tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ear-Lobe Crease in American Indians
Authors: JEFFREY R. FISHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1980Ear-Lobe Crease in American IndiansJEFFREY R. FISHER, M.D., MAURICE L. SIEVERS, M.D.JEFFREY R. FISHER, M.D., MAURICE L. SIEVERS, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-3-512_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The association of a diagonal ear-lobe crease with coronary heart disease has been supported by angiographic, post-mortem; and clinical data (1). More recently, however, results from the Honolulu Heart Study (2) have not shown a correlation between coronary heart disease and an ear-lobe crease in Japanese men. Rather, a statistically significant relation was noted for the ear-lobe crease and obesity.The prevalence of coronary heart disease in southwestern American Indians is only one fifth to half the rate for the U.S. general population (3), but these tribes have about two times the frequency of diagonal ear-lobe creases...References1. LICHSTEINCHAPMANGUPTA EIP. Diagonal ear-lobe crease and coronary artery sclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1976;85:337-8. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar2. RHOADSYANO GK. Ear-lobe crease and coronary-artery heart disease. Ann Intern Med. 1977;87:245. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SIEVERSFISHER M. Increasing rate of acute myocardial infarction among southwestern American Indians. Ariz Med. 1979;36:739-42. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. CHRISTIANSENMATHIESENANDERSENCALBERG JBAH. Diagonal ear-lobe crease in coronary heart disease. TV Engl J Med. 1975;293:308-9. Letter. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BIRDSELL J. The problem of the early peopling of the Americas as viewed from Asia. In: LAUGHLIN WS, ed. The Physical Anthropology of the American Indian. New York: Viking Fund; 1951:1-68. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Phoenix Indian Medical Center Phoenix, AZ 85016 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDiagonal Ear Lobe Crease and Atherosclerosis: A Review of the Medical Literature and Oral and Maxillofacial ImplicationsThe External EarÖlüm Nedeninin Tespitinde Yardımcı Bir Bulgu Diagonal Kulak Lobu ÇizgisiDiagonal earlobe creases and ischemic stroke: Preliminary reportEar Lobe Crease and Coronary Artery DiseaseEarlobe Crease and AtherosclerosisEarlobe crease and coronary heart disease in JapaneseEar lobe crease and coronary artery diseaseEarlobe Type, Race, and Age: Effects on Earlobe CreasingCutaneous Signs of Coronary Artery Disease 1 September 1980Volume 93, Issue 3Page: 512-512KeywordsCoronary heart diseaseLongitudinal studiesNative American peopleObesity Issue Published: 1 September 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Insulin-mediated skeletal muscle vasodilation is nitric oxide dependent. A novel action of insulin to increase nitric oxide release.
Authors: H O Steinberg, G Brechtel, A Johnson, N Fineberg, A D Baron
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The purpose of this study was to examine whether insulin's effect to vasodilate skeletal muscle vasculature is mediated by endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO). N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a specific inhibitor of NO synthase, was administered directly into the femoral artery of normal subjects at a dose of 16 mg/min and leg blood flow (LBF) was measured during an infusion of saline (NS) or during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (HIC) designed to approximately double LBF. In response to the intrafemoral artery infusion of L-NMMA, LBF decreased from 0.296 +/- 0.032 to 0.235 +/- 0.022 liters/min during NS and from 0.479 +/- 0.118 to 0.266 +/- 0.052 liters/min during HIC, P < 0.03. The proportion of NO-dependent LBF during NS and HIC was approximately 20% and approximately 40%, respectively, P < 0.003 (NS vs. HIC). To elucidate whether insulin increases EDNO synthesis/release or EDNO action, vasodilative responses to graded intrafemoral artery infusions of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator methacholine chloride (MCh) or the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were studied in normal subjects during either NS or HIC. LBF increments in response to intrafemoral artery infusions of MCh but not SNP were augmented during HIC versus NS, P < 0.03. In summary, insulin-mediated vasodilation is EDNO dependent. Insulin vasodilation of skeletal muscle vasculature most likely occurs via increasing EDNO synthesis/release. Thus, insulin appears to be a novel modulator of the EDNO system.
Parathyroid Scintigraphy
Authors: David Taieb, Elif Hindie, Gaia Grassetto, Patrick M. Colletti, Domenico Rubello
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

In recent years, preoperative imaging has become essential in the evaluation of sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) for selecting good candidates for minimally invasive HPT. Its role in patients with secondary/tertiary HPT is under investigation. Imaging is mandatory before reoperative parathyroid surgery for persistent or recurrent HPT, whatever the setting. This review provides detailed information regarding the nuclear imaging methods (dual phase, subtraction), the role of SPECT and SPECT/CT, and the clinical results of parathyroid scintigraphy in different clinical situations.
