tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A NON-VIRULENT, SINGLE-DOSE RABIES VACCINE FOR PROPHYLACTIC IMMUNIZATION OF DOGS
Authors: L. T. Webster, J. Casals
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Our studies on rabies vaccines thus far have led us to the view that in order to develop and test vaccines, quantitative methods are necessary, and that such quantitative methods may be exploited to greatest advantage by using mice, preferably W-Swiss, as the test animal. Dogs, due to their variability and susceptibility to intercurrent infections when kept under experimental conditions, are useful chiefly to check whether or not a vaccine produces a high grade of immunity; they remain of limited value in testing the comparative potencies of weak vaccines. A second point is that the Pasteur strain of virus has proved as potent as any tested for the preparation of vaccines. Another point is that virus material for preparing vaccines must titre at least 330,000 mouse doses per cc. to be effective. This requirement has eliminated all culture vaccines thus far reported, with the possible exception of Plotz's (7) and leaves virus-containing brain tissue as the sole potent source of vaccine. In summary, we believe that a single injection of non-virulent irradiated vaccine, prepared as herein described, immunizes mice and dogs effectively against a subsequent test inoculation of virulent rabies virus and does so to a greater degree than do other vaccines now obtainable. It is easily and quickly prepared, keeps well, and has a low nitrogen content.
DRAINAGE OF THE GALLBLADDER
Authors: Charles W. Moots
Journal: JAMA (1925)

As the technic presented here has never come to the notice of myself or my local friends, it may be of interest to the profession generally. I have used it in cases demanding drainage of the gallbladder when the much preferred operation of cholecystectomy was frankly contraindicated.  A man, aged 44, with a typical history of attacks of gallstone colic, was operated on, Aug. 20, 1925, at Mercy Hospital. When the abdomen was opened, the gallbladder looked and felt healthy, except that it contained five stones. The appendix was found to be in a state of subacute inflammation. What was more serious was the finding of the entire pancreas fully 50 per cent. increased in size, the surface being smooth, however.  The latter finding decided against removal of the gallbladder, and after the stones were removed, it was drained with three-fourths inch rubber tube, well held in by two rows
Two cases of delayed granulomatous reactions to the cosmetic filler Dermalive<sup>®</sup>, a hyaluronic acid and acrylic hydrogel
Authors: J.E. Angus, A.G. Affleck, I.H. Leach, L.G. Millard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Two cases of delayed granulomatous reactions to the cosmetic filler Dermalive®, a hyaluronic acid and acrylic hydrogel Get access J.E. Angus, J.E. Angus Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: janeteangus@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.G. Affleck, A.G. Affleck Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: janeteangus@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.H. Leach, I.H. Leach Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: janeteangus@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.G. Millard L.G. Millard Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: janeteangus@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 5, 1 November 2006, Pages 1077–1078, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07482.x Published: 01 November 2006
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IVA is overexpressed in patients with persistent asthma and regulated by the promoter microsatellites
Authors: Milena Sokolowska, Joanna Stefanska, Karolina Wodz-Naskiewicz, Malgorzata Cieslak, Rafal Pawliczak
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Inflammatory bowel disease: a personal view
Authors: J E Lennard-Jones
Journal: Gut (1988)

SIR,-We thank Drs Kochlar, Rajwanshi, and Mehta for their interest in our paper, and we look forward to reading their results when published.They correctly point out that since our paper was accepted Lange et al have published the results of a similar technique, although with a poor yield of readable samples.We believe our method of gentle movement of the needle tip in the specimen is helpful in increasing the amount of sample obtained, and
Legal Systems in the United States
Authors: Harry L. Arnold
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Angela Roddey Holder (230:1327, 1974) attributed to Charles Dickens a statement made by one of his characters, the beadle, in<i>Oliver Twist</i>, and she cleaned up the grammar a little bit. What the beadle, Mr. Bumble, said was actually "The law is a ass, a idiot." And sometimes it surely is—even if it is, as Ms. Holder shows, "a system, not a collection of traps and snares."
German prosecutors probe again into bribes by drug companies
Authors: Jane Burgermeister
Journal: BMJ (2004)

German prosecutors are investigating whether pharmaceutical companies gave bribes to hospital doctors to boost the use of their drugs.

