tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calcium Signaling in Endothelial Cells Involves Activation of Tyrosine Kinases and Leads to Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
Authors: Ingrid Fleming, Beate Fisslthaler, Rudi Busse
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract The activation of endothelial cells following exposure to a variety of receptor-dependent and -independent stimuli is associated with the release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores as well as the influx of Ca 2+ from the extracellular space. In the present study, we investigated the interaction between Ca 2+ signaling in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and tyrosine phosphorylation. Stimulation of endothelial cells with either bradykinin (100 nmol/L), histamine (1 μmol/L), or the Ca 2+ -ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (30 nmol/L) resulted in a slightly delayed but prolonged tyrosine phosphorylation of two low molecular weight proteins (≈42 and ≈44 kD). These proteins were identified by immunoprecipitation as the 42- and 44-kD isoforms of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase). The agonist-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the 42-/44-kD doublet was sensitive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein (100 μmol/L) and piceatannol (10 μmol/L) and was inhibited by the removal of Ca 2+ from the extracellular medium. In fura 2–loaded endothelial cells, inhibition of tyrosine kinases attenuated Ca 2+ signaling after stimulation with either bradykinin (30 nmol/L) or thapsigargin (30 nmol/L). Since inhibition of tyrosine kinases specifically attenuates the plateau phase of the Ca 2+ response after stimulation, the effect of tyrosine kinase inhibition appeared to be mostly associated with the influx of Ca 2+ from the extracellular space. These data demonstrate that the signal transduction cascade initiated by receptor-dependent and -independent stimulation of endothelial cells includes the following: a tyrosine kinase inhibitor–sensitive transmembranous influx of Ca 2+ and the tyrosine phosphorylation of two cytosolic protein substrates identified as MAP kinases. Furthermore, on one hand, an increase in [Ca 2+ ] i was essential for tyrosine phosphorylation; on the other, the Ca 2+ influx was modulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. This finding documents the mutual dependence of these two crucial signaling pathways in endothelial cells.
Leiomyosarcoma of The Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Harold M. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Sarcomas originating in the pulmonary vasculature are rare, and 16 have been reported to date. None of these tumors was correctly diagnosed ante mortem or prior to thoracotomy. We wish to present an additional case because its almost perfect mimicry of a chronic embolus led to surgery. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 53-year-old white woman was first seen at an outside hospital in December 1963 with a one-year history of gradually increasing exertional dyspnea. Although a nonsmoker, she had had a productive cough for 15 years. Three days prior to being seen, markedly increased dyspnea, fever, and right sided pleuritic pain developed. A chest x-ray film revealed an infiltrate in the lower lobe of the right lung. With antibiotic therapy, she gradually improved, though x-ray film changes were slow to resolve. During the next seven months, the dyspnea progressed, and subsequent chest x-ray films revealed a small
Smoking is a risk factor for coronary spasm in young women.
Authors: D G Caralis, U Deligonul, M J Kern, J D Cohen
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Risk factors for pure coronary spasm are not known. Clinical observations have pointed to cigarette smoking, a known risk factor for obstructive coronary artery disease.We conducted a case-neighborhood control study of premenopausal women, a population segment with the lowest prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease. The cases were 21 premenopausal women (age range, 36-41 years) with angiographically proven coronary spasm. All coronary arteriograms were analyzed by two independent experienced cardiologists on two occasions. There were no differences between analyses; all cases had normal baseline coronary angiogram except for two, who had less than 20% coronary luminal stenosis in segments other than the site of the focal vasospasm. All cases had normal hemodynamics at rest, normal left ventricular function, and were in sinus rhythm. Ascertainment of the cases was done by angiographic demonstration of focal coronary spasm spontaneously or by ergonovine provocation. Six cases developed spontaneous coronary spasm before catheter engagement, and in 15, coronary spasm was induced by ergonovine provocation. Each case was asked to name as many as possible female neighborhood acquaintances of similar age and racial background who were willing to answer the same standardized questionnaire. The same standardized questionnaire was completed for each case and each control (n = 63). The standardized questionnaire was designed to obtain information on health characteristics, habits, socioeconomic status, and education. Only cigarette smoking was significantly more prevalent among coronary spasm cases. Cigarette smokers were 13 cases (62%) and 11 controls (17.5%) (p less than 0.001). The odds ratio was 7.7, with a 95% confidence interval of 2.6-23.1.These findings suggest that there is a very strong association between cigarette smoking and pure coronary spasm in young women.
