tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical isolates of Mycobacterium simiae in San Antonio, Texas. An 11-yr review.
Authors: G Valero, J Peters, J H Jorgensen, J R Graybill
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

During a period of 11 yr (1983-1993) 137 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium simiae obtained from 75 patients were identified in a University hospital in San Antonio, Texas. One hundred twenty-eight isolates (93%) were from a pulmonary source, four (3%) from blood, and five from other sites including skin, urine, lymph node, bone marrow, and brain. Of 62 evaluable patients, six (10%) had definite infection, nine (14%) had probable disease, and 48 (76%) were thought to be colonized. During the last 2 yr of the study (1992 and 1993), M. simiae became the second most frequently isolated nontuberculous mycobacterium at this institution surpassed only by Mycobacterium avium complex. There are limited data about effective treatment for this multidrug-resistant organism. New macrolides, quinolones, ethambutol, clofazimine, and aminoglycosides are promising therapeutic agents.
HGV/GBV-C infection in liver transplant recipients: antibodies to the viral E2 envelope glycoprotein protect from de novo infection
Authors: Enrico Silini, Luca Belli, Albert B. Alberti, Margherita Asti, Antonella Cerino, Morena Bissolati, Gianfranco Rondinara, Luciano De Carlis, Luciano De Carlis, Domenico Forti, Mario U. Mondelli, Gaetano Ideo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
NOA-04 Randomized Phase III Trial of Sequential Radiochemotherapy of Anaplastic Glioma With Procarbazine, Lomustine, and Vincristine or Temozolomide
Authors: Wolfgang Wick, Christian Hartmann, Corinna Engel, Mandy Stoffels, Jörg Felsberg, Florian Stockhammer, Michael C. Sabel, Susanne Koeppen, Ralf Ketter, Richard Meyermann, Marion Rapp, Christof Meisner, Rolf D. Kortmann, Torsten Pietsch, Otmar D. Wiestler, Ulrike Ernemann, Michael Bamberg, Guido Reifenberger, Andreas von Deimling, Michael Weller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

Purpose The standard of care for anaplastic gliomas is surgery followed by radiotherapy. The NOA-04 phase III trial compared efficacy and safety of radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy at progression with the reverse sequence in patients with newly diagnosed anaplastic gliomas. Patients and Methods Patients (N = 318) were randomly assigned 2:1:1 (A:B1:B2) to receive conventional radiotherapy (arm A); procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), and vincristine (PCV; arm B1); or temozolomide (arm B2) at diagnosis. At occurrence of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression, patients in arm A were treated with PCV or temozolomide (1:1 random assignment), whereas patients in arms B1 or B2 received radiotherapy. The primary end point was time to treatment failure (TTF), defined as progression after radiotherapy and one chemotherapy in either sequence. Results Patient characteristics in the intention-to-treat population (n = 274) were balanced between arms. All histologic diagnoses were centrally confirmed. Median TTF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.8), progression-free survival (PFS; HR = 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.3, and overall survival (HR = 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.9) were similar for arms A and B1/B2. Extent of resection was an important prognosticator. Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas share the same, better prognosis than anaplastic astrocytomas. Hypermethylation of the O 6 -methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter (HR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.0), mutations of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) gene (HR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.77), and oligodendroglial histology (HR = 0.33; 95% CI, 0.2 to 0.55) reduced the risk of progression. Hypermethylation of the MGMT promoter was associated with prolonged PFS in the chemotherapy and radiotherapy arm. Conclusion Initial radiotherapy or chemotherapy achieved comparable results in patients with anaplastic gliomas. IDH1 mutations are a novel positive prognostic factor in anaplastic gliomas, with a favorable impact stronger than that of 1p/19q codeletion or MGMT promoter methylation.
Mortality and cancer morbidity among cadmium-exposed workers
Authors: Tord Kjellström, Lars Friberg, Barbro Rahnster
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

