tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transdermal Nitroglycerin and Nitrate Tolerance
Authors: AUDREY G. KRIEGMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1987Transdermal Nitroglycerin and Nitrate ToleranceAUDREY G. KRIEGMAN, M.D.AUDREY G. KRIEGMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-325 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his editorial in the March 1986 issue, Dr. Abrams (1) failed to mention the results of several recent acute and chronic dose studies that showed lack of tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin.In a double-blind study Scardi and colleagues (2) evaluated the acute effects of two doses of Transderm-Nitro (nitroglycerin; Ciba Pharmaceutical Co., Summit, New Jersey) at 4 and 24 hours after patch application in 15 patients with stable, exercise-induced angina. In comparison with placebo, both doses of Transderm-Nitro (10 and 20 mg/24 h) produced a statistically significant increase (p< 0.01) in exercise duration to 1-mm...References1. ABRAMS J. Transdermal nitroglycerin and nitrate tolerance [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:424-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SCARDIPIVOTTIFONDA SFF. Effect of a new transdermal therapeutic system containing nitroglycerin on exercise capacity in patients with angina pectoris. Am Heart J 1985;110:546-51. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SELLIERAUDOUINPAYEN PPB. Therapeutic efficacy of transcutaneously absorbed nitroglycerin evaluated by exercise testing in angina patients. Cardiovasc Rev Rep. 1985;6:84-8. Google Scholar4. MUIESANAGABITI-ROSEIMUIESAN GEL. A multicenter trial of transdermal nitroglycerin in exercise-induced angina: individual antianginal response after repeated administration. Am Heart J. 1986;112:233-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MARTINES C. Comparison of the prophylactic antianginal effect of two doses of Nitroderm TTS in out-patients with stable angina pectoris. Curr Ther Res. 1984;36:483-9. Google Scholar1. ABRAMS J. The brief saga of transdermal nitroglycerin discs: paradise lost? Am J Cardiol. 1985;54:220-4. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ABRAMS J. Transdermal nitroglycerin: ointment or disc [Editorial]? Am Heart J 1984;108:1597-600. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BUSSMANZANCHETTI WA eds. Transdermal Nitroglycerin Therapy. Berne: Hans Huber Publishers; 1985:1-70. Google Scholar4. PARKER J. N Engl J Med. (In press). Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: AUDREY G. KRIEGMAN, M.D.Affiliations: Ciba-Geigy Corporation Summit, NJ 07901 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1987Volume 106, Issue 2Page: 325-326KeywordsAnginaExerciseNitrates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
OSHA's approach to risk assessment for setting a revised occupational exposure standard for 1,3-butadiene.
Authors: E A Grossman, J Martonik
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

