tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immune complexes in synovial fluid and serum from patients with disseminated gonococcal infection: evidence for local immune complex formation within the joint.
Authors: W C Shiel, B S Andrews, G J Friou, F A Barada, E Scopelitis, D A Martin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

Twenty one patients with acute arthritis associated with disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) were studied. Synovial fluid (SF) from 14 and serum from 15 (matched in eight) were assayed for the presence of immune complexes (IC) by the Raji cell immunofluorescent assay (Raji IFA) and the 125I-Clq polyethylene glycol (PEG) binding assay. Higher levels and frequency of IC were detected in the SF by both IC assays and these were associated with a significant increase in complexes containing IgM over serum (p less than 0.02). Complexes containing IgG were found predominantly in serum and were infrequent in SF (p less than 0.003). These data suggest that the arthritis of DGI may result from primary immune complex formation within the synovial cavity after local antibody synthesis within the synovium in response to gonococcal seeding.
US campaign for women to take folic acid to prevent birth defects
Authors: J Hopkins-Tanne
Journal: BMJ (1994)

All 60 million American women of childbearing age are being advised to eat enough folic acid to prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly developing in their fetus if they become pregnant. They are being told to take a daily multivitamin pill containing 0.4 mg of folic acid or to increase their intake of foods that are rich in folate.

“We must make sure that all women …
Triazine herbicide exposure and breast cancer incidence: an ecologic study of Kentucky counties.
Authors: M K Kettles, S R Browning, T S Prince, S W Horstman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The incidence of breast cancer in the United States has steadily increased for the past three decades. Exposure to excess estrogen, in both natural and synthetic forms, has been implicated as a risk factor for the development of this disease. Considerable interest has been focused on organochlorines, such as the triazine herbicides, and their possible role in the initiation or promotion of human breast cancer. To explore this relationship, an ecologic study of Kentucky counties was designed. Exposure to triazines was estimated by use of water contamination data, corn crop production, and pesticide use data. A summary index of triazine herbicide exposure was developed to classify counties into low, medium, or high exposure levels. Data on county breast cancer rates were obtained from the state registry. A Poisson regression analysis was performed, controlling for age, race, age at first live birth, income, and level of education. Results revealed a statistically significant increase in breast cancer risk with medium and high levels of triazine exposure [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14,p<0.0001 and OR = 1.2, p<0.0001, respectively]. The results suggest a relationship between exposure to triazine herbicides and increased breast cancer risk, but conclusions concerning causality cannot be drawn, due to the limitations inherent in ecologic study design.
THE RENAL HUMORAL PRESSOR MECHANISM IN MAN. II. THE EFFECT OF TRANSITORY COMPLETE CONSTRICTION OF THE HUMAN RENAL ARTERY ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND ON THE CONCENTRATION OF RENIN, HYPERTENSINOGEN, AND HYPERTENSINASE OF RENAL ARTERIAL AND VENOUS BLOOD, WITH ANIMAL OBSERVATIONS 1
Authors: William C. Quinby, Lewis Dexter, John A. Sandmeyer, Florence W. Haynes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1945)
Effects of Coronary-Artery Bypass Grafting on Survival
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

IN 1977 the Journal published the results of the Veterans Administration randomized trial of coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG).1 In an accompanying editorial2 I stated: "This report confirms the widely held impression that CABG reduces the incidence and severity of angina, but finds no difference in the survival of almost 600 patients with chronic stable angina (excluding those with obstructive disease of the left main coronary artery) randomized into medically and surgically treated groups. . . ." Concern was also expressed about the steeply rising frequency with which the procedure was being performed (approximately 70,000 in 1977) and that despite the . . .
