tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nurse-administered propofol sedation for endoscopy: a risk analysis during an implementation phase
Authors: J. Jensen, P. Vilmann, T. Horsted, P. Hornslet, U. Bodtger, A. Banning, A. Hammering
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

See also: Commentaire de travail de J. T. Jensen et al., pp. 716Endoscopy 2011; 43(08): 930-930DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291771
Long term prognosis of women with breast cancer in New Zealand: study of survival to 30 years.
Authors: A D Hibberd, L J Horwood, J E Wells
Journal: BMJ (1983)

The long term prognosis of women with breast cancer was studied by analysing retrospectively the 30 year survival of 2019 women with histologically proved breast cancer recorded at the National Cancer Registry in New Zealand between 1950 and 1954. Excess mortality rates for successive five year survival cohorts were calculated from the survival data. From the total cohort the excess mortality rate fell rapidly during the first 10 years and then became low after 20 years. There were no significant differences in excess mortality for the age cohorts. Most of the excess mortality for 20 years was due to deaths from breast cancer. In this study the prognosis for women with breast cancer approached normal after 20 years and the improvement in prognosis resulted from decreasing death rates from breast cancer.
Suppression of Insulin Production and Secretion by a Decretin Hormone
Authors: Ronald W. Alfa, Sangbin Park, Kathleen-Rose Skelly, Gregory Poffenberger, Nimit Jain, Xueying Gu, Lutz Kockel, Jing Wang, Yinghua Liu, Alvin C. Powers, Seung K. Kim
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Alpha-myosin heavy chain isoform and atrial size in patients with various types of mitral valve dysfunction: A quantitative study
Authors: Jean-Jacques Mercadier, Diane de la Bastie, Philippe Ménasché, Alix N’Guyen Van Cao, Pierre Bouveret, Paco Lorente, Armand Piwnica, Robert Slama, Ketty Schwartz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Distinct NF-κB Regulation by Shear Stress Through Ras-Dependent IκBα Oscillations
Authors: Arunima Ganguli, Linda Persson, Ian R. Palmer, Iona Evans, Lin Yang, Rod Smallwood, Richard Black, Eva E. Qwarnstrom
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

NF-κB, a transcription factor central to inflammatory regulation during development of atherosclerosis, is activated by soluble mediators and through biomechanical inputs such as flow-mediated shear- stress. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying shear stress mediated signal transduction in vascular cells we have developed a system that applies flow-mediated shear stress in a controlled manner, while inserted in a confocal microscope. In combination with GFP-based methods, this allows continuous monitoring of flow induced signal transduction in live cells and in real time. Flow-mediated shear stress, induced using the system, caused a successive increase in NF-κB–regulated gene activation. Experiments assessing the mechanisms underlying the NF-κB induced activity showed time and flow rate dependent effects on the inhibitor, IκBα, involving nuclear translocation characterized by a biphasic or cyclic pattern. The effect was observed in both endothelial- and smooth muscle cells, demonstrated to impact noncomplexed IκBα, and to involve mechanisms distinct from those mediating cytokine signals. In contrast, effects on the NF-κB subunit relA were similar to those observed during cytokine stimulation. Further experiments showed the flow induced inter-compartmental transport of IκBα to be regulated through the Ras GTP-ase, demonstrating a pronounced reduction in the effects following blocking of Ras activity. These studies show that flow-mediated shear stress, regulated by the Ras GTP-ase, uses distinct mechanisms of NF-κB control at the molecular level. The oscillatory pattern, reflecting inter-compartmental translocation of IκΒα, is likely to have fundamental impact on pathway regulation and on development of shear stress-induced distinct vascular cell phenotypes.
Clinical and functional assessment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: results of a 3 year follow-up
Authors: C Agusti, A Xaubet, AG Agusti, J Roca, J Ramirez, R Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

