tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of Long-Term Intraperitoneal Insulin Administration With Implantable Programmable Pumps: Metabolic consequences
Authors: Véronique Lassmann-Vague, Pauline Belicar, Denis Raccah, Bernard Vialettes, Jean Claude Sodoyez, Philippe Vague
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

To assess immunogenicity of intraperitoneal insulin infusion via implanted pumps by two methods and to evaluate the possible influence of an increased antibody level on metabolic and clinical parameters.We studied insulin antibody levels in 17 type I diabetic patients before and until 24 months after implantation of a programmable pump delivering insulin intraperitoneally. Antibody levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). They were correlated with HbA1c, insulin requirements, free insulin, and the incidence of hypoglycemia.Insulin antibodies increased as soon as the 3rd month after implantation. This increase was sustained throughout the study period (month 0, 25.4 +/- 16.2%; month 3, 41.2 +/- 23.5%; month 12, 45.9 +/- 26%; month 24, 48.7 +/- 25%). The data was correlated with the two assay methods (RIA and ELISA). Postimplantation level was correlated with preimplantation level, which could indicate a predictive value of the latter . No correlation was observed with any metabolic parameters, particularly the number of hypoglycemic episodes.Our results indicate that intraperitoneal insulin administration by implantable programmable pumps leads to an increase of insulin antibodies, which are probably high-affinity antibodies (recognized by both RIA and ELISA). This increase in insulin immunogenicity did not induce significant metabolic consequences, which is reassuring for the future of programmable insulin pumps.
Blood pressure and heart rate in patients with ischaemic heart disease receiving nifedipine and propranolol.
Authors: L Harris, H J Dargie, P G Lynch, C J Bulpitt, D M Krikler
Journal: BMJ (1982)

A randomised controlled crossover trial was performed to assess the anti-anginal effects of nifedipine and propranolol separately and together. The effects of these treatments on blood pressure and heart rate were assessed at rest and after the cold pressor and mental arithmetic tests. Nifedipine and propranolol together produced the greatest reduction in supine and erect systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Propranolol (480 mg daily) lowered resting systolic/diastolic blood pressures by 7/6 mm Hg and nifedipine (60 mg daily) lowered it by 10/8 mm Hg, while in the erect position the hypotensive effect of these agents averaged 9/8 mm Hg. During the cold pressor test propranolol lowered the maximum pressure by an average of 11/6 mm Hg and nifedipine by 19/10 mm Hg. For the mental arithmetic test, the results were 7/2 mm Hg and 16/7 mm Hg respectively. Propranolol (480 mg daily)reduced supine and erect heart rate by 19 and 25 beats/minute respectively, while nifedipine did not alter heart rate significantly. The favourable haemodynamic responses to nifedipine suggest that it may be of value in the management of hypertension.
Congenital contractural deformities of the fingers and arthropathy.
Authors: J R Martin, S N Huang, A Lacson, R H Payne, S Bridger, F C Fraser, A J Neary, E A MacLaughlin, C Hobeika, L J Lawton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

