tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pragmatic Replication Trial of Health Promotion Coaching for Obesity in Serious Mental Illness and Maintenance of Outcomes
Authors: Stephen J. Bartels, Sarah I. Pratt, Kelly A. Aschbrenner, Laura K. Barre, John A. Naslund, Rosemarie Wolfe, Haiyi Xie, Gregory J. McHugo, Daniel E. Jimenez, Ken Jue, James Feldman, Bruce L. Bird
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2014)

Few studies targeting obesity in serious mental illness have reported clinically significant risk reduction, and none have been replicated in community settings or demonstrated sustained outcomes after intervention withdrawal. The authors sought to replicate positive health outcomes demonstrated in a previous randomized effectiveness study of the In SHAPE program across urban community mental health organizations serving an ethnically diverse population.Persons with serious mental illness and a body mass index (BMI) >25 receiving services in three community mental health organizations were recruited and randomly assigned either to the 12-month In SHAPE program, which included membership in a public fitness club and weekly meetings with a health promotion coach, or to fitness club membership alone. The primary outcome measures were weight and cardiorespiratory fitness (as measured with the 6-minute walk test), assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months.Participants (N=210) were ethnically diverse (46% were nonwhite), with a mean baseline BMI of 36.8 (SD=8.2). At 12 months, the In SHAPE group (N=104) had greater reduction in weight and improved fitness compared with the fitness club membership only group (N=106). Primary outcomes were maintained at 18 months. Approximately half of the In SHAPE group (51% at 12 months and 46% at 18 months) achieved clinically significant cardiovascular risk reduction (a weight loss ≥5% or an increase of >50 meters on the 6-minute walk test).This is the first replication study confirming the effectiveness of a health coaching intervention in achieving and sustaining clinically significant reductions in cardiovascular risk for overweight and obese persons with serious mental illness.
Emerging novel and antimicrobial-resistant respiratory tract infections: new drug development and therapeutic options
Authors: Alimuddin Zumla, Ziad A Memish, Markus Maeurer, Matthew Bates, Peter Mwaba, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq, David W Denning, Frederick G Hayden, David S Hui
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2014)
New international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Douglas Chamberlain
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Guidelines recommend CPR with a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 

This week authoritative new international guidelines for managing cardiopulmonary arrest have been published. They arise from global cooperation coordinated by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation.1 The committee was established in 1992, and in 2000 produced the first guidelines intended for global use.2 The new recommendations for 2005 are described as a “consensus on science,” and they reflect the growing recognition that different countries and regions have varied resources and needs.

The consensus statement provides both content and a framework that the main international councils can use and adapt to produce their own broadly similar guidelines with a common core of key recommendations for resuscitation from cardiopulmonary arrest. Both the consensus statement and the European Resuscitation Council guidelines drawn from it can be downloaded from www.erc.edu.3 4 The American Heart Association published the consensus statement and their own guidelines simultaneously.5 6

The European guidelines have been adopted by the Resuscitation Council (UK) without modification (www.resus.org.uk).7 The principal changes in the European guidelines since 2000 are both welcome and, on the basis of the available science, broadly as expected. The principal new thrust, supported by much new evidence, is a greater emphasis on the optimal performance of chest compressions. Many believe that the failure to show any appreciable increase in survival rates over recent decades …
An Enterotoxin-Like Protein in Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Patients with Toxic Shock Syndrome
Authors: MERLIN S. BERGDOLL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

An enterotoxin-like protein, tentatively labeled enterotoxin F, was isolated from Staphylococcus aureus strains taken from patients with toxic shock syndrome. Antibodies specific for enterotoxin F were prepared in rabbits. Use of these antibodies showed that 130 (91.5%) of 142 S. aureus strains from patients with toxic shock syndrome produced enterotoxin F. Strains from toxic shock patients in eight other countries were identified as enterotoxin F producers. Only a small number of S. aureus strains from sources other than patients with toxic shock syndrome were found to produce enterotoxin F. Twenty-one of 111 controls had low antibody titers (<1:100) to enterotoxin F whereas 86 of 92 toxic shock patients had low acute phase antibody titers (<1:100) to enterotoxin F. Eight of 52 patients had serum conversion as shown by an increase in antibody titer to enterotoxin F in sera taken 21 to 60 days after onset of the illness. It may be possible to identify persons susceptible to toxic shock syndrome by measuring their antibody titer to enterotoxin F.
First patient enters trial to test safety of stem cells in spinal injury
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The first patient has been recruited to a clinical trial to assess the safety of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells to treat complete spinal cord injury, a US company, Geron, reported on Monday 11 October.

