tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Minimal modification of canine ventricular myocyte cell surface adrenoceptors despite desensitisation of ventricular function during exogenous adrenoceptor challenge
Authors: W M Watson-Wright, M Wilkinson, R Cardinal, G Boudreau, J A Armour
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to determine whether a 120 min exposure of ventricular myocytes to β agonist challenge alters ventricular cell surface p adrenergic receptors concomitant with desensitisation of ventricular function. Methods: Supramaximal doses of isoprenaline (1 (μg·kg−1·min−1 intravenously) were given continuously to anaesthetised dogs for 15 (n = 6), 60 (n = 2), and 120 (n = 6) min. Changes induced during β adrenoceptor challenge in right and left ventricular systolic pressures were correlated with right and left ventricular myocyte β adrenoceptor number and affinity. Results: Isoprenaline initiated early augmentation in right [23(SEM 3)-78(10) mm Hg] and left [82(6)-186(11) mm Hg] venticular intramyocardial systolic pressures. After 5 min of continuous exogenous β agonist challenge these pressures were reduced to 42(4) mm Hg and 104(16) mm Hg, respectively, even though the agonist challenge persisted. Throughout the subsequent 115 min exposure period these pressures remained relatively similar. Despite these inotropic effects the number (Bmax) and affinity (Kd) of ventricular myocyte β adrenergic cell surface receptors, as determined by the tissue slice technique, were similar before and after 15, 60, and 120 min exposure to isoprenaline. Conclusions: (1) After the desensitisation of the initial enhancement of ventricular inotropism that occurs during the first 5 min of a β agonist challenge, inotropism remains relatively constant for the next 115 min exposure. (2) Desensitisation of ventricular inotropism elicited during 2 h exposure of the in situ heart to a β agonist challenge is not primarily due to altered myocyte cell surface β adrenergic receptor number or affinity. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:680-683
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): an original multisystem adverse drug reaction. Results from the prospective RegiSCAR study
Authors: S.H. Kardaun, P. Sekula, L. Valeyrie-Allanore, Y. Liss, C.Y. Chu, D. Creamer, A. Sidoroff, L. Naldi, M. Mockenhaupt, J.C. Roujeau
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Cases of severe drug hypersensitivity, demonstrating a variable spectrum of cutaneous and systemic involvement, are reported under various names, especially drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS). Case definition and overlap with other severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) are debated.To analyse the spectrum of signs and symptoms of DRESS and distribution of causative drugs in a large multicentre series.RegiSCAR, a multinational registry of SCAR, prospectively enrolled 201 potential cases from 2003 to mid-2009. Using a standardized scoring system, 117 cases were validated as showing probable or definite DRESS.The male/female ratio was 0.80; females were borderline significantly younger than males. Next to the ubiquitous exanthema, the main features were eosinophilia (95%), visceral involvement (91%), high fever (90%), atypical lymphocytes (67%), mild mucosal involvement (56%) and lymphadenopathy (54%). The reaction was protracted in all but two patients; two patients died during the acute phase. Drug causality was plausible in 88% of cases. Antiepileptic drugs were involved in 35%, allopurinol in 18%, antimicrobial sulfonamides and dapsone in 12% and other antibiotics in 11%. The median time interval after drug intake was 22 days (interquartile range 17-31) for all drugs with (very) probable causality, with differences between drugs.This prospective observational study supports the hypothesis that DRESS is an original phenotype among SCAR in terms of clinical and biological characteristics, causative drugs, and time relation. The diversity of causative drugs was rather limited, and mortality was lower than that suggested by prior publications.
