tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Trial Acronyms
Authors: Paul I. Roda
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters4 December 2001Clinical Trial AcronymsPaul I. Roda, MDPaul I. Roda, MDNortheast Medical Oncology Associates, Inc.; Hazleton, PA 18201Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Berkwits's article on clinical trial acronyms (1) missed an equally fascinating use of acronyms, the naming of cytotoxic regimens. When I first entered training as a medical oncologist, we debated such cocktails as MOPP (Mustargen, Oncovin, prednisone, procarbazine) and CHOP (Cytoxan, hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, prednisone—an acronym that persists even though the second drug is now called doxorubicin). These acronyms became more and more complex as oncologists added a greater number of drugs with minimal activity to the recipes. However, we recognized the humor in this situation. A decade ago, a tongue-in-cheek presentation was made at an annual ...References1. Berkwits M. CAPTURE! SHOCK! EXCITE! Clinical trial acronyms and the “branding” of clinical research. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:755-62. [PMID: 0011074930] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Paul I. Roda, MDAffiliations: Northeast Medical Oncology Associates, Inc.; Hazleton, PA 18201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCAPTURE! SHOCK! EXCITE! Clinical Trial Acronyms and the “Branding” of Clinical Research Michael Berkwits Clinical Trial Acronyms Tsung O. Cheng Clinical Trial Acronyms Michael Berkwits Metrics 4 December 2001Volume 135, Issue 11Page: 1005KeywordsClinical trialsDrugsProcarbazine ePublished: 4 December 2001 Issue Published: 4 December 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Determinants of outcome of compensated hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis
Authors: Lawrence Serfaty, Hugues Aumaître, Olivier Chazouillères, Anne-Marie Bonnand, Olivier Rosmorduc, Renée E. Poupon, Raoul Poupon
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of decompensation (ascites, jaundice, variceal bleeding, and encephalopathy), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and death or liver transplantation in patients with compensated hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis, taking into account the viral genotype and interferon (IFN) therapy. Between 1989 and 1994, 668 patients with no clinical evidence of decompensation were referred to our department for liver biopsy because of positivity for anti-HCV antibodies and elevated aminotransferase activity; 103 of these patients had cirrhosis. The median follow-up was 40 months. Fifty-nine patients were treated with IFN for a mean duration of 11 ± 6 months; 3 (5%) had a prolonged biochemical and virological response. Baseline characteristics of IFN-treated and untreated patients were not significantly different. HCV genotypes (InnoLiPa) were predominantly 1b (48%) and 3a (20%). During follow-up, complications of cirrhosis occurred in 26 patients, HCC in 11 patients, and decompensation not related to HCC in 19 patients. Sixteen patients died, 94% of liver disease. Three patients were transplanted for liver failure. The 4-year risk of HCC was 11.5% (annual incidence 3.3%) and that of decompensation was 20%. Survival probability was 96% and 84% at 2 and 4 years, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the absence of IFN therapy was the only independent factor predictive both for HCC and decompensation. A low albumin level at entry and the absence of IFN therapy were the two independent factors predictive of death or liver transplantation. Probability of survival at 2 and 4 years was significantly different between IFN-treated and untreated patients (respectively 97% and 92% vs 95% and 63%, P &lt; .0001). In conclusion, in patients with compensated HCV-related cirrhosis: 1) complications of cirrhosis are frequent, whatever the viral genotype; and 2) the severity of cirrhosis and the absence of IFN therapy are independently predictive of bad outcome
Should health policy focus on physical inactivity rather than obesity? No
Authors: T. P. Gill, L. A. Baur, L. A. King
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Richard Weiler and colleagues</b> (doi:10.1136/bmj.c2603) argue that losing weight is not essential to get benefit from physical activity, but <b>Timothy Gill and colleagues</b> believe that tackling all the causes of obesity is essential to improve public health
A RESISTANT VARIANT OF MUMPS VIRUS
Authors: Harold S. Ginsberg, Frank L. Horsfall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1949)

Serial passage of mumps virus in the presence of inhibitory quantities of the capsular polysaccharide of Friediänder bacillus type B results in the appearance of a variant strain of the virus. Multiplication of the variant virus is not inhibited by the polysaccharide. A similar resistant variant is obtained with polysaccharide in a single cycle of multiplication when very large inocula of mumps virus are employed. The resistant variant is indistinguishable from the parent strain as to infectivity, reactivity with erythrocytes, and immunological properties, but appears to have a somewhat slower rate of multiplication. Serial passage of the resistant variant in the absence of polysaccharide results in the reappearance of a sensitive strain. It is suggested that mumps virus populations are inhomogeneous; that naturally occurring variants are present in such populations and possess distinctive properties; that the use of a chemical inhibitor of mumps virus multiplication makes possible the selection of a variant possessing a predictable property. The findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of inhibition of mumps virus multiplication by polysaccharide.
Clearance of inhaled particles in ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: D R Farquhar, M J Chamberlain, G A McCain, W K Morgan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis may uncommonly develop apical fibrobullous lung disease, the cause of which is unknown. It is postulated here that rigidity of the thoracic cage leads to reduced apical clearance of inhaled particles and may thereby predispose to chronic infection. Deposition and clearance of inhaled technetium-99m sulphur colloid particles were studied in eight male patients with ankylosing spondylitis who had chest wall rigidity (mean (SD) chest expansion 1.8 (1.07) cm) but normal chest radiographs. As a reference population eight healthy male volunteers were also studied. Particle deposition showed an increasing gradient from apex to base, with no significant difference between patients and controls. Clearance was assessed by comparing absolute counts, corrected for decay, at 24 hours with the baseline values. No delay in particle clearance in those with ankylosing spondylitis was apparent.
Co-publishing Cochrane Library systematic reviews: journal editor and Cochrane Skin Group author experiences
Authors: R.E. Greene, S.R. Freeman, K. Lundahl, R.P. Dellavalle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Co‐publishing Cochrane Library systematic reviews: journal editor and Cochrane Skin Group author experiences Get access R.E. Greene, R.E. Greene Departments of Dermatology and Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.R. Freeman, S.R. Freeman Departments of Dermatology and Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Lundahl, K. Lundahl Departments of Dermatology and Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.P. Dellavalle R.P. Dellavalle Departments of Dermatology and Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, U.S.A.Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1055 Clermont Street, #165, Denver, CO 80220, U.S.A. Correspondence: R.P. Dellavalle. E‐mail: robert.dellavalle@uchsc.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 6, 1 June 2008, Pages 1380–1382, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08552.x Published: 01 June 2008
P62. Effectiveness of melatonin, IL-25 and siRNA IL-17B in growth control of breast cancer cell lines
Authors: G Bottaro Gelaleti, C Leonel, BV Perassi-Jardim, LC Ferreira, MG Moschetta, TF Borin, LB Maschio, GR Martins, AM Viloria-Petit, DAPC Zuccari
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Interleukin (IL)-25, a cytokine active in inflammatory processes and production of proinflammatory cytokines, is secreted by mammary epithelial non-malignant cells and induces apoptosis in tumour cells by differential expression of its receptor IL-17RB, highly expressed in
Effect of routine controlled cord traction as part of the active management of the third stage of labour on postpartum haemorrhage: multicentre randomised controlled trial (TRACOR)
Authors: C. Deneux-Tharaux, L. Sentilhes, F. Maillard, E. Closset, D. Vardon, J. Lepercq, F. Goffinet
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To assess the impact of controlled cord traction on the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage and other characteristics of the third stage of labour in a high resource setting. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting</b> Five university hospital maternity units in France. <b>Participants</b> Women aged 18 or more with a singleton fetus at 35 or more weeks' gestation and planned vaginal delivery. <b>Interventions</b> Women were randomly assigned to management of the third stage of labour by controlled cord traction or standard placenta expulsion (awaiting spontaneous placental separation before facilitating expulsion). Women in both arms received prophylactic oxytocin just after birth. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Incidence of postpartum haemorrhage ≥500 mL as measured in a collector bag. <b>Results</b> The incidence of postpartum haemorrhage did not differ between the controlled cord traction arm (9.8%, 196/2005) and standard placenta expulsion arm (10.3%, 206/2008): relative risk 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.79 to 1.15). The need for manual removal of the placenta was significantly less frequent in the controlled cord traction arm (4.2%, 85/2033) compared with the standard placenta expulsion arm (6.1%, 123/2024): relative risk 0.69, 0.53 to 0.90); as was third stage of labour of more than 15 minutes (4.5%, 91/2030 and 14.3%, 289/2020, respectively): relative risk 0.31, 0.25 to 0.39. Women in the controlled cord traction arm reported a significantly lower intensity of pain and discomfort during the third stage than those in the standard placenta expulsion arm. No uterine inversion occurred in either arm. <b>Conclusions</b> In a high resource setting, the use of controlled cord traction for the management of placenta expulsion had no significant effect on the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage and other markers of postpartum blood loss. Evidence to recommend routine controlled cord traction for the management of placenta expulsion to prevent postpartum haemorrhage is therefore lacking. <b>Trial registration</b> ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01044082.
