tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Bone-Marrow Failure by Isogeneic Marrow Infusion
Authors: Randolph P. Pillow, Robert B. Epstein, C. Dean Buckner, Eloise R. Giblett, E. Donnall Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

BONE-marrow failure, or "aplastic anemia," whether idiopathic or induced by drugs, is an illness of obscure pathophysiology and high mortality.1 Treatment of this illness by infusion of normal marrow cells from an identical twin is of particular interest since growth of the infused marrow suggests the absence of "toxins" and the presence of normal nutrient factors.2 This report describes another case of successful treatment of acute bone-marrow failure by isogeneic marrow infusion and reviews the experiences in 9 similar cases.Case ReportAn 18-year-old boy, previously in excellent health, began to complain of a sore throat about September 12, 1964. . . .
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF GATED SPECT THALLIUM IMAGING
Authors: J. J. Pippin, S. J. Durham, S. M. Devers, T. D. Payne, C. J. Branetettor, M. A. Brodie, H. L. Bagwill, Y. L. Holdman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Pippin, J. J.; Durham, S. J.; Devers, S. M.; Payne, T. D.; Branetettor, C. J.; Brodie, M. A.; Bagwill, H. L.; Holdman, Y. L. Author Information
UN launches humanitarian appeal for Gaza
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, has launched an appeal for $613m (£432m; €480m) to provide immediate life saving humanitarian aid to help the civilian population of the Gaza Strip after the three week military onslaught by Israel.

“Help is needed urgently: food, clean water, shelter, medicine, restoration of basic services,” Mr Ban told reporters at the launch of the appeal on Thursday 29 January at the annual world economic forum in Davos, Switzerland. The appeal includes $46m specifically for health care.

Without urgent action, the UN chief said, Gaza faces “an even greater humanitarian calamity.”

He said, “People have lost their families. They have lost their homes, belongings, and livelihoods.” Schools, clinics, factories, and businesses have been destroyed, he said. The funds sought are meant to help …
Study maps the link between socioeconomic status and tobacco use across India
Authors: T. Biswas
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Half of all households in 24 states and territories in India report some kind of tobacco use and 9% consume multiple forms of tobacco, a study has found.

