tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Trends in Psychiatric Research: 1963-1972
Authors: H. KEITH H. BRODIE, MELVIN SABSHIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

This overview presents a selected survey of psychiatric research trends in the United States from 1963 to 1972. The principal sources for the survey were articles published in the American Journal of Psychiatry and the Archives of General Psychiatry, along with articles from the Journal of Psychiatric Research and abstracts submitted for presentation in the New Research sessions at APA's 1972 and 1973 annual meetings. The authors describe several interesting trends and developments that are reflected in the articles surveyed.
Familial sideroblastic anemia associated with cardiac atrial septal defect
Authors: Masaki Mori, Shu Nakamoto, Youichi Akifuji, Takayuki Tanaka, Norio Komatsu, Kiyohiko Hatake, Keiya Ozawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

therefore, accelerating the endothelial turnover.Although the increase in EPCs number in our study did not reach statistical significance, it is a well-known fact that PB EPCs are extremely rare and their mobilization takes place hours after the application of the stimulus, whereas in this study the blood was drawn after about 10 min after the goal of the exercise test was achieved.Our observations on the effects of exercise on the CECs may help to explain the benefits that exercise has on the cardiovascular system, suggesting a role of mechanical factors such as BP on the endothelial renewal in physiological conditions.
Diaphragm activity in obesity
Authors: Ruy V. Lourenço
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

DIAPHRAGM ACTIVITY DURING CARBON DIOXIDE BREATHING AND TOTAL CHEST COMPLIANCE DURING DIAPHRAGM RELAXATION WERE MEASURED IN EIGHT OBESE SUBJECTS: four with normal blood gases and four with hypercapnia and hypoxemia. Whereas there were no significant differences in the values of total chest compliance between the two groups, there were marked differences in diaphragm activity. The increase in integrated electrical activity in the diaphragm, per millimeter increment in carbon dioxide tension in the arterial blood, averaged 66 units (range: 48-90) in the obese-normal subjects and 17 units (range: 12-22) in the obese-hypoventilation subjects. These results suggest that an incapacity to increase the activity in the respiratory muscles, to levels necessary to overcome the load caused by obesity, plays a major role in the genesis of respiratory failure in obese subjects.
Tc-99m MAA SPECT in Pectus Excavatum: Assessment of Perfusion Volume Changes After Correction by the Nuss Procedure
Authors: Keiko Kinuya, Teruo Ueno, Takashi Kobayashi, Tomonari Tuji, Yasunari Yamamoto, Seigo Kinuya
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

The Nuss procedure is a minimally invasive technique for the repair of pectus excavatum. This investigation attempted to assess the impact of this corrective protocol on pulmonary functional volume through analysis of distribution volume data derived from Tc-99m MAA SPECT.SPECT was performed in 3 patients before and 6 months after completion of the Nuss procedure. Before the clinical application of SPECT, phantom experiments were conducted to establish the threshold level based on the volume calculation program. Haller's index, a quantitative index of chest-wall deformity, was also obtained by x-ray CT.A threshold level of 30% was the most accurate determinant of pulmonary volume. Preoperative and postoperative Tc-99m MAA distribution volumes (MAA volume in mL) were 2812 and 3107 (an increase of 10%), 2212 and 2410 (9%), and 2341 and 2872 (23%), respectively. In all patients, MAA volume increased after corrective intervention. Changes were most striking in the left lung, which is affected to a greater extent by dislocation of the heart. Morphologic improvement in the lungs was also demonstrated by Haller's CT index in all patients, which decreased from 4.35, 3.52, and 10.67, preoperatively, to 3.45, 2.75, and 4.25, respectively, postoperatively.MAA volume assessment is an easy, suitable approach for detection of favorable changes produced by the Nuss procedure in pectus excavatum.
Innovation in Medical Technology: Ethical Issues and Challenges
Authors: Richard M. Stillman
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
REACTIONS OF RABBITS TO INTRACUTANEOUS INJECTIONS OF PNEUMOCOCCI AND THEIR PRODUCTS
Authors: Louis A. Julianelle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

1. About two-thirds of the rabbits injected intracutaneously with suspensions of heat-killed S or R pneumococci develop an increased eye reactivity. 2. Eye reactions in these animals may be elicited by the instillation of "nucleoprotein," or of a solution of Pneumococcus from which the acid precipitable and heat coagulable proteins have been removed. The eye reactions are not elicited, under the conditions described, by living R cells or the protein-free, type-specific, polysaccharides. 3. Rabbits do not develop an increased eye reactivity following intravenous injections of the intact cell. 4. Rabbits do not develop an increased eye reactivity following injections of soluble derivatives of Pneumococcus. 5. Experimental infection by Pneumococcus may stimulate eye reactivity in rabbits. 6. Eye reactivity occurs in animals actively resistant to infection. 7. Eye reactions are observed more frequently in rabbits which show the secondary reaction.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE WASSERMANN REACTION
Authors: Paul A. Lewis, H. S. Newcomer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1919)

