tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics
Authors: Barbara A. Carlson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Now in its third year,<i>Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics</i>was established to keep the practicing orthopedic surgeon apprised of new and effective procedures in a constantly changing field. According to an editorial statement, the goal is to focus on both rapidly evolving and widely performed operative procedures in this increasingly technical area of surgery. Published quarterly, the journal is structured thematically, with each issue devoted to a specific topic or procedure and guest-edited by a member of the editorial board. Manuscripts are solicited and reviewed within the purview of the board's 11 surgeons, the majority of whom are based in the Philadelphia area. Issues average 12 articles that range from five to 15 pages. Forthcoming topics are conveniently announced on the contents page. The large, 12-in × 9-in "atlas-style" format displays numerous, high-quality illustrations that embellish the text. In a 1992 catalog, the publisher states that<i>Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics</i>
Disorders of sodium balance: Hyponatraemia can occur during transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: William H Konarzewski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Reynolds et al do not specifically mention the acute hyponatraemia quite commonly seen during transurethral resection of the prostate.1 The syndrome may present dramatically, with pulmonary oedema, convulsions, and, occasionally, cardiac arrest when …
Synergistic effects of a combined salbutamol-nitroprusside regimen in acute myocardial infarction and severe left ventricular failure.
Authors: M B Fowler, A D Timmis, D A Chamberlain
Journal: BMJ (1980)

The haemodynamic effects of a simultaneous infusion of salbutamol and nitroprusside were measured in 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction and severe left ventricular failure. Six patients also had clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock. Ten patients received salbutamol first with the subsequent addition of nitroprusside; in the other 10 patients nitroprusside was infused first. Salbutamol was infused at a constant rate of 20 micrograms/min in all patients, while the dose of nitroprusside, which averaged 51.25 micrograms/min, was adjusted to reduce left ventricular filling pressure (measured as pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure) to approximately 15 mm Hg with reference to sternal angle. Cardiac index increased in all patients from a mean of 1.8 to 2.6 l/min/m2 while pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure fell significantly from 24 to 16 mm Hg. The adverse effects were small in most patients: heart rate did not increase significantly and systolic arterial pressure fell on average from 112 to 96 mm Hg. Ten of the 20 patients survived to leave hospital. Nitroprusside accounted for most of the fall in filling pressure irrespective of treatment sequence, whereas both drugs contributed to the augmented cardiac output. The haemodynamic benefits of this combined regimen were considerably greater than those achieved by either drug alone. Thus salbutamol and nitroprusside have synergistic effects which influence favourably the two principal manifestations of left ventricular dysfunction after extensive myocardial infarction.
Control and Eradication of Methicillin-Resistant<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>on a Surgical Unit
Authors: Christos Anastasios Bartzokas, James Henry Paton, Marjorie Florence Gibson, Robert Graham, Gerard Anthony McLoughlin, Roger Steven Croton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

AFTER the appearance of sporadic cases in 1961,1 the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United Kingdom,2 Scandinavia,3 and Europe4 increased gradually throughout the 1960s, reaching a peak at the end of the decade before waning in the Old World. Because conventional procedures for source isolation and disinfection failed to contain their spread in most hospitals, strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus are now endemic throughout the United States5 , 6 and eastern Australia.7 In the autumn of 1982 a methicillin-resistant S. aureus, phage type 29, introduced to our district general hospital from the community in the spring, caused a . . .
End-of-Life Care for Homeless Patients: “She Says She Is There to Help Me in Any Situation”
Authors: Amy J. Markowitz, Stephen J. McPhee
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IgE‐mediated hypersensitivity to latex in childhood
Authors: U. Theissen, J. L. Theissen, N. Mertes, R. Brehler
Journal: Allergy (1997)

A total of 267 children scheduled to receive anesthesia during a surgical, neurosurgical, or orthopedic intervention were investigated. IgE antibodies against latex were detected in serum samples of 6.4% (17/267 children) of the patients. The most important difference between sensitized and nonsensitized children was the number of surgical interventions in the past. The median of surgical interventions was 1.0 in the nonsensitized group of children and 3.0 in the sensitized group. Only 0.9% of the children with up to two surgical interventions and 34.1% with three or more procedures were sensitized to latex. Only one of the sensitized children developed intraoperative anaphylaxis during intervention after our investigation. We conclude that children with a history of three or more surgical interventions have a high risk of sensitization to latex proteins. Nevertheless, the predictive value of IgE antibodies against latex for development of anaphylaxis during anesthesia seems to be low.
A cervical collar or physiotherapy was better than a wait-and-see policy for early pain relief in cervical radiculopathy
Authors: Professor Martin Underwood
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Kuijper B, Tans JT, Beelen A, Nollet F, de Visser M. Cervical collar or physiotherapy versus wait and see policy for recent onset cervical radiculopathy: randomised trial. BMJ. 2009;339:b3883. 19812130
Improved symptom relief and duodenal ulcer healing with lansoprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor, compared with ranitidine.
Authors: C J Hawkey, R G Long, K D Bardhan, K G Wormsley, K M Cochran, J Christian, I K Moules
Journal: Gut (1993)

High levels of the antioxidant enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), have been associated with improved outcomes following acute coronary syndromes (ACS), suggesting a protective role. How GPx levels are altered with coronary disease is not clearly established. This study examined GPx activity, protein, and mRNA levels in healthy controls, patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), and patients with ACS. We studied 20 individuals from each of the healthy control, stable CAD, and ACS groups. GPx activity and protein levels, along with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) were assayed in plasma. GPx mRNA levels from whole blood were quantified using real-time PCR. Levels of GPx activity in the plasma were higher in ACS (109±7.7 U/mL) compared with patients with stable CAD (95.2±16.4 U/mL, p&lt;0.01) and healthy controls (87.6±8.3 U/mL, p&lt;0.001). Plasma GPx protein levels were also elevated in ACS (21.6±9.5 µg/mL) compared with patients with stable CAD (16.5±2.8 µg/mL, p&lt;0.05) and healthy controls (16.3±5.3 µg/mL, p&lt;0.05). Levels of <i>GPX1</i>, <i>GPX3</i>, and <i>GPX4</i> mRNA were significantly higher in the patients with ACS. Levels of oxLDL were also significantly higher in patients with ACS (61.9±22.2 U/L) than in patients with stable CAD (47.8±10.4 U/L, p&lt;0.05) and healthy controls (48.9±11.9 U/L, p&lt;0.05). Levels of oxLDL, GPx activity, protein, and mRNA are all significantly higher in patients with ACS compared with patients with stable CAD and healthy controls. These findings suggest that GPx may be upregulated in response to a change in oxidative stress during an ACS.
Outcome of breech delivery at term: Authors' reply
Authors: G. Thorpe-Beeston, P. Banfield, N. Saunders
Journal: BMJ (1992)

assessment of the mode of delivery.Another group at potentially higher risk are primigravid patients, a subgroup not considered in the report but presumably identifiable from the database.The critical question therefore remains: is a carefully planned and managed trial of vaginal delivery any less safe for the fetus than an elective caesarean section?The uncertainty is in itself an argument in favour of elective caesarean section for all breech presentations at term since this reduces the opportunity for errors of judgment.
Vitamin D3 targets epidermal and dermal dendritic cells for induction of distinct regulatory T cells
Authors: Angelic M.G. van der Aar, Darya S. Sibiryak, Ghaith Bakdash, Toni M.M. van Capel, Hanneke P.M. van der Kleij, Dirk-Jan E. Opstelten, Marcel B.M. Teunissen, Martien L. Kapsenberg, Esther C. de Jong
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
EXPERIMENTAL RUNT DISEASE IN MICE CAUSED BY SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM, VAR. COPENHAGEN
Authors: Marcus S. Brooke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

