tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Pressure Target in Chronic Kidney Disease and Proteinuria as an Effect Modifier
Authors: Ashish Upadhyay, Katrin Uhlig
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Letters2 August 2011Blood Pressure Target in Chronic Kidney Disease and Proteinuria as an Effect ModifierAshish Upadhyay, MD and Katrin Uhlig, MD, MSAshish Upadhyay, MDFrom Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this author and Katrin Uhlig, MD, MSFrom Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In response to our systematic review of BP targets in CKD trials, Drs. Schrier and Lumlertgul ask whether a lower BP target would benefit patients with CKD and diabetes. They cite the ACCORD and ABCD studies, which we did not include in our review because only one third of participants had CKD on the basis of elevated urinary albumin excretion (about two thirds with microalbuminuria) (1, 2). The ACCORD study did not find a systolic BP target of less than 120 mm Hg to be more beneficial than a target of less than 140 mm Hg for a ...References1. Cushman WC, Evans GW, Byington RP, Goff DC, Grimm RH, Cutler JA, et al; ACCORD Study Group. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1575-85. [PMID: 20228401] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Schrier RW, Estacio RO, Esler A, Mehler P. Effects of aggressive blood pressure control in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients on albuminuria, retinopathy and strokes. Kidney Int. 2002;61:1086-97. [PMID: 11849464] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Thompson AM, Hu T, Eshelbrenner CL, Reynolds K, He J, Bazzano LA. Antihypertensive treatment and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease events among persons without hypertension: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2011;305:913-22. [PMID: 21364140] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ashish Upadhyay, MD; Katrin Uhlig, MD, MSAffiliations: From Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M10-2790. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSystematic Review: Blood Pressure Target in Chronic Kidney Disease and Proteinuria as an Effect Modifier Ashish Upadhyay , Amy Earley , Shana M. Haynes , and Katrin Uhlig Blood Pressure Target in Chronic Kidney Disease and Proteinuria as an Effect Modifier Robert W. Schrier and Nuttha Lumlertgul Metrics 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3Page: 208KeywordsExcretionHeart failureHypertensionKidneysMicroalbuminuriaMyocardial infarctionProteinuriaStable coronary artery diseaseStrokeSystematic reviews ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Familial Sea-Blue Histiocytes With Acid Phosphatemia
Authors: Robert M. Blankenship
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Three siblings with splenomegaly, peripheral neuropathy, café au lait spots, and elevated serum acid phosphatase level also had multiple sea-blue histiocytes apparent on bone marrow examination. Elevated bone marrow acid phosphatase level and abnormal histiocytes were found in the father. There is a relationship of this new syndrome to other conditions associated with sea-blue histiocytes.
Osthole increases glycosylation of hepatitis B surface antigen and suppresses the secretion of hepatitis B virusin vitro
Authors: R Huang, C Chen, Y Huang, D Hsieh, C Hu, C Chang
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

During screening of Chinese herbal medicines for the activities against hepatitis B virus (HBV), a known pure compound, osthole, was found to inhibit the secretion of HBV surface antigens in vitro . The secretion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in culture medium of MS–G2 and HuH–7 cells transfected with HBV DNA decreased by 60% to 70% after osthole treatment, without any detectable cytotoxic effects. Both 42–nm Dane particles and 22–nm subviral HBsAg particles were significantly reduced as revealed by density gradient analysis of viral particles and the endogenous; HBV DNA polymerase assay. The production of naked HBcAg particles was not changed by osthole treatment. The steady–state level of HBV–specific messenger RNA (mRNA) was not altered by osthole treatment, as revealed by Northern blot analysis, Immunoprecipitation of culture medium showed that the ratio of glycosylated versus nonglycosylated HBsAg increased after osthole treatment. Kinetic studies revealed that osthole increased the glycosylation rate of HBsAg, thus altering the ratio of glycosylated to unglycosylated HBsAg. The increase of glycosylation of HBsAg by osthole was blocked by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of protein glycosylation. We conclude that osthole suppresses the secretion of HBV in cell culture probably because of its novel function in increasing the glycosylation of HBsAg.
BMJ's present policy (sometimes approving research in which patients have not given fully informed consent) is wholly correct
Authors: J. S Tobias
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Few if any issues engender such passionate–often acrimonious–disagreement among clinicians, ethicists, statisticians, and representatives of patient groups as does the continuing debate about informed consent and clinical research trials. In the blue corner: clinicians and biostatisticians keen to “move the field forward,” so to speak, and answer as quickly as possible the research question currently under investigation. In the red corner … just about everyone else. Anyone left in the centre? Only the hapless referee, in this case the somewhat perplexed journal, whose editorial board–constantly hectored from both sides–somehow has to give all parties a decent airing and ensure fair play.

