tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atopic dermatitis: a candidate for disease‐modifying strategy
Authors: T. Bieber, M. Cork, S. Reitamo
Journal: Allergy (2012)

The concept of disease modification has been introduced to define the therapeutic strategies aimed to break, stop, or reverse the natural course of a chronic invalidating disease. This strategy is tightly related to the biomarker-based stratification of affected patients using genetic and other biological markers. With regard to the progress in understanding the genetic background of atopic dermatitis (AD), its natural history and its pivotal role in the emergence of allergic asthma, the time is mature to foster the research field of biomarkers in AD and to consider the elaboration of disease-modifying strategies in the management of AD with the goal to stop or even reverse the atopic march.
A Modification of an Old and Simple Method of Treating Rectal Prolapse
Authors: George Van S. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

UNFAMILIAR at the time with the literature on rectal prolapse, yet with a distinct impression that the various treatments employed were not consistently satisfactory, I tried in October, 1939, a method that I humorously named the "garden-hose" technic. I had a feeling of originality that I soon learned was only partially justified. As will become apparent, this method may hardly be classified under the heading of the art of surgery, but the results thus far, in view of the simplicity of the procedure, have been fairly good.Case 1. M. C., a 71-year-old, married woman, had a 12.5cm. procidentia of . . .
Care of older people in China
Authors: Z. Feng
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Daunting challenges lie ahead in providing chronic care for the aged

In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b1175), Dupre and colleagues assess the relation between levels of frailty and type of death in a prospective cohort study of older adults in China, using recent data from two waves (2002 and 2005) of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey.1 The study found that higher levels of frailty at baseline significantly increased the overall risk of death in the subsequent three year period, as would be expected. More interestingly, frailty had varying effects on people’s dying experiences, mainly with respect to sex and age. In general, elderly women had a higher risk of mortality relative to men as frailty increased. Although both elderly men and women with the highest level of frailty (ranked in upper quarter of the frailty index) …
Reactive arthritis May develop in patients with HIV infection
Authors: S J Winceslaus, A Lauhio
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - B Svenungsson's editorial on reactive arthritis fails to draw attention to the fact that the disease may develop in patients with HIV infection and AIDS.1 Arthritis in patients infected with HIV is usually septic and caused by a variety of secondary pathogens, although bacterial septic arthritis is more commonly encountered.2 Reactive arthritis has also been described in AIDS, with HIV being isolated from the synovial fluid.3 Patients infected with HIV are more prone to acquire several sexually transmitted infections or even enteric infections, some of which could potentially evoke a reactive arthritis. In case of reactive arthritis clinicians need to be aware of the possibility of HIV infection as this may have implications not only in the …
Recurrent reciprocal 1q21.1 deletions and duplications associated with microcephaly or macrocephaly and developmental and behavioral abnormalities
Authors: Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Jonathan S Berg, Fernando Scaglia, John Belmont, Carlos A Bacino, Trilochan Sahoo, Seema R Lalani, Brett Graham, Brendan Lee, Marwan Shinawi, Joseph Shen, Sung-Hae L Kang, Amber Pursley, Timothy Lotze, Gail Kennedy, Susan Lansky-Shafer, Christine Weaver, Elizabeth R Roeder, Theresa A Grebe, Georgianne L Arnold, Terry Hutchison, Tyler Reimschisel, Stephen Amato, Michael T Geragthy, Jeffrey W Innis, Ewa Obersztyn, Beata Nowakowska, Sally S Rosengren, Patricia I Bader, Dorothy K Grange, Sayed Naqvi, Adolfo D Garnica, Saunder M Bernes, Chin-To Fong, Anne Summers, W David Walters, James R Lupski, Pawel Stankiewicz, Sau Wai Cheung, Ankita Patel
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Corrigendum to “A three-dimensional finite element model of the polymerization process in dental restorations” [Biomaterials 24 (2003) 1427–1435]
Authors: M. Barink, P.C.P. Van de Mark, W.M.M. Fennis, R.H. Kuijs, C.M. Kreulen, N. Verdonschot
Journal: Biomaterials (2003)
MOLECULAR GENETICS AN IMPORTANT TOOL IN ELUCIDATING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING TENDINOPATHIES
Authors: M Collins
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

