tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acetylation, deacetylation and acyltransfer
Authors: Charles M. King, Irene B. Glowinski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

N-Substituted aromatic compounds can be metabolized in most species to N-acetylated derivatives that are themselves subject to further enzymatic transformations, including hydrolysis and N,O-acyltransfer. These proceses can either potentiate or ameliorate the biological responses to these N-substituted derivatives. Decreasing the levels of metabolites, such as arylhydroxylamines may, in some systems, reduce the probability of eliciting adverse biological effects. In others, arylhydroxamic acids produced by the acetylation of arylhydroxylamines may increase their potential for metabolic activation by N,O-acyltransfer. In the rabbit, rat and perhaps other species, the acetyl CoA-dependent N-acetyltransferase is also capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids by N-O-acyltransfer. These cytosolic organotriphosphate ester-resistant enzymes can utilize arylhydroxamic acid as a donor of the acetyl moiety in the acetyl transferase reaction and apparently are capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids because of their ability to O-acetylate the arylhydroxlamine. In mice, N-acetyltransferase and N,O-acetyltransferase seem not to exhibit this relationship. Enzymes from the microsomes of a number of species are also capable of activating arylhydroxamic acids. The particulate-bound enzymes are organotriphosphate ester-sensitive deacylases that are unable to form nucleic acid adducts on incubation with N-methoxy-N-acetylaminoarenes, substrates that are not capable of activation by N,O-acyltransfer. Thus, depending on the specificity of the enzymes involved, N-substituted aromatic compounds may be activated by N,O-acyltransfer during both the acetylation and deacylation process. The influence of this activation in the carcinogenic process is the object of continuing investigation.
An adjuvant autologous therapeutic vaccine (HSPPC-96; vitespen) versus observation alone for patients at high risk of recurrence after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase III trial
Authors: Christopher Wood, Pramod Srivastava, Ronald Bukowski, Louis Lacombe, Andrei I Gorelov, Sergei Gorelov, Peter Mulders, Henryk Zielinski, Axel Hoos, Florentina Teofilovici, Leah Isakov, Robert Flanigan, Robert Figlin, Renu Gupta, Bernard Escudier
Journal: The Lancet (2008)
Medical Management of Home Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: LUCIUS F. WRIGHT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Increased emphasis on home hemodialysis because of proposed changes in federal funding will result in dispersion of dialysis patients to areas geographically removed from a dialysis unit. Thus primary care of these patients will increasingly become the responsibility of physicians having little previous contact with dialysis. We review the diagnosis and treatment of common problems in the dialysis patient with emphasis on the major problem areas of vascular access and the cardiovascular, hematologic, and osseous complications of renal failure.
High levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor superfamily receptors in patients with hepatitis C virus infection and lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Stefano Realdon, Patrizia Pontisso, Fausto Adami, Livio Trentin, Franco Noventa, Alessia Ferrari, Irene Migliorato, Angelo Gatta, Alfredo Alberti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Predictors and sequalae of subacute thrombosis after percutaneous intervention in acute myocardial infarction: The CADILLAC trial
Authors: Eve D. Aymong, Cindy L. Grines, David A. Cox, Eulogia Garcia, James E. Tcheng, John J. Griffin, Giulio Guagliumi, Thomas D. Stuckey, Mark Turco, John D. Carroll, Barry D. Rutherford, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
A memorable patient: Swimming the water of life
Authors: S. Suri
Journal: BMJ (2002)

At the age of 35, I started swimming lessons to be able to accompany my children into the pool. I met Alfred at my first lesson. He looked about 70 then. I watched him walk slowly and painstakingly with his tripod. As I stood at the steps of the pool behind him, he nodded and said, “After you, doctor.”

“Oh. Have we met before?” I asked. Alfred introduced himself. He had been a patient on our stroke ward more than four years back. He had had a severe stroke and had to be ventilated for a few weeks. He had made …
Comprehensive geriatric assessment for older adults
Authors: A. E. Stuck, S. Iliffe
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Should be standard practice, according to a wealth of evidence

Care of older people differs from care of middle aged adults. Older people often have more complex multisystem problems, are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality, and need comprehensive interventions that take into account the biopsychosocial components of health. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is an approach developed for this purpose. It is a process that determines an older person’s medical, psychosocial, functional, and environmental resources and problems, and it creates an overall plan for treatment and follow-up.1 It encompasses linkage of medical and social care around medical diagnoses and decision making under the leadership of a doctor trained in geriatric medicine.

