tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential inhibition of potassium currents in rat ventricular myocytes by capsaicin
Authors: N. A Castle
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Differential inhibition of potassium currents in rat ventricular myocytes by capsaicin Get access Neil A Castle Neil A Castle Department of Anesthesia Research Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA: Dr N A Castle. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 11, November 1992, Pages 1137–1144, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.11.1137 Published: 01 November 1992 Article history Received: 01 June 1992 Accepted: 31 July 1992 Published: 01 November 1992
Evaluation of Subendocardial Ischemia in Valvar Aortic Stenosis in Children
Authors: ALAN B. LEWIS, MICHAEL A. HEYMANN, PAUL STANGER, JULIEN I. E. HOFFMAN, ABRAHAM M. RUDOLPH
Journal: Circulation (1974)

An index of myocardial oxygen supply/demand was calculated from the left ventricular and aortic pressure tracings in 80 infants and children with isolated valvar aortic stenosis. Supply was estimated by multiplying the area between aortic and left ventricular pressures during diastole (DPTI) by arterial oxygen content (C). Demand was estimated from the area under the left ventricular tracing during systole (SPTI). The oxygen supply/demand ratio was expressed as: DPTI X C/SPTI. A ratio &lt;10 has been shown experimentally in animals to be associated with reduced subendocardial flow. With severe stenosis, i.e., aortic valve area (AVA) &lt;.7 cm 2 /m 2 , an increasing number of patients develop ratios &lt;10. Patients with AVA &lt;.7 cm 2 /m 2 but heart rates &lt;100/minute maintain adequate ratios whereas patients with heart rates &gt;100/minute and severe stenosis all have ratios consistent with subendocardial ischemia. Supply/demand ratios &lt;10 are usually associated with significant T wave abnormalities on the ECG while patients with normal T waves generally have ratios &gt;10. It is concluded that in severe valvar aortic stenosis heart rate is a critical factor in the development of a reduction in the oxygen supply/demand ratio consistent with subendocardial ischemia. Exercise induced tachycardia may be useful in identifying patients with severe valvar aortic stenosis and borderline ischemia who have normal T waves at rest.
Determination of local myocardial electrical activation for activation sequence mapping. A statistical approach.
Authors: K P Anderson, R Walker, P R Ershler, M Fuller, T Dustman, R Menlove, S V Karwandee, R L Lux
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Electrical activation sequence mapping requires accurate identification of local activation, but because extracellular recordings do not exclusively reflect local events, complex electrograms may be difficult to interpret. In such cases, the assignment of local activation is subject to error that could affect interpretation of the resulting activation maps. The purpose of this investigation was to develop an approach that would provide quantitative indexes of error in the determination of local activation. An electrode array with 64 closely spaced unipolar electrodes was used to record from the left ventricular surface during open heart surgery. Electrograms with multiple deflections were recorded from four patients with scarred myocardium; two other patients with normal myocardial function served as controls. Each of 784 deflections was scored on the basis of three features: evidence for propagation, the configuration of the bipolar signal, and the effect of changing from the chest to an average reference. Local activation was considered probable if evidence for all three features was present and improbable if none of the three features was present. Deflections that were ambiguous with respect to this standard were excluded. Of over 30 test variables analyzed, the three with the greatest power to discriminate signals due to local activation from those due to distant activity were 1) a linear combination of the extracellular potential plus the ratio of the second derivative and the extracellular potential, 2) the second derivative, and 3) the minimum (greatest negative) first derivative. For each of these variables, the threshold value providing the greatest performance was identified by the maximum quality of efficiency, an index of agreement. This statistical approach provides an objective basis for determining local activation and provides a quantitative assessment of error that could enhance interpretation of electrical activation sequence maps.
A Surprise during Pediatric Endoscopy
Authors: Tobias G. Wenzl, Heino Skopnik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: A 10-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital with crampy epigastric pain after eating. He mentioned swallowing a small object. Gastroscopy revealed a toy flashlight (2.5 cm in diameter) emblazoned with a cartoon character (Figure 1). The boy's symptoms were relieved after the flashlight was removed, and his flashlight still worked.
