tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired circadian modulation of sympathovagal activity in diabetes. A possible explanation for altered temporal onset of cardiovascular disease.
Authors: L Bernardi, L Ricordi, P Lazzari, P Soldá, A Calciati, M R Ferrari, I Vandea, G Finardi, P Fratino
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Diabetic subjects have a high incidence of cardiovascular accidents, with an altered circadian distribution. Abnormalities in the circadian rhythm of autonomic tone may be responsible for this altered temporal onset of cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS To assess circadian changes of sympathovagal balance in diabetes, we performed 24-hour power spectral analysis of RR interval fluctuations in 54 diabetic subjects (age, 44 +/- 2 years) with either normal autonomic function or mild to severe autonomic neuropathy and in 54 age-matched control subjects. The power in the low-frequency (LF, 0.03-0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (HF, 0.18-0.40 Hz) bands was considered an index of relative sympathetic and vagal activity, respectively. Diabetic subjects with autonomic abnormalities showed a reduction in LF compared with control subjects (5.95 +/- 0.12 In-msec2 versus 6.73 +/- 0.11, p &lt; 0.001) and an even greater reduction in LF, particularly during the night and the first hours after awakening (5.11 +/- 0.18 In-msec2 versus 6.52 +/- 0.14, p &lt; 0.001). Day-night rhythm in sympathovagal balance was reduced or absent in diabetic subjects compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Diabetic subjects with or without signs of autonomic neuropathy have a decreased vagal activity (and hence a relatively higher sympathetic activity) during night hours and at the same time of the day, during which a higher frequency of cardiovascular accidents has been reported. These observations may provide insight into the increased cardiac risk of diabetic patients, particularly if autonomic neuropathy is present.
PROTEIN METABOLISM IN THE MAMMALIAN KIDNEY
Authors: Harald Eliasch, Alvin L. Sellers, Sheldon Rosenfeld, Jessie Marmorston
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

The concentrations of amino acid and polypeptide nitrogen in plasma samples from the aorta, renal vein, and inferior vena cava of the rabbit have been determined. It was demonstrated that there were significantly higher concentrations of amino acids and polypeptides in the renal vein than in either aorta or inferior vena cava. The possible implications of these findings in relation to the role of the kidney in protein metabolism has been discussed.
Resistance to Antiviral Drugs of Herpes Simplex Virus Isolated from a Patient Treated with Acyclovir
Authors: Clyde S. Crumpacker, Lowell E. Schnipper, Steven I. Marlowe, Patricia N. Kowalsky, Brenda J. Hershey, Myron J. Levin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

