tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions in mice sensitized with intragastrically administered hapten: activation of Langerhans cells in the sensitization and elicitation phases
Authors: N. Fujita, H. Kobayashi, D. Tsuruta, I. Sakaguchi, K. Yamanaka, H. Kutsuna, H. Teramae, N. Mizuno, N. Ikeda, Y. Kato, M. Minamino, K. Kaneda, M. Ishii
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

As seen in atopic dermatitis, allergic diseases often produce lesions both in the gastrointestinal tract and the skin, suggesting the involvement of an immunological relationship between the two organs in the pathogenesis.To study the role of gastric and epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) in the sensitization and elicitation phases, respectively, of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to intragastrically administered hapten.BALB/c mice, which were subjected to intragastric administration of trinitrochlorobenzene 5 days previously, received an elicitative challenge of the same hapten to the ear skin. Sections of the ear were immunostained for CD4 and CD8. Epidermal sheets of the ear and epithelial sheets of the forestomach were immunostained for I-A and observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope.Cutaneous DTH reactions were induced in mice, as demonstrated by an increase in ear thickness and a prominent infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes at 24-36 h after the elicitative challenge. In the elicitation phase, epidermal LCs showed a significant increase in size, indicating in vivo activation, at 24 h. In the sensitization phase, gastric LCs increased in size at 2 h, became round at 6 h, and decreased in number at 24 h, possibly representing the sequential events of LC activation and migration from the epithelium.The present study demonstrated that gastric LCs and epidermal LCs were activated in vivo in the sensitization and elicitation phases, respectively, of cutaneous DTH reactions in orally sensitized mice.
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Childhood-Onset Stargardt Disease
Authors: Kaoru Fujinami, Jana Zernant, Ravinder K. Chana, Genevieve A. Wright, Kazushige Tsunoda, Yoko Ozawa, Kazuo Tsubota, Anthony G. Robson, Graham E. Holder, Rando Allikmets, Michel Michaelides, Anthony T. Moore
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)

To describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with childhood-onset Stargardt disease (STGD).Retrospective case series.Forty-two patients who were diagnosed with STGD in childhood at a single institution between January 2001 and January 2012.A detailed history and a comprehensive ophthalmic examination were undertaken, including color fundus photography, autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and pattern and full-field electroretinograms. The entire coding region and splice sites of ABCA4 were screened using a next-generation, sequencing-based strategy. The molecular genetic findings of childhood-onset STGD patients were compared with those of adult-onset patients.Clinical, imaging, electrophysiologic, and molecular genetic findings.The median ages of onset and the median age at baseline examination were 8.5 (range, 3-16) and 12.0 years (range, 7-16), respectively. The median baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity was 0.74. At baseline, 26 of 39 patients (67%) with available photographs had macular atrophy with macular/peripheral flecks; 11 (28%) had macular atrophy without flecks; 1 (2.5%) had numerous flecks without macular atrophy; and 1 (2.5%) had a normal fundus appearance. Flecks were not identified at baseline in 12 patients (31%). SD-OCT detected foveal outer retinal disruption in all 21 patients with available images. Electrophysiologic assessment demonstrated retinal dysfunction confined to the macula in 9 patients (36%), macular and generalized cone dysfunction in 1 subject (4%), and macular and generalized cone and rod dysfunction in 15 individuals (60%). At least 1 disease-causing ABCA4 variant was identified in 38 patients (90%), including 13 novel variants; ≥2 variants were identified in 34 patients (81%). Patients with childhood-onset STGD more frequently harbored 2 deleterious variants (18% vs 5%) compared with patients with adult-onset STGD.Childhood-onset STGD is associated with severe visual loss, early morphologic changes, and often generalized retinal dysfunction, despite often having less severe fundus abnormalities on examination. One third of children do not have flecks at presentation. The relatively high proportion of deleterious ABCA4 variants supports the hypothesis that earlier onset disease is often owing to more severe variants in ABCA4 than those found in adult-onset disease.
Data Protection Act and medical records.
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1985)

benefit from a period of formal exercise training with substantial improvement in exercise tolerance.Patients often ask whether it is safe to ignore their angina and continue exercise.As a general rule the advice should be never to disregard the warning of myocardial ischaemia and to either rest or at least reduce the pace of walking at the onset of pain.Even those who have discovered that they are able to walk through angina should be warned that the phenomenon is variable, not guaranteed-and certainly no justification for fighting or ignoring the symptom.B L PENTECOST
Prevention of Second Primary Tumors With Isotretinoin in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Long-term Follow-up
Authors: S. E. Benner, T. F. Pajak, S. M. Lippman, C. Earley, W. K. Hong
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Prevention of Second Primary Tumors With Isotretinoin in Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Long-term Follow-up Get access Steven E. Benner, Steven E. Benner Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Correspondence to : Steven E. Benner, M. D., The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 80, Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas F. Pajak, Thomas F. Pajak Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Statistical Unit, American College of RadiologyPhiladelphia, Pa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Scott M. Lippman, Scott M. Lippman Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles Earley, Charles Earley Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Waun K. Hong Waun K. Hong Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston Correspondence to : Steven E. Benner, M. D., The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Box 80, Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 2, 19 January 1994, Pages 140–141, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.2.140 Published: 19 January 1994 Article history Received: 14 July 1993 Revision received: 08 October 1993 Accepted: 19 October 1993 Published: 19 January 1994
Hemodynamic Changes Following Correction of Severe Aortic Stenosis Using the Cutter-Smeloff Prosthesis
Authors: SIMON J. K. LEE, M. HARAPHONGSE, J. C. CALLAGHAN, R. E. ROSSALL, R. S. FRASER
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Twelve patients with pure or dominant stenosis were studied before and after aortic valve replacement (Cutter-Smeloff). The changes in cardiac output and A-V O 2 difference were small and insignificant, but exercise stroke volume increased from 72 to 96 ml after the surgery. The aortic peak systolic gradient was 92 ± 29 mm Hg before and 4 ± 9.8 mm Hg after surgery. The PA wedge pressure, taken as a measure of the LV diastolic pressure, decreased from 18 mm Hg to 12 mm Hg at rest and 30 mm Hg to 16 mm Hg on exercise. The PA pressures also decreased from 37/18 (mean, 26) to 28/11 (17) mm Hg at rest, and 61/31 (43) to 41/17 (27) mm Hg on exercise, but the PA and PA wedge pressures maintained their tendency to increase in a linear manner with oxygen consumption (Vo 2 ) on exercise after surgery. As a result of decreased wedge pressure, the pulmonary vascular resistance also decreased significantly afterward. The adequacy of cardiac output at rest and on exercise expressed by cardiac output as the linear function of Vo 2 improved toward the normal (values before operation, CO = 2.78 ± 0.0069 Vo 2 , r = 0.84; after operation, CO = 3.80 + 0.0062 Vo 2 , r = 0.91). The exercise factor (ΔCO/ΔVo 2 ) or the regression coefficient, however, was similar before and after surgery. The hemodynamic result was satisfactory although some abnormalities of the left ventricular function persisted after operation.
Limitations of Intraductal Ultrasonography in Differentiating between Bile Duct Cancer in Stage T1 and Stage T2: In-vitro and In-vivo Studies
Authors: K. Tamada, N. Kanai, N. Ueno, M. Ichiyama, T. Tomiyama, S. Wada, A. Oohashi, T. Nishizono, S. Tano, T. Aizawa, K. Ido, K. Kimura
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: We investigated whether intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) could distinguish between stage T1 and T2 bile duct cancer.
A BRIEF REVIEW OF SOME OF THE RECENT PRACTICAL ADVANCES IN MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS.Being the Address in Medicine before the American Medical Association, June 6, 1893.
Authors: H. A. HARE
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The function of the member of this Association who is called upon to deliver the annual address in medicine is not to give in detail the course and results of laborious laboratory investigation nor to weary his hearers with long reports of cases. It is rather his duty to present as far as lies in his power certain broad views of the present status of the nonsurgical side of our work as doctors of medicine.  The consideration of one particular field of work is also out of place and I have therefore decided that a brief and necessarily imperfect discussion of the present status of therapeutics and diagnosis would enable me to fulfill, to some extent at least, the duty which has devolved upon me. The department of surgical therapeutics and diagnosis does not fall to my care and will be ably discussed by Dr. Mudd tomorrow.  By therapeutics I
A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial of ISA247 in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: Robert Bissonnette, Kim Papp, Yves Poulin, Gilles Lauzon, Launa Aspeslet, Robert Huizinga, Patrick Mayo, Robert T. Foster, Randall W. Yatscoff, Walter P. Maksymowych
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Review of deaths related to taking ecstasy, England and Wales, 1997-2000
Authors: F. Schifano
Journal: BMJ (2003)

