tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive arterial thrombus imaging with 99mTc monoclonal antifibrin antibody.
Authors: M D Cerqueira, J R Stratton, R Vracko, T F Schaible, J L Ritchie
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The T2G1s monoclonal antifibrin antibody binds specifically to fibrin but not to fibrinogen. METHODS AND RESULTS In a canine model of acute arterial thrombosis, we determined the feasibility of imaging thrombi using a 99mTc-labeled Fab' fragment. In 14 dogs, 10 carotid and 13 femoral artery thrombi were produced using 2-hour temporary occlusion, crush injury, and local thrombin injection methods. A sham-operated carotid artery served as control. Antifibrin antibody was injected intravenously at the end of temporary occlusion. Serial planar radionuclide images were obtained immediately and at 1 and 2 hours. Following killing the dogs at 2 hours, we measured antibody uptake ex vivo in 5-mm-long segments of thrombus, the adjacent injured artery, and a control artery. Antibody was cleared from the blood with a mean +/- SD t1/2 of 121 +/- 23 minutes. The thrombi weighed 218 +/- 140 mg. Antibody uptake in the thrombi was patchy, and the thrombi were closely adherent to the injured arterial wall. In the segment with maximal ex vivo antibody uptake, the ratio of control artery to blood counts/g/sec was 0.65 +/- 0.46, the injured artery-to-blood ratio was 2.35 +/- 1.01 (p less than 0.0001 versus control), and the thrombus-to-blood ratio was 4.24 +/- 2.58 (p less than 0.0001 versus control). In three dogs, an isotype-matched ovarian tumor antibody labeled with 111In was injected with T2G1s but was not taken up in the thrombus or the adjacent arterial wall. Visual analysis of the in vivo carotid radionuclide images showed uptake by 2 hours in all 10 carotid thrombi. Quantitative image analysis, measured as the thrombus-to-opposite carotid artery ratio, showed increasing uptake over time with ratios of 1.1 +/- 0.3, 1.6 +/- 2.0, and 2.2 +/- 1.3 on the immediate, 1-hour, and 2-hour images, respectively. All quantitative ratios of 1.3 or greater were visually identified. CONCLUSIONS 99mTc-labeled Fab' fragments of the T2G1s antibody are taken up specifically by acute arterial thrombi after intravenous injection. Uptake is progressive over a 2-hour period, and all thrombi are detected by radionuclide imaging at 2 hours. These results show that it is feasible to noninvasively detect arterial thrombi within 2 hours of formation.
Reduced expression of nicotinic α subunits 3, 7, 9 and 10 in lesional and nonlesional atopic dermatitis skin but enhanced expression of α subunits 3 and 5 in mast cells
Authors: F. Kindt, S. Wiegand, V. Niemeier, J. Kupfer, C. Löser, M. Nilles, H. Kurzen, W. Kummer, U. Gieler, R.V. Haberberger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article Reduced expression of nicotinic α subunits 3, 7, 9 and 10 in lesional and nonlesional atopic dermatitis skin but enhanced expression of α subunits 3 and 5 in mast cells Get access F. Kindt, F. Kindt Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Wiegand, S. Wiegand Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Niemeier, V. Niemeier Department of Psychosomatic Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Kupfer, J. Kupfer Department of Psychosomatic Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Löser, C. Löser Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Nilles, M. Nilles Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Kurzen, H. Kurzen Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre, Mannheim, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Kummer, W. Kummer Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar U. Gieler, U. Gieler Department of Psychosomatic Medicine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.V. Haberberger R.V. Haberberger Institute for Anatomy and Cell BiologyDepartment of Anatomy & Histology, Flinders University of South Australia, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia Correspondence: Rainer Viktor Haberberger. E‐mail: rainer.haberberger@flinders.edu.au Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 4, 1 October 2008, Pages 847–857, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08774.x Published: 01 October 2008
Phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in patients before and after resection of large intestinal cancer
Authors: M. B. McIllmurray, M. Gray, M. J. S. Langman
Journal: Gut (1973)

Lymphocyte responses to stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) have been compared in 20 patients with large intestinal cancer, 10 patients whose large intestinal cancers have been removed, and in 30 age- and sex-matched control individuals. Responses were markedly reduced in the tumour-bearing patients and were unaffected by substituting normal for autologous plasma during incubation. Responses, however, were normal after tumour resection suggesting that the defect in lymphocyte responsiveness is a reversible one and related to the presence of tumour tissue.
Affects, Trauma, and Mechanisms of Symptom Formation: A Tribute to John C. Nemiah, MD (1918–2009)
Authors: Graeme J. Taylor
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