Intrapulmonary protein leakage in immunocompromised children and adults with pneumonia
Authors: F Ratjen, W Havers, J Braun
Journal: Thorax (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Pulmonary infections are associated with an increase in capillary permeability but information regarding age related differences in the local inflammatory response is lacking. To quantify the degree of capillary leakage during inflammation, the concentrations of the plasma proteins albumin, α<sub>1</sub>-antitrypsin, α<sub>2</sub>-macroglobulin and the locally produced proteins elastase, myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin and fibronectin were studied in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of immunosuppressed children and adults with pneumonia. <h3>METHODS</h3> Sixteen children aged 2–16 years and 15 adults who developed pneumonia while receiving immunosuppressive therapy for haematological malignancies were included in the study. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed via a flexible bronchoscope with three aliquots of 1 ml/kg body weight in children and 200 ml in adults. Protein concentrations in BAL fluid were determined using highly sensitive immunoluminometric assays. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Despite considerable variability, the median concentrations of all proteins in BAL fluid were significantly higher in both patient populations than in previously collected age adjusted reference values. The concentrations of serum derived proteins were significantly higher in children with pneumonia than in adult patients. In contrast, no differences were observed between the two groups for locally produced proteins. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> These data suggest that the degree of protein exudation is more pronounced in immunosuppressed children with pneumonia than in adults in a similar clinical situation. This is in agreement with our studies in healthy individuals and may reflect a greater permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane in children, regardless of disease status.
THE ANTAGONISM BETWEEN CITRIC ACID AND CANCROID CELLS.
Authors: C. M. FENN
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Though on the eve of another convocation, I venture to supplement the interesting discussion of malignant growths, held at the forty-fifth meeting of theAssociation, by calling attention to some original experiments inaugurated by the writer several years ago. The conclusions, with some additional cases, are now presented as a possible solution of the difficulties which so often militate against the radical extirpation of these and other neoplasms. None will dissent from the dictum of the Section that early interference is to be commended, but unfortunately the scalpel, so far as the patient is concerned, is a<i>dernier ressort</i>, and not until he has exhausted other methods does he appeal to the surgeon. It need not be remarked that from their inception, cancroid and other succulent tumors are environed by juices and cells, proliferations from the embryonic (?) germ which seem to await only the irritation of caustic or knife to
High viral load of human wart-associated papillomaviruses (PV) but not β-PV in cutaneous warts independent of immunosuppression
Authors: A. Köhler, T. Meyer, E. Stockfleth, I. Nindl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background A broad spectrum of human papillomaviruses (HPV) has been detected in warts from immunocompetent patients and a much more diverse range from immunosuppressed organ transplant recipients (OTR). Objectives To determine the HPV types in warts from OTR, we assessed present infections of mucosal (α‐PV), wart‐associated (α‐, μ‐ and ν‐PV) and cutaneous HPV types (β‐/γ‐PV) in immunocompetent patients and OTR. Patients/methods Forty‐one warts from 29 immunocompetent patients (non‐OTR) and 53 warts from 33 OTR were analysed for DNA of human α‐, β‐, γ‐, μ‐ and ν‐PV. For frequent types viral load was determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. Results Compared with non‐OTR prevalence of cutaneous HPV (79% vs. 49%, P <0·01) and the number of multiple infections (62% vs. 17%, P <0·0001) were significantly increased. The mean viral load of the wart‐associated HPV was more than 105‐fold higher compared with human β‐PV in both cohorts. Conclusions The high load of wart‐associated HPV suggests an active role of these viruses rather than cutaneous types in warts independent of immunosuppression; however, the substantial fraction of warts with low HPV genome copies remains to be explained.
FURTHER EXPERIMENTS IN TYPHUS FEVER
Authors: Hans Zinsser, M. Ruiz Castaneda
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

PRECISE INTERPRETATION OF OUR EXPERIMENTS SEEMS TO IMPOSE THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS: Guinea pigs inoculated with washed Rickettsiae from Mexican typhus fever develop a disease identical with that resulting from inoculations with whole tunica scrapings, blood or other virulent material, and become thereby immunized to European typhus fever. The etiological agent of Mexican typhus fever is the Rickettsia body of the type described by Mooser (5) in the tunica vaginalis of infected guinea pigs; and it is likely that the etiological agent of European typhus fever is an organism similar to this, but not identical with it in some of its minor biological characteristics.
