tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outcome Criteria in Psychotherapy Research
Authors: Cavin P. Leeman
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 Outcome Criteria in Psychotherapy Research Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Cavin P. Leeman Cavin P. Leeman Boston University School of Medicine and Framingham Union Hospital, Framingham, Mass. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1975) 25 (1-6): 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286871 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Cavin P. Leeman; Outcome Criteria in Psychotherapy Research. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1975; 25 (1-6): 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286871 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1975Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
A crackling (rice crispies) and blowing chest
Authors: S. Di Saverio, A. Biscardi, N. Smerieri, K. Kawamukai, G. Tugnoli
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In Reason9s safety model, high-reliability healthcare organisations are characterised by multiple layers of defensive barriers in depth associated with increased levels of safety in the care delivery system. However, there is very little empirical evidence describing and defining defensive barriers in healthcare settings or systematic analysis documenting the nature of breaches in these barriers. This study uses in situ simulation to identify defensive barriers and classify the nature of active and latent breaches in these barriers. <h3>Methods</h3> An in situ simulation methodology was used to study team performance during obstetrics emergencies. The authors conducted 46 trials of in situ simulated obstetrics emergencies in two phases at six different hospitals involving 823 physicians, nurses and support staff from January 2006 to February 2008. These six hospitals included a university teaching hospital, two suburban community hospitals and three rural hospitals. The authors created a high-fidelity simulation by developing scenarios based on actual sentinel events. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 965 breaches were identified by participants in 46 simulation trials. Of the 965 breaches, 461 (47.8%) were classified as latent conditions, and 494 (51.2%) were classified as active failures. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In Reason9s model, all sentinel events involve a breached protective layer. Understanding how protective layers breakdown is the first step to ensure patient safety and establish a high reliability. These findings suggest where to invest resources to help achieve a high reliability. In situ simulation helps recognise and remedy both active failures and latent conditions before they combine to cause bad outcomes.
At least 80 people have died in Crimea since Russian law banned opioid substitutes, says UN special envoy
Authors: R. Hurley
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Between 80 and 100 people who relied on opioid substitution for drug dependency treatment have died since May 2014, when authorities in Crimea suddenly closed all 11 treatment programmes, the United Nations’ special envoy for HIV and AIDS in Eastern Europe and Central Asia has said.

Some 800 people had been caused “intense and unnecessary suffering,” with “severe withdrawal symptoms,” Michel Kazatchkine told journalists in a telephone briefing from Geneva on 20 January. More than 40% of the 806 people who had been enrolled in substitution treatment programmes in Crimea had tested positive for HIV, he said, and “the vast majority, if not all” had returned to injecting illicit drugs. This practice is the primary driver of the high prevalence of HIV infection in Ukraine and Russia.1 2

Six weeks at …
A novel FIP1L1‐PDGFRA mutant destabilizing the inactive conformation of the kinase domain in chronic eosinophilic leukemia/hypereosinophilic syndrome
Authors: S. Salemi, S. Yousefi, D. Simon, I. Schmid, L. Moretti, L. Scapozza, H.‐U. Simon
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Background: The Fip1‐like‐1–platelet‐derived growth factor receptor alpha (FIP1L1‐PDGFRA) gene fusion is a common cause of chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL)/hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), and patients suffering from this particular subgroup of CEL/HES respond to low‐dose imatinib therapy. However, some patients may develop imatinib resistance because of an acquired T674I mutation, which is believed to prevent drug binding through steric hindrance. Methods: In an imatinib resistant FIP1L1‐PDGFRA positive patient, we analyzed the molecular structure of the fusion gene and analyzed the effect of several kinase inhibitors on FIP1L1‐PDGFRA‐mediated proliferative responses in vitro . Results: Sequencing of the FIP1L1‐PDGFRA fusion gene revealed the occurrence of a S601P mutation, which is located within the nucleotide binding loop. In agreement with the clinical observations, imatinib did not inhibit the proliferation of S601P mutant FIP1L1‐PDGFRA‐transduced Ba/F3 cells. Moreover, sorafenib, which has been described to inhibit T674I mutant FIP1L1‐PDGFRA, failed to block S601P mutant FIP1L1‐PDGFRA. Structural modeling revealed that the newly identified S601P mutated form of PDGFRA destabilizes the inactive conformation of the kinase domain that is necessary to bind imatinib as well as sorafenib. Conclusions: We identified a novel mutation in FIP1L1‐PDGFRA resulting in both imatinib and sorafenib resistance. The identification of novel drug‐resistant FIP1L1‐PDGFRA variants may help to develop the next generation of target‐directed compounds for CEL/HES and other leukemias.
Response to multidrug resistant tuberculosis has been too slow
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Global efforts to scale up treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are being hampered by weak government action, a lack of funds, and a sluggish response by international support mechanisms, says a report by three medical advocacy groups.

