation improves expansion and persistence of chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells in lymphoma patients
Authors: Barbara Savoldo, Carlos Almeida Ramos, Enli Liu, Martha P. Mims, Michael J. Keating, George Carrum, Rammurti T. Kamble, Catherine M. Bollard, Adrian P. Gee, Zhuyong Mei, Hao Liu, Bambi Grilley, Cliona M. Rooney, Helen E. Heslop, Malcolm K. Brenner, Gianpietro Dotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Targeted T cell immunotherapies using engineered T lymphocytes expressing tumor-directed chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are designed to benefit patients with cancer. Although incorporation of costimulatory endodomains within these CARs increases the proliferation of CAR-redirected T lymphocytes, it has proven difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the specific effects of costimulatory endodomains on the expansion, persistence, and antitumor effectiveness of CAR-redirected T cells in human subjects, owing to the lack of side-by-side comparisons with T cells bearing only a single signaling domain. We therefore designed a study that allowed us to directly measure the consequences of adding a costimulatory endodomain to CAR-redirected T cells. Patients with B cell lymphomas were simultaneously infused with 2 autologous T cell products expressing CARs with the same specificity for the CD19 antigen, present on most B cell malignancies. One CAR encoded both the costimulatory CD28 and the ζ-endodomains, while the other encoded only the ζ-endodomain. CAR+ T cells containing the CD28 endodomain showed strikingly enhanced expansion and persistence compared with CAR+ T cells lacking this endodomain. These results demonstrate the superiority of CARs with dual signal domains and confirm a method of comparing CAR-modified T cells within individual patients, thereby avoiding patient-to-patient variability and accelerating the development of optimal T cell immunotherapies.
Mebendazole
Authors: Max J. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Mebendazole (Vermox, Belgium), a new anthelmintic drug, was tested in Louisiana subjects infected with whipworms (<i>Trichuris trichiura</i>) and pinworms (<i>Enterobius vermicularis</i>). For comparative purposes, groups of patients infected with whipworms and pinworms were treated with thiabendazole (Mintezol) and pyrvinium pamoate (Povan), respectively. Mebendazole proved to be highly effective against whipworms in a three-day treatment course. The drug was relatively ineffective as a single-dose treatment, as was thiabendazole when administered in the recommended two-day treatment course. We found mebendazole to be at least as effective as pyrvinium pamoate against pinworm infections when both were administered as single doses. Mebendazole was found to be free of notable side effects and, in our opinion, is the current drug of choice for treatment of whipworm and pinworm infections. (<i>JAMA</i>230:1412-1414, 1974)
Chest Pain Relief by Nitroglycerin
Authors: Charles A. Henrikson, Nisha Chandra-Strobos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters17 August 2004Chest Pain Relief by NitroglycerinCharles A. Henrikson, MD, MPH and Nisha Chandra-Strobos, MDCharles A. Henrikson, MD, MPHFrom Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.Search for more papers by this author and Nisha Chandra-Strobos, MDFrom Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-4-200408170-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Drs. Evans and Reilly raise several points regarding possible sources of bias in our study. We do not concur with their statement that “many study participants with missing or uninterpretable test results were dropped.” Of the 1098 patients admitted with chest pain during the study time frame, 459 met entry criteria and were enrolled. As stated in our paper, most patients who were excluded did not have active chest pain while under medical supervision or could not quantify their chest pain. These patients did not receive therapy and thus were not candidates for the study.We indeed focused ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Charles A. Henrikson, MD, MPH; Nisha Chandra-Strobos, MDAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21224. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoChest Pain Relief by Nitroglycerin Does Not Predict Active Coronary Artery Disease Charles A. Henrikson , Eric E. Howell , David E. Bush , J. Shawn Miles , Glenn R. Meininger , Tracy Friedlander , Andrew C. Bushnell , and Nisha Chandra-Strobos Chest Pain Relief by Nitroglycerin Arthur T. Evans and Brendan M. Reilly Metrics 17 August 2004Volume 141, Issue 4Page: 324-325KeywordsEmergency departmentForecastingIschemiaStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 17 August 2004 Issue Published: 17 August 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression.
