tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among Korean Adults According to the Criteria of the International Diabetes Federation
Authors: Hye Soon Park, Sang Yeoup Lee, Seon Mee Kim, Jee Hye Han, Dae Jung Kim
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (1,2). In 2005, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) formulated a new, clinically accessible worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome in a global consensus statement (3) built on earlier definitions (4,5).

According to the IDF, central obesity is an essential component of the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, central obesity must be determined by ethnicity- and sex-specific cutoff values for waist circumference. The IDF also sets the cutoff value for raised fasting plasma glucose concentration at 100 mg/dl, which is 10 mg/dl lower than that of the NCEP ATP III (National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, Adult Treatment Panel III) (5). In agreement with the IDF proposal, the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity defined the cutoff values of waist circumference for central obesity among Korean adults as 90 cm for men and 85 cm for women (6).

There is insufficient data about the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome according to the new worldwide definition proposed by the IDF. We therefore assessed the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome according to IDF …
Modified HIV-1 Based Lentiviral Vectors Have an Effect on Viral Transduction Efficiency and Gene Expression in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Frank Park, Mark A. Kay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Gene transfer using lentiviral vectors has been recently shown to be enhanced with cis-acting elements in a cell-type-dependent manner in vivo. For this reason, the study reported here was designed to modify lentiviral vectors that express lacZ, human factor IX (FIX), or human α1-anti-trypsin (AAT) to study the effect of different cis DNA elements on transduction efficiencies. We found that incorporation of the central polypurine tract sequence (cppt) increased transduction efficiency in vitro while increasing the transduction of non-cell-cycling hepatocytes in vivo. C57Bl/6 scid mice that were administered lentiviral vectors devoid of the cppt (2×108 transducing units (T.U.)/mouse) had 81% of their lacZ-transduced hepatocytes colabeled with the cell cycle marker 5′-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU). In contrast, inclusion of the cppt reduced the colabeling in mouse hepatocytes by 50%. Further modifications in the lentiviral vectors were performed to enhance viral titer and gene expression. We found that the inclusion of a matrix attachment region (MAR) from immunoglobulin-κ (Igκ) significantly increased the transduction efficiency, as measured by transgene protein expression and proviral DNA copy number, compared with vectors without Igκ MAR. In vitro studies using human hepatoma cells demonstrated a significant increase (two- to fourfold) in human AAT and human FIX production when the Igκ MAR was incorporated. In vivo transduction of partially hepatectomized C57Bl/6 mice given an optimized lentiviral vector containing the cppt and Igκ MAR (2×108 T.U./mouse) resulted in sustained therapeutic levels of serum FIX (∼65 ng/ml). Our study demonstrates the importance of cis-acting elements to enhancing the transduction ability of lentiviral vectors and the expression of vector transgenes.
Multimodality SPECT Imaging of Multifocal Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Filip Gemmel, Norbert Hamerlynck, Geert Vanderschueren, Mimi Giri, Ingeborg Goethals, Filip Jacobs
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

A 76-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus type 1 was admitted to our hospital with backache and high-grade fever for more than 6 weeks. Blood examination showed increased inflammatory parameters. Both SPECT Tc-99m MDP and Tc-99m ciprofloxacin scintigraphy demonstrated increased activity at the levels of D10-11 and L5-S1 vertebral discs, and a magnetic resonance image confirmed the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis at the corresponding levels without signs of medullary compression. Blood cultures were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy resulted in both a rapid clinical improvement and resolution of inflammatory parameters in the blood.
No increase in bleeding identified in type 1 VWD subjects with D1472H sequence variation
Authors: Veronica H. Flood, Kenneth D. Friedman, Joan Cox Gill, Sandra L. Haberichter, Pamela A. Christopherson, Brian R. Branchford, Raymond G. Hoffmann, Thomas C. Abshire, Amy L. Dunn, Jorge A. Di Paola, W. Keith Hoots, Deborah L. Brown, Cindy Leissinger, Jeanne M. Lusher, Margaret V. Ragni, Amy D. Shapiro, Robert R. Montgomery
Journal: Blood (2013)
Murray &amp; Nadel’s Textbook of Respiratory Medicine
Authors: Dennis Rosen
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IMPACT OF PERI-PROCEDURAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ON SHORT-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: William Chan, Andrew E. Ajani, David J. Clark, Nick Andrianopoulos, Angela L. Brennan, Christopher M. Reid, Gishel New, Peter M. Kistler, Anthony M. Dart, Stephen J. Duffy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Child development and personality.
Authors: Donald E. Widmann
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This book is intended as an introductory text for students of child psychology and personality development. The principal theoretical orientation is unchanged from that of the first edition and the authors remain convinced that "contemporary learning theory offers the best method for the analysis of behavior." This new edition also contains material derived from recent animal experiments, the observations of Piaget, and some of the clinical insights of psychoanalysis. It is unfortunate that the original two authors did not choose a psychiatrist as the new third author. The book contains numerous examples drawn from medical and psychiatric practice, many of which either contain inaccuracies or suggest conclusions which a physician, by virtue of his training and clinical experience, would reject. A third author, with a different theoretical orientation, might perhaps have presented the other points of view in a better light than do the present authors. A feature of this
Phenotypic and genotypic detection of ESBL mediated cephalosporin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Emergence of high resistance against cefepime, the fourth generation cephalosporin
Authors: S.S. Grover, Meenakshi Sharma, D. Chattopadhya, Hema Kapoor, S.T. Pasha, Gajendra Singh
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Women doctors and their careers: what now?
Authors: Selena Gray, Ilora Finlay, Carol Black
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—Allen highlights the changing nature of the medical workforce.1 This has significant implications for workforce planning and service delivery. For example, the wishes of a number of flexible trainees to continue part time working in the early consultant years means that more trainees (and therefore national training numbers) will beneeded to fill consultant posts to deliver the whole time equivalents required. This applies particularly in specialties with a substantial proportion of flexible trainees, such as paediatrics, psychiatry, palliative medicine, general practice, and anaesthetics.

Many specialties are well suited to sessional or part time work, be it in the operating theatre, outpatient clinic, or …
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide Better Results Than Hematopoietic Precursors for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ana Armiñán, Carolina Gandía, J. Manuel García-Verdugo, Elisa Lledó, César Trigueros, Amparo Ruiz-Saurí, María Dolores Miñana, Pilar Solves, Rafael Payá, J. Anastasio Montero, Pilar Sepúlveda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Low-dose high-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of facial lesions of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Jennifer A. DeSimone, Emmanuella Guenova, Joi B. Carter, Keri S. Chaney, Julie R. Aldridge, Claire M. Noell, Andrew A. Dorosario, Jorgen L. Hansen, Thomas S. Kupper, Phillip M. Devlin
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
A scanning and transmission electron microscopic study of an infected endocardial pacemaker lead.
Authors: T J Marrie, J Nelligan, J W Costerton
Journal: Circulation (1982)

We studied the pacemaker lead that had been removed from a patient who suffered three sequential episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. This organism was recovered from the surface of the lead. Scanning electron microscopy showed differential colonization of the pacemaker lead. The metal tip, the inner surface and the internal wires were covered with a heavy biofilm of bacteria. The outer silastic surface had no biofilm adherent to it; instead, well-spaced bacterial cells were seen. These observations illustrate why infection of implantable devices persists despite intensive antibiotic chemotherapy.
Ethical problems of evaluating a new treatment for melioidosis
Authors: Allen C Cheng, Michael Lowe, Dianne P Stephens, Bart J Currie
Journal: BMJ (2003)

When mortality from melioidosis fell sharply after multiple changes in management at an Australianhospital, doctors wanted to identify whether a new drug was responsible. But designing a trial that was ethically acceptable proved impossible 

Effective treatment of patients requires that is based on the best available evidence, ideally a randomised controlled trial. However, when observational evidence suggests that a treatment has a large benefit, the potential risks to participants make a randomised trial hard to justify. We had to abandon a trial to evaluate the use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with melioidosis in septic shock because we were unable to balance the risks to patients against the scientific uncertainty. This article describes the problems experienced and considers other methods of obtaining good evidence.

Melioidosis, the infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei , is endemic in South East Asia1 and is the commonest cause of death from bacteraemic pneumonia in the Northern Territory of Australia.2Patients with severe infection present with septic shock, a condition associated with a high mortality. The Royal Darwin Hospital has treated 341 patients with culture confirmed melioidosis over 13 years, with an overall 18% mortality. Forty two of these patients presented with severe sepsis.

In 1998, the hospital decided to start treating patients with melioidosis and septic shock withgranulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). The decision was based on the evidence available atthat time (box). G-CSF was introduced at the same time as the hospital appointed a specialist in intensive care medicine. Previously, anaesthetists had supervised the unit, and the appointment resulted in appreciable changes to management protocols, including the more aggressive use of haemodynamic monitoring, empiric antibiotic protocols, the adoption of a closed intensive care model, andearly enteric feeding.

Mortality from severe melioidosis fell from 95% (20 of 21 patients) to 10% (2 …
Multiple Thrombosis With Aortic Occlusion After Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Demonstrated by Multislice Computed Tomography
Authors: Patrick A. Hein, Alexander Lembcke, Patrik Rogalla
Journal: Circulation (2006)

A 41-year-old woman with restrictive cardiomyopathy due to amyloidosis underwent insertion of an automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmia.Unfractionated heparin was given as an anticoagulation agent.Sixteen days after the procedure, the patient had abdominal and leg pain, development of paresis of the lower extremities, and both urinal and fecal incontinence.A subsequently performed contrast-enhanced multislice CT demonstrated thrombi in both the left and right atrial appendage and at different levels of the thoracic and abdominal aorta extending into both common iliac arteries (Figure 1 and Figure 2).Imaging data showed complete occlusion of the aortic bifur-cation.CT moreover displayed a large collateral vessel emerging from the superior mesenteric artery and good opacification of the peripheral arteries, suggesting a subacute event that did not necessitate urgent surgery (Figure 3).Subsequently performed platelet count evaluation revealed thrombocytopenia, and results from heparin-induced platelet activation assay and PF4/polyanion enzyme immunoassay were strongly positive for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies.Imaging and clinical findings supported the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and administration of a recombinant hirudin agent (Lepirudin) was immediately initiated.Specific therapy led to a partial resolution of the clots, which was demonstrated by follow-up imaging (Figure 4).
The Discoverer of Anesthesia.
Authors: Isham H. Goss
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Athens, Clarke Co., Ga., Nov. 26, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Ephraim Cutter, in his note to theJournalof November 17, says the rotunda of the Capitol contains a statue of Dr. "J. D. Crawford," the discoverer of ether in 1842. This note is replied to by Dr. W. H. Sharp, of Parkersburg, W. Va. Dr. Sharp's note is on the right track. Dr. Crawford W. Long used ether as an anesthetic in 1842 in Jefferson, Jackson Co., Ga., eighteen miles from Athens, to which fact a number of old citizens of Jackson County will [ill]estify. It was first used for surgical purposes on a man named Venable, and a member of this same Venable family lived near Jefferson, Ga., for several years previous to 1842. Both in Jackson and Clarke Counties the young people at parties would call for volunteers to whom ether should be given for the
Aortic Valve Replacement in Hemophilia
Authors: Stanley K. Brockman
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A patient with classical, severe hemophilia had his aortic valve replaced with use of extracorporeal circulation. To our knowledge, this is the first such patient who has undergone an open-heart operation. He was given enough antihemophilic factor (AHF) before, during, and after operation to effect normal hemostasis. The techniques for operation and extracorporeal circulation were not altered from the usual routine. The patient recovered from operation with disappearance of the left atrioventricular failure, incipient syncope, and angina that were present preoperatively. Four months after operation, the patient died following a massive, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage that was not related to the surgical procedure. We believe that open-heart operations can be performed safely in hemophiliac patients.
Cancer Factories: America's Tragic Quest for Uranium Self-Sufficiency
Authors: Victor E. Archer
Journal: JAMA (1993)

This government-bashing book deplores the lack of safety in the mining of uranium ore and selected other events. The author uses a broad brush to condemn the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and the US Public Health Service (USPHS) for abuse of discretionary authority in pursuing a risky national security policy involving a "pact with the devil." This "pact" was allegedly a conspiracy of silence from 1945 to 1978, which resulted in the deaths of hundreds of uranium miners from lung cancer. The author cites alleged injuries in several other cases, such as mock germ warfare tests over cities, the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, and a number of radiation experiments, which he attributes to similar abuses. The book includes no interviews with persons directly involved in the pact. Knowledge of their motives and attitudes would be important. The four main points on which the book's thesis rests are (1) most radiation scientists
Better Visualization of Retinoblastoma Metastases With Tc-99m Sestamibi Versus TI-201
Authors: CUMALI AKTOLUN, HIKMET BAYHAN, EMEL OZTURK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Tc-99m sestamibi has been shown to accumulate in several primary malignant tumors, but data regarding its use in the detection of distant metastases are limited. Despite its physical limitations, TI-201 now has a definite place in the routine evaluation of certain primary and metastatic tumors. This report describes the value of Tc-99m sestamibi and its superiority to TI-201 in the visualization of distant metastases in a 2-year-old girl with bilateral retinoblastoma. Three sites of soft tissue and bone metastasis were demonstrated by Tc-99m sestamibi imaging. Of these metastases, the one in the parieto-occipital region showed evident TI-201 uptake, while the other two in the right arm and chest wall showed only slightly increased uptake, which could hardly be spotted without the confirmation of a later Tc-99m sestamibi scan. The scintigraphic findings were confirmed with histopathologic examination. Tc-99m sestamibi scan is effective and superior to TI-201 in the detection of distant soft tissue and bone metastases from retinoblastoma.
Atrial Flutter Associated with Isolated Pulmonic Stenosis
Authors: SHLOMO STERN, JOSEPH B. BORMAN
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Two adults with severe pulmonic valvular stenosis and atrial flutter are presented. This arrhythmia is apparently a rare complication of this particular form of congenital heart disease. In both cases surgical correction was achieved with the aid of total body perfusion. At the time of surgery, significant tricuspid insufficiency was discovered in both cases. Although the tricuspid valve was not repaired, insufficiency of this valve was not evident postoperatively. Cardioversion, applied at a different stage in each, terminated the atrial flutter in both patients. Sinus rhythm has been maintained for almost 2 years without drug therapy. The optimal time for cardioversion in such cases is discussed.
Changing the Malpractice Liability System
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Almost everyone agrees that the present malpractice liability system is not working, but there is no consensus on what should be done about it. Meanwhile, costs to physicians and the public continue to rise. According to a recent study, premiums plus the increased use of diagnostic services in response to the threat of litigation amount to about 15 percent of the total cost of physicians' services.1 The public also suffers from the withdrawal of some specialty services in response to excessive risks and prohibitively high premiums and from the erosion of trust and goodwill in the relations between doctor and . . .
Neuropathy of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: W. Earl Redfern
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This experiences of the internist, the neurosurgeon, and the neuropathologist. It demonstrates some of the clinical symptoms and signs which diabetes mellitus may assume. To a certain degree, diabetic neuropathy is a diagnosis of exclusion. When a neuropathy exists in a patient with diabetes, a cause-and-effect relationship to the diabetes should be considered first. However, the patient should have as careful an evaluation of the central and peripheral nervous system as the nondiabetic patient. The converse is also true—a neurological problem, particularly of the peripheral variety, might be the first indication of diabetes, and appropriate investigations should be done. There have been few postmortem examinations in early stages of diabetic neuropathy; therefore most of the reports are concerned with severe forms of the disease. Fraser and Bruce (1895)<sup>1</sup>found segmental degeneration of the myelin, but preservation of the continuity of the axons. Woltman and Wilder (1929)<sup>2</sup>described diffuse
Health Care in America — Still Too Separate, Not Yet Equal
Authors: Arnold M. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

In the 50 years since the civil-rights movement began we have seen growth in the racial and ethnic diversity of the American people, as well as encouraging evidence that members of racial and ethnic minorities, including black Americans, have increasingly moved into positions of economic opportunity and prestige. For example, blacks, who make up approximately 12 percent of the population, accounted for only 4.3 percent of college graduates in 19591 — a proportion that nearly doubled, to 7.9 percent, by 2002.2 We have also seen growth in the proportion of blacks who work as professionals, including as physicians. In 1983, . . .
Fc receptor function and circulating immune complexes in gluten sensitive enteropathy--possible significance of serum IgA.
Authors: B Lavo, B Nilsson, L Loof, U R Nilsson, K N Ekdahl
Journal: Gut (1991)

The capacity to clear IgG containing immune complexes from the circulation was studied in patients with coeliac disease (n = 13), dermatitis herpetiformis (n = 8), and coeliac disease with concomitant serum IgA deficiency (n = 4). A small group of patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 4) was included as a bowel disease control group. Clearance was estimated by measuring the disappearance rate of a bolus dose of intravenously injected IgG coated autologous erythrocytes. The mean T1/2 of clearance was prolonged in both coeliac disease (86 (24) minutes) and dermatitis herpetiformis (111 (35) minutes), compared with healthy subjects (20 (5) minutes) and coeliac patients with concomitant serum IgA deficiency (T1/2 = 17 (6) minutes). Patients with ulcerative colitis had a prolonged clearance, with a T1/2 of 195 (63) minutes. Values of circulating immune complexes were measured by four assays; C1q binding and C3, IgG, and IgA containing immune complexes. C1q binding immune complexes were detected only in IgA deficient gluten sensitive enteropathy. Patients with coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis had higher values of C3, IgG, and IgA containing immune complexes than control subjects and serum IgA deficient patients with coeliac disease. The clearance rate was inversely correlated to the amount of immune complexes for the subgroups of gluten sensitive enteropathy.