tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4618: Oral administration of bitter melon extract prevents initiation of prostate cancer in TRAMP model
Authors: Ratna B. Ray, Peng Ru, Robert Steele, Kikyoko Oshima, Nancy Phillips, Pratibha Nerurkar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Earlier diagnosis increases survival rate in patients. However, treatments for advanced disease are limited to hormone ablation techniques and palliative care. Thus, new methods of treatment and prevention are necessary for inhibiting progression of the disease to a hormone refractory state. For centuries, Ayurveda has recommended the use of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) as a functional food to prevent and treat human health related issues. We have recently discovered an anti-proliferative effect of bitter melon extract (BME) in a number of cancer cell lines, including prostate, without affecting normal cell growth. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with bitter melon extract modulated Bax expression and induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. TRAMP (transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate) male mice display prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) at 10-12 weeks of age. We examined whether oral administration of BME as a dietary compound inhibits or delay the conversion of normal prostate to PIN in these mice. We have observed prevention of PIN in BME-fed mice as compared to untreated control. Further tissues analyses for mechanism of cancer prevention are in progress and the results will be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4618. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4618
PDX1 Deficiency Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Defective Insulin Secretion through TFAM Suppression
Authors: Benoit R. Gauthier, Andreas Wiederkehr, Mathurin Baquié, Chunhua Dai, Alvin C. Powers, Julie Kerr-Conte, François Pattou, Raymond J. MacDonald, Jorge Ferrer, Claes B. Wollheim
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2009)
Binding of Aspergillus fumigatus spores to lung epithelial cells and basement membrane proteins: relevance to the asthmatic lung.
Authors: I. M. Bromley, K. Donaldson
Journal: Thorax (1996)

BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogen to which asthmatic subjects are particularly susceptible. The ability of spores of A fumigatus to bind to pulmonary cells and basement membrane proteins was investigated to determine the mechanisms involved in this susceptibility. METHODS: Cells of the A549 pulmonary epithelial cell line or purified basement membrane proteins were immobilised on the wells of microtitre plates. They were then exposed to spores of A fumigatus in suspension, with or without various pretreatments of the spores, cells, and proteins. Adherent spores were counted by light microscopy. RESULTS: Spores of A fumigatus bound in a concentration dependent manner to A549 epithelial cells and pretreatment of cells with interferon gamma (2500 units/ml) caused a significant doubling of spore binding. Binding of spores to A549 cells was inhibited by about a third by pre-incubation of the spores with fibrinogen (100 micrograms/ml). Spores bound specifically to extracellular matrix (ECM) components laid down by A549 cells, and pretreatment of the ECM components with hydrogen peroxide (25-80 microM) enhanced spore binding by approximately one third. They also bound specifically and in a saturable manner to purified fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin, type I collagen, and type IV collagen. Pre-incubation of spores with Arg-Gly-Asp tripeptide (RGD; 50-200 micrograms/ ml) inhibited binding to fibronectin and type I collagen by 50%. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the presence of activated epithelial cells and the exposure of basement membrane that occurs in asthma, together with oxidant stress, may facilitate the colonisation of the asthmatic lung by A fumigatus. The RGD sequence may be involved in spore binding to some ECM proteins. Free fibrinogen may protect against binding of A fumigatus spores to the pulmonary epithelium.
