tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LecT-hepa, a glyco-marker derived from multiple lectins, as a predictor of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Kiyoaki Ito, Atsushi Kuno, Yuzuru Ikehara, Masaya Sugiyama, Hiroaki Saito, Yoshihiko Aoki, Teppei Matsui, Masatoshi Imamura, Masaaki Korenaga, Kazumoto Murata, Naohiko Masaki, Yasuhito Tanaka, Shuhei Hige, Namiki Izumi, Masayuki Kurosaki, Shuhei Nishiguchi, Michiie Sakamoto, Masayoshi Kage, Hisashi Narimatsu, Masashi Mizokami
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is critical for predicting disease progression and determining future antiviral therapy. LecT-Hepa, a new glyco-marker derived from fibrosis-related glyco-alteration of serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, was used to differentiate cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis in a single-center study. Herein, we aimed to validate this new glyco-marker for estimating liver fibrosis in a multicenter study. Overall, 183 CHC patients were recruited from 5 liver centers. The parameters Aspergillus oryzae lectin (AOL) / Dature stramonium lectin (DSA) and Maackia amurensis lectin (MAL)/DSA were measured using a bedside clinical chemistry analyzer in order to calculate LecT-Hepa levels. The data were compared with those of seven other noninvasive biochemical markers and tests (hyaluronic acid, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases-1, platelet count, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index [APRI], Forns index, Fib-4 index, and Zeng's score) for assessing liver fibrosis using the receiver-operating characteristic curve. LecT-Hepa correlated well with the fibrosis stage as determined by liver biopsy. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of LecT-Hepa were 0.802, 59.6%, and 89.9%, respectively, for significant fibrosis; 0.882, 83.3%, and 80.0%, respectively, for severe fibrosis; and 0.929, 84.6%, and 88.5%, respectively, for cirrhosis. AUC scores of LecT-Hepa at each fibrosis stage were greater than those of the seven aforementioned noninvasive tests and markers. Conclusion : The efficacy of LecT-Hepa, a glyco-marker developed using glycoproteomics, for estimating liver fibrosis was demonstrated in a multicenter study. LecT-Hepa given by a combination of the two glyco-parameters is a reliable method for determining the fibrosis stage and is a potential substitute for liver biopsy. (Hepatology 2012)
Middle Mediastinal Lesion
Authors: James C. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>Common</h3> Aneurysm of aorta or major arteries; right aortic arch Azygos vein enlargement Bronchogenic cyst Esophageal lesion (eg, leiomyoma, carcinoma, achalasia, varices) Hiatal hernia Lymph node enlargement Thyroid tumor <h3>Uncommon</h3> Chemodectoma Enteric cyst Hematoma Sclerosing inflammatory mass; mediastinal abscess or fibrosis Mesenchymal tumor Pancreatic pseudocyst Parathyroid tumor Tracheal tumor or cyst Vagus or phrenic neurinoma <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Bronchogenic cyst. <h3>Comment</h3> In analyzing the gamut of this case, the retrocardiac position of the mediastinal mass is especially helpful, since this location effectively excludes such possibilities as large azygos vein, thyroid tumor, tracheal tumor or cyst, and parathyroid tumor. Lymph node enlargement is the most common cause of a middle mediastinal mass, but enlarged mediastinal nodes will usually be found around the carina tracheae or in the paratracheal area and are frequently accompanied by a more generalized adenopathy, including the parahilar nodes. Hiatal hernia occurs in the retrocardiac area
Functional Variant in Methionine Synthase Reductase Intron-1 Significantly Increases the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in the Han Chinese Population
