tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in endotoxin-induced pneumonia evaluated using ICAM-1 antisense oligonucleotides, anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibodies, and ICAM-1 mutant mice.
Authors: T Kumasaka, W M Quinlan, N A Doyle, T P Condon, J Sligh, F Takei, A l Beaudet, C F Bennett, C M Doerschuk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

This study examined the effectiveness of antisense oligonucleotides targeted to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) to inhibit endotoxin-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 and neutrophil emigration and compared the apparent role of ICAM-1 when examined using antisense oligonucleotides, anti-ICAM-1 antibodies, and ICAM-1 mutant mice. Antisense oligonucleotides inhibited upregulation of ICAM-1 mRNA at 4 and 24 h after instillation of endotoxin in a dose-dependent manner. Neutrophil emigration into the alveolar spaces at 24 h was inhibited by 59%, similar to inhibition using the anti-ICAM-1 antibodies 3E2 (58%) and YN1/1 (75%). No inhibition was observed in the ICAM-1 mutant compared to wild-type mice. These data show that antisense oligonucleotides targeted to ICAM-1 inhibit the endotoxin-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 in the lung and are as effective as anti-ICAM-1 antibodies in preventing neutrophil emigration. The incomplete inhibition by either antisense oligonucleotides or antibodies suggests that alternative adhesion pathways that do not require ICAM-1 are important in neutrophil emigration in the lungs. The disparity in the role of ICAM-1 when evaluated using antisense or antibodies compared to mutant mice suggests that either these inhibitors are exerting additional effects on endothelial cells other than blockade of ICAM-1 or mutant mice have upregulated the ICAM-1-independent pathways to compensate for the long-term loss of ICAM-1.
Bacterial meningitis following upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis - bear it in mind
Authors: M. Legrand, J. Denis, F. Drouhin, L. Lecuyer, R. Plat, A. Van De Louw, S. Thierry
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Bacterial infections are common in cirrhotic patients as a result of defects in their immune defense system [1]. We report two patients with cirrhosis who developed meningitis following upper endoscopy.
Factor XIII deficiency mistaken for battered child syndrome: Case of “correct” test ordering negated by a commonly accepted qualitative test with limited negative predictive value
Authors: Richard S. Newman, Mehrdad Jalili, Bradley J. Kolls, Rosalind Dietrich
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract We report herein a case of Factor XIII deficiency that remained undiagnosed until 2 years of age. Part of the delay in diagnosis was a consequence of testing that was performed on a blood sample obtained after plasma transfusion therapy for a life‐threatening bleeding episode. Due to insufficient family follow‐up after discharge from the hospital, the diagnosis was delayed 1 year until the child was rehospitalized and a pre‐transfusion plasma sample was tested. The commonly accepted approach of using only a qualitative test for the diagnosis of factor XIII deficiency is challenged by this case report. Am. J. Hematol. 71:328–330, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Unmasking of Medicine
Authors: Stanley Joel Reiser
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The scope of this book is large—to clarify the role of medical technology in shaping the lives of patients and physicians, and the values of medicine; to compare the effects of bedside-based medicine and social and public health measures in bringing health and restraining illness; to discuss the problems physicians and patients have in attempting to share power and decide on actions in the therapeutic relationship. Analysis of these matters is urgent. The rapid pace of biomedical innovation creates an enlarging set of problems for medicine and society concerning the choice of the values, laws, and institutional structures to be used in reaching judgments. Ian Kennedy, the author, is an attorney and director of a center in England concerned with matters of medicine, law, and ethics. This book is based on a group of talks given over the BBC in 1980 (the Reith Lectures). The author is concerned that physicians
Flurothyl (Indoklon) Side Effects
Authors: BERNARD J. DOLENZ
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

