tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR VOLUME USING SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Gary R. Caputo, Michael M. Graham, Kirk D. Brust, J. Ward Kennedy, Wll B. Nelp
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

This is a report of a new method for measuring left ventricular (LV) volume using Tc-99m labeled red cells and single photon emission computed tomography (ECT). The 360 degree tomographic data are acquired in 22 minutes without ECG gating. From the reconstructed slices, the counts per calibrated voxel are determined in the center of the LV, which yields the counts per ml of blood (CPMB). The total LV counts are determined by adding the counts from all LV slices. The mean (ungated) ECT LV volume is the total LV counts divided by CPMB. End diastolic and end systolic volumes (EDV & ESV) are derived using a time-activity curve of the LV from a planar gated blood pool study. The EDV is the mean ECT LV volume times the ratio of ED counts to mean LV counts during the cardiac cycle. ESV is calculated similarly. The method was initially validated with Tc-99m filled balloon phantoms (50 - 400 ml) in water with background and a simulated right ventricle with R = .99 and a standard error (SEE) of 6.3 ml. Comparison was made with LV volume determined by single plane clneangiography in 30 consecutive patients with either coronary artery (N=26), cardiomyopathic (N=2), or valvular heart (N=2) disease. For the 30 determinations of EDV and ESV combined, R = .89 and SEE = 24 ml. Separately, the SEE for EDV = 24 ml and for ESV = 14 ml. With EDV and ESV combined, the mean Intra- and Inter-observer deviation was 12 ml and 14 ml with the SEE being 13 ml and 16 ml, respectively. We conclude that this non-invasive technique, requiring no assumption regarding LV geometry, is an accurate and reproducible way to measure LV volume.
Letter: Venous thromboembolism and anticoagulants in pregnancy.
Authors: M Henry
Journal: BMJ (1975)

enteral administration of hypertonic saline.Apparently the surgeon wished to use physio- logical saline (so-called 099% w/v) but pre- scribed "normal saline"; so the pharmacist made up normal saline (58-5 g/l), which is six times as strong, and this was given to the patient.This regrettable accident reinforces the need to abandon the use of "normal" (and of %) in medicine and in chemistry to de- scribe the concentration of a solution; this must be specified in appropriate SI units except for substances such as insulin where arbitrary units are still necessary.So physiological saline is 150 mmol/l (strictly 154) or 9 g/l, and chemically normal saline is 1 mol/l."Isotonic saline" is an acceptable alternative name for the former.Regrettably in Britain both Boots (Polyfusor) and the British Pharmaceutical Codex maintain the dangerous "normal" name.
WARNING TO THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS IN REGARD TO THE USE OF JEQUIRITY.
Authors: M. LANDESBERG
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Report of the Edinburgh Committee on the Action of Mercury on the Liver
Authors: J. H. Bennett
Journal: BMJ (1868)

