tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for severe retinopathy in non-insulin dependent diabetes.
Authors: T Dornan, C Peckar, J Steemson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

be providing them ?Indeed it could have been providing them for six years if the members of the GMSC realised that you published an excellent journal in front of the supplement.Perhaps they are all so pleased with the A4 records in their own practices that they spare no thoughts for the rest of us.
The Medical Skills of Ancient Egypt
Authors: R. Ted Steinbock
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our knowledge of ancient Egyptian medicine is predominantly from the various medical papyri formulated between 1550 BC and 300 AD. Dr Estes provides a very readable and informative account of the medical and surgical skills of the physicians treating a variety of diseases and disorders. Ancient Egyptian physicians were actually divided among magicians, priests, and lay members called<i>swnw</i>. They shared a common magicoreligious and empirical tradition relying on spells, amulets, sanctified water, and dream revelation. The author presents an excellent synopsis of ancient Egyptian concepts of sickness and healing. As a pharmacologist and medical historian, Estes is uniquely qualified to evaluate the extensive Egyptian materia medica. He found that over 70% of the extant recipes were for topical use. The largest number of medicines were prescribed for disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, followed by skin and hair, bones and joints, and eyes. A valuable glossary of drug substances is
901-5 Intravenous Amiodarone Restores Sinus Rhythm in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Dimitris Kontoyannis, Maria I. Anastasiou-Nana, Sophoklis Kontoyannis, John N. Nanas, Andreas Kalabalikis, Spyridon D. Moulopoulos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Simultaneous Hot and Cold Bone Scan Metastases in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: CECILIA M. Y. LEUNG, I. E. T. STEWART, C. METREWELI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the developing world and cure is effected by resection or transplant. Skeletal metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma are uncommon. Bone metastases are radiographically osteolytic. On bone scintigraphy, they may be either hot or cold. Cold lesions have been shown to accumulate other tracers.
Neurohormonal and Hemodynamic Changes in Severe Cases of the Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Authors: Juan Balasch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

To evaluate systemic hemodynamics, endogenous vasoactive neurohormonal factors (renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems, antidiuretic hormone, atrial natriuretic factor, and renal prostaglandins), and renal function in the severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.Prospective longitudinal study.Assisted-reproduction unit of a tertiary care hospital in Barcelona, Spain.31 consecutive patients having in vitro fertilization with development of ascites because of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.Mean arterial pressure; cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance; hematocrit concentration; renal function; plasma renin activity; plasma aldosterone, norepinephrine, antidiuretic hormone, and atrial natriuretic peptide determinations; and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1 were measured during the syndrome and 4 to 5 weeks after recovery (baseline).During the syndrome, patients showed increased hematocrits (mean of the paired difference, 0.047; 95% CI, 0.029 to 0.064), decreased mean arterial pressure (-16.6 mm Hg; CI, -19.8 to -13.6), increased cardiac output (2.6 L/min; CI, 2.13 to 3.17), and reduced peripheral vascular resistance (-709 dyne/s.cm-5;CI, -792 to -627). This was accompanied by marked increases of plasma renin (14.4 ng/L.s; CI, 9.87 to 18.90), norepinephrine (1.857 nmol/L; CI, 0.533 to 3.161), antidiuretic hormone (3.3 pg/mL; CI, 1.89 to 4.71), and atrial natriuretic peptide levels (9.7 fmol/mL; CI, 6.1 to 13.2). Hemoconcentration developed in 16 patients (mean of the paired difference in hematocrit concentration, 0.082; CI, 0.063 to 0.101) but not in 15 others (0.009; CI, 0.003 to 0.021). Both groups showed similar values for arterial pressure, cardiac output, and peripheral vascular resistance, but patients with hemoconcentration had higher (P < 0.05) levels of renin (mean, 20.97 ng/L.s[CI, 13.3 to 28.63] compared with 7.83 ng/L.s[CI, 4.08 to 11.58]), norepinephrine (3.907 nmol/L [CI, 3.057 to 4.757] compared with 2.417 [CI, 2.035 to 2.799]), and antidiuretic hormone (6.0 pg/mL [CI, 4.1 to 7.9] compared with 2.4 [CI, 1.7 to 3.03]).In addition to increased capillary permeability, severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is consistently associated with arteriolar vasodilation. The simultaneous occurrence of these disorders leads to hyperdynamic circulatory dysfunction with marked stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin system, and antidiuretic hormone.