Older people admitted to hospital as emergencies are at especially high risk. In the linked systematic review (doi: 10.1136/bmj.d6553), Ellis and colleagues performed a meta-analysis of the comprehensive geriatric assessment of elderly people admitted to hospital.2 They found that patients in hospital who received such an assessment were significantly less likely to die or experience functional deterioration. As …
Myofibroblast-derived PDGF-BB promotes hedgehog survival signaling in cholangiocarcinoma cells
Authors: Christian D. Fingas, Steven F. Bronk, Nathan W. Werneburg, Justin L. Mott, Maria E. Guicciardi, Sophie C. Cazanave, Joachim C. Mertens, Alphonse E. Sirica, Gregory J. Gores
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells paradoxically express the death ligand, tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and, therefore, are dependent upon potent survival signals to circumvent TRAIL cytotoxicity. CCAs are also highly desmoplastic cancers with a tumor microenvironment rich in myofibroblasts (MFBs). Herein, we examine a role for MFB-derived CCA survival signals. We employed human KMCH-1, KMBC, HuCCT-1, TFK-1, and Mz-ChA-1 CCA cells, as well as human primary hepatic stellate and myofibroblastic LX-2 cells, for these studies. In vivo experiments were conducted using a syngeneic rat orthotopic CCA model. Coculturing CCA cells with myofibroblastic human primary hepatic stellate cells or LX-2 cells significantly decreased TRAIL-induced apoptosis in CCA cells, a cytoprotective effect abrogated by neutralizing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB antiserum. Cytoprotection by PDGF-BB was dependent upon Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, because it was abolished by the smoothened (SMO; the transducer of Hh signaling) inhibitor, cyclopamine. PDGF-BB induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate–dependent protein kinase–dependent trafficking of SMO to the plasma membrane, resulting in glioma-associated oncogene (GLI)2 nuclear translocation and activation of a consensus GLI reporter gene-based luciferase assay. A genome-wide messenger RNA expression analysis identified 67 target genes to be commonly up- (50 genes) or down-regulated (17 genes) by both Sonic hedgehog and PDGF-BB in a cyclopamine-dependent manner in CCA cells. Finally, in a rodent CCA in vivo model, cyclopamine administration increased apoptosis in CCA cells, resulting in tumor suppression. Conclusions: MFB-derived PDGF-BB protects CCA cells from TRAIL cytotoxicity by a Hh-signaling–dependent process. These results have therapeutical implications for the treatment of human CCA. (Hepatology 2011;)
The Electrocardiogram during Exercise as Recorded by Radioelectrocardiography: Comparison with the Post-exercise Electrocardiogram (Master Two-step Test).
Authors: S. Bellet
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962The Electrocardiogram during Exercise as Recorded by Radioelectrocardiography: Comparison with the Post-exercise Electrocardiogram (Master Two-step Test).S. Bellet, M.D., F.A.C.P., S. Deliyiannis, M.D., M. Eliakim, M.D., E. Figallo, M.D.S. Bellet, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, S. Deliyiannis, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. Eliakim, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. Figallo, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-665_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHitherto, the evaluation of the effects of exercise on the electrocardiogram has been limited chiefly to observations during the immediate post-exercise period. A new radio-electrocardiograph system, permitting recording close to the patient or at a distance of several hundred feet, was employed in this study. This system made possible the recording of electrocardiograms during various types of exercise, without interference and with a stable baseline. The electrocardiogram during and after the Master two-step test was examined for 200 normal subjects and 1000 patients with various types of myocardial abnormality. These included patients with hypertension, coronary insufficiency, and other cardiovascular disorders.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: S. Bellet, M.D., F.A.C.P.; S. Deliyiannis, M.D.; M. Eliakim, M.D.; E. Figallo, M.D.Affiliations: Philadelphia, Pa. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 665-665KeywordsCardiovascular therapyElectrocardiographyExerciseHypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Closure of Private Beds in N.H.S. Hospitals
Authors: R. W. Meikle, J. A. Rhind, L. C. Bell, F. D. Johnston, A. M. Fraser, J. Tyrrell, K. M. Hunt, A. Bell-Tawse, J. D. Pickup, C. S. Livingstone, G. Bird, R. Fletcher, C. Robertson, G. J. A. Brown, K. Aggarwal
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Reward for Effort SIR,-Permit me to draw attention to two advertisements in the B.M
Remarks on Psoriasis
Authors: A. S. Myrtle
Journal: BMJ (1873)