Efficacy of oral isotretinoin in the control of skin and nasal colonization by antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria in patients with acne
Authors: P. Coates, S. Vyakrnam, J.C. Ravenscroft, G.I. Stables, W.J. Cunliffe, J.J. Leyden, J. Johnson, E.A. Eady, J.H. Cove
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background Skin colonization by antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria is commonplace among acne patients globally. Increasing attention is now being paid to how resistance rates might be reduced to preserve the future efficacy of antibiotics, especially erythromycin and clindamycin in acne therapy. Objective To assess the efficacy of oral isotretinoin in the control of antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria. Methods Acne patients (72 in the U.K., 62 in the U.S.A.) colonized with high numbers of antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria were sampled before, during and 12 weeks after oral isotretinoin therapy. Propionibacterial samples were collected from five acne-prone skin surface sites using a detergent scrub method and from the anterior nares using moistened swabs. Total and antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria were enumerated by viable counting on media with and without selective antibiotics. Results After 16 weeks of oral isotretinoin therapy, mean population densities of viable propionibacteria and variants resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin or tetracycline had fallen by more than 90% at all skin sites and in the nares. The sole exception was a smaller reduction in tetracycline-resistant strains on the lower back. In general, greater reductions were observed on skin than in the nares. By the end of the treatment period only three patients (all in Philadelphia) yielded no antibiotic-resistant strains from any site. Post-treatment, propionibacterial counts remained well below pretreatment levels but had begun to recover on the face and in the nares. The recovering propionibacterial population included both susceptible and resistant strains. Changes during and post-treatment at the two centres were similar but not identical. Conclusions Oral isotretinoin effectively reduced skin and nasal colonization by antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria. However, viable populations of resistant isolates persisted post-treatment at multiple sites. Novel methods are required to eradicate antibiotic-resistant propionibacteria completely, especially from the nasal reservoir.
Difference in activatio of RAF/MEK/ERKI1 pathways between normal liver cell growth and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: M HONIMOTO
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Branched-chain α-ketoacid (BCKA) dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC) regulates branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism at the level of BCKA catabolism. It has been demonstrated that the activity of hepatic BCKDC is markedly decreased in type 2 diabetic animal models. In this study, we examined the regulation of hepatic BCKDC in rats with diet-induced obesity (DIO). Rats were fed a control or a 60% of energy high-fat diet (HFD) for twelve weeks. Concentrations of blood components and the activities and protein amounts of hepatic BCKDC and its specific kinase (BDK) were measured. The concentrations of plasma glucose, insulin, and corticosterone were significantly elevated in DIO rats compared to those fed the control diet, suggestive of insulin resistance. Blood BCAA concentrations were not increased. The activity of hepatic BCKDC that was present in the active form in the liver was higher in DIO rats compared to controls, although the total activity and the enzyme amount were not different between two diet groups. The activity of hepatic BDK and the abundance of BDK bound to the BCKDC were decreased in DIO rats. The total amount of hepatic BDK was also significantly decreased in DIO rats. In rats made obese through HFD feeding, in contrast to prior studies in rat models of type 2 diabetes, hepatic BDK was down-regulated and thereby hepatic BCKDC was activated, suggesting that DIO promotes liver BCKA catabolism. In this model there was no evidence that increased blood BCAAs drive DIO-associated insulin resistance, since concentrations of BCAAs were not altered by DIO.
PRE-HEART-TRANSPLANT DEPRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER RISK OF IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY: A PARADOX, CONFOUNDING, OR UNDERDIAGNOSIS PHENOMENA? FINDINGS FROM A US NATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Marjan Mujib, Dhaval Kolte, Sahil Khera, Wilbert ronow, Chandrasekar Palaniswamy, Gregg Lanier, Sachin Sule, Gregg Fonarow, Ali Ahmed, William Frishman, Alan Gass, Sumanth Prabhu, Julio Panza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Toward a New Social Compact for Health Research
Authors: Harvey V. Fineberg
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stress echo in chest pain unit: the SPEED (Stress Pharmacologic Echocardiography in Emergency Department) trial
Authors: Gigliola Bedetti, Emilio Pasanisi, Giancarlo Tintori, Lucas Fonseca, Simone Tresoldi, Calogero Minneci, Andres Orlandini, Bruno Ghelarducci, Raffaele Bugiardini, Eugenio Picano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Much Ado About Tobacco Smoke
Authors: Alfred Coodley
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As a nonsmoker and as a psychiatrist, I would like to make one point in reaction to Dr. Szasz (229:1326, 1974). Speaking of "medical metaphors," one might ask in this instance whether Dr. Szasz, disturbed by clouds of tobacco smoke at a meeting, was acting in an "antisocial" manner by attending and participating in a symposium when he was "coming down with the flu" and thus exposing those with "incomprehensible jargon" and "fakery and foolishness" to his virus.
