tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intrarenal hemodynamics in cross-circulated hypervolemic and isovolemic rats.
Authors: H Sonnenberg, A T Veress, J W Pearce
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The microsphere technique was used to measure renal blood flow and intrarenal flow distribution in cross-circulated pairs of rats. One rat of each pair was made hypervolemic by infusion of blood (2.3% of body weight), followed by intravenous reinfusion to urine to maintain intravascular expansion. The other rat of each pair, which also was urine-reinfused, was kept isvolemic throughout the experiment. As shown previously, blood infusion resulted in a large diuretic and natriuretic response in the hypervolemic partner, while a smaller but statistically significant response occurred in the isovolemic partner. Total renal blood flow did not change in the expanded rats and fell slightly but not significantly in the nonexpanded ones. Blood volume expansion was associated with a significant shift in microsphere concentration from outer to inner cortex. This shift was not, however, correlated with the magnitude of the renal response. The transferred natriuresis in isovolemic partners was not associated with any change in microsphere distribution. We conclude therefore, that redistribution of blood flow to the inner cortex, although a feature of intravascular expansion, is not the primary determinant of volume natriuresis. In addition, the natriuretic activity which develops in the blood of hypervolemic rats can reduce sodium reabsorption in isovolemic rats without intrarenal hemodynamic changes.
Lithium as a drug of abuse.
Authors: B Lipkin
Journal: BMJ (1977)

with permanent injury.These injuries had usually been caused by collision with other swimmers or the side or bottom of the pool rather than by the catapult effect described.The cases described by Dr J6nasson emphasise the seriousness of injuries which may be associated with the use of this popular type of goggle which incorporates a strong elastic band.In the light of these reports the society is continuing to discourage their use during teaching sessions and proposes to seek the opinion of other organisations responsible for other aquatic activities.
Psychiatric Symptoms as Features of Systemic Lupus erythematosus
Authors: A.P. van Dam, E.M. Wekking, H.A.P.C. Oomen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

An enquiry of the Dutch Lupus Patients Society revealed that 49 % of the members had experienced psychiatric symptoms before systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was diagnosed and 33% had sought professional psychiatric help at that stage. To determine the frequency of SLE on psychiatric admission 2,121 patients were tested for the presence of SLE-specific antinuclear and anti-DNA autoantibodies. The results suggest that SLE is a cause of admission in psychiatric hospitals at the rate of 0.1–0.2% and routine screening of antinuclear and anti-DNA antibodies on admission is not an effective diagnostic approach.
Preferential type 1 chemokine receptors and cytokine production of CD28- T cells in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: C Duftner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

