tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
24-Hour Oscillation of Mouse Methionine Aminopeptidase2, a Regulator of Tumor Progression, Is Regulated by Clock Gene Proteins
Authors: Hiroo Nakagawa, Satoru Koyanagi, Takako Takiguchi, Yukako Kuramoto, Shinji Soeda, Hiroshi Shimeno, Shun Higuchi, Shigehiro Ohdo
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Methionine aminopeptidase2 (MetAP2) plays an important role in the growth of endothelial cells during the tumor angiogenesis stage. Recently, we have clarified that mouse methionine aminopeptidases (mMetAPs) show a 24-hour rhythm in implanted tumor masses. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism underlying the 24-hour rhythm of mMetAP2 activity in tumor-bearing mice under a light-dark (lights on from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.) cycle. The 5' flanking region of mMetAP2 included eight E-boxes. The transcription of the mMetAP2 promoter was enhanced by the mCLOCK:mBMAL1 heterodimer, and its activation was inhibited by mPER2 or mCRY1. Deletion and mutation of the E-boxes in the region indicated that the E-box nearest to the initiation start site played an important role in the transcriptional regulation by clock genes. In sarcoma180-bearing mice, the pattern of binding of mCLOCK and mBMAL1 to the E-box and transcription of the mMetAP2 promoter showed a 24-hour rhythm with higher levels from the mid-light to early dark phase. The pattern of mMetAP2 transcription was closely associated with that of mMetAP2 mRNA expression in three types of tumor-bearing mice. mMetAP2 protein expression varied with higher levels from the late-dark to early light phase. The rhythmicity of the protein expression was synchronous with that of the activity of mMetAPs but out of phase with that of the mMetAP2 mRNA expression. These results suggest that the 24-hour rhythm of mMetAP2 activity is regulated by the transcription of clock genes within the clock feedback loops.
Urothelial Nodal Metastasis With Direct Vertebral Invasion: PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Osseous metastases with subtle trabecular bone involvement are not diagnosed on radiographs or CT. PET/CT is a more sensitive combined imaging modality in the precise localization of such lesions providing a more accurate staging of cancer. The author presents 2 cases of transitional cell carcinoma with an uncommon pattern of direct lumbar spine invasion from an adjacent nodal metastasis.
OVARIAN TUMORS OF ENDOCRINE NATURE
Authors: EMIL NOVAK
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Not so many years ago the general concept of tumors was that they are collections of cells which have cut themselves off from all functional activity, living in a purely parasitic way. It is known now that this is not invariably true and that a considerable degree of functional activity may be retained by the cells of certain tumors, especially those of highly differentiated type. In the case of neoplasms of the endocrine glands such a persistence of function has long been recognized, probably because its manifestations are more striking, involving tissues and functions far removed from the tumor site itself. Many examples of functional endocrine tumors are now adducible as producing well established clinical syndromes. Among these may be mentioned adenoma of the eosinophilic, basophilic or chromophobic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary and certain tumors of the thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal (both cortex and medulla) glands
Turning points in dermatology during the 20th century
Authors: J.A.A. Hunter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Turning points in dermatology during the 20th century Get access J.A.A. Hunter J.A.A. Hunter The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 1, 1 July 2000, Pages 30–40, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03586.x Published: 01 July 2000
A doctor's lifelong campaign to revive the Olympic games
Authors: Wendy Moore
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Anybody who looks into the single eye of Wenlock, the Olympic mascot, would be forgiven for not guessing, but the revival of the modern Olympics is due in large part to the marathon efforts of a single minded English country doctor named William Penny Brookes.⇑

Brookes was born in 1809 in Much Wenlock, in Shropshire, and trained in surgery in London, Paris, and Padua before returning to his home town to take over his father’s medical practice in 1831. Brookes was cast in the mould of the archetypal Victorian philanthropist, and threw himself into civic duties with gusto. Almost …
Doctors condemn NHS comparison website
Authors: J. Carlowe
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The Department of Health has launched a web tool that will allow patients to rate and compare hospitals as if they were on an internet comparison site. 

