tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal leukemia-stroma VCAM-1/VLA-4-dependent activation of NF-κB mediates chemoresistance
Authors: Rodrigo Jacamo, Ye Chen, Zhiqiang Wang, Wencai Ma, Min Zhang, Erika L. Spaeth, Ying Wang, Venkata L. Battula, Po Yee Mak, Katharina Schallmoser, Peter Ruvolo, Wendy D. Schober, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Martin H. Nguyen, Dirk Strunk, Carlos E. Bueso-Ramos, Sergej Konoplev, R. Eric Davis, Marina Konopleva, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2014)
Prevalence of seasonal difficulties in mood and behavior among Japanese civil servants
Authors: N Ozaki, Y Ono, A Ito, N E Rosenthal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Most prevalence studies of seasonal changes in mood and behavior have come from Western countries. The authors' goal was to determine the prevalence of seasonal changes in mood and behavior in a randomly selected group of Japanese workers.They administered a Japanese translation of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire to 1,276 civil servants in Nagoya, Japan.The estimated prevalence of winter seasonal affective disorder was 0.86%, the estimated prevalence of winter subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder was 0.86%, the estimated prevalence of summer seasonal affective disorder was 0.94%, and the estimated prevalence of summer subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder was 2.12%.The authors conclude that seasonal changes in mood and behavior occur in Japan, but at a lower frequency and with a different profile than in the United States or Europe.
Medical Mystery: Painless Ulcers — The Answer
Authors: Stephen Morris-Jones, Martin Weber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The medical mystery in the April 1 issue 1 involved a 23-year-old Peace Corps volunteer in Gambia.Painless ulcers developed on his lower legs (Fig. 1A) and did not respond to local or systemic antimicrobial therapy.A slit-skin smear from the margin of the ulcer showed leishmania amastigotes (Fig. 1B).Given the patient's geographic exposure, these parasites were Leishmania major.The main animal reservoirs for the protozoan in this geographic area are burrowing rodents, and the vector is the phlebotomus sandfly (Fig. 1C).The lesions remain localized and usually heal spontaneously within one year, with scarring, although pentavalent antimonial compounds may accelerate recovery.The differential diagnosis includes tropical ulcer, usually painful and rapidly responsive to b-lactam therapy, and Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans.Buruli ulcers initially spread subcutaneously and therefore characteristically have undermined borders.
How to read a paper: Papers that go beyond numbers (qualitative research)
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh, Rod Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Education and debateShould we screen for gestational diabetes?R J Jarrett wrote to us arguing that gestational diabetes was a muddled concept that provided uncertain benefits for mother and infant.We invited Richard Beard and colleagues to put the other side of the argument and make the case for screening all pregnant women for gestational diabetes
Ready, steady, go: making doctors compete
Authors: J. Havard
Journal: BMJ (1988)

patients in these two studies are nearly all aged 16 to 29.One explanation of the high schizophrenia rates might be a cohort phenomenon (similar to that suggested for the migrant generation (G R Glover, unpublished observations)), in which the children of a particular age group of immigrants are especially vulnerable.Alternatively, susceptible Afro-Caribbeans might develop schizophrenia when younger.The truth will become clear in another 10 years.Longitudinal studies may show a prognosis that is more benign for whites than blacks or relatively few new cases of schizophrenia developing in an older population.It would thus be pre- mature to speculate on lifetime morbidity risks, but the high schizophrenia rates among British born Afro-Caribbeanswhether attributable to misdiagnosis, racism, or other factors -must remain a matter of great concern.
A gammaherpesvirus-secreted activator of Vβ4+ CD8+ T cells regulates chronic infection and immunopathology
Authors: Andrew G. Evans, Janice M. Moser, Laurie T. Krug, Veranika Pozharskaya, Ana L. Mora, Samuel H. Speck
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Little is known about herpesvirus modulation of T cell activation in latently infected individuals or the implications of such for chronic immune disorders. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) elicits persistent activation of CD8(+) T cells bearing a Vbeta4(+) T cell receptor (TCR) by a completely unknown mechanism. We show that a novel MHV68 protein encoded by the M1 gene is responsible for Vbeta4(+) CD8(+) T cell stimulation in a manner reminiscent of a viral superantigen. During infection, M1 expression induces a Vbeta4(+) effector T cell response that resists functional exhaustion and appears to suppress virus reactivation from peritoneal cells by means of long-term interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) production. Mice lacking an IFNgamma receptor (IFNgammaR(-/-)) fail to control MHV68 replication, and Vbeta4(+) and CD8(+) T cell activation by M1 instead contributes to severe inflammation and multiorgan fibrotic disease. Thus, M1 manipulates the host CD8(+) T cell response in a manner that facilitates latent infection in an immunocompetent setting, but promotes disease during a dysregulated immune response. Identification of a viral pathogenecity determinant with superantigen-like activity for CD8(+) T cells broadens the known repertoire of viral immunomodulatory molecules, and its function illustrates the delicate balance achieved between persistent viruses and the host immune response.
New images needed: stereotypes in medical photographs
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2010)