The technical difficulties and obviation factors of flurothyl treatment (ICT) are discussed. Toxic delirium problems, as well as a cardiac arrest patient who recovered, are described. It is felt that flurothyl is a new somatic treatment tool in psychiatry and that its effects are different from electrically-induced convulsions. Contrary to what is generally thought about convulsive therapy, it is felt that there is a qualitative difference between the convulsions produced by ICT and by ECT. Patients who have not responded well to ECT have responded to ICT, and the converse is true. That the effects of flurothyl are more diffuse in the brain, that cerebrospinal fluid pressures are increased more, and that MAOs apparently influence the flurothyl-treated patients with blood pressure elevation suggest appreciable differences in the resultant convulsions and perhaps explain therapeutic response.
IMPACT OF VESSEL STRETCH AND PLAQUE REDUCTION ON NEOINTIMAL PROLIFERATION AFTER DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION: A POOLED VOLUMETRIC INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS
Authors: Kyuhachi Otagiri, Kenji Sakamoto, Hideki Kitahara, Paul Yock, Peter Fitzgerald, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Applying a managerial approach to day surgery
Authors: Alberto Onetti
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2008)

The present article explores the day surgery topic assuming a managerial perspective. If we assume such a perspective, day surgery can be considered as a business model decision care and not just a surgical procedure alternative to the traditional ones requiring patient hospitalization. In this article we highlight the main steps required to develop a strategic approach [Cotta Ramusino E, Onetti A. Strategia d'Impresa. Milano; Il Sole 24 Ore; Second Edition, 2007] at hospital level (Onetti A, Greulich A. Strategic management in hospitals: the balanced scorecard approach. Milano: Giuffé; 2003) and to make day surgery part of it. It means understanding: how and when day surgery can improve the health care providers' overall performance both in terms of clinical effectiveness and financial results, and, how to organize and integrate it with the other hospital activities in order to make it work. Approaching day surgery as a business model decision requires to address in advance a list of potential issues and necessitates of continued audit to verify the results. If it does happen, day surgery can be both safe and cost effective and impact positively on surgical patient satisfaction. We propose a sort of "check-up list" useful to hospital managers and doctors that are evaluating the option of introducing day surgery or are trying to optimize it.
Confetti-like lesions with hyperkeratosis: a novel ultraviolet-induced hypomelanotic disorder?
Authors: C. Loquai, D. Metze, D. Nashan, T.A. Luger, M. Bohm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Confetti leucoderma can occur in a variety of unrelated skin disorders and is often a diagnostic challenge. We describe a 33‐year‐old man with a history of mycosis fungoides and vitiligo. He developed disseminated 1–2‐mm round‐shaped leucodermic lesions 6 months after psoralen photochemotherapy and 12 months after systemic therapy with interferon. The skin lesions had a discrete hyperkeratotic scale. Multiple skin biopsies and immunohistochemical studies showed lamellar orthohyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, hypomelanotic keratinocytes but a normal number of melanocytes. Langerhans cells, in contrast, were reduced in lesional skin. Electron microscopy disclosed only a few type I and II melanosomes in lesional melanocytes, while keratinocytes were largely devoid of any melanosomes. This constellation of clinical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings has not been reported before and distinguishes our case from leucoderma punctatum, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis and disseminated hypopigmented keratoses. We suggest that the skin lesions observed in our patient represent an unusual response to ultraviolet damage to melanocytes followed by reactive epidermal hyperkeratosis.
Constitutive expression of IL-12Rβ2 on human multiple myeloma cells delineates a novel therapeutic target
Authors: Irma Airoldi, Claudia Cocco, Nicola Giuliani, Marina Ferrarini, Simona Colla, Emanuela Ognio, Giuseppe Taverniti, Emma Di Carlo, Giovanna Cutrona, Vittorio Perfetti, Vittorio Rizzoli, Domenico Ribatti, Vito Pistoia
Journal: Blood (2008)
Clinical Phenotypes of Different MPZ (P0) Mutations May Include Charcot–Marie–Tooth Type 1B, Dejerine–Sottas, and Congenital Hypomyelination
Authors: Laura E Warner, Max J Hilz, Stanley H Appel, James M Killian, Edwin H Kolodny, George Karpati, Stirling Carpenter, Gordon V Watters, Calvin Wheeler, David Witt, Adria Bodell, Eva Nelis, Christine Van Broeckhoven, James R Lupski
Journal: Neuron (1996)