Federal Legislative Proposal Addresses Women's Health Issues
Authors: S. Bennett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Federal Legislative Proposal Addresses Women's Health Issues Sylvia Bennett Sylvia Bennett Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 17, 5 September 1990, Pages 1388–1389, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.17.1388 Published: 05 September 1990
A1.24 Cilengitide reduces pannus formation and bone erosions in collagen induced arthritis
Authors: D Sykoutri, N Geetha, S Hayer, P Mandl, A Chilla, J Smolen, G Prager, K Redlich
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterised by synovial inflammation and osteoclast (OC) mediated bone erosions. AlphaVbeta3 integrin (αvβ3) is highly expressed in OCs and αvβ3 blocking antibodies reduce bone resorption. We have shown that Cilengitide, a synthetic Arginine-Glycine-Asparagine peptide (RGD-peptide), effectively inhibits osteoclastogenesis <i>in vitro</i> and reduces clinical signs of arthritis in Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA). We aimed to further characterise the effect of cilengitide in arthritis. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> CIA was induced in 6-8 week old male DBA/1 mice by immunisation with bovine type II collagen (CII) at day 1 and boosting at day 21. For CIA prevention mice received 1.5 mg/kg cilengitide (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) subcutaneously (s.c.), 5 days/week, starting 1 day prior to CIA induction until day 53. For CIA treatment mice with established arthritis were randomised and received 1.5 mg/kg (low dose) or 75mg/kg (high dose) cilengitide or placebo s.c. 5 days/week until day 59. Incidence and severity of arthritis was assessed by weekly clinical scoring of paw swelling and grip strength. In the end histological staining was performed on hind paws with haematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) for quantification of pannus, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for detection of bone erosions and OCs, toluidine blue (TB) for determination of cartilage breakdown. Blood vessel formation was assessed with endomucin staining. Cellular composition of joint infiltrates was determined with immunohistochemistry with anti-CD3, CD45RO, F4/80 and Neutrophil 7/4 antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> In the preventive experiment, cilengitide significantly reduced incidence (92.8% vs. 40%) and severity of CIA. Histological examination revealed significantly reduced numbers of synovial OCs, extent of bone destruction, cartilage damage as well as reduction of inflammatory pannus formation. In addition, blood vessel density in pannus was significantly reduced. Similarly, in the treatment experiment, low and high dose cilengitide effectively inhibited progression of established arthritis as evidenced by amelioration of clinical disease activity scores and histopathology. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings demonstrate that cilengitide potently prevents and treats experimental CIA, reducing osteoclast-mediated bone erosions and inflammation. Further investigation of its mechanism of action in arthritis, in respect to neovascularisation and osteoclast function, may optimise its effect and provide a novel therapeutic target in RA.
Electrocardiographic Changes and Tissue Catecholamines in Experimental Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Authors: L. Offerhaus, J. van Gool
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage in rabbits induces changes in cardiac rate and rhythm comparable with those observed in human patients with intracranial haemorrhage. Biochemical and histological signs of myocardial damage were absent. A causal relationship between tissue catecholamine changes and the electrocardiographic disturbances is suggested by the blocking effect of propranolol and cocaine.
[338] ANTIFIBROTIC EFFECTS OF LINDERA OBTUSILOBA EXTRACTS: DOWNREGULATION OF TGF-p INDUCED COLLAGEN TYPE I EXPRESSION AND NEUTRALIZATION OF PEROXIDE INDUCED ROS PRODUCTION IN HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS
Authors: M. Ruehl, U. Erben, A. Eckert, Trowitzsch Kienast, K. Kim, S. Yang, T. Dagdelen, U. Neumann, M. Zeitz, F. Stickel, J. Jia, R. Somasundaratn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Ventilatory load characteristics during ventilatory muscle training.
