tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
D4-GDI, a Rho GTPase Regulator, Promotes Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness
Authors: Yaqin Zhang, Baolin Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract D4-GDI is a Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor that is widely expressed in hematopoietic cells. Its possible expression and function in breast cancer cells has not been described. Here, we found that D4-GDI is expressed in a panel of breast cancer cell lines, but not in benign-derived mammary epithelial cells. Knockdown of D4-GDI expression in MDA-MB-231 cells by RNA interference blocks cell motility and invasion. The cells lacking D4-GDI grown on Matrigel revert to a normal breast epithelial phenotype characterized by the formation of cavitary structures. Silencing D4-GDI expression inhibits β1-integrin expression and cell-matrix adhesion. Reintroduction of D4-GDI fully restored both β1-integrin expression and cellular invasion. Knockdown of D4-GDI in BT549 cells results in a similar effect. These results show that D4-GDI modulates breast cancer cell invasive activities. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(11): 5592-8)
Pulmonary hypertension in collagen vascular disease
Authors: M.M. Hoeper
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Pulmonary hypertension is a serious but often overlooked complication in collagen vascular disease. The understanding of the development of pulmonary hypertension has increased substantially during the last years. Abnormal proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells is now being regarded as a predominant process leading to pulmonary vascular obliteration. Medical therapy focuses on prostacyclin treatment, which has been shown to improve exercise capacity and haemodynamic variables in patients with several collagen vascular diseases and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Continuous intravenous prostacyclin remains the standard treatment of associated pulmonary hypertension but less invasive alternatives such as subcutaneous treprostinil, oral beraprost or aerosolized iloprost, as well as, novel substances such as endothelin receptor antagonists may be appropriate for selected patients.
Silicosis and Cancer-Reply
Authors: Rutherford T. Johnstone
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> There need be no argument that from time to time some one reports a case of lung cancer in a worker who was exposed to asbestos. Probably the first American case was by Lynch and Smith (<i>Amer J Cancer</i><b>24:</b>56 [May] 1935). It may be that there is a relationship between lung cancer and exposure to asbestos. However, as implied in our original answer, there is no epidemiological evidence of such among American workers. Paul, in his article, stated "Textbook descriptions of clinical diseases are often considered inadequate today unless a section on epidemiology accompanies the... etiology, pathology, and others" (<i>JAMA</i><b>175:</b>601 [Feb. 18] 1961). In the textbook of Hinshaw and Garland (W. B. Saunders Company, page 668, 1956) the following is stated, "It has been surmized that asbestosis may predispose to bronchogenic carcinoma, a hypothesis which has not been fully confirmed." The English experience
Tacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: W. A. Luqman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —I disagree with the statement in the article on tacrine by Dr Knapp and colleagues 1 that there was no evidence that the large number of patient withdrawals biased the overall conclusions of their study.  The number of patient withdrawals was progressively higher for the higher doses (ie, 36% for group 1 [placebo], 53% for group 2, 68% for group 3, and 73% for group 4). These were very high rates. However, they did correspond with the higher doses and supported the dose-related toxicity. Table 2 of their article suggested that duration of therapy was also a factor.  To me, their data suggested an important contribution from patient withdrawal. The variances for the indexes recorded in their Table 1 suggested significant variability and/or skewedness. But the most concerning observation is related to the changes in duration of Alzheimer's disease at the initiation of the study and at
Risk of Chlamydial PID and Oral Contraceptives-Reply
Authors: Pål Wolner-Hanssen
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Inclusion of the four additional variables suggested by Washington et al in the model did not appreciably change the odds ratios in the overall comparisons (adjusted odds ratio when oral contraceptive use was compared with non-oral contraceptive use was 0.61 and when compared with use of no method was 0.54). The reanalysis performed by Washington et al does not contradict our conclusions. In their table, users of different birth control methods are compared with users of no method. Most case women in the "any method other than OC" group either used barrier methods or had been sterilized (our Table 2). Few doubt that barrier methods and sterilization reduce the risk of PID. Our Table 2 shows that use of intrauterine devices certainly did not reduce the risk of PID. Case women in the group "any method other than OC or barrier" in the table of Washington et
Stealing Into Print: Fraud, Plagiarism and Misconduct in Scientific Publishing
Authors: Marcel C. Lafollette
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Dutch doctors withhold and withdraw treatment in many elderly patients, study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Doctors in the Netherlands withhold and withdraw treatment in a substantial proportion of elderly patients largely for reasons of patient comfort and to avoid futile treatment, research published in the Journal of Medical Ethics has found.1

The researchers wanted to find out whether the incidence of withholding or withdrawing treatment before death differed among different age groups and how these decisions were made. They looked at a sample of deaths that occurred from August to November 2010 and stratified them according to whether decisions about the …
EXPERIENCE IN THE TREATMENT OF RINGWORM OF THE SCALP IN THE NEW YORK SKIN AND AND CANCER HOSPITAL.
