tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DRAINAGE OF THE HEPATIC DUCT, CONSIDERED ESPECIALLY IN SERIOUS INFECTIOUS PROCESSES OF THE LIVER.
Authors: CHARLES GREENE CUMSTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In a recent paper<sup>1</sup>relative to the advantages of surgical treatment of biliary infection resulting in hepatic cirrhosis, I pointed out that the large number of cirrhoses represented the last stage of an irritative process in the liver and were in reality chronic hepatites originating from infection. Biliary cirrhosis is at the present time considered as infectious radicular angiocholitis, either subacute or chronic, and consequently it is quite logical to treat the pathologic condition like any infectious angiocholitis; in other words, by drainage of the gall bladder in order to give exit to the septic bile. In order to obtain a successful outcome, however, the drainage should be instituted at a time when the hepatic cell has not been destroyed by a sclerous process resulting from the infection. On the other hand, a new conception has come to light which accords to infection a part in the pathogenesis of
Mitochondrial activity regulates T cell memory, self renewal and anti tumor function in CD8+ T cells
Authors: Madhusudhanan Sukumar, Jie Liu, Joseph Crompton, Mahadev Rao, Yun Ji, Toren Finkel, Luca Gattinoni, Nicholas Restifo
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts The ability of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells to eradicate tumors following adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes correlates with their capacity to proliferate and persist for long periods of time. These qualities are found predominantly in naive and less
European regulatory body recommends suspension of rosiglitazone
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Background and purpose</h3> The purpose of this study was to assess the initial post-market experience of the device and how it is compared with the Penumbra Pivotal trial used to support the 510k application. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective case review of 157 consecutive patients treated with the Penumbra system at seven international centers was performed. Primary endpoints were revascularization of the target vessel (TIMI score of 2 or 3), good functional outcome as defined by a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of ≤2 and incidence of procedural serious adverse events. Results were compared with those of the Penumbra pivotal trial. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 157 vessels were treated. Mean baseline values at enrollment were: age 65 years, NIHSS score 16. After use of the Penumbra system, 87% of the treated vessels were revascularized to TIMI 2 (54%) or 3 (33%) as compared with 82% reported in the Pivotal trial. Nine procedural serious adverse events were reported in 157 patients (5.7%). All-cause mortality was 20% (32/157), and 41% had a mRS of ≤2 at 90-day follow-up as compared with only 25% in the Pivotal trial. Patients who were successfully revascularized by the Penumbra system had significantly better outcomes than those who were not. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Initial post-market experience of the Penumbra system revealed that the revascularization rate and safety profile of the device are comparable to those reported in the Pivotal trial. However, the proportion of patients who had good functional outcome was higher than expected.
Abstract LB-148: Depletion of myeloid derived suppressor cells in pancreatric cancer results in decreased tumor growth
Authors: Jonathan Mitchem, Matthew Porembka, William G. Hawkins, Simon Peter Goedegebuure, David C. Linehan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) is a highly aggressive and chemo-resistant malignancy with a median survival of only 6 months. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been implicated in the immune suppression and growth of several malignancies. MDSC are highly prevalent in the tumor microenvironment, and represent a potential therapeutic target. Here, we assess the tumor-promoting ability of MDSC in a model of PA and explore MDSC targeting strategies using ZA, a drug known to inhibit MDSC. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were inoculated in the right flank with 100,000 or 50,000 of the syngeneic PA line, Pan02. Tumor volume was determined by standard calculation using caliper measurements. Mice were treated with Gemcitabine 20mg/kg Qwk IP and/or ZA 1ug QOD SQ once tumors were palpable. Analysis for MDSC accumulation was determined in the tumor, spleen and bone marrow of mice at sacrifice using flow cytometry for standard markers of MDSC (CD45, CD11b, Gr1, Ly6G, and Ly6C). MDSC prevalence is expressed as a percentage of total leukocytes (CD45+). Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric student's t-test. Results: MDSC are up regulated in the spleen and bone marrow of mice with flank injected Pan02 compared to non-tumor bearing mice. MDSC accumulate over time and increase in number until 4 weeks post-inoculation (CD45 + 11b+Gr1+, Bone Marrow: 26.06% 42.04%, spleen 1.07% 7.18%, p=0.0021). Treatment of tumor bearing mice with ZA decreases tumor associated MDSC (CD45+11b+Gr1+: 50.36 29.38; CD45+11b+Ly6G+: 49.45 30.47) and tumor volume (2.45 1.71 p=0.034). ZA also works in concert with Gemcitabine to decrease MDSC (Gr1 +: 50.36 39.38; Ly6G+: 49.45 37.28;) and tumor volume (2.45 1.02, p=0.0011). Conclusion: MDSC play an integral role in the development of PA. Depletion of MDSC by ZA results in significantly smaller tumors and can be added to the standard chemotherapeutic regimen (Gemcitabine) successfully. The addition of ZA to Gemcitabine represents an attractive and innovative regimen to improve the treatment of this deadly malignancy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-148.
Sexual function and testosterone levels in men with nonalcoholic liver disease
Authors: Abraham Zifroni, Raul C. Schiavi, Fenton Schaffner
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The effects of nonalcoholic liver disease on sexual desire, arousal, activity, orgasmic function and satisfaction and serum testosterone levels were studied in 75 men with nonalcoholic liver disease. Each man was interviewed about his sexual behavior and problems and was asked to comment on whether he felt liver disease affected his sexual function. The average age of the patients was 49 yr, and a wide variety of liver diseases was represented. Child-Pugh grading was A in 51 patients, B in 18 and C in 6; the mean duration of liver disease was 8 yr. Sexual desire, arousal and activity of patients with grade A disease were within the ranges observed in studies of healthy men of comparable age. Diminished sexual desire was reported by 2% of grade A patients and 35% of grade B and C patients (p less than 0.005). Arousal problems were noted by 16% of grade A patients, 60% of grade B patients and 67% of C patients (p less than 0.005). Loss of erection and inability to regain erection were noted by 7%, 40% and 67% of grade A, B and C patients, respectively (p less than 0.01). Premature and retarded ejaculation were more frequent in patients classed in Child-Pugh grades B and C. Frequency of coitus and orgasm were significantly higher in grade A patients than in grade B and C patients. Total and free testosterone levels were (in nanograms per milliliter) A, 677/1.78; B, 416/1.06; and C, 178/0.43 (p less than 0.002). We concluded that Child-Pugh grade A nonalcoholic liver disease in men does not affect sexual desire, function or performance. Men with disease grades B and C have significant sexual dysfunction and significant reduction of both total and free testosterone levels.
BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR GENE POLIMORPHISM IN HEART FAILURE: A GENDER SPECIFIC CLINICAL AND PROGNOSTIC ROLE?
Authors: Savina Nodari, Marco Triggiani, Anna Foresti, Giuseppe Milesi, Nicola Berlinghieri, Loredana Covolo, Livio Dei Cas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Wiktor Stent for Treatment of Chronic Total Coronary Artery Occlusions: Short- and Long-Term Clinical and Angiographic Results From a Large Multicenter Experience
Authors: Angelo Anzuini, Imad Sheiban, Sergio L Chierchia, Salvatore Rosanio, Victor Legrand, Henri E Kulbertus, Monica Tocchi, Renato Coppi, Hans Bonnier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Widespread and Sudden Occlusion of the Small Arteries of the Hands and Feet
Authors: R. P. JEPSON
Journal: Circulation (1956)

This paper analyzes the syndrome of symmetrical digital gangrene that results from various pathologic processes. If a group of such patients is closely studied, it is apparent that among those who have suffered a sudden and widespread occlusion of the small arteries of the hands and feet some may be grouped apart by reason of the single nature of the attack and the good prognosis. Eleven such examples seen by the author are described and their differential diagnosis, causation, and treatment discussed.
production and release of endothelin-1 from the gut and spleen in portal hypertension due to cirrhosis
Authors: Naofumi Nagasue, Dipok Kumar Dhar, Akira Yamanoi, Yamaguchi Emi, Jun Udagawa, Akitaka Yamamoto, Mitsuo Tachibana, Hirofumi Kubota, Hitoshi Kohno, Takayuki Harada
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

This study was aimed to evaluate the source of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in cirrhotic patients. ET-1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension. However, the mechanism and source for increased plasma ET-1 in cirrhotic patients are still obscure. Plasma ET-1 levels in systemic (SV), superior mesenteric (SMV), and splenic venous (SPV) blood were measured in 23 patients with cirrhosis and 8 controls with normal liver. Fourteen removed spleens were immunohistochemically studied for ET-1, CD34, CD68, and CD20. In situ hybridization was done to localize ET-1 messenger RNA (mRNA). In cirrhosis, ET-1 levels in both SMV and SPV were higher than in SV. ET-1 in SV and SPV were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in control patients. Three groups of cells in the spleen expressed both protein and mRNA of ET-1: endothelial cells in the sinus, which were also stained for CD34; cells in the germinal center; and cells in the marginal zone of lymphoid sheaths and follicles, which were also stained for CD20 but not for CD34 and CD68. The ET-1 concentration released from the spleen was in parallel with the grade of ET-1 expression in the spleen. The spleen is one of the major sites of ET-1 release in cirrhotic patients. Endothelial cells of the splenic sinus and possibly B lymphocytes in the germinal center and marginal zone of lymphoid sheaths and follicles seem to be the sites of ET-1 production in the spleen.
Estimating the glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine is better than from cystatin C for evaluating risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Andrew D. Rule, Kent R. Bailey, John C. Lieske, Patricia A. Peyser, Stephen T. Turner
Journal: Kidney International (2013)

Chronic kidney disease risk factors may associate with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) differently than with the measured GFR. To examine this, we evaluated 1150 patients (mean age 65 years) in two community cohorts for risk factors, measured GFR by iothalamate clearance, and eGFR based on creatinine (Cr), cystatin C (CysC), or both. The interaction between each risk factor and eGFR (relative to measured GFR) identified risk factor associations with eGFR along non-GFR pathways. In a subset of 40 patients with two visits, the mean coefficient of variation was 8.2% for measured GFR, 6.4% for eGFRCr, 8.2% for eGFRCr-CysC, and 10.7% for eGFRCysC. The measured GFR was better correlated with eGFRCr-CysC (r, 0.74) than eGFRCr (r, 0.70) or eGFRCysC (r, 0.68). Lower measured GFR associated with lower 24-hour urine creatinine, albuminuria, hypertension, diabetes, higher triglycerides, and higher uric acid. Lower eGFRCr had these same associations except for an association with higher 24-hour urine creatinine along a non-GFR pathway. Lower eGFRCysC and eGFRCr-CysC also had these same associations but also associated with obesity, albuminuria, hypertension, diabetes, higher triglycerides, higher C-reactive protein, and higher uric acid along non-GFR pathways. Thus, cystatin C improves estimation of GFR over creatinine alone; however, the association between most of the risk factors and GFR was more accurate by eGFR based on creatinine alone. This is explained by the association of these risk factors with the non-GFR determinants of cystatin C.
Starvation Induces Genomic Rearrangements and Starvation-Resilient Phenotypes in Yeast
Authors: S. Coyle, E. Kroll
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Evolution has shaped a wide variety of genomes across eukaryotic taxa. However, the forces that shape the genomes are generally unknown. Because organisms in nature commonly experience prolonged periods of nutrient depletion, we posit that diverse demographic, physiological, and genomic responses to starvation can occur. To test for these possibilities, we subjected replicate yeast populations to prolonged starvation. We observed that clones repeatedly gave rise to descendants that were karyotypically diverse. After a 1-month starvation period, approximately 70% of randomly isolated members of starved populations harbored one or more genomic rearrangements. Further, we found that 5 of 16 karyotypically differentiated groups of isolates from starved populations were more resilient to starvation than nonstarved clones and their common ancestor. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates suggests that genomic rearrangements that arose during starvation can be adaptive in the context of a nutrient-depleted environment. Altogether our data illustrate the profound influence of environmental conditions on adaptive genome evolution in eukaryotes.
CARBOXYLIC CATION EXCHANGE RESIN EFFECTS IN DOGS
Authors: T. S. Danowski, L. Greenman, F. M. Mateer, W. B. Parsons, F. A. Weigand, H. Mermelstein, J. H. Peters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1951)

