tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-01-25: Predictive factors of micrometastases in the sentinel node of patients affected by invasive early breast cancer
Authors: L Livi, I Meattini, S Bertocci, G Zei, S Cecchini, G Francolini, V Scotti, C De Luca Cardillo, L Orzalesi, D Casella, R Simoncini, J Nori, S Bianchi, G Biti
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Aim: nodal metastatic involvement is the most important prognostic indicator in breast cancer. Sentinel node biopsy led to an increase in the detection of micrometastases. The aim of our analysis was to identify predictive factors of micrometastases and macrometastases of sentinel node. Materials and Methods: between January 2000 and December 2006, 675 patients were treated with breast surgery and sentinel node evaluation at University of Florence (Florence, Italy). Estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, and Ki-67 labeling index determined with the MIB1 monoclonal antibody were assessed. HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression was scored as follows: 0, no staining or faint membrane staining; 1+, faint membrane staining in &amp;gt;10% of tumor cells, incomplete membrane staining; 2+, weak to moderate membrane staining in &amp;gt;10% of tumor cells; and 3+, intense circumferential membrane staining in &amp;gt;10% of tumor cells. HER2 scores of 0 and 1+ were considered negative. HER2 IHC 3+ and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) – amplified tumors were considered positive. All IHC 2+ tumors and indeterminate tumors were tested for gene amplification by FISH. The sentinel node was examined by hematoxylin and eosin. The patients were divided into three groups based on AJCC TNM staging: sentinel node negative (n = 601); micrometastases if tumor deposit more than 0.2 mm but &amp;lt;2 mm (n = 20), and macrometastases if tumor deposit more than 2 mm (n = 53). Results: at the logistic regression with polytomous analyses (outcome micrometastases or macrometastases), age (p = 0.048), menopausal state (p = 0.013), breast quadrant (p = 0.005), lymph vascular invasion (p = 0.0001), post-surgical T stage (p = 0.0001), histotypes (p = 0.023), HER2 status (p = 0.02), Ki-67 proliferative index (p = 0.001) and nuclear grade (p = 0.024) were significantly correlated with sentinel node macrometastases. Sentinel node biopsy technique (cytological aspiration versus histological biopsy) was not associated with micrometastases (p = 0.89) or macrometastases (p = 0.48) occurrence. The only feature significantly associated with micrometastases in sentinel node was the lymph vascular invasion (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: the presence of micrometastases remained fairly constant over time if compared to macrometastases. In our experience the only feature significantly associated with micrometastases in sentinel node is the lymph vascular invasion. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-01-25.
Radiographic measurement of total lung capacity in acute asthma.
Authors: M S Rothstein, M N Zelefsky, P Q Eichacker, D J Rudolph, M H Williams
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The thoracic cage appears to be large during attacks of asthma. Lung volume measurements by body plethysmography and helium dilution have suggested that total lung capacity may be increased during an acute attack of asthma, but doubt has been cast on the accuracy of these measurements in the presence of airflow obstruction. The change in total lung capacity has therefore been investigated during and after an acute attack of severe asthma in 32 patients by a radiographic technique. There was a small decrease (0.29 l) in mean total lung capacity between admission and follow up, though a quarter of the subjects showed a slight increase. There was no correlation between change in total lung capacity and change in expiratory flow rates, arterial carbon dioxide tension on admission, body mass index, and length of stay in hospital. Our findings agree with previous reports of a decrease in total lung capacity with improving airway obstruction, but the changes were small and inconsistent.
