tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5303: Systemic immunosuppression in glioblastoma: the interplay between lymphopenia, CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg monocytes, tumor factors, and dexamethasone
Authors: Michael P. Gustafson, Yi Lin, Kent C. New, Peggy A. Bulur, Brian P. O'Neill, Dennis A. Gastineau, Allan B. Dietz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) exhibit profound systemic immune defects that affect the success of traditional and immune-based treatments. A better understanding of the contribution of the tumor and therapy on systemic and local immune suppression is necessary to improve immune based therapies and monitor the effects of conventional and novel therapies. To identify possible sources of immunosuppression, we measured the constituents of circulating immunity in newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM patients with or without dexamethasone treatment. We identified dexamethasone dependent and independent changes in systemic immunity associated with GBM. Of note, we identified a profound lymphopenia associated with dexamethasone treatement that manifested itself in the T cell compartment with targeted effects on the CD4+ T cells. In addition, we identified tumor and dexamethasone dependent altered monocyte phenotypes. The major population of altered monocytes (CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg) inhibited T cell proliferation, was unable to fully differentiate into mature dendritic cells, was associated with dexamethasone-mediated changes in CCL2 levels, and could be re-created in vitro using tumor supernatants. Interestingly, CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg monocytes were elevated similarly in newly diagnosed and recurrent patients. These data demonstrate that both tumor and steroids contribute to systemic immunosuppression. We provide evidence that tumors express high levels of the monocyte recruitment chemokine CCL2, can contain high numbers of CD14+ cells, that tumor supernatants can transform CD14+HLA-DR+ cells into CD14+HLA-DRlo/neg immune suppressors, and that dexamethasone reduces CCL2 in vitro and is correlated with reduction of CCL2 in vivo. Consequently, we have developed a model for tumor mediated systemic immune suppression via recruitment and transformation of CD14+ cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5303.
The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States
Authors: Scott D. Holmberg, Kathleen N. Ly, Jian Xing
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters17 July 2012The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United StatesScott D. Holmberg, MD, MPH, Kathleen N. Ly, MPH, and Jian Xing, PhDScott D. Holmberg, MD, MPHFrom Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333., Kathleen N. Ly, MPHFrom Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333., and Jian Xing, PhDFrom Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-157-2-201207170-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Our analysis of approximately 22 million multiple-cause death certificates from 1999 to 2007 showed increasing mortality among persons noted to have HCV infection; by 2007, there were more recorded deaths among HCV-infected persons than among HIV-infected persons. We have since received data on deaths in 2008 and have recorded an extension of the same trends as shown in that article (Figure).Figure.Annual age-adjusted rates of mortality and 95% CIs of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV listed as a cause of death* in the United States, 1999–2008.* Cause of death is defined as the underlying cause or one ...References1. Guiltinan AM, Kaidarova Z, Custer B, Orland J, Strollo A, Cyrus S, et al. Increased all-cause, liver, and cardiac mortality among hepatitis C virus-seropositive blood donors. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167:743-50. [PMID: 18203734] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. El-Kamary SS, Jhaveri R, Shardell MD. All-cause, liver-related, and non-liver-related mortality among HCV-infected individuals in the general US population. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:150-7. [PMID: 21665867] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Scott D. Holmberg, MD, MPH; Kathleen N. Ly, MPH; Jian Xing, PhDAffiliations: From Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M11-1649. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States Between 1999 and 2007 Kathleen N. Ly , Jian Xing , R. Monina Klevens , Ruth B. Jiles , John W. Ward , and Scott D. Holmberg The Increasing Burden of Mortality From Viral Hepatitis in the United States Edward L. Murphy Metrics 17 July 2012Volume 157, Issue 2Page: 150KeywordsBlood donorsDeath ratesDisclosureHIVHepatitisHepatitis BHepatitis CMortalitySubstance abuseSuicide ePublished: 17 July 2012 Issue Published: 17 July 2012 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Atrial Diastolic Friction Rubs
Authors: Edward G. Abinader
Journal: JAMA (1978)

THE HALLMARK of pericarditis is a pericardial friction rub. Friction rubs are commonly triphasic, consisting of atrial systole (atrial or presystolic rub), ventricular systole (systolic rub), and ventricular diastole (protodiastolic rub). Pericardial rub is generated by active motion (atrial or ventricular systole) as well as by passive motion (ventricular diastole). We have recorded the unusual condition of pericardial friction occurring during atrial diastole. We found that previous documentation of this phenomenon in the literature is limited to a single case report.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.—</h3> A 72-year-old man was admitted on March 19, 1975, to the intensive coronary care unit at Rothschild Hospital in Haifa, Israel. An acute diaphragmatic myocardial infarction had developed, and ECG evidence of an anteroseptal scar was found. At the time of admission, accelerated idioventricular rhythm and transient firstand second-degree atrioventricular block were diagnosed. On March 24, a triphasic pericardial friction rub developed in
