tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastric rupture and laryngeal mask airway: Negative “hype” this case report might generate is worrying
Authors: Pedro F Ibarra
Journal: BMJ (2005)

In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, primary human sinonasal epithelial cell (HSNEC) 1α-hydroxylase levels are reduced, as is their ability to metabolize 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>] to its active metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> [1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>]. In this study, we sought to identify the factor responsible for the regulation of HSNEC metabolism of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>, focusing on C3 and C3a. Multiple inhaled irritants trigger the release of complement components, C3 and C3a, leading to suppression of 1α-hydroxylase levels in HSNECs. Recombinant C3a was able to decrease 1α-hydroxylase and impair 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> to 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> metabolism, while addition of a C3a receptor antagonist restored conversion. Conversely, 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> suppressed <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>–induced C3 and C3a levels in HSNEC supernatant. Given the ability of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> to modulate LL37 in other cell types, we examined its regulation in HSNECs and relationship to C3a. 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> stimulated the secretion of LL37, whereas <i>A. fumigatus</i> and C3a suppressed it. Conversely, LL37 reduced the release of C3/C3a by HSNECs. Lastly, oral steroid use and in vitro dexamethasone application both failed to increase 1α-hydroxylase or reduce C3a levels. In summary, in this article, we describe for the first time a novel relationship between complement activation and local vitamin D metabolism in airway epithelial cells. The presence of elevated C3/C3a in patients with asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps may account for their impaired HSNEC 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> to 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> metabolism and explain why they receive limited therapeutic benefit from oral vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation.
Robust in vivo differentiation of t(8;21)-positive acute myeloid leukemia blasts to neutrophilic granulocytes induced by treatment with dasatinib
Authors: N Chevalier, M L Solari, H Becker, M Pantic, F Gärtner, A Maul-Pavicic, J Hübner, R Wäsch, A Schmitt-Gräff, M Lübbert
Journal: Leukemia (2010)
Exposure to House-Dust Mite Allergen (<i>Der p</i>I) and the Development of Asthma in Childhood
Authors: Richard Sporik, Stephen T. Holgate, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Jeremy J. Cogswell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Children with asthma commonly have positive skin tests for inhaled allergens, and in the United Kingdom the majority of older children with asthma are sensitized to the house-dust mite. In a cohort of British children at risk for allergic disease because of family history, we investigated prospectively from 1978 to 1989 the relation between exposure to the house-dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of sensitization and asthma.
First blood and second thoughts
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1997)

![][1] 

My first serious encounter with the NHS took place when it was 3 and I was 6. Tonsillectomy then was something like measles, chickenpox, and impetigo, happening to thousands of children each year more or less randomly. Someone must have put me and my older sister on a waiting list. Suddenly we were admitted to a hospital.

At first sight it was disappointing: a scattering of cream painted huts surrounded by trodden grass. Surely hospitals–my grandfather had just died in one, and my grandmother had had something quite complicated done to her stomach in one–should be more impressive.

Then there was a terrifying moment of being unable to breathe, and an …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
The Progression of Vesicoureteral Reflux Nephropathy
Authors: Vicente E. Torres, Jorge A. Velosa, Keith E. Holley, Panayotis P. Kelalis, Gunnar B. Stickler, Stephen B. Kurtz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The relations among renal function, proteinuria, and glomerular lesions were studied in 54 patients with reflux nephropathy. The clinical course to end-stage renal disease was not appreciably altered by late surgical correction of the reflux, occurrence of urinary tract infection, or hypertension. All patients with progressive renal disease had significant proteinuria. Mesangial glomerular lesions can occur in the absence of proteinuria detectable by routine urinalysis, whereas lesions similar to those seen in idiopathic focal sclerosing glomerulopathy were present in the renal biopsies from proteinuric patients. Deposition of immunoproteins was limited to glomeruli undergoing sclerosis. Similarly, electron-dense deposits were confined to areas of mesangial alterations. Our results suggest that mesangial alterations occur early in the course of reflux nephropathy and may lead to the development of focal sclerosis. At later stages, counterproductive mechanisms of adaptation to the loss of viable nephrons might result in an acceleration of the clinical course to renal failure.
Venous effects of oral contraceptives
Authors: E. C. G. Grant
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a five-year analysis of an oral contraceptive trial by the Council for the Investigation of Fertility Control venous effects were the third most troublesome group of side-effects with both combined and sequential therapy. Vein complaints, leg cramps, and thrombophlebitis were significantly more frequent with the combined preparations that contained a relatively low dose of progestogen and a high dose of oestrogen than with the other groups tested. No cases of thrombophlebitis occurred in women taking the strongly oestrogenic sequential groups. Histological examination of uterine curettings showed that most progestogenic combined preparations were associated with a high incidence of dilated endometrial sinusoids, while the oestrogenic sequential regimens and low-dose progestogen-only regimens had a low incidence. The incidence of stromal condensation round the sinusoids correlated with the incidence of leg cramps, and these effects appeared to be specific for each preparation tested.
High Expectations of Long-Term Ex-State Hospital Patients
Authors: H. RICHARD LAMB., VICTOR GOERTZEL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

