tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2716: Overexpression of p16INK4a in Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Dawen Yu, Hong Zhang, Alison Carrigg, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez, Yu-Tsueng Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) is a recently discovered human oncogenic virus. The majority of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC) have been found to be infected with MCV. The MCV large T antigen (LTA) consists of an Rb binding motif that is functionally analogous to the E7 protein of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types (eg. 16 and 18). It has been well documented that inactivation of Rb leads to overexpression of p16INK4a. Clinically, immunohistochemistry for p16INK4a has proven useful in the diagnosis of HPV driven epithelial malignancies including cervical as well as head and neck cancers. The present study explores the relationship between MCV infection and p16INK4a expression using an in vitro cell culture system and 10 clinical specimens of MCC that have been diagnosed at the San Diego VA Hospital over a 21 year period. First, IMR-90 cells were transfected with MCV LTA plasmids, which carry either wild-type or mutant Rb binding motif for immunofluorescence analysis. Only cells transfected with wild-type, but not mutant LTA, were associated with p16INK4a up-regulation. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was established between MCV LTA and p16INK4a expression in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded MCC samples by immunohistochemical staining using p16INK4a and MCV LTA specific monoclonal antibodies, and real-time PCR to detect MCV with two pairs of primers. In conclusion, strong association between p16INK4a expression and MCC suggests that the MCV and HPV related carcinomas share some common oncogenic pathways. In addition, p16INK4a positivity can be a useful diagnostic tool in differentiating MCC from other small blue cell tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2716. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2716
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON OTORHINOLOGIC HYGIENE OF SWIMMING
Authors: H. M. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The Commitee on Otorhinologic Hygiene of Swimming begs leave to submit the following report: The healthfulness of swimming as an exercise is undeniable, but the human body lacks adaptation to sojourn in water, and means for its protection are, therefore, necessary. Public health authorities, in most of the states, have promulgated adequate rules for the construction, maintenance and bacteriologic examination of swimming pools and bathing places. In certain states, notices are now suggested or prescribed, "warning persons with colds, head infections, running noses or ears or catarrh, that swimming or diving tends to force infection into the sinuses or ears, resulting in serious, if not fatal, consequences." The use of such notices should be suggested to the public health authorities of all the states. It is suggested that oiled wool or other effective methods of closing the external auditory meatus be advised, in order to prevent external otitis. It is
Human Disease Caused by Brucella canis
Authors: Robert S. Munford
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Nonlaboratory-associated human illness caused by<i>Brucella canis</i>occurred in two persons. Fever, chills, malaise, and weight loss were prominent symptoms in both patients. Epidemiologic investigation identified a household dog as the likely source of one patient's infection, and serologic studies and blood cultures on neighborhood dogs showed that approximately 30% were positive for<i>B canis</i>. Persons exposed to infected dogs appeared to have a low risk of disease. Although routine<i>Brucella</i>agglutinin tests do not detect antibodies to<i>B canis</i>, available methods for diagnosis include a specific<i>B canis</i>serologic test and culture techniques. (<i>JAMA</i>231:1267-1269, 1975)
Distinct Functions of α3 and αV Integrin Receptors in Neuronal Migration and Laminar Organization of the Cerebral Cortex
Authors: E.S Anton, Jordan A Kreidberg, Pasko Rakic
Journal: Neuron (1999)

Changes in specific cell–cell recognition and adhesion interactions between neurons and radial glial cells regulate neuronal migration as well as the establishment of distinct layers in the developing cerebral cortex. Here, we show that α3β1 integrin is necessary for neuron–glial recognition during neuronal migration and that αV integrins provide optimal levels of the basic neuron–glial adhesion needed to maintain neuronal migration on radial glial fibers. A gliophilic-to-neurophilic switch in the adhesive preference of developing cortical neurons occurs following the loss of α3β1 integrin function. Furthermore, the targeted mutation of the α3 integrin gene results in abnormal layering of the cerebral cortex. These results suggest that α3β1 and αV integrins regulate distinct aspects of neuronal migration and neuron–glial interactions during corticogenesis.
REPLACEMENT OF SCALP ON A DENUDED DRY SKULL BY GRANULATIONS SECURED THROUGH HOLES DRILLED IN THE BONE
Authors: T. C. Davison
Journal: JAMA (1918)

In this case there was successful development of a covering of granulation tissue and epithelium over a skull dome, the bones of which were exposed, dry and undergoing necrosis. Grafts could not be attempted because of the bones' condition, and the usual tissue and blood supply for flaps in this area had also been destroyed. The clothing of a girl of 6 caught fire. She threw herself, face downward, under the bed and protected her face by her right arm. The lower edge of the burned area extended across her back from the right lower costal margin to the angle of the left scapula. From this line the burn extended upward and, besides the head and neck burns, involved the back of both shoulders, more especially the right, and the extensor surface of the right arm. On the head and neck the burns and resultant sloughs involved the nape and
What works to address prejudice? Look to developmental science research for the answer
Authors: Melanie Killen, Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Aline Hitti, Adam Rutland
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Developmental perspectives on prejudice provide a fundamental and important key to the puzzle for determining how to address prejudice. Research with historically disadvantaged and advantaged groups in childhood and adolescence reveals the complexity of social cognitive and moral judgments about prejudice, discrimination, bias, and exclusion. Children are aware of status and hierarchies, and often reject the status quo. Intervention, to be effective, must happen early in development, before prejudice and stereotypes are deeply entrenched.
Influence of the common human delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase polymorphism on lead body burden.
Authors: J G Wetmur
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

delta-Aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALAD) is the second enzyme in the heme biosynthesis pathway. ALAD is a zinc metalloenzyme, and its inhibition by lead substitution for zinc is one of the most sensitive indicators of blood-lead accumulation, a measure of recent lead exposure. Stoichiometry calculations indicate that a significant portion of blood lead is stored in ALAD. Human ALAD exhibits a charge polymorphism, with about 20% of Caucasians expressing the rarer ALAD2 allele. Human ALAD1 and ALAD2 cDNAs and the 16-kb ALAD gene have been cloned and sequenced. A simple polymerase chain reaction test has been established and validated for determining ALAD genotypes. Two population studies have indicated that lead-exposed individuals with the ALAD2 allele have blood-lead levels about 10 micrograms/dl greater than similarly exposed individuals carrying only the ALAD1 allele. Ongoing work is directed toward determining the biochemistry underlying the allele-specific accumulation of blood lead, and toward determining the contribution of human ALAD genotype to lead accumulation in other tissues in transgenic mouse models and to final lead deposition in bone in both mouse and man.
Tributes to Thomas Chalmers
Authors: Cynthia Mulrow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 April 1996Tributes to Thomas ChalmersCynthia Mulrow, MDCynthia Mulrow, MDAudie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital; San Antonio, TX 78284Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-7-199604010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The true greatness of a person may not be known until long after his death, but such is not the case with Tom Chalmers. The immediate and vast outpouring of sentiments, respect, and loving regard that have appeared after Tom's death is truly impressive. Those of us who knew him personally may be struck by how little each of us was really aware of the depth and breadth of his experiences and accomplishments. Many of us knew his publications and scholarly achievements, but perhaps few of us were aware of things that, when all is said and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital; San Antonio, TX 78284 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1996Volume 124, Issue 7Page: 696 Issue Published: 1 April 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The window of opportunity in ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis is not explained by ACPA characteristics
Authors: A. Willemze, M. P. M. van der Linden, S. le Cessie, L. A. Trouw, R. E. M. Toes, T. W. J. Huizinga, A. H. M. van der Helm-van Mil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Very early therapy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs is associated with lower levels of joint destruction and a higher chance of achieving remission.1,–,5 Having symptoms for >12 weeks at treatment initiation is a strong and independent risk factor for a persistent disease course.1 3,–,5 These observations have led to the concept of the 'window of opportunity'.2 This hypothesis presumes that underlying disease processes are not fully matured in the very early stage of arthritis, making modulation more successful. However, putative biological mechanisms remain unexplored.

Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) precede arthritis development and are associated with a severe disease course.6 We hypothesised that the ACPA response broadens within the very early phase of RA and in doing so limits the 'window of opportunity'. Therefore, it was examined whether patients who were assessed within 12 weeks of symptom onset had a less broadened ACPA response than patients with longer symptom duration.

Three hundred and nine ACPA-positive patients (defined by anti-CCP2 positivity) fulfilling the 1987 ACR criteria for …
Intermittent Melphalan Therapy in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Barth Hoogstraten
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A group of 48 patients with myeloma was given intermittent courses of melphalan, 0.15 mg/kg/day for seven days. Subjective improvement was noted in 50% (24) of patients, objective improvement in 65% (31). Forty percent (19) of the patients had a response as drafted in this study. Of patients who were studied more than three months, the responding patients lived significantly longer than the nonresponding patients. A higher objective response rate was found in the patients who were treated until there was significant thrombocytopenia. Two consecutive studies indicate that continuous maintenance therapy with melphalan is probably better than intermittent maintenance for control of pain. There is accumulative evidence that melphalan prolongs life in patients with multiple myeloma.
Anti-tumor effect of intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin-loaded microspheres to human tumor xenografted nude mice
Authors: Takashi Tamura, Fumiko Fujita, Masahiko Tanimoto, Masako Koike, Akira Suzuki, Masahide Fujita, Yuji Horikiri, Yasuo Sakamoto, Takehiko Suzuki, Hiroyuki Yoshino
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2002)
Comparisons with recent flu mortality
Authors: L. J Donaldson, P. D Rutter, B. M Ellis, F. E C Greaves, O. T Mytton, R. G Pebody, I. E Yardley
Journal: BMJ (2010)

