tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiologist is struck off after failing to spot pathology that "should have been obvious to even a trainee"
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A consultant radiologist who committed a string of errors when he worked as a locum after retiring from his NHS post has been struck off by a panel of the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service.

David Mukasa retired from his post as a consultant radiologist at Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust in July 2010, then returned to the same trust as a locum consultant a month later. During the first …
Tc-99m Pertechnetate Uptake in a Thymoma: Case Report
Authors: RUSSELL L. WILSON, ROBERT J. COWAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

A case is reported to Tc-99m pertechnetate accumulation within an anterior mediastinal thymoma during a search for substernal goiter. This reemphasizes the non-specificity of Tc-99m pertechnetate uptake and the need for caution in using this agent to detect ectopic thyroid tissue.
Can Diabetes Be Prevented by Vegetable Fat?
Authors: Edith J.M. Feskens
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The prevention of type 2 diabetes has become an important clinical and health policy issue around the globe because of the increasing rates of diabetes in developed as well as in developing countries. Evidence of successful programs concerning the primary prevention of diabetes has only very recently been provided. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (1) was the largest randomized intervention study, which included 522 middle-aged overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. The intervention consisted of individual counseling on reducing body weight, total fat intake, and intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and increasing fiber intake and physical activity. After 4 years, the cumulative diabetes incidence was 11 vs. 23% in the control group ( P < 0.001). The reduction in diabetes was highest in the group with the largest changes in lifestyle.

An important feature of this study is that it resulted in a substantial decrease in diabetes risk despite an only modest difference in body weight (3 kg), which shows that other parts of the intervention played a role as well.

In this light, it is worthwhile to pay close attention to the role of dietary composition in diabetes etiology. In this issue of Diabetes Care , Meyer et al. (2) report on the impact of various dietary fatty acids on the risk of type 2 diabetes in the Iowa Women’s Health Study. They studied 35,988 women, aged 55–69 years, free of diabetes, and followed them for 11 years, resulting in 1,890 new cases of type 2 diabetes. Intake of fat and fatty acids was assessed from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. After adjustments for main risk factors, including BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, dietary fiber, magnesium, and other dietary fat subtypes, substituting polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake for SFA was inversely associated with diabetes risk, with a 16% reduction in …
Hemodialysis Using Prostacyclin Instead of Heparin as the Sole Antithrombotic Agent
Authors: Randall M. Zusman, Robert H. Rubin, Allen E. Cato, David M. Cocchetto, James W. Crow, Nina Tolkoff-Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Anticoagulation during hemodialysis is necessary to prevent clotting of the blood on contact with the dialysis membrane. Heparin is the usual anticoagulant used, but systemic anticoagulation may persist for hours, and hemorrhage is common. We successfully used an infusion of prostacyclin, which has an in vitro half-life of three to five minutes, as the sole anticoagulant in 10 patients on long-term hemodialysis and in one patient undergoing dialysis for acute renal failure (this patient bled severely on three occasions when heparin was used). Prostacyclin was infused intravenously for 10 minutes before dialysis and into the arterial line of the dialyzer during dialysis. We adjusted the rate of infusion into the dialyzer to prevent prostacyclin-induced hypotension. Each patient completed 240 minutes of dialysis and received a total of 423 +/- 91 ng of prostacyclin per kilogram of body weight (mean +/- S.E.M.; range, 56 to 780). Prostacyclin caused no clinically important changes in the intrinsic clotting system, and there were no hemorrhages or clotting of the coil. We conclude that prostacyclin can safely replace heparin as the sole antithrombotic agent during hemodialysis and may be more advantageous if anticoagulation is contraindicated.
Role of cold and emotional stress in Raynaud's disease and scleroderma.
Authors: R R Freedman, P Ianni
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Research on the aetiology of Raynaud9s disease and phenomenon has been hindered by the difficulty of provoking attacks in the laboratory. A study was therefore conducted in which digital and ambient temperatures, electrocardiograms, and stress ratings were obtained during ambulatory monitoring in patients with idiopathic Raynaud9s disease, Raynaud9s phenomenon secondary to scleroderma, and in normal subjects. In Raynaud9s disease about one third of the vasospastic attacks were associated with tachycardia and increased stress ratings without declines in ambient temperature. In contrast, cold alone was enough to provoke most attacks of Raynaud9s phenomenon in scleroderma. Chronically increased stress ratings in patients with scleroderma and increased muscle tension in anticipation of a cold stimulus suggest that these patients have different patterns of stress responses from those with Raynaud9s disease.
Improvement of Quality of Life After Surgery on the Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Franz F. Immer, Christiane Lippeck, Hanna Barmettler, Pascal A. Berdat, Friedrich S. Eckstein, Beat Kipfer, Hugo Saner, Jürg Schmidli, Thierry P. Carrel
Journal: Circulation (2004)

