tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prescription charges and tuberculosis.
Authors: J. H. Gifford
Journal: BMJ (1968)

arrangements.Although this figure accounted for only 11% of staff, it had grown from 3.4% in just over two years, and the trend appears to be continuing.Pioneers naturally stimulate interest and enthusiasm and one should therefore be cautious about accepting their judgement of the value of their developments.However, detailed studies`' examining the work of local authority staff in attached and un- attached situations, and in particular a study by this unite conducted simultaneously in Oxford (where there was general attachment) and other towns where there were no attach- ments, seem to bear out Dr. Warin's generally favourable conclusions about this method of working.The next step appears to be the link with hospital services.-Weare, etc.,
Enhanced Lymphoma Incidence in BALB/c Mice After Ultraviolet Light Treatment&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P Ebbesen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Following UV irradiation of BALB/c mice three times a week for 9 months, lymphatic leukemia or reticulosarcoma developed in 44 (12%) of 378 mice whose backs were shaved and whose ears were intact. Only 11 (5%) of 224 UV-irradiated mice whose backs were shaved and whose ears were removed developed lymphomas. Among 311 unirradiated mice whose backs were shaved, 9 lymphomas (3%) occurred. The diagnosis of leukemia or reticulosarcoma was confirmed by microscopy and transplantation. Among irradiated mice, ear tumors developed in 24% of the mice with intact ears, whereas skin tumors developed on the shaved backs in 4% of the mice whose ears were removed and also in 4% of the mice with intact ears.
High Provider Volume is Associated with Lower Rate of Secondary Therapies after Definitive Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Claudio Jeldres, Nazareno Suardi, Fred Saad, Francesco Montorsi, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Paul Perrotte, Naeem Bhojani, Jochen Walz, Georg C. Hutterer, Markus Graefen, Luc Valiquette, Pierre I. Karakiewicz
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Detection of accessory spleens with indium 111‐labeled autologous platelets
Authors: Harmon H. Davis, Ajit Varki, W. Andrew Heaton, Barry A. Siegel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract In two patients with recurrent immune thrombocytopenia, accessory splenic tissue was demonstrated by radionuclide imaging following administration of indium 111‐labeled autologous platelets. In one of these patients, no accessory splenic tissue was seen on images obtained with technetium 99m sulfur colloid. This new technique provides a simple means for demonstrating accessory spleens and simultaneously evaluating the life‐span of autologous platelets.
Normalization of Lipoprotein Composition by Intraperitoneal Insulin in IDDM: Role of increased hepatic lipase activity
Authors: Giacomo Ruotolo, Mariella Parlavecchia, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Gabriella Galimberti, Adele Zoppo, Ngoc-Anh Le, Francesca Ragogna, Piero Micossi, Guido Pozza
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To characterize the effects of intraperitoneal insulin pump therapy on lipoprotein composition and lipolytic enzyme activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten IDDM patients were studied 3 times: when receiving conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy and at 3 and 9 months from the initiation of intraperitoneal insulin regimen. Ten nondiabetic subjects matched for age, sex, and body weight were studied as controls. Levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and B (apoB) were measured in total plasma and lipoprotein fractions (very-low-density lipoprotein [VLDL], intermediate-density lipoprotein [IDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], and high-density lipoprotein [HDL]: HDL2 and HDL3). Postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities were determined by an immunochemical method. RESULTS IDDM patients showed higher levels of HDL3 and lower levels of HDL2 particles during intraperitoneal insulin therapy in comparison with subcutaneous insulin therapy. Both cholesterol and apoA-I significantly increased in HDL3 and decreased in HDL2 during intraperitoneal treatment. Plasma total cholesterol significantly decreased in the diabetic patients at 3 months of intraperitoneal insulin therapy compared with both subcutaneous insulin regimen and control subjects. IDL triglyceride concentrations during intraperitoneal treatment were significantly lower than those seen with subcutaneous therapy. Furthermore, triglyceride:apoB ratio in VLDL and cholesterol:apoB ratio in LDL significantly decreased in IDDM patients treated by intraperitoneal insulin. A significant increase in the activity of hepatic lipase with intraperitoneal insulin therapy by 9 months compared with subcutaneous insulin therapy has been shown. CONCLUSIONS The increased activity of hepatic lipase after intraperitoneal insulin administration in IDDM patients appears to be one of the main determinants of lipoprotein changes observed, resulting in the normalization of lipoprotein composition during this mode of therapy. The normal inverse relationship between VLDL triglycerides and HDL cholesterol, which was not present in IDDM patients with subcutaneous therapy, was restored with intraperitoneal insulin regimen.