“We found that a lack of urgency and commitment from governments is a major stumbling block,” said Javid Syed, TB/HIV project director at Treatment Action Group (TAG).

The report, compiled by TAG, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF), and Partners In Health (PIH), examines the challenges faced in three affected countries—South Africa, India, and Russia. It concludes that progress has been slow in the fight against MDR-TB.

Each year the disease infects 440 000 people worldwide, and has killed over 1.5 million people over the past decade, the …
Glucocorticoid‐induced attenuation of mucosal exudation of fibrinogen and bradykinins in seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: C. Svensson, H. Klementsson, M. Andersson, U. Pipkorn, U. Alkner, C. G. A. Persson
Journal: Allergy (1994)

The mucosal plasma exudate with its proteins, enzymes, derived peptides, and matrix molecules is an important factor in inflammatory airway diseases. This study investigated whether topical glucocorticosteroid treatment influences mucosal exudation of bulk plasma (fibrinogen) and the generation of plasma‐derived mediators (bradykinins) in seasonal allergic rhinitis. Twenty‐two patients with birch‐pollen‐induced allergic rhinitis participated in a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study during the birch pollen season in 1989. After a 2‐week run‐in period, the participants received treatment with budesonide (200 μg per nasal cavity and day) or placebo. The patients kept a diary to record their daily nasal symptoms (itching, sneezing, nasal blockage, and secretion). The amount of birch pollen in the air was determined with the aid of a Burkhard pollen trap. A nasal lavage was performed once a week, and the levels of bradykinins and fibrinogen were determined in the lavage fluid samples. The birch pollen season was very mild, resulting in only minor nasal symptoms. In spite of the low pollen exposure, treatment with budesonide reduced the lavage fluid levels of both bradykinins and fibrinogen. The present results show that topical glucocorticosteroid treatment attenuates plasma exudation and the generation of plasma‐derived mediators in seasonal allergic rhinitis. This action may not result from simple vascular antipermeability effects of the drug but may rather reflect the anti‐inflammatory efficacy of topical glucocorticoids in the airway mucosa.
Dioxins and endometriosis: a plausible hypothesis.
Authors: Linda S Birnbaum, Audrey M Cummings
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

A potential connection exists between exposure to organochlorine chemicals and the increasing prevalence of endometriosis. Evidence shows that dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) can increase the incidence and severity of the disease in monkeys and can promote the growth or survival of endometrial tissue implanted into rodents in a surgically induced model of endometriosis. The mechanism of the connection between organochlorine chemicals and endometriosis is not clear. Effects on growth factors, cytokines, and hormones (components of the immune and endocrine systems) are potential means of mediating the possible promotion of endometriosis by dioxins. Studies on epidemiology and on structure-activity relationships of organochlorine chemicals and endometriosis have been additional approaches to this problem. In this regard, toxic equivalence (TEQ) appears to be an important determinant of the effects of organochlorine chemicals on endometriosis. In this article, we review the literature related to endometriosis and dioxins and attempt to integrate the various sources of information that bolster the hypothesis connecting dioxins and endometriosis.
Autophagy is involved in T cell death after binding of HIV-1 envelope proteins to CXCR4
Authors: L. Espert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env), expressed at the cell surface, induce apoptosis of uninfected CD4+ T cells, contributing to the development of AIDS. Here we demonstrate that, independently of HIV replication, transfected or HIV-infected cells that express Env induced autophagy and accumulation of Beclin 1 in uninfected CD4+ T lymphocytes via CXCR4. The same phenomena occurred in a T cell line and in transfected HEK.293 cells that expressed both wild-type CXCR4 and a truncated form of CD4 that is unable to bind the lymphocyte-specific protein kinase Lck. Env-mediated autophagy is required to trigger CD4+ T cell apoptosis since blockade of autophagy at different steps, by either drugs (3-methyladenine and bafilomycin A1) or siRNAs specific for Beclin 1/Atg6 and Atg7 genes, totally inhibited the apoptotic process. Furthermore, CD4+ T cells still underwent Env-mediated cell death with autophagic features when apoptosis was inhibited. These results suggest that HIV-infected cells can induce autophagy in bystander CD4+ T lymphocytes through contact of Env with CXCR4, leading to apoptotic cell death, a mechanism most likely contributing to immunodeficiency.
Influence of viable myocardium on long term prognosis after uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Mina Radosavljevic, Zorana Vasiljevic, Nebojsa Radovanovic, A. Karadzic, Vladan Vukcevic, Igor Mrdovic, Ana Dikic‐Djordjevic
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
GUNSHOT WOUNDS OF THE CHEST IN CIVILIAN PRACTICE
Authors: Max T. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Many excellent reports have been published concerning the care of thoracic wounds during World War II and the Korean conflict, but little has appeared recently about civilian wounds. It is the purpose of this paper to set forth the system by which gunshot wounds of the chest are handled at the Marion County General Hospital and to indicate what results may be anticipated. <h3>Material</h3> During the period 1948-1957, 83 cases of gunshot wound of the chest were treated on the surgical service of the Marion County General Hospital. These cases do not include patients who were dead on arrival or patients who died soon after admission to the emergency ward and were, therefore, never admitted to the surgical service. The cause of wounding was a fight in 31 cases, an attempted suicide in 25, a police action in 19, and an accident in 8. The type of gun was.22 caliber
Government urges businesses to join health professionals to tackle obesity
Authors: D. Pountney
Journal: BMJ (2008)

