Calcium Antagonist-Induced Gingival Hyperplasia
Authors: Ruth M. Steele
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Brief Reports15 April 1994Calcium Antagonist-Induced Gingival HyperplasiaRuth M. Steele, PharmD, Arthur A. Schuna, MS, RPh, and Ronald T. Schreiber, MDRuth M. Steele, PharmDFrom William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin., Arthur A. Schuna, MS, RPhFrom William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin., and Ronald T. Schreiber, MDFrom William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-8-199404150-00006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The use of calcium antagonists has been associated with gingival tissue overgrowth [1, 2], with reported prevalences varying as follows: 0.5% to 83% for nifedipine [3, 4], 74% for diltiazem [3], and 4% for verapamil [5].Our study was done to determine the prevalence of gingival overgrowth in patients whose only known risk factor was ingestion of a calcium antagonist and to identify differences in prevalence among patients receiving diltiazem, verapamil, and nifedipine.MethodsOur evaluator-blinded, case–control, cross-sectional study was done in the hypertension, general medicine, and geriatric outpatient clinics at the Veterans Affairs Hospital in Madison, Wisconsin, from November ...References1. Ramon Y, Behar S, Kishon Y, Engelberg IS. Gingival hyperplasia caused by nifedipine—a preliminary report. Int J Cardiol. 1984; 5: 195-204. Google Scholar2. Shaftic AA, Widdup LL, Abate MA, Jacknowitz AI. Nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1986; 20:602-5. Google Scholar3. Fattore L, Stablein M, Bredfeldt G, Semla T, Moran M, Doherty-Greenberg JM. Gingival hyperplasia: a side effect of nifedipine and diltiazem. Special Care in Dentistry. 1991; 11:107-9. Google Scholar4. Physicians' Desk Reference. 46th ed. New Jersey: Medical Economics Co; 1992:1781-3. Google Scholar5. Miller CS, Damm DD. Incidence of verapamil-induced gingival hyperplasia in a dental population. J Periodontol. 1992; 63:453-6. Google Scholar6. Angelopoulos AP, Goaz PW. Incidence of diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1972; 34:898-906. Google Scholar7. Seymour RA. Calcium channel blockers and gingival overgrowth. Br Dent J. 1991; 170:376-9. Google Scholar8. Hancock RH, Swan RH. Nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. Report of a case treated by controlling plaque. J Clin Periodontol. 1992; 19:12-4. Google Scholar9. Heijl L, Sundin Y. Nitrendipine-induced gingival overgrowth in dogs. J Periodontol. 1988; 60:104-12. Google Scholar10. Slavin J, Taylor J. Cyclosporin, nifedipine, and gingival hyperplasia (Letter). Lancet. 1987; 2:739. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin.Corresponding Author: Ruth M. Steele, PharmD, Department of Pharmacy, Cook County Hospital, 1900 West Polk, Suite 552, Chicago, IL 60612.Acknowledgments: The authors thank John Tsunehiro, DDS, William Ricks, DDS, and Greg Paprocki, DDS, of the Department of Dentistry at William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital for their technical support and the Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service for editorial assistance. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAssociations of toothbrushing behaviour with risks of vascular and nonvascular diseases in Chinese adultsAdverse Effects of Medications on Periodontal TissuesDrug discovery for periodontitisGingival fibromatosis: clinical, molecular and therapeutic issuesCalcium Antagonists (Calcium Channel Blockers)Diltiazem☆Une hyperplasie gingivale inhabituellePattern of Gingival Overgrowth among Patients on Antihypertensive Pharmacotherapy at a Nairobi Hospital in KenyaTwo cases of drug-induced gingival overgrowth that improved with periodontal initial therapyDrug-induced gingival overgrowth: a study in the French Pharmacovigilance DatabaseGingival enlargementThe Oral Cavity and LipsDiltiazemGingival Hyperplasia Associated with the Administration of Amlodipine to Dogs with Degenerative Valvular Disease (2004-2008)Hypertension in practice: towards the year 2010ReferencesPharmacologic and Therapeutic Considerations in Hypertension Therapy With Calcium Channel Blockers: Focus on VerapamilPathologie buccodentaire et sa prise en charge chez les insuffisants rénaux chroniquesEffect of phenytoin on collagen accumulation by human gingival fibroblasts exposed to TNF-alphain vitroFelodipine-Influenced Gingival Enlargement in an Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetic PatientPrevalence and risk of gingival overgrowth in patients treated with diltiazem or verapamilOn the relation of nitric oxide to nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia and impaired submandibular glands function in rats in vivoCalcium AntagonistsGingival Enlargement in Children Treated With AntiepilepticsCathepsin-L, a Key Molecule in the Pathogenesis of Drug-Induced and I-Cell Disease-Mediated Gingival OvergrowthCalcium Channel Blocker Induced Gingival OvergrowthDrug-induced gingival hyperplasia in transplant recipientsPrevalence and risk of gingival enlargement in patients treated with anticonvulsant drugsPrevalence and Risk of Gingival Enlargement in Patients Treated With NifedipineKalziumantagonistenThe role of drugs in the pathogenesis of gingival overgrowth. A collective review of current conceptsMedically Induced Gingival HyperplasiaNifedipine-Induced Gingival Overgrowth in Rats: Brief Review and Experimental StudySystolic hypertension in the elderlyPrevalence of Amlodipine-Related Gingival HyperplasiaMetabolism of phenytoin by the gingiva of normal humans: The possible role of reactive metabolities of phenytoin in the initiation of gingival hyperplasia*Effects of Phenytoin on Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Men with Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolβ-Adrenoceptor antagonists and antianginal drugsDiltiazem/nifedipine/verapamilCalcium Antagonists (Calcium Channel Blockers) 15 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 8Page: 663-664KeywordsCalciumCalcium antagonist therapyDrug regulationDrugsHemorrhageHospital medicineHygieneInflammationMouthOutpatient clinics Issue Published: 15 April 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...