tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tetanic contraction in mammalian cardiac muscle
Authors: A. H. Henderson, R. Forman, D. L. Brutsaert, E. H. Sonnenblick
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

Journal Article Tetanic contraction in mammalian cardiac muscle Get access A. H. Henderson, A. H. Henderson From the Cardiovascular Division, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Harward Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Forman, R. Forman From the Cardiovascular Division, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Harward Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. L. Brutsaert, D. L. Brutsaert From the Cardiovascular Division, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Harward Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. H. Sonnenblick E. H. Sonnenblick From the Cardiovascular Division, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Harward Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 5, Issue supp1, July 1971, Pages 96–100, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/5.supp1.96 Published: 01 July 1971
The Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor Elafin Triggers Rb-Mediated Growth Arrest and Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Joseph A. Caruso, Kelly K. Hunt, Khandan Keyomarsi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Elafin, an endogenous inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, is expressed in human mammary epithelial cells but is transcriptionally downregulated in breast cancer cells. We hypothesized that elafin may exert a tumor-suppressive activity in the context of breast cancer. In this study, we show that the retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway governs the antitumor properties of elafin. In breast cancer cells with functional Rb, the expression of elafin triggered Rb-dependent cell cycle arrest. Elafin also exhibited suppressive activity in breast cancer cell lines lacking Rb, but this was associated with an induction of caspase-3-dependent, p53-independent apoptotic cell death. Normal mammary epithelial cells were not affected by elafin. Collectively, these results argue that elafin mediates tumor-suppressive effects that are cytostatic or cytotoxic depending on the Rb status. Our findings suggest that elafin could be engineered as a therapeutic modality to treat breast cancer without toxicity to normal proliferating cells.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Authors: VINICIUS LUDWIG, WILLIAM H. MARTIN, DOMINIQUE DELBEKE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Purpose The purpose of the study was to review the causes of false-positive and false-negative captopril Tc-99m MAG3 renograms performed to evaluate renovascular hypertension at the authors’ institution. Methods From May 2000 to January 2002, 77 patients were referred for evaluation of possible renovascular hypertension with captopril Tc-99m MAG3 renography. If the findings of the captopril study were abnormal, a baseline study was performed 3 days later. The captopril studies were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with available renal arteriography, magnetic resonance angiography, and duplex Doppler sonography studies and clinical follow-up. Renal artery stenosis greater than 70% on an arteriogram and 60% on Doppler studies or magnetic resonance angiography was considered positive for renovascular hypertension. Results There were five false-negative and four false-positive studies. The five patients who had the false-negative captopril studies underwent arteriography, which showed renal artery stenosis, and a stent was placed in two of them. The four false-positive captopril studies were proved by negative arteriograms in three and negative magnetic resonance angiography in one. Three patients with false-positive studies had bilateral renal function impairment after captopril and were taking calcium channel blockers at the time of the captopril study. One patient had a left nephrectomy and was also taking calcium channel blockers. Conclusion Chronic intake of calcium channels blockers is a potential cause of bilateral symmetric false-positive captopril renography.
Japan to allow organ transplants
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The lower house of the Japanese parliament has voted to officially recognise the concept of brain death, paving the way for heart transplants to occur for the first time in the country.

Japan's major law making body voted by 320 to 148 to allow a person to be declared dead when his or her brain stops functioning. Previously, a person's heart had to stop for death to be declared, which made heart transplants impossible. …
ASSOCIATION OF ULTRASOUND CHARACTERISTICS, ANGIOGENESIS AND THERMAL HETEROGENEITY IN MILD ATHEROSCLEROTIC CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Maria I. Drakopoulou, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Constantina Aggeli, Konstantina Masoura, Felekos Ioannis, Charalampia Nikolaou, Andreas Synetos, Charalampos Grassos, Elias Siores, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Christodoulos I Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
DERMATOLOGY AS A SPECIALTY, AND ITS RELATION TO INTERNAL MEDICINE
Authors: GROVER W. WENDE
Journal: JAMA (1910)

It seems appropriate that my address, as chairman of the Section on Dermatology of the American Medical Association, should be devoted not so much to the refinements of a specialty as to the general and fundamental relations of this specialty to medicine as a whole. One by one the individual branches of medicine have been cut off the main trunk and cultivated exclusively by specialists. This process of the division of labor was inevitable and indispensable for advance through concentration of effort. But, as in all restricted effort, the very concentration tended to narrowness of observation and loss of perspective that impaired the broadest utilization of the observations made, both for the specialist and for the generalist. The specialist became too much a specialist and lost a capacity for the correlation of the minutiæ of his observations into generalizations. The generalist—and I mean by the generalist the scientific internist as well
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Human C-Reactive Protein Does Not Promote Atherosclerosis in Transgenic Rabbits”
Authors: Tomonari Koike, Ying Yu, Jifeng Zhang, Jianglin Fan, Yukio Ozaki, Shuji Kitajima, Kazutoshi Nishijima, Masatoshi Morimoto, Teruo Watanabe, Sucharit Bhakdi, Yujiro Asada, Y. Eugene Chen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The major question they raised was why human C-reactive protein (CRP) transgenic rabbits failed to exhibit other metabolic disorders, because emerging data support that CRP levels are elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome. 2It is well documented that elevated plasma CRP levels are associated with many pathological states such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome; however, these associations do not necessarily mean that high levels of CRP can cause these diseases.Indeed, population genetics studies have failed to link CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms to the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, although CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with marked increases in CRP levels. 3,4Also, there is no evidence to date to show that elevation of plasma CRP alone can lead to metabolic syndrome both clinically and experimentally.It is apparent that further experiments with appropriate large-animal models are required to investigate CRP functions in metabolic syndrome.Because metabolic syndrome is composed of several metabolic disorders (eg, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia), which are mediated by multiple genes and many environmental factors, it is unlikely that overexpression of a single CRP gene in animals can lead to all these abnormalities.In fact, we have recently transgenically expressed human CRP in hypertensive animals and found that in the setting of hypertension, CRP does exert certain detrimental effects on both lipid and glucose metabolism (unpublished data).Taken together, CRP functions in both physiology and pathophysiology remain to be further elucidated with genetically modified large animals, as we reported in the study.
FDG PET/CT of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland
Authors: Li-Chun Zheng, Xiang-Liu OuYang, Wen-Jun Zhang, Xiao-Ming Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thyroid gland is very rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Hereby we describe a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the thyroid that showed intense FDG activity on PET/CT in a 61-year-old woman who had partial thyroidectomy 5 years ago for a suspicious thyroid nodule that was diagnosed as neurofibroma pathologically.
IgG1 and IgG4 antibody responses to the dust mite <i>Lepidoglyphus destructor</i> in a naturally exposed farming population
Authors: E. Johansson, B. Härfast, S. G. O. Johansson, M. van Hage‐Hamsten
Journal: Allergy (1995)

The natural humoral immune response to the dust mite Lepidoglyphus destructor was assessed by comparing the IgG1 and IgG4 responses elicited in allergic ( n = 44) and healthy ( n = 16) individuals in a farming population chronically exposed to this allergen. With the aid of an immunoblotting technique and ELISA, the sera were analyzed for anti‐ L. destructor antibodies. While the majority of sera from the allergy group displayed several bands for both IgG1 and IgG4, the nonatopic healthy group was negative as analyzed in immunoblotting. When they were analyzed in ELISA, there was a significantly higher response in the allergy group than in the healthy group for IgG4, but not for IgG1. Taken together, these results imply that the immune system of individuals spared from allergic reactions to L. destructor not only lacks IgE antibodies but also seems largely to “ignore” these allergens/antigens despite exposure.
Autosomal-dominant B-cell deficiency with alopecia due to a mutation in NFKB2 that results in nonprocessable p100
Authors: Cindy Eunhee Lee, David A. Fulcher, Belinda Whittle, Rochna Chand, Nicole Fewings, Matthew Field, Daniel Andrews, Christopher C. Goodnow, Matthew C. Cook
Journal: Blood (2014)
How does blood glucose control with insulin save lives in intensive care?
Authors: Greet Van den Berghe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Patients requiring prolonged intensive care are at high risk for multiple organ failure and death. Insulin resistance and hyperglycemia accompany critical illness, and the severity of this "diabetes of stress" reflects the risk of death. Recently it was shown that preventing hyperglycemia with insulin substantially improves outcome of critical illness. This article examines some potential mechanisms underlying prevention of glucose toxicity as well as the effects of insulin independent of glucose control. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms will provide new insights into the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure and open avenues for novel therapeutic strategies.
Expediting Drug Development — The FDA's New “Breakthrough Therapy” Designation
Authors: Rachel E. Sherman, Jun Li, Stephanie Shapley, Melissa Robb, Janet Woodcock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

