tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2546: IGR-1R pathway role in oxaliplatin acquired resistance in colon cancer cell lines and its regulation by MMP-7 and IGFBP-2
Authors: Jordi Codony-Servat, Anna Martínez-Cardús, Mercedes Marín-Aguilera, Xabier García-Albéniz, Josep Maria Augé, Rosa Gallego, Estela Pineda, Alba Ginés, Albert Abad, Pere Gascón, Eva Martínez-Balibrea, Joan Maurel
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: IGF-1R pathway and MMPs have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer. This receptor could be activated by IGF1 or IGF2 ligands, which bioavailability is regulated by IGFBPs, what could be degraded by MMPs. Objectives: To determine the basal levels and the modulation by chemotherapy (oxaliplatin), of the levels of IGF-1R, IGFBPs and MMPs in colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 (IC50: 6,46 uM) and LoVo (IC50: 0,25 uM) and their oxaliplatin resistant cell lines (HT-29OXAR3 (IC50: 29,86 uM) and LoVOXAR3 (2,45 uM)). To analyze the differences in apoptosis between parental and oxaliplatin resistant cell lines when are treated with oxaliplatin. Methods: MMP-7 levels were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA. Levels of IGF-1R, activated IGF-1R, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 were determined by Western Blot and/or ELISA. Differences in cell viability were analyzed by MTT, and intrinsic (bcl-2, bax) and extrinsic (Fas, caspase 8) apoptotic pathways, by Western Blot, in parental and oxaliplatin resistant cell lines with dose-response experiments. Results: LoVo and LoVOXAR3 express low levels of MMP-7 and IGF-1R and high levels of IGFBP-2 compared with HT-29 and HT-29OXAR3. In addition, HT-29OXAR3 cells showed increased MMP-7, IGF-1R and pIGF-1R levels compared with HT-29 and lower levels of IGFBP-2. We also observed after oxaliplatin treatment in HT-29 cells a decrement of IGF-1R and IGFBP-2 and an increment in MMP-7 levels. In apoptotic experiments, FAS and caspase 8 (extrinsic pathway) were induced by oxaliplatin in LOVO (0.2 uM) and in LOVOXAR3 (20uM). Bcl-2 and bax (intrinsic pathway) were induced or decremented respectively in LOVO (2uM) and LOVOXAR3 (20uM). No changes in these extrinsic apoptotic proteins were observed in HT29 and HT29OXR3. In HT-29OXAR3 cell line higher doses of oxaliplatin (20 uM instead of 2uM) were needed to induce intrinsic apoptotic (bax) and antiapoptotic proteins (bcl-2) Conclusions: IGF-1R signalling is implicated in acquired oxaliplatin resistance and it is regulated by MMP-7 and IGFBP-2 in a different manner in our two models of cancer colon cell lines. The two apoptotic pathways were implicated in LoVo cell lines, but only intrinsic pathway regulates apoptosis in HT-29 cell lines. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2546.
Interstitial Lung Diseases of Unknown Cause
Authors: Ronald G. Crystal, Peter B. Bitterman, Stephen I. Rennard, Allan J. Hance, Brendan A. Keogh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

SarcoidosisSarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown cause characterized by enhanced cellular immune processes at sites of involvement.36,53,59,152 Almost all organs can be affected by the disease, but the lower respiratory tract is the site most commonly associated with morbidity and mortality.152 At least 90 per cent of patients with sarcoidosis have pulmonary manifestations; 20 to 25 per cent of these patients have a permanent loss of lung function, and 5 to 10 per cent die from complications of the disease.153,154 Sarcoidosis is found throughout the world.152 153 154 155 In the industrialized nations, the prevalence varies by sex, geographic location, . . .
As Home Births Increase, Recent Studies Illuminate Controversies and Complexities
Authors: Rikki Lewis
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Goblet cell compound exocytosis in the defense against bacterial invasion in the colon exposed to ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: Joep Grootjans, Inca H. Hundscheid, Wim A. Buurman
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

