tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and Infection
Authors: W. L. HOLMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 September 1929Fatigue and InfectionW. L. HOLMANW. L. HOLMANSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-3-259 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe title of my paper, "Fatigue and Infection", will bring many different concepts to the minds of those reading it. What do you and I mean by the word "Fatigue", and what do we mean by the word "Infection?"In a general way, we believe Sir James Paget's dictum to be true when he says, "You will find that fatigue has a larger share in the promotion or transmission of disease than any other causal condition you can name".There are so many kinds of fatigue that our ideas are apt to be too general or too limited. Muscular fatigue...References1 HASTINGS AB: The Physiology of Fatigue. Pub. Health Bulletin, No. 117, 1921. Google Scholar2 BLOOMFIELD AL: The Dissemination of Bacteria in the Upper Air Passages. Am. Rev. Tuberc., 1922, v: 903. Google Scholar3 WOLBACHHOWE SBPR: Vitamin A Deficiency in the Guinea Pig. Arch. Path. and Lab. Med., 1928, v: 239. Google Scholar4 HOELZEL F: Nutritional Edema and Its Relation to the Incidence of Common Colds. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1928, xxv: 454. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5 CHENEY VS: "The Common Cold" Etiology, Prevention and Treatment. Am. J. Pub. Health, 1928, xviii: 15. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6 SWIFTDERICKHITCHCOCK HFCLCH: Rheumatic Fever as a Manifestation of Hypersensitiveness (Allergy or Hyperergy) to Streptococci. Tr. A. Am. Phys., 1928, xliii: 192. Google Scholar7 ROGERS L: Climate and Disease Incidence in India: Forecasting Epidemics. 29th Robert Boyle Lecture, Oxford University Press, 1927. Google Scholar8 FLINN FB: The So-Called Action of Acid Sodium Phosphate in Delaying the Onset of Fatigue. Pub. Health Rep., 1926, xli: 1463. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9 BOYCOTTPRICE-JONES AEC: Experiments on the Influence of Fatigue on Infection. J. Path. and Bact., 1926, xxix: 87. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10 SPAETH RA: An Experimental Investigation of the Supposed Relation between Good Physical Condition and Natural Resistance to Infection. Am. J. Hyg., 1925, v: 839. Google Scholar11 KRAUSE AK: Rest and Other Things. Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1923. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Pathology and Bacteriology University of Toronto*Read before the Boston meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 9, 1929. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFokalinfektionDie Lehre von der fokalen Infektion 1 September 1929Volume 3, Issue 3Page: 259-266KeywordsFatigue Issue Published: 1 September 1929 PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute Reversible Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Stenosis Caused by Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Amnon Y. Zlotnick, Jeryes Shehadeh, Moshe Y. Flugelman, Sylvie A. Bursztein-De Myttenaere, Tamar Gaspar, Avinoam Shiran
Journal: Circulation (2008)
High potency cannabis
Authors: W. Hall, L. Degenhardt
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A recent study by Di Forti and colleagues suggests that daily use of “skunk”— cannabis with high levels of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and low levels of cannabidiol—is a contributory cause of schizophrenia. The study compared patterns of cannabis use in first episode cases of psychosis andmatched controls recruited from areas in south London. It found equally high rates of cannabis use in cases and controls, but cases were three to five times more likely to report daily use of skunk than controls, and this association persisted after statistical adjustment for confounders. The researchers estimated that one in four new cases of schizophrenia in this area of London were attributable to skunk, if the association is causal. Their finding fits with prospective studies of the association between cannabis and schizophrenia. For example, a 27 year follow-up of 50 000 Swedish conscripts found a dose response relation between the number of times cannabis had been used by age 18 and the risk of receiving a diagnosis of schizophrenia. This relation persisted after adjustment for potential confounders. Prospective studies in Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, and New Zealand 7 have found that regular cannabis users are twice as likely to report psychotic symptoms as peers who do not use cannabis. Other explanations
