tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Hairy-Cell Leukemia
Authors: Harvey M. Golomb, Mark J. Ratain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Hairy-cell leukemia, first described nearly 30 years ago,1 is a rare disease (representing approximately 2 percent of adult leukemias), which is characterized by splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and neoplastic mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The abnormal hairy cells are unique because of the presence on the cell surface of broad-based undulating ruffles, which appear under the light microscope as cytoplasmic projections or "hairs." These cells are most likely derived from pre-plasma-cell B lymphocytes, as demonstrated by the presence of immunoglobulin-gene rearrangements and B-cell–specific antigens. The diagnosis can usually be suspected from the clinical manifestations and evaluation of the . . .
Low Survival Rates in Kenyan Women With Cervical Cancer
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1365 ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY NETWORK (AKIN) CRITERIA FOR ACUTE RENAL FAILURE PREDICTS OUTCOME IN HOSPITALIZED CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: C. Fagundes, M. Guevara, E. García-López, G.H. Pereira, E. Solà, E. Rodríguez, M. Pavesi, V. Arroyo, P. Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Hypogammaglobulinaemia and thrombocytopenia associated with sulphasalazine therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M Farr, E Tunn, P A Bacon, D H Smith
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Interleukin production in juvenile chronic arthritis SIR, We read with interest the paper by Gilman and coworkers who showed that in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis peritoneal macrophages produce higher amounts of interleukin 1 (IL-1), while splenic T cells produce less interleukin 2 (IL-2) than controls.'We found comparable results when studying interleukin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) (unpublished data).We investigated a total of 28 children with JCA ranging in age from 3 to 16 years.Ten presented a systemic form, six a polyarticular, and twelve a pauciarticular form.Patients were divided accord- ing to clinical activity of the disease into three groups: active disease, partial remission, and remission.Twenty- one age matched healthy children served as controls.Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated by adherence and stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide: IL-1 in the supernatants was assessed by a thymocyte coproliferation assay.Peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro with phytohaemagglutinin, and IL-2 in the super- natants was quantified by an IL-2-dependent cell line.Monocytes from patients with JCA produced significantly more IL-1 than controls (17-1±11-1 (SD) v 10-6±8-9 (SD), p<0-05).while lymphocytes from the same patients produced significantly less IL-2 than controls (40-6±31.2(SD) v 69-8±40 9 (SD), p<0-01).These findings could not be explained by concurrent treatment.The greater IL-1 production was more evident in patients with active disease, whereas production of IL-2 was lowest in patients with complete remission.No major differences were observed among the three JCA subtypes.The similarities between our findings in JCA patients and the findings of Gilman et al.t in adjuvant-induced arthritis suggest that modulation of interleukin production may be of relevance in the pathogenesis of JCA, and, together with the previous finding of reduced production of IL-2 in adult rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus ery- thematosus,2 3 indicates that aberrant regulation of interleukin cascade may be a common feature (probably secondary to different aetiologic factors) of some immune- mediated diseases.
Low level of sarcolemmal phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in cardiomyopathic hamster (UM-X7.1) heart
Authors: A Ziegelhoffer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns 4,5-P2) is not only a precursor to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins 1,4,5-P3) and sn-1,2 diacylglycerol, but also essential for the function of several membrane proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the level of this phospholipid in the cell plasma membrane (sarcolemma, SL) of cardiomyopathic hamster (CMPH) heart. Methods: We examined the cardiac SL PtdIns 4,5-P2 mass and the activities of the enzymes responsible for its synthesis and hydrolysis in 250-day-old UM-X7.1 CMPH at a severe stage of congestive heart failure (CHF) and in age-matched controls (Syrian Golden hamsters). Results: The SL PtdIns 4,5-P2 mass in CMPH was reduced by 72% of the control value. The activities of PtdIns 4 kinase and PtdIns 4-P 5 kinase were depressed by 69 and 50% of control values, respectively. Although, the total phospholipase C (PLC) activity was moderately, although significantly, decreased (by 18% of control), PLCδ1 isoenzyme activity in the SL membrane was elevated, with a concomitant increase in its protein content, whereas PLCβ1 and γ1 isoenzyme activities were depressed despite the increase in their protein levels. A 2-fold increase in the Ins 1,4,5-P3 concentration in the cytosol of the failing heart of CMPH was also observed. Conclusions: Reduced SL level of PtdIns 4,5-P2 may severely jeopardize cardiac cell function in this hamster model of CHF. In addition, the profound changes in the profile of heart SL PLC isoenzyme could alter the complex second messenger responses of these isoenzymes, and elevated Ins 1,4,5-P3 levels may contribute to intracellular Ca2+ overload in the failing cardiomyocyte.
