tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3116: Patterns of genomic loss of heterozygosity predict homologous recombination repair defects in ovarian cancer
Authors: Kirsten M. Timms, Victor Abkevich, Bryan T. Hennessy, Jennifer Potter, Mark S. Carey, Larissa A. Meyer, Russell Broaddus, Karen H. Lu, Srikanth Jammulapati, Lisa FitzGerald, Thomas C. Krivak, Julie A. DeLoia, Alexander Gutin, Gordon B. Mills, Jerry Lanchbury
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: BRCA1 and BRCA2 are key members of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Mutations in these genes and other HR pathway defects have potential therapeutic relevance when used to support agents that introduce or exploit double-strand DNA breaks. This study examines the association between HR deficiency and genomic patterns of loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Methods: Ovarian tumors from two independent datasets were characterized for germline and somatic defects in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Whole genome LOH profiles were generated using Affymetrix SNP arrays. Publically available data was downloaded from the TCGA website for a third independent ovarian cancer dataset. RAD51C promoter methylation was assayed in two of the datasets. Comprehensive profiling of BRCA1 and BRCA2 defects, and genome wide LOH was also performed on approximately 70 breast, ovarian, colon and pancreatic cell lines. Results: Examination of the pattern of LOH within ovarian tumors with BRCA1, BRCA2, or RAD51C defects compared to tumors without defects in these genes has resulted in the development of a homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score that has highly significant association with HRD (p=9*10-11). An intermediate class of LOH sizes (&amp;gt;15 Mb but less than a whole chromosome) is highly positive correlated with defective HR, suggesting this class of LOH exists due to double strand DNA break formation and requires repair by HR. The HRD score was validated in two independent ovarian cancer datasets (p=2*10-7 and 9*10-29), and successfully identified breast and pancreatic cell lines with BRCA defects, suggesting it will be effective across multiple tumor types. Conclusions: BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers have improved outcomes following treatment with DNA damaging agents such as platinum salts, and preclinical studies have demonstrated PARP inhibitor efficacy in BRCA1 or BRCA2 deficient cells. HR deficiency in ovarian cancer is not solely due to germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, and HR deficiency is not unique to ovarian tumors. Each type of cancer is likely to have a unique spectrum of genetic variants resulting in HRD. The HRD score appears capable of detecting HRD regardless of etiology or mechanism. This score could have clinical utility in breast and ovarian cancer, and could be used to target the use of PARP inhibitors and platinum salts in other cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3116. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3116
F-18 FDG Uptake Associated With Elastofibroma Dorsi
Authors: Andrew Patrikeos, William Breidahl, Peter Robins
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A patient with a history of colon carcinoma and computed tomography (CT) evidence suggestive of a liver metastasis underwent an F-18 FDG PET scan. The PET scan confirmed a metastasis in the left lobe of the liver. The study also demonstrated bilateral symmetric uptake involving the inferior subscapular regions. Correlation with the previous CT showed this to correspond to bilateral elastofibroma dorsi, which had been prospectively reported on the CT. Elastofibroma dorsi is a rare benign mass consisting of fibroelastic tissue and fat. It has been previously described on PET, CT, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). On CT, the masses are of soft tissue density, similar to adjacent musculature, and may contain linear areas of low density secondary to fat. On MRI, elastofibroma dorsi has been shown to have variable enhancement, which may reflect increased vascularity of the lesion. In this case, the masses demonstrated low-grade diffuse F-18 FDG uptake.