Munich state prosecutors confirmed that they have searched the offices of a pharmaceutical company in the city, seizing files.

And according to a report in the regional daily newspaper Westfalen-Blatt (19 May), state prosecutors are investigating seven to nine pharmaceutical companies in Germany.

Raids were carried out on the offices of companies in Frankfurt and Darmstadt. Anton Winkler, …
NIH Intramural Program Endangered
Authors: Lawrence D. Grouse
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The program of intramural research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) could be seriously damaged by 1982 unless the sprawling Bethesda, Md, facility can curtail its expenditures. Dr Robert Goldberger, NIH Deputy Director for Science, estimates that with President Carter's 1981 budget increase of less than 4% for the Bethesda-based institutes (which will result in an approximate 10% drop in overall buying power), such obligated costs as salaries will commit a dangerously high proportion of the intramural budget and lead to severe financial pressures on the NIH mission. It appears that extramural funding for 1981 will stress support for investigator-initiated research grants, allowing approximately an 11% increase in this area, with the boost for intramural research lagging far behind.  What consequences will the contraction of intramural NIH's scientific mission have on US medical practice and medical education? Consider the large number of well-trained researchers and clinicians who served their
Abstract 3203: The tri-snRNP spliceosome complex is required for MYC-dependent cancer growth.
Authors: Adam Adler, Zhaoshi Jiang, Mark McCleland, Elizabeth Blackwood, Sharon Yee, Benjamin Haley, Jean-Philippe Stephan, Sofia Hussain, Vivek Chopra, Ron Firestein
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Spliceosome coordinated RNA splicing is an essential cellular process that can generate an immensely diverse repertoire of RNA. While cancer cells have been known to hijack this process to generate splice forms with oncogenic function, the specific role of spliceosome components in this process is not well understood. In this study, we use an integrative genomic approach to identify PRPF6, a member of the tri-snRNP spliceosome complex as essential for colon cancer growth. We show that, in addition to PRPF6, other tri-snRNP components are coordinately overexpressed or amplified in cancer cells. Inhibition of the tri-snRNP complex, but not other spliceosome components, abrogated cancer cell growth only in dependent cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. High resolution transcriptome analysis reveals that the tri-snRNP complex binds and regulates the splicing of a relatively small number of genes, many of which are transcriptional targets of the c-MYC oncogene. Intriguingly, many components of the tri-snRNP complex are mutated in a genetic form of Retinitis Pigmentosa. This genetic corollary suggests that the tri-snRNP complex is necessary in specific cellular contexts that may depend on the proper transcription and splicing of a tri-snRNP regulated set of genes. Citation Format: Adam Adler, Zhaoshi Jiang, Mark McCleland, Elizabeth Blackwood, Sharon Yee, Benjamin Haley, Jean-Philippe Stephan, Sofia Hussain, Vivek Chopra, Ron Firestein. The tri-snRNP spliceosome complex is required for MYC-dependent cancer growth. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3203. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3203 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
It is Time for Universal Access, Not Universal Insurance
Authors: James S. Todd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

An editorial by Relman proclaims, "Universal Health Insurance: Its Time Has Come."1 Other recent Journal articles recommend various consumerchoice health care systems,2 , 3 and the report of the National Leadership Commission on Health Care proposes what is essentially a national health insurance scheme.4 I submit, instead, that the idea whose time has come is universal access to care — not through universal insurance that is funded from a central source or tightly controlled by forces other than medical need, but through a pluralistic delivery system.Universal health insurance is not a good idea. To control goods or services through a single . . .
Scores of Scores
Authors: Louis R. Caplan
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2012)