Cytokine-mediated increases in fetal hemoglobin are associated with globin gene histone modification and transcription factor reprogramming
Authors: Orapan Sripichai, Christine M. Kiefer, Natarajan V. Bhanu, Toshihiko Tanno, Seung-Jae Noh, Sung-Ho Goh, J. Eric Russell, Cheryl L. Rognerud, Ching-Nan Ou, Patricia A. Oneal, Emily R. Meier, Nicole M. Gantt, Colleen Byrnes, Y. Terry Lee, Ann Dean, Jeffery L. Miller
Journal: Blood (2009)
The Bacterial Factor in Traumatic Shock
Authors: Jacob Fine, Edward D. Frank, Herbert A. Ravin, Selma H. Rutenberg, Fritz B. Schweinburg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN a standardized preparation of hemorrhagic shock we have repeatedly demonstrated that over 80 per cent of animals recover promptly and completely if the blood lost is returned after ninety minutes, but not if return is delayed four hours or longer.1 The literature discloses no biochemical change peculiar to shock by which one can distinguish between an early and a late stage of shock.2 But a pathologic change characteristic of late shock is hemorrhagic necrosis of the intestinal mucosa or focal hemorrhages in the wall of the intestine, or both. This lesion, as Delaunay and his co-workers3 and others4 have . . .
Mixing and moving in the gut
Authors: J D WOOD
Journal: Gut (1999)

Three cases of neuropathy with monoclonal gammopathy and amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves are described. They appeared to present a benign gammopathy because of the duration of the neuropathy in the absence of any clinical or biological sign of myeloma or macroglobulinaemia. The pathological abnormality found in the sural nerves of the three patients was characterised by a marked loss of myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibres because of active axonal degeneration with Wallerian degeneration. The most striking feature in all three cases was the finding of deposits identified as an accumulation of microfibrils.
Transient Antibody to Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: C. SONNEX
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1986Transient Antibody to Human Immunodeficiency VirusC. SONNEX, M.B., M.R.C.P.C. SONNEX, M.B., M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-3-464_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: An article in the October 1985 issue by Dr. Burger and colleagues (1) described the wife of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed transient antibody to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, formerly HTLV-III/LAV). As it is now 2 years since her reversion to seronegativity (April 1984), an update of her clinical and serologic status would be of great interest to those clinicians working with HIV disease....Reference1. BURGERWEISERROBINSON HBW. Transient antibody to lymphadenopathy-associated virus/human T-lymphotropic virus type III and T-lymphocyte abnormalities in the wife of a man who developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:545-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. SONNEX, M.B., M.R.C.P.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMurine AIDS: A model for the human disease or a distinct entity?Eliminating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from infected individuals and cells: Is it possible?Polymorphic human gene(s) determines differential susceptibility of CD4 lymphocytes to infection by certain HIV-1 isolatesLoss of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-I) Antibodies with Evidence of Viral Infection in Asymptomatic Homosexual Men A Report from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort StudyHOMAYOON FARZADEGAN, Ph.D., MICHAEL A. POLIS, M.D., M.P.H., STEVEN M. WOLINSKY, M.D., CHARLES R. RINALDO Jr., Ph.D., JOHN J. SNINSKY, Ph.D., SHIRLEY KWOK, B.S., ROBERT L. GRIFFITH, B.S., RICHARD A. KASLOW, M.D., M.P.H., JOHN P. PHAIR, M.D., B. FRANK POLK, M.D., M.Sc., ALFRED J. SAAH, M.D., M.P.H. 1 September 1986Volume 105, Issue 3Page: 464-465KeywordsAIDSHIV ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Mark Levin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters4 May 1999Genetics of Familial Mediterranean FeverMark Levin, MDMark Levin, MDThe Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center; Brooklyn, NY 11212 (Levin)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-9-199905040-00009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I was surprised to read speculation on the origins of Ashkenazi Jewry in an otherwise excellent editorial on the genetics of familial Mediterranean fever (1). Dr. Ehrlich quotes the widely discredited theories of Arthur Koestler while completely ignoring the overwhelming evidence for the origins of the eastern European Jewry in western Europe and the Mediterranean. There is a mass of historical, linguistic, anthropological, and, yes, genetic evidence. The communal records of eastern European communities have been well preserved, and we know who populated these communities and from where their inhabitants sprang. The connection to western Europe is ...References1. Ehrlich GE. Genetics of familial Mediterranean fever and its implications [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:581-2. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Goodman RM, Moltusky AG, eds. Genetic Diseases Among Ashkenazi Jews. New York: Raven Pr; 1979. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark Levin, MDAffiliations: The Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center; Brooklyn, NY 11212 (Levin) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGenetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever and Its Implications George E. Ehrlich Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever George E. Ehrlich Genetics of Familial Mediterranean Fever Paul I. Roda Metrics Cited byFamilial Mediterranean Fever (Recurrent Hereditary Polyserositis) 4 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 9Page: 780KeywordsAntigensFeversGeneticsHuman leukocyte antigenJewish peoplePlagueSerum proteins ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 4 May 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Paroxysmal pruritus and multiple sclerosis
