tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SCREENING DATA FROM THE CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY NATIONAL SERVICE CENTER SCREENING LABORATORIES. XXV.
Authors: Joseph Leiter, B. J. Abbott, Saul A. Schepartz
Journal: Cancer Research (1965)

Abstract  Data are reported on 1517 synthetic compounds which were tested in the CCNSC primary screens. Almost all of the compounds were tested in Sarcoma 180, Carcinoma 755, Leukemia 1210, and KB cells in culture; some tests were also carried out in Walker carcinosarcoma 256 (intramuscular). Data are reported only on compounds which have not demonstrated sufficient activity in these systems to warrant further investigation.
Congenital Alymphoplasmacytic Agammaglobulinemia With Thymic Dysplasia
Authors: Basil G. Delta
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Congenital agammaglobulinemia occurred in two sibling infants. The syndrome was characterized by rudimentary thymic tissue, generalized lymphoid hypoplasia, and an unremitting course complicated by respiratory and other infections, disseminated moniliasis, and death. Evidences of immunologic deficits were found in four other family members.
The detection of an Apicomplexan (order Neogregarinorida) pathogen in the dust mite Acarus siro ? a novel host-pathogen relationship*1Implication to dust mite life cycle and allergen extract purity
Authors: A.H.B. Loo, T.C. Ong, H. Jethanand, M.S. Choy, J.R. Barta, F.T. Chew
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Structure/property studies of polymeric gene delivery using a library of poly(β-amino esters)
Authors: Daniel G. Anderson, Akin Akinc, Naushad Hossain, Robert Langer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a library of 486 second-generation poly(β-amino esters). To understand better the structure/property relationships governing polymeric gene delivery, we synthesized polymers with 70 different primary structures, at 6 to 12 different molecular weights, using monomers previously identified as common to effective gene delivery polymers. This library was characterized by (1) molecular weight, (2) particle size upon complexation with DNA, (3) surface charge upon complexation with DNA, (4) optimal polymer/DNA ratio, and (5) transfection efficiency. In this library, polymers with 20 of the 70 primary structures possess transfection efficiencies as good as or better than one of the best commercially available lipid reagents, Lipofectamine 2000. In general, the most effective polymers condense DNA into sub-150-nm complexes with positive surface charge. Among this group, the 2 most effective polymers condensed DNA to the smallest particle sizes (71 and 79 nm). Interestingly, the top 9 polymers were all formed from amino alcohols, and the structure of the 3 top performing polymers differs by only one carbon. This convergence in structure of the top performing polymers suggests a common mode of action and provides a framework with which future polymers can be designed.
Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer In Vivo to Cerebral Blood Vessels and Perivascular Tissue
Authors: Hiroaki Ooboshi, Michael J. Welsh, C. David Rios, Beverly L. Davidson, Donald D. Heistad
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Gene transfer to blood vessels in vivo generally requires interruption of blood flow. Thus, gene transduction to cerebral blood vessels in vivo has not yet been achieved. In this study, we injected replication-deficient adenovirus into cerebrospinal fluid in an attempt to transduce genes to cerebral blood vessels. Recombinant adenovirus (1 x 10(9) infectious units) expressing nuclear-targeted bacterial beta-galactosidase driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter was injected into the cisterna magna of Sprague-Dawley rats. The brains were examined histochemically after staining with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside 1 to 7 days after injection of adenovirus. Leptomeningeal cells overlying the major arteries were efficiently transduced, and adventitial cells of large vessels and smooth muscle cells of small vessels were occasionally stained. beta-Galactosidase was expressed on days 1 and 3 after injection but was undetectable by day 7. Expression of the gene was 'targeted' by altering the position of the head. When viral suspension was injected while the rat was in a nose-down position, the reporter gene was expressed extensively on the ventral surface of the brain, especially along the circle of Willis. When the position was changed to the nose-up or lateral position, the inferior or lateral region of the brain was stained primarily. Administration of the virus into the lateral ventricle provided extensive expression in ependymal cells and leptomeninges with some transduction to cerebral blood vessels. Thus, adenovirus injected into cerebrospinal fluid provides gene transfer in vivo to cerebral blood vessels and, with greater efficiency, to perivascular tissue. Furthermore, cisternal delivery may target specific brain regions by positioning of the head.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Role of Comorbidity on Survival after Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy for Nonsurgically Treated Lung Cancer
Authors: Anders Mellemgaard, Margreet Lüchtenborg, Maria Iachina, Erik Jakobsen, Anders Green, Mark Krasnik, Henrik Møller
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Comorbidity, such as diseases of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and other systems, may influence prognosis in lung cancer and complicate its treatment. The performance status of patients, which is a known prognostic marker, may also be influenced by comorbidity. Due to the close link between tobacco smoking and lung cancer, and because lung cancer is often diagnosed in advanced ages (median age at diagnosis in Denmark is 70 years), comorbidity is present in a large proportion of lung cancer patients.Patients with any stage lung cancer who did not have surgical treatment were identified in the Danish Lung Cancer Registry. Danish Lung Cancer Registry collects data from clinical departments, the Danish Cancer Registry, Danish National Patient Registry, and the Central Population Register. A total of 20,552 patients diagnosed with lung cancer in 2005 to 2011 were identified. Comorbidity data were extracted from the Danish National Patient Registry, which is a register of all in- and outpatient visits to hospitals in Denmark. By record linkage, lung cancer patients who had previously been diagnosed with comorbid conditions were assigned a Charlson comorbidity index. Initial cancer treatment was categorized as chemotherapy, chemoradiation, radiotherapy, or no therapy. Data on Charlson comorbidity index, performance status, age, sex, stage, pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second), histology, and type of initial treatment (if any) were included in univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses.Treatment rates for chemotherapy and chemoradiation declined with increasing comorbidity and in particular increasing age. Women received treatment more often than men. In a univariable analysis of all patients combined, stage, performance status, age, sex, lung function, and comorbidity were all associated with survival. Apart from excess mortality among patients with unspecified histological subtypes (hazard ratio), there was no clear difference between the specified subtypes. When adjusting for the other factors, particularly age, sex, performance status, and stage proved to be robust while risk estimates for comorbidity were attenuated somewhat. When grouped by the three types of cancer treatment or no treatment, there was no influence of comorbidity on radiation therapy and modest influence on survival after chemotherapy and chemoradiation. In contrast, age remained a strong negative prognosticator after multivariate adjustment as did stage and performance status.Comorbidity has a limited effect on survival and only for patients treated with chemotherapy. It is rather the performance of the patient at diagnosis than the medical history that prognosticates survival in this patient group.
Intolerance to "Veriloid"
Authors: J. Beasley, K. Robinson
Journal: BMJ (1954)