The causation of tendinopathy is multifactorial and there is increasing evidence that genetic factors play an important role in its aetiology. Some of the genes implicated encode: (i) structural components of connective tissue (collagens and glycoproteins); (ii) extracellular matrix (ECM) proteinases (MMPs); and (iii) cytokines and growth factors.1 2 Although several genes have been implicated to date, variants within the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of COL5A1 were shown to associate with chronic Achilles tendinopathy3 4 and lower limb range of motion measurements,5 6 an additional intrinsic risk factor for chronic Achilles tendinopathy. COL5A1 encodes the α1 chain of type V collagen, a quantitatively minor fibrillar collagen that regulates type I fibrillogenesis. We have recently described two major functional forms of the COL5A1 3′-UTR, namely the C- and T-forms, which contained a set of seven strongly linked sequence variants that showed significant differences in mRNA stability.7 Four of these COL5A1 variants are associated with Achilles tendinopathy and appear to alter the predicted mRNA secondary structure of the 3′-UTR. We propose that this change in secondary structure causes the altered COL5A1 mRNA stability and, by implication, type V collagen production. In addition the COL5A1 3′-UTR contains several putative cis-acting elements including a functional microRNA binding site for Hsa-miR-608.7 Two forms of the mature Hsa-miR-608, which are produced by the polymorphic MIR608 gene, can potentially bind this miRNA binding site (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). This variant within the MIR608 gene is also independently associated with chronic Achilles tendinopathy. These genetic association studies of the COL5A1 and MIR608 genes, together with the functional studies of the COL5A1 3′-UTR, suggest that type V collagen synthesis is involved in the molecular mechanisms of, at least, chronic Achilles tendinopathy. We hypothesise that the T-functional form of the COL5A1 3′-UTR, which is associated with chronic Achilles tendinopathy, results in increased type V collagen production, decreased mean fibril diameter, and increased fibril density. These structural changes in the fibril result in changes to the mechanical properties of tendons. More specifically, we hypothesise that the changes in mechanical properties associated with the T-functional form result in (i) a reduced tensile strength and (ii) increased creep inhibition and/or stiffness. However, future work is required to test this hypothesis.8
Book Review Manual and Atlas of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Second edition. By Svante R. Orell, Gregory F. Sterrett, Max N.-I. Walters, and Darrel Whitaker, with contributions by three others. 341 pp., illustrated. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1992. $200. 0-443-04239-X
Authors: Barbara S. Ducatman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Lactate UV-system: a rapid method for diagnosis of septic arthritis.
Authors: A R Behn, J A Mathews, I Phillips
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

The concentration of lactic acid in synovial fluid was estimated in 43 specimens from patients with an acute monoarthritis by a simple enzyme method. In 9 patients with 10 episodes of septic arthritis concentrations of synovial fluid lactic acid were significantly higher (mean 10.8 mmol/l) than in 33 patients with nonseptic effusions (mean 3.1 mmol/l). With this method concentrations of synovial fluid lactic acid provide a rapid diagnostic guide in the separation of septic from nonseptic arthritis.
The pancreatic β cell is a key site for mediating the effects of leptin on glucose homeostasis
Authors: Scott D. Covey, Rhonda D. Wideman, Christine McDonald, Suraj Unniappan, Frank Huynh, Ali Asadi, Madeleine Speck, Travis Webber, Streamson C. Chua, Timothy J. Kieffer
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
Dr. Nicholas Senn and the Louisiana State Board of Health.
Authors: Edmond Souchon
Journal: JAMA (1901)