In an effort to determine the effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts with long-term patients who leave state hospitals, discharged patients were randomly assigned to high- or low-expectation programs in the community. The high-expectation setting included a day treatment center and a halfway house. The low-expectation setting included mostly boarding homes, where little was required of the patients. The authors found that the high-expectation setting was superior to the other not so much in keeping patients out of the hospital longer but in increasing their level of vocational and social functioning.
Membrane Carbonic Anhydrase IX Expression and Relapse Risk in Resected Stage I–II Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: David J. Stewart, Maria I. Nunez, Carmen Behrens, Diane Liu, Yan Heather Lin, J. Jack Lee, Jack Roth, John Heymach, Stephen G. Swisher, Waun Ki Hong, Ignacio Ivan Wistuba
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
Positive Pretransplantation Cytomegalovirus Serology Is a Risk Factor for Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Children
Authors: Tarique Hussain, Michael Burch, Matthew J. Fenton, Pauline M. Whitmore, Philip Rees, Martin Elliott, Paul Aurora
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been implicated as a cause of posttransplantation coronary artery disease in adults. The purpose of this retrospective observational study was to evaluate the effect of CMV on outcome after heart transplantation in children. Risk factors tested were recipient age, sex, and pretransplantation CMV serology; use of anti-CMV prophylaxis; posttransplantation evidence of CMV infection; and donor CMV serology. Transplantations were stratified traditionally according to CMV risk as low risk (recipient negative/donor negative), intermediate risk (recipient positive), and high risk (recipient negative/donor positive). Primary outcome measures were (1) development of coronary artery vasculopathy, (2) mortality (or graft loss) that occurred outside the early postoperative period, and (3) death (or graft loss) due to vasculopathy. Analysis was by proportional hazards modeling. A total of 165 children underwent heart transplantation, with a mean age at transplantation of 7.8 (SD 5.6) years. Thirty-two children had laboratory evidence of CMV infection after transplantation, but only 6 developed CMV disease or syndrome. Traditional CMV risk stratification correlated well with CMV infection but did not predict mortality, coronary artery disease, or coronary death. In contrast, positive recipient CMV was the only independent predictor of all 3 outcome measures: coronary artery disease (hazard ratio=3.6), all-cause mortality (partial hazard ratio=4.1), and coronary death (hazard ratio=4.6). In children, pretransplantation recipient CMV status is a more powerful predictor for the development of clinically significant vasculopathy and subsequent death than traditional risk stratification. This phenomenon warrants further investigation.
Patterns of hospital medical staffing.
Authors: J. G. Temple
Journal: BMJ (1992)