SEVERAL drugs that inhibit the replication of herpesvirus in vitro are now being evaluated for the prevention or treatment of infections with herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus.1 2 3 Two of these drugs, acyclovir or 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)-methyl]guanine and the thymidine analogue E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′deoxyuridine (BVDU), are the most efficient inhibitors of herpes simplex virus Type 1 plaque formation yet described.4 5 6 To inhibit the growth of herpes simplex virus and presumably that of varicella zoster virus, acyclovir and BVDU must first be phosphorylated to the respective monophosphates by virus-specified thymidine kinase and must then be converted by cellular enzymes to the respective triphosphates, . . .
Yellow Letter From My Grandmother
Authors: Peggy Carey
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Interferon Alfa2a With and Without Amantadine as Initial Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Stefan Zeuzem, Gerlinde Teuber, Uta Naumann, Thomas Berg, Jochen Raedle, Susanne Hartmann, Uwe Hopf
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Although the antiviral effects of amantadine sulphate (1-aminoadamantan sulphate) have not been characterized for the hepatitis C virus (HCV), previous pilot studies have suggested promising results in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of interferon alfa (IFN-α) alone or in combination with oral amantadine for treatment of chronic hepatitis C. One hundred nineteen previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C were randomly allocated to treatment with IFN-α2a at a dose of 6 megaunits 3 times a week subcutaneously for 24 weeks, followed by 3 megaunits thrice weekly for an additional 24 weeks plus amantadine sulphate administered orally 100 mg twice a day for 48 weeks or the same IFN regimen plus a matched placebo. The primary endpoint was undectable serum HCV RNA (&lt;1,000 copies/mL) at week 24 after treatment. At the end of treatment and the 24-week follow-up period serum HCV RNA was undetectable in 20 (34%) and 6 (10%) of the 59 patients treated with the combination IFN-α plus amantadine and in 20 (33%) and 13 (22%) of the 60 patients treated with IFN-α alone, respectively ( P = n.s.). Discontinuation of therapy for adverse events was similar in both treatment groups. Although treatment with IFN-α worsened HRQOL, combination with amantadine showed a substantial trend to improve fatigue and vigor. In conclusion, combination therapy IFN-α plus amantadine is as effective as IFN-α monotherapy in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Levels and Cell Context Affect Tumor Cell Responses to Agonist<i>In vitro</i>and<i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Kevin Morgan, Alan J. Stewart, Nicola Miller, Peter Mullen, Morwenna Muir, Michael Dodds, Federico Medda, David Harrison, Simon Langdon, Robert P. Millar
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors inhibits proliferation of transformed cells derived from reproductive tissues and in transfected cell lines. Hence, GnRH receptors represent a therapeutic target for direct action of GnRH analogues on certain proliferating cells. However, more cell biological data are required to develop this particular application of GnRH analogues. Therefore, we compared the effects of GnRH receptor activation in transfected HEK293 cells (HEK293[SCL60]) with transfected human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and EFO21, human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells, and rat neuroblastoma B35 cells. Marked differences in receptor levels, magnitude of inositol phosphate generation, and dynamics of inositol phosphate turnover occurred in the different cells. Activation of GnRH receptors, expressed at high or moderate levels, inhibited the growth of HEK293[SCL60] and B35 cells, respectively. Western blotting detected markers of apoptosis [cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-9] in HEK293[SCL60] and B35 following treatment with 100 nmol/L d-Trp6-GnRH-I. Cell growth inhibition was partially or completely rescued with inhibitor Q-VD-OPh or Ro32-0432. Low levels of GnRH receptor expression in transfected SKOV3, EFO21, or HepG2 activated intracellular signaling but did not induce apoptosis or significantly affect cell proliferation. Tumor xenografts prepared from HEK293[SCL60] regressed during treatment with d-Trp6-GnRH-I and growth of xenografts derived from transfected B35 was slowed. SKOV3 xenografts were not growth inhibited. Therefore, differences in levels of GnRH receptor and signaling differentially affect the apoptotic machinery within cell lines and contribute to the cell type–specific effects of GnRH on growth. Further studies should exploit the growth-inhibitory potential of GnRH receptor activation in abnormal cells in diseased human tissues. [Cancer Res 2008;68(15):6331–40]
Ca <sup>2+</sup> -Stimulated Adenylyl Cyclase AC1 Generates Efficient Biological Pacing as Single Gene Therapy and in Combination With HCN2
Authors: Gerard J.J. Boink, Bruce D. Nearing, Iryna N. Shlapakova, Lian Duan, Yelena Kryukova, Yevgeniy Bobkov, Hanno L. Tan, Ira S. Cohen, Peter Danilo, Richard B. Robinson, Richard L. Verrier, Michael R. Rosen