remarkably high in a no fault jurisdiction and strongly predictive of such occurences.Doctors in many countries are discouraged from reporting medical errors, 4 yet litigation in tort jurisdictions is becoming more common. 5 In no fault jurisictions, the relatively high level of annotation in patient records that we found could provide a basis for more vigorous error reporting.
Effect of intraduodenal bile salt on pancreaticobiliary responses to bombesin and to cholecystokinin in humans
Authors: Paul W. Thimister, Wim P. Hopman, Albert Tangerman, Gerd Rosenbusch, Hans L. Willems, Jan B. Jansen
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Bile salts modulate postprandial gallbladder emptying and pancreatic enzyme secretion, possibly by interfering with plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) responses. The regulatory role of bile salts in the absence of nutrients from the gut is poorly understood. Therefore, we studied the effect of intraduodenal sodium chenodeoxycholate on bombesin (BBS)- or CCK-stimulated plasma CCK levels, plasma pancreatic polypeptide levels, gallbladder motility, and pancreatic enzyme secretion. In a crossover design, saline without or with chenodeoxycholate was perfused intraduodenally for 3 hours in healthy volunteers. During the last hour, either BBS (n = 9) or CCK (n = 10) was infused intravenously. Chenodeoxycholate inhibited BBS-stimulated gallbladder emptying from 59% +/- 4% to 34% +/- 6% (P <.05) and intraduodenal bilirubin output from 41 +/- 9 to 21 +/- 5 micromol/h (P <.05), but it increased integrated plasma CCK levels from 157 +/- 19 to 184 +/- 19 pmol/L. 60 min (P =.01). Similarly, chenodeoxycholate administration inhibited gallbladder emptying and bilirubin output in response to intravenous CCK. Chenodeoxycholate also tended to reduce pancreatic polypeptide release and intraduodenal amylase output in response to intravenous BBS or CCK. It is concluded that intraduodenal chenodeoxycholate administration inhibits BBS- or CCK-stimulated gallbladder emptying, probably by diminishing target organ sensitivity to circulating CCK.
Acquired Immune Hemolytic Anemias
Authors: Joseph M. Baron
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The authors of this mongraph attempt the difficult task of combining in a single volume both the clinical and laboratory aspects of immunohematology needed for a comprehensive understanding of this subject. In so doing, they present a broad range of subject matter that varies in complexity from the most elementary definitions of clinical and laboratory terms—hemolytic anemia, Coombs' test—to state-of-the-art discussions of management of autoimmune hemolytic anemias and sophisticated autoanalyzer techniques for differentiation of types of antibody-RBC interactions. The text is well organized and clearly written. It has excellent references at the end of each chapter and a good index. The original illustrations are generally well done, although there are occasional typographical inconsistencies between diagrams and text. The concise, illustrated reviews of the complement pathways, immunoglobulin structure and function, and the mechanisms of immune hemolysis are attractive as teaching references for related curricula. A full chapter is devoted to details
Abstract LB-152: Macrophage control of cancer cell stemness and tumor metastasis
Authors: Sara Gorjestani
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract A characteristic feature of cancer is the presence of an abundant inflammatory infiltrate, which includes tumor-associated macrophages. In response to diverse tumor-derived chemoattractants, macrophages invade the tumor microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, growth, immunosuppression and metastasis. Because they stimulate tumor progression and metastasis, it is possible that tumor-associated macrophages enhance cancer initiating cell populations leading to increased tumorigenicity and metastasis. In the tumor microenvironment, macrophages are characterized into having two phenotypes, classical (M1) or alternative (M2). M2 macrophages suppress T-cell activation and promote angiogenesis and tumor progression, while M1 macrophages produce immunostimulatory cytokines and stimulate T cell mediated anti-tumor immunity. Whether and how macrophages affect cancer cell stemness and metastasis is not well understood. Recently our lab showed that suppression of PI3Kinase-gamma signaling in myeloid cells leads to a reduction in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Genetic or pharmaceutical blockade of PI3Kinase-gamma or its target alpha4beta1 integrin inhibits the trafficking of monocytes to tumors and blocks expression of M2 macrophage factors, such as TGF-beta, Arginase and IL-6. To discover how PI3Kinase-gamma regulates the macrophage phenotype we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of classical and alternative polarization conditions in PI3Kinase-gamma-deficient and WT macrophages. Using this approach, we identified gene clusters associated with tumor immunity and metastasis that are regulated by PI3Kinase-gamma. Furthermore, we observed that macrophages polarized to the M2 phenotype enhanced the colony formation of breast and lung cancer cell lines in an anchorage independent tumor spheroid outgrowth assay whereas M1 polarization inhibited colony formation. Taken together, our data support the hypotheses that PI3Kinase-gamma expressing M2 macrophages promote cancer cell stemness and tumor metastasis. These studies could lead to new approaches for cancer therapy by encouraging the use of PI3Kinase-gamma antagonists as adjuvants for immunotherapy of human cancer. Citation Format: Sara Gorjestani. Macrophage control of cancer cell stemness and tumor metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-152. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-152
Longitudinal Analyses of Airway Responsiveness and Pulmonary Function Decline
Authors: Bert Rijcken, Scott T. Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"Longitudinal Analyses of Airway Responsiveness and Pulmonary Function Decline." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154(6_pt_2), pp. S246–S249
Necrobiosis lipoidica: treatment with systemic corticosteroids
Authors: P. PETZELBAUER, K. WOLFF, G. TAPPEINER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