Authors: M.C. KOEPPEL, C. BRAMONT, M. CECCALDI, M. HABIB, J. SAYAG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

We report a patient who presented with paroxysmal pruritus in association with multiple sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spinal cord showed a lesion at a level corresponding to the dermatomal location of the pruritus.
With nurse practitioners, who needs house officers?
Authors: S. Dowling, S. Barrett, R. West
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The boundaries between the work of doctors and that of nurses are changing, with nurses taking over important parts of junior hospital doctors' clinical work. In 1993 an exploratory study was carried out to identify the professional, educational, and management issues that such developments raise. Interviews were carried out with a range of stakeholders in three innovatory posts in which nurses were doing much of the clinical work of house officers. A complex picture of perceived benefits and problems for patients, junior doctors, and nurses emerged. These seemed to be associated with (a) the extent to which the contribution of professional nursing was valued in the new role and (b) the amount of clinical discretion which the postholder was allowed, this depending on the type of preparatory education provided and the management of the post. The study points to the need for strategic issues--such as the development of appropriate education and the professional recognition of these new clinical roles--to be addressed at a national and regional level.
What to do about halitosis
Authors: C Scully, S Porter, J Greenman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Objectives</h3> There is growing evidence for an adverse effect of maternal exposure to air pollution on pregnancy outcomes. As European data on this topic are limited, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution during different periods of pregnancy on preterm birth and fetal growth. <h3>Methods</h3> We estimated maternal residential exposure to NO<sub>2</sub> during pregnancy (entire pregnancy and trimesters) for 7600 singleton births participating in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) prospective birth cohort study by means of a temporally adjusted land-use regression model. Associations between air pollution concentrations and preterm birth and fetal growth (expressed as small for gestational age and term birth weight) were analysed by means of logistic and linear regression models with and without adjustment for maternal physiological, lifestyle and sociodemographic characteristics. <h3>Results</h3> There was no indication of an increase in preterm birth among highly exposed women. Children of mothers with NO<sub>2</sub> levels in the highest exposure category on average had the highest term birth weight of all children and were among those with the lowest risk of being small for gestational age with little indication of a dose–response relationship. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study, there is no evidence for a harmful effect of estimated maternal exposure to traffic-related air pollution during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, small for gestational age and term birth weight.
Malignant Right Coronary Artery Anomaly Identified by Multidetector Computed Tomography and Stress Myocardial Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Authors: Meng-Ling Chen, Hung-Shun Lo, Hung-Yi Su, Han-Luen Huang, Ing-Ming Chao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left sinus of Valsalva with subsequent coursing between the aorta and pulmonary trunk is a relatively uncommon congenital defect, with a reported incidence of less than 1% in patients undergoing coronary angiography. It is well established that this anomaly can cause angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or sudden cardiac death in the absence of atherosclerosis. The identification of this disease anomaly, however, can be difficult with conventional x-ray angiography because of the lack of 3-dimensional information that relates the spatial orientation of the anomalous coronary artery to the great vessels. Compared with invasive angiography, multidetector computed tomography allows a more accurate depiction of the origin and course of the anomalous coronary artery. In combination with stress myocardial perfusion, multidetector computed tomography can provide an accurate diagnosis and a complete anatomic and functional assessment of this potentially lethal anomaly to guide patient management. In this article, we present a young female patient with an acute inferior myocardial infarction whose multidetector computed tomography angiography and dipyridamole Tl-201 myocardial single photon emission computed tomography were shown to play a complementary role in the full evaluation of such a malignant coronary anomaly.
