tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aortic stenosis surgery in infancy.
Authors: J F Keane, W F Bernhard, A S Nadas
Journal: Circulation (1975)

During the past 14 years, 28 infants (23 males) underwent valvotomy for severe aortic stenosis at the Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston. The median age was two months and the oldest patient was six months old. Congestive heart failure was present in all but two babies. Preoperatively, the electrocardiogram was abnormal in all, with left ventricular hypertrophy and a strain pattern being present in 19. At cardiac catheterization, the peak systolic ejection gradient (PSEG) ranged from 35-130 mm Hg (median 90 mm Hg). Associated cardiac lesions were present in 39%. Twenty-four infants underwent valvotomy with inflow occlusion. Four patients were operated upon using cardiopulmonary bypass. There were eight early and two late deaths. The 18 survivors have been followed from six months to 11 years (median five years). Only four are symptomatic. Mild aortic regurgitation developed postoperatively in six patients, moderate in one and severe enough to require valve replacement in another one. The electrocardiogram improved postoperatively in 15 patients, but became entirely normal only in one. Five children required a repeat valvotomy for residual stenosis 1-10 years after the original procedure (median four years). At this second operation, the majority of the valves were flexible and noncalcified, and valvotomy was accomplished without difficulty. One child who underwent valve replacement for aortic regurgitation at age two years is well seven years later.
Intracardiac echocardiographic guidance and monitoring during aortic and mitral balloon valvuloplasty: In vivo experimental studies
Authors: Steven Schwartz, Brenda Kusay, Natesa Pandian, Rohit Kumar, Sarah Katz, Mark Aronovitz, Marvin Konstam, Bruce Haik, Deeb Salem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Hepatitis From Eating Steamed Clams
Authors: Alan O. Feingold
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Public Health authorities have long banned the sale of shellfish caught in contaminated waters because of the danger of typhoid fever transmission.<sup>1,2</sup>The discovery that shellfish can also transmit hepatitis has strengthened the importance of this ban. While definite outbreaks of hepatitis have occurred when contaminated shellfish have entered commercial distribution, Koff et al<sup>3</sup>demonstrated that eating raw shellfish may be an important mode of transmission for many cases of sporadic hepatitis. They found that steamed (but not fried) clams appear to be epidemiologically implicated as well. They also demonstrated that temperatures during steaming of clams are not high enough or maintained long enough to inactivate the hepatitis virus.<sup>4</sup>However, a case of hepatitis directly associated with eating steamed clams has not been documented. This paper reports a small outbreak from contaminated clams and emphasizes the risk of obtaining shellfish from contaminated waters. <h3>Report of a</h3>
Marked reduction of pancreatic insulin content in male ventromedial hypothalamic-lesioned spontaneously non-insulin-dependent diabetic (Goto-Kakizaki) rats
Authors: Yoshiaki Keno, Katsuto Tokunaga, Shigenori Fujioka, Takashi Kobatake, Kazuaki Kotani, Shingo Yoshida, Makoto Nishida, Iichiro Shimomura, Takao Matsuo, Hiroyuki Odaka, Seiichiro Tarui, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Metabolism (1994)
Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Tsung O. Cheng
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the high incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery remain rather unclear. Consequently, identification of clinical predictors remains the most practical approach, as Dr Mathew and colleagues 1 demonstrated.  Among the predictors of postoperative AF, they listed advanced age and male sex. In a similar study published almost simultaneously, Aranki and colleagues 2 also found advanced age and male sex to be significant predictors. In addition, they found the need for an intraoperative intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) to be an independent predictor. I wonder if the MultiCenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group, which Mathew and colleagues represented, also found this.  Another noteworthy difference between these 2 studies was in the estimation of utilization of hospital resources resulting from this complication. Whereas Mathew et al 1 found the occurrence of postoperative AF was associated with an increase of
PLASTIC WOOD FOR SPLINTING FRACTURES AND IMMOBILIZING JOINTS
Authors: Roland Meisenbach
Journal: JAMA (1928)

