tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION IN LEUKOCYTE LYSOSOMES
Authors: Winnifred Seegers, Aaron Janoff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

The mast cell-rupturing component present in the lysosomes of rabbit exudate PMN neutrophil leukocytes has been identified and some of its physical and chemical properties have been described. The active agent is a low molecular weight (1200 to 2400) polypeptide containing a relatively large proportion of the basic amino acid, arginine. It is thermostable and dialyzable, and does not cause contraction of the isolated guinea pig ileum. The mast cell-rupturing activity of the agent is destroyed by trypsin. A second permeability factor with a larger molecular weight is present in crude extracts of PMN granules. Although this substance does not lyse mast cells, it is capable of evoking delayed permeability responses in rabbit skin.
Immunology: Basic Processes
Authors: William R. Jarvis
Journal: JAMA (1985)

During the past decade a large number of immunology books have been written for undergraduate, medical, nursing, and medical technology students. This small book is a wellwritten and successful attempt to cover basic immunologic processes and to link abnormalities in these processes to disease. The author covers such topics as immunogenetics, antigen and antibody formation, antigen-antibody interaction, the complement system, and immunomodulation. The book succeeds in providing a clear understanding of the basic concepts that underlie humoral and cell-mediated immunity and their disorders. Extensive use is made of clinical examples that illustrate the immune abnormalities. In general, this book is clearly written, and the frequent use of imaginative figures and tables clarifies complex immunologic processes for the reader. Although the text does not include references, a suggested reading list at the end of each chapter is provided. As with many multiauthored texts, certain concepts are repeated in different chapters; however,
Risk of early death in extremely overweight young men.
Authors: S Sonne-Holm, T I Sorensen, U Christensen
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The effect of pronounced obesity in youth on later mortality was studied in 1239 men with extreme overweight, defined as a weight/height 2 greater than or equal to 31 kg/m2, in the population of 331 919 men liable for military service in the Copenhagen area during the period 1943-1977. A random sample of 2948 drawn from the remaining study population served as a control group. All men were followed up until November 1980, by which time 33 deaths had occurred among the extremely overweight subjects compared with 89 in the control group. This gave a mortality ratio (observed to expected number of deaths) of 1.14 (95% confidence limit 0.91-1.40) for controls with a significantly greater mortality of 1.73 (95% confidence limit 1.20-2.41) for obese subjects. The relative risk, estimated from the survival time distributions, was fairly constant around 1.6 throughout the 37 years of observation. Taking into account age at and year of entry in a regression analysis did not change the relative mortality risk. The proportion of natural death was significantly higher in the obese group than in the control group until the age of 30 but not thereafter. Pronounced obesity in youth is a health hazard, manifesting itself particularly in a distinct increase in mortality from natural causes in early adulthood.
Combined class I antiarrhythmic agents have differential effects on tonic and use dependent block of maximum rate of depolarisation of action potentials in guinea pig cardiac muscle
Authors: J.-i. Nitta, A. Sunami, T. Furukawa, F. Marumo, T. Sawanobori, M. Hiraoka
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Combined class I antiarrhythmic agents have differential effects on tonic and use dependent block of maximum rate of depolarisation of action potentials in guinea pig cardiac muscle Get access Jun-ichi Nitta, Jun-ichi Nitta Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Correspondence to Dr Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Akihiko Sunami, Akihiko Sunami Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tetsushi Furukawa, Tetsushi Furukawa Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fumiaki Marumo, Fumiaki Marumo Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tohru Sawanobori, Tohru Sawanobori Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Masayasu Hiraoka Masayasu Hiraoka Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan - Second Department of Internal Medicine: J Nitta, F Marumo; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Medical Research Institute: A Sunami, T Furukawa, T Sawanobori, M Hiraoka. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 5, May 1992, Pages 462–469, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.5.462 Published: 01 May 1992 Article history Received: 11 December 1991 Accepted: 18 December 1991 Published: 01 May 1992
