tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PELLAGRA IN LEPROSY
Authors: E. S. Goodhue
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In Queries and Minor Notes (The Journal, August 9) Dr. Wilson of Kwangju, Chosen, Korea, describes a disease in lepers which he believes indicative of pellagra. In a paper read at the ninth annual meeting of the American Society of Tropical Medicine, at Atlantic City, June 3, 1912, I reported a case of pellagra in Hawaii, in a woman who at the time was or soon after became a leper. Some months later she was examined by Dr. G. W. McCoy, director of the Hygienic Laboratory at Washington, who pronounced her a leper. He was aware of the diagnosis I had made which, owing to the general acceptance of the "maize theory" of causation, and the fact that there had never been a known case of pellagra in Hawaii, made my diagnosis seem doubtful. The following is my clinical report: Mrs. K., aged 26, Polynesian, a housekeeper
Venous Thromboembolism and Marathon Athletes
Authors: Claire M. Hull, Julia A. Harris
Journal: Circulation (2013)

e469V enous thromboembolism (VTE) is the collective term for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, both of which constitute globally significant public health burdens.Because awareness of VTE is key to its prevention, 1 efforts to disseminate advisory and educational information among medical professionals and the population at large, with specific resources for at-risk groups, remain crucial.
577. Distribution, Time Course, In-Vivo Imaging, Expression and Inflammatory Response after Non-Viral Gene Delivery to Rat and Primate CNS
Authors: James G. Hecker, Ellen S. Hauck, Michael H. Nantz, F Alice, Hidetaka Akita, Rie Ito, Hiroyuki Kamiya, Hideyoshi Harashima
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Gene delivery may provide both pre-operative neuroprotection before procedures with a predictable high risk, as well as an effective therapy after post-traumatic or ischemic CNS or spinal cord injury. Both DNA and mRNA can be delivered by non-viral, cationic lipid-mediated methods 1, 2. We describe and quantitate extensive distribution, uptake, and cellular expression, including in vivo imaging, in the CNS of the rat of reporter genes such as GFP, luciferase, and Hsp70, in cells which include neurons. PCR and immunohistochemistry results confirm extensive distribution and uptake throughout primate CNS.

Heat shock proteins (HSP) are rapidly induced by severe stress. The inducible Hsp70 is protective in whole animals, isolated organs and cells subjected to heat shock against a subsequent near lethal ischemic or hypoxic event. However, the induction of protective intracellular responses by heat shock is not clinically useful.

Using methods identical to those for rodent experiments, a single injection of 50 |[mu]|g/kg of GFP-expressing DNA vector with cationic lipid (MLRI) was injected into free CSF in the cistern of anesthetized animals. After recovery from the anesthetic, normal behavior was observed for various times from 24 hours to 6 months, then sacrificed and perfused. At necropsy, blood, CSF and 50 tissues are analyzed for vector copies, and expression is characterized by immunohistochemistry of brain sections. Experiments in human CSF (2) confirm extended protection from degradation of mRNA by CNS RNases using these formulation techniques. In-vivo imaging in rat CNS (Xenogen IVIS) shows a peak at 72 hours after DNA delivery, with signal persisting to at least 18 days. mRNA expression in vivo has much more rapid onset, peak, and decay. Neuroprotection strategies designed for pre-operative use will also have significant application following stroke, brain or spinal cord trauma, or neurodegenerative disease. (See Table)
Effects of Ovariectomy on Experimental Atherosclerosis in Rabbits
Authors: GIUSEPPE MININNI, STEPHEN CONTRO, CARLO CHECCHIA
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