The phase I study is investigating the safety and tolerability of stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. The aim is to recruit a group of patients with injuries graded as A on the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, which means that they have complete loss of sensory and motor function, with the last fully preserved neurological level from the T3 to T10 thoracic vertebrae.

Patients who meet these criteria are being recruited at seven …
54 PRESENCE OF ONLY WILDTYPE VIRUS IS THE STRONGEST DETERMINANT OF HBVDNA UNDETECTABILITY AND HBSAG CLEARANCE IN HBEAG-POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON
Authors: M.J. Sonneveld, V. Rijckborst, S. Zeuzem, E.J. Heathcote, K. Simon, H. Senturk, S.D. Pas, B.E. Hansen, H.L. Janssen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Sodium-lithium Transport in Adolescents With IDDM: Relationship to incipient nephropathy and glycemic control
Authors: Charles H Crompton, J Williamson Balfe, Judith A Balfe, Alice Chatzilias, Denis Daneman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine genetic and environmental influences in the development of early diabetic nephropathy and to assess the value of measuring membrane sodium transport as a marker for early nephropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We measured erythrocyte sodium- lithium (Na-Li) countertransport, blood pressure (BP), HbA1c, and microalbuminuria (MA) in 84 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 29 of whom had MA. Twenty-nine non-MA patients were selected and matched for age, sex, and IDDM duration with the 29 diabetic subjects with MA. The 84 diabetic adolescents were also compared with 85 nondiabetic siblings. RESULTS The erythrocyte Na-Li countertransport was significantly greater in the IDDM group than in the sibling group (mean ± SD, 0.41 ± 0.14 vs. 0.30 ±0.11 mmol Li · liters of erythrocytes–1 · h–1, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.0001), but a significant correlation was noted between the results in IDDM subjects and their siblings (r = 0.42, P &amp;lt; 0.0008). Na-Li countertransport was not different in the diabetic subjects with or without MA (0.43 ± 0.13 vs. 0.37 ± 0.13 mmol Li · liters of erythrocytes–1 · h–1, respectively). There was a significant correlation in the IDDM group between recent diabetic control (HbA1c) and Na-Li countertransport (r = 0.37, P &amp;lt; 0.003). Diastolic BP was significantly higher in the IDDM group with MA than in those without MA (60 ± 6 vs. 55 ± 6 mmHg, respectively, P &amp;lt; 0.03). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that erythrocyte Na-Li countertransport is influenced by the diabetic milieu. However, there was also evidence in our subjects of a genetic contribution to Na-Li countertransport as seen by the correlation between levels in the IDDM subjects and their siblings. Using Na-Li countertransport, we were not able to segregate those IDDM adolescents with and without early nephropathy.
Use of autologous blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells at point-of-care to protect against implant thrombosis in a large animal model
Authors: Alexandra E. Jantzen, Whitney O. Lane, Shawn M. Gage, Ryan M. Jamiolkowski, Justin M. Haseltine, Lauren J. Galinat, Fu-Hsiung Lin, Jeffrey H. Lawson, George A. Truskey, Hardean E. Achneck
Journal: Biomaterials (2011)
Abstract 2680A: Small molecule induces apoptosis through the inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Kuen-Feng Chen, Wei-Lin Chen, Wei-Tien Tai, Ann-Lii Cheng, Pei-Jer Chen, Chung-Wai Shiau
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Sorafenib, a multiple kinase inhibitors, shows therapeutic effects in renal carcinoma (RCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our data shows that the inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3, a transcription factor involving in cell proliferation and survival, represents a major mechanism whereby sorafenib induces apoptosis in HCC cells. Sorafenib inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT3 and subsequently reduced the STAT3-regulating protein, Mcl-1, survivin and cyclinD1. In addition, the activity of SHP-1, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, is increased in HCC cells by the treatment of sorafenib. We hypothesize that the antitumor effect of sorafenib can be attributed to the level STAT3 and the activity of SHP-1. Therefore, we design and synthesize a sorafenib derivative, SC-1, which is devoid of kinase activity. SC-1 shows higher potency in inducing apoptosis than sorafenib. Therefore, SC-1 provides a proof of concept for the design of a new class of agents that enhance SHP-1 activity along and synergize with therapeutic agent in HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2680A.
Review Assesses Safety, Effectiveness of Antimalaria Drug Combinations
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
440 Assessment of efficacy and duration of action of procaterol (P), albuterol (A) and placebo (P1) for prevention of EIA using repeated treadmill exercise
Authors: GG Shapiro, CT Furukawa, CW Bierman, WE Pierson, LC Altman, JP Kemp, EO Meltzer, HA Orgel, MJ Welch
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
Antireflux stents to reduce the risk of cholangitis in patients with malignant biliary strictures: a randomized trial
Authors: Bing Hu, Tian-tian Wang, Jun Wu, Zhi-mei Shi, Dao-jian Gao, Ya-min Pan
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

