tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Orbital Pseudotumor Imaged with Ga-67 Citrate
Authors: PANNATHPUR JAIKISHEN, JOHN L. BATEMAN, WALTON W. SHREEVE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

An orbital pseudotumor causing proptosis, diplopla, and gaze palsy was imaged with Ga-67 citrate and showed persistent intense activity for five days. This may be the first case of gallium uptake into an orbital pseudotumor to be reported in the literature. This case report demonstrates the use of Ga-67 citrate imaging in the early diagnostic workup of this disorder.
Fragile TIM-4–expressing tissue resident macrophages are migratory and immunoregulatory
Authors: Thomas B. Thornley, Zemin Fang, Savithri Balasubramanian, Rafael A. Larocca, Weihua Gong, Shipra Gupta, Eva Csizmadia, Nicolas Degauque, Beom Seok Kim, Maria Koulmanda, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Terry B. Strom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Macrophages characterized as M2 and M2-like regulate immune responses associated with immune suppression and healing; however, the relationship of this macrophage subset to CD169+ tissue-resident macrophages and their contribution to shaping alloimmune responses is unknown. Here we identified a population of M2-like tissue-resident macrophages that express high levels of the phosphatidylserine receptor TIM-4 and CD169 (TIM-4hiCD169+). Labeling and tracking of TIM-4hiCD169+ macrophages in mice revealed that this population is a major subset of tissue-resident macrophages, homes to draining LNs following oxidative stress, exhibits an immunoregulatory and hypostimulatory phenotype that is maintained after migration to secondary lymphoid organs, favors preferential induction of antigen-stimulated Tregs, and is highly susceptible to apoptosis. Moreover, CD169+ tissue-resident macrophages were resistant to oxidative stress–induced apoptosis in mice lacking TIM-4. Compared with heart allografts from WT mice, Tim4–/– heart allografts survived much longer and were more easily tolerized by non-immunosuppressed recipients. Furthermore, Tim4–/– allograft survival was associated with the infiltration of Tregs into the graft. Together, our data provide evidence that M2-like TIM-4hiCD169+ tissue-resident macrophages are immunoregulatory and promote engraftment of cardiac allografts, but their influence is diminished by TIM-4–dependent programmed cell death.
Reduced Red Cell Glycolysis, 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate and Adenosine Triphosphate Concentration, and Increased Hemoglobin-Oxygen Affinity Caused by Hypophosphatemia
Authors: MARSHALL A. LICHTMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

A marked reduction in red cell glucose utilization, lactate production, and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and adenosine triphosphate concentration occurred in a patient with intractable diarrhea during a period of hypophosphatemia induced by parenteral nutrition with hypertonic glucose and protein hydrolysate. During the period of hypophosphatemia the patient's hemoglobin had an increased affinity for oxygen. Restoration of plasma phosphate to normal in vivo or in vitro corrected the metabolic abnormalities of the patient's erythrocytes. During normophosphatemia hemoglobin-oxygen affinity was decreased in keeping with the increase in red cell organic phosphates associated with anemia. Therefore, severe hypophosphatemia in man can produce significant limitations on red cell metabolism, resulting in a curtailment of glycolysis, reduction of organic phosphates, and an inefficient relationship between hemoglobin and oxygen. Tissue oxygen delivery could be impaired under such circumstances. Furthermore, adenosine triphosphate levels can reach concentrations that threaten the survival of the red cell. These observations also provide support for the critical role of extracellular inorganic phosphate concentration in the maintenance and modulation of red cell metabolism in vivo.
731-5 Early Reocclusion After Successful Coronary Angioplasty of Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Xavier Favereau, Thierry Corcos, Yves Guérin, Marco Zimarino, Elias Garcia, Corrado Tamburino, Marcel Toussaint, François Funck, Charles Eiferman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Vet dies from pneumonia in avian flu case
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Dutch government has ordered an independent investigation into the rare death of a veterinary surgeon from pneumonia after infection with avian flu virus. Until now the worst effect that this virus has had in infected people has been conjunctivitis.

The National Influenza Centre, part of Rotterdam's Erasmus Medical Centre, has already confirmed that the strain of virus was identical to avian flu virus and not a mutant strain such as the strain that caused deaths during the 1997 outbreak of avian flu in Hong Kong. …
Thyroid Crisis and the Law
Authors: Bernard J. Ficarra
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To the Editor:—  Recent litigation concerning the death of a postthyroidectomy patient propels our attention to a complication which the older men of medicine thought had been relegated to the annals of medical history. To many of the younger physicians and surgeons this post-operative complication never has been encountered and to others it may have been considered as a medical myth. The subject matter of this presentation centers about thyroid crisis, sometimes labeled thyroid storm.  Report of a Case:—  The patient was a 25-year-old housewife admitted to a hospital for elective thyroidectomy. The history included two years' duration with pronounced signs of exophthalmic goiter manifesting themselves six to seven months prior to the hospital admission. There were no major illnesses or surgical procedures performed according to the history. The family history elicited the fact that her brother died of thyroid disease. Physical examination indicated that the patient's physical status was
The association of asthma, atopy and lung function with hormone replacement therapy and surgical cessation of menstruation in a population‐based sample of English women
Authors: D. Jarvis, B. Leynaert
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Gynaecological surgery that may lead to cessation of menstruation is a major indication for the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) which in turn has been associated with asthma.Information on asthma-like symptoms, lung function and immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) and on menstrual status and use of HRT was collected from 3724 women aged between 35 and 64 years living in England. Association of health outcomes with use of HRT and with surgery resulting in cessation of menstruation was examined in multivariable models.Over a third of women who had ever used HRT had undergone surgery resulting in cessation of menstruation. Current use of HRT was associated with frequent wheeze, particularly in lean women [body mass index (BMI) < 25; odds ratio (OR) 1.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.05; BMI 25+; OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.69-1.51]. Wheeze was associated with the reporting of menstrual cessation that was due to surgery even if women denied ever using HRT (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.09-2.20). There was some evidence that HRT use was associated with airway obstruction in leaner women but little evidence that it was associated with IgE sensitization to HDM.In this cross-sectional study use of HRT was associated with asthma-like symptoms, particularly in those who have lower BMI. A substantial proportion of women whose periods have stopped because of surgery use HRT but this does not fully explain their increased morbidity.
Validation of the predictive value of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 for the response to first-line chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: S[ Würtz, M Klintman, IJ Christensen, PB Hertel, M Fernø, M Malmberg, H Mouridsen, F Cold, A Schrohl, JA Foekens, P Malmström, N Brünner
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6057 *Würtz SØ and Klintman M contributed equally, Malström P and Brünner N shares the senior authorship.&amp;#x2028; Background. Predictive markers are scarcely represented in breast cancer. TIMP-1 has in a previous study (n = 173) performed in our laboratory been shown to carry predictive information for the response to chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer as high tumor tissue levels of TIMP-1 were significantly associated with a low objective response rate to treatment with the most frequently used chemotherapeutic drugs (CMF or anthracyclines). The purpose of the present study was to validate these previous results with a new independent patient population.&amp;#x2028; Methods. The TIMP-1 level was measured using a validated ELISA in 168 primary tumor extracts from patients with metastatic breast cancer and levels were associated with the objective response to CMF and anthracyclines. Patients were included in the study provided that they had received chemotherapy for their metastatic disease and that frozen tumor tissue as well as data on their objective response to chemotherapy was available.&amp;#x2028; Results. The median TIMP-1 level in responders was 17.3 (2.9 – 75.8) ng TIMP-1/mg protein and in non-responders it was 19.6 (0-190.3) ng TIMP-1/mg protein. When analysed as a continuous log-transformed variable, increasing tumor levels of TIMP-1 were associated with a decreasing probability of objective response to CMF or anthracyclines (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.97 – 2.62, p = 0.07). This is very similar to the original study and thus supporting previous data. Next, we used a more clinically relevant approach for analysing the data from the validation study. For this analysis, objective response was scored as complete or partial response versus stable disease lasting at least six months (clinical benefit) versus progressive disease (non-response). This analysis showed that increasing levels of TIMP-1 were associated with a poor clinical benefit rate from chemotherapy (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.98 - 2.51, p=0.06). The original study has not previously been analysed using this endpoint. When performing this analysis, similar results were found (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.06 - 2.48, p = 0.02). Combining the new population and the original population in a pooled analysis (n = 341) using a random effects model showed that high levels of TIMP-1 were highly significantly associated with a poor clinical benefit rate from chemotherapy compared with patients with low levels (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.16 - 2.18, p=0.003).&amp;#x2028; Conclusion. The present validation study supports previous findings that primary tumor tissue levels of TIMP-1 carries predictive information in metastatic breast cancer treated with chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6057.
Belgium is to regulate complementary medicine
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>SUMMARY:</h3> Multiphase CTA offers several important advantages over the traditional single-phase CTA technique in acute ischemic stroke, including improved detection of large-vessel occlusion, improved characterization of collateral status, improved tolerance of patient motion and poor hemodynamics, and higher interrater reliability. These benefits are gleaned at little additional cost in terms of time, risk to the patient, and capital expense. Existing data suggest that there are important benefits to using multiphase CTA in lieu of single-phase CTA in the initial vessel assessment of patients with acute stroke.
