tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Book: A Study of Story Telling, Humour and Learning in Medicine: H M Queen Mother Fellowship, Eighth Lecture
Authors: T. Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Kenneth Calman Stationery Office, £17.50, pp 175 ISBN 0 11 702516 X Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> In an apocryphal cartoon, a general practitioner opens his door to call for the next patient and reveals the slogan on his T shirt: “Campaign for real ailments.” You smiled, perhaps, out of empathy with the doctor in the picture and also at the incongruity of a doctor boldly displaying such a sentiment when seeing patients. The joke throws into focus the difficult task of maintaining one's professional demeanour during trivial or challenging consultations. We've all been there, ha ha. Having dissected this story, … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Suspension verdict for doctor treating torture victims is unfair
Authors: A. Moulson, A. Bailey, H. Bashir, J. S. Cornell, D. Lewis, J. Nelki, J. Newmark, N. Speight, S. Velupillai
Journal: BMJ (2013)

As doctors who regularly work with survivors of torture we are well aware of the devastating short term and long term effects that torture has on those subjected to it. We also recognise the obligations on doctors stated in the …
The Physiology of the Cerebral Circulation
Authors: James Francis Toole
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Purves has put between covers an extensive consideration of the physiology of the cerebral circulation. He initiates it with a brief consideration of cerebral vascular anatomy, with special emphasis on the microcirculation followed by a detailed review of literature on the innervation of the cerebral vessels. He then addresses himself to the topic at hand and gives a detailed analysis of the systemic and local factors which affect cerebral blood flow. There is an extensive discussion of autoregulation and of experimental approaches to the study of the cerebral circulation. He summarizes the data relating to regulation of cerebral flow by changes in blood gases, pH, reflex responses, and cerebral metabolism and concludes with a consideration of pharmacologic agents which affect cerebral vasomotor tone. The most important part of this book may be its 1,200 or so references which may turn this monograph into a source book, because it far surpasses
A STUDY OF THE PHOTOSENSITIVITY FACTOR IN CUTANEOUS LYMPHOCYTOMA
Authors: W. Frain-Bell, I. A. Magnus
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article A STUDY OF THE PHOTOSENSITIVITY FACTOR IN CUTANEOUS LYMPHOCYTOMA Get access W. Frain‐Bell, W. Frain‐Bell Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London, and Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Dudhope Terrace, Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. A. Magnus I. A. Magnus Department of Photobiology, Institute of Dermatology, Homerton Grove, London, and Department of Dermatology, University of Dundee, Dudhope Terrace, Dundee Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 1, 1 January 1971, Pages 25–31, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb14192.x Published: 01 January 1971
A Defense of Music.
Authors: L. Harrison Mettler
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Chicago, Aug. 25, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof July 23 appears an editorial upon the "Hygiene of Music," which, while judiciously advising against the abuse of the art, contains some statements that I would like to reply to. From the general tone of the article I would almost infer that the writer is one of those unfortunate, over scientifically trained individuals who, in their zeal for "utilitarianism" have lost their artistic sense. Darwin, to whom he refers as attributing the love of music to the sexual sense, clearly stated in his own writings, that though he possessed a lively artistic temperament in his youth, his constant application to science had so warped his mental faculties that in later life it was torture for him to read a great novel, and it was simply impossible for him to enjoy a line of Shakespeare. I know an individual whose
Acid hydrolases in blister fluid.
Authors: GUNNAR VOLDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Increased acid hydrolase activity has been demonstrated in suction blister fluid 1.5 h after the application of established lysosomal labilizing agents. Both the pattern of enzyme activity and the magnitude of the increases were similar to those following cutaneous inflammation. These data confirm our previous observations that acid hydrolases do indeed play a role in cutaneous inflammation, but their release is not the initial event in this process.
Pneumococcal Vaccine — Direct and Indirect (“Herd”) Effects
Authors: Daniel M. Musher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A nationwide vaccination program may have direct or indirect health effects that may be anticipated or unanticipated; although these effects are, of course, intended to be beneficial, some potentially adverse ones may occur. The full range of such effects are well illustrated in the important study of the impact of widespread administration of the protein-conjugate pneumococcal vaccine PCV-7 (Prevnar, Wyeth) from the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, reported by Kyaw et al. in this issue of the Journal.1 The most obvious direct effect of widespread vaccination of infants with protein-conjugated capsular polysaccharides . . .