New Orleans, La., Feb. 6, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have read with much interest the article of Dr. Nicholas Senn, inThe Journalof January 19, entitled "Costa Rica, its Physicians and Medical Institutions." It reflects great credit on this universal writer, but he has been misinformed in regard to some of his statements concerning quarantine. All that comes from the pen of one of such standing as Dr. Senn carries so much weight that it is impossible for me to allow to pass unnoticed some statements which are not justified by the facts. On page 185 he says: "The quarantine system at the Port of New Orleans is, however, too complicated. There are two quarantine stations under the jurisdiction of the State Board of Health, which often at a distance decides whether or not a vessel should be detained, which often gives rise to great confusion and not
Selective, Synergic and Additive Interaction Types Between 5-Fluorouracil and 2-Oxohexyl Isothiocyanate After Sequential Treatment in Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Milczarek Małgorzata, Wiktorska Katarzyna, Lubelska Katarzyna, Śliwka Lidia, Matosiuk Dariusz, Chilmonczyk Zdzisław
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Indian Mucosal Leishmaniasis Due to<i>Leishmania donovani</i>Infection
Authors: Gomathy Sethuraman, Vinod K. Sharma, Poonam Salotra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: A 62-year-old man from Chamoli District of Uttaranchal, north India, had a 2-year history of a fleshy, polypoid swelling with superficial ulceration on the mucosal aspect of the lower lip, lower gum, floor of the mouth, and palate, without involvement of the skin (Figure 1A and 1B). He did not have a history of kala-azar. Repeated biopsy of the lip and alveolar mucosa showed an infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and many plasma cells. Staining for kappa and lambda light chains revealed polyclonal plasma cells. No M band was found on serum immunoelectrophoresis, but there was polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Urinalysis . . .
Correction: Bioinformatics and Multiepitope DNA Immunization to Design Rational Snake Antivenom
Authors: Simon C Wagstaff, Gavin D Laing, R. David G Theakston, Christina Papaspyridis, Robert A Harrison
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2008)

Correction for:

Wagstaff SC, Laing GD, Theakston RDG, Papaspyridis C, Harrison RA (2006) Bioinformatics and multiepitope DNA immunization to design rational snake antivenom. PLoS Med 3(6): e184. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030184

In the Supporting Information section of this paper, Figure S1 and Figure S2 were incorrectly linked. Figure S1 and Figure S2 labeled and in the order originally intended are provided here.
Abstract 5627: Tumorigenesis and prognostic role of hepatoma-derived growth factor in human gliomas
Authors: Li-Feng Liu, Shu-Shong Hsu, Chih-Hao Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Hepatoma derived growth factor (HDGF) is a neurotrophic factor found in mouse spinal cord and hippocampal neurons. In various malignant tumors, the role of HDGF in tumor progression and its use as a diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target have been extensively explored. However, the prognostic function and mitogenic role of HDGF in gliomagenesis is yet to be verified. In this study, we found a significant incidence of HDGF prevalence between the different pathological types and stages of glioma in 105 patients. We also found a prognostic significance in 41 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients with the prevalence of nucleus HDGF predicts the short survival of GBM after surgery. To delineate the mitogenic role of HDGF in gliomagenesis, an adenoviral-expressed HDGF small interfering RNA (Ad-HDGF siRNA) was used to knock down the expression of nucleus HDGF. After knocking down the nuclear HDGF expression in human GBM cells, cell growth and cell invasion and induction on apoptosis by caspase-3 activation were significantly inhibited. We concluded that HDGF is a mitogenic growth factor in the progression of glioma and it can be a useful prognostic marker for GBM and therapeutic target for clinical management of glioma in the future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5627. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5627
MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA IN HOMOZYGOUS HEMOGLOBIN C DISEASE
Authors: Lawrence S. Lessin, Wallace N. Jensen, Eric Ponder
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1969)

Erythrocytes from a patient with homozygous hemoglobin C disease were subjected to gradual osmotic dehydration by incubation in hypertonic saline. Serial observations of these cells before and after 4 and 12 hr incubation were carried out by means of interference, Soret absorption, polarization microscopy, and the electron microscope employing the freeze-etching technique. Light microscopic studies showed a progressive contraction of cellular contents into central masses which, after 12 hr dehydration, formed birefringent intracellular hemoglobin crystals in 50-75% of the cells. Electron microscopic study of freeze-etched replicas of these cells at 0, 4, and 12 hr of dehydration reveals progressive aggregation, alignment, and crystallization of hemoglobin molecules. Molecular aggregation found in C-C cells prior to osmotic dehydration was not seen in normal erythrocytes. Aggregation and packing varied from cell to cell. Reticulocytes showed a loosely packed aggregate mesh-work; older cells showed variation of molecular packing, which appeared tightest in cells corresponding to microspherocytes. With further loss of intracellular water, aggregates coalesced into patterns of tighter molecular packing with small regions of alignment, and, finally, crystallization occurred. Hemoglobin molecules measuring 70 A in diameter were readily identified within the period patterns of intracellular crystals. These findings suggest that the hemoglobin C molecules within C-C erythrocytes exist in an aggregated state. As the cell ages, intracellular water is lost and intermolecular distance decreases, hemoglobin C molecules polymerize into intracellular crystals. This pathological behavior of hemoglobin C is associated with a charge alteration conferred by the substitution of beta-6-lysine for glutamic acid on the external surface in the A-helix region of the beta-chain of the molecule, possibly increasing intermolecular attraction. Molecular aggregation accounts for the increased rigidity of C-C cells which leads to accelerated membrane and water loss with resultant microspherocyte formation. The microspherocyte, with highest intracellular hemoglobin concentration, rapidly undergoes intracellular crystallization, and is sequestered and destroyed by reticuloendothelial elements.
Echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and blood pressure changes induced by icodextrin solution in diabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: R. Paniagua, O. Orihuela, M-.d.-J. Ventura, M. ávila-Díaz, A. Cisneros, M. Vicenté-Martínez, M-.d.-C. Furlong, Z. García-González, D. Villanueva, M-.d.-C. Prado-Uribe, G. Alcántara, D. Amato
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Erythema multiforme in infectious mononucleosis
Authors: DONALD M. WILLIAMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Infectious mononucleosis may rarely be associated with various patterns of skin eruptions (2-3%). A case is described of a female aged 15 with proven infectious mononucleosis and papular erythema multiforme, unassociated with previous drug therapy. This pattern of reaction can be added to the list of viral infections already known to be associated with erythema multiforme.
Comparison of Skin Prick Test to Crude Shrimp Extract with Prick-to-prick Skin Test to Cooked Shrimp for the Diagnosis of Shrimp Allergy in Children
Authors: W PARIYAPRASERT, N VISITSUNTHORN, P VICHYANOND, O JIRAPONGSANANURUK
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Management of Hereditary Metabolic Disease
Authors: Carol L. Clow, Terry M. Reade, Charles R. Scriver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract Hereditary metabolic disease yields a cumulative patient load requiring diagnosis, continuous counseling and long-term treatment. The current emphasis on mass screening has amplified the rate at which these patients are detected and will require management to prevent harmful expression of the mutation. We have devised a program for in-home care that now serves 64 patients, with 10 different types of genetic disease, in a dense urban region. Two allied health personnel provide 95 per cent of all patient contacts, and perform most of the procedures required to monitor biochemical control and to evaluate the patient's response to treatment. In addition, they provide a form of continuous counseling that prevents unwanted violation of the treatment regimen. The immediate deleterious effects of many of the mutations that we have encountered can be completely offset by this approach. Hospitalization time has been reduced by this program, which costs less than $3 per patient day.
Immunopathological changes in the airways of stable lung transplant recipients
Authors: G. I. Snell, C. Ward, J. W. Wilson, B. Orsida, T. J. Williams, E. H. Walters
Journal: Thorax (1997)

