tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES IN BOVINE MASTITIS
Authors: F. S. Jones
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1918)

Aside from the streptococci, micrococci have been the next most frequent group of organisms isolated from inflamed udders. They produce various types of disease. Some give rise to only a mild catarrh of the larger milk ducts and cystern, while others produce more or less severe parenchymatous inflammation. On the whole, the prognosis is more favorable with micrococcic infection than with that associated with streptococci. Cases of considerable severity have, however, been attributed to staphylococci. Micrococci similar in many respects to those associated with mastitis have been found to occur in the normal udder. This has led Savage to question their true etiological significance. In many instances micrococci may gain access to the udder and produce slight disturbances that are entirely overlooked. Even more severe changes may follow infection. After recovery the organisms still remain in the milk. This was observed in the case of Cow 60 infected with staphylococci. One frequently observes the elimination of streptococci from the udder even after apparent recovery from an attack of streptococcic mastitis. Doubtless streptococci and micrococci observed in these udders would be classed as belonging to the normal flora. Even though micrococci do occur in supposedly normal udders Evans has shown that many are pathogenic for rabbits. The introduction of these organisms into the udders of non-resistant individuals might well give rise to more or less intense inflammation. The multiplication would doubtless be rapid until resistance had been established. In addition to the micrococci two other groups of rod-shaped organisms have been found associated with udder inflammation. In two instances Bacillus coli has been isolated from cases of mastitis and in another Bacillus lactis aerogenes. In four, tiny motile Gramstaining microorganisms have been obtained in pure culture. Two of these strains (Nos. C.79 and M.44) have been identified as Bacillus pyogenes.
Osteophyte-induced dysphagia. Occurrence in akylosing hyperostosis
Authors: D. S. Prince
Journal: JAMA (1975)

DYSPHAGIA produced by direct pressure of cervical osteophytes is not a widely known phenomenon.<sup>1,2</sup>It reportedly occurs in cervical osteoarthritis, but it is not clearly established as a complication in ankylosing hyperostosis, an unusual osteophyte-producing disorder.<sup>3</sup>The following case report is an example of this event. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 57-year-old man gave an eight-month history of dysphagia, hoarseness, and postprandial coughing spells. His general health was good, and his only medication had been low-dose thioridazine hydrochloride for chronic schizophrenia, in remission. He had no other gastrointestinal problems. Physical examination was completely normal except for a mild reduction in rotational and flexion-extension movements of the neck. There were no noticeable musculoskeletal complaints. Results of a complete blood cell count, urinalysis, serologic test for syphilis, 12-factor automated blood chemistry analysis, and determinations of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, rheumatoid factor, and antinuclear antibody were all normal. A roentgenogram with a
Abstract 885: Integrated analysis of colorectal cancer cell lines reveals an amplicon driver which may be involved in platinium resistance
Authors: Romina Briffa, David J. Harrison, Dana Faratian
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: First line adjuvant treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is 5-fluorouracil and the platinum compound oxaliplatin. New targeted therapies such as cetuximab and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors are being developed in order to improve therapeutic outcomes. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance is common and selecting patients who are likely to respond remains a clinical and pathological challenge. The aim of this study is to identify new targets for therapy using an integrated genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and functional analysis of CRC cell lines. Methods: Cell proliferation assays (AlamarBlue) were carried out on a panel 15 colorectal cancer cell lines. IC50s were established for 5-fluoruracil, oxaliplatin, and BEZ-235, a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor. Cell lines were profiled using reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) for protein expression, Illumina gene expression