tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Insufficiency and Heart Failure Therapy
Authors: Aaron Spital
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 April 2004Renal Insufficiency and Heart Failure TherapyAaron Spital, MDAaron Spital, MDFrom Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In his excellent review of the treatment of heart failure in patients with renal disease (1), Dr. Shlipak argued convincingly that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are beneficial for this population. He concluded that they can even be used with care in patients with severe renal insufficiency. Dr. Shlipak appropriately recommended starting with low doses. My concern is the particular agent he suggested: lisinopril. Lisinopril is a long-acting ACE inhibitor that is eliminated primarily by the kidneys. Therefore, in patients with renal dysfunction, its duration of action is extremely long, with a half-life of up to 50 hours ...References1. Shlipak MG. Pharmacotherapy for heart failure in patients with renal insufficiency. Ann Intern Med. 2003;138:917-24. [PMID: 12779302] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Aronoff GR, Berns JS, Brier ME, Golper TA, Morrison G, Singer I, et al . Drug Prescribing in Renal Failure: Dosing Guidelines for Adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia: American Coll of Physicians; 1999:26-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Aaron Spital, MDAffiliations: From Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPharmacotherapy for Heart Failure in Patients with Renal Insufficiency Michael G. Shlipak Renal Insufficiency and Heart Failure Therapy Michael G. Shlipak Metrics 6 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 7Page: 584KeywordsACE inhibitorsAngiotensin converting enzymeDrugsHalf lifeHeart failureHypotensionKidneysPatientsPotassiumRenal diseases ePublished: 6 April 2004 Issue Published: 6 April 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Transient State of NIDDM in a Patient With AIDS
Authors: Nicolas N Abourizk, Robert W Lyons, Gayle M Madden
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

OBJECTIVE— To describe a glucose abnormality in AIDS that is characterized by transient NIDDM followed by hyperinsulinemic normoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— A 36-yr-old Hispanic man with AIDS was on long-standing aerosolized pentamidine therapy in 1986. He received a course of intravenous pentamidine 5 mo before the onset of diabetes. Nonketotic hyperglycemia responded to sulfonylurea, which had to be discontinued 3 mo later because of normoglycemia. RESULTS— Diabetes diagnosis was made by three separate fasting blood glucose values of 16.2, 18.1, and 29.9 mM, and HbA1C of 10.1% (normal 4.2–5.9). The patient became euglycemic 5 mo after diagnosis while on no treatment. An oral glucose tolerance test was then normal, and C-peptide stimulation showed supra-normal response. CONCLUSIONS— Transient severe NIDDM in this case could not be linked to acute stress. Pentamidine, in a progressively increasing cumulative dose, is one possible, albeit unusual, etiology because the diabetes was not permanent. After diabetes remission, the data suggest residual insulin resistance that is unusual in HIV-positive patients. Diverse glucose abnormalities exist in AIDS. Awareness of their presentation is clinically helpful.
A Patient with Myeloid Metaplasia of the Skin and Mouth
Authors: Abdul Rahman Jazieh, Mohammad J. Kyasa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Post-polycythemic myeloid metaplasia is characterized by increasing splenomegaly, dacryocytes, anemia, extensive bone marrow fibrosis, and a leukoerythroblastic blood picture.1 We de...
Arsenic Exposure Transforms Human Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells into a Cancer Stem-like Phenotype
Authors: Erik J. Tokar, Bhalchandra A. Diwan, Michael P. Waalkes
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

Inorganic arsenic is a ubiquitous environmental carcinogen affecting millions of people worldwide. Evolving theory predicts that normal stem cells (NSCs) are transformed into cancer stem cells (CSCs) that then drive oncogenesis. In humans, arsenic is carcinogenic in the urogenital system (UGS), including the bladder and potentially the prostate, whereas in mice arsenic induces multi-organ UGS cancers, indicating that UGS NSCs may represent targets for carcino-genic initiation. However, proof of emergence of CSCs induced by arsenic in a stem cell population is not available.
Influence of order and type of drug (bisoprolol vs. enalapril) on outcome and adverse events in patients with chronic heart failure: a<i>post hoc</i>analysis of the CIBIS-III trial
Authors: Christian Funck-Brentano, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Louis L.M. van de Ven, Ferenc Follath, Michael Goulder, Ronnie Willenheimer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Medical Audit JCAH-Style: A Positive View
Authors: Richard L. Porus
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor. —  If Dr Rosenberg's assault on outcome audit had not been accompanied by a full page of misinformation, one would have no difficulty agreeing with his central line of argument, ie, good audit must contain both process and outcome elements.  However, his statement that outcome audit is based largely on length of stay criteria, and that the PEP-JCAH system is therefore inadequate, is not correct. He confuses the central issue with the argument that somehow discussion of process items is more inherently interesting than is discussion of outcome elements. His statement that a PEP-style medical audit cannot be a useful instrument of continuing medical education has no more basis in fact than his statement about length of stay as the sole indicator of good care in the PEP system. Although I agree that good audits must be based on both process and outcome elements, his other statements
Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Lung Function in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Mary B. Rice, Petter L. Ljungman, Elissa H. Wilker, Diane R. Gold, Joel D. Schwartz, Petros Koutrakis, George R. Washko, George T. O’Connor, Murray A. Mittleman
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Rationale: Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with lower lung function. Few studies have examined whether these associations are detectable at relatively low levels of pollution within current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.Objectives: To examine exposure to ambient air pollutants within EPA standards and lung function in a large cohort study.Methods: We included 3,262 participants of the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts living within 40 km of the Harvard Supersite monitor in Boston, Massachusetts (5,358 examinations, 1995–2011) who were not current smokers, with previous-day pollutant levels in compliance with EPA standards. We compared lung function (FEV1 and FVC) after previous-day exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) in the “moderate” range of the EPA Air Quality Index to exposure in the “good” range. We also examined linear relationships between moving averages of pollutant concentrations 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days before spirometry and lung function.Measurements and Main Results: Exposure to pollutant concentrations in the “moderate” range of the EPA Air Quality Index was associated with a 20.1-ml lower FEV1 for PM2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], −33.4, −6.9), a 30.6-ml lower FEV1 for NO2 (95% CI, −60.9, −0.2), and a 55.7-ml lower FEV1 for O3 (95% CI, −100.7, −10.8) compared with the “good” range. The 1- and 2-day moving averages of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 before testing were negatively associated with FEV1 and FVC.Conclusions: Short-term exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and O3 within current EPA standards was associated with lower lung function in this cohort of adults.
Mobilization of CD34-Positive Bone Marrow–Derived Cells After Coronary Stent Implantation
Authors: Teruo Inoue, Masataka Sata, Yutaka Hikichi, Ryoichi Sohma, Daiju Fukuda, Toshihiko Uchida, Minoru Shimizu, Hiroshi Komoda, Koichi Node
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that bone marrow–derived stem cells are capable of differentiating into vascular cells. It has been hypothesized that the inflammatory response after vascular injury triggers the mobilization of endothelial and smooth muscle progenitor cells from bone marrow. Methods and Results— We measured circulating CD34-positive mononuclear cells, activation of integrin Mac-1 on the surface of neutrophils, and plasma granulocyte-colony stimulating factor levels in 40 patients undergoing coronary stenting. After bare-metal stenting, CD34-positive cells increased, reaching a maximum on day 7 after stenting. The maximum change compared with baseline before stenting was more striking in patients with restenosis than without restenosis (332±108% versus 148±49%; P &lt;0.05). In contrast, CD34-positive cells decreased after sirolimus-eluting stenting (72±21% on day 7). The change in CD34-positive cells on day 7 relative to baseline was closely correlated with that in activated Mac-1 at 48 hours ( R =0.52, P &lt;0.01) and that in granulocyte-colony stimulating factor levels at 24 hours ( R =0.42, P &lt;0.05). Cell culture assay on day 7 showed that mononuclear cells differentiated into CD31-positive endothelium-like cells after bare-metal stenting. In patients with restenosis, mononuclear cells differentiating into α-smooth muscle actin–positive smooth muscle–like cells also were observed. Implantation of sirolimus-eluting stents suppressed both types of differentiation. Conclusions— Stent implantation may induce differentiation of bone marrow cells into endothelial or smooth muscle cells. Endothelial cells may participate in reendothelialization, a protective reaction against vascular injury, whereas smooth muscle cells may participate in neointimal thickening and restenosis. Sirolimus-eluting stents appear to inhibit the mobilization and differentiation of bone marrow cells.
