tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a New Visual Test Strip for Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: S M Marshall, K G M M Alberti
Journal: Diabetes Care (1983)

We have compared the performance of the newly available blood glucose test strip, Visidex (Ames Division, Miles Laboratories Ltd., Stoke Poges, Slough, United Kingdom), designed for visual reading, with that of the already available BM-Test-Glycemie 20–800 [Boehringer Mannheim Corporation (London) Ltd., Lewes, East Sussex, United Kingdom]. The new test strip proved slightly less accurate over a wide range of blood glucose values and was less precise at normal and high glucose values. The color of the Visidex faded more rapidly on storage and errors in timing of the blood strip reaction caused greater inaccuracies. At present BM-Test-Glycemie 20–800 remains the visual glucose test strip of choice, although even with this strip there was a wide scatter of values when used by patients.
Effect of daily oral omeprazole on 24 hour intragastric acidity.
Authors: R P Walt, M D Gomes, E C Wood, L H Logan, R E Pounder
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Twenty four hour intragastric acidity was measured in nine patients with duodenal ulcer before and after one week of treatment with oral omeprazole 30 mg daily, a drug that inhibits gastric secretion by inhibition of parietal cell H+K+ adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase). Omeprazole virtually eliminated intragastric acidity in all patients: the median 24 hour intragastric pH rose from 1.4 to 5.3 and the mean hourly hydrogen ion activity fell from 38.50 to 1.95 mmol(mEq)/1 (p less than 0.001). This inhibition of 24 hour intragastric acidity is more profound than that previously reported with either cimetidine 1 g daily or ranitidine 300 mg daily.
Atelectasis: Recent Concepts.
Authors: Alton I. Sutnick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 February 1964Atelectasis: Recent Concepts.Alton I. Sutnick, M.D. (Associate)Alton I. Sutnick, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-2-336_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe production of atelectasis has classically been viewed as a mechanical process involving one of two mechanisms: bronchial obstruction or external compression of the alveoli. Although the existence of nonobstructive atelectasis has been recognized for many years, investigation of the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon has been a relatively recent development.The forces of surface tension are now generally considered to be a powerful stimulus to alveolar collapse. A naturally occurring antagonist to these forces, pulmonary surfactant, maintains alveolar patency. The activity of this surfactant has been altered under certain experimental conditions and in a number of clinical disease states.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Alton I. Sutnick, M.D. (Associate)Affiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1964Volume 60, Issue 2_Part_1Page: 336-336KeywordsAlveoli ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparative Changes in Segmental Vascular Resistance in Response to Nerve Stimulation and to Norepinephrine
Authors: Francois M. Abboud, John W. Eckstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

The effects of stimulating sympathetic nerve fibers and of intra-arterial norepinephrine on vascular pressures and resistances in muscle and paw of perfused forelegs of dogs were compared by means of small vessel cannulations and during constant blood flow. The following conclusions may be drawn: 1. Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes constriction of the large artery segment predominantly. The constriction appears to be most intense at the level of the carpus. 2. The large artery constriction at the level of the carpus diverts blood flow away from the paw and into more proximal muscular parts of the foreleg. 3. Changes in segmental vascular resistances during nerve stimulation differ in paw and muscle. In the paw, venous segments constrict markedly whereas small vessel segments usually dilate and may constrict minimally; but in the muscle, arterial and small vessel segments constrict more than venous segments. 4. The effects of norepinephrine differ from those of nerve stimulation. Norepinephrine causes constriction of small vessels in paw predominantly. Constriction of both small vessel and venous segments in paw exceeds constriction of corresponding segments in muscle.
DISINFECTION OF THE MOUTH A POTENT FACTOR IN THE TREATMENT OF LA GRIPPE.
Authors: G. V. I. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1897)

In my capacity as a dentist, through dispensary and hospital practice incident to the study of general medicine, and by consultation with physicians in regular practice, who were particularly alive to the importance of the oral cavity in its relation to other disturbances, several conclusions have been borne upon my mind, which it is my desire to make the basis of this discussion. 1. That the disinfection of the oral cavity ought to be, and would be, if the necessity of it were sufficiently understood, as much a part of preliminary treatment of many diseases as the administration of a cathartic. 2. What is wanted to bring the dentist and the medical practitioner more frequently into consultation, as they ought to be, is not so much reports of remarkable cases, which, while they call attention to the possibilities of trouble, do not give an adequate idea of the frequency of
Maculopathy from handheld green diode laser pointer
Authors: K. Ziahosseini, J. P. Doris, G. S. Turner
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To review recent developments in the field of travel medicine and to outline the knowledge and resources family physicians need for providing health advice to travelers headed for tropical or developing countries. <h3>QUALITY OF EVIDENCE</h3> Personal files; references from review articles and from a recent textbook of travel medicine; current guidelines on pretravel advice; and a review of the 1996 to 1999 MEDLINE database using "travel medicine" as a term and subject heading, "trave(l)lers9 diarrhea" as a text word and subject heading, "immunization + travel," and "malaria + chemo prevention" were used as information sources. Priority was given to randomized controlled trials and recommendations of expert or national bodies. <h3>MAIN MESSAGE</h3> Some elements of travel medicine, such as malaria chemoprophylaxis, have become more complex. Some valuable new preventive measures, such as hepatitis A vaccine, treated bed nets, and antimalarial drugs, have become available. Some health risks, such as cholera, have been overemphasized in the past, whereas others, such as tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases, have been underemphasized. Information sources relevant for providing travel health advice have improved and expanded. Canadian evidence-based guidelines addressing most important travel health issues are now available. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> Travel medicine is a rapidly evolving field. Physicians intending to provide health advice to travelers to high-risk parts of the world should be well prepared and have access to good, up-to-date information.
128 DIAGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY (FIBROSCAN) TO IDENTIFY PATIENTS ELIGIBLE FOR ANTIVIRAL TREATMENT IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: V. Leroy, M. Adler, P. Marcellin, N. Sturm, C. Moreno, P. Bedossa, A. Cheveau, J.-P. Zarski, T. Asselah
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
The use of race in medical research
Authors: L. D. Hankoff
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The Commentary by Drs Osborne and Feit1is an effort to impose an ideology of political correctness on medical research. They conclude that there is  need to  individuals or groups who may be affected by harmful medical  and that publications of human research should only be approved if the research is designed to improve or protect the health of patients with the  to solve specific medical problems by adducing helpful, pertinent, and conclusive data. Are they offering to decide what is pertinent and to judge the intention of the researchers?  They open asking rhetorically, Is racial research in medicine racist? and answer that there is a predilection for making comparisons that are of an invidious nature in relation to race. They quote from 1851 (why not 1751?) and select articles including  headline from  newsletter2to support their conclusion.  It
List of "wanted" US healthcare thieves is posted on the web
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

It used to be that “Wanted” posters of bank robbers and murderers were tacked to the wall in local post offices in the United States. Now the Office of the Inspector General of the federal Department of Health and Human Services has moved into the internet age.

On its website (http://oig.hhs.gov/fugitives) the department has posted photos and profiles of people …
Sports Medicine in Primary Care
Authors: Bruno Balke
Journal: JAMA (1982)

A general physician's practice in sports medicine requires extensive knowledge and skills in basic and clinical areas of medicine in addition to years of experience in a variety of physical activities. In Western and Eastern European countries the need for specialization in sports medicine was recognized many years ago, and extensive workshops were offered as a prerequisite for a certification process. Possibly this might happen in the United States too, because the recent popular fitness movement can only prosper with sufficient medical attention.<i>Sports Medicine in Primary Care</i>provides some guidance to the general medical practitioner who lives in a sports-minded community. It familiarizes the reader with a score of physiological, medical, and pathological problems that may be encountered in practice. Chapter 1, dealing with physiological aspects of exercise, has to be read with a critical mind. Several statements, at least, are debatable. General physical conditioning is emphasized not only
VACCINE VIRUS—ITS PREPARATION AND THE COMPLICATIONS ATTENDING ITS USE.
Authors: JOSEPH McFARLAND
Journal: JAMA (1902)

The history of vaccination and its adoption as a prophylactic measure are too well known to need repeating here. The evolution of the vaccine virus is, however, another matter, on which a striking lack of information seems to exist among some of the most practical members of the profession, and I feel that in addressing you upon this subject I may arrange the matter in a new and suggestive form for your subsequent reflection if I contribute no new facts to your store of knowledge. <h3>1. The Relation of Vaccinia to Variola.</h3> —This has been the subject of arguments from the very inception of Jenner's theory that cowpox protected against smallpox, and there is still some lack of uniformity in the opinions of different writers. Without entering into details, the relationship stands somewhat as follows: A century ago, when everybody expected at some period of his life to have smallpox,
Therapy of hepatitis C: Patients with normal aminotransferase levels
Authors: P Marcellin, S Levy, S Erlinger
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

An important group of patients with chronic hepatitis C have normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels despite having hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA detectable in serum. These patients are typically identified after donating blood and being found to be positive for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). A strict definition of this patient population is needed, which should include presence of anti-HCV, HCV RNA detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and persistently normal ALT levels. These patients are usually asymptomatic, but almost all have histological evidence of chronic hepatitis on liver biopsy. The liver histological lesions are generally mild, and cirrhosis is rare. The long-term outcome of this group of patients with chronic HCV infection is not known, but the prognosis is probably good. In small, uncontrolled trials of α interferon in this group of patients, end- of-treatment virological responses occurred in approximately 50% and sustained responses 6 to 12 months afterwards in 20%. These rates of response are not very different from those reported in patients with abnormal ALT levels. Importantly, in most studies, serum ALT levels became abnormal during therapy in approximately half of patients, and levels remained abnormal in a proportion after therapy. These findings suggest that α interferon therapy is not usually beneficial and may be harmful in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have normal ALT levels, perhaps as a result of the immunomodulatory actions of α interferon that may alter the balance of host immune reactions and viral replication, which seem to be responsible for the liver injury in chronic hepatitis C.
Diagnostic usefulness of a T-cell-based assay for osteoarticular tuberculosis
Authors: Oh-Hyun Cho, Su-Jin Park, Ki-Ho Park, Yong Pil Chong, Heungsup Sung, Mi-Na Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Jun Hee Woo, Yang Soo Kim, Sung-Han Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
The cellular basis for lack of antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in humans.
Authors: E Egea, A Iglesias, M Salazar, C Morimoto, M S Kruskall, Z Awdeh, S F Schlossman, C A Alper, E J Yunis
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

We had previously obtained evidence that among normal subjects the humoral antibody response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was bimodally distributed with about 14% of subjects producing less than 1,000 estimated radioimmunoassay RIA units. From the study of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) markers in the very poor responders who produced less than 36 estimated RIA units of antibody, it appeared that there was an excess of homozygotes for two extended haplotypes [HLA-B8, SC01, DR3] and [HLA-B44, FC31, DR7]. This finding suggested that a poor response was inherited as a recessive trait requiring nonresponse genes for HBsAg on both MHC haplotypes and was strengthened by finding a much lower antibody response among prospectively immunized homozygotes for [HLA-B8, SC01, DR3] compared with heterozygotes. In the present study, we have analyzed the cellular basis for nonresponse to this antigen by examining antigen-specific proliferation of T cells from responders and nonresponders in the presence and absence of autologous CD8+ (suppressor) cells. Peripheral blood cells from nonresponders to HBsAg failed to undergo a proliferative response to recombinant HBsAg in vitro, whereas cells from responders proliferated vigorously. This failure of cells from nonresponders to proliferate was not reversed in cell mixtures containing CD4+ and antigen-presenting cells devoid of CD8+ cells. There was no difference between responders and nonresponders with respect to the number of circulating T cells or their subsets, or the proliferative response to mitogens such as pokeweed or phytohemagglutinin or another antigen, tetanus toxoid. Our results indicate that our HBsAg nonresponding subjects have a very specific failure in antigen presentation or the stimulation of T helper cells, or both. Our evidence is against specific immune suppression as the basis for their nonresponsiveness. The failure of antigen presentation or T cell help is consistent with recessive inheritance of nonresponsiveness and suggests that response is dominantly inherited.
Optimal timing of operation for bleeding peptic ulcer
Authors: A Fiennes, S J Cawthorn
Journal: BMJ (1984)

of "endoscopic stigmata," or considerable blood loss would be indications for surgery.Interestingly in Mr Morris's study the results in the elderly duodenal ulcer group treated conservatively do not support the authors' conclusion.Despite these patients being denied operation until their second rebleed or until they had sustained a considerable overall volume loss, apparently over 70% settled without surgery.Moreover, the mortality of this group was similar to that of those managed more aggressively.
OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RESPONSE TO HIGH GLUCOSE LEVELS IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS AND IN ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS. EVIDENCE FOR DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES
Authors: Alberto Balbarini, Francesca Felice, Maria Chiara Barsotti, Laura Pucci, Daniela Lucchesi, Giuseppe Penno, Stefano Del Prato, Rossella Di Stefano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Safety of Weekly Plasmapheresis-Reply
Authors: Herbert A. Perkins
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In Reply.—  Drs Galloway and Koepke are quite correct in stating that the measurement of total serum protein concentration only can miss declines of immunoglobulin levels that may be significant. Regulations of the Food and Drug Administration also require testing the serum of plasmapheresis donors either by electrophoresis or by quantitating immunoglobulins. These tests must be done on samples taken at the time of the first plasmapheresis and at least every four months thereafter.
Human Exposure Assessment of Indoor Dust: Importance of Particle Size and Spatial Position
Authors: Zhiguo Cao, Gang Yu, Bin Wang, Jun Huang, Shubo Deng
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