analysis, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH; NimbleGen 135k chips) and targeted sequencing of hotspot mutations. Associations of mutations, transcript, copy number variations and proteome with drug sensitivity were established using correlation coefficients and integrated network analysis. Validation of copy number gains and losses was performed in primary tumors using Oncomine to interrogate public databases. Results: IC50s varied from resistant to highly sensitive for all three compounds. BRAF V600E mutation was significantly associated with response to 5 fluorouracil (p = 0.006). There were 17 regions of recurrent amplification across 14 cell lines and 48 regions of loss. The frequently and highly amplified regions included 8q24.13 - 8q24.21 which was significantly correlated with oxaliplatin response (p = 0.031), and amplified in 11% of primary CRCs on interrogation of public databases. This amplified region contains the putative oncogene TRIB1, a cell signaling regulator, which was correlated with gene expression across the cell lines and was found to be significantly correlated to the AKT (p=0.026), phosphor-mTOR (Ser2481) (p = 0.017) and phosphoSRC (Thr24) (p = 0.020) protein expression. The recurrently deleted regions included 3p14.2 which was significantly associated with response to the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 (p=0.031). This region was found to be significantly correlated with MEK (p=0.042) and phosphoCDK2 (Thr160) (p=0.018) protein expression, and contained the putative tumor suppressor gene FHIT, a hydrolase involved with purine metabolism. Conclusions: TRIB1 is a potential oncogenic driver in CRC which may be associated with therapeutic resistance to platinum compounds. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 885. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-885
Automatic Measurement of Renal Volume in Children Using 99mTc Dimercaptosuccinic Acid SPECT
Authors: Xinhua Cao, David Zurakowski, David A. Diamond, S. Ted Treves
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to automate volume measurement of pediatric kidneys using Technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc DMSA) SPECT. Assessment of renal size is essential in making an accurate clinical diagnosis and in evaluating normal and abnormal renal growth. Existing techniques for measuring renal length and volume are often observer-dependent and are limited by interobserver variability. Materials and Methods: An automated method using 99mTc DMSA SPECT was developed to measure renal length, volume, and 2D/3D split renal functions. An adaptive threshold was used for segmentation of renal images. To improve measurement accuracy of renal volumes, a boundary-weighted integration and a linear correction from phantom experiments were applied. Using the new automated software, we evaluated 620 normal kidneys in 310 patients aged 1 to 21 years. Results: In all, 99.4% of renal volume measurement was inter-/intraobserver reproducible without manual intervention. Correlations between renal size (volume and length) and growth parameters (age and body weight) were evaluated by nonlinear regression modeling. Body weight was found to be the best predictor of kidney volume and length (P < 0.0001). Normal ranges were established according to body weight. Conclusions: Automatic renal volume measurement with 99mTc DMSA SPECT demonstrates high observer reproducibility, and it is useful for achieving accurate assessment of renal growth using sequential measurements. The renal growth models generated by this study will aid physicians in evaluating and monitoring renal growth.
1165 HCV INFECTION REPROGRAMS THE HEPATIC GLUCOSE AND GLUTAMINE METABOLISM
Authors: P. Lévy, M. Michelet, C. Brault, A. Sallé, R. Parent, D. Durantel, B. Elena-Herrmann, H.-M. Steffen, F. Zoulim, M. Odenthal, B. Bartosch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
432. Molecular Chimerism Prevents Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE)
Authors: Herena Eixarch, Carmen Espejo, Francisco Vidal, Silvia Garces, Mireia Castillo, Alex Bote, Elisabeth Kadar, Marta Rosal, Xavier Montalban, Jordi Barquinero
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)
Firearm violence and public health
Authors: C. R. Beckmann
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —I continue to be taken aback by the good intentions and bad proposals of my colleagues on the difficult issue of guns and safety. 1 As a longtime shooter and hunter, I am determined that my son and his sons in turn will enjoy the same outdoor adventure that I have enjoyed. That means that I will not be inappropriately taxed and restricted for my legitimate and constitutionally guaranteed rights. Likewise, as a physician, I can no longer support my own organization, the National Rifle Association, in its position favoring a complete lack of regulation.  Why must I be at odds with both groups in which I share membership? Stated otherwise, why can't our society move to a middle-of-the-road, reasonable position that will benefit all? Everyone should agree that accidental or deliberate deaths or injuries involving firearms are an outcome that we should all actively work to
Genetic Polymorphisms in the <b> <i>TGF-</i> </b>β<b> <i>1</i> </b> Gene and Breast Cancer Survival
Authors: Xiao-Ou Shu, Yu-Tang Gao, Qiuyin Cai, Larry Pierce, Hui Cai, Zhi-Xian Ruan, Gong Yang, Fan Jin, Wei Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The effect of genetic polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 gene at codon 10 (T+29C), codon 25 (G+74C), and the promoter region [C → T at −509 from the transcription site, (C-509T)] on breast cancer survival was evaluated among a cohort of 1111 patients. The median follow-up time for the cohort was 5.17 years after cancer diagnosis. No DNA sequence variation at codon 25 of the TGF-β1 gene was found, whereas polymorphisms in C-509T and T+29C were in strong linkage disequilibrium. Patients who carried the C allele of T+29C polymorphism had a reduced 5-year disease-free survival rate (75.6% for T/C, and 78.2% for C/C) compared with the T/T genotype (85.1%; P, 0.04); the age-adjusted hazard ratio was 1.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.1–2.2). Adjustment for clinical prognostic factors slightly attenuated the association (hazard ratio, 1.4, 95% confidence interval, 1.0–1.9). Our study suggests that genetic polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 gene may play a role in breast cancer progression.
Clinical features and survivial of cirrhotic patients with subclinical cognitive alterations detected by the number connection test and computerized psychometric tests
Authors: Piero Amodio, Franco Del Piccolo, Piergiorgio Marchetti, Paolo Angeli, Rosamaria Iemmolo, Lorenza Caregaro, Carlo Merkel, Giorgio Gerunda, Angelo Gatta
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

The prevalence and the clinical implications of subclinical cognitive alterations in cirrhotic patients have not been well defined as yet. Therefore, we performed a study to assess the clinical features and the survival of cirrhotic patients with cognitive alterations detected by the number connection test (NCT) and a set of computerized psychometric tests (Scan, Choice1, and Choice2) measuring the reaction times and the percentage of errors in performing specific tasks. Ninety-four cirrhotic patients (aged 58 +/- 9 years) without overt hepatic encephalopathy and 80 controls (aged 53 +/- 15 years) were consecutively enrolled. The median follow-up in cirrhotic patients was 426 days (lower quartile = 213 days; upper quartile = 718 days). Results of the NCT, Scan test, and Choice2 test were significantly worse in cirrhotic patients, whereas Choice1 did not differ significantly from the controls. In cirrhotic patients, the prevalence of altered psychometric tests was 21% (CI95% = 14%-31%) by NCT, 23% (CI95% =15%-33%) by Scan test, and 20% (CI95% =16%-30%) by Choice2 test. The alterations of NCT, Scan, and Choice2 were found to be related to the severity of liver disease, independently of its etiology. Increased risk of death was found to be associated with altered Scan test (hazard ratio = 2.4; CI95% =1. 1-5.3), or altered Choice2 test (hazard ratio = 2.8; CI95% = 1.2-6. 3). Multivariate regression showed that Scan and Choice2 tests had prognostic value on survival, in addition to Child-Pugh classes in the first year of follow-up.
Radiographic changes in the hands of rock climbers.
Authors: S R Bollen, V Wright
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1994)

Radiographs of the hands of 36 rock climbers were compared with radiographs of the hands of controls matched for age and sex. Subchondral cysts were present in the hands of 17 climbers and only two controls. Osteophytes or bony spurs were present in 14 climbers but not in any of the controls, and the only two cases of frank osteoarthrosis were in the hands of climbers. Cortical thickness of the proximal and middle phalanges was significantly greater in the hands of climbers (P = &lt; 0.01). Pronounced 'scalloping' of the necks of the proximal phalanges was only seen in climbers, and is due to thickening of the attachment of the distal end of the fibrous A2 pulley of the flexor sheath.
Passive-Active Immunization After Anti-HBs Immunoglobulin?
Authors: Adrian O. Vladutiu
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Commercial preparations of antibodies (anti-HBs) to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), albeit expensive, are now readily available. However, the mechanisms of action of anti-HBs are not clearly understood. During the past two years we have followed up a medical technologist who received anti-HBs soon after parenteral inoculation of serum with HBsAg. A second injection of anti-HBs was given intramuscularly, one month later. Anti-HBs and HBsAg were not detected before administration of immunoglobulin, and serum aminotransferase activities were normal. The amount of anti-HBs (expressed as the ratio of counts per minute of her serum vs a negative sample) decreased from 39 to 7 within the first month. After the second injection, the amount of anti-HBs rose to 35 and then gradually declined to 4 after five months. In the sixth month the amount of anti-HBs began to rise again, reached 159 at 14 months, and thereafter remained at
Reply: what's new under der Leun?
Authors: SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Journal Article Reply: what's new under der Leun? Get access SAM SHUSTER SAM SHUSTER Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NEi 4LP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 107, Issue 2, 1 August 1982, Pages 249–250, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1982.tb00348.x Published: 01 August 1982
Inhibitory Effect of N‐(3′, 4′‐dimethoxycinnamoyl) Anthranilic Acid (N‐5′) on SRS‐A Mediated Bronchoconstriction in the Guinea Pig <i>in Vivo</i>
Authors: M. Fujimura, T. Koshino, T. Ishizaki, S. Minami, T. Saga, S. Miyabo
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Slow‐reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS‐A) is an important factor mediating bronchoconstriction in asthma. We developed a guinea pig model for SRS‐A‐mediated bronchoconstriction induced by antigen inhalation. Using this model, we investigated the effect of N‐(3′, 4′‐dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (N‐5′), a new anti‐allergic drug, on the bronchoconstriction. FPL 55712 inhibited most of the bronchoconstriction induced by antigen inhalation. N‐5′inhibited the antigen‐induced bronchoconstriction in a dose‐dependent fashion. Intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg N‐5′was effective for 40 min after antigen inhalation, while the effect of 60 mg/kg lasted only 7 min. On the other hand, 200 mg/kg N‐5′showed no inhibitory effect on the bronchoconstriction caused by direct inhalation of leukotriene C 4 , a component of SRS‐A. These findings indicate that one of the anti‐allergic actions of N‐5′is due to inhibition of synthesis and/or release of SRS‐A.
Trends in Antihypertensive Drug Advertising, 1985–1996
Authors: Thomas J. Wang, John C. Ausiello, Randall S. Stafford
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Over the past decade, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ACE inhibitors have been used increasingly in the treatment of hypertension. In contrast, β-blocker and diuretic use has decreased. It has been suggested that pharmaceutical marketing has influenced these prescribing patterns. No objective analysis of advertising for antihypertensive therapies exists, however. Methods and Results —We reviewed the January, April, July, and October issues of the New England Journal of Medicine from 1985 to 1996 (210 issues). The intensity of drug promotion was measured as the proportion of advertising pages used to promote a given medication. Statistical analyses used the χ 2 test for trend. Advertising for CCBs increased from 4.6% of advertising pages in 1985 to 26.9% in 1996, while advertising for β-blockers (12.4% in 1985 to 0% in 1996) and diuretics (4.2% to 0%) decreased (all P &lt;0.0001). A nonsignificant increase was observed in advertising for ACE inhibitors (3.5% to 4.3%, P =0.17). Although the total number of drug advertising pages per issue decreased from 60 pages in 1985 to 42 pages in 1996 ( P &lt;0.001), the number of pages devoted to calcium channel blocker advertisements nearly quadrupled. Conclusions —Increasing promotion of CCBs has mirrored trends in physician prescribing. An association between advertising and prescribing patterns could explain why CCBs have supplanted better-substantiated therapies for hypertension.
Toward a Practical Renaming of Bullous Pemphigoid and All Its Variants
Authors: Luca Borradori, Pascal Joly
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

To the Editor We read with interest the study of Bakker et al1 emphasizing that pruritus is an important symptom of bullous pemphigoid (BP). Nevertheless, a number of points warrant respectful comment.
Birmingham meeting on Health Services Bill
Authors: G A Readett
Journal: BMJ (1976)

that in "normal" twin pairs' (anaemic twin IgG 5 40 g/l; normal twin IgG 5 43 g/l).In contrast, in cases of the chronic type of fetofetal transfusion syndrome the donor twin had abnormally low levels of IgG whereas those of the recipient were within the normal range.3There were invariably large intrapair discrepancies and we suggest that this may be due to a disturbance in the maternofetal transfer of the immunoglobulin across the donor portion of the placenta, which is fre- quently oedematous and histologically abnormal in such cases.4
DIAGNOSTIC POWER OF MULTI-DETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR DETECTING PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IS NOT INFLUENCED BY SEVERE CORONARY ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION - THE CORE-64 STUDY
Authors: Armin Arbab-Zadeh, Julie M. Miller, Carlos E. Rochitte, Marc Dewey, Hiroyuki Niinuma, Ilan Gottlieb, Narinder Paul, Melvin E. Clouse, Edward Shapiro, John Hoe, Albert C. Lardo, David E. Bush, Albert deRoos, Christopher Cox, Jeffrey Brinker, Joao A C Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Alpha thalassaemia in British people.
Authors: D R Higgs, H Ayyub, J B Clegg, A V Hill, R D Nicholls, H Teal, J S Wainscoat, D J Weatherall
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Although alpha thalassaemia is rare in north Europeans, it has been identified in British people with no known foreign ancestry. Twelve such patients were studied, of whom eight shared a distinctive molecular defect, which was clearly different from defects seen in subjects of Mediterranean or South East Asian origin. A rare but specific form of alpha thalassaemia is therefore present in the British population. In addition, two patients from families of mixed racial origin were encountered who had a moderately severe form of thalassaemia (HbH disease) due to the inheritance of one form of alpha thalassaemia from the British parent and another type from the foreign parent. This shows the importance of careful genetic counselling of British patients with haematological findings of thalassaemia.
Fatal invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with adalimumab therapy
Authors: M Manz, C Beglinger, S R Vavricka
Journal: Gut (2008)

<h3>Background</h3> Medication directives are used by Community Palliative Care Teams (CPCT) to allow planned, safe administration of medications by teams in the community setting for patients with chronic, life-limiting conditions for symptom control (SC) or end of life care (EOLC). This often allows patients to remain in the community and receive care that they may otherwise have had to receive in an in-patient setting. <h3>Aims</h3> The aims of this project were to assess: Number of patients who were discharged with a medications directive from an acute hospital setting to CPCT; Duration of care under CPCT; Circumstances of any re-admission to acute hospital following discharge with medication directive. <h3>Method</h3> Review of discharged in-patients to CPCT from Jan – Dec 2017 using hospital palliative care team (HPCT) and CPCT databases and medication directive records, hospital electronic database and patient charts. Review was conducted by one person over a two week period and results were tabulated and analysed using simple Excel format. <h3>Results</h3> 47 discharges to CPCT with medical directives were identified (38 EOLC, 9 SC). 2 were re-admitted following discharge with EOLC directive, and all 9 SC patients were readmitted (re-admission date range was 1–16 weeks post-discharge). 6 patients discharged with EOLC directive remained under CPCT care at time of review, 3 were discharged from service, with 32 dying under care of CPCT (median days after discharge 8.5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Medication directives helped to facilitate 84% of patients discharged from acute hospital to CPCT care to remain at home for EOLC. 100% of SC patients required re-admission but had a varying period in the community prior to re-admission. This clearly demonstrates the importance of medication directives in both HPCT and CPCT for effective palliative care.