tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Temporal Relationships of Myocardial Lactate Metabolism, Left Ventricular Function, and S-T Segment Depression During Angina Precipitated by Exercise
Authors: JOHN O. PARKER, ROXROY O. WEST, ROBERT B. CASE, MIGUEL A. CHIONG
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Continuous monitoring of myocardial lactate metabolism and the electrocardiogram in association with an assessment of left ventricular function were carried out in a group of 14 patients before, during, and after a period of supine leg exercise. Of the 12 patients who were shown to have coronary artery disease, seven experienced exertional angina whereas five remained free of pain. Marked increases in arterial and coronary sinus lactate concentrations were observed in all subjects early in exercise although arterial lactate levels were higher in the angina group. In the normal subjects and in the non-angina group, myocardial lactate extraction increased to 36.7 and 28.5%, respectively, during exercise. In the angina group, however, lactate extraction remained abnormal during exercise, increasing to only 8.8%, but in this group only two patients showed myocardial lactate production. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was consistently elevated during exertional angina and showed a close temporal relationship to ischemic S-T segments. Left ventricular stroke work was unchanged at these elevated filling pressures indicating impaired left ventricular contractility. While correlation of exertional angina, S-T segment depression, and hemodynamic abnormalities was close, it was not possible to relate these changes to metabolic evidence of ischemia since this was obscured by the elevated arterial lactate concentrations.
Pharmacological Characterization of Chemically Synthesized Monomeric phi29 pRNA Nanoparticles for Systemic Delivery
Authors: Sherine Abdelmawla, Songchuan Guo, Limin Zhang, Sai M Pulukuri, Prithviraj Patankar, Patrick Conley, Joseph Trebley, Peixuan Guo, Qi-Xiang Li
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Previous studies have shown that the packaging RNA (pRNA) of bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor folds into a compact structure, constituting a RNA nanoparticle that can be modularized with functional groups as a nanodelivery system. pRNA nanoparticles can also be self-assembled by the bipartite approach without altering folding property. The present study demonstrated that 2'-F-modified pRNA nanoparticles were readily manufactured through this scalable bipartite strategy, featuring total chemical synthesis and permitting diverse functional modularizations. The RNA nanoparticles were chemically and metabolically stable and demonstrated a favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in mice (half-life (T(1/2)): 5-10 hours, clearance (Cl): <0.13 l/kg/hour, volume of distribution (V(d)): 1.2 l/kg). It did not induce an interferon (IFN) response nor did it induce cytokine production in mice. Repeat intravenous administrations in mice up to 30 mg/kg did not result in any toxicity. Fluorescent folate-pRNA nanoparticles efficiently and specifically bound and internalized to folate receptor (FR)-bearing cancer cells in vitro. It also specifically and dose-dependently targeted to FR(+) xenograft tumor in mice with minimal accumulation in normal tissues. This first comprehensive pharmacological study suggests that the pRNA nanoparticle had all the preferred pharmacological features to serve as an efficient nanodelivery platform for broad medical applications.
Effect of a low dose of intraduodenal fat on satiety in humans: studies using the type A cholecystokinin receptor antagonist loxiglumide.
Authors: R J Lieverse, J B Jansen, A A Masclee, L C Rovati, C B Lamers
Journal: Gut (1994)

Satiation, the process that brings eating to an end, and satiety, the state of inhibition over further eating, may be influenced by cholecystokinin (CCK). In animal and human studies, it has been shown that infusion of exogenous CCK decreases food intake, but the doses given may well have led to supraphysiological plasma concentrations. This study was done to discover if a low dose of intraduodenal fat releasing physiological amounts of endogenous cholecystokinin exerts satiation or satiety effects, or both and if these effects could be inhibited by the CCK receptor antagonist loxiglumide. In 10 healthy lean volunteers (5 F, 5 M, mean age 26) three tests were performed in a randomised blind fashion. Intralipid 20% (6 g/h) (experiments A and C) or saline (experiment B) were given intraduodenally from 1030 until 1300. The subjects received saline (experiments A and B) or loxiglumide (experiment C) a specific CCK-receptor antagonist (10 mg/kg/h) intravenously from 0930 until 1300. At 1200 a meal was served. At regular time intervals hunger feelings were measured using visual analogue scales and food selection lists and plasma CCK was measured by radioimmunoassay. Food intake (mean (SEM)) during intraduodenal fat (206(35)g) was lower than in the control study (269(37)g, p = 0.09). Loxiglumide largely prevented the inhibitory effect of intraduodenal fat on food intake (245(30)g). From 1030 until the meal at 1200 there was a significant satiating effect of intraduodenal fat compared with the control and loxiglumide experiments according to the food selection lists, which was because of the satiating effect for the fat rich items (p&lt;0.05). Also feelings of fullness were significantly higher during intraduodenal fat than in the control or loxiglumide experiments (p&lt;0.05). During intraduodenal fat there was a significant increase of plasma CCK from 2.4(0.3) to 4.8(0.4) pM (p&lt;0.001). Loxiglumide led to an exaggerated CCK release to a peak concentration of 16(2.4) pM before the meal. This study shows that in humans low dose intraduodenal fat increases satiety and satiation, mainly through the effect of CCK.
PATHOGENY OF OSTEOMALACIA OR SENILE ATROPHY.
Authors: EUGENE S. TALBOT
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The fact that pathology at most implies a disturbance of balance which causes a conflict of physiologic processes is nowhere more evident than in osteomalacia. The current error which assumes that any process aiding disease must be innately nosologic interferes with diagnosis and treatment alike. The clinical and pathologic work done on osteomalacia has been vitiated by the view-point just mentioned. Osteomalacia occurs from so many nosologic states as to indicate that it arises from a process physiologic in character, but perverted to nosologic ends by anything which disturbs the balance struggle for existence between the structures. Bones do not grow in the ordinary sense, since the bone cells can not multiply. Apparent growth of bone is caused by destruction of bone already formed and by production of new bone. The production of new bone is one, as Minot (Embryology) points out, first to degeneration of the ossifying cartilage. Cartilage
Overexpression of sPRDM16 coupled with loss of p53 induces myeloid leukemias in mice
Authors: Danielle C. Shing, Maurizio Trubia, Francesco Marchesi, Enrico Radaelli, Elena Belloni, Cinzia Tapinassi, Eugenio Scanziani, Cristina Mecucci, Barbara Crescenzi, Idoya Lahortiga, Maria D. Odero, Giuseppe Zardo, Alicja Gruszka, Saverio Minucci, Pier Paolo Di Fiore, Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Transgenic expression of the abnormal products of acute myeloid leukemia–associated (AML-associated) primary chromosomal translocations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells initiates leukemogenesis in mice, yet additional mutations are needed for leukemia development. We report here aberrant expression of PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16) in AML cells with either translocations of 1p36 or normal karyotype. These carried, respectively, relatively high prevalence of mutations in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene and in the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene, which regulates p53. Two protein isoforms are expressed from PRDM16, which differ in the presence or absence of the PR domain. Overexpression of the short isoform, sPRDM16, in mouse bone marrow induced AML with full penetrance, but only in the absence of p53. The mouse leukemias were characterized by multilineage cellular abnormalities and megakaryocyte dysplasia, a common feature of human AMLs with 1p36 translocations or NPM mutations. Overexpression of sPRDM16 increased the pool of HSCs in vivo, and in vitro blocked myeloid differentiation and prolonged progenitor life span. Loss of p53 augmented the effects of sPRDM16 on stem cell number and induced immortalization of progenitors. Thus, overexpression of sPRDM16 induces abnormal growth of stem cells and progenitors and cooperates with disruption of the p53 pathway in the induction of myeloid leukemia.
Ga-67 Scan Findings in Global Splenic Infarction and Abscess
Authors: MURALIDHARA G. RAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

