tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Warns Against Alleged Impostor.
Authors: B. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (1906)

New York, April 20, 1900. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —A physician calling himself "Dr. Ernest Sachs" is traveling about the country as an agent of "The Swiss Goat-Lymph Serum Compound," recommending its use in the treatment of locomotor ataxia and other nervous diseases. He claims to be a brother of mine and is using my name in order to palm off this serum on a credulous public. I wish to state that the man is no relative of mine, that I do not know him, and that those who know me will not need to be told that I am not one of those likely to recommend "goat-lymph serums" or any other similar remedies (?). I have every reason to believe that the man is an impostor. He claims to have been connected formerly with the German Hospital in New York City, and I understand that at that institution his name is
Regulation of platelet function by sodium-hydrogen exchange
Authors: W. Siffert
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article Regulation of platelet function by sodium-hydrogen exchange Get access Winfried Siffert Winfried Siffert Institut für Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum, Hufelandstr 55, 45122 Essen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 2, February 1995, Pages 160–166, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88564-6 Published: 01 February 1995 Article history Received: 25 March 1994 Accepted: 12 May 1994 Published: 01 February 1995
Coroner rules that treating 26 year old woman who wanted to die would have been unlawful
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A 26 year old woman who swallowed antifreeze and died after doctors refused to carry out life saving treatment against her wishes had refused the treatment “in full knowledge of the consequences and died as a result,” a coroner has ruled.

Some UK media outlets reported that doctors had been forced to let Kerrie Wooltorton, from Norwich, die because she arrived at hospital brandishing a living will.

However, she arrived fully conscious by ambulance and was deemed mentally competent and therefore by law entitled to refuse …
Advances in Measuring the Effect of Individual Predictors of Cardiovascular Risk: The Role of Reclassification Measures
Authors: Nancy R. Cook, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Models for risk prediction are widely used in clinical practice to stratify risk and assign treatment strategies. The contribution of new biomarkers has largely been based on the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, but this measure can be insensitive to important changes in absolute risk. Methods based on risk stratification have recently been proposed to compare predictive models. Such methods include the reclassification calibration statistic, the net reclassification improvement, and the integrated discrimination improvement. This article demonstrates the use of reclassification measures and illustrates their performance for well-known cardiovascular risk predictors in a cohort of women. These measures are targeted at evaluating the potential of new models and markers to change risk strata and alter treatment decisions.
USE OF ETHYL GAS
Authors: Edward H. Marsh
Journal: JAMA (1925)

To the Editor:  —The Journal, May 16, contains an article on tetra-ethyl lead by Hamilton, Reznikoff and Burnham. I wish to call your attention to a misstatement of fact occurring three times in this article.  In the first paragraph on page 1481 it is stated that:  The distressing details... induced the public health officials of New York City and of the States of New York and New Jersey to forbid the use of ethyl gasoline on the ground of danger to the public from poison contained in exhaust gases of motor engines burning such gasoline. This prohibition has recently been rescinded in the two states, but is still in force in New York City.  On page 1483 is the following statement:  The fact that the report was issued by a government agency gave it an authority and an air of finality, as shown by the fact that immediately after
Capillary supply and cardiac performance in the rabbit after chronic dobutamine treatment
Authors: M. D Brown, O. Hudlicka
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Growth of capillaries in the adult heart can occur after long term vasodilator treatment. This study investigated the effects of increased stroke volume and/or force of contraction in addition to coronary blood flow on myocardial capillary growth.Coronary blood flow, cardiac function, and capillary supply were evaluated after chronic treatment with the inotrope dobutamine, at a dose shown to increase contraction force (dP/dt) acutely by 20% (p less than 0.05) and coronary blood flow by 60% (NS).New Zealand Red rabbits received dobutamine (20 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 by intravenous infusion) for 2 weeks prior to measurements, under pentobarbitone anaesthesia, of coronary blood flow by radiolabelled microspheres, left ventricular dP/dtmax and maximum noradrenaline induced cardiac work, computed from cardiac output (thermodilution) and blood pressure. Capillary density.mm-2 was estimated in frozen 12 microns sections of left ventricular myocardium stained for alkaline phosphatase.Capillary density was 29% greater after 2 weeks dobutamine infusion than in saline infused controls, which exceeds increases observed after longer infusions of vasodilators alone. Cardiac function was improved; maximum stroke work was significantly higher, stroke volume capacity larger, and dP/dt increased more during noradrenaline challenge. Coronary blood flow was unchanged in dobutamine treated hearts, hence efficiency of utilisation of coronary flow in terms of work was enhanced. Heart to body weight ratio was also greater after dobutamine, at 0.238(SEM 0.008) v 0.206(0.120), p less than 0.05.Greater capillary growth can be elicited in the heart by increased stretch and/or force of contraction of myocytes in addition to moderate changes in blood flow than by increased blood flow alone. Chronic dobutamine treatment induced adaptive enhancement of maximal cardiac work capacity.
