tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in An Anti–Hbc-Nonreactive Blood Donor: Variant Virus or Defective Immune Response?
Authors: Jae-Hag Lee, Teresa G. Paglieroni, Paul V. Holland, Jerome B. Zeldis
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Viral sequence and host immune response were investigated in an unusual, asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus carrier (human leukocyte antigen type A24, Bw61, Bw62, Bw6, DRw11, DRw52, DQw7) who was consistently nonreactive for antibody to HBc and had a normal ALT level over a 5–yr study period. The precore and core region DNA sequences of virus isolated from his serum had seven silent mutations that resulted in no changes in the amino acid sequence of the adr HBsAg subtype. He had no abnormalities in the number of peripheral blood T or B cells and no HBcAg–specific suppressor T cells. His lymphocytes proliferated in vitro in response to phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, Staphylococcus aureus and tetanus toxoid but not to recombinant HBcAg. Unlike other HBsAg carriers and hepatitis B virus-immune individuals, his monocytes did not ingest beads coated with HBcAg. Failure to produce antibody to HBc was not due to an hepatitis B virus variant but to a selective immune system defect in this asymptomatic HBsAg carrier. (Hepatology 1992;16:24-30.)
Major changes are proposed for definitions of female sexual dysfunction
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The definitions of female sexual dysfunction and its disorders of desire, arousal, orgasm, and pain are facing a major overhaul as part of the current revision of the influential Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

A working group for the American Psychiatric Association, which produces the manual, has proposed new definitions that give greater acknowledgment to the relationship context of women’s sexual difficulties and new criteria to raise the threshold for diagnosis.

Describing current criteria for “hypoactive sexual desire disorder” as being “highly problematic,” a member of the working group, Lori Brotto, a psychologist and assistant professor at the University of British Columbia, wrote …
TCR affinity and negative regulation limit autoimmunity
Authors: Matthew A Gronski, Jonathan M Boulter, Demetrius Moskophidis, Linh T Nguyen, Kaisa Holmberg, Alisha R Elford, Elissa K Deenick, Hee O Kim, Josef M Penninger, Bernhard Odermatt, Awen Gallimore, Nicholas R J Gascoigne, Pamela S Ohashi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2004)
Transparent Polyurethane Film as a Catheter Dressing-Reply
Authors: Karen K. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —When comparing the infection risks of transparent vs gauze dressings used on central venous catheters, the RRs were 1.78 for catheter-tip infection, 1.63 for bacteremia, and 1.69 for catheter sepsis. These RRs represent the best assessment of the overall risk associated with the use of transparent dressings. (For catheter-tip infection,<i>P</i>&lt;.001; for catheter sepsis,<i>P</i>=.06.) In our discussion we used the word "trend" in discussing this level of significance. The choice of .05 as the level of "statistical significance" is arbitrary, and given the RRs demonstrated in the meta-analysis, further studies are warranted before accepting transparent dressings as safe. Dr Berry notes that a recent review by Maki<sup>1</sup>states that quantitative cultures of catheter tips have a "15 to 40 percent association with concomitant bacteremias." We disagree with Berry's conclusions regarding the significance of a positive catheter-tip culture. Dr Maki notes that "most catheter-related septicemias derive
Diagnosing Gallbladder Disease
Authors: Gerbail T. Krishnamurthy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 March 1989Diagnosing Gallbladder DiseaseGerbail T. Krishnamurthy, MDGerbail T. Krishnamurthy, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-6-493 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:In its recent position paper ( 1 ) on diagnosing gallbladder disease, the Health and Policy Committee of the American College of Physicians recommended use of ultrasonographic examination of the gallbladder as the preferred initial test for both acute and chronic cholecystitis and use of HIDA cholescintigraphy only if the diagnosis is uncertain after ultrasonography. This recommendation is in conflict with the data reported by Marton and Doubilet (2), who found that cholescintigraphy has a sensitivity of 95% to 97% and a specificity of 90% to 97% for acute cholecystitis. When the major criteria for a gallbladder...References1. . How to study the gallbladder. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:752-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Marton K and Doubilet P. How to image the gallbladder in suspected cholecystitis. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:722-9. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Krishnamurthy G. Acute cholecystitis: the diagnostic role for current imaging test. West J Med. 1982;137;87-94. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Down R, Arnold J, and Goldin A. Comparison of accuracy of Tc-99m pyridoxylidine glutamate, scanning with oral cholecystectography and ultrasonography in diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Lancet. 1979;2:1094-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Gracie W and Ransohoff D. The natural history of silent gallstones. The innocent gallstone is not a myth. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:798-800. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. Marton K and Doubilet P. How to image the gallbladder in suspected cholecystitis. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:722-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Ralls D, Colletti P, and Lapin S. Real-time sonography in suspected acute cholecystitis: prospective evaluation of primary and secondary signs. Radiology. 1985;155:767-71. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gerbail T. Krishnamurthy, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1989Volume 110, Issue 6 Page: 493-494 Keywords Gallbladder Research design Specificity Ultrasound imaging ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 March 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum concentrations of the carboxyterminal cross-linking domain of procollagen type IV (NC1) and the aminoterminal propetide of procollagen type III (PIIIP) in chronic liver disease
Authors: Akira Hayasaka, Detlef Schuppan, Kunihiko Ohnishi, Kunio Okuda, Eckhart G. Hahn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1990)
A METHOD OF RECORDING CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT WHICH OCCUR WITHIN SHORT INTERVALS OF TIME.
Authors: WARREN P. LOMBARD
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Exact determinations of the rate at which metabolism is occurring within the body are of great practical as well as scientific interest. It is doubtful whether any method can be devised which will give more accurate results than those obtained from a subject living in a respiratory chamber, but this method in its most complete form requires an expensive plant, can not be used in the case of the sick and fails to give changes which occur within short intervals of time. In the hope of developing a method which, even though less exact, might be sufficiently accurate to meet practical requirements, and give information concerning changes in metabolism which occur from minute to minute, the work recorded in this paper was undertaken.  Higley, working with Bowen in the physiological laboratory of the University of Michigan, found that the movements of a delicate balance could be recorded on the blackened
Data in trials and their published papers do not always agree, finds analysis
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An analysis that compared clinical trial documents that were released because of a lawsuit with the corresponding papers published in medical journals has generated further concern about the integrity and reliability of research and of publishing. 

The analysis, by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and published in PLoS Medicine , was based on 21 trials of the off-label uses of gabapentin sponsored by the drug companies Pfizer and Parke-Davis.1 Only 11 of the trials were eventually published. But the extensive cache of documents was made public because of litigation over illegal marketing practices for the drug.

“For three trials there was disagreement on the number of randomized participants between the research report and publication,” summarized the senior …
Epidemiology of periodontal diseases in adults from Latin America
Authors: Rui V. Oppermann, Alex N. Haas, Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing, Cristiano Susin
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2014)

Abstract A decade has passed since we first reviewed the epidemiology of periodontal diseases in Latin America. At that time, lack of population‐based studies was the norm and our conclusions were based on very limited evidence. The aim of the present comprehensive review was to update and expand our previous work by providing a broad overview of Latin America and its current social, economic and demographic status and by focusing on the epidemiology of periodontal diseases in Latin American adults published in the last 15 years. The amount of periodontal epidemiological data available has increased but is still restricted to a few countries only. The scope of the literature available has also broadened to include oral health‐related quality of life and systemic interactions; however, most studies had methodological limitations that might have biased their results. In general, periodontitis was very prevalent, but severe periodontal destruction was localized. Besides being associated with well‐established risk factors, periodontitis was associated with demographics and socio‐economic factors in Latin American populations. To advance epidemiological knowledge, population‐based cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies, using appropriate methodologies, should be the future focus of the research agenda of researchers and public health planners in Latin American countries.
