tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3072: High-recovery multiplex analysis of circulating tumor cells by density-based enrichment, automated platform immunofluorescence staining, and digital microscopy
Authors: Daniel Campton, Arturo Ramirez, Joshua Nordberg, Anthony Blau, Jackie Stilwell, Eric Kaldjian
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is an intense area of diagnostic research that is rapidly evolving from prognostic to therapeutic applications. We applied three sequential technologies - density-based enrichment, automated immunofluorescence staining, and digital microscopy with image analysis to the investigation of recovery rates from blood containing spiked-in tumor cells as a model of CTC. Materials and Methods: Cultured MCF7, PC3, A549 and LNCaP cells were counted using Vitrotube visualization. ∼100 cells per line were spiked into normal blood samples in two experiments. Density-based enrichment was performed using the AccuCyte tube, float and collector system in a single-tube, two-spin process. Collected cells were processed with an adherence solution and applied to charged microscopic slides with a simple spreading device. After drying, slides were placed onto the Ventana Discovery Ultra automated platform and fluorescently stained with antibodies to cytokeratin, CD45, and EpCAM or EGFR, as well as a nuclear dye. Slides were scanned on a CyteFinder digital microscope and candidate CTCs were identified using CyteMapper image analysis software. CTCs were verified by a reviewer by appropriate morphology and expression of both epithelial and nuclear stains without CD45 expression. Results: In a total of seven samples the recovery of spiked-in CTCs ranged from 88 to 98% and averaged 91%. This method was successfully applied to samples of blood from patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Conclusions: Density-based enrichment combined with automated immunofluorescence staining, digital microscopy and confirmation of candidate cells by a trained reviewer, produces exceptional recovery of CTCs and can be used to assess clinical samples. Recovery of spiked-in CTCsCell line - exptSpiked-in cellsCTCs countedRecoveryLNCaP - 112711691%LNCaP - 212310989%A549 - 1868498%A549 - 212411593%MCF7 - 11099688%MCF7 - 21049288%PC3 - 2888192% Citation Format: Daniel Campton, Arturo Ramirez, Joshua Nordberg, Anthony Blau, Jackie Stilwell, Eric Kaldjian. High-recovery multiplex analysis of circulating tumor cells by density-based enrichment, automated platform immunofluorescence staining, and digital microscopy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3072. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3072
Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Patients with Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Yasushi Ikuno, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Tien Yin Wong, Jean-Francois Korobelnik, Robert Vitti, Tummy Li, Brigitte Stemper, Friedrich Asmus, Oliver Zeitz, Tatsuro Ishibashi
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Psychiatric Liaison with Neurology and Neurosurgery
Authors: Z. J. LIPOWSKI
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

