tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Murine natural killer cells express functional Fc gamma receptor II encoded by the Fc gamma R alpha gene.
Authors: B Perussia, M M Tutt, W Q Qiu, W A Kuziel, P W Tucker, G Trinchieri, M Bennett, J V Ravetch, V Kumar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We report evidence that murine NK cells express a functional Fc gamma RII encoded by the Fc gamma RII alpha gene. Several lines of indirect evidence indicate that freshly obtained NK cells from mice of several strains bear a functional Fc gamma RII: (a) anti-Fc gamma RII antibody 2.4G2 detects a small but significant proportion of sIg- cells and a small proportion of the 2.4G2+ cells are included in the Thy-1+ population; (b) sIg- lymphocytes contain 2.4G2+ and Fc gamma R-bearing cells in similar proportions; (c) binding of particulate immune complexes by sIg- lymphocytes is completely inhibited by 2.4G2; (d) 2.4G2+ cells mediate greater than 50% of the spontaneous cytotoxicity in sIg- splenic lymphocytes. Direct evidence for the presence of Fc gamma RII on murine NK cells is provided by the results of two-color immunofluorescence studies performed on splenic lymphocytes from C57BL/6 mice showing coexpression of NK-1.1 and 2.4G2. Studies of in vitro propagated homogeneous NK cell populations confirm that murine NK cells express only Fc gamma RII and that this Fc gamma R is functional, as shown in experiments of inhibition of ADCC by the anti-Fc gamma RII antibody 2.4G2. The results of studies at the molecular level show that an Fc gamma RII alpha transcript identical to that expressed in macrophages is the only molecule encoding Fc gamma RII in murine NK cells.
The Roseto Roster
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I wonder about the appropriateness of using the word "salubrious" in describing the physical well-being of the citizens of Roseto, Pa (Stout, C., et al: Unusually Low Incidence of Death From Myocardial Infarction,<i>JAMA</i><b>188</b>:845 [June 8] 1964). Although the Rosetans may have a reduced incidence of death from myocardial infarction, their good health is hardly evident. Of the five cities surveyed, Roseto has the smallest number of people over 55 years of age (Fig 1, p 846). This does not necessarily mean that more Rosetans died from diseases at an earlier age, but it may. The authors may be dealing with a phenomenon that could be partially explained on the basis of a skewed age population.
Polyarthritis as the presenting symptom of the occurrence and recurrence of a laryngeal carcinoma.
Authors: F Eggelmeijer, J D Macfarlane
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

A 50 year old male smoker presented with an identical seronegative polyarthritis before both the occurrence and recurrence of a laryngeal tumour. The interval between the joint symptoms and discovery of the tumour was 11 and 13 months respectively. Treatment of the tumour resulted in complete disappearance of the arthritis on both occasions.
Low plasma C4 concentrations: association with microangiopathy in insulin dependent diabetes.
Authors: A H Barnett, C Mijovic, J Fletcher, I Chesner, B M Kulkuska-Langlands, R Holder, A R Bradwell
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Plasma C4 concentrations were measured in insulin dependent diabetics with and without microangiopathy and in controls. The diabetics had significantly lower C4 values than controls (p less than 0.001), and patients with insulin dependent diabetes and microangiopathy had lower values than those without this complication (p less than 0.001). There was a 7.1-fold increase in the prevalence of complications in the diabetics with low C4 values. Of 41 diabetics whose rate of albumin excretion was measured, 13 had increased rates and 11 of these had low C4 concentrations. Low plasma C4 concentration in insulin dependent diabetes is strongly associated with microvascular disease and may identify diabetics with a particular propensity to develop this complication.
