tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Suppression of ACTH by Cortisol in Dexamethasone-Nonsuppressible Cushing's Disease
Authors: Robert M. Carey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

THE high-dose (8 mg per day) dexamethasone suppression test, as described originally by Liddle,1 has come to be accepted as one of the most reliable means of identifying Gushing's syndrome due to excessive pituitary ACTH secretion (Cushing's disease). However, a few cases of hypercortisolism with bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia have been described with resistance to dexamethasone suppression.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 In 1967, Linn et al.10 found two patients with Cushing's disease who, before adrenalectomy, required large doses (32 mg per day) of dexamethasone to suppress urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids to less than 50 per cent of base-line values. These observations were interpreted as indicating that in . . .
LNA-based Oligonucleotide Electrotransfer for miRNA Inhibition
Authors: Sophie Chabot, Julie Orio, Romain Castanier, Elisabeth Bellard, Søren J Nielsen, Muriel Golzio, Justin Teissié
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that play an important role in disease development and progression and therefore represent a potential new class of therapeutic targets. However, an effective and safe clinical approach for miRNA inhibition remains elusive, primarily due to the lack of effective delivery methods. We proposed to inhibit miRNA by electrotransferring an antisense DNA oligomer containing locked nucleic acids (LNAs) (LNA/DNA oligomer). We observed that electropulsation (EP) led to a strong cellular uptake of LNA/DNA oligomer. The LNA/DNA oligomer electrotransfer mechanism and intracellular localization were visually investigated in real time at the single-cell level. Cyanine 5-labeled oligonucleotide entered exclusively during pulse application on the side of the permeabilized cell membrane facing the cathode, driven by electrophoretic forces. Minutes after the electrotransfer, the LNA/DNA oligomer diffused into the nucleus. EP provided the anti-miRNA oligomer with immediate and direct access to its cytoplasmic mature miRNA target and/or its nuclear precursor miRNA target. We then demonstrated using a LNA/DNA oligomer anti-miR34a that LNA/DNA oligomer electrotransfer decreased the level of the miR34a target and induced its functional inhibition. Our findings show that using the electrotransfer technique for LNA-based oligonucleotide delivery is a promising therapeutic strategy to silence deleterious miRNAs overexpressed in diseases.
TV: Dishing the dirt
Authors: M. R Partridge
Journal: BMJ (2000)

here were bodies everywhere at the Tate Modern on May's bank holiday weekend, not only hanging on the gallery walls but streaming through the entrance in vast numbers.The doors were closed to visitors for a while, perhaps the first time that crowd control has been needed in a public art space.The Tate gallery's 20th century collection, housed in a disused power station on the banks of the Thames, has been divided into four broad themes-"Landscape, Still Life, History, and Nude/Action/Body."Entering the gallery through the vast and physically imposing turbine hall, our own bodies seem incredibly small.Other humans seem tiny as we rise above them on the escalators to "Nude/Action/Body" on level five, a cultural hall of mirrors reflecting how artists have looked at the human figure.Just outside the entrance is Rodin's The Kiss, the art world's most famous embrace
The Wrong Patient
Authors: Stephen Sandroni
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters18 March 2003The Wrong PatientStephen Sandroni, MDStephen Sandroni, MDAllegheny General Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15212 (Sandroni)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-138-6-200303180-00022 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Chassin and Becher (1) describe perfectly the uncoordinated care that, if not characteristic, is certainly episodic in so many of our hospitals. At a macro level, it is time to concede that the current organizational structure of our hospitals cannot ensure a consistently high level of safety for our patients. Safe, timely, satisfying care cannot be provided in a system that lacks point-of-service management presence. At a micro level, this is most visible throughout the United States in the elimination of the traditional head nurse. Today's (often rotating) charge nurse is a harried individual who usually carries a patient care assignment. This person bears little resemblance to the geographically stable and omnipresent head nurse who used to know all the patients, housestaff, and attendings and had patient safety as a mission, without other distractions. Nurses used to take pride in their role as protector, guarding the patient from physician and systemic errors; now they are more often in the loop of the errors as full participants. This is not their fault but rather the fault of a system that is too complex to do without more supervisory presence. If we can't or won't bring more supervision and coordination to the patient care experience, we should recommend that all patients be accompanied by a friend or family member who can at least ensure that orders and procedures are consistent with a preadmission care plan. For those lacking such a companion, one could be appointed from a volunteer pool.Stephen Sandroni, MDAllegheny General Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15212References1. Chassin MR, Becher EC. The wrong patient. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:826-33. [PMID: 12044131] LinkGoogle Scholar Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Allegheny General Hospital; Pittsburgh, PA 15212 (Sandroni) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Wrong Patient Mark R. Chassin and Elise C. Becher The Wrong Patient Linda Fermoyle Rice The Wrong Patient James G. Gallagher The Wrong Patient Robert M. Wachter , Kaveh G. Shojania , Sanjay Saint , Amy J. Markowitz , and Mark Smith Metrics Cited byCompetitive formation of 4-aminoisoxazoles and 5-aminooxazoles in the cyclization reactions of O-alkylated hydroxyimino nitriles 18 March 2003Volume 138, Issue 6Page: 517-518KeywordsNursesPatientsSafety ePublished: 18 March 2003 Issue Published: 18 March 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Successful over-the-scope clip (OTSC) treatment for severe bleeding due to anastomotic dehiscence
Authors: G. Tontini, A. Naegel, H. Albrecht, M. Vieth, M. Vecchi, M. Neurath, H. Neumann
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Postanastomotic complications of the gastrointestinal tract, including leakage and bleeding, are rare but critical conditions requiring prompt treatment. Most anastomotic problems are managed surgically [1], but endoscopic therapy is considered as the first choice of treatment for bleeding and treatment of an incomplete anastomotic dehiscence with no peritoneal involvement [1] [2].