The Marlborough Doctors
Authors: R. Rolls
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Dick Maurice Alan Sutton, pounds sterling12.99, pp 99 ISBN 0 07509 0831 9

If today's general practitioners feel hard done by they might reflect on the workload of their predecessors. For Drs Pinckney and Maurice, who became partners in 1792, there were no rotas and they both worked a seven day week making several visits each day over a radius of ten miles or more from their practice in Marlborough. Considering the poor quality of roads, the harshness of winters, and the need to change …
Obstetrics and malpractice. Evidence on the performance of a selective no-fault system
Authors: R. R. Bovbjerg
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Most malpractice litigation in obstetrics could be replaced with an alternative insurance system based on "accelerated-compensation events," which are classes of medical injuries determined in advance by medical experts to be readily identifiable, normally preventable with good care, and nondistorting of medical decision making. This professionally derived system would help prevent injury and improve the resolution of injuries. Prior work on accelerated-compensation events was largely conceptual, so to study the likely effects of accelerated-compensation events, we applied the events to a large database of obstetrical malpractice claims. Results refute prior criticisms. Accelerated-compensation events (1) are definitely feasible to develop and apply, (2) would probably cover two thirds of currently paid claims and three quarters of indemnity dollars, (3) would likely involve substantial savings in time and expense per case, and (4) would probably not introduce an unmanageable number of large new claims. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:2836-2843)
Abstract 3022: PAR-2 activation is required for cancer stem cells maintenance through upregulation of POSTN
Authors: Yiming Ma, Hongying Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Backgrounds: PARs are seven transmembrane-spanning domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) which act as targets of certain serine proteinases, such as thrombin and trypsin. PAR2 is the only member in the family which cannot be activated by thrombin. The studies in knockout mice revealed that PAR2 plays more important roles in tumor formation compared to other PARs. Aims: To investigate the roles of PAR2 activation in cancer stem cell maintenance and possible mechanisms. Methods and Results: In human colorectal cancer samples, PAR2 was significantly correlated with CD133 at mRNA level measured with real time PCR. With six colorectal cancer cell lines, it was found that the cell line with higher level of PAR2 expression presents higher rate of CD133+ cells and vice versa. To test whether PAR2 is required for cancer stem cell, we developed cell lines with knock down of PAR2 stablely. It was found that inhibition of PAR2 expression in cancer cells not only reduced the level of CD133 but also significantly blocked the ability of sphere formation in vitro. In addition, we found that PAR2 activation induced the expression of POSTN, which is a well established secreted protein related to cancer stem cell maintenance. Deficiency of PAR2 in cancer cell also reduced the level of POSTN. More importantly, recombinant POSTN protein was able to restore the ability of sphere formation decreased by PAR2 deficiency in cancer cells. Furthermore, Activation of PAR2 caused TGFβ activation without affecting levels of total TGFβ. Given that TGFβ(5ng/ml) only could stimulate POSTN expression, it is very possible that PAR2 stimulates POSTN expression through TGFβ-related pathway. Finally, to test the role of PAR2-induced POSTN in cancer stem cell maintenance in vivo, we measured the correlation of PAR2 and POSTN in paired primary and metastatic ovarian cancer samples. Not surprisingly, significant correlation of PAR2 and POSTN expression was only observed in metastatic ovarian cancer group, which express significant higher level of cancer stem cell-related genes compared with primary group. Conclusion: Our study strongly indicated that PAR2 activation was involved in cancer stem cell maintenance through TGFβ- mediated POSTN expression. Citation Format: Yiming Ma, Hongying Wang. PAR-2 activation is required for cancer stem cells maintenance through upregulation of POSTN. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3022. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3022
Observations of Sensory Deprivation in a Life-Threatening Situation
Authors: NATHAN L. COMER, LEO MADOW, JAMES J. DIXON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The illusions and hallucinations experienced by two miners trapped together for six days in a situation of marked reduction of sensory input are described. Their mental productions were chiefly related to wishes to be rescued, either by simple means such as doorways and stairs or by more powerful forces such as the Pope. Neither man exhibited evidence of psychosis or marked mental abnormality when examined two and three days after rescue.