In recent years, the importance of the mucus layer in the colon has become increasingly clear. Disturbance of the mucus layer has been implicated in a variety of intestinal diseases. We have recently investigated the importance of the mucus layer in colon ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Using a newly developed human and rat colon IR model, we showed that colon ischemia leads to mucus barrier breakdown. This allowed intraluminal bacteria to interact with the colonic epithelium, which was associated with an inflammatory response. Intriguingly, we found goblet cells to respond immediately by expelling their mucin granules into the gut lumen, which flushed bacteria from the colonic crypts and resulted in rapid restoration of the mucus layer during reperfusion. Our study might explain why ischemic colitis tends to have favorable outcomes and can often be treated conservatively.
An Elementary Study of the Brain.
Authors: Eben W. Fiske
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Organic Brain Syndrome: Diagnostic Value of the EEG
Authors: Alberto Primavera
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  In the recent article by Dubin et al (1983;249:60) on the differentiation in the emergency department of organic brain syndrome from functional psychiatric illness (ie, organic v functional acute psychosis), the authors do not mention the EEG, a rapid and inexpensive investigation. Pro and Wells, 1 in a review on the EEG and delirium, concluded that, in their opinion, the EEG is a useful and often ancillary procedure in the differential diagnosis of delirium, but they complain about the lack of evidence to label EEG a luxury or a necessity in the diagnosis of psychotic patients.  In a study of 114 patients consecutively referred to us with acute or subacute confusional state, we were able to find normal EEG recordings in 15 of 18 patients (83%) with psychiatric illness and only in eight of 96 patients (8%) with acute confusional state from organic, intracranial, or extracranial disorders
PTH-014 Pancreatic Duct Dilatation Should Be Investigated With Endoscopic Ultrasound If Computerised Tomography Fails To Identify A Lesion
Authors: MTA Roberts, E Javad, J Iqbal
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A dilated Pancreatic Duct (PD) may be associated with pancreatic disease, but this is infrequently investigated further if no lesion is found on Computerised Tomography (CT). There is limited data on the role of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) with PD dilatation without a cause on CT, as the literature mostly describes the utility of EUS with apparent pancreatic lesions. We describe our experience of EUS in identification of causative lesions not apparent on CT. <h3>Methods</h3> Sixty-one (61) cases were identified and retrospectively reviewed between 2007–2013 by searching the EUS database at a university teaching hospital. All had CT +/- MRCP findings of dilated PD (+/- Common Bile Duct (CBD) dilatation) and no pancreatic lesion (54 patients) or oedema/unable to exclude a lesion (7). <h3>Results</h3> Mean patient age was 70 (41–90). Indications for CT included abdominal pain 16; abnormal Liver Function Tests (LFT) 14 (3 jaundiced); weight loss 9; other 14 (eg. staging CT for lung ca, CT colonography for diarrhoea etc). Mean PD diameter was 6 mm (3–25 mm) and 30 had CBD dilatation. CT showed normal pancreatic parenchyma in 46 (76%); prominent ampulla 5 (8%); pancreatic cyst 5 (8%), calcification 4 (6.5%); pseudocyst 1 (1.5%). After EUS, 49 (80%) had PD dilatation confirmed, whilst 31 (51%) also had CBD dilatation. 38 (62%) failed to identify a cause and hence agreed with CT. Of the remaining 23 (38%) there was disparity between CT and EUS. An FNA biopsy was performed in 16 (26%) of cases. Findings included neoplasm 9 (15%); IPMN 4 (6.5%); biliary stone disease 3 (5%); chronic pancreatitis 3 (5%); pseudocyst 1 (1.5%); choledochal cyst 1 (1.5%); and pancreas divisum 1 (1.5%). Neoplastic disease included pancreas cancer 5; suspicious ampullary tumour 2; cholangiocarcinoma 1; and mucinous cystadenoma 1. With particular reference to EUS, there was isolated PD dilatation in 27 cases (44% of total), and abnormalities detected in (59%) which included cancer or IPMN (15%). In PD and CBD dilatation 22 (36%); 6 cases were abnormal of which 4 (18%) had cancer (pancreas and ampulla). Without PD dilatation 12 (20%), pathology was found in 50% including cholangiocarcinoma (1), IPMN (1), CBD stones (3), chronic pancreatitis (1). Of 9 cancer patients, dilatation was seen in PD only (4); PD and CBD (4); normal PD or CBD (1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> PD dilatation should be investigated further with EUS, even when CT shows no causative lesion. We identified a significant percentage of benign (21%) and malignant (15%) pathology with EUS. EUS offers the additional advantage of biopsy when there is diagnostic doubt. Normal LFTs and the absence of the ‘double duct sign’ are insufficient to exclude neoplastic disease and EUS will help identify these. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
The Spectrum of Pulmonary Vascular Disease in Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: PETER H. VILES, PATRICK A. ONGLEY, JACK L. TITUS
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Obstructive pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) was evaluated in lung sections taken at autopsy in 53 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries. Twentythree had intact ventricular septa and 30 had ventricular septal defects. Children of similar age and associated defects had widely differing degrees of PVD and presented a spectrum of disease. In a small number of patients, the presence of pulmonic stenosis (congenital or acquired by pulmonary artery banding in infancy), a small ventricular septal defect, or a large atrial septal defect was not protective against the development of severe PVD. The findings of this study demonstrate the need for thorough hemodynamic evaluation of patients with complete transposition of the great arteries prior to repair by present technics. In addition, operation should probably be performed as soon as technically feasible.
Carcinogenic Activity of Cigarette Smoke Condensate
Authors: Fred G. Bock
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Cigarettes of 4 standard brands and 2 filter-tipped brands were smoked. The heptane-soluble fraction of tar from each brand was tested by painting mice with the equivalent of 8.3 cigarettes per day. Because the yield from the filter-tipped cigarettes was one-third as great as from the standard cigarettes, the filter-tipped treated mice received correspondingly less tar. Skin tumors were produced in 41 of 76 mice painted with tar from standard cigarettes and in 15 of 60 mice painted with the product from filter-tipped cigarettes. No significant difference was found among mice painted with tars from the 4 standard brands or between the 2 groups painted with filtered tar. In every group of mice, some of the skin tumors progressed to cancers within the 1-year period.
'A remarkable medicine' raises HDL levels
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A report on an unusual way to raise levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol left the audience mute at the recent Seventh International Joint Meeting on Stroke and Cerebral Circulation in New Orleans. The reason: According to Henry J. M. Barnett, MD, chairman of clinical neurological sciences at the University of Western Ontario Faculty of Medicine, London, "this type of trial has never been done before. So there are no data to compare." According to neurologist Markku Kaste, MD, of the University of Helsinki, the study showed that patients who suffer transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) can raise their consistently low HDL levels above normal by taking phenytoin sodium. Phenytoin is, of course, the anticonvulsant agent that financier Jack Dreyfus claims cured his depression, has numerous other beneficial effects, and should be approved by the Food and Drug Administration for many new uses (Dreyfus<i>J: A Remarkable Medicine Has Been Overlooked</i>. New
"Spanish flu" virus identified
Authors: J. Bryan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The strain of flu virus which killed over 20 million people in the world's worst infectious pandemic has been identified–80 years after it struck.