Authors: Jian-Yuan Zhao, Xue-Yan Yang, Xiao-Hong Gong, Zhuo-Ya Gu, Wen-Yuan Duan, Jue Wang, Zhi-Zhou Ye, Hong-Bing Shen, Kai-Hu Shi, Jia Hou, Guo-Ying Huang, Li Jin, Bin Qiao, Hong-Yan Wang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Homocysteine is known to be an independent risk factor for congenital heart disease (CHD). Methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) is essential for the adequate remethylation of homocysteine, which is the dominant pathway for homocysteine removal during early embryonic development.Here, we report that the c.56+781 A>C (rs326119) variant of intron-1 of MTRR significantly increases the risk of CHD in the Han Chinese population. In 3 independent case-control studies involving a total of 2340 CHD patients and 2270 healthy control participants from different geographic areas, we observed that patients carrying the heterozygous AC and homozygous CC genotype had a 1.40-fold (odds ratio=1.40; P=2.32×10(-7)) and 1.84-fold (odds ratio=1.84; P=2.3×10(-11)) increased risk, respectively, of developing CHD than those carrying the wild-type AA genotype. Both in vivo quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of MTRR mRNA in cardiac tissue samples from CHD patients and in vitro luciferase assays in transfected cells demonstrated that the c.56+781 C allele profoundly decreased MTRR transcription. Further analysis demonstrated that the c.56+781 C allele manifested reduced CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α binding affinity. In addition, healthy individuals with the homozygous CC genotype had significantly elevated levels of plasma homocysteine compared with the wild-type AA carriers.We have demonstrated that the MTRR c.56+781 A>C variant is an important genetic marker for increased CHD risk because this variant results in functionally reduced MTRR expression at the transcriptional level. Our results accentuate the significance of functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in noncoding regions of the homocysteine/folate metabolism pathway core genes for their potential contributions to the origin of CHD.
Abstract 290: Use of serum and tissue biomarker analysis embedded in a phase II clinical trial of cytarabine in castration-refractory prostate cancer to investigate prostate cancer biology
Authors: Neesha Dhani, Urban Emmeneger, Srikala Sridhar, Jennifer Knox, Ian Tannock, John Day, Jonathon Manthe, Jack Groskopf, Anthony M. Joshua
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Other than the androgen receptor, the TMPRSS2-ERG genomic aberrations in prostate cancer provide the first recent opportunity to target therapy in castration refractory prostate cancer (CRPC). We initiated a phase 2 clinical trial of cytarabine in docetaxel refractory CRPC on the basis of microarray, in vitro and case report evidence that cytarabine may be particularly effective in men harbouring abnormalities of the ERG oncogenes. Embedded in this clinical trial was the first use of blood mRNA levels of prostate cancer related genes as biomarkers of response and prognosis. Methods: Patients with docetaxel refractory progressive CRPC received intravenous cytarabine at doses between 1g/m2- 0.25 g/m2 q3 weekly. Responses were defined according to PCWG2C. 10 patients were enrolled between June 2007 and January 2010. TMPRSS2:ERG, PSA and PCA3 mRNA copies in whole blood collected with PAXgene tubes at the beginning of each cycle and at trial termination were quantified using transcription-mediated amplification assays. The prototype TMPRSS2:ERG assay detects the gene fusion isoform TMPRSS2 exon1 to ERG exon4. Results: No patients demonstrated a serum PSA response (PCWG2C). The average number of cycles administered was 2.6. Significant toxicities including grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia (2) and grade 3-4 neutropenia (3). These toxicities necessitated several dose reductions in the protocol, however most patients were removed from trial for serum PSA progression alone. PCA3 and PSA mRNAs were detectable in 8/10 and 9/10 cases, respectively; there was no correlation between serum PSA and PCA3 or PSA mRNA copy levels in blood. Testing for TMPRSS2:ERG in blood was able to predict the presence or absence of the TMPRSS2-ERG rearrangement in 9/10 cases when compared to 3 colour FISH carried out on baseline biopsies/ prostatectomies (2/10 positive for Exon 4:Exon 1 deletion). Conclusions: Cytarabine administation is ineffective in docetaxel refractory CRPC. Blood mRNA levels of prostate cancer genes reveal novel aspects of prostate cancer biology and have implications for the understanding of circulating tumour cells Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 290. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-290
Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in hamsters. An alveolar macrophage product increases fibroblast prostaglandin E2 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate and suppresses fibroblast proliferation and collagen production.