Preliminary data are reported from a study of 269 cadmium-nickel battery factory workers and 94 cadmium-copper alloy factory workers. The target group comprises all workers with more than 5 years exposure to cadmium at any time since the factories started production. An internal reference group of 328 alloy factory workers without cadmium exposure was also studied. The expected number of deaths and cancers was calculated with the "life-table" method by using national average incidence rates for men in different age groups and at different calendar years. It was found that among the workers in the battery factory who started work before 1948 there was an increased general mortality in the 1950's mainly due to respiratory disease. The same group had an increased renal disease mortality. There was no increase in general cancer mortality or in general cancer incidence. The risk ratio for nasopharyngeal cancer incidence was 10 (two cases), which was statistically significant. For some other sites like prostate, lung and colon-rectum the risk ratios were also greater than 1 but not statistically significant. In the alloy factory there was a tendency for an increased mortality in prostatic cancer (four cases). After correction for the "healthy worker effect" using the reference group, the risk ratio for prostatic cancer deaths was calculated as 2.4, but this was not statistically significant. The findings in this study support the earlier reports of an association between human cadmium exposure and increased risk for prostatic cancer.
Sleep Habits and Symptoms in Male Medical and Surgical Patients
Authors: M. W. Johns, P. Egan, T. J. A. Gay, J. P. Masterton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A questionary survey of symptoms and sleep habits at home among 100 adult male medical and surgical patients showed that the duration of sleep at night was similar to that reported for the general population, decreasing with age from 20 to 50 years and increasing again after 60 years. The duration of daytime sleep increased with age. The degree of sleep disturbance in different patients was compared in terms of the total duration of sleep and the time spent lying awake in bed at night. Increasing age, ischaemic heart disease, and neurotic illness were the main factors associated with long-term disturbances.
“Antimyeloangiogenic” Therapy for Cancer by Inhibiting PlGF
Authors: Sonja Loges, Thomas Schmidt, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis emerged as valuable strategy to treat cancer and has revolutionized the face of clinical oncology by prolonging the life of numerous cancer patients. However, the duration of this response is rather short and tumors rapidly evade treatment, leaving antiangiogenic treatment thus far unable to cure cancer. Hence, novel targets are needed to diversify antiangiogenic treatments and to overcome resistance. Recent data support the concept that tumor infiltration by bone marrow-derived myeloid cells confers resistance to current antiangiogenic drugs targeting primarily vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this review, we will summarize (pre)clinical data on the role of PlGF and its receptor VEGFR-1 in promoting angiogenesis and inflammation, and the "antimyeloangiogenic" activity of an antibody against PlGF (alphaPlGF), which may help to overcome resistance against VEGF(R)Is. Because of these promising results, a humanized alphaPlGF antibody (TB403) is currently evaluated in different phase I clinical trials in cancer patients.
Long-Term Methotrexate Treatment in Corticosteroid-Dependent Asthma
Authors: Michael F. Mullarkey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Study Objective: To study the long-term efficacy and toxicity of low-dose methotrexate as corticosteroid-sparing adjunctive therapy in patients with corticosteroid-dependent bronchial asthma. Design: A prospectively evaluated case series. Patients: We studied 31 cushingoid asthmatics who needed daily prednisone and were found to be unable to reduce their prednisone dosage. These patients had used maximal daily doses of bronchodilator and inhaled corticosteroid and, on average, had used prednisone, 26.8 mg/d, for 4.7 years (range, 1 to 11 years). Of these 31 patients, 25 completed 18 to 28 months of methotrexate therapy. Intervention: Patients were treated for at least 18 months with low-dose methotrexate (range, 15 to 50 mg/wk). Results: The mean prednisone dose was reduced from 26.9 mg/d to 6.3 mg/d (P = 0.0001) in the 25 patients treated with long-term methotrexate: Fifteen patients discontinued the regular use of prednisone, 9 patients reduced prednisone use by more than 50%, and 1 patient failed to respond. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) improved from 1.7 L/s to 1.9 L/s (P = 0.0513), and subjective symptom scores for breathing ability, cough, wheeze, and frequency of nocturnal awakenings all improved. Adverse drug reactions were noted in 15 patients. These reactions were mild and did not lead to discontinuation of drug therapy. Conclusion: Methotrexate is effective and safe when used as a long-term, corticosteroid-sparing agent in patients with severe bronchial asthma.
Diabetes Control With Reciprocal Peer Support Versus Nurse Care Management
Authors: Michele Heisler, Sandeep Vijan, Fatima Makki, John D. Piette
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Background: Resource barriers complicate diabetes care management. Support from peers may help patients manage their diabetes. Objective: To compare a reciprocal peer-support (RPS) program with nurse care management (NCM). Design: Randomized, controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00320112) Setting: 2 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs health care facilities. Patients: 244 men with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels greater than 7.5% during the previous 6 months. Measurements: The primary outcome was 6-month change in HbA1c level. Secondary outcomes were changes in insulin therapy; blood pressure; and patient reports of medication adherence, diabetes-related support, and emotional distress. Intervention: Patients in the RPS group attended an initial group session to set diabetes-related behavioral goals, receive peer communication skills training, and be paired with another age-matched peer patient. Peers were encouraged to talk weekly using a telephone platform that recorded call occurrence and provided reminders to promote peer contact. These patients could also participate in optional group sessions at 1, 3, and 6 months. Patients in the NCM group attended a 1.5-hour educational session and were assigned to a nurse care manager. Results: Of the 244 patients enrolled, 216 (89%) completed the HbA1c assessments and 231 (95%) completed the survey assessments at 6 months. Mean HbA1c level decreased from 8.02% to 7.73% (change, −0.29%) in the RPS group and increased from 7.93% to 8.22% (change, 0.29%) in the NCM group. The difference in HbA1c change between groups was 0.58% (P = 0.004). Among patients with a baseline HbA1c level greater than 8.0%, those in the RPS group had a mean decrease of 0.88%, compared with a 0.07% decrease among those in the NCM group (between-group difference, 0.81%; P < 0.001). Eight patients in the RPS group started insulin therapy, compared with 1 patient in the NCM group (P = 0.020). Groups did not differ in blood pressure, self-reported medication adherence, or diabetes-specific distress, but the RPS group reported improvement in diabetes social support. Limitation: The study included only male veterans and lasted only 6 months. Conclusion: Reciprocal peer support holds promise as a method for diabetes care management. Primary Funding Source: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service.
US Congress asked to suspend funding for Planned Parenthood
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