A joint teaching conference organized by the psychiatric liaison service at the Montreal Neurological Institute is described as a model for imparting knowledge about psychosocial aspects of illness and disability. Examples are given to illustrate the teaching techniques and the wide variety of psychosocial problems encountered; the latter reflect the important but neglected interface between neurology and psychiatry. The author believes that psychiatry and neurology can only gain from their rapprochement as it leads to improved patient care and better understanding of psychosomatic relationships.
Altered vascular permeability and early onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in PECAM-1–deficient mice
Authors: Donnasue Graesser, Anna Solowiej, Monika Bruckner, Emily Osterweil, Amy Juedes, Sandra Davis, Nancy H. Ruddle, Britta Engelhardt, Joseph A. Madri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31), a 130-kDa glycoprotein member of the Ig superfamily of transmembrane proteins, is expressed on endothelial cells, platelets, and subsets of leukocytes. It functions as a cell adhesion molecule as well as a scaffolding molecule capable of modulating cellular signaling pathways. In this study, using PECAM-1–deficient (KO) mice, as well as cells derived from these mice, we demonstrate that the absence of PECAM-1 expression is associated with an early onset of clinical symptoms during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for the human autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. During EAE, mononuclear cell extravasation and infiltration of the CNS occur at earlier time points in PECAM-KO mice than in wild-type mice. In vitro, T lymphocyte transendothelial migration across PECAM-KO endothelial cells is enhanced, regardless of expression of PECAM-1 on transmigrating T cells. Additionally, cultured PECAM-KO endothelial cells exhibit prolonged permeability changes in response to histamine treatment compared with PECAM-1–reconstituted endothelial cells. Lastly, we demonstrate an exaggerated and prolonged CNS vascular permeability during the development of EAE and a delay in restoration of dermal vascular integrity following histamine challenge in PECAM-KO mice.
FRAILTY STATUS VARIES BY FRIED AND ROCKWOOD FRAILTY ASSESSMENT TOOLS IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH NON ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME MANAGED BY INVASIVE STRATEGY
Authors: Murugapathy Veerasamy, Hannah Sinclair, Weiliang Qiu, Vijayalakshmi Kunadian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Effects of noradrenalin and albumin in patients with type I hepatorenal syndrome: A pilot study
Authors: Christophe Duvoux, David Zanditenas, Christophe Hézode, Anthony Chauvat, Jean-Luc Monin, Françoise Roudot-Thoraval, Ariane Mallat, Daniel Dhumeaux
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Treatment of hepatorenal syndromes (HRSs) is currently based on vasopressin analogs. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of noradrenalin (NA) in the treatment of type 1 HRS. Between 1998 and 2000, 12 consecutive patients with type 1 HRS (7 men, 5 women; mean age, 54 ± 11 years; mean Child-Pugh score, 11.3 ± 1.7) were treated with intravenous NA (0.5-3 mg/h), in combination with intravenous albumin and furosemide. NA was given for 10 ± 3 days, at a mean dose of 0.8 ± 0.3 mg/h. Reversal of HRS was observed in 10 of 12 patients (83%; 95% confidence interval, 52%-98%) after a median of 7 days (range, 5-10 days). Serum creatinine levels fell from 358 ± 161 to 145 ± 78 μmol/L ( P &lt; .001), creatinine clearance rose from 13 ± 9 to 40 ± 15 mL/min ( P = .003), and urinary sodium output increased from 8 ± 14 to 52 ± 72 mEq/d ( P = .002). Changes in renal function under NA treatment were associated with an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP; 65 ± 7 to 73 ± 9 mm Hg, P = .01) and a marked reduction in active renin (565 ± 989 to 164 ± 196 ng/L, P = .001) and aldosterone plasma concentrations (1,945 ± 1,931 to 924 ± 730 ng/mL, P = .02). There was one episode of reversible myocardial hypokinesia (in a patient on 1.5 mg/h NA) that did not recur after a dose reduction. In conclusion, NA combined with albumin and furosemide appears effective and safe for the treatment of type 1 HRS.
TCT-822 Effective Antegrade Cardiac Gene Therapy with VEGF-B167 for Pacing-induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a Pre-clinical Large Animal Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Felix Woitek, MaryKathryn Hurst, Nadja Ring, Anna M. Kulczycki, Amy Lam, Jeffrey C. Powers, Abdelkarim Sabri, Mauro Giacca, Fabio A. Recchia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
1022 Allergies are not a cause of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): IgE concentrations and prevalence of allergic rhinitis in atopic, CFS, and negative control populations
Authors: A MACDOWELLCARNEIRO, P PANDIRI, S FOONG, M ALI, J BELLANTI, D CLAUW, J BARANIUK
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PARENT ENDOTOXINS AND LIPOID FRACTIONS, WITH A KINETIC STUDY OF ACID-HYDROLYZED ENDOTOXIN
Authors: Willard T. Haskins, Maurice Landy, Kelsey C. Milner, Edgar Ribi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1961)

The biological potencies of a number of lipid fractions separated from endotoxins by acid hydrolysis, including the material known as lipid A, were determined in parallel with those of their parent endotoxins, employing bio-assays based on the following dose-related host responses: fever, resistance to infection, tumor damage, primary inflammation of skin, and lethality. Without exception, lipid fractions dispersed by detergents exerted less than 1 per cent of the biological activity of the potent endotoxins from which they were derived. A study was made of the rate at which biologic activities diminished in relation to the release of bound lipid during progressive hydrolysis of Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin with dilute acid. Each of the five assays for endotoxin revealed that biological activity had been reduced to negligible proportions prior to any significant liberation from the endotoxin of water-insoluble firmly bound lipid. The major pharmacological activity of endotoxins, therefore, is acid-labile and cannot be accounted for in isolated lipids. This conclusion is also supported by the finding that lipids with activity similar to that of lipid A could be obtained by non-hydrolytic methods without diminishing the potency of the parent endotoxins.
Effect of mexiletine on monophasic action potentials recorded from the right ventricle in man
Authors: R. W. HARPER, S. B. OLSSON, E. VARNAUSKAS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

The effect of mexiletine, a new antiarrhythmic agent, on ventricular refractoriness and monophasic action potentials recorded from the right ventricle was studied in nine subjects. The effective refractory period of the right ventricle was determined by the extra stimulus technique using a pacing electrode situated at the right ventricular apex. Following this determination the right ventricular apex was paced at a constant cycle length and premature stimuli were introduced starting at a coupling interval of 2 ms greater than the ventricular refractory period and then at progressively increasing coupling intervals of 5 ms increments. Simultaneous recordings of monophasic action potentials of both the regular paced beats and the induced premature beats were made using a specially designed suction electrode catheter. The monophasic action potential durations were measured at 50% and 90% repolarisation. All these control measurements were repeated after an intravenous dose of 2 mg·kg −1 body wt. of mexiletine. The results showed that mexiletine did not significantly change the effective ventricular refractory period nor did it alter the monophasic action potential duration of the regular paced beat. The drug did, however, significantly prolong the monophasic action potential duration of the early induced premature beats and it is possible that this property of the drug may be related to its antiarrhythmic activity.
Dr. William Gilbert — England's First Great Scientist
Authors: Henry N. Claman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THERE is no more famous book in the history of science than William Gilbert's De Magnete (On the Magnet), published in London in 1600. It is usually called the first great scientific work written by an Englishman, and remains one of the world's masterpieces. It was the first accurate and comprehensive investigation of terrestrial magnetism — so thorough that little of consequence was added in the next two hundred years. Professors point to it as one of the first and greatest models of inductive experimentation, preceding Galileo, Kepler and Harvey. Like many "classics" it is more often pointed to . . .
THE EFFECT OF RENAL DENERVATION ON LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY: 1 YEAR FOLLOW-UP WITH CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Willemien Verloop, Eva Vink, Peter J. Blankestijn, Evert-Jan Vonken, P. Doevendans, Wilko Spiering, Tim Leiner, Michiel Voskuil
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Fetal origins of coronary heart disease
Authors: D J P Barker
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The fetal origins hypothesis states that fetal under- nutrition in middle to late gestation, which leads to disproportionate fetal growth, programmes later coronary heart disease.Animal studies have shown that undernutrition before birth programmes persisting changes in a range of metabolic, physiological, and structural parameters.Studies in humans have shown that men and women whose birth weights were at the lower end of the normal range, who were thin or short at birth, or who were small in relation to placental size have increased rates of coronary heart disease.We are beginning to understand something of the mechanisms underlying these associations.The programming of blood pressure, insulin responses to glucose, cholesterol metabolism, blood coagulation, and hormonal settings are all areas ofactive research.
Galileo's Revenge: Junk Science in the Courtroom
Authors: B. Kay
Journal: BMJ (2011)

This book is about bad science, particularly bad medical science in the courtroom. It contrasts good science—the science of publication, replication, verification, consensus, and peer review—with so called junk science: identified by lack of rigour, power to stir up fear, bamboozlement, and misguided certitude. The book documents landmark legal cases in which manipulative, charismatic lawyers have trampled on scientific evidence, championed the maverick, and won huge sums of money in compensation despite flawed evidence.

