tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intracoronary papaverine and complete atrioventricular block.
Authors: D. A. Chauhan, P. A. Mullins, S. T. Thuraisingham, P. M. Schofield
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Cambridge CB3 8RE) write: Papa- verine administered by the intracoronary route in humans produces a brief maximal hyperaemic response in the coronary circulation that has little systemic effect and is used to measure coronary flow reserve in cardiac disease. 2 Intracoronary papaverine is known to produce changes in cardiac electrophysio- logical variables and ST-T configur- ation and prolongation of the QT interval.3Isolated cases of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibril- lation have also been described.46We describe a case of complete atrioven- tricular block after intracoronary papaverine administration.A 53 year old man was undergoing investigations for chest pain with a positive response on exercise electro- cardiography and normal coronary arteries on angiography.He was re- admitted for further investigations, including coronary flow reserve studies.He had been taking nifedipine for several months and this was stopped 24 hours before cardiac catheterisation.His only other medication was dipyridamole, which was continued.Baseline pulse rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and serum electolyte concentrations were normal.Resting coronary blood flow was measured with a 3F 20 mHz intracoronary Doppler flow probe.Incremental doses of intracoronary papaverine were given after a 2 mg test dose.After administration of a 12 mg dose the patient developed complete atrioventricular block last- ing five seconds.He remained asymptomatic and was haemo- dynamically stable.The study was terminated because of this unexpected side effect.This case shows that, although papaverine is a relatively safe coron- ary vasodilator for measuring coron- ary flow reserve, all patients should be closely monitored while receiving intracoronary papaverine.A tem- porary pacemaker should also be available as well as appropriate antiarrhythmic preparations.1 Wilson RF, White CW.Intracoronary papa- venne: an ideal coronars vasodilator for studies of the coronary circulation in con- scious humans.
Use of Inno-Lipa HBV-DR to assess the sensitivity of lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants to adefovir
Authors: Vincent Thibault, Yves Benhamou, Olivier Lada, Fabienne Mousnier, Marie Bochet, Shelly Xiong, Carol Brosgart, Erwin Sablon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Dubois' Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: R J Powell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

The volume is divided into very short chapters by more than 80 authors and covers most of the disorders of bone and mineral metabolism.The problems with a multi- authorship volume are the lack of cohesion between chapters and in the level of expertise devoted to each section.This volume steers a very good compromise between these two extremes.Yes, there is overlap, but this is generally supportive rather than counterproductive.So too are their differences in style.There is, however, a great deal of heterogeneity in the level of referencing and this could be improved.Overall, this variation is not intrusive and is a great credit to the Editor and Associate Editors.The book is exactly what it claims to be -a primer.It is a very useful first source of reference for students, physicians and scientists who wish to have a short review of any area in bone metabolism.In the case of physicians, it will be useful in all the many specialties that cover some aspects of bone disease.These include rheumatology, but also endocrinology, nephrology, oncology and gynaecology.The book is compiled mainly by American authors and aimed at the American reader.There are therefore some problems for its wider use.For example, the view that corrected serum calcium should be abandoned, since ionised calcium is available and more appropriate, is clearly not translatable.Perhaps the most difficult area is in therapeutics, as in Europe treatment approaches differ considerably from the USA, particularly in osteoporosis.Agents that are widely available in other countries are relatively neglected, and in some cases ignored.Apart from these deficiencies, I can thoroughly recommed it for all with a passing, or even passionate, interest in bone disease.
Erk Kinases Link Pre-B Cell Receptor Signaling to Transcriptional Events Required for Early B Cell Expansion
Authors: Tomoharu Yasuda, Hideki Sanjo, Gilles Pagès, Yohei Kawano, Hajime Karasuyama, Jacques Pouysségur, Masato Ogata, Tomohiro Kurosaki
Journal: Immunity (2008)
T-cell-specific murine Ia antigens: serology of I-J and I-E subregion specificities.
Authors: C E Hayes, F H Bach
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

