tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1963: Endothelial Cell-Derived Microparticles Interact with Regenerating Cells and Transfer Biological Information
Authors: Nikos Werner, Nadine Heiermann, Hao Liu, Fritz Horlbeck, Georg Nickenig
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Apoptosis of endothelial cells (ECs) leads to the development of endothelial dysfunction, which itself is strongly associated with poor cardiovascular prognosis. EC apoptosis can be quantified using flow-cytometry-based enumeration of circulating EC-derived microparticles (EMP) within peripheral blood. Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) contribute to EC regeneration and are an important predictor for cardiovascular mortality. We postulate that EC apoptosis with concomitant release of EMP is an important signal for regenerating cells to initiate EC repair. EMP were generated from human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAEC). Proteomic analysis showed that the identified proteins represent cytoskeleton/cytoskeleton-binding proteins, proteins involved in intracellular transport/signalling, and protein folding. In addition, proteins related to apoptosis, proliferation, and migration were identified. HCAEC/EPC were able to incorporate EMP in an annexin I/ phosphatidylserine receptor-dependent way. Incubation of mononuclear cells with EMP lead to an enhanced conversion into early outgrowth EPC. EMP co-incubation also changed the phenotype of cultivated Langerhans-like dendritic cells into an immature phenotype. Co-cultivation of ECs and EPC with EMP prevented TNF-alpha induced cell apoptosis. Migration of EPC was enhanced in response to EMP. Finally, we measured EPC liberation from bone marrow into peripheral blood. Intravenous treatment of C57bl6 mice with EMP enhanced the number of sca-1/flk-1 positive EPC within peripheral blood compared to control. The number of CD31+/Annexin+ EMP and CD34 + /KDR + EPC was determined in 40 patients with coronary artery disease. The number of circulating EMP correlated with EPC function (p&lt;0.001, r=0.601). EMP and EPC seem to substantially interact in an annexin I/PSR dependent way. EMP influence EPC biology in vitro and induces EPC mobilization in vivo. We speculate that the described interaction of EMP with EPC enhance the homing process of EPC within the area of EC damage.
Second nonmelanoma skin cancer in Spain: frequency and chronology
Authors: J.J. Domínguez-Cruz, A. Nieto-García, J.J. Rios, D. Moreno-Ramirez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Second nonmelanoma skin cancer in Spain: frequency and chronology Get access J.J. Domínguez‐Cruz, J.J. Domínguez‐Cruz Research Unit Dermatology Unit Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Avda Dr Fedriani s/n 41009 Seville Spain Correspondence J.J. Domínguez‐Cruz. E‐mail: drdominguezcruz@yahoo.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Nieto‐García, A. Nieto‐García Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Medicine School University of Seville Seville Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.J. Rios, J.J. Rios Pathology Unit Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Seville Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Moreno‐Ramirez D. Moreno‐Ramirez Dermatology Unit Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena Seville Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 170, Issue 3, 1 March 2014, Pages 716–719, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12675 Published: 01 March 2014
Interleukin-3 in bronchial biopsies from nonasthmatics and patients with mild and allergen-induced asthma.
Authors: K L Woolley, E Adelroth, M J Woolley, I Ramis, J S Abrams, M Jordana, P M O'Byrne
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Cytokines, such as interleukin-3 (IL-3), have been suggested to play an important role in mediating the increased number of airway eosinophils and metachromatic cells in patients with even mild asthma. We used immunohistochemistry to determine the presence of IL-3 protein in bronchial biopsies from nonasthmatics (n = 10) and subjects with mild (n = 8) and allergen-induced (n = 7) asthma. We also examined whether IL-3 was related to airway eosinophil number and activation, the number of airway metachromatic cells, or airway function. We found that the number and activation of eosinophils and the number of metachromatic cells were increased in the airways of asthmatics, compared with nonasthmatics, with further increases evident after allergen challenge. IL-3 protein was localized primarily to the epithelium in nonasthmatic and asthmatic subjects, with no difference apparent between groups or after allergen inhalation challenge. The extent of staining for IL-3 in the tissue was not correlated with eosinophil number or activity, metachromatic cell number, airway responsiveness, or the severity of the late asthmatic response. This study provides the first demonstration of IL-3 protein localization in bronchial tissue from human airways. The results suggest that the increases in eosinophils and metachromatic cells associated with mild and allergen-induced asthma occur independent of IL-3.
