tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Decreases in portal flow trigger a hepatorenal reflex to inhibit renal sodium and water excretion in rats: Role of adenosine
Authors: Zhi Ming, Donald D. Smyth, Wayne W. Lautt
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

The regulation of renal sodium and water excretion through a hepatorenal reflex activated by the changes in hemodynamics of the portal circulation has been suggested. We hypothesize that the changes in intrahepatic blood flow and flow-related intrahepatic adenosine are involved in the control of renal water and sodium excretion by triggering a hepatorenal reflex. Anesthetized rats were instrumented to monitor the systemic, hepatic, and renal circulation. A vascular shunt connecting the portal vein and central vena cava was established to allow for control of the portal venous blood flow (PVBF). Urine was collected from the bladder. The effects of decreased PVBF on renal water and sodium excretion were compared in normal and hepatic denervated rats. Decreasing intrahepatic PVBF by half for 30 minutes decreased urine flow by 38% (12.1 ± 1.1 vs. 7.5 ± 0.7 μL · min −1 ) and urine sodium excretion by 44% (1.11 ± 0.30 vs. 0.62 ± 0.17 μmol · min −1 ). Renal arterial blood flow (RABF) and creatinine clearance were also reduced by the decreases in intrahepatic PVBF. Hepatic denervation, or intrahepatic administration of an adenosine receptor antagonist, 8-phenyltheophylline (8-PT), abolished the effects of decreasing PVBF on urine flow and sodium excretion. The data suggest that the decrease in intrahepatic PVBF triggers a hepatorenal reflex through the activation of adenosine receptors within the liver, thereby inhibiting renal water and sodium excretion. The water and sodium retention commonly seen in the hepatorenal syndrome may be related to intrahepatic adenosine accumulation resulting from the associated decrease in intrahepatic portal flow.
<i>S</i>-Glutathionylated Serine Proteinase Inhibitors as Plasma Biomarkers in Assessing Response to Redox-Modulating Drugs
Authors: Christina L. Grek, Danyelle M. Townsend, Joachim D. Uys, Yefim Manevich, Woodrow J. Coker, Christopher J. Pazoles, Kenneth D. Tew
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Many cancer drugs impact cancer cell redox regulatory mechanisms and disrupt redox homeostasis. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers that measure therapeutic efficacy or toxicity could improve patient management. Using immunoblot analyses and mass spectrometry, we identified that serpins A1 and A3 were S-glutathionylated in a dose- and time-dependent manner following treatment of mice with drugs that alter reactive oxygen or nitrogen species. Tandem mass spectrometry analyses identified Cys(256) of serpin A1 and Cys(263) of serpin A3 as the S-glutathionylated residues. In human plasma from cancer patients, there were higher levels of unmodified serpin A1 and A3, but following treatments with redox active drugs, relative S-glutathionylation of these serpins was higher in plasma from normal individuals. There is potential for S-glutathionylated serpins A1 and A3 to act as pharmacodynamic biomarkers for evaluation of patient response to drugs that target redox pathways.
Diseases of Connective Tissue
Authors: M. I. V. Jayson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

It seems likely that many of the soft tis! described, such as joint effusions, enlarged ly rheumatoid nodules, and oedema of the soft be evident clinically, so that their demon radiological means may not give additional or help with the management of the patient. is left wondering about the practical importai of the changes described.However, there is n( the radiology of the soft tissues has been nel this book may well do something to ove deficiency.
Bedside Catheterization of the Pulmonary Artery: Risks Compared with Benefits
Authors: Michael A. Matthay
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The decision to use bedside pulmonary artery catheterization for managing patients must involve a careful assessment of the risks compared to the benefits. Complications can be minimized by following specific guidelines for catheter insertion and maintenance. Pulmonary artery catheterization has been shown to be more accurate than clinical assessment alone in critically ill patients for determining the cause of shock (hypovolemic, cardiogenic, or septic) or for assessing the cause of severe pulmonary edema (cardiogenic or noncardiogenic). The diagnosis of cardiac failure in medical or surgical patients with invasive hemodynamic monitoring provides physiologic data that guide pharmacologic treatment that may favorably influence preload and afterload in the failing or ischemic heart. Managing hemodynamics with the aid of pulmonary artery catheterization in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome has received considerable attention, but a contribution to better patient outcome has not been established. Similarly, although clinical management of hemodynamic instability in septic shock is facilitated by pulmonary artery catheterization, the mortality remains very high because of the lack of specific therapy to reverse the sepsis syndrome. Adequate volume resuscitation and improved tissue oxygenation are universally accepted goals, but specific hemodynamic endpoints are controversial and direct measurements of tissue oxygenation are not possible. Prospective studies to define the clinical value of pulmonary artery catheterization are needed, but must be designed very carefully in order to identify unequivocally the effect of pulmonary artery catheterization on outcome in critically ill patients.
Ascorbic Acid Inhibition of the Glucose-oxidase Test for Glycosuria
Authors: P. O'Gorman, P. D. Griffiths, H. R. Bloxam
Journal: BMJ (1960)

ChromatographyGlucose-oxidase test-positive .37Glucose-oxidase test positive-glucose present .26Glucose-oxidase test positive-glucose not detected .I I Glucose-oxidase test-negative .463Glucose-oxidase test negative-glucose not detected .456Glucose-oxidase test negative-glucose present.
SKIN SENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN PREPARATIONS
Authors: R. H. MEARA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1948)

Journal Article SKIN SENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN PREPARATIONS Get access R. H. MEARA, M.B., B.Ch.Camb. R. H. MEARA, M.B., B.Ch.Camb. Assistant Registrar to Skin Department, University College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 60, Issue 1, 1 January 1948, Pages 14–17, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1948.tb10926.x Published: 01 January 1948
Comparison of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC and HYNIC-TATE Octreotide Scintigraphy With FDG PET and 99mTc-MIBI in Local Recurrent or Distant Metastatic Thyroid Cancers
Authors: Sait Sager, Levent Kabasakal, Metin Halac, Helmut Maecke, Lebriz Uslu, Çetin Önsel, Bedii Kanmaz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

There have been various studies for early diagnosis of local recurrent or distant metastatic thyroid cancers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC and 99mTc-HYNIC-TATE, octreotide derivatives, to detect recurrences or distant metastases in 131I-negative thyroglobulin positive thyroid cancer patients and to compare the lesions with FDG PET and 99mTc-MIBI studies in the same patient group.Twenty differentiated thyroid cancer patients, 7 male and 13 female, mean age 54.6 ± 15.3 (range 13-78 years), were included in this study. Eighteen patients had papillary thyroid cancer and 2 had follicular thyroid cancer. Fifteen patients received HYNIC-TOC and 5 patients received HYNIC-TATE as a radiopharmaceutical. All patients underwent whole-body scan 1 and 4 hours after injection of octreotide derivatives and SPECT imagings were performed from the suspicious sites. The lesions that were seen in 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC and 99mTc-HYNIC-TATE studies were compared with 99mTc-MIBI and FDG-PET studies.Among 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC and 99mTc-HYNIC-TATE scintigraphies, 15 patient studies were evaluated as true positive (75%) and 5 were false negative (25%). The total number of lesions in octreotide scintigraphy was 48 in 20 patients. Of 20 patients, 19 had FDG-PET study, 15 of them were evaluated as true positive (78.9%), and 4 them were evaluated as false negative (21.1%). Total number of lesions in FDG PET was 74. 99mTc-MIBI study was positive in 11 patients (55%) and negative in 9 patients (45%). Total number of lesions in 99mTc-MIBI was 25.Technetium-labeled somatostatin receptor scintigraphy analogues HYNIC-TOC and HYNIC-TATE are useful imaging alternatives in somatostatin receptor expressing thyroid cancer patients. Radiolabeling is easy and they are readily available for routine use.
Efficacy and safety of mefloquine, artesunate, mefloquine–artesunate, tribendimidine, and praziquantel in patients with Opisthorchis viverrini: a randomised, exploratory, open-label, phase 2 trial
Authors: Phonepasong Soukhathammavong, Peter Odermatt, Somphou Sayasone, Youthanavanh Vonghachack, Penelope Vounatsou, Christoph Hatz, Kongsap Akkhavong, Jennifer Keiser
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2010)
Abstract 3808: Tetrandrine blocks cell cycle progression and promotes growth arrest in prostate cancer cells by up-regulating CDK inhibitors (p21 and p27) and suppressing cyclin expression.
Authors: Sweaty Koul, Randall B. Meacham, Hari K. Koul
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. De-regulated cell cycle progression is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. While many agents are available to inhibit growth and proliferation of normal cells, we do not have efficient agents that inhibit growth and proliferation of tumor cells, and no agents are able to achieve growth arrest and inhibition of cell cycle progression in castrate resistant prostate cancer. In this study we evaluated effects of Tetrandrine (Tet: a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the root of Stephania tetrandra) that has been shown to have diverse biological properties, on cell growth, proliferation and cell cycle progression in prostate cancer cells. Methods: Prostate cancer cells, LNCaP cells (androgen dependent), LNCaP C-4 and C4-B (castrate resistant lineages derived from LNCaP cells) cells were obtained from ATTCC. Cells were maintained in select media and grown in 5% CO2 in a humidified incubator maintained at 37C. Where indicated Tet (1-20 uM) was added to the growth media for various time points as indicated. Cell growth and proliferation was monitored by MTT assay and cell cycle distribution was measured by FACS assay following labeling of the cells with Propedium Iodide. Western Blotting was used to monitor changes in the levels of various cell cycle related proteins. Results: Tet treatment inhibited cell growth and proliferation in all three cell lines tested. The effects of Tet on cell growth and proliferation were dose dependent with complete growth inhibition at 20 uM. Tet treatment resulted in a significant increase in cyclin dependent kinase inhibitory (CDKi) protein p21 (WAF1, Cip1) and p27 (Kip1) and with p21 increase being most prominent. Moreover, p21 was associated with Cyclin D kinases as monitored by IP assays. Gene expression analysis revealed that Tet decreased mRNA levels of cyclins. FACS analysis revealed that Tet treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest in G1/G0 phase of cell cycle. Finally TET inhibited growth of LNCaP-derived tumors in nude mice. These in vivo effects of TET were also associated with a dramatic increase in p21. Conclusions: Tet inhibits growth and proliferation of prostate cancer cells by effectively blocking cell cycle progression, in part by mediating increase in p21 (WAF1, Cip1) and p27 (Kip1) proteins and suppressing cyclin expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3808. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3808
A quality rating scale for aesthetic surgical procedures
Authors: Murad Alam, Jean DesJardin, Kenneth A. Arndt, Jeffrey S. Dover, Robert M. Hodapp, Leslie Baumann, Harold J. Brody, Jean B. Carruthers, William P. Coleman, Jerome M. Garden, Roy G. Geronemus, Richard G. Glogau, Carolyn I. Jacob, Bruce E. Katz, Arnold William Klein, Madeline C. Krauss, Naomi Lawrence, Ronald L. Moy, Rhoda S. Narins, Neil S. Sadick, Michael S. Kaminer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Parotid Gland Enlargement and the Insulin-oedema Syndrome
Authors: C. D. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1966)

not deduce cause and effect from this.My own work showed that the popliteal artery below the level of the knee-joint rarely develops atherosclerotic plaques, and large collaterals seldom arose from this segment.Robertson's work' showed that intimal cushions develop at the origin of branches in the femoral and popliteal arteries and these are transformed into atherosclerotic plaques with increasing age.If this work is valid, plaques are likely to develop in regions where branches are numerous-that is, in the adductor region and in the popliteal artery a few centimetres above the knee-joint-and plaques are less likely to develop where branches are uncommon-that is, in the popliteal artery below the level of the knee- joint.The less severe atherosclerotic changes found in the distal part of the popliteal artery seem therefore to be due to the protective effect of occlusions occurring proximally and to the absence of large branches in this segment of the popliteal artery.-Iam, etc.,
Ataxia in Families from the Azores
Authors: David M. Dawson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