Authors: J G Clark, K M Kostal, B A Marino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in hamsters is associated with collagen accumulation that results from increased lung collagen synthesis rates. However, 1-2 wk after intratracheal instillation of bleomycin, lung collagen synthesis rates decline toward control values. To evaluate the potential role of the bronchoalveolar macrophage in regulating lung collagen production, we studied the effects of macrophages from normal and bleomycin-treated hamsters upon fibroblasts in vitro. We observed: (a) Medium from macrophage cultures decreased fibroblast [3H]thymidine incorporation and nondialyzable [3H]hydroxyproline production in a dose-dependent manner. Fibroblast cell counts were decreased in exposed cultures, and fibroblast viability was unchanged. Procollagen prolyl hydroxylation and prolyl-transfer RNA-specific activity were not altered by macrophage medium; this indicates that [3H]hydroxyproline reflects collagen production rate under the experimental conditions. (b) The suppressive effect of macrophage medium was selective for collagen since collagen production decreased more than noncollagen protein production. (c) Medium from bleomycin-treated hamster macrophages suppressed fibroblast proliferation and collagen production to a greater degree than medium from normal hamster macrophages. (d) Fibroblast suppression by macrophage medium was associated with increased fibroblast endogenous prostaglandin E2 production and intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP). (e) Incubation of fibroblasts with indomethacin before exposure completely inhibited prostaglandin E2 production and increases in cAMP, and eliminated suppression of fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. The macrophage-derived suppressive factor has an apparent molecular weight of 20,000-30,000 and is heat stable. It does not appear to be species restricted since both hamster and human lung fibroblasts are similarly suppressed. It is at least in part preformed in macrophages obtained by lavage, but its production can also be stimulated in vitro. We concluded that alveolar macrophages release a product that stimulates endogenous fibroblast prostaglandin E2 production and cAMP formation with resultant suppression of fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Enhanced release of suppressive factor by macrophages during a time when lung collagen production is declining in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis suggests that macrophages may limit collagen accumulation in pulmonary fibrosis.
Postprandial endothelial activation in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients: Role of fat and carbohydrate meals
Authors: Francesco Nappo, Katherine Esposito, Michele Cioffi, Giovanni Giugliano, Anna Maria Molinari, Giuseppe Paolisso, Raffaele Marfella, Dario Giugliano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Retinoic acid induced differentiation and commitment in HL-60 cells.
Authors: P A Meyer, C Kleinschnitz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Human leukemic HL-60 cells are an established model for studies of differentiation induction. Retinoic acid (RA), 2 x 10(-6) M, was used to induce terminal differentiation, assayed as nitroblue tetrazol reduction (NBT) and expression of monocytic surface antigens, which were detected by monoclonal antibody Leu M3. In addition, transferrin receptor expression and the number of S + G2 + M-phase cells were determined. With a 12-hr RA incubation, only a decrease of transferrin receptor expression was found, with no change in other parameters. At least 96 hr RA incubation was necessary to induce terminal differentiation, with most cells being positive for NBT and M3. Cells induced with RA for 12 hr and subsequently recultured in liquid culture gradually expressed the differentiated phenotype and lost transferrin receptor expression. The number of S + G2 + M-phase cells in the cultures decreased drastically. After 12 hr RA exposure and 120 hr reculture without RA, the differentiation profile was comparable to that of cells that had been induced with RA for 96 hr. In reculture for up to 120 hr there was no evidence of loss of viability or regrowth of possibly residual undifferentiated cells. From these studies, we conclude that HL-60 cells become committed to terminal differentiation after half a generation-time exposure to RA and remain committed for at least six generation times.
Board Recommends Changes to Draft Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines
Authors: N. Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Board Recommends Changes to Draft Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 22, 17 November 1993, Pages 1794–1795, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.22.1794 Published: 17 November 1993
Second Attack of Cerebrospinal Fever
Authors: H. B. Binks
Journal: BMJ (1941)

Gastric secretion was measured in nine patients with duodenal ulcer before, and after treatment for four weeks with omeprazole 20 mg or 40 mg daily. Basal acidity and acid output were affected variably by 20 mg, but inhibited totally by 40 mg daily. Sham feed stimulated acid output was reduced by 20 mg daily and completely inhibited by 40 mg daily. Maximal pentagastrin stimulated acid output was halved by 20 mg omeprazole daily and 84% inhibited by 40 mg daily. The reduction in acidity was always greater than the reduction of volume. Pepsin output after pentagastrin was little altered but with the reduced secretory volume pepsin concentrations were increased by both doses. The major cause of reduced aspirate acid output after omeprazole is decreased secretion of the primary acid component of the parietal cell by the proton pump H+K+ ATPase. Duodenogastric alkaline reflux is, however, markedly increased after omeprazole and is an additional factor in the resultant hypoacidity or even anacidity after this drug.
Medical Consequences of Environmental Home Noises
Authors: Lee E. Farr
Journal: JAMA (1967)

An examination of the home for sources of sound which may be of medical significance reveals by measurement of sound levels in actual homes that many home devices operate at surprisingly high levels of sound intensities. Operation of these devices results in intrusive and unwanted sound perception by the individual. Effects of intrusive sound may be deleterious to health, particularly for individuals with emotional disturbances and so-called tension diseases. A need exists to define the harmful potential of home noise disturbances and for physicians to become aware of noise as an adjunct in provoking manifest disease.
Outcome of Mitral Valve Repair or Replacement: A Comparison by Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Robert R. Moss, Karin H. Humphries, Min Gao, Christopher R. Thompson, James G. Abel, Guy Fradet, Brad I. Munt
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— There are no randomized trials comparing outcomes after mitral valve (MV) repair and replacement. Propensity scoring is a powerful tool that has the potential to reduce selection bias in nonrandomized studies. Methods— From the BC Cardiac Registries, 2 060 patients presented for MV surgery, with or without CABG between 1991 and 2000. We then identified 322 MV repairs who were then matched by propensity score to an equal number of MV replacement patients. We compared survival and freedom from re-operation outcomes using Cox proportional hazards model analysis. Multivariable analysis was then used to compare outcomes in 358 MV repair patients with 352 MV replacement patients who had undergone chordal sparing surgery. Results— The comparison groups generated using propensity scores were well balanced with respect to all collected baseline risk factors. Median follow-up time was 3.4 years. Patients undergoing MV repair had significantly improved survival (RR 0.46; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.75) but a trend toward more re-operations (RR 2.11; 95% CI, 1.00 to 4.47) compared with patients undergoing replacement. Mitral valve repair patients still had better survival (RR 0.52; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.85) compared with MV replacement patients who had undergone chordal sparing surgery. Conclusion— We used propensity score methods to reduce selection bias in a population-based cohort of patients undergoing MV repair/replacement. Repair was associated with better survival, but a trend to increased re-operation.
Beta-blocking drugs in diabetes.
Authors: J R Lawrence, B C Campbell, B Whiting
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Developmental screening of preschool children SIR,-I was intrigued by the article by Dr D J G Bain on "Methods used by general practitioners in developmental screening of preschool children" (6 August, p 363) in its revelation of such free-for-all methodology."Examination forms," "visual charts," "alter- native screening forms"-you think of it, the examining doctors choose it.Why are they
Cardiac Output in Polycythemia Vera.
