tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cries and Whispers
Authors: A. Moscrop
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Red eyed, dry mouthed, sallow skinned, her face contorted in agony: Agnes is dying of cancer. Her torment, sickeningly apparent from the film’s opening sequence, becomes ours to endure. And hers is not the only suffering in Ingmar Bergman’s nineteenth century mansion-house of pain. Loveless and loathing of each other, their husbands, and themselves, Agnes’s two sisters seem as stricken as she. Wretched, tortured souls, quite beyond caring for their sibling, they leave this role to Anna the maid. At Anna’s breast Agnes finds succour and relief from the agony of living, while Anna finds other meaning in this dying; she nurses Agnes with compassion as though she were her own daughter, who died in childhood.

The story unfolds with flashbacks and diary …
Role of Intrarenal Venous Pressure in the Regulation of Renal Vascular Resistance
Authors: LERNER B. HINSHAW, DAVID M. WORTHEN
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

A series of eighteen experiments have been carried out on the heart-lung perfused dog kidney, and the results have defined the role of the intrarenal veins in the autoregulation phenomenon. It was found that there are a variety of intrarenal venous pressures which differ greatly according to (a) anatomical location and (b) the prevailing renal-artery pressure. Findings have pointed out the importance of correct techniques in establishing the changes occurring in the intrarenal venous segment in response to an increase in renal artery pressure. An increase in ureteral pressure results in a significant decrease in renal blood flow and an increase in overall renal vascular resistance, which further supports the role of extra-vascular pressure increases in renal-flow regulation. The findings of the present study corroborate previous reports from this laboratory indicating that autoregulation is primarily accounted for on the basis of changes in renal extravascular pressure. Evidence has been provided for the absence of the "myogenie reflex" as a causal factor in autoregulation.
B.M.J. and Clinical Medicine
Authors: A. Freeman
Journal: BMJ (1973)

We describe the case of an Italian Caucasian man with ainhum involving both big toes. Ainhum or dactylolysis spontanea is characterized by the development of a constricting band around a toe, which progresses to spontaneous autoamputation. It usually affects the fifth toe bilaterally, but in rare cases other toes may be involved. The disease occurs in Black people living in tropical regions but occasionally has been reported in persons having fair skin.
VEGF/VEGFR2 interaction down-regulates matrix metalloproteinase–9 via STAT1 activation and inhibits B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell migration
Authors: Estefanía Ugarte-Berzal, Javier Redondo-Muñoz, Pilar Eroles, Mercedes Hernández del Cerro, José A. García-Marco, María José Terol, Angeles García-Pardo
Journal: Blood (2009)
Chitosan capsules for colon-specific drug delivery: enhanced localization of 5-aminosalicylic acid in the large intestine accelerates healing of TNBS-induced colitis in rats
Authors: Hideyuki Tozaki, Tomokazu Odoriba, Naoki Okada, Takuya Fujita, Akira Terabe, Tsutomu Suzuki, Susumu Okabe, Shozo Muranishi, Akira Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2002)
Caloric Homeostasis and Disorders of Fuel Transport
Authors: Richard J. Havel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

FAT and carbohydrate are the major metabolic fuels. With a few exceptions, the various tissues of the body can burn either efficiently, but the amounts used tend to vary in reciprocal fashion under different nutritional conditions and with changing demands for energy.1 Thus, it is not surprising that disturbed metabolism of one is often associated with changes in metabolism of the other. It is the purpose of this essay to review the normal relations between supply and use of these fuels and to describe and, where possible, to explain the changes in lipid transport and metabolism that accompany disturbances in . . .
<i>The Physiology of Mind. An Interpretation Based on Biological, Morphological, Physical and Chemical Considerations.</i>By Francis X. Dercum, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases in the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. Second edition, Reset. (<i>Philadelphia, etc.: W. B. Saunders, 1925.</i>)
Authors: Harry Stack Sullivan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1927)
Thyroid-Hormone Enhancement of Imipramine in Nonretarded Depressions
Authors: I. C. Wilson, A. J. Prange, T. K. McClane, A. M. Rabon, M. A. Lipton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

