tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of T-cell activation after bronchial allergen challenge in patients with atopic asthma☆☆☆★★★
Authors: Maria L. Lara-Marquez, Aaron Deykin, Stephen Krinzman, James Listman, Elliot Israel, Hongzhen He, David Christiani, David L. Perkins, Patricia W. Finn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Cervical cancer is still missed, despite the availability of screening
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Failure to be screened is the main reason why women who have comprehensive healthcare insurance still develop invasive cervical cancer, says a large study of the members of seven comprehensive prepaid healthcare plans in the United States, which have a combined membership of more than eight million people.

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Squamous carcinoma (above) is easier to detect in screening than adenocarcinoma

Credit: E WALKER/SPL

Dr M Michele Manos, lead author of the study, which was published …

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Digitalis and Atrial Tachycardia with Block
Authors: Bernard Lown, Frank Marcus, Harold D. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

DIGITALIS intoxication is a serious problem in the management of patients with congestive heart failure. Although numerous recent reports emphasize the increasing frequency of digitalis poisoning, there is as yet little appreciation of the digitalis-induced atrial arrhythmias. These disorders generally represent far advanced intoxication. It is currently taught that digitalis is the drug of choice in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias. Obviously, its use to combat digitalis-induced atrial tachycardia is fraught with hazard and may lead to increasing decompensation and even death.The prototype of the atrial arrhythmias due to digitalis overdosage is paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with block. It is . . .
Patient involvement in agenda setting for respiratory research in the Netherlands: Table 1–
Authors: Janneke Elberse, Dorothee Laan, Tjard de Cock Buning, Truus Teunissen, Jacqueline Broerse, Willem de Boer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

To the Editors:

Would it be beneficial to actively involve people with a respiratory condition in identifying and setting respiratory research priorities? Research priorities are traditionally set by medical and scientific experts, and it is often argued that this should remain unchanged since it gave rise to the development of high-quality knowledge, medical innovations and the improvement of quality of life [1]. Patients are often considered subjective, knowing little about health research. Furthermore, patient involvement would cost additional time and money [1]. So why would one consider giving patients a voice in setting research priorities? Different arguments are described in a growing body of literature addressing patient participation. First, there are indications that research priorities from experts differ from those of patients [2–4]. To become more responsive to patients’ needs, it would be vital to involve patients in identifying priorities. Patients’ “experiential knowledge”, can complement scientific or medical knowledge [3, 5, 6]. Secondly, the process itself becomes more democratic [2, 5]. Furthermore, patient involvement in decision making can lead to better acceptance of these decisions and outcomes. These arguments have inspired a growing number of funding agencies, including the European Union, to involve patients in research.

A pioneer in involving patients research is the Netherlands Asthma Foundation (NAF). To be more democratic, responsive to patients’ needs and to improve societal relevance of their research agenda, NAF involved in 2004, besides scientific and medical experts, people with asthma and/or COPD in setting their research agenda [7, 8]. In a facilitated process, patients articulated needs and prioritised research topics in a well-argued way. Patients did not, as was expected by some experts, just prioritise care research, social research or focus only on their …
Internet pornography is an urgent public health issue, conference hears
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2014)

UK public health professionals must fight the harm being done by internet pornography and the media’s “sexualisation” of youngsters, a US expert has warned.

Pamela Luna, a governing councillor of the American Public Health Association, appealed for urgent action by counterparts at the UK Faculty of Public Health’s annual conference. She said, “I feel we have left our kids vulnerable; as adults we’ve missed something, which is what is happening in the media.” Public health doctors needed to tackle the problem as a top priority, she said. 

