tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New ethical standards set for health service managers
Authors: S. Hargreaves
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The chief executive of the NHS, Nigel Crisp, has issued a code of practice for health service managers.

The code aims to prevent serious misconduct, such as financial fraud or the falsification of information, and to ensure that managers found guilty of misconduct are not employed elsewhere in the NHS.

Pending the end of consultation in mid-July, NHS managers will be expected to adhere to a new code of ethical conduct, with the aim of preventing miscreants from working elsewhere in the NHS.

“We decided to introduce this code …
Novel signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) mutations, reduced TH17 cell numbers, and variably defective STAT3 phosphorylation in hyper-IgE syndrome
Authors: Ellen D. Renner, Stacey Rylaarsdam, Stephanie Aňover-Sombke, Anita L. Rack, Janine Reichenbach, John C. Carey, Qili Zhu, Annette F. Jansson, Julia Barboza, Lena F. Schimke, Mark F. Leppert, Melissa M. Getz, Reinhard A. Seger, Harry R. Hill, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Troy R. Torgerson, Hans D. Ochs
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Direct and efficient cellular transformation of primary rat mesenchymal precursor cells by KSHV
Authors: Tiffany Jones, Fengchun Ye, Roble Bedolla, Yufei Huang, Jia Meng, Liwu Qian, Hongyi Pan, Fuchun Zhou, Rosalie Moody, Brent Wagner, Mazen Arar, Shou-Jiang Gao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Infections by viruses are associated with approximately 12% of human cancer. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally linked to several malignancies commonly found in AIDS patients. The mechanism of KSHV-induced oncogenesis remains elusive, due in part to the lack of an adequate experimental system for cellular transformation of primary cells. Here, we report efficient infection and cellular transformation of primary rat embryonic metanephric mesenchymal precursor cells (MM cells) by KSHV. Cellular transformation occurred at as early as day 4 after infection and in nearly all infected cells. Transformed cells expressed hallmark vascular endothelial, lymphatic endothelial, and mesenchymal markers and efficiently induced tumors in nude mice. KSHV established latent infection in MM cells, and lytic induction resulted in low levels of detectable infectious virions despite robust expression of lytic genes. Most KSHV-induced tumor cells were in a latent state, although a few showed heterogeneous expression of lytic genes. This efficient system for KSHV cellular transformation of primary cells might facilitate the study of growth deregulation mechanisms resulting from KSHV infections.
Low dose steroids and clinical relapse in Crohn's disease: a controlled trial.
Authors: R C Smith, J Rhodes, R V Heatley, L E Hughes, D L Crosby, B I Rees, H Jones, K T Evans, B W Lawrie
Journal: Gut (1978)

The long-term effect of prednisone in Crohn9s disease has been examined in a double-blind controlled trial. Clinical relapse, recurrence, and extension of the disease were examined in 64 patients followed-up for up to three years. Fourteen patients were withdrawn because of severe symptoms (eight on prednisone and six controls); the withdrawal rate in both groups was 30% at three years. Nine other patients had radiological recurrence or extension of disease (five prednisone and four controls). Prednisone did not improve the relapse rate, nor did it affect recurrence or extension of disease.
The role of IGF-1 as a major growth factor for myeloma cell lines and the prognostic relevance of the expression of its receptor
Authors: Anne Catherine Sprynski, Dirk Hose, Laurent Caillot, Thierry Réme, John D. Shaughnessy, Bart Barlogie, Anja Seckinger, Jérôme Moreaux, Michael Hundemer, Michel Jourdan, Tobias Meißner, Anna Jauch, Karène Mahtouk, Alboukadel Kassambara, Uta Bertsch, Jean François Rossi, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Bernard Klein
Journal: Blood (2009)
Otto Warburg: Cell Physiologist, Biochemist, and Eccentric
Authors: Alton Meister
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Otto Warburg, one of the world's most remarkable scientists, died in 1970 at the age of 86 years. His pioneering research in biochemistry and his unusual personality are the subjects of this short book (first published in German in 1979), which is written in a manner that reflects both sincere admiration and objective criticism by another accomplished and famous scientist, Hans Krebs (1900-1981). This biography is of interest not only because it offers a thoroughly authentic summary and evaluation of Warburg's tremendous accomplishments in science as well as interesting insights into the period and times in which he lived, but also because Krebs devotes about one third of the volume to Warburg's personality. Having known both of these men, I can state without fear of contradiction by others who knew them that their personalities were utterly worlds apart. Krebs notes that Warburg had some irritating personal qualities; he was eccentric,
382 USEFULNESS OF 18F-FDG POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DETECTION OF METASTATIC HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMAS
Authors: Y.S. Kim, J.M. Park, S.G. Kim, J.Y. Jang, W.J. Kim, Y.K. Cheon, J.H. Moon, Y.D. Cho, H.S. Kim, M.S. Lee, H.K. Lee, C.S. Shim, B.S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Hyperhomocysteinemia and the MTHFR C677T polymorphism promote steatosis and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients
Authors: Luigi E. Adinolfi, Diego Ingrosso, Giuseppe Cesaro, Amelia Cimmino, Maria D'Antò, Rosanna Capasso, Vincenzo Zappia, Giuseppe Ruggiero
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