The study, reported in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease , analysed data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey of the 66th National Sample Survey (2009-10) which covered 100 855 households across India.1 The estimates of consumption of cigarettes, bidis, and smokeless tobacco were based on 30-day recall. …
Decreased survival in vivo of diamide-incubated dog erythrocytes. A model of oxidant-induced hemolysis.
Authors: G J Johnson, D W Allen, T P Flynn, B Finkel, J G White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Erythrocytes from patients with chronic hemolytic variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency have structural membrane protein abnormalities accompanied by decreased cell membrane deformability which we postulate represent the consequences of oxidant-induced membrane injury. To evaluate the pathophysiologic significance of oxidant-induced membrane injury, we studied the in vitro and in vivo effects of the thiol-oxidizing agent, diamide, on dog erythrocytes. In vitro incubation of dog erythrocytes with 0.4 mM diamide in Tris-buffered saline for 90 min at 37 degrees C resulted in depletion of GSH, formation of membrane polypeptide aggregates (440,000 and > 50,000,000 daltons) and decreased cell micropipette deformability, abnormalities similar to those observed in the erythrocytes of patients with chronic hemolytic variants of G-6-PD deficiency. In addition, diamide-incubated cells had increased viscosity and increased membrane specific gravity, but no change in ATP. Reinjection of 51Cr-labeled, diamide-incubated cells was followed by markedly shortened in vivo survival and splenic sequestration. Further incubation of diamide-incubated cells in 4 mM dithiothreitol reversed the membrane polypeptide aggregates, normalized micropipette deformability, decreased cell viscosity, prolonged in vivi survival, and decreased splenic sequestration. These studied demonstrate that diamide induces a partially reversible erythrocyte lesion which is a useful model of oxidant-induced membrane injury. They suggest that oxidant-induced erythrocyte membrane injury plays an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic hemolysis which accompanies some G-6-PD variants.
TCTAP A-061 Factors Which Determine Compression of Surrounding Structures in Amplatzer Septal Occluder Following Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: Kazuto Fujimoto, Hiroaki Kise, Hisako Kiguchi, Takanari Fujii, Hideshi Tomita, Nobuo Oyama, Takashi Soga
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Efficacy of feverfew as prophylactic treatment of migraine.
Authors: E S Johnson, N P Kadam, D M Hylands, P J Hylands
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Seventeen patients who ate fresh leaves of feverfew daily as prophylaxis against migraine participated in a double blind placebo controlled trial of the herb: eight patients received capsules containing freeze dried feverfew powder and nine placebo. Those who received placebo had a significant increase in the frequency and severity of headache, nausea, and vomiting with the emergence of untoward effects during the early months of treatment. The group given capsules of feverfew showed no change in the frequency or severity of symptoms of migraine. This provides evidence that feverfew taken prophylactically prevents attacks of migraine, and confirmatory studies are now indicated, preferably with a formulation controlled for sesquiterpene lactone content, in migraine sufferers who have never treated themselves with this herb.
IMPROPER USE OF THE WORD ETIOLOGY
Authors: Howard Fox
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To  Editor:—  One of  commonest errors in medical writing is in use of  word etiology. The precise meaning of this word, derived from  Greek words [unk] and [unk] is  science or study of causation. It is therefore incorrect to say  etiology of  disease is  Authors who make this common error intend to say that  cause of  disease is unknown and not that  science or study of causation is unknown.  Similar mistakes are often made with other words ending in logy. There is no excuse for  outrageous expression there was no pathology, as  author who writes in this manner would not dream of saying there was no opthalmology in place of stating that he found no abnormal changes in  eyes. Perhaps  worst example of medical jargon is  expression the patient has a negative serology. Some
Seasoned AIDS warriors extend arms to rookies in the battle against HIV disease
Authors: M. F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Growth of Pulmonary Microvasculature in Ventilated Preterm Infants
Authors: Monique E. De Paepe, Quanfu Mao, Jessica Powell, Sam E. Rubin, Philip DeKoninck, Naomi Appel, Meredith Dixon, Füsun Gundogan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Density-based morphometric studies have demonstrated decreased capillary density in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and in BPD-like animal models, leading to the prevailing view that microvascular development is disrupted in BPD.To perform a comprehensive analysis of the early and late effects of ventilation on pulmonary microvascular growth in preterm infants.Postmortem lung samples were collected from ventilated preterm infants who died between 23 and 29 wk ("short-term ventilated") or between 36 and 39 wk ("long-term ventilated") corrected postmenstrual age. Results were compared with age-matched infants or stillborn infants ("early" and "late" control subjects). Microvascular growth was studied by anti-platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1 immunohistochemistry, quantitative stereology, analysis of endothelial cell proliferation, and Western blot analysis of pulmonary PECAM-1 protein levels.Measurements were made of capillary density, volume of air-exchanging parenchyma, volume of microvascular endothelial cells, Ki67 labeling index of endothelial cells, and PECAM-1/actin protein levels.Lungs of long-term ventilated infants showed a significant (more than twofold) increase in volume of air-exchanging parenchyma and a 60% increase in total pulmonary microvascular endothelial volume compared with late control subjects, associated with 60% higher pulmonary PECAM-1 protein levels. The marked expansion of the pulmonary microvasculature in ventilated lungs was, at least partly, attributable to brisk endothelial cell proliferation. The microvasculature of ventilated lungs appeared immature, retaining a saccular architectural pattern.The pulmonary microvasculature of ventilated preterm infants displayed marked angiogenesis, nearly proportionate to the growth of the air-exchanging lung parenchyma. These results challenge the paradigm of microvascular growth arrest as a major pathogenic factor in BPD.
A Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Protects African Green Monkeys from Hendra Virus Challenge
Authors: Katharine N. Bossart, Thomas W. Geisbert, Heinz Feldmann, Zhongyu Zhu, Friederike Feldmann, Joan B. Geisbert, Lianying Yan, Yan-Ru Feng, Doug Brining, Dana Scott, Yanping Wang, Antony S. Dimitrov, Julie Callison, Yee-Peng Chan, Andrew C. Hickey, Dimiter S. Dimitrov, Christopher C. Broder, Barry Rockx
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2011)

