tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Surfactant protein A and saturated phosphatidylcholine in respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: F R Moya, H F Montes, V L Thomas, A M Mouzinho, J F Smith, C R Rosenfeld
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

We measured surfactant protein A (SP-A) by ELISA using a rabbit antihuman SP-A polyclonal antibody and saturated phosphatidylcholine (SPC) by thin-layer chromatography in sequential tracheal fluid samples obtained from 16 preterm neonates without lung disease and 37 with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). SP-A and SPC were lower in neonates with RDS than in control infants (1.0 +/- 0.1 versus 8.9 +/- 2.2 ng SP-A/microgram protein [p < 0.0001] and 0.20 +/- 0.05 versus 0.70 +/- 0.19 mumol SPC/mg protein [p < 0.01], respectively). Initial SP-A concentrations correlated inversely with severity of RDS (r = 0.45, p < 0.01) but did not correlate with initial SPC levels. Significant increases in SP-A were detectable within 12 to 24 h after birth in neonates with RDS. Further increases occurred subsequently and were similar for neonates treated with either a synthetic (Exosurf) or a modified natural (Survanta) surfactant. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, SP-A in tracheal fluid obtained during the early and recovery phases of RDS exhibited lesser degrees of posttranslational modification than SP-A forms from control neonates. Administration of Exosurf or Survanta resulted in comparable increases in SPC in tracheal fluid. Preterm neonates with RDS seem to have an immature SP-A metabolism that persists for several days after birth. The type of surfactant used does not modify the recovery of SP-A or SPC in tracheal fluid from infants with RDS.
P2-275: Phase ii study of weekly docetaxel (Doc) and gemcitabine (Gem) in relapsed patients (Pts) with advanced, platinum–exposed non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Corey J. Langer, Chao Huang, Hossein Borghaei, Michael Millenson, David Mintzer, Arthur Staddon, Judi Seldomridge, Holly Tuttle, Karen Ruth, Samuel Litwin
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Diagnostic value of frozen section examination in thyroid nodule-surgery at the shariati hospital (1997–2000)
Authors: Mahmood Shirzad, Bagher Larijani, Anushiravan Hedayat, Nasser Kamalian, Reza Baradar-Jalili, Fatemeh Bandarian, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad Akrami
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2003)
High-Intensity Plaques on Noncontrast T1-Weighted Imaging as a Predictor of Periprocedural Myocardial Injury
Authors: Yasuhide Asaumi, Teruo Noguchi, Yoshiaki Morita, Reiko Fujiwara, Tomoaki Kanaya, Taka-aki Matsuyama, Tomohiro Kawasaki, Masashi Fujino, Takafumi Yamane, Toshiyuki Nagai, Tadayoshi Miyagi, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda, Masahiro Higashi, Yoshiaki Komori, Masaharu Ishihara, Hisao Ogawa, Satoshi Yasuda
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Mathematical induction and its formation during childhood
Authors: Leslie Smith
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract I support Rips et al.'s critique of psychology through (1) a complementary argument about the normative, modal, constitutive nature of mathematical principles. I add two reservations about their analysis of mathematical induction, arguing (2) for constructivism against their logicism as to its interpretation and formation in childhood (Smith 2002), and (3) for Piaget's account of reasons in rule learning.
Fibrillin-1 (FBN1) Mutations in Patients With Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Dianna M. Milewicz, Kristi Michael, Nancy Fisher, Joseph S. Coselli, Thomas Markello, Alan Biddinger
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Mutations in the FBN1 gene are the cause of the Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder with skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular complications. Aneurysms or dissections of the ascending thoracic aorta are the major cardiovascular complications of the disorder. We tested the hypothesis that FBN1 mutations cause thoracic aortic aneurysms or dissections in patients who do not have the Marfan syndrome. Methods and Results The FBN1 gene was screened for mutations by use of genomic DNA from two patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms who did not have the Marfan syndrome. Individual FBN1 exons were amplified with intron-based exon-specific primers; the DNA fragments were screened for mutations using single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis; and aberrantly migrating bands were sequenced directly. We identified a missense mutation in one patient, D1155N in exon 27. Dermal fibroblasts from the affected individual were used to study the effect of the missense mutation D1155N on fibrillin-1 cellular processing. The mutation decreased the amount of fibrillin-1 deposited into the pericellular matrix. A second putative FBN1 mutation was identified in the second patient, P1837S in exon 44. Although this alteration was not observed in 234 chromosomes from unrelated individuals, the alteration may represent a rare polymorphism. Conclusions Results of these studies support the hypothesis that FBN1 mutations cause thoracic aortic aneurysms in patients who do not have the Marfan syndrome. This information is important for understanding the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms and identification of individuals at risk for developing thoracic aortic aneurysms or dissections.
