tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angioscopy and Chronic Pulmonary Arterial Obstruction
Authors: Bruce H. Brundage, Stuart Rich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986Angioscopy and Chronic Pulmonary Arterial ObstructionBRUCE H. BRUNDAGE, M.D., STUART RICH, M.D.BRUCE H. BRUNDAGE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STUART RICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-586_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Shure and colleagues (1) recently reported on the use of angioscopy in patients with chronic pulmonary arterial obstruction. We concur that "standard techniques" may have difficulty in diagnosing this condition. We also agree that determination of the proximal extent of these obstructions is critical because it predicts the potential success of surgical attempts at re-establishing vessel patency.We also want to point out the value of x-ray transmission computed tomography (CT) in evaluating chronic pulmonary arterial obstruction. This imaging technique has been shown to identify successfully the proximal extent of these obstructions better than pulmonary angiography because...References1. SHUREGREGORATOSMOSER DGK. Fiberoptic angioscopy: role in the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary arterial obstruction. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:844-50. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KEREIAKESHERFKENSBRUNDAGEGAMSULIPTON DRBGM. Computerized tomography in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Am Heart J 1983;106:1432-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BRUNDAGERICHSPIGOS BSD. Computed tomography of the heart and great vessels: present and future. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:801-9. LinkGoogle Scholar4. BRUNDAGECHOMKA BE. Clinical applications of cardiac CT imaging. Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis. 1985;55:39-43. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 586-586KeywordsAngiographyComputed axial tomographyImaging techniquesPulmonary imaging Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Antibiotic treatment of epidemic bronchiolitis--a double-blind trial.
Authors: C. M. Field, J. H. Connolly, G. Murtagh, C. M. Slattery, E. E. Turkington
Journal: BMJ (1966)

JBx oui 83 arthritis, particularly with actively inflamed large joints, and ankylosing spondylitis.The fact that indomethacin is a rapidly effective, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agent, like phenyl- butazone, makes it a useful alternative to predni-steroid therapy.As with many other drugs used in the treatment of chronic rheumatic disorders, indomethacin causes undesired effects which are particularly apt to occur in the early stages of treatment.Fortunately most of these are trivial and clear rapidly after withdrawal of the drug.In view of the occurrence of severe neurological disturbance in seven of our cases we feel that it would be unwise to ignore and dangerous to suppress the headache and associated symptoms so commonly encountered.If these cannot be avoided by gradual induction or by subsequent reduction of dosage, they must be taken as an indication for stopping the drug.It would seem reasonable to insist that indomethacin should only be given with caution to any patient with a history of depressive illness.Active or recent peptic ulceration should be regarded as an absolute contra- indication, and therapy should not be resumed in any patient who exhibits a rash during treatment. SummaryClinical experience with indomethacin during a period of 18 months in a series of 137 patients comprising 70 with rheumatoid arthritis, 50 with osteoarthrosis, and 17 with miscellaneous rheumatic disorders is recorded.A progressive dosage regime was used beginning with 25 mg.daily, and the average daily maintenance dosage was 75 mg.Striking benefit was obtained in osteoarthrosis with a satis- factory outcome of treatment in 69 % of cases, which was significantly better than the rheumatoid group where 44% were satisfactory.An excellent response was also seen in three patients suffering from acute gout.A total of 70 side-effects occurred in 47 patients and com- pelled withdrawal of treatment in 39 (28% of the total group).The principal undesired symptoms were headache associated with vertigo, etc., but major neurological disturbance occurred in seven cases.All these symptoms subsided rapidly on withdrawal of therapy.There was one instance of slight melaena, one perforated ulcer, and three rashes developed during therapy.Indomethacin is thought to be a useful addition to the range of drugs used in the management of certain rheumatic disorders, notably in osteoarthrosis, acute gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and spondylitis.We wish to thank
MPs table amendments to make it easier to obtain early abortions
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Pro-choice MPs have tabled amendments to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill to make it easier for women to get abortions earlier.

