tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PIGMENTED MOLE OF THE SOLE OF THE FOOT RESULTING IN MELANOTIC SARCOMA
Authors: Arthur D. Kurtz
Journal: JAMA (1930)

This case is reported, not because of its rarity, but to draw attention again to a fatal ending of an apparently benign process.  REPORT OF CASE  Mrs. A. A., aged 54, white, a housewife, had always enjoyed good health. She weighed about 240 pounds (109 Kg.) and was 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm.) tall. She had never had any serious illness or been pregnant.  Sometime during the month of May, 1929, there developed on the sole of the left foot, about the middle of the arch, a small ulcer, which when first seen was about the size of a dime (18 mm. in diameter) and was surrounded by a pigmented border. It was treated once or twice by a chiropodist, who could not stop the spread of the ulcer; the patient was then referred to me. By this time the ulcer was about 1½ inches (38 mm.) in the
Inhibition of Experimental Cholesterol Arteriosclerosis by Ultraviolet Irradiation
Authors: Rudolf Altschul
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IT is generally agreed that ultraviolet irradiation of cholesterol alters the physicochemical nature of this substance, although it is not clear what kind of process is responsible. Stavely and Bergmann,1 and Mayneord and Roe2 believe that some ozonide is formed, because cholesterol irradiated without access of oxygen or without moisture does not blacken photographic emulsions, whereas it does so if irradiated with access of oxygen or if moisture is present. Roffo3 has maintained that, because of its oxidation after ultraviolet irradiation, cholesterol becomes carcinogenic. His assertion has not been confirmed by others.4 Conversely, his contention that carcinogenic substances are formed . . .
Indications for Cholangioscopy
Authors: C. L. Liguory, J. F. Lefebvre, D. Bonnel, F. Cornud, J. P. Etienne
Journal: Endoscopy (1989)

Cholangioscopy permits new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. It can be performed via the peroral route when anatomical conditions are suitable. This procedure was attempted in 6 cases (lithiasis in 5, malignant stenosis in 1): cholangioscopy proved possible in 4 cases, and lithotripsy was successful in 2 cases out of 3. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy was performed when peroral cholangioscopy was not possible (non-accessible papilla, hepatico-jejunostomy), or failed. In 17 patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones, unextractable by conventional procedures 14 underwent a cholangioscopy with electrohydraulic lithotripsy. Sixteen had complete clearance of the CBD. Cholangioscopy was attempted in 18 patients with intra-hepatic lithiasis. Lithotripsy was necessary in 10 cases and stenosis dilatation in 8. Results were excellent in 15 patients, and good in 3 with diffuse intra-hepatic lithiasis. In the case of lithiasis, the complication rate of the procedure was 29.5% and 27.7% for CBD and intrahepatic stones, respectively, and the mortality rate was 8.5% (n = 3). These complications (bleeding and cholangitis) are closely related to the percutaneous route. In malignant stenosis (n = 5), cholangioscopy was performed for diagnostic purposes in one case, extraction of a stent in one case and endobiliary laser treatment in 3 cases.
Submucosal xanthachromia after endoscopic mucosal resection: laparotomy or conservative therapy?
Authors: H. Nakamura, K.-I Fu, D. P. Hurlstone, Y. Kaji, T. Fujimori
Journal: Gut (2007)

A screening colonoscopy was performed on an asymptomatic 68-year-old woman. A diminutive 1 mm diameter Paris-type 0-IIc neoplastic lesion was diagnosed in the ascending colon (fig 1A). Further characterisation using high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy and 0.05% crystal violet intravital staining revealed a Kudo-type IIIs crypt architecture in the depressed component, which suggested that this lesion was limited to the mucosal layer. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was considered to be the most appropriate firstline endoluminal treatment in this case to confirm histologically the absence of neoplastic disease beyond 1000 μm in the vertical margin, where data from both Japan and Europe have shown that despite diminutive endoluminal appearances, such …
Two forgotten pioneers. James Carson and George Bodington.
Authors: R Y Keers
Journal: Thorax (1980)

