tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of high-dose cytarabine and timed-sequential chemotherapy as consolidation for younger adults with AML in first remission: the ALFA-9802 study
Authors: Xavier Thomas, Mohamed Elhamri, Emmanuel Raffoux, Aline Renneville, Cécile Pautas, Stéphane de Botton, Thierry de Revel, Oumedaly Reman, Christine Terré, Claude Gardin, Youcef Chelghoum, Nicolas Boissel, Bruno Quesnel, Yosr Hicheri, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Pierre Fenaux, Claude Preudhomme, Mauricette Michallet, Sylvie Castaigne, Hervé Dombret
Journal: Blood (2011)
Psychopathic and Antisocial Personality Disorders: Treatment and Research Issues
Authors: D Chiswick
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Bridget Dolan, Jeremy Coid Gaskell/Royal College of Psychiatrists, pounds sterling 20, pp 323 ISBN 0-902241-66-4

Coherent discussion of psychopathic disorder is just about possible between two people. For any more than this number you need to lay on simultaneous translation to make sense of a cacophony of legal, clinical, and lay concepts. The legal concept comes from the arcane definition of psychopathic disorder in the Mental Health Act, the clinical from an outdated literature (mostly) and practical experience (slightly), while the lay understanding of the disorder is derived variously …
Decreased type II/type I TGF-beta receptor ratio in cells derived from human atherosclerotic lesions. Conversion from an antiproliferative to profibrotic response to TGF-beta1.
Authors: T A McCaffrey, S Consigli, B Du, D J Falcone, T A Sanborn, A M Spokojny, H L Bush
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Atherosclerosis and postangioplasty restenosis may result from abnormal wound healing. The present studies report that normal human smooth muscle cells are growth inhibited by TGF-beta1, a potent wound healing agent, and show little induction of collagen synthesis to TGF-beta1, yet cells grown from human vascular lesions are growth stimulated by TGF-beta1 and markedly increase collagen synthesis. Both cell types increase plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 production, switch actin phenotypes in response to TGF-beta1, and produce similar levels of TGF-beta activity. Membrane cross-linking of 125I-TGF-beta1 indicates that normal human smooth muscle cells express type I, II, and III receptors. The type II receptor is strikingly decreased in lesion cells, with little change in the type I or III receptors. RT-PCR confirmed that the type II TGF-beta1 receptor mRNA is reduced in lesion cells. Transfection of the type II receptor into lesion cells restores the growth inhibitory response to TGF-beta1, implying that signaling remains responsive. Because TGF-beta1 is overexpressed in fibroproliferative vascular lesions, receptor-variant cells would be allowed to grow in a slow, but uncontrolled fashion, while overproducing extracellular matrix components. This TGF-beta1 receptor dysfunction may be relevant for atherosclerosis, restenosis and related fibroproliferative diseases.
Gene expression ofN-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and V: A possible implication for liver regeneration
Authors: Elji Miyoshi, Yoshito Ihara, Atsushi Nishikawa, Hiroyuki Saito, Naofumi Uozumi, Norio Hayashi, Hideyuki Fusamoto, Takenobu Kamada, Naoyuki Taniguchi
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases III and V (GnT-III and -V) are key enzymes in the synthesis of the branches of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides. Although their messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are expressed in various rat tissues, they are not detected in normal rat liver. Expression of the GnT-III and -V mRNAs, however, increased in regenerating liver after two-thirds partial hepatectomy compared with sham-operated rats. The enzymatic activities of GnT-III and -V increased in proportion to mRNA expression. To determine which type of cells in the liver have high activities of these glycosyltransferases, hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells were separated by means of a two-step collagenase perfusion technique. GnT-III activity was only detected in nonparenchymal cells of normal rat liver. However, during liver regeneration, GnT-III activity increased and thus was also detectable in hepatocytes. GnT-V activity was detected in both types of cells. These data were supported by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results. Although the mechanism underlying the induction of these glycosyltransferases is unknown, lectin blot analysis showed that oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins, including hepatocyte growth factor, a major growth factor associated with liver regeneration, were newly synthesized during liver regeneration. This is the first report on the expression of glycosyltransferases during liver regeneration and suggests that there are different mechanisms involved in regulation of the genes of GnT-III and -V during liver regeneration.
Spontaneous Dyskinesia in Subjects With Schizophrenia Spectrum Personality
Authors: Shawn L. Cassady, Helene Adami, Marianne Moran, Rick Kunkel, Gunvant K. Thaker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

