tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estrogens, Androgens, and Serum Lipids: The Enigmatic Triad of Atherogenesis.
Authors: R. P. Howard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Estrogens, Androgens, and Serum Lipids: The Enigmatic Triad of Atherogenesis.R. P. Howard, M.D., F.A.C.P., R. H. Furman, M.D., F.A.C.P.R. P. Howard, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, R. H. Furman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-668_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe ability of estrogens to lower beta lipoprotein (C/P ratio 1.3) concentrations and increase alpha lipoprotein (C/P ratio 0.45) concentrations, resulting in a net increase in serum phospholipid levels, decrease in C/P, and relatively little change in cholesterol levels, is generally regarded as desirable, and provides a physico-chemical basis for the incidence of lower coronary disease in premenopausal women.However, our studies in normal subjects indicate that premenopausal women differ from men and postmenopausal women alike, not in respect to alpha and beta lipoproteins, but in having significantly smaller amounts of cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride in the form of low... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: R. P. Howard, M.D., F.A.C.P.; R. H. Furman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Oklahoma City, Okla. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe effect of androgens and related substances on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism and diabetes mellitusEffect of androgens on serum lipids and lipoproteinsARE GONADAL HORMONES (ESTROGENS AND ANDROGENS) OF SIGNIFICANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE?THE AUTISTIC CHILDIDIOPATHIC HYPERGLYCERIDÆMIA TREATED WITH METHYLTESTOSTERONE AND METHANDIENONE 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 668-668KeywordsAndrogensAtherosclerosisAttentionCholesterolEstrogensLipidsLipoproteinsPhospholipids ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mary Woodard Lasker An Appreciation
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Mary Woodard Lasker An Appreciation Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 6, 16 March 1994, Page 406, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.6.406 Published: 16 March 1994
Left stellectomy in the prevention of ventricular fibrillation caused by acute myocardial ischemia in conscious dogs with anterior myocardial infarction.
Authors: P J Schwartz, H L Stone
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The potential of left stellectomy in reducing the incidence of ventricular fibrillation associated with acute myocardial ischemia was investigated in a new animal model for sudden death. Thirty-two dogs had an anterior myocardial infarction produced by ligation of the left descending coronary artery. One week later they were randomly allocated to a control or to an experimental group that underwent left stellectomy. One month after ligation while the dogs were conscious, a balloon occluder previously positioned around the circumflex coronary artery was inflated and the ensuing coronary occlusion was maintained for 10 minutes. Ventricular fibrillation occurred in 11 of 17 (65%) control dogs, compared with five of 15 (33%) (p &lt; 0.05) in the experimental group. Among the survivors the incidence of arrhythmias was less in the experimental group compared with the control group. Infarct size (21 +/- 2% vs 20 +/- 2%), resting heart rate (143 beats/min vs 127 beats/min) and QTc (347 +/- 11 msec vs 349 +/- 13 msec) were similar between control and experimental groups. The dogs that died had a greater increase in heart rate at 1 minute postocclusion than survivors and also had significantly longer QT intervals. Our study indicates that left stellectomy exerts a major protective effect in reducing the incidence of ventricular fibrillation when conscious dogs with a previous anterior myocardial infarction undergo acute myocardial ischemia. This simple and safe surgical procedure may be considered for a clinical trial in subgroups of patients with ischemic heart disease at very high risk for sudden death.
Comparison of Two Dosages of Ragweed Extract in the Treatment of Pollenosis
Authors: William Franklin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

A double-blind study was carried out to determine the effect of dosage in the treatment of ragweed hay fever with injections of aqueous ragweed pollen extract. Two concentrations of extract were used, one 20-fold smaller than the other. The volumes administered were such that the dose at the higher concentration was close to the maximum that it is practical to administer. During the ragweed season, the group of patients receiving the higher concentration fared significantly better than the group receiving the lower concentration. It is concluded that large dosages of pollen extract are more effective than small dosages in the treatment of hay fever. The findings indicate that the very low dosages recommended by some would have little influence on the course of pollenosis.
Clomipramine induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome and pyrexia of unknown origin
Authors: Alison M Haddow, Dawn Harris, Martin Wilson, Hannah Logie
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is uncommon. Its major characteristics—classically, fever, muscular rigidity, and raised serum creatinine kinase concentration—occur unpredictably and often in association with dopamine blocking drugs (box).1 We present a case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome occurring in association with clomipramine, a drug not noted for dopamine blockade. Greater awareness of the possibility of this potentially life threatening syndrome occurring in patients treated with antidepressants may be useful given the continued increase in the prescribing of antidepressants of all classes.

A 57 year old man—a long term inpatient with frontal lobe dementia in an old age psychiatry ward—was admitted to an acute medical assessment unit in January 2003. He presented with sweating, pyrexia, muscle rigidity, decreased responsiveness, and urinary incontinence (table). At the time of admission he was taking clomipramine and promazine, both started in 2001. He was empirically diagnosed as having urinary tract infection and was prescribed intravenous and then oral antibiotics. He improved and returned to his long stay ward. Urine and blood cultures showed no growth during this admission. In May 2003, his condition deteriorated again with all previous symptoms and signs recurring. At this stage, promazine was stopped and further medical assessment was requested and again he was diagnosed as having urinary tract infection, and a course of antibiotics was prescribed. In addition to routine investigation, a liver ultrasound was done which showed no abnormality. Once again urine and blood cultures …
HIV-1 Nef Assembles a Src Family Kinase-ZAP-70/Syk-PI3K Cascade to Downregulate Cell-Surface MHC-I
Authors: Chien-Hui Hung, Laurel Thomas, Carl E. Ruby, Katelyn M. Atkins, Nicholas P. Morris, Zachary A. Knight, Isabel Scholz, Eric Barklis, Andrew D. Weinberg, Kevan M. Shokat, Gary Thomas
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2007)
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE LATE GLOMERULAR LESIONS CAUSED BY CROTALUS VENOM
Authors: Richard M. Pearce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

The acute exudative glomerular lesion of the rabbit's kidney caused by crotalus venom does not lead to a subacute or chronic glomerulonephritis. The hemorrhagic lesion of the glomerular tuft may show a process of repair characterized by the ingrowth, into the hemorrhagic masses, of endothelial cells from the uninjured part of the tuft. This process is, however, more analogous to the organization of a red thrombus than it is to any form of glomerular lesion known in man, and can hardly serve as an experimental demonstration of the mode of development of a subacute or chronic glomerular nephritis. On the other hand, crotalus venom causes a persistent albuminuria and extensive tubular degeneration and cast formation, with death, preceded by great emaciation, after five to six weeks.
Preventing Transfusion of Infectious Blood Negative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies (Anti-HIV)
Authors: Peter L. Page
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1988Preventing Transfusion of Infectious Blood Negative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies (Anti-HIV)Peter L. Page, MDPeter L. Page, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-436_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:The recent article (1) on human immunodeficiency virus antibody (anti-HIV) seroreversion from positive to negative in asymptomatic persons infected with HIV brings up again an issue that has been of concern to blood bankers for some time—the potential transmission of HIV infection from an anti-HIV negative blood donation (2). The accompanying editorial (3) appropriately emphasizes the rarity of such a potential and lists many of the actions of the blood-banking community (in addition to donor testing) that should prevent most such occurences. Included were asking persons at increased risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) not to...References1. FarzadeganPolisWolinsky HMS. Loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies with evidence of viral infection in asymptomatic homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:785-90. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WardHolmbergAllen JSJ. Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by blood transfusions screened as negative for HIV antibody. N Engl J Med. 1988;318:473-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Zuck T. Silent sequences and the safety of blood transfusions [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:895-6. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Code of Federal Regulations: Title 21—Food and Drugs; 1 April 1987: Part 606. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American Red Cross Blood Services Northeast Region Dedham, MA 02026 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAudit of a paediatric directed donation programme 1 September 1988Volume 109, Issue 5Page: 436-436KeywordsAIDSAntibodiesBlood banksBlood transfusionHIVHIV infectionsHIV prevention Issue Published: 1 September 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Influence of Selective Induction of Labour on Mortality in Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Authors: O. D. Fisher
Journal: BMJ (1957)

In the past few years the mortality in haemolytic disease of the newborn has fallen considerably, but obstetricians and paediatricians still differ in the management of the expectant mother with rhesus antibodies.The Medical Research Council in 1949 initiated con- trolled trials of treatment: firstly, between exchange and simple transfusions; and, secondly, between routine induction of labour and spontaneous delivery.The preliminary results of the trials were published in 1952 by Mollison and Walker and showed that exchange transfusion resulted in a lower mortality (13%) than simple transfusion (37%), while the incidence of kernic- terus was also lower after exchange transfusion than after simple transfusion.They concluded that routine premature induction of labour three to five weeks before the estimated date of delivery resulted in a higher mor- tality (36.4%) than when labour ended spontaneously (24.1 %).A later review by Armitage and Mollison (1953) of the children born during these Medical Research Council trials showed that infants born prematurely were more liable to kernicterus and to mental and motor defects than those born spontaneously.Since the official recommendations by the Medical Research Council in 1952 regarding exchange transfusion and premature induction of labour, other workers have also emphasized that premature induction of labour has no place in the routine treatment of haemolytic disease of the newborn-for example, Walker and Murray (1954).These expressed views have probably resulted in the virtual cessation of premature induction of labour for this disease in most obstetrical hospitals and units in the United Kingdom.However, at the Royal Maternity Hospital, Belfast, these views have never been fully accepted in Professor Macafee's department, where induction of labour has been carried out when indicated.This approach has
TARGETING RESISTANCE PATHWAYS IN BRAF-MUTANT PEDIATRIC GLIOMAS
Authors: T. Nicolaides, T. W. Yao, Y. Yoshida, J. Zhang, T. Ozawa, D. James
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Mutational activation of BRAF is a common finding in pediatric gliomas. As many as 14% of pediatric high grade glioma and up to 66% of certain subtypes of low grade pediatric glioma contain the BRAFV600E mutation. Small molecule inhibitors that selectively target BRAFV600E, and that are FDA approved for treating melanoma, have shown significant efficacy in treating BRAFV600E glioma in pre-clinical studies. Nonetheless, and despite showing initial efficacy, acquired drug resistance significantly limits the use of BRAFV600E inhibitors in clinical settings. Here, we have identified molecular mechanisms of BRAFV600E inhibitor resistance in glioma, and our detailing of these adaptive mechanisms offer strategies to delay and/or overcome drug resistance. METHODS: To enable our studies, we generated multiple BRAFV600E inhibitor resistant glioma cell lines and tumor models. RESULTS: BRAFV600E inhibitor resistant AM38 and DBTRG-05MG human glioma cells, subjected to extended exposure to PLX4720, show reduced MAP kinase inhibition as well as reduced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic response, relative to corresponding naïve cells that have not been previously exposed to inhibitor. In addition, BRAFV600E glioma xenografts, established by implantation with PLX4720-resistant glioma cells, do not respond to inhibitor treatment, resulting in lack of benefit to animal subject survival from treatment. By phospho-kinase array and gene expression analysis, we found that certain receptor tyrosine kinases, including EGF and Axl receptors, and pro-survival kinases involved in Wnt signaling, are hyperactivated in BRAFV600E inhibitor resistant gliomas. Armed with this information, we show that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of those pathways significantly reduces the viability of PLX4720 resistant cells. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we have identified mechanisms of BRAFV600E inhibitor resistance from sustained BRAF inhibitor treatment of glioma cells, and these mechanisms involve activation of signaling mediators important to tumor cell proliferation and survival. Our results suggest novel therapeutic strategies for treating BRAFV600E -mutant pediatric glioma that should delay acquired resistance, and possibly take advantage of tumor adaptive mechanisms to BRAF inhibitor therapy. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Pediatrics.
Antiretroviral Therapy Where Resources Are Limited
Authors: Steven J. Reynolds, John G. Bartlett, Thomas C. Quinn, Chris Beyrer, Robert C. Bollinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

In the State of the Union address of January 2003, President George W. Bush announced an unprecedented five-year, $15 billion Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief1 to provide highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to up to 2 million patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Africa and the Caribbean. Such efforts are urgently needed to offer hope to the more than 24 million HIV-infected persons living in settings where medical and economic resources are limited. The availability of generic HAART formulations has facilitated efforts mediated by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) to encourage multinational pharmaceutical manufacturers . . .
Increased coronary mortality in relatives of hypercholesterolemic school children: the Muscatine study.
Authors: H G Schrott, W R Clarke, D A Wiebe, W E Connor, R M Lauer
Journal: Circulation (1979)

From 2,874 school children participating in the 1971 and 1973 Muscatine Coronary Risk Factor Survey, we selected three groups of index cases for detailed family study: the HIGH group (n = 56), with cholesterol levels greater than the 95th percentile twice; the MIDDLE group (n = 46), cholesterol levels between the 5th and 95th percentile; and the LOW group (n = 46), cholesterol levels less than the 5th percentile twice. Coronary mortality determined from death certificates was increased in the young relatives (ages 30-59) of the HIGH group index cases, as follows: twofold excess in HIGH male relatives compared with the MIDDLE or LOW group (p less than 0.05); tenfold excess in the HIGH female relatives compared with the MIDDLE and LOW group combined (p less than 0.01). After correction for years at risk, there was an approximately twofold significantly-increased coronary mortality. Stroke mortality was higher, although not significantly, in the older relatives (ages greater than or equal to 60) of the HIGH index cases. Cancer mortality was not significantly different among the relatives of the three groups of index cases. This study indicates that school children's cholesterol levels cluster with those of their family members and that persistent hypercholesterolemia in children identifies families at risk for coronary artery disease.
Management of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: John C. Hagan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The importance of diabetics having their eyes examined regularly by ophthalmologists as well as the difficulty of determining the presence of proliferative retinopathy, especially by nonophthalmologists, is properly emphasized by Sussman et al (1982;247:3231) and in the accompanying editorial by Skyler (1982; 247:3246). However, Dr Skyler's final recommendation that patients with suspected or proved proliferative diabetic retinopathy should be referred to a "retinal specialist" is not supported or recommended in the original article and is so much at variance with the first part of his own editorial that I wonder if the word<i>retinal specialist</i>was not mistakenly inserted for the more appropriate word<i>ophthalmologist</i>. Sussman et al clearly stated that because of the small number of physicians in their study, they did not focus on the diagnostic abilities of any single group. They stated their primary purpose was not to compare ophthalmologists in general with retinal
Vascular Lesion of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Authors: Robert M. Bird, William E. Jaques
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE present report of a classic case of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Rendu–Osler–Weber disease) is presented because it supplies histologic data relevant to the basic vascular defect. The autopsy findings emphasize the diversity of tissues that display the vascular involvement, and may explain the severe cardiopulmonary symptoms suffered by the patient.Case ReportJ.R.J., a 68-year-old man, was hospitalized for the 9th time after an acute illness of 2 weeks' duration. The referring diagnosis was a ruptured abdominal viscus. The genetic background has been reported elsewhere.1 Since that report he is the 2nd member of generation II who has died. His . . .
Current Thought on Harvey
Authors: F. N. L. Poynter
Journal: BMJ (1957)

Seven workers exposed to ultraviolet printing inks developed contact dermatitis. Six cases were allergic and one irritant. A urethane acrylate resin accounted for five cases of sensitisation, one of which was also sensitive to pentaerythritol triacrylate and another also to an epoxy acrylate resin. One instance of allergy to trimethylpropane triacrylate accounted for the sixth case of contact dermatitis in this group of workers. An irritant reaction is presumed to account for the dermatitis in the individual not proved to have cutaneous allergy by patch tests. In this instance trimethylpropane triacrylate was thought to be the most likely irritating agent. Laboratory investigation proved urethane acrylate to be an allergen. The results of investigations of the sensitisation potentials of urethane acrylate, methylmethacrylate, epoxy acrylate resins, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, and other multifunctional acrylic monomers in the albino guinea pig are presented. The interpretation of such predictive tests is discussed.
Abstract 4573: Advanced In Vitro Protocols for Living, Autologous Tissue-engineered Heart Valves Implanted by Minimally Invasive Procedures
Authors: Petra E Dijkman, Anita Mol, Doerthe Schmidt, Rene Stenger, Gregor Zund, Frank P.T. Baaijens, Simon P. Hoerstrup
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction:  Tissue engineering (TE) technologies providing living, autologous heart valves with the capacity of regeneration and growth have shown functionality in chronic animal studies and first human applications. We have previously demonstrated the successful merging of tissue engineering and minimally invasive implantation technologies in a large animal model. Here we investigate the influence of a novel,  biomimetic  in vitro technology on valve performance.   Methods:  Trileaflet heart valves (n=4, 30mm) based on rapidly degrading polymer scaffolds integrated in self-expandable stents were engineered from sequentially seeded ovine vascular derived autologous cells. Valves were grown in-vitro for 19d utilizing combined strain-flow bioreactor systems. Thereafter, valves were crimped (12mm) and delivered minimally invasively (trans-apical) in sheep replacing the native pulmonary valves. Controls were analyzed directly after the crimping/delivery process for structural integrity. Post-operative follow-up (4w) comprised angiography and echocardiography. Neo-tissue analyses included histology, SEM, ECM quantification and biomechanical testing.   Results:  TE heart valves showed preserved structural integrity after the crimping and delivery process. The minimally invasive procedure was successful in all implanted valves and adequate functionality was observed up to 4 weeks. Morphological analyses of the leaflets demonstrated a thickened, layered tissue formation comparable to previous animal studies. The TE valve ring structures were integrated into the adjacent native tissue after 4w.   Conclusions:  This study demonstrates that based on a novel  biomimetic  in vitro technology living, tissue engineered heart valves can be generated and implanted by minimally invasive procedures. Process safety and short-term functionality were shown and long-term animal studies are initiated.
Changing faecal population of escherichia coli in hospital medical patients
Authors: E. M. Cooke, S. Ewins, R. A. Shooter
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Specimens of faeces were obtained at weekly intervals for one year from patients in a female medical ward and Escherichia coli present were typed. The faecal E. coli population of the patients was constantly changing. No serotypes of E. coli were dominant, but on 31 occasions during the year small clusters of patients carried the same type.