Analysis of Tumor Markers in the Cytological Fluid Obtained from Computed Tomography-Guided Needle Aspiration Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yoo Jin Hong, Jin Hur, Hye-Jeong Lee, Ji Eun Nam, Young Jin Kim, Hua Sun Kim, Hee Yeong Kim, Se Kyu Kim, Joon Chang, Joo-Hang Kim, Kyung Young Chung, Byoung Wook Choi, Kyu Ok Choe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Structural basis of end-stage failure in ischemic cardiomyopathy in humans.
Authors: C A Beltrami, N Finato, M Rocco, G A Feruglio, C Puricelli, E Cigola, F Quaini, E H Sonnenblick, G Olivetti, P Anversa
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Ischemic cardiomyopathy is characterized by myocyte loss, reactive cellular hypertrophy, and ventricular scarring. However, the relative contribution of these tissue and cellular processes to late failure remains to be determined. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten hearts were obtained from individuals undergoing cardiac transplantation as a result of chronic coronary artery disease in its terminal stage. An identical number of control hearts were collected at autopsy from patients who died from causes other than cardiovascular disease, and morphometric methodologies were applied to the analysis of the left and right ventricular myocardium. Left ventricular hypertrophy evaluated as a change in organ weight, aggregate myocyte mass, and myocyte cell volume per nucleus showed increases of 85%, 47%, and 103%, respectively. Corresponding increases in the right ventricle were 75%, 74%, and 112%. Myocyte loss, which accounted for 28% and 30% in the left and right ventricles, was responsible for the difference in the assessment of myocyte hypertrophy at the ventricular, tissue, and cellular levels. Left ventricular muscle cell hypertrophy was accomplished through a 16% and 51% increase in myocyte diameter and length, whereas right ventricular myocyte hypertrophy was the consequence of a 13% and 67% increase in these linear dimensions, respectively. Moreover, a 36% reduction in the number of myocytes included in the thickness of the left ventricular wall was found. Collagen accumulation in the form of segmental, replacement, and interstitial fibrosis comprised an average 28% and 13% of the left and right ventricular myocardia, respectively. The combination of cell loss and myocardial fibrosis, myocyte lengthening, and mural slippage of cells resulted in 4.6-fold expansion of left ventricular cavitary volume and a 56% reduction in the ventricular mass-to-chamber volume ratio. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the contention that both myocyte and collagen compartments participate in the development of decompensated eccentric ventricular hypertrophy in the cardiomyopathic heart of ischemic origin.
Human Gene Mapping, Genetic Linkage, and Clinical Applications
Authors: ROBERT S. SPARKES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Human gene mapping is concerned with the assignment of individual genes to specific parts of chromosomes. The rapid progress in this field has shown the importance of genetics to human biology and to clinical medicine. Several approaches are available for expanding the human gene map. The gene dosage approach was used in the mapping of the esterase D and retinoblastoma locus on the long arm of chromosome 13. The principles behind kindred linkage analysis and the application of somatic cell hybridization techniques are examined in relation to human gene mapping. Recent data on the steroid sulfatase gene suggest that not all X-linked genes are susceptible to inactivation. Several clinical applications of human gene mapping and linkage information are presented. With the application of current molecular techniques, the human gene map may be substantially completed by the end of the century.