CARDIOVASCULAR CO-MORBIDITIES AND FIVE YEAR SURVIVAL IN A LARGE CONTEMPORARY OUTPATIENT COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: J. Malcolm O. Arnold, Andrew Ignaszewski, Annemarie Kaan, Jonathan Howlett, Marie LeBlanc, Peter Liu, Haissam Haddad, David Bewick, Thomas Ashton, Gordon Marchiori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
"Uniform Requirements" Agreement Updated
Authors: EDWARD HUTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Editorial Notes1 January 1980"Uniform Requirements" Agreement UpdatedEDWARD HUTH, M.D.EDWARD HUTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-1-122 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe agreement among editors of 19 American, British, and Canadian journals on manuscript requirements announced in our January 1979 issue (1) and in American Review of Respiratory Disease (2), British Medical Journal (3), and The Lancet (4) at about the same time has been joined by editors of other journals. The list in Table 1 includes the titles of journals in this agreement as of 24 October 1979. To hold this list to an acceptable length, only journals indexed in Index Medicus have been included.Other journals that have joined the agreement but are not listed here can be identified...References1. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:95-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979;119:3-10. Google Scholar3. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Br Med J. 1979;1:532-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Lancet. 1979;1:428-31. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EDWARD HUTH, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFate of Cardiology Research Originally Published in Abstract Form 1 January 1980Volume 92, Issue 1Page: 122-123KeywordsPulmonary diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Thalassemia: A Progress Report on Applied Molecular Biology
Authors: David G. Nathan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

The severe forms of thalassemia impose debilitating burdens on many underdeveloped nations — fardels that approach those resulting from schistosomiasis and malaria. The homozygous form of β-thalassemia (Cooley's anemia), first described in this country, is relatively rare here, but the practical benefits of research in thalassemia will accrue as rapidly here as in other parts of the world. Fundamental research on thalassemia, of the type exemplified by the article of Crystal et al. in this issue of the Journal, goes to the very root of the problem of human genetic expression. In fact, as the molecular basis of the . . .
A new manifestation of infection with Epstein-Barr virus.
Authors: H Smith, A M Denman
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A new manifestatior. of infection with Epstein-Barr virusWe describe a patient with a specific T-lymphocyte defect in whom Epstein-Barr (EB) virus produced a prolonged bizarre illness which responded to treatment with corticosteroids. Case reportA 27-year-old English housewife was admitted to the Lister Unit, Northwick Park Hospital, on 1 March 1977 with a 10-day history of fever, sweating, rigors, and sore throat.She had received ampicillin without improvement.History included glomerulonephritis when she was 11, very severe chickenpox lasting two months when she was 13, and severe oral herpes complicated by a facial nerve palsy when she was 24.She had also suffered measles, rubella, and mumps but these were mild illnesses.There were no recorded episodes of severe bacterial infections.Family history was non-contributory.She was ill with a temperature of 385' C and diffuse erythema of face (not typical of lupus erythematosus or the ampicillin-mononucleosis eruption).Lymph nodes were palpable in cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions; the spleen was palpated 2-3 cm below the left costal margin.There was no tonsillar exudate but a few petechiae were present on the palate.The
Longitudinal myocardial displacement and strain rate in the hypertrophied heart evaluated by tissue strain imaging with doppler angle correction and tissue tracking technique
Authors: Tomotsugu Tabata, Hideji Tanaka, Eriko Kimura, Kenji Harada, Tetsuzo Wakatsuki, Takashi Yamamoto, Akihiro Saito, Kozo Uehara, Norihito Kageyama, Hirotsugu Yamada, Takashi Oki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
To Nap or Not to Nap? Residents' Work Hours Revisited
Authors: Melvin S. Blanchard, David Meltzer, Kenneth S. Polonsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

The medical profession must provide quality, cost-effective care and seek high standards of patient safety. To improve patient safety in our teaching hospitals, a committee of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently proposed further reductions to duty-hour limits in residency training programs implemented by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) in 2003.1 In this issue of the Journal, Nuckols et al.2 report on the extension of a study commissioned by the IOM to estimate the labor costs and cost-effectiveness of implementing four major IOM recommendations: adherence to the 80-hour workweek, a 5-hour nap during extended shifts, a 16-hour . . .
Tackling the challenges to health equity in China
Authors: Shenglan Tang, Qingyue Meng, Lincoln Chen, Henk Bekedam, Tim Evans, Margaret Whitehead
Journal: The Lancet (2008)

In terms of economic development, China is widely acclaimed as a miracle economy. Over a period of rapid economic growth, however, China's reputation for health has been slipping. In the 1970s China was a shining example of health development, but no longer. Government and public concerns about health equity have grown. China's health-equity challenges are truly daunting because of a vicious cycle of three synergistic factors: the social determinants of health have become more inequitable; imbalances in the roles of the market and government have developed; and concerns among the public have grown about fairness in health. With economic boom and growing government revenues, China is unlike other countries challenged by health inequities and can afford the necessary reforms so that economic development goes hand-in-hand with improved health equity. Reforms to improve health equity will receive immense popular support, governmental commitment, and interest from the public-health community worldwide.
Effects of CS-514 on serum lipoprotein lipid and apolipoprotein levels in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Hiroshi Mabuchi, Nobuo Kamon, Hajime Fujita, Ichiro Michishita, Mitsuaki Takeda, Kouji Kajinami, Hideaki Itoh, Takanobu Wakasugi, Ryoyu Takeda
Journal: Metabolism (1987)