tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2478: Early and enhanced development of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-induced hamster pancreatic adenocarcinomas by high-fat diet
Authors: Mami Takahashi, Mika Hori, Tsukasa Kitahashi, Toshio Imai, Rikako Ishigamori, Shinji Takasu, Michihiro Mutoh, Takashi Sugimura, Keiji Wakabayashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epidemiologically, obesity is associated with pancreatic cancer risk, but the mechanisms of obesity-associated carcinogenesis have not yet been clearly understood. Hypertrophic white adipose tissues secrete many adipokines and inflammatory factors, which are expected to enhance cancer development. Syrian golden hamsters, which are used in pancreatic carcinogenesis studies, are in a hyperlipidemic state even under normal diet conditions. We previously have shown that pioglitazone, a PPAR γ ligand, improves hyperlipidemia and suppresses N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (BOP)-induced pancreatic ductal carcinoma development. In the present study, effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on hyperlipidemia and pancreatic carcinogenesis in BOP-treated hamsters were examined. Six-week-old female Syrian golden hamsters were subcutaneously injected with BOP (10 mg/kg body weight) four times in a week and from 8 weeks of age, the animals in the HFD groups were fed Quick Fat Diet (CLEA Japan, crude fat 14.3 %) for 6 or 17 weeks. At 14 weeks of age, serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, free fatty acids and leptin were significantly elevated in hamsters fed the HFD, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas were already observed in the BOP + HFD group. Pancreatic fatty infiltration was observed to increase in BOP-treated and HFD-fed hamsters. At 25 weeks of age, serum levels of total cholesterol and free fatty acids were further increased in each group and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas developed both in the BOP + standard diet group and BOP + HFD group. The numbers of dysplasia and adenocarcinomas in the pancreas were significantly higher in the BOP + HFD group than in the BOP + standard diet group. Apparent fatty infiltration was observed in relatively large adenocarcinomas in the BOP + HFD group. In conclusion, the HFD aggravated the hyperlipidemia, shortened the latency periods of cancer and increased numbers of BOP-induced pancreatic precancerous lesions and adenocarcinomas. Fatty infiltration was apparent in the pancreas of the HFD group and may be associated with pancreatic cancer development in hamsters. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2478.
Manometric assessment of oesophageal involvement in progressive systemic sclerosis, morphoea and Raynaud's disease
Authors: T.R. WEIHRAUCH, G.W. KORTING
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1982)

