tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Atrial Fibrillation and an Irregular Ventricular Response on Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Human Subjects
Authors: Stephen L. Wasmund, Jian-Ming Li, Richard L. Page, Jose A. Joglar, Robert C. Kowal, Michael L. Smith, Mohamed H. Hamdan
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Although the hemodynamic changes associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) have been extensively studied, the neural changes remain unclear. We hypothesized that AF is associated with an increase in sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) and that the irregular ventricular response contributes to this state of sympathoexcitation.In 8 patients referred for an electrophysiological study, SNA, blood pressure (BP), central venous pressure (CVP), and heart rate were recorded during 3 minutes of normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and 3 minutes of induced AF. In 5 of 8 patients who converted to NSR, right atrial (RA) pacing was performed for 3 minutes in atrial pacing triggered by ventricular sensing mode triggered by playback of an FM tape previously recorded from the right ventricle during AF (RA-irregular) and atrial pacing inhibited by atrial sensing mode at a rate equal to the mean heart rate obtained during AF (RA-regular). SNA data were expressed as percentage of baseline during NSR. SNA increased in all 8 patients during induced AF compared with NSR (171+/-40% versus 100%, respectively; P<0.01). This was associated with a trend for a decrease in BP and an increase in CVP (P=0.02). Similarly, SNA was significantly higher during RA-irregular pacing compared with RA-regular pacing (124+/-24% versus 91+/-20%, respectively; P=0.03). BP and CVP were not significantly different between the 2 pacing modes.Induced AF results in a significant increase in SNA, which is in part attributable to the irregular ventricular response. Our findings suggest that restoring NSR or regularity might be beneficial, particularly in patients with heart failure.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOMOCYSTEINE, HYPOVITAMINOSIS AND PERICARDIAL FAT MEASURED BY CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Soeren Gauss, Stephan Achenbach, Fernando Vega-Higuera, Dominik Bernhardt, Mohamed Marwan, Daniel Bittner, Annika Schuhbaeck, Lutz Klinghammer, Dieter Ropers, Werner Daniel, Yurdaguel Zopf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Factors affecting membrane-controlled drug release for an osmotic pump tablet (OPT) utilizing (SBE)7m-β-CD as both a solubilizer and osmotic agent
Authors: Kazuto Okimoto, Atsuo Ohike, Rinta Ibuki, Osamu Aoki, Norio Ohnishi, Roger A. Rajewski, Valentino J. Stella, Tetsumi Irie, Kaneto Uekama
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1999)
Glucose Control and Insulin Resistance in Non-Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Henry R. Robert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Chronic hyperglycemia is implicated in the pathogenesis of microvascular, neurologic, and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Recent studies prove that near-normal glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces the risk for the development and progression of microvascular and neurologic complications. With the expectation of comparable benefits, similar glycemic goals have been advocated for the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). However, using intensified insulin therapy to achieve near-normal glycemia in NIDDM may be problematic because of basic differences in pathophysiology of the two types of diabetes. Insulin resistance is a major contributor to the development of hyperglycemia in NIDDM and may prevent attainment of normoglycemia in most patients who are using the conventional approaches of diet, exercise, and oral hypoglycemic therapy. Near-normal glycemia in patients with NIDDM can usually be achieved with exogenous insulin but often requires large doses to overcome the insulin resistance. Intensive insulin therapy normalizes glycemia by decreasing hepatic glucose output and improving peripheral glucose uptake and may also improve insulin resistance and insulin secretion by reducing hyperglycemic glucotoxicity. However, large doses of exogenous insulin are associated with hyperinsulinemia and weight gain, but these effects may be minimized by combining insulin with other forms of therapy, for example, oral antidiabetic agents. When intensive management is instituted, the dose of exogenous insulin should be kept as low as possible. To do this, therapy for NIDDM must be part of a multifaceted approach combining insulin therapy with other effective forms of treatment such as counseling on diet and exercise therapy and the use of oral antidiabetic agents.
Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2
Authors: Marc Mora
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum3 February 2015Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2FREEMarc Mora, MDMarc Mora, MDFrom Seattle, WashingtonSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M14-2324 Audio Reading - “Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2," by M. Mora. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail You did not see what happened tonighton arrival your eyes, they closeddressed in polish and leather shoes, well-made silkflowing from your shoulders, the scent of cologne and glittering goldan accomplished look written on this face of successnow you are a special kind of naked, a clothes cut off naked—the partyou did not see, a final color skin come over youlike a drained country—gray and still and far awayI expect you to explain how some thingsso small—a 9-mm fleck of lead, the chief said—how imperfectly placedto punch through your chest, silk to skin to lung to middle to lungto heaven, I can find it chief saysa hole in the aorta in room 2—truth before team harmonycall the pharmacy—is their family?pulseless, breathless, empty vessel floating in a sea, mopped up from the floorwhich had to be clean for you mothershe was up way past her bedtimeshe came as if dressed for church, a long wool shirt, a fancy hatshe left home the cat, wanting to see youwanting not to see you, sobbing on the arm of an elderly friendwhy go home, over and over and overyou did not see that tonightMarc Mora, MDSeattle, Washington Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Seattle, WashingtonCurrent Author Address: Marc Mora, MD; e-mail, mora.[email protected]org PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Chief Rez Says Hole in the Aorta in Room 2," by M. Mora. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 February 2015Volume 162, Issue 3Page: 166KeywordsAortaElderlyLungsShouldersThorax ePublished: 3 February 2015 Issue Published: 3 February 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Points: Seat belts and risk compensation
Authors: J. Adams
Journal: BMJ (1985)

