tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endogenous Insulin Modulates Circulating Endothelin-1 Concentrations in Humans
Authors: Claudio Ferri, Cesare Bellini, Giovambattista Desideri, Giancarlo De Mattia, Anna Santucci
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

To assess the effect of oral glucose loading on plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in humans.A total of 75 g D-glucose was given orally to 14 nonobese nondiabetic essential hypertensive subjects (eight men and six women, mean age 43.1 +/- 3.0 years) and eight normotensive subjects (four men and four women, mean age 45.2 +/- 4.1 years). Blood samples for plasma ET-1 measurement were drawn every 30 min for 2 h and then at 180 and 240 min.After glucose load, insulin increased more significantly in hypertensive subjects than in normotensive subjects at times 60 (P = 0.004) and 90 (P = 0.001) min. Glucose loading was followed by a mild but significant increase in circulating ET-1 levels in both groups (hypertensive subjects, from 0.87 +/- 0.25 pg/ml at time 0 to 1.64 +/- 0.33 pg/ml at 120 min and 1.74 +/- 0.38 pg/ml at 180 min, P < 0.05; normotensive subjects, from 0.82 +/- 0.38 pg/ml at time 0 to 1.42 +/- 0.18 pg/ml at 180 min, P < 0.05). Whereas baseline ET-1 levels were similar between the two groups, postload ET-1 levels were higher in hypertensive subjects than in normotensive subjects (P = 0.003 at 120 min; P = 0.04 at 180 min).This study indicates that significant changes in circulating ET-1 levels occur after oral glucose loading, probably due to a glucose-induced increment in endogenous insulin concentration.
Detection of microsatellite instability in sporadic cardiac myxomas
Authors: G Sourvinos
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Microsatellite instability (MIN) is an early event in DNA repair-deficient associated diseases and reflects an elevated mutation rate in the genome of neoplastic cells. Sporadic cardiac myxomas are the most common primary heart tumours and their aetiopathology remains obscure. This study investigates the incidence of MIN in sporadic cardiac myxomas as a possible genetic mechanism of tumour pathogenesis.Eleven surgically excised sporadic cardiac myxomas were assessed for MI using twenty-two highly polymorphic microsatellite markers, located on a wide range of chromosomal arms. DNA was extracted from myxoma tissue specimens as well as the respective normal tissue and subjected to polymerase chain reaction.The microsatellite analysis revealed that seven myxoma specimens (64%) exhibited MIN in at least one marker. One tumour specimen exhibited evidence of MIN in four microsatellite markers, while the most frequently affected marker was D17S855 (27%), located on chromosome 17q.We have detected a considerable incidence of MIN in sporadic cardiac myxomas indicating that decreased fidelity in DNA replication and repair is common in these tumours. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report describing MIN in sporadic cardiac myxomas, as a possible pathogenetic mechanism of these rare neoplasms.
Brachioradial pruritus as a result of cervical spine pathology: The results of a magnetic resonance tomography study
Authors: Martin Marziniak, Ngoc Quan Phan, Ulrike Raap, Dorothee Siepmann, Funda Schürmeyer-Horst, Esther Pogatzki-Zahn, Thomas Niederstadt, Sonja Ständer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
The Employed Surgeon
Authors: Anthony G. Charles, Shiara Ortiz-Pujols, Thomas Ricketts, Erin Fraher, Simon Neuwahl, Bruce Cairns, George F. Sheldon
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2012)

To identify trends and characteristics of surgeon employment in the United States. Surgeons are increasingly choosing hospital or large group employment as their practice environment. DESIGN American Medical Association Physician Masterfile data were analyzed for the years 2001 to 2009.Surgeons identified within the American Medical Association Masterfile.Surgeons were defined using definitions from the American Medical Association specialty data and the American Board of Medical Specialties certification data and included active, nonfederal, and nonresident physicians younger than 80 years of age.Employment status and trends.The number of surgeons who reported having their own self-employed practice decreased from 48% to 33% between 2001 and 2009, and this decrease corresponded with an increase in the number of employed surgeons. Sixty-eight percent of surgeons in the United States now self-identify their practice environment as employed. Between 2006 and 2011, there was a 32% increase in the number of surgeon in a full-time hospital employment arrangement. Younger surgeons and female surgeons increasingly favor employment in large group practices. Employment trends were similar for both urban and rural practices.General surgeons and surgical subspecialists are choosing hospital employment instead of independent practice. The trend is especially notable among younger surgeons and among female surgeons. The trend denotes a professional paradigm shift of major importance.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Mark C. McQuiggan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In six infants and children, acute renal failure, following diarrhea, was associated with hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. This combination of findings, referred to as the hemolytic uremic syndrome, has been recognized with increasing frequency. Four of six patients died despite treatment by transfusion and dialysis. The pathological findings were not uniform and included glomerulonephritis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and renal cortical necrosis. The etiology remains obscure. Available evidence suggests that a hypersensitivity process is involved in the pathogenesis.
Antidepressant drugs in the elderly: Are the indications as long term as the treatment?
Authors: A. J Duncan, A J. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1988)