serum ΣpentaBDEs [sum of penta brominated diphenyl ethers 47, 99, 100, and 153] were significantly cor related with both handwipe and house dust ΣpentaBDE levels, but were more strongly associated with handwipe levels (r = 0.57; p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.35; p < 0.01).
CYP2C9 exon 4 mutations and warfarin dose phenotype in Asians
Authors: Allan E. Rettie, Guoying Tai, David L. Veenstra, Fred M. Farin, Sengkeo Srinouanprachan, Yvonne S. Lin, Kenneth E. Thummel, Ronald N. Hines
Journal: Blood (2003)
Cocaine Gene Alteration
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two Controlled Trials of Rifabutin Prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium Complex Infection in AIDS
Authors: Stephen D. Nightingale, D. William Cameron, Fred M. Gordin, Paul M. Sullam, David L. Cohn, Richard E. Chaisson, Lawrence J. Eron, Paula D. Sparti, Bernard Bihari, David L. Kaufman, John J. Stern, Daniel D. Pearce, Winkler G. Weinberg, Anthony LaMarca, Frederick P. Siegal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection eventually develops in most patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This infection results in substantial morbidity and reduces survival by about six months.
European Commission looks into possible restrictive practices by drug companies
Authors: Rory Watson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The government has agreed in principle that the General Medical Council, the medical profession's regulator, will take over responsibility for postgraduate medical training in the United Kingdom.The move to assimilate the Postgraduate Medical and Training Board within the GMC-which will not go ahead before 2010-has been welcomed by Graeme Catto, the council's president.Sir Graeme said, "The merger will bring under one roof the regulation of all stages of medical education and will deliver real benefits for patients and the public, as well as for the medical profession."He added that the board, which was set up in autumn 2005, had made an important contribution to postgraduate medical education in the UK and promised to maintain the momentum it had generated.However, in a statement the Royal College of Surgeons of England expressed its disappointment at the slow timetable for implementing the change."We are pleased with the acceptance that PMETB [the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board] will become part of the GMC.However, it is disappointing that no opportunity can apparently be found to carry out this badly needed reform until 2010," it said.Altogether the government agreed (or agreed in principle) to 24 of 47 recommendations made by John Tooke in the report of his inquiry into the reform of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC), which was published in January (BMJ 2008;336:61, 12 Jan).Other proposals were put on hold for "further consideration" or were dismissed as the responsibility of other organisations.Proposals that were agreed in principle are to be evaluated as part of the next stage review, being carried out by health minister Lord Darzi and due to be published in June.Alan Johnson, the health secretary, said that his department needed more time to consider one of the late additions to the list of recommendations, the proposal to set up a new independent body, provisionally called NHS Medical Education England, GMC will take responsibility for postgraduate medical training, as advised by Tooke report UK NEWS Deaths from cancer fall after 20 years of screening in England, p 527 WorlD NEWS European Commission looks into possible restrictive practices by drug companies, p 524 bmj.com london GPs express fear over Darzi's proposals for the capital
A CASE OF OSTEOMALACIA (?).
Authors: JAMES R. MONTGOMERY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Mrs. A. N. was a large, well-developed woman with good family history. Both parents died of old age. There is no specific history nor any reason to suspect any. She has never borne any children. I have been her physician since 1882 and she had no serious illness in that time until 1888, when she suffered from a severe attack of sciatica which lasted about six months.  Ten years later, in 1898, she fell on an icy walk, fracturing the right femur and the left humerus. Both bones united in the usual time and with good results. At this time I noticed that she was becoming decidedly stooped, but attached little importance to it.  Nine months later, while walking across the room she either tripped, or her leg gave away, and a fracture resulted at the site of the former one. This was set in the same manner as the
Is Prostate Cancer Screening Analogous to Lung Cancer Screening?
Authors: Thomas L. Petty
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The provocative article by Drs Collins and Barry<sup>1</sup>deserves careful scrutiny. These authors liken sereening for prostate cancer to lung cancer screening. In so doing, they continue to embrace the dogma of lung cancer screening studies of the mid 1970s, which concluded that lung cancer screening does not improve outcome. They do not apparently recognize that the conclusions of these studies are being reconsidered, owing in part to the fact that these studies failed to diagnose cancers that could later be found in preserved samples using newer marker techniques.<sup>2</sup>Thus, these screening studies underdiagnosed lung cancers. It is also a fact that the National Cancer Institute studies, which were done only in men, did not require a history of heavy smoking, nor was it appreciated that the risk of lung cancer is far greater in patients with airflow obstruction than with normal airflow. More recent studies have shown