tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radionuclide Detection of Peritoneovenous Shunt Patency
Authors: Filip Gemmel, Michel Ravier, Roberto Troisi, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Bieke Lambert, Vincent Renard, Rudi A. Dierckx
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

The Denver peritoneovenous shunt, implanted for cirrhosis-related intractable ascites, appears to provide effective palliation in the majority of patients. A 53-year-old man had hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis with multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma. Two months after injection with I-131 lipiodol he developed acute ascites decompensation and did not respond to high-dose diuretics. A 46-year-old man with a history of hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis and bifocal nodules of hepatocellular carcinoma was transplanted. Local recurrence in the graft and malignant ascites occurred after 18 months. To evaluate shunt patency, a radionuclide study was performed in both patients after the intraperitoneal injection of 185 MBq (5 mCi) Tc-99m nanocolloid.
A CASE OF NEURITIS OF THE RIGHT INFERIOR DENTAL NERVEINCIDENT ON FORWARD DISLOCATION OF THE MANDIBLE OF THREE YEARS' STANDING.
Authors: GEORGE A. MOLEEN
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Aside from its rarity, the following case will illustrate the importance of a clear history and complete examination even in such a simple malady as facial neuralgia. I acknowledge my indebtedness to Drs. Packard and Silverstein for their prompt care and treatment of what seemed to be the cause. Mrs. L. K., aged 49, born in Lebanon, Pa., has been in Colorado three years and did not come for her health; occupation housewife. First seen Feb. 7, 1903. <h3>Family History.</h3> —Parents born in Pennsylvania; mother died of la grippe, father from dropsy. There were fourteen in the family, of whom five sisters and two brothers are living, the remainder are dead from various irrelevant causes. Tuberculosis, other chronic diseases, insanity and nervous diseases are denied. <h3>Past History.</h3> —Of the exanthemata she had diphtheria at 9; measles at 22; denies scarlet fever; has had no sequelæ nor has she at any time
Canine Renal Homografts
Authors: Charles F. Zukoski
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Mercaptopurine,<sup>1-3</sup>azathioprine,<sup>4,5</sup>and 6-methyl mercaptopurine<sup>6</sup>prolong canine renal homograft survival when administered on the day of transplantation and thereafter. The most advantageous time to begin immunosuppressive therapy for the highest percentage of long-term survivors has not been determined. The present experiments were designed to evaluate the effect of a one, two, or three day delayed administration of these drugs on canine renal homograft survival. <h3>Methods</h3> Utilizing 79 female mongrel dogs weighing 10 to 15 kg, pairs of dogs underwent bilateral nephrectomy and had a renal homograft exchanged between them. The renal artery and vein were anastomed to the external iliac artery and common iliac respectively. The ureter was placed into the bladder. The immunosuppressive agents were administered orally the day of transplantation in some and one, two, and three days after homografting in the remainder. The following dose regimens were given: mercaptopurine, 5 mg/kg for four days, then
Subxiphoid cross-sectional echocardiographic imaging of the "goose-neck" deformity in endocardial cushion defect.
Authors: H Yoshida, T Funabashi, S Nakaya, T Maeda, N Taniguchi
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The cross-sectional echocardiographic demonstration of the "goose-neck" deformity is described in four patients with endocardial cushion defect. The diagnosis was confirmed in each patient by left ventricular angiocardiogram. The subxiphoid approach of cross-sectional echocardiography in diastole allowed visualization of an elongated, narrowed, and somewhat horizontally inclined configuration of the left ventricular outflow tract, which appeared almost identical to that obtained by angiocardiography. In systole, the right border of the left ventricle was composed of the cleft anterior mitral leaflet, the left-sided line of which was convex toward the left ventricular cavity. The mitral valvular echoes were thickened, jagged and irregular, which seemed to correspond to the scalloped appearance of the right border of the left ventricular silhouette in a systolic phase of the left ventricular angiocardiogram. There were no obvious differences between the goose-neck configuration of complete-type endocardial cushion defect and that of ostium primum atrial septal defect.
