tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Factors Based on Clinicopathological Data Among the Patients with Resected Peripheral Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung
Authors: Tomonari Kinoshita, Takashi Ohtsuka, Tai Hato, Taichiro Goto, Ikuo Kamiyama, Atsushi Tajima, Katsura Emoto, Yuichiro Hayashi, Mitsutomo Kohno
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Although the incidence of peripheral squamous cell carcinomas (p-SqCCs) of the lung has increased over recent years, clinicopathological factors influencing prognosis of resected p-SqCCs remain unclear.We examined 280 patients who underwent complete resection of SqCCs and analyzed the clinicopathological features in relation to their overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) according to the primary location.Multivariate analysis of all stages of p-SqCCs patients revealed that high serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) level (OS; p < 0.01, RFS; p < 0.01), vascular invasion (OS; p < 0.01, RFS; p < 0.01), pleural invasion (OS; p = 0.03, RFS; p = 0.01), nodal metastasis (OS; p = 0.02) and complication with lung disease (OS; p < 0.01) were independently unfavorable prognostic factors. Among stage I p-SqCCs patients, high serum SCC level (OS; p < 0.01, RFS; p < 0.01), vascular invasion (RFS; p < 0.01) and pleural invasion (RFS; p = 0.01) were also strongly correlated with poor prognosis independently. When we reevaluated the survival rate, T1 p-SqCCs with high serum SCC level or vascular invasion can be upgraded to T2a. Patients with stage IB had a significantly poorer prognosis than stage IA (5-year RFS; 61.4 % versus 76.6 %, p < 0.05).High serum SCC level, pleural and vascular invasions were independent poor prognostic factors for completely resected p-SqCCs. T1 p-SqCCs with high serum SCC level or vascular invasion should be upgraded to T2a, which accurately reflect survival status among patients with p-SqCCs.
Involvement of protein kinase C, phospholipase C, and protein tyrosine kinase pathways in oxygen radical generation by asbestos-stimulated alveolar macrophage.
Authors: Y Lim, S H Kim, K A Kim, M W Oh, K H Lee
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Although asbestos stimulates oxygen radical generation in alveolar macrophages, the exact mechanism is still not clear. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of three asbestos fibers (amosite, chrysotile, and crocidolite) to generate oxygen radicals in macrophages and examine the mechanism of this action. All asbestos fibers were able to induce chemiluminescence but chrysotile induced maximal chemiluminescence at higher concentrations than amosite and crocidolite. Protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors (sphingosine and staurosporine) suppressed the ability of asbestos to induce oxygen radical generation. Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors (U73122 and neomycin) and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors (erbstatin and genistein) decreased oxygen radical generation of asbestos-stimulated alveolar macrophages. Oxygen radical generation was not suppressed by an adenylate cyclase activator (forskolin), a protein kinase A inhibitor (H-8), and a protein serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitor (okadaic acid). PLC and PTK inhibitors suppressed the increment of phosphoinositide turnover by amosite. These results suggest that asbestos fibers induce the generation of oxygen radicals through PTK, PLC, and PKC pathways in a dose-response pattern.
Reducing Hospitalizations in Nursing Home Patients With Pneumonia
Authors: Joseph M. Mylotte
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mortality of American Indian and Alaska Native Infants
Authors: Everett R. Rhoades, George Brenneman, Jerry Lyle, Aaron Handler
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (1992)

Accurate determination of infant mortality rates among Indians in seriously hampered by variations in the identification of Indian persons and use of different subsets of the Indian population for various purposes. Lack of consistency in the reporting of racial origin on birth and death records is a source of substantial error. Because of these factors, more than the usual care must attend comparisons and inferences drawn from data in which these differences are present. At present, it would seem prudent to regard all data about American Indians as provisional. Even though Indian infant mortality remains higher than that for US all races, regardless of techniques used for estimates, the decline of Indian infant mortality by more than 80% since the establishment of the IHS is a truly remarkable achievement. This success has been ascribed to a combination of activities, including the provision of safe drinking water, especially as an integral part of the IHS program; the nearly universal immunization of Indian children; and emphasis upon comprehensive, community-oriented programs focused on maternal and child care. These successes have contributed to changes in the distribution of the leading causes of Indian infant mortality, so that the most prominent causes now are SIDS, congenital anomalies, injuries, and various infections. Because of these changes and advances in knowledge, the IHS has recently revised its five-year plan for dealing with infant mortality to provide greater attention to injuries and infections and has embarked upon a series of discussions with the American Academy of Pediatrics to address postneonatal deaths and the difficult problem of SIDS. Low socioeconomic conditions, so important in influencing mortality rates (7, 14, 29), have thus far proved to be intractable. In the meantime, success will depend upon ensuring optimal prenatal care, reducing those risk factors amenable to correction, and solving the problem of SIDS.