Oesophageal function was studied by radiography and manometry in fifty-one patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), fourteen patients with morphoea, twelve patients with Raynaud's disease and twenty-one normal subjects. Upper oesophageal sphincter pressure was not affected. Peristaltic contractions of the upper third of the oesophagus were significantly decreased in PSS and morphoea, but the lower two-thirds were affected only in PSS. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure was significantly decreased in PSS but was normal in morphoea and Raynaud's disease. There was a significant correlation between oesophageal dysfunction and the duration of PSS. Manometry was better than radiography at detecting motor abnormalities, with a positivity of 86% compared with 66% for radiography. Oesophageal manometry should be employed routinely in the investigation of patients with suspected PSS or morphoea.
Vascular Surgery: Principles and Techniques
Authors: Norman R. Hertzer
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Throughout their long and distinguished careers, it must have crossed the minds of many of the pioneers in the craft of vascular surgery to someday write a book based largely, if not exclusively, on their own, very special experience. Surprisingly few of them ever did (an oversight apparently not to be repeated by the editors of a rash of recent multiauthored texts in this field), but Henry Haimovici of New York has collected his work into a volume that may prove to be as durable as he is. Although he solicited contributions from his current associates at the Montefiore Hospital and Medical Center as well as from a number of old friends elsewhere, Haimovici personally is responsible for 34 of the 71 chapters in this expanded (nearly 1,200 pages) second edition of a book originally published in 1976. A reference to some of his original observations regarding arterial emboli in
Low systolic blood pressure and self perceived wellbeing in middle aged men.
Authors: A Rosengren, G Tibblin, L Wilhelmsen
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the relation between systolic blood pressure and self perceived wellbeing in 50 year old men. DESIGN--Cross sectional population study of data derived from questionnaires and physical examination as a part of a cardiovascular risk factor survey. SETTING--City of Gothenburg, Sweden. STUDY POPULATION--776 men from a random population sample of 1016 men aged 50. METHODS--Self perceived wellbeing according to the Gothenburg quality of life questionnaire, which is an assessment of social, physical, and mental wellbeing in 15 different areas. MAIN RESULTS--Low systolic blood pressure was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) related to impaired social wellbeing in four areas: work, home and family, financial situation, and housing. Of the items dealing with physical wellbeing, health, memory, and appetite were significantly related to blood pressure. As regards mental wellbeing, energy and self confidence were significantly related to systolic blood pressure. Diastolic blood pressure was significantly related to housing, memory, energy, patience, and self confidence. In multiple regression analyses that controlled for smoking, stress, physical activity, social activity, and emotional support, poor social, physical, and mental wellbeing were all significantly related to low systolic blood pressure independently of other factors. Low diastolic blood pressure was independently associated with poor physical and mental, but not social, wellbeing. CONCLUSION--Low systolic blood pressure was associated with poor perception of wellbeing in several areas. The cause is unclear.
Medicine as a Science: Pathology
Authors: Orville T. Bailey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN REVIEWING the progress of pathology during the first half of this century, it seems more in-teresting to consider the changes in viewpoint and emphasis that have taken place in this branch of medical science than to list a specific group of outstanding publications. Since the field of pathology is that which deals with the responses of living tissues to unfavorable influences, it serves as a focal point, contributing to and receiving contributions from nearly every other field of medicine, as well as from physics, chemistry and biology. Along with remarkable changes in its related sciences, pathology has undergone so . . .
Impact of arachidonic versus eicosapentaenoic acid on exotonin-induced lung vascular leakage: relation to 4-series versus 5-series leukotriene generation.
Authors: F Grimminger, H Wahn, K Mayer, L Kiss, D Walmrath, W Seeger
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Escherichia coli hemolysin (HlyA) is a proteinaceous pore-forming exotoxin that is implicated as a significant pathogenicity factor in extraintestinal E. coli infections including sepsis. In perfused rabbit lungs, subcytolytic concentrations of the toxin evoke thromboxane-mediated vasoconstriction and prostanoid-independent protracted vascular permeability increase (11). In the present study, the influence of submicromolar concentrations of free arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the HlyA-induced leakage response was investigated. HlyA at concentration from 0.02 to 0.06 hemolytic units/ml provoked a dose-dependent, severalfold increase in the capillary filtration coefficient (Kfc), accompanied by the release of leukotriene(LT)B4, LTC4, and LTE4 into the recirculating buffer fluid. Simultaneous application of 100 nmol/L AA markedly augmented the HlyA-elicited leakage response, concomitant with an amplification of LTB4 release and a change in the kinetics of cysteinyl-LT generation. In contrast, 50 to 200 nmol/L EPA suppressed in a dose-dependent manner the HlyA-induced increase in Kfc values. This was accompanied by a blockage of 4-series LT generation and a dose-dependent appearance of LTB5, LTC5, and LTE5. In addition, EPA fully antagonized the AA-induced amplification of the HlyA-provoked Kfc increase, again accompanied by a shift from 4-series to 5-series LT generation. We conclude that the vascular leakage provoked by HlyA in rabbit lungs is differentially influenced by free AA versus free EPA, related to the generation of 4- versus 5-series leukotrienes. The composition of lipid emulsions used for parenteral nutrition may thus influence inflammatory capillary leakage.
Purchasers, professionals, and public health
Authors: A Harris, J Shapiro
Journal: BMJ (1994)

What messages do these reports have for paediatricians?Firstly, they need a high level of suspicion that HIV infection may underlie severe respiratory distress in infants.Secondly, they should be aware that careful follow up and early reporting of symptoms are better than a blanket reliance on prophylaxis against pneumonia in children who may have been infected perinatally.Thirdly, they need to know that different types of the human immunodeficiency retroviral family will act differently and that proper counselling will increasingly depend on laboratory findings in individual families.Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, they need to appreciate that having a baby still ranks high in the lives of people blighted by HIV infection.More research is needed to help couples desiring pregnancy to achieve this with the lowest possible risk to the baby, despite the ominous long term problems likely to be associated with the premature death of one or both parents.
Saatchi bill passes in Lords but faces opposition and time pressure in Commons
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A private member’s bill to give extra legal protection to doctors in England and Wales who try experimental treatments has been passed by the House of Lords.

The Medical Innovation Bill has been sent to the House of Commons where, despite government support for its principles, there are serious doubts that it will have time to complete all its stages and become law before parliament rises at the end of March for the general election.

The bill, sponsored by the Conservative peer Maurice Saatchi, whose wife died from ovarian cancer, has been criticised by medical …
Cellular localization of endothelin-1 and increased production in liver injury in the rat: Potential for autocrine and paracrine effects on stellate cells
Authors: Don C. Rockey, Laura Fouassier, John J. Chung, Alain Carayon, Patrick Vallée, Colette Rey, Chantal Housset
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Endothelin (ET) peptides have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several biological processes within the liver. ET levels are elevated in the circulation of patients with cirrhosis, and recent data suggest that ET may be overproduced in the liver itself in this condition. The aims of the current study were to elucidate the cellular source and expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in normal and injured liver, and to investigate its biological effects on stellate cells, the primary target of ETs in the liver. In normal hepatic cells, preproET-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) was detected in only nonparenchymal cells, predominantly in sinusoidal endothelial cells. After biliary fibrosis and early cirrhosis induced by bile duct ligation, preproET-1 mRNA and immunoreactive ET levels increased with progressive injury in whole liver extracts, as well as in isolated stellate and endothelial cell fractions. Eight days after bile duct ligation, the relative increase in preproET-1 mRNA was 1.6- and 7.6-fold above normal in sinusoidal endothelial and stellate cells, respectively. Additionally, immunoreactive ET peptide levels increased by 60% ± 27% over basal values in sinusoidal endothelial cells and 98% ± 40% in stellate cells. Cultured stellate cells responded dramatically to exogenous ET-1 by the spreading and up-regulation of smooth muscle α actin expression. Furthermore, in early culture before cellular activation, ET-1 (10 nmol/L) caused over a twofold increase in [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation, while activated cells (i.e., those cultured for &gt;1 week) exposed to ET-1 exhibited up to a fivefold decrease in [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation. The data indicate that not only is ET-1 overproduced by both sinusoidal endothelial and stellate cells during liver injury, but that it also has potent effects on features of stellate cell activation. We conclude that autocrine and paracrine production of ET-1 is prominent and is likely to be important in the pathogenesis of hepatic diseases.
Incorporation of CXCR4 into membrane lipid rafts primes homing-related responses of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to an SDF-1 gradient
Authors: Marcin Wysoczynski, Ryan Reca, Janina Ratajczak, Magda Kucia, Neeta Shirvaikar, Marek Honczarenko, Michael Mills, Jens Wanzeck, Anna Janowska-Wieczorek, Mariusz Z. Ratajczak
Journal: Blood (2004)
Single and two-dimensional echocardiographic visualization of the effects of septal myectomy in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.
Authors: J N Schapira, D R Stemple, R P Martin, H Rakowski, E B Stinson, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Although the postoperative hemodynamic and echocardiographic features of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis have been studied, the expected consistent postoperative thinning of the interventricular septum has not been reported. In this study, the short-term effects of septal myectomy were evaluated in 16 patients. All patients were assessed with pre- and postoperative hemodynamic studies and M-mode echocardiograms, and six of the 16 patients had pre- and postoperative two-dimensional echocardiograms. The mean resting preoperative gradient of 74 mm Hg (range 10--190 mm Hg), which fell to a mean resting postoperative gradient of 8 mm Hg (range 0--25 mm Hg), was associated with decreased end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness at the midventricular level in 14 of 16 patients and at the subaortic level in 16 of 16 patients by M-mode echocardiography. The group also demonstrated changes in left ventricular outflow tract configuration and dimension, mitral valve systolic anterior motion, mitral E-F0 slope and left ventricular percent fractional shortening by both M-mode and two-dimensional studies. In the two patients who did not show midventricular septal thinning on M-mode echocardiography, the two-dimensional echocardiograms revealed that the area of myectomy extended only through the subaortic region and not down to the midventricular septum. Thus, we have observed consistent postmyectomy septal thinning at both the midventricular and subaortic levels by M-mode echo. By defining the geometry of the septal myectomy in vivo with two-dimensional echocardiography, we can better interpret M-mode studies and identify factors that influence echocardiographic visualization of the region of myectomy.
Platelet aggregation and HDL cholesterol are predictive of acute coronary events in heart transplant recipients.
Authors: M de Lorgeril, P Boissonnat, N Mamelle, J L Martin, I Monjaud, J Guidollet, G Dureau, J Ninet, S Renaud
Journal: Circulation (1994)

