tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Precursor-Product Relationship between Pools of Very Low Density Lipoprotein Triglyceride
Authors: Philip J. Barter, Paul J. Nestel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The process of removal of triglyceride from the plasma may involve a sequential conversion of larger to smaller glyceride-rich lipoproteins. This has been studied within the species of lipoproteins comprising the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) which transport the bulk of endogenously formed triglyceride. Palmitic acid-(14)C which was used to label the plasma glycerides was administered either as a prolonged constant infusion or as a pulse label. The specific activity-time curves of triglyceride fatty acids (TGFA) were analyzed both in total VLDL and in two subfractions of VLDL. The nature of the curves for total VLDL that were observed during the constant infusions were consistent with slow isotopic equilibration of precursors of VLDL-TGFA or with the presence of a precursor-product relationship between different components of VLDL-TGFA. The curves did not indicate any detectable differences in (fractional) turnover rates of independently metabolized pools of VLDL-TGFA. Differences in the specific activity-time curves of TGFA in two subfractions of VLDL (Sf > 100 and Sf 20-100) were consistent with a precursor-product relationship between TGFA in the two subfractions; again there was no indication of significant differences in (fractional) turnover rates. The specific activity-time curves of TGFA in the two subfractions of VLDL that were obtained with single injections of radio-palmitate showed a consistent difference in the rates at which TGFA became labeled in the two subfractions, being slower in the Sf 20-100 fraction. The findings from all experiments when considered together, were compatible with a precursor-product relationship that suggested that larger VLDL were converted to progressively smaller species as triglyceride was being removed.
Integrated genomic analysis illustrates the central role of JAK-STAT pathway activation in myeloproliferative neoplasm pathogenesis
Authors: Raajit Rampal, Fatima Al-Shahrour, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Jay P. Patel, Jean-Philippe Brunel, Craig H. Mermel, Adam J. Bass, Jennifer Pretz, Jihae Ahn, Todd Hricik, Outi Kilpivaara, Martha Wadleigh, Lambert Busque, D. Gary Gilliland, Todd R. Golub, Benjamin L. Ebert, Ross L. Levine
Journal: Blood (2014)
99mTc MIBI SPECT Findings in Parathyromatosis—A Rare Entity Causing Recurrent Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Niveditha Pinnamaneni, Prasad R. Shankar, Ashok Muthukrishnan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Parathyromatosis is a rare clinical condition resulting in recurrent hyperparathyroidism that often poses challenges in its diagnosis and complete surgical cure. We report the 99mTc MIBI SPECT findings in a patient with recurrent hyperparathyroidism requiring multiple parathyroid explorations. MIBI SPECT helped localize the areas of these “recurrent parathyroid lesions” that were often found outside of the expected locations within the neck.
The expression of normal ventricular repolarization in the body surface distribution of T potentials.
Authors: J A Abildskov, M J Burgess, R L Lux, R Wyatt, G M Vincent
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Isopotential maps from 120 normal subjects were obtained from 192 simultaneously recorded electrocardiographic leads. Maps were plotted at 1 msec intervals during the QRS and 5 msec intervals during the ST-T deflection. Repetition of QRS features was evident during all but the first few msec of the initial half of serial T maps. This suggests similarities of the normal sequence of ventricular excitation and recovery. Such similarities have been demonstrated by direct studies but are not evident from other electrocardiographic examinations. Serial maps during later portions of the T wave showed decreasing intensity of potentials with little change of body surface locations. This also correlates with an established feature of ventricular repolarization, namely that potential difference boundaries with stable locations are widely distributed during part of that process. Findings suggest isopotential maps show features of ventricular recovery not apparent from less extensive examinations.
miR-21 and miR-145 cooperation in regulation of colon cancer stem cells
Authors: Yingjie Yu, Pratima Nangia-Makker, Lulu Farhana, Sindhu G Rajendra, Edi Levi, Adhip P N Majumdar
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Acquired drug resistance is one of the major reasons for failing cancer therapies. Although the reasons are not fully understood, they may be related to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). We have reported that chemo-resistant (CR) colon cancer cells, highly enriched in CSCs, exhibit a marked up-regulation of miR-21 and that down-regulation of this miR renders the CR cells more susceptible to therapeutic regimens. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. The aim of this investigation is to unravel this mechanism.The levels of miR-145 and miR-21 were manipulated by transfection of mature, antago-miRs or pCMV/miR-145 expression plasmid. Quantitative RT-PCR or/and Western blots were performed to examine the expression of CD44, β-catenin, Sox-2, PDCD4, CK-20 and k-Ras. Colonosphere formation and SCID mice xenograft studies were performed to evaluate the tumorigenic properties of CSC-enriched colon CR cells.We investigated the role that microRNAs (miRs), specifically miR-21 and miR-145 play in regulating colon CSCs. We found the expression of miR-21 to be greatly increased and miR-145 decreased in CR colon cancer cells that are highly enriched in CSC, indicating a role for these miRNAs in regulating CSCs. In support of this, we found that whereas forced expression of miR-145 in colon cancer cells greatly inhibits CSCs and tumor growth, up-regulation of miR-21 causes an opposite phenomenon. In addition, administration of mature miR-145 or antagomir-21 (anti-sense miR-21) greatly suppresses the growth of colon cancer cell xenografts in SCID mice. This was associated with decreased expression of CD44, β-catenin, Sox-2 and induction of CK-20 indicating that administration of miR-145 or antagomir-21 decreases CSC proliferation and induces differentiation. In vitro studies further demonstrate that miR-21 negatively regulates miR-145 and vice versa. k-Ras appears to play critical role in regulation of this process, as evidenced by the fact that the absence of k-Ras in CR colon cancer cells increases miR-145 expression, suppresses miR-21, and interrupts the negative cooperation between miR-21 and miR-145.Our current observations suggest that miR-21, miR-145, and their networks play critical roles in regulating CSCs growth and/or differentiation in the colon cancer and progression of chemo-resistance.
Ear, nose, and throat symptoms in subacute Wegener's granulomatosis: Authors' reply
Authors: G R V Hughes, D D'Cruz, R Asherson, E Baguley
Journal: BMJ (1989)

continuous hours on duty would be 24; and on most on cover nights the house officer should have an uninterrupted eight hours sleep.Units of medical time (UMTs) should not be affected as the number of hours or workload is not reduced: the second on arrangement only reallocates duties,
Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in the Same Patients
Authors: Poul A. Pedersen, Eva Rung Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1983)

This study from Danish general practice gives Figures about the simultaneous prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis and the order of onset among 7662 patients, who during 1 year consulted for one or both of these diseases. Twenty‐eight percent of patients with asthma consulted because they also had allergic rhinitis, and 17% of patients with allergic rhinitis consulted because they also had asthma. Age‐ and sex‐distributions are presented. In 25% of patients with both diseases the onset of both diseases occurred within the same year, while in 35% the onset of asthma occurred first and in 40% allergic rhinitis. Among patients with both diseases, who did not have onset of both within the same year, more than 75% of them had onset of one disease within 2 years of the other.
The lurking sperm. A review of failures in 8879 vasectomies performed by one physician
Authors: P. M. Alderman
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Vasectomy techniques and failure rates vary among surgeons, and the criteria for failure are not often clearly defined. To help establish a yardstick for comparative purposes, a series of 8879 consecutive vasectomies performed with uniform technique over 24 years was reviewed. A subgroup of 5331 men who had returned for at least two postoperative semen tests—the<i>study</i>group—was used for follow-up analysis. Failures were defined as<i>early</i>or<i>late</i>and also were categorized as overt or<i>technical</i>according to the numbers, motility, or persistence of the remaining spermatozoa. There were 97 failures of all types, including 32 (0.60%) early and overt failures and 61 (1.14%) technical failures that involved the persistence of small numbers of spermatozoa, possibly of no significance. Four (0.08%) late overt failures were also seen; each of these was discovered as a result of a pregnancy, and each occurred at least four years after two azoospermic test results. Of the 97 failures, four were recognized as due to missed vasa deferentia, and the remainder were attributed to recanalization. Whether improved and reproducible failure rates can be consistently obtained by other techniques is not yet clear. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;259:3142-3144)
Impaired Angiogenesis and Peripheral Muscle Microcirculation Loss Contribute to Exercise Intolerance in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: François Potus, Simon Malenfant, Colin Graydon, Vincent Mainguy, Ève Tremblay, Sandra Breuils-Bonnet, Fernanda Ribeiro, Alexandra Porlier, François Maltais, Sébastien Bonnet, Steeve Provencher
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by significant exercise intolerance, which is multifactorial and involves skeletal muscle alterations. There is growing evidence that microRNAs (miRs) are involved in PAH pathogenesis.We hypothesized that miR-126, an endothelial-specific, proangiogenic miR, is down-regulated in the peripheral muscles of patients with PAH, which would account for skeletal muscle microcirculation loss and exercise intolerance.Patients with PAH displayed decreases in exercise capacity ([Formula: see text]o2max) and microcirculation loss on quadriceps muscle biopsy (in CD31(+) immunofluorescence experiments) compared to control subjects. Exercise capacity correlated with muscle capillarity (r = 0.84, P < 0.01). At the cellular level, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 expression were similar in both groups. Conversely, PAH was associated with a 60% decrease in miR-126 expression in a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction experiment (P < 0.01), resulting in up-regulation of its targeted protein, Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (SPRED-1), and a marked decrease in the downstream effectors of the VEGF pathway, p-Raf/Raf and p-ERK/ERK, as determined by immunoblot analysis. Using freshly isolated CD31(+) cells from human quadriceps biopsies, we found that the down-regulation of miR-126 in PAH triggered the activation of SPRED-1, impairing the angiogenic response (Matrigel assay). These abnormalities were reversed by treating the PAH cells with miR-126 mimic, whereas inhibition of miR-126 (antagomir) in healthy CD31(+) cells fully mimicked the PAH phenotype. Finally, miR-126 down-regulation in skeletal muscle of healthy rats decreased muscle capillarity in immunofluorescence assays (P < 0.05) and exercise tolerance in treadmill tests (P < 0.05), whereas miR-126 up-regulation increased them in monocrotaline PAH rats.We demonstrate for the first time that exercise intolerance in PAH is associated with skeletal muscle microcirculation loss and impaired angiogenesis secondary to miR-126 down-regulation.
Effects of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on the gonadal pathophysiology, sperm morphology, and reproductive performance of male rats.
Authors: D K Agarwal, S Eustis, J C Lamb, J R Reel, W M Kluwe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Dietary exposure of adult male F344 rats to 0, 320, 1250, 5000, or 20,000 ppm DEHP for 60 consecutive days resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in total body, testis, epididymis, and prostate weights at 5000 and 20,000 ppm. Degenerative changes were observed in testis, along with decreased testicular zinc content, reduced epididymal sperm density and motility, and increased occurrence of abnormal sperm at 20,000 ppm. There was a trend towards reduced testosterone and increased luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone in serum at 5000 and 20,000 ppm. The mean percentage of fertile animals was unchanged and reduction in fertility parameters, although not marked in severity, were correlated with gonadal effects. Average litter size was reduced at 20,000 ppm, but initial pup weights and growth were unaffected. There were no grossly observed abnormalities in the offspring and the rate of neonatal deaths was similar in control and DEHP treated groups. Characteristic toxicity manifestations of DEHP included dose-dependent enlargement of liver and reduced sperm triglycerides and cholesterol. Additionally, serum albumin and total proteins were dose dependently increased upon treatment with DEHP. Cessation of exposure to DEHP initiated partial to complete recovery from toxicity in most cases. The magnitude of recovery were variable with that of the gonads being slower than other systems. These data suggest a lack of reproductive dysfunction in F344 male rats at DEHP doses below 20,000 ppm which produced measurable testicular degeneration and afflicted epididymal sperm morphology under the present experimental conditions.
Abstract 2076: Oxidative stress induced by sodium ascorbate:menadione sodium-bisulfate combination results in lysosomal and mitochondrial changes that lead to prostate cancer cell death
Authors: Karen McGuire, Deborah Neal, Gail C. Fraizer, Jacques Gilloteaux, Henryk Taper, James Jamison
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death in American males and therapy targeting hormone refractory prostate cancer is urgently needed. Treatment of prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, LNCaP-C42, DU-145 and PC3) with either sodium ascorbate or menadione sodium-bisulfate alone induced cell killing (as measured by the MTT cell proliferation assay) only at high concentrations, while the combination (apatone) potentiated cytotoxicity 4- to 20-fold with exposure times as short as 1hr. Apatone treatment induces the reactivation of DNase I and II resulting in autoschizis, a caspase independent form of cell death. Cell cycle arrest (G1/S and G2/M blocks), increased hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels, decreased cellular thiol levels, and increased intracellular Ca2+ levels were observed following apatone treatment. To further understand the mechanism(s) of action of this cytotoxic drug, the effects of apatone treatment on the lysosomal and mitochondrial membranes in DU-145 prostate cancer cells were measured by live cell fluorescence microscopy. Examination of lysosomal membranes using the metachromatic fluorochrome, acridine orange, revealed rapid permeabilization of the lysosomal membrane. The effect of apatone on mitochondrial membrane potential was also examined, using JC-1 staining, and revealed de-polarization of the mitochondria membrane, which occurred on a delayed time scale when compared to lysosomal activity. The in vivo anti-tumoral activity of apatone was evaluated in nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with DU-145 cells. Oral apatone significantly reduced the growth rate of the solid tumors (p&amp;lt;0.05) without inducing significant bone marrow toxicity, changes in organ weight or pathologies associated with these organs. Overall, these results support an apatone induced cell death mechanism involving a non-apoptotic cell death pathway initiated by oxidative stress in a pro-oxidant tumor environment. This stress ultimately leads to damaged lysosomes, mitochondria and other cellular organelles. This novel mechanism of action has been demonstrated to be highly effective both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the sodium ascorbate:menadione sodium-bisulfate combination (apatone) can provide another urgently needed therapy for the treatment of hormone refractory and possibly hormone dependent prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2076. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2076
Diet, Lipoproteins, and the Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Alexander C. Arntzenius, Daan Kromhout, Jacques D. Barth, Johan H.C. Reiber, Albert V.G. Bruschke, Beert Buis, Coen M. van Gent, Noes Kempen-Voogd, Sipke Strikwerda, Edo A. van der Velde