John Nemiah was interested in the impact of emotionally traumatic events on mental and bodily processes and in conceptualizing the psychological defenses and deficits that contribute to the development of psychological and somatic symptoms. He viewed dissociation as the central psychological mechanism in the formation of a spectrum of symptoms, and conceptualized alexithymia as a deficit in the cognitive processing of emotion such that stress-induced arousal could bypass the psyche and produce somatic symptoms. This article briefly reviews some of Nemiah’s conceptual ideas and relates them to several new theories and concepts and findings from empirical research. His concept of the ‘psychic elaboration’ of emotion is consistent with contemporary theories of the cognitive processing of emotions that emphasize the importance of imagery and linguistic symbolizations. Alexithymia is inversely related to mentalization and is associated with insecure attachment styles and emotional trauma, which influence the capacity to regulate affects induced by stressful events. A multiple code theory of emotional information processing links psychological and somatic symptoms to various degrees of dissociation within and between the elements comprising emotion schemas and to compensatory attempts at repair. Recent studies support Nemiah’s view that alexithymia and intrapsychic conflicts may both contribute to the pathogenesis of panic attacks. There is also substantial evidence of an association between childhood trauma and the development of somatic disease in adult life. Secure attachments and well-developed capacities for symbolization and affect regulation seem to render individuals more resilient to the traumas and stressful events of everyday life.
Out-of-hours Calls
Authors: J. O. Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MEDICALJOURNAIThere are now enough facilities in India for postgraduate study in nearly every branch of medicine ; moreover, Indian postgraduate qualifications are essential for higher appoint- ments in our teaching hospitals.In the circumstance, the only legitimate study over- seas would be for acquiring special skills and not degrees or diplomas.This would entail the availability of clinical appoint- ments in specialist teaching hospitals, which is not the case in Britain from all available accounts, including Dr. Chakrabartty's.The restrictions on obtaining foreign exchange for overseas study are designed to make the best use of this scarce resource by ensuring that only those fitted for such study are able to proceed.A beneficial " side- effect" is that since the end of last year the medical influx into Britain has come to an end.-Iam, etc.,
Causal Diagrams to Better Understand Missingness
Authors: Jennifer E. Lutomski, A. Rogier T. Donders, René J. F. Melis
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
A Basis for Classifying Hospital Emergency Services
Authors: Roger L. Youmans
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The primary role of an emergency service to provide care for the acutely and seriously ill or injured patient must not be neglected because of the rapidly rising use of emergency rooms for routine and ambulatory patient care. A community-wide approach to the problem is essential and several basic principles are presented in establishing continuity of care and specifying responsibility for quality of care. A survey was carried out involving all 28 hospitals providing emergency care in the metropolitan Kansas City area by the same team of examiners. Standards were established, and the hospitals were informed on their particular strengths and weaknesses. Three classifications of emergency services were defined and called "Major Emergency Facilities," "Emergency Facilities," and "Provisional Emergency Facilities."
Chronic constipation in adults
Authors: I. J D McCallum, S. Ong, M. Mercer-Jones
Journal: BMJ (2009)

#### Summary points

Chronic constipation in adults is a common and often debilitating problem that may present to almost any medical practitioner as it can have many causes. The most recent Rome criteria provide a useful research and clinical tool for defining chronic, functional constipation (box 1).1 For the problem to be described as chronic, the Rome criteria need to have been met for the previous three months, with the onset of symptoms six months prior to diagnosis. We prefer a more inclusive definition of chronic constipation: any patient experiencing consistent difficulty with defecation. This review examines the evidence for the modern approach to treating chronic constipation and is based largely on systematic reviews and randomised controlled trials where these are available.

#### Box 1 Rome criteria* 

Since the most recent Rome criteria were published, a well conducted Spanish epidemiological study found that the prevalence of self reported constipation was 29.5% yet only half of those met the Rome criteria.2 This …
Gain-of-function SOS1 mutations cause a distinctive form of Noonan syndrome
Authors: Marco Tartaglia, Len A Pennacchio, Chen Zhao, Kamlesh K Yadav, Valentina Fodale, Anna Sarkozy, Bhaswati Pandit, Kimihiko Oishi, Simone Martinelli, Wendy Schackwitz, Anna Ustaszewska, Joel Martin, James Bristow, Claudio Carta, Francesca Lepri, Cinzia Neri, Isabella Vasta, Kate Gibson, Cynthia J Curry, Juan Pedro López Siguero, Maria Cristina Digilio, Giuseppe Zampino, Bruno Dallapiccola, Dafna Bar-Sagi, Bruce D Gelb
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
STUDIES OF TISSUE MAINTENANCE
Authors: H. P. Gilding, Peyton Rous
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

In skin regions which have been bloodless for some time, as result of the functional readjustments following upon a reduction of the blood bulk, the ischemia persists long after the blood volume has been restored and the systemic blood pressure has mounted to the initial level or a higher one. The significance of the finding is briefly discussed.
COPD care has improved but could still be better, audit finds
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

All patients admitted to hospital with a flare-up of their chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should receive a respiratory specialist opinion within 24 hours, seven days a week, a national audit has recommended.

