tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychological adjustment in adolescents conceived by assisted reproduction techniques: a systematic review
Authors: Elena Cristiana Ilioi, Susan Golombok
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2014)

Adolescence is a transitional time for identity formation and relationships with parents. While people born through assisted reproduction techniques (ART) appear to be well adjusted in childhood, it is unclear whether these findings carry into adolescence, and whether diverse ART have different psychological outcomes. This review summarizes what is known about the psychological adjustment and family relationships of the growing number of children born through ART who are reaching adolescence. The Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO and Scopus databases were searched systematically for peer reviewed papers focusing on adolescent psychological adjustment and parent–adolescent relationships in families created by ART. Key search inclusion criteria included all papers published in English relating to adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years. Seventeen publications with varied methodologies were identified by this review. Only papers relating to in vitro fertilization (IVF), egg donation and donor insemination were identified. Results were categorized according to ART that used the parents' own gametes (IVF) and those that involved reproductive donation (egg donation, and donor insemination). Compared with naturally conceived adolescents and standardized normative samples, adolescents born through all ARTs seemed to be equally well adjusted, and to have positive parent–adolescent relationships. Some differences were however identified based on the type of ART used. In particular, the sex of the parent and child, along with age and process of disclosure of the adolescent's conception were identified as key mediators of parent–adolescent relationships in families created by donor insemination. The studies in this review indicate that children born through ART have positive parent–adolescent relationships and are well adjusted, with some slight differences based on different ART. The generalizability of findings may be limited by the general low level of disclosure to adolescents in some of the publications, the small sample sizes of studies in the field, along with the large age range that encompasses adolescence. Findings should also be interpreted in light of the fact that many publications focus on singleton births. Future studies should also focus on egg donation, surrogacy and embryo donation, as well as the disclosure processes, and adolescents born into non-traditional families (same-sex or single parents) or those born using different types of donor (anonymous, identity-release or known).
B Cell Receptor-Mediated Antigen Gathering Requires Ubiquitin Ligase Cbl and Adaptors Grb2 and Dok-3 to Recruit Dynein to the Signaling Microcluster
Authors: Tim Schnyder, Angelo Castello, Christoph Feest, Naomi E. Harwood, Thomas Oellerich, Henning Urlaub, Michael Engelke, Jürgen Wienands, Andreas Bruckbauer, Facundo D. Batista
Journal: Immunity (2011)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Modulates Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Asthma
Authors: Kyung Sun Lee, Kyung Hoon Min, So Ri Kim, Seoung Ju Park, Hee Sun Park, Gong Yong Jin, Yong Chul Lee
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are mediators of airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma.This study investigates a potential relationship between VEGF and MMP-9, and the mechanisms by which VEGF signaling regulates MMP-9 expression in asthma.We evaluated whether levels of VEGF correlated with levels of MMP-9 in the sputum of asthma patients, and the effect of VEGF receptor inhibitors on MMP-9 expression in murine model of asthma.We have found that levels of VEGF and MMP-9 are significantly higher in the sputum of patients with asthma than in healthy control subjects, and a significant correlation is found between the levels of VEGF and MMP-9. This study with the ovalbumin-induced model of asthma revealed the following typical pathophysiologic features of asthma in the lungs: increased numbers of inflammatory cells of the airways, airway hyperresponsiveness, increased vascular permeability, and increased levels of MMP-9 and VEGF. Administration of VEGF receptor inhibitors reduced the pathophysiologic signs of asthma and decreased the increased expression of MMP-9 after ovalbumin inhalation.These results indicate that there is a close relationship between VEGF and MMP-9 expression and that inhibition of VEGF receptor down-regulates the expression of MMP-9. These findings suggest that VEGF signaling regulates MMP-9 expression and plays a critical role in initiation and maintenance of asthma.