There are limited data on the role of antireflux biliary stents. This single-center randomized trial compared the endoscopic use of partly covered antireflux metal stents (pcARMS) with that of standard uncovered self-expandable metal stents (ucSEMS) for the palliation of nonhilar malignant biliary obstruction.Between August 2007 and February 2012, patients with nonhilar malignant biliary obstruction were randomly assigned to treatment with either pcARMS or ucSEMS. Subsequent follow-up was conducted in clinic or by phone. The primary outcome was onset of cholangitis within 12 months of stenting. Secondary outcomes included other morbidities, stent dysfunctions, and survival.Altogether 112 patients were included, 56 in each group. The stents were successfully deployed in all patients. Satisfactory jaundice control was achieved in 49 cases in the pcARMS group, compared with 47 in the ucSEMS group (P = 0.135). Fewer patients experienced cholangitis in the pcARMS group than in the ucSEMS group (10 vs. 21 patients; P = 0.035), and the frequency of episodes was less (P = 0.022). Respectively, 17 and 29 stent dysfunctions before death were observed in the pcARMS and ucSEMS groups (P = 0.051) and the median stent patency was 13.0 (standard deviation [SD] 3.4) and 10.0 (1.2) months, respectively (P = 0.044). At final follow-up, in January 2013, 50 /52 and 52 /55 patients had died and no difference in median survival was seen between the two groups (8.0 vs. 9.0 months, P = 0.56).Stenting with pcARMS compared with standard ucSEMS reduces risk of ascending cholangitis and has longer stent patency, but does not increase patient survival. Chictr.org. number, ChiCTR-TRC-11001800.
Response to Mid Staffordshire should be low on regulation and high on clinical responsibility, conference hears
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Ministers should resist creating a “new wave of regulation” in the wake of the public inquiry into failures of care at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust, a conference has heard.

Jeremy Taylor, chief executive of National Voices, a coalition of charities representing patients, called for a cautious and considered response to the investigation being chaired by Robert Francis QC.

He said, “First, don’t panic. In the UK we have a tendency to overreact to calamities. I think the power of regulation to improve safety and quality is limited.”

Mr Taylor was speaking at a Westminster Health Forum seminar on NHS quality and safety, held in London on Thursday 8 September. The event was convened to discuss what lessons might be learnt from the Mid Staffordshire saga to improve standards of care and make regulation more effective.

Mr Taylor, who is also …
Neovascularization Capacity of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Critical Limb Ischemia Patients Is Equivalent to Healthy Controls
Authors: Hendrik Gremmels, Martin Teraa, Paul HA Quax, Krista den Ouden, Joost O Fledderus, Marianne C Verhaar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2014)

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is often poorly treatable by conventional management and alternatives such as autologous cell therapy are increasingly investigated. Whereas previous studies showed a substantial impairment of neovascularization capacity in primary bone-marrow (BM) isolates from patients, little is known about dysfunction in patient-derived BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In this study, we have compared CLI-MSCs to healthy controls using gene expression profiling and functional assays for differentiation, senescence and in vitro and in vivo pro-angiogenic ability. Whereas no differentially expressed genes were found and adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation did not significantly differ between groups, chondrogenic differentiation was impaired in CLI-MSCs, potentially as a consequence of increased senescence. Migration experiments showed no differences in growth factor sensitivity and secretion between CLI- and control MSCs. In a murine hind-limb ischemia model, recovery of perfusion was enhanced in MSC-treated mice compared to vehicle controls (71 ± 24% versus 44 ± 11%; P < 1 × 10(-6)). CLI-MSC- and control-MSC-treated animals showed nearly identical amounts of reperfusion (ratio CLI:Control = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.82-1.14), meeting our criteria for statistical equivalence. The neovascularization capacity of MSCs derived from CLI-patients is not compromised and equivalent to that of control MSCs, suggesting that autologous MSCs are suitable for cell therapy in CLI patients.
Repeated Testing and Appropriate Use of Echocardiography
Authors: Rory B. Weiner, Malissa J. Wood, Patricia A. Pellikka
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Energy Expenditure With Indoor Exercise Machines
Authors: Anne I. Zeni, Martin D. Hoffman, Philip S. Clifford
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To compare the rates of energy expenditure at given rating of perceived exertion (RPE) levels among 6 different indoor exercise machines.Repeated measures design.Healthy young-adult volunteers, including 8 men and 5 women.Subjects underwent a 4-week habituation period to become familiar with the RPE scale and exercise on an Airdyne, a cross-country skiing simulator, a cycle ergometer, a rowing ergometer, a stair stepper, and a treadmill. Following habituation, each subject completed an exercise test with each exercise machine. The exercise test comprised 3 stages of 5 minutes at self-selected work rates corresponding to RPE values of 11 (fairly light), 13 (somewhat hard), and 15 (hard). Oxygen consumption, from which the rate of energy expenditure was calculated, was measured during the last minute of each 5-minute exercise stage. Heart rate was measured during the last minute of each stage of the exercise test, and blood lactate levels were obtained immediately after each exercise stage.Rate of energy expenditure at specified RPE values.Rates of energy expenditure at a given RPE varied by 1093 kJ/h (261 kcal/h) for the exercise machines. The treadmill induced higher (P < .05) rates of energy expenditure for fixed RPE values than all other exercise machines. The cross-country skiing simulator, rowing ergometer, and stair stepper induced higher (P < .05) rates of energy expenditure than the Airdyne and cycle ergometer. Heart rate varied significantly (P < .01) among exercise machines, with the highest values associated with the treadmill and the stair stepper. Lactate concentration varied significantly (P = .004), with highest values associated with use of the stair stepper and the rowing ergometer.Under the conditions of the study, the treadmill is the optimal indoor exercise machine for enhancing energy expenditure when perceived exertion is used to establish exercise intensity.
Bleeding duodenal ulcer with a right upper quadrant mass
Authors: F J Foo, A M Smith, M Sheridan, A A Nicholson
Journal: Gut (2008)

A 72-year-old woman presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and haematemesis. She was known to have gallstones, diabetes and hypertension. On admission, she was afebrile and haemodynamically stable. Clinical examination revealed a …
Genetic deficiency of short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase in cultured fibroblasts from a patient with muscle carnitine deficiency and severe skeletal muscle weakness.
Authors: P M Coates, D E Hale, G Finocchiaro, K Tanaka, S C Winter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Genetic deficiency of short-chain acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase activity was demonstrated in cultured fibroblasts from a 2-yr-old female whose early postnatal life was complicated by poor feeding, emesis, and failure to thrive. She demonstrated progressive skeletal muscle weakness and developmental delay. Her plasma total carnitine level (35 nmol/ml) was low-normal, but was esterified to an abnormal degree (55% vs. control of less than 10%). Her skeletal muscle total carnitine level was low (7.6 nmol/mg protein vs. control of 14 +/- 2 nmol/mg protein) and was 75% esterified. Mild lipid deposition was noted in type I muscle fibers. Fibroblasts from this patient had 50% of control levels of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity towards butyryl-CoA as substrate at a concentration of 50 muM in a fluorometric assay based on the reduction of electron transfer flavoprotein. All of this residual activity was inhibited by an antibody against medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. These data demonstrated that medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase accounted for 50% of the activity towards the short-chain substrate, butyryl-CoA, under these conditions, but that antibody against that enzyme could be used to unmask the specific and virtually complete deficiency of short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase in this patient. Fibroblasts from her parents had intermediate levels of activity towards butyryl-CoA, consistent with the autosomal recessive inheritance of this metabolic defect.
Too many books?
Authors: L. S. King
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal