tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The influence of pressure overload left ventricular hypertrophy on diastolic properties during hypoxia in isovolumically contracting rat hearts.
Authors: B H Lorell, L F Wexler, S Momomura, E Weinberg, C S Apstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

We tested the hypothesis that there is an enhanced susceptibility in hypertrophied cardiac muscle to develop decreased diastolic distensibility of the left ventricle in response to hypoxia. The effects of brief hypoxia (3 minutes) were studied in rats with and without chronic left ventricular pressure overload hypertrophy using an isolated buffer-perfused and isovolumic (balloon-in-left ventricle) heart preparation with excised pericardium and vented right ventricle. We compared hypertrophied hearts from hearts from hypertensive uninephrectomized Wistar-Kyoto rats (n = 12) with normotensive uninephrectomized age-matched controls (n = 13). Coronary flow was held constant and adjusted so that an identical flow per gram left ventricular weight was achieved in both groups. The left ventricular balloon volume was adjusted to produce an initial left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of 10 mm Hg in both groups and was held constant thereafter so that changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during hypoxia represented changes in diastolic chamber distensibility. Under aerobic conditions, left ventricular systolic pressure was 66% higher in the hypertrophied hearts than in the controls, but there was no difference in the rate or extent of left ventricular relaxation as estimated by the exponential time constant of pressure decay and the asymptote to which pressure decayed. In response to hypoxia, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly higher in the hypertrophied hearts than in the controls (37 +/- 5 vs. 22 +/- 5 mm Hg, P less than 0.001). In response to hypoxia, the rate of left ventricular relaxation was depressed to a comparable degree in both groups, but there was a greater upward shift in the asymptote to which pressure decayed in the hypertrophied hearts. Hypoxia-induced coronary vasodilation as assessed by the change in coronary vascular resistance was similar in the hypertrophied and control hearts (2.9 +/- 0.5 vs. 2.3 +/- 0.9 mm Hg/[(ml/min)/g], NS). The degree of hypoxia-induced anaerobic metabolism as estimated by the coronary arterial-venous lactate concentration difference was also similar in both groups (-0.72 +/- 0.23 vs. -0.73 +/- 0.16 mM/liter, NS). It is concluded that brief hypoxia results in a greater decrease in diastolic distensibility of the left ventricle in the presence of chronic pressure overload hypertrophy than in its absence.
Rapid identification of smith-lemlip-opitz syndrome homozygotes and heterozygotes (carriers) by measurement of deficient 7-dehydrocholesterol-Δ7-reductase activity in fibroblasts
Authors: Sarah Shefer, Gerald Salen, Akira Honda, Ashok Batta, Susan Hauser, G.Stephen Tint, Megumi Honda, Thomas Chen, Michael F. Holick, Lien B. Nguyen
Journal: Metabolism (1997)
Recombinant vs leucocytic interferon in the treatment of HCV chronic liver disease: final report of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: A. Ascione, M. De Luca, MA. Guardascione, C. Canestrini, A. Galeota Lanza, G.G. Di Costanzo, L. Amitrano, FP Picciotto, N. Caporaso, F. Morisco, C. Tuccillo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Inhibition of cytokine and surface antigen expression in LPS-stimulated murine macrophages by triethylene glycol dimethacrylate
Authors: Alexander Eckhardt, Tolga Harorli, Jirakant Limtanyakul, Karl-Anton Hiller, Claudia Bosl, Carola Bolay, Franz-Xaver Reichl, Gottfried Schmalz, Helmut Schweikl
Journal: Biomaterials (2009)
As Nation Grows Older, Traffic Safety Officials Confront Questions of Who Should Drive
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1992)

THE NATION'S motorists are growing grayer—if not from the hazards of driving in today's traffic, then in concession to the passing of the years. The number of US motorists 65 years of age or older has doubled since the early 1980s to a total of some 22 million—about one in every eight drivers—and this number and ratio are growing with the graying of America. <h3>Passing Years</h3> The driving record for the "young old" is better than that for teenagers. For most, it is not until they become the "older old" at around 75 years or so that vision, reflexes, and cognitive skills begin to betray them. The National Institute on Aging, part of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, says its scientists have analyzed recent data and find that, "contrary to popular stereotypes, crash rates for older drivers fell during the 1980s. But deaths increased significantly, suggesting that older
Phylogenetic relationships and developmental expression of three sea urchin Wnt genes
Authors: M. J. Ferkowicz, M. C. Stander, R. A. Raff
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

The Wnt genes comprise a family of secreted glycoproteins involved in cell-cell signaling and pattern formation during the development of a variety of organisms. We have begun to examine Wnt gene expression in sea urchins that exhibit alternative modes of larval development but produce similar adults. Here we describe the isolation of five Wnt sequences from indirect- and direct-developing sea urchin species using a PCR-based strategy and library screening. Phylogenetic and distance analyses indicate that the five sequences represent sea urchin Wnt-1, -4, and -5 orthologs. Wnt-5 sequences were isolated from three sea urchin species and show a significantly faster rate of evolution than do their counterparts in jawed vertebrates. The genomic structure of the Wnt-5 locus was also examined, and its organization is similar to that of Wnt genes from insects and vertebrates. The temporal expression of all three sea urchin Wnt orthologs during sea urchin development was examined by RNA gel blots or RNase protection assays. Transcripts from all three sea urchin Wnts are detected at various developmental stages of both indirect- and direct-developing species. These data support the view that sea urchin Wnt genes exhibit many conserved aspects and at least three orthologs are developmentally regulated in both indirect- and direct-developing sea urchin embryos.
Rectal tuberculosis: the great mimic
Authors: L. Kamani, A. Ahmed, M. Shah, S. Hasan, W. Jafri
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (TB) is a diagnostic challenge in the absence of pulmonary infection. Gastrointestinal TB can involve any part of the alimentary tract from the mouth to the anus, the distal ileum being the most common site [1]. Lesions above and below this site are rare.
In Vitro Granulopoietic Colonies
Authors: Frederick Stohlman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

During the past fifteen years important information has evolved from a number of laboratories on the kinetics of granulopoiesis in normal and diseased states. Evaluation of regulatory mechanisms, however, has been hampered by the lack of an adequate assay system such as 59Fe labeling of the erythroid series for evaluation of erythropoietin. Thus, we have been in the frustrating position of being able to describe the production and destruction rates of granulocytes but unable to approach the key question adequately: What regulates granulocyte production? The only simple measure of granulopoiesis has been the numbers of granulocytes produced after perturbation. Granulopoiesis . . .
Quantum dots-based in situ molecular imaging of dynamic changes of collagen IV during cancer invasion
Authors: Min Fang, Jing-Ping Yuan, Chun-Wei Peng, Dai-Wen Pang, Yan Li
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)

Cancer invasion and metastasis remains the root cause of mortality. This process involves alterations of tumor microenvironment, particularly the remodeling of extracellular matrix, characterized by collagen IV uncoiling, degradation, fragments deposition and cross-linking. Quantum dots-labeled molecular probes are promising platforms to simultaneously study several subtle changes of key biomolecules, because of their unique optical and chemical properties. Here we report on a quantum dots-based imaging technology to study key components in tumor microenvironment during cancer progression, so as to gain new insights into the role of collagen IV plays, to define the cancer "invasion unit" and to develop the "pulse-mode" of cancer invasion.
Screening for Human T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma Virus
Authors: Alan J. Smally
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) has been noted to be extremely prevalent in several populations, including southeastern blacks.<sup>1</sup>Interestingly, the four cases of Blayney et al include three patients who worked in health-related professions: case 1 "worked as a hospital nursing and dietetic aide," case 2 "worked in the supply department of a hospital," and case 3 "worked as a medical assistant." As a physician who trained and worked in the southeast for more than 15 years, I would like to make the following observation: southern blacks work in hospitals in numbers far out of proportion to their population in any given town. Could there be a connection in this observation relating to cases 1, 2, and 3? Should populations of all races working in hospitals be screened for HTLV?
The difference in blood pressure readings between arms and survival: primary care cohort study
Authors: C. E. Clark, R. S. Taylor, A. C. Shore, J. L. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To determine whether a difference in systolic blood pressure readings between arms can predict a reduced event free survival after 10 years. <b>Design</b> Cohort study. <b>Setting</b> Rural general practice in Devon, United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 230 people receiving treatment for hypertension in primary care. <b>Intervention</b> Bilateral blood pressure measurements recorded at three successive surgery attendances. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Cardiovascular events and deaths from all causes during a median follow-up of 9.8 years. <b>Results</b> At recruitment 24% (55/230) of participants had a mean interarm difference in systolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more and 9% (21/230) of 15 mm Hg or more; these differences were associated with an increased risk of all cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 3.6, 95% confidence interval 2.0 to 6.5 and 3.1, 1.6 to 6.0, respectively). The risk of death was also increased in 183 participants without pre-existing cardiovascular disease with an interarm difference in systolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more or 15 mm Hg or more (2.6, 1.4 to 4.8 and 2.7, 1.3 to 5.4). An interarm difference in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more was weakly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events or death. <b>Conclusions</b> Differences in systolic blood pressure between arms can predict an increased risk of cardiovascular events and all cause mortality over 10 years in people with hypertension. This difference could be a valuable indicator of increased cardiovascular risk. Bilateral blood pressure measurements should become a routine part of cardiovascular assessment in primary care.
Genome-wide copy number analysis of Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells identifies recurrent imbalances with correlations to treatment outcome
Authors: Christian Steidl, Adele Telenius, Sohrab P. Shah, Pedro Farinha, Lorena Barclay, Merrill Boyle, Joseph M. Connors, Douglas E. Horsman, Randy D. Gascoyne
Journal: Blood (2010)
FOCAL INFECTIONS OF THE EYE FROM THE INTESTINAL TRACT
Authors: JAMES GARFIELD DWYER
Journal: JAMA (1918)

