tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lovers and Livers: Disease Concepts in History
Authors: Judith Green
Journal: BMJ (2005)

C onventionally, medicine deals with those troubles that we agree to define as diseases. However, the selection of diseases from the range of problems that afflict us is neither inevitable nor straightforward, as illustrated by the much debated candidate cases of those alphabet disorders of modernity such as RSI (repetitive strain injury) and ME (myalgic encephalopathy).Given the large body of work that explores the emergence, construction, and negotiation of diseases, Duffin perhaps makes heavy weather of convincing readers that diseases are not merely biological categories, but emerge when social demand and medical possibility coalesce.

Her first case study is lovesickness. …
Treatment of refractory erosive oral lichen planus with extracorporeal photochemotherapy: 12 cases
Authors: A.D. Guyot, D. Farhi, S. Ingen-Housz-Oro, A. Bussel, N. Parquet, C. Rabian, H. Bachelez, C. Francès
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Case reports have suggested that extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) might be beneficial for the treatment of erosive oral lichen planus (OLP) recalcitrant to conventional immunosuppressive therapies.To evaluate over a long-term period the clinical efficacy and toxicity of ECP in a series of patients with refractory OLP, and to monitor peripheral blood lymphocyte subset counts under treatment.Twelve patients with refractory OLP underwent a standardized protocol of ECP. Sessions were performed twice weekly for 3 weeks, and then the treatment schedule was adapted according to clinical benefit. The disease severity was evaluated monthly on a clinical basis. Complete remission was defined as the absence of any erosion and partial remission as a decrease of at least 50% of erosion surface. Blood cell counts with CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets were evaluated every 3 months.All patients showed a decrease of the erosive surface; nine (75%) achieved a complete remission and three (25%) a partial remission. Seven of the eight patients followed for more than 3 years had recurrences of erosions when ECP sessions became less frequent or were stopped. After resumption of an initially accelerated regimen of ECP, all again showed partial or complete remission. Blood lymphocyte counts decreased during treatment, without statistically significant changes in CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and increased during relapse.ECP is an effective alternative therapy in erosive OLP showing resistance to classical treatments. The decrease in blood lymphocyte counts appears to parallel the clinical improvement under treatment.
CMR Evaluation of Cardiac Involvement During the Convalescence of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Sophie Mavrogeni, Konstantinos Bratis, Evangelos Karanasios, Dimitris Georgakopoulos, Savas Kaklis, George Varlamis, Genovefa Kolovou, Marouso Douskou, George Papadopoulos
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Treatment of Asymptomatic Intestinal<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>Infection
Authors: Joerg Blessmann, Egbert Tannich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

To the Editor: With the use of gene profiling in patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma, Rosenwald et al. (June 20 issue) 1 found that overall survival after anthracyclinebased chemotherapy differed significantly among the three gene-expression subgroups they identified.Was this finding based on a comparison of the germinal-center B-celllike subgroup with the type 3 subgroup and with the activated B-cell-like subgroup, or on a comparison of the germinal-center B-cell-like subgroup with the other two subgroups combined?Figure 2 of the article by Rosenwald et al. ranks patients in quartiles 1, 2, 3, and 4, with five-year survival rates of 73, 71, 34, and 15 percent, respectively.In comparing these results with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) (Fig. 3 of the article), the authors merged quartiles 1 and 2 into one group and quartiles 3 and 4 into a second group, resulting in a falsely worse outcome for quartile 3 and a falsely better outcome for quartile 4.
FDG-PET Imaging in Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia
Authors: Zarni Win, Jonathan Todd, Adil Al-Nahhas
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

The authors present a case of a 26-year-old man, under investigation for Cushing syndrome, who presented acutely with a dry cough and fever. The blood tests were unremarkable apart from a moderate to severe leukopenia. Imaging tests were suggestive of an atypical pneumonia, which was proven to be Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) on cytology examination of a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The acute lung changes were demonstrated on a whole-body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) study. After treatment, a follow-up study showed complete resolution of these changes. The authors suggest that FDG PET may have a role to play in the diagnosis and, in particular, the monitoring of PCP in immunocompromised patients.
Ethical and Scientific Issues of Nanotechnology in the Workplace
Authors: Paul A. Schulte, Fabio Salamanca-Buentello
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

