tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast activation protein increases apoptosis, cell adhesion, and migration by the LX-2 human stellate cell line
Authors: Xin Maggie Wang, Denise Ming Tse Yu, Geoffrey W. McCaughan, Mark D. Gorrell
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Injury and repair in chronic liver disease involve cell adhesion, migration, apoptosis, proliferation, and a wound healing response. In liver, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has both collagenase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPIV) activities and is expressed only by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and myofibroblasts, which produce and degrade extracellular matrix (ECM). FAP was colocalized with collagen fibers, fibronectin, and collagen type I in human liver. FAP function was examined in vitro by expressing green fluorescent protein FAP fusion protein in cell lines cultured on collagen-I, fibronectin, and Matrigel. Glutamates at 203 and 204 as well as serine624 of FAP were essential for peptidase activity. Human embryonic kidney 293T cells overexpressing FAP showed reduced adhesion and migration. FAP overexpression in the human HSC line LX-2 caused increased cell adhesion and migration on ECM proteins as well as invasion across transwells in the absence or presence of transforming growth factor beta-1. FAP overexpression enhanced staurosporine streptomyces–stimulated apoptosis in both cell lines. Interestingly, the enzyme activity of FAP was not required for these functions. Overexpressing FAP increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and CD44 and reduced integrin-β1 expression in 293T cells, suggesting potential pathways of FAP-mediated impairment of cell adhesion and migration in this epithelial cell line. In conclusion , these findings further support a pro-fibrogenic role for FAP by indicating that, in addition to its enzymatic functions, FAP has important nonenzymatic functions that in chronic liver injury may facilitate tissue remodeling through FAP-mediated enhancement of HSC cell adhesion, migration, and apoptosis. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website ( http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html ). (Hepatology 2005;42:935–945.)
Bleeding Complications With the Chimeric Antibody to Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Integrin in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Frank V. Aguirre, Eric J. Topol, James J. Ferguson, Keaven Anderson, James C. Blankenship, Richard R. Heuser, Kristina Sigmon, Marc Taylor, Ronald Gottlieb, Gary Hanovich, Michael Rosenberg, Thomas J. Donohue, Harlan F. Weisman, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The potential for novel antiplatelet and antithrombin agents to contribute to periprocedural bleeding complications of percutaneous coronary revascularization is poorly defined. In the Evaluation of c7E3 Fab in Preventing Ischemic Complications of High-Risk Angioplasty (EPIC) trial, the periprocedural use of aspirin, heparin, and a chimeric antibody to the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin c7E3 Fab in 2099 patients significantly reduced postprocedural ischemic complications and 6-month clinical restenosis but was associated with increased procedural bleeding complications. We review these complications and describe clinical and procedural variables associated with increased bleeding complications in the EPIC trial. Methods and Results Patients with high-risk clinical or lesion morphological characteristics were randomized to receive placebo bolus plus placebo infusion, c7E3 Fab bolus plus placebo infusion, or c7E3 Fab bolus plus c7E3 Fab infusion. Patients received periprocedural aspirin and intravenous heparin continued for a minimum of 12 hours after the procedure. Outcomes reflecting bleeding complications were measured: transfusions, decreased hemoglobin, and an index including both parameters. Major bleeding complications unrelated to bypass surgery occurred in 3.3%, 8.6%, and 10.6%, and blood product transfusions were used in 7.5%, 14.0%, and 16.8% of patients treated with placebo, bolus c7E3 Fab, and bolus plus infusion c7E3 Fab, respectively (both P &lt;.001). Most major bleeding complications occurred at the femoral access site, regardless of treatment. Intracranial hemorrhage (0.3%) and death (0.09%) attributable to major bleeding complications were rare. Multivariable regression analyses identified several variables significantly and independently related to major bleeding complications or greater blood loss, including greater age, female sex, lower weight, c7E3 Fab therapy, and duration and complexity of the index procedure. Major bleeding complications and blood loss in patients receiving bolus plus infusion were not significantly greater than in those receiving bolus alone ( P =.38 and P =.14, respectively). Conclusions Bleeding complications unrelated to bypass surgery were two to three times more frequent in patients receiving c7E3 Fab than in those receiving placebo, but most were transient and well tolerated. Risk-factor analysis and modification of concomitant antithrombotic and antiplatelet treatment strategies may aid in reducing bleeding complications and enhancing clinical benefit in patients receiving c7E3 Fab during percutaneous coronary revascularization.
SSRI use during pregnancy is associated with fetal abnormalities
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Women who take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during early pregnancy may increase the risk of having a child with a congenital malformation, a new study reports. However, the researchers say that it is not clear whether the increased risk is due to the drugs themselves or to other factors related to the women's underlying disease.

The research, which was published online ahead of print publication in Epidemiology on 4 October, showed that women who took an SSRI during the second or third month of pregnancy had nearly twice the risk of having children with congenital malformations as …
Roentgenograms of head injuries
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diaphragmatic Flutter Associated with Rheumatic Heart Disease
Authors: William Dressler
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN THE PAST 10 YEARS, four consecutive cases of diaphragmatic flutter which were observed in the Maimonides Hospital were associated with rheumatic heart disease. Two of the cases were reported in 1954<sup>1</sup>; two others which were observed recently are the subject of this report. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> A 51-year-old male was admitted on Nov 9, 1962, because of fever, weakness, and palpitation. He gave no history of rheumatic fever or chorea, but said that a heart murmur had been noticed at an early age. Rheumatic heart disease with aortic regurgitation and stenosis had been diagnosed. For the past 20 years the patient had suffered attacks of paroxysmal tachycardia which were usually terminated by pressure on the carotid sinus. He also had experienced prolonged episodes of "hiccoughs" for more than 20 years. These episodes became more frequent and prolonged 2 years ago when the patient became impotent. "Hiccoughing"
Colorectal visceral perception in diverticular disease
Authors: C H M Clemens
Journal: Gut (2004)

<b>Background and aims:</b> The pathogenesis of asymptomatic diverticular disease (ADD) and symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) has not been elucidated. The aim of our study was to assess whether altered visceral perception or abnormal compliance of the colorectal wall play a role in these clinical entities. <b>Methods:</b> Ten ADD patients, 11 SUDD patients, and nine healthy controls were studied. Using a dual barostat device, sensations were scored and compliance curves obtained using stepwise intermittent isobaric distensions of the rectum and sigmoid, before and after a liquid meal. In addition, the colonic response to eating was assessed by monitoring the volumes of both barostat bags at operating pressure before and after the meal. <b>Results:</b> In the rectum, perception was increased in the SUDD group compared with controls (p = 0.010) and the ADD group (p = 0.030). Rectal compliance curves were not different between the groups. In the sigmoid colon, perception in the pre- and postprandial periods was increased in SUDD compared with controls (p = 0.018) but not when compared with ADD. Sigmoid volume-pressure curves had comparable slopes (compliance) in all groups but were shifted downwards in SUDD compared with ADD in the preprandial period (p = 0.026). The colonic response to eating (decrease in intrabag volume) was similar in all three groups, both in the rectum and sigmoid. <b>Conclusion:</b> Symptomatic but not asymptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease is associated with heightened perception of distension, not only in the diverticula bearing sigmoid, but also in the unaffected rectum. This hyperperception is not due to altered wall compliance.
From the Life of Julius Bettinger, the Anonymous Palatinate
Authors: Mark Bernhardt
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

In 1855, a paper was delivered to the Medical Society of the Palatinate.* The author of this controversial report, which claimed that secondary syphilis was contagious, chose to remain anonymous. Why he did so can be summed up in 2 words: Philippe Ricord.
Effect of an inhaled antihistamine (clemastine) as a bronchodilator and as a maintenance treatment in asthma.
Authors: M R Partridge, K B Saunders
Journal: Thorax (1979)

Although intravenous chlorpheniramine can cause bronchodilatation, oral and parenteral antihistamines have not proved useful in treating asthma. Inhaled antihistamines may cause throat irritation, but a recent study of the antihistamine, clemastine, showed it to be an effective bronchodilator without irritant effects. We have extended these studies to determine the site of action of inhaled clemastine and to assess its potential usefulness both as a bronchodilator and as a maintenance treatment. Eleven stable asthmatic patients received inhaled clemastine and placebo and the effect was assessed by serial maximum expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves breathing air and a helium/oxygen (He/O2) mixture. There was no significant improvement in peak flow rates during air breathing after clemastine and no significant difference between the responses to drug and placebo. Minor but significant changes were seen in some flow measurements on the downslope of the MEFV curve during air and He/O2 breathing, and these are tentatively ascribed to a dilating effect of clemastine on peripheral airways where flow is laminar. Subsequent administration of inhaled isoprenaline showed the patients to be still capable of significant bronchodilatation. The addition of clemastine, from a pressurised aerosol, to the patients9 therapeutic regimen for two weeks was no more effective than placebo in controlling airflow obstruction, and did not reduce the need for standard bronchodilators. In our patients clemastine was not a clinically useful bronchodilator either acutely or as a maintenance treatment for asthma.
Sympathetic Nervous System and Aging in Man
Authors: JOHN W. ROWE, BRUCE R. TROEN
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1980)

ENDOCRINE and neuroendocrine systems have long held the fascination of gerontologists, since alterations in these integrative networks might underlie either the aging process itself or the clear-cut clinical manifestations of altered homeostasis in old age. With the exception of obvious changes in female reproductive endocrinology, most investigations of endocrine systems in man, including studies of pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreatic, and adrenal cortical function, have failed to show a major effect of aging on basal hormone levels and have displayed only modest changes in these systems as a result of stress (1). An exception to this generalization may be found in the age-related declines in renin and aldosterone (2, 3), changes that are probably secondary to decline in renal mass. During the last several years, considerable attention has been focused on the possibility that changes in neurotransmitter systems in the central nervous system may either underlie aging or its manifestations. Although a large number of studies in man and other mammals have identified changes (generally decreases) in the central nervous system content of various neurotransmitters with advancing age, the marked variability between specific brain regions and specific neurotransmitter systems and the interspecies differences have retarded development of a uniform view of changes in brain neurotransmitter function with age (4).
The relationship of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate to inflammatory cytokines and survival in patients with chronic heart failure treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Authors: Rakesh Sharma, Mathias Rauchhaus, Piotr P Ponikowski, Susan Varney, Philip A Poole-Wilson, Douglas L Mann, Andrew J.S Coats, Stefan D Anker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Endoscopic Results in Five Patients with Crohn's Disease of the Esophagus
Authors: H. Huchzermeyer, F. Paul, E. Seifert, H. Fröhlich, Ch. Rasmussen
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

In our experience with five cases of Crohn's disease of the esophagus, the endoscopic appearance has been demonstrated. Corresponding to the basic pathological changes, the findings are very different, but two stages may be differentiated: Stage I in which inflammatory changes predominate as a mild or more often erosive-ulcerative esophagitis. Stage II is a stenosing form similar to a peptic stenosis or to a stenosing tumor. The morphological changes are predominantly limited to the lower part of the esophagus with a tendency to extend to the proximal regions. The diagnosis may be established endoscopically only in special cases with shallow ulcérations within a normal mucosa or with cobble-stone relief which is usually seen in the colon. In all other cases, a specific macroscopical appearance of Crohn's disease of the esophagus does not exist and no specific differentiation is possible from other forms of esophagitis. Only by a combination of endoscopy, radiology and histology can the diagnosis be suspected. Guided biopsies are not able to confirm the diagnosis histologically. The exact diagnosis of Crohn's disease of the esophagus is only possible by histological examination of the resected esophagus.
Purification and partial characterization of the major allergen, Cav p 1, from guinea pig <i>Cavia porcellus</i>
Authors: B. Fahlbusch, O. Rudeschko, U. Szilagyi, B. Schlott, M. Henzgen, G. Schlenvoigt, H. Schubert
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Allergic reaction to guinea pig has been recognized as a problem in domestic settings and work environments for many years. Until recently, limited information was available on the properties of guinea pig allergen(s). In this study the major allergen Cav p 1 was characterized and the N ‐terminal amino‐acid sequence was determined. Methods and results: Sera from 40 patients with IgE‐mediated allergy to guinea pigs were investigated by means of immunoblotting using extracts prepared from guinea pig hair and urine. Three major allergens were identified within both sources with molecular weights (MW) of 8 kDa, 17 kDa and 20 kDa, respectively. From aqueous hair extracts the 20 kDa allergen (Cav p 1) was purified to homogeneity by anion exchange chromatography and reverse‐phase HPLC and the N ‐terminal amino‐acid sequence was determined. On the basis of the 15 residues, 57% identity was obtained from computer search with a sub‐sequence of MUP (major urinary protein), a member of the lipocalin superfamily. Allergenic relationships among guinea pig allergens derived from various sources (hair and urine) or different animal species (mouse, rat, cat) were studied by ELISA inhibition assays. Neither urine of mouse, rat and cat, nor hair extracts of rat and cat produced appreciable inhibitions in guinea pig ELISA. Conclusion Although the physicochemical characteristics of isolated Cav p 1 are very similar to those for other rodent allergens and furthermore partial sequence identity with Mus m 1 was found, it is clearly shown here to be an immunologically independent major allergen.
Diagnosis of unexplained injuries in children.
Authors: A C Lamont, I D Young, R S Shannon
Journal: BMJ (1991)

services authority because she believed that I should provide the "morning after pill" under my agreement to provide contraceptive services to her.It was only at the informal complaints procedure that the subject was clarified, and no further action was taken.I was advised, however, that I should give patients specific instructions on where to obtain a second opinion and therefore the drugs they demand, the analogy being that I should instruct someone with an injury how
THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO COLD UPON EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Authors: James Alexander Miller, Willis C. Noble
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

1. Respiratory infection of rabbits with Bacillus bovisepticus (snuffles) is favored by chilling the animals after they have been accustomed to heat. 2. The character of this disease, which occurs frequently in rabbits under natural conditions, makes the application of the experimental results to similar respiratory conditions in man less open to objection than in similar experiments with other infections. 3. The weight of experimental evidence, including our own, does not justify the elimination of exposure to cold as a possible though secondary factor in the incidence of acute respiratory disease. 4. From the limited data of our last two experiments it is suggested that any marked change of temperature predisposes rabbits to this infection, the severity of which varies with the amount of change, and that a change from low to high temperature has an even more marked effect than that from high to low.
A microbiota signature associated with experimental food allergy promotes allergic sensitization and anaphylaxis
Authors: Magali Noval Rivas, Oliver T. Burton, Petra Wise, Yu-qian Zhang, Suejy A. Hobson, Maria Garcia Lloret, Christel Chehoud, Justin Kuczynski, Todd DeSantis, Janet Warrington, Embriette R. Hyde, Joseph F. Petrosino, Georg K. Gerber, Lynn Bry, Hans C. Oettgen, Sarkis K. Mazmanian, Talal A. Chatila
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
STANDARDIZATION OF ANTIMENINGOCOCCIC SERUM
Authors: Harold L. Amoss, Penelope Marsh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1918)

Experiments were made for the purpose of testing the reaction of protection against infection as a measure of potency of antimeningococcic serum. The results of the experiments were extremely variable and bore no relation to the quality of the sera as determined by the period of immunization of the horses from which they were obtained, or the indications of efficiency based upon their employment in human cases of epidemic meningitis. The results also failed entirely to conform to the agglutination titer of the sera tested and to be affected by the different type forms of the meningococci. We regard the protective power for laboratory animals of the antimeningococcic serum as an unsuitable index of its value in human medicine and as inferior to the agglutination titer as a standard of potency.
Three into five won't go.
Authors: T B Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

new concepts added, and ancient material removed. Few editors revise the text for words such as brain, even when the definition is erroneous. They are too busy inserting the latest words and are inefficient in removing the barnacles. The supplements of the Oxford English Dictionary do not correct errors in the d?finition of brain, but add compound words such as brainstorm, and electronic brain (an unsuccessful description of the computer). The definition of brain in Dorland was incorrect and unchanged from 1917 to 1981. The improved version still defined a dead brain.
Endoscopic Incision as an Alternative to Bougienage in the Treatment of Peptic Esophageal Stricture
Authors: M. Moretó, M. Zaballa, Silvia Ibáñez
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

With the aim of suggesting incision of peptic esophageal strictures, as an alternative to bougienage, we report the results of the first 20 patients so treated.
Emergency Operation on Patient under A.C.T.H. and Cortisone Therapy
Authors: A. Beck
Journal: BMJ (1952)

POSTERIOR FOSSA infratentorial tumours in which homolateral pyramidal signs occurred and definite cerebellar signs were lacking.The practical implications of the syndrome are indicated.The association of increased intracranial pressure with mild pyramidal signs, without other localizing evidence, should lead to ventriculography rather than to angiography, unless electroencephalography shows a definite focus of delta activity in one cerebral hemisphere.
The effect of sodium taurocholate on the hepatic metabolism of sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP). The role of bile flow
Authors: J. L. Boyer, R. L. Scheig, G. Klatskin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The influence of bile salts on the hepatic metabolism of sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP) was studied in the perfused rat liver. During sodium taurocholate infusions, hepatic uptake of BSP from plasma was increased and appeared to be related to an enhanced transit of BSP from liver into bile. BSP-glutathione conjugation was not affected by the bile salt infusions, although bile salts inhibited the enzyme system in vitro. The major effect of bile salts was to increase the BSP transport maximum (Tm). When sodium taurocholate was infused in saline at a rate of 30 mumoles/hr, both bile flow and the BSP Tm increased, and remained at peak levels of 1.5 +/-0.12 mul/min per g liver and 21 +/-3.0 mug/min per g liver, respectively. In contrast, during saline infusion alone both levels were significantly lower (1.06 +/-0.17 mul/min per g liver and 15.8 +/-4.16 mug/min per g liver, respectively), and both fell progressively after the 2nd hr of perfusion. This decline in bile flow and BSP Tm was associated with a decrease in biliary bile salt excretion and was reversed by adding bile salts to the perfusate. Since the biliary concentration of BSP remained within a narrow range in all experiments, the BSP Tm was primarily determined by the rate of bile flow. Dependence of BSP Tm on the rate of bile production was further confirmed by changing the temperature of the perfusate during a constant infusion of taurocholate. BSP Tm paralleled temperature-induced changes in bile flow irrespective of changes in the level of bile salt excretion. Since the biliary concentration of BSP remained within a narrow range in all experiments, the concentrating capacity for BSP in bile may be the major limiting factor in BSP transport. Thus two independent factors appear to determine the BSP Tm: the bile BSP concentration, and the rate of bile production. Because taurocholate enhanced BSP transport only when it increased bile production, its effect on the BSP Tm appears to be attributable to its choleretic properties.