<b>Objective:</b> To examine serum levels of type 1 and type 2 chemokines and lymphocytic expression of chemokine receptors, and to compare the results with lymphocytic cytokine production in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). <b>Methods:</b> Twelve patients with AS (mean (SD) age 44.9 (14.7) years) and 27 healthy controls (46.4 (12.8) years) were enrolled into the study. The expression of chemokine receptors (CCR-5, CXCR-3, CCR-4) and cytokines (interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)2, IL4, IL10, tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα)) on CD28<sup>+</sup> and CD28<sup>−</sup> T cell subtypes was analysed by a three colour FACS technique of peripheral blood samples. Serum ELISAs were performed to detect the CCR-5 ligands CCL-5, CCL-3; the CXCR-3 ligands CXCL-10, CXCL-9; and the CCR-4 ligand, CCL-17 before and after administration of the TNFα blocking agent infliximab. <b>Results:</b> CD4<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>−</sup> T cells had higher ratios of CXCR-3 to CCR-4 than CD4<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>+</sup> T cells. Both, CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>−</sup> T cells of patients with AS produced more IFNγ, TNFα, and IL10 than their CD28<sup>+</sup> counterparts (p&lt;0.05), and lacked the production of IL2 and IL4. Serum levels of CXCL-9 were increased in patients with AS to 59.2 pg/ml (34.1–730.5) compared with 32.5 pg/ml (20.0–79.5) in healthy controls (p = 0.016). The levels of both type 1 (CCL-5, CXCL-9) and type 2 chemokines (CCL-17) decreased under blockade of TNFα (p&lt;0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> The profile of chemokine receptor expression and cytokine production by CD28<sup>−</sup> T cells suggests a type 1 immune reaction in AS, although IL10 is frequently produced by CD28<sup>−</sup> T cells. Treatment with TNFα blocking antibodies decreased both types of chemokines in patients' sera.
Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulin-related molecules with diversity in both the extra- and intracellular domains
Authors: Nicolai Wagtmann, Roberto Biassoni, Claudia Cantoni, Simonetta Verdiani, Mauro S. Malnati, Massimo Vitale, Cristina Bottino, Lorenzo Moretta, Alessandro Moretta, Eric O. Long
Journal: Immunity (1995)
A comprehensive analysis of the COL29A1 gene does not support a role in eczema
Authors: Aline Naumann, Cilla Söderhäll, Regina Fölster-Holst, Hansjörg Baurecht, Viola Harde, Konstanze Müller-Wehling, Elke Rodríguez, Andreas Ruether, Andre Franke, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Natalija Novak, Martin Mempel, Behnam Naderi Kalali, Michael Allgaeuer, Jeanette Koch, Markus Gerhard, Erik Melén, Carl-Fredrik Wahlgren, Inger Kull, Caroline Stahl, Göran Pershagen, Roger Lauener, Josef Riedler, Gert Doekes, Annika Scheynius, Thomas Illig, Erika von Mutius, Stefan Schreiber, Juha Kere, Michael Kabesch, Stephan Weidinger
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Role for PKC α and PKC ε in down-regulation of CFTR mRNA in a human epithelial liver cell line
Authors: Sukmi Kang-Park, Nathalie Dray-Charier, Annie Munier, Christine Brahimi-Horn, Danielle Veissiere, Jacques Picard, Jacqueline Capeau, Gisèle Cherqui, Olivier Lascols
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Preoperative Serum Testosterone Level as an Independent Predictor of Treatment Failure following Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Shinya Yamamoto, Junji Yonese, Satoru Kawakami, Yuhei Ohkubo, Manabu Tatokoro, Yoshinobu Komai, Hideki Takeshita, Yuichi Ishikawa, Iwao Fukui
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Dr. John Fothergill, physician and humanist.
Authors: M. Jefferson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The use of alternative preparations from the B.N.F. made a much greater difference to the prescribing costs of practice A than of practice B: but even in practice B it would have brought about an economy in excess of £500 over a 12-month period. ConclusionsThis analysis suggests that the claim of the Joint Formulary Committee that the preparations in the B.N.F. can serve almost all the requirements of prescribers is probably true for general practice and that a substantial reduction in the cost of drugs could be achieved without any appreciable loss to patients.Pharmaceutical services cost the Northern Ireland General Health Services Board more than £5m. in 1965 and the cost of drug-prescribing was over £4.4m.A saving of the order achieved in the general sample of prescriptions in this investigation would represent a reduction of the drug bill by approximately one-third and save over Elm. per annum.It is also likely that substantial saving would result from more extensive use of the B.N.F. in prescribing in hospitals.But in hospitals there is another important reason why the use of the B.N.F. should be encouraged.Its use would eliminate, especially for nursing staff, much of the confusion due to the present indiscriminate use of two systems of drug nomenclature and would reduce the chances of error (Crooks, 1965 ; Crooks et al., 1965 ; Wallace, 1965) in the administration of drugs on wards.The detailed investigations here described were difficult and time-consuming, and the decisions made about individual preparations are based on personal opinions and may be justi- fiably criticized.The findings, however, suggest that there is a need for similar and more extensive investigations of prescrib- ing both in general practice and in hospitals.We are indebted to Dr. P. C. Elmes and Dr. Jean Langlands, who helped in the assessment of the prescriptions, and to Dr. J. C. Crawford, who so willingly shared with us the benefit of his
Premature Cell Cycle Entry Induced by Hepatitis B Virus Regulatory HBx Protein during Compensatory Liver Regeneration
Authors: Amanda J. Hodgson, Victor V. Keasler, Betty L. Slagle
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The cycles of cell death and compensatory regeneration that occur during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are central to viral pathogenesis and are a risk factor for the development of liver cancer. The HBV genome encodes one regulatory protein, HBx, which is required for virus replication, although its precise role in replication and pathogenesis is unclear. Because HBx can induce the G0-G1 transition in cultured cells, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of HBx during liver regeneration. Transgenic mice expressing HBx (ATX) and their wild-type (WT) littermates were used in the partial hepatectomy (PH) model for compensatory regeneration. Liver tissues collected from ATX and WT mice at varying sacrifice time points after PH were examined for markers of cell cycle progression. When compared with WT liver tissues, ATX livers had evidence of premature cell cycle entry as assessed by several variables (BrdUrd incorporation, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and mitotic indices, and reduced steady-state p21 protein levels). However, HBx did not affect apoptosis, glycogen storage, or PH-induced steatosis. Together, these results show that HBx expression can induce cell cycle progression within the regenerating liver. Our data are consistent with a model in which HBx expression contributes to liver disease and cancer formation by affecting early steps in liver regeneration. [Cancer Res 2008;68(24):10341–8]
Decreased Na+-dependent taurocholate uptake and low expression of the sinusoidal Na+-taurocholate cotransporting protein (Ntcp) in livers of mdr2 P-glycoprotein-deficient mice
Authors: Nynke R Koopen, Henk Wolters, Peter Voshol, Bruno Stieger, Roel J Vonk, Peter J Meier, Folkert Kuipers, Bruno Hagenbuch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Injuries Among Wrestlers in School and College Tournaments
Authors: Richard H. Strauss
Journal: JAMA (1982)