Approaches to improving the kinetics of adenovirus-delivered genes and gene products
Authors: Zhi-Li Xu, Hiroyuki Mizuguchi, Fuminori Sakurai, Naoya Koizumi, Tetsuji Hosono, Kenji Kawabata, Yoshiteru Watanabe, Teruhide Yamaguchi, Takao Hayakawa
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2005)
559 Individualized treatment strategy with peginterferon alpha-2b (PEG-IFN a) plus ribavirin according to early viral kinetics in hepatitis C virus (HCV) type 1 infected patients
Authors: T. Berg, V. Weich, G. Teuber, H. Klinkera, J. Rasenack, H. Hinrichsen, G.R. Pape, U. Spengler, P. Buggisch, M. Zankelg, H. Balkg, C. Sarrazin, S. Zeuzem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Abstract 5138: The regulation of CD44 expression in malignant brain tumor cells
Authors: Timothy A. Raines, Waldermar Debinski, Patrick M. Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor that demonstrates a high growth rate and the capacity to invade surrounding brain tissue. These characteristics result in a dismal prognosis for GBM patients. Current treatment options for GBM tumors involve surgical resection followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy. Disappointingly, GBM tumors are or become resistant to radiation and chemotherapy, and the invasiveness of GBM precludes curative removal of the tumor. GBM cells infiltration has been associated with the transmembrane glycoprotein, CD44, which is the principle cell surface receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA). The molecular mechanisms that regulate CD44 in GBM are not fully understood. However, CD44 protein expression has been associated with an AP-1 transcription factor, fos related antigen 1 (Fra-1), in another aggressive cancer, mesothelioma. Therefore, we investigated the regulation of CD44 expression in human glioma cells by Fra-1. Human GBM cell lines, U-251 MG, U-1242 MG, and A-172, were exposed to either epidermal growth factor (EGF, 20 ng/ml) or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, 50 ng/ml) at varying time points and Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression of CD44 and Fra-1. CD44 and Fra-1 expression levels increased with longer exposures (4 to 24 hr) to EGF and HGF. To determine whether Fra-1 takes part in the regulation of CD44 expression, we utilized transient gene knockdown using siRNA directed against fra-1. fra-1-siRNA decreased Fra-1 expression in EGF- and HGF-treated GBM cells. Following EGF stimulation and fra-1-siRNA treatments, CD44 expression also decreased. However, HGF stimulation of fra-1-siRNA treated GBM cells showed no change in CD44 expression. These data suggest that Fra-1 regulation of CD44 expression is growth factor-specific. To investigate whether CD44-mediated cell adhesion is promoted by the expression of Fra-1, we analyzed GBM cell adhesion to HA. U-251 MG and U-1242 MG cell lines demonstrated an increase adherence to HA after growth factor simulation, 4hr and 24 hr respectively. This data is comparable to the initial western blot analysis of the GBM cells after growth factor simulation. However, A-172 cells did not adhere to HA regardless of growth factor stimulation. These data suggest that CD44 binding to HA is cell line specific. Taken together, our results suggest that CD44-mediated HA binding of GBM cells can be regulated by Fra-1 expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5138.
Lack of improvement in ST segment resolution after the combination treatment of abciximab with reteplase compared to reteplase alone for acute myocardial infarction: results from the GUSTO V-RESTART substudy
Authors: Fernando A. Cura, Marco Roffi, Narcis Pasca, Katherine E. Wolski, Eric J. Topol, Michael S. Lauer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
High-dose atrial natriuretic factor enhances albumin escape from the systemic but not the pulmonary circulation.
Authors: R S Zimmerman, N C Trippodo, A A MacPhee, A J Martinez, R W Barbee
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) causes plasma fluid to shift out of the circulation and enhances the escape of radiolabeled albumin. Examination of the mechanisms by which ANF alters microcirculatory fluid and protein transfer will likely require studies in localized vascular regions. This study was aimed at determining the specific organs in which ANF increases the escape of albumin. Anesthetized, splenectomized rats that had both kidneys removed were infused with vehicle alone or rat ANF-(99-126) at 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, or 0.5 micrograms.min-1.kg-1 for 2 hours (n = 8 per group). Total red cell and plasma volumes were measured with chromium-51-labeled erythrocytes and iodine-125-labeled albumin, respectively. At the end of 2 hours, the rats were frozen in liquid nitrogen, and organ blood volumes and tissue 125I-albumin were determined. ANF decreased plasma volume at infusion rates of 0.1 and 0.5 micrograms.min-1.kg-1. ANF increased the rate at which 125I-albumin escaped from the overall circulation at infusion rates of 0.1 and 0.5 micrograms.min-1.kg-1. At an ANF infusion rate of 0.1 micrograms.min-1.kg-1, the albumin escape rate increased in the gastrointestinal tract, skeletal muscle, heart, and lungs. At an infusion rate of 0.5 micrograms.min-1.kg-1, the albumin escape rate increased in the gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and skin, but not the lungs. These findings suggest that at pathophysiological levels, ANF shifts protein out of the circulation in peripheral vascular beds and the lungs and may contribute to pulmonary edema in states such as congestive heart failure. At pharmacological levels, ANF may be protective of the lungs by preventing increased pulmonary albumin escape.
