tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mucus in Health and Disease Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Authors: L. A. Turnberg
Journal: Gut (1978)

The weaknesses are scanty and well localised.For instance, in one of the home team's contributions, claiming to show a reduction of gliadin toxicity by enzymic cleavage of a carbohydrate side chain, the key to the symbols in the figures is defective, nullifying detailed interpretation.The chief strength is that this is a faith- ful piece of reporting, conveying the atmosphere in the discussions as well as accurately presenting the papers.
PD4-2-5: Prolonged infusion (PI) of gemcitabine (G) in combination with cisplatin (C) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS): prelimininary results of measurement of g and its metabolites in plasma and white blood cells (WBC)
Authors: Orazio Caffo, Alessia Caldara, Maria Iris Cassetta, Stefania Fallani, Elena Marangon, Viviana Murgia, Stefania Nobili, Andrea Novelli, Massimo Zucchetti, Enzo Galligioni
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
South Asian health: what is to be done?
Authors: Anuruddha M Abeygunasekera
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion results in positive effects on exercise capacity, repeated sprint speed and sport-specific skill performance during intermittent exercise. This study evaluated the effects of lower concentrations of CHO on performance during intermittent exercise. Ten healthy males (mean±SD age 25±3 years; height 1.75±0.06 m; mass 75.9±6.4 kg; VO<sub>2max</sub> 54.2±5.0 ml/kg/min) completed four 15-min periods of intermittent running, consisting of maximal sprinting interspersed with periods of running and walking (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test). This was followed by the multistage shuttle-running fitness test (MSFT) to volitional exhaustion. Subjects consumed 3 ml/kg body mass of plain water, a 3% CHO solution or a 6% CHO solution before exercise and a further 1.5 ml/kg body mass of the appropriate drink after each 15-min block. A trial with no fluid ingestion was also completed. Sprint time, heart rate, core temperature, perceived exertion and thermal stress were recorded at regular intervals. Cognitive function was assessed using a computer-based test battery. Time to exhaustion in the MSFT was 9.9±2.0 min, 10.2±2.0 min, 10.9±1.9 min and 11.2±1.8 min in the no fluid, water, 3% and 6% CHO trials, respectively (p=0.004). Core temperature reached 38.9±0.4°C during the no fluid trial, 38.5±0.4°C in the water trial and 38.6±0.3°C at the end of the CHO trials (p=0.011). There was no change in response times to a visual search task in the no fluid and water trials, but CHO ingestion improved response times after exercise (3% CHO, p=0.036; 6% CHO, p=0.041). These data suggest that drinks containing lower CHO concentrations can produce improvements in exercise capacity and motor response times similar to those observed with the ingestion of the amounts of CHO found in many sports drinks. The study was carried out in relation to the product Powerade and was funded in part by The Coca-Cola Company.
Spinal Implants: Bioengineering a Multicomponent Spinal Motion Segment Construct—A 3D Model for Complex Tissue Engineering (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 1/2015)
Authors: Tsz Kit Chik, Wai Hon Chooi, Yuk Yin Li, Fu Chak Ho, Hiu Wa Cheng, Tsz Hang Choy, Kam Yim Sze, Keith Kei Dip Luk, Kenneth Man Chi Cheung, Barbara Pui Chan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The first realization of a bioengineered quadri-phasic spinal motion segment (SMS) is reported by B. P. Chan and co-workers on page 99 using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and collagen as starting materials. The construct consists of two vertebrae-endplate-like subunits, sandwiching a multi-lamellae annulus fibrosus-like component, which entraps a soft nucleus pulposus-like core. The complex hierarchical organization ranges from nano-fibrous collagen meshwork to micrometer-sized MSC-collagen beads, and from millimeter-sized individual tissue components to centimeter-sized SMS construct.
Hunter??s Shoulder in Bone Imaging
Authors: PETER L. VAN VALENBERG, FRANS H. CORSTENS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Bone imaging of a patient with carcinoma of the prostate showed increased radioactivity in the right shoulder. He had become an enthusiastic shotgun hunter several years earlier. The hot spot was most likely related to damage caused by the impact of the rifle butt on the right shoulder during shooting.
Relationships Between Teacher, Student, and Patient
Authors: Richard M. Magraw
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The "relationships between teacher, student, and patient in a changing clinical milieu" will be examined in terms of social roles and associated understandings. By social roles, I mean the various functions that the teacher or student or patient fills; and by understandings, I refer to the obligations and particularly the contracts that exist between the persons filling these roles. To set a framework, I cite the following series of assumptions: Much of what is important in the clinical training of medical students takes place in the personal transactions between the patient, the student physician, and the responsible physician. The character of these transactions is determined largely by the clinical milieu in which they occur. The milieu I refer to is not solely or even primarily the immediate physical surroundings, but rather the understandings that support the roles and associated transactions and that pervade the relationships that make up
Mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Authors: Y V Pashin, L M Bakhitova
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The rapid development of the chemical industry, combustion of fossil fuels, and smoking of tobacco have resulted in contact of the general population with benzo(a)pyrene and other carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons. Persons especially at risk occupationally are those engaged in thermal processing of oil shale, coal, and heavy residual petroleum. It has been shown that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons require metabolic activation before they can act as mutagens or carcinogens. This metabolic activation results from interaction with microsomal enzymes present in many body cells, yielding reactive epoxides which react with DNA and produce mutations in the count frame shift or participate in covalent bounding. While opinions differ regarding the relative role of these processes in mutagenesis, considerable evidence exists which links mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Metabolites of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are carcinogenic are usually mutagenic, which supports the hypothesis that damage to chromosomes plays an important role in carcinogenesis. These facts open the possibility to monitoring the spread of carcinogenic substances in the biosphere by relatively simple tests whose endpoint is mutagenesis.
ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES AS A COMPLICATION OF A SURGICAL OPERATION
Authors: Mary D. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1913)

few cases where an immediate repair of a small tear in the cervix after delivery is essential.The instrument itself can easily be understood by reference to the accompanying illustration.It is heavy enough to be strong, but not bulky.It is nine inches in length, and the space between the outside blade and the central shaft, when the instrument is closed, tapers from half an inch to a quarter of an inch.As is shown in the illustration, the three parts of this instrument arc held together by screws, and in some ways are similar in mechanism to the various forms of stomach clamps.Each blade has its own rächet allowing the adjust¬ ment of one set of teeth at a time into each lip of the cervix.In practice, 1 have found it easier to grasp the posterior lip lirst, and then approximate the anterior lip to it and grasp it in the same way.
Abstract A47: Akt mediates prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via affinity modulation of integrin αvβ3
Authors: Anna Goc, Junxiu Liu, Tatiana Byzova, Somanath Shenoy
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Prostate cancer cells often metastasize to the bones. The ability of prostate cancer cells to attach to several matrix proteins, migrate with a sense of direction in response to stimuli, invade to the adjacent tissue and enter the micro-circulation etc. are pre-requisites for them to metastasize to distant tissues. During this sojourn, prostate cancer cells keep transforming itself from one type to another by constantly changing the expression profile of its surface receptors and secreted factors, which in turn, helps them to respond to the cues from the micro-environment and mediate tumor progression. The current study is focused on the role of Akt kinase in the affinity modulation of integrin αvβ3 leading to prostate tumor invasion and metastasis. Methods: We used a number of tumor cell functional assay methods, molecular biology and biochemistry tools, immunocytochemistry, electric cell impedance sensing technology etc. to establish a correlation between Akt activity and inside-out activation (affinity modulation) of integrin αvβ3 leading to prostate cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Results: Our previous studies have shown that Akt is necessary for the affinity modulation of integrins in many normal cell types. Our results also implicated that Akt is necessary for prostate cancer cell functions such as proliferation, survival, invasion and migration. Current results revealed the involvement of Akt-mediated activation of integrin αvβ3 in human prostate cancer cells in vitro. We showed that Akt and integrin αvβ3 cooperation is required not only for tumor growth but also for invasion and further micro-metastasis to the blood vessels and eventually metastasis to the bone. Conclusion: Our study indicated a causal relationship between Akt activity, expression of integrin αvβ3 (that are not at all expressed by normal prostatic epithelial cells) and its inside-out activation (affinity modulation). We also conclude that Akt-mediated activation of integrin αvβ3 is necessary to initiate the switch in prostate cancer cells to invade and metastasis to distant tissues such as bone. Our study projects Akt and integrin αvβ3 as potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer therapy. Citation Format: Anna Goc, Junxiu Liu, Tatiana Byzova, Somanath Shenoy. Akt mediates prostate cancer cell migration and invasion via affinity modulation of integrin αvβ3 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A47.