Circulation Today
Authors: Thomas N. James
Journal: JAMA (1978)

AT A time when it was thought that air and vapors oozed through pores in the septum of the heart, it may be asking too much of the man who corrected that error to also know about the coronary circulation. The facts are that William Harvey, in<i>De Motu Cordis</i>, expressed no interest in or awareness of the purpose of the coronary arteries. If he were alive today, however, we can be confident that he would find this a major interest of his own and could perhaps set aright a few of our cherished misconceptions on the subject. Lest his identity itself be the source of a misconception, it must be emphasized that Harvey was fundamentally an anatomist and always thought of himself as that, although today's physiologists often proclaim him as one of their own patron saints as well. In a contemporary view of the coronary circulation, one could
Scintigraphic pattern of regional cardiac sympathetic innervation in patients with familial long QT syndrome using positron emission tomography.
Authors: H Calkins, M H Lehmann, K Allman, D Wieland, M Schwaiger
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether scintigraphic evidence of cardiac sympathetic neuronal dysinnervation is present in patients with the familial long QT syndrome. The "sympathetic imbalance" hypothesis for the familial long QT syndrome proposes that the long QT syndrome results from a congenital imbalance of sympathetic innervation of the heart caused by lower-than-normal right cardiac sympathetic activity. Although the majority of clinical features of the long QT syndrome can be understood according to this hypothesis, its validity has never been shown. Noninvasive scintigraphic evaluation of the pattern of sympathetic innervation of the heart has recently become possible with catecholamine analogues that can be taken up by sympathetic nerve terminals: radioiodinated metaiodobenzyl guanidine or C-11 hydroxyephedrine (HED). METHODS AND RESULTS Nine affected patients, each from a separate family with familial long QT syndrome, were enrolled in this study (three men, six women; mean age, 39 +/- 16 years). Scintigraphic evaluation of the pattern of cardiac sympathetic innervation in each patient was performed with HED in conjunction with positron emission tomography. The results of scintigraphic imaging in these patients were compared with those obtained in 14 asymptomatic volunteers. Scintigraphic evaluation demonstrated that HED retention index and HED uptake normalized to blood flow were no different in patients with the familial long QT syndrome than in normal control patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with the long QT syndrome have normal cardiac sympathetic innervation as assessed by HED. This finding, although not incompatible with the sympathetic imbalance hypothesis of the long QT syndrome, suggests that if a decrease in right sympathetic activity is present in patients with familial long QT syndrome, it is unlikely to be attributed to an abnormal distribution of cardiac sympathetic nerves.
Alexithymia: Concept and Measurement
Authors: Roberta J. Apfel, Peter E. Sifneos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

Alexithymia is a concept in need of validation and measurement. The paper summarizes alexithymia as it is understood clinically and describes questionnaires used to elicit information helpful in making the assessment of alexithymia characteristics. Problems in use and the need for further work on comparative clinical experience are discussed.
Bradycardia with Mitral Valve Prolapse
Authors: David Leichtman, Richard Nelson, Fredarick L. Gobel, Carl S. Alexander, Jay N. Cohn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Eleven members of a family with a high prevalence of mitral valve prolapse were investigated. Seven had documented sinus bradycardia, and five had mitral valve prolapse. Three patients with both mitral valve prolapse and bradycardia had recurrent syncope reproduced by simple head-up tilting, and in one patient this resulted in asystole. The hemodynamic response to isoproterenol and phenylephrine administration were normal. Supine plasma norepinephrine levels were normal in all three and increased appropriately in two of three patients after tilting. Atrial pacing studies documented marked prolongation of atrial-His intervals and inability to maintain 1:1 atrioventricular conduction when paced at a rate of 120/min. These findings were reversed by atropine. This family shows a close correlation between mitral valve prolapse and potentially lethal bradycardia. Excessive vagal tone is believed to be responsible for both bradycardia and sinus arrest, which in two patients was prevented by permanent demand pacing.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MITRAL STENOSIS BY OPEN TECHNIQUE
Authors: Earle B. Kay
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Development of operations of the closed type for the correction of mitral stenosis was an important pioneer step. The open type, however, makes it possible to perform precise dissections that have never been accomplished with nearly the same degree of effectiveness by the closed technique in the past. Operations by the open technique were done in 44 patients. Among the 22 who had primary mitral stenosis there were 2 operative deaths (9%). Among the remaining 22, who had combined mitral lesions, there were 4 operative deaths (18%). About 15% of the stenotic mitral valves at operation are found to be so severely damaged by disease that little benefit can be anticipated from either closed or open operation. For reliable evaluation of results it is necessary to obtain objective data sufficiently long after operation rather than clinical impressions during the immediate postoperative period.
THE PROBLEM OF RADIOSENSITIVITY
Authors: MAX CUTLER
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The introduction and development of radium and x-rays as therapeutic agents in cancer has raised pertinent questions concerning the radiosensitivity of normal and neoplastic cells, which have assumed both a theoretical interest and practical importance. These problems concern the pathologist, surgeon and radiologist alike, for each is called on to render important decisions on the treatment of cancer, which involve an intimate knowledge of the established principles of radiosensitivity. It is my purpose in this communication to present a critical summary of some of the biologic, pathologic and clinical knowledge of radiosensitivity so far as it applies to the practical problems of the treatment of cancer. An immense literature has accumulated on this subject and much of the evidence presented is both confusing and conflicting. Some of the reasons for the state of confusion are at once obvious. Perhaps the most important is the fact that the science of radiation
A step forward in the everyday management of adults with community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Mark Woodhead, Theo J M Verheij
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Few topics cause such fierce discussion among doctors as does the antimicrobial treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. The meta-analysis by Mills et al is a valuable contribution to these debates.1 Their study should reassure all health professionals who routinely manage non-severe community acquired pneumonia that therapy using oral β lactam antibiotics, macrolides, or fluoroquinolones is equally effective when judged by clinical cure and mortality. Although other relevant outcomes such as speed of response, subsequent relapse rates, and harmful antibiotic effects were not assessed, the findings and the different cost and side effect profile of these agents means that a β lactam antibiotic (with macrolides and tetracyclines as good alternatives in individuals who …
Human Papillomaviruses and Anogenital Cancers
Authors: Keerti V. Shah
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix (cervical cancer) has long been known to have all the epidemiologic characteristics of a sexually transmitted infectious disease. Annually, there are about 500,000 new cases of cervical cancer worldwide, and most of these are in nations with few resources. It is now established that cervical cancer is caused by infection of the genital tract with one of about a dozen sexually transmitted human papillomaviruses (HPVs).1 Cervical cancer may well be the first major human neoplasm for which we have identified a single, necessary etiologic factor. Both epidemiologic and laboratory studies support this conclusion. In all . . .
Book: The Encyclopedia of Arthropod-Transmitted Infections
Authors: D. Mabey
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Ed M W Service CABI Publishing, £99.50/$185, pp 608 ISBN 0 85199 473 3 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> What do doctors working in the United Kingdom need to know about arthropod transmitted infections? Only two are endemic in the British Isles. A febrile patient who has recently been rolling in the heather in the Scottish Highlands may be suffering from louping ill, a tick borne virus endemic in sheep and red grouse; but this is unlikely, as only 40 human cases have been reported. A patient who has been walking in the New Forest, presenting with a … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Full hematopoietic engraftment after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation without cytoreduction in a child with severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Ronald J. Rubocki, Jennifer R. Parsa, Michael S. Hershfield, Warren G. Sanger, Samuel J. Pirruccello, Ines Santisteban, Bruce G. Gordon, Sarah E. Strandjord, Phyllis I. Warkentin, Peter F. Coccia
Journal: Blood (2001)
Nitroglycerin for angina pectoris
Authors: H. W. Copelan
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  As a physician responsible for the long-term care of patients with coronary disease, I welcomed the recent comments of Oglesby Paul, MD, on the medical management of angina pectoris (238:1847, 1977). I agreed particularly with his skepticism about the value of long-acting nitrates. I would disagree, however, with two of the statements about nitroglycerin.  Because nitroglycerin may lose potency, Dr Paul recommends that a new supply of pills be obtained every six months. Nitroglycerin tablets lose potency by volatilization, which varies widely depending on many factors. 1,2 Discarding pills after six months is wasteful when the medication retains its strength. More important, replacing nitroglycerin after six months does not ensure potency. Tablets may weaken within only one or two months and sometimes may lack strength when first purchased.  Dr Paul also mentions that nitroglycerin headache is a useful indication that the drug is active. Headache, however, does
The Bureaucratic Machine — Fit to Drive? — The Consumer's Vote
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Some months ago, in an attempt to improve its own image with the profession, the Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) published a special issue1 of its bulletin, Health Trends, in which the structure of the Department and the functions of its medical staff were described. The foreword explained that the Department has many tasks beyond being responsible for the National Health Service (NHS). Thus, it provides a link between this country and the World Health Organization and many other governmental agencies in matters related to health. At home its most important task is to support the Secretary . . .
Human rights should be taught in medical school to ensure proper care for people with learning disabilities
Authors: P. L. Hall
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The editorial by Hollins and Tuffrey-Wijne on premature deaths among people with a learning disability disregards the violation of health rights inherent in the inadequate standards of healthcare to which some are subjected.1

A survey in 2010 by ICM on behalf of Mencap showed that more than a third of doctors and nurses think that the NHS discriminates against patients with a learning disability.2 Nearly half of the doctors …
3-Tesla MRI for the evaluation of spreading area of ductal carcinoma in situ: a comparative study with 1.5-Tesla MRI.
Authors: M Kubo, K Shirahane, M Tanaka
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4028 Background: High quality of space and temporal resolution is demanded from the diagnosis for intraductal spreading area of breast cancer. In our hospital, from April 2007, 3-Tesra (T) MRI was transduced and high resolution dynamic studies for bilateral mammary have been performed. However, superiority of 3-T MRI to 1.5-T MRI remains almost unproven in the evaluation of intraductal spreading area of breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; Methods: We assessed 46 patients with primary ductal carcinoma in situ who underwent the 3-T or 1.5-T breast MRI as pre-operative examination between July, 2007 and March, 2008. Concerning the diagnosis of intraductal spreading area of breast cancer, we weighed 3T MRI against conventional 1.5T MRI. Using 1.5-T or 3-T MRI (Achieva, Philips), we injected contrast medium (Magnepist) with 0.2ml/kg body weight in 1ml/sec and photographed five aspects before injection and after injection for every 90 seconds. We obtained fat-sat T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (T1WI), multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) image and standard maximum intensity projection (MIP) image based on T1WI by coronal section, and furthermore slab MIP image with Aquerius net (Terarecon), and we evaluated the enhanced area.&amp;#x2028; Results: 32 cases were examed with 1.5-T MRI, and 14 cases with 3-T MRI. In 1.5-T group, 10 cases (31%) were underestimated, additional resection were required intraoperativelly with cancer-cells positive surgical margin in 7 cases, and surgical margin was positive with carcinoma cells by final pathological findings in 4 cases. In one patient we were forced to changes from breast-conserving surgery to mastectomy, and two cases underwent reoperation (mastectomy) with the diagnosis of widely positive surgical margin.In comparison with 1.5 T MRI group, three (21%) were underestimated in 3-T MRI group, intraoperative addition resection in two cases, and surgical margin positive by the final pathological findings in two cases, respectively.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: The concern to enhance an artifact is known because 3-T MRI has high resolution, but it may be more useful in the evaluation of intraductal spreading area of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4028.
In vitro study of GDNF release from biodegradable PLGA microspheres
Authors: Anne Aubert-Pouëssel, Marie-Claire Venier-Julienne, Anne Clavreul, Michelle Sergent, Christophe Jollivet, Claudia N. Montero-Menei, Emmanuel Garcion, David C. Bibby, Philippe Menei, Jean-Pierre Benoit
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
Monitoring global health
Authors: Ties Boerma, Carla Abou-Zahr
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Monitoring global health Problems are primarily nationalEditor-Murray et al urge for improved global reporting of health data. 1 They also highlight the difficulty of showing national decision makers that good health data can strongly support decision making.Why is this?A reason may be that data are always subject to interpretation.The article by Murray et al is a case in point.They want to establish "an independent monitoring organisation," arguing that the World Health Organization is not fit to undertake the job because of tension between advocacy, monitoring, and evaluation.But evidence that it is this tension that leads to poor monitoring by WHO is weak, at best.In reality, the problems of global health reporting are primarily national (and subnational).The fact that the sum of deaths claimed by different programmes is greater than the actual number of deaths reflects epidemiological methods and the current limitations in global health reporting, more than any WHO failure.The global burden of disease project was limited by these issues, but it was undertaken as effectively in WHO as in any other organisation.Not only are there problems in capacity, understanding the value of surveillance, and coverage of health services.The reporting of health events can be politically sensitive or even economically damaging.It is therefore likely that political interference will continue (whoever collects the data) until governments can be shown that honesty pays.It is perhaps this failure that needs to be dealt with rather than setting up yet another organisation without a proper analysis of the reasons (and locus) for failures in global health reporting.
Lehrbuch der Inneren Medizin
Authors: Ford K. Hick
Journal: JAMA (1967)

This is the seventh edition of a standard textbook issued two years after the sixth edition. Nineteen authors have contributed sections of the text. The organization of material is like that of textbooks of medicine published here. The format is excellent, with two printed columns filling each page, and subject headings in bold type. There are over 300 illustrations, a number in color. Each volume is numbered from page 1 and has its own index of about 2,200 items. References are listed at the end of each section and are chiefly to monographs.  Somewhat unusual, for American readers, is the 79-page section on poisons and poisonings. The drug list presented at the end of the second volume occupies 28 pages and lists about 1,000 drugs. The drug name is given using the international nonproprietary name where possible, the maker, the form available for use, and the price. There is also