tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Smallpox Vaccine in Plastic Tubing
Authors: C. Kaplan
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Towards the end of August a numtber of young girls weredseen with a different pattern of acne vulgaris.Tohe lesions were either confined to the forehead or most marked on the forehead (Fig. 1).All these girls had in common a popular hair style with a fringe coming down to the eyebrows (Fig. 2).It .,.,
Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer.
Authors: R V Heatley
Journal: BMJ (1991)

reviewed continually, and decisions made as to which worker takes responsibility.This results in low rates of referral to psychiatrists and low prescribing costs (especially for benzodiazepines).We believe that awareness of mental health factors may also enable us to have low referral rates in other specialties.Finally, Professor Sims does not mention the prevention of mental illness.Interested general practitioners are in a key position to detect hidden or early mental health problems.Having the resources, they tackle many of these problems without referral to a psychiatrist.Consultants should remember that primary health care teams, like patients, have different needs.Some may be good at treating varicose ulcers but poor at managing anxiety or vice versa.Consultant services therefore need to be flexible and educational and move out into health centres, thus strengthening the primary health care team and enhancing its capacity to cope.
Pegylated siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticle-driven amplification of cancer cell internalization in vivo
Authors: Lisa A. Tobin, Yili Xie, Maria Tsokos, Su I. Chung, Allison A. Merz, Michael A. Arnold, Guang Li, Harry L. Malech, King F. Kwong
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Abnormal immunoregulation in remission Hodgkin disease
Authors: M. R. Hutchins, R. B. Slease, J. L. Murray, K. E. Gawith, P. N. Grozea
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 patients with remission Hodgkin disease and 20 normal controls were incubated with irradiated allogeneic lymphocytes in oneway mixed lymphocyte cultures. Simultaneously, modified assays were performed by adding supplemental irradiated PBM, T lymphocytes, or adherent cells autologous to the responders. Baseline allogeneic responsiveness of patients and controls was not different. However, significant suppression (p &lt; .01) was demonstrated when the cultures were supplemented with patient mononuclear cells or adherent cells, an effect not found with similar supplemental cells from controls. Conversely, T‐cell supplementation of control cultures produced more than twofold increases in proliferation but significantly less augmentation in the patients' cultures (p &lt; .01). T‐cell subset analysis in six patients showed decreased helper:suppressor cell ratios. Hodgkin disease patients have adherent suppressor cells, which persist during remission, as well as a defect in T‐cell helper function.
536 THE COMBINATION EVEROLIMUS (RAD001) PLUS SORAFENIB IS SUPERIOR TO SORAFENIB MONOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: A.-C. Piguet, V. Radojevic, M. Afthinos, C. Hora, M. Ledermann, B. Saar, J.-F. Dufour
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Induced Abortion and Psychotherapy
Authors: Roberto Mester
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1978)

The modern women's emancipation movement, concerned with the right of women for self-determination in the question of abortion, embraces the assumption, borne out by most recent epidemiological studies, that abortion does not produce psychological damage in <i>most</i> women. However, an induced abortion is a stressing experience and may for some few susceptible women, even be a traumatic one. The psychotherapist who is overly influenced by statistics and the socio-political climate and/or his own insufficiently resolved inner conflicts, may unconsciously ignore or minimize the importance of an abortion experience for a specific patient in his care. As the case illustrations show, the focusing and thorough elaboration of this experience may determine the final successful outcome of treatment, especially in brief psychotherapies.
False-Positive Reactions for Porphobilinogen
Authors: Morris H. Fine
Journal: JAMA (1966)

FOR MANY YEARS a positive test for porphobilinogen in urine as described by Watson and Schwartz in 1941<sup>1</sup>was accepted as diagnostic of acute intermittent porphyria. This concept was strengthened by 1,000 routine urinalyses by Hammond and Welker<sup>2</sup>in which no false-positive reactions were found. More recently, false-positive findings have been described, and based on observations by Schwartz et al,<sup>3</sup>Watson has proposed a modification of the original test to include an additional extraction with butanol to identify them.<sup>4</sup> It is the purpose of this paper to emphasize the usefulness and importance of the butanol extraction by describing a patient whose case was first diagnosed as acute intermittent porphyria, but who actually had a partially obstructing carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. The patient had atypical symptoms for intestinal obstruction with a strongly positive Watson-Schwartz test which proved to be a false-positive reaction. Although there were other
Government considers taking responsibility for ordering flu vaccine away from GPs
Authors: M. Billingsley
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The director of immunisation at the Department of Health of England has said that the case for ordering the seasonal flu vaccine centrally in the future is “pretty compelling.”

