tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Wwox and Ap2γ Expression Levels Predict Tamoxifen Response
Authors: Gulnur Guler, Dimitrios Iliopoulos, Nilufer Guler, Cigdem Himmetoglu, Mutlu Hayran, Kay Huebner
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Assessment of expression levels of Wwox, Wwox-interacting proteins Ap2α, Ap2γ, and ErbB4, the Ap2γ transcriptional target protein Her2, and the possible Ap2α transcriptional target PrkaRIα, in breast cancers, to determine their roles in tamoxifen resistance. The hypothesis was that sequestration of Wwox interactors in the cytoplasm might control tamoxifen response. Experimental Design: Tissue sections from 51 tamoxifen-sensitive and 38 tamoxifen-resistant, estrogen receptor α–positive breast cancers were stained for the above proteins, as well as progesterone receptor (PR). The relation of tamoxifen resistance and other clinical features, with level of expression of these proteins, and pairwise correlations among various immunohistochemical markers were determined. Results: Menopausal status, tumor, node, and stage, loss of PR, lost or reduced expression of Wwox, and high level of expression of PrkaRIα, Ap2γ, and Her2 were significantly correlated with tamoxifen resistance. In multivariate analysis, Wwox, PrkaRIα, Ap2γ, and ErbB4 were found to be independent markers of tamoxifen resistance. Reduced Wwox expression was better than PR in prediction of resistance, especially in high-risk patients, and nuclear Ap2γ expression was better than Her2, especially in low-risk patients. Conclusion: The results illustrate the complex relationships among the marker proteins assessed in this in vivo study and suggest new markers for prediction of response to tamoxifen treatment as well as possible new targets for treatment of breast cancer. Wwox and Ap2γ emerge as new biomarkers that may be superior to PR and Her2 in predicting tamoxifen response.
Evolutionary perspectives on psychoses and autism: Does genomic imprinting contribute to phenomenological antithesis?
Authors: Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Crespi &amp; Badcock (C&amp;B) have presented a novel view that the influence of genomic imprinting causes diametrically opposite disorders: namely, psychoses and autism. I propose an extended hypothesis that while genomic imprinting is likely to have an influence on the pathogenesis of psychoses and autism, it might contribute to phenomenological antithesis between as well as within these disorders.
FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise
Authors: Joo Young Huh, Grigorios Panagiotou, Vassilis Mougios, Mary Brinkoetter, Maria T. Vamvini, Benjamin E. Schneider, Christos S. Mantzoros
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
Pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Evidence of oxidant activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Authors: C G Cochrane, R Spragg, S D Revak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Evidence is presented indicating that oxidants are generated in lungs of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The evidence was derived from observations that alpha-1-PI, recovered in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, had been inactivated by oxidation, presumably oxidation of the methionyl residue in the reaction site of the molecule. This was indicated by findings that activity of the alpha-1-PI could be restored by exposure to the reducing agent, dithiothreitol in the presence of methionyl sulfoxide peptide reductase. The amount of activity restored was proportional to the amount of inactive alpha-1-PI present at 52,000 D. Oxidation of the 52,000-D alpha-1-PI was also revealed by the finding that the inactive molecule was subject to proteolytic cleavage to 47,000 D when exposed to porcine pancreatic elastase, a characteristic of alpha-1-PI with oxidized methionyl residues in the reactive site. Inactivation of the alpha-1-PI in vivo also resulted from complexing to an active enzyme, shown previously to be neutrophil elastase, and from proteolytic cleavage in vivo, that produced a fragment of 47,000 mol wt. In contrast to that in BAL fluids, the alpha-1-PI in plasma of patients with respiratory distress syndrome was found to be greater than 90% active in 14 of 22 cases and 50-90% active in 8 cases. This suggested that for the most part, alpha-1-PI was inactivated after leaving the vessels and entering the lung. The circulating alpha-1-PI in patients with the respiratory distress syndrome was found to be equally susceptible to oxidative inactivation as alpha-1-PI from normal individuals. It seems improbable therefore that patients develop ARDS because of labile alpha-1-PI inhibitor.