Extreme Sinus Bradycardia Following Routine Venipuncture
Authors: Shlomo Stern
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  Tizes recently described (236:1846-1847, 1976) cardiac  in a patient following venipuncture. The arrest was assumed by the absence of heart sounds and pulses, cessation of breathing, and other symptoms, but without ECG recording; the patient recovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We recently had a very similar case, which supplies ECG evidence of what may happen during a routine venipuncture.  Report of a Case.—  A 54-year-old man who five years earlier had a coronary bypass operation was admitted with chest pain to our Coronary Care Unit. Here a routine venipuncture was done while his ECG was constantly monitored. Immediately after the needle puncture, the patient complained of weakness and within two seconds lost consciousness. The ECG showed extremely slow sinus rhythm with possible sinoatrial block, prolonged sinus pauses, and nodal escape rhythm (Figure 1). Atropine, 1.0 mg, was immediately administered through an open intravenous (IV) route in his
Influence of Albuminuria on Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Scott D. Solomon, Julie Lin, Caren G. Solomon, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Madeline Murguia Rice, Michael Steffes, Michael Domanski, Judith Hsia, Bernard J. Gersh, J. Malcolm O. Arnold, Jean Rouleau, Eugene Braunwald, Marc A. Pfeffer
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Patients with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We assessed the association between albuminuria and the risks for death and cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary disease.We studied patients enrolled in the Prevention of Events with an ACE inhibitor (PEACE) trial, in which patients with chronic stable coronary disease and preserved systolic function were randomized to trandolapril or placebo and followed up for a median of 4.8 years. The urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) assessed in a core laboratory in 2977 patients at baseline and in 1339 patients at follow-up (mean 34 months) was related to estimated glomerular filtration rate and outcomes. The majority of patients (73%) had a baseline ACR within the normal range (<17 mug/mg for men and <25 mug/mg for women). Independent of the estimated glomerular filtration rate and other baseline covariates, a higher ACR, even within the normal range, was associated with increased risks for all-cause mortality (P<0.001) and cardiovascular death (P=0.01). The effect of trandolapril therapy on outcomes was not modified significantly by the level of albuminuria. Nevertheless, trandolapril therapy was associated with a significantly lower mean follow-up ACR (12.5 versus 14.6 mug/mg, P=0.0002), after adjustment for baseline ACR, time between collections, and other covariates. An increase in ACR over time was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio per log ACR 1.74, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.82).Albuminuria, even in low levels within the normal range, is an independent predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
Preventing Heart Failure
Authors: Adrian F. Hernandez
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Severe hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis with bias analysis
Authors: A. Goto, O. A. Arah, M. Goto, Y. Terauchi, M. Noda
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objectives</b> To provide a systematic and quantitative summary of the association between severe hypoglycaemia and risk of cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes and to examine the sensitivity of the association to possible uncontrolled confounding by unmeasured comorbid severe illness using a bias analysis. <b>Design</b> Meta-analysis of observational studies. <b>Data sources</b> Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched to February 2013, without any language restrictions. <b>Eligibility criteria</b> Two independent reviewers selected cohort studies that evaluated the association of severe hypoglycaemia with cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes; we excluded studies from acute hospital settings. We extracted descriptive and quantitative data. <b>Results</b> Of 3443 citations screened, six eligible studies with 903 510 participants were identified. In the conventional random effects meta-analysis, severe hypoglycaemia was strongly associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (relative risk 2.05, 95% confidence interval 1.74 to 2.42; P&lt;0.001). The excess fraction of cardiovascular disease incidence that was attributable to severe hypoglycaemia (the population attributable fraction) was 1.56% (95% confidence interval 1.32% to 1.81%; P&lt;0.001). Although moderate heterogeneity across the studies was suggested (I<sup>2</sup>=73.1%; P=0.002 for heterogeneity), most subgroups showed similar results in stratified analyses. The bias analysis indicated that comorbid severe illness alone may not explain the association between hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease; to explain this association, comorbid severe illness would have had to be extremely strongly associated with both severe hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease. <b>Conclusion</b> Our findings suggest that severe hypoglycaemia is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease; they also support the notion that avoiding severe hypoglycaemia may be important to prevent cardiovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes.
Agnes Macfarlane Stark
Authors: R. Gibson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Agnes (Nan) Macfarlane Stark was born in Coatbridge, Lanarkshire, into a farming family with no medical connections. She was encouraged in her medical aspirations by her grandfather despite the disapproval of her mother, who felt it was unladylike. Despite the dangers of wartime Glasgow and the daunting prospect of being one of only 10 girls in her year studying medicine, she enjoyed the rigours of university.