Immediate vs Delayed Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Gilles Montalescot, Guillaume Cayla, Jean-Philippe Collet, Simon Elhadad, Farzin Beygui, Hervé Le Breton, Rémi Choussat, Florence Leclercq, Johanne Silvain, François Duclos, Mounir Aout, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé, Olivier Barthélémy, Grégory Ducrocq, Anne Bellemain-Appaix, Laurent Payot, Philippe-Gabriel Steg, Patrick Henry, Christian Spaulding, Eric Vicaut, for the ABOARD Investigators
Journal: JAMA (2009)

International guidelines recommend an early invasive strategy for patients with high-risk acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation, but the optimal timing of intervention is uncertain.To determine whether immediate intervention on admission can result in a reduction of myocardial infarction compared with a delayed intervention.The Angioplasty to Blunt the Rise of Troponin in Acute Coronary Syndromes Randomized for an Immediate or Delayed Intervention (ABOARD) study, a randomized clinical trial that assigned, from August 2006 through September 2008 at 13 centers in France, 352 patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation and a Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score of 3 or more to receive intervention either immediately or on the next working day (between 8 and 60 hours after enrollment).The primary end point was the peak troponin value during hospitalization; the key secondary end point was the composite of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization at 1-month follow-up.Time from randomization to sheath insertion was 70 minutes with immediate intervention vs 21 hours with delayed intervention. The primary end point did not differ between the 2 strategies (median [interquartile range] troponin I value, 2.1 [0.3-7.1] ng/mL vs 1.7 [0.3-7.2] ng/mL in the immediate and delayed intervention groups, respectively; P = .70). The key secondary end point was observed in 13.7% (95% confidence interval, 8.6%-18.8%) of the group assigned to receive immediate intervention and 10.2% (95% confidence interval, 5.7%-14.6%) of the group assigned to receive delayed intervention (P = .31). The other end points, as well as major bleeding, did not differ between the 2 strategies.In patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation, a strategy of immediate intervention compared with a strategy of intervention deferred to the next working day (mean, 21 hours) did not result in a difference in myocardial infarction as defined by peak troponin level.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00442949.
Abstract 46: Microglial stimulation of glioblastoma invasion involves EGFR and CSF-1R signaling
Authors: Salvatore J. Coniglio, Eliseo Eugenin, Kostantin Dobrenis, Brian West, Marc Symons, Jeffrey E. Segall
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The ability of glioma tumor cells to infiltrate the surrounding brain parenchyma makes complete removal of these tumors nearly impossible. We investigated how microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, stimulate glioma cell invasion. Coculture with microglia stimulates the invasion of GL261 glioma cells in-vitro. Pharmacological inhibition of EGFR using Iressa completely inhibits microglia-stimulated invasion and sequestration of EGF using an EGF-specific function-blocking antibody also fully inhibits microglia-stimulated glioma invasion. Furthermore, we demonstrate using novel CSF-1R (c-fms) inhibitors that CSF-1R signaling is also required for microglial enhancement of glioma invasion. GL261 cells were found to constitutively secrete CSF-1, the levels of which are unaffected by EGF stimulation, EGFR inhibition or coculture with microglia. In addition, GL261 tumors orthotopically injected into the brains of C57 mice fed with PLX3397 were compromised in their ability to recruit microglia/macrophages. Interestingly, tumors from these animals also showed a 50% reduction in invasion into the parenchyma. These data indicate that during invasion, glioma and microglia cells signal to each other using EGF and CSF-1 similar to what has been observed in breast cancer models. The results of this study indicate the possibility of inhibiting glioblastoma invasion by targeting functions of tumor-associated microglia in addition to glioma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 46. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-46
Diagnosis of Meckel Diverticulum-Reply
Authors: Max Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1976)

My thanks to Dr Matt for the reference to his review of the Meckel diverticulum literature through 1938. He reiterates a major caution:<sup>99m</sup>Tc scanning for Meckel diverticulum is not 100% reliable. Of interest is a recent study of the use of this diagnostic technique (<i>Journal of Nuclear Medicine</i>17:553, 1976) that reports 78% accuracy. Scanning with<sup>99m</sup>Tc is expensive. In Army teaching hospitals the estimated cost is $50, but private fees on the east coast may reach $150, exceeding the cost in Dr Matt's area. A properly conceived<sup>99m</sup>Tc scan would not delay an urgently needed procedure. I don't endorse its use for patients with acute abdominal emergency or unstable gastrointestinal bleeding, although no special patient preparation is needed and the time from isotope injection to completion of scans need not exceed 45 minutes. Retrospectively, I agree that our case was typical. The scan,
Endometrial Jet Washing and Peritoneal Carcinosis
Authors: Antti Kauppila
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The Gravlee jet wash irrigator was introduced in 1964<sup>1</sup>and has wide acceptance because of its good diagnostic efficacy, as stated in many reports that were recently reviewed by Vuopala.<sup>2</sup>On the other hand, some doubt has been cast on its reliability by the finding of 14 failures in 25 patients with endometrial carcinoma (235:2748,1976). No serious side effects have been reported, and the risk of peritoneal dissemination of malignant cells has been regarded as negligible. However, spillage of methylene blue dye from the fimbriated end of the Fallopian tubes has been observed when a jet wash was performed at the time of laparotomy.<sup>3</sup> In our hospital the Gravlee jet wash technique has been used between 1974 and 1976 with good diagnostic results in 100 patients with endometrial carcinoma, which previously had been detected by endometrial curettage.<sup>2</sup>This population of carcinoma patients investigated
Ethics, Economics, and the Publication Policies of Major Medical Journals
Authors: Kevin Schulman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To evaluate aspects of the publication process that may affect the quality of the literature in clinical economics and biomedical ethics, and to learn about the policies of medical journals regarding disclosure of relationships between investigators and research sponsors.Mail survey.Editors in chief of 15 major medical journals.Twelve editors responded to the survey. Ten reported having statisticians among their editors, while only two had health economists and none had ethicists. Clinicians in the specialty field were almost always the primary reviewers of submissions, while methodologists (statisticians, health economists, or ethicists) were involved less frequently. Journals reported little knowledge of the training of their reviewers in these fields. While nine journals requested disclosure of the financial relationship between author and sponsor, only one inquired whether the sponsor's written approval was required prior to manuscript submission, and only one knew whether there was an independent steering committee for the study.These findings suggest that the peer review process can be strengthened to improve the quality of the medical literature in clinical economics and biomedical ethics. Journal editors also need to better understand the terms of research sponsorship agreements.
The Integrative Membrane Properties of Human Bronchial Parasympathetic Ganglia Neurons
Authors: RADHIKA KAJEKAR, HOLLY K. ROHDE, ALLEN C. MYERS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Parasympathetic ganglia neurons in the lower airway of laboratory animals have membrane properties associated with integration of signals from the central nervous system. In this study, intracellular recordings were made from parasympathetic ganglia located on bronchi from human lungs in order to determine the level of integration provided by human neurons. Ganglion neurons were characterized as either tonic or phasic: tonic neurons responded with repetitive action potentials sustained throughout a depolarizing current step whereas phasic neurons generated one action potential and accommodated. Phasic neurons could be further differentiated as having either short or long duration afterhyperpolarizing potentials following single action potentials. In phasic neurons, stimulation of preganglionic nerves elicited one or two populations of nicotinic fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) that were graded in amplitude, subthreshold for action potential generation, and decreased in amplitude during higher frequency stimulation. In tonic neurons, single preganglionic stimuli evoked two to five populations of fEPSPs, one to three of which were at threshold for action potential generation. Dye injection into the neurons revealed multiple, branching dendrites. These results provide evidence that human bronchial ganglion neurons have unique membrane properties and anatomical characteristics associated with integrating presynaptic stimuli. Changes in these properties may thus affect output from these ganglia and, consequently, autonomic tone in the lower airways.
No more bed blocking
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Here in the Greater Auchendreich Health Board area—where recent reorganisation has brought together primary care and acute services, along with strong and welcome board-level input from our colleagues in the world of social work—bed-blocking is no more.

Instead it is called delayed discharge, but despite the welcome advance in nomenclature the statistics remain depressingly familiar. Already cynics are muttering that our latest reorganisation can do little to address one of the central issues faced …
The PRDX2 gene is transcriptionally silenced and de novo methylated in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells of classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Markus Schneider, Marcin Szaumkessel, Julia Richter, Ole Ammerpohl, Martin-Leo Hansmann, Ralf Küppers, Reiner Siebert, Maciej Giefing
Journal: Blood (2014)
Gastric Gallium-67 Uptake in Gastritis
Authors: EN-LIN YEH, PATRICIA L. TISDALE, JASON S. ZIELONKA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Even though Ga–67 imaging has been used widely in the diagnosis of malignant as well as inflammatory lesions, its uptake in the stomach has been reported in the literature mainly in gastric lymphoma and carcinoma. As shown in this case, intense gastric uptake of the radionuclide may be seen in common gastritis without malignancy. Perhaps the benign gastric uptake of Ga–67 deserves more emphasis.
Effect of autogenic bacterial antigens on the production of histamine releasing factor by mononuclear cells from intrinsic asthmatic patients
Authors: P. Kuna, R. Alam, J. Rozniecki, B. Kuzminska
Journal: Allergy (1988)

The production of histamine releasing factor (HRF) by mononuclear cells (MNC) from intrinsic asthmatic patients has previously been reported (5). In this study, we investigated the effect of preincubation of lymphocytes with autogenic killed bacteria upon the production of HRF. Bacteria were isolated from the sputum, and nasopharyngeal swab obtained from patients and control subjects. MNC from intrinsic asthmatics and healthy controls were preincubated with killed bacteria for 4 h, then washed and cultured for 18 h. HRF activity of the cell‐free supernatants was assayed in the histamine release test using basophils from normal subjects. We found that MNC from the patients spontaneously produce significant amounts of HRF. Preincubation of the cells with autogenic bacterial antigens enhanced HRF production in 12 of 25 patients and only in one of 15 control subjects. No specific bacterial strain was identified as having the sole stimulatory property for HRF production; rather, individual susceptibility predisposes to the ability to produce HRF in response to some common bacteria. When MNC from healthy subjects were preincubated with bacterial antigens isolated from the patients, no enhancement in HRF production was observed. We concluded that MNC from some intrinsic asthmatics are specifically sensitized to certain bacterial antigens and release HRF upon contact with these antigens.
Prolonged half-life and preserved enzymatic properties of factor IX selectively PEGylated on native N-glycans in the activation peptide
Authors: Henrik Østergaard, Jais R. Bjelke, Lene Hansen, Lars Christian Petersen, Anette A. Pedersen, Torben Elm, Flemming Møller, Mette B. Hermit, Pernille K. Holm, Thomas N. Krogh, Jørn M. Petersen, Mirella Ezban, Brit B. Sørensen, Mette D. Andersen, Henrik Agersø, Haleh Ahmadian, Kristoffer W. Balling, Marie Louise S. Christiansen, Karin Knobe, Timothy C. Nichols, Søren E. Bjørn, Mikael Tranholm
Journal: Blood (2011)
Abstract P2-06-17: Biological Study of the Effects of GW572016 (Lapatinib) in Ras/Raf/MAK and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathways in HER2 Positive Ductal Breast Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS)
Authors: LG Estevez, A Suarez, I Calvo, L Ugidos, C Miró, H Durán, Y Quijano, M Herrero, F López-Ríos, M. Hidalgo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: DCIS is a heterogeneous disease, with increasing incidence. Up to 37% of DCIS overexpress HER2. Lapatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that directly inhibits HER2 receptor signaling by blocking the receptor's kinase activity. This work tested the hypothesis that Lapatinib inhibits Ras/Raf/MAK and PI3K/AKT signaling in HER2 positive DCIS. Patients and Methods: Patients with HER2 positive (FISH rate &amp;gt;2.2) DCIS diagnosed by core needle biopsy with low risk of having a hidden invasive component were eligible. Neoadjuvant Lapatinib 1500mg daily was administered for 4 weeks prior to surgical resection. EGFR was analyzed by FISH in the biopsy specimen. Ki67, PTEN, AKT, pAKT and pERK were evaluated by IHQ. PI3KCA mutations were screened at exons 9 and 20 by PCR. Apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL assay. All biological markers were measured before and after Lapatinib treatment. Results: Eleven pts with HER2 positive DCIS have been included to date. Median FISH amplification was 7 (range 2, 70-14). Evaluation pre-Lapatinib showed that: none of the pts had EGFR amplification; six pts (54%) had a Ki67 &amp;gt;25%; pAKT was overexpressed in 3 pts (27%) and pERK in 2 pts (18%); PTEN was deleted in 3 pts (27%). PI3KCA mutations were detected in only 1 pt (9%). After Lapatinib treatment, 9 pts were evaluable. We observed a trend for inactivation of the Ras/Raf/MAK signaling pathway in 7 pts (70%) patients. Interestingly, 3 of these pts had paradoxical activation of PI3K/Akt suggesting a compensatory feed back loop. One out of these 3 pts has PTEN deleted. In addition, 3 pts (33%) showed an increase in the apoptotic index. Conclusions: In our study, four weeks of Lapatinib against HER2 positive DCIS resulted in inactivation of Ras/Raf/MAK pathway; however an activation of the PI3K/Akt was seen as the same time in 3 pts. Nevertheless this trend needs to be confirmed with the inclusion of more pts. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-17.
REGIONAL BRAIN OXYGEN SATURATION AS A NOVEL INDEX OF NEUROLOGICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIOGENIC CARDIAC ARREST
Authors: Noritoshi Ito, Shinsuke Nanto, Yasuji Doi, Hirotaka Sawano, Daisaku Masuda, Shizuya Yamashita, Mai Hatano, Daisuke Tonomura, Yuma Kurozumi, Tomoaki Natsukawa, Yusuke Ito, Kazuyuki Oka, Jiro Ooba, Taizo Hasegawa, Makoto kobayashi, Hiroshi Ichiyanagi, Koji Akashi, Koichi Otsuya, Shoji Kaibe, Ken-ichiro Okada, Yasuyuki Hayashi, Tatsuro Kai, Toru Hayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Expert consensus document: A consensus on the medical treatment of acromegaly
Authors: Andrea Giustina, Philippe Chanson, David Kleinberg, Marcello D. Bronstein, David R. Clemmons, Anne Klibanski, Aart J. van der Lely, Christian J. Strasburger, Steven W. Lamberts, Ken K. Y. Ho, Felipe F. Casanueva, Shlomo Melmed
Journal: Nature Reviews Endocrinology (2014)
Rifampin Prophylaxis for Contacts of Haemophilus influenzae Type b Disease
Authors: Frederick Cox, Rose Trincher, J. Peter Rissing, Maurice Patton, George H. Mccracken, Dan M. Granoff
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Rifampin prophylaxis (20 mg/kg once daily for four days) was used in close contacts of children with<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>type b (HIB) disease. Two hours after a dose, the concentration of rifampin in serum and saliva exceeded the minimum bactericidal concentrations of organisms obtained from four of the carriers. In both a randomized prospective and an open study, nasopharyngeal carriage was eradicated in 37 (95%) of 39 contacts. No cases of serious<i>H influenzae</i>disease occurred in four to six months of follow-up. At the dose and treatment schedule used, rifampin was safe and effective for eradication of HIB carriage. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:1043-1045)
778 PRECLINICAL PROPERTIES OF THE NOVEL HCV NS3 PROTEASE INHIBITOR GS-9451
Authors: A. Corsa, M. Robinson, H. Yang, B. Peng, G. Cheng, B. Schultz, O. Barauskas, M. Hung, X. Liu, C. Yang, Y. Wang, G. Rhodes, R. Pakdaman, M. Shen, C. Sheng, C. Kim, W. Delaney
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Nuisance Bleeding With Prolonged Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Impact on Health Status
Authors: Amit P. Amin, Alok Bachuwar, Kimberly J. Reid, Adnan K. Chhatriwalla, Adam C. Salisbury, Robert W. Yeh, Mikhail Kosiborod, Tracy Y. Wang, Karen P. Alexander, Kensey Gosch, David J. Cohen, John A. Spertus, Richard G. Bach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)