tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Histoplasmosis vs Sarcoidosis
Authors: Arthur F. DiSalvo
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Walker et al describes the problems encountered in establishing the diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis antemortem in a patient with symptoms compatible with the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Histoplasmosis was considered in the differential diagnosis of this patient, as evidenced by performance of the histoplasmin skin test (which was positive) and a histoplasmin latex agglutination serological test (which was positive but no titer given). That the laboratory held the blood cultures for more than five weeks is further evidence that histoplasmosis was considered. The authors state that "serologic studies and prolonged followup excluded tuberculosis and fungal disease as the cause." Although additional studies may have provided a diagnosis, the outcome for this patient may not have been altered since he already had renal failure, and the renal toxicity of amphotericin B is well known. The latex agglutination titer rises early in an infection with<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>
Abstract IA1-2: Drugging oncogenic transcription factors
Authors: Gregory L. Verdine
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract One of the most vexing problems in life science is that of “undruggability,” the difficulty of targeting certain biological macromolecules in vivo using existing drug or ligand discovery technologies. It has been estimated that as many as 80% to 90% of all potential targets, including many that have been extensively validated in humans and in animal models, are undruggable. Among the most biologically validated and yet chemically intractable of all targets are transcription factors, master regulatory proteins that are inappropriately activated in a large percentage of human tumors. The Verdine laboratory is developing powerful new chemistry-based platform technologies to address undruggable targets, including transcription factors. Specifically, the lab is developing “synthetic biologics,” molecules that, like biologics, possess the ability to target large flat surfaces, but that, like small molecules, are fully synthetic and hence can be modified at will. Progress on the development of one class of synthetic biologics—hydrocarbon-stapled alpha-helical peptides—for use in targeting transcription factors will be reviewed in this talk. References: 1. Schafmeister CE, Po J, Verdine GL. An all-hydrocarbon cross-linking system for enhancing the helicity and metabolic stability of peptides. J Am Chem Soc. 2000;122:5891. 2. Walensky LD, Kung AL, Escher I, Malia TJ, Barbuto S, Wright R, Wagner G, Verdine GL, Korsmeyer SJ. Activation of apoptosis in vivo by a hydrocarbon-stapled BH3 helix. Science. 2004; 305:1466. 3. Bernal F, Tyler AF, Korsmeyer SJ, Walensky LD, Verdine GL. Reactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway by a stapled p53 peptide. J Am Chem Soc. 2007;129: 2456. 4. Moellering RE, Cornejo M, Davis TN, Bianco CD, Aster J, Blacklow SC, Kung A, Gilliland DG, Verdine GL, Bradner JE. Direct inhibition of the NOTCH transcription factor complex. Nature. 2009;462:182. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):IA1-2.
Thirty-Day Mortality After Nephrectomy: Clinical Implications for Informed Consent
Authors: Vincent Cloutier, Umberto Capitanio, Laurent Zini, Paul Perrotte, Claudio Jeldres, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Philippe Arjane, Jean-Jacques Patard, Francesco Montorsi, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2008)
The CD40-TRAF6 axis controls affinity maturation and the generation of long-lived plasma cells
Authors: Cory L. Ahonen, Eric M. Manning, Loren D. Erickson, Brian P. O'Connor, Evan F. Lind, Steven S. Pullen, Marilyn R. Kehry, Randolph J. Noelle
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)
High-Grade Lymphoma of the Bladder Visualized on PET
Authors: M Mantzarides, D Papathanassiou, G Bonardel, M Soret, E Gontier, H Foehrenbach
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

F-18 FDG PET is used for the staging of many cancers. One of its limits is the analysis of the pelvis and the urinary tract because of physiological radiotracer excretion. We report a rare case of an 82-year-old woman in whom intravenous administration of diuretics (furosemide) allowed the identification of a primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the bladder wall. This pharmaceutical increases urine flow and, therefore, reduces the concentration of radiotracer in the urinary tract, improving the visualization of pelvic or urinary tumors. Furosemide administration is an easy, safe, and noninvasive method, even in case of renal insufficiency. Newer PET cameras with high-performance crystals allow rapid acquisitions and improve the tolerance of an examination with diuretic injection. The 3-dimensional reconstruction of images in new PET cameras reduces the occurrence of hyperactive bladder artifacts. The present case illustrates the advantages of furosemide in a rare pathologic entity.