Therapeutic Strategies for HIV Infection — Time to Think Hard
Authors: David A. Cooper, Sean Emery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The concept of induction therapy followed by maintenance therapy has its origins in the treatment of a number of infectious and neoplastic diseases. Highly potent but toxic and inconvenient treatment is given for several weeks or months to induce a rapid therapeutic response. This period is followed by several months of less intense therapy to consolidate the effect, reduce toxicity, and provide patients with a well-deserved break. In some cancers, reservoirs of disease that are not accessible to systemic therapy are treated in the interim. At the end of the treatment many patients are cured, probably because their immune systems . . .
Telemedicine Gets a Chance To Prove Itself
Authors: Marilynn Larkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Currents15 December 1997Telemedicine Gets a Chance To Prove ItselfMarilynn LarkinMarilynn LarkinSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00052 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The launch of the National Telemedicine Initiative 1 year ago presented proponents with opportunities and a mandate. The opportunities: 19 multiyear projects funded by the National Library of Medicine to supplement health care delivery in underserved regions of the United States. The mandate: Determine if telemedicine works, is cost-effective, and provides quality of care that is similar to or better than conventional methods.Now, many of the selected projects-called “imaginative and well-targeted” by Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala-have completed the planning stage and are poised for implementation and evaluation. According to Michael Kienzle, MD, program director of the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNational Library of MedicineThe significance of telemedicine in a rural emergency department 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1149-1150KeywordsHealth careHealth care qualityHealth services researchInternetLibrariesNursesOrthopedicsPrimary care physiciansRural areasTelemedicine Issue Published: 15 December 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Usefulness Of Specific Ige Determination To Recombinant Grass Pollen Allergens (cap-feia) In Pollinic Patients
Authors: J.M. de la Borbolla, R. Escudero, J. Antón, M.J. Goikoetxea, M.L. Sanz, M. Ferrer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Effect of indomethacin on swelling, lymphocyte influx, and cartilage proteoglycan depletion in experimental arthritis.
Authors: E R Pettipher, B Henderson, J C Edwards, G A Higgs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

The effects of indomethacin on antigen induced arthritis in rabbits have been investigated. Arthritis was induced in the knee joints of sensitised rabbits by intra-articular injection of antigen. Swelling of the joints was measured for 14 days after antigen challenge, and groups of animals were killed on days 1, 7, or 14 for collection of synovial fluids and tissues. Indomethacin (1 mg/kg, three times daily) reduced joint swelling and the prostaglandin E2 concentrations in synovial fluid. In addition, indomethacin increased the loss of proteoglycan from articular cartilage and the numbers of lymphocytes in the inflamed synovial lining. These findings suggest that the symptomatic benefits of indomethacin and related drugs in inflammatory arthritis may be achieved at the expense of significant adverse effects on joint tissues.
Avulsion Fracture of the Tuberosity of the Ischium
Authors: Nathaniel Gould
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE infrequency of an avulsion fracture due to forcible contraction of an attached muscle† attests to the fact that such a muscle, in its maximum effort, is weaker than its origin or insertion. Occasionally, however, a fracture occurs that belies the normal concept. Recently, a very common circumstance created a very unusual injury.Case ReportA 14-year-old cheerleader at a high-school football game, cavorting in front of the stands, turned a cartwheel, landing on her right leg. When she "followed through" with her left leg, placing it on the ground in the erect position, the leg gave way beneath her . . .
A Case of Insulinoma Detected by 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT and Missed by 18F-Dihydroxyphenylalanine PET/CT
Authors: Giorgio Treglia, Frediano Inzani, Nicoletta Campanini, Guido Rindi, Salvatore Agnes, Alessandro Giordano, Vittoria Rufini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 65-year-old woman with suspected insulinoma on the basis of clinical, biochemical, and conventional imaging data underwent F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) PET/CT and Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT. F-DOPA PET/CT did not show any focal uptake in the pancreas, whereas Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT showed a focal area of intense uptake in the pancreatic tail. The patient underwent surgery and an insulinoma of about 20 mm in diameter was detected in the pancreatic tail. F-DOPA PET may fail in localizing insulin secreting tumors in adults; in these cases, the use of Ga-somatostatin analogs may lead to the correct diagnosis.
[131I]<i>meta</i>-Iodobenzylguanidine and Topotecan Combination Treatment of Tumors Expressing the Noradrenaline Transporter
Authors: Anthony G. McCluskey, Marie Boyd, Susan C. Ross, Emilio Cosimo, Anne Marie Clark, Wilson J. Angerson, Mark N. Gaze, Robert J. Mairs
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Both [131I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) and the topoisomerase I inhibitor topotecan are effective as single-agent treatments of neuroblastoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of [131I]MIBG in combination with topotecan in vitro and in vivo. Experimental Design: The cell lines used were SK-N-BE(2c) (human neuroblastoma) and UVW/NAT (glioma cell line transfected with the noradrenaline transporter gene). Three different treatment schedules were assessed: topotecan given before (schedule 1), after (schedule 2), or simultaneously (schedule 3) with [131I]MIBG. DNA strand breakage was evaluated by comet assay, and cytotoxicity was determined by clonogenic survival. Efficacy was also measured by growth delay of tumor xenografts in nude mice. Results: Combination schedules 2 and 3 caused more cytotoxicity than schedule 1. Similarly, significant DNA damage was observed following treatment schedules 2 and 3 (P &amp;lt; 0.005) but not schedule 1. The mean number of days for a doubling in volume of SK-N-BE(2c) tumors and a 10-fold increase in volume of UVW/NAT tumors were 10.4 and 18.6 (untreated), 19.7 and 25.3 (topotecan alone), 22.8 and 31.9 ([131I]MIBG alone), 26.3 and 37.1 (combination schedule 1), 34.3 and 49.7 (combination schedule 2), and 53.2 and &amp;gt;71 (combination schedule 3), respectively. The highest rate of cure of both xenografts was observed following treatment with combination schedule 3. Conclusions: The combination of topotecan and [131I]MIBG compared with either treatment alone gave rise to greater than additive DNA damage, clonogenic cell kill, and tumor growth delay. These effects were dependent on the scheduling of the two agents.
Quantitative Myocardial Perfusion-SPECT
Authors: Daniela Knollmann, Mardjan Raptis, Philipp T. Meyer, Oliver H. Winz, Thomas Krohn, Wolfgang M. Schaefer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) with software-assisted determination of summed stress score (SSS) is of established importance for diagnosis/therapy planning in coronary artery disease. Differences in contour finding suggest algorithm-specific influence on quantification if heart axes are chosen incorrectly. Thus, this study quantified the influence of heart-axis tilt on SSS calculation using Quantitative Perfusion SPECT and 4D-MSPECT.Stress MPS of 50 men acquired on a triple-head gamma camera were correctly reoriented by experienced technologists (R0) and then tilted by 5 degrees/10 degrees/15 degrees/20 degrees/30 degrees/45 degrees along both long axes (R5-R45). SPECT images were quantified for SSS using QPS and 4D-MSPECT. SSS values for R0 and R5-R45 were analyzed using correlation analysis. Weighted kappa values (κ) were calculated to measure agreement regarding perfusion abnormality severity (4-step SSS rating: 0-3, 4-8, 9-13, and ≥14).For QPS SSS correlation, R0 vs. tilted datasets remained very high (R > 0.97) up to 20 degrees, but degraded for higher tilts (R = 0.895/0.780 for 30 degrees/45 degrees). 4D-MSPECT showed comparable SSS correlation only up to 10 degrees (R > 0.95) and strong deterioration thereafter (R = 0.863-0.347 for 15-45 degrees). Deviation in severity class from R0 increased from 6/50 (R5; κ = 0.914) to 25/50 (R45; κ = 0.252) using QPS and from 7/50 (R5; κ = 0.899) to 33/50 (R45; κ = 0.065) using 4D-MSPECT.For tilted MPS datasets, considerable differences in SSS calculation emerge using QPS and 4D-MSPECT. QPS showed more stable results than 4D-MSPECT.
The EGR family of transcription-regulatory factors: progress at the interface of molecular and systems neuroscience
Authors: Kevin J. O'Donovan, Warren G. Tourtellotte, Jeffrey Millbrandt, Jay M. Baraban
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (1999)

The EGR family of transcription regulatory factors, which is implicated in orchestrating the changes in gene expression that underlie neuronal plasticity, has attracted the attention of both molecular and systems neuroscientists. In this article, the advances made in both these fields of research are reviewed. Recent systems-based studies underscore the remarkable sensitivity and specificity of the induction of the expression of genes encoding EGR-family members in naturally occurring plasticity paradigms. However, they also challenge conventional views of the role of this family in plasticity. Recent molecular studies have identified the gonadotropin subunit, luteinizing hormone beta, as an EGR1-regulated gene in vivo and uncovered an essential role for EGR3 in muscle-spindle development. In addition, the discovery of novel proteins that are capable of suppressing EGR-mediated transcription cast doubt over the prevalent assumption that changes in EGR mRNA or protein levels provide an accurate measure of EGR-driven transcriptional activity.
Infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning is blunted by inhibition of 5'-nucleotidase activity and attenuation of adenosine release.
