tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
United States proposes new HIV testing initiative
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has announced a new four part initiative to reduce the number of new HIV infections in the United States each year.

The centres' director, Dr Julie Gerberding, said, “We have a very, very sad situation in the United States. Each year we continue to see about 40 000 new HIV infections domestically. We have well over 800 000 people living with …
Lack of NB1 GP (CD177/HNA-2a) gene transcription in NB1 GP- neutrophils from NB1 GP–expressing individuals and association of low expression with NB1 gene polymorphisms
Authors: Jens Wolff, Cornelia Brendel, Ludger Fink, Rainer M. Bohle, Karin Kissel, Juergen Bux
Journal: Blood (2003)
Is Extended Radical Resection Superior to Lobectomy in Treating Resectable Bronchial Cancer?
Authors: David P. Boyd
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Most of us would rather be positive than negative. Thus, it is tempting to recall the occasional case—the one in which part of the esophagus or aorta was taken—with long-term palliation or survival. But this occurs rarely in bronchogenic carcinoma when compared with the results of surgery elsewhere, as in the thyroid, the colon, or the uterus; it occurs so rarely that with increasing experience, there is a tendency to become less and less aggressive. Ultimately, however, the problem of the selection of the proper surgical procedure for lung cancer settles down to a reasonable pattern. This may be summarized as follows: The surgical treatment of many hundreds of cases of undifferentiated bronchial carcinoma by ourselves and others shows quite conclusively that lobectomy is as effective as pneumonectomy, provided that all of the disease is removed.<sup>9</sup>Figures in adenocarcinoma are less firm, and in alveolar cancer even more tentative,
Primary Systemic Amyloidosis Mimicking Chronic Constrictive Pericardial Disease
Authors: WILLIAM T. COUTER, RUDOLPH E. REICHET
Journal: Circulation (1950)

The characteristically altered physiologic pattern in chronic constrictive pericarditis is the resultant of the diminished cardiac expansibility. A widespread infiltrative myocardial disease in which cardiac expansibility was equally limited should simulate the former entity very closely. This extremely rare entity is illustrated in this case report.
No time to train the surgeons: Medical profession must re-establish its independence from government
Authors: Alan M Leaman
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Chikwe et al's description of surgical training in the United Kingdom is a damning indictment of the politicians and medical leaders whose decisions have resulted in the present shambles.1 The content and duration of surgical training should hav been solely the responsibility of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons. …
Current surgical treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer 2001
Authors: J. Deslauriers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2002)

Recognizing that surgical treatment is still the best option for controlling lung cancer, surgeons want an operation to be performed when the benefits clearly outweigh the possible risks, and when it has been determined that cancer resection is the most appropriate course of management. The necessity for a compulsive attitude toward preoperative assessment is therefore to be emphasized. Approximately 45% of all lung cancers are limited to the chest, where surgical resection is the most effective method of controlling the disease. Patients with tumour (T) 1, node (N) 0 and T2N0 tumours have early lung cancer, and most are curable by resection, with 5‐yr survival rates in the range 75–80% for patients with T1N0 status. The “gold standard” of surgery remains lobectomy. Stage T1N1 and T2N1 carcinomas represent a group of patients in whom the disease involves hilar and bronchopulmonary nodes. This group is best treated by complete resection and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Survival data following surgical resection of T3 tumours clearly show better survival in patients with T3N0 disease than in those with T3N1–2 disease. Five-year survival rates for completely resected T3N0 lesions are in the range 30–50%. Once N1 disease is present, survival decreases to 15–20%. Incomplete resections fail to cure and surgery is not indicated if N2 disease is documented preoperatively. On occasion, T4 tumours involving the carina or vertebral body can be completely resected but T4N1–2 lesions are virtually incurable by surgery. The presence of mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N2/N3 disease) is an ominous prognostic sign and stage III‐b disease, by virtue of metastatic contralateral nodes, is an absolute contraindication to surgical resection. Induction treatments with chemoradiation have shown prolongation of survival and three randomized trials have demonstrated a survival advantage over surgery alone.