Sudden death (SD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are the main complications limiting long-term survival after heart transplantation (HT). They are unpredictable and, at present, unpreventable. Platelet aggregation (PA) has recently emerged as a significant prognostic indicator in nontransplanted coronary disease patients. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate to what extent PA could predict SD and AMI in long-term survivors of HT independently of serum lipid levels.We studied 207 patients. All received triple immunosuppressive therapy. During follow-up, the incidence of SD and AMI was determined, and the independent role of PA as predictor was evaluated with other usual risk factors by a Cox multivariate regression model. There were 11 SDs and 14 AMIs after an average follow-up of 642 days, giving an average incidence rate of 7.3 events per year per hundred patients. By univariate analysis, the most potent predictors were ADP-induced platelet aggregation (positive association) and total cholesterol (negative association). Age and length of time since transplant were not predictors. By multivariate analysis, only the secondary wave of ADP-induced platelet aggregation (P = .001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .03) were independent predictors. The relative risk of SD or AMI based on a comparison between patients with high (> 36%) or low (< 36%) ADP-induced platelet aggregation was 4.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.9 to 9.5, P = .0001).This study provides the first demonstration of an association between increased platelet aggregation and subsequent SD or AMI in HT recipients. It suggests that platelets and thrombosis also are implicated in the pathogenesis of AMI and SD in HT recipients. Identification of a safe and effective antiplatelet therapy should be actively pursued.
Antibiotics for Children With Acute Otitis Media—Reply
Authors: Michael E. Pichichero
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Case of Glioma of the Centrum Semiovale of the Right Parietal Lobe
Authors: HERMON C. GORDINIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1929)

Article1 February 1929A Case of Glioma of the Centrum Semiovale of the Right Parietal LobeHERMON C. GORDINIER, A.M., M.D., F.A.C.P.HERMON C. GORDINIER, A.M., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-8-815 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTumors involving the white matter of the parietal lobe are not common, and relatively rare are those of an infiltrating type that involve by direct pressure or actual destruction the sensory or motor neurons of the corona radiata or internal capsule.The case of tumor herein recorded, therefore, is interesting because its location and growth was such that it gradually involved by pressure and in-growth the fibers of the foot of the corona radiata and those of the posterior part of the dorsal limb of the right internal capsule. It implicated in a most selective manner the thalamocortical sensory path... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Troy, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1929Volume 2, Issue 8Page: 815-821KeywordsGliomaMotor neurons Issue Published: 1 February 1929 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tuberculin positive children.
Authors: K Citron
Journal: Thorax (1992)

Tuberculin positive childrenChildren have been routinely tuberculin tested as a screening procedure during the school BCG vaccination programme in Britain since 1952.The test is generally made with the Heafmultiple puncture apparatus.The fixed head Heaf gun requires disinfection by immersion in alcohol followed by ignition of the spirit before each test to prevent cross infection.'A new disposable head apparatus (Bignell 2000) is now available and is the method of choice as it eliminates the risk of crossinfection and is simple and accurate in tus is appve joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation and an explanatory video has been produced by the Department of Health.2The proportion of schoolchildren aged 1013 years found to be tuberculin positive has declined over the years and in 1988 averaged 5% in England.Unexpectedly high proportions of positive reactors are found occasionally in schools, possibly owing to variations in the proportion of Asian immigrants or of children who have been vaccinated at birth.When no reason is evident it is wise to repeat the Heaf test to check the validity of thd_reading before
Liberal Democrats vent opposition to health reforms in England but fail to "kill the bill"
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Liberal Democrats at their spring conference in Gateshead on Sunday 11 March voted themselves into an ambiguous position over the Health and Social Care Bill after plans to vote on a motion to “kill the bill” were ambushed by an alternative debate in which activists voted to remove their support for peers to back the legislation.

The original motion, put forward by Charles West, an NHS doctor, and the former MP Evan Harris called on the Liberal Democrats to demand that the government withdraw the bill. However, Shirley Williams, who has worked to secure hundreds of amendments during the bill’s passage through the House of Lords, tabled a rival motion calling on peers to back the bill if more changes were made to the legislation.

By virtue of the alternative voting system, in which delegates ranked the …
The Influence of the Small Rural Hospital on the Advancement of Surgery in the New England States
Authors: Edward H. Risley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

AS you have chosen your president from one of the smaller communities, it seems fitting that I confine my remarks to the progress of surgery in this type of community.I should like to discuss a subject in which I have been greatly interested for a number of years — The Influence of the Rapid and Efficient Development of the Small Community Hospital on the Advancement of Surgery in the New England States.I refer to the smaller hospitals — those that do not have nurses' training schools and are not large enough to employ interns.I think I can . . .