Ventricular Tachycardia in Childhood Controlled with Large Doses of Procaine Amide
Authors: Edward A. Mortimer, Louis Rakita
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

VENTRICULAR tachycardia in childhood presents difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problems. The following case required extraordinary doses of procaine amide for control.Case ReportA 14-month-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of labored respirations and cardiomegaly noted elsewhere on x-ray study. He had been entirely well until 2 weeks previously, when rhinorrhea, dyspnea, cough, anorexia, intermittent vomiting and fever developed. One week later he was improved although rapid respirations continued, tachycardia was noted, and an x-ray examination was reported as showing cardiomegaly. Two days before admission swelling of the ankles was observed. During the 2 weeks before admission he . . .
Toward a Safer Cure for Low-Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children
Authors: Kimberly F. Whelan, Frederick D. Goldman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH SAME-DAY DISCHARGE AFTER ELECTIVE PLACEMENT OF A PRIMARY PREVENTION IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR AMONG OLDER PATIENTS
Authors: Paul L. Hess, Melissa Greiner, Sana Al-Khatib, Frederick Masoudi, Paul Varosy, Richard Fogel, Lesley Curtis, Adrian Hernandez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Confocal laser endomicroscopy in celiac disease: description of findings in two cases
Authors: A. Zambelli, V. Villanacci, E. Buscarini, G. Lupinacci, F. De Grazia, G. Brambilla, F. Menozzi, L. La Mantia, G. Bassotti
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Duodenal confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) was carried out in six patients to compare the findings with histology. The visibility and quality of the endomicroscopy images were quantified using the following score: 0 = none; 1 = poor; 2 = fair; 3 = good. Four patients had a normal duodenal mucosa, whereas two patients in whom CLE indicated villous atrophy showed histologic features typical of celiac disease. Histology and CLE images were similar in both normal and celiac disease patients; patients with celiac disease had an average score of 3 for epithelial architecture, 3 for goblet cells, 3 for vessels, 1 for inflammatory infiltrate, and 2 for crypt visibility.
Tackling Mercury Pollution
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cyclooxygenase-selective inhibition of prostanoid formation: transducing biochemical selectivity into clinical read-outs
Authors: C Patrono, P Patrignani, L A García Rodríguez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Table 1 Incidence rates of major events possibly prevented or caused by COX inhibitors, as assessed in observational studies among non-users Event Incidence rate per 1,000 patient-years Heart failure 2-4 Myocardial infarction 1-4 Upper GI bleeding/perforation 0.6-1.7 Colorectal cancer 0.4-0.7 Acute renal failure 0.02-0.08
P609Activation of the P2X4 receptor selectively reduces heart rate with preservation of the ventricular function by reversing of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) mode in the rat
Authors: B Braganca, S Nogueira-Marques, T Rodrigues, N Oliveira-Monteiro, AP Fontes-Sousa, P Correia-De-Sa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Adenine nucleotides control cardiovascular function via P2X and P2Y receptors activation. The P2X4 is the most expressed P2X receptor subtype in human atria. Up-regulation of P2X4 receptor (P2X4R)-mediated inotropism has been observed in animal models of heart failure. This receptor is considered a putative pharmacological target for ischemia/reperfusion. Despite the effects of the P2X4R on cardiovascular pathophysiology, no studies addressed its role on the atrial pacemaker activity. Methods: Experiments were performed on isolated spontaneously beating right atria and on 4 Hz-paced right ventricle strips from Wistar rats superfused with gassed Tyrode's solution. Isometric muscle tension was monitored with a PowerLab data acquisition system. Results: ATP (100 μM) and its non-hydrolysable analogue, ATPΓS (100 μM), caused rapid and sustained negative chronotropic effects on spontaneously beating right atria. The negative chronotropic effect of ATP was potentiated by inhibiting ecto-NTPDases with POM-1 (100 μM). The P2X4R antagonist, 