The Wassermann reaction carried out according to the method of McIntosh and Fildes, with cholesterolized antigen and with certain allowances for the presence of native anti-sheep amboceptor; leads to about the same result as when it is done according to the recent proposal of Noguchi, with the native human complement and acetone-insoluble lipoids as antigen. The differences are such as to suggest that from the point of view of diagnosis the Noguchi method is the more conservative but that there is definite advantage in using two metnods as distinct in origin of materials as these, partly for the purpose of control and partly in the hope of acquiring new information of importance. As a measure of control of treatment the cholesterol antigen appears to us to be the more valuable. The Wassermann reaction alone, by whatever method it may be done, can only be used in the diagnosis of syphilis in conjunction with presumption based on other grounds. That it fails to appear in a considerable percentage of syphilitics is well known. That the reaction is positive in other conditions is not so generally recognized. Fresh instances of this in certain febrile cases are here recorded.
Private Cost Containment
Authors: Paul J. Feldstein, Thomas M. Wickizer, John R.C. Wheeler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Abstract Utilization review has been regarded as one of the most promising approaches to the containment of health care costs. We analyzed insurance claims data on 222 groups of employees and dependents for 1984 and 1985 to evaluate the effects of utilization review programs instituted by a large private insurance carrier. The utilization review programs we studied were compulsory; patients who did not follow established utilization review procedures were subject to financial penalties. Controlling for employee characteristics, health care market area factors, and benefit-plan features, we found that utilization review reduced admissions by 12.3 percent, inpatient days by 8.0 percent, hospital expenditures by 11.9 percent, and total medical expenditures by 8.3 percent. When only groups that had relatively high admission rates before adopting utilization review were analyzed, it was found that they had a 34 percent reduction in patient days and a 30 percent reduction in hospital expenditures. The savings-to-cost ratio of utilization review for groups overall was highly favorable — approximately 8 to 1. Private utilization review programs of the type we studied appear to be effective in reducing hospital use and decreasing medical expenditures. This study did not address the possible effects of such programs on the health status of patients. (N Engl J Med 1988; 318:1310–4.)
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER THORACIC RADIOTHERAPY FOR CANCER: EXAMINING DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AT TIME OF DIAGNOSIS COMPARED WITH THE GENERAL POPULATION
Authors: Vaibhav Vaidya, Jackson Liang, Terence Sio, Stephen Cha, Vuyisile Nkomo, Rowlens Melduni, Hon-Chi Lee, Robert Miller, Samuel Asirvatham
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Mass balance of trace elements in Walker branch watershed: relation to coal-fired steam plants.
Authors: S E Lindberg, A W Andren, R J Raridon, W Fulkerson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1975)

A mass balance study of trace element flows at the TVA Allen Steam Plant at Memphis showed that most of the released Hg, some Se, and probably most Cl and Br are discharged to the atmosphere as gases. The elements As, Cd, Cu, Ga, Mo, Pb, Sb, Se, and Zn were concentrated in fly ash compared to slag and were more concentrated in the ash discharged through the stack than in that collected by the precipitator, while Al, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Eu, Fe, Hf, K, La, Mg, Mn, Rb, Sm, Sr, Ta, Th, and Ti showed little preferential partitioning between the slag and the collected or discharged fly ash. The elements Cr, Cs, Na, Ni, U, and V exhibited behavior intermediate between the latter two groups. This information about stack emissions of trace elements from the Allen Plant was used to estimate the likely range of air concentrations and input (dry and wet deposition) to the Walker Branch Watershed. The watershed, which is on the ERDA reservation at Oak Ridge, is within 20 km of three coal-fired steam plants, two in the TVA system and one belonging to ERDA. The estimated input values are compared to measurements of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in wet precipitation falling on the watershed during 1973 and 1974. Dry deposition of these elements could not be measured directly but estimates indicated that this could be of the same order of magnitude as the rainwater input. A six-month mass balance indicated that the watershed efficiently retains Pb (97-98% of the atmospheric input,) Cu (82-84%), while Cr (69%), Mn (57%), Zn (73%), and Hg (69%) are less well retained.
Can children withhold consent to treatment?
Authors: J A Devereux, D P Jones, D L Dickenson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

