tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Sensitivity of a Volume-Regulating Mechanism in the Pre-Hypertensive State
Authors: T. D. ULLMANN, A. AVIRAM, W. J. CZACZKES, D. BEN-ISHAY, E. SADOWSKY
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Normotensive women after toxemia of pregnancy reacted to the infusion of reconstituted human plasma with a water diuresis, whereas control subjects exhibited an antidiuretic response. The latter was probably due to the presence of antidiuretic material in the infused plasma, whereas the water diuresis, which has also been found in hypertensive subjects, can be explained as the manifestation of an increased sensitivity of a volume-regulating mechanism in the hypertensive as well as in the "pre-hypertensive" state.
Big NHS cost savings can come only after major transformation, finance directors say
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The NHS is nearing the end of the road for making obvious costs savings, and larger gains would require major service transformations, a survey of finance directors has shown.

The poll by the Healthcare Financial Management Association found rising “pessimism” among finance directors about their organisations’ ability to meet targets set out in financial plans. The association said that more and more trusts were reporting deficits and that real savings would be harder to come by in future years, although it was encouraged by the fact that finance directors did not see service …
Changes in Urinary Leukotriene E4 Concentration after Sinus Treatment (Surgery or Corticosteroid Therapy) in Patients with Aspirin-Intolerant Asthma
Authors: E. Ono, M. Taniguchi, N. Higashi, H. Yamamoto, A. Higashi, C. Oshikata, T. Tsuburai, Y. Maeda, A. Mori, T. Ishii, H. Mita, K. Akiyama
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Lost in Familiar Places: Creating New Connections Between the Individual and Society
Authors: Carl C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In this little book, the authors have chosen the formidable task of integrating psychoanalytic concepts into group and organizational dynamics. Their central theme is how individuals can use introspective understanding of their own lives to further their understanding of their group's dynamics. They begin by establishing the notion that, because we live in a rapidly changing social environment, the stability we used to experience in our social institutions no longer seems a reliable reference point from which to establish our sense of who we are. As a result, as the title suggests, many of us are "lost in familiar places." First, the family is examined to explore how the individual interfaces with his first group experience. The authors introduce the concept of personal boundaries and how "excessive certainty" and a lack of interpersonal curiosity may stifle a child's ability to negotiate her interpretation of her innner and outer environment. A
Urinary Tract Infection with an Enterococcus faecalis Isolate that Requires Vancomycin for Growth
Authors: Henry S. Fraimow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To characterize the nutritional requirements and potential origin of a fastidious urinary tract Enterococcus faecalis isolate that apparently requires the antimicrobial agent vancomycin to grow. Design: Case report and detailed microbiologic and molecular epidemiologic analysis. Setting: University teaching hospital. Measurements: Growth of the vancomycin-dependent strain was monitored using various standard laboratory media with and without supplementation with vancomycin and other substrates. This strain was compared with other vancomycin-resistant but nondependent E. faecalis strains by examining plasmid profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of genomic DNA and by analyzing vancomycin-resistance genes identified by the polymerase chain reaction. Results: An E. faecalis isolate, strain TJ310, was isolated repeatedly from the urine of a patient receiving long-term vancomycin therapy. This strain grew in primary culture but not on subculture, suggesting an unusual growth requirement, and ultimately was found to require the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin to grow. Strain TJ310 appeared to be closely related to other vancomycin-resistant but nondependent E. faecalis isolates with the vanB genotype previously isolated from the same patient, suggesting that vancomycin dependence may have evolved in vivo in a vancomycin-resistant enterococcal strain during continuous exposure to high concentrations of vancomycin in the urine. Conclusions: This is the first reported example of a clinical bacterial isolate that requires an antimicrobial agent to grow.
Review of glycol ether and glycol ether ester solvents used in the coating industry.
