tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelin Antagonism and Interleukin-6 Inhibition Attenuate the Proatherogenic Effects of C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Subodh Verma, Shu-Hong Li, Mitesh V. Badiwala, Richard D. Weisel, Paul W.M. Fedak, Ren-Ke Li, Bikramjit Dhillon, Donald A.G. Mickle
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background — C-reactive protein (CRP) has been suggested to actively participate in the development of atherosclerosis. In the present study, we examined the role of the potent endothelium-derived vasoactive factor endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) as mediators of CRP-induced proatherogenic processes. Methods and Results — Saphenous vein endothelial cells (HSVECs) were incubated with human recombinant CRP (25 μg/mL, 24 hours) and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), and monocyte chemoattractant chemokine-1 was determined. The effects of CRP on LDL uptake were assessed in macrophages using immunofluorescent labeling of CD32 and CD14. In each study, the effect of endothelin antagonism (bosentan) and IL-6 inhibition (monoclonal anti-IL-6 antibodies) was examined. The effects of CRP on the secretion of ET-1 and IL-6 from HSVECs were also evaluated. Incubation of HSVECs with recombinant human CRP resulted in a marked increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression ( P &lt;0.001). Likewise, CRP caused a significant increase in monocyte chemoattractant chemokine-1 production, a key mediator of leukocyte transmigration ( P &lt;0.001). CRP caused a marked and sustained increase in native LDL uptake by macrophages ( P &lt;0.05). These proatherosclerotic effects of CRP were mediated, in part, via increased secretion of ET-1 and IL-6 ( P &lt;0.01) and were attenuated by both bosentan and IL-6 antagonism ( P &lt;0.01). Conclusions — CRP actively promotes a proatherosclerotic and proinflammatory phenotype. These effects are mediated, in part, via the production of ET-1 and IL-6 and are attenuated by mixed ET A/B receptor antagonism and IL-6 inhibition. Bosentan may be useful in decreasing CRP-mediated vascular disease.
The Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines Null Promoter Variant Does Not Influence HIV-1 Acquisition or Disease Progression
Authors: Nicole M. Walley, Boris Julg, Samuel P. Dickson, Jacques Fellay, Dongliang Ge, Bruce D. Walker, Mary Carrington, Myron S. Cohen, Paul I.W. de Bakker, David B. Goldstein, Kevin V. Shianna, Barton F. Haynes, Norman L. Letvin, Andrew J. McMichael, Nelson L. Michael, Amy C. Weintrob
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Effects of C1 esterase inhibitor administration on intestinal functional capillary density, leukocyte adherence and mesenteric plasma extravasation during experimental endotoxemia
Authors: Christian Lehmann, Jürgen Birnbaum, Carsten Lührs, Oskar Rückbeil, Claudia Spies, Sabine Ziemer, Matthias Gründling, Dragan Pavlovic, Taras Usichenko, Michael Wendt, Wolfgang J. Kox
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2004)
A National Health Program for the United States
Authors: DAVID U. HIMMELSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1987A National Health Program for the United StatesDAVID U. HIMMELSTEIN, M.D., STEFFIE WOOLHANDLER, M.D., M.P.H.DAVID U. HIMMELSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STEFFIE WOOLHANDLER, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-783_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn her thoughtful article on health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and elderly persons, Gillick (1) cites our study (2) to support the notion that HMOs save money on administration. Our report documented that administration accounts for 22% of health spending in the United States, compared with 8% in Canada, and 6% in the United Kingdom. We are unaware of any evidence indicating that HMOs are currently cheaper to administer than is fee-for-service medicine. Administrative costs of HMOs may in fact be higher because of the rising costs of marketing and the amount of bureaucracy that is needed both to exclude patients...References1. GILLICK M. The impact of health maintenance organizations on geriatric care. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:139-43. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HIMMELSTEINWOOLHANDLER DS. Cost without benefit: administrative waste in U.S. health care. NEnglJMed. 1986;314:441-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. WAREBROOKROGERS JRW. Comparison of health outcomes at a health maintenance organization with those of fee-for-service care. Lancet. 1986;1:1017-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Cambridge Hospital, Harvard Medical School Cambridge, MA 02139 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1987Volume 106, Issue 5Page: 783-783KeywordsElderlyHealth maintenance organizations Issue Published: 1 May 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
P2-13-10: Detection, Visualization and High Resolution Physical Mapping of Large Rearrangements by Molecular Combing in the Hereditary Breast Cancer Genes BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Authors: M Ceppi, E Roleau, K Cheeseman, A Thomas, A Briaux, C Lefol, P Walrafen, A Bensimon, R Lidereau, E Conseiller
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved, with high penetrance, in breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility. About 2% to 4% of breast cancer patients with a positive family history who are negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 point mutations can be expected to carry large genomic alterations (deletion or duplication) in one of the two genes, and especially BRCA1. However, large rearrangements are missed by direct sequencing. Molecular Combing is a powerful FISH-based technique for direct visualization of single DNA molecules, allowing the entire genome to be examined at high resolution in a single analysis. We have developed a novel genetic test based on Molecular Combing. For that purpose, we designed specific BRCA1 and BRCA2 “Genomic Morse Codes” (GMC), also covering the non-coding regions and including large genomic portions flanking both genes. We developed a measurement strategy for the GMC signals, and validated our approach by blindly testing 10 breast cancer patients with a positive family history and 10 control patients. Large rearrangements, corresponding to deletions and duplications of one or several exons and with sizes ranging from 3 kb to 40 kb, were detected on both genes, including the characterization of 4 new mutations (for BRCA1: Del ex 3, Del ex 24 and Dup ex 3; for BRCA2: Dup ex 17–20). The identified mutations confirmed the results obtained with high-resolution zoom-in aCGH (11 k) in the same patients, with a resolution in the 1–2 kb range. Importantly, the developed GMC allowed to unambiguously localize several tandem repeat duplications on both genes, and to precisely map large rearrangements in the problematic Alu-rich 5'-region of BRCA1. We propose the developed Molecular Combing genetic test as a valuable tool for the screening of tandem repeat duplications, CNVs, and other complex rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2, such as translocations and inversions, to be combined in clinical settings with an essay that allows the detection of point mutations. We see the main application of the developed molecular diagnostic tool as a predictive genetic test. However, we envisage to extended the application of the developed tool as a companion diagnostic test, for instance in the screening of BRCA-mutated cells in the context of the development of PARP inhibitors. Thus, the genetic test may be applied not only to clinical blood samples, but also to circulating cells and heterogeneous cell populations, such as tumor tissues. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-10.
ELECTROCAUTERY IN AFFECTIONS OF THE LIDS AND OF THE CORNEA.
Authors: FLAVEL B. TIFFANY
Journal: JAMA (1900)