Relative contribution of leukotriene B4 to the neutrophil chemotactic activity produced by the resident human alveolar macrophage.
Authors: T R Martin, G Raugi, T L Merritt, W R Henderson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Human alveolar macrophages release chemotactic activity for neutrophils, providing a role for alveolar macrophages in regulating inflammation in the lung. As alveolar macrophages produce large amounts of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a chemotactically active lipoxygenase product of arachidonic acid, we investigated the contribution of LTB4 to the total neutrophil chemotactic activity produced by these cells. Normal human alveolar macrophages were recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy volunteers and incubated either with the calcium ionophore A23187 for 1 h, or with opsonized zymosan particles or latex beads for 3 h. Nordihydroguaretic acid (NDGA), a relatively specific lipoxygenase inhibitor, blocked the release of neutrophil chemotactic activity after all three stimuli in a dose-dependent manner. This correlated with blockade of LTB4 production as measured by high performance liquid chromatography using freshly isolated alveolar macrophages, as well as blockade of [3H]LTB4 production by macrophages prelabeled with [3H]arachidonate. Molecular sieve chromatography using Sephadex G-50 confirmed that essentially all of the chemotactic activity in the stimulated macrophage supernatants co-eluted with authentic [3H]LTB4, and that NDGA completely blocked the chemotactic activity in the eluting fractions. Readdition of authentic LTB4 (1 X 10(-7) M) to the NDGA-blocked macrophage supernatants restored the chemotactic activity in the supernatants. The macrophage supernatants did not contain platelet-activating factor-like activity, as measured by the stimulation of [3H]serotonin release from rabbit platelets, and by high performance liquid chromatography. NDGA did not change the protein-secretion profiles of fresh alveolar macrophages, or of macrophages prelabeled with [35S]methionine. The complement (C) components C5adesarg were not detected in any of the supernatants by radioimmunoassay. Concentration of the supernatants by positive pressure filtration (5,000-D membrane) did not augment chemotactic activity in the stimulated supernatants or uncover chemotactic activity in the NDGA-blocked supernatants. As with the 3-h studies, when alveolar macrophages were incubated overnight with opsonized zymosan, all of the increase in chemotactic activity could also be blocked by NDGA. These data indicate that LTB4 is the predominant neutrophil chemotactic factor secreted by the normal resident human alveolar macrophage in response to two major types of stimuli, calcium fluxes across the cell membrane and the phagocytosis of opsonized particulates.
Comparative Analysis of Outcomes and Costs Following Open Radical Cystectomy Versus Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy: Results From the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Authors: Hua-yin Yu, Nathanael D. Hevelone, Stuart R. Lipsitz, Keith J. Kowalczyk, Paul L. Nguyen, Toni K. Choueiri, Adam S. Kibel, Jim C. Hu
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Repeated assessment of coronary flow velocity pattern in patients with first acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Wolfgang Lepper, Gertjan T.j Sieswerda, Andreas Franke, Nicole Heussen, Otto Kamp, Carel C de Cock, Ernst R Schwarz, Paolo Voci, Cees A Visser, Peter Hanrath, Rainer Hoffmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Where "revalidation" came from
Authors: A. E. A. Joseph
Journal: BMJ (2013)