If you search “medicine” on Google Images, you get a hundred million photographs. The most common image is a stethoscope. The next is a bottle of pills (or, sometimes, red and black capsules). The next is a surgeon, masked and gowned, slicing skin with a scalpel. Try “patient” and you will find lots of people in stripy pyjamas, lying obediently in bed, often with a spotty rash or a leg strung up in an orthopaedic hoist. Access a professional image …
Transfer of Experimental Asthma by CD4 T-Cells from Mice with Food-Induced Intestinal Immediate Type Hypersensitivity
Authors: C. Ozdemir, S. Sel, I. Schöll, A.O. Yildirim, N. Blümer, H. Fehrenbach, I.B. Barlan, H. Renz, S. Sel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
On <i>The brain and emotion</i>
Authors: Edmund T. Rolls
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

There are many advantages to defining emotions as states elicited by reinforcers, with the states having a set of different functions. This approach leads towards an understanding of the nature of emotion, of its evolutionary adaptive value, and of many principles of brain design. It also leads towards a foundation for many of the processes that underlie evolutionary psychology and behavioral ecology. It is shown that recent as well as previous evidence implicates the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex in positive as well as negative emotions. The issue of why emotional states feel like something is part of the much larger problem of phenomenal consciousness. It is argued that thinking about one's own thoughts would have adaptive value by enabling first order linguistic thoughts to be corrected. It is suggested that reflecting on and correcting one's own thoughts and plans would feel like something, and that phenomenal consciousness may occur when this type of monitoring process is taking place.
Functional Role of c-Src in Gap Junctions of the Cardiomyopathic Heart
Authors: Toshihiko Toyofuku, Masanori Yabuki, Kinya Otsu, Tsunehiko Kuzuya, Michihiko Tada, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Circulation Research (1999)

Abstract —Given the essential role played by gap junctions in the coordination of cardiac muscle contraction, it is plausible that down-regulation of gap junctional conduction is in part responsible for the contractile dysfunction observed in hypertrophied and failing hearts. In the present study, we analyzed the expression and function of the gap junction protein, connexin43, in the ventricular myocardium of hereditary cardiomyopathic, Syrian BIO 14.6 hamsters. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analyses revealed that levels of tyrosine phosphorylated connexin43 were increased in BIO 14.6 hamsters at the late stage of congestive heart failure. Furthermore, the increased tyrosine phosphorylation was correlated with increased c-Src activity. The functional consequences of tyrosine phosphorylation of connexin43 in gap junction were assessed using transfected cells expressing constitutively active c-Src. It was found that constitutively active c-Src diminished propagation of Ca 2+ waves in HEK293 cells and reduced gap junctional conductance between pairs of cardiac myocytes. We, therefore, conclude that during the progression of cardiac dysfunction in the cardiomyopathic heart, gap junctional communication is reduced via c-Src–mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of connexin43.
Offering Testicular Tissue Cryopreservation to Boys: The Increasing Importance of Biological Fatherhood
Authors: Lisa Campo-Engelstein
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

