tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of Mitochondrial DNA tRNA Leucine and Glucagon Receptor Missense Mutations in Utah White Diabetic Patients
Authors: Steven C Elbein, Michael D Hoffman
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

Recently, subtypes of typical NIDDM were suggested based on missense mutations of mitochondrial DNA [tRNALeu(UUR)] and the glucagon receptor gene (Gly40Ser). Together these mutations might explain NIDDM in 5--8% of patients. To test the hypothesis that these mutations play an important role in a Northern European population with a strong family history of diabetes, we screened members of 45 families selected for having two or more diabetic siblings and 62 additional unrelated diabetic individuals for both mutations. We also examined 74 nondiabetic control subjects. Mitochondrial DNA mutations were not detected despite our ability to detect as little as 3% heteroplasmy in a sample from an individual known to carry the mutation. Likewise, the glucagon receptor Gly40Ser mutation was present in a single diabetic patient who on subsequent investigation was of Italian descent. Thus, neither subtype of NIDDM is present in the Utah diabetic population, which is reflective of other Northern European populations.
Effects of hypoxia on granulocytic‐monocytic progenitors in rats. Role of bone marrow stroma
Authors: Rashmi Taneja, Pranela Rameshwar, Jeffrey Upperman, Ming T. Wang, David H. Livingston
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Hemorrhagic shock leads to hypoxia and is associated with bone marrow (BM) failure. Hemorrhagic shock is also a predisposing factor in immune dysregulation. Since the BM is the major organ of immune cells in the adult, its failure following hemorrhagic shock may explain the increased susceptibility to infection. The in vitro evidence indicates that hypoxia mediates altered functions in BM stroma. Since similar hematopoietic alterations are reported in hypoxia and hemorrhagic shock, hypoxia alone could be a representative model to study BM responses during hemorrhagic shock. In this study, we use an animal model to dissect the hematopoietic effects of hypoxia. We subjected rats to hypoxia, and at days 1 and 5 post-hypoxia we determined the numbers of granulocytic-monocytic progenitors (CFU-GM) in the BM. We found significant increase (P < 0.05) in CFU-GM at day 1 and a downward trend by day 5. Enhanced BM cellularity could not explain the increase in CFU-GM by day 1. BM stromal cells mediated most of the stimulatory effects by hypoxia. CFU-GM was inversely proportional to bioactive TGF-beta and directly proportional to IL-1. Compared to normoxic rats, IL-6 production was suppressed in BM cells from hypoxic rats. The results show that hypoxia alone initiate a stimulatory response in CFU-GM progenitors. These effects are at least partially mediated through the BM stroma. In the absence of a second insult, CFU-GM reverts to baseline. The data also suggest that hypoxia mediates complex responses that include cytokine production. These results add to the current understanding of hematopoietic responses by hypoxia and adds to the mechanisms of immune dysfunctions following hemorrhagic shock.
Predicting the Risk for Acute Type B Aortic Dissection in Hypertensive Patients Using Anatomic Variables
Authors: Aditya S. Shirali, Moritz S. Bischoff, Hung-Mo Lin, Irina Oyfe, Robert Lookstein, Randall B. Griepp, Gabriele Di Luozzo
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Emphasise benefits of reconfiguration to support change, says report
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Three UK health bodies representing doctors, managers, and patients have warned that the NHS in England must get people more involved in radical change of services or risk “paralysis.”

The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, the NHS Confederation, and the National Voices coalition of patient charities said that a new approach was needed to make essential service reconfigurations work.

