tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract C27: Whole-exome sequencing identifies potential therapeutic targets for castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Roopika Menon, Mario Deng, Diana Boehm, Falko Fend, Detlef Boehm, Saskia Biskup, Sven Perner
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Aim: Castration resistant prostate cancer (CR-PCa) is the most aggresive form of prostate cancer (PCa) having a poor prognosis, and is a significant therapeutic challenge. The key to the development of novel therapeutic targets for CR-PCa is to decipher the molecular alterations underlying this lethal disease. The aim of our study was to perform whole exome sequencing and gene copy number analysis on 5 CR-PCa/normal paired formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples using the SOLiD4 next generation sequencing platform. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from 5 CR-PCa/normal paired FFPE samples. The DNA was subjected to targeted exon capture using the Agilent Sure Select kit. The captured DNA was sequenced using the SOLiD4 next generation sequencing platform. The sequencing output was mapped, sorted, filtered and annotated using well-known human genome databases. The results were further analyzed for SNPs and copy number variations. A set of amplified/deleted genes were validated using fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) assays with a PCa progression cohort. The cohort consisted of 138 cases for localized cancer, 105 patients with primary PCa and corresponding LN metastasis, and 39 samples for castration resistant tumors. Results: Whole exome sequencing analysis identified focal regions of deletion, which included well-known tumor suppressors such as NKX3.1 and PTEN. Focal regions of amplification included well-known genes such as CMYC and AR that are known to play a role in PCa. Furthermore, we identified several amplified genes as druggable targets e.g. HDAC6, NTRK1, PLD1, SPHK1, and SIRT7. NTRK1 is a kinase that plays an active role in cell proliferation. HDAC6, PLD1, SPHK1 and SIRT7 regulate numerous complex cellular processes including signal transduction, transcription and apoptosis. Conclusions: This is the first study to use whole exome sequencing approaches on FFPE CR-PCa material to identity novel therapeutic targets. Validation studies would further shed light into the biological understanding of the disease and its plausible treatment options. Citation Format: Roopika Menon, Mario Deng, Diana Boehm, Falko Fend, Detlef Boehm, Saskia Biskup, Sven Perner. Whole-exome sequencing identifies potential therapeutic targets for castration-resistant prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr C27.
Non invasive evaluation of portal hypertension using transient elastography
Authors: Laurent Castera, Massimo Pinzani, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

The development of portal hypertension is a common consequence of chronic liver diseases leading to the formation of esophageal and gastric varices responsible for variceal bleeding, associated with a high mortality rate, as well as other severe complications such as portosystemic encephalopathy and sepsis. Measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and upper GI endoscopy are considered the gold standards for portal hypertension assessment in patients with cirrhosis. However, both types of investigation are invasive and HVPG measurement is routinely available and/or performed with adequate standards only in expert centres. There is thus a need for non invasive methods able to predict, with acceptable diagnostic accuracy, the progression of portal hypertension toward the levels of clinically significant (i.e. HVPG ≥ 10 mmHg) and severe (HVPG ≥ 12 mmHg) as well as the presence and the size of oesophageal varices. Transient elastography (TE) is a novel non invasive technology that allows measuring liver stiffness and that has gained popularity over the past few years. Although TE has been initially proposed to assess liver fibrosis, a good correlation has been reported between liver stiffness values and HVPG as well as the presence of oesophageal varices, suggesting that it could be an interesting tool for the non invasive evaluation of portal hypertension. This review is aimed at discussing the advantages and limits of TE and the perspectives for its rationale use in clinical practice for the management of patients with portal hypertension.
Book Review Textbook of Interventional Cardiology Edited by Eric J. Topol. 954 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1990. $95. Invasive Cardiology: Principles and techniques Edited by Thomas M. Bashore. 318 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, B.C. Decker, 1990. $65.
Authors: Michael A. Kutcher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)
Relationship Among Glycolytic Phenotype, Grade, and Histological Subtype in Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Dimitrios Karantanis, Martin Allen-Auerbach, Johannes Czernin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Knowing the glycolytic phenotype of cancers is important for the appropriate use of F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging. This study was performed to determine the influence of tumor grade and histology on the glycolytic phenotype of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.Only histopathologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer patients, with no other concurrent malignancies, who had F-18 FDG PET/CT either before or at least 3 months after any therapeutic intervention and had confirmed measurable disease of >1 cm were included. The F-18 FDG PET/CT uptake was determined as maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) at the pathologically confirmed site of disease or in the most active lesion. SUVmax was correlated to tumor grade and histology.Of 171 ovarian cancer patients, 42 referred for F-18 FDG PET/CT scans between January 2003 and December 2010 were eligible for inclusion. Histologic diagnosis most frequently revealed the serous subtype (n = 32) and grade III (n = 28) epithelial ovarian cancer. Overall, ovarian carcinomas exhibited a strong glycolytic phenotype (average SUVmax, 7.6 g/mL). The SUVmax averaged 7.76 g/mL, 6.76 g/mL, and 7.95 g/mL for Grade I, II, and III, respectively. There was no statistically significant correlation between tumor SUVmax and the histologic tumor grade (P = 0.74). No statistically significant differences were found between the tumor SUVmax of serous and endometrioid subtypes (P = 0.53). For other histology subtypes, no statistic evaluation was possible due to the low number of cases.The glycolytic phenotype in epithelial ovarian cancer, expressed as SUVmax, is strong. However, tumor FDG uptake is unrelated to tumor grade and histologic subtype implying that F-18 FDG PET/CT cannot be used to predict tumor aggressiveness or histology.