The Medical Professional's Guide to Handheld Computing
Authors: Robert Badgett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes3 February 2004The Medical Professional's Guide to Handheld ComputingRobert Badgett, MDRobert Badgett, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-3-200402030-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Helopoulos C. 207 pages. Boston: Jones & Bartlett; 2004. $24.95. ISBN 0763731528. Order phone 800-832-0034.Field of medicine: Informatics.Format: Softcover book with CD-ROM.Audience: Health care professionals.Purpose: To improve information management with the Palm OS (Palm, Milpitas, California).Content: The book reviews Palm applications and techniques.Highlights: This book fills a big void by addressing the medical roles of the personal digital assistant (PDA); however, it also discusses key nonmedical roles. Expert users of PDAs have learned PDA skills slowly, by trial and error and word of mouth. This book will accelerate learning and especially help those considering ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 February 2004Volume 140, Issue 3Page: 236KeywordsDrug interactionsDrugsHealth careMouthPatent ductus arteriosusSoftware tools ePublished: 3 February 2004 Issue Published: 3 February 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Practical Guide to Pediatric Intensive Care
Authors: Alan Fields
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In writing this book, the authors sought to "answer many of the questions of our housestaff, referring physicians and nursing and respiratory therapy staff concerning practical minute-to-minute and day-to-day management of patients in Pediatric Intensive Care. These questions focus primarily on physiology, monitoring, management and equipment and techniques." The goal of the authors was to create a book that "could supply practical guidance in a format which was easily assimilated by quick reference in a pediatric ICU [intensive care unit] setting." To produce a book on neonates and children attempting to meet this goal is an impressive task, and the results are no less than that. Part 1 is an approach to pediatric intensive care based on the organ system failures, which includes an excellent chapter on organ donation, including identification and preparation of the organ donor. Many points of intensive care that are particularly applicable to children are frequently
A Family History of Uterine and Gastro-intestinal Cancer
Authors: D. Savage
Journal: BMJ (1956)

JUVENILE DIARRHOEAMEDICAL OURNAL 341 virus enteritis described by Gordon (1954).Its more general recognition might protect some infants from the misapplication of antibacterial drugs, which appear to be ineffective in treatment.Our experience has been that sulphonamides often provoke vomiting, but seldom control the diarrhoea.The summer incidence of diarrhoea, as represented by the numbers of stool specimens sent to the laboratory, was lower than that in winter.Epidemic steatorrhoea was responsible for many winter cases, and such cases were often part of a household outbreak of vomiting and diarrhoea.Only salmonellae and E. coli 0 26 showed a summer increase in prevalence, perhaps representing food-borne infection, since these organisms and 0 114 have been found in animal infections (0rskov, 1951; Charter, 1956).Bacillary dysentery accounted for only 11.1 ,% of all cases of diarrhoea.This and the low incidence of salmonella infection corresponds with the experience of Boardman, Cassel, and Kahn (1955), who studied 200 African children, but contrasts with the view put by Felsen (1945) that most cases of diarrhoea were demonstrably due to shigellosis.During and after epidemics shigellae may predominate temporarily, but any aetiological picture must alter as circumstances change.Summary Faeces were examined from 1,135 children aged up to 4 years within five days of the onset of a diarrhoea] illness.Excess fat globules were found in 13.1 % of these cases, and the significance of the finding is dis- cussed.Sh. sonnei was found in 11.1 0%, Salmonella species in 3.2%, and serological types of E. coli in 8%.The incidence of the latter and of Proteus species was very much higher in those under the age of 2 years.Diarrhoea was more common in winter than in summer months, and affected more boys than girls.We are grateful to the several laboratories which have carried out fat analyses for us.Much of the bacteriological technical work was carried out with great care and accuracy by Mr. J. H.
Purification and characterization of an abundant cytosolic protein from human neutrophils that promotes Ca2(+)-dependent aggregation of isolated specific granules.
Authors: J D Ernst, E Hoye, R A Blackwood, D Jaye
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Intracellular ionized calcium has been strongly implicated in mediating several responses of human neutrophils to stimulation. However, proteins that serve as effectors of these responses have not been well characterized. To identify proteins that might serve as mediators of the effects of Ca2+ in human neutrophils, we isolated proteins that bind to membrane phospholipids in a Ca2(+)-dependent manner. The most abundant of these, a protein of 33 kD, was readily purified to homogeneity, and was found to bind to phosphatidylserine vesicles in the presence of 2 microM ionized Ca2+. In addition, this purified protein promoted Ca2(+)-dependent aggregation of isolated specific granules from human neutrophils, indicating that it might mediate membrane-membrane contact during processes such as phagosome-lysosome fusion or degranulation. This protein was localized to the cytoplasm of unstimulated neutrophils and found to account for approximately 1% of the cytosol protein. Amino acid sequence of several peptides derived from the purified protein revealed that it is identical to lipocortin III, a recently described member of the annexin family that is scarce in other cells and tissues. The abundance of this protein, together with its Ca2(+)-dependent membrane effects, suggest that it mediates membrane-localized events in stimulated neutrophils, such as phagosome-lysosome fusion or degranulation.