We have recently demonstrated that the use of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) during surgery for acute type A aortic dissections or thoracic aortic aneurysms adversely affect mid-term quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study is to assess the impact of DHCA duration and the potential effects of antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) on mid-term QoL.Between January 1994 and December 2002, 363 patients underwent surgery of the thoracic aorta with the use of DHCA at our institution. One hundred seventy-six (48.5%) presented with acute type A dissections and 187 (51.5%) presented with aortic aneurysms. ACP was used in 41 (11.3%) cases. All in-hospital data were assessed and a follow-up was performed in all survivors after 2.4+/-1.2 years. QoL was analyzed with the Short-Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). In-hospital mortality was 8.6%. In comparison with patients having undergone DHCA <20 minutes, averaged QoL score was significantly decreased in patients with DHCA between 20 and 34 minutes (95.6+/-12.8 versus 81.9+/-15.7; P<0.01) and >35 minutes (61.8+/-18.3; P<0.01). Averaged QoL score was significantly better with the use of ACP, independently of the duration of DHCA.DHCA duration >20 minutes, and especially >35 minutes, adversely affects mid-term QoL in patients undergoing surgery of the thoracic aorta. The use of ACP, however, improved averaged QoL score at each time period and allows DHCA to be extended up to 30 minutes, without impairment in mid-term QoL.
Clara cell protein 16 (CC16) gene polymorphism influences the degree of airway responsiveness in asthmatic children
Authors: Claudia Sengler, Andrea Heinzmann, Silvija-Pera Jerkic, Assia Haider, Christine Sommerfeld, Bodo Niggemann, Susanne Lau, Johannes Forster, Antje Schuster, Wolfgang Kamin, Carl Bauer, Ingrid Laing, Peter LeSouef, Ulrich Wahn, Klaus Deichmann, Renate Nickel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Irish Medical Council softens its line on abortion
Authors: Doug Payne
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Irish Medical Council has voted to shift its stance on abortion. The council voted last week, after rancorous internal debate, to move away from its outright ban on abortions. Previously the council's guidelines stated that the deliberate and intentional destruction of an unborn child was professional misconduct (though it was not misconduct if a child in utero lost its life as a side effect of standard medical treatment of the mother).

