tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Negative ions of polyatomic molecules.
Authors: L G Christophorou
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

In this paper general concepts relating to, and recent advances in, the study of negative ions of polyatomic molecules area discussed with emphasis on halocarbons. The topics dealt with in the paper are as follows: basic electron attachment processes, modes of electron capture by molecules, short-lived transient negative ions, dissociative electron attachment to ground-state molecules and to "hot" molecules (effects of temperature on electron attachment), parent negative ions, effect of density, nature, and state of the medium on electron attachment, electron attachment to electronically excited molecules, the binding of attached electrons to molecules ("electron affinity"), and the basic and the applied significance of negative-ion studies.
Women's Access and Provider Practices for the Case Management of Malaria during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jenny Hill, Lauren D'Mello-Guyett, Jenna Hoyt, Anna M. van Eijk, Feiko O. ter Kuile, Jayne Webster
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

WHO recommends prompt diagnosis and quinine plus clindamycin for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in the first trimester and artemisinin-based combination therapies in subsequent trimesters. We undertook a systematic review of women's access to and healthcare provider adherence to WHO case management policy for malaria in pregnant women.We searched the Malaria in Pregnancy Library, the Global Health Database, and the International Network for the Rational Use of Drugs Bibliography from 1 January 2006 to 3 April 2014, without language restriction. Data were appraised for quality and content. Frequencies of women's and healthcare providers' practices were explored using narrative synthesis and random effect meta-analysis. Barriers to women's access and providers' adherence to policy were explored by content analysis using NVivo. Determinants of women's access and providers' case management practices were extracted and compared across studies. We did not perform a meta-ethnography. Thirty-seven studies were included, conducted in Africa (30), Asia (4), Yemen (1), and Brazil (2). One- to three-quarters of women reported malaria episodes during pregnancy, of whom treatment was sought by >85%. Barriers to access among women included poor knowledge of drug safety, prohibitive costs, and self-treatment practices, used by 5%-40% of women. Determinants of women's treatment-seeking behaviour were education and previous experience of miscarriage and antenatal care. Healthcare provider reliance on clinical diagnosis and poor adherence to treatment policy, especially in first versus other trimesters (28%, 95% CI 14%-47%, versus 72%, 95% CI 39%-91%, p = 0.02), was consistently reported. Prescribing practices were driven by concerns over side effects and drug safety, patient preference, drug availability, and cost. Determinants of provider practices were access to training and facility type (public versus private). Findings were limited by the availability, quality, scope, and methodological inconsistencies of the included studies.A systematic assessment of the extent of substandard case management practices of malaria in pregnancy is required, as well as quality improvement interventions that reach all providers administering antimalarial drugs in the community. Pregnant women need access to information on which anti-malarial drugs are safe to use at different stages of pregnancy. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockade Inhibits the Expression of Immediate-Early Genes and Fibronectin in Rat Injured Artery
Authors: Shokei Kim, Masaki Kawamura, Hideki Wanibuchi, Kensuke Ohta, Akinori Hamaguchi, Takashi Omura, Tokihito Yukimura, Katsuyuki Miura, Hiroshi Iwao
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Vascular injury activates various kinds of genes, including proto-oncogenes, growth factors, and extracellular matrix proteins. However, the significance of activation of these genes in neointimal formation is poorly understood. Angiotensin II type 1 (AT 1 ) receptor antagonist is shown to prevent neointimal formation after vascular injury, although the mechanism is unclear. To understand the molecular mechanism of vascular thickening, we examined the effects of AT 1 receptor blockade on the gene expression of proto-oncogenes, transforming growth factor–β 1 (TGF-β 1 ), and extracellular matrix proteins after vascular injury. Methods and Results Endothelial denudation of the left common carotid artery in Sprague-Dawley rats was performed with a Fogarty 2F balloon catheter. TCV-116 (10 mg · kg −1 · d −1 ), a selective nonpeptide AT 1 receptor antagonist, or vehicle was administered orally to rats from 1 day before to 14 days after balloon injury. Injured left and uninjured right common carotid arteries were removed from rats at 1, 6, and 24 hours and 3, 7, and 14 days after balloon injury. Tissue mRNA levels were measured with Northern blot analysis using specific cDNA probes and corrected for 18 S ribosomal RNA value. Arterial mRNAs for c- fos , c- jun , jun B, jun D, and Egr -1 increased significantly at 1 hour after balloon injury and decreased rapidly. At 6 hours, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) mRNA expression reached the maximal levels. TGF-β 1 and fibronectin mRNA levels started to increase at 6 hours after injury and remained enhanced until 7 days after injury. On the other hand, collagen types I, III, and IV and laminin mRNA levels were not significantly increased over 7 days. Treatment with TCV-116 significantly inhibited the induction of mRNAs for c- fos , c- jun , Egr -1, ODC, and fibronectin in injured artery, whereas the increase in TGF-β 1 gene expression after injury was not prevented by TCV-116. Immunohistological studies indicated that TCV-116 decreased not only the intimal thickening but also the amount of these extracellular matrix proteins in the intima. Conclusions The results indicate that AT 1 receptor blockade inhibits the induction of immediate-early genes, ODC, and fibronectin in rat injured artery. Thus, inhibition of intimal thickening by AT 1 receptor blockade may be mediated at least in part by suppression of multiple genes related to cell growth and migration in the very early phase after vascular injury.