Reviews and Notes: Conversation Repair: Case Studies in Doctor-Patient Communication
Authors: Christina G. Blanchard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 January 1996Reviews and Notes: Conversation Repair: Case Studies in Doctor-Patient CommunicationChristina G. Blanchard, PhDChristina G. Blanchard, PhDAlbany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-2-199601150-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail FW Platt. 194 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1995. $24.95. ISBN 0316710822. Order phone 800-759-0190.Difficulties and disasters occur often in physician–patient communication. Dr. Fred Platt argues that it is the physician's job to recognize these difficulties, sort them out, and attempt to repair them. Furthermore, he states that “conversation repair is as essential as the diagnosis and therapy of organic disease if one is to be a real doctor.” Instead of blaming difficult patients for communication difficulties, Platt asserts that the physician is responsible for repairing broken conversations.The book is easy to read because it is written as a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Albany Medical College; Albany, NY 12208. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 2Page: 280KeywordsCancer screeningCase seriesCommunication in health careDatabasesDietExerciseForecastingHealth careRunningSystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Concomitant chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia with an uncommon immunophenotype
Authors: R. Mateu, M. Bellido, A. Sureda, Y. González, E. Rubiol, A. Aventin, J. Nomdedéu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

We report a case of simultaneous diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), in which the use of flow cytometry analysis allowed the demonstration of two different cell populations and the study of both immunophenotyping patterns with a large panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). CLL cells showed a typical immunophenotype with coexpression of B cell markers with CD5, CD23, CD43, and weak surface immunoglobulin light chain restriction expression, whereas the AML population had a very uncommon phenotype with expression of myeloid markers and CD56 and lack of expression of other natural killer (NK) antigens, CD34 and HLA-DR. After chemotherapeutic treatment of AML with two induction courses, the patient achieved complete remission of the AML with persistence of a CD19/CD5 positive population. After consolidation chemotherapy, this latter population was no longer detectable despite the presence of lymphoid nodules in a bone marrow biopsy. Six months after diagnosis, the patient relapsed with AML and died shortly afterwards. Am. J. Hematol. 56:281–287, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Myocardial Infarction With Intracardiac Thrombosis as the Presentation of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Thomas J. Cahill, Oni Chowdhury, Saul G. Myerson, Oliver Ormerod, Neil Herring, David Grimwade, Tim Littlewood, Andy Peniket
Journal: Circulation (2011)

A 29-year-old woman presented in February 2010 with acute-onset severe chest pain.This radiated to the left shoulder and was associated with breathlessness.She was afebrile, her saturations were 100% on air, and her clinical examination was entirely normal.An electrocardiogram showed diffuse 2-to 3-mm ST-segment elevation.At presentation, troponin I was elevated at 2.4 ng/mL (normal Ͻ0.1 ng/mL).Full blood count, chest radiograph, arterial blood gas, and bedside echocardiogram were unremarkable.She was diagnosed with myopericarditis and discharged from the accident and emergency department with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories.Two days later, she returned with worsening chest pain and was admitted for investigation.She had a full blood count, and urea and electrolytes were within the normal range.Troponin I was significantly elevated at 15.2 ng/mL, C-reactive protein was Ͼ160 mg/L (normal Ͻ10 mg/L), and D-dimer was Ͼ20 000 g/L (normal 0 to 500 g/L).Her electrocardiogram showed further widespread ST elevation, and repeat bedside echocardiogram demonstrated a mass at the left ventricular apex, with apical hypokinesis (Figure 1 and online-only Data Supplement Movie I).A cardiac magnetic resonance scan revealed apical scarring consistent with a small myocardial infarct, with adherent apical thrombus in both the left and right ventricles (Figures 2 and3 and online-only Data Supplement Movies II and III).Coronary angiography showed no evidence of coronary artery disease.To exclude paradoxical embolism, a bubble echocardiogram was performed, which was normal.In view of her intracardiac thrombus, therapeutic dose lowmolecular-weight heparin was commenced.Over the 3 days after admission, she developed an isolated neutropenia, with her neutrophil count dropping to 0.92ϫ 10 9 /L (2.0 to 7.0ϫ10 9 /L).In addition to her elevated D-dimer at presentation, she developed further evidence of a coagulopathy, with a prolonged prothrombin time (17.0 seconds, NR 12.0 to 15.5 seconds), activated partial thromboplastin time (39.1 seconds, NR 24 to 34 seconds) and low fibrinogen (1.4 g/L, NR 1.5 to 4.0).These results were consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation.