In a community study of 761 people aged 70 years and over 45 (5·9%) were found to be taking long term tricyclic antidepressants. Forty four were compared with matched controls. There was no evidence that tricyclic antidepressants were being used to compensate for poor physical health or function. Twenty subjects had a clear history of depression; three of these required additional treatment and five might have coped without continued drug treatment. Twelve of the remainder had started treatment with tricyclic antidepressants as hypnotics and 11 as a trial because of suspected depression. They had continued taking the drugs over a long period. Regular review of both the adequacy of and the necessity for continued treatment with tricyclic antidepressants in the elderly is recommended.
TCT-577 Coronary Liposuction During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence by Near-infrared Spectroscopy that Aspiration Reduces Lipid Core Size Prior to Stent Placement
Authors: David Erlinge, Jan Harnek, Isabel Gonçalves, Matthias Gotberg, James E. Muller, Ryan D. Madder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Clinical impact of colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis in the management of Crohn's disease.
Authors: N S Ambrose, M R Keighley, J Alexander-Williams, R N Allan
Journal: Gut (1984)

We report the outcome of 63 consecutive patients with Crohn9s colitis treated by colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis between 1951-1981. There were no operative deaths. Serious postoperative complications occurred in 10 patients. The mean follow up since colectomy was 9.5 years. At 10 years the cumulative reoperation rate was 48% and the cumulative recurrence rate (based upon operative, radiological, and sigmoidoscopic evidence) was 64%. Ten patients have died during follow up. Two-thirds of the patients still under review have an intact ileorectal anastomosis. These results show that colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis is a useful operation in young patients with chronic ill health, diarrhoea, and anaemia in whom there is minimal anorectal disease. For suitable patients, the operation avoids the morbidity of a permanent stoma, pelvic dissection, and rectal excision. Recurrence developing in the ileum proximal to the anastomosis can often be resected and intestinal continuity preserved, whereas anorectal recurrence usually requires proctectomy.
Intermittent poppet dislodgment in a braunwald-cutter prosthesis: Noninvasive diagnosis and successful surgical treatment
Authors: Vladimir Yakirevich, Hylton I. Miller, Itzhak Shapira, Enrico Ostzjega, Moshe Gueron, Aryeh Y. Vanderman, Bernardo Vidne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1984)
Managed Care, Mental Health, and the Marketplace
Authors: Brian Gould
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —Several articles appearing recently in professional journals are critical of managed mental health care and deplore the loss of quality and professional autonomy. 1,2 These articles contain descriptions of hospital and managed care businesses that are unnecessarily pejorative and typically flawed by damning overgeneralizations without substantiation (... but direct clinical work was typically performed by undertrained, poorly paid 'counselors' 2 ).  Contrary to Drs Jellinek and Nurcombe, 1 we maintain that psychiatry is neither the first specialty to be affected by managed care nor has it been singled out for special treatment. Much of its difficulty is due to psychiatry's lack of objective treatment criteria or other guidelines and the associated extreme range in variance utilization. If profit motive is to be implicated here, one must question whose.  We know several things about psychiatry that help explain its market behavior. Demand for psychiatric services is highly sensitive to benefit
The Hollow Skull: A Sign of Brain Death in Tc-99m HM-PAO Brain Scintigraphy
Authors: HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM, RIAD H. BAHAR, GISLI H. SIGURDSSON, SAMY SADEK, HANS OLIVECRONA, AZZA M. ALI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

The advantage of Tc-99m HM-PAO, a newly introduced compound for brain perfusion imaging, is illustrated in three patients with suspicion of brain death. With Tc-99m HM-PAO, the carotid flow study is not essential, as it is in the Tc-99m pertechnetate carotid angiogram; planar images are equally useful; and there is no need for SPECT images. For the diagnosis of brain death, Tc-99m HMPAO can be injected in the intensive care unit and planar images can be obtained at a later time using a mobile camera or whenever the patient can be moved to the nuclear medicine department.
Biophysics of Physiological and Pharmacological Actions: Papers Presented at New York Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, December 26-28, 1960
Authors: David D. Ulmer
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This volume consists of 30 papers which were presented in December, 1960, at a symposium sponsored jointly by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Physiological Society, and the Society of General Physiologists. Primary emphasis is given to current concepts of the electrical and ionic events associated with nerve and muscle excitability. Active transport and membrane selectivity in elementary systems such as red blood cells are discussed first; the more complex problems presented by nerves, voluntary striated muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle are then dealt with successively. Junctional transmission and the contractile mechanism in muscle receive special attention and the probable energy supply for the various activity processes is discussed. The mechanism of action of certain pharmacologic agents is considered in terms of their effect on membranes. Numerous models, conceived in the light of recent experimental data, are presented. Throughout, the illustrations are of good quality.
Response to Comment on: Sun et al. Protection From Retinopathy and Other Complications in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes of Extreme Duration: The Joslin 50-Year Medalist Study. Diabetes Care 2011;34:968–974
Authors: Jennifer K. Sun, Hillary A. Keenan, Vincent M. Monnier, Lloyd Paul Aiello, George L. King
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