The speed and efficacy of imipramine in the treatment of clinical depression was enhanced by the addition of tri-iodothyronine to the treatment program. L-tri-iodothyronine, 25 μg daily, added to imipramine, 150 mg per day, significantly improved performance on the Hamilton Rating Scale and the Self-rating Depression Scale as compared to that in patients receiving imipramine and a placebo. Morbidity and duration of hospitalization were diminished. The patients were euthyroid according to conventional clinical and laboratory criteria. The hormone quickened ankle reflex time and suppressed levels of protein-bound iodine. These physiologic changes, though definite, were slight and within the limits of euthyroidism as usually defined.
Test meta-analyses for stability
Authors: C D. Naylor, G. D. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR–An editorial on meta-analysis that one of us wrote1 noted in passing two difficulties with a paper by Le Lorier et al that showed apparent discrepancies between results of meta-analyses and of individual trials.2 Le Lorier and Gregoire have written to counter those criticisms,3 but we think that they have missed the salient methodological issues.

Le Lorier et al defined a negative trial as “one in which the treatment resulted in an equal or worse …
Regulation of cell pH by ambient bicarbonate, carbon dioxide tension, and pH in the rabbit proximal convoluted tubule.
Authors: R Krapf, C A Berry, R J Alpern, F C Rector
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

To study the regulation of cell pH by ambient pH, carbon dioxide tension (PCO2), and bicarbonate (HCO3), cell pH was measured in the isolated, in vitro microperfused rabbit proximal convoluted tubule using the fluorescent dye (2',7')-bis-(carboxyethyl)-(5,6)-carboxyfluorescein. For the same changes in external pH, changes in [HCO3] and PCO2 affected cell pH similarly ([HCO3]: pHi/pHe = 0.67, PCO2: pHi/pHe = 0.64, NS). Isohydric changes in extracellular [HCO3] and PCO2 did not change cell pH significantly. Changes in peritubular [HCO3] elicited larger changes in cell pH than changes in luminal [HCO3], which were enhanced by peritubular 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate (SITS). The cell pH defense against acute increases and decreases in PCO2 was inhibited by sodium, but not by chloride removal. Peritubular SITS inhibited the cell pH defense against increases and decreases of PCO2, whereas luminal amiloride inhibited cell pH defense against increases in PCO2. Conclusions: (a) Steady-state cell pH changes in response to changes in extracellular [HCO3] and PCO2 are quantitatively similar for a given change in extracellular pH; (b) the rate of the basolateral Na/(HCO3)3 cotransporter is a more important determinant of cell pH than the rate of the apical membrane mechanism(s); (c) cell pH defense against acute changes in PCO2 depends on the basolateral Na/(HCO3)3 cotransporter (acid and alkaline loads) and the luminal Na/H antiporter (acid loads).
Malignant Hypertension Due to Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Russel G. McAllister
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In a patient with malignant hypertension, an excretory urogram revealed a nonfunctioning left kidney while aortography demonstrated severe stenosis of the right renal artery. Renal venous renin activity was markedly elevated on the nonstenotic side. Right aortorenal bypass graft together with left nephrectomy resulted in cure of the patient's hypertension. Microscopic study of the resected kidney revealed a severe necrotizing arteriolopathy typical of malignant hypertension. This case is analogous to Floyer's findings in the rat. The intrarenal arteriolopathy of malignant hypertension is responsible for the paradoxically elevated renin activity from the nonstenotic kidney.
The Golem of Ginchey Street
Authors: Ben Klein
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The golem of Ginchey Street, dull eyes gleaming in the moonlight, wanders his neighborhood, where pecans and figs grow wild. He loves fig trees, especially the way the leaves make a mosaic of the moon on his nightly meanderings. The golem of Ginchey Street came to the clinic with his mother, who sat him down in a chair near the wall by gesturing to the chair and gently pushing his shoulder, as if to help him turn around. Even slumped in the chair you could tell he was big, with his shoulders hunched forward, his big body still, watching me as I entered the room. I didn't know who he was when I spoke to him for the first time, not even when he replied with a grunting laugh. But when he grunted a second time I instinctively looked at his mother for an answer. "He had meningitis when he
277 Comparison of recist criteria and residual vascularity in evaluating therapeutic criteria response to embolization of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: V. Shusang, A.M. Papadapala, K. Sternet, R. Stighano, E. Lodato, E. Cholongitas, N. Woodward, N. Davies, A.K. Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Radiosensitization of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells by MLN4924, an Investigational NEDD8-Activating Enzyme Inhibitor
Authors: Dongping Wei, Hua Li, Jie Yu, Jonathan T. Sebolt, Lili Zhao, Theodore S. Lawrence, Peter G. Smith, Meredith A. Morgan, Yi Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Radiotherapy is used in locally advanced pancreatic cancers in which it can improve survival in combination with gemcitabine. However, prognosis is still poor in this setting in which more effective therapies remain needed. MLN4924 is an investigational small molecule currently in phase I clinical trials. MLN4924 inhibits NAE (NEDD8 Activating Enzyme), a pivotal regulator of the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF (SKP1, Cullins, and F-box protein), that has been implicated recently in DNA damage and repair. In this study, we provide evidence that MLN4924 can be used as an effective radiosensitizer in pancreatic cancer. Specifically, MLN4924 (20-100 nmol/L) effectively inhibited cullin neddylation and sensitized pancreatic cancer cells to ionizing radiation in vitro with a sensitivity enhancement ratio of approximately 1.5. Mechanistically, MLN4924 treatment stimulated an accumulation of several SCF substrates, including CDT1, WEE1, and NOXA, in parallel with an enhancement of radiation-induced DNA damage, aneuploidy, G(2)/M phase cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CDT1 and WEE1 partially abrogated MLN4924-induced aneuploidy, G(2)/M arrest, and radiosensitization, indicating a causal effect. Furthermore, MLN4924 was an effective radiosensitizer in a mouse xenograft model of human pancreatic cancer. Our findings offer proof-of-concept for use of MLN4924 as a novel class of radiosensitizer for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
HIV/AIDS: Gaining Ground and Forging Forward
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2014)