In the absence of scientific clarity about the potential health effects of occupational exposure to nanoparticles, a need exists for guidance in decisionmaking about hazards, risks, and controls. An identification of the ethical issues involved may be useful to decision makers, particularly employers, workers, investors, and health authorities. Because the goal of occupational safety and health is the prevention of disease in workers, the situations that have ethical implications that most affect workers have been identified. These situations include the a) identification and communication of hazards and risks by scientists, authorities, and employers; b) workers' acceptance of risk; c) selection and implementation of controls; d) establishment of medical screening programs; and e) investment in toxicologic and control research. The ethical issues involve the unbiased determination of hazards and risks, nonmaleficence (doing no harm), autonomy, justice, privacy, and promoting respect for persons. As the ethical issues are identified and explored, options for decision makers can be developed. Additionally, societal deliberations about workplace risks of nanotechnologies may be enhanced by special emphasis on small businesses and adoption of a global perspective.
Immunoglobulin Deficiency, HLA Antigens, and Seizures
Authors: A. FONTANA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1978Immunoglobulin Deficiency, HLA Antigens, and SeizuresA. FONTANA, M.D., P. J. GROB, M.D.A. FONTANA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, P. J. GROB, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-429_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the January 1977 issue Van Thiel and associates (1) reported on "A Syndrome of Immunoglobulin A Deficiency, Diabetes Mellitus, Malabsorption, and a Common HLA Haplotype." We wish to emphasize further a remarkable feature present in two of the three reported cases: Patient 12 was "on at least two occasions . . . hospitalized for a seizure disorder that may have been related to difficulties in managing her diabetes in the presence of malabsorption"; and Patient 17 had so-called idiopathic epilepsy.We have recently reported on the association of IgA deficiency with epilepsy. Measurement of the IgA...References1. VAN THIELSMITHRABINFISHERLESTER DWBSR: A syndrome of immunoglobulin A deficiency, diabetes mellitus, malabsorption, and a common HLA haplotype. Immunologic and genetic studies of forty-three family members. Ann Intern Med 86:10-19, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar2. FONTANAGROBSAUTERJOLLER APRH: IgA deficiency, epilepsy and hydantoin medication. Lancet 2:228-231, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FONTANAGROBSAUTER APR: Immunoglobulin abnormalities in relatives of IgA deficient epileptics. J Neurol, 1978, in press CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FONTANAGROBSAUTER APR: Immunoglobulin abnormalities in epileptics. Proceedings of the Congress and Symposium on Epilepsy. Amsterdam, Swets and Zeitlinger B.V., 1977 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Zurich CH-8006 Zurich Switzerland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByIgG2 deficiency in children with febrile convulsions: A familial studyPrimary immunodeficiencies in Switzerland: First report of the national registry in adults and childrenEffects of γ-Globulin Therapy in Severely Epileptic ChildrenNeurologyImmunological Aspects of Epilepsy 1 March 1978Volume 88, Issue 3Page: 429-429KeywordsAntigensDiabetes mellitusEpilepsyEpileptic seizuresHaplotypesHuman leukocyte antigen Issue Published: 1 March 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Principles of Airway Management
Authors: Martin H. Dauber
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1216 HIGHLY POTENT HCV NS5B INHIBITOR WITH ORIGINAL MECHANISM OF ACTION IDENTIFIED WITH THE 3D-SCREEN TECHNOLOGY
Authors: M. Lahmar, A. Berecibar, I. Valarche, A. Martin, A. Piessens, L. Batard, C. Freslon-Evain, C. Fernagut, P. Guedat, M. Mehtali
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Aquaretic Treatment in Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Rudolf P. Wüthrich, Changlin Mei
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common hereditary kidney disease, progresses relentlessly to end-stage kidney disease before the age of 60 years in half the affected patients. One in 10 patients undergoing dialysis has ADPKD. The disease is characterized by prominent cystic enlargement of the kidneys, which is often associated with episodes of pain, hematuria, and cyst infection. An effective therapy to slow the progression of this disease does not exist, although several promising drug candidates are being tested.1 Vasopressin-mediated cyclic AMP (cAMP) generation is enhanced in polycystic kidneys, driving the proliferation of cyst epithelial cells and the . . .
Homelessness Among Hospitalized Patients With the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in New York City
Authors: Ramon A. Torres
Journal: JAMA (1987)

To the Editor.—  Homelessness has become a problem for many patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), as well as for the health care provision system in New York City. To determine the prevalence of homelessness among hospitalized AIDS patients, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients (a total of 231) in whom the diagnosis of AIDS was made at our hospital over a four-year period (November 1981 to October 1985).  Study.—  Thirty patients (13%) were identified as homeless on admission to the hospital; they had been living in city shelters or on the streets. In contrast to nonhomeless AIDS patients, these individuals were more likely to be black or Hispanic and to be intravenous drug users (Table). They had a significantly higher incidence of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a lower incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma. More homeless than nonhomeless patients were admitted with pulmonary symptoms and chest
ABC of Rheumatology: PAIN IN NECK, SHOULDER, AND ARM
Authors: M Barry, J R Jenner
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Normal cervical lordosis, which is often lost in neck disorders.Poor sleeping posture is a common cause of neck pain. Neurological changes associated with entrapment of cervical nerve rootNerve root Muscle weakness Reflex changes Sensory changes C5 Shoulder abduction Biceps Lateral arm and flexion Elbow flexion C6 Elbow flexion Biceps Lateral forearm Wrist extension Supinator Thumb Index finger C7 Elbow extension Triceps Middle finger Wrist flexion Finger extension C8 Finger flexion None Medial side lower forearm Ring and little fingers T1
Bleeding Diathesis in Fresh Water Drowning
Authors: ROY M. CULPEPPER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Letters1 November 1975Bleeding Diathesis in Fresh Water DrowningROY M. CULPEPPER, M.D.ROY M. CULPEPPER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-5-675_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNear-drowning in humans is a well-recognized clinical entity associated with a wide range of physiological derangements. Among the most frequent findings are acidosis and hypoxemia (1-3). Hemolysis occurs with varying frequency (1, 2), especially in fresh water drowning. The following case illustrates an acquired bleeding disorder associated with the above findings.A 20-year-old man was recovered from a fresh water lake while swimming. He had reportedly been drinking beer earlier that day, though he was not intoxicated. Use of any other drug was strongly denied by companions. Treatment in a local emergency room consisted of intubation with ventilatory assistance, oxygen...References1. MODELL J: The pathophysiology and treatment of drowning. Acta Anaesth Scand 29 (suppl):263-271, 1968 CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. FULLER R: The clinical pathology of human near-drowning. Proc Roy Soc Med 56:33-38, 1963 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HASANAVERYFABIAN SWC: Near-drowning in humans. A report of 36 patients. Chest 59:191-197, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. MCKAY D: Progress in disseminated intravascular coagulation. Calif Med 111:186-198, 1969 MedlineGoogle Scholar5. HARDAWAY R: Syndrome of DIC. Springfield, Illinois, Charles C Thomas, 1966 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Loma Linda University Medical Center Loma Linda, California 92354 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAsphyxia by Drowning Induces Massive Bleeding Due To Hyperfibrinolytic Disseminated Intravascular CoagulationDrowningCritical care of the near-drowned patientDrowning and Near-DrowningClinical Course of 61 Serious Immersion IncidentsNeardrowning and cold water immersionNear-DrowningDrowning and Near-DrowningSurgical hemostasisIntravascular Coagulation in Fresh-Water Submersion Report of Three CasesTHOMAS A. PORTS, M.D., THOMAS F. DEUEL, M.D.Bodies Recovered From Water 1 November 1975Volume 83, Issue 5Page: 675-675KeywordsBeerDrugsEmergency departmentHemorrhageHypoxiaIntubationOxygenSwimming Issue Published: 1 November 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Epidemiology of chronic rhinosinusitis: results from a cross‐sectional survey in seven <scp>C</scp>hinese cities
Authors: J.B. Shi, Q. L. Fu, H. Zhang, L. Cheng, Y. J. Wang, D. D. Zhu, W. Lv, S. X. Liu, P. Z. Li, C. Q. Ou, G. Xu
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Background Chronic sinusitis (CRS) is a common otorhinolaryngologic disease that is frequently encountered in everyday practice, but there is a lack of precise data regarding the prevalence of CRS in developing countries. We performed a national investigation in China to determine the prevalence and associated factors of CRS. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional investigation in 2012. A stratified four‐stage sampling method was used to select participants randomly from seven cities in mainland China. All participants were interviewed face‐to‐face via a standardized questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between smoking and sinusitis after adjusting for socio‐demographic factors. Results This study included a total of 10 636 respondents from seven cities. The overall prevalence of CRS was 8.0% and ranged from 4.8% to 9.7% in seven centres. Chronic sinusitis affected approximately 107 million people in mainland China. Chronic sinusitis was particularly prevalent among people with specific medical conditions, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and gout. The prevalence was slightly higher among males (8.79%) than females (7.28%) ( P = 0.004), and the prevalence varied by age group, ethnicity and marital status and education ( P &lt; 0.05), but not by household per capita income or living space ( P &gt; 0.05). Both second‐hand tobacco smoke and active smoking were independent risk factors for CRS ( P = 0.001). Conclusions Chronic sinusitis is an important public health problem in China. Our study provides important information for the assessment of the economic burden of CRS and the development and promotion of public health policies associated with CRS particularly in developing countries.
The impact of Fc engineering on an anti-CD19 antibody: increased Fcγ receptor affinity enhances B-cell clearing in nonhuman primates
Authors: Jonathan Zalevsky, Irene W. L. Leung, Sher Karki, Seung Y. Chu, Eugene A. Zhukovsky, John R. Desjarlais, David F. Carmichael, Chris E. Lawrence
Journal: Blood (2008)
Can homeopaths detect homeopathic medicines by dowsing? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: R McCarney, P Fisher, F Spink, G Flint, R van Haselen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Dowsing is a method of problem-solving that uses a motor automatism, amplified through a pendulum or similar device. In a homeopathic context, it is used as an aid to prescribing and as a tool to identify miasm or toxin load. A randomized double-blind trial was conducted to determine whether six dowsing homeopaths were able to distinguish between Bryonia in a 12c potency and placebo by use of dowsing alone. The homeopathic medicine Bryonia was correctly identified in 48.1% of bottle pairs (n=156; 95% confidence interval 40.2%, 56.0%; P=0.689). These results, wholly negative, add to doubts whether dowsing in this context can yield objective information.
Hospital Peer Review and the National Practitioner Data Bank
Authors: Laura-Mae Baldwin, L. Gary Hart, Robert E. Oshel, Meredith A. Fordyce, Robin Cohen, Roger A. Rosenblatt
Journal: JAMA (1999)