ANGIOGRAPHIC MAXIMAL LUMINAL DIAMETER AND APPROPRIATE DEPLOYMENT OF THE EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING BIORESORBABLE VASCULAR SCAFFOLD AS ASSESSED BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Josep Gomez-Lara, Roberto Diletti, Salvatore Brugaletta, Yoshinobu Onuma, Leif Thuesen, Dougal McClean, Jacques Koolen, Hector M. Garcia-Garcia, Patrick Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 875: Hematopoietic deficiency of Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 Affects CCR2 function and Attenuates Plaque Leukocyte Accumulation in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice
Authors: Saskia C De Jager, Beatriz Bermudez, Ilze Bot, Francisco J Muriana, Theo J van Berkel, Se J Lee, Rocio Abia, Erik A Biessen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) is a distant member of the transforming growth factor β family with alleged anti-inflammatory activity that acts through an unknown receptor. Recently it was shown that elevated MIC-1 serum levels are an independent risk factor for atherothrombosis. In this study we have therefore addressed the involvement of hematophoietic MIC-1 in atherogenesis. LDLr−/− mice were lethally irradiated and 24 hours later transplanted with either MIC1−/− or littermate bone marrow. The animals were allowed to recover for 6 weeks and placed on a high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks after which lesions were analyzed. Contrary to our expectations, plaque burden in the aortic sinus of MIC1−/− chimeras was similar to that in littermate controls. However plaque cellularity was markedly decreased in MIC1−/− chimeras (−31%, P = 0.003), which was completely attributable to reduced macrophage infiltration (−32%, P = 0.047). As MIC1−/− chimeras also displayed reduced circulating monocytes levels (−37%; P = 0.04) we turned our attention to CCR2. Expression of CCR2 was significantly decreased in PBMC and peritoneal leukocytes, possibly explaining the reduced chemotactic capacity of these subsets in MIC-1 deficiency. In keeping with these in vivo findings, in vitro macrophage migration confirmed the chemotactic properties of MIC-1(+102%; P = 0.001). Interestingly MIC-1 did not augment MCP-1 induced migration (P = 0.7), nor did it induce chemotaxis in CCR2 deficient macrophages (P = 0.3). These findings point to a direct signaling of MIC-1 to CCR2. Besides chemotaxis, MIC-1 deficiency also resulted in a relative enrichment in circulating regulatory T cells in MIC1−/− chimeras. In conclusion, we are the first to demonstrate a regulatory role of MIC-1 in macrophage migration to sites of inflammation, such as the atherosclerotic plaque, possibly via modulating CCR2 function. Moreover MIC-1 appears to inhibit regulatory T cell responses, thereby prolonging already established immunogenic responses. While further characterization of the underlying pathways is still awaited, our data suggest that focal inhibition of MIC-1 signaling will improve plaque stability by impairing CCR2 activity and re-enforcing regulatory T cell responses.
Targeted delivery of immunogenic antigen to the tumor microenvironment after irradiation facilitates tumor control
Authors: Tc Wu, Chien-Fu Hung
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Tumor control by radiation therapy (RT) acts beyond direct RT-induced cell death and has the ability to stimulate a systemic anti-tumor immune response through antigen release and sterile inflammation. However, RT-induced myeloid cell recruitment can interfere with the anti-tumor
Food Residue at Endoscopy in Patients Who Have Previously Undergone Distal Gastrectomy: Risk Factors and Patient Preparation
Authors: H. Watanabe, W. Adachi, N. Koide, I. Yazawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Food residue is often seen in the gastric remnant after partial gastrectomy, making it difficult to diagnose early cancer in the residual stomach. The aims of this study were to clarify the risk factors for the accumulation of food residue, and to study methods of preparation for endoscopy in patients who had undergone distal gastrectomy.374 endoscopic examinations of patients who had undergone distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer were compared with 2168 endoscopic examinations in patients without a history of gastrectomy. Relationships between the presence of food residue and a number of clinical factors, including patient preparation, were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Food residue in the gastric remnant was observed in 70 examinations (18.7 %), a significantly higher proportion than that found in control patients (0.3 %). From multivariate analysis, underlying diseases (endocrine, metabolic, or connective tissue disease), Billroth type I reconstruction, and postoperative gastric retention were found to be independent risk factors for the accumulation of food residue. Diet preparation (a liquid diet plus aclatonium napadisilate) significantly decreased the incidence of food residue.Our diet preparation method can be recommended as a preparation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients who have undergone distal gastrectomy, especially in patients with additional risk factors.
Patients must have single point of contact for care needs, says think tank
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Patients in England must be the legal owners of their health records and have a single point of contact for all their care needs, as part of a move towards a whole person approach to care, the Institute for Public Policy Research has said.1