vance of the rest of the examination that the subject would fail to make out the colors of the test.This symptom was present in many cases where the men were heavy chewers of tobacco, even when there was very little other evidence of infection.It would be well to mention here that in some cases this contraction is so pronounced that it is impossible to illuminate the eye chamber suffi- ciently to make an examination of its fundus by means of the ophthalmoscope.All the symptoms mentioned are more marked in the ease of chewers of tobacco than in smokers.This we can probably explain by the fact that in the case of chewing more nicotin is absorbed than in the case of smoking, for in the latter a great part of this poisonous agent is volatilized by the heat and es- capes with the smoke; while in the former most of it is directly absorbed into the circulation through the blood- vessels of the mouth and tongue.
PAX8 mutations associated with congenital hypothyroidism caused by thyroid dysgenesis
Authors: Paolo Emidio Macchia, Paola Lapi, Heiko Krude, Maria Teresa Pirro, Caterina Missero, Luca Chiovato, Abdallah Souabni, Mariangiola Baserga, Vittorio Tassi, Aldo Pinchera, Gianfranco Fenzi, Annette Grüters, Meinrad Busslinger, Roberto Di Lauro
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Relationship Between A Range of Tissue Temperature and Local Oxygen Uptake in the Human Forearm. II. Changes Observed After Arterial Occlusion, in the Period of Reactive Hyperemia12
Authors: David I. Abramson, Alan Kahn, Habib Rejal, George A. Turman, Samuel Tuck, Clara J. Fleischer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)

It is generally accepted that the magnitude of the hyperemic response which follows deprivation of local circulation is related to the metabolic needs of the involved tissues (1-3). However, as has already been pointed out (4), conclusions regarding oxygen consumption cannot be based on blood flow measurements alone. In the present investigation, therefore, it was decided to study the excess oxygen uptake of the tissues of the forearm (exclusive of bone) after a period of arterial occlusion, using the Fick principle. Furthermore, it was considered of interest to determine whether or not an experimentally produced alteration in tissue temperature influenced the magnitude of the oxygen repayment during reactive hyperemia in the same manner as has been reported in the case of oxygen uptake of resting tissues (4).
The Ethical Validity of Using Nuclear Transfer in Human Transplantation
Authors: Robert P. Lanza
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Treatment of Obesity in Adults
Authors: John F. Stoll
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  The Council on Scientific Affairs' 1 conclusions regarding the need for medical supervision and a long-term maintenance program as part of a very-low-energy diet are well accepted. I cannot accept the conclusion that this method of treatment should be limited to those who are 40% over their desirable weight. This recommendation would prohibit from participation, for example, the 158-cm (5-ft 3-in) tall woman weighing 75 kg (166 lb) (30% over desirable weight) who has been unable to lose more than 4 kg (10 lb) with diets that restrict energy intake. The argument would be even stronger if this individual already has any of the numerous morbidities associated with obesity.
Depressive Illness and Aggression in Belfast
Authors: D. Walsh
Journal: BMJ (1972)