The hereditary ataxias are obscure degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Motor structures of the pons, spinal cord, and cerebellum are principally affected. Most patients begin to have symptoms in early adult life, although childhood illness, chiefly Friedreich's ataxia, does occur. Understanding of these conditions has not progressed very far since the main varieties were described 70 to 100 years ago. Classification has never been very satisfactory; many intermediate cases occur. The clinical features of the illness may vary considerably as progression occurs, and the pathologist can show only the final results of the process.The two methods of description, . . .
Hong Kong Influenza in a Neonatal Unit
Authors: Charles R. Bauer, Katherine Elie, Leslie Spence, Leo Stern
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Three simultaneous cases of viral infection acquired from the attending personnel occurred in a newborn intensive care nursery. Influenza A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N2) virus was isolated from two of them. The three infants were at high risk due to underlying disease. Although initial symptoms were dramatic, the course was benign with recovery in all cases. To our knowledge, these represent the first reported cases of Hong Kong influenza in a newborn population.
ELEVATORS FOR CHILDREN'S SCHOOLS
Authors: Morris H. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Of all the public buildings in New York, the public elementary schools as well as high schools are being constructed still without any elevator facilities for the children. Some of these buildings are four and five stories high, necessitating the climbing of stairs, which is harmful even for the normal children and certainly for those with potential or certain cardiac defects, as well as for those who suffer from anemia, malnutrition, and the like. I have written recently to the superintendent of schools and he replied that it was a surprise to him that any physician would suddenly begin to consider this aspect of the situation when for years doctors did not object to children climbing stairs. It is my conviction that stress and strain involve effects on the heart and arteries the full measure of which we have not yet apprehended. It is certain that in
The Hemodynamics of the Left Side of the Heart as Studied by Simultaneous Left Atrial, Left Ventricular, and Aortic Pressures; Particular Reference to Mitral Stenosis
Authors: EUGENE BRAUNWALD, HOWARD L. MOSCOVITZ, SALOMAO S. AMRAM, RICHARD P. LASSER, SAMUEL O. SAPIN, AARON HIMMELSTEIN, MARK M. RAVITCH, ALVIN J. GORDON
Journal: Circulation (1955)

At operation the hemodynamics of the left side of the heart were studied in six patients without mitral stenosis, and in eight patients with mitral stenosis, by means of simultaneous needle puncture of the left atrium, left ventricle, and aorta. This technic permits analysis of the various phases of the cardiac cycle in normal subjects and in patients with mitral stenosis. The fundamental hemodynamic expression of mitral stenosis is the presence of an elevated left atrioventricular filling pressure sure gradient, which ranged from 4 to 20 mm. Hg, and after valvulotomy fell in relation to the adequacy of the procedure.
Nigerian state of Kano resumes polio vaccination
Authors: Fiona Fleck
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Body set up to increase numbers taking part in trials 365, 149 A new body was launched last week to get the NHS and industry working more closely together to increase the number of patients taking part in clinical trials.The UK Clinical Research Collaboration will bring together key players to speed up the development of medicines in five areas-Alzheimer's disease, stroke, diabetes, mental health, and children's medicine.Representatives from the NHS, industry, the Medical Research Council and other funding bodies, medical charities, and the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) will make up the new body.Using the successful National Cancer Research Networks organisation as a model, the collaboration will use an initial £24m ($44m; €36m) to set up similar research networks in the five new areas.
Inotropic Agents in Hypoxic Cat Myocardium
Authors: KENNETH M. KENT, THEODORE L. GOODFRIEND, ZENA T. MCCALLUM, PETER J. DEMPSEY, THEODORE COOPER
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

The effects of several inotropic agents were investigated in papillary muscle preparations from normal cats and cats that had undergone previous total extrinsic cardiac denervation. The papillary muscles were bathed in a modified Krebs-Ringer's solution which was equilibrated with 95% O 2 -5% CO 2 for the control drug studies or 5% O 2 -5% CO 2 -90% N 2 for the hypoxia studies. This degree of hypoxia produced a 32 ± 3% decrease in tension in papillary muscles from normal cats and a 14 ± 4% decrease in catecholamine-depleted papillary muscles. During hypoxia there was depression of the maximum response to ouabain and norepinephrine with otherwise unchanged dose-response curves. Deterioration of the hypoxic muscles occurred after exposure to norepinephrine concentrations of 5 x 10 -7 M and greater. The dose-response curve for angiotensin II was unchanged by hypoxia. However, during hypoxia, the dose-response curves for two heptapeptide analogues of angiotensin II, 1-des-5-Valand 1-des-5-Ile-angiotensin II, were augmented. The inotropic effects of these analogues under control and hypoxic conditions were the same in the normal and catecholamine-depleted muscles. The potentiation by hypoxia of the inotropic effects of the angiotensin II analogues is unique among the agents studied.
PWE-156 Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD) Symptomatology is not a Reliable Predictor of Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: A Sugumaran, A Rasheed
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is considered a risk factor for development of gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Our aim is to determine the prevalence of GORD symptomatology and Barrett’s columnar metaplasia prior to the diagnosis of distal oesophageal, gastro-oesophageal junction (GOJ) and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma at GCDD over a 10 year period. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective pilot study collected data from patients diagnosed with adenocarcinomas arising from the distal oesophagus, GOJ and cardia in one year. A standardised proforma was designed to capture demographics, clinico-pathological and endoscopic data including the relationship of tumour epicentre with the distal end of the tubular oesophagus, the presence or absence of Barrett’s oesophagus; history of recurrent heartburn or regurgitation. To avoid reversed causality, we disregarded symptoms that occurred less than five years prior to cancer diagnosis. <h3>Results</h3> 37 patients were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of lower oesophagus and cardia between January and December 2011. 73.5% of patients were male and the age at diagnosis ranged between 45 and 97 years. Only 32% of diagnosed cancers were referred through ‘Urgent suspected cancer’ pathway. 43% of patients were smokers and 28% were ex-smokers; 55% drank alcohol regularly. Only 6 out of 37 patients had chronic symptoms (more than 5 years duration) suggestive of reflux including nausea, heartburn and sore tongue. 62% of these patients were on proton pump inhibitors or Histamine blockers at the time of diagnosis. 20% of the endoscopies showed a large hiatus hernia at index endoscopy and 20% showed evidence of Barrett’s (length between 6 and 11cm). Only 30% of patients were treated with curative intervention and the rest were managed by palliative means. 63.8% of diagnosed patients were not alive at one year of follow up out of which one patient had treatment with curative intent, Correlation testing between GORD and diagnosis of GOJ adenocarcinoma using regression analysis did not reach statistical significance. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This interim report did not reveal a significant correlation between chronic reflux and development of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma. The number is too small to permit a firm conclusion and we will report further results upon completion of the 10 years. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Musashi-2 regulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia
Authors: Michael G Kharas, Christopher J Lengner, Fatima Al-Shahrour, Lars Bullinger, Brian Ball, Samir Zaidi, Kelly Morgan, Winnie Tam, Mahnaz Paktinat, Rachel Okabe, Maricel Gozo, William Einhorn, Steven W Lane, Claudia Scholl, Stefan Fröhling, Mark Fleming, Benjamin L Ebert, D Gary Gilliland, Rudolf Jaenisch, George Q Daley
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)