Corrosion of Orthopaedic Implants
Authors: J. T. Scales, G. D. Winter, H. T. Shirley
Journal: BMJ (1961)

1. A total of 564 metal components from 109 patients have been examined.  2. Corrosion was detected on 228 components.  3. Most implants were removed for reasons other than corrosion.  4. In at least twelve cases corrosion was the reason for removal of the implant.  5. No corrosion of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum implants has been detected by the methods described in this paper.  6. Corrosion of ferrous alloy implants occurs in the human body.  7. The most common site for corrosion is the junction between components of implants.  8. The most corrosion-resistant type of ferrous alloy for implant uses is 18/8/Mo steel, which falls within specification En58.J of the British Standards Institute, and specification 316/317 of the American Iron and Steel Institute.  9. About 13 per cent of components removed (and by no means only when something was amiss) showed face corrosion when all the components of the implant were made of 18/8/Mo steel.  10. Four per cent of 18/8/Mo components of implants showed corrosion at sites other than the interface between components.  11. On the basis of corrosion resistance it is preferable to use cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys for implants that are to be left in the body for an indefinite period.  12. The corrosion resistance of the high alloy steels examined (18/8, 18/8/Ti, 18/8/Mo) does not appear to be related to hardness.  13. The marking of components, either by punching or by electrolytic methods, has not predisposed to corrosion.  14. All hollow 18/8/Mo implants should have a clean and metallurgically satisfactory internal surface.  15. The figures in this report do not permit a full statistical survey of corrosion in surgical implants because it has not been possible to examine a satisfactorily random sample. Many patients cannot be followed up and others die with the implant still in the body.
A 40-Year-Old Woman With Diabetes Contemplating Pregnancy After Gastric Bypass Surgery
Authors: Donald R. Coustan
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Mrs T is a 40-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes and chronic hypertension who has had a gastric bypass procedure and is planning to conceive. She would like to know whether she can continue using metformin during the pregnancy and also is concerned about the effect of the gastric bypass surgery. This article discusses the management of diabetes prior to and during pregnancy, including appropriate preconception evaluation and the use of insulin and oral antidiabetic agents. The implications of gastric bypass surgery for pregnancy are also outlined. Important aspects include the need to optimize metabolic control prior to conception, to evaluate and treat vascular complications of diabetes prior to conception, and to provide the services of a health care team to gravid women with diabetes. Gastric bypass surgery with subsequent weight loss is likely to ameliorate type 2 diabetes, and special attention must be paid to nutrition when women who have undergone such procedures become pregnant.
Magnification imaging in inflammatory bowel disease: a useful aid for the prediction of disease relapse?
Authors: R. Bisschops, P. Rutgeerts
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Predicting the evolution and outcome of inflammatory bowel disease presents us with a challenging problem, and its solution could potentially have a great impact on our therapeutic strategy in this condition. Disease flares seem to occur randomly. It would be greatly beneficial to patients if physicians could predict a relapse and could treat patients selectively according to their risk of relapse. Unfortunately, no gold standard test exists to predict relapse in ulcerative colitis or in inflammatory bowel disease in general.
Professional negligence: a duty of candid disclosure?
Authors: J. H Ritchie, S. C Davies
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Lawyers, whether barristers or solicitors, owe their clients a duty to disclose any conflict of interest that has arisen and to inform their clients that they should thereafter go to another lawyer for advice and help. In legal terms, a conflict of interest arises between a lawyer and client when their interests are no longer the same. There are many ways in which this may arise in practice—for example, if a lawyer has conducted a client's case negligently. Lawyers are in breach of their professional code of conduct if they fail to comply with these duties. Understandably none of us like to find ourselves in such a position; but no client should suffer from a lawyer's mistakes or ineptitude. We all, however, make mistakes. No sensible lawyer thinks that it can never happen to him or her.

Why should the same rule not apply to doctors? Why should it not be part of doctors' ethical code to inform their patients if they have been negligent in their care …
Angina Symptoms Are Associated With Mortality in Older Women With Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Janneke Berecki-Gisolf, Lindy Humphreyes-Reid, Andrew Wilson, Annette Dobson
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Angina symptoms have been reported to predict mortality in men. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between angina symptoms and mortality in women.In 2004, 873 older participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health with self-reported ischemic heart disease participated in a nested substudy. Women were 77 to 83 years of age; 165 (19%) died during the 4.5-year follow-up. Angina symptoms were established with Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores for physical limitation, angina frequency, angina stability, and disease perception. Proportional hazards modeling was used to examine the relationship of SAQ score differences with mortality. Physical limitation scores were associated with mortality, with hazard ratios of 1.1, 1.9, and 3.4 for mild, moderate, and severe versus minimal limitations, respectively (P<0.001). Angina frequency scores were also associated with death, with hazard ratios of 1.2, 1.2, and 4.8 for mild, moderate, and severe versus minimal angina frequency, respectively (P<0.001). Age (hazard ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 1.0 to 1.2), pulmonary disease (hazard ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.3), and kidney disease (hazard ratio 1.7, 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 2.5) were statistically significantly associated with mortality in a multivariable model of clinical predictors. In a combined model with SAQ scores and clinical predictors, SAQ scores for physical limitation and angina stability remained statistically significantly associated with mortality.In older women with ischemic heart disease, angina symptoms assessed by use of SAQ scores for physical limitations and angina frequency were associated with mortality; SAQ scores may therefore prove to be a useful tool for risk assessment in this patient group.