David Salisbury confirmed that a review of the process of ordering seasonal flu vaccine supplies is currently taking place but said that the decision to review the process was made well before the recent shortages. 

GPs are now ordering flu vaccine stocks for next winter, but Professor Salisbury said that any changes could not be implemented immediately. “If we want to be doing anything more significant we’ve got to realise that it will have little impact on the …
Phenomenological overflow and cognitive access
Authors: David M. Rosenthal
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract I argue that the partial-report results Block cites do not establish that phenomenology overflows cognitive accessibility, as Block maintains. So, without additional argument, the mesh he sees between psychology and neuroscience is unsupported. I argue further that there is reason to hold, contra Block, that phenomenology does always involve some cognitive access to the relevant experience.
HNE interacts directly with JNK isoforms in human hepatic stellate cells.
Authors: M Parola, G Robino, F Marra, M Pinzani, G Bellomo, G Leonarduzzi, P Chiarugi, S Camandola, G Poli, G Waeg, P Gentilini, M U Dianzani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

4-Hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (HNE) is an aldehydic end product of lipid peroxidation which has been detected in vivo in clinical and experimental conditions of chronic liver damage. HNE has been shown to stimulate procollagen type I gene expression and synthesis in human hepatic stellate cells (hHSC) which are known to play a key role in liver fibrosis. In this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying HNE actions in cultured hHSC. HNE, at doses compatible with those detected in vivo, lead to an early generation of nuclear HNE-protein adducts of 46, 54, and 66 kD, respectively, as revealed by using a monoclonal antibody specific for HNE-histidine adducts. This observation is related to the lack of crucial HNE-metabolizing enzymatic activities in hHSC. Kinetics of appearance of these nuclear adducts suggested translocation of cytosolic proteins. The p46 and p54 isoforms of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNKs) were identified as HNE targets and were activated by this aldehyde. A biphasic increase in AP-1 DNA binding activity, associated with increased mRNA levels of c-jun, was also observed in response to HNE. HNE did not affect the Ras/ERK pathway, c-fos expression, DNA synthesis, or NF-kappaB binding. This study identifies a novel mechanism linking oxidative stress to nuclear signaling in hHSC. This mechanism is not based on redox sensors and is stimulated by concentrations of HNE compatible with those detected in vivo, and thus may be relevant during chronic liver diseases.
840 ISOLATION AND FOUNCTIONAL IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL HUMAN HEPATIC GROWTH FACTOR: HEPATOPOIETIN CN
Authors: C.-P. Cui, C.-T. Wu, L.-S. Wang, D.-J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Chang, D.-D. Zhang, J. Liu, G.-S. Zhong, S.-J. Du
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Dying at Home
Authors: Wallace I. Sampson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

WE MAY now be passing out of the phase of fascination with institutions and technology. People seem to want to regain control of their lives and of their deaths. Except in smaller towns, medicine has not been geared to home care, so we need to reorient ourselves to the desires of people who want to die at home. Most patients and families want to share their last days together at home. The physician can respond helpfully if he has confidence and the means of support at hand. <h3>What Are the Advantages? —</h3> Relationships previously fragmented or guilt-ridden can be cemented while nursing a dying relative. It is possible to talk about problems previously unmentionable. The opportunity to nurse a close one can expiate guilt and result in warm memories after death. The dying person can feel accepted and cared for, free of fear of being mishandled, turned too roughly, not
Screening for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Lung Cancer in Individuals with a History of Asbestos Exposure
Authors: Heidi C. Roberts, Demetris A. Patsios, Narinder S. Paul, Marc dePerrot, Warren Teel, Hamid Bayanati, Frances Shepherd, Michael R. Johnston
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Regional myocardial perfusion during chronic biventricular pacing and after acute change of the pacing mode in patients with congestive heart failure and bundle branch block treated with an atrioventricular sequential biventricular pacemaker
Authors: Jens Cosedis Nielsen, Morten Bøttcher, Henrik Kjærulf Jensen, Torsten Toftegaard Nielsen, Anders Kirstein Pedersen, Peter Thomas Mortensen
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2003)
Profiling of residual breast cancers after neoadjuvant chemotherapy identifies DUSP4 deficiency as a mechanism of drug resistance
Authors: Justin M Balko, Rebecca S Cook, David B Vaught, María G Kuba, Todd W Miller, Neil E Bhola, Melinda E Sanders, Nara M Granja-Ingram, J Joshua Smith, Ingrid M Meszoely, Janine Salter, Mitch Dowsett, Katherine Stemke-Hale, Ana M González-Angulo, Gordon B Mills, Joseph A Pinto, Henry L Gómez, Carlos L Arteaga
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Hepatitis B and Liver Transplantation -- Problems and Promises
Authors: Robert P. Perrillo, Andrew L. Mason
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The health problems associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are immense. Roughly 5 percent of the world's population is chronically infected with HBV, and this is often said to be the chief cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Even in the United States, an area of low endemicity, there are more than 1 million carriers of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Cirrhosis develops in about 25 percent of carriers, and once it becomes clinically apparent, the chance of surviving five years is approximately 50 percent1,2. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that 4000 to . . .
Mechanisms of Endotoxin-Induced Airway and Pulmonary Vascular Hyperreactivity in Mice
Authors: HEINZ-DIETER HELD, STEFAN UHLIG
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Endotoxin is thought to contribute to pulmonary hyperresponsiveness in byssinosis, asthma, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of this phenomenon in the isolated, blood-free perfused mouse lung. Perfusion with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had no effect on pulmonary resistance or pulmonary artery pressure, but induced airway hyperreactivity (AHR) to methacholine (MCh) and pulmonary vascular hyperreactivity (VHR) to platelet-activating factor (PAF). Blockade of the thromboxane/endoperoxide (TP) receptor with SQ29.548 completely protected against LPS-induced AHR and VHR. Blockade of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) abolished LPS-induced VHR but suppressed LPS-induced AHR only marginally. COX-2 messenger RNA was upregulated in LPS-treated lungs, and inhibition of transcription with actinomycin D or of protein biosynthesis with cycloheximide protected against LPS-induced VHR but not AHR. Pretreatment with the radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine partly protected against LPS-induced AHR. In addition, perfusion of mouse lungs with the isoprostane 8–epiprostaglandin F2 α (8–epi-PGF2 α), which may be formed as a consequence of oxidative stress in the lung, elicited AHR, which was completely blocked by SQ29.548. Enzyme immunoassay did not detect either 8–epi-PGF2 αor thromboxane B2 in perfusate samples. Our findings show that LPS induces AHR and VHR in mouse lungs via activation of the TP receptor. Although induction of VHR depends on COX-2 activity, AHR is largely mediated by a non–COX-derived TP agonist, which might be a product of radical-induced lipid peroxidation.
The Not-So-Scalded Babies
Authors: Richard Faciana
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We were very pleased to read the editorial (<b>200</b>: 547, 1967) on the scalded skin syndrome as reported by Lowney et al (<i>Arch Derm</i><b>95</b>:359,1967). This syndrome has recently been brought into the limelight in excellent reviews.<sup>1-3</sup>In the past three years at the Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles there have been 13 cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis diagnosed in infants and toddlers. A retrospective review of our records since 1960 revealed four additional cases. In the earlier years, possibly the diagnosis was erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or dermatologic diseases with massive desquamation. It is possible, as suggested in recent reviews, that we have recently experienced a sudden increased incidence of this systemic disease. None of the patients presented in the Table died or had prolonged hospitalization. Four were exposed to red dyes contained in newly purchased, unwashed clothing within 48 hours preceding the onset