It is interesting to note that plastic wood may be very conveniently used for the purpose of splinting fractures after the original dressing has been removed and one still wishes to protect the fracture in some way with a light strong dressing, or for immobilizing a joint following a fracture in the neighborhood of the joint. To those who are not familiar with plastic wood, which has recently been placed on the market, I might say that it may be obtained at any hardware store, and that it is composed of ground wood pulp with some solvent and is of the consistency of putty or even softer. When taken out of the can and allowed to evaporate, it becomes firm and has the strength and other properties of wood. The best method of applying plastic wood to a Colles fracture, for instance, in which one wishes to use a posterior or an
Medicines agency rejects a quarter of requests for documents it holds on drugs
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has released more than 1.6 million pages of documents that it previously treated as confidential, but rejected a quarter of requests in the first two years of its policy to grant access to documents on request.

Since 30 November 2010, researchers, commercial companies, and the general public have been able to request access to “any document originated, received or held by the agency” including clinical study reports, assessment reports, periodic safety update reports, and clinical data submitted by companies seeking marketing authorisation for their products.

In the first two years of this policy the EMA received 455 requests for information—178 in the first year and 277 in the …
Meadow should never have been brought before the GMC
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Doctors and other expert witnesses who give their evidence honestly and in good faith are immune from disciplinary proceedings over anything they say in court, a senior judge at the High Court in London ruled in a ground breaking judgment last week.

Mr Justice Collins held that Roy Meadow, the retired paediatrician who was found guilty of serious professional misconduct and was ordered to be struck off the medical register last year for his role in the Sally Clark murder trial, should never even have been brought before the General Medical Council ( BMJ 2005;331: 177

The ruling makes new law by extending to action by regulators the longstanding immunity from civil actions over their evidence that witnesses in court cases enjoy.

The judge said that regulators such as the GMC could take action only if a complaint about an expert witness was referred by a judge to such bodies. That would bar complainants such as Frank Lockyer, Mrs Clark's father, who initiated the GMC case by complaining about misleading statistical evidence on the risk of two …
A common variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus is associated with estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer
Authors: Christopher A Haiman, Gary K Chen, Celine M Vachon, Federico Canzian, Alison Dunning, Robert C Millikan, Xianshu Wang, Foluso Ademuyiwa, Shahana Ahmed, Christine B Ambrosone, Laura Baglietto, Rosemary Balleine, Elisa V Bandera, Matthias W Beckmann, Christine D Berg, Leslie Bernstein, Carl Blomqvist, William J Blot, Hiltrud Brauch, Julie E Buring, Lisa A Carey, Jane E Carpenter, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J Chanock, Daniel I Chasman, Christine L Clarke, Angela Cox, Simon S Cross, Sandra L Deming, Robert B Diasio, Athanasios M Dimopoulos, W Ryan Driver, Thomas Dünnebier, Lorraine Durcan, Diana Eccles, Christopher K Edlund, Arif B Ekici, Peter A Fasching, Heather S Feigelson, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Florentia Fostira, Asta Försti, George Fountzilas, Susan M Gerty, Graham G Giles, Andrew K Godwin, Paul Goodfellow, Nikki Graham, Dario Greco, Ute Hamann, Susan E Hankinson, Arndt Hartmann, Rebecca Hein, Judith Heinz, Andrea Holbrook, Robert N Hoover, Jennifer J Hu, David J Hunter, Sue A Ingles, Astrid Irwanto, Jennifer Ivanovich, Esther M John, Nicola Johnson, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Rudolf Kaaks, Yon-Dschun Ko, Laurence N Kolonel, Irene Konstantopoulou, Veli-Matti Kosma, Swati Kulkarni, Diether Lambrechts, Adam M Lee, Loïc Le Marchand, Timothy Lesnick, Jianjun Liu, Sara Lindstrom, Arto Mannermaa, Sara Margolin, Nicholas G Martin, Penelope Miron, Grant W Montgomery, Heli Nevanlinna, Stephan Nickels, Sarah Nyante, Curtis Olswold, Julie Palmer, Harsh Pathak, Dimitrios Pectasides, Charles M Perou, Julian Peto, Paul D P Pharoah, Loreall C Pooler, Michael F Press, Katri Pylkäs, Timothy R Rebbeck, Jorge L Rodriguez-Gil, Lynn Rosenberg, Eric Ross, Thomas Rüdiger, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Elinor Sawyer, Marjanka K Schmidt, Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland, Fredrick Schumacher, Gianluca Severi, Xin Sheng, Lisa B Signorello, Hans-Peter Sinn, Kristen N Stevens, Melissa C Southey, William J Tapper, Ian Tomlinson, Frans B L Hogervorst, Els Wauters, JoEllen Weaver, Hans Wildiers, Robert Winqvist, David Van Den Berg, Peggy Wan, Lucy Y Xia, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Wei Zheng, Regina G Ziegler, Afshan Siddiq, Susan L Slager, Daniel O Stram, Douglas Easton, Peter Kraft, Brian E Henderson, Fergus J Couch
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Malignant Hyperpyrexia During Anesthesia
Authors: James F. Arens
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Malignant hyperpyrexia is a rare complication following anesthesia but one that is fatal in more than 70% of cases. In one case studied the patient's temperature reached 104 F (40.0 C). With vigorous treatment she survived in spite of other life-threatening complications. In the syndrome of fulminant hyperpyrexia, prevention is the prime consideration. If a patient develops muscular rigidity, exceedingly hard muscular fasciculations, or trismus following intravenous administration of succinylcholine, the operative procedure should be postponed unless it is an emergency. Temperature recording should be routinely used on all patients undergoing general anesthesia. If possible, spinal or other forms of conduction anesthesia should be employed in a patient who has shown a paradoxical response to succinylcholine intravenously. If block anesthesia cannot be used, then use of nitrous oxide, oxygen, and curare seems to be a rational technique.
Dislocation of Hip.
Authors: D. Colvin
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Clyde, N. Y., Sept. 2, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In looking up some of the literature relative to dislocations of the hip, I especially noticed the remarks made when reviewing the work of Dr. Allis relative to some difficulties attending the reduction of the same, and which I found in theJournalof April 10 of this year. My notice was especially attracted by them, as they reminded me of a case which came under my care in 1859, where the head of the femur was upon the dorsum, which I failed to reduce by every known means except that by Chapman (manipulation), afterward revived by Dr. Reid, which I did not try. Dr. Reid was then a resident of Rochester where, as now, was also the home of "our own" Moore. When obliged to give it up, and having visions of a suit for malpractice (as the accident was
Immunologic Issues in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

This is the second in a series of reports on the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 61st Scientific Sessions held in Philadelphia, PA, in June 2001. It covers topics related to immunity and type 1 diabetes.

Jay Skyler, Miami, FL, presented the results of the parenteral substudy arm of the Diabetes Prevention Trial for Type 1 Diabetes (DPT-1), in which relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes, whose risk of type 1 diabetes is 10- to 20-fold greater than that of the general population, were screened for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and enrolled in a study of insulin administration if they showed high risk of developing diabetes. Animal studies in female nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice have shown this to be an effective treatment, and in the early 1990s, Keller et al. (1) reported a pilot study of 12 individuals with a predicted risk of diabetes; 5 subjects were treated with insulin and 7 subjects declined treatment. By 2.5 years, all of those who declined treatment had developed diabetes; at 5 years, only half of the intervention group had the disease.

The DPT-1 was initiated in 1993. Screening began in February 1994 and randomization began in January 1995; 339 subjects were enrolled, with follow-up ending 13 April 2001. Screening of 89,827 relatives, with 84,228 samples analyzed, showed that 3,152 (3.7%) were ICA positive. A total of 2,103 subjects were staged, 535 having low first-phase insulin response. Of 372 subjects who were eligible for randomization, 339 were randomized. Skyler pointed out that 354 of the 3,152 ICA-positive individuals had actually already developed diabetes, with 156 identified before further testing. The projected annual event rate was 21%, and the actual finding was of 15.1% developing diabetes (in addition to those developing diabetes before randomization). Of the patients who developed diabetes, 60% were sibs, 25% …
The DA VINCI Study: Phase 2 Primary Results of VEGF Trap-Eye in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Diana V. Do, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth, Victor H. Gonzalez, Carmelina M. Gordon, Michael Tolentino, Alyson J. Berliner, Robert Vitti, Rene Rückert, Rupert Sandbrink, David Stein, Ke Yang, Karola Beckmann, Jeff S. Heier
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Incidental Detection of Colon Cancer by FDG Positron Emission Tomography in Patients Examined for Pulmonary Nodules
Authors: HONGMING ZHUANG, MARC HICKESON, THOMAS K. CHACKO, PAULO S. DUARTE, KHOZAIM Z. NAKHODA, QI FENG, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging has been used extensively to diagnose cancer with high rates of sensitivity and specificity. One of its applications is to distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules. It is common to observe colonic uptake on whole-body FDG-PET images. Because patients with lung cancer also tend to be in the age group with the highest incidence of colon cancer, the authors tried to assess the efficacy of FDG-PET for detecting occult colon cancer in patients referred for the evaluation of lung nodules.The records of 500 consecutive patients referred for the evaluation of pulmonary nodules were reviewed retrospectively. Among the patients, 197 had no previous clinical or radiographic evidence of abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract, and none had been found to have any cancer before undergoing an FDG-PET study. All colon lesions were verified either by histologic analysis or by clinical course.Among the 197 patients analyzed, 59 had diffuse colonic uptake in various segments of the colon. Seventeen of the patients had focal colonic uptake, five of which were proved to be colon cancer.The routine use of FDG PET to characterize lung lesions significantly increases the probability of detecting unexpected extrathoracic disease. In these patients, the incidental finding of colon cancer had an important effect on their treatment and may prove to be very cost-effective.
CASE OF ULCERATED STOMACH, CAUSING DEATH BY BEING SUDDENLY DETACHED FROM ITS ADHESION TO THE PERITONEUM
Authors: W. Collyns
Journal: BMJ (1856)

with convulsos, and dies in thre days.One kidney is ozesiTly congested in its tubular portion.The lungs are normal.The occipital sinuse re the only intra- cranial venous canals that are loaded.The meninges are et.The erbral substance is normal.2. A male child, of eighteen months, with large head and of squat figure, thus resembling other members of its
Transfusing Yersinia enterocolitica.
Authors: R. Mitchell, A. Barr
Journal: BMJ (1992)

