tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Study links iodine deficiency in pregnancy with poor cognitive outcomes in children
Authors: L. Loewenthal
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A study of nearly 1000 pregnant women from the United Kingdom has found that two thirds were deficient in iodine and that this deficiency was associated with a lower IQ and poorer reading ability in their children.1

The Lancet study used stored urine samples and data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), also known as “the children of the 90s cohort.”

Iodine concentrations were measured in 958 urine samples taken in the first trimester of pregnancy and correlated with the IQ of the children when they were 8 years old and with their reading …
712-6 Detecting Myocardial Stunning During CABG Surgery with Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography (MCE)
Authors: Solomon Aronson, Anthony Fernandez, Christopher Young, Long Han, Alicia Toledano, Bryan Lee, Robert Karp, Stephen Feinstein, Robert Savage, Allan Klein, Bruce Lylel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Research Enrollment and Informed Consent—Reply
Authors: David Wendler
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low cost measures should be used to tackle high suicide rate in India
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A leading global mental health expert has called for urgent action to reduce suicide rates in India, which are among the highest in the world.

Vikram Patel, professor of international mental health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, said suicide rates could be reduced by “relatively low cost” measures such as providing better care for people with depression and restricting access to pesticides, the ingestion of which is a common method of suicide.

Patel said there was a “hidden epidemic” of suicides among young people in India. “Completed suicides are just the tip of the iceberg. Most suicide attempts are simply unreported,” he said.

The suicide rate among Indian women, aged 15 years or older, is more …
Amplification of bacteria-induced platelet activation is triggered by FcγRIIA, integrin αIIbβ3, and platelet factor 4
Authors: Mònica Arman, Krystin Krauel, Dorothea O. Tilley, Claudia Weber, Dermot Cox, Andreas Greinacher, Steven W. Kerrigan, Steve P. Watson
Journal: Blood (2014)
Treatment of Typhoid Fever.
Authors: John Eliot Woodbridge
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Cleveland, Ohio, Oct. 12, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Will you permit me to second the wise suggestion which appears in theJournal, of October 2, under the caption "A Way to Settle the Respective Merits of the'Brand' and 'Woodbridge' Treatment of Typhoid Fever." Permit me, also, to assure your correspondent that I cheerfully accept all of his conditions and I will meet such a commission as he advises, whenever it may command my services and wherever it may choose to hold its sessions, whether in some typhoid stricken city in the United States, in England, on the Plains of Thessaly, or wherever the disease may occur; only show me the patients and I will supervise the treatment of as many cases of typhoid as may be necessary to enable the commission to make a<i>final</i>and<i>decisive</i>report. No one shall be taxed either for my services or for my
Location, location, location: microlocalisation of inflammatory cells and airway dysfunction
Authors: C E Brightling
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Role of inflammatory cell location in the pathogenesis of asthma, COPD, and cough

Most inflammatory mediators are rapidly inactivated once they leave the cell so that they act across distances of only a few microns. It is therefore likely that microlocalisation between inflammatory and structural cells is a fundamental organising principle of airway inflammation and repair.

Enthusiasm for the view that microlocalisation is important in obstructive airway diseases has been fuelled by studies which showed inflammatory cells within the airway smooth muscle in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but not in normal controls. In asthma the airway smooth muscle is infiltrated by mast cells, predominantly of the chymase positive phenotype. Mast cell numbers correlate inversely with airway responsiveness,1 which suggests that interactions between mast cells and smooth muscle cells are central in the development of the disordered physiology in asthma. The strength of this assertion is underpinned by the paucity of mast cells within the airway smooth muscle in eosinophilic bronchitis, a condition that presents with chronic cough and shares many of the immunopathological features of asthma but is not associated with airflow obstruction or airway hyperresponsiveness.1–3 Importantly, there is evidence that mast cells infiltrating the airway smooth muscle bundle are activated; a necroscopic study of fatal and non-fatal asthma has shown that there is a marked increase in mast cell degranulation in the airway smooth muscle in both the large and small airways.4

A recent study has investigated whether a similar …
Alzheimer Disease, Down Syndrome and their Relationship
Authors: F J Dunne
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The first detailed description of Down's syndrome is attributed to the English physician John Langdon Down in 1886. In 1907 the German neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer published a report of progressive intellectual, deterioration in a middle aged patient, and a subsequent necropsy identified the presence of plaques and intensely staining fibrils. The term Alzheimer's disease was subsequently applied by Kraepelin (1910) to describe a presenile dementia characterised by what were then believed to be unique histopathological findings.