The new guidelines say that …
A Rubella Tarantella
Authors: Edgar K. Marcuse
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Confusion between rubella (German measles) and rubeloa (measles) has complicated rubella vaccination programs across the country. A recent study by Darney and Overton (<i>J Med Assoc Alabama</i>,<b>39</b>:537, 1969) showed that 31% of all parents who refused to return a rubella vaccination permission slip in Barbar County, Alabama, did not return the slip because they believed that an earlier "measles" vaccine was protective against rubella. Newspaper headlines frequently read "Measles" when the article refers to rubella. Often, the word "measles" will appear with the word "rubella" in parenthesis next to it, or the word "rubeola" with the words "German measles" set in apposition. A review of dictionaries demonstrates that this confusion is not confined to the newspaper industry. In many medical dictionaries, "rubella" or "German measles" is given as a second definition for "rubeola."
Pleural Effusion with Pancreaticopleural Fistula
Authors: M. Tombroff, A. Loicq, J.-P. De Koster, L. Engleholm, J.-P. Govaerts
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Three patients with pleural effusion were found to have pancreaticopleural fistulas passing through an opening in the diaphragm are reported. In one case the effusion was purulent and originated from an abscess of the pancreas. Retrograde pancreatography during operation defined the course of the fistula. In two other cases the fistula was demonstrated by radiography after intrapleural injection of contrast medium. The diagnostic importance of injecting contrast medium early into the pleural cavity in cases of effusion rich in amylase, before lung expansion obscures the fistula, is emphasized. Cases of pancreaticopleural fistula may be commoner than supposed.
Alpha-1-antitrypsin mutant Z protein content in individual hepatocytes correlates with cell death in a mouse model
Authors: Douglas Lindblad, Keith Blomenkamp, Jeffrey Teckman
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract Alpha-1-antitrypsin (a1AT) deficiency is caused by homozygosity for the a1AT mutant Z gene and occurs in 1 in 2000 births. The Z mutation confers an abnormal conformation on the protein, resulting in an accumulation within the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes rather than appropriate secretion. The accumulation of the mutant protein is strikingly heterogeneous within the liver. Homozygous ZZ children and adults have an increased risk of chronic liver disease, which is thought to result from this variable intracellular accumulation of the a1AT mutant Z protein. Previous reports have suggested that autophagy, mitochondrial injury, apoptosis, and other pathways may be involved in the mechanism of hepatocyte injury, although the interplay of these mechanisms in vivo is unclear. In this study, we examine a well-characterized in vivo model of a1AT mutant Z liver injury, the PiZ mouse, to better understand the pathways involved in this disease. The results show an increase in the stimulation of the apoptotic cascade in hepatocytes, the magnitude of which strongly correlates to the absolute amount of the a1AT mutant Z protein accumulated within the individual cell. Increases in apoptotic regulatory proteins are also detected. Conclusion: These data, combined with previous work, permit for the first time the construction of a hypothetical hepatocellular injury cascade for this disease involving mitochondrial injury, caspase activation, and apoptosis, which takes into account the heterogeneous nature of the mutant Z protein accumulation within the liver. Further development of this hypothetical cascade will focus future research on this and other metabolic liver diseases. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Calcific Aortic Stenosis — Time to Look More Closely at the Valve
Authors: Catherine M. Otto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Calcific aortic stenosis is a progressive disease that results in stiff valve leaflets with eventual obstruction to left ventricular outflow. Once symptoms occur, valve replacement is the only effective treatment, and there are no known therapies to prevent disease progression. However, several lines of evidence suggest that calcific valve disease is not simply due to age-related degeneration but, rather, is an active disease process with identifiable initiating factors, clinical and genetic risk factors, and cellular and molecular pathways that mediate disease progression.The key initiating factor in the development of calcific aortic stenosis appears to be mechanical stress. Specifically, a . . .
Can You Cure Him, for the Baby’s Sake?
Authors: Paulette Mehta, John Fetting
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools ART OF ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.03.106 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14581431 Can You Cure Him, for the Baby’s Sake? Paulette MehtaxPaulette MehtaSearch for articles by this author , John FettingxJohn FettingSearch for articles by this author Show More From the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, and The Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.03.106 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Can You Cure Him, for the Baby’s Sake?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(21), pp. 4064–4065© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The Syndrome of Periodic Somnolence and Morbid Hunger (Kleine-Levin Syndrome)
Authors: M. Critchley, H. L. Hoffman
Journal: BMJ (1942)

