tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased plasma catecholamine concentrations and vas deferens norepinephrine biosynthesis in men with elevated blood pressure.
Authors: V DeQuattro, Y Miura, A Lurvey, M Cosgrove, R Mendez
Journal: Circulation Research (1975)

Systemic biochemical indexes of sympathetic nerve functionplasma catecholamine concentrations and serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activitywere correlated with regional indexesnorepinephrine concentration activities of norepinephrine biosynthetic enzymes in the vas deferensānd with blood pressures and pulse rates of 57 men at the time of vasectomy. Mean plasma catecholamine content was increased 66% and 60% in men with elevated systolic and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. The norepinephrine concentration, tyrosine hydroxylase activity, and dopa decarboxylase activity in the vas deferens were increased in 12%, 26%, and 17% of the men with elevated blood pressure, respectively. Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa decarboxylase in the men with elevated systolic blood pressure were increased 41% and 68%, respectively, compared with values in the men with normal blood pressure (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.02). Individual plasma catecholamine content was related directly to both systolic and mean blood pressure (P less than 0.01) and to activities of vas deferens tyrosine hydroxylases (P less than 0.05) and dopa decarboxylase (P less than 0.01). There was a weak, but not significant, correlation of plasma catecholamine concentration with serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. Raised plasma catecholamine concentration in men with elevated blood pressure prior to vasectomy was associated with increased neurotransmitter biosynthesis in their vas deferens, which may indicate increased sympathetic nerve tonicity and perhaps be a factor contributing to the blood pressure elevation.
Inherited Disorders of Thyroid Metabolism*
Authors: ERIC G. LEVER, GERALDO A. MEDEIROS-NETO, LESLIE J. DEGROOT
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1983)

THE FIRST classic descriptions of inherited goiter were made simultaneously by Osier (1) and Pendred (2) over 80 years ago. Eleven years after their reports, Garrod (3) developed the concept of inborn errors of metabolism. Our understanding of inborn errors of thyroid metabolism awaited the development of sophisticated biochemical investigative tests pioneered by Stanbury just over 30 years ago (4). Since then there has been an enormous growth of our knowledge of these disorders, which has, pari passu, greatly assisted our understanding of normal thyroid physiology. Nine major biochemical defects have been defined consisting of over 20 heterogeneous subgroups. The detailed molecular mechanism in each defect has been only partially elucidated and much remains to be discovered. This paper critically reviews our current knowledge of these defects, their biochemistry, clinical presentation, genetic patterns and methods of investigation. Their relationship to thyroid carcinoma, and the management and treatment of these conditions are also discussed.
The Third International Periodical Congress of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Authors: Charles A. L. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1899)

This delightful metropolis of the land of the sea has been the scene of interesting events to those who, during last week, were attendants on the Third International Periodical Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics—a stately title, and one which everybody of course immediately contracts into "the Gynecologic Congress," as it should be in this age of telegraphic brevity. But stately and solemn sounding as was its title many came from many lands. It was interesting here, as in all similar international events, to see Kieff and Chicago, Tokio and Toulouse, Manchester and Madrid, Helsmyfoss and Rome, Stockholm and Nice, Paris and New York, Bucharest and Brussels, to say nothing of Barcelona and Cincinnati exchanging greetings with each other, and thus widening that amity which places the great profession of medicine above personal and political considerations. It was pleasant to feel that the civilized world as represented by the most advanced
Detection of Intact rAAV Particles up to 6 Years After Successful Gene Transfer in the Retina of Dogs and Primates
Authors: Knut Stieger, Josef Schroeder, Nathalie Provost, Alexandra Mendes-Madeira, Brahim Belbellaa, Guylène Le Meur, Michel Weber, Jack-Yves Deschamps, Birgit Lorenz, Philippe Moullier, Fabienne Rolling
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

