tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tandem and cryptic amino acid repeats accumulate in disordered regions of proteins
Authors: Michelle Simon, John M Hancock
Journal: Genome biology (2009)

Amino acid repeats (AARs) are common features of protein sequences. They often evolve rapidly and are involved in a number of human diseases. They also show significant associations with particular Gene Ontology (GO) functional categories, particularly transcription, suggesting they play some role in protein function. It has been suggested recently that AARs play a significant role in the evolution of intrinsically unstructured regions (IURs) of proteins. We investigate the relationship between AAR frequency and evolution and their localization within proteins based on a set of 5,815 orthologous proteins from four mammalian (human, chimpanzee, mouse and rat) and a bird (chicken) genome. We consider two classes of AAR (tandem repeats and cryptic repeats: regions of proteins containing overrepresentations of short amino acid repeats).Mammals show very similar repeat frequencies but chicken shows lower frequencies of many of the cryptic repeats common in mammals. Regions flanking tandem AARs evolve more rapidly than the rest of the protein containing the repeat and this phenomenon is more pronounced for non-conserved repeats than for conserved ones. GO associations are similar to those previously described for the mammals, but chicken cryptic repeats show fewer significant associations. Comparing the overlaps of AARs with IURs and protein domains showed that up to 96% of some AAR types are associated preferentially with IURs. However, no more than 15% of IURs contained an AAR.Their location within IURs explains many of the evolutionary properties of AARs. Further study is needed on the types of IURs containing AARs.
SERUM BIOMARKERS CORRELATE WITH LOWER CARDIAC INDEX IN THE FONTAN POPULATION
Authors: Bradley S. Marino, David Goldberg, Adam L. Dorfman, Heidi Kalkwarf, Babette Zemel, Margaret Smith, Jesse Pratt, Eileen King, Mark Fogel, Amanda J. Shillingford, Barbara Deal, Anitha S. John, Caren Goldberg, Timothy Hoffman, Marshall Jacobs, Asher Lisec, Susan Finan, Lazaros Kochilas, Tom Pawlowski, Kathleen Campbell, Clinton Joiner, Stuart Goldstein, Paul Stephens, Alvin Chin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography in Staging Early Prostate Cancer
Authors: Matthew D. Rifkin, Elias A. Zerhouni, Constantine A. Gatsonis, Leslie E. Quint, David M. Paushter, Jonathan I. Epstein, Ulrike Hamper, Patrick C. Walsh, Barbara J. McNeil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

In 1987, a cooperative study group consisting of five institutions was formed to determine the relative benefits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endorectal (transrectal) ultrasonography in evaluating patients with clinically localized prostate cancer (stage Ta or Tb).
Bosutinib safety and management of toxicity in leukemia patients with resistance or intolerance to imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes, Dong-Wook Kim, H. Jean Khoury, Tim H. Brümmendorf, Kimmo Porkka, Giovanni Martinelli, Simon Durrant, Eric Leip, Virginia Kelly, Kathleen Turnbull, Nadine Besson, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
Journal: Blood (2013)
Correction: Increment for Concentration of 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol
Authors: DonaldS. Young
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 February 1989Correction: Increment for Concentration of 25-HydroxycholecalciferolDonaldS. Young, MD, PhDDonaldS. Young, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-4-328_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In Appendix Table 2 of my article on SI units, the suggested minimum increment of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25 OH-cholecalciferol) should be 5 nmol/L, not 5 mmol/L....Reference1. Young D. Implementation of SI units for clinical laboratory data: style specifications and conversion tables. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:114-29. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1989Volume 110, Issue 4Page: 328-328KeywordsAttention Issue Published: 15 February 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Repression and dreaming: An open empirical question
Authors: Michael Schredl
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

From the perspective of modern dream research, Freud's hypotheses regarding repression and dreaming are difficult to evaluate. Several studies indicate that it is possible to study these topics empirically, but it needs a lot more empirical evidence, at least in the area of dream research, before arriving at a unified theory of repression.
Censorship of the Patient-Physician Relationship
Authors: Lindsey Murtagh, Matthew Miller
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sequential Radionuclide Procedures in Upper Abdominal Evaluation of a Postoperative Patient
Authors: Franklin Earnest IV, Heinz W. Wahner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

The use of sequential radionuclide procedures is demonstrated in the evaluation of a postoperative patient with suspected intra-abdominal infection. A sulfurcolloid liver scan and orally administered 99mTc-sodium pertechnetate were used to supplement a gallium scan in the delineation of a left upper quadrant mass that proved to be a hematoma.
Peg3 imprinted gene on proximal chromosome 7 encodes for a zinc finger protein
Authors: Y Kuroiwa, T Kaneko-Ishino, F Kagitani, T Kohda, L L Li, M Tada, R Suzuki, M Yokoyama, T Shiroishi, S Wakana, S C Barton, F Ishino, M A Surani
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Thyroglossal Duct Carcinoma-Reply
Authors: Parakrama Chandrasoma
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I agree with Dr Blum and colleagues that a cystic lesion in the front of the neck may on occasion be a cystic thyroid carcinoma. This is a primary tumor that has its origin in ectopic thyroid follicles occurring in the line of the thyroglossal duct.<sup>1</sup>Such ectopic thyroid tissue may occur with or without an associated thyroglossal cyst.<sup>2</sup> It is important to distinguish lesions of the thyroglossal duct epithelium from those related to ectopic thyroid tissue. The former, from which thyroglossal cysts arise, usually differentiates into pharyngeal-type epithelia. Although theoretically possible, I have not seen reference to thyroid acinar cells lining a thyroglossal cyst. While it has been reported, the occurrence of squamous carcinoma arising from thyroglossal duct epithelium has not been demonstrated convincingly.<sup>1</sup> Ectopic thyroid tissue in the line of the thyroglossal duct may rarely undergo malignant change.<sup>1,2</sup>Such tumors are solid,
Where's the evidence for NHS health checks?
Authors: M. McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about The BMJ.NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address. Username * Your Email * Send To * You are going to email the following Where's the evidence for NHS health checks? Your Personal Message CAPTCHA This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Mentally ill offenders are being wrongly held in prisons
Authors: Paul Stephenson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The government must act to ensure that courts divert mentally ill offenders away from custodial sentences or into appropriate hospital or other treatment facilities, to cope with the mental health crisis in prisons, ministers were told this week.

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Credit: SPECIAL PHOTOGRAPHERS/PHOTONICA

The call came at a conference in London on the mental health problems of male prisoners, held by the Prison Reform Trust and mental health charity Mind and addressed by the prisons minister, Paul Goggins, and the chief inspector of prisons, Ann Owers.

The conference heard how …

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<i>TBX6</i>Null Variants and a Common Hypomorphic Allele in Congenital Scoliosis
Authors: N Wu, X Ming, J Xiao, Z Wu, X Chen, M Shinawi, Y Shen, G Yu, J Liu, H Xie, Z S Gucev, S Liu, N Yang, H Al-Kateb, J Chen, J Zhang, N Hauser, T Zhang, V Tasic, P Liu, X Su, X Pan, C Liu, L Wang, J Shen, J Shen, Y Chen, T Zhang, J Zhang, K W Choy, J Wang, Q Wang, S Li, W Zhou, J Guo, Y Wang, C Zhang, Hong Zhao, Yu An, Yu Zhao, J Wang, Z Liu, Y Zuo, Y Tian, X Weng, V R Sutton, H Wang, Y Ming, S Kulkarni, T P Zhong, P F Giampietro, S L Dunwoodie, S W Cheung, X Zhang, L Jin, J R Lupski, G Qiu, F Zhang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Congenital scoliosis is a common type of vertebral malformation. Genetic susceptibility has been implicated in congenital scoliosis.
Progression-Free Survival Remains Debatable Endpoint in Cancer Trials
Authors: R. Tuma
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2009)

I n recent years the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved cancer therapies on the basis of improved progression-free survival (PFS), including several drugs for the treatment of metastatic kidney cancer. Clinicians who treat kidney cancer patients are convinced that the agency made the right move, and some even contend that overall survival (OS) is no longer a useful endpoint in this disease setting. However, despite some support for the use of PFS in one disease setting, its value as a standard endpoint for clinical trials remains a point of debate in oncology as a whole. Some experts argue that OS is the only time-toevent endpoint that shows true benefi t to patients, whereas others think that PFS should be accepted as long as the trials are carried out according to rigorous standards. To hash out some of those issues, academic and industry statisticians gathered Oct. 7 – 9 for the ProgressionFree Survival Oncology Workshop in Bethesda, cosponsored by the Drug Information Association, the FDA, the National Cancer Institute, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). Richard Pazdur, M.D. , director of the FDA Offi ce of Oncology Drug Products and the keynote speaker at the meeting, acknowledges that PFS requires a more nuanced risk – benefi t analysis than OS does, but he says that sometimes PFS is an appropriate endpoint for registration trials. “A lot of it has to do with magnitude, magnitude, magnitude,” he said in an interview. “Just demonstrating a statistically signifi cant difference in PFS is not enough. It has to be clinically meaningful.” And he made it clear that even as the agency considers more approvals that are based on PFS, it won’t abandon OS altogether. “We are always still interested in looking at OS and will look at it because OS is not just an effi cacy endpoint but also a safety endpoint.”
PLEURAL REFLEX ASSOCIATED WITH FRACTURE OF THE TWELFTH RIB
Authors: G. M. Wauchope
Journal: BMJ (1925)

A pair of larger rabbits was infected by the subcutaneous instead of by the parenteral route.Both were decidedly out of sorts in seventeen days.Treatment was commenced on the twenty-sixth day.The first bad already begun to decline seriously eight days before, owing to the infection having been intentionally accelerated by massage of the infected glands.Tuberculin of human origin was administered to both animals, but the first died thirty-five days after infection, without having made the slightest sign of rallving.The second rabbit of this pair was seriously ill within sixteen days of infection, and treatment was commenced ten days later, and continued to the fifty-sixth day after the original infection.Only seven doses of tuberculin were given altogether.This animal increased in weight long after treatment was stopped, for nearly five and a half months.Eventually it was seized with nasal catarrh and signs of pneumonia.Nasal catarrh had never been observed in
New GP network will integrate conventional and complementary medicine
Authors: Kathryn Godfrey
Journal: BMJ (2005)

More complementary medicine should be available on the NHS, Peter Hain, the secretary of state for Wales and Northern Ireland, told a conference last week.

Mr Hain was speaking at the launch of GP Associates, a group of GPs interested in bringing together conventional and complementary medicine. The group is being formed by the Prince of Wales's Foundation for Integrated Health.

Mr Hain said that he regularly used complementary medicine and had become a “true convert” after his son's eczema had been improved …
Diuretics and Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: David S. Buck
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 August 1996Diuretics and Sudden Cardiac DeathDavid S. Buck, MD, MPHDavid S. Buck, MD, MPHFox Memorial Hospital, Oneonta, NY 13820Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent article, Hoes and colleagues [1] found that although overall mortality decreased, the rate of sudden death increased among patients receiving β-blockers. It would be instructive to divide the β-blocker group and determine the attributable risk for each of the β1 selective and the nonselective β-blocker groups. In a recent editorial, Brown [2] discusses the argument for using nonselective β-blockade in patients without diabetes. He asserts that the population of β2 receptors in the heart can contribute equally to arrhythmias (compared with β1 receptors), which can result in sudden death before a patient reaches the ...References1. Hoes AW, Grobbee DE, Lubsen J, Veld AJ, van der Does E, Hofman A. Diuretics, β-blockers, and the risk for sudden cardiac death in hypertensive patients. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:481-7. Google Scholar2. Brown MJ. To β block or better block? [Editorial]. BMJ. 1995; 311:701-2. Google Scholar3. Hall JA, Kaumann AJ, Brown MJ. Selective β 1-adrenoceptor blockade enhances positive inotropic responses to endogenous catecholamines mediated through β 2-adrenoceptors in human atrial myocardium. Circ Res. 1990; 66:1610-23. Google Scholar4. Hall JA, Petch MC, Brown MJ. In vivo demonstration of cardiac β 2-adrenoceptor sensitisation by β 1-antagonist treatment. Circ Res. 1991; 69:959-64. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Fox Memorial Hospital, Oneonta, NY 13820 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1996Volume 125, Issue 4Page: 347KeywordsArrhythmiaDeath ratesDiureticsDrugsEpinephrineHeartMortalitySudden cardiac death Issue Published: 15 August 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 4904: Activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase is essential for growth of mesenchymal glioma stem cells.
Authors: Ping Mao, Kaushal Joshi, Jian feng Li, Jakub Godlewski, Xiao kui Mo, Shi yuan Chen, Robert W. Sobol, Ichiro Nakano
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Emerging evidence has indicated glioma stem cells(GSCs) could be subclassified into two major entities termed as as proneural(PN) GSCs and mesenchymal(MES) GSCs according to their mutually-exclusive gene expression pattern. In this study, we characterize 20 patient-derived GSCs into PN GSCs and MES GSCs based on the unbiased analysis with transcriptome microarray and microRNA profiles. Signaling pathway analysis identified the upregulation of various tumor metabolic pathways in MES GSCs. In particular, the glycolytic pathway containing several aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) genes was significantly enriched in MES GSCs. ALDH activity was elevated in MES GSCs, but not in MES non-GSCs or PN GSCs, and its inhibition attenuated MES GSC growth. Intriguingly, irradiation could induce PN GSC's loss of PN phenotype and a gain of MES phenotype, indicating the irradiation-induced PN-to-MES transformation. Furthermore, selective ALDH inhibitor, DEAB, can partially block irradiation-induced transformation of PN to MES GSCs. Clinically, ALDH immunoreactivity was markedly elevated in malignant gliomas in comparison to low grade gliomas or normal brain tissues. Collectively, our data suggest that two GSC subtypes harboring distinct signaling pathways represent intertumoral glioma heterogeneity, and highlight previously unidentified roles of ALDH-associated metabolic signaling in MES MGs and their GSCs. Blocking the pathways that regulate ALDH activity might providepromising therapeutic approaches for a subset of malignant gliomas with the MES signature. Citation Format: Ping Mao, Kaushal Joshi, Jian feng Li, Jakub Godlewski, Xiao kui Mo, Shi yuan Chen, Robert W. Sobol, Ichiro Nakano. Activation of aldehyde dehydrogenase is essential for growth of mesenchymal glioma stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4904. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4904