Math schemata and the origins of number representations
Authors: Susan Carey
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract The contrast Rips et al. draw between “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches to understanding the origin of the capacity for representing natural number is a false dichotomy. Its plausibility depends upon the sketchiness of the authors' own proposal. At least some of the proposals they characterize as bottom-up are worked-out versions of the very top-down position they advocate. Finally, they deny that the structures that these putative bottom-up proposals consider to be sources of natural number are even precursors of concepts of natural number. This denial depends upon an idiosyncratic, and mistaken, idea of what a precursor is.
Effect of Ambient Air Pollution on Pulmonary Exacerbations and Lung Function in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Christopher H. Goss, Stacey A. Newsom, Jonathan S. Schildcrout, Lianne Sheppard, Joel D. Kaufman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Information concerning the impact of environmental factors on cystic fibrosis (CF) is limited. We conducted a cohort study to assess the impact of air pollutants in CF. The study included patients over the age of 6 years enrolled in the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry in 1999 and 2000. Exposure was assessed by linking air pollution values from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System with the patients' home zip code. After adjusting for confounders, a 10 μg/m3 rise in particulate matter (both with a median aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm (PM10) or less and with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) was associated with an 8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2–15%) and 21% (95% CI, 7–33%) increase in the odds of two or more exacerbations, respectively; a 10-ppb rise in ozone was associated with a 10% (95% CI, 3–17%) increase in odds of two or more exacerbations. For every increase in PM2.5 of 10 μg/m3, there was an associated fall in FEV1 of 24 ml (7–40) (95% CI) after adjusting for confounders. PM2.5's association with mortality did not achieve statistical significance (adjusted RR = 1.32 per 10 μg/m3 0.91–1.93; 95% CI). Annual average exposures to particulate air pollution was associated with an increased risk of pulmonary exacerbations and a decline in lung function, suggesting a role of environmental exposures on prognosis in CF.
Legal Reforms Necessary to Promote Delivery System Innovation
Authors: Timothy Stoltzfus Jost
Journal: JAMA (2008)

AT THE CENTER OF ANY SERIOUS HEALTH CARE REform must be reform of the delivery system. The current fragmented fee-for-service system produces haphazard quality, fosters the use of unproven interventions, and increases costs. Although this delivery system fails to generate optimal results, the best alternative is unknown. Indeed, it is unlikely that there is a single best way to organize and deliver health care services. Sustainable reform must facilitate innovation by fostering different ways of organizing and paying for health care services. The current legal environment has created major barriers to delivery system innovation. Innovation will not occur if each novel way to organize and pay for care needs to be adjudicated case-by-case or is threatened with legal proceedings. What are the problems with the current delivery system? What legal reforms are needed to encourage delivery system innovation?
Lipid mediators in immune dysfunction after severe inflammation
Authors: James N. Fullerton, Alastair J. O’Brien, Derek W. Gilroy
Journal: Trends in Immunology (2013)

Sepsis, trauma, burns, and major surgical procedures activate common systemic inflammatory pathways. Nosocomial infection, organ failure, and mortality in this patient population are associated with a quantitatively different reprioritization of the circulating leukocyte transcriptome to the initial inflammatory insult, greater in both magnitude and duration, and secondary to multiple observed defects in innate and adaptive immune function. Dysregulation of inflammatory resolution processes and associated bioactive lipid mediators (LMs) mechanistically contribute to this phenotype. Recent data indicate the potential efficacy of therapeutic interventions that either reduce immunosuppressive prostaglandins (PGs) or increase specialized proresolving LMs. Here, we reassess the potential for pharmacological manipulation of these LMs as therapeutic approaches for the treatment of critical illness (CI).
THE POST-ACTIVE TREATMENT OF NARCOTIC HABITUÉS.
Authors: J. B. MATTISON
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Very largely among the laity, and, to no small extent, in the profession, an opinion obtains that narcotic inebriety is a cureless disease. My experience, covering a quarter century and compassing the history and treatment of many hundred cases, has convinced me that this opinion is a mistaken one, and in two papers, "The Curability of Opium Addiction,"<i>Journal of Inebriety</i>, 1885, and "The Curability of Narcotic Inebriety,"<i>Cleveland Medical Journal</i>, 1893, cases were cited in proof. Years ago, the opinion was advanced that 30 per cent. of proper cases, properly treated, resulted in permanent recovery. I am no less optimistic now than then, and when the value of a certain post-active régime in the treatment of the disease is fully appreciated, and is insisted on and persisted in as its importance demands, my optimism will assume more generous proportions, and a blot on the scutcheon of professional success along
Suicidal behaviour in gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth
Authors: C. Bagley
Journal: BMJ (2000)

There is now a bitter debate in the United Kingdom over the repeal of Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988, which forbids the promotion of homosexuality. This debate should be enlightened by accumulating research on the development of sexual orientation in adolescence and the mental health consequences of growing up in a climate of homophobic intolerance.1 British research documenting the impact of homophobia has been corroborated by extensive research in the United States, Canada, and New Zealand.2–4 …
Intra-arterial Thiopentone
Authors: J. A. Little
Journal: BMJ (1955)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Heterotopic ossification (HO) is bone formation that occurs after trauma within tissues that do not normally have the property of ossification, resulting in pain and disability. The genetic architecture of HO remains unclear. In the first genome-wide association studies of this disease, we identify the human-only long non-coding RNA-encoding gene <i>CASC20</i> as a robust, replicating susceptibility locus for HO and <i>KIF26B</i> as a potential severity locus. We find that both <i>CASC20</i> and <i>KIF26B</i> are expressed in human bone. Both <i>CASC20</i> and <i>KIF26B</i> expression is upregulated upon BMP2 induced osteogenic differentiation in primary human mesenchymal stem cells, followed by <i>RUNX2</i> and <i>OSTERIX</i> upregulation and mineralised nodule formation. A CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of <i>Kif26b</i> inhibits BMP2-induced <i>Runx2</i>, <i>Sp7/Osterix</i>, <i>Col1A1</i>, <i>Alp</i>, and <i>Bglap</i>/<i>Osteocalcin</i> expression in a murine myocyte model of osteogenic trans-differentiation, and prevents mineralised nodule formation. These studies provide the first insights into the heritable biology of common, complex HO.
Identifying Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia Hospitalizations
Authors: Derek J. Williams, Samir S. Shah, Angela Myers, Matthew Hall, Katherine Auger, Mary Ann Queen, Karen E. Jerardi, Lauren McClain, Catherine Wiggleton, Joel S. Tieder
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the most common indications for pediatric hospitalization in the United States, and it is frequently the focus of research and quality studies. Use of administrative data is increasingly common for these purposes, although proper validation is required to ensure valid study conclusions.To validate administrative billing data for hospitalizations owing to childhood CAP.Case-control study of 4 tertiary care, freestanding children’s hospitals in the United States.A total of 998 medical records of a 25% random sample of 3646 children discharged in 2010 with at least 1 International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code representing possible pneumonia were reviewed. Discharges (matched on date of admission) without a pneumonia-related discharge code were also examined to identify potential missed pneumonia cases. Two reference standards, based on provider diagnosis alone (provider confirmed) or in combination with consistent clinical and radiographic evidence of pneumonia (definite), were used to identify CAP.Twelve ICD-9-CM–based coding strategies, each using a combination of primary or secondary codes representing pneumonia or pneumonia-related complications. Six algorithms excluded children with complex chronic conditions.Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values (NPV and PPV, respectively) of the 12 identification strategies.For provider-confirmed CAP (n = 680), sensitivity ranged from 60.7% to 99.7%; specificity, 75.7% to 96.4%; PPV, 67.9% to 89.6%; and NPV, 82.6% to 99.8%. For definite CAP (n = 547), sensitivity ranged from 65.6% to 99.6%; specificity, 68.7% to 93.0%; PPV, 54.6% to 77.9%; and NPV, 87.8% to 99.8%. Unrestricted use of the pneumonia-related codes was inaccurate, although several strategies improved specificity to more than 90% with a variable effect on sensitivity. Excluding children with complex chronic conditions demonstrated the most favorable performance characteristics. Performance of the algorithms was similar across institutions.Administrative data are valuable for studying pediatric CAP hospitalizations. The strategies presented here will aid in the accurate identification of relevant and comparable patient populations for research and performance improvement studies.
Microcirculation recovery after primary coronary angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with abciximab or intracoronary adenosina
Authors: Anna S. Petronio, Giuseppe Musumeci, Carmela Nardi, Ugo Limbruno, Giovanni Amoroso, Roberto Baglini, Caterina Palagi, Mario Marlani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Senning repair for transposition of the great arteries in the first week of life.
Authors: G P Matherne, J D Razook, W M Thompson, M M Lane, C K Murray, R C Elkins
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Infants with D-loop transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) may have unacceptable results after the balloon septostomy while awaiting surgery. It has been our policy to repair defects in infants with D-TGA and intact ventricular septum or small ventricular septal defect at the time of diagnosis. We report our experience with the Senning operation in 18 newborns less than 1 week of age. The mean age at operation was 3 days (range 12 hr to 7 days) and the mean weight was 3.5 kg (range 2.8 to 4.8). There were two early postoperative deaths (11%) and one late death (5%). Early mortality was associated with preoperative acidosis and congestive heart failure. Late mortality was associated with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). The 15 long-term survivors have been followed for an average of 27 months and 11 of the 16 perioperative survivors have undergone postoperative catheterizations. There was no evidence of systemic or pulmonary venous obstruction. One patient developed LVOTO that led to his death. Two patients had residual atrial shunts. Electrocardiograms revealed no major arrhythmias. All patients are clinically asymptomatic. Good hemodynamic, electrocardiographic, and clinical results can be obtained with correction of D-TGA in the first week of life.
Maladaptive Aortic Properties in Children After Palliation of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Assessed by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Inga Voges, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Jürgen Hedderich, Charlotte Westphal, Christopher Hart, Michael Helle, Jens Scheewe, Eileen Pardun, Hans-Heiner Kramer, Carsten Rickers
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— The status of the reconstructed aorta in hypoplastic left heart syndrome is considered an important determinant of long-term prognosis. Therefore, we assessed the anatomy, elastic properties, and viability of the aorta and right ventricular function in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Methods and Results— Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 40 patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (age, 6.0±2.2 years) and 13 control subjects (age, 6.6±2.2 years). Aortic dimensions and distensibility were calculated at different locations of the aorta using gradient-echo cine imaging at 3.0 T. Additionally, pulse-wave velocity, right ventricular ejection fraction, and aortic late gadolinium enhancement for viability assessment were measured. Compared with control subjects, patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome had increased axial diameters of the aortic root (36.0±5.5 versus 24.1±2.7 mm/m 2 ; P &lt;0.01), ascending aorta (32.0±5.0 versus 21.3±1.5 mm/m 2 ; P &lt;0.01), and transverse aortic arch (22.7±5.2 versus 18.7±2.5 mm/m 2 ; P &lt;0.01). Wall distensibility was reduced in the ascending aorta (4.1±2.4 versus 13.5±7.2 10 −3 mm Hg −1 ; P &lt;0.01) and transverse aortic arch (5.4±3.6 versus 10.3±3.5 10 −3 mm Hg −1 ; P &lt;0.01). Pulse-wave velocity trended higher in patients ( P =0.06). Reduced distensibility in the ascending aorta correlated with the amount of late gadolinium enhancement in a volume that included the aortic root and the ascending aorta ( r =−0.72, P &lt;0.01), and both parameters correlated with decreased right ventricular ejection fraction. Conclusions— Adverse aortic properties post palliation of hypoplastic left heart syndrome manifest themselves by aortic dilatation, decreased distensibility, and increased volume of nonviable aortic wall tissue. The negative association between aortic late gadolinium enhancement and right ventricular ejection fraction suggests unfavorable aortic-ventricular coupling. The potential impact of these findings on long-term right ventricular function should be evaluated in future studies.