tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Polymorphism in the protease‐activated receptor‐4 gene region associates with platelet activation and perioperative myocardial injury
Authors: Jochen D. Muehlschlegel, Tjörvi E. Perry, Kuang‐Yu Liu, Amanda A. Fox, Shane A. Smith, Peter Lichtner, Charles D. Collard, Stanton K. Shernan, John H. Hartwig, Simon C. Body, Karin M. Hoffmeister
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Abstract Protease‐activated receptors (PAR)‐1 and ‐4 are the principal receptors for thrombin‐mediated platelet activation. Functional genetic variation has been described in the human PAR1 gene, but not in the PAR4 gene ( F2RL3 ). We sought to identify variants in and around F2RL3 and to determine their association with perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. We further explored possible mechanisms for F2RL3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations with PMI including altered receptor expression and platelet activation. Twenty‐three SNPs in the F2RL3 gene region were genotyped in two phases in 934 Caucasian subjects. Platelets from 43 subjects (23 major allele, 20 risk allele) homozygous for rs773857 (SNP with the strongest association with PMI) underwent flow cytometry to assess PAR4 receptor number and response to activation by a specific PAR4 activating peptide (AYPGKF) measured by von Willebrand factor (vWf) binding and P‐selectin release and PAC‐1 binding. We identified a novel association of SNP rs773857 with PMI (OR = 2.4, P = 0.004). rs773857 risk allele homozygotes have significantly increased platelet counts and platelets showed a significant increase in P‐selectin release after activation ( P = 0.004). We conclude that rs773857 risk allele homozygotes are associated with risk for increased platelet count and hyperactivity. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reviews and Notes: Pulmonary Medicine: Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly Patient
Authors: Joe W. Ramsdell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Literature of Medicine15 February 1994Reviews and Notes: Pulmonary Medicine: Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly PatientJoe W. RamsdellJoe W. RamsdellUniversity of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103-8415.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-4-199402150-00039 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly PatientDonald A. Mahler; ed. 528 pages. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1993. $155.00.The definitive book on respiratory disease in the elderly should clearly interpret normal aging, theories of aging, and the epidemiology of respiratory disease in the elderly, and should relate physiologic changes and environmental exposures over time to the risk for acute and chronic disease. To be of value to the clinician, it must also review aspects of diagnosis and treatment that are unique to the elderly, including ethical issues.These are important matters for students of aging and respiratory disease and for ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103-8415. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1994Volume 120, Issue 4Page: 350KeywordsAgingElderlyGeriatricsPrimary care physiciansPulmonary diseasesPulmonary functionPulmonary medicineRespiratory physiologyRespiratory systemVentilators ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Toxic effects of the photoproducts of chlorpromazine on cultured hepatocytes
Authors: José V. Castell, M. A. José Gómez-Lechón, Miguel A. Miranda, Isabel M. Morera
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

The photodegradation of chlorpromazine, a drug frequently used in psychotherapy, was examined under different sets of experimental conditions. A primary culture of rat hepatocytes was used to evaluate the possible hepatotoxicity of the chlorpromazine photoproducts, keeping in mind the following criteria: leakage of cytosolic enzymes; attachment index to culture plates, and albumin synthesis. Cells exposed to concentrations greater than 10−4 M of the photomixtures showed extensive leakage of GOT and GPT into the culture medium and, at the same time, the cell attachment was seriously impaired. A concentration of 10−7 M of the photoproducts proved capable of inhibiting the synthesis of albumin (20%). Photoproducts obtained after aerobic irradiations were as toxic for hepatocytes as those found in anaerobic conditions. The implications of our results in connection with the relevance of oxygen-dependent photoreactions of chlorpromazine to its phototoxicity, and the possible appearance of hepatic alterations in patients treated with the drug after exposure to the sunlight, are discussed.
Rubella Vaccine and Susceptible Hospital Employees
Authors: Walter A. Orenstein
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A serosurvey of 2,456 high-risk employees of the Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center showed that 345 (14%) were susceptible to rubella. Of 197 seronegative personnel followed up for participation in a vaccination program, 105 (53.3%) were vaccinated. However, only one of the 11 known susceptible obstetrician-gynecologists was vaccinated. Thirty-eight seronegative employees who were vaccinated with RA 27/3 rubella vaccine were queried four to six weeks after vaccination and compared with 32 unvaccinated seropositive control subjects. Although the reaction rate was 50% among vaccinees and 3% among control subjects, each vaccinee lost only an average of 0.2 workdays compared with 0.1 workdays for control subjects. The high rate of susceptibility to rubella among hospital employees supports the need for screening. Although vaccine reactions are common, they are generally mild. Means must be found to ensure greater employee acceptance of vaccine.
RECEPTOR DESTRUCTION BY VIRUSES OF THE MUMPS-NDV-INFLUENZA GROUP
Authors: George K. Hirst
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1950)

