tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient Engagement Programs and Treatment of Depression
Authors: Brett D. Thombs, Roy C. Ziegelstein
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
WHOLE BLOOD PRESERVATION; A PROBLEM IN GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY. AN IN VITRO ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM OF BLOOD STORAGE1
Authors: Arthur K. Parpart, John R. Gregg, Philip B. Lorenz, Ethel R. Parpart, Aurin M. Chase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1947)

1. Optimd temperature for preservation.Studies have been made on whole blood samples stored at different temperatures
P192 Aside From Age, Do Other Factors Increase The Risk Of Hepatotoxicity In Patients Treated For Latent Tb Infection?
Authors: C. Ma, J. Potter, H. Kunst, V. White
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) occurs in a number of at-risk groups including: tuberculosis (TB) contacts, migrants from high prevalence countries and those who are immunosuppressed. The risk of hepatotoxicity in treating LTBI is thought to be low but much of this evidence is in patients treated with 6 months of isoniazid (6H) rather than 3 months of rifampicin and isoniazid (3RH). Equally, other than age, there is limited data on other factors which may contribute to the risk of developing hepatotoxicity. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study was performed at our centre. We analysed all patients treated with chemoprophylaxis, regardless of indication, between 2009 and 2013. Demographic data, treatment regimens and adverse drug reactions, including hepatotoxicity, were recorded. Severe hepatotoxicity was defined as either a rise in ALT five times greater than the upper limit of normal, or as any change in liver function that required an interruption or alteration in treatment. Liver function tests (LFTs) were routinely measured at baseline and then again at two weeks. <h3>Results</h3> 290 cases were identified. 84.5% of patients were treated with 3RH, 12.1% were treated with 6H. 2.1% experienced severe hepatotoxicity 2 weeks into treatment. None had symptoms which prompted blood tests prior to our standard 2 week LFTs. Gender, age, documented co-existing liver disease, regimen choice, concomitant use of hepatotoxic drugs and reason for giving chemoprophylaxis were not significantly associated with an increased risk of hepatotoxicity. LTBI treatment was case managed by TB nurses with 91.7% of patients successfully completing treatment. There was no significant difference in treatment completion or adherence rates in those who developed hepatotoxicity compared with those who did not. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our review demonstrates a low incidence of hepatotoxicity associated with treatment of LTBI and highlights the difficulty in predicting those in whom it will occur. If management of LTBI moves from primary to secondary care it will remain important to perform LFTs at two weeks.
Between a fifth and a third of hospitals record inaccurate cost data
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A third of NHS trusts in England submit annual cost data that are “materially incorrect” and half have poor costing in at least one important area of activity, a snapshot survey of 50 trusts by the health analytics company CHKS Capita has shown.1

But the results may exaggerate the failings, since 60% of the trusts selected for auditing were chosen because they were suspected of being poor at costing. In the remaining 40%, which were chosen at random, only a fifth had inaccurate data.

Every year each hospital trust submits reference cost data to the Department of Health. Each reference cost is the cost incurred by the organisation to produce one unit of activity, where units of activity are categorised by type (day case, outpatient, emergency admission, and so on), specialty, and healthcare resource group (HRG), which defines the condition treated. The volume …
AN UNUSUAL CASE OF VARICOSE VEINS.
Authors: B. J. WETHERBY
Journal: JAMA (1897)

I wish to report what has been to me an unusual and interesting case of varicose veins. The patient, Carl Mitchell of Arlington, Kansas, has been under my observation more or less constantly, on account of an intimate friendship, and near residence, during the past ten years, until I removed from the State, six months ago. He is now about twenty-six years of age, married, and by occupation a farmer. Until three years ago he was in perfect health, with the exception of a very obstinate acne vulgaris of the face, shoulders and breast, which still persists, although in a much modified form. His parents are both living and in good health. He has two sisters, living and healthy. He has never had gonorrhea or syphilis. Three years ago he was rather suddenly seized with pain in Scarpa's triangle, over the femoral vein of the left side, which was followed
Confluence at Life's Extremes
Authors: David A. Silverman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