Transcription Factor Tbx3 Is Required for the Specification of the Atrioventricular Conduction System
Authors: Martijn L. Bakker, Bastiaan J. Boukens, Mathilda T.M. Mommersteeg, Janynke F. Brons, Vincent Wakker, Antoon F.M. Moorman, Vincent M. Christoffels
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

The cardiac conduction system consists of distinctive heart muscle cells that initiate and propagate the electric impulse required for coordinated contraction. The conduction system expresses the transcriptional repressor Tbx3, which is required for vertebrate development and controls the formation of the sinus node. In humans, mutations in Tbx3 cause ulnar-mammary syndrome. Here, we investigated the role of Tbx3 in the molecular specification of the atrioventricular conduction system. Expression analysis revealed early delineation of the atrioventricular bundle and proximal bundle branches by Tbx3 expression in human, mouse, and chicken. Tbx3-deficient mice, which die between embryonic day 12.5 and 15.5, ectopically expressed genes for connexin (Cx)43, atrial natriuretic factor (Nppa), Tbx18, and Tbx20 in the atrioventricular bundle and proximal bundle branches. Cx40 was precociously upregulated in the atrioventricular bundle of Tbx3 mutants. Moreover, the atrioventricular bundle and branches failed to exit the cell cycle in Tbx3 mutant embryos. Finally, Tbx3-deficient embryos developed outflow tract malformations and ventricular septal defects. These data reveal that Tbx3 is required for the molecular specification of the atrioventricular bundle and bundle branches and for the development of the ventricular septum and outflow tract. Our data suggest a mechanism in which Tbx3 represses differentiation into ventricular working myocardium, thereby imposing the conduction system phenotype on cells within its expression domain.
Novel Anti-Allergic Vaccine Candidate From House Dust Mite Together with a Combination Adjuvant: Treatment or Prevention of Respiratory Allergy
Authors: Wendy Ramirez Gonzalez, Alexis Labrada, Arelis Más, Beatriz Tamargo, Virgilio Bourg, Oliver Pérez, Gustavo Sierra
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Diseases of the Newborn
Authors: Julian P. Price
Journal: JAMA (1960)

This book should be given a prominent place in the library of any physician who is entrusted with the care of the newborn infant. The author has presented a volume which should serve well in the dual capacity of textbook and reference source for the student and practitioner of pediatrics. In orderly fashion he presents the many conditions with which one deals in the neonatal period. Each clinical entity is discussed in detail in a readable and enjoyable style. The author presents over 200 case histories and an abundance of well-chosen illustrations. A short bibliography is found at the end of each discussion. Certain chapters, such as those on choanal atresia, renal vein thrombosis, and treponemal infections, stand out particularly well in showing the practicing physician the need for recognizing these serious but remediable conditions. The author uses the coinages "neonatologist" and "neonatology." It will be interesting to see if
The dependence of unloaded shortening velocity on Ca++, calmodulin, and duration of contraction in "chemically skinned" smooth muscle.
Authors: R J Paul, G Doerman, C Zeugner, J C Rüegg
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

Unloaded shortening velocity, a mechanical parameter associated with the rate of cross-bridge cycling, was investigated in chemically skinned guinea pig taenia coli and hog carotid artery. Shortening velocity was measured by the technique described by Edman, whereby large length steps are rapidly imposed on the muscle and the time under unloaded conditions is determined from the isometric myograms. Shortening velocity determined in this manner was similar to Vmax from the Hill force-velocity relations reported for both living and skinned taenia coli, and, in the case of carotid artery, was at least as large as that reported for living muscle. The behavior of shortening velocity was qualitatively similar for both preparations. Shortening velocity was strongly temperature dependent, with a Q10 of approximately 3.6. Shortening velocity was found to be dependent on both the Ca++ and calmodulin concentration. In contrast to the dependence of isometric force on Ca++-calmodulin, shortening velocity could be increased further by the addition of Ca++ and/or calmodulin under conditions when isometric force was maximized. Incubation with ATP-gamma S, which presumably maximizes the phosphorylation of myosin, did not increase shortening velocity beyond the maximum value obtained in the presence of Ca++-calmodulin alone. The development of shortening velocity after exposure to high Ca++ solution was found to precede that of isometric force. The steady state value tended to be slightly lower than the maximum shortening velocity, the largest difference observed being less than 1.5-fold. Thus, whereas both isometric force and shortening velocity are dependent on the Ca++-calmodulin concentration in skinned smooth muscle, the dependencies are not identical, differing with respect to temporal development and concentration. These differences may underlie the decline in velocity with maintained isometric force observed in living smooth muscle.
Influence of malnutrition on the prevalence of bacterial translocation and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in experimental cirrhosis in rats
Authors: F Casafont, E Sanchez, L Martin, J Aguero, F P Romero
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Bacterial translocation (BT) has been involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in experimental cirrhosis. Because malnutrition is a common feature in cirrhosis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition on BT and SBP. We induced cirrhosis in 44 Sprague-Dawley rats by administration of oral CCl 4 , and, afterward, 26 animals were maintained with dietary restriction. Cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), peripheral and portal blood, liver, and spleen were performed. SBP occurred in 48% of the rats with ascites, this being more frequent in the malnourished animals (80%) than in control rats (29%). BT appeared in all the rats with SBP (100%) but only in 57% without it. In the malnourished animals, the BT rate was 95%, while it was 30% in the control group. These results suggest that malnutrition increases the BT rate and the risk of developing SBP in experimental cirrhosis, and that BT is frequent in cirrhosis and may play a role in the development of SBP.
Firearm Injury Prevention
Authors: Christine K. Cassel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 August 1998Firearm Injury PreventionChristine K. Cassel, MDChristine K. Cassel, MDMount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-4-199808150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Several letters question the quality of the survey reported in our article. Readers should be aware that this survey was conducted by NORC (the National Opinion Research Center), an independent survey science center based at the University of Chicago. The NORC is one of the United States' leading survey research organizations; it has a national and international reputation for highly sophisticated and rigorous methods and is especially experienced in surveys involving physician respondents. Scientists at NORC constructed the survey to be statistically representative of the full geographic and demographic spread of the more than 160 000 members of ...References1. Kellermann AL, Westphal L, Fischer L, Harvard B. Weapon involvement in home invasion crimes. JAMA. 1995; 273:1759-62. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mount Sinai Medical Center; New York, NY 10029 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1998Volume 129, Issue 4Page: 336-337KeywordsEpidemiologyFirearm injuriesPrevention, policy, and public healthPublic policySafetyScientistsSuicideSurgeonsSurvey researchTraffic safety Issue Published: 15 August 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 3990: Methods for Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) biopsy sampling and “ex vivo” signal transduction analysis of murine xenografted human tumors
Authors: Martin F. Aguero, Emiko Jeffries, Adam Schayowitz, Douglas P. Clark
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) biopsy is a common procedure for sampling human tumors to enable diagnosis and, increasingly, molecular diagnostics on fixed samples. However, FNA is rarely used to sample murine xenografted human tumors. FNA sampling of xenografted tumors offers several advantages over surgical excision: 1) efficiency; 2) enables serial sampling of individual tumors over time; 3) provides live cells to perform “ex vivo” analysis of signal transduction pathways. Objectives: To define a protocol for FNA sampling of murine xenografted tumors using an HCT-116 human colon carcinoma model; to characterize the cellular and molecular composition of such samples and to present proof-of-concept studies for “ex vivo” analysis from FNA samples. Methods: FNA biopsies were performed on HCT-116 xenografts using a standardized protocol that will be defined. Samples were assessed by microscopic analysis of direct smears stained with the Diff-Quik or Papanicolaou stains. Tumor cell number was determined by hemocytometer count and cell viability by trypan blue exclusion. Samples were lysed and total protein and RNA were extracted and quantitated by spectrophotometry. RNA quality was determined by RIN calculation. “Ex vivo” stimulation was performed by treating tumor cells obtained from FNA with TPA and EGF and subsequently analyzing phosphoprotein levels relative to baseline using Western blots. Results: FNA sample: Cellular composition: 25 % tumor cells, 50% macrophages, 20% lymphocytes, and 5% degenerate cells (n=5). Tumor cell viability median: after 1 hour post-FNA: 42% (range 22-88%) n=15. Cell viability decreases by 50% after 2 h post-FNA, (n=5). Total Protein median/FNA: 555 ug/ml (range 36-4222 ug/FNA) n=33; Total RNA median 14.80 ug/FNA (range 3.24-26.37 ug) n=18; RIN number median/FNA: 8.40 (range 3.10-9.50) n=15. “Ex vivo” analysis of signal transduction: a 60%, transient increase in phospho-ERK was identified within the first 5 min. post-FNA procedure, which returned to baseline. No increase in p-AKT or p-JNK was noted during this time period. Following “ex vivo” EGF or PMA stimulation, FNA samples showed a 1-3 fold increase -respectively- in p-ERK relative to baseline. Conclusions: Murine xenografts can be efficiently sampled by FNA biopsy. Such samples yield sufficient high-quality biomolecules for molecular analysis. FNA samples also enable live cell analysis, such as “ex vivo” stimulation of signal transduction pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3990.
