tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mast cells and histamine contribute to bile acid-stimulated secretion in the mouse colon.
Authors: C M Gelbmann, C D Schteingart, S M Thompson, A F Hofmann, K E Barrett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Certain dihydroxy bile acids cause secretory diarrhea when present in the colonic lumen at inappropriately high concentrations. However, the mechanism underlying the secretagogue activity has not been fully elucidated. Experiments were performed to test whether mast cells and one of their major mediators, histamine, might contribute to the secretory effect. Chenodeoxycholic acid, a secretory bile acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid, a nonsecretory, hydrophilic bile acid, were compared for their ability to induce chloride secretion across segments of mouse colon mounted in Ussing chambers. Chenodeoxycholic acid, but not ursodeoxycholic acid, induced dose-dependent, biphasic chloride secretion that was greater after serosal than mucosal addition and was greater in distal versus proximal colonic segments. The secretory effect of chenodeoxycholic acid was inhibited by H1 histamine receptor antagonists and modified by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. However, it was unaffected by an H2 histamine receptor antagonist or by atropine. Secretory effects of chenodeoxycholic acid were diminished in magnitude and delayed in colonic tissues from mice with a genetic deficiency of tissue mast cells. Concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid inducing secretion also released histamine from tissue segments. These data indicate that mast cells and histamine-mediated processes contribute significantly to the secretory effects of dihydroxy bile acids in the murine colon.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Mitral Prosthesis
Authors: Marco Barbanti, Gian Paolo Ussia, Azeem Latib, Federico De Marco, Claudia Fiorina, Gennaro Santoro, Francesco Bedogni, Antonio Colombo, Giuseppe Bruschi, Federica Ettori, Cecilia Agostini, Nedy Brambilla, Anna Sonia Petronio, Giuseppe Tarantini, Massimo Napodano, Marco De Carlo, Pierpaolo Confessore, Corrado Tamburino
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The role of human papillomavirus in nongenital cancers
Authors: Dan P. Zandberg, Ranjana Bhargava, Simon Badin, Kevin J. Cullen
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2012)

Abstract Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, has an established role in the pathogenesis of genital malignancies such as cervical cancer. The virus has also been implicated in the oncogenesis of nongenital cancers including head and neck malignancies (specifically oropharyngeal cancers) as well as anal cancer. There is less clarity regarding its role in lung and esophageal cancers. Worldwide, the incidence and prevalence of HPV‐associated oropharyngeal cancer has been increasing over time. These patients have improved outcomes compared with those with HPV‐negative oropharyngeal cancers, and there is continued interest in designing treatments specifically for this HPV‐positive subgroup. Clinicians continue to gain an understanding of HPV in anal cancers and the risk factors associated with infection and progression to malignancy. This has potential implications for the eventual screening of high‐risk groups. While HPV vaccination is currently approved for the prevention of cervical cancer, it also has potential in the prevention of all HPV‐associated malignancies. In this review, current understanding of the role of HPV in nongenital cancers is discussed, as well as future implications for treatment and prevention. CA Cancer J Clin 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Holes in the heart
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Every Saturday our local newspapers publish a column on “What happened on your favourite soaps,” which includes the week's most exciting medical events. A sample might read as follows: Keisha and David put aside their differences to save Eve, who was found to have a hole in her heart and possibly a lethal virus. Miranda, who occupied the next bed, fled from the hospital in the middle of the night. Brandon used Reva's blood for DNA testing and was stunned …
Case of Serious Haemorrhage from the Cavity of the Tympanum in an Infant (Otitis Media Haemorrhagica)
Authors: T. Barr
Journal: BMJ (1888)

Bramwell, ---J. (.-was a meiubtr of the Forth Bridge Workmen's Club, in virtue of whichl he was entitled to medical advice ait auv time.Up to the (late on which hie met with the accident to his eve I had not been asked to see him professionally.Indeed, I dum nOt aware that hie was on any occasion absent
Court awards damages to disabled child for having been born
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

For the first time in the Netherlands, a court has awarded damages to a severely disabled girl for the fact that she was born—a so called “wrongful life” judgment.

The case of 9 year old Kelly Molenaar has led MPs to call for the Netherlands to follow France and ban damage claims for wrongful life. Doctors fear the judgment could lead to a sharp increase in defensive prenatal testing.

A court in The Hague heard how Kelly's parents had informed a midwife at the Leiden University Medical …
Truncated mutant B subunit for factor XIII causes its deficiency due to impaired intracellular transportation
Authors: Shiori Koseki, Masayoshi Souri, Shinichiro Koga, Mitsunori Yamakawa, Tsutomu Shichishima, Yukio Maruyama, Fumio Yanai, Akitada Ichinose
Journal: Blood (2001)
Functional performance of human cardiosphere-derived cells delivered in an in situ polymerizable hyaluronan-gelatin hydrogel
Authors: Ke Cheng, Agnieszka Blusztajn, Deliang Shen, Tao-Sheng Li, Baiming Sun, Giselle Galang, Thomas I. Zarembinski, Glenn D. Prestwich, Eduardo Marbán, Rachel R. Smith, Linda Marbán
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Analysis of T cell responses in liver allograft recipients. Evidence for deletion of donor-specific cytotoxic T cells in the peripheral circulation.
Authors: J M Mathew, J W Marsh, B Susskind, T Mohanakumar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Analysis of cell-mediated lympholysis in long-term liver allograft recipients indicated that there was a donor-specific unresponsiveness that could not be reversed by the addition of rIL-2 and/or mixed lymphocyte culture supernatant or by nonspecific stimulation of the cultures with PHA. Stimulation of recipient cells with semisyngeneic cells having both donor and third-party HLA antigens failed to reveal the presence of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) specific to the donor, whereas the CTL response to third-party antigens remained normal. Removal of B lymphocytes from the responding cell population did not influence the responses. Furthermore, limiting dilution analysis showed that the liver transplant recipients did not have detectable levels of CTL precursors (CTLp) reactive to the donor antigens, whereas their CTLp to third-party antigens remained normal. Donor-specific CTLp were present before and during the early post-transplant period; these cells were eliminated from the peripheral circulation by 10 mo after transplantation. Taken together, these results indicate that there is a deletion of CTLp specific to donor MHC antigens in the peripheral circulation of long-term liver allograft recipients that may account in part for the success of liver transplantation across MHC barriers.
Health Care Reform: An American Imperative
Authors: Willis C. Maddrey, Rolf M. Gunnar, Paul F. Griner, James J. Bergin, Clifton R. Cleaveland, John R. Ball
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Editorials15 September 1992Health Care Reform: An American ImperativeWillis C. Maddrey, MD, Rolf M. Gunnar, MD, Paul F. Griner, MD, James J. Bergin, MD, Clifton R. Cleaveland, MD, John R. Ball, MD, JDWillis C. Maddrey, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Rolf M. Gunnar, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Paul F. Griner, MDSearch for more papers by this author, James J. Bergin, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Clifton R. Cleaveland, MDSearch for more papers by this author, John R. Ball, MD, JDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-6-528 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe little boy stood weeping on the cabin's front porch, one leg horribly charred. "Why didn't you take him to the doctor?" the equally young passerby asked. "Because we got no money," the little boy's mother replied. Later the passerby learned the boy had died.No one should go without medical care for lack of money. As physicians, we struggle daily against the chaos of illness and injury, whether in the context of clinical, laboratory, or administrative practice. We try our utmost to restore or to preserve health, yet the lack of access to care for many Americans increasingly frustrates...References1. . Universal insurance for American health care: a proposal of the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:511-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Access to health care. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:641-61. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Greenberger N, Davies N, Maynard E, Wallerstein R, Hildreth E, and Clever L. Universal access to health care in America: a moral and medical imperative. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:637-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Willis C. Maddrey, MD; Rolf M. Gunnar, MD; Paul F. Griner, MD; James J. Bergin, MD; Clifton R. Cleaveland, MD; John R. Ball, MD, JD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHistory of Research on Physical Activity and Health: Selected Topics, 1867 to the 1950sManaged Competition 15 September 1992Volume 117, Issue 6Page: 528-529KeywordsClinical laboratoriesHealth care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 September 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Mind Has No Sex? Women in the Origins of Modern Science
Authors: Sandra Beth Katz
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Londa Schiebinger's adventure in scholarly sleuthing discovers the hidden, finds the lost, and celebrates the forgotten women in medicine and science in Western Europe and America from the 16th through the 19th centuries. This important, intellectually powerful book is often very funny in relating historical reasons why there are so few women scientists. Seventeenth-century pundits, imitating Aristotle, asserted that women's brains were too cold and too soft to sustain rigorous thought. Some 18th-century theorists thought that female cranial cavities were too small to encompass powerful scientific brains. A common 19th-century belief was that vigorous exercise of a woman's brain shriveled her ovaries. And the great philosopher Hegel thought that women should study botany because the mind of a woman is as placid as a plant. Beyond comedic virtues, this book's true power lies in its revelation of women's scientific achievements and its recasting of the question at hand: why are
The major peanut allergen, Ara h 2, functions as a trypsin inhibitor, and roasting enhances this function
Authors: Soheila J. Maleki, Olga Viquez, Thomas Jacks, Hortense Dodo, Elaine T. Champagne, Si-Yin Chung, Samuel J. Landry
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Effect of restrictions on prescribing patterns for dextropropoxyphene.
Authors: G M Shenfield, A N Jones, J W Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Prescribing of compound analgesics containing dextropropoxyphene was limited to consultants only in a teaching hospital. Inpatient prescribing (mainly by junior staff) fell immediately to very low levels but outpatient prescribing (by consultants) fell more slowly to about one-third of the original level, suggesting that patients and doctors find dextropropoxyphene compounds useful. Prescriptions for paracetamol increased but so did those for other compound analgesics, particularly those containing high doses of codeine, indicating a belief that compound analgesics have a role in treatment. Restrictions may produce unexpected results and monitoring is essential, but the method of audit used by pharmacies is not suitable for detailed analysis.
Current Perspectives in Immunodermatology
Authors: Larry E. Millikan
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Dr MacKie has assembled an eminent list of authorities for this issue (No. 2) of<i>Contemporary Issues in Clinical Immunology and Allergy</i>. The references are remarkably up-to-date for this form of publication, and the authors of the sections are selected from obvious leaders in the field. This would be an extremely useful text for the bookshelf of the dermatologist, allergist, and generalist who has a particular interest in skin problems. For the generalist, several chapters provide an excellent preview of the diseases with many of the up-to-date findings, because they are written by those individuals actively working in the field. The sections on atopic eczema, drug eruptions, urticaria, bacterial exotoxin disease (toxic shock syndrome), and cutaneous drug eruptions would have particular usefulness for the generalist. For the dermatologist, the chapters covering immunobullous diseases, photoimmunology, T-cell lymphomas, and connective-tissue disease are particular highlights and, again, up-to-date by leaders in the field.
Clause 14(4)(9) of embryo bill should be amended or deleted
Authors: Steve Emery, Teresa Blankmeyer Burke, Anna Middleton, Rachel Belk, Graham Turner
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Amendments to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 are currently passing through the UK Houses of Parliament.1 Clause 14, section 4, number 9 (lines 23-30, page 10) says that people or embryos known to have a gene, chromosome, or mitochondrion abnormality that confers a significant risk of serious physical or mental disability, serious illness, or other serious medical condition must …
Psychophysiological Studies of Eating Disorders by Means of Visual Evoked Responses
Authors: Tetsuhiko Aono, Hisashi Kumashiro
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