The debate had become “toxic” and “polarised,” they said, because it was associated with hospital closures and downgrades driven by financial or clinical crises. It was vital that the public, patients, and staff were fully involved from the start in shaping changes and in developing well …
Differential impact of hyponatremia and hepatic encephalopathy on health-related quality of life and brain metabolite abnormalities in cirrhosis
Authors: Vishwadeep Ahluwalia, James B. Wade, Leroy Thacker, Kenneth A. Kraft, Richard K. Sterling, R. Todd Stravitz, Michael Fuchs, Iliana Bouneva, Puneet Puri, Velimir Luketic, Arun J. Sanyal, HoChong Gilles, Douglas M. Heuman, Jasmohan S. Bajaj
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Noninvasive biophysical assessments of the efficacy of a moisturizing cosmetic cream base for patients with atopic dermatitis during different seasons
Authors: K. Kikuchi, H. Tagami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Noninvasive biophysical assessments of the efficacy of a moisturizing cosmetic cream base for patients with atopic dermatitis during different seasons Get access K. Kikuchi, K. Kikuchi Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1‐1 Seiryo‐machi, Aoba‐ku, Sendai 980‐8574, Japan Correspondence: Katsuko Kikuchi. E‐mail: katsukon@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Tagami, H. Tagami Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1‐1 Seiryo‐machi, Aoba‐ku, Sendai 980‐8574, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar the Japanese Cosmetic Scientist Task Force for Skin Care of Atopic Dermatitis the Japanese Cosmetic Scientist Task Force for Skin Care of Atopic Dermatitis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 5, 1 May 2008, Pages 969–978, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08478.x Published: 01 May 2008
If Surgery Biz Were Like Show Biz
Authors: Margaret Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1970)

An exclusive dressing room interview with the talented young surgeon, Shock Trauma, by your Suture-Play reporter, Hadda Hypo. Hadda Hypo:<i>Shock, I want to congratulate you on winning the Academy of Medical Arts and Sciences Award as Outstanding Surgeon of the Year for your incisive performance in the General Hospital spectacular, "Chemopallidectomy!"</i> Trauma: Thanks a lot, Hadda. It was a real fun operation, and I'm glad it seemed to make a hit with everybody. Hadda Hypo:<i>You really surprised a lot of the folks at the hospital with your ability at neurosurgery. Everybody has always thought of you, with your talent for timing and delivery, as strictly an obstetrician</i>. Trauma(flashing his well-known lopsided grin): Yeah, I was getting typecast in Ob-Gyn, but just like every doctor, I guess I always had a kind of hankering to try my hand at a classic piece of brain surgery. Hadda Hypo:<i>Rumor</i>
Provision of health information for all
Authors: R. Smith, T. P. Koehlmoos
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A major organisation should support global efforts

High quality information is essential for good health, yet many individuals, practitioners, and health organisations—particularly in low and middle income countries—lack access to information. This problem has been highlighted many times,1 2 3 4 and Health Information for All 2015 (HIFA2015) was founded in 2006 with the aim that “by 2015 every person worldwide will have access to an informed healthcare provider—lack of relevant, reliable healthcare information will no longer be a major contributor to avoidable death and suffering” (www.hifa2015.org/). It is unlikely that this ambitious goal will be achieved.

In HIFA2015’s definition, the term “healthcare providers” includes mothers and family caregivers, in recognition that their basic knowledge and decisions are crucial to survival. In many countries in Africa more than 80% of children die before they even reach a health facility. The term “healthcare information” refers to health knowledge for prevention and treatment of disease rather than routine statistical data.

HIFA2015 now has 5000 members from 2000 organisations in 158 countries, and it has four global forums—HIFA2015, CHILD2015, HIFA-Portuguese, and HIFA-EVIPNet. Most of those who contribute to the forums come from low and middle income countries. The organisation has a three pronged strategy of communication (bringing together a critical …
Cardiac norepinephrine kinetics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Authors: J E Brush, G Eisenhofer, M Garty, R Stull, B J Maron, R O Cannon, J A Panza, S E Epstein, D S Goldstein
Journal: Circulation (1989)

