tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transluminal, subselective measurement of coronary artery blood flow velocity and vasodilator reserve in man.
Authors: R F Wilson, D E Laughlin, P H Ackell, W M Chilian, M D Holida, C J Hartley, M L Armstrong, M L Marcus, C W White
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Assessment of coronary blood flow and the vasodilator reserve capacity of individual coronary arteries in the catheterization laboratory has been hampered by methodologic limitations. We have developed and validated a small Doppler catheter that can subselectively measure phasic coronary blood flow velocity (CBFV). In seven anesthetized calves, CBFV was varied from 0.1 to 5.7 times control CBFV. Changes in mean CBFV measured intraluminally by catheter in the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries were similar to those measured simultaneously with an epicardial Doppler probe on the surface of the same vessel (n = 85, r = .95, slope = 1.04) and to changes in coronary sinus flow (n = 69, r = .97, slope = 1.06) measured with timed venous collections. Identical maximal coronary reactive hyperemic responses with the catheter present and absent in the artery being studied demonstrated that coronary obstruction by the catheter was minimal. Safety studies in six additional calves demonstrated that the catheter caused small changes in coronary endothelial permeability. Histologic studies revealed no endothelial denudation or thrombus formation. Stable phasic recordings of coronary blood flow velocity have been obtained in 58 of 70 patients studied. One of the 70 patients studied had abrupt coronary occlusion probably related to catheter-induced vasospasm. In 10 normal patients, intracoronary meglumine diatrizoate increased CBFV to 3.5 times that at rest (range 2.8 to 5.0). CBFV rose 5.0-fold after an intravenous infusion of dipyridamole (range 3.8 to 7.0). In each patient, dipyridamole produced greater vasodilation than meglumine diatrizoate. The time- and dose-response characteristics to dipyridamole infusion were heterogeneous, underscoring the advantage of continuous on-line measurement of CBFV in the measurement of vasodilator reserve. This method of measuring CBFV and assessing vasodilator reserve in the catheterization laboratory should facilitate studies of the coronary circulation in man.
Phenothiazines and Diabetes in Hospitalized Women
Authors: ERNST THONNARD-NEUMANN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

Between 1955 and 1966 the prevalence of diabetes among hospitalized psychotic women patients rose from 4.2 to 17.2 percent. The increase followed the introduction of chlorpromazine therapy in 1954. About every fourth patient who had been treated for one year or longer with more than 100 mg. daily of chlorpromazine or corresponding doses of another psychoactive pheno thiazine developed hyperglycemia and glycosuria. The disturbance resembled adult-onset diabetes, but there were fewer complications. In 25 percent of the patients remissions occurred either after withdrawal of the drug or reduction in dosage. Obese patients over 50 years old and those with a family history of diabetes were more often affected. Patients with paranoid schizophrenic reaction developed diabetes after phenothiazine therapy relatively more frequently than did those with other forms of schizophrenic reactions or with nonschizophrenic psychiatric diagnoses.
Sulphinpyrazone and prevention of death after myocardial infarction.
Authors: K G Green
Journal: BMJ (1978)

III 65 Carcinoma ovary 5 59 stage III 45 Carcinoma ovary 6 16 stage IV 61 Carcinoma ovary 7 76 stage IV 92 Carcinoma ovary 8 62 stage IV 59 Carcinoma endometrium 9 65 stage I 34 Carcinoma endometrium 10 64 stage I 39 Carcinoma 11 57 cervix stage I 25 Carcinoma cervix 12 60 stage IV 94 Mixed Mullerian tumour 13 69 stage IV 94Blood PGF25 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay2 in 13 untreated patients with gynaecological cancer presenting to this centre.The results are shown in the table and indicate a uniform elevation above the range (9-24 ng/l) established in our laboratory for normal adult women.A positive correlation with the stage of the disease is also apparent.In common with other forms of malignant disease tumours of the female genital tract are associated with raised blood levels of PGF2ac.The mechanism of this association is unclear but most likely reflects abnormal PG production by neoplastic cells.One practical implication of this finding is the possibility that hypercalcaemia and osteolysis occurring in advanced malignancy3 may be caused by the osteolytic effect of PGF2a and need not be due to bone secondaries.
Photodynamic Diagnosis of Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer with Hexaminolevulinate Cystoscopy: A Meta-analysis of Detection and Recurrence Based on Raw Data
Authors: Maximilian Burger, H. Barton Grossman, Michael Droller, Joerg Schmidbauer, Gregers Hermann, Octavian Drăgoescu, Eleanor Ray, Yves Fradet, Alexander Karl, Juan Pablo Burgués, J. Alfred Witjes, Arnulf Stenzl, Patrice Jichlinski, Dieter Jocham
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Treatment of Intussusception Caused by Invaginated Meckel's Diverticulum
Authors: Raymond W. Gadbois, Michael A. Dean, William E. Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

SINCE we believe that the experience of a small community hospital is of importance in evaluating surgical statistics, it is hoped that the following report will be of interest, particularly in comparison with reports from larger, more specialized hospitals.Meckel's diverticulum, first recorded by Lavator, described in 1700 by Littre, labeled a diverticulum by Ruysh and Mery, was further reported by Morgagni, and finally recognized as a cause of abdominal complaints by John Frederick Meckel.1 Embryologically, Meckel's diverticulum results from a failure of the intestine to lose its connection with the yolk sac. Developmentally, failure to lose this connection may . . .
Scaling basic toxicokinetic parameters from rat to man.
Authors: K Bachmann, D Pardoe, D White
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Scaling of the quantified dispositional parameters of xenobiotics from animals to man is of interest from the standpoint of toxicology (e.g., poisoning and risk assessment). Scaling is also important from the standpoint of therapeutics because it represents a strategy for predicting first-use-in-human doses in clinical trials of investigational new drugs. Current strategies for scaling either doses of xenobiotics or the dispositional parameters of xenobiotics from animals to man rely on models that take account principally of species differences in weight or body surface area. Interspecies scaling of dispositional parameters such as clearance or volume of distribution commonly involves the comparison of estimates of these parameters for a given xenobiotic among numerous species on the basis of weight with the resultant mathematical relationship used to predict the values of those parameters for that xenobiotic in a species weighing, on average, about 70 kg (i.e., a man). Our approach has been to ascertain whether a useful mathematical model could be developed for predicting the dispositional parameters of a xenobiotic, its half-life and volume of distribution, in humans based exclusively on estimates of those parameters in rats. Based on a data set of about 100 different xenobiotics, we found that values for half-life and volume of distribution of a xenobiotic in humans can be predicted from the estimates of those parameters in rats.
Abstract 314: Distinctive genomic signature patterns of common Hematological malignancies uncovered by chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) using a cancer-specific microarray
Authors: Marilyn M. Li, Xiaofeng Hu, Christopher E. Freeman, Condie E. Carmack, Anwar Iqbal
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The application of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in cancer research has produced a wealth of useful information about copy number alterations (CNAs) and their implications in cancer classification, disease progression, therapy response, and patient outcome. However, only a handful of clinical laboratories are offering CMA for cancer diagnosis. This is largely due to the lack of effective diagnostic standards and guidelines for cancer applications, and the absence of a cancer microarray database to aid in post-analytic interpretation. We have designed a combined targeted-/whole-genome array specific for cancer using the microarray CGH format. Approximately 20,000 high quality oligonucleotide probes were selected from the Agilent Tech. (Santa Clara, CA) eArray system to target all exons and exon/intron boundaries of more than 500 cancer genes, over 100 known cancer-associated genomic regions and all subtelomeric chromosome regions. Intervals between aforementioned genes or regions were filled relatively evenly with oligonucleotide probes to cover the whole genome. Using this custom designed array, we studied 250 cases of hematological malignancies and 30 normal bone marrow or blood controls. In addition to confirming and