Differential effects of cardiac hypertrophy and failure on right versus left ventricular calcium activation.
Authors: C L Perreault, O H Bing, W W Brooks, B J Ransil, J P Morgan
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

We studied calcium responsiveness of skinned muscle preparations from the right and left ventricles of rats with cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac hypertrophy plus failure. To test the hypothesis that differences in contractile function are due to changes in myofilament calcium responsiveness, we compared preparations from spontaneously hypertensive rats with cardiac failure, spontaneously hypertensive rats without cardiac failure, and age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto control rats 18-24 months of age. Rats with failure had pleural/pericardial effusions, left atrial thrombi, and right and left ventricular hypertrophy. Muscles were skinned by saponin (250 micrograms/ml) and activated with a series of calcium buffers. Data were plotted as pCa (-log[Ca2+]) versus isometric force and then fit to a modified Hill equation. Values for 50% maximal activation (calcium sensitivity), maximal calcium-activated force, and the slope of the calcium-force relation were compared. Our data indicate that with the development of hypertrophy, calcium sensitivity of left ventricular muscles remains unaffected, but maximal calcium-activated force is increased. In contrast, maximal calcium-activated force declines toward control levels with the development of left ventricular failure, despite the continued presence of significant hypertrophy. In the normotensive rats, the left ventricle is more sensitive to calcium than the right ventricle (pCa50 = 6.0 +/- 0.05 versus 5.7 +/- 0.09; p less than 0.05); however, both the calcium sensitivity and maximal calcium-activated force of the right ventricle increase with the development of compensatory hypertrophy secondary to left ventricular failure. These changes that occur in rats with cardiac hypertrophy and failure may represent important physiological adaptive mechanisms.
A CASE OF ABDOMINAL ANEURYSM WITH UNUSUAL FEATURES, OPERATED ON BY MEANS OF COLT'S APPARATUS
Authors: J. R. Collins, C. Braine-Hartnell
Journal: BMJ (1913)

his life been a farm labourer, and had enjoyed good lhealth with the exception of having attacks of "indigestion " and being subject to colds.During the past twelve months he had lost weight and hiad lately been troubled with obstinate constipation.He was at full wvork up.to tle day of his present illness and was accustomed in the course of his work to carry a sack of meal -weighing 2-cwt.On March 26tlh, 1912,
83 TREATMENT OF SEVERE ACUTE ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS (AAH) WITH CORTICOIDS PLUS N-ACETYL CYSTEINE (C+NAC) VERSUS CORTICOIDS ALONE (C): A MULTICENTRE, RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: E. Nguyen-Khac, T. Thevenot, M.-A. Piquet, S. Benferhat, O. Goria, D. Chatelain, B. Tramier, F. Dewaele, S. Ghrib, M. Rudler, N. Carbonell, H. Tossou, A. Bental, B. Bernard-Chabert, J.-L. Dupas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Model Contracts for Hospital Medical and Dental Staff
Authors: R. M. Mayon-White, S. C. Shanks
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Representative Meeting the B.M.A. will debate the annual retention fee for registra- tion on the Medical Register.The B.M.A. has already aired the prob- lem of a minority of doctors who wish to retire temporarily from medicine and who mav consider it unnecessary to remain on the Register-or who do not wish to pay the annual retention fee.Most of these will be young married women doctors with domestic commitments.The B.M.A. considered that the G.M.C. might feel able to include these
Relative roles of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the control of inhibin secretion in normal men.
Authors: R I McLachlan, A M Matsumoto, H G Burger, D M de Kretser, W J Bremner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The glycoprotein hormone inhibin is produced by the Sertoli cells of the testis under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and is postulated in turn to inhibit FSH secretion. Luteinizing hormone (LH) is not recognized to have an important role in the control of inhibin secretion in any species. To determine the relative roles of FSH and LH in the control of inhibin secretion in man, we examined the effects of selective FSH and LH replacement on serum inhibin levels in normal men whose endogenous gonadotropins were suppressed by testosterone (T). After a 3-mo control period, nine men received 200 mg T enanthate i.m. weekly for 3-9 mo. During T treatment, serum LH and FSH levels were markedly suppressed and serum inhibin levels fell to 40% of control values. While continuing T, 3-5 mo of treatment with purified hFSH (n = 4) or hLH (n = 4) increased the respective serum gonadotropin level into the upper normal range and significantly increased inhibin levels back to 64 and 55% of control values, respectively. Supraphysiological LH replacement with high doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (n = 3) returned serum inhibin levels to 63% of control values. In no case did inhibin levels return fully to control levels. In conclusion, serum inhibin levels fell during gonadotropin suppression and were partially and approximately equally restored by either FSH or LH treatment. FSH presumably acts directly on the Sertoli cell to increase inhibin secretion whereas LH may act via increases in intratesticular T levels and/or other factor(s).