COPD: Who Cares Matters ,1 led by the Royal College of Physicians, shows that care has improved in many areas since the last audit in 2008 but that many patients with emphysema and chronic bronchitis are still not seen by respiratory specialists, particularly at weekends.

The audit, part of the National Clinical Audit Programme,2 examined the …
Human Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: DENTON A. COOLEY, ROBERT D. BLOODWELL, GRADY L. HALLMAN, ROBERT D. LEACHMAN, JAMES J. NORA, DONALD G. ROCHELLE, JOHN D. MILAM
Journal: Circulation (1969)

Transplantation of the human heart may provide palliation for patients with end-stage cardiac disease for whom no other treatment is available. Cardiac transplantation was performed in 17 patients undergoing 18 heart transplants. Five early deaths occurred: three from acute cardiac rejection after one week and one each from pre-existing diseases and complications of immunosuppressive therapy. The transplanted heart provided effective cardiac function for each surviving patient. Two late deaths occurred from sepsis. Three patients died between five and nearly seven months after operation from chronic cardiac rejection. Clinical investigations of the role of histocompatibility testing, methods of immunosuppressive therapy, recognition and management of rejection, search for preformed anti-heart antibodies, physiological evaluation of the denervated transplanted heart, and causes of histological changes in the transplanted hearts are continuing. Further clinical trial is needed to determine the role of cardiac transplantation in palliating advanced myocardial insufficiency.
SERIOUS INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PRIMARY PCI ARE RARE, BUT ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER MORTALITY
Authors: Adriano A. Truffa, Renato D. Lopes, Kyle R. White, Rajendra H. Mehta, Manesh R. Patel, Karen S. Pieper, Paul W. Armstrong, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Asbestos
Authors: John E. Craighead
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Readers of the medical literature doubtless find the asbestos-associated diseases a complex topic. The two reports on this subject in a recent issue ofThe Journaldoubtless contribute to the confusion expressed by many physicians. In the first, Dodson et al<sup>1</sup>record the results of assays of pulmonary tissue from three quite different but relatively small groups of subjects. In contrast to the findings of other investigators,<sup>2-7</sup>these workers failed to detect ferruginous bodies in the lungs of urban residents and rural patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Several technical considerations and problems of tissue sampling and patient selection could have contributed to the discrepancies between this and earlier reports, but one must ask if the findings are important in the overall context of our understanding of the diseases associated with exposure to asbestos. It is now widely recognized that most of the ferruginous bodies in the lungs of members
The Influence of Estrogen on Migraine
Authors: Jan Lewis Brandes
Journal: JAMA (2006)

noted that "the 'femaleness' of the migraine condition is inescapable."Initial evidence for the role of estrogen in migraine headache stems from studies 2,3 published in the early 1970s evaluating the influence of exogenous estrogen on women prone to migraines around the time of menses (menstrual migraine).Migraine attacks were correlated with declining plasma estradiol levels.This was particularly evident after prolonged estradiol elevations such as those observed before menses. 4No plasma estradiol threshold was identified, 3 and migraine attacks were independent of plasma progesterone concentrations. 5These early findings provided the conceptual framework for future studies of estrogeninduced migraines.Although decades have passed, the pathogenesis and treatment of menstrual migraine remain elusive.In this review, pathophysiological, epidemiological, and clinical evidence will be evaluated across phases of the reproductive cycle, along with a discussion of future research directions.
Treatment of Mammary Carcinomas in HER-2 Transgenic Mice through Combination of Genetic Vaccine and an Agonist of Toll-Like Receptor 9
Authors: Luigi Aurisicchio, Daniela Peruzzi, Antonella Conforti, Sridhar Dharmapuri, Antonella Biondo, Saverio Giampaoli, Arthur Fridman, Ansu Bagchi, Christopher T. Winkelmann, Raymond Gibson, Ekambar R. Kandimalla, Sudhir Agrawal, Gennaro Ciliberto, Nicola La Monica
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides induce innate and adaptive immunity through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). In the present study, we have examined the ability of a novel agonist of TLR9, called immunomodulatory oligonucleotide (IMO), to enhance effects of a HER-2/neu plasmid DNA electroporation/adenovirus (DNA-EP/Ad) vaccine.BALB/NeuT mice were treated with DNA-EP vaccine alone, IMO alone, or the combination of two agents starting at week 13, when all mice showed mammary neoplasia. Tumor growth and survival were documented. Antibody and CD8+ T-cell responses were determined. Peptide microarray analysis of sera was carried out to identify immunoreactive epitopes. Additionally, microCT and microPET imaging was carried out in an advanced-stage tumor model starting treatment at week 17 in BALB/NeuT mice.The combination of DNA-EP and IMO resulted in significant tumor regression or delay to tumor progression. 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose microPET and microCT imaging of mice showed reduced tumor size in the DNA-EP/IMO combination treatment group. Mice treated with the combination produced greater antibody titers with IgG2a isotype switch and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity than did mice treated with DNA-EP vaccine. An immunogenic B-cell linear epitope, r70, within the HER-2 dimerization domain was identified through microarray analysis. Heterologous DNA-EP/Ad vaccination combined with IMO increased mice survival.The combination of HER-2/neu genetic vaccine and novel agonist of TLR9 had potent antitumor activity associated with antibody isotype switch and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activities. These results support possible clinical trials of the combination of DNA-EP/Ad-based cancer vaccines and IMO.
ON THE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS IN VITRO OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT MOUSE EPITHELIUMS
Authors: Lars Santesson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1932)