TISSUE BmDIcn oua. ment of various kinds, was tested by homoplastic grafting into the subcutaneous space of the flank in newly castrated adult rats.The tissue was grafted (a) without further treat- ment, (b) after soaking in 15% glycerol-saline, and (c) after soaking and cooling slowly in saline or 15% glycerol-saline to -79°C. (the temperature of dry ice) or -1900 C. (the temperature of liquid air) for various periods, and thawing quickly at +40°C., according to the technique described by Parkes and Smith (1953) for ovarian tissue.Groups of 10 animals were used for each experiment.One or more
Relationship of myocardial remodeling to the genesis of serum autoantibodies to cardiac beta1-adrenoceptors and muscarinic type 2 acetylcholine receptors in rats
Authors: Hui-Rong Liu, Rong-Rui Zhao, Xiang-Ying Jiao, Ying-Yuan Wang, Michael Fu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Hand Skin Blood Flow in Diabetic Patients With Autonomic Neuropathy and Microangiopathy
Authors: Joao L Hauer, Oliver M Boland, David J Ewing, B F Clarke
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective To determine whether changes in hand skin blood flow in diabetic men could be demonstrated with liquid crystal contact thermography and to assess the relative effects of autonomic neuropathy and microangiopathy on these changes. Research Design and Methods Thirty-four diabetic and 12 age-matched nondiabetic men comprised the study. The diabetic men were categorized according to standard cardiovascular autonomic function tests and the presence or absence of background or proliferative retinopathy and/or proteinuria. Bilateral hand thermograms were measured at rest and after immersion of the right hand in ice-cold water. Results Diabetic men with definite or severe autonomic neuropathy (n = 13) had a high frequency of anisothermal baseline thermograms (77 vs. 25% in nondiabetic subjects, P &amp;lt; 0.05). After ice-cold water immersion, right-hand recovery was abnormally slow (514 ± 157 arbitrary U, area under the curve) compared with nondiabetic men (685 ± 135 arbitrary U, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Diabetic men with proliferative retinopathy (n = 8) all had definite or severe autonomic neuropathy and showed the same abnormalities. Diabetic men with nor or early autonomic changes showed normal thermographic patterns. Conclusions These results are consistent with increased palmar arteriovenous shunt blood flow or capillary closure in the hands of diabetic patients with definite or severe autonomic neuropathy. They indicate that thermoregulatory reflex changes in hand skin blood flow are controlled by the autonomic nervous system. It is possible, however, that diabetic microangiopathy, associated with the presence of proliferative retinopathy, also independently affects hand skin blood flow.
An adolescent ward.
Authors: F N Bamford, P M Minshall, P D Mohr
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A ward has been set up for adolescents, who, being neither children nor adults, have special needs. It provides a pleasant and enthusiastic atmosphere that allows the patients to mix together socially alties is important, but not more than 20% should be long-stay patients. Those needing intensive care or specialised investigations and those likely to be a disruptive influence are excluded. No serious sexual problems have been encountered.
Women warned to avoid peanuts during pregnancy and lactation
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Pregnant women and breast feeding mothers with a family history of atopy have been advised in a government report to avoid eating peanut products in a bid to reduce the numbers of children who develop peanut allergy.

The advice, from the government's Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment, is aimed at up to a third of pregnant women—some 250000—who have close family members with allergic reactions, asthma, hay fever, or eczema. Families without a history of atopy can ignore the warning.

As with …
The Use of Bis-Trimethylammonium Decane Dibromide in Anesthesia
Authors: Duncan A. Holaday, A McGehee Harvey, David Grob
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

SINCE 1942 partial curarization of patients during anesthesia has become an established procedure.1 , 2 This method, which provides satisfactory abdominal relaxation for surgical procedures and yet subjects the patient to a minimal degree of anesthesia, has obvious desirable features, but certain potential disadvantages. It has been convincingly demonstrated3 4 5 that the natural alkaloid, d-tubocurarine, may, upon parenteral injection, cause the release of a histamine-like substance, with consequent depression of blood pressure, bronchospasm and other undesirable reactions. Although these reactions are encountered infrequently during routine anesthetic procedures, they are always a possible source of difficulty in the susceptible patient.In the event of . . .
Metabolic Bone Disease in Patients Receiving Long-Term Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: MOSHE SHIKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

We have prospectively investigated calcium and bone metabolism in 16 patients receiving total parenteral nutrition for periods ranging from 7 to 89 months. In 12 patients, bone biopsies at 6 to 73 months after the start of parenteral nutrition showed osteomalacia. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were normal in all patients. Seven persons developed hypercalcemia, and 10 had hypercalciuria with a negative calcium balance. Serum phosphorus was normal and plasma parathyroid hormone level, normal or decreased. Three patients with the severest form of the disease had vitamin D withdrawn from their solutions. Subsequently, urinary calcium decreased, and serum calcium became normal; two persons reverted to a positive calcium balance. Thus, patients receiving total parenteral nutrition may develop metabolic bone disease characterized by osteomalacia, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and a negative calcium balance. This may be caused by both defective mineralization and increased bone resorption induced by vitamin D, its metabolites, or another unrecognized factor.
Judge will not intervene as dying woman denied life support
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A judge at the High Court in Belfast has refused to intervene to stop a hospital in Northern Ireland withdrawing life support for a terminally ill woman.

Mr Justice Gillen refused to allow the daughter of the 51 year old woman, who wants her kept alive, to go ahead with an application for judicial review of the hospital's decision to let her die. …
CDC: More Teens Must Be Vaccinated
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

There is even less FDA oversight of imported produce. According to the GAO report, the agency relies heavily on screening products at the border. But it inspected only 1% of the 7.6 million entry points for fresh produce between the fiscal years of 2002 and 2007 and border inspections alone will not identify contaminated foods. This lack of attention to the safety of imported produce is a particular concern, given the vast amounts of fruit and vegetables that the United States imports. About 45% of fresh and frozen fruits and about 16% of vegetables that are consumed in the United States are imported, said Doyle. The potential for imported produce to pose a health threat was demonstrated by the recent outbreak of the St Paul strain of Salmonella that was definitively linked to serrano peppers and possibly tomatoes imported from Mexico, where growers do not use the same food-safety practices as US growers. Health officials said that salmonellosis was confirmed in 1251 persons, including 229 who were hospitalized and 2 who died from causes related to the outbreak, and likely sickened thousands more. The GAO report makes several recommendations to enhance FDA’s oversight of fresh produce. Importantly, it urges the agency to ask Congress for greater authority to mandate that companies take steps to enhance the safety of high-risk foods and to access the records of companies involved in outbreaks of foodborne illness. The recommendations also say the agency should establish a research agenda that will provide evidence about the effectiveness of measures intended to improve the safety of fresh produce and update its guidelines for growers to reflect new information about safe growing practices. Others suggest that more radical action is needed, given the fragmentation of US food-safety activities, which are currently split among various agencies, and the fact that the FDA’s attention is divided among overseeing the safety of food and the safety of medical products. According to Jeffrey Levi, PhD, executive director of Trust for America’s Health, the public health would be better served by creating a new agency exclusively devoted to food safety and that encompassed all government food safety activities.
Subdomain-Mediated Axon-Axon Signaling and Chemoattraction Cooperate to Regulate Afferent Innervation of the Lateral Habenula
Authors: Ewoud Roberto Eduard Schmidt, Sara Brignani, Youri Adolfs, Suzanne Lemstra, Jeroen Demmers, Marina Vidaki, Amber-Lee Skye Donahoo, Kersti Lilleväli, Eero Vasar, Linda Jane Richards, Domna Karagogeos, Sharon Margriet Kolk, Ronald Jeroen Pasterkamp
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Reversal of strophanthidin negative inotropy by metabolic substrates in cardiac Purkinje fibres
Authors: S. ISHIKAWA, M. VASSALLE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

The action of substrates and metabolic inhibitors on strophanthidin inotropy was studied in canine cardiac Purkinje fibres perfused in vitro. Both membrane potentials and contractile force were recorded. The results show that: 1) pyruvate (1 to 10 mmol·litre-1) decreases and then increases contractile force in Tyrode solution or in the presence of a low concentration of strophanthidin without modifying the action potential magnitude or configuration; 2) during the decreasing (but not the increasing) phase of strophanthidin (2 to 5 × 10−7 mol·litre−1) inotropy, pyruvate increases contractile force; 3) β-hydroxybutyrate has effects similar to those of pyruvate; 4) glucose increases contractile force and more so during the descending phase of strophanthidin inotropy; 5) the positive inotropic effect of pyruvate during declining strophanthidin inotropy is not prevented by glucose-lack and/or by iodoacetate but is markedly reduced in a hypoxic solution; 6) in contrast, glucose under similar conditions has the usual effects in hypoxia but not in the presence of iodoacetate; 7) the combination of hypoxia and glucose-lack leads to a decline in contractile force and to contracture: strophanthidin increases both contractile and resting force whereas O2 and/or glucose relax the contracture; 8) pyruvate has a positive inotropic effect also in the presence of high (>10 mmol·litre-1) calcium. It is concluded that the decline in contractile force during exposure to strophanthidin or high calcium can be reversed by providing suitable substrates and therefore may involve a deficit in the production of high energy phosphates.
The Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Response Signature in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Andrew H. Beck, Inigo Espinosa, Badreddin Edris, Rui Li, Kelli Montgomery, Shirley Zhu, Sushama Varma, Robert J. Marinelli, Matt van de Rijn, Robert B. West
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Macrophages play an important role in breast carcinogenesis. The pathways that mediate the macrophage contribution to breast cancer and the heterogeneity that exists within macrophages are incompletely understood. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) is the primary regulator of tissue macrophages. The purpose of this study was to define a novel CSF1 response signature and to evaluate its clinical and biological significance in breast cancer. Experimental Design: We defined the CSF1 response signature by identifying genes overexpressed in tenosynovial giant cell tumor and pigmented villonodular synovitis (tumors composed predominantly of macrophages recruited in response to the overexpression of CSF1) compared with desmoid-type fibromatosis and solitary fibrous tumor. To characterize the CSF1 response signature in breast cancer, we analyzed the expression of CSF1 response signature genes in eight published breast cancer gene expression data sets (n = 982) and did immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for CSF1 response genes on a breast cancer tissue microarray (n = 283). Results: In both the gene microarray and tissue microarray analyses, a consistent subset (17-25%) of breast cancers shows the CSF1 response signature. The signature is associated with higher tumor grade, decreased expression of estrogen receptor, decreased expression of progesterone receptor, and increased TP53 mutations (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our data show that the CSF1 response signature is consistently seen in a subset of breast carcinomas and correlates with biological features of the tumor. Our findings provide insight into macrophage biology and may facilitate the development of personalized therapy for patients most likely to benefit from CSF1-targeted treatments.
Familial Erythrocytosis
Authors: KEVIN P. GLYNN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Erythrocytosis was inherited as an autosomal trait, affecting 26 individuals, including children, in 3 families. The affected individuals generally were asymptomatic. In contrast to polycythemia vera, splenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis were not observed. In one family a unique hemoglobin (Hb) abnormality, designated Hemoglobin Ypsilanti (Hb Ypsi), was associated with erythrocytosis. The starch gel and cellulose acetate electrophoretic patterns contained four abnormal hemoglobin components; two of these migrated cathodally to Hb A at pH 8.6 between Hb A and Hb F and comprised 15 and 25% of the total hemoglobin. The other two bands migrated between Hb F and Hb A2 and were minor components believed to be derived from Hb F and Hb A2. Pulmonary function studies are compatible with a shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left. The primary structure abnormality of Hb Ypsi appears to have altered the manner of polymerization of the various types of hemoglobin polypeptide chains and to have increased the oxygen affinity. The electrophoretic patterns of the hemoglobins of the other two families were normal, suggesting that not all inherited erythrocytosis is due to hemoglobinopathies. Hemoglobin electrophoresis should be routinely included in the investigation of erythrocytosis, especially when it is familial.