tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Complicating Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Vernon N. Houk
Journal: JAMA (1961)

AS LATE as 1942, it was said that anemia of an appreciable degree, unexplained by some complicating factor such as hemorrhage or dietary deficiency, did not occur with infectious mononucleosis. In 1943 Dameshek<sup>1</sup>reported hemolytic anemia in a patient with infectious mononucleosis who had received sulfadiazine therapy. The sulfadiazine was emphasized as the cause of hemolysis. Then in 1945, in a review of 300 individuals with infectious mononucleosis, Reed and Helwig<sup>2</sup>reported 3 patients who had pancytopenia during the course of infectious mononucleosis. It was emphasized by the authors for the first time that the presence or absence of anemia was not significant in differentiating between infectious mononucleosis and leukemia, as previously supposed. Since then there have been about 23 reported cases of hemolytic anemia associated with infectious mononucleosis. The present case is one of infectious mononucleosis complicated by severe hemolysis and marked splenomegaly attributable to an
312 EBP50, a scaffold protein participating in the proliferation of cholangiocytes, is delocalized in the ductular reaction associated with cystic fibrosis liver disease
Authors: L. Fouassier, P. Rosenberg, M. Mergey, N. Kinnman, B. Strandvik, R. Hultcrantz, C. Housset
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Delays in assessment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: variations across Europe
Authors: Karim Raza, Rebecca Stack, Kanta Kumar, Andrew Filer, Jacqueline Detert, Hans Bastian, Gerd R Burmester, Prodromos Sidiropoulos, Eleni Kteniadaki, Argyro Repa, Tore Saxne, Carl Turesson, Herman Mann, Jiri Vencovsky, Anca Catrina, Aikaterini Chatzidionysiou, Aase Hensvold, Solbritt Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Alexa Binder, Klaus Machold, Brygida Kwiakowska, Adrian Ciurea, Giorgio Tamborrini, Diego Kyburz, Christopher D Buckley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

Objective The first 3 months after symptom onset represent an important therapeutic window for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study investigates the extent and causes of delay in assessment of patients with RA in eight European countries. Method Data on the following levels of delay were collected from 10 centres (Berlin, Birmingham, Heraklion, Lund, Prague, Stockholm, Umeå, Vienna, Warsaw and Zurich): (1) from onset of RA symptoms to request to see healthcare professional (HCP); (2) from request to see HCP to assessment by that HCP; (3) from initial assessment by HCP to referral to rheumatologist; and (4) from referral to rheumatologist to assessment by that rheumatologist. Results Data were collected from 482 patients with RA. The median delay across the 10 centres from symptom onset to assessment by the rheumatologist was 24 weeks, with the percentage of patients seen within 12 weeks of symptom onset ranging from 8% to 42%. There were important differences in the levels underlying the total delays at individual centres. Conclusions This research highlights the contribution of patients, professionals and health systems to treatment delay for patients with RA in Europe. Although some centres have strengths in minimising certain types of delay, interventions are required in all centres to ensure timely treatment for patients.
Orthopaedic Radiology: Pattern Recognition and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: G. Evison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

A detailed and comprehensive account of the pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and management of hypercalcaemic and hypocalcaemic states is provided by this book.Although the book is clinically based, there is a strong emphasis on the basic aspects of bone cell activity and calcium homeostasis also.