IBody weight and analyses of blood and serum in dogs receiving an exchange resin in the H or the Na cycle Subject TIme Therapy Body Wgt.Blood Serum (Age-Sex) (dy)a(.d)' (kg.)Suga r' (Po NCO.Cl ma K Cm ?N4, Pretelm
Early angiography cannot predict postthrombolytic coronary reocclusion: Observations from the GUSTO angiographic study
Authors: Jonathan S. Reiner, Conor F. Lundergan, Marcel Van Den Brand, Jean Boland, Mark A. Thompson, Jacques Machecourt, PY Antoinne, George S. Pilcher, Cynthia A. Fink, Jeffrey R. Burton, Maarten L. Simoons, Robert M. Califf, Eric J. Topol, Allan M. Ross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Abstract 2118: What is the Preferred Strategy for Revascularization of Patients With Multivessel Disease: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-eluting Stents or Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery?
Authors: Aamir Javaid, Ashesh N Buch, Zhenyi Xue, Paul F Corso, Lowell F Satler, Kenneth M Kent, Augusto D Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: The advent of drug-eluting stents (DES) with resulting reduction in restenosis and need for repeat revascularization has turned percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) into an attracti...
Improvement in Surgical Drains
Authors: Arthur S. W. Touroff
Journal: JAMA (1961)

To  Editor:—  In  interest of scientific accuracy, may I correct an erroneous impression of Drs. Flax and Gould, whose article, A New Surgical Drain, appeared inThe Journal(177:150 [July 15] 1961). In  closing paragraph of  body of  article (p. 151)  following statement appears: The problem of drain   to have been solved by Beneventi in  when he suggested rubber drains with measured markings. These markings serve to indicate to  surgeon what portion of  drain remains within a surgical wound.... This innovation has been incorporated into  new radiopaque drain.  I have sent to Drs. Flax and Gould reprints of an article entitled Calibrated Surgical Drains (Ann Surg94:995 [Nov.] 1931) which demonstrate clearly that the problem of drain shortening which appears to have been solved by Beneventi in 1953 was solved by me more than 21 years
People with sickle cell disease should be screened for pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Pulmonary hypertension has been identified as a major risk factor for death in adults with sickle cell disease, and all people with the disease should be screened for this complication, a new study says.

Almost a third of adult patients with sickle cell disease who were screened with Doppler echocardiography were found to have moderate to severe pulmonary hypertension that had not previously been detected ( New England Journal of Medicine 2004;350:886-95).

The researchers assessed pulmonary artery systolic pressure in 195 consecutive patients (82 men and 113 women with a mean (SD) age of 36 (12) years). Patients …
Alzheimer's Disease: Biology, Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Authors: Daniel B. Hier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings1 February 1998Alzheimer's Disease: Biology, Diagnosis and TherapeuticsDaniel B. Hier, MDDaniel B. Hier, MDUniversity of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-3-199802010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Iqbal K, Winblad B, Nishimura T, Masatoshi T, Wisniewski HM; eds. 831 pages. New York: Wiley; 1997. $250.00. ISBN 0471969648. Order phone 800-225-5945.Field of medicine: Neurology and geriatrics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians and scientists engaged in research on the course, cause, and treatment of Alzheimer disease.Purpose: The 99 papers in this book were selected by the editors from among more than 800 papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders held in Osaka, Japan, in 1996.Content: Half of the papers cover pathophysiology and anatomy; the rest address epidemiology, genetics, therapy, and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 3Page: 251KeywordsAlzheimer diseaseGenetic diseasesGenetic epidemiologyGeriatricsGrowth factorsMolecular epidemiologyMuscular dystrophiesNeurologyParkinson diseaseScientists ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Management of dyspepsia should be individualised
Authors: N. Maskrey
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—The papers by Chiba et al and McColl et al show that in the medium term a test and treat approach in dyspepsia can be as effective or better than endoscopically led management. 1 2 However, an individualised approach remains prudent in primary care.