She was offered a Rockefeller scholarship to the US in 1943 but declined as her parents were reluctant for her …
European experience with itraconazole in systemic mycoses
Authors: Maria Anna Viviani, Anna Maria Tortorano, Antonio Pagano, Gian Marco Vigevani, Guido Gubertini, Silvia Cristina, Maria Luisa Assaisso, Fredy Suter, Claudio Farina, Bruno Minetti, Giuseppe Faggian, Mario Caretta, Nicola Di Fabrizio, Alberto Vaglia
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1990)
The biomechanical role of periodontal ligament in bonded and replanted vertically fractured teeth under cyclic biting forces
Authors: Ya-Nan Zhu, Wei-Dong Yang, Paul V Abbott, Nicolas Martin, Wen-Jia Wei, Jing-Jing Li, Zhi Chen, Wen-Mei Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

After teeth are replanted, there are two possible healing responses: periodontal ligament healing or ankylosis with subsequent replacement resorption. The purpose of this study was to compare the fatigue resistance of vertically fractured teeth after bonding the fragments under conditions simulating both healing modes. Thirty-two human premolars were vertically fractured and the fragments were bonded together with Super-Bond C&B. They were then randomly distributed into four groups (BP, CP, CA, BA). The BP and CP groups were used to investigate the periodontal ligament healing mode whilst the BA and CA groups simulated ankylosis. All teeth had root canal treatment performed. Metal crowns were constructed for the CP and CA groups. The BP and BA groups only had composite resin restorations in the access cavities. All specimens were subjected to a 260 N load at 4 Hz until failure of the bond or until 2 × 10⁶ cycles had been reached if no fracture occurred. Cracks were detected by stereomicroscope imaging and also assessed via dye penetration tests. Finally, interfaces of the resin luting agent were examined by scanning electron microscope. The results confirmed that the fatigue resistance was higher in the groups with simulated periodontal ligament healing. Periodontal reattachment showed important biomechanical role in bonded and replanted vertically fractured teeth.
Trends in Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in the United States, 1988-2000
Authors: Ihab Hajjar
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Prior analyses of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data through 1991 have suggested that hypertension prevalence is declining, but more recent self-reported rates of hypertension suggest that the rate is increasing.To describe trends in the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the United States using NHANES data.Survey using a stratified multistage probability sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population. The most recent NHANES survey, conducted in 1999-2000 (n = 5448), was compared with the 2 phases of NHANES III conducted in 1988-1991 (n = 9901) and 1991-1994 (n = 9717). Individuals aged 18 years or older were included in this analysis.Hypertension, defined as a measured blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or greater or reported use of antihypertensive medications. Hypertension awareness and treatment were assessed with standardized questions. Hypertension control was defined as treatment with antihypertensive medication and a measured blood pressure of less than 140/90 mm Hg.In 1999-2000, 28.7% of NHANES participants had hypertension, an increase of 3.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0%-8.3%) from 1988-1991. Hypertension prevalence was highest in non-Hispanic blacks (33.5%), increased with age (65.4% among those aged > or =60 years), and tended to be higher in women (30.1%). In a multiple regression analysis, increasing age, increasing body mass index, and non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity were independently associated with increased rates of hypertension. Overall, in 1999-2000, 68.9% were aware of their hypertension (nonsignificant decline of -0.3%; 95% CI, -4.2% to 3.6%), 58.4% were treated (increase of 6.0%; 95% CI, 1.2%-10.8%), and hypertension was controlled in 31.0% (increase of 6.4%; 95% CI, 1.6%-11.2%). Women, Mexican Americans, and those aged 60 years or older had significantly lower rates of control compared with men, younger individuals, and non-Hispanic whites.Contrary to earlier reports, hypertension prevalence is increasing in the United States. Hypertension control rates, although improving, continue to be low. Programs targeting hypertension prevention and treatment are of utmost importance.
Brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular dysfunction in Chagas' disease
Authors: Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro, Adelina Martha dos Reis, Marcio Vinicius L Barros, Marcos Roberto de Sousa, Ana Luiza L Rocha, Amanda Arantes Perez, Jacqueline Braga Pereira, Fernando Santana Machado, Manoel Otávio C Rocha
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
The prevalence and risk factors of retinal microvascular abnormalities in older persons
Authors: Tien Yin Wong, Ronald Klein, A.Richey Sharrett, Teri A Manolio, Larry D Hubbard, Emily K Marino, Lewis Kuller, Gregory Burke, Russell P Tracy, Joseph F Polak, John S Gottdiener, David S Siscovick
Journal: Ophthalmology (2003)
Spontaneous Separation of the Leg by Gangrene in a Man Aged Eighty-Nine Years: Recovery
Authors: T. L. Pridham
Journal: BMJ (1857)

Again, why does the heart cease its office, and the lungs yet continue to expand -and contract-aye, to inhale oxygen, but nevertheless fail to stimulate " the lord of the bosom " to persist in his wonted beat?Simply, I imagine, because the cerebral or ministerial centre has, through the agency of the " leprous distilment" poured into the blood, been deprived of the neces- sary supplies of healthy nourishment-the means, in fact, of carrying on the government and life of the constitution.The lungs, aided by the tenacious muscles, acting as long as the
Prostaglandin production in arthritis.
