tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic dilatation and curettage.
Authors: O Shiel, M Turner
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Analysis of obstetric outcome at Coombe Lying-In Hospitalfor 1992.Figures are numbers (percentages) of women Primiparous Multiparous All women women women (n=2457) (n=4029) (n=6486) Prolonged labour 244 (9 9) 83 (2 1) 327 (5 0) Epidural analgesia 1710 (69-6) 1237 (30-7) 2947 (454) Episiotomy 1077 (43 8) 420 (10-4) 1497 (23-1) Forceps delivery
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE AURI ET SODII CHLORIDUM U. S. P.
Authors: DANIEL R. BROWER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Auri et sodii chloridum is a mixture of equal parts of dry gold chlorid and sodium chlorid. It is very soluble in water and very easily decomposed by sunlight and organic matter, This drug is tonic, alterative, bactericidal, and antiseptic. It acts on the digestive tract, in small doses improving the appetite, stimulating the functions of the liver and stomach, promoting assimilation and general nutrition. The larger doses continued produce epigastric pain, nausea, and anorexia. Still larger doses produce violent gastro-enteritis without ulceration and salivation. Six and a half centigrams (gr. 1) have produced these symptoms in an adult, and this same dose has produced death in a dog in four minutes. In anemia, in small doses, it increases percentage of hemoglobin and the number of red blood corpuscles; on the nervous system, in small doses, it is a cerebral stimulant, making the mind more active, and often inducing in
POST-OPERATIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION FOLLOWING ORTHOTOPIC HEART TRANSPLANTATION: IS AUTONOMIC DENERVATION PROTECTIVE?
Authors: Amit Noheria, Sandeep M. Patel, Sultan Mirzoyev, Richard C. Daly, Sudhir S. Kushwaha, Brooks S. Edwards, Samuel J. Asirvatham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The John Phillips Memorial Award Lecture: Responsibility in the Use of Artificial Organs.
Authors: Willem J. Kolff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973The John Phillips Memorial Award Lecture: Responsibility in the Use of Artificial Organs.Willem J. Kolff, M.D., F.A.C.P., Belding H. Scribner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Willem J. Kolff, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Belding H. Scribner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-812_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFederal legislation now recognizes that the government should bear financial responsibility for terminal renal disease. The provisions of H.R. 1 and estimates of the cost and consequences will be discussed. How can the squandering of federal money on needlessly expensive equipment and services be avoided? The manner in which the provisions of this law are executed will doubtlessly influence future government support for other illnesses.What is the future of single-needle dialysis, artificial blood vessels, charcoal kidneys, and the control of hepatitis? Does the intra-aortic balloon pump saves lives? What is the status of artificial heart and cardiac assist devices?... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Willem J. Kolff, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Belding H. Scribner, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Salt Lake City, Utah, and Seattle, Washington PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 812-812KeywordsBlood vesselsForecastingHeartHepatitisKidneysLegislationMedical dialysisRenal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
ELECTRICAL REMODELING PREDICTS RISK OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN ASYMPTOMATIC ADULTS
Authors: Larisa Tereshchenko, Dan Arking, Nona Sotoodehnia, Yiyi Zhang, Lichy Han, Ronald Berger, Gordon Tomaselli, David Siscovick, Wendy Post, Josef Coresh, Eliseo Guallar, Elsayed Soliman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Thrombomodulin Ala455Val Polymorphism and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Kenneth K. Wu, Nena Aleksic, Chul Ahn, Eric Boerwinkle, Aaron R. Folsom, Harinder Juneja
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Thrombomodulin (TM) is expressed on the endothelial surface and plays an important role in vasoprotection. A common polymorphism of TM at amino acid position 455 with an alanine (A) to valine (V) transition was previously reported to be associated cross-sectionally with acute myocardial infarction. Whether this single nucleotide polymorphism predicts risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) is unclear.Within a large cohort study, we identified 467 incident CHD cases during an average of 5 years of follow-up. We determined TM-455 genotypes on 376 CHD cases (23% black, 77% white) and a reference sample of 461. The AA genotype was significantly more prevalent in noncases than in cases (P:=0.016). The prevalences of the AA genotype in noncase blacks and whites were 93% and 67%, respectively. The AA genotype frequency was significantly reduced in black cases versus noncases (P:=0.018). It was also lower in white cases than in noncases, but the difference was not statistically significant (P:=0.066). Weighted proportional hazards regression analysis after adjustment for age, sex, and other CHD risk factors showed that having the V allele increased risk of CHD by 6.1-fold (risk ratio 6.1, 95% CI 1.7 to 22.9) in blacks but did not significantly increase the risk in whites.The TM A455V polymorphism predicts risk of developing CHD in blacks.
A QUASI-CONTINUOUS RECORDER FOR OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE FOR CLINICAL ATMOSPHERE CONTROL 1
Authors: Jesse G. M. Bullowa, Grace Lubin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1931)