The purpose of this study was to analyse the information provided by different techniques used in the assessment of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and their role in the prediction of lung function decline with the decline. Twenty seven subjects with IPF (55 +/- 14 (mean +/- SD) yrs) were studied at the initial staging. Nineteen of them (70%) were included in a follow-up over 3 yrs (32 +/- 6 months), whilst the remaining 8 patients were lost to follow-up. During the period of the study, 6 of the 19 patients died. A significant correlation between diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (and carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (KCO) = DLCO/alveolar volume (VA)) and the increase in alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (A-aPO2) during exercise (delta A-aPO2) was observed at diagnosis (r = -0.58). Despite the treatment with prednisone (1 mg.kg-1 daily during 4 weeks, tapered to an individualized maintenance daily dose of 15-30 mg), the 13 patients controlled throughout the whole period of the study showed a marked impairment in lung volumes; forced vital capacity (FVC) -0.46 +/- 0.09 l, from 69 +/- 16 to 52 +/- 11% of predicted, and total lung capacity (TLC) -0.39 +/- 0.11 l, from 75 +/- 16 to 62 +/- 14%, and in DLCO -0.6 +/- 0.2 mmol.min-1.kPa-1, from 56 +/- 15 to 47 +/- 18%, predicted. By contrast, both mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) and A-aPO2 at rest remained unchanged throughout the 3 yrs follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The feasibility and risk of early colonoscopy in acute diverticulitis: a prospective controlled study
Authors: A. Lahat, H. Yanai, Y. Menachem, B. Avidan, S. Bar-Meir
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

See also: Commentaire de travail de A. Lahat et al., pp. 521Endoscopy 2007; 39(06): 578-578DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306944
Potentiation of neuroleptics by catecholamine inhibitors.
Authors: J Walinder, A Carlsson
Journal: BMJ (1973)

glycaemia.1This insulin-induced hypogly- caemia activates the corticotrophin releasing factor-corticotrophin-glucocorticoid axis.This permanent stimulation is afterwards responsible for the steady hypercorticism in obesity.Glucocorticoids as well as other anti- insulin factors, involve tissue insulin resistance and hyperglycaeniia which, by stimulating the /-cells result in their hyperplasia.Thus the chain of pathogenesis of obesity may be shown as follows: :-cells hyper- sensitivity to carbohydrates-postprandial hyperinsulinism-postprandial hypoglycaem- ia-hypercorticism-tissue resistance to insulin and hyperglycaemia-A-cell hyperplasia.The energy imbalance with predom- inant intake is a result of intensive lipogenesis resulting from hyperinsulinism.Excessive insulin response to glucose load in obese subjects is well known.But for the successful prevention of obesity it is neces- sary to separate the "pre-obese" subjects.This group consists of the patients with normal weight and excessive insulin response to glucose load.-Weare, etc.,
Extreme measures: the history of breast cancer surgery
Authors: W. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The rage for breast surgery attained manic proportions in the late 19th century in the United States and Europe. But the trend was driven by surgeons, not women, and the results were far from aesthetic.⇑

Surgeons in ancient Egypt described breast cancer, but wisely refrained from wielding the knife. The first recorded attempt at mastectomy is attributed to the surgeon Leonides of Alexandria in about the second century AD, but caution remained the watchword. By the 1600s prints in northern Europe show women stoically undergoing breast amputations by surgeons using forceps, knives, and cauterising irons long before the arrival of anaesthesia or antisepsis.

In 1748 the German surgeon Lorenz Heister described using a fork, or ropes attached …
Unusual presentations of acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance in a brother and sister.
Authors: C M Ritchie, K Walshe, A L Kennedy, W J Andrews, A B Atkinson, B Sheridan, A I Traub
Journal: BMJ (1985)

struction.Azotaemia may complicate both conditions due to functional lower urinary tract obstruction.In this case azotaemia was short term, judged by the changes in serum creatinine concentration and HCO3in the eight days before admission to hospital.Bladder catheterisation facilitated recovery of renal function by relieving functional obstruction and maintaining urine volume.No recurrence of hydronephrosis and hydroureter took place after the removal of the catheter, a feature that is unusual in obstructive uropathy from physical causes.There was a mild degree of urinary retention, indicated by the presence of 100 ml residual urine, and there was evidence of trabecu- lation of the bladder wall.Urine was initially infected but the infection cleared quickly after a short course of antibiotic.Urinary retention in women has often been attributed to a psycho- genic cause but abnormalities on intravenous urography were not observed in 16 patients who underwent full urological investigation.2Constipation3 or anticholinergic drug administration4 may occasionally provoke urinary retention, but these factors were not relevant in this case.
Preventing blindness from glaucoma
Authors: David B Henson, Reshma Thampy
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Better screening with existing tests should be the priority 

T he detection and management of primary open angle glaucoma is a major healthcare issue. It is the second largest cause of blindness in the world and affects some 66.8 million people, leaving 6.7 million with bilateral blindness.1 In the United Kingdom, the ageing of the population means that the number of cases is expected to increase by 30% in the next 20 years.2

In primary open angle glaucoma, the retinal ganglion cells—the nerves that carry the visual stimulus from the retina to the brain—undergo apoptosis after insult at the head of the optic nerve. The progressive loss of ganglion cells leads to characteristic structural changes at the head of the optic nerve and functional loss to the visual field. Glaucoma is often, but not necessarily, associated with …
The healthy entrant effect
Authors: P. Sedgwick
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Researchers investigated the association between individual components of the Mediterranean diet and mortality. A prospective cohort study design was used. Participants were 23 349 men and women living in Greece. Men and women with a diagnosis of cancer, coronary heart disease, or diabetes were not recruited to the study. The primary outcome was length of time until death from any causes.1

The cohort was followed for a mean of 8.5 years, during which 1075 deaths from any causes were recorded. Those components of the Mediterranean diet that predicted reduced mortality were moderate consumption of alcohol, low consumption of meat and meat products, and high consumption of vegetables, fruits and nuts, olive oil, and legumes. However, the results …
New Treatment for Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
Authors: Dag Jacobsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Ethylene glycol poisoning has it all. It is a medical emergency with well-defined clinical stages resulting from an intriguing pathophysiologic process that can be explained by applied biochemistry.1 The morbidity and mortality associated with untreated ethylene glycol poisoning are high, but with early diagnosis and effective treatment, the mortality is close to nil.1,2 Therefore, cases of ethylene glycol poisoning are regularly studied as clinicopathological exercises by medical students and residents.3 In my experience, it is hard to find a more challenging type of case to discuss.Ethylene glycol is the chief component of antifreeze fluid. When it is ingested, . . .
Oral and Parenteral Iron Therapy
Authors: Paul R. McCurdy
Journal: JAMA (1965)

UNCOMPLICATED iron-deficiency anemia can be satisfactorily treated with iron salts for oral administration. Generally accepted indications for the parenteral therapy of iron deficiency are intolerance of the orally administered salts, gastrointestinal disease, need to create iron stores to protect against future bleeding, and poor absorption of oral iron.<sup>1</sup>The recommendation that parenterally administered iron be given as an alternative to blood transfusions in iron deficiency implies a more rapid response to parenteral therapy.<sup>2</sup>Although this concept has been challenged,<sup>3</sup>it seems that many physicians a priori expect iron by injection to correct iron-deficiency anemia faster than iron administered by mouth. Early in the study of a new iron sorbitol—citric acid complex for intramuscular injection it appeared that increases in hematocrit value were taking place with remarkable speed.<sup>4</sup>Accordingly the present study was designed to compare in the severely iron-deficient patient the hematologic response to orally administered
Stokes-Adams Disease
Authors: Frank G. MacMurray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

STOKES–ADAMS disease was first reported in the eighteenth century by various observers, the order of priority, so far as is known, having been Gerbezius, of Laibach (1719), Morgagni, of Padua (1761), Spens, of Edinburgh (1793), Adams, of Dublin (1827), Burnett, of Chichester (1827), and Stokes, of Dublin (1846). Fortunately, these reports are all reprinted in English in one source of reference.1 It was Huchard2 who first proposed the phrase Stokes–Adams disease. Stokes especially deserves the honor, since his description was particularly complete and accordingly called attention to the subject. Adam's claim to fame is less secure, since at the time . . .
Death by Malpractice: Who Are the Bad Guys?
Authors: Daniel Kramer
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  I read the comments of Dr Stanley Wohl 1 in the April 11 A PIECE OF MY MIND entitled Death by Malpractice. We have now learned one side of the story as presented by a colleague of the physician whose life was thrown into turmoil after he was sued for malpractice. While I do not pretend to know anything of the facts of the case, some comments are in order that would apply to this case or to any malpractice action.  1. It states in the article that because the physician would not agree to settle the case, he was forced by the insurance company to go bare. I know that this is not the law in New York and I know of no state where this is a law. While it is true that a physician must give his consent to settle a case (it would
Differential location of hemopoietic colonies within liver acini of postnatal and phenylhydrazine-treated adult mice
Authors: Emilio Barberá-Guillem, Ricardo Ayala, Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

