tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fanny Ethel Meltzer (nee Awerbuck)
Authors: M. Meltzer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A successful innovator in drug rehabilitation who was accused of financial irregularities Judianne Densen-Gerber was nothing if not controversial.To many, she was a successful innovator in drug rehabilitation, a woman with powerful friends and media clout who brought hope, funding, and rehabilitation to drug users who had been written off as "garbage."To others she was a manipulative, dictatorial, mercurial woman who sometimes mixed up her accounts, taking public funds for her private use.Densen-Gerber was the daughter of an heiress and a chemical engineer.She first qualified as a lawyer, graduating from Columbia University Law School, before qualifying in medicine at New York University Medical School in 1963.She was doing a residency at psychiatry at Metropolitan Hospital in New York when, in 1966, she encountered her life's work in the form of 17 drug users."She was pregnant and female, and they gave her an easy assignment dealing with drug addicts.They told her they don't get well anyway," said Ronald Brown, a former user who was rehabilitated through one of Densen-Gerber's programmes, and became a friend, colleague, and executive director of one of her treatment centres, Odyssey House in Flint/Saginaw, Michigan."She didn't see them as garbage.She started relating to them."Densen-Gerber consulted other doctors involved in treating addiction and developed the model of a drug free therapeutic community in which users would live together and embark on a "journey of self discovery," using mostly group therapy techniques borrowed from many schools of psychiatry, Brown said.The group lived in 11 temporary quarters.They moved so often that someone said they were on an odyssey, and the name stuck.Their first permanent home was in East Harlem, where the rent was a bargain basement $17 a month.Today there are Odyssey Houses in New York, New Hampshire, Michigan, Louisiana, Utah, New Zealand, and Australia.Densen-Gerber formed powerful friendships, including one with Nelson Rockefeller, then governor of New York state, whose house she picketed to demand funding for her programmes.
Oral Consumption of Green Tea Polyphenols Inhibits Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I–Induced Signaling in an Autochthonous Mouse Model of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Vaqar Mustafa Adhami, Imtiaz Ahmad Siddiqui, Nihal Ahmad, Sanjay Gupta, Hasan Mukhtar
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract We earlier demonstrated that oral infusion of green tea polyphenols inhibits development and progression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Evidence indicates that elevated levels of IGF-I with concomitant lowering of IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 are associated with increased risk for prostate cancer development and progression. In this study, we examined the role of IGF/IGFBP-3 signaling and its downstream and other associated events during chemoprevention of prostate cancer by green tea polyphenols in TRAMP mice. Our data demonstrated an increase in the levels of IGF-I, phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase, phosphorylated Akt (Thr-308), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 with concomitant decrease in IGFBP-3 in dorso-lateral prostate of TRAMP mice during the course of cancer progression, i.e., as a function of age. Continuous green tea polyphenol infusion for 24 weeks to these mice resulted in substantial reduction in the levels of IGF-I and significant increase in the levels of IGFBP-3 in the dorso-lateral prostate. This modulation of IGF/IGFBP-3 was found to be associated with an inhibition of protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase, phosphorylated forms of Akt (Thr-308) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, green tea polyphenol infusion resulted in marked inhibition of markers of angiogenesis and metastasis most notably vascular endothelial growth factor, urokinase plasminogen activator, and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Based on our data, we suggest that IGF-I/IGFBP-3 signaling pathway is a prime pathway for green tea polyphenol-mediated inhibition of prostate cancer that limits the progression of cancer through inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis.
Severe Angioedema Related to ACE Inhibitors in Patients With a History of Idiopathic Angioedema
Authors: Nicholas Orfan
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been associated with the onset of angioedema in a small subset of treated patients. The angioedema commonly involves the face and oropharyngeal tissues and may result in life-threatening airway compromise. The mechanism by which ACE inhibitors precipitate angioedema has not been well-defined, and retrospective analysis of reported cases has failed to identify a group of patients at high risk. We report four cases of ACE inhibitor—related angioedema that required immediate medical intervention. All four cases occurred in patients with a prior history of idiopathic angioedema, an otherwise uncommon clinical entity. These observations suggest that patients with a history of idiopathic angioedema are at increased risk for the development of ACE inhibitor—related angioedema and should be treated cautiously with this class of drugs. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:1287-1289)
Eikenella corrodens Infections in Drug Abusers
Authors: MICHAEL SILPA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1980Eikenella corrodens Infections in Drug AbusersMICHAEL SILPA, M.D., JOSEPH D'ANGELO, B.S.MICHAEL SILPA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH D'ANGELO, B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-6-871_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Eikenella corrodens is a slowly growing gram-negative rod that has only recently been recognized as a pathogen in humans (1). It is part of the normal oropharyngeal flora and has been isolated in cases of visceral and soft tissue abscesses, pulmonary infections, meningitis, and at least three cases of endocarditis, (2, 3). Eikenella corrodens is usually found in combination with other bacteria, most notably the streptococci, but occasionally is seen in pure culture.Over a 2-year period, we have seen nine cases ofE. corrodensinfections in intravenous drug abusers. Five of the nine patients were available...References1. DORFF G, JACKSON L, and RYTEL M. Infections with Eikenella corrodens: a newly recognized human pathogen. Ann Intern Med. 1974;80:305-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GOLDSTEIN E, KIRBY B, and FINEGOLD S. Isolation of Eikenella corrodens from pulmonary infections. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979;119:55-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. GERACI J, HERMANS P, and WASHINGTON J. Eikenella corrodens endocarditis: report of cure in two cases. Mayo Clin Proc. 1974;49:950-3. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BROOKS G, O'DONOGHUE J, RISSING J, SOAPES K, and SMITH J. Eikenella corrodens, a recently recognized pathogen: infections in medical-surgical patients and in association with methylphenidate abuse. Medicine (Baltimore). 1974;53:325-42. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MICHAEL SILPA, M.D.; JOSEPH D'ANGELO, B.S.Affiliations: Highland General Hospital Oakland, CA 94602 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInfective Endocarditis in Intravenous Drug Users: Surgical TreatmentEikenella corrodens endocarditis and liver abscess in a previously healthy male, a case reportShooting up: the interface of microbial infections and drug abuseEikenella corrodens Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis in a Patient with Ulcerative ColitisNeedle licker's osteomyelitisPrevention of Infective Endocarditis: A Review of the Medical and Dental LiteratureEikenella corrodens: A recently recognized pathogen in head and neck infectionsEndocarditis and Infections of Intravascular Devices Due to Eikenella corrodensDrug addiction: An updateMiscellaneous Bacterial Causes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia 1 June 1980Volume 92, Issue 6Page: 871-871KeywordsAbscessesAddictsBacteriaEndocarditisMeningitisPathogensPulmonary diseasesSoft tissue infectionsSoft tissues ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Where Is the Medical Librarian?
Authors: Josephine W. Yeoh
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Articles advising the physician on how to keep up with his continuing education rarely mention the medical library as a useful aid. However, there is a potentially revolutionary change taking place. The clinical medical librarian, rather than remaining passively within the library, is now actively joining the health care team by going on rounds with the physicians on various services (230:521, 1974). The purpose of this project is to ascertain the physician's clinical information needs and then provide him with a few relevant and current articles within a short time. The inclusion of a medical librarian on patient visitation rounds was first initiated (as far as the literature reveals) at Cook County Hospital in Chicago, on pulmonary medicine rounds.<sup>1</sup>This project appeared to be of great benefit to other members of the health team. Since that time, about six other large medical libraries have supplied clinical
Widows and Orphans of Medical Men.
Authors: Andrew F. Currier
Journal: JAMA (1892)