(B10 X B10.D2)F1 mice were immunized with B10.A(5R) concanavalin A-stimulated thymocyte blasts. The genetic disparity between donor and recipient was restricted to the I-J and I-E subregions of the murine major histocompatibility (H-2) complex. A high-titered, T-cell-specific anti I-JkEk serum was obtained. The antiserum lysed 27-30% of haplotype k, q, or s lymph node cells, 5.3 +/- 2% of haplotype k spleen cells, and did not lyse thymocytes. Nylon wool-passed lymph node or spleen cells (H-2k) showed considerable reactivity with anti-I-JkEk serum (35-40% lysis); anti-Thy1.2 plus complement-treated spleen cells did not react (less than 5% lysis). I-Ek antibody was detected by B10.A(3R) lymph node cell reactivity (20% lysis), whereas reaction with H-2k lymph node cells after B10.A(3R) absorption demonstrated IJk antibody (12% lysis). Lymphocyte activation with alloantigen or mitogen led to increased anti-I-JkEk serum reactivity. These results, showing antibody production to at least two T-cell Ia antigenic determinants by concanavalin A thmocyte blast immunization, suggest that a group of I-region-encoded T-cell specificities may not have been detected using conventional immunization protocols because they would not have comprised a major antigenic component of the immunizing cell population. The existence of multiple Ia antigenic determinants unique to T lymphocytes would have important implications for serological and functional studies of T-cell subpopulations.
Heparin-treated haemolytic-uraemic syndrome simulating Fabry's disease.
Authors: G H Hall, R A Caldwell, C Shaldon, P G Bisson
Journal: BMJ (1971)

DiscussionTermination of pregnancy with abortifacient paste appears at first to be a satisfactory method.The points in its favour are ease of insertion, usually without a general anaesthetic, and the possibility of evacuating the uterus up to 20 weeks of gestation without opening the abdomen.Lachelin and Burgess (1968) claimed that there is no need for routine curettage, but this was done in the present series.The pain during abortion, in my opinion, is much greater than the pain of a spontaneous abortion.However, the complications which might occur are not rare and often are severe and even fatal.In our experience this method has proved so unsatisfactory that it has been abandoned.I wish to thank all the consultants in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology for permission to report on cases under their care.
Grand Rounds - Hammersmith Hospital Late presentation of Kartagener's syndrome Consequences of ciliary dysfunction
Authors: M Perraudeau
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Primary ciliary dyskinesia provides a unique insight into the role of cilia in the human body. It is usually diagnosed in childhood, when prompt treatment of respiratory infections can minimise irreversible damage to the lungs.

A 48 year old man presented with a four month history of cough productive of green sputum, a two month history of night sweats, and a two day history of left sided pleuritic chest pain. He had previously had recurrent chest infections, recurrent purulent rhinosinusitis, and had produced more than one cupful of sputum a day for many years. He smoked 20 cigarettes a day.

On examination he had a fever (38°C), a regular pulse (100 beats/min), and blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg. He was not clubbed. His apex beat was localised to the right fifth intercostal space and he had signs of consolidation in the left mid-zone. He had complete situs inversus viscerum.

He had a haemoglobin concentration of 140 g/l and a peripheral leucocyte count of 11.8x109/l with 88% neutrophils. His erythrocyte sedimentation rate (34 mm in the first hour) and C reactive protein concentration (15 mg/l) were raised. Routine biochemistry tests gave normal results. Blood cultures were sterile but sputum culture grew Streptococcus pneumoniae. Culture was negative for acid fast bacilli. Chest radiography confirmed dextrocardia, with the aortic arch lying on the right side of the trachea (fig 1). The left lung had three lobes with consolidation in the middle lobe. A gastric air bubble was noted on the right side. The plain film showed no evidence of bronchiectasis but computed tomography of the chest after his pneumonia had resolved showed bronchiectasis in the left middle lobe and right lower lobe (fig 2).



FIG 1 
Chest radiograph showing dextrocardia with the aortic arch lying on the right side of the …
Voltage- and use-dependent effects of lidocaine on sodium current in rat single ventricular cells.
Authors: J Sanchez-Chapula, Y Tsuda, I R Josephson
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

We compared the blocking effects of the local anesthetics, lidocaine and benzocaine, on the sodium current, using single rat ventricular cells to obtain further information about the voltage dependence and kinetics of local anesthetic interaction with cardiac sodium channels. We used a hybrid voltage clamp system which employed a suction pipette for passing current and internal perfusion, and a microelectrode for membrane potential measurement. Lidocaine (20 microM) and benzocaine (100 microM) produced qualitatively similar effects on sodium current when test pulses were applied infrequently. Both of these agents decreased the peak sodium current without producing a shift of the current-voltage curve. They did, however, shift the inactivation curves of sodium current to hyperpolarized potentials; the V0.5 was shifted by -9.5 mV for lidocaine and by -5 mV for benzocaine. Lidocaine produced a significant use-dependent effect that was proportional to the duration of the voltage step. Benzocaine produced only minimal use-dependent effects. The characteristics of the lidocaine block suggest that this agent binds preferentially to inactivated sodium channels and that dissociation from resting channels is voltage-dependent. The differences in lipid solubility and molecular weight between lidocaine and benzocaine may explain the differences in their use-dependent blocking effects on sodium current.
So what's so new about patient choice?
Authors: Philip J Steer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

T he current political agenda for choice in medical care is being presented as something new. However, choice has always existed. Not everyone who is ill chooses to seek medical care. For example, 50% of women with heavy periods (blood loss of > 80 ml in each period) do not complain, whereas 50% of those who seek treatment have bleeding that objectively is in the normal range.

There has long been a choice about whom to consult. Many people with acute symptoms prefer to visit the hospital's emergency department rather than seeing their family doctor. Many seek second, or even several, opinions. This option—long available to the wealthy—has been encouraged by medical specialisation. For example, many women lose babies because of going intolabour before term. They are desperate to avoid are petition. They often consult widely and may be seen by a haematologist looking for a thrombophilia, an infertility specialist to help …
ABC of monitoring drug therapy. Measuring plasma drug concentrations.
Authors: J. K. Aronson, M. Hardman
Journal: BMJ (1992)

If a given dose of a drug produced the same plasma concentration in all patients there would be no need to measure the plasma concentration of the drug.However, people varx considerably in the extent to which they absorb, distribute, and e' i nate drugs.Tenfold or even greater differences tg11 | | |in steady state plasma concentrations have been found among patients 0 .ttreated with the same dose of important drugs such as phenytoin, warfarin, and digoxin.The following are some of the many reasons for these differences.Formulation-Some drugs-for example, digoxin-are better absorbed Plasma phenytoin concentrations atsteadystate from liquid formulations than from tablets.Phenytoin toxicity has been ~~~~~~~~r eported after a chemical change in a supposedly inert excipient (calcium sulphate to calcium lactose) in phenytoin capsules.from subjet to subjct.bydGenet v -For example, in some people drugs are acetylated slowly, in others they are acetylated quickly.Drugs whose metabolism is affected by acetylation include hydralazine, procainamide, and isoniazid.Plasma phenytoin concentrations at steady state i Environmental variation-For example, smoking increases the rate of relation to total daily dose.At all dosages there are clearance of theophylline.large variations in mean steady state concentration Effects ofdisease-The pharmacokinetics of some drugs may be altered from subject to subject.by disease-for example, renal impairment decreases the rate of elimination of gentamicin, digoxin, and lithium.In patients with hepatic disease the Factor thatmodifydrug lasmametabolism of drugs such as phenytoin and carbamazepine may be reduced, Factorsthat moify dru plasmaresulting in increased plasma concentrations.concentration for a given dose Drug interactions-For example, quinidine and verapamil increase the * Drug formulation plasma concentration of digoxin by interfering with its renal elimination; * Drug interactions diuretics increase the plasma concentration of lithium by interfering with its * Environmental factors renal excretion. * Genetic variationMeasuring the plasma concentration of a drug allows the doctor to tailor the dosage to the individual patient and to obtain the maximum therapeutic effect with minimal risk of toxicity.
Etanercept for the treatment of severe childhood psoriasis
Authors: M. Papoutsaki, A. Costanzo, A. Mazzotta, T. Gramiccia, R. Soda, S. Chimenti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Etanercept for the treatment of severe childhood psoriasis Get access M. Papoutsaki, M. Papoutsaki Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Costanzo, A. Costanzo Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Mazzotta, A. Mazzotta Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Gramiccia, T. Gramiccia Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Soda, R. Soda Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Chimenti S. Chimenti Department of Dermatology, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy E‐mail: marinapapoutsaki@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 154, Issue 1, 1 January 2006, Pages 181–183, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06982.x Published: 01 January 2006
Douglas Keith MacTaggart
Authors: N R MacTaggart, I D MacTaggart
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former community health physician Bury and Torbay (b Darjeeling, India, 1922; q Aberdeen 1949; MA, DPH, FFCM), d 16 January 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