The hospital “scorecard” on the NHS Choices website will enable patients to read reviews on mortality rates, infection rates (including rates for meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile ), cleanliness, staff performance, quality of food, the extent to which patients were involved in decisions concerning their care and whether they would recommend the hospital to friends and …
Ketonaemia in Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: P. J. Watkins, D. M. Hill, M. G. Fitzgerald, J. M. Malins
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Blood ketone bodies, serum insulin levels, and plasma free fatty acids were examined in a series of patients with “non-ketotic diabetic coma” and compared with the findings in ketoacidotic subjects. Serum insulin levels in six “non ketotic” patients ranged between 1 and 25 μu./ml. and were not significantly different from levels reported in patients with ketoacidosis. In addition, plasma free fatty acids were shown to be unrelated to the degree of ketonaemia. The investigation shows that neither the levels of serum insulin nor those of free fatty acids can explain the absence of hyperketonaemia in some cases.
Fluoxetine and Suicide Rates: Author's Reply
Authors: Julio Licinio
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Suicide is a complex outcome which cannot be attributed to a single factor. While we explored an association between suicide and antidepressant prescriptions, we fully acknowledge, as Camargo and Bloch suggest [1], that our work does not fully explain the observed trends. However, in other settings, the same association between increased antidepressant prescriptions and decreases in suicide have been observed. Please refer to the following article, published after ours came out in PLoS Medicine: “Increased antidepressant use and fewer suicides in Jamtland county, Sweden, after a primary care educational programme on the treatment of depression” [2]. I look forward to reading Camargo and Bloch's new article on the association of socioeconomic factors and suicide rates.
Cornelia de Lange syndrome is caused by mutations in NIPBL, the human homolog of Drosophila melanogaster Nipped-B
Authors: Ian D Krantz, Jennifer McCallum, Cheryl DeScipio, Maninder Kaur, Lynette A Gillis, Dinah Yaeger, Lori Jukofsky, Nora Wasserman, Armand Bottani, Colleen A Morris, Malgorzata J M Nowaczyk, Helga Toriello, Michael J Bamshad, John C Carey, Eric Rappaport, Shimako Kawauchi, Arthur D Lander, Anne L Calof, Hui-hua Li, Marcella Devoto, Laird G Jackson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2004)
Arsenic Toxicity With "High" Doses of Carbarsone
Authors: Howard J. Schwartz
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Carbarsone, an organic pentavalent arsenical widely used as an amebicide, has been reported only infrequently as causing toxic reactions,<sup>1,2</sup>and these instances are usually mild. Our recent observation of two cases of severe toxic reaction prompts this communication. A 29-year-old white male, entirely well until the onset of amebic dysentery, was admitted with a two-day history of malaise, disorientation, irritability, and tonic-clonic seizures. Two days prior to admission he had completed a ten-day course of carbarsone, 250 mg four times daily. Other therapy included emetine, 1 grain daily for six days, and tetracycline, 250 mg four times daily for two days. Coma, hyperreflexia, and decerebrate posturing were present on admission. Lumbar puncture revealed a mild pleocytosis and a protein value of 434 mg/100 cc. An electroencephalogram showed diffuse cerebral dysfunction. After dimercaprol (BAL) therapy arsenic was found in the urine, and the patient recovered. A 27-year-old
Prevalence and Predictive Factors for Regional Osteopenia in Women with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Steven Grinspoon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: Anorexia nervosa is highly prevalent among young women. Objective: To determine prevalence and predictive factors for regional bone loss. Design: Prospective cohort analysis. Setting: University hospital. Patients: 130 women with anorexia nervosa. Measurements: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results: The prevalence of osteopenia (−1.0 SD ≥ T-score > −2.5 SD) and osteoporosis (T-score ≤ −2.5 SD) was 50% and 13% for the anterior–posterior spine, 57% and 24% for the lateral spine, and 47% and 16% for the total hip, respectively. Bone mineral density (BMD) was reduced by at least 1.0 SD at one or more skeletal sites in 92% of patients and by at least 2.5 SD in 38% of patients. Weight was the most consistent predictor of BMD at all skeletal sites. Twenty-three percent of patients were current estrogen users, and 58% were previous estrogen users. Bone mineral density did not differ by history of estrogen use at any site. Conclusions: Bone mineral density is reduced at several skeletal sites in most women with anorexia nervosa. Weight, but not estrogen use, is a significant predictor of BMD in this population at all skeletal sites.
Autoimmune cytopenia does not predict poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma†
Authors: Mouhammed J. Kyasa, Rudolph S. Parrish, Steven A. Schichman, Clive S. Zent
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) is characterized by an acquired immune defect that can cause autoimmune complications, including anemia and thrombocytopenia. We conducted an observational study of the epidemiology, clinical presentation and significance of autoimmune complications of CLL/SLL in 132 patients from a large population (>45,000 veterans), in which at least 90% of patients with CLL/SLL have been previously identified. Over a period of 12.5 years, 12 patients (9.1%) had autoimmune complications; of these, 6 (4.5%) had autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), 5 (3.8%) had immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), and 1 (0.8%) had pure red blood cell aplasia (PRBA). All 6 cases of AIHA had a positive direct immunoglobulin test for IgG and C3d. In 6 patients, CLL/SLL was an incidental finding at the time of presentation with autoimmune cytopenia. Nine out of 10 patients responded to immunosuppressive therapy, which was complicated by serious infection in 7 cases, one of which was fatal. The major cause of mortality in patients with autoimmune complications of CLL/SLL was secondary malignancy. Survival of patients with immune cytopenia was not significantly different from CLL/SLL patients without immune cytopenia. Among patients with anemia or thrombocytopenia, mortality was significantly higher in those with bone marrow failure compared to an autoimmune etiology. We show that in a non-referred population with a high incidence of CLL/SLL, autoimmune cytopenia can occur early in the natural history of the disease. These data suggest that the Rai and Binet classifications for CLL need to be modified for patients with autoimmune cytopenia. .
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome: Second Alert
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1977)