Hereditary demyelinating peripheral neuropathies consist of a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that includes hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT), Dejerine–Sottas syndrome (DSS), and congenital hypomyelination (CH). The clinical classification of these neuropathies into discrete categories can sometimes be difficult because there can be both clinical and pathologic variation and overlap between these disorders. We have identified five novel mutations in the myelin protein zero (MPZ) gene, encoding the major structural protein (P0) of peripheral nerve myelin, in patients with either CMT1B, DSS, or CH. This finding suggests that these disorders may not be distinct pathophysiologic entities, but rather represent a spectrum of related "myelinopathies" due to an underlying defect in myelination. Furthermore, we hypothesize the differences in clinical severity seen with mutations in MPZ are related to the type of mutation and its subsequent effect on protein function (i.e., loss of function versus dominant negative).
Needle Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Malignant Glioma
Authors: Lawrence F. Marshall
Journal: JAMA (1974)

When malignant gliomas involve either deep structures or more than one lobe in the dominant hemisphere, radical surgery has little to offer. Yet, because such lesions may mimic treatable conditions, it is usual to insist on a tissue diagnosis. An alternative to major surgery (craniotomy) is needle biopsy. In a series of 60 cases of suspected malignant or inoperable gliomas, the diagnosis was made with the use of needle biopsy in 53 (88%); only seven patients required craniotomy. Needle biopsy through a burr hole has proved safe and reliable and can be done under local anesthesia. (<i>JAMA</i>228:1417-1418, 1974)
The Inadequacy of Bishop's Antitoxin Hypothesis to Explain Fully the Symptomatology in Morphin Addiction
Authors: C. C. Wholey
Journal: JAMA (1913)

To the Editor:  —Dr. Bishop in his article on narcotic addiction inThe Journal(Feb. 8, 1913, p 431). does not, it seems to me, lay sufficient emphasis on the part played by the nervous system in the symptomatology of drug addiction. Whether or not we accept his hypothesis of antitoxin development in morphin users, it comes up to us in the end to deal with the addiction as manifesting itself in a disordered mental and nervous system. Therapeutically, we use narcotic drugs in order to produce some definite effect on or through the nervous system. In addiction the patient attempts to continue indefinitely a reaction which takes place physiologically in therapeusis.  Thus the nervous system deprived of opportunity for normal functioning through the inhibiting influence of a drug necessarily becomes pathologic in its reactions. In the case of morphinism physiologic tolerance is quickly exceeded; toxic effects are noticed practically
DERMATOMYOSITIS: A CLINICAL OF TWENTY-THREE CASES IN HONG KONG
Authors: K. O. WONG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