Consumed in the city Observing tuberculosis at century‘s end
Authors: James E. Gomez, John D. McKinney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Note: Review of the book Consumed in the city Observing tuberculosis at century‘s end / Paul Draus / 2004 / Temple University Press / 304 pp / ISBN: 1-59213-248-0 (hardcover) Reference EPFL-REVIEW-153345doi:10.1172/JCI24576 Record created on 2010-10-19, modified on 2017-05-12
Serum gastrin in duodenal ulcer: Part IV Effect of selective gastric vagotomy
Authors: M. G. Korman, J. Hansky, G. A. E. Coupland, V. H. Cumberland
Journal: Gut (1972)

Serum gastrin has been measured in 30 patients following selective gastric vagotomy. Basal serum gastrin was 52+/-5.7 pg/ml which was significantly lower than the corresponding level in 50 patients following truncal vagotomy (84+/-7.9 pg/ml). After a standard protein meal serum gastrin rose to 136+/-8.3 pg/ml at 60 minutes after the meal. The peak rise above basal levels was significantly lower than that achieved in patients who had undergone truncal vagotomy. These results complement our previous hypothesis that section of extragastric vagal fibres permits the release of additional gastrin above that expected with the diminution of acid secretion, and hence the decrease in inhibition of gastrin release from the antrum.
Trends in bile acid research
Authors: T. S Low-Beer
Journal: Gut (1990)

cirrhosis, and the role of copper in the liver.This book is one of a series aimed at updating paediatricians in rapidly advancing areas, and this it does admirably.The book is well laid out, with short chapters and many sub-headings which makes it very easy to find one's way around.Dr Tanner's great strength lies in his clear understanding and explanation of the many biochemical disorders that are central to childhood liver
Amiodarone and the Lung
Authors: JOSE ANTOLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1983Amiodarone and the LungJOSE ANTOLIN, M.D., PEDRO CABRERA, M.D., MARIA J. AMERIGO, M.D., PEDRO GORDO, M.D.JOSE ANTOLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PEDRO CABRERA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MARIA J. AMERIGO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PEDRO GORDO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-2-278_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Marchlinski and associates (1) have recently reported pneumonitis in four patients after treatment with amiodarone and, on the basis of their ultrastructural findings, have questioned the role of steroids in treating this pulmonary toxicity.We have recently cared for two patients who developed interstitial pneumonitis associated with amiodarone therapy. Their clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic manifestations disappeared after only cessation of use of the drug and without steroid therapy. We have reviewed the literature and we have not found a similar case; all reported patients were given steroids. In our case the maintenance dose of the drug was...References1. MARCHLINSKI F, GANSLER T, WAXMAN H, and JOSEPHSON M. Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:839-45. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ROTMENSCH H, LIRON M, TUPILSKI M, and LANIADOS . Possible association of pneumonitis with amiodarone therapy [Letter]. Am Heart J. 1980;100:412-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RILEY S, WILLIAM S, and COOKE M. Alveolitis after treatment with amiodarone. Br Med J. 1982;284:161-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SOBOL S and RAKITA L. Pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis associated with amiodarone treatment: a possible complication of a new antiarrhythmic drug. Circulation. 1982;65:814-24. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. HEGER J, PRYSTOWSKY E, and JACKMAN W. Amiodarone: clinical efficacy and electrophysiology during long-term therapy for recurrent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:539-45. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSE ANTOLIN, M.D.; PEDRO CABRERA, M.D.; MARIA J. AMERIGO, M.D.; PEDRO GORDO, M.D.Affiliations: Residencia Sanitaria de la Seguridad Social University of La Laguna Las Palmas, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLife-threatening postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with previous amiodarone pulmonary toxicity undergoing cardiothoracic operationsPulmonary Toxicity of Amiodarone 1 August 1983Volume 99, Issue 2Page: 278-278KeywordsDrug therapyDrugsInterstitial lung diseasesLungsPatientsPneumonitisRespiratory system proceduresSteroid therapySteroidsToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
High Science, Present and Future
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

In a brief report in this issue, Sutton and his colleagues give us the results of further physiologic research done on the windswept high plateau of one of the largest mountain massifs in the world, Mount Logan (6050 m, 19,849 feet) in the Canadian Yukon.During sleep at sea level, ventilation decreases, and while arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen tension (PaO2) fall, oxygen saturation scarcely changes. At the altitude of the Logan plateau (5360 m, 17,585 feet), the mean waking PaO2 is about 42 torr (5.6 kPa). These workers found that during sleep, as . . .
Dominant β-catenin mutations cause intellectual disability with recognizable syndromic features
Authors: Valter Tucci, Tjitske Kleefstra, Andrea Hardy, Ines Heise, Silvia Maggi, Marjolein H. Willemsen, Helen Hilton, Chris Esapa, Michelle Simon, Maria-Teresa Buenavista, Liam J. McGuffin, Lucie Vizor, Luca Dodero, Sotirios Tsaftaris, Rosario Romero, Willy N. Nillesen, Lisenka E.L.M. Vissers, Marlies J. Kempers, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Zafar Iqbal, Marta Orlando, Alessandro Maccione, Glenda Lassi, Pasqualina Farisello, Andrea Contestabile, Federico Tinarelli, Thierry Nieus, Andrea Raimondi, Barbara Greco, Daniela Cantatore, Laura Gasparini, Luca Berdondini, Angelo Bifone, Alessandro Gozzi, Sara Wells, Patrick M. Nolan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

The recent identification of multiple dominant mutations in the gene encoding β-catenin in both humans and mice has enabled exploration of the molecular and cellular basis of β-catenin function in cognitive impairment. In humans, β-catenin mutations that cause a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders have been identified. We identified de novo β-catenin mutations in patients with intellectual disability, carefully characterized their phenotypes, and were able to define a recognizable intellectual disability syndrome. In parallel, characterization of a chemically mutagenized mouse line that displays features similar to those of human patients with β-catenin mutations enabled us to investigate the consequences of β-catenin dysfunction through development and into adulthood. The mouse mutant, designated batface (Bfc), carries a Thr653Lys substitution in the C-terminal armadillo repeat of β-catenin and displayed a reduced affinity for membrane-associated cadherins. In association with this decreased cadherin interaction, we found that the mutation results in decreased intrahemispheric connections, with deficits in dendritic branching, long-term potentiation, and cognitive function. Our study provides in vivo evidence that dominant mutations in β-catenin underlie losses in its adhesion-related functions, which leads to severe consequences, including intellectual disability, childhood hypotonia, progressive spasticity of lower limbs, and abnormal craniofacial features in adults.
Glucagon effect on intracellular proteolysis and pericanalicular location of hepatocyte lysosomes in isolated perfused guinea pig livers
Authors: Romana Lenzen, Peter Stark, Viktoria Kolb-Bachofen, Georg Strohmeyer
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

In guinea pigs, glucagon choleresis is accompanied by a significant, but transient, stimulation of biliary protein secretion, which can be accounted for mainly by biliary discharge of lysosomal enzymes. To clarify whether intracellular proteolysis--a process regulated by glucagon and taking place predominantly in the lysosomes--may interact with biliary protein secretion, we determined hepatic proteolytic activity and bile secretory function during substrate deprivation, amino acid supplementation, and glucagon administration in isolated perfused guinea pig livers. To further elucidate the nature of transient lysosomal enzyme release into bile during glucagon infusion, we analyzed pericanalicular distribution of lysosomes by quantitative electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that intracellular proteolysis is accompanied by biliary excretion of lysosomal enzymes. Glucagon-induced secretion of these enzymes as well as labeled proteins into bile occurs independent of protein breakdown and cannot be modulated by addition of amino acids as potent inhibitors of intracellular proteolysis. During glucagon administration, bile canalicular area and pericanalicular distribution of secondary lysosomes show a rapid increase, which persists during the entire infusion period and thus does not explain the transient biliary release of lysosomal enzymes. We therefore postulate that regulation of this process must be located beyond the lysosomal compartment, either involving transport processes or intracellular kinetics of lysosome formation or altered fusion kinetics at the bile canalicular membrane compartment. Metabolic and biliary effects of glucagon seem to occur independent of each other and to underly different regulatory mechanisms.
Nanograms to Megatons
Authors: George M. Solan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was taken aback when I read in the September issue of<i>Drug Therapy</i>(vol 4, No. 9, p 29, 1974) that one of our first-line defenses these days against an overwhelming infection might be the intravenous administration of a drug that had its origins in the sewers of Sardinia. This, of course, is the class of seven antibiotics called the cephalosporins. That such a product of the lowest denizens of the slimy wastes should gain privy to the sacrosanct fluids of<i>Homo sapiens</i>through the minstrations of the physician may be symbolic of something. One is reminded that nature's grand scheme includes a fundamental system of intricate brakes on the otherwise unharnessed surges and thrusts of its organisms. In their natural habitat, the antibiotic molds probably function, in part, to restrain the dominance of other living things whose unchecked overpopulation would spell disaster to higher forms of
Hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis A virus immune response after vaccination is influenced by a functional polymorphism in the interleukin-10 promoter region
Authors: E. Reuss, N. Evers, E. Dietrich, J. Vollmar, P.M. Schneider, C. Rittner, C. Freitag, R. Fimmers, T. Hoehler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
The endothelin-1 receptor antagonist BQ-123 reduces infarct size in a canine model of coronary occlusion and reperfusion
Authors: G. J Grover, S. Dzwonczyk, C. S Parham
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The aim was to determine the effect of the endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, BQ-123, on infarct size in anaesthetised dogs subjected to 90 min of left circumflex coronary artery occlusion and 5 h of reperfusion. Methods: BQ-123 was given directly into the left circumflex coronary artery at 0.03 or 10 μg·kg−1·min−1 starting 15 min before coronary occlusion and continuing throughout occlusion and reperfusion. Regional myocardial blood flow was determined before, during, and after ischaemia. At the end of the study, infarct size was determined using triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Results: Myocardial infarct size was significantly reduced by BQ-123 (40% reduction from vehicle infarct size) at both doses used. This cardioprotection occurred despite a lack of effect of BQ-123 on peripheral haemodynamic status. BQ-123 also had no effect on regional myocardial blood flow in ischaemic and non-ischaemic tissue. Both cardioprotective doses of BQ-123 were found to completely abolish the coronary constrictor effect of intracoronary endothelin-1 administration. Conclusions: These data indicate that endothelin-1 release during ischaemia may be involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia and infarction. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:1613-1618
1206 ABT-072 OR ABT-333 COMBINED WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN AFTER 3-DAY MONOTHERAPY IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 (GT1)-INFECTED TREATMENT-NAIVE SUBJECTS: 12-WEEK SUSTAINED VIROLOGIC RESPONSE (SVR12) AND SAFETY RESULTS
Authors: F. Poordad, E. Lawitz, E. DeJesus, K.V. Kowdley, I. Gaultier, D.E. Cohen, W. Xie, L. Larsen, T. Pilot-Matias, G. Koev, D. Dumas, T. Podsadecki, B. Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)