P120 The Use of Image Guided Cutting Needle Biopsy in Failed Thoracoscopy: Diagnostic Yield and Correlation with CT Results
Authors: H Rostom, N Hassan, M Nagendran, E Brown, D Srikantharajah, M Maruthappu, A Manuel, NM Rahman
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Local anaesthetic thoracoscopy has a high diagnostic yield in undiagnosed pleural effusion, but cannot be performed in cases with heavily loculated pleural fluid or where lung is adherent to the chest wall. On table, ultrasound-guided trans-thoracic cutting needle biopsy provides a potential route to obtain tissue for histological analysis in such cases. There is currently a paucity of data addressing the diagnostic yield of this procedure when conducted by chest physicians in response to a failed thoracoscopic procedure. The present study was conducted to determine whether this method is able to obtain pleural tissue in cases of failed thoracoscopy, and whether the results correlated with the computed tomography (CT) scan results obtained before attempted thoracoscopy. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective review of cases of unsuccessful thoracoscopy, which were converted to real-time ultrasound-guided cutting needle biopsy in the Pleural Unit between January 2010 and April 2012. The available histological results were assessed for the yield of pleural tissue, of definitive pleural diagnosis and compared to the pre-thoracoscopy CT scan results. <h3>Results</h3> Of 147 attempted thoracoscopies, 11 (7.5%) were not successful and were converted on table (using the same anaesthetised tract used to attempt to introduce the thoracoscope ports) to real-time image-guided trans-thoracic cutting needle biopsy. Of these, 1/11 (9.1%) demonstrated pleural malignancy on histology (despite negative cytology), while in 8/11 (72.7%) of cases, a benign pleural diagnosis was made. Pre-procedure CT scans were performed on 8 of the 9 patients for which a histological diagnosis was made, and were reported as likely malignant effusion in 4 (50%) cases. 2/11 (18.2%) biopsies failed to obtain sufficient tissue for histological diagnosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Around 7.5% of attempted thoracoscopies are unsuccessful, and in these cases, real-time ultrasound guided cutting needle pleural biopsy obtains pleural tissue successfully in a high proportion. This approach offers the advantage of obtaining pleural tissue in a single procedure where thoracoscopy has failed. The true sensitivity and specificity of this technique now requires further assessment, including comparison to long term outcomes of patients with benign pleural histology obtained using this technique.
P202Interrelationship between circulating osteoprotegerin and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type two diabetes mellitus
Authors: A Berezin, A Kremzer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of tumor necrosis factor superfamily, belonging to the class of inhibitors of osteoclastogenesis. An association between the concentration of OPG, the risk of stroke, ischemic heart disease, stable angina, as well as the severity of coronary atherosclerosis, as measured by the total value of the latter and the severity of coronary calcification was found. OPG is likely to have an acceptable predictive value with respect to the onset of death in long-term observation of patients with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, ischemic stroke, hypertension, and in patients with chronic renal failure. Purpose: to evaluate the interrelation between circulating OPG and coronary vasculature damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with known coronary artery disease. Methods: 126 subjects with stable diabetes mellitus 2 type with previously angiographic documented CAD were enrolled to the study. All patients were graduated into two groups depended calculating very high risk cardiovascular events and other. Assessment of risk was performed with contrast multispiral CT- angiography. Patients with Agatston' coronary calcium score (CCS) ≥ 320 units were stratified as high risk (n = 72) and all other patients as low risk patients (n = 54). OPG plasma levels were measured with ELISA. Results: Analysis of the results showed that in a cohort of patients examined the mediana of circulating OPG was 3849.51 pg/mL (95% CI = 3282.23-4413.79 pg/mL). Circulating OPG level in high risk subjects was significantly higher when compared with low risk patients (5295.86 pg/mL [95% confidence interval (CI) = 4856.90-5734.82 pg/mL] and 2230.85 pg/mL; 95% CI = 1860.57-2801.13 pg/mL; P<0.001). We suggested that patients in the highest quartile had a significantly higher risk of vascular atherosclerosis damage compared with those in the first quartile (OR=5.16; 95% CI=1.15-9.68; P=0.001). The findings suggest that the predictive power of the model for high-risk patients, the estimated largest AUC (area under curve), somewhat higher than for patients with relatively low risk (AUC = 0,685 and AUC = 0,670, respectively). In this case, the split point for the concentration of OPG, have the best prognostic potential on the risk of coronary atherosclerosis, were for both groups of patients, 4551.3 pg / ml and 3229.8 pg / ml, respectively. Conclusion: It was found that elevated OPG in plasma can be considered as independent predictor of severity of coronary vasculature damage in type 2 diabetic patients.