MicroRNA signatures in B-cell lymphomas
Authors: L Di Lisio, M Sánchez-Beato, G Gómez-López, M E Rodríguez, S Montes-Moreno, M Mollejo, J Menárguez, M A Martínez, F J Alves, D G Pisano, M A Piris, N Martínez
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Accurate lymphoma diagnosis, prognosis and therapy still require additional markers. We explore the potential relevance of microRNA (miRNA) expression in a large series that included all major B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) types. The data generated were also used to identify miRNAs differentially expressed in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples. A series of 147 NHL samples and 15 controls were hybridized on a human miRNA one-color platform containing probes for 470 human miRNAs. Each lymphoma type was compared against the entire set of NHLs. BL was also directly compared with DLBCL, and 43 preselected miRNAs were analyzed in a new series of routinely processed samples of 28 BLs and 43 DLBCLs using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A signature of 128 miRNAs enabled the characterization of lymphoma neoplasms, reflecting the lymphoma type, cell of origin and/or discrete oncogene alterations. Comparative analysis of BL and DLBCL yielded 19 differentially expressed miRNAs, which were confirmed in a second confirmation series of 71 paraffin-embedded samples. The set of differentially expressed miRNAs found here expands the range of potential diagnostic markers for lymphoma diagnosis, especially when differential diagnosis of BL and DLBCL is required.
The Specific α-Neurexin Interactor Calsyntenin-3 Promotes Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapse Development
Authors: Katherine L. Pettem, Daisaku Yokomaku, Lin Luo, Michael W. Linhoff, Tuhina Prasad, Steven A. Connor, Tabrez J. Siddiqui, Hiroshi Kawabe, Fang Chen, Ling Zhang, Gabby Rudenko, Yu Tian Wang, Nils Brose, Ann Marie Craig
Journal: Neuron (2013)
Potassium Chloride and Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Calin G. Antonescu
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 November 1989Potassium Chloride and Gastric Outlet ObstructionCalin G. Antonescu, MD, A. Sidney Barritt III, MDCalin G. Antonescu, MDSearch for more papers by this author, A. Sidney Barritt III, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-10-855 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Several studies have shown that potassium chloride is capable of producing mucosal lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract. We report the case of a patient who, in the depths of depression, ingested an overdose of potassium chloride. He developed gastric outlet obstruction as a late complication. A 27-year-old man attempted suicide by ingesting 50 tablets of potassium chloride, 14 tablets of doxylamine, and 4 tablets of acetaminophen. At admission to the emergency room 1 hour after ingestion, his physical examination was normal. Laboratory data showed hyperkalemia, but all other studies, including the electrocardiogram, were normal. During his...References1. Lewis J. Gastrointestinal injury due to medicinal agents. Am J Gastroenterol. 1986;81:819-32. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. McMahonRyanAkdamar GJK. Upper gastrointestinal lesions after potassium chloride supplements: a controlled trial. Lancet. 1982;2:1059-60. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PattesonJeffries DG. Spectrum of mucosal injury from oral potassium chloride supplements in normal volunteers. Gastroenterology. 1983;84:1271. Google Scholar4. MooreAlsopFreston JWJ. The effect of oral potassium chloride on upper gastrointestinal mucosa in healthy subjects: healing of lesions despite continuing treatment. Gastrointest Endosc. 1986;32:210-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. WardHamidDow CSJ. Gastric complication of massive slow K overdose. Br J Surg. 1987;74:490. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Salem, VA 24153 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Adverse Drug Reaction in the Gastrointestinal Tract: An OverviewThe radiology of drug-induced disorders in the gastrointestinal tract 15 November 1989Volume 111, Issue 10Page: 855-856KeywordsElectrocardiographyEmergency departmentGastrointestinal tractIngestionLesionsPotassium chlorideResearch laboratoriesSuicide Issue Published: 15 November 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Radiation enhancement of laser palliation for malignant dysphagia: a pilot study.
Authors: I R Sargeant, L A Loizou, J S Tobias, G Blackman, S Thorpe, S G Bown
Journal: Gut (1992)

Laser therapy offers rapid relief of dysphagia for patients with cancers of the oesophagus and gastric cardia but repeat treatments are required approximately every five weeks to maintain good swallowing. To try to prolong the treatment interval, 22 elderly patients were given additional external beam radiotherapy. Nine had squamous cell carcinoma and 13 adenocarcinoma: five had documented metastases. Six received 40 Gy and 16,30 Gy in 10-20 fractions. A 9check9 endoscopy was performed three weeks after external beam radiotherapy. Dysphagia was graded from 0-4 (0 = normal; 4 = dysphagia for liquids). The median dysphagia grade improved from 3 to 1 after laser treatment. This improvement was maintained in the 30 Gy group but there was a noticeable deterioration in three of those who had received the higher radiation dose. A lifelong dysphagia grade of 2 or better was enjoyed by 14 of 16 patients in the 30 Gy group but only two of six in the 40 Gy group. The dysphagia controlled interval was 9 weeks (median) after check endoscopy and subsequent endoscopic procedures were required every 13 weeks to maintain good swallowing. There were no endoscopy related complications. Combined treatment is a promising approach for reducing the frequency of endoscopic treatments. The 30 Gy dose seems more appropriate and may prolong survival. A randomised study to test these conclusions is in progress.
Elimination of exercise-induced regional myocardial dysfunction by a bradycardiac agent in dogs with chronic coronary stenosis.
Authors: B D Guth, G Heusch, R Seitelberger, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We have previously demonstrated that the beneficial effect of cardioselective beta-blockade on exercise-induced ischemia is due entirely to negative chronotropism. Therefore we studied the effect of a new bradycardiac agent (UL-FS 49) in 10 dogs with chronic coronary artery stenosis produced by an ameroid constrictor. Regional myocardial function (sonomicrometers, wall thickness) and blood flow (microspheres) were measured during a control treadmill exercise bout and an identical run 3 hr later after the administration of UL-FS 49 (1.0 mg/kg iv). In the control run, heart rate increased from 114 +/- 20 to 230 +/- 19 beats/min and systolic wall thickening (%WT) in the poststenotic myocardium decreased from 23.3 +/- 5.2% at rest to 9.3 +/- 5.0%, a 60% reduction. Subendocardial blood flow in the ischemic area decreased from 1.04 +/- 0.30 to 0.55 +/- 0.40 ml/min/g, blood flow per beat decreased from 9.1 X 10(-3) to 2.5 X 10(-3) ml/g, and mean transmural flow failed to increase (1.06 +/- 0.30 vs 1.08 +/- 0.39 ml/min/g). During exercise with UL-FS 49, heart rate increased from 89 +/- 10 to only 139 +/- 10 beats/min. End-diastolic left ventricular pressure was increased compared with that during the control run (35.7 +/- 3.0 vs 28.9 +/- 5.5 mm Hg) but left ventricular peak systolic pressure and dP/dt were unchanged. %WT in the ischemic zone did not change significantly during exercise with UL-FS 49 (23.3 +/- 7.9% at rest, 21.5 +/- 8.4% during the run), and in the nonischemic zone it increased to the same extent as during the control run.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
MYCxing It Up with FGFR1 in Squamous Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: William Lockwood, Katerina Politi
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract Summary: Recurrent amplification of 8p12 is observed in squamous cell lung cancer, and FGFR1 is thought to be the main oncogenic driver in this region. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Malchers and colleagues perform a detailed characterization of 8p12 in squamous cell lung cancer and find remarkable genomic heterogeneity in this region, raising the possibility that other genes in addition to FGFR1 may play a role in squamous cell lung cancer. Mechanistic studies of the FGFR1-amplified subset of squamous cell lung cancer reveal potential roles for fibroblast growth factor (FGF) ligands and MYC expression levels in modulating the response of these tumors to FGF receptor inhibition. Cancer Discov; 4(2); 152–4. ©2014 AACR. See related article by Malchers et al., p. 246
1207 HETEROLOGOUS T CELLS CAN HELP RESTORE FUNCTION IN DYSFUNCTIONAL HEPATITIS C VIRUS SPECIFIC T CELLS DURING THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION
Authors: L. Frelin, G. Ahlén, A. Chen, E.D. Brenndörfer, A. Braß, F. Holmström, M. Chen, J. Söderholm, D.R. Milich, M. Sällberg
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Environmentalist accused of scientific dishonesty
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A leading international environmentalist, Professor Bjcrn Lomborg, has been found guilty of scientific dishonesty by the Danish government committees that investigate scientific fraud and misconduct.

But the ruling has sparked a furore, with questions raised about the basis on which the decision has been reached, and has forced the Danish Research Agency to issue a disclaimer about its intentions.

This week the Danish parliament will debate whether the country's national …
Editorial: Open heart surgery in the community hospital
Authors: R. J. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Elsewhere in this issue (p 154), A. H. Khazei and his associates report on the feasibility of open heart surgery in the community hospital. Their concise article describes an effective program with excellent clinical results. Regional and community development of special facilities, such as those required for the conduct of open heart surgery, are important if highly technical modes of therapy are to be made available within reasonable geographic proximity to the serviced population. The development of such facilities in the community hospital requires, first, recognition of a need for such services based on community size. Duplication of similar facilities by multiple hospitals within the community, yet beyond the requirements of the serviced population, can only serve to dilute the programs and personnel involved, and magnify total costs in space, equipment, and training. Avoidance of such duplication can be achieved only if cooperative regional or community planning precludes such development.
A "Minor" Injury of the Terminal Phalanx
Authors: F. I. Powell
Journal: BMJ (1949)

globinuria almost disappeared, and the kidneys were normal to the naked eye and on section.The entry point of the infection is discussed.Further investigation of myanesin in the treatment of tetanus seems to be warranted.We wish to acknowledge the courtesy and promiptitude with which a large consignment of myanesin was dispatched to us by British Drug Houses, Ltd., in response to the urgent action of Mr. Foggan, the chief pharmacist.
Perspectives on Comparing Risks of Environmental Carcinogens
Authors: F. Perera, P. Boffetta
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

In 1987, investigators (Ames et al.) concluded that the risks of man-made industrial carcinogens and pesticides (outside of the workplace) are trivial compared with the risks of naturally occurring carcinogens found mostly in the diet. They used a ranking system based on human exposure and rodent potency (HERP) data to arrive at this conclusion. As a result, they recommend that regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration, base their priorities in this area on their HERP system. We analyzed the assumptions and data set upon which the HERPs were based, concluding that such a simplified approach to set public health policy is inappropriate given the underlying uncertainties. However, we note that when comparisons are consistently based on estimates of average daily exposure to common carcinogens, the HERP scores of many man-made pollutants are comparable to those of naturally occurring carcinogens in the diet.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients Receiving Enoxaparin or Unfractionated Heparin After Fibrinolytic Therapy for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the ExTRACT-TIMI 25 Trial
Authors: C. Michael Gibson, Sabina A. Murphy, Gilles Montalescot, David A. Morrow, Diego Ardissino, Marc Cohen, Dietrich C. Gulba, Oscar H. Kracoff, Basil S. Lewis, Nathan Roguin, Elliott M. Antman, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Handbook of Ocular Therapeutics and Pharmacology
Authors: Arnall Patz
Journal: JAMA (1974)

In the fourth edition, the authors have continued the useful style developed in their earlier publications on this topic. Several new therapeutic agents and newly reported side reactions to both local and systemic medications are discussed. Pediatric dosage tables have been greatly expanded. The division of the book into two sections, ocular therapeutics for specific disorders of the eye and adnexa, and specific pharmacology of therapeutic agents, is quite helpful. These latter therapeutic agents are alphabetically listed in the text, providing convenient and rapid referencing to locate the drug under consideration. The tables covering the principles of specific therapy and the therapeutic agents are well planned and provide a good overview of the topic. A few minor suggestions are made for the section on diseases of the retina. For example, in the discussion of central serous retinopathy (central serous detachment of the sensory retina, central serous choroidopathy), the authors refer
THE PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH IN BOARDING SCHOOLS
Authors: HAVEN EMERSON
Journal: JAMA (1923)

