tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Metoprolol Reverses Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients With Asymptomatic Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Wilson S. Colucci, Theodore J. Kolias, Kirkwood F. Adams, William F. Armstrong, Jalal K. Ghali, Stephen S. Gottlieb, Barry Greenberg, Michael I. Klibaner, Marrick L. Kukin, Jennifer E. Sugg
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— There are no randomized, controlled trial data to support the benefit of β-blockers in patients with asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction. We investigated whether β-blocker therapy ameliorates left ventricular remodeling in asymptomatic patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Method and Results— Patients with left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;40%, mild left ventricular dilation, and no symptoms of heart failure (New York Heart Association class I) were randomly assigned to receive extended-release metoprolol succinate (Toprol-XL, AstraZeneca) 200 mg or 50 mg or placebo for 12 months. Echocardiographic assessments of left ventricular end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, mass, and ejection fraction were performed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. The 149 patients randomized to the 3 treatment groups (200 mg, n=48; 50 mg, n=48; and placebo, n=53) were similar with regard to all baseline characteristics including age (mean, 66 years), gender (74% male), plasma brain natriuretic peptide (79 pg/mL), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (110 mL/m 2 ), and left ventricular ejection fraction (27%). At 12 months in the 200-mg group, there was a 14±3 mL/m 2 decrease (least square mean±SE) in end-systolic volume index and a 6±1% increase in left ventricular ejection fraction ( P &lt;0.05 versus baseline and placebo for both). The decrease in end-diastolic volume index (14±3) was different from that seen at baseline ( P &lt;0.05) but not with placebo. In the 50-mg group, end-systolic and end-diastolic volume indexes decreased relative to baseline but were not different from what was seen with placebo, whereas ejection fraction increased by 4±1% ( P &lt;0.05 versus baseline and placebo). Conclusion— β-Blocker therapy can ameliorate left ventricular remodeling in asymptomatic patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM IN POSTENCEPHALITIC BEHAVIOR DISORDER AND POSTENCEPHALITIC PARKINSONISM
Authors: SIDNEY LEVIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

In a review of the electroencephalographic findings in patients with postencephalitic behavior disorder and postencephalitic parkinsonism, the following observations were made: 1. Of 15 cases with postencephalitic behavior disorder, 13 (87%) showed some electroencephalographic abnormalities, most of which were of a mild degree and of the slow wave type. There were 3 cases with a history of convulsive seizures as an added complication of the encephalitis. In 2 of these the tracings were markedly abnormal. These findings are consistent with the observations of others that in the behavior disorders associated with organic brain disease there is a relatively high incidence of electroencephalographic abnormality. 2. In a series of 36 cases with postencephalitic Parkinsonism, 11 (31%) showed some electroencephalographic abnormalities, which were all of mild degree and primarily of the slow wave type, although a moderate amount of fast activity was also observed.
Murine γ-herpesvirus 68 causes severe large-vessel arteritis in mice lacking interferon-γ responsiveness: A new model for virus-induced vascular disease
Authors: Karen E. Weck, Albert J. Dal Canto, James D. Gould, Andrew K. O'Guin, Kevin A. Roth, Jeffrey E. Saffitz, Samuel H. Speck, Herbert W. Virgin
Journal: Nature Medicine (1997)
Monoclonal IgG Gammopathy and Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: RICHARD N. DEXTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Three patients with hypercalcemia had serum IgG monoclonal gammopathies. In none of the cases could a diagnosis of multiple myeloma be established, and other clinical findings were most compatible with primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid exploration showed a parathyroid adenoma in two patients and parathyroid hyperplasia in the third. The hypercalcemia but not the gammopathy disappeared after removal of abnormal parathyroid tissue in all three patients. One of the monoclonal IgG proteins was of the kappa type, and two were of the lambda type; no shared idiotypic specificities could be shown. No definite evidence for a specific parathyroid-directed antibody was found by immunofluorescence studies. Clinically, the finding of a monoclonal immunoglobulin pattern in a patient with hypercalcemia does not necessarily indicate multiple myeloma, nor does it exclude primary hyperparathyroidism.
Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Chlamydial Infections
Authors: Lawrence L. Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1986)

RECOMMENDATIONS for treatment of infections caused by<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>were last established in 1982.<sup>1</sup>Since that time, studies have provided new information about the epidemiology and the clinical spectrum of the diseases associated with<i>C trachomatis</i>infections. In addition, new antimicrobial agents have become available and old agents have been studied more extensively in treatment trials. These recent developments prompt the need for an updated review of the treatment of these widespread infections. Chlamydial infections are now recognized as the most common bacterial sexually transmitted diseases in the United States. An estimated 3 million people have infections caused by C<i> trachomati</i>s each year.<sup>2</sup><i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>is the leading cause of nongonococcal urethritis (roughly 50%) and of epididymitis in men younger than 35 years of age. In women, where the majority of infections are asymptomatic,<i>C trachomatis</i>infection causes mucopurulent cervicitis, urethral syndrome, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type I: a clinical and ultrastructural study of a family with reduced amounts of collagen type III
Authors: A. PAEPE, A. NICHOLLS, P. NARCISI, F.DE KEYSER, J. QUATACKER, M.VAN STAEY, M. MATTON, F. M. POPE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) type I was diagnosed in an 18-year-old girl on the basis of marked skin hyperextensibility with generalized loose-jointedness, pigmcnted paper-tissue scars, and a pronounced tendency to bruising. Her father and one of her sisters showed a similar phenotype. Her mother was normal. Light microscopy of skin biopsies showed large, irregular collagen fibres in the father and daughter, with normal findings in the mother. Electron microscopy of the skin sections revealed a variation in diameter and shape of the collagen fibrils as well as slight dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum of fibroblasts in father and daughter, but normal findings in the mother. Cultured fibroblasts did not show these changes. Measurements of collagen synthesis by fibroblast cultures showed that type III collagen levels were reduced to 50% of normal in the father and daughter, and were normal in the mother. The α I (III) proteins had a normal molecular weight, determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The phenotypes and biochemical results in the family members tested were compatible with autosomal dominant transmission. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a type III collagen deficiency in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type I. The findings in this family, especially the pronounced bruising tendency, illustrate the heterogeneity within type I EDS.
The Response of HIV-Associated Lymphadenopathic Kaposi Sarcoma to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Satveer K. Mankia, Robert F. Miller, Simon G. Edwards, Alan Ramsay, Siow Ming Lee
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

The use of PET/CT for determining systemic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) involvement and treatment response remains to be formally assessed. Pretreatment human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) viral load may predict clinical response of KS to therapy; however, its role in treatment monitoring and correlation with PET/CT findings is unknown. We report PET/CT findings and HHV-8 viral loads of a 46-year-old man with HIV-associated lymphadenopathic KS. After treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy, an interval PET/CT showed partial response, despite an undetectable HHV-8 viral load. Chemotherapy was initiated, and the patient achieved a complete clinical, PET/CT, and virological response. PET/CT enabled monitoring of treatment response and led to changes in management.
Differential effect of griseofulvin on interferon-γ-induced HLA-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression of human keratinocytes
Authors: K. TAMAKI, A. SAITOH, N. YASAKA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Differential effect of griseofulvin on interferon‐γ‐induced HLA‐DR and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 expression of human keratinocytes Get access K. TAMAKI, K. TAMAKI Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical College, 1110 Shimokatoh, Tamaho‐cho, Nakakoma‐gun, Yamanashi‐ken 409‐38, Japan Dr K. Tamaki. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. SAITOH, A. SAITOH Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical College, 1110 Shimokatoh, Tamaho‐cho, Nakakoma‐gun, Yamanashi‐ken 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. YASAKA N. YASAKA Department of Dermatology, Yamanashi Medical College, 1110 Shimokatoh, Tamaho‐cho, Nakakoma‐gun, Yamanashi‐ken 409‐38, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 3, 1 September 1992, Pages 258–261, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00124.x Published: 01 September 1992
Immunohistochemical identification of lysozyme in intestinal lesions in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
Authors: M Klockars, S Reitamo, J J Reitamo, C Moller
Journal: Gut (1977)

Lysozyme (LZM) was identified in ulcerative colitis in granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages of the intestinal lamina propria. In contrast with findings in normal colon or rectum, in ulcerative colitis LZM was also detected in some mucosal crypt cells and metaplastic Paneth cells. In both ulcerative colitis and Crohn9s disease LZM was present in inflammatory cells of crypt abscesses. In Crohn9s disease intense LZM staining was seen in epitheloid cell granulomas. The present observations permit one explanation for the raised concentration of serum-LZM in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn9s disease.