Plasma Thyroglobulin in Detecting Thyroid Carcinoma after Childhood Head and Neck Irradiation
Authors: A. B. Schneider, M. J. Favus, M. E. Stachura, J. E. Arnold, U. Y. Ryo, S. Pinsky, M. Colman, M. J. Arnold, L. A. Frohman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The level of thyroglobulin in plasma was measured in 904 subjects with a history of head and neck irradiation during childhood to evaluate its potential value in screening for and differentiating thyroid neoplasms. Mean plasma thyroglobulin level was significantly elevated in subjects with nodular thyroid disease versus those without evidence of nodules (49.8 versus 27.0 ng/ml). However, the overlap with normal subjects does not allow thyroglobulin assays to serve as the only screening procedure. The mean levels in subjects with benign and malignant thyroid nodules were indistinguishable (48.8 versus 53.9 ng/ml). Thirteen percent of otherwise normal-appearing subjects had elevated values that may represent clinically inapparent thyroid disease. It is concluded that in screening large numbers of persons at risk for thyroid neoplasia, thyroglobulin assays are useful in combination with other modes of evaluation. The assay is without value in distinguishing benign from malignant disease.
Effect of Arsenic Trioxide on QT Interval in Patients With Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Jean T. Barbey, John C. Pezzullo, Steven L. Soignet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Arsenic trioxide is an effective treatment for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who have relapsed from or are refractory to all-trans-retinoic acid and anthracycline chemotherapy. Since arsenic can prolong the QT interval and lead to torsade de pointes, a life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia, this retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the degree of QT prolongation in patients treated with arsenic trioxide.Clinical data and serial ECGs from 99 patients with advanced malignancies who received 170 courses of arsenic trioxide in either a phase I or phase II investigational study were reviewed.Prolonged QT intervals developed in 38 patients (26 patients had intervals >/= 500 milliseconds). Compared with baseline, the heart rate-corrected (QTc) interval was prolonged by 30 to 60 milliseconds in 36.6% of treatment courses, and by more than 60 milliseconds in 35.4% of patients. The degree of prolongation was higher in men than in women during the first course of therapy, and in patients with hypokalemia. In patients receiving multiple courses, QTc intervals returned to pretreatment levels before the second course, signifying that arsenic trioxide does not permanently prolong the QTc interval. One hypokalemic, arsenic trioxide-treated patient with relapsed APL developed asymptomatic torsade de pointes, which resolved spontaneously and did not recur after electrolyte replacement. There were no sudden or arrhythmia-related deaths.This analysis shows that arsenic trioxide can prolong the QTc interval. However, with appropriate ECG monitoring and management of electrolytes and concomitant medications, arsenic trioxide can be safely administered in patients with relapsed APL.
Phase III Study of Crizotinib vs. Chemotherapy in Advanced ALK+ NSCLC: Patient-Reported Symptoms and Quality of Life
Authors: H. Nokihara, V. Hirsh, F. Blackhall, D.-W. Kim, B. Besse, J.-Y. Han, K. Wilner, A. Reisman, S. Iyer, A. Shaw
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Gallbladder Uptake Simulating Hydronephrosis on Tc-99m MAG3 Scintigraphy
Authors: JOEL M. ROSEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) is a valuable agent for renal scintigraphy in patients with diminished renal function. However, hepatobiliary excretion of this agent can cause misleading images and represents a potential pitfall in the interpretation of renal scans. Delayed posterior images from a Tc-99m MAG3 scan of a 79-year-old man with poor renal function demonstrated an apparent prominent accumulation of activity in the renal pelvis simulating a hydronephrotic obstructed kidney. Anterior, oblique, and lateral images clearly demonstrated that this activity was in the gallbladder. The possibility of significant hepatobiliary excretion should be considered when interpreting scans performed with Tc-99m MAG3.