On Being a Doctor1 April 1994Confluence at Life's ExtremesDavid A. Silverman, MD, PhDDavid A. Silverman, MD, PhDHebrew Home and Hospital, West Hartford, CT 06117.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-7-199404010-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I spent last winter in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). This was a radical change from my usual venue, where the average patient is 86 years of age and the typical child past menopause. Although I am a faculty member, because I am a geriatrician my privileges in the NICU were defined by parenthood. Delivery of our first child was precipitated by placental abruptio, after a gestation too brief for Sarah Beth to survive without the expertise of physicians, the risks of high technology, and the mercy of something I don't quite believe in. One cannot grow from fertilized ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hebrew Home and Hospital, West Hartford, CT 06117.Corresponding Author: David A. Silverman, MD, PhD, Hebrew Home and Hospital, 1 Abrahms Boulevard, West Hartford, CT 06117. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByReflections of Physician-Authors on Death: Literary Selections Appropriate for Teaching Rounds 1 April 1994Volume 120, Issue 7Page: 615KeywordsBrainBrain diseasesNecrotizing enterocolitisNeonatal intensive care unitsOxygenRespiratory syncytial virusRunningSepsisTouchVentilators Issue Published: 1 April 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE AUTUMNAL FEVERS OF THE SOUTHERN ATLANTIC STATES AND THEIR TREATMENT.
Authors: BEDFORD BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Fever of a malarial origin is an annual visitant, from August to the middle of October, of all that vast section comprised within the Southern Atlantic and Gulf States, and also of a large portion of the interior, comprising the Middle, Western and Southern States. The large number of cases occurring within the vast area comprised within these borders, the distress of mind and body, the loss of time by sickness, the additional expense incurred, the impairment of health and the greatest of earthly evils, the mortality resulting, combine to render this one of the most important and interesting subjects in our profession, and how successfully to prevent malarial infection and to correct it after it enters the human system, become questions of paramount importance. While this subject has for years received the closest attention from scientific and practical minds, it never loses interest or grows trite and in all
Choroidal Metastasis from Renal-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sathish Srinivasan, David G. Gray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Ayr Hospital Ayrshire KA6 6DX, Scotland, United Kingdom 38-year-old man presented to the ophthalmology department with a four week history of defective central vision in his right eye. Examination of the fundus of the right eye showed two discrete, yellowish-orange subretinal masses, each measuring about 2.5 mm in diameter, occupying the posterior pole and involving the macular area (long arrows, Panel A). There was localized overlying edema of the neurosensory retina (short arrows, Panel A). The left fundus was unremarkable. The appearance of the fundus in the right eye was highly characteristic of choroidal metastasis. Two months earlier, the patient had been admitted to the medical ward with a twomonth history of low back pain. Plain-film radiographs of the spine were suggestive of bony metastasis. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen and chest showed a large right-sided (R) suprarenal mass (arrow, Panel B) with evidence of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy and intrapulmonary metastasis. Whole-body bone scans showed bony metastasis in the lumbar spine and the skull vault. A CT-guided renal biopsy was diagnostic of clear-cell renal carcinoma. The patient underwent palliative radiotherapy for his renal tumor and choroidal metastasis, but he died five months after his initial presentation.
Transformation of BALB/c-3T3 cells: II. Investigation of experimental parameters that influence detection of benzo[a]pyrene-induced transformation.
Authors: E J Matthews
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) induced significant morphological transformation of clone A31-1-13 BALB/c-3T3 cells without exogenous activation. Therefore, BaP was selected as a model to determine the internal consistency of detection of chemical-induced transformation. BaP induced a continuum of type I-III foci of different sizes, and the ratio of type I-III to type III foci/vessel was usually about 2-fold. The major finding was that BaP induced highly significant transformation responses, and the magnitude of these responses were inversely correlated with the cytotoxicity of the treatment doses. Thus, the induction of BaP-induced transformation behaved as though it was caused by a mutational event. Variability among responses were shown to depend on the serum lot and the cryopreserved ampule of cells. In addition, experiments with low spontaneous transformation responses had an impaired ability to detect BaP; however, experiments with high or normal spontaneous responses had a normal ability to detect BaP. Because the expression of BaP-induced transformation depended on both the cytotoxicity of the treatment and the cumulative number of mitoses, the frequency of BaP-induced transformation should be reported as the number of foci/vessel, but not expressed as the number of foci/viable cell surviving the chemical treatment. These conclusions are important because the same 110 experiments described in this report were also used to evaluate the transformation responses of many different carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic chemicals. These data are being reported separately.
Effects of procainamide and quinidine sulfate in the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Authors: T D Sellers, R W Campbell, T M Bashore, J J Gallagher
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Thirty-three patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome were studied electrophysiologically before and after administration of intravenous procainamide and oral quinidine sulfate. Procainamide prolonged the shortest R-R (SRR) interval between two consecutive pre-excited beats during atrial fibrillation 20-70 msec in 15 of 21 patients with no change observed in 6 of 21 patients. Quinidine sulfate prolonged the SRR 20-170 msec in all 16. In 14 of 18 patients where procainamide and quinidine were comparable, quinidine prolonged the SRR 30-100 msec more than procainamide.
THE NON-OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF STRABISMUS.
Authors: GEORGE M. GOULD
Journal: JAMA (1902)

