tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phosphatidic acid increases in response to noradrenaline and endothelin-1 in adult rabbit ventricular myocytes
Authors: H. Ye, R. A Wolf, T. Kurz, P. B Corr
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to assess whether noradrenaline and endothelin-1 can stimulate endogenous production of phosphatidic acid in adult ventricular myocytes. Methods: After stimulation of rabbit ventricular myocytes with noradrenaline and endothelin-1, total lipids were extracted using the Bligh and Dyer procedure and separated by thin layer chromatography, and phosphatidic acid was quantified using photodensitometric analysis of visualised lipids with CuSO4/H3PO4. Results: Noradrenaline (10−5 M) elicited a rapid increase in phosphatidic acid at 2 min, followed by a decrease at 5 min. A second delayed and sustained increase in phosphatidic acid occurred at 10 min. The response to noradrenaline (10−9 to 10−5 M) was concentration dependent with a half maximum response (EC50) of 3.1 × 10−8 M and the maximum effect at 10−6 M. The increase in phosphatidic acid production in response to noradrenaline was abolished by an α1 adrenergic receptor blocking agent (2-[β-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethylaminomethyl]tetralone) but unaffected by the β adrenergic blocking agent L-propranolol. An increase in phosphatidic acid was also elicited in rabbit ventricular myocytes in response to endothelin-1. The response was time and concentration dependent with the maximal increase at 12 min, EC50 5.3 × 10−9 M, and maximum effect at 10−6 M. Both noradrenaline and endothelin-1 stimulated phosphatidyl- butanol production in the presence of butanol (100 mM), indicating that both agonists activate phospholipase D. Conclusions: Noradrenaline at physiological concentrations elicits both a rapid and a delayed increase in phosphatidic acid in adult rabbit ventricular myocytes. Endothelial-1, at physiological concentrations, also stimulates an increase in the mass of phosphatidic acid in myocytes, but the increase induced by endothelin-1 is monophasic, in contrast to the biphasic response seen during stimulation with noradrenaline. Activation of phospholipase D contributes to the increase in phosphatidic acid seen during stimulation of myocytes with either noradrenaline or endothelin-1. These are the first data to characterise endogenous production of phosphatidic acid in isolated adult ventricular myocytes. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:1828-1834
Homeostasis model assessment as a clinical index of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients treated with sulfonylureas.
Authors: M Emoto, Y Nishizawa, K Maekawa, Y Hiura, H Kanda, T Kawagishi, T Shoji, Y Okuno, H Morii
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the insulin resistance index (IR) assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) is associated with the insulin resistance index assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (clamp IR) in type 2 diabetic patients who received sulfonylureas (SUs), as well as in those treated by diet alone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Retrospectively, the association between HOMA IR and clamp IR was analyzed in 80 type 2 diabetic subjects (53 subjects treated with SUs and 27 subjects treated with diet alone). The 80 subjects, selected because they had not received insulin therapy, were among 111 diabetic participants in a clamp study for evaluation of insulin resistance from May 1993 to December 1997 in Osaka City University Hospital. RESULTS: The HOMA IR showed a hyperbolic relationship with clamp IR. The log-transformed HOMA IR (all subjects, r = -0.725, P &amp;lt; 0.0001; SU group, r = -0.727, P &amp;lt; 0.0001; diet group, r = -0.747, P &amp;lt; 0.0001) correlated more strongly with clamp IR than did HOMA IR per se (all subjects, r = -0.594, P &amp;lt; 0.0001; SU group, r = -0.640, P &amp;lt; 0.0001; diet group, r = -0.632, P = 0.0004). The univariate regression line between log-transformed HOMA IR and clamp IR in the SU group did not differ from that in the diet group (slope, -6.866 vs. -5.120, P &amp;gt; 0.05; intercept, 6.566 vs. 5.478, P &amp;gt; 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the log-transformed HOMA IR was the strongest independent contributor to clamp IR (R2 = 0.640, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The HOMA IR strongly correlated with the clamp IR in type 2 diabetic patients treated with SUs as well as in those treated with diet alone.