People using word processing software will have noticed that “revalidation” is not included in their dictionary. Reviewing the etymology, I discovered that revalidation was included in the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ) only in its 2004 update. However, long before that the General Medical Council had used it in the context of assessing a doctor’s fitness to practise. So who …
NERVOUS SHOCK AND DISEASE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AS A CAUSE OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA.
Authors: JAMES B. HERRICK
Journal: JAMA (1896)

It is the object of this paper to direct attention to nervous shock or disease of the nervous system as a possible, or probable, exciting cause of grave or pernicious anemia. My attention was called to the relations between these conditions by the following case: The patient, Mrs. M., white, 63 years of age, claimed to have been in good health up to November, 1893. She had rosy cheeks, was plump, weighed 137 pounds, led an active, busy life as a quasi-practitioner of medicine. She scarcely knew what it was to be confined to bed save when her children were born, five of whom she had brought into the world alive and healthy. She had never miscarried and there was no other evidence leading to the suspicion of syphilis. Her father had lived to the age of 87, to die an accidental death. Her mother succumbed to pleurisy at 63.
Do smoking parents seek the best advice for their asthmatic children?
Authors: J. A R FRIEND
Journal: Thorax (2001)

In this issue of Thorax a further paper from Dundee is published which explores a group of 438 children aged 2–12 years with asthma. In their first paper1 the authors investigated passive smoke exposure, as measured by salivary cotinine levels, and found that exposure to tobacco smoke was highest where housing conditions were crowded and where several heavy smokers smoked in the same room as the child. In a second paper2the authors reported that the intervention of asking the parents to reduce the exposure of their asthmatic children to tobacco smoke was ineffective.

The latest paper by Crombie et al 3 on page 9 investigates how often the 438 asthmatic children were taken to their family practitioners (GPs), either for asthma or …
The truth about doctors' handwriting: a prospective study
Authors: D. M Berwick, D. E Winickoff
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To determine whether doctors have worse handwriting than other health professionals.Comparison of handwriting samples collected prospectively in a standardised 10 seconds' task.Courses on quality improvement.209 health care professionals attending the courses, including 82 doctors.Legibility rated on a four-point scale by four raters.The handwriting of doctors was no less legible than that of non-doctors. Significantly lower legibility than average was associated with being an executive and being male. Overall legibility scores were normally distributed, with median legibility equivalent to a rating between "fair" and "good."This study fails to support the conventional wisdom that doctors' handwriting is worse than others.' Illegible writing is, however, an important cause of waste and hazard in medical care, but efforts to improve the safety and efficiency of written communication must approach the problem systemically- and assume that the problems are in inherent in average human writing-rather than treating doctors as if they were a special subpopulation.
TOLERANCE TO BACTERIAL PYROGENS
Authors: Paul B. Beeson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

IN EXPERIMENTS DESIGNED TO ELUCIDATE THE MECHANISM BY WHICH TOLERANCE TO BACTERIAL PYROGENS IS DEVELOPED, THE FOLLOWING OBSERVATIONS WERE MADE: 1. Animals whose febrile reactions to bacterial pyrogens were markedly diminished, as a result of repeated injections, showed increases in response following R-E blockade. 2. Pyrogenic substances disappeared from the circulating blood more rapidly in rabbits rendered pyrogen-tolerant than in normal animals. Lack of specificity was shown by the fact that rabbits previously injected with Eberthella typhosa bacterial vaccine were able to remove the pyrogens of Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from their blood more rapidly than normal animals. 3. R-E blockade-retarded the speed of disappearance of pyrogens from the circulating blood of animals which had been rendered relatively tolerant by previous injections of these substances. A possible mechanism for the development of unresponsiveness to bacterial pyrogens is suggested.
Hyperacute Rejection in Human-Kidney Allografts — Shwartzman or Arthus Reaction?
Authors: J. A. Myburgh, I. Cohen, L. Gecelter, A. M. Meyers, C. Abrahams, K. I. Furman, B. Goldberg, P. J. P. van Blerk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

The course of three patients indicated that both types of reaction, Shwartzman and Arthus-like, can occur in hyperacute rejection of human-kidney allografts and that the late histologic appearances may be indistinguishable. In the first patient hyperacute failure of the kidney occurred in four hours, in association with the development of a bleeding diathesis. Sequential histologic appearances were those of progressive fibrin deposition resembling a generalized Shwartzman reaction. In the second patient, two consecutive kidneys from the same donor were rejected within minutes of revascularization despite prophylactic heparinization. There was neutrophil infiltration without fibrin deposition. At four days there was cortical necrosis, fibrin thrombi in glomerular capillaries and minimal cellular infiltration. A third patient, without prophylactic heparin, showed both neutrophil infiltration and fibrin deposition at one hour and cortical necrosis at five days.
(48) Urticaria pigmentosa
Authors: H.A. Jenkinson, A.M.T. Kelly
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article (48) Urticaria pigmentosa Get access H.A. Jenkinson, H.A. Jenkinson Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M.T. Kelly A.M.T. Kelly Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue s26, 1 July 1984, Pages 98–99, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb05318.x Published: 01 July 1984
Skeletal effects of oral oestrogen compared with subcutaneous oestrogen and testosterone in postmenopausal women.
Authors: M. Savvas, J. W. Studd, I. Fogelman, M. Dooley, J. Montgomery, B. Murby
Journal: BMJ (1988)

STUDY OBJECTIVE--To compare oral and implanted oestrogens for their effects in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis. DESIGN--Non-randomised cohort study of postmenopausal women treated with oral or depot oestrogens and postmenopausal controls. SETTING--Gynaecological endocrine clinic in tertiary referral centre. PATIENTS--Oral treatment group of 37 postmenopausal women (mean age 57.5 years, median 8.75 years from last menstrual period), compared with 41 women given oestrogen implants (mean age 56.2 years, median 9.5 years from last menstrual period) and 36 controls (mean age 51.8 years, median 2.0 years from last menstrual period). Weight was not significantly different among the groups. INTERVENTIONS--Oral treatment group was given continuous treatment with cyclic oestrogen and progesterone preparations (Prempak C or Cycloprogynova) for a median of 8.0 years. Implant group was given subcutaneous implants of oestradiol 50 mg combined with testosterone 100 mg, on average six monthly for a median of 8.5 years. Controls were not treated. END POINT--Significant increase in bone density. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--Bone density measured by dual beam photon absorptiometry was 1.02 (SD 0.13) g hydroxyapatite/cm2 in implant group versus 0.89 (0.11) in oral group (p less than 0.01) and 0.87 (0.14) in controls (p less than 0.01). Serum oestradiol concentration in implant group was (median) 725 pmol/l versus 170 pmol/l in oral group (p less than 0.01) and 99 pmol/l in controls (p less than 0.01). Serum follicular stimulating hormone was median 1 IU/l (range 1-11) in implant group (equivalent to premenopausal values) versus 43 (4-94) IU/l in oral group (p less than 0.01) and 72 (28-99) IU/l in controls (p less than 0.01). CONCLUSIONS--Subcutaneous oestrogen is more effective than oral oestrogen in preventing osteoporosis, probably owing to the more physiological (premenopausal) serum oestradiol concentrations achieved. It also avoids problems of compliance that occur with oral treatment.
Consider short courses of antibiotics
Authors: C M Harris, D C Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1994)

fore repeated at a serum dilution of 1:20 after absorbing with double the quantity of anti-G antibodies, and unequivocal positive results for parvovirus B19 IgM were then obtained.It would be unfortunate if high concentrations of parvovirus Bi 9 IgG were to mask the laboratory confirmation of acute infection with less sensitive techniques when the diagnosis was suspected clinically.With regard to the management of an outbreak of parvovirus B19 infection, we have prepared a fact sheet for professionals and an explanatory leaflet for parents which we are happy to make available.
Biological markers in reproductive epidemiology: prospects and precautions.
Authors: Z Stein, M Hatch
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

