tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Staging of Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting
Authors: Jacqueline S. Jeruss, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Susan L. Tucker, Ana M. Gonzalez-Angulo, Thomas A. Buchholz, Aysegul A. Sahin, Janice N. Cormier, Aman U. Buzdar, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Kelly K. Hunt
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become more prevalent in the treatment of breast cancer patients. The finding of a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (no evidence of residual invasive cancer in the breast and lymph nodes at the time of surgical resection) has been shown to correlate with improved survival. The current version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging for breast cancer has a pretreatment clinical stage designation that is determined by clinical and radiographic examination of the patient and a postoperative pathologic stage classification based on the findings in the breast and regional lymph nodes removed at surgery. Pathologic staging has not been validated for patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy; thus, prognosis is determined for these patients based on the pretreatment clinical stage. We hypothesized that clinical and pathologic staging variables could be combined with biological tumor markers to provide a novel means of determining prognosis for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Two scoring systems, based on summing binary indicators for clinical and pathologic substages, negative estrogen receptor status, and grade 3 tumor pathology, were devised to predict 5-year patient outcomes. These scoring systems facilitated separation of the study population into more refined subgroups by outcome than the current AJCC staging system for breast cancer, and provide a novel means for evaluating prognosis after neoadjuvant therapy. [Cancer Res 2008;68(16):6477–81]
The Safety Net and preregistration
Authors: M. P Shutkever
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Effect of two-week course of pivmecillinam or mecillinam in a group of 18 convalescent faecal excreters of non-typhoid salmonellas No of Daily No of patients Drug dosage courses becoming nonexcreters Pivmecillinam 400 mg x 3 6 0 Mecillinam 185 mg x 3 4 1 Mecillinam 370 mg x 3 6 2 Mecillinam
Pharmacokinetics of allergens ‐after local administration
Authors: P. Falagiani, G. Mistrello
Journal: Allergy (1997)

The authors review the status of knowledge on absorption and kinetic of allergens administered on nasal mucosa. Intranasal administration is well known in pharmacology, and has been used for a long time for peptide drugs, mainly hormones. The immunological response to intranasally administered antigens have been studied in some experimental models: bovine Rnase, dextran, KLH, tetanus toxoid. These studies showed in atopic people a greater absorption of antigens by nasal mucosa compared to normal individuals, a difference that might be of importance in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases. The absorption rate of peptides through nasal mucosa has been studied biologically by PK‐test with Rnase and peanut allergen, and a consistent passage of intact molecules has been observed. Using as tracer 125 I‐labelled human albumin, transport across the nasal mucosa has been demonstrated in 319 normal subjects, 1/9 patients with extrinsic asthma and 9/10 patients with atopic rhinitis. In experimental animals (rabbits) the assage of allergens through the nasal mucosa has been confirmed using 125 I‐labelled Parietaria allergens that showed a peak in the bloodstream 60 min after administration. It is concluded that peptide molecules such as allergens can be absorbed through the nasal mucosa and reach the bloodstream, and that in atopic patients nasal permeability is enhanced.
HLA B44-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognizing an epitope on hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein
Authors: Hiroto Kita, Takashi Moriyama, Takashi Kaneko, Ichiro Harase, Masayuki Nomura, Hideaki Miura, Ikuo Nakamura, Yoshio Yazaki, Michio Imawari
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been reported to be involved in the immune clearance of virus-infected cells and in the pathogenesis of viral infection. We studied the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to the putative nucleocapsid protein of hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein were generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes by means of repeated stimulation with a synthetic hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein peptide. The cytotoxic T lymphocytes were CD8 positive and recognized an epitope in hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein residues 81 to 100 in association with a human leukocyte antigen class I molecule, B44. The peptide-induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognized target cells synthesizing hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein endogenously, though less efficiently than peptide-pulsed target cells. The human leukocyte antigen B44-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte response was observed in three of five patients with chronic hepatitis C and a human leukocyte antigen B44 molecule but in neither of two hepatitis C virus-negative healthy individuals with human leukocyte antigen B44 molecules. The results demonstrate the presence of hepatitis C virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis C and provide a strategy to study the role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the viral clearance and the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection.