<h3>To the Editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association:</h3> In the issue of theJournalfor April 16, is an interesting communication from Dr. F. Horner, of Marshall, Va., which, however, is somewhat in error in certain respects. I refer particularly to the statements concerning the New York Society for the relief of the Widows and Orphans of Medical Men. This society is entirely distinct from the Physicians Mutual Aid Association, having been founded May 14, 1842, and being patterned after a similar organization in London which is now nearly or quite a century old. The objects of the society are stated in its rather long name, and it has also upon certain occasions extended relief to its members. Its fiftieth year of existence will be completed this week. Its relief work has extended through forty years and during that period it has aided 27 widows and 23
Apo B100-containing lipoproteins are secreted by the heart.
Authors: J Borén, M M Véniant, S G Young
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The apo B gene is expressed in the human heart and in the hearts of human apo B transgenic mice generated with large genomic clones spanning the human apo B gene. [35S]Methionine metabolic labeling experiments demonstrated that apo B100-containing lipoproteins are secreted by human heart tissue and by human apo B transgenic and nontransgenic mouse heart tissue. Density gradient analysis revealed that most of the secreted heart lipoproteins were LDLs, even when the labeling experiments were performed in the presence of tetrahydrolipstatin, an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase. Western blots with a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein) (MTP)-specific antiserum demonstrated that the microsomes of the heart contain the 97-kD subunit of MTP (the subunit involved in the transfer of lipids and assembly of lipoproteins). Metabolic labeling of mouse heart tissue in the presence of BMS-192951, an MTP inhibitor, abolished lipoprotein secretion by the heart but resulted in the secretion of two apo B proteolytic fragments (80 and 120 kD), which were found in the bottom fraction of the density gradient. These studies reveal that the heart, and not just the liver and intestine, secretes apo B-containing lipoproteins. We speculate that lipoprotein secretion by the heart represents a mechanism for removing excess lipids from the heart.
353 Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) promotes vascular endothelial cell proliferation and migration through VEGRFR2-PLCγ-MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: T. Fujikawa, H. Shiraha, M. Suzuki, N. Ueda, N. Takaoka, Y. Nakanishi, K. Sakaguchi, Y. Shiratori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Care Not Killing
Authors: J. Cassidy
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Care Not Killing is an alliance of around 50 groups, including faith based and pro-life organisations, opposed to legalising euthanasia or physician assisted suicide. Its campaign director, Peter Saunders, is a former surgeon and chief executive of the Christian Medical Fellowship.

