tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adrenaline Effects at the Menopause
Authors: H. D. Wyse
Journal: BMJ (1927)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To systematically review the accuracy of physicians9 clinical predictions of survival in terminally ill cancer patients. <b>Data sources</b> Cochrane Library, Medline (1996-2000), Embase, Current Contents, and Cancerlit databases as well as hand searching. <b>Study selection</b> Studies were included if a physician9s temporal clinical prediction of survival (CPS) and the actual survival (AS) for terminally ill cancer patients were available for statistical analysis. Study quality was assessed by using a critical appraisal tool produced by the local health authority. <b>Data synthesis</b> Raw data were pooled and analysed with regression and other multivariate techniques. <b>Results</b> 17 published studies were identified; 12 met the inclusion criteria, and 8 were evaluable, providing 1563 individual prediction-survival dyads. CPS was generally overoptimistic (median CPS 42 days, median AS 29 days); it was correct to within one week in 25% of cases and overestimated survival by at least four weeks in 27%. The longer the CPS the greater the variability in AS. Although agreement between CPS and AS was poor (weighted κ 0.36), the two were highly significantly associated after log transformation (Spearman rank correlation 0.60, P &lt; 0.001). Consideration of performance status, symptoms, and use of steroids improved the accuracy of the CPS, although the additional value was small. Heterogeneity of the studies9 results precluded a comprehensive meta-analysis. <b>Conclusions</b> Although clinicians consistently overestimate survival, their predictions are highly correlated with actual survival; the predictions have discriminatory ability even if they are miscalibrated. Clinicians caring for patients with terminal cancer need to be aware of their tendency to overestimate survival, as it may affect patients9 prospects for achieving a good death. Accurate prognostication models incorporating clinical prediction of survival are needed.
Oxidized LDL activates fas-mediated endothelial cell apoptosis.
Authors: M Sata, K Walsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Oxidized low density lipoproteins (OxLDL) promote chronic inflammatory responses in the vasculature that give rise to atherosclerotic plaques. Fas ligand (FasL) is naturally expressed on the vascular endothelium where it can induce apoptosis in Fas-expressing immune cells as they enter the vessel wall. Although vascular endothelial cells are normally resistant to Fas-mediated cell death, OxLDL were shown to induce apoptosis in cultured endothelial cells and endothelium of arterial explants by a process that could be inhibited with Fas L neutralizing antibodies. OxLDL-induced cell death was also reduced in the aortic endothelium cultured from gld (FasL-/-) and lpr (Fas-/-) mice as compared with wild-type mice. OxLDL acted by sensitizing endothelial cells to death signals from the Fas receptor. Thus, the ability of OxLDL to promote Fas-mediated endothelial cell suicide may be a feature that contributes to their atherogenicity.
Fatalities in the War in Croatia, 1991 and 1992
Authors: Marina Kuzman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To show the underlying and external causes of death and selected characteristics of those killed in the war in Croatia between March 1991 and December 1992.Analysis of 4339 fatalities recorded on two national mortality statistics documents that specified war operations as the cause of death: a demography mortality statistical form and a death certificate.The frequency of clinical causes of death and their association with methods of wounding, length of survival, and attendant diagnoses.Half of those killed were men aged 21 to 35 years. Among women killed, the majority were aged 61 to 75 years. Skull fracture with intracranial injuries was the leading cause of death (28.9%), followed by multiple traumas and injuries of unspecified site (17.9%), and thoracic wounds with lung and heart injuries (17.6%). The most common methods of wounding were bombs and fragments of other explosive devices involving 1907 persons (43.9%), followed by deaths from bullet wounds (33.0%). More than 50% of those killed had sustained multiple injuries. In 78.6% of the cases, death immediately followed the wounding.
Nucleosomal peptide epitopes for nephritis-inducing T helper cells of murine lupus.