The effect of previous ovariectomy on the development of cholesterol-induced atherogenesis in the rabbit was investigated. It was found that an ovariectomized group of animals had a significantly greater degree of hypercholesterolemia, but that the control group with intact ovaries developed slightly more aortic and coronary atheromatosis. The implications of these findings are discussed.
The 'Discovery' of Sudden Infant Death: Lessons in the Practice of Political Medicine
Authors: Helen M. Wallace
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The author of this book is a pediatrician with extensive successful experience in serving as an advocate on behalf of children and child health in the United States. He played an active role in the enactment of federal legislation— the Flammable Fabrics Act Amendments (1967), the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Act (1974), and the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (1976). The book is clearly written in an interesting style. It describes the significance and the extent of the problem of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in the United States. Vignettes of case histories dramatically portray the events and their impact on the parents. The author correctly points out the important role played by the parents and the two parents' organizations— the National Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Foundation and the Guild For Infant Survival—as advocates for needed legislation, authorization, and appropriation. The author credits many of the other professional people who
Ombudsman's ruling on long term care prompts 50% rise in complaints
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The number of complaints made against NHS trusts in England increased by 50% in the year to March 2003, warns a report published this week, and the increase was mainly due to complaints about continuing care.

The health service ombudsman's annual report notes that the number of complaints made against NHS bodies in 2002–3 was 3994, a considerable increase on the 2660 complaints of the previous year. The increase was almost entirely due to a large number of new complaints about continuing care, after a ruling by the health service ombudsman that some patients and their families had been wrongly forced to pay for their care. The ruling …
Symptomatic calculi in a remnant gallbladder: a rare cause of post-cholecystectomy syndrome and biliary pancreatitis
Authors: Stephanie Judd, Lawrence Miller, Fadi Antaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Biliary pain after cholecystectomy, known as post-cholecystectomy syndrome, is common and has a broad differential diagnosis. Here we present a case of biliary pancreatitis and intermittent biliary pain that was caused by a remnant gallbladder that contained calculi.
Cost of employer provided health insurance double in US in a decade
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Employer sponsored health insurance premiums in the US have more than doubled over the past decade, far outstripping wages and inflation. About half of all US citizens gain access to health insurance through their employer.

The latest increase was 9% over last year. Family coverage averaged $15 073 (£9600; €11 000), with employers contributing $10 944 and workers $4129. The data come from the Employer Health Benefits Survey 2011, an annual report by the Kaiser Family Foundation and the Health Research and Educational Trust. The survey was released on 27 September.

Companies continue to shift a greater portion of health costs to their workers by increasing their …
Lost Jewelry and Psychiatric Problems
Authors: Clarence E. McDanal
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> People who have lost expensive jewelry may have underlying, serious emotional conflicts that require psychiatric intervention. I have seen two wealthy women who were referred to me for hypnotherapy for lost jewelry. The first patient was a 44-year-old woman who had lost a very expensive, multicarat diamond engagement ring on the anniversary date of her son's death. This was the ring promised to her son's bride when he was ready for marriage. This son had burned to death in a horrible industrial accident a few years before. She found the ring following treatment for her unresolved grief. The second patient was a 49-year-old woman who lost a bag full of expensive jewelry after she had a fight with her husband. She found the jewelry following treatment for underlying marital problems. In each of these cases, the memory loss for jewelry was the tip of an emotional iceberg.
Infected Disk After Lumbar Puncture
Authors: L. L. Bromley, J. Donaldson, A. W. L. Kessel
Journal: BMJ (1949)

CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS OF EXPERIMENTAL FILARIASISMEDICJOU in the absence of microfilariae in the peripheral circula- tion, but none was found.It is evident that after a single dose MSb can act as a pro- phylactic against the development of filariasis in the cotton- rat by preventing the establishment of adults in the pleural cavity after the exposure of the animal to the infective larval form in the mite, so far as these experiments show, at a minimum dose of 250 mg. per kg. of body weight and with a maximum prophylactic interval of three weeks.Stilbamidine and antrypol are both inactive at doses of 50 mg.and 500 mg.per kg.respectively at shorter intervals.We are indebted to Dr. E.
SODIUM INSTEAD OF POTASSIUM SALTS— WITH ONE EXCEPTION
Authors: William J. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I am strictly in favor of the agitation which has for its purpose the replacement whenever possible of potassium salts by the corresponding sodium salts. Whenever the corresponding potassium and sodium salts are equivalent in their action, the sodium salt is practically always preferable. It is less depressing and less irritating to the gastro-intestinal tract. There is, however, one exception. And that is the iodid. I would consider it a calamity if physicians were induced to use on their tertiary syphilitic patients sodium iodid instead of potassium iodid. It is a truism to say that a salt does not merely present the sum of actions of its component elements or ions. Chlorin in combination with hydrogen does not have the same effect as chlorin in combination with sodium. And iodin in combination with sodium has not the same effect as iodin in combination with potassium. Though the
The role of complement component 3 (C3) in differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Ching-Chuan Hsieh, Hong-Shiue Chou, Horng-Ren Yang, Feng Lin, Sumantha Bhatt, Jie Qin, Lianfu Wang, John J. Fung, Shiguang Qian, Lina Lu
Journal: Blood (2013)
Scintigraphic Evidence of Transient Unilateral Sacroiliitis in a Case of Whippleʼs Disease
Authors: GEORGE HO, BEN C. CLAUNCH, NICHOLAS SADOVNIKOFF
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

Investigation of low back pain by quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy (QSS) can detect the presence of sacroiliitis not apparent by roentgenography. Transient unilateral sacroiliitis was documented by QSS in a patient with Whipple's disease during tetracycline treatment, when the peripheral arthropathy was in remission. Thus, the pattern of inflammatory spinal disease, if associated with the intestinal disease, differs from that of the peripheral arthritis.
Syncope — Getting to the Heart of the Matter
Authors: William H. Maisel, William G. Stevenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Syncope is the sudden and transient loss of consciousness accompanied by a loss of postural tone. The term derives from the Greek word synkoptein, meaning “to cut short,” and purportedly, Hippocrates himself provided the first description of a patient with the disorder.1 Syncope accounts for 3 percent of emergency room visits and 1 to 6 percent of all hospital admissions, and it costs $750 million per year to diagnose and treat.2,3 The causes of syncope range from the benign to the lethal. Rational patient care is facilitated by an understanding of the pathophysiology and epidemiology of syncope, as well . . .
Hazards of Prolonged Use of Beclomethasone Spray-Reply
Authors: Irwin J. Polk
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Initial reports on the use of beclomethasone were completely sunny; with the passage of time, some clouds have begun to appear. Although a direct causal relationship is difficult to prove, in one study, three deaths from asthma were reported in children using this drug.<sup>1</sup>Nor can the findings of Wyatt et al<sup>2</sup>be discounted in a few words. That excellent study showed suppression of serum cortisol levels in patients treated with as little as 500 μg/day of beclomethasone; the usual recommended dose is up to 1,000 μg/day. One of the criticisms of such studies is that they provide laboratory evidence only of disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. The clinically relevant issue is whether inhalant corticosteroids impair the ability of patients to respond to stress. Using insulin-induced hypoglycemia as the source of stress, Vaz et al<sup>3</sup>showed that maximal level of cortisol elicited by the stress
Training and Working Conditions of Norwegian Physicians
Authors: Jørgen H. Berner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

NORWAY'S first university was founded in Oslo in 1814, and a second university was inaugurated in Bergen in 1948. The few doctors practicing in Norway before 1814 were mainly educated in Denmark or Germany, the training they received being in many respects deficient. Subsequently, Norwegian physicians generally reached an even level of professional competence; since the training received has constantly kept abreast of the latest developments in medicine this level has been fairly high.At the beginning of the nineteenth century there were about 100 doctors to a population of approximately 900,000 spread over an area of just over 90,000 . . .
Interaction of trefoil family factors with mucins: clues to their mechanism of action?
Authors: N A WRIGHT
Journal: Gut (2001)