The proposals, to be debated at the bill’s Commons’ report stage on 14 July, include lowering the number of doctors needed to approve an abortion from two to one, allowing qualified nurses to perform terminations, and letting women who are having early medical abortions take the drug misoprostol at home.

The amendments, which are certain to be opposed by pro-life MPs, are being put forward by a cross party group that includes Labour’s former health secretary Frank Dobson, …
MEDLARS Services of the National Library of Medicine
Authors: Martin M. Cummings, Robert B. Mehnert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The long-standing practice of the National Library of Medicine to provide published guides to the biomedical literature and computer-based information retrieval services is being challenged by a foreign publisher. The Library's position is that it is fulfilling its Congressionally mandated function; that fees for its products and services recover only the costs of providing access to them; and that curtailing these services or charging inflated prices would be a disservice to American medicine and the public's health.
Sodium-potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase of brain microsomes: modification of sodium inhibition by diphenylhydantoins
Authors: George J. Siegel, Beverly B. Goodwin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Effects of diphenylhydantoins on (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity in rat and cat brain microsomes were studied. 5,5-diphenylhydantoin (DPH) in concentrations of 5-20 μg ml-1 produces an apparent stimulation of the rat brain (Na+ + K+)-activated ATPase of 55-65% in media containing 50 mM Na+, 0.15 mM K+, 3 mM Mg++, and 3 mM ATP. No effects are found on the Mg-ATPase. At constant K+ levels of 0.05 mmole/liter and 0.15 mmole/liter, increasing the Na+ concentration activates the enzyme similarly with and without DPH. However, Na+ concentrations greater than 5 mmoles/liter and 10 mmoles/liter, respectively, which are inhibitory in these low K+ media, produce less inhibition in the presence of DPH. In media containing 10 mM Na+, the K+ activation, on the other hand, is potentiated by DPH. In preparations from cat brain qualitatively similar results are obtained. No effect of DPH is seen on the inhibition produced by high K+ in low Na+ media. DPH produces an approximately constant apparent stimulation of 45% in the (Na+ + K+) increments when these ions are varied simultaneously at a fixed ratio of 150 Na+:1 K+ with cat brain extracts. 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH) has the same potency as DPH in reducing the Na+ inhibition at high Na:K ratios. The hydantoins appear to act by decreasing the Na+ inhibition that occurs at high Na:K ratios.
Lymph node enlargement within the hepatoduodenal ligament in patients with chronic hepatitis C reflects the immunological cellular response of the host
Authors: Pierre Muller, Christophe Renou, Abdelouahid Harafa, Elisabeth Jouve, Gilles Kaplanski, Eric Ville, Jean-Jacques Bertrand, Caroline Masson, Thierry Benderitter, Philippe Halfon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Ribavirin and acute bronchiolitis in infancy.
Authors: D. Cameron, M. Clay, M. Silverman
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The views of the respondents have been carefully considered.Although static screening was preferred by most women, the views of the minority must not be ignored if we are to achieve at least 70% uptake of screening.Breast screening in Newcastle will be provided by mobile clinics and at health centres and hospitals.
Immunodetection of<i>Tropheryma whipplei</i>in Intestinal Tissues from Dr. Whipple's 1907 Patient
Authors: J. Stephen Dumler, Blaire L. Baisden, John H. Yardley, Didier Raoult
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: In 1907, George Whipple performed an autopsy on a 36-year-old patient and described unique findings characterizing the disease that now bears his name. “Foamy macrophages” in lymph nodes and the lamina propria of the small intestine are the hallmarks of Whipple's disease. In addition, Whipple described a “number of rod-shaped organisms resembling in form the tubercle bacillus” in the vacuoles of the foamy cells.1 The role of a bacterium in the disease was suggested but not yet acknowledged. By 1949, the contents of the foamy macrophages were shown to be positive on periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining, and . . .