Changes in cellular ferritin content during myeloid differentiation of human leukemic cell lines
Authors: Eitan Fibach, Abraham M. Konijn, Eliezer A. Rachmilewitz
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract The human promyelocytic cell lines HL‐60 can be induced to undergo differentiation to either granulocyte‐ or macrophagelike cells. We followed the changes in the synthesis and content of ferritin in this and other cell lines during differentiation. Ferritin content of HL‐60 cells ranged from 11 to 81 fg/cell, depending on the clone tested. Following exposure to dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or retinoic acid (RA) an increase in ferritin and a decrease in total protein synthesis was observed, resulting in increased ferritin content, reaching a peak after 2 days. This increase occurred prior to the appearance of the typical morphological and functional characteristics of mature granulocytes. A correlation was found between concentrations of DMSO effective in inducing differentiation and the increase in ferritin content. Other inducers of granulocyte differentiation had a similar effect, while 12‐0‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA), an inducer of macrophage differentiation, had not. Another human cell line (U‐937), which was induced into monocytelike cells by RA, showed a twofold increase in ferritin content following differentiation. Addition of iron to the culture medium increased ferritin content of both differentiating and nondifferentiating cells, but the former responded to lower concentrations of iron. The increase in ferritin during differentiation, however, was not related to an accelerated iron uptake. The present results suggest that changes in the intracellular ferritin of the developing myeloid cells may play a regulating role in the process of maturation of these cells.
Poverty Shift May Burden Health System
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Microheterogeneity of acute-phase glycoproteins in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: P Hrycaj, K Wurm, P Mennet, W Muller
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

This study was designed to investigate qualitative changes in the carbohydrate side-chains of two acute-phase glycoproteins, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), in 37 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The glycosylation profile of AGP and ACT was studied using affinity immunoelectrophoresis with the lectin concanavalin A (conA). Serum concentration of soluble receptor for interleukin-2 (sIL-2R) and activity of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzyme kinetic assay, respectively. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis and nephelometric assay were used to determine serum concentration of AGP, ACT and C-reactive protein (CRP). In 11 patients with active disease, a decreased reactivity of AGP with conA was found as compared with controls (n = 44) and patients with nonactive sarcoidosis (n = 26). A similar tendency was seen with ACT. In the same group, increased concentrations of serum AGP and higher levels of sIL-2R were detected compared with patients with nonactive sarcoidosis. In the entire sarcoidosis group, there was a negative correlation between ACE activity and AGP and ACT affinity for conA (r = -0.6358, and r = -0.5019, respectively) and a positive correlation with sIL-2R level (r = 0.8241). In nine patients with elevated concentrations of serum CRP, no differences were found in disease activity and glycosylation profile of AGP and ACT when compared to patients with normal serum CRP. The results suggest that in active pulmonary sarcoidosis changes in the glycosylation pattern of acute-phase glycoproteins exist, which are similar in trend and magnitude to those found in other chronic inflammatory diseases. The synthesis and glycosylation of acute-phase proteins in pulmonary sarcoidosis are probably regulated independently.