Some problems with Chow's problems with power
Authors: Deborah G. Mayo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Chow correctly pinpoints several confusions in the criticisms of statistical hypothesis testing but his book is considerably weakened by its own confusions about concepts of testing (perhaps owing to an often very confusing literature). My focus is on his critique of power analysis (Ch. 6). Having denied that NHSTP considers alternative statistical hypotheses, and having been misled by a quotation from Cohen, Chow finds power analysis conceptually suspect.
Prophylaxis of Tuberculosis-Reply
Authors: Laurence S. Farer
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We certainly had no intention of giving "the appearance of consensus" and purposely never used the term consensus in any description of the responses to the Delphi survey. The reason we used interquartile ranges about the median estimates for quantitative questions was to indicate dispersal of responses, as suggested by Dalkey.<sup>1</sup> With regard to Dr Basson's specific question about duration of therapy, 73% (112 persons) responded that it should be 12 months; the interquartile range for this answer lies at the median (12-12). Of 154 respondents, only two suggested a duration of less than six months, and only four respondents suggested a duration of greater than 12 months. The frequency and nature of the changes in estimates after the iteration varied from question to question. However, in 90% of the questions, the range in responses decreased considerably from the first to the second round of the poll.
Genetic studies of atopy and atopic dermatitis
Authors: R. COLEMAN, R.C. TREMBATH, J.I. HARPER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Atopy and the atopic disorders are likely to result from multifactorial inheritance, with interaction between genetic and environmental factors. It has been proposed that at least two major mechanisms, non-antigen specific (total IgE levels) and antigen specific (specific IgE antibodies and skin tests), regulate the immune response to allergens in humans: firstly, a gene/genes independent of the human leucocyte antigen system which is involved in the regulation of total IgE levels, and secondly, a specific immune response gene/genes associated with major histocompatibility complex class II genes which are involved in antigen-specific mechanisms. Candidate genes have been proposed for both mechanisms and linkage has been found between atopy and at least three different gene loci. This paper reviews the evidence supporting a genetic basis for atopy and atopic dermatitis and outlines recent advances in the molecular genetic mapping of genes associated with these disorders.
The Social Organization of Sexuality-Reply
Authors: E. O. Laumann, R. T. Michael, J. H. Gagnon, S. Michaels
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Drs Haverkos and Drotman assert in their second paragraph that our conclusion regarding the negligible likelihood of an epidemic spread of HIV in the heterosexual population rests on a simple network model that relies exclusively on our survey findings that 80% of adults reported no or one sexual partner in the past year and the very low percentages of men and women reporting homosexual or bisexual activity during the same period. This is a gross simplification of the argument and its empirical support in chapters 6 and 7 devoted to the characterization of sexual networks in the United States and its implications for the epidemic, and chapter 11's extended discussion of the correlations of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with numbers of sexual partners and sexual practices.<sup>1</sup>
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy 30 Years Later
Authors: Edward P. Richardson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

AN article in this issue reports findings that provide new insight into the pathogenesis of the rare neurologic disease with the rather ponderous name progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (more conveniently, PML).1 This disease, characterized by multiple progressively evolving demyelinative lesions in the brain, is now recognized as a form of opportunistic viral infection resulting from impaired cell-mediated immune responses. When first recognized, it was seen mainly as an occasional late complication in various chronic diseases associated with immunologic hyporeactivity, such as leukemias, lymphomas, sarcoidosis, and carcinomatosis.2 , 3 With the increasing therapeutic use of immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and . . .