Verification of smoking history in patients after infarction using urinary nicotine and cotinine measurements.
Authors: R G Wilcox, J Hughes, J Roland
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Urinary concentrations of nicotine and its major metabolite cotinine were measured in volunteers whose smoking habits were known to test the reliability of the measurements as indicators of current smoking. In the non-smokers detectable concentrations were always below the confidence limits set for the method, while in smokers the concentrations were always above these limits. After subjects stopped smoking cotinine appeared in the urine for longer than nicotine and was still detectable at least 36 hours after the last cigarette had been smoked. When this method was used to verify the smoking histories given by patients attending an infarction clinic it was estimated that 46-53% of previous smokers had actually stopped smoking compared with the 63% who said that they had done so. It is suggested that simultaneous assays of urinary nicotine and cotinine may be a useful means of verifying patients9 current smoking habits.
Evaluation of three anorexiants. Clortermine hydrochloride (voranil), fenfluramine hydrochloride (pondimin), and mazindol (sanorex)
Authors: M. H. Dykes
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Clortermine hydrochloride, fenfluramine hydrochloride, and mazindol are comparable to other anorexiants in suppressing the appetite. They should only be used as short-term adjuncts in a program that also includes caloric restriction, appropriate exercise, and psychologic support. Mazindol is the only anorexiant that is not a phenethylamine, and fenfluramine has the unusual property of producing both anorexia and central nervous system depression. (<i>JAMA</i>230:270-272, 1974)
Reviews and Notes: Obesity: Theory and Therapy
Authors: Robert Kushner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 September 1993Reviews and Notes: Obesity: Theory and TherapyRobert Kushner, MDRobert Kushner, MDUniversity of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-6-199309150-00046 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Obesity: Theory and TherapySecond edition. Albert J. Stunkard, and Thomas A. Wadden; eds. 388 pages. New York: Raven Press; 1992. $59.00.As one who is interested in the care of obese patients, I have welcomed the increased focus on obesity brought forth by the Congressional hearings on the commercial weight loss industry, the National Institutes of Health Conferences on Gastrointestinal Surgery for Severe Obesity and Methods for Voluntary Weight Loss and Control, and the recent publication of several medical textbooks on the subject. These forums and publications have clearly shown that to treat effectively the overweight patient, one must ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1993Volume 119, Issue 6Page: 543KeywordsEnergy metabolismHearingMorbid obesityMorbidityMortalityObesityOverweightPrevention, policy, and public healthSurgeryWeight loss ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of plasmapheresis in primary biliary cirrhosis.
Authors: L B Cohen, E P Ambinder, A M Wolke, S P Field, F Schaffner
Journal: Gut (1985)

Five patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and prolonged cholestasis underwent intensive plasmapheresis. The indications for plasmapheresis included intractable pruritus or hypercholesterolemia and xanthomatous neuropathy. Patients noted a rapid improvement of pruritus and fatigue which was sustained as long as plasmapheresis was continued. Cholesterol levels were lowered an average of 10.3 mmol/l and xanthomata were reduced in three of four patients. Two patients with painful neuropathy caused by xanthomata experienced relief of this symptom. The liver and spleen size were not affected by plasmapheresis, and activities of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and titres of mitochondrial antibody remained unchanged. We conclude that plasmapheresis has a role in the therapeutic management of patients with advanced primary biliary cirrhosis who are disabled by the complications of pruritus, xanthomatous neuropathy, or hypercholesterolemia with xanthoma formation.