HIV/AIDS is still a double sentence in prisons
Authors: Oscar Ozmund Simooya, Nawa Sanjobo
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Good quality monitoring is crucial for informed choiceEditor-In accordance with the patient choice scheme, all 303 primary care trusts in England were obliged from January 2005 to offer patients a choice of at least two providers for cataract surgery. 1 The scheme allows patients to be involved in how, where, and when they are treated.Providers can be NHS trusts, diagnostic and treatment centres, or independent sector providers from the UK or overseas.By February 2005 13 000 extra operations had already been performed under the independent sector treatment programme. 2However, concern was raised about variations in clinical safety between different providers. 3 We sent a postal questionnaire to the leaders of patient choice for each of the primary care trusts in England asking how they monitor the quality of care from their providers.The table shows the replies from 125 trusts.The quality monitoring of providers by primary care trusts is poorly structured and variable.Who then should monitor standards and what variables should they use?Traditionally, NHS providers have used audit and clinical governance to measure their performance.Should it now be the role of the Strategic Health Authority, the provider, or the purchaser in the form of primary care trusts to monitor the product offered to the patient?Information technology exists to collect accurate data about adverse events in addition to visual acuity and refractive outcomes.The public expect that safe cataract care should be commissioned for them, 4 and robust methods of monitoring need to be agreed and implemented so that patients can make a truly informed choice.These decisions need to be made not only for cataract surgery but also for other elective procedures that will increasingly be made available to patients through the patient choice scheme.
How tight is the link between lexical processing and saccade programs?
Authors: Reinhold Kliegl, Ralf Engbert
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

We question the assumption of serial attention shifts and the assumption that saccade programs are initiated or canceled only after stage one of word identification. Evidence: (1) Fixation durations prior to skipped words are not consistently higher compared to those prior to nonskipped words. (2) Attentional modulation of microsaccade rate might occur after early visual processing. Saccades are probably triggered by attentional selection.
Gold treatment for kala-azar.
Authors: M. P. Singh, M. Mishra, A. B. Khan, S. L. Ramdas, S. Panjiyar
Journal: BMJ (1989)

We hypothesized that endotoxin injection in rats would stimulate in vivo nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation in lung tissue and that antioxidant treatment before endotoxin injection would attenuate endotoxin-induced NF-kappa B activation, chemokine gene expression, and neutrophilic lung inflammation. We studied NF-kappa B activation in rat lung tissue following a single i.p. injection of endotoxin (6 mg/kg). After in vivo endotoxin treatment, lung NF-kappa B activation peaked at 2 h and temporally correlated with the expression of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA in lung tissue. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 1 h before endotoxin resulted in decreased lung NF-kappa B activation in a dose-dependent manner (from 200-1000 mg/kg) and diminished cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA expression in lung tissue. Treatment with NAC significantly suppressed endotoxin-induced neutrophilic alveolitis. The average total lung lavage neutrophil count was 5.5 x 10(6) with endotoxin treatment vs 0.9 x 10(6) with NAC treatment before endotoxin. The NF-kappa B pathway represents an attractive therapeutic target for strategies to control neutrophilic inflammation and lung injury.
Endothelium-independent effect of estrogen on Ca2+-activated K+ channels in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells
Authors: R White
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objective: Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy lowers the incidence of cardiovascular disease, suggesting that estrogens support cardiovascular function. Estrogens dilate coronary arteries; however, little is known about the molecular basis of how estrogen affects the human coronary circulation. The cellular/molecular effects of estrogen action on human coronary smooth muscle were investigated in the present study. Methods: Patch-clamp and fluorescent microscopy studies were performed on human coronary myocytes in the absence of endothelium. Results: Estrogen increased whole-cell currents over a range of membrane potentials, and further studies indicated that the large-conductance (186.5±3 pS), calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BKCa) channel was the target of estrogen action. Channel activity was stimulated ∼15-fold by nanomolar concentrations of 17β-estradiol, and this stimulation was reversed >90% by inhibiting cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity with 300 nM KT5823. 17β-Estradiol increased the level of cGMP and nitric oxide in human myocytes, and the stimulatory effect of estrogen on channel activity and NO production was reversed by inhibiting NO synthase with 10 μM NG-monomethyl-l-arginine. Conclusions: Our cellular and molecular studies identify the BKCa channel as a target of estrogen action in human coronary artery smooth muscle. This response to estrogen involves cGMP-dependent phosphorylation of the BKCa channel or a closely associated regulatory molecule, and further evidence suggests involvement of the NO/cGMP signaling system in coronary smooth muscle. These findings are the first to provide direct evidence for a molecular mechanism that can account for endothelium-independent effects of estrogen on human arteries, and may also help explain why estrogens reduce myocardial ischemia and stimulate coronary blood flow in patients with diseased coronary arteries.
Spotlight on Drug Use Review
Authors: GEORGE N. AAGAARD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorial Notes1 July 1975Spotlight on Drug Use ReviewGEORGE N. AAGAARD, M.D.GEORGE N. AAGAARD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-1-115_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the present quarter-year, the papers published in the journals participating in the Drug Spotlight Program are focused on problems of alcoholism. Dr. Frank Seixas' paper in this issue, "Alcohol and Its Drug Interactions," is a part of this series. Although alcoholism is obviously a major health problem, it does not lend itself to the type of review process recommended as a part of the study of drug use in local hospitals. Therefore, this editorial looks at the reviewing of drug use within the hospital. Some aspects of the development of the program will be briefly presented.The Drug Spotlight... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Department of Medicine RG-20 University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1975Volume 83, Issue 1Page: 115-116KeywordsAlcoholismAlcoholsDrug interactionsDrugs Issue Published: 1 July 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Policy for an Aging Society
Authors: Christine K. Cassel
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hydrofluoric Acid Burns
Authors: G. R. C. Peatfield
Journal: BMJ (1952)

The global severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is straining hospitals. Judicious resource allocation is paramount but difficult due to the unpredictable disease course. Once hospitalized, discerning which patients may progress to critical disease would be valuable for resource planning. Medical records were reviewed for consecutive hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a large healthcare system in Texas. The main outcome was progression to critical disease within 10 days from admission. Albumin trends from admission to 7 days were analyzed using mixed-effects models, and progression to critical disease was modeled by multivariable logistic regression of laboratory results. Risk models were evaluated in an independent group. Of 153 non-critical patients, 28 (18%) progressed to critical disease. The rate of decrease in mean baseline-corrected (<b>Δ</b>) albumin was −0.08 g/dL/day (95% CI −0.11 to −0.04; p&lt;0.001) or four times faster, in those who progressed compared with those who did not progress. A model of <b>Δ</b> albumin combined with lymphocyte percentage predicting progression to critical disease was validated in 60 separate patients (sensitivity, 0.70; specificity, 0.74). ALLY (delta albumin and lymphocyte percentage) is a simple tool to identify patients with COVID-19 at higher risk of disease progression when: (1) a 0.9 g/dL or greater albumin drop from baseline within 5 days of admission or (2) baseline lymphocyte of ≤10% is observed. The ALLY tool identified &gt;70% of hospitalized cases that progressed to critical COVID-19 disease. We recommend prospectively tracking albumin. This is a globally applicable tool for all healthcare systems.
Effect of atrial systole on right ventricular stroke output in complete heart block.
Authors: W. J. Gillespie, D. G. Greene, N. B. Karatzas, G. D. Lee
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Katz, A. M., Pearson, C. M., and Kennedy, J. J. (1963). Arthr. and Rheum., 6, 281. -(1965). Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 6, 25. Kelly, M. (1964a). Med. J. Aust., 2, 541. (1964b). Lancet, 2, 474. Lansbury, J. (1958). Arthr. and Rheum., 1, 505. L?vgren, O., and Allander, E. (1964). Brit. med. J., 1, 118. Medical Research Council and Nuflield Foundation (1954). Ibid., 1, 1223. Mlchotte, L. J., and Wauters, M. (1964). Acta rheum, scand., 10, 273. Miehlke, K. (1965). Munch, med. Wschr., 107, 38. Norcross, B. M. (1963). Arthr. and Rheum., 6, 290. Percy, J. S., Stephenson, P., and Thompson, M. (1964). Ann. rheum. Dis., 23, 226. -and Thompson, P. (1963). 5th European Congress on Rheumatic Disease. Robecchi, A., Marrazzi, G., and Viara, M. (1964). Reumatismo, 16, 388. Robinson, R. G. (1965). Med. J. Aust., 1, 266. Ropes, M. W., Bennett, G. A., Cobb, S., Jacox, R., and Jessar, R. A. (1957). Ann. rheum. Dis., 16, 118. Rothermich, N. O. (1963). Arthr. and Rheum., 6, 295. (1964). Proceedings of 8th Congress of Japan Rheumatism Associa tion (Okayama), p. 159 Rubens-Duval, A., and Villiaumey, J (1964). Rev. Rhum., 31, 204. Smyth, C. J. (1965). Arthr. and Rheum., 8, 921. Amoroso, C, and Velayos, E. (1964). Ibid., 7, 345. and Godfrey, R. (1964). Ibid., 7, 345. Velayos, E. E., and Amoroso, C. (1963a). Ibid., 6, 299. -(1963b). Acta rheum, scand., 9, 306. Suzman, M. M. (1964). Rhumatologie, 16, 423. Thompson, M. (1964). Ibid.. 16, 439. and Percy, J. S. (1966). Brit. med. J., 1, 80. Viara, M., and Marrazzi, G. (1964). Rhumatologie, 16, 429. Vignau, A I., Correa, E. T., Guasch, J. L., Schuster, A. C, Patri, A. M., Vaisman, S. B., and Mortimer, E. A. (1965). Arthr. and Rheum., 8, 501. Wanka, J., Jones, L. I., Wood, P. H. N., and Dixon, A. St. J. (1964). Ann. rheum. Dis., 23, 218. Ward, J. R. (1964). Excerpta Medica International Congress, No. 82, edited by S. Garattini and M. N. G. Dukes, p. 353. Amsterdam.
Epidemiology of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in China.
Authors: Y. Lin, W. Yin, T. Yan, L. Zhou, G. Di, J. Wu, Z. Shen, Z. Shao, J. Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background:The classification of tumors based on the gene expression may define intrinsic breast cancer subtypes in which the effect of risk factors could be more obvious. We sought to assess the risk factors for triple negative breast cancer on Chinese population.Methods: A retrospective study of 5761 patients was carried out from a large database of breast cancer patients undergoing surgery between January 1, 1991 and June 31, 2008 in Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Univariate analyses were performed by chi-square test of Student's t test and multivariate analyses by logistic regression.Results: A total of 1108 women were identified as having triple negative breast cancer and were compared with the 4653 women with non-triple negative. Regardless the pathological discrepancy, women with triple negative breast cancers were significantly more likely to be younger age(P=0.001; OR=1.615, 95%CI=1.207-2.160), premenopausal (P = 0.003; OR = 1.570, 95% CI = 1.171-2.106) and parous women (P = 0.001; OR = 1.741, 95% CI = 1.269-2.387).There seems no associations with increasing risk of triple negative breast cancer for breastfeeding (P=0.126), younger age at menarche (P=0.129), first degree family history (P=0.111) and oral contraceptive usage (P=0.251).Conclusion:Based on this large population study in Chinese breast cancer patients, the risk factors for triple negative phenotype may be somewhat different from those for Western women. Therefore, a better knowledge of this issue is warranted due to it may have impact on clinical outcomes and may offer some insight into the process of carcinogenesis and therapeutic efficacy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2065.
Biliary papillary tumors share pathological features with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas
Authors: Yoh Zen, Takahiko Fujii, Keita Itatsu, Koichi Nakamura, Hiroshi Minato, Satomi Kasashima, Hiroshi Kurumaya, Kazuyoshi Katayanagi, Atsuhiro Kawashima, Shinji Masuda, Hideki Niwa, Takeshi Mitsui, Yasuyuki Asada, Shouji Miura, Tetsuo Ohta, Yasuni Nakanuma
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Recently, attention has been drawn to papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary systems. In the pancreas, the disease entity of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN-P) is widely recognized. In contrast, the pathological characteristics of biliary papillary tumors, such as biliary papilloma(tosis) and papillary cholangiocarcinoma, have not yet been well documented. In this study, we compared the pathological features and post-operative prognosis among biliary papillary tumors (10 cases of biliary papilloma(tosis) and 22 cases of papillary cholangiocarcinoma), conventional non-papillary cholangiocarcinoma (15 cases), and IPMN-P (31 cases). Macroscopically, all biliary papillary tumors were characterized by the prominent intraductal papillary proliferation, and macroscopic mucin-hypersecretion was seen in 9 of 32 cases (28%). Histologically, biliary papillary tumors consisted of three types of tumor cells (pancreaticobiliary, intestinal and gastric types), whereas only the pancreaticobiliary type was observed in non-papillary cholangiocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, biliary papillary tumors were characterized by the common expression of MUC2, CDX2 and cytokeratin 20. In addition, biliary papillary tumors could be associated with two types of invasive lesions: tubular adenocarcinoma (9 cases) and mucinous carcinoma (5 cases). Patients with tubular adenocarcinoma had a poor prognosis compared to non-invasive papillary tumor or papillary tumor with mucinous carcinoma. These pathological characteristics and the survival status of biliary papillary tumors were different from those of non-papillary cholangiocarcinoma, and rather closely resembled those of IPMN-P. In conclusion , biliary papillary tumors may be the biliary counterpart (intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct) of IPMN-P. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the HEPATOLOGY website (http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html).
SC-06 * EXPRESSION OF PLURIPOTENCY STEMNESS GENES IN HUMAN GLIOMAS OF DIFFERENT TUMOR GRADES BEFORE AND AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: L. Dreher, G. Rohn, M. Perrech, R. Goldbrunner, M. Timmer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Following the concept of glioma stem-like cells being the crucial reservoir for self-renewal, differentiation and proliferation of malignant brain tumors and escaping from adjuvant therapy numerous efforts have been made to exactly characterize them. However, several functional assays and analysis of surface markers to clearly identify this subgroup have led to insufficient and controversial results so far. Therefore we analyzed the expression levels of a bunch of potential markers of glioma stem-like cells in human glioma samples of different WHO grades and different treatment. We aimed not only to identify an adequate specific marker for stemness in human gliomas but also to gain insight into expression changes with increasing tumor grade and effects of chemotherapy on cancer stem cell activity. cDNA was synthesized from mRNA of 80 snap frozen tumor samples from patients with gliomas of different tumor grades and pre-treatment (WHO grade II, III, secondary glioblastoma ± chemotherapy, primary glioblastoma ± chemotherapy, peritumoral tissue). Using quantitative real-time PCR relative expression levels of cMyc, Nanog, Nestin, Oct4, and Sox2 were analyzed. Quantitative data were normalized in relation to the housekeeping gene SDHA. Results are depicted in mean ± SEM. The expression of Sox2 in all tested tumor groups was higher than in the control peritumoral tissue (2.10 ± 0.72). Interestingly highest expression levels were seen in WHO grade II (8.37 ± 1.60) and grade III (9.80 ± 2.20) tumor groups. cMyc, Nanog and Nestin expression were generally low compared to other tested genes in all tumor samples including control tissue. Oct4 expression was high in all tested tumor groups compared to other genes. We here provide expression profiles of different stemness genes in human tumors of different grades and treatment on genetic level. Interestingly, the transcription factor Sox2 seems to play a role especially in gliomagenesis as it is overexpressed in lower grade gliomas.
Spyglass Direct Visualization System facilitated management of iatrogenic biliary stricture: a novel approach in difficult cannulation
Authors: A. Theodoropoulou, E. Vardas, E. Voudoukis, A. Tavernaraki, G. Tribonias, K. Konstantinidis, G. Paspatis
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 70-year-old man with a history of cholelithiasis underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. At a follow-up visit 2 months later, he complained of epigastric pain and weight loss. Alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, and bilirubin levels were all elevated. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a stricture in the middle of the common bile duct and dilatation above the stricture.