Survivin is expressed on CD40 stimulation and interfaces proliferation and apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Luisa Granziero, Paolo Ghia, Paola Circosta, Daniela Gottardi, Giuliana Strola, Massimo Geuna, Licia Montagna, Paola Piccoli, Marco Chilosi, Federico Caligaris-Cappio
Journal: Blood (2001)
Abstract 2234: Activation of PI3K pathway by P-Rex2 is inhibited by GNMT
Authors: Chung-Hsien Li, Chia-Hung Yen, Mei-Yu Chen, Yi-Ming Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) is a tumor suppressor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, we reported that GNMT regulates mTOR signaling pathway through interacting with an mTOR binding protein-DEPTOR. Sequence blasting and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the first DEP domain of DEPTOR clustered with P-Rex2, a regulator of the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac. Since P-Rex2 has been showed to be able to antagonize PTEN in PI3K pathway, the aims of this study was to analyze the interaction between GNMT and P-Rex2 and their association in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Gel filtration assay demonstrated that GNMT and P-Rex2 were eluted in the same fractions. Reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that GNMT interacts with different domains of P-Rex2 including DH, PH, PDZ and InsPx4-Phosphatase. Overexpression of P-Rex2 enhanced Akt activation in HCC cell line as well as in breast cancer cell lines and such effect was blocked by over-expression of GNMT. Pulse-chase experiments showed that overexpression of GNMT caused significant reduction of the half-life of P-Rex2 from 15 hr to 9.5 hr. Finally, overexpression of GNMT in HuH-7 cells resulted in a proteasome-dependent degradation of P-Rex2. Therefore, GNMT affects PI3K-Akt pathway via direct binding with P-Rex2 and enhance its degradation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2234. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2234
Utilization of cultured human lymphoid cells for detection of humoral sensitization in prospective recipients of kidney transplants.
Authors: S Ferrone, A Ting, M A Pellegrino, P I Terasaki, R A Reisfeld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Prospective recipients of kidney transplants were tested for lymphocytotoxicity; from these we selected 102 sera that lacked cytotoxic antibodies against peripheral lymphocytes from at least 80 unrelated subjects. To detect humoral sensitization, we then reacted these with 17 cultured human lymphoid cell lines having different HL-A phenotypes. Cytotoxic antibodies reacting with these cultured cells were now detected in some of the sera. These antibodies were not directed against HL-A antigens, yet mediated lysis of target cells in the presence of rabbit but not of human or guinea pig complement. Furthermore, they activated the classical pathway of the rabbit complement system. Later, a significant association was found between occurrence of cytotoxic antibodies and rejection of the transplant. Thus, cultured human lymphoid cells, because of their great susceptibility to complement-mediated lysis, appear to be useful in detecting humoral sensitization in candidates for kidney grafts.
Book Review Malignant Mesothelioma: Advances in Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Translational Therapies Edited by Harvey I. Pass, Nicholas J. Vogelzang, and Michele Carbone. 854 pp., illustrated. New York, Springer-Verlag, 2005. $139. 0-387-22949-3
Authors: Julie R. Brahmer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)
Hospitals Slash Central Line Infections With Program That Empowers Nurses
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

It's been 31 months since a patient in the intensive care unit has developed a central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) at the Peterson Regional Medical Center in Kerrville, Tex, said nurse educator Theresa Hickman, RN, during a press briefing in September.