The cultivation in vitro of mouse tissues derived from normal organs from 86 spontaneous epithelial tumors of the mammary gland, and from 27 Ehrlich carcinomas, has been undertaken, together with a study of the properties of the various cell types. 1. The tissues liquefied fibrin from mouse and rat plasma more readily than fibrin from chicken plasma. Clots made of chicken plasma alone, if thoroughly washed, did not inhibit the migration of the cells. Normal and tumor tissues liquefied fibrin from the mouse, rat, and chicken more actively than Ehrlich carcinoma did. 2. Mouse epitheliums, both normal and malignant, showed greater activity than connective tissue cells from the same origin and were not overgrown by the latter. 3. Mouse epithelium was more active in rat serum than in mouse or chicken serum and in embryonic juice from chickens, mice, and rats. None of these fluids, however, supported cell proliferation indefinitely except in the case of Ehrlich carcinoma. 4. These results indicate that mouse tissues possess nutritional requirements which are different from those of fibroblasts and epithelial cells of other animals. Nutritive media that suffice for prolonged cultivation of the normal and malignant tissues of the rat and the fowl, and also of Ehrlich carcinoma, are not suitable for the cultivation of adult mouse epithelium derived from normal organs or from spontaneous mammary gland tumors. 5. Rat serum supported the life of spontaneous tumors for a limited period of time only, whereas it enabled the Ehrlich carcinoma to proliferate indefinitely. Normal organs and spontaneous tumors were not capable of invading normal tissues as Ehrlich carcinoma did.
A New Method of Blood Transfusion
Authors: A. E. Wright
Journal: BMJ (1891)

THE discovery by Arthus aiid Pages of the possibility of keep- ing the blood permanently liquid by precipitating the lime salts in it in the form of insoluble oxalates has opened a way for improving the metlhods of transfusion as at present prac- tised.The demerits of the method in use can be very easily summarised.The injection of defibrinated blood is a dan-
Colorectal Cancer Screening-Reply
Authors: Morton J. Goodman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

In Reply.—  I share Dr Bharath's concern regarding unnecessary diagnostic workups because of false-positive results in guaiac screens for occult blood in the stool. An acceptable level for false-positivity has not been agreed on. Certainly the 4.3% reported by Winawer seems to be too high. Our protocol does not permit accurate assessment of our rate.  We deplore uncomfortable, expensive, diagnostic bowel studies that may be unnecessary; however, this disturbs us less because we are finding early colon cancer. Of eight cancers our program has detected to date (in 2,800 persons screened), six of them were in Duke's stage A, with no penetration of the bowel wall.  However, other problems with the HO II slide have now surfaced in our program. It appears that the HO II test may be more sensitive than the old HO, although the manufacturer denies it. This has led to some concern regarding batch variations and
Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Morphine Administration in Hepatobiliary Imaging for Acute Cholecystitis
Authors: TONY E. VASQUEZ, GILBERT GREENSPAN, DAVID G. EVANS, SAMUEL E. HALPERN, WILLIAM L. ASHBURN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

The most urgent diagnosis addressed by cholescintigraphy is acute cholecystitis. By administering low-dose intravenous morphine sulfate to patients undergoing cholescintigraphy (who demonstrate visualization of both the common bile duct and intestine and nonvisualization of the gallbladder), the time required to complete the study has been reduced to a maximum of 90 minutes. One hundred twenty-eight patients underwent cholescintigraphy for clinically suspected acute cholecystitis. Forty patients received intravenous morphine sulfate during the procedure. In patients who received morphine sulfate during the examination, the sensitivity of cholescintigraphy for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was 100%; the specificity was 85%.