tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk of Thromboembolism in Heart Failure
Authors: Ronald S. Freudenberger, Anne S. Hellkamp, Jonathan L. Halperin, Jeanne Poole, Jill Anderson, George Johnson, Daniel B. Mark, Kerry L. Lee, Gust H. Bardy
Journal: Circulation (2007)

In patients with heart failure, rates of clinically apparent stroke range from 1.3% to 3.5% per year. Little is known about the incidence and risk factors in the absence of atrial fibrillation. In the Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD-HeFT), 2521 patients with moderate heart failure were randomized to receive amiodarone, implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), or placebo.We determined the incidence of stroke or peripheral or pulmonary embolism in patients with no history of atrial fibrillation (n=2114), predictors of thromboembolism and the relationship to left ventricular ejection fraction. Median follow-up was 45.5 months. Kaplan-Meier estimates (95% CIs) for the incidence of thromboembolism by 4 years were 4.0% (3.0% to 4.9%), with 2.6% (1.1% to 4.1%) in patients randomized to amiodarone, 3.2% (1.8% to 4.7%) in patients randomized to ICD, and 6.0% (4.0% to 8.0%) in patients randomized to placebo (approximate rates of 0.7%, 0.8%, and 1.5% per year, respectively). By multivariable analysis, hypertension (P=0.021) and decreasing left ventricular ejection fraction (P=0.023) were significant predictors of thromboembolism; treatment with amiodarone or ICD treatment was a significant predictor of thromboembolism-free survival (P=0.014 for treatment effect; hazard ratio [95% CI] versus placebo, 0.57 [0.33 to 0.99] for ICD; 0.44 [0.24 to 0.80] for amiodarone). Inclusion of atrial fibrillation during follow-up in the multivariable model did not affect the significance of treatment assignment as a predictor of thromboembolism.In the SCD-HeFT patient cohort, which reflects contemporary treatment of patients with moderately symptomatic systolic heart failure, patients experienced thromboembolism events at a rate of 1.7% per year without antiarrhythmic therapy. Those treated with amiodarone or ICDs had lower risk of thromboembolism than those given placebo. Hypertension at baseline and lower ejection fraction were independent predictors of risk.
Role of pelvimetry in active management of labour.
Authors: D N Joyce, F Giwa-Osagie, G W Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (1975)

All cases referred for pelvimetry in 1970-1 and all breech presentations referred for pelvimetry in 1972-4 were reviewed. Indications for pelvimetry fell into four main categories: high head in the antenatal clinic (47-8%); high head in labour (13-9%); breech presentation (20-9%); and previous caesarean section (14-8%). In the first two categories pelvimetry rarely if ever influenced management, and it should not be performed routinely. In breech presentation and cases of caesarean section pelvimetry seemed to be of value, but in the latter group it should be performed puerperally to avoid the known radiation hazard to the fetus. A fairly close correlation between obstetric conjugate and pelvic capacity was shown, which suggested that a 3400-g baby might pass through a pelvis of obstetric conjugate of 10 cm as a cephalic trial of labour, but would need an obstetric conjugate of 11-7 cm for safe vaginal breech delivery.
New York's first medical school; King's College (Columbia), 1767-1775
Authors: B. Stookey
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Medicine in New York in the mid 1700s was greatly influenced by John Livingston and Cadwalader Colden. The former, editor of the Independent Reflector , outlined in detail in two issues, in February and May 1753, a draft for the regulation of the practice of physic and surgery; and the latter, a physician, scientist, and repeatedly Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of New York, was responsible for the first significant law in New York, passed June 10,1760, requiring an examination and stating, No Person whatsoever shall practice as a Physician or surgeon... before he shall first be examined in Physick or surgery and approved of and admitted...  New York was further fortunate in having Peter Middleton, MD, University of St. Andrews, Dundee, Scotland. 1 He and John Bard gave anatomical instruction to medical students, using a body, that of an executed murderer, in which they had injected the blood vessels according to
Value of Glycosylated Hemoglobin Measurements After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Norman G. Soler
Journal: JAMA (1981)

All nondiabetic patients admitted to a coronary care unit with suspected myocardial infarction (MI) had glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1) determinations to aid in the interpretation of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was frequent among patients with a confirmed MI, whereas an elevated Hb A1 level was less common and affected patients with and without MI equally. With the use of a fasting plasma glucose level of 140 mg/dL and an Hb A1 level of more than 8.5% as combined diagnostic criteria, 9% of patients (8/93) with MI and 12% of patients (8/68) without MI had previously unrecognized diabetes. Follow-up studies three months after the acute episode supported these results. The Hb A1 measurements provide a practical method to separate hyperglycemia due to stress from that due to diabetes mellitus. Marked hyperglycemia with a normal Hb A1 level indicates a severe MI.
The role of the antrum in determining the acid secretory response to meals to different consistency.
Authors: D R Hunt, A P Forrest
Journal: Gut (1975)