In 1893 at the meeting of the Ophthalmic Section of the Pan-American Medical Congress, when operative treatment of heterophoria was universally practiced by American oculists,<sup>1</sup>I ventured to say that it seemed to me unphysiologic, unnecessary, without analogy in the treatment of similar incoördinations elsewhere in the body, requiring an impossible delicacy of execution, without definite prognosis, and unsatisfactory in result. In the<i>Medical News</i>of Oct. 14, 1893, and Nov. 18, 1893, I stated more fully my reasons for the extempore statements, and the methods I had found successful instead of tenotomies, graduate, undergraduate or postgraduate. I think that there are to-day extremely few tenotomies performed for heterophoria, in comparison with the thousands that were being performed. Following the reaction against the operative furore in heterophoria there has arisen a wise restraint in operations for strabismus.<sup>2</sup>As I have nothing to recant concerning the absolute inutility of
TREATMENT OF INOPERABLE CARCINOMA OF THE CERVIX UTERI WITH RADIUM: DESCRIPTION OF THE MORE RECENT METHODS EMPLOYED
Authors: M. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1925)

I MR-DICAL JOURNAL indicative of somec form of dyspepsia, many of the cases hiave undeigone severe restriction in their diet, or the food may lhave beeii mnodified, with unfortunate results.The coni- ditioni may persist for many months.In the most severe, deatlh fromii hunger or fr-om intercurrent infection mav occur.TrcaQtment.
Separation of the oscillatory current from other currents in cardiac Purkinje fibres
Authors: A. MUGELLI
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

An oscillatory current (Ios) can be recorded after depolarising clamps of a given amplitude and duration. To determine whether Ios depends on other currents activated during the clamp, the Ios was investigated in the absence and in the presence of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and cesium (Cs). The following results were obtained. 4-AP, as expected, markedly reduced the early outward current Iqr, and this effect was fully reversible. The Ios persisted when Iqr was suppressed by 4-AP and in fact became greater. Also, several procedures (progressive increase in clamp duration, two step repolarisation, repetitive clamps) affected Ios similarly whether Iqr was present or not. Ios does not depend on the plateau current Ix1 since with 4-AP Ios increased while the tail of Ix1 were unaffected. Cesium abolished the pacemaker current but not Ios, demonstrating that Ios does not result from an oscillatory behaviour of the pacemaker current. Often Cs reduced the amplitude of Ios: prolonging the depolarising clamp increased Ios but did not restore the pacemaker current. It is concluded that the oscillatory current is independent of either the early outward current Iqr or the pacemaker current. Also, while the action of 4-AP and Cs on Iqr and the pacemaker current are confirmed, it appears doubtful that these two agents act specifically on these two currents alone.
Breast Cancer Detection and Treatment Revisited
Authors: Myron Moskowitz
Journal: JAMA (1979)

SEVERAL points are in order concerning the article by Maurice S. Fox, PhD, that was recently published in<i>JAMA</i>(241:489-494, 1979). Fox chooses to interpret the Connecticut Tumor Registry's survival and mortality data (unpublished, 1973 to 1975), as indicating that many, if not most, stage I cancers are clinically indolent and biologically insignificant. This, however, is only one of many possible interpretations. For example, it is equally possible that the increase in incidence of breast cancer is real, and the reason for stable mortality is the fact that there has been a conspicuous downstaging of the disease. Another possibility is that treatment has improved and that stable mortality is a reflection of that improvement. Other interpretations and hypotheses could be inferred from these data, and it is clear that no single hypothesis can hold sway over the others without conclusive scientific proof. <h3>Stage at Detection</h3> There is clear proof available
Assessing clinical trials--rash adventures.
Authors: S M Gore
Journal: BMJ (1981)