England’s secretary of state for health, Alan Johnson, has called for a national movement to tackle obesity.

Speaking on Wednesday at centre-left policy institute the Fabian Society, Mr Johnson urged society, business, healthcare professionals, and local government to work together to tackle the problem.

“We are calling on everyone, from the smallest community keep fit class to the biggest retailers in the land, to join in this campaign to change the way we live our lives,” said Mr Johnson. “The government must develop and implement a sustained response to a problem that will have profound and long term consequences …
Abstract 1076: Ids act as downstream effectors in the transforming growth factor-β pathway in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Nicole Strong, Cecille Millena, Lindsey Walker, Jaideep Chaudhary, Shafiq Khan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) regulates proliferation, differentiation and differentiated function in a wide variety in cells. In prostate cancer cells, TGFβ inhibits proliferation in the earlier stages; however the cancer cells become refractory to growth inhibitory effects in advanced stages where TGFβ promotes cancer progression and metastasis. Intracellular mechanisms involved in these varied effects of TGFβ on prostate cancer cells are poorly understood. Inhibitor of Differentiation (Id) family of closely related proteins (Id1, Id2, Id3, Id4) inhibit binding of bHLH transcription factors to DNA and inhibit their effects on cell proliferation and differentiation. In the present study, we have investigated the involvement of Id1 and Id3 proteins in the effects of TGFβ on prostate cancer cells. Id1 and Id3 isoforms of protein are expressed in DU145 cells, which have previously been shown to be responsive to growth inhibitory effects of TGFβ. TGFβ caused a significant increase of protein levels of Id1 and Id3 as determined by Western blot analyses. This early induction was followed by a late downregulation of Id1, while Id3 induction remained stable. However in PC3 cells, this early induction of Id1 and Id3 proteins remained stable. Proliferation marker p21 was also induced in DU145 cells, while p21 protein was undetected in PC3 cells upon TGFβ1 treatment. Since previous studies have revealed that the loss of Id1 or Id3 is indicative of loss of proliferation in prostate cancer, Id1 effects were further studied between DU145 and PC3 cell lines. Id1 knockdown in DU145 cells resulted in enhanced inhibitory effects of TGFβ on cell proliferation. However, Id1 knockdown in PC3 did not influence TGFβ effects on proliferation. These results indicate that Id1 downregulation by TGFβ may be required for its effects on proliferation in DU145 cancer cells. We next investigated TGFβ effects on migration in PC3 cells, which TGFβ stimulation has been shown to increase its migration properties. Both Id1 and Id3 knockdown in PC3 cells decreased migratory response to TGFβ. This indicated that both Id1 and Id3 are necessary for TGFβ migratory properties of PC3 cells. Taken together, these results show that Id1 and Id3 act as necessary proteins in the TGFβ pathway on both proliferation and migration. Grant support: NIH 1P20MD002285-02 and RCMI G12RR03602 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1076. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1076
Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Christina Ellervik, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Peer Grande, Merete Appleyard, Børge G. Nordestgaard
Journal: Circulation (2005)

We tested the hypothesis that the hereditary hemochromatosis genotypes C282Y/C282Y, C282Y/H63D, or C282Y/wild-type are risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and myocardial infarction (MI).We performed a prospective study of 9178 individuals from the Danish general population followed up for 24 years, during which 1035 and 511 developed IHD and MI, respectively, and a case-control study of 2441 and 1113 IHD and MI cases versus 8080 controls. C282Y/C282Y, C282Y/H63D, and C282Y/wild-type versus wild-type/wild-type individuals were not associated with increased risk of IHD or MI in prospective studies, overall or stratified by gender. We had 90% power to detect a hazard ratio for IHD of 3.4 for C282Y/C282Y, 1.9 for C282Y/H63D, and 1.3 for C282Y/wild-type versus wild-type/wild-type. Furthermore, these genotypes were not associated with increased risk of IHD or MI in case-control studies, overall or stratified by gender. We had 90% power to detect an odds ratio for IHD of 3.6 for C282Y/C282Y, 1.8 for C282Y/H63D, and 1.3 for C282Y/wild-type versus wild-type/wild-type.In these studies, hereditary hemochromatosis C282Y/C282Y, C282Y/H63D, and C282Y/wild-type genotypes were not associated with IHD or MI; however, the study lacked the power to exclude the possibility that C282Y/C282Y and C282Y/H63D individuals have a modestly increased risk of IHD or MI.
New ways to harm patients
Authors: H. J. Beerstecher
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Where has the idea come from that GPs know the cost effectiveness of every intervention during their consultations?1

When faced with a clinical problem, I formulate a provisional diagnosis and offer patients the choice of available treatment options. What should I do instead? Omit or misrepresent certain treatment options? The better informed patients will know the available options, and I am likely to be able to fob off only the more deprived patients with inferior healthcare. …
TNFa and IL-6 release during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction is related to coronary collateral flow
Authors: Roby D. Rakhit, Christian Seiler, Kerstin Wustmann, Stephan Zbinden, Stephan Windecker, Bernhard Meier, Franz Eberli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Boy at centre of legal wrangle is expected to be treated in Prague
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The Foundation Programme curriculum describes ‘generic skills’ for doctors, which illustrate many of the attributes of medical professionalism. Educators from the Dorset acute trusts have worked with faculty members of the School of Health and Social Care at Bournemouth University to create a course in professionalism for Foundation Programme Year 2 doctors. The course, held away from the hospital setting but facilitated by consultants as well as university staff, has six themes taught on different days: professionalism and judgement, relationship with society, accountability, teamworking and leadership, relationship with patients, and excellence and continuous improvement. The emphasis is on group discussion between the participants, and feedback to the whole group, rather than didactic lecture-based teaching, with the aim of encouraging Foundation Programme doctors to become more reflective in their practice, and to discover their own answers to their queries.
Relationship Between Biomarkers of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein, Statin Therapy, Quantitative Coronary Angiography, and Atheroma Volume
Authors: Seung Hyuk Choi, Andrew Chae, Elizabeth Miller, Michael Messig, Fady Ntanios, Anthony N. DeMaria, Steven E. Nissen, Joseph L. Witztum, Sotirios Tsimikas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Medical Staffing and Training in Chest Diseases
Authors: F. Ridehalgh
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A survey of 164 area departments of chest diseases in England and Wales presents details of 321 consultants and 176 chest physicians in other career grades. During the past 10 years there have been 99 consultant and 76 senior hospital medical officer vacancies, with 61 and 23 replacements, respectively, of which only 22 and 8 were whole-time in chest diseases. Of the total, 119 consultants and 45 in other career grades are now aged 55 and over.In most chest clinics the slowly diminishing work load from tuberculosis has been more than offset by increasing admission of other chest diseases, usually to fewer beds. Many areas need an increase in senior establishment and many require improved clinical facilities; some need both to bring them into line with official policy based on the recommendations of the Scadding report.During the next five years there will be 52 consultant and 11 other senior career posts in chest diseases vacated through retirement. At least eight consultant appointments a year, in terms of whole-time equivalents, will be mandatory for at least five years and probably for 10 years to maintain existing standards without allowance for essential improvements or the development of regional thoracic centres.Present training schemes in the specialty cannot produce more than two or three trained candidates a year for these eight vacancies. The description of prospects in the specialty as "uncertain" deters young doctors from entering it and discovering how broad a spectrum of medicine it embraces. It is urgently necessary for schemes of training to be set up immediately in conjunction with a considerable increase in training posts at senior registrar level embracing both general and chest medicine.