tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3257: ERC/mesothelin is expressed in human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines
Authors: Tomoaki Ito, Kazunori Kajino, Masaaki Abe, Koichi Sato, Hiroshi Maekawa, Mutsumi Sakurada, Hajime Orita, Ryo Wada, Yoshiaki Kajiyama, Okio Hino
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: ERC/mesothelin is expressed in mesothelioma and other malignancies. The ERC/mesothelin gene (MSLN) encodes a 71 kDa precursor protein, which is cleaved to yield 31 kDa N-terminal (N-ERC/mesothelin) and 40 kDa C-terminal (C-ERC/mesothelin) proteins. N-ERC/mesothelin is a soluble protein and has been reported to be a diagnostic serum marker of mesothelioma and ovarian cancer. Gastric cancer tissue also expresses C-ERC/mesothelin, but the significance of serum N-ERC levels for diagnosing gastric cancer has not yet been studied. We examined the latter issue in this study as well as C-ERC/mesothelin expression in human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Methods: We immunohistochemically examined C-ERC/mesothelin expression in tissue samples from 50 cases of gastric cancer, and we also assessed the C-ERC/mesothelin expression of 6 cancer cell lines (MKN-1, MKN-7, MKN-74, NUGC-3, NUGC-4 and TMK-1) using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting. We also examined the N-ERC/mesothelin concentrations of the supernatants of cultured cells and the sera of gastric cancer patients using an ELISA. Results: N-ERC/mesothelin was detected in the supernatants of 3 cell lines (MKN-1, NUGC-4, and TMK-1) by ELISA, but its concentration in the sera of gastric cancer patients was almost same as that observed in the sera of the normal controls. In the gastric cancer tissues, C-ERC/mesothelin expression was associated with lymphatic invasion, as reported by Einama et al. Conclusion: N-ERC/mesothelin was secreted into the supernatants of gastric cancer cell lines, but did not appear to be a useful serum marker of gastric cancer. Citation Format: Tomoaki Ito, Kazunori Kajino, Masaaki Abe, Koichi Sato, Hiroshi Maekawa, Mutsumi Sakurada, Hajime Orita, Ryo Wada, Yoshiaki Kajiyama, Okio Hino. ERC/mesothelin is expressed in human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3257. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3257
ARE THERE SEX DIFFERENCES IN ADVERSE OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF CORONARY DISEASE DIAGNOSED BY CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY? AN ANALYSIS FROM THE CONFIRM REGISTRY
Authors: Joshua Schulman-Marcus, Briain O’Hartaigh, Heidi Gransar, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Daniel Berman, Matthew Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Ricardo Cury, Augustin DeLago, Allison Dunning, Gudrun Feuchtner, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Yong-Jim Kim, Philipp Kaufmann, Jonathan Leipsic, Erica Maffei, Gilbert Raff, Leslee Shaw, Todd Villines, James Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Twin Girls with Neurocutaneous Symptoms Caused by Mothball Intoxication
Authors: Lionel Feuillet, Stéphanie Mallet, Michel Spadari
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: An 18-year-old 12th-grade student presented with a one-month history of an ichthyosis-like dermatosis (Figure 1), which symmetrically involved the lower limbs, elbows, and hands. Blood tests demonstrated iron-deficiency anemia and lymphoneutropenia. The patient also had an unsteady gait, urinary retention, signs of intracranial hypertension, a cerebellar syndrome, pyramidal signs in all limbs without weakness, and mental sluggishness. The results of cerebral and spinal magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were normal. The patient's twin sister had similar but less severe skin lesions in the same distribution, along with an unsteady gait. Her physical examination showed . . .
418 GOLD-VALIDATION OF LIVER FIBROSIS ESTIMATES, FIBROTEST (FT) AND LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT (LSM), USING SURGICAL SAMPLES AND VIRTUAL BIOPSIES
Authors: T. Poynard, G. Lenaour, F. Charlotte, M. Munteanu, J.C. Vaillant, Y. Ngo, V. Ratziu, L. Hannoun, F. Capron
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Compulsory registration of clinical trials: Publicly funded national register of trials would be best in the United Kingdom
Authors: Lesley Stewart, Claire Vale, Janet Darbyshire
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—We support the statement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors on trial registration discussed by Abbasi,1 2 but we reiterate that currently no register satisfies all requirements.

The UK National Register of Cancer Clinical Trials meets the criteria in that it is freely available, managed by a not for profit organisation, and stores all required data items. It is, however, restricted to UK randomised …
Time Course of Gene Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in Rat Lung after Diesel Exhaust Particle Exposure
Authors: K. Murali Krishna Rao, Jane Y. C. Ma, Terence Meighan, Mark W. Barger, Donna Pack, Val Vallyathan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) at three concentrations (5, 35, and 50 mg/kg body weight) were instilled into rats intratracheally. We studied gene expression at 1, 7, and 30 days postexposure in cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and in lung tissue. Using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we measured the mRNA levels of eight genes [interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), MIP-2 (macrophage inflammatory protein-2), TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1), and TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha )] in BAL cells and four genes [IL-6, ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor), and RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted)] in lung tissue. In BAL cells on day 1, high-dose exposure induced a significant up-regulation of IL-1beta, iNOS, MCP-1, and MIP-2 but no change in IL-6, IL-10, TGF-beta1, and TNF-alpha mRNA levels. There was no change in the mRNA levels of IL-6, RANTES, ICAM-1, and GM-CSF in lung tissue. Nitric oxide production and levels of MCP-1 and MIP-2 were increased in the 24-hr culture media of alveolar macrophages (AMs) obtained on day 1. IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-2 levels were also elevated in the BAL fluid. BAL fluid also showed increases in albumin and lactate dehydrogenase. The cellular content in BAL fluid increased at all doses and at all time periods, mainly due to an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In vitro studies in AMs and cultured lung fibroblasts showed that lung fibroblasts are a significant source of IL-6 and MCP-1 in the lung.
David Ernest Calwell
Authors: H Calwell
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Principal in general practice Belfast (b Belfast 1927; q Belfast 1953; MICGP, MRCGP), died from myelodysplasia on 26 August 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Ernest worked in Lisburn and Lurgan Hospitals before joining his father in general practice. Following his father's death he spent several years singlehanded, building up an extensive general and maternity practice. Subsequently he joined a group practice, which covered the religious divide in Belfast, and he often had problems doing calls during the Troubles. On one occasion he negotiated his way through a barricade after recognising the man behind the mask as one of his own patients. Predeceased by his daughter, he leaves a wife, Heather; a son; and a granddaughter.
Presumptuous Forums in Medical Education
Authors: John T. Flynn
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Must we endure another forum on "relevance for Today and Tomorrow in Medical Education" ("What's Wrong With Medical Education?," [<b>211</b>: 1848, 1970] )? In such well-meaning displays of remoteness from reality, a minority of contributors have been in the actual true-grit practice of medicine. The ridiculous, though tragic, emphasis on "anthropology, computers, cybernetics, economics, political science, and sociology" in the medical curriculum contrasts with our geometrically increasing desperate need for more physicians who are able and willing to treat physically sick people. How can we be so presumptuous, not to say callous, as to divert young men and women into "new careers basic to a productive attack on socioeconomic and political issues as they affect and involve medicine," when we expect interns in some of our ill-equipped, badly staffed hospitals to work up 18 or 20 night admissions, after slaving all day on the wards and emergency rooms?
Five-year results of curettage-cryosurgery of selected large primary basal cell carcinomas on the nose: an alternative treatment in a geographical area underserved by Mohs' surgery
Authors: P. NORDIN, O. LARKÖ, B. STENQUIST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Mohs' micrographic surgery (MMS) is the recommended treatment for large basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) of the nose. This 5-year follow-up study attempts to evaluate whether curettage-cryosurgery (CC) could be an alternative therapy in a country where optimal resources for MMS are lacking. All patients with a primary nasal or perinasal BCC, 10 mm or larger in diameter, were assessed at a skin tumour clinic. Sixty-one BCCs of non-morphoeiform type were treated with CC. Most of the tumour was removed by careful curettage with different sized curettes. The tumour area was then frozen with liquid nitrogen in a double freeze-thaw cycle. Fifty patients were followed for at least 5 years with only one recurrence. The cosmetic result was good or acceptable in all patients. A thorough curettage followed by cryosurgery could be a safe and inexpensive alternative therapy even for large primary non-morphoeiform BCCs of the nose.
Dosage of Penicillamine
Authors: George E. Ehrlich
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  In their most interesting article, Bronchiolitis and Bronchitis in Connective Tissue Disease (242:528, 1979), Epler and his co-workers report two more instances of the occurrence of this distressing syndrome in patients treated with penicillamine. However, in both instances, the case report states that the drug therapy was started in dosages of 500 mg/day and 750 mg/day. If this is not a condensation of the history, and if, indeed, penicillamine therapy was started in such large dosages rather than at 125 to 250 mg daily for a month before the dosage was increased, it may be that the excessive dose was responsible. Physicians planning to use penicillamine in the treatment of any of the rheumatic diseases should be cautioned to start low and build up slowly.
Novel biodegradable hydrogels prepared using the divinylic crosslinking agent N,O-dimethacryloylhydroxylamine. 1. Synthesis and characterisation of rates of gel degradation, and rate of release of model drugs, in vitro and in vivo
Authors: K. Ulbrich, V. Šubr, L.W. Seymour, R. Duncan
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1993)
THE HOSPITAL: AN ELEMENT AND EXPONENT OF MEDICAL EDUCATION.An address delivered at the formal opening of the new Hospital of the University of Michigan Jan. 20, 1892.
Authors: ALBERT L. GIHON
Journal: JAMA (1892)

The marvelous rapid growth, which has spread its iron threads, as a spider's web, over mountains and valleys and mighty rivers, in fewer years, than the aeons of time, in which nature has channeled her water-courses—which builds a million-peopled metropolis upon a waste plain within a human generation—and which runs the gamut of social development from the ragged barefoot of the frontiersman's cabin to the cultured man of science, as a musician would a chromatic scale, may well cause one to pause in his intended teachings, who comes hither from the part of our country, which we, who live there, think so old— the narrow strip of coast-line whereon our forefathers rested with their children, before they began their giant strides towards the west. The courteous invitation to assist at the formal opening ceremony of this new hospital, coupled with the request to say something about the hobby I have
Lessons Learned for the Study of Childhood Asthma from the Centers for Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research
Authors: Peyton A. Eggleston, Greg Diette, Michael Lipsett, Toby Lewis, Ira Tager, Rob McConnell, Elizabeth Chrischilles, Bruce Lanphear, Rachel Miller, Jerry Krishnan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

The National Children's Study will address, among other illnesses, the environmental causes of both incident asthma and exacerbations of asthma in children. Seven of the Centers for Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research (Children's Centers), funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, conducted studies relating to asthma. The design of these studies was diverse and included cohorts, longitudinal studies of older children, and intervention trials involving asthmatic children. In addition to the general lessons provided regarding the conduct of clinical studies in both urban and rural populations, these studies provide important lessons regarding the successful conduct of community research addressing asthma. They demonstrate that it is necessary and feasible to conduct repeated evaluation of environmental exposures in the home to address environmental exposures relevant to asthma. The time and staff required were usually underestimated by the investigators, but through resourceful efforts, the studies were completed with a remarkably high completion rate. The definition of asthma and assessment of disease severity proved to be complex and required a combination of questionnaires, pulmonary function tests, and biologic samples for markers of immune response and disease activity. The definition of asthma was particularly problematic in younger children, who may exhibit typical asthma symptoms sporadically with respiratory infections without developing chronic asthma. Medications confounded the definition of asthma disease activity, and must be repeatedly and systematically estimated. Despite these many challenges, the Children's Centers successfully conducted long-term studies of asthma.
THE FUNCTIONS AND THE FORM OF THE OBSTETRIC FORCEPS.Read in the Section on Obstetrics and Diseases of Women at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association held at San Francisco, June 5-8. 1894.
Authors: WALLACE A. BRIGGS
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The functions of the obstetric forceps may be divided into constant, occasional, extraordinary and incidental. Its sole constant function is traction— the reënforcement of the natural<i>vis-a-tergo</i>by an artificial<i>vis-a-fronte</i>. As traction is intended to supplement the natural forces of labor, it should imitate them in so far as an artificial process may imitate a natural one—it should be intermittent, it should be moderate, it should urge the presenting part by its smallest circumference along the line of least resistance which in a general way will coincide with the axis of the parturient canal, at whatever point the presenting part may be engaged, and as nearly as may be with the axis of the blades of the forceps. Minor exceptions, however, are not infrequent. When the head impinges too strongly on the pelvic walls, either laterally or anteriorly, the line of least resistance will traverse the pelvic axis towards
TCT-157 Increased Local Cytokine Production at Culprit Superficial Femoral Artery Plaques
Authors: Cameron Donaldson, David Schneider, Daniel Bertges, Julie Adams, Nader Elgharib, Ellie Mueller, William Prabhu, Taka Ashikaga, Amy Henderson, Harold Dauerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Regular albuterol, nedocromil sodium, and bronchial inflammation in asthma.
Authors: N D Manolitsas, J Wang, J L Devalia, C J Trigg, A E McAulay, R J Davies
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Adult, nonsmoking patients with mild to moderate asthma were randomized to receive 4 mg nedocromil sodium (n = 13), 200 micrograms albuterol (n = 13), or placebo (n = 12) four times daily for 16 wk in a double-blind, double-dummy protocol. Before and after treatment, patients underwent histamine bronchial provocation, followed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Bronchial mucosal biopsy tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were examined in detail. Daily diary cards were kept by each patient. Compared with baseline, the numbers of total (EG1) and activated (EG2) eosinophils, expressed as cells per square millimeter of bronchial biopsy tissue, decreased after treatment with nedocromil sodium (pretreatment: EG1 = 152.2 +/- 42.5 and EG2 = 143.8 +/- 36.8; post-treatment: EG1 = 115.4 +/- 35.1 and EG2 = 104.9 +/- 31.6) and increased after treatment with albuterol (pretreatment: EG1 = 129.3 +/- 28.0 and EG2 = 127.5 +/- 30.2; post-treatment: EG1 = 238.0 +/- 55.0 and EG2 = 211.4 +/- 50.4). Although the changes between the active treatment groups were significantly different (p < 0.05), no such significant differences were found in eosinophil numbers before and after treatment when comparisons were made between either of the active treatment groups and the placebo group. Although not significant, the changes in concentration of eosinophil cationic protein in bronchoalveolar lavage reflected the changes seen in numbers of activated eosinophils. No treatment differences were detected for mast cell or lymphocyte numbers. There were no statistical differences between treatment groups for clinical findings, with the exception of evening peak flow, which was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the albuterol group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A NEW OPERATION FOR PROLAPSE OF THE RECTUM
Authors: JEROME M. LYNCH
Journal: JAMA (1927)

A condition so incapacitating as complete prolapse of the rectum invites profound consideration, and any effort to improve the lot of sufferers from this malady should merit attention. That little has been accomplished in the way of cure may be learned by looking over the literature on this subject for the last hundred years. Yet it cannot be said that eminent surgeons have lacked interest in these cases, since in the records one finds Quenu, Hartmann, Todd, Zuckerkandl, Moschcowitz, Dural, Mummery, Miles and others considering the problem.  Since publishing my preliminary paper,1I have given a great deal of study to the problems of prolapse, and believe that I have now a fundamental conception of the underlying cause and a plan of reconstruction that will prove helpful.  This, then, is my excuse for offering this paper in place of the usual chairman's address.  The natural supports of the rectum are
Audit of process of antenatal screening for sickle cell disorders at a north London hospital
Authors: H. Neuenschwander, B. Modell
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Antenatal screening for haemoglobin disorders (sickle cell disorders and thalassaemias) is now routine.1 Couples who are at risk have a strong preference for prenatal diagnosis during the first trimester,2 but most are identified too late for this in the presenting pregnancy.3 We studied the process of antenatal screening and counselling for sickle cell disorders at this hospital, where 40% of births are in groups at risk. The hospital has a policy of universal antenatal and neonatal screening for haemoglobin disorders. Two community based haemoglobinopathy counsellors are notified when a pregnant carrier is identified and invite the couple within two days to attend for testing of the partner and counselling. About 80% of couples attend. Couples who are interested in prenatal diagnosis are referred to a specialist centre.

Thirty one women at risk were identified among those booking for antenatal care between …
Recidivous acute urticaria caused by <i>Anisakis simplex</i>
Authors: A. Montoro, M. J. Perteguer, T. Chivato, R. Laguna, C. Cuéllar
Journal: Allergy (1997)

This study aimed to determine the cause of acute recidivous urticaria in patients who usually eat fish or other seafood. Twenty-five patients were studied. The skin prick test with larval Anisakis simplex extract was performed; total and specific IgE against A. simplex was measured with the CAP System; specific antibodies to A. simplex were determined by ELISA; and immunorecognition patterns of the sera were studied by Western blot. Nineteen patients showed specific IgE to A. simplex, but specific IgE to Ascaris was demonstrated in only two patients. No patients reacted to Toxocara canis or Echinoccocus granulosus antigens with the same test. The skin prick test was positive in 16 patients, in two of them persisting for 48 h. Five patients showed neither skin reaction nor specific IgE to A. simplex. Sera showed specific immunoglobulin levels against A. simplex larval crude extract, by both ELISA and Western blot. Likewise, specific immunoglobulin levels against excretory-secretory antigen were also measured by ELISA. Only one patient showed sensitization to fish. A. simplex was found to be the main cause of acute recidivous urticaria in patients who usually eat fish and are not sensitized to it.
Continuous Intravenous Saline Infusion
Authors: H. Bailey, W. I. B. Stringer, K. D. Keele
Journal: BMJ (1937)

MTIE BRrIisHabout her condition.At first irritable, while mentally very alert, with rapid breathing and fits of screaming, she was admitted to hospital twenty-four hours after the ingestion of the aspirin.Her clinical picture, with deep rapid respirations 48 per minute, flushed face, and vomiting, was compatible with a diagnosis of acidosis; yet this was not confirmed by investigation.The alkali reserve was 50 volumes per cent., and the urine gave negative reactions to Gerhardt's and Rothera's tests.The treatment given was 8 ounces (227 c.cm.) of 2 per cent.glucose and saline solution intravenously, and 1 pint (568 c.cm.) of 10 per cent.glucose and 0.9 per cent.sodium bicarbonate solution orally during the first twelve hours.The child's breathing remained deep, and the rate was 40 per minute; she was still irritable.Ihe alkali reserve had fallen to 29 volumes per cent.and the urine gave positive reactions to Gerhardt's and Rothera's tests, showing that a state of acidosis had developed.Twenty-six ounces (738 c.cm.) of sodium lactate solution and 17 ounces (447 c.cm.) of 10 per cent.glucose and saline solution were given by the slow-drip method intravenously in twenty hours, the patient showing considerable improvement.She was able to take a normal light diet, and appeared quite well after a further three days.ConclusionIn our cases the weight of evidence seems to be in favour of the intoxication being possibly a toxic action on the respiratory centre, but chiefly due to an acidosis.This is borne out by the rapid improvement in the clinical condition which accompanied the rise in the alkali reserve following the administration of sodium lactate solution.Odin (1932) warns us to be careful in using salicylate in nephritic patients.In two of his cases already quoted albumin was present in the urine before treatment was commenced, and both patients developed symptoms of poisoning with so small a dose as 45 grains a day.All of his cases had a moderate number of red blood cells in the urine, five had albuminuria, and two had some casts.This, considered with the necropsy findings of acute nephritis, indicates that it is difficult for nephritic patients to excrete salicylic acid.Summary 1.A survey of the reported cases of aspirin poisoning is giveni, showing that large doses are necessary in adults to produce toxic effects.2. Alkalis increase the absorbability of aspirin.