The Acquisition of <b> <i>hMLH1</i> </b> Methylation in Plasma DNA after Chemotherapy Predicts Poor Survival for Ovarian Cancer Patients
Authors: Gillian Gifford, Jim Paul, Paul A. Vasey, Stanley B. Kaye, Robert Brown
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Aberrant epigenetic regulation, such as CpG island methylation and associated transcriptional silencing of genes, has been implicated in a variety of human diseases, including cancer. Methylation of genes involved in apoptosis, including the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene hMLH1, can occur in tumor models of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. However, the relevance for acquired resistance to chemotherapy of patients’ tumors remains unsubstantiated. Plasma DNA from cancer patients, including those with ovarian cancer, often contains identical DNA changes as the tumor and provides a means to monitor CpG island methylation changes. We have examined plasma DNA of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer enrolled in the SCOTROC1 Phase III clinical trial for methylation of the hMLH1 CpG island before carboplatin/taxoid chemotherapy and at relapse. Methylation of hMLH1 is increased at relapse, and 25% (34 of 138) of relapse samples have hMLH1 methylation that is not detected in matched prechemotherapy plasma samples. Furthermore, hMLH1 methylation is significantly associated with increased microsatellite instability in plasma DNA at relapse, providing an independent measure of function of the MMR pathway. Acquisition of hMLH1 methylation in plasma DNA at relapse predicts poor overall survival of patients, independent from time to progression and age (hazard ratio, 1.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–3.30; P = 0.007). These data support the clinical relevance of acquired hMLH1 methylation and concomitant loss of DNA MMR after chemotherapy of ovarian cancer patients. DNA methylation changes in plasma provide the potential to define patterns of methylation during therapy and identify those patient populations who would be suitable for novel epigenetic therapies.
THE TREATMENT OF CALCIFIED SUBDELTOID (SUBACROMIAL) BURSITIS BY DIATHERMIA
Authors: JOSEPH F. HARRIS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

One of the most common conditions which the physical therapist is called on to treat at present is subacromial bursitis. In the majority of cases treated, the diagnosis is confirmed by the roentgen ray. My purpose in this article is to present only the treatment of bursitis with underlying calcification by diathermia. Diathermia is, without doubt, the most valuable electrical therapeutic agent that the physical therapist has at his command. Before going into the method of application, it is probably best to state exactly what it is and how it works. Diathermia is the name applied to the use of a high-frequency current which, instead of having intermittent oscillations, has oscillations which are continuous. With a current of this type, the production of heat in the tissues becomes markedly pronounced, and, if care is not taken, is unbearable. The ideal high-frequency machine for this purpose is one running on alternating
988. The Utility of rAAV as a Genetic Vaccine Vector for Malaria
Authors: Grant Logan, Maolin Zhang, Ross Coppel, Peter Rowe, Lina Wang, Ian Alexander
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Persistent exposure to the malaria parasite is required to stimulate and maintain protective, non-sterilizing immunity to a disease that afflicts approximately 400 million people annually. Unfortunately, conventional technologies have been unable to produce a vaccine for this disease and alternative strategies must be found.
Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation<i>In vitro</i>Is Modulated by Antibodies against Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Isolated from Patient Serum
Authors: Mario Gonzalez-Gronow, Miguel Cuchacovich, Carolina Llanos, Cristian Urzua, Govind Gawdi, Salvatore V. Pizzo
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Circulating autoantibodies against the glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78) are present at high levels in prostate cancer patients and are a biomarker of aggressive tumor behavior. We purified the anti-GRP78 IgGs and examined their effect on 1-LN, PC-3, DU145, and LnCap human prostate cancer cells. We also evaluated its effects on the breast cancer MDA-MB231 and melanoma DM413 cell lines. The anti-GRP78 antibody binds only to cells expressing GRP78 on the surface, to a site also recognized by its physiologic agonist, activated α2-macroglobulin (α2M*). This antibody is completely specific for a peptide, including the primary amino acid sequence CNVKSDKSC, which contains a tertiary structural motif mimicking an epitope in GRP78. Tertiary structual analysis suggested the linear GRP78 primary amino acid sequence LIGRTWNDPSVQQDIKFL (Leu98-Leu115) as the putative binding site, containing the tertiary structual arrangement described above, which was confirmed experimentally. The anti-GRP78 antibodies from prostate cancer patients recognize almost exclusively this epitope. We produced animal antibodies against both these peptides, and they are able to mimic the effects of the human antibody. Our experiments also suggest this epitope as highly immunogenic, thereby explaining the specificity of the immune response against this epitope in GRP78, observed in humans. Using 1-LN cells as a model, we show that anti-GRP78 IgG purified from the sera of these patients mimics the proproliferative effects induced by α2M* via the common receptor, GRP78. Furthermore, increasing concentrations of human anti-GRP78 IgG show a dose-dependent protective effect on apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor α. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(23): 11424-31)
Subunit Stoichiometry of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels and Effects of Subunit Order on Channel Function
Authors: David T Liu, Gareth R Tibbs, Steven A Siegelbaum
Journal: Neuron (1996)

Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels are multimeric structures containing at least two subunits. However, the total number of subunits per functional channel is unknown. To determine the subunit stoichiometry of CNG ion channels, we have coexpressed the 30 pS conductance bovine retinal channel (RET) with an 85 pS conductance chimeric retinal channel containing the catfish olfactory channel P region (RO133). When RO133 and RET monomers are coexpressed, channels with four distinct intermediate conductances are observed. Dimer constructs reveal that two of these conductance levels arise from channels with the same subunit composition (2 RO133:2 RET) but distinct subunit order (like subunits adjacent to each other versus like subunits across from each other). Thus, the data demonstrate that cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels are tetrameric like the related voltage-gated potassium ion channels; the order of subunits affects the conductance of the channel; and the channel has 4-fold symmetry in which four asymmetric subunits assemble head to tail around a central axis.