Authors: M J Belman, W C Botnick, S D Nathan, K H Chon
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The response of skeletal muscle to training is influenced by both the intensity and nature of the training stimulus. In this study we investigated the characteristics of the ventilatory load applied to the ventilatory muscles during several different modes of ventilatory muscle training. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) performed the following breathing maneuvers: (1) Unloaded hyperpnea (UH), (2) resistive breathing through a fixed orifice (0.5 cm diameter) at frequencies of 15 and 30 breaths/min (RT15, RT30), (3) loaded breathing through a threshold valve set at 30% of the PImax at frequencies of 15 and 30 breaths/min (TT15, TT30), and (4) repetitive maximal inspiratory maneuvers against a closed shutter (PImax). During these maneuvers were recorded airflow and pressures at the month and esophagus, and from these measurements we derived VE and the work of breathing (WOB), tension time index (TTI), and pressure time product (PTP). The VE during UH was significantly higher than all other modes (p < 0.01), whereas the Pesmax was significantly lower during UH than during the resistive and loaded maneuvers (p < 0.01). The WOB did not differ during UH, TT30, and RT30, but was significantly higher in all three modes than at TT15 and RT15 (p < 0.05). During RT30 the TTI was higher than during TT30, TT15, and RT15 (p < 0.05), whereas the TTI during UH was significantly lower than during other maneuvers (p < 0.01). As expected, the highest Pesmax and PTP were found during the PImax maneuver. These data show that important qualitative differences in ventilatory muscle loading can be achieved by means of different devices and breathing strategies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Losing Weight Through Exercise
Authors: Barry A. Franklin
Journal: JAMA (1980)

OBESITY is a serious medical problem in the United States and has been directly related to several "chronic" health problem.<sup>1</sup>Consequently, weight reduction is often prescribed as part of the medical treatment of many cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal conditions. The simplistic views that obesity is due solely to overeating, or that it can be effectively treated through caloric restriction, are not valid. While it is true that some obese persons eat large amounts of food, studies have shown that many eat less than their leaner counterparts, although they are far less physically active.<sup>2</sup>Treatment relying chiefly on caloric restriction is successful in as few as 5% and probably no more than 20% of all cases, with poor patient compliance a big part of the problem.<sup>3</sup>While it is doubtful that long-term compliance with exercise programs will be easy for persons with lifelong patterns of inactivity, exercise (alone or
Repeated Low-dose Aerosolized Dust Mite Allergen Exposure In Asthmatic And Non-asthmatic Dust Mite Allergic Patients In An Environmental Exposure Chamber Induces Specific Asthma Symptoms As Well As Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms
Authors: D. Patel, J.S. Lee, D. Wilson, N. Camuso, A. Salapatek
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Non-erythroid spectrin (fodrin) in cutaneous tumours: diminished in cell membranes, increased in the cytoplasm
Authors: H. TUOMINEN, R. SORMUNEN, M. KALLIOINEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Summary The expression and distribution of non-erythroid spectrin (α-fodrin), a basic protein of membrane skeleton, was investigated by immunohistochemical methods in 42 cutaneous tumours. The suprabasal keratinocytes of the normal epidermis showed plasma membrane-associated spectrin. The basal cells of the normal epidermis, seborrhoeic keratosis, and basal cell carcinoma, revealed both intracytoplasmic and membrane-bound spectrin. In squamous cell carcinoma, the expression of spectrin was heterogeneous and mostly intracytoplasmic. The dysplastic cells of solar keratosis expressed no spectrin at all. In various types of melanocytic naevi, intracytoplasmic and discontinuous membrane-bound spectrin was found in most tumour cells. Malignant melanomas showed a heterogeneous intracytoplasmic staining for spectrin, or were negative. The results indicate a diminished amount, or a total lack, of membrane-bound spectrin with increasing depolarization and proliferation of cells in solar keratosis and pigment cell tumours, but a partial preservation in polarized cells of basal cell carcinoma. The increase and heterogeneity, in cytoplasmic spectrin, of squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma seemed to be associated with the less differentiated, invasive cells of these malignant tumours.
Graduate Medical Education and Water in the Soup
Authors: Fitzhugh Mullan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

When I was an intern in a New York City hospital in the late 1960s, a pay increase for house staff brought our salaries to $4,500 a year. I can remember how my chief of service reacted. “It used to be,” he groused, “that all you needed to hire interns and residents was to put a little more water in the soup.”The days of putting water in the soup are now long behind us, but we have continued to approach house-staff training in the United States in a relatively casual and unplanned fashion. This static state has been made . . .
Tolerance Induction Using Lentiviral Gene Delivery Delays Onset and Severity of Collagen II Arthritis
Authors: Inger Gjertsson, Karen L Laurie, James Devitt, Steven J Howe, Adrian J Thrasher, Rikard Holmdahl, Kenth Gustafsson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis remains suboptimal; thus there is considerable interest in the development of strategies that mediate tolerance to autoantigens. Using lentiviral gene transfer in vivo, we expressed the immunodominant epitope of collagen type II (CII) on major histocompatibility complex class II molecules (MHC II) in a mouse model of destructive arthritis. A sequence corresponding to amino acids 259-270 of CII was fused into the class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP) position of the invariant chain to achieve efficient binding to MHC II. Transduction of cloned cells and primary antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vitro demonstrated successful presentation of the peptide on MHC II, and a physiological glycosylation pattern. Compared with controls, mice intravenously injected with lentiviral vectors encoding this epitope displayed significantly less frequent, less severe, and less destructive arthritis, decreased lymphocyte proliferation in response to restimulation with CII, and lower CII-specific antibody levels. This was associated with an increased production of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in vitro. We suggest that overexpression of the immunodominant CII epitope on MHC II induces T cell production of TGF-beta and leads to inhibition of arthritis by means of both antigen-specific and bystander mechanisms. Thus, antigen-specific tolerance induction using lentiviral gene delivery can ameliorate arthritis.
The role of left ventricular conduction in the electrogenesis of left ventricular hypertrophy. An electrophysiologic study in man.
Authors: E Piccolo, A Raviele, P Delise, F Dainese, P Pascotto, G Totaro, F Sartori, D D'Este
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Various electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic (ECG-VCG) patterns of ventricular conduction disturbances are inducible by premature right atrial stimulation (PRAS). These patterns are a consequence of different degrees of refractoriness in the specialized ventricular conduction system. We observed that the intermediate phase of left bundle branch block (LBBB) induced by PRAS in 20 subjects with normal basal QRS (complexes) were similar to those of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In 18 patients with basal ECG-VCG signs of LVH, right bundle branch block (RBBB) induced by PRAS produced a progressive disappearance of these signs and the "normalization" of the tracings. The initial maximum QRS vector decreased, disappeared or remained absent in the patients with LBBB induced by PRAS, and appeared (when absent in the basal VCG) and remained unchanged (when present) in patients with RBBB induced by PRAS. In this paper we discuss the electrogenetic implications of these data. The ECG-VCG sings of LVH are probably dependent on a slowed conduction in the left bundle branch system, while anatomical hypertrophy per se probably plays a less important role.
The expression levels of the pro-apoptotic XAF-1 gene modulate the cytotoxic response to Nutlin-3 in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: P Secchiero, M G di Iasio, E Melloni, R Voltan, C Celeghini, M Tiribelli, M Dal Bo, V Gattei, G Zauli
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
HLA-A2 and Chronic Lung Disease in Neonates
Authors: David A. Clark
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Seventy-seven neonates weighing less than 1,500 g each were typed for HLA antigens. The phenotypes were correlated with the subsequent clinical course of the newborns. Forty-four (57%) of 77 newborns had an HLA-A2 antigen, whereas 194 (52%) of 376 unrelated adult controls possessed this same antigen. All 11 infants with roentgenographic evidence of chronic lung disease had HLA-A2 antigens, whereas 33 (50%) of 66 infants without HLA-A2 antigens did not have chronic lung disease. We conclude that the HLA-A2 antigen may be associated with susceptibility to chronic lung disease in newborns. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:1868-1869)
Ventricular arrhythmias in hypertensive patients with and without left ventricular hypertrophy. Effect of antihypertensive treatment
Authors: Mario Malerba, M.Lorenza Muiesan, Roberto Zulli, Damiano Rizzoni, Maurizio Castellano, Marina Beschi, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Does Inappropriate Use Explain Geographic Variations in the Use of Health Care Services?
Authors: Mark R. Chassin
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We studied the appropriateness of use of coronary angiography, carotid endarterectomy, and upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and its relationship to geographic variations in the rates of use of these procedures. We selected geographic areas of high, average, and low use of these procedures and randomly sampled Medicare beneficiaries who had received one of the procedures in 1981. We determined the indications for the procedures using a detailed review of medical records and used previously developed ratings of appropriateness to assign an appropriateness score to each case. Differences among sites in levels of appropriateness were small. For example, in the high-use site for coronary angiography, 72% of the procedures were appropriate, compared with 81% in the low-use site. Coronary angiography was performed 2.3 times as frequently in the high-use site compared with the low-use site. Under the conditions of this study, we did find significantly levels of inappropriate use: 17% of cases for coronary angiography, 32% for carotid endarterectomy, and 17% for upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy. We conclude that differences in appropriateness cannot explain geographic variations in the use of these procedures.
Effect of glycoursodeoxycholate on precipitation of calcium carbonate
Authors: Chantal Marteau, Henri Portugal, Anne-Marie Pauli, André Gerolami
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

The potential role of bile salts in preventing calcium carbonate precipitation was investigated by studying their interaction of Ca2+ and their inhibitory effects on calcium carbonate formation. Glycochenodeoxycholate micelles bound more calcium than did glycocholate. At bile salt concentrations exceeding 12.5 mM, glycoursodeoxycholate bound calcium as well as glycochenodexycholate did. Similar results for calcium binding were observed in mixed micelles of bile salts and lecithin. In bicarbonate (25 or 50 mM) and CaCl2 (10 mM) solutions, calcium carbonate formation was inhibited by the bile salts. Glycoursodeoxycholate and glycochenodeoxycholate (25 mM) prevented calcium carbonate formation which was delayed by glycocholate. This effect is not due to differences between both series of bile salts for calcium binding since glycoursodeoxycholate or glycochenodeoxycholate (25 mM) more efficiently prevented calcium carbonate precipitation than did 35 mM glycocholate in spite of the same Ca2+ binding. These results suggest that some bile salts may have a specific role in preventing calcium precipitation in bile. The mechanism is unknown. The physical properties of glycoursodeoxycholate and glycochenodeoxycholate do not support a role for CaCO3 precipitation in gallstone calcification during litholytic therapy.
Detection of Recurrent Colon Cancer with In-111 Labeled MoAb B72.3 in a Patient with Normal CEA and TAG-72 Levels
Authors: VANI VIJAYAKUMAR, MICHAEL J. BLEND, DAVID JOHNSON, KAREN SCHNOBRICH, JAN GOLICK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The usefulness of radioimmunoscintigraphy with In-111 labeled MoAb B72.3 is illustrated in this case report of a patient with an aggressive cancer of the ascending colon. When used in conjunction with CT, ultrasound examination, and MRI, radioimmunoscintigraphy improved the specificity of these other imaging modalities, although the patient's serum CEA and TAG-72 levels remained within the normal ranges. In addition, MoAb imaging demonstrated superiority over CT in identifying an additional unsuspected lesion. Detection of occult disease by imaging modalities with or without elevated serum CEA levels is discussed.
Proteins targeted by pertussis vaccine are mutating unusually quickly, study finds
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Proteins targeted by the whooping cough (pertussis) vaccine are changing more quickly than other proteins on the surface of the bacterium, and this could have “serious consequences” for the ability of current vaccines to control the disease, a study has found.1

A worldwide resurgence of pertussis has been linked to a switch from whole cell vaccine to the use of acellular pertussis vaccines, which contain 1-5 purified Bordetella …