Luna was speaking in a debate in Manchester on 2 July that followed a screening of five films by the faculty’s public health film specialist interest group. These films …
The Seventh International Cochrane Colloquium—Rome, 5–9 October 1999
Authors: Frank Davidoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Editorials6 July 1999The Seventh International Cochrane Colloquium—Rome, 5–9 October 1999Frank Davidoff, MDFrank Davidoff, MDEditor (Davidoff)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-1-199907060-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Annals is again pleased to be an official sponsor of the International Colloquium of the Cochrane Collaboration. The roots of the word “colloquium” extend back more than 2000 years to the Latin—col, meaning “together,” and loqui, meaning “to speak.” It is entirely fitting therefore that the Seventh International Colloquium will be held this year in Rome, from 5–9 October 1999. The word “colloquium” is also particularly apposite to the Collaboration, whose purpose is to search out and combine the results of the best clinical studies (largely randomized, controlled trials). By doing so it lets those studies “speak” together rather than ...Reference1. Silagy C. Introduction to the new edition. The post-Cochrane agenda: consumers and evidence. In: Cochrane AL. Effectiveness and Efficiency. Random Reflections on Health Services. London: Royal Society of Medicine; 1999:xix-xxx. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Editor (Davidoff) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 1Page: 64KeywordsClinical trialsDatabasesHealth information technologyInformation technologySystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 July 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Characterization of a canine long-term T cell line (DLC 01) established from a dog with Sézary syndrome and producing retroviral particles
Authors: I Ghernati, C Auger, L Chabanne, A Corbin, C Bonnefont, JP Magnol, C Fournel, A Rivoire, JC Monier, D Rigal
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Vergleichende Untersuchungen endoskopischer und szintigraphischer Befunde am Magen
Authors: E. Seifert, H. Hundeshagen, F. Paul, F. Schmidt, A. Dittmann
Journal: Endoscopy (1971)

Studies of endoscopic and scintigrafic findings (performed by99mTc) in 129 patients with upper abdominal complaints showed that scanning defects could be found in 3 out of 4 patients with circumscribed gastric lesions; however, false positive scanning results were obtained in 42% of all endoscopically normal stomachs and in 54% of all patients who had no demonstrable circumscribed active gastric lesion at the time of the examination.
Myocarditis in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Occurrence with hemolytic anemia and extraordinary titers of cold isohemagglutinins
Authors: M. el-Khatib
Journal: JAMA (1975)

INFECTIONS with<i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i>have infrequently been associated with myopericarditis.<sup>1</sup>We recently treated a 20-year-old college student with severe<i>M pneumoniae</i>pneumonia involving four lobes of the lungs. In the third week of his illness, he developed myopericarditis requiring coronary unit care. Simultaneously, hemolysis and unprecedented high titers of cold hemagglutinins occurred. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old college student became ill on Nov 15, 1973. Symptoms included headache, fever, chills, pleurisy, and nonproductive cough. Chest x-ray film showed bilateral pneumonia involving right upper and middle and both lower lobes. He was admitted to Cottage Hospital in Grosse Pointe, Mich. Hemoglobin value was 14.2 gm/100 ml, and white blood cell (WBC) count was 4,900/cu mm, with a shift to the left and toxic granules within neutrophils. Although the patient received a variety of antibiotics (penicillin G potassium, ampicillin sodium, carbenicillin disodium, and gentamicin sulfate), his condition did not improve.
Uncertainty is likely to persist, but some knowledge would be better than none
Authors: G. Young
Journal: BMJ (1996)

We do not know whether birth at home is safer or less safe than birth in hospital. This ignorance will surprise pregnant women, who are presented with strong opinions, usually against home birth but occasionally for. Neither side is able to provide much useful evidence to support its case.