"Offering Testicular Tissue Cryopreservation to Boys: The Increasing Importance of Biological Fatherhood." The American Journal of Bioethics, 13(3), pp. 39–40
LATE INCOMPLETE STENT APPOSITION IS COMMON AFTER CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION WITH SECOND-GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENTS: OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY INSIGHTS FROM THE ANGIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENT IN CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS STUDY
Authors: Daniel Sherbet, Anna Kotsia, Tesfaldet Michael, Michele Roesle, Georgios Christopoulos, Bavana Rangan, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The spectrum of histopathological features in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: a study of 102 cases
Authors: S. Halevy, S.H. Kardaun, B. Davidovici, J. Wechsler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article The spectrum of histopathological features in acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: a study of 102 cases Get access S. Halevy, S. Halevy Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev, Beer‐Sheva, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.H. Kardaun, S.H. Kardaun Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands Correspondence: Sylvia H. Kardaun. E‐mail: s.h.kardaun@derm.umcg.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Davidovici, B. Davidovici Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev, Beer‐Sheva, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Wechsler, J. Wechsler Department of Pathology, Henri‐Mondor Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Paris XII University, Créteil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar for the EuroSCAR and RegiSCAR study group for the EuroSCAR and RegiSCAR study group Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 163, Issue 6, 1 December 2010, Pages 1245–1252, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09967.x Published: 01 December 2010
Personal feelings and medical journals
Authors: Richard Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Abuse from a partner may contribute to depressionPhysical, emotional, and sexual abuse are associated with depression in women.Hegarty and colleagues (p 621) interviewed 1257 women from Australia who were attending 30 general practice surgeries in Victoria.They found that 18% were currently depressed, and 24% had experienced some type of abuse in an adult intimate relationship.Depressed women were more likely to have experienced some form of abuse as a child, and to have experienced partner abuse, than women who were not depressed.Doctors should consider the role of past or current violence and abuse in their depressed women patients, the authors say.
How long will chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with imatinib mesylate live?
Authors: J Hasford, M Pfirrmann, A Hochhaus
Journal: Leukemia (2005)

How long will chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients treated with imatinib mesylate live?The stepwise approval of imatinib mesylate for the treatment of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome-positive CML since 2001 occured mainly due to the remarkably high proportion of patients who achieved a partial or complete cytogenetic response.Whereas patients treated with interferon alfa (IFN) showed a major cytogenetic remission (MCR) rate between 7 and 37%, 1 the randomized IRIS trial 2 demonstrated a remission rate of 85% for patients treated with imatinib within 18 months.As MCR is a surrogate measure only, patients, physicians and sickness funds alike want to know how long patients treated with imatinib will live compared to those treated with IFN, the pharmacotherapy with longest and best follow-up data.There is clear evidence that MCR is a valid surrogate measure for the survival of low-and intermediate-risk patients treated with IFN. 3,4Assuming this for imatinib-treated patients too, it is possible to estimate their expected survival probabilities by combining the survival increment as observed in IFN-treated patients with MCR and the substantially higher rate of MCR achieved with imatinib.From the Collaborative Prognostic Factors Project, 5 our database comprised 658 IFN-treated patients with complete data on cytogenetic response and an observation of survival 421 months.A minimum of 20 metaphases had to be evaluated.Details on patient characteristics and the New CML score have been reported elsewhere. 5With regard to imatinib information on MCR as published by the IRIS trial was used. 2 The percentage of MCR recorded up to 21 months was 26% with IFN.Survival probabilities in patients with and without MCR are shown in Table 1.The survival probabilities observed for a specific combination from New CML score (low, intermediate, high) and MCR (yes, no) in IFN-treated patients were assumed to be the same for patients treated with imatinib.The proportion of MCR among imatinib-treated patients was 85% at 18 months. 2The same percentage was assumed at 21 months.According to the 85% MCR rate, for estimating the survival probabilities of imatinib-treated patients, three samples were
Angioplasty has been shown to have benefits over thrombolytic treatment
Authors: D. R Ramsdale, J. L Morris
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors should work towards elimination of all firearms and knivesEditor-With the publication of the Cullen report into the shooting of several children at a school in Scotland 1 and the cross party support in parliament to increase the controls on handguns, the moment is ripe for the medical profession to pursue a new health campaign.Over the past three or four decades the profession has had some success in raising public awareness of the risks of cigarette smoking and through that, probably, in saving lives.The reduction of the suicide rate is an objective of the Health of the Nation for England, yet suicide rates are still rising among young men. 2 Homicide is a major political issue.Weapons, especially firearms and knives, contribute to both these forms of premature death.Elimination of all firearms and knives that are surplus to domestic and industrial requirements would not solve either problem entirely, but it would make an important contribution.We believe that the profession, through the BMA and one or two royal colleges (particularly the Royal College of Psychiatrists), could develop policies about weapons control.The prime minister has already indicated that he would introduce controls on knives if a workable definition for the surplus ones was drawn up.
Salicylic Acid in Aspirin Mixture B.N.F
Authors: M. D. Day, J. F. Harper, C. J. Olliff
Journal: BMJ (1966)

