tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment: A Guide for Physicians and Other Health Professionals
Authors: Douglas E. Tucker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings1 October 1998Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment: A Guide for Physicians and Other Health ProfessionalsDouglas E. Tucker, MDDouglas E. Tucker, MDRush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IllinoisSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment: A Guide for Physicians and Other Health Professionals; Grisso T, Appelbaum PS. 211 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 1998. $29.95. ISBN 0195103726. Order phone 800-451-7556.Field of medicine: Psychiatry and medical ethics.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: All clinicians, especially those in critical care medicine, geriatrics, and mental health.Purpose: To provide clinicians with a practical, user-friendly guide to the assessment of competence of patients with regard to consent to treatment.Content: This book covers the concept of competence and its place in the doctrine of informed consent, the circumstances in which the issue ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 7Page: 595-596KeywordsCritical careGeriatricsInformation technologyMedical ethicsPsychiatry and mental health Issue Published: 1 October 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Needle Biopsy in Differential Diagnosis of Acute Liver Disease
Authors: Hugh A. Edmondson
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A cute liver disease may be defined as any one of several clinicopathological entities that makes itself known by the sudden onset of jaundice in a previously symptomless patient. Fever, hepatomegaly, and liver tenderness are common but not always present. Acute disease in which the patient is anicteric is not often brought to the attention of the surgical pathologist. Patients with chronic liver disease who become acutely jaundiced form another important group and often it is the jaundice that brings them to the clinician for the first time. The problem in differential diagnosis may be most difficult in patients with acute liver disease, and sometimes cannot be solved by a careful history, physical examination, or extensive laboratory tests. Clinicians believe that further valuable information may be obtained in many patients by the use of a needle biopsy of the liver. Even when the correct diagnosis is suspected, a needle biopsy
Pyogenic granuloma within unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia
Authors: J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, I. Thibaut, J-L. Bonafe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Pyogenic granuloma within unilateral dermatomal superficial telangiectasia Get access J. Mazereeuw‐Hautier, J. Mazereeuw‐Hautier Department of Dermatology, Rangueil Hospital, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31403 Toulouse cedex 4, France. E‐mail: mazereeuw‐hautier.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Thibaut, I. Thibaut Department of Dermatology, Rangueil Hospital, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31403 Toulouse cedex 4, France. E‐mail: mazereeuw‐hautier.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J‐L. Bonafé J‐L. Bonafé Department of Dermatology, Rangueil Hospital, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31403 Toulouse cedex 4, France. E‐mail: mazereeuw‐hautier.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 4, 1 April 2003, Pages 823–824, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05195.x Published: 01 April 2003
Cartilage collagens: strategies for the study of their organisation and expression in the extracellular matrix.
Authors: J T Thomas, S Ayad, M E Grant
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

<h3>Objective</h3> In this pilot study, the effect of sildenafil on digital ulcer (DU) healing and related clinical symptoms was analysed. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 19 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) were treated with maximally tolerated sildenafil doses up to 6 months. Primary outcome was the healing of DUs. Changes in other clinical symptoms were also evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> In all, 49 DUs were present at baseline; this decreased to 17 ulcers (p&lt;0.001) at the end of sildenafil treatment. Furthermore, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for Raynaud9s phenomenon (RP), pain and activity improved (p=0.003, p=0.002 and p=0.05, respectively). A total of 9 patients developed 12 new DUs during sildenafil treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study indicates an effect of sildenafil on DU healing in patients with SSc and an improvement of RP and associated symptoms that should be validated in controlled studies.
Potential importance of tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in preventing neointima formation.
Authors: H Rakugi, D S Wang, V J Dzau, R E Pratt
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces vascular smooth muscle cell migration and growth in vitro and induces DNA synthesis in vascular smooth muscle in vivo. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in many experimental models of restenosis. However, recent clinical trials (MERCATOR and MARCATOR) reported that treatment with low (antihypertensive) doses of an ACE inhibitor (cilazapril) failed to prevent restenosis. Because ACE activity is induced in the neointima after injury, we hypothesize that the inhibition of neointimal development may be dependent on the suppression of tissue ACE activity, which in turn is dependent on the dose of the ACE inhibitor. METHODS AND RESULTS To test this hypothesis, we treated rats with increasing doses of an ACE inhibitor, quinapril, before injury of the carotid artery. Blood pressure, serum and tissue ACE activity, and neointimal area were measured. The results demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition by quinapril of serum and tissue ACE activities and neointima formation. However, the IC50s for blood pressure reduction and serum ACE inhibition were significantly lower than that observed for the suppression of neointima formation. The degree of neointimal formation showed a better correlation with residual tissue ACE than with serum ACE or blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate a dissociation of the ability of an ACE inhibitor to decrease blood pressure and inhibit circulating ACE activity from its ability to inhibit tissue ACE activity. These results suggest that the need for a higher dose of an ACE inhibitor for the inhibition of neointima formation may be due to the relative difficulty in inhibiting tissue ACE activity.
261 FARNESOID X RECEPTOR-MEDIATED REGULATION OF THE HUMAN UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE 1A3 AND MODULATION BY URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID
Authors: T.J. Erichsen, A. Aehlen, U. Ehmer, T.O. Lankisch, M.P. Manns, C.P. Strassburg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Andrew S. Levey, Tom Greene
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters19 October 1999Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration RateAndrew S. Levey, MD and Tom Greene, PhDAndrew S. Levey, MDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Levey)Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Cleveland, OH 44195 (Greene)Search for more papers by this author and Tom Greene, PhDNew England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Levey)Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Cleveland, OH 44195 (Greene)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-8-199910190-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Matz that our equation is more complicated than the Cockcroft-Gault equation. We had suggested that clinical laboratories collect information on age, sex, and race and perform the computations and report predicted GFR in addition to serum creatinine, albumin, and blood urea nitrogen levels. Alternatively, the prediction equation can be programmed into hand-held calculators or computers, which are now widely used by physicians.We thank Dr. Goldwasser for mentioning studies that document the higher creatinine excretion rate in black persons than in white persons. Analyses of factors associated with changes in creatinine excretion during the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Andrew S. Levey, MD; Tom Greene, PhDAffiliations: New England Medical Center; Boston, MA 02111 (Levey)Cleveland Clinic Foundation; Cleveland, OH 44195 (Greene) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA More Accurate Method To Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Creatinine: A New Prediction Equation Andrew S. Levey , Juan P. Bosch , Julia Breyer Lewis , Tom Greene , Nancy Rogers , David Roth , and Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Robert Matz Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Philip Goldwasser Prediction Equation for Glomerular Filtration Rate Yuichi Ando and Yoshinori Hasegawa Metrics 19 October 1999Volume 131, Issue 8Page: 630KeywordsCreatinineEnzyme assaysExcretionFactor analysisGlomerular filtration rateRacial and ethnic issuesRenal analysisRenal diseasesSerum albuminSoftware tools ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 19 October 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Points: Origin of the medical symbol of the rod and serpents
Authors: D A Dyson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

December, p 1617) of a patient in whom atenolol treatment apparently precipitated renal artery thrombosis.Recent reports suggest that the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril may cause the same complication in patients with pre-existing renal artery stenosis.Oelkers' has described two patients with renovascular hypertension who developed renal artery occlusion during treatment with captopril, and, according to Hollenberg,' about 10% of patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis of the artery to a solitary kidney developed rapidly progressive renal failure during the first few weeks of treatment with captopril.Half of these patients recovered renal function with a reduction in dosage of captopril.No details of the remaining patients were given, but one might speculate that some or all of them may also have developed renal artery thrombosis.
Landlord-Supervised Cooperative Apartments: A New Modality for Community-Based Treatment
Authors: CHING-PIAO CHIEN, JONATHAN O. COLE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

A landlord-supervised cooperative apartment program—a new type of community residential treatment modality—was developed through the collaborative effort of a state mental hospital, the Massachusetts Department of Public Welfare, and citizens as landlords. The authors make a number of comparisons between this modality and more conventional facilities such as halfway houses, family care homes, nursing or rest homes, and independent apartments or rooming houses. They conclude that in a community such as the one described this modality appears to be financially and logistically superior to the others.
Abstract 5382: Vascular endotelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta are enhanced in plasma of breast cancer patients resistant to endocrine therapy
Authors: Eva Zavadova, Bohuslav Konopásek, Michal Vocka, Terezie Fucikova, Luboš Petruzelka
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Although more than 2/3 of treated patients respond to the endocrine therapy, most patients with metastatic breast cancer will develop resistance. Estrogen modulate angiogenesis, in part, through the effects on VEGF. It appears that other factor contributing to the resistance may be a transforming factor-beta (TGF-beta). It is highly immunosuppressive factor that inhibits the natural and specific immunity against tumors and stimulates production of vascular endotelial growth factor /VEGF. Defects in the immune response correlated with poor prognosis and therefore in recent years, research focused on a precise description of the status and function of the immune system and its possible effect in cancer patients. The purpose of the study was to monitor immune responses in patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer resistant to hormone therapy, particularly the examination of cellular (CD4, CD8, HLA-DR) as well as humoral immunity. TGF beta, and VEGF production was monitored and we analyzed the changes during hormonal treatment. Methods: 60 patients included in the research project were implemented routine cancer teratment with hormonal therapy. Basic parameters (histological type and grade, the degree of expression of ER and PR, HER2, and the proliferative marker) were established. Patients were evaluated by a cancer clinical immunologist to exclude immune disorders, allergic or autoimmune origin. TGF beta, VEGF were mesured by ELISA and anti-tumor cellular immunity (CD4, CD8, antigen presenting cells) will be measured by flow cytometry. Results In patients with resistance to hormone therapy mainly depression in cellular immunity was found.Immunglobulin plasma level was dicreased as well (mainly IgG4 subtype). Most patients have shown clinical symptoms of immunodeficiency (frequent infections of respiratory or urinary tract, herpetic infections) TGF beta as well as VEGF plasma level were increased. Significant increase of autoantibodies production was found, particulary in those, involved into blood coagulacion process/anti phospholipide and anti cardiolipin autoantibodies. Conclusion Correlation of these factors with resistance to hormonal therapy, and the state of anticancer immunity could help in the future with the the prediction of resistance to hotmonal therapy and contribute to the selection of targeted immune therapy in cancer patients. Dedication: This project was supported by grant IGA NT11168-3/2010 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5382. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5382
Regulation of the interaction of purified human erythrocyte AMP deaminase and the human erythrocyte membrane.
Authors: G M Pipoly, G R Nathans, D Chang, T F Deuel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The binding of purified human erythrocyte AMP deaminase to human erythrocyte membranes and the effect of binding on enzyme catalytic activity was investigated. AMP deaminase binds preferentially and specifically to the cytoplasmic surface of the erythrocyte membrane. The binding is saturable, reversible, and responsive to alterations of pH, of ionic strength, and of ATP and AMP concentrations. A limited number (approximately equal to 2.2 X 10(4) per erythrocyte) of apparently homogeneous high affinity (Ka approximately equal to 2.6 X 10(7) M-1) binding sites is present. The stability of purified and endogenously bound AMP deaminase is markedly improved by the interaction with the membrane, whereas the catalytic activity of AMP deaminase is sharply reduced. AMP deaminase displaces membrane bound glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in roughly a dose-response manner. No evidence for binding of AMP deaminase to spectrin or band 3 (the G3PD binding protein) was found in sucrose gradients, however. The interaction of AMP deaminase with the erythrocyte membrane may play an important role in the regulation of cellular adenine nucleotide metabolism.
Abstract 1383: The effect of a novel angiogenesis inhibitor (TM) on the efficacy of HSV-1 oncolytic virus
Authors: Azeem Kaka, Jason C. Pradarelli, Christopher Alvarez-Breckenridge, Ji Young Yoo, Quintin Pan, E. Antonio Chiocca, Matthew Old, Ted Teknos, Balveen Kaur
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are modified viruses specifically designed to lyse cancerous cells while leaving surrounding tissue intact. Solid tumors such as glioma represent an excellent candidate for this novel cancer therapy. We are investigating barriers towards oncolytic viral therapy in vivo. The tumor microenvironment plays an inhibitory role in viral propagation and spread. In particular, the angiogenic and inflammatory response that follows OV inoculation have been demonstrated to significantly limit OV efficacy. The goal of our current project is to determine if the novel copper-chelating angiostatic/anti-inflammatory drug, tetrathiomolybdate (TM), represents a potential co-therapy that can be used in conjunction with OV to enhance overall efficacy in a glioma model. Based on previous findings from our laboratory, the anti-cancerous effects of oncolytic viruses can be significantly increased by pre-treatment with an angiostatic agent. Apart from supporting angiogenesis, copper found in serum has also been shown to inhibit wild-type HSV infection and replication. Due it its copper chelating properties, TM has been FDA approved for Wilson's disease and is currently under clinical investigation for efficacy as an angiostatic and antineoplastic agent. Here we tested if copper can inhibit OV mediated glioma cell killing. 1): We found a significant and dose dependant inhibitory effect of copper on the cytotoxic ability of OV against multiple glioma and head and neck SCC cells. 2): The inhibitory effects of copper were apparent even at physiologically relevant concentrations of copper (1 mg/L in serum). 3): Further we found that Cu mediated inhibition of OV killing of glioma cell could be rescued by TM mediated copper chelation. 4): Finally we have tested that TM does not interfere with viral replication or tumor cell killing properties in vitro. Given the potential angiostatic and anti-inflammatory properties of TM, these studies support further in vivo testing of TM in conjunction with oncolytic viral therapy. 5): We are currently testing therapeutic efficacy of combining TM and OV for anti-glioma efficacy in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1383.
Wheels within Wheels: Clues to the Evolution of the Gnas and Gnal Loci
Authors: S. Wadhawan, B. Dickins, A. Nekrutenko
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2008)

The Gnas and Gnal loci, which encode the α subunits of stimulatory G-proteins, are among the most complex eukaryotic genes. They combine elaborate patterns of imprinting, alternative splicing, and antisense transcription with tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression. Different regions of these genes evolve at drastically different rates such that some show complete conservation, whereas others are virtually unalignable. Yet, the most unusual feature of the Gnas/Gnal complex is the presence of the longest known overlap between coding regions resulting in the production of two unrelated proteins: XLαs and its putative regulator ALEX. Here we elucidate the evolutionary history of both loci and uncover new complexities. First, alternatively spliced regions of both loci evolve under varying selective regimes echoing their distinct biological roles. Second, an enigmatic alternative transcript of the Gnas locus, known as Nesp, is likely bicistronic. Third, rodent XLαs and ALEX follow an evolutionary trajectory distinct from that of other mammals and show extensive sequence variation in the internal repeat region, a fact that might be explained by variation in the robustness of imprinting. Fourth, we show that the overlap between the XLαs and ALEX frames is restricted to eutherian mammals. Finally, we reconcile our findings with extensive physiological data derived from animal models.
What Is an Academic General Internist?
Authors: Wendy Levinson, Mark Linzer
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Academic divisions of general internal medicine have developed and flourished in the last 2 decades. Young faculty can join these divisions in 1 of 3 possible career paths: clinical educator, clinical researcher, and, most recently, the "hospitalist." This article describes the typical job description, training pathway, and rewards and challenges for each path for students and residents considering a career in academic general internal medicine.
ABC of Atrial Fibrillation: HISTORY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND IMPORTANCE OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: G. Y H Lip, D G. Beevers
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Presenting symptoms in emergency admissions with atrial fibrillationDyspnoea-52% Chest pain-34% Palpitation-26% Dizziness or syncope-19% A brief historyAtrial fibrillation is the commonest sustained disorder of cardiac rhythm.When it is present many prognostic and therapeutic implications exist as overall morbidity and mortality increase appreciably.Despite this, atrial fibrillation is sometimes regarded as a fairly trivial and unimportant disorder and is often neglected, probably because many patients have few symptoms.In fact, some patients with chronic atrial fibrillation may require long term treatment with potent antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant drugs, which may have important pharmacological interactions and adverse effects.In addition, treatment differs importantly for chronic and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and the other supraventricular arrhythmias.Atrial fibrillation is encountered in many clinical settings.It may, for example, be discovered incidentally in an asymptomatic patient, develop in a patient who merely has a chest infection, or be found in a patient with a ventricular rate of 200 beats/min who is too lightheaded to stand up.Patients admitted with atrial fibrillation may have many cardiorespiratory symptoms and clinical features, including syncope and stroke.