Authors: L Rasmussen, A Arvin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

Chemotherapeutic agents are used widely in clinical medicine for the treatment of conditions where diminution of the host immune response is a goal. The clinical use of immunosuppression is indicated for immunologically mediated disease, lymphoproliferative diseases, and prevention of graft rejection. Five categories of agents are useful for these purposes; they are ionizing irradiation, corticosteroids, biological alkylating agents, antilymphocyte sera and antimetabolites. While the specific molecular action of many of these drugs is known, how they affect cellular events in immune responses is less clear. One of the unfortunate sequelae of chemotherapy induced immunosuppression is an increased susceptibility of the host to opportunistic pathogens or malignancies. Specific methods are described for monitoring the various parameters of both humoral and cellular immunity. Studies of immunologic function in lymphoma patients and cardiac transplant patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs have shown specific defects in cell mediated immunity to herpes viruses which may relate to their increased susceptibility to infection by these agents.
Are We Always? When Do We Stop?
Authors: H. J. Van Peenen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

On Being a Doctor1 January 1993Are We Always? When Do We Stop?H. J. Van Peenen, MDH. J. Van Peenen, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-1-199301010-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail A physician reads of a sanction brought by the medical board against a casual friend. His musings lead him to more fundamental questions, such as when does one become a doctor? When, if ever, does one cease to be one?Dysart, Christian, M.D., License #7265 (Salem, Marion County, Oregon)The board and the physician entered into a Retired Status Agreement without Findings and Order. The effective date of retirement was January 1, 1992. RETIRED STATUS AGREEMENT WITHOUT FINDINGS AND ORDER SIGNED: December 27, 1991That is the exact wording in the Bulletin of the Medical Disciplinary Board of the Board ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Corresponding Author: H. J. Van Peenen, 3910 Courtney Lane S.E., Salem, OR 97302. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1993Volume 118, Issue 1Page: 69-70KeywordsAlcoholsDementiaDrug abuseDrugsElderlyEmotionsMedicareNursing homesSleepSubstance abuse Issue Published: 1 January 1993 CopyrightCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Promotion of exercise in primary care
Authors: S. Iliffe, T. Masud, D. Skelton, D. Kendrick
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) encodes the pore-forming subunit of the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K<sup>+</sup> channel (I<sub>Kr</sub>) important for cardiac repolarization. Dysfunction of the hERG channel causes Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). While diverse compounds reduce the hERG current (I<sub>hERG</sub>) by blocking the channel, probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug that causes LQTS, reduces I<sub>hERG</sub> by decreasing plasma-membrane hERG protein expression. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of probucol effects on hERG expression levels. Our data demonstrated that probucol accelerated degradation of mature hERG channels which associated with caveolin-1 (Cav1) in hERG-expressing HEK cells. In HEK cells without hERG expression, probucol promoted endogenous Cav1 degradation. In hERG-expressing HEK cells, overexpression of Cav1 enhanced, whereas knockdown of Cav1 impeded probucol-induced reduction of mature hERG channels. Thus, probucol reduces hERG expression through accelerating Cav1 turnover. The effects of probucol on Cav1 and hERG result from probucol9s cholesterol-disrupting action, since low density lipoprotein (LDL), a potent cholesterol carrier, effectively prevented probucol-induced reduction of I<sub>hERG</sub> in hERG-expressing HEK cells and of I<sub>Kr</sub> in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Our data provide evidence that targeting hERG-interacting protein caveolin represents a novel mechanism for drugs to decrease hERG expression and cause LQTS.
Stalin's Last Crime: The Doctors' Plot
Authors: Chin Jung
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Most readers of this journal, despite life's vicissitudes, would take it for granted that they live in a society governed by reason and the rule of law. The example of their own careers would be enough to convince them that theirs was a society that rewarded talent, hard work, and moral commitment; and it would be hard to conceive of a society that was structured otherwise. Which makes it all the more shattering to read this account of post-second world war Soviet Russia. The authors describe a world in which what was rational and what was desirable were defined by the whims of one man, Stalin, and they make plain the nearly unimaginable degree of suffering for which he …