tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Withdrawing Very Low–Burden Interventions in Chronically Ill Patients
Authors: Jill A. Rhymes
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hilary Barbara Joy Cooke (nee Rose)
Authors: R. Cooke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

World Health Organization official who raised the alarm over severe acute respiratory syndrome Infectious diseases expert Dr Carlo Urbani died from sudden acute respiratory syndrome just weeks after he had helped to identify it and alert the world to its dangers.Urbani, who was a World Health Organization public health specialist in charge of malaria and other parasitic diseases, based in Hanoi, Vietnam, first came across the syndrome in a Chinese-American businessman.The businessman, who had arrived in Hanoi on 23 February, was admitted to the French hospital in the Vietnamese capital on 26 February with a suspected case of bird flu.But when his condition worsened, the hospital called WHO on 28 February and Urbani went over to examine him.Two days later, not only had the businessman's condition worsened, but several members of the hospital staff had developed similar symptoms: a dry cough, difficulty breathing, and a fever.On 3 and 4 March, Urbani told the hospital to isolate all patients and staff with these symptoms to prevent spread of the disease.The hospital was closed to the public, with guards posted outside, while staff inside started to wear masks and other protective clothing."When people became concerned in the hospital, he was there every day, collecting samples, talking to the staff, and strengthening infection control procedures," said Pascale Brudon, who heads the WHO regional office in Hanoi."On Wednesday 5 March he said it was something very strange.We knew about influenza, but this was something different," said Brudon.The disease had been circulating in China's Guangdong province since November 2002 and reached Hong Kong, where the businessman was believed to have been infected by a Guangdong doctor with whom he shared a hotel floor.But at the end of February it was still not clear that this was a new disease, nor had the extent of the outbreak come to light.Despite fewer cases and deaths, the Hanoi outbreak was the first signal to the outside world that something was wrong.It took less than a week for Urbani to realise that there was something strange and to implement infection controls.
Congenital Septal Dysplasia of the Heart Causing Sudden Death
Authors: James W. Funkhouser
Journal: JAMA (1961)

AORTIC STENOSIS has long been recognized as a cause of sudden death. The inevitably bad prognosis in obstructive disease of the left ventricle has led to intensive diagnostic study and courageous surgical assault, with impressive results in recent years. As a consequence of new interest stimulated by successful surgical approaches, variant forms of obstruction to the left ventricular outflow tract are being reported. Brock<sup>1</sup>has noted obstruction to the left ventricle in cases of hypertrophy, which he attributes to hypertensive disease. Bercu and associates<sup>2</sup>have described pseudoaortic stenosis in the presence of symmetrical hypertrophy without hypertension. An intriguing concept was offered by Teare<sup>3</sup>in 1958, in which he suggested that hypertrophy of the ventricular septum might compromise the outflow tract of the left ventricle and cause a clinical syndrome simulating that of aortic stenosis and resulting in sudden death. A recent clinical experience corroborates the findings
Hemodynamic and neurohormonal effects of the angiotensin II antagonist losartan in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: S S Gottlieb, K Dickstein, E Fleck, J Kostis, T B Levine, T LeJemtel, M DeKock
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Losartan is a new specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist with no agonist properties that provides the opportunity to study the consequences of angiotensin II blockade. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the hemodynamic and neurohormonal response to losartan in patients with congestive heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS After baseline hemodynamic measurements using balloon-tipped pulmonary artery and radial arterial catheters, patients were randomized to receive a single dose of placebo or 5, 10, 25, 75, or 150 mg losartan in a double-blind, sequential fashion. Hemodynamic and neurohormonal parameters were then measured periodically for 24 hours. Losartan caused vasodilation in a dose-dependent manner. By the area-under-the-curve method, the reduction in the mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance grew larger up to a dose of 25 mg, but the higher 75- and 150-mg doses did not produce additional vasodilation. In response to losartan, there were compensatory increases in both angiotensin II concentrations and in plasma renin activity, which were greatest at the highest doses. Aldosterone concentrations were significantly lowered with losartan. CONCLUSIONS Blockade of the angiotensin II receptor with the antagonist losartan causes vasodilator and neurohormonal effects in patients with congestive heart failure. The lack of additional vasodilator response with doses of more than 25 mg suggests that neurohormonal activation might limit the efficacy of high dose of losartan.
Immunotherapy in sepsis
Authors: J. A. H. Davidson, S. J. Boom, P. Zhang, G. Ramsay, L. G. P. Costongs, P. Speelman, J. J. van Lieshout, M. J. Lubbers, S. van Deventer, H. G. Schipper, B. M. Hameter, P. Westra, F. L. van der Zande, A. A. T. M. M. Vinks, D. C. Angus, P. K. Linden, L. Chelluri, L. M. Dotterweich, M. R. Pinsky, F. E. Di Padova, H. Gram, R. Barclay, E. Liehl, E. Th. Rietschel, I. Schedel, U. Dreikhausen, B. Nentwig, M. Höekenschnieder, D. Rauthmann, S. Balikcioglu, R. Coldewey
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
Trial Appears to Confirm Safety of Chorionic Villus Sampling Procedure
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1988)

CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING (CVS) is just about as safe for mother and fetus as amniocentesis, according to the newly announced initial results of an ongoing study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), Bethesda, Md. George G. Rhoads, MD, chief of the institute's Epidemiology Branch and director of the study, discussed the risks assessed and knowledge gained at the annual meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in Boston.  In the NICHD Chorionic Villus Sampling Collaborative Trial, which began in 1984, investigators have utilized a new pump-type sampler to aspirate a specimen of placental tissue by the transcervical method. In the remaining years of the six-year study, research will focus on the performance and safety of transabdominal CVS, in which a needle is put through the abdomen to extract a small amount of placental tissue. Laird G. Jackson, MD, director, Division of Medical
Alterations in coronary sinus pO2 and O2 saturation resulting from pCO2 changes
Authors: R. B. CASE, H. GREENBERG, R. MOSKOWITZ
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article Alterations in coronary sinus pO2 and O2 saturation resulting from pCO2 changes Get access ROBERT B. CASE, ROBERT B. CASE From the Medical Service of St Luke's Hospital, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HENRY GREENBERG, HENRY GREENBERG 2 From the Medical Service of St Luke's Hospital, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA 2 Trainee of the New York Heart Association 1970–72. Present address Department of Medicine, Roosevelt Hospital, New York. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ROBERT MOSKOWITZ ROBERT MOSKOWITZ From the Medical Service of St Luke's Hospital, Columbia University, New York, New York 10025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 1975, Pages 167–177, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.2.167 Published: 01 March 1975
Primary Evaluation of Patients Suspected of Having Interstitial Cystitis (IC)
Authors: J Nordling, F.H Anjum, J.J Bade, K Bouchelouche, P Bouchelouche, M Cervigni, S Elneil, M Fall, T Hald, T Hanus, H Hedlund, G Hohlbrugger, T Horn, S Larsen, M Leppilahti, S Mortensen, M Nagendra, P.D Oliveira, J Osborne, C Riedl, J Sairanen, M Tinzl, J.J Wyndaele
Journal: European Urology (2003)
Quantitative ultrasonic tissue characterization with real-time integrated backscatter imaging in normal human subjects and in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
Authors: Z Vered, B Barzilai, G A Mohr, L J Thomas, R Genton, B E Sobel, T A Shoup, H E Melton, J G Miller, J E Pérez
Journal: Circulation (1987)

We have shown previously that the physical properties of myocardium in dogs can be characterized with quantitative ultrasonic integrated backscatter and that interrogation of the tissue with ultrasound can delineate cardiac cycle-dependent changes in ultrasonic backscatter in normal tissue that disappear with ischemia and reappear with reperfusion if functional integrity is restorable. To determine whether this approach can be applied to man, we implemented an automatic gain compensation and continuous data acquisition system to characterize myocardium with quantitative ultrasonic backscatter and to detect cardiac cycle-dependent changes in real time. We developed a two-dimensional echocardiographic system with quantitative integrated backscatter imaging capabilities for use in human subjects that can automatically differentiate ultrasonic signals from blood as opposed to those obtained from tissue and adjust the slope of the gain compensation appropriately. Real-time images were formed from a continuous signal proportional to the logarithm of the integrated backscatter along each A-line. In our initial investigation, 15 normal volunteers (ages 17 to 40 years, heart rates 44 to 88 beats/min) and five patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (ages 22 to 52, heart rates 82 to 120 beats/min) were studied with conventional parasternal long-axis echocardiographic views. Diastolic-to-systolic variation of integrated backscatter in the interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall was seen in each of the normal subjects averaging 4.6 +/- 1.4 dB (SD) and 5.3 +/- 1.5 dB (n = 127 sites), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rare missense variants in POT1 predispose to familial cutaneous malignant melanoma
Authors: Jianxin Shi, Xiaohong R Yang, Bari Ballew, Melissa Rotunno, Donato Calista, Maria Concetta Fargnoli, Paola Ghiorzo, Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets, Eduardo Nagore, Marie Francoise Avril, Neil E Caporaso, Mary L McMaster, Michael Cullen, Zhaoming Wang, Xijun Zhang, William Bruno, Lorenza Pastorino, Paola Queirolo, Jose Banuls-Roca, Zaida Garcia-Casado, Amaury Vaysse, Hamida Mohamdi, Yasser Riazalhosseini, Mario Foglio, Fanélie Jouenne, Xing Hua, Paula L Hyland, Jinhu Yin, Haritha Vallabhaneni, Weihang Chai, Paola Minghetti, Cristina Pellegrini, Sarangan Ravichandran, Alexander Eggermont, Mark Lathrop, Ketty Peris, Giovanna Bianchi Scarra, Giorgio Landi, Sharon A Savage, Joshua N Sampson, Ji He, Meredith Yeager, Lynn R Goldin, Florence Demenais, Stephen J Chanock, Margaret A Tucker, Alisa M Goldstein, Yie Liu, Maria Teresa Landi
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Small Advanced Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Rectum Discovered in an Adenomatous Polyp
Authors: S. Mukhopadhyay, A. Marhaba, J. Sidhu
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