Rebound sodium and water retention occurs when diuretic treatment is stopped
Authors: C. G Missouris, G. A MacGregor
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Walma et al claim that patients should continue to take diuretics if they retain sodium and water on stopping diuretic treatment.1 However, if diuretics are suddenly withdrawn in patients with a normal salt intake there will be rebound retention of sodium and water. This is because the compensatory …
Pharmacologic unmasking of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Keishi Yamashita, Sunil Upadhyay, Motonobu Osada, Mohammad O Hoque, Yan Xiao, Masaki Mori, Fumiaki Sato, Stephen J Meltzer, David Sidransky
Journal: Cancer Cell (2002)
Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Two Doses of Mometasone Furoate/Formoterol (MF/F) Combination, Administered Via a Metered-dose Inhaler, for the Treatment of Moderate-to-severe Persistent Asthma
Authors: J. Maspero, I. Cherrez, H. Nolte
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Abstract B55: Chemoprevention of obesity- and diabetes-related liver carcinogenesis by branched-chain amino acids and acyclic retinoid
Authors: Masahito Shimizu, Hisataka Moriwaki
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Obesity and diabetes-related metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, alterations in the IGF/IGF-1R axis, state of chronic inflammation, and induction of oxidative stress increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which is frequently associated with obesity and diabetes, can progress to cirrhosis and HCC. On the other hand, these findings indicate that the metabolic disorders caused by obesity and diabetes might be effective targets to prevent HCC development. For instance, branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), which improve protein energy malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis, improve insulin resistance and reduce the risk of HCC in obese cirrhotic patients. In an experimental study, BCAA supplementation inhibits the development of liver tumors in obese and diabetic mice by inhibiting the activation of IGF/IGF-1R axis, improving insulin resistance, reducing serum leptin levels, and attenuating hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. BCAA supplementation also inhibits the early phase of obesity-related liver tumorigenesis by attenuating chronic inflammation in both the liver and white adipose tissue. In addition, acyclic retinoid (ACR), which is a promising agent for the chemoprevention of HCC, prevents liver tumorigenesis in obese and diabetic mice by inhibiting the activation of Ras and phosphorylation of ERK and RXRα proteins. ACR administration also inhibits this tumorigenesis via improvement of insulin sensitivity and attenuation of the chronic inflammation induced by excessive fatty deposits. These findings suggest that pharmaceutical and nutraceutical approaches for targeting and restoring metabolic disorders, especially insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, may be an effective strategy for preventing the development of obesity- and diabetes-related HCC. We indicate that BCAA and ACR are considered some of the most promising agents for achieving this purpose. Citation Format: Masahito Shimizu, Hisataka Moriwaki. Chemoprevention of obesity- and diabetes-related liver carcinogenesis by branched-chain amino acids and acyclic retinoid. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B55.
ABC of Dermatology. Psoriasis.
Authors: P K Buxton
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Thick keratin scaleThe familiar pink or red lesions with a scaling 'nresd 'thicknes, 'surface and well defined edge are easily recognised.Increasbd thicknoss of epidermis These changes can be related to the histological 4-.. Polymorpappearance. _ Piymsr -(1) The increased thickness of the epidermis, , '. .presence of nuclei above the basal layer, and thick keratin are related to increased epidermal turnover.Dilated tortuous blood vessels(2) Because the epidermis is dividing it does not differentiate adequately into normal keratin scales.ighout the epidermis These are readily removed to reveal the tortuous blood vessels beneath-clinically, "Auspitz sign."The psoriatic plaque can be likened to a brick wall badly built by a workman in too much ofa hurry-it may be high but it is easily knocked down.(3) The polymorphs that migrate into the epidermis can form sterile pustules in pustular psoriasis.These are most commonly seen on the palms and soles.10 OCTOBER 1987 Pustules on the sole.Rupioid lesions.
Reduced Levels of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45 Protect Mice from the Lethal Effects of Ebola Virus Infection
Authors: Rekha G. Panchal, Steven B. Bradfute, Brian D. Peyser, Kelly L. Warfield, Gordon Ruthel, Douglas Lane, Tara A. Kenny, Arthur O. Anderson, William C. Raschke, Sina Bavari
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)