DISLOCATION OF THE FEMUR ON THE DORSUM OF THE ILIUM, REDUCED EIGHT MONTHS AFTER DISARTICULATION
Authors: H. F. Gisborne
Journal: BMJ (1855)

A ATo IDtCA~Ja.sit Caput-coli is enld, in the latter it is contracSed; in the one the symptoms re allied to chronic dysentery, in the other to intusssoeption.
Incidental Detection of a Vesicocolonic Fistula on Renal Scintigraphy With SPECT/CT
Authors: Uttam Kumar Mete, Kuruva Manohar, Anish Bhattacharya, Reema Goyal, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Urinary-enteric fistula is a rare cause of recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). Therefore, delayed/incidental diagnosis is the rule. The authors present an image of a vesicocolonic fistula incidentally detected during SPECT/CT renal scintigraphy with 99mTc-DTPA in a female patient with recurrent UTI. The diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by cystoscopy and surgery.
Serologic Therapy of Tetanus in the United States, 1965-1971
Authors: Paul A. Blake
Journal: JAMA (1976)

To study the influence of tetanus antitoxins on the outcome of human tetanus, we analyzed data on 545 cases reported to the Center for Disease Control from 1965 through 1971. Patients treated with antitoxin had a significantly lower case-fatality ratio than untreated patients, and the effect of serotherapy was not modified significantly by the age or race of the subjects. Antitoxin of equine origin and human tetanus immune globulin (TIG) were equally effective. The data on the effect of different doses of TIG suggest that 500 units may be as effective as the currently recommended therapeutic dose of 3,000 to 10,000 units. The importance of possible bias introduced by unmeasured factors such as quality of supportive therapy could not be determined, but confounding by 11 recorded potentially confounding factors was minimal. (<i>JAMA</i>235:42-44, 1976)
Where now for therapeutic apheresis?
Authors: T Hamblin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Where now for therapeutic apheresis?Doctors, like other men, are creatures beguiled by fashion -so that every treatment has its day.The pattern is predictable: each new treatment provokes an initial wave of enthusiasm when it is applied to every possible disease, only for this to be followed by utter rejection and despondency when it is said to be good for nothing.Eventually, we hope, it finds its level: specific for this, useful for that, to be used in such and such when afl else fails.
HIV and AIDS in health care workers.
Authors: J L Kearns
Journal: BMJ (1993)

An audit of the outcome of these periodic procedures from Germanaud's study would help in decisions regarding starting, continuing, or stopping periodic tuberculin testing or chest x ray examinations, or both, for hospital employees.Evaluation of the British data from occupational health departments in the health service has shown that routine annual chest x ray examination for this group of workers is not justified.4
Abstract 4392: Oxidative damage to placental DNA, air pollution, genetic polymorphisms and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Pavel Rossner, Nana Tabashidze, Miroslav Dostal, Zuzana Novakova, Irena Chvatalova, Milada Spatova, Radim J. Srám
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Oxidative stress to placenta DNA may result in negative pregnancy outcomes, including intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and low birth weight (LBW). The aim of our study was to investigate the association between the levels of 8-oxodeoxuanosine (8-oxodG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, in placenta DNA, exposure to particulate matter &amp;lt;2.5 µm (PM2.5) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) during pregnancy, genetic polymorphisms in 97 genes and pregnancy outcomes in a group of 891 newborns born between the years 1994 and 1999 in the Czech Republic in two districts with different levels of air pollution. We observed a borderline difference in oxidative stress levels between the IUGR and non-IUGR group (median 8-oxodG/105 dG (range): 2.03 (0.29-6.17) and 1.74 (0.20-6.50), p=0.055, for the IUGR and non-IUGR group, respectively) and higher oxidative stress in the LBW newborns (median 8-oxodG/105 dG (range): 2.25 (0.27-6.25) and 1.75 (0.20-6.50), p&amp;lt;0.05, for the LBW and non-LBW group, respectively). Univariate regression analysis revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 genes (ADH1B, ALDH2, BCL6, CCL2, CTLA4, CXCL10, CYP1A2, CYP2D6, GATA3, IL13, MGMT, XPC) to be associated with 8-oxodG levels; IUGR was associated with SNPs in 6 genes (AHR, C5, CCL24, CTLA4, TLR4, XRCC3), while LBW with SNPs in 18 genes (ADH1C, CCL7, CCL8, CCL18, CYP1A1, ERCC3, HMOX1, IL10, LIG1, LTA, MBL2, STAT4, TOLLIP, TLR2, XPC, TP53, XRCC1, XRCC3). 8-oxodG levels were increased by exposure to PM2.5 in the first four moths of pregnancy; exposure to B[a]P had no effect. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression revealed that newborns with above-median levels of 8-oxodG (&amp;gt;1.80 8-oxodG/105 dG) had 64% higher probability of IUGR (OR (95% CI): 1.64 (1.12-2.42), p&amp;lt;0.05) than newborns with below-median levels of oxidative DNA damage. Genetic polymorphisms in ADH1B, C5 and TLR4, as well as body mass index and the length of education of the mother also significantly affected the risk of IUGR. Oxidative DNA damage was not confirmed by multivariate-adjusted logistic regression to be a risk factor of LBW. Variables affecting LBW include genetic polymorphisms in CCL7, HMOX1 and STAT4, gender, mother's smoking and the length of gestation. In summary, our results suggest that oxidative DNA damage increases the risk of IUGR; exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is not a significant independent factor affecting 8-oxodG-related IUGR. Supported by the Czech Ministry of the Environment (SP/1b3/50/07). Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4392.
A prospective nonrandomize study comparing electron intraoperative boost radiotherapy versus postoperative interstitional brachytherapy in patients having breast conserving surgery and adjuvant external beam radiotherapy.
Authors: PA van Dam, R Weytjens, L DeMaeyer, AM van Dam, J Alberty, H Verstraeten, P Huget, L Verkinderen, A Prove, P Vermeulen, LY Dirix
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5140 Purpose: to compare the surgery and radiotherapy related outcomes, toxicities and cosmesis of patients undergoing breast conserving surgery and adjuvant external beam radiotherapy having intraoperative electron boost radiotherapy (IEBR) versus postoperative boost interstitinal brachytherapy (PIB).&amp;#x2028; Materials and methods: Between January 2007 and June 2008, 80 women with a diagnosis of early breast cancer ( pT1: 69, pT2: 11, pN0: 66, pN1: 14) were treated with lumpectomy, sentinel node biopsy, with (N=14) or without (N=66) axillary lymphadenectomy. During surgery an electron boost of 9 Gy (4-12 Mev) was administered to the tumor bed using a Mobetron (Intraop, USA). Adjuvant treatment was completed with whole breast external beam radiotherapy (WBEBR, 45 Gy in 25 fractions) and systemic therapy if necessary (group 1). The outcomes in these patients was compared propectively to 100 stage-matched patients treated in the same period having similar breast conserving surgery, systemic treatment and WBEBR, and receiving a boost by means of postoperative interstitional brachytherapy (192Iridium, 15 Gy, Nucletron Afterloader, USA) implanted under general anesthesia according to the Paris system (group 2)&amp;#x2028; Results: Median netto (= incision to closure) and bruto (= total time spend in the operating theatre) time in the operating theatre at primary surgery was significantly higher in group 1 (respectively 96 vs 62 min, p &amp;lt; 0.01, and 118 and 80 min, p &amp;lt;0.01). Netto and bruto time to implant the iridium wires respectively was 27 and 50 min. This means that the total theatre time was comparable in both groups (netto 96 vs 89 minutes, and bruto 148 vs 130 minutes, NS). Perioperative morbidity was slightly higher in group 1 due to a higher amount of postoperative wound infections (9/80 vs 4/100, p&amp;lt; 0.05). Median total surgery and radiotherapy related hospital stay for the entire treatment was 2.5 days in group 1 and 4.0 days in group 2 (p &amp;lt; 0.01). Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in patients receiving IEBR. Acute skin toxicity at the end of the entire treatment was significantly lower in group 1. Out of 48 evaluable patients after 6 months there were no patients with grade 4 skin toxicity in group 1. No tumor recurrences were seen in both groups after a median follow-up 10 months.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Intraoperative radiotherapy is feasible and well tolerated in selected patients with early breast cancer. Total hospital stay is lower and patient satisfaction is higher in women having IEBR compared to PIB. Our study suggest it may be considered to give patients undergoing IEBR prophylactic antibiotic treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5140.