Influenza A/South Carolina/1/18 (HIN1) is the name which Dr Jeffery Taubenberger and colleagues at the division of molecular pathology of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, are proposing to give to the virus responsible for the …
Circulating Endothelial Microparticles as a Measure of Early Lung Destruction in Cigarette Smokers
Authors: Cynthia Gordon, Kirana Gudi, Anja Krause, Rachel Sackrowitz, Ben-Gary Harvey, Yael Strulovici-Barel, Jason G Mezey, Ronald G Crystal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

There is increasing evidence that emphysema is associated with primary loss of pulmonary capillary endothelium. Plasma levels of endothelial microparticles (EMPs), small vesicles released from activated or apoptotic endothelial cells, are elevated in vascular-related disorders.
Serum LDH Activity in Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis
Authors: Warren E. C. Wacker
Journal: JAMA (1960)

THE DIAGNOSIS of pulmonary embolism with or without infarction remains one of the most elusive and difficult to establish in medicine. Frequently the disease is not recognized because it appears in the guise of congestive heart failure or pneumonia rather than as the distinctive syndrome of phlebitis, pleuritic pain, hemoptysis, and pulmonary infiltration. 1 The diagnosis is obscured further because the clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism, as well as the antecedent thrombophlebitis, are most often superimposed on those of another serious ailment which has enforced prolonged periods of bed rest. 2,3,4   In spite of progress in the treatment of predisposing diseases, the incidence of pulmonary embolism has remained at a high and constant rate of approximately 10% of all autopsies. 5 In this most common of all pulmonary diseases among patients in general hospitals, 5,6 the overall accuracy of clinical diagnosis is only 20 to 50% when compared to autopsy
An Unusual Cause of Swan Neck Deformity of the Fingers
Authors: P. Rajendran Srijithesh
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2012)