Authors: M Kitakaze, M Hori, T Morioka, T Minamino, S Takashima, H Sato, Y Shinozaki, M Chujo, H Mori, M Inoue
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND We have previously reported that ischemic preconditioning increases 5'-nucleotidase activity and adenosine release during ischemia and reperfusion. However, its direct cause-and-effect relation has not been proven. To test the idea that the infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning is blunted by inhibition of ectosolic 5'-nucleotidase activity, we assessed 5'-nucleotidase activity, adenosine release, and infarct size caused by sustained ischemia with and without an exposure to alpha,beta,-methylene adenosine 5'-diphosphate (AOPCP) in the ischemia-preconditioned myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS In 67 open-chest dogs, the left anterior descending coronary artery was cannulated and perfused with an extracorporeal bypass tube from the carotid artery. After hemodynamic stabilization, the coronary artery was occluded four times for 5 minutes separated by 5 minutes of reperfusion (ischemic preconditioning, n = 10). After this procedure, the coronary artery was occluded for 90 minutes followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. Infarct size normalized by the risk area was smaller than the control group (n = 8, 41.0 +/- 2.6% versus 6.8 +/- 1.9%), although there were no significant differences in the endomyocardial collateral flow measured at 80 minutes of ischemia (8.5 +/- 1.1 versus 9.4 +/- 1.0 mL/100 g per minute). Ectosolic and cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase activity and adenosine release were increased during reperfusion in the ischemic preconditioning group compared with the control group, and the activity of ectosolic 5'-nucleotidase was markedly reduced by AOPCP (n = 10). AOPCP affected neither adenosine-induced coronary vasodilation nor increases in myocardial oxygen consumption during an intracoronary infusion of isoproterenol (n = 10). To test whether the increase in 5'-nucleotidase activity decreases infarct size, we infused AOPCP 10 minutes before the ischemic preconditioning procedure and continued for 60 minutes after the onset of reperfusion (n = 8). AOPCP blunted the infarct size-limiting effect (infarct size, 38.8 +/- 4.9%). AOPCP without ischemic preconditioning did not increase infarct size (n = 9). Furthermore, when AOPCP was infused during the ischemic preconditioning procedure (n = 6) or during 60 minutes of reperfusion (n = 6), the infarct size-limiting effect was partially blunted (infarct size, 21.3 +/- 2.5% and 19.5 +/- 2.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Increases in ectosolic 5'-nucleotidase activity and adenosine release are primarily responsible for the infarct size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning. Exposures to adenosine during the ischemic preconditioning procedure and enhanced release of adenosine during reperfusion synergistically contribute to the infarct size-limiting effects.
Randomized Comparison of Everolimus-Eluting Stent Versus Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation for De Novo Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus (ESSENCE-DIABETES)
Authors: Won-Jang Kim, Seung-Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Young-Hak Kim, Sung-Cheol Yun, Jong-Young Lee, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Cheol Whan Lee, Jae-Hwan Lee, Si Wan Choi, In-Whan Seong, Bong-Ki Lee, Nae-Hee Lee, Yoon Haeng Cho, Won-Yong Shin, Seung-Jin Lee, Se-Whan Lee, Min-Su Hyon, Duk-Won Bang, Woo-Jung Park, Hyun-Sook Kim, Jei Keon Chae, Keun Lee, Hoon-Ki Park, Chang-Bum Park, Sang-Gon Lee, Min-Kyu Kim, Kyoung-Ha Park, Young-Jin Choi, Sang-Sig Cheong, Tae-Hyun Yang, Jae-Sik Jang, Sung Ho Her, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Drug-eluting stents significantly improved angiographic and clinical outcomes compared with bare metal stents in diabetic patients. However, a comparison of everolimus-eluting stents and sirolimus-eluting stents in diabetic patients has not been evaluated. Therefore we compared effectiveness of everolimus-eluting stents and sirolimus-eluting stents in patients with diabetes mellitus.This prospective, multicenter, randomized study compared everolimus-eluting stent (n=149) and sirolimus-eluting stent (n=151) implantation in diabetic patients. The primary end point was noninferiority of angiographic in-segment late loss at 8 months. Clinical events were also monitored for at least 12 months. Everolimus-eluting stents were noninferior to sirolimus-eluting stents for 8-month in-segment late loss (0.23 ± 0.27 versus 0.37 ± 0.52 mm; difference, -0.13 mm; 95% confidence interval, -0.25 to -0.02; upper 1-sided 95% confidence interval, -0.04; P<0.001 for noninferiority), with reductions in in-stent restenosis (0% versus 4.7%; P=0.029) and in-segment restenosis (0.9% versus 6.5%; P=0.035). However, in-stent late loss (0.11 ± 0.26 versus 0.20 ± 0.49 mm; P=0.114) was not statistically different between the 2 groups. At 12 months, ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization (0.7% versus 2.6%; P=0.317), death (1.3% versus 3.3%; P=0.448), and myocardial infarction (0% versus 1.3%; P=0.498) were not statistically different between the 2 groups. Major adverse cardiac events, including death, myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization (2.0% versus 5.3%; P=0.218), were also not statistically different between the 2 groups.Everolimus-eluting stents were noninferior to sirolimus-eluting stents in reducing in-segment late loss and reduced angiographic restenosis at 8 months in patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease.