tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Anemia in an Inner-City Community
Authors: Richard Katzman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The extent of anemia was investigated in 1,789 individuals under 21 years of age residing in an inner-city neighborhood. The study group was composed of 56% black, 33% Spanish-speaking, and 11% white individuals. The results reveal that 12.5% of those 10 to 36 months of age, 4.4% of those 3 to 10 years of age, 2.4% of those 10 to 14 years of age, and 13.5% of the girls and 1.2% of the boys 14 to 21 years of age were anemic by hematocrit determination. With the use of hemoglobin determinations, a larger proportion was found to be anemic. Ethnic differences were noted among teen-age girls: white and Spanish-speaking girls were found to be anemic less frequently than black girls of the same age. The results suggest that nutrition counseling and iron supplementation, when indicated, should continue into adolescence.
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of 1-Year Mortality and Rehospitalization in Older Patients Discharged From Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Marcello Maggio, Andrea Corsonello, Gian Paolo Ceda, Chiara Cattabiani, Fulvio Lauretani, Valeria Buttò, Luigi Ferrucci, Stefania Bandinelli, Angela Marie Abbatecola, Liana Spazzafumo, Fabrizia Lattanzio
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has rapidly increased during the past several years. However, concern remains about risks associated with their long-term use in older populations.To investigate the relationship between the use of PPIs and the risk of death or the combined end point of death or rehospitalization in older patients discharged from acute care hospitals.We investigated the relationship between PPI use and study outcomes using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression in patients 65 years or older discharged from acute care medical wards from April 1 to June 30, 2007.Eleven acute care medical wards.Four hundred ninety-one patients (mean [SD] age, 80.0 [5.9] years).Mortality and the combined end point of death or rehospitalization. RESULTS The use of PPIs was independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.03-2.77]) but not with the combined end point (1.49 [0.98-2.17]). An increased risk of mortality was observed among patients exposed to high-dose PPIs vs none (hazard ratio, 2.59 [95% CI, 1.22-7.16]).In older patients discharged from acute care hospitals, the use of high-dose PPIs is associated with increased 1-year mortality. Randomized controlled studies including older frail patients are needed. In the meantime, physicians need to use caution and balance benefits and harms in long-term prescription of high-dose PPIs.
Mechanism of paradoxic pulse in bronchial asthma.
Authors: F Jardin, J C Farcot, L Boisante, J F Prost, P Gueret, J P Bourdarias
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To elucidate the mechanism of paradoxic pulse in severe bronchial asthma, we performed hemodynamic studies and measured esophageal pressure in nine patients who had status asthmaticus and clinical paradoxic pulse. Two-dimensional echocardiography allowed simultaneous assessment of cyclic changes in right- and left-heart size throughout the respiratory cycle. Esophageal pressure varied from a markedly negative level during inspiration (-24.4 +/- 6.5 cm H2O) to a positive level during expiration (7.6 +/- 6.0 cm H2O). Competition between right- and left-heart chambers for pericardial space during inspiration was suggested by the reduced left ventricular cross-sectional area at end-systole (-24%, p less than 0.01) and end-diastole (-32%, p less than 0.01), the leftward septal shift, and the increased right ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (42%, p less than 0.01) and end-diastole (40%, p less than 0.001). Competition for filling, however, could not entirely account for the paradoxic pulse, for systemic and pulmonary pulse pressures were almost (within one cardiac cycle) in phase: both were minimal at inspiration and maximal at expiration. The increase in impedance to right ventricular ejection is another major factor reducing left ventricular preload at inspiration. This reduction in preload was shown to be the predominant mechanism for the decrease in left ventricular stroke output at inspiration.
Assessing Quality of Care
Authors: Eric S. Holmboe, Rebecca Lipner, Ann Greiner
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatopulmonary syndrome following portopulmonary hypertension
Authors: O. C. Ioachimescu, A. C. Mehta, J. K. Stoller
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Portopulmonary hypertension (PPHTN) and hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) are distinct clinical entities that may accompany liver disease. While PPHTN and HPS have been infrequently described as occurring in the same patient, to the present authors’ knowledge, the order of occurrence has always been the initial onset of HPS, with pulmonary hypertension developing either concurrently or subsequently. In some instances, liver transplantation has been undertaken for HPS, followed by resolution of the HPS and subsequent development of pulmonary hypertension. The current case study presents a patient with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis in whom PPTHN developed initially, followed 2 yrs later by the development of the HPS. The current authors speculate that progressive imbalance in favour of endogenous vasodilators over vasoconstrictive factors led to normalisation of the pulmonary artery pressures.