Authors: A Kaliyaperumal, C Mohan, W Wu, S K Datta
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Nucleosome-specific T helper (Th) cells provide major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted, cognate help to nephritogenic antinuclear autoantibody-producing B cells in lupus. However, the lupus Th cells do not respond when components of the nucleosome, such as free DNA or histones, are individually presented by antigen-presenting cells. Thus critical peptide epitopes for the pathogenic Th cells are probably protected during uptake and processing of the native nucleosome particle as a whole. Therefore, herein we tested 145 overlapping peptides spanning all four core histones in the nucleosome. We localized three regions in core histones, one in H2B at amino acid position 10-33 (H2B(10-33)), and two in H4, at position 16-39 (H4(16-39)) and position 71-94 (H4(71-94)), that contained the peptide epitopes recognized by the pathogenic autoantibody-inducing Th cells of lupus. The peptide autoepitopes also triggered the pathogenic Th cells of (SWR x NZB)F1 lupus mice in vivo to induce the development of severe lupus nephritis. The nucleosomal autoepitopes stimulated the production of Th1-type cytokines, consistent with immunoglobulin IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 being the isotypes of nephritogenic autoantibodies induced in the lupus mice. Interestingly, the Th cell epitopes overlapped with regions in histones that contain B cell epitopes targeted by autoantibodies, as well as the sites where histones contact with DNA in the nucleosome. Identification of the disease-relevant autoepitopes in nucleosomes will help in understanding how the pathogenic Th cells of spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus emerge, and potentially lead to the development of peptide-based tolerogenic therapy for this major autoimmune disease.
Gradus ad parnassum: Ascending strength gradients or descending memory traces?
Authors: Peter R. Killeen
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Decay gradients are usually drawn facing the wrong direction. Righting them emphasizes the role of stimuli that mark the response, and leads to different inferences concerning the factors controlling response– reinforcer associations. A simple model of the concatenation of stimulus traces provides some insight to the problems of impulse control relevant to ADHD.
Web Resources for Stem Cell Research
Authors: Ting Wei, Xing Peng, Lili Ye, Jiajia Wang, Fuhai Song, Zhouxian Bai, Guangchun Han, Fengmin Ji, Hongxing Lei
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

Abstract In this short review, we have presented a brief overview on major web resources relevant to stem cell research. To facilitate more efficient use of these resources, we have provided a preliminary rating based on our own user experience of the overall quality for each resource. We plan to update the information on an annual basis.
Hazard of self-inflating resuscitation bag.
Authors: P J Baxter, A M Hewlett, L A Rauscher
Journal: BMJ (1971)

endothelial stimulant clearances were esti- mated by autologous plasma haemoglobin clearance' and were found to be increased in 6 out of 10 patients with acute leukaemia, 5 out of 11 patients with chronic leukaemia, and in 8 out of 13 cases of Hodgkin's disease.Corticosteroid therapy appeared to make no difference, but those who had depressed clearances had recently been treated with radiotherapy or nitrogen mustard.The results indicate that certain tumours themselves increase the functional state of the reticuloendothelial stimulant.Increased
Roger Duchene de Vere
Authors: G. Westbury, H. Roberts, R. Marwood
Journal: BMJ (2011)

After two years in the Royal Navy, Roger Duchene de Vere did further training at St Thomas’, Queen Charlotte’s, and the Chelsea Hospital for Women. He was appointed to the staff of Westminster in 1954. In collaboration with his anaesthetist, Dr J B Wyman, he pioneered the use …
Analysis of the Radiocardiogram in Heart Failure
Authors: REGINALD A. SHIPLEY, RICHARD E. CLARK, DANIEL LIEBOWITZ, JACK S. KROHMER
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

A scintillation counter permits the use of very low doses of I 131 -albumin in the recording of radiocardiograms. In the presence of mild heart failure there is a distinct widening of the interval between the humps derived from the right and left heart. Application of the principle of three-compartment serial dilution suggests that this prolongation may be due in large part to reduced cardiac output; however, cardiac dilatation may contribute significantly. Although radiocardiographic tracings represent time concentration curves, wide angle counting over the heart does not permit a reliable direct estimate of cardiac output. The chief source of error lies in the variable contribution of surrounding extracardiac tissue to the total activity which is recorded.