Near-infrared confocal imaging during mini-laparoscopy: A novel rigid endomicroscope with increased imaging plane depth
Authors: Martin Goetz, Inga Deris, Michael Vieth, Elise Murr, Arthur Hoffman, Peter Delaney, Peter R. Galle, Markus F. Neurath, Ralf Kiesslich
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Acute Renal Failure Following Abdominal Compression From a Rescue Rope
Authors: Russell E. Randall
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Acute renal failure occurred in three volunteers who received abdominal compression from a rescue rope. The clinical course was characterized by oliguria and moderate azotemia which lasted four to five days followed by an early and dramatic diuresis with rapid recovery. It is presumed that sudden increased abdominal and renal vein hypertension produced renal interstitial edema, hemorrhage, and localized tubular necrosis.
Potential novel pharmacological therapies for myocardial remodelling
Authors: U. Landmesser, K. C. Wollert, H. Drexler
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Left ventricular (LV) remodelling remains an important treatment target in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure (CHF). Accumulating evidence has supported the concept that beneficial effects of current pharmacological treatment strategies to improve the prognosis in these patients, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker therapy, and beta-blocker therapy, are related, at least in part, to their effects on LV remodelling and dysfunction. However, despite modern reperfusion therapy after MI and optimized treatment of patients with CHF, LV remodelling is observed in a substantial proportion of patients and is associated with an adverse clinical outcome. These observations call for novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or even reverse cardiac remodelling. Recent insights from experimental studies have provided new targets for interventions to prevent or reverse LV remodelling, i.e. reduced endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase-derived NO availability, activation of cardiac and leukocyte-dependent oxidant stress pathways, inflammatory pathway activation, matrix-metalloproteinase activation, or stem cell transfer and delivery of novel paracrine factors. An important challenge in translating these observations from preclinical studies into clinical treatment strategies relates to the fact that clinical studies are designed on top of established pharmacological therapy, whereas most experimental studies have tested novel interventions without concomitant drug regimens such as ACE inhibitors or beta-blockers. Therefore, animal studies may overestimate the effect of potential novel treatment strategies on LV remodelling and dysfunction, since established pharmacological therapies may act, in part, via identical or similar signalling pathways. Nevertheless, preclinical studies provide essential information for identifying potential novel targets, and their potential drawbacks, and are required for developing novel clinical treatment strategies to prevent or reverse LV remodelling and dysfunction.
1157-44 Are high doses of intracoronary adenosine an alternative to standard intravenous adenosine for the assessment of fractional flow reserve?
Authors: Volker Klauss, Gianni Casella, Johannes Rieber, Viktoria Seelig, Markus Leibig, Andreas König, Karl Theisen, Uwe Siebert, Thomas Schiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Thatcher's legacy
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Rats on the streets during the bin collectors’ strike, the Green Goddesses, wildcat strikes, flying pickets, the closed shop, block votes, “one out all out,” restrictive work practices, double digit inflation, a three day week, and a winter of discontent. The 1970s in Britain were a time of national crisis, with undemocratic and out of control trade unions.

The Conservatives won the 1979 election: working class people had voted for change. The Thatcher government crushed the unions’ power, but the price was broken communities, public disorder, and mass unemployment. The industrialised north and …
The effect of lauryl capping group on protein release and degradation of poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles
Authors: N. Samadi, A. Abbadessa, A. Di Stefano, C.F. van Nostrum, T. Vermonden, S. Rahimian, E.A. Teunissen, M.J. van Steenbergen, M. Amidi, W.E. Hennink
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Analyses of amphibole asbestiform fibers in municipal water supplies
Authors: William J. Nicholson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Details are given of the techniques used in the analysis of asbestiform fibers in the water systems of Duluth, Minnesota and other cities. Photographic electron diffraction and electron microprobe analyses indicated that the concentration of verified amphibole mineral fibers ranged from 20 × 106 to 75 × 106 fibers/l. Approximately 50–60% of the fibers were in the cummingtonite-grunerite series and 20% were in the actinolite-tremolite series. About 5% were chemically identical with amosite. A wide variety of analytical techniques must be employed for unique identification of the mineral species present in water systems.
