tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome
Authors: Andrew Freese, Stephen F. Finn, Matthew J. During
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 May 1990The Eosinophilia-Myalgia SyndromeAndrew Freese, Stephen F. Finn, Matthew J. DuringAndrew FreeseSearch for more papers by this author, Stephen F. FinnSearch for more papers by this author, Matthew J. DuringSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-112-10-795 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Since the initial description of the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome and recognition of its link to tryptophan ingestion, we have received several inquiries regarding our previous letter on the potential neurotoxicity of tryptophan (1). Our concern focused on the metabolic relation between tryptophan and the known neurotoxin, quinolinic acid, which acts as an agonist of theN-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory amino acid receptor. Since then, we have shown a dramatic responsiveness of brain extracellular fluid levels of quinolinic acid to tryptophan loading in rats (2). A single intraperitoneal dose of tryptophan (100 mg/kg body weight) elevated striatal brain extracellular fluid quinolinic...References1. FreeseSwartzDuring AKM. Potential neurotoxicity of tryptophan [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:312-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. DuringFreeseHeyes MAM. Neuroactive metabolites of L-tryptophan, serotonin and quinolinic acid, in striatal extracellular fluid: effect of tryptophan loading. FEBS Lett. 1989;247:438-44. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FreeseSwartzDuringMartin AKMJ. Kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan: implications for neurologic diseases. Neurology. 1990; [In press]. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FreeseSwartzDuringHeyesBealMartin AKMMMJ. Regional brain quinolinic acid levels and neurochemical markers of toxicity: effects of acute vs. chronic tryptophan feeding [Abstract]. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts. 1989;15: Abstract 306.3. Google Scholar5. SchwarczWhetsellMangano RWR. Quinolinic acid: an endogenous metabolite that produces axon-sparing lesions in rat brain. Science. 1983;219:316-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. KilbourneSwygertPhilen ELR. Interim guidance on the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:85-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDrug-induced myopathiesDrugs used in non-orthodox medicineAcute Eosinophilic Pulmonary Disease Associated with the Ingestion of L-Tryptophan-Containing Products 15 May 1990Volume 112, Issue 10Page: 795-796KeywordsAmino acidsBody weightBrainIngestionTryptophan Issue Published: 15 May 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
P197 PET-FDG staging for lung cancer: outcome of high uptake FDG at extrathoracic sites
Authors: S. Selvaraj, K. Garbett, J. McAdam, T. R. Naicker, K. S. Srinivasan, H. Moudgil
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanning withF-18 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-Glucose (FDG) is pivotal in staging lung carcinoma where curative intent is proposed and increasingly is being evaluated in measuring response to therapy as well as in detecting recurrent disease. Staging nodal disease in the mediastinum apart, PET has also been reported to improve the non-invasive detection of unsuspected extra thoracic disease in upto 10% and may alter management in up to 40% of cases [McLoud TC, Cancer Imaging 2003]. The limited resolution of PET, however, results in subsequent investigations and to quantify this further we have reviewed our experiences. <h3>Methods</h3> Over a 2-year period to end 2010, 236 patients were identified as investigated by PET scan after an initial discussion of all lung cancer patients at multi-disciplinary meeting (MDT). Of these, 21 (11%) had high uptake FDG with potential evidence of extra thoracic disease not previously identified. Mean (range) age for this group was 69 (54–82) years with13 male and eight female. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 21 patients, 13 included high uptake in the bowel with two in each of breast, thyroid, and musculo-skeletal and one in stomach and parotid. 4 patients were then not investigated further; these included one where PET-FDG findings were ignored after further MDT discussion, one was too unwell to investigate and died shortly thereafter, and two who refused further investigation. Of the remainder, 12 had high uptake FDG in the bowel but all were found to be benign after subsequent investigation, and five confirmed malignant disease of which two had thyroid cancer, two-breast cancer, and one had a prior history of bowel cancer. Over this 2-year time period none of the initially PET negative cases subsequently developed radiological malignancy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> For extra thoracic disease, our experience with PET-FDG potentially reports sensitivity and a negative predictive power of 100% with a specificity of 95% and a positive predictive value of 29%. Although among our cases 11% had the suggestion of positive extra thoracic disease, the majority (71%) were then found to be benign with a concentration particularly at bowel. Further work will probably be needed to guide future investigation of potentially false positive metabolic or inflammatory findings at this site, but uptake at the other sites, potentially a concurrent primary malignancy or metastases, cannot be ignored.
Physical and Emotional Problems of Elite Female Gymnasts
Authors: I R Tofler, B K Stryer, L J Micheli, L R Herman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Within the past five years, two U.S. female gymnasts at the Olympic level, Christy Henrich and Julissa Gomez, died from medical problems related to their sport. Christy died from complications of anorexia nervosa and Julissa from complications of spinal trauma due to a vaulting injury.In this Olympic year, it is timely to discuss the psychological and physical problems associated with competitive women's gymnastics. Women's gymnastics provides a useful framework for viewing worrisome trends in other competitive youth sports. In the United States, organized athletic programs involve at least 20 million children and adolescents each year, with more than 2 . . .
US health insurer begins shift from fee for service payments
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A major health insurance company in the United States is piloting a programme for breast, colon, and lung cancer treatment that shifts away from the traditional fee for service system to a bundled payment for the entire treatment regimen. UnitedHealthcare, which serves about 25 million individual consumers through its employer sponsored benefits plans, announced the initiative on 20 October.

“By paying medical oncologists for a patient’s total cycle of treatment, rather than the number of visits and the amount of chemotherapy drugs given, this programme promotes better, more patient-centric, evidence based care with no loss of revenue for the physician,” said Lee Newcomer, the company’s senior vice president for oncology.

More than 40 cancer clinics expressed interest …
Gender more than IFN dosage determines rate of response in HCV + chronic active hepatitis
Authors: P. Esposito, C. Cremonini, A. Grottola, P. Buttafoco, A. Scarcelli, H. Bertani, M.G. Del Buono, F. Giannini, F. Manenti, E. Villa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
Gender differences in airway behaviour over the human life span
Authors: M. R Becklake, F. Kauffmann
Journal: Thorax (1999)

][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Though they have not escaped recognition, they have received less attention than gender diVerences in the rates of, for instance, cardiovascular disease, both in terms of research and their implications for clinical practice. 4 5 10-12Physiologists have in general paid more attention than clinicians to gender diVerences in airway behaviour, even though gender diVerences are an important determinant of the clinical manifestations of airway disease.Similarly, in population based (epidemiological) studies of airway disease, gender is invariably considered a standardising variable rather than a determinant worthy of investigation in its own right. 4However, there have been some notable historical exceptions.
A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Prednisone and Allopurinol in the Prevention of ERCP-Induced Pancreatitis
Authors: A. Budzyńska, T. Marek, A. Nowak, R. Kaczor, E. Nowakowska-Dulawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Background and Study Aims: Acute pancreatitis is the most frequent and difficult-to-avoid complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Corticosteroids, potent anti-inflammatory drugs, and allopurinol - a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that blocks the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals - may be potentially effective in preventing post-ERCP pancreatitis. The aim of this prospective study was to determine the effect of prophylactic oral corticosteroids and allopurinol on the incidence and severity of procedure-induced pancreatitis.
Therapies for Refractory Hypoxemia in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Matthew R. Pipeling, Eddy Fan
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and severe form of acute lung injury, resulting from both direct (eg, pneumonia) and indirect (eg, sepsis) pulmonary insults. It is a common cause of admission to the intensive care unit due to hypoxemic respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In some patients, ARDS leads to the development of life-threatening refractory hypoxemia. In these patients, physicians may consider a number of therapies (eg, recruitment maneuvers, prone positioning, inhaled nitric oxide, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) to alleviate hypoxemia in patients unable to maintain reasonable oxygenation while being supported with conventional mechanical ventilation. Although these strategies have demonstrated improved oxygenation with their use, their impact on patient-important outcomes (eg, mortality) remains unproven. However, in the minority of patients with ARDS and refractory hypoxemia, institution of these therapies may be considered on a case-by-case basis. Future studies are needed to elucidate the efficacy of these therapies on outcomes in patients with severe ARDS and refractory hypoxemia.
THE INCUBATION PERIOD OF YELLOW FEVER IN THE MOSQUITO
Authors: Johannes H. Bauer, N. Paul Hudson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1928)

1. The yellow fever virus was found in infectious form in Aedes aegypti throughout the entire period of the extrinsic incubation, as demonstrated by the injection of the bodies of mosquitoes into normal rhesus monkeys at daily intervals after the insects had fed on an infected animal. 2. The virus was transmitted through the bite of the mosquitoes, in one experiment on and after the 9th day, and in two experiments on the 12th day after the initial infecting feed. 3. The pathologic changes produced by the injection of the infected mosquitoes into normal monkeys during the extrinsic incubation were in every respect those of typical experimental yellow fever. 4. The monkeys withstand easily the subcutaneous injection of the mosquito emulsion. No acute inflammatory reaction was observed at the site of injection in any of the seventeen animals inoculated with this material in these three experiments.
Case 1-1981
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Jordan J. Cohen, Robert B. Colvin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of subarachnoid hemorrhage.She was well until seven months earlier, when she began to experience polyuria and polydipsia, and azotemia was found. Two months later hypertension was discovered. A percutaneous renal biopsy revealed widespread interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, with a moderate infiltration of mononuclear cells and occasional eosinophils (Fig. 1). The tubular lining cells were flattened, and there was marked thickening of the tubular basement membranes; many tubules contained proteinaceous casts. Examination of the 30 glomeruli sampled disclosed a moderate increase in mesangial matrix . . .
Eosinophilic pneumonia caused by <i>Alternaria alternata</i>
Authors: H. Ogawa, M. Fujimura, S. Amaike, Y. Matsumoto, M. Kitagawa, T. Matsuda
Journal: Allergy (1997)