We examined the uptake and release of norepinephrine in the cardiac circulation and other regional vascular beds in 11 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and in 10 control subjects during simultaneous infusion of tracer-labeled norepinephrine and isoproterenol. Cardiac neuronal uptake of norepinephrine was assessed by comparing regional removal of tracer-labeled norepinephrine with that of tracer-labeled isoproterenol (which is not a substrate for neuronal uptake) and by the relation between production of dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), an exclusively intraneuronal metabolite of norepinephrine, and regional spillover of norepinephrine. Cardiac extraction of norepinephrine averaged 59 +/- 17% in the patients with HCM, significantly less than in the control subjects (79 +/- 13%, p less than 0.05), whereas cardiac extraction of isoproterenol was similar in the two groups (13 +/- 23% versus 13 +/- 14%), indicating that neuronal uptake of norepinephrine was decreased in the patients with HCM. The cardiac arteriovenous difference in norepinephrine was significantly larger in the patients with HCM than in the control subjects (73 +/- 77 versus 13 +/- 50 pg/ml, p less than 0.05), as was the product of the arteriovenous difference in norepinephrine and coronary blood flow (7.3 +/- 7.3 versus 0.8 +/- 3.0 ng/min, p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
HEIGHT-WEIGHT-AGE TABLES FOR CHILDREN
Authors: C. Ward Crampton
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The editorial on "Height-Weight-Age Tables for Children" (The Journal, July 29) will do much to mark the end of an epoch of error. The reliance on weight as an indication of malnutrition has in the last decade and a half been the cause of a great deal of waste of energy and funds in public health propaganda. That it has now been deserted by its proponents is welcome news. One might venture to reenforce the lessons with which you conclude your able review. There is no one correct average weight for any age or height and one might venture to predict that there never will be. There is no one index of malnutrition, because malnutrition, whatever it may be, certainly is not a single physiologic or clinical entity. There are at least three major elements in weight. One is anthropological. The deep-breasted, broad-shouldered, brachycephalic Alpine type
Forde Everard de Wend Cayley
Authors: Jeannette Cayley
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Forde Cayley went from medical school straight into service in wartime France and then to Singapore.Captured by the Japanese, he was taken to the infamous River Kwai.The horrors he had witnessed never left him, but he believed in reconciliation, not hatred.As a postwar pioneer of drug treatment for tuberculosis, he took up the respiratory medicine post that he held until retirement.His spare time was divided between BMA activities, his work as a lay reader, and in his prolific vegetable plot.Predeceased by his wife, Eileen, he leaves two sons and three grandsons.
Manual of Preoperative and Postoperative Care
Authors: Charles H. Fuller
Journal: JAMA (1968)

This textbook-sized manual presents nothing new in the way of information, but rather garners into a concise format well-established principles and facts concerning preand postoperative care. Its list of contributors is most impressive. Nearly every chapter is written by an outstanding and recognized authority in that field, ie, Oliver Cope on "Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery," Francis Moore on "Metabolic Response to Injury." However, in spite of generally outstanding authorship, many chapters miss their mark widely, perhaps due in part to the need for brevity in so comprehensive a book. The first half of the book is devoted to "General Principles," and is directed toward a number of general problems, such as metabolic aberrations, infection, ventilation, renal failure, and special problems of infants, children, and the aged. The second half takes up surgical care of patients by body organs and systems. For the most part, the authors have presented their material
Book Review New Biological Vistas on Schizophrenia (Clinical and Experimental Psychiatry. Monograph No. 6.) Edited by Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer and Stanley R. Kay. 299 pp., illustrated. New York, Brunner/Mazel, 1992. $41.95. 0-87630-654-7
Authors: Shon W. Lewis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Medicine and Society
Authors: August Heckscher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

NO one could look about today and not be aware of the deep and rapid changes taking place in the concepts of health, in the expectations of the citizens regarding care and in the organization and method of medical services. This is one of the fascinating areas of life today, and so it was that — somewhat rashly as I have now come to believe — I accepted the invitation to enter into this discussion. Much of what I say must be tentative and questioning, and I can only hope that I may make up in freshness of view and . . .
The Impact of Illness on World Leaders
Authors: William H. McNeill
Journal: JAMA (1987)