clarifying cytogenetic and FISH results, the array revealed many previously unknown CNAs, including intra-gene deletions and duplications in patients with normal or abnormal karyotype. Many apparently balanced translocations were found to harbor cryptic CNAs at or near the breakpoints. Many CNAs displayed strong association with specific category of malignancies. GeneSpring Hierarchical Clustering analysis showed distinctive genomic signature patterns for different types or sub-types of haematological cancers. Using BlueFuse Multi software, we were able to create a few disease classification/decision tracks, which are of great clinical significance in post-analytic interpretation and genotype-phenotype correlation for cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 314. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-314
Histone H1.3 Suppresses <i>H19</i> Noncoding RNA Expression and Cell Growth of Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Magdalena Medrzycki, Yunzhe Zhang, Weijia Zhang, Kaixiang Cao, Chenyi Pan, Nathalie Lailler, John F. McDonald, Eric E. Bouhassira, Yuhong Fan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Ovarian cancer is a deadly gynecologic malignancy for which novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets are imperative for improving survival. Previous studies have suggested the expression pattern of linker histone variants as potential biomarkers for ovarian cancer. To investigate the role of histone H1 in ovarian cancer cells, we characterize individual H1 variants and overexpress one of the major somatic H1 variants, H1.3, in the OVCAR-3 epithelial ovarian cancer cell line. We find that overexpression of H1.3 decreases the growth rate and colony formation of OVCAR-3 cells. We identify histone H1.3 as a specific repressor for the noncoding oncogene H19. Overexpression of H1.3 suppresses H19 expression, and knockdown of H1.3 increases its expression in multiple ovarian epithelial cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we demonstrate that histone H1.3 overexpression leads to increased occupancy of H1.3 at the H19 regulator region encompassing the imprinting control region (ICR), concomitant with increased DNA methylation and reduced occupancy of the insulator protein CTCF at the ICR. Finally, we demonstrate that H1.3 overexpression and H19 knockdown synergistically decrease the growth rate of ovarian cancer cells. Our findings suggest that H1.3 dramatically inhibits H19 expression, which contributes to the suppression of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis.
Interferon-α2b in the treatment of follicular lymphoma: Preliminary results of a trial in progress
Authors: C. G. A. Price, A. Z. S. Rohatiner, W. Steward, D. Deakin, N. Bailey, A. Norton, G. Blackledge, D. Crowther, T. A. Lister
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Expression of calcium regulatory proteins in short-term hibernation and stunning in the in situ porcine heart1
Authors: Hartmut Lüss, Peter Boknıék, Gerd Heusch, Frank Ulrich Müller, Joachim Neumann, Wilhelm Schmitz, Rainer Schulz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1998)

Background: Myocardial hibernation and stunning are characterised by a reversible contractile dysfunction during and after ischaemia, respectively. Calcium homeostasis might be disturbed in hibernation and stunning due to altered expression of cardiac proteins involved in calcium handling. Methods: In enflurane-anaesthetised swine the coronary blood flow through the left anterior descending coronary artery was decreased to reduce regional contractile function (microsonometry) by ∼50%. In transmural biopsies obtained during ischaemia and reperfusion creatine phosphate as well as the expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA), phospholamban (PLB), calsequestrin (CSQ), and troponin inhibitor (TnI) were determined. Results: During ischaemia creatine phosphate, after an initial reduction, recovered back to control values, and necrosis was absent (hibernation). After 90 min of ischaemia the myocardium was reperfused for 120 min but regional contractile function continued to be depressed (stunning). PLB, SERCA, CSQ, and TnI proteins were unchanged during ischaemia as well as reperfusion. Likewise, levels of PLB and SERCA mRNAs were unchanged. Conclusion: It is concluded that other mechanisms than altered expression of these regulating proteins underlie the contractile dysfunction observed during acute ischaemia, short-term hibernation and stunning.
The origin and function of platelet glycosyltransferases
Authors: Hans H. Wandall, Viktoria Rumjantseva, Anne Louise Tølbøll Sørensen, Sunita Patel-Hett, Emma C. Josefsson, Eric P. Bennett, Joseph E. Italiano, Henrik Clausen, John H. Hartwig, Karin M. Hoffmeister
Journal: Blood (2012)
Neuroendocrine Modulation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Charles N. Landen, Yvonne G. Lin, Guillermo N. Armaiz Pena, Pamela D. Das, Jesusa M. Arevalo, Aparna A. Kamat, Liz Y. Han, Nicholas B. Jennings, Whitney A. Spannuth, Premal H. Thaker, Susan K. Lutgendorf, Cherylyn A. Savary, Angela M. Sanguino, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Steve W. Cole, Anil K. Sood
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract There is growing evidence that chronic stress and other behavioral conditions are associated with cancer pathogenesis and progression, but the mechanisms involved in this association are poorly understood. We examined the effects of two mediators of stress, norepinephrine and epinephrine, on the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), a transcription factor that contributes to many promalignant pathways. Exposure of ovarian cancer cell lines to increasing concentrations of norepinephrine or epinephrine showed that both independently increased levels of phosphorylated STAT3 in a dose-dependent fashion. Immunolocalization and ELISA of nuclear extracts confirmed increased nuclear STAT3 in response to norepinephrine. Activation of STAT3 was inhibited by blockade of the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors with propranolol, and by blocking protein kinase A with KT5720, but not with the α receptor blockers prazosin (α1) and/or yohimbine (α2). Catecholamine-mediated STAT3 activation was not inhibited by pretreatment with an anti–interleukin 6 (IL-6) antibody or with small interfering RNA (siRNA)–mediated decrease in IL-6 or gp130. Regarding the effects of STAT3 activation, exposure to norepinephrine resulted in an increase in invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) production. These effects were completely blocked by STAT3-targeting siRNA. In mice, treatment with liposome-incorporated siRNA directed against STAT3 significantly reduced isoproterenol-stimulated tumor growth. These studies show IL-6–independent activation of STAT3 by norepinephrine and epinephrine, proceeding through the β1/β2-adrenergic receptors and protein kinase A, resulting in increased matrix metalloproteinase production, invasion, and in vivo tumor growth, which can be ameliorated by the down-regulation of STAT3. [Cancer Res 2007;67(21):10389–96]
CD4+CXCR5+ T cells in chronic HCV infection produce less IL-21, yet are efficient at supporting B cell responses
Authors: Michelle Spaan, Kim Kreefft, Gretchen N. de Graav, Willem P. Brouwer, Robert J. de Knegt, Fibo J.W. ten Kate, Carla C. Baan, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Harry L.A. Janssen, Andre Boonstra
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
MUMPS: A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE EFFECT OF DIATHERMY IN TESTICULAR METASTASIS
Authors: H. L. Fougerousse
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Mumps, per se, means nothing more than a few days of inconvenience; but mumps, with metastasis, is an entirely different problem and exacts a quarantine period and corresponding loss of time of from three to six weeks.  It is interesting to note, in passing, that the remarkable metastasis of this specific infection, so far as the testes are concerned, has never been satisfactorily explained. Military surgeons, who see much of the disease among young recruits and are therefore best qualified to theorize, have suggested that the infecting element is transferred to the penis with the fingers, and that its ultimate transmission is along the urethra. On the other hand, during the latter part of 1918 and the early part of 1919, at the U. S. Naval Hospital at New Orleans, it was rather definitely shown that early treatment of parotid infections with convalescent serum prevented testicular metastasis.  During a recent
Isolation and culture of pulmonary endothelial cells.
Authors: U S Ryan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Methods for isolation, identification and culture of pulmonary endothelial cells are now routine. In the past, methods of isolation have used proteolytic enzymes to detach cells; thereafter, traditional methods for cell passaging have used trypsin/EDTA mixtures. Cells isolated and passaged using proteolytic enzymes have been useful in establishing the field and in verifying certain endothelial properties. However, there is a growing awareness of the role of endothelial cells in processing vasoactive substances, in responding to hormones and other agonists and in cell-cell interactions with other cell types of the vascular wall, with blood cells and with cellular products. Consequently, a new requirement has arisen for cells in vitro that maintain the differentiated properties of their counterparts in vivo. The deleterious effects of trypsin and other proteolytic enzymes commonly used in cell culture on surface structures of endothelial cells such as enzymes, receptors and junctional proteins, as well as on extracellular layers such as the glycocalyx or
Aggregate Risk Score Based on Markers of Inflammation, Cell Stress, and Coagulation Is an Independent Predictor of Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Danny J. Eapen, Pankaj Manocha, Riyaz S. Patel, Muhammad Hammadah, Emir Veledar, Christina Wassel, Ravi A. Nanjundappa, Sergey Sikora, Dylan Malayter, Peter W.F. Wilson, Laurence Sperling, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Stephen E. Epstein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Threat posed by antimicrobial resistance must not be underestimated
Authors: M. Hensher
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Health economic evaluation has increasingly converged on an agreed set of principles and procedures based around probabilistic modelling, clinical trials, and meta-analysis. Smith and Coast’s article on antimicrobial resistance shows us clearly and elegantly why these methods will probably fail us the moment we step outside the carefully controlled world of trials into the world of uncertain …
Sodium Fluoride for Arrest Of Otosclerosis
Authors: George E. Shambaugh
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The editorial inThe Journal(<b>195</b>:955, 1965) with the "catchy" title, "Please Pass the Roach Poison," could be subject to misinterpretation with its concluding sentence which states that fluorides are not ready for clinical application. I wish to call attention to the article in the September 1964<i>Archives of Otolaryngology</i>on "Sodium Fluoride for Arrest of Otosclerosis," and a second article in the February 1966<i>Archives of Otolaryngology</i>, on "Promotion of Bone Calcificiation by Sodium Fluoride." This medication has been used in many hundreds of patients with active spongy foci of otosclerosis in the labrinthine capsule as shown by tomography. In some the focus has recalcified and presumably been inactivated with return of the labyrinthine capsule to normal. To date, no deleterious effects have been observed in any patients receiving a dosage of 60 to 120 mg daily for three to six months. It would be
VARIABILITY IN RESPONSE TO PRASUGREL AND TICAGRELOR OVER TIME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Leor Perl, Noa Zemer-Wassercug, Eldad Rechavia, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Katia Orvin, Hila Lerman-Shivek, Ran Kornowski, Eli Lev
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Reorganisations often benefit administrators rather than patients
Authors: N. Hughes, P. Samet
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—As part of the reorganisation of hospitals, health authorities have been issuing consultation documents and proposing merging, relocating, or closing services. They claim that it is not a matter of reducing costs while emphasising that no change is not an option. Consultation is regarded as a necessary evil. Some consultations are a sham in which the public is asked to endorse a single item, without any indication of what will happen if it is rejected.

We are not medically qualified but represent residents' associations on Community Voice, a body with …
THE ENHANCING EFFECT OF AZOPROTEINS ON THE LESIONS PRODUCED BY VACCINE VIRUS, THE SHOPE FIBROMA VIRUS, AND THE AGENT TRANSMITTING CHICKEN TUMOR I
Authors: Albert Claude
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1939)

It is known that azoprotein solutions, like testicular extracts, possess the property of causing particles to spread through the dermis. The present work shows that azoproteins exhibit, like testicular extract, the power to increase the size of virus lesions in the skin of rabbits, and the size of tumors in chickens. The results indicate that the extent of the lesion is roughly proportional to the spreading power of the solution. This suggests that the spread of the infective material, over a larger area of skin, is directly responsible for the enhancing effect. The production of extensive lesions by means of spreading agents may have a practical value when large amounts of working material are needed.
Old and new prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia with deranged core‐binding factor beta
Authors: Roberto Cairoli, Alessandro Beghini, Mauro Turrini, Giambattista Bertani, Gianpaolo Nadali, Francesco Rodeghiero, Carlo Castagnola, Francesca Lazzaroni, Michele Nichelatti, Felicetto Ferrara, Giovanni Pizzolo, Enrico Pogliani, Giuseppe Rossi, Giovanni Martinelli, Enrica Morra
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with deranged core-binding factor beta (CBFβ) is usually associated with a favorable prognosis with 50-70% of patients cured using contemporary treatments. We analyzed the prognostic significance of clinical features on 58 patients with CBFβ-AML aged ≤60 years. Increasing age was the only predictor for survival (P <0.001), with an optimal cut-point at 43 years. White blood cells (WBCs) at diagnosis emerged as an independent risk factor for relapse incidence (P = 0.017), with 1.1% increase of hazard for each 1.0 × 10(9) /L WBC increment. KIT mutations lacked prognostic value for survival and showed only a trend for relapse incidence (P = 0.069).