tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unusual skin eruption with eosinophilia associated with hyperthyroidism
Authors: J.S. PEGUM, KATHERINE GRICE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

An unusual skin manifestation of Graves disease is described which varied from exfoliative dermatitis to toxic erythema and to more circumscribed ‘fixed urticaria’. There were also lichenoid lesions. Persistent pyrexia, eosinophilia and a raised ESR were also present. Other features of hyperthyroidism included myopathy and arthropathy. It is suggested that an immunological mechanism could account for the unusual manifestations in this patient.
TWO-YEAR OUTCOMES WITH EVEROLIMUS-ELUTING STENTS VS. PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENTS ACCORDING TO LESION LENGTH AND VESSEL DIAMETER: POOLED ANALYSIS FROM THE SPIRIT II, III, IV AND COMPARE RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Bimmer E. Claessen, Pieter C. Smits, Dean J. Kereiakes, Elvin Kedhi, Martin Fahy, Patrick W. Serruys, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
CORONARY VASOMOTOR DYSFUNCTION INDICATES REMODELING TYPE OF EPICARDIAL VASCULOPATHY AND MICROVASCULOPATHY IN BIOPSIES OF CARDIAC TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: Nicola E. Hiemann, Rudolf Meyer, Stephan Dreysse, Christoph Klein, Peter Breit, Roland Hetzer, Ernst Wellnhofer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Control and management of insect populations by chemosterilants.
Authors: A B Borkovec
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Chemosterilants, i.e., chemical compounds that interfere with the reproduction potential of sexually reproducing organisms, can be used in three new approaches to insect control. In the sterile-insect release technique, the principal problem is to develop compounds and methods for their application that would not result in introducing harmful residues into the environment. Because of the unusual and often unique circumstances connected with releasing large numbers of sterilized insects, the residue problem and its cost-benefit aspects must be examined individually for each intended control or eradication program. In the direct application technique, chemosterilants must meet the same efficiency and safety standards required from approved insecticides. Combined insecticidal and sterilizing activity is characteristic for some compounds now being investigated. In the genetic technique, chemosterilants may be used for inducing heritable changes in the insect's genome under laboratory conditions, and such procedures would not present any residue problems. Only the first two chemosterilant techniques are approaching practical application, and their safety aspects require detailed evaluation and assessment.
Liver Function in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: A. J. Rosin
Journal: BMJ (1961)

MEDICAL JOURNALpatients than in a sample of the controls.In a few of them there was also a significant fall in the level of fibrinogen.The fibrinolyrtic agent did not produce any febrile reactions, but it may occasionally have caused hypotension.The numbers included in this pilot study were too small for differences in mortality to be significant.There were no definite differences in the clinical response of the two groups, nor in the evolution of the electrocardiographic changes.Detailed transaminase curves have been prepared and appear to differ significantly in one respect-namely, the peak area ratio, which is greater in the treated group.The implication of this is discussed.A more extended trial is in progress.Our thanks are due to colleagues at the Royal Victoria Infirmary and many practitioners who referred cases to us; to the following house-physicians-Drs. Ansah, Burdus, Campbell, Kinlen, Sanderson, Todd, Varde, and Waring, who gave a great deal of medical care; to the matron, Miss F.
Treatment of Chronic Depression
Authors: Jan Scott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The majority of persons who have an acute episode of a major depressive disorder will have a response to the first or second treatment tried.1 In patients with mild or moderately severe episodes, treatment with antidepressant drugs and brief psychotherapies are equally effective; in those with severe episodes, medication is usually recommended.2 The treatment of chronic depression is more problematic, since in 20 to 30 percent of initial episodes, there is incomplete remission after two years.3,4 Patients with chronic depression have marked impairments in psychosocial function, poor responses to single therapies, and very high rates of use of health care . . .
The Alcoholism Program at Hurley Hospital
Authors: Clayton K. Stroup
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Alcoholism responds well to treatment; its prognosis is far from hopeless. But to treat the disease properly, the physician needs motivation. One method of supplying such motivation is to provide the doctor with hospital beds and trained therapists. Almost invariably, the physician will then accept the alcoholic as a patient and give him the treatment his illness requires. But such a program needs a beginning. Ten years ago, a few doctors and interested members of the community in Flint, Mich, set up a group-therapy unit at the Hurley Hospital. The unit's purpose was to assist physicians in handling their alcoholic patients. At first the number of physicians admitting patients with the diagnosis of "alcoholism" was small, and group therapy consisted of only a few hour-long sessions during the patient's stay in the hospital. However, by January 1960, the number of participating physicians had grown; in one month,
Travelers' Diarrhea in Mexico
Authors: M H Merson, G K Morris, D A Sack, J G Wells, J C Feeley, R B Sack, W B Creech, A Z Kapikian, E J Gangarosa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

We conducted a prospective study of travelers' diarrhea on 73 physicians and 48 family members attending a medical congress in Mexico City, in October, 1974. Fecal and blood specimens were collected before, during and after their visit and examined for enteric bacterial pathogens, viruses and parasites. In 59 (49 per cent) participants travelers' diarrhea developed. Median duration of illness was five days. Onset occurred a median of six days after arrival. An etiologic agent was found in 63 per cent of ill participants. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli of different, non-"enteropathogenic" serotypes was the most common cause; other responsible pathogens included salmonellae, invasive Esch. coli., shigellae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Giardia lamblia and the human reovirus-like agent. Consumption of salads containing raw vegetables was associated with enterotoxigenic Esch. coli infection (P = 0.014). Travelers' diarrhea in Mexico is a syndrome caused by a variety of pathogens, the most common of which is enterotoxigenic Esch. col.
Early oral feeding in patients undergoing elective colonic anastomosis
Authors: Ayman El Nakeeb, Amir Fikry, Teto El Metwally, Elyamani Fouda, Mohamed Youssef, Hosam Ghazy, Sabry Badr, Wael Khafagy, Mohamed Farid
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2009)

This study assesses the safety outcome of early oral feeding and reports on the factors affecting early postoperative feeding after colorectal procedures. Between June 2005 and April 2008, 120 consecutive patients underwent elective colonic anastomosis and were then randomized into two groups. The early feeding group began fluids on the first postoperative day while the regular feeding group was managed in the traditional way – nothing by mouth until the resolution of ileus. The majority of patients (75%) tolerated the early feeding. The times to first passage of flatus (3.3 ± 0.9 days vs 4.2 ± 1.2 days) and stool (4.1 ± 1.2 days vs 4.9 ± 1.2 days) were significantly quicker in group 1. Hospital stay was also significantly shorter in the early feeding group (6.2 ± 0.2 days vs 6.9 ± 0.5 days). Operative time and amount of blood loss had an impact on the tolerability of early feeding while age, gender, type of operation and previous abdominal operation had no such impact. Early oral feeding after colorectal surgery is safe and tolerated by the majority of patients. Operative time and amount of blood loss do, however, have an impact on the tolerability of early feeding.
Don’t group COPD and asthma
Authors: Suveer Singh, Daffyd Lloyd, Tasneem Katawala, James Harris, Radha Sabharatnam
Journal: BMJ (2007)

We select the letters for these pages from the rapid responses posted on bmj.com favouring those received within five days of publication of the article to which they refer.Letters are thus an early selection of rapid responses on a particular topic.Readers should consult the website for the full list of responses and any authors' replies, which usually arrive after our selection. DaviD Mcarthy
Identification of <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> Peptides Responsible for Allergic Sensitization and Characterization of Functional Interactions between Cyanobacterial Toxins and Immunogenic Peptides
Authors: Esmond N. Geh, Debajyoti Ghosh, Melanie McKell, Armah A. de la Cruz, Gerard Stelma, Jonathan A. Bernstein
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

The cyanobacterium species Microcystis aeruginosa produces microcystin and an array of diverse metabolites believed responsible for their toxicity and/or immunogenicity. Previously, chronic rhinitis patients were demonstrated to elicit a specific IgE response to nontoxic strains of M. aeruginosa by skin-prick testing, indicating that cyanobacteria allergenicity resides in a non-toxin-producing component of the organism.We sought to identify and characterize M. aeruginosa peptide(s) responsible for allergic sensitization in susceptible individuals, and we investigated the functional interactions between cyanobacterial toxins and their coexpressed immunogenic peptides.Sera from patients and extracts from M. aeruginosa toxic [MC(+)] and nontoxic [MC(-)] strains were used to test IgE-specific reactivity by direct and indirect ELISAs; 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblots and mass spectrometry (MS), was performed to identify the relevant sensitizing peptides. Cytotoxicity and mediator release assays were performed using the MC(+) and MC(-) lysates.We found specific IgE to be increased more in response to the MC(-) strain than the MC(+) strain. This response was inhibited by preincubation of MC(-) lysate with increasing concentrations of microcystin. MS revealed that phycocyanin and the core-membrane linker peptide are the responsible allergens, and MC(-) extracts containing these proteins induced β-hexosaminidase release in rat basophil leukemia cells.Phycobiliprotein complexes in M. aeruginosa have been identified as the relevant sensitizing proteins. Our finding that allergenicity is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by microcystin toxin suggests that further investigation is warranted to understand the interplay between immunogenicity and toxicity of cyanobacteria under diverse environmental conditions.Geh EN, Ghosh D, McKell M, de la Cruz AA, Stelma G, Bernstein JA. 2015. Identification of Microcystis aeruginosa peptides responsible for allergic sensitization and characterization of functional interactions between cyanobacterial toxins and immunogenic peptides. Environ Health Perspect 123:1159-1166; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409065.
Endoscopic sphincterotomy without cholecystectomy for gall stone pancreatitis.
Authors: C R Welbourn, D E Beckly, I A Eyre-Brook
Journal: Gut (1995)

Fifty one patients (median age 78, range 54-92) who had endoscopic sphincterotomy for gall stone pancreatitis without planned cholecystectomy were followed up to assess the effectiveness of this treatment in preventing further acute pancreatitis. In 48 patients sphincterotomy was technically successful and none had further acute pancreatitis after a mean follow up of 26.9 months. In three patients sphincterotomy was incomplete and two developed recurrent pancreatitis. These results suggest that endoscopic sphincterotomy alone is an acceptable alternative to cholecystectomy in the prevention of further attacks of acute pancreatitis in the elderly.
Childhood asthma admissions peak with return to school
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Admissions of children to hospital with asthma peak in the first few days of school after the summer holidays, a report from Australia has shown.

Admissions begin to rise after the first day and continue to increase until the middle of the fourth week of the new school term, says research in the journal Public Health (published online 10 Aug 2006, doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2006.05.015).

“Our study …
Abstract 664: Menthol cigarettes in relation to breast cancer incidence in African American women
Authors: Traci N. Bethea, Lynn Rosenberg, Deborah A. Boggs, Julie R. Palmer
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee has found that smokers of menthol cigarettes have an earlier age at smoking initiation, less success in smoking cessation, and are more likely to be African American than smokers of non-menthol cigarettes. However, whether menthol cigarettes are associated with higher cancer risk relative to non-menthol cigarettes is unclear. Recent studies of smoking and breast cancer suggest that long-term smoking may associated with a small increase in risk, but no data are available on type of cigarette. We assessed the relative effects of menthol and non-menthol cigarettes on incidence of breast cancer in a large prospective cohort of African American women. The Black Women's Health Study has followed approximately 59,000 women with biennial questionnaires since enrollment in 1995. Beginning in 2003, data has been collected on whether cigarettes smoked were menthol or non-menthol; menthol cigarettes were reported by 64.7% of smokers who provided information. During follow-up from 2003 through 2010, 739 incident breast cancer cases occurred. In proportional hazard models that controlled for age and numerous breast cancer risk factors, hazard ratios (HR) were computed for categories of pack-years of smoking of the two types of cigarettes relative to a reference group of never-smokers who reported no regular exposure to second-hand smoke. The HR for β20 pack-years of smoking non-menthol cigarettes was 1.70 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-2.76); for β20 pack-years of smoking menthol cigarettes, the HR was 1.14 (95% CI, 0.72-1.82). Our findings suggest that, to the extent that higher pack-years of smoking may be associated with breast cancer, smoking menthol cigarettes is not more harmful than smoking non-menthol cigarettes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 664. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-664
Book: The Cultivation of Whiteness: Science, Health and Racial Destiny in Australia
Authors: J. Lelliott
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Warwick Anderson Melbourne University Press, $A34.95, pp 364 ISBN 0 522 84989 X www.mup.unimelb.edu.au Due to be published in the USA next month by Basic Books, $45 www.basicbooks.com ISBN 0 465 00305 2 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> ![Graphic][4]</img> It is not often that a book elicits an apology for past injustices before it has been published, but in 2002 this happened with Warwick Anderson's The Cultivation of Whiteness . Between the two world wars, researchers from the University of Adelaide travelled the Australian outback conducting crude research on Aborigines, including experiments on their feelings of pain, and forcibly took blood samples and body measurements. The research forms one part of Australia's highly racialised history. In apologising, Professor Cliff Blake, the university vice chancellor, said that “the tests and experiments carried out on Aboriginal people in south Australia in the name of science in the 1920s and 1930s were degrading … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Postemetic Rupture of Herniated Cardia of the Stomach
Authors: Edwin C. James
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I refer to the Letter to the Editor by Gallivan<sup>1</sup>commenting on our article entitled "Postemetic Rupture of Herniated Cardia of the Stomach."<sup>2</sup>Although this is a somewhat delayed response to that letter, I believe that there still may be something new above the diaphragm after all. Our case represents a classic postemetic or spontaneous rupture similar to that reported by Boerhaave<sup>3</sup>in 1724 with the exception that the anatomic site of rupture occurred in a herniated cardia of the stomach rather than in the lower esophagus. In postemetic rupture, the cause remains unclear, but it is postulated that the extension of smooth-muscle fibers from the esophagus onto the stomach wall results in a defective or weakened muscular zone. As we mentioned in our article, the perforation is almost always in the lower third of the esophagus, and about 90% occur on the left
From the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment
Authors: Judith Wagner
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Questions Linger About Health Premiums in New Exchanges
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Wildly conflicting estimates about how much consumers will pay for health insurance through the Affordable Care Act�s (ACA�s) insurance exchanges next year reflect politics and the complexity of the insurance market, according to health economists and insurance experts convened by the Alliance for Health Reform for a panel discussion in mid-August. The panel explained the myriad factors that will influence premium rates in the exchanges and offered assurances that fears about �rate shock� may be overblown.
Treatment of Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: W. P. Cleland, A. J. W. Beard, H. H. Bentall, M. B. Bishop, M. V. Braimbridge, L. L. Bromley, J. F. Goodwin, A. Hollman, W. F. Kerr, E. B. Lloyd-Jones, D. G. Melrose, L. J. Telivuo
Journal: BMJ (1958)
Evaluation of Disease Activity Using F-18 FDG PET-CT in Patients With Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Seung Geun Lee, Jin-Sook Ryu, Hye Ok Kim, Ji Seon Oh, Yong Gil Kim, Chang-Keun Lee, Bin Yoo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

To evaluate the usefulness of F-18 fluoro-fluorodeoxygulose positron emission tomography computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET-CT) in detecting clinically defined active disease in patients with Takayasu arteritis.F-18 FDG PET-CT was performed in 32 patients with Takayasu arteritis. Disease activity was assessed clinically by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria. In 10 of the 32 patients, F-18 FDG PET-CT was performed while the patients were taking immunosuppressive drugs. Two nuclear physicians visually assessed the degree of F-18 FDG uptake in the walls of the aorta, its major branches and the pulmonary artery using a 4-point scale from grade 0 to III. F-18 FDG uptake greater than grade I in the thoracic aorta or greater than grade 0 in other areas were interpreted as active vasculitic lesions.Ten patients had active lesions on F-18 FDG PET-CT. According to the NIH criteria, 9 patients had active disease and 23 had inactive disease. Compared with disease activity assessed by the NIH criteria, F-18 FDG PET-CT had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 87%. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRP levels were significantly higher in F-18 FDG PET-CT-positive than in F-18 FDG PET-CT-negative patients. There was no significant difference in the proportion of positive PET scans according to the use of glucocorticoids.The sensitivity of F-18 FDG PET-CT for detecting active disease was higher in patients with higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate values. Although the specificity of F-18 FDG PET-CT was high, owing to the low sensitivity of the NIH criteria in detecting active disease, further studies are needed.
Treatment of Anemia in Patients With Heart Disease
Authors: Devan Kansagara, Edward Dyer, Honora Englander, Rongwei Fu, Michele Freeman, David Kagen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

The benefits of anemia treatment in patients with heart disease are uncertain.To evaluate the benefits and harms of treatments for anemia in adults with heart disease.MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases; clinical trial registries; reference lists; and technical advisors.English-language trials of blood transfusions, iron, or erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in adults with anemia and congestive heart failure or coronary heart disease and observational studies of transfusion.Data on study design, population characteristics, hemoglobin levels, and health outcomes were extracted. Trials were assessed for quality.Low-strength evidence from 6 trials and 26 observational studies suggests that liberal transfusion protocols do not improve short-term mortality rates compared with less aggressive protocols (combined relative risk among trials, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.61 to 1.42]; I2 = 16.8%), although decreased mortality rates occurred in a small trial of patients with the acute coronary syndrome (1.8% vs. 13.0%; P = 0.032). Moderate-strength evidence from 3 trials of intravenous iron found improved short-term exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Moderate- to high-strength evidence from 17 trials of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy found they offered no consistent benefits, but their use may be associated with harms, such as venous thromboembolism.Few trials have examined transfusions in patients with heart disease, and observational studies are potentially confounded by indication. Data supporting iron use come mainly from 1 large trial, and long-term effects are unknown.Higher transfusion thresholds do not consistently improve mortality rates, but large trials are needed. Intravenous iron may help to alleviate symptoms in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency and also warrants further study. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents do not seem to benefit patients with mild to moderate anemia and heart disease and may be associated with serious harms.U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.
Blood donated after vaccination with rabies vaccine derived from sheep brain cells might transmit CJD
Authors: S. C Arya
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Janet Morgan reports that the National Blood Authority in Britain has decided to tighten the donor screening programme to exclude transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or its variant through blood donations.1 Prospective donors will be prevented from donating blood if they have a history of treatment with human growth hormone or if one of their siblings, parents, or grandparents developed the disease. I would …