The factors and mechanisms implicated in the development of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related steatosis are unknown. Hyperhomocysteinemia causes steatosis, and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism induces hyperhomocysteinemia. We investigated the role of these factors in the development of HCV-related steatosis and in the progression of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). One hundred sixteen CHC patients were evaluated for HAI, fibrosis and steatosis grades, body mass index, HCV genotypes, HCV RNA levels, homocysteinemia, and the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. Hyperhomocysteinemia was associated with the TT genotype of MTHFR (r = 0.367; P = .001). Median values of homocysteine in the CC, CT, and TT genotypes of the MTHFR gene were 9.3, 12.2, and 18.6 μmol/L, respectively (P = .006). Steatosis correlated with the MTHFR polymorphism, homocysteinemia, HAI and fibrosis. Steatosis above 20% was significantly associated with fibrosis. Prevalence and high grade (>20%) of steatosis were 41% and 11% in CC, 61% and 49% in CT, and 79% and 64% in TT, respectively (P = .01). Relative risk of developing high levels of steatosis was 20 times higher for TT genotypes than CC genotypes. According to multivariate analysis, steatosis was independently associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (OR = 7.1), HAI (OR = 3.8), liver fibrosis (OR = 4.0), and HCV genotype 3 (OR = 4.6). On univariate analysis, fibrosis was associated with age, steatosis, MTHFR, homocysteinemia and HAI; however, on multivariate analysis, liver fibrosis was independently associated with age (P = .03), HAI (P = .0001), and steatosis (P = .007). In conclusion, a genetic background such as the MTHFR C677T polymorphism responsible for hyperhomocysteinemia plays a role in the development of higher degree of steatosis, which in turn accelerates the progression of liver fibrosis in CHC. (HEPATOLOGY 2005.)
Collagenase Plaque Digestion for Facilitating Guide Wire Crossing in Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Bradley H. Strauss, Lorne Goldman, Beiping Qiang, Nafiseh Nili, Amit Segev, Jagdish Butany, John D. Sparkes, Zane S. Jackson, Mohammad R. Eskandarian, Renu Virmani
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Chronic total occlusions (CTOs) are associated with significant angina, impaired left ventricular function, and worse long-term outcomes. Percutaneous coronary interventions in CTO are unsuccessful in up to 50% of cases, primarily because of inability to cross the lesion with a guide wire. Collagen is the predominant component of the atherosclerotic plaque. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicity of local delivery of a collagen-degrading enzyme to facilitate guide wire crossing in CTO. Methods and Results— Type IA collagenase (100 or 450 μg) or placebo was locally administered to 45 CTOs in a rabbit femoral artery model. Mean occlusion duration was 16±5 weeks. Attempts to cross the CTO (mean length, 28±9 mm) with conventional guide wires were assessed at 72 hours after treatment. An additional 3 arteries per group were assessed for collagenase effects at 24 hours after treatment. Successful guide wire crossings were significantly higher in collagenase-treated arteries (13 of 21, 62%) than in placebo-treated arteries (7 of 24, 29%) ( P =0.028). No adverse effects on arterial structure were observed in collagenase-treated arteries. At 24 hours, collagenase-treated arteries demonstrated increased collagenase protein, gelatinase activity, and collagen fragments. Conclusions— Local delivery of collagenase can safely facilitate guide wire crossing of CTO. This novel approach could lead to higher percutaneous coronary intervention success rates in CTO.
Can We Become Victims of Our Own Success?
Authors: John B. Buse
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

The last 5 years seem to have marked a transition in the history of diabetes care. Whereas for two decades we have preached the importance of good glycemic control to manage the risk of diabetes-associated complications, the truth of the matter is that rarely did patients with diabetes achieve target A1C levels <7%. As reported in Diabetes Care in 20008 in an analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset, the odds ratio (OR) of people with diagnosed diabetes achieving an A1C <7% had increased 2.5-fold between 1999–2000 and 2003–2004. Most impressively, the average A1C among those treated with diet alone over the same interval had decreased from 7.04 to 6.07%, with 89.7% having an A1C <7% (1). Undoubtedly, this improvement is due in part to improved comprehensive management of diabetes as a result of better access to diabetes education and nutrition services, the rapid advances in the pharmacotherapy for diabetes, and better screening and diagnosis of diabetes. As reported in Diabetes Care in 2009 using the NHANES dataset, though the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, …
Diverse Contribution of Bone Marrow Cells to Neointimal Hyperplasia After Mechanical Vascular Injuries
Authors: Kimie Tanaka, Masataka Sata, Yasunobu Hirata, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