Authors: HENRY A. PULSFORD
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The materials from which this paper has been constructed were drawn from the clinical records of seventy-five cases of ringworm of the scalp treated in the wards of the New York Skin and Cancer Hospital during the ten years ending in the spring of 1892. The purpose of the paper being neither to present a brilliant array of suspiciously favorable statistics, nor to puff any one method of treatment, this series of cases has not been subjected to any process of selection or elimination. And if the facts, when allowed to speak for themselves, tell of failure more often than of success, the lesson they teach us is no less valuable on that account. Of the seventy-five patients who have furnished the facts for this report all were inmates of the hospital during the whole course of their treatment. They were therefore constantly under the care of the resident physicians,
951-68 A Comparison of Intracoronary Stenting with Conventional Balloon Angioplasty for the Treatment of New Onset Stenoses of the Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Eric Eeckhout, Jean-C. Stauffer, Pierre Vogt, Nadia Debbas, Lukas Kappenberger, Jean-J. Goy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Ofatumumab and high-dose methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: J E Castro, M Y Choi, T Carvajal, E Almahasnah, J Chang, D F James, T J Kipps
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Ofatumumab is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We conducted a phase II single-arm study at a single center. Patients received ofatumumab (300 mg then 1000 mg weekly for 12 weeks) and methylprednisolone (1000 mg/m2 for 3 days of each 28-day cycle). Twenty-one patients enrolled, including 29% with unfavorable cytogenetics (del17p or del11q). Ninety percent of patients received the full course without dose reductions or delays. The overall response rate was 81% (17/21) with 5% complete response, 10% nodular partial response, 67% partial response, 14% stable disease and 5% progressive disease. After a median follow-up of 31 months, the median progression-free survival was 9.9 months and the median time to next treatment was 12.1 months. The median overall survival has not yet been reached. The combination of high-dose methylprednisolone and ofatumumab is an effective and tolerable treatment regimen. This regimen may be useful for patients who are unable to tolerate more aggressive therapies, or have not responded to other treatments.
On Defective Nerve-Power as a Cause of Bright's Disease
Authors: J. O. Brookhouse
Journal: BMJ (1876)

of the time lost by sickness ; 31 per cenit. of the whole mortality, and 9 per cent. of the superannuation.Proceeding now to the local diseases, wve find that the various maladies of the nervous system give 7.5 per cent. of cases treated, and 9 per cent. of time lost by illness; 9 per cent. of the mortality, alnd 20 per cent. of the superaninuation, one-half of which latter pro- portion is caused by insanity.Diseases of the organs of circulationi show only i per cenit.on the number of cases, and 3 per cent.on the time lost by sickness; but lesions of the heart and great vessels have caused I3 per cent. of the deaths and 1.5 per cent. of the superannuations.Diseases of the respiratory organs yield 27 per cent. of the cases treated, and 20 per cent. of the time lost; i i per cent. of the whole number of deaths, and 17.7 per cent. of the superannuations.In- cluding phthisis (which, in the great majority of the cases that occur in this body of men, may be considered as a local pulmonary rather than a constitutional disease), the maladies affecting the lungs and air- passages yield the large proportion of 28.4 per cent. of the cases, 30 per cent. of the time lost by sickness, 42 per cent. of the whole mor- tality, and 27 per cent. of the superannuation.Diseases of the organs of digestion exhibit the ratio of 17 per cent. of cases, 13 per cent. of time lost, 9 per cent. of deaths, and 7 per cent. of superannuations.Diseases of the urinary organs give only 2.4 per cent. of cases, 3 per cent. of time lost, 2.6 per cent. of deaths, and less than I per cent. of superannuations.Affections of the skin and cellular tissue occur in the proportion of 11.5 per cent. of cases and IO per cent. of time lost by illness ; but no death and only two superannuations (from ulcers) have to be recorded under this head.Injuries of various kinds and of every degree of severity are neces- sarily of frequent occurrence, from the nature of the duties of those officers, more particularly afloat.They constitute IO per cent. of the cases disabled, and I I per cent. of the whole time lost in illness by the force.Deaths from violence form 9.5 per cent. of the entire mortality, of which 3 per cent.are the result of fractures, etc., 4.7 per cent.are from accidental drowning, to which the out-door officers and watermen are especially liable in following their vocation, and i.8 per cent.are due to suicide.The ratio of superannuation from external injury does
Effect of high intensity interval training and slow, continuous training on VO2max of school going non-athlete males: a comparative study
Authors: Vivekanand Upadhyay, Abhishek Chowdhery, Manabendra Bhattacharyya