Comment: The Detection of Occult Metastatic Cancer by Radioactive Bone Scans
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The ability to detect occult metastases at the time of initial appearance of the primary tumor is of major importance in the management of the patient with cancer. Prostate cancer is a particularly suitable example in discussion of this problem; it shares the same role in the male as breast cancer has in the female, accounting for 60% to 70% of all bone metastases.<sup>42</sup>The majority of patients with prostate cancer have either occult or detectable osseous involvement at the time of first diagnosis. The effect of such knowledge on making decisions or on treating the primary cancer by radical surgery, radical radiation therapy, and/or hormonal manipulation can be profound. The unique importance of acid phosphatase has been discussed; however, elevation of levels of this enzyme fails to distinguish local extracapsular spread from metastatic cancer. The value of radioisotope scans in detecting occult metastatic bone cancer has received increasing
Artificial MicroRNAs as siRNA Shuttles: Improved Safety as Compared to shRNAs In vitro and In vivo
Authors: Ryan L Boudreau, Inês Martins, Beverly L Davidson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

RNA interference (RNAi) provides a promising therapeutic approach to human diseases. However, data from recent reports demonstrate that short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) may cause cellular toxicity, and this warrants further investigation of the safety of using RNAi vectors. Earlier, in comparing hairpin-based RNAi vectors, we noted that shRNAs are highly expressed and yield an abundance of unprocessed precursors, whereas artificial microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed at lower levels and are processed efficiently. We hypothesized that unprocessed shRNAs arise from the saturation of endogenous RNAi machinery, which poses likely a burden to cells. In this study, we tested that hypothesis by assessing the relative effects of shRNAs and artificial miRNAs on the processing and function of miRNAs. In competition assays, shRNAs disrupted miRNA biogenesis and function, whereas artificial miRNAs avoided this interference even when dosed to silence as effectively as shRNAs. We next compared the safety of these vectors in mouse cerebella, and found that shRNAs cause Purkinje cell neurotoxicity. By contrast, artificial miRNA expression was well tolerated, resulting in effective target gene silencing in Purkinje cells. These findings, together with data from earlier work in mouse striata, suggest that miRNA-based platforms are better suited for therapeutic silencing in the mammalian brain. RNA interference (RNAi) provides a promising therapeutic approach to human diseases. However, data from recent reports demonstrate that short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) may cause cellular toxicity, and this warrants further investigation of the safety of using RNAi vectors. Earlier, in comparing hairpin-based RNAi vectors, we noted that shRNAs are highly expressed and yield an abundance of unprocessed precursors, whereas artificial microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed at lower levels and are processed efficiently. We hypothesized that unprocessed shRNAs arise from the saturation of endogenous RNAi machinery, which poses likely a burden to cells. In this study, we tested that hypothesis by assessing the relative effects of shRNAs and artificial miRNAs on the processing and function of miRNAs. In competition assays, shRNAs disrupted miRNA biogenesis and function, whereas artificial miRNAs avoided this interference even when dosed to silence as effectively as shRNAs. We next compared the safety of these vectors in mouse cerebella, and found that shRNAs cause Purkinje cell neurotoxicity. By contrast, artificial miRNA expression was well tolerated, resulting in effective target gene silencing in Purkinje cells. These findings, together with data from earlier work in mouse striata, suggest that miRNA-based platforms are better suited for therapeutic silencing in the mammalian brain.
Medicine and the Aged
Authors: Alexander Leaf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Current Congressional interest in delaying or abolishing the age of obligatory retirement is an expression of the growing political strength of our elderly, who now number 23 million over the age of 65. Population projections indicate that by the year 2030 they will number 50 millions and their voice in national policy undoubtedly will increase. Through established political institutions they can markedly affect our youth-oriented culture. But whatever their impact will be on our society generally, their effect on medical care is already pronounced and will only increase.Since the introduction of Medicare the elderly have become increasing consumers of . . .
Endoscopic laser surgery: narrow focus but numerous targets
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The precision and simplicity of laser surgery are now being applied to the control of esophageal and gastric bleeding and to the removal of precancerous polyps in the stomach, esophagus, and colon. In a talk delivered to the founding meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) in Atlanta recently, John A. Dixon, MD, professor of surgery at the University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, made it clear that the endoscopic laser is so effective in these situations that it may even find its way to community hospitals within five years. At present, however, Dixon is one of the few physicians in the United States using this technique to treat internal bleeding and one of the few in the world using lasers to remove polyps. Endoscopic laser surgery entails use of an essentially standard endoscope, the main exception being that the light passing through the
Heterogeneity of ventricular depolarization and repolarization in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Velislav N. Batchvarov, Mohammad S. Hamid, Katerina Hnatkova, Rajesh Thaman, Juan R. Gimeno, Peter Smetana, Sami Firoozi, Bhavesh Sashdev, Asifa Quaraishi, Perry M. Elliott, William J. McKenna, Marek Malik
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
American Armamentarium Chirurgicum
Authors: Gary M. Sollars
Journal: JAMA (1991)

Do not come to this text in hope of obtaining the latest information on surgical equipment and technique; the information presented will be nearly contemporary with the bottom of your "to read" journal pile. However, this catalog from the famous 19th-century surgical instrument manufacturer George Tiemann &amp; Co can be fascinating reading for any physician with an interest in the history of American medicine. The original catalog, published in 1889, is regarded as one of the most complete descriptive texts of medical equipment of the era. As such, it is sought after by collectors of medical antiques as well as medical historians and bibliophiles. This reissue, though a limited edition of 1000 copies, will be welcomed by that growing constituency for the renewed availability of an otherwise esoteric sourcebook. The passion for antique medical paraphernalia is one that particularly afflicts physicians, and the most sought-after items are those of the