A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody can fully protect nonhuman primates from disease after a lethal Hendra virus challenge.
Rash in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Javier Munoz, Philip Kuriakose
Journal: JAMA (2012)

A 48-YEAR-OLD MAN WITH LOW-RISK ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (APL) undergoes induction chemotherapy with daily all-trans retinoic acid (tretinoin), cytarabine (days 1-7), and daunorubicin (days 1-3). His clinical course is complicated by low-grade fever and a rash on day 15. The rash starts as tender purple papules on the extensor surface of his upper extremities (FIGURE, A) and quickly disseminates to his ears (Figure, B) and shoulders . His vital signs remain stable without hypoxia. Blood culture results are negative, and imaging does not show pulmonary or pericardial effusions. Tretinoin is held on day 21 due to worsening of skin lesions. Subsequently, the rash appears on his lower extremities as well. What Would You Do Next?
Prognostic value of CD4+ lymphocytes in pleural cavity of patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: K Takahashi
Journal: Thorax (2001)

Background-For patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer the TNM staging system and other conventional prognostic factors fail to predict accurately the outcome of treatment and survival.This study attempts to determine the prognostic value for survival of the proportions of CD4+ lymphocytes in the pleural cavity (PLY) of patients with resectable nonsmall cell lung cancer.Methods-Lymphocytes in the pleural cavity separated from 51 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were examined by flow cytometry to measure the proportions of CD4+ PLY.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between the proportion of CD4+ PLY and survival.Results-The 5 year survival rate of patients with percentage CD4+ PLY of <30% was 84% whereas that of patients with %CD4+ PLY >30% was 26.9%.The diVerence in survival between the %CD4+ PLY <30% and %CD4+ PLY >30% groups was significant (p<0.0001).The %CD4+ PLY in those who survived for 5 years was significantly lower than that in the patients who died within 5 years (p<0.0001).The diVerence in survival between patients with stage IA and IB lung cancer with %CD4+ PLY <30% and those with %CD4+ PLY >30% was also significant (p =0.015).Multivariate analysis showed that the proportion of CD4+ PLY (hazard ratio=6.9,95% CI 0.045 to 0.47) and nodal status (hazard ratio=22.7,95% CI 0.006 to 1.806) are significant and independent prognostic factors for the survival of patients with lung cancer. Conclusions-The proportion of CD4+PLY may help to select patients who are likely to have a poorer prognosis after surgery and therefore may be suitable for consideration of adjuvant treatments.These results need confirmation in a larger prospective study.
Clinical Pharmacology of Human Insulin of Recombinant DNA Origin in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Akio Ebihara, Kazuoki Kondo, Kuroichi Ohashi, Kinori Kosaka, Takeshi Kuzuya, Seiichiro Tarui
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