In global splenic infarction, CT scan of the spleen may demonstrate a rim of enhancing capsule surrounding hypodense spleen. Differentiation from splenic abscess may necessitate percutaneous needle aspiration. A Ga-67 scan performed on a patient with these findings showed absence of uptake in the spleen confirming infarction and avoiding needle aspiration. Splenic abscess is frequently seen as a complication of sptenic infarction. Several months later, when splenic abscess was suspected on sonogram, a repeat Ga-67 scan showed increased uptake in the splenic abscess. This was confirmed at autopsy. Intense Ga-67 uptake in the splenic abscess was present even though the entire spleen was necrotic.
Flow in the thoracic aorta
Authors: S. FARTHING, P. PERONNEAU
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Flow in the thoracic aorta Get access S. FARTHING, S. FARTHING 1 From the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge and C.N.R.S.—E.R.A. 785 Instrumentation et Dynamique Cardiovasculaire Hôpital Broussais, Paris 2Commonwealth Scholar. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. PERONNEAU P. PERONNEAU From the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge and C.N.R.S.—E.R.A. 785 Instrumentation et Dynamique Cardiovasculaire Hôpital Broussais, Paris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 11, November 1979, Pages 607–620, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.11.607 Published: 01 November 1979
Gastrin inhibits cholangiocyte growth in bile duct–ligated rats by interaction with cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptors viaD -myo-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate–, Ca2+-, and protein kinase Cα–dependent mechanisms
Authors: Alessandra Caligiuri, Gene LeSage, Leonardo Baiocchi, Noriatsu Kanno, Usha Chowdury, Jo Lynne Phinizy, Shannon Glaser, Gianfranco Alpini, Antonio Benedetti, Luca Marucci, Domenico Alvaro, Emanuela Papa
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

We studied the role of gastrin in regulating cholangiocyte proliferation induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). In purified cholangiocytes, we evaluated (1) for the presence of cholecystokinin-B (CCK-B)/gastrin receptors, (2) the effect of gastrin on d -myo-Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP 3 ) levels, and (3) the effect of gastrin on DNA synthesis and adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the absence or presence of CCK-A (L-364,718) and CCK-B/gastrin (L-365,260) receptor inhibitors, 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetxymethyl ester) (BAPTA/AM; an intracellular Ca 2+ chelator), and 2 protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors, 1-(5-Isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7) and staurosporin. To evaluate if gastrin effects on cholangiocyte proliferation are mediated by the isoform PKCα, we evaluated (1) for the presence of PKCα in cholangiocytes and (2) the effect of gastrin on the PKCα protein expression in a triton-soluble (containing cytoplasm + membrane) and a triton-insoluble (containing cytoskeleton) fraction. To evaluate the effects of gastrin in vivo , immediately following BDL, gastrin or bovine serum albumin (BSA) was infused by minipumps for 7 days to rats and we measured cholangiocyte growth and cAMP levels. We found CCK-B/gastrin receptors on cholangiocytes. Gastrin increased IP 3 levels. Gastrin inhibited DNA synthesis and cAMP synthesis in cholangiocytes. Gastrin effects on cholangiocyte functions were blocked by L-365,260, BAPTA/AM, H7, and staurosporin but not by L-364,718. Gastrin induced translocation of PKCα from cholangiocyte cytoskeleton to membrane. In vivo , gastrin decreased cholangiocyte growth and cAMP synthesis compared with controls. We concluded that gastrin inhibits cholangiocyte growth in BDL rats by interacting with CCK-B/gastrin receptors through a signal transduction pathway involving IP 3 , Ca 2+ , and PKCα.
Prevalence and Control of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in New York City
Authors: Lorna E. Thorpe, Ushma D. Upadhyay, Shadi Chamany, Renu Garg, Jenna Mandel-Ricci, Scott Kellerman, Diana K. Berger, Thomas R. Frieden, Charon Gwynn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

To determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and to assess clinical management indicators among adults with diabetes in a representative sample of New York City adults.
Synopsis of Psychosomatic Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: B. E. MCLAUGHLIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1950)

available on modern methods of radiation dosimetry, as the references indicate, the subject is unfortunately covered only sketchily.It would also be nice to know what the safe dosage is near structures such as the eye, instead of being informed, "Prolonged gamma radiation . . . is likely to lead to perma- nent damage and should be avoided . .."Naturally what the radium therapist wants most to know is what is meant by "prolonged radiation."Chapters on the effects of radium on malignant tumors and on tissue culture and experimental radiology are well done.
A Review of Advocate–Scientist Collaboration in Federally Funded Environmental Breast Cancer Research Centers
Authors: Lori B. Baralt, Sabrina McCormick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundThe Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project was the first federally funded study of environmental causes of breast cancer. Although advocates were expected to participate in this study, the details of their participation were not adequately clarified in project guidelines, which resulted in confusion over their role in the project. The Breast Cancer and Environment Research Centers (BCERCs) are funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the National Cancer Institute; these centers continue to conduct research into environmental links to breast cancer and to clarify advocate–scientist guidelines for collaboration.ObjectivesPractitioners in community-based participatory research (CBPR) are grappling with how to improve CBPR projects for all groups involved in breast cancer and environmental studies. The ever-growing body of literature on CBPR elaborates on a number of factors that make CBPR particularly challenging, specifically regarding partnerships between advocate and scientific communities. This study draws on CBPR principles to evaluate advocate–scientist collaboration in the BCERCs.MethodsWe conducted surveys at BCERC annual meetings in 2005 and 2007 and 11 in-depth open-ended interviews with key stakeholders such as primary investigators within the centers to assess the perceptions of the advocates and scientists regarding collaboration between advocates and scientists who were engaged in CBPR studies.ResultsWe found that although participatory guidelines were a focus of BCERCs, underlying differences between advocates and scientists with regard to paradigms of scientific inquiry, priorities, and desired outcomes need to be addressed for more effective collaboration to take place.ConclusionOur findings contribute to the broader CBPR literature by highlighting the role of underlying assumptions that may hinder the collaborative process and suggest the need for continued assessment research into participatory research projects on breast cancer and the environment.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance in Zucker fatty rats
Authors: Akio Kuroda, Yoshimitsu Yamasaki, Munehide Matsuhisa, Minoru Kubota, Itsuro Nakahara, Yoshihisa Nakatani, Ayumu Hoshi, Shin-ichi Gorogawa, Yutaka Umayahara, Yasushi Itakura, Tsutomu Nakagawa, Mutsuo Taiji, Yoshitaka Kajimoto, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
The Landry-Guillain-Barré-Strohl Syndrome
Authors: Charles M. Poser
Journal: JAMA (1966)

To  Editor:—  I should like to make a brief comment on  editorial  Guillain-Barre Syndrome ( 197 :655, 1966).  I fully agree with  statement that  changes found in this condition are nonspecific and may result from any number of conditions. I do object, however, to  statement that this syndrome might be considered the final common pathway to various demyelinating neurological diseases. Such a statement may well be misleading since it only serves to increase  confusion that already exists concerning  classification of so-called diseases of  myelin sheath. It should be clearly understood that in  LGBS syndrome  demyelination is purely secondary to  inflammatory reaction and, therefore, completely nonspecific, as opposed to  so-called primary diseases of  myelin sheath in which it is presumed that  oligodendroglia (or Schwann cell) -axonmyelin sheath system appears to be primary target of injury.  The striking
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in survivors of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death without inducible arrhythmias
Authors: Brian G. Crandall, Cynthia D. Morris, Joel E. Cutler, Peter J. Kudenchuk, Jan L. Peterson, L.Bing Liem, David R. Broudy, H.Leon Greene, Blair D. Halperin, John H. McAnulty, Jack Kron
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of IV Vinflunine in Combination with Gemcitabine for Treatment of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in Chemonaive Patients
Authors: Caroline Tournoux-Facon, Hélène Senellart, Etienne Lemarie, Jean Marc Tourani, Stéphanie Favrel, Jean Christophe Pouget, Marie Claire Pinel, Jaafar Bennouna
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
MEPs reject US-style direct advertising of drugs
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Members of the European parliament have categorically rejected tentative plans to allow pharmaceutical companies to provide information on drugs directly to the public in the European Union.

As part of its proposals to update existing EU legislation on the approval and marketing of drugs, the European Commission had suggested a five year pilot scheme during which firms could supply data directly to patients on three common illnesses: diabetes, asthma, and AIDS.

Erkki Liikanen, the European commissioner behind the proposal, …
Legionnaires' Disease in Non-Legionnaires
Authors: HARVEY M. FRIEDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Seventeen patients with illness resembling Legionnaires' disease were evaluated for antibodies to the Legionnaires' bacillus. Three patients were Legionnaires who developed pneumonia after attending the July 1976 convention. All three were seropositive (titers≥ 1:128) to the Legionnaires' bacillus. None of the remaining 14 patients were Legionnaires. Five were seropositive and nine, seronegative (titers≤ 1:32). The seropositive patients had illnesses best explained by Legionnaires' disease, whereas the seronegative patients had illnesses better explained by other diagnoses. This correlation between serology and clinical findings supports the specificity of the antibody test for Legionnaires' disease. Of the five non-Legionnaire seropositive cases, two occurred before, and one 3 months after, the convention. The case histories of these five patients are presented. Disease generally involved the lungs, kidneys, and the central nervous system. Although the pathogenesis of this multiple organ involvement is unclear, a possible explanation is the production of a toxin by the Legionnaires' bacillus.
Metabolic consequences of body size and body composition in hemodialysis patients
Authors: S.R. Sarkar, M.K. Kuhlmann, P. Kotanko, F. Zhu, S.B. Heymsfield, J. Wang, I.S. Meisels, F.A. Gotch, G.A. Kaysen, N.W. Levin
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Intra-Arrest Cooling Improves Outcomes in a Murine Cardiac Arrest Model
Authors: Benjamin S. Abella, Danhong Zhao, Jason Alvarado, Kim Hamann, Terry L. Vanden Hoek, Lance B. Becker
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that hypothermia to 32 degrees to 34 degrees C provides significant clinical benefit when induced after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. However, cooling during the postresuscitation period was slow, requiring 4 to 8 hours to achieve target temperatures after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Whether more rapid cooling would further improve survival remains unclear. We sought to determine whether cooling during cardiac arrest before ROSC (ie, "intra-arrest" hypothermia) has survival benefit over more delayed post-ROSC cooling, using a murine cardiac arrest model.A model of potassium-induced cardiac arrest was established in C57BL/6 mice. After 8 minutes of untreated cardiac arrest, resuscitation was attempted with chest compression, ventilation, and intravenous fluid. Mice were randomized to 3 treatment groups (n=10 each): an intra-arrest hypothermia group, in which mice were cooled to 30 degrees C just before attempted resuscitation, and then rewarmed after 1 hour; a post-ROSC hypothermia group, in which mice were kept at 37 degrees C for 20 minutes after successful ROSC and then were cooled to 30 degrees C for 1 hour; and a normothermic control group, in which mice were kept at 37 degrees C. The intra-arrest hypothermia group demonstrated better 72-hour survival than delayed hypothermia and normothermia groups (6/10 versus 1/10 and 1/10 survivors, respectively, P<0.05), with similar differences seen at 6-hour survival and on neurological scoring.Timing of hypothermia is a crucial determinant of survival in the murine arrest model. Early intra-arrest cooling appears to be significantly better than delayed post-ROSC cooling or normothermic resuscitation.
INCIDENCE RATES OF DEATH AND MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME &amp;ndash; AN ANALYSIS OF A NATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE MEDICARE POPULATION
Authors: Concetta Crivera, Shih-Yin Chen, Michael Stokes, Luke Boulanger, Jeffrey Schein
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cultural Studies on Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rheumatic Fever
Authors: D. M. Angevine, S. Rothbard, R. L. Cecil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1942)

THE literature on cultural studies in rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic fever is so familiar to those interested in these diseases that no detailed description will be given; however, a few studies will be mentioned.Cecil, Nicholls, and Stainsbyl recovered streptococci from the blood and joints of the majority of their patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and Gray and Gowen2 confirmed their observations.Dawson, Olmstead and Boots3 were unable to do so.McEwen, Bunim and Alexander4 recovered streptococci from the blood of 21 per cent. of their patients with atrophic arthritis and from 6 per cent. of the controls.Margolis and Dorsey5 recovered streptococci from the blood and tissues from some of their cases and attached significance to the presence of these bacteria.Collins6 obtained negative cultures from the synovial fluid of a large number of cases of atrophic arthritis.Blair and Hallman7 were unable to isolate any significant organism from the synovial fluid or tissue of similar cases.Sabin8, Findlay, Mackenzie and 101