It was not until 1948 that George A Jervis first recognised a genuine association between Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. However, his findings languished in relative …
Impact of HER2 Gene and Protein Status on the Treatment Outcome of Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Shoichi Kuyama, Katsuyuki Hotta, Masahiro Tabata, Yoshihiko Segawa, Yoshiro Fujiwara, Nagio Takigawa, Katsuyuki Kiura, Hiroshi Ueoka, Kenji Eguchi, Mitsune Tanimoto
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Effect of calcitonin treatment on deafness due to Paget's disease of bone.
Authors: L R Solomon, J M Evanson, D P Canty, N W Gill
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Seventeen patients with Paget's disease of the skull and deafness were followed for nine to 18 months. Patients who received calcitonin treatment showed less deterioration in hearing than untreated patients. Calcitonin treatment may retard the progression of deafness in Paget's disease, and further studies are indicated.
Pelvimetry and the True Conjugate
Authors: J. Howkins
Journal: BMJ (1938)

JOLRNALfirst intention and the patient went home on April 8, a fortnight after the operation.He has been seen and examined several times since.In February, 1937, he served as second engineer on a trip to the East, and returned in June.He was then carefLully examined by us, but nothing abnormal couild be found in the chest or abdomen.In fact he felt and looked perfectly well.
Jan van Es
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The mitochondrial Tim chaperones are responsible for the transport of membrane proteins across the inter-membrane space to the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. TIM9·10, a hexameric 70 kDa protein complex formed by 3 copies of Tim9 and Tim10, guides its clients across the aqueous compartment. The TIM9·10·12 complex is the anchor point at the inner-membrane insertase complex TIM22. The subunit composition of the TIM9·10·12 complex remains debated. Joint NMR, small-angle X-ray scattering and MD simulation data allow us to derive a structural model of the TIM9·10·12 assembly, which has a 2:3:1 stoichiometry (Tim9:Tim10:Tim12). We find that both TIM9·10 and TIM9·10·12 hexamers are in a dynamic equilibrium with their constituent subunits, exchanging on a minutes time scale. Residue-resolved NMR data establish that the subunits exhibit large conformational dynamics: when the conserved cysteines of the CX<sub>3</sub>C-X<sub><i>n</i></sub>-CX<sub>3</sub>C motifs are formed, short marginally stable <i>α</i>-helices are formed, and these are fully stabilized only upon formation of the mature hexameric chaperone. We propose that the continuous subunit exchange is a means of mitochondria to control their level of inter-membrane space chaperones, and thus rapidly adapt to the cellular state.
Aeromedical evacuation of the seriously ill.
Authors: H F Oxer
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Almost any patient may be carried by air, but air transport introduces some special problems owing to the effects of altitude, noise, turbulence, and the special environment. Because of these factors it is important to know when considering a patient's suitability for air transport the type of aircraft to be used, the flight profile--its duration and expected cabin altitudes--and the facilities available on board. It is essential to carry all equipment (as simple and as portable as possible), drugs, and diets that may be needed, and to be sure that all the skills and nursing help needed to deal with any possible problems are available.
Coeliac disease and immunological disorders.
Authors: B T Cooper, G K Holmes, W T Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Out of 314 patients with coeliac disease, 63 had associated disorders of known or suspected immunological cause (excluding aphthous stomatitis and dermatitis herpetiformis). Autoimmune diseases appeared to occur more often in patients with coeliac disease than in the normal population, 52 such diseases being found in 45 patients. Of individual disorders, diabetes mellitus, thyroid diseases, and ulcerative colitis seemed to be more common than expected. Atopy (asthma and eczema) occurred in 7% of the patients. Most of these immunological disorders developed when the patients were on normal diet. A gluten-free diet and virtually normal jejunum did not prevent their development, and the diet had little ameliorating effect on their course apart from an occasional dramatic improvement in atopic patients.
Regional Citrate Anticoagulation for Hemodialysis in the Patient at High Risk for Bleeding
Authors: Robert V. Pinnick, Thomas B. Wiegmann, Dennis A. Diederich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

CONVENTIONAL hemodialysis requires heparin anticoagulation to prevent clotting in the dialysis assembly. Hemodialysis of the patient who is at high risk for hemorrhage is complicated by a 10 to 30 per cent incidence of bleeding, which results from systemic anticoagulation.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Alternatives to conventional heparin anticoagulation that are designed to reduce bleeding complications during hemodialysis include limited-dose heparinization,1 , 2 neutralization of heparin with protamine,2 , 3 prostacyclin infusion,4 , 5 and non-anticoagulant high-flow-rate hemodialysis.6 , 7 Although the incidence of bleeding complications has been reduced, each of these methods has its own limitations or complications.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 We have developed a unique method using sodium citrate as the sole anticoagulant. . . .
Awareness during anaesthesia.
Authors: J. W. McIntyre
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MEDIISOURshowed crystal clear fluid under normal pressure.Microscopic examination showed no cells, and the protein content was 35 mg./100 ml.It was thought that the hypertensive crisis might be a consequence of the drug therapy.In case the administration of pethidine was a contributory factor, she was treated with a forced acid diuresis and a minimal urine pH of 4-8 was obtained.The blood pressure started to fall and by 10 hours after the ingestion of Mucron it had reached a level of 130/70.The blood pressure remained normal during the rest of her stay in hospital, and on follow-up one month later she was normotensive and asympto- matic apart from a mild depression.
Exposure of midwives to nitrous oxide in four hospitals.
Authors: A J Munley, R Railton, W M Gray, K B Carter
Journal: BMJ (1986)

The exposure of midwives to nitrous oxide in four hospitals was measured with personal samplers. In three of the four hospitals the average exposure was not significantly less than 100 parts per million (ppm). In one hospital the average exposure was 360 ppm; this was reduced by a factor of about 2.5 when a trial scavenging system was used. Differences in working practices and in the layout, size, and ventilation of the labour suites contributed to the observed differences in average exposure. Midwives and other staff working in the labour room are potentially at risk from excessive occupational exposure to nitrous oxide.
The Operated Heart at Autopsy
Authors: Syed A. Hoda
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metastatic periungual squamous cell carcinoma: Detection of human papillomavirus type 35 RNA in the digital tumor and axillary lymph node metastases
Authors: Regis W McHugh, Paul Hazen, Yehuda D Eliezri, Gerard J Nuovo
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1996)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with benign and malignant cutaneous and mucosal neoplasms including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anogenital, oral, and periungual regions.1-6 HPV has been identified in recalcitrant verrucae-like SCCs of the fingernail bed or periungual region.1,7-9 Although HPV type 16 was the predominant type, in one patient HPV 35 was found.9 The majority of the SCCs of the nail unit associated with HPV were in situ rumors.Although dermal invasion was occasionally noted, there have been no reports of bone involvement or metastatic disease,I, 7-12We describe a man with a wartlike SCC of the fingernail bed that metastasized regionally.Prior reports of the association of oncogenic HPV with cutaneous periungual SCC prompted us to search for the virus.
Scintigraphic Evaluation of Regional Migratory Osteoporosis
Authors: S M KIM, A G DESAI, M KRAKOVITZ, C M INTENZO, C H PARK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Three patients with regional migratory osteoporosis (RMO) of the lower extremity were observed over a period of time with clinical and scintigraphic follow-up. The diagnosis of RMO is clinically and radiographically difficult, but a three-phase bone image is very helpful in diagnosing patients with RMO.
THE PROLIFERATION OF PLASMA CELLS FROM MOUSE BONE MARROW IN VITRO
Authors: Kunie Nakamura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

An in vitro proliferative system for immunoglobulin-G-forming plasma cells from the bone marrow of mice was established by the addition of antigenic protein and thymic cells or their homogenate to bone marrow cultures. The promoting activity of the thymus on plasma cells was independent from mouse strain, but it differed in strength with the variations of donor strains. Synthesis of immunoglobulin-G in proliferating plasma cells and its antibody reactivity against the administered antigen were demonstrated by immunocytological analyses.
APACHE scoring and prediction of survival in intensive care
Authors: S N Pilkington
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—We are disappointed that Minerva has fallen into the same trap as others before her in misconstruing the role of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) score in critically ill patients.1 Although the APACHE systems can be used to provide information on the risks of death for a group of patients suffering from a specific disease category that may require admission to an …
Switzerland is to fund complementary therapies for six years while effectiveness is evaluated
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Complementary medicine in Switzerland will be covered by public health insurance from 2012 until the end of 2017 as part of a temporary scientific evaluation plan to determine whether state coverage should be made permanent.

The plan, outlined in January by the Swiss Department of Home Affairs and which will include oversight from an “internationally recognised institution,” comes after two thirds of Swiss voters in 2009 approved a referendum in support of state reimbursement of complementary medicine.