<h3>Background: </h3>We sought to develop and validate a simple clinical prediction rule for death and severe disability after acute ischemic stroke that can be used by general clinicians at the time of hospital admission.<h3>Methods: </h3>We analyzed data from a registry of 9847 patients (4943 in the derivation cohort and 4904 in the validation cohort) hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke and included in the Registry of the Canadian Stroke Network (July 1, 2003, to March 31, 2008; 11 regional stroke centers in Ontario, Canada). Outcome measures were 30-day and 1-year mortality and a modified Rankin score of 5 to 6 at discharge.<h3>Results: </h3>Overall 30-day mortality was 11.5% (derivation cohort) and 13.5% (validation cohort). In the final multivariate model, we included 9 clinical variables that could be categorized as preadmission comorbidities (5 points for preadmission dependence [1.5], cancer [1.5], congestive heart failure [1.0], and atrial fibrillation [1.0]), level of consciousness (5 points for reduced level of consciousness), age (10 points, 1 point/decade), and neurologic focal deficit (5 points for significant/total weakness of the leg [2], weakness of the arm [2], and aphasia or neglect [1]). Maximum score is 25. In the validation cohort, the PLAN score (derived from preadmission comorbidities, level of consciousness, age, and neurologic deficit) predicted 30-day mortality (C statistic, 0.87), death or severe dependence at discharge (0.88), and 1-year mortality (0.84). The PLAN score also predicted favorable outcome (modified Rankin score, 0-2) at discharge (C statistic, 0.80).<h3>Conclusions: </h3>The PLAN clinical prediction rule identifies patients who will have a poor outcome after hospitalization for acute ischemic stroke. The score comprises clinical data available at the time of admission and may be determined by nonspecialist clinicians. Additional studies to independently validate the PLAN rule in different populations and settings are required.
Classification of cannabis and ecstasy in the UK
Authors: C. Blakemore
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The government’s decisions compromise its commitment to evidence based policy

In the United Kingdom medicinal drugs and treatments are regulated through the 1968 Medicines Act and illegal drugs through the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act. The Misuse of Drugs Act defines controlled substances on the basis of their potential harm, taking no account of benefits that users might claim. The distinction between medicines and illicit drugs is, of course, not sharp, and many valuable medicines (including Ritalin, GBH (γ hydroxybutyrate), tranquillisers, and analgesics) turn into dangerous killers when they escape on to the streets.

The Misuse of Drugs Act established the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) “to keep under review the situation in the United Kingdom with respect to drugs which are being or appear to them likely to be misused and of which the misuse is having or appears to them capable of having harmful effects sufficient to constitute a social problem.” The council currently has 33 appointed and co-opted members, with expertise in pharmacology, psychiatry, public health, drug charities, schools, mental health, and forensics. On the basis of extensive reviews and consultations, these experts advise the government on which drugs should be controlled and on their classification as A, B, or C, according to the burden of harm.