Low nickel diet in the treatment of patients with chronic nickel dermatitis
Authors: K. KAABER, N. K. VEIEN, J. C. TJELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Of 28 patients with chronic nickel dermatitis 17 experienced aggravation following oral ingestion of 2.5 mg nickel, but not a placebo tablet. The dermatitis of 9 of the 17 patients improved during a period of 6 weeks on a low nickel diet. The dermatitis of 7 of the 9 patients flared again when a normal diet was resumed. Nickel excretion over a 24-h period was measured for 14 of the 17 patients by atomic absorption spectrophotometry before, during, and after the diet. Reduced excretion was seen during the diet with no statistically significant difference between patients whose dermatitis improved during the diet and those whose dermatitis showed no change.
Bad medicine: osteoporosis
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

“One in two women and one in five men over the age of 50 in the UK will fracture a bone, mainly as a result of osteoporosis,” says the National Osteoporosis Society. But osteoporosis is an abstract numerical concept. As judged against a young white person at maximum bone density, it is defined as the 1% of people with the lowest bone mineral density shown on dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) scanning, while the lowest 16% are defined as having osteopenia (erroneously called preosteoporosis). By this definition …
Severe exacerbation of rosacea by oral acetazolamide
Authors: P. Shah, B. O'Donnell, F. Pochkhanawala, C.Y. Tan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Severe exacerbation of rosacea by oral acetazolamide Get access P. Shah, P. Shah Department of Ophthalmology, Hirmititfham ami Midland Eye Hospital, Birnuughaiti. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. O'Donnell, B. O'Donnell Department of Dermatology, Skin Hospital, Biriuingham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Pochkhanawala, F. Pochkhanawala Department of Dermatology, Skin Hospital, Biriuingham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.Y. Tan C.Y. Tan Department of Dermatology, Skin Hospital, Biriuingham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 5, 1 November 1993, Pages 647–648, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00509.x Published: 01 November 1993
HERPES ZOSTER OPHTHALMICUS WITH BRIEF REPORT OF FIVE CASES.
Authors: WM. C. BANE
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus has been well known for the past third of a century. It is an acute inflammatory affection appearing in the course of the first and second branches of the fifth nerve, and is almost invariably unilateral. It occurs in elevated groups of firm oval or circular vesicles, on an edematous base, at the terminal points of the nerve filaments. The groups of vesicles do not all appear at once and their area is limited to the median line, and to filaments of the branches involved in the inflammation. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus is a neuritis in which the ganglion of Gasser is involved, as has been proven by Do Wecker. Charcot and others have demonstrated that in herpes zoster the ganglion of the posterior root of the spinal nerve is inflamed. The disease is characterized by severe pain, which usually precedes the eruption by a period varying from
Cases of Inflammable Expired Air
Authors: R. Saundby
Journal: BMJ (1886)

<h3>Abstract</h3> African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an important animal pathogen causing substantial economic losses in the swine industry globally. At present, little is known about the molecular biology of ASFV, including its transcriptome organization. In this study, we applied cutting-edge sequencing approaches, namely the Illumina short-read sequencing (SRS) and the Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing (LRS) techniques, together with several library preparation chemistries to analyze the ASFV dynamic transcriptome. SRS can generate a large amount of high-precision sequencing reads, but it is inefficient for identifying long RNA molecules, transcript isoforms and overlapping transcripts. LRS can overcome these limitations, but this approach also has shortcomings, such as its high error rate and the low coverage. Amplification-based LRS techniques produce relatively high read counts but also high levels of spurious transcripts, whereas the non-amplified cDNA and direct RNA sequencing techniques are more precise but achieve lower throughput. The drawbacks of the various technologies can be circumvented by the combined use of these approaches.