The oncofetal gene<i>glypican 3</i>is regulated in the postnatal liver by zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 and in the regenerating liver by alpha-fetoprotein regulator 2
Authors: Lorri A. Morford, Christina Davis, Lin Jin, Aneta Dobierzewska, Martha L. Peterson, Brett T. Spear
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The Glypican 3 (Gpc3) gene is expressed abundantly in the fetal liver, is inactive in the normal adult liver, and is frequently reactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This reactivation in HCC has led to considerable interest in Gpc3 as a diagnostic tumor marker and its possible role in tumorigenesis. Despite this interest, the basis for Gpc3 regulation is poorly understood. On the basis of the similarities between Gpc3 and alpha-fetoprotein expression in the liver, we reasoned that common factors might regulate these 2 genes. Here we identify zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (Zhx2) as a regulator of Gpc3. Mouse strain-specific differences in adult liver Gpc3 messenger RNA levels and transgenic mouse studies indicate that Zhx2 represses Gpc3 expression in the adult liver. We also demonstrate that Gpc3 is activated in the regenerating liver following a carbon tetrachloride treatment and that the level of Gpc3 induction is controlled by alpha-fetoprotein regulator 2 (Afr2).We show that Zhx2 acts as a repressor of Gpc3 in the adult liver, and this raises the interesting possibility that Zhx2 might also be involved in Gpc3 reactivation in HCC. We also show that Gpc3 is activated in the regenerating liver in an Afr2-dependent manner. Zhx2 and Afr2 represent the first known regulators of Gpc3.
Clonal mast cell disease not meeting WHO criteria for diagnosis of mastocytosis: clinicopathologic features and comparison with indolent mastocytosis
Authors: A Pardanani, D Chen, R A Abdelrahman, K K Reichard, D Zblewski, A J Wood, R F McClure, J H Butterfield, C A Hanson, A Tefferi
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Book Review Psoriasis (Basic and Clinical Dermatology.) Third edition. Edited by Henry H. Roenigk, Jr., and Howard I. Maibach. 851 pp., illustrated. New York, Marcel Dekker, 1998. $225. 0-8247-0108-9
Authors: Payam Tristani-Firouzi, Gerald G. Krueger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)
Studies on Experimental Alcaptonuria and Ochronosis.
Authors: B. N. La Du
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Studies on Experimental Alcaptonuria and Ochronosis.B. N. La Du Jr., M.D., W. M. O'Brien, M.D., V. G. Zannoni, M.D.B. N. La Du Jr., M.D., W. M. O'Brien, M.D., V. G. Zannoni, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1046_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA specific enzymatic method for the determination of homogentisic acid in blood, urine, and tissues has recently been developed in our laboratory. The method has been utilized to study the tissue distribution of homogentisic acid after its intraperitoneal administration to guinea pigs and to study the factors which facilitate the removal of homogentisic acid from the tissues. Within 30 minutes after administration of homogentisic acid, relatively high concentrations were found in skin and cartilage; much lower concentrations were present in liver, muscle, and brain. No significant differences in the distribution were observed in young versus adult animals. The unusual distribution... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: B. N. La DuJr., M.D.; W. M. O'Brien, M.D.; V. G. Zannoni, M.D.Affiliations: Bethesda, Md. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1046-1046KeywordsAttentionBrainCartilageGuinea pigsLiverMusclesResearch laboratoriesTissue distributionUrineYoung adults ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
More Than Meets the Eye
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1978)