The physician and scientist Galen (born in the second century) endeavored to consider all possible implications when pondering a problem. “Reason,” he wrote, “finds the answers most quickly, but experience confirms our confidence in them.”1

In this spirit, the goal of novel interventions to eliminate or permanently suppress HIV reservoirs had been advanced in 2010 by Folkers and Fauci.2 In a Viewpoint in this issue of JAMA, Fauci and colleagues3 discuss the goals of viral eradication and sustained virologic remission and suggest that “Each goal is being pursued in early-stage research and some evidence of feasibility has been established, albeit under special and relatively unique circumstances.” Galen would no doubt find the scientific process represented in this JAMA HIV/AIDS theme issue affirming and encouraging.
Intestinal IgA: novel views on its function in the defence of the largest mucosal surface
Authors: J MESTECKY, M W RUSSELL, C O ELSON
Journal: Gut (1999)

The intestine is undoubtedly the most misunderstood and under-appreciated lymphoid organ in the body. Yet, in the eyes of mucosal immunologists, the gut exemplifies finely tuned, extensively interacting populations of cells and their products involved in innate and specific defence of the body’s largest surface area, a surface exposed to the heaviest burden of environmental antigens. As the largest lymphoepithelial organ, it contains cells that absorb, process, and present antigen, B and T cells of various types, and antibody producing cells.1 Every day intestinal plasma cells produce more antibodies than do all other lymphoid organs (spleen, lymph nodes, and the bone marrow) combined.2 Although the remarkable dominance of IgA producing cells in the intestine and of IgA in the intestinal fluid has been known for decades, fine details of the migration or “homing” of IgA plasma cell precursors, their terminal differentiation, the mechanisms mediating and regulating the selective transepithelial transport of IgA, and the functional advantages of this molecule in the gut continue to emerge with impressive rapidity.