What smart beta strategy should investors use and when? The authors search for predictors of value, size, momentum, quality, and minimum-volatility smart beta factors under different economic regimes and market conditions. They find that combining information from several predictors such as business cycle indicators, valuation, relative strength, and dispersion metrics is more effective than using individual predictors. <b>TOPIC:</b>Analysis of individual factors/risk premia
Molecular analysis of original antigenic sin. I. Clonal selection, somatic mutation, and isotype switching during a memory B cell response.
Authors: S Fish, E Zenowich, M Fleming, T Manser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

To determine how the memory B cell population elicited to one epitope might be used in immune responses to other, structurally related epitopes, we explored the phenomenon of original antigenic sin. Strain A/J mice reproducibly respond to immunization with p-azophenylarsonate (Ars) by production of anti-Ars antibodies encoded predominantly by a single VH gene segment (VHIdCR). The structural analogue of Ars p-azophenylsulfonate (Sulf) fails alone to elicit such V regions, but can do so in A/J mice previously immunized with Ars, providing a means to specifically examine B cells capable of responding secondarily to a crossreactive antigen (i.e., memory cells). VHIdCR-expressing hybridomas were derived from the Ars-primed, Sulf-boosted original antigenic sin response of A/J mice at various times after Ars priming, and the properties of the antibodies they express and the structure of the genes encoding these antibodies were characterized. The data obtained support the following conclusions: (a) The Ars-induced memory B cell population capable of being crossreactively stimulated by Sulf is largely formed from a small fraction of all B cells participating in the anti-Ars primary response that express somatically mutated V regions; (b) the antibody repertoire and clonal composition of this population are stable over long periods of time; (c) memory B cells are capable of clonal expansion in the absence of a high rate of V gene somatic mutation; (d) the activation requirements for clonal selection of memory, versus naive B cells appear to differ; and (e) a major fraction of Ars-induced memory B cells express either IgM or IgG3 prior to and during the initial stages of the sin response.
Health service ranked as most violent work environment in Australia
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Increasing violent attacks on health workers and patients have caused the government of New South Wales to introduce a widened security package of closed circuit television (CCTV), emergency alarms, extra lighting, and more security staff.

The state is spending $A32m (£11.5m; $16.5m) over three years as a special taskforce on the prevention and management of violence in the health workplace prepares an interim report for next month.

Last week the Australian newspaper published a horrifying picture of more than 30 weapons, mostly knives, confiscated from the emergency department of St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, in the …
ADDRESS ON STATE MEDICINE.Delivered before the American Medical Association at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting held at Milwaukee, June, 1893.
Authors: WALTER WYMAN
Journal: JAMA (1893)

(<i>Concluded from page 27</i>.) A uniform quarantine coae for the maritime ports of the United States has long been the desire of quarantine and sanitary officers, and heretofore all attempts have been futile. A board of officers of the marine hospital service was summoned to prepare a code. After the rules and regulations had been prepared and before adjournment of the board, a conference was called of the quarantine officers of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts representing the cities and ports of Portland, Boston, Providence, New Haven, New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Wilmington, Del., Baltimore, Norfolk, Wilmington, N. C, Charleston, Savannah, Florida, Mobile, New Orleans and Texas. This conference was called to order the 16th of March and remained in session two days, the first day being devoted to a consideration of the rules which had been prepared, and discussion thereof, with the understanding that there would be no vote.
Christopher Joseph Cahill
Authors: R. Leach
Journal: BMJ (2010)

After being educated at Cranleigh School, Christopher Joseph Cahill (“Joe”) graduated from the University of Cambridge (St John’s) in 1976 and attained FRCS in 1980. His junior posts were in and around south east London before he was appointed to the surgical rotation at Westminster Hospital. In 1993 he was appointed general surgical consultant and director of day surgery to Kingston Hospital.

Joe Cahill had a distinguished CV and was appointed Hunterian professor in 1984 …
Stiff-Man Syndrome — An Autoimmune Disease?
Authors: Robert B. Layzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Stiff-man syndrome is a dramatic central nervous system disease characterized by continuous muscle rigidity and painful spasms, resembling a chronic form of tetanus. The colorful name has achieved wide familiarity, but few physicians have ever encountered a case. Moersch and Woltman1 observed 14 patients with these symptoms at the Mayo Clinic over a period of 32 years, before christening the disorder in print in 1956 — an almost unduplicated instance of self-restraint in medical reporting. Subsequent cases have been reported one or two at a time; the rarity of the disease has made research difficult.The symptoms begin to appear . . .
Unintended allergens in precautionary labelled and unlabelled products pose significant risks to <scp>UK</scp> allergic consumers
Authors: B. C. Remington, J. L. Baumert, W. M. Blom, G. F. Houben, S. L. Taylor, A. G. Kruizinga
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Allergens in food may pose a risk to allergic consumers. While there is EU regulation for allergens present as an ingredient, this is not the case for unintended allergen presence (UAP). Food companies use precautionary allergen labels to inform allergic individuals of a potential risk from UAPs. This study investigates the risk of an allergic reaction within the milk-, wheat-, hazelnut- and peanut-allergic populations when ingesting UK foods across multiple product categories with and without precautionary allergen labelling.Allergen risk assessment using probabilistic techniques enables the estimation of the residual risk after the consumption of a product that unintentionally contains an allergen.Within this selection of UK products, the majority that tested positive for an allergen contained a concentration of allergen predicted to cause a reaction in >1% of the allergic population. The concentrations of allergens measured were greater than the VITAL(®) 2.0 action levels and would trigger precautionary allergen labelling. This was found for products both with and without precautionary allergen labelling.The results highlight the need for the food industry and regulators to adopt a transparent, risk-based approach for the communication of the risk associated with potential cross-contact that could occur in the processing facility or production chain.
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DETERGENTS ON HUMAN EPIDERMIS
Authors: D. C. F. WOOD, F. RAY BETTLEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DETERGENTS ON HUMAN EPIDERMIS Get access D. C. F. WOOD, D. C. F. WOOD Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, (Mr. Wood) and Skin Department, Middlesex Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. RAY BETTLEY F. RAY BETTLEY Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, (Mr. Wood) and Skin Department, Middlesex Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 4, 1 April 1971, Pages 320–325, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14226.x Published: 01 April 1971 Article history Accepted: 27 October 1970 Published: 01 April 1971
Suxamethonium is dangerous in polyneuropathy.
Authors: R J Fergusson, D J Wright, R F Willey, G K Crompton, I W Grant
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Case 1?A 23-year-old woman developed weak arms and legs and diplopia during her second pregnancy. On examination she had a mild peripheral sensory disturbance, definite distal muscle weakness, and absent tendon reflexes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein was 20 g/1. The neuropathy relapsed over the next five years until she presented with deteriorating pulmonary function and an inability to cough due to muscle weakness, for which she required artificial ventilation. She was given atropine and thiopentone to induce anaesthesia and then paralysed with suxamethonium (succinylcholine) before in? tubation. During this procedure she developed a ventricular tachycardia, which returned promptly to sinus rhythm with intravenous lignocaine and DC cardioversion. Case 2?A 42-year-old man presented with paraesthesia in the hands and feet and left-sided facial weakness. Over the next seven months his arms and legs became progressively weak, extending proximally. He was almost completely paralysed in the arms, legs, and trunk and had a peripheral sensory dis? turbance and absent reflexes. CSF protein concentration was raised at 2-84 g/1. Because he could not cough effectively and his respiratory function was deteriorating he required artificial ventilation. He was given atropine 0-3 mg, thiopentone 200 mg, and suxamethonium 75 mg intravenously before intubation. His pulse was lost immediately, and ECG monitoring showed ventricular tachycardia, which progressed to ventricular fibrillation. He was given intravenous lignocaine and cardio verted on four occasions before returning to sinus rhythm. No further arrhythmias were noted. Case 3?A 75-year-old man was admitted with a five-month history of progressive weakness of the legs. On examination he had flaccid paralysis of all muscle groups with absent tendon reflexes. CSF protein concentration was 3-2 g/1. He developed purulent sputum and a chest radiograph showed consolidation in the right lower lobe. Because he was unable to cough and blood gas concentrations were falling he was intubated, artificial
Elastosis in chronic radiodermatitis AN ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY
Authors: M. LEDOUX-CORBUSIER, G. ACHTEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

The electron microscopic study of six cases of chronic radiodermatitis from sun-exposed and unexposed skin, confirms the observation of elastosis previously described with light microscopy. The pathological findings are comparable with those found in actinic elastosis; increased width of the fibres, irregularity of their shape, increased density and granularity of the microfibrils and holes with many lobes in the matrix. The findings may be due to transformation of elastic fibres into elastotic fibres or the formation of dystrophic elastotic fibres by dermal fibroblasts.
Case 8-1975
Authors: Richard C. Pfister, Stephen J. Galli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseA 43-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for the investigation of a mass in the left flank.She was well until two years earlier, when she felt the mass. One year later she consulted a physician, who palpated it; for an unknown reason no further studies were done at that time. Three months before entry a Urinary Tract infection was treated with sulfisoxazole. An intravenous pyelographic examination with nephrotomography disclosed a mass with a suggestion of a thick wall in the lower pole of the left kidney (Fig. 1). The patient was admitted to the hospital . . .