The Feasibility of Deferred Cholecystectomy in Elderly Patients With Obstructive Gallstone Disease (Ogsd) Following Successful Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (Ercp) – A Comparative Observational Analysis
Authors: Marta Sochaj, Edmund Leung, Nara Manimaran, Marcelino Yazbek-Hanna, James Francombe
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2010)
Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From the <i>Annals</i> Archive
Authors: Deborah Cotton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Editorials6 January 2015Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From the Annals ArchiveDeborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy EditorDeborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2654 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail During the 2015 centennial year of the American College of Physicians, publisher of Annals of Internal Medicine, the Annals editors will link an article in each issue with an earlier paper from our archives addressing the same disease or clinical question. We hope our readers find this interesting and we welcome comments, especially from physicians who were practicing at the time of publication of the original paper who might offer insight into the impact of the earlier paper on their knowledge or practice.In this issue, Liu and colleagues report the results of a randomized trial of multitarget therapy as ...References1. Liu Z, Zhang H, Liu Z, Xing C, Fu P, Ni Z, et al. Multitarget therapy for induction treatment of lupus nephritis. A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:18-26. doi:10.7326/M14-1030 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Donadio JV, Holley KE, Wagoner RD, Ferguson RH, McDuffie FC. Treatment of lupus nephritis with prednisone and combined prednisone and azathioprine. Ann Intern Med. 1972;77:829-35. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-77-6-829 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Deborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoTreatment of Lupus Nephritis with Prednisone and Combined Prednisone and Azathioprine JAMES V. DONADIO JR. , KEITH E. HOLLEY , RICHARD D. WAGONER , RICHARD H. FERGUSON , FREDERIC C. McDUFFIE Multitarget Therapy for Induction Treatment of Lupus Nephritis Zhihong Liu , Haitao Zhang , Zhangsuo Liu , Changying Xing , Ping Fu , Zhaohui Ni , Jianghua Chen , Hongli Lin , Fuyou Liu , Yongcheng He , Yani He , Lining Miao , Nan Chen , Ying Li , Yong Gu , Wei Shi , Weixin Hu , Zhengzhao Liu , Hao Bao , Caihong Zeng , and Minlin Zhou Metrics 6 January 2015Volume 162, Issue 1Page: 70KeywordsArchivesClinical trial reportingDrug therapyDrugsHeart rateImmunosuppressivesLupus erythematosusLupus nephritisRandomized trialsRenal system ePublished: 6 January 2015 Issue Published: 6 January 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Arterial Replacement: Failure of Synthetic Prostheses
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Cooke and his co-workers<sup>1</sup>reported three cases of aneurysmal dilation (one with fatal rupture) in Dacron aortic prosthetic grafts. The authors noted that, although similar instances of Dacron prosthesis failure in peripheral arteries had been reported, they could find no previous record of dilation of an aortic prosthesis. Two of the dilated prostheses were recovered, but, despite extensive testing, reasons for graft failure were not identified. In editorial comment on the report by Cooke et al, Deterling<sup>2</sup>stated "that when using manufactured devices for human spare parts, one must commit himself to a followup of such a patient for his remaining life." Only by this means will the safety and effectiveness of the spare part become known. Deterling concluded with a plea for reporting all graft failures, preferably with identifying details of material and construction and an attempt to evaluate factors responsible for failure. In the current issue
Galectin-9 Inhibits Glomerular Hypertrophy in db/db Diabetic Mice via Cell-Cycle–Dependent Mechanisms
Authors: Masako Baba, Jun Wada, Jun Eguchi, Izumi Hashimoto, Tatsuo Okada, Akihiro Yasuhara, Kenichi Shikata, Yashpal S. Kanwar, Hirofumi Makino
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

Galectins are beta-galactoside-binding lectins that are involved in various biologic processes, such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell-cycle regulation. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) was identified previously and demonstrated to have apoptotic potential to thymocytes in mice and activated CD8(+) T cells in nephrotoxic serum nephritis model. In this study, the effect of Gal-9 on G1-phase cell-cycle arrest, one of the hallmark pathologic changes in early diabetic nephropathy, was investigated. Eight-week-old male db/db mice received injections of recombinant Gal-9 or vehicle for 8 wk. The injection of Gal-9 into db/db mice significantly inhibited glomerular hypertrophy and mesangial matrix expansion and reduced urinary albumin excretion. Gal-9 reduced glomerular expression of TGF-beta1 and the number of p27(Kip1)- and p21(Cip1)-positive cells in glomeruli. Double staining with nephrin and type IV collagen revealed that podocytes were mainly positive for p27(Kip1). For further confirming the cell-cycle regulation by Gal-9, conditionally immortalized mouse podocyte cells were cultured under 5.5 and 25 mM d-glucose supplemented with Gal-9. Cell-cycle distribution analyses revealed that Gal-9 maintained further progression of cell cycle from the G1 phase. Gal-9 reversed the high-glucose-mediated upregulation of p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1) and inhibited cell-cycle-dependent hypertrophy, i.e., reduced [(3)H]proline incorporation. The data suggest that Gal-9 plays a central role in inducing their successful progression from G1 to G2 phase by suppressing glomerular expression of TGF-beta1 and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. Gal-9 may give an impetus to develop new therapeutic tools targeted toward diabetic nephropathy.
