tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
On Certain Forms of Non-Puerperal Uterine Haemorrhage
Authors: A. E. A. Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (1878)

attention to the subject; and I should not have ventured to do so, had I not satisfied myself of the value of the observAtiolS by the most careful examination of the two tumours and the sprouting masses found in the ascitic fluid in the cases which I have recordedl.Since those two cases, I have had many opportunities of verifying my observations.Later investigations have convinced me that, while it is quite true that particles of sprouting epithelium do occasionally escape from ovarian tumours and grow on the surface of the peritoineum, after the manner of skin-graftiitg, yet it is eiqually true that masses of sprouting cells may grow from the peritoneum directly, as the result of chronic irritation, caused by a growing ovarian tumour, or by fluids which have escaped from ovarian cysts, and that even the pleural mnembrane may become inivolved in the irritation.One cannot help recalling to recollection the beautiful plates of Klein, wherein he represents the little outgrowths from the peritoneum which appear as the result of chronic irritation of that structure.The microscopical appearance of these outgrowths resemble in a remarkable manner that of the masses of sprouting cells which I have so frequently found in ascitic fluid surrounding sarcomatous tumours of the ovary,
QT dispersion in patients with severe burns in intensive care unit
Authors: Mitsuru Osada, Yukio Tanaka, Takayuki Komai, Yoshikane Maeda, Isao Kohno, Ken Umetani, Takao Sawanobori, Hiroshi Ijiri, Sadayoshi Komori, Kohji Tamura
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2000)
Suppression of Lymphocyte Activation by a Protein Released from Isolated Perfused Rat Liver
Authors: Christopher Pizzo, Donald Lee, Francis V. Chisari
Journal: Hepatology (1982)

Isolated rat liver perfusates contain a substance which inhibits 3 H–thymidine uptake by phyto–hemagglutinin–stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes in a dose–dependent, noncytotoxic fashion. Suppression is not due to interference of lymphocyte–phytohemagglutinin interaction or dilution of the thymidine pool. Complete inhibition of thymidine uptake is achieved with less than 1.0 fig of material per ml (which is a potentially achievable concentration in vivo). The release of this material is directly and quantitatively associated with hepatocellular injury as measured by release of glutamic pyruvate transaminase. The material is a highly basic protein with a molecular weight of approximately 65,000 to 80,000 daltons. It is a product of the hepatocyte rather than of nonparenchymal liver cells. Liver–derived materials, such as the presently described molecule, may play a role in in situ regulation of lymphocyte function during immunologically mediated liver disease.
Significance of inwardly directed transmembrane current in determination of local myocardial electrical activation during ventricular fibrillation.
Authors: F X Witkowski, R Plonsey, P A Penkoske, K M Kavanagh
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the principle cardiac rhythm disorder responsible for sudden cardiac death in humans. The accurate determination of local cardiac activation during VF is essential for its mechanistic elucidation. This has been hampered by the rapidly changing and markedly heterogeneous electrophysiological nature of VF. These difficulties are manifested when attempting to differentiate true propagating electrical activity from electrotonic signals and when identifying local activation from complex and possibly fractionated electrograms. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that the presence of a balanced inwardly and outwardly directed transmembrane charge, obtained from the ratio of the inward to outward area under the cardiac transmembrane current curve (-/+ Im area), could reliably differentiate propagating from electrotonic deflections during VF. To test this hypothesis, we applied a recently described technique for the in vivo estimation of the transmembrane current (Im) during cardiac activation. A 17-element orthogonal epicardial electrode array was combined with an immediately adjacent optical fiber array to record electrical and optically coupled transmembrane potential signals during VF. Recordings were obtained during electrically induced VF in six dogs to determine the Im associated with activation and the time course of repolarization, as well as unipolar electrograms and bipolar electrograms recorded at multiple center-to-center interelectrode distances from 0.2 to 3 mm. Propagating local activations were associated with the presence of an easily identified inwardly directed Im, with a balanced inward and outward charge (-/+ Im area approximately 1.0). Electrotonic wave-forms lacked this inward Im (-/+ Im area approximately 0.0). Normal Na(+)-mediated inward currents were directly demonstrated to be responsible for some activations during VF.
V/Q SPECT in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism
Authors: T. Gruning, B. E. Drake
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Takach Lapner and Kearon’s review does not reflect current clinical practice with regard to ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scanning.1 Following publication of European and American specialist society guidelines, two dimensional planar scans are being replaced by three dimensional single photon emission computed …
Do volunteer donors decrease posttranfusion hepattis?
Authors: P. W. Holley
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A change from a paid to a volunteer blood donor system was instituted as recommended by the American Association of Blood Banks "Statement on the National Blood Policy." The incidence of counterelectrophoresis HBSAg positive units from each donor group was determined. Of 2,785 purchased units, 3 (0.10%) were HBSAg positive, while 34 (0.94%) of 3,609 units from volunteers were HBSAg positive. This 840% increase suggests that careful selection of donor population rather than blind reliance on volunteers should be emphasized in providing the safest blood for transfusion.
Abstract B77: The role of fibroblasts in invasive lobular breast carcinoma
Authors: Mirjam C. Boelens, Ellen Wientjens, Eva Schut, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Karin E. de Visser, Jos Jonkers
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can promote breast cancer growth and metastasis, but the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. In order to study the role of CAFs in breast cancer development in an in vivo setting, we make use of a spontaneous mammary tumor mouse model for invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). ILC is the second most common type of breast cancer, and is characterized by loss of E-cadherin, a rich stromal compartment, infiltrative growth, and treatment resistance. Often, the PI3K pathway is observed activated in the ILC subtype. Based on these characteristics, we have generated mouse models with mammary epithelial-specific conditional knockout of E-cadherin and PTEN that develop classical ILCs with a strong resemblance to human ILC. Using PDGFRβ as a fibroblast marker, we have observed an abundant presence of stromal fibroblasts in these ILCs, similar to human ILC. Based on a mammary gland transplantation setting using fluorescent labeled recipient mice, we have shown that fibroblasts get recruited from the host during tumor development. In vitro, we have also shown that tumor cells recruit fibroblasts. Inhibition of PDGFRβ in this in vitro model can at least in part inhibit this recruitment. We are currently investigating whether inhibition of PDGFRβ in vivo can prevent the recruitment of fibroblasts and subsequently tumor development or progression. In parallel, we have isolated fibroblasts from primary mouse ILCs and wild-type mammary glands to screen for other important players in the tumor-stroma crosstalk using RNA-seq and cytokine profiling. We will subsequently assess their functional significance during ILC development and progression. This research is supported by a fellowship of the Dutch Cancer Society Citation Format: Mirjam C. Boelens, Ellen Wientjens, Eva Schut, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Karin E. de Visser, Jos Jonkers. The role of fibroblasts in invasive lobular breast carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B77. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-B77
Validation of a digital color Doppler flow measurement method for pulmonary regurgitant volumes and regurgitant fractions in an in vitro model and in a chronic animal model of postoperative repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Yoshiki Mori, Timothy Irvine, Michael Jones, Rosemary A Rusk, Quynh Pham, Antoinette Kenny, David J Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Health research and indigenous health
Authors: C. Cunningham
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In 2002 Australia, Canada, and New Zealand signed a tripartite memorandum of understanding on health research for indigenous health for the purpose of sharing expertise on the “purchase” of health research. Later this year the agreement will be augmented at a meeting to be held in Townsville, Australia 

Health research has much to contribute to improving health and research outcomes for indigenous populations. Although indigenous approaches to knowledge and learning may challenge Western orthodoxy, there is growing evidence of the value of investing in specific research projects and in capacity building for researchers of indigenous origin. Indigenous researchers are important contributors, but mainstream research can make substantive contributions if the requirements for responsiveness to the needs and expectations of indigenous populations are carefully implemented. In a policy environment three conditions–clear direction, dedicated funding, and processes governed by indigenous people–are needed to identify and enhance the quality, relevance, and responsiveness of grant applications by all researchers.

In 2002 Australia, Canada, and New Zealand signed a tripartite memorandum of understanding on health research for indigenous health. All three countries fund research centrally through contestable grant rounds; they have considerable indigenous populations, whose health outcomes are poorer than those in non-indigenous populations; and they have developing sectors of indigenous researchers alongside Western oriented researchers. The purpose of this agreement is to share expertise on the “purchase” (funding) of health research and to develop policy for collaborative research between the three countries, including sponsoring placements of individuals, funding international research projects, and supporting other collaborative research relationships. In November 2003, this agreement will be developed at a meeting to be held in Townsville, Australia.

In Australia the National Health and Medical Research Council (www.health.gov.au/nhmrc) has as its main objective to “advise the Australian community on the achievement and maintenance of the highest practicable standards …
US nurse says she will fight Ebola quarantine
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The US nurse who cared for patients with Ebola virus disease in west Africa and is now being held in quarantine in her home in Maine said on 29 October that she would challenge her detention in court.