ENTAMOEBAE AS AN ETIOLOGICAL FACTOR IN MULTIPLE ABSCESSES
Authors: C. J. H. Sharp, H. Morrison
Journal: BMJ (1925)

MULTIPLE ABSCESSES.Ly ;um" 205 beyond all expectations.All these cases were operated uponI uindler veirv adverse conditions; there were ilo niurses or trainedl attendants to help, and there was great difficulty in obtainiiig fresh food and milk.The imnmediate results were excellent, btut it became ol)bviois that lavage had to be persisted in for prolonged ln'riods to maintaii these results, and great care had to be takemi witlh regard to diet.Any indiscretion in diet broulght oai a recurrence of the symptoms.-In pr-acticallv all cases euisol was used until the waslhings vere cleani, annd thlea ordiinarv salinie solution.The main factor was thie cjiiantitv uised, several pints at eachi lavage being essential.I found that the introdulction of a rectal tuilhe for the evacuationls was a great relief to the patient.I rrlgr et that I am unable to give thle after-history of these inatients as they were transferred to other lhospitals, anid in those days, owinig to the scarcity of miiedical staff, 11o accurate records couild be kept.The inmediate resillts in all cases were excellent, and this metho(d of treatment inil)ressed me as being the onily rational procediure.Later on I had an opportunity, -while siurgeon to the Bowr-i1mUig Hospital, Bangalore, of observing and treating a case in more advantageous circumstances.Nallai-adi, aged 34, was admitted to hospital onl Juine 26th, 1920, suffering from chronic idysentery.He had hiad ani attack of dysenttery in February, 1920, from which hle recovered; in April, 1920, lie was operated upon for haemorrhoids at another hospital.Conlition.on Adnmission.-He was extr-emely emaciated anid anaemic, with sunken abdominal walls.Theie was extreme tender- ness over the left iliac region.The liver and spleen were normal in size.The motionis numbered about fifty daily; thev conisisted of blood-stained mucus and little faecal material.Microscopical exam- ination showed Entarnoeba histolytica and cysts to be present.Oni Jiiine 28th an ipecacuanha bolus was divided into two parts- Cline wa,s given at 5 a.m. and the other at 2 p.m., preceded bv ani opumiiii draught.Stools dtiring the twenty-four hours numbered thirtv-five.The next day einetine, grain 1/2 bis in die, was g-iven, and thle stools became less frequent and less bloody.0mi J-uily 1st the patienit was examinied, iiunder cliloroform, with tle .sigmlrnoidoscope.Several snmall ulcers were seen high up, aiid two large iulcers, oval in shape with well defined edges, the bases coveredl with muco-pus; the interveninig mncotis surface was reddish anid granular isi appearance and was covered with muco-pus.T'lie einetiiie inijections were continued up to Julv 6tl.By this timtie the stools were less frequenit, but the genieial conidition of the patient was much Norse.Oii Juily 7th he was operated upon withi a view of doinig an appenidicostomy.The appeindix was founI to be atrophiied and useless for this purpose, so a valvular caecostomy was done, a
Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy of Combined Assessment Using Adenosine Stress Computed Tomography Perfusion + Computed Tomography Angiography With Transluminal Attenuation Gradient + Computed Tomography Angiography Against Invasive Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Dennis T.L. Wong, Brian S. Ko, James D. Cameron, Darryl P. Leong, Michael C.H. Leung, Yuvaraj Malaiapan, Nitesh Nerlekar, Marcus Crossett, John Troupis, Ian T. Meredith, Sujith K. Seneviratne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Study of lysosomal enzyme release by microspectrofluorometry on single cells
Authors: P. MORLIERE, J. P. REYFTMANN, C. KOHEN, E. KOHEN, R. SANTUS, L. DUBERTRET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Study of lysosomal enzyme release by microspectrofluorometry on single cells Get access P. MORLIERE, P. MORLIERE Service de Dermatologie, Hópital Henri Mondor, 94010 Creteil, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. P. REYFTMANN, J. P. REYFTMANN Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie de l'Adaptation Biologique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ERA 951 du CNRS, 75231 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. KOHEN, C. KOHEN Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute, Miami, Florida 33101, U. S. A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. KOHEN, E. KOHEN Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute, Miami, Florida 33101, U. S. A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. SANTUS, R. SANTUS Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie de l'Adaptation Biologique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ERA 951 du CNRS, 75231 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. DUBERTRET L. DUBERTRET Laboratoire de Physico‐Chimie de l'Adaptation Biologique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ERA 951 du CNRS, 75231 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s27, 1 July 1984, Pages 235–238, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb15613.x Published: 01 July 1984
Directly observed therapy for tuberculosis
Authors: D. I Morse
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Directly observed therapy for tuberculosisSpend now or pay later An American advertisement for engine oil filters says, "You can pay me now or you can pay me later!"This challenge might do equally well for directly observed therapy for tuberculosis.With the oil filter, buyers are weighing the cost of routine preventive oil filtering against the cost of eventually overhauling the engine because of lack of maintenance.With tuberculosis, the balance is between the costs of routine monitoring to ensure that treatment is completed versus the enormous expense of poor adherence, treatment failure, recurrent hospitalisation, drug resistance, and continuing transmission of infection.
Imaging pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.
Authors: C D Flower
Journal: BMJ (1987)

so fewer infections in adolescence.He explains the link between appendicitis and the consumption of potato and sugar by the association of these cheap foodstuffs with poverty, which in turn goes with overcrowding and more virus infections.This is an ingenious and plausible theory even if it has overtones of having your cake and eating it-it blames absence of infections in infancy and then the presence of infections in adolescence.No serious objections were raised to it at the Southampton conference, but the hypothesis needs more supporting data and will not explain everything.Some older people do have faecoliths blocking their inflamed appendix.Perhaps constipation is the main risk factor in older people and lymphatic swelling induced by viraemia the main one in young people.Other factors-such as a change in bacterial flora or spasm in the caecum-could also play a part.Much research still needs to be done before we can say we fully understand acute appendicitis.
Effectiveness of Adding Montelukast to Inhaled Corticosteroids in Pediatric Subjects with Uncontrolled Asthma and Concomitant Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: N HARVEY, D BERUBE, C KOCH, S FOUCART, F PSARADELLIS, J SAMPALIS, A BECKER
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
The Problem Patient
Authors: DOUGLAS A. DROSSMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The physician often finds that certain patients are poorly responsive to usual methods of therapy, especially those with somatic symptoms in whom psychosocial factors are a major, if not the sole, determinant of the illness. To care for such patients one must understand their illness as the product of mutually interacting biologic, psychologic, and sociologic determinants. Guidelines for evaluation and treatment using this more comprehensive approach are presented.
Preception in Residency Training: Methods and Problems
Authors: PHILIP J. ESCOLL, HOWARD P. WOOD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The shifting, broadening role of the psychiatrist emphasizes the importance of idividual preception. In this experience the resident learns directly from the supervisor and is exposed, in a meaningful way, to his therapeutic style, personality, and attitudes. A program is described which provides a flexible combination of supervisory experiences to meet the needs of the individual resident.
Health Consequences of Acute and Chronic Marihuana Use
Authors: Sidney Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1985)

This volume is a comprehensive review of the current status of marijuana research and is fairly well up-to-date. It is written for the informed layperson, but the author may overestimate the perserverance and capacity of the public. The problem is that the type size is small (100 characters per line, 66 lines per page) and the author's style is compact. A number of pages have no paragraphs, so the result is a daunting solid block of unrelieved print. It is a difficult book to read. Even the chapter "Conclusion and Final Comments" gives additional findings, not conclusions. The author proposes that tetrahydrocannabinol produces an adrenergic effect, with consequent alterations of carbohydrate metabolism and deficiencies of amino acid synthesis to protein in the liver. This would result in mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and infections, abnormal sperm, and deficient brain cell functioning. Hypoxia resulting from carbon monoxide uptake, orthostatic hypotension, and defective glucose utilization
Prognostic Factors in Patients With Metastatic Germ Cell Tumors Who Experienced Treatment Failure With Cisplatin-Based First-Line Chemotherapy
Authors: Anja Lorch, Jörg Beyer, Caroline Bascoul-Mollevi, Andrew Kramar, Lawrence H Einhorn, Andrea Necchi, Christophe Massard, Ugo De Giorgi, Aude Fléchon, Kim A Margolin, Jean-Pierre Lotz, Jose Ramon Germa Lluch, Thomas Powles, Christian K Kollmannsberger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

To develop a prognostic model in patients with germ cell tumors (GCT) who experience treatment failure with cisplatin-based first-line chemotherapy.Data from 1,984 patients with GCT who progressed after at least three cisplatin-based cycles and were treated with cisplatin-based conventional-dose or carboplatin-based high-dose salvage chemotherapy was retrospectively collected from 38 centers/groups worldwide. One thousand five hundred ninety-four (80%) of 1,984 eligible patients were randomly divided into a training set of 1,067 patients (67%) and a validation set of 527 patients (33%). Seminomas were set aside for posthoc analyses. Primary end point was the 2-year progression-free survival after salvage treatment.Overall, 990 patients (62%) relapsed and 604 patients (38%) remained relapse free. Histology, primary tumor location, response, and progression-free interval after first-line treatment, as well as levels of alpha fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotrophin, and the presence of liver, bone, or brain metastases at salvage were identified as independent prognostic variables and used to build a prognostic model in the training set. Survival rates in the training and validation set were very similar. The estimated 2-year progression-free survival rates in patients not included in the training set was 75% in very low risk, 51% in low risk, 40% in intermediate risk, 26% in high risk, and only 6% in very high-risk patients. Due to missing values in individual variables, 69 patients could not reliably be classified into one of these categories.Prognostic variables are important in patients with GCT who experienced treatment failure with cisplatin-based first-line chemotherapy and can be used to construct a prognostic model to guide salvage strategies.
Nonlymphocyte-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Is Required for Induction of Colitis in Recombination Activating Gene (Rag)2−/− Mice upon Transfer of Cd4+Cd45rbhi T Cells
Authors: Nadia Corazza, Susanne Eichenberger, Hans-Pietro Eugster, Christoph Mueller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

In this study, we addressed the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and lymphotoxin (LT)-α in the development of colitis and defined the cellular sources (T cells versus non-T cells) of TNF (TNF-α and LT-α) relevant to disease development. After adoptive transfer of TNF+/+ CD4+CD45RBhi splenocytes into TNF+/+ recombination activating gene (RAG)2−/− mice, the recipients develop massive inflammation of the large intestinal mucosa concurrent with massive weight loss. In contrast, clinical signs of disease are completely absent in TNF−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF−/− CD4+CD45RBhi T cells, although elevated numbers of interferon-γ–producing cells are present in the colonic mucosa. Surprisingly, upon transfer of TNF−/−CD4+CD45RBhi T cells into TNF+/+RAG2−/− recipients, colitis develops with kinetics similar to those upon transfer of TNF+/+CD4+CD45RBhi donor cells. In contrast, no clinical signs of colitis are observed in TNF−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF+/+CD4+CD45RBhi T cells. This protection from colitis is not a consequence of the absence of LT-α, as TNF-α−/−RAG2−/− recipients of TNF-α−/− CD4+CD45RBhi T cells are also protected from colitis induction. These results demonstrate the importance of TNF production by non-T cells of the colonic mucosa in the pathogenesis of colitis and provide direct evidence for a nonredundant role of TNF-α in this mouse model of colitis.