Gene transfer to the retina using recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors has proven to be an effective option for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases in several animal models and has recently advanced into clinical trials in humans. To date, intracellular trafficking of AAV vectors and subsequent capsid degradation has been studied only in vitro, but the fate of AAV particles in transduced cells following subretinal injection has yet to be elucidated. Using electron microscopy and western blot, we analyzed retinas of one primate and four dogs that had been subretinally injected with AAV2/4, -2/5, or -2/2 serotypes and that displayed efficient gene transfer over several years. We show that intact AAV particles are still present in retinal cells, for up to 6 years after successful gene transfer in these large animals. The persistence of intact vector particles in the target organ, several years postadministration, is totally unexpected and, therefore, represents a new and unanticipated safety issue to consider at a time when gene therapy clinical trials raise new immunological concerns.
Jewish Views on the Beginnings of Human Life and the Use of Medical Intervention to Produce Children
Authors: John D. Loike, Ruth L. Fischbach, Moshe D. Tendler
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1. See also Berakhot 47a that if the miscarriage occurred prior to the fortieth day of gestation, it is disregarded and the next male offspring is considered the peter rechem (the first of the womb).
Genetic deficiency of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase associated with skeletal dysplasia, cerebral calcifications and autoimmunity
Authors: Ekkehart Lausch, Andreas Janecke, Matthias Bros, Stefanie Trojandt, Yasemin Alanay, Corinne De Laet, Christian A Hübner, Peter Meinecke, Gen Nishimura, Mari Matsuo, Yoshiko Hirano, Sylvie Tenoutasse, Andrea Kiss, Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa, Sharon L Unger, Raffaele Renella, Luisa Bonafé, Jürgen Spranger, Sheila Unger, Bernhard Zabel, Andrea Superti-Furga
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Sea-Blue Histiocytosis
Authors: Ralph D. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1973)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— Dr. Silverstein is correct in his accusation regarding the omission of reference to his work, and an apology is due him. Unfortunately, an AMA editorial staff felt that the list of references originally submitted needed to be reduced by 60%, and with it went his article. It always seems easier to abide by editorial opinion than to resist it. Dr. Silverstein is well known1 to all who are concerned with this disorder, and his name is almost synonymous with the  Blue Histiocyte Syndrome.References to cells that may now be called Sea Blue Histiocytes are to be found scattered throughout the literature over the past thirty years. An overall view of these reports suggests that a heterogenous group of diseases is represented by this pretty blue cell that serves as a distinct, easily observable marker. However, several other varieties of histiocyte inclusions may be seen
Doctors lobby against closure of US agency that advises on effective health care
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Nearly 140 doctor and health related organisations are protesting against proposed legislation to block health reform and close down the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, a federal agency founded by Congress to “improve the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care for all Americans.”

On 15 July, the House Appropriations subcommittee on labour, health and human services, and education approved a bill to terminate the agency from 1 October.1

The agency funds analyses of scientific and clinical trial data that are used by the independent United States Preventive Services Task Force to devise healthcare guidelines regarding clinical preventive services such as screening, counselling services, and preventive medicines. One of its projects is …
Migraine Prevention With β-Blockers: A Placebo Effect?-Reply
Authors: Stanley Stellar
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Robert J. Gaudet's thoughtful criticism makes valid points about the difficulties of keeping a study truly double-blind. In our evaluation of timolol we did not inform the patients of pulse and blood pressure readings, and there was no reason to think that any of them were monitoring these factors. Nevertheless, we did not actually study this possibility. We agree with Dr Gaudet's implication that patients may, nonetheless, appreciate ill-defined clues that tell them that they are in fact receiving the active drug as opposed to placebo. Several factors argue against Dr Gaudet's conclusion that the β-blockers "may join the 'believe-it-or-not' ranks of other difficult-to-blind migraine treatments." In the first place, in spite of the substantially positive findings on the use of propranolol hydrochloride in migraine,<sup>1</sup>other β-blockers including pindolol<sup>2</sup>and alprenolol<sup>3</sup>have not been found to be effective. Presumably if nonspecific effects are primary, these
Select Flavonoids and Whole Juice From Purple Grapes Inhibit Platelet Function and Enhance Nitric Oxide Release
Authors: Jane E. Freedman, Crawford Parker, Liqing Li, Jacob A. Perlman, Balz Frei, Vadim Ivanov, Leslie R. Deak, Mark D. Iafrati, John D. Folts
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Moderate red wine consumption is inversely associated with coronary ischemia, and both red wine and purple grape juice (PGJ) contain flavonoids with antioxidant and antiplatelet properties believed to be protective against cardiovascular events. Acute cardiac events are also associated with decreased platelet-derived nitric oxide (NO) release. In this study, the effects of PGJ and PGJ-derived flavonoids on platelet function and platelet NO production were determined. Methods and Results —Incubation of platelets with dilute PGJ led to inhibition of aggregation, enhanced release of platelet-derived NO, and decreased superoxide production. To confirm the in vivo relevance of these findings, 20 healthy subjects consumed 7 mL · kg −1 · d −1 of PGJ for 14 days. Platelet aggregation was inhibited after PGJ supplementation, platelet-derived NO production increased from 3.5±1.2 to 6.0±1.5 pmol/10 8 platelets, and superoxide release decreased from 29.5±5.0 to 19.2±3.1 arbitrary units ( P &lt;0.007 and P &lt;0.05, respectively). α-Tocopherol levels increased significantly after PGJ consumption (from 15.6±0.7 to 17.6±0.9 μmol/L; P &lt;0.009), and the plasma protein–independent antioxidant activity increased by 50.0% ( P &lt;0.05). Last, incubation of platelets with select flavonoid fractions isolated from PGJ consistently attenuated superoxide levels but had variable effects on whole-blood aggregation, platelet aggregation, and NO release. Conclusions —Both in vitro incubation and oral supplementation with PGJ decrease platelet aggregation, increase platelet-derived NO release, and decrease superoxide production. These findings may be a result of antioxidant-sparing and/or direct effects of select flavonoids found in PGJ. The suppression of platelet-mediated thrombosis represents a potential mechanism for the beneficial effects of purple grape products, independent of alcohol consumption, in cardiovascular disease.
Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium malariae in south Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Jason D Maguire, Iwa W Sumawinata, Sofyan Masbar, Budhi Laksana, Purnomo Prodjodipuro, Priyanto Sismadi, Nurlis Mahmud, Michael J Bangs, J Kevin Baird, Ika Susanti
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
In vitro molecular reconstitution of the respiratory burst in B lymphoblasts from p47-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease.
Authors: B D Volpp, Y Lin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocytes generate superoxide in response to various agonists in an enzymatic reaction similar to that which occurs in stimulated phagocytes. We generated transformed B lymphoblast cell lines from controls, from four patients with p47-phox-deficient chronic granulomatous disease, and from three parents. The cells from controls and from the parents generated 7.0-35 nmol of O2-/10(7) cells per 30 min in response to phorbol myristate acetate. None of the patient cell lines generated any detectable superoxide. Both p47-phox and p67-phox were detected by immunoblot in the cytosol of control and parent cell lines and, as in neutrophils, these proteins had affinity for GTP-agarose. The patients' cell lines contained no detectable p47-phox by immunoblot. mRNA for both cytosolic proteins was detected in all cell lines. We generated cDNA and obtained multiple clones from two patients by polymerase chain reaction. One patient was a compound heterozygote with each allele resulting in an early stop codon. Clones derived from the other patient demonstrated only a GT deletion at base 75. The cDNA for p47-phox was inserted into an EBV-expression vector and stably transfected cell lines were obtained using hygromycin B selection. Transfected cell lines from a p47-phox-deficient patient generated normal levels of superoxide and had readily detectable cytosolic p47-phox. Thus, B lymphoblasts provide an excellent model system for studies of the NADPH oxidase, for expression of functional recombinant forms of oxidase components, and for initial experimental approaches to genetic reconstitution in CGD.
Anaphylaxis to Cephaloridine in a Nurse Who Prepared Solutions of the Drug
Authors: Kenneth Kaplan
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Cephalothinand cephaloridine, semisynthetic derivatives of 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid, have been used extensively for the successful management of infections produced by staphylococci sensitive and resistant to penicillin G, other gram-positive organisms, and some species of gram-negative bacteria.<sup>1-5</sup>These agents have frequently been employed when penicillin allergy has been present. Although a lack of cross-reaction between these classes of antibiotics has been noted by some investigators, others have described instances in which cross-allergenicity appeared to be present.<sup>3,6</sup>Since the cephalosporin derivatives may themselves induce hypersensitivity, it may be difficult or impossible to prove that a reaction developing during their administration to penicillin-sensitized individuals is indicative of cross-reactivity. This is especially so if the untoward effect does not appear until the third or fourth day of therapy or later. A reaction developing after the first dose of either type of agent in a person known to be sensitive to one is
PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN RELATION TO POST PROCEDURAL AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Polydoros Kampaktsis, Casper Bang, Harsimran Singh, Ryan Kaple, Konstantinos Voudris, Kalliopi Pastellas, Amiran Baduashvilli, Ingrid Hriljac, Robert Minutello, Nikolaos Skubas, Fay Lin, Geoffrey Bergman, Arash Salemi, Shing-Chiu Wong, Richard Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Medical Men Who Have Attained Fame in Other Fields of Endeavor:
Authors: ERNEST WEINFIELD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1930)

Article1 June 1930Medical Men Who Have Attained Fame in Other Fields of Endeavor:II, Medical Poets.ERNEST WEINFIELD, M.D.ERNEST WEINFIELD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-3-12-1279 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOn grounds of ancient heredity the fine arts and medicine should be closely allied, for Apollo, the god of archery, prophecy, music, poetry, culture, the institutor and guardian of civil and political order and the founder of cities, was the father of Aesculapius, the god of medicine.MEDICAL POETSMedical men usually are not much given to a serious cultivation of the Muses. In the case of the average practitioner of our noble art—"Life's endless toil and endeavor" with its concomitant hardships and privations, consume the major part of his sleeping and his waking hours.Let us consider those who... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Orleans, La. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1930Volume 3, Issue 12Page: 1279-1287KeywordsHeredity Issue Published: 1 June 1930 PDF downloadLoading ...
Aortic Morphologic Findings After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Michael M. Sigman, Owen P. Palmer, Sung W. Ham, Mark Cunningham, Fred A. Weaver
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is used in the treatment of type B aortic dissections. Information related to aortic morphologic findings and the condition of the abdominal aorta after TEVAR is limited.To analyze aortic morphologic findings after TEVAR for type B aortic dissections.After a retrospective database review, the data for 30 patients who underwent TEVAR from January 1, 2007, through December 31, 2013, for type B aortic dissection were analyzed. Imaging software was used to calculate aortic diameters and volumes of the aorta on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mean follow-up was 14.4 months.We performed TEVAR to cover proximal thoracic aorta tears in patients who underwent acute or chronic type B aortic dissections.Aortic morphologic findings of pre-TEVAR CT or MRI were compared with the most recent findings of post-TEVAR CT or MRI. Frequency of thoracic false lumen thrombosis (FLT) and false lumen patency (FLP) was determined and the effect on post-TEVAR aortic morphologic findings analyzed.Mean (SD) TEVAR increased true lumen diameter (19.50 [6.92] mm to 31.19 [5.36] mm, P < .001) and volume (77.92 [41.70] mL to 166.95 [69.69] mL, P < .001) and decreased false lumen diameter (29.77 [12.55] mm to 21.92 [12.05] mm, P = .001) on post-TEVAR CT or MRI when compared with pre-TEVAR scans. Seventy percent of patients experienced thoracic FLT; 30% had FLP. True lumen volume expansion and false lumen volume regression occurred in patients with FLT (82.07 [46.95] mm to 180.55 [77.99] mm, P < .001 and 161.84 [106.36] mm to 115.76 [140.77] mm, P = .002, respectively) and FLP (68.23 [21.43] mm to 128.22 [21.46] mm, P < .001 and 238.64 [174.00] mm to 198.93 [120.46] mm, P = .04, respectively). Patients with FLT had increased true lumen diameter (15.67 [6.43] mm to 26.13 [7.62] mm, P < .001) and volume (54.86 [30.52] mL to 88.08 [41.07] mL, P = .001) in the abdominal aorta after TEVAR, with no change in total abdominal aortic volume (161.94 [70.12] mL vs 160.36 [82.11] mL, P = .90). Total abdominal aortic volume significantly increased in patients with thoracic FLP (187.24 [89.88] mL to 221.41 [82.64] mL, P = .02).Favorable aortic remodeling of the thoracic aorta occurs after TEVAR for type B aortic dissections in patients with thoracic FLT and FLP. However, failure to achieve thrombosis of the thoracic false lumen negatively influences aortic morphologic findings of the contiguous abdominal aorta.
Giant Aneurysm of the Right Atrial Appendage in a 39-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Andrea I. Guaricci, Giuseppe Tarantini, Cristina Basso, Francesco Corbetti, Maurizio Rubino, Riccardo Ieva, Luciano Daliento, Gino Gerosa, Angelo Ramondo, Gaetano Thiene, Sabino Iliceto
Journal: Circulation (2007)
The Objectives and Achievements of State Board Licensure Examinations
Authors: Robert C. Derbyshire
Journal: JAMA (1966)

From their inception state boards of medical examiners have been handicapped by several considerations, not the least of which is the composition of the boards themselves. Universally made up of political appointees of either the party or medical variety, they are seldom selected with the primary purpose of finding experts in the various subjects of the examinations. In fact, this purpose is often defeated by the statutes of some states which specify that board members cannot belong to faculties of medical schools. Another factor working against the boards as examiners is that they have at least two other important functions, disciplinary and administrative, which tend to overshadow the duty of giving high quality examinations. A third difficulty has been the fact that separate licensing examinations are given by some 54 jurisdictions with little uniformity in quality, content, or even subject matter. During much of its 53 years of existence the
Calcium-dependent mechanical oscillations occur spontaneously in unstimulated mammalian cardiac tissues.
Authors: A A Kort, E G Lakatta
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

In quiescent rat ventricular myocardium, bathed in solution of 2 mM Ca++ or less, it has been previously demonstrated that spontaneous microscopic oscillatory cell motion is present and interacts with an incident laser beam to produce scattered light intensity fluctuations which can be monitored to quantify the underlying motion. The present study shows that scattered light intensity fluctuations are not present under any conditions in frog atrial or ventricular preparations, but do occur in each type of mammalian cardiac tissue studied in the unstimulated state. The magnitude of scattered light intensity fluctuations in mammalian tissues varies with species and cellular Ca++ loading. In some tissues, e.g., rabbit or ferret ventricle, either an increase in the Ca++ concentration in the perfusate [( Ca++]e), reduction of perfusate Na+ concentration [( Na+]e), or addition of cardiac glycosides was required to elicit scattered light intensity fluctuations; in other tissues, however, e.g., the canine Purkinje fiber, atria, and ventricle, and guinea pig atria, scattered light intensity fluctuations were present at 2 mM [Ca++]e in the absence of experimental Ca++ loading. Scattered light intensity fluctuations were not affected by LaCl3, or verapamil, and were reversibly abolished by caffeine. When the pCa in the myofilament space is kept constant in detergent "skinned" fibers, scattered light intensity fluctuations are not present during contractile activation. We conclude: that scattered light intensity fluctuations are due to spontaneous intracellular Ca++ oscillations that require a functional sarcoplasmic reticulum; that the potential to exhibit these oscillations is a fundamental property of mammalian excitable cardiac cells; and that, in many mammalian tissues, these oscillations are present in the unstimulated state, even in the absence of experimental perturbations to enhance cell Ca++ loading.