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN PERICARDITIS.
Authors: FRANK BILLINGS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Pericarditis is essentially a secondary process occurring in the course of some general infection. The local manifestations may be so slight as to escape observation and the general symptoms to which the local disease may give rise may be obscured by the constitutional disturbance of the primary general infection. It happens, therefore, that the diagnosis of pericarditis is more often made at the autopsy than clinically. Dry or plastic pericarditis may occur without symptoms, and unless careful auscultation be made daily in the course of rheumatic fever, pneumonia, etc., the chief diagnostic sign, the pericardial friction rub may escape detection. With effusion, pericarditis may cause an irregular remittent or intermittent type of fever, usually of moderate degree; respiration is often hurried; the pulse frequently quickened and altered in rhythm and quality, and there may be nervous disturbance. However, these same general symptoms may be present as the result of the
Career choices of United Kingdom medical graduates of 1999 and 2000: questionnaire surveys
Authors: T. W Lambert
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In 1978-87, case fatality rates for all hospitals combined were 39.7% at 30 days and 56.9% at one year (table).In 1988-97, the corresponding figures were 32.9% and 48.9%.The table shows that case fatality rates were lower for the region's teaching hospital (I) than for all other hospitals combined.Significant differences were also seen between individual nonteaching hospitals.Variation between the teaching hospital and individual non-teaching hospitals reduced over time.Differences in case fatality rates during the first 30 days accounted for the differences between hospitals and most of the difference over time (table ).For 1988-97, the low case fatality rate for in-hospital deaths in hospital III within 30 days, calculated without data linked to death certificates, was as high as that in other hospitals when linked data were used.Otherwise, case fatality rates for in-hospital deaths were good predictors of hospitals' relative rankings when rates were calculated with data linked to death certificates (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between in-hospital deaths and deaths anywhere at 30, 90, and 365 days were 0.83, 0.86, and 0.88 in 1987-98 and 0.93, 0.81, and 0.71 in 1988-97).Age and sex standardised case fatality rates at 30 days in 1978-87 and 1988-97 were 33.2 and 24.7 in people < 75 years and 27.5 and 19.8 in those < 65.Differences between hospitals for case fatality rates in patients < 75 and < 65 years were similar to those found for patients of all ages, although with diminishing statistical power not all comparisons reached significance (see tables A-C on bmj.com).
Status of hepatitis B virus DNA in alcoholic liver disease: A study of a large urban population in the United States
Authors: Tse-Ling Fong, Sugantha Govindarajan, Boontar Valinluck, Allan G. Redeker
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Two reports have shown hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and liver tissue in alcoholic liver disease with negative serum HBsAg, suggesting a pathogenetic role for hepatitis B virus. We studied hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and liver from three groups of alcoholic patients; (Group 1) 50 patients without liver disease, (Group 2) 108 patients with alcoholic liver disease and (Group 3) five patients with alcoholic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Serum was tested for HBsAg, anti-hepatitis B core and anti-hepatitis B surface by radioimmunoassay and hepatitis B virus DNA by direct spot hybridization. Liver tissue from Groups 2 and 3 (113 patients) was examined by Southern blot analysis using 32P-labeled hepatitis B virus DNA clone from pBR322. Controls were 21 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (14 patients with chronic active hepatitis, seven patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma). Serum and tissue were analyzed for hepatitis B virus DNA. Hepatitis B virus DNA was not detected in either serum or liver tissue in any of the 163 patients (Groups 1 to 3). In contrast, among the controls, hepatitis B virus DNA was present in the serum of 15 of the 21. Tissue DNA in those with chronic active hepatitis revealed 10/14 with free hepatitis B virus DNA, two with integrated sequences and two with no viral sequences. All seven patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had integrated viral DNA sequences in the tumor tissues. From these results, it appears that hepatitis B virus does not play a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease.
A Protocol for Diagnosing the Effect of Calibration Priors on Posterior Time Estimates: A Case Study for the Cambrian Explosion of Animal Phyla
Authors: Fabia U. Battistuzzi, Paul Billing-Ross, Oscar Murillo, Alan Filipski, Sudhir Kumar
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2015)

We present a procedure to test the effect of calibration priors on estimated times, which applies a recently developed calibration-free approach (RelTime) method that produces relative divergence times for all nodes in the tree. We illustrate this protocol by applying it to a timetree of metazoan diversification (Erwin DH, Laflamme M, Tweedt SM, Sperling EA, Pisani D, Peterson KJ. 2011. The Cambrian conundrum: early divergence and later ecological success in the early history of animals. Science 334:1091-1097.), which placed the divergence of animal phyla close to the time of the Cambrian explosion inferred from the fossil record. These analyses revealed that the two maximum-only calibration priors in the pre-Cambrian are the primary determinants of the young divergence times among animal phyla in this study. In fact, these two maximum-only calibrations produce divergence times that severely violate minimum boundaries of almost all of the other 22 calibration constraints. The use of these 22 calibrations produces dates for metazoan divergences that are hundreds of millions of years earlier in the Proterozoic. Our results encourage the use of calibration-free approaches to identify most influential calibration constraints and to evaluate their impact in order to achieve biologically robust interpretations.
Liposome-incorporated corticosteroids. II. Therapeutic activity in experimental arthritis.
Authors: N C Phillips, D P Thomas, C G Knight, J T Dingle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

The anti-inflammatory activity of liposomes containing cortisol palmitate was determined in experimental acute arthritis in the rabbit knee by measuring joint temperature and diameter. The therapeutic activity of the liposome preparation was dose-dependent for both these parameters of inflammation. Liposomal corticosteroid therapy was effective also in decreasing the joint temperature of an acute inflammatory 'flare' superimposed on an underlying chronic arthritis. Phosphatidic acid was necessary for expression of full anti-inflammatory activity of the liposome preparation.
The Use of Hexamethonium in Treatment of Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
Authors: JOHN H. WINDESHEIM, GRACE M. ROTH, RAY W. GIFFORD
Journal: Circulation (1955)

The effect of hexamethonium on hypertension has been widely studied but its effect on the peripheral blood vessels of patients with severe occlusive vascular disease has been studied on only a few patients although the drug has been used empirically in the treatment of such disease. Observations were made on the effect of hexamethonium ion administered subcutaneously in increasing doses of 10 to 50 mg. on the skin temperature of the fingers and toes, the blood pressure and the pulse rates of a group of patients with severe arteriosclerosis obliterans. On this group of patients hexamethonium had little or no effect.
Echocardiographic measurement of right ventricular volume.
Authors: R A Levine, T C Gibson, T Aretz, L D Gillam, D E Guyer, M E King, A E Weyman
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The volume of the right ventricle can be determined angiographically from its projections in two mutually perpendicular planes. Echocardiographic techniques for measuring right ventricular volume, however, have been more difficult and less successful. In this study, a method was developed for calculating right ventricular volume from two intersecting cross-sectional echocardiographic views: the apical four-chamber and subcostal right ventricular outflow tract views. First, the areas and lengths of casts of 12 human right ventricles obtained at autopsy were directly measured in the chosen views. Actual cast volumes correlated best with a formula giving volume as 2/3 times the area in one view times the long axis in the other view. The degree of correlation was similarly high for calculations involving the area derived from either view and the length of the roughly orthogonal section. This relationship for right ventricular volume was then confirmed with two-dimensional echocardiographic images of hollow latex molds made from the casts (r = .95, p less than .0001). The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to angiographic results and models of the right ventricle.
Hepatic Sodium-Potassium-Dependent ATPase in Obesity
Authors: George A. Bray, John G. Kral, Per Björntorp
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

IN a study by De Luise, Blackburn, and Flier,1 ouabain binding by sodium pumping units (sodium-potassium-ATPase) in red cells from obese subjects was shown to be significantly lower than in red cells from subjects with normal weights. This finding suggested that obese persons might be metabolically "more efficient" than lean ones. A similar reduction in the level of the sodium-pumping enzyme units has been reported in liver and muscle from obese (ob/ob) mice2 , 3 in which there is evidence of reduced basal metabolic expenditure4 and a marked sensitivity to cold.4 , 5 However, neither of these latter observations has been made in obese . . .