One feature unique to the mucosal immune system is the crucial role of epithelial cells of various morphological forms and phenotypes in mucosal defences.3 Functional interdependence of epithelial and lymphoid cells in the intestine has been amply documented. In addition to production of inflammatory cytokines (e.g. interleukin (IL) 8 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1α and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. transforming growth factor (TGF) β and IL-10), epithelial cells are also a source of cytokines that regulate the terminal differentiation of arriving lymphocytes into IgA producing plasma cells (e.g. TGF-β, IL-6, IL-10).3Lymphocytes resident in the lamina propria and in the intraepithelial compartment, mostly of T cell lineage, participate directly and indirectly in the protection of the mucosa,4 and provide stimuli (e.g. interferon (IFN) γ) for the maintenance …
Blockade of miR-150 Maturation by MLL-Fusion/MYC/LIN-28 Is Required for MLL-Associated Leukemia
Authors: Xi Jiang, Hao Huang, Zejuan Li, Yuanyuan Li, Xiao Wang, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Ping Chen, Chunjiang He, Dewen You, Shuodan Zhang, Jinhua Wang, Stephen Arnovitz, Abdel Elkahloun, Colles Price, Gia-Ming Hong, Haomin Ren, Rejani B. Kunjamma, Mary Beth Neilly, Jonathan M. Matthews, Mengyi Xu, Richard A. Larson, Michelle M. Le Beau, Robert K. Slany, Paul P. Liu, Jun Lu, Jiwang Zhang, Chuan He, Jianjun Chen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Recurrent Postpartum Transient Hyperthyroidism
Authors: GEORGE E. DAILEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1979Recurrent Postpartum Transient HyperthyroidismGEORGE E. DAILEY, M.D.GEORGE E. DAILEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-90-4-719_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Two self-limited disorders of thyroid function have recently received considerable attention: hyperthyroidism, associated with a reduced radioactive iodine uptake, and hypothyroidism in the postpartum period. Both may be self-limited and associated with complete recovery (1, 2). Transient hyperthyroidism with low radioactive iodine uptake, also called "painless thyroiditis" (1), followed by hypothyroidism may also occur in the postpartum period (3).I report the case of a patient previously reported to have "painless thyroiditis" after a pregnancy, who developed a second episode of transient hyperthyroidism after a subsequent pregnancy.The patient presented initially to the Naval Regional Medical Center,...References1. WOOLFDALY PR: Thyrotoxicosis with painless thyroiditis. Am J Med 60:73-79, 1976 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. AMINOMIYAIKUROTANIZAWAAZUKIZAWATAKAITANAKANISHIKAWASHIMAKUMAHARA NKROMSFKMY: Transient postpartum hypothyroidism: fourteen cases with autoimmune thyroiditis. Ann Intern Med 87:155-159, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar3. GINSBERGWALFISH JP: Post-partum transient thyrotoxicosis with painless thyroiditis. Lancet 1:1125-1128, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GORMANDUICKWOOLNERWAHNER CDLH: Transient hyperthyroidism in patients with lymphocytic thyroiditis. Mayo Clin Proc 53:359-365, 1978 MedlineGoogle Scholar5. WALFISHGINSBERG PJ: Postpartum thyroid disease (letter). Ann Intern Med 88:128, 1978 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of South Alabama Medical Center Mobile, AL 36609 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited By6 Post-partum hyperthyroidismPost‐partum thyroid diseaseAre Silent Thyroiditis and Postpartum Silent Thyroiditis Forms of Chronic Thyroiditis or Different (New) Forms of Viral Thyroiditis? 1 April 1979Volume 90, Issue 4Page: 719-720KeywordsHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismPregnancyThyroid Issue Published: 1 April 1979 PDF DownloadLoading ...
The role of simeticone in small-bowel preparation for capsule endoscopy
Authors: Z.-Z. Ge, H.-Y. Chen, Y.-J. Gao, Y.-B. Hu, S.-D. Xiao
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and study aims: Capsule endoscopy is a new diagnostic method allowing painless visualization of the entire small bowel. However, there is as yet no standardized protocol for bowel preparation before the examination. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of simeticone in reducing bowel gas bubbles in patients undergoing capsule endoscopy. Patients and methods: A randomized, prospective, and controlled study was conducted, including 56 patients, from March to October 2004. The patients were randomly allocated to groups receiving either simeticone or no simeticone, on the basis of a computer-generated random number table. Patients in the simeticone group (n = 28) received 300 mg simeticone for bowel preparation 20 min before capsule endoscopy, while patients in the non-simeticone group (n = 28) received no medication for bowel preparation. Two experienced endoscopists assessed and graded the visibility of the mucosa and intraluminal gas bubbles in a single-blinded fashion. Results: The visibility of the mucosa in the proximal small bowel in patients who received preparation with simeticone was considered to be better, with fewer intraluminal bubbles, than in those without bowel preparation (P < 0.025). Interobserver agreement was excellent (r ≥ 0.8, P < 0.05). No adverse effects of simeticone were observed. Conclusions: Simeticone administration before capsule endoscopy improves the visualization of the mucosa in the proximal small intestine.
A protein interaction network for the analysis of the neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in response to titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Xiaoyan Liu, Xiufang Ren, Xiaoyong Deng, Yinan Huo, Jiang Xie, Hai Huang, Zheng Jiao, Minghong Wu, Yuanfang Liu, Tieqiao Wen
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Fibroblast growth factor receptor isotype expression and its association with overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hyo Jeong Lee, Hyo Jeong Kang, Kang Mo Kim, Eun Sil Yu, Ki Hun Kim, Seung-Mi Kim, Tae Won Kim, Ju Hyun Shim, Young-Suk Lim, Han Chu Lee, Young-Hwa Chung, Yung Sang Lee
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2015)