He studied history at Aberdeen University before reading medicine. In 1954 he became medical officer of health for Paignton and Brixham and in 1957 for Torquay. In 1968 he became medical officer of health for Torbay and in 1980 community health physician for Bury. During the 1950s he sat his Bar exams and became a member of Gray's Inn. In 1974 he became port medical officer for Torbay as well as community health physician. A severe stroke in 1988 left him paralysed on his right side and unable to speak. He leaves a wife, June; two sons; and four grandchildren.
Treatment and prognostic impact of transient leukemia in neonates with Down syndrome
Authors: Jan-Henning Klusmann, Ursula Creutzig, Martin Zimmermann, Michael Dworzak, Norbert Jorch, Claudia Langebrake, Arnulf Pekrun, Katarina Macakova-Reinhardt, Dirk Reinhardt
Journal: Blood (2008)
Diagnosis of Cystinosis by Rectal Biopsy
Authors: Philip G. Holtzapple, Myron Genel, William C. Yakovac, Klaus Hummeler, Stanton Segal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

CHILDHOOD cystinosis is an inherited disease presenting in the first year of life with polyuria, polydipsia, vomiting and dehydration with underlying renal tubule dysfunction resulting in glycosuria, phosphaturia, aminoaciduria and metabolic acidosis. The disease is characterized pathologically by deposition of cystine crystals in various tissues, primarily in reticuloendothelial cells of lung, liver, spleen, kidney and small intestine. The crystals can usually be found in the corneal stroma by slit-lamp examination before the clinical picture develops, and indeed the diagnosis is usually made by visualization of the crystals in the cornea. The diagnosis may also be established by the finding of . . .
Quantitative Lung Scans for Prediction of Post-Radiotherapy Pulmonary Function
Authors: PHILIP J. MOLDOFSKY, JAMES H. RUBENSTEIN, MELVYN P. RICHTER, LAWRENCE J. SOLIN, ROBERT A. GATENBY, GEORGE J. BRODER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Quantitative perfusion scans were used to predict the proportion of pulmonary function lost by inclusion of lung in radiotherapy fields. Nineteen patients receiving radiotherapy for carcinoma of the lung had pulmonary function evaluated by forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) prior to and following radiotherapy. FEV1 measurement followed initiation of radiotherapy from two to 18 months (mean: seven months). Prior to radiotherapy quantitative lung scans were performed with Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin. On images acquired by computer, the radiotherapy field was drawn as a region of interest (ROI) and the proportion of count within this ROI relative to total lung count was determined. The total FEV1 was apportioned by the ROI ratio of count excluded from radiation ROI to total count in lungs to predict the FEV1 expected to be remaining after radiotherapy. In only two cases was the measured post-therapy FEV1 less than predicted (and then, by only 2% and 5%, respectively). The data indicate that quantitative perfusion lung scans can be used to predict conservatively the pulmonary function that may be expected to remain post-radiotherapy. Therapy fields may be adjusted in patients with underlying compromised pulmonary function to conserve a pre-selected FEV1.
Gene Therapy for Aromatic <scp>l</scp> -Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency
Authors: Wuh-Liang Hwu, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Sheng-Hong Tseng, Kai-Yuan Tzen, Ni-Chung Lee, Yin-Hsiu Chien, Richard O. Snyder, Barry J. Byrne, Chun-Hwei Tai, Ruey-Meei Wu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

