tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dobutamine-Atropine Stress Echocardiography in Asymptomatic Healthy Individuals
Authors: Steen Carstensen, Samir M. Ali, Frank V. Stensgaard-Hansen, Jens Toft, Stig Haunsø, Henning Kelbæk, Kari Saunamäki
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Interpretation of dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography (DASE) is based on the assumption that the normal response to dobutamine-atropine infusion is characterized by increased systolic thickening and motion of the left ventricular (LV) walls, whereas a reduction or no change is considered indicative of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess changes in LV dimension and wall motion patterns during DASE in a healthy population. Methods and Results Forty-two asymptomatic voluntary subjects (22 men) with a mean age of 59 years (range, 31 to 79 years) and a likelihood of &lt;5% for coronary artery disease underwent DASE with digital recording of two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography at baseline and low-dose and peak infusion rates. Mean end-diastolic and end-systolic LV diameters and areas decreased and wall thicknesses increased progressively throughout the test. Wall motion and thickening increased from baseline to low-dose infusion in nearly all subjects. However, from low-dose to peak infusion, the mean absolute wall motion and relative wall thickening decreased by 13.1% (95% CI, 2.7 to 23.5) and 21.4% (95% CI, 6.4 to 36.4) regardless of age, sex, or use of atropine. Changes in fractional shortening and absolute wall thickening varied considerably, with a decrease observed in 15 and 13 individuals (36% and 31%), respectively. Conclusions In healthy subjects, measures of wall motion and wall thickening increased from baseline to low-dose infusion but decreased from low-dose to peak infusion. These findings call for revision of the assumptions on which the common analysis of DASE is based.
Intracardiac Phonocardiography in the Differential Diagnosis of Continuous Murmurs.
Authors: Thomas A. Huffman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Intracardiac Phonocardiography in the Differential Diagnosis of Continuous Murmurs.Thomas A. Huffman, M.D., Richard S. Goodwin, M.S., Richard F. Leighton, M.D., Joseph M. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P., Charles F. Wooley, M.D.Thomas A. Huffman, M.D., Richard S. Goodwin, M.S., Richard F. Leighton, M.D., Joseph M. Ryan, M.D., F.A.C.P., Charles F. Wooley, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-904_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIntracardiac sound and pressure are of both investigative and diagnostic significance in the evaluation of heart sounds and murmurs. The understanding of the basic mechanisms of continuous murmurs, their distinction from certain to and fro murmurs, and the diagnostic aspects of this method constitute the subject of this report.By combining intracardiac and external phonocardiography, conventional catheterization, and angiographic studies, and with surgical confirmation in 11, continuous murmurs have been investigated in 12 patients ranging in age from 16 to 38 years.Murmurs produced by fistulous communications are intense, usually confined to a small area near the fistulous opening, and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Columbus, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIndocyanine green: An old drug with novel applications 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 904-905KeywordsCatheterizationHeart Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinics in neurology and neurosurgery of sport: traumatic cerebral contusion
Authors: G Davis, D Marion, B George, O Hamel, M Turner, P McCrory
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

This case highlights the difficulties encountered in managing a sports player with traumatic brain injury. Fortunately, most head injuries in sport are minor and recover completely. Although the consensus definition1 of sports concussion emphasizes the lack of structural brain injury, this is not the case with more severe injuries.

The presence of acute abnormalities (eg, contusion, haemorrhage) on CT or MRI scans in such patients inherently pushes the nature and consequences of the injury higher up the spectrum of traumatic brain injury and standard sports concussion management guidelines may no longer apply.

The case described is one of mild TBI and not simple concussion. However, many elements of the management are common to both conditions, and for the sake of simplicity, we will accept, as have the faculty, that this is a case of concussion with a cerebral contusion.

### Patient 1

A 26 year-old professional ice hockey player was celebrating his team’s victory at a local nightclub. He was hit over the head with a beer bottle and lost consciousness for 3 minutes. In the emergency department, he had neurologically fully recovered. His scalp laceration was sutured and a CT scan of the brain was performed, revealing a small frontal contusion. There was no associated skull fracture and the CT scan was otherwise unremarkable. He was advised to rest for 6 weeks and then underwent formal neurological and neuropsychological testing, which were normal. Repeat CT scan of the brain showed complete resolution of the contusion (fig 1). What recommendations do you make, based on the following considerations?