Mortality of third generation Irish people living in England and Wales: longitudinal study
Authors: S Harding
Journal: BMJ (2001)

and who informed them of the results.Although there were some examples of excellent counselling, there were other examples of grossly inadequate or frankly misleading information being given.We can only speculate about how this variation might affect parents as our study was not designed to determine associations between the quality of counselling and the outcome of the pregnancy or subsequent emotional wellbeing of the parents. 12-17Some units providing prenatal testing services are not adhering to the published guidelines concerning the provision of information (box). 18 would like to thank the cytogeneticists from all the laboratories in the North and South Thames Health Regions for notifying us of appropriate cases.We also thank all the doctors, midwives, and counsellors who agreed to be interviewed; the parents who answered our questionnaires; Elizabeth Winchester and Liz Redfern for their assistance; and Christine Garrett and Sue Holder for their helpful comments.We also thank Hazel Showell for transcribing the tapes.This study was conducted as part of the European Union concerted action from Biomed 2 programme.Contributors: LA formulated
Abstract B65: Immune cell priming and potentiation of anti-tumor effects by Imprime PGG®
Authors: Yumi Yokoyama, Mariana I. Nelson, Nadine C. Ottoson, Mark N. Kirstein, Richard Walsh, Kyle S. Michel, Michael E. Danielson, Mary A. Antonysamy
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Biothera is developing Imprime PGG® (Imprime PGG) for cancer that is synergistic with multiple anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies, demonstrating the potential to improve patient outcomes in a wide range of cancer indications. Although, the antitumor potential of Imprime PGG has now been well documented in several preclinical models, its immunomodulatory potential has not been fully elucidated. Here, we studied the in vivo effects of Imprime PGG, a pharmaceutical grade soluble yeast-derived β-1,3/1,6 glucan, on immune cell binding and function, using both tumor bearing and non-tumor bearing mice. Immunodeficient nude mice, with or without tumor (i.e. MiaPaCa-2 human pancreatic tumor), were administered a single dose of Imprime PGG (i.v.) and 3 days later, immune cells in peripheral blood, spleen, and/or tumor were isolated and evaluated for Imprime PGG binding and function. Using flow cytometric methods, Imprime PGG was found to bind B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in whole blood and in addition, bound to NK cells in spleen. Notably, in mice bearing tumor, Imprime PGG administration lead to a relatively high percentage of Imprime PGG-bound macrophages and neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, for the first time, we were able to demonstrate that Imprime PGG administered in vivo had the ability to “prime” immune cells and enhance their antitumor function. Administration of Imprime PGG increased the cytotoxic ability of immune cells, such as macrophages and NK cells, and lead to higher antibody mediated cytotoxicity and increased sensitivity to non-specific stimuli. Likewise, immune cells primed in vivo with Imprime PGG demonstrated increased cytokine responses (such as KC; a mouse isoform of human IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, and MIP-1α and preliminary cytokine data on tumor infiltrating effector cells support an antitumor profile. Collectively, these results indicate that Imprime PGG when administered in vivo “primes” immune effector cells for enhanced antitumor activity. These observations further validate the potential benefit of combining this unique immunomodulatory drug with antitumor monoclonal antibodies as a positive treatment strategy in cancer. Citation Format: Yumi Yokoyama, Mariana I. Nelson, Nadine C. Ottoson, Mark N. Kirstein, Richard Walsh, Kyle S. Michel, Michael E. Danielson, Mary A. Antonysamy. Immune cell priming and potentiation of anti-tumor effects by Imprime PGG®. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr B65.
Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with metabolic syndrome: A multicenter matched analysis with HCV-related HCC
Authors: Luca Viganò, Simone Conci, Matteo Cescon, Cristina Fava, Paola Capelli, Antonietta D’Errico, Guido Torzilli, Luca Di Tommaso, Felice Giuliante, Fabio Maria Vecchio, Mauro Salizzoni, Ezio David, Antonio Daniele Pinna, Alfredo Guglielmi, Lorenzo Capussotti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Low intensity is better than high intensity exercise training in chronic heart failure patients concerning pulmonary ventilation, brain natriuretic peptide, and quality of life evaluation: A prospective randomized study
Authors: Almir S. Ferraz, Edimar A. Bocchi, Guilherme V. Guimaraes, Romeu S. Meneghelo, Iracema I. Umeda, Jose Eduardo M. Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Streptomycin‐induced anaphylactic reaction during <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF)
Authors: D. Abeck, C. Kuwert, M. Segnini‐Torres, B. Przybilla, J. Ring
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Indications for in vitro fertilization (IVF) have been cautiously extended over the years. IVF is usually considered to be a technically complex method with only minimal side‐effects. We report the case of a woman who developed an anaphylactic reaction during IVF immediately after the embryo transfer.