Prevalence, Donation Practices, and Risk Assessment of Blood Donors With Hemochromatosis
Authors: Ana M. Sanchez
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextDespite changes in eligibility policies, practical barriers limit blood donations from individuals with hemochromatosis. Increased knowledge of hemochromatosis donor characteristics may help foster further changes that will promote more donations.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of donors diagnosed as having hemochromatosis and to compare rates of unreported deferrable risks for transfusion-transmissible viral infections (TTVIs), positive screening test results for TTVIs, and donation patterns between hemochromatosis patient donors and donors reporting no medical conditions necessitating phlebotomy (non–health-related donors).DesignAn anonymous mail survey conducted in 1998 as part of the ongoing Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study.Setting and ParticipantsAmong a stratified probability sample of 92 581 blood donors from 8 geographically diverse US blood centers, 52 650 (57%) responded.Main Outcome MeasuresPrevalence of hemochromatosis among blood donors; prevalence of unreported deferrable risks and positive screening test results for TTVIs among hemochromatosis patient donors vs non–health-related donors.ResultsOne hundred ninety-seven respondents (0.4%) identified themselves as hemochromatosis patients and 50 079 (95.1%) as non–health-related donors. An estimated 0.8% of all donations were from hemochromatosis patients, 45.8% of whom reported that they had donated blood to treat their illness. The proportion of repeat donors was higher in hemochromatosis patients than in non–health-related donors (83.5% vs 76.5%; P = .03). Among repeat donors, 68.7% of hemochromatosis patients reported donating at least 3 times in the past year compared with 49.1% of non–health-related donors (P<.001). The prevalence of unreported deferrable risks for TTVIs was similar in hemochromatosis patients (2.0%) and non–health-related donors(3.1%) as was the overall prevalence of positive screening test results (1.3% of hemochromatosis patients vs 1.6% of non–health-related donors).ConclusionsAlthough significant numbers of hemochromatosis patients reported donating blood for therapeutic reasons, our findings suggest that this population does not present a greater risk to blood safety than other donors.
Abstract 2589: The P110 subunit of PI3-K is a therapeutic target of acacetin in skin cancer.
Authors: Jon Eun Kim, Sung Keun Jung, Sanguine Byun, Sung-Young Lee, Myoung Ok Kim, Tae Gyu Lim, Ann M. Bode, Hyong Joo Lee, Ki Won Lee, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Verifying potential target proteins of phytochemicals is important for explaining their health benefits. In the present study, we examined the chemopreventive effect and molecular target of acacetin, which is a flavonoid from Robinia Psuedoacacia also known as Black Locust. Treatment with acacetin significantly inhibits EGF-induced transformation of JB6 P+ cells. Western blot assay results revealed that acacetin suppresses EGF-induced phosphorylation of Akt/p70S6K, which is a well-known downstream signaling molecule of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K). In vitro kinase and pull-down assay results showed that acacetin significantly inhibits PI3-K activity by direct binding. Additionally, acacetin also attenuated EGF-induced PI3-K activity and binds with PI3-K in JB6 P+ cells. Acacetin showed significant effects against anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth in cells displaying higher PI3-K activity compared with those exhibiting lower PI3-K activity. Binding assay data and computational modeling showed that acacetin binds in an ATP-competitive manner with the p110 kinase domain of PI3-K and interacts with Val828, Glu826 Asp911 Trp760, Ile777, Ile825, Tyr813, Ile910 and Met900. Acacetin reduced SK-MEL-28 xenograft tumor growth and phosphorylation of Akt in vivo. Overall, these results indicate that acacetin is an ATP competitive PI3-K inhibitor and might be a promising chemopreventive agent targeting PI3-K activity. Citation Format: Jon Eun Kim, Sung Keun Jung, Sanguine Byun, Sung-Young Lee, Myoung Ok Kim, Tae Gyu Lim, Ann M. Bode, Hyong Joo Lee, Ki Won Lee, Zigang Dong. The P110 subunit of PI3-K is a therapeutic target of acacetin in skin cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2589. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2589
Congenital factor XIII deficiency in a neonate.