We begin by defining "biological markers" for the purposes of the present review, distinguishing markers from other types of information, such as subject reports or conventional clinical data. We find the distinctions to be hazy. Next, from the standpoint of epidemiologists, we set out circumstances in which exposure markers might be needed, suggesting requirements for useful markers. We give two instances (lead, PCB), drawn from studies of female reproduction, where the use of exposure markers is compared to environmental or anamnestic data. Effect markers are considered in turn. It is argued that their usefulness (if they are to be more informative than exposure markers) depends on their sensitivity and specificity in relation to the disease outcome. Also, their timeliness, and the use that can be made of the gain in time, for individuals and populations is discussed. In this context, we consider markers of events before and around fertilization; more specifically, we consider those events that precede the clinical marker of the first missed period. In returning to the potential uses of biological markers in discovering or interpreting female reproductive disorders that might be owed to environmental causes, we compare markers of the pre- and peri-implantation phases with markers of the postimplantation phase, drawing on experience with studies of chromosome anomaly in spontaneous abortion. Finally, we suggest other sensitive reproductive processes for which biological markers might usefully be developed.
Thrombocytopenic purpura following iopanoic acid ingestion
Authors: J. K. Hysell
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A 48-year-old woman had severe symptomatic thrombocytopenia three times in 13 months. Each episode followed ingestion of iopanoic acid. The interval between drug ingestion and onset of symptoms was 40, 12, and 8 hours. Resolution to normal platelet counts occurred in 6, 5, and 8 days. The third thrombocytopenic crisis occurred while the patient was receiving maintenance steroid therapy, given because the initial diagnosis was idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Incubation of platelet-rich plasma with the patient's serum caused platelet lysis if either the patient or the donor serum obtained after ingestion of iopanoic acid was present in the mixture.
Abstract 573: Deguelin inhibits the expression of estrogen receptor alpha in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Fatouma Alimirah, Rajeshwari R. Mehta, Xinjian Peng, Rajendra G. Mehta
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a nuclear receptor and transcription factor governs the action of estrogen. This hormone is the major contributor to normal breast development and breast carcinogenesis. Thus, antiestrogens are widely utilized to treat and circumvent the progression of hormone receptor positive breast cancer. However, resistance to these agents develops after sustained use and major risk factors such as enhanced susceptibility to endometrial cancer have been associated with this type of treatment. In an effort to develop natural therapeutic compounds against ERα positive breast cancer, the effect of deguelin, a rotenoid isolated from an African plant; Mundulea sericea on ERα positive human breast cancer cells was investigated. Here we report that deguelin treatment downregulated the expression of ERα protein in a dose dependent manner in MCF-7 and T47D human breast cancer cell lines as determined by immunoblotting. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of ERα target genes Cathepsin D (CTSD), Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) and the Progesterone receptor (PGR) was also downregulated by 50% in the presence of deguelin in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, deguelin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of these two cell lines. Importantly, estrogen mediated stimulation of cell growth was reduced by 30% in MCF-7 cells after deguelin treatment. Together these findings suggest that deguelin suppresses ERα signaling, paving the way for the development of a novel natural therapeutic agent against endocrine receptor positive breast cancer. Future studies are aimed at deciphering the molecular mechanisms by which deguelin adversely affects ERα function. (This work was supported by NCI CA140321). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 573. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-573
Erythromycin-Resistant Group A Streptococci in Schoolchildren in Pittsburgh
Authors: Judith M. Martin, Michael Green, Karen A. Barbadora, Ellen R. Wald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

As part of a longitudinal study, we obtained surveillance throat cultures twice monthly and with each new respiratory tract illness from children in kindergarten through grade 8 at one school in Pittsburgh. Screening for resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was initially accomplished with use of the Kirby–Bauer disk-diffusion test. The minimal inhibitory concentration of resistant isolates was determined by the E test. A double disk-diffusion test was used to characterize the resistance phenotype, and the polymerase-chain-reaction assay was used to identify the resistance gene. The molecular relatedness of strains was determined by field-inversion gel electrophoresis.
Fostering Cognitive-Emotional Processing in the Treatment of Depression: A Preliminary Investigation in Exposure-Based Cognitive Therapy
Authors: Martin Grosse Holtforth, Adele M. Hayes, Marielle Sutter, Katharina Wilm, Emma Schmied, Jean-Philippe Laurenceau, Franz Caspar
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

Letter to the Editor they met criteria for a primary diagnosis of major depressive episode, were 18-65 years of age, did not meet criteria for the following disorders: psychotic, bipolar, post-traumatic stress, obsessivecompulsive, borderline personality, or substance dependence, and did not report acute suicidality.Previously stable antidepressant medication was permitted.Twenty-four patients were included, and 21 patients completed the study.Reasons for dropout were unrelated to the treatment.Demographic data were as follows: 23 were Caucasian, 14 were females, mean age was 33 (20-52 years, SD = 9.7), 16 were singles, and 13 had at least a 12th grade education.This was the first episode of