A dilemma exists when a doctor is faced with a child or young person who refuses medically indicated treatment. The Gillick case has been interpreted by many to mean that a child of sufficient age and intelligence could validly consent or refuse consent to treatment. Recent decisions of the Court of Appeal on a child9s refusal of medical treatment have clouded the issue and undermined the spirit of the Gillick decision and the Children Act 1989. It is now the case that a child patient whose competence is in doubt will be found rational if he or she accepts the proposal to treat but may be found incompetent if he or she disagrees. Practitioners are alerted to the anomalies now exhibited by the law on the issue of children9s consent and refusal. The impact of the decisions from the perspectives of medicine, ethics, and the law are examined. Practitioners should review each case of child care carefully and in cases of doubt seek legal advice.
Early Rise in Intraocular Pressure after Ammonia Burns
Authors: V. N. Highman
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Ammonia is now frequently used in armed robberies by assailants, who possibly misguidedly imagine that it is an easy and safe method of temporarily incapacitating their victim. Nevertheless, two case histories are presented to illustrate the early rise of intraocular pressure which may occur after excessive exposure of the eye to ammonia. The clinical appearance in many respects mimicked that of acute-angle closure glaucoma; the raised intraocular pressure, corneal oedema, and an oval semi-dilated fixed pupil being typical.
Radio-Frequency Ablation as Treatment for Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Fred Morady
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Radio-frequency catheter ablation has replaced antiarrhythmic-drug therapy for the treatment of many types of cardiac arrhythmia. This article reviews the biophysics and results of radio-frequency catheter ablation and the clinical indications for its use.Catheter-ablation procedures are performed in an electrophysiology laboratory. Usually both the diagnosis and the catheter ablation can be accomplished in a single session.1 Three or four electrode catheters are inserted percutaneously into a femoral, internal jugular, or subclavian vein and positioned within the heart to allow pacing and recording at key sites. The efficacy of catheter ablation depends on the accurate identification of the site of . . .
Tight Glucose Control in Critically Ill Adults—Reply
Authors: Simon Finfer
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE CIVILIAN PHYSICIAN'S SACRIFICE
Authors: None Longino
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —May I ask why as my husband was a victim on the long list of doctors who succumbed to the terrible epidemic last month no mention is made in any periodical or public newspaper of these noble fellows who gave their lives in fighting this disease? Are they not to be mentioned in any way as heroes? The sacrifices of physicians in this section of our country was greater than the people of closely populated districts during the past four years of war can conceive, as the distance they must cover is great, and doctors are few. My husband for the past year has practiced alone in this county his nearest town being 28 miles away, the farthest, 75 miles. He could not enter the Army on account of being tuberculous. When he died he had worked night and day for two weeks<i>alone</i>trying to save
Genetic mechanisms and signaling pathways in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Peter C. Harris, Vicente E. Torres
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Recent advances in defining the genetic mechanisms of disease causation and modification in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have helped to explain some extreme disease manifestations and other phenotypic variability. Studies of the ADPKD proteins, polycystin-1 and -2, and the development and characterization of animal models that better mimic the human disease, have also helped us to understand pathogenesis and facilitated treatment evaluation. In addition, an improved understanding of aberrant downstream pathways in ADPKD, such as proliferation/secretion-related signaling, energy metabolism, and activated macrophages, in which cAMP and calcium changes may play a role, is leading to the identification of therapeutic targets. Finally, results from recent and ongoing preclinical and clinical trials are greatly improving the prospects for available, effective ADPKD treatments.
Abdominal Angina
Authors: Harvey N. Mandell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