AT long last: An animal model of Wilson's disease
Authors: Ronald J. Sokol
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The LEC rat is an inbred mutant strain with spontaneous hepatitis isolated from Long-Evans rats. Since approximately 40% of LEC rats die of fulminant hepatitis, the rat serves an animal model for studying the pathogenesis and treatment of human fulminant hepatitis. The remaining 60% of LEC rats survive and develop chronic (prolonged) hepatitis and subsequently develop liver cancer. Therefore, the LEC rat serves an important animal model for studying the significance of chronic hepatitis in the development of human liver cancer, which often develops in association with chronic hepatitis. The LEC rat can also be used as an animal model of Wilson's disease, since recent studies have disclosed high copper accumulation in the liver and low ceruloplasmin concentration in the serum of this mutant rat.
RENIN-SENSITIVE MICRORNAS CORRELATE WITH PLAQUE PROGRESSION: A SUBSET ANALYSIS FROM THE ALPINE PROSPECTIVE TRIAL
Authors: Jeffrey Deiuliis, Georgeta Mihai, Jie Zhang, Juliet Varghese, Andrei Maiseyeu, Orlando Simonetti, Kun Huang, Sanjay Rajagopalan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract A6: The synergy between IL-12 priming of CD8 T cells and lymphodepletion is mediated by host IL-7.
Authors: Christopher Bryce Johnson, Bennett R. May, Colleen A. Cloud, Mark P. Rubinstein, David J. Cole
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Adoptive T-cell transfer therapy (ACT) is a promising approach for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Using the pmel-1 transgenic mouse as a source of melanoma-reactive CD8 T-cells, our lab has shown that priming these tumor-specific cells ex vivo with IL-12 (pmelIL-12) prior to ACT results in significant anti-tumor synergy and enhanced persistence in combination with cyclophosphamide (CTX). Here we demonstrate that other currently accepted lymphodepletion approaches, total body irradiation (TBI) alone or in combination with CTX, are also capable of synergizing with ACT of pmelIL-12. Interestingly, all 3 regimens (CTX, TBI and CTX + TBI) showed a similar ability to synergize with pmelIL-12, suggesting a common underlying mechanism. To elucidate the mechanism(s) behind this observed synergy, we evaluated whether the persistence of pmelIL-12 cells transferred into a lymphopenic host required the cytokines IL-7 and IL-15, which are known to be increased in the host post lymphodepletion. We found that the early expansion of pmelIL-12 in an irradiated host was partially dependent on IL-7, but not IL-15, as both the percentage and total number of donor cells recovered from spleens of irradiated hosts 1-week after ACT were greatly diminished in mice treated with an antibody against the IL-7 receptor alpha, CD127, or with an IL-7 neutralizing antibody (clone M25). In vitro these pmelIL-12 cells were able to proliferate in response to IL-7 to a much greater extent than pmel CD8 T-cells activated without IL-12. Together, these findings demonstrate that activated CD8 T cells primed with IL-12 display enhanced responsiveness to IL-7, and that IL-7 is necessary for maximal persistence of these cells in an irradiated host. Therefore, we conclude that the observed synergy between IL-12 priming of CD8 T cells and lymphodepletion is due in part to increased availability of host IL-7 after lymphodepletion. Citation Format: Christopher Bryce Johnson, Bennett R. May, Colleen A. Cloud, Mark P. Rubinstein, David J. Cole. The synergy between IL-12 priming of CD8 T cells and lymphodepletion is mediated by host IL-7. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A6.
Health promotion for adolescents in primary care: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Z. Walker
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate the effectiveness of inviting teenagers to general practice consultations to discuss health behaviour concerns and appropriate follow up care. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial, with participants randomised to a consultation (intervention) or usual care (control). Questionnaires completed at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. <b>Setting:</b> Eight general practices in Hertfordshire, England. <b>Participants:</b> 1516 teenagers aged 14-15 years. <b>Intervention:</b> Consultations with practice nurses to discuss health concerns and develop plans for healthier lifestyles. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Mental and physical health, “stage of change” for health related behaviour, and use of health services. <b>Results:</b> At baseline 970 teenagers completed questionnaires; 23% smoked, 35% had been drunk in the previous three months, 64% considered they ate unhealthily, 39% took little exercise, and 36% had possible depression. 41% (304) of teenagers invited attended for a consultation; over one third (112) were offered follow up care. More intervention group teenagers reported positive movement in stage of change for diet and exercise and in at least one of four behaviours (diet, exercise, smoking, drinking alcohol) at 3 months (41% <i>v</i> 31%, P&lt;0.01), but this did not persist at 12 months. There was marginally more positive change in actual behaviour by intervention teenagers at 3 months (16% <i>v</i> 12%, P=0.06). Recognition of possible depression resulted in improved mental health outcomes at 3 and 12 months. 97% of attenders said they would recommend the intervention to a friend. <b>Conclusions:</b> Change in behaviour was slight but encouraging, and the intervention was well received and relatively cheap.
Diagnostic phototesting in polymorphous light eruption: the optimal number of irradiations
Authors: I.J. Schornagel, E.F. Knol, H. van Weelden, C.L.H. Guikers, C.A.F.M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, V. Sigurdsson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Diagnostic phototesting in polymorphous light eruption: the optimal number of irradiations Get access I.J. Schornagel, I.J. Schornagel Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands I.J.Schornagel. E‐mail: i.j.schornagel@umcutrecht.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.F. Knol, E.F. Knol Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Van Weelden, H. Van Weelden Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.L.H. Guikers, C.L.H. Guikers Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A.F.M. Bruijnzeel‐Koomen, C.A.F.M. Bruijnzeel‐Koomen Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Sigurdsson V. Sigurdsson Department of Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 6, 1 December 2005, Pages 1234–1236, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06954.x Published: 01 December 2005
Pretransplant administration of imatinib for allo-HSCT in patients with BCR-ABL–positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Shuichi Mizuta, Keitaro Matsuo, Satoshi Nishiwaki, Kiyotoshi Imai, Heiwa Kanamori, Kazuteru Ohashi, Takahiro Fukuda, Yasushi Onishi, Koichi Miyamura, Satoshi Takahashi, Makoto Onizuka, Yoshiko Atsuta, Ritsuro Suzuki, Yasuo Morishima, Koji Kato, Hisashi Sakamaki, Junji Tanaka
Journal: Blood (2014)
Humoral Antibodies in Renal Homograft
Authors: Felix Milgrom
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The mixed agglutination test with cell cultures was used for demonstration of humoral antibodies accompanying renal homograft. Negative results were obtained with sera of 11 patients carrying renal grafts with intact circulation. In contrast, antibodies were demonstrated in the serum of a patient who was maintained on dialysis after surgical removal of the rejected kidney graft. A hypothesis was advanced that humoral antibodies formed by patients with renal homografts are removed from the blood circulation by the graft. This was substantiated by experiments on dogs. Renal homografts in dogs elicited formation of humoral antibodies which were detectable a few days after cessation of the blood flow through the renal artery. Following the second kidney graft from the same donor, the antibodies immediately disappeared but they reappeared again a few days after removal of the second graft.
Book Review Comprehensive Textbook of Oncology Second edition. Edited by A.R. Moossa, Stephen C. Schimpff, and Martin C. Robson, with L. Austin Doyle, Richard S. Kaplan, and Mark R. Green. 1918 pp. in two volumes, illustrated. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, 1991. $175.
Authors: Daniel D. Karp
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
More televisions and less noise diffuse aggression on mental health wards
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Simple, low cost changes to the physical environment of inpatient units for mental health and learning disabilities can improve patients' satisfaction and reduce the risk of violent incidents, says a report.

Last year, an audit by the Healthcare Commission of the services provided by 265 wards 60 trusts showed high levels of violence and tension in the wards. One in three patients had experienced verbal abuse; threats; or, more rarely, physical assault. The figure rose to 41% for staff on the wards and nearly 80% for nurses. Nearly one fifth (18%) of visitors to the wards also reported violent or threatening behaviour.

The …
Orally Effective CVS-1123 Prevents Coronary Artery Thrombosis in the Conscious Dog
Authors: Geoffrey R. Cousins, Gregory S. Friedrichs, Yuji Sudo, Sam S. Rebello, William E. Rote, George P. Vlasuk, Thomas G. Nolan, Christine Mendoza, Benedict R. Lucchesi
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background We examined the oral efficacy of a direct thrombin inhibitor, CVS-1123 [(CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 -CH-CO-Asp(OCH 3 )-Pro-Arg-CHO; MW, 575]. The object was to determine whether thrombin inhibition could reduce the incidence of occlusive coronary artery thrombosis in response to arterial wall injury. Methods and Results Arterial wall injury was induced in conscious dogs by a 150-μA anodal current applied to the intimal surface of the circumflex coronary artery 30 minutes after oral CVS-1123 (20 mg/kg every 8 hours for three doses; n=11) or placebo containing diluent (n=10). Dogs were monitored for 8 hours and at 24 hours. The coronary artery remained patent for 24 hours in 8 of 11 CVS-1123–treated dogs. All dogs (n=10) in the placebo group developed a sustained, occlusive arterial thrombus. Two hours after the initial oral dose, the plasma CVS-1123 concentration was 13±1 μg/mL, reaching a maximum of 15±1 μg/mL after the second dose and 4.4±0.5 μg/mL at 24 hours. Ex vivo platelet aggregation to γ-thrombin was inhibited and activated partial thromboplastin time was increased after treatment with CVS-1123 ( P &lt;.05). Conclusions The direct thrombin inhibitor CVS-1123 is effective after oral administration in reducing the incidence of primary thrombus formation in an experimental model of arterial wall injury. Thrombin-specific inhibitors, such as CVS-1123, may be alternative antithrombotic agents in clinical settings in which heparin-associated thrombosis is a complicating factor or when long-term anticoagulation is required.
The Doctor-Patient Relationship: Headed for Impasse or Improvement?
Authors: PETER S. JENSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Deterioration and doctor-patient rapport may be due to increased consumerism, a rise in medical technology, and a societal trend towards deprofessionalization. Increased emphasis on doctor-patient rapport during medical training, closer supervision of studied-patient interactions by physicians trained in the biopsychosocial approach, continuing medical education courses to update the practitioner's interpersonal skills, and a change in medical school admission policies are recommended. Increased consumer involvement in individual doctor-patient relationships and in the health care structure may result in greater patient satisfaction and improved health care.
Hypercoagulability in Venous and Arterial Thrombosis
Authors: Duncan P. Thomas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

The term "hypercoagulability" is used to describe patients who are at increased risk for thrombosis because of inherited defects in their anticoagulant pathways or because of various predisposing causes. About one in five patients of European descent who present with venous thromboembolism have a specific genetic defect in their anticoagulant pathway. In these patients, anticoagulant prophylaxis is indicated at times of high risk, such as after surgery. Prolonged anticoagulant therapy may be required in patients with recurrent or life-threatening thromboemboli, but decisions about this are best made on an individual basis. Patients who present with arterial thrombosis usually develop their disease as a complication of atherosclerosis. However, these patients also have a form of hypercoagulability, manifested primarily by high fibrinogen levels and elevated factor VII activity. Evidence increasingly indicates that these and other hemostatic markers may help in the assessment of patients at risk for coronary heart disease.