Members include the Association for Palliative Medicine, the UK Disabled People’s Council, the Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (RADAR), the Christian Medical Fellowship, the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of England and Wales, the Church of England, and the Medical Ethics Alliance.

Most recently it fought against the End of Life Assistance (Scotland) Bill, which was heavily defeated in the Scottish parliament in December ( BMJ 2010;341:c6986 doi:10.1136/bmj.c6986). Its postcard campaign was condemned as “unworthy and cheap” and “a catalogue of …
Diagnosis and management of chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (or encephalopathy): summary of NICE guidance
Authors: R Baker, E J Shaw
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Data from other countries indicate that chronic fatigue syndrome (also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis or myalgic encephalopathy) (CFS/ME) is relatively common (affecting at least 0.2-0.4% of the population), although good epidemiological data for the United Kingdom are lacking. Many different potential aetiologies for CFS/ME have been investigated, including neurological, endocrine, immunological, genetic, psychiatric, and infectious, but the aetiology cannot yet be fully explained. CFS/ME can cause prolonged illness and disability and substantially affect patients and their families. Although most patients have mild or moderate symptoms, some have severe CFS/ME and are housebound or even unable to move from their bed. Uncertainties about diagnosis and management may exacerbate the impact of symptoms, and patients often encounter delays in diagnosis and difficulty accessing information, support, and potentially helpful therapies.1 This article summarises the most recent guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on diagnosing and managing this condition.2 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available (as with CFS/ME), a range of consensus techniques is used to develop recommendations. In this summary, recommendations derived primarily from consensus techniques are indicated with an asterisk (*). ### General principles
15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid–induced angiogenesis requires Src-mediated Egr-1–dependent rapid induction of FGF-2 expression
Authors: Venkatesh Kundumani-Sridharan, Jixiao Niu, Dong Wang, Dong Van Quyen, Qiuhua Zhang, Nikhlesh K. Singh, Jaganathan Subramani, Saradasri Karri, Gadiparthi N. Rao
Journal: Blood (2010)
THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF EHRLICH'S DIAZO REACTION.Inaugural Thesis read before the Minnesota Academy, Nov. 1, 1893.
Authors: CHAS. L. GREENE
Journal: JAMA (1894)

More than ten years have elapsed since Ehrlich announced the discovery of an urinary test which should determine the presence or absence of typhoid fever; yet up to this time the members of the medical profession of our country have not determined its proper place in our diagnostic armamentarium. The importance of such a discovery, if genuine, makes this apathy seem at first glance almost inexplicable, but reference to the literature upon the subject offers a ready and sufficient explanation. It would seem a very easy matter for scientific observers to arrive at harmonious results in the performance of a simple experiment terminating in a definite color reaction, yet we find in the published accounts of these observations, statements so contradictory and confusing as to lead one to believe that scientific accuracy in this department at least is little better than a name. Carelessness in diagnosis and utter disregard for
Saccadic Eye Movements in Families Multiply Affected With Schizophrenia: The Maudsley Family Study
Authors: T.J. Crawford, T. Sharma, B.K. Puri, R.M. Murray, D.M. Berridge, S.W. Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