A randomised controlled trial could have been carried out in the 1950s. Austin Bradford Hill had shown the way.1 Alas, it was not. Government reports …
Recurrent finding of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene in eosinophilia-associated acute myeloid leukemia and lymphoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Authors: G Metzgeroth, C Walz, J Score, R Siebert, S Schnittger, C Haferlach, H Popp, T Haferlach, P Erben, J Mix, M C Müller, H Beneke, L Müller, F Del Valle, W E Aulitzky, G Wittkowsky, N Schmitz, C Schulte, K Müller-Hermelink, E Hodges, S J Whittaker, F Diecker, H Döhner, P Schuld, R Hehlmann, A Hochhaus, N C P Cross, A Reiter
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase deficiency. A missense mutation near the active site of an anti-inflammatory phospholipase.
Authors: D M Stafforini, K Satoh, D L Atkinson, L W Tjoelker, C Eberhardt, H Yoshida, T Imaizumi, S Takamatsu, G A Zimmerman, T M McIntyre, P W Gray, S M Prescott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Deficiency of plasma platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase is an autosomal recessive syndrome that has been associated with severe asthma in Japanese children. Acquired deficiency has been described in several human diseases usually associated with severe inflammation. PAF acetylhydrolase catalyzes the degradation of PAF and related phospholipids, which have proinflammatory, allergic, and prothrombotic properties. Thus, a deficiency in the degradation of these lipids should increase the susceptibility to inflammatory and allergic disorders. Miwa et al. reported that PAF acetylhydrolase activity is absent in 4% of the Japanese population, which suggests that it could be a common factor in such disorders, but the molecular basis of the defect is unknown. We show that inherited deficiency of PAF acetylhydrolase is the result of a point mutation in exon 9 and that this mutation completely abolishes enzymatic activity. This mutation is the cause of the lack of enzymatic activity as expression in E. coli of a construct harboring the mutation results in an inactive protein. This mutation as a heterozygous trait is present in 27% in the Japanese population. This finding will allow rapid identification of subjects predisposed to severe asthma and other PAF-mediated disorders.
Risk factors and prognosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection in critically ill patients: a multicenter study
Authors: Jose Garnacho-Montero, Teresa Aldabó-Pallás, Mercedes Palomar-Martínez, Jordi Vallés, Benito Almirante, Rafael Garcés, Fabrio Grill, Miquel Pujol, Cristina Arenas-Giménez, Eduard Mesalles, Ana Escoresca-Ortega, Marina de Cueto, Carlos Ortiz-Leyba
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2008)
Molecular alterations at chromosome 9p21 in melanocytic naevi and melanoma
Authors: M.C. Sini, A. Manca, A. Cossu, M. Budroni, G. Botti, P.A. Ascierto, F. Cremona, A. Muggiano, S. D’Atri, M. Casula, P. Baldinu, G. Palomba, A. Lissia, F. Tanda, G. Palmieri
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Background The chromosome 9p21 and its CDKN locus, with the p16 tumour suppressor gene (CDKN2A), are recognized as the genomic regions involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma. Objectives To elucidate further the role of such regions during the different phases of melanocytic tumorigenesis. Methods Tissue sections from naevi, primary and metastatic melanomas were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization for allelic loss at the 9p21 chromosome and by immunochemistry for p16CDKN2A expression. Results Dysplastic naevi and primary or secondary melanomas were found to carry hemizygous deletions within the entire 9p21 region at similar frequencies (varying from 55% to 62%). Allelic deletion spanning the CDKN locus was observed at significantly increased rates moving from early (7%) to advanced (28%) primary melanomas and to secondary melanoma lesions (37%) (P =0·018). Also, inactivation of the p16 gene (CDKN2A) was absent in naevi and present at steadily increasing rates moving from primary melanomas (7% early lesions to 17% advanced lesions) to melanoma metastases (62%) (P =0·004). Conclusions Our findings indicate that, in a model of sequential accumulation of genetic alterations, 9p21 deletions may play a role in melanocytic transformation and tumour initiation whereas rearrangements at the CDKN locus, and p16 gene (CDKN2A) inactivation may contribute to tumour progression.
Acute Myocardiopathy Following Tripathway Exposure to Methylenedianiline
Authors: Lee J. Brooks
Journal: JAMA (1979)