Serofendic Acid, a Novel Substance Extracted From Fetal Calf Serum, Protects Against Oxidative Stress in Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Toshihiro Takeda, Masaharu Akao, Madoka Matsumoto-Ida, Masashi Kato, Hiroyuki Takenaka, Yasuki Kihara, Toshiaki Kume, Akinori Akaike, Toru Kita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Expression of inhibitory Fc receptor (FcγRIIB) is a marker of poor response to rituximab monotherapy in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Chern Siang Lee, Margaret Ashton-Key, Sergio Cogliatti, Susanne Crowe, Mark Cragg, Hsu-Fang Schmitz, Michele Ghielmini, Peter Johnson
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
The Booster Effect in Two-Step Tuberculin Testing among Young Adults in Montreal
Authors: Richard Menzies
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objectives: No consensus exists regarding the definition and interpretation of a significant boosting reaction after sequential tuberculin testing. The booster phenomenon is thought to represent remote tuberculous infection where tuberculin reactivity has waned, but it has also been described among persons with previous exposure to other mycobacteria or bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. We studied the factors affecting the booster phenomenon among Canadian-born young adults to determine the definition that would maximize sensitivity and specificity of a positive booster reaction in these persons. Design: Point-prevalence survey of initial tuberculin reactions and response to repeated tuberculin testing after 1 to 4 weeks. Setting: Community-based study of all students entering health professional training programs at six post-secondary institutions. Measurements: In 1989, 1990, and 1991, students completed self-administered questionnaires, underwent two-step tuberculin testing with purified protein derivative-tuberculin (PPd-T), and had their childhood BCG vaccination status verified. In 1991, students were also tested with purified protein derivative-Battey (PPd-B) (for Mycobacterium intracellulare). Results: Overall, 74 students (5.2%) had positive booster reactions, which were significantly associated with older age (P < 0.001), larger initial tuberculin reactions (P < 0.001), previous BCG vaccination (P < 0.001), older age when vaccinated (P < 0.02), longer interval from vaccination to testing (P < 0.01), and sensitivity to PPd-B (P < 0.001). Boosting was not associated with the number of BCG vaccinations, sex, or risk factors for tuberculous infection. The pattern, mean, and mode of the frequency distributions of booster reactions among those with BCG vaccination and sensitivity to PPd-B were similar to those with assumed tuberculous infection. Conclusions: In young adults, booster reactions due to previous tuberculous infection are uncommon and cannot be distinguished from false-positive reactions due to past exposure to other mycobacteria.
Candidate for WHO post explains his view further
Authors: U. M. Rafei
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—The BMJ recently submitted questions to the seven candidates for the position of director general of the World Health Organisation; it published five responses, including mine.1 The answers to the questions have been abridged, and while I understand the need to do this, I take issue with Fiona Godlee's comments on my candidacy …
The Country Doctor Revisited: A Twenty-First Century Reader
Authors: Richard P. Holm
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Morphometric analysis of cardiac hypertrophy during development, maturation, and senescence in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Authors: G L Engelmann, J C Vitullo, R G Gerrity
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

Hypertrophy of the mammalian heart, regardless of the initiating event, results in architectural remodeling of ventricular components that maintain structural and functional characteristics of this organ. Ventricular components that vary their morphology and morphometry in a hypertrophic state are the muscle cells, connective tissue elements, vasculature, or a combination of some or all of the above. Morphologic quantification of the progressive tissue changes occurring throughout the natural life span of the spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats has not been thoroughly documented. Using perfused-fixed tissue from both strains at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months of age, we have determined the morphometric changes that occurred in the subepicardial and midwall regions of the left ventricle. Myocyte cell size, wall thickness, and arterial blood pressure were elevated in 1-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats, reached significance by 6 months, and remained significantly greater throughout the 24 months examined. Tissue morphometry demonstrated significant tissue component volumetric differences at 6 months in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Age-related morphometric tissue changes occurred in both strains yet were exacerbated (percent volume of myocytes) or diminished (percent volume interstitial space) in the mature and aging spontaneously hypertensive rat. Capillary density of SHR left ventricle showed a drastic decline so that 6-month-old SHR had the same density as a senescent Wistar-Kyoto. Tissue morphometry and capillary density data strongly support the hypothesis that tissue oxygenation is diminished in the spontaneously hypertensive rat, and as a result, tissue necrosis and myocyte cell death occur.
Validation of a predictive model for identifying an increased risk for thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Lesley Mitchell, Moritz Lambers, Silke Flege, Gili Kenet, Valerie Li-Thiao-Te, Susanne Holzhauer, Christoph Bidlingmaier, Michael C. Frühwald, Christine Heller, Wolfgang Schmidt, Brigitte Pautard, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl
Journal: Blood (2010)
Vasodilators and Prostaglandin Inhibitors in Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: JAMES B. HERMILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Ten women with primary pulmonary hypertension had resting hemodynamic measurements taken before and after the nonparenteral administration of various vasodilators and prostaglandin inhibitors. Only sublingual isoproterenol, alone or combined with sublingual isosorbide dinitrate, effected a substantial (greater than 20%) drop in pulmonary vascular resistance; this decrease was accompanied by little change in pulmonary artery pressure. Isosorbide dinitrate was the only drug that elicited any reduction in pulmonary artery pressure; pulmonary vascular resistance decreased modestly. The oral administration of diazoxide, hydralazine, phentolamine, and tolazoline elicited little change in pulmonary artery pressure or resistance. Except for tolazoline, all these agents significantly decreased systemic blood pressure and resistance. Prostaglandin inhibition by indomethacin (acute and chronic dosing) increased pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances and reduced cardiac output. Aspirin combined with dipyridamole elicited no changes. The vasodilators and prostaglandin inhibitors studied evoked little improvement in resting pulmonary hemodynamic abnormalities in primary pulmonary hypertension.
Safe laws on assisted dying are working worldwide
Authors: D. Leaf
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Opponents of voluntary euthanasia often muddy the waters with words and concepts that evoke really bad connotations.1 They are wilful misrepresentations of the facts.

Numerous independent audits of existing euthanasia laws from several jurisdictions have shown them to be safe. The “slippery slope” does not exist. Vulnerable people are less likely to take advantage of assisted dying:

> Rates of assisted dying in Oregon …
Points from Letters: Suicide by Private Pilots
Authors: L. Burkinshaw
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Mileage for Consultants SIR,-In your footnote to the letter from Dr. M. C. C. Bird (11 May, p. 336) you quote the Secretary as saying that the mileage allowances in the N.H.S. have been increased three times since last December.Readers may like to know what these princely increases were.The allowance was first increasod from 5 5p to 5 6p and then to 5-7p; and
Abstract B57: Non-peptide macrocyclic histone deacetylase inhibitors: A structure activity relationship study
Authors: Subhasish Tapadar, Idris Raji, Shaghayegh Fathi, Celinah Mwakwari, Eric Raftery, Adegboyega K. Oyelere
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment because HDAC inhibitors have shown the ability to arrest proliferation of nearly all transformed cell lines. Recently, we have reported a new class of hydroxamic acid based HDAC inhibitors containing 14- or 15-membered non-peptide macrolide antibiotic (azithromycin, clarithromycin, and TE-802) skeletons as surface recognition group. In these HDAC inhibitors, the modified macrolide antibiotic is linked to the zinc chelating hydroxamic acid moiety via 5- or 6-methylene chain linker. All the compounds showed low nano-molar HDAC inhibitory activities and they selectively inhibited the growth of both small cell and non-small cell lung cancer cells over the healthy cells at concentrations more than 5 times the IC50 values. Azithromycin-linked hydroxamic acids selectively accumulate in vivo in the lung tissues of Bald/C mice, allowing for tissue targeted anti-cancer therapy. To further understand the depth of the SAR of this class of HDAC inhibitors on HDAC inhibitory activities and HDAC isoform selectivity, we investigated the consequence of incorporation of varied methylene-linkers, newly modified macrolide antibiotic skeleton, and new macrocyclic skeleton. We observed that these compounds retain anti-HDAC, anti-proliferative activities and in some cases therapeutic profile is even better than previously reported compounds. Citation Format: Subhasish Tapadar, Idris Raji, Shaghayegh Fathi, Celinah Mwakwari, Eric Raftery, Adegboyega K. Oyelere. Non-peptide macrocyclic histone deacetylase inhibitors: A structure activity relationship study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B57.
Combination treatment of hepatic encephalopathy due to thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure in the rat with benzodiazepine and opioid receptor antagonists
Authors: Turgay Çelik, I.Tayfun Uzbay, Kubilay Çinar, Hakan Bozkaya, Özden Uzunalimoǧlu, Cihan Yurdaydm
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1999)
Review: Preoperative brain natriuretic peptide level is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular events after noncardiac surgery
Authors: Roop Kaw
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Karthikeyan G, Moncur RA, Levine O, et al. Is a pre-operative brain natriuretic peptide or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide measurement an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes within 30 days of noncardiac surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1599-606. 19833258
Dyskeratosis congenita in a female
Authors: R.K. JOSHI, D.N. ATUKORALA, A. ABANMI, A. KUDWAH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

We report a 9-year-old Saudi girl with dyskeratosis congenita. In addition to the known manifestations of this disease, she also had the additional features of tufts of hairs on the limbs, and an early onset of keratinized basal cell papillomas on her trunk.
The effect of chronic protein-calorie undernutrition in the rat on myocardial function and cardiac function.
Authors: D O Nutter, T G Murray, S B Heymsfield, E O Fuller
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The effect of chronic protein-calorie undernutrition (PCU) on cardiac structure, biochemistry, myocardial function, and left ventricular dynamics was studied in young, male, Long-Evans rats.Chronic PCU produced marked cachexia of the marasmic type (body weight decreased to 48% of normally nourished control rats) and cardiac atrophy (heart weight at 57% of control).Myocardial structure on light microscopy was normal and myocardial edema (dry/wet weight) was not present.An increased left ventricular DNA content (1.82 + 0.67 BE VS. 1.25 ± 0.58 pg/mg tissue wet weight) and collagen content (70.61 ± 4.54 vs. 31.72± 2.44 pg/mg, P< 0.001) in the presence of normal concentrations of RNA and actomyosin suggested a decrease in myofiber size with normal contractile proteins and protein synthesis.Resting length-tension curves for left ventricular papillary muscles failed to demonstrate alterations in myocardial stiffness with PCU.Active length-tension curves demonstrated enhanced myocardial contractility in chronic PCU hearts: peak developed isometric tension at U , was 4.84 ± 0.21 vs. 3.24 ± 0.31 g/mm*, P < 0.01.The in situ heart preparation in anesthetized PCU rats demonstrated bradycardia, hypotension, and a depressed cardiac output when compared to control hearts.However, cardiac output adjusted for body weight was normal (0.048 ± 0.005 vs. 0.044 ± 0.002 ml/min per g), and ventricular function curves, using stroke work index, showed a normal cardiac reserve in PCU rats.We conclude that uncomplicated chronic PCU is accompanied by cardiac atrophy, normal or enhanced myocardial contractility, and left ventricular function that has adjusted to the decrease in body mass and metabolic requirements.Ore Res 45:144-162, 1979PROTEIN-CALORIE undernutrition (PCU) has been found to occur in 30-40% of hospitalized patients in industrialized societies and is recognized as a major medical problem in the general population of developing nations (Bistrian et aL, 1976;Hill et al., 1977).Despite the medical importance of PCU, the effects of acute starvation and chronic PCU on cardiac structure, biochemistry, myocardial contractility, and cardiovascular dynamics are incompletely defined.Cardiac atrophy has been found in children suffering from chronic PCU (Smythe et al., 1962; Wharton et al., 1969;Piza et al., 1971), in normal adult volunteers experimentally subjected to semistarvation (Keys et al., 1947), and in rats in which chronic PCU was induced (Svoboda et aL, 1966;Cohen et al., 1976).Descriptions of myocardial histopathology in both human and experimental PCU have been quite variable and have included normal myocardial structure, interstitial edema, vacuolation, myofibrillar necrosis, and scattered fibrosis (Smythe et al., 1962; Wharton et al.