In W. Kleine's report (1925) upon a series of five cases of periodic somnolence there were two patients in whom bouts of hypersomnia were associated with excessive appe- tite.Four years later M. Levin (1929) included in a paper entitled "Narcolepsy and Other Varieties of Morbid Somnolence" another case in which symptoms of polyphagia and pathological sleep periodically occurred in combination.In 1936 the same author, having collected seven such cases from the literature and from his own observation, published them as examples of a new syn- drome of "periodic somnolence and morbid hunger."This syndrome was considered to occur exclusively in males, starting in the second decade, and to be character- ized by attacks of sleepiness lasting several days or weeks, associated with excessive hunger, motor unrest, and various psychological features, notably irritability, mild confusion, incoherent speech, and, at times, hallucinations.Three of the patients developed their initial symptoms soon after an acute illness (" grippe," tonsillitis, influenza).Levin's paper did not attract much notice, as judged by the lack of fresh case records by other physicians.Another of his publications upon this subject (Levin, 1938) did not con- tain any new clinical material.We here report two more cases of periodic somnolence and morbid hunger typical of the syndrome described by Kleine and by Levin, with special reference to blood-sugar estimations and, in one case, to the electro-encephalographic findings. Case IThe patient, an air mechanic aged 20, was admitted to a naval hospital on April 21, 1941.Apart from measles no illness had occurred.The family history revealed no nervous or mental
Giardial Infection from Water
Authors: RICHARD A. WRIGHT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 April 1975Giardial Infection from WaterRICHARD A. WRIGHT, M.D.RICHARD A. WRIGHT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-4-589_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In a recent article (Ann Intern Med81:498-499, 1974), five cases of infections withGiardia lambliawere epidemiologically associated with drinking contaminated water from an underground cistern. This association was strengthened by the microscopic identification ofG. lambliatrophozoites in water samples taken from the implicated source. At the Center for Disease Control, working in conjunction with Colorado state health officials, I had the opportunity to investigate several clusters of giardiasis patients in Colorado between 1972 and 1974. Similar to the authors' findings, my investigations invariably identified a source of untreated water as the most likely vehicle...References1. CHANGKUBLER SP: Detection of cysts of E. histolytica in tap water by the use of membrane filter. Am J Hyg 64:170-180, 1956 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. MOORECROSSMCGUIRE GWD: Epidemic giardiasis at a ski resort. N Engl J Med 281:402-407, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 335 Frederick San Francisco, California 94117 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByWaterborne Outbreaks of GiardiasisGiardiasisWaterborne giardiasis in the United States: a review.A Communitywide Outbreak of Giardiasis with Evidence of Transmission by a Municipal Water SupplyPETER K. SHAW, M.D., RICHARD E. BRODSKY, M.D., DONALD O. LYMAN, M.D., BRUCE T. WOOD, B.A., CHARLES P. HIBLER, Ph.D., GEORGE R. HEALY, Ph.D., KENNETH I.E. MACLEOD, M.D., M.P.H., WALTER STAHL, Ph.D., MYRON G. SCHULTZ, D.V.M., M.D., D.C.M.T., F.A.C.P. 1 April 1975Volume 82, Issue 4Page: 589-590KeywordsEpidemiologyGiardia lambliaGiardiasis Issue Published: 1 April 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Are allergic multimorbidities and IgE polysensitization associated with the persistence or re‐occurrence of foetal type 2 signalling? The <scp>M</scp>e<scp>DALL</scp> hypothesis
Authors: J. Bousquet, J. M. Anto, M. Wickman, T. Keil, R. Valenta, T. Haahtela, K. Lodrup Carlsen, M. van Hage, C. Akdis, C. Bachert, M. Akdis, C. Auffray, I. Annesi‐Maesano, C. Bindslev‐Jensen, A. Cambon‐Thomsen, K. H. Carlsen, L. Chatzi, F. Forastiere, J. Garcia‐Aymerich, U. Gehrig, S. Guerra, J. Heinrich, G. H. Koppelman, M. L. Kowalski, B. Lambrecht, C. Lupinek, D. Maier, E. Melén, I. Momas, S. Palkonen, M. Pinart, D. Postma, V. Siroux, H. A. Smit, J. Sunyer, J. Wright, T. Zuberbier, S. H. Arshad, R. Nadif, C. Thijs, N. Andersson, A. Asarnoj, N. Ballardini, S. Ballereau, A. Bedbrook, M. Benet, A. Bergstrom, B. Brunekreef, E. Burte, M. Calderon, G. De Carlo, P. Demoly, E. Eller, M. P. Fantini, H. Hammad, C. Hohman, J. Just, M. Kerkhof, M. Kogevinas, I. Kull, S. Lau, N. Lemonnier, M. Mommers, M. Nawijn, A. Neubauer, S. Oddie, J. Pellet, I. Pin, D. Porta, Y. Saes, I. Skrindo, C. G. Tischer, M. Torrent, L. von Hertzen
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Allergic diseases [asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis (AD)] are complex. They are associated with allergen‐specific IgE and nonallergic mechanisms that may coexist in the same patient. In addition, these diseases tend to cluster and patients present concomitant or consecutive diseases (multimorbidity). IgE sensitization should be considered as a quantitative trait. Important clinical and immunological differences exist between mono‐ and polysensitized subjects. Multimorbidities of allergic diseases share common causal mechanisms that are only partly IgE‐mediated. Persistence of allergic diseases over time is associated with multimorbidity and/or IgE polysensitization. The importance of the family history of allergy may decrease with age. This review puts forward the hypothesis that allergic multimorbidities and IgE polysensitization are associated and related to the persistence or re‐occurrence of foetal type 2 signalling. Asthma, rhinitis and AD are manifestations of a common systemic immune imbalance (mesodermal origin) with specific patterns of remodelling (ectodermal or endodermal origin). This study proposes a new classification of IgE‐mediated allergic diseases that allows the definition of novel phenotypes to (i) better understand genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, (ii) better stratify allergic preschool children for prognosis and (iii) propose novel strategies of treatment and prevention.
765 TWELVE-MONTHS ENTECAVIR LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN LIVER FIBROSIS, ACTIVITY AS PER FibroTest-FibroMax AND LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENTS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B. STEATOSIS IMPACT ON FIBROSIS REGRESSION
Authors: F. Zoulim, X. Causse, V. Leroy, D. Ouzan, N. Ganne, V. Bourcier, V. de Ledinghen, P. Mathurin, J. Moussalli, M. Rudler, L. Bonyhay, D. Thabut, R. Pais, J. Massard, V. Di Martino, F. Dranne, C. Renou, J.-P. Bronowicki, Y. Ngo, M. Munteanu, T. Poynard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Coexpression and stimulation of parathyroid hormone receptor positively regulates slowly activating IsK channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes
Authors: Siegfried Waldegger, Gertraud Raber, Hartmut Süßbrich, J. Peter Ruppersberg, B. Fakler, Heini Murer, Florian Lang, Andreas E. Busch
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Ruling on interferon beta will hit all health authorities
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

North Derbyshire Health Authority acted unlawfully in denying a patient with multiple sclerosis treatment with interferon beta, a High Court judge ruled last week. The landmark judgment has ramifications for cash-strapped health authorities throughout Britain and will boost the case for a separate NHS fund to pay for expensive new drugs coming on the market as a result of biotechnological advances.

Mr Justice Dyson said that the health authority had knowingly imposed what was in effect a blanket ban on the use of the drug, despite guidance in an NHS circular on making it available through hospitals. “A blanket ban was the very antithesis of national policy, …
Hypoxic preconditioning of ischaemic canine myocardium
Authors: Y. Shizukuda, R. T Mallet, S.-C. Lee, H F. Downey
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aim was to test whether a brief period of non-ischaemic hypoxia can precondition myocardium. Methods: 60 anaesthetised adult mongrel dogs of either sex underwent 60 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by 5 h reperfusion. In treated groups, hearts were either preconditioned with 5 min coronary perfusion with hypoxic blood [O2 content 9.2(SEM 0.6) ml·litre−1] or 5 min occlusion followed by a 10 min reperfusion period prior to 60 min occlusion. The effect of these treatments on myocardial infarct size and regional contractile function was assessed. Results: Infarct size, determined by tetrazolium staining, as a percentage of anatomical area at risk was markedly decreased in hypoxia preconditioned hearts, at 7.2(1.8)% v 22.4(4.6)% in controls (p<0.01), but did not differ from ischaemia preconditioned hearts [4.6(1.7)%; p<0.01 v control]. Anatomical area at risk, expressed as a percentage of left ventricular mass, and collateral blood flow to the inner two thirds of the ischaemic wall did not differ among the groups. Regional contractile function was depressed following ischaemic preconditioning but not following hypoxic preconditioning. During reperfusion following 60 min occlusion, marked paradoxical systolic lengthening was evident in ischaemia preconditioned and control hearts but not in hypoxia preconditioned myocardium. Conclusions: Five minutes of hypoxic and ischaemic preconditioning were equipotent in preventing infarction, whereas ischaemic preconditioning caused a greater decrement in postischaemic contractile function.