In its 1980 benzene decision [Industrial Union Department, ALF-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute, 448 U.S. 607 (1980)], the Supreme Court ruled that "before he can promulgate any permanent health or safety standard, the Secretary [of Labor] is required to make a threshold finding that a place of employment is unsafe--in the sense that significant risks are present and can be lessened by a change in practices" (448 U.S. at 642). The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has interpreted this to mean that whenever possible, it must quantify the risk associated with occupational exposure to a toxic substance at the current permissible exposure limit (PEL). If OSHA determines that there is significant risk to workers' health at its current standard, then it must quantify the risk associated with a variety of alternative standards to determine at what level, if any, occupational exposure to a substance no longer poses a significant risk. For rulemaking on occupational exposure to 1,3-butadiene, there are two studies that are suitable for quantitative risk assessment. One is a mouse inhalation bioassay conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP), and the other is a rat inhalation bioassay conducted by Hazelton Laboratories Europe. Of the four risk assessments that have been submitted to OSHA, all four have used the mouse and/or rat data with a variety of models to quantify the risk associated with occupational exposure to 1,3-butadiene. In addition, OSHA has performed its own risk assessment using the female mouse and female rat data and the one-hit and multistage models.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Manuscript Requirements: The Advance from Vancouver
Authors: EDWARD J. HUTH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Editorial Notes1 January 1981Manuscript Requirements: The Advance from VancouverEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.EDWARD J. HUTH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-1-130 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn January 1978, a group of editors representing major clinical journals published in English met in Vancouver, British Columbia, and decided on technical requirements for manuscripts to be submitted to their journals. Agreement was not reached at that meeting on the format of bibliographic references, and the U.S. National Library of Medicine was asked to stipulate the formats to be used. The Library developed the formats in accord with the American National Standard for Bibliographic References (1, 2). The full agreement was announced early in 1979 in three journals (3-5), and a list of the participating journals was published. Invitations...References1. . Change of Index Medicus citation format. Index Medicus. 1980;21(1):vii. Google Scholar2. . American national standard for bibliographic references, Z39.Z9-1977. New York: American National Standards Institute; 1977. Google Scholar3. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Am Rev Resp Dis. 1979;199:3-10. Google Scholar4. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:95-9. LinkGoogle Scholar5. . Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Brit Med J. 1979;1:532-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. APPLE R. New link forged between America and the castle at Leeds. New York Times. 1980 May 22: C12 (col 3-6). Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAnnals of Internal Medicine at Age 75: Reflections on the Past 25 YearsEdward J. Huth, MD and Kathleen Case, MSUniform Manuscript Requirements: New EditionEDWARD J. HUTH, M.D., North American Correspondent, International Committee of Medical Journal EditorsCorrection: Uniform Requirements and DiabetologiaThe Ethics of Medical Publishing: Prior Publication and Full Disclosure by Authors 1 January 1981Volume 94, Issue 1Page: 130-132KeywordsLibraries Issue Published: 1 January 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Immunoglobulin G Fc Receptor-Mediated Clearance in Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: MICHAEL M. FRANK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

