tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coexpression of Actin-Related Protein 2 and Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Family Verproline-Homologous Protein 2 in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung
Authors: Seitaro Semba, Keiichi Iwaya, Jun Matsubayashi, Hiromi Serizawa, Hiroaki Kataba, Takashi Hirano, Harubumi Kato, Takeshi Matsuoka, Kiyoshi Mukai
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Highly invasive and metastatic cancer cells, such as adenocarcinoma of the lung cells, form irregular protrusions by assembling a branched network of actin filaments. In mammalian cells, the actin-related protein 2 and 3 (Arp2/3) complex initiates actin assembly to form lamellipodial protrusions by binding to Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WASP)/WASP family verproline-homologous protein 2 (WAVE2). In this study, colocalization of Arp2 and WAVE2 in adenocarcinoma of the lung was investigated to elucidate its prognostic value. Experimental Design: Immunohistochemical staining of Arp2 and WAVE2 was done on mirror sections of 115 adenocarcinomas of the lung from pathologic stage IA to IIIA classes. Kaplan-Meier disease-free survival and overall survival curves were analyzed to determine the prognostic significance of the coexpression of Arp2 and WAVE2. Results: Immunoreactivity for both Arp2 and WAVE2 was detected in the same cancer cells in 78 (67.8%) of the 115 lung cancer specimens. The proportion of cancer cells expressing both Arp2 and WAVE2 was significantly higher in cases with lymph-node metastasis (P = 0.0046), and significantly lower in bronchioloalveolar carcinomas (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The patients whose cancer cells coexpressed them had a shorter disease-free survival time (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) and overall survival time (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that coexpression of Arp2 and WAVE2 is an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Coexpression of Arp2 and WAVE2 is correlated with poorer patient outcome, and may be involved in the mechanism of cancer metastasis.
Abstract 12560: Targeted Next Generation Exomic Sequencing of Cardiac Electrophysiology Genes in Cases of Drug-Induced Torsades de Pointes
Authors: Andrea H Ramirez, Christian Shaffer, David P Sexton, Shawn Levy, Alfred L George, Dan M Roden
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Prolongation of the QT interval leading to torsades de pointes (TdP), the drug-induced long QT syndrome (diLQTS), is an idiosyncratic, severe adverse drug event. Previous studies scre...
The Separation of Pepsins from Human Gastric Juice
Authors: Max J. Seijffers, Leon L. Miller, Harry L. Segal
Journal: JAMA (1963)

THE EXISTENCE of more than one peptic enzyme in mammalian gastric juice has been suspected by several groups of workers. The evidence for this was mainly indirect and based on the presence of more than one pH optimum, each supposed to represent a separate enzyme. The complete separation of two different peptic enzymes from human gastric juice by Richmond et al<sup>1</sup>and of three pepsin-like enzymes from crude pork pepsin by Ryle and Porter<sup>2</sup>established this for the first time in a more direct way. The correlation between the total peptic activity of the gastric juice and disease has received much attention in the past. The evidence for more than one enzyme has led us to the investigation of the possible relationship between these separate enzymes and gastric disease. For this purpose, it was necessary to develop a simple, reliable method for the separation of these enzymes from
Medical Care Patterns at the Onset of Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Association with Severity and Subsequent Complications
Authors: Richard F Hamman, Magdalena Cook, Sharon Keefer, Walter F Young, Jack L Finch, Dennis Lezotte, Beth Mclaren, Miriam Orleans, Georgeanna Klingensmith, H Peter Chase
Journal: Diabetes Care (1985)

