tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SERUM ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE AND 1-YEAR MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE AND REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Michael Zairis, Nikolaos Patsourakos, Evdokia Adamopoulou, Anastassios Theodosis Georgilas, Kyriakos Argyrakis, Markos Kouris, Nikolaos Tsekes, Kostas Garefalakis, Antonis Benopoulos, Stella Nini, Constantine Fakiolas, Stefanos Foussas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Rational Design of Antisense Oligomers to Induce Dystrophin Exon Skipping
Authors: Chalermchai Mitrpant, Abbie M Adams, Penny L Meloni, Francesco Muntoni, Sue Fletcher, Steve D Wilton
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2009)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), one of the most severe neuromuscular disorders of childhood, is caused by the absence of a functional dystrophin. Antisense oligomer (AO) induced exon skipping is being investigated to restore functional dystrophin expression in models of muscular dystrophy and DMD patients. One of the major challenges will be in the development of clinically relevant oligomers and exon skipping strategies to address many different mutations. Various models, including cell-free extracts, cells transfected with artificial constructs, or mice with a human transgene, have been proposed as tools to facilitate oligomer design. Despite strong sequence homology between the human and mouse dystrophin genes, directing an oligomer to the same motifs in both species does not always induce comparable exon skipping. We report substantially different levels of exon skipping induced in normal and dystrophic human myogenic cell lines and propose that animal models or artificial assay systems useful in initial studies may be of limited relevance in designing the most efficient compounds to induce targeted skipping of human dystrophin exons for therapeutic outcomes.
The reduction of Na/H exchanger-3 protein and transcript expression in acute ischemia–reperfusion injury is mediated by extractable tissue factor(s)
Authors: Francesca Di Sole, Ming-Chang Hu, Jianning Zhang, Victor Babich, I. Alexandru Bobulescu, Mingjun Shi, Paul McLeroy, Thomas E. Rogers, Orson W. Moe
Journal: Kidney International (2011)
Lateral subluxation of the atlas in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and post-mortem study.
Authors: N Bogduk, G A Major, J Carter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

The atlantoaxial joints of a patient with lateral subluxation of the atlas were studied post mortem by dissection. There was severe erosion of the left lateral atlantoaxial joint and an asymmetrical erosion of the cartilages of the median atlantoaxial joint which prevented reduction of the lateral subluxation. The atlantoaxial ligaments were remarkably intact. It is emphasised that osseous factors rather than ligaments confer lateral stability to the atlantoaxial joints and that destruction of these leads to lateral subluxation.
Reduced Immunoglobulin E and Allergy among Adults with Glioma Compared with Controls
Authors: Joseph L. Wiemels, John K. Wiencke, Joseph Patoka, Michelle Moghadassi, Terri Chew, Alex McMillan, Rei Miike, Geoffrey Barger, Margaret Wrensch
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract We and others have reported previously that adults with glioma are 1.5- to 4-fold less likely than controls to report a variety of allergic conditions. The consistent nature of this relationship calls for a biological explanation so that preventative or therapeutic modalities can be explored. We enrolled 403 newly diagnosed adult glioma cases in the San Francisco Bay Area over a 3-year period using a population-based cancer registry and 402 age/gender/ethnicity frequency-matched controls identified via random digit dialing. We assessed total, food-specific, and respiratory-specific IgE in available case (n = 228) and control (n = 289) serum samples. IgE levels were associated with gender, age, smoking status, and ethnicity among cases and/or controls. Among the cases, IgE levels were not associated with aspects of glioma therapy including radiation, chemotherapy, or tumor resection. Total IgE levels were lower in cases than controls: age/gender/ethnicity/education/smoking-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for elevated versus normal total IgE was 0.37 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.22–0.64]. For the food panel, OR was 0.12 (95% CI, 0.04–0.41). For the respiratory panel, OR was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.52–1.1). Among respiratory allergies, late age of onset (&amp;gt;12 years) but not IgE levels defined a group with strong associations with risk (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.33–0.75). These results corroborate and strengthen our findings of an inverse association between allergic reactions and glioma by showing a relationship with a biomarker for allergy and cancer for the first time. Furthermore, the results indicate a complex relationship between allergic disease and glioma risk that varies by allergen and allergic pathology.