The strain of Salmonella typhimurium isolated from the subcutaneous abscess of a runted mouse and used in this study was somewhat unusual, but not unique, in that it had a high virulence for young mice, yet low infectivity. This strain could mimic many of the features, signs, and symptoms of immunological runting when injected into neonates, either in pure culture, or when mixed with spleen cells, or when present in infected isologous or F(1) hybrid spleen cells. Thus, the incidence of Salmonella runting was dose-dependent and related to the age of the neonate. Runts failed to gain weight, were sickly, and usually died within 30 days. They had a marked splenomegaly and hepatomegaly associated with areas of necrosis. However, in marked contrast to immunological runts they did not have lymphoid atrophy. The incidence of runting was diminished when frozen-thawed spleen cell suspensions were used, but not with sonicated or heated suspensions or spleen cells from lethally irradiated mice. Runting could be prevented by immunizing breeders with S. typhimurium, and serum from mice immunized against S. typhimurium protected neonates injected with this organism. Isologous adult spleen cells did not protect against Salmonella runting. It is suggested that in studies on runting only the intravenous route be used and that heated cells serve as a control. More rigid criteria should be applied to runting than those frequently accepted and mice should be autopsied whenever possible.
Chemical Composition of Chinese Star Anise (Illicium verum) and Neurotoxicity in Infants
Authors: Diego Ize-Ludlow, Sean Ragone, Jeffrey N. Bernstein, Isaac S. Bruck, Michael Duchowny, Barbara M. Garcia Peña
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sex Steroid Hormones, Hormonal Contraception, and the Immunobiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection
Authors: Zdenek Hel, Elizabeth Stringer, Jiri Mestecky
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2009)

Worldwide, an increasing number of women use oral or injectable hormonal contraceptives. However, inadequate information is available to aid women and health care professionals in weighing the potential risks of hormonal contraceptive use in individuals living with HIV-1 or at high risk of infection. Numerous epidemiological studies and challenge studies in a rhesus macaque model suggest that progesterone-based contraceptives increase the risk of HIV-1 infection in humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in macaques, accelerate disease progression, and increase viral shedding in the genital tract. However, because several other studies in humans have not observed any effect of exogenously administered progesterone on HIV-1 acquisition and disease progression, the issue continues to be a topic of intense research and ongoing discussion. In contrast to progesterone, systemic or intravaginal treatment with estrogen efficiently protects female rhesus macaques against the transmission of SIV, likely by enhancing the natural protective properties of the lower genital tract mucosal tissue. Although the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the effect of sex steroid hormones on HIV-1 and SIV acquisition and disease progression are not well understood, progesterone and estrogen are known to regulate a number of immune mechanisms that may exert an effect on retroviral infection. This review summarizes current knowledge of the effects of various types of sex steroid hormones on immune processes involved in the biology of HIV-1 infection.
High-dimensional analysis of the murine myeloid cell system
Authors: Burkhard Becher, Andreas Schlitzer, Jinmiao Chen, Florian Mair, Hermi R Sumatoh, Karen Wei Weng Teng, Donovan Low, Christiane Ruedl, Paola Riccardi-Castagnoli, Michael Poidinger, Melanie Greter, Florent Ginhoux, Evan W Newell
Journal: Nature Immunology (2014)
Case of Perforating Gastric Ulcer: Peritonitis: Recovery
Authors: W. W. Hall
Journal: BMJ (1892)

gnosis of perforation.Here we have pain, sickness and faintness, with slowly extending tenderness and distension, but all these conditions are much less marked in the early stage than they are in the first group, though they may at the end of two or three days develop rapidly, and end the patient's life in a few hours.Here there is a smaller leakage whicll becomes more or less encysted by adhesions, and which may eventually form a well-defined abscess, perforating into the intestine, or on to the surface of the abdomen, or into the thorax2; or some accidental exertion, such as that of -i7omiting, may rupture the collection into the general peri- toneal cavity, and set uip a rapidly fatal diffuse peritonitis.In this second group, ill-marked as the symptoms are as compared with those in group one, yet with a history of symp- toms of aastric ulcer they would generally call for an explor- atory incision.
Chromium content of lungs of chromate workers with lung cancer.
Authors: Y Tsuneta, Y Ohsaki, K Kimura, H Mikami, S Abe, M Murao
Journal: Thorax (1980)

The chromium content was measured in the lungs of chromate workers, obtained at necropsy in six patients and at surgery in two. The mean chromium content of peripheral lung tissue was 36.7 micrograms per gm wet weight (range 0.50 to 130.2 micrograms) and that of the large airways was 0.51 micrograms per gm wet weight (range 0.22 to 0.99 micrograms). These means values were high compared with those from control lungs of a non-chromate exposed lung cancer patients--respectively 0.21 micrograms per gm in lung tissue and 0.11 micrograms per gm in the large bronchi. The longer the exposure period, the higher was the chromium content in the lungs. The concentration of chromium in the upper lobes was significantly higher than that in the lower lobes, suggesting regional differences either in clearance from or deposition in the lung. Moreover, it was apparent that the metal remained in the lungs long after exposure to chromate had ceased
Use of alpha-tocopherylquinone in ulcerative colitis.
Authors: E Guthy
Journal: Gut (1986)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Low back pain (LBP) is the health condition that carries the greatest disability burden worldwide; however, there is only modest support for interventions to prevent LBP. The aim of this trial is to establish the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of group-based exercise and educational classes compared with a minimal intervention control in preventing recurrence of LBP in people who have recently recovered from an episode of LBP. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> TOPS will be a pragmatic comparative effectiveness randomised clinical trial with a parallel economic evaluation combining three separate cohorts (TOPS Workers, TOPS Primary Care, TOPS Defence) with the same methodology. 1482 participants who have recently recovered from LBP will be randomised to either a comprehensive exercise and education programme or a minimal intervention control. Participants will be followed up for a minimum of 1 year. The primary outcome will be days till recurrence of LBP. Effectiveness will be assessed using survival analysis. Cost-effectiveness will be assessed from the societal perspective. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This trial has been approved by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) (ref: 2015/728) and prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ref: 12615000939594). We will also obtain ethics approval from the Australian Defence Force HREC. The results of this study will be submitted for publication in a prominent journal and widely publicised in the general media. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) 12615000939594.
Expression of dihydropyridine receptor (Ca2+ channel) and calsequestrin genes in the myocardium of patients with end-stage heart failure.
Authors: T Takahashi, P D Allen, R V Lacro, A R Marks, A R Dennis, F J Schoen, W Grossman, J D Marsh, S Izumo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Cytoplasmic free calcium ions (Ca2+) play a central role in excitation-contraction coupling of cardiac muscle. Abnormal Ca2+ handling has been implicated in systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with end-stage heart failure. The current study tests the hypothesis that expression of genes encoding proteins regulating myocardial Ca2+ homeostasis is altered in human heart failure. We analyzed RNA isolated from the left ventricular (LV) myocardium of 30 cardiac transplant recipients with end-stage heart failure (HF) and five organ donors (normal control), using cDNA probes specific for the cardiac dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor (the alpha 1 subunit of the DHP-sensitive Ca2+ channel) and cardiac calsequestrin of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In addition, abundance of DHP binding sites was assessed by ligand binding techniques (n = 6 each for the patients and normal controls). There was no difference in the level of cardiac calsequestrin mRNA between the HF patients and normal controls. In contrast, the level of mRNA encoding the DHP receptor was decreased by 47% (P less than 0.001) in the LV myocardium from the patients with HF compared to the normal controls. The number of DHP binding sites was decreased by 35-48%. As reported previously, expression of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase mRNA was also diminished by 50% (P less than 0.001) in the HF group. These data suggest that expression of the genes encoding the cardiac DHP receptor and SR Ca(2+)-ATPase is reduced in the LV myocardium from patients with HF. Altered expression of these genes may be related to abnormal Ca2+ handling in the failing myocardium, contributing to LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with end-stage heart failure.
What are we teaching about indigent patients?
Authors: F. E. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —I am disappointed that you saw fit to publish the article entitled What Are We Teaching About Indigent Patients? 1   Miles treats this case as if it were clearly a matter of financial greed with the surgeon refusing to treat a patient because he would not be paid. It is apparent to me that this was not the case. Miles presumes the worst motives for this surgeon, but does not tell us whether this surgeon refuses to treat all Medicaid patients or whether he ever treats some patients who have no insurance coverage at all. We are not told what sort of encounter there was between the patient and the surgeon. The patient was obviously not someone whom any of us would want to assume responsibility for. The sort of self-destructive behavior that she exhibited indicated a high probability that she would not be compliant with her
Pediatrics for the Anesthesiologist
Authors: Craig Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1994)

This single volume is comprised of 11 chapters by different contributors, each covering diseases of a specific body system. In their preface, Berry, from the Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, and Steward, from the University of Southern California School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, state that until now there had been no pediatric anesthesia textbook that concisely covered the underlying medical diseases of the pediatric patient. Their intent is to assist the anesthesiologist who must evaluate a child with coexisting medical disease, be it a respiratory, cardiac, neurologic, or other condition. Each of the chapters is well written and replete with up-to-date information, although the literary style varies considerably. Several chapters seem more like in-depth reviews of the diseases discussed, with little direct clinical or practical discussion specifically tailored to the anesthesiologist. For example, the extensive section on congenital