Arterial Sodium Content in Experimental Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: ROBERT ZELIS, CATHERINE S. DELEA, HENRY NEAL COLEMAN, DEAN T. MASON
Journal: Circulation (1970)

This study sought to determine whether the electrolyte content of peripheral arteries is altered in experimental congestive heart failure (CHF) and whether such change, if present, would help to explain the abnormal vascular stiffness seen in human CHF. The concentrations of sodium (Na + ) and potassium (K + ) were determined in samples of aorta (Ao) and femoral arterial branches (FA) of 17 dogs. Six had ascites due to CHF produced by rapid ventricular pacing (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure [LVEDP] 26.2 mm Hg and maximal velocity of myocardial shortening [V max ] 2.39 circumferences/sec). In the 11 animals in the control group pacing was stopped prior to the onset of CHF or the animals were not paced (LVEDP, 8.8 mm Hg and V max , 2.98 circumferences/sec). In CHF, mean Ao Na + was 38.0 ± 2.3 mEq/100 g dry weight and FA Na + was 44.2 ± 3.2 mEq/100 g. These were significantly higher than similar samples taken from the 11 normal dogs (Na + , 31.9 ± 1.6 [ P &lt; 0.05] and 31.9 ± 1.8 [ P &lt; 0.01] mEq/100 g, respectively). Although the water content tended to be higher and K + tended to be lower in animals with CHF, these values were not significantly different from normal.
MEDICAL ASPECTS OF COLITIS
Authors: WILLIAM J. MALLORY
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Colonic disease occurs in tuberculosis, syphilis, amebiasis, neoplasms, achylia gastrica, pernicious anemia, sprue, pellagra, exophthalmic goiter, Addison's disease, actinomycosis, chronic uremia and mercury and arsenic poisoning. In the present discussion, these diseases will be omitted from consideration. The form of colitis to be discussed here may be defined as a condition of the colon, beginning with evidences of irritation, especially the descending and sigmoid portions, occurring usually after the age of 30, and passing through repeated relapses and several stages of increasing severity to actual inflammation and ulceration. It is characterized by constipation of the spastic type, alternating with explosive attacks of diarrhea, with painful abdominal cramps and the passage of mucus. In long standing cases, blood and pus may be present. Reflex gastric disturbances are a part of the symptomatology. No one specific cause is known, though the following factors are generally recognized as contributory to its development. First
ASTHMA DUE TO A FUNGUS— ALTERNARIA
Authors: J. G. HOPKINS
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Cooke<sup>1</sup>was probably the first to emphasize the importance of dust as a cause of asthma. In 1922 he reported that in 327 cases of asthma a reaction to dust of diagnostic importance was found in 109, or 33 per cent. He found the activity of the dust was diminished when it was heated at 100 C. in a sealed tube and was destroyed when it was boiled in an open vessel. He was unable to correlate this reaction in his patients with their sensitization to known constituents of dust. He states in his conclusions: "The new procedure of testing dust extracts... has shown the presence of a substance in common house dusts which is an important factor but the nature and source of which are as yet unknown." Cooke's observations on the frequency of dust sensitiveness in asthma have been abundantly confirmed. McLaughlin<sup>2</sup>reported that, of 1,186
In vitro bioactivity of glass and glass-ceramics of the 3CaO·P2O5–CaO·SiO2–CaO·MgO·2SiO2 system
Authors: A.J Salinas, J Román, M Vallet-Regi, J.M Oliveira, R.N Correia, M.H Fernandes
Journal: Biomaterials (2000)
ABC of antenatal care. Antepartum haemorrhage.
Authors: G Chamberlain
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Antepartum haemorrhage is bleeding from the genital tract between 28 completed weeks of pregnancy and the onset of labour.Many of the causes exist before this time and can produce bleeding.Although strictly speaking such bleeding is not an antepartum haemorrhage, the old fashioned 7T definition is not appropriate for modern neonatal management.The placental bed is the commonest site of antepartum haemorrhage; in a few cases bleeding is from local causes in the genital tract whereas in a substantial remainder the bleeding has no obvious cause but it is probably still from the placental bed.h.m .
