tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Calyceal Diverticulum Focal Renal Uptake on Bone Scan
Authors: SAM T. AURINGER, THOMAS E. SUMNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A Tc-99m MDP bone scan to evaluate a 4-year-old child with limp revealed a normal skeleton but focal increased activity in or adjacent to the upper pole of the left kidney. Renal ultrasound and CT were normal. Excretory urography revealed an upper pole calyceal diverticulum. Most often solitary and asymptomatic, calyceal diverticula are related to the upper-pole collecting system. Unless associated with pain, hematuria, or calculus, no therapy is necessary.
Palestinian health: the truth, the lies, and the statistics
Authors: Simon M Fellerman
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A number of articles relating to the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians have appeared in medical journals recently. They all follow the same pattern, presenting uncorroborated statistics, condemning Israel for supposedly attacking Palestinian health services, and, most disconcerting of all, questioning Israel's basic right to exist.

Derek Summerfield's article ( BMJ 2004;329: 924) is a sterling example of this genre. Space prohibits a detailed response to all his claims; I shall therefore limit my response to four specific points.

The first is his use of statistics. Summerfield ignores the fact that Israeli casualties are overwhelmingly civilian (www.ict.org.il/) and that many of the aggressors are on the payroll of the Palestinian Authority, which is heavily financed by the European Union (http://eufunding.org/accountability/NewFPCReport.html). Summerfield's selective application of numbers would not be acceptable in medical research, so why does he present them to BMJ readers?

Secondly, Summerfield states that Israeli “soldiers are routinely authorised to shoot to kill children.” He offers no proof for this. Indeed he cannot, because no such authorisation has been given. Israeli army procedure is in accordance with the Geneva Conventions, to which Israel is a signatory. One may note that Summerfield's Palestinian friends have …
THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF CANCER OF THE CERVIX UTERI.
Authors: EMIL RIES
Journal: JAMA (1906)