Pathological obliterative bronchiolitis, characterised by inflammation and occlusion of airways, is a serious complication of lung transplantation. Endobronchial biopsy (EBB) provides a means of examining transplanted airways. This study aimed to investigate the role of EBB samples in revealing early signals of airway injury.In 18 stable lung transplant recipients with close to maximal lung function (median FEV1, best after transplantation 100%, interquartile range 98-100%) EBB samples were taken simultaneously with transbronchial biopsy samples and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (median 195 days after transplantation). OCT embedded specimens were snap frozen on an isopentane slurry made with liquid nitrogen and 7 microns sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies using a three stage immunoperoxidase method.Compared with nine non-transplanted control subjects, EBB specimens from the stable transplant group had significantly increased CD8 positivity (median 53 versus 27 cells/mm basement membrane, p = 0.04; 95% CI for the difference 1 to 46)) and increased HLA-DR positivity (median 84 versus 26 cells/mm basement membrane, 95% CI for the difference 6 to 115). There was an increase in CD68 positive cells in the EBB specimens from transplant recipients of borderline significance (median 92 versus 68, p = 0.08, 95% CI for the difference 1 to 84). CD3, CD4, and CD25 counts were similar in the two groups. EBB findings were not influenced by age, sex, indication for transplant, immunosuppression doses or levels, nor the presence of airway commensals in the BAL fluid.EBB is practicable in a transplant setting and provides information about bronchial inflammatory changes. It is likely that there is ongoing inflammation, possibly rejection mediated, even in healthy lung transplant recipients despite triple immunosuppression.
Mutations in PYCR1 cause cutis laxa with progeroid features
Authors: Bruno Reversade, Nathalie Escande-Beillard, Aikaterini Dimopoulou, Björn Fischer, Serene C Chng, Yun Li, Mohammad Shboul, Puay-Yoke Tham, Hülya Kayserili, Lihadh Al-Gazali, Monzer Shahwan, Francesco Brancati, Hane Lee, Brian D O'Connor, Mareen Schmidt-von Kegler, Barry Merriman, Stanley F Nelson, Amira Masri, Fawaz Alkazaleh, Deanna Guerra, Paola Ferrari, Arti Nanda, Anna Rajab, David Markie, Mary Gray, John Nelson, Arthur Grix, Annemarie Sommer, Ravi Savarirayan, Andreas R Janecke, Elisabeth Steichen, David Sillence, Ingrid Haußer, Birgit Budde, Gudrun Nürnberg, Peter Nürnberg, Petra Seemann, Désirée Kunkel, Giovanna Zambruno, Bruno Dallapiccola, Markus Schuelke, Stephen Robertson, Hanan Hamamy, Bernd Wollnik, Lionel Van Maldergem, Stefan Mundlos, Uwe Kornak
Journal: Nature Genetics (2009)
Nutritional Vitamin-B12 Deficiency
Authors: RALPH CARMEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Dietary deficiency of vitamin B-12 has been reported, yet most people ingesting vitamin-B12-deficient diets even for many years appear to achieve a balance that does not lead to overt signs and symptoms of deficiency. I present the case of a vegan of 25 years' duration who developed severe neurologic abnormalities due to vitamin-B12 deficiency. His diet provided 1.2 μg of vitamin B12 daily at most. Despite normal Schilling test findings, he absorbed subnormal amounts of vitamin B12 given with ovalbumin. This poor absorption appeared to be related to his gastritis, achlorhydria, and subnormal intrinsic-factor secretion. Probably, vitamin-B12 deficiency in this patient resulted from both dietary restriction and the subtle malabsorption, neither of which would have sufficed alone to produce the clinical problem. Possibly such malabsorption may also be present in many of those vegans developing overt vitamin-B12 deficiency in whom Schilling test findings have been normal.