Modulation of the human cortico-anal brain gut axis with lumbosacral non-invasive magnetic stimulation
Authors: T. Algladi, S. Hamdy, P. Whorwell, M. L. Harris
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Functional gut and defecation disorders are common yet difficult to manage and brain-gut axis dysfunction has been implicated in both. A better mechanistic understanding is of importance in designing new treatments to improve function. One such method is non-invasive magnetic stimulation (MS) which can modulate the nervous system and may have a role in restoring brain-gut function. The aim of this study is to ascertain whether MS applied to the lumbosacrum can alter human brain gut function, using cortico-anal excitability as our model. <h3>Methods</h3> Healthy volunteers (n= 13, 7 female, age range 20–56 years) were studied. Anal sphincter EMG responses (Anal MEP) were recorded from an anal plug following single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation over the motor cortex (TMS) and lumbosacrum (LSMS), at baseline and then at 30 min following each intervention. These comprised 3 different repetitive magnetic neurostimulation regimens delivered to the lumbosacral region (rLSMS) in random order over separate days at frequencies of 1 Hz and 10 Hz, compared to a sham procedure. MEP data (mean±SEM) were analysed by 2-way ANOVA. <h3>Results</h3> Compared to baseline, 1 Hz rLSMS produced a significant (p&lt;0.05) change in lumbosacral motor excitability of the anal sphincter. Full data reported in table 1. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Short-term neurostimulation to the lumbosacral area appears to modulate the human corticoanal pathway, with evidence for effects occurring at the spinal root level, and with frequency specificity. Our data suggest that any potential therapeutic effects of LSMS in patients with functional GI and defecation disorders may be operating through spinally based mechanisms.
Docetaxel and prednisone with or without lenalidomide in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (MAINSAIL): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial
Authors: Daniel P Petrylak, Nicholas J Vogelzang, Nikolay Budnik, Pawel Jan Wiechno, Cora N Sternberg, Kevin Doner, Joaquim Bellmunt, John M Burke, Maria Ochoa de Olza, Ananya Choudhury, Juergen E Gschwend, Evgeny Kopyltsov, Aude Flechon, Nicolas Van As, Nadine Houede, Debora Barton, Abderrahim Fandi, Ulf Jungnelius, Shaoyi Li, Ronald de Wit, Karim Fizazi
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Might Makes the Metaphor
Authors: Thomas S. Szasz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

RECENTLY, I participated in one of those now-fashionable symposia, in which a group of well-known (at least among their colleagues) psychiatrists enact the drama of Babel: each in his own jargon (largely incomprehensible to others) sets forth, in utter seriousness, the character, cause, and cure of mental illness. The meeting was heavy on biology, with elegant graphs and tables projected onto expensive screens demonstrating, with irrefutable scientific evidence, the genetic basis of alcoholism and antisocial personality. My presence there was, I suppose, a symptom of the "schizophrenia" now affecting the psychiatric establishment itself. I refer to the fact that mental health professionals now display an equally intense interest in the view that mental illnesses are baffling brain diseases, and in the view that their names are malicious medical metaphors. I do not smoke and usually do not mind if others do. However, as I was coming down with the flu
Effect of Chronic Ethanol Administration on Enzyme and Lipid Properties of Liver Plasma Membranes in Long and Short Sleep Mice
Authors: Thomas Zysset, Mark A. Polokoff, Francis R. Simon
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Mechanisms of alcoholic liver disease are still ill defined. We evaluated in two outbred lines of mice whether chronic ingestion of ethanol alters the lipid composition and/or enzyme activity of liver plasma membranes. Two mouse lines with different sensitivities towards the hypnotic effect of ethanol, designated long sleep and short sleep, were fed a liquid diet containing ethanol for 30 days. Ethanol intake reached 30 gm per kg per day in both lines, and serum ethanol levels were similar. In addition, hepatic triglyceride levels were similarly increased 2–fold with ethanol feeding. The following effects of ethanol treatment were observed in liver plasma membrane fractions: (i) Na + , K + –ATPase was significantly increased to 26% above control in long sleep only; (ii) alkaline phosphatase activity was 2–fold increased in both lines; (iii) 5′–nucleotidase, leucine aminopeptidase and Mg 2+ –ATPase activities remained unchanged in both lines; (iv) unesterified cholesterol and total phospholipid contents were unaltered in both lines, and (v) cholesteryl esters were increased in both lines, but to a greater extent in short sleep (1.5 vs. 4–fold). Thus, chronic ethanol ingestion induces specific alterations in liver plasma membrane structure and function, suggesting that adaptive responses to ethanol may be determined in part by inherited factors.
Twenty Years of Cholera Research
Authors: Robert A. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In June 1947, I arrived in Cairo, Egypt, to take command of the US Navy Medical Research Unit No. Three (NAMRU-3), and in September cholera invaded Egypt. This was the first outbreak of cholera in over 20 years and the country was illprepared to cope with the problem. Cholera is an infectious disease caused by growth of<i>Vibrio cholerae</i>in the intestine of man. It is characterized by its epidemicity and a profound diarrhea with excretion of protein-free isotonic fluid. Stool volume often exceeds the patient's body weight in this self-limited disease which has a duration of 4 to 7 days. The mortality rate in untreated patients is more than 60%. It was decided to investigate the disease and we selected for our studies patients admitted to the Abbasia Fever Hospital who were in severe shock. More than 40 patients were studied and only three died.<sup>1</sup>At that time
Thrombocytopenia during interferon alfa therapy
Authors: J. H. Hoofnagle
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetic discrimination in life insurance: empirical evidence from a cross sectional survey of genetic support groups in the United Kingdom
Authors: L. Low, S. King, T. Wilkie
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To gather empirical evidence on any discrimination based on genetic information shown by the insurance industry in the United Kingdom and to assess how society is likely to handle future genetic information from tests for polygenic multifactorial conditions. <b>Design:</b> Postal questionnaire survey. <b>Subjects:</b> Sample (n=7000) of members from seven British support groups for families with genetic disorders and a representative sample (n=1033) of the general public who answered questions on applying for life insurance as part of an omnibus survey. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Subjects were asked about their experiences with insurers, the medical profession, employers, and social services. Experiences with insurers are reported here. <b>Results:</b> Altogether 33.4% of the study group had problems when applying for life insurance compared with 5% of applicants in the omnibus survey. Thirteen per cent of study respondents from subgroups who represented no adverse actuarial risk on genetic grounds reported that their treatment by insurers seemed to represent unjustified genetic discrimination. <b>Conclusions:</b> Life insurers may not be operating a consistent policy for assessing genetic information or acting in accord with the actuarial risks brought to them. The inconsistency suggests error rather than a corporate policy of discrimination based on genetic characteristics. Any future proposals for genetic testing for common or multifactorial disorders should be examined carefully.
Treatment of gastric ulcer with oestrogens.
Authors: R Doll, M J Langman, H H Shawdon
Journal: Gut (1968)

When Truelove (1960) reported that oestrogens, in the form of stilboestrol, helped to heal duodenal ulcers, evidence of their value began to be sought in the Gastroenterological Department at the Central Middlesex Hospital (Connell, Fletcher, Jones, Langman, Lennard-Jones, and Pygott, 1966).The effect of oestrogens on patients with gastric ulcers was also examined, and in 1965 Doll, Hill, and Hutton reported the results of a controlled trial in which a small number of patients were given either stilboestrol or dummy tablets.Men were given 1 mg of stilboestrol a day (the same dose as had been used by Truelove) and women who had passed the meno- pause were given oestrol 1 mg a day.On average, the amount of healing (expressed as the percentage reduction in the initial size of the ulcer in five weeks) was greater in the oestrogen group than in the control group, but the numbers were small, the difference was not statistically significant and this result could not be regarded as conclusive.The opportunity was, therefore, taken to make further observations during a trial of new methods of treatment with carbenoxolone sodium.
Chest Pain: Heart? Gullet? Both? Neither?
Authors: Charles E. Pope
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Crushing substernal chest pain usually convinces the patient that death from heart disease is near, and provokes the physician to invoke the services (and expenses) of coronary care units, coronary angiography, and even coronary bypass surgery. Yet, as the article by Dr Alban Davies and his colleagues (p 2274) reemphasizes, the gullet may be the offending organ in as many as one fifth of patients who come to a general hospital emergency room with chest pain. The authors demonstrated that eight of the 77 patients complaining of angina pectoris were shown to have bouts of chest pain that correlated closely either with acid perfusion of the esophagus or esophageal motor abnormalities detected manometrically. Another eight patients were shown to have esophageal abnormalities on testing, but these abnormalities were not associated with pain. This latter observation is the nub of the problem when esophageal testing is used to sort out persons
Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme: Elevations in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: JACK LIEBERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Elevated levels of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme were detected in 24% of 265 patients with diabetes mellitus. The elevations correlated strongly with the presence of severe retinopathy. Diabetes mellitus must be considered when an assay of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme is used to confirm a diagnosis of sarcoidosis.
Cardiovascular Risks of Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: James H. Stein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Treatment with potent antiretroviral therapy has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from a rapidly fatal disease into a chronic illness that some patients can live with for more than two decades. However, shortly after antiretroviral therapy was introduced, there were several reports of acute myocardial infarction and premature atherosclerotic vascular disease among young patients receiving such treatment.1 Attention quickly focused on the protease inhibitors, with speculation that lipodystrophy and its associated metabolic disorders, including hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, were increasing the cardiovascular risk.These findings were alarming, and a flurry of research reports and editorials created a sense of . . .
Topical Prilocaine-Lidocaine Cream Combined with Peripheral Nerve Block Improves Pain Control in Prostatic Biopsy: Results from a Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Marco Raber, Vincenzo Scattoni, Marco Roscigno, Federico Dehò, Alberto Briganti, Andrea Salonia, Andrea Gallina, Valerio Di Girolamo, Francesco Montorsi, Patrizio Rigatti
Journal: European Urology (2007)
An Address ON CLINICAL RESEARCH: Delivered at the Opening of the St. Andrews Institute for Clinical Research
Authors: J. Mackenzie
Journal: BMJ (1920)

In proposing to start an Institute for Medical Research we hiave to answer tlhe inquiry, " ' Is there need for such an institute?"In all civilized Oountries tlhere lhave been institutes established specially devoted to medical re- search, some of thlem endowed financially with great liberality, furnished with all tlhe appliances of the most recent scientific discovery, and directed by mcn of dis- tinction specially traiued for the purposo of investigation.-''here are, moreover, the teachina schools in which researclh is carried on in innumerable laboratories and hiospital wards.Wlhat justification can tlhere be for starting au institute in an out of the way place like St. Andrews, seeminagly deficient alike in equipment and material for observation'?Certainly our enterprise needs justification, and it is my purpose to-day to give you tlhe reasons for an enterprise of thie sort we are about to start, and to shiow to you how a place like St. Andrews is specially suited for this purpose. THE SCIENCE. OF MEDICINE.Thlere have been naniy stumbling-blocks in the patlh of medical progress.They are mainly due to the lack of understanidingt of the distinctive character of the science of medicine.The knowledge of disease is so incomplete that we do not yet even know what steps should be taken to advance our knowledge.It has been assuimed that tlle methods which are suitable for various branches of science -as chlemistry and physics-slhould be applied to medical investigation, but the mnethods of these sciences are not applicable to tlhe investigation of tlho most important phenomnenia of disease.The methods whlich hiave helped seine sections of medicine-as physiology and bacteriology -are not applicable by thenselves to tlle wider fields of clinical mliecdicine.Thle present-day conception takes too narrow a view of the field wvithi whlicli medical science has to deal.It asuIues that instrument,ul metlhods are of necessity tlle only scienitific methods.It lhas boon assumed that becauso recurding and measuring instruments and other methods have greatly advanced suclh limited fields of medicine as physiogouy, bacteriology, and clhemistry, that tlherefore clinical ml edicine slhould adopt the same methods.In
Bidirecctional crossover and late outcome after coronary angioplasty and bypass surgery: 8 to 11 year follow-up
Authors: John G. Webb, Richard K. Myler, Richard E. Shaw, Azam Anwar, Mary C. Murphy, Jodi Fishman Mooney, Michael R. Mooney, Simon H. Stertzer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Abstract 4513: Engineering apoferritin nanocages for tumor imaging and therapy.
Authors: Jin Xie, Zipeng Zhen, Wei Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Ferritin is a major iron storage protein found in human and most living organisms. Each ferritin is comprised of 24 subunits, which self-assemble to form a cage-like nanostructure. Apoferritins (FRTs) refer to those that are without iron encapsulated. FRT is an interesting nanoplatform and holds great potential in cancer imaging and drug delivery for several reasons. 1) Biosafety. Compared to many other biomaterials, FRTs have fewer concerns in toxicity and immunogenicity. 2) Unique nanostructure. Despite the rigidness under physiological conditions, the FRT nanoarchitecture can be broken down into FRT subunits in an acidic environment (pH = 2). Interestingly, such a process is reversible. When the pH is tuned back to neutral, the FRT subunits will be reconstituted into a nanocage structure, and almost in an intact fashion. This feature can be harnessed to form hybrid nanostructures and to allow for efficient drug loading. 3) Easy surface modification. As a protein, FRT nanocages can be genetically modified to present a peptide sequence on the surface. In addition, FRTs have multiple lysine and cysteine groups on the surface that can be easily linked with functional molecules, such as a fluorescence dye or a targeting peptide. 4) High loading capacity. In addition to iron and transition metals, many small molecules are able to be encapsulated into FRT interiors efficiently. Making use of these unique characteristics, we recently developed several multifunctional FRT-based probes for tumor imaging. Very recently, we found that doxorubicin can be internalized into RGD modified FRTs (RFRTs) with high efficiency (up to 70 wt%). The Dox-loaded RFRTs kept integrin selectivity, which was confirmed by both in vitro and in vivo imaging. Therapeutic studies on U87MG subcutaneous models observed a good tumor growth inhibition rate (89.6%) and reduced cardiotoxicity. Citation Format: Jin Xie, Zipeng Zhen, Wei Tang. Engineering apoferritin nanocages for tumor imaging and therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4513. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4513