We studied four wrestling tournaments that totaled 1,049 participants of grade school, high school, and college age levels. Two clearly serious injuries occurred: a wrist fracture and an elbow dislocation. Knee and ankle sprains of mild to moderate severity were the most common diagnoses. No injuries to the pinna occurred probably because ear protectors were worn. Nine- to 14-year-old boys were injured least frequently (3.8%), partly because their matches were the shortest. The overall injury rate for high school and college wrestlers was 12.0%. Risk of injury did not vary with weight class or with successive matches. Thirty-nine percent of all injuries were because of aggravation of old injuries. Thus, rehabilitation after injury is believed to be an important preventive measure. These findings suggest that, although most injuries in wrestling are not severe, attendance at tournaments by medically trained personnel is warranted. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2016-2019)
Letter: Hypoglycaemia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
Authors: S Mawson
Journal: BMJ (1976)

protocol so that the collective experience of many institutions will contribute to the further understanding and better management of such cases.Much more needs to be known if women with renal transplants are to be carefully selected to enjoy pregnancy and parenthood with maximum benefit to themselves and their offspring.We doubt, however, if a decision to undertake a transplant should ever be based on a desire for parenthood.
The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia.
Authors: S D Shorvon, M W Carney, I Chanarin, E H Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The neuropsychiatric states of 50 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and 34 patients with folate deficiency presenting with megaloblastosis in a general hospital were examined and compared. Abnormalities of the nervous system were found in two-thirds of both groups. Peripheral neuropathy was the most common condition associated with vitamin B12 deficiency and affective disorder with folate deficiency. The proportions of patients with organic mental change were similar in the two groups. Subacute combined degeneration of the cord was an uncommon complication and occurred only in the patients with vitamin B12 deficiency. There was no relation between haematological and neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The neuropsychiatry of megaloblastic anaemia seen in this study of patients presenting to haematologists or general physicians contrasts with that reported previously, before haematological techniques for separating the two deficiencies were introduced.
Does ethamsylate increase the incidence of venous thrombosis?
Authors: G J Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1984)

asymptomatic until eight months before her present admission, when she began to experience weakness, weight loss, and a fever of 37 5-38 C and her liver, spleen, and several cervical lymph nodes became palpable.Sero- logical examination showed lupus erythematosus cells, antinuclear antibodies in a titre of 1/1280, and hypocomplementaemia of C3 1 g/l (normal range 0 9-2 0 g/l) and C4 0-200 mg/l (normal range 300-600 mg/l).A biopsy specimen showed a regularly shaped node with sarcoid-like granulomas.Results of other laboratory tests were unchanged except for the appearance of monoclonal gammopathy of IgG with x chains.She underwent explora- tive laparotomy and splenectomy.The histopathological picture of the spleen was compatible with a diagnosis of polymorphic immunocytoma.Chemotherapy was started, and 12 months after operation she was in full clinical remission and serological tests showed antinuclear antibodies in a titre of 1/128 and lupus erythematosus cells.Case 2-A 70 year old woman was admitted with dyspnoea, fever of 37 5'C of six weeks' duration, and recent weight loss of 15 kg.Nine years previously a routine x ray examination of her chest had shown a round lesion of her right lung.Serological tests for lupus erythematosus cells and antinuclear antibody had yielded negative results.These pathological findings were not investigated, and she had remained asymptomatic.Physical examination on admission showed pallor, dyspnoea, and dullness with loss of breathing sounds over the lower two thirds of the right lung.A chest radiograph showed that the right middle lobe was replaced by a large mass, and a moderate amount of pleural effusion was also present.Laboratory examination showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate 145 mm in first hour (Westergren), haemoglobin concentration 10 g/dl, white cell count 6-9 X 109/1, platelet count 150x 109/1, total protein concentration 96 g/l, albumin 26 g/l, globulin 70 gll.Electrophoresis of proteins showed a monoclonal gammopathy.Immunoglobulin concentrations were IgG 7-5 g/l (normal range 6-16 g/l), IgA 0-6 g/l (normal range 0-98-4-0 g/l), and IgM 410 g/l 'Ko HS, Pruzanski W. M components associated with lymphoma-a review of 62 cases.
Identification of an Infected Seroma by Triple-phase Bone Scintigraphy and Instillation of Tc-99m Sulfur Colloid
Authors: RODNEY J. HICKS, MILTON D GROSS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

