tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factor V Leiden and Risks of Recurrent Idiopathic Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Paul M. Ridker, Joseph P. Miletich, Meir J. Stampfer, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Klaus Lindpaintner, Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Whether Leiden mutation in the gene coding for coagulation factor V is associated with recurrent idiopathic venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unknown, but such data are necessary to evaluate the merits of genetic screening in secondary prevention of thromboembolic disease. Methods and Results Among 14 916 apparently healthy men who provided DNA samples and were followed in the Physicians’ Health Study through August 1994, 77 suffered an idiopathic VTE. These 77 men were followed for an additional average period of 68.3 months, during which time 11 (14.3%) suffered a recurrent idiopathic VTE. Factor V Leiden status was assessed in these men, and incidence rates of recurrence were calculated by genotype. All recurrent events occurred after cessation of anticoagulation. Seven recurrences occurred among 63 genetically unaffected subjects (11.1%; incidence rate, 1.82 per 100 person-years), while four occurred among those 14 heterozygous for factor V Leiden (28.6%; incidence rate, 7.46 per 100 person-years). Thus, factor V Leiden was associated with a fourfold to fivefold increase in risk of recurrent VTE (crude relative risk, 4.1; P =.04; age- and smoking-adjusted relative risk, 4.7; P =.047). There was no difference in mean time between index and recurrent events by genotype. Among heterozygous men, 76% of recurrent events were attributable to mutation. Conclusions In prospective evaluation of 77 men with a history of idiopathic VTE, factor V Leiden was associated with a fourfold to fivefold increased risk of recurrent thrombosis. These data raise the possibility that patients with VTE affected by factor V Leiden may require more prolonged anticoagulation to prevent recurrent disease compared with those without mutation.
TISSUE CHARACTERISTICS OF IN–STENT TISSUE DETECTED BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY MAY AFFECT RE–RESTENOSIS AFTER CUTTING BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY FOR IN–STENT RESTENOSIS
Authors: Masayuki Taniike, Masami Nishino, Naoki Mori, Yasuharu Lee, Takahiro Yoshimura, Daisuke Nakamura, Nobuhiko Makino, Hiroyasu Kato, yasuyuki egami, Ryu Shutta, Hisaki Morita, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Defects in Ankyrin-Based Membrane Protein Targeting Pathways Underlie Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Shane R. Cunha, Thomas J. Hund, Seyed Hashemi, Niels Voigt, Na Li, Patrick Wright, Olha Koval, Jingdong Li, Hjalti Gudmundsson, Richard J. Gumina, Matthias Karck, Jean-Jacques Schott, Vincent Probst, Herve Le Marec, Mark E. Anderson, Dobromir Dobrev, Xander H.T. Wehrens, Peter J. Mohler
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting >2 million patients in the United States alone. Despite decades of research, surprisingly little is known regarding the molecular pathways underlying the pathogenesis of AF. ANK2 encodes ankyrin-B, a multifunctional adapter molecule implicated in membrane targeting of ion channels, transporters, and signaling molecules in excitable cells.In the present study, we report early-onset AF in patients harboring loss-of-function mutations in ANK2. In mice, we show that ankyrin-B deficiency results in atrial electrophysiological dysfunction and increased susceptibility to AF. Moreover, ankyrin-B(+/-) atrial myocytes display shortened action potentials, consistent with human AF. Ankyrin-B is expressed in atrial myocytes, and we demonstrate its requirement for the membrane targeting and function of a subgroup of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (Ca(v)1.3) responsible for low voltage-activated L-type Ca(2+) current. Ankyrin-B is associated directly with Ca(v)1.3, and this interaction is regulated by a short, highly conserved motif specific to Ca(v)1.3. Moreover, loss of ankyrin-B in atrial myocytes results in decreased Ca(v)1.3 expression, membrane localization, and function sufficient to produce shortened atrial action potentials and arrhythmias. Finally, we demonstrate reduced ankyrin-B expression in atrial samples of patients with documented AF, further supporting an association between ankyrin-B and AF.These findings support that reduced ankyrin-B expression or mutations in ANK2 are associated with AF. Additionally, our data demonstrate a novel pathway for ankyrin-B-dependent regulation of Ca(v)1.3 channel membrane targeting and regulation in atrial myocytes.