The psychic conditions of 14 patients with eating disorders were examined psychophysiologically. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and vertex potentials (V-potentials) as visual evoked responses (VERs) were recorded simultaneously at rest and during hyperventilation. The correlation between manifest anxiety measured by the MAS test and the increased amplitudes of VERs during hyperventilation was examined. The results showed that the psychic conditions of the typical anorexia nervosa patients were similar to a state of alexithymia, as they showed less manifest anxiety. The amplitudes of the VEPs and V-potentials did not increase during hyperventilation as did those of hysteric and obsessive-compulsive neurotic patients. Psychic conditions of patients suffering from the other type of eating disorders were contrary to the former group, viz., they showed much manifest anxiety. The amplitudes of the VERs increased markedly during hyperventilation as did those of anxiety neurotic patients. Mechanisms of increased amplitudes during hyperventilation as well as the correlation between manifest anxiety and anorexia nervosa are discussed. In conclusion, we would suggest that the typical cases of anorexia nervosa can be classified as psychosomatic disease and the atypical cases and the other eating disorders as neuroses.
The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Importance of Plasma Volume in Hypertensive Patients.
Authors: Harriet P. Dustan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1971The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Importance of Plasma Volume in Hypertensive Patients.Harriet P. Dustan, M.D., F.A.C.P., Robert C. Tarazi, M.D.Harriet P. Dustan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Robert C. Tarazi, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-5-831_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn ongoing study of intravascular volume-arterial pressure relationships in hypertension has shown that plasma volume measurements (RISA method) provide important diagnostic and therapeutic guides. In untreated patients with essential hypertension, renovascular hypertension, and pheochromocytoma, plasma volume was diminished and, in men, inversely related to diastolic blood pressure. In contrast, in renal parenchymal disease, plasma volume was variable and directly related to diastolic blood pressure. With first-degree aldosteronism and in patients responding specifically to diuretics, plasma volume was either expanded or inappropriately normal for diastolic blood pressure. In considerations of therapy plasma volume measurements had unexpected value. Before treatment in a... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Harriet P. Dustan, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Robert C. Tarazi, M.D.Affiliations: Cleveland, Ohio. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypertension and Low Plasma Renin Activity: Presumptive Evidence for Mineralocorticoid ExcessRICHARD F. SPARK, M.D., F.A.C.P., JAMES C. MELBY, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 May 1971Volume 74, Issue 5Page: 831-831KeywordsBlood pressureDiureticsHypertensionPheochromocytomaPlasma volumeRenal diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
One World: The Health and Survival of the Human Species in the 21st Century
Authors: E. Boostrom
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Ed Robert Lanza Health Press, $25, pp 300 ISBN 0 929173 16 3

In One World Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Jimmy Carter, Carl Sagan, C Everett Koop, and 40 more of the world's most influential political, multinational agency, and health sector leaders each contribute a brief essay expressing their thoughts on the health and survival of the human species in the 21st century.