THE 9P21 GENETIC VARIANT IS ADDITIVE TO CAROTID INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS AND PLAQUE IN IMPROVING CORONARY HEART DISEASE RISK PREDICTION IN WHITE PARTICIPANTS OF THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY
Authors: Vijay Nambi, Eic Boerwinkle, Kim Lawson, Ariel Brautbar, Lloyd Chambless, Nora Franchescini, Kari North, Salim Virani, Aaron R. Folsom
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization for Gene Therapy of Adult Patients With Severe β-Thalassemia: Results of Clinical Trials Using G-CSF or Plerixafor in Splenectomized and Nonsplenectomized Subjects
Authors: Evangelia Yannaki, Thalia Papayannopoulou, Erica Jonlin, Fani Zervou, Garyfalia Karponi, Angeliki Xagorari, Pamela Becker, Nikoleta Psatha, Ioannis Batsis, Panayotis Kaloyannidis, Varvara Tahynopoulou, Varnavas Constantinou, Asimina Bouinta, Konstantia Kotta, Aglaia Athanassiadou, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Athanasios Fassas, George Stamatoyannopoulos
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

The safety and efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilization was investigated in adult splenectomized (SPL) and non-SPL patients with thalassemia major, in two clinical trials, using different mobilization modes: granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-alone, G-CSF following pretreatment with hydroxyurea (HU), plerixafor-alone. G-CSF-mobilization was both safe and effective in non-SPL patients. However, in SPL patients the procedure resulted in excessive response to G-CSF, expressed as early hyperleukocytosis necessitating significant dose reduction, and suboptimal CD34(+) cells yields. One-month HU-pretreatment prevented hyperleukocytosis and allowed successful CD34(+) cell collections when an optimal washout period was maintained, but it significantly prolonged the mobilization procedure. Plerixafor resulted in rapid and effective mobilization in both SPL and non-SPL patients and was well-tolerated. For gene therapy of thalassemia, G-CSF or Plerixafor could be used as mobilization agents in non-SPL patients whereas Plerixafor appears to be the mobilization agent of choice in SPL adult thalassemics in terms of safety and efficacy.
The Primary Care–Specialty Income Gap
Authors: William L. Rich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters19 June 2007The Primary Care–Specialty Income GapWilliam L. Rich III, MDWilliam L. Rich III, MDFrom the American Medical Association Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-12-200706190-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest Bodenheimer and colleagues' recent article (1). I am compelled to correct a number of statements within the article and to set the record straight regarding the American Medical Association (AMA) Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee (RUC) and its role in updating the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS). I hope to provide a balanced perspective of this important committee and its efforts to represent all physicians.The Medicare RBRVS is designed to pay physician services relative to the resources (physician work, practice expense, and professional liability insurance) required to provide the service. ...References1. Bodenheimer T, Berenson RA, Rudolf P. The primary care-specialty income gap: why it matters. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146:301-6. [PMID: 17310054] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Physician time files. Accessed at www.cms.hhs.gov/apps/ama/license.asp?file=/physicianfeesched/downloads/phy_time_file.zip on 7 May 2007. Google Scholar3. American College of Physicians Practice Management Center. What internists need to know about medicare changes 2007. Accessed at www.acponline.org/private/pmc/medchg07.pdf on 7 May 2007. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William L. RichIII, MDAffiliations: From the American Medical Association Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee.Disclosures: Dr. Rich is the Chairman of the American Medical Association Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Primary Care–Specialty Income Gap: Why It Matters Thomas Bodenheimer , Robert A. Berenson , and Paul Rudolf The Primary Care–Specialty Income Gap Thomas Bodenheimer , Robert A. Berenson , and Paul Rudolf Metrics Cited byPrimary Care Specialty Choices of United States Medical Graduates, 1997–2006The Role of Physicians and Medical Organizations in the Development, Analysis, and Implementation of Health Care Policy 19 June 2007Volume 146, Issue 12Page: 895-896KeywordsColonoscopyCurrent procedural terminologyExerciseForecastingGastroenterology and hepatologyHealth careMedicarePrevention, policy, and public healthPrimary care physiciansResource based relative value scale ePublished: 19 June 2007 Issue Published: 19 June 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
L-NMMA blocks carbachol-induced increases in cGMP levels but not decreases in tension in the presence of forskolin in rabbit papillary muscles
Authors: J. Hui, A. Tabatabaei, K. M. MacLeod
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether stimulation of the nitric oxide synthase pathway contributes to the muscarinic receptor-mediated elevation in cGMP levels and reversal of the positive inotropic response to the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin in rabbit papillary muscles. Methods: Intact rabbit papillary muscles suspended under tension in isolated tissue baths were incubated in the absence or presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor l-NG-monomethyl arginine (l-NMMA) and then treated with forskolin followed by the muscarinic agonist carbachol. The developed tension of the preparations was monitored during their exposure to drug. Papillary muscles were then frozen and subsequently assayed for cGMP levels by radioimmunoassay. Tension and cGMP levels were also measured in some papillary muscles treated with forskolin followed by sodium nitroprusside. Results: Incubation of papillary muscles with l-NMMA completely blocked increases in cGMP levels produced by carbachol, but had no effect on the reversal by carbachol of the increase in tension in response to forskolin. Sodium nitroprusside also caused a marked elevation of cGMP levels in rabbit papillary muscle, but had no significant effect on the forskolin-induced increase in tension. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that activation of muscarinic receptors results in increases in cGMP levels largely through the nitric oxide synthase pathway in rabbit papillary muscles. However, the cGMP produced through this pathway or by sodium nitroprusside does not appear to contribute to the reversal of the positive inotropic response to forskolin.
ALCOHOL IN THE GRIPPE.
Authors: CHARLES H. SHEPARD
Journal: JAMA (1895)

The present form of the grippe is an infectious disease finding its way through the respiratory mucous membrane, and the resulting toxins, by their migrations, tend to induce a lasting lassitude and depression that are characteristic symptoms in many of the cases. The primary cause of this disease is the susceptibility of the system. This is shown by the fact that some persons enjoy entire freedom, while others succumb to its influence every time it appears. There are many conditions that favor it. What is called a poor circulation is accompanied by an inability to throw off morbific influences, and persons in that condition are likely to suffer from every epidemic. The same applies to indigestion, for when the body is not well nourished there is but feeble reactive force. Those having a torpid liver find the grippe an added burden to the discomfort of life, and those with an
Proteinuria During Long-term Captopril Therapy
Authors: David B. Case
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Proteinuria developed in six of 81 hypertensive patients given captopril for at least four months (protein excretion, &gt;200 mg/24 hr). Two had previously elevated protein excretion. In all patients the increased protein excretion occurred by the fourth month of treatment. It subsided in four after two to nine months, despite continued therapy. In two of the four, proteinuria cleared completely within seven months after onset, while in the other two it subsided to the range of 600 mg/24 hr. However, in the remaining two patients proteinuria persisted during captopril therapy and was associated with hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. Renal biopsy specimens showed mild membranous nephropathy in two patients, one of whom had a remittance of proteinuria during continued captopril treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>244:346-349, 1980)
Abstract 4461: MPT0B098, a novel microtubule inhibitor, displays potent anti-angiogenic activity via destabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha mRNA
