tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Prognostic Signature Based on the Expression of Insulin-Related Genes in Early Breast Cancer.
Authors: A. Gennari, M. Sormani, A. Decensi, A. Decensi, P. Pronzato, V. Mirisola, M. Puntoni, M. Roncella, M. Ghilli, P. Bruzzi, U. Pfeffer
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: A substantial body of evidence indicate that the insulin pathway plays a key role in breast cancer development and progression and may represent a therapeutic target, especially in those patients exposed to high plasmatic level of insulin. However, the potential prognostic role of genes related to the insulin-pathway in breast cancer cells has not been explored. With these premises, we evaluated the prognostic role of the expression of genes related to the insulin pathway in early breast cancer. Methods: Candidate genes were selected from published literature, genomic databases, and gene expression profiling experiments performed in insulin resistant subjects, yielding 143 genes that were used to develop a molecular classifier. We used three publicly available breast cancer datasets, GSE1456, GSE3494 and GSE2990 that include gene expression data on a total of 502 cases with clinical follow up. The insulin gene signature was developed on GSE1456, containing microarray data from 159 early breast cancer patients. This dataset was split by a random procedure into a training set and a validation set. Univariate non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to identify genes differentially expressed. Expression of genes significantly correlated with relapse was combined in a linear score. Patients were classified as low or high risk with respect to the median score. External validation was performed on GSE3494 and GSE2990. Results: On the training set, 15 genes resulted differentially expressed in relapsed and non relapsed patients: the 8-year disease free survival (DFS) was 91% (SE =4%) and 51% (SE = 8%) in the high and low risk group (p&amp;lt; 0.001); HR = 10.6 (95% CI 3.2-35.5, p&amp;lt;0.00001). In the validation set, the 8-year RFS was 97% (SE = 3%) and 54% (SE = 10%), respectively (p = 0.009); HR = 4.6 (95% CI 1.01 to 20.7, p 0.04). External validation was performed on two independent datasets, GSE3494 and GSE 2990 including 350 early breast cancer patients. In GSE3494 the 8-year DFS was 72% (SE = 5%) and 61% (SE = 4%) in the high and low risk group (p = 0.03), respectively. In GSE 2990 the 8-year DFS was 74% (SE = 7%) and 55% (SE = 8%), respectively, (p = 0.03). By multivariate analysis, the insulin signature resulted significantly associated with DFS, independently of age, tumor size, ER status, nodal status and grade. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the insulin pathway is involved in breast cancer prognosis at a genomic level and might provide a better way to individualize therapeutic interventions targeting insulin signaling. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 108.
S144 Quality Of Life In Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Is Associated With Quadriceps Function And Size
Authors: B. Garfield, L. Parfitt, C. Harries, K. Dimopoulos, M. Gatzoulis, P. Kemp, M. Polkey, S. Wort
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Despite recent improvements in therapy patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) still suffer with significantly reduced quality of life (QOL). Muscle dysfunction and low physical activity are emerging as important complications of the disease. Separately rehabilitation programs have been shown to cause an improvement in both QOL and muscle strength but the direct relationship between these factors has not as yet been documented in this condition. <h3>Aims</h3> We aimed to define the relationship between QOL and muscle function, size and physical activity in patients with IPAH. <h3>Methods</h3> In 12 patients with IPAH we measured quadriceps maximal volitional capacity (QMVC), ultrasound cross sectional area of the rectus femoris (US<sub>RF</sub>CSA), fat free mass index by bioelectrical impedance (FFMI), physical activity using the Sensewear armband (steps per day, total energy expenditure (TEE), and active energy expenditure (AEE)). They were also asked to complete the St. George’s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ). Correlations were performed with Pearson’s or Spearman’s test. <h3>Results</h3> In the 12 patients with data so far available in this study QOL measured by the total SGRQ score correlated significantly with QMVC/BMI (r = -0.75, p = 0.005), FFMI (r = -0.71, p = 0.009) and USRF<sub>CSA</sub> (r = -0.88, p = 0.0002) (Figure 1A). There was no significant correlation between total SGRQ score and Sensewear measured steps per day (r = -0.62, p = 0.08) (Figure 1B) TEE (r = -0.62, p = 0.08) or AEE (rho = -0.41, p &gt; 0.05) in the 9 patients with data available. Furthermore there was no significant correlation between BNP or resting echocardiographic parameters and total SGRQ QOL <h3>Discussion</h3> We have shown that muscle size and function are directly related to QOL in patients with IPAH. This work suggests that muscle function may be an important determinant of QOL in these patients, making it a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Further data is needed to define the association between physical activity and QOL in patients with IPAH.
Dysfunctional HDL May Increase Heart Disease Risk
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Will Imaging Assist in the Selection of Patients With Heart Failure for an ICD?
Authors: Myron C. Gerson, Mouhamad Abdallah, James N. Muth, Alexandru I. Costea
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)

Sudden cardiac death remains the leading cause of death in the U.S. A left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <30% to 35% identifies a population of patients at increased risk for sudden cardiac death. Once identified, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is effective in reducing the occurrence of sudden cardiac death. Yet in a substantial proportion of patients who receive an ICD based on reduced LVEF, the device never delivers therapy. Furthermore, the majority of patients who die suddenly do not qualify for ICD placement under current LVEF-based criteria in the guidelines. This review considers the potential role of cardiac imaging in improving the selection of patients most likely to benefit from an ICD. The presence of myocardial scar and/or unrevascularized myocardial ischemia provides an important substrate for the occurrence of potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The presence of clinical heart failure further increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. The sympathetic nervous system provides an important trigger for major arrhythmic events, both through global overactivity and through regional heterogeneity of sympathetic activity. A mismatch of myocardial perfusion and innervation may pose a particularly great risk. Imaging modalities provide unique opportunities to investigate the anatomic and pathophysiologic substrates, as well as the triggering effects of cardiac sympathetic innervation. Combining imaging and electrophysiologic modalities offers promise for improved accuracy in future selection of patients with heart failure for ICD placement.
Minute Endoscopical Findings of Duodenal Mucosa Using the Dye Scattering Method
Authors: Y. Kohli, M. Nakajima, K. Ida, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1974)

Referred to by: Advanced imaging: the impressive success story of gastrointestinal endoscopyEndoscopy 2019; 51(03): 209-211DOI: 10.1055/a-0834-6062
Mitral valve dimensions and motion in Marfan patients with and without mitral valve prolapse. Comparison to primary mitral valve prolapse and normal subjects.
Authors: R Pini, M J Roman, R Kramer-Fox, R B Devereux
Journal: Circulation (1989)

To determine mitral valve and extravalvular findings associated with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in patients with the Marfan syndrome, we compared mitral leaflet and anular dimensions and motion by computerized two-dimensional echocardiography in 53 Marfan patients (28 with M-mode echocardiographic MVP) to those in 48 adults with primary MVP and in 35 normal subjects. Mitral leaflet billowing occurred in 28 of 28 Marfan patients with M-mode MVP versus 24 of 48 with primary MVP (p less than 0.00005), 0 of 25 Marfan patients without M-mode MVP, and 0 of 35 normal subjects (both, p less than 0.0001). Billowing occurred on the first systolic frame in 8 of 28 Marfan-MVP patients, in whom posterior leaflet chordae arose abnormally from the posterior ventricular wall, and in no other subjects. These patients had large mitral valves and normal anular dynamics, whereas the remaining 20 Marfan-MVP patients had increased systolic anular expansion. Marfan-MVP patients were younger than those without MVP (29 +/- 12 vs. 38 +/- 15 years, p less than 0.02) and had lower body mass index (19.8 +/- 2.7 vs. 23.9 +/- 2.9 kg/m2, p less than 0.00005) and systolic blood pressure (120 +/- 20 vs. 133 +/- 20 mm Hg, p less than 0.05), similar to differences between primary MVP and normal subjects in body mass index (21.5 +/- 3.0 vs. 23.9 +/- 4.8 kg/m2, p less than 0.01) and systolic pressure (118 +/- 14 vs. 125 +/- 18 mm Hg, p less than 0.05). Marfan patients with and without MVP had similar arm span, arm span to height ratio, upper to lower segment ratio, and prevalence of ectopia lentis and thoracic bony abnormalities, but arachnodactyly was more frequent in those with MVP (82% and 48%, respectively; p less than 0.02). We conclude that 1) leaflet billowing occurs more uniformly in Marfan patients with MVP than in primary MVP, 2) MVP in Marfan patients may be due to either valve enlargement with distinctively abnormal chordal architecture or abnormal mitral anular distensibility, 3) Marfan patients with MVP have low body weight and systolic blood pressure, similar to primary MVP, and 4) Marfan patients with MVP more commonly have arachnodactyly but otherwise have similar skeletal and anthropometric characteristics to other Marfan patients.
Role for Myosin-V Motor Proteins in the Selective Delivery of Kv Channel Isoforms to the Membrane Surface of Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Sarah M. Schumacher-Bass, Eileen D. Vesely, Lian Zhang, Katherine E. Ryland, Dyke P. McEwen, Priscilla J. Chan, Chad R. Frasier, Jeremy C. McIntyre, Robin M. Shaw, Jeffrey R. Martens
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: Kv1.5 (KCNA5) mediates the ultra-rapid delayed rectifier current that controls atrial action potential duration. Given its atrial-specific expression and alterations in human atrial fibrillation, Kv1.5 has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. A necessary step in the development of novel agents that selectively modulate trafficking pathways is the identification of the cellular machinery controlling Kv1.5 surface density, of which little is yet known. Objective: To investigate the role of the unconventional myosin-V (MYO5A and MYO5B) motors in determining the cell surface density of Kv1.5. Methods and Results: Western blot analysis showed MYO5A and MYO5B expression in the heart, whereas disruption of endogenous motors selectively reduced I Kur current in adult rat cardiomyocytes. Dominant negative constructs and short hairpin RNA silencing demonstrated a role for MYO5A and MYO5B in the surface trafficking of Kv1.5 and connexin-43 but not potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily H (eag-related), member 2 (KCNH2). Live-cell imaging of Kv1.5-GFP and retrospective labeling of phalloidin demonstrated motility of Kv1.5 vesicles on actin tracts. MYO5A participated in anterograde trafficking, whereas MYO5B regulated postendocytic recycling. Overexpression of mutant motors revealed a selective role for Rab11 in coupling MYO5B to Kv1.5 recycling. Conclusions: MYO5A and MYO5B control functionally distinct steps in the surface trafficking of Kv1.5. These isoform-specific trafficking pathways determine Kv1.5-encoded I Kur in myocytes to regulate repolarizing current and, consequently, cardiac excitability. Therapeutic strategies that manipulate Kv1.5 selective trafficking pathways may prove useful in the treatment of arrhythmias.
Health care reform: a competing flavour from Tennessee
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Jim Cooper is a little20known congressman from Tennessee. But it is he, rather than President Clinton, who appears to be guiding US health care reform. Three weeks ago President Clinton20opened the 1994 session of congress with an expected demand for an overhaul of the US medical system. And in a surprise statement meant to rally the public he promised congress, “If the legislation you send me does not guarantee every American private health insurance that can never be taken away, you will force me to take this pen, veto that legislation, and we'll come right back here and start all over again.”

In the audience Mr Cooper must have looked carefully at the pen in the president's left hand. Like Mr Clinton, Mr Cooper is a former Rhodes scholar who calls himself a “centrist Democrat.” Unlike …
Successful hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation in multicentric Castleman disease complicated by POEMS syndrome
Authors: Apar Kishor Ganti, Iraklis Pipinos, Eliad Culcea, James O. Armitage, Stefano Tarantolo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract A 39‐year‐old male presented with pedal edema, pleural effusion, splenomegaly, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated the presence of a monoclonal protein. Histological examination of the spleen following splenectomy showed multifocal vascular proliferation and angiovascular lesions consistent with multicentric Castleman disease. He was treated with steroids and rituximab, but without improvement. The patient was found to have portal venous thrombosis and lower extremity arterial thrombosis. He then received combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone but developed a severe inflammatory polyneuropathy that left him disabled and wheelchair‐bound. A diagnosis of multicentric Castleman disease with POEMS syndrome was made, and he then received high‐dose chemotherapy with melphalan followed by autologous peripheral blood stem‐cell transplantation. Following transplantation, his nerve conduction studies improved and his serum protein electrophoresis normalized. He is currently ambulatory and does not need wheelchair assistance. Hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation may be a treatment option for patients with multicentric Castleman disease and POEMS syndrome. Am. J. Hematol. 79:206–210, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Repair of incisional hernia after median sternotomy.
Authors: B R Davidson, J S Bailey
Journal: Thorax (1987)

About 19 000 cardiac surgical procedures are carried out annually in the United Kingdom, 4000 being for congenital defects (UK Cardiac Surgical Register: Society of Thoracic and Cardiovacular Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland, 1983).Most of these procedures use the median sternotomy incision for access to the heart and great vessels.Epigastric incisional hernias may occur as a complication in up to 4% of these operations.'The defects occur in the subxiphoid
ANTIBODY PRODUCTION BY CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE
Authors: Alain E. Bussard, Claude Hannoun
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

By combining a tissue culture method with the detection of antibody-producing cells by local hemolysis in gum it has been possible to follow the immunological activity of cells from tissue fragments for long period of time. These fragments were obtained from lymph nodes or spleens of rabbits immunized by sheep erythrocytes. It was found that, while the immunological activity of the free cells in suspensions decreased fast and disappeared in a few days, the cells attaching on glass could express their activity for at least 3 wk. It is assumed that these cells are the daughters of cells from the fragments which were not active antibody producers at the beginning, but differentiated, during the culture, into cells endowed with two capacities: glass adherence and antibody synthesis. One can further admit that the type of culture employed exerts a selective pressure favoring formation of antibody-producing cells.
Effects of Reserpine Therapy on Cardiac Output and Atrioventricular Conduction During Rest and Controlled Heart Rates in Patients with Essential Hypertension
Authors: STAFFORD I. COHEN, MELVIN W. YOUNG, SUN H. LAU, JACOB I. HAFT, ANTHONY N. DAMATO
Journal: Circulation (1968)

The effects of long-term reserpine therapy (1) on cardiac output during rest and induced atrial tachycardia and (2) on atrioventricular (A-V) conduction were examined in a group of eight men with previously untreated essential hypertension. The patients were studied before and after 20 to 205 days of reserpine therapy. All studies were performed in the cardiopulmonary laboratory with the patients supine. Heart rate was controlled with a transvenous pacing catheter and a battery-powered pacemaker. After therapy six of six patients had a fall in cardiac output with a statistically significant difference ( P &lt;0.001) between the means of paired pre-reserpine and reserpine cardiac outputs during both rest and paced tachycardia. At comparable heart rates, atrioventricular conduction increased in six of eight patients following reserpine, and a significant difference ( P &lt;0.05) was evident when the means of pooled paired pre-and post-reserpine A-V conductions were compared. This study indicates that therapeutically administered reserpine in a hypertensive population (1) may significantly lower cardiac output at rest with no further decrease during induced atrial tachycardia, and (2) may increase A-V conduction and enhance second degree heart block during induced atrial tachycardia.
Since the Accident
Authors: Floyd Skloot
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical Illustrations: Cancer of the Uterus, Bladder, &c.: Case and Remarks
Authors: E. Ballard
Journal: BMJ (1849)

CANCER OF THE UTERUS, BLADDER, &c.exist, antiphlogistic treatment, leeches or scarificatiom, with salines and alterative doses of mercury, will be found useful.If there be simple ulceration, with induration and hypertrophy of the cervix, subsequent appropriate treatment should be put in force, by caustics and astringent injections, especially of zinc, alum, or tannin; the latter, when applied by means of a sponge or large camel's hair pencil, through the speculum in a concentrated solution, to the ulcer after it has been brought to a healthy condition by lunar, caustic, I have seen very rapidly to cause it to cicatrize.In the severer cases, however, if the milder treatment be of no avail, and the pain and difficulty of micturition be great, requiring the constant aid of the catheter, an attempt to restore the structure of parts should be made.The rectum having been emptied of its con- tents by an enema, the patient placed on her back, with her thighs flexed and pelvis elevated, one or two fingers of the right hand should be introduced, and an attempt made to hook the index round the cervix, at the same time pressure must be made upon the fundus, which will facilitate the object; gentle traction should then be made upon the cervix, and the depression will, in all probability, be easy; if, however, the cervix cannot be thus reached, an instru- ment similar to the one invented by Madame Boivit' may be emJployed, but will require caution.With regard to pessaries, I say nothing in reference to their use in preventing a recurrence of anteversion, as I cannot conceive of their capability of being, in the slightest degree, serviceable.After the parts have regained their normal structure and position, mineral tonic remedies, with astringent injections, cold hip.baths, or sea bathing, (where the powers of the patient will permit,) will more completely answer this end, by giving tone to the system, and thereby over- coming a relaxation of the contiguous parts, which always, in a greater or less degree, precedes the accident.
Scintigraphy in Ochoa Syndrome
Authors: Jose Rafael Infante, Juan I. Rayo, Justo Serrano, María L. Domínguez, Lucía García, Carmen Durán
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The Ochoa or urofacial syndrome is a disease characterized by non-neurogenic bladder dysfunction and unusual facial expressions when smiling or crying. It is an extremely rare disorder with over 150 cases reported in the medical literature. This condition has been determined to be inherited by an autosomal recessive pattern. We present radionuclide renogram and renal scan of a boy with a history of incontinence, frequent infections of the urinary tract, and gene mutations consistent with this syndrome. Nuclear medicine images showed extensive bilateral renal scarring and obstructive pattern in diuretic renogram.