During the last few years marked attention has been paid to the consideration of infections of various parts of the body, due to a low-grade chronic infection in other parts, especially in the teeth and the tonsils. A very considerable advance has been made in the treatment of these so-called focal infections by the treatment of the original foci. The number of such cases on record is enormous and is fast increasing, and nowadays with certain infections we look for the primary cause and eradicate it if possible. Among these focal infections are some lesions of the eye that used to be grouped under a general classification, as rheumatism, etc. We know now that there is probably no such disease as rheumatism per se, but that the symptoms classified as rheumatism are probably manifestations of some focus of infection. The work on focal infections of the eye, due to infections
Waiting times for and attendance at paediatric ophthalmology outpatient appointments..
Authors: R J C Bowman, H G B Bennett, C A Houston, T C Aitchison, G N Dutton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

a systolic pressure below 170 mm Hg was treated.Currently treatmnent is recommended at 160 mm Hg4; our findings suggest that in otherwise healthy old people we should consider the New Zealand criteria and treat systolic blood pressures above 150 mm Hg.'We thank all the general practitioners who helped with this study.
Progress in the treatment of chronic portasystemic encephalopathy.
Authors: I R Crossley, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1984)

Progress reportProgress in the treatment of chronic portasystemic encephalopathy Hepatic encephalopathy resulting from acute episodes of hepatic decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease is to be distinguished clinically from the chronic varietyless common and seen in its most characteristic form in patients with large portasystemic shunts.' -5 Although such shunting can develop spontaneously, it is more frequently seen in association with a surgical shunt procedure.With the presently favoured selective shunt procedure, where portal flow t9 the liver is maintained, the development of severe encephalopathy is lbwer.When measured by psychometric tests, however, it may be as high as 80%X .This clinically latent impairment in mental function may affect a patient's daily functions.Indeed, in a recent study only 15% of patients with chronic liver disease and portal hypertension who were not clinically encephalopathic were regarded as fit to drive as judged by a battery of psychometric tests.7The toxic factor or factors responsible for encephalopathy, whether occurring acutely or in the chronic syndrome, are not yet known.Candidates include the synergistic effects of ammonia, fatty acids and mercaptans, aminobutyric acid (GABA), and plasma amino acid imbalance.8-1Although our understanding of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms is still incomplete, recent research has provided reasons for the effectiveness of certain treatment modalities and a theoretical framework for manipulation of the amino acid profile. Protein restrictionSeveral potential toxins are thought to arise from the action of intestinal bacteria on gut protein and both Sherlock' and Summerskill3 found that encephalopathy improved with dietary protein restriction, whereas excess dietary protein precipitated deterioration.Recent studies have shown that protein breakdown rates in cirrhosis with or without encephalopathy are significantly higher than normal and are associated with lower rates of protein synthesis. 2The minimum protein requirement of such patients is about 50 g/day.'2'3 Thus, although protein restriction has become a cornerstone of treatment of portasystemic encephalopathy, failure to provide adequate protein may lead to progressive depletion of body protein, a situation which is associated with reduced host defence to infection.'4 Attention has therefore been focused on alternative ways of providing adequate protein without precipitating encephalopathy.
National Canyon, Day 16
Authors: Ted McMahon
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prenatal PCB Exposure and Thymus Size at Birth in Neonates in Eastern Slovakia
Authors: Hye-Youn Park, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Jan Petrik, Lubica Palkovicova, Anton Kocan, Tomas Trnovec
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental toxicants, for which animal studies demonstrate immunotoxic effects, including thymic atrophy and suppressed immune responses; human investigations of similar end points are sparse. The thymus is essential for the differentiation and maturation of T-cell lymphocytes.The objective of this study was to examine the association between prenatal PCB exposures and estimated thymus volume in infants from eastern Slovakia, a region where PCBs were produced until 1984.Mothers were enrolled at delivery, and maternal blood samples were collected for analysis of 15 PCB congeners, p,p'-DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2'-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane], and p,p'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene]. Each mother was interviewed to obtain information on sociodemographic characteristics, past pregnancies, occupational history, medication history, and living environment. Neonatal thymus volume was estimated using ultrasound measurements on the third or fourth day after birth. Thymic index was calculated on 982 newborns from mothers with PCB measurements. We developed a predictive model of the natural log of the thymic index using multiple linear regression with covariates selected from the bivariate analyses.Prenatal PCB exposure was associated with a smaller thymic index at birth [beta= -36 (natural log-transformed; nanograms per gram lipids); p = 0.047]. District of residence and delivery also predicted thymic index. Male sex, later gestational age, larger birth weight z-score, and Roma ethnicity were associated with a larger thymic index, whereas respiratory illness was associated with a lower thymic index.This study provides the first evidence to date that PCB exposure in neonates is associated with a smaller thymic volume, suggesting possible impaired immunologic development.
Life or Death by EEG
Authors: Hannibal Hamlin
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The bioelectric activity of the living brain is silenced by anoxia which soon produces cerebral death. Respirators and heart stimulators can maintain the look of life in the face of death while agonizing and expensive prolongation of false hope continues for all concerned. When the brain is so compromised, the EEG can signal the point of no return, although the cardiovascular system continues to respond to supportive therapy that produces a respectable ECG. Supportive efforts should be continued only so long as the brain shares physiological response together with heart and lungs. Adequate experience has been analyzed to show that competent application and interpretation of the EEG should gain medical approval for legal pronouncement of human death.
Specific recognition of human CD3-CD16+ natural killer cells requires the expression of an autosomic recessive gene on target cells.
Authors: E Ciccone, D Pende, O Viale, G Tambussi, S Ferrini, R Biassoni, A Longo, J Guardiola, A Moretta, L Moretta
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

We analyzed the recently defined ability of CD3-CD16+ cells to specifically recognize and lyse normal allogeneic target cells (PHA-induced blasts). The susceptibility to lysis by a given alloreactive natural killer (NK) clone ("1 anti-A") was expressed by PHA blasts derived from 9 of 38 random donors analyzed. In all instances, the specific lysis of "susceptible" target cells was greater than 35% while that of "nonsusceptible" targets was less than 6% at an E/T cell ratio of 5:1. In addition to 1 anti-A, A anti-1 specific CD3-CD16+ clones could also be isolated from the reverse MLC combination. The relationship existing between lysis of normal allogeneic cells or tumor cells by the same CD3-CD16+ effector cell has been investigated: 1 anti-A specific CD3-CD16+ clones lysed PHA blasts of three of six cancer patients, while they lysed fresh tumor cells (ovarian carcinoma) from all six patients. The type of inheritance of the character "susceptibility to lysis" was analyzed in representative families. This analysis revealed that the character is inherited in an autosomic recessive fashion, and it is therefore different from MHC. We further investigated the type of segregation of the opposite character "resistance to lysis" (which is inherited in a dominant mode). The finding that this character segregated in all donors expressing given MHC haplotypes indicated that the gene regulating the expression of the NK-defined alloantigen is present on chromosome 6.
Certification-of-Need
Authors: William J. Bicknell, Diana Chapman Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Abstract Massachusetts, like 22 other states, regulates its health-care industry in part through a certification-of-need law, requiring prior approval of construction and changes in service. As a basis for assessing the program's impact, data from the first 19 months are aggregated. A total of 209 determinations were made during the period, 21 involving beds in general hospitals, and 107 beds in long-term-care facilities. They apparently forestalled the addition of 478 beds in the general-hospital sector and of 1885 long-term-care beds. Most of the 40 "facility-improvement" and 35 of 37 clinic proposals were approved. Fifteen determinations were appealed. Hindrances to assessment of certification-of-need are formidable. As a consumer-oriented regulatory tool, it is valuable though limited since it can only react to proposals and can neither initiate nor provide positive incentives for new programs. (N Engl J Med 292: 1054–1061, 1975)
Two surgeons who dared are still chasing their dreams
Authors: D. L. Breo
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal