tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethical Problems in the Medical Office
Authors: Marc Tunzi
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Congratulations to Connelly and Dalle-Mura1for their article entitled Ethical Problems in the Medical Office. Their assessment of the significance and frequency of outpatient clinical-ethical  is both accurate and timely. Also accurate is their assessment that, very often, these  are dismissed as trivial when compared with  problems.  Unfortunately, these very same office problems are the ones that become hospital problems given enough time. Just as preventive, primary health care is not as exciting—and not as well funded—as intensive care unit medicine, preventive, primary ethics is not as glamorous and not as well practiced as in the intensive care unit. But just as untreated hypertension may lead to a stroke, untreated issues of competence and refusal of treatment may lead to a useless resuscitation or persistent vegetative state. Too bad for all of us.  One way around this might be to encourage the inclusion
The Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Adenoma
Authors: Joel Hamburger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

In the United States, thyroid adenomas that function independently of thyroid-stimulating hormone (known as autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas) are uncommon. They may produce amounts of hormone less than or approximately equal to normal requirements, in which case they are termed nontoxic, or they may produce excessive amounts of hormone and clinical features of hyperthyroidism, in which case they are termed toxic. Most are nontoxic. Tracer techniques for the diagnosis of autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas involve serial imaging before and after stimulation with thyroid-stimulating hormone or during suppression with thyroid hormone (suppression images).1 Suppression images show that autonomously functioning thyroid adenomas . . .
The Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)
Authors: William H. Sweet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Trigeminal neuralgia, or tic douloureux, denotes a specific type of facial pain that has these features: (1) occurrence in abrupt, intense paroxysms, (2) usually provocation by a minimal local stimulus to the affected side of the face, (3) unilaterality, and (4) nearly always confinement to the domain innervated by the trigeminal nerve. Routine testing with cotton or pinprick infrequently discloses any hypesthesia or hypalgesia. Between the bursts of pain, which last from a second to a few minutes, there is usually no pain. Most patients have especially sensitive "trigger zones" from which attacks are provoked. Somewhat atypical are patients with . . .
"THE ALLEGED INSUSCEPTIBILITY TO INTOXICATION BY POISON IVY"
Authors: Jay Frank Schamberg
Journal: JAMA (1922)

To the Editor:  —InThe Journal, July 15, is a current comment in which the statement is made that, contrary to the theory of 'desensitization' by internal administration of tincture of rhus, it appears that the susceptibility may be increased with successive intoxications.  The question of desensitization by internal administration of the tincture of the drug is unrelated to the question of increasing susceptibility to successive external exposure to the plant. It is to be regretted that destructive criticism of the treatment by desensitization should be published without adequate clinical testimony, for many patients may, as a result, be deprived of the value of this treatment.  In October, 1919, I published a short paper inThe Journalon Desensitization of Persons Against Ivy Poison. Since that time I have treated in the neighborhood of fifty patients who were susceptible to ivy poison, and most of whom were subject to yearly
The use of ciclosporin in psoriasis: a clinical review
Authors: V.C. Ho
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that shows variability in phenotype and severity. The disease can seriously compromise patients' quality of life, regardless of disease extent. Systemic treatment is indicated when lesional burden is extensive and/or frequently relapsing, and when quality of life is severely altered. Furthermore, surveys have indicated that patients are dissatisfied with their current topical or phototherapy. The efficacy of ciclosporin in the treatment of psoriasis is well established. However, widespread use of this drug has been limited by concerns over adverse effects, such as renal impairment, hypertension and the potential risk of malignancy. Data from many clinical trials designed to examine the efficacy and safety of long‐term continuous and intermittent short‐course (< 12 weeks) therapy are now available. Information from these studies has aided dermatologists in developing treatment guidelines. Intermittent short‐course therapy is well tolerated, safe, and highly effective in sustaining disease control and promoting quality of life. Long‐term continuous ciclosporin therapy may be useful in some patients with refractory psoriasis. If treatment guidelines are followed, the risk of nephrotoxicity and hypertension is low. Ciclosporin therapy is associated with an increased risk of non‐melanoma skin cancer (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) when patients have been previously exposed to psoralen‐ultraviolet A (PUVA). The incidence of non‐skin malignancy shows no significant difference to that observed in the general population.
Abstract C03: A comprehensive study of genomic alterations reveals deregulation of the cell cycle in most esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Jian Bai, Qiyan Wang, Kenan Gong, Hong Cai, Yang Ke, Changqing Zeng
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objective: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a major cause of cancer related mortality. To determine the molecular basis of ESCC development, this investigation sought to comprehensively identify the characteristic genome-wide changes in ESCC, including exonic mutations and structural alterations. The clinical implications of these genetic changes are also analyzed. Methods: Exome sequencing was applied to detect somatic mutations in nine pairs of ESCC and matched blood samples, followed by validation with MassARRAY genotyping and Sanger sequencing. Whole-genome SNP arrays were employed to study copy number changes and the loss of heterozygosity in 55 ESCCs. Results: 108 non-synonymous mutations in 102 genes were identified and validated in nine patients, suggesting a low somatic mutation rate (average 12 per tumor) in our ESCC cases. The chromatin modification process was found to be enriched in gene ontology analysis. Mutated TP53 was seen in five of the nine tumors (55.6%) undergone exome sequencing and in 23/46 tumors in the validation set. Integrating with the SNP array data, we found that tumor genomes with TP53 mutations were much more unstable than those without these mutations. In the landscape of genomic alterations, deletion of 9p21.3 covering CDKN2A (30.9%), amplification of 11q13.3 covering CCND1 (30.9%), and point mutation of TP53 (50.9%) occurred in two-thirds of ESCCs, suggesting deregulation of G1 in cell cycle is the key event in ESCC. Furthermore, six minimal common regions were found to be significantly altered in ESCC and three (9p21.3, 7p11.2, 3p12.1) were associated with lymph node metastasis. Conclusions: Frequent TP53 mutation and genomic instability are highly correlated in ESCC. The amplification of CCND1, deletion of CDKN2A/B, and somatic mutation of TP53 play pivotal roles via G1 deregulation and therefore classify this cancer into major groups. These findings provide clinical significance for future molecular diagnosis and therapeutic targeting. Citation Format: Jian Bai, Qiyan Wang, Kenan Gong, Hong Cai, Yang Ke, Changqing Zeng. A comprehensive study of genomic alterations reveals deregulation of the cell cycle in most esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr C03.
Herpetic proctitis and sacral radiomyelopathy--a hazard for homosexual men.
Authors: P L Samarasinghe, J K Oates, I P MacLennan
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The disparity of views and conclusions is probably due to difficulties experienced in assessing hearing loss in Paget's disease.Interestingly, the overall change after three years in total loss of high-frequency air conduction and in total air-bone gap was very small.This suggests that the evolution of deafness in these patients is extremely gradual.Although calcitonin cannot be regarded as effective in Pagetoid deafness, the rate of evolution of the hearing loss is sufficiently slow to reassure the patient.
Abstinence-Only Programs Under Fire
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Over the past decade the US federal government has heavily promoted programs that advocate sexual abstinence as the key strategy for dealing with adolescent sexuality but studies are demonstrating that the approach has little impact on teen sexual behavior or in preventing pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). As a result health professionals and government officials are working to end the programs and to expand funding for other types of sexual education initiatives and many states have refused federal funding for abstinence-only programs. By 2005 there were more than 800 programs that had been funded with over $1.5 billion and increasingly professionals parents policy makers and adolescents have been raising concerns said John Santelli MD MPH of the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. The mounting pressure to revamp sex education programs was a topic of discussion at the 2008 National STD Prevention Conference held here in March. (excerpt)
In at-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, saxagliptin and placebo did not differ for CV events
Authors: Oscar L. Morey-Vargas, Victor M. Montori
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, et al; SAVOR-TIMI 53 Steering Committee and Investigators. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1317-26. 23992601
Gly m 5 is a Major Soybean Allergen in European Children: Comparative Investigation of Linear B-cell Epitopes of Gly m 5 and Ara h 1, the Homologous Peanut Allergen
Authors: Y. Kuehne, B. Niggemann, B.K. Ballmer-Weber, J. Scibilia, C. Bindslev-Jensen, O. Wackermann, G. Reese, S. Vieths, T. Holzhauser
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Compulsory Notification of Tuberculosis.
Authors: Henry B. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Lansing, Mich., Sept. 7, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the paragraph on page 611, of your issue for Sept. 2, 1899, permit me to suggest that isolation of patients and placarding of premises need not follow notification; but notification is essential for any action by the people, that is by the state, for gaining any knowledge of the actual conditions and circumstances under which tuberculosis is spread, and it is for such purposes that the Michigan State Board of Health has taken action; and for the additional purpose of placing in the hands of persons who cough and of their friends some brief suggestions tending to teach the patient how to avoid re-infection and the spreading of the disease to others. Extensive observation at morgues in large cities has proved that even a large proportion of persons dead from other causes have recovered from tubercular disease of the lungs;
Abstract 1991: Effects of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) on VEGF secretion in Human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231
Authors: Shih-Min Hsia, Tzong-Ming Shieh, Yin-Hua Shih
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of mortality among females in the world. The death reasons of most breast cancer patients were due to the tumor metastasis from breast to other organs. The principal mechanisms involved in metastasis are migration and invasion. Unfortunately, there are almost no efficacious therapeutic modalities. Thus, it is imperative to develop novel targets and agents to prevent invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells.This purpose of this study is to investigate the anti-metastatic potency of ISL via modulation of the expression of VEGF and MMP in the highly metastatic human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Based on ELISA and western blot analysis, ISL treatment (0.1-10 μM) for 24 h and 48 h reduced secretions and protein levels of VEGF in a time- and dose-dependent manner. ISL decreased the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) protein expression, which is the up-regulator of VEGF. According to chamber migration assay and wound migration assay, ISL significantly suppressed the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells at 24 h and 48 h. Among human MMPs, MMP-2 and MMP-9 have been of particular interest because they efficiently cleave the major components of ECM. As confirmed by western blot and gelatin zymography assay, ISL inhibited the protein expression and gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2/-9 at 48 h. To further clarify the signal pathway responsible for ISL-downregulated cell migration in MDA-MB-231 cells, we examine the effect of ISL on PI3K/Akt pathway and MAPK pathway, as well as the NF-κB. The expression of PI3K and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt kinase were suppressed after ISL treatment. In addition, NF-κB DNA binding assay demonstrated that NF-κB DNA binding activity was inhibited after ISL treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest the ISL inhibits p38, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB signaling, resulting in the inhibition of VEGF, HIF-1α, MMP-9, and MMP-2, and thus suppresses migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. We believe that these findings will provide the potential application of ISL on the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1991. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1991
Early stages in a sensorimotor transformation
Authors: Martha Flanders, Stephen I. Helms Tillery, John F. Soechting
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1992)

Abstract We present a model for several early stages of the sensorimotor transformations involved in targeted arm movement. In psychophysical experiments, human subjects pointed to the remembered locations of randomly placed targets in three-dimensional space. They made consistent errors in distance, and from these errors stages in the sensorimotor transformation were deduced. When subjects attempted to move the right index finger to a virtual target they consistently undershot the distance of the more distal targets. Other experiments indicated that the error was in the sensorimotor transformation rather than in the perception of distance. The error was most consistent when evaluated using a spherical coordinate system based at the right shoulder, indicating that the neural representation of target parameters is transformed from a retinocentric representation to a shoulder-centered representation. According to the model, the error in distance results from the neural implementation of a linear approximation in the algorithm to transform shoulder-centered target parameters into a set of arm orientations appropriate for placing the finger on the target. The transformation to final arm orientations places visually derived information into a frame of reference where it can readily be combined with kinesthetically derived information about initial arm orientations. The combination of these representations of initial and final arm orientations could give rise to the representation of movement direction recorded in the motor cortex by Georgopoulos and his colleagues. Later stages, such as the transformation from kinematic (position) to dynamic (force) parameters, or to levels of muscle activation, are beyond the scope of the present model.
Fexofenadine reduces nasal congestion in perennial allergic rhinitis
Authors: G. Ciprandi, C. Cosentino, M. Milanese, C. Mondino, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Nasal congestion is the predominant symptom in perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and it seems to be mainly related to the late‐phase inflammatory events. The present pilot study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect exerted by fexofenadine in patients with PAR due to mite allergy. Methods: This study was a parallel, double‐blind, randomized, three‐arm (1:1:1), placebo‐controlled study. Thirty‐one subjects with PAR were enrolled and received double‐blind medication: fexofenadine 120 or 180 mg, or placebo, once a day for 28 days. Results: The total symptom score was reduced by fexofenadine (both dosages) at V2 ( P =0.007), whereas placebo did not modify it. Nasal congestion decreased after 1 week of treatment with fexofenadine 120 ( P =0.027) and 180 ( P =0.01), but not with placebo ( P =NS). At V3, fexofenadine (both dosages) significantly reduced nasal congestion ( P =0.011 and P =0.007, respectively), by placebo did not show any significant effect. Conclusions: This pilot study represents the first evidence of the efficacy of fexofenadine in PAR, and also the control of the nasal congestion. We suggest performing larger trials to confirm these preliminary findings.
Protest over sale of national mental hospital in the Philippines
Authors: A. Easton
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Health workers in the Philippines have described a government plan to relocate its national mental hospital to a site which is malaria infested and near a cliff as “insane.”

The government wants to convert the 49 hectare site of the state run National Centre for Mental Health in Manila into a commercial, residential, and recreational complex. The Council for Health and Development said the sale would mean 4000 mental health patients would need to be relocated.

One of the areas planned for relocation, Pililla, which is 60 km away from the present …
Evarts A. Graham and the First Pneumonectomy for Lung Cancer
Authors: Leora Horn, David H. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Article Tools History of Oncology Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8260 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 18591561 Evarts A. Graham and the First Pneumonectomy for Lung Cancer Leora HornxLeora HornSearch for articles by this author , David H. JohnsonxDavid H. JohnsonSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8260 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2008 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Who gets renal bone disease before beginning dialysis?
Authors: T Cundy, D J Hand, D O Oliver, C G Woods, F W Wright, J A Kanis
Journal: BMJ (1985)

To identify patients at risk from renal bone disease we compared the demographic characteristics of 243 patients with end stage renal failure grouped according to the presence (97 (40%] or absence of severe renal bone disease as judged by histological criteria. Youth, female sex, tubulointerstitial types of nephropathy, and a long duration of uraemia were all identified as significant independent risk factors for the development of bone disease. The relative risks from being female and having tubulointerstitial renal disease were separately identifiable when the estimated observation of renal failure was short (less than four years). The identification of patients at high risk from bone disease may clarify the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of renal osteodystrophy.
Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) promotes M2 macrophage polarization in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Valentina Audrito, Sara Serra, Davide Brusa, Francesca Mazzola, Francesca Arruga, Tiziana Vaisitti, Marta Coscia, Rossana Maffei, Davide Rossi, Tao Wang, Giorgio Inghirami, Menico Rizzi, Gianluca Gaidano, Joe G. N. Garcia, Cynthia Wolberger, Nadia Raffaelli, Silvia Deaglio
Journal: Blood (2014)
CB1 Signaling in Forebrain and Sympathetic Neurons Is a Key Determinant of Endocannabinoid Actions on Energy Balance
Authors: Carmelo Quarta, Luigi Bellocchio, Giacomo Mancini, Roberta Mazza, Cristina Cervino, Luzie J. Braulke, Csaba Fekete, Rocco Latorre, Cristina Nanni, Marco Bucci, Laura E. Clemens, Gerhard Heldmaier, Masahiko Watanabe, Thierry Leste-Lassere, Marlène Maitre, Laura Tedesco, Flaminia Fanelli, Stefan Reuss, Susanne Klaus, Raj Kamal Srivastava, Krisztina Monory, Alessandra Valerio, Annamaria Grandis, Roberto De Giorgio, Renato Pasquali, Enzo Nisoli, Daniela Cota, Beat Lutz, Giovanni Marsicano, Uberto Pagotto
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2010)
A Clinical Lecture ON FOUR CASES IN WHICH STONES WERE REMOVED FROM THE URETER: Delivered at the Medical Graduates' College and Polyclinic, February 7th, 1910
Authors: C. A. Morton
Journal: BMJ (1910)

<h3>Summary</h3> Here, the multifractal behavior SARS-CoV2 COVID-19 pandemic daily and death cases is investigated through the so-called Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima lines (WTMM) method, data of daily and death cases available via the World Health Organization (WHO) database of Algeria, Russia, USA and Italy is analyzed. The obtained results show the multifractal behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic spread data with different spectra of singularities.
Dasatinib Induces a Response in Malignant Thymoma
Authors: Charles Chuah, Tse Hui Lim, Alvin Soon Tiong Lim, Sim Leng Tien, Chong Hee Lim, Richie Soong, Francis Lee, Yeh Ching Linn, Yeow Tee Goh, Foong Koon Cheah, Alwin Hwai Liang Loh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)