Familial myelodysplastic syndrome with early age of onset
Authors: Tinni Kumar, Suzan G. Mandla, Wenda L. Greer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

A family is described in which three members, the propositus, his brother, and son, developed a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) at the ages of 52, 35, and 25, respectively. A fourth member, the paternal uncle of the propositus, was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Two of the three affected individuals had megaloblastoid marrows with recognizable bone marrow cytogenetic abnormalities and progressive, nonleukemic bone marrow failure. The propositus was unresponsive to G-CSF and eventually died of sepsis. The second affected family member died of bone marrow transplant complications. The third affected family member underwent bone marrow transplantation and is showing signs of graft survival despite minor complications. The affected members of this pedigree appear to represent a continuum in severity of disease and, therefore, pathogenesis. The pattern of inheritance and clinical progression of the disease suggest a genetic defect which may predispose individuals to the development of MDS. Am. J. Hematol. 64:53–58, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Platelet Function in Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: LAWRENCE A. VIRGILIO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 March 1975Platelet Function in Lupus ErythematosusLAWRENCE A. VIRGILIO, M.D.LAWRENCE A. VIRGILIO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-3-428 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The elegant report of Regan, Lackner, and Karpatkin (Ann Intern Med 81:462-468, 1974) of qualitative platelet defects in patients with lupus erythematosus is most interesting.Despite the normal bleeding times of these patients, one wonders about the platelet adhesiveness. Several reports have described acquired vonWillebrand's disease in patients with lupus erythematosus and decreased platelet adhesion (1, 2).I wish to ask Drs. Reagen, Lackner, and Karpatkin to comment on the platelet adhesion studies in their cases. I am certain that they will agree with me that platelet function defects should be studied with regard to platelet adhesion as...References1. SIMONE J, CORONET J, and ABILDGAARD G: Acquired vonWillebrand's syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus. Blood 31:806-812, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. INGRAM G, KINGSTON P, and LESLIE J: Four cases of acquired vonWillebrand's syndrome. Br J Haematol 21:189-199, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LAWRENCE A. VIRGILIO, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Clinical Pathology Upstate Medical Center Syracuse, New York 13210 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1975Volume 82, Issue 3Page: 428-428KeywordsHemorrhageLupus erythematosusPlatelets ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Intravenous immunoglobulins contain naturally occurring antibodies that mimic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and activate neutrophils in a TNFα-dependent and Fc-receptor–independent way
Authors: Sven Jarius, Peter Eichhorn, Michael H. Albert, Stefan Wagenpfeil, Manfred Wick, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Reinhard Hohlfeld, Dieter E. Jenne, Raymond Voltz
Journal: Blood (2007)
Allergens of <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and <i>Candida boidinii</i> Share IgE-binding Epitopes
Authors: STEFANIE HEMMANN, KURT BLASER, RETO CRAMERI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

From an Aspergillus fumigatus complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) library displayed on phage surface, an allergen formally termed rAsp f 3 was cloned. The open-reading frame of the cloned gene for the allergen encodes a protein of 168 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 18.5 kD, showing 36% identity and 58% similarity to two peroxisomal membrane proteins of Candida boidinii. Recombinant Asp f 3 was expressed as a [His]6-tagged fusion protein in Escherichia coli at yields of 30 mg/L, and was purified by Ni2 +-chelate chromatography. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serum IgE antibody reactivity to rAsp f 3 could be detected in 72% of 89 individuals sensitized to A. fumigatus, demonstrating that the protein represents a major allergen of the mold. IgE specific to rAsp f 3 and the two recombinant Candida proteins was further demonstrated by IgE-immunoblot analysis. IgE binding to rAsp f 3 could be inhibited in the ELISA by adding either of the recombinant Candida peroxisomal proteins to sera containing IgE directed against Asp f 3. Taken together, these observations prove that the Asperigillus allergen and the two Candida proteins share IgE-binding epitopes.
Parvovirus Infection
Authors: Richard J. Whitley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The article by Plummer and colleagues in this issue of the Journal draws attention to the role of parvovirus infection in human disease.1 Although parvovirus infections of animals have been recognized for some time, only within the past decade has an association with human disease been clearly demonstrated. The first link in the chain of evidence was a chance discovery. In the mid-1970s, while new tests to detect hepatitis B surface antigen were being evaluated, several units of blood demonstrated "reactivity" by counterimmunoelectrophoresis but were subsequently negative for this antigen by more sensitive assays.2 A detailed electron microscopical evaluation was . . .
Targeting levels or oligomerization of nucleophosmin 1 induces differentiation and loss of survival of human AML cells with mutant NPM1
Authors: Ramesh Balusu, Warren Fiskus, Rekha Rao, Daniel G. Chong, Srilatha Nalluri, Uma Mudunuru, Hongwei Ma, Lei Chen, Sreedhar Venkannagari, Kyungsoo Ha, Sunil Abhyankar, Casey Williams, Joseph McGuirk, Hanna Jean Khoury, Celalettin Ustun, Kapil N. Bhalla
Journal: Blood (2011)
American Oncologists’ Views of Internet Use by Cancer Patients: A Mail Survey of American Society of Clinical Oncology Members
Authors: Paul R. Helft, Fay Hlubocky, Christopher K. Daugherty
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Americans are turning more and more frequently to the Internet to obtain health information. The specific effects on patients, doctors, and the clinical encounter are not well known.A brief mail survey was sent to a systematic sample of 5% of medical oncologists and hematologist/oncologists listed in the membership directory of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.Response rate to this mail survey was 46.2%. Oncologists' median estimate of the proportion of their patients using the Internet to obtain cancer information was 30%. Subjects responded that, on average, 10 minutes were added to each patient encounter in which Internet information was discussed. Responding oncologists reported that use of the Internet had the ability to simultaneously make patients more hopeful, confused, anxious, and knowledgeable. Forty-four percent of responding oncologists reported that they sometimes or rarely had difficulty discussing Internet information, and only 9% of subjects reported that they sometimes or always felt threatened when patients brought Internet information to discuss. In narrative responses, oncologists reported both positive and negative effects of Internet use by patients.In this brief mail survey to a systematic sample of American oncologists in academic and community practice, respondents reported that a significant proportion of their patients use the Internet to obtain cancer information. Oncologists viewed Internet information as having both positive and negative effects on the clinical encounter. Further research is needed on the effects of patients' use of the Internet to obtain cancer information involving both patients and oncologists.
Treatment of vitiligo with O.1% betamethasone 17-valerate in isopropyl alcohol—a double-blind trial
Authors: EZZAT KANDIL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Nineteen patients with symmetrically distributed patches of vitiligo took part in a double‐blind trial comparing 0·1% betamethasone valerate in 50% isopropyl alcohol with the unmedicated base. Fifteen patients responded to the medicated application, none to the base alone. Two patients failed to respond and two patients defaulted from the trial.
The Next Patient
Authors: David L. Freeman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

On Being a Doctor15 June 1993The Next PatientDavid L. Freeman, MDDavid L. Freeman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-12-199306150-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail An internist describes a routine office visit of a patient with intractable constipation. After reiterating his usual advice, the physician unwittingly discovers in his patient an undercurrent of sorrow. For a fleeting moment, they make an emotional connection, but then return to their previous roles.Turning next to the uppermost patient record in the pile on my desk, I saw with dismay the name Thomas O'Connor on the label. I had referred Mr. O'Connor 6 months ago to the gastroenterologist, Dr. James Chang, because everything I had prescribed had failed. Here he was again, back to me for a physical. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David L. Freeman, MDCorresponding Author: David L. Freeman, MD, 98 Sumner Street, Newton Center, MA 02159. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1993Volume 118, Issue 12Page: 978KeywordsConstipationDietEatingEmotionsExerciseGastroenterology and hepatologyLower back painMemoryMyocardial infarctionStomach ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 June 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Selective loss of beta 2-microglobulin mRNA in human colon carcinoma.
Authors: F Momburg, S Koch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Expression of MHC class I antigens requires the intracellular assembly of HLA-A,B,C H chains and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). We have investigated the expression of free H chain, beta 2m, and their mRNAs in tissue sections of colon carcinomas that were defective for the native two-chain molecule. In all of these tumors, beta 2m protein and mRNA were found to be completely absent from the neoplastic cells, whereas free H chains and their respective mRNAs were present in abundance in the tumor cell cytoplasm. The selective abrogation of beta 2m expression represents a unique mechanism leading to a complete loss of class I antigen surface expression in vivo.
Urinary Methylmalonic Acid to Detect Vitamin B12 Deficiency-Reply
Authors: Charles B. Upshaw
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I thank Dr Norman for his thoughtful note and suggestion to use urine analysis of MMA by gas chromatography mass spectrometry as an appropriate means for early detection of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>deficiency in patients. This test is a 24-hour collection of urine which is refrigerated and from which a 25-mL aliquot of urine is withdrawn and frozen for shipment to a laboratory for analysis. The cost of the test in Atlanta, Ga, at the Piedmont Hospital Laboratory is $182; at the SmithKline Beecham Laboratory, the cost is $139. Both laboratories said that specimens are "sent out" to be analyzed for this test. This cost is considerably more than the $50 quoted by Norman. I do not know the reason for the differences in cost, and I do not know the cost of the serum analysis.