Quality of life issues in nonmetastatic skin cancer
Authors: D. Burdon-Jones, P. Thomas, R. Baker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background Current knowledge of quality of life (QOL) issues affecting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer is unsatisfactory, being based either on the use of QOL questionnaires derived from dermatology patients with predominantly benign lesions or inflammatory skin rashes, or on the use of general health QOL questionnaires. Objectives We sought to determine the impact of nonmetastatic skin cancer on patients' lives by asking such patients for their written opinions. Methods An open-ended 'Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheet' was given to 100 consenting patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer [50 with malignant melanoma (MM) and 50 with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC)]. Results In total, 82 'Skin Cancer Quality of Life Question Sheets' were returned complete (40 MM and 42 NMSC). There were 44 different patient concerns voiced overall in the responses. The concerns were grouped into 10 main themes. Patients with MM were significantly more likely than those with NMSC to mention 'a sense of relief/gratitude following treatment and/or a commitment to enjoy life here on' (P = 0.001), 'feelings of anxiety/depression/guilt/stress towards oneself or family/friends' (P < 0.001) and 'strengthening of emotional relationships with family and/or friends' (P = 0.02). Patients with NMSC were significantly more likely than those with MM to mention 'concern about the public's lack of understanding and recognition of skin cancer' (P = 0.02). The theme 'realization of one's mortality' was commoner among patients with MM than with NMSC, while the theme 'concern regarding possible scarring/disfigurement or the reaction of others' was commoner among patients with NMSC than with MM, although neither of these two differences was statistically significant (P = 0.07 and P = 0.11, respectively). Conclusions QOL issues expressed by patients with nonmetastatic skin cancer highlight concerns we must address during their care. A disease-specific QOL measure suitable for both nonmetastatic MM and nonmetastatic NMSC is needed. The psychosocial impact on patients with nonmetastatic MM must not be underestimated.
Lichen sclerosus in adult men: a study of HLA associations and susceptibility to autoimmune disease
Authors: None AZURDIA, None LUZZI, None BYREN, None WELSH, None WOJNAROWSKA, None MARREN, None EDWARDS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Lichen sclerosus is a skin disorder of unknown prevalence affecting both men and women, and several studies have established HLA associations in women with this disease. Autoimmune disease associations in the form of a personal and/or family history of autoimmune disease have also been shown to be related to lichen sclerosus. In this study, we examined 58 men (mean age 38 years) with lichen sclerosus, 39 of whom had histologically proven disease. HLA tissue typing by phototyping was performed on these patients and contrasted with that of 602 control subjects. There was no difference in antigen frequencies of the HLA class I loci. The patient group was found to have an increased frequency of several HLA antigens of the class II loci: DR11, 13 of 58 (22%) patients vs. 75 of 602 (13%) control subjects (P = 0.05); DR12, five of 58 (9%) patients vs. 16 of 602 (3%) control subjects (P = 0.04); DQ7, 26 of 58 (45%) patients vs. 189 of 602 (31%) control subjects (P = 0.05). There were few autoimmune disease associations: two of 58 (3%) patients had a personal history of a different autoimmune disease, two patients were found to have abnormal thyroid function and six of 58 (10%) had a first-degree relative with an autoimmune disease. There was no difference in the frequency of the autoimmune haplotype HLA A1, B8, DR3/17, DQ2 compared with the control population. HLA DQ7 has now been shown to occur more frequently in both male and female patients with lichen sclerosus, which may reflect the immunopathogenesis of the disease. Autoimmune disease associations, however, are less common in men with lichen sclerosus.