Figure 1 
Patient 1: repeat axial CT brain scan performed at 6 weeks after injury and reported as normal.



(1) Can he return to ice hockey?

1.  If so, when?

2.  Are there any extra precautions you would take when he returns to competition?

3.  If he sustains a …
Remarks on Lateral and Posterior Sclerosis of the Spinal Cord
Authors: J. Althaus
Journal: BMJ (1878)

A :-aneou;!y, or is it due to other preceding al'eiato.n1:ta.,' anui, therefore, a secondary consequence rather than a priinvry ev:si.? To ll these questions we can, as yet, not return a tht )t);1 h y satisfactory rep)ly; and it would be an easy, though ungrrtef&A, task l. rL.nig an impoting array of authorities on either side.Oa the proent occ ision, I do not intend to argue these various questions in a c )iiprelhensive manner, but will only express my own views on this part of the subject in the follow- ing propositions.(a.) Sclerosis may be both primary and secondary.(b.)Where it is primary, it is, as a rule, bilateral, and only excep.tionally confined to one-half of the spinal cord.(c.)Primary sclerosis, such as we see it in tal)es dorsalis and lateral spinal paralysis, consists of an extremely chronic intl immantion of the nervous matter, which leads, in course of time, to disintegration and wasting of nerve-cells and fibres, thickening of connective tissue, and formation of amyloid bodies in the meshes of that tissue.(d.) Secondary sclerosis is a simple degenerative process, arising from failure of nutrition, but leading in the end to the same pa hological ap.pearances as the primary or inflammatory variety of the affection.
Bradykinin and Its Metabolite, Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe, Are Selective Inhibitors of α-Thrombin–Induced Platelet Activation
Authors: Ahmed A.K. Hasan, Styliani Amenta, Alvin H. Schmaier
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Plasma kininogens are selective inhibitors of α-thrombin activation of platelets and endothelial cells. In the present study, we localized the α-thrombin inhibitory sequence of kininogens and describe its mechanism of action. Methods and Results Bradykinin and an analogue, MKRPPGFSPFRSSRIG, inhibited α-thrombin–induced platelet aggregation and secretion with an IC 50 of 0.25 and 1 mmol/L and of 0.23 and 0.5 mmol/L, respectively. The minimal inhibitory peptide was RPPGF. Bradykinin and its analogues did not inhibit ADP-, collagen-, U46619-, or SFLLRN-induced platelet activation or the ability of α-thrombin to cleave chromogenic substrates, clot fibrinogen, or block α-thrombin binding to platelets. Bradykinin, MKRPPGFSPFRSSRIG, and RPPGF abolished α-thrombin–induced (1 nmol/L) calcium mobilization. On flow cytometry, bradykinin and MKRPPGFSPFRSSRIG blocked α-thrombin from removing the epitope of its cleavage site on the cloned thrombin receptor. Furthermore, peptide RPPGF or high-molecular-weight kininogen prevented α-thrombin from cleaving the thrombin receptor peptide, NATLDPRSFLLR, between arginine and serine. Conclusions These results indicate that bradykinin and its metabolites are selective antithrombins by preventing α-thrombin cleavage of the cloned thrombin receptor between arginine-41 and serine-42. These newly recognized antithrombin peptides, which are termed thrombostatins, contribute to the cardioprotective nature of kinins.
Abstract 1531: SCN5A Promoter and Enhancer Variants associated with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hiroshi Watanabe, Dawood Darbar, Thomas C Atack, Ping Yang, Marylyn D Ritchie, Stephen Turner, Christiana R Ingram, Dan M Roden
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We have recently reported that 5.9% of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have rare variants in the coding region of the predominant cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A . In this study, we tested the hypothesis that AF susceptibility is also influenced by variants in the SCN5A core promoter and short non-coding nucleotide sequences highly conserved across species (CNS) that we previously identified. We resequenced the SCN5A core promoter region (~3 kb) and CNS regions in intron 1 (&lt;1 kb for each) in 376 patients with AF (111 patients with lone AF and 234 patients with AF and cardiac disease) and 47 ethnically-defined controls. The promoter activity of variants showing different frequencies in patients with AF compared to controls was studied using promoter-reporter assays in CHO cells and in neonatal mouse ventricular myocytes. Identification of variants Four common variants were identified in the core promoter in controls, and one of the variants (c.−225– 834 T&gt;C) was significantly more common in patients with AF than in controls (minor allele frequency: lone AF, 17%; AF and heart disease, 17%; control, 7%; P&lt;0.05 vs. control for each). In addition, 10 novel rare promoter variants were identified in patients with AF and were absent in controls. In CNS28, a 406 bp region in intron 1 that includes three TEF-1 binding sites, one variant (c.−53±15307 C&gt;T) which is predicted to disrupt one of the TEF-1 binding sites was identified in 7 out of 376 patients with AF (1 with lone AF, 6 with AF and heart disease), but not in controls. Functional study There was no difference in promoter activity between wild-type and c.−225– 834 T&gt;C SCN5A core promoters expressed in CHO cells. Wild-type CNS28 coexpressed with the SCN5A core promoter increased reporter activity by 77 ± 14% (P=0.03) in CHO cells and 261 ± 8% (P=0.001) in cardiomyocytes, compared to SCN5A promoter alone. However, c.−53+15307 C&gt;T CNS28 showed smaller effects on promoter activity in both CHO cells (52 ± 2 % of wild-type, P&lt;0.05) and cardiomyocytes (62 ± 8%, P&lt;0.05) compared to wild-type CNS28. Variants in the SCN5A promoter and an enhancer region in intron 1 were associated with AF. Variability in SCN5A transcription may affect AF susceptibility.
Abstract 4500: Tubulin binding agent BPR0L075 induces iitotic catastrophe in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells that is independent of caspase-3 activation.
Authors: Xinli Liu, Weimin Sun, Xiaolei Wang, Erxi Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Paclitaxel resistance is a significant clinical problem. In the current study, we evaluated antiproliferative effects of a tubulin binding agent BPR0L075 in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. BPR0L075 displays potent and broad-spectrum cytotoxicity at low nanomolar concentrations (IC50 = 2-7 nM) against both parental ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and A2780-1A9) and paclitaxel-resistant sublines (OVCAR-3-TR, SKOV-3-TR, 1A9-PTX10), regardless of the expression levels of the multidrug resistance transporter P-gp and class III β-tubulin or mutation of β-tubulin. BPR0L075 blocks cell cycle at the G2/M phase in paclitaxel-resistant cells while equal concentration of paclitaxel treatment was ineffective. BPR0L075 induced cell death in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3-TR and SKOV-3-TR) is primarily due to mitotic catastrophe, evidenced by formation of giant, multinucleated cells and absence of PARP cleavage and DNA fragmentation. Immunoblot analysis shows that survivin protein expression was depleted in resistant cells. BPR0L075 induced cell death in the paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells proceed through caspase-3 independent mechanisms, supported by the absence of caspase-3 cleavage and ineffectiveness of caspase-3 inhibitor in protecting the resistant cells from BPR0L075 induced cell death. In conclusion, BPR0L075 displays potent cytotoxic effects in ovarian cancer cells with a potential to overcome paclitaxel resistance by bypassing efflux transporters and inducing mitotic catastrophe. BPR0L075 represents a promising antimitotic agent in controlling taxane-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Citation Format: Xinli Liu, Weimin Sun, Xiaolei Wang, Erxi Wu. Tubulin binding agent BPR0L075 induces iitotic catastrophe in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells that is independent of caspase-3 activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4500. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4500
Access—Perceived or Real, and to What?
Authors: Barbara Starfield
Journal: JAMA (1995)

If health services have any value, then access to them must be important. The many research studies directed at demonstrating something so obvious as the value of access are testimony to concern about a health care system that does not ensure its universality. See also p 305. In this issue ofThe Journal, Bindman and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report that there is a relationship between better perceived access to health services overall and lower hospitalization rates for conditions preventable by adequate ambulatory care (ambulatory care—sensitive conditions, or ACSCs), thus confirming findings of earlier studies. In California alone, the literature on the value of access is rich: Roemer et al<sup>2</sup>demonstrated two decades ago that reductions in access led to higher hospitalization rates, and more recently the Rand Health Insurance Experiment and related studies<sup>3</sup>also demonstrated adverse effects on outcome with reductions in access. Although there are other determinants of
811 A MODIFIED CHILD-TURCOTTE-PUGH (CTP) FOR SELECTION OF PATIENTS AFFECTED BY CIRRHOSIS CANDIDATES TO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LT) WITH LOW MODEL FOR END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE SCORE (MELD)
Authors: S. Gitto, M. Biselli, A. Gramenzi, L. Brodosi, R. Di Donato, G. Vitale, S. Lorenzini, M. Ravaioli, G.L. Grazi, A.D. Pinna, M. Bernardi, P. Andreone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Circulating Endothelial Microparticle Levels Predict Hemodynamic Severity of Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Nicolas Amabile, Christian Heiss, Wendy May Real, Petros Minasi, Dana McGlothlin, Eduardo J. Rame, William Grossman, Teresa De Marco, Yerem Yeghiazarians
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Circulating microparticles (MPs) are submicron membrane fragments shed from damaged or activated vascular cells. Endothelial MPs are a biological marker of dysfunctional endothelium. Vascular remodeling and endothelial dysfunction are involved in pulmonary hypertension (PH).We tested the hypothesis that circulating MPs are increased in patients with PH and that identifiable subgroups of MPs predict the hemodynamic severity of this condition progression.Patients (n = 24; age, 54 +/- 4 yr) undergoing right heart catheterization for precapillary PH without any endothelium-active vasodilator therapy participated in the study. Age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (n = 20) were included. Endothelial (PECAM(+) [CD31(+)]/ CD41(-), VE-cadherin(+) [CD144(+)], and E-selectin(+) [CD62e(+)]), platelet (CD41(+)), leukocyte-derived (CD45(+)), and annexin V(+) MPs were measured by flow cytometry in platelet-free plasma from venous blood.Levels of circulating endothelial PECAM(+), VE-cadherin(+), E-selectin(+), and leukocyte-derived MPs, but not platelet and annexin V(+) MPs, were increased in subjects with PH compared with control subjects (P < 0.01 each). PECAM(+) and VE-cadherin(+) MP levels significantly correlated with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = 0.92 and r = 0.87, respectively), pulmonary vascular resistance (r = 0.78 and r = 0.73), and mean right atrial pressure (r = 0.43, and r = 0.46) and correlated inversely with cardiac index (r = -0.59 and r = -0.52). These relationships were not observed for other MP subgroups, and persisted in multivariate analysis after adjustment for confounding factors.In subjects with precapillary PH, levels of circulating endothelial and leukocyte MPs were increased compared with control subjects. In addition, levels of PECAM(+) and VE-cadherin(+), but not E-selectin(+), endothelial MPs predicted hemodynamic severity of the disease.
Effects of ethanol on hepatitis B virus Pre-S/S gene expression in the human hepatocellular carcinoma derived HEP G2 hepatitis B DNA positive cell line
Authors: Nathalie Ganne-Carrié, Dina Kremsdorf, Florianne Garreau, Marc Thévenin, Marie-Anne Petit, Bertrand Nalpas, Christian Bréchot
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1995)
Comparison of clinical significance and allergenic cross‐reactivity of storage mites <i>Blomia kulagini</i> and <i>Lepidoglyphus destructor</i> in Sweden and Brazil
Authors: M. van Hage‐Hamsten, L. Machado, M. T. Barros, S. G. O. Johansson
Journal: Allergy (1990)