Several drugs have …
Homoarginine, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mortality
Authors: Winfried März, Andreas Meinitzer, Christiane Drechsler, Stefan Pilz, Vera Krane, Marcus E. Kleber, Joachim Fischer, Bernhard R. Winkelmann, Bernhard O. Böhm, Eberhard Ritz, Christoph Wanner
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Homoarginine is an amino acid derivative that may increase nitric oxide availability and enhance endothelial function. The effect of the level of homoarginine on cardiovascular outcome and mortality is unknown.We assessed cardiovascular and all-cause mortality according to homoarginine levels in a cohort of 3,305 subjects referred for coronary angiography from the LUdwigshafen RIsk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. After investigating the relation of homoarginine with kidney function and markers of endothelial dysfunction, we explored its effects on adverse outcomes in a second high-risk cohort of 1244 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving maintenance hemodialysis (4D study [Die Deutsche Diabetes Dialyse Studie]). In the LURIC study, mean serum homoarginine levels were 2.6+/-1.1 micromol/L. During a median follow-up of 7.7 years, 766 patients died. After adjustments for age and sex, patients in the lowest quartile (<1.85 micromol/L) had a >4-fold higher rate of dying of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval 3.0 to 5.7) than patients in the highest quartile (>3.1 micromol/L). Lower homoarginine levels were associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Hemodialysed patients had lower mean homoarginine levels of 1.2+/-0.5 micromol/L and experienced a 5-fold increased mortality rate compared with LURIC patients (608 deaths during a median follow-up of 4 years). Homoarginine consistently affected mortality, which was 2-fold higher in 4D study patients in the lowest quartile (<0.87 micromol/L) than in patients in the highest quartile (>1.4 micromol/L).Homoarginine levels are independently associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography and in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Future studies are needed to elucidate the underlying pathomechanisms.
Brucellosis: Appearance on Skeletal Imaging
Authors: R H BAHAR, A R AL-SUHAILI, A M M0USA, M K NAWAZ, N KADDAH, H M ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Brucellosis is an endemic disease in the Middle East. Its incidence in Kuwait has increased during the last 5 years. Bone and joint involvement causes major symptoms and disabilities. Radionuclide bone scans are more sensitive than radiographs in detecting these lesions. The aim of this study is to describe the abnormal patterns detected on bone imaging in acute and chronic brucellosis. Tc-99m MDP bone scans of 56 patients with established diagnosis of brucellosis (19 acute and 37 chronic) were retrospectively analyzed. Bone scans were positive in 8 of 19 patients (42%) with acute brucellosis and in 28 of 37 patients (76%) with chronic brucellosis. Six patterns were observed: involvement of an entire body of one or more vertebrae, especially at the lumbar region (50%); sacroiliitis (41%); focal high uptake at the junction of the upper and lateral margins of the vertebra "Caries sign" (27%); multiple costovertebral joints and costochondral junction involvement (19%); involvement of large joints similar to degenerative osteoarthritis (25%); and focal involvement of long bone (11%).
Hdac3 Is Essential for the Maintenance of Chromatin Structure and Genome Stability
Authors: Srividya Bhaskara, Sarah K. Knutson, Guochun Jiang, Mahesh B. Chandrasekharan, Andrew J. Wilson, Siyuan Zheng, Ashwini Yenamandra, Kimberly Locke, Jia-ling Yuan, Alyssa R. Bonine-Summers, Christina E. Wells, Jonathan F. Kaiser, M. Kay Washington, Zhongming Zhao, Florence F. Wagner, Zu-Wen Sun, Fen Xia, Edward B. Holson, Dineo Khabele, Scott W. Hiebert
Journal: Cancer Cell (2010)
Prognostic Stratification of Stage IIIA pN2 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Hierarchical Clustering Analysis of Tissue Microarray Immunostaining Data: An Alpe Adria Thoracic Oncology Multidisciplinary Group Study (ATOM 014)
Authors: Francesco Grossi, Riccardo Spizzo, Domenico Bordo, Veronica Cacitti, Francesca Valent, Ciro Rossetto, Alessandro Follador, Silvia Di Terlizzi, Marianna Aita, Angelo Morelli, Gianpiero Fasola, Clara Consiglieri, Tino Ceschia, Carlo A. Beltrami, Ornella Belvedere
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
235 MODULATION OF ERK PHOSPHORYLATION BY GINSENG EXTRACT (GE) AFFECTS SORAFENIB SUSCEPTIBILITY IN HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES AND IN VIVO ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: N.H. Lee, M.K. Kim, H.J. Park, J.S. Rho, H.Y. Woo, J. Heo, G.T. Yoon, M. Cho, T.H. Hwang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Ga-67 Scintigraphy in Primary Cervical Lymphoma
Authors: Shung-Shung Sun, Chun-Yi Lin, Feng-Ju Chuang, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Isolated lymphomatous involvement of the female genital organs is rare, accounting for approximately 1% of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Ga-67 is the classic radionuclide for detecting malignant lymphoma. In the current report, the authors describe an unusual case of primary cervical lymphoma detected by Ga-67 scintigraphy.
Generation of a Stable Cell Line Producing High-Titer Self-Inactivating Lentiviral Vectors
Authors: Kailin Xu, Hong Ma, Thomas J. McCown, Inder M. Verma, Tal Kafri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