Disease expression and molecular genotype in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
Authors: P W Speiser, J Dupont, D Zhu, J Serrat, M Buegeleisen, M T Tusie-Luna, M Lesser, M I New, P C White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Genotyping for 10 mutations in the CYP21 gene was performed in 88 families with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Southern blot analysis was used to detect CYP21 deletions or large gene conversions, and allele-specific hybridizations were performed with DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction to detect smaller mutations. Mutations were detected on 95% of chromosomes examined. The most common mutations were an A----G change in the second intron affecting pre-mRNA splicing (26%), large deletions (21%), Ile-172----Asn (16%), and Val-281----Leu (11%). Patients were classified into three mutation groups based on degree of predicted enzymatic compromise. Mutation groups were correlated with clinical diagnosis and specific measures of in vivo 21-hydroxylase activity, such as 17-hydroxyprogesterone, aldosterone, and sodium balance. Mutation group A (no enzymatic activity) consisted principally of salt-wasting (severely affected) patients, group B (2% activity) of simple virilizing patients, and group C (10-20% activity) of nonclassic (mildly affected) patients, but each group contained patients with phenotypes either more or less severe than predicted. These data suggest that most but not all of the phenotypic variability in 21-hydroxylase deficiency results from allelic variation in CYP21. Accurate prenatal diagnosis should be possible in most cases using the described strategy.
Split-Mixed Insulin Regimen With Human Ultralente Before Supper and NPH (Isophane) Before Breakfast in Children and Adolescents With IDDM
Authors: Joseph I Wolfsdorf, Lori MB Laffel, Cynthia Pasquarello, Anne Vernon, Raymonde D Herskowitz
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Fasting hyperglycemia is common in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) treated with twice-daily subcutaneous insulin regimens. We postulated that substituting human ultralente insulin for the presupper dose of intermediate-acting insulin would improve overnight glycemic control in children and adolescents with IDDM.This 6-mo double-blind crossover study compared a conventional insulin regimen, a mixture of human NPH and regular given before both breakfast and supper (NPH), with a novel twice-daily regimen in which human ultralente replaced NPH before the evening meal (ultralente). This study was comprised of 20 children and adolescents (mean age and duration of IDDM 11.3 +/- 2.9 and 2.4 +/- 1.3 yr, respectively) from the Youth Clinic of the Joslin Diabetes Center, all of whom regularly performed self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and had been treated exclusively with human insulin (mean daily dose 0.75 +/- 0.22 U/kg). Subjects performed SMBG on a prescribed schedule with a glucose meter with an electronic memory, and recorded results of blood glucose measurements, insulin dosages, and episodes of hypoglycemia. Monthly measurements were obtained for height, weight, and HbA1, and mean daily insulin dosages and average blood glucose level before breakfast, lunch, supper, bedtime snack, and between 0200 and 0300 were calculated. Nonfasting serum lipids were measured at entry, crossover, and the end of the study.After 3 mo, mean HbA, did not differ significantly (9.1 +/- 1.7 vs. 9.5 +/- 1.4%, NPH and ultralente, respectively). Mean fasting blood glucose was significantly lower on ultralente (9.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 10.3 +/- 2.2 mM, P less than 0.05, and blood glucose showed a similar trend (0.05 less than P less than 0.1) before lunch (8.9 +/- 1.7 vs. 9.8 +/- 2.6 mM. Mean blood glucose before bedtime snack was significantly lower (P less than 0.01) on NPH (8.4 +/- 1.9 vs. 10.0 +/- 2.1 mM) but did not differ significantly before supper or between 0200 and 0300. On the two regimens, growth and serum lipids were normal and similar, and no differences were observed in the incidence or severity of hypoglycemia.Compared with a mixed dose of regular and NPH, a similar dose of a mixture of regular and human ultralente insulin before supper caused a modest reduction in fasting blood glucose levels but was associated with higher blood glucose levels before the bedtime snack. Overall glycemic control, reflected in HbA1 values, was not significantly improved.