<h3>Objective</h3>To describe a patient who presented with nonfixed swan neck deformity of the fingers and generalized body aches.<h3>Design</h3>Case report.<h3>Setting</h3>Tertiary care teaching hospital.<h3>Patient</h3>A 38-year-old woman who presented with swan neck deformity of the fingers.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Electromyographic finding and electromyographic and clinical response to intravenous immunoglobulin.<h3>Results</h3>Needle electromyography revealed continuous motor unit activity in the 50- to 70-Hz frequency during the resting state for all the muscles sampled, which suggests the possibility of neuromyotonia. After ruling out possible secondary causes, we treated the patient with intravenous immunoglobulin, considering primary neuromyotonia. The body ache improved by 100% on the visual analogue scale, and the electromyographic discharges disappeared from the paraspinal and tibialis anterior muscles and changed in its morphology to doublets, triplets, and multiplets in the first dorsal interossei and flexor digitorum profundus.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Neuromyotonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of swan neck deformity of the fingers, especially in cases that show no fixed deformity and are not associated with any other rheumatologic stigmata.
Excess Length of Stay, Charges, and Mortality Attributable to Medical Injuries During Hospitalization
Authors: Chunliu Zhan
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Although medical injuries are recognized as a major hazard in the health care system, little is known about their impact.To assess excess length of stay, charges, and deaths attributable to medical injuries during hospitalization.The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) were used to identify medical injuries in 7.45 million hospital discharge abstracts from 994 acute-care hospitals across 28 states in 2000 in the AHRQ Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.Length of stay, charges, and mortality that were recorded in hospital discharge abstracts and were attributable to medical injuries according to 18 PSIs.Excess length of stay attributable to medical injuries ranged from 0 days for injury to a neonate to 10.89 days for postoperative sepsis, excess charges ranged from 0 dollar for obstetric trauma (without vaginal instrumentation) to 57 727 dollars for postoperative sepsis, and excess mortality ranged from 0% for obstetric trauma to 21.96% for postoperative sepsis (P<.001). Following postoperative sepsis, the second most serious event was postoperative wound dehiscence, with 9.42 extra days in the hospital, 40 323 dollars in excess charges, and 9.63% attributable mortality. Infection due to medical care was associated with 9.58 extra days, 38 656 dollars in excess charges, and 4.31% attributable mortality.Some injuries incurred during hospitalization pose a significant threat to patients and costs to society, but the impact of such injury is highly variable.
MALIGNANT DISEASE OF THE FUNDUS UTERI TREATED BY X RAYS THROUGH THE ABDOMINAL WALL: RECOVERY
Authors: A. J. Cleveland
Journal: BMJ (1905)

MALIGNANT DISEASE OF FUNDUS UTERI.[L'0AJO 925 eapacity for storing it, it is within the bounds of possibility that tissues or organs that have retrograded physiologically, and, by losing their differentiation, have reverted to a more primitive type, should under these conditions take upon
Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty versus Coronary Artery Bypass
Authors: Michael B. Mock, Guy S. Reeder, Hartzell V. Schaff, David R. Holmes, Ronald E. Vlietstra, Hugh C. Smith, Bernard J. Gersh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Ischemic heart disease continues to be the major cause of disability and death in the United States. Despite the availability of effective medications, each year a large number of patients undergo revascularization. In 1983, 191,000 coronary artery bypass operations were reported to the National Hospital Discharge Survey of the National Center for Health Care Statistics.Three multicenter randomized trials comparing medical treatment with coronary artery bypass have shown that bypass surgery significantly relieves symptoms and improves functional capacity but has a smaller effect in terms of prolonging life and little, if any, effect in preventing myocardial infarction.1 2 3 4 An improvement in . . .
Venereal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus
Authors: Ronald O. Valdiserri
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The observations of Kiernan and Powers (241:585, 1979), that patients who are carriers for hepatitis B surface antigen often have inappropriate responses to questions about transmission risks, represent an important clinical point of information. Regardless of the small size of their study, the inference can be made that patients are often not clearly informed as to the infectious nature of their illness. This in part may be due to the rapidly growing mass of information surrounding hepatitis B and the changing clinical concepts associated with that growth. Although the venereal nature of this infection has long been recognized,<sup>1</sup>there have been few attempts to study its sexual transmission in a systematic fashion. The high rate of infection in homosexual men (238: 2625, 1977) is probably partially related to the dearth of public health measures aimed at patient education and prevention of spread. To this end, the