Activated hepatic stellate cells: Negative regulators of hepatocyte proliferation in liver diseases
Authors: Chuhan Chung, Yasuko Iwakiri, Roberto J. Groszmann, Yasuko Iwakiri, Tamar H. Taddei
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Abstract Tissue homeostasis requires an effective, limited wound-healing response to injury. In chronic disease, failure to regenerate parenchymal tissue leads to the replacement of lost cellular mass with a fibrotic matrix. The mechanisms that dictate the balance of cell regeneration and fibrogenesis are not well understood. Here we report that fibrogenic hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the liver are negative regulators of hepatocyte regeneration. This negative regulatory function requires stimulation of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor (5-HT2B) on HSCs by serotonin, which activates expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), a powerful suppressor of hepatocyte proliferation, through signaling by mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (ERK) and the transcription factor JunD. Selective antagonism of 5-HT2B enhanced hepatocyte growth in models of acute and chronic liver injury. We also observed similar effects in mice lacking 5-HT2B or JunD or upon selective depletion of HSCs in wild-type mice. Antagonism of 5-HT2B attenuated fibrogenesis and improved liver function in disease models in which fibrosis was pre-established and progressive. Pharmacological targeting of 5-HT2B is clinically safe in humans and may be therapeutic in chronic liver disease .
Crystallization in Bile
Authors: George H. Nancollas
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

The formation of crystalline components in gallstones is governed by the physical-chemical factors controlling the crystallization of minerals in aqueous systems. The elucidation of the mechanism of these reactions, especially at the low supersaturations of interest in vivo, is facilitated by the use of a constant composition method in which the reactions are studied at supersaturation levels automatically sustained, potentiometrically, during the experiments. Not only is it possible to distinguish between the various theoretical models of crystal growth, but the influence of in vivo modifiers of mineralization can be investigated at the same conditions of low supersaturation. The method is illustrated for the calcium phosphate system in which it is shown that precursor phases may be stabilized kinetically for long periods of time despite the fact that the driving forces for the formation of the thermodynamically most stable phase are appreciable. These factors will have important consequences during the precipitation of mineral phases in the formation of gallstones.
COMPARISON OF DABIGATRAN VERSUS WARFARIN IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND VALVULAR HEART DISEASE: THE RE-LY® TRIAL
Authors: Michael D. Ezekowitz, Helen Parise, Rangadham Nagarakanti, Herbert Noack, Martina Brueckmann, Andreas Clemens, Paul Reilly, Stuart Connolly, Salim Yusuf, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Immunology of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Raymond Harris
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This attractive book by contributors from both sides of the North Atlantic documents the important new diagnostic and therapeutic immunologic developments in cardiovascular research and practice that promote better understanding of transplantation of the heart, connective-tissue disorders, postcardiac injury disorders, infective and post-infective disorders, Chagas cardiomyopathy, vasculitis, platelets, drugs, atherosclerosis, and other autoimmune changes associated with or responsible for diseases of the cardiovascular system. Although the evidence linking immunologic reactions to the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases, such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and cardiomyopathy, commonly seen in cardiological practice remains incomplete, knowledge of the basic immunologic principles presented in this scholarly book will prove diagnostically and therapeutically helpful to the clinician in his practical management of patients with such cardiovascular disease. For example, drugs, particularly antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, adrenergic neuronalblocking drugs (like α-methyldopa), and vaccines may cause hypersensitivity reactions in the heart, leading to myocarditis or cardiomyopathy. Pro
Top-down versus bottom-up is not the same thing as psychological versus biological
Authors: Valerie Gray Hardcastle
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

While there may be interesting theoretical differences between cortical and subcortical malfunctions, it is not a difference that is going to separate the psychological from the biological. For, the distinctions we draw between the “psychological” and “biological” turn on our assessments of others' conscious experiences, and not on anything deeper or more profound.
Postprandial lipidemia is normal in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients with relatively preserved insulin secretion
Authors: Ana M Wägner, Jordi Ordóñez-Llanos, Rosa Arcelus, Rosa Bonet, Oscar Jorba, Jose L Sánchez-Quesada, Esther Alonso, Josep Julve, Antonio Pérez
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Effects Of Long-Term Treatment With Budesonide/Formoterol (BUD/FM) Delivered By Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler (pMDI) On Symptoms In African-American and Caucasian Patients With Moderate To Severe Asthma With and Without Fixed Airway Obstruction (FAO)
Authors: Randall Brown, Bradley E. Chipps, Donald P. Tashkin, Frank Trudo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Novel Genetic Markers Associate With Atrial Fibrillation Risk in Europeans and Japanese
Authors: Steven A Lubitz, Kathryn L Lunetta, Honghuang Lin, Dan E Arking, Stella Trompet, Guo Li, Bouwe P Krijthe, Daniel I Chasman, John Barnard, Marcus E Kleber, Marcus Dörr, Kouichi Ozaki, Albert V Smith, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Stefan Walter, Sunil K Agarwal, Joshua C Bis, Jennifer A Brody, Lin Y Chen, Brendan M Everett, Ian Ford, Oscar H Franco, Tamara B Harris, Albert Hofman, Stefan Kääb, Saagar Mahida, Sekar Kathiresan, Michiaki Kubo, Lenore J Launer, Peter W MacFarlane, Jared W Magnani, Barbara McKnight, David D McManus, Annette Peters, Bruce M Psaty, Lynda M Rose, Jerome I Rotter, Guenther Silbernagel, Jonathan D Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, David J Stott, Kent D Taylor, Andreas Tomaschitz, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Andre G Uitterlinden, David R Van Wagoner, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Joanne M Murabito, Moritz F Sinner, Vilmundur Gudnason, Stephan B Felix, Winfried März, Mina Chung, Christine M Albert, Bruno H Stricker, Toshihiro Tanaka, Susan R Heckbert, J Wouter Jukema, Alvaro Alonso, Emelia J Benjamin, Patrick T Ellinor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Long-term outcome of patients with polymyositis/ dermatomyositis and anti-PM-Scl antibody
Authors: I. Marie, L. Lahaxe, O. Benveniste, K. Delavigne, D. Adoue, L. Mouthon, E. Hachulla, J. Constans, K. Tiev, E. Diot, H. Levesque, O. Boyer, F. Jouen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Background To date, no series has analysed long-term outcome in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) with anti-PM-Scl antibody. Objectives The aims of the present study were: (i) to assess clinical features and long-term outcome, including organ complications, functional course and mortality rate, in patients with isolated PM/DM with anti-PM-Scl antibody; and (ii) to evaluate prevalence, characteristics and long-term outcome of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with isolated PM/DM with anti-PM-Scl antibody. Methods The medical records of 20 consecutive patients with isolated PM/DM with anti-PM-Scl antibody were reviewed. Results Two patients (10%) achieved remission of PM/DM, whereas 14 (70%) improved and four (20%) had a worsened clinical status. Short-term recurrences (during tapering of therapy) occurred in nine patients and long-term recurrences (after discontinuation of therapy) in three patients. Moreover, patients with PM/DM with anti-PM-Scl antibody exhibited severe complications, as follows: oesophageal involvement (n = 4) requiring enteral feeding in three cases, ventilatory insufficiency (n = 3) requiring mechanical ventilation in two cases; three other patients had cancer. Interestingly, patients with PM/DM with anti-PM-Scl antibody often presented symptoms that are usually found in antisynthetase syndrome, i.e. hyperkeratotic rhagadiform hand symptoms (n = 2; 10%), Raynaud's phenomenon (n = 8; 40%), arthralgia/arthritis (n = 7; 35%) and ILD (n = 12; 60%). In our cohort, the associated ILD often required combined therapy of steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Conclusions Our series suggests that the presence of anti-PM-Scl antibody is not a good prognostic factor in patients with PM/DM, as there appears to be an association with lung and oesophageal involvement; in addition, anti-PM-Scl antibody may coexist with malignancy in patients with PM/DM. Furthermore, anti-PM-Scl antibody-positive patients with PM/DM often exhibit 'mechanic's hands', Raynaud's phenomenon and joint involvement. Our latter findings raise the possibility that the immunogenetic background influences the autoantibody status of these patients; HLA-DR3 has, in fact, been found in association with antisynthetase syndrome antibodies and with anti-PM-Scl antibodies.
Nylon for Buried Sutures
Authors: N. R. Houston
Journal: BMJ (1947)

JBUTISH from disintegration and families enabled once again to take their place as self-directing and self-respecting members of the community.Co-ordination of existing work and the co- operation of all agencies concerned with the problem are essential.The aim of F.S.U. is to provide a service at the disposal of other departments and bodies to be used by them on particular cases needing specialized treatment.The committee plan first to take responsibility for the exist- ing work in Liverpool and Manchester, and then to establish a new unit in London as soon as personnel becomes available.The keynote of successful work in this field must be friend- ship, and the work will call for personal self-sacrifice of a high order.The work of the committee will continue for some time to be experimental.The problem family tails to utilize or benefit from such faci ities for its betterWnt as exist at present.Rehousing, family -allowances, and a national medical service are not enough.This is a task in which voluntary effort and personal service in the home must play a preponderant part, and it is a task in which personal service alone can be successful.Among the objects we have in view is a comprehensive investi- gation into the nature, extent, and causes of this form of social subnormality.A two years' period will, we think, be sufficient to establish the facts, and we ask for a sum of £15,000, which is sufficient to support the existing centres during that time and to establish one new centre in London.
Abstract 2354: Characterization of three novel splice variants of the RECK tumor and metastasis suppressor gene
Authors: Marina Trombetta-Lima, Sheila M.B. Winnischofer, Ana C.O. Carreira, Marcos A.A. Demasi, Christian Colin, Sueli M. Oba-Shinjo, Suely K.N. Marie, Mari C. Sogayar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract REversion-inducing Cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) encodes a membrane-anchored protein which suppresses both invasion and metastasis by negatively regulating at least three MMP′s, namely: MMP-9, MMP-2 and MT1-MMP. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family members belong to the group of Zn2+ dependent proteolytic enzymes, which are key elements responsible for extracellular matrix (MEC) collapse, being, therefore, directly involved in tumor invasiveness and metastasis. MEC degradation by MMPs not only facilitates tumor invasion, but, also, affects the behavior of tumor and adjacent cells, leading to cancer progression. In general, the relative levels of MMPs increase with tumor progression. Other RECK targets have been identified, such as the extracellular metalloproteinases ADAM10 and CD13/ aminopeptidase N. A positive correlation has been observed between the abundance of RECK expression in tumor samples and better prognosis for patients with gastric, lung, pancreatic and colorectal cancers. Recent studies showed mutations in splicing cis regulatory elements and alterations in the cellular splicing regulatory machinery leading to changes in the splicing pattern of several cancer-related genes, such as CD44, BRCA1, APC, p53 and FHT. In the present study, three novel alternative isoforms of the RECK tumor suppressor gene, namely RECK B (1,548b), RECK D (1,737b) and RECK I (1,101b) were isolated by RT-PCR and their expression profiles were investigated using quantitative real time RT-PCR assays in a normal tissue RNA panel and during human glioma progression. Our results show that RECK isoforms display independent expression patterns when compared to the canonical form, indicating a more complex role for both the canonical and the alternative RECK isoforms in glioma progression. Support: FAPESP, CNPq, FINEP, BNDES, MCT, MS Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2354. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2354