An earlier JAMA editorial 1 described the symptoms and course of mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MLNS), which is evidently a new disease or a mysterious variant of some other known disease. The editorial mentioned that what was formerly a Japanese disease affecting young children had been identified in widely separated areas of the United States and Canada and would be recognized more often.  The forecast has been substantiated; 1976 was the year for reporting cases of MLNS, and the nature of some of the reports suggests that diagnosis was made retrospectively. Furthermore, evidence has accrued to indicate underreporting rather than overreporting. For example, in this issue (p 2299) Bergeson et al describe the case of a 7-year-old girl in whom MLNS was accompanied by serologic findings that pointed to a diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The authors therefore wonder how often MLNS has been misidentified as Rocky Mountain spotted
Motivation for Brief Dynamic Psychotherapy
Authors: Per Høglend
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1996)

Background: Preliminary research indicates that motivation may be a key predictor of success in brief dynamic psychotherapy, but different aspects of motivation have not been studied as predictors. Methods: In this study 48 out-patients were clinically evaluated before therapy with regard to different aspects of motivation. Seven motivation items modified after Sifneos were rated by several experienced judges. Forty-three patients were treated and followed up 2 and 4 years after brief dynamic psychotherapy. The predictive validity of each of the motivation items was tested by their direct correlations with long-term outcome, and their collective predictive validity was tested by use of multiple regression analyses. Results: The interrater reliability was problematic for single items, but when the average scores of 4 judges were used, adequate reliabilities on 4 items were achieved. Two items, Motivation for change and Realistic expectations, showed the best predictive validity of long-term outcome. Conclusions: An Active engagement aspect of motivation may predict both successful and unsuccessful cases. Our data indicate that patients should be instructed about the principles and procedures of dynamic psychotherapy and they should be told why it is important for them to actively test alternative problem-solving strategies during and after therapy.
Users' guides to the medical literature. V. How to use an article about prognosis. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group
Authors: A. Laupacis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>CLINICAL SCENARIO</h3> You are about to see a 76-year-old retired schoolteacher for the second time. You first saw her in the clinic a month ago because of cognitive problems. Your evaluation at that time included a Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination,<sup>1</sup>on which she scored 18 out of a possible 30 points, and a physical examination that was normal including no focal neurological signs. You arranged investigations for the treatable causes of dementia that were negative, and you thus feel she has probable Alzheimer's disease. The patient has lived with her son since her husband died 6 years ago. Her son thinks that she first developed significant problems with her memory about 3 years ago. However, she has become increasingly agitated and paranoid during the last year. She has refused to allow him to look after her financial affairs, despite the fact that she owns three pieces of property and
Use of Animals in Medical Education
Authors: Leonard B. Segal
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To  Editor.  —The AMA Council's report on  Use of Animals in Medical Education 1 reports on  opportunity for students to develop expertise in a given technique before   procedure on a human being. Probably less than 5% of medical students will ever perform any of  procedures they practice on animals. Even those who do will not have  opportunity for years after they have left  laboratory.  I challenge anyone to perform any mechanical procedure a single time and then profess to have developed any degree of expertise that they can then apply several years later.  The statement is made that the use of animals gives  student a direct understanding of how living systems work. Nothing could be farther from  truth. More can be learned about how living systems work from a 1-hour public television presentation than hours in a laboratory performing singular
Physiologic Studies on an Infant in Deep Hypothermia
Authors: Peter A. M. Auld, Nicholas M. Nelson, Demetrios A. Nicolopoulos, Floy Helwig, Clement A. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