when vegetative life alone survives; or, it may be, as I have witnessed, that the intellect is left to watch, unmoved, the onward march of that advancing d or ation which marks the degradation of the earthly tabernacle, calmly anticipating the moment when the last prop shall be withdrawn from the tottering fabric, and seeing in " the damp vault's daless gloom" the welcome portal to unbounded liberty and unfailing
Three dimensional geometry of acutely ischemic myocardium.
Authors: M L Marcus, R E Kerber, J Ehrhardt, F M Abboud
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The distribution of coronary flow to small segments of the entire left ventricle (96 per dog; average weight = 0.78 g) was studied in 28 open-chested dogs utilizing 7-10 mu labeled microspheres. Although the flow to large areas of the ventricle was nearly evenly distributed, there was considerable heterogeneity of flow to small adjacent segments of myocardium (average standard deviation of the flow distributions was 17.3 +/- 3.2% of mean lfow). Approximately one-half of the measured heterogeneity of flow could be attributed to various extraneous factors, and one-half appears to be due to inherent heterogeneity of flow in the left ventricular myocardium. In ten of 28 dogs, the mid-circumglex coronary was suddenly occluded, and five minutes thereafter the distribution of left ventricular flow was determined with microspheres labeled with a different isotope. The ischemic regments were separated into three groups: severely ischemic, moderately ischemic, and borderline ischemic. The three dimmensional geometry of the acutely ischemic myocardium was analyzed, and four general conclusions were reached. 1) The percent distribution of severely ischemic segments, moderately ischemic segments, and borderline ischemic segments within an ischemic region varies from animal to animal. 2) Subendocardial segments were more frequently and more severely affected than neighboring mid-wall or epicardial segments. 3) No evidence of an "hyperperfused zone" of myocardium surrounding the ischemic area was found. 4) The flows to segments immediately adjacent to the severely ischemic segments were heterogeneous. Therefore, the concept of a geometrically defined "buffer zone" of moderately ischemic myocardium surrounding and separating severely ischemic from normally perfused myocardium no longer seems realistic.
P2-196: Combined modality treatment using a non-platinum-containing regimen and concurrent radiotherapy in the treatment of locally-advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Swan Swan Leong, Kam Weng Fong, Wan Teck Lim, Chee Keong Toh, Swee Peng Yap, Eng Huat Tan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Completing the Arc: Targeted Inhibition of RET in Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Yariv Houvras
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.38.7639 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print December 12, 2011 PMID: 22162569 Completing the Arc: Targeted Inhibition of RET in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Yariv HouvrasxYariv HouvrasSearch for articles by this author Show More Weill Cornell Medical College and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.38.7639 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2011 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
SUBVOLUTION—A NEW PTERYGIUM OPERATION.
Authors: BOERNE BETTMAN
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Many theories have been advanced to explain the origin and mode of growth of pterygium. Arlt ascribes it to an erosion of the cornea at the scierai margin, which in healing pulls the conjunctiva into the cicatrix. Poncet found micrococci in some of his pathologic preparations, and regarded them in the light of etiologic factors. Theobald concluded that the long-continued action of the recti muscles, usually the interni, was the responsible cause. Mannhardt regardedepiscleritis as the promoting element. None of the explanations, however, are entirely satisfactory. A thorough and critical examination of this subject has recently been made by Fuchs of Vienna, who after long-continued clinical and microscopic investigation concluded that a pterygium results from a pinguecula; that the hyaline degeneration which occurs in this pathologic product is continued on the adjoining corneal tissue over which the conjunctiva is pulled. As many methods of operation have been introduced for the
Canadian drug safety initiative wins global support in campaign to have funding restored
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An independent drug watchdog, the Therapeutics Initiative,1 has received national and international support in its campaign to persuade the government of the province of British Columbia in Canada to restore its funding.

In an open letter2 released on 2 October, Canadian Doctors for Medicare and other signatories from around the world (including representatives of the Public Health Association of British Columbia, the Canadian Health Coalition, PharmaWatch Canada, Canadian Women’s Health Network, Health Action International, and the International Society of Independent Drug Bulletins) called on British Columbia’s premier and provincial government to restore funding to the Therapeutics Initiative.

The drug watchdog was established almost 20 …
Depressing Observations on the Use of Selective Serotonin-Reuptake Inhibitors during Pregnancy
Authors: James L. Mills
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a serious condition that typically occurs in full-term or near-term infants. Before birth, the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta; a high pulmonary arterial pressure results in low blood flow to the lungs and shunting of the oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation through the foramen ovale and the ductus arteriosus. PPHN occurs when pulmonary arterial pressure remains high after birth and poorly oxygenated blood continues to be shunted to the systemic circulation. In one study involving 155 full-term newborns with moderately severe PPHN, 11 died, and nearly half the survivors . . .
Evaluating Parents and Adult Caregivers as “Agents of Change” for Treating Obese Children: Evidence for Parent Behavior Change Strategies and Research Gaps
Authors: Myles S. Faith, Linda Van Horn, Lawrence J. Appel, Lora E. Burke, Jo Ann S. Carson, Harold A. Franch, John M. Jakicic, Tanja V.E. Kral, Angela Odoms-Young, Brian Wansink, Judith Wylie-Rosett
Journal: Circulation (2012)

