tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
S149 Characterisation of T cell populations in the lung
Authors: R. Spruce, G. Rankin, J. Ward, S. J. Wilson, C. Pickard, J. A. Warner
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterised by increased numbers of neutrophils, macrophages and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells. However, recent evidence suggests that both CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells can influence the pathogenesis of the disease. We aim to characterise the T cell subsets from both airway and parenchyma. <h3>Method</h3> Macroscopically normal lung parenchyma and bronchial airway tissue was obtained from 10 patients (average age=65.3±4.5 years, FEV1/FVC=0.57±0.04) undergoing lung resection for carcinoma and dissected into explants. Tissue explants were acetone fixed, embedded in GMA and sections immunostained for CD3, CD4, CD8 and for mast cells (AA1) as a positive control. Positive cells were counted and numbers corrected for tissue area. To examine T cell migration, explants from the same patients were incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Cells that moved out of the explants into the supernatant were recovered, stained for T cell markers (CD3-FITC, CD8-APC) and analysed via flow cytometry. <h3>Results</h3> We found very few T cells in lung parenchyma (CD3<sup>+</sup> cells=1.1±0.3/mm<sup>2</sup>) though there were substantial numbers of mast cells (65.6±13.9/mm<sup>2</sup>). There were twice as many CD4<sup>+</sup> cells compared to CD8<sup>+</sup> cells. In contrast, the airway had more T cells present (CD3<sup>+</sup>=2.8±1.1/mm<sup>2</sup>) and again CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells predominated. We also used flow cytometry to characterise the CD4:CD8 ratio in T cells that migrated out of the explants. Parenchymal supernatants contained substantial numbers of T cells with significantly more CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells than CD8<sup>+</sup> (CD4=28.5±4.1%, CD8=20.4±2.3%, p&lt;0.05). However in the airway, the ratio of CD4:CD8 cells was closer to 1:1 (CD4<sup>+</sup>=26.5±7.4%, CD8<sup>+</sup>=23.2±6.7%). Preliminary evidence suggests that the presence of mild/moderate airways obstruction does not affect the total number of T cells in either the parenchyma or the airway or the CD4:CD8 ratio in either compartment. There is also no evidence that the patient9s smoking status affects T cell number or distribution. <h3>Conclusion</h3> More CD3<sup>+</sup> cells are seen in the bronchial tissue than in the parenchyma and the majority of these are CD4<sup>+</sup>. CD3<sup>+</sup> cells also migrate spontaneously out of the explants in both compartments and account for the majority of cells recovered in the supernatant.
Chills and Fever Due to Procaine Amide Hydrochloride Therapy
Authors: John J. McGarry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE value of procaine amide hydrochloride in the treatment of various cardiac arrhythmias, particularly those of ventricular origin, has been well established. Attention has been called to certain undesirable side effects of the drug, including occasional hypotension after its intravenous administration and nausea, vomiting, mental confusion and profuse sweating attending its oral use.1 2 3 Recently, Leibowitz4 and Bakos and Askey5 have described striking febrile reactions in patients given procaine amide orally. It is the purpose of the present report to describe another case of drug fever due to procaine amide hydrochloride.Case ReportH. B. a 57-year-old man, was admitted to . . .
Results from Electronic Determination of Cell Size-distribution Pattern in Cervical Washings
Authors: S. Iversen, W. J. Gordon, M. A. C. Cowell, E. R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Material and MethodsThe cervical washings were obtained by aspirating 7 ml. of a 0.3 M autoclaved solution of sodium salt of isethionic acid into a 10-ml.syringe, furnished with a 4-in. (10-cm.)No. 16 needle.The end of this was placed approximately 1 in.(2.
