tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reimbursement, Beneficence, and Advance Directives-Reply
Authors: John La Puma
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Drs Spielberg and Grant for their interesting comments and our many other colleagues for such kind notice about our article. Advance directive consultations are slowly becoming ordinary clinical practice, often as part of the review of systems in a new or return office visit. A significant time commitment is required to gather the necessary data; that commitment should be recognized by reimbursement systems. Similar considerations apply to ethics consultations, now requested for particularly difficult clinical cases in community and university settings; in 26% of 104 community hospital ethics consultations over 2 years, requesting physicians asked the consultant for assistance with advance directives (J.L., unpublished data, July 1986 through June 1987 and January 1988 through December 1989). Discussions with Medicare and the Health Care Financing Administration about needed reimbursement for ethics consultation services have begun. Signed advance directive forms unfortunately do not signify that a detailed discussion
Synovectomy of the Knee Joint in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Howard P. Aidem, Lenox D. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Satisfactory results were achieved by synovectomy in 24 of 26 rheumatoid knee joints. Follow-up studies averaged four years. Clinically, synovectomy arrested the rheumatoid process locally and prevented progressive joint destruction. The favorable results suggest that perhaps synovectomy of the knee joint should be performed more frequently in the patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
Abstract 4794: Tn (GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr) in serum mucin: a potential cancer biomarker
Authors: Jaulang Hwang, Hsiao-Ling Chiang, Chi-Yu Lin, Fan-Dan Jan, Chiao-En Chen, Chia-Tse Hsu, Shin Nieh, Chun-Cheng Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Mucin-related carbohydrate epitope, Tn (GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr), is expressed in epithelial tumors including breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer. Since the expression of Tn was shown to define the stage, rate, and phenotype of tumor progression as well as the diagnosis, Tn may offer as useful information for prognostic purposes. However, Tn-based tumor diagnosis requires the immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of tumor tissue. A simple and noninvasive assay for tumor diagnosis is desirable. This study is taken an effort to examine whether Tn in serum mucin can be used as biomarker for cancer diagnosis. To reach this goal, we must have an anti-Tn antibody with high affinity and high specificity. This study presents a novel carrier protein containing a binding domain to the receptor of antigen presenting cells and cysteine-rich repeat peptide to serve as docking sites for conjugating Tn, as a result, to collaboratively activate T-cells and B-cells. This novel carrier protein after conjugation with Tn can effectively elicit high titer of IgG1 antibodies rather than IgM against Tn with high specificity in all immunized mice and rabbits. Applying this anti-Tn antibody, we observed that Tn expression by IHC assay is highly significantly correlated with the malignancy of tumors. We then applied anti-Tn antibody to detect the Tn in serum mucin of 12 lung cancer patients. The results showed that the levels of Tn were high in serum mucin of 11 out of 12 lung cancer patients, while the levels of serum mucin Tn are relatively low in normal people, suggesting that the levels of Tn in serum mucin may be a potential cancer biomarker. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4794.
French doctors go on strike to demand reintroduction of compulsory out of hours work
Authors: Brad Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Emergency services at public and university hospitals in France last week began a “general and unlimited” strike, organised by the French Association of Hospital Emergency Doctors. Joined by nurses, administrators, and ambulance drivers, the striking doctors are asking not only for more staff, better working conditions, more beds, and more money but a revamp of France's entire emergency and out-of-hours care system.

They are also complaining that doctors with private practices do not carry out enough out-of-hours work during evenings, weekends, and holidays, forcing patients to use hospitals instead. They want to see a system introduced whereby most general practitioners with private practice are obliged to do out-of-hours work.

