tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Insulin modulation of an endothelial nitric oxide component present in the alpha2- and beta-adrenergic responses in human forearm.
Authors: G Lembo, G Iaccarino, C Vecchione, E Barbato, R Izzo, D Fontana, B Trimarco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We explored in 51 normal subjects, distributed in various series of experiments, whether endothelium nitric oxide may play a role in insulin modulation of alpha2- and beta-adrenergic- evoked vascular responses. In particular, we examined the forearm blood flow response (FBF, ml.min-1.dl-1) to intrabrachial infusion of BHT-933 (0.5, 1, and 2 microg.min-1.dl-1) or isoproterenol (1, 3, and 6 ng. min-1.dl-1) in control conditions, during intrabrachial infusion of insulin alone (0.05 mU.kg-1.min-1) and associated with l-N-monomethylarginine (L-NMMA) (0.05 microg.min-1.dl-1), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. In control conditions both BHT-933 and isoproterenol induced a dose-dependent vascular response. Local hyperinsulinemia (deep venous plasma insulin 68.5+/-4 microU/ml) did not change basal FBF whereas attenuated BHT-933 vasoconstriction and enhanced isoproterenol vasodilation. L-NMMA reduced basal FBF and abolished the insulin effect on BHT-933 and isoproterenol response. To clarify whether a nitric oxide component is included in alpha2- and beta-adrenergic response and may be responsible for insulin vascular effect, we further examined BHT-933 and isoproterenol responses during nitric oxide inhibition. Interestingly, L-NMMA potentiated the BHT-933 vasoconstriction and attenuated the isoproterenol vasodilation and, in these conditions, insulin was no more able to exhibit its vascular effects. Finally, to rule out the possibility that the conteracting effect of L-NMMA may not be specifically related to insulin action, dose-response curves to phenylephrine (0.5, 1, and 2 microg.min-1.dl-1) or sodium nitroprusside (1, 2, and 4 microg.min-1.dl-1) were also performed. Both insulin and L-NMMA were unable to alter the phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction and the sodium nitroprusside vasodilation. In conclusion, our data demonstrate an endothelial nitric oxide component in the alpha2- and beta-adrenergic vascular responses which is the target of the insulin vascular action.
Transient Passovoy defect during a febrile illness
Authors: Sucha Nand, James V. Jordan, Michael P. Merchut, J. Paul O'Keefe
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract The Passovoy defect is a recently characterized hemorrhagic diathesis. We describe a patient with a febrile illness, possibly from Epstein‐Barr (EB) virus, who acquired this defect transiently. Prothrombin time; assays for factors VIII, IX, XI, XII; and Fletcher (prekallikrein) and Fitzgerald (high molecular weight kininogen) factors were normal. No definite circulating inhibitor could be demonstrated. The transient Passovoy defect could possibly be ascribed to the infectious process or sulfisoxazole, which the patient had received.
Juxtaposition of the Atrial Appendages
Authors: HENRY R. WAGNER, LUIS E. ALDAY, PETER VLAD
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Six cases of juxtaposition of the atrial appendages are documented by necropsied specimens and analyzed. A high incidence of conotruncal anomalies, especially transposition of the great arteries, further A-V valve abnormalities, and pulmonary valve atresia, is found. The recognition of juxtaposition of the atrial appendages during cardiac catheterization should alert the investigator to the presence of a complex cardiac anomaly. A case with a rare type of right juxtaposition of the atrial appendages and bizarre spatial orientation of the atria, ventricles, and great arteries is presented.
Fundamental re-think on smoking is needed
Authors: P. D. Jepson
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Excuse my naivety, but isn’t smoking’s continued legality one of the most important factors accounting for its slow rate of decline?1 Any other drug causing a fraction of the morbidity and mortality of tobacco would have been outlawed long ago, putting aside alcohol for the moment.

In 2010 mephedrone became a class …
Thyroid hormone improves function and Ca2+ handling in pressure overload hypertrophy. Association with increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and alpha-myosin heavy chain in rat hearts.
Authors: K C Chang, V M Figueredo, J H Schreur, K Kariya, M W Weiner, P C Simpson, S A Camacho
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

We asked whether thyroid hormone (T4) would improve heart function in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) induced by pressure overload (aortic banding). After banding for 10-22 wk, rats were treated with T4 or saline for 10-14 d. Isovolumic LV pressure and cytosolic [Ca2+] (indo-1) were assessed in perfused hearts. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), phospholamban, and alpha- and beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC) proteins were assayed in homogenates of myocytes isolated from the same hearts. Of 14 banded hearts treated with saline, 8 had compensated LVH with normal function (LVHcomp), whereas 6 had abnormal contraction, relaxation, and calcium handling (LVHdecomp). In contrast, banded animals treated with T4 had no myocardial dysfunction; these hearts had increased contractility, and faster relaxation and cytosolic [Ca2+] decline compared with LVHcomp and LVHdecomp. Myocytes from banded hearts treated with T4 were hypertrophied but had increased concentrations of alpha-MHC and SERCA proteins, similar to physiological hypertrophy induced by exercise. Thus thyroid hormone improves LV function and calcium handling in pressure overload hypertrophy, and these beneficial effects are related to changes in myocyte gene expression. Induction of physiological hypertrophy by thyroid hormone-like signaling might be a therapeutic strategy for treating cardiac dysfunction in pathological hypertrophy and heart failure.