containing metronidazole.'This indicates that metronidazole resistance on its own is of limited value in evaluating the outcome of treatment.Compliance was measured by counting the number of tablets remaining at the time of the follow up endoscopy.The definition of "eradication" of H pylorz varies from paper to paper.We followed the Sydney Working Party's report on H pylon, which defines eradication as failure to culture the organism at least one month after treatment by using a pre- viously validated technique.2Our cultures were performed with media and techniques described in the same report, except that we omitted antibiotics in the culture medium.This was because our own validation studies showed no difference in results when such selective media were used.A urease test was included to evaluate its usefulness in measuring eradication against our "gold standard," which was culture.Thus our eradication rate is as reported- 95%.We agree with Logan et al that the modified urea breath test has certain advantages, but the necessary equipment is not available in many hospitals.Our data suggest that omeprazole alone is ineffective in eradicating H pylon'.Previous reports on redistribution of H pyloti within the stomach after omeprazole are difficult to interpret as biopsy specimens were taken immediately on stopping omeprazole rather than four weeks later.'Healing ulcers by using anti-helicobacter treatment alone without acid suppression is an interesting idea.A randomised trial studying this possibility is currently in progress in our hospital.
Chromosomes in Noninvasive Papillary Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: William H. Falor
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Noninvasive papillary carcinoma of the bladder has the apparent potential to progress in a matter of months or years to invasive cancer. To identify this malignant potential a cytogenetic study was carried out on nine tumors. The results were then compared with similar studies in 11 invasive tumors. In the seven cases of noninvasive papillary carcinoma suitable for analysis, five karyotypic abnormalities were noted; at least four of these were present in each tumor. Coupled with these karyotypic irregularities were marker chromosomes and aneuploidy constituting a triad common to invasive carcinoma of the bladder. These genetic changes precede histologic evidence of invasiveness but support the clinical concept that noninvasive papillary carcinoma is a stage in the development of invasive carcinoma.
Second moment method for evaluating human health risks from groundwater contaminated by trichloroethylene.
Authors: T L Jacobs, J M Warmerdam, M A Medina, W T Piver
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Pollutants in groundwater aquifers may constitute a significant human health risk. A large variation in response may result among human populations experiencing the same level and duration of exposure to pollutants. Variability in response, as a result of exposure to a carcinogenic contaminant such as trichloroethylene (TCE), can be represented by a distribution function of safe doses. Spatial variability in aquifer characteristics and contaminant transport parameters requires the use of stochastic transport models to quantify variability in exposure concentrations. A second moment method is used to evaluate the probability of exceeding safe dose levels for a contaminated aquifer. The name of this method stems from the fact that the formulation is based on the first and second moments of the random variables. With this method, the probability is a function of the variability of contaminant concentration (which incorporates variability in hydrogeologic parameters such as hydraulic conductivity) and the variability in response in the human population. In this manner, the severity of the health risk posed by a contaminated aquifer and the evaluation of appropriate strategies and technologies for aquifer remediation are a function of contaminant concentrations and human health risks. The applicability and limitations of this method are demonstrated with data on groundwater contaminated by TCE at Hill Air Force Base, Utah.
LOW-DOSE TOLVAPTAN AS FUROSEMIDE ALTERNATIVE PRESERVES RENAL FUNCTION AND RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM DURING INTENSIVE TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Kentaro Jujo, Ahsung Kim, Issei Ishida, Yuki Suzuki, Katsumi Saito
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Letter to the Editor: Cutaneous diphtheria in a migrant from an endemic country in east Africa, Austria May 2014
Authors: S Huhulescu, S Hirk, V Zeinzinger, P Hasenberger, H Skvara, R Müllegger, F Allerberger, A Indra
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: Letter to the Editor: Cutaneous diphtheria in a migrant from an endemic country in east Africa, Austria May 2014, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/26/art20845-en-1.gif
Specific Jagged-1 Signal From Bone Marrow Microenvironment Is Required for Endothelial Progenitor Cell Development for Neovascularization
Authors: Sang-Mo Kwon, Masamichi Eguchi, Mika Wada, Yo Iwami, Katsuhito Hozumi, Hideki Iwaguro, Haruchika Masuda, Atsuhiko Kawamoto, Takayuki Asahara
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Despite accumulating evidence that proves the pivotal role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in ischemic neovascularization, the key signaling cascade that regulates functional EPC kinetics remains unclear.In this report, we show that inactivation of specific Jagged-1 (Jag-1)-mediated Notch signals leads to inhibition of postnatal vasculogenesis in hindlimb ischemia via impairment of proliferation, survival, differentiation, and mobilization of bone marrow-derived EPCs. Bone marrow-derived EPCs obtained from Jag-1-/- mice, but not Delta-like (Dll)-1-/- mice, demonstrated less therapeutic potential for ischemic neovascularization than EPCs from the wild type. In contrast, a gain-of-function study using 3T3 stromal cells overexpressing Notch ligand revealed that Jag-1-mediated Notch signals promoted EPC commitment, which resulted in enhanced neovascularization. The impaired neovascularization in Jag-1-/- mice was profoundly rescued by transplantation of Jag-1-stimulated EPCs.These data indicate that specific Jag-1-derived Notch signals from the bone marrow microenvironment are critical for EPC-mediated vasculogenesis, thus providing an important clue for modulation of strategies for therapeutic neovascularization.