Authors: Yun-ching Cheng, Jing-Ping Liou, Wen-Yang Lai, Chi-Yen Chang, Wen-Yu Pan, Ching-Chuan Kuo, Jang-Yang Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Identification of a single agent that is able to target tumor cells, rapidly destroy tumor vasculature and inhibit angiogenesis could be an ideal approach for targeting solid tumors. We recently discover a novel sulfonamide compound, 7-aryl-indoline-1-benzene-sulfonamide (MPT0B098), as a potent microtubule inhibitor through binding to the colchicine binding site of tubulin. MPT0B098 is active against various human cancer cell growth with IC50 values ranged from 70-300 nM. Notably, HUVEC cells exhibit less susceptibility to the inhibitory effect of MPT0B098 with an IC50 of 510 nM. In addition, MPT0B098 exhibits no cross resistance with vincristine, paclitaxel, etoposide and camptothecin-resistant cell lines. Interestingly, MPT0B098 is still active toward cells (KB L30) with beta1-tubulin mutation. MPT0B098 arrests cells in G2/M phase and subsequently induces cell apoptosis through the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. In addition, using sub-lethal dose, MPT0B098 effectively suppressed to the tube formation and migration of HUVECs induced by VEGF. The expression levels of HIF-1alpha and VEGF were significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by MPT0B098 under hypoxic condition. Furthermore, HIF-1alpha-regulated genes, including cathepsin D, PDGF, VEGF, and VHL, were found to be down-regulated by MPT0B098 in A549 cells. Moreover, the decrease of the amount of HuR, a HIF-1alpha mRNA stability protein, translocated from nuclear to cytoplasm and suppression of AKT activity were coincided with decreased amount of HIF-1alpha mRNA by MPT0B098 treatment under hypoxia condition. MPT0B098 significantly suppressed tumor growth and microvessel density of tumor in H460 and KB-Vin10 xenografted mouse model. Taken together, our results indicate that MPT0B098 is a promising anticancer drug with potential for the treatment of human malignancies. (The study was supported by grants of DOH99-TD-C-111-004 from Department of Health and CA-099-PP-02 from National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, R.O.C.) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4461. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4461
Effects of geographic miss during intracoronary brachytherapy on edge stenosis at follow-up
Authors: Bonni Syeda, Ralner Schmid, Paul Wexberg, Christian Kirisits, Stefan Denk, Gilbert Beran, Peter Siostrzonek, Michael Gottsauner-Wolf, Irene Lang, Boris Pokrajac, Richard Poetler, Dietmar Glogar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Dysplastic naevi with moderate to severe histological dysplasia: a risk factor for melanoma
Authors: A.R. Shors, S. Kim, E. White, Z. Argenyi, R.L. Barnhill, P. Duray, L. Erickson, J. Guitart, M.G. Horenstein, L. Lowe, J. Messina, M.S. Rabkin, B. Schmidt, C.R. Shea, M.J. Trotter, M.W. Piepkorn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The risk of malignant melanoma associated with histologically dysplastic naevi (HDN) has not been defined. While clinically atypical naevi appear to confer an independent risk of melanoma, no study has evaluated the extent to which HDN are predictive of melanoma.To estimate the risk of melanoma associated with HDN. Secondarily, the risk associated with number of naevi and large naevi is estimated.We enrolled 80 patients with newly diagnosed melanoma along with 80 spousal controls. After obtaining information on melanoma risk factors and performing a complete cutaneous examination, the most clinically atypical naevus was biopsied in both cases and controls. Histological dysplasia was then assessed independently by 13 dermatopathologists (0, no dysplasia; 1, mild dysplasia; 2, moderate dysplasia; 3, severe dysplasia). The dermatopathologists were blinded as to whether the naevi were from melanoma subjects or controls. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine if there was an independent association between the degree of histological dysplasia in naevi and a personal history of melanoma.In persons with naevi receiving an average score of > 1 (i.e. naevi considered to have greater than mild histological dysplasia), there was an increased risk of melanoma [odds ratio (OR) 2.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-6.86] which persisted after adjustment for confounders (OR 3.99, 95% CI 1.02-15.71). Very few dermatopathologists reliably graded naevi of subjects with melanoma as being more dysplastic than naevi of control subjects. Among the entire group, the interobserver reliability associated with grading histological dysplasia in naevi was poor (weighted kappa 0.28).HDN do appear to confer an independent risk of melanoma. However, this result may add more to our biological understanding of melanoma risk than to clinical assessment of risk, because HDN assessed by a single pathologist generally cannot be used to assess risk of melanoma. Future studies should be directed at establishing reproducible, predictive criteria for grading naevi.
IMPACT OF IMPAIRED RENAL FUNCTION ON ACUTE TREATMENT AND HOSPITAL MORTALITY OF NSTE-ACS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE IN EUROPE: LESSONS FROM THE EURO HEART SURVEY ACS REGISTRY
Authors: Anselm K. Gitt, Ralf Zahn, Frank Towae, Hugo Katus, Alexander Pakhomenko, Francois Schiele, Jean-Pierre Bassand, None Euro Heart Survey ACS Registry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)