We have measured the location of embryonic and adult hemopoietic foci in the liver tissue of postnatal and adult phenylhydrazine-treated mice. Differentiation of acinar domains in liver tissue was made possible by carrying out succinate dehydrogenase histochemical reactions on liver cryostat sections. To determine the position of hemopoietic foci within the lobular gradient of the hepatocyte succinate dehydrogenase activity, this enzyme was measured in hepatocytes surrounding both portal and central veins and hemopoietic foci. Then, assuming the periportal succinate dehydrogenase activity value to be 1.00 +/- 0.2, succinate dehydrogenase activity around postnatal hemopoietic foci was 0.65 +/- 0.19, around phenylhydrazine-induced hemopoietic foci 0.83 +/- 0.24 and around central veins 0.44 +/- 0.11. Scaling the portal to central vein distance and taking 1 as the portal vein point and 0 as the central vein point, the relative position of hemopoietic foci, indirectly calculated from succinate dehydrogenase activity values, was 0.35 +/- 0.13 in postnatal livers and 0.73 +/- 0.12 in phenylhydrazine-treated adult livers. Hemopoietic foci frequencies varied according to both the origin and the liver acinar domain: in postnatal liver acini, it was 37.1% in zone 1, 22.8% in zone 2 and 40% in zone 3; in phenylhydrazine-treated adult acini, it was 89.4% in zone 1 and 10.6% in zone 2. Postnatal hemopoietic foci mainly occurred extrasinusoidally, between hepatocytes and reticular-like cells, whereas adult hemopoietic foci were mostly intrasinusoidal and closely associated to macrophage-like cells. Adult hemopoietic colonies
Acid sphingomyelinase is a key regulator of cytotoxic granule secretion by primary T lymphocytes
Authors: Jasmin Herz, Julian Pardo, Hamid Kashkar, Michael Schramm, Elza Kuzmenkina, Erik Bos, Katja Wiegmann, Reinhard Wallich, Peter J Peters, Stefan Herzig, Elmon Schmelzer, Martin Krönke, Markus M Simon, Olaf Utermöhlen
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
Hemosiderosis in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Michael C. Gelfand
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  The authors of the article Hemosiderosis in Hemodialysis Patients: An Autopsy Study of 50 Cases (1980;244:343) failed to emphasize that reticuloendothelial system iron overload without bone marrow iron overload occurred exclusively in those hemodialysis patients who had received iron parenterally. No patient was studied with iron overload caused by excessive oral intake or blood transfusion. Our studies of iron-overloaded hemodialysis patients with muscle iron deposition, 1 some of whom received parenteral iron, showed excellent correlation of serum ferritin level with bone marrow iron stores, in contrast to the authors' conclusions.  Furthermore, serum ferritin levels are falsely elevated in acute or chronic liver disease. 2 The elevated serum ferritin levels in five of their patients, therefore, cannot be interpreted as indicating iron overload, since these patients had chronic liver disease, based on the pathological findings presented.  The serum ferritin level, therefore, remains a useful reflection of bone marrow
Treatment of Aspirin-Resistant Patients With Omega-3 Fatty Acids Versus Aspirin Dose Escalation
Authors: Eli I. Lev, Alejandro Solodky, Naama Harel, Aviv Mager, David Brosh, Abid Assali, Milton Roller, Alexander Battler, Neal S. Kleiman, Ran Kornowski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Use of the polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis
Authors: Jose G Montoya, Steve Parmley, Oliver Liesenfeld, Glenn J Jaffe, Jack S Remington
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)

To report a cohort of patients in whom polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on vitreous samples and to place in perspective the current role of PCR in the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis.Noncomparative case series.Fifteen patients in whom toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis was considered in the differential diagnosis and in whom the clinical presentation was not diagnostic and/or response to treatment was inadequate.Examination of vitreous fluid by PCR and of serum for the presence of Toxoplasma-specific antibodies.Presence of Toxoplasma gondii DNA, serologic test results, clinical findings, treatment, and outcome.In 7 of 15 patients, vitreous fluid examination results by PCR were positive for the presence of T. gondii DNA. Five of these seven patients had serologic test results consistent with Toxoplasma infection acquired in the distant past; the other two patients had serologic test results consistent with retinochoroiditis in the setting of acute toxoplasmosis. The PCR results influenced the management of these patients in six of the seven positive cases. In the eight patients in whom vitreous examination results were negative by PCR, either Toxoplasma serology was negative (6), the retinal lesions were caused by cytomegalovirus (1), or, on further consideration, the eye signs were not consistent with those of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (1).In patients in whom toxoplasmosis is considered in the differential diagnosis but in whom the presentation is atypical, PCR was frequently a useful diagnostic aid.
IMPACT OF CLOPIDOGREL ON-TREATMENT PLATELET REACTIVITY ON STENT THROMBOSIS AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: RESULTS FROM A COLLABORATIVE META-ANALYSIS OF INDIVIDUAL PARTICIPANT DATA
Authors: Somjot Brar, Jurrien ten Berg, Rossella Marcucci, Matthew J. Price, Marco Valgimigli, Hyo-Soo Kim, Giuseppe Patti, Nicoline Breet, Germano DiSciascio, Thomas Cuisset, George Dangas, Kaiser Permanente
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Project Connect Online: Randomized Trial of an Internet-Based Program to Chronicle the Cancer Experience and Facilitate Communication
Authors: Annette L. Stanton, Elizabeth H. Thompson, Catherine M. Crespi, John S. Link, James R. Waisman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Evidence suggests that expressing emotions related to cancer and receiving interpersonal support can promote psychological and physical health in women diagnosed with breast cancer. However, adaptive expression of feelings and communication with one's social network can pose challenges for patients with cancer. We report on a randomized controlled trial of an intervention, Project Connect Online, for patients with breast cancer to create personal Web sites to chronicle their experience and communicate with their social network.Women (N = 88) diagnosed with breast cancer (any stage, any interval since diagnosis) were randomly assigned to participate in a 3-hour workshop for hands-on creation of personal Web sites with a follow-up call to facilitate Web site use, or to a waiting-list control. Assessed before randomization and 6 months after the intervention, dependent variables included depressive symptoms, positive and negative mood, cancer-related intrusive thoughts, and perceived cancer-related benefits in life appreciation and strengthened relationships.Relative to control participants, women randomly assigned to Project Connect Online evidenced significant benefit 6 months later on depressive symptoms, positive mood, and life appreciation, but not negative mood, perceived strengthened relationships, or intrusive thoughts. Treatment status moderated the intervention effects, such that women currently undergoing medical treatment for cancer benefitted significantly more from the intervention on depressive symptoms and positive mood than did women not receiving treatment.Findings suggest the promise of an intervention to facilitate the ability of women diagnosed with breast cancer to chronicle their experience and communicate with their social network via the Internet.
Vincristine therapy for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: N. T. J. O'connor, P. Bruce‐Jones, L. F. Hill
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)

Abstract Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disorder characterized by micro‐ angiopathic haemolytic anemia, consumption thrombocytopenia, renal impairment, neu‐ rological dysfunction, and fever, but all these features are not present in every patient. Although the prognosis of TTP has improved since it was demonstrated that large volumes of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) lead to a remission in most patients, the disease remains fatal in many instances. Therefore, other therapies are often used in TTP, but there is skepticism about their value, since such treatments are often used in combination, making evaluation difficult. This report describes three patients with TTP and a consistent therapeutic response occurring 5 days after vincristine in each of four instances.