Effect of tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, on haematological parameters during 12 weeks of psoriasis treatment
Authors: B. Strober, M. Buonanno, J.D. Clark, T. Kawabata, H. Tan, R. Wolk, H. Valdez, R.G. Langley, J. Harness, A. Menter, K. Papp
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, tofacitinib, has shown efficacy for the treatment of psoriasis in a phase IIb trial (A3921047; NCT00678210).To report haematology data from the phase IIb trial, given the importance of JAK-dependent signalling in haematopoiesis.Patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis were randomized to receive tofacitinib 2, 5 or 15 mg, or placebo, twice daily over 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected at screening, baseline, weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12 during treatment, and weeks 14 and 16 during off-treatment follow-up.Baseline haematology was similar across patients receiving tofacitinib 2 mg (n = 49), 5 mg (n = 49) or 15 mg (n = 49), or placebo (n = 50). Tofacitinib conferred dose-dependent decreases in haemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell counts, while reticulocyte counts initially declined, before recovering by week 8, and exceeding baseline levels after treatment cessation. With regard to white blood cells, tofacitinib had no clear dose-dependent effects on basophils or monocytes, but appeared to be associated with transient or reversible dose-dependent decreases in neutrophil and eosinophil counts and transient increases in lymphocyte counts, which were primarily attributable to increases in B-cell counts. Natural killer cell counts declined with tofacitinib.Tofacitinib conferred tolerable, dose-dependent changes in haematological parameters during short-term administration in patients with psoriasis. The effects did not appear to be progressive, and were often transient or reversible.
Microbiogical data, but not procalcitonin improve the accuracy of the clinical pulmonary infection score
Authors: Boris Jung, Nathalie Embriaco, François Roux, Jean-Marie Forel, Didier Demory, Jérôme Allardet-Servent, Samir Jaber, Bernard La Scola, Laurent Papazian
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2010)
Effects of interleukins, colony-stimulating factor and tumour necrosis factor on human hair follicle growth <i>in vitro:</i> a possible role for interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α in alopecia areata
Authors: M.P. PHILPOTT, D.A. SANDERS, J. BOWEN, T. KEALEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Effects of interleukins, colony‐stimulating factor and tumour necrosis factor on human hair follicle growth in vitro: a possible role for interleukin‐1 and tumour necrosis factor‐α in alopecia areata Get access M.P. PHILPOTT, M.P. PHILPOTT Department of Clinical Biochemistry. University of Cambridgr. Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Rd. Cambridge CB2 2QR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.A. SANDERS, D.A. SANDERS Department of Clinical Biochemistry. University of Cambridgr. Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Rd. Cambridge CB2 2QR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. BOWEN, J. BOWEN 30 Harley Street. London WIN IAB, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. KEALEY T. KEALEY Department of Clinical Biochemistry. University of Cambridgr. Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Rd. Cambridge CB2 2QR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 6, 1 December 1996, Pages 942–948, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1099.x Published: 01 December 1996 Article history Accepted: 09 May 1996 Published: 01 December 1996
The Nuremberg Code, German Law, and Prominent Physician-Thinkers
Authors: David J. Rothman
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —For all its strengths, the reappraisal of the Nuremburg Code by Dr Katz<sup>1</sup>slights the past when he insists that "occasional voices to the contrary, little thought had been given to patient's consent." He correctly notes the absence of formal codes, but prominent physicians gave ample and sustained thought to the ethics of human experimentation, including consent. Indeed, far more consensus existed on principles than Katz suggests. In 1907, for example, William Osler, in "The Evolution of the Idea of Experiment,"<sup>2</sup>required investigators to obtain the consent of the subject: "For man absolute safety and full consent are the conditions which make such tests allowable. We have no right to use patients entrusted to our care for the purpose of experimentation unless direct benefit to the individual is likely to follow. Once this limit is transgressed, the sacred cord which binds physician and patient snaps instantly." So too,
THE EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF SOLUTIONS OF DEXTROSE UPON THE VISCOSITY OF THE BLOOD
Authors: R. Burton-Opitz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1906)

The viscosity of the blood is expressed in this paper in terms of the coefficient K, obtained by calculation from the following known factors: the quantity of blood collected during a definite period, its specific gravity, the blood pressure, and the length and internal diameter of the capillary tube through which the blood is allowed to flow. When this coefficient has been compared with K for distilled water at 37 ° C., the value of which has been proved by Poiseuille to be 4700, it is possible to express the viscosity of the blood in terms of multiples of the viscosity of distilled water, heated to the temperature of 37 ° C. The method by means of which the aforesaid factors were obtained has been fully described by Hflrthle. 2
Metabolic Syndrome and Psychiatric Illness: Interactions, Pathophysiology, Assessment and Treatment
Authors: P. Murali Doraiswamy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic effects of intravenous hypertonic glucose in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Domenico Pugliese, Samuel S. Lee, Abraham Koshy, Raimondo Cerini, Yves Ozier, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

In animals, there may exist a hyperemic response in the portal circulation during intravenous administration of hypertonic glucose, but a hemodynamic response of this kind has never been described in man. This study was designed to evaluate if hyperglycemia itself could induce systemic or splanchnic hemodynamic changes in patients with cirrhosis. Sixteen patients with cirrhosis were studied before and during i.v. infusions of hypertonic (900 mOsmoles per liter) glucose (n = 8), mannitol (n = 4) or saline (n = 4) at 2 ml per min. In the group receiving glucose, there were significant increases in hepatic venous pressure gradient (+12%), azygos blood flow (+27%) and pulmonary capillary pressure (+32%), while calf blood flow decreased (-26%). No changes occurred in the mannitol or saline groups. Changes in plasma osmolality, plasma volume, splanchnic oxygen extraction and vasoactive hormones, including vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and glucagon, did not appear to be involved in the mechanism of these vasoactive phenomena. It is suggested that the possible deleterious effects of increase in portal pressure and azygos blood flow should be taken into consideration when administering hypertonic glucose to patients with portal hypertension.
Assessment of Psychological Distress in the Setting of Medical Disease
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Lara Mangelli, Chiara Ruini
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

The biopsychosocial model of disease has recently been depicted as the basis for a renewed emphasis on the multiaxial diagnostic system of the DSM-IV. The authors challenge this stance, underscoring the clinical inadequacies of the DSM-IV in the setting of medical disease, particularly the chapters concerned with somatoform disorders and psychological factors affecting medical conditions. Diagnostic criteria which are based on the clinical insights derived from psychosomatic research in the past decades may offer new opportunities to psychosomatic medicine and consultation-liaison psychiatry. The development of the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR), encompassing alexithymia, type A behavior, irritable mood, demoralization, disease phobia, thanatophobia, health anxiety, illness denial, functional somatic symptoms secondary to a psychiatric disorder, persistent somatization, conversion symptoms and anniversary reaction, is described. Preliminary results obtained with the combination of DSM and DCPR criteria appear to be promising.
Oglala (Sioux) Concepts of Homosexuality and the Determinants of Sexual Identification
Authors: Thomas H. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Historical accounts of Plains Indian social life give scattered references to the<i>berdache</i>(homosexuals or "men-women") who work and dress as women.<sup>14</sup>Contemporary Oglala Indians of the Pine Ridge Reservation, S Dak, do not recognize the word<i>berdache</i>, and Beuchel's Dictionary of the Teton Dakota Sioux Language<sup>5</sup>does not list it. Lakota orthography gives few words that begin with "b," and all are followed by either "1" or "u."<i>Winkte</i>, in Beuchel, is defined as "hermaphrodite," but reservation people use the word to designate homosexuality, and cases are seen from time to time at health care clinics. The notions embodied in the following quotations from Oglala informants represent some commonly agreed upon views of sexual identity. My first informant was Robert Holy Dance, age 83, a herbalist and curer: "<i>Winkte</i>is a freak, a morphodite. One that lived here died two years ago. Another one
Flexible Fiberoptic Colonoscopy
Authors: Gerald Marks
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The flexible fiberoptic instrument, developed for inspection of the lumen of the colon, has had sufficient clinical trial to warrant a description of its feasibility, capabilities, reliability, hazards, indications, contraindications, and expense-yield ratio in the diagnosis and management of colonic disorders. This method of examination of the colonic mucosa permits visualization of many abnormalities that escape radiographic and sigmoidoscopic detection. Should the first-line diagnostic efforts of barium enema examination and sigmoidoscopy be less than consistent with other clinical features, colonoscopy is indicated. Diagnosis and removal of polyps add to the enormous impact of flexible fiberoptic colonscopy on the management of colonic disorders. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1411-1413, 1974)
The <sup>G</sup>γ‐δβ‐thalassemia and <sup>G</sup>γ‐β°‐HPFH conditions in combination with β‐thalassemia and Hb S
Authors: C. Altay, W.A. Schroeder, T.H.J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1977)

Abstract A combination of 2 forms of thalassemia has been observed in a member of a South Carolina family. The proposita, a 34‐year‐old black female with hemolytic anemia, had over 50% fetal hemoglobin, an elevated level of hemoglobin A2, and in vitro imbalance in chain synthesis. Family studies revealed a δβ‐thalassemia heterozygosity in her mother and 2 sibs and a β‐thalassemia heterozygosity in her son. The fetal hemoglobin of the δβ heterozygotes was of the G γ type (i.e., the γ chain had glycine in position 136). Consequently, it may be concluded that the propositus has G γ‐δβ‐thalassemia‐β + thalassemia; this is the first time that such a combination has been recognized. In 3 members of another family this same type of G γ‐δβ‐thalassemia occurred in combination with Hb S, whereas G γ‐β°‐HPFH (hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin) and Hb S were present in 1 member of a third family. Clinical features and laboratory findings were specific for each condition and permitted a clear distinction between G γ‐δβ‐thalassemia and G γ‐β°‐HPFH. The discussion correlates these findings with data from 80 persons in 30 families whose Hb F was elevated and contained only G γ chains.