CHRONIC vascular insufficiency of the intestinal tract is a definite clinical entity. It is seldom diagnosed ante mortem, however, and its late manifestation, acute mesenteric thrombosis, is usually a catastrophe. A logical sequence of events takes place so that with the proper amount of suspicion the disease can reasonably be expected to be diagnosed. It is the purpose of the presentation to present a classic case of "abdominal angina" and to make a few comments upon the diagnosis.Case ReportA. F., a 64-year-old married man, was admitted to the William W. Backus Hospital on March 13, 1957, with the . . .
Efficacy and Tolerability of Icatibant Acetate in Hereditary Angioedema due To C1 Inhibitor Deficiency (HAE): a Descriptive Study
Authors: N. Prior, M. Caminoa, C. Gómez-Traseira, M. López-Serrano, T. Caballero
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Increased Allergen-Specific, Steroid-Sensitive γδ T Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Patients with Asthma
Authors: Fabrizio Spinozzi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objective: To test the hypothesis that allergen-specific, steroid-sensitive γδ T lymphocytes are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma. Design: Case series. Setting: The outpatient allergy services at the University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. Patients: 12 untreated atopic patients (6 children and 6 adults) with mildly symptomatic chronic asthma were studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 10 healthy nonsmoking volunteers and age-matched children with cystic fibrosis (n = 5) or anatomic malformation of the airways (n = 4) served as control samples. Intervention: Three patients received treatment with deflazacort, 60 mg twice daily, for 1 week. Measurements: CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells from patients and controls were examined by two-color flow cytometry for coexpression of Vδ1 and Vδ2 isoforms of the γδ T-cell receptor. In vitro pulmonary γδ T-cell proliferation in response to a specific allergen, the apoptotic death of these cells after incubation with 10−7 M dexamethasone, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid T-lymphocyte composition before and after 1 week of deflazacort therapy were evaluated in 3 Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus-sensitive patients. Results: The proportion of γδ T lymphocytes, primarily CD4+ or CD4− CD8− cells, was higher in asthmatic patients than in controls (P < 0.05 by one-way analysis of variance). Most lung γδ CD4+ lymphocytes expressed the γδ T-cell receptor Vδ1 chain. These cells proliferated in response to allergen stimulation, underwent steroid-induced apoptosis in vitro, and disappeared after systemic steroid treatment. Conclusions: Allergen-specific, steroid-sensitive γδ T cells may be one of the cellular components involved in the airway inflammation that characterizes allergic bronchial asthma.
Evolutionary rescue in a changing world
Authors: Stephanie M. Carlson, Curry J. Cunningham, Peter A.H. Westley
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2014)

Evolutionary rescue occurs when adaptive evolutionary change restores positive growth to declining populations and prevents extinction. Here we outline the diagnostic features of evolutionary rescue and distinguish this phenomenon from demographic and genetic rescue. We then synthesize the rapidly accumulating theoretical and experimental studies of evolutionary rescue, highlighting the demographic, genetic, and extrinsic factors that affect the probability of rescue. By doing so, we clarify the factors to target through management and conservation. Additionally, we identify several putative cases of evolutionary rescue in nature, but conclude that compelling evidence remains elusive. We conclude with a horizon scan of where the field might develop, highlighting areas of potential application, and suggest areas where experimental evaluation will help to evaluate theoretical predictions.
Malcolm Peter Taylor
Authors: C. READ
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Former general practitioner Doncaster, South Yorkshire (b Leeds 1931; q Birmingham 1955; FRCGP), died from pancreatic cancer on 21 July 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




Malcolm became a general practitioner in Doncaster in 1961, where he set up one of the first vocational training schemes in the United Kingdom. In the 1980s he developed an interest in epilepsy. Concerned with the quality of care he created a new model involving a central clinic and epilepsy nurses working in the community. This model has been copied elsewhere and as far away as Australia. He wrote a book on epilepsy, which was an international success. Shortly before his death he received a lifetime achievement award from the UK branch of the International League Against Epilepsy. He leaves a wife, Anne; four children; and 12 grandchildren.
98.6°F
Authors: Thomas E. Terndrup
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Mackowiak et al<sup>1</sup>raises several interesting points regarding clinical thermometry, but their results should be interpreted with some skepticism. The authors are correct in stating that many of Wunderlich's observations are not relevant to modern clinical thermometry. Before accepting their data as the true range of normal, however, we should be sure that the instrument is indeed measuring what we wish to measure. First, the authors report that the steady-state error of the Diatek 500 thermometer (Diatek Inc, San Diego, Calif) is 0.05°C to 0.07°C. However, it appears that the authors are not using the thermometer in a steady-state mode (called "monitor" mode by the manufacturer) but instead are using the "predictive" mode, in which the thermometer predicts the temperature based on the rate of rise of the temperature of the sensor rather than the actual equilibrium temperature. We have found in vitro
Age and high-dose methotrexate are associated to clinical acute encephalopathy in FRALLE 93 trial for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children
Authors: M N Dufourg, J Landman-Parker, M F Auclerc, C Schmitt, Y Perel, G Michel, P Levy, G Couillault, V Gandemer, M D Tabone, F Demeocq, J P Vannier, T Leblanc, G Leverger, A Baruchel
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Hemodynamic stress in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, blood pressure changes: the age factor/the law of Laplace.
Authors: G Bittar
Journal: Circulation (1991)

medically well psychiatric patients and in community samples.5 Thus, the higher incidence of depression in women after myocar- dial infarction could help to explain their increased mortality risk.Unfortunately, none of the existing studies of mortality in women have assessed depression or other psychological variables.Future research on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in women should evaluate this potentially important factor.