James Carson, a Scot, graduated from Edinburgh in 1799. He settled in Liverpool where he became a successful and respected physician and where he also found time to pursue a longstanding interest in physiology and to conduct certain important experiments. He read a series of papers on these experiments and their import before the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool of which the two most important were On the elasticity of the lungs and On lesions of the lungs. In the first he clarified the mechanics of respiration while in the second he suggested that this knowledge might be employed to produce temporary collapse of the lung as a therapeutic measure. Two attempts at a clinical trial were defeated by widespread pleural adhesions but the first recorded attempts at artificial pneumothorax had been made. George Bodington, a Warwickshire man, after serving a surgical apprenticeship studied at St Bartholomew9s Hospital and obtained the licence of the Society of Apothecaries in 1825. He later practised near Sutton Coldfield where he was known as an acute observer and a thoughtful and fluent speaker. In 1840 he published an essay on the treatment and cure of pulmonary consumption in which he roundly condemned the current therapy and advocated instead fresh air in abundance, gentle exercise in the open, an adequate and varied diet, and a minimum of medicaments. Violently attacked by the reviewers he became discouraged about tuberculosis and devoted the remainder of his professional life to the care of the mentally ill.
Operative Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy
Authors: D Alderson
Journal: Gut (1997)

Book reviews, Notes it may have more limited appeal for the more experienced gastroenterologist.The second half of volume two is also unusual, being devoted to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures including endoscopy, imaging, mucosal biopsy, microbiology, and motility studies.Once again of particular appeal to the younger postgraduate.Sandwiched between these sections on basic mechanisms, symptoms, and diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are some 60 chapters devoted to diseases as they are mani- fest sequentially along the gastrointestinal tract.These contributions are all a pleasure to read and are uniformly well presented and illustrated.The presentations of a consistently high quality and the apparently seamless links from one chapter to the next provide remark- able continuity -a major editorial achievement.
A Case of Ulcerative Endocarditis, with Recovery
Authors: H. E. Whitehead, H. W. Syers
Journal: BMJ (1901)

ULCERATIVE ENDO2ABRDITIS. [I ,LL ment, which did not involve manual labour, with intervals of rest until the early part of.I892, when he caught a violent cold and cough, which was followed by shooting pains in the neck and left arm, and a rapid bulging of the aneurysm at the site of the episternal notch.Since his discharge he had had no medical treatment.He was admitted again in May of that year, the tumour being then of the size of a tangerine orange.The pupils and pulses were equal on the two sides, and the vocal cords wanting in tension, though not paralysed.The temperature became elevated, and the patient dyspnoeic and dysphagic, so that his condition was regarded as " im- minently serious."The iodide treatment was resumed, with the result that the pressure symptoms gradually became less marked, and in three weeks the man was able to take solid food.The prominence at the episternal notch decreased, and after two months rest in bed the patient was allowed up, and a little later discharged.He continued under the care of Dr. T. T. Whipham until February, I895, when he had an attack of pleurisy and pneumonia, and was laid up in the hospital for a period of six months.From this time the aneurysm became markedly worse.In February, I897, he returned, having been at work on and off, and was admitted under Dr. Isambard Owen with an in- crease in the size of the tumour especially on the right, where it projected for 21 inches from the normal level of the chest wall.After five months rest he was again discharged im- proved, and continued at work till the beginning of I899.In August of that year a swelling as large as a hen's egg appeared in the course of a week on the left of the original tumour.The skin became discoloured, but the protuberance disap- peared as rapidly as it came, leaving two leaking areas.In the following month he was again taken in, the prominence on the right being then Il inch high, while from the other side there oozed a thin watery discharge.There was still no bruit to be heard over the aneurysm, and there were no pressure symptoms beyond slight stridor and a brassy cough.The discharge soon ceased and the patient was sent home after a month.He was admitted for the last time in February, 1901, the aneurysm having increased during the previous Year to the size of a man's closed fist, and presenting three lateral pro-
Two hundred and thirty years before Beveridge
Authors: W. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In the sloth-like progress that characterises medical history, few visionaries have lived to see their dreams reach fruition. Reformer Beatrice Webb died a tragic five years before the creation of the National Health Service she outlined in 1909. But that was nothing to John Bellers, the Quaker philanthropist who advocated a state funded health service more than two centuries before Britain’s Labour government took the hint.

A wealthy London cloth merchant, Bellers (1654-1725) never shrank from grand schemes that helped those worse off. In 1695 he proposed a “Colledge of Industry” to provide training and employment for the poor in a self sufficient community that would later inspire …
Stress Fractures of the Thoracic Spine Transverse Processes in a Water Skier
Authors: MAURICE GOODEAR, COLIN B. STYLES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 17-year-old state water-skiing champion reported a 6-week history of a painful upper to mid-thoracic spine. The pain was exacerbated by training and competing, which were becoming more frequent. Investigations included plain radiographs, the results of which were normal. The bone scan revealed increased uptake in the region of the transverse processes in the upper and mid-thoracic spine. The stress fracture was thought to be due to the traction forces through the arms, ribs, and associated musculature endured while water skiing. The transverse process allows attachment of the lateral costotransverse ligaments, interspinous ligaments, levator costae, and the erector spinal muscles.
The Voyage of Life: Youth
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Activists call for Libya to end attacks on health facilities and to let medical supplies in
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Forces under the command of Muammar Gaddafi have carried out appalling assaults on sick and wounded people and on health professionals and have prevented urgently needed medical supplies from entering the country, say Libyan doctors and international health campaigners.

At a London press conference on 9 March organised by Libyan activists in the United Kingdom, Ahmed Sewehli of Libyan Doctors’ Relief asked the BMA for assistance and called on the UK government “to urgently dispatch humanitarian aid and medical supplies to the border areas.” 

Dr Sewehli, a psychiatrist in Manchester whose father and brothers recently disappeared after speaking out against the regime from inside Libya, told the BMJ that Libya’s hospitals were …
Midwifery: Teams and Caseloads
Authors: A Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Caroline Flint Butterworth-Heienemann, £12.95, pp 194 ISBN 0-7506-0987-7

Pregnancy is an experience that changes a woman physically, emotionally, and socially and brings a mixture of feelings: uncertainty, excitement, anticipation, fear, and loss of control over her body. So it is hardly surprising that most women feel vulnerable when pregnant and need the support not only of their partner, family, and friends but of professionals whom they know and trust.

The present organisation of maternity services makes it possible for a woman to come into contact with upwards of 30 different professionals during the course of one pregnancy, delivery, and puerperium. Possession of a co-op card does little to obviate the problem of conflicting opinions and advice, resulting in confusion. …
Endometriosis and the gut.
Authors: N J Parr, C Murphy, S Holt, H Zakhour, R B Crosbie
Journal: Gut (1988)

Six patients with endometriosis involving the intestine are described and illustrate the variety of symptoms which may occur in this condition, many of which are frequently associated with the more common gastrointestinal illnesses. A correct preoperative diagnosis based on history, clinical examination, radiology, and endoscopy may be difficult to make, and when first discovered at laparotomy endometriosis can easily be mistaken for other inflammatory, or neoplastic processes. A histological diagnosis should always be made before definitive treatment.
Expansion of human SCID-repopulating cells under hypoxic conditions
Authors: Guénahel H. Danet, Yi Pan, Jennifer L. Luongo, Dominique A. Bonnet, M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