Rapid and dependable methods of gas analysis are essential in the operation of tents and cubicles if specific concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide are to be maintained for treatment.From a clinical standpoint, chemical methods of analysis have the following distinct limitations.Unless tests are performed at very frequent intervals, a complete record of variations is not obtained.Individual.determinations are time consuming, usually requiring from 5 to 10 minutes, while the apparatus and solutions need frequent attention and their correct use involves considerable technical skill.Recent application of the thermal conductivity method of gas analysis for automatically recording oxygen and carbon dioxide in air has greatly simplified the problem of clinical atmosphere control in the atmosphere control room operated at Harlem Hospital.Oxygen losses due to leaks, or accompanying the opening of the door, are promptly indicated on the recorder chart, and can thus be reduced to a minimum and compensated by increased flow, while the chart is obviously helpful in controlling decarbonation.The daily record promotes economy in operation as well as the safety of the patients, and, by providing an accurate check on the conditions of operation, it renders them less subject to human factors (1, 7).Since thermal conductivity instruments, calibrated for the direct measurement of oxygen in air, and also for the measurement of carbon dioxide in the presence of high and fluctuating oxygen tensions, have ' Supported by the Committee for the Encouragement of Medical Re- search and the Littauer Pneumonia Research Fund of New.York University.
Gestational Exposure to Lovastatin Followed by Cardiac Malformation Misclassified as Holoprosencephaly
Authors: Robin J. Edison, Maximilian Muenke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

To the Editor: In 2004, we reported central nervous system and limb anomalies that followed exposure to statin drugs in the first trimester of pregnancy (April 8, 2004, issue).1 One case, in which there had been exposure to lovastatin, was described as involving holoprosencephaly on the basis of three separate reports of a “cerebral/brain ventricular septal defect,” with accompanying cardiac malformations that had been submitted to the Food and Drug Administration adverse-event database. We recently learned that the manufacturer considered the structural anomalies to be solely cardiac, and therefore we requested source documentation to clarify the conflicting reports. A detailed . . .
THE USE OF INSECTICIDES AGAINST LICE
Authors: A. Bacot
Journal: BMJ (1916)

AGAINST LICE [ TDiCAz -4-Ti 7patient survives the operation for three years or over, her life has been prolonged by tlle operation.On this basis it wvill be seen that out of the 80 cases that recovered from tlhe operation 49, or 61.2 per cent., had tlheir life prolonged, namely: Ctured cases . . .... ... 39 Recurrent cases ..... .7 Cases lost sight of ... ... ... 3 49Conctluding Remzarks.This series of 100 cases of radical extirpation of carcinoma of the cervix uteri reviewed on an absolute cure basis is tlle first to be produced from a British source, all previous evidence as to the final value of tlle operation baving come from the Continent.The attitucle of characteristic cautiousness which distinguishes this country in taking up innovations from abroad extends to surgery, and there are not wanting those wlio still i'iew the procedure askance or even with hostility.Tllhe operation is one no suraeon can undertake liglhtly, for beyond the considerable mental and physical strain which accompanies its performance he may lhave to face the anxiety of a critical convalescence or the dishearten- ment of failure, and the more so the more advanced cases he ventures upon.His reward comes five years later, and, as this paper slhows, is onie well wortlh tlle striving for.
Novel Stably Transplantable Xenograft Models of Human Breast Cancer for Evaluation of Experimental Therapeutics.
Authors: L. Dobrolecki, M. Landis, X. Zhang, J. Huang, Q. Lai, H. Wong, A. Contreras, J. Chang, M. Lewis
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract In translational breast cancer research, our ability to evaluate clinical responses of human tumors to new therapeutic agents is severely limited experimentally. For example, it is not possible to evaluate the response of a single tumor to multiple candidate therapeutic agents. Conversely, the limited number of well-characterized in vivo preclinical human tumor models currently available precludes evaluation of multiple clinically relevant tumors with candidate therapeutic agents. These limitations severely impinge on our ability to develop and test novel therapeutic agents, particularly those that may target tumor-initiating “cancer stem cells”, which are relatively resistant to chemotherapy and radiation and may be responsible for disease recurrence and metastases.Historically, in vivo experimental therapeutic research has relied on either genetically engineered animal models, or “xenograft” transplantation models in which established human cancer cell lines are transplanted into immunocompromised host mice. However, each type of model has significant limitations. We sought to circumvent some of these limitations by propagating a cohort of human tumors as stably transplantable xenograft tissue lines grown in the absence of engineered or immortalized fibroblasts by transplanting clinical biopsies directly into the mammary fat pad of SCID/Beige immunocompromised mice (lacking B-cell, T-cell, and NK cell function) without intervening culture in vitro.Thus far, we have established 13 independent stably transplantable xenograft lines representing nine “triple-negative” (ER-PR-HER2-), two HER2+, and two ER+ breast cancers. Established xenograft lines show phenotypic similarity to the primary tumor with respect to histology and gene expression. Xenografts are being characterized genetically by whole genome sequencing as well as for the diversity of tumor-initiating cell types present. These models are proving useful for the evaluation of experimental therapeutics for their ability to inhibit tumor growth, and for their ability to target the subset cancer cells capable of regenerating tumors upon transplantation, with the goals of overcoming chemoresistance, preventing disease recurrence, and eliminating metastases. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1159.
Evolution of risk factors and characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C between 1990 and 1997 in an urban area in France
Authors: A. Bastie, M. Foury, C. Hézode, I. Lonjon, J.M. Métreau, C. Douvin, A. Mallat, D. Dhumeaux, F. Roudot-Thoraval
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Pharmacological management of neuropathic pain in non-specialist settings: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: T. Tan, P. Barry, S. Reken, M. Baker
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Neuropathic pain is often difficult to treat as it is resistant to many medications and effective medications often have adverse effects. Its estimated prevalence is between 1% and 2% in the United Kingdom.1 Treatment practice is thought to vary considerably throughout the UK in terms of starting treatment, achievement of therapeutic doses, and correct sequencing of therapeutic classes, thus probably leading in some cases to inadequate pain control, with considerable morbidity. This article summarises the most recent recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on drug management for neuropathic pain in adults in primary and secondary care, excluding specialist pain services.2 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available clinical and cost effectiveness evidence. When minimal evidence is available, recommendations are based on the Guideline Development Group's experience and opinion of what constitutes good practice including, in this guidance, lessons derived from other clinically relevant fields. Evidence levels for the recommendations are given in italic in square brackets. The following definitions apply to this guideline: ### Key principles of care
GPs are advised to cut back on extra work to defend core services
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2015)

GPs should decline unfunded additional work if it interferes with their ability to deliver safe and high quality core services to patients, the BMA’s General Practitioners Committee has advised.

This recommendation is contained in new guidance designed to help practices cope with an escalating workload that the BMA warns is threatening to damage patient care. The guidance, Managing Workload to Deliver Safe Patient Care ,1 offers detailed practical advice to general practices on how to work “within manageable limits” to deliver safe and high quality care.

The guidance urged GPs not to undertake clinical work that has been transferred from secondary or community care unless they receive adequate funding to do so. “If the clinical commissioning group (CCG) or commissioner does not fund workload shift, or an enhanced service, then the practice should decline to provide it, since …
Middle ear instrument nomenclature: a taxonomic approach
Authors: J. S. Phillips, M. J. Mason, H. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Starting from a common origin in the early 17th century, the divergent evolution of the English language between North America and Great Britain holds a great deal of interest for linguists, but is a source of confusion to the unwary traveller.1 An example of such confusion arose when the lead author of this article, trained in the UK as an otolaryngologist, found that his use of the term “crocodile forceps”—referring to the commonly used surgical instrument used to perform delicate middle ear surgery—met with bewilderment in US and Canadian hospitals (fig 1⇓). There, as it turned out, the term “alligator forceps” was prevalent.



Fig 1 Hartmann Alligator Micro-Forceps, model MCO13B. Manufactured by Microfrance Incorporated. Medtronic Xomed, Jacksonville, FL (reproduced with permission)



To avoid such communication problems, biologists maintain strict rules relating to their formal nomenclature. The earliest binomial for an organism, published within or since Carl Linnaeus’s Species Plantarum (1753; for plants) or the first volume of his 10th edition of Systema Naturae (1758; for animals), is by international convention considered to be the only valid name.2 On further investigation, however, an organism can be reclassified as belonging to a different genus, whereupon its scientific name can properly be changed.