An infected seroma was identified by triple-phase bone scintigraphy, and its relationship to an adjacent prosthetic hip joint was determined by instillation of Tc-99m sulfur colloid. The use of Tc-99m sulfur colloid in this case represents a variant of the technique of radionuclide arthrography and was extremely helpful in resolving questions raised by the bone scintigraphic and clinical findings.
Bacteroidaceae Bacteremia
Authors: Arthur F. Gelb
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In 35 cases of anaerobic gram-negative rod (Bacteroidaceae) bacteremia only one of the 23 patients under 40 years of age died. The 12 patients more than 40 years of age died in septicemic shock. Female genital tract infection secondary to incomplete septic abortion accounted for 18 cases. The gastrointestinal tract, decubitus ulcers, and the urinary tract were responsible for a total of 12 cases. The clinical course in patients with Bacteroidaceae bacteremia secondary to incomplete septic abortion was characteristically milder than in patients with bacteremia from other foci. Bacteroidaceae bacteremia has many similarities with bacteremia from aerobic gram-negative rod organisms except that jaundice, liver abscess, and pylephlebitis are more common in Bacteroidaceae bacteremia.
Irritable bowel syndrome--a safe diagnosis?
Authors: K M Holmes, R H Salter
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Seventy-seven of 84 surviving patients in whom the irritable bowel syndrome had been diagnosed at least six years previously were reviewed. A different diagnosis was made in only four cases. Forty-four patients remained symptomatic and 29 patients had no further bowel problems. The irritable bowel syndrome is often a chronic, relapsing disorder, and further investigations are not necessary unless symptoms change considerably.
Combined Live Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccines
Authors: Eugene B. Buynak
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Combined trivalent Moraten measles, Jeryl Lynn mumps, and HPV-77 duck embryo rubella vaccine, as well as combined bivalent Moraten measles and Jeryl Lynn mumps vaccine were each administered to children in a single injection. The antibody responses to the three viruses were not significantly altered, and the clinical reactions were no greater than those following measles vaccine given alone. Choice of strain was important, since less favorable results were obtained when the original Enders' measles and Merck C level rubella vaccines were substituted for those mentioned previously. Twenty and forty 50% tissue culture infective doses of Moraten measles and HPV-77 duck rubella viruses, respectively, sufficed to immunize all seronegative persons. All the viruses induced persistent antibody and were sufficiently stable on drying and rehydration to permit use in routine practice. Present evidence indicates that the mumps and rubella vaccines may be given together with the measles vaccine in a single dose without impairing the immune response and without added clinical reaction.
Maternal Exposure to Particulate Matter Increases Postnatal Ozone-induced Airway Hyperreactivity in Juvenile Mice
Authors: Richard L. Auten, Erin N. Potts, S. Nicholas Mason, Bernard Fischer, Yuhchin Huang, W. Michael Foster
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Epidemiologic studies implicate air pollutant exposure during pregnancy as a risk factor for wheezing in offspring. Ozone exposure is linked to exacerbations of wheezing in children.
The Neonatal Lupus Syndrome Associated with U<sub>1</sub>RNP (nRNP) Antibodies
Authors: Thomas T. Provost, Rosemarie Watson, W. Ray Gammon, Michael Radowsky, John B. Harley, Morris Reichlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

