tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antihistamine treatment: a patient self-assessment method in chronic urticaria.
Authors: M W Greaves
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Meal frequency and duration of overnight fast: a role in gall-stone formation?Supersaturation of bile with cholesterol is a necessary condition for the formation of cholesterol gall stones.'Most normal people have lithogenic bile after an overnight fast,2 and short-term fasting is associated with a decreased rate of biliary bile-acid secretion and an increase in cholesterol saturation of hepatic and gall-bladder bile.3-Thus meal frequency-that is, the duration of fasting throughout the day-might have an effect on gall-stone formation.We therefore tested this hypothesis by comparing, in a prospective case-controlled study, the duration of overnight fasting in patients with gall stones and controls. Patients, methods, and resultsWe studied 380 consecutive women outpatients referred to the department of radiology for oral cholecystography.The main indications for this investigation were pain in the right hypochondrium, dyspepsia, and migraine.The patients were divided into two groups: 115 with radiolucent gall stones and 245 with a normal gall bladder, who served as controls.The control patients were individually matched to patients with gall stones for age (within five years), body weight (5 kg), number of pregnancies, and consump- tion of lithogenic drugs (oral contraceptives, clofibrate).The final study population consisted of 47 case-control pairs.The mean age and weight of the patients with gall stones and the controls was 50±SD 16 years and 61 ±-10 kg, respectively.The duration of fasting was measured from the end of the last meal of the day (always dinner) until the beginning of the next meal (breakfast or lunch).The precise composition of the breakfast was determined in all subjects.Drinking, on waking, only cup(s) of black or white coffee with or without sugar was considered to be similar to a total fast.We had verified in 10 women volunteers, by real-time ultrasonography, that coffee did not cause gall-bladder emptying.Statistical analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for paired samples.Total fast in the morning was noted in 11 patients with gall stones and five controls.The duration of overnight fasting (mean ± SEM) in the whole group was not significantly different between the patients with gall stones (13 h 30 min±36 min) and the controls (12 h 47 minim 18 min).In the youngest patients (20-35 years), however, total fast was noted in six out of 12 patients and two out of 12 controls.In these young subjects duration of overnight fasting was significantly longer in the patients with gall stones (14 h 41 min ±48 min) than in the controls (12 h 41 min 39 min; p< 0.05).We verified by using covariance analysis that no other factor modified the interpretation of this result-bor example, mean body weight in the young patients with gall stones and the controls was 60-8 ± 8-8 kg and 60-2 ±t 9-2 kg, respectively.
Comparison between aortic valve resistance and orifice area in assessing aortic stenosis severity
Authors: F. Antonini-Canterin, F. Ribichini, P. Faggiano, A. D'Aloia, Y. Ferrero, C. Burelli, E. Cervesato, D. Pavan, G.L. Nicolosi, D. Zanuttini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
RESECTION OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT PATCH DURING PULMONARY VALVE REPLACEMENT IMPROVES RIGHT VENTRICULAR VOLUMES AND EJECTION FRACTION IN PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT
Authors: Daniel S. O'Connor, Jonathan Ginns, Jan Quaegebeur, Emile Bacha, Marlon Rosenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Publishing and Presenting Clinical Research
Authors: Xavier Bosch
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BRITISH AID FOR MEN OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE IN RUSSIA
Authors: M. of Beaulieu, B. Pares, E. Barker, A. Schuster, E. P. Cathcart, C. S. Sherrington, A. S. Eddington, A. E. Shipley, I. Gollancz, H. G. Wells, R. A. Gregory, A. S. Woodward, P. C. Mitchell, C. H. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1921)
A TYPICAL CASE OF YELLOW FEVER ILLUSTRATING THE VALUE OF WIDAL'S REACTION WITH THE BACILLUS ICTEROIDES.
Authors: OTTO LERCH
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Frank, age 30 years, native of England, has resided in Louisiana during the past fifteen years. He is of florid, healthy complexion, weighs 160 pounds and has been employed in a Turkish bath establishment for several months, attending in the hot room and giving massage to the frequenters of the establishment. During the recent epidemic of yellow fever he has been employed as a nurse for patients stricken by the disease. During all this time and up to the 21st he has been in perfect health. On the 22d, at 8 P.M., he was seen by the writer and gave the following history: That on the day previous he was taken with a headache and general malaise, especially soreness in the limbs not severe enough to keep him from his daily occupation in the hot-room. He thought he had no fever on that day. On the morning he went from
Seriousness of adverse events: medical judgment is important
Authors: Javier Borja, Esther Donado, Mario Souto
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Physiotherapy compared with advice for low back painTargeting "physical factors" alone is not evidence based practice Editor-Frost et al's conclusion that "routine physiotherapy" based on physical factors was no more effective than one session of assessment and advice from a physiotherapist in the management of low back pain is not surprising. 1 But the defensive nature of the responses to this research is. 2 3 This defensiveness arises partly from the perceived rivalry between healthcare professions managing low back pain and the attention grabbing headlines used.In recent years the evidence base has highlighted that low back pain is a multifaceted phenomenon incorporating physical impairment, psychological distress, and social interruption.Thus the effective biopsychosocial management of low back pain should reflect its multifaceted nature and not just focus on the "physical factors," as was done by Frost et al.Being an evidence based practitioner should entail identifying and managing patients' risk factors because risk factors are clinical predictors of outcome and efforts to manage them may reduce the burden of low back pain for those who consult physiotherapists.Because of the recurrent nature of low back pain, talk of a "cure" is unrealistic.Thus the Physiotherapy Pain Association emphasises that patients should be taught skills to self manage their low back problem so that in the long term they are less likely to experience pain related disability and depression, thus improving their quality of life.Receiving passive treatments focusing on physical factors, which show only slight short term benefits, is not in the personal or economic interest of patients with low back pain.As is highlighted by the responses to the study by Frost et al, 3 beliefs about treatment preferences for low back pain vary across professions and can be traced to beliefs about the cause of the problem.
Myeloscopy, Possibility of Observing Lumbar Intrathecal Space by Use of an Endoscope
Authors: Y. Ooi, Y. Satoh, N. Morisaki
Journal: Endoscopy (1973)

25 cases of low back pain in our clinic underwent myeloscopic examination to observe the intrathecal space directly. No serious complication was noted in this series and we consider it might have definite merit in establishing the diagnosis of low back pain problems although there are still some difficulties for the practical use of this procedure. Outer diameter of the endoscope and the guide tube were 2.8 mm, and 3.1 mm respectively.
PURULENT BRONCHITIS COMPLICATING MEASLES AND RUBELLA
Authors: W. M. Macdonald, T. R. Ritchie, J. C. Fox, P. B. White
Journal: BMJ (1918)

Tais epidemic of exanthematous disease complicated by purulent infection of the bronchi attacked several lhundred inen belonging to a recent draft from New Zealand; 418 cases of measles and rubella occurred between January 1st and March 8th, 1918.In the large majority there was a copious frothy or muco-purulent bronchorrhoea, in 75 of them there was. a severe purulent bronclhitis, and of these 26 died.If we take into consideration only the
Anxiety disorders in a neuromuscular clinic
Authors: C M Paradis, S Friedman, R M Lazar, R W Kula
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Twenty patients with myasthenia gravis and 15 patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis were assessed with a structured interview. Fifteen patients (43%) were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Significantly more myasthenic patients (40%) than polymyositis/dermatomyositis patients (7%) were diagnosed with panic disorder/agoraphobia. These findings suggest that the symptoms of myasthenia gravis may predispose vulnerable individuals to panic disorder/agoraphobia.
Portal hypertension in primary biliary cirrhosis.
Authors: M C Kew, R R Varma, H D Santos, P J Scheuer
Journal: Gut (1971)

Evidence of portal hypertension was found in 50 out of 109 patients (47%) with primary biliary cirrhosis, and of these 32 bled from oesophageal varices. In four patients portal hypertension was the initial manifestation of the disease and this complication was recognized in a further 17 within two years of the first symptom of primary biliary cirrhosis. The development of portal hypertension was associated with a poor prognosis and death could frequently be attributed to variceal bleeding; the mean duration of survival from the time that portal hypertension was recognized was 14.9 months. Portal decompression operations may have improved the immediate prognosis in some patients but did not otherwise influence the progression of the disease. In 47 patients the histological findings in wedge biopsy or necropsy material were correlated with the presence or absence of varices. An association between nodular regeneration of the liver and varices was confirmed, but, in the absence of nodules, no other histological cause for portal venous obstruction could be found.