in the report of the " Teach-in on the Hospital Service" (5 March, p. 606) relative to the functions of the Royal Colleges.I can assure him, from a detailed and inti- mate knowledge of the work of one of them and from more than a nodding acquaintance with the others, that his remarks-" What do the corporations do in return for the money they take in examination fees ?" or " Why could not the universities rather than the colleges offer postgraduate qualifications ?" or, again, "The B.M.A. should be able to negotiate alone on pay without pressure of splinter groups and the consultant colleges " -show at the best a woeful lack of such basic knowledge as one might have expected from a leading participant in a teach-in or, at the worst, an almost libellous slur on *those institutions which guard the standards of medical work in the country-the very standards on which he, as a layman, may have or has had to depend.The Royal Colleges are responsible (through their examinations) for the overall competence and/or excellence (according to the diploma granted) of their diplomates.They are national bodies incorporating in a modern and up-to-date environment all the history and tradition of British medicine.In
Brain Damage in Children: The Biological and Social Aspects
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The diagnosis of "brain damage" has become increasingly popular for a large group of children who show such symptoms as hyperactivity, irritability, short attention span, and learning difficulties. Sometimes the diagnosis receives support from abnormal neurological or electroencephalographic findings, but there is little agreement concerning just what the term actually means. Often parents and teachers are relieved of guilt feelings when assured that these behavior and learning difficulties have an organic basis, and are not due to unsatisfactory upbringing or teaching. Consequently, there is often subtle pressure on the physician to make this diagnosis. In view of this widespread interest and, at the same time, the attendant confusion, the Association for the Aid of Crippled Children sponsored a conference on the biological and social aspects of brain damage. This book publishes seven of the original papers at this conference. The contributions, we are told, represent the fields of pediatrics, psychiatry,
The national debt
Authors: I. Robertson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

One night every month I sit blankly for hours in front of a cruelly empty computer screen before trudging wearily upstairs to the camphor blanket chest where I keep the whisky. It usually takes at least two such trips and the bleak and lonely chime of the one o'clock bell before I have the month's Soundings piece in hand.

It's strange how malt whisky potentiates the impulse to pontificate about the State of the Nation—particularly with a glass of that prince of malts, a 17 year old Port Ellen, in hand and particularly when you have been watching some of the …
DISC1 and SLC12A2 interaction affects human hippocampal function and connectivity
Authors: Joseph H. Callicott, Emer L. Feighery, Venkata S. Mattay, Michael G. White, Qiang Chen, David A.A. Baranger, Karen F. Berman, Bai Lu, Hongjun Song, Guo-li Ming, Daniel R. Weinberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Hippocampal development is coordinated by both extracellular factors like GABA neurotransmission and intracellular components like DISC1. We previously reported that SLC12A2-dependent GABA depolarization and DISC1 coregulate hippocampal neuronal development, and 2 SNPs in these genes linked to mRNA expression interactively increase schizophrenia risk. Using functional MRI, we now confirm this biological interaction in vivo by showing in 2 independent samples of healthy individuals (total N = 349) that subjects homozygous for both risk alleles evince dramatically decreased hippocampal area activation (Cohen's d = 0.78) and connectivity (d = 0.57) during a recognition memory task. These data highlight the importance of epistatic models in understanding genetic association with complex brain phenotypes.
A Personal Perspective on the Initial Federal Health-Based Regulation to Remove Lead from Gasoline
Authors: Kenneth Bridbord, David Hanson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

This article describes the personal experience and perspective of the authors, who had primary responsibility for drafting the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline during the early 1970s while employed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).Information used by the U.S. EPA in developing the initial health-based regulation limiting lead content of gasoline in December 1973 and studies documenting the impact of that and subsequent actions.Among the lessons learned from this experience is the importance of having input from independent scientists to the regulatory decision-making process. This also demonstrates the critical role of independent peer-reviewed research, such as that supported by the National Institutes of Health, as well as research conducted by scientists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in delineating the consequences of lead exposure in the population.Removal of lead from gasoline in the United States has been described as one of the great public health achievements of the 20th century, but it almost did not happen. The experience of the authors in developing this regulation may be helpful to others involved in developing health-based regulatory policy in the future.The initial U.S. EPA health-based regulation to remove lead from gasoline is clearly an example where science successfully affected public policy. The leadership of the U.S. EPA at that time deserves much credit for establishing an atmosphere in which this was possible.