tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Incidence Rate of IDDM in Sardinia
Authors: Sergio Muntoni, Marco Songini
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

OBJECTIVE To provide reliable data on the incidence of IDDM in Sardinia and contribute to a better understanding of its geographical variability throughout Europe. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS All newly diagnosed cases of IDDM with onset &amp;lt; 30 yr of age between 1 January 1989 and 31 December 1990 among residents in Sardinia were recorded. Primary ascertainment was based on notification by all Sardinian hospitals, outpatient clinics, family doctors, and pediatricians. The local IDDM patient association served as the secondary and independent source. RESULTS The completeness of ascertainment was 92.8%. The annual incidence rate of IDDM (per 100,000) over the 2-yr period was 30.7 in the 0–14–yr-old age-group and 24.1 in the entire 0–29–yr-old range, respectively, with no significant differences between the two groups. Male/female ratios were 1.25 and 1.55, respectively. No significant seasonal variation in incidence was observed. CONCLUSIONS Sardinia appears to have the second-highest IDDM incidence rate in Europe after Finland, and the island contradicts the generally accepted rule of a south-to-north incidence gradient.
Immune Thrombocytopenia Due to Antazoline (Antistina®)
Authors: J. Lanng Nielsen, R. Dahl, F. Kissmeyer‐Nielsen
Journal: Allergy (1981)

Antazoline (Antistina®)‐induced thrombocytopenic purpura occurring on three occasions in a 21‐year‐old woman is reported. After withdrawal of the drug she recovered promptly. In vitro investigation demonstrated the presence of an antibody in serum, which in association with antazoline caused complement fixation when added to test platelets. Also platelet agglutinins could be detected in the patient's serum when antazoline was added. The reactions were drug specific and they could still be demonstrated 9 months after the last exposure to the drug.
Patients wait longer in emergency units than five years ago
Authors: M. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Patients attending accident and emergency departments in England and Wales are waiting longer than they did five years ago, both to be admitted to hospital and to see a doctor once they get there. This is despite an annual 1% increase in the numbers of patients using emergency departments, which has been more than matched by a 10% rise in the number of accident and emergency doctors since 1998.

The findings, from an Audit Commission survey carried out in England …
The frequency of 4977 base pair deletion of mitochondrial DNA in various types of liver disease and in normal liver
Authors: Shu Fukushima, Kazuo Honda, Masaaki Awane, Eiji Yamamoto, Ryouji Takeda, Ichiro Kaneko, Akira Tanaka, Taisuke Morimoto, Koichi Tanaka, Yoshio Yamaoka
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, we tested for the hepatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletion in 40 hepatic tumors (28 hepatocellular carcinomas [HCCs], 9 other malignant tumors, and 3 benign tumors) and in the livers of 71 patients, including 16 pediatric patients with end-stage liver disease who underwent living related donor liver transplantation and 16 liver donors. A 4977 base pair (bp) deletion of mtDNA was detected in 36 of 55 specimens of non-tumor portions of adult liver (65.5%). However, none of the specimens obtained from cirrhotic livers of the 16 pediatric patients younger than 13 years of age had the 4977 bp deletion. The frequency of mtDNA deletion was significantly decreased compared with normal liver in HCCs (7 of 28) and other malignant liver tumors (2 of 9). The frequency of this deletion was unrelated to the presence of liver cirrhosis, patient's gender, hepatitis B virus surface antigen status, and hepatitis C virus antibody status.
GMC suspends former Alder Hey pathologist
Authors: M. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Professor Dick van Velzen, the pathologist at the centre of the Alder Hey inquiry into the retention of organs, has been suspended by the General Medical Council.

Using new disciplinary powers to impose an interim 18 month suspension, the council will now decide whether the charges of systematically, illegally, and unethically stripping the organs from the bodies of thousands of children warrant Professor van Velzen's permanent removal from the medical register. The suspension will be reviewed after six months.