Authors: J Francis, P Todd
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Pelvic examination showed that it was normal and adequate for vaginal delivery.Her haemoglobin at the time of booking was 12 g/dl, group 0, rhesus positive.Haemoglobin electrophoretic pattern was A+C.Serological test was negative.Urine analysis showed no abnormality.The pregnancy progressed normally and she went into labour spon- taneously at term.On 18 February 1976, after being in labour for 9 hours 45 minutes, she delivered a normal, healthy, infant weighing 2830 g with an Apgar score of 7. The puerperium was uneventful.Both mother and the baby were in a satisfactory condition.
Towards a neuroimaging biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Martin R Turner, Julian Grosskreutz, Jan Kassubek, Sharon Abrahams, Federica Agosta, Michael Benatar, Massimo Filippi, Laura H Goldstein, Martijn van den Heuvel, Sanjay Kalra, Dorothée Lulé, Bahram Mohammadi
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2011)
Long-term results of Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group studies 1997 and 2002 for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: D-C Liang, C-P Yang, D-T Lin, I-J Hung, K-H Lin, J-S Chen, C-C Hsiao, T-T Chang, C-T Peng, M-T Lin, T-K Chang, T-H Jaing, H-C Liu, L-Y Wang, T-C Yeh, S-T Jou, M-Y Lu, C-N Cheng, J-M Sheen, S-S Chiou, K-H Wu, G-Y Hung, R-L Chen, S-H Chen, S-N Cheng, Y-H Chang, B-W Chen, W-L Ho, J-L Wang, S-T Lin, Y-L Hsieh, S-C Wang, H-H Chang, Y-L Yang, F-L Huang, C-Y Chang, W-H Chang, K-S Lin
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Military Medicine Tries 'Home Front' Approaches
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1997)

TODAY'S peace enforcement effort in the former Yugoslavia is the 50th military operation involving US troops since the 1989 Just Cause move into Panama.  Military medicine has supported all of them, in the field and at home. The home base effort has become more important than ever as the dwindling number of US troops are deployed increasingly often and for longer periods, leaving spouses and children behind.  To take care of these beneficiaries awaiting the return of their family member in uniform, US military medical personnel—whose numbers also have decreased with the downsizing of the armed services—are exploring a number of approaches.  At Landstuhl (Germany) Regional Medical Center, for example,  has been dropped from this major referral (for 250 000 beneficiaries throughout Europe) facility's title because US Air Force physicians and other medical personnel have joined their US Army counterparts there.  In Wurzburg, Germany, Ronald R. Blanck, DO, visiting
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Authors: I R Crossley, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1985)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is ostensibly linked to autoimmune (AI) diseases, but whether the prostate is a target of systemic inflammation associated with AI conditions is unknown. Prostatic inflammation is linked to fibrosis, hyperplasia, and reduced responses to BPH-related medical therapies. This study was conducted to determine if AI disease correlates with BPH diagnosis and whether systemic targeting of an inflammatory mediator limits prostatic inflammation and hyperplasia. Patient medical records (n=112,152) were evaluated to determine BPH prevalence among different AI diseases. Inflammatory cells from human BPH tissues were analyzed by single-cell (sc)RNA-seq and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α-antagonist etanercept was tested in two murine models of prostatic enlargement. BPH prevalence was significantly higher among patients with AI disease compared to unaffected individuals. However, AI patients treated with TNFα-antagonists had a significantly reduced incidence of BPH. Data from scRNA- seq identified macrophages as a dominant source of TNFα and <i>in vitro</i> assays confirmed that TNFα stimulates BPH-derived fibroblast proliferation. In the AI patient cohort and murine models, systemic treatment with TNFα-antagonists decreased prostatic epithelial proliferation, macrophage infiltration, and epithelial NFκB activation compared to control tissues. These studies are the first to show that patients with AI diseases have a heightened susceptibility to BPH and that the TNFα-signaling axis is important for BPH pathogenesis. Macrophage-secreted TNFα may mechanistically drive BPH via chronic activation of the signaling axis and NFκB. TNFα blockade appears to be a promising new pharmacological approach to target inflammation and suppress BPH. <h3>One sentence summary</h3> Patient data and mouse models suggest that repurposing tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade reduces inflammation-mediated prostatic hyperplasia.