It has been proposed that bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are distributed along an oxygen (O2) gradient, where stem cells reside in the most hypoxic areas and proliferating progenitors are found in O2-rich areas. However, the effects of hypoxia on human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been characterized. Our objective was to evaluate the functional and molecular responses of human BM progenitors and stem cells to hypoxic conditions. BM lineage–negative (Lin–) CD34+CD38– cells were cultured in serum-free medium under 1.5% O2 (hypoxia) or 20% O2 (normoxia) for 4 days. Using limiting dilution analysis, we demonstrate that the absolute number of SCID-repopulating cells (SRCs) increased by 5.8-fold in hypoxic cultures compared with normoxia, and by 4.2-fold compared with freshly isolated Lin–CD34+CD38– cells. The observed increase in BM-repopulating activity was associated with a preferential expansion of Lin–CD34+CD38– cells. We also demonstrate that, in response to hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein was stabilized, surface expression of angiogenic receptors was upregulated, and VEGF secretion increased in BM Lin–CD34+ cultures. The use of low O2 levels to enhance the survival and/or self-renewal of human BM HSCs in vitro represents an important advance and could have valuable clinical implications.
Temporary Remission in Acute Leukemia After an Attack of "Acute Appendicitis"
Authors: Morton Einhorn
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE OCCURRENCE of abdominal pain simulating acute appendicitis during the course of acute leukemia has been mentioned in the literature only occasionally.<sup>1,2</sup>An intensive search has revealed no previously reported case of a remission in acute leukemia occurring during the course of an apparent or actual appendicitis. This case is of interest, not only because of the concomitant "appendicitis," but also because it is another illustration of the often reported phenomenon that following a severe infection in a case of acute leukemia a spontaneous remission may occur. (The appendicitis is placed in quotes because this patient was not operated on, and the diagnosis was not established on the basis of a pathologic specimen.) <h3>Report of A Case</h3> A 12-year-old white girl entered the Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, on Jan. 23, 1960. She had apparently been in good health until 6 weeks prior to admission, at which time she developed
Intestinal absorption of magnesium from food and supplements.
Authors: K D Fine, C A Santa Ana, J L Porter, J S Fordtran
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The purpose of this study was to measure magnesium absorption over the wide range of intakes to which the intestine may be exposed from food and/or magnesium-containing medications. Net magnesium absorption was measured in normal subjects after they ingested a standard meal supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mEq of magnesium acetate. Although absorption increased with each increment in intake, fractional magnesium absorption fell progressively (from 65% at the lowest to 11% at the highest intake) so that absorption as a function of intake was curvilinear. This absorption-intake relationship was almost perfectly represented by an equation containing a hyperbolic function plus a linear function. Our results are statistically compatible with a magnesium absorption process that simultaneously uses a mechanism that reaches an absorptive maximum, plus a mechanism that endlessly absorbs a defined fraction (7%) of ingested magnesium. Compared to previous studies of calcium absorption, much less magnesium that calcium was absorbed at intakes above 8 mEq/meal, apparently due to greater restriction of intestinal permeability to magnesium. We also found that magnesium from a high magnesium-containing food source, almonds, was just as bioavailable as from soluble magnesium acetate. In contrast, magnesium absorption from commercially available enteric-coated magnesium chloride was much less than from magnesium acetate, suggesting that enteric coating can impair magnesium bioavailability.
TH17 cells contribute to uveitis and scleritis and are expanded by IL-2 and inhibited by IL-27/STAT1
Authors: Ahjoku Amadi-Obi, Cheng-Rong Yu, Xuebin Liu, Rashid M Mahdi, Grace Levy Clarke, Robert B Nussenblatt, Igal Gery, Yun Sang Lee, Charles E Egwuagu
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
999 HUMAN MONOCYTE SUBSETS ACCUMULATE INTRAHEPATICALLY IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND DIFFERENTIALLY INTERACT WITH HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS
Authors: H.W. Zimmermann, S. Seidler, J. Nattermann, N. Gassler, C. Hellerbrand, R. Weiskirchen, C. Trautwein, F. Tacke
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Heightened airway responsiveness in normal female children compared with adults.
Authors: R S Tepper, J Stevens, H Eigen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Studies have suggested that airway responsiveness declines with maturation; however, studies comparing infants, children, and adults are confounded by differences in size as well as maturation. Therefore, to determine whether maturation has a significant affect on airway responsiveness, we compared normal female children (n = 9; mean age = 13.6 yr) and adults (n = 7; mean age = 42.4 yr) who were matched for body size. Bronchial challenge tests were performed with increasing methacholine concentrations to a maximum of 30 mg/ml. At baseline, there were no significant differences between the two groups in lung volumes (TGV, RV, TLC) or flow-volume curves (FEV1, average forced expiratory flow rate between 25% and 75% of the vital capacity [FEF25-75], FVC). All subjects but one adolescent completed the challenge (30 mg/ml). The children had a greater percentage decline from baseline in FEV1 than the adults (17 versus 7%, p < 0.03). The percentage decline in FEF25-75 was greater for the children than for the adults, but the difference was not statistically significant (35 versus 20%, p < 0.10). Compared with the children, the adults more often demonstrated a plateau in their dose-response curves for FEV1 (22 versus 86%) and for FEF25-75 (33 versus 100%). We conclude that normal female children have a greater airway responsiveness to inhaled methacholine than do adults, and that this difference is not related to baseline lung size, airway caliber, or delivered methacholine dose.
Monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RQ-RT-PCR) in childhood acute myeloid leukemia with AML1/ETO rearrangement
Authors: S Viehmann, A Teigler-Schlegel, J Bruch, C Langebrake, D Reinhardt, J Harbott
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Representation of Whole-time Consultants
Authors: M. K. Astin, K. Ball, J. Barclay, M. Charlesworth, R. S. Cormack, G. W. Csonka, D. A. W. Edwards, D. Gooding, G. H. Hulands, C. Jansz, W. T. Jones, L. Kreel, M. M. Liberman, D. Lovell, I. R. McFadyen, C. G. McKenzie, M. W. McNicol, D. A. McSwiggan, J. R. Mikhail, D. L. Miller, J. J. Misiewicz, D. N. Mitchell, B. B. Porter, E. M. Ross, H. Shawdon, B. Savin, G. Slavin, P. Snow, C. E. D. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1975)

If one contract is to be the rule for all consultants in all parts of Britain, then it must be generally and freely agreed as the best obtainable.At a meeting of consultants in this city on 8 January 73 voted to retain the present form of w,holeor part-time contract, provided it is suitably priced, and five voted for a fixed-time 10-session type of contract.If this feeling is widespread in Scotland (or, maybe, over the United Kingdom as a whole) serious consideration must be given by our negotiators to this body of opinion.The time has come to stand back and re-examine the wisdom of this headlong rush for a fixed-time contract.When the full implications of any fixed-time contract have been critically examined then many, even of those initially in favour of such oDntracts,
A histological study of hepatitis delta virus liver disease
Authors: Giorgio Verme, Pietro Amoroso, Gennaro Lettieri, Paola Pierri, Ezio David, Fausto Sessa, Roberto Rizzi, Ferruccio Bonino, Serafino Recchia, Mario Rizzetto
Journal: Hepatology (1986)

The histopathology of hepatitis delta virus disease was studied in carriers of HBsAg with chronic hepatitis delta antigen-positive hepatitis and in serial biopsies of patients with acute hepatitis delta virus hepatitis that progressed to chronicity. There was no histologic feature distinctive of hepatitis delta virus from other types of viral hepatitis. Biopsy specimens of patients with chronic disease exhibited portal and periportal inflammation with piecemeal necrosis, conforming to a picture of aggressive hepatitis often accompanied by cirrhosis. Characteristic was a marked intralobular infiltration by mononuclear cells and a degenerative eosinophilic change of the hepatocytic cytoplasms conducive to the formation of acidophilic bodies. Liver specimens from patients with hepatitis delta virus hepatitis exhibited aspects of focal, confluent and bridging necrosis. The disease progressed to chronicity irrespective of the original histological features. The expression of intrahepatic hepatitis delta antigen was reduced in the phase of the acute hepatitis but increased in parallel with the development of chronic active liver disease. In late-stage cirrhosis, expression of hepatitis delta antigen was usually low.