RASH ADVENTURESEagerness to begin analysis may compromise the careful planning and execution of the trial if the important step of checking the data before analysis is omitted.No amount of statistical ingenuity can make bad data good.What is needed is first to prepare an account of the numbers of patients lost to follow-up or withdrawn from the trial, giving the reasons for withdrawal and evaluating potential bias; secondly, to check that the observations are sensible-within range, for exampleorderly, and consistent for a given patient; and thirdly, to compare baseline characteristics between randomised groups to verify that the patients in these groups are initially similar or to be aware of chance differences that should be taken into account at analysis.Patient withdrawal (45) What information should be reported about patients who are withdrawn from a clinical trial or excluded retrospectively ?-numbers of patients withdrawn from each treatment group -reasons for withdrawal -potential bias if these patients are not included at analysis COMMENT
Endocytic Capsule Sensors for Probing Cellular Internalization
Authors: Kang Liang, Sylvia T. Gunawan, Joseph J. Richardson, Georgina K. Such, Jiwei Cui, Frank Caruso
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

A new class of polymer capsules with an in-built endocytic pH-coupled fluorescence switch is reported. These capsules display reversible “on/off” fluorescence in response to cellular pH variations. Using this system, the high-throughput quantification between surface-bound and internalized capsules is demonstrated. This system allows a fundamental study of the interaction between nanoengineered materials and biological systems at a cellular level. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Mediators of perivascular inflammation in the left ventricle of renovascular hypertensive rats
Authors: A. Nicoletti, C. Mandet, M. Challah, J. Bariety, J.-B. Michel
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Objective: Inflammatory cells invade the fibrotic myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats at the same sites as where fibroblasts are produced. The role of these inflammatory cells in myocardial fibrogenesis was studied in the present work. Methods: The production and distribution of proteins that may be implicated in inflammation was examined by immunohistochemistry of sections of left ventricles from 1-month and 4-month renovascular hypertensive and age-matched control rats using antibodies against ICAM-1, LFA-1, TGFβ1, PDGF-A, T and H kininogens, IgG, IgM, C3, and C5b-9. Infiltrating inflammatory cells were phenotyped by immunohistochemistry. The TGFβ1 and PDGF-A mRNA levels were checked by RT-PCR. Results: Infiltrating cells were mainly T helper lymphocytes and macrophages, and there were more inflammatory cells in hypertensive rats than in control rats, localized especially around coronary arteries and in microscars. There were more ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in the ventricles of hypertensive than in control rats at 1 month, but the ICAM-1 expressions in hypertensive and control rats were similar at 4 months. TGFβ1 and PDGF-A mRNA steady states increased in 4-month hypertensive rats, but there was no labeling for TGFβ or PDGF by immunohistochemistry. There was only faint labeling for T and H kininogens, and it was not increased in hypertensive rats. There were deposits of IgM and C5b-9 only in hypertensive rats. Conclusion: Thus, inflammatory cells infiltrate the cardiac tissue of renovascular hypertensive rats as in the case of spontaneously hypertensive rats and these cells may use the ICAM-1/LFA-1 system to infiltrate, but neither TGFβ and PDGF-A, nor the kininogen system seem to be associated with cardiac fibrogenesis. Otherwise, the complement system could act as arteriosclerotic and/or leukocyte mobilizing factors.
Doctors are told to ditch “disease spreading” neckties
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Doctors should no longer wear ties on ward rounds, because they can spread disease, the BMA says in its new guidance on infections acquired in hospital.

At the launch of the report this week the BMA's head of science and ethics, Vivienne Nathanson, said: “It's up to individuals, but what we're saying to doctors is that ties are a potential reservoir and they're unnecessary. Doctors have to recognise the potential risk.”

Dr Nathanson also said that patients should feel free to ask doctors who were about to touch them whether they adopted strict hygiene standards. “There's absolutely no reason why patients shouldn't ask their doctor if they've washed their …