The trefoil peptides or trefoil factor family (TFFs) are a group of secreted proteins found predominantly in mucus-secreting cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa.TFFs have raised considerable interest because of their possible role in healing of the epithelium after damage.However, there is no general agreement concerning their mode of action-whether they act through interaction with secreted mucins or via interaction with a specific receptor-or indeed interaction with the EGF receptor.Using the yeast two-hybrid system, pS2/TFF1 interacting proteins were sought in the stomach and duodenum of the mouse.Clones were isolated which corresponded to the murine counterpart of fragments of MUC2 and MUC5AC mucins.Mutagenesis studies showed that pS2/TFF1 interacts by binding to the von Willebrand Factor (VWBF)C1 and VWBFC2 domains of the mucins, which are also cysteine-rich.These results indicate that the protective eVect of TFFs may operate by organising the mucin layer which protects the mucosa from damage.
The effect of diabetes mellitus on prognosis and serial left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction: Contribution of both coronary disease and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction to the adverse prognosis
Authors: Peter H Stone, James E Muller, Tyler Hartwell, B.J York, John D Rutherford, Corette B Parker, Zoltan G Turi, H.William Strauss, James T Willerson, Thomas Robertson, Eugene Braunwald, Allan S Jaffe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1989)
Consultants at the Periphery
Authors: J. A. M. Ager, J. H. Bergin, J. F. Cam, K. D. Crow, E. E. Denman, P. H. Denton, A. G. Freeman, G. C. Hickie, P. E. Huddy, C. M. Johnston, L. F. Jones, G. F. Jolly, V. Kahan, B. Lodge, R. Martlew, J. K. Monro, W. J. O. Page, R. Porteous, R. B. Roe, F. C. Rodger, G. Roworth, K. I. Shimmings, E. B. O. Smith, J. B. Stewart, J. D. Strong, R. Thexton, E. J. C. Wynne
Journal: BMJ (1966)
Gene Therapy Platform for Bone Regeneration Using an Exogenously Regulated, AAV-2-Based Gene Expression System
Authors: Yossi Gafni, Gadi Pelled, Yoram Zilberman, Gadi Turgeman, Florence Apparailly, Hagit Yotvat, Eithan Galun, Zulma Gazit, Christian Jorgensen, Dan Gazit
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Viral delivery of the therapeutic gene bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a promising approach for bone regeneration. The human parvovirus adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 is considered one of the most encouraging viral vector systems because of its high transduction rates and biosafety ratings. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 is a highly potent osteoinductive protein, which induces bone formation in vivo and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. The exogenous regulation of BMP-2 expression in bone-regenerating sites is required to control BMP-2 protein secretion, thus promoting safe and controlled bone formation and regeneration. We have therefore constructed a dual-construct vector for the recombinant AAV (rAAV)-based recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) gene delivery system, which is regulated by the tetracycline-sensitive promoter (TetON). Each vector was encapsidated separately, yielding two recombinant viruses. We evaluated the efficiency of rAAV-hBMP-2 to induce bone formation in ectopic and orthotopic sites. Doxycycline (Dox), an analogue of tetracycline, was orally administered to mice via their drinking water to induce rhBMP-2 expression. Bone formation was measured using quantitative imaging—microcomputerized tomography and cooled charge-coupled device imaging—to detect osteogenic activity at the cellular level, detecting osteocalcin expression. The rAAV-hBMP-2-treated mice that were given Dox demonstrated bone formation in both in vivo models compared to none in mice prevented from receiving Dox. Thus, the Tet-regulated rAAV-hBMP-2 vector is an effective means of induction and regulation of bone regeneration and repair.
Haptoglobin phenotype 2-2 overrepresentation in Cys282Tyr hemochromatotic patients
Authors: Hans Van Vlierberghe, Michel Langlois, Joris Delanghe, Yves Horsmans, Peter Michielsen, Jean Henrion, René Cartuyvels, Johan Billiet, Martine De Vos, Geert Leroux-Roels
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Advert criticising tobacco product placement is censored
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2002)

An advertisement, attacking the film In the Bedroom , for indirectly promoting Marlboro cigarettes, has been banned by Variety, one of Hollywood's most influential magazines.

The advertisement from the campaigning group, Smoke Free Movies, based in San Francisco, points out that Sissy Spacek, who plays the lead role in the film, not only chain smokes, but broods over a Marlboro pack and specifically asks a grocer …
A Computerized System for Recording Data in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Authors: C. Pinho, J. Soares, J. Baptista, R. Abreu
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Over the past five years, the authors have developed a computerized system to record and store all the data pertaining to an endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract. The system was designed to permit the easy storage and retrieval of data by personnel who lack computer skills and who may only have limited typing ability. The system allows for the storage and rapid retrieval of patients' individual records, as well as correction and/or deletion of these records. The system prints out copies of preliminary endoscopic findings and produces a final copy which contains histological and cytological findings. The program utilizes a standardized nomenclature, which however permits the introduction of each user's code in 16 areas of classification. It is possible to analyze statistically and correlate the stored data, permitting easy use for clinical studies. The uniformity of the methods for storage of and access to patients' records and data, along with the support of a central computer, allows multi-centre studies in the field of epidemiology. As of January 1991 30 endoscopic centres in Portugal have been equipped with this system. Overall the experience in these centres has been positive, with excellent or good participation in 76.7% of centres.
The Continuing Saga of the Sideroblast
Authors: Lewis R. Weintraub
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

The "sideroblast" is defined as a normoblast with Prussian-blue-positive granules within the cytoplasm. These indicate the presence of nonheme iron. The frequency of sideroblasts in marrow obtained from normal persons varies from 20 to 90 per cent, and the granules usually do not exceed four per cell in number. When viewed under the more sensitive electron microscope virtually all normoblasts have iron in the form of ferritin molecules. It is now accepted that these findings represent iron that has been delivered to the normoblast but has not yet been utilized for heme synthesis. Thus, any abnormality in the cell that . . .
On the Causes, Internal and External, of Puerperal Fever
Authors: R. Barnes
Journal: BMJ (1887)

a sufficient quantity of Condy's fluid dropped into it to give it a pale pink colour.6.All soiled linen, diapers, etc., should be immediately removed from the bedroom.N. B.-These rules are for the purpose of protecting the patient from the risk arising from accidental contamination of the hands, sponges, etc.It is, therefore, hoped that they will be faithfully and mintely adhered to.Now there is nothing complex, I think, in this ; nothing that any nurse of the most ordinary intelligence should find it difficult to carry out.The details may, of course, be varied considerably as to the form of antiseptic employed, and the like.It is the principle of antisepsis, more than the details, which it is important to recognise.Personally, I prefer the perchloride of mercury to any other antiseptic, not only because of its acknowledged potency, but because of its being bland and unirritating to the skin, and capable of being carried in a concentrated form in the obstetric bag, so that the antiseptic lotion can readily be made at a moment's notice.I find that nurses will not use a carbolic lotion, or use it most inefficiently, because of its tendency to chap and roughen the hands, while I have never known them to object to the mercurial solution.It will be observed that I do not recommend it for vaginal injections after labour, because of a few cases of mercurial poisoning that have been reported to follow its use in this way.There are, in addition, a few precautions to b3 used during the labour which the practitioner should himself see to.1. Before making any examination, or using the antiseptic lotion, he should thoroughly cleanse his hands with soap and water, being specially careful as to his nails, about and under which septic matter may easily lurk.2. At an early stage of the labour the vagina should once be thoroughly syringed with the antiseptic lotion, and the vulva sponged with it.3. When the head is distending the perineum the external genitals should again be sponged with the lotion.4. Cold cream.lard, etc., should not be used for lubricating the fingers, and carbolised oil or vaseline should be employed.