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Most endurance athletes use high intensity training (HIT) methods to train for competitions. The effects of low to moderate intensity training on aerobic fitness are well documented. The relative impact of short, HIT versus slow, long distance training has been debated for decades. This study seeks to compare the effect of VO 2 max, a measure of endurance capacity, on school-going males. Twenty-two school-going non-athlete males between 14 and 17 years of age with no history of systemic illness were randomly divided into HIT group (n=12) and slow continuous training (SCT) group (n=10). The HIT group was imparted thrice weekly training of six bouts of 2-min high-intensity run alternated with 2-min rest while SCT group was made to run five times every week for 60 min of slow continuous run (75% of HR max for age). Both groups were trained for 6 weeks. Pre- and post-training VO 2 max were recorded for each group by bleep test. Pre-training mean VO 2 max was 40.3 ml/kg/min. Subsequent to training, HIT group showed mean improvement in VO 2 max by 4.5 ml/kg/min (11.7%) while SCT group showed mean improvement in VO 2 max by 2.2 ml/kg/min (6.0%). High intensity interval training is an effective endurance training tool in non-athletic school going male population and provides better improvement in VO 2 max than SCT.
Long-Term Results of the Radial Artery Used for Myocardial Revascularization
Authors: Gianfederico Possati, Mario Gaudino, Francesco Prati, Francesco Alessandrini, Carlo Trani, Franco Glieca, Mario A. Mazzari, Nicola Luciani, Giovanni Schiavoni
Journal: Circulation (2003)

No information is available on the long-term results of radial artery (RA) grafts used as coronary artery bypass conduits.In this report, we describe the long-term (105+/-9 months) angiographic results of a series of 90 consecutive patients in whom the RA was used as a coronary artery bypass conduit directly anastomosed to the ascending aorta. The long-term patency and perfect patency rates of the RA were 91.6% and 88%, respectively, versus 97.5% and 96.3% for internal thoracic artery grafts. The severity of stenosis of the target vessel clearly influenced long-term RA patency, whereas location of the target vessel and long-term use of calcium channel blockers did not influence angiographic results. Preserved endothelial function and absence of flow-limiting, fibrous, intimal hyperplasia were also documented.Ten years after surgery, RA grafts have excellent patency and perfect patency rates. Appropriate surgical technique and correct indication are the key factors for long-term RA patency.
Abstract 220: 14-3-3 zeta downregulation sensitizes head and neck cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents
Authors: Matta Ajay, Leroi V. Desouza, Ranju Ralhan, KW Michael Siu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction. Advancements in treatment modalities have not translated into marked improvement in the prognosis of Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Major emphasis is being laid on designing new therapeutic strategies for more effective disease management. Recently, using iTRAQ-labeling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS), we identified a panel of biomarkers, including 14-3-3 zeta and 14-3-3 sigma in HNSCC and oral pre-malignant lesions. Retrospective study of HNSCC revealed correlation of increased expression of both these biomarkers with poor disease prognosis. Herein, we report preliminary results on determining the potential of 14-3-3 zeta as a molecular target for HNSCC therapy. Methods. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting 14-3-3 zeta was used to down-regulate its expression in head and neck cancer cell lines (SCC4 / HSC2). Transient transfection of siRNAs targeting 14-3-3 zeta in these cultured cells was done using LipofectAMINE 2000. The chemosensitivity of transfected cells was determined by measuring the cell death using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Flow cytometry-based cell cycle analysis, Annexin V dye binding assay and TUNEL assay. Results: Knockdown of 14-3-3 zeta showed reduced cell viability and G2/M arrest in head and neck cancer cells transfected with 14-3-3 zeta siRNA (100 nM, 48 hours). Importantly, doxorubicin / cisplatin treatment of 14-3-3 zeta siRNA transfected head and neck cancer cells (SCC4 / HSC2), showed increased cell death at lower doses in comparison to cells treated with doxorubicin or cisplatin alone. Increased sub-G0 phase was observed in SCC4 cells (showing reduced 14-3-3 zeta expression) on treatment with any of these chemotherapeutic agents. Annexin V staining and TUNEL assay revealed increased apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed cleaved caspase 9 and caspase 3, confirming the induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our results showed that 14-3-3 zeta downregulation sensitizes head and neck cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents by induction of apoptosis. We propose that down-regulation of 14-3-3 zeta may serve as a novel strategy to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in the management of head and neck cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 220.
Estrogen Replacement Therapy: New Options, Continuing Concerns
Authors: Rita M. Hanson
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The articles by Dr Speroff and colleagues 1 and the Writing Group for the Postmenopausal Estrogen/ Progestin Intervention (PEPI) Trial 2 address a number of relevant issues regarding postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and lend additional weight to the growing body of evidence that suggests that continuous combined estrogen-progestin therapy may be the optimal regimen for HRT in women with an intact uterus. The Editorial by Dr Insogna and colleagues 3 further states that the data from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial and the Continuous Hormones as Replacement Therapy (CHART) study suggest that continuous conjugated equine estrogen-medroxyprogesterone acetate (CEE-MPA) is superior to continuous norethindrone acetate—ethinyl estradiol (NA-EE 2 ) in terms of effect on lipid profile. By highlighting key findings in the 2 studies, the Editorial provides useful direction for clinical decision making. However, both the Editorial's authors and The Journal's editors appear to have ignored disturbing
Acute crystal arthritis mimicking infection after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: G Holt, C Vass, C S Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Total knee arthroplasty is the most effective treatment to relieve the pain associated with end stage arthritis of the knee.1 A reported 0.5-2% of people will develop sepsis of the implant, necessitating lavage and debridement of the affected knee with immediate or delayed removal of the implant.2 3 The key to successful management of implant sepsis is early and accurate diagnosis, which allows prompt treatment. Every patient with pain and swelling at the site of a total knee arthroplasty must, therefore, be assessed for infection.1 We report a case of a patient initially diagnosed as having implant sepsis who in fact had pseudogout of the knee. This shows the diagnostic difficulties and issues surrounding management that may arise when a patient presents with crystal arthritis at the site of previous joint replacement.

A previously well 72 year old man presented with a three day history of progressive swelling of the left knee with associated pain, erythema of the skin, tachycardia, and a fever of 38.8°C. Two years before, the patient had had primary total knee arthroplasty surgery of the affected joint for a …
1107-140 Lack of association between severity of coronary artery disease and aortic valve calcification determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy in 187 patients with aortic valve replacement
Authors: Jan R Ortlepp, Fabian Schmitz, Vera Mevissen, Stefan Weiß, Jürgen Huster, Richard Dronskowski, Rüdiger Autschbach, Georg Langebartels, Peter Hanrath
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Are antibiotics indicated as initial treatment for children with acute otitis media? A meta-analysis
Authors: C. B Del Mar, P. P Glasziou, M. Hayem
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute otitis media in children. <b>Design:</b> Systematic search of the medical literature to identify studies that used antibiotics in randomised controlled trials to treat acute otitis media. Studies were examined blind, and the results of those of satisfactory quality of methodology were pooled. <b>Subjects:</b> Six studies of children aged 7 months to 15 years. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Pain, deafness, and other symptoms related to acute otitis media or antibiotic treatment. <b>Results:</b> 60% of placebo treated children were pain free within 24 hours of presentation, and antibiotics did not influence this. However, at 2-7 days after presentation, by which time only 14% of children in control groups still had pain, early use of antibiotics reduced the risk of pain by 41% (95% confidence interval 14% to 60%). Antibiotics reduced contralateral acute otitis media by 43% (9% to 64%). They seemed to have no influence on subsequent attacks of otitis media or deafness at one month, although there was a trend for improvement of deafness at three months. Antibiotics were associated with a near doubling of the risk of vomiting, diarrhoea, or rashes (odds ratio 1.97 (1.19 to 3.25)). <b>Conclusions:</b> Early use of antibiotics provides only modest benefit for acute otitis media: to prevent one child from experiencing pain by 2-7 days after presentation, 17 children must be treated with antibiotics early. <h3>Key messages</h3> There is wide variation in the use of antibiotics for early treatment of acute otitis media in children, and we examined the literature by meta-analysis to establish what benefits or harm antibiotics provide Antibiotics did not influence resolution of pain within 24 hours of presentation, though at 2-7 days after presentation, by which time only 14% of children in control groups still had pain, early use of antibiotics reduced the risk of pain by about 40% Antibiotics also reduced contralateral acute otitis media but seemed to have little influence on subsequent attacks of otitis media or deafness Antibiotics were associated with a near doubling of the risk of vomiting, diarrhoea, or rashes Early use of antibiotics provides only modest benefit for acute otitis media: to prevent one child from experiencing pain by 2-7 days after presentation, 17 children must be treated with antibiotics early