How do the number of deaths from pandemic A/H1N1 compare with influenza related mortality in recent years?1 2 

The official estimate of influenza mortality is produced by the Health Protection Agency (HPA). It is derived from excess (above “expected” level) all cause death registrations in the winter. The estimates for the past five years in England and Wales are: 1965 (2004-5 winter season), 0 (2005-6), …
The Deadly Truth: A History of Disease in America
Authors: M. Humphreys
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Spectrophotometric Analysis of Drugs, Including Atlas of Spectra.
Authors: Eleanor Berman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Studies dealing with ultraviolet absorption spectra of a few organic compounds first appeared at the turn of the century. Since then, elaborate instrumentation, enabling the fairly rapid identification of organic agents by their ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra, has become a routine tool in the vigorous drug industry and in toxicological problems. Sporadically, papers concerned with absorption spectra of small groups of drugs—barbiturates, morphine, and belladonna alkaloids, strychnine, etc—have appeared. However, until the publication of the present volume there had been no systematic compilation of data for any great body of drugs. This collection, containing both ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra of 150 commonly used compounds, will be appreciated by the analyst screening multiple specimens for toxic substances. The volume is well organized and arranged in a practical, usable manner. Compounds studied are listed alphabetically by generic name and synonyms. Substances are also indexed according to their absorption maxima in
Microalbuminuria accompanies concentric type of left ventricular geometric pattern in untreated essential hypertensive subjects
Authors: Costas Tsioufis, C. Stefanadis, D. Antoniadis, I. Kallikazaros, T. Psaros, S. Lalos, C. Pitsavos, V. Papademetriou, P. Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
THE MEDICAL PROFESSION AND THE ISSUES WHICH CONFRONT IT.PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS AT THE FIFTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AT BOSTON, JUNE 5-8, 1906.
Authors: WILLIAM J. MAYO
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The American Medical Association begins its fifty-seventh Annual Session under the most auspicious circumstances. After an interval of forty-one years it again meets in Boston, the guest of this great commonwealth which has ably upheld the highest medical traditions since the founding of New England. Another cause of felicitation: The sectional differences in New York have been overcome and the Empire State, for the first time in twenty-five years, presents a unified delegation. The House of Delegates of the American Medical Association (which technically is the American Medical Association) represents directly about 55,000 and indirectly the 120,000 regular practitioners of medicine in the United States. The official organ,The Journal, reaches each week over 43,000 subscribers, and, under the able editorship of Dr. George H. Simmons, has become the leading professional magazine in the world. The medical profession is to be congratulated on these evidences of a useful organization, but
OPHTHALMITIS OCCURRING LONG AFTER ENUCLEATION of the FELLOW EYE for INJURY
Authors: G. Ferdinands
Journal: BMJ (1898)

1 ' i, I583 by any known method-an assumption for which there is no ground whatever.It seems to me that we are obliged to fall back on some form of the old theory, that sympathetic ophthalmia is due, partially if not entirely, to irritation of the ciliary nerves.No doubt there are difficulties in the way, which experimenters have so far failed to remove, but in seeking for an explanation of these failures several possibilities are open to us.The common occurrence of sympathetic irritation in one eye after injury to the other is generally acknowledged, and it may be that the mechanism by which this irritation is con- veyed differs in man from that in dogs, rabbits, and guinea- pigs, and this seems not so unlikely when we remember the anatomical arrangement of the whole ocular apparatus in man, designed to secure binocular vision.Or it may be that the explanation lies in the anatomical and physiological relationships of the nervous mechanism conveying the irrita- tion, of which we as yet know nothing, and I believe that it is by the study of these relationships that our knowledge of the cause of sympathetic ophthalmia is most likely to be ex- tended.I have to acknowledge my great indebtedness to Dr. Lor- rain Smith, not only for his permission to work in the Pathological Laboratory of Queen's College, but also for valuable aid and advice in-performing the experiments, and in the course of the research.
α‐Interferon treatment for idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: Paula L. Bockenstedt, John T. Santinga, Steven F. Bolling
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1994)

Abstract Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a poorly understood disorder characterized by a markedly elevated peripheral blood eosinophil count in the absence of known associated causes of hypereosinophilia. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is associated with eosinophil‐induced organ damage, including endomyocardial and pulmonary fibrosis, stroke, and gastrointestinal disease. Treatment of idiopathic HES is centered on the reduction of peripheral circulating eosinophils in an effort to diminish tissue infiltration and destruction. Multiple cytotoxic agents have been tried, with variable resutts. Prednisone and hydroxyurea have remained the therapies of choice in long term treatment of idiopathic HES. We report here the successful 2 year treatment of aggressive idiopathic HES, refractory to hyroxyurea and prednisone, with α‐interferon. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systemic Targeting Inhibitor of κB Kinase Inhibits Melanoma Tumor Growth
Authors: Jinming Yang, Wei-Hua Pan, Gary A. Clawson, Ann Richmond
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Constitutive activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been directly implicated in tumorigenesis of various cancer types, including melanoma. Inhibitor of κB kinase (IKK) functions as a major mediator of NF-κB activation. Thus, development of an IKK-specific inhibitor has been a high priority, although it remains unclear whether systemic inhibition of IKK will provide therapeutic benefit. In this study, we show that inhibition of NF-κB activity in melanocytes that are persistently expressing an active H-RasV12 gene and are deficient in the tumor suppressors inhibitor A of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/alternative reading frame results in reduction of melanoma tumor growth in vivo. This effect is, at least in part, via regulation of NF-κB nuclear activation and RelA phosphorylation. Based on this result, we developed a double hammerhead ribozyme long-term expression system to silence either IKKα or IKKβ. The ribozymes were placed in an EBV construct and delivered i.v. to nude mice bearing melanoma lesions, which developed after i.v. injection of H-Ras–transformed melanoma cells. Our in vivo data show that knockdown of endogenous IKKβ significantly reduces the growth of the melanoma lesions and knockdown of either IKKα or IKKβ prolongs the life span of immunocompetent mice. [Cancer Res 2007;67(7):3127–34]
Total Gastrectomy
Authors: Reginald H. Smithwick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

A DISCUSSION of carcinoma of the stomach should not fail to emphasize three points: the earliest symptoms of the disease are often mild and insidious and may consist of nothing more than indigestion, loss of appetite or easy fatigability; there is a great need for earlier diagnosis and operation if the survival rates are to be improved; and carcinoma of the stomach is responsible for more deaths per year than cancer of any other organ and for approximately 30 per cent of the total annual cancer mortality.Many cases — 50 per cent in Ogilvie's1 series — were obviously hopeless when first . . .
Potential for cadaveric organ retrieval in New South Wales.
Authors: A. D. Hibberd, I. Y. Pearson, C. J. McCosker, J. R. Chapman, G. J. Macdonald, J. F. Thompson, D. L. O'Connell, P. J. Mohacsi, M. P. McLoughlin, P. M. Spratt
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To measure the potential for cadaver organ retrieval in New South Wales and to determine the reasons for potential donors failing to become actual donors. DESIGN--Prospective audit of all patients dying in five hospitals in New South Wales between 1 December 1989 and 30 November 1990; quality assurance of the data by independent medical specialist and if disagreement by study committee. PATIENTS--2879 patients (100% of all deaths) yielding 364 patients with coma and 181 potential donors. OUTCOME MEASURES--Realistic medically suitable potential donor rate, missed potential donor rate, rate of potential donors with permission refused, donor rate, reasons for realistic medically suitable potential donors failing to become actual donors. RESULTS--2879 deaths yielded 73 medically suitable potential donors, resulting in 19 actual donors, 30 missed potential donors, 19 potential donors with permission refused, and five in whom adequate resuscitation failed. The most common reason for a potential donor failing to become an actual donor was a decision by the senior medical practitioner to withdraw or not to institute ventilatory or haemodynamic support (26/73). The second major obstacle was refusal of permission by the next of kin (17/73). Assuming that the potential donor rate was that implied by the observed donor rate (13/million population/year) the projected missed potential donor rate was 9/million population/year (95% confidence interval 4 to 15) and the projected rate of potential donors with permission refused was 13/million population/year (95% confidence interval 5 to 22). Assuming that the rate of potential donors in the study hospitals was the same as in the other New South Wales hospitals, the projected donor rate for New South Wales was 18/million population/year (10 to 26); the projected missed potential donor rate was 15/million population/year (7 to 23); and the projected rate of potential donors with permission refused was 18/million population/year (10 to 27). CONCLUSIONS--The donor rate could be increased 70%-80% by overcoming the reluctance of medical practitioners to resuscitate missed potential donors and increased further by gaining permission for organ retrieval from the next of kin.