GPs criticised by ombudsman
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The first GPs in Britain to experience the rigours of the health service ombudsman's jurisdiction were called to account last week by MPs on the Commons select committee on public administration.

Dr William Cuthbert, a GP in Wolverhampton, was criticised by the ombudsman, Michael Buckley, for failing to respond to an out of hours call to arrange a syringe driver to administer morphine to a terminally ill patient when he was shopping …
Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration due to diarrhoea in children: systematic review
Authors: S. Hahn, Y. Kim, P. Garner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To compare reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution with standard World Health Organization oral rehydration solution in children with acute diarrhoea. <b>Design:</b> Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. <b>Studies:</b> 15 randomised controlled trials including 2397 randomised patients. <b>Outcomes:</b> The primary outcome was unscheduled intravenous infusion; secondary outcomes were stool output, vomiting, and hyponatraemia. <b>Results:</b> In a meta-analysis of nine trials for the primary outcome, reduced osmolarity rehydration solution was associated with fewer unscheduled intravenous infusions compared with standard WHO rehydration solution (odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.47 to 0.81). Three trials reported that no patients required unscheduled intravenous infusion. Trials reporting secondary outcomes suggested that in the reduced osmolarity rehydration solution group, stool output was lower (standardised mean difference in the log scale −0.214 (95% confidence interval −0.305 to −0.123; 13 trials) and vomiting was less frequent (odds ratio 0.71, 0.55 to 0.92; six trials). Six trials sought presence of hyponatraemia, with events in three studies, but no significant difference between the two arms. <b>Conclusion:</b> In children admitted to hospital with dehydration associated with diarrhoea, reduced osmolarity rehydration solution is associated with reduced need for unscheduled intravenous infusions, lower stool volume, and less vomiting compared with standard WHO rehydration solution. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Oral rehydration solution prevents death from diarrhoea in many developing countries <h3>What this study adds</h3> Children receiving a reduced osmolarity rehydration solution were less likely to need intravenous infusion than those receiving WHO rehydration solution Reduced osmolarity rehydration solution also reduced stool output and vomiting No difference was found in rates of hyponatraemia
High-Altitude Cerebral Edema Evaluated With Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Peter H. Hackett, Philip R. Yarnell, Richard Hill, Kenneth Reynard, Joseph Heit, John McCormick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Because of its onset in generally remote environments, high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) has received little scientific attention. Understanding the pathophysiology might have implications for prevention and treatment of both this disorder and the much more common acute mountain sickness.Objectives.—To identify a clinical imaging correlate for HACE and determine whether the edema is primarily vasogenic or cytotoxic.Design.—Case-comparison study.Setting.—Community hospitals accessed by helicopter from mountains in Colorado and Alaska.Patients.—A consecutive sample of 9 men with HACE, between 18 and 35 years old, 8 of whom also had pulmonary edema, were studied after evacuation from high-altitude locations; 5 were mountain climbers and 4 were skiers. The control group, matched for age, sex, and altitude exposure, consisted of 3 subjects with high-altitude pulmonary edema only and 3 who had been entirely well at altitude. Four patients with HACE were available for follow-up imaging after complete recovery.Main Outcome Measures.—Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain during acute, convalescent, and recovered phases of HACE, and once in controls, immediately after altitude exposure.Results.—Seven of the 9 patients with HACE showed intense T2 signal in white matter areas, especially the splenium of the corpus callosum, and no gray matter abnormalities. Control subjects demonstrated no such abnormalities. All patients completely recovered; in the 4 available for follow-up MRI, the changes had resolved entirely.Conclusions.—We conclude that HACE is characterized on MRI by reversible white matter edema, with a predilection for the splenium of the corpus callosum. This finding provides a clinical imaging correlate useful for diagnosis. It also suggests that the predominant mechanism is vasogenic (movement of fluid and protein out of the vascular compartment) and, thus, that the blood-brain barrier may be important in HACE.
Predictors of house‐dust‐mite allergen concentrations in dry regions in Australia
Authors: C. H. Vanlaar, S. H. Downs, T. Z. Mitakakis, J. D. Leuppl, N. G. Car, J. K. Peat, G. B. Marks
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: House‐dust‐mite allergen content differs between houses and is thought to be a function of the housing characteristics and furnishing choices that affect indoor microclimate and mite proliferation. The importance of these features may differ with regional climates. Methods: Concentrations of mite allergen were analysed as a function of housing features. Information on housing features was collected by questionnaire in 50 houses in two towns in a dry inland region of Australia. Mite allergen (Der p 1) was measured by ELISA in dust samples collected on five occasions over 2 years from beds and floors. Results: Der p 1 was detected in all houses. Many housing features did not influence mite allergen concentrations. However, the presence of evaporative cooling increased mite allergen by 3.34‐fold in beds ( P =0.007) and 3.94‐fold in floors ( P =0.003). Mite allergen was threefold higher in mattresses &gt;5 years old, and synthetic and feather duvets tended to have higher and lower levels of mite allergen, respectively. Conclusions: In houses in dry, inland regions of Australia, evaporative cooling and older mattresses are associated with higher concentrations of mite allergen. Alternative forms of air conditioning to evaporative cooling may be useful for control of mite allergen in dry regions.
Assisted dying is not the same as euthanasia
Authors: R. Tallis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Aim</h3> To examine the associations of air pollution with both self-reported age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and in vivo measures of retinal sublayer thicknesses. <h3>Methods</h3> We included 115 954 UK Biobank participants aged 40–69 years old in this cross-sectional study. Ambient air pollution measures included particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) and nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>). Participants with self-reported ocular conditions, high refractive error (&lt; −6 or &gt; +6 diopters) and poor spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) image were excluded. Self-reported AMD was used to identify overt disease. SD-OCT imaging derived photoreceptor sublayer thickness and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer thickness were used as structural biomarkers of AMD for 52 602 participants. We examined the associations of ambient air pollution with self-reported AMD and both photoreceptor sublayers and RPE layer thicknesses. <h3>Results</h3> After adjusting for covariates, people who were exposed to higher fine ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter &lt;2.5 µm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>, per IQR increase) had higher odds of self-reported AMD (OR=1.08, p=0.036), thinner photoreceptor synaptic region (β=−0.16 µm, p=2.0 × 10<sup>−5</sup>), thicker photoreceptor inner segment layer (β=0.04 µm, p=0.001) and thinner RPE (β=−0.13 µm, p=0.002). Higher levels of PM<sub>2.5</sub> absorbance and NO<sub>2</sub> were associated with thicker photoreceptor inner and outer segment layers, and a thinner RPE layer. Higher levels of PM<sub>10</sub> (PM with an aerodynamic diameter &lt;10 µm) was associated with thicker photoreceptor outer segment and thinner RPE, while higher exposure to NO<sub>x</sub> was associated with thinner photoreceptor synaptic region. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Greater exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> was associated with self-reported AMD, while PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> absorbance, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> were all associated with differences in retinal layer thickness.
Passive Elasticity of the Human Left Ventricle
Authors: ARIEH FESTER, PHILIP SAMET
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Pressure-volume (PV) and stress-strain relationships (σ-ε) were utilized for evaluation of stiffness changes in the human left ventricle. A total of 45 patients were studied with data available from routine cardiac catheterization. They were divided into eight groups from which five were chosen for statistical comparison. These were the groups of normal, idiopathic hypertrophy without obstruction (IH), congestive heart failure in severe coronary artery disease (CHF-CAD 1 ), moderate to severe CAD 2 , and mild to moderate CAD 3 . Utilizing precise pressure volume relationships, the natural elastic stiffness (dσ sp. /dε 2 ) for a spherical model and the stiffness constant K 2 were evaluated. In addition, stress-strain relationships for ellipsoid model were utilized for evaluation of the diastolic stiffness and the stiffness constants b 1 and K 3 as obtained for the modified Lagrangian strain (L-L 1 )/L 1 , and the natural strain Loge(L/L o ), respectively. The constants K 2 , b 1 and K 3 were 20.3 ± 1.5, 15.0 ± 2.4 and 15.8 ± 2.3 for eight normal patients; 34.5 ± 7.9, 18.3 ± 3.4 and 19.0 ± 3.5 for seven patients with idiopathic hypertrophy; 101.2 ± 24.2, 61.0 ± 13.0 and 62.3 ± 13.0 for six patients with severe CAD and CHF (CHF-CAD 1 ); 59.5 ± 9.2, 32.7 ± 3.9 and 33.2 ± 3.9 for six patients with moderate to severe CAD (CAD 2 ) and 35.5 ± 7.3, 24.8 ± 6.3 and 25.4 ± 6.3 for nine patients with mild to moderate CAD (CAD 3 ). The end-diastolic passive elastic stiffness E 2 ed (sphere-natural) and E 3 ed (ellipsoid-natural) were 402 ± 55 g/cm 2 and 526 ± 95 g/cm 2 for the normals, 519 ± 250 and 555 ± 250 g/cm 2 for the IH group, 2420 ± 437 and 3142 ± 680 g/cm 2 for the CHF-CAD, group, 500 ± 166 and 525 ± 140 g/cm 2 for the CAD 2 group, and 352 ± 93 and 506 ± 180 g/cm 2 for the CAD 3 group. The results indicate that: 1) all stiffness constants correlated with each other very well and all are sensitive to the magnitude of the damage to the individual myocardium caused by a given disease state; 2) the ellipsoid-natural strain equation as developed in this study, which is more appropriate for biological materials, has the advantage of being the simplest of all other equations; 3) stiffness constants depend upon the quality of a given thick wall and not upon the thickness per se; 4) end-diastolic elastic stiffness may remain normal due to opposing effects of compliance, dilatation and hypertrophy; 5) the exponential part of the diastolic stress-strain curve describes only a partial mechanism by which resting force of the intact heart is explained.
S1P promotes murine progenitor cell egress and mobilization via S1P1-mediated ROS signaling and SDF-1 release
Authors: Karin Golan, Yaron Vagima, Aya Ludin, Tomer Itkin, Shiri Cohen-Gur, Alexander Kalinkovich, Orit Kollet, Chihwa Kim, Amir Schajnovitz, Yossi Ovadya, Kfir Lapid, Shoham Shivtiel, Andrew J. Morris, Mariusz Z. Ratajczak, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2012)
Treatment of air embolism with hyperbaric oxygen.
Authors: A Ireland, D Pounder, D G Colin-Jones, J R Harrison
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Une observation: embolie gazeuse accidentelle due a l'arrachage de tubes d'alimentation parenterale, le catheter d'entree etant reste in situ. Apres 2 h de traitement classique sans grande efficacite, l'oxygenotherapie hyperbare est appliquee; la conscience revient au bout de 90 mn, la recuperation progressive est complete sauf une amnesie retrograde de quelques heures
Ruxolitinib inhibits transforming JAK2 fusion proteins in vitro and induces complete cytogenetic remission in t(8;9)(p22;p24)/PCM1-JAK2–positive chronic eosinophilic leukemia
Authors: Els Lierman, Dominik Selleslag, Sanne Smits, Johan Billiet, Peter Vandenberghe
Journal: Blood (2012)
Effect of baseline thrombus in the SAFER (saphenous vein graft angioplasty free of emboli randomized) trial
Authors: Salvendra Girt, Richard E. Kuntz, Andrew C. Eisenhauer, Jeffrey J. Popma, Ross Prpic, Unsal Kaya, Campbell Rogers, Donald S. Bairn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The histone demethylase UTX regulates stem cell migration and hematopoiesis
Authors: Sebastian Thieme, Tobias Gyárfás, Cornelia Richter, Günes Özhan, Jun Fu, Dimitra Alexopoulou, Michael H. Muders, Irene Michalk, Christiane Jakob, Andreas Dahl, Barbara Klink, Joanna Bandoła, Michael Bachmann, Evelin Schröck, Frank Buchholz, A. Francis Stewart, Gilbert Weidinger, Konstantinos Anastassiadis, Sebastian Brenner
Journal: Blood (2013)
*Basidiomycete allergens: comparison of three <i>Ganoderma</i> species
Authors: W. E. Horner, A. Helbling, S. B. Lehrer
Journal: Allergy (1993)

High atmospheric concentrations of basidiospores occur in various parts of the world. Ganoderma basidiospores are distinctive, easily identifiable in aeroallergen surveys, and widely abundant. Previous studies showed that Ganoderma basidiospores caused respiratory allergies. Thus, we investigated various extracts (spore, cap, and/or mycelial) of G. meredithae, G. lucidum, and G. applanatum for allergen components. Analyses included radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition and IgE blots from isoelectric focusing (IEF) and SDS-PAGE. RAST inhibition with spores and caps of G. meredithae and G. lucidum showed that spores inhibited caps better than caps inhibited spores. Species differences were minor. Coomassie blue (CB) staining of IEF gels detected at least 23 protein bands (pI 3.6-6.6) in caps of G. meredithae and G. lucidum. G. meredithae spore extracts contained 17 of these (pI 3.6-5.0, 6.6). Spores and caps of G. meredithae contained 13 and 11 allergen bands, respectively, on IEF blots. SDS-PAGE of G. meredithae spore and cap showed one and four bands, respectively, by CB staining, but IgE blots showed 13 bands in cap and 17 in spore. Culture mycelia of G. lucidum and G. applanatum attained significant and essentially constant RAST activity by day 4. Activity was also present in culture supernatant by day 4. Blots of mycelium and supernatant detected a single allergen in day-8 mycelia and subsequently six allergen bands in day-16 mycelia and eight in day-16 supernatant (one appeared as a doublet). These data show that Ganoderma extracts contain a complex mixture of allergens. Differences among species were minor; spores and mycelia are apparently better sources of allergens than caps.
Drinks industry is using social networking to promote alcohol to young people, report warns
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Children and teenagers are increasingly at risk of being exposed to alcohol marketing and pro-alcohol messages through the internet, warns a report from Alcohol Concern, the UK national agency on alcohol misuse.

The report describes the growing importance to drinks companies of social networking sites such as Facebook and video sharing sites, including YouTube, as a means to promote their products.

It highlights the inadequacies of online means to check people’s age with the aim of preventing under 18s from accessing content intended for adults.

Figures show that almost half of UK children aged 8-17 years have set up their own profile on a …
<i>Candida albicans</i>Peritonitis Successfully Treated with Amphotericin B
Authors: David A. Ohlwiler, Eugene M. Bricker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE mycotic flora of the gastrointestinal tract has been shown to increase when patients are treated with antimicrobials.1 , 2 Increased morbidity and mortality from fungous infections after -roadspectrum antimicrobial therapy have occurred throughout the world.2 3 4 A new antifungal agent amphotericin B has been used clinically and experimentally against a wide variety of fungi, with effective results. Amphotericin B is a conjugated haptene extracted from cultures of a South American strain of streptomycetacea. The drug is effective orally and parenterally, but low blood concentrations have attended its oral administratio n.5 6 Oral doses of 0.2 to 4.0 gm. daily have been used without . . .
Management of unconscious poisoned patients.
Authors: N. Wright, J. A. Raeburn
Journal: BMJ (1969)

abdomen was tympanitic and high-pitched bowel sounds were heard.The bowels had not moved for a week, but the rectum was empty.Sigmoidoscopy was not contributory.General examination confirmed the signs of myxoedema.X-ray confirmed the diagnosis of volvulus, and a Paul-Miculicz resection of sigmoid colon was carried out.The volvulus was very large with
Disposition and Pharmacodynamics of Methamphetamine in Pregnant Sheep
Authors: David J. Burchfield
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To determine the placental transfer of methamphetamine, its subsequent fetal disposition, and its hemodynamic effects, we administered methamphetamine intravenously to 15 pregnant ewes 3 days after placement of maternal and fetal vascular catheters. Methamphetamine crossed the placenta within 30 seconds of its administration. Although the ewes had higher peak concentrations, the fetuses' longer elimination half-life ultimately led to higher fetal than maternal methamphetamine concentrations. The ratio of fetal tissue to plasma drug concentration 2 hours after administration was highest in the lung, followed by the placenta, kidney, intestine, liver, brain, and heart. Methamphetamine caused a 54% to 63% rise in maternal blood pressure, a 20% to 37% increase in fetal blood pressure, and a drop in fetal oxyhemoglobin saturation and arterial pH. We conclude that methamphetamine, in doses at or below what is commonly abused, has effects that could be detrimental to the health of the mother and her fetus.