tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vibrio parahaemolyticus Pneumonia
Authors: S.L. YU
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1984Vibrio parahaemolyticus PneumoniaS.L. YU, M.D., OLIVIA UY-YU, M.D.S.L. YU, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, OLIVIA UY-YU, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-2-320_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic (salt-loving) marine vibrio commonly associated with outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in Japan (1) and, sporadically, in coastal United States (2). This organism sometimes causes serious wound infections (3, 4). We recently had a patient with pneumonia and septicemia caused by this organism. This may be the first case report of V. parahaemolyticus pneumonia.A previously healthy 40-year-old man was hospitalized with sudden onset of chills, fever, cough, and dyspnea. He denied any preceding gastrointestinal symptoms. Until he became ill, he worked as a bailer in a local plant that processes menhaden (Brevoortia...References1. BLAKE P, WEAVER R, and HOLLIS D. Diseases of humans (other than cholera) caused by vibrios. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1980;34:341-67. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BARKER W, MACKOWIAK P, and FISHBAIN M. Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastoenteritis outbreak in Covington, Louisiana, in August 1972. Am J Epidemiol. 1974;100:316-23. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ROLAND F. Leg gangrene and endotoxin shock due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an infection acquired in New England coastal waters. N Engl J Med. 1970;282:1306. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. ZIDE N, DAVIS J, and EHRENKRANZ N. Fulminant Vibrio parahaemolyticus septicemia. Arch Intern Med. 1974;133:479-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BONNER J, COKER A, BERRYMAN C, and POLLOCK H. Spectrum of vibrio infections in a Gulf Coast community. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:464-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: S.L. YU, M.D.; OLIVIA UY-YU, M.D.Affiliations: Moss Regional Hospital Louisiana State University Lake Charles, LA 70605 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAt the ShoreThe human pathogenic vibrios – A public health update with environmental perspectivesPostoperative wound infection associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus in a patient without exposure to seawater 1 February 1984Volume 100, Issue 2Page: 320-320KeywordsArmed forcesDyspneaFeversGastroenteritisPneumoniaSepsisVibrio ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mechanism of Acceleration of Functional Reentry in the Ventricle
Authors: Takumi Uchida, Masaaki Yashima, Masamichi Gotoh, Zhilin Qu, Alan Garfinkel, James N. Weiss, Michael C. Fishbein, William J. Mandel, Peng-Sheng Chen, Hrayr S. Karagueuzian
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The effect of effective refractory period (ERP) shortening on the vulnerability and characteristics of induced functional reentry in the ventricle remain poorly defined. We hypothesized that ERP shortening increases ventricular vulnerability to reentry and accelerates its rate, as is the case in the atrium. Methods and Results —The epicardial surfaces of 19 isolated and superfused canine right ventricular slices (4×4 cm and &lt;2 mm thick) were mapped with 480 bipolar electrodes 1.6 mm apart. Vulnerability was tested during pacing at a cycle length (CL) of 600 ms and with a single premature stimulus of 5-ms duration at increasing current strength of 1 to 100 mA. Cromakalim (10 μmol/L), an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, caused a significant ( P &lt;0.001) shortening of the ERP but had no effect on conduction velocity. Cromakalim increased ( P &lt;0.01) the vulnerability (product of current and the stimulus coupling interval) for reentry induction. Reentry had a significantly shorter CL and lasted for a longer duration ( P &lt;0.001). The central core around which the wave front rotated became smaller, which caused shortening of the CL of reentry. A significant ( P &lt;0.001) linear correlation was found between core size and reentry CL. These effects of cromakalim were reversible. Two-dimensional simulation studies using the modified Luo-Rudy I model of cardiac action potential, in which the refractory period was variably shortened by a progressive increase of the time-independent potassium conductance, reproduced the experimental findings. Conclusions —ERP shortening by an ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener increases ventricular vulnerability to reentry and accelerates its rate by decreasing the core size around which the wave front rotates.
Tumor Response Kinetics after Schedule-Dependent Paclitaxel Chemoradiation Treatment for Inoperable Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Model for Low-Dose Chemotherapy Radiosensitization
Authors: Hong Zhang, Ollivier Hyrien, Kishan J. Pandya, Peter C. Keng, Yuhchyau Chen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of AS-013, a Prostaglandin E <sub>1</sub> Prodrug, in Patients With Intermittent Claudication
Authors: J.J.F. Belch, P.R.F. Bell, D. Creissen, J.A. Dormandy, R.C. Kester, R.D. McCollum, Y. Mizushima, C.V. Ruckley, J.H. Scurr, J.H.N. Wolfe
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Intermittent claudication due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is a common cause of pain and disability in the middle-aged. Clinical trials of the potent vasodilator prostaglandin E 1 have been disappointing. This is the first report of a controlled clinical trial of AS-013, a novel prodrug of prostaglandin E 1 incorporated into lipid microspheres that has been developed to improve delivery of the active compound to blood vessel walls. Methods and Results Eighty patients with stenosis or occlusion, symptoms of intermittent claudication, and maximum walking distance of ≥30 and ≤300 m on a standard treadmill test were randomized to placebo or one of three dosage regimens of AS-013. Drug was administered by intravenous injection 5 d/wk for 4 weeks. Treadmill tests and other assessments were completed at weeks 0, 4, and 8. A statistically significant increase in maximum walking distance was observed at 4 weeks (for placebo: median, 4.5 m; interquartile range [IQR], 20; for active treatment: median, 28.0 m; IQR, 81; P &lt;.01, Mann-Whitney test). A similar response was seen at 8 weeks (for placebo: median, −11.2 m; IQR, 35; for active treatment: median, 35 m; IQR, 68; P &lt;.01, Mann-Whitney test). Dose-related improvements in pain-free walking distance and quality of life were observed. No serious safety issues were noted. Conclusions These promising clinical data indicate that AS-013, a new prodrug of prostaglandin E 1 , could provide an effective and acceptable treatment for patients with intermittent claudication. Studies to investigate the optimal dosing regimen, duration of clinical benefit, and effects in more severe forms of peripheral arterial disease are warranted.
AB0614 Role of wnt antagonists (sclerostin and dkk-1) on bone turnover markers and bone mass, in patients with complete spinal cord injury. preliminary results
Authors: L. Gifre, J. Vidal, S. Ruiz-Gaspà, E. Portell, A. Monegal, A. Muxi, N. Guañabens, P. Peris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been associated with a marked increase in bone loss. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the effect of Wnt signalling antagonists (sclerostin and DKK-1) and their relationship with bone turnover markers and BMD evolution in patients with a recent SCI. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with a recent complete motor SCI (AIS A or B)(&lt;6 months) were prospectively included. Bone turnover markers (Bone formation: P1NP, bone AP; Bone resorption: sCTx), Wnt antagonists (serum sclerostin and Dkk-1, determined by ELISA, Biomedica Gruppe, Austria) and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed in all patients at baseline and at 6 months. The results were compared with 23 healthy individuals of similar age and sex. <h3>Results</h3> 25 men with a mean age of 37±15 years were included at 101±33 days of SCI onset (AIS 24A;1B). 56% had paraplegia. 13 patients were assessed at 6 months of follow-up. Patients with SCI showed a significant increase in bone turnover markers compared to controls (P1NP 194±87 ng/ml vs. 49±15, p&lt;0.001; sCTx 1.39 ± 0.47 ng/ml vs. 0.48±0.21, p&lt;0.001) and decreased levels of Dkk-1 (63.5±32.8 vs. 39.9±15.7 pmol/L, p=0.003). No differences in sclerostin levels were observed versus controls (39.7±15.4 vs. 35.9±20.5 pmol/L, p=ns). 60% had a low BMD. At 6 months, sclerostin levels increased significantly (40%, p=0.013), bone turnover markers decreased (P1NP -37%, p=0.003 and sCTx -32%, p=0.007) and BMD decreased about 11% at total femur (p=0.002) compared to baseline. Dkk-1 levels also significantly decreased (-35%, p=0.041). Changes in Dkk-1 levels were positively correlated with changes in total femur BMD (r=0.6, p=0.05), while changes in sclerostin were negatively correlated with bone AP change (r=-0.668, p=0.025). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with complete SCI have a marked increase in bone turnover markers and early bone loss over 10% at femur. Wnt signalling antagonists seem to be related to bone loss in acute SCI. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Work funded by a grant from Fundació La Marató de TV3. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Radiography for Ankle Injuries-Reply
Authors: Ian G. Stiell
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In Reply.  —We wish to draw Dr Hatch's attention to the Data Collection section (second paragraph), which is given entirely to the issue of clinically significant fractures:  The criterion standard that the decision rules were designed to identify were clinically significant fractures seen in the ankle or foot radiographic series. These radiographic series were interpreted by qualified radiologists who were blinded to the content of the data collection sheets. We defined clinically significant fractures as bone fragments greater than 3 mm in breadth. This definition was agreed on by members of the emergency and orthopedics departments and reflects clinical management in that malleolar or midfoot avulsion fractures of 3 mm or less are not treated with plaster immobilization in our institutions. 1   The rules, from their inception, were not designed to detect tiny avulsion fractures, and hence sensitivity was not calculated for this outcome. In our experience, however, the vast
Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Associations of Two Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphisms With Nephropathy and Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Daniel P.K. Ng, Kee-Seng Chia, David Koh
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Wang et al. (1) recently examined aldose reductase as a susceptibility gene for diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetic Chinese in Hong Kong. Although there was a small increase in the frequencies of the risk alleles of the (CA)n dinucleotide repeat and C-106T polymorphisms, analysis of the genotype distribution failed to detect any significant association between these polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy (1). This negative …
Abstract A29: Distinguishing features of ERG oncoprotein expression among matched cohorts of African-American and Caucasian-American prostate cancer patients
Authors: Gyorgy Petrovics, Philip Rosen, David Pfister, Denise Young, Yongmei Chen, Albert Dobi, David McLeod, Shiv Srivastava, Isabell Sesterhenn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction and Objective: The ETS-related gene (ERG) proto-oncogene is frequently overexpressed in prostate cancer (CaP) as a result of a genomic rearrangement that places ERG under the control of the androgendependent TMPRSS2 promoter. The initial report of quantitative ERG mRNA expression in micro-dissected prostate tumor cells showed significantly higher ERG expression in CaP of Caucasian-Americans (CA) patients vs. African-American (AA) patients (Petrovics et al, Oncogene, 2005). Recent studies (Magi-Galluzzi et al, Prostate, 2011; Elliott et al, USCAP Mtg., 2011) have also shown higher frequency of ERG rearrangement or ERG oncoprotein expression in CaP of CA patients. We evaluate the frequency and pattern of the ERG oncoprotein expression in prostate tumors of matched CA and AA CaP patients to better understand the biological basis for differences in prostate cancer between the two populations. Methods: Ninety one AA and 91 CA CaP patients were matched for age, Gleason score and pathologic stage. All underwent radical prostatectomy between 1993 and 2010. Whole mount prostate specimens were used for the immunohistochemical detection of the ERG oncoprotein by a highly specific ERG monoclonal antibody (clone 9FY). Individual foci of tumors were reported as either positive or negative. ERG staining data was linked to clinico-pathologic data. Biochemical recurrence was defined as two serum PSA measurements of 0.2 ng/mL or higher at least 8 weeks from surgery. Results: A higher percentage of CA (61.8%) than AA (28.2%) CaP patients had ERG positive index tumors and had at least one focus of tumor positive for ERG. A higher percentage of overall tumor foci were also positive for ERG in CA than AA CaP patients. There was high concordance of ERG positive prostatic intra-epitheilal neoplasia (PIN) and ERG positive CaP in both AA and CA patients. Conclusions: ERG expression is more prevalent among CA than AA CaP patients in matched cohorts. Differences in the pattern of ERG expression in CaP and differing trends in biochemical recurrence between CA and AA patients with ERG (+) index tumors suggest a dominant clonal selection of ERG-positive tumors in CA patients. These differences in ERG expression have the potential to delineate biological distinctions of CaP in the two patient populations. Citation Format: Gyorgy Petrovics, Philip Rosen, David Pfister, Denise Young, Yongmei Chen, Albert Dobi, David McLeod, Shiv Srivastava, Isabell Sesterhenn. Distinguishing features of ERG oncoprotein expression among matched cohorts of African-American and Caucasian-American prostate cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.
THREE-STAGE TRACHEOBRONCHIAL RECONSTRUCTION FOR TUBERCULOUS STENOSIS
Authors: Paul w. Gebauer
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Surgical treatment of tracheobronchial deformities permits conservation of undamaged lung tissue distal to bronchial lesions, and provides a means of treating obstructive tracheal lesions heretofore considered insurmountable. Two methods in this immature surgical field have been used with gratifying success. The first is resection and anastomosis,<sup>1</sup>the second is plastic reconstruction with wire-supported dermal grafts.<sup>2</sup>The first method is useful for small localized lesions, and the second suitable for more extensive deformities. The case described here afforded a severe test for tracheobronchial reconstruction. The relatively new surgical method used provided a solution to a clinical problem in which the distribution of healed lesions of tuberculous tracheobronchitis (which created the problem) was unique. In this case strangulating asphyxiation was gradually progressive for two years until finally an incredible degree of airway obstruction resulted that involved the thoracic trachea as well as both bronchi. Developing rapidly, a similar degree of
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Ischemic Stroke in the Elderly
Authors: Ralph L. Sacco, Richard T. Benson, Douglas E. Kargman, Bernadette Boden-Albala, Catherine Tuck, I-Feng Lin, J. F. Cheng, Myunghee C. Paik, Steven Shea, Lars Berglund
Journal: JAMA (2001)

ContextElevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have been shown to be protective against cardiovascular disease. However, the association of specific lipoprotein classes and ischemic stroke has not been well defined, particularly in higher-risk minority populations.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between HDL-C and ischemic stroke in an elderly, racially or ethnically diverse population.DesignPopulation-based, incident case-control study conducted July 1993 through June 1997.SettingA multiethnic community in northern Manhattan, New York, NY.ParticipantsCases (n = 539) of first ischemic stroke (67% aged ≥65 years; 55% women; 53% Hispanic, 28% black, and 19% white) were enrolled and matched by age, sex, and race or ethnicity to stroke-free community residents (controls; n = 905).Main Outcome MeasureIndependent association of fasting HDL-C levels, determined at enrollment, with ischemic stroke, including atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic ischemic stroke subtypes.ResultsAfter risk factor adjustment, a protective effect was observed for HDL-C levels of at least 35 mg/dL (0.91 mmol/L) (odds ratio [OR], 0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39-0.72). A dose-response relationship was observed (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.47-0.90 and OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.21-0.46) for HDL-C levels of 35 to 49 mg/dL (0.91-1.28 mmol/L) and at least 50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L), respectively. The protective effect of a higher HDL-C level was significant among participants aged 75 years or older (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.27-0.94), was more potent for the atherosclerotic stroke subtype (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.08-0.50), and was present in all 3 racial or ethnic groups studied.ConclusionsIncreased HDL-C levels are associated with reduced risk of ischemic stroke in the elderly and among different racial or ethnic groups. These data add to the evidence relating lipids to stroke and support HDL-C as an important modifiable stroke risk factor.
CEACAM1-3S Drives Melanoma Cells into NK Cell-Mediated Cytolysis and Enhances Patient Survival
Authors: Nico Ullrich, Anja Heinemann, Elena Nilewski, Inka Scheffrahn, Joachim Klode, André Scherag, Dirk Schadendorf, Bernhard B. Singer, Iris Helfrich
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

CEACAM1 is a widely expressed multifunctional cell-cell adhesion protein reported to serve as a poor prognosis marker in melanoma patients. In this study, we examine the functional and clinical contributions of the four splice isoforms of CEACAM1. Specifically, we present in vitro and in vivo evidence that they affect melanoma progression and immune surveillance in a negative or positive manner that is isoform specific in action. In contrast with isoforms CEACAM1-4S and CEACAM1-4L, expression of isoforms CEACAM1-3S and CEACAM1-3L is induced during disease progression shown to correlate with clinical stage. Unexpectedly, overall survival was prolonged in patients with advanced melanomas expressing CEACAM1-3S. The favorable effects of CEACAM1-3S related to enhanced immunogenicity, which was mediated by cell surface upregulation of NKG2D receptor ligands, thereby sensitizing melanoma cells to lysis by natural killer cells. Conversely, CEACAM1-4L downregulated cell surface levels of the NKG2D ligands MICA and ULBP2 by enhanced shedding, thereby promoting malignant character. Overall, our results define the splice isoform-specific immunomodulatory and cell biologic functions of CEACAM1 in melanoma pathogenesis.
Lehrbuch der röntgenologischen Differentialdiagnostik. Band II; Erkrankungen der Bauchorgane
Authors: Luther W. Brady
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Professor Teschendorf has continued his superb presentation in differential roentgenographic diagnosis with a second volume devoted to diseases of the abdomen. The volume provides an up-to-date review and discussion of diseases of the abdominal organs, presenting his techniques as well as a balanced review of the best publications of both European and American literature.  The general format of publication is excellent. Titles in the margins of the text are helpful in reviewing a particular disease process and makes the volume generally easier to use. For one not well versed in German, translation can be somewhat difficult.  The roentgenograms, printed in reverse technique, are excellent in every respect and excellent photographs of the pathological specimens illuminate and expand the roentgenographic presentation.  The author spends a great deal of time on pharmacological tests for gastrointestinal function, a type of study not generally performed in the United States, where more reliance is placed
A myeloablative conditioning regimen for patients with impaired cardiac function undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation: Reduced cyclophosphamide combined with etoposide and total body irradiation
Authors: Akihide Yoshimi, Yasuhito Nannya, Mamiko Sakata‐Yanagimoto, Kumi Oshima, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Yoshinobu Kanda, Toru Motokura, Shigeru Chiba, Mineo Kurokawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

To circumvent the cardiac toxicity of high-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) in the myeloablative conditioning for those with cardiac comorbidity, we developed a new cardiac sparing conditioning regimen (VP/rCY/TBI) composed of 12 Gy of total body irradiation (TBI), etoposide (VP-16) (40 mg/kg), and reduced CY (40 mg/kg). We assessed the feasibility of this regimen by retrospectively comparing the outcome of VP/rCY/TBI recipients (n = 18) with that of CY/TBI recipients (n = 140). VP/rCY/TBI recipients had significantly higher cumulative dose of anthracyclines, lower ejection fraction (EF), and poorer Karnofsky performance scales (KPS) than CY/TBI recipients. The cumulative incidences of disease progression were 34.9% in VP/rCY/TBI recipients and 19.0% in CY/TBI recipients (P = 0.33). Despite poorer KPS and more cardiac comorbidity in the VP/rCY/TBI recipients, no difference in the nonprogression mortality rates was observed among recipients of the two regimens (17.5 and 14.3%, respectively, P = 0.96). Severe cardiac toxicity within 28 days after transplantation occurred in 5.9 and 3.6% of VP/rCY/TBI and CY/TBI recipients, respectively (P = 0.64). Graft rejection was not observed in VP/rCY/TBI recipients. There is a possibility that VP/rCY/TBI regimen can be safely administered for patients with pretransplantation cardiac comorbidity while preserving antineoplastic effects. These observations merit further prospective study.
John Andrew Pickering
Authors: A. Wolff
Journal: BMJ (2013)

While at university, John Andrew Pickering also obtained a blue in boxing and played cricket for the university first X1. In 1964 he went to Australia to work as a resident medical officer at Wimmera Base Hospital in Horsham, Victoria. The following year he moved to nearby Dimboola, working in general practice with Alister Hinchley as his mentor.

John moved to New South Wales in 1970 and worked as the medical superintendent at Port Kembla Hospital. He completed a graduate diploma in health administration at the University of New South Wales in 1974 and then obtained fellowships of the Royal Australian College of Medical Administrators and the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. …
Thalidomide and cancer cachexia: old problem, new hope?
Authors: M Stroud
Journal: Gut (2005)

The cancer cachexia syndrome is common. Significant weight loss occurs in approximately 50% of oncology patients, with even higher values in those with gastrointestinal tumours.1 In pancreatic cancer, approximately 80% of patients will become severely malnourished. The development of cachexia is not only distressing for patients and their families, it is also associated with a much worse clinical outcome. Malnourished patients undergoing surgery for cancer have morbidity and mortality rates of three to four times those of their better nourished counterparts,2 and wasted weakened patients also tolerate chemoradiation poorly. Ultimately, malnutrition itself can be considered to be the final cause of death in approximately 30% of cancer patients. It occurs once patients have lost about one third of their premorbid body weight.