Dr Patrick Pelloux, president of the association, said in an open letter to Dr Philippe …
Army Emphasizes Burn Research, Treatment; Air Force Provides Rapid Transportation
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

FOR 40 YEARS, the US Army's Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Tex, has played a central role in the development and improvement of therapy for the patient with burns. The institute's director, COL Basil A. Pruitt, MC, USA, says that when the staff encounters a significant problem, it can be brought from the clinic to the laboratory, where possible solutions can be explored.   relationship has been responsible for some of the significant improvements in burn care over the years, he says. In turn, this has been reflected in improved survival.  Pruitt cites development of topical chemotherapy: Investigation of this has made possible the excision procedures that are now widely employed in burn patients, allowing earlier wound closure. This reduces the duration and magnitude of physiologic stress, reduces the period during which the patient is at risk of infection, and gives improved functional and cosmetic results.
Viral and nonviral factors causing nonspecific replication of tumor- and tissue-specific promoter-dependent oncolytic adenoviruses
Authors: Almudena Hurtado Picó, Xiaomin Wang, Isaac Sipo, Ulrike Siemetzki, Jürgen Eberle, Wolfgang Poller, Henry Fechner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Restricted replication-competent adenoviruses (RRCAs) using tumor- and tissue-specific promoters (ttsP's) are new tools for cancer gene therapy. In this study we investigated viral and nonviral factors affecting "leakiness" of several ttsP's and their relevance for nonspecific ttsP-dependent RRCA (ttsP-RRCA) replication. The leakiness of the ttsP's in nontarget cells was per se highly variable and correlated with levels of nonspecific ttsP-RRCA replication. Transcriptional regulator elements fused to ttsP's showed variable effects: a hypoxic response element reduced leakiness of an alpha-fetoprotein promoter. In contrast, a mouse tyrosinase enhancer increased leakiness of a tyrosinase promoter, although it was not affected by a human tyrosinase enhancer. Furthermore, leakiness of ttsP's was enhanced by 5'-terminal adenoviral E1A enhancers, and adenoviral E1A-13S was found to be a strong transactivator of ttsP's, leading to "autoactivation" of leaky ttsP-RRCAs. In a proof-of-principle study, ttsP-RRCA replication was shown to be inhibited by a tetracycline-controlled transcriptional silencer via direct ttsP silencing. This opens up the prospect of pharmacological regulation of ttsP-RRCAs. Together, these data indicate that leakiness of ttsP's induced by several factors is a major cause of nonspecific ttsP-RRCA replication. Consideration of these factors may help optimize ttsP-dependent RRCA vectors and may thereby improve their safety.
Current Topics in Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: W. W. Buchanan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Dr. Holt has admirably brought together a series of topics which are both currently of great interest to rheumatolo- gists and where progress is occurring.It was Dr. Holt's intention to provide a series of articles which would help 'smooth the transition from today's research to to- morrow's clinical practice'.This is an admirable objective
ARE HOMOSEXUALS LESS AT RISK OF AIDS THAN INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSERS AND HAEMOPHILIACS?
Authors: D. Fuchs, M.P. Dierich, A. Hausen, P. Hengster, G. Reibnegger, T. Schulz, E.R. Werner, H. Wachter
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Genetic Modification of T Lymphocytes for Adoptive Immunotherapy
Authors: Claudia Rossig, Malcolm K. Brenner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes is a promising therapy for malignancies—particularly of the hemopoietic system—and for otherwise intractable viral diseases. Efforts to broaden the approach have been limited by the physiology of the T cells themselves and by a range of immune evasion mechanisms developed by tumor cells. In this review we show how genetic modification of T cells is being used preclinically and in patients to overcome these limitations, by incorporation of novel receptors, resistance mechanisms, and control genes. We also discuss how the increasing safety and effectiveness of gene transfer technologies will lead to an increase in the use of gene-modified T cells for the treatment of a wider range of disorders.
The ATP-sensitive K+ channel mediates hypotension in endotoxemia and hypoxic lactic acidosis in dog.