Authors: R L Smith
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Ethylene oxide-based glycol ether and glycol ether ester solvents have been used in the coatings industry for the past fifty years. Because of their excellent performance properties (evaporation rate, blush resistance, flow-out and leveling properties, solubility for coating resins, solvent activity, mild odor, good coupling ability, good solvent release) a complete line of ethylene oxide-based solvents of various molecular weights has been developed. These glycol ether and glycol ether ester solvents have better solvent activity for coating resin than ester or ketone solvents in their evaporation rate range. The gloss, flow and leveling, and general performance properties of many coating systems are dependent on the use of these products in the coating formula. Because of the concern about the toxicity of certain ethylene oxide-based solvents, other products are being evaluated as replacements in coating formulas.
Prophylactic Aspirin Treatment: The Merits of Timing
Authors: Germaine Cornélissen, Franz Halberg, Pavel Prikryl, Eva Danková, Jarmila Siegelová, Jurí Dusek
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Two recent articles suggested that the inhibition by aspirin of thromboxane synthesis and cyclooxygenase-dependent platelet aggegation protects women against a first myocardial infarction<sup>1</sup>and pregnancy-induced hypertension.<sup>2</sup>So far, little if any attention has been paid in clinical trials to the timing of aspirin administration. Perhaps some individuals may take aspirin at a convenient time, but when the drug is inactive. Results shown in the Figure from a small sample of women suggest (with statistical significance) not only that low doses of aspirin affect prostaglandin and adrenergic pathways but also that such effects vary as a function of the circadian stage at which the aspirin is taken. Six clinically healthy women aged 20 to 30 years volunteered to participate in a randomized pilot study that consisted of a reference stage (which lasted 2 days starting after a 5-day adjustment to hospital conditions) followed by a 7-day
B Lymphocytes Regulate Dendritic Cell (Dc) Function in Vivo
Authors: Véronique Moulin, Fabienne Andris, Kris Thielemans, Charlie Maliszewski, Jacques Urbain, Muriel Moser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2000)

Increasing evidence indicates that dendritic cells (DCs) are the antigen-presenting cells of the primary immune response. However, several reports suggest that B lymphocytes could be required for optimal T cell sensitization. We compared the immune responses of wild-type and B cell-deficient (μMT) mice, induced by antigen emulsified in adjuvant or pulsed on splenic dendritic cells. Our data show that lymph node cells from both control and μMT animals were primed, but each released distinct cytokine profiles. Lymph node T cells from control animals secreted interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-4, whereas those from μMT mice produced IFN-γ and IL-2 but no IL-4. To test whether B cells may influence the T helper cell type 1 (Th1)/Th2 balance by affecting the function of DCs, we immunized mice by transferring antigen-pulsed DCs from wild-type or mutant mice. Injection of control DCs induced the secretion of IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-2, whereas administration of DCs from μMT animals failed to sensitize cells to produce IL-4. Analysis of IL-12 production revealed that DCs from μMT mice produce higher levels of IL-12p70 than do DCs from wild-type animals. These data suggest that B lymphocytes regulate the capacity of DCs to promote IL-4 secretion, possibly by downregulating their secretion of IL-12, thereby favoring the induction of a nonpolarized immune response.
Positive Tzanck Smear
Authors: L M Cohen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A 67-year-old man had a three-day history of pain, vesicles, and erythema of the right side of the forehead and frontal scalp, sharply demarcated at the midline. Material scraped from the floor of a vesicle was smeared on a slide and stained with Wright's stain. The diagnostic cell (×400) is the multinucleated giant cell, an epithelial cell containing numerous nuclei, nuclear molding (clustered nuclei fitted to each other's shapes), and viral inclusions that give the nuclei a homogeneous, glassy appearance. Although the Tzanck test can be positive in infections with herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and varicella, the dermatomal . . .
TCT-412 Non-invasive Renal Denervation Using Externally Delivered Focused Ultrasound: Early Experience Using Doppler based Imaging Tracking and Targeting for Treatment
Authors: John A. Ormiston, Thomas Anderson, Todd J. Brinton, Omar Dawood, Michael Gertner, Patrick Kay, Petr Neuzil, Zdenek Starek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy
Authors: Ilza Veith
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Shamanism, while essentially a form of healing, is also intimately involved in religion, and in the person of the shaman is found that duality in which deism and medicine coexist. This extraordinary and superb volume on shamanism is the first complete history of this practice. The author, Chairman of the Department of the History of Religion at the University of Chicago, possesses the erudition necessary to deal with the religious and medical aspects of shamanism in every part of the world. Like his previous books<i>Shamanism</i>was originally written in French and has been very well translated into English. Although the rites of initiation of the shaman embody primarily physical measures, the practice of shamanism is chiefly ritualistic. While the functions of the shaman are essentially similar to those of the medicine man, he alone can cope with illnesses of supernatural origin, namely, the ones that are due to "loss
Structure and expression of Tg737, a putative tumor suppressor gene, in human hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Celestino Bonura, Patrizia Paterlini-Brechot, Christian Brechot
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Deletions of the Tg737 gene, whose product is involved in liver oval cell proliferation, differentiation, and ploidy control, have been recently shown in chemically induced rat liver tumors and in a limited series of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, Tg737 has been proposed as a candidate new liver-specific tumor suppressor gene. To investigate this important issue, we analyzed the structure and expression pattern of the Tg737 gene in a group of 23 tumorous and adjacent nontumorous liver tissues, by combining polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern and Northern blot–based analyses. We failed to identify deletions or gross alterations of the Tg737 gene by both PCR and Southern blot analyses. Northern blots showed comparable accumulation of normal Tg737 transcripts in both tumorous and nontumorous tissues. Collectively, therefore, our results do not support the hypothesis of frequent Tg737 genetic alterations in human HCC.
Psychiatric Treatment of the Alienated College Student
Authors: SEYMOUR L. HALLECK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Alienation, viewed as a sense of detachment from the values of one's society, family, and even from one's own feelings, is fostered among susceptible college students by the exclusiveness of the university campus, isolated as it is from the adult world. Although a preventive approach—a restructuring of faculty-student relationships—would be most effective, this author feels, such a change is not imminent. The psychiatrist, then, must rely upon psychotherapy in working with the alienated student, and some modifications of traditional psychoanalytic psychotherapy are recommended for this purpose.
Tibioperoneal (Outflow Lesion) Angioplasty Can Be Used as Primary Treatment in 235 Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Gerald Dorros, Michael R. Jaff, Ari M. Dorros, Lynne M. Mathiak, Thomas He
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background In a prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive series of tibioperoneal vessel angioplasty (TPVA), critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients’ data were analyzed with regard to immediate and follow-up success. Methods and Results TPVA was successful in 270 of 284 critically ischemic limbs (95%), with 167 limbs (59%) requiring dilatation of 333 ipsilateral inflow obstructions to access and successfully dilate 486 of 529 (92%) tibioperoneal lesions. A clinical success (relief of rest pain or improvement of lower-extremity blood flow) was attained in 270 limbs at risk (95%). Clinical 5-year follow-up of 215 of 221 successful CLI patients (97%) with 266 successfully revascularized limbs revealed that bypass surgery occurred in 8% and significant amputations in 9% of limbs; 91% of the limbs were salvaged. The cohort’s probability of survival was 56%: 58% for Fontaine class III and 33% for class IV patients. Class III compared with class IV patients had significantly ( P &lt;0.05) fewer surgical bypasses (3% versus 16%) and amputations: above-knee, 1% versus 4%; below-knee, 3% versus 12%; and transmetatarsal, &lt;1% versus 21%. Conclusions TPVA, often in combination with inflow lesions, is an effective primary treatment for critical limb ischemia. The poor cumulative survival reflects the existence of severe comorbidities, which could potentially be affected by aggressive and effective cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Central Nervous System-directed AAV2/5-Mediated Gene Therapy Synergizes with Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Murine Model of Globoid-cell Leukodystrophy