spoken to.On the morning of April 7th, seeing the temperature at 105, her pulse 120, and respirations 48, I determined to commence quinine in large doses.A glance at table No. 4 will show the progress of the case.The quinine was administered day and night perseveringly, in ten-and fifteen-grain doses.On the night of the gth and part of the ioth, also on the night of the 12th and part of the i3th, it was omitted, producing on these occasions vomiting and great straining.The usual dose was ten grains every four hours, occasionally every third hour.She had no other medicine throughout her illness.The quinine was administered with spirit of chloroform and aromatic sulphuric acid.She was taken into the convalescent ward on April 26th, and was ultimately discharged cured.She was liberally supported throughout with brandy mixture and claret.
Glucagon: Molecular Physiology, Clinical and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Henry T. Ricketts
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The running head on each page of this volume is Glucagon: Molecular Physiology. Thus, one is led to expect a preponderance of basic science ponderosity, and one is not disappointed (or is one?). Scattered through these erudite and somewhat difficult chapters, however, are promising allusions to what comes elsewhere in full form—physiology and medicine. Although this results in a good deal of duplication, these little bridges to correlative understanding will be welcomed by the less sophisticated. Most of the 27 authors have written well and their style is remarkably consistent. Simple, informative illustrations and references to the literature abound.  Not all glucagon is pancreatic glucagon. Confusion has arisen with the finding of a similar substance in the intestine with somewhat different immunoreactivity and physiologic effects. Despite one rather long and important chapter on gut glucagon and references to it in other places, the chief concern of the discourse is with
DEATH AND DISTINCTION
Authors: Orde Poynton
Journal: JAMA (1953)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> It is well known that, during the first half of the present century, there was a marked increase in the expectation of life for both sexes. The purpose of this letter is to suggest that those members of the medical profession, who belong to that branch of the profession that has played the greatest part in this achievement, have not themselves shared in the achievement and why this is so. Advantage has been taken of the obituary notices inThe Journalin which the cause of death is stated in a high proportion. From the beginning of 1950, two series of extracts have been prepared, one containing those persons selected for distinction in as far as they were placed first in the lists without regard to alphabetical order and one containing those whose notice failed to occupy the whole of three lines. That such a method of
EXCISION OF THE MEMBRANA TYMPA-NI, THE MALLEUS AND INCUS, AS A MEANS OF TREATMENT IN OTITIS MEDIA CATARRHALIS CHRONICA, AND IN OTITIS MEDIA PURULENTA CHRONICA.Read in the Section of Laryngology and Otology, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: CHARLES H. BURNETT
Journal: JAMA (1891)

That which is offered in this paper is somewhat of the nature of a report on the progress of auralsurgery in a very important direction. Although not a new operation, the operation of excision of the membrana tympani and the two larger ossicula, as performed in this country, in thorough organization and elaboration, is new, and entirely due to the labors of Dr. Samuel Sexton, of New York. Excepting Dr. Sexton, Dr. Colles in New York, and myself in Philadelphia, are the only ones in this country who have performed the operation and published accounts of its performance. The indications for the operation are: 1. The deafness, tinnitus and vertigo of otitis media catarrhalis chronica, especially when adhesions exist between the membrana tympani and the promontory, or there is evidence of synechiae between the ossicles. 2. The suppuration, deafness, tinnitus, vertigo, headache and recurring earache of otitis media purulenta chronica.
HTLV-III: should testing ever be routine?
Authors: G R Kinghorn
Journal: BMJ (1986)

priority is to re-establish circulation.Achievement of that objective will often render respiratory attention unnecessary.The best chance of defibrillating the heart and restoring cardiac output is within the first minute.Two or three praecordial thumps are well worth a try while the defibrillator is being prepared (or if none is available), but the potentially life (and brain) saving direct current shock should not be otherwise delayed, particularly by slavish ad- herence to the simplistic ABC routine.In practice the priorities are usually self evident and their management not mutually exclusive.
Left Heart Volume and Mass Quantification in Children with Left Ventricular Pressure Overload
Authors: THOMAS P. GRAHAM, BARNETT W. LEWIS, M. M. JARMAKANI, RAMON V. CANENT, M. PAUL CAPP
Journal: Circulation (1970)