The reticuloendothelial system is thought to play an important role in removing immune complexes and other immunologically active substances from the circulation via interaction with specific cell-surface receptors. The function of the reticuloendothelial system in humans with autoimmune diseases was studied in vivo by measuring the rate of removal of IgG-coated, radio-labeled autologous erythrocytes. Such cells are removed by phagocytic cells of the spleen, and the process depends on the presence of an intact IgG Fc fragment. Studies in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus show a profound defect in Fc-receptor-specific clearance that correlates with disease activity. Patients with other autoimmune diseases have defects in Fc receptor functional activity when their illness is characterized by tissue deposition of immune complexes. Normal patients with HLA-B8/DRw3, an HLA type associated with an increased incidence of autoimmune disease, also have an increased incidence of defective Fc receptor-specific functional activity, suggesting that this defect may predispose patients with this haplotype to develop manifestations of immune complex-mediated disease.
Secondary Therapy, Metastatic Progression, and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Men with Clinically High-Risk Prostate Cancer Treated with Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Ofer Yossepowitch, Scott E. Eggener, Angel M. Serio, Brett S. Carver, Fernando J. Bianco, Peter T. Scardino, James A. Eastham
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Quantifying estrogen metabolism: an evaluation of the reproducibility and validity of enzyme immunoassays for 2-hydroxyestrone and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone in urine.
Authors: R G Ziegler, S C Rossi, T R Fears, H L Bradlow, H Adlercreutz, D Sepkovic, P Kiuru, K Wahala, J B Vaught, J L Donaldson, R T Falk, C M Fillmore, P K Siiteri, R N Hoover, M H Gail
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Rapid and simple enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) were recently developed to measure 2-hydroxyestrone and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone in unextracted urine. The balance between these competing estrogen metabolism pathways may serve as a biomarker of breast cancer risk. Before testing these assays in epidemiologic studies, we evaluated their reproducibility, and validity relative to gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Overnight 12-hr urine collections from five midfollicular premenopausal women, five midluteal premenopausal women, and five postmenopausal women were aliquoted and stored at -70 degrees C. Two aliquots from each woman were assayed with the EIAs in a random, blinded order, monthly over 4 months and 1 year later. Reproducibility over 4 months was good for both metabolites in premenopausal women (coefficient of variation = 8-14%) and satisfactory in postmenopausal women (approximately 19%). Reproducibility over 12 months remained good in premenopausal women, but was poor in postmenopausal women, with mean readings increasing 50 to 100%. Wide variation in estrogen metabolite levels enabled a single EIA measurement to characterize individual differences among premenopausal women in midfollicular (intraclass correlation coefficient = 98-99%) and midluteal phase (85-91%). A narrower range in metabolite levels among postmenopausal women reduced discrimination (78-82%). The correlation between EIA and GC-MS measurement was excellent for both metabolites (r>0.9), except for 2-hydroxyestrone in postmenopausal women (r=0.6). Analysis of absolute agreement suggested that both EIAs were less sensitive than GC-MS, and each detected nonspecific background. The low concentration of estrogen metabolites in urine from postmenopausal women may explain the problems with reproducibility and validity in this menstrual group. Accordingly, more sensitive EIAs have been developed and are now being evaluated.
NF-κB–YY1–miR-29 Regulatory Circuitry in Skeletal Myogenesis and Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Huating Wang, Ramiro Garzon, Hao Sun, Katherine J. Ladner, Ravi Singh, Jason Dahlman, Alfred Cheng, Brett M. Hall, Stephen J. Qualman, Dawn S. Chandler, Carlo M. Croce, Denis C. Guttridge
Journal: Cancer Cell (2008)
Association Between Baseline Impedance Values and Response Proton Pump Inhibitors in Patients With Heartburn
Authors: Nicola de Bortoli, Irene Martinucci, Edoardo Savarino, Radu Tutuian, Marzio Frazzoni, Paolo Piaggi, Lorenzo Bertani, Manuele Furnari, Riccardo Franchi, Salvatore Russo, Massimo Bellini, Vincenzo Savarino, Santino Marchi
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
The Role of Phagocyte Proteinases and Proteinase Inhibitors in Multiple Organ Failure
Authors: Marianne Jochum, Cornelia Gippner-Steppert, Werner Machleidt, Hans Fritz
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Although numerous other inflammatory mediators are important, the following review of our research and that of other authors reveals a prominent role for the phagocyte proteinases, polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase and cathepsin B, in the development of multiple organ failure. The release of these enzymes in relation to the severity of trauma- and/or infection-induced inflammation was clearly verified in a variety of clinical studies. The amounts of the extracellularly discharged phagocyte proteinases were highly predictive of forthcoming organ failure and ultimate patient outcome. Moreover, the consumption of important proteinase inhibitors (e.g., α1-proteinase inhibitor, antithrombin III) and other plasma proteins (e.g., fibrinogen), which are highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation, coincided with the occurrence of proteolytic activity, especially that of PMN elastase. Therefore, the therapeutic use of specific PMN elastase and/or thrombin inhibitors should prevent multiple organ failure or at least reduce severe signs of inflammation.
A 22 year old man with persistent regurgitation and vomiting: case outcome
Authors: Mark Fox, Alasdair Young, Roy Anggiansah, Angela Anggiansah, Jeremy Sanderson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Four weeks ago we presented the case of Mr Neville, a 22 year old student with persistent severe epigastric pain and regurgitation and vomiting after meals ( BMJ 2006;332: 1438, 17 June). Aggressive treatment with acid suppression, prokinetics, and anti-emetics was not effective, and his symptoms led to life threatening weight loss over five months in hospital ( BMJ 2006;332: 1496, 24 June).