Epidemiology of sepsis and infection in ICU patients from an international multicentre cohort study
Authors: Corinne Alberti, Christian Brun-Buisson, Hilmar Burchardi, Claudio Martin, Sergey Goodman, Antonio Artigas, Alberto Sicignano, Mark Palazzo, Rui Moreno, Ronan Boulmé, Eric Lepage, Jean Le Gall
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2001)
Reading for Pleasure: Listen to me
Authors: J. H S Pettit
Journal: BMJ (1981)

mediate preparation such as isophane alone or in combination with soluble insulin.Because there is wide inter-subject variation in the duration of action titration of both the dose and the preparation to suit each patient's requirements is necessary.Nevertheless, in two recent series most patients with nocturnal hypoglycaemia had been receiving twice-daily regimens and ultimately responded to an average reduction of about 25% in total insulin dose and 53% in the long-acting insulin dose.3 7 Thus the smallest evening dose that will control the fasting blood sugar should be prescribed.Intra-subject variability in the rate of insulin absorption may also lead to unexpected hypoglycaemia.Insulin injected subcutaneously is absorbed more slowly from the thigh than from the arm, and is absorbed fastest from the abdomen.9Patients should therefore be told to inject a particular dose into the same part of the body.
Mortality in renal transplant recipients given erythropoietins to increase haemoglobin concentration: cohort study
Authors: G. Heinze, A. Kainz, W. H Horl, R. Oberbauer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objective </b>To determine the optimal range of increase in haemoglobin concentration with treatment with erythropoietins that is safe and is not associated with mortality. <b>Design </b>Retrospective cohort study. The analysis was adjusted for several covariables with Cox regression analysis with spline functions. Use of erythropoietins, haemoglobin concentration, and covariables were included in a time varying manner; variable selection was based on the purposeful selection algorithm. <b>Setting </b>Transplantation centres in Austria. <b>Participants </b>1794 renal transplant recipients recorded in the Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry who received a transplant between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2004 and survived at least three months. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Survival time and haemoglobin concentration after treatment with erythropoietins. <b>Results </b>The prevalence of use of erythropoietins has increased over the past 15 years to 25%. Unadjusted extended Kaplan-Meier analysis suggests higher mortality in patients treated with erythropoietins, in whom 10 year survival was 57% compared with 78% in those not treated with erythropoietins (P&lt;0.001). In the treated patients there were 5.4 events/100 person years, compared with 2.6 events/100 person years in those not treated (P&lt;0.001). After adjustment for confounding by indication, comorbidities, comedication, and laboratory readings, haemoglobin concentrations &gt;125 g/l were associated with increased mortality in treated patients (hazard ratio 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.0 to 7.9) for haemoglobin concentration 140 g/l <i>v</i> 125 g/l), but not in those not treated (0.7, 0.4 to 1.5). When haemoglobin concentrations were 147 g/l or above, patients treated with erythropoietins showed significantly higher mortality than those who were not treated (3.0, 1.0 to 9.4). <b>Conclusion </b>Increasing haemoglobin concentrations to above 125 g/l with erythropoietins in renal transplant recipients is associated with an increase in mortality. This increase was significant at concentrations above 140 g/l.
Differential effects of microenvironmentally presented interleukin 3 versus soluble growth factor on primitive human hematopoietic cells.
Authors: T Otsuka, J D Thacker, C J Eaves, D E Hogge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The effect of IL-3 on hematopoiesis in long-term culture (LTC) was studied by cocultivating normal human marrow cells with human marrow fibroblast feeders engineered to constitutively produce IL-3 and by adding soluble IL-3 to LTC according to a variety of dose-time schedules. Feeders stably producing 7 ng/ml IL-3, or LTC to which 10 ng/ml IL-3 was added daily for 5 wk, but not once or twice weekly for the same time period, increased the output of mature nonadherent cells and progenitors from LTC as compared to control cultures. At the time of the weekly half-medium change, when primitive clonogenic progenitors in the adherent layer of standard LTC are quiescent, such cells were actively cycling in cultures containing a continuous source of an adequate dose of IL-3. In LTC, where the proportion of IL-3-producing cells in the feeder layer was diluted to 10% and no IL-3 was detectable in culture medium, primitive adherent layer progenitors were, nevertheless, maintained as a population of continuously proliferating cells. Thus, the presence of IL-3 in LTC can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of very early human hematopoietic cells, but the concentration, duration of exposure, and method of IL-3 presentation are important determinants of the ultimate effects observed.
Dietary Fiber for the Diabetic
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Fiber, the touted prophylaxis for a host of disorders<sup>1</sup>— hemorrhoids, hiatus hernia, varicose veins, gallbladder disease, appendicitis, diverticulitis, colon cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease—has had a rough time living up to the claims made in its behalf. Until recently only one claim—and this by no means a new one—has remained uncontested. Fiber is great for constipation. Recent studies suggest that fiber may also prove useful in controlling hyperglycemia. Douglass<sup>2</sup>noted a decrease in insulin requirements of two diabetic patients when they increased the amount of raw, unprocessed, fiber-rich foods in their diets. Jenkins et al<sup>3</sup>observed a drop in postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels in eight insulin-independent and three insulin-dependent diabetic subjects after two fiber products, pectin and guar, had been added to the standardized meals. Kiehm et al<sup>4</sup>reported a lowering of fasting plasma glucose levels and a diminished need of sulfonylureas or
Workshop report on Hodgkin’s disease and related diseases (‘grey zone’ lymphoma)
Authors: T. Rüdiger, E.S. Jaffe, G. Delsol, C. deWolf-Peeters, R.D. Gascoyne, A. Georgii, N.L. Harris, M.E. Kadin, K.A. MacLennan, S. Poppema, H. Stein, L.E. Weiss, H.K. Müller-Hermelink
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)
Improvement in contractile recovery of isolated rat heart after cardioplegic ischaemic arrest with endogenous phosphocreatine: involvement of antiperoxidative effect?
Authors: E. A Conorev, V. G Sharov, V. A Saks
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Improvement in contractile recovery of isolated rat heart after cardioplegic ischaemic arrest with endogenous phosphocreatine: involvement of antiperoxidative effect? Get access Eugene A Conorev, Eugene A Conorev Laboratory of Bioenergetics, USSR Cardiology Research Centre, 3 Cherepkovskaya Street 15a, Moscow 121552, USSR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Victor G Sharov, Victor G Sharov Laboratory of Bioenergetics, USSR Cardiology Research Centre, 3 Cherepkovskaya Street 15a, Moscow 121552, USSR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Valdur A Saks Valdur A Saks Laboratory of Bioenergetics, USSR Cardiology Research Centre, 3 Cherepkovskaya Street 15a, Moscow 121552, USSR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 2, February 1991, Pages 164–171, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.2.164 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Accepted: 16 November 1989 Received: 26 March 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Spinal manipulation and mobilisation for back and neck pain: a blinded review.
Authors: B W Koes, W J Assendelft, G J van der Heijden, L M Bouter, P G Knipschild
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To assess the efficacy of spinal manipulation for patients with back or neck pain. DESIGN--Computer aided search for published papers and blinded assessment of the methods of the studies. SUBJECTS--35 randomised clinical trials comparing spinal manipulation with other treatments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Score for quality of methods (based on four main categories: study population, interventions, measurement of effect, and data presentation and analysis) and main conclusion of author(s) with regard to spinal manipulation. RESULTS--No trial scored 60 or more points (maximum score 100) suggesting that most were of poor quality. Eighteen studies (51%) showed favourable results for manipulation. In addition, five studies (14%) reported positive results in one or more subgroups. Of the four studies with 50-60 points, one reported that manipulation was better, two reported that manipulation was better in only a subgroup, and one reported that manipulation was no better or worse than reference treatment. Eight trials attempted to compare manipulation with some placebo, with inconsistent results. CONCLUSIONS--Although some results are promising, the efficacy of manipulation has not been convincingly shown. Further trials are needed, but much more attention should be paid to the methods of study.
The Role of the School and the Community in Sex Education and Related Problems
Authors: Thomas E. Shaffer
Journal: JAMA (1966)

There is a universal feeling that not enough nor the right kind of sex education is being done at home, in the school, or elsewhere. Most parents, teachers, physicians, ministers, nurses, youth leaders, and school and college youth would agree that there could be improvements. Sex education is a complex topic. There is, however, as we all know, more to it than classroom instruction, because under this "umbrella" are a number of related but individual goals. Among these are answering simple questions of children; supplying facts about the anatomy and physiology of the organs of reproduction; providing help and direction to boys and girls in establishing appropriate masculine and feminine roles; developing acceptable sexual behavior; preparation for marriage; a foundation for responsible parenthood and achievement of a happy, stable family life; comprehending the issues in population controls; teaching the importance of preventing certain infectious diseases; and reducing the problems of
Nanomaterials and the Precautionary Principle
Authors: Kevin C. Elliott
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Kessler (2011) provided a valuable update on the current state of research and regulatory pol icy concerning nano materials.However, the article could give the mis leading impression that the precautionary principle constitutes a straightforward guideline for improving public policy in this area.Instead, the precautionary principle provides only a general framework that must be specified before one can ade quately assess its implications for policy.Near the beginning of the article, Kessler (2011) quoted Alexis BadenMayer, who worried,[I]n our regulation of food and consumer prod ucts, we don't implement the precautionary principle.Things go to market before we know whether or not they're really safe for human beings over the long term.Kessler (2011) concluded with a quotation from Michael Hansen: I think we need to take a precautionary approach because we've learned the hard way over and over and over again.You'd think we would learn.