tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4234: A genome-wide RNAi screen implicates histone deacetylases as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma
Authors: Jennifer A. Perry, Stuart Orkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Osteosarcoma, the most common primary malignancy of bone, is an aggressive cancer occurring predominantly in children and adolescents. Studies of familial cancer syndromes and sporadic cases have strongly implicated both p53 and pRb in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. Thus, our lab created a fully penetrant mouse model of osteosarcoma based on the osteoblast-specific deletion of p53 and pRb. This model faithfully recapitulates the defining features of human OS, including pathology, metastatic behavior, and cytogenetic complexity and shares a transcriptional profile with the human disease. Using a genome-wide shRNA screen, we have identified gene products whose inhibition synergizes with p53 and pRb deletion to kill osteosarcoma cells. This screen identified genes that are required for proliferation and survival of osteosarcoma cell lines in an unbiased fashion. The screen identified a number of druggable gene products and pathways, including members of the HDAC family of histone deacetylases. Follow-up studies with selective chemical HDAC inhibitors and shRNAs against individual HDACs demonstrate that osteosarcoma cells are vulnerable to HDAC1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 inhibition. Selective inhibition of HDACs has emerged as a promising avenue toward cancer therapy, therefore we look to understand if and how HDAC inhibition can be used as a therapeutic approach to treating osteosarcoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4234. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4234
Effect of human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes on chromosomal and plasmid DNA of Escherichia coli. Role of acid DNase.
Authors: M Rozenberg-Arska, J A van Strijp, W P Hoekstra, J Verhoef
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Phagocytosis and killing by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes are important host resistance factors against invading microorganisms. Evidence showing that killing is rapidly followed by degradation of bacterial components is limited. Therefore, we studied the fate of Escherichia coli DNA following phagocytosis of E. coli by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. [3H]thymidine-labeled, unencapsulated E. coli PC2166 and E. coli 048K1 were incubated in serum, washed, and added to leukocytes. Uptake and killing of the bacteria and degradation of DNA were measured. Although phagocytosis and killing by mononuclear leukocytes was less efficient than that by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, only mononuclear leukocytes were able to degrade E. coli PC2166 DNA. Within 2 h, 60% of the radioactivity added to mononuclear leukocytes was released into the supernate, of which 40% was acid soluble. DNA of E. coli 048K1 was not degraded. To further analyze the capacity of mononuclear leukocytes to degrade E. coli DNA, chromosomal and plasmid DNA was isolated from ingested bacteria and subjected to agarose gel-electrophoresis. Only chromosomal DNA was degraded after phagocytosis. Plasmid DNA of E. coli carrying a gene coding for ampicillin resistance remained intact for a 2-h period after ingestion, and was still able to transform recipient E. coli cells after this period. Although we observed no DNA degradation during phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lysates of both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes contained acid-DNase activity with a pH optimum of 4.9. However, the DNase activity of mononuclear leukocytes was 20 times higher than that of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. No difference was observed between DNase activity from polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes from a chronic granulomatous disease patient with DNase activity from control polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes.
Abstract 3338: Characterization of glucose transporter 3 in head and neck cancer initiating cells
Authors: Yu-Syuan Chen, Jeng-Fan Lo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a lethal cancer with clinical, pathological, phenotypical and biological heterogeneity. Cancer initiating cells (CICs) exhibit self-renewal and promote tumor progression capacity. We have also identified the subpopulation of head and neck cancer initiating cells (HN-CICs), and observed the upregulation of Glucose Transporter 3(Glut3) in HN-CICs by differential systemic analyses. However, the role of Glut3 in HN-CICs metabolism alternation remains unclear. Herein we determined the critical role of Glut3, a novel CICs marker, in the maintenance of stemness characteristics and tumorigenic phenotype of HN-CICs. Methods: Stable overexpression and knockdown of Glut3 expression in HNSCCs and HN-CICs was achieved by lentiviral-mediated system. Consequently, we elucidated the stemness properties and tumorigenicity of HNSCCs and HN-CICs with Glut3 down-regulation. Consequently, we investigated the role of Glut3 in metabolism regulation of cancer initiation cells. Results: Lentiviral knockdown of Glut3 significantly reduced the self-renewal ability and cancer initiation cell marker Grp78 expression in HN-CICs. Additionally, down-regulation of Glut3 enhanced the differentiation capability but inversely diminished “stemness” gene expression of HN-CICs. Of note, knockdown of Glut3 lessened tumorigenicity of HN-CICs both in vitro. Conclusion: We showed that Glut3 contributes to the maintenance of stemness and tumorigenicity of HN-CICs. In addition, the expression of Glut3 was involved in HN-CICs metabolism. Overall, silencing Glut3 might be a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC by eliminating CICs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3338. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3338
METABOLIC IMAGING WITH ß-METHYL-P-[123I]-IODOPHENYL-PENTADECANOIC ACID IDENTIFIES ISCHEMIC MEMORY IN PATIENTS WITH VASOSPASTIC ANGINA
Authors: Kihei Yoneyama, Yoshihiro Akashi, Kohei Ashikaga, Keisuke Kida, Kengo Suzuki, Fumihiko Miyake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
859-4 Nonterminal Pro B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic heart failure: Correlation with B-type natriuretic peptide and left ventricular structure and function
Authors: Veselin Mitrovic, Inder Anand, Thorsten Dill, Michael Weber, Thomas Notter, Josef Schenk, Thomas F Luescher, Christian W Hamm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Off-Label Drug Coverage Tackled By States
Authors: H. McIntosh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Off-Label Drug Coverage Tackled By States Get access Hugh McIntosh Hugh McIntosh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 14, 18 July 1990, Pages 1176–1177, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.14.1176 Published: 18 July 1990
Treatment of Chronic Pain by Acupuncture
Authors: Pui Lam Tsang
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article (232:1133, 1975) by Lee et al concluded that acupuncture is a placebo and that it is hardly worth the time to employ such a technique, since there is no lasting pain relief after four treatments. They did admit that there is an increasing degree of pain relief with each subsequent treatment. I would like to point out the fallacies of that study and its conclusion: (1) The so-called arbitrary distant points used in the study may not be arbitrary at all. The points employed were not published, and faulty technique is a possibility. (2) A course of four acupuncture treatments is hardly adequate for the average case, not to mention one involving rheumatoid arthritis. This was the reason for a low percentage of lasting pain relief in that study. (3) It is common practice for a physician to order physical therapy for three times a
Polycomb group ring finger 1 cooperates with Runx1 in regulating differentiation and self-renewal of hematopoietic cells
Authors: Katharina Ross, Anna K. Sedello, Gabriele Putz Todd, Maciej Paszkowski-Rogacz, Alexander W. Bird, Li Ding, Tatyana Grinenko, Kira Behrens, Nina Hubner, Matthias Mann, Claudia Waskow, Carol Stocking, Frank Buchholz
Journal: Blood (2012)
Subjective memory problems
Authors: S. Iliffe, L. Pealing
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Subjective memory problems are much more common in later life than the objective problems that suggest minor cognitive impairment or dementia Subjective memory problems are not simply a characteristic of the "worried well" and should be taken seriously Depression is associated with subjective memory problems, as are older age, female sex, and low educational attainment Depression is itself a risk factor for dementia, making the diagnostic task even more difficult Subjective memory problems are a poor predictor of dementia syndrome (loss of memory and one other aspect of cognition sufficient to cause impairment) When deciding whether to refer to specialist services, practitioners need to rely on rules of thumb to evaluate the extent and possible significance of symptoms or subjective memory loss The National Dementia Strategy for England, published in 2009,1 urges general practitioners to become skilled at recognising dementia at an early stage and to promptly refer those at risk to specialist memory services.The implementation of the strategy includes a public awareness campaign to reduce the stigma of dementia and encourage people to approach their GP if they have concerns about their memory.Subjective memory loss, which is seen as the cardinal symptom of dementia by the public, is likely to be the main problem reported by those who consult their doctor.However, the findings of the Kungsholmen cohort study, which included 1435 people aged 7595 years without dementia, suggest
Interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 directed immunotherapy targets hepatic fibrosis and tumorigenesis induced by choline deficient diet in an in vivo mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Toshio Fujisawa, Bharat H Joshi, Raj K Puri
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease in the United States. It is estimated that 3% of US population has nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH can progress to cirrhosis leading to development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Bhopal tragedy's repercussions may reach American physicians
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The A. he Bhopal, India, tragedy has stimulated moves in the United States that could alter handling of toxic chemicals and dissemination of information about them to the medical profession and public. Bhopal, of course, came to world attention when methyl isocyanate gas escaped from the Union Carbide Corporation plant there (which now is closed and may be torn down). Some 100,000 persons were exposed to the gas, and—while 1,048 deaths have been confirmed—it is believed that at least 2,500 died. In the United States, Rep Donald K. Pease (D-Ohio) is putting a bill before Congress that—while directed at banning importation of a suspected carcinogen— contains a clause encouraging international regulation of industrial facilities. At the moment, a company's adherence to any set of international standards is voluntary. In the meantime, also in the United States, chemical industry leaders admit that the Bhopal tragedy has stimulated a re-examination of practices
First report of successful clearance of hepatitis B and D coinfection with tenofovir monotherapy
Authors: Gary James, Prabhjot Sidhu, Mohammad Raza
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

1Department of GastroenterologyDoncaster Royal InfirmaryDoncasterUK 2Department of VirologyNorthern General HospitalSheffieldUK *Address reprint requests to: Gary James, FRCP, Doncaster Royal Infirmary, Armthorpe Road, Doncaster, UK DN2 5LT. E‐mail: [email protected]. [Correction added May 18, 2015, after first online publication: email address was changed from [email protected] to [email protected].]
Abstract 2670: Genetic variants in human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family gene predict tumor recurrence in breast cancer
Authors: Henry(Xiong Jia) Zhang, David Paez, Georgios Giamas, Aleksandra Filipovic, Dongyun Yang, Pierre Bohanes, Yan Ning, Armin Gerger, Melissa J. LaBonte, Justin Stebbing, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or HER) family is composed of 4 members: HER1 (EGFR), HER2 (neu), HER3 and HER4. In breast cancer, besides HER2, other HER family members may also overexpressed and their dimerization may contribute to chemo-resistance. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HER family genes have been associated with breast cancer risk and outcome. We tested 7 functional SNPs in HER family genes (HER1-4) (HER1 rs2227983, HER2 rs1136201, HER3 rs2271189 and HER4 rs4673628, rs839523, rs707284, rs6735267) in a cohort of Estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer patients to determine their association with clinical outcome. Method: Tissue samples of 221 patients with ER positive primary invasive breast cancer (median age=56 years; range=28-90 years), who had undergone surgery at Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK between 1981 and 2003, were analyzed. The median follow-up was 6.5 years and 96 of 221 patients (43%) had tumor recurrence with a 5-year probability of recurrence of 40%. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples and SNPs were analyzed using direct DNA-sequencing or PCR-RFLP. Results: In univariable analysis, EGFR R497K (rs2227983), and HER2 I655V (rs1136201) were associated with time to tumor recurrence (TTR)(log-rank P=0.007 and 0.041, respectively). In multivariable analysis, EGFR R(G)497K(A) remained significantly associated with TTR. Patients with EGFR 497 AA genotype (n=15) had a shorter median TTR 4.8 years (95%C.I 0.9-6.3 years) compared to those harboring AG or GG genotype (n=201), had median TTR=6.9 years (95%C.I 5.3-8.4 years). (Wald test p value = 0.041 in the Cox model adjusting for lymph node status, tumor size and HER2 staining). Conclusion: Genetic variants in the HER family gene may be potential molecular markers to predict tumor recurrence in advanced ER positive breast cancer. Further large, prospective trials are needed to confirm our preliminary findings. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2670. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2670
Diagnostic Ultrasound: Text and Cases
Authors: Donald L. King
Journal: JAMA (1981)

"An ultrasound teaching file" is the editors' description of this large book, and an excellent one it is. Following a concise chapter on basic principles,<i>Diagnostic Ultrasound: Text and Cases</i>is divided according to organ systems. Each chapter contains two major sections. The first is text, four to 19 pages in length, prepared by one of the eight contributing authors or the editors. The text describes ultrasound technique, normal anatomy, and pathological states, followed by generally ample references. The second section of each chapter is case material, compiled and discussed by the editors. These cases are obtained primarily from the editors' laboratories and no doubt comprise their own fine teaching file. The 1,192 figures illustrating these cases are of uniformly high quality. Their standard presentation and complete labeling provide an uncommon continuity throughout the multiauthored book. Of greatest importance, however, are the editors' interpretative discussions that accompany each case. These
The Cardiomyocyte Circadian Clock
Authors: David J. Durgan, Martin E. Young
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Circadian misalignment has been implicated in the development of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Time-of-day-dependent synchronization of organisms with their environment is mediated by circadian clocks. This cell autonomous mechanism has been identified within all cardiovascular-relevant cell types, including cardiomyocytes. Recent molecular- and genetic-based studies suggest that the cardiomyocyte circadian clock influences multiple myocardial processes, including transcription, signaling, growth, metabolism, and contractile function. Following an appreciation of its physiological roles, the cardiomyocyte circadian clock has recently been linked to the pathogenesis of heart disease in response to adverse stresses, such as ischemia/reperfusion, in animal models. The purpose of this review is therefore to highlight recent advances regarding the roles of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock in both myocardial physiology and pathophysiology (ie, health and disease).
Vinblastine for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: PAMELA L. MEDELLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1982Vinblastine for Autoimmune Hemolytic AnemiaPAMELA L. MEDELLIN, M.D., ETHEL PATTEN, M.D., GARY B. WEISS, M.D., PH.D.PAMELA L. MEDELLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ETHEL PATTEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, GARY B. WEISS, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-123_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Gertz and associates (1) have reported using vinblastine-loaded platelets successfully in the treatment of immune hemolytic anemias. They questioned whether intravenous vinblastine alone would produce the same results but were concerned about erythropoietic suppression. At the University of Texas Medical Branch, two patients have been treated with vinblastine infusions with successful control of their anemia and no bone marrow suppression.A 53-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of fatigue, abdominal pain, and bloody stool. Physical examination was remarkable for generalized petechiae and tachycardia. Initial blood work showed a leukocyte count of 7700/mm3with a normal differential...References1. GERTZPETITTPINEDAWICKBURGSTALER MRAME. Vinblastine-loaded platelets for autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:325-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GILLEAKINWEISS DDG. Cutaneous necrosis from chemotherapy in a patient with an arteriovenous fistula. Cancer Treat Rep. 1981;65:352-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. AHNHARRINGTONBYRNES YWJ. Slow infusion of vinca alkaloids in the treatment of refractory ITP. Clin Res. 1979;27:508A. Abstract. Google Scholar4. AHNBYRNESHARRINGTON YJW. The treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenia with vinblastine-loaded platelets. N Engl J Med. 1978;298:1101-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. YAPBLUMENSCHEINKEATINGHORTOBAGYITASHIMALOO HGMGCT. Vinblastine given as a continuous 5-day infusion in the treatment of refractory advanced breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rep. 1980;64:279-83. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, TX 77550 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByManagement of Autoimmune Hemolytic AnemiasAutoimmune hemolysis: a critical reviewSpurious automated red cell values in warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia 1 January 1982Volume 96, Issue 1Page: 123-123KeywordsAbdominal painAnemiaBloodBone marrowFatigueHemolytic anemiaPlateletsTachycardia Issue Published: 1 January 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Load-Induced Growth Responses in Isolated Adult Rat Hearts
Authors: Christiane D. Thienelt, Ellen O. Weinberg, Jozef Bartunek, Beverly H. Lorell
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Stimulation of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1 ) receptor by angiotensin II appears to be mandatory for the acute load-induced hypertrophic response of cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes, but its role in the adult heart is controversial. We tested the hypothesis that AT 1 receptor blockade will inhibit the acute induction of proto-oncogenes and protein synthesis by the elevation of systolic wall stress in isolated beating adult rat hearts. Methods and Results Using the established isovolumic perfused heart preparation under constant coronary flow, we found that an increment in left ventricular balloon volume generated an increase in systolic wall stress. The induction of left ventricular c- fos and c- myc mRNA (Northern blotting) was assessed in hearts subjected to increased systolic load without AT 1 blockade (No AT 1 , n=11) and with AT 1 blockade (AT 1 , n=11, losartan 40 mg·kg −1 ·d −1 ×5 days followed by 10 −5 mol/L infusion during perfusion). Flaccid hearts (no left ventricular balloon) served as controls (C, n=9). The stimulation of new protein synthesis in response to increased systolic load was measured by incorporation of [ 3 H]phenylalanine into cardiac proteins. Elevation of systolic load was associated with a twofold ( P &lt;.05) increase in c- fos and c- myc mRNA levels that was not blocked by losartan. The rate of [ 3 H]phenylalanine incorporation into cardiac proteins was increased 2.7-fold ( P &lt;.01) in hearts subjected to increased systolic load compared with control hearts. However, AT 1 receptor blockade with losartan did not prevent the stimulation of [ 3 H]phenylalanine incorporation (881±97 versus 923±82 nmol·g protein −1 ·h −1 , P =NS). Conclusions In contrast with immature myocytes subjected to stretch, the acute growth responses induced by systolic pressure overload in adult rat hearts do not depend on AT 1 receptor activation.
Induced expression of A monocytoid B lymphocyte antigen phenotype on the reh cell line
Authors: Bimal Patel, Ramzi M. Mohammad, John Blaustein, Ayad Al‐Katib
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A human common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line, REH, was treated in vitro with γ‐interferon (γ‐IFN) or 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA). Untreated (control) and treated cells were analyzed for changes in growth patterns, morphology, cytochemistry, surface phenotype, and terminal transferase (TdT) activity. TPA but not γ‐IFN induced further maturation of REH cells along the B‐cell lineage. There was a dramatic decrease in CALLA expression, loss of TdT activity, induction of Leu M5, and increase in Leu 14 expression. TPA also induced monocytoid morphological features on REH cells. Enzymatically, the induced cells strongly expressed acid phosphatase (tartrate sensitive), α‐naphthol acetate esterase (NAE), and periodic acid Schiff (PAS). We conclude that TPA induced monocytoid B‐lymphocyte features on REH cells within the B‐cell lineage, which should not be confused with monocytes/macrophage. The phenotype of cells in this stage is Leu 14 +, Leu M5 +, BL1 +, Leu 12 +, AcP +, PAS +, NAE +, CALLA‐, TdT‐, MO1‐, and MO2‐.
Sexual Abuse of Children
Authors: Barbara Herjanic
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Detection of sexual abuse in children involves careful history-taking, complete physical examination, and, most importantly, a high index of suspicion. Primary care physicians play an important role, since they are likely to be the first persons consulted. Complete management includes immediate attention to physical care, prophylactic measures, psychological evaluation and treatment, and collection of medicolegal evidence. For the protection of the child, one person must assume responsibility for coordination of treatment and adequate follow-up. (<i>JAMA</i>239:331-333, 1978)