This investigation was designed to quantify left ventricular and left atrial volume, volume change, systolic output, and ventricular mass in 31 patients with isolated left ventricular pressure overload secondary to aortic stenosis (AS, n = 14) or coarctation of the aorta (n = 17). These parameters were compared with normal standards and with data from a group of nine patients with a combined pressure and volume overload due to aortic stenosis plus aortic or mitral insufficiency (AS + AI or MI). Volumes were calculated from biplane cineangiocardiograms exposed at 60 frames/sec. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was significantly lower than normal in patients with AS (57 ± 11 cc/m 2 ), but was normal (73 ± 12 cc/m 2 ) in patients with coarctation. An increase in the ejection fraction (LVEF) was found in both groups averaging 0.73 ± 0.12 in AS patients and 0.69 ± 0.09 in coarctation patients. Patients with AS + aortic or mitral insufficiency (AI or MI) showed elevated LVEDV (103 ± 29 cc/m 2 ), but had a normal ejection fraction. The LV mass was significantly increased in all groups: normal, 82 ± 10 g/m 2 ; AS, 126 ± 41 g/m 2 ; coarctation, 130 ± 44 g/m 2 ; and AS + AI or MI, 168 ± 42 g/m 2 . The left ventricular systolic index and left atrial maximal volume were both normal in patients with pure pressure overload but were significantly increased in patients with combined pressure and volume overload. The low LVEDV in patients with AS as well as the normal volume in patients with coarctation occurred in the presence of elevated LV end-diastolic pressure and indicates a decrease in LV diastolic distensibility in patients responding to an isolated LV pressure overload by significant muscular hypertrophy without dilatation.
Resolution of Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy after Radiotherapy in the Absence of Lung Tumor Response
Authors: RICHARD J. CAMPEAU, OSCAR R. ROSALES, OLGA M. GARCIA, OLGA A. CORREA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Bone scintigraphy revealed a pattern consistent with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in a 59 year-old male with severe diffuse long bone and joint pain. CT, followed by biopsy, confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma. Shortly after instituting radiotherapy to the primary lung tumor, painful osteoarthropathy and abnormal bone scan findings cleared completely despite rapid increase in size of the tumor. The findings in this case suggest that radiotherapy directed at the primary tumor can reverse bone scan abnormalities and alleviate painful symptoms of osteoarthropathy even when no primary tumor response occurs.
Prevention of Second Primary Tumors by an Acyclic Retinoid in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yasutoshi Muto, Hisataka Moriwaki, Akiko Saito
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Chemoprevention can prevent second primary cancers in patients with cancer,1 but the effect of secondary cancer prevention on absolute survival has not been established. In 1996 we r...
Study quantifies dangers of renal disease after heart attack
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Even mild renal disease, as measured by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), is a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction.

Although renal failure has been associated with one of the highest risks in determining outcome after a heart attack, until now the influence of milder degrees of renal impairment was less well defined ( New England Journal of Medicine 2004;351:1285-91).

In the current study, researchers from the valsartan in acute myocardial infarction trial (VALIANT) led by Dr Nagesh Anavekar of the cardiovascular division at Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, identified 14 527 …
Cancer Pain Workshop Develops Recommendations
Authors: Julie A. Steele
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Cancer Pain Workshop Develops Recommendations Get access Julie A. Steele Julie A. Steele Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 20, 17 October 1990, Pages 1611–1612, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.20.1611 Published: 17 October 1990
895 PEDIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY FOR CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (CHB) ACROSS THE WORLD
Authors: M. Jonas, J. Mizerski, D. Kelly, M. Pawlowska, T. Wozniakowska-Gesicka, G. Mieli-Vergani, M.-H. Chang, P. Jara, H. Zhang, A. Constantinescu, V. Uchaikin, A. Uddin, C. Avila, A. Trylesinski
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Localization of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Lung Tissues of Patients with Fibroproliferative Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Peter M. Krein, Peter J. B. Sabatini, William Tinmouth, Francis H. Y. Green, Brent W. Winston
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is elevated in human fibrotic lung diseases and in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis, implicating IGF-I in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung disease. We questioned whether IGF-I protein levels were enhanced in fibroproliferative acute respiratory distress syndrome (FP-ARDS). Serial lung tissue sections from a biopsy database were immunohistochemically stained for IGF-I, IGF-I receptor, CD68, alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagens I and III, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Our results show enhanced staining of IGF-I and IGF-I receptor, collagens I and III, smooth muscle actin, CD68, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in FP-ARDS compared with control lung sections. In FP-ARDS specimens, prominent staining of IGF-I and IGF-I receptor was seen in alveolar and interstitial macrophages as well as in a variety of mesenchymal cells. There was a correlation between IGF-I staining and CD68-positive cells, suggesting macrophages as a potential source of the IGF-I protein present in lungs. IGF-I also correlated with enhanced collagen I, collagen III, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactivity, suggesting that IGF-I may play a role in the extracellular matrix protein deposition and cellular proliferation seen in the lungs of individuals with FP-ARDS. Our results indicate that IGF-I is increased in FP-ARDS and may be an important mediator in the progression of acute lung injury to FP-ARDS.
Night workload in one health district.
Authors: P J Hobday
Journal: BMJ (1984)

The night work (11 pm-7 am) in primary care in one health district (population 195 212 with 93 general practitioners) was studied over a three month period, starting 1 January 1983. The workload proved to be small (15% of all "out of hours" work for general practitioners). An average of three night visits was done a night in the whole health district, and 26 general practitioners were available for these. On average, over seven doctors were available each night for each patient who required a visit in primary care in the health district. It is concluded that there is only sufficient work for (at maximum) two doctors, and a system is proposed to make more efficient use of the general practitioner's time.