The hospitalization of a child at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has become routine in many parts of the world, although controversy exists about its necessity. We examined the patterns of medical care use and the prognosis for acute complications after diagnosis for children with newly diagnosed IDDM in Colorado from 1978 to 1982. We reasoned that if children cared for entirely in outpatient settings at diagnosis had no more frequent acute complications after diagnosis than hospitalized children, we would be encouraged to further explore other potential benefits of outpatient care at onset. Twelve percent of 305 children studied statewide received only outpatient care during the first 2 wk after diagnosis, and, prognostically, their subsequent hospitalization and ketoacidosis rates were 2–3.7 times lower than those of children who received any inpatient care. No differences were noted for severe insulin reaction rates. Children classified as “severe” at onset, or with parents of lower education and income, or aged 10–14 yr at onset, regardless of care setting, had 2–4 times higher subsequent acute complication rates after onset than children without these characteristics. These findings, together with data on nights hospitalized and average length of stay in hospital at onset, suggest that a 42% reduction in total nights hospitalized could occur if children with “mild” or “normal” severity at onset were treated largely in the outpatient setting.
Reviews and Notes: Infectious Disease Medicine: Hospital Infections
Authors: John A. Sellick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1993Reviews and Notes: Infectious Disease Medicine: Hospital InfectionsJohn A. Sellick, MDJohn A. Sellick, MDState University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-5-199309010-00058 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Hospital InfectionsThird edition. John V. Bennett and Philip S. Brachman; eds. 982 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1992. $105.00.Hospital epidemiologists and infection control practitioners, both novice and seasoned, need a current, accurate and user-friendly compendium of the evolving field of nosocomial infections. Physicians and other health care professionals often require such information on specific topics. The assembly of a text to satisfy these needs is an impressive goal; the third edition of Hospital Infections is suited for the task.The editors are former Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) program directors and the chapter authors are influential researchers, clinicians, and educators ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 5Page: 447KeywordsComputer softwareEpidemiologyHealth careHospital medicineInfectious diseasesLibrariesNosocomial infectionsPathogensQuality improvementStaphylococcus aureus ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Clinical Implications of the DREAM Study
Authors: Mustafa Kanat
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

The following points should be taken into consideration when determining “what circumstances TZDs [thiazolidinediones] should be used in people without documented diabetes,” as questioned by the commentary published in the February issue of Diabetes Care (1).

The DREAM (Diabetes Reduction Assessment with Ramipril and Rosiglitazone Medication) study (2) has limitations that prevent generalizations for individuals with impaired fasting …
The Language of Case Histories
Authors: Ahmed M. Bayoumi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 May 1998The Language of Case HistoriesAhmed M. Bayoumi, MD, MSc and Dena Bravata, MDAhmed M. Bayoumi, MD, MScStanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System; Palo Alto, CA 94304Search for more papers by this author and Dena Bravata, MDStanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System; Palo Alto, CA 94304Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Donnelly has catalogued seven language maladies in the clinical case history [1]. We agree with his list and would like to suggest two additions:1. Using jargon and cliches. In addition to biomedical language, case histories often include stock phrases that are uninformative and depersonalizing. Examples include such terms as “social admission” or “nursing home admission.” Particularly troublesome is the use of age-inappropriate terms, such as ascribing a diagnosis of “failure to thrive” to an elderly person. The remedy for this malady is simple: Such terms have no place in the case history.2. Blaming the ...References1. Donnelly WJ. The language of medical case histories. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:1045-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Stanford University School of Medicine; Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System; Palo Alto, CA 94304 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 876KeywordsElderlyNursing homes Issue Published: 15 May 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
ABNORMAL 256-ROW CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY PREDICTS HIGH LIKELIHOOD FOR REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHEST PAIN
Authors: Ronen Rubinshtein, Oleg Petcherski, Tamar Gaspar, Nathan Peled, Ronen Jaffe, Ron Molnar, Basil Lewis, David Halon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Improving clinical handover between intensive care unit and general ward professionals at intensive care unit discharge
Authors: Nelleke van Sluisveld, Gijs Hesselink, Johannes Gerardus van der Hoeven, Gert Westert, Hub Wollersheim, Marieke Zegers
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2015)

To systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in order to improve the safety and efficiency of patient handover between intensive care unit (ICU) and general ward healthcare professionals at ICU discharge.PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for intervention studies with the aim to improve clinical handover between ICU and general ward healthcare professionals that had been published up to and including June 2013. The methods for article inclusion and data analysis were pre-specified and aligned with recommendations outlined in the PRISMA guideline. Two reviewers independently extracted data (study purpose, setting, population, method of sampling, sample size, intervention characteristics, outcome, and implementation activities) and assessed the quality of the included studies.From the 6,591 citations initially extracted from the six databases, we included 11 studies in this review. Of these, six (55 %) reported statistically significant effects. Effective interventions included liaison nurses to improve communication and coordination of care and forms to facilitate timely, complete and accurate handover information. Effective interventions resulted in improved continuity of care (e.g., reduced discharge delay) and in reduced adverse events. Inconsistent effects were observed for use of care, namely, reduction of length of stay versus increase of readmissions to higher care. No statistically significant effects were found in the reduction of mortality. The overall methodological quality of the 11 studies reviewed was relatively low, with an average score of 4.5 out of 11 points.This review shows that liaison nurses and handover forms are promising interventions to improve the quality of patient handover between the ICU and general ward. More robust evidence is needed on the effectiveness of interventions aiming to improve ICU handover and supportive implementation strategies.
Alexander Logan Speirs
Authors: M. T Higgins
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Alexander Speirs (“Sandy”) was a pioneer in the care of sick children in central Scotland. He was formerly consultant paediatrician at both Stirling Royal Infirmary and Falkirk and District Royal Infirmary. He did his medical training in Aberdeen, including during 1944-7, when he served as surgeon lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR). While in the armed forces he was one of the first doctors in Scotland to administer penicillin to a patient. His senior paediatric training and research continued in Glasgow. He gained an MD with commendation for his thesis on acute bowel infections in children. He was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in Glasgow, Edinburgh, and London, and was a member of the council of the British Paediatric Association.

In 1954 Dr Speirs became a consultant …
Changes in the Brain Stem and Fundus in Malignant Hypertension
Authors: Michael S Lee, Brian J Tienor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 53-year-old man presented with a 4-week history of bilateral retrobulbar headache and blurred vision. His blood pressure was 220/135 mm Hg; his neurologic examination was unremarkable. He had no history of hypertension and was not taking any medication for its treatment. Fundus examination showed bilateral disk edema, lipid exudate (Panel A, short arrow), cotton-wool spots (Panel A, long arrow), a swollen optic nerve (Panel B, long arrow), and retinal hemorrhages (Panel B, short arrow). Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an isolated hyperintense abnormality on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images in the pons and midbrain (Panel C, arrow) . . .
RUPTURE OF LEFT BRONCHUS FROM TRACHEA
Authors: J. Patrick
Journal: BMJ (1917)

Porcelli, carrying out experiments in the South of Europe witlh a hlexavaccine prepared by one of us, found that bacteriolysins were produced in very satisfactory amount for all the germs.He observed also that tlle inoculated rabbits showed complete protection to the subcutaneous injection of virulent B. restis.Inoculation of the Hexavaccine in Man.Six persons were inoculated in tlle tropics in 1913, and recently twenty persons in the Adriatic-Balkanic zone.Tlle reaction, a.s is the case witlh all vaccines con- taining plague, is severe; somewhat less severe, lhowever, than after inoculating with Haffkine's plague monovaccine.The blood of two of the inoculated in- dividuals was examined regularly dui-ing five weeks for agglutinins; tlley developed for typhoid in large amount; for paratyphoid A and paratyphoid B in a fairly satisfactory quantity; for cholera and Malta fever in small amount; and only a trace for plague.On the wlhole the production of agglutinins was similat to tllat observed in control individuals witlh monovaccines; but further re- searches on a much larger number of inoculated individuals will be necessary before coming to a definite general conclusion.CONCLUSIONS.
Systemic Administration of Combinatorial dsiRNAs via Nanoparticles Efficiently Suppresses HIV-1 Infection in Humanized Mice
Authors: Jiehua Zhou, C Preston Neff, Xiaoxuan Liu, Jane Zhang, Haitang Li, David D Smith, Piotr Swiderski, Tawfik Aboellail, Yuanyu Huang, Quan Du, Zicai Liang, Ling Peng, Ramesh Akkina, John J Rossi
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

We evaluated the in vivo efficacy of structurally flexible, cationic PAMAM dendrimers as a small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system in a Rag2‐/‐γc‐/‐ (RAG-hu) humanized mouse model for HIV-1 infection. HIV-infected humanized Rag2‐/‐γc‐/‐ mice (RAG-hu) were injected intravenously (i.v.) with dendrimer-siRNA nanoparticles consisting of a cocktail of dicer substrate siRNAs (dsiRNAs) targeting both viral and cellular transcripts. We report in this study that the dendrimer-dsiRNA treatment suppressed HIV-1 infection by several orders of magnitude and protected against viral induced CD4+ T-cell depletion. We also demonstrated that follow-up injections of the dendrimer-cocktailed dsiRNAs following viral rebound resulted in complete inhibition of HIV-1 titers. Biodistribution studies demonstrate that the dendrimer-dsiRNAs preferentially accumulate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and liver and do not exhibit any discernable toxicity. These data demonstrate for the first time efficacious combinatorial delivery of anti-host and -viral siRNAs for HIV-1 treatment in vivo. The dendrimer delivery approach therefore represents a promising method for systemic delivery of combinations of siRNAs for treatment of HIV-1 infection. We evaluated the in vivo efficacy of structurally flexible, cationic PAMAM dendrimers as a small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system in a Rag2‐/‐γc‐/‐ (RAG-hu) humanized mouse model for HIV-1 infection. HIV-infected humanized Rag2‐/‐γc‐/‐ mice (RAG-hu) were injected intravenously (i.v.) with dendrimer-siRNA nanoparticles consisting of a cocktail of dicer substrate siRNAs (dsiRNAs) targeting both viral and cellular transcripts. We report in this study that the dendrimer-dsiRNA treatment suppressed HIV-1 infection by several orders of magnitude and protected against viral induced CD4+ T-cell depletion. We also demonstrated that follow-up injections of the dendrimer-cocktailed dsiRNAs following viral rebound resulted in complete inhibition of HIV-1 titers. Biodistribution studies demonstrate that the dendrimer-dsiRNAs preferentially accumulate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and liver and do not exhibit any discernable toxicity. These data demonstrate for the first time efficacious combinatorial delivery of anti-host and -viral siRNAs for HIV-1 treatment in vivo. The dendrimer delivery approach therefore represents a promising method for systemic delivery of combinations of siRNAs for treatment of HIV-1 infection.
Cross-lineage T cell receptor gene rearrangements occur in more than ninety percent of childhood precursor-B acute lymphoblastic leukemias: alternative PCR targets for detection of minimal residual disease
Authors: T Szczepański, A Beishuizen, MJ Pongers-Willemse, K Hählen, ER Van Wering, AJM Wijkhuijs, GJM Tibbe, MAC De Bruijn, JJM Van Dongen
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Novel Transgenic Rabbit Model Sheds Light on the Puzzling Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Marc Tjwa, Peter Carmeliet, Lieve Moons
Journal: Circulation (2006)

2][3] Apart from a role in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions, MMPs have also been involved in plaque destabilization and rupture and in the development of aneurysms.Despite intense research efforts during the last decade, it has been challenging to formulate a unifying model on the specific role of MMPs in atherosclerosis.In fact, mouse genetic studies have yielded controversial insights, highly dependent on genetic background, dietary regimen, and arterial site of analysis, whereas human genetic association studies do not prove causality of MMPs in atherosclerosis.Moreover, the lack of specific inhibitors precluded pharmacological dissection of the role of MMPs in vivo.There is thus a need for alternative strategies to decipher the MMP puzzle in atherosclerosis.In this issue of Circulation, Liang et al 4 used a novel approach: They generated transgenic rabbits to study the role of MMP-12, also known as macrophage elastase, in atherosclerosis.Their results indicate that MMP-12 causes media destruction and pseudoaneurysm formation and, more surprisingly, accelerates plaque growth in an animal model that more closely resembles atherosclerosis in humans.
Concurrent Intrauterine and Ectopic Pregnancies
Authors: S. M. Feinberg
Journal: BMJ (1961)

<h3>Background:</h3> Concern has been expressed about the process of consent to clinical trials, particularly in phase I “first-in-man” trials. Trial participant information sheets are often lengthy and technical. Content-based readability testing of sheets, which is often required to obtain research ethics approval for trials in the USA, is limited and cannot indicate how information will perform. <h3>Methods:</h3> An independent-groups design was used to study the user-testing performance of the participant information sheet from the phase I TGN1412 trial. Members of the public were asked to read it, then find and demonstrate understanding of 21 key aspects of the trial. The participant information sheet was then rewritten, redesigned and tested on 20 members of the public, using the same 21-item questionnaire. <h3>Results:</h3> On the original TGN1412 participant information sheet, participants could not find answers and some of the found information was not understood. Six of 21 questions, including those relating to placebo, follow-up visits and the emergency phone number, were found by eight or fewer of 10 participants. The revised information sheet performed better, with the answers to 17 of 21 questions found and understood by all 20 participants. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Tests showed that the TGN1412 participant information sheet may not inform participants adequately for consent. Revising its content and design led to significant improvements. Writers of materials for trial participants should take account of good practice in information design. Performance-based user testing may be a useful method to indicate strengths and weaknesses in trial materials.
Inhibitory effects of chloroquine on the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in SIVmac239-infected Chinese rhesus macaques
Authors: Jian-Ping Ma, Hou-Jun Xia, Gao-Hong Zhang, Jian-Bao Han, Li-Guo Zhang, Yong-Tang Zheng
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2012)
Competition is holding back quality improvements, says NHS boss
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

New laws promoting competition in the health service in England may need to be rewritten because they are hampering efforts to improve services, the outgoing chief executive of the NHS has warned.

Speaking at a seminar hosted by the Health Service Journal, David Nicholson said that the new rules enshrined in the Health and Social Care Act 2012 had led to specific cases where efforts to reconfigure and improve services had been blocked.1

He said that examples were emerging of unintended consequences of the law changes and that the government may need to make further changes to ensure that the act’s true intent remained …
Artifactual Focal Lung Activity with lndium-111 Labeled Leukocytes
Authors: LEE SIMERMAN, CHAN H. PARK, MATHEW THAKUR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A case of artifactual multifocal lung activity presumably due to emboli of ln-111 labeled leukocytes is described. These may have been caused by infusion through an intravenous line containing glucose, or by a minute amount of blood clotted in the needle. When administration through an existing intravenous line is necessary, flushing with saline before and after cell infusion is recommended to avoid this potential pitfall. A fresh needle also should be used for each venipuncture attempt.
PSYCHOSIS OF MORPHINISM.
Authors: T. D. CROTHERS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

All writers have mentioned the general defective conception of truth and the relation of right and wrong which appears to be a prominent symptom in all persons who use morphia. It is difficult to understand whether this is a veritable paralysis of the higher reasoning centers or a defect of the senses by which distorted conceptions of facts are not recognized. In all probability both conditions exist, and what is termed moral paralysis is a symptom of some condition of degeneration which is common to these persons in the later stages. This symptom practically describes a defect in the reasoning faculties and inability to recognize the value of truth and honesty, also a disposition to conceal the facts and distort them, no matter what their relation may be. I shall attempt to group some of these symptoms which may be termed the psychosis of morphinism. The first is a palsy