tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Osler. Regius Professor of Medicine, Oxford
Authors: G. Pickering
Journal: JAMA (1969)

William Osler spent the last 15 years of his life at Oxford, from his arrival in May 1905 until his death at 4:30 on the afternoon of Dec 29, 1919. His funeral was in the Chapel and Cathedral at Christ Church on the afternoon of Jan 1, 1920. The Regius Chair of Medicine to which Osler was invited is an ancient and honorific office. It was one of the chairs founded by King Henry VIII in 1546. It ranks as the second or third senior chair in the University, the senior chair being the Regius Chair of Divinity, the next two being those of Civil Law and Medicine. Osler's immediate predecessor was Sir John Burdon Sanderson, who had been the first Professor of Physiology in the University. Sanderson had been preceded by Sir Henry Acland, who had been instrumental in the resurrection of science in Oxford in the mid nineteenth
Implication of interleukin 18 in production of matrix metalloproteinases in articular chondrocytes in arthritis: direct effect on chondrocytes may not be pivotal
Authors: S-M Dai
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To clarify the effect of interleukin (IL) 18 on cartilage degeneration by studying the profile of IL18 receptor (IL18R) on chondrocytes and the direct effect of IL18 on production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), aggrecanases, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in articular chondrocytes. <b>Methods:</b> Monolayer cultured human articular chondrocytes were isolated from non-arthritic subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. Gene expression of IL18, IL18Rα, IL18Rβ, MMPs, and aggrecanases was detected by RT-PCR. Protein levels of IL18Rα were analysed by flow cytometry. Protein levels of IL18, MMPs, and TIMPs were measured by ELISA. Aggrecanase-2 mRNA expression was quantitatively analysed by real time RT-PCR. Protein level<b>s</b> of signalling molecules were assayed by western blotting. <b>Results:</b> IL18 mRNA was constitutively expressed in chondrocytes, and was enhanced by IL1β stimulation. Flow cytometric analysis showed that IL1β, tumour necrosis factor α, and IL18 up regulated IL18Rα expression levels. The level of IL18Rβ mRNA was much lower than that of IL18Rα, and was slightly up regulated by IL1β. In chondrocytes responding to IL18, IL18 (1–100 ng/ml) slightly increased the production of MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13, which was blocked by NF-κB inhibitor and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor. IL18 up regulated mRNA expression of aggrecanase-2, but not aggrecanase-1. IL18 also slightly stimulated TIMP-1 production?through extracellular signal regulated kinase activation. <b>Conclusion:</b> IL18 induces production of MMPs from chondrocytes in inflammatory arthritis. Although the direct effect of IL18 on chondrocytes may not be pivotal for the induction of cartilage degeneration, IL18 seems to play some part in the degradation of articular cartilage in arthritis.
E.C.T. and Cardiac Arrhythmia
Authors: L. Rose
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Follow-up Symptomatic only + .. .. 22 9 5 8 Heparin for less than 7 days .. 6 3 2 1 Heparin for 7 or more days .. 8 2 2 4 Streptokinase, heparin and aspirin, and/or dipyridamole .. .. 8 2 0 6*Patients in all treatment groups received dialysis and blood transfusion as necessary.Review of medical record showed no shrinking differences in therapy among treatment groups other than the use of heparin, streptokinase, and antithrombotic agents.**Shown by presence of hypertension and/or raised serum urea or creatine at least three months after acute illness.
Genomics, Health Care, and Society
Authors: Yasuhiro Fujiwara
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: Hudson, in her otherwise comprehensive review article on genomic medicine (Sept. 15 issue),1 did not mention the issue of reimbursement and the role of payers such as the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. In my outpatient clinic, many patients decline testing for a BRCA mutation because of the high cost (approximately $3,500 to $4,000). The tests are not approved by the Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Agency (the Japanese equivalent of the Food and Drug Administration), nor are they covered by our universal health insurance system. Patients must bear the full cost of the mutation analysis. Furthermore, . . .
Sustainability of medical imaging
Authors: Mark Lewars
Journal: BMJ (2004)

National Programme for Information Technology (NPfIT), has highlighted the lack of clinicians' engagement with this £6bn project.The advisory board represents a much needed injection of resources to NHS information technology systems, which could bring many benefits to care for patients and clinicians' working practices.The Wanless reports have emphasised the importance of information technology in the future of healthcare in the United Kingdom. 1 A national programme could avoid the problems around interoperability associated with past failures in NHS information technology systems.However, the secrecy surrounding the procurement phase of the programme has led to an increasing feeling of unease among clinician end users.Anxieties prevail about changes in working practices, usability of systems, training needs, and the possibility that political expediency will overshadow clinical needs.Aidan Halligan, the deputy chief medical officer, has been charged with ensuring clinical engagement with the programme. 2 The good news for the Department of Health comes from its survey, carried out by Medix, which shows that many doctors are enthusiastic about the potential of the national programme, with three quarters of respondents endorsing it as an important NHS priority. 3 Only 4% of respondents thought, however, that they had been adequately consulted.The recently announced new Front Line Support Academy aims to correct omissions at the leadership level.
Long-term decay of serum cholesterol radioactivity: body cholesterol metabolism in normals and in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia and atherosclerosis
Authors: Paul Samuel, William Perl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

After the intravenous injection of labeled cholesterol, the decay of specific radioactivity of total serum cholesterol was studied in 12 patients for 15-63 wk (average, 45 wk). In some, but not all of the patients studied, the slow slope of the decay curves suggested a deviation from monoexponential behavior, and the data of the slow period of the decay of specific activity were curve fitted by two exponentials. Six patients had serum lipid values regarded as normal and six had hyperlipoproteinemia. The data were analyzed by input-output analysis and yielded the following results. Values for the input rate of cholesterol (I(T)) (the sum of dietary and biosynthesized cholesterol) showed no difference between the normals and patients with hypercholesterolemia. The size of the rapidly miscible pool of cholesterol (M(a)) was significantly higher in the group of hypercholesterolemic patients partly due to increased serum cholesterol levels. The size of the total exchangeable body mass of cholesterol (M) was higher by an average of 49 g in the patients with hypercholesterolemia as compared to normals. The remaining exchangeable mass of cholesterol (M - M(a)) of the hypercholesterolemic subjects was higher by an average of 29 g as compared to normals. These differences were statistically significant.
Physiopharmacological evaluation of myocardial performance how to study modulation by cardiac endothelium and related humoral factors?
Authors: S Sys
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Time for primary review 24 days. 

When conducting human or animal experiments in a search for an understanding of the regulation and dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, clinicians and scientists have been confronted with the complexity of this system. Although complexity could be studied at any magnification, it has, in general, followed a reductionist approach [1, 2]. In this way, by bypassing or eliminating as many interacting processes as possible, our view on cardiac performance has become ever narrower in scope. For example, excluding neurohumoral control and uncoupling the heart from the peripheral circulation reduced our experimental approach from in-situ animal experiments to isolated experimental conditions, as e.g. the Langendorff-perfused heart and various, more recent, modified versions of it, where the heart is no longer necessarily considered as an input–output pump with ventricular filling (end-diastolic pressure and volume) and cardiac output (systolic pressure and stroke volume) as major features. With the heart as a muscular pump and, more specifically, in view of the strongly time-dependent activation and inactivation processes, time became inherent in any consideration concerning the performance, regardless of the hierarchic level at which it is being studied. Next, attempts to eliminate the complex dynamic architecture of the intact heart have led to the usage of isolated papillary muscles. This allowed cardiac physiologists to apply technology and principles from skeletal muscle physiology, with the addition of the dimension of time through close analysis of twitches, instead of tetani. Isolated single cardiomyocytes were introduced to bypass multicellularity and nonuniform behavior (damaged ends); nonuniformity being evidenced, in multicellular cardiac muscle preparations, by laser diffraction methods [3]or by segmental analysis [4, 5]. In single cardiomyocytes, techniques were developed to bypass the natural membrane-linked activation processes, e.g. by (hyper)permeabilizing the cardiomyocytes [6, 7], or to eliminate cytoplasmic activation control, … 

* Corresponding address: Tel.: +32 3 218 02 77; Fax: +32 3 218 02 76; E-mail: stsys@ruca.ua.ac.be
Phenotype-related alteration in expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in aortic smooth muscle cells.
Authors: S Suga, K Nakao, I Kishimoto, K Hosoda, M Mukoyama, H Arai, G Shirakami, Y Ogawa, Y Komatsu, O Nakagawa
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To elucidate the physiological and pathophysiological roles of the natriuretic peptide family in vascular smooth muscle cells, in which the natriuretic peptide family is implicated in growth inhibition as well as vasorelaxation, we have examined the phenotype-related expression of three kinds of natriuretic peptide receptors in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. The expression of natriuretic peptide receptors at the mRNA level was studied by Northern blot hybridization, and the expression at the protein level was determined by the cGMP production method and receptor binding assay. In intact aortic media, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-A receptor mRNA and ANP-B receptor mRNA were detected, and the potency of cGMP production by ANP was at least two orders of magnitude stronger than that by C-type natriuretic peptide. Clearance receptor mRNA was undetectable, and only a small amount of the clearance receptor was detected by the binding assay in intact aortic media. By contrast, in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells at the first, fifth, and 17th passages, the ANP-B receptor mRNA level markedly increased; meanwhile, the expression of the ANP-A receptor mRNA became undetectable. C-type natriuretic peptide was one order of magnitude more potent than ANP in cGMP production in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells. The clearance receptor density and its mRNA level increased tremendously in these cultured cells. These results demonstrate that the marked phenotype-related alteration occurs in the expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.
Detection of Tricuspid Regurgitation by Tc-99m DTP A Renal Scintigraphy
Authors: ETHAN J. SPIEGLER, CLIFF RATLIFF, RONALD GILLILAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Tc-99m DTPA renal scintigraphy is an established technique for evaluating renal perfusion and function. A patient is described with clinically unsuspected tricuspid regurgitation detected during the perfusion phase of renal scintigraphy and confirmed by Doppler echocardiography. A review of extrarenal anomalies detected during renal blood flow imaging is presented.
Hurry Up and Wait: Is Accelerated Approval of New Cancer Drugs in the Best Interests of Cancer Patients?
Authors: Richard L. Schilsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.07.942 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12963701 Hurry Up and Wait: Is Accelerated Approval of New Cancer Drugs in the Best Interests of Cancer Patients? Richard L. SchilskyxRichard L. SchilskySearch for articles by this author Show More University of Chicago, Chicago, IL https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.07.942 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Fbxl10 overexpression in murine hematopoietic stem cells induces leukemia involving metabolic activation and upregulation of Nsg2
Authors: Takeshi Ueda, Akiko Nagamachi, Keiyo Takubo, Norimasa Yamasaki, Hirotaka Matsui, Akinori Kanai, Yuichiro Nakata, Kenichiro Ikeda, Takaaki Konuma, Hideaki Oda, Linda Wolff, Zen-ichiro Honda, Xudong Wu, Kristian Helin, Atsushi Iwama, Toshio Suda, Toshiya Inaba, Hiroaki Honda
Journal: Blood (2015)
Different prognostic predictors in angina pectoris and myocardial infarction patients with silent myocardial ischemia
Authors: Hiroshi Kishida, Tsutomu Saito, Noritake Hata, Nagaharu Fukuma, Masahiro Yasutake, Takahiro Imaizumi, Akihiro Nakagomi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
The Living Donor in Kidney Transplantation
Authors: WILLIAM H. BAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Kidney transplantation using either kidneys from living or nonliving donors is now generally regarded as the primary therapy for most patients with end-stage kidney failure. In 1984, 32% of all kidney transplantations done in the United States involved living donors. Reasons justifying the use of kidneys from living donors are the higher success rate and the inadequate supply of cadaveric kidneys. In addition, with a living donor it is easier to arrange for kidney transplantation before dialysis therapy needs to be started. An analysis of 2495 donor nephrectomies reported in the literature, and 5698 donor nephrectomies reported from the 12 largest centers that do kidney transplantation with living donors, indicates an approximate incidence of 1 donor death per 1600 nephrectomies. Although long-term follow-up in kidney donors has shown only that mild, nonprogressive proteinuria develops in about 33% and that the frequency of hypertension may increase, we advise that the kidney donor have a careful long-term follow-up and avoid a high protein intake because of its potential to lead to progressive glomerular damage.
Posttranslational Modification and Quality Control
Authors: Xuejun Wang, J. Scott Pattison, Huabo Su
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

Protein quality control functions to minimize the level and toxicity of misfolded proteins in the cell. Protein quality control is performed by intricate collaboration among chaperones and target protein degradation. The latter is performed primarily by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and perhaps autophagy. Terminally misfolded proteins that are not timely removed tend to form aggregates. Their clearance requires macroautophagy. Macroautophagy serves in intracellular quality control also by selectively segregating defective organelles (eg, mitochondria) and targeting them for degradation by the lysosome. Inadequate protein quality control is observed in a large subset of failing human hearts with a variety of causes, and its pathogenic role has been experimentally demonstrated. Multiple posttranslational modifications can occur to substrate proteins and protein quality control machineries, promoting or hindering the removal of the misfolded proteins. This article highlights recent advances in posttranslational modification-mediated regulation of intracellular quality control mechanisms and its known involvement in cardiac pathology.
A gene for Hirschsprung disease (megacolon) in the pericentromeric region of human chromosome 10
Authors: Misha Angrist, Erick Kauffman, Susan A. Slaugenhaupt, Tara Cox Matise, Erik G. Puffenberger, Sarah Shaw Washington, Anthony Lipson, Daniel T. Cass, Troy Reyna, Daniel E. Weeks, William Sieber, Aravinda Chakravarti
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Patent Ductus Revisited
Authors: Alexander S. Nadas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Cardiovascular surgeons and cardiologists have been preoccupied with the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) for almost 40 years since Gross1 successfully ligated this structure in a little girl at the Children's Hospital in Boston, thus opening the era of cardiovascular surgery. The reciprocal operation, the Blalock-Taussig procedure, increasing pulmonary blood flow in patients with tetralogy of Fallot by creating an "iatrogenic ductus," through an anastomosis of the subclavian artery to the pulmonary artery, originated from the Johns Hopkins Hospital shortly thereafter.2 At one time, it was even suggested that the number of ductuses interrupted surgically may equal the number of aortopulmonary . . .
Inositol metabolism in mononuclear leucocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: I. H. COULSON, G. R. HURT, C. A. HOLDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Inositol metabolism in mononuclear leucocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis Get access I. H. COULSON, I. H. COULSON Skin Laboratory, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey, SM5 1AA, U. K. Dr I. H. Coulson. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. R. HURT, G. R. HURT Skin Laboratory, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey, SM5 1AA, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. A. HOLDEN C. A. HOLDEN Skin Laboratory, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, Surrey, SM5 1AA, U. K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 2, 1 February 1991, Pages 124–129, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00420.x Published: 01 February 1991
THE IMPORTANCE OF COMPLETE RECORDS OF THE INSANE AND A FEW REMARKS, CONCERNING CHIEFLY THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Authors: W. W. Hawke
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1910)

Initial mental examination.I. Importance of securing co-operation of patient, and of giving him a fair chance to show his true mental state.Avoidance of severe cross-questioning, and other forms of inquiry that tend to confuse the patient.Avoidance of giving any help by suggestion.2. Experimental questions.
China makes its first antiretroviral drugs for treating AIDS
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2002)

China's first domestically produced combination drug treatment for AIDS is due to go on sale by the end of 2002, after the manufacturer, Shanghai Desano Biopharmaceuticals Company, based in Shanghai, recently got government approval for the production of didanosine, stavudine, and nevirapine.

The company expects to get approval for manufacture of zidovudine by the end of the year.

The company estimates that the cocktail will cost patients …
Rheumatic Recurrences in Patients Not Receiving Continuous Prophylaxis
Authors: E. E. Johnson, G. H. Stollerman, B. J. Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Continuous antistreptococcal prophylaxis was not administered to 358 rheumatic fever patients after five or more years had elapsed since their last attack. Streptococcal infections which occurred during the subsequent five years were treated if they were symptomatic. Of 193 immunologically-proved infections observed, 78% were asymptomatic and therefore were untreated. Such infections and rheumatic recurrences were approximately twice as frequent in adolescents as in adults. The rate of recurrence following 100 untreated asymptomatic streptococcal infections was 5.3 in adolescents and 4.8 in adults. Recurrence rates increased to 11.7 following infections which provoked vigorous antistreptolysin O responses. Such rates, however, were considerably less than those reported for comparable infections in rheumatic children.
Palliative therapy of giant basal cell carcinoma with the monoclonal anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab
Authors: H. Müller, K. Eisendle, G. Gastl, R. Höpfl, B. Zelger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Palliative therapy of giant basal cell carcinoma with the monoclonal anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab Get access H. Müller, H. Müller Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria E‐mail: hansgeorg.mueller@uki.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Eisendle, K. Eisendle Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria E‐mail: hansgeorg.mueller@uki.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Gastl, G. Gastl Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria E‐mail: hansgeorg.mueller@uki.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Höpfl, R. Höpfl Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria E‐mail: hansgeorg.mueller@uki.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Zelger B. Zelger Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria E‐mail: hansgeorg.mueller@uki.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 6, 1 June 2008, Pages 1386–1388, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08547.x Published: 01 June 2008
Macrophage Accumulation in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Brian W. Parks, Aldons J. Lusis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A recent study upends the notion that atherosclerotic plaque is made up of foamy macrophages differentiated from monocytes that enter the arterial intima from the circulation. Most such macrophages seem to be generated by the proliferation of macrophages within the plaque.
Convulsive Seizures And Lidocaine Treatment
Authors: Janice R. Stevens
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  The occurrence of major convulsive seizures during treatment of cardiac arrhythmias with intravenous administration of lidocaine hydrochloride ( 204 :201, 1968) is likely to be related to the epileptogenic effect which this drug and the related local anesthetics, procaine and cocaine have on the amygdala nucleus, located just beneath the cortex of the inferior surface of the temporal lobe. Eidelberg, Lesse, and Gault reported in cat and monkey, and we have demonstrated in man (with epilepsy) that small quantities of systemic cocaine are sufficient to provoke high-voltage spike activity sharply limited to the amygdala region. Wagman et al have described similar electrical seizures commencing in the amygdala after the injection of lidocaine systemically in the cat. In man the electrical seizure limited to the amygdala after systemic cocaine is associated with euphoria and increased mental efficiency. The conventional scalp electroencephalogram shows no important change at a time when