Type I Interferons Protect T Cells against NK Cell Attack Mediated by the Activating Receptor NCR1
Authors: Josh Crouse, Gregor Bedenikovic, Melanie Wiesel, Mark Ibberson, Ioannis Xenarios, Dorothee Von Laer, Ulrich Kalinke, Eric Vivier, Stipan Jonjic, Annette Oxenius
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Persistence of the Gallbladder Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: a Case Report
Authors: S. A. Cohen, F. F. Attiyeh, F. E. Kasmin, J. H. Siegel
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the technique of choice for cholecystectomy. No experience with congenital abnormalities of the gallbladder has been reported. We report here the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed recurrent symptoms seven months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and was found to have the majority of her gallbladder still intact. We speculate that the patient had a bilobate gallbladder as the explanation for the mishap. She subsequently underwent open repeat surgery.
Use of Pyrimethamine-Sulfadoxine (Fansidar) in Prophylaxis Against Chloroquine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum and Pneumocystis carinii
Authors: RICHARD D. PEARSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

The widespread emergence of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum led to the formulation of an effective, fixed combination of two antimalarial agents, pyrimethamine and the long-acting sulfonamide sulfadoxine, for prophylaxis and treatment. These drugs act at sequential steps to inhibit the formation of tetrahydrofolate in the parasite. Recently, their use for malaria prophylaxis has been associated with severe, at times fatal, cutaneous reactions including erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. These reactions have necessitated a major reassessment of the indications for pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine use and increased the search for pharmacologic, immunologic and behavioral approaches to the prophylaxis and treatment of infection with P. falciparum. Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine may be effective in preventing recurrent pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but life-threatening cutaneous reactions have also been reported in this setting.
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infection: A European perspective
Authors: Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Beatriz Calle Serrano, Karsten Wursthorn, Katja Deterding, Jerome Schlue, Regina Raupach, Robert Flisiak, C.-Thomas Bock, Michael P. Manns, Heiner Wedemeyer, Markus Cornberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Improved Tumor Staging in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Annika Lindblom
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Successful treatment is available for many neoplasms, but patients with cancer often die despite therapy because of a disseminated tumor that was not detected at the time of diagnosis. Surgery alone is sometimes enough to cure a patient with a solid tumor, but many patients who relapse might have been cured if they had been given additional treatment, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The selection of patients who would benefit most from adjuvant therapy is crucial because of the side effects of the additional treatment.Colorectal cancer is perhaps the best example of a neoplasm in which stage and prognosis . . .
Identification of bovine IgG as a major cross‐reactive vertebrate meat allergen
Authors: R. Ayuso, S. B. Lehrer, M. Lopez, G. Reese, M. D. Ibañez, M. Martin Esteban, D. R. Ownby, H. Schwartz
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: Although beef is a main source of protein in Western diets, very little has been published on allergic reactions to beef or the main allergens implicated in these reactions. The aim was to evaluate the IgE antibody response to beef in suspected meat‐allergic subjects and assess cross‐reactivity of beef with other vertebrate meats. Methods: Fifty‐seven sera from suspected meat‐allergic subjects were tested by grid blot for specific IgE antibodies to vertebrate meats (beef, lamb, pork, venison, and chicken), and the patterns of recognition of meat proteins were assessed by immunoblot studies. Results: A 160‐kDa band, identified as bovine IgG, was detected in raw beef in 83% (10/12) of beef‐allergic subjects but in only 24% of the beef‐tolerant subjects. IgE reactivity to a band of similar mol. mass was detected also in lamb and venison, but rarely in pork or chicken. Complete inhibition of the IgE reactivity to the bovine IgG was obtained with lamb, venison, and milk. IgE reactivity to this band also completely disappeared when beef or lamb extracts were separated under reducing conditions, indicating conformational epitopes. Conclusions: Bovine IgG appears to be a major cross‐reacting meat allergen that could predict beef allergy. Further studies with oral IgG challenges should be performed to document the conclusion that in vitro reactivity correlates with clinical hypersensitivity. The role of bovine IgG in other bovine products such as milk, dander, or hair must also be studied, and the hypothesis that it is a cross‐reacting allergen with other mammalian products validated.