PROTEIN THERAPY IN INSANITY
Authors: J. R. B. Robb
Journal: BMJ (1930)

anaemia prevents healing from takina place.The pain caused bv the unhealed mucous membrane sets up a reflex spasm of the sphincter, and a -vicious circle-is thus produced.--Chronic Cases.The late results of all these conditions are niot uln- commonly seen.Fissures and ulcers have lhealed over by.:
Identification of Duplicated Fourth α2-Adrenergic Receptor Subtype by Cloning and Mapping of Five Receptor Genes in Zebrafish
Authors: Jori O. Ruuskanen, Henri Xhaard, Anne Marjamäki, Erik Salaneck, Tiina Salminen, Yi-Lin Yan, John H. Postlethwait, Mark S. Johnson, Dan Larhammar, Mika Scheinin
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2004)

The α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-ARs) belong to the large family of rhodopsinlike G-protein–coupled receptors that share a common structure of seven transmembrane (TM) α-helices. The aims of this study were (1) to determine the number of α2-AR genes in a teleost fish, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), (2) to study the gene duplication events that generated the α2-AR subtypes, and (3) to study changes in receptor structure that have occurred since the divergence of the mammalian and fish lineages. Here, we report the cloning and chromosomal mapping of fish orthologs for all three mammalian α2-ARs. In addition, we identified a fourth α2-AR subtype with two duplicates in zebrafish. Chromosomal mapping showed that the zebrafish α2-AR genes are located within conserved chromosomal segments, consistent with the origin of the four α2-AR subtypes by two rounds of chromosome or block duplication before the divergence of the ray fin fish and tetrapod lineages. Thus, the fourth subtype has apparently been present in the common ancestor of vertebrates but has been deleted or is yet to be identified in mammals. The overall percentage identity between the fish and mammalian orthologs is 53% to 67%, and in the TM regions 80% to 87%. These values are clearly lower than what is observed between mammalian orthologs. Still, all of the residues thought to be important for α2-adrenergic ligand binding are conserved across species and subtypes, and even the most divergent regions of the fish receptors show clear "molecular fingerprints" typical for orthologs of a given subtype.
Health Experts to Youth: Don't Give Tobacco a Start
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE YOUTH FACTOR is receiving increasing attention in antitobacco efforts. There are many programs, such as the American Cancer Society's "Great American Smokeout" each November, that seek to convince tobacco users to quit. While these efforts of course will continue, antitobacco forces also hope to dissuade any would-be tobacco users, especially young people, from even starting the practice (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;269:1333-1354, 1356). In fact, there may be as many as 2.2 million US teenaged smokers. The American Heart Association is using that figure for the population group aged 12 through 17 years and citing estimates suggesting that as many as 3000 youngsters each day start smoking in this country (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:806). M. Joycelyn Elders, MD, surgeon general of the US Public Health Service, has indicated that her annual report— the 30th in the series of surgeon general reports on tobacco's dangers to health— this month will focus on youth and tobacco.
The Rate of Bone Mineral Loss in Normal Men and the Effects of Calcium and Cholecalciferol Supplementation
Authors: Eric S. Orwoll
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Objective: To determine the rate of bone loss in normal men, and to examine the effects of dietary calcium and cholecalciferol supplementation on bone loss in men. Design: Double-blinded, placebo-controlled 3-year trial of supplementation with calcium (1000 mg/d) and cholecalciferol (25 µg/d). Setting: Clinical research center at a university medical facility. Subjects: Normal men 30 to 87 years old, recruited from the Portland community. Measurements and Main Results: Radial bone mineral content (assessed by single-photon absorptiometry) fell by 1.0%/y (95% CI, —1.3% to 0.7%) at a proximal radial site and 1.0%/y (95% CI, —1.4% to —0.6%) at a distal radial site. Vertebral bone mineral content (assessed by dual-energy quantitative computed tomography) declined by 2.3%/y (95% CI, —2.8% to -1.8%). In these healthy men with a high basal dietary calcium intake (1159 mg/d), calcium and cholecalciferol supplementation did not affect bone loss at any site. Conclusions: Normal men experience a substantial bone loss at both axial and appendicular sites that is not prevented by calcium and vitamin D supplementation in a well-nourished population.
Comparison of Acute Daytime and Nocturnal Insulinization on Diurnal Glucose Homeostasis in NIDDM
Authors: Ilpo Puhakainen, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Hannele Yki-Järvinen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE The question of whether to use insulin in the evening or in the morning during combination therapy in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is controversial. We compared the acute effects of 12-h nocturnal or daytime insulin infusions on the 24-h glucose profile in 20 patients with NIDDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS NIDDM patients were 56 ± 2 (mean ± SE) years of age and had a body mass index of 29.6 ±1.1 kg/m2; fasting plasma glucose concentration of 12.2 ± 0.5 mM; and fasting C-peptide concentration of 0.9 ± 0.2 nM. Each patient was studied twice. On one occasion, the patient received a 12-h intravenous infusion of insulin (mean 1.5 ± 0.1 1U/h) during the day, and on the other occasion an identical dose of insulin was infused during the night. Blood glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and free fatty acid concentrations were determined for 24 h. RESULTS The mean 24-h free insulin concentrations were similar in both studies (150 ± 12 vs. 162 ± 12 pM, daytime versus nocturnal insulin infusion). The mean 24-h free fatty acid concentration was 18% lower in the nocturnal than in the daytime (309 ± 30 vs. 376 ± 30 μM, P &amp;lt; 0.001) insulin infusion study. The mean 24-h C-peptide concentration was less suppressed if insulin was infused overnight than during the day (1.3 ± 0.2 vs. 1.1 ± 0.2 nM, P &amp;lt; 0.01). The mean 24-h plasma glucose concentrations were identical in both studies (11.1 ±0.6 vs. 11.4 ± 0.7 mM, daytime versus nocturnal insulin infusion). We also searched for factors predicting the decrease in the blood glucose concentration during the nocturnal insulin infusion. The best predictors were a high initial blood glucose concentration at 2200 and a low fasting C-peptide concentration. These factors explained, independent of each other, 50% of the rate of decrease in the plasma glucose concentration. CONCLUSIONS Despite better suppression of lipolysis and less suppression of endogenous insulin secretion by nocturnal than daytime insulinization, the hypoglycemic effect of these two treatments is similar.
Histidinemia in Identical Twins with Speech Defect.
Authors: Billy F. Andrews, Charles R. Angel, William M. Walter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Histidinemia in Identical Twins with Speech Defect.Billy F. Andrews, Charles R. Angel, William M. Walter Jr.Billy F. AndrewsSearch for more papers by this author, Charles R. AngelSearch for more papers by this author, William M. Walter Jr.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-718_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAs a result of mass testing for phenylketonuria in infants and retarded children with the urinary ferric chloride test, a new entity, histidinemia, was described by Ghadimi and associates in 1961. Auerbach and associates, after histidine and urocanic acid loading studies in a patient and the determination of urinary metabolites, proposed that the enzymatic defect could be in liver histidase. In the absence of conversion of histidine to urocanic acid, excessive amounts of histidine are transaminated to imidazolepyruvic acid, which is responsible for the green color reaction in the urinary ferric chloride test. La Du demonstrated absence of skin histidase... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 718-718KeywordsChildrenChloridesInfantsLiverMetabolitesMonozygotic twinsPhenylketonuria Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Histone Demethylase UTX-1 Regulates C. elegans Life Span by Targeting the Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Chunyu Jin, Jing Li, Christopher D. Green, Xiaoming Yu, Xia Tang, Dali Han, Bo Xian, Dan Wang, Xinxin Huang, Xiongwen Cao, Zheng Yan, Lei Hou, Jiancheng Liu, Nicholas Shukeir, Philipp Khaitovich, Charlie D. Chen, Hong Zhang, Thomas Jenuwein, Jing-Dong J. Han
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Plasma Glucose at Hospital Admission and Previous Metabolic Control Determine Myocardial Infarct Size and Survival in Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Juris J. Meier, Silvia Deifuss, Andreas Klamann, Volker Launhardt, Wolff H. Schmiegel, Michael A. Nauck
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Hyperglycemia at the time of hospital admission has been associated with shorter survival after acute myocardial infarction in patients both with and without diabetes (1–5). It is not fully understood whether this is due to the acute development of stress hyperglycemia or to the quality of long-term metabolic control before the event (6). Moreover, the mechanisms by which hyperglycemia in the postinfarction period affects survival are largely unknown. In the present study, the LAMBDA (Langendreer Myocardial Infarction and Blood Glucose in Diabetic Patients Assessment) database was used to investigate the influence of acute (plasma glucose determined on admission) and long-term (HbA1c [A1C]) glycemic control on the size of myocardial necroses and prospective long-term survival after >3.5 years.

Clinical data of all patients admitted to the Department of Medicine of Ruhr-University, Knappschafts-Krankenhaus, Bochum (Langendreer), between 1 January 1991 and 30 June 1997 who were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction were collected as described (4,7). All patients, their nearest spouses, and the responsible general practitioners were contacted after >3.5 years to obtain information on the vital status. In the present analysis, data from 227 type 2 diabetic and 287 nondiabetic patients were examined. Both groups were divided in tertiles according to the plasma glucose concentrations determined at hospital admission. All creatine kinase (CK) activities (including CKMB [muscle/brain]) were determined twice daily at 12-h intervals in each patient. All patients received standard clinical care including monitoring …