The National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB) is believed to be an important source of information for peer review activities by the majority of those who use it. However, concern has been raised that hospitals may be underreporting physicians with performance problems to the NPDB.To examine variation in clinical privileges action reporting by hospitals to the NPDB, changes in reporting over time, and the association of hospital characteristics with reporting.Retrospective cohort study of privileges action reports to the NPDB between 1991 and 1995, linked with the 1992 and 1995 databases from the Annual Survey of Hospitals conducted by the American Hospital Association.A total of 4743 short-term, nonfederal, general medical/surgical hospitals throughout the United States that were continuously open between 1991-1995 and registered with the NPDB.(1) Reporting of 1 or more privileges actions during the 5-year study period and (2) privileges action reporting rates (numbers of actions reported per 100000 admissions).Study hospitals reported 3328 privileges actions between 1991 and 1995; 34.2% reported 1 or more actions during the period. The range of privileges action reporting rates for these hospitals was 0.40 to 52.27 per 100000 admissions, with an overall rate of 2.36 per 100000 admissions. The proportion of hospitals reporting an action decreased from 11.6% in 1991 to 10.0% in 1995 (P=.008). After adjustment for other factors, urban hospitals had significantly higher reporting than rural hospitals (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.21 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.43]), while members of the Council of Teaching Hospitals of the Association of American Medical Colleges had significantly lower reporting than nonmembers (adjusted OR, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.40-0.73]). There were notable regional differences in reporting, with the east south Central region having the lowest rate per 100000 admissions (1.49 [95% CI, 1.33-1.65]).The results of this study indicate a low and declining level of hospital privileges action reporting to the NPDB. Several potential explanations exist, 1 of which is that the information reported to the NPDB is incomplete.
Minimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Surya SAY Biere, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Kirsten W Maas, Luigi Bonavina, Camiel Rosman, Josep Roig Garcia, Suzanne S Gisbertz, Jean HG Klinkenbijl, Markus W Hollmann, Elly SM de Lange, H Jaap Bonjer, Donald L van der Peet, Miguel A Cuesta
Journal: The Lancet (2012)
Intervention to prevent transmission of mitochondrial disorders should be allowed, subject to safeguards, report says
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Techniques that prevent the transmission of mitochondrial disorders are ethically acceptable, even though they involve permanent changes to DNA that would be transmitted down the generations, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics believes. 

But the treatment would first have to be shown to be safe, carried out as part of a clinical trial; and parents considering it would have to be offered full information and support.

A new report by a working group chaired by the medical journalist and broadcaster Geoff Watts concluded that the balance of the argument lies on the side of permitting such treatments so long as the conditions are met.1

It acknowledged that it would be a germline therapy involving permanent changes to inheritable DNA and that hitherto such therapies have been deemed unacceptable. But special circumstances make mitochondrial DNA an exception, the report argues.

The DNA that controls mitochondria does not determine identity, appearance, or any personal traits and is located outside the …
Continuing Education for General Practice--Analysis of a Programme
Authors: E. D. Sever, J. T. Corbett, P. G. Dalgleish, C. P. Elliott-Binns, T. A. Richards, J. P. Toby
Journal: BMJ (1971)

General practitioners in the Northampton area were asked to assess the various meetings of a programme of continuing education they had attended between May 1969 and May 1970. Analysis of their replies suggests that meetings which depend on previous study and encourage participation are most likely to be successful.