The five therapies included in the plan are anthroposophical medicine (which focuses on the body, life force, soul, and spirit and can include natural substances as well as conventional drugs), homoeopathy, neural therapy (in which local anaesthetic is injected near nerve centres), phytotherapy (or herbal …
AB0001 Prevalence of kir b haplotype in irish rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: C. M. Mcgeough, D. Gibson, M. Slevin, G. Wright, P. Gardiner, O. Fitzgerald, A. J. Bjourson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Killer cell immunoglobulin like receptors (KIR) expressed on NK and T cell subsets interact with HLA ligands to influence the reactivity of these cells. The KIR/HLA genotype of an individual can affect immune responses to infection and susceptibility to autoimmunity based on the number/type of genes present (1-3). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate KIR/HLA-C genotypes and haplotypes in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> One hundred and fifty one rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and 100 healthy controls (HC) were DNA typed for 15 KIR genes and HLA-C group 1 and 2 alleles by PCR-SSP. KIR gene content in each group was determined by direct counting and broad haplotypes AA and Bx were assigned. The Bx haplotype was defined by the presence of inhibiting KIR 2DL2, 2DL5 and/or activating KIR 2DS1, 2DS2, 2DS3, 2DS5 or 3DS1. In the AA haplotype all these genes are absent. <h3>Results</h3> Comparison of individual KIR gene content between the RA group and controls did not show any significant differences. The availability of HLA-C1 and C2 ligands for inhibitory KIR was also similar between the RA and HC groups, C1/C1 (50%), C2/C2 (10%), C1/C2 (40%). Analysis of KIR genotypes and haplotype assignation revealed that the Bx haplotype which contains more than one activating KIR was significantly more frequent in the RA group compared to controls (76% vs. 60 %; <i>P</i> = 0.01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Prevalence of the Bx haplotype in this RA population and subsequent availability of more activating KIR on NK and T cells could promote inflammatory responses in this disease. <h3>References</h3> Kakoo SI et al. HLA and NK cell inhibitory receptor genes in resolving hepatitis C infection. Science 2004; 305:872–4. Nelson GW et al. Heterozygote advantage in autoimmune disease: hierarchy of protection/susceptibility conferred by HLA and killer Ig-like receptor combinations in Psoriatic arthritis. J Immunol 2004;173:4273–6 Hollenbach JA et al. Susceptibility to Crohn's disease is mediated by KIR2DL2/KIR2DL3 heterozygosity and the HLA-C ligand. Immunogenetics 2009; 61:633–71. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1158: Detection of clonally expanded HBV DNA integration sites as a marker for early detection of HBV related HCC.
Authors: Selena Lin, Surbhi Jain, Timothy Block, Frank Song, Ying Hsiu Su
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the 5th most frequent cancer worldwide, has a 5-year survival rate of 14% because it is difficult to diagnose at its curative stages. The goal of this project is to determine if the detection of clonally expanded HBV DNA integration sites can be used as a marker for early detection of HBV related HCC (HBV-HCC) in order to improve its prognosis Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are associated with over 80% of HCC cases worldwide. Upon infection, the HBV genome integrates into the host chromosome at a random site, thus creating a unique genetic signature for each HBV infected cell. Certain HBV infected cells undergo progressive “uncontrolled clonal expansion” leading to the development of tumors, resulting in an over expansion of the unique HBV integration sites making them the predominant or “major HBV integration sites” (MIS). Cell-free circulating DNA from cancer patients reflects the characteristics of the tumor DNA. We and others have shown that urine contains DNA from the circulation and can be used as a source for cell-free circulating DNA. Successful detection of HBV integration sites in the circulation of HBV-HCC patients has not been demonstrated. In order to detect cell free circulating HBV DNA integration sites, a targeted enriched Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) assay was developed. Targeted enrichment was performed using an in-solution hybridization platform with biotinylated HBV RNA baits surrounding the HBV DNA nucleotide positions 1571 to 1960, the most frequent HBV breakpoint region. The assay was tested using library constructed DNA controls: Hep3B, which contains integrated DNA, and HepG2, which contains no HBV DNA. To determine the amount of captured DNA containing HBV DNA, the captured DNA was quantified for HBV containing DNA and total captured DNA. Almost all captured DNA contained HBV DNA. To confirm targeted capture of integrated HBV DNA, the captured DNA was cloned followed by sequencing. 3 out of 3 clones that were sequenced contain integrated HBV DNA. This assay demonstrated targeted capture and enrichment of HBV integration sites. This assay will be tested for sensitivity in detecting HBV integration sites and used to establish the criteria for the appearance of MIS as a biomarker for HBV-HCC. Overall, if successful, this cancer related HBV DNA marker would offer a high specificity and sensitivity in screening for HBV-HCC. Citation Format: Selena Lin, Surbhi Jain, Timothy Block, Frank Song, Ying Hsiu Su. Detection of clonally expanded HBV DNA integration sites as a marker for early detection of HBV related HCC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1158. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1158