We and others have suggested that bone marrow-derived progenitor cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. On the other hand, it was reported that bone marrow cells do not participate substantially in vascular remodeling in other experimental systems. In this study, three distinct types of mechanical vascular injuries were induced in the same mouse whose bone marrow had been reconstituted with that of GFP or LacZ mice. All injuries are known to cause smooth muscle cell (SMC) hyperplasia. At 4 weeks after wire-mediated endovascular injury, a significant number of the neointimal and medial cells derived from bone marrow. In contrast, marker-positive cells were seldom detected in the lesion induced by perivascular cuff replacement. There were only a few bone marrow-derived cells in the neointima after ligation of the common carotid artery. These results indicate that the origin of intimal cells is diverse and that contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to neointimal hyperplasia depends on the type of model.
Impact of professionalism on injuries in rugby union
Authors: Kenneth L Quarrie, David J Chalmers
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Editor,—We were concerned to read about the alarming increase in injury in Scottish rugby union football.1 In their article, Garraway et al report the results of a 1997–1998 survey of senior Scottish club players, which, when compared with the findings of a 1993–1994 survey, indicate a substantial increase in the incidence of injury. The authors attribute this increase to factors associated with the advent of professionalism in rugby union football.

Garraway et al consider a number of possible explanations for their findings and then conclude that “the factor that is most likely to have contributed to the increased burden of injuries in competitive play and requires the most urgent attention is the almost universal adoption of protective equipment in rugby union between the 1993–1994 and 1997–1998 seasons.” The questions this raised for us was: did …
The Other Medical Home
Authors: Steven H. Landers
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vital Circuits: On Pumps, Pipes and the Workings of the Circulatory System.
Authors: G. Wright
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article Vital Circuits: On Pumps, Pipes and the Workings of the Circulatory System. Get access Gordon Wright Gordon Wright Keele, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 12, December 1992, Page 1228, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.12.1228 Published: 01 December 1992
Validation of risk adjustment models for in-hospital percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty mortality on an independent data set
Authors: Mauro Moscucci, Gerald T O’Connor, Stephen G Ellis, David J Malenka, Jennifer Sievers, Eric R Bates, David W.M Muller, Steven W Werns, Eva Kline Rogers, Dean Karavite, Kim A Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: C. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Pelvic radiotherapy has been the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer for many years. Survival at five years, however, is only about 65% (30-80%, depending on stage). There have been no improvements in these results since the introduction of megavoltage irradiation 40 years ago—until this year. The 15 April edition of the New England Journal of Medicine carried reports of three trials which suggest that the concurrent use of cisplatin based chemotherapy and radiotherapy results in longer progression free and overall survival than the use of radiotherapy alone. These are very optimistic conclusions: how secure are they, and what do they tell us about future research questions and ways of answering these?1–3