This scientific statement addresses parents and adult caregivers (PACs) as “agents of change” for obese children, evaluating the strength of evidence that particular parenting strategies can leverage behavior change and reduce positive energy balance in obese youth. The statement has 3 specific aims. The first is to review core behavior change strategies for PACs as used in family-based treatment programs and to provide a resource list. The second is to evaluate the strength of evidence that greater parental “involvement” in treatment is associated with better reductions in child overweight. The third is to identify research gaps and new opportunities for the field. This review yielded limited and inconsistent evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials that greater PAC involvement necessarily is associated with better child outcomes. For example, only 17% of the intervention studies reported differential improvements in child overweight as a function of parental involvement in treatment. On the other hand, greater parental adherence with core behavior change strategies predicted better child weight outcomes after 2 and 5 years in some studies. Thus, the literature lacks conclusive evidence that one particular parenting strategy or approach causally is superior to others in which children have a greater focus in treatment. A number of research gaps were identified, including the assessment of refined parenting phenotypes, cultural tailoring of interventions, examination of family relationships, and incorporation of new technologies. A conceptual model is proposed to stimulate research identifying the determinants of PAC feeding and physical activity parenting practices, the results of which may inform new treatments. The statement addresses the need for innovative research to advance the scope and potency of PAC treatments for childhood obesity.
Low protein s in essential thrombocythemia with thrombosis
Authors: Maureen G. Conlan, William D. Haire
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract Patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) are at increased risk for large‐vessel and microvascular thrombosis, presumably because of abnormal platelet number and function. To determine if another hemostatic abnormality might contribute to this thrombotic risk, we investigated protein C and protein S and the fibrinolytic system in four patients with ET. The patients segregated into two distinct groups. The first group consisted of two patients with moderate thrombocytosis who were without thrombotic symptoms and who had normal protein S and protein C and normal fibrinolysis. The second group consisted of two patients with mild to moderate thrombocytosis and thrombosis. Both these latter two patients had abnormalities in protein S. The first patient had only 31% free protein S and 67% total protein S, with normal protein C and normal fibrinolysis. Following treatment, vasoocclusive symptoms resolved and platelet count decreased, but protein S remained low (28% free protein S). The second patient in this group had only 35% total protein S at initial study. Other hemostatic abnormalities were also present. Following treatment, symptoms resolved and protein S returned to normal. Based on this limited series, it appears that, in some patients with ET, thrombotic phenomena may be due to the presence of a second hemostatic abnormality in addition to the high platelet count and abnormal platelet function. This abnormality may be acquired as part of the disease process. Some of these abnormalities may be corrected following treatment.
Lyn Thomas Rees
Authors: Judy Rees
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​FormerFormer consultant anaesthetist University Hospital of Wales and health service ombudsman for Wales (b Barry 1924; q Welsh National School of Medicine 1947; FFA RCS, OBE), died from a brain tumour on 31 May 2005.




Figure 1




Lyn Rees did national service as a lieutenant in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Dar es Salaam. Returning in 1950, he began his career in anaesthesia when there were only three fully trained anaesthetists in Wales, the agents available were ether, chloroform, and nitrous oxide, and the use of curare for muscle relaxation was in its infancy. He became a consultant anaesthetist in Cardiff in 1959. Lyn was appointed health service ombudsman for Wales upon his retirement from clinical practice. He leaves a wife, Evelyn; three daughters; and three grandchildren.
Psychosocial Intervention for Women with Primary, Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Comparison between Participants and Non-Participants
Authors: Petra J. Vos, Bert Garssen, Adriaan P. Visser, Hugo J. Duivenvoorden, Hanneke C.J.M. de Haes
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2004)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Despite improvements in the medical treatment of breast cancer, resulting in better prognoses, women diagnosed with the illness often experience psychosocial problems. As a result, many psychosocial intervention programs have been developed, usually with positive results. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of two 12-week psychosocial intervention programs for women with a primary, non-metastatic breast cancer diagnosis in comparison to women who were on a waiting list for these interventions for 3 months. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Sixty-nine women with primary, non-metastatic breast cancer, but otherwise without psychosocial problems, were randomized to a group of patients treated with the intervention program (group psychotherapy or social support group) or a control group (on a waiting list). Differences between both groups in psychosocial adjustment, social support and coping at the short-term follow-up were described in this study. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Women who participated in the group intervention programs did not differ from women in the control group regarding psychosocial adjustment at the end of the study. Women who participated in the social support groups reported to receive more social support from others not very close to them. They also used more palliative coping than women from the psychotherapy group. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Apparently, women who are being diagnosed with breast cancer, but otherwise have no psychosocial adjustment problems following the diagnosis, do not especially benefit from a short-term intervention program compared to women in the control group.
Is Aspirin Usage Associated With Diabetic Retinopathy?
Authors: Barbara E K Klein, Ronald Klein, Scot E Moss
Journal: Diabetes Care (1987)

The relationship between the history of aspirin usage and diabetic retinopathy is examined in this report. The study population consists of a sample of people (n = 1370) who developed diabetes mellitus after 30 yr of age, who lived in south-central Wisconsin, and who participated in the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. These participants were questioned about recent and past use of aspirin. There was no association between the number of aspirin used in the month before the exam and the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Three hundred thirty-eight of these individuals reported taking aspirin daily for at least 3 mo since they were diagnosed as having diabetes. There was no association between the severity of retinopathy and having used aspirin in this way. These analyses suggest that aspirin usage, as herein described, is unrelated to the severity of diabetic retinopathy in older-onset diabetic patients.
Paresthesias and Mefloquine Prophylaxis
Authors: Patrick E. Olson, Charles A. Kennedy, Paul D. Morte
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters15 December 1992Paresthesias and Mefloquine ProphylaxisPatrick E. Olson, MD, Charles A. Kennedy, MD, Paul D. Morte, MDPatrick E. Olson, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Charles A. Kennedy, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Paul D. Morte, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-117-12-1058_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Central neurologic side effects of mefloquine have been described previously (1-5), but to our knowledge peripheral nervous system toxicity has not. We report a case of paresthesias and painful dysesthesias associated with mefloquine chemoprophylaxis.A previously healthy, 45-year-old, white, male oral surgeon presented in preparation for a 2-week trip to rural Kenya. Mefloquine (Lariam, Roche Laboratories, Nutley, New Jersey), 250 mg weekly, was prescribed. Treatment was to begin the week before departure and to continue through 4 weeks after return.On returning from Africa (week 3 of treatment), the patient noted a transient (30- to 45-minute) episode...References1. SinghShanksWilde KGH. Seizures after mefloquine. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:994. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Bjorkmann A. Acute psychosis following mefloquine prophylaxis. Lancet. 1989;2:865. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. ArthurShanksEcheverria JGP. Mefloquine prophylaxis. Lancet. 1990;1:972. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. Changes of dosing regimen for malaria prophylaxis with mefloquine. MMWR. 1991;40:72-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. RouveixBricaireMichon BFC. Mefloquine and an acute brain syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:577-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDrug-Induced Peripheral NeuropathiesPeripheral Polyneuropathy and Mefloquine ProphylaxisMefloquine for Malaria Chemoprophylaxis 1992–1998: A ReviewNeurological, cardiovascular and metabolic effects of mefloquine in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trialMefloquine 15 December 1992Volume 117, Issue 12Page: 1058-1059KeywordsChemopreventionMefloquineOral healthPatientsPeripheral nervous systemProphylaxisSurgeonsToxicity Issue Published: 15 December 1992 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF SYMPTOMATIC SCIATICA
Authors: Philip Lewin
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The orthopedic treatment of symptomatic sciatica consists of: Absolute rest in bed, the patient not being allowed to go to meals or to the lavatory. Back strapping, moleskin adhesive plaster being applied very tightly across the lumbar, sacral and iliac regions (Fig. 1). Leg traction, adhesive resin plaster on swansdown being used. Two wide strips are used,<i>A</i>and<i>B</i>. The leg should be shaved. A. On the outer border of the leg from the great trochanter down to a point 5 inches below the sole of the foot. B. On the inner border from the perineum to a point 5 inches below the sole of the foot. C. Two strips, three fourths inch wide, beginning above the ankle, making oblique turns at an angle of about 45 degrees, crossing as follows: (1) in front, about 3 inches above the ankle joint; (2) behind, just above the prominence of the
Beneficial Effects of RheothRx Injection in Patients Receiving Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Gary L. Schaer, Leo J. Spaccavento, Kevin F. Browne, Karol A. Krueger, Daniel Krichbaum, John M. Phelan, William O. Fletcher, Cindy L. Grines, Suzanne Edwards, Michael K. Jolly, Raymond J. Gibbons
Journal: Circulation (1996)

RheothRx (poloxamer 188) is a surfactant with hemorheological and antithrombotic properties that reduces myocardial reperfusion injury in animal models of myocardial infarction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive therapy with poloxamer 188 in patients receiving thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction.In this multicenter trial, we randomized 114 patients to a 48-hour infusion of poloxamer 188 or vehicle placebo beginning immediately after the initiation of thrombolytic therapy. Tomographic imaging with 99mTc sestamibi before reperfusion and again 5 to 7 days after the infarction was used to determine myocardium at risk for infarction, infarct size, and myocardial salvage. Radionuclide angiography at 5 to 7 days after infarction was used to measure left ventricular ejection fraction. The treated and control groups had comparable baseline characteristics, time to thrombolytic administration, and time to treatment with poloxamer 188 or placebo. Poloxamer 188-treated patients demonstrated a 38% reduction in median myocardial infarct size (25th and 75th percentile) compared with placebo (16% [7, 30] versus 26% [9, 43]; P = .031), greater median myocardial salvage (13% [7, 20] versus 4% [1, 15]; P = .033), and a 13% relative improvement in median ejection fraction (52% [43, 60] versus 46% [35, 60]; P = .020). Poloxamer 188 treatment also resulted in a reduced incidence of reinfarction (1% versus 13%; P = .016). Poloxamer 188 was well tolerated without adverse hemodynamic effects or significant organ toxicity.Adjunctive therapy with poloxamer 188 resulted in substantial benefit in this randomized trial, including significantly smaller infarcts, greater myocardial salvage, better left ventricular function, and a lower incidence of in-hospital reinfarction. Although the mechanisms are unproven, poloxamer 188 treatment may accelerate thrombolysis, reduce reocclusion, and ameliorate reperfusion injury.