To facilitate the generation of SIN lentivirus vector-producer cell lines, we have developed a novel conditional SIN (cSIN) lentivirus vector, which retains its SIN properties in normal target cells yet can be produced at high titers from tetracycline-regulated packaging cell lines. The design of the cSIN vector is based on replacing the vector U3 transcription regulatory elements with the Tet-responsive element, which allows vector production exclusively in cells expressing the synthetic Tet-regulated transactivator (tTA). In contrast minimal vector production (∼200 IU/ml) is obtained in target cells that do not express the tTA, even in the presence of all HIV-1 proteins. Following transduction of the Tet-regulated SODk1 lentivirus vector-packaging cell line with the cSIN vector, high titers of cSIN recombinant vector (>106 IU/ml) could be generated, which efficiently transduced terminally differentiated neurons in normal rat brain.
David Sells Hurwood
Authors: Richard S Hurwood
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former general practitioner Syston, Leicestershire (b 1924; q Guy's Hospital, London, 1949; FRCGP), died from cerebrovascular disease on 22 May 2005.​2005.




Figure 1




In 1945, while still a medical student, David volunteered for service in Europe at Belsen concentration camp. Upon his return it was discovered that he had contracted tuberculosis and at one stage he was not expected to survive. In 1953 he entered general practice in Syston. Seventeen years later the practice moved into a new health centre, the first in Leicestershire. During David's 35 years in practice, the patient list size increased from 7000 to over 11 000. He was a freemason and a founder member of the Royal College of General Practitioners. He leaves a wife, Mary; two children; and two grandchildren.
Government takes lessons from medicine to embed evidence into policies
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Randomised controlled trials have a lot to offer to public policy making, a senior Cabinet Office official told a meeting in London on 10 October.

David Halpern, director of the government’s Behavioural Insight Team, gave as an example a trial in which a variety of different approaches were compared to see which was most effective in persuading people to sign the organ donor register. The traditional appeal, a simple request saying “Please join the organ donor register” printed on a form that people could complete if they wanted to comply, was used as a control in a trial in which various other forms of words and pictures were tried in an attempt to make the message more effective.

These included versions saying that every day thousands of people joined the register, that every day three people died waiting for an organ, and that organs from a single donor could …
Ischemic mitral regurgitation is independent of papillary muscle dysfunction: clinical demonstration by quantitative echocardiography in patients with inferior myocardial infarction
Authors: Takeshi Uemura, Yutaka Otsuji, Toshiro Kumanohoso, Shiro Yoshifuku, Akira Kisanuki, Shinichi Minagoe, Robert A. Levine, Chuwa Tei
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Site of Airway Obstruction in Asthma as Determined by Measuring Maximal Expiratory Flow Breathing Air and a Helium-Oxygen Mixture
Authors: P. J. Despas, M. Leroux, P. T. Macklem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Because maximum expiratory flow-volume rates in normal subjects are dependent on gas density, the resistance between alveoli and the point at which dynamic compression begins (R(us)) is mostly due to convective acceleration and turbulence. We measured maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves in asthmatics and chronic bronchitics breathing air and He-O(2). In the latter and in some asthmatics, MEFV curves did not change, indicating that R(us) is mostly due to laminar flow. Therefore, the point at which dynamic compression begins must be further upstream than in normal subjects and the site of obstruction must be in small airways. In other asthmatics, flow increased normally indicating obstruction in larger airways. The response to He-O(2) did not correlate with initial values of pulmonary resistance, the initial MEFV curves or the response to bronchodilators. We conclude that the site of airway obstruction varies among asthmatics and that the site of obstruction is not detectable by measurement of the usual parameters of lung mechanics.
Passive smoking may harm babies in utero
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Prenatal exposure to passive cigarette smoke can cause potentially carcinogenic mutations, according to a recent study.

Although it is widely accepted that active smoking is carcinogenic in adults, this study ( Nature Medicine 1998;4:1144-51) is the first to show that cigarette induced genetic alterations may occur in utero and that maternal exposure to passive smoke is sufficient to induce these mutations. Recently, researchers reported that they had found byproducts of …