Long-Term Prognostic Impact of Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Patients With Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Artery Lesions
Authors: Nobutaka Noto, Hiroshi Kamiyama, Kensuke Karasawa, Mamoru Ayusawa, Naokata Sumitomo, Tomoo Okada, Shori Takahashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Irrigation Smear
Authors: Ralph M. Richart
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The false-negative rate of the irrigation smear, a selfadministered vaginal cytological screening device, was determined in a group composed primarily of women in whom conventional methods of cytological diagnosis had produced findings positive for cervical neoplasia. Of the 274 examinations performed, 172 (63%) were satisfactory for cytological diagnosis. The false-negative rate in 48 cases of presumptive carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma was 50%. In 13 cases of histologically proved carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma, it was 39%. In 70 cases of presumptive cervical dysplasia, it was 51%. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed. Until the high proportion of unsatisfactory smears and the high false-negative rate of the satisfactory ones can be lowered, it is suggested that the use of this method be restricted to populations that cannot be reached by other cytological techniques.
The Metabolic Syndrome: Time for a Critical Appraisal: Joint Statement From the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
Authors: Leslie Citrome, Richard I.G. Holt, Timothy G. Dinan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The joint statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (1) takes issue with the entity of the metabolic syndrome, criticizing it on a number of levels, including the seemingly arbitrary selection of its component risk factors and their corresponding cutoff values, the lack of concordance between competing definitions of …
Pseudo-acylceramide with linoleic acid produces selective recovery of diminished cutaneous barrier function in essential fatty acid-deficient rats and has an inhibitory effect on epidermal hyperplasia.
Authors: G Imokawa, Y Yada, K Higuchi, M Okuda, Y Ohashi, A Kawamata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Pseudo-acylceramides with different acyl properties were investigated for their capacity to restore diminished barrier function in essential fatty acid-deficient rats. Daily topical applications of synthetic pseudo-acylceramides containing ester-linked linoleic acid caused a dose-dependent, significant reduction of transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Both other pseudo-acylceramides with ester-linked oleic acid or saturated alkyl chains and ordinary ceramides exhibited a poor effect on recovery of TEWL. Furthermore, pseudoceramide containing ether-linked linoleic acid, which is biologically inactive in terms of degradation by hydrolytic enzymes, also induced a significant and similar increase in the barrier function. This restoration of barrier function by pseudo-acylceramides with linoleic acid was accompanied by suppressed DNA synthesis in the EFAD rat epidermis. In UVB-irradiated guinea pig skin, topical applications of the pseudo-acylceramides with linoleic acid immediately after the exposure significantly reduced epidermal hyperplasia, secondary to markedly diminished barrier disruption, whereas linoleic acid itself did not. A comparison of both the anti-hyperplasia and the barrier recovery effects in the series of pseudo-ceramide derivatives examined revealed that the suppressive effect on the induced epidermal hyperplasia was paralleled by the recovery of the barrier defect in EFAD rats. These findings directly suggest that acylceramide with an ester-linked linoleic acid has an essential role in the epidermal permeability barrier.
Mutational Reversions During Adaptive Protein Evolution
Authors: Mark A. DePristo, Daniel L. Hartl, Daniel M. Weinreich
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Adaptation is often regarded as the sequential fixation of individually, intrinsically beneficial mutations. Contrary to this expectation, we find a surprisingly large number of evolutionary trajectories on which natural selection first favors a mutation, then favors its removal, and later still favors its ultimate restoration during the course of antibiotic resistance evolution. The existence of reversion trajectories implies that natural selection may not follow the most parsimonious path separating two alleles, even during adaptation. Altogether, this discovery highlights the unusual and potentially circuitous routes natural selection can follow during adaptation.