"EVIDENCE accumulated over the past few years -L' indicates that newborn animals are more resistant to asphyxia at reduced than at normal body temperature.1 The rationale for the use of hypothermia in the treatment of asphyxia neonatorum or in similar asphyxial situations depends on van't Hoff's law, which linearly relates the rate of a chemical reaction to temperature.Miller and Marini2 recently described the cardiac activity of an apneic fetus in whom the effects of deep hypothermia were combined with those of perfusion with oxygenated blood. Westin and his associates3 employed similar perfusion in 3 of 6 infants treated by . . .
The Loss of Santa
Authors: Samuel M. Chen
Journal: JAMA (1982)

My sympathies were drawn to this man: with his enormous girth, he looked like Santa Claus, but he had to eat incessantly in order to survive. His was an unusual story of attacks of ravenous hunger, profuse sweating, and profound weakness that would occur before breakfast and several hours after meals. The attacks did not allow him to exercise, and could be prevented or aborted by eating foods high in carbohydrates. As a consequence, he carried 270 lb on a 6-ft frame.  You understand, Mr Willoughby, that your doctors believe that you may have an insulinoma, a growth in the pancreas. This produces excessive amounts of the hormone insulin, which could lead to your symptoms. He nodded. They would like to perform an arteriogram to see if you have this condition.  Insulinomas are often too small to be detected by the surgeon in the operating suite, and portions of the
What is risk?
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Titrated oxygen was compared with the standard treatment of high flow oxygen for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the pre-hospital setting. A cluster, randomised controlled, parallel group trial was performed. In total, 405 patients with a presumed acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that had been treated by paramedics and who had been transported and admitted to hospital were included. A total of 226 patients were randomised to high flow oxygen and 179 to titrated oxygen. The main outcome measure was mortality, either pre-hospital or in-hospital mortality.1 The risk of mortality in patients randomised to titrated oxygen treatment was less than that in the patients randomised to high flow oxygen (seven deaths (3.9% of patients) versus 21 deaths (9.3%)). The researchers concluded that titrated oxygen treatment significantly reduced mortality in comparison with high flow oxygen in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (relative risk 0.42 (95% confidence interval 0.2 to 0.89; P=0.02)). Which of the following statements, if any, are true?
A CASE OF PARATYPHOID.
Authors: JAMES W. WALKER
Journal: JAMA (1903)

precipitation had occurred, leaving the liquid clear.Serum was obtained from four rabbits.Of these, one was immunized with Buxton's paratyphoid bacillus, the inoculations being continued until rapid agglutination was given at 1 to 2,000.A second rabbit was immunized with a typhoid organism.6The third rabbit was in¬ oculated with the bacillus of hog cholera7 until com¬ plete agglutination was given at 1 to 1,000.The fourth rabbit was inoculated with the B. enteritidis.8The degree of agglutinative power reached in the serum of this rabbit was much lower than in any of the others, as the highest dilution giving positive results was 1 to 400.Serum from the rabbit immunized with Buxton's paratyphoid bacillus gave negative results in dilutions of 1 to 10 with the bacilli of typhoid and hog cholera and with B. enteritidis.Sera from the rabbits that had been inoculated with the organisms of typhoid, hog cholera and with B. en¬ teritidis gave negative results at all dilutions with Bux¬ ton's form and with both Bacillus 1 and Bacillus 2.Bacillus 1, when added to Buxton's serum, was agglu¬ tinated at 1 to 100.Above this the precipitation was never found to be complete.Bacillus 2 was completely
Delay of ST Depression after Maximal Exercise by Walking for 2 Minutes
Authors: ROBERT A. GUTMAN, E. RUSSELL ALEXANDER, YEOU-BING LI, BI-NIN CHIANG, RAYMOND H. WATTEN, NONG TING, ROBERT A. BRUCE
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Maximal exercise testing of 241 healthy, highly selected, middle-aged American men in Taiwan and Hong Kong revealed a lower prevalence of ST-segment depression than among American men in Seattle. This difference was attributed to circumstances restricting availability of American men in Taiwan and Hong Kong with risk factors ordinarily associated with this response. ST depression, when present, was usually manifested after a delay of 4 to 5 min in the American men studied in the Orient, as previously noted, in healthy Chinese men. This delay is attributed to the circulatory effects of walking slowly for 2 min after maximal exercise which prevents venous pooling and a rapid decrease in cardiac output and coronary perfusion. Occurrence of ST depression in these selected American men in the Orient was more frequently associated with higher systolic pressure and minor ST-T abnormalities in the resting electrocardiogram than in American men in Seattle.
Letter: Meningioma mimicking features of a phaeochromocytoma.
Authors: J Scott
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Such side effects rule out the use of 5- FC for vulval candidiasis except where this is disabling.Such cases do, however, occur, and the patient described above has been transformed from an anxious, depressed woman to a happy housewife, all her family siharing the benefits.The 5-PC was provided by Dr. J.