Health secretary asks commission to look into role of four NHS trusts in Baby P case
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Abatacept mimics natural CD152 and competes with CD28 for binding to CD80/CD86 on APC, such as B cells, thereby preventing T cell activation. However, its potential impact on B cells has not been identified. The aim of this study was to assess whether abatacept can potentiate the immunoregulatory properties of B cells in&nbsp;vitro and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). T and B cells from healthy controls were purified. The suppressor properties of B cells in the presence of abatacept or control IgG1 were evaluated based on the ability of these cells to inhibit the polyclonal expansion (anti-CD3/CD28 stimulation) of T cells or their differentiation into Th1 or Th17 cells. Similar analyses were also performed with cells from RA patients before and 3 mo after abatacept initiation. Abatacept significantly potentiated regulatory B cell regulatory functions by enhancing their ability to produce IL-10 and TGF-β, resulting in the increased generation of regulatory T cells and limited T cell proliferation and differentiation into Th1 and Th17 cells. Interestingly, B cells isolated from patients that received a 3-mo treatment with abatacept had an increased ability to reduce T cell functions, confirming the above observations. Abatacept binding to CD80/CD86 induces and promotes regulatory B cell functions by enhancing the ability of these cells to produce IL-10 and TGF-β in&nbsp;vitro and in RA patients.
Lentiviral Arrays for Live-cell Dynamic Monitoring of Gene and Pathway Activity During Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Roshan M Padmashali, Panagiotis Mistriotis, Mao-shih Liang, Stelios T Andreadis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Uncovering the complexity of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation requires novel methods to capture the dynamics of the process in a quantitative and high-throughput manner. To this end, we developed a lentiviral array (LVA) of reporters to capture the dynamics of gene and pathway activity during MSC differentiation into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages. Our results identified signature promoters and pathways with unique activation profile for each MSC lineage. In combination with chemical inhibitors, lineage-specific reporters predicted the effects of signaling pathway perturbations on MSC differentiation. Interestingly, some pathways were critical for differentiation into all lineages, while others had differential effects on each lineage. Our study suggests that when combined with large chemical or siRNA libraries, the reporter LVA can be used to uncover novel genes and signaling pathways affecting complex biological processes such as stem cell differentiation or reprogramming. Uncovering the complexity of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation requires novel methods to capture the dynamics of the process in a quantitative and high-throughput manner. To this end, we developed a lentiviral array (LVA) of reporters to capture the dynamics of gene and pathway activity during MSC differentiation into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages. Our results identified signature promoters and pathways with unique activation profile for each MSC lineage. In combination with chemical inhibitors, lineage-specific reporters predicted the effects of signaling pathway perturbations on MSC differentiation. Interestingly, some pathways were critical for differentiation into all lineages, while others had differential effects on each lineage. Our study suggests that when combined with large chemical or siRNA libraries, the reporter LVA can be used to uncover novel genes and signaling pathways affecting complex biological processes such as stem cell differentiation or reprogramming.
More funding for maternity services is needed if women are to get choice over place of birth
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following More funding for maternity services is needed if women are to get choice over place of birth Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Sexual Differences in Cancer Survival: Hormones or Stage at Diagnosis?
Authors: Albert B. Lowenfels
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Based on Swedish cancer data, Adami et al<sup>1</sup>suggest that female sexual hormones provide survival advantage in cancer patients. Their evidence is that female subjects fewer than 20 years past menarche with certain cancers have better survival rates than men of similar age. Although their hypothesis may be correct, it is not easily verified. There is a simpler hypothesis that could be tested. Stage of disease, currently the best predictor of survival, was not included in the analysis. If postpubertal males had more advanced disease at initial presentation than females, the results would be as observed in the current study. Because of close parental supervision of prepubertal children, time from onset of disease to intervention would be expected to be similar in both sexes. However, in the postpubertal period adult supervision diminishes, and teenage girls might respond to symptoms more rapidly than boys. This hypothesis also