Comparison of the clinical significance and allergenic cross‐reactivity of Blomia kulagini(B. kulagini) and Lepidoglyphus destructor (L. destructor) was made on sera from Sweden and Brazil using the radio‐allergo‐sorbent test (RAST) and the RAST inhibition technique. RAST‐positive sera were obtained from 53 allergic Swedish farmers and 31 allergic subjects from Brazil who were positive to B. kulagini and/or L. destructor. B. kulagini was shown to be a common cause of sensitization especially in Brazil. There was a fairly high correlation between positive RAST results to L. destructor and B. kulagini based on sera from both Sweden and Brazil. The highest RAST scores were found against L. destructor in Swedish sera and against B. kulagini in Brazilian sera. The RAST inhibition studies showed that the L. destructor extract was able to inhibit the B. kulagini system (a positive RAST to B. kulagini allergen disc) in Swedish but not in Brazilian sera. In contrast, the B. kulagini extract was only able to inhibit the L. destructor system in sera from Brazil and not in sera from Sweden. This study shows that results obtained with RAST inhibition are not entirely dependent on the overall specificity of the IgE antibodies in the patient's sera, since the more subtle specificity of the primarily sensitizing allergen will dominate. Thus, conclusions drawn regarding allergenic cross‐reactivity are dependent on the populations tested, and conclusions on the existence or absence of cross‐reactivity, e.g. between two species of mites may be contradictory.
Noninvasive Prediction of Ultimate Infarct Size at the Time of Acute Coronary Occlusion Based on the Extent and Magnitude of Collateral-Derived Myocardial Blood Flow
Authors: Matthew P. Coggins, Jiri Sklenar, D. Elizabeth Le, Kevin Wei, Jonathan R. Lindner, Sanjiv Kaul
Journal: Circulation (2001)

We hypothesized that by detecting regions with adequate collateral-derived myocardial blood flow (MBF) within the risk area (RA), we could predict ultimate infarct size (IS) at the time of coronary occlusion.Group 1 dogs (n=15) underwent coronary occlusion without reperfusion, whereas group 2 dogs (n=6) underwent both occlusion and reperfusion. RA was measured with aortic root injections of microbubbles. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was performed with high mechanical index intermittent harmonic imaging at pulsing intervals (PIs) of <1 to 30 cardiac cycles during an intravenous infusion of microbubbles (Sonozoid). MBF was measured with radiolabeled microspheres, and postmortem tissue staining was used to determine IS. Perfusion defect size (PDS) on MCE varied with the PI and was largest at a PI of 2.6+/-0.4 seconds, where it correlated well with RA (r=0.82). PDS was smallest at a PI of >/=10.6+/-1.5 seconds, where it correlated closely with IS (r>/=0.92). Areas that underwent necrosis could be identified early after coronary occlusion as having the lowest microvascular flow velocity (beta) and MCE-derived MBF (Axbeta). The results were similar with or without reperfusion. Because of variability in collateral-derived MBF, there was no correlation between RA and ultimate IS (P=0.37). The extent of regional dysfunction also correlated poorly with IS (r=0.31).MCE can be used immediately after coronary occlusion to define ultimate IS by measuring the magnitude and spatial extent of collateral-derived residual MBF within the RA. Thus, it could help individualize risk and management in acute myocardial infarction.
A reliable platinum electrode for intravascular ascorbate dilution studies
Authors: B. OESEBURG, J. OORD, W. G. ZIJLSTRA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1972)

Journal Article A reliable platinum electrode for intravascular ascorbate dilution studies Get access B. OESEBURG, B. OESEBURG From the Laboratory of Chemical Physiology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. OORD, J. OORD From the Laboratory of Chemical Physiology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. G. ZIJLSTRA W. G. ZIJLSTRA From the Laboratory of Chemical Physiology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 6, Issue 2, March 1972, Pages 214–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/6.2.214 Published: 01 March 1972
Complete correction of transposition of the great arteries with left juxtaposition of the atrial appendages.
Authors: B A Vidne, S Subramanian
Journal: Thorax (1976)

Juxtaposition of the atrial appendages is an uncommon anomaly which is usually associated with transposition of the great arteries. Experience with five patients with transposition of the great arteries in combination with juxtaposition of the atrial appendages in whom Mustard's operation was performed is reviewed. Technically, the existence of juxtaposition of the atrial appendages in corrective surgery for transposition does not present any additional surgical problems. Emphasis is placed on the advantages of early complete correction, avoiding the need for palliative procedure.