In an attempt to find an effective therapy for necrobiosis lipoidica, we have treated six patients with this disease with a 5-week course of systemic corticosteroids. This treatment resulted in complete cessation of disease activity in all patients and no recurrence in a mean follow-up period of 7 months; however, restitution of atrophic skin lesions could not be achieved. The therapy was well tolerated and did not pose problems, even in diabetic patients. These results strongly suggest that short-course therapy of necrobiosis lipoidica with corticosteroids is of lasting benefit to these patients and should probably be considered early in the course of their skin disease.
Fracture of the lateral process of the talus: computed tomographic scan diagnosis.
Authors: J Noble, S G Royle
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1992)

Fracture of the lateral process of the talus is rare but can be mistaken for a simple ankle sprain. A case with normal conventional radiographs is presented to draw attention to this diagnosis in the resistant ankle sprain, and to highlight some of the problems that may be encountered with treatment.
Prenatal diethylstilbestrol and vaginal cancer in offspring
Authors: D. H. Mills
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol has produced benign and malignant cervical and vaginal lesions in female offspring which is most often detected between the ages of 14-25.  As little as 1.5 mg of diethylstilbestrol daily taken during pregnancy and as short an interval as 12 days during the first trimester have both been associated with tumor in female children.  The FDA has approved the use of diethylstilbestrol in emergency postcoital situations.  Daughters of mothers who receive the drug may want to sue the doctor or the manufacturer.  The manufacturer would be liable for previous administrtions made before the dangers were known.  The doctor would be liable if he administered the drug knowing its potential hazards.  There are many young girls whose mothers are unaware they took diethylstilbestrol while pregnant.  In May 1973 the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) issued a technical bulletin with an editorial that emphasized the necessity of examination of postmenarchal girls at risk.  In cases where records are available it would be wise to notify patients who received the drug so their daughters could be examined.  Office clerks could identify patients at risk from physicians prescription codes.  Preprinted notices can be sent to the patients last address.  Many will be lost to follow-up.
Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling in Dilated Cardiomyopathy Receiving Tailored Medical Treatment
Authors: Marco Merlo, Stylianos A. Pyxaras, Bruno Pinamonti, Giulia Barbati, Andrea Di Lenarda, Gianfranco Sinagra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Cure of Streptococcal Endocarditis With Six Days of Antibiotic Therapy
Authors: F. Bricaire
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The duration of antibiotic therapy required for bacteriologic cure of bacterial endocarditis is unknown. Although recent attention has been given to short-term therapy of streptococcal endocarditis,<sup>1</sup>traditional therapeutic regimens are 40 days long. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 19-year-old Moroccan woman was admitted to our hospital with a four-day history of fever, and an increase in her chronic shortness of breath on exertion. Her history was significant for probable rheumatic fever in infancy. Physical examination revealed an elevated temperature, 38.5 °C; tachycardia, 100 beats per minute; wide pulse pressure, 150/45 mm Hg; and aortic murmurs that were 5/6 systolic and 3/6 diastolic. There were no signs of heart failure. Her chest was clear and there was no splenomegaly present. She had had an Osler's node on her left foot, the fifth toe, three days before admission. All of her 14 blood cultures showed growth of an
The Magic White Coat
Authors: Richard G. Druss
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

On Being a Doctor1 November 1998The Magic White CoatRichard G. Druss, MDRichard G. Druss, MDColumbia P&S; New York, NY 10128Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-9-199811010-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The wintry wind blows cold off the Hudson River at 168th and Broadway. Yet the medical students I see each morning at 8:00, scurrying from one building to the next at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, are without benefit of coat, hat, and gloves; they wear just their white coats. They are young and perhaps don't feel the weather so sharply. They might say that they can't be bothered by bulky clothes as they attend to their many patients. They might also say the tunnels that connect the disparate hospitals of the medical center add unrecoverable minutes to their already hectic schedules. ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Columbia P&S; New York, NY 10128Corresponding Author: Richard G. Druss, MD, Columbia P&S, 180 East End Avenue, New York, NY 10128. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOn White Coats and Professional Development: The Formal and the Hidden Curricula Delese Wear Deconstructing the White Coat William T. Branch Jr. Metrics Cited ByDressed to Heal: The Changing Semiotics of Surgical DressImportance of physicians’ attire: factors influencing the impression it makes on patients, a cross-sectional studyDiscourses of student orientation to medical education programsStunting professionalism: The potency and durability of the hidden curriculum within medical educationMentoring Profession Part II: Mentoring as a Paradigm for Teaching MedicineEvidence‐based physicians' dressing: a crossover trialThe White Coat Ceremony: Turning Trust Into Entitlement 1 November 1998Volume 129, Issue 9Page: 743KeywordsAIDSBloodFatigueRiversStroke Issue Published: 1 November 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...