Clinical management of benzodiazepine dependence
Authors: J Marks
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Winer et al found a negative correlation (-0 47; p<OOS) between gestational age and intelligence quotient at 4 and 7 years in small for dates children born to hypertensive women."We also found the negative correlation higher in association with maternal hypertension (-0 20) than with normo- tension (-0 06) and a higher correlation when previous babies had been of average birth weight (-0 41, p<005) than when they had been small (-0 06); since maternal constraint of fetal growth acts fairly regularly in any given woman,' 12 pathological factors are more likely to be associated with the former than the latter.The risk of intrauterine death increases when fetal growth rate is retarded.At any given birth weight between 750 g and 1500 g, below the 50th centile, perinatal mortality increases with increasing gestational age.'3 In addition, once fetal weight is below the 10th centile, and static, neonatal mortality is not decreased by a longer time in utero.'Thus early delivery may enhance the chances of survival of these high risk infants provided it is done under optimal conditions." Our own and other studies" also suggest that when pathological factors such as maternal hyper- tension are present early delivery may improve the chances of these children achieving their full potential thereafter.
A homoplasmic mitochondrial transfer Ribonucleic Acid mutation as a cause of maternally inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Robert W Taylor, Carla Giordano, Mercy M Davidson, Giulia d’Amati, Hugh Bain, Christine M Hayes, Helen Leonard, Martin J Barron, Carlo Casali, Filippo M Santorelli, Michio Hirano, Robert N Lightowlers, Salvatore DiMauro, Douglass M Turnbull
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
ESCULAPIUS ON THE FIELD OF BATTLE.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Esculapius on the field of battle! What an inspiring sentiment at this time and on this occasion! Esculapius, the fabled deity of medicine, engaged on the battlefield in directing his faithful disciples in bringing comfort to the dying and timely and efficient aid to the wounded, is indeed an idea conveying the loftiest, noblest, soul-inspiring subject. The disciples of Esculapius have followed and served every army since man has resorted to contest by force of arms to secure the real or imaginary rights of tribes and nations. Every battlefield bears testimony of their life-saving, humanitarian work. When battles were fought hand-to-hand, and by the use of the most primitive weapons of war, the Esculapians were there with their pots of boiling oil with which to stanch bleeding, with their crude instruments with which to extract arrows buried in the flesh of the wounded warriors, and with their bottles of wine
Nebivolol Exerts Beneficial Effects on Endothelial Function, Early Endothelial Progenitor Cells, Myocardial Neovascularization, and Left Ventricular Dysfunction Early After Myocardial Infarction Beyond Conventional β1-Blockade
Authors: Sajoscha A. Sorrentino, Carola Doerries, Costantina Manes, Thimoteus Speer, Chantal Dessy, Irina Lobysheva, Wazma Mohmand, Razma Akbar, Ferdinand Bahlmann, Christian Besler, Arnd Schaefer, Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner, Thomas F. Lüscher, Jean-Luc Balligand, Helmut Drexler, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Detailed IgG and IgE antibody patterns during immunotherapy with honey bee venom
Authors: T. Uhlin, S. L. Nordvall, S. ÖHman, R. Einarsson
Journal: Allergy (1987)

Fourteen patients with a known honey bee venom (HBV) allergy were followed during 1-2 years of immunotherapy. HBV-specific IgG antibody levels increased in all patients but one. HBV-specific IgE antibodies decreased slightly during the first year of therapy. The ratio HBV-specific IgG-/IgE showed a marked increase during the first year for most of the patients, and a further increase during the second year in the four patients followed that long. As could be expected an increased radiostaining was found after 1 year of treatment to all important allergens in IgG CRIE, but after 2 years a sustained or increased radiostaining was obtained to phospholipase (PLA) alone. A decreased radiostaining might more easily be seen with weaker immunogens.