tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BENZOL IN THE TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA
Authors: FRANK BILLINGS
Journal: JAMA (1913)

by Hamman and Sloan3 in two of their cases, but the side affected is not mentioned.Sloan4 speaks of four eases of pleural effusion occurring in six cases of artifi- cial pneumothorax progressing favorably.Undoubtedly, the great majority of these effusions are insignificant in character.At times they pass unrecognized till they are revealed by the x-ray.As this subject is fully treated in the article by Weiss,1 I shall refer but briefly to our experiences at the Phipps Institute.Here seven patients, all with far advanced cases, bave received artificial pneumothorax, and of these three have developed effusions on the treated side.The succussion splash was present in all the cases, though none of the patients detected the splash on the first occa¬ sion when it was beard by the physician.In one case percussion failed to indicate fluid at the time the suc¬ cussion splash was first audible.In all three cases the pneumothorax was complete and has remained-so till the present, though from four to six weeks have elapsed since tbe injections were discontinued.In all the cases the quantity of fluid was small, and no appreciable effects were produced.The fluid was recognized from two to three months after institution of treatment, and from four to six weeks after its suspension.The .r-ray and aspiration were not resorted to in any of the cases.In two the total effect of the treatment has been uncertain ; in oncease the disease has progressed.Initial injections varying from 850 to -toO c.C. were made; the largest amount given at any one injection was 760 c.c, and tbe intervals between injections ranged from three to twenty days.The nitrogen in these eases was injected by Dr.
Letter: E-rosette inhibition test of T-lymphocyte sensitization.
Authors: H M Chapel, J R Batchelor
Journal: BMJ (1974)

walls of which, though distended, can be advanced caudally and united to the perineum.1The use of a free skin graft to line a pocket newly created between the bladder and rectum may be a simple pro- cedure but an annular construction often develops at the site of union between the graft and vaginal epithelium, which necessitates the frequent use of moulds in order to retain vaginal patency.
WHAT IS THE OPTIMAL METHOD BY CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY FOR DIAGNOSING LESIONS THAT CAUSE ISCHEMIA? A DIRECT COMPARISON TO FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE
Authors: Ryo Nakazato, Aryeh Shalev, Joon–Hyung Doh, Bon–Kwon Koo, Daniel Berman, James Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease and Its Risk Factors in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects in Finland
Authors: Markku Laakso, Tapani Rönnemaa, Kalevi Pyörälä, Veikko Kallio, Pauli Puukka, Ilkka Penttilä
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) and its risk factors in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and nondiabetic subjects was carried out from 1982 to 1984 in East Finland (Kuopio)and West Finland (Turku), two areas known to differ markedly in prevalence ofASVD in the nondiabetic population. A total of 510 diabetic and 649 nondiabetic subjects aged 45–64 yr were examined in East Finland and 549 diabetic and 724 nondiabetic subjects of the same age in West Finland. In both areas and in both sexes the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and intermittent claudication was higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. Both in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects the prevalence of ASVD was higher in East Finland than in West Finlandase (CHD), stroke, and intermittent claudication was higher in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. Both in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects the prevalence of ASVD was higher in East Finland than in West Finland. In men, the East-West difference in the prevalence of symptomatic CHD and claudication was greater in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In both areas and in both sexes the serum lipid pattern was more atherogenic and hypertension was more frequent in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects, serum total-cholesterol level was somewhat higher and hypertension was more frequent in East Finland than in West Finland. The East-West difference in serum total-cholesterol was greater in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. In multiple logistic analyses including cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes status, and area of residence, residence in East Finland was found to be, in addition to diabetes, a strong independent factor associated with CHD, particularly in men.
THE USE OF A MYDRIATIC AFTER THE AGE OF FORTY-FIVE.
Authors: HORACE M. STARKEY
Journal: JAMA (1903)

In discussing this topic it will be well to keep in mind the distinction between mydriatics and cycloplegics, remembering that the former, in so far as they are mydriatics only, dilate the pupil without affecting the ciliary muscle, and that the effect desired in the latter is to suspend the action of the ciliary muscle and so paralyze the accommodation. While there is no known cycloplegic which does not at the same time dilate the pupil, there are mydriatics which have but little effect on the accommodation. It is probable that our committee, in arranging the subjects for special discussion at this time, had more particular reference to the use of a cycloplegic in refraction work after the age of 45. but the writer has had no intimation that this is the case, and the topic will receive a somewhat broader treatment. While the main discussion will center about such
Relationship between Alexithymia, Dissociation and Personality in Psychiatric Outpatients
Authors: Thomas N. Wise, Lee S. Mann, Michael J. Sheridan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2000)

The relationship between alexithymia and dissociation is not known. Both mechanisms ward off overwhelming affective states; hence, this report examines the relationship between dissociation, alexithymia, depressed mood and the five-factor model of personality in a sample of psychiatric outpatients.One hundred and sixteen outpatients were evaluated using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), NEO Five-Factor Inventory and visual analog scales assessing depression and anxiety. Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance, logistic regression and linear regression techniques.Depressed mood accounted for the group differences between the global TAS and DES scores. Using DES both dimensionally and categorically with regression models, there was minimal contribution of DES or its subfactors to predict TAS.These data reaffirm previous findings that dissociation fundamentally differs from alexithymia. Dissociation involves a change of one's sense, of self, whereas alexithymia reflects a cognitive state of externally oriented thinking with an inability to identify and report discrete emotions.
Breast Cancer Patient With an Uncommon Lymphatic Drainage Evidenced by SPECT/CT
Authors: David Groheux, Romuald Ferré, Domenico Rubello, Laetitia Vercellino, Elif Hindié
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

SPECT/CT reinforces the role of lymphoscintigraphy in breast cancer by solving some cases with difficult reading on planar scintigraphy. An 80-year-old woman was referred to our institution for management of a screen-detected, nonpalpable, invasive lobular carcinoma of lower inner quadrant of the left breast. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed before surgery. Planar images showed an axillary sentinel node and 2 medially located hot spots. SPECT/CT allowed determining that one of the extra-axillary drainage sites was to the internal mammary basin, while the second corresponded to a mediastinal lymph node. Although this drainage was unexpected, mediastinum is a common site of breast cancer recurrence.
P76 General and respiratory health outcomes in adult survivors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review
Authors: A. Gough, D. Spence, M. A. Linden, L. McGarvey, H. Halliday
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common form of chronic lung disease in infancy and the second most common after asthma in children. With the improved survival of extremely preterm infants the incidence of BPD has increased. Currently there is only limited information on the health of BPD survivors who have reached adulthood. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to examine current empirical research on adult survivors of BPD. <h3>Methods</h3> Six electronic databases were searched between 1950 and February 2010 (Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL Plus) and Web of Knowledge. Studies were independently screened and were only included if they related to the assessment of outcome measures in adult survivors of BPD. From a total of 1453 search results, 14 eligible studies were included in the review. Data on methodological design and findings were extracted from each included study; in addition the methodological quality of each study was assessed using the <i>Critical Appraisal Skills Programme</i> (<i>CASP</i>) checklist. <h3>Results</h3> 14 cohort studies met the review criteria. 12 scored highly on the CASP checklist, with a score &gt;10 out of 12. No study scored less than 7. Nine studies included a control group and only four studies in total had a singular focus on BPD outcomes. Six controlled studies found differences between the groups on respiratory symptoms. 11 studies carried out lung function testing and found evidence of airflow obstruction. Of these, one study found no difference between preterm and controls. However, there were only seven adults who were born preterm with BPD in this study. Five studies in total examined radiographical outcomes, and all found evidence of abnormalities. Those with moderate-severe BPD were found to be most affected compared to mild BPD subjects. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The effects of BPD on pulmonary function do not diminish over time. This may reflect issues related to means of testing, differing definitions and classification of BPD, and the adaptation of individuals to their circumstances over time.
Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase) for Ischemic Stroke 3 to 5 Hours After Symptom Onset
Authors: Wayne M. Clark, Stanley Wissman, Gregory W. Albers, Jack H. Jhamandas, Kenneth P. Madden, Scott Hamilton, None for the ATLANTIS Study Investigators
Journal: JAMA (1999)

ContextRecombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) improves outcomes for patients with acute ischemic stroke, but current approved use is limited to within 3 hours of symptom onset. This restricts the number of patients who can be treated, since most stroke patients present more than 3 hours after symptom onset.ObjectiveTo test the efficacy and safety of rt-PA in patients with acute ischemic stroke when administered between 3 and 5 hours after symptom onset.DesignThe Alteplase ThromboLysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke (ATLANTIS) study is a phase 3, placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized study conducted between December 1993 and July 1998, with up to 90 days of follow-up.SettingOne hundred forty university and community hospitals in North America.PatientsAn intent-to-treat population of 613 acute ischemic stroke patients was enrolled, with 547 of these treated as assigned within 3 to 5 hours of symptom onset. A total of 39 others were treated within 3 hours of symptom onset, 24 were treated more than 5 hours after symptom onset, and 3 never received any study drug.InterventionAdministration of 0.9 mg/kg of rt-PA (n = 272) or placebo (n = 275) intravenously over 1 hour.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary efficacy was an excellent neurologic recovery at day 90 (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score of ≤1); secondary end points included excellent recovery on functional outcome measures (Barthel index, modified Rankin scale, and Glasgow Outcome Scale) at days 30 and 90. Serious adverse events were also assessed.ResultsIn the target population, 32% of the placebo and 34% of rt-PA patients had an excellent recovery at 90 days (P = .65). There were no differences on any of the secondary functional outcome measures. In the first 10 days treatment with rt-PA significantly increased the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (1.1% vs 7.0% [P&lt;.001]), a symptomatic ICH (4.7% vs 11.4% [P = .004]), and fatal ICH (0.3% vs 3.0% [P&lt;.001]). Mortality at 90 days was 6.9% with placebo and 11.0% with rt-PA (P = .09). Results in the intent-to-treat population were similar.ConclusionsThis study found no significant rt-PA benefit on the 90-day efficacy end points in patients treated between 3 and 5 hours. The risk of symptomatic ICH increased with rt-PA treatment. These results do not support the use of intravenous rt-PA for stroke treatment beyond 3 hours.
Chronic subcorneal pustulosis with vasculitis: a variant of generalized pustular psoriasis in black South Africans
Authors: R.J. BARLOW, E.J. SCHULZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Journal Article Chronic subcorneal pustulosis with vasculitis: a variant of generalized pustular psoriasis in black South Africans Get access R.J. BARLOW, R.J. BARLOW Medical University of Southern Africa. Pretoria. South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.J. SCHULZ E.J. SCHULZ University of the Witwatersrand. Johannesburg. South Africa Professor E.J. Schulz. Division of Dermatology. Area 553, Johannesburg Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 124, Issue 5, 1 May 1991, Pages 470–474, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb00628.x Published: 01 May 1991
Monitoring of human populations at risk by different cytogenetic end points.
Authors: W A Anwar
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Humans are exposed to a large number of environmental genotoxic agents. These can increase the probability that somatic mutation will occur. The use of genotoxicity testing is essential for assessment of potential human toxicity so that hazards can be prevented. Cytogenetic monitoring of human populations exposed to chemicals has proved to be a useful tool for detecting the chemical mutagenic effects. Cytogenetic analysis of human chromosomes in peripheral lymphocytes allows direct detection of mutation in somatic cells. Cytogenetic monitoring of a group of traffic policemen from Cairo, Egypt, was an example of a human population study. The induction of chromosomal damage was studied in a group of 28 traffic policemen with exposure of over 10 years and a control group of 15 policemen trainers. Blood lead level was significantly higher in the traffic policemen (30 +/- 8.7) unit compared to the control group (18.2 +/- 1.2) unit. The percentage of chromosomal aberrations (7.7 +/- 3.1), as well as the mean sister chromatid exchanges (7.5 +/- 3.4), were significantly higher among the traffic policemen than in the control group. The percentage of chromosomal aberrations was 2.8 +/- 2.1 and the mean sister chromatid exchanges was 4.8 +/- 2.9 in the control group. On the other hand, the increase in chromosome damage among the traffic policemen was enhanced further by smoking. Several problems that are found in biomonitoring studies are discussed.
Wanted: A Clearly Articulated Social Ethic for American Health Care
Authors: Uwe E. Reinhardt
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Throughout the past 3 decades, Americans have been locked in a tenacious ideological debate whose essence can be distilled into the following pointed question: As a matter of national policy, and to the extent that a nation's health system can make it possible, should the child of a poor American family have the same chance of avoiding preventable illness or of being cured from a given illness as does the child of a rich American family?  The yeas in all other industrialized nations had won that debate hands down decades ago, and these nations have worked hard to put in place health insurance and health care systems to match that predominant sentiment. In the United States, on the other hand, the nays so far have carried the day. As a matter of conscious national policy, the United States always has and still does openly countenance the practice of rationing health
Digoxin — New Perspective on an Old Drug
Authors: Eric J Eichhorn, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

After all, in spite of opinion, prejudice or error, Time will fix the real value upon this discovery, and determine whether I have imposed upon myself and others, or contributed to the benefit of science and mankind.— William Withering, 1785Since 1785, when Sir William Withering published his treatise on the use of foxglove (see Figure), our perspective on the use of digitalis has continued to change. Withering believed that digitalis had a diuretic effect in patients with a weak and irregular pulse who had edema.Only in the early 20th century did digitalis begin to be considered useful . . .
The influence of saline loading on renal glucose reabsorption in the rat
Authors: Alan M. Robson, Prem L. Srivastava, Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Glucose titration studies were performed in normal rats under control conditions and during expansion of the extracellular fluid volume. In association with expansion, the maximal rate of glucose transport (Tm(glucose)) decreased while glomerular filtration rate (GFR) typically increased; thus there was a consistent increase in the GFR/Tm(glucose) ratio. In previous studies, marked reduction of the nephron population was associated with an alteration in the kinetics of glucose transport and GFR/Tm(glucose) ratios were observed to increase. In both volume-expanded rats and in animals and human beings with uremia, the splay in the titration curve is increased. Finally in both volume-expanded animals and uremic animals fractional reabsorption of sodium is depressed. One interpretation of the present data is that the natriuretic "third factor" may influence a key rate-limiting step in glucose transport; and it is possible that this step is shared by or coupled to a rate-limiting step in sodium transport.
US seniors group attacks pharmaceutical industry "fronts"
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The giant US seniors group AARP, which has 35 million members aged over 50, has accused the pharmaceutical industry of funding “front” groups that purport to represent older Americans but instead push industry friendly political messages.

An investigation by the AARP Bulletin has discovered that three key organisations, the United Seniors Association, the Seniors Coalition, and the 60 Plus Association, have all received substantial contributions in recent years from the drug industry.