The serum insulin, fractional absorption, serum human C-peptide, and plasma glucose responses of normal fasting subjects were compared after the subcutaneous and intravenous administration of human insulin (recombinant DNA) and Novo Actrapid insulin. While no statistical difference at each time point was observed between the two insulins, for each time point after 0.05 and 0.1 U/kg s.c, the 0–6 h area under curve (AUC) after the 0.05 U/kg dose was greater for human insulin than for pork insulin. There was no difference in the 0–6 h AUC after the 0.1 U/kg s.c. dose. The serum human C-peptide responses to the two insulins were virtually identical. With the 0.05 U/kg s.c. dose, hypoglycemic effect of human insulin was greater than for Actrapid. This difference did not occur after 0.1 U/kg s.c. Following intravenous administration using 0.05 U/kg, the serum IRI, serum C-peptide, and glucose responses were the same. These data indicate only slight differences between human insulin and Actrapid insulin.
ABC of Rheumatology: RASHES AND VASCULITIS
Authors: R A Watts, D G I Scott
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Differential diagnosis of rash and arthritis * Infection * Drug reaction * Sarcoidosis * Juvenile chronic arthritis * Connective tissue disease * Psoriasis * Vasculitis Infection Gonococcal pustules in disseminated infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Many patients with rheumatological disorders either present with a rash or develop a rash in the course of the disease.This is particularly true of the connective tissue diseases and psoriasis, which have been described elsewhere in this series.The differential diagnosis of rash and arthritis is wide, but in most cases a diagnosis can be made on the basis of history, clinical examination, and appropriate blood tests.Several microorganisms can cause both a rash and arthritis, either by direct infection or by immune mediated mechanisms. Streptococcal infectionsRheumatic fever is caused by an immune mediated response to group A fi haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.It is rare in the developed world, but recent outbreaks have been reported in the United States and Europe.Most cases occur in people aged 5-16.The characteristic skin lesion is erythema marginatum.The arthritis affects large joints and migrates from joint to joint, each joint being affected for only two to three days, and lasts overall for three weeks.Nodules may develop over bony prominences; other features include chorea and carditis.Infections are treated with penicillin and anti-inflammatory drugs.* Acute sarcoidosis * Drugs (such as oral contraceptives, sulphonamides) * , haemolytic streptococci * Ulcerative colitis * Crohn's disease * Tuberculosis Vasculits * Urine analysis (proteinuria, haematuria, casts) * Renal function tests (creatinine clearance, 24 hour protein excretion) * Blood count (total, white blood cells, eosinophils) * Acute phase response (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein) * Liver function tests Immunological tests * Autoantibodies (rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, anticardiolipin antibodies) * Complement and immune complexes * Cryoglobulins Differential diagnosis * Blood cultures * Viral serology (hepatitis B, cytomegalovirus) * Echocardiography Specific investigations * Radiographs of chest and sinus * Biopsy of affected organs (especially kidney) * Angiography Important mimics of vasculitis * Subacute bacterial endocarditis * Atrial myxoma * Cholesterol embolism * Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Aims of management of vasculitis * Induction of remission * Maintenance of remission * Recognition and early treatment of relapse * Avoidance of drug toxicity L.
Frequent translocation t(4;14)(p16.3;q32.3) in multiple myeloma is associated with increased expression and activating mutations of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
Authors: Marta Chesi, Elena Nardini, Leslie A. Brents, Evelin Schröck, Thomas Ried, W. Michael Kuehl, P. Leif Bergsagel
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
Sudden Death in Young Athletes -- Lessons from the Hank Gathers Affair
Authors: B J Maron
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Recently, there has been growing interest in the problem of cardiovascular disease in young athletes. Some of the compelling issues are the causes of sudden cardiac death during physical exertion, the appropriateness and practicality of cardiovascular screening before participation in athletic events, and the establishment of guidelines for disqualification from competition14. Several cardiovascular disorders have been implicated as the principal causes of death on the athletic field,412 the most common being hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries, Marfan's syndrome, and (in one series) right ventricular dysplasia13. In most of these disorders, sudden cardiac death . . .
Radionuclides in the Great Lakes basin.