Examples include a successful claim resulting …
Urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2 in cirrhosis with ascites
Authors: Antoni Rimola, Pere Ginés, Vicente Arroyo, Jordi Camps, Rosa M. Pérez-Ayuso, Enrique Quintero, Joan Gaya, Francisca Rivera, Joan Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1986)
TYPHOID FEVER IN CHILDREN.
Authors: JOHN ELIOT WOODBRIDGE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Typhoid fever is the same disease, is produced by the same causes and is governed by the same laws, at whatever time of life it may occur, from earliest infancy to the frailest anility; modified as it may be, by age, by organic development, by concurrent affections, or by extrinsic causes, and probably by the quantity of poison ingested. In the child as in the adult, it is caused by the same morbific influence, which can be neutralized by the same antidotes. In either instance the patient should be regarded and treated simply as the container of the specific poison. It follows, that notwithstanding the minor modifications which the character of the disease may undergo, on account of age or other causes, that it is amenable to practically the same curative treatment in infancy as in adult life. I must, therefore, make the same declaration here that I have made
Iron Deficiency Occurs Frequently in Patients With Pernicious Anemia
Authors: Ralph Carmel
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We assessed iron status in patients with pernicious anemia. Iron deficiency coexisted as a presenting finding in 25 (20.7%) of 121 patients for whom data could be evaluated. Another 27 patients (22.3%) developed iron deficiency one month to 14 years later (median, two years). It was impossible to predict such a development in these 27 patients from any of their initial findings. The cause of the iron deficiency was identified in 17 of the 52 iron-deficient patients and suspected in another four. These findings show that patients with pernicious anemia are at high risk for iron deficiency, both at initial presentation and subsequently. Although the cause of the iron deficiency is often not identifiable, clinically important entities are detected often enough to warrant routine investigation for iron deficiency in such patients. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;257:1081-1083)
Website of the week: Road traffic injuries
Authors: K. Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2002)

If there is one message to take away from this week's BMJ it is that road traffic crashes are a spiralling cause of death and injury. They also have something in common with McDonald's, CNN, and Kalashnikovs, in that they are a hand-me-down to the developing world.

The Cochrane Injuries Group estimates that each year more than a million people die and about ten million are permanently disabled in road traffic crashes (www.cochrane-injuries.lshtm.ac.uk/). By 2020, road traffic crashes will rise from ninth to third in the table of leading causes of disease burden, measured …
Nisoldipine inhibits lipid peroxidation induced by coronary occlusion in pig myocardium
Authors: K. Herbaczynska-Cedro, W. Gordon-Majszak
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

The aim was to investigate the effect of the Ca++ channel blocker nisoldipine on the content of lipid peroxidation products in pig myocardium after acute coronary occlusion.Open chest pigs were subjected to the occlusion of the left anterior coronary artery (LAD) with or without nisoldipine. After 30 min ischaemia, myocardial samples were taken from the ischaemic area and from the non-ischaemic posterior wall of the left ventricle for determination of lipid peroxidation products.Subjects were farm pigs of either sex. In 10 pigs, the LAD was occluded without drug pretreatment; 11 pigs were infused with nisoldipine (10 micrograms.kg-1) 30 min before the LAD occlusion. Sham operated controls received no drug (n = 7) or nisoldipine (n = 9).Myocardial samples were assayed for the content of lipid peroxidation products: malondialdehyde, conjugated double bonds, and fluorescent end products. Plasma nisoldipine concentration was measured in some experiments. Following the LAD occlusion, the content of lipid peroxidation products increased in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic myocardial regions as compared to the hearts of sham operated pigs. Pretreatment with nisoldipine completely prevented these increases. At a time of the coronary occlusion, plasma nisoldipine concentrations were within the therapeutic range.Ca++ antagonist prevents the excessive peroxidation of myocardial membrane lipids which affects the whole myocardium when there is acute local ischaemia. Prevention of myocardial damage in the non-ischaemic region may determine survival of the infarcted heart.
Treatment of amiodarone induced hyperthyroidism with potassium perchlorate and methimazole during amiodarone treatment.
Authors: L. J. Reichert, H. A. de Rooy
Journal: BMJ (1989)

To exploit the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone when patients develop the side effect of thyrotoxicosis three patients with hyperthyroidism induced by amiodarone were given simultaneously 1 g potassium perchlorate a day for 40 days and a starting dose of 40 mg methimazole a day while they continued to take amiodarone. As hyperthyroidism might have recurred after potassium perchlorate treatment was stopped the dose of methimazole was not reduced until biochemical hypothyroidism (raised thyroid stimulating hormone concentrations) was achieved. The patients became euthyroid (free triiodothyronine concentration returned to normal values) in two to five weeks and hypothyroid in 10 to 14 weeks. One patient became euthyroid while taking 5 mg methimazole a day and 600 mg amiodarone weekly; the two others required substitution treatment with thyroxine sodium while taking 5 mg methimazole or 50 mg propylthiouracil (because of an allergic reaction to methimazole) and 2100 or 1400 mg amiodarone weekly. Hyperthyroidism induced by amiodarone may be treated with potassium perchlorate and methimazole given simultaneously while treatment with amiodarone is continued.
832-3 Independent predictors of multiple vulnerable plaque in 143 patients with acute coronary syndrome: A prospective study of three-vessel intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Myeong-Ki Hong, Cheol Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seung-Whan Lee, Bong-Ki Lee, Min-Kyu Kim, Jong-Min Song, Ki-Hoon Han, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song, Jae-Joong Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
IRF8 allele associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis is associated with serum interferon and serologic profile in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: B. S. Franek, S. N. Kariuki, J. Arrington, R. A. Mikolaitis, M. Jolly, T. O. Utset, M. Zervou, D. T. Boumpas, G. Goulielmos, T. B. Niewold
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Objective</h3> Alleles of IRF8 have been associated with susceptibility to both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and multiple sclerosis (MS). While interferon α (IFN-α) is thought to be causal in SLE, recombinant human IFN-α is used as a therapy in MS. We investigated whether the IRF8 alleles associated with these two diseases were associated with differences in serum IFN-α or serologic profile in a multi-ancestral cohort of SLE patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The rs12444486 and rs17445836 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IRF8 (associated with SLE and MS respectively) were genotyped with Taqman primer-probe sets. We studied 548 SLE patients (258 African-American, 147 European-American, and 143 Cretan) and 526 matched controls (298 African-American, 117 European-American, and 111 Cretan). All patients had serum IFN-α and serology data available, and had been previously genotyped at SLE-risk SNPs in the IRF5 and IRF7 loci. Data from each ancestral background was analysed separately initially, and combined in meta-analysis when associations were not significantly heterogeneous between ancestral backgrounds. Principal component analysis was used to control for proportional ancestry at the individual level in logistic regressions. <h3>Results</h3> In case-control meta-analysis, we observed a stronger and more consistent cross-ancestral background association between IRF8 and SLE at the MS-associated rs17445836 SNP than at the previously reported SLE-associated rs1244486 SNP (OR=0.66, p=2.7×10<sup>−3</sup>, Cochran9s Q=0.80). The MS-associated rs17445836 G allele was associated with the presence of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in SLE patients of both ancestral backgrounds (meta-analysis OR=2.01 (1.09–3.68), p=0.024). The same allele was also associated with increased serum IFN-α activity in both ancestral backgrounds (meta-analysis p=0.017). There was no evidence for statistical interaction between rs17445836 G and SNPs in IRF5 and IRF7 which have been previously associated with anti-dsDNA in SLE patients. No significant associations were observed between the SLE-associated rs12444486 SNP and serum IFN-α or serologic profile. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The rs17445836 G allele associated with susceptibility to MS was associated with SLE, and with anti-dsDNA antibodies and serum IFN-α in SLE patients of both African-American and European ancestry. This is interesting, given the therapeutic effect of IFN-α in MS patients, and the pathogenic effect of this same cytokine in SLE. Further exploration of the impact of the IRF8 locus upon in vivo IFN-α levels should provide insight into both diseases.