Professor van Velzen, who was not present or represented at the GMC hearing, later told the BBC that he had never taken organs without permission. “If people forgot to tell parents what a postmortem is then …
Comparative pharmacokinetics of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate in rat plasma and extracellular fluid of brain after intranasal, intragastric and intravenous administration
Authors: Dongmei Meng, Haoyang Lu, Shanshan Huang, Minyan Wei, Pingtian Ding, Xianglin Xiao, Yuehong Xu, Chuanbin Wu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2014)

The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) in plasma and extracellular fluid of the cerebral cortex of rats via three delivery routes: intranasal (i.n.), intragastric (i.g.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration. After i.n., i.g. and i.v. administration of a single-dose at 10 mg/kg, cerebral cortex dialysates and plasma samples drawn from the carotid artery were collected at timed intervals. The concentration of TMPP in the samples was analyzed by HPLC. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and the ratio of the AUCbrain to the AUCplasma (drug targeting efficiency, DTE) was calculated to evaluate the brain targeting efficiency of the drug via these different routes of administration. After i.n. administration, TMPP was rapidly absorbed to reach its peak plasma concentration within 5 min and showed a delayed uptake into cerebral cortex (t max=15 min). The ratio of the AUCbrain dialysates value between i.n. route and i.v. injection was 0.68, which was greater than that obtained after i.g. administration (0.43). The systemic bioavailability obtained with i.n. administration was greater than that obtained by the i.g. route (86.33% vs. 50.39%), whereas the DTE of the nasal route was 78.89%, close to that of oral administration (85.69%). These results indicate that TMPP is rapidly absorbed from the nasal mucosa into the systemic circulation, and then crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the cerebral cortex. Intranasal administration of TMPP could be a promising alternative to intravenous and oral approaches.
Book: The Plague Race: A Tale of Fear, Science and Heroism
Authors: D. R Murdoch
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Edward Marriott Picador, £14.99, pp 316 ISBN 0 330 48318 8 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> To most people, the plague is synonymous with the most terrifying of epidemics, the Black Death that killed 25 million Europeans between the 14th and 17th centuries—the original pestilence. Even today, the plague is regarded as one of the most feared infectious diseases. The outbreak in Surat, India, in 1994 caused panic throughout the country and the flight of up to 600 000 of the city's residents. Many countries responded by stopping flights to and from India. The plague's reputation has … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
A Sensitive Cardiac Troponin T Assay in Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Torbjørn Omland, James A. de Lemos, Marc S. Sabatine, Costas A. Christophi, Madeline Murguia Rice, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Solve Tjora, Michael J. Domanski, Bernard J. Gersh, Jean L. Rouleau, Marc A. Pfeffer, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In most patients with stable coronary artery disease, plasma cardiac troponin T levels are below the limit of detection for the conventional assay. The distribution and determinants of very low circulating troponin T levels, as well as their association with cardiovascular events, in such patients are unknown.We used a new, high-sensitivity assay to determine the concentration of cardiac troponin T in plasma samples from 3679 patients with stable coronary artery disease and preserved left ventricular function. Results of the assay were analyzed in relation to the incidence of cardiovascular events during a median follow-up period of 5.2 years.With the highly sensitive assay, concentrations of cardiac troponin T were at or above the limit of detection (0.001 microg per liter) in 3593 patients (97.7%) and at or above the 99th percentile for apparently healthy subjects (0.0133 microg per liter) in 407 patients (11.1%). After adjustment for other independent prognostic indicators, there was a strong and graded increase in the cumulative incidence of cardiovascular death (adjusted hazard ratio per unit increase in the natural logarithm of the troponin T level, 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.60 to 2.74; P<0.001) and of heart failure (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.66 to 2.90; P<0.001) in this study group. Increased risk associated with higher levels of troponin T was evident well below the limit of detection of conventional cardiac troponin T assays and below the 99th percentile of values in a healthy population. There was no association between troponin T levels as measured with the highly sensitive assay and the incidence of myocardial infarction (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.40; P=0.11).After adjustment for other independent prognostic indicators, cardiac troponin T concentrations as measured with a highly sensitive assay were significantly associated with the incidence of cardiovascular death and heart failure but not with myocardial infarction in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
Alcoholism or Acetaldehydism?
Authors: Neil H. Raskin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Prolonged, excessive use of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is associated with alterations in structure and function of a number of organs. These disorders have given rise to controversy over the relative importance of a direct toxic action of alcohol and the effects of the nutritional deficiencies that are often associated with chronic alcoholism. Recent evidence suggests that disorders of the liver,1 heart,2 and bone marrow,3 although aggravated and accelerated by nutritional deficiencies, are probably caused by cytotoxic actions of alcohol. The biochemical basis of this cytotoxicity is uncertain. Elsewhere in this issue, Korsten and his colleagues suggest that acetaldehyde, a metabolite . . .
Choice of Specialty: It's Money That Matters in the USA
Authors: David J. Shulkin
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Much has been written about the selection of a specialty by medical students. Projected deficits of primary-care physicians and the surplus of several types of subspecialists have focused increased attention on this process. Studies 1,2 of specialty selection have suggested that financial rewards have little influence on this choice. I obtained data for numbers of applications and numbers of matched positions in specialties with more than 100 positions in the 1988 National Resident Matching Program. The ratio of these numbers was graphed against average physician income in specialties where this information was available, using data from the Medical Economics Earnings Survey as of September 5, 1988. The results show a correlation between specialty income and the number of applications per available position (Fig 1) and the percent of available positions filled in the match (Fig 2).  Although specialty selection is no doubt a multifaceted process, monetary reimbursement
Frozen Blood
Authors: Charles E. Huggins
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The preservation of blood by freezing is an urgent national problem. The current three-week limit for storage of blood at + 4 C does not permit statistical equilibration of supply and demand and causes alternating periods of surplus and shortage in blood banks throughout the country. In no event can blood be stockpiled conveniently for civilian emergencies, or mass casualty situations. Polge, Smith, and Parkes<sup>1</sup>found a solution to many of the problems faced by living cells at low temperatures when they discovered the remarkable ability of glycerol to protect fowl spermatozoa against death during slow freezing and thawing. Smith<sup>2</sup>later reported that glycerol afforded similar protection to human erythrocytes. Many techniques have since been developed to freeze blood in the presence of glycerol and satisfactory preservation of erythrocytes has resulted. Haynes et al at the US Naval Hospital, Chelsea, Mass, have demonstrated a number of clinical advantages of
Risks and Benefits of Fish Intake—Reply
Authors: Dariush Mozaffarian, Eric Rimm
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DOES PRIOR CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING SURGERY IMPACT OUTCOME IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT?
Authors: Sa'ar Minha, Marco Magalhaes Pereira, Itsik Ben-Dor, Petros Okubagzi, Ricardo Escarcega Alarcon, Nevin Baker, Fang Chen, Rebecca Torguson, Lakshmana Pendyala, Joshua Loh, Hideaki Ota, Omar Al Fazir, William Suddath, Lowell Satler, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
PAROXYSMAL AURICULAR TACHYCARDIA APPARENTLY RESULTING FROM COMBINED THYROID-IMIPRAMINE TREATMENT
Authors: ARTHUR J. PRANGE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

Auricular tachycardia occurred during combined thyroid-imipramine therapy. Animal studies suggest that the toxicity of both imipramine and MAO inhibitors may be increased in states of hyperthyroidlism. The mechanisms involved are under study.
Serum ferritin is associated with markers of insulin resistance in Japanese men but not in women
Authors: Ngoc Minh Pham, Akiko Nanri, Siyan Yi, Kayo Kurotani, Shamima Akter, Leng Huat Foo, Nobuo Nishi, Masao Sato, Hitomi Hayabuchi, Tetsuya Mizoue
Journal: Metabolism (2012)
A vasopressin receptor antagonist (VPA-985) improves serum sodium concentration in patients with hyponatremia: A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Florence Wong, Andres T. Blei, Laurence M. Blendis, Paul J. Thuluvath
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hyponatremia in advanced cirrhosis and ascites or congestive heart failure (CHF) is the result of an inappropriate increase in vasopressin secretion, which acts through activation of specific V 2 receptors in the distal renal nephron to increase water reabsorption. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of 3 different doses of the V 2 receptor antagonist, VPA-985, in correcting hyponatremia over a 7-day inpatient study period. Forty-four hospitalized patients (33 patients with cirrhosis, 6 with CHF, and 5 with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) were studied on a constant sodium intake, with VPA doses of 25, 125, and 250 mg twice daily or placebo. Serum sodium measurements were repeated after every daily dose, and the next dose withheld for excessive serum sodium rises. Fluid intake was adjusted according to previous 24-hour urinary outputs. Adverse events were based on clinical signs of dehydration or encephalopathy. VPA-985 produced a significant overall aquaretic response compared with placebo, with significant dose related increases in free water clearance ( P &lt; .05) and serum sodium ( P &lt; .05), without significant changes in orthostatic blood pressure or serum creatinine levels. Five patients (50%) on 250 mg twice daily had to have medication withheld on multiple occasions. End-of-study plasma vasopressin levels increased significantly in the 2 larger dose groups. In conclusion, VPA-985 appears effective and safe in appropriate doses in correcting abnormal renal water handling and hyponatremia in conditions associated with water retention. Higher doses of VPA-985 may produce significant dehydration and will require close monitoring with their use.
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Heart Producing Right Ventricular Outflow Obstruction
Authors: Franz J. Hallermann
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Primary tumor of the right ventricular outflow tract was diagnosed in an unusual case by means of selective angiocradiography. This is the twelfth recorded case of primary malignant tumor in the region of the right ventricular outflow tract obstructing right ventricular outflow, and it is the first to be diagnosed by angiocardiographic means during the patient's life. There is a close correlation between the angiographic and necropsy findings.
Bulimia and Gastric Cancer
Authors: EDWARD S. WALKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1985Bulimia and Gastric CancerEDWARD S. WALKER, M.D.EDWARD S. WALKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-2-305_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I write to report a case that calls attention to the possibility of an increased risk of cancer in persons with longstanding bulimia.A 61-year-old white woman with anorexia and bulimia presented to me with the unusual complaint of "difficulty vomiting." She weighed less than 36.3 kg and reported daily self-induced vomiting since age 17. An upper gastrointestinal series showed a mass in the lower esophagus that endoscopy with biopsy showed to be adenocarcinoma. This less common form of esophageal cancer could have arisen from a Barrett's esophagus in which malignantly predisposed columnar epithelium is induced by...References1. NAEFSAVARYOZZELLO AML. Columnar-lined lower esophagus: an acquired lesion with malignant predisposition. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1975;70:826-35. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HARRIS R. Bulimarexia and related serious eating disorders with medical complications. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:800-7. LinkGoogle Scholar3. RUSSELL G. Bulimia nervosa: an ominous varient of anorexia nervosa. Psychol Med. 1979;9:429-48. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WYNNMARTIN DM. A physical sign of bulmia [Letter]. Mayo Clin Proc. 1984;59:722. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RIGOTTINUSSBAUMHERZOGNEER NSDR. Osteoporosis in women with anorexia nervosa. N Engl. J Med. 1984;311:1601-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center New York, NY 10011 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEating disorders and the risk of developing cancer: a systematic reviewMedical complications of bulimia nervosa and their treatmentsRisk of oesophageal cancer among patients previously hospitalised with eating disorderGastroesophageal reflux disease and bulimia nervosa - a review of the literatureEsophageal cancer in a young woman with bulimia nervosa: a case reportAn unusual cause of dizziness in bulimia nervosa: A case report 1 August 1985Volume 103, Issue 2Page: 305-305KeywordsAdenocarcinomaBarrett's esophagusBiopsyEndoscopyEpitheliumEsophageal cancerEsophagusGastric cancerRisk managementVomiting Issue Published: 1 August 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Bundle-Branch Block Morphology and Other Predictors of Outcome After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Medicare Patients
Authors: Kenneth C. Bilchick, Sandeep Kamath, John P. DiMarco, George J. Stukenborg
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Clinical trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) have enrolled a select group of patients, with few patients in subgroups such as right bundle-branch block (RBBB). Analysis of population-based outcomes provides a method to identify real-world predictors of CRT outcomes. Methods and Results— Medicare Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Registry (2005 to 2006) data were merged with patient outcomes data. Cox proportional-hazards models assessed death and death/heart failure hospitalization outcomes in patients with CRT and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (CRT-D). The 14 946 registry patients with CRT-D (median follow-up, 40 months) had 1-year, 3-year, and overall mortality rates of 12%, 32%, and 37%, respectively. New York Heart Association class IV heart failure status (1-year hazard ratio [HR], 2.23; 3-year HR, 1.98; P &lt;0.001) and age ≥80 years (1-year HR, 1.74; 3-year HR, 1.75; P &lt;0.001) were associated with increased mortality both early and late after CRT-D. RBBB (1-year HR, 1.44; 3-year HR, 1.37; P &lt;0.001) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (1-year HR, 1.39; 3-year HR, 1.44; P &lt;0.001) were the next strongest adjusted predictors of both early and late mortality. RBBB and ischemic cardiomyopathy together had twice the adjusted hazard for death (HR, 1.99; P &lt;0.001) as left BBB and nonischemic cardiomyopathy. QRS duration of at least 150 ms predicted more favorable outcomes in left BBB but had no impact in RBBB. A secondary analysis showed lower hazards for CRT-D compared with standard implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in left BBB compared with RBBB. Conclusions— In Medicare patients, RBBB, ischemic cardiomyopathy, New York Heart Association class IV status, and advanced age were powerful adjusted predictors of poor outcome after CRT-D. Real-world mortality rates 3 to 4 years after CRT-D appear higher than previously recognized.