In the interests of scientific clarity, a dispassionate investigation of the correct terminology for these forceps is clearly long overdue. We address this important issue both through establishing priority of nomenclature within the literature and through original investigations of jaw morphology. Modern crocodyliforms within the suborder Eusuchia appeared in the Cretaceous period3 …
Immunologic Aspects of Ulcerative Colitis and Regional Enteritis of the Colon.
Authors: Richard G. Farmer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Immunologic Aspects of Ulcerative Colitis and Regional Enteritis of the Colon.Richard G. Farmer, M.D., F.A.C.P., S. D. Deodhar, M.D., W. M. Michener, M.D.Richard G. Farmer, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, S. D. Deodhar, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, W. M. Michener, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1147_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIncreasing evidence has accrued that immunologic mechanisms are important in the etiology of perpetuation of ulcerative colitis. The relationship between ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis of the colon (transmural colitis, granulomatous colitis) has been studied clinically and pathologically, but not immunologically. Sera from 232 patients were analyzed for the presence of colonic, antinuclear, thyroid, and parietal cell antibodies. Group I consisted of 41 patients with ulcerative colitis and 35 patients with regional enteritis of the colon. Group II consisted of 47 patients with other gastrointestinal diseases. In group III were 54 with diseases of "immune cause," and group IV included... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Richard G. Farmer, M.D., F.A.C.P.; S. D. Deodhar, M.D.; W. M. Michener, M.D.Affiliations: Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEscherichia Coli O:14 and Colon Hemagglutinating Antibodies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1147-1147KeywordsAntibodiesColitisColonEnteritisEtiologyParietal cellsThyroidUlcerative colitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Trusts to handle minor complaints against doctors, says GMC
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Complaints about doctors that do not involve any suggestion that the doctor is not fit to practise are to be handled by NHS employers rather than the General Medical Council, the council agreed last week. Also, any doctors being investigated for minor complaints will no longer have their name removed from the GMC's online database, as has happened in the past.

The changes to the GMC's complaints procedures aim to speed up the investigation of minor complaints and to reduce anxiety for doctors.

“We have listened …
Efficacy and Tolerability of Budesonide/Formoterol in One Hydrofluoroalkane Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Stephen I. Rennard, Donald P. Tashkin, Jennifer McElhattan, Mitchell Goldman, Sulabha Ramachandran, Ubaldo J. Martin, Philip E. Silkoff
Journal: Drugs (2009)
Replacing Ganciclovir Implants
Authors: Michael G. Morley, Jay S. Duker, Paul Ashton, Michael R. Robinson
Journal: Ophthalmology (1995)

Purpose: The authors report their surgical experience replacing empty ganciclovir implants in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Methods: A chart review of all patients receiving two or more ganciclovir implants was performed. Results: Nine eyes in eight patients received two or more implants. The average time before a second implant was needed was 6 months. Cytomegalovirus retinitis was controlled in all patients except one. Three patients required intermittent intravenous exogenous anti-CMV therapy, one for persistent CMV retinitis and two for systemic CMV. Visual acuity of 20/40 or better was maintained in five of eight patients, despite a longstanding history of CMV retinitis. Conclusion: In this small series, most patients retained good vision after ganciclovir implant replacement. Purpose: The authors report their surgical experience replacing empty ganciclovir implants in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis. Methods: A chart review of all patients receiving two or more ganciclovir implants was performed. Results: Nine eyes in eight patients received two or more implants. The average time before a second implant was needed was 6 months. Cytomegalovirus retinitis was controlled in all patients except one. Three patients required intermittent intravenous exogenous anti-CMV therapy, one for persistent CMV retinitis and two for systemic CMV. Visual acuity of 20/40 or better was maintained in five of eight patients, despite a longstanding history of CMV retinitis. Conclusion: In this small series, most patients retained good vision after ganciclovir implant replacement.
Patients warned of dangers of Chinese medicines
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine have agreed to cooperate with the Department of Health to improve the safety of traditional medicines after concerns that they may contain potentially toxic or carcinogenic ingredients.

Last week the Committee on Safety of Medicines said that random tests were still finding banned substances such as mercury and arsenic in traditional Chinese medicines sold in the United Kingdom, despite previous warnings. Some medicines also contained steroids, even though the label did not declare it.

Banned products containing the herb aristolochia, which has been associated with two cases of kidney disease in the United Kingdom in 1999, are also still …