6) Results Under Existing and Past Conditions.-Prob- ably from 75 to 80 per cent, of these patients in this country do not apply for treatment until the disease has progressed too far for anything but palliative measures (i.e., until the disease is no longer limited to the uterus).In only about 20 to 25 per cent of the total number of cases of cancer of the cervix is radical operation attempted.In the vast majority of these cases, a careful study of the gross specimen and micro- scopic sections from the outer margin, will show that the sur- geon has failed to remove all of the diseased tissues.The so- called rapid recurrences are really, therefore, continued growths.In these cases medical attendants have made an effort to save the patient's life, but the disease had, unfortunately, pro- gressed too far for that result to tie possible.Unfortunately, in from only 3 to 6 per cent, of the total number of cases of cancer of the cervix is an operation instituted early enough for the surgeon to circumvent the disease.It is only in this class, of course, that the disease is completely eradicated.(c) Results Which Appear Easily Possible.-Authenticcases of complete eradication of undoubted cancer of the cervix are so numerous as to leave no doubt that, if the diseased tis- sues are completely excised and if the implantation at the time of the operation is avoided, a permanent cure is not only pos- .sible but also probable.cancer of the body of the uterus.Cancer of the body of the uterus is much less frequent than cancer of the cervix, grows much more slowly, and remains restricted to the uterus for a long time; and for these reasons the diagnosis is usually made earlier in the course of the disease and its operative treatment is attended with a lower primary mortality and a much higher percentage of cures.Cancer of the body of the uterus usually occurs at a more ad- vanced age than cancer of the cervix, and is more frequent in women who have not had children.
More than 10% of hospital deaths could be avoided, conference is told
Authors: Henry Creagh
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Objective</h3> To describe the associations between the socioeconomic status of emergency department (ED) users and age, sex, and acuity of medical conditions to better understand users’ common characteristics, and to better meet primary and ambulatory health care needs. <h3>Design</h3> A retrospective, observational, population-based analysis. A rigorous proxy of socioeconomic status was applied using census-based methods to calculate a relative deprivation index. <h3>Setting</h3> Ontario. <h3>Participants</h3> All Ontario ED visits for the fiscal year April 1, 2008, to March 31, 2009, from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System data set. <h3>Main outcome measures</h3> Emergency department visits were ranked into deprivation quintiles, and associations between deprivation and age, sex, acuity at triage, and association with a primary care physician were investigated. <h3>Results</h3> More than 25% of ED visits in Ontario were from the most deprived population; almost half of those (12.3%) were for conditions of low acuity. Age profiles indicated that a large contribution to low-acuity ED visits was made by young adults (aged 20 to 30 years) from the most deprived population. For the highest-volume ED in Ontario, 94 of the 499 ED visits per day were for low-acuity patients from the most deprived population. Most of the highest volume EDs in Ontario (more than 200 ED visits per day) follow this trend. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Overall input into EDs might be reduced by providing accessible and appropriate primary health care resources in catchment areas of EDs with high rates of low-acuity ED visits, particularly for young adults from the most deprived segment of the population.
Prescription Drug Abuse
Authors: Robert Newman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Letters19 August 2014Prescription Drug AbuseRobert Newman, MD, MPHRobert Newman, MD, MPHFrom Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L14-5016-5 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:It is disappointing that Kirschner and colleagues' (1) position paper on prescription drug abuse focuses almost exclusively on the supply end of the problem while ignoring demand—specifically, demand by those who are today dependent on prescription painkillers. In fact, the word “dependence” appears in only 1 paragraph of this lengthy paper and within a section subtitled “Drug Enforcement Administration.”Surely physicians, more than any other segment of society, should be keenly aware that drug dependence is a chronic medical condition that in most cases requires treatment. Without treatment, successful efforts to curtail supply actually exacerbate the dangers ...Reference1. Kirschner N, Ginsburg J, Sulmasy LS; Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians.. Prescription drug abuse: executive summary of a policy position paper from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2014;160:198. [PMID: 24323199] doi:10.7326/M13-2209 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert Newman, MD, MPHAffiliations: From Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L14-0179. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPrescription Drug Abuse: Executive Summary of a Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians Neil Kirschner , Jack Ginsburg , and Lois Snyder Sulmasy , for the Health and Public Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians* Prescription Drug Abuse J. Walden Retan Prescription Drug Abuse Neil Kirschner and Thomas G. Tape Prescription Drug Abuse Neil Kirschner and Thomas G. Tape Prescription Drug Abuse J. Walden Retan Metrics 19 August 2014Volume 161, Issue 4Page: 306KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureDrug abuseDrug administrationDrug dependenceDrugsHeroinMedical conditionsPrescription drug abuse ePublished: 19 August 2014 Issue Published: 19 August 2014 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2014 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Scientific Basis of Clinical Pharmacology: Principles and Examples
Authors: Leo E. Hollister
Journal: JAMA (1986)