Four patients are described who presented with congenital finger contractures and arthropathy. There was synovial cell hyperplasia and giant cells but no inflammatory process. Radiographs showed flattening of the metacarpal and metatarsal heads and the proximal femoral ossification centres. In the oldest patient the process had subsided leaving slight contractures but severe impairment of hip mobility. In another the arthropathy was still prominent in the early teens. In a third, finger contractures had failed to respond to conservative or surgical measures.
Incidence of Maternal Rh Immunization by ABO Compatible and Incompatible Pregnancies
Authors: W. Q. Ascari, P. Levine, W. Pollack
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The incidence of maternal Rh immunization in Rh-negative women following a single ABO compatible Rh-positive pregnancy is about 17%. This incidence was determined by following Rh-negative women through two Rh-incompatible pregnancies and analysing their sera for anti-Rh at the time of delivery of their second observed pregnancy. Maternal Rh immunization occurs almost exclusively after delivery; however, antibodies may not be detectable in the absence of further antigenic stimulation. The incidence of maternal Rh immunization when maternal-foetal ABO incompatibility is also present is 9–13% and 17% for group O and non-group O women respectively. This study emphasizes the need to offer Rh-immune prophylaxis to Rh-negative women having Rh-positive infants whether or not ABO incompatibility exists between the mother and infant.
G.P. Filing System
Authors: N. B. Eastwood
Journal: BMJ (1967)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> The ability of countries to contain and control COVID-19 virus transmission via social distancing is critical in the absence of a vaccine. Early activation of robust measures has been shown to control the daily infection rate, and consequential pressure on the health care system. As countries begin to control COVID-19 spread an understanding of how to ease social distancing measures to prevent a rebound in cases and deaths is required. <h3>Methods</h3> Using COVID-19 transmission data from the outbreak source in Hubei Province, China prior to activation of containment measures, we adapted an established individual-based simulation model of the city of Newcastle, Australia. Simulation of virus transmission in this model, with and without, social distancing measures activated permitted us to quantify social distancing effectiveness. Optimal strategies for relaxing social distancing were determined under two settings: with high numbers of daily cases, as in New York; and where early social distancing activation resulted in limited ongoing transmission, as in Perth, Australia. <h3>Findings</h3> In countries where strong social distancing measures were activated after the COVID-19 virus had spread widely, our study found these measures are required to be maintained for significant periods before being eased, to return to a situation where daily case numbers become low. In countries where early responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have been highly successful, as in Australia, we show that a staged relaxation of social distancing prevents a rebound in cases. <h3>Interpretation</h3> Modelling studies and direct observation have shown that robust and timely social distancing have the most effect in containing the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Questions arise as to the duration of strong social distancing measures, given they are highly disruptive to society and economic activity. This study demonstrates the necessity of holding robust social distancing in place until COVID-19 virus transmission has significantly decreased, and how they may then be safely eased.
Pharmacy Dispensing of Electronically Discontinued Medications
Authors: Adrienne S. Allen, Thomas D. Sequist
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Background: Most physician offices do not transmit orders for medication discontinuation to the pharmacy, creating the potential for errors in dispensing of previously prescribed medications. Electronic health records offer the potential to assess this patient safety concern. Objective: To assess the frequency of and potential patient harm associated with pharmacy dispensing of discontinued medications in the ambulatory setting. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Multispecialty group practice in eastern Massachusetts using an electronic health record. Patients: 30 406 adult patients with an electronic discontinuation order for antihypertensive, antiplatelet, anticoagulant, oral hypoglycemic, and statin medications between November 2008 and October 2009. Measurements: Dispensing of discontinued medications within 12 months and associated potential patient harm. Results: Among 83 902 targeted medications that were electronically discontinued, 1218 (1.5% [95% CI, 1.4% to 1.5%]) were subsequently dispensed by the pharmacy a mean of 1.0 (SD, 0.3) time during the 12-month follow-up. Among the top 10 most frequently electronically discontinued medications, the rate of subsequent dispensing by a pharmacy ranged from 0.9% for metformin to 2.5% for metoprolol. Manual chart review of 416 medication-dispensing events that were predefined as high risk according to an automated algorithm identified potential harm in 50 (12%) cases, including clinical reactions (n = 18), laboratory abnormalities (n = 17), duplicated medication classes dispensed (n = 8), and potential allergic reactions (n = 7). Limitation: Information on pharmacy dispensing was available for only 52% of medication orders. Conclusion: The dispensing of discontinued medications represents an important ambulatory patient safety concern. Electronic health records should be used to facilitate better communication between providers and pharmacies and improve medication safety. Primary Funding Source: National Institutes of Health.
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF THE RELATION OF TUBERCULOSIS TO DISEASES OF THE EYE
Authors: WILLIAM H. WILDER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

This committee was formed for the purpose of studying in a cooperative way the relation of tuberculosis to certain diseases of the eye, the etiology of which is often obscure.  As was stated in the preliminary report, it was thought that a number of observers might accumulate enough data to draw conclusions that might not be warranted by the limited observations of a single individual.  Those who were interested in this work agreed to study their cases acording to a plan that was prearranged, and to keep records on blanks prepared for the purpose, so as to facilitate compilation.  This plan of study contemplated a thorough physical examination of the body to determine, if possible, the etiology of the eye disease. If, in this examination, no reasonable etiology could be determined, other than that the patient gave evidence of having either active or quiescent tuberculosis in some part of the
Forty Years in the Medical Profession. 1858-1898.
Authors: John Janvier Black
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular heterogeneity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is dependent on BCR signaling: clinical correlation
Authors: A Rodríguez, R Villuendas, L Yáñez, M E Gómez, R Díaz, M Pollán, N Hernández, P de la Cueva, M C Marín, A Swat, E Ruiz, M A Cuadrado, E Conde, L Lombardía, F Cifuentes, M Gonzalez, J A García-Marco, M A Piris
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Regulatory CD4+ T Cells Expressing Endogenous T Cell Receptor Chains Protect Myelin Basic Protein–specific Transgenic Mice from Spontaneous Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez, Yijie Wang, Juan J. Lafaille
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

The development of T cell–mediated autoimmune diseases hinges on the balance between effector and regulatory mechanisms. Using two transgenic mouse lines expressing identical myelin basic protein (MBP)–specific T cell receptor (TCR) genes, we have previously shown that mice bearing exclusively MBP-specific T cells (designated T/R−) spontaneously develop experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), whereas mice bearing MBP-specific T cells as well as other lymphocytes (designated T/R+) did not. Here we demonstrate that T/R− mice can be protected from EAE by the early transfer of total splenocytes or purified CD4+ T cells from normal donors. Moreover, whereas T/R+ mice crossed with B cell–deficient, γ/δ T cell–deficient, or major histocompatibility complex class I–deficient mice did not develop EAE spontaneously, T/R+ mice crossed with TCR-α and -β knockout mice developed EAE with the same incidence and severity as T/R− mice. In addition, MBP-specific transgenic mice that lack only endogenous TCR-α chains developed EAE with high incidence but reduced severity. Surprisingly, two-thirds of MBP-specific transgenic mice lacking only endogenous TCR-β chains also developed EAE, suggesting that in T/R+ mice, cells with high protective activity escape TCR-β chain allelic exclusion. Our study identifies CD4+ T cells bearing endogenous α and β TCR chains as the lymphocytes that prevent spontaneous EAE in T/R+ mice.
Selling the pathology service.
Authors: W R Timperley
Journal: BMJ (1990)

to his or her own expectations, this will allow continuous accurate medical audit.The definition of computer protocols for care and the feedback of comparisons between the protocols and the realities achieved offer the best opportunity available for improving the consistency and quality of patient care in general practice.This then is the agenda for the next phase for computers in general practice-clinical recording, communication, and computer aided medical audit, all aimed at enhancing the quality of patient care.The technology exists now.It requires only that the medical profession and the suppliers of general practice computer systems should work together to make it happen.
Consciousness and unconsciousness of logical reasoning errors in the human brain
Authors: Olivier Houdé
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

I challenge here the concept of SOC in regard to the question of the consciousness or unconsciousness of logical errors. My commentary offers support for the demonstration of how neuroimaging techniques might be used in the psychology of reasoning to test hypotheses about a potential hierarchy of levels of consciousness (and thus of partial unconsciousness) implemented in different brain networks.
AMOXYCILLIN PLUS TINIDAZOLE FOR CAMPYLOBACTER PYLORI GASTRITIS IN CHILDREN: ASSESSMENT BY SERUM IgG ANTIBODY, PEPSINOGEN I, AND GASTRIN LEVELS
Authors: Giuseppina Oderda, John Holton, Franco Altare, Dino Vaira, Colin Ainley, Nicoletta Ansaldi
Journal: The Lancet (1989)
713 A lipogenic diet deficient in methionine and choline (MCD) suppresses hepatic stearoyl-COA desaturase-1: a possible role for lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of MCD-induced steatohepatitis
Authors: G RIZKI, L ARNABOLDI, B GABRIELLI, G LEE, R PITAS, J MAHER
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Spleen in sickle cell anemia: Comparative studies of Nigerian and U.S. patients
Authors: A. D. Adekile, K. M. McKie, O. O. Adeodu, A. J. Sulzer, J.‐S. Liu, V. C. McKie, F. Kutlar, M. Ramachandran, W. Kaine, G. I. Akenzua, A. A. Okolo, A. A. Asindi, E. A. Obinyan, W. N. Ogala, M. Ibrahim, T. H. J. Huisman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Anecdotal reports have attributed persistent splenomegaly in African sickle cell anemia (SS) patients to the effects of malaria. However, no comparative studies of patients in malarial and nonmalarial regions have been conducted, and few studies of malaria antibody titers have been reported. In the present study, age‐ and sex‐matched Nigerian and U.S. steady‐state SS patients were compared. Splenomegaly was found in 22.3% of Nigerian patients (n = 310), while it was found only in 8% of U.S. patients (n = 100) from Georgia. There was significant linear correlation between spleen size and Hb levels and with serum immunoglobulins in the Nigerian group. However, serum complement levels (C3 and C4) were not affected by spleen size. In both groups, patients with splenomegaly had fewer circulating pitted red cells than their counterparts without splenomegaly. The mean ± SE of IgG‐specific malaria antibody titer among the Nigerian patients without palpable spleens was 9,386 ± 2,036; 9,334 ± 2,980 in those with spleens between 1 and 5 cm, 16,201 ± 4,502 in those with spleens between 6 and 10 cm, and 22,445 ± 8,456 in those with spleens above 10 cm. Coexistent α‐thalassemia did not influence the prevalence of splenomegaly among the Nigerian SS patients. This study provides additional evidence that malaria plays a significant role in the persistence of splenomegaly in African patients. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
More about Truffles.
Authors: Sydney H. Bohn
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Philadelphia, Pa., July 26, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to your valuedJournalof the 13th inst., page 85,I would respectfully call your attention to an error in the article on "Tuckahoe," in the statement that trained dogs are used to hunt the truffle in the Old World; in France, in which nearly four-fifths of the entire production is found,<i>trained pigs</i>are used. They are mostly muzzled by a ring around the jaw to prevent their swallowing the delicacy. The sense of smell in these pigs is very highly developed, the truffles being often exceedingly deep underground. Asking pardon for thus bothering you, I remain, Yours sincerely,
US cigarette companies attract young smokers
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Cigarette advertising in the US seems to be most effective among young people, according to a study by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC said last week that the three most heavily advertised brands of cigarettes had 86% of the teenage market but only 35% of the overall market in the US. The report was based on a survey last year of 702 smokers aged 12 to 18. …
Cloned mouse interferon-gamma inhibits the growth of Rickettsia prowazekii in cultured mouse fibroblasts.
Authors: J Turco, H H Winkler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

The effect of treating cultured mouse fibroblasts (L929 cells) with cloned mouse interferon-gamma on the growth of Rickettsia prowazekii within the fibroblasts was studied. Within 48 h after infection, rickettsiae were cleared from a substantial proportion of the initially infected cells and rickettsial growth was inhibited in those cells that remained infected, when L929 cells were treated with cloned mouse interferon-gamma both before and after infection. When L929 cells were treated with cloned mouse interferon-gamma either only before or only after infection with rickettsiae, rickettsial growth was markedly inhibited but rickettsiae were not cleared from many cells. Addition of cycloheximide to L929 cells markedly suppressed the antirickettsial activity of the interferon, and cloned mouse interferon-gamma did not induce antirickettsial activity in human foreskin fibroblasts. The antirickettsial effects of cloned mouse interferon-gamma were similar to those induced by crude mouse lymphokines prepared from concanavalin A-stimulated mouse spleen cells. Equivalent amounts (units) of cloned mouse interferon-gamma produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells or by Escherichia coli caused equivalent inhibition of rickettsial growth in mouse fibroblasts. However, at high concentrations of interferon-gamma, treatment of rickettsia-infected fibroblasts with equivalent amounts (units) of interferon-gamma, as crude mouse lymphokines or cloned mouse interferon-gamma, resulted in slightly greater inhibition of rickettsial growth by the crude lymphokines. Most of the antirickettsial activity of crude mouse lymphokines can be explained by the interferon-gamma that is present in these preparations. Interferon-gamma, by virtue of its ability to inhibit rickettsial growth and effect the clearance of rickettsia from nonprofessional phagocytes, may play a crucial role in the elimination of rickettsiae from the infected host.
Is Truth Telling to the Patient a Cultural Artifact?
Authors: Edmund D. Pellegrino
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In this issue of<i>JAMA</i>, Antonella Surbone, MD, describes her dilemma in trying to transfer the ideals of medical ethics she learned in the United States to her native Italy.<sup>1</sup>From her experience in the United States, she found that truth telling and respect for autonomy have become virtual moral absolutes. On the other hand, in Italy, families and physicians often shield patients from painful truths and difficult decisions. As Dr Surbone points out, what is beneficent in one country may seem maleficent in another country. This contrast in moral perspectives, of course, is not unique to the differences between Italy and North America. It has become a worldwide problem as newer models of medical ethics nurtured in the individualistic soil of North America are introduced to other countries with different moral traditions.<sup>2</sup>But similar contrasts may exist within a country, for example, between northern and southern Italy,
Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia after Insecticide Exposure
Authors: Katherine A. Kovacs
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Letters5 December 2000Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia after Insecticide ExposureKatherine A. Kovacs, MDKatherine A. Kovacs, MDQueen's University; Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada (Kovacs)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-11-200012050-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:A 54-year-old farmer experienced several days of headache after spraying dimethoate insecticide for 45 minutes on 4 June 1999 without wearing a mask. On 7 June, she awoke with foul breath and diplopia; the diplopia resolved briefly and then worsened. She visited an eye clinic on 11 June, where left internuclear ophthalmoplegia was diagnosed. The following day, she returned to the clinic reporting lethargy, malaise, nausea, and diarrhea and was referred to the internal medicine clinic. At that visit, on 18 June, she denied excessive lacrimation or salivation but noted having to eat frequently to avoid weakness ...References1. Tripathi AK, Misra UK. Ophthalmoplegia in dimethoate poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India. 1996;44:225. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Wadia RS, Sadagopan C, Amin RB, Sardesai HV. Neurological manifestations of organophosphorous insecticide poisoning. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1974;37:841-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Queen's University; Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada (Kovacs) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIntroduction to Anatomy and Neural Pathways 5 December 2000Volume 133, Issue 11Page: 926KeywordsAtaxiaInsecticideNauseaParalysisProteinsSalivationSaltsToxicityUreaVitamins ePublished: 5 December 2000 Issue Published: 5 December 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison of Cardiac Output Calculation by Manual and Analogue Computer Methods
Authors: E. Glassman, R. Baliff, C. Herrera
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1967)

An analogue computer was used to calculate cardiac output from dye dilution curves. Very close agreement was obtained between manual calculations by the Stewart-Hamilton and automatically computed values. Approximately 20 min per determination was saved by using the computer. Curves which did not exhibit logarithmic decay of indicator concentration were detected by the computer.