We describe a patient who presented with hypoxemia and diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. The diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy. The remarkable characteristic was reappearance of the symptoms on the patient's return home, suggesting the existence of etiologic agents in his house. An environmental survey of the patient's house yielded Alternaria alternata. A high liter of anti‐ A alternata antibody (IgG) was detected in his serum, and the inhalation bronchoprovocation test with A. alternata antigen was positive. This case indicates that A. alternata is a probable cause of eosinophilic pneumonia.
Characterization of a yeast artificial chromosome contig spanning the Huntington's disease gene candidate region
Authors: G. P. Bates, J. Valdes, H. Hummerich, S. Baxendale, D. L. Le Paslier, A. P. Monaco, D. Tagle, M. E. MacDonald, M. Altherr, M. Ross, B. H. Brownstein, D. Bentley, J. J. Wasmuth, J. F. Gusella, D. Cohen, F. Collins, H. Lehrach
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
Journal retracts article that said childhood trauma could lead to genetic changes
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The British Journal of Psychiatry has retracted a June 2013 article purporting to find a higher incidence of epigenetic changes in people with bipolar disorder who experienced traumatic abuse in early life, as Swiss authorities pursue an arrest warrant against the leader of the research team that produced the paper.

Alain Malafosse, formerly director of the genetic psychiatry unit at the University Hospitals of Geneva, is accused of embezzling Swiss government research funds and of fabricating data. An international arrest warrant issued in February by Geneva canton’s public prosecutor cited criminal complaints from the University of Geneva and its hospital network accusing Malafosse of sending 1.7 million Swiss francs (£1.1m; €1.4m, $1.8m) to an outside laboratory in Montpellier that was actually the address of a relative of his, also a doctor.

The …
Infarct Size After Acute Myocardial Infarction Measured by Quantitative Tomographic <sup>99m</sup> Tc Sestamibi Imaging Predicts Subsequent Mortality
Authors: Todd D. Miller, Timothy F. Christian, Mona R. Hopfenspirger, David O. Hodge, Bernard J. Gersh, Raymond J. Gibbons
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background 99m Tc sestamibi is a recently developed radioisotope that has been used to measure myocardium at risk and infarct size. The relation between these measurements and subsequent patient outcome has not yet been demonstrated. Methods and Results Two hundred seventy-four consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction underwent tomographic 99m Tc sestamibi imaging on arrival at the hospital (to measure myocardium at risk before reperfusion therapy) and at hospital discharge (to measure the amount of salvaged myocardium and final infarct size). Defect size on the sestamibi images was quantified using a threshold value of 60% of peak counts from the circumferential count profile curves generated for five representative slices of the left ventricle. Patients were followed after hospital discharge to evaluate the association between final infarct size and subsequent mortality. The median defect size measured was 27% of the left ventricle at presentation to the hospital (range, 0% to 77%) and was 12% of the left ventricle at hospital discharge (range, 0% to 68%). Almost one half of the patients had a final infarct size of ≤10%. The median amount of myocardium salvaged was 9% (range, −31% to 75%). During a median duration of follow-up of 12 months, there were 10 deaths (7 cardiac and 3 noncardiac) and 1 resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. There was a significant association between infarct size and overall mortality (χ 2 =8.66, P =.003) and cardiac mortality (χ 2 =11.89, P &lt;.001). Two-year mortality was 7% for patients whose infarct size was ≥12% versus 0% for patients whose infarct size was &lt;12%. There also was a significant association between myocardium at risk and cardiac mortality (χ 2 =6.87, P =.009). There was no association between myocardium at risk and overall mortality or between amount of myocardium salvaged and either overall mortality or cardiac mortality. Conclusions Larger infarct size measured by 99m Tc sestamibi imaging after acute myocardial infarction is associated with increased mortality risk during short-term follow-up.
Failure of Estrogen Plus Progestin Therapy for Prevention
Authors: Suzanne W. Fletcher
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methylation Assay for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancer on Bronchial Aspirates: A Cohort Study
Authors: Viola Schmiemann, Alfred Böcking, Marietta Kazimirek, Alexandre Sherlley Casimiro Onofre, Helmut Erich Gabbert, Rainer Kappes, Claus Dieter Gerharz, Hans Juergen Grote
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: Recent studies have detected aberrant promoter methylation of adenomatous polyposis coli promoter 1 A (APC), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16INK4a), retinoic acid receptor β2, and RAS association domain family protein 1 (RASSF1A) in bronchial aspirates and suggested their use as biomarkers for lung cancer diagnostics. The purpose of this study was to validate these candidate marker genes in a retrospective cohort study. Experimental Design: Bronchial aspirates collected from a cohort comprising 247 patients with suspected lung cancer were investigated retrospectively regarding aberrant promoter methylation using a quantitative methylation-specific real-time PCR (QMSP). Results: Eighty-nine patients were diagnosed with primary lung cancer, 102 had benign lung disease, and 56 showed miscellaneous other conditions. A panel consisting of APC, p16INK4a, and RASSF1A emerged as useful combination. This panel detected aberrant methylation in bronchial aspirates of 22 of 35 (63%) and 21 of 44 (44%) centrally and peripherally located primary lung cancers, respectively. Bronchial aspirates also showed aberrant methylation in 5 of 7 (71%) patients with a recurrent lung cancer and in 8 of 30 (27%) cases without tumor recurrence. In contrast, only 1 of 102 patients with benign lung disease displayed a (false) positive test result. Rarely, aberrant methylation was found in patients with other malignancies (3 of 16). The QMSP assay correctly confirmed lung cancer in 8 of 12 (67%) cases with an ambiguous cytology. Moreover, it disclosed 9 of 26 (35%) of peripheral tumors lacking simultaneous cytologic or histologic diagnosis of malignancy. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the QMSP assay could be applied as a reflex test in cases of suspected lung cancer that defy a definite diagnosis by conventional methods. Thus, the assay could be a useful diagnostic adjunct especially regarding peripheral tumors.
Elephantiasis Arabum in the South Sea Islands
Authors: P. Manson
Journal: BMJ (1894)

llilis, until wve ai-t-inl posst-ssioll of adlditional evideznce i% favxour of filatial llot'tui'iia bhig tile cause^, must be aditlitted.. Stich l a possibility is suggeste d hy ce rtainl fesatures, not (juite.pec uliar to, buit so fi'equeilt iII Soutll Seal Islaiids ezlepliaiitia, si.s as comlpared witlil elephsantiasis elf\ 1r,that tiley are to, thisi xt'Xtit chXaracteristic aiid call for explanlation.Clijet
Efficacy and safety of once-weekly bortezomib in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Sara Bringhen, Alessandra Larocca, Davide Rossi, Maide Cavalli, Mariella Genuardi, Roberto Ria, Silvia Gentili, Francesca Patriarca, Chiara Nozzoli, Anna Levi, Tommasina Guglielmelli, Giulia Benevolo, Vincenzo Callea, Vincenzo Rizzo, Clotilde Cangialosi, Pellegrino Musto, Luca De Rosa, Anna Marina Liberati, Mariella Grasso, Antonietta P. Falcone, Andrea Evangelista, Michele Cavo, Gianluca Gaidano, Mario Boccadoro, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: Blood (2010)
Long term management after splenectomy: National guidelines, please
Authors: P J Flegg
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Mary McMullin and George Johnston's editorial contributes little to a comprehensive strategy to prevent sepsis after splenectomy.1 It merely reiterates current recommendations and contains important omissions. Overwhelming infection after splenectomy is a specific syndrome with a high mortality and should be distinguished from other infections after splenectomy. The alarmingly high incidence claimed for the condition has since been corrected2; in the study from which the corrected figure (6.9%) comes half of the deaths related to infection occurred within three months of operation and two fifths …
Premarital HIV Screening
Authors: Joseph M. Mercola
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> Belongia et al<sup>1</sup>have seriously misrepresented the cost of the premarital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing program in the state of Illinois. They claim that it cost $715000 to find each identified case of HIV infection through premarital screening. Their article neglects to consider that physician office visits and syphilis screening are now required in Illinois premaritally, regardless of screening for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The average charge for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay HIV test more accurately determines the cost of premarital acquired immunodeficiency syndrome screening in Illinois. The authors cite the $60 fee that was common in 1987. The requirement of premarital HIV screening in Illinois since Jan 1, 1988, has increased the demand for this test. The increased utilization of HIV screening since then has put competitive pressures on the commercial laboratories offering the test to decrease their price to physicians. Most physicians can