Atrial fibrillation in heart failure is associated with an increased risk of death only in patients with ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Jakob Raunsø, Ole Dyg Pedersen, Helena Dominguez, Morten Lock Hansen, Jacob Eifer Møller, Jesper Kjærgaard, Christian Hassager, Christian Torp‐Pedersen, Lars Køber
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Gene Expression Patterns in the Lungs of Patients With Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Mark W. Geraci, Mark Moore, Tracy Gesell, Michael E. Yeager, Lori Alger, Heiko Golpon, Bifeng Gao, James E. Loyd, Rubin M. Tuder, Norbert F. Voelkel
Journal: Circulation Research (2001)

Abstract — Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by lumen-obliterating endothelial cell proliferation and vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy of the small precapillary pulmonary arteries. Because the vascular lesions are homogeneously distributed throughout the entire lung, we propose that a tissue fragment of the lung is representative of the whole lung. RNA extracted from the fragments is likely to provide meaningful information regarding the changes in gene expression pattern in PPH when compared with structurally normal lung tissue. We hypothesize that the lung tissue gene expression pattern of patients with PPH has a characteristic profile when compared with the gene expression pattern of structurally normal lungs and that this characteristic gene expression profile provides new insights into the pathobiology of PPH. Using oligonucleotide microarray technology, we characterized the expression pattern in the lung tissue obtained from 6 patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH)—including 2 patients with the familial form of PPH (FPPH)—and from 6 patients with histologically normal lungs. For the data analysis, gene clusters were generated and the gene expression pattern differences between PPH and normal lung tissue and between PPH and FPPH lung tissue were compared. All PPH lung tissue samples showed a decreased expression of genes encoding several kinases and phosphatases, whereas several oncogenes and genes coding for ion channel proteins were upregulated in their expression. Importantly, we could distinguish by pattern comparison between sporadic PPH and FPPH, because alterations in the expression of transforming growth factor-β receptor III, bone morphogenic protein 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5, RACK 1, apolipoprotein C-III, and the gene encoding the laminin receptor 1 were only found in the samples from patients with sporadic PPH, but not in FPPH samples. We conclude that the microarray gene expression technique is a new and useful molecular tool that provides novel information pertinent to a better characterization and understanding of the pathobiology of the distinct clinical phenotypes of pulmonary hypertension.
Letter: Psychological sequelae of therapeutic abortion.
Authors: J Kellett
Journal: BMJ (1976)

45was systematically covered largely accounts for the fall now occurring in the number of cases of cervical cancer in Aberdeen.In the interests of economy, and in the light of our knowledge of the high-risk groups, should the taking of smears not become part of all routine antenatal care?The majority of cases would then be detected before the high-risk patient had finished childbearing.Twenty years later a fall in the incidence of the disease could be predicted, a fall which will never happen if only the well women offering themselves for screening and rescreening are covered.
Does Gastric Juice pH Influence Tonometric P<scp>co</scp> <sub>2</sub> Measured by Automated Air Tonometry?
Authors: ALEXANDER BRINKMANN, BERNHARD GLASBRENNER, ARNIM VLATTEN, HOLGER EBERHARDT, GÖTZ GELDNER, PETER RADERMACHER, MICHAEL GEORGIEFF, HEIDE WIEDECK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

To determine the influence of changes in gastric juice pH due to intravenous administration of pentagastrin and omeprazole on intramucosal regional Pco 2 (PrCO2 ), we investigated 17 healthy human volunteers. Gastric juice pH was obtained from a glass pH electrode for continuous gastric juice pH measurement and PrCO2 was measured by using automated air tonometry. After baseline (8:00 a.m.–9:00 a.m.) the subjects received 0.6 μ g/kg/h pentagastrin intravenously for 1 h (9:00 a.m.–10:00 a.m., after stimulation 10:00 a.m.–11:00 a.m.) and 40 mg omeprazole intravenously (after omeprazole 11:00 a.m.–3:00 p.m.). Following pentagastrin administration gastric juice pH significantly decreased from 1.2 ± 0.4 to 0.6 ± 0.4 (mean ± SD, p < 0.007, versus baseline), whereas omeprazole transiently increased luminal pH up to 4.4 ± 1.7 (p < 0.007 versus baseline). These subsequent changes in gastric juice pH were accompanied by a significant increase in PrCO2 from 48 ± 12 to 61 ± 17 mm Hg (p < 0.007 versus baseline) and a decrease to 44 ± 5 mm Hg (p < 0.002 versus pentagastrin), respectively. A gastric juice pH > 4 considerably reduces mean gastric PrCO2 and interindividual variability. Thus omeprazole may improve the validity of gastric tonometry data.
A piece of my mind. Skeptical of skeptics
Authors: T. L. English
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Skepticism permeates our profession. It is ingrained during medical training and reinforced by professional experience. Who among us has not repeatedly seen claims for fourth-generation drugs with no side effects, new operations that yield glowing results with minimal complications, or the latest infallible, high-tech diagnostic procedure... only to discover months or years later that these claims missed the truth by miles. Small wonder most of us are skeptics. To be skeptical is to be detached, rational, and objective. Skepticism is widely perceived as the prudent, conservative way to deal with ambiguous situations—times when even experts are confounded. Healthy skepticism is the "in" attitude for intelligent, discriminating physicians. But healthy for whom? Four years ago I was diagnosed as having chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). The experience has given me a new perspective of my profession, one that is not always flattering. In one early report, the average CFS patient had previously