Computerized ECG Analysis
Authors: Brendan Phibbs
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the review entitled "Status Report on Computerized ECG Analysis" (239:1201, 1978), Ariet and Crevasse make the following statement: "On the other hand, there seems to be no disagreement that presenting a cardiologist with a computerized analysis of an ECG will improve his own diagnostic capability and save time, particularly in reporting." Since this statement is, in fact, the whole justification for promotion of computer ECG programs, it is interesting—and alarming—to discover that it is simply not true. There is widespread disagreement with the notion that computer ECG analysis "will improve diagnostic capability," and there are convincing data to show that it will not. There are no data at all to substantiate the notion that use of computer ECG analysis will save time. Computer ECG proponents confront a dilemma best stated as a question. By universal agreement (including the authors in question),<i>all</i>computer ECG analyses must
586 Optimal dosage of ribavirin during the combination therapy of PEG-IFN α-2b and ribavirin — Search of target concentration of serum ribavirin
Authors: Y. Karino, J. Toyota, N. Akutsu, M. Nakanowatari, T. Arakawa, Y. Kuwata, J. Akaike, K. Yamazaki, T. Ohmura, T. Sato, S. Iino
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Drug Metabolism and Therapeutics
Authors: A. H. Conney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE rapidly expanding number of therapeutic agents in use and the widespread administration of multiple medications to patients demand an increased awareness of both the metabolic effects of drugs and the possible effects of one drug on the metabolism of another. Studies during the past decade have shown dramatically that the duration and intensity of action of many drugs in animals depend on the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes located primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver cell. These enzymes catalyze the metabolism of therapeutic agents by many pathways, such as hydroxylation, dealkylation, deamination, sulfoxidation, azo-link reduction and glucuronide formation. . . .
Condoms and the Prevention of AIDS
Authors: Keith Henry, Kent Crossley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  We were interested in reading the letter by Conant et al1regarding their laboratory data that condoms prevent transmission of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated virus. It is reassuring that retroviruses cannot pass through latex, synthetic skin, or natural lamb skin. The use of condoms has become a cornerstone for safe sexual activity, being recommended to prevent transmission of the AIDS-associated retrovirus. We feel that other factors regarding condoms are much more likely to result in failure to prevent transmission than the virus actually passing through the prophylactic. These factors have already been well substantiated by the 10% failure rate per year of condoms to prevent pregnancies.2  It is not yet clear whether gay men are more motivated to employ condoms to prevent the transmission of AIDS-associated retrovirus than heterosexual couples are likely to use condoms as a means of birth control. The appropriate use of
Local Tetanus
Authors: E. Converse Peirce, C. Harwell Dabbs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

TETANUS is caused by a potent toxin of Clostridium tetani, produced locally in a wound and disseminated by lymphatics and by the blood stream.1 The toxin acts directly on muscle and causes a contraction that is unaccompanied by nerve-action current and persists after the nerve is severed. Spasms tend to occur first in muscles near the site of toxin production, but later there is widespread muscle involvement.2 When the case is severe there are usually marked muscle spasms, with contraction of the muscles of mastication (trismus), facial spasm (risus sardonicus), opisthotonos and generalized convulsions.Tetanus that remains localized is decidedly . . .
Abstract LB-14: Polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amides as targeted small molecule anti-Ras therapies
Authors: Nazarius S. Lamango, Byron J. Aguilar, Augustine T. Nkembo, Randolph Duverna, Felix Amissah, Rosemary A. Poku, Seth Y. Ablordeppey
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer harbors the highest reported rates of K-Ras mutations, lacks effective therapies and is the most challenging to treat. It is thus the most deadly neoplasm with a 5-year survival rate of only 6%. We reveal here that polyisoprenylated methylated protein methyl esterase (PMPMEase) is overexpressed in 93% of pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma. We further present novel compounds with the potential to serve as effective targeted therapies for pancreatic and other cancers with hyperactive growth signaling pathways mediated by Ras and related G-proteins. The design and synthesis of the polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) of PMPMEase incorporate three key elements to obtain compounds to selectively disrupt polyisoprenylation-mediated protein-protein interactions; the farnesyl group for high affinity interactions, a substituted amide bioisostere of the scissile ester bond of the endogenous substrates and an ionizable appendage group designed to mitigate the excessive hydrophobicity of the farnesyl cysteinyl amide that constitutes the pharmacophore. The PCAIs inhibited PMPMEase with Ki values ranging from 3.7 to 20 μM. The 48 h EC50 values for pancreatic cancer Mia PaCa-2 and BxPC-3 cell lines were as low as 1.9 μM while Salirasib (farnesylthiosalicylic acid, FTS) and farnesylthiosalicylamide were not effective even at 20 μM. The PCAIs thus have the potential to serve as a novel class of targeted therapies for cancers with hyperactive G-proteins and the growth factor receptors whose signals they transmit. Citation Format: Nazarius S. Lamango, Byron J. Aguilar, Augustine T. Nkembo, Randolph Duverna, Felix Amissah, Rosemary A. Poku, Seth Y. Ablordeppey. Polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amides as targeted small molecule anti-Ras therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-14. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-14
1152-200 N-terminal pro-b type natriuretic peptide differentiates lung from heart disease in infants with respiratory distress
Authors: Shlomo Cohen, Chaim Springer, Zeev Perles, Azaria J.J.T Rein, Avraham Avitai, Zvi Argaman, Amiram Nir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Morphogenetic events in mixed cultures of rat hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells maintained in biological matrices in the presence of hepatocyte growth factor and epidermal growth factor
Authors: George K. Michalopoulos, William C. Bowen, Valerie F. Zajac, Donna Beer-Stolz, Simon Watkins, Vsevolod Kostrubsky, Steven C. Strom
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Hepatocytes were grown in chemically defined hepatocyte growth medium (HGM) containing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on collagen–coated polystyrene beads in roller bottle cultures, forming clusters of beads, and proliferating hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells, including fenestrated endothelium–forming vascular structures. Desmin–positive cells surrounded hepatocytes. Collagen types I and III were deposited in a diffuse manner whereas collagen type IV surrounded the clusters of the epithelial cells, forming a basement membrane. When the mixed cell clusters were implanted in Matrigel (Collaborative Research, Bedford, MA), hepatocytes grew in three dimensions, forming plates and ducts. Many single, long plates of hepatocytes were seen, suggesting progressive linear assembly guided by hepatocyte specific structural parameters. HGF, EGF, and transforming growth factor–α (TGF–α) enhance these phenomena. HGF plus EGF elicited maximal response. TGF–β1 suppressed formation of the ducts and plates. Within three months in Matrigel, the cultures established monolayers composed of plates, ducts, and a well–delineated canalicular network. The mixed cultures expressed albumin, A1AT, AFP, transferrin, and CYPIIB1. Following implantation of the cell clusters in Matrigel, there was decreased expression of c–met, urokinase, urokinase receptor, and TGF–β1. Electron microscopy showed differentiated hepatocytes with nearly normal ultrastructure. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index was high (more than 80%) whereas the Bromo–deoxyaridine labeling index of ongoing DNA synthesis varied from 10% to 15%. These results show that the mixed cultures of proliferating hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells can reproduce the hallmark structures of hepatic histological architecture while maintaining differentiation and the capacity to proliferate.
Psychiatric disorder among children at time of entering local authority care: questionnaire survey
Authors: G Dimigen, C Del Priore, S Butler, S Evans, L Ferguson, M Swan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Aims:</h3> The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), an important regulator of protein translation and cell proliferation, is activated in various malignancies. In a randomised controlled trial of advanced renal cell carcinoma patients, targeted therapy to mTOR by means of rapamycin analogues has been shown to significantly improve survival. An in vitro study has revealed that mTOR is activated in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines and that mTOR expression is inhibited by rapamycin. The objectives of this histological study were to determine the proportion of OSCC tissues with activated mTOR (p-mTOR) expression, thereby assessing the percentage of patients with OSCC that would possibly benefit from neoadjuvant rapamycin therapy, and to identify the clinicopathological features of these potentially rapamycin-sensitive tumours. <h3>Methods:</h3> The expression of p-mTOR (Ser2448) was immunohistochemically assessed in a validated tissue microarray comprising triplicate tissue biopsy cores of 108 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded OSCCs. Staining results were correlated with clinicopathological data. <h3>Results:</h3> Normal oesophageal epithelium was negative for p-mTOR. Activated mTOR expression was located in the cytoplasm of oesophageal tumour cells. 26 (25%) of 105 assessable OSCCs showed tumour cells with positive staining for activated mTOR. Activated mTOR expression was associated with a lesser degree of differentiation only (p = 0.024). No correlation was detected between p-mTOR and the proliferation marker Ki-67. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Activated mTOR can be detected in one-quarter of OSCCs. Since this subset of patients may potentially benefit from mTOR inhibiting therapy, a phase II clinical trial of neoadjuvant mTOR-inhibiting therapy in patients with OSCC may be considered.
Bahrain Continues Aggressive Action Against Its Health Care System
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 33: Impact of Delayed Time to Defibrillation on Neurological and Functional Status Among Survivors of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Paul S Chan, Harlan M Krumholz, Graham Nichol, Brahmajee K Nallamothu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Expert guidelines advocate defibrillation within 2 minutes of an in-hospital cardiac arrest due to ventricular arrhythmias. However, the impact of delayed defibrillation on neurological and functional status at discharge among survivors is unknown. Methods: We identified 6,744 patients with cardiac arrests due to ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia at 369 hospitals within the National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Using multivariable logistic regression that adjusted for demographics, clinical variables, hospital site, hospital-level variables (hospital size, monitored bed or intensive care status), and admitting diagnoses, we examined the association between delayed defibrillation (&gt;2 minutes) and neurological and functional status at discharge using the previously developed Cerebral and Overall Performance Categories. Performance categories were dichotomized as no major disability vs. major disability and/or vegetative state. Results: The median time to defibrillation was 1 minute (interquartile range:&lt; 1 to 3 minutes), with delayed defibrillation found in 2,000 (29.7%) patients. Overall, 2,311 (34.3%) patients survived to hospital discharge [n=1,863 (39.3%) for prompt defibrillation; n=448 (n=22.4%) for delayed defibrillation]. Among those surviving to discharge, delayed defibrillation was associated with a lower likelihood of no major disability in neurological status (adjusted OR of 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.94; p=0.01) and functional status (adjusted OR of 0.73; 95% CI: 0.55 to 0.96; p=0.02). Conclusion : Delayed defibrillation is associated with worse neurological and functional status among survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrests. Minimizing time to defibrillation represents a major opportunity to improve neurological and functional status in these high-risk patients.
Endoscopic Ultrasonography Features of Colonic Muco-Submucosal Elongated Polyp
Authors: M. Takahashi, M. Kubokawa, M. Tanaka, Y. Sadamoto, K. Ito, R. Yoshimura, N. Harada, H. Nawata
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Figure 1 A 52-year-old man presented at our hospital with continuous back pain. Colonoscopy revealed a small polyp 1 cm in length in the transverse colon. Its surface was smooth and covered with normal colonic mucosa
Future research needs associated with the assessment of potential human health risks from exposure to toxic ambient air pollutants.
Authors: L Möller, D Schuetzle, H Autrup
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

This paper presents key conclusions and future research needs from a Workshop on the Risk Assessment of Urban Air, Emissions, Exposure, Risk Identification, and Quantification, which was held in Stockholm during June 1992 by 41 participants from 13 countries. Research is recommended in the areas of identification and quantification of toxics in source emissions and ambient air, atmospheric transport and chemistry, exposure level assessment, the development of improved in vitro bioassays, biomarker development, the development of more accurate epidemiological methodologies, and risk quantification techniques. Studies are described that will be necessary to assess and reduce the level of uncertainties associated with each step of the risk assessment process. International collaborative research efforts between industry and government organizations are recommended as the most effective way to carry out this research.
Long term follow up of severely ill patients who underwent urgent cardiac transplantation.
Authors: D Mulcahy, M Fitzgerald, C Wright, J Sparrow, J Pepper, M Yacoub, K M Fox
Journal: BMJ (1993)

To assess long term survival (> 5 years) and quality of life in severely ill patients referred for urgent cardiac transplantation.Tertiary referral centres: before transplantation at the National Heart Hospital (late 1984 to end 1986); after transplantation at Harefield Hospital.Eighteen patients (15 men; three women) who had required intensive support in hospital before cardiac transplantation and were alive at short term follow up.Intravenous infusions of cardiac drugs (mean 2.2 infusions), intravenous diuretics (17 patients), and many other drugs before transplantation. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (four patients), temporary pacing (two), and resuscitation from cardiac arrest (three). Patients had specialised nursing care on a medical intensive care unit in almost every case.Long term survival in patients after urgent cardiac transplantation and perceived quality of life.Of 18 patients who were alive at short term follow up (mean (range) 19.4 (10-33) months), 14 were still alive in 1992 (69 (61-83) months). Ten still worked full time, and 11 reported no restrictions in their daily activities. Three of four patients who died in the intervening period survived > 5 years after transplantation. Overall, 17 of 18 patients survived at least 5 years.In severely ill patients who undergo urgent cardiac transplantation and survive in the short term, long term (5-7 year) survival and quality of life seem good.