Feasibility of Intraperitoneal Insulin Therapy With Programmable Implantable Pumps in IDDM: A multicenter study
Authors: Hélène Hanaire-Broutin, Christiane Broussolle, Nathalie Jeandidier, Eric Renard, Bruno Guerci, Marie-Joelle Haardt, Veronique Lassmann-Vague
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To report the overall French experience, obtained through the collaboration of seven centers (EVADIAC [Evaluation dans le Diabète du Traitement par Implants Actifs] register), on the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intraperitoneal insulin therapy by programmable implantable pumps, using three different devices. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This is a multicenter prospective study involving 224 type I diabetic patients implanted with a programmable implantable pump (cumulative follow-up: 353 patient-years; mean duration: 1.5 ± 0.9 years [mean ± SD]). The Infusaid and the Promedos devices are equipped with a side port and refilled with U100 insulin (Hoechst 21 PH); the Minimed pump is not equipped with a side port and is refilled with U400 insulin (Hoechst 21 PH). Metabolic data and adverse events were recorded in a central register run by EVADIAC. RESULTS A total of 29 local pump-pocket events (8/100 patient-years) and 9 pump failures (2.5/100 patient-years) occurred. The major technical problems were 1) pump flow rate reduction related to insulin aggregates, reversible after alkaline rinsing of the pump, and 2) 47 catheter obstructions requiring laparoscopie or conventional surgery. Pump therapy was abandoned in only 11 patients. HbAlc (7.4 ±1.8 vs. 6.8 ± 1.0%, P &amp;lt; 0.001), mean glycemia (8.7 ± 1.5 vs. 7.8 ± 1.0 mmol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and blood glucose SDs (3.8 ± 0.8 vs. 3.3 ± 0.8 mol/l, P &amp;lt; 0.001) decreased significantly after 6 months and remained lower than baseline thereafter. CONCLUSIONS Intraperitoneal insulin infusion using an implantable programmable pump is a feasible and relatively safe technique that may improve metabolic control and glycemie stability. Long-term studies, however, are needed to demonstrate whether or not the improvement in glycemie control could be sustained for several years.
Danger in Nitroprusside Therapy
Authors: Irving M. Cohen, Michael M. Mottet, Gary S. Francis, Joseph S. Alpert
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Letters1 August 1976Danger in Nitroprusside TherapyIRVING M. COHEN, MICHAEL M. MOTTET, GARY S. FRANCIS, JOSEPH S. ALPERTIRVING M. COHENSearch for more papers by this author, MICHAEL M. MOTTETSearch for more papers by this author, GARY S. FRANCISSearch for more papers by this author, JOSEPH S. ALPERTSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-2-205_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn unexpected and dangerous complication of antihypertensive therapy with nitroprusside and clonidine became evident. The following brief case reports provide examples of this complication.Patient 1. A 42-year-old man was admitted to the Coronary Care Unit with severe substernal pain and a blood pressure of 210/140 mm Hg. Intravenous nitroprusside was administered and intra-arterial pressure was continuously recorded for approximately 18 h until the former could be withdrawn. At that same time 0.1 mg of clonidine HCl was given by mouth. Approximately 1 h later the blood pressure suddenly dropped to 60/40 mm Hg. The patient responded promptly to leg...References1. JONES G and COLE P: Sodium nitroprusside as a hypotensive agent. Brit J Anesthesia 40:804-805, 1968 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. PAGE I, CORCORAN A, and DUSTAN H: Cardiovascular actions of sodium nitroprusside in animals and hypertensive patients. Circulation 11:188-198, 1955 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DAVIDOR M, KAKAVIATOS N, and FINNERTY F: The antihypertensive effects of an imidazoline compound. Clin Pharmacol Ther 8:810-816, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: IRVING M. COHEN; MICHAEL M. MOTTET; GARY S. FRANCIS; JOSEPH S. ALPERT PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySodium nitroprussidePathophysiology, clinical aspects, and treatment of hypertensive crisesFatal hypotension in normal-dose nitroprusside therapyHypotensive drugsHazards in Antihypertension TherapyRUSSELL L. BERDOFF, M.D., RICHARD L. CHALAL, M.D., MICHAEL MADDEN 1 August 1976Volume 85, Issue 2Page: 205-206KeywordsAntihypertensive drug therapyBlood pressureCardiac care unitHydrochloric acidMouth ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Influence of Airway Management on Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Deborah Cook, Bernard De Jonghe, Laurent Brochard, Christian Brun-Buisson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Objective.—Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication of critical illness, conferring increased morbidity and mortality. Many interventions have been studied to reduce the risk of VAP. We systematically reviewed the influence of airway management on VAP in critically ill patients.Data Sources.—Studies were identified through searching MEDLINE and EMBASE from 1980 through July 1997 and by searching SCISEARCH, the Cochrane Library, bibliographies of primary and review articles, personal files, and contact with authors of the randomized trials.Study Selection.—We selected randomized trials evaluating ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies on the rate of VAP.Data Extraction.—Two investigators independently abstracted key data on design features, the population, intervention, and outcome of the studies.Data Synthesis.—The frequency of ventilator circuit changes and the type of endotracheal suction system do not appear to influence VAP rates (3 trials, none with significant difference; range of relative risks [RRs], 0.84-0.91). However, lower VAP rates may be associated with avoidance of heated humidifiers and use of heat and moisture exchangers (5 trials, only 1 showing a significant difference; range of RRs, 0.34-0.86), use of oral vs nasal intubation (1 trial; RR, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.24-1.13), subglottic secretion drainage vs standard endotracheal tubes (2 trials, 1 showing a significant difference; range of RRs, 0.46-0.57), and kinetic vs conventional beds (5 trials, only 1 showing a significant difference; range of RRs, 0.35-0.78).Conclusions.—Some ventilator circuit and secretion management strategies may influence VAP rates in critically ill patients. Whether these strategies are adopted in practice depends on several factors such as the magnitude and precision of estimates of benefit and harm, as well as access, availability, and costs.
Whole-Body <i>Sleeping Beauty</i> Mutagenesis Can Cause Penetrant Leukemia/Lymphoma and Rare High-Grade Glioma without Associated Embryonic Lethality
Authors: Lara S. Collier, David J. Adams, Christopher S. Hackett, Laura E. Bendzick, Keiko Akagi, Michael N. Davies, Miechaleen D. Diers, Fausto J. Rodriguez, Aaron M. Bender, Christina Tieu, Ilze Matise, Adam J. Dupuy, Neal G. Copeland, Nancy A. Jenkins, J. Graeme Hodgson, William A. Weiss, Robert B. Jenkins, David A. Largaespada
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system has been used as a somatic mutagen to identify candidate cancer genes. In previous studies, efficient leukemia/lymphoma formation on an otherwise wild-type genetic background occurred in mice undergoing whole-body mobilization of transposons, but was accompanied by high levels of embryonic lethality. To explore the utility of SB for large-scale cancer gene discovery projects, we have generated mice that carry combinations of different transposon and transposase transgenes. We have identified a transposon/transposase combination that promotes highly penetrant leukemia/lymphoma formation on an otherwise wild-type genetic background, yet does not cause embryonic lethality. Infiltrating gliomas also occurred at lower penetrance in these mice. SB-induced or accelerated tumors do not harbor large numbers of chromosomal amplifications or deletions, indicating that transposon mobilization likely promotes tumor formation by insertional mutagenesis of cancer genes, and not by promoting wide-scale genomic instability. Cloning of transposon insertions from lymphomas/leukemias identified common insertion sites at known and candidate novel cancer genes. These data indicate that a high mutagenesis rate can be achieved using SB without high levels of embryonic lethality or genomic instability. Furthermore, the SB system could be used to identify new genes involved in lymphomagenesis/leukemogenesis.
Treatment of acute hepatitis C in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: The HEPAIG study
Authors: Lionel Piroth, Christine Larsen, Christine Binquet, Laurent Alric, Isabelle Auperin, Marie-Laure Chaix, Stéphanie Dominguez, Xavier Duval, Anne Gervais, Jade Ghosn, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, Stanislas Pol
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Acute hepatitis C continues to be a concern in men who have sex with men (MSM), and its optimal management has yet to be established. In this study, the clinical, biological, and therapeutic data of 53 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected MSM included in a multicenter prospective study on acute hepatitis C in 2006-2007 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The mean hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral load at diagnosis was 5.8 ± 1.1 log(10) IU/mL (genotype 4, n = 28; genotype 1, n = 14, genotype 3, n = 7). The cumulative rates of spontaneous HCV clearance were 11.0% and 16.5% 3 and 6 months after diagnosis, respectively. Forty patients were treated, 38 of whom received pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The mean duration of HCV therapy was 39 ± 17 weeks (24 ± 4 weeks in 14 cases). On treatment, 18/36 (50.0%; 95% confidence interval 34.3-65.7) patients had undetectable HCV RNA at week 4 (RVR), and 32/39 (82.1%; 95 confidence interval 70.0-94.1) achieved sustained virological response (SVR). SVR did not correlate with pretreatment parameters, including HCV genotype, but correlated with RVR (predictive positive value of 94.4%) and with effective duration of HCV therapy (64.3% for 24 ± 4 weeks versus 92.0% for longer treatment; P = 0.03).The low rate of spontaneous clearance and the high SVR rates argue for early HCV therapy following diagnosis of acute hepatitis C in HIV-infected MSM. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin seem to be the best option. The duration of treatment should be modulated according to RVR, with a 24-week course for patients presenting RVR and a 48-week course for those who do not, irrespectively of HCV genotype.
HYSTERIA IN CHILDREN.
Authors: J. G. BILLER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Hysteria is recognized as well worthy of our deepest study and best thought, by those most familiar with it. Notwithstanding this fact, and the volumes that have been written about it, we must acknowledge that in many ways we are wofully ignorant regarding it. We all, probably, feel at times as though, if there were anything which we have not found out by practical experience pertaining to this disorder, we are perfectly willing to remain uninformed. No matter how willing we may be to call it quits, our omnipresent foe (hysteria) never will consent to that, and by appearing in new phases and new forms, as well as new combinations, forces us to learn more and more regarding it. The more we know of it the less liable we are to use some such an expression as, ''Oh! it is nothing but hysteria, and does not amount to anything!" No
Non-invasive ventilation improves survival in patients with motor neuron disease
Authors: A McKendrick
Journal: Thorax (2006)

▴ Bourke SC, Tomlinson M, Williams TL, et al . Effects of non-invasive ventilation on survival and quality of life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol2006;5:140–7 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] This randomised controlled trial allocated patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis to either standard care (n = 19) or non-invasive ventilation (NIV, n = 22). Patients were randomised when they developed orthopnoea with a maximum … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DLancet.%2BNeurology%26rft.stitle%253DLancet%2BNeurol%26rft.aulast%253DBourke%26rft.auinit1%253DS.%2BC.%26rft.volume%253D5%26rft.issue%253D2%26rft.spage%253D140%26rft.epage%253D147%26rft.atitle%253DEffects%2Bof%2Bnon-invasive%2Bventilation%2Bon%2Bsurvival%2Band%2Bquality%2Bof%2Blife%2Bin%2Bpatients%2Bwith%2Bamyotrophic%2Blateral%2Bsclerosis%253A%2Ba%2Brandomised%2Bcontrolled%2Btrial.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252FS1474-4422%252805%252970326-4%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16426990%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70326-4&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16426990&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F61%2F5%2F399.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000234914800018&link_type=ISI
SPREAD OF TUBERCULOSIS WITHIN FAMILIES
Authors: EUGENE L. OPIE
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Study of the spread of latent tuberculous infection in families has been undertaken with the purpose of determining its relation to manifest disease. This study has shown that prolonged exposure to open tuberculosis causes tuberculous infection of all members of the household, and has furnished information by means of which the appearance of manifest tuberculosis in many instances may be predicted. Routine study of the exposed family as a whole is essential to the effective treatment and control of the disease. For convenience the term latent tuberculosis has been applied to all forms of tuberculosis that do not manifest themselves by symptoms or physical signs evident to the patient or to the physician.  During 1923-1924, approximately 100 families came under observation, and during the subsequent three years the progress of the disease in them has been followed. During 1924-1925, approximately 250 more families have been included in the study, and
Ernst August Dölle’s Views on German Psychosomatics
Authors: Hubert Speidel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1984)

The significance of <i>Ernst August Dölle's</i> contribution to the growth of German psychology, especially during the 20s and 30s, has already been widely appreciated. Oddly enough, however, hardly anyone outside the field of German psychosomatics has realized the important role <i>Dölle</i> has played as an encouraging and constructive critic of psychosomatic medicine; his ideas have been eagerly adopted by some of the best-known German psychoanalysts and specialists in psychosomatics. In the interests of psychosomatic medicine we warmly recommend taking up some of the lines of thought he developed in his later, largely unpublished, works and in the discussions he held during the last years of his life.
Evaluation of a non-chlorofluorocarbon formulation of cromolyn sodium (Intal) metered-dose inhaler versus the chlorofluorocarbon formulation in the treatment of adult patients with asthma: A controlled trial
Authors: Malcolm N. Blumenthal, Thomas B. Casale, Jordan N. Fink, Thomas Uryniak, Frank E. Casty
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Estimating the Number of Insecticide-Treated Nets Required by African Households to Reach Continent-wide Malaria Coverage Targets
Authors: John M. Miller, Eline L. Korenromp, Bernard L. Nahlen, Richard W. Steketee
Journal: JAMA (2007)

African countries are scaling up malaria interventions, especially insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), for which ambitious coverage targets have been set.To estimate how many ITNs are available in African households that are at risk of malaria and how many ITNs are needed to reach targets for use by children younger than 5 years and pregnant women.Primary sources of data were the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys II, the Demographic and Health Surveys, or other nationally representative or large-scale household surveys that measured household possession and use of nets or ITNs among children younger than 5 years.Data from 42 household surveys between 1999 and 2006 on net and ITN coverage (either household possession or use) and average numbers of nets and ITNs per household were compared with populations and households at risk. Data are included for 43 sub-Saharan African countries.For the median survey year 2003, the population-weighted mean proportion of households possessing at least 1 ITN was 6.7% (range among countries, 0.1%-71.0%) and was 23.8% (range, 5.0%-91.2%) for any type of net. Based on an average of 0.13 ITNs per household, we estimated that 53.6 million nets, of which 16.7 million were ITNs, were available in households at risk of malaria. Between 130 million and 264 million ITNs are required in 2007 to reach the 80% coverage target for about 133 million children younger than 5 years and pregnant women living in 123 million households in risk areas; the exact number depends on usage patterns (best estimate, assuming 55% of owned ITNs are used by the target groups, 192 million ITNs).To achieve the targeted ITN usage rates, numbers of ITNs available to African households must be dramatically increased.
In Vitro Evaluations of Topical Agents to Treat Acanthamoeba Keratitis
Authors: Atsuko Sunada, Keigo Kimura, Isao Nishi, Masahiro Toyokawa, Akiko Ueda, Tomomi Sakata, Takashi Suzuki, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Yuichi Ohashi, Seishi Asari, Yoshinori Iwatani
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Watchdog orders tobacco company to remove advertisement for smoking app
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The United Kingdom’s advertising watchdog has ordered Imperial Tobacco to withdraw an advertisement for a mobile phone app called “Smoke Spots” because it “presented smoking in a positive light.” The app and website (www.smoke-spots.co.uk) help smokers to find venues and events where they can smoke and that they can rate for other users.

The Advertising Standards Authority received complaints about the advertisements from eight members of the public and from the charity Cancer Research UK. The watchdog said that the advertisements were “harmful and irresponsible” and …
Gene Expression Data Classification Using Consensus Independent Component Analysis
Authors: Chun-Hou Zheng, De-Shuang Huang, Xiang-Zhen Kong, Xing-Ming Zhao
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2008)

Abstract We propose a new method for tumor classification from gene expression data, which mainly contains three steps. Firstly, the original DNA microarray gene expression data are modeled by independent component analysis (ICA). Secondly, the most discriminant eigenassays extracted by ICA are selected by the sequential floating forward selection technique. Finally, support vector machine is used to classify the modeling data. To show the validity of the proposed method, we applied it to classify three DNA microarray datasets involving various human normal and tumor tissue samples. The experimental results show that the method is efficient and feasible.