tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
APACHE Scores-Reply
Authors: José J. Escarce
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Klein suggests that APACHE II scores measured at the time of hospital admission could be used to control for lead-time bias. We disagree. The assessment of illness severity in patients transferred to the MICU from other inpatient sites is subject to lead-time bias because some treatments administered prior to the transfer affect the physiological variables used to assess severity without improving the underlying disease processes. There is no reason to believe that the magnitude of these effects is systematically related to the APACHE II score on hospital admission. In this connection, it is worth noting that lead-time bias can affect patients admitted to the MICU from the emergency department as well as those transferred from other inpatient sites. Indeed, one goal of the APACHE III study is to examine the biases that arise because patients are variably stabilized in the emergency department before admission to the MICU.
Congenital Heart Disease and the Family
Authors: S. B. Dimson
Journal: BMJ (1967)

MEDICBALJOURNAL 427 of four adult patients with the nephrotic syn- drome that there was a great increase in inhibitory effect on fibrinolysis by their plasma compared with age-and sex-matched controls.In each of these patients serum alpha-2 globulin was increased.I would also draw attention to the fact that though corticosteroids produce hyper- coagulability of the blood' they also markedly increase blood fibrinolytic activity,' but which of these actions predominates in any given circumstance is not known.-Iam, etc.,
Declining sensitivity to interleukin 3 of murine multipotential hemopoietic progenitors during their development. Application to a culture system that favors blast cell colony formation.
Authors: K Koike, J N Ihle, M Ogawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

When spleen cells of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice were cultured in the presence of interleukin 3 (IL-3), most colonies revealed IL-3 concentration-dependent colony formation except for mast cell colonies and blast cell colonies. While most colonies were smaller in lower concentrations of IL-3, the size of the blast cell colonies were similar between high and low IL-3 groups. These data suggested that blast cell colony development requires less IL-3 than the development of multilineage colonies from blast cell colonies. This notion was supported by experiments in which IL-3 was added twice to cultures of spleen cells of 5-FU-treated mice. When low concentrations of IL-3 were added on day 7, there was a reduction in the number of multilineage colonies formed without an effect on the number of blast cell colonies. Using this information, we developed a culture system that favors blast cell colony formation by cells of normal mice. When low (20 U/ml) concentrations of IL-3 were added to cultures of spleen cells of normal mice on day 7 of incubation in media containing 2-5% fetal calf serum, blast cell colonies were the predominant colony type. The blast cell colonies revealed high but variable secondary replating efficiencies. These data suggest that multipotential progenitors may become less sensitive to IL-3 as they differentiate in culture.
Improvement of Optic Nerve Head Appearance After Surgery for Pseudotumor Cerebri
Authors: Eric L. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Translocation (2;11)(p21;q23) in a patient with polycythemia vera: A novel clonal chromosome abnormality
Authors: Kadir Acar, Gülsan Türköz Sucak, Münci Yağci, Yusuf Tunca, Rauf Haznedar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

To the Editor: Idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a lifethreatening disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fever, neurologic changes, and renal dysfunction and is related to autoantibodies against von Willebrand factor cleaving metalloprotease [1].Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug used to prevent coronary stent thrombosis; however, TTP as its complication has been described [2].Clopidogrel-associated TTP (CA-TTP) presenting with coronary artery thrombosis is extremely rare.Here, a patient with CA-TTP presenting with coronary artery occlusion is described.A 66-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, parathyroidectomy, hypertension, peptic ulcer, anxiety, and depression presented in June 2004 with a subendocardial myocardial infarction.She underwent a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stent placement of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery.She was placed on 300 mg clopidogrel (loading dose) followed by 75 mg qd.She remained asymptomatic until August 2004 when she developed unstable angina and was transferred to our hospital for PTCA.Her medications were digoxin, metoprolol, venlafaxine, furosemide, simvastatin, insulin, clopidogrel, and aspirin.Complete blood count revealed WBC 8.6 Â 10 9 /L, hemoglobin 12.5 g/dL, platelet 72 Â 10 9 /L, with normal WBC differential counts.Coronary angiogram showed 90% occlusion of the LAD artery just proximal to the previously placed stent.She underwent PTCA and stent placement of the lesion and was placed on 12-h eptifibatide infusion.The next day, platelet count was 40 Â 10 9 /L.Hematology consultation was obtained.Her physical examination was unremarkable.Blood smear showed anisopoikilocytosis, polychromasia, and schistocytes 2/high-power-field.Other blood tests were as follows: hemoglobin 9.9 g/dL, serum haptoglobin 20 mg/dL (low), reticulocyte 2.7%, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 5504 U/L, unconjugated bilirubin 2.0 mg/dL, blood urea nitrogen 54 mg/dL, creatinine 2.9 mg/dL, and normal clotting profile.CA-TTP was diagnosed based on recent clopidogrel use, coronary artery thrombosis, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction.Clopidogrel was discontinued and she received fresh frozen plasma and daily plasmapheresis (PE).Within 96 h, her platelet count was 148 Â 10 9 /L
SUSPENSIO UTERI—THE PROPER METHOD OF PERFORMING IT, AND ITS RESULTS.
Authors: HOWARD A. KELLY
Journal: JAMA (1895)