Authors: R A Sturge, D B Yates, D Gordon, M Franco, W Paul, A Bray, J Morley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

Inflammatory cell populations from synovial effusions or synovial villi in rheumatoid arthritis have been cultured in vitro. Prostaglandin productive capacity, measured by radioimmunoassay, showed the polymorphonuclear leucocyte rich populations from synovial effusions to be poor sources of PGE production whereas the synovial fragments produced substantial amounts of PGE activity. It is suggested that the macrophage is the major source of local prostaglandin formation both in gout and rheumatoid arthritis.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and oestrogen differentially regulate prolactin and prolactin receptor expression in female human skin and hair follicles <i>in vitro</i>
Authors: E.A. Langan, Y. Ramot, A. Hanning, B. Poeggeler, T. Bíró, E. Gaspar, W. Funk, C.E.M. Griffiths, R. Paus
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Human skin and scalp hair follicles are both a nonclassical target and an extrapituitary source of prolactin (PRL), which is a potent hair growth modulator. However, how the expression of PRL and PRL receptor (PRLR) is regulated in human skin is unknown.To investigate whether two key stimulators of pituitary PRL secretion, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and oestrogen, also regulate cutaneous PRL and PRLR expression.Female scalp skin and/or microdissected hair follicles were treated for 6 days in serum-free organ culture with oestrogen (100 nmol L(-1)), TRH (1-10 ng mL(-1), 3-30 nm) or vehicle control. Quantitative immunohistomorphometry of skin and hair follicle sections was complemented with quantitative polymerase chain reaction for PRL and PRLR in cultured hair follicles and/or female human outer root sheath (ORS) keratinocytes.Oestrogen treatment significantly upregulated PRL and PRLR immunoreactivity in selected skin and hair follicle compartments, at the gene and protein level (P < 0.05). TRH significantly increased PRL immunoreactivity and transcription in hair follicles (P < 0.05); however, while it also increased PRLR transcription in hair follicles, it downregulated PRLR immunoreactivity in the hair follicle ORS (P < 0.05).Our pilot study shows that two key endocrine controls of pituitary PRL secretion, oestrogen and TRH, also regulate PRL and PRLR expression in human skin. This provides novel insights into the regulation of extrapituitary PRL and PRLR expression, and invites exploration of oestrogen and TRH as novel therapeutic agents in the management of skin and hair diseases characterized by aberrant PRLR-mediated signalling.
789-1 Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography and Rest Thallium-201 Scintigraphy in Patients with Previous Myocardial Infarction and Single Coronary Lesion: Prediction of Functional Recovery After Revascularization
Authors: Salvatore Pirelli, Wilma Crivellaro, Francesco Faletra, Manlio Cipriani, Livia Ruffini, Roberto Sara, Roberto Como, Antonio Pezzano, Luigi Campolo, Claudio De Vita, Oberdan Parodi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Burst-like control of lipolysis by the sympathetic nervous system in vivo
Authors: Katrin Hücking, Marianthe Hamilton-Wessler, Martin Ellmerer, Richard N. Bergman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Rapid oscillations of visceral lipolysis have been reported. To examine the putative role of the CNS in oscillatory lipolysis, we tested the effects of β3-blockade on pulsatile release of FFAs. Arterial blood samples were drawn at 1-minute intervals for 120 minutes from fasted, conscious dogs (n = 7) during the infusion of saline or bupranolol (1.5 μg/kg/min), a high-affinity β3-blocker. FFA and glycerol time series were analyzed and deconvolution analysis was applied to estimate the rate of FFA release. During saline infusion FFAs and glycerol oscillated in phase at about eight pulses/hour. Deconvolution analysis showed bursts of lipolysis (nine pulses/hour) with time-dependent variation in burst frequency. Bupranolol completely removed rapid FFA and glycerol oscillations. Despite removal of lipolytic bursts, plasma FFAs (0.31 mM) and glycerol (0.06 mM) were not totally suppressed and deconvolution analysis revealed persistent non-oscillatory lipolysis (0.064 mM/min). These results show that lipolysis in the fasting state consists of an oscillatory component, which appears to be entirely dependent upon sympathetic innervation of the adipose tissue, and a non-oscillatory, constitutive component, which persists despite β3-blockade. The extinction of lipid fuel bursts by β3-blockade implies a role for the CNS in the maintenance of cyclic provision of lipid fuels.