SUMMARY.— Twenty-three cases of dermatomyositis are reported of which 12 (52%) were associated with internal malignancy. In the patients over 40 years of age, malignant diseases were encountered in 69%, while only one of 7 cases under 40 had associated malignancy. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma accounted for 75% of the malignant disease. A distinctive skin eruption, consisting of hyperkeratotic, follicular, erythematous papules, is described. On the face, trunk and limbs, the papules tended to become confluent. Along the tendons and over the bony prominences on the backs of the hands and feet, the eruption was usually arranged in a linear fashion. There was alopecia of the scalp. On the palms and soles were hyperkeratotic papules or plaques. The occurrence of this form of eruption in dermatomyositis may be influenced by racial factors.
A Further Fond Farewell to Shy and Drager
Authors: Irwin J. Schatz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 February 1997A Further Fond Farewell to Shy and DragerIrwin J. Schatz, MDIrwin J. Schatz, MDUniversity of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-4-199702150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Engel's touching reminiscence emphasizes that the observations of Shy and Drager were extraordinarily important. In fact, the modern era of clinical and pathologic investigations of autonomic dysfunction began with their report.It is comforting to know that Dr. Shy was the kind of investigator who would accept the passing of the Shy-Drager eponym with equanimity. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Irwin J. Schatz, MDAffiliations: University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1997Volume 126, Issue 4Page: 334 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
On the Adaptation in Sodium Excretion in Chronic Uremia. THE EFFECTS OF “PROPORTIONAL REDUCTION” OF SODIUM INTAKE
Authors: R. William Schmidt, Jacques J. Bourgoignie, Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Renal mass and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were reduced from normal to approximately 15% of normal in two groups of dogs. One group received a constant salt intake (CSI) throughout the study. The second group was subjected to "proportional reduction" of sodium intake (PRS), a dietary regimen which involved the reduction of sodium intake in exact proportion to the decrement in GFR. In the CSI group, absolute sodium excretion rate (U(Na)V) remained essentially unchanged as GFR fell, while fractional sodium excretion (FE(Na)) increased progressively from a mean control value of 0.3% to a final value of 4.4%. In the PRS group, U(Na)V decreased with each reduction in GFR and salt intake, and FE(Na) remained constant throughout. In a second study, the fraction of serum that previously has been shown to possess natriuretic activity in studies of uremic patients was obtained from a group of uremic dogs on the CSI and from another group on the PRS regimen, and the effects of the fraction was measured on sodium excretion in rats. The serum fractions from the dogs on the CSI regimen produced a significant increase in both U(Na)V and FE(Na) in the assay rats. The same serum fraction from the dogs on the PRS regimen failed to produce a significant increase in either U(Na)V or FE(Na). The data are consistent with the view that (a) The increase in FE(Na) in chronically uremic dogs is dictated by the requirements for external sodium balance and may be prevented by prospective manipulation of salt intake: (b) a natriuretic factor, previously shown to exist in the serum of patients with chronic uremia, is also demonstrable in the serum of uremic dogs; and (c) with the present bioassay system, the factor is not detectable in the serum fraction of uremic dogs in which the requirements for an increased natriuresis per nephron have been obviated.
Rheumatoid arthritis preceding the onset of polyarticular tophaceous gout.
Authors: A Zonana-Nacach, G S Alarcon, W W Daniel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1996)

Associations of HLA-DRB and HLA-DRQ genes with two and five year outcomes in rheumatoid arthritisWe were interested in the results of the longitudinal study by Eberhardt and colleagues,' who examined the relationship between HLA-DRB and HLA-DRQ genes and outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis.Their results, showing a lack of relationship between HLA-DQ variants and articular disease severity, are in keeping with the results of our previous cross-sectional study that showed no influence of HILA-DQ variants on articular disease severity, in addition to demonstrating a definite re- lationship between homozygosity for HLA- DR4 and severity of articular disease.Eberhardt and-coworkers have gone on to look for a relationship between HLA variants and risk of extra-articular disease.Again, in previous studies we have looked at this relationship,3 and showed in cross-sectional studies that different forms of extra-articular rheumatoid disease such as Felty's syndrome, major vasculitis, and various forms of lung disease have different HLA associations.We consider this is an important point to make, as such associations may be lost if different forms of extra-articular rheumatoid disease are analysed together.The HLA associations in Felty's syndrome and in major forms of rheumatoid vasculitis have been particularly interesting, in that Felty's syndrome has shown an association with a particular HLA haplotype (B44-Bfs-C4A*3-C4B*Q0-DR4-DQB1*0301), while major rheumatoid vasculitis has shown associations with the DRB1*0401 variant of HLA-DR4 and with the C4 null allele, C4A*QO.
A Phase II Study of Dasatinib in Patients with Chemosensitive Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer (Cancer and Leukemia Group B 30602)
Authors: Antonius A. Miller, Herbert Pang, Lydia Hodgson, Nithya Ramnath, Gregory A. Otterson, Michael J. Kelley, Robert A. Kratzke, Everett E. Vokes
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Rat liver epithelial cells: When it comes to differentiation, there's no place like home
Authors: Douglas C. Hixson, Ronald A. Faris
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Following intrahepatic transplantation in adult syngeneic Fischer 344 rats, diploid cultured rat liver epithelial cells (WB-F344), modified to carry the Eschericia coli β-galactosidase reporter gene and/or the fluorescent membrane dye PKH26-GL, integrate into hepatic plates and acquire the size and nuclear structure of mature hepatocytes. Additionally, of two aneuploid, neoplastically transformed derivatives of WB-F344 cells, both of which produce aggressively growing tumors when transplanted subcutaneously, cells of one line (GN6TF) do not produce tumors in the liver but integrate into hepatic plates and morphologically differentiate. The other transformed line (GP7TB) retains tumorigenicity in the liver, but cells in the intrahepatic tumors are more differentiated morphologically than are tumors at subcutaneous sites. These results suggest that WB-F344 cells are stemlike cells for hepatocytes and that the hepatic microenvironment induces them to incorporate into hepatic plates and differentiate. Our results also suggest that the hepatic microenvironment regulates the differentiation of some neoplastically transformed hepatic stemlike cells, thereby eliminating or reducing their tumorigenic potential.
Legal Regulation of Physician-Assisted Death — The Latest Report Cards
Authors: Timothy E. Quill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