METHYLENEDIANILINE (MDA), or 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, has been used for more than 30 years in the plastics and rubber industry as an epoxy resin hardener. Its acute hepatotoxic properties following absorption via the oral and percutaneous routes have been well established.<sup>1-3</sup>Acute myocardial involvement in addition to the expected hepatitis following intense MDA exposure has not been previously appreciated. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man was admitted to Buffalo (NY) Children's Hospital for chest and abdominal pain of five days' duration. He had been employed for two weeks at a chemical plant, where he handled large quantities of MDA. Six days prior to admission, a malfunction in the air filtering system had resulted in the spewing of MDA, in the form of a yellow dust, into the air. While the filter was being repaired, the patient had taken down the top of his protective full-sleeve coveralls and lunched, sweating in
Essential Hypertension as an Endocrine Disease
Authors: Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This book almost accomplishes what its editors set out to do— "gather together in one volume a selection of the pieces of evidence suggesting that there are significant endocrine abnormalities in patients with essential hypertension." The contributors, all actively involved in research on hormones and hypertension, cover almost all of the known hormones in 13 chapters, most of which are thorough reviews of the evidence available through early 1984. A few chapters, such as M. J. Brown's on epinephrine, are concise, crisp, and critical. A few, such as Williams and Hollenberg's on adrenal and renal responses to angiotensin II, put together disparate data that have only been published in fragments, so that a clearer view of the entire area is provided. As with almost all multiauthored books but less so than with most, the coverage is both incomplete and repetitive; incomplete in that some areas, eg, parathyroid hormone, atrial natriuretic
The Respiratory Chain Supercomplex Organization Is Independent of COX7a2l Isoforms
Authors: Arnaud Mourier, Stanka Matic, Benedetta Ruzzenente, Nils-Göran Larsson, Dusanka Milenkovic
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)

The organization of individual respiratory chain complexes into supercomplexes or respirasomes has attracted great interest because of the implications for cellular energy conversion. Recently, it was reported that commonly used mouse strains harbor a short COX7a2l (SCAFI) gene isoform that supposedly precludes the formation of complex IV-containing supercomplexes. This claim potentially has serious implications for numerous mouse studies addressing important topics in metabolism, including adaptation to space flights. Using several complementary experimental approaches, we show that mice with the short COX7a2l isoform have normal biogenesis and steady-state levels of complex IV-containing supercomplexes and consequently have normal respiratory chain function. Furthermore, we use a mouse knockout of Lrpprc and show that loss of complex IV compromises respirasome formation. We conclude that the presence of the short COX7a2l isoform in the commonly used C57BL/6 mouse strains does not prevent their use in metabolism research.
Planning your life and career
Authors: N. Steel
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Few of us spend any time planning how we wish to lead our lives. Our next car or holiday maybe, but not life. It can seem too full of accidental results to waste time preparing for them. However, as 200 obstetric registrars who have recently caught the whangdepootenawah know very well, it is the uncertainties of life that we need to plan for (Ambrose Bierce defines whangdepootenawah as “an unexpected affliction that strikes hard”1). Knowing your priorities is an essential part of this preparation, or, as Louis Pasteur would say, “le hasard ne favorise que les esprits prNparNs” (chance favours only the prepared mind).2

The balance of work and other activities for most doctors has changed in recent years. Doctors have traditionally viewed long hours and overwork as an essential badge of dedication and achievement. Taking the full whack of annual leave or getting home before the children are asleep can still be considered ungentlemanly. Such singleminded dedication seldom makes for happy doctors, and recognition is mounting that job satisfaction is a better predictor of work quality than long hours on site. Work and personal life can be mutually beneficial.3 

It is important to take a systematic approach to increasing control over your career destiny so that opportunities can be seized and developed. I offer an example of such an approach to develop the necessary insight and strategy. After …
Endocarditis Caused by Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: JUDITH AXELROD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Lactobacilli are considered nonpathogenic members of the human bacterial flora, and only eight serious infections have previously been described. This is the first documented episode of Lactobacillus plantarum endocarditis in the United States. The biochemical and growth characteristics and pleomorphic form on Gram stain were consistent with those of Erysipelothrix or Lactobacillus. Identification was made by growth of the organism on tomato-juice agar, lack of motility in gelatin at 22 °C and 37 °C, and failure to agglutinate with commercial E. insidiosa antiserum. The infection in a previously healthy 44-year-old woman had its source in the oral cavity and followed a dental procedure. Despite in-vitro sensitivity to 1 U/ml of penicillin, response to 24 × 106 U/day was inadequate. Rapid improvement and complete cure was achieved with 48 × 106 U/day. Lactobacilli isolated from patients with severe infections thus cannot be dismissed as contaminants.
Rehabilitation after stroke: 1--What is the potential?
Authors: D Gloag
Journal: BMJ (1985)

After a year at home doing nothing a man of 66 was admitted to a rehabilitation centre for help with the many problems left by his stroke 18 months before.He had in fact spent most of the first six months in a specialist stroke rehabilitation unit; but in the second centre, between 18 and 24 months from the stroke, he recovered considerably and has continued to progress ever since.Now, five years after the stroke and still helped by having two week "booster" admissions every three months, this man who had appeared irrecoverably without speech is talking again.
Preventing and treating eclamptic seizures
Authors: J. M Roberts
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Ninety nine percent of all maternal deaths occur in developing countries. Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia is responsible for many of these, accounting for 50 000 deaths annually. Large randomised trials in developing countries and systematic reviews have shown the usefulness of magnesium sulphate in treating recurrent eclamptic seizures and in the prophylaxis of eclampsia.1–3 Despite this evidence magnesium sulphate remains underused.

In 1995 the Eclampsia Trial Collaborative Group did an impressive study in developing countries and showed unequivocally that magnesium sulphate given intramuscularly or intravenously is superior to phenytoin or diazepam in reducing recurrent eclamptic seizures.1 Seizures were a half or a third less likely to recur after treatment with magnesium. Maternal mortality was also lower in women allocated magnesium rather than phenytoin or diazepam, although this did not achieve statistical significance. Recent Cochrane reviews, however, indicated a significant reduction in maternal mortality with magnesium.2 Magnesium was also associated with less maternal and neonatal morbidity than phenytoin.

Recently the findings of this study were extended to indicate the …
Role of Endothelial Nitric Oxide in Shear Stress–Induced Vasodilation of Human Microvasculature
Authors: Oscar A. Paniagua, Melissa B. Bryant, Julio A. Panza
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —It has been proposed that flow-mediated shear stress regulates vascular tone; however, whether this operates in the human microcirculation is unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effect of shear stress on human microvascular tone, to assess the contribution of nitric oxide (NO), and to determine whether this mechanism is defective in hypertension and in hypercholesterolemia. Methods and Results —In 9 normal controls (NC), 11 hypertensive patients (HT), and 12 hypercholesterolemic patients (HChol), arteries (internal diameter 201±26 μm) isolated from gluteal fat biopsies were cannulated and perfused in chambers. Shear stress was induced by increasing the flow rate from 1 to 50 μL/min after preconstriction with norepinephrine (NE). Arterial internal diameter was expressed as percent of NE-induced constriction. In NC, shear stress induced flow-dependent vasodilation from 23±9% at 1 μL/min to 53±14% at 50 μL/min ( P &lt;0.0001), which was abolished by endothelial removal. The NO synthase inhibitor Nω -nitro- l -arginine (L-NNA) significantly blunted this response (mean vasodilation decreased from 27±6% to 6±9%; P =0.04). HT had significant impairment of flow-mediated dilation (mean vasodilation 5±6%; P =0.01 versus NC), which was not affected by L-NNA. HChol had preserved flow-mediated vasodilation (mean vasodilation 24±7%; P =0.56 versus NC), but this was not significantly modified by L-NNA. Conclusions —In the human microvasculature, shear stress induces endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated vasodilation. This phenomenon is blunted in HT patients because of reduced activity of NO. In contrast, the HChol microvasculature has preserved shear stress-induced dilation despite diminished NO activity.
Is female gender associated with impaired outcome after successful thrombolysis? Insights from the APRICOT trial
Authors: Hendrik-Jan Dieker, Peter C. Kievit, Marc A. Brouwer, Paul J.P.C. van den Bergh, Wim R.M. Aengevaeren, Gerrit Veen, Freek W.A. Verheugt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)