In the long version of the paper by Chiba et al on bmj.com (bmj.com/cgi/content/full/324/7344/1012), 33% of people with a positive result to the initial near patient test were negative on breath testing. Such results are important in …
Scintigraphic Localization of a Bleeding Leiomyosarcoma of the Proximal Jejunum
Authors: VINCE CARUANA, LAWRENCE C. SWAYNE, WILLIAM L. DIEHL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

We report a case of scintigraphic detection and localization of a bleeding leiomyosarcoma of the jeujunum utilizing Tc-99m labeled red blood cells. Despite conflicting mesenteric arteriograms, the patient underwent surgery based upon the scintigraphic study, resulting in a successful outcome.
Independent Subtilases Expansions in Fungi Associated with Animals
Authors: A. Muszewska, J. W. Taylor, P. Szczesny, M. Grynberg
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2011)

Many socially important fungi encode an elevated number of subtilisin-like serine proteases, which have been shown to be involved in fungal mutualisms with grasses and in parasitism of insects, nematodes, plants, other fungi, and mammalian skin. These proteins have endopeptidase activities and constitute a significant part of fungal secretomes. Here, we use comparative genomics to investigate the relationship between the quality and quantity of serine proteases and the ability of fungi to cause disease in invertebrate and vertebrate animals. Our screen of previously unexamined fungi allowed us to annotate and identify nearly 1000 subtilisin-containing proteins and to describe six new categories of serine proteases. Architectures of predicted proteases reveal novel combinations of subtilisin domains with other, co-occurring domains. Phylogenetic analysis of the most common clade of fungal proteases, proteinase K, showed that gene family size changed independently in fungi, pathogenic to invertebrates (Hypocreales) and vertebrates (Onygenales). Interestingly, simultaneous expansions in the S8 and S53 families of subtilases in a single fungal species are rare. Our analysis finds that closely related systemic human pathogens may not show the same gene family expansions, and that related pathogens and nonpathogens may show the same type of gene family expansion. Therefore, the number of proteases does not appear to relate to pathogenicity. Instead, we hypothesize that the number of fungal serine proteases in a species is related to the use of the animal as a food source, whether it is dead or alive.
Constitutive Properties of Adult Mammalian Cardiac Muscle Cells
Authors: Michael R. Zile, Kendrick Richardson, Monica Kelly Cowles, J. Michael Buckley, Masaaki Koide, Bradford A. Cowles, Vasanti Gharpuray, George Cooper
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in the constitutive properties of the cardiac muscle cell play a causative role in the development of diastolic dysfunction. Methods and Results —Cardiocytes from normal and pressure-hypertrophied cats were embedded in an agarose gel, placed on a stretching device, and subjected to a change in stress (σ), and resultant changes in cell strain (ε) were measured. These measurements were used to examine the passive elastic spring, viscous damping, and myofilament activation. The passive elastic spring was assessed in protocol A by increasing the σ on the agarose gel at a constant rate to define the cardiocyte σ-versus-ε relationship. Viscous damping was assessed in protocol B from the loop area between the cardiocyte σ-versus-ε relationship during an increase and then a decrease in σ. In both protocols, myofilament activation was minimized by a reduction in [Ca 2+ ] i . Myofilament activation effects were assessed in protocol C by defining cardiocyte σ versus ε during an increase in σ with physiological [Ca 2+ ] i . In protocol A, the cardiocyte σ-versus-ε relationship was similar in normal and hypertrophied cells. In protocol B, the loop area was greater in hypertrophied than normal cardiocytes. In protocol C, the σ-versus-ε relation in hypertrophied cardiocytes was shifted to the left compared with normal cells. Conclusions —Changes in viscous damping and myofilament activation in combination may cause pressure-hypertrophied cardiocytes to resist changes in shape during diastole and contribute to diastolic dysfunction.