Three dogs with denervated pouches of stomach were tested with two test meals, one of homogenized and the other of minced meat, before and after antral denervation. The results show that the preparation of food plays an important part in the acid response and that homogenization augments acid stimulatory potential, probably by virtue of increased buffer capacity.
Zinc and Copper in Psoriasis
Authors: M. W. Greaves
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article Zinc and Copper in Psoriasis Get access M. W. Greaves M. W. Greaves Department of Dermatology Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 86, Issue 4, 1 April 1972, Page 439, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb05063.x Published: 01 April 1972
Synchrotron Transvenous Angiography Holds Promise in Coronary Studies
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A NEW IMAGING TECHNIQUE may provide a less invasive alternative to coronary angiography. The technique, synchrotron radiation-based transvenous angiography, requires only an iodinated contrast agent administered intravenously and in lower concentrations than required for cardiac catheterization. It utilizes lower radiation doses and takes less time to perform than coronary angiography. Edward Rubenstein, MD, who described the procedure at the recent annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Francisco, Calif, said that because the procedural risk is much lower than that of standard coronary angiography, the technique has potential utility in long-term studies of atherogenesis and may be suitable for clinical use as well. Rubenstein, a professor of Medicine at Stanford (Calif) University Medical Center, has been developing the technique with a team of cardiologists and physicists at Stanford, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, and the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, NY. The
Coronary Risk Estimation and Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Alain Simon, Jean Louis Megnien, Jaime Levenson
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Evidence-based treatment of hypercholesterolemia currently recommended for rationalizing drug prescription requires justification of treatment by randomized trials, such as the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS) or the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S), and evaluation of its benefit from the estimation of the coronary risk of each patient. Methods and Results The latest European guidelines and Sheffield tables apply these principles and justify the decision to treat hypercholesterolemia if the Framingham coronary multivariate risk estimate is high enough, ie, &gt;20% risk of coronary event at 10 years in the former and &gt;1.5% risk of coronary death per year in the latter. Nevertheless, the practice of these two recent guidelines results in discrepancies in the decision to treat, because coronary morbidity was considered in one but mortality was considered in the other, and the risk required for treating may be extrapolated from different trials (4S or WOSCOPS). Conclusions Although the principle of targeting lipid-lowering treatment to high-risk subjects is unquestioned, further studies are needed to demonstrate that the Framingham risk profile is useful in selecting persons who are likely to benefit and to determine the place of newer risk factors and that of early noninvasive detection of atheroma in the risk estimation–based treatment.
Early life risk factors for obesity in childhood: Early feeding is crucial target for preventing obesity in children
Authors: Iain E Buchan, Richard F Heller, Peter Clayton, Peter E Bundred, Tim J Cole
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Prognosis in obesity Older people should not be misinformed about being overweightEditor-With reference to the editorial by Lean on prognosis in obesity, 1 advising apparently overweight older people to lose weight may do more harm than good.Evidence suggests that the risks of being "overweight" decrease with increasing age.On the basis of mortality, the ideal body mass index (BMI) is higher in older than young adults, with an optimum BMI for people older than 65 in the young adult "overweight" range of 27-30 kg/m 2 . 2 In a systematic review, Heiat et al concluded that the relation between BMI and mortality in people older than 65 is a flat bottomed, Ushaped curve, with mortality rising only at BMI > 31 kg/m 2 and perhaps not at any BMI in people older than 75. 2 Weight loss is more common than weight gain in older people, and associated with poor outcomes, even when the weight loss is intentional and the person was "overweight" at baseline. [3]4][5] In the prospective cardiovascular health study of some 4700 community dwelling people older than 65, weight loss of more than 5% over three years was substantially more common than weight gain of more than 5%. 3 Weight loss, but not weight gain, was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (relative risk 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 2.15). 3 The association of increased mortality with weight loss persisted even at the highest third of baseline weight. 3 In a study of older men with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 , intentional weight loss was associated (P < 0.001) with a greater rate of hip bone loss ( -1.7%/year) than in men with no weight loss ( -0.1%/year) or weight gain (0.5%/year). 5 The indiscriminate application of evidence from studies in younger adults to the management of older people is hazardous.We believe that many older people are trying to lose weight inappropriately.There is a need to ensure that most of our elders are given appropriate advice: "Keep physically active, eat sensibly, and maintain weight."
Development and validation of an International Prognostic Score of thrombosis in World Health Organization–essential thrombocythemia (IPSET-thrombosis)
Authors: Tiziano Barbui, Guido Finazzi, Alessandra Carobbio, Juergen Thiele, Francesco Passamonti, Elisa Rumi, Marco Ruggeri, Francesco Rodeghiero, Maria Luigia Randi, Irene Bertozzi, Heinz Gisslinger, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Valerio De Stefano, Silvia Betti, Alessandro Rambaldi, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Blood (2012)
Suramin inhibits intimal thickening following intimal injury in the rabbit aorta in vivo
Authors: Y. Asada, A. Tsuneyoshi, K. Marutsuka, A. Sumiyoshi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells is a major event in atherogenesis. Several growth factors have been well documented to control this proliferation. Inhibition by suramin of the binding of some growth factors to their receptors has recently been reported. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of this agent on neointimal thickening following intimal mechanical injury, as well as on platelet function.Intimal thickening was induced by indwelling of polyethylene tubing for 24 h in the rabbit aorta. Rabbits were killed 10 d after drawing out the tubing. Throughout the experiment, suramin (15 mg.kg-1) was injected intravenously every 24 h. Morphological and morphometrical studies were performed in the suramin treated group (n = 6) and in a control group (n = 6). Platelet-rich plasma was prepared from animals before and 3 h after injection of suramin. Platelet aggregation and ATP release induced by collagen were examined. Platelet adhesion on the de-endothelialised area of the rabbit aorta was also examined in the two groups.The mean intimal thickening in the suramin treated group was significantly less than in the control group. Smooth muscle cell replication and cell density in the thickened intima of the suramin treated group were less than in control. Suramin did not affect collagen induced platelet aggregation, ATP release, or platelet adhesion.Suramin has an inhibitory effect on the neointimal thickening and intimal smooth muscle cell proliferation after intimal injury in the rabbit aorta, but has no effect on platelet function.
Transmission of HTLV-I and HIV Among Homosexual Men in Trinidad
Authors: Courtenay Bartholomew
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Risk for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type (HTLV-I) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was evaluated in 100 homosexual or bisexual men from Trinidad. High seropositivity for HTLV-I (15% vs 2.4% in the general population) was linked to duration of homosexuality and numbers of partners, suggesting that HTLV-I, like HIV, can be transmitted by homosexual sex. Forty percent of homosexuals compared with 0.19% of the general population were seropositive for HIV, and sexual contact with US homosexual men and prior history of gonorrhea were major risk factors. The seroprevalence of HIV was three times higher than that for HTLV-I, suggesting that HIV is more efficiently transmitted, especially since HIV appears to have been recently introduced into Trinidad. Altered immune status was prominent in individuals infected with HIV and coinfected with HIV and HTLV-I. Whether HIV/HTLV-I coinfection amplifies clinical effects is a hypothesis that will require further evaluation.
An innocent incident
Authors: R. Poole
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Paul has been a patient of mine for three years. He is a 27 year old bricklayer who developed a relapsing bipolar affective disorder after a bereavement. On 7 November 1995 he was mildly hypomanic and was admitted as an inpatient at his own request. During a break in the day's activities he attended Princess Diana's visit to Liverpool. He slipped through the cordon, had a brief conversation with Princess Diana, and kissed her on the cheek. The following morning several newspapers carried pictures of Paul kissing Princess Diana. Some concerns were raised …
1050-121 Echocardiographic, electrophysiological, histological, and serological recovery during left ventricular assist device support
Authors: Steve Xydas, Jason Cohen, Yoshifumi Naka, Donna M Mancini, Marco DiTullio, Amanda D Arnold, Chuck Ng, Mehmet C Oz, Simon Maybaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Relative Child Poverty, Income Inequality, Wealth, and Health
Authors: Eric Emerson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IgE reactivity of recombinant silverfish tropomyosin
Authors: Bianca Barletta, Eleonora Mr Puggioni, Cinzia Butteroni, Patrizia Iacovacci, Claudia Afferni, Raffaella Tinghino, Renato Ariano, Raphael C Panzani, Carlo Pini, Gabriella Di Felice
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Shipman murdered more than 200 patients, inquiry finds
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The British former GP Harold Shipman murdered at least 215 of his patients, the first phase of the public inquiry into the serial killings concluded last week. There is a “real suspicion” that he claimed the lives of another 45 victims, according to the judge leading the inquiry.

High court judge Dame Janet Smith said Shipman may have been hoping to get caught when he …
Vessel Dimensions in Premature Atheromatous Disease of Aortic Bifurcation
Authors: R. C. Lallemand, K. G. E. Brown, P. S. Boulter
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The area ratio of the abdominal aortic bifurcation is defined as the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the common iliac arteries to the cross-sectional area of the aorta. Abnormality of the area ratio is associated with initiation of atheroma of the lower aorta. Hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta predisposes to early occlusion as the atheromatous process advances.In five out of six women with thrombosis at the aortic bifurcation the area ratio was low. Hypoplasia of the abdominal aorta was present in two of these patients. All six patients were successfully treated by aortoiliac disobliteration and reconstruction.
Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna and Hyperphosphatasemia
Authors: C. G. Gegick, T. S. Danowski, R. C. Khurana, C. Vidalon, S. Nolan, T. Stephan, S. Chae, L. Wingard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Increased serum alkaline phosphatase levels were found in about one half of a group of 65 persons with hyperostosis frontalis interna. Comparisons of various clinical, endocrine, and metabolic indexes in a nonpatient population with and without hyperostosis frontalis interna showed that those with it were older, heavier, and had thicker skin folds, higher serum triglyceride levels, and a slightly shorter duration in one of four indexes of ankle reflex time. All other variables measured, including serum electrolytes and other solutes, glucose tolerance, thyroidal indexes, and plasma and urinary steroids, were the same in those with and those without hyperostosis frontalis interna. A review of published reports and of the findings in our patients does not provide clues as to the origin or the significance of such hyperphosphatasemia in patients with this curious bone lesion.
Comorbidity-Age Index: A Clinical Measure of Biologic Age Before Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Mohamed L. Sorror, Rainer F. Storb, Brenda M. Sandmaier, Richard T. Maziarz, Michael A. Pulsipher, Michael B. Maris, Smita Bhatia, Fabiana Ostronoff, H. Joachim Deeg, Karen L. Syrjala, Elihu Estey, David G. Maloney, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Paul J. Martin, Barry E. Storer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

Age has long been used as a major factor for assessing suitability for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The HCT-comorbidity index (HCT-CI) was developed as a measure of health status to predict mortality risk after HCT. Whether age, comorbidities, or both should guide decision making for HCT is unknown.Data from 3,033 consecutive recipients of HLA-matched grafts from five institutions contributed to this analysis. Patients were randomly divided into a training set to develop weights for age intervals and a validation set to assess the performance of prognostic models.In the training set, patients age 20 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 59 years, and ≥ 60 years had hazard ratios for nonrelapse mortality (NRM) of 1.21 (P = .29), 1.48 (P = .04), 1.75 (P = .004), and 1.84 (P = .005), respectively, compared with those age younger than 20 years. Consequently, age ≥ 40 years was assigned a weight of 1 to be added to the HCT-CI to constitute a composite comorbidity/age index. In the validation set, the composite comorbidity/age score had statistically significantly higher c-statistic estimates for prediction of NRM (0.664 v 0.556; P < .001) and survival (0.682 v 0.560; P < .001) compared with age, respectively. Patients with comorbidity/age scores of 0 to 2 had comparable mortality risks regardless of conditioning regimens. Patients with scores of 3 to 4 and ≥ 5 had statistically significant higher mortality risks after high-dose versus nonmyeloablative regimens.Age is a poor prognostic factor. The proposed composite measure allows integration of both comorbidities and age into clinical decision making and comparative-effectiveness research of HCT.
URETERAL CALCULUS ACCURATELY LOCATED BY THE X-RAYS AND REMOVED BY AN EXTRAPERITONEAL OPERATION.
Authors: W. W. KEEN
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Henry E. S., aged 10, of New Bloomfield, Pa., was admitted to the Jefferson Medical College Hospital Oct. 25, 1900, at the request of Dr. E. E. Moore. Neither his family nor personal history, other than as related below, have any bearing on the case. When he was 2 years old he had an attack of pain in which he passed bloody urine. Five years ago—at the age of 5—he had another attack of severe pain in the region of the left kidney. The pain extended downward into the scrotum and to the head of the penis. It was finally relieved by the application of heat and the use of morphin. Similar attacks have recurred at varying intervals, sometimes every three or four days, sometimes not for two months. During the winter of 1897-98, in several attacks he passed bloody urine and uric acid crystals. What he thinks was a
ANALYSIS OF NINETY-SIX OPERATIONS FOR THE RELIEF OF TUBERCULOSIS OF THE TESTICLE.
Authors: ORVILLE HORWITZ
Journal: JAMA (1902)

It is only within a recent period that the profession has begun to realize the fact that tuberculosis of the genito-urinary organs is a disease of very common occurrence; the infection by the tubercle bacillus taking rank next in point of frequency to the gonococcus. This has naturally resulted in attracting unusual attention, while the subject is being carefully studied by many of the most eminent men in the medical world; but, it is curious to note, after consulting the literature of the subject, what great diversities of opinion exist touching the most essential features of the disease as well as the best methods of treatment. During the past twelve years, as unusual facilities for observing and studying tuberculosis of the genito-urinary organs have fallen to the share of the writer, it has occurred to him that a brief account of his experience with one of the most common forms