SIR,-YOU may be one of those who plan your Christmas shopping well in advance, or one who leaves it until the very last minute.But however you set about this annual task I am asking you to spare a thought for those for whom Christmas brings little joy and probably some anxiety.I am referring to those beneficiaries of the Royal Medi- cal Benevolent Fund; some are doctors, some are widows with children, all are in need of our help and may be faced with prospect of having little with which to celebrate Christmas.The object of the Christmas appeal of the Royal Medical Benevolent Fund is to enable us to send financial gifts to our 780 beneficiaries this Christ- mas and also in Christmases to come.These are a special addition to the awards that we make throughout the year.The fund knows through the many letters received how much this little extra means, enabling those less fortunate than our- selves to have at least some joy and warmth at Christmas.
Increasing Use of Total Knee Replacement and Revision Surgery
Authors: James Slover, Joseph D. Zuckerman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Targeted enzyme therapy of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats.
Authors: R B White, L Lowrie, J E Stork, S S Iskandar, M E Lamm, S N Emancipator
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

We sought to determine whether systemic administration of proteases ameliorates membranous nephritis induced in rats by immunization and challenge with cationic bovine gamma globulin, and whether targeting of protease to glomerular capillaries increases efficacy. Proteases substituted with biotin were targeted via the cationic protein avidin A, which by virtue of its charge has affinity for the glomerular basement membrane. Despite identical pretreatment proteinuria, rats given untargeted protease (biotin-conjugated without avidin, or unconjugated plus avidin) had significantly less proteinuria than saline-treated controls and nephrotic rats given avidin plus biotin-conjugated (targeted) protease had even less proteinuria and reduced glomerular rat IgG and C3. Among more severely nephrotic rats, targeted protease was again more effective than untargeted protease at reducing proteinuria, and also decreased the size of electron-dense glomerular deposits, hypercholesterolemia, and creatininemia. Inactivated targeted proteases had no effect on proteinuria, hypercholesterolemia, or azotemia. Finally, active targeted protease did not affect proteinuria in the nonimmune mediated nephrosis induced by puromycin aminonucleoside. We conclude that systemic protease can specifically diminish glomerular immune deposits, proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and creatininemia associated with experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis but not toxic nephrosis, and that targeted protease is more effective than untargeted protease.
Cryptococcal Lymphadenitis and Massive Splenomegaly in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Zafer Ünsal Coskun, Dana Mathews, Paul Weatherall, Daniel Skiest, Orhan K. Öz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

We report an unusual case of lymphadenitis and splenitis in a hemophiliac with AIDS. Splenomegaly without focal lesions was shown by CT and MRI. A Ga-67 scan demonstrated markedly increased activity in the spleen and increased focal activity in the left supraclavicular region. Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from blood. A fine needle aspirate of a supraclavicular lymph node revealed budding yeast. After therapy, a repeat gallium scan showed no supraclavicular activity and markedly reduced splenic uptake. Cryptococcal infection should be in the differential diagnosis of markedly increased Ga-67 uptake in splenomegaly and focal lymph node uptake in an immunocompromised patient.
Obesity in children. Part 1: Epidemiology, measurement, risk factors, and screening
Authors: R. R Kipping, R. Jago, D. A Lawlor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

#### Summary points

Obesity was first included in the international classification of diseases in 1948. Since then, an epidemic has developed internationally, affecting all age groups. This article describes the prevalence of obesity in children, its underlying risk factors, its consequences, and how it can be measured; it also discusses whether children should be screened for obesity. In a second article to be published next week we will discuss the prevention and management of obesity in children.1 The terms used are defined in box 1 (where authors of cited papers use terms differently we use the authors’ own words).

#### Sources and selection criteria 

This review draws on the Foresight report, guidance from the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence, and a Cochrane review of preventing obesity.

In April 2008 we searched the Cochrane Library database of reviews and the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination databases using the search term “obesity”. We also conducted a Medline search ((Child$ or paediatric or pediatric or adolescent) and (Obes$ or overweight)) limited to 1 January 2005 to 6 May 2008 and “review articles”; this identified 1105 articles. We read the abstracts …
Changes in Heart Rate During Levarterenol Infusion
Authors: FRANK A. FINNERTY, JOHN TUCKMAN, GEORGE C. HAJJAR
Journal: Circulation Research (1959)

Studies in this laboratory have demonstrated varying responses in heart rate during levarterenol-induced hypertension. A decreased bradycrotic response did not seem to depend on the age of the patient, the control level of arterial pressure or the percentage increase in mean arterial pressure. The present study was designed to evaluate the factors which govern the changes in heart rate during levarterenol infusion.
Molecular and Genetic Crosstalks between mTOR and ERRα Are Key Determinants of Rapamycin-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
Authors: Cédric Chaveroux, Lillian J. Eichner, Catherine R. Dufour, Aymen Shatnawi, Arkady Khoutorsky, Guillaume Bourque, Nahum Sonenberg, Vincent Giguère
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2013)
TCT-295 Neointimal growth patterns after between biodegradable polymer biolimus-eluting or permanent polymer everolimus-eluting stent implantation assessed with newly developed “spread-out neointimal topography”: Results from ISAR-TEST6 OCT trial
Authors: Tomohisa Tada, Adnan Kastrati, Robert Byrne, Tibor Schuster, Rezarta Cuni, Lamin King, Salvatore Cassese, Michael Joner, Steffen Massberg, Albert Schömig, Julinda Mehilli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Non-invasive imaging of transplanted human neural stem cells and ECM scaffold remodeling in the stroke-damaged rat brain by 19F- and diffusion-MRI
Authors: Ellen Bible, Flavio Dell’Acqua, Bhavana Solanky, Anthony Balducci, Peter M. Crapo, Stephen F. Badylak, Eric T. Ahrens, Michel Modo
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Vitronectin colocalizes with Ig deposits and C9 neoantigen in discoid lupus erythematosus and dermatitis herpetiformis, but not in bullous pemphigoid
Authors: KARIN DAHLBACK, HELGE LOFBERG, BJORN DAHLBUK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

C9 neoantigen immunoreactivity has been found to colocalize with C3 immunoreactivity at the dermal‐epidermal junction zone (DEZ) in skin specimens from patients with bullous pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus and dermatitis herpetiformis. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the C9 neoantigen immunoreactivity represents deposition of membrane attack complexes or non‐lytic SC5b‐9 complexes. Skin specimens from 11 patients with pemphigoid, five patients with discoid lupus erythematosus and from nine patients with dermatitis herpetiformis were studied with immunofluorescence using both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against C9 neoantigen and against vitronectin (S‐protein), an inhibitor to the membrane attack complex of complement. Specimens from the pemphigoid patients demonstrated C9 neoantigen reactivity along the DEZ without detectable colocalized vitronectin. This suggests deposition of membrane attack complexes in the pemphigoid lesions. Immunoreactivity of both C9 neoantigen and vitronectin was detected in the DEZ in specimens of discoid lupus erythematosus and in the tips of dermal papillae in specimens of dermatitis herpetiformis. The combined presence of C9 neoantigen‐ and vitronectin immunoreactivity may indicate deposition of C9 as part of the non‐lytic SC5b‐9 complex. The finding reported here of differential deposition of vitronectin and C9 in different diseases indicates that the presence of C9 neoantigen immunoreactivity in tissue per se does not represent the deposition of membrane attack complexes, but that it may also be C9 deposited as part of the nonlytic SC5b‐9 complex.
Roles Played by Chemolipiodolization and Embolization in Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Single-Blind, Randomized Trial
Authors: Ming Shi, Li-Gong Lu, Wan-Qiang Fang, Rong-Ping Guo, Min-Shan Chen, Yong Li, Jun Luo, Li Xu, Ru-Hai Zou, Xiao-Jun Lin, Ya-Qi Zhang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2012)

The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and safety of: 1) transarterial chemolipiodolization with gelatin sponge embolization vs chemolipiodolization without embolization, and 2) chemolipiodolization with triple chemotherapeutic agents vs epirubicin alone. A single-blind, three parallel arm, randomized trial was conducted at three clinical centers with patients with biopsy-confirmed unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Arm 1 received triple-drug chemolipiodolization and sponge embolization, whereas Arm 2 received triple-drug chemolipiodolization only. Patients in arm 3 were treated with single-drug chemolipiodolization and sponge embolization. We compared overall survival and time to progression. Event–time distributions were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. All statistical tests were two-sided. From July 2007 to November 2009, 365 patients (Arm 1: n = 122; Arm 2: n = 121; Arm 3: n = 122) were recruited. The median tumor size was 10.9cm (range = 7–22cm), and 34.5% had macrovascular invasion. The median survivals and time to progression in Arm 1, Arm 2, and Arm 3 were 10.5 and 3.6 months, 10.1 and 3.1 months, and 5.9 and 3.1 months, respectively. Survival was statistically significantly better in Arm 1 than in Arm 3 (P < .001), whereas there was no statistically significant difference between Arm 1 and Arm 2 (P = .20). Objective response rates were 45.9%, 29.7%, and 18.9% for Arm 1, Arm 2, and Arm 3, respectively. Chemolipiodolization played an important role in transarterial chemoembolization, and the choice of chemotherapy regimen may largely affect survival outcomes. However, the removal of embolization from chemoembolization might not statistically significantly decrease survival.
Intravascular Erythrophagocytosis-Reply
Authors: Henry D. Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  — Lee raises the important issue of whether the peripheral blood findings we described were artifactually induced by in vitro  of the blood sample. Phagocyte-erythrocyte contact is greatly enhanced in a resting tube of blood, and this leads to increased erythrophagocytosis (in the presence of opsonized erythrocytes). We have to agree with Lee that its extent was probably accentuated by extravascular incubation of the blood sample (for approximately 60 minutes at room temperature in the interval between blood collection and preparation of the film). We also agree that erythrocyte agglutination and most of the rosettes (around leukocytes) most likely formed during this brief period of standing and cooling.  Zinkham and Diamond 1 clearly documented in vitro enhancement of erythrophagocytosis in a study of four children with idiopathic hemolytic anemia. In all of these patients, direct examination of the peripheral blood revealed no more than 0.1% erythrophagocytic leukocytes.
Nothingness: the role of journals
Authors: Richard Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A whole issue of a journal devoted to what doesn't work. An orgy of failure. Isn't this a mad idea? Don't our readers want to hear about medicine's remarkable successes rather than its ignominious defeats? Maybe some do, but many, I suspect, will experience a shiver of delight on reading this litany of ineffectiveness. It's much closer than usual issues of the journal to the real world of misunderstood patients, wrong diagnoses, lost tests, illegible writing, incomprehensible instructions, failed treatments, broken relationships, and shattered dreams. For this week at least we will be closer to Shakespeare than Enid …
Atrial natriuretic peptides inhibit conductive sodium uptake by rabbit inner medullary collecting duct cells.
Authors: M L Zeidel, D Kikeri, P Silva, M Burrowes, B M Brenner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) effects net sodium reabsorption under the control of volume regulatory hormones, including atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP). These studies examined the mechanisms of sodium transport and its regulation by ANP in fresh suspensions of IMCD cells. Sodium uptake was inhibited by amiloride but insensitive to furosemide, bu-metanide, and hydrochlorthiazide. These results are consistent with uptake mediated by a sodium channel or Na+/H+ exchange. To determine the role of sodium channels, cells were hyperpolarized by preincubation in high potassium medium followed by dilution into potassium-free medium. Membrane potential measurements using the cyanine dye, Di(S)-C3-5 verified a striking hyperpolarization of IMCD cells using this protocol. Hyperpolarization increased the apparent initial rate of sodium uptake fourfold. Amiloride and ANP inhibited potential-stimulated sodium uptake 73% and 65%, respectively; the two agents together were not additive. Addition of 5 mM sodium to hyperpolarized cells resulted in a significant amiloride-sensitive depolarization. Half-maximal inhibition of potential-driven sodium uptake occurred at 3 X 10(-7) M amiloride, and 5 X 10(-11) M ANP. We conclude that sodium enters IMCD cells via a conductive, amiloride-sensitive sodium channel, which is regulated by ANP. ANP inhibition of luminal sodium entry in the IMCD appears to contribute to the marked natriuretic effect of this hormone in vivo.