While I was responsible for the protection of the health of the student body (5,421) at Cornell University at Ithaca, N. Y., during the college year 1919-1920, these observations were made:  Of the total number of days of student time possible for the entire student body, 1.6 per cent, of days were lost during the college year on account of sickness. The loss by the women students was 2.4 per cent, of their possible total days, the loss by the men being 1.5 per cent. Of the total cases of sickness recorded, numbering 8,329, 52 per cent, were due to sicknesses which fall properly within the designation of preventable diseases; that is, acute respiratory infections, acute infectious diseases, infections and communicable diseases of the skin, and disturbances due to errors of diet or in the use of foods. Of the total cases of sickness, 21 per cent, were due to
Book: A Mind of its Own: A Cultural History of the Penis
Authors: B. Twisselmann
Journal: BMJ (2002)

David M Friedman Robert Hale, £20, pp 368 ISBN 0 7090 7110 8 ——————— Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Those after a good snigger may find themselves somewhat disappointed with this tome—it is not a lighthearted Christmas stocking filler. Friedman delivers an academic study of the penis, remaining intellectually serious and deadpan throughout (give or take the occasional double entendre). The only sense of “nudge, nudge, wink, wink” is to be found in the chapter headings—“The Demon Rod,” “The Gear Shift,” “The Measuring Stick,” “The Cigar,” “The Battering Ram,” and “The Punctureproof Balloon”—but even these turn out to be serious and academic in intent. A Mind of its Own is educational and entertaining by virtue of an amazing amount of information gathered from a … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Splenic infarction after cyanoacrylate injection for fundal varices
Authors: J. Kim, H. Chun, J. Hyun, B. Keum, Y. Seo, Y. Kim, Y. Jeen, H. Lee, S. Um, C. Kim, H. Ryu
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 43-year-old man with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B infection, who had undergone regular endoscopic variceal therapy for fundal varices, was admitted for secondary prophylaxis. The laboratory findings were unremarkable apart from a low platelet count (34 × 103/µL) and prolonged prothrombin time (17.7 s, international normalized ratio [INR] 1.46, 59 %). Endoscopic examination revealed small esophageal varices and large fundal varices with the red color sign. Two injections of 2 mL of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl; B. Braun, Tuttlingen, Germany) diluted with Lipiodol (Guerbet, Aulnay Sous Bois, France) were administered into the fundal varices. The patient had undergone multiple sessions of endoscopic injection therapy in the past with no occurrence of complications. However, 2 days after the last endoscopic cyanoacrylate therapy, he developed abdominal pain and fever, and his white blood cell (WBC) count rose to 14 × 103/µL. Abdominal computed tomographic (CT) angiography revealed remnants of cyanoacrylate in the splenic vein with nonenhancing splenic parenchyma, suggestive of cyanoacrylate-induced splenic infarction ([Fig. 1]).
98.6°F-Reply
Authors: Steven S. Wasserman
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate the interest in our work evinced in these and many other letters received since the publication of our manuscript in<i>JAMA</i>on the normal oral temperature.<sup>1</sup>Like Ms Weiger, we believe that the value of our work, if any, is that it "provides a good starting point for a renewed interest in the study of body temperature." Although our sample size might have been larger, as suggested by Mr Shaw, and although we might have taken a greater number of measurements per day on each subject, as urged by Dr Edelsberg, we believe that our study design was adequate to prove the three major conclusions of the investigation: That 37.0°C (98.6°F), and for that matter 36.8°C (98.2°F), while within the range of normal for oral temperatures of healthy adults, should not be viewed as the normal temperature. That the "normal" oral temperature is, in fact,
The Misinformation Era: The Fall of the Medical Record
Authors: John F. Burnum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Medical record information has become less reliable than ever before despite the electronic information revolution in medical care and the authority medical records have been accorded in our society. Long flawed by errors introduced by medical personnel, patients, and machines, medical records have had a further decline in credibility as a result of the loss of confidentiality and the imposition of well-meaning but unrealistic cost-control regulations on medical practice. Medical records are being distorted and fashioned to keep clinically important but sensitive personal information about patients from public view. To comply with standards of care and a reimbursement system blind to biologic diversity, medical records are being forced to address only the technical side of care. Until these deficiencies are corrected, our increasing dependence on medical records should be balanced by increasing skepticism about the value of the information they contain.