THE neonatal lupus erythematosus syndrome is an uncommon disease often characterized by cutaneous lupus lesions, isolated congenital heart block, or both.1 2 3 The majority of mothers of affected children are asymptomatic at the time of the birth of the infants. Approximately 40 percent of mothers have features of systemic lupus erythematosus or Sjögren's syndrome. Almost all the mothers and affected infants described so far have been positive for anti-La(SS-B) antibody, anti-Ro(SS-A) antibody, or both.4 , 5 We report here on two infants with cutaneous lesions of the neonatal lupus erythematosus syndrome who, along with their mothers, were positive for the anti-U1RNP . . .
The combined role of P- and E-selectins in atherosclerosis.
Authors: Z M Dong, S M Chapman, A A Brown, P S Frenette, R O Hynes, D D Wagner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

P- and E-selectins are adhesion molecules mediating the first step in leukocyte extravasation. Because their function in leukocyte adhesion is overlapping, we hypothesized that there might be a combined effect of these selectins on the development of atherosclerotic lesions. We bred P- and E-selectin-double-deficient mice onto the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient background (LDLR-/- P/E-/-) and compared lesion development in these mice to that in mice wild type for both selectins (LDLR-/- P/E+/+). After 8 wk on atherogenic diet, the LDLR-/- P/E-/- mice developed fatty streaks in the aortic sinus that were five times smaller than those in LDLR-/- P/E+/+ mice. The density of macrophages in the fatty streaks was comparable between LDLR-/- P/E+/+ and LDLR-/- P/E-/- mice. After 22 wk on the diet, the lesions spread throughout the aorta but this process was delayed in LDLR-/- P/E-/- mice. At 37 wk on diet, the lesions progressed to the fibrous plaque stage in both genotypes. However, the lesions in the aortic sinus in LDLR-/- P/E-/- mice were 40% smaller and less calcified than those of LDLR-/- P/E +/+ mice. Our results suggest that P- and E-selectins together play an important role in both early and advanced stages of atherosclerotic lesion development.
Longer perishock pauses were associated with decreased survival to hospital discharge after out-of-hospital shockable cardiac arrest
Authors: Bruce D. Adams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Source Citation Cheskes S, Schmicker RH, Christenson J, et al; Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Investigators. Perishock pause: an independent predictor of survival from out-of-hospital shockable cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2011;124:58-66. 21690495
Effect of public smoking ban in Helena, Montana: Author's reply
Authors: Stanton A Glantz
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—We present a simple observation: when Helena, Montana, implemented a smoke free law admissions for myocardial infarction dropped significantly, then rebounded when the law was suspended through a lawsuit by tobacco industry allies.

Kabat makes the usual arguments of scientists who have worked with the tobacco industry.1–3 Rather than taking …
Acute Type A Intramural Hematoma
Authors: Anthony Estrera, Charles Miller, Taek-Yeon Lee, Paola De Rango, Saad Abdullah, Jon-Cecil Walkes, Dianna Milewicz, Hazim Safi
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Management of acute type A intramural hematoma (IMH) remains controversial, varying from immediate surgery to medical management only. Conversion to typical dissection remains a concern. We analyzed our experience managing acute type A IMH.Between October 1999 and May 2008, 251 patients with acute type A aortic dissection were treated, including 36 (14.3%) with type A IMH. Seven IMH patients (19%) were repaired immediately, 28 (80%) managed initially with optimal medical management and eventual repair and 1 (3%) with medical management only. End points analyzed were early mortality and conversion to typical dissection (flow in the false lumen of the ascending aorta). Time (hours) from onset of symptoms defined initiation of IMH. Early mortality for acute type A IMH was 8.3% (3/36): 14.3% (1/7) with immediate repair and 7.1% (2/28) when optimal medical management with eventual repair was undertaken (P=0.69). The 1 medically managed Asian patient survived with resolution of the IMH. Conversion to type A IMH to typical dissection occurred in 33% (12/36) of cases. No conversions were observed within 72 hours. Aortic diameter did not predict conversion. In actuarial analysis among the initially medically managed group with eventual repair, the hazard conversion to typical dissection increased significantly at 8 days from the onset of symptoms (P<0.05).Despite optimal medical management, conversion of type A IMH to typical dissection still remains a concern, with the most significant risk beyond 8 days. In our patient population, timely surgical repair is recommended.