or her partner together may enable the doctor to ask about the influence of the disease on their partnership and thus allow them to discuss emotionally loaded topics together.Local support groups can also be invaluable.Many patients and their partners find that the leaflets, meetings, and other facilities of the Multiple Sclerosis Society and Action for Research into Multiple Sclerosis provide support that neither health nor social service professionals can give.Offering to help patients with multiple sclerosis and their families in these ways is a vital aspect of management and will remain so until traditional therapeutic endeavours become effective.
High doses of recombinant α-interferon or γ-interferon for chronic hepatitis C: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Federico Sáez-royuela, Juan Carlos Porres, Alberto Moreno, Inmaculada Castillo, Gracia Martinez, Fernando Galiana, Vicente Carreño
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Chronic hepatitis C is often a progressive liver disease for which there is no satisfactory treatment. We studied the efficacy of recombinant α-interferon or γ-interferon in the treatment of this disease in comparison with a control group. Thirty patients were randomly assigned to three groups. Ten patients received 7.5 MU α-interferon/m 2 body surface three times weekly for 3 mo, then 5 MU/m 2 for 3 mo and 2.5 MU/m 2 for 6 mo. Ten patients were treated with γ-interferon at a dose of 2 MU/m 2 for 6 mo and the other 10 served as controls without treatment. The mean serum ALT levels and liver histological findings improved significantly only in the patients treated with α-interferon. No changes were observed in patients treated with γ-interferon or in controls. Five of 10 patients treated with α-interferon had complete responses (mean ALT normal during therapy). After treatment ALT returned to pretreatment levels in two of 5 patients. The long-term response rate after α-interferon therapy was 30% at 18 mo. We conclude that α-interferon is effective in controlling disease activity in a portion of patients with chronic hepatitis C. High doses of α-interferon do not appear to add further benefit in the response rate or relapse rate. γ-Interferon therapy is ineffective. (Hepatology 1991;13:327-331).
Decreased Synaptic Vesicle Recycling Efficiency and Cognitive Deficits in Amphiphysin 1 Knockout Mice
Authors: Gilbert Di Paolo, Sethuraman Sankaranarayanan, Markus R. Wenk, Laurie Daniell, Ezio Perucco, Barbara J. Caldarone, Richard Flavell, Marina R. Picciotto, Timothy A. Ryan, Ottavio Cremona, Pietro De Camilli
Journal: Neuron (2002)
Etiology of Painless, Bilateral Knee Effusion
Authors: Philip M. Catalano
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A recent discussion in your QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS dealt with the topic titled above (<b>210:</b>1598, 1969). An additional important cause of this entity is congenital syphilis. In the latter part of the 19th century John Clutton described the joints which have come to bear his name. Although bilateral effusion is the rule, unilateral involvement may precede the development of contralateral disease (King A, Nicol C:<i>Venereal Diseases</i>. London, Cassell &amp; Co Ltd, 1964, pp 86-87; and Stokes J, Beerman H, Ingraham N:<i>Modern Clinical Syphilology</i>. Philadelphia, W B Sanders Co, 1944, pp 1131-1132). Although antisyphilitic treatment has no effect on the joint lesions themselves, it clearly is a diagnosis which must be excluded from the standpoint of other possible lesions. In most cases as a routine serologic test for syphilis would be positive. If results are normal, however, the physician should consider doing a fluorescent treponemal antibodyabsorption
(19) Granuloma annulare, rheumatoid nodules and necrobiosis lipoidica
Authors: J.L. Burton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article (19) Granuloma annulare, rheumatoid nodules and necrobiosis lipoidica Get access J.L. Burton J.L. Burton Bristol Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 52–54, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14327.x Published: 01 December 1977
The Familial Aggregation of Psychotic Symptoms in Bipolar Disorder Pedigrees
Authors: James B. Potash, Virginia L. Willour, Yen-Feng Chiu, Sylvia G. Simpson, Dean F. MacKinnon, Godfrey D. Pearlson, J. Raymond DePaulo, Melvin G. McInnis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2001)

OBJECTIVE: Symptomatic overlap between affective disorders and schizophrenia has long been noted. More recently, family and linkage studies have provided some evidence for overlapping genetic susceptibility between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. If shared genes are responsible for the psychotic manifestations of both disorders, these genes may result in clustering of psychotic symptoms in some bipolar disorder pedigrees. The authors tested this hypothesis in families ascertained for a genetic study of bipolar disorder. METHOD: Rates of psychotic symptoms—defined as hallucinations or delusions—during affective episodes were compared in families of 47 psychotic and 18 nonpsychotic probands with bipolar I disorder. The analysis included 202 first-degree relatives with major affective disorder. RESULTS: Significantly more families of psychotic probands than families of nonpsychotic probands (64% versus 28%) contained at least one relative who had affective disorder with psychotic symptoms. Significantly more affectively ill relatives of psychotic probands than of nonpsychotic probands (34% versus 11%) had psychotic symptoms. An analysis of clustering of psychotic subjects across all families revealed significant familial aggregation. Clustering of psychosis was also apparent when only bipolar I disorder was considered the affected phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Psychotic bipolar disorder may delineate a subtype of value for genetic and biological investigations. Families with this subtype should be used to search for linkage in chromosomal regions 10p12–13, 13q32, 18p11.2, and 22q11–13, where susceptibility genes common to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia may reside. Putative schizophrenia-associated biological markers, such as abnormal evoked response, oculomotor, and neuroimaging measures, could similarly be explored in such families.
Poliomyelitis Vaccination in Southeast Massachusetts in 1955
Authors: Frank Randolf Philbrook, Theodore H. Ingalls
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

AFTER confirmation of the efficacy of the Salk vaccine by the 1954 field trial, the outbreak of poliomyelitis during April, 1955, in Idaho1 acted as programs of immunization; and also upon ready acceptance of the proffered product on the part of parents. The first consideration became one of safety. Specifically, necessity was demonstrated for controlling precisely the circumstances of manufacture, and especially the details of filtration and neutralization with formaldehyde. The result was a safer vaccine, but would it be as effective as its predecessor — or less effective? No one knew in May, 1955.Because of the sequence of . . .
MEASUREMENT OF MENTAL DETERIORATION IN DEMENTIA PRAÆCOX
Authors: Rudolph Schwarz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1932)

The Babcock test is based on the assumption that the language ability of a deteriorating patient is the most resistive to the ravages of the disease, that the difference between the vocabulary and non-vocabulary tests indicates the degree of deterioration. One hundred and ten dementia præcox patients showed a definite inferiority in their performance of a group of non-vocabulary tests compared with their ability shown in the vocabulary test. This inferiority may be expressed in percentages and was found to be 53.4 per cent in the performance of the "memory of paragraph" test. It was noticed that with the longer duration of the disease and the deepening of the deteriorating process the size of the inefficiency index grew. This test, when found to be scientifically sound, may be profitably used as an auxiliary criterion to differentiate amentia from dementia and benign mental processes from malign mental afflictions.
Bad medicine: dementia
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2012)

As our physical bodies give out we look in horror into the mirror, seeing our father or mother looking back at us. We comfort ourselves that at least we have our own personality, memories, and individuality. But to lose these is to lose everything; I fear dementia above all other illnesses. Due to an ageing population there is talk of a pending national crisis in dementia, and this particular medical bandwagon is beginning to play politically.1 ⇑

There has been much talk of early diagnosis, memory clinics, training, screening, and criticism that 75% of cases …
Thanks to Gift From Ross Perot, University of Texas Southwestern's MD-PhD Program Triples in Size
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

FIVE YEARS AGO, Dallas billionaire and 1992 independent presidential candidate H. Ross Perot gave the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas a $20 million 10-year grant to support medical research and to help train future scientists. This fall, halfway through the grant period, enrollment in the school's Medical Scientist Training Program will increase to 82 students, which is more than three times the number of students who were in the combined degree program when Perot's gift was announced. According to Rodney Ulane, PhD, associate dean of Southwestern's Medical Scientist Training Program, approximately one third of the grant is going to support MD-PhD candidates, allowing them to complete the 7-year to 8-year program without incurring significant personal debt. Students in the program receive full-tuition scholarships plus escalating annual stipends that begin at $12 000 for the first 2 years and reach $18000 by the sixth year of study. Only
Colleagues of dismissed Karolinska professor issue letter of support
Authors: N. Stafford
Journal: BMJ (2010)

All seven members of an evaluation committee advising Sweden’s Karolinska Institute have written a joint letter in support of Karl Tryggvason, a professor of medical chemistry whom the institute accused of ethical misconduct and dismissed as dean of research ( BMJ 2010;340:c1389, 9 Mar, doi:10.1136/bmj.c1389).

In a related matter the Nobel Assembly, which consists of 50 professors at the institute and awards the Nobel prize in physiology or medicine, announced that Professor Tryggvason will retain his seat within the assembly.

The four paragraph letter of support was signed by the evaluation committee’s chairman, Joseph Goldstein, a Nobel laureate and chairman of the Department of Molecular Genetics at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, and …
Development of a formulation that enhances gene expression and efficacy following intraperitoneal administration in rabbits and mice
Authors: Heidrun Engler, Todd R Machemer, Thomas Schluep, Shu-Fen Wen, Erlinda Quijano, Ken N Wills, Alexis E Harper, Daniel C Maneval, Susan E Conroy
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

We conducted a series of experiments to determine if intraperitoneal (IP) delivery of recombinant adenovirus (rAd)-based therapies is improved through carrier vehicle selection, and compared an icodextrin solution (a high molecular weight dextrin with a prolonged peritoneal cavity residence time) with a standardized phosphate buffered saline (PBS) delivery solution. In vitro, comparative adenovirus particle concentration determination (27h) and bioactivity assay (24h) indicated equivalent compatibility with icodextrin or PBS. In vivo, rabbits treated IP (100 ml) with rAd-βgal 1 × 109 P/ml in icodextrin showed improved transgene expression throughout the peritoneal wall compared to rAd-βgal in PBS. In PC-3 tumor-bearing mice treated IP with 5 × 109 P/0.5ml or 1 × 1010 P/0.5 ml rAd-βgal, transgene expression was significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) with icodextrin compared to PBS in both tumor specimens and peritoneal wall. In subsequent studies we compared prolongation of survival in intraperitoneal PC-3 and MDAH-2774 human xenograft tumor models in nude mice using rAd-p53 in icodextrin or PBS in multi-dose ranging (1 × 108 to 1 × 1010 P) experiments. The icodextrin formulation alone significantly increased rAd-p53 mediated survival (p < 0.05). In animals, these results show that IP rAd gene therapy can be improved with the use of icodextrin, and suggest that prolonged retention and distribution in the peritoneal cavity is an important factor.
Serum metabolomics reveals γ-glutamyl dipeptides as biomarkers for discrimination among different forms of liver disease
Authors: Tomoyoshi Soga, Masahiro Sugimoto, Masashi Honma, Masayo Mori, Kaori Igarashi, Kasumi Kashikura, Satsuki Ikeda, Akiyoshi Hirayama, Takehito Yamamoto, Haruhiko Yoshida, Motoyuki Otsuka, Shoji Tsuji, Yutaka Yatomi, Tadayuki Sakuragawa, Hisayoshi Watanabe, Kouei Nihei, Takafumi Saito, Sumio Kawata, Hiroshi Suzuki, Masaru Tomita, Makoto Suematsu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)