Improved survival in homozygous sickle cell disease: lessons from a cohort study
Authors: A. Lee, P. Thomas, L. Cupidore, B. Serjeant, G. Serjeant
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b>To examine whether simple interventions in a sickle cell clinic improve survival in sickle cell disease <b>Design:</b>Survival curve analysis and hazard ratios in a cohort study followed from birth. <b>Setting:</b> MRC Laboratories (Jamaica) at the University of the West Indies, and Victoria Jubilee Hospital, Kingston, Jamaica <b>Subjects:</b>315 patients with homozygous sickle cell disease detected during the screening of 100000 consecutive non-operative deliveries between June 1973 and December 1981 at the main government maternity hospital, Kingston, Jamaica. <b>Interventions:</b>Prophylactic penicillin to prevent pneumococcal septicaemia, parental education in early diagnosis of acute splenic sequestration, close monitoring in sickle cell clinic <b>Main outcome measures:</b>Survival. <b>Results:</b> Survival appeared to improve, the log rank test for trend comparing the first, second, and last third of the study reaching borderline significance (P=0.05). Combined deaths from acute splenic sequestration and pneumococcal septicaemia-meningitis declined significantly (test for trend, P=0.02). <b>Conclusion:</b>Early diagnosis and simple prophylactic measures significantly reduce deaths associated with homozygous sickle cell disease.
The global array: Not new to infant researchers
Authors: Ross A. Flom, Lorraine E. Bahrick
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

We find Stoffregen & Bardy's argument that the senses are united and that specificity exists within the global array compelling. However, this view is not entirely new and research on the development and the origins of perception in infancy, inspired by Gibson's ecological perspective, also supports their claims. The inclusion of this developmental research will strengthen and challenge some of Stoffregen & Bardy's views.
Purification and properties of sulfite oxidase from human liver.
Authors: J L Johnson, K V Rajagopalan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Sulfite oxidase has been purified to near homogeneity from human liver. Properties of the molecule have been investigated and compared to those of the rat liver enzyme which has been isolated in a pure form. Both proteins exist as dimeric molecules with one molybdenum and one cytochrome b5-type heme per sub-unit. The human enzyme has a slightly larger subunit molecular weight (61,100 vs. 57,200 daltons) and is a more negatively charged molecule. Decreased reactivity of the human enzyme with various electron acceptors suggests the presence of nonfunctional molybdenum centers in a portion of the molecules isolated. Human liver sulfite oxidase cross-reacts strongly with antibody prepared against the rat liver enzyme. Human enzyme activity is precipitated by antibody at concentrations about twofold greater than required for comparable complexation of rat sulfite oxidase.
Analysis of carcinogenic air pollutants.
Authors: Mel Weisburd
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This monograph reviews the progress made in analyzing suspected carcinogens extracted from air contaminant samples and the possible role they play in the etiology of lung cancer. Because this aspect of air pollution has been studied only in recent years, most of the work described in this volume is, belatedly, of an exploratory nature. Numerous epidemiological studies conducted in this country and in England have demonstrated a convincing relationship between lung cancer and an "environmental factor," together with, and independent of, cigarette smoking. Measurements of benzo(a)pyrene and other polynuclear aromatics found in soot, diesel exhaust, rubber tire dust, products of incomplete combustion, and air pollution generally, along with results of experimental carcinogenesis, appear to incriminate air pollution as the environmental factor, particularly in highly industrialized and coal-burning areas. The continuous benzpyrene exposure in some cities, as extrapolated by the Public Health Service from air sampling data, is reported to be
Effects of breathing route, temperature and volume of inspired gas, and airway anesthesia on the response of respiratory output to varying inspiratory flow.