Clinical observation suggested he had rumination syndrome, and this was confirmed by physiological measurements. In this condition food is returned to the mouth from the stomach by voluntary, although subconscious, contraction of the abdominal wall; the ruminant is then spat …
Re: Christina Wang, Eberhard Nieschlag, Ronald Swerdloff, et al. Investigation, Treatment, and Monitoring of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in Males: ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA, and ASA Recommendations. Eur Urol 2009;55:121–30
Authors: Anton Ponholzer, Stephan Madersbacher
Journal: European Urology (2008)
From New to old England: the progress of Lyme disease.
Authors: A Parke
Journal: BMJ (1987)

From New to old England: the progress of Lyme disease Lyme, Old Lyme, and East Haddam are delightful small towns on the east bank of the Connecticut River.Many of the residents of these towns and of the surrounding areas are affected by a multisystem disease with chronic crippling sequelae.Lyme disease is a seasonal infectious disease found in the United States,'2 Europe,34 and Australia.5Caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi,6 it is transmitted primarily by
OPHTHALMIC PRACTICE OF THE PRESENT TIME.
Authors: FRANCIS VALK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

An extremely interesting paper by Dr. George M. Gould<sup>1</sup>on "A Study of Failures in Ophthalmic Practice" has called my attention to the subject of the work of the ophthalmologist of the present, and we may well ask the questions: What is it? What shall it be? Dr. Gould's candid acknowledgment of his failures and the reasons therefor will be readily accepted by most ophthalmologists, who will agree with the premises so well set forth in his paper. But I do not think, however, that the final word has been said as to the causes of our failures, nor do I believe that the present method of examination can not be improved. If we do have failures, such conditions must always exist, more or less, with all medical men, be they specialists or general practitioners. No one is infallible, even the most expert may be misled or fail by
Transient Regional Osteoporosis
Authors: Sharad Lakhanpal, William W. Ginsburg, Harvinder S. Luthra, Gene G. Hunder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

We describe the clinical features and course of disease in 56 patients (33 men and 23 women) with transient regional osteoporosis. The median age at hospitalization was 48 years. All patients had monoarticular or oligoarticular joint pain that was aggravated by weight bearing. Eighteen also had pain at rest in the involved joints and 6 had nocturnal pain. The joints of the lower extremities were affected in 54 patients; the hip was the most commonly affected joint. There was little evidence of synovitis. Osteoporosis was diagnosed on the basis of characteristic clinical findings and the results of roentgenograms and bone scans. The osteoporosis resolved spontaneously over several months. Treatment consisted of joint protection, initiation of gradual ambulation, and administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Although its cause is unknown, osteoporosis appears to be a regional rather than a systemic process.
Diagnosis of Twin-Zygosity by Dermatoglyphics
Authors: V. Sudhakar Rao
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In "Therapeutic Effect of Vitamin C: A Co-Twin Study" (237:248, 1977), zygosity was determined by dermatoglyphic analysis and extensive blood typing. We do not criticize, but intend to point out that postnatal diagnosis of zygosity is one of the most difficult tasks when data of placental examination at birth are not available. Diagnosis cannot be accurate unless at least physical characteristics of the twin pairs are also studied. Dermatoglyphics are of limited use in the diagnosis of zygosity. Prints of monozygotic twins may have similar patterns, but they are not identical and may be quite dissimilar.<sup>1</sup>Although some studies<sup>2-4</sup>have indicated certain differences in the handprints and footprints of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, there are no definite dermatoglyphic parameters for diagnosis of zygosity. In one study,<sup>2</sup>diagnosis of zygosity based on fingerprints alone had an average error of 22.6%, but when supplemented with information
The 3rd Pacific Rim Meeting on Breast and Prostate Cancer: Progress in Hormonal Carcinogenesis and the Enduring Influence of Ron Ross
Authors: Juergen K.V. Reichardt, Wayne D. Tilley
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

The 3rd Pacific Rim (“PacRim”) meeting on breast and prostate cancer on Fraser Island (Queensland, Australia) brought together a cast of international experts from October 31 to November 4, 2006. The meeting highlighted the current progress in breast and prostate cancer in the context of the
Determination of Cell Proliferation Using Mcm2 Antigen and Evaluation of Apoptosis and TGF-β1 Expression in GH-secreting or Clinically Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Cristina Micheletto Dallago, Ligia Maria Barbosa-Coutinho, Nelson Pires Ferreira, Rosalva Meurer, Julia Fernanda Semmelmann Pereira-Lima, Miriam da Costa Oliveira
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2010)
Intestinal Explosion After Opening a Caecostomy with Diathermy
Authors: M. F. Barrkman
Journal: BMJ (1965)