The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment
Authors: William R. Yates
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<b>New Treatment of Alcoholism</b>, by Markku Linnoila (<i>Distinguished Professors of Psychiatry Series</i>), one videocassette, color, 48 min, $29.95, Fort Washington, Pa, Distinguished Professors of Psychiatry, 1994. <i>The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Substance Abuse Treatment</i>presents a summary of what is known about treatment for alcoholism and drug abuse. The editors aim to "offer the field a well-organized review on the best and most effective modalities currently available for managing the substance-abusing patient." The textbook is targeted for clinicians in practice as well as residents in psychiatry and related disciplines. This focus corresponds to an interest within psychiatry in increased substance abuse training for psychiatry residents and the development of postresidency addiction fellowships. The textbook has three parts containing 29 chapters. Major section headings include an overview of treatment, treatment approaches for specific drugs of abuse, and general treatment modalities. The treatment modalities are further divided into individual treatments (individual
Screening without evidence of efficacy
Authors: Hazel Thornton
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Law argues that encouraging people to decide for themselves whether to attend for screening is ducking the issue.1 This is true only if a well founded public health programme for a specific disease has not been set up. Then, setting up a programme, as Law advocates, should be based on evidence, through rigorous scientific evaluation of efficacy through systematic review of …
Asymptomatic Significant Bacteriuria in the Non-pregnant Woman: II. Response to Treatment and Follow-up
Authors: A. W. Asscher, M. Sussman, W. E. Waters, J. A. S. Evans, H. Campbell, K. T. Evans, J. E. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Short courses of nitrofurantoin and ampicillin produced an immediate cure in 80% of adult non-pregnant bacteriuric women. Of the subjects so treated, 55% remained cured at the end of one year. Over the same follow-up period 36% of untreated bacteriuric women developed a spontaneous remission of bacteriuria. Treatment failed to prevent the development of symptomatic infection, and the reinfections which followed successful treatment were more commonly associated with the development of symptoms than the persistent or relapsing infections in untreated or unsuccessfully treated subjects. It is concluded that a search for bacteriuria in non-pregnant women is unlikely to be of value as a preventive measure, since in many instances it fails to detect urinary tract infection at an early stage and since treatment by methods suitable for large-scale use is ineffective.
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE DIRECT CAPILLARY TUBE LEUCOCYTE MIGRATION TECHNIQUE (LMCT)AND THE DIRECT AGAROSE LEUCOCYTE MIGRATION TECHNIQUE (LMAT)AS INDICATORS OF TUMOUR‐DIRECTED CELL‐MEDIATED HYPERSENSITIVITY (TCMH)IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL CARCINOMA
Authors: MOGENS KJAER, TORBEN B. SØRENSEN
Journal: Allergy (1976)

A comparison was made between the direct capillary tube leucocyte migration technique (LMCT) and the direct agarose leucocyte migration technique (LMAT) using crude homogenates of tumour tissue as antigen in patients with renal carcinoma. A state of specifically altered reactivity of leucocytes from patients with renal carcinoma as compared with normal control persons towards allogeneic hypernephroma extracts could be detected in the LMCT but not in the LMAT. The reactivity in the LMCT was manifest at protein concentrations of 300 and 400 mug/ml. The study indicates that in contrast to the LMCT, the LMAT cannot be used for detection of TCMH towards allogeneic hypernephroma tissue extracts in patients with renal carcinoma.
Amyloid β2-microglobulin is modified with imidazolone, a novel advanced glycation end product, in dialysis-related amyloidosis
Authors: Toshimitsu Niwa, Tomoyuki Katsuzaki, Shigeru Miyazaki, Tomoko Momoi, Takashi Akiba, Takashi Miyazaki, Kazuya Nokura, Fumitaka Hayase, Noriyuki Tatemichi, Yoshifumi Takei
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Commentaries on this month's Cardiovascular Controversy: the merits and demerits of animal experimentation From K Cholerton
Authors: K. Cholerton
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Commentaries on this month's Cardiovascular Controversy: the merits and demerits of animal experimentation From K Cholerton Get access Ken Cholerton Ken Cholerton Chairman, The Humane Research Trust, Brook House, 29 Bramhall Lane South, Bramhall, Cheshire, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 7, July 1994, Page 1107, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.7.1107a Published: 01 July 1994
ABC of diseases of liver, pancreas, and biliary system: Liver tumours
Authors: I J Beckingham, J E Krige
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Tumours of the liver may be cystic or solid, benign or malignant. Most are asymptomatic, with patients having normal liver function, and they are increasingly discovered incidentally during ultrasonography or computed tomography. Although most tumours are benign and require no treatment, it is important for non-specialists to be able to identify lesions that require further investigation and thus avoid unnecessary biopsy. Modern imaging combined with recent technical advances in liver surgery can now offer many patients safe and potentially curative resections for malignant, as well as benign, conditions affecting the liver.