Gene therapy can restore some motor function in patients with aromatic l -amino acid decarboxylase deficiency.
Nucleocytoplasmic connections and deafness
Authors: Howard J. Worman, Neil Segil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex connects the nuclear lamina to the cytoskeleton, in part to aid in nuclear positioning. Mutations in genes encoding LINC complex and lamina components cause a range of human diseases. In this issue of the JCI, Horn et al. report that mutations in the gene SYNE4 encoding the LINC complex protein nesprin-4 lead to progressive high-frequency hearing loss. Further, in mice deficient in nesprin-4 and Sun1, another LINC complex component, outer hair cells of the cochlea form normally during development, but die in the early postnatal weeks. These results link improper nuclear positioning specifically to the death of outer hair cells in the organ of Corti and ultimately to deafness.
345 Albuterol aerosol vs dry powder(ventolin rotacaps®) for treatment of asthma in children
Authors: EA Bronsky, CT Furukawa, J Grossman, JP Kemp, RF Lemanske, LE Mansfield, SA Murphy, PH Ratner, SL Spector, DG Tinkelman, ME Reese, PR Rogenes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
BMA meeting: More than three quarters of people think NHS funds should be protected from spending cuts
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Seventy seven per cent of people think that cuts should be made in departments other than the Department of Health to maintain funding of the NHS, a public opinion poll conducted on behalf of the BMA indicates.

In the poll of 1071 members of the public in five cities across the United Kingdom, 40% thought that taxes should be raised to avoid ending growth in the NHS. Earlier this month managers warned that …
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Elderly Hospital In-patients
Authors: R. V. Boyd, B. I. Hoffbrand
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The risk of fatal infections of B virus occurring in man as a result of the handling of monkeys or monkey tissue is very slight.It is important, however, in laboratories where monkeys are used to take precautions to protect the' personnel from this infection.The precautions taken in our laboratory have been outlined and may be useful for those who are not familiar with the handling of monkeys.
Thyroid disease and pregnancy.
Authors: R T Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1978)

associated-as is now becoming apparent.Indeed, the situation with regard to both B27 and B5 associations may vary in different parts of the world.In our patients with Behqet's triad, two out of four are B5 positive and one out of four is B27 positive.Of those with "definite" Behqet's disease (by the criteria of Mason and Barnes5), two out of 11 are B5 positive and only one out of 11 is B27 positive.The connection with the B5 antigen seems less strong than in Turkey but further work is necessary to clarify the position.The criteria of Mason and Barnes are valuable in indicating some measure of diagnostic certainty.Patients with the triad of symptoms undoubtedly have Behqet's syn- drome.But some patients satisfy their criteria at the "definite" level without the concurrence of mouth and genital ulceration which I would now regard as obligatory.Nor would I attach much importance to the presence or absence of a family history.Thus the stated prevalence rate of 0 064 per 10 000 can be only an estimate of the disorder's prevalence: it may be a slight overestimate.In any event it contrasts markedly with the Japanese finding of 1 in 10 000.