EMPOWERMENTcare defies conventional market logic. 5Health care is entangled in complex pricing systems that even most health care professionals do not understand.Trained in diagnosis and treatment, physicians have little education in counseling patients on options and economic issues.With more of their own dollars at risk, however, patients will eventually insist that health care providers deliver the value they expect from other businesses.This surge in consumerism has already stimulated the growth of retail delivery models.Companies including Wal-Mart, CVS Caremark, and Walgreens have entered the world of health care delivery, with capital, information technology, and national distribution systems.These firms offer convenient locations with standardized processes and are expert at managing cost and price.They are likely to be powerful change agents in this new era of health care consumerism and may encourage other companies to enter this large segment of the U.S. economy.As patients become more sophisticated purchasers of health care, they will push competition in health care delivery to look increasingly like that in consumer-goods industries.This competition could lead to product offerings that appeal to consumers with different needs.While some patients may seek greater odds of survival, others may seek a faster return to work or lower out-of-pocket costs.These options are at the core of "patient-centered" care.To move health care in this direction, public reporting must shift from "one size somewhat fits all" to an approach that reports metrics reflecting the varied concerns and preferences of consumers.With better information, millions more patients can become smart shoppers and, in the process, help bend the health care cost curve.
The death of Napoleon
Authors: M. Keynes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

It was with fascination that I read the paper ‘Channelling the Emperor: what really killed Napoleon?’(August 2004 JRSM1), but I must emphasize that despite its title it is only concerned with the immediate cause of Napoleon’s death. As indicated in my 1996 paper on Napoleon’s health,2 the Emperor first complained of nausea and upper abdominal discomfort after food in July 1820. The dyspepsia worsened to give loss of appetite, constant nausea, frequent vomiting, upper abdominal pain and constipation. There were periods of remission but the pain and vomiting became increasingly insistent. He lost weight and by the end of January 1821 could only manage fluid nourishment, finally taking to his bed on 17 March. On 27 April he vomited blood and his condition deteriorated with further bleeding and lapses into unconsciousness before death on 5 May.

At necropsy in front of sixteen observers including seven British doctors, of whom five signed the official report, the external surface of the stomach appeared healthy. On opening, however, it contained altered blood and almost its entire lining was cancerous: a scirrhous cancer had converted the stomach into a leather-bottle stomach with spread to the adjacent lymph nodes and with a perforation that had become sealed off. There was a family history of gastric carcinoma, and Napoleon realized he was dying of the same disease as his father and grandfather, remarking on 15 April, ‘I know the truth and I am resigned’.

Clinically the cause of death was clearly gastric carcinoma, but on the publication of my paper in 1996, I received abusive letters with accusations that Napoleon had died from deliberate arsenical poisoning. This theory had received encouragement in 1961 when some, though not all, samples of his hair were found to contain abnormal amounts of arsenic. Arsenic was used in medicaments such as Fowler’s and Donovan’s solutions, and liquor arsenicalis was still in use as a general tonic and for loss of appetite when I qualified. The drawing room at Longwood House in St Helena was redecorated in 1819, but a specimen of the wallpaper applied at that time contained only low levels of arsenic when analysed in 1982.

As the immediate cause of death from, say, carcinoma of the prostate may be cardiac failure, so the immediate cause of Napoleon’s death has now been explained to those who still believe he died from arsenic toxicity and not from a carcinoma of the stomach.
International Symposium on Non-steroidal Auto-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: M. Weatherall
Journal: BMJ (1965)

the medical founder of the col- lege of Physicians, London, and John Caius , Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Linacre an Caius were each in their day presidents of the College of Physicians.Linacre translated a number of Galen's writings from Greek into Latin. Cius wrote inter alia a valuable account of the fifth epidemic of sweating sickness in England (1552).He promoted the study of practical anatomy at Cambridge and London; and continued Linacre's work in enhancing the status and influence of English medicine through the College of Physicians.Professor O'Malley is a little surprised that these two men who learned their medicine in the progressive school of Padua, illumi- nated by the Renaissance, should still cling to the erroneous views of Galen.This is especially the case with Caius in anatomy, who had the advantage of working with Vesalius for eight months.Sir Roy Cameron, in his recent Linacre Lecture, has expressed further surprise that Linacre ignored Italian pathological evidence in relation to disease.
Indoor risk factors for asthma and wheezing among Seattle school children.
Authors: W C Maier, H M Arrighi, B Morray, C Llewellyn, G J Redding
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Indoor risk factors for physician-diagnosed asthma and wheezing in the past 12 months without previous asthma diagnosis were assessed in a survey of parents of 5-9-year-old Seattle primary school students. Among the 925 respondents, 106 (11%) reported a physician diagnosis of asthma, 66 (7%) had wheezing without diagnosis, and 753 (82%) were asymptomatic. After adjusting for age, sex, gender, ethnicity, medical history, socioeconomic status (SES) and parental asthma status, an increased risk of physician diagnosis of asthma was associated with household water damage, the presence of one or more household tobacco smokers, and at least occasional environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. Similarly, an increased risk of wheezing in the past 12 months among children without diagnosed asthma was associated with household water damage, presence of one or more household tobacco smokers, and occasional or more frequent ETS exposure. No increased risk of either condition was associated with gas, wood, or kerosene stove use, household mold, basement water, or wall/window dampness. Similarities in the indoor risk factors patterns between diagnosed asthma and wheezing without diagnosis suggested a similar etiology of these two conditions. The slightly higher association between ETS and asthma may indicate that parents of diagnosed asthmatics were more conscious of ETS, and were more likely to prohibit household smoking by resident smokers. Future research is needed to quantify which aspects of household water damage are related to respiratory illness.
Giant C-V Waves of Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Habib ur Rehman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 33-year-old woman who had received a diagnosis of tricuspid valve endocarditis caused by MRSA was evaluated for replacement of the tricuspid valve. Videos show giant systolic pulsations during jugular venous examination and severe tricuspid regurgitation during transthoracic ECG.
Food Technology
Authors: Allen S Levine, Ted P Labuza, J. E. Morley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

HISTORICALLY, physicians have not been exposed to the subject of food technology. The limited contact that they have had with this area of modern technology has been in relation to food-borne illness and to some toxic effects of foods. This introduction to food technology should help make physicians aware of the changes that occur in foods as a result of manufacturing, the effects of food technology on health, and the laws governing this industry.Food PreservationFood may deteriorate because of microbiologic, physical, chemical, or enzyme-induced decay. Such losses in food quality occur both before and after harvesting or slaughter. . . .
Intravenous Nitroglycerin and Ethanol Intoxication
Authors: Scott H. Korn, Joyce B. Comer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1985Intravenous Nitroglycerin and Ethanol IntoxicationSCOTT H. KORN, M.D., JOYCE B. COMER, Pharm. D.SCOTT H. KORN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOYCE B. COMER, Pharm. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-2-274_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Shook and associates (1) have reported in a recent issue two cases of ethanol intoxication in patients receiving high doses of intravenous nitroglycerin.We have had occasion to make relevant observations in a 69-year-old man with documented three-vessel coronary disease admitted to our intensive care unit with prolonged episodes of chest pain and diaphoresis accompanied by ST segment elevation in leads V3-6. Despite the administration of nifedipine and propranolol, the patient required an infusion of intravenous nitroglycerin (Tridil; American Critical Care, McGraw Park, Illinois) at a rate of 2000 µg/min (1600 mg/L at 75 mL/h) to alleviate...References1. SHOOKKIRSHENBAUMHUNDLEYSHOREYLAMAS TJRJG. Ethanol intoxication complicating intravenous nitroglycerin therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:498-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. DALYCAMANNDAWLEYO'ROURKE TWDM. "Cocktail"—Coronary Care [Letter]. N Engl J Med. 1984;310:1123. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BAASKEAMANNKARNATZ DAN. Administration set suitable for use with intravenous nitroglycerin. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1982;39:121. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. MUTCHCULLIGANCOTETHOMSON WJDI. Hemodynamic effects of intravenous nitroglycerin: importance of the delivery system. Anesth Analg. 1982;61:927-32. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. LOUISKUTTMCDOWELL SHF. The cardiocirculatory changes caused by intravenous dilantin and its solvent. Am Heart J. 1967;74:523. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHämodynamisch wirksame MedikamenteNitrates, organicDrugs Used to Treat Hypertension, Heart Failure, and Angina PectorisNitrates, organicDrug Interactions with Medicinal PlasticsInfluence of ethanol on the delivery of intravenous nitroglycerin solutionsPharmaceutical ExcipientsPropylene glycol-induced side effects during intravenous nitroglycerin therapyMethemoglobin levels following sublingual nitroglycerin in human volunteersAntianginal and β-adrenoceptor blocking drugs 1 February 1985Volume 102, Issue 2Page: 274-274KeywordsCritical careEthanolIntensive care unitsIntoxicationIschemia Issue Published: 1 February 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Pregnancy's toll in the developing world
Authors: A Tonks
Journal: BMJ (1994)

found and those few cases in which time suggests that the scan may have given a false negative result.What about other joints?In the shoulder arthroscopy has proved its value in the evaluation and treatment of a wide variety of disorders, especially instability or abnormalities of the rotator cuff.Open operations on the rotator cuff and even conventional procedures for recurrent dislocation seem likely to follow open meniscectomy into historical obscurity.Arthroscopy is also useful in managing loose bodies of the elbow and the ankle, as well as disorders of the ligaments and the synovium.A few experts are now using arthroscopy to revolutionise our concepts of pain and instability in the wrist.This is an area of previous clinical neglect which the arthroscope has opened up-but these are not easy operations and not for the occasional surgeon.And the complication rates recorded with endoscopic carpal tunnel release indi- cate that this procedure should not as yet go out on general release.For the time being the verdict should be that arthroscopy of the shoulder, ankle, elbow, hip, and smaller joints offers diagnostic accuracy and scope for minimally invasive surgery, but these procedures should be confined to very experienced, expert hands.