chronic inflammation (Cazal et al., 1956), and to successful response to treatment (Wall, 1958).This study has shown that raised serum gammaglobulin levels in Hodgkin's disease cannot be looked on as evidence of antibody activity related to thymic involvement.The tendency of the serum gamma-globulin to fall just before death has been previously noted (Wall, 1958).Similarly in the present study almost all the deaths occurred in the normal or low serum gamma-globulin group.The significance of this is a matter for conjecture but it seems possible that it represents some failure in resistance, provided by circulating antibody. SummaryThere have been numerous reports of the occurrence in Hodgkin's disease of disorders believed to have an autoimmune basis.However, no evidence of autoimmune phenomena has been found in a clinical and serological survey of 39 cases of histologically proved Hodgkin's disease.The possibility that changes equivalent to experimental graft-versus-host reactions occur in this disease remains.There was no evidence from this study to suggest that involvement of the thymus, a frequent occurrence in Hodgkin's disease, is of other than local significance.Raised serum gamma-globulin levels are not related to thymic disease and the cause of this finding in Hodgkin's disease remains unknown.Though one-third of the patients in this series had hypergammaglobulinaemia, almost all those who died had had normal or low serum gamma-globulin levels 21 or fewer months before death.It is possible that this serological feature represents a failure in resistance to the disease nor- mally provided by circulating antibody.
THE SILVER-INJECTION TREATMENT OF PULMONARY CONSUMPTION.
Authors: THOMAS J. MAYS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

That the nervous system is generally, and the pneumogastric nerves are especially, implicated in pulmonary consumption, and that any therapeutic agent which affects this disease favorably and permanently either appeals directly or indirectly to the pulmonary organs through the nervous system, have been regarded by me as cardinal truths for more than a dozen years. This is clearly confirmed on its pathologic side. For, it may be said, that any influence or agent that has the power of undermining the integrity of the nervous system also has the power of generating pulmonary consumption, or some other form of pulmonary disease. Herein lies the reason why the insane, the idiotic, the epileptic, the hysteric, the asthmatic, the neurotic; why those who are subject to great grief, worry, mental overwork, disappointment, etc., and why those whose nervous systems suffer from the chronic intoxication of alcohol, syphilis, lead, mercury, etc., are much more
Do Universal Precautions Reduce Needlestick Injuries?-Reply
Authors: Edward S. Wong
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  —We believe our choice of patient-care months as the denominator for occupational exposures is neither inappropriate nor misleading. In our study, we were interested in the difference in the frequency of occupational exposures before and after implementation of UPs and, specifically, with regard to needlestick injuries, the percent reduction as a result of UPs (ie, the rate of injuries after implementation divided by the rate of injuries before implementation). For this calculation, it is clear that the choice of denominators is irrelevant since they cancel out. We contend that the risk of needlestick injuries is procedure-dependent and the number of patients cared for on the study wards is the most important determinant of the number of procedures performed. Since we observed no variations in the month-to-month patient census or any changes in ward practices during the study period, we attributed the reduction in the frequency of exposures to
USE OF VENOUS SPACES OF PENIS FOR TRANSFUSION
Authors: George H. Stacy
Journal: JAMA (1928)

To the Editor:  —The article by Dr. E. K. Shaw on the use of the venous spaces of the penis for transfusion (The Journal, February 11) was read with interest.  During the winter of 1918-1919 at the Camp Grant Illinois Base Hospital, in the great campaign of purification of a large fraction of the colored contingent of the army before its return to the quiet pursuits of civilian existence, we came across one large soldier who apparently had no superficial veins according to the examination of several officers. The writer, then a first lieutenant in the medical corps, suggested to his captain, Oscar W. King, now of around Houston, that we shoot this particular darky through the dorsal vein of the penis. In the presence of a large gallery of willing corps boys and sympathetic patients, the operation was successfully performed by the captain.  The news spread through the lower