A 60-year-old man presented with worsening right upper quadrant pain, diarrhea and weight loss. Computerized tomography revealed multiple lesions in the liver that were suspicious for metastatic disease (Figure [1]). In search of a primary lesion, colonoscopy was performed. Two rectal polyps were found and removed with snare cautery. One of the polyps (0.9 cm) showed a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (0.3 cm), arising in a tubulovillous adenoma, invading the muscularis mucosae but not the submucosa (Figure [2]). Multiple step sections, exhausting almost all the tissue, were examined, looking for deeper invasion, but none was identified. Although cautery artifact was present at the deep edge of the specimen, it was not severe enough to warrant concern about any destruction of evidence of submucosal tumor. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin but negative for chromogranin. Positivity for two out of three neuroendocrine markers supported the probability of the neuroendocrine nature of the tumor. Fine-needle aspiration of the liver lesions showed cells similar to the rectal primary. The liver tumor showed an immunohistochemical staining pattern identical to that of the rectal tumor, being positive for neuron-specific enolase and synaptophysin but negative for chromogranin. An extensive radiological work-up, including positron emission tomography, was negative for any other alternative primary lesions. The patient declined therapy and was discharged to hospice care.
Health care in London. Inadequate provision for long-term care.
Authors: C Victor
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Health care in LondonOther cities also overbedded EDITOR,-Brian Jarman takes issue with the recommendations of the Tomlinson report and the government's response, which have suggested the closure of several hospitals in London, by arguing that the data on provision and use of beds in all specialties by London residents do not amount to a case for reducing the total stock of hospital beds in London at a rate faster than elsewhere.'He shows
US Surgeon General David Satcher, MD, PhD
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Are Hemodynamics Surrogate End Points in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?
Authors: Corey E. Ventetuolo, Nicole B. Gabler, Jason S. Fritz, K. Akaya Smith, Harold I. Palevsky, James R. Klinger, Scott D. Halpern, Steven M. Kawut
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Although frequently assessed in trials and clinical practice, hemodynamic response to therapy has never been validated as a surrogate end point for clinical events in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Methods and Results— We performed a patient-level pooled analysis of 4 randomized, placebo-controlled trials to determine whether treatment-induced changes in hemodynamic values at 12 weeks accounted for the relationship between treatment assignment and the probability of early clinical events (death, lung transplantation, atrial septostomy, PAH hospitalization, withdrawal for clinical worsening, or escalation in PAH therapy). We included 1119 subjects with PAH. The median (interquartile range) age was 48 years (37–59 years), and 23% were men. A total of 656 patients (59%) received active therapy (101 [15%] iloprost, 118 [18%] sitaxsentan, 204 [31%] sildenafil, and 233 [36%] subcutaneous treprostinil). Active treatment significantly lowered right atrial pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance and increased cardiac output and index ( P &lt;0.01 for all). Changes in hemodynamic values (except for right atrial pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure) were significantly associated with the risk of a clinical event ( P &lt;0.02 for all). Although active treatment approximately halved the odds of a clinical event compared with placebo ( P &lt;0.001), changes in hemodynamics accounted for only 1.2% to 13.9% of the overall treatment effect. Conclusions— Treatment-induced changes in hemodynamics at 12 weeks only partially explain the impact of therapy on the probability of early clinical events in PAH. These findings suggest that resting hemodynamics are not valid surrogate end points for short-term events in PAH clinical trials.
Prognostic value of exercise pulmonary haemodynamics in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Ari Chaouat, Olivier Sitbon, Magalie Mercy, Raphaëlle Ponçot-Mongars, Steeve Provencher, Anne Guillaumot, Emmanuel Gomez, Christine Selton-Suty, Pascale Malvestio, Denis Regent, Christophe Paris, Philippe Hervé, François Chabot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic value of right heart catheterisation variables measured during exercise. 