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Biological pacing performed solely via HCN2 gene transfer in vivo results in relatively slow idioventricular rates and only moderate autonomic responsiveness. We induced biological pacing using the Ca(2+)-stimulated adenylyl cyclase AC1 gene expressed alone or in combination with HCN2 and compared outcomes with those with single-gene HCN2 transfer.We implanted adenoviral HCN2, AC1, or HCN2/AC1 constructs into the left bundle branches of atrioventricular-blocked dogs. During steady-state gene expression (days 5-7), differences between AC1, HCN2/AC1, and HCN2 alone were evident in basal beating rate, escape time, and dependence on electronic backup pacing. In HCN2, AC1, and HCN2/AC1, these parameters were as follows: basal beating rate: 50±1.5, 60±5.0, and 129±28.9 bpm (P<0.05 for HCN2/AC1 versus HCN2 or AC1 alone), respectively; escape time: 2.4±0.2, 1.3±0.2, and 1.1±.0.4 seconds (P<0.05 for AC1 and HCN2/AC1 versus HCN2); and percent electronic beats: 34±8%, 2±1%, and 6±2% (P<0.05 for AC1 and HCN2/AC1 versus HCN2). Instantaneous (SD1) and long-term (SD2) heart rate variability and circadian rhythm analyzed via 24-hour Holter recordings showed a shift toward greater sensitivity to parasympathetic modulation in animals injected with AC1 and a high degree of sympathetic modulation in animals injected with HCN2/AC1.AC1 or HCN2/AC1 overexpression in left bundle branches provides highly efficient biological pacing and greater sensitivity to autonomic modulation than HCN2 alone.
SEASONAL HAY-FEVER
Authors: J. H. BLACK
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The amount of work which has been done on the subject of hay-fever, and the voluminous literature which has accumulated so rapidly in the last few years, have done much to place the care of this disease on a satisfactory basis and to permit hay-fever to be classed, at last, as a curable disease. Those who have had most to do with this work are the first to admit that there is much yet to be learned and that the methods employed are not yet entirely perfected. Since no reports on this work have appeared from this locality, and because our findings do not in every particular parallel those reported by some observers, we are venturing to present the observations of the last two years, covering a series of ninety patients. These patients have all been resident in northern Texas and, with one exception, within a radius of 100 miles
Clearance of confluent and reticulate papillomatosis of Gougerot and Certeaud with minocycline
Authors: L. Poskitt, J.D. Wilkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Clearance of confluent and reticulate papillomatosis of Gougerot and Certeaud with minocycline Get access L. Poskitt, L. Poskitt Dermatology Department, Amersham General Hospital. Amersham, Burks HP7 OJD. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.D. Wilkinson J.D. Wilkinson Dermatology Department, Amersham General Hospital. Amersham, Burks HP7 OJD. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 3, 1 September 1993, Pages 351–353, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb11871.x Published: 01 September 1993
"FUNCTIONAL STUDIES THROUGHOUT THE COURSE OF ROENTGEN-RAY NEPHRITIS IN DOGS"
Authors: Montrose T. Burrows
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a recent paper (The Journal, January 15, p. 139) under the title given, Hartman, Bolliger and Doub have shown that chronic interstitial nephritis, quite typical of chronic interstitial nephritis in man, can be produced in dogs by exposing their kidneys to large doses of roentgen rays. These authors have thus produced in an experimental animal a lesion that promises for the first time to allow a more careful study of this disease. One question not discussed by them, or by others discussing their paper, is the significance of their work for a possible classification of chronic interstitial nephritis in terms of other pathologic processes peculiar to man. For a great many years it has been fully appreciated that the pathologic classification of nephritis does not fit the clinical pictures. Chronic interstitial nephritis is not a disease similar to the true chronic infectious processes from which the
Actinomycetes Are Bacteria
Authors: Benjamin Becker
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A case of hypersensitivity alveolitis in an 11-year-old girl was recently reported by Marinkovich and Hill (231:944, 1975) as being caused by a thermophilic actinomycete. Actinomycetes are bacteria and not molds as the authors stated.
The efficacy of self-assembled cationic antimicrobial peptide nanoparticles against Cryptococcus neoformans for the treatment of meningitis
Authors: Huaying Wang, Kaijin Xu, Lihong Liu, Jeremy P.K. Tan, Yunbo Chen, Yongtao Li, Weimin Fan, Zeqing Wei, Jifang Sheng, Yi-Yan Yang, Lanjuan Li
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Pulmonary hypertension accompanying ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus: management in infancy and early childhood.
Authors: F J Macartney, J Stark
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Pulmonary hypertension accompanying ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus: manage- ment in infancy and early childhood Sir,-We read with great interest the article by Reid and colleagues.'We would like to congratulate the authors for once more bringing this important topic to the attention of your readers.We would like to make two observations.The authors are to be congratulated on using pulmonary vascular resistance as an index of pulmonary vascular disease, but it is a pity they used a fall in the ratio between the pulmonary and systemic resist- ance as evidence for regression in pulmonary vascular disease.There is now good evidence2 3 in patients with pulmonary vascular disease secondary to cardiac shunts, that systemic vascular resistance rises pari passu with pulmonary vascular resistance.This phenomenon makes the resistance ratio a poor measure of pulmonary vascular resistance, at least when this is markedly elevated.3The second point relates to conclusions.The authors suggest that the final decision will have to await the publication of larger series of primary closure of ventricular septal defect in infancy.We would like to point out that several such large series have been published.4-8All these reports show that the mortality associated with early primary repair of ventricular septal defect is lower than the mortality rate resulting from two-stage procedures.
So whose business is public health?
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Industry involvement in public health should come as no surprise to anybody



To listen to some critics, the UK coalition government’s plans for public health are a betrayal of Judas-like proportions. My local paper, in southeast London, managed to see Tory wickedness even in the abolition of free swimming in the local pool. Since when, I’m tempted to ask, has free swimming been every English person’s birthright and its denial a sickening hammer blow to public health?

That is not to say that the plans of England’s health secretary, Andrew Lansley, are beyond criticism, though it is hard to know precisely what they are before the public health white paper is published. But this has in no way deterred those who want to persuade us that the health secretary has sold his soul to the food and drinks industry, giving them the right to determine what his policy will be.

Whatever it is, it can hardly be less effective than Labour’s performance in government between 1997 and 2010. For an entertaining read I commend the evidence taken on 14 September this year by the House of Commons Committee on Public Accounts, investigating the failure …
Moving to smaller commissioning units flies in face of international evidence on effectiveness
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The coalition government’s proposed shift of commissioning from primary care trusts to GP consortiums may harm patient care as it flies in the face of international evidence showing that bigger commissioning bodies are more effective, says a report by an independent think tank.

The government intends to replace 152 trusts with much smaller commissioning organisations even though there is no evidence that they are better at commissioning than larger ones, says the report by Civitas in conjunction with the Manchester Business School.

The report, GP Commissioning: Does Size Matter?, also argues that the transition will be costly, almost certainly resulting in a dip in performance …
Frusemide and calcium excretion.
Authors: M. S. Knapp, D. A. Heath
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MEDICALJOURNAIto the latter means much.These units could also be used-for teaching purposes.At the general-practitioner hospital at which I attend students accompany me regularly.At the outpatients there they see more everyday cases than they would ever see at their teach- ing hospital, where referred cases tend to be of a highly specialized nature.
Histological evaluation of the intrahepatic biliary tree in intrahepatic cholesterol stones, including immunohistochemical staining against apolipoprotein A-1
Authors: Tetsuo Ohta, Takukazu Nagakawa, Toshiya Takeda, Luis Fonseca, Masahiro Kanno, Kazuhiro Mori, Masato Kayahara, Keiichi Ueno, Itsuo Miyazaki, Tadashi Terada
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Apolipoprotein A-1 is known to be one of inhibiting factors of cholesterol nucleation in bile, and decreased activity of apolipoprotein A-1 is considered to predispose cholesterol-supersaturated bile to formation of cholesterol crystals. To study the pathogenesis of the intrahepatic formation of cholesterol stones, we examined surgically resected liver specimens from six patients with intrahepatic cholesterol stones and compared the characteristic histopathological features with those of intrahepatic calcium bilirubinate stones, using morphological examination and immunohistochemical staining against apolipoprotein A-1. Morphologically, in all six patients with cholesterol stones the severity of chronic proliferative cholangitis with proliferation of the mucus-producing glandular elements in the walls of the large bile duct or periductal tissues was less extensive than that seen with calcium bilirubinate stones, and cholesterol crystals had formed in the septal and interlobular bile ducts. Immunohistochemically, unlike the normal liver and calcium bilirubinate stone-containing lobes, the hepatocytes and the epithelial lining of the bile ducts and peribiliary glands of the cholesterol stone-containing lobes did not react completely (some of the epithelial cells reacted only faintly) with apolipoprotein A-1 antibody. These findings suggest that an abundance of mucous substance and bacterial infection of the biliary tree may not be necessary for the formation of cholesterol stones, compared with findings in cases of calcium bilirubinate stones. We suggest that cholesterol crystals may be produced in the septal and interlobular bile ducts in the microenvironment of cholesterol-supersaturated bile and decreased activity of apolipoprotein A-1.
A mouse model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease with biliary duct and proximal tubule dilatation
Authors: J.R. Woollard, R. Punyashtiti, S. Richardson, T.V. Masyuk, S. Whelan, B.Q. Huang, D.J. Lager, J. vanDeursen, V.E. Torres, V.H. Gattone, N.F. LaRusso, P.C. Harris, C.J. Ward
Journal: Kidney International (2007)
Brain Tumor Genes
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of complete esophageal stenosis using endoscopic ultrasound-guided puncture: a novel technique for access to the distal lumen
Authors: Joan Gornals, Claudia Consiglieri, Josep Castellvi, Xavier Ariza, Mariona Calvo, Maica Galan
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancers with high-dose definitive concomitant chemoradiotherapy can lead to high-grade esophageal strictures, or, rarely, total obliteration of the lumen. Strictures can be successfully treated with various endoscopic techniques; however, complete obstruction is a technically challenging problem. Anterograde endoscopic techniques carry the risk of perforation or bleeding. A combined anterograde–retrograde dilation technique, described in a few reports, is another option but requires retrograde access through a prior ostomy [1] [2] [3] [4].
Repair of Cardiac Defect in Patient with Ehlers--Danlos Syndrome and Deficiency of Hageman Factor
Authors: P. Fantl, K. N. Morris, R. J. Sawers
Journal: BMJ (1961)

forced to abandon conservatism in such a case; for, as both Noble and White have reported, some patients even of this unfavourable type have been completely relieved.At present, however, we are reasonably convinced that the intubated jejunostomy, perhaps by its decompression function, or perhaps by the merit of providing a more orderly pattern for the intestine, is a most effective means of dealing with recurrent post-operative obstruction where the cause is recent peritonitis. SummaryMany cases of recurrent small-intestinal obstruction are not at present treated adequately.Intubation of the whole small bowel at operation, via a jejunostomy, after suction decompression, proved to be successful in the treatment of the three cases described.