Moon in the Man
Authors: Nancy Naomi Carlson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Health of Nations: Infectious Disease, Environmental Change, and Their Effects on National Security and Development
Authors: Richard Parker
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The functional organization of posterior parietal association cortex
Authors: James C. Lynch
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1980)

Abstract Posterior parietal cortex has traditionally been considered to be a sensory association area in which higher-order processing and intermodal integration of incoming sensory information occurs. In this paper, evidence from clinical reports and from lesion and behavioral-electrophysiological experiments using monkeys is reviewed and discussed in relation to the overall functional organization of posterior parietal association cortex, and particularly with respect to a proposed posterior parietal mechanism concerned with the initiation and control of certain classes of eye and limb movements. Preliminary data from studies of the effects of posterior parietal lesions on oculomotor control in monkeys are reported. The behavioral effects of lesions of posterior parietal cortex in monkeys have been found to be similar to those which follow analogous damage of the minor hemisphere in humans, while behavioral-electrophysiological experiments have disclosed classes of neurons in this area which have functional properties closely related to the behavioral acts that are disrupted by lesions of the area. On the basis of current data from these areas of study, it is proposed that the sensory association model of posterior parietal function is inadequate to account for the complexities of the present evidence. Instead, it now appears that many diverse neural mechanisms are located in part in parietal cortex, that some of these mechanisms are involved in sensory processing and perceptual functions, but that others participate in motor control, and that still others are involved in attentional, motivational, or emotional processes. It is further proposed that the elementary units of these various neural mechanisms are distributed within posterior parietal cortex according to the columnar hypothesis of Mountcastle.
475 THE EFFECT OF S-ALLYL CYSTEINE ON CCL4-INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS AND ON PRIMARY HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS
Authors: S. Kodai, S. Takemura, Y. Minamiyama, S. Hai, S. Yamamoto, S. Mizuguchi, H. Shinkawa, S. Kubo, S. Okada, S. Suehiro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
P5-11-05: Measurement of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Tumor Response in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer by Three Methodologies. Correlation with Overall Survival.
Authors: JA Garcia-Saenz, A Romero, Garcia-Asenjo JA Lopez, JM Roman, A Moreno, M Fuentes, V Furio, A Pelayo, E Diaz-Rubio, T Caldes, M Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Measurement of residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy that accurate predicts long-term survival in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is an essential requirement for new drugs efficacy evaluation. Several methods to assess neoadjuvant chemotherapy tumor response have been described. However, to our knowledge, agreement between methods and correlation with survival in independent prospective cohorts has not been reported. Patients &amp; Methods: In this study we report neoadjuvant chemotherapy tumor response and survival in 151 consecutive LABC patients, included in a neoadjuvant clinical trial (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00123929). Patients were randomized to either neoadjuvant docetaxel 100 mg/m2 every 21 days or neoadjuvant doxorubicin 75mg/m2, every 21 days, for 4 cycles. Following surgery, response was established according to three methodologies: the measurement of residual breast cancer burden (RBC) as described by Symman's (Symmans WF et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:4414–22), Miller and Payne classification (Ogston KN et al. Breast. 2003;12:320–7) and RECIST criteria. Regarding to Symmans classification we have evaluate both RBC index, as a continuous variable, and RBC classes as a categorical variable (RBC-0,I,II,III). Kappa Cohen's coefficient (K) was used to test agreement between methods. We assessed the correlation between treatment outcome and overall survival (OS) by calculating the Harrell's C- statistic. Results: Median of follow up was 51.9 months. All three methods showed a moderate capacity to classify patients according to OS. The C-statistic to predict OS was 0.76 (IC: 0.67- 0.84) for RBC index and 0.71 (IC: 0.64−0.78) for RBC classes, 0.68 (IC: 0.58−0.78) for RECIST criteria and 0.69 (0.60−0.78) for Miller and Payne classification. Interesting, we did not encountered any death events within RCB-0 class. No significant differences were found between C-statistic when patients were stratified according to therapy. In order to assess the agreement between techniques, we grouped categories 1 and 2 of Miller and Payne classification in 1 category. The agreement between Miller and Payne classification and Symmans method was very high (K=0.87). In contrast, we found a moderate-fair agreement between Miller and Payne classification and RECIST criteria (K=0.46) and Symmans method and RECIST criteria (K=0.27). Conclusion: All three methods predicted fairly well OS. RCB-0 identified the best outcome group. The agreement between methodologies based in pathology analyses was very high. However, the agreement falls off when these methodologies were compared with RECIST criteria. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-05.
Stat5a regulates T helper cell differentiation by several distinct mechanisms
Authors: Shin-ichiro Kagami, Hiroshi Nakajima, Akira Suto, Koichi Hirose, Kotaro Suzuki, Sumiyo Morita, Ikunoshin Kato, Yasushi Saito, Toshio Kitamura, Itsuo Iwamoto
Journal: Blood (2001)
Prolonged infection with hepatitis B virus and association between low blood cholesterol concentration and liver cancer.