Authors: P. M. Weber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Cardiac Output in Polycythemia Vera.P. M. Weber, M.D., F.A.C.P., M. Pollycove, M.D., M. Bacaner, M.D., J. H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.P. M. Weber, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, M. Pollycove, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. Bacaner, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. H. Lawrence, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1173_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWhile the influence of acute changes in blood volume and hematocrit (hct) upon cardiac output have been well-documented, the cardiac output in polycythemia vera has been reported variously as increased, unchanged, and decreased. In this study an effort was made to clarify the effects of chronic change in blood volume and hct on cardiac output by studying 32 subjects, 25 with polycythemia vera and 7 who were normal. Some of the patients with polycythemia vera had been treated so that their blood volumes, though not necessarily their hcts, were normal. Therefore, 3 groups were compared; normal subjects (7), polycythemia vera... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Berkeley, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1173-1173KeywordsBlood volumeCardiac outputHematocritPolycythemia vera Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Persistence of Hemoglobin F in D/D Translocation With Trisomy 13-15 (D1)
Authors: Peter H. Pinkerton
Journal: JAMA (1967)

AMONG THE NUMEROUS translocations reported in man, one of the most frequently observed involves centric fusion of two D (13-15) chromosomes. D/D translocations may be "sporadic" as well as familial, ie, showing heritable transmission of the translocation in the heterozygous state. We report a D<sub>1</sub>trisomic individual in a family segregating for a D/D translocation. Possible linkage relationships between blood group and serum factors and the translocation chromosome were investigated. Persistence of an abnormally high concentration of hemoglobin F was found and the significance of this apparently constant feature of the trisomy 13-15 (D<sub>1</sub>) syndrome is briefly discussed. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The proband was aged six to eight months at the time these studies were being carried out. She was the product of the fourth pregnancy and has two brothers alive and well; the remaining pregnancy ended in abortion. Delivery occurred at full term and was normal.
Research claiming link between electromagnetic fields and cancer deemed fraudulent
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Research linking electromag-netic fields with cancer has been found fraudulent by the Office of Research Integrity of the US Department of Health and Human Services. In 1992 Dr Robert Liburdy, a cell biologist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California, reported data that indicated that electromagnetic fields altered the entry of calcium across a cell's surface membrane.

Dr Liburdy, whose work had won $3.3m …
The future of immunotherapy. Report of a National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT) Workshop
Authors: R. T. Sawyer, P. J. Gergen, M. Minnicozzi, M. Plaut, G. Dong, J. M. Schwaninger, M. J. Fenton
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Recent advances in the molecular sciences make possible new and innovative immunotherapeutic approaches to the treatment of human asthma and allergic disorders. In 2005, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation, sponsored a workshop entitled Immunological Basis of Antigen‐specific Asthma/Allergies Therapeutic Strategies Meeting . International experts in the field of asthma and allergy immunotherapy discussed the current state of immunotherapy, and made recommendations for future areas of research aimed at advancing our knowledge and understanding of immunotherapy for asthma and allergic diseases. The workshop recommendations are presented herein.
MODERATE TO SEVERE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DURING HEART FAILURE TREATMENT PROVIDES THE ADDITIONAL LONG-TERM PROGNOSTIC INFORMATION TO MALNUTRITION IN PATIENTS ADMITTED WITH ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE
Authors: Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Shunsuke Tamaki, Yusuke Iwasaki, Masato Kawasaki, Atsushi Kikuchi, Kentaro Ozu, takumi kondo, Kaoruko Sengoku, Hironori Yamamoto, Tsutomu Kawai, Satoshi Takahashi, Masashi Ishimi, Hideyuki Hakui, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Purchase of Mount Vernon-Reply
Authors: Fred B. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In reply to Mr. Wall's question, let me refer him to<i>Who Was Who in America, Vol.</i>1, 1897-1942 (Chicago: The A. N. Marquis Co., 1943), page 893. In this biographical sketch of Dr. William Augustus Newell, it is noted that he "originated U.S. Agricultural Bureau, and purchase of the Mount Vernon estate for agricultural purposes." In another article in the<i>University of Pennsylvania Alumni Review</i>(1902), listed in the references of my book, it is stated that Congressman Newell helped arrange temporary custody to spare Mount Vernon until the Ladies' Association raised sufficient funds to purchase the property. My statement was made on good authority and is not in error. We agree with Mr. Wall that the patriotic women did a fine service for our country.
Spectrum of liver disease in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection as compared to HCV infected patients. A case-control study
Authors: Justiniano Santos, Rosa Durandez, Cristina Tural, Daniel Fuster, Rosa Maria Morillas, Helena Guardiola, Jordi Tor, Isabel Ojanguern, Eduard Cabre, A. Ballesteros, Celestino Rey Joli, Buenaventura Clotet, Ramon Planas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)