In 2002, the government of the Netherlands explicitly legalized euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. These controversial end-of-life practices had been openly tolerated and studied for many years before legalization, and Dutch physicians were expected to voluntarily report their participation in these acts, trusting that they would be acquitted of any legal wrongdoing provided that they had met the accepted criteria for "careful practice." Not surprisingly, the reporting rates have increased since the law was passed — from 18% in 1990 to approximately 80% in 2005, as reported by van der Heide and colleagues in this issue of the Journal (pages 1957–1965). . . .
Cardiac cause of hypoxaemia in a kyphoscoliotic patient
Authors: I Herry, B Iung, JY Piechaud, F Saidi, C Mayaud, A Boissonnas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

This report presents the case of a 73 yr-old female in whom kyphoscoliosis, osteoporotic vertebra compression fractures and sternal injury resulted in severe respiratory failure and hypoxaemia. Pulmonary function testing showed moderate restrictive pattern and rare mismatches were found on lung ventilation/perfusion scanning. Transoesophageal echocardiography with contrast studies showed abnormal anatomic mediastinal interactions which led to right-to-left interatrial shunt, through patent foremen ovale. First-intention treatment, because of orthopaedic and respiratory surgical restraints, was to close the shunt using transcatheter devices. Follow-up after 6 months demonstrated that these interauricular umbrella devices corrected arterial hypoxaemia. True right-to-left interatrial shunts can be found in kyphoscoliotic patients, as a result of thoracic deformation, and can be safely treated with percutaneous trancatheter closure.
Haploinsufficiency of Krüppel-Like Factor 5 Rescues the Tumor-Initiating Effect of the <i>ApcMin</i> Mutation in the Intestine
Authors: Beth B. McConnell, Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, Mandayam O. Nandan, Amr M. Ghaleb, Frank J. Gordon, Vincent W. Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Inactivation of the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli, with the resultant activation of β-catenin, is the initiating event in the development of a majority of colorectal cancers. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), a proproliferative transcription factor, is highly expressed in the proliferating intestinal crypt epithelial cells. To determine whether KLF5 contributes to intestinal adenoma formation, we examined tumor burdens in ApcMin/+ mice and ApcMin/+/Klf5+/− mice. Compared with ApcMin/+ mice, ApcMin/+/Klf5+/− mice had a 96% reduction in the number of intestinal adenomas. Reduced tumorigenicity in the ApcMin/+/Klf5+/− mice correlated with reduced levels and nuclear localization of β-catenin as well as reduced expression of two β-catenin targets, cyclin D1 and c-Myc. In vitro studies revealed a physical interaction between KLF5 and β-catenin that enhanced the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of β-catenin. Thus, KLF5 is necessary for the tumor-initiating activity of β-catenin during intestinal adenoma formation in ApcMin/+ mice, and reduced expression of KLF5 offsets the tumor-initiating activity of the ApcMin mutation by reducing the nuclear localization and activity of β-catenin. [Cancer Res 2009;69(10):4125–33]