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We studied the relation between diet, serum lipoproteins, and the progression of coronary lesions in 39 patients with stable angina pectoris in whom coronary arteriography had shown at least one vessel with 50 per cent obstruction before intervention. Intervention consisted of a two-year vegetarian diet that had a ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids of at least 2 and that contained less than 100 mg of cholesterol per day. Dietary changes were associated with a significant increase in linoleic acid content of cholesteryl esters and a significant lowering of body weight, systolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and the ratio of total to high-density lipoprotein (total/HDL) cholesterol. Angiographic examination was performed after 24 months; angiograms were assessed visually (with blinding) and by computer-assisted image analysis. Both types of assessment indicated progression of disease in 21 of 39 patients but no lesion growth in 18. Coronary lesion growth correlated with total/HDL cholesterol (r = 0.50, P = 0.001) but not with blood pressure, smoking status, alcohol intake, weight, or drug treatment. Disease progression was significant in patients who had values for total/HDL cholesterol that were higher than the median (greater than 6.9) throughout the trial period. No coronary-lesion growth was observed in patients who had lower values for total/HDL cholesterol (less than 6.9) throughout the trial or who initially had higher values (greater than 6.9) that were significantly lowered by dietary intervention.
F-18 FDG PET Imaging of Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Christian von Falck, Thomas Rodt, Hoen-oh Shin, Wolfram H. Knapp, Michael Galanski
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

A 13-year-old girl underwent abdominal ultrasound because of elevated liver enzymes and an intrahepatic mass was found. Subsequent MRI revealed a large liver tumor with a central scar and enlarged lymph nodes in the upper abdomen. F-18 FDG PET was performed for whole body staging. Avid tracer uptake was noted in the primary tumor and the suspicious lymph nodes, thus confirming the MRI findings. The patient underwent hemihepatectomy and the tumor was histopathologically identified as fibrolamellar carcinoma, a rare and distinctive variant of hepatocellular carcinoma that was first described in 1956.
Cimetidine and Immunologic Response
Authors: MICHAEL R. SIMON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters1 July 1980Cimetidine and Immunologic ResponseMICHAEL R. SIMON, M.D.MICHAEL R. SIMON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-1-152_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the recently published paper "Cimetidine as an Immunomodulator: Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis as a Model" (1), the authors report that their patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis developed positive delayed hypersensitivity skin tests while receiving cimetidine. In neither this paper nor in an earlier description of the same patients (2) are results of immediate hypersensitivity skin tests with candidal antigen reported. Immunologic histamine release induced by cutaneous injection of antigen may suppress the delayed hypersensitivity skin response to that antigen (3). Nine of 10 patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis reported by Kirkpatrick and Smith (4) showed immediate hypersensitivity...References1. JORIZZOSAMSJEGASOTHYOLANSKY JWBA. Cimetidine as an immunomodulator: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis as a model. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92(Part 1):192-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SAMSJORIZZOSNYDERMAN WJR. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: immunologic studies of three generations of a single family. Am J Med. 1979;67:948-59. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SLAVINTENNENBAUMBECKERFEINBERGFEINBERG RJRAS. Cell transfer of delayed hypersensitivity to ragweed from atopic subjects treated with emulsified ragweed extracts. J Allergy. 1963;34:368-73. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KIRKPATRICKSMITH CT. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: immunologic and antibiotic therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1974;80:310-20. LinkGoogle Scholar5. SIMONTUBERGENCASSIDYSILVAMAGILAVY MDJJD. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis clinically exacerbated by type I hypersensitivity. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1979;14:56-63. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Allen Park, MI 48101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEsophageal Candidiasis as a Complication of Inhaled CorticosteroidsGeochemistry. AtmosphereLeukocyte Function in Human Allergic Disease 1 July 1980Volume 93, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 152-152KeywordsAntigensCandidiasisHistamineHypersensitivitySkin tests Issue Published: 1 July 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...