$50m record damages awarded against tobacco company
Authors: U. Hoang
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Old age, the most important risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is associated with thermoregulatory deficits. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the main thermogenic driver in mammals and its stimulation, through β3-adrenergic receptor (β3AR) agonists or cold acclimation, counteracts metabolic deficits in rodents and humans. Studies in animal models show that AD neuropathology leads to thermoregulatory deficits and cold-induced tau hyperphosphorylation is prevented by BAT stimulation through cold acclimation. Since metabolic disorders and AD share strong pathogenic links, we hypothesized that BAT stimulation through a β3AR agonist could exert benefits in AD as well. Here, we show that β3AR agonist administration (CL-316,243, 1 mg/kg/day i.p., from 15 to 16 months of age) decreased body weight and improved peripheral glucose metabolism and BAT thermogenesis in both non-transgenic and 3xTg-AD mice. One-month treatment with a β3AR agonist increased recognition index by 19% in 16-month-old 3xTg-AD mice compared to pre-treatment (14-month-old). Locomotion, anxiety and tau pathology were not modified. Finally, insoluble Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio was decreased by 27% in the hippocampus of CL-316,243-injected 3xTg-AD mice. Overall, our results indicate that β3AR stimulation reverses memory deficits and shifts downward the insoluble Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in 16-month-old 3xTg-AD mice. As β3AR agonists are being clinically developed for metabolic disorders, repurposing them in AD could be a valuable therapeutic strategy.
The Application of Tissue-Culture Methods to the Study of Poliomyelitis
Authors: Thomas H. Weller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

PROGRESS toward the control or understanding of the epidemiology of a specific infectious disease has often been associated with the development of a new procedure for the isolation or cultivation of the etiologic agent. An example of the effect of such a technologic advance is apparent in the field of research on poliomyelitis. In 19491 , 2 it was demonstrated that the poliomyelitis viruses could be propagated in tissue cultures composed of nonnervous human tissues. Since then, the application of tissue-culture methods has resulted in the development of simple and economical procedures for the isolation of the poliomyelitis viruses and for the . . .
Quinolone Prophylaxis during Neutropenia
Authors: P. H. Chandrasekar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 November 1991Quinolone Prophylaxis during NeutropeniaP. H. Chandrasekar, MDP. H. Chandrasekar, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-10-833_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Use of antimicrobial drugs as prophylaxis against infection during episodes of neutropenia in patients with cancer has remained controversial. A recent consensus report by the Working Committee of the Infectious Diseases Society of America stated that antibiotic prophylaxis should only be considered in afebrile patients at the highest risk for infection; that is, profound neutropenia (< 100 cells/µL) with an expected duration greater than 7 days (1). Prophylactic agents have included oral nonabsorbable drugs, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and quinolones. Oral nonabsorbable drugs such as gentamicin, vancomycin, and colistin became unpopular because of variable clinical success and poor patient compliance....References1. HughesArmstrongBodeyFeldMandellMeyers WDGRGJ. Guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with unexplained fever. J Infect Dis. 1990;161:381-96. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BowRaynerLouie EET. Comparison of norfloxacin with cotrimazole for infectious prophylaxis in acute leukemia. Am J Med. 1988;84:847-54. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DekkerRozenberg-ArskaVerhoef AMJ. Infection prophylaxis in acute leukemia: a comparison of ciprofloxacin with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and colistin. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:7-12. LinkGoogle Scholar4. . Prevention of bacterial infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies: a randomized, multicenter trial comparing norfloxacin with ciprofloxacin. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:7-12. LinkGoogle Scholar1. . Prevention of bacterial infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies: a randomized, multicenter trial comparing norfloxacin with ciprofloxacin. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:7-12. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HughesArmstrongBodeyFeldMandellMeyers WDGRGJ. Guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with unexplained fever. J Infect Dis. 1990;161:381-96. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit, MI 48201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1991Volume 115, Issue 10Page: 833-833KeywordsAntibiotic prophylaxisAntimicrobialsDrugsInfectious diseasesNeutropeniaProphylaxisRisk managementVancomycin Issue Published: 15 November 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...