Those arguing in favour of fully informed consent as an inviolable rule (except, perhaps, in very special circumstances) often point out the essential, non-negotiable nature of a patient's right to autonomy and self determination. Quite rightly they remind clinicians that patients now wish to participate in decisions concerning their own management, to a far greater degree than ever before. Indeed, over the past decade, the move towards fully informed consent for all participants in clinical trials has become increasingly difficult to resist and is now formalised in various guidelines.1 However, neither lawyers, ethicists, nor medical scientists have so far agreed precisely what this term actually means–though it is generally held to imply a full declaration of the competing treatment options for any patient participating in a clinical research study, particularly one which involves randomisation between two or more treatment options. Together with the full description of treatments, there should be an explanation of the possible side effects of both new and standard therapies and a clear explanation that the “choice” of treatment is no choice at all–in the conventional sense–but is no more than a computerised flip of the coin.

Most clinicians recognise that the anxious patient sitting …
The Clinical Application of Celiac and Superior Mesenteric Arteriography.
Authors: Stanley Baum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Abstracts1 October 1964The Clinical Application of Celiac and Superior Mesenteric Arteriography.Authors: Stanley Baum, M.D., Harris R. Clearfield, M.D., Moreye Nusbaum, M.D., and Henry J. Tumen, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, & Disclosure InformationPublication: Annals of Internal MedicineVolume 61, Number 4https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-804_3 Get AccessSubmit a CommentContributors must reveal any conflict of interest. Comments are moderated. Please see our information for authorsregarding comments on an Annals publication.Name (if multiple authors, separate names by comma)Name field is requiredComment TitleTitle field is requiredAffiliation & Institution (max characters: 200)Affiliations field is requiredCommentComment field is requiredPlease disclose any conflicts of interest or leave the box unchecked if you have noneDisclosure of Any Conflicts of InterestCancelSubmit
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of single doses of subcutaneous pegylated human G‐CSF mutant (Ro 25‐8315) in healthy volunteers: Comparison with single and multiple daily doses of filgrastim
Authors: Phillippe van der Auwera, Erich Platzer, Z.‐X. Xu, Rainer Schulz, Olivier Feugeas, Renaud Capdeville, David J. Edwards
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Ro 25-8315 is produced by conjugation of rhG-CSF mutant with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The purpose of this study was to examine the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of Ro 25-8315 in comparison with Filgrastim (rhG-CSF). Subjects received single subcutaneous doses of Ro 25-8315 ranging from 10 to 150 microg/kg using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design. Filgrastim was administered as a single dose (5 or 10 microg/kg) and, following a 14-day washout period, daily for 7 days. Ro 25-8315 increased absolute neutrophil count (ANC) by 6- to 8-fold and CD34+ cell count more than 30-fold at the highest doses tested. Single doses (60-150 microg/kg) of Ro 25-8315 and multiple doses of Filgrastim had similar effects on ANC and CD34+, although Ro 25-8315 had a greater effect on CFU-GM. The pharmacokinetics of Ro 25-8315 were dose-dependent, with peak concentrations and area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) increasing 100-fold over the range of doses studied. Time to reach peak concentration (T(max)) and half-life of Ro 25-8315 averaged 20-30 hr at all doses, approximately three times longer than with Filgrastim. Adverse events were not serious and occurred with similar frequency with both products. Pegylation of rhG-CSF mutant results in more desirable pharmacokinetic properties and a longer duration of action with effective increases in ANC and measures of peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization for at least 1 week.
Signaling Molecules in Nonfamilial Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Lingling Du, Christopher C. Sullivan, Danny Chu, Augustine J. Cho, Masakuni Kido, Paul L. Wolf, Jason X.-J. Yuan, Reena Deutsch, Stuart W. Jamieson, Patricia A. Thistlethwaite
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Biochemical, genetic, and clinical evidence indicates that smooth-muscle proliferation around small pulmonary vessels is an essential part of the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) have been linked to familial cases of pulmonary hypertension, but the molecular basis of the common nonfamilial forms is unknown.
Propofol sedation with bispectral index monitoring is useful for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a randomized prospective phase II clinical trial
Authors: T. Sasaki, S. Tanabe, M. Azuma, A. Sato, A. Naruke, K. Ishido, C. Katada, K. Higuchi, W. Koizumi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a standard treatment. However, the treatment time tends to be relatively long and insufflation and manipulation of the endoscope can increase pain and discomfort. We aimed to find an optimal method for sedation during ESD.Patients scheduled to undergo ESD for early gastric cancer or adenoma were randomly assigned to sedation with midazolam or propofol, and consciousness level was evaluated by bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. Primary end points of effectiveness (three parameters) and secondary end points of safety during ESD and after return to the ward were compared between the groups. Study registration was in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN 000001497), and the institutional trial number was KDOG 0801.From June 2008 through June 2009, we enrolled 178 patients (90 midazolam, 88 propofol). Regarding safety after ESD, recovery was significantly better in the propofol group immediately after and at 1 hour and 2 hours after return to the ward (P < 0.001). The number of patients who required a continuous supply of oxygen 2 hours after returning to the ward was significantly lower in the propofol group (midazolam 18; propofol 6; P = 0.010). Though propofol seemed to be better for effectiveness and safety, there were no statistically significant differences for all three primary end points and the safety parameters (hypotension, hypoxia, bradycardia).Propofol with BIS monitoring improved recovery of patients after ESD, though this study was underpowered to prove the effectiveness and safety of propofol.
Neutropenia and Hemolytic Anemia in a Homosexual Man
Authors: Peter Zauber, Young K. Park
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1983Neutropenia and Hemolytic Anemia in a Homosexual ManPETER ZAUBER, M.D., YOUNG K. PARK, M.D.PETER ZAUBER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, YOUNG K. PARK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-6-1029_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Morris and associates have reported autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura in 11 homosexual patients (1). We now report a case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and neutropenia in a homosexual patient.A 30-year-old black homosexual man was hospitalized complaining of fever, diarrhea, and a 30-pound weight loss over 1 month. He used amyl nitrite but denied intravenous drug use or multiple sex partners. A male homosexual cousin had recently died with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.He was thin, afebrile, and had oral thrush. His lungs were clear and there was no adenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Culture of the oral cavity was positive...References1. MORRISDISTENFELDAMOROSI LAE. Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in homosexual men. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:714-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. MASURMICHELISGREENE HMJ. An outbreak of community-acquired pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:1431-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. AISENBERGWILKESHARRIS ABN. Chronic T-cell lymphocytosis with neutropenia: a report of a case studied with monoclonal antibody. Blood. 1981;58:818-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MELIEFGRIENDRUMKE CRH. Proliferation of T ᵧ cells with killer-cell activity in patients with neutropenia [Letter]. N Engl J Med. 1980;303:882-3. Google Scholar5. FITZ-HUGHKRUMBHAAR TE. Myeloid cell hyperplasia of bone marrow in agranulocytic angina. Am J Med Sci. 1932;183:104-10. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByErythrocyte antibodies in AIDS are associated with mycobacteriosis and hypergammaglobulinemiaAutoimmune Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) InfectionThe Coombs' Test and the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSUDHIR GUPTA, M.D., KENRICK LICORISH, M.D. 1 June 1983Volume 98, Issue 6Page: 1029-1029KeywordsDrugsFeversHemolytic anemiaHepatosplenomegalyHomosexualsIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraLungsMouthNeutropeniaWeight loss Issue Published: 1 June 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Comparison of barium swallow and ultrasound in diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux in children.
Authors: D R Naik, A Bolia, D J Moore
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Fifty one infants and older children with suspected gastro-oesophageal reflux entered a study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of a standard barium swallow examination with that of ultrasound scanning. All children were examined by both techniques. In 40 cases there was unequivocal agreement between the examinations. Of the remaining patients, four had definite reflux by ultrasonic criteria but showed no evidence of reflux on barium swallow examination, four had positive findings on ultrasound but showed only minimal reflux on barium swallow, and one showed minimal reflux on ultrasound but had a negative barium meal result. In two children the ultrasound study was inconclusive. Ultrasound has an important role in the diagnosis and follow up of patients under the age of 5 years with gastro-oesophageal reflux.
Chaotic dynamics and psychophysical parallelism
Authors: Robert A. M. Gregson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

An impressive review of brain neurophysiology provides the basis for modelling the dynamics of transmission in neural circuits, using appropriate nonlinear mathematics. The coverage is unbalanced, however: the parallel dynamics at the level of behaviour and sensory-cognitive processes are sparsely addressed, so the final chapter fails to indicate the complexity and subtlety of relevant modern work.
Subendothelial retention of lipoprotein (a). Evidence that reduced heparan sulfate promotes lipoprotein binding to subendothelial matrix.
Authors: S Pillarisetti, L Paka, J C Obunike, L Berglund, I J Goldberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Vessel wall subendothelial extracellular matrix, a dense mesh formed of collagens, fibronectin, laminin, and proteoglycans, has important roles in lipid and lipoprotein retention and cell adhesion. In atherosclerosis, vessel wall heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) are decreased and we therefore tested whether selective loss of HSPG affects lipoprotein retention. A matrix synthesized by aortic endothelial cells and a commercially available matrix (Matrigel; , Rutherford, NJ) were used. Treatment of matrix with heparinase/heparitinase (1 U/ml each) increased LDL binding by approximately 1.5-fold. Binding of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] to both subendothelial matrix and Matrigel(R) increased 2-10-fold when the HSPG were removed by heparinase treatment. Incubation of endothelial cells with oxidized LDL (OxLDL) or lysolecithin resulted in decreased matrix proteoglycans and increased Lp(a) retention by matrix. The effect of OxLDL or lysolecithin on endothelial PG was abolished in the presence of HDL. The decrease in matrix HSPG was associated with production of a heparanase-like activity by OxLDL-stimulated endothelial cells. To test whether removal of HSPG exposes fibronectin, a candidate Lp(a) binding protein in the matrix, antifibronectin antibodies were used. The increased Lp(a) binding after HSPG removal was inhibited 60% by antifibronectin antibodies. Similarly, the increased Lp(a) binding to matrix from OxLDL-treated endothelial cells was inhibited by antifibronectin antibodies. We hypothesize that atherogenic lipoproteins stimulate endothelial cell production of heparanase. This enzyme reduces HSPG which in turn promotes Lp(a) retention.
Fatty liver hepatitis (steatohepatitis) and obesity: An autopsy study with analysis of risk factors
Authors: Ian R. Wanless, John S. Lentz
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Steatohepatitis (fatty liver hepatitis), histologically identical to alcoholic disease, occurs in some obese patients after jejunoileal bypass. A similar lesion occurs rarely in obese patients without bypass surgery, but the risk factors are poorly understood. Hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis were sought in 351 apparently nonalcoholic patients at autopsy and various risk factors were evaluated. Incidence of steatosis and steatohepatitis correlated with the degree of obesity. Steatohepatitis was found in 18.5% of markedly obese patients and 2.7% of lean patients. Additional risk factors for steatohepatitis were type II diabetes, weight loss in the preterminal period shortly before death and intravenous glucose therapy in the last week of life. Severe fibrosis was found in 13.8% of markedly obese patients and in 6.6% of lean patients; this difference was largely explained by the higher prevalence of diabetes in obese groups. The risk factors defined in this study are known to be associated with abnormalities of free fatty acid metabolism. Obesity, type II diabetes and intravenous glucose therapy are associated with hyperinsulinemia, which may inhibit fatty acid oxidation. Obesity and weight loss increase the presentation of fatty acids to the liver. Similar metabolic changes may occur in obese patients after jejunoileal bypass surgery. Thus this study supports the hypothesis that fatty acids have a role in the hepatocellular necrosis found in some obese individuals.
333. Preferential Targeting of Transcriptional Start Sites after Retroviral-Mediated T-Cell Gene Therapy for Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency
Authors: Daniele Moratto, Jayashree G. Jagadeesh, Akihiro Konno, Marita Bosticardo, Gregory E. Crawford, Ingeborg Holt, Linda M. Muul, Shepherd H. Shurman, Tyra Wolfsberg, Fabio Candotti
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Integrating gene transfer vectors based on murine oncoretroviruses have been widely used in clinical gene therapy trials to attempt correction of genetic diseases and provide novel therapeutic approaches for HIV-1 infection and cancer. However, the recent occurrence of uncontrolled lymphoproliferation in patients treated with retroviral gene transfer for X-linked severe combined immune deficiency has substantiated the risk of insertional oncogenesis associated with the clinical use of such vectors. Data on safety of retroviral T-cell-directed gene transfer is lacking, therefore we set out to analyze the pattern of retroviral integrations in a patient affected with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency who received eleven infusions retroviral vector-transduced cells between 1990 and 1992. No adverse events have been observed in this patient who still carries |[sim]|15|[ndash]|20% of gene-corrected peripheral blood lymphocytes. Genomic DNA was prepared from stored lymphocyte samples dating 1991, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2000, and 2003. By inverse PCR and ligation-mediated PCR, we have identified |[sim]|760 bona fide insertion sites. Search for homology within the human genome using BLAT returned |[sim]|275 unique hits that involved a variety of genes, including transcription factors and oncogenes (e.g. RUNX1, STAT5, FYN). We found high prevalence of integrations within 10 kb upstream and downstream of genes that was significantly different (p<0.001) from the distribution of 2000 randomly generated data sets. We also observed a particularly high prevalence of integrations within a 10 kb range around the 5' region of reference sequences (RefSeq). In addition, DNA regions targeted by retroviral integration were found to show higher sensitivity to DNase compared to random regions of the genome.
ANALYSIS OF ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSIES IN CARDIOMYOPATHIES: DIAGNOSTIC VALUE ON LEFT VERSUS RIGHT VENTRICULAR BIOPSY
Authors: Felicitas Escher, Uwe Kuhl, Dirk Lassner, Dirk Westermann, Wolfgang Poller, Carsten Tschoepe, Heinz-Peter Schultheiss
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)