A little more than one year ago, Beem and Saxon<sup>1</sup>indicated that a pneumonitis in infancy can be caused by an agent that until now has been considered to affect only the eyes. They proved that<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, after residing for a longer period in the nasal mucosa and causing nasal obstruction and discharge, may settle in the lower respiratory tract. Beem and Saxon<sup>1</sup>found nasopharyngeal<i>C trachomatis</i>in 18 of 20 patients with pneumonia syndrome. In addition, they found<i>C trachomatis</i>in two of 15 patients with various other illnesses and in ten of 12 with inclusion conjunctivitis, but without lower respiratory tract illness.<i>Chlamydia</i>antibody titers were substantially elevated in pediatric patients with pneumonia syndrome. Harrison et al<sup>2</sup>have again described the prevalence of<i>C trachomatis</i>infection in hospitalized patients younger than 6 months with lower respiratory tract infection. They found seven cases of pneumonitis
Abstract 2678: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in combination with <i>S. typhimurium</i> A1-R for cancer treatment
Authors: Yong Zhang, Nan Zhang, Shibing Su, Robert M. Hoffman, Ming Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has long shown promise for the treatment of cancer. We have previously developed a bacterial cancer therapy strategy using the genetically-engineered strain, Salmonella typhimurium A1-R, which is auxotrophic for arg and leu, which attenuates growth in normal tissue but allows high tumor virulence. S. typhimurium A1-R is effective against metastatic human prostate, breast, and pancreatic cancer cell lines as well as osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and glioma cell lines in clinically-relevant nude-mouse and syngeneic-mouse models. The current study evaluated TCM as combination treatment during bacterial therapy in metastatic mouse models of human cancer. TCM prevented hemorrhagic spots on the skin, liver, and spleen after bacterial infection. Fur discoloration and reduced activity was also observed in mice treated with S. typhimurium A1-R. These symptoms were ameliorated when bacterial treatment was combined with TCM. In a syngeneic lung cancer metastatic model in immunocompetent mice, the combination of TCM and S. typhimurium A1-R enabled S. typhimurium to be safely administered at a dose of 2×105 CFU twice a week i.v. in immunocompotent mice with increased treatment efficacy compared to monotherapy with S. typhimurium A1-R. The results of the present study suggest that combination of S. typhimurium A1-R and TCM has important potential for cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2678. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2678
"Sunflower cataract" in Wilson's disease.
Authors: J. E. Cairns, H. P. Williams, J. M. Walshe
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Copper deposition in the cornea giving rise to the classical Kayser-Fleischer ring is one of the few diagnostic signs in clinical medicine, and it is always found in patients with Wilson's disease once the nervous system is involved.In the early hepatic stage of the illness, when pigmentation is relatively light, it may be difficult to see the copper granules, but these can probably be detected in most if not all cases by slit-lamp
Outcome of Renal Transplantation from Very Old Donors
Authors: Paolo Rigotti, Burcin Ekser, Lucrezia Furian, Nicola Baldan, Maria Luisa Valente, Luigino Boschiero, Nicola Motterlini, Annalisa Perna, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Piero Ruggenenti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: The use of kidneys from elderly donors may permit more transplantations, but it has been associated with poorer outcomes than transplantations performed with kidneys from younger donors.1 According to data from the United Network for Organ Sharing, the rates of graft loss and patient death among recipients of grafts from donors 70 years of age or older are 24% and 21% higher, respectively, than rates among recipients of grafts from donors 60 to 69 years of age.2 We previously reported that the outcomes of transplantations performed with kidneys from donors older than 60 years of age were . . .
Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE)–Mediated Induction of Tissue Factor in Cultured Endothelial Cells Is Dependent on RAGE
Authors: Angelika Bierhaus, Thomas Illmer, Michael Kasper, Thomas Luther, Peter Quehenberger, Hans Tritschler, Peter Wahl, Reinhard Ziegler, Martin Müller, Peter P. Nawroth
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Binding of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to the cellular surface receptor (RAGE) induces translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB into the nucleus and NF-κB–mediated gene expression. This study examines the role of RAGE in the AGE albumin–mediated induction of endothelial tissue factor, known to be partly controlled by NF-κB. Methods and Results Endothelial cells (ECs) were incubated in the presence of an 18-mer phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide antisense to the 5′-coding sequence of the RAGE gene (antisense RAGE; 0.1 μmol/L). Sense oligonucleotides (sense RAGE, 0.1 μmol/L) of the same region served as control. The cellular uptake of oligonucleotides was controlled by immunofluorescence microscopy. RAGE transcription was suppressed by antisense RAGE, as demonstrated by RT-PCR reactions. AGE albumin–mediated activation of cultured ECs was studied after 48 hours of preincubation of ECs with antisense or sense RAGE. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the AGE albumin–induced translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm into the nucleus was suppressed in the presence of antisense RAGE but not by sense RAGE. In parallel, AGE albumin–mediated tissue factor transcription, activity, and antigen were significantly reduced in ECs exposed to antisense RAGE, whereas sense RAGE (and nonspecific oligonucleotides) did not influence tissue factor expression. Conclusions Activation of ECs and induction of tissue factor by AGE albumin in ECs is dependent on RAGE.
Abstract 2067: Putative role of Nrf2 as a tumor suppressor through inhibition of angiogenesis
Authors: Juan M. Funes, Rachel Kaufman, James M. Flanagan, Stephen Henderson, Mathew Robson, Barbara Pedley, Salvador Moncada, Chris Boshoff
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common biochemical change in cancer cells. To investigate the mechanisms of ROS accumulation during the process of tumorigenesis we employed a well-characterized model of stepwise human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transformation. Transformed MSC (tMSC) became dependent upon oxidative stress, as treatment with antioxidants impaired their tumorigenic potential. The increased ROS in tMSC was a consequence of a striking global down-regulation of the cellular antioxidant machinery correlating with reduced levels of the transcription factor Nrf2, a key regulator of the cellular antioxidant response. Expression of constitutive active versions of oncogenic H-Ras, Raf and PI3K/AKT led to decreased levels of Nrf2 in non-transformed MSC. Down-regulation of Nrf2 plays a central role in the defective ROS-scavenging capacity and oncogenic potential of tMSC, since its over-expression induces antioxidants, reduces the levels of ROS and impairs in vivo tumor growth. Mechanistically we show that restoration of Nrf2 expression sensitizes transformed cells to apoptosis and reduces an angiogenic response. Elevated Nrf2, in turn, led to destabilization of HIF-1α and decreased expression of angiogenic factors such as adrenomedullin and VEGF during hypoxic conditions. Moreover, we found a significant reduction in both proliferation and sprouting of human umbilical vein endothelial cells after being cultured in hypoxic/conditioned media from tMSC over-expressing Nrf2 compared with control. Down-regulation of Nrf2 during human cell transformation is not restricted to MSC as Nrf2 expression was also down-regulated when human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) were genetically modified and transformed with the same oncogenic elements used for MSC. We performed microarray comparison studies and observed that expression of Nrf2 was down-regulated in a panel of human tumors. Furthermore, expression of Nrf2 and its downstream gene NQO1 was enhanced in breast cancer cell lines such as MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 when the cells were treated with U0126, an inhibitor of ERK1/2 pathway. These results suggest that down-regulation of Nrf2 expression through activation of Ras/Raf/ERK pathway is not unique to in vitro transformed MSC or HMEC, but also occurs in established human breast cancer cell lines. Overall, our results indicate that Nrf2 expression is reduced in certain human tumor cells by mechanisms that involve activation of Ras signaling, and reveal a new role for Nrf2 as a tumor suppressor through inhibition of angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2067. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2067
Clinical Assessment Scheme
Authors: R. S. Murley
Journal: BMJ (1972)

of Hackney, London, and who in 1817 published his famous "Essay on the Shaking Palsy."If a pencil sketch or painting exists it would be most helpful and interesting to us if we could obtain a photographic re- production.It is, after all, this man's name which was given to the disease he described.I trust that anyone who can help will do so, and meanwhile this society, founded in 1969 as a national charity, will continue to sponsor research and help the many thou- sands of sufferers from this distressing disease.-Iam, etc.,