5'-BDBD (10 μM), prevented the negative chronotropic effect of ATP. ATP (100 μM) produced a mild decrease in the magnitude of paced ventricular tension, which was further potentiated, rather than attenuated, in the presence of 5'-BDBD (10 μM). Inhibition of the reverse mode of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) with KB-R7943 (3 μM) mimicked the effects of the P2X4R antagonist, 5'-BDBD (10 μM), both on spontaneously beating right atria and paced right ventricle. Conclusions: Data suggest that P2X4R activation decreases the SA node rate while increasing the ventricular contractile force. The mechanism underlying these dual effects of ATP in the rat heart may involve bolstering of the NCX function in the reverse mode. Na+ influx via P2X4 might inhibit/revert the electrogenic forward mode of the NCX decreasing chronotropy. Likewise, intracellular Ca2+ accumulation due to inhibition and/or reversal of the NCX might explain the positive inotropic effect attributed to P2X4R activation on paced right ventricular strips Thus, targeting the P2X4R activation or its underlying NCX-based mechanism may create novel well-tolerated heart-rate lowering drugs with potential benefits in patients with deteriorated ventricular function.
Cytomegalovirus gastritis after treatment with rituximab
Authors: Y. Hasegawa, A. Goto, S. Nishimura, Y. Sukawa, K. Fujii, K. Suzuki, K. Yonezawa, T. Abe, Y. Shinomura, Y. Yoshida
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

We present a case of gastric ulcer with bleeding following chemotherapy with rituximab for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL).
Pancreatic Polypeptide Controls Energy Homeostasis via Npy6r Signaling in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in Mice
Authors: Ernie Yulyaningsih, Kim Loh, Shu Lin, Jackie Lau, Lei Zhang, Yanchuan Shi, Britt A. Berning, Ronaldo Enriquez, Frank Driessler, Laurence Macia, Ee Cheng Khor, Yue Qi, Paul Baldock, Amanda Sainsbury, Herbert Herzog
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)
Abstract P2-06-12: HER2 mRNA Expression Is Influenced by Estrogen Receptor Status and PI3K Mutational Status
Authors: KJ Bloom, P Choppa, A Kyshtoobayeva, T Barry, N. Goldstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Molecular profiling has suggested that ER+/HER2+ breast cancer is a distinct entity from ER-/HER2+ breast cancer and confers a worse prognosis in systemically untreated patients. It has recently been reported that genes associated with PI3K/AKT pathway activation predict pathologic complete response in patients receiving trastuzumab-chemotherapy in ER+/HER+ but not in ER-/HER2+ tumors. Past studies have indicated that 30-40% of breast cancers harbor a PI3K mutation, predominantly in exons 9 and 20. We analyzed 100 HER2+ breast cancers stratified by ER status to confirm the differing level of HER2 mRNA expression relative to ER status and to determine the association, in any, to the presence of a PI3K mutation. Methods: Fifty ER+ and 50 ER-breast cancers previously assessed as HER2+ (HER2:CEP-17 ratio ranging from 2.40-16.20, PathVysion Kit, Abbott) were pulled from the archives. ER was assessed by IHC, (6F11, NovaCastra) using a clinically validated method in accordance with the new CAP/ASCO guidelines. Molecular analysis was performed on paraffin embedded tissues. Tumor areas of interest were identified and selectively removed from the section. RNA and DNA were isolated from the collected tissue. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of the HER2 gene from the RNA fraction. The expression values were calculated as a ratio of HER2 to the reference gene. The DNA was added to an allele specific PCR to assess 7 of the most common mutations in exons 9 and 20 of the PI3K gene. All data was generated on an AB 7900 HT real-time platform. Results: Quantitative HER2 mRNA Results Discusssion: The level of HER2 mRNA expression differs significantly based on the expression of ER. This is further accentuated by the presence of a PI3K mutation, increasing the level of HER2 mRNA expression is ER-patients and decreasing the level of HER2 mRNA expression in ER+ patients. This observation needs to be further explored and may have profound implications, if as current data suggests, the subset of patients most responsive to trastuzumab therapy are the ER+, PI3K activated tumors. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-06-12.
Zoledronic Acid Potentiates mTOR Inhibition and Abolishes the Resistance of Osteosarcoma Cells to RAD001 (Everolimus): Pivotal Role of the Prenylation Process
Authors: Gatien Moriceau, Benjamin Ory, Laura Mitrofan, Chiara Riganti, Frédéric Blanchard, Régis Brion, Céline Charrier, Séverine Battaglia, Paul Pilet, Marc G. Denis, Leonard D. Shultz, Jukka Mönkkönen, Françoise Rédini, Dominique Heymann
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Despite recent improvements in therapeutic management of osteosarcoma, ongoing challenges in improving the response to chemotherapy warrants new strategies still needed to improve overall patient survival. In this study, we investigated in vivo the effects of RAD001 (Everolimus), a new orally available mTOR inhibitor, on the growth of human and mouse osteosarcoma cells either alone or in combination with zoledronate (ZOL), an anti-osteoporotic drug used to treat bone metastases. RAD001 inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner with no modification of cell-cycle distribution. Combination with ZOL augmented this inhibition of cell proliferation, decreasing PI3K/mTOR signaling compared with single treatments. Notably, in contrast to RAD001, ZOL downregulated isoprenylated membrane-bound Ras concomitantly with an increase of nonisoprenylated cytosolic Ras in sensitive and resistant osteosarcoma cell lines to both drugs. Moreover, ZOL and RAD001 synergized to decrease Ras isoprenylation and GTP-bound Ras levels. Further, the drug combination reduced tumor development in two murine models of osteoblastic or osteolytic osteosarcoma. We found that ZOL could reverse RAD001 resistance in osteosarcoma, limiting osteosarcoma cell growth in combination with RAD001. Our findings rationalize further study of the applications of mTOR and mevalonate pathway inhibitors that can limit protein prenylation pathways. Cancer Res; 70(24); 10329–39. ©2010 AACR.
Alcohol-induced Pain Associated with Adenocarcinoma of the Bronchus
Authors: J. Wanka
Journal: BMJ (1965)

BRITISHacting penicillin.It will be important to decide to what extent each of these drugs is benefiting the treated group.We know that the chloroquine is effective (Table II), and we know clinic- ally that whenever a patient has a positive slide for malaria it has either been preceded or followed by a fall of up to 2 g./100 ml. in the haemoglobin value.In the meantime we feel justified in advocating that children with sickle-cell anaemia should be seen regularly, possibly at special clinics, and treated routinely with antimalarial chemo- prophylaxis if they live in a malaria zone.For the present we reserve judgment on the place of long-acting penicillin. SUMMARYThe results of a long-term chemoprophylactic trial of chloroquine and long-acting penicillin in homozygous sickle- cell anaemia at the Mulago Hospital, Kampala, show that those patients under 6 years old followed for 10 months or more who received chloroquine and long-acting penicillin had a significantly (P<0.01)lower rate of dactylitis and higher average haemoglobin value (P<0.02)than patients in a control group receiving only a placebo.In addition, the therapy probably reduced the tendency for the haemoglobin to fall.It is recommended that children with sickle-cell anaemia in malarious zones should be treated with suitable chemoprophylactic doses of chloroquine and followed at special clinics, if possible, at least in the early years of life.The role of long-acting penicillin is not yet clear and studies are in progress to try to clarify this.