As Dr Park remarks in his introduction,  analyzing leadership effectiveness, historians have largely ignored the medical factor (p xxii). He sets out to remedy this defect by seeking to diagnose illnesses that affected the political judgment and accomplishments of eight 20th-century statesmen: Woodrow Wilson, Paul von Hindenburg, Ramsay MacDonald, Josef Pilsudski, Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, Anthony Eden, and Adolf Hitler. In each case, he finds that illness significantly affected the statesman's conduct of public office, especially at the end of his career.  Dr Park is a neurosurgeon, sensitized to processes of dementia and brain damage, and it is this sort of illness that attracts most of his attention. His diagnoses reflect the different levels of information about the health of the men he has chosen to study. Thus, he is quite definite in dealing with Woodrow Wilson's mild but progressive dementia, possibly occurring on the basis of multiple small-vessel
Journals, Clinicians, and Medical Trends
Authors: Alfred Soffer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Medical journals have recently been criticized for publishing misleading and impractical data. One clinician decries the publication of studies that are refuted by later reports. 1 He labels these practices controversial and concludes that a medical journal should publish only material that has been completely researched, documented and approved. Another clinician insists that periodicals that publish clinical investigations are not appropriate for working doctors, and he asserts that a clinician's journal should consist exclusively of articles containing practical information that has been tested and approved. 2   Implicit in the frustration of these physicians is the belief that clinical trials must provide clearly defined conclusions that offer irrefutable clinical guidelines. Unfortunately, the foolproof clinical trial does not exist. Formulation of medical concepts is an ongoing process, and publication of even the most carefully structured clinical experiment is but one step in the historic development of new principles. We must leave to
TCT-412 Diltiazem, verapamil or dinitrate isosorbid for prevention of radial artery spasm in percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Julien Rosencher, Arthur Huber, Aures Chaib, Jacques Monsegu, Marc Antoine Arnould, Philippe Allouch, Arnaud Jegou, Emmanuel Salengro, Patrick Schiano, Olivier Varenne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Network formation through active migration of human vascular endothelial cells in a multilayered skeletal myoblast sheet
Authors: Eiji Nagamori, Trung Xuan Ngo, Yasunori Takezawa, Atsuhiro Saito, Yoshiki Sawa, Tatsuya Shimizu, Teruo Okano, Masahito Taya, Masahiro Kino-oka
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Blood groups and enzymes of human red cells after five years' storage in liquid nitrogen.
Authors: R G Huntsman, B A Hurn, E W Ikin, H Lehmann, J Liddell
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Laboratories interested in blood group serology need to preserve a reference panel of red cells of known antigenic structure. For the sake of continuous availability, especially of the rarer types, it is often desirable that the cells should be stored for long periods of time at sub-zero temperatures, a state which can be achieved without gross lysis only by the use of special techniques. For some years past we have been evaluating the quality of preservation of human red cells stored in liquid nitrogen (-196? C.) after rapid freezing of droplets of a whole blood/sucrose mixture ; the present paper records the behaviour of a panel of such cells, selected on account of their diverse grouping properties, and tested after storage for five years. The methods employed were as previously reported (Hunts man, et al., 1962).
Expression of Terminally Glycosylated Calcitonin Receptor–Like Receptor in Uterine Leiomyoma: Endothelial Phenotype and Association with Microvascular Density
Authors: Leonid L. Nikitenko, Tanya Cross, Leticia Campo, Helen Turley, Russell Leek, Sanjiv Manek, Roy Bicknell, Margaret C.P. Rees
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

The role for the hypoxia-inducible angiogenic factor adrenomedullin (AM) in tumor growth and progression has been suggested. Calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CL) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates effects of AM, but little information is available on its expression and functional state in human tumors. The present study attempted to determine CL potential for antiangiogenic therapy of uterine leiomyoma.GPCR CL is transported to the cell surface and recognized by AM only when terminally/mature glycosylated. The presence and localization of this form of the receptor in tumor and surrounding myometrial tissues obtained from leiomyoma-bearing uteri were examined using deglycosylation, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence analysis. The mature CL glycoprotein was expressed in both tissues and localized exclusively in normal and tumor endothelium within leiomyoma-bearing uteri. The functionality of the receptor expressed in myometrial microvascular endothelial cells (MMVEC) was examined in vitro using receptor internalization and angiogenic assays. The mature CL glycoprotein expressed by primary MMVECs was functional because AM interacted with this GPCR and induced its internalization as well as angiogenic effects (proliferation and migration) in MMVECs in vitro. Finally, the levels of tissue-expressed mature CL glycoprotein as a functional form of this GPCR were analyzed by immunoblotting. The expression of this functional form of the receptor in vivo was significantly decreased (P = 0.01) in leiomyoma tissue, and this was concurrent with the decrease in microvascular density (measured by Chalkley counting) in tumor compared with surrounding myometrium (P = 0.031).Our findings suggest that GPCR CL mediates angiogenic effects of AM in myometrium and that further evaluation of the properties of the CL expressed in both normal and tumor endothelium in vivo may be essential before targeting this endothelial GPCR for antiangiogenic therapies.
Angiopoietin-2 plasma dosage predicts time to first treatment and overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Rossana Maffei, Silvia Martinelli, Rita Santachiara, Davide Rossi, Carla Guarnotta, Elisa Sozzi, Antonella Zucchetto, Gian Matteo Rigolin, Stefania Fiorcari, Ilaria Castelli, Marcella Fontana, Valeria Coluccio, Giovanna Leonardi, Patrizia Zucchini, Claudio Tripodo, Antonio Cuneo, Valter Gattei, Giovanni Del Poeta, Francesco Forconi, Gianluca Gaidano, Giuseppe Torelli, Roberto Marasca
Journal: Blood (2010)
Psychosomatic Aspects of Attempted Suicide
Authors: P.E. Sifneos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Attempted suicide is viewed as a true psychosomatic disease. The painful states which are typical of a suicidal human being and the reactions which he uses to alter them are described, with particular emphasis placed on the 'motives', 'modes' and 'images', all of which help us to understand and to treat such an individual. Case examples are presented in some detail.
Liver/Pleural Cavity Scan for Diagnosis of Subphrenic Abscess
Authors: ANTHONY M. PASSALAQUA, ZVI H. OSTER, RAMESH CHANDRA, PHILIP BRAUNSTEIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

The interpretation of a combined liver/lung scan can be difficult in patients with pleural or pulmonary disease. A procedure is suggested to circumvent these difficulties by injecting 99mTc-sulfur colloid into the pleural cavity. A scan of the pleural cavity can then replace the lung scan in the conventional liver/lung scan. Two examples of liver/pleural cavity scans are shown.
Local Activation of CD8 T Cells and Systemic Tumor Eradication without Toxicity via Slow Release and Local Delivery of Agonistic CD40 Antibody
Authors: Marieke F. Fransen, Marjolein Sluijter, Hans Morreau, Ramon Arens, Cornelis J.M. Melief
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Immunotherapy against tumors with anti-CD40 agonistic antibodies has been extensively studied in preclinical animal models and recently also in clinical trials. Although promising results have been obtained, antibody (Ab)-related toxicity has been a limiting factor. We reasoned that strict local activation of tumor-specific CD8 T cells through stimulation of CD40 on the dendritic cells (DC) in the tumor area while excluding systemic stimulation might be sufficient for effective tumor eradication and can limit systemic toxicity.Preclinical in vivo models for immunogenic tumors were used to investigate the potential of delivering a nontoxic dose of agonistic anti-CD40 Ab to the tumor region, including draining lymph node, in a slow-release formulation (montanide).The delivery of anti-CD40 monoclonal Ab, formulated in slow-release Montanide ISA-51, reprograms CTLs by inducing local but not systemic DC activation, resulting in effective tumor-specific CTL responses that eradicate local and distant tumors. Adverse side effects, assayed by organ histology and liver enzymes in the blood, were much lower after local anti-CD40 Ab delivery than systemic administration. The local delivery of anti-CD40 Ab activates only CTLs against antigens presented in the tumor-draining area, because unrelated distant tumors expressing different tumor antigens were not eradicated.These results establish a novel therapeutic principle that local delivery and slow release of agonistic anti-CD40 Ab to the tumor-draining area effectively activates local tumor-specific CD8 T cells to become systemic effectors without causing systemic toxicity or nonspecific CTL activation. These findings have important implications for the use of anti-CD40 therapies in patients.
Blood pressure levels and mortality risk among hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study
Authors: Bruce M. Robinson, Lin Tong, Jinyao Zhang, Robert A. Wolfe, David A. Goodkin, Roger N. Greenwood, Peter G. Kerr, Hal Morgenstern, Yun Li, Ronald L. Pisoni, Rajiv Saran, Francesca Tentori, Tadao Akizawa, Shunichi Fukuhara, Friedrich K. Port
Journal: Kidney International (2012)