Abstract 3524: Structure-based molecular docking of DNA polymerase β as a novel target for chemotherapeutic intervention of colorectal cancer
Authors: Aruna S. Jaiswal, Sanjeev Banerjee, Ritu Aneja, Fazlul H. Sarkar, David A. Ostrov, Satya Narayan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. In the year 2010, an estimated 102,900 new colorectal cases will be diagnosed and 51,370 deaths will occur in the United States only. Chemoprevention presents a major strategy for the medical management of colorectal cancer risk. Most drugs used for colorectal cancer therapy induce DNA alkylation damage, which are primarily repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Thus, blockade of BER pathway is an attractive option to inhibit the spread of colorectal cancer. Here we used structure-based molecular docking of DNA polymerase β (Pol-β) and identified a potent anti-Pol-β compound NSC-124854. Our aim was to examine whether NSC-124854 could enhance the therapeutic efficacy of DNA-alkylating agent, Temozolomide (TMZ), by blocking BER. First, we determined the specificity of NSC-124854 for Pol-β by using in vitro activities of APE1, Fen1, DNA ligase I, and Pol-β-directed single nucleotide (SN)- and long-patch (LP)-BER. Second, we determined the effect of NSC-124854 on the cytotoxicity of TMZ to mismatch repair (MMR)-deficient and MMR-proficient colon cancer cells by using in vitro clonogenic assays. Third, we used female homozygous SCID mice as a pre-clinical xenograft model to determine the effect of NSC-124854 on the in vivo tumor growth inhibition of MMR-deficient and MMR-proficient colonic tumors in mice. Our data showed that NSC-124854 elicit specificity to Pol-β and blocked Pol-β-directed SN- and LP-BER activities in vitro reconstituted system. Furthermore, NSC-124854 effectively induced the sensitivity of TMZ to MMR-deficient and MMR-proficient colon cancer cells both in vitro cell culture system and in vivo mouse model. Our findings suggest a potential novel strategy for the development of highly specific, and thus safer structure-based inhibitor(s) for the prevention of colonic tumor progression. This work has been supported by NCI/NIH grants (R01 CA-097031 and CA-100247) to SN. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3524. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3524
Israeli forces are accused of wide ranging human rights violations in Gaza last summer
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<b>Objectives:</b> To investigate the relation between perceived neighbourhood environment, social contact and support, and self efficacy, on the health of older people. <b>Design:</b> British cross sectional population survey of people aged 65 and over. <b>Participants:</b> 999 people aged 65 plus living at home in Britain. <b>Results:</b> Regression modelling showed that high self efficacy had a strong independent association with better self rated health status and physical functioning. Indicators of perceived neighbourhood environment that showed strong associations with both good health and functioning were: perceptions of good quality facilities in the area (social/leisure, facilities for people aged 65+, rubbish collection, health services, transport, closeness to shops, somewhere nice to walk), and high levels of neighbourliness (knows/trusts people). Perceptions of problems in the area (noise, crime, air quality, rubbish/litter, traffic, graffiti) were also predictive of poorer health. Measures of social contact and support did not show any independent associations with health or functioning. <b>Conclusions:</b> The unique value of this paper is in the simultaneous analysis of associations between perceived neighbourhood, social contact and support, self efficacy, and health. The consistent strength of older people’s perceptions of the quality of facilities in their neighbourhoods shows that responsive reinforcement of local infrastructures might have wider health benefits. Also of interest was the strength of self efficacy as a predictor of self rated health and physical functioning. The results have implications for both neighbourhood level interventions and self management programmes in chronic illness.
The role and regulation of friend of GATA-1 (FOG-1) during blood development in the zebrafish
Authors: Julio D. Amigo, Gabriele E. Ackermann, John J. Cope, Ming Yu, Jeffrey D. Cooney, Dongdong Ma, Nathaniel B. Langer, Ebrahim Shafizadeh, George C. Shaw, Wyatt Horsely, Nikolaus S. Trede, Alan J. Davidson, Bruce A. Barut, Yi Zhou, Sarah A. Wojiski, David Traver, Tyler B. Moran, George Kourkoulis, Karl Hsu, John P. Kanki, Dhvanit I. Shah, Hui Feng Lin, Robert I. Handin, Alan B. Cantor, Barry H. Paw
Journal: Blood (2009)
Effect of chronic bombesin on pancreatic size, composition and secretory function in the rat.
Authors: C Stock-Damge, E Lhoste, M Aprahamian, A Pousse
Journal: Gut (1987)

Bombesin administered subcutaneously to rats, three times daily for four days, induces pancreatic growth at a dose of 10 micrograms/kg. Growth was characterised by an increased pancreatic weight and content in protein and RNA, accompanied by cellular hypertrophy. Chronic bombesin also enhanced the pancreatic content in chymotrypsin and to a lesser degree its contents in amylase and lipase. The volume of the secretion and the output of enzymes in response to CCK under an infusion of secretin, however, remained unchanged although the functional capacity of individual cells to secret amylase and lipase was reduced. It is concluded that chronic bombesin exerts a trophic action on the rat pancreas but decreases the sensitivity of each cell to hormonal stimulation.
Right Subdiaphragmatic Crescent Photopenia
Authors: Te-Chun Hsieh, Chia-Hung Kao, Chih-Hsiu Wang, Yu-Chin Wu, Kuo-Yang Yen, Yu-Yi Lin, Shung-Shung Sun
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Chilaiditi sign, also called hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the bowel, is an unusual incidental finding on the routine chest radiograph and manifests as subdiaphragmatic air. This finding is usually benign but is often mistaken as pneumoperitoneum if clinicians are unaware of this possible etiology. On the contrary, radionuclide images of such incidents usually present as positive findings with increased tracer uptake in the bowel. However, we recently encountered an atypical FDG PET finding of a Chilaiditi sign revealing right subdiaphragmatic crescent photopenia only. Although unusual, this case may prove to be a theoretically possible finding. It also demonstrates that such findings should prompt the consideration of including the Chilaiditi sign in the differential diagnosis, and not be routinely regarded as an artifact of FDG PET image acquisition or reconstruction.
Diffuse Telangiectasias on the Lower Extremities
Authors: Jessica Kaffenberger, Klaus Helm
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Is the Whole Larger Than the Sum of the Parts? The Promise of Combining Physical Activity and Diet to Improve Cancer Outcomes
Authors: Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Anne McTiernan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

In 2003, the National Cancer Institute identified the need for research examining the integrated effects of physical activity, diet, andweightinmultiplearenastoreducethecancerburden. 1 Before that time, most research on the effect of these health and lifestyle factors had examined the effect on one factor at a time, although a number of epidemiologic studies had adjusted for the potential confounding of other factors to identify whether the effect of one factor was independent of other factors. However, given that patterns of physical activity, diet, and weight are often correlated it may be difficult to determine the isolated independent effect of these complex health behaviors within human populations. In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the report by Pierce et al 2 on the beneficial effect on breast cancer survival of the combination of a physically active lifestyle with high vegetable and fruit intake is responsive to the National Cancer Institute call for research examining the integration of physical activity, diet, and weight.ThepresentstudybyPierceetalusedwomenenrolledonto the control arm of the ongoing Women’s Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Study, which is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on the effect of a plant-based diet on future breast cancer events.IncontrasttotheWHELRCT,whichfocusedondietalone, this observational study investigates the effect on breast cancer mortality of specific aspects of a variety of health and lifestyle factors: diet (vegetables and fruit, energy intake, percent energy from fat, and fiber), physical activity, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking, as well as the combined effect of low compared with high levels of vegetable and fruit consumption and physical activity. The WHEL RCT was not designed to test the effectofphysicalactivity,butthecomparisongroupwithinthetrial
772-2 Local Intracoronary Delivery of Heparin and of a Somatostatin Analogue (Octreotide) Following Angioplasty in Man: Evaluation of Efficacy of Delivery by Radio-Isotopic Technique
Authors: Edoardo Camenzind, Ambroos Reys, Jurgen Ligthart, Willem Bakker, Inge van Geijlswijk, Paolo Fioretti, Eric Krenning, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
History of Pediatrics 1850-1950
Authors: Daniel R. Neuspiel
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Who were the founding figures in pediatrics in the Western world? What is the origin of terms such as<i>formula</i>and<i>kwashiorkor</i>? This book answers these and many other questions while reviewing a formative century in the development of pediatrics as a scientific field. The multiple authors, some of whom participated in the historical events described, are an international group of pediatric experts. The excellent chapter by Ballabriga on pediatrics in Europe gives a useful framework of social setting and important individuals in the development of knowledge of childhood diseases. Subsequent chapters follow on pediatrics in Germany, Britain, France, the United States, and Mexico. Although this multinational survey is by no means complete, it gives a generous overview of the major figures in pediatrics and a somewhat less entire view of the social, educational, and scientific forces that led to the emergence of this field. The second part of the
Improvements in Medical Education.
Authors: Fenton B. Turck
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Chicago, May 19, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have within the past few years been delivering special lectures at medical schools both in the East and in the West, and during that time I have made some observations concerning the state of medical education in this country, which, though not new to the readers ofThe Journal, may, nevertheless, be of interest to them. It need hardly be said that, wherever I went, I found such an<i>esprit de corps</i>among the members of the profession as, in spite of their many differences in theory and practice, constituted them a real brotherhood. There was also manifested in the schools an earnestness and candor which argues well for the future. The good work accomplished was so patent that I may be excused from dwelling upon it at any greater length. In pointing out some of the defects in the present system
Lincomycin and Clindamycin Colitis
Authors: S. A. Taylor, F. E. Dische
Journal: BMJ (1974)

exposed to antigens of banal viruses such as influenza.'6 Macrophages from animals so sensitized constitute a faulty indicator sys- tem for human lymphocyte-P.P.D. interac- tion.We have, however, found that even with guinea-pigs which have not been rigorously shielded from "spontaneous" sensi- tization and so show clear evidence of sensi- tivity to E.F. and P.P.D. it is still possible to obtain positive results in the L.A.D. test if thyroid is used as test antigen for the human lymphocytes instead of P.P.D. In- deed, if the same M.S. lymphocytes are tested with both thyroid and P.P.D., then the high result characteristic of the disease is obtained with thyroid but not with P.P.D. Results with the latter seem to be randomly distributed depending upon a number of factors not as yet studied.Two examples from our protocols are set out in the table.It will be seen that when an animal which is not presensitized to E.F. and P.P.D. is used as the source of indicator macrophages the customary high result is found with both P.P.D. and thyroid.When, however, a pre- sensitized guinea-pig is used for the macro- phages then the high result is obtained only with the unrelated thyroid antigen.'All these experiments were carried out with the ori- ginal macrophage electrophoretic mobility (M.E.M.) test.2The importance of these results is that they (1) underline the need for the use of guinea-pigs free from "spontaneous" sensi- tization, (2) show that it is possible for those who do not have access to a protected source of anmials to carry out M.S. testing with thyroid antigen, and (3) explain the difficul- ties experienced by Foster et al. in their work with P.
MIP-1α (CCL3) is a downstream target of FGFR3 and RAS-MAPK signaling in multiple myeloma
Authors: Esther Masih-Khan, Suzanne Trudel, Carla Heise, Zhihua Li, Joshua Paterson, Vincent Nadeem, Ellen Wei, David Roodman, Jaime O. Claudio, P. Leif Bergsagel, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2006)