<h3>(ABSTRACT.)</h3> Dr. Kelly refused to accept the name of ventrofixation or hysteropexy. The uterus is not fixed. He prefers the name of suspensio-uteri as more accurately describing the condition. In the past five years he has performed this operation one hundred and seventy times and thirty-seven times in the past year. The indications for the operation are extreme local discomfort associated with uterine displacements, and neurasthenia, with backache and headache. In the first class of cases, with local symptoms but no general symptoms, the operation is plain. In the last series of cases it is difficult to say just when the operation is indicated. The most brilliant cures, however, have been in this class of cases. He is willing to take the chances and fail in four cases in order to get one good cure. Of the 132 cases reported, 90 were married; and of the 78 per cent. had
Adiponectin protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by anti-apoptotic effects through AMPK up-regulation
Authors: Masanori Konishi, Go Haraguchi, Hirokazu Ohigashi, Takashi Ishihara, Kiyomi Saito, Yasuko Nakano, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2010)

Adiponectin (APN) has been reported to protect against ischaemia–reperfusion injury and hypertrophy. However, few reports have investigated the cardioprotective effects of APN in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy; therefore, we studied the cardioprotective mechanisms of APN in this model. In an in vivo study, we quantified the cardiac pathohistology of C57BL/6 mice [wild-type (WT) mice], APN transgenic mice with high APN concentrations [APN transgenic sense (SE) mice], and those with reduced APN concentrations [APN transgenic antisense (AS) mice] after intraperitoneal injections of DOX (4 mg/kg) weekly for 6 weeks. The survival rate after 14 days was significantly increased in APN-SE mice (WT vs. APN-AS vs. APN-SE: 40 vs. 17 vs. 73%, P < 0.05). We assessed myocardial pathohistological changes and observed that fibrosis and apoptosis were significantly decreased in APN-SE mice compared with those of the other groups. We also assessed DOX-induced apoptotic mechanisms in vitro using cultured cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal WT mice. The expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 increased, but that of pro-apoptotic factor Bax decreased in cardiomyocytes treated with highly concentrated APN. The protective effects of APN were reversed by the addition of an AMPK inhibitor (dorsomorphin) to the culture medium. These data suggest that APN improved cardiac function through anti-apoptotic effects by up-regulation of AMPK in DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in mice.
Correlation of Protease-Activated Receptor-1 With Differentiation Markers in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck and Its Implication in Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Xin Zhang, Jennifer L. Hunt, Doug P. Landsittel, Susan Muller, Karen Adler-Storthz, Robert L. Ferris, Dong M. Shin, Zhuo (Georgia) Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that contributes to multiple signal transduction pathways. Although the functions of PAR-1 in many normal cells, such as platelets and astrocytes, have been well studied, its roles in cancer progression and metastasis have not been fully elucidated, and studies to date appear contradictory. Experimental Design: To clarify the function of PAR-1 in metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), we examined PAR-1 expression in clinical specimens by immunohistochemistry and in SCCHN cell lines by immunoblotting. Furthermore, par-1 cDNA-transfected SCCHN cell lines were also used to verify PAR-1–mediated pathway. Results: The metastatic tumors showed a lower percentage of PAR-1–positive cells (46%) and lower levels of PAR-1 expression (median weight index = 10) than node negative primary tumors (80% and median weight index = 60, respectively). In addition, expression level of PAR-1 positively correlated with levels of keratinocyte differentiation markers keratin-1, -10, and -11. Additional studies using sense and antisense par-1 cDNA–transfected SCCHN cell lines illustrated that the presence of PAR-1 was required for the expression of involucrin, a keratinocyte differentiation marker. PAR-1 expression also contributes to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Blocking MAPK activation by a mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor, not by a phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase inhibitor, reduced level of involucrin, suggesting that regulation of involucrin by PAR-1 is partially through the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our study suggests that PAR-1 signaling induces differentiation markers in SCCHN cells, and its expression is conversely correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis.
HLA antigens in coeliac disease associated with malignancy.
Authors: C M Swinson, P J Hall, P A Bedford, C C Booth
Journal: Gut (1983)

Coeliac patients are at greater risk than the general population of developing malignant neoplasms, particularly lymphomas. The establishment at the Clinical Research Centre of a national collaborative study of coeliac patients with malignancy provided the opportunity to carry out HLA typing for 55 HLA-A, B and C and the 10 recognised DR antigens on a group of coeliac patients with malignancy. Study of a sample of 44 patients with biopsy proven coeliac disease and histologically confirmed malignancy, including 12 with malignant histiocytosis, and 57 coeliac patients without malignancy, failed to show any significant differences in antigen frequencies between patients with and without malignancy. These results indicate that there are no HLA genetic markers associated specifically with the development of malignancy in coeliac disease.
Myocardial Remodeling Is Controlled by Myocyte-Targeted Gene Regulation of Phosphodiesterase Type 5
Authors: Manling Zhang, Eiki Takimoto, Steven Hsu, Dong I. Lee, Takahiro Nagayama, Thomas Danner, Norimichi Koitabashi, Andreas S. Barth, Djahida Bedja, Kathleen L. Gabrielson, Yibin Wang, David A. Kass
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Recombinant humanized mAb-E25, an anti-IgE mAb, in birch pollen–induced seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: Ellinor Ädelroth, Sabina Rak, Tari Haahtela, Gunbjörn Aasand, Leif Rosenhall, Olle Zetterstrom, Aidan Byrne, Kate Champain, Jackie Thirlwell, Giovanni Della Cioppa, Thomas Sandström
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Value of ventricular electrogram recordings in the diagnosis of arrhythmias precipitating electrical device shock therapy
Authors: Bruce G. Hook, Francis E. Marchlinski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)

An antitachycardia pacemaker-cardioverter-defibrillator that is capable of storing ventricular electrograms before and after delivery of device shock therapy was implanted in 16 patients. Three of the patients experienced out-of-hospital device shock therapy preceded by minimal symptoms. Although limitations of electrogram analysis exist and are discussed, careful analysis and registration of electrograms during all supraventricular and ventricular rhythms observed during in-hospital testing served as an important reference for subsequent arrhythmia diagnosis. By analyzing the electrogram rate and RR interval stability and configuration, a definitive diagnosis was established in all three patients (atrial fibrillation, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and rate-sensing lead disruption, respectively). Thus, the ability to store ventricular electrograms before shock therapy represents a major advance in the management of patients who receive an electrical device to treat ventricular tachyarrhythmia.
The Doom of Spectacles
Authors: Wm. Ettles
Journal: BMJ (1904)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To study the levels of iron and ferritin in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). <h3>Background:</h3> ADHD is a complex neurologic disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Iron is a implicated in brain dopaminergic activity. Recent studies have shown an association with low iron, as well as ferritin, levels with ADHD but the results are inconsistent. Furthermore, association with anemia has been unclear. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> Iron, ferritin, hematocrit and hemoglobin data were collected from 71 individuals representing hyperactive (N = 12), inattentive (N = 17), and combined (N = 42) forms of ADHD. Control data were in the form of clinical reference values (mean and standard deviation) from the laboratory. Due to lack of sample sizes for the control data, one-way ANOVA for each of the above variables that included the control group and the three ADHD groups could not be performed. Instead, data were first contrasted among ADHD types for each value using one-way ANOVA. There were no differences for any variable, so the data were pooled among ADHD types and tested for deviation from the reference mean for each variable using one-sample t-tests. <h3>Results:</h3> Mean age (range) of the sample was 9.4 (4–19) years. The following were the mean values of iron, ferritin, hematocrit and hemoglobin in children with ADHD (versus control values): iron 81 (108.5) mcg/dL, ferritin 45.5 (215) ng/ml, hematocrit 38.33 (40)%, hemoglobin 12.73 (13.5) g/dL. In children with ADHD, levels of iron (p&lt;0.001), ferritin (p&lt;0.001), hematocrit (p=0.001), and hemoglobin (p&lt;0.001) were significantly lower than reference ranges. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Serum levels of iron, ferritin were significantly lower in children with ADHD, who also had significantly lower hemoglobin and hematocrit. The ADHD subtype did not significantly influence these abnormalities. <b>Study Supported by:</b> Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School - Department of Neurology <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Agarwal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pecor has nothing to disclose. Dr. Oh has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kornitzer has nothing to disclose.
When the air hits your brain
Authors: Chris Barrett
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Frank Vertosick Jr describes his personal voyage from eager medical student to board certified neurosurgeon. By turns comic and tragic, this memoir has similarities with Samuel Shem’s The House of God and is a must read for neurosurgeons but also of interest to most clinicians. Dr Vertosick provides, from an American perspective, a keen insight into a specialty which is often regarded with suspicion by other doctors. He did not initially intend to become a neurosurgeon, but “strayed too close to a dangerously seductive profession and became stuck for good like a fly in a spider’s web.”

On …
Hepatocyte transplantation and drug-induced perturbations in liver cell compartments
Authors: Yao-Ming Wu, Brigid Joseph, Ekaterine Berishvili, Vinay Kumaran, Sanjeev Gupta
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The potential for organ damage after using drugs or chemicals is a critical issue in medicine. To delineate mechanisms of drug-induced hepatic injury, we used transplanted cells as reporters in dipeptidyl peptidase IV–deficient mice. These mice were given phenytoin and rifampicin for 3 days, after which monocrotaline was given followed 1 day later by intrasplenic transplantation of healthy C57BL/6 mouse hepatocytes. We examined endothelial and hepatic damage by serologic or tissue studies and assessed changes in transplanted cell engraftment and liver repopulation by histochemical staining for dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Monocrotaline caused denudation of the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium and increased serum hyaluronic acid levels, along with superior transplanted cell engraftment. Together, phenytoin, rifampicin, and monocrotaline caused further endothelial damage, reflected by greater improvement in cell engraftment. Phenytoin, rifampicin, and monocrotaline produced injury in hepatocytes that was not apparent after conventional tissue studies. This led to transplanted cell proliferation and extensive liver repopulation over several weeks, which was more efficient in males compared with females, including greater induction by phenytoin and rifampicin of cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform that converts monocrotaline to toxic intermediates. Through this and other possible mechanisms, monocrotaline-induced injury in the endothelial compartment was retargeted to simultaneously involve hepatocytes over the long term. Moreover, after this hepatic injury, native liver cells were more susceptible to additional pro-oxidant injury through thyroid hormone, which accelerated the kinetics of liver repopulation. Conclusion: Transplanted reporter cells will be useful for obtaining insights into homeostatic mechanisms involving liver cell compartments, whereas targeted injury in hepatic endothelial and parenchymal cells with suitable drugs will also help advance liver cell therapy. (Hepatology 2007.)
Cameron Prize Lectures ON THE NATURE OF CONTROL OF THE METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES IN THE ANIMAL BODY: Delivered before the University of Edinburgh on October 16th and 17th, 1923,
Authors: J. J. R. Macleod
Journal: BMJ (1924)

ALLOW me, first of all, briefly to o.utline the general nature of our problem.Carbohydrates in their metabolism in the animal body are gradually br-oken down into smaller mole- cules which are finally oxidized to yield CO2 and H20..They are absorbed, mainly as glucose, and transported by .theblood in this form to the tissues in which their oxida- tion occurs.A large part of the glucose, if indeed not all of it, is, however, condensed into glycogen before the final breakdown process, one purpose of the formation of this substance being that the glucose may be stored, mainly in the liver, until it is required for the production of energy.During starvation glucose is derived from glycogen until the stores of this substance are exhausted, when new glucose is produced out of protein anid, possibly, fat.Life, .apparently, is impossible in the absence of glucose, for it is present in the blood of the higher animals up to the time of death by starvation, and it occuirs in the blood, or corre- sponding circulating fluid, of everv form of animal in mwhich this can be obtained for analysis.Not onil must glucose be constantly supplied by the blood to the tissues, but this ,supply must vary greatly at differenit times according to their activity.There are therefore two distiniet and separate problems ,which require attention: first, the control of the stupply of glucose to the tissues, or its mobilizationi, as it is sometimes called; and, secondly, that of its utilization.An estimate of the rate of utilizatioii of carbolhydrate bv the animal may be obtained by studying the respiratory exchange and by comparin-g the initakle with the output of sugar.The rate of supply of glucose to the tissues could be directly measured in the aniimal as a whole only by comparing the percentages of this sugar in the -arterial and venous blood at known velocities of blood flow, but for practical reasons it is impossible to obtain the data neces- sary for this measurement.The percentage of sugar in the *venous blood-as is used clinically-serves only-as an index