These results were identified by the National Cancer Institute in the United States as being especially important, and because of this it revealed the conclusions of the studies in a “Clinical announcement” on 22 February. This suggested that “strong consideration should be given to the incorporation of concurrent cisplatin based chemotherapy with radiation therapy in women who require radiation therapy for treatment of cervical cancer.” The clinical announcement also included summary data on two similar trials that are shortly to be reported (one from the South West Oncology Group (SWOG 8797; abstract on http://www.sgo.org/meetings/30annual/abstracts/abstract1.html) and one …
Ricin and lentil lectin-affinity chromatography reveals oligosaccharide heterogeneity of thyrotropin secreted by 12 human pituitary tumors
Authors: James Magner, Anne Klibanski, Henry Fein, Robert Smallridge, William Blackard, William Young, J.B. Ferriss, Denis Murphy, John Kane, David Rubin
Journal: Metabolism (1992)
Abstract 2064: Atm is required for homeostasis within the lactating mammary gland
Authors: Lisa M. Dyer, Kevin D. Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ATM is a protein kinase activated in response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. Limited evidence suggests that ATM functions in mammary gland development and tumor suppression. However, we now document that mice with germ line loss of Atm exhibit severely blunted mammary gland development. To examine a role for Atm within the mammary gland we generated a novel mouse line with conditional deletion of Atm (AtmWAP-cre) in the mammary epithelium. Characterization of the AtmWAP-cre mouse line indicated that reduced Atm expression results in a progressive lactation defect as judged by a reduction in pup growth rate, aberrant lobulo-alveolar structure, and significantly diminished expression of several milk protein genes in mid-lactation dams. We also document that lactating AtmWAP-cre dams exhibit both morphological and molecular features consistent with premature entry into involution. These aberrant events in Atm-deficient glands occur independently of established Jak/Stat signaling mechanisms that normally control mammary gland development. We found that RNA harvested from lactating Atm-deficient mammary glands contain heightened levels of oxidized guanine (8-oxoGua) indicating unchecked response to oxidative damage. Finally, we knocked down ATM expression in human and mouse mammary epithelium-derived lines and measured increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. This study supplies evidence for a novel biological function for Atm within the mammary gland and provides new insight into the critical importance of oxidative stress response during the high metabolic burden associated with the process of lactation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2064. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2064
In vitro endocytosis of benign and malignant human bone marrow plasma cells
Authors: Ken‐Ichi Ohtake, Takahiro Yano, Kazuo Kameda, Tetsuhei Ogawa
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract We report ultrastructural evidence of the phagocytic potential of plasma cells and myeloma cells. The incubation of plasma cells and myeloma cells in vitro with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and cationized ferritin (CF) allows the tracing of fluid‐phase and receptor‐mediated pathways. Surface‐bound ligands (CF) and solutes (HRP) taken up in primary pinocytic vesicles are internalized to the endosomal compartment. After 1 hr of incubation, CF was found not only in plasma cells but also in myeloma cells. Reaction products of HRP were observed only in myeloma cells. In myeloma cells, however, HRP was located only in the lysosomal system, whereas CF was present within membrane cisternae as well as within lysosomes. These myeloma cells morphologically produced interleukin‐6 (IL‐6).
Attenuation of coronary flow reserve and myocardial function after temporary subtotal coronary artery occlusion and increased myocardial oxygen demand in dogs
Authors: Wilmer W. Nichols, Francesca A. Nicolini, Baichun Yang, William C. Robbins, John Katopodis, Living Chen, Tom G.P. Saldeen, Jawahar L. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Recent Shifts in Global Governance: Implications for the Response to Non-communicable Diseases
Authors: Devi Sridhar, Claire E. Brolan, Shireen Durrani, Jennifer Edge, Lawrence O. Gostin, Peter Hill, Martin McKee
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Devi Sridhar and colleagues discuss how three major trends in global governance, the rise of emerging economies, the increase in multi-bi financing and institutional proliferation, have ramifications for whether NCDs will be included in the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals agenda. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Toxicities Of Alkyl Nitrites
Authors: JOHN OSTERLOH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1986Toxicities Of Alkyl NitritesJOHN OSTERLOH, M.D., KENT OLSON, M.D.JOHN OSTERLOH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KENT OLSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-5-727_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Methemoglobinemia following the overdose of alkyl nitrites has been reported in eight cases (references available on request) in addition to the one reported by Laaban and colleagues (1). This is in contrast to their statement that this acute toxicity has been underreported (1). We have followed another five patients who ingested alkyl nitrites (including amyl, butyl, and isobutyl nitrites).In our 5 patients and in the 9 patients described in the literature, butyl or isobutyl nitrite was reported as the ingested agent in 10 patients and amyl nitrite in 2. Quantities ingested were reported as 10 to...References1. LAABANBODENANROCHEMAURE JPJ. Amyl nitrite poppers and methemoglobinemia [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:804-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. OSTERLOHGOLDFIELD JD. n-Butyl nitrite disposition after inhalation in rats. J Pharm Sci. 1985;78:780-2. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. JORGENSENLAWSSON KS. Amyl nitrite and Kaposi's sarcoma in homosexual men. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:893-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. HAVERKOSPINSKYDROTMANBREGMAN HPDD. Disease manifestation among homosexual men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a possible role of nitrites in Kaposi's sarcoma. Sex Transm Dis. 1985;12:203-208. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. IGNARROLIPPTONEDWARDS LHJ. Mechanism of vascular smooth muscle relaxation by organic nitrates, nitrites, nitroprusside and nitric oxide: evidence for the involvement of S-nitrosothiols as active intermediates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981;218:739-49. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN OSTERLOH, M.D.; KENT OLSON, M.D.Affiliations: University of California San Francisco Bay Area Regional Poison Control Center San Francisco, CA 94110 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAmyl and Butyl NitritesPitfalls in the Toxicological Analysis of an Isobutyl Nitrite-Adulterated Coffee DrinkSelf-Reported Effects of Alkyl Nitrite Use: A Qualitative Study Amongst Targeted GroupsNo evidence for neoantigens in human plasma after photochemical virus inactivationAids acquired by drug consumption and other noncontagious risk factorsThe role of drugs in the origin of AIDSPhotoinactivation of Viruses in Human Fresh Plasma by Phenothiazine Dyes in Combination with Visible LightPoisonings in laboratory personnel and health care professionalsAlkyl nitrites 1 May 1986Volume 104, Issue 5Page: 727-727KeywordsMethemoglobinemiaToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...