The nurse, Kaci Hickox, was held in an isolation tent for three days outside a New Jersey hospital over the weekend after she returned from Sierra Leone. The 33 year old nurse was found to have a temperature of 101°F by a non-contact thermometer shortly after her arrival but was never found to be febrile when tested with oral thermometers. She had no symptoms of Ebola virus disease, and blood tests detected no evidence of infection with the virus.

Hickox was released on 27 …
Randomized Study to Evaluate Sirolimus-Eluting Stents Implanted at Coronary Bifurcation Lesions
Authors: Antonio Colombo, Jeffrey W. Moses, Marie Claude Morice, Josef Ludwig, David R. Holmes, Vassilis Spanos, Yves Louvard, Benny Desmedt, Carlo Di Mario, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— A sirolimus-eluting stent (Cypher, Cordis Corp) has been reported to markedly decrease restenosis in selected lesions; higher-risk lesions, including coronary bifurcations, have not been studied. Methods and Results— This prospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents for treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions. Patients were randomly assigned to either stenting of both branches (group A) or stenting of the main branch with provisional stenting of the side branch (SB) (group B). Eighty-five patients (86 lesions) were enrolled. There was 1 case of unsuccessful delivery of any device at the bifurcation site. Given the high crossover, more lesions were treated with 2 stents (n=63) than with stent/balloon (n=22). Clinical follow-up at 6 months was completed in all patients and angiographic follow-up in 53 patients in group A (85.5%) and 21 in group B (95.4%). One patient died suddenly 4.5 months after the procedure. There were 3 cases of stent thrombosis (3.5%). The total restenosis rate at 6 months was 25.7%, and it was not significantly different between the double-stenting (28.0%) and the provisional SB-stenting (18.7%) groups. Fourteen of the restenosis cases occurred at the ostium of the SB and were focal. Target lesion revascularization was performed in 7 cases; target vessel failure occurred in 15 cases (17.6%). Conclusions— These results are an improvement compared with historical controls using bare metal stents. Restenosis at the SB remains a problem. At this time, no statement can be made regarding the most appropriate technique to use when treating bifurcations with the Cypher stent.
Upsurge of violence in Darfur is endangering aid workers
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The United Nations is evacuating all non-essential staff from Darfur, Sudan, after an upsurge of violence in the past month. Besides continuing militia attacks on displaced people's camps, five African Union peace keepers and two civilian drivers were killed in an ambush by unknown assailants on 8 October.

The next day another 40 monitoring troops were detained by dissident rebel forces, although they were later released unharmed.

The UN's secretary general, Kofi Annan, said: “What happened with the African Union soldiers is completely unacceptable … Both rebels and government must understand …
Emotional Support and Survival after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lisa F. Berkman, Linda Leo-Summers, Ralph I. Horwitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To compare the survival of elderly patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction who have emotional support with that of patients who lack such support, while controlling for severity of disease, comorbidity, and functional status. Design: A prospective, community-based cohort study. Setting: Two hospitals in New Haven, Connecticut. Patients: Men (n = 100) and women (n = 94) 65 years of age or more hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction between 1982 and 1988. Measurements: Social support, age, gender, race, education, marital status, living arrangements, presence of depression, smoking history, weight, and physical function were assessed prospectively using questionnaires. The presence of congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, and cardiogenic shock; the position of infarction; in-hospital complications; and history of myocardial infarction were assessed using medical records. Comorbidity was defined using an index based on the presence of eight conditions. Results: Of 194 patients, 76 (39%) died in the first 6 months after myocardial infarction. In multiple logistic regression analyses, lack of emotional support was significantly associated with 6-month mortality (odds ratio, 2.9; 95% Cl, 1.2 to 6.9) after controlling for severity of myocardial infarction, comorbidity, risk factors such as smoking and hypertension, and sociodemographic factors. Conclusions: When emotional support was assessed before myocardial infarction, it was independently related to risk for death in the subsequent 6 months.
Lipid Parameters and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Taking Statins—Reply
Authors: S. Matthijs Boekholdt, John J. P. Kastelein
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Donation After Circulatory Death: Burying the Dead Donor Rule”
Authors: David Rodríguez-Arias, Maxwell J. Smith, Neil M. Lazar
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2011)

In our target article we review both traditional and more recent attempts to justify that donors declared dead from both brain and circulatory criteria are in fact dead, and argue that they have fa...
Adult Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Michael P. Boyle
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Cystic fibrosis is a multisystem disease characterized primarily by chronic pulmonary infection and bronchiectasis, pancreatic exocrine impairment, and elevated sweat chloride. In the last 4 decades, new treatment strategies and aggressive nutritional management have resulted in a significant increase in expected survival, with median predicted survival in cystic fibrosis now to older than 35 years. This increase in predicted survival has also been aided by a greater appreciation of the potential variability in the presentation and severity of cystic fibrosis, resulting in identification of a growing number of mild cases. As it is estimated that within the next decade more than half of all individuals with cystic fibrosis will be aged 18 years or older, adult medicine caregivers are increasingly likely to encounter patients with cystic fibrosis and be exposed to their unique medical management.
Costimulated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are a feasible and safe alternative donor cell therapy for relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Nancy M. Hardy, Vicki Fellowes, Jeremy J. Rose, Jeanne Odom, Stefania Pittaluga, Seth M. Steinberg, Bazetta Blacklock-Schuver, Daniele N. Avila, Sarfraz Memon, Roger J. Kurlander, Hahn M. Khuu, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Esther Mena, Andrew J. Dwyer, Bruce L. Levine, Carl H. June, Ran Reshef, Robert H. Vonderheide, Ronald E. Gress, Daniel H. Fowler, Frances T. Hakim, Michael R. Bishop
Journal: Blood (2012)
Abstract 3243: Discovery of novel Rho kinase inhibitors: Hit generation and lead optimization
Authors: Brian G. Alexander, Roberta Pireddu, Nan N. Sun, Huidong Yu, Kara D. Forinash, Matthew P. Martin, Ernst Schonbrunn, Wayne C. Guida, Said M. Sebti, Nicholas J. Lawrence
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Rho associated protein kinases (ROCKs) are Ser/Thr kinases which require activation by small GTPases of the Rho family. ROCK is often found to be over expressed in ovarian, testicular, bladder, and pancreatic cancers. ROCK has been implicated in cell motility, adhesion, smooth muscle contraction and stress fiber formation. Inhibition of Rho kinase is a novel approach for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, CNS disorders, and, more recently, cancer. ROCK has received increased attention for its affect on cell adhesion and invasion, two key steps in metastasis. We detail the development of ROCK inhibitors from initial small molecule library screening and in-house HTS screening data. We report on the identification and resynthesis of one screening hit (ROCK1 IC50 38.5 ± 3.4 µM). Focused chemical libraries were developed and structure activity relationships will be described. All compounds have been screened in a Z-lyte kinase assay to determine their activity against both ROCK1 and ROCK2. Hit-to-lead optimization and SAR studies resulted in compounds capable of inhibiting ROCK1 at low nanomolar concentrations, RPM1510 (ROCK1 IC50 0.15 ± 0.02 µM) and RPM1533 (ROCK1 IC50 0.12 ± 0.02 µM). Progress in obtaining structural information by X-ray crystallography will be reported along with ROCK inhibitory data. Trends in isoform and kinase selectivity and potency will also be discussed. Members of this class have been shown to inhibit potently, in human lung cancer cells, the phosphorylation of MYPT1, a surrogate for ROCK activity in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3243. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3243
The Leu7Pro polymorphism of the neuropeptide Y gene regulates free fatty acid metabolism
Authors: Jussi Pihlajamäki, Pauli Karhapää, Ilkka Vauhkonen, Päivi Kekäläinen, Anu Kareinen, Laura Viitanen, Ullamari Pesonen, Jaana Kallio, Matti Uusitupa, Markku Laakso
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Induction of Fanconi anemia cellular phenotype in human 293 cells by overexpression of a mutant FAC allele.
Authors: H Youssoufian, Y Li, M E Martin, M Buchwald
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The polypeptide encoded by the Fanconi anemia (FA) complementation group C gene, FAC, binds to a group of cytoplasmic proteins in vitro and may form a multimeric complex. A known mutant allele of FAC resulting from the substitution of Pro for Leu at codon 554 fails to correct the sensitivity of FA group C cells to mitomycin C. We reasoned that overexpression of the mutant protein in a wild-type cellular background might induce the FA phenotype by competing with endogenous FAC for binding to the accessory proteins. After stable transfection of 293 cells with wild-type and a mutant FAC allele containing the L554P substitution, four independent clones that expressed four-to-fifteen fold higher levels of transcript from the mutant transgene relative to the endogenous FAC gene showed hypersensitivity to mitomycin C. By contrast, both parental and FAC-overexpressing cells maintained their relative resistance to mitomycin C. No differences in the biosynthesis, subcellular localization and protein interactions of the normal and mutant proteins were detected. The induction of the FA phenotype in this system is compatible with the competition hypothesis and provides support for a functional role of the FAC-binding proteins in vivo.