Authors: D W Landry, J A Oliver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Endotoxemia causes hypotension characterized by vasodilation and resistance to vasopressor agents. The molecular mechanisms responsible for these changes are unclear. The ATP-regulated K+ (K+ATP) channel has recently been found to be an important modulator of vascular smooth muscle tone which may transduce local metabolic changes into alterations of vascular flow. We report here that in endotoxic hypotension, the sulfonylurea glyburide, a specific inhibitor for the K+ATP channel, caused vasoconstriction and restoration of blood pressure. Glyburide also induced vasoconstriction and restoration of blood pressure in the vasodilatory hypotension caused by hypoxic lactic acidosis, while it was ineffective in the hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside. Thus, vasodilation and hypotension in septic shock are, at least in part, due to activation of the K+ATP channel in vascular smooth muscle, and anaerobic metabolism with acidosis is a sufficient stimulus for channel activation. Because anaerobic metabolism and acidosis are common features in shock of any etiology, sulfonylureas may be effective therapeutic agents in the treatment of shock.
TCT-354 Utility Of The National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) Risk Score In A Veterans Affairs (VA) Hospital To Predict 3 Year Mortality
Authors: Sohail Ikram, Aravind Sekhar, Prafull Raheja, Ali Usmani, Shoaib Akbar, Ram Sharma, Deepali N. Tukaye, Melissa Lester, Ibraiz Iqbal, Omer Zuberi, Ibrahim Abu Romeh, lakshmana Pendyala
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Treatment of Typhoid Fever.
Authors: J. H. Bennett
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Haselton, Ohio, Dec. 19, 1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In answer to Dr. A. S. Caldwell, of Free-port, Ill., I should like to report my experience with Dr. Woodbridge's treatment of typhoid fever. I called him in consultation on October 27, last, to see the wife of a brother physician, who had been sick ten days with typhoid fever. The pulse was 120; her temperature was 1045; rose spots abundant, marked tenderness in right iliac fossa, with enormous tympanitic distension. Her nervous symptoms were very bad; in fact, it was a typical and severe case of typhoid fever, with a feeble breath and a pulse which became dicrotic. I heard Dr. Woodbridge say in answer to the husband's anxious inquiries that he did not consider her in as much danger as he would a well person, taking the ordinary risks of out-door life. Her temperature went to normal on the tenth
Concerning the Norway Lepers.
Authors: W. S. Caldwell
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Paris, March 19, 1898. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In reply to Dr. Hansen's letter in theJournalof February 26, I would say that I got my information as to the number of lepers in Norway from a guide book (I believe Murray's), which I thought at the time was reliable, but which it seems was not. Now the information as to the other points in my letter, including the number of lepers that Dr. Hansen saw in America, and our profound ignorance, as a profession, of the whole subject of leprosy, I got from an attending physician in the Bergen hospital. Up to this time, I did not know that Dr. Hansen had ever been in the United States, or that he was the eminent authority on this subject that he is. I had before seen considerable of leprosy in the East, in its worst form, but it was only
Does coronary angioplasty lead to accelerated progression of non-critical coranary artery stenoses?
Authors: Zaza J. Aivazi, Lev Lubarsky, Anastasia Nikitina, Milena G. Adamian, Ali Aboufares, Eugene C. DePasquale, Julia Adamian, Yelena Pertsovsky, Jeffrey Moses, Neil Coplan, Issam Moussa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
IMPACT REGISTRY&amp;trade; (IMPROVING PEDIATRIC AND ADULT CONGENITAL TREATMENT): FIRST DATA REPORT
Authors: Gerard R. Martin, Lisa Bergersen, Lee Benson, Robert Beekman, Ralf Holzer, Frank Ing, Kathy Jenkins, John Moore, Richard Ringel, Jonathan Rome, Carlos Ruiz, Robert Vincent
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Accuracy in the Diagnosis of Torn Meniscus in the Knee
Authors: Robert R. Rix
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THIS STUDY is based on an analysis of over 100 cases of torn meniscus which have occurred in my practice. It is mainly concerned with the relative diagnostic value of the various symptoms and signs. Of special interest, however, is the fact that a certain proportion of tears are not visible on entering the joint and only become visible when the meniscus has been partially removed. These are the tears in the middle and posterior half of the meniscus and are the ones which require the surgeon to be sure of his diagnosis in order that he may proceed with confidence in the removal of a meniscus which may not seem to be torn when the joint is opened.  Removal of a torn meniscus benefits a knee. Removal of a normal meniscus confers no benefit and may indeed make the joint worse. If a surgeon has definitely made a diagnosis
Violence and Mental Illness — How Strong is the Link?