Authors: D Georgopoulos, I Mitrouska, Z Bshouty, K Webster, N R Anthonisen, M Younes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

The determinants of the response of the respiratory output to inspiratory flow rates (VI) were examined in awake normal subjects. Subjects were connected to a volume-cycle ventilator in the assist/control mode, and VI was increased in steps from 30 to 90 L/min and then back to 30 L/min. VI pattern was square, and all breaths were subject-triggered. In six subjects the effects of breathing route (nasal or mouth) and temperature and volume of inspired gas (Protocol A) and in 8 subjects the effects of airway anesthesia (upper and lower airways; Protocol B) on the response of respiratory output to varying VI were studied. In Protocol B, in order to calculate muscle pressure during inspiration (Pmus), respiratory system mechanics were measured using the interrupter method at end-inspiration. Independent of conditions studied, breathing frequency increased significantly and end-tidal concentration of CO2 decreased as VI increased. The response was graded and reversible and not affected by breathing route, temperature and volume of inspired gas, and airway anesthesia. With and without airway anesthesia (Protocol B), neural inspiratory and expiratory time and neural duty cycle, estimated from Pmus waveform, decreased significantly as VI increased. At all conditions studied, the rate of change in airway pressure prior to triggering the ventilator tended to increase as VI increased. The changes in timing and drive were nearly complete within the first two breaths after transition, with no evidence of adaptation during a given VI period. We conclude that VI exerts an excitatory effect on respiratory output which is independent of breathing route, temperature and volume of inspirate, and airway anesthesia. The response most likely is neural in origin, mediated through receptors not accessible to anesthesia, such as those located in the chest wall or below the airway mucosa.
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Competence Statement on invasive electrophysiology studies, catheter ablation, and cardioversion43This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American College of Cardiology (www.acc.org) and the American Heart Association (www.americanheart.org). Reprints of this document are available for $5 each by calling 800-253-4636 (US only) or writing the American College of Cardiology, Educational Services, 9111 Old …
Authors: Cynthia M. Tracy, Masood Akhtar, John P. DiMarco, Douglas L. Packer, Howard H. Weitz, William L. Winters, James L. Achord, Alan W. Boone, John W. Hirshfeld, Beverly H. Lorell, George P. Rodgers, Cynthia M. Tracy, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) marks hepatocytes newly derived from stem/progenitor cells in humans
Authors: So-Mi Yoon, Domniki Gerasimidou, Reiichiro Kuwahara, Prodromos Hytiroglou, Jeong Eun Yoo, Young Nyun Park, Neil D. Theise
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a surface marker on human hepatic stem/progenitor cells that is reported as absent on mature hepatocytes. However, it has also been noted that in cirrhotic livers of diverse causes, many hepatocytes have EpCAM surface expression; this may represent aberrant EpCAM expression in injured hepatocytes or, as we now hypothesize, persistence of EpCAM in hepatocytes that have recently derived from hepatobiliary progenitors. To evaluate this concept, we investigated patterns of EpCAM expression in hepatobiliary cell compartments of liver biopsy specimens from patients with all stages of chronic hepatitis B and C, studying proliferation, senescence and telomere lengths. We found that EpCAM(+) hepatocytes were rare in early stages of disease, became increasingly prominent in later stages in parallel with the emergence of ductular reactions, and were consistently arrayed around the periphery of cords of keratin 19(+) hepatobiliary cells of the ductular reaction, with which they shared EpCAM expression. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (proliferation marker) and p21 (senescence marker) were both higher in hepatocytes in cirrhosis than in normal livers, but ductular reaction hepatobiliary cells had the highest proliferation rate, in keeping with being stem/progenitor cell–derived transit amplifying cells. Telomere lengths in EpCAM(+) hepatocytes in cirrhosis were higher than EpCAM(−) hepatocytes ( P &lt; 0.046), and relatively shorter than those in the corresponding ductular reaction hepatobiliary cells ( P = 0.057). Conclusion: These morphologic, topographic, immunophenotypic, and molecular data support the concept that EpCAM(+) hepatocytes in chronic viral hepatitis are recent progeny of the hepatobiliary stem/progenitor cell compartment through intermediates of the transit amplifying, ductular reaction hepatobiliary cells. (Hepatology 2011)