Nitrous Oxide Analgesia
Authors: Richard N. Hindin
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Thal et al (242:2418, 1979) on the use of an oxygen-nitrous oxide mixture to provide analgesia for patients during emergency transport on mobile intensive care units is interesting but raises some concerns. One consideration is the exposure of mobile unit personnel to the exhaled nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O). It is likely that high levels of N<sub>2</sub>O may accumulate within the confined space of a mobile unit. Long-term exposure of transport personnel may affect their performance<sup>1</sup>as well as longterm safety. If N<sub>2</sub>O use continues, proper scavenging should be imple mented. In addition, although the side effects and contraindications to using N<sub>2</sub>O were noted, it should be reemphasized that this is not a benign drug. In critically ill patients, it may obtund reflexes. Furthermore, N<sub>2</sub>O may affect the cardiovascular system by reducing cardiac output and increasing
Memoir of a Surgical Nutritionist
Authors: Jonathan E. Rhoads
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To begin to describe my introduction to medicine, I would like to resurrect some childhood memories. My earliest distinct memory was of being taken at the age of 4 years into my father's medical office, which was in our home, and being weighed. I weighed 44 pounds—a number I can perhaps record as my earliest piece of nutritional research. It certainly was not original, but at least it was quantitative.  When I was 11 years of age, an older sister who was studying chemistry was retained by my father to run urinalyses. I was in the office watching her when she added Fehling's solution to a urine specimen that, when boiled, brought down a heavy precipitate. My father came in, examined the results, and looked extremely grave; I was told this meant the patient had diabetes mellitus and probably would not live 2 years. This was in 1918 before the
Netherlands postpones smoking ban in restaurants and theatres
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Plans to ban smoking in Dutch restaurants and cafes have been postponed indefinitely, after health minister Hans Hoogervorst agreed to let the hotel and catering industry draw up its own plans to protect employees from cigarette smoke. Theatres, concert halls, and pop music venues are also indefinitely exempted.

The move marks a shift from the tough antismoking policy of former health minister Els Borst. She backed the changes in the tobacco law …
On Bioinformatic Resources
Authors: Runsheng Chen
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

As HGP is prepared to scale up its sequencing operations about 5 years into the Project, a new discipline -bioinformatics -became inevitable.It emerged originally for processing and sharing genome sequences and was thus known as genome informatics.In the first five-year plan of HGP, it was pointed out that genome informatics is a scientific discipline that encompasses all aspects of genome information acquisition, processing, storage, distribution, analysis, and interpretation [4].This insightful statement was footnoted by the launch of GenBank at NCBI in 1992, a database of nucleotide sequences, in collaboration with its international partners at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ).Now, some 20 years have passed, not only GenBank still prospers but other databases on human genomics and biology have emerged to fill up all data landscapes [5].Genomics together with many other research fields of life sciences had entered the Era of Large-scale Data Acquisition in the early 90's.The Era was led by the fast accumulation
The Evaluation of Physical Ability
Authors: Bert Hanman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE purpose of this paper is to suggest ways by which the practicing physician may improve the medical evaluation of physical ability. With this objective in mind the basic question becomes: How can a specified person use his particular combination of physical abilities to best advantage without causing undue harm to himself or others?This question in some form has long been the daily concern of the physician in advising his patients how to live and work with their physical shortcomings. Yet many of the answers given to this question are often extremely vague, such as "Take it easy," "No . . .
Fruits of Labor
Authors: Gabriel F. Greco
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Your editorials on medical history have transported the modern physician into proper orbit, in relation to his past, present, and future, and opened before his eyes the visions of ancient lands. Like the ebb and tide, civilizations rose and fell, leaving their marks. Upon these foundations have risen the citadels of science. Your editorials have erected a golden bridge, spanning the river of centuries across antiquity unto uncharted roads, through the darkness of primordial forests where tiny flames pierce the night until they blaze into torches that lit Egypt, Alexandria, Greece, Rome, and then again through the darkness unto the blinding bonfires of the rebels, the renaissance, through the centuries into the modern era of atoms and rockets. Your editorials will rekindle the sacred fires on the altars of Minerva Medica, and arouse a new interest in Her royal court, and in the noble deeds of Her
Judge allows boy to have bone marrow transplant against father's wishes
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A High Court judge has given permission for a 3 year old boy to receive a bone marrow transplant against the wishes of his father.

The father initially consented to the procedure at a leading English children’s hospital but withdrew his agreement at the last moment, insisting that the boy, who was called AA in court, be flown back to the unnamed Middle Eastern country where the family lives.

The NHS trust caring for the child, who has spent the past two years at the hospital, had him made a ward …
Therapy for Fracture Prevention
Authors: Michael R. McClung
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cutaneous Allergy to Human (Recombinant DNA) Insulin
Authors: Leslie C. Grammer, Boyd E. Metzger, Roy Patterson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

p6 report two cases of cutaneous allergy to human (recombinant DNA) insulin. Each patient had a history of systemic allergic reactions to porcine insulin and was at least as reactive to human as to porcine insulin by end-point cutaneous titration. Both patients' insulin allergy was managed with animal insulins and both have done well. Our experience with these two patients indicates that human insulin (rDNA) should not be expected to be efficacious in all patients with systemic allergy to insulin.
High density lipoprotein2. Relationship of the plasma levels of this lipoprotein species to its composition, to the magnitude of postprandial lipemia, and to the activities of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase.
Authors: J R Patsch, S Prasad, A M Gotto, W Patsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in postheparin plasma of 38 normolipidemic volunteers was related to the magnitude of postprandial lipemia after a fat meal, to triglyceride content of high density lipoprotein2 (HDL2), to hepatic lipase (HL) activity, and to HDL2 levels. LPL activity correlated indirectly with lipemia, triglyceride content of HDL2, HL activity, and levels of HDL2 but not of HDL3. HL activity correlated directly with lipemia and indirectly with HDL2 levels. Triglyceride content of HDL2 correlated directly with lipemia and indirectly with HDL2 levels. In HDL2, abundance of apolipoprotein (apo) A-II and the apoA-I/apoA-II ratio varied widely. The latter correlated positively with LPL activity and HDL2 levels, and, inversely, with HL activity, lipemia, and triglyceride content of HDL2. The study suggests that HDL-cholesterol is not an independent parameter of lipid transport, but is strongly affected by triglyceride metabolism through lipolytic enzymes, as exemplified by postprandial lipemia that affect both composition and plasma levels of HDL2.
Methandrostenolone Therapy in Children with Growth Retardation
Authors: Delbert A. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE RECENT AVAILABILITY of several synthetic anabolic agents with reported relative decrease of androgenic effect has aroused interest in the possible usefulness of these compounds as growth stimulants in children with short stature. Several reports of investigations of such drugs for this purpose have appeared during the last 2 years.<sup>1-4</sup>These have included trials of fluoxymesterone,<sup>1, 2</sup>nandrolone phenpropionate,<sup>3</sup>and methandrostenolone.<sup>3,4</sup>Only in the report of Reilly and Gordan<sup>1</sup>has there been described a relatively greater gain in stature than in skeletal maturation. The present communication presents data from study of an additional 14 children with growth retardation treated for varying periods with methandrostenolone. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> The children in the present study ranged in age from 2 years 3 months to 13 years. There were six females, seven males, and one patient with gonadal dysgenesis. All were prepuberal and were under care of one
Lessons From an Optical Illusion: On Nature and Nurture
Authors: Greg Kane
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In an experiment designed to discover mankind's natural language, 13th-century German monarch Frederick II ordered foster mothers to raise and care for children but never to speak in their presence. Frederick thought the children would spontaneously speak Hebrew (believed to be the oldest language), Greek, Latin, or the language of their biological parents. The children died. Frederick couldn't identify humanity's basic language, but, perhaps founding the tradition that no research goes so wrong that a clever investigator can't write up one or two discoveries, Frederick concluded that a mother's loving words are needed for human survival. In the millennia-old nature or nurture debate over the origins of human knowledge and human nature (see how deeply the question is buried in our language), Frederick came down on the side of nature, believing that we each speak our particular language because that language is a fundamental part of our makeup. In our
Maternal and perinatal outcome in severe pregnancy-related liver disease
Authors: S P Pereira, J O'Donohue, J Wendon, R Williams
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) and the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet count (HELLP) are rare but major disorders of the third trimester of pregnancy. Over a 10-year period, 46 women (median age, 30 years; range, 17-41 years) developed hepatic dysfunction severe enough to require transfer to our Liver Failure Unit. Three quarters of the women were nulliparous, and 5 had twin pregnancies; the median gestational age was 35 weeks (range, 24-40 weeks). At admission, 32 patients (70%) were preeclamptic and 21 (46%) were encephalopathic and/or ventilated. Thirty-two patients (70%) had clinical features and laboratory values consistent with AFLP, and 7 (15%) had HELLP syndrome. One patient had preeclamptic liver rupture requiring liver transplantation. In 6 other patients, causes of severe liver dysfunction unrelated to pregnancy were found. Infectious complications occurred in 17 of the patients with AFLP (53%) and in 2 of those with HELLP syndrome (29%). Major intra-abdominal bleeding occurred in 12 women (10 with AFLP), 9 of whom required laparotomies for clot evacuation. Four patients with AFLP (12.5%) had a fatal outcome, with a corresponding perinatal mortality rate of 9%. There were no maternal or perinatal deaths associated with HELLP syndrome. In contrast to results of many previous studies, the results of this large series suggest a relatively favorable maternal and perinatal outcome in severe AFLP and HELLP syndrome. Further improvements in outcome are likely to be achieved through the prevention of the bleeding and infectious complications associated with these disorders.
Clinical Impact of Capsule Endoscopy Compared to Push Enteroscopy: 1-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: J. C. Saurin, M. Delvaux, K. Vahedi, J. L. Gaudin, J. Villarejo, C. Florent, G. Gay, T. Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The long-term outcome for patients with obscure bleeding after capsule endoscopy (CE) is still unclear. In this study, the clinical outcome was used as the gold standard to determine the sensitivity and specificity of CE and push enteroscopy (PE) in the diagnosis of small-bowel lesions in patients with obscure bleeding.Fifty-eight patients from a previous prospective study (comparing PE and CE) were included; the patients were contacted after 1 year. The final diagnosis, bleeding status, new gastrointestinal examinations, and treatments performed were recorded. On the basis of these data, each case was classified into true/false positive or true/false negative findings at PE and CE. The results were compared with the initial classification of lesions observed at CE: highly relevant (P2) and less relevant (P0, P1) lesions.Follow-up data were available for 56 patients. According to the defined true/false positive and negative cases, the sensitivity and specificity values for CE and PE were 92 % and 48 %, and 80 % and 69 %, respectively ( P < 0.01 for the difference between CE and PE). Highly relevant (P2) lesions observed at CE were more frequently classified into true-positive cases (15 of 18 versus seven of 22; P < 0.01) and led more frequently to therapeutic decisions (11 of 18 versus five of 22; P = 0.02) in comparison with less relevant lesions (P0, P1).CE is a highly sensitive examination for the detection of small-bowel lesions in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, with a specificity lower than that of PE when the clinical outcome is used as the gold standard.
Markers for Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
Authors: M. HOYOS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1986Markers for Non-A, Non-B HepatitisM. HOYOS, J. B. SARRIÓN, T. PÉREZ-CASTELLANOS, M. L. MARTY, J. BERENGUERM. HOYOSSearch for more papers by this author, J. B. SARRIÓNSearch for more papers by this author, T. PÉREZ-CASTELLANOSSearch for more papers by this author, M. L. MARTYSearch for more papers by this author, J. BERENGUERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-3-467_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their recent article on transfusion-associated hepatitis, Koziol and coworkers (1) suggest the adoption of the test for antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) as a surrogate test for detection of the non-A, non-B virus carrier state.In a prospective study we evaluated the incidence of transfusion-associated hepatitis in 112 consecutive patients having open-heart surgery who received 1254 blood units (negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and normal aminotransferase levels) obtained from volunteer donors. Hepatitis was diagnosed when aminotransferase levels exceeded 2.5 times the upper limit of normal in two consecutive samples obtained 15 days...Reference1. KOZIOL D, HOLLAND P, and ALLING D. Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen as a paradoxical marker for non-A, non-B hepatitis agents in donated blood. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:488-95. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. HOYOS; J. B. SARRIÓN; T. PÉREZ-CASTELLANOS; M. L. MARTY; J. BERENGUERAffiliations: Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIs screening of blood donors for anti-HBc useful?Marqueurs des hépatites virales B et D et taux des alanine aminotransférasesChronic Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis with Special Reference to the Transfusion-Associated FormRationale for Surrogate Testing to Detect Non-A, Non-B HepatitisAn enzyme-immunoassay for antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen: characteristics and clinical validation 1 September 1986Volume 105, Issue 3Page: 467-467KeywordsAminotransferasesAntigensBlood banksHepatitisHepatitis AHepatitis A virusHepatitis BHepatitis B surface antigenProspective studiesSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Effects of Cortisone on the Course of Acute Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Charles H. Burnett, Monte A. Greer, Belton A. Burrows, John H. Sisson, Arnold S. Relman, Louis A. Weinstein, Charles G. Colburn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE report of the beneficial influence of Cortisone on the course of acute rheumatic fever1 prompted the trial of this hormone in the treatment of acute glomerulonephritis. This paper describes complete clinical and laboratory findings in a patient with acute glomerulonephritis who received 200 mg. of Cortisone daily for twelve days. Although renal function transiently improved, a definitely beneficial effect on the course of the disease was not demonstrated.MethodsMost of the procedures are described in another report.2 , 3 Additional methods included quantitative estimation of formed elements and of protein in the urine4; and serum and urine complement (alexin). . . .