tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mouse skin tumor initiation-promotion and complete carcinogenesis bioassays: mechanisms and biological activities of emission samples.
Authors: S Nesnow, L L Triplett, T J Slaga
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Extracts of soots obtained from various sources were applied to the skin of mice in an effort to identify carcinogens in these mixtures and to link these materials to the etiology of human cancer. Samples of coal chimney soot, coke oven materials, industrial carbon black, oil shale soot, and gasoline vehicle exhaust materials have been examined by this method. The studies reported here have been constructed to compare the carcinogenic and tumorigenic potency of extracts from various particulate emissions: coke ovens, diesel and gasoline vehicles and a roofing tar pot. Automobile emission samples were obtained by collecting the diluted and cooled exhaust on Teflon-coated glass fiber filters. Coke oven and roofing tar samples were particulate emission samples collected by impaction and filtration. The organic components associated with each of the particles were extracted with dichloromethane and dermally applied to SENCAR mice. All agents were applied as tumor initiators by using a five-dose protocol. Selected extracts were also applied as complete carcinogens and as tumor promotors. Statistical analyses of the resulting tumor data were performed by using nonlinear Poisson and probit models. The results from these experiments provide a suitable data base for comparative potency estimation of complex mixtures.
Absence of the Low Affinity Receptor for Leukotriene B4, BLT2, on NKT Cells Results in Failure to Develop Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation
Authors: Y. Shin, K. Takeda, Y. Shiraishi, Y. Jeong, Y. Jia, S. Mathis, B. Haribabu, E.W. Gelfand
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Human keratinocytes constitutively produce but do not process interleukin-18
Authors: J.B. Mee, Y. Alam, R.W. Groves
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Background Interleukin (IL)-18 is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine which promotes T-helper (Th) 1 and cytotoxic responses. IL-18 signals through a two-chain receptor (IL-18R and accessory protein-like subunit, AcPL), and an inhibitory molecule, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), has recently been characterized. Objectives The aim of the present study was to define the production of IL-18 and its receptor by human keratinocytes. Methods The presence of IL-18 was determined using polymerase chain reaction in human keratinocyte cultures with or without treatment with potential inducers. Results The IL-18 gene was constitutively transcribed by primary human keratinocytes and cell lines and was not significantly altered following exposure to IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, phorbol myristate acetate or nickel sulphate. IL-18 protein was constitutively present at high levels in keratinocyte lysates and was detectable in supernatants exclusively in the unprocessed, 24-kDa form. Cytokine exposure failed to induce any change in protein levels or processing. Primary keratinocytes produced IL-18R and AcPL constitutively at the mRNA level, in addition to low levels of IL-18BP, which was transcriptionally inducible following treatment with IFN-γ. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that IL-18 is constitutively synthesized by human keratinocytes and is released in an unprocessed form in vitro. Release of IL-18 by human keratinocytes may permit them to regulate IFN-γ production during cutaneous inflammatory responses and suggests that IL-18 may represent an attractive target for immunomodulatory intervention in Th1-mediated inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis.
Prevalence and Repair of Intraoperatively Diagnosed Patent Foramen Ovale and Association With Perioperative Outcomes and Long-term Survival
Authors: Richard A. Krasuski, Stephen A. Hart, Drew Allen, Athar Qureshi, Gosta Pettersson, Penny L. Houghtaling, Lillian H. Batizy, Eugene Blackstone
Journal: JAMA (2009)

A recent survey suggested that cardiothoracic surgeons may alter planned procedures to repair incidentally discovered patent foramen ovale (PFO). How frequently this occurs and the impact on outcomes remain unknown.To measure the frequency of incidentally discovered PFO closure during cardiothoracic surgery and determine its perioperative and long-term impact.We reviewed the intraoperative transesophageal echocardiograms of 13,092 patients without prior diagnosis of PFO or atrial septal defect undergoing surgery at the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, from 1995 through 2006. Postoperative outcomes were prospectively collected until discharge.All-cause hospital mortality and stroke were predetermined primary outcomes; length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit stay, and time on cardiopulmonary bypass were secondary outcomes.Intraoperative PFO was diagnosed in 2277 patients in the study population (17%), and risk factors for stroke were similar in patients with and without PFO. After propensity matching was performed with the comparator groups, patients with PFO demonstrated similar rates of in-hospital death (3.4% vs 2.6%, P = .11) and postoperative stroke (2.3% vs 2.3%, P = .84). Surgical closure was performed in 639 PFO patients (28%), and surgeons were more likely to close defects in patients who were younger (mean [SD] age, 61.1 [14] vs 64.4 [13] years; P < .001), were undergoing mitral or tricuspid valve surgery (51% vs 32%, P < .001), or had history of transient ischemic attack or stroke (16% vs 10%, P < .001). Patients with repaired PFO demonstrated a 2.47-times greater odds (95% confidence interval, 1.02-6.00) of having a postoperative stroke compared with those with unrepaired PFO (2.8% vs 1.2%, P = .04). Long-term analysis demonstrated that PFO repair was associated with no survival difference (P = .12).Incidental PFO is common in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery but is not associated with increased perioperative morbidity or mortality. Surgical closure appears unrelated to long-term survival and may increase postoperative stroke risk.
Impact of heart failure and changes to volume status on liver stiffness: non‐invasive assessment using transient elastography
Authors: Ingrid Hopper, William Kemp, Pornwalee Porapakkham, Yusuke Sata, Eilis Condon, Marina Skiba, Lauren Farber, Pramote Porapakkham, Trevor J. Williams, Solomon Menahem, Stuart Roberts, Henry Krum
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Diagnosis and treatment monitoring of toenail onychomycosis by reflectance confocal microscopy: Prospective cohort study in 58 patients
Authors: Momen Pharaon, Martine Gari-Toussaint, Abdallah Khemis, Kevin Zorzi, Laurent Petit, Philippe Martel, Robert Baran, Jean Paul Ortonne, Thierry Passeron, Jean Philippe Lacour, Philippe Bahadoran
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage Associated with Schizophrenic Reaction
Authors: K. Singh
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Chronic Subdural Haemorrhage Associated with Schizophrenic ReactionSubdural haematoma has been described as "an entity which despite its comparative frequency still remains, on occasion, a neglected or unsuspected lesion for the general practitioner, and one that is difficult of diagnosis for the neurologist or neurosurgical specialist" (Oldberg, 1945).An early diagnosis makes all the difference in prognosis, as timely surgical intervention yields favourable results.The following case was, unfortunately, diagnosed only at necropsy.
Hunger Disease: Studies by the Jewish Physicians in the Warsaw Ghetto
Authors: Derrick B. Jelliffe
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This book is a unique blend of heroism and scientific research. It parallels various accounts by medical workers interned in World War II prisoner of war camps, especially in the Far East. It differs profoundly in the remorseless inevitability of the conditions in the Warsaw Ghetto of 1940, which had one purpose in mind—mass extermination by mass starvation, with a diet of 800 calories, grossly deficient in fat, vitamins, and protein.  Under the leadership of Dr Israel Milejowski, this group of Jewish physicians, nurses, and assistants, with the help of those smuggling in limited equipment, undertook remarkably detailed clinical metabolic, physiological, and autopsy studies of hunger disease on their fellow sufferers, combined with attempts at the best treatment practicable.  The account of their findings is of great importance, and the publishers and editor deserve congratulations on translating it from the Polish. What are detailed are the changes occurring in a
Radiation-induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: B. A. Stoll, J. T. Andrews
Journal: BMJ (1966)

It has been thought that adult nervous tissues show a remark- able degree of resistance to injury by x rays.Clemedson and Nelson (1960), after a comprehensive review of the literature, state: " Nervous tissues, especially of adult animals, show a remarkable radio-resistance."In the past few years, however, experimental work on animals (Lander, 1959; Innes and Carsten, 1961) suggests that delayed degeneration of spinal nerves can follow doses of x rays which are near the clinical range.Clinically, also, peripheral nerves have in the past been regarded as relatively radio-resistant.Damage to nerves from the high dose in the vicinity of radium needles was, of course, a well-recognized complication of the Keynes technique for radium implantation of the axillary contents.However, with the use of kilo- voltage x-ray therapy in the past, the skin tolerance was the limiting factor in dosage, and damage to peripheral nerves was rarely seen.More recently, however, with the development of megavoltage x-ray machines, peak dosage is below the skin and the risk of nerve damage is therefore increased.This report presents evidence of peripheral-nerve damage in a group of patients treated by megavoltage x-ray therapy after operation for carcinoma of the breast.
THE ETIOLOGY OF TOOTH AND NAIL CORRUGATIONS.
Authors: G. LENOX CURTIS
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Very early in my professional career, the peculiar markings I frequently noticed on the teeth of some of my patients excited my curiosity and I determined to ascertain, if possible, their cause and significance. These markings, in some cases, were in the form of opaque spots and in others they were latitudinal corrugations somewhat resembling the wrinkles on a cow's horns. These signs were not always present in the teeth of all of the members of the same family. In my researches, I often noticed similar markings on the nails; the lines being both latitudinal and longitudinal. I could not, however, always find these markings in both the teeth and the nails of the same individual at the same time. I could find but little in medical books or periodicals relating in any way to the subject of tooth markings. References to and descriptions of the pits in the enamel
Action of Ryanodine on Mammalian Cardiac Muscle
Authors: DALMO DES. AMORIM, HIRAM W. MARSHALL, DAVID E. DONALD, EARL H. WOOD
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

Systemic and pulmonary blood flows and pressures were determined in anesthetized closed-chest dogs with chronic atrial septal defects and in dogs with intact cardiac septa. In the former animals, graded obstruction of the main pulmonary artery associated with right ventricular systolic pressures of more than 80 mm. Hg was produced without evidence of failure of the right side of the heart. A considerable decrease in the magnitude of the left-to-right shunts and an increase in the size of the right-to-left shunts occurred; these changes were associated with only minor changes in filling pressure of the right ventricle, and systematic changes in systemic arterial pressure did not appear. Analysis of right atrial pressure pulses suggested the development of an increased force of contraction of the right atrium and no evidence of tricuspid regurgitation under these circumstances. In contrast, partial obstruction of the main pulmonary artery in the dogs with intact cardiac septa, so as to increase the right ventricular systolic pressure to more than 60 mm. ITg, was associated with pronounced increases in mean right atrial pressure and striking decreases in cardiac output and systemic arterial pressure. The pressure recordings from the right atrium and indicator-dilution curves demonstrated the development of significant tricuspid regurgitation. The deterioration of right ventricular function in dogs with intact cardiac septa appears to be related to overdistention of the right ventricle and possibly also to a disproportionate reduction in coronary blood flow to the myocardium caused by a decrease in systemic arterial pressure and the concomitant increase in resistance to coronary venous drainage from the right side of the heart due to the increased right atrial and right ventricular pressures. It is concluded that under the conditions of these studies, an atrial septal defect provides a considerable increase in resistance to the heinodynamic effects associated with right ventricular hypertension caused by acute partial obstruction of the main pulmonary artery. The possible duration of this beneficial effect beyond the 33 to 160 minutes of observation in these studies has not been explored.
Abstract 4010: Adaptor protein Lnk binds to JAK3 and negatively regulates a mutant activating allele associated with megakaryocytic leukemia
Authors: Maya Koren-Michowitz, Sigal Gery, Daniel Nowak, H. Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The adaptor protein Lnk is known to associate with hematopoietic cytokine receptors such as cKIT, MPL and PDGFR, as well as, non-receptor tyrosine kinases such as JAK2, and is considered to have an inhibitory effect on these signaling pathways. JAK3 is expressed mainly in the hematopoietic system and its absence is associated with autosomal recessive severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Recently, activating mutations of JAK3 were described in transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) and acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) in Down syndrome (DS) patients as well as adult non-DS AMKL. JAK3 mutations were also rarely described in solid tumors and B-ALL. The 50% homology between JAK3 and JAK2 has led us to study the association between Lnk and JAK3. 293T cells were co-transfected with cDNAs encoding either wild-type (WT) JAK3 or JAK3 harboring an activating A572V mutation (JAK3 A572V), as well as the WT V5-tagged Lnk. Whole cell lysates were used for immunoprecipitation with either V5-tag or JAK3 antibodies. Binding of Lnk and JAK3 was detected by Western blot probed with JAK3 or V5-tag antibodies. To determine which domain of Lnk is responsible for the binding, we constructed a series of V5-tagged Lnk mutants including a mutation in the SH2 domain (R392E), deletion of the SH2 domain (del SH2) and deletion of the PH and SH2 (del SH2/PH) domains. Our results show that WT Lnk binds to WT JAK3, as well as JAK3 A572V. The R392E and del SH2 Lnk mutants retained JAK3 binding capacity while deletion of both SH2 and PH domains of Lnk abolished JAK3 binding. In order to study the biological effect of Lnk binding to JAK3, we infected CMK cells, a megakaryocytic leukemia cell line harboring JAK3 A572V, with a bicistronic retroviral MSCV-IRES-GFP (MIG) WT Lnk vector. Effect on growth was assessed in GFP positive sorted cells by cell count and colony formation in methylcellulose. CMK cells infected with MIG WT Lnk grew slower in liquid culture and had decreased clonogenic growth in soft agar culture compared to cells infected with MIG vector alone. In summary, we show for the first time that Lnk can bind to WT and mutant JAK3 and slow the growth of leukemic cells harboring an activating JAK3 mutation. Developing a small molecule mimetic of Lnk may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies associated with a variety of activated tyrosine kinase receptors and non-receptor tyrosine kinases including JAK3, as well as secondary signaling proteins. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4010.
Honda Sign and Variants in Patients Suspected of Having a Sacral Insufficiency Fracture
Authors: Manabu Fujii, Katsumi Abe, Katsumi Hayashi, Shigeru Kosuda, Fuzuki Yano, Sadahiro Watanabe, Shinako Katagiri, Wei Jey Ka, Shinichi Tominaga
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reassess whether the Honda sign (HS) and its variants on bone scans can be used to differentiate an insufficiency fracture (IF) of the sacrum from a metastasis and to evaluate extrapelvic tracer accumulation in patients suspected of having a sacral IF. Methods and Materials: We retrospectively reviewed 34 bone scans of 26 patients suspected of having a sacral IF between January 1998 and June 2003. Results: Twenty-four of the patients had a sacral IF and 1 had a sacral metastasis from prostate cancer and another from lung cancer. The bone scans of only 15 (63%) of the 24 patients with a sacral IF exhibited the HS, 8 (33%) scans exhibited variants, and 4 (4%) scans showed whole-sacrum uptake. One of the 2 patients with metastasis exhibited the HS and the other exhibited a variant. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of HS plus its variants as diagnostic criteria for sacral IF were 96% and 92%, respectively. Seventeen patients (71%) had extrasacral accumulation. The most common site was the pubic bone (50%, 12 of 24), and the second most common site was the spine (46%, 11 of 24), where the accumulation was the result of a compression fracture or degenerative joint disease of the spine. Conclusions: A "Honda sign or variation" with evidence of fractures elsewhere or no evidence of other metastatic disease should be strong evidence for a sacral insufficiency fracture. The likelihood of having a solitary metastasis to the sacrum is small.
Psychologist wins damages over theft of research
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A psychologist has won $1.67m (£1m) in damages from the University of Michigan after another researcher at the university falsely claimed her research as her own. The civil suit, which began in 1990, is believed to be the largest ever won by a scientist against a university in a professional misconduct case.

In 1986 Dr Carolyn Phinney, a psychologist specialising in personality and cognitive psychology, was invited to consult part time at …
Behavior of the hobo Transposable Element with Regard to TPE Repeats in Transgenic Lines of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: S. Souames
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2003)

The hobo transposable element of Drosophila melanogaster is known to induce a hybrid dysgenesis syndrome. Moreover it displays a polymorphism of a microsatellite in its coding region: TPE repeats. In European populations, surveys of the distribution of hobo elements with regard to TPE repeats revealed that the 5TPE element is distributed along a frequency gradient, and it is even more frequent than the 3TPE element in Western populations. This suggests that the invasive ability of the hobo elements could be related to the number of TPE repeats they contain. To test this hypothesis we monitored the evolution of 16 lines derived from five initial independent transgenic lines bearing the 3TPE element and/or the 5TPE element. Four lines bearing 5TPE elements and four bearing 3TPE elements were used as a noncompetitive genetic background to compare the evolution of the 5TPE element to that of the 3TPE element. Eight lines bearing both elements provided a competitive genetic context to study potential interactions between these two elements. We studied genetic and molecular aspects of the first 20 generations. At the molecular level, we showed that the 5TPE element is able to spread within the genome at least as efficiently as the 3TPE element. Surprisingly, at the genetic level we found that the 5TPE element is less active than the 3TPE element, and moreover may be able to regulate the activity of the 3TPE element. Our findings suggest that the invasive potential of the 5TPE element could be due not only to its intrinsic transposition capacity but also to a regulatory potential.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals Regarding the Clinical Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Forthcoming (Seventh) Edition of the Tumor, Node, Metastasis Classification for Lung Cancer
Authors: Frances A. Shepherd, John Crowley, Paul Van Houtte, Pieter E. Postmus, Desmond Carney, Kari Chansky, Zeba Shaikh, Peter Goldstraw
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Ankle/Arm Blood Pressure Index-Reply
Authors: Molly T. Vogt
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We were pleased to hear that Dr Lerman is measuring ankle/arm blood pressure in his office. We used a Doppler because it is standard in vascular laboratories. The oscillometric technique may not be sensitive enough to detect pressure in diseased vessels.<sup>1</sup>This could easily be tested by comparing techniques. Portable Doppler equipment to measure arterial disease in the legs is available, but we found that rapid sequential measurements with a hand-held Doppler and standard cuffs to be the least expensive technique. The key to measurement is a slow release of pressure and a steady hand. Dr Lief points out an important cause of a low AAI. Coarctation would be exceedingly rare in the populations we studied. In many hypertensive older adults, the low AAI is often the only easily observed evidence of diffuse vascular disease. Thus, atherosclerosis is still the most likely diagnosis. Limited data on those
1367 RELAPSE AFTER ANALOGUES TREATMENT DISCONTINUATION IS NOT PREVENTED BY DNA VACCINATION IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (ANRS HB 02 VAC-ADN)
Authors: H. Fontaine, C. Chazallon, M. Mancini-Bourgine, P. Lebray, C. Buffet, S. Kahi, O. Godon, J.-F. Meritet, Y. Saldi, M.-L. Michel, D. Scott-Algara, J.-P. Aboulker, S. Pol
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Clinical Factors Associated With Liver Stiffness in Hepatitis B e Antigen–Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Grace Lai–Hung Wong, Vincent Wai–Sun Wong, Paul Cheung–Lung Choi, Anthony Wing–Hung Chan, Angel Mei–Ling Chim, Karen Ka–Lam Yiu, Hoi–Yun Chan, Francis Ka–Leung Chan, Joseph Jao–Yao Sung, Henry Lik–Yuen Chan
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) improves patient–ventilator interaction during non-invasive ventilation delivered by face mask
Authors: Lise Piquilloud, Didier Tassaux, Emilie Bialais, Bernard Lambermont, Thierry Sottiaux, Jean Roeseler, Pierre-François Laterre, Philippe Jolliet, Jean-Pierre Revelly
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2012)
Selective Renal Arteriography in the Diagnosis of Renal Hypertension
Authors: THOMAS F. MEANEY, HARRIET P. DUSTAN
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Renal arteriography following percutaneous femoral arterial catheterization (Seldinger technic) was performed in 100 selected hypertensive patients. Eighty-four per cent of the renal arteries encountered were individually catheterized. This procedure permitted a more detailed study of arterial branches than previously possible with aortic injection of contrast material. No serious complications occurred. Fifty-two patients were found to have disease of renal arteries or their branches. Eleven or 21 per cent of these patients, had lesions of main arterial trunks. Thirty (58 per cent) had disease of primary branches either alone or in combination with main renal arterial lesions. Aneurysms of primary arterial branches were found in five patients, and avascular segments of renal parenchyma in four. The frequency of primary branch arterial disease was greater in this group of patients than in others previously reported. This difference may be due to improved visualization of the renal arterial system obtained with selective arteriography.