A strain each of mumps and Newcastle disease virus and five strains of influenza virus were found to be capable of removing all the receptors for this group of viruses from fowl red cells. Five virus strains were tested for their capacity to inactivate the virus hemagglutinin of human plasma and of egg white. In the case of egg white all strains including mumps and Newcastle disease virus inactivated the inhibitor completely, or nearly so. With plasma the influenza strains inactivated the inhibitor completely but mumps and NDV destroyed only that portion of the complex which effected mumps inhibition. The inhibitor for some strains was destroyed more rapidly than that for others and the sequence in which they were destroyed (inhibitor gradient) was similar, regardless of the strain employed. The inhibitor gradient for egg white was very different from that for plasma and these in turn differed significantly from the receptor gradient for fowl red cells.
Physician Computer Network: Ad Gimmick or Efficiency Tool?
Authors: Raed N. Fahmy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I have been asked to sign up for a program that promises to save the clinic $11 000 annually and provide $30 000 worth of state-of-the-art computer equipment. The organization is called the Physician Computer Network (PCN); it aims to enroll 45 000 physicians. The literature on this product is found in publications not routinely read by physicians.<sup>1-3</sup>The PCN has interest in medical education, clinical information, and marketing research. It has received "educational" grants from 10 major pharmaceutical manufacturers. Considering the magnitude of this new campaign, physicians should consider the ethics of participating in such a program. The PCN provides extensive hardware and software computer equipment free of charge. The system has numerous capabilities including linkage to local hospitals for convenient access to patient information. There is an annual membership fee. Each participant is required to review up to 32 product advertisements, 10 product mail
A STYLETTED STOMACH-TUBE
Authors: Tracy Jackson Putnam
Journal: JAMA (1923)

The use of a styletted duodenal tube has been suggested by Jutte<sup>1</sup>and by Bondi and Eisler.<sup>2</sup>According to Eisler's technic, a brass wire is introduced into an ordinary duodenal tube, previously oiled. Stiffened by the wire, the olive of the tube is pushed past the cardia, and guided to the antrum by palpation under the fluoroscope. This often saves many minutes in patients who find it difficult to swallow the ordinary tube, but in our experience, the time-consuming part of a duodenal intubation is persuading the olive to pass the pylorus where the wire is of little assistance. Gastric intubation is still a much more common and useful procedure than duodenal intubation. The ordinary duodenal tube is often employed instead of the large Nélaton stomach-tube because it is less unpleasant to take; it cannot, however, be used with unconscious or uncooperative patients. A type of styletted stomach
Assay for detecting IgE and IgG antibodies against <i>Candida albicans</i> cell‐wall mannan
Authors: K. Akiyama, T. Shida, H. Yasueda, A. Saito, M. Hasegawa, Y. Maeda, K. Takesako, H. Yamaguchi, H. Kato
Journal: Allergy (1998)

In the present study, we assayed mannan-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in samples of serum isolated from blood collected from adult patients with bronchial asthma, using a liquid-phase method with a polysaccharide, mannan (Mn), purified from Candida albicans (C. alb), and investigated the relationships of allergenicity among a crude extract of C. alb, purified Mn, and acid protease (AP), The correlations between the titers of anti-Mn A and anti-Mn B IgE and IgG were very strong, and the levels of inhibition of anti-Mn A IgE and IgG reactions by Mn A and Mn B were almost identical. Although no common allergenicity was observed between Mn A and AP because there was no correlation between the titers of anti-Mn A and anti-AP IgE, and no inhibition of the anti-Mn A IgE reaction by AP, both antigens were found to exist in crude C. alb. The level of inhibition of anti-crude C. alb IgG reaction by Mn A or Mn B was about 60%. Approximately 70% inhibition of the anti-Mn A IgE reaction was observed for eight different fungal allergen extracts, but no inhibition was observed for 11 of the other fungal allergen extracts tested. The above results indicate that common antigenicity was observed between Mn A and Mn B in the human IgE and IgG antibody production system, and the cross-allergenicity observed among some fungi was considered to be the result of the common antigenicity of Mn isoforms.
Abstract 4029: Inhibitor of differentiation 4 (Id4) Induces of senescence, apoptosis and cell cycle regression in prostate cancer
Authors: Jason P. Carey, Jaideep Chaudhary, Ashley Evans
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Id4 is a member of helix loop helix (HLH) transcriptional regulator family. Unlike its other family members (Id1, 2 and 3) that promote metastasis, proliferation and invasion (tumor promoter). Id4 essentially acts as a tumor suppressor e.g. Id4 expression is lost in prostate cancer through promoter hypermethylation. However the underlying mechanism by which Id4 acts as a tumor suppressor remains to be determined. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism by which Id4 acts as a tumor suppressor, we used DU145 cell in which Id4 is epigenetically silenced. Ectopic expression of Id4 in DU145 cells resulted in the induction of several cellular processes that are reminiscent of its role as a tumor suppressor. Our results suggested that Id4 is directly linked to cell cycle control, apoptosis, senescence and induction of epithelial like morphology. There is also an upregulation in androgen receptor expression, localization to the nucleus and an atypical response to androgens in DU145 prostate cancer cells. FACS analysis using a combination of PI and Annexin V staining demonstrated the ability of Id4 to induce an S-phase arrest, and initiate apoptosis. Interestingly, Id4 promoted senescence as observed by beta-galactosidase staining. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to study the gene expression of apoptosis and cell cycle control genes such as: E-cadherin, p21, p27, p53, MDM2, E2F1 and, Androgen receptor. The S-phase arrest in Du145+Id4 cells was E2F-1 dependent. The increased expression of E-cadherin, p27, p21 and MDM2 in DU145+Id4 cells strengthen the hypothesis that Id4 acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating key cell cycle control and apoptosis associated genes. Re-expression of functional androgen receptor marked a dramatic change in the androgen independent prostate cancer cell type. Thus, Id4 appears to induce a total cellular reprogramming and reversal of the cancer phenotype, by influencing key regulatory pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4029. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4029
The Physical Growth of Children from Birth to Maturity.
Authors: Bird Thomas Baldwin
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A clonal cell line from immortalized olfactory ensheathing glia promotes functional recovery in the injured spinal cord
Authors: M. Teresa Moreno-Flores, Elizabeth J. Bradbury, M. Jesús Martín-Bermejo, Marta Agudo, Filip Lim, Érika Pastrana, Jesús Ávila, Javier Díaz-Nido, Stephen B. McMahon, Francisco Wandosell
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Immortalized cell lines of olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) that maintain the proregenerative properties of primary cultures provide an unlimited source of OEG for both basic and applied studies. Indeed, one specific immortalized rat OEG clonal line (TEG3) proved to be as good as primary OEG in promoting neuritogenesis and axon regeneration in culture models. Thus, we examined the capacity of TEG3 to promote axonal repair in an animal model of spinal cord injury, dorsal column crush. TEG3 cells can acquire astrocyte-like or Schwann cell-like morphology depending on the conditions under which they are cultured. In the injured spinal cord, prelabeled TEG3 survived for at least 10 weeks after grafting and they integrated into the spinal cord, adopting Schwann cell-like, astrocyte-like, or intermediate morphologies. In TEG3-transplanted animals, sensory projection axons grow into the lesion site and there was robust sprouting/axonal growth of the corticospinal tract, both into and beyond the lesion site, after crushing of the spinal cord-dorsal columns. TEG3-transplanted animals also recovered sensory and motor function in tape removal and beam walking behavioral tests. These data indicate that certain immortalized cell lines derived from a single cell can maintain the regenerative properties of primary OEG.
Measurement of arachidonate and its metabolites extracted from human normal and malignant gastrointestinal tissues.
Authors: A Bennett, A Civier, C N Hensby, P B Melhuish, I F Stamford
Journal: Gut (1987)

This is the first report of human gastrointestinal arachidonate and prostanoids measured quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in extracts of human cancers and macroscopically normal tissues from the stomach and colon. There were microgram/g amounts of arachidonate, and the particularly high yield from the tumours may explain why they usually produce more prostaglandins than the normal tissues in which they arise. There was only a small conversion of the arachidonate into prostanoids. 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha was the most abundant metabolite measured, particularly in the tumour extracts, with smaller amounts of prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha and D2.
Mechanism of action of glucocorticosteroids. Inhibition of T cell proliferation and interleukin 2 production by hydrocortisone is reversed by leukotriene B4.
Authors: J S Goodwin, D Atluru, S Sierakowski, E A Lianos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

The mechanism whereby glucocorticosteroids are immunosuppressive is unknown. One potential mechanism of action of these compounds is inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism. We found that the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by hydrocortisone or dexamethasone was mimicked by nonspecific lipoxygenase inhibitors and also by a specific 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, but not by a specific cyclooxygenase inhibitor. Mitogen-stimulated cultures of T cells produce approximately 5 X 10(-9) M leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in 24 h. This production of LTB4 is completely inhibited by concentrations of hydrocortisone or lipoxygenase inhibitors that inhibit mitogen-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation. The inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by either hydrocortisone or by the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor was totally reversed by LTB4 but not by leukotriene C4 or leukotriene D4. LTB4 had no effect on the inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by noncorticosteroids such as prostaglandin E2, histamine, or gamma-interferon. The inhibition of interleukin 2 (IL-2) production by hydrocortisone or dexamethasone was also completely reversed by exogenous LTB4. LTB4 alone did not cause IL-2 production or cell proliferation when added to resting lymphocytes. Thus, endogenous LTB4 production appears to be necessary but not sufficient for phytohemagglutinin-induced IL-2 production and lymphocyte proliferation. Glucocorticosteroids inhibit IL-2 production and lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting endogenous LTB4 production.
Intensive Antibiotic Treatment for Burns Complicated by Pseudomonas Infection
Authors: Hiram C. Polk
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The stimulating report by Collentine et al (<b>200</b>:939, 1967) concerning the use of intensive antibiotic therapy and exposure for hospitalized burn patients included a statement that<i>Pseudomonas</i>septicemia had not occurred since the addition of prophylactic intravenously administered polymyxin B sulfate to their treatment regimen. Although our treatment program emphasizing topical antisepsis with 0.5% aqueous silver nitrate had improved burn survival significantly,<sup>1</sup>invasive<i>Pseudomonas</i>infection remained a major threat to our most badly burned patients.<sup>2</sup>Accordingly, alternate patients sustaining second and third degree burns of 40% of the body surface area or greater received a "prophylactic" regimen of intravenously administered polymyxin B sulfate as described by Collentine et al. This group represented those individuals with a reasonable likelihood of acquiring<i>Pseudomonas</i>infection. The patients treated and not treated were similar as to age distribution, extent of burns, and proportion of full thickness burns, all
Limits to be put on whole body scans as part of health screening MOTs
Authors: P. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Combining the molecular specificity of fluorescent probes with three-dimensional (3D) imaging at nanoscale resolution is critical for investigating the spatial organization and interactions of cellular organelles and protein complexes. We present a super-resolution light microscope that enables simultaneous multicolor imaging of whole mammalian cells at ~20 nm 3D resolution. We show its power for cell biology research with fluorescence images that resolved the highly convoluted Golgi apparatus and the close contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane, structures that have traditionally been the imaging realm of electron microscopy. <h3>One Sentence Summary</h3> Complex cellular structures previously only resolved by electron microscopy can now be imaged in multiple colors by 4Pi-SMS.
Liver-specific and proliferation-induced deoxyribonuclease I hypersensitive sites in the mouse insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 gene
Authors: Mary Ann Crissey, Julia I. Leu, Robert A. De Angelis, Linda E. Greenbaum, Marie L. Scearce, Kellen Kovalovich, Rebecca Taub
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

The insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 ( IGFBP-1 ) gene is highly expressed in fetal, perinatal, and regenerating liver. Up-regulation is transcriptionally mediated in regenerating liver and occurs in the first few minutes to hours after partial hepatectomy. In transgenic mice a 970-bp region from −776 to +151 of the IGFBP-1 promoter was sufficient for tissue-specific and induced expression of the gene in fetal and hepatectomized livers. However weak and/or poorly regulated expression in some transgenic lines suggested the existence of other regulatory regions. Here, genomic clones containing large regions 5′ of the mouse IGFBP-1 gene sequence were isolated, subcloned, and sequenced. Deoxyribonuclease I (DNaseI) hypersensitivity analyses identified clusters of tissue-specific nuclease-sensitive sites in the promoter region, −100 to −300, −2,300, −3,100, and −5,000 along with other weak sites. After partial hepatectomy, enhanced sensitivity and/or novel sites were detected in the −100/−300, −5,000, and −3,100 regions, the promoter region remaining the most hypersensitive. A subset of these sites was present in fetal and perinatal livers. Novel tissue-specific sites that interacted with C/EBP and hepatic nuclear factor 3 (HNF3) transcription factors were identified in the −3,100 region. A hepatectomy-induced DNA binding complex containing the transcription factor USF1 was identified within the −100 to −300 region of the promoter. These results suggested that a complex array of tissue-specific and hepatic proliferation-induced transcription factors combine to regulate both the proximal promoter and more distal regulatory elements of the IGFBP-1 gene.
An Incidental Pelvic Spleen and Splenule Appearance on Liver–Spleen Imaging
Authors: ASHOK N. JAIN, MICHAEL E. SPIETH, DARCY L. KASNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Department of Radiology,* Nuclear Medicine Section,† Marshfield Clinic and Marshfield Medical Research and Education Foundation,‡ Marshfield, Wisconsin Received for publication October 1, 2001. Revision accepted April 2, 2002. Reprint requests: Michael E. Spieth, Department of Radiology, Marshfield Clinic, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449. E-mail: [email protected]