Abstract 12782: Effect of Aging on Left Ventricular Compliance and Distensibility in Healthy Sedentary Humans
Authors: Naoki Fujimoto, Jeffrey L Hastings, Paul S Bhella, Shigeki Shibata, Nainesh K Gandhi, Graeme C Carrick-Ranson, M Dean Palmer, Benjamin D Levine
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Healthy, but sedentary aging leads to marked atrophy and stiffening of the heart, with substantially reduced cardiac compliance. However, when in the aging process cardiac stiffening an...
Travel Medicine 1991: New Frontiers
Authors: Phyllis E. Kozarsky, Hans O. Lobel, Robert Steffen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Editorials1 October 1991Travel Medicine 1991: New FrontiersPhyllis E. Kozarsky, MD, Hans O. Lobel, MD, Robert Steffen, MDPhyllis E. Kozarsky, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Hans O. Lobel, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Robert Steffen, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-574 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTravel medicine has existed for years as a "cottage industry" composed of a heterogeneous group of persons scattered around the globe who gave travelers health recommendations based on fact and fancy. In recent years, research has provided a scientific basis for disease prevention and treatment guidelines for travelers.The growing interest in travel medicine was evident at the second Conference on International Travel Medicine, held from 9 to 12 May 1991 in Atlanta, Georgia, and attended by 825 persons from 45 countries. Participants included physicians; nurses; public-health workers; corporate, government, and military personnel; and members of the travel industry and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Phyllis E. Kozarsky, MD; Hans O. Lobel, MD; Robert Steffen, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTravel medicine in hospitality: an interdisciplinary perspectiveIncidence and Precipitating Factors of Morbidity among Israeli Travelers AbroadTropical DiseasesNow We Know Who We Are and What We Do…, Where Do We Go From Here?A Survey of Travel Clinics Throughout the WorldInadequacies in Health Recommendations Provided for International Travelers by North American Travel Health AdvisorsTravel medicine: 2. Upon return *EVALUATION OF SKIN PROBLEMS 1 October 1991Volume 115, Issue 7Page: 574-575KeywordsArmed forcesTreatment guidelines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hypoxia-Regulated Delta-like 1 Homologue Enhances Cancer Cell Stemness and Tumorigenicity
Authors: Yuri Kim, Qun Lin, Daniel Zelterman, Zhong Yun
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Reduced oxygenation, or hypoxia, inhibits differentiation and facilitates stem cell maintenance. Hypoxia commonly occurs in solid tumors and promotes malignant progression. Hypoxic tumors are aggressive and exhibit stem cell-like characteristics. It remains unclear, however, whether and how hypoxia regulates cancer cell differentiation and maintains cancer cell stemness. Here, we show that hypoxia increases the expression of the stem cell gene DLK1, or delta-like 1 homologue (Drosophila), in neuronal tumor cells. Inhibition of DLK1 enhances spontaneous differentiation, decreases clonogenicity, and reduces in vivo tumor growth. Overexpression of DLK1 inhibits differentiation and enhances tumorigenic potentials. We further show that the DLK1 cytoplasmic domain, especially Tyrosine339 and Serine355, is required for maintaining both clonogenicity and tumorigenicity. Because elevated DLK1 expression is found in many tumor types, our observations suggest that hypoxia and DLK1 may constitute an important stem cell pathway for the regulation of cancer stem cell-like functionality and tumorigenicity.
Serologic Evidence of Coxsackievirus Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Gordon C. Brown
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The incidence of certain virus infections in pregnant women was determined serologically in an effort to demonstrate their possible association with congenital anomalies. Significantly more mothers of infants with congenital heart disease were shown to have experienced infection with coxsackieviruses than did matched control women. Coxsackievirus B types 3 and 4 were most frequently associated with malformed infants. Most infections were shown to have occurred during the first trimester of pregnancy. Patient diaries of illness kept by women during pregnancy revealed that half of the infections were completely subclinical. No difference in incidence of infection with other viruses between the anomaly and control groups could be demonstrated.
PHYSICAL STANDARDS OF NATIONAL GUARDSMEN.
Authors: J. FRANCIS CALEF
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The object of this paper is to elicit discussion and lead up to uniformity of action in all the states. That I may conserve your time, I shall be brief, and beg that my brevity may not be mistaken for dogmatism. Political history demonstrates that every nation has frequent crises in its affairs when the show of armed force is necessary. Ability to rapidly mobilize a formidable fighting force makes for peace. Industrially and commercially that country is the strongest which can spare the largest per cent. of its men to civil employments. The policy of territorial expansion beyond seas, by whatever form of government adopted, has always required a larger military establishment than would have been required had the same territory been contiguous to the mother land. This counry must then in its present situation be either equipped with a large standing army or cultivate within its industrial class
Guideline-defined asthma control: a challenge for primary care
Authors: M. L. Levy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Primary care health professionals are faced with many challenges, not least of which are related to the complexities involved in diagnosing, investigating and managing asthma patients. This is further complicated by the fact that general practitioners (GPs), in their daily routine, are faced with patients presenting with hundreds of different types of medical, social and general problems, as opposed to specialist colleagues who deal with a relatively limited number of medical conditions. A typical consultation in general practice involves identifying the patient’s presenting problem, hypothesising possible aetiologies, examination, performing and arranging investigations, decisions on further management, addressing preventative medical issues (such as immunisations, cervical cytology and advice on lifestyle) and sometimes referral for specialist advice or care, all within time slots of 6–12 mins. It is therefore not surprising, though still shocking, that asthma diagnosis, reduction of symptoms through treatment and management of severely ill patients, who subsequently die from asthma 1, have been and continue to be major challenges for those working in primary care.

Given the varying circumstances and working conditions experienced by GPs, application, implementation and adherence to guidelines in practice, during the consultation, provide further challenges. This subject has been researched and discussed extensively in the last two decades. Neville et al. 2 and later Pinnock et al. 3 demonstrated a clear lack of adherence in the 1990s to the British Guidelines for asthma care 4, 5, both by primary and secondary care colleagues. More recently, in 2005–2006, 15 Scottish general practices participated in an evaluation study 6 implementing three recommendations of the recent British Guidelines on the Management of Asthma 7. While the GPs’ awareness of the recommendations was fairly good, their implementation of one of these in particular was disappointing: only 58 (23%) out of 254 …
Tuberculosis of the Aorta
Authors: Frederick I. Volini
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The advances made in recent years in the medical and surgical management of tuberculosis have prompted a renewed interest in a form of tuberculosis which mainly affects the aorta. The disease, while uncommon, is important because it will lead to serious consequences if untreated. Generally, the aorta becomes involved by direct extension from periaortic foci such as tuberculous lymph nodes or psoas abscesses and this finally results in aneurysm formation or perforation or both. Fatal complications can be prevented by early recognition and prompt surgical intervention. These principles are illustrated by the case histories of a woman aged 25 and 2 men aged 59 and 60 years.
Quantitative analysis of anti-hepatitis C virus antibody-secreting B cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Takeji Umemura, Richard Y.‐H. Wang, Cathy Schechterly, J. Wai‐Kuo Shih, Kendo Kiyosawa, Harvey J. Alter
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

To investigate the quantitative characteristics of humoral immunity in patients with hepatitis C, we established an enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay for detection of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-secreting B cells. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated 100% specificity and 58% to 92% sensitivity for detecting B-cell responses to NS5b, NS3, E2, and core antigens. The median sum of anti-HCV-secreting B cells to all HCV antigens tested was significantly higher in 39 patients with chronic hepatitis C (47.3 spot forming cells [SFCs]/10(6) peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs]) than in 9 recovered subjects (15.3 SFCs/10(6) PBMCs; P = .05) or 11 uninfected controls (5.3 SFCs/10(6) PBMCs; P < .001); the significant difference (P = .018) in chronic versus recovered patients was in reactivity to nonstructural antigens NS3 and NS5b. Anti-HCV immunoglubulin M (IgM)-secreting B cells were also readily detected and persisted decades into HCV infection; there was no difference in IgM-positive cells between chronic and recovered patients. ELISpot reactivity to genotype 1-derived antigens was equivalent in patients of genotypes 1, 2, and 3. There was significant correlation between the numbers of anti-HCV IgG-secreting B cells and serum aminotransferase and to the level of circulating antibody. In conclusion, ELISpot assays can be adapted to study B-cell as well as T-cell responses to HCV. Measurement at the single-cell level suggests that humoral immunity plays a minor role in recovery from HCV infection and that B-cell immunity is strongest in those with persistent infection.
A Skin Marking Agent
Authors: R. F. Christoph
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  Skin marking is not new, but a satisfactory marking agent valuable in routine use for all incisions is important. A common need for skin marking is in varicose vein surgery. We are familiar with silver nitrate that persists for months or burns the skin, solutions that vanish with the preoperative scrub, and pin scratches that are too shallow and disappear, or too deep causing scars or infection.  A good skin marking solution should be nonirritating, and unaffected by the usual preoperative preparation. It should dry quickly and not soil the bed clothes.  Investigation and trial of various combinations of ingredients resulted in the preparation we are using at present, which has most of the qualities desired. It has been used without skin reactions in more than 700 asthma patients to localize the incision for cervical glomectomy.  The skin solution can be prepared by the hospital pharmacy as
Proposed Statutory Definition of "Voluntary and Informed Consent"
Authors: ROBERT J. LEVINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Editorial Notes1 May 1980Proposed Statutory Definition of "Voluntary and Informed Consent"ROBERT J. LEVINE, M.D.ROBERT J. LEVINE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-5-699 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe drug regulation reform act of 1979 (S. 1075) has been passed by the Senate and is now on the agenda of the House of Representatives. Dorsen and Miller (1) recently reviewed some features of this bill and concluded that, although it is not perfect, it "merits support." They did not, however, point out that S. 1075 would create a statutory definition of "voluntary and informed consent," specify requirements for its documentation in most cases, extend consent standards designed for research into aspects of medical practice, and prescribe stern criminal penalties for noncompliance. Because of some serious flaws in the...References1. DORSENMILLER NJ. The drug regulation process and the challenge of regulatory reform. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:908-13. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LEVINE R. The Senate's proposed statutory definition of "voluntary and informed consent." IRB Rev Hum Subjects Res. 1980;2(4):8-10. Google Scholar3. LEVINE R. Clarifying the concepts of research ethics. Hastings Center Rep. 1979;9(3):21-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended October, 1976. Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976 (Stock No. 017-012-00239-1.) Google Scholar5. LEVINE R. The institutional review board. In : THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS OF BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH: Report and Recommendations: Institutional Review Boards (Appendix). Washington, D.C: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978:4.1-4.73. (DHEW Publication No. (OS) 78-0009.) Google Scholar6. LEBACQZLEVINE KR. Respect for persons and informed consent to participate in research. Clin Res. 1977;25:101-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. BRADY J. A consent form does not informed consent make. IRB Rev Hum Subjects Res. 1979;1 (7):6-7. Google Scholar8. INGELFINGER F. The unethical in medical ethics. Ann Intern Med. 1975;83:264-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1980Volume 92, Issue 5Page: 699-700KeywordsDrug regulationResearch design Issue Published: 1 May 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Human Leukocyte Interferon to Control Thrombocytosis in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Moshe Talpaz, Giora Mavligit, Michael Keating, Ronald S. Walters, Jordan U. Gutterman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Nine patients with refractory chronic myelogenous leukemia and severe symptomatic thrombocytosis (≥ 1 x 106 platelets/mm3) were given partially purified human leukocyte interferon-alpha. A significant decline in platelet counts, from a mean (> SE) of 1.71 ± 0.53 x 106/mm3 to a mean of 0.52 ± 0.24 x 106/mm3 (p < 0.01), resulted in all patients. Maintenance of low platelet counts was achieved in two patients for more than 143 and 300 days, respectively. Treatment with human leukocyte interferon-alpha was stopped in the remaining patients because of increases in the leukocyte count, toxicity, or both. Our preliminary observations suggest that human leukocyte interferon-alpha may significantly alleviate progressive thrombocytosis in advanced chronic myelogenous leukemia. Further studies of human leukocyte interferon-alpha and chemotherapeutic agents are indicated.
(19) Prevalence of serum antibodies reactive with wheat gliadin and other dietary proteins in dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: M.S. Lewis-Jones, R.M.R. Barnes, R. Finn, P.M. Johnson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article (19) Prevalence of serum antibodies reactive with wheat gliadin and other dietary proteins in dermatitis herpetiformis Get access M.S. Lewis‐Jones, M.S. Lewis‐Jones Department of Dermatology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.M.R. Barnes, R.M.R. Barnes Department of Immunology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Finn, R. Finn Department of Dermatology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.M. Johnson P.M. Johnson Department of Immunology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue s32, 1 June 1987, Pages 41–42, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb12037.x Published: 01 June 1987
Pharmacokinetics and Mechanism of Action of a Doxorubicin-Monoclonal Antibody 9.2.27 Conjugate Directed to a Human Melanoma Proteoglycan
Authors: H. M. Yang, R. A. Reisfeld
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Pharmacokinetics and Mechanism of Action of a Doxorubicin-Monoclonal Antibody 9.2.27 Conjugate Directed to a Human Melanoma Proteoglycan Get access H. Ming Yang, H. Ming Yang Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ralph A. Reisfeld Ralph A. Reisfeld 4Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation10666 North Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 14, 21 September 1988, Pages 1154–1159, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.14.1154 Published: 21 September 1988 Article history Received: 24 February 1988 Revision received: 10 June 1988 Accepted: 27 June 1988 Published: 21 September 1988