Authors: Z Chen, A Keech, R Collins, B Slavin, J Chen, T C Campbell, R Peto
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether prolonged infection with hepatitis B virus is associated with a lower blood cholesterol concentration. DESIGN--Cross sectional study. SETTING--81 villages in rural China with a high prevalence of chronic infection with hepatitis B virus. SUBJECTS--1556 apparently healthy men aged 35-64 years, randomly selected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Hepatitis B virus carrier state; plasma concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein A I. RESULTS--238 (15%) of the men were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen, indicating that they were chronic carriers. Plasma concentration of cholesterol was 4.2% (0.11 mmol/l) lower among carriers (that is, positive for hepatitis B surface antigen) than among non-carriers (95% confidence interval 0.6% to 8.0% (0.01 to 0.21 mmol/l), p &lt; 0.05), and apolipoprotein B concentration was 7.0% (0.036 g/l) lower (2.8% to 11.2% (0.014 to 0.058 g/l), p &lt; 0.001). In contrast, no association was observed between plasma concentrations of cholesterol or apolipoprotein and hepatitis B that had been eradicated (that is, patient positive for hepatitis B core antibody but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen). CONCLUSIONS--Chronic hepatitis B virus infection, which usually starts in early childhood in China, seems to lead not only to a greatly increased risk of death from liver disease but also to a somewhat lower cholesterol concentration in adulthood. This common cause produces an inverse association between cholesterol concentration and risk of death from liver cancer or from other chronic liver diseases.
Case Report: The Clinical Toxicity of Dimethylamine Borane
Authors: Yu-Tse Tsan, Kai-Yu Peng, Dong-Zong Hung, Wei-Hsiung Hu, Dar-Yu Yang
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Dimethylamine borane (DMAB) is a reducing agent used in nonelectric plating of semiconductors. Exposures are usually through occupational contact. We report here four cases of people who suffered from work-related exposure to DMAB.Three patients exposed to DMAB decontaminated immediately by drinking a lot of water; they reported dizziness, nausea, diarrhea 6-8 hr later. The other patient did not decontaminate at once, and he suffered from more severe symptoms, including dizziness, nausea, limb numbness, slurred speech, irritable mood, and ataxia 13 hr later. Magnetic resonance imaging showed symmetric lesions with hyperintensity on T2WI and FLAIR in bilateral cerebellar dantate nuclei. This patient was readmitted to the hospital due to difficulty in walking and climbing 18 days after exposure. Lower leg weakness and drop foot were found bilaterally. A nerve conduction study revealed polyneuropathy with motor-predominant axonal degeneration. This patient receives regular outpatient followups and still walks with a clumsy gait and has difficulty with hand-grasping activity.This case study demonstrates that DMAB is highly toxic to humans through any route of exposure, and dermal absorption is the major route of neurotoxicity. DMAB induces acute cortical and cerebellar injuries and delayed peripheral neuropathy.Further investigation of the toxic mechanism of DMAB is warranted. Early decontamination with copious water is the best current treatment for exposure to DMAB.
Book: Evidence-Based Sports Medicine
Authors: A. Pasternak
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Eds Domhnall MacAuley, Thomas Best BMJ Books, £50, pp 578 ISBN 0 7279 1584 3 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Evidence based medicine (EBM) is a term that often gets bandied about these days. At a recent evening lecture, the featured speaker droned on about how he was a firm believer in EBM. It turned out, however, that the speaker's presentation didn't follow the EBM guidelines described by Sackett and colleagues ( BMJ 1996;312:71-72). This particular doctor must have felt that just using the term “EBM” gave him credibility. A few … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens
Authors: Louis Pelner
Journal: JAMA (1966)

PHLEGMASIA cerulea dolens, aptly termed "gangrene of venous origin," is a relatively infrequent condition, only 200 cases having been described up to the present time.<sup>1</sup>It is the most severe form of venous thrombotic disease. The extreme gravity of this disease can be deduced from the frequent development of shock, gangrene, and pulmonary embolism, often resulting in death. In a recent survey of the literature, it was found that 31.9% of the patients died, gangrene developed in 31.9% of the survivors, and 41.6% of those who recovered had post-thrombotic syndrome.<sup>2</sup>The post-thrombotic syndrome consisted of pain and swelling of the involved limb on standing for a prolonged period. We used a form of treatment, intravenously administered dextran 75, which we believe has not been previously reported as a treatment of this disease. The improvement was so prompt and decisive, that we believe it should be tried before more
BPIFB1 Is a Lung-Specific Autoantigen Associated with Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Anthony K. Shum, Mohammad Alimohammadi, Catherine L. Tan, Mickie H. Cheng, Todd C. Metzger, Christopher S. Law, Wint Lwin, Jaakko Perheentupa, Helene Bour-Jordan, Jean Claude Carel, Eystein S. Husebye, Filippo De Luca, Christer Janson, Ravishankar Sargur, Noémie Dubois, Merja Kajosaari, Paul J. Wolters, Harold A. Chapman, Olle Kämpe, Mark S. Anderson
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2013)

Autoimmunity targeting the lung-specific antigen BPIFB1 may be important to the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease.