tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The AMA: A Case for Membership
Authors: Robert D. Moreton
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In thinking of AMA membership, I am reminded of a story. It was during the hunting season, and one day two fellows who had shot a deer started pulling it by the tail toward their car. Then another hunter came along and said, "I think it would be easier if you would pull it by the antlers." The hunters accepted the suggestion and very shortly one said to the other, "This is a lot easier." Then the other man said, "Yup. But do you notice we are getting farther and farther away from the car?" The fictional huntsmen involved in this bit of nonsense may or may not have been physicians. Offered a guess, I would say they were, for this is precisely the response many of us are making toward membership in our county and state medical societies and the AMA. Here we are, confronted with major proposals for
Chromosomal region 16p13: further evidence of increased predisposition to immune diseases
Authors: A Martínez, N Perdigones, M C Cénit, L Espino, J Varadé, J R Lamas, J L Santiago, M Fernández-Arquero, H de la Calle, R Arroyo, E G de la Concha, B Fernández-Gutiérrez, E Urcelay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

Objective: Genome-wide studies have identified the chromosomal region 16p13 in the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D) and multiple sclerosis (MS). This region includes the CLEC16A/KIAA0350 gene and an adjacent gene, MHC2TA (MHC class II transactivator), previously associated with susceptibility to MS and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The role of CLEC16A polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of T1D, MS and RA and its relationship with the association reported with a MHC2TA haplotype were investigated. Methods: CLEC16A (rs2903692/rs6498169/rs11074956) polymorphisms were analysed in 435 patients with MS, 316 with T1D and 600 with RA and in 550 ethnically matched controls. The MHC2TA rs3087456G/rs4774C risk haplotype was studied in an independent RA cohort. Results: rs2903692 conferred a protective effect on patients with T1D, MS and RA. The described association of rs6498169 with MS was replicated in MS and RA cohorts. The effect of the MHC2TA rs3087456G/rs4774C haplotype on RA susceptibility was confirmed, and the haplotype was found to be in negative linkage disequilibrium with the CLEC16A rs2903692A/rs6498169A haplotype. Conclusions: Associations of CLEC16A polymorphisms with T1D and MS were successfully replicated in a Spanish population. A novel association of rs6498169 with a predisposition to RA was described which is consistent with previous MHC2TA results. These data provide evidence for the influence of variants within this chromosomal region on the development of complex diseases.
SNO-hemoglobin is not essential for red blood cell–dependent hypoxic vasodilation
Authors: T Scott Isbell, Chiao-Wang Sun, Li-Chen Wu, Xinjun Teng, Dario A Vitturi, Billy G Branch, Christopher G Kevil, Ning Peng, J Michael Wyss, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Lisa Schwiebert, Jinxiang Ren, Kevin M Pawlik, Matthew B Renfrow, Rakesh P Patel, Tim M Townes
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Doctors' strike in Israel may be good for health
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Industrial action by doctors in Israel seems to be good for their patients'health. Death rateshave dropped considerably in most of the country since physicians in public hospitals implementeda programme of sanctions three months ago, according to a survey of burial societies.

The Israel Medical Association began the action on 9 March to protest against the treasury's proposed imposition of a new four year wage contract for doctors. Since then, hundreds of thousands of visits to outpatient clinics have been cancelled or postponed along with tens of thousands of elective operations. Public hospitals, which provide the vast majority of secondary and tertiary medical care, have kept their emergency rooms, dialysis units, oncology departments, obstetric and …
Zalcitabine Approved for Use in Combination With Zidovudine for HIV Infection
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Death from the Impaction of a Portion of the Beard of Barley Under the Tongue
Authors: W. H. Ranking
Journal: BMJ (1844)

ad those poouiarly termed bilious, derive relief from it.From this accountofsome ofits medicinal qualities, I would not wih it to be inferred that I regard the s.Iiniou of the chloride of lime as a specific in fever, l$hat administered by a practitioner, at the moment wien his judgment deems it necessar, it will mate- ily assist the action of his other remedis, by immediately destroying one of the .mostoppressing and obstinate symptons which attends on aU febrile diseases, but more particularly, those of a typhoid character, CASE OF LOOSE CARTILAGE IN THE KNEEJOINT.
Influenza Vaccination
Authors: Michael A. Riddiough
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Cost-effectiveness analysis was used to evaluate influenza vaccination. From 1971-1972 through 1977-1978, vaccination of an elderly person 65 years of age or older saved net medical care costs while improving health. Vaccination of younger high-risk adults aged 15 through 64 years also improved health for a low net cost per year of healthy life gained. By covering influenza vaccination during those years, the Medicare program would have incurred a net cost for each vaccination of $13 per year of healthy life gained for medical costs connected with influenza and $791 per year gained including costs of treating other illnesses in later life. The analysis indicates the need for epidemiologic research on the extent of influenza and the mechanism of its spread. The results also raise the issue of public policy to promote influenza vaccination among high-risk persons as a low-cost, preventive technology. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:3189-3195)
Compensation and Advancement of Women in Academic Medicine: Is There Equity?
Authors: Arlene S. Ash, Phyllis L. Carr, Richard Goldstein, Robert H. Friedman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Women have been entering academic medicine in numbers at least equal to their male colleagues for several decades. Most studies have found that women do not advance in academic rank as fast as men and that their salaries are not as great. These studies, however, have typically not had the data to examine equity, that is, do women receive similar rewards for similar achievement? Objective: To examine equity in promotion and salary for female versus male medical school faculty nationally. Design: Mailed survey questionnaire. Setting: 24 randomly selected medical schools in the contiguous United States. Participants: 1814 full-time U.S. medical school faculty in 1995–1996, stratified by sex, specialty, and graduation cohort. Measurements: Promotion and compensation of academic medical faculty. Results: Among the 1814 faculty respondents (response rate, 60%), female faculty were less likely to be full professors than were men with similar professional roles and achievement. For example, 66% of men but only 47% of women (P < 0.01) with 15 to 19 years of seniority were full professors. Large deficits in rank for senior faculty women were confirmed in logistic models that accounted for a wide range of other professional characteristics and achievements, including total career publications, years of seniority, hours worked per week, department type, minority status, medical versus nonmedical final degree, and school. Similar multivariable modeling also confirmed gender inequity in compensation. Although base salaries of nonphysician faculty are gender comparable, female physician faculty have a noticeable deficit (−$11 691; P = 0.01). Furthermore, both physician and nonphysician women with greater seniority have larger salary deficits (−$485 per year of seniority; P = 0.01). Limitations: This is a cross-sectional study of a longitudinal phenomenon. No data are available for faculty who are no longer working full-time in academic medicine, and all data are self-reported. Conclusions: Female medical school faculty neither advance as rapidly nor are compensated as well as professionally similar male colleagues. Deficits for female physicians are greater than those for nonphysician female faculty, and for both physicians and nonphysicians, women's deficits are greater for faculty with more seniority.
An unexpected role for angiotensin II in the link between dietary salt and proximal reabsorption
Authors: S. C. Thomson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

We set out to confirm the long-held, but untested, assumption that dietary salt affects proximal reabsorption through reciprocal effects on the renin-angiotensin system in a way that facilitates salt homeostasis.Wistar rats were fed standard or high-salt diets for 7 days and then subjected to renal micropuncture for determination of single-nephron GFR (SNGFR) and proximal reabsorption.The tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) system was used as a tool to manipulate SNGFR in order to distinguish primary changes in net proximal reabsorption (Jprox) from changes due to glomerulotubular balance.The influence of Ang II over Jprox was determined by the sensitivity of Jprox to the AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan.Plasma, whole kidneys, and fluid from midproximal tubules were assayed for Ang II content by radioimmunoassay.In rats on the standard diet, losartan reduced Jprox by 25% and reduced the maximum range of the TGF response by 50%.The highsalt diet suppressed plasma and whole-kidney Ang II levels.But the high-salt diet failed to reduce the impact of losartan on Jprox or the TGF response and actually caused tubular fluid Ang II content to increase.The persistent effect of Ang II on Jprox prevented a major rise in late proximal flow rate in response to the high-salt diet.These observations challenge the traditional model and indicate that the role of proximal tubular Ang II in salt-replete rats is to stabilize nephron function rather than to contribute to salt homeostasis.
Everyone is happier in UK except for long term sick, latest figures show
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

People in the United Kingdom have a sunnier disposition since the economic situation improved, the latest measures of personal wellbeing indicate. Small but significant improvements in happiness, life satisfaction, and the feeling that what one does is worthwhile are accompanied by a decline in anxiety when responses in 2013-14 are compared with those a year ago.

The only group excluded from the feelgood factor are people with long term illness, whose ratings have remained unchanged or declined slightly. The Office for National Statistics, which collects the data, speculated that because these people are less able to take advantage of better job prospects, they become less satisfied with their lives as they see others doing so. It does not mention changes in disability allowances as a possible cause.

The wellbeing programme, favoured by the prime minister …
Bailey &amp;amp; Scott's Diagnostic Microbiology
Authors: Victor Lorian
Journal: JAMA (1990)

As the editors say in the preface, microbiology continues to expand in this era of new infectious agents and difficult to manage infections. Since the first few editions, this book has established itself as a principal reference for clinical microbiologists. In its eighth edition, it is still a storehouse of much valuable information for the physician. The book has four main sections. The first part deals with organization and functions. It contains information on epidemiology useful for those interested in infection control. The second part is devoted to the collection, transport, and processing of specimens. With regard to processing, both conventional and rapid, nontraditional methods are discussed. Very new techniques that were not in use several years ago, such as liposome-enhanced latex agglutination or genetic probes, introduce the reader to a new diagnostic philosophy that embodies the most recent findings of physics, chemistry, and immunology. The information presented on collection
Comparison of Antigenicity of Hoechst 21PH Insulin Using Either Implantable Intraperitoneal Pump or Subcutaneous External Pump Infusion in Type 1 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Nathalie Jeandidier, Sylvie Boullu, Marie-Sophie Busch-Brafin, Gerard Chabrier, Rémy Sapin, Françoise Gasser, Michel Pinget
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—To assess the antigenicity of the insulin Hoechst 21PH (Hoe21PH) using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and to compare the antigenicity of this insulin when administered intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Peritoneal administration of Hoe21PH (Hoechst-Roussel, Somerville, NJ) insulin using implantable devices (continuous peritoneal insulin infusion [CPII]) increases anti-insulin antibody (AIA) levels in type 1 diabetic patients. Intraperitoneal administration, addition of a stabilizer (polyethylene polypropylene glycol), or insulin modifications due to storage in the pump may be involved in this antigenicity. In this nonrandomized study, 24 type 1 diabetic patients were treated with either CSII (n = 11, group 1) or CPII (n = 13, group 2). AIA levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before starting patients on Hoe21PH and again after 3 and 6 months. RESULTS—Patients were comparable in the two groups. AIA levels (RIA) remained stable (24.3 ± 8.5% [month 0] to 24.9 ± 8.5.5% [month 6]) in group 1 and increased (21.8 ± 6.7% [month 0] to 41.8 ± 6.9% [month 6]) in group 2 (P = 0.005, Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test). Using ELISA, AIA remained stable in the patients in group 1 (n = 9; 3.8 ± 0.8 units/ml [month 0] and 4.1 ± 1.0 units/ml [month 6]) and tended to increase in the patients in group 2 (n = 12; 4.1 ± 0.7 units/ml [month 0] to 17.5 ± 4.6 units/ml [month 6]) (P = 0.07). Comparison of the evolution of AIA formation between the two groups, using RIA at months 0, 3, and 6 showed a significant difference (analysis of variance, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS—No increase in AIA levels was demonstrated when Hoe21PH insulin was administered subcutaneously as assessed by two different assays. CPII is proven to be more antigenic than CSII, and this is not related to a specific antigenicity of Hoe21PH insulin. The intraperitoneal route of administration or insulin modifications due to insulin storage in implantable devices might explain this antigenicity.
383 Recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-γ) therapy reduces the clinical severity of atopic dermatitis (AD)
Authors: L SCHNEIDER, J HANIFIN, K COOPER, M BOGUNIEWICZ, H MILGROM, H JAFFE, A IZU, L BUCALO, D LEUNG
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Potassium Depletion in Severe Heart Disease
Authors: R. J. White, D. A. Chamberlain, J. Hamer, J. McAlister, L. A. Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Exchangeable sodium and potassium, total body water, and sulphate space were measured in 42 patients with severe valvular heart disease who were free of oedema. Compared with normal subjects of the same height, no increase in exchangeable sodium was found but a mean potassium depletion of 27% was shown. This depletion was not related to diuretic therapy, and no relationship between the degree of depletion and postoperative arrhythmias was found. It is concluded that the major cause of the low exchangeable potassium is the reduction in cell mass that occurs in chronic heart disease, and that there is no significant fall in the intracellular potassium concentration.
Adrenal function in non-septic long-stay critically ill patients: evaluation with the low-dose (1 µg) corticotropin stimulation test
Authors: Ioanna Dimopoulou, Ioannis Ilias, Paraskevi Roussou, Alexandra Gavala, Adigoni Malefaki, Ema Milou, Marinos Pitaridis, Charis Roussos
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2002)
MOF: An R Function to Detect Outlier Microarray
Authors: Song Yang, Xiang Guo, Hai Hu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2008)

Abstract We developed an R function named “microarray outlier filter” (MOF) to assist in the identification of failed arrays. In sorting a group of similar arrays by the likelihood of failure, two statistical indices were employed: the correlation coefficient and the percentage of outlier spots. MOF can be used to monitor the quality of microarray data for both trouble shooting, and to eliminate bad datasets from downstream analysis. The function is freely avaliable at http://www.wriwindber.org/applications/mof/.
Disseminated Pulmonary Calcification
Authors: Mark H. Joress, Boris P. Bushueff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

ANTIGEN skin testing in the presence of disseminated pulmonary calcification shows a high prevalence of histoplasmin sensitivity. Furcolow et al.,1 in a combined study using tuberculin and histoplasmin antigen and x-ray examination of thousands of persons, begun in 1945 in Kansas City, Missouri, brought out the striking relation between calcifications seen on the roentgenograms and parallel skin sensitivity to the antigen. Table 1 illustrates the calcification-antigen relation observed in the Kansas City study.Previous reports by Christie and Peterson2 and Palmer3 called attention to the frequency of histoplasmin sensitivity among negative tuberculin reactors whose films show disseminated pulmonary calcification. Palmer4 also pointed . . .
Delivery of helium–oxygen mixture during spontaneous breathing: evaluation of three high-concentration face masks
Authors: Ferran Roche-Campo, Laurence Vignaux, Fabrice Galia, Aissam Lyazidi, Frédéric Vargas, Joëlle Texereau, Gabriela Apiou-Sbirlea, Philippe Jolliet, Laurent Brochard
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2011)
Idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia: natural history and prognostic factors
Authors: Dimitrios I. Zonios, Judith Falloon, John E. Bennett, Pamela A. Shaw, Doreen Chaitt, Michael W. Baseler, Joseph W. Adelsberger, Julia A. Metcalf, Michael A. Polis, Stephen J. Kovacs, Joseph A. Kovacs, Richard T. Davey, H. Clifford Lane, Henry Masur, Irini Sereti
Journal: Blood (2008)
Polymerase chain reaction amplification applied to the determination of β‐like globin gene cluster haplotypes
Authors: Millicent Sutton, Eric E. Bouhassira, Ronald L. Nagel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract We report here on the application of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for the determination of the β‐like gene cluster haplotypes. Seven fragments containing each one of the following polymorphic sites—Xmnl 5′ to the G γ gene, Hindlll in the IVSII of G γ and A γ gene, Hincll 3′ and inside the γ gene, Hinfl 5′ of the β gene—and Hpal 3′ of the β gene—are amplified using the PCR technique. Each amplified fragment is subsequently digested with the appropriate enzyme, analyzed by electrophoresis on agarose gel containing ethidium bromide, and visualized under ultraviolet light. This technique has the advantages of rapidity, safety, and cost‐effectiveness.
Treatment of frequent ventricular arrhythmia with encainide: assessment using serial ambulatory electrocardiograms, intracardiac electrophysiologic studies, treadmill exercise tests, and radionuclide cineangiographic studies.
Authors: R DiBianco, R D Fletcher, A I Cohen, J S Gottdiener, S N Singh, R J Katz, H R Bates, B Sauerbrunn
Journal: Circulation (1982)

The effects of encainide on ventricular arrhythmia and left ventricular function were studied in 21 patients with chronic, high-grade ventricular arrhythmia using a prospective, 3-month, placebo-controlled, single-blind trial design. Encainide caused a 96% decrease in the average hourly frequency of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) and comparable reductions in salvos of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and episodes of sustained VT. Intracardiac electrophysiologic testing showed prolonged intraatrial and intraventricular conduction times and increased atrial, atrioventricular nodal, and ventricular refractory periods with both i.v. and oral encainide without His-Purkinje block, despite marked prolongation of HV and QRS intervals. Induced repetitive ventricular beating after ventricular extrastimuli in 15 patients showed persistent repetitive ventricular beating with chronic oral encainide in seven patients, four of whom had sustained VT within 2 months of treatment on encainide. Encainide did not reduce exercise capacity or left ventricular ejection fraction at rest or during supine exercise. Minor adverse effects of encainide in 11 of 21 patients included dose-related visual disturbances, dizziness and sinus pauses (less than 3 seconds). Major adverse effects included the new appearance of sustained VT in three of 20 patients (15%). Oral encainide effectively reduces the frequency and grade of VPCs, prolongs intracardiac conduction times, and does not impair left ventricular performance. However, it is associated with frequent minor side effects and uncommon but potentially severe major side effects (sustained VT), both of which apparently have a direct relationship to the size of the dose.