It has been eight years since the appearance of the second edition of<i>Clinical Pharmacology: Basic Principles in Therapeutics</i>, edited by Melmon and Morelli. Today, such an interval is a long time in most disciplines, so that a new text on clinical pharmacology is long overdue. Reynold Spector and a few colleagues at the University of Iowa have attempted to fill that void. While a new text on this subject was recently published in Britain, texts published in the United States tend to be most used in the United States and those in Britain in Britain. Thus, this new book represents the newest American entry in the field. The book represents a tour de force by Spector, the main author. He has written 22 of the 31 chapters, a rare solo performance in these days of multiauthored books. One would guess that this degree of authorship would lend consistency to
Acute Improvement of P Wave Dispersion after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Murat Turfan, Mehmet Akif Vatankulu, Osman Sonmez, Emrah Sevgili, Abdurrahman Tasal, Mehmet Ergelen, Ömer Göktekin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Physicians Urged to Report Moderate to Severe Immune Deficiency Cases Without Evidence of HIV Infection
Authors: Marsha Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THREE OR MORE weeks ago, when physicians who care for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were scanning the news media for the latest information from the Eighth International Conference on AIDS, held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, most of them got more news than they bargained for.  Benefit of Meeting  Representatives of television and the press reported with alacrity a development that, although unanticipated by conference planners, perfectly illustrates the synergistic results of annually convening a world's worth of experts on immune deficiency.  The mystery that now is being pondered involves a few persons around the world who reportedly have been found to have the signs and symptoms of AIDS, but no traces of infection with HIV. The immediate question, of course, is whether a new virus is involved, although many investigators are skeptical.  More Details in Near Future   JAMA 's Medical News &
Gene insertion and long-term expression in lung mediated by the sleeping beauty transposon system
Authors: Lalitha R Belur, Joel L Frandsen, Adam J Dupuy, David H Ingbar, David A Largaespada, Perry B Hackett, R Scott McIvor
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Gene transfer to the lung could provide important new treatments for chronic and acquired lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, emphysema, and cancer. DNA-mediated gene transfer to the lung has been previously demonstrated, but anticipated effectiveness has been limited by low gene transfer efficiencies and by transient expression of the transgene. Here, we combine plasmid-based gene transfer with the integrating capacity of the nonviral Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon vector system to mediate gene insertion and long-term gene expression in mouse lung. We observed transgene expression after 24 h in lungs of all animals injected with the luciferase transposon (pT/L), but expression for up to 3 months required codelivery of a plasmid encoding the Sleeping Beauty transposase. We also observed long-term expression in pT/L-injected animals transgenic for SB transposase. Transgene expression was localized to the alveolar region of the lung, with transfection including mainly type II pneumocytes. We used a linker-mediated PCR technique to recover transposon flanking sequences, demonstrating transposition of pT/L into mouse chromosomal DNA of the lung.
MUTATIONS IN GENES ENCODING THE CARDIAC SODIUM CHANNEL AND ASSOCIATED COMPOUNDS AND THEIR IMPACT ON OUTCOME OF CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Daniela Husser, Laura Ueberham, Gerhard Hindricks, Christie Ingram, Dawood Darbar, Peter E. Weeke, Volker Adam, Dan M. Roden, Andreas Bollmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Intrahepatic myeloid-cell aggregates enable local proliferation of CD8+ T cells and successful immunotherapy against chronic viral liver infection
Authors: Li-Rung Huang, Dirk Wohlleber, Florian Reisinger, Craig N Jenne, Ru-Lin Cheng, Zeinab Abdullah, Frank A Schildberg, Margarete Odenthal, Hans-Peter Dienes, Nico van Rooijen, Edgar Schmitt, Natalio Garbi, Michael Croft, Christian Kurts, Paul Kubes, Ulrike Protzer, Mathias Heikenwalder, Percy A Knolle
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
RAPID METHOD OF DEMONSTRATING TUBERCLE BACILLI IN SPUTA.
Authors: JOHN D. KALES
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Those who have been engaged in the demonstration of bacteria, and the use of the various methods of staining them, have doubtless been prompted to simplify the technique as much as possible. They can thereby attain a much greater percentage of successful preparations when the work is being done by a large class in the laboratory. A method that is carried out with ease and success by many students working together in a laboratory, must of necessity possess certain advantages that would favor its adoption by every practitioner who realizes the diagnostic value of detecting tubercle bacilli, and has the necessary optical apparatus. The writer has for several years stained sputa for tubercle bacilli by a rapid method, one quite generally adopted at present. It consisted in using the cover-glass as if it were a dish, and while holding it with a pair of forceps, the various staining fluids were
Antibodies to C1q in systemic lupus erythematosus: Characteristics and relation to FcγRIIA alleles
Authors: Leah A. Haseley, Jeffrey J. Wisnieski, Michelle R. Denburg, Abigail R. Michael-Grossman, Ellen M. Ginzler, Mark F. Gourley, Jean H. Hoffman, Robert P. Kimberly, Jane E. Salmon
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer: predominance of multiple foci of signet ring cell carcinoma in distal stomach and transitional zone
Authors: A Charlton
Journal: Gut (2004)

<b>Background and aims:</b> Germline mutations in the <i>CDH-1</i>/E-cadherin gene are, to date, the only known cause of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). While two recent series of prophylactic gastrectomy described microscopic foci of signet ring cell carcinoma in sample sections from 10 macroscopically normal stomachs, whole stomach phenotype has not been mapped. We aimed to describe the size and distribution of foci in relation to mucosal zones and anatomical location. <b>Methods:</b> Six patients (from three HDGC kindred) were referred for total gastrectomy via three different referral pathways. Following fixation, five stomachs were completely blocked and one extensively sampled. Histopathology was mapped to a mucosal photograph of each stomach, enabling precise localisation of carcinoma foci, benign pathology, and mucosal zones. <b>Results:</b> There were 4–318 microscopic foci of intramucosal signet ring cell adenocarcinoma in the six macroscopically normal stomachs (foci size 0.1–10 mm in diameter). The distal third of the stomach contained 48% of total foci (range 29–75%). The body-antral transitional zone occupied 7.7% of mucosal area (range 3.6–11.8) but had 37% of foci (range 10%–75%). The largest foci were found in the transitional zone and foci density was five times greater in the transitional zone than in body or antral type mucosa. <b>Conclusions:</b> In germline <i>CDH-1</i> mutation carriers, multiple microscopic foci of intramucosal signet ring cell carcinoma show a predilection for the distal stomach and the body-antral transitional zone. Targeting the transitional zone would maximise the likelihood of finding foci in macroscopically normal gastrectomies, and particular attention should be paid to this area during endoscopy.
844 IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PAN-GENOTYPE ACTIVITY OF THE HCV NS3/4A PROTEASE INHIBITORS BOCEPREVIR AND TELAPREVIR
Authors: J.A. Howe, D. Graham, P. McMonagle, S. Curry, R. Chase, F. Lahser, R.A. Ogert, J. Strizki, R.J.B.O. Barnard, R. Zhang, G. Zhuyan, M. Treitel, D.J. Hazuda, A.Y. Howe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
SOCS2 Controls Proliferation and Stemness of Hematopoietic Cells under Stress Conditions and Its Deregulation Marks Unfavorable Acute Leukemias
Authors: Caterina Vitali, Claudia Bassani, Claudia Chiodoni, Elisa Fellini, Carla Guarnotta, Silvia Miotti, Sabina Sangaletti, Fabio Fuligni, Loris De Cecco, Pier P. Piccaluga, Mario P. Colombo, Claudio Tripodo
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) promptly adapt hematopoiesis to stress conditions, such as infection and cancer, replenishing bone marrow-derived circulating populations, while preserving the stem cell reservoir. SOCS2, a feedback inhibitor of JAK-STAT pathways, is expressed in most primitive HSC and is upregulated in response to STAT5-inducing cytokines. We demonstrate that Socs2 deficiency unleashes HSC proliferation in vitro, sustaining STAT5 phosphorylation in response to IL3, thrombopoietin, and GM-CSF. In vivo, SOCS2 deficiency leads to unrestricted myelopoietic response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and, in turn, induces exhaustion of long-term HSC function along serial bone marrow transplantations. The emerging role of SOCS2 in HSC under stress conditions prompted the investigation of malignant hematopoiesis. High levels of SOCS2 characterize unfavorable subsets of acute myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemias, such as those with MLL and BCR/ABL abnormalities, and correlate with the enrichment of genes belonging to hematopoietic and leukemic stemness signatures. In this setting, SOCS2 and its correlated genes are part of regulatory networks fronted by IKZF1/Ikaros and MEF2C, two transcriptional regulators involved in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis that have never been linked to SOCS2. Accordingly, a comparison of murine wt and Socs2(-/-) HSC gene expression in response to 5-FU revealed a significant overlap with the molecular programs that correlate with SOCS2 expression in leukemias, particularly with the oncogenic pathways and with the IKZF1/Ikaros and MEF2C-predicted targets. Lentiviral gene transduction of murine hematopoietic precursors with Mef2c, but not with Ikzf1, induces Socs2 upregulation, unveiling a direct control exerted by Mef2c over Socs2 expression.
Abortion: Between Freedom and Necessity
Authors: W. Savage
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Janet Hadley Virago, £16.99, pp 238 ISBN 1 8538 1858 5

It is almost 30 years since the 1967 Abortion Act made abortion legal if certified as necessary to the woman's health by two doctors acting in good faith. Not only have young people forgotten that it was a long struggle to get the law changed but most doctors practising medicine today have never seen the terrible results of back street or self induced abortions. I have never forgotten the woman I saw die of renal failure in 1958 when I was a medical student or those who …
Eosinophilic endomyocardial disease due to high grade chest wall sarcoma.
Authors: A Hussain, P J Brown, B C Thwaites, A G Hastings
Journal: Thorax (1994)

Eosinophilic endomyocardial disease is characterised by persisting blood eosinophilia and acute endocardial lesions which progress to endomyocardial fibrosis. In most cases the cause is unknown but it has been described in association with malignant tumours. A fatal case is presented of a 64 year old woman with this disease due to a high grade sarcoma of the chest wall, an association not previously reported.
Induction of Natural Killer Cell-dependent Antitumor Immunity by the Autographa californica Multiple Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus
Authors: Masayuki Kitajima, Takayuki Abe, Naoko Miyano-Kurosaki, Masaru Taniguchi, Toshinori Nakayama, Hiroshi Takaku
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Wild-type Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) infects a variety of mammalian cell types in vitro, but does not replicate in these cells. We investigated the effects of AcMNPV in the induction of the immune response and tumor metastasis in mice. After intravenous injection, AcMNPV was taken up by the liver and spleen, and preferentially infected dendritic cells (DCs) and B cells in the spleen; costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 were upregulated in the DCs. The hepatic mononuclear cells (MNCs) in these animals were highly cytotoxic to natural killer (NK)-sensitive YAC-1 and B16 melanoma cells, but not to NK-resistant EL4 cells. Intravenous injection of AcMNPV-induced NK cell proliferation in the liver and spleen, and enhanced antitumor immunity in mice with B16 liver metastases. Furthermore, such treatment increased the survival of C57BL/6, J alpha 281 (-/-), and interferon (IFN)-gamma (-/-) mice that were previously injected with B16 tumor cells. AcMNPV injection did not enhance the survival of NK cell-depleted mice. Moreover, one AcMNPV treatment effectively prolonged survival in a B16 liver metastasis model, and was equivalent to five treatments with recombinant interleukin-12 (IL-12) protein. These findings suggest that AcMNPV efficiently stimulates NK cell-mediated antitumor immunity.
1277 PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF HEPATIC FXR ON LIPID ACCUMULATION ARE INDEPENDENT OF THE INTESTINAL FXR-FGF15 SIGNAL
Authors: J. Schmitt, B. Kong, B. Stieger, O. Tschopp, S.M. Schultze, J.C. Mertens, P. Frei, A. Weber, B. Müllhaupt, G.L. Guo, A. Geier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
ADDRESS OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECTION ON STATE MEDICINE, ETC.
Authors: FOSTER PRATT
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Delivered before the American Medical Association, Cleveland, June,1883] Mr. President and Members of the AssociationYour by-laws require of the Chairman of each. Section a paper on the “advances and discoveries1 of the past year, in the branches of science included in his Section. The somewhat undefined boundaries of the Section of “State Medicine,” and the purely practical nature of that part of its scientific domain which is defined, make the task of the Chairman, as declared by the by-law, not a little embarrassing. “ Discoveries” which influence and advance State medicine are made and claimed by workers nominally identified with other departments. Physiology, pathology and chemistry, as a rule, make the “discoveries,” and the right to report them in all their details and bearings belongs to other Sections. Practical sanitation, the principal aim of “ State medicine,” makes no “ discoveries.” It is not permitted to indulge even
Reactions to other corticosteroids in patients with allergic contact dermatitis from hydrocortisone
Authors: S.M. WILKINSON, S. HOLLIS, M.H. BECK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

It has been proposed that corticosteroid cross-reactions occur more frequently within structurally well-defined groups. To test this hypothesis we have compared the patch-test reactions to other corticosteroids in 96 patients allergic to hydrocortisone. We found that our data did not agree with the previously proposed classification. The presence of a substitution at the C6 or C9 position was the most important factor in determining whether a patient would be allergic to another corticosteroid. This information should facilitate the choice of an alternative corticosteroid in patients allergic to hydrocortisone, if facilities for patch testing to other corticosteroids are not available.