OBJECTIVE: The study of spontaneous dyskinesia in schizophrenia is confounded by the widespread use of neuroleptics. The authors hypothesized that spontaneous dyskinesia would be present in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum personality (schizoid, paranoid, or schizotypal). They also tested the hypothesis that dyskinetic-like movements would increase after repeated dextroamphetamine challenge to the dopaminergic system. METHOD: Dyskinetic-like movements were assessed in 34 spectrum subjects and 22 normal subjects; nine subjects from each group were administered both placebo and repeated dextroamphetamine challenges. RESULTS: Spectrum subjects had more dyskinetic-like movements than normal subjects. Spontaneous dyskinesia was present in 12% of the spectrum subjects but was not seen in the normal subjects. Subjects with schizotypal personality had more dyskinetic-like movements than subjects with schizoid personality or normal subjects. Dyskinesia was present in 24% of the schizotypal subjects but not in the other groups. Dyskinetic movement scores correlated with positive symptom scores. With repeated amphetamine challenge, normal subjects showed a pattern of behavioral sensitization (an increase in dyskinetic-like movements), but spectrum subjects showed an abnormal response (fewer dyskinetic-like movements). CONCLUSIONS: Dyskinesia and dyskinetic-like movements are more common in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum personality (primarily schizotypal) than in normal subjects and are related to positive symptoms. A failure of normal behavioral sensitization mechanisms after dextroamphetamine challenge is seen in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum personality. (Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:70–75)
Characterization of Common CYP1B1 Variants with Different Capacity for Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene-7,8-Dihydrodiol Epoxide Formation from Benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene
Authors: Eleni Aklillu, Steinar Øvrebø, Ingrid V. Botnen, Charlotta Otter, Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1), an extrahepatic enzyme inducible by smoking, is overexpressed in many tumors and catalyzes the metabolic activation of procarcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In human, CYP1B1 is genetically polymorphic and five common missense mutations causing amino acid substitution have been identified. In this study, we have investigated CYP1B1 haplotypes present in a Spanish population and carried out functional analyses of the corresponding enzymes in yeast using benzo[a]pyrene as a substrate. CYP1B1*1, CYP1B1*2, CYP1B1*3, CYP1B1*4, CYP1B1*6, and CYP1B1*7, encoding combinations of the Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, Asn453Ser, and Ala443Gly amino acid substitutions, were present at frequencies of 14.3%, 25.5%, 38.8%, 18.1%, 0.4%, and 2.6%, respectively. The variant CYP1B1 forms were heterologously expressed with human reductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and kinetic analyses of benzo[a]pyrene metabolism were carried out. CYP1B1.7, having the amino acid substitutions Arg48Gly, Ala119Ser, Leu432Val, and Ala443Gly, exhibited a significantly decreased capacity (P &amp;lt; 0.001) for the formation of (±)-benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol from benzo[a]pyrene as indicated by lower intrinsic clearance (Vmax/Km). A somewhat decreased clearance was observed for CYP1B1.4, whereas no significant differences in kinetic properties among the remaining variant enzymes were observed as compared with CYP1B1.1. Thus, genetic polymorphism in the CYP1B1 gene, as defined by the haplotypes investigated, might cause interindividual differences in susceptibility (e.g., to lung cancer induced by smoking). The results indicate the necessity to make molecular epidemiologic investigations regarding the association of the specific CYP1B1 haplotypes and cancer risk.
Optimal particle size for beta 2 agonist and anticholinergic aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction.
Authors: P. Zanen, L. T. Go, J. W. Lammers
Journal: Thorax (1996)

BACKGROUND: The optimal particle size of a beta 2 agonist or anticholinergic aerosol in patients with severe airflow obstruction is unknown. METHODS: Seven stable patients with a mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 37.9% of the predicted value inhaled three types of monodisperse salbutamol and ipratropium bromide aerosols with particle sizes of 1.5 microns, 2.8 microns, and 5 microns, respectively, and a placebo aerosol. The volunteers inhaled 20 micrograms salbutamol and 8 micrograms ipratropium bromide, after which lung function changes were determined and analysed with repeated measurements analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: Greater improvements in FEV1, specific airway conductance (sGaw) and maximum expiratory flow at 75%/50% of the forced vital capacity (MEF75/50) were induced by the 2.8 microns aerosol than by the other particle sizes. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with severe airflow obstruction the particle size of choice for a beta 2 agonist or anticholinergic aerosol should be approximately 3 microns.
Glycaemic Control in Adolescents with Type I Diabetes and Parental Expressed Emotion
Authors: Kirsteen Stevenson, Tom Sensky, Richard Petty
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1991)

The parents of 34 adolescents with type I diabetes were interviewed using the Camberwell Family Interview, a well validated and reliable standardised interview which measures aspects of family interaction previously reported as important in the families of diabetics. Contrary to predictions from previous research, poor glycaemic control was not associated with parental apathy, criticism of the child with diabetes, or marital discord. Greater emotional involvement by parents was associated with good glycaemic control. Overall, there was close agreement between parents in their responses although mothers showed more accurate appraisal of their child's diabetes than did fathers.
The environmental history in pediatric practice: a study of pediatricians' attitudes, beliefs, and practices.
Authors: Nikki Kilpatrick, Howard Frumkin, Jane Trowbridge, Cam Escoffery, Robert Geller, Leslie Rubin, Gerald Teague, Janice Nodvin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

We conducted a mail survey of practicing pediatricians in Georgia to assess their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding recording patients' environmental histories. Of 477 eligible pediatricians, 266 (55.8%) responded. Fewer than one in five reported having received training in environmental history-taking. Pediatricians reported that they strongly believe in the importance of environmental exposures in children's health, and 53.5% of respondents reported experience with a patient who was seriously affected by an environmental exposure. Pediatricians agreed moderately strongly that environmental history-taking is useful in identifying potentially hazardous exposures and in helping prevent these exposures. Respondents reported low self-efficacy regarding environmental history-taking, discussing environmental exposures with parents, and finding diagnosis and treatment resources related to environmental exposures. The probability of self-reported history-taking varied with the specific exposure, with environmental tobacco smoke and pets most frequently queried and asbestos, mercury, formaldehyde, and radon rarely queried. The pediatricians' preferred information resources include the American Academy of Pediatrics, newsletters, and patient education materials. Pediatricians are highly interested in pediatric environmental health but report low self-efficacy in taking and following up on environmental histories. There is considerable opportunity for training in environmental history-taking and for increasing the frequency with which such histories are taken.
Functional analysis of vascular dysfunction in cyclosporin treated rats
Authors: M. Verbeke, J. V. d. Voorde, L. d. Ridder, N. Lameire
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Objective: The aim was to analyse vascular damage after chronic cyclosporin treatment (20 mg·kg−1 during 10 d) in rats. Methods: The reactivity to different vasoactive agents was studied on thoracic aortic rings from control rats, and from rats subjected to renal ablation or cyclosporin treatment. Results: After cyclosporin treatment the endothelium dependent vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and to the endothelium independent NO donors were suppressed. These defects were restored after a 7 d recovery period. The contractile response after inhibition of basal endothelial NO synthesis was unaffected. Further analysis of the blunted vasodilatations not only points to impairments of cGMP mediated mechanisms but shows that other pathways are possibly involved as well. Renal insufficiency induced by renal mass reduction did not influence the aortic reactivity. Conclusions: Cyclosporin induced vasculotoxicity is a reversible phenomenon, and is not due to renal dysfunction as such. It seems to provoke a defect in the vasodilator mechanisms at the level of the vascular smooth muscle cells and most likely no impairment of endothelial nitric oxide production. Cardiovascular Research 1994;28:1152-1156
TETANY AFTER EXERCISE: A CLINICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDY OF A CASE
Authors: R. D. Lawrence, R. A. McCance
Journal: BMJ (1930)

TETANY AFTER -EXERCISE.-[M,TDHEBITSRAL245 injectioln, as a test for the immu-llilnitv pr'oduced.It will be seen thlatt only 3 ouit of 13 guinea-pigs receivinig toxoid witloimt aluni survived 1/50 of a test (lose of toxin, and ouit of 4 noue survivled 1/10 of a test dose.Of the guinea- TABLE 11T.-Sholwing the numnber of ninrea-pigs survir wing di#erent doses of tetanus toxing qilec thro to threc w(eks -5aftcr the srerond of two doses (gie!cn at fotur wzkcks' initerral) of 0.1 rein.fi tfilnts toxoid diluted to 5 c.cn. with salinec or with alumii.Number of survivals out of total tested.Toxin] in terim-s of_ __ test (loses.Diltuent Salinie.0.01% alulm. 0.1% alulm.0.01 2 ont of 4 -_ 0.02 3 ou1t of 13 2 ouit of 2 2 ouit of 2 0.05 I loit of 2 2 otit of 2 0.1 0Ooit of 4 3 ouit of 4 2 out of 2 0.2 2 out of 2 1.0 2 2outof2 2 outof3 10.0 2 ott of 2 2 out of 2 10).0 -Olt of 1 4 out of 4(over 7o0,000 AL.L D.) pigs gi--en alumiii-toxoid, nearly all surv-ived the inj-ection of toxin, anid 4 out of 4 survived 100 test doses.Tetanus alum-toxoid has proved of great servi(e iin the
Organ Procurement
Authors: Frank A. Sloan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

THE STUDY by Evans<sup>1</sup>in this issue of<i>JAMA</i>provides several important messages about organ transplantation policy, in particular about financial aspects of organ procurement. Evans documented historical rates of increase in organ procurement charges and the substantial variation among providers in such charges in a single year. Some of the intertemporal and cross-sectional variation probably reflects underlying variation in case mix and possibly variation in the technology, but it is plausible to regard other factors, such as methods of reimbursement and differences in efficiency of organ procurement organizations,<sup>2</sup>as causal influences. Evans did not assess determinants of variation in providers' charges for organ procurement. Such a study merits a high priority. The primary rationale for paying providers on a retrospective cost or charge basis, here and in other health care contexts, was that health care services are inherently heterogeneous because of differences among patients and circumstances under
Long-term dermoscopic follow-up of melanocytic naevi: clinical outcome and patient compliance
Authors: R. Schiffner, J. Schiffner-Rohe, M. Landthaler, W. Stolz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Summary Background Digital dermoscopy for the follow‐up of melanocytic naevi (MN) is becoming more common in dermatological private practice. Objectives To evaluate the clinical outcome, including the patient's compliance, in a long‐term follow‐up of single MN. Methods Criteria for the selection of MN for follow‐up: clinically suspicious without dermoscopically atypical features, or typical for the patient. Clinical outcome measures: number of detected malignant melanomas (MM) and/or atypical MN; quantity, quality, and differences in morphological changes between 'low‐risk' patients (no MM in history and < 50 MN) and 'high‐risk' patients (MM in history and/or > 50 MN). Compliance: the number of patients who joined a recommended follow‐up scheme. Results No MM was found in 145 consecutive patients (mean age 28 years, 54% female) during a 4‐year period (median follow‐up per patient: 24 months; ranging 4–45; at least three visits). In five patients (3%), seven histologically proven atypical MN were shown on whole body examination at sites other than those documented. A total of 1968 images in 177 'low‐risk' and 95 'high‐risk' MN were analysed: 37% (n = 65) of 'low‐risk' and 32% (n = 30) of 'high‐risk' MN showed dermoscopic changes (difference not statistically significant), none were suspicious for MM. Compliance, evaluated within a separate database of 303 consecutive patients (mean age 32 years, 52% female) over a 6‐month period, was only 46%, although recall letters were used. Conclusions (i) In our setting of daily routines in dermatological private practices long‐term follow‐up of a single MN seems not to be helpful for the detection of MM. (ii) A whole body examination must be done at each visit. (iii) The clinician's experience of the type and number of possible morphological changes in MN is crucial in order to avoid unnecessary excisions. (iv) The patient's compliance might be an important problem. (v) Cost‐effectiveness has yet to be analysed.
OPPOSITION TO THE NEW YORK HEALTH INSURANCE BILL
Authors: John P. Davin
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The Journal(April 6, 1918, p. 1017) states that on the hearing on the New York health insurance bill, the bill had "the unanimous endorsement of the State Federation of Labor, the Women's Municipal League, Women's Trade Union League, and the Consumer's League of New York." It ought to be of interest to the readers of a purely medical journal to hear that this bill was opposed by every county medical society in New York State as represented by Dr. Henry Lyle Winter, chairman of the Committee on Economics of the state society, and also by Dr. James F. Raney, chairman of the Legislative Committee of the state society. The New York County Medical Society had four representatives to voice its opposition. The city of New York was represented by its new health commissioner, Dr. J. L. Amster, also in opposition to that bill. These are
The NAD biosynthesis inhibitor APO866 has potent antitumor activity against hematologic malignancies
Authors: Aimable Nahimana, Antoine Attinger, Dominique Aubry, Peter Greaney, Christopher Ireson, Annemette V. Thougaard, Jette Tjørnelund, Keith M. Dawson, Marc Dupuis, Michel A. Duchosal
Journal: Blood (2009)
Another Strange Interlude
Authors: Eric A. Ravitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Ad Libitum1 August 1988Another Strange InterludeEric A. Ravitz, DOEric A. Ravitz, DOSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-3-256 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA doctor's examination room furnished with a small desk, chair, and treatment table. Ms. EARTH is seated on the table swinging her legs. Buzzing quietly on the north wall is a FLY. The DOCTOR enters. This is his last appointment of the day.DOCTOR: Good afternoon, Ms. Earth. It is nice to see you again. When was the last time I saw this woman? If she's the same one I'm thinking of, this visit is going to be painful.EARTH: Hi, Dr. Wellness. He doesn't remember me from a hole in the wall. Who's he trying to kid?DOCTOR: I... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Des Moines, Iowa PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1988Volume 109, Issue 3Page: 256-256 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Does ENHANCE Diminish Confidence in Lowering LDL or in Ezetimibe?
Authors: B. Greg Brown, Allen J. Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

In this issue of the Journal, Kastelein et al.1 report the results of a 2-year study comparing daily therapy with 80 mg of simvastatin plus either placebo or 10 mg of ezetimibe on the average change in carotid intima–media thickness in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. The study, called the Ezetimibe and Simvastatin in Hypercholesterolemia Enhances Atherosclerosis Regression (ENHANCE) trial, showed no significant between-group differences in any of several end points with respect to intima–media thickness (a commonly used risk surrogate for vascular disease) or clinical results, despite a between-group difference in levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 51 mg . . .
The Incremental Benefit of Rate-Adaptive Pacing on Exercise Performance During Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Hung-Fat Tse, Chung-Wah Siu, Kathy L.F. Lee, Katherine Fan, Hon-Wah Chan, Man-Oi Tang, Vella Tsang, Stephen W.L. Lee, Chu-Pak Lau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Implications of anti-Ro/Sjögren's syndrome A antigen autoantibody in normal sera for autoimmunity.
Authors: K K Gaither, O F Fox, H Yamagata, M J Mamula, M Reichlin, J B Harley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

We have applied a sensitive assay to analyze lupus and Sjögren's syndrome autoantibodies in 40 normal sera. Seven of these bound Ro/Sjögren's syndrome A antigen (SSA). Although this binding was 1,000-fold lower than the highest anti-Ro/SSA level measured from patients, it was inhibited by human Ro/SSA. Positive normal serum-bound Ro/SSA in Western immunoblots and binding activity was demonstrated in the F(ab')2 fragment of IgG. Affinity purification of normal anti-Ro/SSA IgG increased the specific anti-Ro/SSA binding by greater than 17-fold. This purified antibody formed a Ro/SSA precipitin and had a relative affinity for Ro/SSA identical to that of Ro/SSA precipitin-positive patients. These data demonstrate that the anti-Ro/SSA present in healthy normal donors is true autoantibody. Anti-La/Sjögren's syndrome B antigen (SSB) autoantibodies were found in 3 of the 40 normal sera, while none bound nuclear ribonucleoprotein (Sm). Finding low levels of anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB among normals may indicate that anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB occur in disease by enhancement of a preexisting immune response.