“When the pharmaceutical industry speaks these days, many Americans may not be able to recognize …
Fostriecin, an Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A, Limits Myocardial Infarct Size Even When Administered After Onset of Ischemia
Authors: Christof Weinbrenner, Christopher P. Baines, Guang-Shung Liu, Stephen C. Armstrong, Charles E. Ganote, Aimée H. Walsh, Richard E. Honkanen, Michael V. Cohen, James M. Downey
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The role of protein phosphatases (PPs) during ischemic preconditioning in the rabbit heart was examined. Methods and Results —Fostriecin, a potent inhibitor of PP2A, was administered to isolated rabbit hearts starting either 15 minutes before or 10 minutes after the onset of a 30-minute period of regional ischemia and continuing until the onset of reperfusion. After 2 hours of reperfusion, infarct size was measured with triphenyltetrazolium chloride. In a second study with isolated rabbit cardiomyocytes, the effect of fostriecin pretreatment was assessed by measuring changes in cell osmotic fragility during simulated ischemia. PP1 and PP2A activities of isolated control and ischemically preconditioned cells were also measured. In a third series of experiments, left ventricular biopsies of isolated rabbit hearts were obtained before and at selected times during 60 minutes of global ischemia, and the tissue was assayed for PP1 and PP2A activities. In isolated hearts pretreated with fostriecin, only 8% of the ischemic zone infarcted, significantly less than that in untreated control hearts (33%; P &lt;0.001) but comparable to that in ischemically preconditioned hearts (9%; P &lt;0.001 versus control). Significant protection was also observed in the hearts treated only after the onset of ischemia (18% infarction; P &lt;0.05 versus control). In isolated myocytes, fostriecin also provided protection comparable to that produced by metabolic preconditioning. Preconditioning had no apparent effect on the activity of either PP1 or PP2A in isolated ventricular myocytes or ventricular tissue obtained from heart biopsies. Conclusions —Fostriecin, a potent inhibitor of PP2A, can protect the rabbit heart from infarction even when administered after the onset of ischemia. But inhibition of either PP1 or PP2A does not appear to be the mechanism of protection from ischemic preconditioning.
Quality of Life Before and After Liver Transplantation for Cholestatic Liver Disease
Authors: Cynthia R. Gross, Michael Malinchoc, Ray W. Kim, Roger W. Evans, Russell H. Wiesner, Janice L. Petz, Jeffrey S. Crippin, Goran B. Klintmalm, Marlon F. Levy, Paola Ricci, Terry M. Therneau, Rolland E. Dickson
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Liver transplantation (LT) is an established therapy for patients with end-stage primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). In this report, we describe the health status and quality of life (QOL) in patients with these cholestatic liver diseases before and after LT. A QOL questionnaire was completed by 157 adult patients with PBC or PSC before and 1 year after liver transplantation at the Mayo Clinic or Baylor University Medical Center. This questionnaire measured four aspects of QOL, including symptoms; physical, social, and emotional functioning; health perceptions; and overall QOL. Changes in these QOL parameters before and after LT were described, and regression analysis was used to assess the relationships between clinical and QOL factors. There were no differences in QOL parameters between patients with PBC and PSC. QOL following transplantation was substantially better than before transplantation. This was observed in all four aspects of QOL. The degree of improvement as measured by effect size (difference in mean scores divided by the pretransplantation standard deviation) was 0.53 for symptoms (P <.01), 1.16 for function (P <.01), 2.37 for health satisfaction (P <.01), and 1.16 for overall QOL (P <.01). Patients' overall QOL before transplantation was significantly related to subjective and objective health status indicators and clinical factors such as ascites and renal dysfunction. QOL at 1-year follow-up, however, could not be adequately predicted by the pretransplantation subjective health status and clinical factors. Patients with end-stage cholestatic disease undergoing LT experience substantial improvement in all aspects of QOL addressed in this study. The patients' QOL 1 year after LT could not be predicted by pretransplantation variables used in this study.
Transgenic mice expressing nuclear sterol regulatory element–binding protein 1c in adipose tissue exhibit liver histology similar to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Hitomi Nakayama, Shuichi Otabe, Takato Ueno, Naotoshi Hirota, Xiaohong Yuan, Tomoka Fukutani, Toshihiko Hashinaga, Nobuhiko Wada, Kentaro Yamada
Journal: Metabolism (2007)