Allogeneic dendritic cells pulsed with tumor lysates or apoptotic bodies as immunotherapy for patients with early-stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: I Hus, J Roliński, J Tabarkiewicz, K Wojas, A Bojarska-Junak, J Greiner, K Giannopoulos, A Dmoszyńska, M Schmitt
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
Preoperative and postoperative renin levels in coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: F B Parker, D H Streeten, B Farrell, M S Blackman, H M Sondheimer, G H Anderson
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We studied plasma renin activity (PRA) in eight children before and after surgical correction of aortic coarctation. These eight children underwent a combination of low-sodium diet and diuresis before surgery, and PRA was measured shortly thereafter. Thirty-two to 51 months after successful surgical correction, PRA was measured again. The mean PRA was 21.4 +/- 1.3 ng/ml/hour (+/- SD) preoperatively and 5.5 +/- 1.5 ng/ml/hour postoperatively. These findings provide further evidence of the significance of increased renin-angiotensin activity in patients with aortic coarctation.
Abstract 444: Mitochondrial metabolism and phosphorylation of Stat3 in radioresistant cancer stem cells isolated from glioma U87 cells.
Authors: Ming Fan, Yan Shi, Jian Jian Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Abstract Radiation therapy continues to play a central role in the management of brain tumors. The radioresistance of high-grade gliomas remains one of the reasons for the failure of treatment, which would otherwise require tumoricidal doses beyond the normal tissue tolerance and beyond safe clinical practice. Thus, determining the cellular, molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying radiation resistance becomes critical for successful treatment of these tumors. For this purpose, glioma cell line U87 were treated with fractionated doses of radiation and the resistant clones isolated from the surviving tumor cells were characterized. The radioresistant U87 cells showed enhanced aggressiveness and clonogenic survival with an increased expression of HER2 and CD133, glioma cancer stem cell surface markers, as well as elevated mitochondrial membrane potential but lower oxygen consumption and ATP generation. In addition, compared with the wild type U87 cells, the phosphorylation of mitochondrial Stat3 at Serine 727 was decreased in the radioresistant U87 cells, indicating a role for mitochondrial Stat3 in the radioresistance mechanisms. Additionally, mutation of Serine 727 of Stat3 into Alanine resulted in increased radiosensitivity. These results demonstrate that the radioresistant glioma cells surviving routine radiotherapy are enriched with cancer stem cells expressing CD133 and HER2. The radioresistant phenotype is linked with a lowered mitochondrial metabolism and increased anti-apoptotic function due to inhibition of mitochondrial Stat3 phosphorylation. Thus, improving the mitochondrial metabolism by enhancing mitochondrial Stat3 phosphorylation may serve as an effective approach to re-sensitize the radioresistant glioma tumors. Citation Format: Ming Fan, Yan Shi, Jian Jian Li. Mitochondrial metabolism and phosphorylation of Stat3 in radioresistant cancer stem cells isolated from glioma U87 cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 444. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-444
An LRRTM4-HSPG Complex Mediates Excitatory Synapse Development on Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells
Authors: Tabrez J. Siddiqui, Parisa Karimi Tari, Steven A. Connor, Peng Zhang, Frederick A. Dobie, Kevin She, Hiroshi Kawabe, Yu Tian Wang, Nils Brose, Ann Marie Craig
Journal: Neuron (2013)

Selective synapse development determines how complex neuronal networks in the brain are formed. Complexes of postsynaptic neuroligins and LRRTMs with presynaptic neurexins contribute widely to excitatory synapse development, and mutations in these gene families increase the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. We find that LRRTM4 has distinct presynaptic binding partners, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). HSPGs are required to mediate the synaptogenic activity of LRRTM4. LRRTM4 shows highly selective expression in the brain. Within the hippocampus, we detected LRRTM4 specifically at excitatory postsynaptic sites on dentate gyrus granule cells. LRRTM4−/− dentate gyrus granule cells, but not CA1 pyramidal cells, exhibit reductions in excitatory synapse density and function. Furthermore, LRRTM4−/− dentate gyrus granule cells show impaired activity-regulated AMPA receptor trafficking. These results identifying cell-type-specific functions and multiple presynaptic binding partners for different LRRTM family members reveal an unexpected complexity in the design and function of synapse-organizing proteins.
Kidney Atrophy-Reply
Authors: Alfred L. Weber, Laurence L. Robbins
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Dr. Arnold, in his discussion of X-Ray Seminar No. 30, makes some valid comments and draws his own conclusions on points considered controversial. It is not intended to imply that residual in the bladder is necessary for a diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction, although it represents an important finding in many cases. A minor degree of lower urinary tract obstruction of varying etiology is a controversial subject with regard to diagnosis and treatment, and no unanimous opinion exists. The urethra was excluded as a possible source of obstruction since the cystourethrogram was normal, and no urethral meatal stenosis was found. The urethral meatus can be evaluated by the bougie à boule. This is usually done during the course of a routine physical examination of every patient with a genitourinary problem. On cystography the urethra is dilated proximal to the stenotic urethral meatus. We do not attribute the dilated ureters
Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology
Authors: Stuart Shear
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Exercise on Amino Acid Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: MARIËLLE P. K. J. ENGELEN, EMIEL F. M. WOUTERS, NICOLAAS E. P. DEUTZ, JOAN D. DOES, ANNEMIE M. W. J. SCHOLS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Depletion of fat-free mass (FFM) significantly contributes to decreased skeletal muscle weakness and impaired exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). FFM wasting suggests disturbances in intermediary metabolism, confirmed by data showing profound alterations in the skeletal muscle amino acid (AA) status in COPD at rest. To unravel whether there is a role for AAs in the mechanisms for skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD, basic knowledge of AA metabolism in the muscle during exercise is important. We examined the effects of 20 min of exercise on AA metabolism in 14 patients with COPD and eight control subjects. Arterialized venous blood and a quadriceps femoris muscle biopsy were obtained before and immediately after exercise. FFM was not significantly different between the groups. In COPD, a significant reduction of most muscle AAs was present postexercise, whereas several plasma AAs were increased (p < 0.05). Consequently, sum AAs was reduced in muscle (20%; p < 0.01) and increased in plasma (16%, p < 0.05), suggesting an enhanced AA release from muscle in COPD during exercise. In the COPD group, the increase in plasma alanine and glutamine was even higher postexercise (61%, p < 0.01 and 21%, p < 0.01, respectively), suggesting enhanced nitrogen efflux. This study shows that exercise alters amino acid (intermediary) metabolism in patients with COPD and independent of the presence of FFM wasting.
Nuclear retention of COL1A1 messenger RNA identifies null alleles causing mild osteogenesis imperfecta.
Authors: D A Redford-Badwal, M L Stover, M Valli, M B McKinstry, D W Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility. Most cases of severe OI result from mutations in the coding region of the COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes yielding an abnormal collagen alpha chain. In contrast, many patients with mild OI show evidence of a null allele due to a premature stop mutation in the mutant RNA transcript. We have previously described a null allele arising from a splice donor mutation where the transcript containing the included intron was sequestered in the nucleus. Here we demonstrate that transcripts from null alleles arising from premature stop mutations are also present in the nucleus and absent in the cytoplasm. Using reverse transcriptase-PCR and single-strand conformational polymorphism of COL1A1 mRNA from patients with mild OI, we describe three patients with distinct null producing mutations identified from the mutant transcript within the nuclear compartment. A fourth patient with a Gly--->Arg expressed point mutation exhibits the mutant transcript in both compartments. Defining the distribution of allelic variants of COL1A1 mRNA in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments gives further insight into cell biology of OI and provides a strategy for investigating potential causes of a null allele.
Pseudomonas exotoxin-anti-TAC. Cell-specific immunotoxin active against cells expressing the human T cell growth factor receptor.
Authors: D J FitzGerald, T A Waldmann, M C Willingham, I Pastan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

An immunotoxin was constructed with an activity that discriminated between two T cell lines based on the expression of the T cell growth factor (TCGF) receptor on their cell surface. A toxic protein conjugate, designated PE-anti-TAC, was made by chemically coupling pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) to a monoclonal antibody (anti-TAC) that recognizes the human TCGF receptor. This conjugate was toxic to HUT-102 cells, a cell line that expresses the TCGF receptor, but was nontoxic for MOLT-4 cells, a receptor-negative line. The toxicity of PE-anti-TAC was enhanced 50-fold in the presence of human adenovirus type II and was reduced to control levels by adding excess anti-TAC antibody. The toxicity of PE-anti-TAC for HUT-102 cells was compared with PE-anti-transferrin receptor. To compare the route of entry for both anti-TAC and anti-TFR using electron microscopy, protein conjugates were made by coupling horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to each antibody. Anti-TFR-HRP entered HUT-102 cells by concentrative adsorptive endocytosis via coated pits, and the majority of the antibodies bound to the cell surface at 4 degrees C were seen in receptosomes by 10 min after warming to 37 degrees C. Anti-TAC-HRP was also found to enter HUT-102 cells via coated pits and receptosomes; but, in contrast to anti-TFR, anti-TAC did not selectively concentrate in coated pits, and therefore the majority of this surface-bound antibody were not internalized in HUT-102 cells by 10 min at 37 degrees C.
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation after Gastric Freezing
Authors: Benedict M. Reynolds, Newton D. Scherl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

GASTRIC freezing is receiving widespread clinical trial and therefore it seems pertinent to describe paroxysmal fibrillation in 2 patients shortly after freezing. To our knowledge the occurrence of this arrhythmia with gastric freezing has not previously been reported.Case ReportsCase 1. A 34-year-old man was treated with gastric freezing for intractable ulcer pain. The pretreatment electrocardiogram was normal. Treatment was accomplished by the circulation of 700 ml. of coolant for 45 minutes at -14.5°C. One hour after the freeze atrial fibrillation was observed. This reverted to normal sinus rhythm spontaneously within 24 hours.Case 2. A 27-year-old man was . . .