Authors: B A Ahier, B L Tracy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The Great Lakes basin is of radiologic interest due to the large population within its boundaries that may be exposed to various sources of ionizing radiation. Specific radionuclides of interest in the basin arising from natural and artificial sources include 3H, 14C, 90Sr, 129I, 131I, 137Cs, 222Rn, 226Ra, 235U, 238U, 239Pu, and 241Am. The greatest contribution to total radiation exposure is the natural background radiation that provides an average dose of about 2.6 mSv/year to all basin residents. Global fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted before 1963 has resulted in the largest input of anthropogenic radioactivity into the lakes. Of increasing importance is the radionuclide input from the various components of the nuclear fuel cycle. Although the dose from these activities is currently very low, it is expected to increase if there is continued growth of the nuclear industry. In spite of strict regulations on design and operation of nuclear power facilities, the potential exists for a serious accident as a result of the large inventories of radionuclides contained in the reactor cores; however, these risks are several orders of magnitude less than the risks from other natural and man-made hazards. An area of major priority over the next few decades will be the management of the substantial amounts of radioactive waste generated by nuclear fuel cycle activities. Based on derived risk coefficients, the theoretical incidence of fatal and weighted nonfatal cancers and hereditary defects in the basin's population, attributable to 50 years of exposure to natural background radiation, is conservatively estimated to be of the order of 3.4 x 10(5) cases. The total number of attributable health effects to the year 2050 from fallout radionuclides in the Great Lakes basin is of the order of 5.0 x 10(3). In contrast, estimates of attributable health effects from 50 years of exposure to current nuclear fuel cycle effluent in the basin are of the order of 2 x 10(2). Although these are hypothetical risks, they show that the radiologic impact of man-made sources is very small compared to the effects of normal background radiation.
Routine Preoperative Screening for HIV
Authors: Lawrence D. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hagen et al,<sup>1</sup>in a recent article in<i>JAMA</i>, give a variety of reasons why they consider testing for human immunodeficiency virus on presurgical patients unnecessary in terms of risk to operating surgeons. This issue has been, and will continue to be, debated. However, there is another aspect to the evaluation of the preoperative patient. That has to do with potential complications found in the patient subseqent to surgery. If indeed an individual tests positive for human immunodeficiency virus, the stress caused by the surgery may well speed up the manifestations of the infection and the ultimate disease process. Before operating on a person I would like to know what complications I am most likely to deal with in the postoperative patient. For the patient with human immunodeficiency virus—positive blood, it is entirely possible that it will be necessary to deal with the complications caused by
Inclusion of Patients with Brain Metastases in Phase I Trials: An Unmet Need
Authors: Mrinal M. Gounder, David R. Spriggs
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Patients with brain metastases are increasing in number; however, these patients are often excluded in phase I/II trials due to perceived poor prognosis, risk of hemorrhage, inefficient drug delivery, and confounding toxicities. Tsimberidou and colleagues demonstrate that selected patients can be appropriately enrolled in phase I trials and have outcomes representative of the general cancer population.
Abstract 5180: Activation of NF- KB by Notch4/Int3 is Rbpj-independant.
Authors: Ahmed M. Raafat, Sharon Bargo, Robert Callahan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Transgenic mice expressing the Notch 4 intracellular domain (ICD) (Int3) in the mammary gland have two phenotypes exhibited with 100% penetrance: arrest of mammary alveolar/lobular development and mammary tumorigenesis. Notch4 signaling is mediated primarily through the interaction of Int3 with the transcription repressor/activator Rbpj. Interestingly, Rbpj knockout mice (Wap-Cre+/Rbpj-/-/Wap-Int3) have normal mammary gland development also developed mammary tumors with a slightly longer latency than the Wap-Int3 mice. Thus, Notch-induced mammary tumor development is independent of this interaction. Here, we show that Int3 activates NF-κB in HC-11 cells and induces p50 Phosphorylation in absence of Rbpj. Also, Int3 regulates NF-κB in mammary tumors via IKK-mediated pathway. Treatment of Wap-Int3 baring tumors mice with IKK inhibitor resulted in tumors regression. Also, Wap-Int3/p50 knockout mice did not develop mammary tumors. The data indicates that the NF-κB canonical pathway is the Int3-Rbpj independent pathway. Citation Format: Ahmed M. Raafat, Sharon Bargo, Robert Callahan. Activation of NF- KB by Notch4/Int3 is Rbpj-independant. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5180. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5180