the dose we prescribed facilitate further rehabilitation of the patients.Our experience, however, does confinn the findings of other workers that very large doses of the drug do not produce any parallel increase in iatrogenic Parkinsonian symptoms.We felt reluctant to inject the drug more frequently than once a week.The advantage of a longacting parenteral phenothiazine drug lies in its infrequent administration.Daily injection at the dose suggested by Kline et al. negates any advantage that parenteral therapy may have over oral phenothiazines.-Weare, etc.,
Health and Disease—Successful and Unsuccessful Adaptation.
Authors: Bernard C. Holland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Health and Disease—Successful and Unsuccessful Adaptation.Bernard C. Holland, M.D.Bernard C. Holland, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1067_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHealth depends upon successful physiological and psychological adaptation to the environment. This includes successful adaptation to stress outside of the organism and maintenance of homeostasis within the organism. Good physical health is characterized by the ability to function, accompanied by a sense of well-being, zest, and freedom from symptoms. Good mental health is characterized by the ability to deal effectively with ordinary problems of work, love, and play, accompanied by a sense of high self-esteem, self-confidence, and freedom from symptoms. At a physical level, symptoms such as chronic pain or shortness of breath indicate adaptive failure. At the psychological level,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Bernard C. Holland, M.D.Affiliations: Atlanta, Georgia PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1067-1067KeywordsDyspneaPsychiatry and mental health ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: H. Ruppin, G. Lux
Journal: Endoscopy (1986)

A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was performed in 19 patients with cancers of head or neck. A commercially available gastrostomy set was used, but slight modifications were necessary in 4 patients. No serious complications were observed. The correct position and lack of any leak of gastric contents was verified by fluoroscopy in each case. These results confirm the experience of other groups, showing that the present technique of the PEG is reasonably safe and easy to perform.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF INFECTING DOSAGE, LEUCOCYTIC RESPONSE, BACTEREMIA, AND EXTENT OF PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT TO THE OUTCOME OF EXPERIMENTAL LOBAR PNEUMONIA IN THE DOG
Authors: O. H. Robertson, John P. Fox
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1939)

The present study comprises observations on the course and outcome of experimentally produced Type I pneumococcus lobar pneumonia in dogs. It was found that within certain limits of dosage the outcome of the disease was closely related to the amount of culture and the volume of the starch inoculum employed. The much higher mortality rate resulting from simply increasing the volume of starch in which the pneumococci were suspended, appeared to be due chiefly to the greater area of lung tissue initially involved. Certain striking relationships were observed to exist between the leucocytic response, extent of pulmonary involvement, bacteremia and outcome. Marked changes in the number of white blood cells at end of the first 24 hours of the disease provided more valuable prognostic information than either the blood culture or the size of the lesion. Dogs showing high white counts at this stage seldom succumbed, while absence of leucocytosis and leucopenia were associated with a mortality which increased with the diminishing numbers of circulating white blood cells. Over 90 per cent of the animals with counts of less than 2,000 cells per c. mm. died. The extent of the pulmonary lesion was likewise observed to bear a direct relationship to death rate. With the lesion confined to a single lobe the mortality was only 1 per cent. Spread to other lobes was accompanied by a sharply rising death rate until it reached 98 per cent in dogs with three-fourths the lung field involved. Increasing occurrence of bacteremia paralleled both the decreasing white counts and the extending pulmonary lesions and subsequent to the 24 hour stage of the disease the presence or absence of pneumococci in the blood appears to be of more significance, in relation to outcome, than either of these two other factors. Even in the presence of leucopenia and an extensive lesion the animal might survive provided the blood remained sterile.
Cancer money siphoned off to pay debts
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Money promised to improve cancer care has been “purloined” by NHS trusts to pay their debts, according to a report by the Commons Select Committee on Science and Technology.

About half of the sum delivered as part of the government's cancer plan—£280m ($400m; €450) of £570m—has disappeared into the health service without any noticeable benefit to patients, said the MPs.

The committee also questioned whether the government has kept its promise to match charitable spending on cancer research, dismissing as creative accounting the health department's claim to be spending £190m …
Specific lipase-responsive polymer-coated gadolinium nanoparticles for MR imaging of early acute pancreatitis
Authors: Hong-Wu Zhang, Li-Qin Wang, Qing-Feng Xiang, Qian Zhong, Lu-Ming Chen, Cai-Xia Xu, Xian-Hong Xiang, Bo Xu, Fei Meng, Yi-Qian Wan, David Y.B. Deng
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
The Determination of Sex.
Authors: Edward P. Morrow
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Canton, Ohio, March, 9, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Since you have considered it of sufficient importance to give editorial space to an article on the above subject, it may be of interest to know of a case where, for extra-uterine pregnancy, it was necessary, in the laparotomy done for relief, to remove the left Fallopian tube and ovary. This woman, with a right ovary intact and a left ovary removed, has since given birth to two children, with an interval of several years between births. The first child was a female, the second a male. One would think that in this day there would be a sufficient number of mono-ovarian women giving birth to children, for one wishing to lay down a scientific theory, based on the hypothesis of ovarian determination of sex, to have led to an investigation of that phase of the subject for facts. Very truly,
Report on Aortocoronary Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Richard J. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The American Medical Association's newest Council on Scientific Affairs (CSA) has come to age after three years of activity. After much discussion within the CSA and the AMA Board of Trustees, this Council has decided to enter the arena of health care technology assessment to deal with selected controversial procedures. In an effort to provide a voice that can speak with authority from the private sector on recent advances in medical procedures, the CSA has accepted the mandate to coordinate a program that will look, from time to time, at controversial medical procedures that have a broad impact on medicine. It plans to do this, henceforth, with the official help and advice of the various medical specialty organizations that may have an interest as determined through the agency of the AMA Interspecialty Advisory Board. A good example of the statements it plans to make is the report that appears in
Effects of Norepinephrine and Sympathetic Stimulation on Extraction of Oxygen and <sup>86</sup> Rb in Perfused Canine Small Bowel
Authors: A. PITT SHEPHERD, DAVID MAILMAN, THOMAS F. BURKS, HARRIS J. GRANGER
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

Previous studies have shown that sympathetic stimulation can cause a redistribution of intestinal capillary blood flow. Our computer model of the intestinal circulation predicted that the diffusion parameters (e.g., capillary surface area and mean capillaryto-cell diffusion distance) altered by precapillary sphincter closure would be sufficient to affect intestinal oxygen extraction. To test this prediction in an animal model, we made continuous measurements of arteriovenous oxygen difference (ΔO 2 ) and perfusion pressure during constant-flow perfusion of isolated loops of canine small bowel. Intraarterial infusion of norepinephrine or stimulation of sympathetic nerves for 7 minutes produced sustained increases in vascular resistance and sustained reductions in arteriovenous ΔO 2 . Maximal changes in resistance and arteriovenous ΔO 2 occurred by the second minute of norepinephrine or sympathetic nerve stimulation, and subsequently both parameters escaped somewhat. The maximal and steady-state values of these parameters were dose-dependent or frequency-dependent. In other experiments, sympathetic nerve stimulation caused synchronous decreases in arteriovenous ΔO 2 and 86 Rb extraction. These results support the hypothesis that the infusion of norepinephrine and the stimulation of sympathetic nerves cause sustained reductions in the density of the perfused capillary bed which are sufficient to reduce intestinal extraction of Rb and oxygen despite constant-flow perfusion.
Abstract 328: Novel quantitative autophagy analysis by organelle flow cytometry after cell sonication
Authors: Michael Degtyarev, Mike Reichelt, Kui Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Autophagy is a dynamic process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins and organelles in lysosomes. Current methods of autophagy measurement include microscopy-based counting of autophagic vacuoles (AVs) in cells. We have developed a novel method to quantitatively analyze individual AVs using flow cytometry. This method, OFACS (organelle flow after cell sonication), takes advantage of efficient cell disruption with a brief sonication, generating cell homogenates with fluorescently labeled AVs that retain their integrity as confirmed with light and electron microscopy analysis. These AVs could be detected directly in the sonicated cell homogenates on a flow cytometer as a distinct population of expected organelle size on a cytometry plot. Treatment of cells with inhibitors of autophagic flux, such as chloroquine or lysosomal protease inhibitors, increased the number of particles in this population under autophagy inducing conditions, while inhibition of autophagy induction with 3-methyladenine or knockdown of ATG proteins prevented this accumulation. This assay can be easily performed in a high-throughput format and opens up previously unexplored avenues for autophagy analysis. Citation Format: Michael Degtyarev, Mike Reichelt, Kui Lin. Novel quantitative autophagy analysis by organelle flow cytometry after cell sonication. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 328. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-328