Objective:Family studies have shown that abnormalities of smooth pursuit eye movement are increased in the adult relatives of schizophrenic probands as well as in the probands themselves. More recently, an inability of schizophrenic subjects to inhibit reflexive saccades reliably has been shown. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the latter dysfunction is part of the extended schizophrenia phenotype.Method:With the use of infrared oculography, measurements of reflexive saccades and antisaccades were undertaken in 29 probands with schizophrenia, 50 of their nonpsychotic first-degree relatives, and 38 unrelated healthy volunteers. Results:Probands, relatives, and healthy subjects showed no overall differences in the generation of reflexive saccades. However, in the antisaccade task, probands showed more saccadic distractibility when they were required to inhibit reflexive saccades. Analysis of corrective saccades showed that this was not due to failed comprehension or motivation. Relatives of the probands with high saccadic distractibility showed a higher distractibility rate than relatives of the probands with normal distractibility. Across all subjects, females showed a higher rate of distractibility errors than males. Conclusions:The ability to suppress reflexive saccades is an objective neurocognitive measure that is impaired in schizophrenic patients and in a proportion of their biological relatives. This antisaccade abnormality may be a vulnerability marker in a subset of schizophrenic patients and their families. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 1703-1710
A Close Inspection of the `Calm Look'
Authors: William M. Wardell
Journal: JAMA (1978)

CONNOISSEURS of vintage political pharmacology from the Food and Drug Administration experienced a strong sense of déjà vu on reading Commissioner Donald Kennedy's recent article "A Calm Look at `Drug Lag.' "5 Like his two immediate predecessors in office, Dr Kennedy incants the now ritual oath seemingly required of a new FDA Commissioner: The drug lag does not exist; nevertheless I will abolish it. Dr Kennedy's article is part of a new FDA campaign<sup>6</sup>to exorcise the drug lag by dialectic<sup>7-10</sup>(remarks before the Food and Drug Law Institute, December 1977) if it cannot be abolished by deeds. Unlike his predecessors, Dr Kennedy feels the need for a new drug law to accomplish this. <h3>CONTRADICTIONS</h3> Dr Kennedy's two predecessors recanted their disavowal of the drug lag on leaving office (A. M. Schmidt, Feb 9,1977; C. C. Edwards, Sept 18,1975). Dr Kennedy has spared us the wait, having partially
Unintended Pregnancy Among Adult Women Exposed to Abuse or Household Dysfunction During Their Childhood
Authors: Patricia M. Dietz
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Studies have identified childhood sexual and physical abuse as a risk factor for adolescent pregnancy but the relationship between exposure to childhood abuse and unintended pregnancy in adulthood has, to our knowledge, not been studied.To assess whether unintended pregnancy during adulthood is associated with exposure to psychological, physical, or sexual abuse or household dysfunction during childhood.Analysis of data from the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, a survey mailed to members of a large health maintenance organization who visited a clinic in San Diego, Calif, between August and November 1995 and January and March 1996. The survey had a 63.4% response rate among the target population for this study.A total of 1193 women aged 20 to 50 years whose first pregnancy occurred at or after age 20 years.Risk of unintended first pregnancy by type of abuse (psychological, physical, or sexual abuse; peer sexual assault) and type of household dysfunction (physical abuse of mother by her partner, substance abuse by a household member, mental illness of a household member).More than 45% of the women reported that their first pregnancy was unintended, and 65.8% reported exposure to 2 or more types of childhood abuse or household dysfunction. After adjustment for confounders (marital status at first pregnancy and age at first pregnancy), the strongest associations between childhood experiences and unintended first pregnancy included frequent psychological abuse (risk ratio [RR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-1.6), frequent physical abuse of the mother by her partner (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), and frequent physical abuse (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8). Women who experienced 4 or more types of abuse during their childhood were 1.5 times (95% CI, 1.2-1.8) more likely to have an unintended first pregnancy during adulthood than women who did not experience any abuse.This study indicates that there may be a dose-response association between exposure to childhood abuse or household dysfunction and unintended first pregnancy in adulthood. Additional research is needed to fully understand the causal pathway of this association.
The Granular Chloride Channel ClC-3 Is Permissive for Insulin Secretion
Authors: Ludmila V. Deriy, Erwin A. Gomez, David A. Jacobson, XueQing Wang, Jessika A. Hopson, Xiang Y. Liu, Guangping Zhang, Vytautas P. Bindokas, Louis H. Philipson, Deborah J. Nelson
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2009)
The Healing Touch: 500 years of Scots in sickness and health
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A n anonymous contributor to the visitors' book at this lively and informative exhibition asks, “Why do the surgeons scowl while the psychiatrists smile?” But Scotland's surgeons have every reason to be happy: this show is part of celebrations marking the incorporation of the barber-surgeons of Edinburgh in 1505, and hence the half millennium of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

Exhibits range from vast solemn portraits to sketches, photographs, and a fascinating glimpse into film archives; and the pictures tell the story of 500 years of Scottish medicine and its unexpected impact on the wider world.

In the beginning, all the best ideas came from Holland; and the Leiden connection—with its emphasis on the clinical and the practical—is fully acknowledged. There was a medical school in Edinburgh by 1726, an embryonic teaching hospital—in practice a handful of beds for the sick poor—by …