Risk for Clinical Thromboembolism Associated with Conversion to Sinus Rhythm in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Lasting Less Than 48 Hours
Authors: Marilyn J. Weigner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: It has been assumed that cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation lasting less than 48 hours is associated with a low risk for thromboembolism. However, no clinical data support this assumption. Objective: To determine the incidence of cardioversion-related clinical thromboembolism among patients presenting with atrial fibrillation lasting less than 48 hours. Design: Patients were prospectively identified on admission, and clinical data on the duration of atrial fibrillation were recorded. Data on cardioversion and thromboembolism were obtained retrospectively from hospital and outpatient records. Setting: Academic medical center. Patients: 1822 consecutive patients admitted to the hospital for atrial fibrillation were screened. Three hundred seventy-five adults (mean age ±SD, 68 ± 16 years) with atrial fibrillation that had lasted less than 48 hours were identified. One hundred eighty-one patients (48.3%) had a history of atrial fibrillation; 23 (6.1%) had a history of thromboembolism. Results: 357 patients (95.2%) converted to sinus rhythm during the index admission; spontaneous conversion occurred in 250 patients (66.7%) and active pharmacologic or electrical conversion was done in 107 patients (28.5%). Three patients (0.8% [95% CI, 0.2% to 2.4%]), all of whom had converted spontaneously after ventricular rate control was begun, had a clinical thromboembolic event: One had a stroke, 1 had a transient ischemic attack, and 1 had a peripheral embolus. None of, these 3 patients had a history of atrial fibrillation or thromboembolism, and all had normal left ventricular systolic function. Conclusion: Among patients presenting with atrial fibrillation that was clinically estimated to have lasted less than 48 hours, the likelihood of cardioversion-related clinical thromboembolism is low. These data support the current recommendation for early cardioversion in these patients.
HAEMATEMESES "WITHOUT LESIONS."
Authors: G. Monod
Journal: BMJ (1924)

ITAEMATEMESES " WITHOUT LESIONS."MTM BaJrr= S.~~~~~~~~~~~ complication, with r-esulting contamination of the milk by.living bacilli.The following is a very brief accounit of my seven cases: CASE I.A girl, aged 17, well nourished and robust, was admitted to hospital with extensive tuberculous glands on both sides of the neck.She had been operated on several times for removal and abscess formation, but the infection proceeded downwards to the axillary glands, and on the surface of the chest wall, towards the breast, which became hard but not painful.In a few weeks an abscess formed which was opened and scraped.A persistent sinus resulted, which only healed after a long course of human tuberculin.The girl made a good recoverv, all the glands subsided, the sinuses and ulcers healed, and she was discharged from the hospital after ten months' treatment, apparently cured.On examination of pus nio tubercle bacilli could be demon- strated under the microscope, but scraping from the breast tissue showed them in large numbers.An emulsion inoculated into a rabbit produced ani acute general tuberculosis, and growths from the rabbit's spleen showed typical bovine cultures.CASE II.A woman, aged 37, seen in consultation.She had suffered from tuberculous neck glands for over twenty years, healing up and breaking down at intervals.A year ago she noticed the right axillary glands to be enlarged, the infection spreading to the right breast.The lungs were apparently healthy.Two large sinuses were seen in the lower quadrant of the breast, discharging greenish-yellow pus.Examination of the pus showed tubercle bacilli, and animal in- oculation (rabbit) produced a general tuberculosis with typical bovine cultures.I advised amputation of the breast, but she declined, and I have not been able to learn what happened to her.CASE III.A girl, aged 19, was admitted to hospital with very extensive tuberculosis of the right neck glands.She had been brought up in Canada anid had drunk a very large quantity of cow's milk during the last twelve vears.The infection had spread by direct lymphatic extension to the axillary glands, which had suppurated, and thence to the breast, which was in a condition of general tuberculous mastitis with five sinuses discharging a large amount of pus daily.
Community Hospitals and Graduates of Foreign Medical Schools
Authors: Abraham Verghese
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 June 1991Community Hospitals and Graduates of Foreign Medical SchoolsAbraham Verghese, MDAbraham Verghese, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-12-1062 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: In their editorial, Drs. Bogdonoff and Fins (1) speak of "programs staffed by graduates of U.S. medical schools and those staffed by graduates of foreign medical schools." A third type of residency program exists in which no great distinction is made between these two types of graduates.Graduates of foreign medical schools are not a homogeneous group. Generalizations, such as "a clear qualitative difference exists between foreign and U.S. medical schools," are inaccurate. Note that graduates of Cape Town, Cambridge, and Cologne are all graduates of foreign medical schools. I think that a resident who can feel...Reference1. BogdonoffFins MJ. University medical center participation in residency training programs for graduates of foreign medical schools [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:426-7. LinkGoogle Scholar1. BogdonoffFins MJ. University medical center participation in residency training programs for graduates of foreign medical schools [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:426-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BabbottLeveyWeaverKillian DGSC. Medical student attitudes about internal medicine: a study of U.S. medical school seniors in 1988. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:16-22. LinkGoogle Scholar1. BogdonoffFins MJ. University medical center participation in residency training programs for graduates of foreign medical schools [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:426-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Richards T. Medical education in India-in poor health. Br Med J. 1985;290:1132-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Tosteson D. New pathways in general medical education. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:234-8. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. Greganti M. Where are the clinical role models? Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:259-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 1922 Plaen View Drive Iowa City, Iowa 52246 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOf Pride, Prejudice, and Discrimination Why Generalizations Can Be Unfair to the IndividualAjit Varki 15 June 1991Volume 114, Issue 12Page: 1062-1063KeywordsGraduate medical educationResidency Issue Published: 15 June 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Osteocyte Remodeling of the Perilacunar and Pericanalicular Matrix
Authors: Hai Qing, Lynda F Bonewald
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2009)

With additional functions of osteocytes being identified, the concept that osteocytes are just "static lacunar‐dwelling cells" is no longer accepted. We reviewed most of the relevant literature on osteocyte's function in the direct remodeling of the perilucunar matrix, discussing the advantages and disadvantages. Special attention was paid to how the negative researchers argue about the "osteocytic osteolysis" principle, and how the positive side addressed the arguments. We also discussed the newly found data of osteocytic remodeling function from our group. With more biotechnology in hand, there is increased excitement in the prospect of now being able to answer the two important questions: do osteocytes have the capability to remove mineral from the perilacunar matrix and if so what are the molecular and cellular mechanisms? do osteocytes have the capability to deposit new mineral on the perilacunar matrix and if so what are the cellular and molecular mechanisms?
Clinical Ethics in Anesthesiology: A Case-Based Textbook
Authors: Martin Dauber
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
UNABSORBABLE CARBOHYDRATES AND DIABETES: DECREASED POST-PRANDIAL HYPERGLYCÆMIA
Authors: DavidJ.A. Jenkins, AnthonyR. Leeds, ThomasM.S. Wolever, DavidV. Goff, K. George, M.M. Alberti, MiguelA. Gassull, T. Derek, R. Hockaday
Journal: The Lancet (1976)
Erratum: Corrigendum: Common variants in ACYP2 influence susceptibility to cisplatin-induced hearing loss
Authors: Heng Xu, Giles W Robinson, Jie Huang, Joshua Yew-Suang Lim, Hui Zhang, Johnnie K Bass, Alberto Broniscer, Murali Chintagumpala, Ute Bartels, Sri Gururangan, Tim Hassall, Michael Fisher, Richard Cohn, Tetsuji Yamashita, Tal Teitz, Jian Zuo, Arzu Onar-Thomas, Amar Gajjar, Clinton F Stewart, Jun J Yang
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation in a young population.
Authors: D H Pedersen, D P Zipes, P R Foster, P J Troup
Journal: Circulation (1979)

In this study, we describe the findings in 18 young patients (age range 4 days to 24 years, mean 16.6 years) who had ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation and were followed for 4--70 months (mean 22.4 months). Patients had a variety of problems associated with their arrhythmia, including mitral valve prolapse, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, prolonged QT syndrome and hypokalemia. Six patients had no clinically recognizable cardiac abnormality. The ventricular tachycardia showed a left bundle branch block contour in 10 of 17 patients, right bundle branch block in four, was multiform in two and had an indeterminate contour in one. Sustained ventricular tachycardia was initiated and terminated reproducibly by atrial and ventricular stimulation in three of seven patients who did not have spontaneous episodes of ventricular tachycardia during the electrophysiologic study. In one other patient, short bursts of ventricular tachycardia were induced. Patients who had ventricular fibrillation, those who died, and those who are still symptomatic with poorly controlled ventricular arrhythmias had significant heart disease. In one patient, a ventricular tachyarrhythmia that had required more than 100 electrical cardioversions spontaneously disappeared after requiring 1 year of antiarrhythmic therapy.
The C3H/HeJ inbred mouse is a model of vesico-ureteric reflux with a susceptibility locus on chromosome 12
Authors: Inga J. Murawski, Rita W. Maina, Danielle Malo, Lisa M. Guay-Woodford, Philippe Gros, Mary Fujiwara, Kenneth Morgan, Indra R. Gupta
Journal: Kidney International (2010)
THE PROPHYLAXIS OF VARICELLA WITH CONVALESCENTS' SERUM
Authors: A. A. WEECH
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Vaccination with the contents of varicella vesicles has been used in former attempts to prevent the spread of this disease. The material, obtained by puncturing a cleaned vesicle with a sterile needle, was applied to an abraded surface of skin in much the same way in which a Pirquet tuberculin test is performed. Kling,<sup>1</sup>in 1913, reported that among thirty-one susceptible children exposed to varicella who were given a single vaccination, only one case of the disease appeared. Handrick,<sup>2</sup>in 1914, met with less success. Among 114 children inoculated by him, forty-five contracted the disease. Rabinoff,<sup>3</sup>in 1915, obtained better results. She reported that, among seventy-six exposed children protected in this way, only six cases of varicella appeared. Hess and Unger,<sup>4</sup>in 1918, injected the virus intravenously into thirty-eight children, and reported that after exposure only one contracted the disease. During the last few years, the
Poets more stable than playwrights
Authors: P. S Tamber
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Poets suffer from higher levels of manic depression than playwrights or prose writers, says a study published in the May issue of the British Journal of Psychiatry. But the study found that playwrights and prose writers had a higher prevalence than poets of depression, alcoholism, personality deviations, and marital problems.

The data were collected from postmortem biographies of a hundred British and American male writers. Each writer was then ranked for “amounts of psychopathology”—penalty points were given for such characteristics as potentially handicapping personality traits, …
Intermediate-Density Lipoproteins and Progression of Carotid Arterial Wall Intima-Media Thickness
Authors: Howard N. Hodis, Wendy J. Mack, Meleana Dunn, Chao-ran Liu, Ci-hua Liu, Robert H. Selzer, Ronald M. Krauss
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Although LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is generally accepted to be a major risk factor for progression of atherosclerosis, the traditional measurement of LDL-C includes measurement of IDL. Little is known about the relationship between IDL and progression of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the association of plasma lipoprotein subclasses with progression of preintrusive carotid artery atherosclerosis in the Monitored Atherosclerosis Regression Study (MARS). Methods and Results MARS was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled serial arterial imaging trial conducted in subjects 37 to 67 years old with angiographically defined coronary artery disease. Analytical ultracentrifugation was used to determine lipoprotein subclasses, including LDL (S f 0 to 12), IDL (S f 12 to 20), VLDL (S f 20 to 400), and HDL (F 1.20 0 to 9) in 188 subjects. Subjects were randomized to a cholesterol-lowering diet plus placebo or lovastatin 80 mg/d. The outcome measure, the annual progression rate of the distal common carotid artery far wall intima-media thickness determined by high resolution B-mode ultrasonography, was determined at baseline and every 6 months on trial. When the major apolipoprotein B–containing lipoproteins were measured independently, IDL ( r =.21, P &lt;.005) but not VLDL ( r =−.09, P =.24) or LDL ( r =.09, P =.26) was associated with the progression of carotid artery intima-media thickness. Conclusions These data provide further evidence for the role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in the progression of atherosclerosis and support the evidence that indicates that the risk of atherosclerosis attributable to LDL-C may in part be the result of lipoproteins in the IDL fraction (S f 12 to 20) that is included within the traditional measurements of LDL-C.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INGROWN TOENAILS
Authors: E. LAWRENCE KEYES
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Two impressions are gained from this study of the operative treatment of ingrown toenails: first, that the rate of recurrence of ingrowth of the nail following operation is unduly high, and, second, that the rate of healing of many of the operative wounds is unduly prolonged. The rate of recurrence was 13.6 per cent in 110 operations. The operative wounds required, on the average, nineteen days to heal.  This survey seems to be a fair index of current operative treatment of ingrown toenails, since it comprises 110 operations performed by twenty-six different surgeons in three affiliated institutions in St. Louis. My private cases also are included.  Recurrences were attributed either to the performances of an operation inadequate in type or to failure at operation to remove the necessary amount of nail-bearing matrix 1 or of nail wall. No recurrence could be ascribed to growth of new nail from eponychium. Since
Vertebral Hemangiomas on FDG PET Scan
Authors: BOHDAN BYBEL, SHANKER RAJA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Department of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio Received for publication June 19, 2002. Revision accepted September 18, 2002. Correspondence: Dr. Bohdan Bybel, Department of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue Gb3, Cleveland, Ohio 44195. E-mail [email protected]