Mechanism of action and clinical effects of antiprogestins on the non-pregnant uterus
Authors: I. Spitz
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (1998)

Considerable progress has been made in elucidating the mechanism of action of antiprogestins. The biological response to a progesterone antagonist depends on many factors. The usual effect is that of an antagonist, but progesterone agnostic or even antioestrogenic or oestrogenic effects have also been observed. The present review focuses on the clinical applications of antiprogestins in the non-pregnant uterus. Whereas high doses of antiprogestins block ovulation, low doses impair endometrial development without affecting ovulation, hormonal levels or bleeding patterns Indeed, the endometrium is the tissue which is the most sensitive to antiprogestins. The effect of antiprogestins is to produce a delay in endometrial maturation and to postpone the appearance of the implantation window. This concept of 'endometrial contraception' requires further testing in humans, although the principle has been proven in monkeys. In contrast to the low doses of mifepristone which delay endometrial maturation, a minimum dose of 50 mg is required to produce endometrial bleeding. Late luteal phase antiprogestin administration does not disturb ovulation, hormonal levels or bleeding patterns. This has clinical application, and mifepristone has been used together with prostaglandins in women with delayed menses to successfully prevent implantation. Mifepristone has also been shown to be an effective post-coital agent. However, when used on a regular basis once monthly at the end of the cycle as a potential contraceptive, the results are disappointing. Because of their antiproliferative and anti-oestrogenic effects on the endometrium, antiprogestins are also used in the treatment of oestrogen-dependent conditions such as endometriosis and fibromyomas. In humans, chronic administration of high doses of antiprogestins has on rare occasions been associated with endometrial hyperplasia, presumably a consequence of unopposed oestrogen activity. This does not occur with low doses (1 mg daily for 5 months).
Drug‐dependent exercise‐induced anaphylaxis
Authors: R. Gerth van Wijk, H. de Groot, J. M. Bogaard
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Exercise‐induced anaphylaxis (EIA) is well known and may be food‐dependent. We describe a patient with a history of anaphylaxis during exercise after taking nafylpropion acid (Naprosyne®), a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug. An exercise‐challenge test after Naprosyne intake induced bronchoconstriction. The combination of history and challenge tests suggests that intolerance or allergy to drugs may present as EIA.
A Special Linker between Macrophage and Hematopoietic Malignant Cells: Membrane Form of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Authors: Lin Wang, Guo-Guang Zheng, Cui-Hua Ma, Yong-Min Lin, Hai-Yan Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Ma, Jing-Hui Chong, Ke-Fu Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The membrane form of macrophage colony–stimulating factor (mM-CSF) is an alternative splicing variant of this cytokine. Although its high expression was detected in hematopoietic malignancies, its physiologic and pathologic roles in hematopoietic system have not been established. In this report, stable transfectant clones expressing mM-CSF (Namalwa-M and Ramos-M) were obtained, which showed reduced proliferation potential in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo study showed that Namalwa-M and Ramos-M exhibited enhanced oncogenicity in tumor size in nude mice model, which could be inhibited by M-CSF monoclonal antibody. A remarkable increase in infiltrating macrophage and the vessel densities was found in tumor tissues formed by lymphoma cell lines that stably expressed mM-CSF, which suggested the involvement of macrophages in this process. The in vitro results using coculture system showed that macrophages could promote Namalwa-M and Ramos-M proliferation and activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway. In addition, the expression of murine origin vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor was elevated in Namalwa-M formed tumor tissues. These results suggested that mM-CSF should be a positive regulator in the development of hematopoietic malignancies by abnormally activating infiltrating macrophages, which in turn promote the malignant development. Thus, mM-CSF may be a critical linker between macrophages and malignant cells in the development of hematopoietic malignancies. [Cancer Res 2008;68(14):5639–47]
Autoantibodies against heat shock protein 60 mediate endothelial cytotoxicity.
Authors: G Schett, Q Xu, A Amberger, R Van der Zee, H Recheis, J Willeit, G Wick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Stress or heat shock proteins (hsp) are a family of approximately two dozen proteins with a high degree of amino acid sequence homology between different species, ranging from prokaryotes to humans, and are representative of a generalized response to environmental and metabolic stressors. Our previous studies showed increased expression of human hsp60 on endothelial cells of arterial intima with atherosclerotic lesions, and elevated levels of serum antibodies (Ab) against hsp65/60 in subjects with carotid atherosclerosis. To investigate the possible involvement of anti-hsp65/60 Ab in endothelial injury, specific hsp-Ab were isolated from human high titer sera by affinity chromatography and probed on heat-shock human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Purified human anti-hsp65/60 Ab reacted specifically with mycobacterial hsp65, human hsp60, and a 60-kD protein band of heat-shocked endothelial cells. High levels of hsp60 mRNA expression in endothelial cells were found between 4 and 12 h after 30 min treatment at 42 degrees C. In immunofluorescence tests, positive staining of heat-stressed endothelial cells was observed not only in the cytoplasm but also on the cell surface. Furthermore, only heat-stressed, but not untreated, Cr-labeled endothelial cells were lysed by anti-hsp65/60 Ab in the presence of complement (complement-mediated cytotoxicity) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity). Control Abs, including human anti-hsp65/60 low titer antiserum, human Ig fraction deprived of hsp65/60 Ab, and mAbs to Factor VIII, alpha-actin, hsp70, and CD3 showed no cytotoxic effect. In conclusion, human serum anti-hsp65 antibodies act as autoantibodies reacting with hsp60 on stressed endothelial cells and are able to mediate endothelial cytotoxicity. Thus, a humoral immune reaction to hsp60 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Expression of the secretory leukoprotease inhibitor gene in epithelial cells.
Authors: T Abe, N Kobayashi, K Yoshimura, B C Trapnell, H Kim, R C Hubbard, M T Brewer, R C Thompson, R G Crystal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI) gene codes for a 12-kD protein that within the lung protects the airway epithelium from neutrophil elastase. Screening of 228 alleles in 114 individuals for sequence differences by RNase protection of genomic DNA revealed no detectable polymorphisms in SLPI gene exons II-IV. SLPI gene expression in the lung was demonstrated by identifying SLPI mRNA transcripts in bronchial epithelial cells freshly isolated from normals. Cell lines derived from mucosal surfaces (HS-24 bronchial squamous cell carcinoma, HeLa cervical carcinoma) actively transcribe the SLPI gene and contain SLPI mRNA transcripts, while lung fibroblasts demonstrate no evidence of SLPI gene expression. SLPI mRNA transcripts appear to be relatively stable, with mRNA levels only mildly affected by inhibition of RNA synthesis. Chromatin DNA of HS-24 cells demonstrates two DNase I hypersensitivity sites within the 5' flanking region of exon I of the SLPI gene, whereas fibroblast chromatin has no DNase I accessible sites in the same region. Further analysis of the 5' flanking region demonstrated two contiguous transcription start sites, CAAT and TATA boxes, and several potential regions of known DNA binding proteins. Overall, the SLPI gene appears to be a relatively nonpolymorphic, stable gene that is constitutively expressed at specific tissue sites, but has the potential to be modulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.
Veterinary Counter Practice: A dog's life
Authors: A. M Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Professor Jimmy Payne's account of anaesthetising a monkey for dental extractions ( BMJ 1996;313:1444) reminded me of an incident over 60 years ago when I was in medical practice on a Scottish Hebridean island. A veterinary surgeon visited for a few days every few months but veterinary emergencies will not wait and the local general practitioner had to do his best to help.

One day …
Islet Cell Tumors Metastatic to the Liver: Effective Palliation by Sequential Hepatic Artery Embolization
Authors: JAFFER A. AJANI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The value of sequential percutaneous hepatic artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol particles was examined in 22 patients with islet cell carcinoma metastatic to the liver. Nine patients had gastrinoma, 2 had glucagonoma, and 11 had no discernible hormonal secretions or syndromes. Ninety-seven embolizations were done with a median number of 4 (range, 1 to 12) per patient. The interval between embolizations ranged from 1 to 8 months. Twelve of twenty evaluable patients had a partial remission, frequently associated with subjective improvement and decrease in hormone levels. The projected median survival of all 22 patients from the initiation of embolization is 33.7 months (range, 1 to 72). Nausea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain occurred with each embolization and subsided usually by day 10 (range, 3 to 35). Sequential hepatic artery occlusion is an effective method for prolonged palliation in this selected group of patients.
The Kennedy Medical Ethics Program at Harvard
Authors: Arthur J. Dyck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Conceptions of medical ethics are changing, not only within the medical profesion but also among consumers of medicine. Medical decisions are increasingly of public concern, and diverse reactions to them are appearing in both medical and nonmedical literature and in the popular media. Especially controversial are issues surrounding the use of human beings in experimentation, and the provision of health care for groups vulnerable to discrimination such as blacks, women, the mentally retarded and severely handicapped. Furthermore, a distinctive mark of a profession and a source of the confidence that it engenders is its ability and willingness to specify and . . .
Intraoperative Osteoscintigraphy as an Aid to Bone Biopsy
Authors: STEVEN A. RENZONI, F RICHARD CONVERY, WILLIAM ASHBURN, TONY E. VASQUEZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A new use for intraoperative bone imaging is described. The technique allowed accurate localization of bone pathology for biopsy where plain radiographs and bone morphology were otherwise normal. The technique should increase diagnostic accuracy and eliminate false-negative biopsy results.
LAG-3 regulates CD8+ T cell accumulation and effector function in murine self- and tumor-tolerance systems
Authors: Joseph F. Grosso, Cristin C. Kelleher, Timothy J. Harris, Charles H. Maris, Edward L. Hipkiss, Angelo De Marzo, Robert Anders, George Netto, Derese Getnet, Tullia C. Bruno, Monica V. Goldberg, Drew M. Pardoll, Charles G. Drake
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a cell-surface molecule with diverse biologic effects on T cell function. We recently showed that LAG-3 signaling is important in CD4+ regulatory T cell suppression of autoimmune responses. Here, we demonstrate that LAG-3 maintains tolerance to self and tumor antigens via direct effects on CD8+ T cells using 2 murine systems. Naive CD8+ T cells express low levels of LAG-3, and expression increases upon antigen stimulation. Our data show increased levels of LAG-3 protein on antigen-specific CD8+ T cells within antigen-expressing organs or tumors. In vivo antibody blockade of LAG-3 or genetic ablation of the Lag-3 gene resulted in increased accumulation and effector function of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells within organs and tumors that express their cognate antigen. Most notably, combining LAG-3 blockade with specific antitumor vaccination resulted in a significant increase in activated CD8+ T cells in the tumor and disruption of the tumor parenchyma. A major component of this effect was CD4 independent and required LAG-3 expression by CD8+ T cells. Taken together, these data demonstrate a direct role for LAG-3 on CD8+ T cells and suggest that LAG-3 blockade may be a potential cancer treatment.
Effectiveness of right heart catheterization: time for a randomized trial
Authors: H. S. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The findings reported by Dr Connors et al1did not come as a surprise to the physicians at the Long Island College Hospital. In 1994, we presented our own findings at the Clinical Research Meetings2in which we came to similar conclusions. At least in part based on those findings, physicians at our hospital curtailed the use of the Swan-Ganz catheter. In 1978,I wrote an article3demonstrating the lack of utility of RHC in patients having coronary angiography. However, until recently, this procedure was done routinely in many laboratories.  The use of the Swan-Ganz catheter in critically ill individuals is based on 2 concepts: (1) the catheter provides information required for clinical management that cannot be obtained otherwise, and (2) by the use of such information a patient's cardiovascular status can be optimized to better tolerate various conditions. The first notion is rarely true, and the second
Electroencephalographic Changes in Epileptics while Viewing Television
Authors: C. D. Binnie, C. E. Darby, A. T. Hindley
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Ten consecutive epileptic patients who showed abnormal electroencephalographic (E.E.G.) responses to intermittent photic stimulation have been studied while watching television. Though only two gave a history of television epilepsy nine exhibited spike-wave discharges in the E.E.G. during viewing. This effect occurred when the set was functioning normally but was increased in five subjects when the screen was deliberately caused to flicker.
Collecting Duct Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Matched Analysis of 41 Cases
Authors: Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq, Alexandre de la Taille, Giacomo Novara, Jacques Tostain, Luca Cindolo, Vincenzo Ficarra, Walter Artibani, Luigi Schips, Richard Zigeuner, Peter F. Mulders, Eric Lechevallier, Christian Coulange, Antoine Valeri, Jean-Luc Descotes, Jean-Jacques Rambeaud, Claude C. Abbou, Herve Lang, Didier Jacqmin, Arnaud Mejean, Jean-Jacques Patard
Journal: European Urology (2007)
THE REGENERATIVE POWER OF THE LIVER AND ITS RESERVE CAPACITY FOR EXCRETING BILE THEIR POSSIBLE SIGNIFICANCE IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BILIARY OBSTRUCTION
Authors: L. Schalm, M.J. Schulte, H.R. Bax, M. Miete, B.J. Mansens, A.Rodrigues Pereira
Journal: The Lancet (1952)
Estimation of circulatory parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Significance for calculation of enzymatic infarct size
Authors: G. M. WILLEMS, A. M. M. MUIJTJENS, F. H. H. LAMBI, W. TH. HERMENS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Estimation of circulatory parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Significance for calculation of enzymatic infarct size Get access G. M. WILLEMS, G. M. WILLEMS From the Department of Biophysics, Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. M. M. MUIJTJENS, A. M. M. MUIJTJENS From the Department of Biophysics, Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. H. H. LAMBI, F. H. H. LAMBI From the Department of Biophysics, Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. TH. HERMENS W. TH. HERMENS 1 From the Department of Biophysics, Biomedical Centre, State University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands 1Correspondence and reprint requests should be sent to: W. Th. Hermens, Biomedical Centre, Beeldsnijdersdreef 101, 6216 EA Maastricht, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 10, October 1979, Pages 578–587, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.10.578 Published: 01 October 1979