The think tank’s report says that everyone benefits from a system that meets the physical health, mental health, and social care needs of patients holistically but that older people and people with long term conditions such as diabetes and heart disease would particularly benefit. It says that coordinating care around a patient is …
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL PROFILE, QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES AMONG HISPANIC PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE GET WITH GUIDELINES-CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE REGISTRY
Authors: Selim R. Krim, Rey P. Vivo, Nassim R. Krim, Margueritte Cox, Adrian F. Hernandez, Eric D. Peterson, Gregg C. Fonarow, Ileana L. Piña, Lee H. Schwamm, Deepak L. Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Middle-East Tuberculosis
Authors: A. P. GELPI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 September 1972Middle-East TuberculosisA. P. GELPI, M.D.A. P. GELPI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-3-485_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Borhanmanesh and colleagues, "Tuberculous Peritonitis," (Ann Intern Med 76:567-572, 1972) is of considerable interest, not only for its content but also because of the questions it raises on abdominal tuberculosis in Middle East populations.I had the opportunity, over 8 years, of evaluating 50 patients with established abdominal tuberculosis in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Although ascites was present in 16 of these patients, characteristically there was multiple-organ involvement, with disease of segments of the small bowel, the mesenteric lymph nodes, the liver, and, in one instance, the biliary tract. One might wonder if the group...Reference1. GELPI A: Malignant lymphoma in the Saudi Arab. Cancer 25:892-895, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. NASR K, HAGHIGHI P, and BAKHSHANDEH K: Primary lymphoma of the upper small intestine. Gut 11:673-678, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: A. P. GELPI, M.D.Affiliations: The Palo Alto Medical Clinic The Stanford Student Health Service Palo Alto, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1972Volume 77, Issue 3 Page: 485-485 Keywords Ascites Biliary system Inflammatory bowel disease Liver Liver diseases Lymph nodes Peritonitis Population statistics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE LAW OF EQUIVALENCE IN MEDICAL SCIENCE.Read in the Section on Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco. June 5-8.1894.
Authors: K. W. MURPHY
Journal: JAMA (1894)

There is a law of exact equivalence which pervades all nature. This law while perhaps most emphatic in mathematics, in music and in chemistry, is none the less true in the evolution of mineral, vegetable and animal development. The same is also true of all the various diseases when considered in relation to their antecedents. It was not until the germ theory attracted the attention of scientists or rather was brought to light by scientists that much attention was paid to the antecedent of diseases; the effect was only considered and treated by our physicians. Each separate disease or ailment must be the equivalent of the producing cause, and any remedial agent that cancels or cures the disease must stand as the equivalent of the antecedent producing it. This proposition being correct, would lead us to first consider the importance and value of a prophylactic. We all know that vaccination
Impact of EU flavoured tobacco ban on waterpipe smoking
Authors: M. Jawad, C. Millett
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We welcome the European Parliament’s decision to ban flavoured tobacco, among other measures, in a bid to curb smoking in young people.1 Importantly, however, this ban applies to cigarettes and roll-your-own tobacco only—disappointingly, waterpipe tobacco is omitted. Waterpipe smoking is an increasingly popular and equally harmful form of tobacco use among young people in Europe,2 …
Associations between Traffic-related Exposures and Incidence of Wheeze among Children Age 5-7 in NYC
Authors: S. Hsu, K.H. Jung, K. Moors, K. Bernabé, P.L. Kinney, S.N. Chillrud, M.S. Perzanowski, R.M. Whyatt, L.A. Hoepner, S. Wang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Down-regulation of Forkhead Box M1 Transcription Factor Leads to the Inhibition of Invasion and Angiogenesis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhiwei Wang, Sanjeev Banerjee, Dejuan Kong, Yiwei Li, Fazlul H. Sarkar
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) transcription factor has been shown to play important roles in regulating the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. Overexpression of FoxM1 has been found in a variety of aggressive human carcinomas including pancreatic cancer. However, the precise role and the molecular mechanism of action of FoxM1 in pancreatic cancer remain unclear. To elucidate the cellular and molecular function of FoxM1, we tested the consequences of down-regulation and up-regulation of FoxM1 in pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. Using multiple cellular and molecular approaches such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, gene transfection, flow cytometry, real-time reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis assays, we found that down-regulation of FoxM1 inhibited cell growth, decreased cell migration, and decreased invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. FoxM1 down-regulation also decreased cell population in the S phase. Compared with control, FoxM1 small interfering RNA–transfected cells showed decreased expression of cyclin B, cyclin D1, and Cdk2, whereas p21 and p27 expression was increased. We also found that down-regulation of FoxM1 reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor, resulting in the inhibition of migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. These findings suggest that FoxM1 down-regulation could be a novel 1:49 AM 8/29/2007approach for the inhibition of pancreatic tumor progression. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):8293–300]
Negative Signs and Symptoms Secondary to Antipsychotics: A Double-Blind, Randomized Trial of a Single Dose of Placebo, Haloperidol, and Risperidone in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Juan Francisco Artaloytia, Celso Arango, Adrienne Lahti, Javier Sanz, Ana Pascual, Pedro Cubero, David Prieto, Tomás Palomo
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

OBJECTIVE: Despite the clinical observation that antipsychotics can produce negative symptoms, no previous controlled study, to our knowledge, has evaluated this action in healthy subjects. The present study assessed observer-rated and self-rated negative symptoms produced by conventional and second-generation antipsychotics in healthy volunteers. METHOD: The authors used a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of single doses of haloperidol (5 mg) and risperidone (2.5 mg) in normal subjects. Thirty-two subjects were administered haloperidol, risperidone, and placebo in a random order. Motor variables and observer-rated negative symptoms were assessed after 3–4 hours and subjective negative symptoms and drowsiness after 24 hours. RESULTS: Neither of the active drugs caused significant motor extrapyramidal symptoms after administration. Haloperidol caused significantly more negative signs and symptoms than placebo on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and two self-rated negative symptom scales: the Subjective Deficit Syndrome Scale total score and an analog scale that evaluates subjective negative symptoms. Risperidone caused significantly more negative signs and symptoms than placebo on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the SANS, the Subjective Deficit Syndrome Scale total score, and the analog scale for subjective negative symptoms. After control for drowsiness, risperidone but not haloperidol produced more negative symptoms than placebo on the BPRS and the SANS. Significance was lost for the subjective negative symptoms with both drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Single doses of both haloperidol and risperidone produce negative symptoms in normal individuals. Drowsiness may be an important confounding factor in the assessment of negative symptoms in antipsychotic trials.
NHS Direct lays out plans to expand into monitoring and social care
Authors: Andrew Cole
Journal: BMJ (2005)

NHS Direct, the national patients' helpline, spelt out plans last week for a much expanded service that would place it at the heart of the latest healthcare reforms. Speaking at the organisation's conference in London to discuss the forthcoming white paper on out of hospital care, medical director Mike Sadler said that the recent public consultation highlighted people's desire for better access to health care, better information, and improved coordination of services.

NHS Direct could help achieve all of these objectives. More than two million patients a month were now using its services either on the …
Nanocarriers Enhance Doxorubicin Uptake in Drug-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Hans C. Arora, Mark P. Jensen, Ye Yuan, Aiguo Wu, Stefan Vogt, Tatjana Paunesku, Gayle E. Woloschak
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Resistance to anthracyclines and other chemotherapeutics due to P-glycoprotein (pgp)-mediated export is a frequent problem in cancer treatment. Here, we report that iron oxide–titanium dioxide core-shell nanocomposites can serve as efficient carriers for doxorubicin to overcome this common mechanism of drug resistance in cancer cells. Doxorubicin nanocarriers (DNC) increased effective drug uptake in drug-resistant ovarian cells. Mechanistically, doxorubicin bound to the TiO2 surface by a labile bond that was severed upon acidification within cell endosomes. Upon its release, doxorubicin traversed the intracellular milieu and entered the cell nucleus by a route that evaded pgp-mediated drug export. Confocal and X-ray fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to show the ability of DNCs to modulate transferrin uptake and distribution in cells. Increased transferrin uptake occurred through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, indicating that nanocomposites and DNCs may both interfere with removal of transferrin from cells. Together, our findings show that DNCs not only provide an alternative route of delivery of doxorubicin to pgp-overexpressing cancer cells but also may boost the uptake of transferrin-tagged therapeutic agents. Cancer Res; 72(3); 769–78. ©2011 AACR.
PREVENTIVE VACCINATION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS WITH B C G AND THE LÜBECK CASUALTIES
Authors: Albert Calmette
Journal: JAMA (1931)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Readers have been informed of the tragic casualties that occurred in Lübeck, in the spring of 1930, following vaccinations with a vaccine that had been prepared at the laboratory of the municipal hospital from subcultures of the B C G strain, issued by the Pasteur Institute in Paris. Before the German sanitary authorities had made known the results of their investigations into the matter, many papers were published, in which the B C G was held responsible for the mortality in Lübeck. It is now known that the B C G cannot be held responsible for these accidents. The official statement issued by the German ministry of the interior, in particular the one dated September 10, and the thorough study of the B C G vaccination, contained in the reports of experts from various countries at the International Tuberculosis Conference at Oslo in August, provide precise information.