Authors: Richard A. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with Richard Friedman on violence and mental illness. (07:05)Download On Sunday afternoon, September 3, 2006, Wayne Fenton, a prominent schizophrenia expert and an associate director at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), was found dead in his office. He had just seen a 19-year-old patient with schizophrenia who later admitted to the police that he had beaten Fenton with his fists.This tragic incident was widely publicized and raises, once again, the controversial question about the potential danger posed by people with mental illness. The killing also left many in the mental health and medical communities concerned about their own safety in dealing with psychotic patients. After all, . . .
Tolbutamide-Induced Hypoglycemia
Authors: Nathan Kreeger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

WITHIN the past two years reports dealing with the supposed value of tolbutamide in acne,1 paralysis agitans2 and multiple sclerosis3 have appeared. It was to be expected that these reports would result in a more widespread use of tolbutamide in nondiabetic subjects, and that such a use, if attended by untoward effects, would have its repercussions in the literature of the next few years. Already, Schwartz4 and Yonet and Ballard5 have reported cases of tolbutamide-induced hypoglycemia in patients being treated for Parkinson's disease.† In these cases the blood sugar was found to be 30 and 40 mg. per 100 ml. . . .
Fixed drug eruption due to naproxen; lack of cross-reactivity with other propionic acid derivatives
Authors: M A Gonzalo, M I Alvarado, L Fernández, R Rosendo, G González
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Fixed drug eruption due to naproxen; lack of cross‐reactivity with other propionic acid derivatives Get access M.A. Gonzalo, M.A. Gonzalo Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Cristina, Carretera de Portugal s/n, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.E‐mail: mgg01ba@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.I. Alvarado, M.I. Alvarado Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Cristina, Carretera de Portugal s/n, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.E‐mail: mgg01ba@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Fernández, L. Fernández Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Cristina, Carretera de Portugal s/n, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.E‐mail: mgg01ba@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Rosendo, R. Rosendo Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Cristina, Carretera de Portugal s/n, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.E‐mail: mgg01ba@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. González G. González Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Infanta Cristina, Carretera de Portugal s/n, 06080 Badajoz, Spain.E‐mail: mgg01ba@nacom.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 6, 1 June 2001, Pages 1291–1292, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04267.x Published: 01 June 2001
Fall Severity and Bone Mineral Density as Risk Factors for Hip Fracture in Ambulatory Elderly
Authors: Susan L. Greenspan
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To determine the relative importance of fall characteristics, body habitus, and femoral bone mineral density (BMD) in predicting hip fracture in community-dwelling elderly.Prospective case-control study.Community-based academic hospital.A total of 149 ambulatory, community-dwelling fallers (126 women, 23 men) aged 65 years and older, including 72 case patients (fallers with hip fracture) and 77 control fallers (fallers with no hip fracture).Fall characteristics, body habitus, femoral BMD.Significant and independent risk factors for hip fracture in both sexes were direction of the fall (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3 to 14.0; P < .001); femoral neck BMD (a decrease of 1 SD; adjusted OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.6; P < .001); potential energy of the fall (an increase of 1 SD; adjusted OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.2; P < .001); and body mass index (a decrease of 1 SD; adjusted OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.8; P < .01). Importantly, the OR for the fall direction was unaffected by the addition or removal of BMD from the model.We conclude that among elderly fallers--in most of whom hip BMD is already less than the fracture threshold--fall characteristics and body habitus are important risk factors for hip fracture and touch on a domain entirely missed by knowledge of BMD. These data suggest new targets for preventive therapy. In addition to the maintenance of bone density, reductions in fall severity (eg, by use of trochanteric padding or enhancement of muscle strength) may provide additional strategies for prevention of hip fracture in this age group.
Metabolism of Carcinogenic Nitrosamines in the Rat and Human Esophagus and Induction of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in Rats
Authors: S. S. Mirvish, Q. Huang, S. C. Chen, D. F. Birt, G. W. B. Clark, R. A. Hinder, T. C. Smyrk, T. R. DeMeester
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

The mechanism is discussed by which certain nitrosamines induce esophageal papillomas and squamous cancer in rats, and some evidence is presented for the view that nitrosamines also induce the same cancer in humans, especially in China and South Africa. Studies on the metabolism of nitrosamines by cytochrome P450 isozymes in rat and human esophagus, including the activation reactions of formaldehyde and pentaldehyde formation from methyl-n-amylnitrosamine (MNAN), are reviewed. These reactions are catalyzed by microsomes from the rat and human esophagus, probably because these microsomes contain specific cytochrome P450 isozymes. Evidence is reviewed for the occurrence of nitrosamines related to MNAN in fungus-infected corn. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is rising in Western countries. The precursor lesion, Barrett's esophagus, is associated with colon cancer, suggesting a role for bile salts in the induction of the esophageal tumor. Studies are described in which rats were subjected to esophago-duodenostomy (joining the duodenum to the esophagus) and then treated with nitrosamines that normally induce esophageal squamous cancer. Adenocarcinomas of the lower esophagus were induced as well as Barrett's esophagus (under one set of conditions). Feeding a high-fat diet with this system increased the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. This tumor was not induced when the operation was changed to esophago-gastroplasty (widening the lower esophageal sphincter). These results support a role of reflux of duodenal contents (including bile and pancreatic juice) rather than of gastric contents in the etiology of human esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Evolution of clinical understanding: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria as a paradigm
Authors: Wendell F. Rosse
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

In recounting the history of the development of knowledge about PNH, the roles of the clinician, the basic scientist, and the clinician-investigator are apparent. Without the observations of the clinicians, the problem could not be posed. Without the contributions from basic science (the biochemistry of complement, the biology of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchors, etc), the information necessary to the solution of the problem would not be available. Without the synthesis of the clinician-investigator, the two elements would not be fused to result in knowledge about the disease.
Abstract 4522: Identification of small molecule agonists/activators of BMP-2, 4, 7 signaling
Authors: Karen Vrijens, Wenwei Lin, Jimmy Cui, Anang Shelat, Michael Taylor, Kip R. Guy, Taosheng Chen, Martine F. Roussel
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. MB is a cancer of the cerebellum that occurs in children between the ages of 3 and 7. Human MBs have been classified into four subgroups, two of which harbor mutations in pathways that regulate normal development of the brain: Sonic Hedgehog/Patched (Shh/Ptch) (25%) and Wnt (15%). Our laboratory found that the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2, 4, 7) antagonize Shh signaling by inducing the irreversible differentiation of MB cells into neurons leaving normal post-mitotic neurons intact. We designed a cell-based luciferase assay in which a human carcinoma cell line, C33A, expressed a multimerized BMP-responsive element from the Id1 promoter linked to luciferase. We then screened 3,488 compounds with known bioactivity and 31,441 compounds from the St. Jude diversity library for small molecule agonists of the BMP-2, 4, 7 signaling cascade. To date, 14 candidate compounds induced luciferase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Secondary screens showed that these small molecules induce P-Smad1/5/8 and Id2 expression in a dose-dependent manner in C33A cells by western blotting analysis, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity which is a quantitative measure for the differentiation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts into osteoblasts. One of the compounds ventralized zebrafish embryos. Ongoing efforts are focused on understanding the mechanism of activation of BMP-4 signaling by these small molecule agonists. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4522. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4522
SNP array–based karyotyping: differences and similarities between aplastic anemia and hypocellular myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Manuel G. Afable, Marcin Wlodarski, Hideki Makishima, Mohammed Shaik, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Ramon V. Tiu, Matt Kalaycio, Christine L. O'Keefe, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2011)