55 incident patients with idiopathic, familial or anorexigen-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) underwent right heart catheterisation at rest and during exercise and 6-min walk testing before PAH treatment initiation. Patients were treated according to recommendations within the next 2 weeks. Right heart catheterisation was repeated 3–5 months into the PAH treatment in 20 patients. Exercise cardiac index decreased gradually as New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class increased whereas cardiac index at rest was not significantly different across NYHA groups. Baseline 6-min walk distance correlated significantly with exercise and change in cardiac index from rest to exercise (r=0.414 and r=0.481, respectively; p&lt;0.01). Change in 6-min walk distance from baseline to 3–5 months under PAH treatment was highly correlated with change in exercise cardiac index (r=0.746, p&lt;0.001). The most significant baseline covariates associated with survival were change in systolic pulmonary artery pressure from rest to exercise and exercise cardiac index (hazard ratio 0.56 (95% CI 0.37–0.86) and 0.14 (95% CI 0.05–0.43), respectively). Change in pulmonary haemodynamics during exercise is an important tool for assessing disease severity and may help devise optimal treat-to-target strategies.
Reversion of Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Skin Infections to Methicillin-Susceptible Isolates
Authors: Anisha B. Patel, Emma Hill, Eric L. Simpson, Jon M. Hanifin
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> The rise of methicillin-resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>(MRSA) infections in the outpatient setting has led to a growing trend of empirical antibiotic treatment for MRSA. The limited oral antibiotics available and the growing resistance to these antibiotics make this a controversial practice. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the frequency of patients with MRSA skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) reverting to methicillin-susceptible<i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>(MSSA) positivity. <h3>Design and Setting</h3> Retrospective medical record review of inpatients and outpatients from our university hospital and clinics between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2010. <h3>Participants</h3> Patients in our institutional microbiological database were included if they had a MRSA-positive SSTI and subsequent culture-proven<i>S aureus</i>SSTI more than 1 month later. No sociodemographic restrictions were applied. A sample of at least 200 patients meeting the above criteria was desired. The database was sorted by ascending medical record number, with the first 1681 patients' medical records reviewed. Of these, 215 patients met our criteria. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Whether a patient remained MRSA positive in subsequent SSTIs or reverted to MSSA-positive infections. <h3>Results</h3> Of the total 215 patients, 64 (29.8%) had at least 1 incident of MSSA reversion, and 55 (25.6%) reverted to MSSA infections for the remainder of the study. We assessed various factors that might increase or decrease the likelihood of reversion. The presence of an invasive device was the only factor to demonstrate a statistically significant risk (relative risk, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.02-1.41;<i>P</i>= .03) toward remaining MRSA positive in subsequent infections. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Patients with MRSA SSTIs demonstrated the ability to revert to subsequent MSSA SSTIs with a significant frequency. Further study regarding MRSA risk factors and their effects on subsequent infections would be valuable in guiding empirical treatment. Reculturing new infections in previously MRSA-positive patients is a prudent management strategy as we recognize that susceptibilities of the<i>S aureus</i>organisms change.
The Effect of Age and Body Weight on the Electrocardiogram of Healthy Men
Authors: ERNST SIMONSON, ANCEL KEYS
Journal: Circulation (1952)

It is believed that proper evaluation of the electrocardiogram of a patient should mean comparison with the electrocardiographic features in healthy individuals who are in other respects comparable. Among the "other respects," age and body weight are important constitutional variables. The present information about the effect of these factors on the electrocardiogram is not adequate and, therefore, the differentiation between normal and abnormal is less precise than need be. In this paper, information is provided on the effect of age and body weight on the electrocardiogram, on the basis of a statistical analysis of various electrocardiographic items in numerically adequate samples of normal male population. It is shown that the effect of both age and weight is statistically highly significant, so that their consideration in electrocardiographic normal standards is suggested.
A Review of Recent Italian Work on Rheumatism: I.--Rheumatic Fever
Authors: P. Ravenna
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1939)

By PAOLO RAVENNA RHEUMATIC fever (Rh.F.) has recently been the object of numerous and extensive Italian studies.These have been carried out more especially in the University Medical Clinics directed by Professors F. Micheli (Turin), Ceconi (Turin) and Frugoni (Rome), and in the Institutes of Pathology directed by Professors Pepere (Milan) and Veratti (Pavia).