Although the collection reflects the diverse backgrounds and experiences of the contributors, all share a concern that the future of our species is far from secure. Most of the essays recognise evidence of stressed and sometimes failing systems, evidence sufficient to make one wonder if we might be …
Rich nations are not giving enough for development goals to be met, says UN
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Rich donor nations are not providing enough aid to enable developing countries to meet the millennium development goals set by the United Nations for 2015, the latest UN assessment report says.

“We have been moving too slowly to meet our goals,” said the UN secretary general, Ban Ki-moon. “Yet the report shows that when we have the right policies, backed by adequate funding and strong political commitment, actions can yield results.”

Mr Ban told ministers and senior officials attending a high level meeting of the UN economic and social council in Geneva on Monday 6 July that failure to achieve deals in delivering aid, coupled with the financial crisis …
Abstract P5-03-08: Mifepristone suppresses triple-negative breast cancer cell growth and cancer stem cell maintenance via down-regulating KLF5 expression
Authors: R Liu, C Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most malignant breast cancers without effective therapeutic approaches currently. We previously reported that KLF5 is over-expressed in TNBC; KLF5 depletion significantly suppresses TNBC cell proliferation, survival and tumor growth. As a progesterone receptor antagonist, MIF has been reported to have anti-tumor activity in multiple hormone-dependent cancers, including luminal type breast cancers. Interestingly, we found that MIF is able to down-regulate KLF5 protein expression in TNBC cells, reduce cancer stem cell population and suppress cell growth of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Similarly, we found KLF5 is also important for the maintenance of TNBC stem cell. We further demonstrated that MIF does not suppress KLF5 mRNA expression at all, but down-regulates KLF5 protein level via up-regulating miR-153 expression in TNBC cells. We found miR-153 mimics can down-regulate the KLF5 protein level in TNBC cells and decrease TNBC stem cell ratio similar to MIF does; consistently, miR-153 inhibitor rescued MIF-induced down-regulation of KLF5 protein expression and partially rescued the reduced cancer stem cell population by MIF treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that MIF is able to inhibit TNBC growth and cancer stem cell population possibly via suppressing KLF5 expression; and our research may provide a new possible chemotherapeutic for the treatment of TNBC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P5-03-08.
Cell-specific expression of hepatocyte growth factor in liver. Upregulation in sinusoidal endothelial cells after carbon tetrachloride.
Authors: J J Maher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

The cellular origin of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a polypeptide implicated in liver regeneration, was examined in normal liver and in hepatic regeneration induced by carbon tetrachloride. In normal liver, HGF and its mRNA were abundant in lipocytes, with smaller amounts present also in sinusoidal endothelial and Kupffer cells. In regenerating liver, HGF gene expression increased exclusively in endothelial cells. HGF mRNA levels rose sixfold in these cells, peaking at 6 h after toxin administration and returning to near normal by 24 h. The rise in HGF mRNA was accompanied by a 5.4-fold increase in HGF secretion. CCl4 did not alter HGF expression by either Kupffer cells or lipocytes; nor did it induce HGF expression by hepatocytes. Nonparenchymal liver cells contained two HGF transcripts: one predicting a full-length molecule of 728 amino acids; and the other encoding a functional five-amino acid deletion variant of HGF. The variant was less abundant than the full-length transcript, but increased in parallel with native HGF mRNA in response to CCl4. The response of nonparenchymal cells to HGF was examined by plating endothelial cells and lipocytes in the presence of recombinant human HGF. Under the conditions examined, the growth factor exerted neither mitogenic nor scatter factor activity on these cells.
Not for Money, but for Life
Authors: Paolo Raggi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 November 1995Not for Money, but for LifePaolo Raggi, MD, PhDPaolo Raggi, MD, PhDVeterans Affairs Medical Center; Salem, VA 24153Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-10-199511150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:One day, one of our critical care nurses asked me for help: Her mother had been admitted to a hospital in Nigeria because of heart block. The pacemaker necessary for her survival was unavailable, and no fluoroscopy tubes were functional. Several attempts were made to contact the International Red Cross, the World Health Organization, and Doctors without Borders, but lack of funding or insufficient organization quickly made us realize the helplessness of these associations in solving this emergency. I then called our Medtronic representative and received a free pacemaker unit. To obtain a visa for the patient, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Salem, VA 24153 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1995Volume 123, Issue 10Page: 811-811KeywordsCritical careElectrocardiographyGlobal healthHealth careHeartHeart failureHeart rateMedical conditionsPacemakersSurgeons ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...