Authors: Darshong Lin, Anthony Donsante, Shannon Macauley, Beth Levy, Carole Vogler, Mark S Sands
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Globoid-cell leukodystrophy (GLD) is a rapidly progressing inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency in galactosylceramidase activity. Previous studies in the murine model of GLD (Twitcher mouse) have shown that both bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and central nervous system (CNS)-directed gene therapy can be moderately effective at ameliorating certain aspects of GLD. As BMT and CNS-directed gene therapy target fundamentally different tissues, we tested the hypothesis that combining these disparate therapies would be more efficacious than either therapy alone. Mice receiving myeloreductive conditioning at birth followed by syngeneic BMT had approximately 25-35% donor chimerism. Untreated Twitcher mice, Twitcher mice treated with BMT alone, AAV2/5 alone, or a combination of BMT and AAV2/5 had mean lifespans of 39, 44, 49, and 104 days, respectively. Twitcher mice treated with a combination of BMT and AAV2/5 also had significantly improved performance in several behavioral tests and greater reduction in demyelination, astrocytosis, and macrophage infiltration compared to untreated Twitcher mice or mice that received either therapy alone. These data suggest that CNS-directed gene therapy synergizes with BMT. The combination of these disparate therapeutic approaches may form the basis for more effective treatment of this inherited neurodegenerative disorder.
Abstract 2865: The significance of Vitamin D deficiency and low grade pathogens in etiology of prostate cancer.
Authors: Tim R T D Oliver
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction. Estimations of sun exposure (but less so spot serum Vitamin D levels) correlate with risk of prostate cancer occurrence. This suggests that it is due to long term Vitamin D deficiency over 10-40 years as a possible explanation. This, via diminished macrophage function, could allow persistence of low grade pathogens to set up chronic inflammation that could lead to Proliferative Inflammatory Atrophy (PIA) of the prostate, now thought to be an important precursor of cancer. Despite multiple investigations of sexually transmitted infections, there has been no consistently associated organism. However recently infection with two low grade pathogenic organisms, teenage acne associated anaerobic bacterium Propionibacterium.acnes (PA) and protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis (TA), have shown a more consistent association with prostate cancer. This abstract reports the results of a systematic review of publications investigating the association of sun exposure and prostate cancer and of PA and T V with prostate cancer and considers how these observations could lead to improved specificity of PSA screening Methods. Pubmed searches using terms prostate or prostatic, sunshine or UVB or Vitamin D and acne or PA or TA were performed and the abstracts reviewed and appropriate papers selected for review and data extraction Results . Amongst 1134 abstracts investigating PC and Vitamin D were two systematic reviews that failed to produce a consistent association. In contrast four of four studies of an index of sun exposure involving 1568 patients (OR 0.75, 0.75, 0.59 &amp; 0.89) and 6 of 7 geographic studies (0.32, 0.38, 0.44, 0.16, 0.52, 1.63 &amp; 0.64) demonstrated an association of high UVB exposure with reduced PC risk. Four of five publications on PA and PC (1.7, 1.67, 2.17 &amp; 0.67) and 2 of 3 publications on TV and PC (1.23, 1.43 &amp; 0.83) from 205 papers reviewed showed consistent increase risk of PC associated with infection. Conclusion. Lack of association with spot Vitamin D but clear association with index of sun exposure suggest that the association is due to reduced long term Vitamin D mediated non-specific macrophage surveillance that is involved against lowly pathogenic agents of which PA and TV could be lead organisms. Impact on PSA of elimination of these organisms could become an important strategy in future efforts of to improve the specificity of PSA screening and chemoprevention of PC Citation Format: Tim R T D Oliver. The significance of Vitamin D deficiency and low grade pathogens in etiology of prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2865. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2865
Abstract 4176: Activated NRAS mediates self-renewal capacity in AML
Authors: Zohar Sachs, Susan K. Rathe, Ernesto Diaz-Flores, Miechaleen D. Diers, Kevin Shannon, David A. Largaespada
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract NRAS mutations are found in 11-14% of AML (Schubbert et al. Nat Rev Cancer 2007, Bowen et al. Blood 2006), implicating NRAS signaling pathways as potential targets for clinical intervention. However, the specific effects of targeting these pathways on AML physiology are currently unclear. We employ a manipulatable murine model of AML to elucidate these phenomena for therapeutic applications. This model harbors a tetracycline repressible, activated NRAS (NRASG12V) transgene along with an Mll/AF9 transgene. Primary leukemia cells are then transplanted into SCID mice and, upon development of clinically evident leukemia, NRASG12V transgene expression is repressed with doxycycline. NRASG12V repression leads to apoptosis and disease remission (Kim et al. Blood 2009). To dissect the critical signaling networks directing remission, immunophenotypic markers, along with the phosphorylation status of critical signaling intermediates, were analyzed by flow cytometry after NRASG12V repression. This analysis revealed that NRAS withdrawal led to an enrichment of less differentiated Mac1/Gr1 negative cells indicating that, in addition to well-described effects on proliferation, NRAS affects leukemia differentiation status. Furthermore, we only found modifications in known NRAS signaling effectors in the less differentiated, Mac1 negative leukemia cells. Therefore, in addition to affecting the differentiation status of the leukemia, oncogene withdrawal leads to cell-type specific signaling alterations. We hypothesize that these signaling alterations mediate remission-induction by altering the self-renewal capacity of the leukemia at the gene expression level. Parallel RNA sequencing and gene expression microarrays were performed to address this hypothesis and revealed that the gene expression pattern of NRASG12V-expressing cells is enriched with hematopoietic self-renewal genes (Krivtsov et al. Nature 2006, Ivanova et al. Science 2002, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis per Subramanian et al. PNAS 2005). Withdrawal of the oncogene led to loss of this self-renewal gene expression program and an enrichment of genes expressed in terminally differentiated, mature cells. Furthermore, the NRASG12V-dependent gene expression program mimics the Mll/AF9-determined, Myb-mediated self-renewal program seen in a similar AML model (Zuber et al. Genes &amp; Dev 2011). These data suggest that the Mll/AF9-mediated self-renewal program requires the continued expression of NRASG12Vand support a novel role for NRASG12V in maintaining the self-renewal capacity AML. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4176. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4176
Synovial lymphocyte responses if tested fresh not frozen can incriminate microbial intrasynovial DNA and RNA
Authors: D K Ford
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Paired two tailed Student's t test used to test differences between baseline and six month follow up values for both patient groups.ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (normal value 5-15 mm/1st h); CRP, C reactive protein (normal value <10 mg/l); VAS, visual analogue score; BASFI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (0-100); BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (0-100).
Could Fidgety Philipp be proof that ADHD is not a modern phenomenon?
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

According to a new study Zappel-Philipp, a character in the 1846 children's book Struwwelpeter , is probably the first written mention of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by a psychiatrist.

The book, written for his son by Dr Heinrich Hoffmann, founder of the first mental hospital in Frankfurt, contains a series of short stories about a boy called Zappel-Philipp, which translates as Fidgety Philipp.

In a study in European Psychiatry …
Disentangling the Myeloma Web
Authors: Giovanni Tonon, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gene expression profiling in patients with multiple myeloma has identified gene signatures linked to prognosis. However, because of their heterogeneity, there is currently no consensus about which signatures represent the best predictive and prognostic markers. Novel computational tools are now helping investigators integrate heterogeneous data sets to identify universal and robust classifiers. Clin Cancer Res; 17(23); 7210–2. ©2011 AACR.