tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery and Dysphagia Lusoria
Authors: Peter D Kent, Thomas H Poterucha
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Figure 1. A 45-year-old woman had had intermittent dysphagia for two years. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 104/72 mm Hg in the right arm and 120/80 mm Hg in the left. A barium swallow revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery indenting the upper esophagus (arrow in Panel A). The results of an esophageal-motility study were normal. Computed tomography of the chest showed the collapsed esophagus confined between the trachea to the right, the carotid arteries anteriorly, and the aberrant right subclavian artery posteriorly (arrow in Panel B). Angiography showed a common origin of the carotid arteries (truncus bicaroticus) . . .
Challenges lie ahead if GPs are to meet mental health objectives
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Doctors will need to rethink their attitudes towards mental health if the government’s ambitious objectives for its mental health strategy are to be met, delegates to a conference on the future direction of services were told on 27 January.

These objectives include the intention to make a major dent in the estimated annual £105bn (€123bn; $168bn) that mental illness currently costs in England.

Hugh Griffiths, acting national director for mental health at the Department of Health for England, said that one of the six key objectives of the new strategy, which places great emphasis on recovery, is to lessen the stigma and discrimination faced by people with mental illness. “That’s not just the public but within our own professions,” he pointed out.

Clinicians have also failed …
Motherese is but one part of a ritualized, multimodal, temporally organized, affiliative interaction
Authors: Ellen Dissanayake
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Visual (facial), tactile, and gestural, as well as vocal, elements of mother-infant interactions are each formalizations, repetitions, exaggerations, and elaborations of ordinary adult communicative signals of affiliation – suggesting ritualization. They are temporally organized and enable emotional coordination of the interacting pair. This larger view of motherese supports Falk's claim that the social-emotional elements of language are primary and suggests that language and music have common evolutionary foundations.
Treatment of depression in primary care
Authors: C. v. Weel, E. v. Weel-Baumgarten, E. v. Rijswijk
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Incentivised care is no substitute for professional judgment

Patients with chronic depression commonly present to general practice,1 and they often have other important (physical) diseases.2 Although effective treatment is available, evidence suggests that patients and practitioners make insufficient use of it.3 These are important reasons to improve general practitioners’ care of depression, as pursued by the World Health Organization action to integrate mental health into primary care.4 In England and Scotland, the quality and outcomes framework (QOF) identifies evidence based interventions and provides financial incentives to practices that implement these interventions. This exciting and innovative approach to improving performance is followed with interest outside the United Kingdom.

Two linked studies look at the QOF system and the management of depression in primary care. Kendrick and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.b750) assess whether rates of prescribing antidepressant drugs and referrals to specialist services vary according to patients’ scores on incentivised depression questionnaires.5 Validated screening instruments to assess the severity of depression include the hospital anxiety and depression …
On the Methods of Demonstrating the Physiological Actions of Drugs on the Frog's Heart
Authors: D. W. Buxton
Journal: BMJ (1884)

u0"-°-HB MI 4AJRNL.fO3t. 11, 1884.to exist, and the various groups of ganglionic cells can therefore no longer be combined for synergic, orderly, or purposic action.There is no longer any harmony between the muscles which act, and their *antagonists which regulate the action ; wrong groups of muscles are called into play, which impair the action instead of facilitating it j and there is therefore useless expenditure of nerve-force, causing fatigue.The mode of production of locomotor ataxy thus appears satisfac- torily explained; it only remains for us to account for the phenomena ,of static ataxy which! are generally associated with the former in tabes.--The cerebellum, whlich was once believed-to be the seat of the repro- ductive faculty and desire, is now known to be the centre of equiiibra' tion of the body.Removal of this organ in ,an .animalcauses static!ata-xy ; the-animal cannot keep steady on its legs,.but-staggers about as if drunk.It is not paralysed, and endeavours to carry out certain 'movements but there is an utter want of precision, and -eveni the .-mostdesperate efforts do not succeed-in steadying it.The behaviour of animals deprived of their cerebellum, in fact, resembles, in the closest possible manner, that which takes place when the ataxic attempts to stand on one leg, or on both, with his eyes closed, etc. The; erroneous information which the cerebellum receives from the diseased posterior columns may, however, be, to some extent, corrected by sight; and this accounts for the fact of standing being so much more diffi- cult when the eyes are closed (Romberg's symptom), as well as for the other phenomena of static ataxy.Whether' the paths through which information is.given to the cerebellum are situated in Goll's columns, in which case the road would be somewhat more indirect, or in the direct cerebellar strands of the cord, which would carry information in a straight line to the cerebellum, we are at present not in a position to-determine.We may, however, take it as an indisputable fact that locomotor ataxy is caused by an interruption of the paths between the posterior roots and the central ganiglia of the brain, through sclerosis of the posteriQr columns, and that static ataxy is, in its turn, brought about by an interruption of the paths between the posterior roots and the cerebellum, through sclerosis either of Goll's columns, or of the direct cerebellar strands.
Ward Dressing Technique for Use with Central Supply
Authors: G. W. Taylor, R. A. Shooter, S. M. Allen
Journal: BMJ (1962)

Central supply of sterilized packaged instruments and dressings is rapidly replacing the preparation of such materials in hospital wards.With central supply, instruments and dressings are delivered to the ward in packets, and the Central Department is responsible for the cleansing, packing, and sterilization of the used instruments.The elimination of sterilization of instruments in the ward entails a change in ward dressing technique when the central supply system is introduced.Instruction in the new procedure becomes necessary during the change-over period and also at frequent intervals in institutions where trainee nurses or medical students are undertaking ward work.Routine teaching of the method is done by demonstration and supervision, but we have found it helpful to have a step-by-step diagram of the basic technique permanently on view in ward dressing-rooms and demonstration theatres.The accompanying diagrams illustrating this technique are reproduced photographically and are mounted on a stout backing (28 by 16 in.: 70 by 40 cm.) suitable for wall display.The method illustrated here is devised for a single-pack technique for standard procedures.It is based on the St. Bartholomew's Hospital manual of nursing procedures, and on valuable advice we have received from Dr. V. D. Allison, Director of the Musgrave Park Central Sterile Supply Department.The technique ensures handling of instruments and dressings without the use of Cheatle's forceps, and provides for the separate disposal of soiled dressings and used instruments.The bags containing the latter are placed in a box and held ready for collection by the Central Department.Special procedures such as catheterization, lumbar puncture, etc., have appropriate packs, but the basic layout and disposal technique remain unaltered.
Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of a mixture of two monoclonal antibodies in an ?inhibition in solution? assay
Authors: R HEIJTINK
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Two human monoclonal antibodies with anti-hepatitis B activity were investigated separately and as a mixture by means of an "inhibition in solution" assay. With this assay the capacity of anti-HBs antibodies to inhibit the binding of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with solid-phase anti-HBs (Ausria II, Abbott Laboratories) was studied. Both HBsAg of different subtypes and purified Dane particles were used. One of the monoclonal antibodies (9H9) was directed against a conformational epitope (anti-"a" like) but induced incomplete inhibition (80% to 90%) of all HBsAg subtypes; the other (4-7B), active against a linear epitope, caused full inhibition of all HBsAg subtypes except one (HBsAg/adw4). In vitro, a mixture of these two monoclonal antibodies was active against HBsAg from liver transplant recipients, including those with suspected variant viruses.
AIDING GERMAN INTELLECTUALS
Authors: S. Adolphus Knopf
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The New York<i>Times</i>, February 6, contained a letter from Mr. Paul R. Reynolds in which it was stated that one of the last acts of President Woodrow Wilson was to promise to help the German intellectuals in their present distress. Mr. Reynolds, in admiration of Mr. Wilson's magnanimity, offers a contribution of $100 in his memory to a newly formed "Society for the Relief of German Intellectuals," of which former Ambassador James W. Gerard is president and Edward R. Stettinius, of 23 Wall Street, New York, treasurer. I have not been able to learn whether this society will include the medical profession among its beneficiaries. From reports made by American physicians who have visited Germany recently, it would seem that the medical profession is the most unfortunate of all professions. Because of lack of food and coal, many sanatoriums, public and private, had to be closed,
Sweat pores on fingertips
Authors: J. Verbov
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Sweat pores on fingertips Get access J. Verbov J. Verbov Department of Dermatology, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital, Myrtle Street, Liverpool, L7 7DG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 4, 1 April 1988, Page 584, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb02473.x Published: 01 April 1988
Consensus interferon (CIFN) in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for naive patients with chronic hepatitis C: a multicenter study
Authors: Giovanna Fattovich, Irene Zagni, Eliseo Minola, Martina Felder, Pierangelo Rovere, Antonio Carlotto, Massimo Giusti, Giuseppe Mazzella, Claudio Paternoster, Sergio Boccia, Maria Lisa Ribero, Alessandro Tagger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
POSTERIOR SCLEROTOMY AS AN IMMEDIATE PRELIMINARY TO SOME OPERATIONS FOR GLAUCOMA.Read in the Section on Ophthalmology, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: H. GIFFORD
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The proposition which I wish to maintain is that when the intra-ocular tension is high, a small incision through the sclera into the anterior part of the vitreous, made immediately before the various operations for glaucoma in which the anterior chamber is opened, greatly lessens the dangers which ordinarily attend such operations. These dangers are in brief: 1, that the iris may be wounded or the incision into the anterior chamber be improperly made on account of the shallowness of the chamber; 2, rupture of the suspensory ligament with loss of vitreous or sub-laxation of the lens; 3, tardy healing of the wound; 4, failure of the anterior chamber to refill; 5, failure of the operation to immediately relieve the high tension; 6, rupture of retinal or choroidal vessels. That a small incision into the vitreous, made two or three minutes before a glaucoma iridectomy, for instance, must greatly lessen
Estrogen, Progestin, and Urinary Incontinence--Reply
Authors: S. L. Hendrix
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Abstract C5: Study of the relationship between RAR-beta2 hypermethylation and invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ruei-Siang Wu, Chun-Chieh Yu, Yue-Yuah Li, Ming-Tsang Wu, Ruei-Nian Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men in Taiwan, and the five-year survival rate is below 10%. The retinoic acid receptor beta2 (RAR-beta2) is frequently deleted or silenced at early stages in tumor progression. Most of RAR-beta2 repressions was associated with promoter hypermethylation in several epithelial carcinomas. The aim of this study is to investigate RAR-beta2 promoter methylation status in different stages of ESCC patients. Through methylation-specific PCR analysis, methylation rate of RAR-beta2 was 21.1% (15/71) in tumor cases, but unmethylated in all normal counterparts. In RAR-beta2 promoter hypermethylation cases, the methylation frequency of lymph nodes invasion and tumor metastasis was twofold increased. Moreover, RAR-beta2 promoter methylation frequency was increased with 14.7% and showed significant decrease survival rate in advanced stage. Esophageal cancer cell lines 81T, 81T 1-1 and 81T 1-4 were treated with 5-aza-dC (DNA methylation inhibitor), the level of RAR-beta2 methylation was decreased in all ESCC cell lines. Moreover, migration ability was inhibited in 81T cell line. The migration ability of 81T 1-1 and 81T 1-4 cell lines were decreased about 50%. Our findings indicate that RAR-beta2 hypermethylation in ESCC could be useful for prognosis marker. RAR-beta2 methylation may become one of the clinical therapy targets and invasion-migration markers. Citation Format: Ruei-Siang Wu, Chun-Chieh Yu, Yue-Yuah Li, Ming-Tsang Wu, Ruei-Nian Li. Study of the relationship between RAR-beta2 hypermethylation and invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C5.
Management of Gout
Authors: Irving H. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1979)

GOUT is a term describing a heterogeneous group of diseases that, in full development, are manifested by (1) an increase in the serum urate concentration, (2) recurrent attacks of a characteristic type of acute arthritis in which crystals of monosodium urate monohydrate are demonstrable in leukocytes of synovial fluid, (3) aggregate deposits of monosodium urate monohydrate (tophi) occurring chiefly in and around the joints of the extremities and sometimes leading to severe crippling and deformity, (4) renal disease of uncertain cause that involves glomeruli, tubules, interstitial tissues, and blood vessels, and (5) uric acid urolithiasis.<sup>1</sup>These manifestations may occur in different combinations. The objective of treatment is to terminate an acute attack rapidly as well as to prevent future attacks of gout, to lower the serum urate concentration to prevent its accumulation in body tissues, to prevent the formation of uric acid calculi, and to treat disorders accompanying hyperuricemia, eg,
Gaps exist between policy and reality
Authors: A. Jacoby, K. McCann
Journal: BMJ (1995)

This summer we each spent five days in hospital because of a pelvic infection. In one case it was after a minor gynaecological procedure—loop diathermy of the cervix—carried out in the outpatient clinic. In the other it was following dilatation and curettage after a miscarriage. Since one of us is a health services researcher and the other a purchaser and former researcher, we saw our experiences as providing an interesting opportunity for some participant observation.

Boldly displayed at the entrance to the ward to which one of us was admitted was a framed statement of the ward's philosophy. The now hallowed principle of the importance of good communication between staff and patients was enshrined within it, with patients, it stated, being encouraged to be active coparticipants in their own care. While we imagine that most people, doctors and patients alike, would agree that this is a worthy …
Effects of digoxin, propranolol, and verapamil on exercise in patients with chronic isolated atrial fibrillation
Authors: M. Matsuda, Y. Matsuda, T. Yamagishi, T. Takahashi, M. Haraguchi, T. Tada, R. Kusukawa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Effects of digoxin, propranolol, and verapamil on exercise in patients with chronic isolated atrial fibrillation Get access Masako Matsuda, Masako Matsuda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yasuo Matsuda, Yasuo Matsuda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Takashi Yamagishi, Takashi Yamagishi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tetsuro Takahashi, Tetsuro Takahashi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Masahiko Haraguchi, Masahiko Haraguchi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Toshihiko Tada, Toshihiko Tada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Reizo Kusukawa Reizo Kusukawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 6, June 1991, Pages 453–457, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.6.453 Published: 01 June 1991 Article history Received: 16 August 1990 Accepted: 16 January 1991 Published: 01 June 1991
Meta-analysis: Duration of First-Line Proton-Pump Inhibitor–Based Triple Therapy for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication
Authors: Lorenzo Fuccio, Maria Eugenia Minardi, Rocco Maurizio Zagari, Diego Grilli, Nicola Magrini, Franco Bazzoli
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Background: Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)–based triple therapy is the recommended first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection. A consensus on treatment duration is lacking. Purpose: To summarize the benefits and harms of different durations of PPI-based triple therapy. Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and proceedings of major meetings through May 2007. Study Selection: English-language reports of randomized, controlled trials that compared duration (7, 10, or 14 days) of triple therapy and in which adequate testing confirmed the initial H. pylori infection and its eradication. Data Extraction: Two authors independently extracted data on study design, treatment, number of patients enrolled and number of patients with successful eradication, disease at enrollment, testing, adverse effects, year of publication, publication format, and country. Data Synthesis: Of 21 included studies, 11 compared 7-day therapy with 10-day therapy, and 13 compared 7-day therapy with 14-day therapy. Meta-analysis yielded relative risks (RRs) for eradication of 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.10) for 7-day compared with 10-day amoxicillin-containing triple therapy (10 studies) and 1.07 (CI, 1.02 to 1.12) for 7-day compared with 14-day therapy (11 studies). Meta-analysis of the 3 studies that compared 7-day with 14-day metronidazole-containing therapy yielded an RR of 1.08 (CI, 0.96 to 1.22). The 7-day versus 10-day comparisons yielded RRs of 1.03 (CI, 0.97 to 1.10) for peptic ulcer disease and 1.10 (CI, 1.02 to 1.20) for nonulcer dyspepsia. For the 7-day versus 14-day comparisons, the RRs were 1.04 (CI, 0.99 to 1.09) and 1.03 (CI, 0.88 to 1.20), respectively. The RRs for frequency of adverse events were 0.98 (CI, 0.85 to 1.14) and 1.08 (CI, 0.84 to 1.40) for 7-day therapy compared with 10- and 14-day therapy, respectively. Diarrhea and taste disturbance were the most frequently reported adverse events (5%). Limitations: Subgroup analyses were limited by the few studies evaluating different drug regimens and disease at enrollment. Seventeen of the included studies had poor methodological quality or inadequate reporting. Conclusion: Available data suggest that extending triple therapy beyond 7 days is unlikely to be a clinically useful strategy.
Selectivity of a replication-competent adenovirus for human breast carcinoma cells expressing the MUC1 antigen
Authors: Toshikazu Kurihara, Douglas E. Brough, Imre Kovesdi, Donald W. Kufe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

The DF3/MUC1 gene is aberrantly overexpressed in human breast and other carcinomas. Previous studies have demonstrated that the DF3/MUC1 promoter/enhancer confers selective expression of diverse transgenes in MUC1-positive breast cancer cells. In this study, we show that an adenoviral vector (Ad.DF3-E1) in which the DF3/MUC1 promoter drives expression of E1A selectively replicates in MUC1-positive breast cancer cells. We also show that Ad.DF3-E1 infection of human breast tumor xenografts in nude mice is associated with inhibition of tumor growth. In contrast to a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector that infects along the injection track, Ad.DF3-E1 infection was detectable throughout the tumor xenografts. To generate an Ad.DF3-E1 vector with the capacity for incorporating therapeutic products, we inserted the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter upstream of the TNF cDNA. Infection with Ad.DF3-E1/CMV-TNF was associated with selective replication and production of TNF in cells that express MUC1. Moreover, treatment of MUC1-positive, but not MUC1-negative, xenografts with a single injection of Ad.DF3-E1/CMV-TNF was effective in inducing stable tumor regression. These findings demonstrate that the DF3/MUC1 promoter confers competence for selective replication of Ad.DF3-E1 in MUC1-positive breast tumor cells, and that the antitumor activity of this vector is potentiated by integration of the TNF cDNA.
Pregnancy in women with portal vein thrombosis: Results of a multicentric European study on maternal and fetal management and outcome
Authors: J. Hoekstra, S. Seijo, P.E. Rautou, G. Ducarme, L. Boudaoud, D. Luton, J. Alijotas-Reig, M. Casellas-Caro, B. Condat, E. Bresser, D. Thabut, B. Larroque, J.C. Gárcia-Pagán, H.L.A. Janssen, D.C. Valla, A. Plessier
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)