Prognostic Factors and Risk Groups in T1G3 Non–Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Initially Treated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin: Results of a Retrospective Multicenter Study of 2451 Patients
Authors: Paolo Gontero, Richard Sylvester, Francesca Pisano, Steven Joniau, Kathy Vander Eeckt, Vincenzo Serretta, Stéphane Larré, Savino Di Stasi, Bas Van Rhijn, Alfred J. Witjes, Anne J. Grotenhuis, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Renzo Colombo, Alberto Briganti, Marek Babjuk, Per-Uno Malmström, Marco Oderda, Jacques Irani, Nuria Malats, Jack Baniel, Roy Mano, Tommaso Cai, Eugene K. Cha, Peter Ardelt, John Varkarakis, Riccardo Bartoletti, Martin Spahn, Robert Johansson, Bruno Frea, Viktor Soukup, Evanguelos Xylinas, Guido Dalbagni, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Joan Palou
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Increased circulating platelet–neutrophil, platelet–monocyte complexes, and platelet activation in patients with ulcerative colitis: A comparative study
Authors: Gülsüm E. Pamuk, Özden Vural, Burhan Turgut, Muzaffer Demir, Hasan Ümit, Ahmet Tezel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

It is reported that the incidence of thromboembolism is increased in ulcerative colitis (UC), and hypercoagulability persists even when patients are in remission. We evaluated the association of inflammatory response parameters with UC activity, and activation parameters of the platelets, endothelium, and the coagulation system in UC. Eighteen UC patients and 19 healthy subjects were included in the study. The patients' clinical features were recorded down; whole blood counts and acute phase parameters were evaluated. UC patients were divided into two as active (9 patients) and inactive (9 patients) according to combined clinical activity index (CAI) and endoscopic activity index (EAI) scores. In all subjects, platelet CD62P expression, platelet-monocyte complexes (PMC), platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNC), and platelet microparticles (PMP) were determined by flow cytometry. E-selectin, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) levels in plasma, and sCD40L levels in serum were determined by ELISA. In both active and inactive UC patients, platelet CD62P expression, the percentages of PMC, and PNC were significantly higher than those in the control group (P< 0.01). PMP level was higher in the control group than in inactive UC patients (P = 0.001). sCD40L level was significantly higher in active UC group than in the control group (P < 0.01). EAI score correlated significantly with PMP (r = 0.5, P = 0.04) and sCD40L (r = 0.48, P = 0.044); CAI score had a negative correlation (r = -0.68, P = 0.002) with sE-selectin level. In addition to increased CD62P expression and sCD40L, increased formation of PMC and PNC suggests a role for platelet-leukocyte complex formation together with platelet activation in thromboembolic events observed in UC.
ADDRESS ON OBSTETRICS.
Authors: W. B. ULRICH
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In taking up the evidences of recent progress in obstetrics, I wish first to call your attention to the growing appreciation in all civilized communities of the services of the skillful accoucheur. Then we remember that when Dr. Wm. Shippen, Jr., began his lectures in Philadelphia, in 1765, a little over a century ago, the practice of midwifery was entirely in the hands of nurses, mostly of the Sairy Gamp style so graphically described by Charles Dickens, and the physician was only called in after some grave emergency had arisen and the life of the patient imperiled. When we recall the fact that it was not until 1808 that the trustees of the University of Pennsylvania created an independent Chair of Obstetrics in the faculty, and made the attendance upon the lectures obligatory upon the students, we begin to realize the great strides that have been made in this, the
A piece of my mind. In the footsteps
Authors: T. J. Wolter
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On One Hundred Consecutive Cases Cataract, Mature and Immature, Treated by Intraocular Injection
Authors: W. A. McKeown
Journal: BMJ (1888)

examination, must sttte whether he intends to compete for honours in any sub- ject or subjects; and, if he does so intend, must specify the subject or subjects.A candidate who enters for, but fails to obtain, honours in any subject, may be recommended by the examiuers for a pass in that subject, it they are satisfied that he has shown such a cnpetent knowledge thereof as is required by the regulations for the pass examination.That is to say, that if a young fellow thinks that he knows enough organic chemistry to warrant his aspiring for honours in that subject, and happens to have over-estimated his attainments by but a few degrees, he not only fails to obtain those honours (which must now look very empty, I should think), but he even fails to get a pass- place.You notice that the regulation says that the examiners may recommend him for a pass in that subject.But, for my own part, I would have little belief in the tender mercies of a gentleman who could, without a murmur, make himself a party to such a scheme.Moreover, a foot-note to the regulation honestly hints that when the weather is hot and sultry, Burlington House is no place for rest and grateful shade.Here is the foot-note:-Candidates must bear in minid that the standard of attainmient for the honours examnination i.s muniich highier thau thiat for the pass examiniation ; anid they should, therefore, exercise due caution in making their choice.Of course they should be careful!Bat it is hardly necessary for the Senate to tell the student that it is much more difficult to attain to a pass standard in an honours paper than in a pass paper."Every schoolboy" actually does know that.To call an institution which could elaborate such refinement of unkindness, almn mater, is to misLpply two sweet words.Let us rather call her i,pustu wvorcra, for she is still the stony-hearted step- mother of our student days.And this, be it remembered, is the only institution through which London students can at present obtain a degree in medicine.
The transmembrane activator TACI triggers immunoglobulin class switching by activating B cells through the adaptor MyD88
Authors: Bing He, Raul Santamaria, Weifeng Xu, Montserrat Cols, Kang Chen, Irene Puga, Meimei Shan, Huabao Xiong, James B Bussel, April Chiu, Anne Puel, Jeanine Reichenbach, László Marodi, Rainer Döffinger, Julia Vasconcelos, Andrew Issekutz, Jens Krause, Graham Davies, Xiaoxia Li, Bodo Grimbacher, Alessandro Plebani, Eric Meffre, Capucine Picard, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Andrea Cerutti
Journal: Nature Immunology (2010)
Precystectomy Nomogram for Prediction of Advanced Bladder Cancer Stage
Authors: Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Ganesh S. Palapattu, Paul Perrotte, Yair Lotan, Craig G. Rogers, Gilad E. Amiel, Amnon Vazina, Amit Gupta, Patrick J. Bastian, Arthur I. Sagalowsky, Mark Schoenberg, Seth P. Lerner
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Ovarian neoplasia in the Sprague-Dawley rat.
Authors: D J Lewis
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of 210 spontaneous ovarian tumors from 7748 Sprague-Dawley rats are described. The tumors were classified as tubular adenoma, anaplastic adenocarcinoma, papillary cystadenoma, papillary cystadenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, sertoliform tubular adenoma, Sertoli's cell tumor, granulosa cell tumor, thecal cell tumor, polycystic sex cord/stromal tumor, and lipoid cell tumor. The histogenesis of the tumor types is discussed.
Dermatologic Complications With Body Art&lt;emph type="bold"&gt;:&lt;/emph&gt; Tattoos, Piercings, and Permanent Make-Up
Authors: Lawrence Charles Parish
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunosuppressive therapy for the prevention of restenosis after coronary artery stent implantation (IMPRESS study)
Authors: Francesco Versaci, Achille Gaspardone, Fabrizio Tomai, Flavio Ribichini, Paolo Russo, Igino Proietti, Anna Silvia Ghini, Valeria Ferrero, Luigi Chiariello, Pier Agostino Gioffrè, Francesco Romeo, Filippo Crea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Tampon Artifact In Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: DAVID B. TURTON, EUGENE D. SILVERMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 24-year-old female underwent a bone scan to evaluate a sclerotic lesion seen on plain radiography. A Tc-99m MDP bone scan revealed normal osseous distribution of tracer. Abnormal soft tissue uptake was seen in the pelvis in the region of the vagina. After discovering that her menses had just begun, she was asked to replace her tampon. Subsequent pelvic imaging results were normal. When alterations in pelvic images occur in menstruating patients, a tampon artifact should be considered.
Abstract 2808: Morphine modulates the paracrine interaction between breast tumor cells and macrophages.
Authors: Banafsheh Afshar Imani, JoAnne Baran, Peter J. Cabot, Marie-Odile Parat
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract While opioids are highly effective perioperative analgesics, there have been concerns about their effects on the growth and spread of tumor cells when used in cancer surgery patients. Using a mouse syngeneic model of breast cancer, we studied the effect of morphine on breast tumor dissemination to lungs. Intraperitoneal injection of morphine (10mg/kg) to BALB/c mice (n=8) every 12h for 3 consecutive days, caused a reduction in the number of tumor foci in lungs as measured 18 days after intravenous tumor inoculation. Morphine treatment also caused a reduction in circulating extracellular matrix (ECM)-degrading matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) measured by gelatin zymography. One of the major contributors to tumor cell invasiveness is the immune cells infiltrating the tumors, particularly macrophages. Therefore, we tested the effect of morphine on the production of gelatinases by murine breast cancer cells 4T1 and macrophages RAW264.7 alone or cultured together. The levels of MMP-9 as well as its endogenous inhibitor tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were shown to be elevated in the conditioned media of the co-cultures. Interestingly, we found out that although morphine treatment did not have any significant effect on the level of gelatinases produced by individual cells, in the co-cultures it caused a significant decrease in MMP-9 while increasing TIMP-1.We observed the same effect when breast cancer cells were incubated with the conditioned media of morphine-treated macrophages, indicating that cell-cell interaction was not required. Our in vitro data thus suggest that the anti-tumor effect of morphine observed in our animal studies is at least in part mediated through modulating the paracrine communication between tumour cells and tumor associated macrophages in their microenvironment rather than an effect on tumor cells alone. Randomized prospective clinical studies are required to determine how opioids, as a part of the perioperative pain management, could affect breast tumor recurrence and metastasis in patients. Citation Format: Banafsheh Afshar Imani, JoAnne Baran, Peter J. Cabot, Marie-Odile Parat. Morphine modulates the paracrine interaction between breast tumor cells and macrophages. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2808. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2808
STUDIES ON SPREADING FACTORS
Authors: Oscar Hechter, Ella L. Scully
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

The reaction between normal serum and hyaluronidase has been studied in vitro and under in vivo conditions in skin. Using in vitro conditions of incubation, serum exhibits antihyaluronidase activity as measured by assay of hyaluronidase spreading activity in skin. This confirms the work of others, who have previously described the serum inhibitory factor using other tests of hyaluronidase activity. When, however, hyaluronidase and setum are allowed to incubate in skin under in vivo conditions, no inhibitory influence of serum upon hyaluronidase spreading activity is evident. This latter finding has been taken to indicate that the environmental conditions in skin are unfavorable for the inhibitory reaction of serum upon hyaluronidase. The disparity between the in vivo and in vitro effectiveness of serum, and the significance of the serum factor as a defense mechanism against invasive processes, have been briefly discussed.
Obesity and Insulin Levels
Authors: George F. Cahill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Approximately 50,000,000 to 60,000,000 calories are ingested and oxidized by a person in his life-time — a value some 200 times the caloric supply that he carries about within his body. This is not too different from the average automobile, in which the gas tank is refilled approximately 200 to 300 times before ending in the junkyard. The analogy in question, however, is why some people drive about with a tank half-empty and others with three or four accessory tanks filled to the brim. Numerous physiologic explanations have been offered such as increased mileage per gallon (metabolically more efficient), inability . . .
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Head of a Woman&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Angela Grayson
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Creativity may come easily for many artists, but sometimes inspiration arrives in the form of a muse—John Lennon and Yoko Ono, Calvin Klein and Kate Moss, Woody Allen and his cast of thousands. Impressionist Henri Matisse (1869-1954) often found inspiration in his beautiful models.