We thank Conway et al. (1) for the discussion of their findings regarding skin intrinsic fluorescence in the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study cohort. Their results—that skin intrinsic fluorescence values are higher in individuals with no diabetic retinopathy (DR) as compared with more advanced DR—are consistent with our findings in the Medalist cohort in which …
Familial Leukemia
Authors: Clark W. Heath, William C. Moloney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE extent to which genetic or familial factors play a part in the etiology of human leukemia is at present uncertain. No clear-cut general tendency for leukemia to recur in families has been apparent from various investigations made of the incidence among relatives of leukemic patients.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Several individual families, however, have been described in which as many as 4 and 5 cases of leukemia have appeared.3 , 9 , 11 12 13 14 15 In addition, recent work has shown an increased concordance for leukemia among homozygous twins.16 The present report concerns a family in which 5 cases of acute leukemia have occurred in three consecutive generations over . . .
Doctors accused of refusing transplant on moral grounds
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A British liver transplant specialist last week accused colleagues of taking a decision on moral rather than medical grounds when they refused a transplant to a teenage girl with liver failure after she took half an ecstasy tablet. Professor Roger Williams of the Institute of Hepatology at University College, London, was giving evidence at a fatal accident inquiry at Aberdeen Sheriff Court into the death of 15 year old Michelle Paul.

Earlier, transplant surgeon Hilary Sanfey, who headed the team looking after the girl at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, had insisted that …
Human securin interacts with p53 and modulates p53-mediated transcriptional activity and apoptosis
Authors: Juan A. Bernal, Rosa Luna, Águeda Espina, Icíar Lázaro, Francisco Ramos-Morales, Francisco Romero, Carmen Arias, Augusto Silva, María Tortolero, José A. Pintor-Toro
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
THE NATURE OF BENCE-JONES PROTEINS
Authors: G. M. Delman, J. A. Gally
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The chemical relations among Bence-Jones proteins, myeloma proteins, and normal gamma-globulins have been investigated by a variety of means. Starch gel electrophoresis in 8 M urea of reduced alkylated Bence-Jones proteins yielded patterns of bands corresponding to those of the light (L) polypeptide chains of the dissociated myeloma protein from the same patient. One instance in which this correspondence was found was chosen for extensive study. Chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose in 6 M urea was employed to isolate the light (L) polypeptide chains and heavy (H) polypeptide chains of the completely reduced and alkylated myeloma protein. Isolation of similarly treated Bence-Jones protein from the same patient corroborated the correspondence to the L chains of the myeloma protein. Amino acid analyses indicated that the compositions of the Bence-Jones protein and the L chains of the myeloma protein were identical. Moreover, the thermosolubility properties and spectrofluorometric behavior of the isolated L chains and Bence-Jones protein were similar. Ultracentrifugal analyses of the L chains of normal human 7S gamma-globulin showed that their molecular weight in 6 M urea was 20,000. In aqueous solution their molecular weight was 41,000, suggesting that they exist as dimers under these conditions. The L chains of normal human gamma-globulin were found to have reversible thermosolubility properties similar to those of Bence-Jones proteins. The H chains of normal human gamma-globulin did not share these properties. Using spectrofluorometric methods, characteristic molecular transitions were found upon heating Bence-Jones proteins and L chains. These transitions were indicated by an increase in the intensity of fluorescence at well defined temperatures as well as by reversible shifts in the wavelength of maximal emission. The findings suggest that Bence-Jones proteins are composed of L chains of the type found in normal and pathological gamma-globu]ins.
Regular reinfusion of ascites during haemodialysis in a patient with amyloidosis.
Authors: A J Nicholls, M M Platts, D R Triger
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Une malade atteinte d'amyloidose hepatique et peritoneale provoquant une ascite importante, et d'insuffisance renale chronique, est traitee pendant 10 mois par hemodialyse avec ponction d'ascite et re-introduction du liquide filtre dans le circuit d'hemodialyse, ce qui soulage la distension abdominale et evite l'hypoproteinemie et l'hypotension
Clinicopathologic Study of Thirty-Three Fatal Cases of Asian Influenza
Authors: Robert Oseasohn, Lester Adelson, Masaro Kaji
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE 1957 pandemic of Asian influenza was associated with a high attack rate and excess pneumonia mortality1; influenza-associated deaths were most common at the extremes of life. Although case fatality rates were low, the course of some cases was fulminant2 3 4 5 and comparable with the rapidly lethal variety of influenza observed in the pandemic of 1918–206 and in several subsequent epidemics.7 Recent reports of deaths associated with Asian influenza2 3 4 5 , 8 9 10 11 12 describe explosive, rapidly progressive and unresponsive respiratory failure frequently associated with staphylococcal infection, primary influenzal pneumonitis, neurologic and cardiac involvement, the rare isolation of Haemophilus influenzae from the respiratory tract and . . .
Breast complaints and cancer: age stratified predictors of risk from a prospective database.
Authors: M Parkinson, M Tsang, A Tilley, R George
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4086 Surgical clinics are presented with a variety of breast complaints. This study looks at major reasons for referral and correlates them to the likelihood of a benign or malignant disease.&amp;#x2028; Data comes from a prospective database of new referrals for surgical assessment. Male patients and presentations of recurrent cancer were excluded. Reasons for presentation were sorted into 7 categories defined as breast asymmetry, palpable mass, non-inflammatory skin changes, inflammatory changes, nipple discharge, nipple changes, pain or abnormal imaging. The dominant complaint was applied. Some patients are included twice if they had another problem in the opposite breast, or a second presentation of a new problem. Patient demographics were recorded and all patients were followed to a benign or malignant diagnosis.&amp;#x2028; Chi-square testing, odds ratios, and confidence intervals were used for the categorical data. Fisher's exact test was employed for categories with a low cell count.&amp;#x2028; Three hundred and ninety of 1050 patients were found to have breast cancer. The most common presentations of malignancy were a palpable mass and abnormal imaging. Less common presentations that also predicted cancer were persistent inflammation, skin changes, and nipple changes. Breast pain (p=0.00001), breast asymmetry (p=0.00001), and nipple discharge (p=0.00001) were significantly correlated with benign disease. The most common diagnosis varied significantly with age. Fibroadenomas were most common in young women, while cysts were frequent in the peri-menopausal group (p=0.0001). A new mass in a woman over 65 years old was malignant 83% of the time (p=0.000001).&amp;#x2028; Reason for referral can be significantly correlated with a benign or malignant diagnosis. Breast asymmetry, pain, and nipple discharge were associated with a benign diagnosis, while a new mass in an older woman was more likely to be malignant than benign. This information can be used to help stratify referrals into high and low risk categories, and identify patients for expedited assessment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4086.
THE EFFECT OF STRONG PURGING ON BLOOD-PRESSURE AND THE HEART
Authors: CHARLES HUGH NEILSON
Journal: JAMA (1913)

For years the treatment of anasarca, of edema and of ascites has been depletion of the body fluids. This depletion was brought about by diaphoresis, diuresis and catharsis. All these measures have a tendency to lower the blood-pressure, but especially is this true of catharsis. This indiscriminate use of strong cathartics for depletion of the body fluids in anasarca, with no control other than the disappearance of the edema, is unsafe. In many cases of anasarca with failing heart, and in many cases of edema due to kidney involvement, especially with the accompanimet of generalized arteriosclerosis, actual harm is produced. It is the experience of all clinicians that some patients in a "water-logged" condition do well when depletion is produced by strong cathartics, while others grow gradually worse. The question why some do well and others grow worse with this eliminative treatment ought to have some answer. Sir James Barr
Survey of antibiotic prophylaxis in gastrointestinal surgery in Scotland.
Authors: N I Wilson, P A Wright, C S McArdle
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The current use of prophylactic antibiotics in gastrointestinal surgery in Scotland was established by postal questionnaire. Twenty-one per cent of surgeons used prophylactic antibiotics during cholecystectomy, 49% during appendicectomy, and 95% for elective colorectal surgery. Two-thirds of those surgeons who did not provide routine antibiotic cover considered that the incidence of wound sepsis in their surgical practice was too low to merit special measures. Most surgeons using prophylaxis chose an appropriate antibiotic. The parenteral route for administration of antibiotic was used by 93% of surgeons during cholecystectomy, 29% during appendicectomy, and 45% in elective colorectal surgery. Most did not prolong cover beyond 24 hours postoperatively. This survey shows that the concepts governing the use of antibiotic prophylaxis have been absorbed into current surgical practice. Most surgeons used appropriate antibiotic regimens; many prefer the parenteral route of administration; most do not prolong cover beyond 24 hours.