Background/Aims Fibroblast growth factor signaling is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) isotype expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and neighboring nonneoplastic liver tissue, and elucidate its prognostic implications. Methods Immunohistochemical staining of FGFR1, -2, -3, and -4 was performed in the HCCs and paired neighboring nonneoplastic liver tissue of 870 HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection. Of these, clinical data for 153 patients who underwent curative resection as a primary therapy were reviewed, and the relationship between FGFR isotype expression and overall survival was evaluated (development set). This association was also validated in 73 independent samples (validation set) by Western blot analysis. Results FGFR1, -2, -3, and -4 were expressed in 5.3%, 11.1%, 3.8%, and 52.7% of HCCs, respectively. Among the development set of 153 patients, FGFR2 positivity in HCC was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival (5-year survival rate, 35.3% vs. 61.8%; P=0.02). FGFR2 expression in HCC was an independent predictor of a poor postsurgical prognosis (hazard ratio, 2.10; P=0.02) in the development set. However, the corresponding findings were not statistically significant in the validation set. Conclusions FGFR2 expression in HCC could be a prognostic indicator of postsurgical survival. Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Fibroblast growth factor; Receptor; Immunohistochemistry; Survival
Normal genes for the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme, P450scc, in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.
Authors: D Lin, S E Gitelman, P Saenger, W L Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia is the most severe form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Affected individuals can synthesize no steroid hormones, and hence are all phenotypic females with a severe salt-losing syndrome that is fatal if not treated in early infancy. All previous studies have suggested that the disorder is in the cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), which converts cholesterol to pregnenolone. A newborn patient was diagnosed by the lack of significant concentrations of adrenal or gonadal steroids either before or after stimulation with corticotropin (ACTH) or gonadotropin (hCG). The P450scc gene in this patient and in a previously described patient were grossly intact, as evidenced by Southern blotting patterns. Enzymatic (polymerase chain reaction) amplification and sequencing of the coding regions of their P450scc genes showed these were identical to the previously cloned human P450scc cDNA and gene sequences. Undetected compound heterozygosity was ruled out in the new patient by sequencing P450scc cDNA enzymatically amplified from gonadal RNA. Northern blots of gonadal RNA from this patient contained normal sized mRNAs for P450scc and also for adrenodoxin reductase, adrenodoxin, sterol carrier protein 2, endozepine, and GRP-78 (the precursor to steroidogenesis activator peptide). These studies show that lipoid CAH is not caused by lesions in the P450scc gene, and suggest that another unidentified factor is required for the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, and is disordered in congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.
Persistent Indoor Air Pollution Levels in the Homes of New York City Children over 4 to 5 years
Authors: J.M. Camacho, S. Hsu, K.H. Jung, K.M. Moors, K.J. Bernabé, P.L. Kinney, S.N. Chillrud, R. Whyatt, L.A. Hoepner, J.M. Ross
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
A Syringe Electrode Device for Simultaneous Injection of DNA and Electrotransfer
Authors: Feng Liu, Leaf Huang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Electroporation for gene delivery has attracted considerable attention recently, because of both the site-specific nature of the delivery and the high efficiency of the method. Electrotransfer of genes involves the application of an electric field to cells to enhance their permeability, facilitating exogenous polynucleotide transit across the cytoplasmic membrane. However, the relatively high electric field strength required for electroporation induces tissue damage, thus limiting its widespread application. We describe here a syringe electrode of our design, with which the same transfection efficiency can be achieved by using much lower electric field strength than that of conventional electrodes, such that the tissue damage is minimized.