Abstract 4084: Alteration of BC200 RNA biogenesis in cancer cells
Authors: Jungmin Lee, Youngmi Kim, Minseok S. Kim, Younghoon Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BC200 RNA was initially identified as a noncoding RNA of about 200 nt in somatodendritic domains of human nerve cells. It is thought to act as a translational modulator for local protein synthesis. Since BC200 RNA was not observed in somatic cells other than neurons, it was regarded as a neural-specific RNA. However, the neuron-only expression of BC200 does not hold true because it is highly expressed in a number of tumors that are of non-neuronal origin. In this study, we examined biogenesis of BC200 RNA in tumors in detail using cancer cell lines. BC200 RNA was expressed at high levels in several cancer cell lines, but at low levels in normal cell lines. Primer extension analysis and self-ligation RACE revealed that the size of BC200 RNA isolated from cancer cells was heterogeneous, implying the difference of BC200 RNA biogenesis between cancer cells and neural cells. The treatment of actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, had little effect on the cellular level of BC200 RNA in cancer cells, but led to the rapid degradation of BC200 RNA in normal cells. This result suggests that BC200 RNA is metabolically unstable in normal cells, while it becomes stable in cancer cells. The increase of stability of BC200 RNA in cancer cells could explain why BC200 RNA was observed at high levels in cancer cells. For cancer cells to maintain high levels of BC200 RNA, therefore, they should have a strategy for RNA protection that normal cells cannot provide. If BC200 RNA plays analogous functional roles in cancer cells as in nerve cells, BC200 RNA may provoke tumorigenesis by repressing translation of tumor suppressing genes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4084.
The Impact of Heat Waves on Mortality in Seven Major Cities in Korea
Authors: Ji-Young Son, Jong-Tae Lee, G. Brooke Anderson, Michelle L. Bell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Understanding the health impacts of heat waves is important, especially given anticipated increases in the frequency, duration, and intensity of heat waves due to climate change.We examined mortality from heat waves in seven major Korean cities for 2000 through 2007 and investigated effect modification by individual characteristics and heat wave characteristics (intensity, duration, and timing in season).Heat waves were defined as ≥ 2 consecutive days with daily mean temperature at or above the 98th percentile for the warm season in each city. We compared mortality during heat-wave days and non-heat-wave days using city-specific generalized linear models. We used Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate overall effects within and across all cities. In addition, we estimated effects of heat wave characteristics and effects according to cause of death and examined effect modification by individual characteristics for Seoul.Overall, total mortality increased 4.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): -6.1%, 15.4%] during heat waves compared with non-heat-wave days, with an 8.4% increase (95% CI: 0.1%, 17.3%) estimated for Seoul. Estimated mortality was higher for heat waves that were more intense, longer, or earlier in summer, although effects were not statistically significant. Estimated risks were higher for women versus men, older versus younger residents, those with no education versus some education, and deaths that occurred out of hospitals in Seoul, although differences among strata of individual characteristics were not statistically significant.Our findings support evidence of mortality impacts from heat waves and have implications for efforts to reduce the public health burden of heat waves.
A FURTHER DISCUSSION ON MALARIA A WATERBORNE DISEASE.
Authors: W. H. DALY
Journal: JAMA (1895)

A paper which I read before the American Climatological Association, in Washington, May 29, 1894, entitled, "Some Practical Observations on so-called Malaria being a Waterborne Disease," and published in the<i>Medical Record</i>of Sept. 15, 1894, has called forth in the<i>Medical Record</i>, and other medical journals, much correspondence pro and con; it has also brought to me many private letters from prominent medical men, who have read my paper, many, in fact most of them, not only indorsing my observations and views, but giving as a result of their own independent observations, data which strengthen the position I have been brought to contend for. I am pleased to learn of the widespread attention the paper has received, and only ask that the same unprejudiced observations will be resorted to that my paper comprehended, that every factor in the question shall be taken account of, and that causes and consequences
Side effects of therapy of hepatitis C and their management
Authors: Michael W. Fried
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Interferon and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C produces a number of well-described side effects that are dominated by fatigue, influenza-like symptoms, hematologic abnormalities, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Combination therapy with pegylated interferons (peginterferon alfa-2a and alfa-2b) yields an adverse event profile similar to standard interferon, although the frequency of certain adverse events may vary by preparation. Premature withdrawal from therapy due to adverse events was required in 10% to 14% of participants in registration trials of these agents. Most adverse events were safely and effectively managed by dose reduction using predetermined criteria. The most common indications for dose reduction were hematologic abnormalities, such as anemia and neutropenia, with the latter more frequent in peginterferon treatment arms. Recent data suggest that maintaining adherence to a prescribed treatment regimen can enhance antiviral response. Strategies to maximize adherence are being developed and, in the future, may include early identification of and therapy for depression and the selective use of hematopoietic growth factors to ameliorate hematologic abnormalities.