tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Ethics of Heart Transplantation
Authors: Irvine H. Page
Journal: JAMA (1969)

It seems a pity we have to spend so much time discussing and documenting not the scientific aspects of heart transplantation but the diverse problems related to it. However, a critical evaluation of these "happenings" can be most valuable, particularly in exposing for possible correction many of the unspoken and unexplored facets of medical practice and ethics. It is time to examine methods of scientific communication, criteria of death, confidentiality, rights of individuals, and the behavior of physicians, all quite aside from the value of cardiac transplantation as an experiment or a practical treatment. But I must warn you that I am no better prepared than anyone else to give definitive answers. My only claim to be heard is based on seniority and my belief that those who ignore the mistakes of the past are doomed to repeat them. I shall place my views at your disposal for consideration, not
Don't forget antipsychotics
Authors: D. Degner
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Investigating how visual inputs are encoded in visual cortex is important for elucidating the roles of cell populations in circuit computations. We here use a recently developed, large-scale model of mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and perturb both single neurons as well as functional- and cell-type defined population of neurons to mimic equivalent optogenetic perturbations. First, perturbations were performed to study the functional roles of layer 2/3 excitatory neurons in inter-laminar interactions. We observed activity changes consistent with the canonical cortical model (Douglas and Martin 1991). Second, single neuron perturbations in layer 2/3 revealed a center-surround inhibition-dominated effect, consistent with recent experiments. Finally, perturbations of multiple excitatory layer 2/3 neurons during visual stimuli of varying contrasts indicated that the V1 model has both efficient and robust coding features. The circuit transitions from predominantly broad like-to-like inhibition at high contrasts to predominantly specific like-to-like excitation at low contrasts. These <i>in silico</i> results demonstrate how the circuit can shift from redundancy reduction to robust codes as a function of stimulus contrast.
BONESETTING AND THE TREATMENT OF PAINFUL JOINTS
Authors: F. Romer, L. E. Creasy
Journal: BMJ (1911)

The prescribing chemist does an extensive business in every town and large village.He prescribes commonly for slight ailments, and is usually alert, when danger threatens,-to advise his customer to seek medical advice; but in the large towns many have the sign " Consulting Chemist " outbside their shops, and openly advise, prescribe for, and treat all kinds of illness, and even visit customers at their own homes.The chemist also usually describes himself as a '.' prac- tical opticiav," and prescribes and sells glasses for all sorts of optical defects and diseases.The so-called "opticians," who are usually jewellers, not only prescribe glasses, but advertise that they do so " on the same prin- ciples as employed by the leading London ophthalmic hospitals and surgeons."Proprietary medicines, such as Mother Seigel's Syrup, Clarke's Blood Mixture, Guy's Tonic, Beecham's Pills, Zambuk, have enormous sales amongst all classes of the community, and especially amongst the working classes, and many a patient who sees his doctor and goes.away without thinking of his fee will pay in cash various sums, from l. lid. to 1Os.6d., for a quack remedy, the vendor of which is too wise to sell it except in exchange for ready money.
Do GPs deserve their pay rise?
Authors: G H Hall
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Editor—Income based medicine (IBM) is replacing evidence based medicine (EBM).1 When general practitioners are more concerned about whether the blood pressure is down to 140 systolic than whether the acute sciatica has subsided, a serious divergence develops between the priorities of the patient and the doctor. The government pays the piper, but we who pay the government can't call the tune.
Outcome of ABCA4 Disease-Associated Alleles in Autosomal Recessive Retinal Dystrophies
Authors: Rosa Riveiro-Alvarez, Miguel-Angel Lopez-Martinez, Jana Zernant, Jana Aguirre-Lamban, Diego Cantalapiedra, Almudena Avila-Fernandez, Ascension Gimenez, Maria-Isabel Lopez-Molina, Blanca Garcia-Sandoval, Fiona Blanco-Kelly, Marta Corton, Sorina Tatu, Patricia Fernandez-San Jose, Maria-Jose Trujillo-Tiebas, Carmen Ramos, Rando Allikmets, Carmen Ayuso
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)
ANAPHYLACTIC PHENOMENA AFTER TOXIN-ANTITOXIN
Authors: S. A. Wahl
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have noted several queries inThe Journalas to the toxicity, if any, from the active immunization against diphtheria by periodic injections of toxin-antitoxin mixture. I have immunized a few thousand children during the last four years, without any definite reaction till recently. A 10 months old baby had received two injections of the toxin-antitoxin mixture at two week intervals, without any reaction other than the usual local redness at the site of the injection. About ten minutes after the third injection, which was twenty-eight days and fourteen days, respectively, after the first and second injections, the child developed hyperpnea lasting a few seconds, then dyspnea for only a very few seconds; it became moderately cyanotic for perhaps thirty seconds, and, finally, two or three minutes later, giant urticaria appeared on the face and neck, and spread rapidly over the chest, abdomen and lower extremities. However,
Gaucher's Disease: Diagnosis by Sternal Puncture
Authors: M. L. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Dermoid cysts of the ovaries are not infrequently bilateral, so it is especially important that the scope of conservative surgery should be realized.Furthermore, they often occur in young women who have their child-bearing future ahead.Enucleation of such cysts is the operation of choice in young women.The operation is easy, tidy, and surprisingly bloodless.I have found diathermy helpful in stopping any slight oozing from the tumour bed.Bonney (1937) has recorded cases similar to the above, and has emphasized that there are many ovarian conditions which, as a general rule, should be treated by conservative surgery.
Convulsions at Christmas.
Authors: S. Kirker
Journal: BMJ (1992)

flotation aid is worn around the ankle; approximately one and a half times the neoprene of one knee support would be required to correct flotation.Neoprene boots support twice the weight of a knee replacement and so would correct flotation (with the added benefit of verruca protection).Patients wishing to swim after knee replacement surgery should be warned that the weight of the prosthesis will affect their flotation, and they should take care when first attempting to swim.If swim- ming is difficult then flotation aids such as neoprene supports or boots may be beneficial.
Beyond the surgery. Quadrathon.
Authors: C Smith
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Liver transplantation is accepted as an effective therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, recurrence is one of the most fatal complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intratumoral immunotherapy using <i>IL-12</i> gene therapy and dendritic cell injection for the purpose of effective treatment for HCC under conditions of immunosuppression. We found that the combined immunotherapy significantly induced sustained and high amounts of intratumoral IL-12 and IFN-γ proteins and that it induced high HCC-specific CTL activity under immunosuppression as compared with each monotherapy or control. The combined immunotherapy also exerted effective antitumor effects on the immunosuppressed host, resulting in significant suppression of growth of the s.c. established tumor and complete suppression of lung and liver metastasis, without rejection of a fully allogeneic skin graft. These antitumor effects were dependent on both T cells and NK cells. Noteworthily, the combined intratumoral immunotherapy and tumor resection (that is, neoadjuvant immunotherapy) resulted in achievement of tumor-free and long-term survival of the some immunosuppressed mice, even when the mice were challenged with i.v. injection of HCC at the time of tumor resection. In contrast, all of the mice treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy using monotherapy or control therapy suffered from lung and liver metastasis. These results suggest that intratumoral neoadjuvant immunotherapy using <i>IL-12</i> gene therapy and dendritic cell therapy is a potent effective strategy to control recurrence of HCC in patients after liver transplantation for HCC and may be applicable to general cancer treatment.
Mediterranean Diet Inversely Associated With the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: the SUN Prospective Cohort
Authors: Dario Giugliano, Antonio Ceriello, Katherine Esposito
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

We read with interest the article of Tortosa et al. (1) describing an inverse association between adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern and the cumulative incidence of metabolic syndrome in a cohort study involving 2,563 Spanish university graduates followed prospectively for 6 years. This study adds to the mounting epidemiological evidence indicating that adherence to a healthy lifestyle, including healthy dietary patterns, is associated with reduced incidence and prevalence …
LAW AND MEDICINE
Authors: Wilma B. Adametz
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and pneumonia in Glasgow, 1962-5.
Authors: N. R. Grist, C. A. Ross, E. J. Stott
Journal: BMJ (1967)

In evaluating the importance of the different viruses associated with acute respiratory illnesses particular attention is deserved by those viruses which contribute substantially to pneumonia, the most severe of these disease syndromes.Early studies in Glasgow (Grist and Landsman, 1955 ; Grist, 1959) showed good correspondence between peaks of pneumonia notifications and outbreaks of influenza, usually in the first quarter of the year, as had also been reported by Stuart-Harris (1953).In infants, however, notifications of pneumonia showed indepen- dent peaks, usually in the last quarter of the year, suggesting that some other agent was important in this age group (Russell, 1957).
Erythropoietic Porphyria of the Fox Squirrel Sciurus niger
Authors: Ephraim Yale Levin, Vagn Flyger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Uroporphyrin I is found in high concentration in the bones, teeth, blood, soft tissues, and urine of the fox squirrel, Sciurus niger. The concentration of uroporphyrin in fox squirrel spleen is much higher than in liver, kidney or bone marrow, probably because of accumulation from phagocytosed red cells. Bleeding causes a marked increase in the uroporphyrin concentration of red cells and spleen, and a 3-8-fold increase in uroporphyrin excretion. Urinary excretion of δ-aminolevulinic acid and porphobilinogen is not greater in fox squirrels than in nonporphyric gray squirrels. Sciurus carolinensis, used as controls. In all these characteristics, as well as in the previously demonstrated deficiency of the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase in red cells, the physiological porphyria of fox squirrels resembles congenital erythropoietic porphyria, a hereditary disease of man and cattle. For squirrels differ in showing no evidence of cutaneous photosensitivity or hemolytic anemia.
Observations on Scurvy as It Was Developed in Bath and Its Neighbourhood, in the Spring of 1847
Authors: J. Barrett
Journal: BMJ (1849)

In the conversation which followed, Dr. Davies stated that he had, as Physician to the Bath United Hospital, two veases which got well under the use of lemon juice.My informAtion was derived from the books of the Hospital, in which no s ases are entered.I think I am therefore justified in saving, that during 1847 there was rather an absence than a tendency to
Clinical and Psychosocial Correlates of Antenatal Depression: A Review
Authors: T. Kitamura, S. Shima, M. Sugawara, M.A. Toda
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

In contrast to the considerable research on postnatal depression, less attention has been paid to that occurring during pregnancy – antenatal depression (AD). However, recent investigations have studied depression among pregnant women not necessarily requiring psychiatric hospitalization but needing psychological support and help. A controlled study showed that the rate of AD was significantly higher than that of depression among non-pregnant women: the reported incidence varies between 4 and 29%. AD was found to be associated with: (1) obstetric factors (first pregnancy, first delivery, and past history of abortion); (2) early experience (loss of father); (3) personality (high neuroticism score); (4) attitudes towards the present pregnancy (perplexity of the husband); (5) accomodation factors (non-detached housing, and expected crowdedness after birth of the child, and (6) social support (low level of intimacy with the husband). Differential effects of these factors in the development of AD are to be studied in future research, particularly in conjunction with investigation of hormonal variables.
Is Diabetes Increasing?
Authors: M. V. Ball
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Philadelphia, July 31, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In an editorial in one of your recent numbers the stand is taken that diabetes is increasing in England and America, because the reports from city hospitals show an increase. I will not attempt to dispute the figures, but I only wish to point out a possible cause for the increase. Diabetes is supposed to be common among Jews. In the last fifteen years there has been a great influx of Jews from Russia to both England and America, and as a rule they remain in the cities. To my own personal knowledge the patients who present themselves at the dispensaries of the large Philadelphia hospitals are largely from this class, consequently this fact alone may serve to increase the number of cases of diabetes in London, New York and Philadelphia. No doubt other diseases peculiar to races will be found to be
Proliferation markers Ki67 and PCNA in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas: lack of prognostic value
Authors: J. Kanitkis, D. Narvaez, S. Euvrard, M. Faure, A. Claudy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Proliferation markers Ki67 and PCNA in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas: lack of prognostic value Get access J. Kanitkis, J. Kanitkis Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital (Pav. R), 69437 Lyon ex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Narvaez, D. Narvaez Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital (Pav. R), 69437 Lyon ex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Euvrard, S. Euvrard Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital (Pav. R), 69437 Lyon ex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Faure, M. Faure Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital (Pav. R), 69437 Lyon ex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Claudy A. Claudy Department of Dermatology, Ed. Herriot Hospital (Pav. R), 69437 Lyon ex 03, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 4, 1 April 1997, Pages 643–644, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb02173.x Published: 01 April 1997
Handwashing programmes could be intervention of choice for diarrhoeal diseases
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Handwashing could prevent more than one million deaths a year from diarrhoeal diseases. A new systematic review that set out to determine the impact of washing hands with soap in the community worldwide concludes that handwashing could reduce the risk of diarrhoea by up to 47%.

“On current evidence, washing hands with soap can reduce the risk of diarrhoeal diseases by 42–47% and interventions to promote hand washing might save a million lives. In the absence of adequate mortality studies, we extrapolate the potential number of diarrhoea deaths that could be averted by hand washing …
The severity of brain injury and female gender predict myocardial necrosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Povee P. Tung, Alexander Kopelnik, Nader M. Banki, Kenneth C. Ong, Nerissa U. Ko, Michael T. Lawton, Daryl R. Gress, Barbara Drew, Elyse Foster, William W. Parmley, Jonathan G. Zaroff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The pulmonary vascular complications of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: M. E. Faughnan, J. T. Granton, L. H. Young
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder, characterised by the presence of vascular malformations. The pulmonary vascular complications of HHT include pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary hypertension associated with high-output heart failure and liver vascular malformations and, finally, pulmonary arterial hypertension secondary to HHT. In the present review, the authors describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of all three pulmonary vascular presentations of HHT, as well as the underlying genetics and pathophysiology.
An Attenuated Adenovirus, ONYX-015, As Mouthwash Therapy for Premalignant Oral Dysplasia
Authors: Charles M. Rudin, Ezra E.W. Cohen, Vassiliki A. Papadimitrakopoulou, Sol Silverman, Wendy Recant, Adel K. El-Naggar, Kirsten Stenson, Scott M. Lippman, Waun Ki Hong, Everett E. Vokes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Dysplastic lesions of the oral epithelium are known precursors of oral cancer. A significant proportion of oral dysplastic lesions have functional defects in p53 response pathways. The ONYX-015 adenovirus is selectively cytotoxic to cells carrying defects in p53-dependent signaling pathways. The current study sought to establish the feasibility and activity of ONYX-015 administered topically as a mouthwash to patients with clinically apparent and histologically dysplastic lesions of the oral mucosa.A total of 22 patients (19 assessable patients) were enrolled onto the study. ONYX-015 was administered on three different schedules to consecutive cohorts. Biopsies of the involved mucosa were performed to evaluate histologic response and changes in expression of putative markers of malignant potential, including p53, cyclin D1, and Ki-67. Serology was performed to measure antiadenoviral titers.Histologic resolution of dysplasia was seen in seven (37%) of 19 patients, and the grade of dysplasia improved in one additional patient. The majority of responses were transient. No toxicity greater than grade 2 (febrile episode in one patient) was observed. Only one of seven patients demonstrated an increase in circulating antiadenoviral antibody titer while on therapy. Although responding and resistant lesions had similar mean p53 staining at baseline, histologic response correlated with a decrease in p53 positivity over time. Significant changes in cyclin D1 or Ki-67 were not observed. Viral replication was confirmed in two of three lesions examined.This novel approach to cancer prevention is tolerable, feasible, and has demonstrable activity.
Recombinant Human Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Inhibits Growth of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2–Overexpressing Breast Tumors and Potentiates Herceptin Activity <i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Lori Jerome, Nezha Alami, Sylvie Belanger, Viviane Page, Qingnan Yu, Jesse Paterson, Laura Shiry, Mark Pegram, Brian Leyland-Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Clinical studies indicate that Herceptin (trastuzumab), a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor, provides a significant but transient survival advantage to a subset of patients with HER-2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer when given as a first-line agent. Increased insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling has recently been identified as a potential factor adversely influencing the response to Herceptin. We examined the effect of recombinant human IGF binding protein 3 (rhIGFBP-3), an antagonist of IGF-IR signaling, in Herceptin-resistant breast cells in vitro and in tumors in vivo. Consistent with results obtained using HER-2- or IGF-IR-transfected cells (MCF-7/HER2-18 and SKBR3/IGF-IR, respectively), we found that rhIGFBP-3 significantly reduced IGF-I-induced IGF-IR phosphorylation and displayed a synergistic interaction with Herceptin against cultured HER-2-overexpressing breast cancer cells in vitro. We show, for the first time, the antitumor activity of rhIGFBP-3 against advanced-stage MCF-7/HER2-18–transfected human breast cancer xenografts and its potentiation of Herceptin activity. We also provide evidence that IGF-IR activation counters the early suppressive effect of Herceptin on HER-2 signaling via Akt and p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and that inhibition of HER-2-overexpressing human breast tumor growth by rhIGFBP-3 is associated with restored down-regulation of Akt and p44/p42 MAPK phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. These results emphasize the merit of evaluating simultaneous blockade of the HER-2 and IGF-IR pathways using combination therapy with rhIGFBP-3 plus Herceptin in human clinical trials of patients with HER-2-positive breast cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(14): 7245-52)